— i 7 > —— — i on ain, Sys BL ied ath va ‘at a bab 1 UT, bane are / m) Wit i a -* SANA tah a. ih) vel eee A > be May wl sort en ft momen baits Gh " i » iM tial ny Uy ) Wve tals’ i yh Ale i i Hey ide [oat]asa) if te] i, i] My Ai Aen vie Mth inal 4 date Y at i eA Ie 4 Nee path . at iis MAA Ae if 44, ry! ni in aay ws ane f) ge Pav ae Ra Prat we Pa > = Dots ant UN GEL ‘oa ' Ay Ay Nay eae te Fit bits "i a i rte} Steve ‘) / ny ‘ ! 7 4 bit Anat i : aN (Hyer Ud tn ne ' AN, sarah ni wih PY halk Ste uns in t asia BS ied og vie mn rat , Why Anyi ve : st rye] te ay ; et ae i Aig, qe ve t ih na) ‘hi Vi ht " a Sait le h es) Aaa ae a" hat sy tets + a : iia Hehe at e aa vas het) nt Asi, pu Ar abe gi ib oh ' } oi er t ree + eal Rial Aah ‘ ref. norhl My *) eu wehehy , ' ibe ith i ' ' i yf fi nt Nis nt \3 ; ut pest MM a : us < Gy ie i rity ir eet Mea wu mh Aart ey crue ¥ ie Ta 4 Baa i" } ML Lok Wee Bh ee ys iy "i ’ i a . wee are Wig) Wr ATE yi! rt " niet : ANT , Hamat Mle faint 4 en LM ates 5 MED aie AlN coe at OCA Phi aS wiley Ra ‘ ath ibaa ue Puts m 4 ob eed Waite if ai ay eo ge z= eae ~ - io tegen pag ae ae + it ae ie " a EAS ste ify f vile mM m. § Peeilok td oe } ule ue We rm t AG ab BLE ta pl it Use ee i ay, hale ge? i) is re ai ne, HH hy bi iy itt fit 4 ey PAA ii ry eit « wee Gai ante th f ne Mi tt sh Le em ie ‘ Hines KAT ia’ 4 1 4 yin , fin aaa Pte eve ii tae iy hee Ansan ott at Paid 1 deans ix ee Ne a ia Mae i (~. eee pos. 4 7 tr , ‘a a ae i eh ue oy a iserenr se MS ng oe ee, 2; a ar — | iy Wee ip mia Pat it or oe sak i y 1 % 4 uxt : a te oe eee BA 2 ASA ss ; Designed to expedite botanical publication Vol. & 43 Bete Bat May, 1954 © No. 1 CONTENTS , ‘Stavin, B. H., The Seneca Hybrid Maple................ Rass Getta sO ead: 1 “Monacuno, J. V.. A new variety of Arcytophyllum | from Per oo... sve PROC AN DARED oe Re Sie ne VANE PIE ARM Ma Fe - MotpeNxe, H.N., Book review: Ernest Thompson ef TE ie 5 ag). RON SEP A pum MeO ESL rc fi aay a 5 / MoLENKe, H. N., Additional notes on the genus — pee Bouchea. ty SUE tee pret DRY aC webae san haut diss. Leek ek 6 " MowveNke, H. N., Notes on new and noteworthy plants. XVIT- Seale . cinlp AUS elias cin ss cys aole yb bGiR Sw nid's Bere nays coh esltdeaaleclmsaeusieue dsl catcnscsswiaerbdee a - Mouvenre, H. N., The known geographic distribution ‘ is ig Es of the members of the Verbenaceae, yi Fees — Avicenniaceae, Stilbaceae, Symphoremaceae, and ae _ Eriocaulaceae. Supplement YE A AEE aS, i TEN at ea aN ah 28. “Mote, H. N. Additional notes on the genus pee Fis a dl yy ) Published by Harold N. Moldenke and Alma L. Moldenke So Say _ 15 Glenbrook Avenue Monkers 5, New York yt 5 4 «= ae jes a te ee i 7 ms Pe » ‘ +e yy: t : : P : r, Tet bg : 4 : ate etfs eee . 1 erly bop ne atest ‘ wh + w ‘ r \ ‘ vo j i! BYE . ay ¥ £ ; ‘ Pt. eae ‘ ot é ‘ Ne oe hs, L 6s se 5 ” 4 ae ‘ tae: a ’ Ms ty As re Lalo * ee eae ie Lowe Fy) : > ap ae D Sabana? i PS Megan Fp kein, ny idea PS Fn ee el Na " ‘ ; = ves + ré : fe be * Rpt syed! er eae THE SENECA HYBRID MAPLE. Bernard H. Slavin. Arbor hybrida foliis A. leucoderme, Small et A, saccharum, Marshall intermediis. To complete the record (Slavim, B. H. A New Hybrid Maple. The National Horticultural Magazine. Peni 29 No. 3, pp. 103, 107: iiius.: p.. 106) the above Latin description is published. Herbarium specimens are deposited in the Highland Park Herbar- ium, Rochester, New York, and in the herbarium of the Bailey Hortorium at Ithaca, New York. From the reference cited above is taken the following description: "Acer X senecaensis is now ten meters high, with a trunk diameter of three decimeters. [t has a relatively short bole, with ascending and spreading branches, which give it a spread approximately equal to its height. The bark is dark grayish-brown, some what scaly, and becoming furrowed on the older branches. The one year wood is light brown or green- ish brown, and winter scales dark brown. The leaves are 3-5 lobed, averaging 8-13 centimeters in width, with the base subcordate or occasionally truncate. The lobes are acuminate to long-acuminate and var- iously sinuate-dentate. The foliage is green above and light green and glabrous beneath, with tufts of hair in the axils of the veins. The petioles meas- ure 9-11 centimeters long. The inner unfolding bud scales are linear, acute at the apex, and 2-3 centi- meters long, being scarlet above the middle and pale green below. The flowers are small and yellow on slender, pendulous, glabrous pedicels, which measure up to 5 centimeters in length. The fruit is glab- rous, with slightly divergent wings, measuring three centimeters in length." A NEW VARIETY OF ARCYTOPHYLLUM FROM PERU Joseph V. Monechino ARCYTOPHYLLUM THYMIFOLIUM var. SCOLNIKII Monachino, var. nov. Frutex, ceulibus prostratis radicantibus puber- ulis; stipulis bi- vel tri-deltoideo-lanceolatis; foliis anguste lanceolatis 3-5 mm. longis, ca. 0.8 mm. latis, medio letissimis, ad apicem subacutis, muticis, basin versus angustatis; petiolo brevi; cymis paucifloris; lobis calicis } vel 5 subacutis; corolla glabra, tubo ca. 4.5 mm. longo, lobis } vel , Ca, 3 mn. longis. Prostrate subshrub, stems rooting, minutely pu- berulent, subterete, elongated, resembling runners, slender, the densely leafy short branches arising from the creeping stems; interpetiolar stipules 2-3 cleft into narrow deltoid-lanceolate lobes ca. 0. mm. long; leaves thickish, narrowly sublanceolate or oblanceolate, 3-5 mm, long, ca. 0.8 mm. broad, broadest at or above the middle, gradually narrowed toward the base into a short petiole, ecutish at epex, muticous, not mucronate or piliferous, gla- brous (obscurely roughened), margins sometimes lightly involute; flowers (short=-styled form) in few- flowered cymes, =- or 5=merous, cystoliths or cysto- lith-like markings often present, pedicels very short; sepals lanceolate, l=-2 mm. long, acutish, muticous; corolla jnfundibuliforn, glabra. tube 43-5 mm. long, lobes ovate, ca. 2.6 mm, long, 1.3 mm. broad, acutish at epex, glabrous (microscopic- ally papillose inside); filaments inserted at ori- fice of corolla-tube of the short-styled flower, ca. 1 mm, long, anthers 1.3 mm. long, style 2= branched at summit, 2.5 mm. long, the branches slightly over 1 mm, long, minutely papillose-pubes- cent. Type: Rosa Scolnik 1309, Peru, dept. Cajamarca, Camino Cajamarca to Celendin, 2750 to }0CO m; 13 & ly Nov. 1948; “rostrera, fl. blancas." The only prostrate species of Arcytophyllum re- ported for Peru by Paul C. Standley ‘a Henbride' s Flora of Peru (Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser., vol. 13, pt. 6, pp. 69-70. 1936) is A. filiforme (R. & P.) Standl., easily distinguished by its piliferous leaves and glabrous stems, A. thymi- folium var, Scolnikii is very closely related with the species A. payne ona (R. & P.) Stendl., which shrub, 2 however is an erec The creeping habit of 1954 Monachino, New variety of Arcytophyllum 3 the variety is evident from the type specimen and it Was also noted by the collector, The stipules are more deeply and distinctly cleft. A. thymifolium and A. ericoides (Willd. ex R. & S.) standl. have stipules entire or sometimes faintly dentate at the apex, The variety is associated with A. ehymitoliv rather than A. ericoides as the latter, based on a later name, is only doubtfully distinct from the former. In the above publication Standley placed Hedyotis lunipersi felts Ruiz & Pavon doubtfully in the synony- my of A. thymifolium., H. juniperifolia however wes described originally as procumbent. The stipules were described as ovate, acute, The illustration showed the stem profusely branching, not elongated like runners as in var. Scolnikii, and did not indi- cate roots on the stems, Nevertheless, when authen- tic material of H. juniperifolia becomes available it should be compared with the present variety. Arcytophyllum comprises some twenty-five species confined to the high mountains, chiefly in the South American Andes and Central American cordilleres, It and Oldenlandis are the only members of the rubia- ceous tribe Hedyotidese reported for the South Amer- ican area, The contribution of the Rubiaceae by Stendley in the Flora mentioned ebove, and also his treatment of the family for Colombia, LEcuedor, Bo-= livia, and Venezuela, in vol. 7 of the seme journal (1930 and 1931) have facilitated the comparison of our plant with all the other described species of Arcytophyllum. Accepting Standley's synonymy, twenty-two species were studied, and in addition five species which do not appear in the above works by Standley, and also several old names under other genera possibly referable to Arcytophyllum A. nocosum Rusby appears little more an a form of A. setosum (R. & P.) Standl. "A. flavescens" mentioned by Rusby in 1934 in Phytologia and “Arcythophyllum crassifolium (Spruce) K. Schum," listed by Weber- bauer in 1945 in his El Mundo Vegetal de los Andes Peruanos were apparently never formally published, Besides A. filiforme (see also A. juniperifoliun), four species have been described as prostrate. These differ from the Scolnik plant by obvious char- acters, A. muticum (Wedd.) Standl. has broader leeves, broadest near the base, and glabrous stems (stipules puberulent). A. aristatum Standl. has piliferous leaves and glabrous stems; it is doubt- fully a distinct species from A. filiforme, A. recurvatum Suessenguth, from Costa Rica, has gla- brous stems which appeer bialate, according to de- PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 1 scription. A. microphyllum (Willd. ex R. & S.) Stendl. has ovate leaves, single flowers with almost rotate corollas, and trigonous seeds; it has hardly the habit of an Arcytophyllum, and may eventually be placed in another genus, e Guatemalan A. Shannoni (Donn, Smith) Standl., with oval to elliptic-obliong leaves, was referred to the synonymy of Houstonia serpyllacea (Schlecht.) C. L. Smith by Standley in the North American Flora in 1918. Hedyotis Cervan- tesii H.B.K., from Mexico, was noted to resemble A. thymifolium; it was described as caespitose, with stems quedrengular and corolla=tube puberulent with-= in. In Gay's Flora Chilena (187), Arcytophyllum is treated as Hedyotis, under which five species are described. Only the first two can claim our atten- tion, H. lericifolia Cavan. and H. thymifolia Ruiz & Pav. Both of these are erect plants. The present novelty is named in honor of Dr. Rosa Scolnik, of Cordoba, Argentine. Dr. Scolnik collect= ed an interesting set of specimens during 1948 and 1949 in Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador and Colom- bia. Several of the specimens collected by her will surely prove to represent species new to science, One other novelty has already been described based on Dr. Scolnik's collection (Tillandsia zamorensis L. B. Smith, published in this journal). A Diastema (Scolnik 915, Peru), outstanding in its narrow calyx=lobes, wes not identified with any known species; C. V. Morton was likewise unable to name it and reported that it is probably undescribed, Another plant from Peru (Scolnik 936) appeered to be ean Hansteinia, but it was unlike any species sat The New York Botanical Garden; this, and also some other Acantheceee presently in the hands of E, C. Leonard, will likely prove new, Cavendishia and Gaultheria not matched at New York will be studied by A. C. Smith. Two fruiting specimens of Pernettya chubute ensis Spegazzini were collected by Dr. Scolnik (263 and 309, Neuquén, Argentina). The species is nothing even remotely ericaceous, but cleerly a Maytenus,. It is related with M. disticha (Hook. f.) on. but hes leaves rounded at the base, faintly serrulate on the margins, and with a midrib not raised on the upper side, The leaves are roughened by minute erect stiff heirs; this indumentum is pre- sent on both sides of the leaves (sparser beneath), contrary to the original description "ad hypophyllum glabris." The capsule is 2-valved; the seed is in- vested with a membraneous aril, endosperm abundant, embryo yellowish, The Scolnik specimens hed been taken for a new species of Meytenus until Dr. Alicia 195) Monachino, New variety of Arcytophyllun 5 Lourteig pointed out the synonymy. Dr. Lourteig further recounted how she too, on the basis of other collections, had prepared at Tucuman to de- scribe the plant as a new Maytenus, and how N. Y. Sandwith et Kew hed also separatec it as newt Then, by accident, Dr. H. Sleumer discovered the Spelazzini species (described in 1897) amongst the Ericaceee, The transfer to Maytenus will be mede by Lourteig, OtDonell and Sleumer, BOOK REVIEW: ERNEST THOMPSON SETON'S AMERICA Harold N. Moldenke "Ernest Thompson Seton's America: Selections from the writings of the Artist-Naturalist", by Farida A. Wiley, with contributions by Julia M. Seton and drawings by Ernest Thompson Seton. Devin- Adair Co., New York, 195). $5. 13 plus 23 pp. Miss Wiley has done here for Ernest Thompson Seton what she did previously for John Burroughs. She has brought together with- in the covers of a single )36-page volume selections from the best writings of this naturalist. Seton's work was the first accurate observation of Canadian wild life and on that alone his fame could rest, but he added to that many years of observation in the areas of Connecticut and New Mexico. His Woodcraft League was actually the forerunner of the Boy Scouts movement of today. He is still regarded by scouts, foresters, and woodsmen alike as a master of woodcraft and lore. Certain armchair naturalists are prone to criticize Seton's writings as too humanistic, anthropomorphic, and teleologic in their description of the action of wild animals. To this review- er that is not a fault. Because of this charming manner of writ- ing about animals, hundreds -~ yes, probaly thousands -- of per- sons were attracted to his books, read them, and came to love the great out-of-doors. Thousands of readers came to respect the les= ser animals of this planet more than they did before and came to sympathize with their problems of survival. If more people who otherwise would have had little or no interest in the wildlife of our continent became aware of it, of its beauty and charm and value, and were made to appreciate the need for conservation through his manner of writing about it, then there can be no question about its worth! One of the most widespread criticisms justly leveled at armchair scientists today by the public is that they do not know how to write in a way to attract the public. If they would take time to study the techniques of Burroughs, Seton, Thoreau, Burgess, Swift, and others of our more popular nature-writers they would soon find where the fault lies. When they write a scientific monograph for publication in an obscure scientific journal, let them be as stilted and objective as they 6 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 1 like for absolutely unimpeachable scientific accuracy, but when they write to attract children or the general public whose aver- age mentality is not much higher than that of older children, let them write in such a way as to attract, not repel. Scientif- ic accuracy need not be sacrificed in so doing. The writer just needs some of the understanding spirit of Burroughs and Seton. ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THE GENUS BOUCHEA. II Harold N. Moldenke BOUCHEA PRISMATICA (L.) Kuntze Roig in his Diccionario Botanico de Nombres Vulgares Cubanos, page 910 (1953), records the common name "verbena cimarrona", which, however, he states is also applied to Stachytarpheta jam- aieenni (L.) Vahl and S. orubica (L.) Vahl. He reports that ; the species is medicinal. On page age 991 of volume 2 (1953) of the same work he misspells the synonymous name "Bouchea ehrembergii Cham." in synonymy. ca Additional citations: COLOMBIA: Bolivar: Billberg 100 (Lu). BOUCHEA PRISMATICA var. BREVIROSTRA Grenz. Additional citations: MEXICO: México: Matuda 26654 (Z), 28967 (Z), 29343 (Z). Morelos: J. Mann ll (2). BOUCHEA SPATHULATA Torr. 13 l2 195k Moldenke, Notes on Bouchea 7 12 -— corolla spread open, x 2.1 13 -—- pistil, x 2.1 —- coccus, x 5.6 15 — calyx, x 5.6 McDougall & Sperry say that this species is known only [in Texas] from areas east of the Chisos Mountains in the Big Bend Natio- nal Park. Additional citations: TEXAS: Brewster Co.: He C. Hanson 718 (Ka--60660); Moore & Steyermark 346 (Du--22264h); C. C. Parry S.n. [Great Cafion of the Rio Grande near Mt. Carmel] (Io--isotype). MEXICO: Coahu- ila: Hinton 1650) (N); Purpus 4750 (E— 118635, F--3))253, G, Me, Me). NOTES ON NEW AND NOTEWORTHY PLANTS. XVII Harold N. Moldenke CALLICARPA CLEMENSORUM Moldenke, sp. nov. Frutex vel arbor; ramulis percrassis medullosis valde tetrag- onis floccoso-tomentosis glabrescentibus breviter aculeolatis; foliis decussatis; petiolis percrassis dense floccoso-tomentosis; laminis subcariaceis late ellipticis breviter acuminatis, ad basin rotundatis, regulariter serratis, supra densiuscule furfur- aceis glabrescentibus, subtus dense furfuraceo-tomentosis; in- florescentiis axillaribus cymosis; cymis perlaxis bifurcatis. Shrub or tree; branchlets very coarse, stout, medullose, con- spicuously tetragonal, flattened toward the apex, floccose-tom- entose on the younger parts, glabrescent in age, with scattered short aculeations which wear off on the older wood; nodes con- spicuously annulate; principal internodes .5--7 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite; petioles very stout and heavy, 3.5--6 em. long, densely floccose-tomentose with grayish hair like the branchlets; blades subcoriaceous, grayish-green on both surfaces, broadly elliptic, 1l--19.5 cm. long, 8--10 cm. wide, short- acuminate at the apex, rounded at the base, regularly serrate from just above the base to the apical acumination, rather dense- 8 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 1 ly furfuraceous above when young, but this tomentum soon wearing off irregularly and the mature leaves glabrous above except for the midrib, densely furfuraceous-tomentose beneath with grayish hair; midrib rather stout, slightly prominent or flat and per- sistently furfuraceous above, very conspicuously rounded-promin- ent beneath; secondaries slender, 9--1l per side, arcuate- ascending, flat above, prominent beneath, inconspicuously anas- tomosing at the margins; veinlet reticulation very abundant, mostly obscure above, prominulous beneath; inflorescence axill- ary, cymose; cymes 2 per node, about as long as the subtending petioles, about twice bifurcate, very loose and open, the ulti- mate furcations terminated by a very dense head-like cluster of 15--20 subsessile flowers; peduncle rather stout, about 3 cm. long, densely floccose-tomentose; inflorescence-branches elon- gate, 1--2.5 cm. long, densely floccose-tomentose with grayish hairs like the peduncles; bracts very conspicuous, a pair be- neath each furcation of the cyme and numerous among the flowers, --15 mm. long, linear-subulate, densely floccose-tomentose; calyx campanulate, 2--2.5 mm. long, very densely grayish-tomen- tuse, its rim -toothed; corolla scarcely surpassing the calyx, glabrous; stamens ), long-exserted; filaments about 5 mm. long, glabrous; pistil one, long-exserted, about equaling the stamens or somewhat surpassing them; style 6--7 mm. long, glabrous; stigma peltate-capitate. The type of this distinctive species was collected by Joseph and Mary Knapp Clemens (no. 34036) in the Penataran River basin, British North Borneo, on July 22, 1933, and is deposited in the Herbarium Bogoriense (sheet no. 1833) at Buitenzorg. CLERODENDRUM TRIPHYLLUM var. CILIATUM (H. H. W. Pearson) Molden- ke, comb. nov. Clerodendron hirsutum var. ciliatum H. H. W. Pearson in Thiselton-Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: 221. 1901. GEUNSIA APOENSIS (Elm.) Moldenke, comb. nov. Callicarpa apotnsis Elm., Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3: 861. 1910. GEUNSIA. CUMINGIANA var. DENTATA (Bakh.) Moldenke, comb. nov. Callicarpa pentandra var. cumingiana f, dentata Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., ser. 3, 3: 17. 1921. GEUNSIA HEXANDRA f. SERRULATA lioldenke, f. nov. Haec forma a forma typica speciei laminis foliorum plusminus serrulatis recedit. This form differs from the typical form of the species in hav- ing its leaf-blades more or less serrulate along most of the margins or, at least, above the middle. The type of the form was collected by G. H. de Vriese and J. E. Teijsmann on Celebes and is sheet number 908.265-360 in the Rijksherbarium at Leiden. GEUNSIA PALOENSIS var. CELEBICA (Koord.) Moldenke, comb. nov. 195), Moldenke, New & Noteworthy Plants Premna bornetnsis H. J. Lam 10 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no.1 Callicarpa pentandra var, palotnsis f. celebica (Koord.) Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., ser. 3, 3: 1. 1921. GEUNSIA PALOENSIS var. SERRATA Moldenke, var. nov. Haec varietas a forma typica speciei recedit laminis folior- um tenuiter membranceis late elliptico-ovatis distincte serratis. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having the leaves very thin-membranous in texture, broadly elliptic-ovate, and distinctly serrate-margined from near the base to the apex. The type of the variety was collected by Sijfert Hendrik Koorders (no. 19499b) at Loeboe, Menado, Minahassa, Celebes, on March 21, 1895, and is sheet number 18252 in the Herbarium Bog- oriense at Buitenzorg. GEUNSIA PENTANDRA var. ALBIDELLA Moldenke, var. nov. Haec varietas a forma typica speciei recedit laminis folior- um subtus plusminusve dense albido-tomentellis vel albo- furfuraceis et resinoso-glanduliferis. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having the lower leaf-surface more or less densely white-tomen- tellous or white-furfuraceous as well as resinous-glandular. The type of the variety was collected by S. F. Kajewski (no. 2340) in the rainforest at sea-level at Quoimonapu, Malaita, British Solomon Islands, on December 11, 1930, and is sheet number 18318 in the Herbarium Bogoriense at Buitenzorg. The pub- escence on the lower leaf-surface is precisely that seen in G. furfuracea (Bakh.) Moldenke, but the flowers and fruit are much smaller and the anthers much shorter, exactly as in G. pentandra (Roxb.) Merr. ie GEUNSIA RAMOSI Moldenke, sp. nov. Frutex vel arbor; ramulis gracilibus tetragonis obscure pul- verulento-puberulis vel glabrescentibus; nodis annulatis; foliis decussatis; petiolis gracilibus obscure minuteque pulverulento- puberulis vel pilosis vel glabrescentibus; laminis tenuiter chartaceis bicoloribus nigrescentibus (supra), subtus argenteis, anguste ellipticis, ad apicem longe attenuatisvel subacuminatis integris, ad basin attenuato-acutis, supra glabris, subtus dense adpresso-furfuraceis; inflorescentiis axillaribus cymosis. Shrub or tree; branchlets rather slender, more or less tetrag- onal, very obscurely pulverulent-puberulent or glabrescent; nodes annulate; principal internodes abbreviated, 6--13 mm. long; leaves decussate-opposite; petioles slender, 1.3--2 cm. long, very obscurely and minutely pulverulent-puberulent, sometimes also scattered-pilose toward the base, or glabrescent; blades thin-chartaceous, bicolored in drying, nigrescent above and sil- very beneath, narrowly elliptic, 6--13.5 cm. long, 1.7--2.5 cm. wide, gradually narrowed to a long-attenuate or subacuminate a- pex, entire, attenuate-acute at the base, glabrous above, dense- ly appressed-furfuraceous to form a silvery mat beneath; midrib very slender, flat above, prominulous beneath; secondaries very 1954, Moldenke, New & Noteworthy Plants 1 g 12 PRY? OL OG IA Vol. 5, no. 1 slender, 9 or 10 per side, arcuate-ascending, disappearing at the margins, not anastomosing; veinlet reticulation abundant, indiscernible above, plainly prominulous above the furf beneath; inflorescence axillary, cymose; cymes solitary in the upper axils, two per node, much shorter than the subtending leaves, a- bout 5 cm. long and wide; peduncles slender, about 2 cm. long; inflorescence-branches widely dichotomous, very minutely puberu- lous or glabrate, sometimes scattered-pilose; pedicels glabrate, about 1 mm. long; flowers not seen; bractlets linear, about 3 mm. long, glabrate; fruiting-calyx patelliform, about 2 m. wide, glabrate; fruit drupaceous, subglobose, about 3 m. long and wide, fleshy, glabrous. The type of this species was collected by Maximo Ramos and Gregorio E. Edafio on Mount Bagacay, in Camarines Province, Luz- on, Philippine Islands, in November or December, 1918, and is sheet number 33838 of the Philippine Bureau of Science dis tribu- tion, deposited in the Britton Herbarium at the New York Botani- cal Garden, LANTANA SVENSONII f. ALBIFLORA Moldenke, f. nov. Haec forma a forma typica speciei corollis albis recedit. This form differs from the typical form of the species in hav- ing white corollas. The type of the form was collected by my good friend and col- league, Padre J. Soukup (no. 199) along the highway at Olmos, at an altitude of about 200 | meters, Lambayeque, Peru, on March 35 1953, and is deposited in the Britton Herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden. The collector describes the plant as a bush 60 to 70 cm. tall, with white flowers, and says only one example was seen. LYCHNIS ALBA f. RUBELLA Moldenke, f. nov. Haec forma a forma typica speciei corollis rubellis recedit. This form differs from the typical form of the species in having its corollas pink. The type of the form was collected by me (no. 21371) in out- door cultivation at Plainfield, Union County, New Jersey, on May 18, 1953, and is deposited in Set no. 8 of my plant distribution materials. PREMNA 9 ne H. J. Lam PREMNA COWANII Hatusima This species was originally described as Wendlandia papuana Laut. in K. Schum, & Lauterb., Nachtr. Fl. Deutsch. Stidsee 390, but that binomial bears a specific epithet which is not avail- able in the genus Premna because of Premna papuana Wernh. based on a different type. A further synonym is Premna vagans Bakh, In this regard see Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 16: 306(1932). Citation: NEW GUINEA: R. Schlechter 1395 (Bz—-22096—-type) . 195) Moldenke, New & Noteworthy Plants Premna dallachyana Benth, 13 4 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, now 1 PREMNA CUMINGIANA f. DENTATA Moldenke, f. nov. Haec forma a forma typica speciei laminis foliorum crasse dentatis recedit. This form differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaf-blades coarsely dentate along almost the whole margins. The type of the form was collected by Elmer Drew Merrill (Sp. Blanc. 681) at Angat, Bulacan Province, Luzon, Philippine Is- lands, in “ecember, 191), and is sheet ee 22105 in the Her- barium Bogoriense at Buitenzorg. PREMNA CUMINGIANA var. SLARBRESCENS Moldenke, var. nov. Haec varietas a forma typica speciei recedit laminis foliorum maturis solum in venis parcissime puberulis vel pilosulis. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its mature leaf-blades very sparsely puberulous or pilos= ulous only on the venation. The type of the eEsety was collected by D. P. Miranda on Basilan, Philippine Islands, in September, 1912, and is number 1899 in the Herb. Philippine Forestry Bureau's distribution, sheet number 22106 in the Herbarium Bogoriense at Buitenzorg. PREMNA DALLACHYANA Benth, Literature: Benth., Fl. Austr. 5: 59. 1870; F. Muell., First Census 103. 1882; F. Muell., Sec. Census 173. 1889; F. M. Bailey, Syn. Queensl. Pl. 35. 1890; F. M. Bailey, Queensl. Fl. 4: 1176. 1901; F. K. Bailey, Compreh. Catal. 386. 1913; Domin, Bibl. Bot. 89 (6): 1110. 1928. Synonyms: Gumira dallachyana (Benth.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 507. 1891; Premna dallachyana var. typica lenin in Fedde, Repert. 12: 133. 3. 1913; Premna dallachiana Benth., in herb. The species is endemic in tropical Queensland. It inhabits rocky seashore headlands at Edgecomb Bay. Domin in the reference quoted above cites A. Dietrich 2826 from Queensland. Citations: AUSTRALIA: Queensland: N. Michael 120) (Bz—-22122). PREMNA DEPAUPERATA var. OSWALDIANA Moldenke, var. nov. Haec varietas as forma typica speciei petiolis 1.8--2 cm. longis recedit. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its petioles 1,.8-~2 em. long. The type of the variety was collected by Johann Gerard Fried- rich Riedel at Gorontalo, Celebes, and is sheet number 22126 in the Herbarium Bogoriense at Buitenzorg. PREMNA DEPAUPERATA var. SERRULATA Moldenke, var. nov. Haec varietas a forma typica speciei laminis foliorum serru- latis recedit. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaf-blades serrulate above the middle. The type of tie variety was collected by G. Lopez on Culion Island, Philippines, in October, 1922, and is number 1360 in the 195) Moldenke, New & Noteworthy Plants ' Premna decurrens H. J. Lam 15 16 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 1 Philippine Bureau of Science's distribution. It is sheet number 22987 in the Herbarium Bogoriense at Buitenzorg. PREMNA DECURRENS H. J. Lam The species has been collected at an altitude of 800 meters at the type locality. Additional citations: SUMATRA: LUrzing 585 (Bz—22123--type, Bz—2212l,—isotype, N—fragment of isotype). PREMNA DERRYANA King & Gamble 7 The species has been collected in Yerak at altitudes of 3738 to O76 feet, blooming in September. Additional citations: FEDERATED MALAY STATES: Perak: Sinclair & Kiah 38612 (Bz--72925). PREMNA OBLONGIFOLIA var. CLEMENSORUM Moldenke, var. nov. Haec varietas a forma typica speciei recedit venis secundariis e costa angulo 90° abeuntibus et prope marginem antrorse arcuat- is. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its secondaries issue at almost right angles from the mid- “rib and extend toward the margins, then bend antrorsely in arcu- ate fashion near the margins. The type of the variety was collected by Joseph and Mary Knapp Clemens (no. 29858) in the jungle at an altitude of 5000 feet at Tenompok, Mount Kinabalu, British North Borneo, on June 10, 1932, and is sheet number 22586 in the Herbarium Bogoriense at Buitenzorg. PREMNA OBLONGIFOLIA var. SUBGLABRA (H. J. Lam) Moldenke, comb. nov. Premna oblongata var. subglabra H. J. Lam, Verbenac. Malay Arch. 127. 1919. PREMNA OSWALDI Moldenke, sp. nov. Frutex vel arbor; ramulis sarmentisque crassiusculis tetrag=- onis griseis densissime brunneo-tomentosis; foliis oppositis vel approximatis; petiolis crassiusculis dense tomentosis; laminis membranaceis ellipticis utrinque dense brunneo-pubescentibus acutis vel breviter acuminatis integris, ad basin rotundatis vel subtruncatis; inflorescentiis terminalibus cymosis tomentosis. Tree or shrub; branchlets and twigs rather thick, tetragonal, gray, very densely brown-tomentose, the pubescence wearing off from the older wood; leaf-scars large, subcircular; nodes not annulate; principal internodes apparently much abbreviated; leaves decussate-opposite or approximate; petioles rather stout, 1.5-—-3 cm. long, densely tomentose; blades membranous, dark- green on both surfaces, elliptic, densely brownish-pubescent with multicellular hairs above, densely brownish-tomentose be- neath, .5--8 cm. long, 3--.3 cm. wide, acute or short-acuminate at the apex, entire, rounded or subtruncate at the base; midrib rather stout, somewhat prominulent above, prominent beneath, more 17 Moldenke, New & Noteworthy Plants 1954 Premna derryana King & Gamble 18 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, now 1 densely pubescent than the lamina on both surfaces; secondaries slender, about | per side, ascending, not much arcuate except at the very margins, usually furcate toward the margins, prominu- lous on both surfaces and more densely pubescent than the lamina; veinlet reticulation mostly hidden by the tomentum on both sur- faces or the tertiaries prominulous beneath; inflorescence ter- minal, cymose, 7—9 cm. long and wide; peduncles rather stout, 2--3 cm. long, very densely brovmish-tomentose; branches of the inflorescence elongate, stout and tomentose like the peduncle; pedicels very short and densely tomentose or obsolete; individu- al cymes densely many-flowered, at the tips of the inflorescence branches, densely brown-tomentose throughout; calyx very small, subpatelliform, villous, about 1 mm. long and 2 mm. wide; corol- la small, 2--3 mm. long; stamens and pistil long-exserted. The type of this very distinct species was collected by Sij- fert Hendrik Koorders (no. 25810b) at Boschterrein Takoka, dis- trict of Djampang-wetan, Meatd. Tyr Tjiandjoer, Preanger, Java, on November 10, 1896, and is sheet number 2295) in the Herbarium Bogoriense at Buitenzorg. The species is named in honor of Fred- erick William Oswald (1919--), botanical artist and painstaking student of the New Jersey flora, maker of the Premna drawings in- cluded in this issue of Phytologia. In addition to his work in the state of New Jersey, he has searched for and collected plants in Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, West Virginia, Mary- land, Pennsylvania, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Ver- mont, and New Hampshire, often gathering ripe seeds and sowing them later in localities or even states where he did not notice the species previously. PREMNA PARASITICA var. HATUSIMAE Moldenke, var. nov. Haec varietas a forma typica speciei laminis foliorum maturis supra pubescentibus et subtus densissime flavido-tomentosis re- cedit. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its mature leaf-blades pubescent above and very densely flavidous-tomentose beneath. The type of the variety was collected by Cornelis Nicolaas Abraham de Voogd (no. 2031) at Batou, Bali, Lesser Sunda Islands, on May 25, 1935, and is sheet number 22623 in the Herbarium Bog- oriense at Buitenzorg. PREMNA PARVIFLORA H. J. Lam Additional citations: CELEBES: Rachmat [Van Vuuren] 167 (Bz-- 2262h--type, Bz--22625--isotype, N--fragment of type). PREMNA RACEMOSA var. SIKKIMENSIS Moldenke, var. nov. Haec varietas a forma typica foliis subsessilibus recedit. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaves subsessile. The type of the variety was collected by Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker at altitudes of 6000 to 8000 feet in Sikkim, India, and is deposited in the Meisner Herbarium at the New York Botanical Gar- 195k Moldenke, New & Noteworthy Plants x 5/14 Premna oblongifolia var. clemensorum Moldenke 19 20 SEY? 04 O63 Vol. 5, no. 1 den. PREMNA RUTTENII H. J. Lam Additional citations: BORNEO: Rutten 621 (Ut--l1055). PREMNA STERCULIFOLIA var. BAKHUIZENI Moldenke, var. nov. Haec varietas a forma typica speciei laminis foliorum utrin- gue hirsuto-pubescentibus recedit. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaf-blades hirsute-pubescent on both surfaces. The type of the variety was collected by Reinier Cornelis Bakhuizen van den Brink (no, 6373) at Pasir Tjaréwéd, Latavia, Java, on June 7, 192), and is sheet number 22758 in the fer bape um Bogoriense at Buitenzorg. PREMNA SUBSCANDENS var. MINUTIFLORA Moldenke, var. nov. Haec varietas a forma typica speciei recedit laminis foliorum nigrescentibus, ad basin acutis vel acuminatis, floribus multo minoribus, calyce usque ad 1 mm. longo, corolla toto 2 mm. longa. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaf-blades acute or acuminate at the base and nigres cent in drying and its flowers much smaller, the calyx 1 mn. long or less and the corolla in all only 2 mm. long. The type of the variety was collected by Ahern's Collector at Antipolo, in the province of Rizal, Luzon, Philippine Islands, in April, 1904, and is number })3 of the Philippine Forestry Bureau's distribution. It is deposited in the Britton Herbariun at the New York Botanical Garden. PREMNA TATEANA F. M. Bailey The original description of this species is found in Bull. Dept. Agric. Brisbane Bot. h: 15 (1891). Additional citations: AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Michael 287 (Bz- 22772). x PRUNUS CULTORUM Moldenke, nom. nov. Prunus salicina Lindl. x P. armeniaca L. ex Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees & es & Shrubs, ed. 2, 57. I9h0. VITEX REHMANNI £. SUBTOMENTOSA Moldenke, f. nov. Haec forma a forma typica speciei laminis foliorum subtus dense albo-subtomentosis recedit. This form differs from the typical form of the species in having the lower leaf-surface densely white-subtomentose. The type of the form was collected by J. E. Repton (no. 2781) on the upper south slope of the Wonderboom Reserve, Pretoria, Transvaal, on January , 1946, and is deposited in the National Herbarium. at Pretoria. ZINNIA ELEGANS f. PLENIFLORA Moldenke, f. nov. Haec forma a forma typica speciei capitulis plusminusve toto ligulatis recedit. 1954 Moldenke, New & Noteworthy Plants Premna oswaldi Moldenke 21 22 PAY TOLOG Ax Vol. 5, n0eum This form differs from the typical form of the species in having its flower-heads almost completely ligulate, existing in numerous horticultural races. The type of the form was collected by me (no. 6466) in out- door cultivation at Watchung, Somerset County, New Jersey, on September 20, 1931, and is deposited in the Britton Herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden. THE KNOWN GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF THE MEMBERS OF THE VERBENA- CEAE, AVICENNIACEAE, STILBACEAE, SYMPHOREMACEAE, AND ERIOCAUL- ACEAE. SUPPLEMENT 12 Harold N. Moldenke Continued work on herbarium material of these groups sent to me by collectors and curators has brought to light 36 new country records, 113 new island records, 78 new state or prov- ince records, and 2 new county or parish records, as well as num- erous corrections of previously published records. Specimens on oraieg these records are based are deposited in the Botanisk Mus- , University of Lund (Sweden), Estacion Experimental Agronom- en Santiago de las Vegas (Cuba}, Botanisch Museum en Herbarium, Utrecht (Netherlands), Melbourne Botanic Gardens, Melbourne (Victoria), Transvaal Museum, Pretoria (South Africa), Rijksher=- barium, Leiden (Netherlands), Herbarium Bogoriense, Buitenzorg (Java), National Herbarium, Pretoria (South Africa), Britton Eee etsua, New York Botanical Garden (New York), United States National Herbarium, Washington, and my personal herbariun. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: Georgia: Stylodon carneus (Medic.) Moldenke [Chatham County] Louisiana: Verbena bipinnatifida Nutt. [East Feliciana Parish] MEXICO: Clerodendrum bungei Steud. [Puebla] Lantana glandulosissima Hayek [Guanajuato] Phyla Phyla nodiflora var. rosea (D. Don) Moldenke [México] Verbena bipinnatifida Nutt. [México] Verbena elegans H.3.K. [Puebla] HONDURAS: Priva lappulacea (L.) Pers. [Moraz4n] Stachytarpheta frantzii Polak. [Olancho] Bouchea prismatica var. longirostra Grenz. [Moraz4n] Lantana hirta Grah. [Intibucd] Lantana velutina Mart. & Gal. [Moraz4n] 195) Moldenke, Geographic Distribution 23 Premna parviflora H. J. Lam 2h PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 1 EL SALVADOR: Citharexylum donnell-smithii Greenm. [La Libertad] TABOGA ISLAND: Lantana glandulosissima Hayek BAHAMAS : Avicennia nitida Jacq. [Easter] Phyla nodiflora var. reptans (H.B.K.) Moldenke (South Bimini] ST. THOMAS: Lantana involucrata var. odorata (L.) Moldenke COLOMBIA : Paepalanthus moldenkeanus R. E. Schultes [Vaupés]* Paepalanthus polytrichoides var. glaber Moldenke [Vaupés]* Paepalanthus saxicola Ktrn. [Amazonas] Paepalanthus williamsii Moldenke [Vaupés] VENEZUELA : Verbena litoralis H.B.K. [Sucre] ECUADOR: Duranta mandoni Moldenke [Imbabura] Lantana fucata Lindl. [Manabi] Lantana trifolia f. oppositifolia Moldenke [Napo-Pastaza] PUNA ISLAND: Lippia americana f. hyptoides (Benth.) Moldenke PERU: Lippia ferruginea H.B.K. [Amazonas] Verbena hayekii Moldenke [Huancavelica] BRAZIL: Eriocaulon guyanensis Ktrn. [Rio Branco] Lantana cujabensis Schau. [Amazonas] Paepalanthus barbulatus Herzog [Minas Geraes] Paepalanthus camptophyllus Ruhl. [Rio de Janeiro] Paepalanthus exiguus (Bong.) Ktrn. [Amazonas] Paepalanthus hilairei var. maximiliani Ruhl. [Federal Dist- rict] Paepalanthus saxicola Ktrn. -- delete the asterisk Syngonanthus anomalus (Ktrn.) Ruhl. [Amapd & Par4] Syngonanthus gracilis var. koernickeanus Ruhl. [Guaporé] BOLIVIA: Syngonanthus caulescens (Poir.) Ruhl. [El Beni] ARGENTINA: Clerodendrum fragrans var. pleniflorum Schau. [Misiones] Lantana fucata f. af. albiflora Moldenke [Tucum4n] Lantana junelliana Moldenke [Santiago del Estero] Verbena cheitmaniana Moldenke [Catamarca] ABYSSINIA: Lantana rugosa var. tomentosa Moldenke SPANISH GUINEA: Lantana camara var. aculeata (L.) lioldenke ZANZIBAR: Premna zanzibarensis Vatke* 195k Moldenke, Geographic Distribution Premna ruttenii H. J. Lam 25 26 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 1 ANGOLA: Lantana subtracta Hiern [Benguela] NORTHERN RHODESIA: Lippia whytei Moldenke BRITISH NYASALAND PROTECTORATE: Lantana mearnsii var. congolensis Moldenke PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA: Clerodendrum glabrum E. Mey. [Gazaland} Lantana mearnsii var. congolensis Moldenke [Mozambique] BECHUANALAND PROTECTORATE: Lantana rugosa var. tomentosa Moldenke SWAZILAND: Clerodendrum pearsoni Moldenke is to be deleted Clerodendrum triphyllum var. ciliatum (H. H. W. Pearson) Mol- denke Lippia rehmanni H. H. W. Pearson UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA: Clerodendrum africanum Moldenke is to be deleted Clerodendrum pearsoni Moldenke is to be deleted Clerodendrum triphyllum (Harv.) H. H. W. Pearson [Orange Free State] Clerodendrum triphyllum var. ciliatum (H. H. W. Pearson) Mol- denke [Cape of Good Hope, Natal, & Transvaal] Duranta repens var. alba (Masters) L. H. Bailey [Transvaal] Lantana camara var. aculeata (L.) Moldenke [Transvaal] Lantana dinteri Moldenke [Cape of Good Hope] Lippia Lippia bazeiana H. H. W. Pearson is to be deleted Lippia pedunculata H. H. W. Pearson [Transvaal]+# Lippia rehmanni H. H. W. Pearson [Cape of Good Hope] Phyla nodiflora var. rosea (D. Don) Moldenke [Orange Free State] Premna mooiensis (H. H. W. Pearson) Pieper [Transvaal] Premna mooiensis var. rudolphi (H. H. W. Pearson) Moldenke [Transvaal] Priva cordifolia var. australis Moldenke [Transvaal] Verbena brasiliensis Vell. [Transvaal] Vitex amboniensis Gtirke [Natal] Vitex rehmanni f. subtomentosa Moldenke [Transvaal]* REUNION: Duranta repens L. INDIA: Premna barbata Wall. (Sikkim, Siwalik & Jaunsar] Premna coriacea C. B. Clarke [Coimbatore] Premna pinguis C. B. Clarke [Assam] Premna racemosa Wall. [Khasi States] Premna racemosa var, sikkimensis lfoldenke [Sikkim]* BURMA : Premna bengalensis C. B. Clarke [Tenasserim] CHINA: 195 x 5/7 Moldenke, Geographic Distribution Premna tateana F. M. Bailey et 28 PB ETO lh Och Ek Vol. 5, no. 1 Premna bodinieri Lévl. is to be deleted Premna tomentosa Willd. [Kwangtung] FORMOSA: Callicarpa oshimensis Hayata -- delete the asterisk FRENCH INDO-CHINA: Premna racemosa Wall. [Tonkin] THATLAND: Premna bengalensis C. B. Clarke FEDERATED MALAY STATES: Geunsia farinosa Blume [Johore & Selangor] Premna cordifolia Roxb. [Kedah] Premna sterculifolia King & Gamble -- delete the asterisk Premna sterculifolia var. cordata King & Gamble -- add aster- isk Premna tomentosa Willd. [Negri Sembilan, Pahang, & Perak] LIUKIU ISLANDS: Callicarpa glabra Koidz. [Iriomote] Gallicarpa japonica Thunb. [Okinawa] Callicarpa japonica var. luxurians Rehd. [Iriomote] Callicarpa oshimensis me ata [Amani-oshima & Iriomote] Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. [Iriomote] Clerodendrum japonicum (Thunb. ) Sweet [Okinawa] Clerodendrum lindleyi Decaisne [Okinawa] Duranta repens L. [Okinawa] Premna microphylla Turcz. Lagan -ostrima Vitex Vitex trifolia var. heterophylla (Mak.) Moldenke [Okinawa] PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Callicarpa apotnsis Elm. is to be deleted Callicarpa pachyclada Quisumb. & Merr. [Bohol & Jolo] Callicarpa palotnsis Elm. is to be deleted Callicarpa surigaensis Merr. [Dinagat] Geunsia apo&#nsis (Elm.) Moldenke [Mindanao] Geunsia cumingiana var. dentata (Bakh.) Moldenke [Mindanao] Geunsia hexandra (Teijsm. & Binn.) Koord. [Mindanao] Geunsia hookeri Merr.* Geunsia palotnsis (Elm.) H. J. Lam [Balabac, Leyte, & Luzon] Geunsia pentandra (Roxb.) Merr. [Bohol & Jolo] Geunsia ramosi Moldenke [Luzon]+* Premna adenosticta Schau. -- delete the asterisk Premna cumingiana Schau. [Coron] Premna cumingiana f. dentata Moldenke [Luzon]* Premna cumingiana var. glabrescens Moldenke [Basilan & Min- danao Premna depauperata Merr. .[Busuanga] Premna depauperata var. serrulata Moldenke [Culion]* Premna nauseosa Blanco -- delete the asterisk Premna subscandens Merr. [Mindanao] Premna subscandens var. minutiflora Moldenke [Luzor.]* 195h Moldenke, Geographic Distribution 29 SIMALUR ISLAND: Geunsia farinosa Blume Premna sterculifolia King & Gamble Premna tomentosa Willd. SUMATRA : Geunsia cumingiana var. dentata (Bakh.) Moldenke Geunsia grandiflora H. Hallier Geunsia hexandra (Teijsm. & Binn.) Koord. Premna flavida Miq. is to be deleted Premna nauseosa Blanco Premna oblongifolia var. subglabra (H. J. Lam) Moldenke Premna parasitica Blume Premna tomentosa f. crenulata Koord. & Val. MADURA ISLAND: Premna timoriana Decaisne MANTAWI ISLANDS: Premna tomentosa Willd. [Sipora] JAVA: Geunsia cumingiana var. dentata (Bakh.) Moldenke Geunsia hexandra (Teijsm. & Binn.) Koord, Premna nauseosa Blanco Premna oblongifolia Merr. Premna oblongifolia var. subglabra (H. J. Lam) Molcenke Premna oswaldi Moldenke* Premna sterculifolia var. bakhuizeni Moldenke* Premna timoriana Decaisne Premna tomentosa f. crenulata Koord. & Val. CHRISTMAS ISLAND: Premna flavescens var. rubens C. B. Clarke is to be deleted Premna nauseosa Blanco BRITISH NORTH BORNEO: Callicarpa clemensorum lfoldenke* Geunsia furfuracea (Bakh.) Moldenke Premna oblongifolia Merr. Premna oblongifolia var. clemensorum lMoldenke*x SARAWAK: Geunsia furfuracea (Bakh.) Moldenke Geunsia serrulata H. Hallier Premna kunstleri King & Gamble BORNEO: Geunsia apotnsis (Elm.) Moldenke Geunsia homoeophylla H. Hallier —- delete the asterisk Geunsia quaternifolia H. Hallier -- delete the asterisk Geunsia serrulata H. Hallier -- delete the asterisk Premna oblongifolia var. subglabra (H. J. Lam) Moldenke CELEBES : Callicarpa apotnsis Elm. is to be deleted Callicarpa pachyclada Quisumb. & Merr. 30 P Bot 7.0 1:06:63 8 Vol. 5, now 1 Callicarpa palotnsis Elm. is to be deleted Geunsia acuminatissima (Teijsm. & Binn.) Koord. Geunsia apotnsis {Elm.) Moldenke Geunsia cinnamomea H. Hallier -- delete the asterisk Geunsia grandiflora H. Hallier -- delete the asterisk Geunsia hexandra (Teijsm. & Binn.) Koord. -- delete the ast- erisk Geunsia hexandra f. serrulata Moldenke* Geunsia homoeophylla H. Hallier Geunsia palotnsis (Elm.) H. J. Lam Geunsia palo&nsis var. celebica (Koord.) Moldenke Geunsia palo#tnsis var. serrata Moldenke* Geunsia quaternifolia H. [, Hallier Premna cumingiana var. glabrescens Moldenke Premna depauperata var. oswaldiana Moldenke* Premna nauseosa Blanco Premna rotundifolia Koord. & Val. Premna sterculifolia King & Gamble Premna sterculifolia var. cordata King & Gamble is to be de- leted MOENA : Premna adenosticta Schau. KABAENA ISLAND: Geunsia eee H. Hallier Geunsia hexandra a (Teijsm. & Binn.) Koord. KANGEAN SEM RECHTPELAGG: Premna nauseosa Blanco [Kangean] Premna tomentosa Willd. [Kangean] LESSER SUNDA ISLANDS: Geunsia farinosa Blme [Buton] Geunsia hexandra (Teijsm. & Binn.) Koord. [Buton] Premna _ nauseosa Blanco [Soemba & Timor] Premna parasitica var. hatusimae Moldenke [Bali]# Premna timoriana Decaisne [Bali] Premna tomentosa Willd. [Soemba] Premna tomentosa f. crenulata Koord. & Val. [Timor] MOLUCCA ISLANDS: Geunsia cumingiana (Schau.) Rolfe [Mangoli & Taliaboe] Geunsia farinosa Blume (Ceram, Halmahera, & Soelabesi] Geunsia hexandra (Teijsm. & Binn.) Koord, [Amboina, Halmahera, & Sanana Geunsia pentandra (Roxb.) Merr. [Ceram & Ternate] Premna populifolia Miq. [Buru] NEW GUINEA: Geunsia acuminatissima (Teijsm. & Binn.) Koord. [Schouten Is- land] Geunsia farinosa Blume [Dutch New Guinea] Premna acuminata R. Pr. [Papua] 195), Moldenke, Geographic Distribution 31 Premna nitida K. Schum. [Northeastern New Guinea & Papua] BISMARK A ARCHIPELAGO: Geunsia furfuracea (Bakh.) Moldenke [New Britain] SOLOMON ISLANDS: Geunsia pentandra (Roxb.) Merr. [Bougainville & San Cristoval] Geunsia pentandra var. albidella Noldenke [Guadalcanal & “Malaita ]* SAMOAN ISLANDS: Premna taitensis var. marchionica F. H. Br. [Savaii, Tau, & ~ Upolu] Premna taitensis var. rimatarensis F. H. Br. [Savaii] AUSTRALIA: Premna dallachyana Benth. [Queensland] Premna tateana F. M. Bailey [Queensland]+* CULTIVATED: Aloysia triphylla (L'Hér.) Britton [Transvaal] Callicarpa japonica Thunb. [Cuba] Clerodendrum fuscum Gtirke [Belgian Congo] Clerodendrum ligustrinum var. nicaraguense Moldenke [Honduras] Duranta repens var, alba (Masters) L. H. Bailey [Okinawa] Geunsia hexandra (Teijsm. & Binn. ) Koord. [Java] Geunsia hexandra f. serrulata Moldenke [Java] Geunsia pentandra (Roxb.) Merr. [Java] Lantana camara var. aculeata (L.) Moldenke [Trinidad] Lantana montevidensis (Spreng.) Briq. [Transvaal] Lantana rugosa Thunb. [Sweden] Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene [Sweden] Premna acuminata R. Br. [Java] Premna nitida K. Schum. [Java] Premna oblongifolia var. subglabra (H. J. Lam) Moldenke [Java] Premna pinguis 0. B. Clarke [India] Premna timoriana Decaisne [Java] ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THE GENUS PRIVA. I Harold N. Moldenke PRIVA Adans. Synonymy: Blairia Houst. ex L., Gen. Pl., ed. 1, 33h, in syn. (1737); Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 12 & 198. 1763; Gaerin,. Fruct. & Sem. Pl. 1: 265, pl. 56, fig. 1, in part. 1788 [not Blairia Gled., 1751, nor Blaeria L., 1737]. Burseria Loefl., Iter Hisp. 194. 1758 [not Burseria Jacq., 1763]. Scorodonia Sloane ex Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 505, in syn. 1763. Verbena Dill. ex Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 198, in syn. 1763 [not Verbena L., 1753]. Phryma 32 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 1 Forsk., Fl. Aegypt.-arab. cxv, nom. nud. 1775 [not Phryma L., 1751]. Zapania Lam., Tabl. Encycl. Méth. Bot. 1: 58. 1791 [not Zapania Scop., 1806, nor Schau., 187]. Streptium Roxb., Pl. Corom. 2: 25, pl. 146. 1798. Tortula Roxb. ex Willd., Sp. Pl. 3: 359. 1801 [not Tortula Hedw., 1762]. Tortula Willd. ex Bartl., Ord. Nat. Plant. 178--180. 1830. Zappania Zuccagni apud Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 128. 1895 [not Zappania Scop., 1786]. Prina Adans. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 38, in syn. 190. Literature: Sloane, Cat. Pl. Ins. Jamaic. 66. 1696; Sloane, Hist. Pl. Jamaic. 1: 17), pl. 110, fig. 1. 1707; Dill., Hort. Elth. 07--l08, pl. 302, fig. 389. 1732; L., Gen. Pl., ed. 1, 33h. 1737; L., Coroll. Gen. Pl. 3. 17373 L., Gen. Pl., ed. 2, 12. 17h2; J. Mitchell, Princip. Botanic. & Zoolog. in Acta Physico-med. Acad. Caesar. Leopold.-Franc. Nat. Cur. Exhib. Ephem. 8, app. 212. 17,8; Gled., Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Berlin 17h9, p. 125. 1751; L., Diss. Chen. Nov. Pl. Gen. 33. 1751; L., Sp. Pl.,-ed. 1, 19, 112, & 601. 1753; L., Gen. Pl., 6d.) Sygm & 262. 1754; P. Browne, Hist. Nat. Jamaic. 116. 1756; Loefl., Iter Hisp. 19. 1758; L., Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 71. 1762; Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 12, 198, & 505. 1763; Jacq., Select. Stirp. Am. 9l--96, pl. 65. 1763; Jacq., Obs. Bot. pl. 2h. 1764; Forsk., Fl. Aegypt.- arab. cxv. 1775; Forsk., Descr. Pl. Fl. Aegypt.-arab. 11). 1775; Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guian. 2: 659--660, pl. 268. 17753 L. f., Suppl Pl. 277 & 287. 1781; Hedw., Fund. Hist. Nat. Musc. Frond. 2: 92. 1782; L., Syst. Nat. 66. 1784; Scop., Delic. Fl. & Faun. Insub. 1: 34, pl. 15. 1786; Walt., Fl. Carol. 166. 1788; Gaertn., Fruct. & Sem. Pl. 1: 265--266, pl. 56, fig. 1. 1788; Lam., Tabl. Encycl. Méth. Bot. 1: 58--59. 1791; Vahl, Symb. Bot. 3: 6. 179h; Yoench, Meth. 423. 1794; Lam., Rec. Planch. Bot. pl. 17, fig. 1. 1797; Cav., Icon. & Descr. Pl. h: 30, pl. 350. 1797; Roxb., Pl. Corom. 2: 25, pl. 146. 1798; Willd., Sp. Pl. 3: 359. 1801; Cav., Anal. Cienc. Nat. Madrid 3: 13h, pl. 30. 1801; Cav., Ic. & Dec. Pl. 6: 60, pl. 583. 1801; Mirbel, Hist. Nat. Pl., ed. 2, 15: 233 & 2h0--21 & 2h. 1805; A. L. Juss., Ann, Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 7: 70—-72. 1806; Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 138-140. 1806; Bot. Zeit. Regensb. 5: 321--330. 1806; Poir. in Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 7: 568. 1806; Poir. in Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 8: 8)1--85. 1808; Roem., Collect. 117--118. 1809; Bertol., Rar. Ital. Pl. Dec., ed. 3, 27. 1810; Spreng., Pl. Min. Cog. Pugil. 2: 69--70. 1813; Poir. in Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. Suppl. 5: 520. 1817; H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. Pl. 2: 278. 1818; Nees & Mart., Nov. Act. Physi- co-med, Acad. Caes. Leopold.-Carol. Nat. Cur. ll: 71, pl. 5. 1823; Spreng., Syst. Veg. 2: 753. 1825; Reichenb. in MUssler, Handb. Gewachsk., ed. 1, 1: xxxvi. 1827; Torr., Ann. Lyc. N. York 2: 23h. 1828; Reichenb., Conspect. Reg. Veg. 1: 117. 1828; Bartl., Ord. Nat. Plant. 178--180. 1830; Gill. & Hook. in Hook., Bot. Misc. 1: 163. 1830; Schrad., Ind. Sem. Hort. Gbtting. 1831; Wall., Pl. As. Rar. 3: 105. 1832; Beck, Bot. 28. 1833; Linnaea 8, Literatur-Bericht 2. 1833; Reichenb. in MUssler, Handb. Ge- wichsk., ed. 3, 1: lxxv. 1833; D. Don, Brit. Fl. Gard. 6 [ser. 2, 3): pl. 225. 183h;Raf.,New Fl. & Bot. N.Am. 2: 37—38. 1836. c f 7 o + hs os + RAN Mt, tee ts aRY ats t P ia Apy : " Lan Kittin ne stdin AONE AAR “fd $y 4 n ‘ « \ 1 sl ey oe hel Ve 5 ils AF te ae Peet ek ate ey ens , ee 29304 yr | 4 ‘ “2 * j 3 vy a wei a . YY ‘ mie < eee hid on Dy ; ‘ Sy fata t un ; Yet!* eh ereh bed a a Fy 4 7 4 ‘i = ae, oan A, Paka te Reise tee tribution. All money received from emai after ‘the “expenes ¢ collection pane been sda will distributed among er contributors upon sack a the expenses and neal in “the ea if : any accrue. Each number consists of not less than 32 pages. All manuscr ipt accepted will be published in the next issue, so that the size of ‘numbers may vary greatly. A volume will contain about 32 signatures, $12 pa or a smaller number of pages with an equivalent number of plates. 4s plan insures immediate publication of all accepted manuscript. sa on the isan battity ‘of manuscripts will be solicited, ‘4: necessary, from fied botanists. % Under the present cust of printing, the basic rate fora page o thereof is $1.65 for an edition of 200 copies. This price is subject te without notice, since it depends abuse on the ‘Prices ceva e printing industry. ys isi", : es a Reprints ail be furnished at cost. ae proportionate fra edition of 200. + opies is also furnished gratis to contributors, % 4 ‘ otey ut ‘*, Upon ey “st, the editors will send detailed instructions PHYTOLOGIA Designed to expedite botanical publication August, 1954 No. 2 CONTENTS lished by Harold N. Moldenke and Alma L. Moldenke % 15 Glenbrook Avenue Yonkers 5, New York BOTAN NOTES ON BROMELIACEAE, IV Lyman B, Smith COLOMBIA PITCAIRNIA VOLUBILIS L. B. Smith, sp. nov. P. laxissima Baker in systema Mezii proxima sed petiolis brevibus spinoso-serratis, laminis foliorum ellipticis, pedicellis sepalisque multo minoribus differt, Epiphytic, climbing; stem over a meter long, 5 mm. in diame- ter, covered by the leaf-sheaths; leaves dimorphic, some with broad blades, others bladeless with the petiole modified into a slender serrate spine; leaf-sheaths uniform, suborbicular, 1 cm, long, dark castaneous except for the green apex and margins, sparsely pale-lepidote, pectinate-serrate near the apex, entire below; petioles 5 cm. long, 5 mm. wide, channeled, the lower half laxly serrate with slender black spines 1.5 mm. long; blades elliptic, acuminate at both ends, 15 cm. long, 45 mm. wide, en- tire, mottled with dark green, sparsely white-flocculose, soon glabrous; scape elongate, slender, soon glabrous; scape-bracts erect, all but the highest exceeding the internodes, the lower ones like the leaf-—blades, the upper lance-ovate and much smaller; inflorescence erect, simple, laxly many-flowered, 35 cm. long, finely white-floccose; floral bracts lance-ovate, acumin- ate, much shorter than the pedicels; pedicels spreading, slender, 20 mm. long; sepals narrowly triangular, abruptly acute, 25 mn. long, ecarinate; petals 10 cm. long, white, naked; ovary slender- ly fusiform, 4/5 superior, ovules caudate. Pl. I, fig. 1: Com- plete leaf x 1/2; fig. 2: Redyced leaf x 1/2; fig. 3: Flower x 1/2; fig. 4: Sepal x1. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 2,057,913, collected on trees at Las Mesas, Territory of Putumayo, Colombia, November 22, 1946, (bloomed in cultivation June 21, 1952), by M. B. and R. Foster (No. 2229). PUYA CUATRECASASII L. B, Smith, sp. nov. AP, trianae Baker, cui affinis, laminis foliorum latioribus, inflorescentia valde clavato-strobiliforme, bipinnata, bracteis florigeris patentibus vel paulo reflexis ex sicco aterrimis, floribus fasciculatis differt. Rhizome epigaeous, much branched; flowering plant 1 m. high; leaves 26 cm, long, the sheaths suborbicular, serrulate toward the apex, the blades narrowly triangular, straight, flat, acumi- nate, pungent, above even, glabrous, and lustrous, beneath ob- securely brown-lepidote, coarsely cinereous-lepidote along the margins, laxly serrate with ascending nearly straight dark slen- der spines 6 mm, long; scape erect, about 13 mm, in diameter; scape-bracts strict, densely imbricate, the lower foliaceous but herrow, the upper with suborbicular entire membranaceous nearly black sheaths and short serrulate blades; inflorescence clavate- _ strobiliform, 9 cm, in diameter, bipinnate, densely and coarsely a2 3h PHYTO LOGI Vol. 5, nos ferruginous-lanate; primary bracts like the upper scape-bracts but with nearly or quite entire apices, spreading at anthesis and revealing the flowers, the extreme apex more or less re- flexed; branches reduced to few-flowered pulvini; floral bracts suborbicular, exceeding the sepals, entire, membranaceous, dark; pedicels very short and stout; sepals lance-oblong, acute, ou mm. long; petals 5 cm. long, obtuse, cream-white. Pl. I, fig. 5: Habit from photograph; fig. 6: Leaf-apex x 1; fig. 7: Primary bract x 1; fig. 8: Floral bract and flower x 1; fig. 9: Sepal xl. Type in the Chicago Natural History Museum, collected on péramo, Alto de Las Casitas, sources of the Rio Palo, western slope of the Cordillera Central, Department of Cauca, Colombia, altitude 3,800 meters, December 3, 194, by J. Cuatrecasas (No. 18962). COLOMBIA: CAUCA: Rio Vinagre, Puracé, alt. 3,800 m., Sept. 1936, Dryander 1850 (US). PUYA FURFURACEA (Willd.) L. B. Smith, comb. nov, Pitcairnia furfuracea Willd. Enum. 1: 346. 1809. Pourretia pyramidata sensu H.B,K. Nov. Gen, & Sp. 1: 296. 1815. not R. & P. 1802. Puya bonplandiana Schult. in R. & S, Syst. 7: 1236. 1830. PUYA LEHMANIANNA L. B. Smith, nom. nov, Pitcairnia pvestoensis Raker, Handb. Bromel. 122. 13889. Puya pastoensis Mez in DC. Monogr. Phan. 9: 483. 1896, non P. pastensis André. 1888. PUYA OCCIDENTALIS L. B, Smith, sp. nov, A P, santanderense Cuatrecasas, foliis majoribus, subtus solum inter nervos lepidotis, spinis foliorum majoribus densior- ibus, sepalis multo latioribus differt. Flowering plant 6 - 8 dm. high; leaves densely rosulate, 35-50 cm, long, the sheaths suborbicular, 5 cm. long, the blades nar- rowly triangular, acuminate, pungent, 25 mm. wide, glabrous and lustrous above, minutely cinereous-lepidote between the nerves beneath; scape 15 mm. in diameter, soon glabrous; scape-—bracts broadly ovate with foliaceous blades, membranaceous, nearly black when dry, fragile and soon disintegrating; inflorescence strobiliform; densely and finely white-lanate; primary bracts erect, broadly ovate with a triangular apex, 10 cm. long, entire, nearly black, membranaceous; branches aborted, one- several-flowered; floral bracts broadly ovate, acute, exceeding the sepals; pedicels short and stout; sepals lance-ovate, acute, to 30 m,. long, 13 m, wide, membranaceous, Pl. II, fig. 1: Leaf-apex x 1; fig. 2: Primary bract and branch x1; fig. 3: Sepal xl. Type in the U. S, National Herbarium, No. 1,989,514, collected at Los Farallones, crest of the Cordillera Occidental, between La Torre and Alto del Buey, Department of El Valle, Colombia, altitude 3,400-3,550 meters, August, 1946, by J. Cuatrecasas (No, 21905). Duplicate in the Chicago Natural History Museum. 35 1954 Smith, Notes on Broméliaceae Plate I 4 Q 2 & ; fig. 5-9: Puya cuatrecasasii. Fig. 1-4: Pitcairnia volubilis 36 PHY TOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 2 EL VALLE: Péramos, Los Farallones, crest of the Cordillera Occidental, northern end of range of Alto del Buey, alt. 3,500- 3,600 m., Oct. 11, 1944, Cuatrecasas 17919 (FM). TILLANDSIA CUATRECASASII L. B, Smith, sp. nov. Acaulis; foliis acuminatis; inflorescentia dense bipinnatim paniculata; bracteis primariis infimis spicas panlo superantibus; bracteis florigeris carinatis, sepala superantibus; sepalis lepidotis, posticis alte connatis. Epiphytic, stemless, the flowering plant about 1 meter high; leaves to 57 cm. long, densely appressed-lepidote; the sheaths nearly as long as the blades, elliptic, ample, ferruginous; the blades narrowly triangular, acuminate, flat, 45 mm. wide at the base, cinereous; scape elongate, straight or slightly curved; scape-bracts subfoliaceous, very densely imbricate; inflores- cence densely bipinnate, 2-3 dm. long; primary bracts broadly ovate, acuminate, densely lepidote, the lowest slightly exceed- ing the spikes; spikes suberect, lanceolate, acute, to 13 cm. long, 3 cm. wide; floral bracts densely imbricate, exceeding the sepals, broadly elliptic, not incurved toward the apex, strongly carinate, coriaceous, even, red, densely lepidote near the apex; sepals lanceolate, acute, to 28 mm, long, sparsely lepidote, the posterior ones high-connate; petals violet (! Cuatrecasas), exceeding the stamens and pistil. Pl. II, fig. 4: Leaf-apex x 1/2; fig. 5: Primary bract and spike x 1/2; fig. 6: Posterior sepals xl. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium No. 1,951,296 and 1,951,297, collected between Barragén on the Rio Bugalagrande anc Corrales on the Péramo de Bavaya, western slope of the Cordillera Central, Department of El Valle, Colombia, altitude 3,400-3,550 meters, April 11, 1946, by J. Cuatrecasas (No. 20599). Duplicates at the Gray Herbarium and the Chicago Natural History Museun. Its large lepidote floral bracts and sepals readily distin- guish Tillandsia cuatrecasasii from its nearest relatives such as T. schimperiana Mez, T. confertiflora André, T. restrepoana André, 7, caloura Harms, and T, pastensis André. TILLANDSIA DELICATULA L. B, Smith, sp. nov. AT, singularis Mez & Wercklé, cui affinis, inflorescentia tripinnata, graciliter thyrsoidea, floribus minoribus differt. Stemless, flowering shoot to 65 em. high; leaves 4-5 dm. long; sheaths large, elliptic, very dark at base, covered with a glaucous coat of thin appressed whitish scales; blades ligulate, flat, broadly retuse and apiculate, 3} cm. wide, subdensely pale-lepidote beneath, soon glabrous above; scape slender, erect, glabrous; scape-bracts strict, except for the acute diver- gent apex, elliptic, all but the lowest imbricate, thin; inflo- rescence tripinnate except near the apex, slenderly thyrsoid, 3 dm, long, glabrous; primary bracts lanceolate, acuminate, shorter than the branches, red; branches suberect, to 75 mm. long, consisting of a short naked base and 1-3 spikes; secondary 195 Smith, Notes on Bromeliaceae 37 Plate II Y. C7 Sg CA sg : a paces C5 Dor sti Fig. 1-3: Puya occidentalis; fig, 4-6: Tillandsia cuatrecasasii, 38 1:2: Op Gay Oe ee ace a Vol. 5, Riese bracts but slightly larger than the floral bracts; spikes laxly &-flowered; rhachis slender, flexuous; floral bracts ovate, acute, equaling the sepals or slightly shorter, sharply carinate, thin, prominently nerved, red; pedicels 2 mm. long; flowers spreading; sepals elliptic, broadly obtuse; 8 mm, long, nerved, subequally short-connate; petals yellow, exceeding the stamens, Pl. III, fig. 1: Leaf-apex x 1; fig. 2: Primary bract and branch x 1; fig. 3: Flower xl. Type in the herbarium of the Comisién de Botdnica de la Secre- taria de Agricultura y Fomento del Departamento del Valle del Cauca, collected in woods, La Laguna, left bank of the Rio Sanquinini, western slope of the Cordillera Occidental, Depart- ment of El Valle, Colombia, altitude 1,250-1,400 meters, Decem- ber 10-20, 1943, by J. Cuatrecasas (No. 15647). TILLANDSIA ORBICULARIS L. B. Smith, sp. nov. Acaulis; laminis foliorum subtriangularibus, acuminatis; scapi bracteis dense imbricatis, subfoliaceis; inflorescentia bipin- nata, dense ellipsoidea; bracteis primariis orbicularibus, spicas inferiores superantibus; bracteis florigeris sepala superantibus, laevibus; sepalis fere liberis. Epiphytic stemless, the flowering plant 65 cm. high; leaves numerous in a crateriform rosette, nearly 5 dm. long; sheaths large, elliptic, merging with the blades, dark purple; blades subtriangular with the margins slightly bowed, flat, acuminate, 5-6 em. wide at base, subglabrous and green above, densely cinereous-lepidote beneath; scape erect; scape-bracts strict, densely imbricate, subfoliaceous; inflorescence slightly de- curved, bipinnate, densely ellipsoid, 14 cm. long; primary bracts erect, imbricate, orbicular, even, glabrous, the lower exceeding the spikes and bearing long narrowly triangular lepidote red blades, the upper slightly shorter than the spikes and merely apiculate; spikes subsessile and without sterile bracts at the base, suborbicular, 4-5-flowered, strongly complanate; floral bracts oblong-obovate, acute, incurved, exceeding the sepals, sharply carinate, coriaceous, even, red or yellow (! Cuatrecasas), appressed-lepidote toward the apex and soon glabrous outside, dark-lepidote inside; sepals oblong- obovate, broadly acute, 18 mm. long, nearly free, sparsely dark- lepidote, nerved; petals and stamens unknown. Pl. III, fig. 4: Leaf-apex x 1/2; fig. 5: Primary bract x1; fig. 6: Spike x 1; fig. 7: Sepal x1. Type in the Gray Herbarium, collected in thickets and low forest of p&ramo, Alto del Duende, valley of the Rio Lopez, headwaters of the Rio Palo, western slove of the Cordillera Central, Department of Cauca, Colombia, altitude 3, 300-3, 350 meters, December 1-2, 1944, by J. Cuatrescasas (No. 18831). Duplicate at the Chicago Museum of Natural History. COLOMBIA: EL VALLE: Epiphytic, pAramos, extreme north of the Alto del Buey range, Los Farallones, crest of the Cordillera Occidental, alt. 3,500-3,600 m., Oct. 12, 1944, Cuatrecasas 17945 (GH). <=) vs 195) Smith, Notes on Bromeliaceae Plate III Fig. 1-3: Tillandsia delicatula; fig. 4-7: 7, orbicularis. 39 ho PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 2 Tillandsia orbicularis closely resembles T. wangerini Mez of Peru but differs in its even bracts which exceed the sepals. TILLANDSIA REVERSA L. B. Smith, sp. nov. Acaulis; foliorum laminis ligulatis; scapi bracteis hand foliaceis; inflorescentia bipinnata; bracteis primariis minimis; bracteis florigeris imbricatis, sepala superantibus; sepalis extus glabris, intus lepidotis, posticis connatis; petalis staminibusque ignotis. Stemless, the flowering plant 4 dm. high; leaves numerous, 3 dm. long; sheaths ample, obscurely brown-lepidote, dark purple above; blades ligulate, broadly acute, flat, 5 cm. wide, green with a few small purple spots, glabrous above, sparsely appressed-lepidote beneath; scape erect; scape~bracts erect, imbricate, ovate, acute; inflorescence bipinnate, subdigitate; primary bracts broadly ovate, acute, scarcely larger than the floral bracts, ecarinate; spikes divergent, linear-lanceolate, acute, slightly complanate, 8 cm. long, 15 mm. wide, 10- flowered with 2-3 sterile bracts at the base; floral bracts densely imbricate, exceeding the sepals, broadly elliptic, acute with the extreme apex incurved, carinate, coriaceous, even, glabrous, orange (! Killip & Smith); sepals oblong, obtuse, 17 mm, long, glabrous outside, lepidote inside, the posterior ones high-connate; petals and stamens unknown. Pl. IV, fig. 1: Leaf- apex x 1/2; fig. 2: Inflorescence x 1/2; fig. 3: Posterior sepals xl. Type in the Gray Herbarium, collected at the edge of woods, vicinity of La Baja, Department of Santander, Colombia, altitude 2,700-3,500 meters, January 14-31, 1927, by EB. P. Killip and A. C, Smith (No. 18056). Duplicate in the U. S. National Herbariun, Tillandsia reversa has scales on the inner surface of the sepals, a condition exactly opposite to that which is general in the genus, Although no petals or stamens have been seen, the species most probably belongs in the subgenus Allardtia next to T. carrieri André. It differs from that species in its short inflorescence, small primary bracts, and narrow scarcely compla- nate spikes, TILLANDSIA STIPITATA L. B. Smith, sp. nov. Acaulis; leaminis foliorum ligulatis, acutis; inflorescentia pendula, dense bipinnata, elongata; bracteis primariis spicas aequantibus vel superantibus; spicis longe stipitatis, laxe 3- floris; bracteis florigeris quam sepalis subduplo brevioribus; sepalis truncatis, subaequaliter liberis. Stemless; flowering plant 56 cm. long with the inflorescence extended; leaves numerous in a crateriform rosette, to 39 cm. long, obscurely brown-lepidote, suffused with purple, sheaths elliptic, large, blades ligulate, acute, flat, 45 mm, wide at the base; scape short, curved; scape-bracts erect, densely imbricate, foliaceous; inflorescence pendulous, densely bi- pinnate, slenderly fusiform, 27 cm. long; primary bracts erect, 195, Smith, Notes on Bromeliaceae Fal Plate IV Fig. 1-3: Tillandsia reversa; fig. 46: T. stipitata. 2 PHY TOL QC TA Vol. 5, no. 2 _imbricate, suborbicular, equaling or exceeding the spikes, the lower ones with foliaceous blades, the upper apiculate; spikes with a long flattened naked stipe, laxly 3-flowered; floral bracts broadly ovate or elliptic, acute, about half as long as the sepals, carinate, thin but not strongly nerved, glabrous; sepals oblong-obovate, broadly truncate, 12 m, long, carinate, even, sparsely and obscurely punctulate-lepidote; petals and stamens unknown; capsule slenderly cylindric, acuminate, 32 mm. long. Pl. IV, fig. 4: Leaf-apex x 1/2; fig. 5: Primary bract x1; fig. 6: Spike xl. Type in the Gray Herbarium, collected in forest between Paletar& and Calaguala, Cordillera Central, Department of El Cauca, Colombia, altitude 3,000-3,200 meters, June 17, 1922, by F. W. Pennell (No. 7099). Its size would place Tillandsia stipitata in the vicinity of T. violascens Mez in the key in the Pflanzenreich, but its long- stipitate spikes and small floral bracts indicate a much strong- er affinity with T, biflora R. & P., from which it differs in its long pendulous inflorescence and broadly truncate sepals, In fact the form of the sepals approaches that which is general in the subgenus Pseudo-Catopsis. VRIESTIA KILLIPIANA L, 3B, Smith, sp. nov. Acaulis; laminis foliorum ligulatis, acutis et cuspidato- acuminatis; scapo robusto; inflorescentia ample bipinnata, ramis strictis elongatis, valde prophylligeris, bracteis florigeris haud vel vix imbricatis, sepala subaequantibus, vel paulo brevioribus, ecarinatis, coriaceis; floribus haud secundis. Epiphytic, stemless, the flowering plant 1.2 meters high (! Killip & Cuatrecasas); leaves 6-8 dm. long, minutely brown- lepidote, sheaths large, elliptic, slightly broader than the blades, dark castaneous on the outside, blades ligulate, acute with a hard acuminate cusp, flat, 11 cm. wide, obscurely mottled with dark green; scape stout; scape-bracts imbricate, the lower subfoliaceous, the upper broadly ovate and apiculate; inflores- cence much branched; primary bracts like the upper scape-bracts, several times shorter than the long sterile bases of the branch- es; branches strict, 4 dm. long, laxly prophyllate at base, many-flowered; axis slightly flexuous, stout, angled; floral bracts broadly ovate, inflated, ecarinate, to 3 cm, long, from equaling to slightly shorter than the sepals, coriaceous, even, glabrous; flowers spreading, not secund; pedicels stout, about 1 em, long; sepals elliptic, 17 mm, long, ecarinate, coriaceous; petals and stamens unknown. Pl. V, fig. 1: Leaf x 1/5; fig. 2: Lateral branch x 1/5; fig. 3: Sepal xl. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium. No, 1,856,636 and 1,856,637, collected in mangrove swamp, Punta Arenas, north shore of Buenaventura Bay, Department of El Valle, Colombia, near sea level, June 2, 1944, by BE. P, Killip and J. Cuatrecasas (No. 38619). Duplicate in the Gray Herbariun. Although its flowers are not secund, Vriesia killipiana resembles V. sanguinolenta Cogn, & Marchal more closely than it 1954 Smith, Notes on Bromeliaceae 43 Plate V Fig. 1-3: Vriesia killipiena; fig. 4, 5: V. verrucosa, bh PHYTOLOGIA Vol, 5, M0. e does any other Colombian or Central American species. The simi- larity between the two in their primary bracts and long strict strongly prophyllate branches is particularly striking. How- ever, V. killipiana can not be a phase of V. sanguinolenta where the flowers failed to turn, because it differs sharply in its dark castaneous leaf-sheaths and lax ecarinate floral bracts. VEIESIA VERRUCOSA L. B. Smith, sp. nov. Acaulis; laminis foliorum ligulatis, angustis, acutis et mucronem longum debilem auctis; scapi bracteis imbricatis; inflorescentia simplicissima; axi verrucoso; bracteis florigeris rugulosis; floribus secundis; sepalis latis, ecarinatis. Stemless, the flowering plant 4 dm, high; leaves few, subfasciculate, 25 cm. long, sheaths elliptic, small and inconspicuous, blades ligulate, acute with » linear soft cusp 1 cm. long, flat, 2 cm. wide, green; scape erect, slender; scape- bracts imbricate and tightly enfolding the scape, elliptic, acute, thin, even, obscurely punctulate-lepidote; inflorescence simple, laxly 3-flowered with a sterile rudiment at apex; axis slender, flexuous, enlarged and verrucose below eech node; fioral bracts not imbricate, ovate, 3 cm, long, much exceeding the.sepals, ecarinate, very obscurely lepidote, nerveless and rugulose when dry, probably somewhat fleshy in life; flowers secund (! Foster); pedicels obconic, 5 m, long; sepals broadly elliptic, about 2 em. long (only incomplete material seen), ecarinate, nerveless and rugulose; petals and stamens unknown; capsule slenderly ellipsoid, acute, 3 cm. long. Pl. V, fig. 4: Leaf-apex x 1/2; fig. 5: Inflorescence x 1/2. Type in the Gray Herbarium, collected on trees at Las Mesas, near Pepino, Territory of Putumayo, Colombia, altitude 1,350 meters, November 22, 1946, by M. B. and R. Foster (No. opal) , The combination of simple secund inflorescence and verrucose axis is found only in this species and in Vriesia ringens, V. ringens, however, has broad leaves and large imbricate acuminate floral bracts, In habit V. verrucosa more nearly resembles V. subsecunda Wittm., but its verrucose axis and lax and rugulose floral bracts distinguish it from the latter species, ECUADOR PITCAIRNIA HITCHCOCKIANA L. B. Smith, sp. nov. P. densiflora Brongn. in systema Mezii proxima sed petiolis angustis, sepalis posterioribus alato-carinatis, petalis rubris differt. Densely aggregated, nearly stemless; flowering shoot 5-6 dm. high; leaves distichous, persistent, & dm. long, entire, very sparsely white-flocculose, soon glabrous; sheaths narrowly ovate, 3-4 cm, long, brown; petioles about 1 cm, wide, strongly channeled; blades linear-lanceolate, filiform-acuminate, 25 m. wide; scape 5 mm, in diameter; scape-bracts erect, foliaceous, densely imbricate; inflorescence simple, strobilate, slenderly ellipsoid, 10 cm, long, 3 cm, in diameter; floral bracts in 1954, Smith, Notes on Bromeliaceae hs Plate VI e : As NU ) ‘f Fig. 1-3: Pitcairnia hitchcockiana; fig. 4-6: P. lopezii; fig. 7-9: Puya araneosa. 6 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 2 about 4 or 5 ranks, closely imbricate, broadly elliptic, acute, 5 em. long, scarlet, subcoriaceous, nerved when dry, finely flocculose toward the base; pedicels obconic, 2 mm. long; sepals lanceolate, acute, 19 m. long, brown-flocculose, the anterior ecarinate, the posterior alate-carinate; petals 4 cm. long, red, with a narrow white margin, bearing a triangular scale at the base; ovary almost wholly superior; ovules caudate. Pl. VI, fig. 1: Inflorescence x 1/2; fig. 2: Flower x1; fig. 3: Base of petal xl. Type in the New York Botanical Garden, collected in the valley of the Pastaza River, between Bafios and Cashurco, § hours east of Bafios, Province of Tungurahua, Ecuador, altitude 1, 300-1, 800 meters, September 25, 1923, by A. S. Hitchcock (No. 21816). Duplicates in the Gray Herbarium and the U. S. National Herbariun. ECUADOR: TUNGURAHUA: On moist cliffs of Rio Pastaza, 12 km. east of Bafos, Feb. 15, 1953, Prescott 494 (NY). PERU PITCAIRNIA INERMIS Meyer var, FLAVA L. B. Smith, var. nov. A var. inermis petalis flavis differt. Flowering plant § dm. high; leaves serrulate below the abscission line; petals yellow, naked. Type in the Museo de Historia Natural "Javier Prado," Lima, Peru, collected in tropical forest, at Cayumba, near Las Palmas, between Hudnuco and Tingo Marfa, Province of Hudnuco, Department of Hudnuco, Peru, altitude 800-900 meters, July 15, 1948, by R. Ferreyra (No. 4228). PITCAIRNIA LOPEZII L. B. Smith, sp. nov. P. schiedeana Baker in systema Mezii proxima sed scapi bracteis et bracteis florigeris haud subulato productis, pedi- cellis brevioribus, sepalis majoribus distincte carinatis differt. About 1 m. high; leaves homomorphic, entire; bases (sketch) forming a large bulb; blades deciduous, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, slightly narrowed toward the base but not petiolate, 24 cm, long, 25 mm. wide, glabrous above, white-flocculose beneath; scape 8 mm, in diameter, red, white-floccose; scape- bracts erect, exceeding the internodes, the lower ones folia- ceous with deciduous blades, the upper lanceolate, persistent membranaceous, red; inflorescence simple, lax, to 23 cm, long, its axis flocculose; floral bracts like the upper scape-bracts, to 4 em. long, slightly exceeded by the sepals; flowers diver- gent; pedicels slender, 5-10 mm. long, white-flocculose; sepals very narrowly triangular, acuminate, 37 mm. long, carinate throughout, red, glabrous; petals naked, 8 cm. long, acute, yellow; anthers linear, 20 mm. long; ovary more than 3/4 superior, ovules caudate. Pl. VI, fig. 4: Deciduous leaf-blade x 1/2; fig. 5: Floral bract and flower x 1; fig. 6: Sepal xl. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 2,059,243, collected 1954 Smith, Notes on Bromeliaceae Plate VII 7, Se ATS She. Se ~ Fig. 1, 2: Puya tovariana; fig. 3-5: P. alba; fig. 6-9: P, ctenorhyncha, 7 48 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 2 on Cerro Campana, Province of Trujillo, Department of La Libertad, Peru, altitude 550 meters, September 5, 1948, by A. Lépez Miranda (No. 226). PERU: i “seine Trujillo: On rocks, Cerro Cabras, A. Lépez M. s.n. (US). PUYA ARANEOSA L. B. Smith, sp. nov. P. glaucovirens Mez et P, meziana Wittm. in systema Mezii proxima sed pedicellis brevibus, sepalis oblongis differt. Flowering plant 1.5 m. high; leaves (imperfectly known) over 7 dm. long, blades narrowly triangular, 35 mm. wide, glabrous above, covered beneath with fine appressed white scales, laxly serrate with uncinate yellow-brown spines 3 mm, long; scape elongate, about 1 cm. in diameter, soon glabrous; scape-bracts fragile and soon lost; inflorescence bipinnate, lax toward the base, 55 cm. long, slenderly pyramidal, covered with a fine white loose subpersistent indument; primary bracts ovate, acuminate, 5. em. long, subentire, thin, dark brown; racemes (immature) to 13 cm. long, subdense, the sterile naked base 1 em, long, the apex possibly sterile for a short distance possibly just immature in this specimen; floral bracts elliptic, apiculate, 23 mm. long, entire, thin; pedicels slender, 5 mm, long; sepals oblong, acute, 30 mm. long, ecarinate, thin; petals 5 em, long, greenish blue. Pl. VI, fig. 7: Leaf-margin x 1; fig. 8: Floral bract and flower x 1; fig. 9: Ventral face of sepal xl. Type in the U. S, National Herbarium, No. 2,104, 368, collected in serub forest (monte rigido), near Ahuacha, above Huarochir{, Department of Lima, Peru, altitude 4,000 meters, June 6, 1953, by Emma Cerrate (No. 2049). Duplicate in the Museo de Historia Natural "Javier Prado." PUYA TOVARIANA L. B. Smith, sp. nov, Habitum floresque Puyae roezlii E. Morr. in animo revocans sed statura minore, bracteis florigeris inermibus sepala subaequantibus differt. Flowering shoot over 42 cm. high; leaves to 3 dm. long, glabrous above, covered beneath with pale gray appressed scales; sheaths broadly ovate, 3 cm. long, serrulate toward the apex; blades narrowly triangular, acuminate, pungent, 18 mm. wide, laxly serrate with pale slender ascending spines 3 mm, long; scape about 5 mm, in diameter, stellate-lepidote; scape-bracts erect, like the leaves but with much smaller blades and with larger spines on their sheaths; inflorescence bipinnate, subcylindric, 3 dm. long, 14 cm. in diameter, covered with fine white stellate trichomes, lax toward the base; primary bracts broadly ovate, apiculate or the lowest short-caudate, about half as long as the branches, pectinate-serrate; branches spreading-recurving with the few flowers somewhat downwardly secund, slender, geniculate; floral bracts ovate, acute, ecarinate, to 25 mm, long, about equaling the mature sepals, entire or very obscurely dentate, thin, rose; pedicels obconic, 1954 Smith, Notes on Bromeliaceae ho 5 mm. long; sepals lance-oblong, acute, 20 mm, long, thin; petals 35 mm. long, dark green. Pl. VII, fig. 1: Branch of inflorescence x 1; fig. 2: Sepal xl. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 2,104,366, collected in deciduous forest (monte pluviifolio), at Aisha, below Huarochir{, Province of Huarochir{, Department of Lima, Peru, altitude 3,180 meters, May 11, 1953, by Emma Cerrate and Oscar Tovar (No. 1831). Duplicate in the Museo de Historia Natural "Javier Prado." TILLANDSIA DEPPEANA Steud. var. TRIPINNATA L. B. Smith, var. nov, A var. deppeana inflorescentia ample tripinnatim paniculate differt. Inflorescence amply tripinnate; sterile bases of the branches to 15 cm. long, densely bracteate; spikes lanceolate, 11 cm. long, 3 cm. wide, strongly complanate; floral bracts oblong, 3 cm. long. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 2,104,349, collected in subtropical forest, below Carpish, between Hudnuco and Tingo Marfa, Province of Hudnuco, Department of Hudnuco, Peru, alti- tude 2,300-2,400 meters, June 23, 1953, by R. Ferreyra (No. 9410). Duplicate in the Museo de Historia Natural "Javier Prado, " BOLIVIA PUYA ALBA L. B. Smith, sp. nov. P, violacea (Brongn.) Mez et P. hauthalii Mez in systema Mezii proxima sed inflorescentia albo-flocculosa, petalis albis differt. Plant 2m, high; leaves and scape unknown; inflorescence laxly bipinnate, persistently white-flocculose; primary bracts sub- orbicular, apiculate, 3 cm. long, densely serrate; branches divergent, 15 cm. long, subdense with downwardly secund flowers; floral bracts elliptic, acute, about equaling the pedicels, entire, subcoriaceous; pedicels slender, to 25 mm, long; sepals narrowly lanceolate, acute, 30 mm, long, ecarinate; petals over 5 em. long, white, bearing 2 long vertical calli near the base. Pl. VII, fig. 3: Branch of inflorescence x 1/2; fig. 4: Sepal x1; fig. 5: Base of petal xl. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 2,104,004, collected on rocky slopes, near Palos Blancos, Department of Tarija, Bolivia, altitude 800 meters, March 1952, by M. C4rdenas (No, 4952-a). PUYA CTHNORHYNCHA L, B. Smith, sp. nov. AP. fastuosa Mez, cui affinis, statura minore, bracteis primariis ad apicem versus pectinato-serratis differt. Plant 1.2 m. high; leaves over 5 dm. long, glabrous above, covered beneath with appressed gray scales; sheaths suborbicu- lar, 7 cm. long; blades narrowly triangular, 35 mm. wide, larly serrate with red-brown spines 4 mm. long; scape stout, white- 50 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no, 2 lanate; scape-bracts erect and exceeding the internodes but only partially covering the scape, broadly ovate with small subfolia- ceous blades, very dark brown, subcoriaceous when dry, persist- ent, serrate, floccose; inflorescence very densely bipinnate, fusiform, 3 dm. long, § cm, in diameter, densely white-floccose; primary bracts like the scape-bracts but their narrowly triangu- lar apices notably pectinate-serrate and not at all foliaceous, 6 em. long, equaling or exceeding the globose few-flowered spikes; floral bracts elliptic, apiculate, 35 mm. long, exceed- ing the sepals; pedicels 7 mm. long, rather slender; sepals elliptic, broadly acute, 20 mm. long, coriaceous; petals naked, 4 om. long, light yellow-green. Pl. VII, fig. 6: Habit after photo; fig. 7: Primary bract x 1/2; fig. 8: Floral bract and flower x 1; fig. 9: Ventral face of sepal xl. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 2,103,952, collected on rocky slopes, Anilaya-Larecaja, Department of La Paz, Bolivia, altitude 3,500 meters, April 1951, by M. C4rdenas (No. 4867). AN ABNORMAL FORM OF SPRING-BEAUTY Fred W. Oswald The abnormal form of spring-beauty (Claytonia virginica), illustrated here in figure "A", differs from the usualy type "B" in possessing one or two leaf-like bracts near the base of the loose raceme of flowers. These bracts, when two do occur upon one plant, are not arranged in Opposite fashion, Two minor, abortive petals occur between the two sepals, one upon each side and noticeable only when the blossoms are closed. This strange form was observed continuously by me for a period of three years among a colony of about a dozen plants, and each soring appearing exactly alike. Specimens used for making the sketches were collected by Fred W. Oswald on April 12, 195), about 1 1/2 tenths of a mile north of Route 4 and 3/10 of a mile east of Forest Avenue, Paramus, PBer;en County, New Jersey. S1 Oswald, Abnormal form of spring-beauty 1954, BOOK REVIEWS. Harold N. Moldenke "The ferns and fern allies of New liexico", by H. J. Dittmer, E. F. Castetter, and 0. M. Clark; 139 pp., 55 text figs. University of New Mexico Press, 195. #1. This handy pocket-size volume lists 75 species and subspecif- ic entities of ferns and fern-allies in 2) genera and 7 families, although the authors admit that eleven of these entities are not yet definitely known from the state. Since they occur in contiguous areas of adjoining states it is assumed that they will also be found in New Mexico. Six other species, recorded by previous authors, have been excluded from the flora as probably based upon mis-identifications. The book includes a popularly written explanation of the place of pteridophytes in the plant kingdom, alternation of generations as exhibited by this group, a glossary of terns, keys to the families, genera, and species, and even a list of fossil forms known from the rock strata in the state. The re- viewer is especially pleased with the inclusion of this last- mentioned item. In his opinion, it is a section that ougnt to be in every flora in order to give a better-rounded picture of the floral aspects of the region treated. Also included in the book are authorities, original references, common names, synonymy, explanation of the scientific terms, descriptions, state-wide and extra-limital distributions, and accurate pen-and-ink drawings for each taxon. "The web of life: a first book of ecology", by J. H. Storer; 14h pp., 46 pages of plates. The Devin-Adair Co., New York. $3. This is a fascinating introductory book to the study of eco-= logy, telling in simple language of the intimate relationship between life and the soil which supports it. There are short chapters on how the land gets its water and how the soil re- sponds, on forests, grasslands, and other communities. Azain and again the author points out that man's life on earth de- pends absolutely on an understanding of the basic laws of eco- logy, water conservation, forest and soil management. The pic- tures, arranged in a special section in the center of the book, give the gist of the book and present the thesis in a dramatic and powerfil -=- almost sermon-like -- form. We recommend the book highly to readers of all ages and in all sections of our land. 52 CERTAMEN MELASTOMATACEIS. I John J. Wurdack SANDEMANIA GLANDULOSA Wurdack, sp. nov. AS. lilacina Gleason differt pubescentia rea- morum foliorum hypanthiorumque glandulifera, foliis supra pubescentibus, forma connectivi antherarum maiorunm. Frutex 1m. Rami obtuse heanguleti persistenter modice laxeque glanduloso-strigosi. Petioli 7-10 mm. longi; lamina 5-65 x 15-25 mm. elliptica apice acuta basi late acuta 5-nervata, supra modice laxe- que glanduloso-strigosa (pilis subtilibus 3/mm.¢ 0,3- 0.8 mm. longis) praecipue inter nervos nervis pri- mariis impressis secunderiis obscuris, subtus sparse glanduloso-hirsutula praecipue ed nervos nervulos- que, ad paginam minute denseque tomentosa nervis secundariis reticulatis leviter elevatis. Inflores- centia bractese bracteolae pedicelli hypanthiumque ut in S. lilacina sed glanduloso-hirsutuli. Sepala 1.1-1.2 mm. longa lanceolata apice seta glandulosa armata. Petala 3 x 1.1 mm. rosea oblonga acuta eciliata apice seta armata. Filamente 3.8 vel 3.6 mm. glabra vel raro l-2 per florem sparse glanduloso- hirsutula. Stamina maiora: loculi 2.7 mm, longi parte 1.1 mm, super connectivum anguste rostrata, connectivo basi 1 mm, producto bilobo sed non U-formi., Stamina minora: loculi 2.2 mm. longi parte rostrata 0.7 mm. longa, connectivo basi O.l} mm. producto bre- viter bilobo. Stylus gracilis 6.5 x 0.2 mm. Ovarium glabrum biloculare. Holotype: R. L. Froes 22658 (NY), collected in dry sandy soil in open caatinga at Sao Pedro, Rio Padauiry, Edo. Amazonas, Brazil, Oct. 27, 1947. In S. lilacina, the pubescence is e6glandular, the leaves are glabrous above, and the connectives of the large anthers are at the base hoof=-shaped (rather than bilobed); also the anther rostro is relatively shorter, S. glandulosa is the second-known species of the genus; S. lilacina was collected in Dept. San Martin, Peru, about 1600 km. from the type locality for S. ee The relationship of Sandemania with | aceirea is marked, the diminutive petals and stamens and the glabrous overies of the former being the out- stending differences. Three species of Macesirea (M. calvescens Naud., M. multinervia Benth., and M. lanata Gleason) have eglandular filaments; the 53 5h PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 2 sporadic appearance of glandular hairs on one or two filaments of a few flowers in S. glandulosa occurs also in M, lanata. The gap between the obtuse to rounded petals of Macairea and the acute ones of Sandemenia is slight. TIBOUCHINA MOLLIS (BONPL.) COGN. var. GLANDULIFERA Wurdaeck, var. nov. Pedicellorum hypanthiorumque trichomata glandu- lifera, Holotype: R. E. Schultes & Mardoqueo Villareal 7978 (NY), collected on Volcan El Galeras, Pasto, Dept. Narino, Colombia, elev. 3200-3500 m., June h, epvt.e 19h6. Paratypes: Schultes & Villareal 7900 (NY), between Santa Rosa and Tuquerres, Narino, elev. €750-2850 m., June 2, 1946; Reinaldo Espinosa 2757 (NY), Hacienda Obonuco, Pasto, Narino, elev. ee Me, Mer. 28, 1950; R. A. Toro 88) (NY), Boqueron, vicin- ity of Medellin (7), Dept. Antioquia, Jan. 5, 1928. This variety is of interest since glandular pu- bescence is characteristic of several related species (T. adenophora Cogn., T. eee Cogn.). I have seen no material of IT. mollis from south of Prov. Tungurehue, Ecuedor; probably the cited and geographically authentic material from Peru (Weber- bauer 5642) and Bolivie (Bridges s.n.) are referable o relate ‘ species, TIBOUCHINA LANCIFOLIA Wurdsck, sp. nov. Sect. Diotanthera. T. incaro Gleason affinis, sed cum foliis angustioribus subtus vix strigulosis, AT. capitata (Naud.) Cogn. differt foliis angust- ioribus plinervibus supra densiore strigosis, caly- cis lobis grandioribus, Frutex 0.7 m. ramis imprimis brevissime sparse- que strigulosis demum glabratis teretiusculis vel superne leviter compressis, Petioli 5-7 mm, longi; lamina 75-85 x 15-18 mm. breviter 7-plinervis (ner- vis exterioribus marginalibus dilutis) lanceolata apice anguste acuta basi acuta marginibus subtiliter serrulatis, supra modGice subtiliterque strigulosa setis 2-3/mm.© et 1-1.5 mm. longis, subtus venis venulisque sparse strigulosis alioqui glabra, In- florescentia paniculata pedunculis pedicellisque setulis patulis glandulosis sparse armatis. Pedi- celli 3-5 mm. longi; gemmae bracteis duobus caducis basi hypanthi insertis investae; bracteae 4.5 x 4.5 mm. ovato-orbiculares apice obtusae vel rotundatsae intus glabrae extus modice glanduloso-hirsutae, Flores 5 tis, supra sparse strigosa setis crassis 1/1-3 mm. 1-1.5 x 0,3-0.4 mm., subtus in nervis primariis modice strigosa in nervis secundariis marginibusque sparse strigulosa alioqui glabra. Flores 5=meri compacto-paniculata pedunculis lj-angulatis glabris, Pedicelli 25-35 mm. longi glabri in medio bibracteo- lati bracteolis 10-15 x h-5 mm. ellipticis acutis ciliatis glabris. Hypanthium 5-6 mm, longum latum- que semiglobosum glabrum; sepala 5-5.) x 4.5=-5.6 mm, deltoidea acuta ciliata glabra. Petala 17-21 x 15= 21 mm, rhomboideo-obovata apice late obtusa vel rotundata purpurea glanduloso-ciliata glabra, Fila- menta ).5=5 x 1.5-1.7 mm. complanata; thecae 3.4-3.7 mm. longae lato=porosae poro 0,8 mm. diam.; connect- ivum infra thecas 1.3-1.7 mm, productum breviter bilobum ed basin. loborum 2 mm, latum. Stylus 16 mm, longus apice leviter clavatus; ovarium 6 x mm. 5- loculare apice dense setosum, Holotype: J, Cuatrecasas 18923 (NY), collected in "cabaceras del rio Palo, quebrada del rio Lopez: Quebrada del Duende", Dept. Cauca, Colombia, elev, 3400-3450 m., Dec. 2, 1944. Paratype: F. C,. Lehmann 195), Wurdack, Certamen l!elastomataceis 57 6038 (F), collected on the eastern slopes of Paramo de Guanacas, Dept. Cauca, Colombia, elev. 2300-2600 Me Cogniaux suggested (on the Berlin Herbarium specimen of the Lehmann collection) the specific epithet here used. The closest relatives are T, grossa (L.f.) Cogn. and T, reticulata (Bonpl.) Cogn., both with pubescent petals and much larger connective prolongation, The same area in Colombia has also yielded Brachyotum lymphatum Wurdack, from the same two collectors only. MICONIA HETEROTRICHA Wurdack, sp. nov, Sect, Eumiconia, M. decipienti Cogn, affinis sed cum foliis Sardanindaded: sian subtus parcius furfuraceis floribus grandioribus,. Frutex; rami rotunde h-angulati primum dense brunneo-stellato-furfuracei demum glabrescenti,. Petioli 5-10 mm. longi dense furfuracei, usque ad basin cum alis laminarum decurrentibus; lamina cori- acea 12-18 x 6-8.5 cm. oblongo-ovata apice satis (0.5-1.5 tm.) acuminata basi rotundata in petiolo decurrentia margine inconspicue ciliolato-denticulata denticulis 1/2-3 mm, vix 0.5 mm, profundis ciliolis mox deciduis breviter 5=plinervis (nervis tenuibus marginalibus exceptis) nervis secundariis prominent- ibus supra impressis subtus glevatis, supra sparse puberula pilis laxis 2-3/mm.“ 0.5=1 mm, longis (demum deciduis?), subtus sparse irregulariterque stellato-furfurgcea praecipue ad nervos et sparsis- sime (1/2) mm.“°) laxo=pilosa. Inflorescentia panic-= ulata ad apices ramulorum brevium cum floribus con- ferto-secundis dense stellato-furfuraceum; flores 5- meri sessiles bracteolati bracteolis triangularibus 1-1.3 x 0,8-1 mm, acutis. Hypanthium oblongum 3.- 3.5 (ad torum) x 2=2.2 mm. irregulariter stellato- furfuraceum; tubus calycis 0.5 mm. longus dentibus interioribus remotis deltoideis 0.2 mm. longis ex- terioribus quam interioribus 0.2 mm, longioribus subulatis seta breva praefixis. Petala 3 x 2.2 mm, oblongo-obovata haud profunde retusa dense papillosa, Filamenta 3.5 mm. longa; antherae 2.8=-3.5 mm. longae anguste oblongae uniporosae connectivo basi postice 0.6-0.8 mm. prolongo lobis duobus obtusis rectis vel leviter extrinsecus recurvis. Stylus 5.5 x 0.5 mm. basin versus sparsissime stellato-furfuraceus; stig- ma aliquid expansum 0.9 mm, latum; ovarium h-loculare loculo singulo 25=30-ovulato 2.3 mm, altum apice in collo tenui 0.5 mm, alto stellulato-coronato prolongo ‘parte inferiori 1.8 mm. alta. 58 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 2 Holotype: C. Sandeman 602 (K), collected at Bucaramanga (road to Cucuta), Dept. Santander, Colombia, elev. 8000 ft., May 19,8; "vy, floriferous shrub in full exposure. Dark green slightly glossy leaves with russet reverse, Cream-coloured flowers." Gleason has synonymized M. nigricalyx Gleason under M. decipiens Cogn, The petals of M, decipiens are not papillose, the larger stemen connectives are of slightly different shape, and the hypanthium is only 1.5=-2 mm. long with even, persistent, stellate pubescence; the lower leaf surface is persistently and densely furfuraceous and the upper surface gla- brous. M. chamissois Naud. suggests M. heterotricha in inflorescence form and leaf texture and shape, but differs greatly in pubescence and floral details, MICONIA POZOENSIS Wurdack, sp. nov. Sect. Eumiconia Glomeratiflorae, M. biglomeratss (Bonpl.) DC., M. campestri (Benth.) Tr., M. rhytid- ophyllae Naud., M. trichophorae Gleason affinis sed cum foliis obtusis valide bullatis floribus 6=meris, Rami teretes primum dense brunnéeo-stellato-fur- furacei demum fusci glabrati. Petioli 9-1) mm, longi pubescentia cum ea ramorum eadem; lamina 40-55 x 25-2 mm. ovata vel oblongo-ovata apice obtusa basi leviter (2=5 mm.) cordata 7-nervis (in foliis grand- ijoribus cum duobus additiciis tenuissimis marginal- ibus) margine denticulata denticulis 1/mm. 0.5 mm, profugdis, supra valide bullato-pustulata bullis 1/mm.© cum setis crassis 0.1-0.5 mm. longis praefixis pilis stellatis plusminusve persistentibus intermix- tis, subtus foveolata dense griseo-stellato=-toment- ulosa ramis pilorum gracilibus 0,2=0,l: mm. longis. Inflorescentia paniculeta ramulis glomerulos inter- rupto=spicatos gerentibus glomerulis 1-5 mm, longis pedunculetis, Flores 6—meri sessiles bracteolati bracteolis lanceolatis 2-5 x 0,3-0.8 mm, dense stel- lato-furfuraceis. Hypanthium campanulatum ¢2,le2.3 x 2mm. appresso-stellato-tomentulosum pilis simplic- ibus (rarissime glanduliferis) laevibus patulis sparse intermixtis; tubus calycis 0.7-0.6 mm, ultra torum dentibus interioribus 0,6-0.9 mm, longis tri- enguleribus exterioribus subulatis cum interioribus sequantibus vel vix brevioribus. Petala h.7-5 x 2.5= 2.7 mm. asymmetrice obovata vel oblongo-obovata gla- bra. Stamina isomorpha; fileamenta mm, longa; antheree 3 mm, longae lenceolatee, connectivo basi antice exappendiculato postice pro 0,5-0.7 mm. lev- iter incrasssto, Stylus 7 x 0.5 m.; stigma trun- catum non dilatatum; ovarium glabrum h-loculaere apice conicum in collo 0,5 mm, alto protractum, 195), Wurdack, Certamen Melastomataceis 59 Holotype: C. Sandeman eee (K), collected below the Paramo Pozo Alto, Ocana, Dept. "Santander" (del Norte?), Colombia, elev. 8000 ft., June 1948. "Shrub 3-) ft. high, white flowers, very floriferous. Full exposure," The closest relative of M. pozoensis is M, campestris which hes a puberulent 5-celled overy and glanduler branchlet hairs intermingled with the stel- late ones. The New York sheet of Schomburgk 961 the number cited by Cogniaux as M. biglomerata) has a tomentulose ovary apex; Gleason's notes on two Kew sheets indicate that this number may be a mixed cole lection since Cogniaux described the ovary of M. biglomerata as glabrous, Miconia Series Glomeratiflorae shows a strong relationship with Heterotrichum, having the same gen- eral pubescence, sepals, and anthers. The overial collar is variously developed in the various species; this group may well be one of the natural divergence points for Heterotrichum. Gleason has discussed, in connection with H. rostratum (Naud.) Gleason and H. OT ee (Benth.) Gleason, the relationship between eterotrichum and Miconia Sect. Octomeris, MICONIA LUTESCENS (BONPL.) DC. ssp. PIURENSIS Wurdack, SSp. NOV. : Folia minus dentata; dentes exteriores calycis vix prominentes non ultra dentes interiores promin- entes; hypanthium paulum grandius, Holotype: C. Ochoa 1753 (NY), collected in the Montana de Cuyas, Ayabaca, Dept. Piura, Peru, elev, 2200 m. Paratype: Ochoa 1790 (NY), from the same locality. In typical M,. lutescens the leaf margin sinuses ere 0,5-0.7 mm, deep between teeth; the exterior calyx teeth are 1 mm. long, projecting beyond the calyx lobes 0.7 mm.; and the hypanthium is about 2 mm. high to the torus. In ssp, piurensis the sinus- es are 0,2-0,3 mm, deep; the exterior calyx teeth are 0.5 mm. long, being exceeded slightly by the in- terior teeth; and the hypanthium is about 2.5 m, long to the torus, It should be noted that the ove- ry of both subspecies is h-locular, not 3-locular as stated by Naudin. Also the style is basally incon- spicuously flexuous-puberulent, as is the ovary apex, The type locality for ssp. lutescens is Saraguru, just west of Loja and only 60 km. north of Ayabaca,. MICONIA SANDEMANII Wurdack, sp. nov. Sect. Cremanium. M. pallidae Gleason, M. bi- acutee Cogn. et M. neriifoliae Tr. affinis sed cum 60 PHY TOL OG@EA Vol. 5, no. 2 dentibus exterioribus calycinis eminentibus et forma pubescentiaque foliorum differt, Rami teretes dense fusco-furfuraceo-tomentulosi. Petioli 7-10 mm. longi dense furfuraceo-tomentulosi; lamina 40-50 x 10-15 mm. anguste oblongo-elliptica basi acuta apice anguste acuta marginibus anguste recurvatis integris trinervis nervis primariis supra impressis subtus prominenter elevatis nervis lateral- ibus supra obscuris subtus anguste prominulenterque elevatis 1-1.5 mm, inter se distantibus, supra fusca primum furfuracea demum glabrata (radicibus pilorum ferrugineorum persistentibus a hyphis albidis fun- gorum infectis faciem "albido-punctuletam" dantibus), subtus prorsus densissime persistenterque furfuraceo= tomentulosi tomento primum ferrugineo demum pallid- iore. Inflorescentia paniculata dense furfuraceo-= tomentulosa; flores 5=meri sessiles aut brevissime (ad 1 mm.) pedicelleti bracteolis pedicellorum lin- earibus 0,5=-1 mm, longis caducis. Hypanthium 1,8-2 x 1.9 mm. campanulatum densissime ferrugineo-furfur- aceum; tubus calycis 0.3-C.4 mm. ultra torum dentibus interioribus hyalinis 0.2 mm. altis late ovatis ro- tundis dentibus exterioribus 1-1.1 mm. longis (ultra torum) late subulatis dentes interiores 0.4j-0.5 mm. superantibus. Petala 1.8 x 1.1 mm. oblonga retusa navicularia glabra. Filamenta 2.6-2.8 mm, longa; antherae 0,8-1 mm. longae oblique lateque h-porosese connectivo sub loculis dorsaliter breviter (0.3 mm.) bilobulato-prolongo aut recto-tuberculato ventraliter breviter (0,25-0.3 mm.) bilobulato. Stylus 3.3 x 0.25 mm.; stigma capitellatum 0.6 mm. latum; ovarium triloculare, Holotype: C. Sandeman 5837 (K), collected at Villavicencio, Intend. Meta, Colombia, elev. 1600 ft., March 1948. "Tall shrub with cream-coloured flowers.....semishade," Both M, biacuta and M,. neriifolia have squarish stems, larger leaves, less sharply prominulous lat- eral nerves on the lower leaf surface, and incon- spicuous exterior calyx teeth not exceeding the inner teeth. M. pallida has relatively wider less sharply acute leaves with pubescence persistent only on the veins beneath, a sparsely furfuraceous hypan- thium, and inconspicuous exterior calyx teeth, Per- haps the closest relative of M, sandemanii is an un- described species of Dr. Gleason's (to be besed on Cuetreceasas 2005) from Dept. El Valle, Colombia) whic as a more granular lower leaf surface and hy= panthial pubescence, larger flowers, deltoid nonpro-= jecting external calyx teeth, and a relstively short- ph Ra 0.6 mm, broad with a truncate non-dilated stigma, ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THE GENUS PRIVA. II Harold N. Moldenke PRIVA Adans. Literature: E. Mey., Comm, Pl. Afr. Austr. 275. 1837; Steud., Nom. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 208. 180; Steud., Nom. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 397..18h1; Mart. & Gal., Bull. Acad. Roy. Brux. 11 (2): 323-- 325. 18h; Bot. Zeit. 3: 587. 1845; Walp., Repert. : 36. 185; Flora, April 7, 1846, p. 207. 1846; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 532-535 & 572. 1817; C. Gay, Hist. Fis. Chile Bot. 5: [6], pl. 55. 1849; Schau. in Mart., Fl. Bras. 9: 177--180. 1351; Jaub. & Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: [57]--60 & 105--110, pl. 453--l55. 1853--1856; Hasskarl, Retzia 1: 56--57. 1855; Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind, 2: 906. 1859; Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 35 (2): 328-—- 329. 1862; Bocq., Adansonia 3: 212 [Rev. Verbenac. 116], pl. 18. 1863; Miers, Trans. Lynn. Soc. Lond. 27: 100--10. 1371; Gibert, Enum. Pl. Montevid. ). 1873; W. Ulrich, Internat. Wtrterb. Pflanzennamen. 1875; Benth. & Hook., Gen. Pl. 2 (2): 1137 & 11,5. 1876; S. Wats., Proc. Am. Acad. 18: 135. 1383; W. Miller, Dict. of English Names of Pl. Applied Cult. & Wild Pl. 138); S. Wats., Proc. Am. Acad. 23: 282. 1838; S. Wats., Proc. Am. Acad. 25: 160. 1890; Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew. 1: 350. 1893; Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 65. 189); Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 628 & 1248. 1895; Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. h (3a): lbh, 153, & 155, fig. 59 E. 1895; Thiselton-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 285. 1900; Rusby, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 80. 1900; Urb., Symb. Ant. : 534. 1903; E. G. Paris, Ind. Bryolog., ed. 2, 5: 33--61. 1906; Gerth van Wijk, Dict. Pl. Names 1066. 1911; Thiselton-Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: 206. 1912; Jacks., Proc. Linn. Soc. Bot. 1911-1912, Suppl. Ind. Linn. Herb. 116. 1912; Briq., Régl. Internat. Nom. Bot., ed. 2, 42. 1912; Urb., Symh. Ant. 7: 354. 1913; Léveillé in Fedde, Repert. 12: 534. 1913; Druce, Bot. Exch. Club Brit. Isles : 641. 1917; Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 7. 1921; Chiov., Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 115. 1923; Kobuski, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 13: 1--34, pl. 1-5. 1926; Koidz., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 3: 00. 1929; Alston in Trimen, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6: 231. 1931; Small, Man, Southeast. Fl. 110. 1933; Junell, Symb. Bot. Upsal. : 39--l3. 1934; Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 1: 1-76. 1936; Martyn, Ind. Phan. Jenman Herb. 65, mss. 1937; Moldenke, Chron. Bot. 3: 311. 1937; Standl., Field Mus. Publ. Bot. 18: 1012. 1938; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. 32. 1939; Moldenke, Lilloa : 302--30). 1939; Moldenke, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 522: 138--137. 1940; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. Iist Invalid Names 7--9, 30, 36, 30-0, h2, 43, Sh, & 55. 1940; Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 429--30. 1940; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 6, 7, 29, 36, 40, 43, & 4h. 1942; Moldenke in Lundell, Fl. Texas 3 (1): 70--71. 1942; Niemeyer & Stellfeld, Arquiv. Mus. Parana. 3: 18. 1943; Moldeike, Phytologia 2: lll. 1944; Reko, Bol. Soc. Bot. Mex. Ks 35. 1946; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Sucpl. 1: 19. 1947; Daniel, Verb. Cent. 61 62 Piney TO"h) Oe Son Vol. 5, MOL 2 Antiog. 5. 1947; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 12 & 159. 1948; Mol- denke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. 10, 23, 25, 31, 32, 3h, 36--h2, yh--58, GL. 6h, 66--68, 70, Ths 73 89, 97, 99°, 109 110, 115--120, 122, 12h, 125, 128--130, » 163, & 195% 19119; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 172--173. 199; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 276. 1950; Stellfeld, Trib. Farmac. 19 (10): 171. 1951; Molden- ke, Phytologia 3: 423--2h. 1951. Footnote 2 on page 62 of my monograph in Fedde, Repert. yl: 1—-76 (1936) is incorrect. According to Bot. Zeitung 3: 587 [Aug. 29, 1845], pages 1--192 of Walpers, Repertorium, volume h, were issued in 185, not 184) nor 1846. This fact was verified for me by the late Dr. John H. Barnhart. In regard to the date of publication of Jaubert & Spach, Tllustr. Pl. Orient. 5: pl. 53—l55, a letter from W. T. Stearn dated N vember 12, 1936, states: "Internal evidence (cf. pp. 105--110) indicates that they must have been published before November 1856; they were stamped at the British Museum, Bloomsbury, on 3 April 1856; as the British Museum subscribed to the work, parts would be received there within a month or two of their publication in Paris; accordingly it seems fairly safe to accept them as being published during the first quarter of 1856." On page 2, line 19, of my monograph, the word "Front." is a typographic error for "Frond." The common names "Drehling", "Eisenhart", and "velvet bur" are recorded for the genus. The genus Priva is placed in the Labiatae, section Verbeneae, by E. G. L. Reichenbach in lMtssler, Handb. Gewichsk., ed. 1, 1: xxxvi (1827) and ed. 3, 1: low. 1833; also by him in his Conspect. Reg. Veg. 1: 117 (1828) where he lists as synonyms Phryma Forsk. and Tortula Roxb. un=- der Priva Adans. Streptium Roxb. is given as a valid genus. — It is worthy of note here that the "Phryma caroliniensis Walt." sometimes found in literature and on herbarium sheets is actually a synonym of Stylodon carneus (Medic.) Moldenke. Explanation of the abbreviations employed for the names of herbaria in this and subsequent notes will be found in my book- let entitled "A list showing the location of the principal collections of Verbenaceae and Avicenniaceae", pp. 1--3 (192) and its Supplement 1, pp. 1--2 (1947) and in Phytologia 3: 179- nd a 3: 321 & 382 (1950), 3: 491 (1951), and h: 295 953). PRIVA ADHAERENS (Forsk.) Chiov. Literature: Forsk., Fl. Aegypt.-arab. cxv. 177; Forsk., Descr. Pl. Fl. Aegynt.-arab. 11). 1775; Vahl, Symb. Bot. 3: 6. 179k; Mirbel, Hist. Nat. Pl., ed. 2, 15: 233. 1805; Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 138--139. 1806; A. L. Juss., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 7: 70. 1806; Poir. in Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 8: 3h. 1808; Steud., Nom. Bot., ed. 1, 87h. 1821; E. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 275. 1837; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 553--55 & 556. (1847; Jaub. & Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: [59], pl. 455. 1856; 1954 Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 63 Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 628. 189); Chiov., Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 115. 1923; Kobuski, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 13: 9. 1926; Alston in Trimen, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6: 231. 1931; Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. Wis 39--2. 1936; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 36, 38, LO, 43, h6, & 5h. 19110; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 36 39, 1,0, 43, 47, & 57. 19h2; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: lll. 19h; toldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verben- ge . 1095 220,117,118, 122,°12), "& 195. 19h9. The name Priva dentata has been erroneously applied to spec- imens of Verbena supina L. in some herbaria. Fries states that P. adhaerens grows one-half meter tall in woods. ~~ ‘Additional citations: ARABIA: Yemen: Botta sen. [Hatg, Octo- bre 1837] (P, P), sen. [Djeunati] (P, P); Deflers ers 617 (P); Lunz a (er, Br, tu--LLO, Mu--l1), s.n. (B); Wahab s.n. ti duhalie > hills, May 190] (Ed) . ANGLO-EGYPTIAN SUDAN: Red Sea: Aylmer s. n. [Barra Kassala, 25/2/36] (K); Schweinfurth 54 (B, B). mt ERITREA: at akeandih 7T2ha (B, B, B, B). ABYSSINIA: Ellenbeck 2203 (B); Stecker s.n. CF 6 co 1800] (B). BRITISH SOMALILAND: Ellenbeck 182 (B), ~182a (B), 198 (B), 233 (B). KENYA: Ellenbeck 2322 (B). UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA: Natal: H H. Forbes 833 (Na-- 21503); Fries & Fries 3628 (S); J. M. Wood 1,092 (Na=-l,70) . COUNTRY UNDETERMINED: C. G. Shrenberg s.n. [Hanakel, Tagodele] (B), sen. [Tagodele] (B, B), s.n. [Tagodele % “ilet] (P). ILLUS- TRATIONS: Jaubert & Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: pl. 455. 1856 (P). PRIVA AFRICANA Moldenke Literature: Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 1: 36--37. 1936; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. 122 & 195. 199. Codd & Dyer describe the species as a shrublet, one foot tall, with mauve flowers,growing on limestone formations. it has been collected in anthesis in February and December. Additional citations: UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA: Transvaal: Codd & Dyer 3386 (N); Pole-Evans 196) (Af--22700); F. A. Rogers 22507 (N--fragment of type); Thode A.1758 (N--photo, Na——25138, Z--photo) ; Van Dam sen. [Dec. 192] (N). PRIVA ARMATA S. Wats. Literature: S. Wats., Proc. Amer. Acad. 25: 160. 1890; Mol- denke in Fedde, Repert. 1: 50--52. 1936; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. 31 & 195. 1949. The species has been collected in valleys, in anthesis and in fruit during July. Adcitional citations: MEXICO: Nuevo Leon: Pringle 1931 (Br-- isotype, Cb--isotype, Ed--isotype, F--109393--isotype, Me Me-- isotype, Mu--11)--isotype, Mu-—1h16-~isotype, Ob--isotype, Pa- isotype, Us--isotype, Vt~--isotype, Vu--isotype), 2674 (F-- 263110, Io--38716, Me, Me). PRIVA ASPERA H.B.K. Literature: H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. Pl. 2: 278. 1818; 6h, P..H-Y.T..0, LiOsG Tek | Vol. 5, nOwee Schrad., Ind. Sem. Hort. G&tting. 1831; Schrad., Linnaea 8, Litteratur—Bericht 2). 1833; Mart. & Gal., Bull. Acad. Roy. Brux. 11 (2): 32h. 18h; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 534—-535. 1817; Mann, Enum, Hawaiian Pl. 194. 1867; Wawra, Flora 58: 252. 1875; Hillebrand, Fl. Hawaiian Isls. 31. 1888; S. Wats., Proc. Amer, Acad. 23: 282. 1888; Drake, I1l. Fl. Ins. Mar. Pac. 1: 250. 1890; Kobuski, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 13: 20. 1926; Junell, Symb. Bot. Upsal. : 39--l2, fig. 76 a & b. 193k; Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 1: 54--57. 1936; Standl., Field Mus. Publ. Bot. 18: 1012. 1938; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 7, 38, & 39. 1940; Gentry, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 527: 223-— 22h & 306. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 6 & 39. 1942; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 111. 194); tloldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. 31, 36, 38, 39, 163, & 195. 19195 Matuda, Am. Midl. Nat. i: 576. 1950. Additional synonymis are Priva aspera DC. ex lioldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 38, in syn. 190; Priva orizaba Wats. ex oldenke, op. cit. 39, in syn. 190; Priva rugosa A. DC. ex Moldenke, op. cit., 39, in syn. 190. The type collection of Priva aspera is Humboldt & Bonpland 4323 at Paris, sometimes referred to as Herb. Bonpland },323 . The species has been collected in anthesis and in fruit in Jan- uary, February, and from July thromgh December. The Bourgeau 2950 collection is a mixture, at least in some herbaria, of this species and Lantana achyranthifolia Desf, The Collector undesignated s.n. in the DeCandolle Herbarium at Geneva was er- roneously determined as Antirrhinum sp.; Hahn 289 was determin—- ed as Basella sp.; Pringle 207 and Tttrckheim 11.1628 were pre~ viously determined by herbarium workers as "P. echinata Juss.", Me. E. Jones 7323 and Edw. Palmer 1999 as "P. hispida", M. E. Jones s.n. as "P, orizaba Wats.", Brenes 17215 as P. lappulacea (L.) Pers., and J. R. Johnston 1613 as P. mexicana (L.) Pers. The Tonduz s.n. [Herb. Instit. Physico-geogr. Nat. Costaric. 8207] cited by me on page 57 of my monograph as from "Province undetermined" in Costa Rica, is actually from San José. Drawings of cross-sections of the ovary of this species are seen in the Junell reference cited above. The species has been collected at altitudes of 1200 to 1950 meters; in Chihuahua it has been found at 7000 feet. Galeotti describes it as "rare", with reddish-white or rose flowers. Gentry, in the reference cited above, says that the.species inhabits hillslopes and canyon-bottoms in the oak forest and lower pine zones, at alti- tudes of )000 to 5000 feet. He describes it as an infrequent shrub-like perennial herb with a woody base and long, slender, arching branches when growing on the slopes or else rank and completely herbaceous when growing in moist bottoms, 1 to 2 meters tall, with lavender flowers blooming in summer. He also found it among pines in small gullies in the Transition and Upper Sonoran zones, where, he says, it is a shrub 1 to 2 metes tall, with thick hollow stems. 1954 Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 65 Hinton describes the species as 1 to 3 meters tall, with pink or red flowers, growing in woods, on barrancas or llanos, in arroyos, and along stone fences, He records the vernacular names "salvia alta" and "pengua", and says the plant is medicin- al. Stanford found it on mountains with luxuriant vegetation and describes the flowers as blue, This collection was mis- identified as P. mexicana (L.) Pers. by I. M. Johnston. Purpus found the plant on moist rocky slopes; Standley on brushy slopes and in damp or wet thickets, calling it a large, erect, ascending, or decumbent herb with shiny black fruit and pale- purple or blue flowers. Shreve found it growing in open shrub- bery. The Muellers describe the flowers as white, with purple on the inside of the upper lip. Sharp collected the species at the edge of a bluff and describes it as an herb 3 to 5 feet tall, with pink flowers. Some specimens of Galeotti 792, type collection of P. trach- elioides Mart. & Gal., bear printed labels indicating that they were collected in Oaxaca; others state in longhand that they are from near Morelia in Michoac4n, It is probable that the latter is correct for all the specimens of this collection. The Hawaiian material, such as St. John, Baker, Coulter, Fos- berg, & Yuncker 12717, distributed as Priva aspera is actually Salvia occidentalis Sw. Dr. Fosberg, in a letter to me dated January 30, 1939, tells me that the name Priva aspera first ap- peared in the literature on Hawaiian botany in Mann's Enumera- tion of Hawaiian Plants, page 19), (1867) and was based on Mann & Brigham 74, which I have seen and which is Salvia occidental- is. It later appeared in Wawra's account in Flora 58: 252 (1875), Hillebrand's Flora of the Hawaiian Islands, page 31 (1888), and in Drake's Ill. Fl. Ins. Mar. Pac. 1: 259 (1890). Wawra's specimen is preserved in Vienna. The Schultes & Reko at Koali in January, 1912. Additional citations: MEXICO: Chiapas: Matuda 168 (Ld, Mh, Mi, N), 4885 (Ld, Mh), S.221 (La, Mi). Chihuahua: Gentry 252) (Ca--582115, F--862365, Fs, Ge, La, Me, S), 252ib (La); M. E. Jones 7323 (Du--19112, Po--8631)), s.n. [Guayanopa Canyon, _ Sept. 2, 1903] (Du--15599h, Po--8191, Po--8)193); LeSueur 1187 (Au, F--885656); Pringle 287 (F--2627)5, Io--38717, Me, Me, Me, P1--22600, Po--158]79, Up--17059, Vt, Vt); Townsend & Barber 422 (Ed, F--10312), P). Durango: Shreve 9138 (Fs, Mi). Federal District: Ghiesbreght 167 (P, P). Guerrero: Hinton 9601 (Au, K, N), 10687 (Au, N, N), 11517 (Du--290382, N, N); A. J. Sharp 4176 (N). Jalisco: Edw. Palmer 500 (Me, P, Pa, Us, Vu). Mex- ico: Hinton 459 (K, N), 4813 (Au, K, N), 485 (N). Michoac4n: Arséne 15 (F--387226), 2545 (P), 2796 (Cm), 5292 (P), 9796 (Ur), ‘s.n. (Rincon, 8/9/1910] (Br, P); Galeotti 792, in part (N—- —— photo, P, Z--photo); Hinton 12170 (N, N), 13154 (Au, La, N), 66 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 2 15625 (Au, N, N); Humboldt & Bonpland 4323 [Macbride photos 39475] (F--1038)08-—photo of type, Kr——photo of type, N--photo of type, P--type, P--isotype, Z--photo of type). Morelos: E. Iyonnet 252 (W——-174835) 3 Moldenke & Moldenke 1980 (Es, Lg, N, Or, Sm). Nayarit: Edw. Palmer 1999 (F--22279, Fs, Mi). Nuevo Leon: Mueller & Mueller 1131 (Me). Oaxaca: Galeotta 792, in part (Br). Puebla: A. J. "Sharp 44938 (N). Sonora: Gentry 1735 (Ge, La). Tamaulipas: Stanford, “Retherford, & Northeraft 1026 (N). Veracruz: Botteri 619 (P), 620 (P); Bourgeau 1505:4P; Ps 2749 (P), 2950, in part , (Br, Mu--1285, N, P, P, P, P, P, Vu), 3118, in part (Br, P, P); Galeotti 2613 (Br, Br, P); Hahn 289 (P), sen. [23 Décemb.] (P); Purpus 1921 (F--201528, Vu), uu), 16230 (F—-773753, K, K, N, N)3 Schiede 136 (Mu--32); Seaton 65 (F= (F-- 266850); Ae Je sharp 41672 (N). State undetermined: Abbén Sone [San Augustine, 8.1911] (P); Andrieux 139 (De, P); Collector — undesignated s.n, [1826] (De); Schiede 90 (P). GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: Ttirckheim II.1628 (Br, Br, Ed, “N). Chimaltenango: J.R. Johnston 829 (F--898960), 8960), 1074 (F--907629), 1613 (F--10)1692); P. C. Standley 57860 (F--993527, N), 79925 (N). Guatemala: P. C. Standley 59750 (F--981668). Sacatepéquez: P. C. Standley 63310 — (F--982591, N). Department undetermined: Savage s.n. [186] (P). COSTA RICA: Alajuela: Brenes 17215 (F--859585, N). San José: Kuntze s.n. [VI.74] (F=--297635); H. Pittier 6953 (Br); Tonduz 6953 (Br), 8207 (Br, Br). CULTIVATED: England: Herb. Hort. Boyn- ton s.n. (7) Germany: Herb. Hort. Monacensis s.n. wn. (Br 3 Herb. Zueearini s Son. (Mu-- 33, h-—h 34) PRIVA BAHIENSIS P. DC. . Literature: Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 533. 1817; Schau. in Mart., Fl. Bras. 9: 179--180 & 307, pl. 50. 1851; Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ) (3a): 155. 1895; Voldadiies in Fedde, Repert. 1: 48--50. 1936; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. 89, 99, & 195. 199. On page 48 of my monograph I erroneously accredit this binom- ial to "A. DC." Actually, it was first proposed by the older Augustin Pyramus de Candolle and so should be accredited to "P. DC.", the abbreviation usually employed for this man. The species has been said to inhabit fields. It has been col- lected in anthesis in January and June, and in fruit in June. Schery describes it as an herb 3 dm. tall, with lavender flowers, growing on red sandy soil in xerophytic "caatinga", Additional citations: BRAZIL: Bahia: Blanchet 745 (De), 1027 [Macbride photos 7857] (De--cotype, Kr--photo of cotype, Pas + \ cotype); Martius 2195 (Iu--35--cotype), s SoM. (Mu-~l,36--cotype, Mu--)37--cotype, Mu--l38--cotype, Mu--h39--cotype); Salzmann 438 (De), sen. [1831] (Ed--cotype); S Schery 91 (i). Pernambuco: Pickel 561 [He [Herb. Inst. Bot. S%o Paulo 20098] (Sp), 2616 (Mi). State undetermined: Herb. Rio de Janeiro 32276 (Ja). ~ TLLUSTRA- 195) Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 67 TIONS: Mart., Fl. Bras. 9: pl. 50. 1851 (B). PRIVA BOLIVIANA Moldenke Literature: Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 172--173. 19,9; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 289. 1950. Rojas describes the species as suffrutescent, 3--l; dm. tall, with blue-lilac flowers. Peredo says it is ) to 8 dm. tall, with violet flowers. It has been collected at altitudes of 350 meters, blooming in January and larch. Additional citations: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz: Peredo s.n. [29. 1.47] (N--type, N--isotype, Ug--isotype). PARAGUAY: T. '. Rojas 7249 (N). PRIVA CORDIFOLIA (L. f.) Druce Literature: L. f., Suppl. 287. 1781; Roxb., Pl. Coromand,. 2: 25, pl. 146. 1798; Willd., Sp. Pl. 3: 359. 1801; Rottl., Gesell. Naturforsch. Freunde berlin, Neue Schrift. h: 222, 1603s" as Wh. Juss., Ann, iius. Hist. Nat. Paris 7: 70. 1806; Gill. & Hook. in Hook., Bot. Misc. 1: 163. 1830; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr "Tis 533. 1847; Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew. 1: 350. 1893; Thiselt.- Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 285. 1900; Zahlbr., Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien 20: 45. 1905; Briq., Régl. Internat. Nom. Bob's; ‘eds 2; "h2. 1912; Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: 206--207. 1912; Druce, Rep. Bot. Exch. Club Brit. Isles : 61. 1917; Woldenke in Fedde, Repert. 1: )2--5. 1936; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 8, 38, 3, & hb. 1910; Moldenke, Alph, List Invalid Names 395 3, , & 45. 192; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 217. 19k; Razi, Journ. ttysore Univ. 7 (): 63. 1946; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib, Verbenac. 12), 125, 128-130, 163 & 195. 199; Razi & Govindu, Journ. Ind. Bot. Soc. 28: 226. 1919; Govindu, Journ, }ysore Univ. 10 (1): 8. 1949; Razi, Journ. lysore Univ. 11 (2): 48. 1950; Santapau, Pl. Saurashtra 31. 1953. An additional synonym is Verbena forskaelaei Vahl ex Rottl., Gesell. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, Neue Schrift. h: 222. 1803. I have examined the type specimen of Bttchnera cordifolia L. f. It is sheet mmber 2 under Buchnera in the Linnean Herbarium and is labeled "cordifolia" in the handwriting of Linnaeus and "Konig 77" in the hand of the younger Linné. On the reverse side is the following diagnosis in the hand of the younger man: "Buchnera Tanschaurense - foliis oppositis cordatis dentatis seminibus nuciformibus echinatis. Habitat ad marginas hortorum raras in India. Ktnig". The Vahl specimen cited below was originally identified as "Verbena forsk&lei Vahl" and "Priva dentata Pers."" Zahlbruckner in the reference cited above cites Krook s.n. [Penther 1776] as "P, leptostachya Juss.", but this collection is actually the type - collection of P. cordifolia var. australis loldenke. The synonymous binomial F. leptostachya ascribed by me on page )2 of my monograph to "Juss." should actually be accredited to "A. L. Juss." The Vinzent s.n. from Rusk County, Texas, and Herb. Harvey 68 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, -titteue s.n. [Texas, 1853; Dudley Herb. 297538], distributed as this ‘species, are actually Phryma leptostachya L., while the Meebold 12826 from Natal, also . distributed as "Priva leptostachya Juss.', is actually ena litoralis H.PB.K. Wight states that P. cordifolia is found "In rubbish near tanks under the shade of trees. I first met with this plant at Samulcotta, perhaps in the same place that Roxburgh first saw it. Since then I found it at Frualore near Sanpore and a few other places. It may however be considered a rare plant." Razi records it from lysore and calls it a therophyte (according to the Raunkiaer classification of life-forms). Govindu records it from Bangalore and says that it blooms there from August to Oct- ober. It has also been collected in anthesis in January and July. Bulkley records the vernacular name of "watray cheddy". Additional citations: INDIA: Bombay: Meebold 11279 (B). Mad- ras: W. H. Campbell s.n. (Ed); Konig 77 (It--photo of type, N— photo of type, Z--photo of type); Leschenault 852 (P, P); Rox- burgh s.n. [Samulcotta] (Br, Br). Mysore: G. Thomson s.n. [Mai- sor & Carnatic] (B, Mu--l55, P). Punjab: J. R. . Drummond 26708 (Cb, Ed, P), 26711 (Ed). State undetermined: E "Edw. Bulkley s.n. [Fort St. George in East India, 1700] (Ed); B. Heyne 181) (B); Herb. Link s.n. (B); Rottler 295 [Penins. Ind. meretm e LSh); R. W Re Wight SN (Trichinopoly] (Ed). BURMA: Upper Burma: Shaik Mokim 25 (Po--6351, Us); Wallich 2657d [381] (De). CUL- TIVATED: D: England: Salisbury 100 (De). Ge Germany: Herb. Hort. Bot. Berol, s.n. (B); Herb. Zuccarini s.n. [Hort. Bot. Monac.] (Mu— 156). India: F. B. Hamilton 1327 (Ed); Wallich 79 (Br), 27h (P, P), 2657 (De), 2657¢ (De), 2657e (P), 2675¢ (B, B), 2675e (B). LOCALITY OF COLLECTION UNDESIGNATED: Collector undesignated SoM. (Ed, Ed); Herb. Engler s.n. (B); Herb. Thunberg s.n. (Th); Sal- isbury s.n. [1816] (2); “Vahl s.n. Gate s(Q).. PRIVA CORDIFOLIA var. ABYSSINICA (Jaub. & Spach) Moldenke Literature: Jaub. & Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: [57]—58, pl. 453 & WS. 1856; Briq. in ingl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. (3a): 153, fig. COR, 1895; Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 41: 45— 7. 1936; Moldenke, Prelim, Alph. List Trvalid Names 38. 190; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 39. 1942; Moldenke, Phytolo- gia 2: i 194; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. 109, 110, 116--120, 122, 12h, & 195. 199. Herb. to 1 m. tall; stems erect, mostly branching, sharply tetragonal, strigillose-puberulent or becoming subglabrate in age, brown or purplish in drying,rather leafy; nodes annulate, often decussately contracted; branchlets similar to the stems in all respects but usually more densely strigillose; principal in- ternodes 3.5--9.5 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, numerous; petioles slender, 0.5--l.1 cm. long, strigillose-pubescent or puberulent; blades chartaceous, dark-green above, somewhat lighter beneath, ovate, 2--9.5 cm. long, 1.3--7.5 cm. wide, ab- 195 Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 69 ruptly acute at the apex, rather coarsely serrate from the wid- est part to the apex with rather large acute teeth, subtruncate or subcordate at the base, with the very center usually slightly prolonged into the petiole, usually rather densely strigillose or substrigose above, densely strigillose and also puberulent beneath; midrib slender, slightly prominulous beneath, visible above; secondaries very slender, or 5 per side, ascending, not much arcuate, prominulous beneath, usually not visible above; vein and veinlet reticulation delicate, indiscernible above, of- ten obscure beneath; inflorescence terminal, terminating the stems and branchlets, subspicate during anthesis, racemiform in fruit, many-flowered, 9.5——-36 cm. long, 0.6--2 cm. wide; pedun- cles continuous wiih the stems or branchlets and similar to them in all respects, 1.5--3.7 cm. long, but usually more dense- ly strigillose; rachis similar to the pecuncle in all respects, the flowers distinctly spiral-alternate, but often pseudo—secund; prophylla linear-subulate, 1—l mm. long, strigillose, one sub- tending each flower; pedicels obsolete in anthesis or to 1 m. long and puberulent-strigillose, in fruit elongated to 3 mm. and wide-spreading, often pseudo-secund; calyx tubular, regular, a- bout 6 mm. long and 3.3 mm. wide, usually widest below the mid- dle, densely short-tomentose on the outer surface with uncinate ' hairs about 0.1 mm. long and interspersed among them scattered straight hairs about 0.5 mm. long, 5-ribbed, its rim 5-toothed, with narrowly triangular teeth about 0.5 mm. long and 0.3 mn, wide at the base; corolla rosy-white or white with 3 mauve stripes, hypocrateriform, zygomorshic, glabrous on the outer surface, its tube broadly cylindric, curvate, venose, decidedly twisted, about 11.) mm. long on the abaxial and 13 mm. long on the axial side, about 2.8 mm. wide at the base, ampliate to 3.6 mm. below the apex, somewhat pilose with scattered hairs within, its limb 2-lipped, 5-parted, the central abaxial lobe about 2 mm. long and 3.1 mm. wide, the two lateral abaxial lobes each about 2 mm. long and 2.6 mm. wide, and the two axial lobes each about 1.8 mm. long and 2.6 mm, wide, all the lobes broadly elliptic-lingulate and rounded; fertile stamens 4, didynamous, | included, the upper pair inserted about 8.3 mm. and the lower pair about 6.2 mm. above the base of the corolla-tube; filaments filiform, about 1.3 mm. long, pilose throughout; anthers ovate, about 0.6 mm. long and 0.3 mm. wide, dorsifixed at about the middle, the thecae only slightly divergent at the base; stamin- ode obsolete; pistil included; style capillary, twisted, about 6.2 mm. long, glabrous, somewhat widened at the base, very much ampliate at the apex and 2-lobed, the front lobe erect, about O.2 mm, long, and stigmatiferous, the rear lobe very obscure and tooth-like; ovary oblong, about 1.3 mm. long and 0.5 mm. wide, obscurely l-lobed at the apex, glabrous, l-celled, l-ovulate; fruiting-calyx thin-membranous, inflated, enclosing the fruit and very shortly rostrate at the apex, 5.5--7 mm. long, 7--8 mm, Wide, densely hirsutulous throughout on the outer surface with uncinate whitish hairs, sometimes interspersed with longer straight hairs, glabrous within; schizocarp flattened, oblate, 70 PH Y 2-0.4..0,6, 2.8 Vol. 5, opus composed of two exactly similar closely joined dry 2-celled cocci, each mature coccus about mm. long and 3 mm. wide, the dorsal surface and sides densely short=-puberulent, the dorsal surface echinate with two parallel longitudinal marginal rows of straight sharp spines, each spine plainly separate to the base and O.l--1 mm. long, the area between the rows of spines scrobic- ulate-reticulate or sometimes also more or less verruculose, the sides scribiculate-reticulate on the half adjoining the rows of spines, the remainder transversely parallél-ridged with long slender ridges, the commissural surface deevly excavated and widely thin-margined, the apex of the margins usually involute and not ridged, The variety has been collected at altitudes of 3000 to 5000 feet in Eritrea. It inhabits rocky places and has been collected in anthesis in January and May. The binomials Zapania arabica Poir. and Tamonea arabica Mirb. are sometimes considered as synonymous with this variety, but actually these names are based on the Verbena forsk&laei of Vahl and are thus synonyms of Priva adhaerens (Forsk.) Chiov. The Forbes s.n. cited below has leaves that are strangely small for this variety; Pappi 3873 has cocci with hardly any central cavity; Bachmann 1153 has characters that point toward P. meyeri Jaub, & Spach. The Schimper 153 collection was misid- entified as Scrophularia arguta Sol. at Berlin. Additional citations: ARABIA: Yemen: Deflers 85 (P), 392 Ce ANGLO-EGYPTIAN SUDAN: Red Sea: Schweinfurth rth 133 (B). ABYSSINIA: Ellenbeck 990 (B); Schimper 153 (B, B, B), 565 (P--5 isotypes, Vu--isotype), 1023 (B, P). ERITREA: Papp 180 (B), 3873 (N, S)5 Schimper 37 (B, B, Cb); Steudner 1301 (B, B). UGANDA: Dttmmer 30 (Ed » Ed, P). TANGANYIKA TERRITORY: Scheffler 113 (B). KENYA: Hildebrandt 2616 (B); Mearns 2313 (B Br); F.T Thomas III.132 (B). BRITISH NYASALAND PROTECTORATE: J Je Buchanan 887 (B). UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA: Cape of Good Hope: Bachmann 1153 (B). Natal: H. M. L. Forbes 477 (Na--20191), s.n. [Berea, January 1931] (Ms). Transvaal: He Bolus 10970 (Af--22688, Na--9968); Leendertz 333 (Na--15689); Repton 182 (Af--22690) ; F. A. Rogers 21007 (Aires 22692) ; C. Aw ~ Smith 2299 (Af--22689); V Verdoorn 650 . (Af--22691) ; R. Goths, L Young 3.62 4.623 ) (Herb, Transvaal lis. 34633] (Na——27366). State undetermined: E. Wall 16 [Matumba, white River, 2h/1038] (Ew). MADAGASCAR: Decary 3792 (P). LOCALITY OF COLLECTION UN- DESIGNATED: Werb. Baillon s.n sen. (P); Herb. Van den Bossche s.n. [Hort. Thenensis III.323, in part] (B); Revoil 90 [Comalis] (P). ILLUSTRATIONS: Jaubert & Spach, Ill. Pl. “Orient. 5: pl. 53. tis (P); Kobuski drawing 8 (z), 17 (E); Ostenmeyer drawing 153 (Vv). PRIVA CORDIFOLIA var. AUSTRALIS Moldenke Literature: Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 1: 47. 19363 Molden- ke, Knowm Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 52 & 99. 192; 195 Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 71 [ed. 2], 122 & 195. 199. The Van Dam specimen cited below was originally identified as var. abyssinica (Jaub. & Spach) Moldenke. Additional citations: UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA: Transvaal: Brey- er son. [11.1918] (N); T. J. Jenkins 6701 (Tm); Leendertz 333 (Tm—-85),9) ; Meeuse 9123 ey. 9177 (Z), » 9216 (Z); Obermeyer 10 1011 (Tm--3158)); Van D Van Dam s. SoM. [III.1920] (N). PRIVA CORDIFOLIA var. FLABELLIFORMIS Moldenke Literature: Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 1: )7--8. 1936; Loes. in Mildbr., Wiss. Ergebn. Deutsch. Zent.-Afr.-Exp. 1907- 1908, 2: 281. 1911; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. [ed. ay U9, 50, & 99. 19}2; Robyns, Fl. Spermat. Pare Nat. Albert 2: 139. 19)7; Moldenke , Known Veogr. Distrib. Verbenac. fed. 2], "115-117, a a hs ig & 195. 199. Robyns in the reference cited above gives "P, leptostachya Juss." as a synonym of this variety, but actually it is a syno- nym of the typical form of the species. The variety is referred to as P. leptostachya also by Loesener in the reference cited above. _ The species is said by collectors to grow on forest floors, at forest edges, along roadsides, in savannas and grassy savan- nas, and among granite rocks. Brass describes it as common on grassy beaches. It has been found at altitudes 800 to 1290 meters. It has been collected in anthesis and fruit from January to May, in July, and from September to November. Sturgeon de- scribes the plant as 2 feet tall; Robyns says it grows to half a meter tall, while Brass found it one meter tall. The flowers are described as white to mauve or rosy—white. Additional citations: BELGIAN CONGO: Bequaert 3302 (Br, Br), 4198 (Br); DeGraer 731 (Br, Br); Lebrun 1,353 (Br, Br), 4592 (Br, Br). UGANDA: Linder - 2669 (B); Stuhlmann 1323 (B), 8231 fale TANGANYIKA TERRITORY: Hthnel 68 (B); &n Engler ler 112 (Hi 1056a (B); Holst 3454 (B); Mildbraed aed 2757 (B, B); Schlieben 1576 (B, (B, Br, Cb, C Cb, K, K, Mu), 3231 (B--isotype, B——isotype, B--isotype, Br=~ isotype, dis-apotype: P=-isotype). SOUTHERN RHODESIA: N. C. Chase 1,566 [Govt. Herb. Salisbury 3755] (Br, Le, N, Z); Hack Sn. sen. [14/3/50] (Rh=-27 329) ; Je Cie Hopkins Sn. [19. > 3] (Rh-- 9733); Sturgeon s.n. (Rh--18101) ; Wild 1911 [Govt. Herb. Salis- _ bury 1602] (Rh--1602, s), 3048 (Rh--252h5). BRITISH NYASALAND PROTECTORATE: Brass 17847 (N). PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA: Quelima- ne: H. Faulkner "Pretoria 112" (N). PRIVA CURTISIAE Kobuski Literature: Kobuski, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 13: 7, pl. 2. 1926; Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. ll: 52--5h. 1936; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. [ed. 1], 50 & 99. 192; fed, ra aa i Te 9 2118, & 195. 199. Additional citations: KENYA: A. G. Curtis 199 (S--photo of type, Z--photo of type). TANGANYIKA TERRITORY: Petzholtz 153 72 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 2 (B); Volkens 215) (B, Ed). PRIVA DOMINGENSIS Urb. Literature: Urb., Symb. Ant. 7: 354. 1913; Ciferri, Atti Inst. Bot. Univ. Pavia IV, 8: 104. 1936; Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 1: 21--23. 1936; *Woldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verb- enac. [ed. 1], 26 & 99. 192; [ed. 2], 48 & 195. 199. Additional citations: HISPANIOLA: Dominican Republic: Ekman H.13737 (N); Valeur 186 (S). Hafti: Leonard & Leonard 13037 (K—- fragment). PRIVA GRANDIFLORA (Ort.) Moldenke Literature: Ort., Hort. Matr. Dec. 2. 1797; Mart. & Gal., Bull. Acad. Roy. Brux. 11 (2): 323. 18h; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 555. 1847; S. Wats., Proc. Amer. Acad, 18: 135.1883; Kobuski, Ann, Mo. Bot. Gard. 13: 17. 1926; Perry, Ann. Mo, Bot. Gard. 20: 32. 1933; Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. fa: 1j—17. 1936; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph., List Invalid Names 39, 43, & 8. 19110; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. [ed. 1], 18, 7h, & 99. 192; Woldenke, Alph, List Invalid Names 39, hh, & 50. 1942; Moldenke, Phytolocia 2: 111. 19k; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 142. "196; Moldenke, Alph, List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 19 & 2h. 1947; Moldenke Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. [ed. 2], 31, 163, & 195. 19h9. Synonymy: Verbena grandiflora Ort., Hort. Matr. Dec. 2. 1797, Verbena rhinanthifolia Mart. & Gal., Bull. Acad. Roy. Brux, 11 (2): 323. 184. Priva tuberosa S, Wats., Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 135. 1883. Priva rhinanthifolia (Mart. & Gal.) B. L. Robinson ex Kobuski, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 13: 17. 1926. Tozzia mexicana Schaffner ex Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 1: 1), in syn. 1936. Priva rhibanthifolia (Mart. & Gal.) Griff. ex Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. ll: 1h, in syn. 1936; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List In- valid Names 39, in syn. 190. Verbena tuberosa Sessé & Moc. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 49, in syn. 190 [not V. tuberosa R. Graham]. In my monograph I used the name Priva rhinanthifolia for this species because I did not then know of the earlier specific epithet of Ortega. The original description by Ortega of his Verbena grandiflora says of the leaves "Folia sessilia, ovato= oblonga, superne dentata, denticulis remotis; venoso-lineata, scabra, undulata", Perry in the reference cited above says of this plant of Ortega: "Although the description is inadequate for positive identification, the phrase "Semina saepius duo! would seem to indicate that the species does not belong in the genus Verbena." The specimen from the Botanical Garden at Mad- rid, cited below, settles the identity of the plant in question. The Rusby 321° and Bourgeau 357 cited by me on page 15 of my monograph as from the state of Iéxico are actually from the Fed- eral District. The Herb. Prager ae cited below was mis—iden- tified as "Verbena littoralis Humb.". ', the Bourgeau 357 at Stock 1954 Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 73 holm as "Lantana sp.", and Shreve 9179 as "Verbena sp." The flowers are described by collectors as lavender, rose, or lilac-pink. The species has been found in anthesis from June to September and in fruit from July to September. The flowers on Balls 923 are 2 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide even when dried. The species is said by collectors to inhabit rich sioist soil of open woodlands, oak woods, open grasslands, dry dirch banks, grassy hills, calcareous soil, and hillsides under oaks, and to be found in grass by cornfields and on bare hills, at altitudes from 2100 meters to 8000 feet. The Pringle 159 and 1h7 col- lections show the underground tubers very well, especially on the University of Vermont specimens. Balls describes the species as prostrate, spreading, with stems to 18 inches long, tuberous- rooted, forming loose mats to 13 inches across, with pale-mauve flowers to half an inch across, with a light center and with wavy margins on the petals and somewhat hairy leaves,growing on dry open hills among grasses and scattered shrubs and in open sandy stretches among grass, etc., on the edge of old lava flows. Additional citations: MEXICO: Chihuahua: LeSueur 95 (Au, Au, F--337321, SR agg Pringle 159 (F--262927, le, Me, Vt), 3057 (F—-1095 32, Ii, Mu--]163, Pa). Durango: Edw, Palmer 396 (F—-213123), 2 (7251503); Shreve 9179 (Fs, Tu--35527). " Feder- al District: Balls 4923 (W--1793738), , 5665 (J--1793888)5; F. A. Barkley 161:996e (Au); B en 357 (Br, Mu--1339, 8); Har shber— ger ger 198 (Up, Ur--17060); Kenoyer A.61) (F--1000702, in part); Ee E. Lyonnet 596 (N, W--1642921); MacDaniels T17 (Ba, F--8677h2); Miranda & | & Barkley 16M996 (Au, N, Si), 1619960 (S); Miranda, Barkley, . & Rowell 7hL8 (Au). Hidalgo: Mexia 2743 (Ca--l]2 265) 5 Pringle 7586 (F=-120251) ; F, Salazar sen. [Agosto 10, 1913] (Mie). México: MacDaniels 552 (Ba); Matuda 21185 (N), "26167 (2), 26291 (Z); Pringle 7516 (La). michoacdn: Hinton 1320) (Au, N, N, N); K Kenoyer A.612a (F=-1000702, in part); Olfer Olfers 833 (B); Pringle 147 (Br, Ed, F--26045, Fs, Me, Me, Me, Mu--178), Ob— 50745, P, Vt, Vu). basen? Galeotti 79h, (Br, Forphiotstt N--photo, Si=—proto, cate) State undetermined: Herb. Prager 18636 (Gg--31bh) ; Schmitz 653 [Cerro de Alberto, Las Remedios; Herb. Reichenbach f. 280766] ( (V), Sen. Cae Hai Reichenbach f. 120153] (V); Sessé, Mocifio, Castillo, & Maldonado 22) (P= 846478, Q), 123 F930] (F-86196, Q). CULTIVATED: Spain: Herb. Jard. Bot. Madrid s.n. (Q). ILLUSTRATIONS: Kobuski drawing 13 _ 13 (B--925L06), 22 ¢ 22 (E--925)05). PRIVA HUMBERTI Moldenke Literature: Noldenke, Phytologia 3: 423—-h2h & 459. 1951. Additional citations: MADAGASCAR: Humbert 1992 (N--fragment of type, N--photo of type, P--type, Z--photo of type). PRIVA LAPPULACEA (L.) Pers. 7h PH Y.T:O-LrO.G-IeA Vol. 5, move Literature: Sloane, Cat. Pl. Ins. Jamaic. 66. 1696; Sloane, Hist. Pl. Jamaic.s 1: 17h,--pls 110, fig. 1. 17073 Lez Boe Foae ed. 1, 19. 1753; P. Browne, Hist. Nat. Jamaic. 116. 1756; Loefl., Iter Hisp. 19). 1758; Jacq., Obs. Bot. 37, pl. 2h. 1764; Lam., Tabl. Encycl. Méth. Bot. 1: 59. 1791; Bot. Zeit. Regensb. 5: 321--330. 1806; Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 139. 1806; A. L. Juss., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 7: 70. 1806; Poir. in Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 7: 568. 1806; Steud., Nom. Bot., ed. 1, 873. 1821; Steud., Nom. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 208. 180; Steud., Nom. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 397. 181; Mart. & Gal., Bull. Acad. Roy. Brux, 12 (2): 325. 1844; Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 99. 18h; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr, 11: 534 & 556. 1847; Schau. in Mart., Fl. Bras. 9: 179. 1851; Hassk., Retzia 1: 56--57. 1855; Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 906. 1859; Griseb., Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 93. 1861; Fawcett, Prov. List Indig. Nat. Fl. Pl. Jamaic. 30. 1893; Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind, Kew. 1: 310. 1893; H. H. Rusby, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club 6: 106. 1896; H. H. Rusby, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 27: 80. 1900; Briq., Arkiv Bot. 2 (10): 22. 190); Pulle, Enum, Pl. Surinam. 402. 1906; Britton & Millsp., Bahama Fl. 367. 1920; Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 7&11. 1921; Britton & P. Wils., Scient. Surv. P. Rico 6 (1): 14. 1925; Epling, J . Bot. 1929: 12. 1929; Seymour, Host. Ind. Fungi N. Amer. 233— 589. 1929; J. K. Small, Man. Southeast. Fl. 1140. 1933; Junell, Symb. Bot. Upsal. : 39--ll & 43, fig. 75. 193k; Moldenke in Fedde, iizpert. 1: 2--35. 1936; Standl., Field Mus. Publ. Bot. 18: 1013. 1938; Moldenke, Lilloa h: 303-~30h. 1939; Moldenke, Annot. List 108. 1939; tioldenke, Alph. List Common & Vern. Names 31. 1939; Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 18: 98--100. 190; Moldenke in Pulle, Fl. Surinam. (2): 279--281. 1940; Yuncker, Field Mus. Publ. Bot. 9 (): 330. 190; Lanjouw & Uitten, Rec. Trav. Bot. Néerl. 37: 166. 190; Moldenke, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 522: 18h--187. 190; Moldenke, Prelim, Alph. List Invalid Names 7, 9, 38, HO, 43, 6, 47, & 54. 1940; Moldenke, Suppl. List Common & Vern. Names 5, 21, 23, & 2h. 190; Questel, Fl. Isl. St.-Barthol. 179. 1941; Calderén & Standl., Fl. Salvador., ed. 2, 239. 1941; Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names 9. 191; A.M. T. Davis, Study Boscaj. Palma Cameron Co. 61, mss. 192; Leén, Revist. Soc. Geogr. Cuba 2: 2. 192; H. S. Gentry, Car— negie Inst. Wash. Publ. 527: 223--22) & 306. 1942; Moldenke in Lundell, Fl. Texas 3 (1): 71--72. 1942; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. [ed. 1], 5, 12, 18, 20--35, 38, LO, 6h, 7h, & © 99. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 6, 7, 39, hO, 43, — 47, 48, & 57. 1942; Ramirez Cantu, Anal. Inst. Biol. 1): 05. 1913; Bol. Mus, Hist. Nat. Javier Prado 7: 2h. 1943; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 111 & 126. 19h; Darlington & Janaki Ammal, Chro- mosome Atlas 270. 195; W.C. Leavenworth, Am. Midl. Nat. 36: 187. 1946; Daniel, Verb. Cent. Antioq. 5. 1947; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 2h & 28. 1947; Hodge, Revist. Fac. Nat. Agron. 7: 313. 1947; Moldenke, Wrightia 1 (45: 2h. 198; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 159. 198; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Dis- trib. Verbenac. [ed. 2], 10, 23, 32, 3h, 36--38, hO--h2, h--58, 61, 64, 66--68, 70, 71, 73, 89, 97, lbh, 163, & 195. 19119; Nol- 1954 Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 75 denke, Anal. Inst. Biol. Mex. 20: 11. 199; Barkley, Determinac. Ejemp. are: Fac. Hac. Agron. Iiedellin 1 (1): 5&5: 48 (199) eels y. 1950; Anal, Insts ‘Diols Mex, 22: 21.1951; F.C. Hoehne, Ind. Bibl. e Num. Pl. Col. Com. Zondon 350. 1961; Roig, Dicc. Bot. 1: 387--388 & 2: 1087. 1953. Additional synonyms: Verbena lappacea Jacq., Obs. Bot., pl. 2, sphalm. 176). Priva mexicana Sieber ex Presl, Bot. eee 99, in syn. 18));.Blairia lappulacea Steud. ex Hook. Ty fe ddCkS we, Ind, Kew. 1: 310, in syn. 1893. Verbenia lappulacea L. ex Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. B, 3: 33 cai in syn. 1921. Priva echinacea A. L. Juss. ex Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 1: 25, in syn. 1936; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. list Invalid Names 38, in syn. 19,0. Priva Lappulaceae Rowlee ex Moldenke in Fedde, Rep- ert, 1: 2), in syn. 1936; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 38, in syn. 190. prina ee rea ital teat teas Voldenke, Pre- lim. Alph. Lyst Invalid Names 38, in syn. 190. Tamonia as cea (L.) Poir. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names ]3, in syn. 190. Tomonea tec ualagee (L.) Poir. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 3, in syn. 190. Verbena Raruiaboe i ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names ],7, in syn. 190. Verbena lapullacea L. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names L7, in syn. 190. Verbena lapulacea Sessé & Moc. ex Mol- denke, Suppl. List Invalid Names 9, in syn. 1941. Verbena nis- pida Secs & Moc. ex Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names ora in syn. 1941. Priva lapulacea (L.) Pers. eX Darlington & Janaki Ammal, Chromosome Atlas 270, sphalm. 195. Verbena hispida Sessé & Moc. ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 2h, in syn. 1947 [not V. hispida Rufz & Pav., 1798]. Priva luppula- cea (L.) Pers. ex F. C. Hoehne, Ind. Bibl. e Num, Pl. Col. Com. Rondon 350, sphalm. 1951. Priva lappulacea L., in herb. Several statements in my y monograph need correction, as fol- lows: on page 25 the binomial Priva echinata is accredited to "Juss.'!' -— since there are two botanists with this surname who have worked in the Verbenaceae, the name should be accredited to "A, L. Juss." The Karwinski s.n. from Hazda de Sumatoc, cit- ed on page 33 from "State undetermined", is probably from Suma- te, Hidalgo, Mexico, according to a letter from my good friend Dr. Maximino Niartinez. The André K.1568, cited on page 34 from "Province undetermined", is probably fr from Guaytacama, Chimbora- zO, Ecuador, according to information contained in a letter to me from the Ecuadorian Embassy dated September 17, 195. The Gaumer & sons 1702 and 1702 bis, cited on page 32 from Yucatan, are actually from Quintana Roo, "heetans The United Fruit Co. na cited on page 33 from Nnrincie undetermined", is from ‘rom Limén, Costa Rica. The Cowell 2h5, cited on the same ’ page from an un-= determined province, proves to be from the Canal Zone, Panama. Britton, Britton, & Shafer 3, cited on page 30 from Matanzas, is Ge actually fron Tiavana, Cuba. The Collector undesignated pe cited on page 3h, is actually Focke = according to Pulle in 76 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 2 the reference cited above. The "Hinton 5901" cited on page 32 appears to be an error for Hinton 5801 and was collected in Guerrero, Mexico. H. H. Rusby by 698, cited on page 3) as from "State undetermined", is ; actually from La Paz, Bolivia. The Ledru 6, cited below, is the type collection of Priva echinata A. L. Juss. Lanjouw & Uitten, in their reference | cited above, speak of an Aublet ene of P. lappulacea in Herb. Denaiffel 1: 18, which I have not as yet seen. A cross= section of the ovary of this species is to be seen in Junell, Symb. Bot. Upsal. lh: fig. 75 (1934). Darlington & Janaki Amal, in their porenee cited above, report the haploid chromosome number as 6, The Ciferri 16, cited below, is host for Micropucc-— inia lantanae (Farl.) Arth. & Jacks.; the same fungus is on the leaves of Gutierrez Villegas & Barkley 17C073B. The species has apparently been collected in anthesis and in fruit in every month of the year except April, growing at alti- tudes from sea-level to 1230 meters. “esides the colors given on page 28 of my monograph for the corolla, the following are re- corded by collectors: pink, pale-lavender, purple, blue, pale- blue, and whitish-blue. White-flowered specimens are represented by the following collections: Fawcett 8058; Fosberg 22133; Hint- on 4360, 1391, and 13975; Howard & Howard 91486 ; Peck 293b; Wedel el 263); Ll. Williams 11006; and Worth, Morrison, & Horton 8611. Gentry describes the Pieworh GET of his number 828 as lav- ender with a white tube, while Camp says for his plant that the corolla-tube is white and the lobes are pale-lavender with purp- le veins. Wedel describes the plant as a "shrub 2 1/2 feet tall", while Woodson, Allen, & Seifert say the plant on Taboga Island is 1.5- 2 meters tallt’ Small & Carter call it a diffuse herb, which, by the way, is the only form in which I have personally Seen it. Leavenworth says it is an herb with lavender flowers and a woody taproot, growing in brown-gray loam over limestone on rocky semi-—desert mountains. Standley says it is an ascending or sub— erect herb 2=—3 feet tall. Gentry reports the species from val= ley margins, canyon slopes, and milpa clearings in the short- tree forest zone of Mexico, at altitudes of 1000 to 3000 feet. He says it is a colonial perennial herb one meter or less tall, with light-purple or pale-blue flowers, visited by Sphex wasps, blooming during the summer. C. F. Baker describes it as only l to 2 feet tall. Peck describes it as "spreading and freely branching, with small, white, very deciduous [=caducous] flow- ers," while Schipp says it is a "tall annual herb to 3 feet tall and half inch in diameter, occasional in swampy places a- mong low brush near the seacoast, with light-blue flowers". Run- yon says that in Texas it is an annual plant with purple inodor- ous flowers, growing in shade on fertile, black, alluvial soil in thickets and along resecas, at altitudes of about 10 meters, scattered through Cameron County. Standley says that in Honduras it is a decumbent herb 2 to 3 feet tall, with pale-purple corol- 195), Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 77 las, common in wet fields. Box in his Flora of Antigua (mss.) says it is a weed in cul- tivated lands and waste places, occasional to frequent locally, in the lowlands of Antigua. He cites a Wullschlagel s.n. and Box 1021 from that island. Britton & Brace in Field Mus. Publ. Bot. 2: 179 state that the species is an introduced weed in the Bahamas, It is mentioned by Debora Ramirez Cantu in her refer- ence cited above as growing at Ayutla and Raboso, near Matamor- as, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Lundell reports it from various parts of Petén, Guatemala, in his Veg. Petén, pp. 75, 109, & 183. It is said to be tolerant of shade, and in addition to the habitats listed on page 27 of my monograph, collectors have found it in hammocks, sandy soil along roadsides, dry arroyos, dry or occu- pied clearings, open places, thickets, waste places near habita- tions, rough pastures, dry ground in shade by springs, sandy soil between dunes, weedy flats, and low wet palm areas in swamps, on wooded slopes, llanos, platanals, open banks, canyon floors, limestone rock, and barrancas, along trails and river- sides, and in streets. Britton & Wilson record the common name "bur-vervain" from Puerto Rico, and Britton & Millspaugh the names "bur-vervain" and "cat's-tongue" from the Bahamas; Daniel calls it "cadillito" in Colombia, while Brenes, in Costa Rica, calls it "pegajosa". In Cuba Brother Leén records the name "globito", while in El Salvador Calderén & Standley list "mozote", "mozote de gallina", "mozote de pollo", and "cola de alacr4n". In Venezuela Saer says it is known as Neadillito" and "pegajosa", Quentin reports the name "collant", while Van Wijk lists "styptic bur", "velvet bur", and "Sonder&hre", On the Tres llarias Islands, according to Howell, it is known as "yerba buena del campo", while in Cuba Roig reports the names "amor seco" and "farolito". Runyon and Rovirosa both report the name "cadillo de bolsa". Standley re- ports "mozotillo", anc a name in Java is said to be "voekoe voekoe tolman", Matuda 821 was’ originally mis-identified as Priva aspera HeBeK. The Afzelius Sen., cited below, was originally mis- identified as "Priva leptostachya Juss.", while the Duchassaing s.n. from Panama and the Leprieur s.n. from Cayenne were label- ed "Ghinia verbenacea". Sagot s.n. from Kourou was originally distributed as "Tamonea verbenacea Sw." The Harris s.n. from Jamaica was identified by someone as Heliotropium indicum L., while Tate 581 was mis-named Periloma origanoides Kunth by Dr. Rusby. The Brown & West specimen and two A. S. Rhoads specimens dis- tributed as "Priva echinata" and "P. lappulacea" at the Univer- sity of Florida are actually Schobera angiosperma (Murr.) Brit- ton. The Vogl 313 and G. F. Gaumer 170h, distributed as Priva lappulacea, a ana the Gaumer r & sons 36h, in part, distributed as © "Priva echinata", are both actually Salvia occidentalis SW., as are also the Dahl s.n., Herb, Gasstrtm s.n., Herb. Mus. Stock- holm s.n., and Sw Swartz | sen. in the Stockholm herbarium. 78 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 2 The original description of Linnaeus on which this species is based reads as follows: "6, VERBENA diandra, calycibus subrotundis erectiusculis, seminibus echinatis. lappulacea, Scorodinia floribus spicatis purpurascentibus pentapetaloid-= ibus, Sloan. jam. 66. Blairia Houst. Amm. herb. 277. Habitat in Jamaica." In the Linnean Herbarium specimen number "4 under genus 35, Verbena, is labeled "mexicana" in Lymnaeus! handwriting, and is clearly what we now call Priva mexicana (L.) Pers., although the actual type specimen of this taxon is probably in the Dill- enius Herbarium at Oxford University. Specimen number "5" in that same genus is labeled "lappulacea" in the handwriting of Solander and bears the notation "Br" [=Browne; Patrick Browne's herbarium was purchased for Linnaeus in 1758]. It is the true Priva lappulacea (L.) Pers. as we know it today. Specimen num- ber "6", pinned together with number "5", is labeled "lappula- cea't in Linnaeus! ovwm handwriting and bears a notation "Br'! [=Brovme] and "Rolander" [Rolander collected in Surinam after 1754]. This specimen, however, is not even verbenaceous, but is Salvia occidentalis Sw. In the Sloane flerbarium at the British Museum is preserved the type specimen of Scorodinia floribus spicatis purpurascen- tibus pentapetaloidibus of Sloane [Cat. 66 (1696) and ilist. Jauase ) Ler 7s plea) "fig. %°(2707)] « oe type material con- sists of two distinct collections, both referred to on the mar- gin of Sloane's original copy of his Hist. Jamaica. The first is in volume 3, page 58, of the bound herbarium. This collection bears a label with the name "Scorodinia floribus, etc." in Sloane's handwriting and it also has mounted with it 2 copy of the plate (no. 110, fig. 1) which matches it perfectly to the minutest detail. The specimen is Teucrium inflatum Sw, The sec- ond collection is on page 59 of the same bound volume, It bears only a small label of Sloane's, reading "Hadem cum praeced.?" I am arbitrarily designating this second specimen as the type . since it, and it alone, of this original material cited by Lin- naeus, is what has been known as Priva lappulacea ever since the genus Priva was established. In this connection, see also Dr. Epling's notes in Journ. Bot. 1929: 12 (1929) and my ow in Fedde, Repert. 48: 98--100 (190). Additional citations: FLORIDA: Monroe Co.: Blodgett s.n. [Key West] (Ch); Buswell s.n. [July 7, 1935] (Bu); A. P. . Garber s.n. [Key West, Aug. 1877] (Pa, Vt); H. N. Moldenke 61) (Go, H— col, Ob-—3226, Up, Ur); Small, Small, & Matthews 10216 (N). TEXAS: Cameron Co.: Cory 36620 (An), a), 36621 (Au), 36622 (N, N)5 A. M. Davis s.n. [Palm Grove, Sept. '1] (Au); c. Le “L. Lundell 1266 (Sm); R. Runyon 562 (Rr), 2185 (Rr). MEXICO: Baja Califor nia: T. S. Brandegee s.n. [Sept. 15, 1390] (Du--9518); Hammer 305 (Du--295382, Gg--29])856) . Campeche: Goldman )58 (E-2ETAIS) 195) Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 79 C. L. Lundell 883 (Au, Au, Du--22261), Me, Me, Nt). Chiapas: Gatada G52 (ia, Wh), S. 16 (Mi). Chihuahua: H S. Gentry 1571 ee tae, B--11022],, F-80966, Fs, Ge, La, La, Me, Me, H, HS) s Colima: Bravo Hollis 203=7153 (Me) ; Ferris 6032” (Du-- Wicca; Goldsmith 89 (Gg--311209, NI); Worth, Morrison, & Hort- on 8611 (Fs). Guerrero: Hinton 5801 (F--870073, N), 10366 i N), 10545 (K, N, N), 10573 (K, N, N), 14391 (N, N); re T. Howell 8471 (Ga--272182) ; E. Lyonnet 483 (N); MacDaniels 182 (Ba); Edw. Palmer 551 (F--265787, Gg--16296). México: Hinton | 26143 (N), 4360 (N); Ortenburger, fen & Barkley 16M816 (Au). Michoacdn: Hinton 1222) (Gg--31089h, mys 13062 (Au, N, N), 13941 (Au, La, N), 13970 (N, N, N), Lape (Au, N, N, N), 16120 (N). More- los: E. Lyonnet 67h, (W--16)2955) . Negra Bravo Hollis 7153 (Me); F Ferris 5382 (. (Du--147865), 5643 (Du--147791). Nuevo Leon: Leavenworth worth 5 (N (N). Oaxaca: Martinez & Calder6n 227 (Me, W-- 1808118); Matuda 994 (Mh, Mi); Orcutt , 5096 (Du--3072)0) ; Ll. Williams 9890 (F--898348). Quintana Roo: Gaumer & sons 1702 (Gg--160)21, P, Us). San Luis Potosf: L. I. Davis 2h2 (N)3_ Ken- oyer 776 (F-91979), A.610 (F-~1000753). Sinaloa: Ferris Gir Mexia 5186 (Du--17857, Gg--1132, Me, N), 6186 (Me); J. Gon- z4lez Ortega 6),29 (Du--17h178), 6758 (Ge--2029]2) . Sonora: H. S. Gentry 160) (Ca--576993, E--1102179, F--80991l, Fs, Ge, I, La, Me, Me, S), 4828 (Ge); Wiggins & Rollins 36 (Du--295085, N), 396 (Du--2950 O8L, N). Tabasco: J. N. Rovirosa 531 (Pa). Tamauli- pas: Edw. Palmer 8 (Gg--30575), 502 (F--217513). Veracruz: Barkley, Rowell, & Webster 26,0 (N); Ervendberg 18 (P); Galeot- ti 7098 (Br, N--photo, P, Z--photo); Gouin s.n. [1867] (P, P); Linden 1h2 (Br); Orcutt 2999. (Du--15),993, Po--173318). Yucatdn: Be aa: F. Caumer 364, in part (Br, Ed), 1702 (Br, Du--1998388, Ka-- 90993, Lu); Steere 1))56 (Gg--20839),) , Re te (Me). State undeter- mined: Fournier s.n. [1817] (P); J. Gonzdlez Ortega 306 (Me); Karwinski s.n. Ki sen. (Mu--52); Sessé, Mociflo, Cas Castello, & . Maldonado 229 ("67") (F-84938, Q), 130 130 (F=-815071, Oy 31 (F-85073, >), 132 ["86"] (F--8)5072, Q). TRES MARIAS ISLANDS: Maria Madre: J.T. ", Howell 10428 (Gg--295608). GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: H. a Johnson 211 (La). El Petén: H. H. Bartlett 12162 (I, S); C. L. Lundell 3693 (S). Guatemala: xP “Wall Sen. [Guatemala City, “157 ),/28] (Ew). Izabal: P.C. Standley 72536 (F--991703). Retalhu- leu: P. C. Standley 66555 (F--987),66). Santa Rosa: P. C. Stand- 7 ley 79505 (N). Zacapa: Steyermark 29216 (F--103508). Depart— ment undetermined: E. Wall 16 [Garsmark, Tiguesata] (Go). BRIT- _ ISH HONDURAS: C. L. Lundell 363 (Du--190614); Peck 293b (B). Aas ee HONDURAS: AtlAntida: P. C. Standley 53649 (F--583120). Moraz4n: P. C. Standley 217h5 (N). Yoro: Yuncker, Koepper, & Wagner 8093 (Dp, , F--942565, Mi, S). NICARAGUA: pig asndepas C.F. - Baker Th 80 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 2 (Po--121952). Grenada: C. F. Baker 166 (Du--76132, Po--6)677). Managua: Garnier 226 (N). COSTA RICA: Alajuela: Brenes 12531la (N), s.n. [Camino San Ramon de San Mateo,- 1920] (N); Carlos son, [Pantarenas, Nov. 193] (N). Guanacaste: Brenes 12537a (N), 13114 (N); Jj.T. Howell 10198 Oh ee , Gg—-272372) » 10229 (Gg--272369, ) Po=-254166) « Lim6én: G. Cufodontis 651 (V); H. Pit- tier 296 (Br, Br); Tonduz s.n. eH Inst. Physico-geogr. Nat. Costaric. 178] (P). Puntarenas: Biolley 266) (Br). Prov- incé undetermined: H. Pittier s.n. (Br); Rowlee & Rowlee 505 (It); Tonduz 8502 [Rio Yuraquin] (Br, Br). PANAMA: Bocas del Toro: G. G. P. Cooper 129-(P); Wedel 283) (N). Canal Zone: Peggy White 25h ( (N). Chiriquf: Woodson . & Schery 835 (N). Darien: P. H. Allen 853 (F--100)887). Province undetermined: Duchassaing s.n. [Panama] (P). BAHAMAS: Britton & Brace 655 (F--171986); Britton & Millspaugh 5534 (F--19836h), 6166 (F—-198900); Curtiss 2h (Cm, Ed, F--1)3917, Mu--3979, P, vt); A. S. Hitchcock sen. [XI.1h. 1890] (F--17999), sen. [XII .3 21890] (F--175288); Millspaugh & Millspaugh 9196 (F--287952); Small & Carter 8928 (F--283899) . CUBA: Camagttey: Acufla s.n. (Es—13793); Shafer 128 (F—28267). Havana: Abarca 3662 (Po--635,2) ; Boldo 58 (Q), 61 (Q), 62 (Q)5 De la Ossa s.n. (Dc, De); Ferrero sen. [1821] (De); Leén m 452 (Ha), 2233 (Ha), 2234 (Ha), 2235 (Ha), sen. [15/5/1909] (Br, P); Moldenke & Moldenke 19868 (Lg, N); Née 63 (Q); P. Serre s.n. [1909] (Bg); Van Hermann mann 113 (Gg--31232, P), 3420 (Po--63791) . Las Villas: Britton, Britton, & Shafer 3 (Cm); Combs 220 (F— 16859, Io--35335, K Ka--61208) ; Jack 6106 (P); Pringle 9 (Vt); Rutten-Pekelharing 1 (Ut). Oriente: Clément 136 (Ha), 2791 (Ha, N), 657) (N), sen. [1943] (Ha, N); Leén 17707 (N), 18273 (Ha); Leén & S & Seifritz 2 18273 (N); Leén & Victorin 17707 (Ha, N); Lind- en 1733 (Br, P); Pollard & Palmer 339, in part (F--176398); C. Wright s.n. (1859, 1860] (Br). Pinar del Rfo: Alain 87 (Ha, “N); Shafer 396 (Cm, Cm), 1114) (F--325382). Province undetermined: Boldo 59 ( (Q); Collector undesignated s.n. [1827] (Dc); Ruttem- Pekelhar ing 97 (Ut); Sagra sen. (P). JAMAICA: P. Browne s.n. [Herb. Linnaeus G.35, 3.5] (It--photo, P--photo, Z--photo); E. J. F. Campbell 6785 (F-15927) ; Collector undesignated 779 (Ed); W. Fawcett 4 8058 (F--16455) ; We Harris 11796 (F--l,33813, Gg--31233, P), sen. [27.8.2] (F--145776); Herb. lus. Bot. Stock- holm s.n. (S); Murray 176 (De), 177 (De), 178 (De); Swartz Sone (De); “Wullschlgel 29 (Mu--ll6). HISPANIOLA: Dominican Repub-_ lic: H. A. Allard 13743 (N), 1402) (S); R. Ciferri 16, host (N); ~ Fuertes 886 (Lu); Howard & Howard 91,86 (N); Ttirckheim 2526 (Ed, Yu--122); Valeur 3 (S). Hatti: Bertero s.n. [S- Dom.] (tu— hus); Fionen He7IEE (Hs Herb. Harvey s.n. ge 1842] (Du-- : ee PHYTOLOGIA is financed entirely by its contributors, each one c paying in advance for the entire cost of printing, binding, and distributing his con- . tribution. All money received from subscribers, after the eave hs of: col- Each number consists of not less than 32 pages. All manusctipt accepted will be published in the next issue, so that the size of numbers may va greatly. A volume will contain about 32 signatures, 512 pages, or a smalle number of pages with an equivalent number of plates. This plan- insu res. “es immediate publication of all accepted manuscript. : Illustrations will be published according to the desires of the anthies | entra charge is peaade for line paitinst) such as are ordinarily root about $2.25. Articles dealing with research in all lines of botany, in any reaso length, biographical sketches, and critical reviews and summaries of ature will be considered for publication. Floristic lists, casual notes o amateur or so-called popular type, and polemics will not be published. on the suitability of manuscripts will be solicited, if necessary, from ¢ fied botanists. to change without She since it depends atively on the, prices | preva in the printing industry. ay of 250 copies is also furnished gratis to contributors. | , ; ‘ } i Bi Le : Upon request, the editors will send detailed instructions concerning preparation of manuscript or further information about the maga: quiries may be addressed to the magazine or to either editor. _ Ramee CL oN NEV 9m) ih BOTAI GAR Designed to expedite botanical publication November, 1954 No. 3 CONTENTS i CLURE, F. A., A new bamboo and a new record for MRR IRURELEAN (ys ir seu eds concatenate spptshce yp okaaadsalls oat leek aah Ae 8] DENKE, H. N., Notes on new and noteworthy plants. HIPC AR Moen ee 586 (Br, Gg—-21728, Mu--1)18, P, Vu), sen. Sen. [Dec. 1806] ( (N), sen. [1885] (Mu--3720); Krebs s.n. (ste Thomas] (Ol, Us); Ledru 6 [H [Herb. Jussieu 5093] (P, P), s sen. (P); Riédlé 212 (P), son Son. ~[St. Thom- as] (P, P, P); Swartz 57 (Q). ST. CROIX: Herb. Univ. Christian. S.n. (01); A. E. ;. Ricksecker 167 (Du--210259, F—70)95, Ob—— 14869); L. A. Ricksecker 131 (Ed, F--87777). ST. BARTHOLOMEW: Hemmendorff 2 5 (S); Questel 115 (N), 252 (N), 354 (N). MONTSERRAT: Shafer 138 (F--293797). GUADELOUPE: “Beaupertuis s.n. [1839] (P, P); Du Duchassaing sen. (V, V); Duss 305 (P); Herb. Sullivant s.n. [Guadeloupe] (Pa); L L'Hérminier s. Son. . [Mai, 1843] (P); Quentin 61 (P, P), 387 (P); L. Rodriguez 2706 (P, P). DOMINICA: Hodge Hodge 873 (N). MARTINIQUE: Bordas 122 (P); Hahn 955 (P, P, Pa), 962 (V)3 Sieber Fl. Mart. 316, i in part (Br, Mu--yyh, P). ST. VINCENT: Smith | & . Smith th 71h (E (Ed). GRENADA: Eggers 6300 (P). TRINIDAD: W. E. E. Broadway 5 son. n. (November, 190); Herb. Thenensis I:l506] (Br); Fendler dler 573 (Pa), sen. [1877--80] (Ed); Moldenke & Moldenke 19566 (Es, Es, N); N. W. Simmonds 21) (R--13900); E, Wall sen, a Bellet 20/5/27] (Ew). CURACAO: Realino s.n. (N). MAR- GARITA ISLAND: Miller & Johnston 96 (F--126672, Yr, P, Po--6688) . WEST INDIES: Island undesignated: ~ Bucquet SMe [Antilles] (P); Collector undesignated s.n. (P); Herb. Ad Adanson s.n. (P, P); Herb. Mus. Bot. Lund. s.n. [ex Antilles Dania] (Lu); Plée s.n. [West 105 106 PHYTO L Ose ree Vol. 5/5. mosta Indies] (P, P); Ponthieu s.n. (Ls); Swartz s.n. (Mu—}2). COLOM- BIA: Antioquia: Archer 117 (Fn—-2621); Barkley & Gutierrez Vil- legas 1779 (N); Blackman, Mejia Jaramillo, & Barkley 170310 (Fa— 3219, N); Daniel 3903 (F--1296266); Gutierrez Villegas & Barkley ed 17 (S); Ll. Williams 11006 (F—95)968). Delta Amacuro: Rusby & Squires 306 (Ed, F--l9067, F--160973, Mu--3702, Vu). Falceén: ~ Tamayo 953 (Ve). Federal District: Vargas 72 (De). Lara: Saer 580 (Ve). Mérida: E. Reed 983 (W--1618601). Sucre: Funck 53 (P). BRITISH GUIANA: Potter 5]39 (Ms). SURINAM: Collector undesignated e.n. (Ed); Kegel 73 (Gt); Lanjouw 1) (N); Moldenke & Moldenke 19585 (Es, Es, N); Splitgerber Sen. [1837] (P). FRENCH GUIANA: Leprieur s.n. [Cayenne, 1836] (P), sen. [180] (De); L. C. Rich- ard s.n. [Cays et Antill.] (P); Sagot s.n. [Kourou, 185] (P), sn. [Cayenne, 1859] (P). ECUADOR: Guayas: Asplund 5129 (S);5 Bonpland s.n. (P); W. H. Camp E.3577 (N); Jameson s.n. [Republic of Ecuador; Reichenbach f. 12527] (V); Lille 55 (F--920235). Los Rfos: Asplund 5596 (S); Harling 265 (S). GALAPAGOS ISLANDS: Charles Island: Schimpff 151 (P, S); A. Stewart 3312 (Gg—3123h) PERU: Cajamarca: Raimondi 2075 (B). Hudnuco: Asplund 12096 (S). BRAZIL: Mattogrosso: F. C. Hoehne, Com. Rondon 5697 (Herb. Rio de Janeiro 11852] (Ja, N); Lindman 291 (Lu), A.2W91 (Us). Para: G. A. Black 7-219 (N). BOLIVIA: El Beni: H. H. Rusby 178) (Ed, ment undetermined: Xavier 63 (Ja--l6791). JAVA: C. A. Backer 30487 (Bz—23016, Bz--23017); Den Berger 792 (Bz—-23020, Bz— 23021, Bz—23022, Bz--23023, Bz--2302h, Bz--25625); Rant s.n. [1927] (Bz--23018), s.n. [2.VII.1928] (Bz--23019). CULTIVATED: a H. Hallier D.583 (Bz—-2301), Bz—-23015); Herb. Hort. Bot. Bogor. XV.K.A-XLVI.5 (Bz—23013), XV.K.A.XLVI.15 (Bz—-2665, Bz—26)66), XV.KeA.XLVI1-5 (Bz-~2673). LOCALITY OF COLLECTION UNDETERMINED: Afzelius s.n. (B); Baudin s.n. (P); Herb. Burnet s.n. (B)3 Herb. ee tt 195) Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 107 Sprengel s.n. (B); Léman s.n. [1825] (Dc); Lévy 111 (P); Née 60 [N. Hispania] (Q); Pourret s.n. (P); Swartz s.n. (S); Wydler eal (De). PRIVA MEXICANA (L.) Pers. Literature: Dill., Hort. Elth. 407--08, pl. 302, fig. 389. 1732; L., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 19. 1753; L., Syst. 66. 178k; Gaertn., Preev, & Sem,’ P?. 1: 265, pls 56; fig. 1/1788; .Lan., Tabl. Encycl. Méth. Bot. 1: 59. 1791g Moench, Meth. 423. 179; Lan., moe ehanch, bol. pl. 17, figs Lely, Willd., SpyPl. ie Lie. 1797; A. L. Juss., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 7: 70. 1806; Bot. Zeit. Regensb. 5: 321--330. 1806; Poir., Dict. 8: 85. 1898; Roem., Collect. 118. 1809; M. Mirbel, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 15: 250, pl. 1) (2), fig. 2. 1810; H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. Pl. @r-c7o. 10183) Steud., Noms Bot. 111 & 873. 18213 Lan., Illustr. Gen. 1: pl. 17, fig. 1. 1823; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 534 & 556. 1847; Kobuski, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 13: 20. 1926; Junell, Symb. Bot. Upsal. fh: Lo & he. 193); Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. hl: 58--61. 1936; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List I,valid Names 7, 38, 45, 47, 54, & 55. 1940; Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names 9. 1941; Moldenke, Aiph. List Invalid Names 6, 39, 6, 8, 57, & 58. 1942; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 111. 19); Leavenworth, Am. Midl. Nat. 36: 187. 196; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppisel, 25,197. Illustrations: Dill., Hort. Elth. pl. 302, fig. 389. 1732; Gaertn., Fruct. & Sem. Pl. 1:. pl. 56, fig. 1. 1788; Jan., Rec. Planch. Bot. pl. 17, fig. 1. 17973; M. Mirbel, Ann. Mus..Hist. MabePeris 15, pl. 1) (2), figs 2.18103. Lam,, Illustr«-Gen. 1: Ber). t1e.-1. 1823. Dill., Hort. Elth. )07--l08, pl. 302, fig. 389. 1732. Verbena mexicana L., Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 19. 1753. Blairia mexicana (L.) Gaertn., Fruct. & Sem. Pl. 1: 265, pl. 56, fig. 1. 1788. Zapania mexicana (L.) Lam., Tabl. Encycl. Méth. Bot, 1: 59. 1791. Blairia cordifolia Moench, Meth. 423. 179). Priva hispida A. L. Juss., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 7: 70. 1806. Zappania hispida Zuccagni in Roem., Collect. 118. 1809. Verbena cordifolia Bour- geau ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 5, in syn. 1940. Verbena mexica Sessé & Moc. ex Moldenke, Suppl. List In- valid Names 9, in syn. 191. The type of Verbena mexicana L., on which this species is based, is a specimen in Dillenius!' Ilortus Elthamensis presently preserved at Oxford University, England, since Linnaeus plainly bases his name on the Verbena mexicana trachelii folio fructu aparines of Dill., Elth. 07, pl. 302, fig. 389. In the Linnean Herbarium, London, specimen number , under genus 35, Verbena, is labeled "mexicana" in Linnaeus! own handwriting and is what we now call Priva mexicana. This specimen has by many been re- garded as the type of the species and is, in fact, so cited in the present notes. In the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseum, Stockholm, 108 Ph ET 0:20:67 Vol. 5, ine@gue are presently preserved two more specimens from Linnaeus' herbar- ium and apparently collected by him from cultivated material in Sweden -- probably from his. own garden at Uppsala. The first sheet has on its front in ink on the top of the sheet "(VERBENA mexicana Linn)" and in pencil near the bottom "Verbena 5 mexicana L. sp. pl. 19 = Priva mexicana Pers. (syn. P. hispida juss.)" and in ink at the bottom, in an unknown hand, "Priva mexicana Pers." On its reverse side one finds in pencil "Linné herb." and in ink (unknown hand) "Verbena diandra, spicis laxis, calycibus fructus reflexis rotundato-didymis hispidis. Linn. Spec. plant. 19.5." and in ink in another hand "Priva hispida Juss." and in ink in still another hand "Priva mexicana Pers." and, finally, in ink in what is probably Linnaeus! own handwriting "Hort." The second sheet has on its front face in Linnaeus! ovm hand "H. U." and "5m and in ink in another apparently old hand "“Nexicana" and in ink in a later handwriting "Priva hispida Juss." On the back side one finds in pencil "Linné herb." and in ink "Herb. Alstroemerii" and "Priva" and in ink in an older hand "(Verbena mexicana)" and in ink in Dahl's handwriting "a Linné f." The Herb. A. L. Jussieu 509k, cited below, is the type collec- tion of Priva hispida. Priva mexicana has been collected in milpas, moist canyon bottoms, dense wooded waterways, shaded ravines, wooded mountain ravines, and wooded quebradas, on hills, mountainsides, open mountainsides, rocky mountainsides, and lava fields. Gentry de- scribes it as a plant of the canyons of the Transition and Upper Sonoran life-zones. Stanford, Retherford, & Northcraft found it on valley floors interspersed with arroyos and alluvial fans and sparsely covered with Yucca and Larrea. Mueller & Mueller say it is abundant in dense woods. Barkley and his associates found it in rich moist soil of open woodlands, xeric sunny lava and moist rich shady pockets on the pedregal, and in scrubland on limestone mountainside. Standley describes it as an erect or suberect herb 2 to 3 feet tall, growing as a weed in cafetals or in pine for- ests. Pringle says it grows 3 to ), feet tall. Lyndell calls it "Perennial", while Gentry describes it as 1 to 2 meters tall, with thick hollow stems. Its flowers are described variously as white, pink, lavender, pinkish-lavender, or white with purple on the inside of the upper lip. The species has been collected at altitudes of 1500 to 2),60 meters and 300 to 8000 feet, in flower in July, August, and Sep- -tember, and in fruit in those same months and also in December. It is often mis-identified as P. lappulacea (L.) Pers. or Pe. aspera II.E2.K., while the Lejeune specimen cited below was identi- fied by someone as Drepania mexicana Pers. The “ilkinson specimen cited below is not typical. The Stan- ford, Retherford, & Northcraft 188 collection, also cited below, was waa probably Sollected in Zacatecas, atl though the lawtel states "15 kilo west of Concepcion del Oro on the Coahuila-Zacatecas border." Additional citations: MEXICO: Chihuahua: H. S. Gentry 252ha 195), Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 109 (La); Knobloch 5213 (F--941009); LeSueur 175 (Au, F--837305); Pringle 135) (Ed, F--10722, Me, Pa, Us, Vt, Vu); E. Wilkinson sen. (Sta. Eulalia, 1885] (Du--90928) . oetad is Barkley, Web- ster, & Rowell 7213 (N); F. W. Pennell 17502 (D--733982, Me, W-- 160607); Purp Purpus 1096 (Ed, P, P). Durango: Edw. Palmer 578 (F-- 51670, Me) Federal District: Arséne 8508 (Br, Ur); Barkley & Rowell 769 (N); Barkley, Webster, & Rowell 7322 (N); Bilimek an7.-(P, ~P); Bourgeau 119ter (P); G. “L. Fisher s.n. [San Angel, July 18, 1924] (Hp); E. Lyonnet 66] (N, W--16W2951), 2319 (W-— 1790968) ; Miranda & Barkley Ley 16N958 (Au); W. Schaffner 25 (Pa). Hidalgo: Aschenborn s.n. [180] (Ed); V. H. Chase 7202 (FPF 1001886), 7329 Daten dig Pe Me Te Edwards 's 760 (F-91816) 5 C. A. Tundell & Lundell 12362 iy ae 9287 (F—-120h7h, We, we, Me, Vt). “México: Lundell & Lundell 12351 (N)3 W. Schaffner 25 25 (P, P). Nuevo Leon: Abbén s.n. [8-8-1911] (P); Mueller & Mueller 308 (Au, Me), 1131 (Au, F--938902, Me, Mi). Puebla: Arséne 130 (P, P); Nicolas s.n. [Santa Barbara, 20.6.1910] (P), s.n. [9-8- 1911] (Ed); Pur Purpus us 352) (F--276399). Queretaro: Kuntze 23)6 (N). San Luis Potosf: B Barkley, Rowell, & Paxson 825 (Au); C. L. L. Lund- ell 5499 (Dp, Fs, I, La, Mh, Mi, N); Parry & & Palmer 713, in part (Ed, F--306899, F--812591, Io, Pa); F. W. Pennell 17880 (N, W-- 16082) ; Purpus 5518 (Ed, F--299188). 30 Sonora: H. S. S. Gentry 1383 (E--108921)|, Ge); S. | S. S. White 2635 (Fs). Tamaulipas: Stanford, Retherford, & Northeraft 712 772 (Du--286)05, N, Se-—70270) ; Stan- ford, Taylor, & Lauber 2680 (N). Veracruz: Rotteri 618 (P); eeicces Ree in part (P, P); Pringle s.n. [San Juan n del Rfo, 18 Aug. 1905; H Herb. Monac. 4207] (Mu). Zacatecas: Stanford, athe ford, & Northcraft 188 (Du--28932h, N). State fer eee ET Gal- onset 792, in part; Herb. Linnaeus G.35, S S. (N--photo of type, S--photo of type, Z--photo of type); Kenoyer A.228 [Teotihuacdn] (F--1003),9)); Bonpland s.n. (P); Collector undesignated 65 [Nova Hispania] (Q); Herb. Adanson s.n,. (P, P); Herb. Banks s.n. n.(1778] (S); Herb. Reichenbach f. 290202 (V); née 67 67 [N. Hisp.] (Q); Pavon s.n. [Nueva Espagna] (P); Sessé, Mogino, Castillo, & Maldo- nado 29 9 (F--845029, Q), 102 (Q), 107 (F-84948, Q), 133 Tons (F=-84664, Q). GUATEMALA? Chimaltenango: P. C. Standley 59129 (F--99252h, N), 79812 (N). Guatemala: Aguilar 3 BN ” (F=~1001115) . Sacatepéquez: P. C. Standley 61,602 (F--98),8)2, “N). JAMAICA: Herb. Banks s.n. (S). MARTINIQUE: Sieber Fl. Mart. 316, in part (Br). CULTIVATED: Belgium: Herb. Martens s.n. [ex fe meo 1833] (Br); Lejeune s.n. (Br, Br); Nys Nyst sen. (Br). France: Collector undes- ignated s.n. [h. M. 30 juillet] (De); De la Roche s.n. (De); __ Herb. Decaisne s.n. [h. P.] (Br); Herb. Martius s s.n. n. [P] (Br); Pourret s son. (P, P); Vendemain Son. . (Ed). Germany: Herb. Hort. Berol. s.n. (Us); Herb. Hort. Erlangen. sen. [1772] (Mu--L)8), 110 PHY TOLOAS Ss Vol. 5, noses ee eS (Ea); Herb. wip. Laut peseariate Satie (u—1.20, ee ‘er. Zuccarini s.n. [Hort. Bot. Monac.] (Mu--l53). Italy: Herb. Jard. de Florence s.n. [10 aout 1808] (Dc). Scotland: Herb. Univ. Ed- inb. s.n. (Ed). Spain: Collector undesignated se (Q), 68 (Q). (F--2 photos, N--2 ae s, S, Sg--2 a He sas Z--2 photos). _ LOCALITY OF COLLECTION UNDESIGNATED: Collector undesignated 36 (S), 28-6 (De), 2821 (De), s.n. [20 juill.] (Dc), s.n. [30 aout] (De), sen. (Dc, De, Dc); Herb. De Candolle s.n. (01); Herb. A. L. Jussieu 509k, (P, P); Herb. Prager 18661 (Gg--31229) ; Herb. Schmiedel son. sen. (Mu--l7). PRIVA MEYERI Jaub. & Spach Literature: E. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 275. 1837; Jaub. & Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: [57]. 1853--1856; Moldenke in Fedde, Repert, 1: 17--19. 1936; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 38. 190; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 39. 192. Synonymy: Priva forskaolii E. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 275, as to specimens cited. 1837. The species is said by Sutton to grow 12 inches tall, with white flowers, and to be "rare"; Busse reports the flowers white to light-violet; Galpin says the flowers are white and the plant grows in scrub on banks. I+ has been collected at altitudes of 2800--800 feet, blooming and fruiting from October to January and in April. It has been distributed in herbaria under the names Priva dentata Juss. and P. forsKalii E. Mey. The Drége 728 specimen at Berlin is from Meyer's own herbarium and is inscrib- ed by him "Priva Forskalaei mihi". The Bachmann 1152 collection exhibits characters varying toward P. cordifolia var, abyssinica and is inscribed "Blttthen unscheinbar weiss und rothviolett". The Tyson collection from Kowie has rather large spine-like warts arranged in two parallel rows on its cocci. Additional citations: TANGANYIKA TERRITORY: Busse 215 (B). PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA: Lourengo Marques: H. M. L. Forbes 51 (P); Junod 277 (Tm--20153), 301 (Br). INHAKA ISLAND: Breyer sen. (Tm— 20495). UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA: Cape of Good Hope: R. C. Alexan- der s.n. [C.B.S. 1847] (Af); Bachmann 1152 (B); Drége 728 (B), a a (P=-cotype), c (B--cotype, P—cotype); E E. K. Esdaile s.n. [F. A. Rogers 17130] (Af--22692); J. A. Fraser s.n. [Ft. Armstrong] (Ed); E. E. Galpin 3333 (Af--22695); Krebs Krebs s.n. [Cap bonae spei] (B); Meebold 11831 (itu) ; Muir s.n. [Herb. Galpin 7757] (Af); Penther & Krook s. Son. [Mukomanse; Penther 3098] (V); Schlechter 2598 (B); Thode A.2739 (Af--19L1, Na--26057); Tyson s.n. [Kowie] (Af--22696), 8. sn. [Port Alfred; Herb. Marl. 852h; Herb. U. of S. Afr. Dept. Agric. 12652] (Af, Af). Natal: Breyer s.n. (Tm--16966); Bruyn 212 (Af--22701); Collector undesignated 380 (Af); H. M. L. Forbes 602 (Na--20955); E. E. Galpin 11,782 (S); T T. J. Jenkins 195, Moldenke, Additional notes on Priva 192: 7067 (Tm); J. M. Wood s.n. [20-h-91] (Ed). Orange Free State: Pont 683 (Af--22698, Ut). Transvaal: Breyer s.n. [XII.1917] (2), Ss S.n. (Tm--17897, Tm--19516); J. B. Davy 15167 (N); E. E. Galpin 76 (Af--2269), Vt); Hapstrtm & Acock ck 125) (S (SY Leendertz 5981 (Tm), s.n. [1.09] (N); Ne Ts Murray 620 (Af--22699); Obermeyer sn. a aay emer & Gillett 3u22 (Af--22693) 5 et 2 ary 27230). LOCALITY OF “ COLLECTION eee D: Flanagan 1731 [Komgha] (Af--22697); Sim 122 (Af). PRIVA MEYERI var. MADAGASCARIENSIS Moldenke Literature: ifoldenke, Phytologia 3: 276 & 29). 1950. The variery is said to have lilac flowers and has been col- lected on gneiss rocks at an altitude of 700--1200 meters, blooming and fruiting in N,vember. Additional citations: MADAGASCAR: Humbert 6732 (F--photo of type, It--photo of type, N--fragment of type type, “N--photo of type, P--type, Z--photo of type): PRIVA PEDICELLATA Moldenke Literature: Moldenke, List Geogr. Distrib. 32. 1939; Phytolo- gia 1: 29--l30. 1940; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. 129 & 195. 199. Additional citations: BURMA: A. E. English s.n. (Ed--type, N-- fragment of type, N--photo of type, " Z-=photo of f type). The collector notes that this pliant "Differs from type in the long pedicels. The true P. leptostachya collected by Collett (no. 851) at Meiktila." PRIVA PERUVIANA Moldenke Literature: Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 1: 23--2h. 1936; denke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., eG: 1, 35-899. 19h2, ed. 2, 73 & 195. 199. Additional citations: PERU: Amazonas: A. Mathews 3158 (P-- isotype). Cajamarca: Raimondi 396 (B). Mol- PRIVA SOCOTRANA Moldenke Literature: Bayley Balfour, Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 31: 232-- 233. 1888; Moldenke in Fedde, *Repert. 1: 38--39. 1936; Moldenke, Known Geogr’ Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 1, 53 & 99 (192), ed. 2, 12) & 195. 199. My friend, W. T. Stearn, has kindly called my attention to the fact that the type collection of this species is cited by Balfour under "Priva leptostachya Juss." in his "Botany of Socotra" in the reference cited above, where he makes interesting comments on what he regards as variation in this genus. It is his opinion that the fruit characters used by authors are not sufficiently constant to warrant taxonomic recognition. Additional citations: SOCOTRA: Balfour 52 (B--isotype). ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THE GENUS TECTONA. I Harold N. Moldenke Explanation of the abbreviations employed for the names of herbaria in this and subsequent notes will be found in my book- let entitled "A list showing the location of the principal collections of Verbenaceae and Avicenniaceae", pp. 1--3 (192) and its Supplement 1, pp. 1--2 (1917), and in Phytologia 3: 179— cee 3: 321 & 382 (1950), 3: 491 (1951), and h: 295 4953) 2 TECTONA L. f. Literature: Rheede, Hort. Malab. h: 57, pl. 27. 1683; Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 5. 1763; L. f., Suppl. 20 & 151. 1781; Noronha, Verh. Batav. Gen. V, ed. 1, art. 4: 3. 1790; Roxb., Coromand. Pl. pl. 6. 17933 Spreng., Anleit. 2 (2): 893. 1818; Blume, Bijdr. 820. 1826; Reichenb., Conspect. Reg. Veg. 1: 117. 1828; Wall., Pl. As. Rar. pl. 29). 1832; Endl., Gen. Pl. 636. 1838; J. ’ B. MttLler, Bot.-Prosod. Wtrterb. 181; Hassk., 2e Cat. Lands Pl. Tuin. Buitenz. 135. 18; Walp., Repert. h: 98. 1846; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 629. 187; Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 900. 1856; Bocq., Rev. Verbenac. 99, pl. 10. 1863; Bedd., Fl. Sylv. pl. 250. 1872; Brandis, For. Fl. N.W. & Cent. India 3: 35, pl. hh. 187); Ulrich, Internat. Wtrterb. Pflanzennamen. 1875; Benth. in Benth. & Hook., Gen. Pl. 2: 1152. 1876; Pritzel & Jessen, Deutsch. Volknamen Pfl. 1882; F. von Muell., Select. Extra-trop. Pl. Ind. Cult. 1885; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. h: 570. 1885; Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ) (3a): 167. 1895; Bull. Kolon. Mus. Haarlem. 1896; Koord. & Valet., Bijdr. Booms- art. Java 7: 164. 1900; King & Gamble, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 7h (4): 808. 1908; Greshoff, Nieuw Plantk. Woordenb. Ned. Ind. 1909; E. D. Merr., Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 5: 227. 1910; Gerth van Wijk, Dict. Pl. Names 1319--1320. 1911; H. J. Lam, Verbenac. Malay. Arch. h, 93--97, & 368. 1919; H. R. Blanford, Burma For. Bull. 2h, Silvi., ser. 1). 1931; Nature 129 (327): 13h. 1932; A. W. Hill, Ann. Bot. 7 (188): 873--887. 1933; Grey & Hubbard, List Pl. Atkins Instit. 195 & 245. 1933; Junell, Symb. Bot. Up- sal. h: 87 & 89, fig. 135, & pl. 6, fig. h. 1934; F. E. Eidmamn, Tectona 27 (): 233--287. 193h; A. W. Hill, Nature 133 (3372): 396—-998. 193; Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 15h--163. 1935; Biol. Abstr. 9 (2): 413. 1935; H. W. Japing, Bergcultures 9: 8--21. 1935; M. V. Laurie, Indian Forester 6h (10): 596--600. 1938; N. Denoga, Philip. Journ. Forest. 2 (2): 173--1383. 1939; Biol. Abstr. 13 (6): 1016 & 13 (10): 1768. 1939; F. C. Hoehne, Plant. Subst. Veg. Tox. 2)9--250. 1939; lMoldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 9, 2), 28, 29, 33, & 43. 1940; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 7, 23, 27, 33, 43, & hh. 1942; Flor. Exch, 98 (25): 13. 1942; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 1, 29, 38, 55, 59--67, 69, 7h, & 100. 1942; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 113 114. 1944; Exell, Cat. Vasc. PLS Tomé 39). 1944; Darlington & 1954, Moldenke, Additional notes on Tectona 113 Janaki Ammal, Chromosome Atlas 271. 1945; Benthall, Trees of Calcutta 39--351. 1946; Moldenke, Alph. L,st Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 21. 1947; Falc&o, Guia dos Visitantes Jard. Bot. Rio de Jan. 2. 1947; Acosta Solis, Proc. Inter-Amer. Conf. Conserv. Renewable Nat. Res. 329. 1948; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 2, 45, 49, 55, 93, 128--130, 137--1h0, 142--1h), 16--1)8, 151, 163, & 196. 194.9; Moldenke & Moldenke, Anal. Inst. Biol. 20: 12. 199; Den Berger, Determinat. Houts. Mal. Fam. 73. 1949; Rawitscher, Cienc. Investig. 5: 145. 1949; Gundersen, Fam. Dicot. 200 & 202. 1950; Kirchheimer, Planta 39: 80. 1951; P. E. Case, Natl. Geogr. Mag. 102: 787 & 788. 1953. Synonymy: Theka Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 45, nom. rejic. 1763. Wautea Noronha, Verh. Batav. Gen. V, ed. 1, art. : 3, hyponym. 1790. Tectonia Spreng., Anleit. 2 (2): 893. 1818. Theka Rheede ex Reichenb., Conspect. Reg. Veg. 1: 117, in syn. 1823. Tectona L. apud Reichenb., Conspect. Reg. Veg. 1: 117. 1628. Tectonia L. f. apud Endl., Gen. Pl. 636. 1838. Theca Juss. ex Benth. in Benth. & Hook., Gen. Pl. 2 (2): 1152, in syn. 1876. Cajatana Thunb. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 9, in syn. 190. Tektona L. f. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 3, in syn. 1940. Toktona Baker ex NMoldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 21, in syn. 197. Tectoma Acosta Solis, Proc. Inter-Amer. Conf. Conserv. Renewable Nat. Res. 329, sphalm. 19,8. It is of interest to note that Noronha, in his Verhandelingen Bataaviaasch Genootschap, cited above, gives only the name Nautea as a new genus, without description, but cites the iden- tifying Javanese name "jatti" and states that there are two spe- cies in the genus. Van Wijk, in the reference also cited above, gives the following as generic vernacular names: "Indian oak", "teak tree", "teak wood", "tectona", "Tekbaum", "tektone", "thek", "Theka-baum", "Tiek-baum", and "Tik-baum"., The name, "African teak", according to Exell, in the reference cited to him above, applies to Chlorophora excelsa (Welw.) Benth. & Hook. Reichenbach in the reference cited to him above places the genus Tectona in the Labiatae (=Lamiaceae), section Verbeneae. The spelling of the name as Tectonia L. f. occurs also in Walp., Repert. h: 98 (18h). Kirchheimer in the reference cited above, in speaking of fos- sil members of the genus Sacoglottis (Ilumiriaceae) says: "Verben- aceen - Die Steinkerne von Tectona besitzen weder eine axiale Innervation noch zeigen sie subapikale Leitbttndelspuren. Den Frtichten der Verbenaceen fehlen die im Endokarp mancher Saco- glottis-Arten vorhandenen Harzbehdlter." The gynoecium-morphology of the genus is discussed by Junell in the reference cited to him above. Teak germination is discussed in the articles by Blanford, Denoga, Eidmann, and Hill cited above; seed growth un- der violet-colored glass in Flor. Exch. 98: 13 (192); and branching and seed origin by Laurie in his reference cited above. It is of interest to note that there is a forestry journal 11h P bY w-Onk. Dees Vol. 5, Heya called TECTONA published in Buitenzorg, Java, of which volumes 1 to 17 covered the years 1908 to 192). TECTONA GRANDIS L. f. Literature: Rheede, Hort. Malab. 4: 57, pl. 27. 1683; Rumph., Herb. Amboin, 3: 34, pl. 18. 1743; L. f., Suppl. 151. 1781; Gaertn., Fruct. & Sem. Pl. 1s 275, pl. 57. 1788; Lour., Fl. Cochinchin., ed. 1, 137. 1790; Lam., Illustr. 2: 111. 1793; Roxb., Pl. Coromand. 1: pl. 6. 1795; Zoll. & Moritzi, Syst. Verz. 53. 185-186; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 629. 1817; H. Fal- coner, Rep. Teak For. Tenass. 1852; Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 901. 1856; Spanoghe, Linnaea 15: 330. 181; Hassk., 2e Cat. Lands Pl. Tuin. Buitenz. 135. 184; Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 1: 2h). 1860; Brandis, Forest Fl. N.W. & Cent. India 3: pl. lh. 187h; J. Mtller, Anat. Baumrind. 176. 1882; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. h: 570. 1885; Forbes, Wander. Nat. Mal. Arch. 2: 226. 1885; Watt, Dict. Econom. Prod. Ind. 6 (lk): 1--2. 1893; Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ) (3a): 167, fig. 63. 1895; Koord. & Valet., Bijdr. Booms. Java 7: 165 & 171. 1900; Williams, Bull. Herb. Boiss., sér. 2, 5: 430. 1905; E. D. Merr., Bur. Gov. Lab. Bull. 27: 67. 1905; King & Gamble, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 7) (k): 809. 1908; Costerus & Sm., Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 2, 9: 113, fig. 17 & 18. 1911; Elbert, Meded. Rijks Herb. Leiden 12: 15. 1912; Koord., Exkurs. Fl. Java 3: 13). 1912; Koord. & Valet., Atlas Baumsart. 2: 6, pl. 255--272. 191h; Heyne, Nutt. Plant. Néederl. Ind: :° 108. 1917; Basu, Ind. Medic. Pl. 3:.3, pl. 735. 1918; H. Hallier, Meded. Rijks Herb. Leiden 37: 3). 1918; H. J. Lam, Verbenac. Malay. Arch. 94-~96 & 368. 1919; A. Chev., Explor. Bot. Afr. Occ. Frang. 1: 504. 1920; Lam & Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 28. 1921; E. D. Merr., Enum. Born. Pl. 512. 1921; E. D. Merr., Enum, Philip. Pl. 3: 389. 1923; Britton & P. Wils., Scient. Surv. Porto Rico 6: 152. 1925; Setchell, Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 12: 20). 1926; Heyne, Nutt. Plant. Nederl. Ind. 1312. 1927; R. O. Williams, Guide Royal Bot. Gard. Trinidad 26. 1927; Freeman & Williams, Useful Pl. Trinidad 157. 1928; Grey & Hubbard, List Pl. Atkins Instit. 195. 1933; Junell, Symb. Bot. Upsal. ): 87--89, fig. 135, & pl. 6, fig. 4. 1934; Japing, Bergeultures 9: 8--21. 1935; Van Steenis, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit- enz. 13: 398. 1935; Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 15--163. 1935; J. Rombouts, Rodriguesia 2: 301. 1936; Spoon, Ber. Afd. Handelsm. Kon. Ver. Kolon. Inst. 107: ). 1936; Van Steenis, Handel. Acht. Nederl.-Ind. Natuurwet. Cong. Soerabaja. }08--)09. 1938; E. C. Jd. Mohr, Bodem der Tropen 2: 601. 1938; F. C. Hoehne, Plant. Subst. Tox. Medic. 250. 1939; Moldenke, Lilloa ): 332. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 28, 29, & 3. 190; d'aAraujo e Silva & de Almeide, Div. Defese Sanit. Veg. Dept. Nac. Prod. Veg, Minist. Agric. Rio de Jan. Publ. 16: 65--68. 191; Biswas, Indi- an Forest Rec. Bot., new ser., 3: 42, 1941; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 27, 3, & hh. 192; Moldenke, K,own Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 1, 29, 38, 55, 59--67, 69, 7h, & 100. 192; Yun- cker, Bishop Mus. Bull. 178: 101. 1943; H. F. MacMillan, Trop. Plant. & Gard., ed. 5, 216, 217, 462, & 487. 1943; Henninger, 195h, Moldenke, Additional notes on Tectona 115 Descr. Cat. Flow. Trop. Trees 30. 19; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 113--11). 194; Natl. Geogr. Mag. 87 (5): adv. sect. 1945; V.C. Dunlap in C. M. Wilson, New Crops for New World 281 & 282. 195; Darlington & Janaki Ammal, Chromosome Atlas 271. 195; Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 18. 196; Menninger, 197 Cat. Flow. Trees 37. 196; Razi, Journ. Mysore Univ. 7 (lh): 63. 196; Benthall, Trees of Calcutta 349--351. 196; E. H. Walker, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 30 (1): 02. 1947; Acosta Solis, Proc. Ipjter-Amer. Conf. Conserv. Renewable Nat. Res. 329. 198; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 2, 5, 49, 55, 93, 128--130, 137--10, Ly2—-1, 1y6—-1y8, 151, 163, & 196. 1919; Moldenke & Moldenke, Anal. Inst. Biol. 20: 12. 1949; Acosta Solis, Publ. Dept. Forest. Ecuador 7: 38. 1949; C. Rabenoro, Recherch. Quelq. Mysin. Madag. 6. 1949; Van Steenis, Act. Hort. Berg. 15 (2): 2. 1949; Menn- inger, Winter 1950 Seed List. 1950; Bevan, Biologia 2: 237. 1951; Ruggles, New York World-Telegram, Oct. 27, 1951, p. 9. 1951; J. Masters, New York Times Mag., May 25, 1952, p. 53. 1952; La Rue, Science, new ser., 115: 296. 1952; Razi, Poona Univ. Journ. 1 (2): 47. 1952; Santapau, Pl. Saurashtra 31. 1953; C. Peet, Am. Forests 60 (6): 20--21 & flo. 1954; Santapau, Indian Forester 80 (7): 387. 1954; Decaisne, Nouv. Ann. Mus. Nat. Paris 3: 402; Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 508. Tllustrations: Rheede, Hort. Malab. h: 57, pl. 27. 1683; Rumph., Herb. Amboin. 3: pl. 18. 1743; Gaertn., Fruct. & Sem. Pl. 1: pl. 57. 1788; Roxb., Pl. Coromand, 1: pl. 6. 1795; Lam., Tabl. Encycl, Méth. 1: pl. 136. 1797; H. Falconer, Rep. Teak Forests [pl. 1]. 1852; Bocq., Rev. Verbenac. pl. 10. 1863; Bed- dome, Fl. Sylv. pl. 250. 1872; Brandis, Illustr. For. Fl. N.i. & Cent. India 3: pl. lh. 187); Blanco, Fl. Filip. pl. 11). 1877; Vidal, Sin. Fam. & Gen. Pl. Lefl. Filip. Atlas pl. 7h, fig. A. 1883; Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl. Ind. 51: pl. 1--7. 1892; Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. (3a): 168. 1895; Schimper, Pflanzen-Geogr. 376. 1898; Kronfeld, Atlas Pflanzengeogr. 162. 1899; Ahern, Philippine Woods 86. 1901; De Janville, Pl. Utiles Pays Chauds pl. 92. 1902; Agric. Prat. Pays Chauds 11 (2): 122. 1911; Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 2: pl. 21, fig. 17, & pl. 22, fig. 18. 1911; Costerus & Sm., Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 2, 9: 113, fig. 17 & 18. 1911; L. Reinhardt, Kulturgesch. Nutzpfl. (2): pl. 165. 1911; Talbot, For. Fl. Bombay 2: 347. 1911; Capus & Bois, Prod. Colon. 351. 1912; R. S. Pearson, Comm. Guide For. Econ. Prod. Ind. pl. . 1912; Koord. & Valet., Atlas Baumsart., Java 2: fig. 255--263 & 265--272. 191; Kanehira, Firmosan Trees 0). 1917; Rock, Ornam. Trees Hawaii pl. 73. 1917; Basu, Ind. Med. Pl. 3: pl. 735. 1918; Bertin, Mission Forest. Colon. Frang. 3: pl. 24. 1919; Presid. Coll. Bot. Bull. - Madras pl. 8). 1919; Van Gorkom, Oost-Ind. Cult., ed. 2, 3: 875 & 877. 1919; Unwin, W. Afr. Forests & Forestry 136, 150, 17h, 18), 228, 234, & 486. 1920; Junell, Symb. Bot. Upsal. \: fig. 135 & pl. 6, fig. h. 1934; Dop in Lecomte, Fl. Gén. Indo-Chine h: 799 & 811. 1935; A. P. Benthall, Trees of Calcutta 350. 1946; C. Peet, Am. Forests 60 (6): 20 & 21. 195). Synonymy: Tekka Rheede, Hort. Malab. 4: 57, pl. 27. 1683. 116 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 3 Jatus s. caju jati Rumph., Herb. Amboin. 3: 3, pl. 18. 173. Tectona a theka Lour., Fl. Cochinch., ed. 1, 137. 1790. Theka grandis (lL. f.) Lam., Illustr. 2: 111. 1793. Theka grandis L. apud Fr. de Montholou, Notices sur l'Indie 60. 1837. Tectona grandis L. apud Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 258. 1837. Tectonia grandis L. f. apud Walp., Repert. hk: 98. 186. Theka grandis Lam. apud Crévost & Pételot, Bull. Econom. Indo=-chine 37: 1291--1292, in syn. 193). Iatus Rumph. ex Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 163, in syn. 1935. sector ma grandis Roxb. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List In- valid Names 3, in syn. 190. Tectona asiatica Hort. ex Moldenke, cach Alph. List Invalid Names 3, in syn. 190. Tectonia grandis L. ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 21, in syn. 19:7. Tectonia grandis Willd. ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 21, in syn. 197. Toctona. grandis L. ex Moldenke, Alph. List T,valid Names Suppl. I: 21, in syn. 197. Toctona aeandhe L. f. ex Moldenke, Alph. List THvalid Names . Suppl. 1: 21, in syn. 197. Tectoma grandis Acosta Solis, Proc. Inter-Amer. Conf. Conserv. Renewable Nat. Res. 329. 198. Some authors state that this is the Quercus indica of Bontius (Java. 107) and the Quercus cajaten-hout of the Belgians. The binomial "Tectonia grandis L. f." is used also by J. Muller, An- atomie der Baumrinden, p. 176 (1882), and "Tectoma grandis" occurs again in Acosta Solis, Publ. Dept. Forest. Ecuador 7:38 (1949). Very detailed discussions of the history, culture, dis- tribution, and uses of the species will be found in G. Watts! Dictionary of the Economic Products of India, cited above, and in Hugh Falconer's Report on the Teak Forests of Tenasserim Province....with other Papers on the Teak Forests of India -- a work of 315 pages, 2 plates, and 2 maps, published in 1852. Because of the tremendous economic important of this species and its wide distribution, it has an unusually large number of common names. Included among them are "adaritéku", "arbre a teck", "bois de teak", "bois de teck", "bois de tek", "bois puant", Ncay-g-gia-tri", "chéne de 1' Inde", "ch6ne de Malabar", "chéne des Indes", "ch8ne du Malabar", "chingjagi", "common teak", "dalanang", "delandon", mq4ti", "délég", "dgaji", "djati", "qjéti", "Djatibaum", "djatiboom", "djatihout", "djati lentak", "djatti-boom", "djattie-boom", "djatti-hout", "dodolan", "East Indian oak", "Eisenholzbaum", "fati", "grosser Tek-baum", "hadlayéti", "h4ti", "Indian oak", "indische eik", "indische Eiche", "indisches Teak", "indische Teak", "jadi", "jate-hout", "jati", "jatiboom", "Jatibaum", "jattichout", "Java teak", "kajaten-hout", "kajoe jati", "kalay4ti", "khaka", "kiaten-hout", "kiati-hout", "kyin", "kyuu", "kywon", "loheri", "pedda téku", "sag", "g4g", "sagon", "sagun", "sagtin", "sAgin", "saguna", "sagun yAti", "sag v4n", "sagv4n", "s4g wan", "sagw4n", "sagwani', — "saigun", "saigfin", s4j", "sak", "ska", "sakhu", "s&khii", "sal", | "S41", "segun", "segin", "ship tree", "sfgwan", "singuru", | "sipna", "teak", "Teakbaum", "teakboom", "Teakholz", "teakhout", — "teak tree", "teak tree of India", "teak wood", "teak-wood", | 195), Moldenke, Additional notes on Tectona 117 "teakwood", "tecatt, "téca", "teca da India", "teck", "beck des Indes", "téga", "tegina", "tegina-mara", "tégu", "tek", "ték", "teka", "Tek-baum", "Tekholz", "tekhout", "tekka", "tékka-maram! ntékku", "tékkumaram", "téku", "téku-m4nu", "theca", "theck", "Theka Baum", "Thekholz", "Tiekholz", "Tihk Baum", "Tikbaum", "Tikholz", "ty4gada mara", "y4ti", and "Zimmer Baum", Collectors have noted it in flower in February, May, and Aug- ust, and in fruit in December. Quisumbing reports a 3-year-old tree may be 7 meters tall. Hoehne reports that it is used in the treatment of cholera, siphilis, and bacterial infections. Chees- man reports that it is planted on a commercial scale on Trinidad. Several authors report that the trees are usually killed by girdling about 3 years before they are felled. Yuncker states that a few trees of this species have been introduced on Niue Island from Samoa and are to be found on the government planta- tion at Fonukula, where they appear to be doing well. Menninger reports that in regions where there is a pronounced dry season the tree is deciduous and will flower and fruit after the new leaves have come on with the ensuing wet season. Chevalier re- cords it as cultivated at Lagos, Nigeria. It is reported by Razi from Mysore, India, and is called a megaphanerophyte by him in accordance with Raunkiaer's classification of life-forms. Rich- ard states that it is a large tree in gardens on Réunion, It has been collected at altitudes of 10--30 meters on Kangean, 100 meters on Java, and 100--150 meters on Madura Island. Acosta Solis describes it as "a species of mahogany, which grows rapidly and produces a good grade of wood" and is "adecua- da para las Areas tropicales de la costa" in Ecuador. MacMillan describes it as a gregarious tree, yielding one of the most in- portant commercial timbers of the tropics. The best wood is con- sidered to be yielded by trees growing in calcareous soils. It is, he says, one of the timbers that are reasonably immune to termite attack. Twenty-four of the seeds weigh an ounce, 38) a pound, and there are usually 2 or 3 deeds per fruit. The foliage is attacked by the Teak Leaf-eater (Hybloea puera), whose at- tacks may be controlled by a lead-arsenate spray. Dunlap, on the other hand, says it is a fast-growing tree "free of pests and diseases. Excellent, probably the best, hard timber, resistant to weathering, salt water, fire, and termites. Young trees suffer somewhat from high winds in exposed places because of the large surface area of the leaves, but partial leaf pruning for the first two years corrects this. Requires deep subsoil and only moderate rainfall. At age of one year, nursery seedlings are cut off an inch above the ground and the root 12 inches under; these stumps are then planted in field. Growth is rapid when young — 8 feet in six months, 26 feet in seventeen months with diameter of 3 inches." Bojer records the species as cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Pampelmousse, Mauritius, and says it is native to eastern India, Pegu (Burma), and the Moluccas. Lam records the species (not in cultivation) from India, Malacca, Burma, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, the Philippines, Marianna Islands, Sumbawa, Bali, 118 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, nogeg Kangean, and Celebes. Van Steenis is of the opinion that it is now native only to Lower Burma and central Java, and that this disjunct distribution, shared by various other species, is due to change in geography and climate following the last Ice Age. Altona, on the other hand, believes that the Hindus originally imported the species into. Java when they migrated there. The Koorders 10)80b cited below shows seedling leaves irregu- larly serrate throughout. The Liendoza 62, also cited below, has a label which indicates that the species is both planted and naturalized on the island of Luzon. The Kelly 1) collection is a mixture with something fabaceous,. The Bois 539 is from the her barium of Prince Roland Napoleon Bonaparte, . and the Jack 817 collection includes seed. A sheet of this species is on exhibit in case };09 of the Oakes Ames Economic Herbarium at Cambridge, Massachusetts. Walker cites a Surridge 1938b from Fiji, not yet seen by me. L. H. Bailey's 1935 catalogue me of dealers and seeds- men handling Verbenaceae lists Taihoku as a source of this spec- ies. La Rue in the reference cited above reports on the presence of root grafts in teak. Thorenaar reports that on his collection the leaves are "gespikkeld, grootendeels wit", so it may actually represent var. glabrifolia rather than the typical form. The fig. 26 of Koorders and Valeton's Atlas Baumsarten, vol. 2 (191), often cited for this species, actually represents f. abludens. Additional citations: PANAMA: Canal Zone: C. D. Mell 8 (N, N). CUBA: Oriente: Clément 6121 (N). PUERTO RICO: Cobin 1766) (Kr). MARTINIQUE: Bélanger 182 (X (X5K)$: Piée Son. (B). FRENCH GUIANA: Poiteau s.n. [Cayenne] ( (P24P, Py BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Karwir ski s.n son. (Br, Br, Br); Vauthier sen. [1836] (P). State undeter- mined: Regnell s.n. (Us); Widgren s. s.n. (Us). MADAGASCAR: Bojer s.n. (P). INDIA: Bombay: Herb. Coll. P Pharmacy s.n. (Pa); Kuntze 7448 (It). Madras: Gamble 152h5 (Bz--23673); G. Thomson o.ancom [Maisor & Carnatic] (S); Wight ight 2306 (Bz—-23683). United Provinces: Collector undesignated s.n. [Mangalor] (N); Hohenacker 169 (S); Pait s.n. [August 1928] (Mi), s.n. [December 1928] (Mi); Razdan SM. [3-9- & 11.9.28] (S). State undetermined: Herb. T. Cooke s Se n. (Mi); Herb, Roxburgh s.n, [Herb. Martii] (Br, Br, Br, Br); Herb. Swartz s.n. [ex India dia orientali] (S); Willard SNe (0a). BURMA: Tenasserim: Brandis s.n. [Attaran] ibaa oa 2h, (Br); Falconer 752 (Bz--23681); Herb. Imp. Forest. 11500 [Herb. Burma Forest. School 27] (Br); Meebold 7 +603 “3 3). CEYLON: Ktnig s.n. [1784] (S). INDOCHINA: Cochin-china: Herb. dard. Bot. Sa Saigon. sen. (S); Pierre VII (Bz--23687), sen. (N). STRAITS SETTLEMENTS: Malacca: We Griffith sen. [} alacca, ca, 18)5] (Br). PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Basilan: D. P. Miranda SoM. [Herbs Philip. Bur. Sci. 1897] (Cm, Cm, Gg--3126). Luzon: Mendoza 62 (N); M. Ramos 329) (Bz——236hh, B2——236L5, Bz—-2366), sen. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 329] (Bz--23643); C. B. Robinson 11885 (Bz— 23642); Robinson & Ramos s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 11885] ———— a 195), Moldenke, Additional notes on Tectona 119 (Bz--2361, Lu, S, S). Mindanao: Ahern 602 (Bz—-236h9, Bz— 23650), 835 (Bz--23651, Bz—-23652); Whitford & Hutchinson s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 960] (Cm). MARIANNA ISLANDS: Guam: Glassman 26 (Ur, Ur, Ur); J. B. Thompson 253 (Bz--23685, Bz—— 23686) . SUMATRA: Herb. Bogoriense 23668 (Bz), 23669 (Bz), 23670 (Bz); LUrzing 4070 (Bz--23671); Ostwald 1) [Boschproefstation BB.621] (Bz—-23666, Bz--23667); Van Steenis 317) (Bz--23665); Vwlke 1 [Boschbouwproefst. BB.25519] (Bz--23660), 2 [Boschbouw- proefst. BB.25520] (Bz—-23661, Bz--23662), 3 [Boschbouwproefst. BB.25521] (Bz--23663), 4 [Boschbouwproefst. BB.25522] (Bz—— 2366). MADURA ISLAND: Backer 19909 (Bz-~23630). JAVA: Bakhuizen —_———— 23515); Franck 88 (S); Koorders 9750b (Bz--23536), 9751b (Bz-— 23537, Bz--23538), 9752b (Bz--23600), 9753b [Boschwezen 1022a] (Bz--23601, Bz--23602), 9754b (Bz--2360)), 9755b (Bz--23605), 9757b (Bz--23552), 9758b (Bz—-23553, Bz--2355.), 9759b (Bz-— 2353L, Bz--23535), 9760b (Bz--23557, Bz--23558, Bz—-23559), 9761b (Bz--23589), 9762b [Boschwezen 1036i] (Bz--2358), Bz--23585) , 9763b [Boschwezen 1037i] (Bz--23587, Bz--23588), 976hb (Bz-- 23573), 9765b (Bz--23590, Bz—-23591, N), 9766b (Bz—-23613, Bz— 2361), 9768b (Bz—~23606), 9769b (Bz—-23545, Bz--235)6), 9770b (Bz—-23548, Bz—--23549, Bz--25701), 9771lb (Bz——23619, Bz——-23620, Bz--25700), 1OW80b (Bz—-23580, Bz--23581), 12794b (Bz--23607), 13737) (Bz--2356h, Bz—-23565), 137)0b (Bz--23560, Bz--23561), 20137) (Bz--23568, Bz—23569), 20632b (Bz—--23621, Bz--23622, Bz- 23623), 206)0b (Bz-—23612), 206h.1b (Bz--23617, Bz--23618, Ut-- 597k), 20642b (Bz--23626, Bz--23627), 20643b (Bz--23628, Bz-- 23629), 206Lyb (Bz—-2362), Bz--23625, Ut--59736), 23993b (Bz-- 2359, Bz——23595, Bz—~23596), 2h517b [Boschwezen 57c] (Bz--23562, Bz—-23563), 24598b (Bz--23570, Bz--23571), 25287b [Boschwezen 57a] (Bz--23592, Bz--23593, N), 2872b [Boschwezen 1037i] (Bz-- 23576, Ba--23577), 284 76b [Boschwezen 1036i] (Bz—-23582, Bz-- 23583), 29621b (Bz——23603), 29622b (Bz--23539, Bz--235h0, Bz-- 2351, Ut--59737, Ut--59738, Ut—59739), 29623b [Boschwezen 1023a] (Bz--23551, Ut--597)1, Ut--597)2), 29886b [201] (Bz-- 23542, Bz--23543, Bz—-235hh), 29917b (Bz--23610, Bz--23611, Bz-- 25638), 30098b (Bz—-23615, Bz--23616), 30192b (Bz—-23608, Bz—- 23609), 30193b [2609] (Bz--23547), 30298b (Bz--23572), 33239b [Boschwezen 1037i] (Bz--23578, Bz--23579), 332h8b (Bz--23586), 36529b (Bz--23597, Bz—-23598), 227hb [boom 126t] (Bz--23550), sen. [22.11.88] (Bz--25639), s.n. [19.III.88] (Bz--256)0); Leeu- wen-Reijnvaan s.n. (Bz--23523); Ploem s.n. [Java] (Bz—-23516);_ Slooten 628 (Bz--23521); Thorenaar s.n. [III.1927] (Bz--23522); Thunberg s.n. [1777] (S); Van Steenis 1503 (Bz--23520); Voogd s. —n. [28-6-19)1]. (Bz--23518); Warburg 079 (0a); Wind Hzn 6202 (B2z--23514); Zollinger 1330 (S). BORNEO: Labohm 1185 (Bz——23503). 120 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 3 CELEBES: Bttnnemeyer 10702 (Bz—-23653, Bz—--2365h, Bz——23655); Rachmat 316 (Bz—-23656, 56, Bz—-23657, Bz--23658); Waturandang 198 [Boschbouwproefst. BB.21719] (Bz——23659) « KANGEAN ARCHIPELAGO: Kangean: Backer 2680 (Bz--2363h, Bz--23635, Bz--23636, Bz— 23637). Paliat: Backer 29587 (Bz--23632, Bz--23633) « Sepand jane: Backer 28762 (Bz—-23631). LESSER SUNDA ISLANDS: Depok: Herb. Acad. Rheno-Trai. s.n. (Ut--88913a, Ut--8891la, Ut--88915a, Ut-- 689i6a, Ut--88917a, , Ut—-88918a). MOLUCCA ISLANDS: Amboina: "De Bell 27 [Boschproefst. BB.10121] (Bz——-23638, Bz--23639) 5 C. B Be Robinson 298 (Bz—-23640). CULTIVATED: Florida: Buswell s.n. {Dec. li, 1944] (Bu); Fennell 1036 [Coconut Grove Garden no. 3512] (0a --136hh). Cuba: Acufia Acufia 16111 (Es); A. J. Eames s.n, [March 10, 1948] (It); Jack 817 (N); Moldenke | & - Moldenke "19886 (Es, las Mg, N, No, Ot, sm). Guadeloupe: C. S. Parker s.n. (K). Martinique: Hahn 1275° (Bm, Br, Br, P, P, Us); Plée 720 (P, P, P, P, P). Trim idad: W. E. Brosdeery S.De sant. hy 1916) (K); Bui jsman s.n. [22 Aug. 1893] (Na—-17)07, , Na--1708) ; Wrbna s.n. [Sieber Fl. Trinit. 27] (De, Le, Le, Lu, Mu--730, V, V). French Guiana: Poiteau s.n. (P). er Gul ienin 668 (P); Herb. Harvey s.n. [cultivé Jard. Bot. de Rio-Janeiro, 1839] (Du--166525); Weddell 25 (Cb, Cb, Cb); Whitford 2 (K). Denmark: Herb. 7 eae ann S.n. (Le). Nether- lands: Herb. Lugd.-Bat. 902530 (Le, Le, Le); Herb. Persoon SNe (Le); Pulle sen. [V.1906] (Ut, Ut). cialieds Herb. Decaisne s.n. (Br, Br); H Herb. Martius s.n. (Br, Br); Lejeune s.n. (Br, Br). Egypt: Kotschy s.n. [1855] (V, V, V); Prince Paul ul of Wurttemberg sna (V) Schweinfurth 2361 (Bm). Ruada Island: Prince Paul of Wurttemberg s.n. (Mu--1602). Cameroons: Winkler 56a (B, B), 10h (B, B). Belgian Congo: Corbisier Balanot 1098 (Br). Mascarene Islands: Mauritius: CommerscR son. ie: (Pui ie er ae P, P, P). Réunion: L. C. Richard s.n. (P, P, P, vat) India: T. Anderson 28 (P); Bell 679 (K); Herb. Hort. ae pédient bens s 7712/4 2/y (By By , B, De, 5} 772/5 (K),, Sen. [cult. in Hort. Bot. Cal.] (Le), s.n. (Ed, Mu--735, Mu--1)70); Hooker f. & Thomson s.n. (Le); Jamieson s.n. [Saharampore] (Ed); Kirat Ram am 2810), (5; S$); Kurz s.n. [cult. in Horto Botanico Calcuttemsi] (Bz—-23672, Bz--23679, Bz--23680,N); R. R. Stewart 1107 (K); T. Thomson s.n. [Plan. Ganget. Sup.] (B, v), 8 sen. (P); Wallich 772 (X), 772d (P). French India: Pondicher- ry: Leprieur s.n. [Pondicherry] (P); Perrottet 71 (P). Ceylon: C. F. Baker 126 (Bl—l2355, Cp, Cp, Du--108689, Ed, It, K, K, Le, Ms, P, Po--252h61, Po=25 39, Se--6173, Ut); W. Be Broadway Se ne cai hy 1916] (Du--11976)). Formosa: W. R. Price SNe [Kagi, 11.2.12] (K, K). Hongkong: Urquhart 36 (K, “K). Cochinchina: on sn. (Saigon, 8/1877] (P), s.n. [Hort. Bot. Saigonensis] Bm); Thorel 1279 (P), s.n. [1862-1865] (S). Tonkin: Bois 539 Saat Fleury s.n. [Chevalier 37753] (P). Straits Settlements: Furtado s.n. [Bot. Gard. Singapore, 12 Sept. 1929] (Bm); Maing 1193 (K). Philippine Islands: Gates & Quisumbing 7989 (he=BETEOY « tribution. All money received from mutaeribend after the expen: lections have been deducted, will be distributed among the contrib the completion of a il eearegtks in proportion to ie nies whee ie a a font limitations of size ‘ht proportion. An extra chahee will Hs ne tones, depending on their size, as fixed by the engraver, with ; a about $2.25. . Sh Be aoe fied 1 botanists. Under the present cost of printing, the basic rate for a page thereof is approximately $3.00 for an edition of 250 copies. This DI to change without notice, since it depends entirely on the pri in the printing industry. of aan i as is also ianlehiet sight to > contributors. Upon request, the editors will send dette instructions preparation of manuscript or further information about the 1 quiries may be addressed to the magazine or to either editor. PHYTOLOGIA Designed to expedite botanical publication ‘ay January, 1955 No. 4 CONTENTS : HL ei Materials toward a monograph of the 7 ..... hits PONE Cone RAED) Tae as Au ty 142 ee ie yey 2 d He ath N. ‘Moldenke and Alma L. Moldenke Hy eRe 18 Glenbrook Avenue Yonkers 5, New York A NEW HAWTHORN IN THE MORTON ARBORETUM CRATAEGUS MORTONIS Punctatae Series Species nova Kendall Laughlin 312 N. Central Ave., Chicago, Ill. A tree with spreading branches up to 8 m. in height with a stem 23 cm. in diameter. Bark thin, grayish-brown, shallowly fissured into narrow plates. Branchlets normally glabrous, vigorous shoots villose, greenish-brown in their first year, becoming reddish- brown in the following years. Spines on branches 3-6 cm. long, usually about 4 cm. long, simple, slender, nearly straight, lustrous dark reddish-brown; spines on trunks 8-12 cm. long, compound, Leaves usually broadly obovate, broadest just above the middle, or elliptic, unlobed except for teeth projecting at the ends of primary veins, with a short acute apex or sometimes obtuse, serrate above the broadly cuneate base, 5-9 cm. long, 3-6 cm. wide, firm or thick, dull light or dark green or slightly lustrous above, pale and reticulate-venulose beneath, with a thick, pale midrib and 5-9 pairs of primary veins impressed above; upper surface of young leaves sparsely covered with very short glistening white hairs, becoming glabrous; undersurface of leaves pu- berulent thruout the season. Petioles 1-2.5 cm. long, grooved above, winged above the middle, glabrous or slightly villose and glabrate. Flowers opening about May 25 on villose pedicels in 13-16-flowered corymbs, ill-smelling, 1.4-1.8 cm. wide. 20 stamens with very light pink anthers. Usually 3-4 pistils, rarely 2. Calyx-lobes lanceolate, glandular-pectinate. Receptacle 3 mm. long, covered with long white hairs. 71 122 PHY TOLGOG Es Vol. 5, no. Bracts and bractlets scarious, lanceolate, glan- dular-serrulate, about 1 cm. long. Fruit ripening in late August and the first half of September, in erect corymbs with usually 3-5 pedi- cels, subglobose or short-oblong, glabrous, lustrous red, yellow-red or greenish-red, 10-12 mm. long, (11-)12-13(-14) mm. wide, with tough dry yellow flesh and spreading or erect calyx-lobes. Calyx-tube broad and shallow. Nutlets 2-4, usually 3, (7-)8 mm. long, (4-)5-8 mm. wide, ridged on the back with about 3 low ridges, with plane ventral faces. CRATAEGUS MORTONIS Arbor ramis expandentibus 8 m. alta, trunco 23 em. diametro. Cortex tenuis cinereo-brunneus, levi- ter fissus in angustas laminas. Ramuli fere semper glabri, vigentes surculi villosi, primo anno viridi- brunnei, faciendi rufo-brunnei vetustioribus annis. Spinae in ramis 3-6 cm. longae, plerumque circa 4 cm. longae, simplices, graciles, prope rectae, lucidae fuscae rufo-brunneae; spinae in truncis 8-12 cm. lon- gae, compositae. Folia plerumque late obovata, latissima super medium, aut elliptica, non lobata praeter dentis *pro- minentis in finibus nervorum lateralium principalium utroque latere, brevi acuto apice aut interdum obtu- Sa, serrata super late cuneatam basim, 5-9 cm. longa, 3-6 cm. lata, firma aut crassa, supra hebetia palli- do-viridia aut atroviridia aut leviter lucida, subtus pallida et reticulato-venulosa, costa media crassa pallida et 5-9 nervis lateralibus principalibus utro- que latere supra impressis; superficies juvenium fo- liorum sparsim tecta cum brevissimis lucentibus albis pilis, facienda glabra; inferior facies foliorum pu- berulens per anni tempus, Petioli 1-2.5 cm. longi, supra canaliculati, su- per medium alati, glabri aut leviter villosi et gla- brati. Flores in anthesi circa 25 Maium in villosis pe- dicellis in corymbis 13-16-floridis, foetidi, 1.4-1.8 em. lati; staminibus 20 antheris valde 1955 Laughlin, A New Hawthorn 123 pallido-roseis; pistillis plerumque 3-4, raro 2; ca- lycis lobis lanceolatis glandulari-pectinatis; recep- taculo 3 mm. longo tecto cum longis albis pilis; bracteis bracteolisque scariosis lanceolatis glandu- lari-serrulatis, circiter 1 cm. longis. Fructus maturescens sero Augusto et primo dimi- dio Septembris, in erectis corymbis plerumque 3-5 pe- dicellis, subglobosus aut breviter oblongus, glaber, lucidus ruber, fulvus aut viridi-ruber, 10-12 mm. longus, (11-)12-13(-14) mm. latus, dura sicca lutea carni et calycis lobis expandentibus aut erectis; ca- lycis tubulo lato et tenui; nuculis 2-4, plerumque 3, (7-)8 mm. longis, (4-)5-8 mm. latis, in dorso stria- tis circa 3 humilibus fastigiis, planis ventralibus faciebus. Discussion The range of this newly discovered species of Hawthorn is confined to the native woods of the Mor- ton Arboretum west of the East Branch of the Du Page River 14 miles northwest of Lisle, Ill. Most of the trees, which are numerous, are on the upland south of the creek that flows thru an artificial lake to the river; others are scattered to the northward about as far as the lower slope of Thornhill, The tree taken as the type tree, which has a di- ameter of 9 inches and a circumference of 2 feet 6 inches at 54 inches above the ground, a spread of 25 feet and a height of 23 feet, is on the south side of Trail 30 on the ridge 98 feet west of and on the op- posite side of the trail from the American Forestry Association's champion Malus ioensis (an extraordin- ary tree, with a circumference of 4 feet 3 inches). The description is a composite one made to include the characters of a tree at the intersection of Trails 30 and 41, which is 24 feet high and measure- ments of which have been taken since 1946. Mortonis attains a large size for a Hawthorn and is exceeded only by mollis, punctata and hillii and is about equal to crus-galli and pedicellata,. The texture and shape of the leaves of mortonis look like the Macracanthae Series. The fruit, how- ever, exceeding 1 cm. in diameter and having firm flesh, is not at all like that series. This 12h PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. combination of characters, in conjunction with its very restricted range, justifies the assumption that mortonis is of hybrid origin. The species in the vic- inity are mollis, punctata and ~“paucispina, none of which, crossing between themselves, could have pro- duced a plant like mortonis. The leaves of different specimens of mortonis vary from light green to dark green. It is easy to see a Similarity between the light green leaves and the leaves of punctata growing nearby, tho there is a difference in the texture. While the fruit is defin- itely distinguished from punctata by the glandular- pectinate calyx-lobes and the shallow calyx-tube, there is a rough similarity in the color, shape and size. One may therefore conjecture that one of the parent species of mortonis was punctata. No member of the Macracanthae Series is now growing in the vicinity of mortonis, so that there is no present evidence in the field to indicate what the parent species of that series was. Mortonis differs from celsa, the putative hybrid of punctata and succulenta, in the puberulent undersurface of the leaves and the firm flesh of the fruit. One may guess that the parent species was cal- podendron. The upland colony of mortonis is growing in the midst of a plantation of hemlocks and yews and it is barely possible that calpodendron, which never exceeds 4 inches in diameter, was cut out. There is no record of a putative hybrid of punctata and calpo- dendron having been previously described. The bloom- ing period of calpodendron is the latest of any spe- cies of Hawthorm in this region, but it overlaps that of punctata by a few days in early June. Mortonis blossoms rather sparsely. I examined numerous flowers on different trees and found that the characters of all of them were exactly the same, with very light pink anthers. This rigid floral pattern may seem surprising for a taxon of hybrid origin, but it seems to indicate that all these plants descended from a single remote ancestor. It is in striking con- trast to calpodendron, no two plants of which I have found with the same color of anthers. While there are occasional soft spots in the ven- tral faces of the nutlets, the evidence of ventral | cavities is insufficient for mortonis to be placed in ae 1955 Laughlin, A New Hawthorn 125 the Macracanthae Series, the basic character of which is the presence of ventral cavities. About forty per cent of the nutlets of fruit picked up off the ground after lying there thru the winter showed ventral cavi- ties; but such evidence is inconclusive beeause of the possible work of weevils. It seems that mortonis should be placed in the Punctatae Series. The growth rate of the mortonis tree at the in- tersection of Trails 30 and 41 is .13 inch of circum- ference per year. At this rate of growth the type tree is 231 years old. The growth rate of punctata is -31 inch. I have no figures for calpodendron, but the growth rates of two members of the Macracanthae Series are: gemmosa, .05 inch; aultii, .08 inch.. It therefore appears that the growth rate of mortonis is intermediate between punctata and the Macracanthae Se- ries. Specimen material will be placed in the leading institutional herbaria. 1 the author does not accept E. J. Palmer's syno- nymy of paucispina with macrosperma roanensis (Britto- nia V.5:5 P.486) because the two species differ in es- sential characters other than the leaves, viz: pau- cispina--pedicels sparingly villose, calyx-lobes glan- dular-serrulate, fruit 1.2-1.5 cm. wide, spines sparse and stout, 12-22 mm. long; macrosperma roanensis--ped- icels glabrous, calyx-lobes entire, fruit .7-.9 cm. wide, spines 26-57 mm. long (the latter for macrosper- ma in,Cook Co.). Gemmosa and gaultii are two distinct types that were placed by E. J. Palmer in his succulenta complex (Brittonia l.c.). 126 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. LEAF OF CRATAEGUS MORTONIS Three-fourths natural size FRUIT OF CRATAEGUS MORTONIS Three-fourths natural size CERTAMEN MELASTOMATACEIS II. John J. Wurdack MICONIA SETOSA Wurdack, spe nov. Sect. Amblyarrhens. M. haematostemoni Naud. affinis sed pu= bescentia longiore inflorescentia compactiore filamentis egland- ulosis stylo glebro differt. Trichomata leavia. Ranuli teretes dense fusco-brunneo=-se= tosi pilis erectis 2(-3) mm. longis. Petioli 2.5-3.5 om. longi pubescentia ramorum eadem. Lamina tenuiter coriacea 7.5=-9.5 x 3-5 cme elliptica vel parce obovatoeelliptica apice acuta basi late acuta 5=enervia (nervulis marginalibus neglectis) venis su- pra impressis subtus anguste elevatis, margine ciliata integra, supra glabra, subtus cum nervis primariis modice setulosis sece ondariis tertiariisque sparse setulosis superficie glabra. Ine florescentia compacto=paniculata rotundata ca. 5 cm. longa. Pedicelli setulosi 3=4 mm. longi dense setosi ad medium bibracte eolati bracteolis 363.5 x 0.5 mm. supra glabris subtus setulosis,. Flores 5=-meri. Hypanthium (ad torum) 3 x 4 mm. dense setosum; tubus calycis 1.5 mm. longus lobis 1.2=1.5 mm. longis apice ro= tundatis extus tuberculatis tuberculo quam lobus interior brevi-e ore. Petala glabra 7-7.2 x 6.2=6.8 mm. suborbiculeria apice in= voluta. Filamenta 3 x 0.8-0.9 mm glabra; antherae 1.7 mm longae oblongae apice minute uniporosae connectivo sub theois antice 0.2=0.5 mm. prolongo bilobuleto. Stylus 55.5 x 0.8-0.9 mm. glaber; stigma punctiforme. Ovarium 5=loculare apice in collo sulcato glabro 1.5 mn. alto circum stylum prolongum. Holotype: Silvio Yepes Agredo 458 (CNHM 1304596) (F), col- lected between EI Tambo and Munchique, Dept. Cauca, Colombia, Aug. 1948. "Mata." M. haematostemon has generally shorter cauline, foliar, and hypanthial pubescence, prominent exterior calyx teeth exceeding the interior lobes, larger anthers with glandular filaments, and a vuberulent style. MICONIA ACANTHOCORYNE Wurdack, sp. nov. Sect. Cremanium. M. miocarpae Naud. affinis sed cum petiol-~ is brevioribus fo s Tate ellipticis floribus minoribus sessil- ibus stylo staminibus breviore. Rami supremi teretes cum petiolis paniculisque rubiginoso= furfuracei. Petioli 1-2 cm. longi; lamina coriacea integra 8-12.5 (acumine non incluso) x 4-7 cm. elliptica apice caudatoe acuminata basi obtusa trinervia (nervulis marginalibus exclusis) nervis primariis et secundariis supra anguste impressis subtus leviter elevatis vix reticulatis, supra glabra, subtus ied rubiginoso-furfuracea pilis spiculatis ad paginam 10=12/mm. praecipue apicem versus. Panicula 8-13 cm. longa ramis inter- rupto-confertifloris; flores 5-meri sessiles vel rare vix (ad 127 128 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, moscow 0.5 mm.) pedicellati bracteolis ovato=lanceolatis 1-2.5 m. longis valde caducis extus furfuraceis. Hypanthium (ad torum) 0.9-1.1 x 1.2 mm. minutissime glandulosum apice medioque gla- brum basi sparse furfuraceums tubus calycis 0.1 mm. altus, lobis interioribus inconspicuis 0.15 mm. altis lateribus concavis, ex= terioribus callosis interiores aequantibus. Petala 1 x 0.8 m, obovata apice rotundato=-truncata glabra. Filamenta 7 mm. longa; antherae 2.2 mm. longae oblongae late 4—porosae 4=-loculares con-= nectivo 0.5 mm. prolongato postice vix incrassato. Stylus 2x 0.25 mm. glaber; stigma subcapitellatum 0.4 mm. latum. Ovarium biloculare multiovulatum apice vix conicum glabrun. Holotype: Kjell von Sneidern 5364 (CNHM 1298984) (F; isotype CNHM 1296133 P Collected at "La Selva. Cordillera Occidentale Vertiente Occidental.", Dept. Caldas, Colombia, elev. 1600-1900 Me, l=2=1946. M. miocarpa has petioles 2=—4 cm., leaf blade (exclusive of acumen ) length /wiath ratio 2.6=-3 (rather than 1,882.2), flowers 0.5-1 mm. pedicellate, hypanthium plus calyx 1.5=-1.8 mm. long and densely furfuraceous, and style a little longer than the stamens. The lower leaf surface pubescence of M. miocarpa is not mentioned directly by Naudin and is not visible in the ex= cellent photograph of the holotype (F36267) but, by implication end from Cogniaux's placement in his Monograph, is slight and limited to the veins. No mature leaf=tips are present in von Sneidern 5364 but the acumens of young leaves are about 1/8-1/5 the length of the blade proper. The specific name, suggested by Dr. D. Pe Rogers, refers to the hairs of the lower leaf sur= face. MICONIA AENIGMATICA Wurdack, spe noVe Sect. Cremanium. M. lehmannii Cogn., M tinifoliae Naud., et M. nodosae Cogn. remote affinis sed-cum floribus muito maior= ibus. Rami quadrangulato=teretes junioribus leviter furfuraceis mox glabrescentis. Petioli 1-3 cm.; lamina 10-15 x 4=7.5 om. obovato=-elliptica vel elliptica apice breviter subabrupteque (4-10 mm.) hebeti-acuminata basi acuta brevissime (2=4 mm.) 5= plinervia nervis duobus interioribus altius (25 mm.) inaequal- iterque insertis cum nervo mediano sensim coalitis nervis later= alibus 3-7 mm. inter se distantibus supra levissime impressis subtus prominentibus, primum ubique fulvoefurfuracea supra mox glabrescentia subtus sparsissime furfuracea (demum glabrescente= jia?), margine inconspicue remoteque (2=4 mm.) spinuloso=dentic- ulata spinulis 0.2 mm. longis valde caducis. Panicula ampla 10-15 om. longa glabra; flores 5=meri brevissime (0.5-1 mm.) crasso-pedicellati. Hypanthium (ad torum) 4 x 3.5 mm. glabrum; tubus calycis 0.7 mm. longus lobis obtusis 0.5 mm. altis extus calcaratis calcoari acuto lobis parce breviore. Petala 2.2 x 2.3 -2.4 mm. obovata apice oblique rotundato-truncata intus et extus granulosa. Filamenta 2.3=2.5 mm. longa glabra; anthereae glabrae obovato-oblongae apice biporosae (poris pro sectione Cremanio 1955 | Wurdack, Certamen Melastomataceis 129 parvis) apice biloculares basim versus 4-loculares loculis 1.7= 1.9 mm. longis connectivo sub loculis antice Oe7 m. bilobulato= prolongato postice l=-l1.] mm. longo calcarato. Stylus 6=7 x 0.6 mn. glaber; stigma vix capitellatum 0.7-0.8 mm. latum. Ovarium S-loculare multiovulatum apice libero conico cum collo glabro 0.8 mm. alto. Holotype: J. Cuatrecasas 21752 (CNHM 1300629) (Fs; isotypes NY, CNHM 1300628 F), collected on the "Cordillera Occidental, Los Farallones, vert. NW, Quebrada del Raton: Mina El Diamante", Dept. El Valle, Colombia, elev. 2950-3000 m., 29=30 July 1946, "Arbol 8 met. Hoja membranoso coriacea, verde brillante haz, verde claro enves. Caliz verde palido. Petalos blancos. Filae mentas y anteras blancos,." Paratypes: Cuatrecasas 21701 (CNHM 1300630 F, NY), from "Cordillera Occidental, Los Farallones, vertiente oriental; Almorzadero, bosques", Dept. El Valle, elev. 2950 m., 25 July 1946. Among the glabrescent species of Sect. Cremanium, there are none with the foliar and large flower characters of M, aenigmat- ica, the three postulated relatives having flowers less than one= half this size. M, tinifolia and M, lehmannii have proportion= ately wider-pored anthers; the lateral veins of the leaves of M. tinifolia are scarcely more prominent than the tertiaries and not at all elevated. M. nodosa, from the description and type photograph, differs in its setulose leaf nodes and callose petie ole insertion as well as in flower size. The general aspect of M. aenigmatica is reminiscent of Sect. Amblyarrhena where the anthers are usually unappendaged and uniporosé. MICONIA RAVA Wurdack, sp. nov. Sect. Cremanium. M. orcheotomae Naud., Me plethoricae Naud., et M. plenae Gleas. affinis sed cum ramis vetustioribus 4=alatis. Rami acute quadrangulati (vetustiores breviter crasseque 4= alati) dense fulvo-furfuracea pilis stellatis. Petioli 2=3 om. longi pubescentia ramorum eadem; lamina tenue coriacea 12=16 x 5.5-5 cm. integra vel levissime spinulosa elliptica vel levissi-= me obovato-elliptica vel levissime ovato-elliptica apice brevi- ter graditer acuteque acuminata basi acuta 5=nervia (nervis marginalibus inclusis) nervis primariis supra planis vel leviter sulcatis subtus elevatis, lateralibus supra obscuris subtus lev= iter elevatis 2-4 mm. inter se distantibus obscure reticulatis, supra primum fulvo-furfuracea mox glabrescentia subtus dense persistenteraue fulvostellato-furfuracea, Panicula 5=14 cm. longa fulvo-furfuracea ramis confertifloris; flores sessiles ebracteolati 5-meri, Hypanthium (ad torum) 1.5=-1.7 x 2=2.4 mm, dense fulvo-furfuraceum; tubus calycis 0.2 mm. altus lobis intee rioribus 0.4 mm altis ovato-rotundatis exterioribus planis quam interioribus brevioribus. Petala 1.5 x 1.6 mm. obovata apice rotundata glabra. Filamenta 2.7=2.9 mm. glabra; antherae 1.2 x 0.7 mm. oblongae vel obovato=oblongae late biporosae ad partem 2/3 4-loculares connectivo sub loculis antice 0.3 mm bilobulato- 130 PH Y?0'h:0 Gr Vol. 5, m@auy prolongato postice 0.45 mm hebeti-calcarato. Stylus 2.7 x 064 mn. glaber; stigma leviter capitellatum 0.6 mm. latum. Ovarium glabrum 3-loculare loculis multiovulatis apice conicume Holotype: J. Cuatrecasas 21705 (NY; isotypes CNHM 1300632 and 1300633 F), collected on the "Cordillera Occidental, Los Farallones, vertiente oriental: Almorzadero, bosques," Dept. El Valle, Colombia, elev. 2950 m., 25 July 1946. “Arbol. Hoja membranosa, rigida, gruesa, verde plomizo haz, ocracea enves, Petalos y estambres blancos. Cealiz ocraceo claro." M. orcheotoma has smaller relatively broader leaves and terete to inconspicuously rounded=quadrangular branches, but Similar flowers; M. plena has much more closely appressed pubes= cence, more widely spaced lateral veins on the leaves, acutely ouadrangular but unwinged older branches, a truncate style, and unappendaged anthers; M. plethorica has shaggier stem pubescence, rounded=quadrangular branches dilated at the nodes, and relative= ly wider leaves. MICONIA SUPERPOSITA Wordack, Spe nove Sect. Chaenopleura. A M. andinae Naud. differt foliis tenue ioribus inflorescentia minore floribus 5-meris antheris prorsus ad basin rimosis; a M, hymenantherae fr. differt ramis foliisque glabris stigmate capitellato. Rami tetragoni novellis squamulosis mox glaberrimis. Peti= oli 10-15 mm. longi; lamina 5.588 x 2.5=3.5 cm. oblongo=ellipti-~ ca apice breviter acuminata basi late acuta margine inconspicue setuloso=denticulata (setulis 0.5 mm longis 2=3 mm. inter se distantibus) trinervia (nervis marginalibus dilutis neglectis) nervulis supra creberrime impressis subtus vix elevatis laxe reticulatis, primum squamulosa mox glaberrima. Inflorescentia pauciflora; pedicelli 3=5 mm. longi supra medium bibracteolati bracteolis 3.7 x 0.8 mm oblongo=lanceolatis; flores 5=meri ubique glabri. Hypanthium (ad torum) 2.5 x 3 mm. hemisphaeric= um; tubus calycis 0e5 mm. altus lobis interioribus 1 x 2 m. apice rotundatis, exterioribus paulo brevioribus acutis vix ele= vatis. Petala 383.5 x 3.2=3.5 mm. orbicularia. Filamenta 4 mm longa; antherae 1 mm longae oblongae prorsus rimosae 4-loculare es loculis semi=superpositis connectivo sub loculis antice 0.5 mm. producto bilobulato postice hebeti=unilobulato lobulo 0.5 x 0.8 mm. Stylus 3=3.5 x 064 mme3 stigma capitellatum 0.8 m. latum. Ovarium 3-loculare apice late conicum,. Holotype: Je Cuatrecasas 23324 (NY; isotype CNHM 1300537 F), collected in "Cordillera Central, vertiente occidental; Hoya del rio Otun, arriba de Penas Blancas," Dept. Caldas, Colombia, elev, 3000 m., 27 Nov. 1946. "Frutex ramoso divaricado bejucoso. Hoja verde brillante haz. Caliz verde claro. Petalos blancos. Fruto rojizo 7 mm." M, andina has thicker leaves, larger 4=merous flowers, and anthers only slightly rimose. M. hymenanthera has crisped=his~ pidulous branches which are less acutely 4=angled, sparsely strigulose or hispidulous leaves, and a "clavate" style. The 1955 Wurdack, Certamen Melastomataceis 13) anthers of M. superposita correspond closest to the description of those of M, hymenanthera, The anther loculi of M, super= posita appear partially superposed, the dorsal loculus of each theca overlapping but distal to the ventral one, Recently, through the courtesy of Dr. Lasser, I was able to examine the spocimens, collected in Venezuela and deposited in the Caracas Herbarium, upon which Pittier based some validly vublished species and some nomina nuda; the latter were pub= lished in the Catalogo de la Flora Venezolana II (1947). MACAIREA SESSILIFOCLIA Pittier, a nomen nudum based upon Cardona 435 and Cardona 779, is Graffenreida sessilifolia Tr. TIBOUCHINA CATHERINAE Pittier is a robust relative of T, striphnocalyx (DC.) Gleas. The differences are all quantitative end ‘very different aspects to the two species. The Sipapo species may be distinguished by its much larger floral bracts and flowers, with denser hypanthial pubescence; the leaves also tend to be relatively larger and broader, with lengthAvidth ratio usually 383.5 rather than 2.2-2.8. T. catherinae is ree presented, apart from the type collections, by Maguire & Politi 27600, 27820, 28263, 28463, and 28694, all from Cerro Sipapo. TIBOUCHINA BRACHYANTHERA Pittier is T. aspera Aubl, var, asperrima Cogn. The pubescence of Jahn 755 is somewhat less spreading and dense than in typical var. asperrima, thus tend- ing slightly toward var. aspera. The flower dissected by Pittier and all visible open flowers on the holotype have the anther tips destroyed by insects, which may have misled Pittier to his specific epithet. Examination of a bud showed normal attenuate anther tips; the anther size and the calyx, bract, and petal characters all are well within the species variability. COMOLIA ANOMALA Pittier is Aoisanthera punctatissima (DC.) Triana. MICONIA SETIMARGINATA Pittier is Tococa oligantha Gleason, a variable species widespread in the Pacaraima cumbres of Terr. Am&ZONAS » CLIDEMTA STELLULATA Pittier, a nomen nudum based on Williams 15400, is Miconia campestris (Benth.) Triana. In the descrip= tion of Miconia heterotricha Wurdack, the relation with Heterotrichum of the small species group including this species ‘and M. campestris was discussed. The relation of these Miconias with Clidemia umbonata DC. should also be noted, Ge= neric adjustment of these various species is postponed until the various species of Clidemia can be studied further, NOTES ON NEW AND NOTEWORTHY PLANTS. XIX Harold N. Moldenke CASSELIA CONFERTIFLORA (Moldenke) Moldenke, comb. nov. Timotocia confertiflora Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 39: 148— 149. 1936. CASSELIA CONFERTIFLORA var. LACINIATA (Moldenke) Moldenke, comb. nov. Timotocia confertiflora var. laciniata Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 39: 19. 1936. CASSELIA GLAZIOVII (Briq. & Moldenke) Moldenke, comb. nov. Timotocia glaziovii Briq. & Moldenke ex Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 39: 1)5--146. 1936. CASSELIA INTEGRIFOLIA var. FISCHERI (Mart.) Moldenke, comb. nov. Duranta fischeri Mart., Flora 21, Beibl. 2: 60. 1838. CASSELIA ZELOTA (Moldenke) Moldenke, comb. nov. Timotocia zelota Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. 39: 133-13. 1936. KALAHARIA UNCINATA (Schinz) Moldenke, comb. nov. Clerodendron uncinatum Schinz, Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 31: 206. 1890. KALAHARTA UNCINATA var. HIRSUTA (Moldenke) Moldenke, comb. nov. Kalaharia spinescens var. hirsuta Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 418. 1951. LANTANA CAMARA var. ALBA Moldenke, var. nov. Haec varietas a forma typica speciei recedit caulibus inermi- bus et floribus albis. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its stems unarmed and the corollas white in bud, opening with the tubes yellow and the lobes white, in age completely white, the inner (younger) flowers usually with yellow tubes while the outer (older) ones are already completely white. The type of the variety was collected by V. M. Sahni from cultivated material in the B. W. R. Nursery at Kharacpur, West Bengal, India, and is deposited in the H. N. Moldenke Herbarium av Yonkers, New York. x VERBENA ADULTERINA Moldenke, nom. nov. Verbena halei x officinalis Dermen, Cytologia 7: 170. 1936. x VERBENA CORRUPTA Moldenke, nom. nov. Glandularia peruviana x phlogiphlora Schnack & Covas, Darwin- 132 1955 Moldenke, New and Noteworthy Plants 133 liana ae 135 7h, & 75, pl. 3 195. x VERBENA DISSOLUTA Moldenke, nom. nov. Glandularia laciniata x phlogiphlora Schnack & Covas, Darwin- iana 7: 73 & 75. 195. x VERBENA FABRICATA Moldenke, nom. nov. Verbena hispida x urticifolia Dermen, Cytologia 7: 170. 1936. x VERBENA INHONESTA Moldenke, nom. nov. Verbena urticifolia x lasiostachys Dermen, Cytologia 7: 170. 1936. x VERBENA MERETRIX Moldenke, nom. nov. Verbena hispida x officinalis Dermen, Cytologia 7: 170. 1936. x VERBENA NEQUAM Moldenke, nom. nov. Glandularia laciniata x dissecta Schnack & Covas, Darwiniana 7: 73s 1945. x VERBENA NOTHA Moldenke, nom. nov. Verbena halei x neomexicana Dermen, Cytologia 7: 170. 1936. x VERBENA PROSTIBULA Moldenke, nom. nov. Verbena hispida x simplex Dermen, Cytologia 7: 170. 1936. VERBENA RIGIDA var. LILACINA (Benary & Bodger) Moldenke, comb. nov. Verbena venosa lilacina Benary & Bodger ex Harrow, Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. 61: Ol. 1935. x VERBENA SCORTA Moldenke, nom. nov. Verbena halei x lasiostachys Dermen, Cytologia 7: 170. 1936. x VERBENA TORPA Moldenke, nom. nov. Verbena urticifolia x neomexicana Dermen, Cytologia 7: 170. 1936. x VERBENA TRANSITORIA Moldenke, nom. nov. Glandularia laciniata x megapotamica Covas & Schnack, Rev. Argent. Agron. 12: 22). 195. x VERBENA VAGA Moldenke, nom. nov. Glandularia santiaguensis x megapotamica Covas & Schnack, Rev. Argent. Agron. 12: 228. 195. - x VERONICENA Moldenke, gen. hybr. nov. Genus hybridus naturalis vel artificialis characteriis Veron- ica L. et Verbena L. intermediis sicut per Haartmanum Pl. Hybr. 7--8 (1751) descripsit. 13h PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. x VERONICENA HAARTMANI Moldenke, nom. nov. xVeronica hybrida Haartm., Pl. Hybrid. 7--3. 1751 (not V. hybrida L., 1753); xVeronica spuria Haartm., Amoen. Acad. 3: 35, pl. 2. 1756 (not V. spuria L., 1753). PREMNA CYCLOPHYLLA Miq. The type of this species is an unnumbered collection of © Horsfield from Java (Patjitan) according to Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 899. 1858. The drawing on the next page of these notes is made from sheet no. ),989); in the Utrecht herbarium. The collector and locality of collection are not indicated on this sheet, but I suspect that it is actually the type specimen. PREMNA INVOLUCRATA Moldenke The drawing of this species on the following pages was made from the type specimen, Pierre 1216, sheet no. 22939 in the Buitenzorg herbarium. PREMNA MOLUCCANA Moldenke The drawing of this species on the following pages was made from the actual type specimen, Main & Eden 883, sheet no. 72878 in the Buitenzorg herbarium. Fy eri PREMNA NOVOGUINEENSIS Moldenke The drawing of this species on the following pages was made from the actual type specimen, Docters van Leeuwen 10575, sheet no. 72679 in‘the Buitenzorg herbarium. _ ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THE GENUS TECTONA. II Harold N. Moldenke TECTONA GRANDIS L. f. Literature: Decaisne, Nouv. Ann. Mus. Nat. Paris 3: 02. 183); de Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 901. 1858; Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 508. 1891 . Mendoza, on the label of the collection cited below, states that the species is both "planted and naturalized" on Luzon. Additional citations: INDIA: United Provinces: Poovaiah s.n. 23647, Bz--23648, P, V, V); Nano s.n. [Philip. Forest. Bur, 27180] (Oa); Quisumbing 7989 (Mi). Java: Backer s.n. [Apr. 1903] (Bz--23527, Bz--23520, Bz-—23529, Bz--23530, Bz--23531, Bz-- 23532, Bz--23533); Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr. 1919 (Bz--23512); ~ Gens tober css Rei ote th eee Ot . oe) oe 1955 Moldenke, New and Noteworthy Plants 135 Premna involucrata PH Yel OL. 0O1G Ts, 136 1955 Moldenke, New and Noteworthy Plants 137 138 POH TY T/O4L'O Give Vol. 5, no. €\Y aN © a <4 of = ; /f Y, i : Pe. 7 ‘@ 7h se ioe, 1925 Mol- denke, Alph. List Invalid Names 3 & ae 192: Moldenke, Phytolo- gia 2: 114. 1944; A. P. Benthall, Trees of tet Set 351--352. 1946; Moldenke, Aloh. List Invalid Names ia 1: 21. 197; Mol- denke, Known Geogr. Distrib, Verbenac., ed. 2, 129, 139, 10, 163, % 196. 199. Illustrations: Wall., Pl. As. Rar. 3: pl. 29). 1832; A. P. Benthall, Trees of Calcutta 352. 196. Synonymy : Tectona ternifolia Buch.-Ham. ex Wall, Pl. As. Rar. 3: 68, in syn. 1832. Theka ternifolia Hamilt., Trans. Linn. Soc. 17: 135--136. 1337. Tectonia hamiltoniana vjall. ex Walp., Repert. h: 99. 1846. Tectona ternifolia Ham. ex Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. , (3a): 167. 1895. Tectona hamiltoniana L. f. 1955 Moldenke, Additional Notes on Tectona 1y1 ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 21, in syn. 197. Common names recorded for the species include "Burmaholz", "Burma-wood", "dwarf teak", "ta-hat", and "ta-nap". Bojer records the species as cultivated in the Royal Botanic Gardens at Pamplemousse, lMauritius, and states that it is native to eastern India and Burma, The wood is light-brown, hard, and close-grained, weighing about 6) pounds per cubic foot, much harder and heavier than ordinary teak. It is a good wood and, according to Gamble, "likely to be useful", Benthall says of the tree "when not in flower, it has little to recommend it, but its large clusters of flowers are pretty in a quiet way, and it is certainly worth growing as an avenue tree. The leaves fall at the end of the cold season and are replaced in March. The flowers begin to open as the new leaves appear and continue during April and into May." Citations: BURMA: Upper Burma: Dejakaisaga 19 (N, N); W. Grif- fith 6016 (S); Herb. Burma Forest School 10 (S); Meebold 7953 (S); Seaton s.n. [Prome] (Bz—-23695); Shaik Mokim 7 [Colonial Herb. 21592] (Na). CULTIVATED: India: Gamble 59i7 (K); Herb. Bo- goriense 2369), (Bz); S. Kurz s.n. [cult. in Horto Botanico Cal- cuttensi] (Bz--23697, Bz--23698, N), s.n. [H. B. C.] (Bz--23696). TECTONA PHILIPPINENSIS. Benth. Literature: Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 629. 187; Miq., Fl. Ind, Bat. 2: 902. 1858; Benth. in Benth. & Hook. f., Gen. Pl. 2: 1152. 1876; F.-Vill., Novis App. 158. 1880; Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philip. 134. 1885; Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. 209. 1886; Brig. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. (3a): 167. 1895; Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 100. 1895; E. D. Merr., Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 5: 227-228. 1910; E. D. Merr., Sp. Blanc. 330. 1918; ll. J. Lam, Verbenac, Malay. Arch. 91, 97, & 368. 1919; E. D. Merr., Enun, Phil, Pl. 3: 389. 1923; Lam & Bakh., Bull. Jard.-Dot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 28. 1921; Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 155. 1935; loldenke, Knowm Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. [ed. 1], 62 & 100. 192; Molden- ke, Alph, List Invalid Names 23 & 43. 192; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 114. 1944; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 2, 12 & 196. 199. Synonymy: Diospyros tectona Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 2, 609, nom. nud. 1845. Tectona philippinensis Benth. & Hook. f. ex Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 100. 1895. Tectona philippinensis Merr. ex H. J. Lam, Verbenac. Malay. Arch. 9. 1919. Tectona hamiltoniana Schau. ex E. D. Merr., Enum. Phil. Pl. 3: 389, in syn. 1923. Common names for this species are "bunglas", "daladon", "malapangit", and "malapaflgit". The binomial is often accredited to lherrill, who actually first validated it by publishing a description with it in 1910. In this reference, however, Nerrill plainly states that the bi- nomial is taken from Bentham's work of 1876, so I feel that it should continue to be accredited to Bentham. Merrill states that the Philippine specimens cited by Schauer, Miquel, and Fernandez- 12 Pali: Ge'?-O shy OcG tok Vol. 5, no. Villar under T. hamiltoniana are actually T. philippinensis. He cites, in addition, Cuming 132 (type), Medina s.n, [Philip. Forest. Bur. 25065], Curran & Merritt s.n, [Philip. Forest. Bur. 6]. Pies species is said to grow in rather open brushland, thickets and secondary forests at low altitudes. Citations: PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Luzon: E. D. Merrill Sp. Blanc. 503 (Ba--23734, Ez--23735, N). ~ a MATERIALS TOWARD A MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS VITEX. I Harold N. Noldenke VITEX ‘Tourn,: éx’L.., Spy. Pl., eds-1, 635. 1753; Gena »Plojsedaee 285. 175). Literature: Bock, De Stirp. 1075. 1552; Tourn., Instit. Rei Herb. 603. 1719; L., Syst., ed. 1. 1735; Blackwell, Herb. Blackw. pl. 199. 1757: Le, Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 2: 635 & 638. 17534 Len Gene Pl., ed. 5, 285. 1753; Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 12:& 200. 27638 Le, Gen. Pl., ed. 6. 1764; Weston, Botan. Univers. 1: 311. 1770; Vand., Fl. Iusit. 42—l3, pl. 3, fig. 21. 1788; Gaertn., De Fruct. & Sem. 1: pl. 56. 1788; A. L. duss., Gen. Pl. 107 & 119-—— 123. 1789; Neck., Elem. Bot. 1: 328--358. 1790; Cothen, Disp. Veg. 8. 1790; Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 8. 1790; Vahl, Eclog. Amer. 2: pl. 18..1791; Schkuhr, Bot. Handb. 1791--1803; Nemnich, Allgem. Polyglott. Lex. Naturgas. 1793--1795; Vent., Tabl. Reg. Veg. 2: 219. 1794; Roem., Script. Hisp. 126, pl. 7, fig. 21. 1796; Bot. Mag. 11: pl. 36h. 1797; Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 3: pl. Sijl. 1797% Ae Rich. in Marthe, Cat. Pl. Jard. réd. Paris 67. 1801; ‘irbel, Hist. Nat. Pl., ed. 3, 15: 206. 1805; Thou., Gen. Nov. Badass ge 1806; Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 173. 1806; A. L. Juss., Ann. Hus. Hist. Nat. Paris 7: 70 & 77. 1806; Lam. & DC., Fl. Frang. 3: 502. 1815; G. F. W. Mey., Prim. Fl. Esseq. 219. 1818; Bot. Mag. 7: pl. 2187. 1820; Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 317. 1821; Reichenb. in MUssier, Handb. Gewichsk., ed. 1, 1l:xxxvi. 1827; Schumacher, Beskriv. Guin, ©. 1627s Duby in P. ie., Bot. .Gall..1¢.375..1828% Reichenb., Conspect. Reg. Veg. 1: 117. 1828; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. 7: pl. 609. 1830; Wall., Pl. As. Rar. pl. 226. 1832; Reichenb. in litssler, Ilandb. Gewchsk., ed. 3, 1: lxxv. 1833; Manso, Enum. Subst. Braz. 36. 1836; Endl., Gen. Pl. 635. 1836— 180; A. Cunn., Am, Nat. Hist., ser. 1, 1: 61. 1838; A. DC., Pibl. Univ. Genév. 17: 132. 1838; Hook. & Arn., Bot. Beech, Voy. pl. :7 & 43. 181; Hook., Icon. Pl. 5: pl. [19] 20. 182; Wight, Icon. 2: pl. 519. 1843; Walp., Repert. : 91. 18h; Benth. Dot. Voy. Sulphur 10. 18h; Bertol., Fl. Ital. 6: 455--57. 16h; Gussone, Fl. Sic. Syn. 2: 1 & 110. 18h; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 218 % 682--633. 1817; Walp., Annal. 1: 545. 138--18)9; Hook., Niger Fl. 87. 18/9; Wight, Icon. (1): 1)65--1L67. 189; © 1955 foldenke, Monograph of Vitex 143 A. Rich in Sagra, Hist. Fis. Cuba 2 (2): pl. 64. 1850; Schau. in Mart., Fl. Bras. 9: 16), & 29--295. 1851; Walp., Annal. 3: 20. 1852; Seem., Bot. Herald 329 & 355, pl. 71. 1856; Benth., Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. 1: 53. 1857; Reichenb., Icon. Fl. Germ. 18: pl. 1293. 1857; Seem., Bot. Herald 370 & 05. 1857; Tornabene, Fl. Foss. Etna 122--126, pl. 3, fig. A'. 1859; Tornabene, Atti Accad. Gioensa6ci.-Nat., ser. 2,.16¢,118.& 122; pl. 3, fig. A. 1860; Walp., Annal. 5: 712. 1860; Bocq., Rév. Groupe Verbénac. 21--22 & 15h, pl. . 1861--1863; Seem., Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 23: 9. 1862; Turez., Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 36 (2): 223--22). 1863; Seen., Fl. Vit. 189, pl. 45. 1866; Kotschy & Peyr., Pl. Timn. pl. ae 1867; Hereman in Paxt., Bot, Dict., new ed. 1868; Ettingsh., Denkschr. Akad. Wien 28: 219, pl. 37, fig. h. 1868; Benth., Fl. Austral. 5:58 & 66. 1870; Carr., Rev. Hort. 2: fis. 1871; Van Hall, Kruidt. Rijks Hoog. Burgersch. 1871; Moggr., Contrib. Fl. Menteupl, i. 1071; Bedd., Fl. Sylv. pl. 252.1872; Oliv., Trans: Linn. Soc. Lond. 29: 132, pl. 130--131. 1875; Tichler, Blttten- diag. 1: 229. 1875; Ulrich, Internat. Wtrterb. Pflanzen Namen. 1875; Engelhardt, Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol. Akad. 38: 362, pl. 18, fig. 15. 1876; Benth. in Benth. & Hook. f., Gen. Pl. 2 (2): 115). 1876; J. G. Baker, Fl. Maurit. 255. 1877; Pickering, Chronolog. Hist. Pl. 1879; Vatke, Linnaea )3: 507. 1882; Engl., Versuch. Entwickl. Pflanzenw., 2: 278--288. 1882; Pritzel & Jessen, Deutsch, VYolksn, Pfl, 1882; J. G. Baker, Journ. Linn, Soc. Lond. 20: 159. 1883; W. Mill., Dict. Eng. Names Pl. 188); Solereder, ther Systemat. Wert Holzstruct. Dikot. 203. 1885; Vesque, Ann. Sci. Wat., sér. 7, 1: 183 & 335. 1885; Leunis-Frank, Synopsis Pflan- zenkunde. 1885; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. \: 583. 1885; J. G. Baker, Journ. Linn. gpc. Lond. 21: 07. 18863; Baill., Deer. Bob.2: 677. 1886; Baill ,, "Bull. Soc. .Linn., Paris «1+: 686. 1887; Cent, Internat. Exhib. Melbourne Cat. Woods. 1888; J. G. Baker, Journ. Linn, Soc. Lond. 25: 29h. 1890; Baill., Ilist. Pl. 11: 116. 1892; Baill., Dict. Bot. 4: 68 & 263. 1892; Bergen, Pop. Amer, Plant Names. 1893; Scott-Elliot, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. 29: 1. 1893; Watt, Dict. Econom. Prod. India 6 (4): 200. 1893; Glrke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 165. 1893; Hook., Icon. Pl., ser. Batol. bh. 189k; Engl., Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr., part C. 1895; Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ) (3a): 132, 170, & 178. 1895; Encycl. Nederl. Ind. 1895--1905; Diels in Engl., Rot. Jahrb, 2h: 568--6)7. 1898; DeWild. & Th. Dur., Mat. Fl. Congo. 1899; Solereder, Systemat. Anatomie Dikot. 711. 1899; DelJild. & Th. Dur., Annal. ius. Congo Bot., ser. 2. 15399--1900; Gtirke in ingl,, ‘Bot. Jahrb. 28: 291. 1900; Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw, h: 827. 1900; Baker & Stapf in Thistelt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 273- 320. 1900; HH. H. W. Pearson in Thisclt.-Dycr, Fl. Cap. 5 (1): 180 & 211-~212. 1901; I'. Bailey, Queensl. Fl. lk: 116--1185. 1901; Devild. & Th. Dur., Annal. ltus. Congo Bot., ser. 3. 1901; Hook. Teon, Pl., vol. 8. 1901; DeWild., Annal. Mus. Congo Bot., ser. i 1902--1903; Gilg in Engl., iionog. Afr. Pflanzen-Fam., vol. 7. 1903; Malet, Etude Bot. & Chim. Vitex 37--38. 1903; Baum in War- burg, Kumene=-Sambesi Exped. 1903; Deivild., Annal. Mus. Congo Bot, ser. 5, vol. 1. 1903--1906; Gttrke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 33: 292. Why PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 1903; Koord., Ann, Jard, Bot. Buitenz., ser. 2, 4: 19--32. 190h; Gibbs, Journ, Linn. Soc. Lond. 37: 25. 1906; Durand, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 1° 49. 1906; Sim, Forests & For. Fl. Col. Cape. 1907; DeWild., Annal. Mus. Congo Bot., ser. 5, vol. 2. 1907--1908; Solereder, Systemat. Anatomie Dikot. Ergtnz. 254. 1908; Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. 3: 307. 1908; Th. Dur., Syll. Fl. Congol. 1909; Sim, For. Fl. & For. Res. Port. East Afr. 1909; Burret, Verwandsch. & Verbr. Afrik. Grewia 5 & 39. 1910; DeWWild., Compag. Kasai. 1910; Engl., Pflanzenw. Afrikas 1: 981 & 1005--1006. 1910; Gerth van Wijk, Dict. Pl. Names 1)19--1),20. 1911; DelWild., Plant. Thonn, Congol., sér. 2. 1911; S. Moore, Journ, Linn. Soc. Lond. 0: 165. 1911; DeWild., Annal. Mus. Congo Bot., sér. 5, vol. 3. 1911--1912; Robert, Recherch. Appen. Pilif. Fam. Verb. 8. 1912; R. E. Fries, Ergebn. Schwec. Rhodesia-Kongo- Exped., wol. 1. 1912; M. Chevalier, Etudes Fl. Afr. Cent. 1913; Rendle, Baker, Moore, et al., Cat. Pl. Coll. Talbot. 1913; Mildbr. Wiss. Ergebn. Deutsch. Zent.-Afr.-Exped. 1903/1908, vol. 2. 191); Brig. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. ): 266--267. 1915; DeWild. in Fedde, Repert. 13: 137. 1915; H. J. Lam, Verben- ac. Malay. Arch. 8, 98--100, 162--21), & 369--371. 1919; UM. Chev- alier, Explor, Bot. Afr. Occ. Frang. 1920; Deilild., Contrib. Etude Fl. Katanga. 1921; Hutchinson, Kew Bull. 353--l:07. 1921; H. J. Lam, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 1—120. 1921; Deild., Pl. Bequaert., vol. 1. 1921--1922; H. J. Lam, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 5: 175. 1922; Irmscher, hjtteil. Instit. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 5: 17--235. 1922; Mildbr., Wiss. Ergebn. Deutsch. Zent.-Afr.-Exped. 1910/1911, 2: 80. 1922; Pilger, Biblioth. Bot., vol. 90. 1922; Perrot & Hubert, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 69: 71. 1922; Wheeler, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 45: bbb & 585. 1922; E. D. Merr., Enum, Philip. Pl. 3: 39). 1923; P. Dop, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 70: 37 & 829. 1923; E. D. Merr., Philip. Journ, Sci. Bot. 23: 26) & 397. 1923; Mildbr., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 78: 57). 1923; Danguy, Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. 30: 508. 192); Urb. in Fedde, Repert. 20: 338 & 3h6. 192k; Record & Mell, Timbers Trop. Amer. 525--527. 192); Galpin, Bot. Surv. S. Afr. Mem. 7: 23 & 25, fig. 50. 192); Engl., Pflanzenw. Afrikas 5 (1): 139. 1925; Standl., Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 27: 27. 1927; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11: 2--89. 1928; De Wild., Plant. Bequaert. 1: 5--7. 1929; DeWild., Ann. Soc. Scient. Brux. 9: 6h. 1929; Seymour, Host Ind. Fungi N. Amer. 588--589. 1929; Seckt, Rev. Univ. Nac. Cordoba 17: 86, 1930; Eig, Zohary, @: Feinbrunn, Pl. Palestine 26. 1931; DeWild., Plant. Bequaert. S: 5--7. 1932; Grey & Hubbard, List Pl. Grow. Bot. Gard. Atkins Inst. 1933; Junell, Symb. Bot. Upsal. : 93--9h, 132, 199--200, & 205. 1934; Le Cointe, A Amaz. Brasil. III Arv. e Plant. Uteis 269. 1934; Hu, Bull. Chinese Bot. Soc. 1 (2): 95. 1935; E. De Merr., Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 78: 11, 1937; Martyn, Ind. Phan. Jenman Herb. 66, mss. 1937; F. C. Hoehne, Plant. Subst. Tox. red, 29--250. 1939; toldenke, Alph. List Common Names 1--31, 33, & 3h. 1939; lioldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 2--l\, 6--12, lh 16, 13--22, 2h, 26--29, 0, & 1. 1939; Moldenke, Lilloa ): 323. 1939; lioldenke in Pulle, Fl. Suriname f (2): 304—-312. 190; 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 145 Moldenke, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 522: 207--210. 190; Molden- ‘ ke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names }, 1), 15, 26, 30, 32, 33, 36, 39, 49--52, & 54. 1940; Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names 10--12. 191; Moldenke in Lundell, Fl. Texas 3 (1): 80--83. 192; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names },, 11--13, 21, 22, 2h, 27, 29, 33, 3h, 36, 39, 43, lb, & 51-58. 1942; Bol. Mus. Hist. Nat. Javier Prado 7: 2. 1943; Wisler, Swarthmore Pl. Notes, ed. 2, 1: 217. 1943; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 117--123. 19; Menninger, Descrip. Cat. Flow. Trop. Trees 3. 194; Putz, N. Y. Herald Trib. Oct. 13, 1946, p. 13. 196; Dugand, Caldasia : 23). 196; Stellfeld, Trib. Farmaceut. 13: 56. 196; Reko, Bol. Soc. Bot. Mex. h: 35. 1946; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 1, 11, 18, 22, 28, & 29.1917; Falc&o, Guia dos Visitantes Jard. Bot. Rio de Jan. 2. 1947; E. H. Walker, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 30 (1): 02. 1947; Fosberg, Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. )8: 13). 1947; Van Rensselaer, Trees Santa Barbara, rev. ed., 191. 19,8; Perrier de la B&thie, Not. System. 13: 290--291. 198; Fos- berg in Zimmerman, Insects Hawaii 1: 11). 198; Moldenke, Wright- ial: 2)5--26. 1948; Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 58). 199; Den Berger, Determinat. Houts. Mal. Fam. 73. 199; Moldenke, Anal. Inst. Biol. Mex. 29: 1j--15. 199; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 2, 6-11, 18, 19, 21, 25, 33, 3h, 36, 37, hi, hs, h7--58, 62, 65, 67--70, 7h, 91, 95, 98--100, 107--125, 128--130, 132--135, 137--1h0, 142--152, 15h, 155, 165, 166, & 200--203. 1949; Razi, Ecology 31: 28)--285. 1950; Gundersen, Fam. Dicot. 202. 1950; Pardy, Rhod. Agr. Journ. 50: 186. 1953; Moldenke, Journ. Calif. Hort. Soc. 15: 86. 1954; Biol. Abstr. 25: 1062. 1954; Hauman, AETFAT Index. 195). Synonymy: Mailelou Rheede ex Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 12 & 200. 1763. Pistacio Vitex L. ex Adans., op. cit. 200, in syn. 1763. Limia Vand., Fl. Lusit. )2--3, pl. 3, fig. 21. 1788. Nephrandra Willd. in Cothen., Disp. Veg. 8. 1790. Allasia Lour., Fl. Coch- inch. 84. 1790. Tripinna Lour., op. cit. 176. 1790. Chrysomallum Thou., Gen. Nov. Madag. 8. 1806. Tripinnaria Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 173. 1806. Pyrostoma G. F. W. Mey., Prim. Fl. Esseq. 219. 1818. Wallrothia Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 317. 1821. Vitex L. ex Reichenb., Conspect. Reg. Veg. 1: 117. 1828. Ephialis Banks & Soland. ex A. Cunn., Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 1, 1: 161. 1838. Psilogyne A. DC., Bibl. Univ. Genév. 17: 132. 1838. Casarettoa Walp., Repert. l: 91. 18). Macrostegia Nees in A. DC., Prodr, 11: 218. 187. Ephitlis Banks & Soland. ex Seem., Fl. Vit. 189. 1866 [not Ephi- elis Schreb., 1791]. Agnus-castus Tourn. ex Carr., Rev. Hort. 2: 415. 1871. Varengevillea Baill., Hist. Pl. 11: 116, in part [flowers only]. 1592. Cussarettoa Walp. ex Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4 (3a): 170, in syn. 1895. Varangevil- lea Baill. apud Durand, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 1? 49. 1906. Yitex Eig, Zohary, & Feinbrunn, Plants of Palestine 26, sphalm. 1931. Calymega Poit. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 1h, in syn. 190. Virtex Tourn. ex Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names 10, in syn. 191. Viex Fisherex Moldenke, Alph. List Inval- 16 PHYTOLOGdIA Vol. 5, no. id Names Suppl. 1: 28, in syn. 197. Varengavillea Baill. ex Mol- denke, op. cit. 22, in syn. 19l7.Agnus castus Carr. ex Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 58h, in syn. 199. Neoseemannia Boivin, in herb, Pseudobasleria Von Rohr, in herb. Rhamnotiphus Danguy, in herb. Trees or shrubs, very rarely woody vines, varying from glab- rous to tomentose or villous; leaves decussate-opposite or ter- nate, palmately compound, mostly 3--7-foliolate (rarely 1-folio- late), the elaflets chartaceous or membranous (sometimes coriace- ous), mostly petiolulate, entire or dentate, rarely incised or lobed; inflorescence cymose, the cymes short and dense or loosely divaricate, sessile or pedunculate in the leaf-axils or aggregate in terminal racemiform or thyrsoid or laxly diffuse panicles or more rarely contracted into heads, occasionally few- or 1-flower- ed, rarely cauliflorous; flowers perfect, more or less zygomorph- ic; bractlets and prophylla usually very small, mostly linear, sometimes longer than the calyx; calyx campanulate, cyathiforn, or rarely tubular-infundibular, 5-dentate or 5-fid, rarely 3-fid or 6-lobed, the teeth mostly slightly unequal; corolla white, blue, violet, or yellowish, long-tubular, cylindric, or hypocrat-— eriform, zygomorphic, its tube short or rarely elongate, cylin- dric, straight or slightly incurved, equal in diameter throughout or slightly ampliate above, its limb oblique, spreading, more or less bilabiate, the upper lip often bifid, the lower lip trifid, the two posterior lobes exterior and usually shorter, the lateral lobes larger, the anterior lobe largest, entire or emarginate, the upper lip erect, arched, or resupinate; stamens , didynamous, inserted in the corolla-tube, often exserted, the anthers 2- celled, the thecae distinct, subparallel, divergent or arcuate, attached near their apex, dehiscing by longitudinal slits; pistil Single, compound, bicarpellary; style terminal, filiform, shortly bifid at the apex, the branches acute; ovary at first imperfectly 2-celled, during anthesis usually )-celled, the cells l1-ovulate; ovules attached laterally at or above the middle of the cell; fruiting-calyx often accrescent, usually patelliform or very shallowly cupuvliform, rarely subincluding the fruit; fruit drupa- ceous, more or less fleshy, the endocarp hard, often horny, some- times very much incrassate in relation to the cells, 4-celled; seeds obovate or oblong, erect, without endosperm. A genus of about 380 species anc subspecific entities, mostly of the tropics and subtropics of both the Eastern and Western liemispheres; a few also found in the temperate portions of Europe and Asia; widely cultivated anc naturalized elsewhere. A few fos- sil forms are known from Europe and the Cameroons. Type species: V. agnus-castus L. The generic name is derived from the Latin word vieo, meaning "to bind", as with osier twigs, in reference to the flexibility of the shoots of the tyve species. It starts as a generic name in Tournefort's Instit. Rei Herb. 603 (1719), and is used again, ac- credited to Tournefort, by Linnaeus in his Syst., ed. 1 (1735). It was used even earlier, however, by Hieronymus Bock, who appli- sf ——————— + en 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 147 ed it in his De Stirp. 1075 (1552) to what we now call Vitex agnus-castus. Pliny, Dioscorides, and Homer applied the name "Agnos" or its Greek equivalent to this species. Endlicher (1836--18)0) divided the genus into two subgenera: (1) Agnus-castus (Tourn,) Endl. and (2) Limia (Vand.) Endl. The first he characterizes as having cymes terminal and paniculate, while the latter has the cymes axillary, often long-vedunculate, but sometimes contracted and subcapitate. In 18:7 Schauer civided the genus as follows: Section 1. EHuagnus Schau. Subsection I. Paniculatae Schau. Subsection 2. Cymosae Schau. Section 2. Pyrostoma (G. I. W. Mey.) Schau. Section 3. Chrysomallum (Thou.) Schau. In 1895 Briquet modified this classification as follows: Section 1. Agnus-castus (Tourn.) Briq. Subsection 1, Terminales Briq. Subsection 2. Axillares Briq. Subsection 3. Glomerulosae Briq. Section 2. Pyrostoma (G. F. W. Mey.) Schau. Section 3. Chrysomallum (Thou.) Schau. Section ). Glossocalyx (C. B. Clarke) Briq. By far the most important work on the genus, however, was pub- lished in 1928 by Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11: 2 --89. Although he actually monographs only the African members of the genus, he gives a thorough review of the genus as a whole. His classification is as follows: Subgenus 1. Chrysomallum (Thou.) Pieper Section 1. Simplicifoliae Pieper Section 2. Digitatae Pieper Subgenus 2. Euvitex Pieper Section 3. Terminales (Briq.) Pieper Subsection 1. Quinquelobatae Picper Subsection 2. Quadrilobatae Pieper Section ). Axillares (Briq.) Pieper Subsection 3. Paniculatae Schau, Subsection ). Cymosae Schau. Grex 1. Glandulosae Pieper Group 1. Haplotriches Pieper . Group 2. Hutriches Pieper Subgroup 1. Rubiginosae Pieper Subgroup 2. Griseae Pieper Secondary subgroup 1. Parallelae Pieper Secondary subgroup 2. Reticulatae Pieper Grex 2. Pilosae Pieper Group 3. Simplices Pieper Group ),. Elongatae Pieper Group 5. Clavatae Pieper 148 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. Section 5. Glomerulosae (Briq.) Pieper Subgenus 3. Holmskioldiopsis Pieper Subgenus )}. Pyrostoma (G. F. W. Mey.) Pieper Subgenus 5. Glossocalyx C. B. Clarke Extensive notes on the wood anatomy of the genus are given by Record and Mell in their "Timbers of Tropical America", pp. 525-- 527 (192h). The gynoecium morphology is discussed in detail by Junell in Symb. Bot. Upsal. h: 93 (193). Hoehne in his Plant. Subst. Tox. Med. 2h9--250 (1939) gives a review of the economic and medicinal uses of the Brazilian species, kethods of propaga- tion by hardwood cuttings are described by Putz in the "New York Herald Tribune" for October 13, 196, page 13, with line-drawing illustrations. While these are intended to be applicable to spe- cies in common cultivation in the northeastern United States, they probably would serve as well for most species of the genus. Razi in Ecology 31: 284--285 (1950) describes the seed dissemina- tion of members of this genus as endozoic, which is to be expect— ed in view of their highly colored fleshy fruits. The fungi Ophiobolus barbatus Pat. & Gaill. and Uredo viticis Juel., attack some members of the genus according to Seymour, Host Ind. Fungi N. Am. 588--589 (1929). According to Westcott's "Plant Disease Handbook", page 660 (1950), "leaf-spot" disease on mem- bers of this genus is caused by Cercospora viticis Ellis & Ev. and "root-rot" by Phymatotrichum omnivorum (Shear) Duggar in the southern United States. Various writers who have worked only incidentally on the genus have given very erroneous figures as to its size. Baker, for in- stance, in his Fl. Maurit. 255 (1877) says that the genus con- tains but 50 species; Bentham in Benth. & Hook. f., Gen. Pl. 2 (2): 115) (1876) raises this to 60 species; Briquet in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. (3a): 170 (1895) gives the same fig- ure, and so does Wisler in Swarthmore Pl. Notes 1: 217 (193); Benthall in his "Trees of Calcutta", pages 35)\--355 (1933) says it has about 70 species. Baker & Stapf in Thiselton-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 315 (1900) give 100 as the number of species in the genus, while Pearson in Thiselton-Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: 211 (1901) says it contains about 120 species. Actually, the present count is 380 valid specific and subspecific entities. The generic name is sometimes inaccurately accredited to Lin- naeus, as, for instance, by Wisler in the reference cited above, where he dates it "1737". The genus is placed in the Labiatae [=Lamiaceae], section Verbeneae, by H. G. L. Reichenbach in lMtssler, Handb. Gewéchsk., ed. 1, l:x«cxvi (1827) and ed. 3, 1:lxxv (1833); also by him in his Conspect. Reg. Veg. 1: 117 (18238)..He accredits the name to Linnaeus, He regards iallrothia Roth, Pyrostoma G. F. W. Mey., and Chrysomallum Thou. as valid genera. Bentham, in Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. 1: 53 (1857), states that Vitex and Teucrium form a connecting link between the Verbenaceae and Lamiaceae,. Junell in Symb. Bot. Upsal. 4: 93--9, 132, 199--200, & 205 (193k) also 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 149 places this genus, along with numerous other related genera, in the Lamiaceae. Rehder in his Bibl. Cult. Trees 58 (1949) refers, perhaps more accurately, to Vitex agnus-castus as the "lectotype" of the genus. The Allazia jobini of Manso, Enum. Subst. Braz. 36 (1836) — inaccurately listed as "Allasia jobini" in the Index Kewensis -- seems undoubtedly to be a member of the genus Vitex, but its ex- act identity has not yet been determined. The original descrip- tion merely states "A. foliis digitatis integerrimis fructibus acutis quinque angulatis" and gives the common name "jaracatia", The Index Kewensis credits it to Brazil with a question. The Allasia of Loureiro, on the other hand, is certainly Vitex payos (Lour.) Merr., native to Africa. The Brazilian specimens used by Vandelli in making up his Florae Lusitanicae et Brasiliensis (1788) are apparently not pre- served anywhere in Portugal. A search for them by botanists of the British Museum through visits to Portuguese herbaria and by correspondence with Portuguese museums has proved fruitless. It is said that Napoleon Bonaparte removed the specimens from Portu- gal and took them to France, They may possibly be in Paris; if not, they are probably lost, like Velloso's. The genus Varengevillea of Baillon -- named by him in honor of the town of Varengeville-sur-mer, France -- is based on Seemann's Colea hispidissima, which, in turn, has an unnumbered Boivin col- lection from Madagascar as type. This is actually a mixture of Vitex congesta Oliv. flowers and Rhodocolea racemosa var. hum- blotiana (H. Bn.) Perrier leaves, as has been pointed out, in part, by Perrier in Not. System. 13: 290--291 (1918). A species of this genus called "m changwela" is said to be used in the treatment of uterine troubles in Africa. The "Vitex sp." described and illustrated by E, E. Galpin in his Bot. Surv, S. Afr. Mem. 7: 23 & 25, fig. 50 (192) is V. wilmsii var, re- flexa (H. H. W.. Pearson) Pieper. The identity of the Herb. Hort. Bot. Bogor. X.D.8), represented by five specimens in the Buiten- zorg Herbarium (including sheets no. 25768 and 25769), however, has not yet been determined, Common names recorded for the genus as a whole or for uniden- tified species in the genus include the following: "agneau- chaste". (recorded by Necker, Elem. Bot. 1: 328--358. 1790), "bois de la morue", "bois de savanne franc", "chaste tree", "chaste-tree", "chaste-trees", "gatilier", "gatillier", "gattil- ier" (used by A. L. Juss., Gen. Pl. 119--123. 1789), "hemptree", "kabel jauwhout", "Kenschbaum", "Keuschbaum", "Keuschlamn", "kuischboom", "Maria preta", "maria-preta" (recorded by Le Cointe, A Amaz. Bras, III Arv. 269. 193), "m changwela", 'm chaukel", "Monchspfeffer", "monks-—pepper-tree", "Mttlle", "mullen! Mytlent” (used by Willdenow), image ‘tree, Nrenu-kabi 3", "samaw him", "sham—baloo kabij", ntaruma", "tarumé", "tsubru", "tukm-i-. panjangusht", "turuma", Nturumar", "um chwaukela", "um kumbru", "umru kwe", "um tentera" (in Rhodesia), "vitex", and "vitice", 150 PHY TQLOGDA Vol. 5, no. French vernacular names are listed in Mirbel, Hist. Nat. Pl., ed. 3, 15: 206 (1805). A. Dugand in Caldasia ): 23 (196) states that the common name "aceituno", usual in northern South America for members of this genus, is also applied to Godmania aesculi- folia (H.B.K.) Standl., of the Bignoniaceae, because of its sup- -erficial resemblance to a Vitex. Personal examination of the Linnean Herbarium in London has revealed the presence of ten specimens there filed under genus "790. Vitex". These, in order, are as follows: "1, ovata"-- a single specimen, the name written in the hand- writing of Smith; inscribed also "H B" [=Herb. Banks]. It is what we now know as Vitex trifolia var. simplicifolia Cham, ; "2, altissima" -- a single specimen, the name written in the handwriting of the younger Linnaeus; with a ticket inscribed "Vitex altissima, Foliis ternatis intogsrrimis. Pedunculis suba- latis. Paniculis dichotomis maximis. Baccis trispermi. Mail. Elou. Hort. Malab. P. V. Pag. 1, tab. 1. Habitat in vastis sylvis Zeylonae. Ktnig 77"; this is in the handwriting of the younger Linnaeus, according to B. D. Jackson. The leaves are very pubes= cent beneath, are 3-foliolate, and have the petioles only slight- ly winged. It is what we now know as Vitex altissima L. f., and may be regarded as the type specimen of tnat species. "3." -- a single unnamed specimen inscribed "Vitex ? Flores non observi" and "Ktnig 77" -- the ticket and note both inthe handwriting of the younger Linnaeus, according to Jackson, The leaves are 3~foliolate, glabrous beneath, with the petiole widely winged from top to bottom. It is what we now call Vitex altissima var, alata (Willd.) Moldenke. eae "),, Agnus" -- a single specimen inscribed "Agnus" in the hand- writing of Linnaeus and from the Cliffort Herbarium. It is plain- ly what we now call Vitex agnus-castus L. "5, Leucoxylon" -- a single specimen with a ticket by Ktnig reading "Vitex. Folliis quinatis integerrimis. Baccis monosperm— is, Habitat in vastis sylvis", and a notation "Konig 77" in the handwriting of the younger Linnaeus. The specific name is also in the handwriting of the younger Linnaeus. The specimen is what we now regard as Vitex leucoxylon L. f. and may be regarded as the type specimen of that species. "6, trifolia" -- a single specimen with the notation "cagendi laut". The leaves are 5-foliolate, although the two lowest leaf- lets are very small. The inflorescence-branches are divaricate. It is what we now call Vitex trifolia var. bicolor (Willd.) Mol- denke. "7, trifolia" -- a single specimen with the notations "India" and "13", There is a long description on the reverse side of the shect. The leaves are 3-foliolate and the inflorescence- branches are divaricate. It is what we now regard as Vitex tri- folia L. at "8, Negundo" -- a single specimen. The inflorescence is panic- ulate, its branches very slender. The leaflets are-rather prom inently and regularly toothed. It appears to be what we now call 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 151 Vitex negundo var. intermedia (P'ei) Moldenke. "9," -- a single unnamed specimen, with "incisa Lamarck" in- scribed in the handwriting of Smith. The laciniations are not very deep, but the specimen is plainly what we now call Vitex negundo var, heterophylla (Franch.) Rehd. ; "lO. pinnata" -- a single specimen with the notations "Fl, Zeyl. 15" and "India D." [=Dalman]. Smith has struck out the epithet "pinnata" and has written in "minime; nil nisi V. trifoliata J. E. Sm. vera V. pinnata in H. B." [=Banks]. The leaves are 3-foliolate and v very ry white beneath. It is plainly what we now call Vitex trifolia L. [For notes on the true type specimen of Vitex pinnata L., see under that species in follow- ing installments of this monograph. ] Many plants have in the past been identified as species of Vitex which in actuality do not belong in that genus at all. A- mong the binomials proposed in the genus, but really pertaining to species in other genera -- often even in diverse families -- are the following: Vitex aherniana Merr. = Teijsmanniodendron ahernianum (lMerr.) Bakh, Vitex avicennioides A, Rich. = Pseudocarpidium avicennioides (A. Rich.) talisp. Vitex bahiensis Schau. = Arrabidaea bahiensis (Schau.) Sandw. & Moldenke, Bignoniaceae Vitex californica Benth. = Vitis californica Benth., Vitaceae Vitex caribaea Benth. = Vitis californica Benth., Vitaceae Vitex chrysoclada Bojer = = Premna chrysoclada (Bojer) Gtirke Vitex coriacea C. B. Clarke = Te Teijsmanniodendron coriaceum (C. B. Clarke) Kosterm. Vitex curranii H. J. Lam = Teijsmanniodendron ahernianum (Merr.) Bakh, Vitex curtifrutescens Elm. = Trichadenia philippinensis Merr., Flacourtiaceae Vitex domingensis Urb. & Ekm. = Pseudocarpidium domingense (Urb. & Ekm.) Moldenke Vitex erythrocarpa Salzm. = Aegiphila lhotzkiana Cham, Vitex esquirolii Lévl. = Buddleia asiatica Lour., Loganiaceae Vitex euphlebia Merr. = Teijsmanniodendron bogoriense Koord,. Vitex gomphophylla J. G. Baker = Cordia myxa L., Ehretiaceae Vitex ilicifolia A. Rich. = Pseudocarpidium ilicifolium (A. Rieh.) Nillsp. Vitex leichhardtii F. Muell. = Gmelina leichhardtii (F. lMuell.) F. Muell, Vitex lepidota Turcz. = something in the Bignoniaceae Vitex lignum-vitae A. Cunn, = Premna lignum-vitae (A. Cunn.) Pie- er Vitex longifolia Verr. = Teijsmanniocendron bogoriense Koord. Vitex lukafuensis DeWild. = Ricinodendron rautanensis var. luka- fuensis (Deild.) Pieper, Euphorbiaceae 5 et 152 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, mops Vitex macrophylla R. Br. = Gmelina dalrympliana (F. Muell.) H. J. Lam Vitex merrillii H. J. Lam = Teijsmanniodendron bogoriense Koord. Vitex microcalyx J. G. Baker = Holmskioldia microcalyx (J. G. Baker) Pieper Vitex moluccana Blume = Gmelina moluccana (Blume) Backer Vitex mooiensis H. H. W. Pearson = Premna mooiensis (H. H. W. Pearson) Pieper Vitex multidens Urb. = Pseudocarpidium multidens (Urb.) Moldenke Vitex novae-pommeraniae Warb. = Viticipremna novae—pommeraniae (Warb.) H. J. Lam Vitex novo-guineensis Kaneh. & Hatus. = Teijsmanniodendron novo- guineense (Kaneh, & Hatus.) K,sterm. Vitex peralata King = Pek Ghar’ Gdehdtron pteropodum (Miq.) Bakh. Vitex philippinensis Merr. = Teijsmanniodendron pteropodum (Miq.) Bakh. Vitex pinnata Lour. = Aglaia odorata Lour., Meliaceae Vitex premnoides Elm, = Mastixia premnoides (Elm.) H. Hallier, Cornaceae Vitex pteropoda Miq. = Teijsmanniodendron pteropodum (Miq.) Bakh. itex punctata Merr. = Teijsmanniodendron hollrungii (Warb.) Kosterm. Vitex rigens Griseb. = Pseudocarpidium rigens (Griseb.) Britton Vitex sericea Poepp. = Cornutia odorata (Poepp. & Endl.) Poepp. Vitex sexdentata Wall. = Caryopteris grata Benth. Vitex shaferi Britton = Pseudocarpidium wrightii liillsp. Vitex sulfurea J. G. Baker = Premna sulphurea (J. G. Baker) Gtirke Vitex sulphurea J. G. Baker = Premna sulphurea (J. G. Baker) Gtirke Vitex syringaefolia J. G. Baker = Cordia syringaefolia (J. G. Baker) Fieper, Ehretiaceae Vitex taintoriana Lundell = Godmania aesculifolia (H.B.K.) Standl, Bignoniaceae Bit ie ii sh, 4.0 we Vitex tracyana F. Muell. = Clerodendrum tracyanum (F. Muell.) F. Muell. Vitex turczaninowii Merr. = Viticipremna philippinensis (Turcz.) H. J. Lam gee : Vitex vitiensis (Seem.) Seem. = Gmelina vitiensis Seem. Vitex wrightii (Millsp.) Urb. = Pseudocarpidium wrightii Millsp. Specimens in herbaria, identified and filed as "Vitex", have proved upon examination in the course of my monographic studies on this genus over the past 25 years to be Arrabidaea tuberculata P. DC., Cordia spp., Aegiphila gloriosa Moldenke, Tabebuia alba (Cham.) Sandw., Tabebuia aquatilis (E. Ley.) Sprague & Sandw., and Tabebuia ochracea (Cham.) Sandy. The Eastwood s s.n. from Honolulu (Gg -=3)505) is so~ething in the Bignoniaceae; Rusby 243 is probably something in the Sapindaceae; and Killip & Smith 23927 and Steyermark 38656 are certainly not verbenaceous. us. The < 1955 foldenke, Monograph of Vitex 153 following collections have been found by me in herbaria, filed under Vitex and identified as Vitex: Aguilar Hidalgo 279 = Godmania aesculifolia (H.B.K.) Standl., Bignoniaceae Blanchet 2739 = Tabebuia impatiginosa (Mart.) Sandw., Bignonia- ceae Blanchet 2837 = Setilobus simplicifolius (P. DC.) K. Schun., Bignoniaceae W. E. Broadway 2 425 = Tabebuia billbergii (Bur. & K. Schun.) ~ Standl., Bignoniaceae Burchell 1669 = Arrabidaea agnus-castus (Cham.) P. DC., Bignoni- aceae Chickering 59 = Arrabidaea florida P. DC., Bignoniaceae Curran & Haman 399 = Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) Nichols., Big- ~~ noniaceae Curran & Haman 59 & 587 = Tabebuia billbergii (Bur. & K. Schun.) Standl., Bignoniaceae ‘Dugand D.71 = Tabebuia coralibe Standl., Bignoniaceae Galeotti 7060d = Adenocalymna hintoni Sandw., Bignoniaceae G. Gardner 5030 = Tynanthus fasciculatus (Vell.) Miers, Bignoni- aceae Glaziou 12996 = Arrabidaea subexserta Bur. & K. Schum., Bignoni- aceae Sian eh Hahn son. = Aegiphila deppeana Steud., Verbenaceae M. E. Jones 23032 = Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) Nichols., Bignon- —— eS a iaceae Karsten s.n. = Godmania aesculifolia (II.B.K.) Standl., Bignonia- ceae SRE ti = at Ae Lofgren 195 = Tynanthus elegans (Cham.) Miers, Bignoniaceae Martius 51), = Arrabidaea subincana P. DC., Bignoniaceae Paul 28 = = Godmania aesculifolia (H.B.K.) Standl., Bignoniaceae Peckolt 150 = Joannesia princeps Vell., Euphorbiaceae Pittier 6720 = Godmania aesculifolia (H.B.K.) Standl., Bignonia- ceae Ploem 9 = 9 = Desmodium sp., Fabaceae Pohl 1816 = ae agnus-castus (Cham.) P. DC., Bignoniaceae Sagot S.n. = Se ohy ie sp., Bignoniaceae Skutch .910 ‘910 = Caryocar sp., Caryocaraceae Skutch 2012 = Aegiphila costaricensis Moldenke, Verbenaceae Steinbach 528 = Arrabidaea florida P. DC., Bignoniaceae Steinbach 5607 = Didymopanax morototoni Decne. & Planch., Arali- aceae Ll. Williams 18( 1806 = Tabebuia heteropoda (P. DC.) Sandw., Bignon- Laceae C. Wright 43h = Schlegelia brachyantha Griseb., Scrophulariaceae On the other hand, I have found specimens of Vitex labeled in herbaria as Arrabidaea, Cornutia, Mithridatea, Oxalis, Pekea, petetmiitsintenas Miaraered unl tariens tess seed Kuport aeraakie 15h Piper, and Tanaecium. Vitex specimens are often found in herbaria PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. mis-filed under the genus Vitis, and vice versa, because of the similarity in the name. The conclusion is obvious: not everything found in herbaria under "Vitex" is actually Vitex, and not all of an institution's Vitex specimens will be found under "Vitex" in its herbarium, “aie I n the citation of the thousands of specimens examined in the preparation of this monograph over the past 25 years abbrevia- tions for the names of herbaria will be used which should be ex- plained here. I have used these abbreviations in all of my pub- lications over which I have had editorial control during this past quarter century. It seems most desirable to continue with this system so that there will be uniformity in all my writings, rather than to shift now to another system. A = Arnold Arboretum, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts Aa Af Ah Ak H. Ahles Herbarium, New York City National Herbarium, Pretoria, Transvaal, Union of S. Africa Arthur Herbarium, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana Alan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California New York State Museum, Albany, New York Institut Frang ais d'Afrique Noir, Dakar, Senegal United States National Arboretum, Washington, D. C. C. F. Asenjo Herbarium, University of Wisconsin, Madison University of Texas, Austin, Texas Botanisches Museum und Garten, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York Barbados Kiuseum and Historical Society, Bridgetown, Barbados Barnard College, Columbia University, New York City Instituto Agronomico do Norte, Belém, Brazil Bergens Museum, Bergen, Norway Instituto Agronomico do Servico Publica de istado, Belo Hor- izonte, Minas Geraes, Erazil Bernice P. Bishop luseum, Ilonolulu, Hawaii B. J. Bayer Herbarium, Jamaica, Long Island, New York Royal Forestry Department, Bangkok, Thailand University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado British Museum (Natural History), London, England Instituto de la Salle, Bogot4, Colombia Jardin Botanique de l'Etat, Brussels, Belgium Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana W. M. Buswell Eerbarium, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida Bureau of Plant Industry Station, Beltsville, Maryland Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York City Herbarium Bogoriense, Buitenzorg, Java, Indonesia Columbia University, New York City University of California, Berkeley, California Delessert Herbarium, Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques, Geneva, Switzerland Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Colorado Carey Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 155 Ci = Escuela Superior Agricultura Tropical, Cali, Colombia Cl = Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta, India Cm = Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Cn = University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio Co = North Appalachian Experimental Watershed, Coshocton, Ohio Cp = Universitetets Botaniske Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark Cr = J. Carabia Herbarium, Sansalito, California Cs = Department of Biology, Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, College Station, Texas Ct = Bolus Herbarium, University of Capetovm, Capetown, Union of South Africa Cu = Cambridge University, Cambridge, England Cz = Canal Zone Biolozical Area, Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone D = Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Da = United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. De = De Candolle Herbarium, Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques, Geneva, Switzerland Dd = botanic Gardens, Dehra Dun, United Provinces, India De = Delzie Demaree Herbarium, Monticello, Arkansas Dg = Otto Degener Herbarium, Waialua, Hawaii Di = Carthage College, Carthage, Illinois Dm = C. C. Deam lierbarium, Bluffton, Indiana Dp = DePauw University, Greencastle, Indiana Dr = Botanisches Institut, Dresden, Germany Du = Dudley Herbarium, Stanford University, Stanford, California Dv = Botany Department, College of Agriculture, Davis, California E = Missouri Botanical Garden, Saint Louis, Missouri Ea = Barlham College, Earlham, Indiana Ee = Universidad Nacional de Loja, Loja, Ecuador Ed = Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Scotland El = José Eugenio Leite Herbarium, Novo Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil In = J. Ewan Herbarium, New Orleans, Louisiana Er = Palynologiska Laboratoriet, Lromma, Sweden ES = Estacion Ixperimental Agronomica, Santiago de las Vegas, Havana, Cuba Ew = Erik Wall Herbarium, Stockholm, Sweden F = Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago, Illinois Fe = Colorado Agricultural and liechanical College, Fort Collins, Colorado Fl = University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida In = Facultad Nacional de Agronomia, Universidad Nacional, iMed- ellin, Colombia Fo = Instituto Botanico della Universita, Florence, Italy Fs = Forrest Shreve Ilerbarium, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona Fx = Lauretta E, Fox Herbarium, Natchitoches, Louisiana G = Gray Herbarium, llarvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts Ga = Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Experiment, Georgia Ge = Il. S. Gentry Herbarium, Tucson, Arizona Gg = California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California Gm = Wallich Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England 156 qa Gq) @ ecto PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. Botaniska Tradgard, GSteborg, Sweden Botanische Anstalten, GUttingen, Germany University of Georsia, Athens, Georgia H = Duke University, Durham, North Carolina ob | Ps | fr | a | Fe Colegio de la Salle, Vedado, Havana, Cuba H. Bassler Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden, New York W. G. Herter Herbarium, Montevideo, Uruguay University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Herbario Nacional Colombiano, Instituto Ciencias Naturales, Bogota, Colombia H. Hapeman Herbarium, Minden, Nebraska Instituto Botanico Dr. Julio Henriques, Coimbra, Portugal Crispus Attucks Iligh School, Indianapolis, Indiana Sam Houston State Teachers College, Huntsville, Texas Academia de Ciencias, Havana, Cuba Howard University, Washington, D. C. Langlois Herbarium, Catholic University of America, ‘/ashing- ton, D. C. University of Idaho, Southern Branch, Pocatello, Idaho Illinois State Museum, Springfield, Illinois Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana Iowa State College, Ames, Lowa Cornell University, Ithaca, New York Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, New York City Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil J. Cuatrecasas Herbarium, Bensenville, Illinois William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri Aage Bohus-—Jensen Herbarium, Lyngbye, Denmark Hebrew University, “’erusalem, Israel Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England Kansas State College, Manhattan, Kansas Kern Herbarium, Pennsylvania State College, State College, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan E. P. Killip Herbarium, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York B. A. Krukoff Herbarium, Smithtown, New York Eberhard Kausel Herbarium, Santiago, Chile University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky Jardin Botanique Principal, Leningrad, Russia University of California at L. A., Los Angeles, California C. L. Lundell Herbarium, Dallas, Texas Rijksherbarium, Leiden, Netherlands Fritz Lemperg Herbarium, Hatzendorf, Steiermark, Austria Laboratory Ilerbarium, Department of Botany, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York city Colegio Salesiano, Lima, Peru Lloyd Library, Cincinnati, Ohio Los Angeles County Museum, Los Angeles, California Gualterio Looser Herbarium, Santiago, Chile Linnean Herbarium, Linnean Society, London, England | — ded Ss Eae ath wa 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex Lu = Botanisk Museum, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden Lw = University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas M = Meisner Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden, New York City Ma = Forest Department of Malaya, Kepong, Selangor, Malaya Melbourne Botanic Gardens, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia J. B. McFarlin Herbarium, Sebring, Florida University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional de México, Mex- ico City, Mexico Mg = Montreal Botanical Garden, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Mh = Matuda Herbarium, Mexico City, Mexico Mi = University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Mk = F. C. MacKeever Herbarium, Mount Vernon, New York M1 = Instituto Miguel Lillo, Tucuma4n, Argentina Mn = University of Montana, Missoula, Montana Mo = Morris Arboretum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania lip = Liuseo Paranatnse, Curitiba, Parand, Brazil Mir = Morehead State College, Morehead, Kentucky lis = University of Massachusetts, Amherst, liassachusetts lit = Lary Thais Herbarium, St. Mary's High School, Perth Amboy, New Jersey (a = Botanisches Museum, Munich, Germany liv = Marie-Victorin Herbarium, Montreal Botanical Garden, hont- real, Quebec, Canada ‘N = Britton Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden, New York City Na Natal Government Herbarium, Durban, Natal, Union of South Africa Ne = State Normal College, Natchitoches, Louisiana Nd = Notre Dame University, Notre Dame, Indiana Nj = New Jersey College for Women, New Brunswick, New Jersey Nm = Newark Museum, Newark, New Jersey No = North Carolina State College, Raleigh, North Carolina Nt = North Texas State Teachers College, Denton, Texas O = University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee Oa = Oakes Ames Economic Herbarium, Botanical Museum, Harvard 0 P 0 P= Pa Pb Pe h Pi University, Cambridge, Massachusetts Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma Universitetets Botaniske Museum, Oslo, Norway Omer IE. Sperry Herbarium, Alpine, Texas Oregon State College, Corvallis, Oregon Osborn Botanical Laboratory, tale University, New Haven, Connecticut = Iational Illerbarium of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada = Oxford University, Oxford, England ‘uséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Trance = College of Pharmacy Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden, New York City R. Probst Herbarium, Langendorf, Switzerland Philip Cheitman Herbarium, New York City Philippine Bureau of Science, Manila, Philippine Islands Polytechnic Institute of Puerto Rico, San German, P. R. i ny Ss t x 5 Vou dw wou ou uuu un ve vn nw wow uw th on "ow Poll ¥°T.0 LpOyGark Vol. 5, nognm State College of Washington, Pullman, Washington Parque Nacional da Serra dos Orgios, Terezopolis, Brazil Pomona College, Claremont, California Princeton University Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden, New York City Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana Jardin Botanico, Madrid, Spain W. C. Werner Herbarium, Painesville, Ohio North Queensland Herbarium, North Queensland Naturalists Club, Cairns, Queensland, Australia Trinidad & Tobago Botanical Garden, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Buenos Aires, Argentina Colegio Anchieta, Porto Alegre, Brazil Herbario Barbosa Rodrigues, Itajai, Santa Catharina, Brazil R. E. Schultes lNerbarium, Cambridge, Massachusetts J. T. Roig Herbarium, Ustacion Experimental Agronomica, antiago de las Vegas, Havana, Cuba Government Herbarium, Causeway, Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia Herbario Ruiz Leal, Codoy Cruz, liendoza, Argentina Santa Rosa Junior College, Santa Rosa, California Robert Runyon Herbarium, Brownsville, Texas Rancho Santa Ana, Anaheim, California Rutgers University, lew Brunswick, New Jersey Naturhistoriska Riksmuseum, Stockholm, Sweden Henry R. Carter Memorial Laboratory, Savannah, Georgia Colegio Notra Sefiora ce la Caridad, Santiago, Cuba San Diego Society of Natural History, San Diego, California University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Servicgo Florestal do Estado, S&o Paulo, Brazil Museo de Historia Natural, Santiago, Chile Blythe Sherwood Herbarium, Pawling, New York Instituto Darwinion, San Isidro, Argentina Southern lfethodist University, Dallas, Texas Jardim Botanico, S&o Paulo, Brazil E. R. Squibb and Sons, New York City Sul Ross Teachers College, Alpine, Texas Science Service, Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Canada Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College, Stillwater, Oklahoma J. Otis Swift Herbarium, New York City A. G. Schulz Herbarium, Colonia Benftez, Argentina Torrey Ilerbarium, New York Botanical Garden, New York City Torrey Botanical Club Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden, Jew York City Thunberg Herbarium, Botaniska Institutionen, Uppsala, Sweden University of Santo Domingo, Ciudad Trujillo, Dominican Re- public Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana Transvaal “‘useun, Pretoria, Transvaal, Union of South Africa United States Field Station, Sacaton, Arizona S. i. Tracy Herbarium, Texas Agricultural Experiment Stat- ion, College Station, Texas 1955 Moldenke, Monozraph of Vitex 159 Tu = University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona U = Jenman Jlerbarium, Botanic Gardens, Georgetown, British Guiana Ua = Utah State Agricultural College, Logan, Utah Ug = Museo de Historia Natural, Montevideo, Uruguay Up = University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Ur = University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois Us = Botaniska Institutionen, Uppsala, Sweden Ut = Botanisch Museum en Herbarium, Utrecht, Netherlands V = Naturhistorisches lfuseum, Vienna, Austria Va = Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee Ve = Museo Comercial de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela Vi = Marie-Victorin Herbarium, Montreal, Quebec, Canada V1 = Facultad de Agronomia del Valle, Valle del Cauca, Colombia Vt = University of-Vermont, Burlington, Vermont Vu = Botanisches Institut der Universitdt, Vienna, Austria Vx = Vaxtbiologiska Institutionen, Uppsala Universitets, Uppsala, Sweden W = United States National Luseum, Smithsonian Institution, Wash- ington, D. C. Wx Wb = Wilson Brown Herbarium, Jesuit Tertianship, Auriesville, New York Wie = West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia Wh = Faculdade de Farmacia e Odontologia, Universidad de S&o Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil Wi = Witte Memorial Museum, San Antonio, Texas WL = William Lucian Herbarium, ‘Waterbury, Connecticut Max Gordon Ilerbarium, New York City X = Herbier Boissier, Conservatoire et eis Botaniques, Geneva, Switzerland Xa = Blatter Herbarium, Saint Xavier's College, Bombay, I,dia Y = Yale School of Forestry, New Haven, Connecticut Z= He. Ne Moldenke Herbarium, Yonkers, New York The "African oak" or "teak" mentioned under Vitex by Bentham in Hook., Niger Fl. 487 (189) is actually Oldfieldia africana Hook. f. in the Euphorbiaceae. Darlington & Janaki Ammal in their "Chromosome Atlas of Cul- tivated Plants", page 271 (1945) say that the x number of chromosomes in Vitex is 6 and 8. VITEX ACUMINATA R. Br., Prodr. 512. 1810. 5 tAteratures Rs Br, Prodr. 512. 1810;°F."Nuell., Frag.) 5% . 1865; Benth,, Fl. Austral. 5: 67--63. 1870; H. J. Lan, aaa Malay. Arch. 369. 1919; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Yerbenac. [ed. 1], 70 % 102 (192), ed. 2, "15h & 200. 19h9. Synonymy: Vitex melicopea F. Muell., Fragm. 5: 35. 1865. Vi- tex melieopea I, “uell. apud Benth., Fl. Austral. 5: 68, sphalm. 1870. Kajewski states that this species is common in the rain for- est, that it is a tree up to 80 feet tall, with an invariably hollo:r trunk, and with red fruit in January. The Vitex acuminata Korth, ex Il. J. Lam, Verbenac, lialay. Arch, 369, in syn. (1919) 160 Bey TOO: Gay Vol. 5, no. is actually V. gamosepala var. kunstleri King & Gamble. The only collections of those cited below that are definitely from Queens land are those of Kajewski. It is assumed that the others are also from that state, although their labels do not so specify. The type collection is said by Bentham in his Fl. Austral. 5: 68 (1870) to have been collected by Brown at Rockhampton. In his original description Brown does not state definitely from which of the several localities included in his area "T" the type came. Bentham also suggests that V. timoriensis Walp. may be conspec— ific with V. acuminata, but I regard it as a synonym of V. parvi- flora A. L. Juss. Bentham also cites an unnumbered collection of A. Cunningham from the Northern Territory and unnumbered speci- mens of Bidwell, Daemel, Dallachy, W. Hill, and J. MacGillivray from Queensland, The type of Vitex melicopea is an unnumbered collection by Thozet & Dallachy from Rockhampton, Queensland. Citations: AUSTRALIA: Queensland: R. Brown 2320 (C--isotype) ; Kajewski 55 (La), sen. [North from Gympie] (Bz--2379h, N--photo, Z--photo); F. von Mifller s.n, [Rockhampton] (T); Thozet s.n. [Australie, ~ 1870] (Br). | MOUNTED ILLUSTRATIONS: Ferd. Bauer Icon. Nov. Holl. 954 (V), 954a (V), s.n.(V). VITEX AGELAEIFOLIA Mildbr. ex Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl., 11: 55. 1928. Literature: Mildbr., Wiss. Ergebn. Zent. Afr. Exped. Pola 2: 80. 1922; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11: 1928; voldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 51. "1942; Moldenke, Known Geen, Distrib. Verbenac. [ed. 1], 48 & 102 (192), ed. 2. 11, & 200. 199; Moldenke, Phytologia is 72. 1952. This binomial actually appears first in the 1922 reference cited above, but only as a hyponym without legal taxonomic stand- ing under the present International Rules of Botanic Nomencla- ture. Pieper, in 1928, reduces this 1922 binomial to synonymy under Vitex phaseolifolia lfildbr. He then accepts the same bi- nomial for the present species, based on Tessmann 289 and 321 as cotypes from Spanish Guinea, lle accredits it also to to Mildbraed, who used it as a cheironym on the Berlin specimens of these collections. Pieper gives no formal description, but includes it in his elaborate key to species, from which a validating descrip- tion may be assembled, Ile states, further, that it resembles V. phaseolifolia, but differs in its inflorescences and in its ob= liquely streaked leaves. The Lebrun specimen cited below has very sharply h-angled stems. The species is said to be a liana with white flowers, growing in forests. It has been collected in anthesis in September and in fruit in April. In my 192 publication, cited above, I erron- eously dated l‘ildbraed's first binomial as "1911". Citations: BELGIAN CONGO: Bequaert 6722 (Br); L. Dubois 893 (Br), 1018 (Br, Br); Lebrun 5847 (Br, Br); Vanderyst 27008 (Br, N), 27068 (Br). LOCALITY OF COLLECTION UNDETERMINED: Herb. Jard, Colon. Li Lisboa 7675 (MN). 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 161 VITEX AGELAEIFOLIA var. RUFULA Moldenke, Phytologia : 58. 1952. . Citations: BELGIAN CONGO: Overlaet 1263 (Br--isotype, Br-- isotype, Br--type, N--isotype, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type). VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS L., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 633 [as "Agnus Castus"]. 1753; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 68h. 1817. Literature: Anguillara, Sempl. 6). 1561; latthioli, Comment. E7152 & 177. 1563; Caesalp., De Pl. Lib. 3, cap. 51: 128. 1583; Durante, Herb. Muov., ed. Roma, & 11. 1585; Camerarius in Matthioli, De Fl. Epit. 105. 1586; Dalechamps, Hist. Gen. Pl. 281. 1587; Lobel, Icon. 2: 138. 1591; Gerarde, Herball 1387-1388. 1597; Dodoens, Stirp. Hist. Pemp. 774. 1616; Dodoens, Cruydt- Boeck 1213. 1618; Parkinson, Theatr. Bot. 1137. 160; Castelli, Hort. Mess. 2. 160; J. Bauhin, Hist. Plant. Univers. 1 (6): 205. 1650; A. Bauhin, Pin. },75. 1671; Cupani, Hort. Cathol. h. 1696; Magnol, Hort. Reg. Monspel. 7. 1697; Cupani, Suppl. Alt. 5--6. 1697; Boerhaave, Index Alt. Plant. 2: 222. 1720; Zanichelli, Opuec. Hot. Posth. 21 -& 33.:1730; L., Hort. ClitT.° 327. L737; Royen, Fl. Leyd. Prod. 291. 170; Geoffroy, Tract. Mat. Med. 3: by. 171; L., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 638. 1753; Blackwell, Ilerb. Blackw. man 139. 1757; Gron., Fl. Virg. 169. 17623 Kniphof; ‘llerb.. Viv. 2: Dae 1290, 176); 1115, Gard. Dict,| ed, 8, no. 2.-17663 C. Alston, Lect. Nat. Med. 2: 321. 1770; Regnault, Bot. 3: 85. 177h; Bergius, Mat. Med. 2: 550, pl. 450. 17783 Lam., Fl. Franc. 2: 263. 1778; Medic., Act. Acad, Theod, Palat. 4, Phys. 202, pl. 8. 1780; itedic., Beobacht. 313. 1782; Bergeret, Phyt. Univ. 1: pl. WS. 1783; Zorn., Ic. Pl. ed. 5: pl. 450. 173; All., Fl. Pedem. 1: 12). 1785; Gaertn., Fruct. & Sem. Pl. 1: pl. 56. 17883 Ait., Hort. Kew. 2: 365. 17389; Ucria, Ilort. Reg. Pan. 266, 1789; Plenck, Icon. Pl. ied. 6: 13, pl. 510.:179h; Woodville, iied. Bot. Suppl. pl. 222. 1794; Joh. Kerner, Abbild. Oek. Pfl. (Fig. Pl. Econ.) 8: pl. 746. 1796; Joh. Kerner, Ausltnd. B&ume & Gestr. pl. 1. 1796; Salisb., Prod. Stirp, Chap. Allert. 106. 1796; Lam., Illustr. 3: pl. 541, fig. 1. 1797; Ostkamp, Afb. Artseny-Gewass. 5: pl. 497. 1800; A. Rich. in Marthe, Cat. Pl. Jard. hiéd. Paris 67. 1801; Duhan., Traité Arbres & Arbust., ed. 2, 6: pl. 35. 1801--1819; DC. & Lam., Syn. Fl. Gall. 217. 1806; Roques, Pl. Usuell, Indig. & Exot. 1: pl. 14. 1807; Schkuhr, Bot. Ilandb., ed. 2, pl. 177. 1808; Jaume Saint-Hilaire, Pl. France 2: [pl. 63]. 1808; Stokes, Bot. Liat. Med. 3: 413. 1812; Chaumeton, Fl. Méd. 1: pl. 8. 1815; Lam. & DC., Fl. Frang. 3:'502. 1815; Sebast. & Mauri, Fl. Rom. Prodr. 199. 1318; Vietz, Ic. Pl. l’ed.-oec.—techn. 10: pl. 918. 13819; Jaume Saint-Ililaire, Traité Arbriss. & Arbustes 1: pl. 7, 1825; Tenore, Fl. Nap. 29. 1826; Gussone, Fl. Sic. Prodr. 2: 147. 1828; Duby in P. DC., Bot. Gall. 2: 377. 1830; Loud., Encycl. Pl. 520. 1829; Sibthorp % Sm., Fl. Graeca 7: pl. 609. 1830; Tenore, Sylloge 36 ¢ 298, no. 1. 1831; ‘Yood- meaner 120, Dot... ed. 3, 2: ml,' 137. 1Ld323° J.C. Loud. ,’ Arbor. & Frutic. Brit. 3: 1235, 1838; tees, Gen. Pl. Gamop. 2: pl. 51. 183; Gussone, Tl, Sic. Syn. 2: 110. 18h; Schau. in A. D., Prodr., 11: 632=-58),, 1847; Lindl., led. & Oecon, Bot. 223. 1819; 162 PHYTO Leer a Vol. 5, no. Petermann, Deutsch. Fl. pl. 72, fig. 56). 189; Gussone, Enum. Pl. Vasc. Inarim. 252. 185); Reichenb., Ic. Fl. Germ. 18: pl. 1293. 1857; Tornabene, Atti Accad. Gioen. Scienz. Nat. Catania, ser. 2, 16: 119--122 & 125, pl. 3, fig. A. 1860; Berg, Charakt. pl. 36, fig. 281. 1861; Ettingsh., Blatt-Skel. Dikot. 80--81, fig. 43. 1861; Pokorny, Oesterr. Holzpfl. 182, pl. 36. 186); Argenta, Album Fl. Med.-Farm. 3: pl. 239. 186); Cesati, Passer, & Gibelli, Comp. Fl. Ital., 327, pl. i9, fig. 1. 1867--1886; Le Maout & Decaisne, Traité Gén. Bot. 205. 1868; Lebas, Rev. Hort. 30. 1869; Réveil, Régne Vég. 1): pl. 37. 1370; Fraas, Syn. Pl. Flor. Class. 188. 1870; Carr., Rev. Hort. 1870: 15. 1871; Mocgridge, Fl. Mentone pl. 1). 1871; Peyritsch, Sitzb. Akad. Wiss. Wien 66 (1): pl. 3. 1872; Cusin, Herb. Fl. Franc. 13 (Ver- benacs): pl. 2..1875; Kura, For..Fl. Brit. Burma 270, 16¢7¢ Boiss., Fl. Orient. : 535. 1879; Lauche, Deutsche Dendrol., ed. 2, 153. 1383; Schlecht., Lang, % Schenk, Fl. Deutschl., ed. 5, 19: pl. 1880. 188); Tristram, Surv. West. Palest., ed. 1, 378. 188); Nicholson, Illustr. Dict. Gard. ): 186. 1337; Tristram, Surv. West. Palest., ed. 2, 378. 1888; Baill., Hist. Pl. 11: 85. 1891; H. C. Hart, Some Account Fauna Fl. Sinai 10). 1391; Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 510--511. 1391; leehan's lonthly 2: hh. 1392; Acloque, Fl. France 527. 189); Brig. in Engl. &% Prantl, Wat. Pflanzenfam. ); (3a): 171. 1395; Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 1213. 1395; tadaus, \m. Journ. Phvsiol. 1: ih. 1898; Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. Lond. 22: 77. 1893--1899; Fiori & Paol., Ic. Fl. Ital. 330, fig. 3217. 19023 Penzig, Fl. Litt. Méditerr. pl. 77. 1902; Earle, Bull, Ala. Agr. Exp. Sta..119: 101..1902; Rehd. in.L. HH.) Barlege Cycel. Am. Hort. h: 1917. 1902; Schneid., Dendrol. vlinterst. 138. 1903; Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S., ed. 1, 1015--1016. 1903; Bot. Knogr. Wien II Exk. pl. 13. 1905; Strasburger, Rambles Riviera 415. 1906; Coste, Fl. France 3: 10. 1906; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 20: 118. 1906; Lazaro, Comp. Fl. Espafi. 2: 576. 1907; Beille, Bot. Pharm. 2: 1079. 1909; Rouy, Fl. France 11: 218. 1909; Apgar, Ornament. Shrubs U. S. 29-, fig. 506. 1910; Fedtschenko & Fler., Fl. Eur. Russ. 796. 1910; Garden 75: 56. 1911; Schneid., Ill. Nandb. Laubh. 2: 592--593. 1911; ilettstein, Handb. Syst. Bot., ed. 2, 739. 1911; Van Wijk, Dict. Pl. Names 1: 1h19--1)20. 1911; Gard. Chron,, ser. 3, 51: 52. 1912; Bull. Soc. Dendr. Franee 1913: 110 & 233. 1913; Pitard, Expl. Scient. Maroc. Bot. 1912 (1): pl. 1. 1913; Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S., ed. 2, 1015--1016. 1913; Hand.-Mazz., Ann. Hofmus. Wien 27: 1,03. 1913; Il. S. Thomp- son, Fl. Pl. Riviera pl. 23. 191; Nash, Addisonia 1: 35, pl. 18. 1916; Van Wijk, Dict. Pl. Names 2: , 21, 190, 192, 278, 1450, 466, 540, 676, 691, 816, 379, 1007, 1008, 102), 1121, 1136, 1141, 1170, 1295, 1320, 1504, & 1508. 1916; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 7: 25. 1917; Garden 83: 387. 1919; Il. J. Lam, Verbenac, ialay. Arch, 130 2: 369. 1919; Bonnier, Fl. Compl. France Suisse ?: Belg. 9: pl. 98. 1927; Hegi, Ill. Pl. tittel-pur. 5 (3): 2236--2237. 1927; Rehd., tan. Cult. Trees 777. 1927; Cyrén & Hayek in Karst. f: Schenck, Veg.-Bild. 18: pl. 32. 1928; F. Norton in Karst. & Schenck, Veg.-Bild. 19: pl. 36. 1928; R. °. Harper, Sconom. Bot. Ala, 2: 312, 1928; Dalman, Arbeit ¢: Sitte Palast. 1: 56. 1923; 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 163 Seymour, Host Ind. Fungi N. Am. 533--589, 1929; Oppenheimer, Bull. Soc. Bot. Genév., sér. 2, 22: 362 & 42h. 1930; Eig in Fed- de, Repert. Beiheft 63: 150. 1931; Eig, Zohary, & Feinbrun, Pl. Palestine 305. 1931; Javorka & Csapody, Ic. Fl. Hungar. 18. 1932; C. M. King, Iowa Acad. Sci. Proc. 39: 66, 73, & 7h, fig. 11. 1932; P'ei, Verbenac. China 92. 1932; Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Record 22: 7. 1933; Small, Man. Southeast. Fl. 114). 1933; Le Cointe, A Amaz. Brasil. III Arv. 13. 193); Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 35: 157. 1934; Junell, Symb. Bot. Upsal. h: 93. 193; Bed- evian, Illustr. Polyglott. Dict. Pl. Names 617. 1936; Thelin, Gard. Chron. Am. 1: 70. 1937; Darwiniana 3: 55. 1937; Cory, Texas Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 550: 89. 1937; Rechinger & Rechinger in Fedde, Repert. Beihefte C: 131. 1938; Moldenke, Cult. Pl. 35. 1938; Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 69: 97. 1939; Moldenke, Annot. List 109. 1939; Hoehne, Plant. Subst. T6dx. liedin. 250. 1939; Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names 1--3, 6, 3, 9, 12--18, 22, 2h--27, 30, 31, 33, & 34. 1939; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 2--l, 7-- 11, 21, 26, & 40. 1939; Gates, Fl. Kansas 191. 19,0; Koldenke in Pulle, Fl. Suriname (2): 306--307. 190; Moldenke, Varnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 522: 208. 190; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names ),, 25, 36, 49, 51, & 52. 1940; Oppenheimer & Eve- nari, Bull. Soc. Bot. Genév., sér. 2, 31: 93, 98, & 363. 190; Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names 10--12. 1941; Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 36, 37, & 43. 1942; Hottes, Book of Shrubs },03-- 05. 1942; H. N. Webster, Werbs 42. 192; Moldenke in Lundell, Fl. Texas 3 (1): 80--82, 192; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 4, 2h, 36, & 51--55. 1942; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. Perel ye esO,, 105.12, Deg 26==28 335° 39 ble hoy Dd =53 555, Bit, To at, 102. 19h2; J. C. Wisler, Swarthmore Pl. Notes, ed. 2, 1: 217. 192--19)3; Van Melle, Shrubs @& Trees Small Place 5h, 55, Poi O 93s. Ve« Merdld-Trib., sec. 2, pn, Byripril jo Loh. Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 117--118. 194; Darlington & Janaki Am- al, Chromosome Atlas 271. 195; A.C. iartin, Am. Vidl. Nat. 36: pl. 50. 196; G. L. Fisher, Am. Bot. Exchange List. 196; Eig, Palest. Journ. Bot. Jerus. 3: 230--231. 1916; Kasapligil, Kuzey Anadot. Botanik Gezilevi 173 & 193. 1947; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 339 @ 348. 1947; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 28--29. 194.7; K. W. Hunt, Am. Midl. Nat. 37: 687. 1947; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 168 & 483. 1943; Aul, N. Y. Herald Trib., sect. 5, p. ll, lay 8, 1949; Delect. Sem. Hort. Bot. Pisa 1949: 13. 1949; Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 58). 199; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 76. 1949; Moldenke, Anal. Inst. Biol. Mex. 20: 1l--15. 199; lolden- ke, Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 2, 6--11, 18, 19, 21, 25, )8-- 53, 56, 67, 68, 94, 107--109, 120, 122, 12h, 125, 133, lbh, 165, 166, & 200. 1919; Stumpp é& Walter, 1950 Gard. Ann. 80. 1950; LicEacharn, List Seeds Villa Taranta Gard. 8: 30. 1950; Moldenke, Phytolocia 3: 283, 18, 29h, 295, 378, 379, & 382. 1950; N.Y. Bot. Gard, Seed Exchange List 1952, p. h. 1951; Zohary, Imp. Forest. Inst. Oxford Paper 26: 22. 1951; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 450, u5u, 460, & 468. 1951; Gleason, New Britton % Br. Ill. Fl. 3: 139. 1952; Moldenke, Phytologia - 68 & 7h. 1952s Roig, Dicc. Bot. Nom. Vulg. Cub, 1: 516 *: 2: 1115. 1953; Moldenke, Phytologia 16), PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 4 li: 199. 1953; Laszlo & Henshaw, Science 119: 630. 195). Illustrations: Matthioli, Comment. 1: 152. 1563; Durante, Ilerb, Nuov., ed. Roma, 11. 1585; Camerarius in Matthioli, De Pl. Epit. 105. 1586; Delechamps, Hist. Gen. Pl. 281. 1587; Dodoens, Stirp. Hist. Pemp. 77. 1616; Dodoens, Cruydt-Boeck 1213. 1618; J. Bauhin, Hist. Plant. Univers. 1 (6): 205. 1650; Blackwell, Yerb. Blacky. pl. 139 (colored). 1757; Kniphof, Herb. Viv. 2: pl. 1190 (colored). 1764; Regnault, Bot. 3: 85 (colored). 177; Berg- ius, Mat. Med. 2: 550, pl. 50 (colored). 1778; Bergeret, Phyt. Univ. 1: pl. 45 (colored). 1783; Zorn, Ic. Pl. Ned. 5: pl. 50 (colored). 178); Gaertn., Fruct. & Sem. Pl. 1: pl. 56. 1788; Woodville, Med. Bot. Suppl. pl. 222 (colored). 179); Plenck, Ic. Pl. Med. 6: pl.,510 (colored). 1794; Joh. Kerner, Abbild. Oek. Pfl. (Fig. Pl. Econ.) 8: pl. 746 (colored), 1796; Joh. Kerner, Ausltind, Buume & Gestr. pl. 1 (colored). 1796; Lam., Illustr. 3: pl. Sul, fig. 1. 1797; Ostkamp, Afb. Artseny-Gewass. 5: pl. h97 (colored). 1800; Duham., Arbres & Arbust., ed. 2, 6: pl. 35 (colored). 1801--1819; Roques, Pl. Usuell. Indig. & Exot. 1: pl. 1) (colored). 1807; Schkuhr, Bot. Handb., ed. 2, pl. 177 (color- ed). 1808; Jaume St.-Hil., Pl. France 2: [pl. 63] (colored). 1808; Chaumeton, Fl. Méd. 1: pl. 8 (colored). 1815; Vietz, Ic. Pl. Med.-oec.-techn. 10: pl. 918 (colored). 1819; Jaume St.-Hil., Traité Arbriss. & Arbustes 1: pl. 78 (colored). 1825; Sibthorpe & Sm., Fl. Graeca 7: pl. 609 (colored). 1830; Woodville, Med. Bot., ed. 3, 2: pl. 137 (colored). 1832; J. C. Loud., Arbor. & Frutic. Brit. 3: 1285. 1838; Nees, Gen. Pl. Gamop. 2: pl. 51. 1843; Lindl., Med. & Oecon. Bot. 223. 189; Petermann, Deutschl. Fl. pl. 72, fig. 56) (colored). 189; Reichenb., Ic. Fl. Germ. 18: pl. 1293 (colored). 1857; Tornabene, Atti Accad. Gioen. Scienz. Nat. Catania, ser. 2, 16: pl. 3, fig. A. 1860; Berg, Charakt. pl. 36, fig. 2381. 1861; Ettingsh., Blatt-Skel. Dikot. 80--81, fig. 43. 1861; Pokorny, Oesterr. Holzpfl. 82, pl. 36. 186); Argenta, Album Fl. Med.-Farm. 3: pl. 239 (colored). 186); Cesati, Passer, & Gibelli, Comp. Fl. Ital. pl. 9, fig. 1. 1867—- 1386; Le Maout & Decaisne, Traité Gén. Pot. 205. 1868; Réveil, Régne Vég. 1: pl. 37 (colored). 1370; Moggridge, Fl. Uentone pl. 1); (colored). 1871; Peyritsch, Sitzb. Akad. Wiss. Wien 66 (1): pl. 3. 1872; Cusin, Herb. Fl. Franc. 13 (Verbenac.): pl. 2 (colored). 1375; Lauche, Deutsche Dendrol., ed. 2, 153. 1883; Schlecht., Lang, & Schenk, Fl. Deutscil., ed. 5, 19: pl. 1880 (colored). 138); Nicholson, Illustr. Dict. Gard. : 186. 1887; Baill., list. Pl. 11: 85, 1891; Meehan's Monthly 2: hh. 1892; Acloque, Fl. France 527. 139); Eric. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam, (3a): 171. 1895; Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. Lond. 22: 477. 1398--1899; Fiori & Paol., Ic. Fl. Ital. 380, fig. 3217. 1902; Penzig, Fl. Litt. Méditerr. pl. 77 (colored). 1902; Schneid., Dendrol. viinterst. 188. 1903; Bot. Kongr. Wien II Exk. pl. 13. 1905; Strasburger, Rambles Riviera }15 (colored). 1906; Coste, Fl. France 3: 10. 1906; Lazaro, Comp. Fl. Espafl. 2: 576. 1907; Beille, Bot. Pharm. 2: 1079. 1909; Apgar, Ornament. Shrubs U. S. 290, fig. 506. 1910; Fedtschenko & Fler., Fl. Eur. Russ. 796. 1910; Garden 75: 546, 1911; Schneid., I11. Handb. Laubh. 2: 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 165 592--593. 1911; Wettstein, Handb. Syst. Bot., ed. 2, 739. 1911; Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 51: "62. 1912; Bull. Soc. Dendr. France 1913: 110 & 233. 1913; Pitard, Expl. Scient. Maroc. Bot. 1912 (1): pl. 1. 1913; H. S. Thompson, Fl. Pl. Riviera pl. 23 (colored). 1914; Nash, Addisonia 1: pl. 18 (colored). 1916; Garden 83: 87. 1919; Bonnier, Fl. Compl. France Suisse & Belg. 9: pl. 98 (col- ored). 1927; fegi, Tll. Fl. Mittel-Eur. 5 (3): 2236. 1927; Cyrén & Hayek in Karst. & Schenck, Veg.-Bild. 18: pl. 32. 1928; F. Morton in Karst. & Schenck, *Veg.—Bild. 19: pl. 36. 1928; Javorka & Csapody, Ic. Fl. Ilungar. "18, 1932; C. M. King, Iowa Acad. Sci. Proc. 39: fig. 11. 1932; Bedevian, Tilustr, Polyglott. Dict. Pl. Names 617. 1936; Journ, N. Y. Bot. Gard, 43: 37. 1942; Hottes, Book of Shrubs hol. 1942; A. C. Martin, Am. Midl. Nat. 36: pl. 50. 1946; Aul, N. Y. Herald Trib., sect. 5, p- ll, May 8, 199; Stumpp & Walter, 1950 Gard. Ann. ‘bo. 1950; Gleason, New Britt. & me, fai FL. 3: "139. 1952. Synonymy: Vitice e cid 6 agno castro Anguillara, Sempl. 6). 1561. Vitex Matthioli, Comment. 1: 152. 1563. Vites vulgo Agnus Castus Caesalp., De Pl, Lib. 3, cap. 51: 128. 1583. Agno Casto Durante, Herb. Nuov., ed. Roma, 11. 1585. Vitex Camerarius in Matthiol4, De Pl. Epit. 105. 1286, Vitex matthioli Delechamps, Hist. Gen. Pl. 281. 1587. Eleagnum theophrasti Lobel, Icon, 2: 138. 1591. Vitex, sive Agnus Castus Gerarde, Herball 1387. 1597. Piper agreste Gerarde, Herball 1388, in syn. 1597. Vitex siue Agno Casto Dodoens, stirp. Hist. Pemp. 774. 1616. Viticis ramulus cum cum flore | Dodoens, Stirp. Hist. Pemp. 77h, in syn. 1616. Agnus Castus Dodoens, cruydt-Boeck 1713. 1618. Vitex sive Agnus - castus Parkinson, Theatr. Bot. 137. 160. Vitex flor flore purpureo Castel- li, Hort, Mess. 2. 1640. Agnus folio non serrato J. Bauhin, Hist. Plant. Univers. 1 (6): 205. 1650. Agnus sive Vitex J. Bauhin, Hist. Plant. Univers. a} (6): 205. 1650. Vitex foliis an- gustioribus cannabis modo dispositis K. Bauhin, Pin. 75. 1671. Agnus Castus ; Cupani, Hort. Cathol. . 1696. Vitex; foliis angust- ioribus, iS, Cannabis modo dispositis Boerhaave, “Index Alt. Plant. 2: 222. 1720. Vitex foliis ee Gunns instar dispositis Mat. Med. 3: hh. 171. “Vitex ites redic-, c., beobacht. 313. 1782. Vitex agnus castus angustifolia Ait., Hort. Kew. 2: 365. 1789. Vitex lupinifolia Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allert. 106. 1796. Vitex agnus Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 413. 1812. Agnus Alston apud Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 13, in syn. 1812. Vitex agnus a integerrima Stokes, Bot, Mat. led. 3: 13. 1812. Vitex robusta Lebas, hev. Hort. 30. 1869. Agnus castus vulgaris Carr., Rev. Hort. 1870: 15. 1871. Vitex agnus castus var. agnus castus Kurz, For. Fl. Brit. Burma 270. 1877. Agnus-castus vulgaris Carr. Sell Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees 777, in syn. 1927. Vitex angus—castus L. apud Ptei, Verbenac. China 92, sphalm. 1932. Agnus castus Blackw. ex Moldenke, Prelin. Alph. List Invalid Names ], in syn. 19)0. Piper agrestis Gerarde ex Moldenke, op. cit. 36, in syn. 190. 1.66 POH ¥-T:0 70 tee Vol. 5, MOsen Vitex agnus L. ex Moldenke, op. cit. 49, in syn. 190. Vitex agnuscastus L, apud Ducke, Inst. Agron. Norte Bol. Técn. 8: lh, sphalm. 1916. Vitex i pnets-castus Commons ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 28, in syn. 1917. Vitex aentis-caatee var. mediterranea Kuntze, in herb, Vitex agnus var. humilis Moll, in herb. Vitex aguus ae in herb. Vitex castus L., in herb. Vitex agnus-casti L., in herb. Shrub or low tree, to 6.5 m. tall; branches medium, obtusely tetragonal, grayish, medullose, densely short-puberulent or pul- verulent; branchlets rather slender, obtusely tetragonal or sub- terete, brownish or buff in color, often slightly striate, dense- ly short-puberulent or pulverulent and marked with resinous glob- ules, pith rather stout; nodes often slightly annulate; principal internodes 3--7.5 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 5--9- foliolate (rarely 3-foliolate or even 1-foliolate), fragrant; petioles slender, 1.5--7.5 cm. long, densely puberulent and resin- ous-granular, not noticeably ampliate at the base, sorewhat flattened above; leaflets mostly quite unequal in size, the cent- ral one largest, the lowermost pair smallest, the 3 largest peti- Olulate with petiolules more or less margined and 2--10 mm. long (rarely subsessile), the 2 or 4 smallest sessile, subsessile, or occasionally also shortly petiolulate; leaflet—blades thin- chartaceous or submembranous, gray-brown (or nigrescent in dry- ing) above, whitish beneath, very fragile, narrowly elliptic, the central one )}.5--11.5 cm. long and 9--21 mn. wide, attenuate or acuminate at both ends, more or less pulverulent or glabrate a- bove, densely short-puberulent or tomentellous with appressed in- canous or cinereous tomentum beneath, entire or more or less un- dulate-subrepand (and occasionally subrevolute in drying) along the margins (very rarely with 1 or 2 obtuse teeth), the lateral ones similar to the central one in all respects except size and often more acute at both ends or even blunt at th- apex; midrib flat and slightly more densely pulverulent above, prominulous be=- neath;.secondaries numerous, 8--15 per side, short, arcuate- ascending, not plainly anastomosing, usually practically indis- cernible above, very slightly prominulous or inconspicuous be- neath; vein and veinlet reticulation usually indiscernible on both surfaces; inflorescence paniculate, terminal and axillary or supra-axillary at the uppermost nodes, forming a pyramidal in- florescence; panicles )--3l cm. long, 1.5--2 (rarely to 3.3) cm. wide at anthesis, 1--1.5 cm. wide in fruit, composed of numerous paired many-flowered sessile or subsessile cymules; peduncles (1.5--3 cm. long) anc rachis slender, obtusely tetragonal or sub- terete, densely short-pubescent or pulverulent anc resinous- granular like the branchlets, mostly incanous; sympodia usually abbreviated or to 3.5 cm. long; pedicels very slencer, 1 mm. long or less, incanous=puberulent; bracts usually none (or occasional= iy 51. OF "2 subtending the Lowest cymes and then simple and entire or 1--3-lobed or else 5--7-foliolate like the leaves but smaller); bractlets and prophylla linear-setaceous, about 1 mm. long, in- canous, occasionally to l, mm. long; flowers odorous; calyx broad= 1955 : Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 167 ly campanulate, 2--2.5 mm. long, densely white-puberulous on the outside, its rim shortly 5-toothed; corolla lavender, flesh-pink, lilac, violet-blue, or bluish-purple, its tube broadly cylindric, 6--7 mm. long, 2--2.5 mm. wide, densely white-puberulent above the calyx, its limb 5--13 mm, wide, the lobes obtuse or acutish; stamens and style exserted; fruiting-calyx cupuliform, about 2 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, densely incanous=puberulent on the out- side, its rim regularly 5-toothed with small subapiculate teeth; fruit drupaceous, subglobose, about 3 mm. in diameter, glabrate. This is the type (i.e., lectotype) species of the genus and the one most widely known in cultivation. It has been knowm and described since the time of Homer (ca. 950--850 B.C.) and Theo- phrastus (371--287 B.C.). It is native abundantly throughout the Mediterranean region and the Orient from Spain and southern France, the Balearic Islands, Greece, Italy, Cyprus, Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia, Crete, lialta, Turkestan, Transcaucasia, Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, and ralestine, northward to southern Germany and Hungary, east to Pakistan, anc south to Morocco. It has also been reported from Iran, “Ugypt, Afghanistan, and Baluchistan and prob- ably occurs there, although I have seen no material from those places except a cultivated specimen from igypt. Hig, Zohary, & Feinbrun in their "Plants of Palestine", page 305 (1931) say that it grows there in moist habitats of lowlands in the Sharon and Lount Carmel districts, blooming from February to September, and called the "common bush of Abraham'', Post and Dinsmore report it as "common" in tiie area on which they worked, Nebelek reports the species from Moab, while Aaron Aaronson found it in Galilee (his MO. 7150). It has escaped from cultivation and become naturalized in Portuguese East Africa, Natal, Formosa, Java, the southern United States, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Saint Thomas, Saint Croix, Saint Kitts, Antigua, Guadeloupe, Grenada, Eritish Guiana, and Surinam, and is abundantly cultivated as an ornamental in many parts of Europe, Asia, Africa, and America. In addition to the records cited below and substantiated by actual herbarium speci- mens, Wisler in his "Swarthmore Plant Notes" 1: 217 (192--),3) says it is cultivated in Delaware County, Pennsylvania. It is said to be cultivated "in native gardens" in Southern Nigeria. I have personally seen it in cultivated at Great Neck, Nassau County, New York on November 20, 1938. Gates in his "Flora of Kansas", pace 191 (190) says that it occurs only in cultivation in Kansas. Pox in his "Flora of Antigua" (mss.) records it as "a garden plant" on the basis of "Herb. Hooker s.n. in Vienna Mus." I have examined this specimen and find that its label does not indicate that the specimen came from a cultivated plant. It is . mentioned in Darviniana 3: 55 (1937) at cultivated at Buenos Aires. L. H. Bailey's catalogue of florists in 1935 listed 21 that handled or offreed this species. Lam in Verberac. Malay. Arch. 180 (1919). credits the binomial to page "890" of Linnaeus! "Species Plantarum". Several other authors have said the same thing, but the name does not occur on that page! Schaver in A. DC., frodr. 11: 68) (1847) gives the 168 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. erroneous citation. Lam says that the species was "imported into W. India and into Java (Batavia: Backer, Koorders)". All the Jav- an material, however, including the Backer and Koorders collec- tions, in the Buitenzorg herbarium -- as well as the "W. India" [= Pakistan] material in that herbarium -- have proved to be V. negundo. In Palestine and neighboring lands an ecologic formation, ac- cording to Eig in Palest. Journ. Bot. Jerus. 3: 231 (1946), is named for Vitex agnus-castus. It is called Viticetum Agni-casti and consists of 2.3 percent of this species and includes also Inula viscosa, Tolpis virgata, Ononis leiosperma, and Poterium SE a ie eRe adele tl ES: bide... In its native haunts V. agnus-castus is found on hillsides, in sandy fields and wet sandy places, along dry roadsides, in swamps, on river banks and river bottoms, in pine woods and thickets, and along the sides of rivulets. Bertrand found it in littoral areas in France and Sennen collected it on talus in Spain. In America it has taken to hammocks, upland woods, and waste ground, especially in sandy loam, loam-clay, or blackland- clay soils. Some botanists have questioned whether this plant actually grows without cultivation in the New World, but there is abundant testimony that it does. Earle, for instance, in Bull. Ala. Agr. Exp. Sta. 119: 101 (1902) says "freely escaped, roadsides, etc." Harper also says it "occasionally escapes to roadsides" in Alaba- ma. Cory says it is "escaped and established in canyons" in Real County, Texas. Rhoades found it "in a swamp" at Port Vincent, Louisiana. The label on Schallert 12);8 states "escaped" in For- . syth County, North Carolina. Barkley found it growing "at edge of Waller Creek" in Travis County, Texas. Buswell's specimen | from Polk County, Florida, according to a letter to me from hin, is from "escaped" material, Cuthbert says it is "a rather fre=- quent escape" in Richmond County, Georgia. Letterman found it "escaped" at Texarkana in October, 189). Earle and Baker found it "escaped" at Auburn, Alabama, on October 9, 1898. C. S. William- son found it in "waste ground" at Savannah, Georgia, in July, 1895. The C. B. Williams 57 is from "waste places" at Goliad, Texas, while Curtis 6813 is in part from "dry roadsides (and river bottom) near Bainbridge, Ga." and in part from "bank of river at Milton, Fla." Eggers % has a label reading "ad habitat- iones naturales, Aug. 1852" on Saint Thomas island. Small found it "in the Ocmulgee River swamp, below Macon, Ga.", July 8--9, 1895, while Maxon found it "in sandy soil along Penn. R.R., Lan- han, Hate». July 2h, 190)". Le He & E. Z. Bailey 15233 represents "a straggling bush~like 1931". The label on E. J. Palmer 29537 says "Thickets a small creek, near Browmvood, Texas (escaped from cult.), Nov. 2, 1925" while the same. collector's number 7584 is from "upland woods (adventive), Pineville, La., ‘tay 11, 1915". Small found it "along the Altamaha River, about Fort Barrington, Ga., June 26, 1395". 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 169 Mohr states, on the label of his collection, "Frequently cult. by the older settlers, sparsely escaped, Pascacoula, Ala., June 28, 1890". The label on Wolff 1002 reads "Shrub 12 feet tall, Cowhouse Creek, 8 miles Ni of Belton, Tex., July 8, 1929". Ruth 1362 has a label reading "In sandy soil, Tarrant Co., Texas, July 5, 1924". Dr. G. Clyde Fisher's specimen was collected "near Fort Valley, Ga., June 27, 1912", while Miss M. B. Flint says "Introduced, Brookhaven, Miss., June 1, 1882" and Hexamer & Maier say "Introduced, Abbeville distr., S.C., July 1855". Langlois says "Cultivated and found here and there near dwellings, St. Martinville, La., June 1879", Small 7991 is inscribed "Hammocks, Flamingo, Cape Sable region, Fla., Nov. 26, 1916". The Peters collection in the Gray Herbarium is inscribed "Adventive? or cult., l;gulton, Ala." and the W. J. Robbins specimen in the same herbarium is labeled "Cultivated?, Macon, Missouri, 15 Oct. 1920! Earle & Baker record it as "escaped" in Lee County, Alabama. On the other hand, the two Herb. Lugd.-Bat. specimens cited below as cultivated have labels that do not actually indicate this fact. The Clothier collection from Manhattan, Kansas, is cited by me as from cultivated material only because Gates states that all Kansas material is cultivated. The B. B. Higgins speci- men from Griffin, Georgia, is from cultivated material according to a letter from him in my filed dated September 13, 195, al- though its label does not indicate this fact. Vitex agnus-castus Grows from the littoral at sea level to an altitude of at least 150 meters in its native haunts, and often begins to bloom when it is only feet tall. I; has been collect- ed in anthesis in practically every month of the year, and in fruit in Sebruary anc from June to October. The leaves are some- times infested with insect galls (e.g., Herb. Hort. Bot. Pisa s. n. in the Columbia University Ilerbarium) and, according to Viest= cott's "Plant Disease Handbook", page 660 (1950), by a "leafspot' caused by the fungus Cercospora viticis llis & Ev. and a "root- rot! caused by Phymatotrichum omnivorum (Shear) Duggar. Monteiro da Costa reports that the species is used for perfume in Brazil. The aromatic leaves are used to spice dishes in Wi-~ geria and British Guiana, liathews reports that the leaves are employed medicinally in Peru. In Florida it is claimed that the plant repels mosquitoes. The seeds are said to possess a seda- tive effect. Ff. C. Hoehne in his "Plantas e Subst&ncias Téxicas e Dedinais", page 250 (1939), discusses its medicinal uses. G. L. Fisher reports that it has a "pepper taste". Laszlo & Henshaw in Science 119: 630 (195) state that it increases sterility in women with increasing doses and retards estrus in female rats. Lindley in Med. & Oeconom. Bot. 223 (189) says it has acrid fruit and that the seeds are used in Smyrna as an external appli- cation against colic, while taken internally they act'as a power- ful aphrodisiac. J. li. Dalziel reports that the fragrant leaves are used in Southern Nigeria. Dawodu says that the "scented leaves.....are used to spice dishes" at Lagos. It is also used as a spice in British Guiana, Black says of it"arbusto cultivado em 170 REY RO Le aw Vol. 5, no. chacara, flor roxa lilaz; com aspecto de uma Buddleja; folhagem com cheiro aromatico de Salvia apiana, docc#o usada para banho contra dor de cabeca." Culture notes are given by P. J. van Melle in his "Shrubs and Trees for the Small Place", pages 54--55 (193), by Aul in he "ew York Herald Tribune" for May 8, 1919, sect. 5, page 11 by A. C. Hottes in his "Book of Shrubs", pages 1,03--hos aha). They faa ekte that the species is hardy in the northern United States, but dies back in some winters north of New York City. Even if the to: does overwinter, it is advisable to prune it back severely -- even to within 6 inches of the ground -- early each spring in order to obtain more »rofuse blooming. It requires a dee>, moist, well-drained soil or light sandy soil, in full sun- light, preferably a bit acid (with a minimacid of pH l.0--5.0). It is coarse~rooted and therefore cifficult to transplant with a 4all of earth. For this reason it is best to transplant it bare- rooted in spring. It seeds freely, and the seeds may be sown in spring. Both hadrwood cuttings and summer softwood cuttings must be protected from frost and overwintered in a greenhouse. The tree may also be propagated by layering and by suckers. Because of its pulverulent or puberulent foliage and branches it gives a crayish effect and is not easily blended in a plant border. It may be planted with Caryopteris, Hypericum, and Buddleja, but is most useful as an accent plant or in a cut-back garden hedgerow. It makes a yearly growth of 3 to 5 feet and flowers from July to September -- a time when not many other garden shrubs are in bloom -- and so constitutes a worthwhile addition for contribut— ing a decorative note to small garden landscapes. Shinners says that it grows in partial shade and describes it as a dense shrub 2 meters Mie with ascending to erect branches and aromatic foliage. H. N. Webster in his "Herbs, How to Grow and How to Use Them", page 2 (1942) says that it is suitable for Shakespeare gardens, Germination studies on this plant are described by C. M. King in Iowa Acad. Sci. Proc. 39: 66, 73, & 74 (1932), the endosperm morphology by A. C. Martin in Am. iidl, Hat. 36: 603--609 (196), and the gynoecim morphology by Junell in Symb. Bot. Upsal. : 93 (1934). Darlington & Janaki Ammal, in their "Chromosome Atlas", page 271 (19h5), say that the chromosome number is 2h. This is based on Patermann's work in 1933. The type of the species is sheet number ) under genus 811 (790) in the Linnean Herbarium at London, collected in Cliffort's garden and inscribed "Agnus" in Linnaeus! own handwriting. The Vitex verticillata Lam., Vitex latifolia Mill., Vitex agnus=castus var. latifolia \ill., Vitex agnus-castus var. lati- folia Loud., Vitex agnus-castus latifolia Tornabene, Vitex agnus-castus var. latifolia Tornabene, and Vitex agnus—castus var. fossilis lioldenke, often included in the sy synonymy of this species in its typical form, actually are all V. agnus-castus f. latifolia (Ii11.) Rehd., a quite common and distinct natural form; the Vitex sinuata Medic. is actually V. negundo var. heter- 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex : 171 ophylla (Franch.) Rehd.; the Vitex agnus-castus Kurz is Vv. tri- folia L L.; the Agnus Castus flore albo Cup. and Vitex flore albo Cast. are Vv. agnus-castus f. alba (West.) Rehd.; the "Vitex haussknechtii Bornm." is a valid species, V. hausknechtii Bornn.; and the Agnus-castus var. caerulea Hort., Vitex agnus-castus var. caerulea Hort., Vitex agnus-castus var, caerulea L., and Vitex floribus caeruleis Zannich. are actually V. agnus-castus var. caerulea Nehd, The Vitex pseudo-negundo Hand.-liazz. and V. agnus- castus var. pseudo-negundo (Iausskn.) Bormm., previously regard- ed by me as being conspecific with the ssecies here being dis- cussed, are now regarded by me as representing a distinct geo- graphic variety, V. agnus-castus var. pseudo-negundo (Haussln.) Bornm. Besides the confusion entailed by these many cases of un= justified reduction to synonymy, herbarium specimens of V. agnus- castus have been mis~identified in herbaria as V. negundo Lo, V. peucaren L. f., V. trifolia L., and V. negundo var. incisa Lam.) C. B. Clarke. The Popenoe 613, Jd. Stefani s.n. [10 Mai ey Sette orrtar sen. [Nontpellier, 1890], all originally dis- tributed as Vitex agnus-castus by the collectors, are actually thretia thyrsiflora (Sieb. & Zucc.) Nakai of the Ehretiaceae, Teucrium fruticans L. of the Lamiaceae, and Salix alba L. of the Salicaceae, respectively. es Shimek identified his collections, cited below, as "Vitex agnus-castus Kurz", but this he Ses binomial is actually a synonym of V. trifolia L. The Raizada specimen cited below was first identified as V. trifolia and then re-determined, also er- roneously, by E. D. Merrill as V. negundo L. Common names for this plant are very numerous and include "Abraham's balm", "Abraham's balm fruit", "Abrahamsbaum", "Abrahamsboom", "Abrahamstrauch", "agneau chaste", "agnocasto", "aeno-casto commune", "agnus castus", "agnus-castus", "alecrim d'Angola", "aloch", "arbre au poivre", "arbre de poivre", "artenhewe", "ayid ag", "bes parmak ag", "boom der kuisheid", "borst-saame", "borst-samen", "chaste lamb", "chaste lamb tree", "chaste tree", "chaste-tree", "common bush of Abraham", "common chaste-tree", "europische kuisboom", "faux poivre", "faux poivrier", "gatilier", "gattilier", "gattilier commun", “Nerattilier", "hemp tree", "hemp=-tree", "herbe chaste", "incenso japonés", "Indian-spice", "kaff maryam", "Keuschbaum", "Keusch- baum mttllen", "Keuschbaummttllen", "Xeuschbaumsamen", "Iieuschlamm! "Keuschlammstrauch", "keuschlamp", "losterpfeffer", "kuisch- boom", "kuisch-lam", nyumschbaun", "kaysche boom", "lavender", mitnchspfeffer", "monchspfeffer", "monks pepper-bush", "monks pepper-tree", "monk's pepper tree", "monnikspeper", "mullen", Mittllen", "myrrh tree", "old English lavender", "pau de Angola", "péoré", "pébrier", "pepe di monaci", "pepe falso", "peperboom", “Deperella", "pepper taste", "petit poivre", "Pfefferbaim", "Mimienta de Guinea", "poivre commun", "poivre de moine", "poivre des moines", "poivre petit", "poivre saurage", "poivre sauvage", 172 PHY TOLOGTA Vol. 5, no. "sage bush", "sage tree", "sanzgatillo", "Schaafmttlle", "Schaafsmtthle", "schaapsmiul", "Schaf-milch", "schaf-—nilte", "Schaf-=mttle", "Schaf-=mttlle", "Schaf-mttllen", "scahfs-milben", "schafs-millen", "Schafs-mtthlen", "Schafs-mttlben", "schafs- mullel", "Schafs-mttllen", "schafwulle", "shag ibr&hfim", "totsane! "tree of chastity", "true chaste-tree", "Virginia sage", "vitice", "wild lavender", iwild=pep er", "yemen safrani", "zeewile", and the Greek Avyés (of ee) a y vos (of Dioscorides), (Tos, o(cos, and Jyyds (of Miaciaaeheane and AlLy Yo re (of neo Greek authors). Of these names "alecrim d'Angola"” is used mostly in Brazil, "Indian-spice" in British Guiana, "chaste-tree'} "hemp=tree", and "monk's penper-tree" in California, twild lav— ender". and "wild-pepper" in Florida, "true chaste-tree" in Hiss- ouri, "Pimienta de Guinea" in the Dominican Republic, "europische kuischboom" in Holland, "ayid ag", "bes parmak ag", and "yemen safrani" in Turkey, "agno casto commune", "pepe falso", "peperel- la", and "vitice" in Italy, "agneau chaste", "gattilier", "arbre au poivre", and "petit poivre" in France, and "Abrahamsbaum" and "Keuschbaum MittLlen" in Germany. Ducke in Inst. Agron. Norte Bol. Técn. 8: 15 (1946) says the name "pau de Angola", indicating an African origin for the plant, is applied to this species in Brazil in error because its frag- rance resembles that of a perfume popular in Portugal which bears that name. Harper in Econom. Bot. Ala. 2: 312 (1928) says the plant is commonly called "lavender" in Alabama because it resemb- les Lavandula in the color of its flowers and the odor of the foliage. He cites a Manningham specimen from Butler County, Ala- bama, not yet seen by me. Kuntze in Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 510--511 (1891) has a very broad concept of this species, including in it several taxa now almost uniformly regarded as specifically distinct. He divides his Vitex agnus-castus into the following "varieties": Leaflets 5--7, the middle one subsessile or petiolulate.g typica. Leaflets 3--7. Leaflets all sessile, 1: -1:1/2—h.........0sseeseee -tEhieQaen Viddle 1 to 3 leaflets petiolulate. Leaflets 1: 2 1/dm—-lessccecsseceesecccecsccesceeee Y negundo. Leaflets 1: 5—=8......ccccccccccsescccccecceces § negundodes, Uo beh aa ial i aT ee rer Tope CT Leaflets 1--3. Leaflets mostly 3, 1: Qe ececceecccscesessseeeseeeg Subtrisecta. Leaflets mostly or all 1, 1: 1--1 Lf2accsecerceoceesse yy OVaUa ovata. It would appear that var. torica Tuntze only is true V. agnus- castus; var. trifolia (L.) Kurz is typical V. trifolia L.j var. negundo (L.) Kuntze is typical V. negundo L.; var. negundodes Kuntze is V. trifolia var. bicolor (Willd.) Holdenke; var. sub- trisecta Kuntze is V. trifolia var. heterophylla (ak. ) Moldenke; and var. ovata Kuntze is V. trifolia var. simplicifolia Cham. The identity of var. javanica Kuntze is still in doubt. On the label of a specimen in the Britton Herbarium Kuntze proposes still another variety, V. agnus-castus var. mediterranea Kuntze, 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 173 with the added descriptive phrase "foliolis 5-—7 medio saepe petiolulatis." I do not believe the specimen is distinguishable from typical V. agnus-castus,. Simple, long-petiolulate, 3-lobed bracts are seen clearly on the Inglis specimen in the Bailey Hortorium herbarium. Both sim- ple and entire bracts and 1=--3-lobed bracts may be seen on Mohr sn. in the United States National Museum (sheet no. 771905). Winter twigs can be seen on Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard. 11606), while pex of the stems. Monteiro da Costa 159 in the Britton Herbarium exhibits four 3-foliolate leaves while allthe rest of the leaves on the specimen are 5-foliolate. The species may usually be distinguished from V. negundo by having more numerous leaflets and by its sessile or subsessile cymules. Specimens with the leaflets somewhat wider than usual are seen not only among cultivated material, but also among nat— ive south European material. Specimens of this broad-leafleted form -- like Stuckert 6813 -- remind one strongly of f. latifolia (Mi11.) Rehd., but the character is not constant. Curtiss 6813 shows both the narrow and broad leaflets on the same branchlet, especially on the specimens in the Britton and Gray Herbaria,. Tissue-thin microtome sections of the stems may be seen on the University of Vermont sheet of Vaccari 18. Cuthbert claims that his specimen is from a tree "20 feet tall", and Curtis states that one of his was from a "tree one foot in diameter", Citations: MARYLAND: Prince Georges Co.: Maxon s.n. [Lanhan, July 2h, 1904] (W--4.9)711). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: Vasey sen. [Agr. grounds, 1875] (Ka); Ward sen. [July 29, 1882] (W--1)7603). NORTH CAROLINA: Forsyth Co.: P P. 0. Schallert 128 (Vt). SOUTH CAROLINA: Abbeville Co.: Hexamer & & Maier s.n. [introduced, Abbe- ville distr.] (G). Richland Co.: K. Ae A. Taylor Son. [Colunbia, June '91] (F-08910). GEORGIA: Bibb Co.: J. K. Small s.n. [Oc- mulgee River swamp below Macon, July 8--9, 1895] (C, F--160897). Chatham Co.: Williamson s.n. [Savannah, July 1895] (D--509879, N). Decatur Co.: Curtiss 681 6813, in part [Bainbridge, June 20, 1901] (Ar—-7507, Ca--10)855, Cb, E--1161)3, Ed, G, It, K, ka, N, P, S, Vu, W--391707). McIntosh Co.: J. K. Small s.n. [about Fort Barrington, June 26, 1895] (C, F--180651). Peach Co.: G. C. Fisher s.n. [Fort Water, June 27, 1912] (N). FLORIDA: Hernando Co.: A A. S. ~§. Hitchcock sen, [June-July 1898] (F--23)729). Hills- borough Co.: Bailey & . Bailey 15233 (Ba, N). Leon Co.: Nash s.n. [Aug. 1895] (It). Monroe Co.: Layne 10 (E--116065); J. K. K. Small 7991 (N). Polk Co.: Buswell s.n. [A April 1919] (Bu). Santa Rosa Co.: Curtiss 6813, in n part [lilton, Aug. 3,.1901] (Ar--7507, Ca— 104855, Cb, E--11613, Ed, G, It, K, Ka, N, P, S, Vu, W--394707). ALABAMA: Lawrence Co: Peters S.n. fadventive? or cult., Moulton] (G). Lee Co.: Earle & Baker s.n. n. [Auburn, _ 7-8-1897] (Al, E-- 116146, Ka, N, Ob--50879,Po--63)36, Ur), sen. [Auburn, 10-9-1898] (--116136, N, Ur). MISSISSIPPI: Adams Co.: Shimek s.n. [Natchez, 17h PHY T'0 DOG 7H Vol. 5, nosy June 1898] (E--1161)), F--78617). Hancock Co.: A. Allison s.n, [Bay St. Louis] (A, Ca-—139767, N, W--lh7h0). Lincoln Co.: Flint sen. [Brookhaven, June 1, 13882] (W--1323343). ARKANSAS: Killer Co.: Letterman s.n. Texarkana, Oct. 1895] (E--11611). LOUISIA- NA: Livingston Par.: W. H. Rhoades s.n. [Port Lap: July 1931; H. N. Moldenke 17077] (Bt, Bt--61225, Hs, Hs, Hs, , Ob--33995, St, Up). Natchitoches Par.: E. J. Palmer 758h, in bake (E-— 7937h2, K). Rapides Par.: E. nid Palmer 758h, in part (A, Gg— 31178, Po--220831). Saint Bernard Par.: Joor s.n. [July 29, 1887] (Tl). OKLAHOMA: Jackson Co.: Pigg s.n. (Martha, Oct. 20, 1937] (St--1h23)). Pawnee Co.: Dillingham s.n. [June 29, 1935] (St-- 9282). Payne Co.: Ambrose 119 (St--9285); Askew 5 (St--22036); Divine 49 (Au); Pullin 258 (S (St--9283); Rees 313 (Or—-l,0100) . TEXAS: Bell Co.: Wolff 1002 (W--1622570). Bexar Co.: Clemens & Clemens 961 (E--808576, N, Po--69588); G. Jermy s.n. [190] (N). Bowie Co.: Letterman s.n, [Texarkana] (D--563167, E- = Soe N). Prazos Co.: H. B. Parks s.n. [College Station, 1919] (Tr). Brown Co.: E. J. Palmer 29537 (A). Dallas Co.: sae : Lundell 9352 (N). Erath Co.: Laugh s.n. [5-18-21] (Au). Goliad Co.: C.B. Williams 57 (D--628993). Warris Co.: G. L. Fisher s.n. {escaped fron cultivation, Ilouston, July 21, 1917] (i). Maverick Co.: C. C. Albers 33005 (Au). Real C@.: Cory 34773 (N, WN). San Augustine Co.: Crocket s.n. [San Augustine] (ti--500096). Tarrant Co.: Ruth 993 itIt, It, Ka--67791, St--21):):3), 1362 (N, Nt). Travis Co.: F. A. Barkley 13081 (Al); Barkley & Copeland 71 (Au, N); A. Gabriel 3802 (J); Har Harpin, Waldorf, & - Barkley 13081 (Au, N); Herb. Univ. Texas s.n. [Austin, B/IL/191 (Au); MeKee & Wesley 3397 (Au, , AU); E. De Schulz sen. [Austin, August 1921] (i, Wi). County undeter- mined: "Tharp s.n. (Io--10),90h) . NEW MEXICO: Dona Ana Co.: P. C. Standley s.n. [College Farm, June 19, 1906] (W--5603862). HISPANI- OLA: Dominican Republic: eee 757, host (It); Eggers 285 (B); Howard 2 Howard 9942 (N). Haiti: Bolte ane Este Dom.] (Cb, Cb, fe DB. E--116131). P PUERTO RICO: Otero #il (N). SAINT THOMAS: Eg- gers 795 (B, B, B, Br, Cb, Gg--31L75, Le, hu--3397, P, V, Vu), s. n. n. [Sept. 1382] (i—-13233)7) ; Krebs s.n. [9/3/18h] (B22 3795). SAINT CROIX: Herb. Hort. Bot. Haun. sS.n. (Bz--23796); Herb. Kus. Bot. Lund. s.n. [St. Crux] (Lu); Herb. Univ. Christian. s.n Sone (Ol). SAINT KITTS: Forsstrtm s.n. (S). ANTIGUA: Herb. Hooker f. san. (V). GUADELOUPE: Bertero s.n. (Dc). GRENADA: G. W. Smith 68 (B). WEST INDIES: Island undetermined: Penzon s.n. [1820] y (Cp); Collector undesignated s.n. (Us); Herb. Liebmann s.n. (Cp); Herb. Lund, s.n. (Cp). BRITISH H GUIANA: Dahlgren ¢: Persaud ud "bis" (Poa 519818), s sen. [April 22, 1922] (F--519317). SURINAM: Collector undesignated . 1209 (Ut), s.n. (D)5 Voltz s.n. (Ut, Ut); Wullschlx- gel 1089 (Gt). BRAZIL: Pard: Monteiro da Costa 159 (F--68547h, 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 175 N). Rio de Janeiro: Rudio s.n. (B). FRANCE: C. Alstroemer s.n, [Provence] (S); Arbost s.n. sen. [8 octobre eat “(ar); Authenan n 5467 (Du); C. Bertrand 363 (1 La); F F. C. Bertrand s.n. (St. Aygulf] ~ (La, Ma--2)572) Cavin sen. [Cap Martin prés l.enton, Sept. 1890] (Ur), Son. ae. pe a) Guillon S Me (Portonudret, 26 aout 1870] = (S); Herb. Perrier s.n. Fora (Ur); Jaques s.n. pea 28 juillet 1905] (Go); Jaquet sen. [Antibes] (S); R. Koehler s.n. [Septembre 1902] (Go); Montayne sen. [6 juin 1833] (Du--1665)1), s.n. [juillet 1838] (Du--16652); Pe Penchinat s.n. [Baenitz 836] (S)3 E. Perrier s.n. [Béziers, June 1362] (Na); Perris s.n. [Nar- bonne, 139] (D (Du=-1665) ; N. Roux son. [8 October 1908] (Br); Je Schmidt son. [Juli 31.90] (La); Te Schultz 1207 (Du); Théven- eau sen. [29 juill. 1367] (La); Vahl s.n. Bate tole ~ PORTUGAL: A. A. Moll- er er 157 — (Br). SPAIN: Bourgeau 2788 (N); Luglio Son. [1358] (Du); Sennen nen 4,29 (Du, Lass), 9lh (VI-VII, fis.) (Ba), > 91h [6-IX, fr.] (Ba), Sen. [18/8/1906] (Go), s.n. [1919/5/1X] (Br); Veyreda s.n. [Gerona, 2 20 aout 1876] (Go). BALEARIC ISLANDS: Majorca: Bianor — Marie sen. [1919.18 seprembre] (Br); Bourgeau 2788 (Du); Kne Knoche 139-2619 (Du, Du, Du, Du), 201a-2019 (Du), XB.236 (Du). Minorca: J. J. Rodriguez s.n. (Du). GERMANY: Fischer 122 (Io--35293). GREECE: Baldacci s.n. [Epirus, Julio Lue (Br); Cyrén s.n. [Ag- rinion, 15.6.193k] (S), sen. [Agrinion, 15.6.1935] (S); Eng Engel- hardt s.n. [3.3.190)] (la); Frivaldsky an. [vacedonia] (1); a s.n. [6/5/1931] (S)3; Meldreich 599 (S); Htfhel 1880 (La); . Martens s.n. (Br); Mattfeld 2035 (Au, Du--172311, $), 26hu The |, Du--172312, S), s ete (Ca--3969hh) j Pinatzi 23 (I); Sintenis & Bornntiller 137 (Br, Du, S); li. F. Spencer s.n. .. [Graecia] (Ob-- 6732); Zvorykin in 646 (Gg-~203670) « IONIAN ISLANDS: Cephalonia: Schimper ¢: | Wiest s. son. [16 Oct. 1834] (S). AHGEAN ISLANDS: Rhodes: Hedenborg s.n. [1853] (S). ITALY: C. Bicknell s.n. [Liguria, 16. IX.1390] (S), sen. [Liguria, 11 Julio 1392] (Br, Br, C, N), sn. [V.1902] (S), sen. Recheen cael 8.X.1910] (0a); Carnel s.n. {Et- rusca] (C); Cosson sn. ({Calabria, 16 juill. 186] (Br); Gavioli sen. [3.VIII. 41938) (1 (D5 Gobelli s.n. [10 Agosto 1833] (Ur); Gresino s.n. [28.VIII.1938] (i (i, N, N); layek s.n. [Isturia, 9 Juli 1900] (Go), s.n. [7 September 1913] (Go); Herb. Coll. Pharnm- acy s.n. (Pa); Herb. | Harvey s.n. [Trieste] (Du--1655)0); Herb. Hort. Bot. Pisa s.n. [1036] (Du, S), s sn. [1856] (Go), sn. (C); Herb. Martius s.n. [Triest, 2 ¥. 56] (@ Br); Herb. R. Mus. iS. Flor- ent. s.n. (Pa); Herb. Tap s.n. (Liguria, August 1906] (ta); Mo Mori Sen. [Agosto 1933] 3] (Ew); Reiner sen. [Tergesti] (Br); Savi 1995 (Br), s.n. [Agosto 181] (Br); C. Skottsberg s.n. (21/7/193L] _ (Go); Stein s.n. [Tyrol] (Br) ;Todaro s.n. (Br, S); Tommasini s.n. 176 PHY 2.04) OGD ae Vol. 5, NGwas [Illirica] (Br), s.n. [Monfalcone, Illyria] (Ms); Van Heurck s.n. [prés Naples, 1868] (Br); E. Wall 49 [15/52] (Ew); Waterer-s.n. [9.VIII. 1921} (Go); Watson s.n. [Trieste, 9-VIII-1921] (S). CYP- RUS: H. Lindberg s.n. [22.7.1538] (S); Sintenis 683 (S); Sintenis & Rigo 683 (Du). SICILY: Babington s.n. [July 1847] (C); Herb. Mus. Bot. Stockholm s.n. [Messina] (S); Kuntze s.n. [Taormina] (M3 face oo S.N. eee 1849] (S); EH. Ross 365 (Go, S), son. [Catania, VIII.13] (S); Kk. F. Spencer s.n. sche Le iad “IE .1895] (Ob- 6731) 3 aie aN 1,00 (Du, La, S). CORSICA: Aellen 1856 (Go, L, Ly Hee Caldesi s.n. A A 3 1850] (S); O. Debeaux s.n. [31 juillet 1870] (S); Evers s.n. [Insula Clara] (Go); Gysperger sen. (7.7. 05] (Gg--31476, Go); Herb. d'Udekem s.n. [Corse, 183h] (Br); Herb, Harvey s.n. (Du--166538) ; Herb, Martius sen. (Br); Jacque- mont s.n. [Hennecart, Corse] (N); E. Reverchon 272 (Br, Du, N)3 Sellen 1356 (Ms). SARDINIA: Vaccari 15 (Vt), 356 (Vt), sen. [1895] (Go). CRETE: K. H. Rechinger 1399 (S); E E. Reverchon 185 (Br, S); Sieber s.n. ~ [Suda] (Be. 5) jo aes sen. (M). MALTA: Delicata s.n. [Malta] (S). JUGOSLAVIA: Dalmatia: H. Now sen. (Du); Petter 13 (S), sen. (Go); Sogska s.n. [1).VII. 28] (S). Fiume: Lejeune _ SoD. [Fiume] (Br); F. 2 We. Now 329 (Br, S); H. No’ s.n. [Huter 329] (Go, Po--6),769) ; Rossi s.n. [8.1873] (Du--9523); Untekj s.n. (S). Herzegovinia: llerb. Engelhardt s.n. [31/8/1900] (Vt); Laus s.n. [Moster, VII.1912] (N); Kurbeck s.n. [/7/1889] (S). Ischia: Lev- ier s.n. [10 Sept. 1876] (Go). Istria: Gernjauski s.n. [Erceg- _ Novi, 22.VI1.27] (S); Hruby s.n. [Lovrana, 7.1939] (S); Rossi s. ne (La). Montenegro: L. Gro Gross s.n. (Go); Pejovic s Sn. [Rohlena, _ VII .933] (S). OSSERO ISLAND: H. No& s.n. [Osseri Isl.] (Pa). UNION OF SOCIALIST SOVIET REPUBLICS: Transcaucasia: Grosshin )9 (Go). Turkmenskaya: Michelson 87 (Gg--253261, S); Sintenis 6))5— (S$). MOROCCO: Cosson s.n. [21 Mai 1877] (Pa). ALGERIA: Dukerley sen. [Prov. de Constantine] (Br); Piré s.n. ities’ (Br). LASCAR- ENE ISLANDS: Mauritius: Grondal s.n. (S). TURKEY: J. Berggren 1) (S); Callier 171 (Du, S, S); Fleischer s.n. [Smyrnae, 1827] (Br, Ge--31h7h, S); lalacsy 137 (S); Hedenborg s.n. [Turkiet] aa Herb, Prager 18678 (Gg (Gg); Ledebour 1 1h (S); Manissadjian 133 (S), 496 (S); Montbret s.n. [Smyrne, Nov. 16)] (Du--1665l5); Peronin 196 (Du, S); Sintenis 151) (Br); Zensrey 29 (S), ho (Ew). ISRAEL: Hafstrtm sen. (27/4/1932) (Go). LEBANON: Herb. D. Jon s. n. [Beyrout] (Br); Herb. Martius s.n. [banks of ‘Nani-el-Belrutly (Br); Herb. Univ. Mass. sen. [Beirut, rut, July 183)] (Ms); F. A. Post sen. [Leirut, June 16, '71] (Pa). SYRIA! Haptrtm s.n. (8/6/1932) (S); F. A. Post 376 (Pa); Samuelsson 2198 (S); V (S); Vetters sen. [Lat- takia, VI-V1I11.1907] (V--72h). IRAQ: Field & Lazar 818 8 (Du=- 21;3398, Du--270893). PAKISTAN: Sind: Herb. Cooke Son. n. [Sukkar, Dec. '91] (Mi). CITIINA: Province undetermined: Fortune 25 [Koo- long] (S). FORMOSA: Gressitt s.n. [Kuraru, lay diet (S). . E : : Each number consists of not less than 32 pages. All manuscript ij will be published in the next issue, so that the size of numbers greatly. A volume will contain about 32 signatures, 512 pages, or or number of pages with an equivalent number of plates. This plan sete scndth publication of all accepted manuscript. Illustrations will be published according to the desires of the extra charge is made for line drawings, such as are ordinarily re zinc, or for diagrams, tables, or charts, provided they conform to ce limitations of size and proportion, An extra charge. will be mai se about 52. 25. Articles dealing with research in all lines i botany, in any ‘Te length, biographical sketches, and critical reviews and summa ature will be considered for publication. Floristic lists, casual amateur or so-called popular type, and polemics will not be publis on the suitability of manuscripts will be solicited, if beectargen 2 rom fied botanists. py . to change without ‘hci, since it depends IES ERS Spy on the Pr in the printing industry. Reprints will be furnished at cost. A proportionate fraction , of 250 copies is also furnished erate to contributors. ; Hes VRS ok KA lle Bed. Phy preparation of ‘Meacubacti’ or further information about ue’ quinies ay be hut ran to the agian * or to either: editor. ih REW YOR! i ie i i jou BOTANICA HYTOLOGIA _ Designed to expedite botanical publication April, 1955 win Calentinook avehun Yonkers 5, New York e t ) 4 ‘ ety ‘ i ‘ . \y de 1 } ' 3 ; t 4 ‘ « { : ; f Al Ss . , d f al ‘ : fi U 4 rs , ’ s : apes oi i ‘ * r \ \ 4 Sy uy: ¥ a } \ pa 5 7 zee m ty i i at rh trl Ty sy be FAR i vie MEes Sy a Vad pid Me vu ) a rl y, s } ‘i M NOTES ON BROMELIACHAE. V Lyman B, Smith MEXICO TILLANDSIA INTUMESCENS L. B, Smith, sp. nov. T, inflatam Mez in memoriam revocans sed bracteis florigeris semper densissime imbricatis, carinatis, haud glaucis, sepalis posterioribus alato-carinatis differt. Plant over 6 dm. high; leaves numerous in an infundibulifornm rosette, 85 cm. long, covered with pale appressed scales, sheaths elliptic, ample, 15 cm. long, often purple, blades very narrowly triangular, about 5 cm. wide at base; scape curved, stout; scape—bracts densely imbricate, subfoliaceous with roseate bases, their blades exceeding the inflorescence; inflo- rescence subdensely bipinnate; primary bracts with broadly ovate sheaths several times shorter than the spikes but blades exceed- ing the lower ones; spikes pinnately arranged, spreading, sub- sessile, lance-oblong, acute, thick but distinctly complanate, 10-12 cm. long, 30-35 mm, wide; floral bracts very densely imbricate, very broadly ovate, 4 cm. long, 3 cm. wide, exceeding the sepals, acute, apiculate, broadly convex, carinate, thin- coriaceous and verrucose when dry, roseate; flowers subsessile; sepals lanceolate, acute, 25 mm. long, the posterior ones short- connate and alate-—carinate; vetals 45 mn, long, violet, stamens exserted. Pl. I, fig. 1: Spike x 1/2; fig. 2: Ventral side of floral bract x 1; fig. 3: Posterior sepal xl. Type in the U. S, National Herbarium, no. 2144662, collected on dry slopes in high woods, between Ixtapantongo and La Junta, altitude 600-800 meters, April 24-25, 1954, by B. Matuda (no. 30665). MEXICO: MEXICO: Moist slopes, mouth of arroyo, Ixtapan de la Sal, alt. 1800 m., April 2, 1952, Matuda 26160 (US). Moist slopes, mixed oak and pine woods, Canada de Nanchititla, alt. 1600 m., May 25-26, 1954, Matuda 30793 (US); 30794 (US). Owing to the rather firm texture of its floral bracts, this species would fall next to T. calothyrsus Mez in the key in the North American Flora (19: 108. 1938). However, the tripinnate inflorescence and narrow spikes of T, calothyrsus make it resemble T. intumescens much less than T, inflata Mez does. VENEZUELA PITCAIRNIA TYMPANI L, B, Smith, sp. nov. P, microcalycem Baker simulans sed sepalis oblongis obtusis, petalis nudis differt. Incompletely known, solitary and 2 m. high (! Hanbury-Tracy); leaves homomorphic and entire so far as known, over 1] dm, long, glabrous above, obscurely appressed-lepidote beneath, narrowed above the large elliptic sheath but not truly petiolate, bearing Lat 178 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5; NOs @ a narrow pale median channel, blade linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 35 mm. wide; upper part of scape 8 mm, thick, glabrous, red; its bracts shorter than the internodes, very narrowly triangular; inflorescence simple, densely many-flowered, 23 cm, long, white- flocculose (7? or infected with a fungus); floral bracts very narrowly triangular, much exceeding the pedicels, thin; pedicels slender, 5 mm, long; flowers spreading; sepals oblong, obtuse, 18 mm, long, ecarinate; petals linear, 5 cm, long, naked, yellow (! Hanbury-Tracy); stamens included; ovary 2/3 superior; ovules caudate. Pl. I, fig. 4: leaf x 1/10; fig. 5: Flower x 1; fig, 6: Sepals xl. Type in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, col- lected in moist dells and thickets between the bare edges of the paramo, on western and northwestern slopes only, Pdéramo del Tambor, State of Mérida, Venezuela, altitude 2,820 meters, August 23, 1938, by J. Hanbury-Tracy (No. 60). Duplicate in the U. S. National Herbarium. COLOMBIA GUZMANIA ANGUSTIFOLIA (Baker) Wittm. var. NIVEA L. B. Smith, var. nov. A var. angustifolia bracteis florigeris niveis differt. Floral bracts pure white. Type in the Gray Herbarium, collected at Las Mesas near Pepino, Territory of Putumayo, Colombia, altitude 1,350 meters, Movember 22, 1946, by M. B. & R. Foster (No. 2226). PITCAIRNIA BULBOSA L. B. Smith, sp. nov. A P, patentiflora L. B. Smith, cui affinis, omnibus partibus robustioribus, pedicellis brevibus, costatis, quam bracteis florigeris haud vel vix longioribus differt. Stemless, over 1m, high; leaves numerous, 5 dm. long, sheaths suborbicular, 3 cm, in diameter, dark castaneous, forming a con- pact pseudobulb 8 cm. in diameter, blades very narrowly triangu- lar, acuminate, pungent, not at all narrowed at the base, 25 mn, wide, covered with a membrane of coalesced cinereous scales, becoming glabrous above, very laxly serrate with uncinate antrorse spines 2 mm, long; scape unknown; inflorescence laxly bipinnate, red, sparsely pale-lepidote becoming glabrous; primary bracts narrowly triangular, acuminate, 10 cm, long, exceeding the short peduncle; branches spreading-ascending, laxly many- flowered, 35 cm, long; floral bracts broadly elliptic, acute, 10 mm, long, equaling or slightly shorter than the stout costate pedicels; flowers spreading; sepals linear, lanceolate, acute, 35 mm. long, ecarinate, sulcate with age; petals about 45 mn. long, greenish white, naked; ovary slightly more than half in- ferior; seeds alate. Plate I, fig. 7: Base of leaf, dorsal side x 1/2; fig. 8: Flower x1; fig. 9: Sepal x1; fig. 10: Seed x 5. Type in the U. S, National Herbarium, Nos, 1987787 and 1937788, collected in dry rich soil in crevices of an enormous granite rock, by the Rio Atabano, Comisaria ot Vaupés, Colombia, 1955 Smith, Notes on Bromeliaceae 179 altitude 250 meters, November 27, 1948, by Jorge Araque Molina and Fred A. Barkley (No. 18-Va-228). PITCAIRNIA JOHANNIS L. B. Smith, sp. nov. Habitum petalaque P, stenophyllae André in animo revocans sed foliis homomorphis integrisque, bracteis florigeris brevibus differt. Ageregated, the flowering shoot 86 cm. high; leaves numer- ous, fasciculate, homomorphic, to 45 cm. long, glabrous at maturity, sheaths suborbicular, 1 cm, in diameter, dark cas- taneous, blades linear, filiform-acuminate, slightly narrowed toward base, 10 mm, wide, entire, bearing a conspicuous pale median channel; scape straight, very slender, sparsely white- flocculose becoming glabrous; scape-bracts strict, very narrowly triangular, the uppermost much shorter than the internodes; inflorescence simple, lax, 25 cm. long, sparsely white-flocculose; floral bracts elliptic, acute, shorter than the pedicels; flowers subspreading; pedicels slender, to 15 mm, long; sepals asymmetric, linear-—lanceolate, acute, 30 m, long, obtusely carinate; petals narrowly oblanceolate, acum- inate, 4 cm. long, white, appendaged; stamens incliviad: ovary 2/3 superior; ovules caudate. Pl. I, fig. 11: Base of leaf x 1/2; fig. 12: Flower x 1; fig. 13: Sepal xl. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 1,995,440, col- lected in crevices of sandstone, Quebrada Boquerona, at confluence with Quebrada La Putana, west of Cordillera de ~La Paz, Department of Santander, Colombia, altitude 200 meters, latitude 7° 5' north, longitude 73° 30' west, July 7, 1944, by H. St. John (No. 20554). PITCAIRNIA TRIMORPHA L. B. Smith, sp. nov. A P, stenophylla André, cui affinis laminis foliorum lati- oribus, bracteis florigeris quam pedicellis plerumque breviori- bus, apiculatis, sepalis majoribus differt. Stemless, about 1 m. high; leaves numerous, fascicled, sheaths broadly ovate, 3 cm, long, dark castaneous, entire, blades glabrous, trimorphic, the outermost small, linear, spinose-serrate, persistent, the next elliptic, entire, brown when dry, 5-8 cm. long, the innermost green, deciduous along a straight transverse line, linear, acuminate, narrowed slightly toward base, 6-8 dm. long, 20 mm, wide, entire; scape erect, slender; scape-bracts very narrowly triangular, filiform-acuminate, the highest shorter than the internodes; inflorescence simple or few-branched; primary bracts shorter than the sterile bases of the branches; racemes lax, 12-25 cm. long, sparsely white-flocculose, becoming glabrous; floral bracts elliptic, apiculate, all but the lowest distinctly shorter than the pedicels; flowers divergent; pedicels slender, 11 mm, long; sepals linear-~lanceolate, acute, 33 mm, long, ecarinate; petals white, 5 cm. long, bearing a truncate scale at base; ovary 4/5 superior; ovules caudate. Pl. II, fig. 1: Leaf-blade x 1/10; fig. 2: Flower x 1; fig, 3: Sepal xl. 180 PUR Se 0G: eR VoL. 5, nOss5 Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, Nos. 1,987,774 and ~ 1,987,775, Collected in rocky granitic soil, subarid wooded valley, Pailas, 5 kilometers south of Pie de Cuesta, Department of Santander, Colombia, altitude 950 meters, December 16, 1948, by Jorge Araque Molina and Fred A, Barkley (No. 18-S-238). PUYA BARKIEYANA L. B. Smith, sp. nov. P. killipii Cuatrecasas proxima sed laminis foliorum utringue dense lepidotis, bracteis florigeris vix lucidis, sepalis diutine albido-lanatis. Stemless, 1 m. high; leaves numerous, to 4 em, long, sheaths broadly ovate, 5 cm, long, nearly white except for the dark castaneous apex, glabrous, blades linear, acuminate, pungent, 2 cm, wide, covered on both sides with fine appressed cinereous scales, laxly serrate with minute ascending spines; scape stout, erect; scape-—bracts strict, imbricate, ovate, glabrous, brown and slightly lustrous, the lower ones with small foliaceous blades; inflorescence subdensely racemose, 45 em, long; axis stout; floral bracts straight, orbicular with a narrowly tri- angular minutely serrate apex, 5 cm. long, about equaling the sepals, thin, brown, glabrous, slightly lustrous; oedicels slender, 25 mn. long, white-lanate; sepals oblong, broadly acute, 28 mm, long, 7 mm. wide, nerved, persistently white- lanate; capsule subglobose, 2 cm. long. Pl. II, fig. 4: Section of leaf x 1; fig. 5: Flower x 1; fig. 6: Floral bract x 1/2; fig. 7: Sepal xl. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, Nos. 1,987,781 and 1.987, 782, collected on very dry clay soil with few rocks, open fields on mountain crest, 2 kilometers from Berlin, Department of Santander, Colombia, altitude 2890 meters, December 18, 1948, by Jorge Araque Molina and Fred A, Barkley (No. 18-S—4Ol) PUYA GARGANTAE L. B. Smith, sp. nov. A P. santanderensis Cuatrecasas, cui affinis, inflorescentia anguste cylindrica, sepalis acuminatis differt. Stemless, 8 dm. high; leaves numerous, 20 cm. long, sheaths suborbicular, 3 cm, in diameter, entire, white, glabrous, blades linear, acuminate, 15 mm. wide, glabrous above, covered beneath with avpressed cinereous scales, bearing coarse spread- ing scales on the margin, very laxly serrate with dark spread- ing straight or uncinate spines 2.5 mm. long; scape erect, stout; scape-bracts strict, densely imbricate, elliptic, brown and subchartaceous when dry, pale-lanate becoming glabrous, all but the highest with foliaceous blades; inflorescence simple, slenderly cylindric, 25 em, long, about 4 cm. in diameter in fruit, pale-lanate; floral bracts straight, densely imbricate, ovate, acuminate, 6 cm, long, much exceeding the sepals, entire, membranaceous, brown with finely crisped margins when dry; pedicels subcylindric, slender, & mm, long; sepals ellip- tic, ecuminate, 27 mm, long, membranaceous; petals twisted together after anthesis; capsule subglose, 15 mm. long. Pl. IJ fig. 8: Base of leaf x 1/2; fig. 9: Ventral side of flower and 1955 Smith, Notes on Bromeliaceae 181 floral bract x 1; fig. 10: Sepal xl. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, Nos, 1,989,504 and 1,989,505, collected on paramo, between La Laguna and Nariz de Judfo, Mutiscua, Department of Norte de Santander, Colombia, June 19, 1946, by Miguel de Garganta (No. 1197). Isotype in the Chicago Natural History Museu. PUYA GRANTII L. B. Smith, sp. nov, P. lineata Mez in systema Mezii proxima sed scapi bracteis supremis laxioribus, bracteis florigeris integris, sepalis duplo majoribus differt. Stemless, 5 dm, high; leaves numerous, 3 dm, long, sheaths suborbicular, 3 cm. in diameter, white and glabrous except the extreme apex, blades linear, acuminate, pungent, 2 cm. wide, glabrous above, covered beneath with subappressed cinereous scales, laxly serrate with pale slender ascending spines 3 mn. long; scape erect, 1 cm, in diameter, finely white-flocculose, becoming glabrous; lowest scape-—bracts foliaceous and densely imbricate, the highest barely equaling the internodes and exposing most of the scape, ovate, acute, subchartaceous, dark red; inflorescence simple, 12 cm, long, lax at base, finely wiite-flocculose; floral bracts like the upper scape- bracts, 35 mm. long, entire, slightly exceeded by the sepals; flowers divergent to spreading; pedicels cylindric, 10 mn, long; sepals lance-oblong, broadly acute, 34 mm, long, ecari- nate, thick, coriaceous; petals twisted together after anthe- sis; capsule stout-ellipsoid, 2 cm, long. Pl. II, fig. 11: Base of leaf x1; fig. 12: Flower x 1/2; Fig. 13: Sepal xl. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 1,995,461, collected on paramo, Sierra de Perijé, 25 kilometers east of Codazzi, on the Venezuelan border, Department of Magdalena, Colombia, altitude 3000 meters, February 17, 1945, by Martin L. Grant (No. 10980). ECUADOR TILLANDSIA CYANEA Linden ex K, Koch var, BLATIOR L, B. Smith, var, nov, A var. cyanea scapo valde altiore differt. Scape to 29 cm, high. Type in the Riksmuseet, Stockholm, collected about 27 km. from Chiriboga in the direction of Santo Domingo de los Colorados, Province of Pichincha, Ecuador, altitude ca. 2,000 ' meters, December 1952, by F. Fagerlind and G,. Wibom (No. 1947). In my revision covering Tillandsia cyanea (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb, 29: 451. 1951), it is separated from T, lindenii by its even floral bracts. At first glance the present variety resembles T, lindenii because of its elongate scape, but shows its true affinity with T, cyanea not only by its floral bracts but also by its carinate sepals. 182 Perny FO TOG T-k Vol. 5, no. 5 Plate I ry y “i Fig, 1-3: Tillandsia intumescens; fig, 4-6: Pitcairnia tympani; fig. 7-10: P. bulbosa; fig. 11-13: P. johannis, 1955 Smith, Notes on Bromeliaceae 183 Plate II Fig. 1-3: Pitcairnia trimorpha; fig. 4-7: Puya barkleyana; fig. 8-10: P. gargantae; fig. 11-13: P. grantii. BERGIA IN CUBA Joseph V. Monachino In 1866 Grisebach described Bergia sessiliflora from a wet meadow in Bayamo, Oriente, Cuba. The present writer early sus- ‘pected the species to be the introduced B, capensis, and exami- nation of a type number (Wright 2542) borrowed from the Gray Herbarium proved this definitely the case. Grisebach's name therefore takes its place in synonymy as follows: BERGIA CAPENSIS L., Mant. 2:21. argent E B, aquatica Roxb., Coromand, 2:22, t. 12. 1798. B, verticillata Willd., Sp. Pl. 2:770. 1799. Elatine luxurians Delile, Fl. Egypte (Mém. Bot. Extraits...72, | eo, tae 1) 6 OTS, E. verticillata W. & A., Prodr. 1. 183. Bergia sessiliflora Gr., Cat. Pl. Cub. 0 (correction on p.287). 1866. Linnaeus reported the species from the Cape of Good Hope, probably through error, His description otherwise holds rather well, Willdenow changed the specific epithet merely because the plant did not grow in the Cape. He gave the East Indies as its true station. The excellent plates presented by Roxburgh and by Delile clearly identify their species, The oldest illus- tration is that of Rheede ("Pala-Tsjira". Hort. Malab. 9:t. 78. 1689); the two most recent are those of Mayuranathan (Bull. Madras Gov. Mus., N. Ser. 2:t. 3, fig. D. 1929) and of Lasser (Bol. Soc. Venez. Cien, Nat. 8:159. 1943). Wight and Arnott cited under Elatine verticillata a Plukenet figure (Phytograph- ia, t. 132, fig. 6. 1691), but without justification. The sketch shows one of the branches pubescent, leaves entire, and the flowereglomerules in grouping and general habit different a those of B, capensis; it suggests Alternanthera sessilis lie) Re Bra Bergia capensis grows in wet places in India and North Af- rica, and it has been introduced to the West Indies and South America, The writer first studied the species eight years ago from a collection made by Father Arnoldo at Sabana, Bonaire (No. 411, Feb. 5, 1947; growing near water; specimen deposited in the Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden), and it was at that time that he suspected the true identity of B. sessili- flora, Recently he named another specimen, collected by Acufia, Bennet and Pujals in Cuba, Arrocera de Baré, Consolacién, Pinar del Rio (No, 1983, Dec. 16, 195); N.Y.B.G.). Sphenoclea zey- lanica Gaertner was also collected in the vicinity on the same day (No. 1948), Arrocera del Caribe; N.Y.B.G.). Another speci- men of B, capensis, from Haiti, was distributed as B, sessili- flora: E, LI. Ekman H. 2101, Plaine Cul-de-Sac, Port-au-Prince, Bon=Répos, in ditches, 9/10/2) (U.S.Nat.Herb. 3. B. sessiliflora 18), 1955 Monachino, Bergia in Cuba 185 is cited in Moscoso's Catalogus Florae Domingensis (193): "Plaine du Cul-de-Sac ad Beau", A Haitian collection by L, R, Holdridge, distributed as "Bergia sessiliflora", is a species of Elatine, probably new (No, 1575, Mare Etabli, Mornes des Commissaires, in standing water, Dec. 1), 1943; U.S.Nat.Herb., Mo.Bot.Gd.). It is relatively very large, long stemmed and lux= uriant, the leaves up to 15 mm, long and 5 mm, broad, elliptic- lanceolate, obscurely punctate-crenuate; flowers subsessile, stamens 3, styles 2; seeds almost straight, 0.66 mm. long, pits about 16 in each of the approximately 10 rows, In South Ameri- ca Svenson collected B. capensis in Western Ecuador, prov. Guayas, pool north of Ancén (No. 11033, March 22=23, 191; N.Y.B.G., U.S.Nat.Herb.); Macbride mentioned an Ecuador collec- tion (Svenson's?) in his Flora of Peru in 1941. Lasser (in the Boletin cited above) announced a discovery of B. capensis in Venezuela, collected by Tamayo in January, 1939, on the shores of ponds at Pueblo Nuevo, Paraguana, The plant bore the vernace ular name "Marite", The author noted that the finding of this Species in Paraguana was of great interest for phytogeography; he referred to the Wagenerian Theory of the origin of continents and posed the question whether the presence of B, capensis in both Paraguana and Egypt might be attributed to parallel evolu- tion. Self-pollination has been reported for Bergia, The present writer has observed, in herbarium material, the anthers contact the stigmas as the flower matures and leave packets of pollen firmly agglutinated to them, or often the anthers themselves become attached to the stigmas where they remain even when the ripe capsule dehisces, In the matured flower of B, texana (Hook, ) Seubert the 5 short styles are spreading, cuneate and faintly 2=lobulate, The stigmatic portion face out and down- ward, The anthers are often seen separated from their filaments and dangling from the stigmas. The stamens opposite the sepals have the longer filaments; it appears that the anthers of these are the ones that become stuck to the stigmas, Seeds are pro- duced abundantly in B, capensis; they are about 0.5 mm. long, straight or slightly curved, blunt at both ends, and strongly pitted, It is probable that B, capensis will spread consider- ably in tropical America and it may be expected even in the southern United States, Sphenoclea zeylanica, which grows in a habitat similar to that of B. capensis, has been established in Louisiana since at least 1886 (Gray, Synop. Fl. N. Am.). The small hydrophytic family Elatinaceae has been allied with the Caryophyllaceae, Crassulaceae, Hypericaceae, etc.; its proper position is still provacatively speculative, It com- prises two closely related genera. Elatine is cosmopolitan in distribution; it is found as far north as Newfoundland. Bergia, on the other hand, is predominantly Old World tropical to warm temperate. With the elimination of B, sessiliflora from our native flora, there remain two American species to account for, B. texana has a wide range in the western United States and is 186 P/E TiO: GoTsk Vol. 5, no. 5 amply represented in the herbarium, Although there are Old World species resembling B, texana, such as B, ammannioides Roth (indumentum different, flowers smaller, seeds about half the length) and B. serrata Blanco (pedicels longer), none was found identical with it. hit. 3B. arenarioides (Cambess., ex St. Hil.) Fenzl was first described in 1629 from a collection by Sainte Hilaire "in paludosis prope vicum Salgado, in parte deserta occidentalique provinciae Minas Geraes," As far as could be learned, there is no report of a second collection. Niedenzu, who apparently examined a specimen, placed the species in a monotypic subsection, B, arenarioides is illustrated in St, Hilaire's Flora Brasiliae Meridionalis and in Martius! Flora Brasiliensis, It is a small radicant hairy resinescented herb with long-pedicelled single axillary flowers and smooth seeds, MATERIALS TOWARD A MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS VITEX. II Harold N. Moldenke VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS L. Additional literature: W. L. Phillips, Cat. Pl. Fairchild Trop. Gard. 41, 46, & 47. 199. In reference to the Standley collection of this species in Dona Ana County, New Mexico, in 1906, a letter received by me from Professor E. F. Castetter, dited January 31, 1955, states that in 27 years of botanical collecting in New liexico he has never yet seen this species in that state. Additional citations: CULTIVATED: Alabama: Hassan s.n. [Jef- ferson Co., July 1939, originally from Palestine} (Ba); Mohr Sig ii. [Pascacoula, June 28, 1890] (W--771905). Argentina: Stuckert 15585 (Cb), 18637 (Cb). se Ehrhard 266 (Vu); Fenz s.n. [H. B.V.] (V); Herb. d'Aline s.n. [Lamotte, Vienne, 1839] (N); S Senn- holz s.n. [Vienna, 9/1894] (V). Barbados: Waby 115 (B). Belgium: Herb. Brux. s.n. (Br); Herb. Jardin Mercier s.n. (X); Lejeune s. n. [H. Leod.] (Br). Bermuda: Brown, Britton, & Wortley 17h2 (N). Brazil: Black 18-3635 (Be--38092). British | Guiana: Parker 5 SNe (K). California: Bard s.n. [Sept. 1, 1929] (Du--1937 71) ; Brad- bury s.n. [Letts, Hollywood, 7/18/1916] (Ba); Burtt Davy s.n. [TBerkeley, Sept. 25, 1899] (Ca--l1692) ; Condit s.n. [June 1], 1910] (Ca--l5851); Demaree 9272 (A, Au, Bt--1721h, E--1063702); We R. Dudley s.n. [2 Nov. - Nov. 190L] (A, Du--215323); Eastwood son. TSan Francisco, Oct. 1913] (Ge-~31h77), son. (Hollywood High School, Aug. 1915] (Ge--31477); H. M. Hall s.n. [Botanic Garden, Barkeley, Oct. 1902] (Ar--19753); Roxford s.n. (Fresno, Oct. 191] (A, Gg--31)79); Walther 361 (ii); C. B. Wolf 1407 (Rs-- 11098). Canada: Inglis s.n. [30 Sept. 1916, Ontario] (Ba). Cuba: 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 187 Acufia 19033 (Es); L. Gonzalez 16332 (Es, N). District of Columbia: A. C. V. S. Schott s.n. (U. S. P. garden] (F--l,3018); Seaman s.n. [Ag. grounds] (W--787601). Dominican Republic: Ekman H. H.15916 (B, N, S). Egypt: anes sen. [Oct. 1), 1880] ay England: Herb, Bentham s.n. Ed); Herb. Linnaeus G. 811, S.4 (Ls--type, N--photo of type, oe oto of type). Florida: H. H. Hume s.n. [Orlando, June , 1930] (Ba), s.n. (Gainesville, 25 May 1 1935) (Fl--211L1); McFarlin 5571 (I); O'Neill 1558 (I), s.n. [Orlando, June lh, 1930] (I); Rolfs s.n. [Lake City, May 2h, 109] (Ga); Sargent s.n. [Key West, May 26, 1898] (A); G. F. Weber s.n. [Gainesville, 6-30-32] (F-21112) . France: Bourdot s.n. [Aboulins, 25 sept. 1891] (01); Herb. Harvey sen. [h.R.P. 18))] (Du--1665)3) ; Herb. Hort. Bot. Paris. s.n. [10 aug. 1781] (V), Sen. (Cp, Cp); Herb. Jewett s.n, [Perpignan] (Mi, Mi); Herb. Ne Y. Economic Mus. 6016 (N); Herb. Schreber s.n. (itu--608) ; B. Maire s.n. [Jardin Botanique, 169]] (La). Georgia: Cuthbert s.n. [June 20, 1900] (F1--21138); B. B. Higgins s.n. [Griffin, 6/4/35] (Ga); "J. He M." E.1059 (Up); Mrs. Thompson s.n s.n. [streets of Smithville] (E--7887)3) « Germany : eas sen. [St¥d. Bot. Gart. Breslau, 15.9.1910] (Ba, Lt,’ 5, , Ur); Herb. Hort. Acad. Halensis s.n. (B); Herb. Hort. Bot. pene. s.n. (B); Herb. Hort. Erlangen s.n. (hu--606); Herb. Will- ich & Weiss Sen. (B); Rettig s.n. [Koehne 321] (By. Cb, Cp, Go, My--3895, S, Us, Vu); Zabel 1 (Ur), sen. [30.VIII. 1895] (Ba). Guadeloupe: pasbereatae = h Son. ~(P)3 Duss 1,201 (B, N); Quentin 63 (P). Illinois: E. E. Green s s.n. [Sept. 10, 1935] (Ba); We Ba, Wight 980 (Ar--19751). India: Gupta s.n. (Dehra Dun Herb. 2323] (S); Raizada 85 (N). Italy: Herb. Gttting. s.n. (Mi); Herb. Harv- ey s.n. [cult. in hort. ital. 1813] (Du--166539); Mori 800 (iis), Sen. [Agosto 1933] (Se--6927h) ; Vignolo-Lutati gata [6s 1X.1933] (N). Java: Herb. Lugd.-Bat. 908267-207 (Le). Kansas: Beach s.n. [September & October 1927] (Ob--50380); Clothier s.n. [lianhattan, Aug. 5, 1895] (Ka); Gates 1235 (Ka--69481, Mi), 15026, in part (Mi); Herb. Kans. State Agr. Coll. s.n. [July 20, 1901] (Ii, Mi). Louisiana: Langlois s.n. [St. Martinville, June 1879] (I); Pen- found & McCormick s.n. [Nov. 15, 190] (Tl). Maryland: Dowell 6525 (W--6)0462). Massachusetts: Dawson s.n. [Arnold Arb., Sept. i I, 1883] (Ba); Herb. Arnold Arb. s.n. [Sept. 26, 1913] (A); Reh- der sen. [Arn. Arb., Oct. Oct. 12, 1098] (E--116139) . Mississippi: Hocking s.n. [July 2, 1948] (N); Pierce s.n. [H. N. Moldenke 7586] (N). Missouri: J. A. Drushel 4205 1 1205 (E--8606)4),, Ur); Fendler Sn. OS M. B. G. 1861] (E--898979); Herb. ueeeour Bot. t. Gard. 132772 (E), sen. [Meehan's, 3/28/96] (E--11606L); . Kellogg s.n. [Sept. 20/06] (E--879119, Gg--130795), sen. ay 7 6/2 21) (E-- 905007) ; Robbins s.n. [Macon, 15 Oct. 1920] (8). Netherlands: Abeleven s.n. (Le, N- N--photo, Z--photo); Herb. Lugd.-Bat. 908267- 238 (Le), 708267218, in part (Le). New Jersey: Guyot s.n. [Prince- 188 Pa Yo? OO 1 & Vol. 5, no. 5 ton] (Pr). New York: Hartling s.n. [N. Y. Bot. Gard. Cult. Pl. 38788] (N); Herb. Brooklyn Bot. Gard. 110 (Ba); Horsey s.n. [Highland Park, Oct. 2, 1917] (Ba); Il. N. “N. Moldenke L078 (N); Nash sen. [N. Y. Bot. Gard. Cult. ty 3876] (N, N); New New York onal Agr. Herb. Cult. Pl. s.n. [Sept. 9, 1899] (It); Ls 5. Slater s.n. {August 2h, 1922] (Al); Sparrow sen. [Moldenke & - Moldenke nke 11905] (N); R. S. Williams s.n. (N.Y. Bot. Gard. Cult. Pl. 26155](N); S. H. Wright s.n. [Candia] (Mi). North Carolina: Biltmore Herb. 1786 (fls., July 27, 1897; fr., Sept. 27, 1896] (A, Ca--13975h, E--1161)7, F-37225, J, J, Mi, N, Ur, Vt, W--332106); Manning s. n. (Biltmore, June 26, 189] (Ba), s.n. [Biltmore, July 13, 159] (Ba); P. 0. See 2 9 (Bt--9882), s.n. [wWinston-Salem, 7/25/26] (vt), 53. [7/10/27] (Ge--200376, Hp), s.n. [7/1/31] (Or--28351), sen. [7/5/31] (Hp). Oklahoma: Brodell )) (Ob--8689); 0. H. Cal- vert 150 (St--2);300); H. Long 3 35 (St--928)) ; Prewett 88" (Bt-— 18572); Stratton 5565 (N); I. Watkins 27 (Id). Pennsylvania: Cc. Ee Smith 76 (D). Peru: A. Mathews Oh (Em, Br, Ed, K); Soukup 2930 (li). Russia: Herb. Instit. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. sen. (N). Saint Thomas: C. A. Ehrenberg 105 (B). Scotland: Herb. Univ. Ed- inb. s.n. (Ed). South Carolina: D D. S. vartin s.n. [Columbia] (J); T. Noisette s.n. [Caroline] (P). Ss Southern Nigeria: Dalziel 12)8 (K); Dawodu 9 (K). Southern Rhodesia: Oliphant s.n. [Govt. Herb. Salisbury 2221] (Rh). Spain: Hort. Thenensis ser. 182 s.n. (Br). Surinam: Wullschl#gel 105) (Br). Sweden: Herb. Mus. Bot. Stock- holm s.n. (S). Switzerland: Herb. DeCandolle s.n. (01); Herb. Heldreich s.n. [Hort. Genev. 1839] (B); Herb. Jard. Bot. Genév. Se. [25 Sept. 1935] (Cb, Cb, Cb, Cb). Tennessee: Bechtel BS (it); Jennison s.n. [U. T. campus, June 27, 1931] (Hs). Texas: | C. Albers 32019 (Au), 1003 (Au); L L. H. Bailey s.n. [Austin, = 22, 1918] (Ba); Bogusch 172 (Ur); Clemens & Clemens 960 (Ba, Po-- 69587), 962 (Po--6958]) ; Dapprich 8 8168 (Sm); G. L. Fisher 172) (W--719783); G. Jermy 163 (E--116137, Sa et > 588 (E--1h0930), sen. (N); Lundell & Lundell 9351 (Mi, N), 9352 (Ld, Mi, N); Metz sn. [Bexar Co., October 15, 1935] (I); C. M. Parker 1,309 (Au); Reeves lO (Ba), 195 (Cs); R. Runyon 258 ( iN, at ); Shaffer s.n. [July 12, 1950] (Ur); I. Shiller 870 (Au); Shinners 8582 (Sm); Studhalter 130 (Au); Tharp s.n. [Austin, 8/20/l1] (Sm); J. Le White’ 1,738 (Au). West Indies: Yon Rohr s.n. (Cp). LOCALITY OF COLLECTIO:: UNDETERMINED: Bonaparte s y Sens (Bre) 5 J. N. Buek 14629 [Fergestem] (La); Chaubard s.n. [Moice, 1363] (Br); Doyrolle s.n. [Europe merid. ted pe ce) «Benes Sen. ag. Beliss Aug. cag (3)3° ark, “RobtbeLi 5%. (Cp); ome ae beter en Sen. [Juillet 1867] (Br); Herb. Univ. Texas s.n. (Au); Moll s.n. [183] (Br); Piré s.n. [Zasiminem, Septembre 1863] (Br); Rothman s.n. [Gareau] 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 189 (S). MOUNTED ILLUSTRATIONS: Addisonia 1: pl. 18 (N); Fig. 6 (N), 1313 (1), 8666 (N). VITEX are f. ALBA (West.) Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 58). 1949. Literature: Castelli, Hort. Mess. 2). 160; Cupani, Hort. Cathol. Suppl. Alt. 6. 1697; West., Bot. Univ. 1: 311--312. 1770; Carr., Rev. Hort. 1870: 415. 1871; L. H. Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. 4: 1947. 1902; L. H. Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 6: 3481. 1917; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, [ed. 1], 777. 1927; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 0. 1939; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, 805 & 994. 1940; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 9. 19)0; Moldenke in Lundell, Fl. Texas 3 (1): 82. 19)2; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 51 & 52. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 5, 75, & 102. 192; Moldenke, Alph. List In- valid Names Suppl. 1: 1 & 28. 1917; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 168. 1948; Moldenke, Wrightia 1: 2)S—-2h6 . 198; Moldenke, Known Geogr. msiribi Vorbenac., [ed. 2], 10, 25, 165, & 200. 199; Rehd. Bibl. Cult. Trees $8). 1949; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 283, 28h, 29h & 378.°1950. Synonymy: Vitex flore albo Cast., Hort. Mess. 2). 160. Agnus castus flore albo Cup., Hort. Cathol. Suppl. Alt. 6. 1697. Vitex agnus castus 2. alba West., Bot. Univ. 1: 311. 1770. Vitex agnus= castus var. flore albo Tornabene, Atti Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania, ser. 2, 16: 119 & 125. 1860. Agnus castus vulgaris alba Carr., Rev. Hort. 1870: 15. 1871. Vitex acnus-castus var. alba Hort. ex Rehd. in L. Il. Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. lh: 1947. 1902. Vitex albiflora Hort. ex Rehd. in L. H. Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. l: 1947, in syn. 1902. Vitex agnus-castus var. alba Rehd. in L. H. Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 6: 3481. 1917. Agnus-castus vulgaris alba Carr. ex Rehd. in L. H. Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 6: 3481, in syn, 1917. Vitex agnus-castus alba West. ex Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, BOS & & 99. 190. Vitex agnus-castus var. alba West. ex Moldenke, "prelin. Alph,. List , Invalid Names LD. 1930. Vitex alba Heotinahs ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 9, in s syn. 190. Vitex Sohbet var. albiflora Haptrtm, in herb. This form differs from the typical form of the species in hav- ing white corollas. It has been collected in flower from June to August and in fruit from August to October. Dr. Bailey, in his unpublished list of dealers handling Verbenaceae, states that it is offered by the Junsle, Princeton, and Sanford dealers. Citations: FLORIDA: Highlands Co.: McFarlin 675 (Mi). TEXAS: Travis Co.: McKee & Wesley 3896 (Au). JUGOSLAVIA: Herzegovinia: Murbeck s.n. [10/7/1889] (Ss). SYRIA: Haptrtm s.n. [8/6/1932] (S). CULTIVATED: Massachusetts: Wilberding s.n. [Herb. Arnold Arb. 21858] (Ba), s.n. [Herb. Arnold Arb. 21858a] (Ba). District of Columbia: Tidestrom 5) (E--71692), 1085 (Ar--19752). Georgia: L. H. Bailey s.n. [Berckmans, Augusta 1917] (Ba). 190 PHY T':0 L0G IA Vol. 5, no. 5 VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS var. CAERULEA Rehd. in L. H. Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. h: 1917 [as "Hort."]. 1902. Literature: Zannich., Opusc. Posth. 21. 1730; Tornabene, Atti Accad,. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania, ser. 2, 16: 119. 1860; L. H. Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. 4: 1947. 1902; Moldenke, Suppl. List In- valid Names 10. 1941; Moldenke in Lundell, Fl. Texas 3 (1): 82. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 51. 192; lMoldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 75 & 102. 192; Meiden- ke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 28. 197; Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 58). 1949; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 100, 165, & 200. 199; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 378. 1950; Moldenke, Phytologia : 68. 1952. tis floribus caeruleis Zannich., Opusc. Posth. 21. 1730. Vitex floribus caeruleis Zannich. apud Tornabene, Atti Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania, ser. 2, 16: 119. 1860. Vitex agnus-castus var. caerulea Hort. ex Rehd. in L. H. Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. \: 197. 1902. Vitex agnus-castus var. caerulea L. ex Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names 10, in syn. 191. Viex agnus castus var. caerulea Hort. ex G. L. Fisher, Am. Bot. Exchange List, n.p. 196. Vitex agnus-castus var. coerulea Hort. ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 28, in syn. 197. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having blue or pale-blue (not lilac) corollas. It is said to be a shrub to 2 meters tall, flowering in July. Couch found it as an escape at the side of a road in a vacant lot, growing in sandy loam, in Dallas County, Texas, and reports that there was a "pe- culiar odor present", Joor found it "adventive" in Saint Bernard Parish, Louisiana. Rehder, in the reference cited above, reduced the variety to synonymy under the typical form of the species, probably because so many people are not able to distinguish be- tween blue and lilac. Citations: LOUISIANA: Saint Bernard Par.: Joor s.n. [July 29, 1887] (Tl). TEXAS: Dallas Co.: A. B. Couch 23 (Ur). URUGUAY: Rosengurtt B.3631 (N). ITALY: Bruni s.n. [Barletta, 18] (S). CULTIVATED: North Carolina: P. 0. Schallert 5 (N), 351 (Ur), sn. [7/20/h0] (Hp, Pl--125206), s.n. [6/20/)1] (Au). VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS f. LATIFOLIA (Mill.) Rehd., Journ. Arnold Arb. 20s 415.1939. Literature: Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8, no. 2. 1768; West., Univ. Bot. 1: 311--312. 1770; DC. & Lam., Fl. Frang. 2: 363. 1778; Duham., Traité Arbres & Arbust., ed. 2, 6: 115. 1812; Loud., Encycl. Pl. 520. 1829; Loud., Arb. Brit. 3: 1286. 1838; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 68). 1847; Tornabene, Atti Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania, ser. 2 [Fl. Foss. Etna], 122-126, pl. 3, fig. A'. 1860; Carr., Rev. Hort. 1870: 16. 1871; Horti- culture, ser. 2, 5: 350. 1927; B. R. Slade, Horticulture, ser. 2, 8: 552. 1930; Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Record 22: 7. 1933; Horti- culture, ser. 2, 11: 290. 1933; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 191 O. 1939; Rehd., Journ. Arnold Arb. 20: 15 & 28. 1939; Molden- ke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 9, 51, & 52. 190; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, 805. 190; Moldenke, Am. IMidl. Nat. 2h: 753--75l.. 190; Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names 10 & 12. 1941; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 75 & 102. 1942; Moldenke in Lundell, Fl. Texas 3 (1): 82. 19)2; Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 36, 37, & 43. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 51 & 53--55. 1942; Wisler, Swarthmore Pl, Notes, ed. 2, 1: 217. 19)2--19)3; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 28. 1947; N. Y. Herald Trib., sect. 5, p. 17 June 27, 1948; Stumpp & Walter, Seed Annual for 1948: 26. 1918; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 165 & 200. 1949; Moldenke, Anal. Inst. Biol. Mexico 20: 15. 1949; Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 58). 199; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 378 & 37/9. 1950; Stumpp & Walter, 1950 Garden Annual 81. 195u; P. Henderson, Autumn Planting Guide 17. 1950; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: h5h. 1951; Kelly Bros., 1951 Garden Book 5. 1951; Moldenke, Phytolo- ae h: 199. 1953; N. Y. Herald Trib., sec. 4, p. 16, Aug. 23, 1953. Illustrations: Tornabene, Atti Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catan- ia, ser. 2 [Fl. Foss. Etna], pl. 3, fig. A'. 1860; Horticulture, ser, 2, 5: 350. 1927; Horticulture, ser. 2, 8: 552. 1930; Horti- culture, ser. 2, ll: 290. 19333; Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 37. 1942; Stumpp & Walter, Seed Annual for 198: 26. 1948; Stumpp & Walter, 1950 Garden Annual 81. 1950; Kelly Bros., 1951 Garden Book 5. 1951. Synonymy: Vitex latifolia Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8, no. 2. 1768. Vitex agnus-castus var. latifolia West., Univ. Bot. 1: 311- 312. 1770. Vitex agnus-castus var. latifolia alba jest., Univ. Bot. 1: 311--312. 1770. Vitex verticillata DC. & Lam., Fl. Frang. 2: 363. 1778. Vitex agnus-castus var. latifolia Mill. ex Duham., Traité Arbres & Arbust., ed. 2, 6: 116. 1812. Vitex agnus-castus var. latifolia Loud., Encycl. Pl. 520. 1829. Vitex agnus castus var. latifolia Loud., Arb. Brit. 3: 1286. 1838. Vitex agnus castus var, latifolia (Mill.) Tornabene, Atti Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania, ser. 2 [Fl. Foss. Etna], 122--126, vol. 3, fig. A’. 1860. Agnus castus robusta Carr., Rev. Hort. 1870: 16. 1371. Vitex macrophylla Anon., Horticulture, ser. 2, 5: 350. 1927. Vitex agnus-castus var. macrophylla Hort. ex Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Record 22: 7. 1933. Vitex negundo var. macrophylla Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 0, nom. nud. (1939), Am. ifidl. Nat. 2h: 753--754. 1940. Vitex verticillata Lam. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph, List Invalid Names 52, in syn. 190. Vitex agnus-castus var. fossilis Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names ]9, hyponym. 190. Vitex macrophylla Hort. ex Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, 805, in syn. 190. Vitex agnus-castus var. latifol- ia Tornabene ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 19, in syn. 190. Vitex agnus-castus var. latifolia (Mill.) Loud. ex Moldenke, Am. Midl. Nat. 2h: 754. 1940. Vitex agnus-castus lati- folia Tornabene ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. I: 192 Pe YUE Ov Oo 3. B Vol. 5, no. 5 28, in syn. 1947. Vitex agnus-castus var. latifolia (Mill.) Tornabene ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 28, in syn. 197. This form differs from the typical form of the species in being hardier and more vigorous and in its densely many-flowered cymes, mostly simple panicles about 3.5 cm. wide during anthesis, larger flowers, and more uniformly large, oblong-lanceolate, and broad (to 2.5 cm. wide) leaflets which are 3--7 in number. It is a well-shaped shrub and the inflorescences tend to stand out di- vergently from the shrub. Even young plants not more than a foot tall may be expected to produce a few terminal flower-clusters on the new wood. The leaves are silver-green or grayish and are often described as "star-shaped" by gardeners because of their palmate nature. The variety is not well-marked botanically, how- ever, and tends to grade into the typical form of the species. The white-flowered condition may be worthy of special form des— ignation. When grown where it is fully hardy it may grow as much as ten feet tall and become almost as broad as tall, but farther north (above New York City, for instance) it makes a much shorter annu- al growth from the base after freezing back during the winter. Even when it does not die back to the ground, gardeners recommend that it be cut back to ground level in the early spring. This tends to produce a neat-appearing, shorter, and mostly bushy growth, From late June through August and even September it pro- duces terminally on the growth of that season very showy lilac, lavender-blue, deep lavender-blue, blue, or purple [or white] panicles of flowers. In August it usually attains its full glory -- at a time when few other shrubs are in bloom. It thrives best in a light sandy soil in full sunlight. It was formerly rare in American gardens, but now so many nurserymen offer it that it has become the commonest cultivated form. It is best suited for lawns or shrubby borders. It has been collected in flower in December and January in tropical climes and in the Southern Henisphere. Fruiting specimens have been obtained in October. Common names recorded for it are "chaste-tree", "rare chaste-tree", and "vitex' It has been found in the fossil form in Recent strata on or near Mount Etna in Italy. Rehder in Journ, Arnold Arb. 20: 28 (1939), Duhamel in his Traité Arbres et Arbustes, ed. 2, 6: 115--116 (1812), and others are of the opinion that the "Vitex latiore folio" of C. Bauhin, Pinax Theatr. Bot. 75 (1671), is a synonym of this form. How- ever, this name seems to be based on the Vitex latiore serrato folio of L'Obel, Pl. Stirp. Icon. 2: 139 (1581) and the Agnus folio serrato of J. Bauhin, Hist. Pl. Univers. 1 (6): 205 (1650) and both these names refer more properly to var. serrata Molden- ke. The same applies to the vlant referred to by Loiseleur, Houv. Duham. 6: 116 (1813), as cited by Rehder, which has the leaflets only occasionally with a few teeth near the apex. Dr. Bailey lists the following commercial sources for f. latifolia: Bay State, Bobbink & Atkins, Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 193 Cape Cod, Craig, Dreer, F. Gillet, McFarland, Michell, Outpost, Princeton, Sanford, Siebenthaler, Somerset, and Wayside. Two-to- three-foot plants sell for from 85 cents 0 $1.25 each, 3 plants for $2.25 to $3.50, and a dozen for $13.75. A second label on the United States National Herbarium sheet of Mohr s.n., cited below, is inscribed "cultivated, Mobile, June 1897", but it is not pests that this pertains to Life specimen on the sheet. Citations: FRANCE: Beaudouin s.n. [18/l/1886] (S); Loiseleur sen. [Toulon] (S). SPAIN: Sennen sen. (S). AUSTRIA: Hagdahl sn. [Wien] (S). ITALY: Herb. Kus. Bot. Stockholm s.n. (S); Watova s.n, [Olhy, IX.922] (Br). SICILY: Babington s.n. [Messina, 18)5— 1551] (C). CORSICA: C. F. Nyman s.n, [13 Aug. 1060] (S). JUCO- SLAVIA: Fiume: "R. M.S." sen. [August 186] (Br). MOROCCO: Evans s.n. (S); Quer 515 (S). ALGERIA: Piré s.n. [Algerie] (Br). TURKEY: Callier 171 (S). CULTIVATED: Massachusetts: C. E. Cross s.n. [8/12/36] (Ms); Rehder s.n. [Herb. Arnold Arb. 15613/],35-22] (A, N--photo, Z--photo). New York: L. H. Bailey s.n. [Aug. 26, 1928] (Ba), sen. [Sept. 5, 1929] (B 3a); H H. N. Moldenke 21251 (Hw, Le, Im, Z). North Carolina: Mohr s.n. (Asheville, July 1900] (i), s.n,. [Asheville, July 1910] Ti 771902) . California: McClintock sen. [July 1), 1943] (La); Walther 17) (Ba, Ba, N--photo, Z-- photo), 361 (A). Puerto Rico: Britton & Betton 9417 (N). Saint Thomas: ones A. Miller s.n. [Nelthropp 9] (i). Uruguay: Lombardo a ., LOCALITY OF ~ COLLECTION UNDETERMINED s Herb. Swartz sen. Ou VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS var. PSEUDO-NEGUNDO Hausskn. in Bornm., Pl. Strauss. 3: 117 [as "Agnus Castus'"]. 1907. Literature: Borsm., Pl. Strauss. 3: 117. 1907; Hand.-lazz., Ann, Hofmus. Wien 27: 08. 1913; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 29--30. 1941; Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names - 11. 191; Moldenke, Alph. List any alid Names 52 & 54. 1942; Moldenke, ie Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 53 & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 12h & 200. 19495 Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 295 & 379 (1950), 3: lish & 460 (1951), and h: 7h. 1952. Synonymy: Vitex pseudo-negundo (Hausskn.) Hand.-Mazz., Ann. Hofmus. Wien 27: O03. 1913. xvitex hybrida Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 29--30. 19h. Vitex pseudo-negundo Hand.-Mazz. ee Voldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 54, in syn. 19:2. Vitex agnus-castus var. pseudo-negundo (Hausskn.) Bornm, ex loldenke, Suppl. L;st Invalid Names 1, in syn. (191); Knowm Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., feds 1)5°53 & 102. 192, I am in doubt about the correct accredition of this trinomial and its place of publication. According to Hiandel-jiazzetti in the refer2nce cited above, his binomial V. pseudo-negundo is based on "Vitex acnus atte! var. pseudo-negundo lausskn. in Bornn., Pl. Strauss. 3: 117. (1907)". Thus far, however, I have been unable to find this reference. The Index Mewensis’ also 19h PHY TOP Q@ £ Vol. 5, no. 5 accredits the trinomial to Hausslmecht, but without place of pub- lication cited. I am grateful to botanical colleagues and libra- rians in various institutions for their help in attempting to locate this elusive trinomial's original publication. The taxon here being discussed has had a checkered history to date. In my 191 supplement, cited above, I reduced it to syno- nymy under V. agnus-castus L., while in my 192 Alph. List Inval- id Names I regarded it as a true species. l.eanwhile, in Phytolo- gia 2: 29-~30 (1941) I proposed the name xVitex hybrida for what I then supposed to be a natural hybrid between V. agnus-castus and V. negundo L. It was based on an unnumbered specimen collect- ed by Bhole in Sind, Pakistan, in July, 1891. I now feel that this specimen. represents what is currently called V. agnus-castus var. pseudo-negundo. The characters of this variety are more or less intermediate between those of V. agnus-castus and V. negundo, as was pointed out by Handel-Nazzetti, but it appears to grow mostly where one of the supposed parents does not occur. V. agnus- castus, in its typical form, is a Mediterranean plant, found wild from Portugal and Soain through southern France, Italy, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, the Balearic, Ionian, and Aegean Islands, Cy- prus, Crete, Malta, Jugoslavia, and Greece, north to southern Germany and Hungary, east to Transcaucasia, Turkmanskaya, and Sind, and south through Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, and Israel to Morocco and Algeria. It has been introduced and naturalized in Natal, the southeastern United States, and elsewhere. V. negundo, on the other hand, is found from the Northwestern Provinces of Pakistan, India, and Ceylon, through parts of China, Japan, Formosa, Hongkong, Hainan, the Lantau Islands, Annan, Cambodia, lalacca, and Penang, to the Philippines, Java, Sarawak, the Lesser Sunda Islands, and Guam; also in lauritius and liadagas- car, but probably there introduced. The so-called var. pseudo-negundo is known from Turkmanskaya and Turkey through Syria and Israel and east to Iran, Afghanis- tan, Baluchistan, and Sind. It is apparent, therefore, that the variety does not occur naturally anywhere with both supposed parents, although usually with one or the other, Eig, Feinbrun, & Zohary are of the opinion that it is a "sub-Irano-Turanian plant, penetrating into the Mediterranean region. We are some- what in doubt," they say on a large printed label, "about the specific value of the plant, which is closely related to V. agnus—castus, although it presents very distinct differential characters, such as a bearded lower lip and smaller corollas. Although the area of this species and that of V. agnus-castus partly overlap, we consider V. pseudo-negundo an Irano-Turanian plant, penetrating into the Mediterranean region, whereas V. agnus-castus is a plant of the Mediterranean element penetrating into the Irano-Turanian region. In Palestine we found V. pseudo— negundo from the Shefela and from different places in the Jordan Valley (both Upper and Lower). V. agnus-castus was found by us in the Sharon, in the Judean mountains, and in the Upper Galilee. 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 195 The habitat of V. pseudo-negundo is banks of watercourses, where itisa principal plant of the Viticetum pseudo-negundi. We have encountered this association (or one approaching it in composi- tion), with V. pseudo=negundo as the principal species, along rivers and wadies in Iraquian Kurdistan." It flowers in July and is a favorite host plant for the dodder, Cuscuta viticis Hand.- Mazz. Citations: UNION OF SOCIALIST SOVIET REPUBLICS: Turkmanskaya: Regel s.n. [VII-VIII. 1882] (Br). TURKEY: Sintenis 1305 (S). IS- RAEL: Amdursky 2380 (Bt--1046, Go, N, N--photo, Z--photo); Lig 280 (Gg--234155); Big, Feinbrun, & Zohary 280 (S); Feinbrun s.n. 76.6.9] (N, N, Ug), sen. [between Kefar Aba and Birwa, 6.6.9] (N, N, Ug), sen. [7.6.49] (N, Ug); Jouannet-Marie 60 (Du); Meyers & Dinsmore B.8172 (S); Samuelsson 645 (S); E. wall 9 [6/532] (Ew, N), 49 [27/432] (Ew). LEBANON: Gombault 009 (S). IRAN: K. H. Rechinger 1308 (S). AFGHANISTAN: Griffith 6059 (S). BALUCHI- STAN: Harsukh 20615 (V--10518). PAKISTAN: Sind: Bhola s.n. [July 1891] (Mi, N--photo, Z--photo). INDIA: State undetermined: Herb. Coll. Pharmacy s.n. [Lukkur] (Pa). VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS var. PSEUDO-NEGUNDO f. ALBIFLORA Moldenke, Phytologia h: 59. 1952. Literature: Moldenke, Phytologia ): 59 & 7h. 1952. This form differs from the typical form of the species in hav- ing white corollas. It is known thus far only from the type col- lection made by Dinsmore near water at Jesr-ul-Ghajir, at an al- tiyude of 160 meters, in the Dead Sea region of Israel, on Sep- tember 2h, 1921. Citations: ISRAEL: Dinsmore 172f (N--photo of type, S--type, Z--photo of type). VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS f. ROSEA Rehd., Journ. Arnold Arb. 20: )27-- 428. 1939. Literature: Rehd., Journ. Arnold Arb. 20: 27--28. 1939; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, 805. 1940; Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names 11. 191; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 5). 1942; Moldenke in Lundell, Fl. Texas 3 (1): 82. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 75 & 102. 192; liolden- ke, Phytologia 2: 348. 1947; Moldenke, Wrightia 1: 246. 198; Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees oat. 1949; hMioldenke, Known Geogr. Dis- trib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 165 & 200. 1949; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 378. 1950. Synonymy: Vitex macrophylla rosea Chenault ex Rehd., Journ. Arnold Arb. 20: 423, in syn. 1939. Vitex macrophylla var. rosea Hort. ex lioldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names ll, in syn. 19q1. This form differs from the typical form of the species in hav- ing pink corollas and broader leaflets approaching those of f. latifolia in size. It has been collected in anthesis in June. The type was collected by A. T. Sanford at Sanford Arboretun, Knoxville, Tennessee, on July 16, 1938, and is deposited in the herbarium of Arnold Arboretum at Jamaica Pjain, Mass. Another 196 PYByTeT Ot OG. 2 A Vol. 5, mouee specimen cited by Rehder is Herb. Arnold Arb. 02-37, received from Chenault at Orleans, France, in 1937, under the name of "Vitex macrophylla rosea". The type collection is said to be or- iginally from the same source. Citations: ITALY: Bruni s.n. [184] (S). SARDINIA: Collector undesignated s.n. [18)1] (Br). CULTIVATED: Texas: Lundell & Lun- dell 9351 (1d). VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS var. SERRATA Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. LO, nom. nud. (1939); Am. Midl. Nat. 2h: 753. 190. Literature: L'Obel, Pl. Stirp. Icon. 2: 139. 1581; J. Bauhiny Hist. Pl. Univers. 1 (6): 205. 1650; C. Bauvhin, Pinax Theatr. Bot. 475. 1671; Duham., Traité Arbres & Arbust., ed. 2, 6: 115-- 116. 1812; Loisel., Nouv. Duham. 6: 116. 1813; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 0. 1939; Rehd., Journ. Arnold Arb. 20: 28. 1939; Moldenke, Am. Midl. Nat. 2h: 753. 1940; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 75 & 102. 1942; Moldenke in Lundell, Fl. Texas 3 (1): 82. 19)2; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Dis- trib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 165 & 200. 199. Synonymy: Vitex latiore serrato folio L'Obel, Pl. Stirp. Icon. 2: 139. 1581. Agnus folio serrato J. Bauhin, Hist. Pl. Univers. 1 (6): 205. 1650. Vitex latiore folio C. Bauhin, Pinax Theatr. Bot. 475. 1671. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaflets rather distinctly serrate when mature, al- though sometimes the serrations are rather irresular or are con-= fined to near the apex of the leaflet-blades. Young leaves have the teeth rather obscure. The type was collected from a cultivated plant in the Hort. Bot. Noviomegensis [Nigmegen, Holland] by H. A. J. Abeleven and is mounted on a sheet in the Leiden herbarium along with material of the typical form of the species. The Royen collections agree well with the type, but have the teeth more irregular or more obscure. Their labels do not specify that they were taken from cultivated plants, but since they are from the Netherlands, I as- sume that they were in cultivation there. Rehder in Journ. Arnold Arb. 20: 15 & 423 (1939) is of the opinion that the plants described by L'Obel, C. Bauhin, J. Bauhin and Loiseleur are f, latifolia (Mill.) Rehd., but in my estima- tion they belong, rather, to var. serrata. L'Obel's figure shows the leaflets coarsely serrate, while Loiseleur's figure shows only a few teeth occasionally near their apex. Citations: CULTIVATED: Netherlands: Abeleven s.n. (Le--908267 -217--type, N--photo of tine, Z--photo of type); Royen s.n. (Le— 903267-2)3, in part, Le--903267-253, N). Germany: Nehder s.n. [Bot. Gard, Jena, Aug. 1905] (Ur). Bape VITEX AJUGAEFLORA Dop, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 57: 202. 1928. Literature: Dop, Bull. Soc. Ilist. Nat. Toulouse 57: 202. 1928; Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 9: 297. 1938; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 197 *Names 58. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 59, 75, 80, & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 137, 165, & 200. 199. Synonymy: Vitex ajugiflora P. Dop ex Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 9: 297, sphalm. 1930. This species is based on Poilane 68) and Pierre 1509 as co= types. Pierre describes it as a tree 30 meters tall, “cultivated at Saigon. Citations: CULTIVATED: Indochina: Pierre 1509 (N--cotype). VITEX ALTISSIMA L.f., Suppl. Pl. 29). 1781. Literature: L.f., Suppl. Pl. 29). 1781; Willd., Gesell. Natur- forsch. Freund, Berlin, Neue Schr. ): 203. 1803; Wall., Numer. Titec 10, 1755. 10293 Roxd., Pl, ind,’ 3% (1. cose, Peeneo, fr, Pilip., ed, 15° 516. 1837; Steud., Nom. Bot., ed. 2,°2: 777. 180; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 685. 1847; Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 4: pl. 1466. 189; Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 861, 1856; Drury, Useful Pl. India ihe. 1858; Dals. & Gibs., Bombay Fl. 201. 1861; Thwaites, Enum, Pl. Zeyl. ahs. 186); Birdwood, Cat. Veg. Prod. Bomb. 335. 1865; Beddome, Fl. Sylv. pl. 252. 1872; Brandis, For. Fl. NY. & Cent. India 3: 370. 187k; Ind. Fa ester a rb 178, & 20) (1877) and 4: 338. 1878; Ganble, Man. Ind. Timb. 297. 1881; Ind. Forester 8: 29 (1882) and 10: 31 be 33. 188); Rep. For. Admin. Ch, Nagpur 33. 1885; C. B. Clarke in Hook, f., Fl. Brats Ind. h: 58). 1885; Ind. Forester 12: 551. 1886; Watt, Dict. Econom, Prod. India 6 (4): 247. 1893; Trimen, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 3: 357. 1895; H. Hallier, Meded. Rijks Herb. “Leiden 37: hh: 1918; H. J. Lam, Verbenac. Malay. Arch. 369 & 371. 1919; Journ. Agr. Univ. Porto Rico 20: 133 & 626. 1936; Moldenke, Geogr. Dis- trib. Avicenn.. 0. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 50--52. 1910; Moldenke, Suppl. List Common Names 1--3, 9, Ws 15, 19, & 20. 19,0; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. iy, 55, 56, 67, 7, & 102. 19)2; Moldenke, Alph. List In- valid Names Gone , 192; re Ts Macliillan, Trop. Plant. & Gard., ed. 5, 197, 21, 216, & 217, 193; Moldenke, Phytologta 2: 118. 19h; Razi, Journ. Mysore Univ. 7 (lL): 6h. i9h6; Menninger, In- troduct. Offer Flower. Tree Coll. [1]. 196; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 125, 126, 130, ay, oe, 200. 1919; Razi, Journ. Mysore Univ. 11 (2): 54. 1950. Illustrations: Wight, Icon, Pl. Ind. Orient. ): pl. 166. 1849: Beddome, Fl. Sylv. le 252% 20725 Synonymy : Vitex appendiculata Willd., Gesell. Naturforsch. Freund. Berlin, Neue Schr., : 203. 1803 [not V. appendiculata Rottl., 1885]. Vitex altissima Roxb. ex Wall., Numer. List no. 1755, hyponym, 1829. Vitex pubescens Heyne ex Wall., Numer. List no. 1755, in syn. 1829 [not V. pubescens Vahl, 179]. Vitex lat- ifolia Wight ex Steud., Nom. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 111 « 18,0 [not V.- latifolia Mill., 1768, "nor Lam., 1788, nor Blanco, 1837]. Vitex altissima Moon, Cat. Tate: Exot. Pl. Ceylon )6. 182). Vitex trifolia Moon pote Trimen, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 3: 357. 1895 [not V. trifolia L., 1753). Vitex altissima Heyne, in herb. Vitex al- tissima L., in herb. i 198 Pol Yo? OMe TA Vol. 5, nae Large tree, to 10 m. tall, with a dense head and somewhat : drooping branches; wood eray, with a tinge of olive-brown, hard, close-grained, heavy, with a weight of 50--63 pounds per cubic foot; branchlets medium—-slender, very obtusely tetragonal or sub- terete, gray, glabrate; twigs slender, medullose, mostly sharply _ tetragonal and decussately flattened, dark-brown or purplish, rather densely short-pubescent when young, becoming sparsely strigillose in age, the pubescence brownish; nodes on young twigs mostly annulate with a ridge and a band of denser pubes-— cence, on older branchlets more obscurely annulate with a trans- verse "line; principal internodes 2.5--5 cm. long; leaves decuss- ate-opposite, 3-foliolate; petioles rather slender, ).5--10.5 cm. long, angulate, convex or keeled beneath, flattened above, slightly margined for the entire length, * usually somewhat. more pronouncedly so at the apex and base, rather densely puberulent or shortly strigillose-pubescent, more sparsely so in age, not pronouncedly ampliate at the base (except for the margins) ; leaf- lets subequal in size or the central one slightly larger, the central one subsessile or petiolulate with slightly margined pet- iolules 1--3 mm. long, the lateral ones usually subsessile or with obscure margined petiolules to 1 mm. long; leaflet-blades thin-chartaceous, dark-green above, somewhat lighter beneath, the central one elliptic or subobovate-elliptic, 10--20 cm. long, 3— 6.7 cm. wide, acuminate or caudate at the apex, entire or slight ly repand-undulate along the margins, acute or subacuminate at the base, rather densely puberulent above when young, becoming glabrous (except for the midrib) in age, varying from densely short-pubescent beneath to pulverulent and resinous-granular and strigillose only on the larger venation; midrib slender, flat or subimpressed above, prominent beneath; secondaries slender, 12— 17 per side, arcuate-ascending, running to the very margin but not anastomosing or else arcuately joined near the margins, flat above, prominulent beneath; vein and veinlet reticulation very delicate, often obscure, sometimes subprominulent on both sur-= faces; inflorescence axillary and terminal, paniculate, 15--23 em. long, 3--2) cm. wide, sometimes simple or few-branched, often massive with 3—5 pairs of widely divergent or arcuate-ascending branches; peduncle 1.5-—-l cm. long, it and the rachis similar to the young twigs, decidedly tetragonal and flattened, puberulent or short=-pubescent and more or less incanous; axial sympodia 2-- h cm. long, plainly annulate at each node; panicle-branches very slender, ascending, often arcuate, the lowermost longest, dimin- ishing in length upwards, each with a rather long naked stalk and then 2=--10 rather distant pairs of subsessile densely flower- ed cymes; pedicels obsolete; bracts apparently caducous; bract- lets and prophylla narrowly oblong, acute at both ends, sessile, 1--5 mm. long, densely short-pubescent with incanous or cinere- ous pubescence; corolla (according to Carr) cream-colored, the lip white. The two specimens collected by Norman Taylor differ from the typical form of the species in being glabrous on the upper sur= face of the leaflets (except for the midrib) and only pulverulent 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 199 and resinous-granular and strigillose on the larger venation beneath, The petioles are also more elongate. These specimens, however, are obviously taken from sterile shoots on plants for- ced in a greenhouse and may therefore be regarded as somewhat abnormal and unrepresentative. These and the other New York spec- imens cited below are from plants raised from seed secured from the Calcutta Botanical Garden. Razi calls the species a megaphanerophyte according to the classification of life-forms by Raunkiaer. Its timber is one of the most valuable in southern India, being smooth, tough, durable and reasonably immune to the attacks of termites. It does not split nor warp, polishes well, and is much used for building pur- poses, for cabinet work, and for making carts, especially their wheels. It has been found from sea-level to altitudes of )000 feet. According to Hohenacker it blooms in the rainy season, Carr found it in Papua on open river-flats at sea-level, bloom- ing in February. Watts describes it as a large tree of Bengal, southern India, and Ceylon, especially common in western India. MacMillan asserts that it is a good tree to plant along sea- coasts or in moderately dry regions in low country in the tropics and that it is "common in the dry low-country of Ceylon", Vernacular names recorded for it are "ahay", "balgay", "banalgay", "gua", "kadamanakku", "maila", "milla", "millilla", "myrole", "namilf adogéi", "nauladi", "sampaga-pala", "sapu-milla!! and "simyanga", Herbarium specimens have been misidentified as V. alata Heyne, V. limonifolia Wall., V. negundo L., and V. pubescens Vahl. In the Linnean Herbarium sheet number 2 under genus 811 [790] is inscribed "altissima" in the handwriting of the younger Lin- naeus and bears a ticket inscribed "Vitex altissima. Foliis ter- natis integerrimis. Pedunculis subalatis. Paniculis dichotomis maximis. Baccis trispermi. liail.Elou. Hort. Malab. P. V. Pag. l, tab. 1. Habitat in vastis sylvis Zeylonae. Ktnig 77". This tick- et is all in the handwriting of the younger Linnaeus, according to B. D. Jackson. The specimen is very pubescent on the under surface of its leaflets, the leaves are 3-foliolate, and the pet- iole is but very slightly winged. This specimen is apparently the actual type specimen of V. altissima. Sheet number 3, however, is apparently var. alata (Willd.) Moldenke. Willdenow, in the reference cited above, which is an article by him on plants collected by Rottler, gives the name V. appen- diculata to a plant collected in "Madras in horto Andersoniano. Octobr. 15. 1799" and this seems undoubtedly to be V. altissima. The Rottler specimen cited below may actually be an isotype of V. appendiculata Willd. He plainly states that this plant is distinct from his V. alata, based on a Roxburgh specimen with "petiolus communis lan raat et ultra alatus" (whereas Ve appendiculata has "petiolis basi appendiculatis"). Vitex altissima has been recorded from the Philippines and trees ll to 76 cm. in diameter of trunk have even been illustra- ted from Molave under this name. Miquel and Schauer, in the ref- 200 Pn Ops:O5G- 2 & Vol. 5, no. 5 erences cited above, cite specimens from "Luzon" and "Manila", Actually, however, all the Philippine records seem to represent the "V. altissima Blanco" and "V, altissima Naves" and are actu- ally is parviflora A. L. Juss. Lam quotes Hallier as asserting definitely that the true V. altissima does not occur in the Philippines, but only in "British India". The tree referred to by Menninger in the reference cited above and actually seen by me in 195) is var. alata. Vitex altissima in its typical form is said to be cultivated in Puerto Rico and there to be infested by the insect Saissetia oleae Bernard, but all the specimens seen by me thus far from that island prove actually to be var. zeylanica (Turez.) C. B. Clarke, The Wight illustration cited above is dated "1850" by Hallier in Meded. Rijks Herb. Leiden 37: lh (1918). The species is said to be referred to also in Lisboa, Useful Pl. Bombay 108, Gribble, Man. Cuddapsh. 262, and the hasctieer Bombay 15: O & 87. Citations: PAKISTAN: East Bengal: Griffith 6066 (V). INDIA: Bombay: Hohenacker 115 (N, S, S); Stocks, Law, et al. s.n. [Mala- bar, Concan] (Br, N, ag he ainda Jeshoda 18h (Ny; ae 18851 (N); G. Shicm Soi sen. [Mont. -Nilghiri & Kurg.] (M, S Mysore: Meebold 960 (S). State undetermined: Rottler Sone (cp, N--photo, Z—-photo) ; Schuman 56 (Cp); Vahl s.n. (Cp); Re R. Wight 2325 [Aramallay] (S, S), Sen S.n. [Peninsula I Ind. d. Orientalis] (N). CEYLON: Ktnig 77, in part , (Ls--type, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type); J. M. de sie 185 (Er, N). NEW GUINEA: Papua: Carr — ———— i i Galt. ~Pr. 10128] (Ur); N. Valen Sales IGERE Bot. Gaede cult. Pl. 10128] (N, N). India: Wallich 18) (Cp). Java: Herb. Hort. Bogor-— iense X1.K.6 (Bz--25835, Bz--2585), Bz, Bz, N), sen. [from Pere- denia garden] (Bz--23797, Bz--23798, N), s.n. [Archip. Ind.] (Bz -~2503, Bz--25035). pest get aes We var. ALATA (Willd.) Moldenke, Revist. Sudam. Bot. oe AL Literature: Rheede, Hort. Ind. Malab. 5: 1--2, pl. 1. 1685; Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 12 & 200. 1763; Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 316. ten CynBs Clarke in Hook, £2. ° Fl) *Brit . ‘no. "h: 58h. 1885; Trimen, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 3: 358. 1895; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn, O. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim, ave List Tnvalid Names 9 & 50. 1940; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 52. 192; Moldenke at Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 55, 75, & 102. 19h,2; Menninger, Introduct. Offer Flow. Tree Coll. fi}. "196; Razi, Journ. Mysore Univ. 7 (4): 6h. 1946; Menninger, 197 Cat. Flow. Trees 25. 196; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 16. 1947; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 128, 165, & 200. 19h9; Menninger, 1953 Cat. Flow. Trees 16. 1953; fenninger, 1955 Price List, n.p. 195. Illustration: Rheede, Hort. Ind. Malab. c Ble Le Jeo 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 201 Synonymy: Mail-elofi Rheede, Hort. Ind. Malab. 5: 1--2, pl. 1. 1685. Mailelou Rheede ex Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 12 & 200. 1763. Vitex alata Willd., Gesell. Naturforsch. Freund. Berlin, Neue Schr., 4: 203. 1803. Vitex alata Heyne ex Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 316. 1821. Vitex appendiculata Rottl. ex C. B. Clarke in Hook, 1.. UL. Brit. Ind. : 584, in syn. 1885. Vitex altissima var. alata (Heyne) Trimen, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 3: 358. 1895. Vitex alata Royen ex Moldenke, Prelin. Alph. List Invalid Names 9, in syn. 190. Vitex spathulata H. Je Lam, in herb, This variety differs a the typical form of the species in having its petioles more or less broadly alate from the apex to the base and the leaflets mostly quite sessile, often irregularly dentate or serrate on juvenile forms, and glabrate on both sur- faces (except for the midrib above). The leaflets are sometimes 1-foliolate on juvenile forms. The wings on the petioles are 3--8 mm. wide from the apex to near the base; at the base they often widen out much more and clasp the twig or branchlet. Rheede describes the flowers as odorous, insipid, borne in panicles near the extremities of the branches, the corolla with one large lobe which is blue inside and bluish-white outside and )} smaller lobes which are whitish outside and pale-creenish in- side, purplish toward the base. Trimen states that the plant in- habits low country, principally in the dry region, and is common in Ceylon, occurring also in peninsular India, blooming from July to October. He describes the flowers as very pale violet or white, with the middle lobe of the lower lip bluish. The tree is said to be taller and straighter than typical V. altissima. It is a valuable timber tree, the wood being hard, tough, heavy, close-grained, smooth, durable, and gray. Carpenters distinguish several varieties. The bark is used as a fomentation in rheumat- ic swellings and the wood affords a yellow dye. I am, however, not certain that all these statements apply only to the variety and not to the species in its typical form also or instead. Menninger describes the variety as the "most beautiful of the Vitex genus" and says that it shows great promise as an avenue tree in Florida. Cleghorn says that it is "a large tree, of great beauty when in flower", In his Introductory Offer of Flow- ering Tree Collection (196) Menninger calls it V. altissima, but I have personally seen his stock and it is definitely var. alata. In his 197 and 1953 Catalogue of Flowering Trees he assigns to it the correct varietal name, but in his 1955 Price List he reverts to the binomial and offers 2-foot seedlings at #1.50 per foot. Razi, in the reference cited above, records the variety from Mysore and calls it a microphanerophyte according to Raunkiaer's classification of life-forms. Herbarium material has been mis- identified as V. altissima L.f., V. koordersii Ii. J. Lam, and V. pteropoda lfiq. _ bee The Bal collection cited below consists of very young shoots, probably taken from seedlings; some leaves are 1-foliolate, all the leaflets are serrate, and the petiole is more or less alate. 202 PAH VTL OcG 1 A Vol. 5, nowS The Koorders & Koorders-Schumacher collections are juvenile forms, too, the leaflets being sharply or coarsely dentate-serr- ate. Dr. Lam annotated the Herb. Hort. Bot. Bogor. IV.A.6) spec- imen as "Vitex altissima forma foliis subtus glabratis, petiolis latius alatis". One of the Royen specimens cited below has a la-= bel reading "Erga dicitur"; the other is inscribed "Vitex (alata) foliis ternatis, quinatisque, petiolis alatis. Royen 777". Anoth- er label says "Sunhoc nose olim venit fructus qui Clutio Exot. pag. 26 quigitur, quique Rumphio vol. III, p. 2010 t. 119 repe- titur. Linnaeo Eugenia dicitur Am. Ac. IV. p. 12h, no. 11). Sed planta hoc non convenit. Vitex alata Royen 777." In the Linnean Herbarium, under genus 811 [790], sheet number 3 is an unnamed specimen inscribed "Vitex ? Flores non observi" and "Ktnig 77" -- the ticket and note being in the handwriting of the younger Linnaeus, according to B. D. Jackson. The snecimen is 3-foliolate, the leaves are glabrous beneath, and the petiole is widely winged from top to bottom. It is obviously V. altissima var. alata. ie, Willdenow's binomial, V. alata, is validly published in every sense of the Rules in the reference cited above. His plant is well described, and the name is based on a specimen sent to him by Roxburgh. The plant was regarded by Willdenow as quite dis- tinct from his V. appendiculata, which had "foliis....subtus to- mentosis......Petiolis basi appendiculatis" and is apparently conspecific with typical V. altissima L.f. His V. alata, on the other hand, had "foliis....glabris.....Petiolus communis bipoll- icaris et ultra alatus."” The Netherlands specimens cited below do not bear on their labels any indication that they came from cultivated material, but it seems obvious that they must have. Citations: INDIA: State undetermined: Re Wight s.n. [Peninsu- la Ind, Orientalis] (N). CEYLON: Ktnig 77, in part (Ls, N--photo, Z--photo). SUMATRA: Bal 30 (Bz--23301); Teijsmann 237 H.B. (Bz—— 23802). JAVA: Backer s.n. (Sept. 1903] (Bz--2h71h); Koorders & Koorders-Schumacher )))8hib [9%] (Bz--23800), 4720b (Bz--23799). CULTIVATED: Florida: Menninger s.n. [Stuart, August 8, 196] (N); H. N. Moldenke 2177 (Z). Netherlands: Herb. Lugd.-Bat. 908267- 237 (Le); Royen 87 (E--photo, Le, N, N--photo, Z--photo), 777 (Le). India: Voigt s.n. [H. B. Seramo.] (Cp, N--photo, Z--photo). Java: Herb, Bur, Agric. Manila IV.A.6 (N); Herb. Hort. Bogor. X1.K.7 (Bz--25956, N), X1-K.7a (Bz, Bz, Bz, N), X11-B (V1).28 (Bz--25857, Bz--262)\6, Bz, Bz, N). VITEX ALTISSIMA var. ZEYLANICA (Turcez.) C. B. Clarke in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. hh: 58). 1885. Literature: Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 36 (2): 223. 1863; Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 2h. 1864; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. h: 58). 1885; Journ. Agr. Univ. Porto Rico 20: 133 & 626. 1936; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 0. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 9 & 52. 19,0; Moldenke, Alph. 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 203 List Invalid Names 52 & 56. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 56, 75, & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 130, 165, & 200. 19h9. Synonymy: Vitex zeylanica Turez., Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc, a6 (2)2%223. 1863. Vitex altissima f. subglabra Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 244. 186). This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having usually 5-foliolate leaves and in having the twigs, peti- oles, and leaflets glabrous throughout. The two lowermost leaf- lets are mostly greatly reduced in size and are often caducous. The Puerto Rican material was reported (ex Leonard) in Journ, Agr. Univ. Porto Rico 20: 133 & 626 (1936) as V. altissima L.f., but all material from this island thus far seen by me proves to be var. zeylanica. The Brittons say that it grows there to be a tree )} meters tall. It is attacked by the insect Saissetia oleae Bernard, Citations: CEYLON: J. H. Fraser 178 (Du--16653)). CULTIVATED: Puerto Rico: Britton & Britton 9672 (N), 9873 (N). VITEX ALTMANNI Moldenke, Phytologia ): 59. 1952. Literature: Moldenke, Phytologia ): 59, 80, & 83. 1952. Tree or shrub; branches rather stout, gray, obtusely tetrag- onal, sometimes sulcate, minutely puberulous on the younger parts and at the nodes, glabrescent in age; twigs much more slender, puberulent; nodes annulate; principal internodes 1.5--13 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 3-foliolate; petioles slender, 1.5--5 cm. long, compressed, nigrescent in drying, puberulous; leaflets 3, chartaceous, sessile or practically so, dark-green above, lighter beneath, brunnescent in drying, elliptic or obov- ate-elliptic, glabrous above, sparsely pilosulous beneath, more densely so along the midrib and larger venation, rounded or ab- ruptly short-acuminate at the apex in cuspidate fashion, the central one 6.5--12.5 cm. long, 3.5--6.5 cm. wide, sometimes with a puberulent petiolule 1--2 mm. long, the lateral ones often very much smaller; midrib slender, flat above, prominulous beneath; secondaries slender, 7--10 per side, rather close and uniform, ascending, arcuate only toward the margins, flat above, prominu- lous beneath, anastomosing in loops near the margins; veinlet reticulation very abundant, mostly rather conspicuous and slight-— ly subprominulous above (on mature leaves) and beneath; flowers and fruit not seen, A common name for the plant is "boetboet", Citations: JAVA: Altmann 577 (Bz--72938--type, N--photo of iar, on of type). KANGEAN ARCHIPELAGO: Kangean: Dames 55 VITEX AMANIENSIS Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 11: 60, hyponym. 1928. Literature: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 11: 60. 1928; Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 8: 29. 1933; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Dis- trib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 50 & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 117 & 200. 199. 20) Pee WoT 00-G2t fk Vol. 5, no. 5 The species was based by Pieper on Warnecke 221 and Braun 1053, collected in the primeval forest at Amani, Tanganyika Ter- ritory. No formal description accompanies the name in any of the references cited above, but the name occurs in Pieper's key to species and a compilation of the key-characters yields a descrip- tion as follows: younger parts hairy, with gray—brown hairs; leaflets broad, the length of the blade of the central one equal to its width or less than twice its width, entire, only sparsely hairy beneath; secondaries many, 15-—-25 in number, with the ter- tiaries parallel between them; inflorescence axillary, dichasial- ly branched; flowers large, 8--13 mm. long; calyx weakly zygo- morphic, hairy, its gray-brown hairs usually thin-walled, their many cells elliptic or ovate, its rim with distinct teeth; cor- olla hairy, with gray-brown hairs; ovary round, not elongate, glabrous but densely glandulose at the apex; fruit small to large (3.5 cm. in diameter). VITEX eR Gtirke in Engl., Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C: 30. 1895. Literature: Engl., Pflanzenw, Ost.-Afr. C: 30. 1895; J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 329--330. 1900; Sin, For. Fl. & Res. Port. East-Afr. 9. 1909; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb, Beibl. 11: 68. 1928; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. hO. 1939; Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500. 191; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 49--51, 75, & 102. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 53. 192; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 28. 1917; Moldenke, Known ore Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 116, 117, 120, 165, & 200. 1949. Synonymy: Vitex laevigata J. G. Baker in Thiselt.—Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 330. 1900 [not V. laevigata Herb. Madr., 183]. Vitex amboinensis Gtirke apud Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500, sphalm. 191. A small or medium-sized tree, to 10 m. tall, of slender habit, or a bush, with white bark; branchlets and twigs slender or rather slender, gray or the youngest brownish-buff in drying, ob- tusely or rather acutely tetragonal, densely short—pubescent or very densely puberulent with yellowish, fulvous, or ochraceous hairs, becoming less so or even subglabrate in age, more densely fulvous-villous at the nodes and on young buds; nodes often an- nulate, more or less flattened-ampliate; principal internodes 1— 4 cm. long, often abbreviated; leaf-scars rather large and corky- prominent on older branchlets; leaves decussate-opposite, normal- ly 5- or 7-foliolate (sometimes 3-foliolate); petioles slender or stout, elongate, 3--11.2 cm. long, densely short—pubescent or puberulent with fulvous, yellowish, or ochraceous subfurfuraceous hairs, somewhat ampliate at the base, the older ones more or less flattened above and sulcate toward the base, convex beneath, not canaliculate nor margined; petiolules slender or very slender, 1--11 mm. long, densely short—pubescent or puberulent like the petioles, often canaliculate above, those of the 2 lowermost leaflets much reduced or subobsolete; leaflets unequal in size, 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 205 very variable in appearance, the blades chartaceous or subcoria- ceous, varying to submembranous, green or dark-green above, nig- rescent in drying, much lighter’ beneath, the central one ellip- tic, lanceolate-elliptic, or oblanceolate-elliptic, varying to oblong-lanceolate or oblong-cuneate, 3--18.5 cm. long, 1.5--6 6 cm. Wide, acuminate or subacute at the aoex, entire, acute or subacuminate at the base, very sparsely strigillose or glabrous above when mature, varying from finely pubescent to more or less densely puberulent or sparsely puberulent and gland-dotted be- neath with brownish hairs, more densely so along the midrib and base of the secondaries, the lateral ones similar but smaller, the lowermost greatly reduced and often with obsolete petiolules; midrib slender, flat or subimpressed above, rounded-prominent beneath; secondaries slender or very slender, 7--19 per side, close together, ascending and arcuate only at the tips (other- wise quite straight) or arcuate-ascending, rather indistinctly arcuately joined at the margins, flat or subimpressed above, prominulent beneath; vein and veinlet reticulation very abundant, obscure or indiscernible above, the rather sparse larger portions prominulent or subprominulent beneath, the finest portions very uniform, abundant, flat but conspicuous under a handlens beneath; inflorescence axillary, small, cymose, shorter than the subtend- ing petiolules; cymes Solitary, few, Radi cm. long and wide, brachiate, rather few-flowered; peduncles slender, 1--1.5 cm. long; inflorescence-branches slender, they and the peduncles densely fulvous-puberulent or short—pubescent throughout like the petioles; pedicels obsolete or very slender, to 1 mm. long, densely short-pubescent; corolla mauve and white; fruiting-calyx patelliform, 1.5--2 cm. "wide, its rim 5-lobed; fruit drupaceous, obovate or ellipsoid, to 2. af cm. long and 1.7 cm. wide, hard, not fleshy, mucronate, glabrous, green and turning bronze, black, or spotted with white. Chandler reports the species as "growing between 2 large in- digenous trees in the Bot. Gard.; small tree 25--30 feet tall, slender habit perhaps largely due to being under the 2 trees mentioned above....alt. 3900 feet". Gerstner notes that the ap- pearance of the leaves is very variable. Codd describes the plant as a straggly shrub growing in the shade of dense bush on low rocky ridges or in low veld bush between sandstone koppies. He says it is 10 feet tall or else is a spreading-topped tree 12 feet tall with spreading branches; the fruit black, oval, and 1/2 inch wide, in June, growing at 100 feet altitude. *Meeuse calls ta Bs small tree to iy meters tall, with 3--5-foliolate leaves, or a dense short bush to 1 meter tall on wooded hillsides, flower- ing and fruiting in January, the fruit green, turning bronze. Van den Schyff describes it as a bush with thin stems, growing in the sand veld, flowering in December. It has been confused in herbaria with V. cymosa Bert. and V. patula E. A. Bruce. The type of V. laevigata J. G. Baker is Kirk s.n. from Usara- mo, Dar-es-Salaam. Other specimens cited by Pie Pieper are aaa 2679, Braun 1880, Engler 3:10, Holtz 2762, Stuhlmann 7626, Zimmerman 925 man 925 & & 2929, 29, all “From Tanganyika, Kirk 2 from eee": 206 PHY TO: OG & Vol. 5, no. 5 Portuguese East Africa, and Menyharth 762 from Northern Rhodesia. Vitex laevigata is niarieutd to differ from V. amboniensis in having its leaflets not so strongly acuminate. Pieper, however, notes that this character is very inconstant and cannot be used to distinguish a second species. Iiiss Bruce's V. patula is very closely related to V. amboniensis and may, indeed, be conspecif- ic with it. One of the specimens which she cites is the Codd 227 cited below. Dr. lhieeuse also feels that he can separate it by habit and the leaf-apex character. Citations: UGANDA: Dawe 807 (K, N). TANGANYIKA TERRITORY: Busse 2613 (Be); Holst 2 2578 (K--isotype, N--photo of isotype, Z— photo of of isotype). POR PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA: Gazaland: Earthy 2 [Herb, Nat. Pretoria 7568] (Af, Af, N--photo, Z--photo). Lourengo Marques: Mrs. Monteiro 20 (K). UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA: Natal: Gerstner 772 (Cb). Transvaal: Codd 227 (af, N, Rh), 543k (N, Rh); leeuse se (Cb), 9195 (Z); Van der Schyff 3313 (Z). CULTI- VATED: Uganda: Chandler 1196 (K, N--photo, Z--photo). VITEX AMBONIENSIS var. AMANIENSIS Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 11: 69. 1928. Literature: Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 11: 69. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 50 & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 117 & 200. 199. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in part by its blunter and softer leaflets which are more densely hairy on the upper surface. It is based on Herb. Inst. Amani 22la from Tanganyika cared baer VITEX AMBONIENSIS var. SCHLECHTERI Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl, 141: 69. 1928. Literature: Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 11: 69. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 51 & 102 (19h2) and [ed. 2], 126 & 200. 199. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in its smaller leaflets, which in immature specimens are only to 5 cm. long, but probably are longer on mature specimens, and are densely hairy on both surfaces. Contrary to the condition seen in var, amaniensis, in the present variety the hairs are more sparse along the midrib on the upper surface. Pieper states that this variety may possibly be conspecific with V. tangensis Gtirke, but thus far herbarium material of it is too sparse to be sure whether the count of leaflets per leaf is actually characteristic of it. The variety is based on Schlechter 11715 from Lourengo Marques, Portuguese East Africa. VITEX ANDONGENSIS J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 329--330. 1900. Literature: Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 329--330. 1900; Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. hs 837. 1900; Thiselt.-Dyer, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 2: 193. 1904; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 141: 60. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 207 1], 51 & 102 (1942) and [ed. 2], 119 & 200. 199. A tree; branchlets clothed with short drab pubescence; leaves 5-foliolate; petiole 7.5--10 cm. long; leaflets sucboriaceous, green and glabrous above when mature, oblong, all distinctly stalked, drab-pubescent beneath, the central one about 10 cm. long and 5 cm. wide; cymes axillary, short-pedunculate, their branches very pubescent; calyx campanulate, about 1 mm, long, densely clothed with pale drab pubescence, its teeth obscure; corolla small, very hairy outside; fruit not known, The species is based on Welwitsch 5696 from Pungo Andongo, Loanda, Angola. VITEX ANGOLENSIS Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb, 18: 167. 189). Literature: Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 167. 189); J. G. Baker in Thiselt.—Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 325. 1900; Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 4: 835. 1900; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 11: 70. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 51 & 102 (1942) and [ed. 2], 119 & 200. 199. A tree; branchlets densely pubescent; leaves 5-foliolate; petioles 4--5 cm. long; leaflets moderately firm, green and ob- scurely pubescent above when mature, paler and pubescent all over beneath, oblong-cuneate, obtuse at the apex, entire, nearly sessile, the central one about | cm. long and 1.3 cm. wide; cymes axillary, short-pedunculate, few-flowered; calyx campanula te, about 3 mm. long, densely pubescent, its rim distinctly toothed; corolla-tube twice as long as the calyx, its lobes short; fruit the size of a large pea. The species was based by Gtirke on Welwitsch 5758, although Hiern in the reference cited above says nS757", apparently in error, from the province of Huila, Angola. Pieper also cites - Baum 298 from between Kubango and Quebe, and Newton s.n. from Gambos, Huila. It has been collected at altitudes of from 3800 to 5500 feet. VITEX APPUNI Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn, 21 & 26, nom. nud. (1939), Phytologia 1: 8h--85. 191. Literature: Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 21 & 26. 1939; Moldenke, Phytologia 1: )8)--)85. 191; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 33, 39, & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 67, 94, & 200. 199. Shrub or tree; branchlets and twigs medium or slender, obtuse- ly tetragonal or subterete, medullose, gray-brown, the youngest shoots densely short-pubescent with cinereous pubescence, the older ones sparsely puberulent or subglabrate; leaf-scars on older wood rather large and semicircular, usually with elevated margins; nodes not annulate; principal internodes 1.5--6 cm. long or more abbreviated on short axillary twigs; leaves decus- sate-opposite, 3- or 5-foliolate, mostly 3-foliolate; petioles very slender, 1.2--6 cm. long, convex beneath, flattened above, densely short-pubescent like the young twigs; leaflets when 3 subequal in size or the lateral ones slightly smaller, when 5 the two lowermost often much reduced, all sessile or the central 208 PHY 0-06 tA Vol. 5, naguer one only subsessile; leaflet-—blades submembranous, rather dark- green above, much lighter beneath, the central one elliptic or subobovate-elliptic, 3--9 cm. long, 1.5--3 cm. wide, acuminate at the ~ex and base (the lateral ones usually acute at the base), entire or coarsely and irregularly serrate with rather few blunt teeth, densely puberulent above, becoming much more sparsely so in age, very densely short—pubescent or tomentellous beneath; midrib very slender, subimpressed above, prominulent beneath; secondaries very slender, 9--1l per side, flat (and often incon- spicuous) or subimoressed above, prominulent beneath, arcuate- ascending, not plainly anastomosing; vein and veinlet reticula- tion mostly obscure on both surfaces; inflorescence axillary, cymose, capitate, 3--7 cm. long, 1--2.5 cm. wide, densely many- flowered; peduncles slender, 2--5.5 cm. long, more sparsely short-pubescent than the young twigs, flattened; pedicels very slender, 1--3 mm. long; bracts none; bractlets few, linear, 2--) mn. long, densely pubescent; prophylla minute, setaceous, 1] mm. long or less, densely pubescent; calyx campanulate, lignt, about 2mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide, densely short-pubescent with appres- sed antrorse hairs, its rim shortly 5-toothed; corolla hypocrater- iform, its tube broadly cylindric, about 6 mm. long, ampliate at the apex, glabrous at the base, puberulent outside above the calyx, its limb 2-lipped, the small lobes oblong, about 3 mm. long, the central lower one much enlarged, about 6 mm. long, pub- escent at the base within, all more or less densely short=pubes— cent outsice; stamens and style somewhat exserted; fruiting-calyx and fruit not known, It has been collected on dry savannas. Citations: BRITISH GUIANA: Appun 1385 (K--type, N--isotype). PRAZIL: Amazonas: G. H. H. Tate 52 (N). VITEX AUREA Moldenke, Phytologia 3: )28--29. 1951. Literature: Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 123--l29 & 459. 1951. Small tree, to 3m. tall; branches and branchlets mediun- slender, grayish, very obtusely tetragonal or subterete, more or less ferruginous-tomentellous, glabrescent in age; tvigs very densely tomentellous-nubescent with yellowish or ferrusinous hairs; nodes often obscurely annulate; principal internodes 0.5— 5 cm. long, mostly much abbreviated on the twigs; leaves decus- sate-opnosite, 1l-foliolate; petioles stovtish, 0.5--2 cm. long, flattened and sulcate above, densely tomentellous with yellowish or ferruginous hairs; blades firmly chartaceous or subcoriaceous, much lighter beneath, elliptic or obovate, li--9 cm. long, 1.5—- 6.5 em. wide, varying from rounded to obtuse or abruptly acute at the apex, entire, varing from rounded to acute at the base, more or less tomentellous-pubescent on both surfaces, becoming glab- rescent above, the hairs flavidous or ferruginous; midrib slen- der, flat or subimpressed above, prominent beneath; secondaries slender, 3--10 per side, ascencing, slightly arcuate toward the margins, flat above, prominent beneath; veinlet reticulation a- bundant, obscure or indiscernible above, very prominent beneath; inflorescence axillary, cymose, mostly shorter than the subtend- Ee 1955 Moldenke, lionograph of Vitex 209 ing leaves, rather many-flowered; peduncles rather slender, 1-~3 cm. long, flattened, densely flavidous-tomentellous; cyme- branches mostly abbreviated, densely flavicous-tomentellous; ped- icels mostly obsolete; bractlets numerous, linear, 2--5 mm. long, densely yellow-tomentellous, conspicuous, firm; calyx campanulate, ~ 3--l mm. long and wide, very densely golden-tomentellous on the outside, its rim truncate and subentire; corolla-tube cylindric, 1,2--1.5 cm. long, slightly curvate, very densely golden-villous on the outside, the lobes about 2 mm. long, erect; stamens and pistil exserted about 5 mm. from the corolla-tube. The species is endemic to Madagascar and is found in forests at about 2000 meters altitude. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Perrier de la Bathie 16316 (N, P), 16317 (N--photo of type, P--type, Z--photo of type). VITEX AXILLARIS Wall., Numer. List [8], no. 1760, hyponym. 1829. The name, originally proposed as "V.? axillaris", is based on Wallichts 1760 from Tavoy in Upper Burma. VITEX BALBI. Chiov., Racc. Bot. Itiss. Consol. Kenya 99. 1935. Nothing is known by me about this species except that it is said to inhabit Kenya. VITEX BARBATA Planch. ex J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afrs. 65! 323..)1900. Literature: Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 323. 1900; Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. 385. 1919; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 141: 61. 1928; Moldenke, Knovm Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 4WS—-l8 & 102. 1942; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 118. 19h; lMoldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 109, 111, 112, 11h, & 200. 199. A tree; young branchlets densely clothed with fine spreading hairs; leaves 3-foliolate; petioles 6.5--7.5 cm. long; leaflets subcoriaceous, green and glabrous above when mature, obovate- cuneate, entire, short-petiolulate, obtuse at the apex, slightly pubescent on the midrib beneath, the central one 7.5--10 cm. long, 3.3--5 cm. wide; cymes copious, axillary, long-pedunculate, dense, their branchlets villous; pedicels very short; calyx cam- panulate, about 3 mm. long, densely villous, the teeth very short; corolla 2 or 3 times the length of the calyx; fruit the Size of a cherry. The species was based on Heudelot 30 from Senegal, Heudelot s.n. from Senegambia, and Scott-rlliot 381 from Sierra Leone. It is said to grow in bush country in hilly regions. Pieper cites also Lecard 161 fron Senegal. Common names are "ba-kudu-ne" "kuru", and "kutu-fingo". Citations: FRENCH EQUATORIAL AFRICA: Gabun: Krukoff 119a (N). VITEX BEFOTAKENSIS lMoldenke, Phytologia 3: 429--l30. 1951. Shrub; branchlets slender, gray, obtusely tetragonal, glab- rous; twigs very slender, light-sray, the youngest parts canes- cent-puberulous, the olcer parts glabrescent; nodes not annulate; 210 PHYTOLDOGIA Vol. 5, no. 5 principal internodes 0.5--3 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 1-foliolate; petioles slender, 6--9 mm. long, flattened above, minutely canescent—puberulous or glabrescent; blades rather firm- ly chartaceous, rather uniformly bright-green on both surfaces, somewhat nigrescent in drying, elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 3.5-—- 8.5 cm. long, 3--l} cm. wide, varying from rounded or obtuse on smaller leaves to acute or very shortly acuminate on larger ones, entire, varying from rounded to acute or short-acuminate at the base, glabrous and shiny on both surfaces; midrib slender, flat above, prominent beneath; secondaries filirorn, h--6 per side, ascending, mostly flat above, very slightly prominulous beneath, anastomosing in shallow loops several mm, from the margins be- neath; veinlet reticulation rather sparse, obscure or indiscern- ible above, obscure beneath; inflorescence axillary, cymose, much shorter than the subtending leaves; cymes 1——3-flowered; peduncles filiform, 3--10 mm. long, rather densely whitish- strigillose with closely appressed antrorse hairs; bractlets lanceolate-ovate, 2--3 mm. long, about 1 mm. wide, densely cin- ereous-strigose, “has pairs per cyme; pedicels filiform, 3--9 mm. long, densely cinereous-strigillose; calyx campanulate, * about 5 mm. long and ) mm. wide, 5-toothed, the tube densely cinereous— strigillose, the teeth ea: -5 mm. long, less densely strigillose and mostly conspicuously nigrescent in drying, acute or subacute at the apex, minutely strigillose within; corolla clear-pink, curvate-cylindric, densely brownish-villosulous on the outside, the tube 10--13 mm. long, the lobes about 2 mm. long; fruiting- calyx thin-textured, nigrescent in drying, cupuliform, to about 7 mm. long and wide, sparsely and minutely strigillose, its rim plainly 5-toothed. The species is endemic to Madagascar and is known only from the type collection, flowering in September. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Decary 757 (N--isotype, N--photo of type, P--type, Z--photo of type). VITEX BENTHAMIANA Domin, Bibl. Bot. 89 (6): 1114 & 1117, fig. 182. 1928. Literature: Benth., Fl. Austral. 5: 67. 1870; F. M. Bailey, Syn. Queensl. Fl. 379. 1883; F. M. Bailey, Cat. Pl. Queensl. 35. 1890; F. M. Bailey, Queensl. Fl. 4: 1179. 1901; F. M. Bailey, Compreh, Cat. 386. 1913; Domin, Bibl. Bot. 89 (6): 111i) & Bicciy. fig. 182. 1928; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 55. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 70 & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 154 & 200. 19h9. Synonymy: Vitex trifolia var. parviflora Benth., Fl. Austral. 5:67. 1870. Illustration: Domin, Bibl. Bot. 89 (6): 1117, fig. 182. 1928. Shrubby; branches slender; leaves small, 3--5-foliolate; leaflets small, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acumin- ate at the apex, clothed beneath with compact, ’ slender, white tomentum, sessile or the central one attenuate to a very short petiolule; flowers much smaller than in V. trifolia L. This plant is knowm only from the Northern Territory and the 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 211 northern part of Queensland, according to Domin, who cites one of his own collections from the barren hills by Cloncurry, Queensland, and a collection of Landsborough from the Gulf of Carpenteria, Northern Territory. Domin states that it is a low erect shrub about 1.5 m. tall and of very characteristic habit, usually forming a dense colony. He says also that the material from Moreton Bay regarded as the same taxon by Bentham does not belong here. I am of the opinion that this species will prove to be nothing more nor less than V. trifolia var. bicolor (Willd.) Moldenke. If so, then Bentham's trinomial will have priority over mine. VITEX BENUENSIS Engl., Pflanzenw. Afr. 5 (1): 46 & 50, nom. nud. (1925); Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 11: 49. 1928. Literature: Engl., Pflanzenw. Afr. 5 (1) [Engler & Drude, Veg. Erde 9]: 46 & 50. 1925; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 1)1: 49 & 66. 1928; Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 8: 29. 1933; Fedde, Bot. Jahresber. 59 (2): {17. 1939; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. [ed. 1], 48 & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 11) & 200. 199. Pieper cites Ledermann 00, 473, 476ha, and 4778, all from Cameroons. As far as I know, no full description of this species has ever yet been published, but it occurs in Pieper's key and the lines in that key constitute a validating description of sorts. Such a compiled description would indicate that the spec- ies has fleshy leaflets, often more than 10 cm. wide, sparsely hairy on both surfaces; inflorescence axillary, dichasially branched, few- (to 10-) flowered; bractlets narrow, thread-like or sometimes lanceolately widened at the apex; flowers small, to 11 mm. long; calyx-teeth distinct, regular, large, to half the total length of the calyx; corolla-lobes erect; ovary more or less rounded, covered with many erect hairs and often also with glands which are, however, obscured by the dense pubescence, VITEX BEQUAERTI DeWild. in Fedde, Repert. 13: Whe; TAs Literature: Fedde, Repert. 13: 142. 191); Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 19 & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 115 & 200. 199. Pieper cites Bequaert 31) and Homb1é 202 from Ober-Katanga, Elizabethville, Belgian Congo. tris VITEX BERAVIENSIS Vatke, Linnaea )3: 535. 1882. Literature: Vatke, Linnaea 3: 535. 1882; Danguy, Bull. Hist. Nat. Paris 30: 509. 192); Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 11: 78. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 53 & 102 (1942) and [ed. 2], 123 & 200. 199. Tree, to 7m. tall; branchlets medium-slender, obtusely tet- ragonal or subterete, gray, glabrous, the youngest ones nigres- cent in drying; nodes not annulate; principal internodes 1--5 cm. long; leaf-scars rounded-umbonate, surrounded by a thin elevated margin; leaves mostly 5-foliolate, rarely 3-foliolate, decussate- opposite; petioles slender, 5--9.5 cm. long, glabrous, flattened or canaliculate above, brunnescent in drying; petiolules slender, 212 Po Y°? Or b-O.G tT & Vol. 5, no. 5 0.8--3.5 cm. long, glabrous, brunnescent; leaflets chartaceous, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, rather uniformly green on both surfaces, often brunnescent in drying, the two lowest mostly much smaller than the other three, the central one 5.5--10.5 cm. long, 3--5 cm. wide, varying from acute or obtuse to rounded or emar- ginate at the apex, entire, abruptly acute or rounded at the base, — sometimes asymmetric, glabrous and shiny on both surfaces or with a few hairs along the midrib and in the axils of the secondaries beneath; midrib slender, flat above, prominent beneath; second- aries very slender, 10--12 per side, divergent-ascending, rather close, straight and parallel, arcuately joined at the margins be- neath, plane above, prominulous beneath; veinlet reticulation mostly obscure on both surfaces; inflorescence axillary or slightly supra-axillary, cymose, loosely many-flowered; peduncles slender, 2.5--12 cm. long, glabrous, mostly brunnescent in dry- ing; cymes about 5 times dichotomous, the branches widely divari- cate, slender, flattened, glabrous or nearly so, a pair of long- stalked, leaflet-like, spatulate bracts often subtending the lowermost furcation and 1--2.5 cm. long (including the stalk), glabrous on both surfaces; bractlets subtending the upper furca- tions linear, oblong, or setaceous, 1--l; mm. long, nigrescent, glabrous or nearly so; pedicels slender, flattened, nigrescent, 1--2 mm. long; calyx campanulate or cupuliform, about 2 mm. long and wide, glabrous on the inner surface, glabrous or nearly so on the outside, nigrescent in drying, its rim truncate and entire or subentire with very minute apiculations; corolla bilabiate, 8--12 mm. long, lilac with a yellow throat, its tube about 7 mm. long, densely ochraceous-velutinous above the calyx on the outside, the limb about as long as the tube, the anterior lip 3-lobed, the median lobe larger than the others, the posterior lip 2-lobed, all the lobes about 6 mm. long, densely puberulent on the inner surface, densely barbate-tomentose at the base; stamens }, didy- namous, inserted at about the middle of the corolla-tube, exsert- ed; filaments slightly swollen and hairy at the base; ovary o- void, about 1 mm. long, glabrous; style filiform, 10--13 m., long, glabrous; stigmas 2, incurved, short, acute; fruiting-calyx — shallowly cupuliform or subpatelliform, incrassate, nigrescent, indurated, to 7 mm. wide, deeply but irregularly lobed, scarious- margined, glabrous, sometimes entire and completely patelliform and to 15 mm. wide; fruit drupaceous, hard and nigrescent in dry- — ing, subglobose, usually 5--7 mm. long and wide, very shiny. | The species is endemic to Madagascar, where it is called "voha ~ -néha" or "voaméa" and its wood is used for construction purposes, - The type is Hildebrandt 3085a, according to the original descrip- — tion, and apparently was deposited in the herbarium at the Botan- | isches Iuseum in Berlin. Since this is now destroyed, I think we may well regard Ilildebrandt 3085 as a cotype (or, perhaps more accurately, lectotype) collection, and I am so citing it. Pieper places the species in his group Haplotriches and says it is most closely related to V. schlechteri Gtrke. The latter is now regarded as conspecific with V. harveyana H. H. WwW. Pear son and as a synonym of it. Pieper cites a Grevé 69 and a Baon 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 213 477. The latter collection, however, is f. villosa lioldenke. Danguy cites a Pervillé 187 from waeandes lle also cites Grandid- ier s.n., Duliot s.n., and md Grevé 57 and 65, all of which I re- gard as f. pilosa Moldenke, and “and Grevé 35 and Louvel 15h which are f. villosa. I+ has been collected in flower in February, March, July, y, and September and in fruit in June. It has been confused | in herbaria with Maerua arenaria Hook. f. & Thoms. of the Cappar- idaceae. Reeds Rae Citations: MADAGASCAR: Baron 683 (K); Decary 8023 (N, P); Hildebrandt 3085 (K--cotype, N--cotype, N--photo of cotype, P— cotype, P--cotype, eo of ae es ioe de la Bathie 1632 (P); Ursch 199 (N, Py. VITEX BERAVIENSIS var. ACUMINATA Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 30. 1951. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its branchlets plainly tetragonal and mimitely puberulous, leaves 5- or 6-foliolate, petioles slightly longer and minutely puberulous, petiolules to cm. long, leaflet-blades to 1.5 cm. long and long-acuminate at the apex, and the fruit about 2 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide, black when mature. The tree becomes 20 m. tall, with a trunk 1 m. or more in diameter. The variety is endemic to Madagascar and inhabits sandy woods, limestone hills and plateaus, tropophilous forests, and seaside woodlands, from sea level to altitudes of 270 meters. It has been collected in anthesis in January, April, June, August, and Dec- ember, and in fruit in August. Common names are "hazomay" and "vyoansekongo", Synonymy: Vitex arborea Bréon, in herb. [not V. arborea Desf., 1847, nor Fischer, 1829, nor hexhie 131]. Vitex heptaphylla Fach., in-herb, fiat V. heptaphylla A. L. Juss., 1306]. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Bernier s.n. [cOte oriental, 186] (Nn, P); Boivin 1796 (P); Bréon s.n. (P); Humbert 19006 (P); Perrier de la Bathie 152) (P), 1595 (P, P), 1595bis (N--photo of type, P--type, e, Z-—photo of type), 10203 (P), 10205 (P), 10260 (P); Richard 27 (P), 299 (P), 518 (P) CByig ees [Baie d'Antongie] (P), s.n. (P); Ss Service . Forestiere re 8 CP) PF ATOCNg P) s VITEX BERAVIENSIS f. PILOSA loldenke, Phytologia 3: 30. 1951. This form differs from the typical form of the species in having the calyx more or less appressed-pilose during and before anthesis and often even after anthesis, and in having the petio- les, petiolules, inflorescence-branches, lower leaflet-surfaces, and young twigs also more or less pilose-puberulent. The immat- ure fruit is clear-green; the tree becomes at least 5 m. tall. The form is endemic to Madagascar and grows in forests on limestone rock at altitudes of 200 to 280 meters. It has been collected in anthesis in March and October. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Baron ]\582 (K), s.n. (P); Dowliot s.n. 21h Pi ET Od OG. ek Vol. 5, nos 5 @ [Morondava, October 19, 1897] (P); Grandidier s.n. [Morondava, 1879] (P); Grevé 57 (P), 65 (K--type, N-—-isotype, N--photo of type, P--isotype, ~ P--isotype A of type); Humbert 1421 (P); Leandri 69h, (N,.P); rok (N, VITEX BERAVIENSIS f. VILLOSA Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 431. 1951. This form differs from the typical form of the species in having the calyx and bractlets densely villous with sordid-canes- cent hairs, and in having the petioles, petiolules, peduncles, inflorescence-branches, and young twigs usually rather densely puberulent or short-pubescent ana the lower leaflet-surfaces more or less ypuberulent—-pilose, The form is endemic to liadagascar, where it is knovm as "yoamea", It is saic to be a small tree, 10--12 m. tall, growing in savannas at altitudes of 50 to 300 meters, collected in an- thesis in February, October, and December, Citations: MADAGASCAR: Daron L771 (K, P), 6790 (kK); Grevé 35 (P); Humbert 1160 (P), 19711 (i--isotype, N--photo of type, P= type, Z-—-photo of © of type); Louv Louvel 15) (P). VITEX BETSILIENSIS Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 22. 1939. ; Shrub or tree, 3--10 m. tall; branches and branchlets rather stout, obtusely tetragonal, densely white-tomentose, less so in age; nodes inconspicuously annulate; principal internodes 1 25-6 em. long, mostly abbreviated; leaves decussate-opposite, 1-foli- olate; petioles very stout, 1--2, 5 en. long, apparently articu- late at the apex, densely appressed-tomentose, the indumentum at first white, later sordid-cray; blades very thick-coriaceous and stiff, very bright green and shiny abave elliptic, rarely slightly obovate, eo 5 em. long, 1.5--.1 cm. wide, mostly ob-= tuse or rounded (sometimes emarginate, rarely acute or mucronate) at the apex, entire and revolute along the margins, rounded at the base, glabrous above when mature, loosely white-tomentellous above when immature, very densely white-tomentose beneath, the indumentum turning Sordid-srayish in age; midrib very stout, ‘deeply imoressed above, very stout anc prominent beneath; secon- daries more slender, numerous, close together, rather straight, divaricate-as scending, 13--15 per side, rather inconspicuous a- bove, prominulous beneath; veinlet reticulation very abundant, conspicuously impressed to the finest details above, prominulent beneath but often obscured by the indumentum; inflorescence ax- illary, abbreviated, few-flowered, much shorter than the subten- ding leaves, very densely white-tomentose with closely matted indumentum throuchout, becoming sordid-grayish in age; peduncles about 0.5-~1.5 cm. long, often obscured; inf orescence aaa usually only 2, less than 1 cm. long; bractlet ts linear, 7--12 mm. long, densely matted-tomentose like the peduncles and cyme= branches; calyx in anthesis campanulate, 3--12 ma. long, 7--3 mn. ‘ride, very densely matted-tomentose or janate with white indu- mentun, its rim plainly 5-dentate, the teeth 1.5--2 mn. long, oblong-lanceolate or ovate, erect, stiff; corolla rosy-white or pale-violet, its tube about 15 mn. long, * densely white-tomentose 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 215 outside above the calyx; anthers brown; fruiting-calyx unchanged, the teeth involute (obvolute) over the (immature?) fruit. The species is endemic to Madagascar and has been found in forests on granite, quartzite, siliceous, and other types of rock, at altitudes of from 1200 to 1800 meters, in anthesis in February, March, May, June, August, and December, Citations: MADAGASCAR: Decary 13087 (P--cotype), 1020 (N, P); Humbert 7116 (P--cotype), 1519 (N--photo of cotype, P--cotype, — -— — ——— Z-—photo of cotype); Perrier er de la B&thie 10185 ree xt P-— VITEX BETSILIENSIS ssp. BARORUM Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 23--2h. 1939. This subspecies differs from the typical form of the species in having smaller leaves which are only thin-coriaceous, 1.5--6 em. long, 0.5--3 cm. wide, distinctly acute at the apex, the in- dument on the lower surface much shorter and appressed, and the calyx in anthesis smaller, about 5 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, con- spicuously costate, with short closely appressed tomentum. It is said to be a shrub or small tree, )--3 m. tall, with violet corollas, growing in sclerophyllous forests on siliceous rock, from 800 to 1200 meters altitude, endemic to Madagascar. It has been collected in anthesis in June, July, November, and December. A common name is "haronganala". Humbert describes the leaves as chartaceous, but I would term them thin-coriaceous,. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Humbert 11632 )(P) L268 (P) 5: La6hg (P—-cotype); Humbert & Swingle ngle 908 (N--cotype, e, P--cotype); Perrier de la Bathie 19267 (N--photo of cotype, P--cotype, Z-- photo of cotype). VITEX BOGALENSIS Wernham, Cat. Pl. Talbot Oban Dist. 91. 1913. Literature: Wernhan, Gere Pl. Talbot Oban Dist. 91. 1913; Pie- per in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 1h1: 7h. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 48 & 102 (19h,2) and fed, ee 11h & 200. 199. The species is based on Talbot 106 from Bogalo Peak, northern Cameroons. According to Pieper it belongs either in the group Simplices or Elongatae. VITEX BOJERI Schau. in A. DC., Prodr., 11: 69). 187. Literature: A. DC., Prodr. 11: 69). 1847; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb, Beibl. 11: 78. 1928; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 13 & 53. 1942; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 53 & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 123 & 200. 199. Synonymy: Chrysomallum integrifolium Bojer ex Schau. in A.M. Prodr. 11: 694, in syn. 13)7. Vitex ferruginea Bojer ex Schau., lec. cit., in syn. 187 [not Vv. , ferruginea Vahl, 1313, nor Schun. *Thonn., 1327, nor Baker, 1900]. Vitex ferruginea H. & Be, in herb, Vitex ferrugineun Bojer, in herb, Liana-like shrub or tree, 7--13 m. tall; branches, branchlets, 216 Pees ip Ore hye Vol. 5, no. 5 and twigs rather slender, conspicuously obtusely tetragonal, of- ten lichen-encrusted, densely puberulent or sometimes brown- tomentose on the younger parts, glabrescent in age; nodes not annulate; principal internodes greatly abbreviated, 0.)--l cm. long; leaf-scars large and prominent, corky, especially on the twigs; leaves decussate-opposite, numerous on many short twigs, 1-foliolate; petioles rather stoutish, 3--9 mm. long, densely puberulent with fulvous hairs or sometimes densely brown-tomen- tose; blades thin-coriaceous, dark-green above, somewhat lighter beneath, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, 1.l--9 cm. long, 0.5--5.9 cm. wide, subacute or obtuse at the apex or sometimes rounded or emarginate, entire and often subrevolute along the margins, acute or obtuse at the base, often loosely pilose-pubescent above when young, but glabrous or subglabrous above when mature, densely puberulent or short-pubescent and resinous—punctate beneath when mature, often tomentellous beneath when young; midrib slender, impressed above, prominent beneath; secondaries slender, 5--7 per side, arcuate-ascending, subimpressed above, prominent be- neath, prominently anastomosing in loops near the marzins beneath; veinlet reticulation abundant, obscure or slightly subimpressed above, prominulent beneath; inflorescence axillary, few-flowered, sessile or subsessile; bractlets broad, ovate-lanceolate or o- vate, leathery, 3--) mm. long, about twice as long as wide, short-acuminate at the apex, very densely short-pubescent on both surfaces with brown hairs, the venation not plainly visible; pe- duncles mostly greatly abbreviated, to mm. long, densely short- pubescent or sometimes densely brown-tomentose; pedicels 1--2 mm. long, densely brown-pubescent or -tomentose; calyx campanulate, about }); mm. long and wide, densely browvm-pubescent, its rim dis- tinctly h- or 5-toothed, the teeth ovate-triangular, small, about 1 mm. long, attenuate-acute; corolla red, normal in development, its tube cylindric, curvate, about 2.5 cm. long, about 2 mn. wide at the base and 6 mm. wide at the apex, densely long-pubescent with brown hairs and resinous—punctate on the outside, its rim 5-lobed, the lobes ovate, about 3 mm. long, acute; fruiting- calyx somewhat enlarged and incrassate, broadly campanulate, a- bout 5 mm. long and 7 mm. wide, densely brown-pubescent, its teeth prominent, 2 mm. long, erect; fruit drupaceous, about 8 mn. long and 5 mm. wide, glabrous and shiny. The species is endemic to Madagascar and is said to inhabit open woods and dry forests, at altitudes of 1600 to 1800 meters. It has been collected in anthesis in April, August, and November, and is called "kivazo". Citations: MADAGASCAR: Baron 1276 (K, P), 2972 (K, P), 530k (K, P); Bojer s.n. [Be-zon-zong] (K--isotype, N--isotype, N-- photo of isotype, P--isotype, P--isotype, Z--photo of isotype), s.n. [Mad.] (K), s.n. [An-ranoa Madiou, Emirne] (K); Bouton s.n. [interior of ifadagascar, 1367] (K); d'Alleizette 1235m (P); Decary 13831 (NM, P); Herb. Jard. Bot. Tananarive 663 (P); Hilde- brandt 3672 (K, N, P); C. Ww. Parker s.n. [Andrangaloaka, 1931] (K). 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 217 VITEX ape var. SUBORBICULARIS Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 31. 1951. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaf-blades coriaceous, 1.5--3 cm. long and wide, truncate or emarginate at the apex (rarely mucronulate-acute), very lightly and obscurely puberulent beneath, eventually more or less glabrescent except for the larger venation, densely res- inous-punctate beneath, and its calyx puberulent, lobed to the middle, the lobes 2 m. long. It is said by Humbert to be a shrub or small tree with very coriaceous leaves which are thick and stiff, shiny above, dull and pale beneath, the veins of first, second, and third rank in- pressed above and prominent beneath, the tertiaries reticulate and less prominent beneath. The calyx is violet, the corolla red-carmine or darl-red on the outside, sometimes yellowish- green on the outer surface of the lobes, tinted orange on their inner surface, the stamens carmine, the anthers olive-green, and the style yellow-green or else red at the base and pale-green at the apex. It grows in licheniferous woods on gneiss and quartz- ite rock, at altitudes of 2000 to 2100 meters. It has been col- lected in anthesis in March and December, and is endemic to Mad- agascar. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Humbert 2262), (N--isotype, N--photo of type, P--type, Z-- photo of type); Humbert & Cours 23805 (P). VITEX BRACTEATA S. Elliot, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. 29: 2. 1891. . Literature: Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 862. 1856; Scott Elliot, Journ, Linn. Soc. Lond. 29: 2. 1391; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 141: 78. 1928; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 50, 190; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 52. 192; liol- denke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 53 & 102 (19)2) and [ed. 2], 123 & 200. 199. Shrub or small tree; branchlets medium-slender, grayish, min- utely puberulent, glabrescent in age, obtusely tetragonal; twigs slender, densely short-pubescent or puberulent with red-brown hairs; nodes not annulate; principal internodes 0.)--l; cm. long, mostly abbreviated; leaves decussate-opposite, 1-foliolate; pet- ioles slender, 0.7--2 cm. long, densely pubescent or puberulent with brown hairs, canaliculate above; blades firmly chartaceous or subcoriaceous, rather uniformly dark-green on both surfaces, often brunnescent in drying, ovate or oblong-elliptic, 1.7--7 cm. long, 1.3--.5 cm. wide, mostly rounded or retuse at the apex, varying to subacute or obtuse, entire, rounded or subtruncate at the base, glabrous and shiny above, densely puberulent and res- inous-punctate beneath; midrib slender, mostly plane above, sharply prominent beneath; secondaries very slender, 6--8 per side, divergent-ascending, short, arcuately joined in many loops 1.5 mm. from the margins beneath; veinlet reticulation abundant, mostly conspicuous and sharply prominulous above, prominulous beneath; inflorescence axillary, cymose, few-flowered, mostly only once dichotomous, conspicuously bracteate; peduncles slend- er, 3--.5 cm. long, flattened, puberulent, somewhat club-shaped 218 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, now'S at the apex; cyme-branches slender, flattened, about 1 cm. long, puberulent; pedicels filiform, flattened, 2--10 mm. long, puber- ulent; bracts membranous, foliaceous, ovate-elliptic, 7--10 mn. long, li--8 mm. wide, acute at both ends, more or less puberulous and resinous-granular, glabrescent in age, sessile; calyx herba- ceous, developing much more rapidly than the corolla (i.e., the young corolla-bud lying at the base of a many times larger calyx) about 1 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, lightly pulverulent—puberulent, nigrescent in drying, its rim 6-lobed, the lobes ovate-triangu- lar, erect, about 2 mm. long, acute at the apex; corolla red; o- vary merely glandulose. The species is endemic to Madagascar and is placed by Pieper in his subgenus Chrysomallum, section Simplicifoliae. The specif- ic name adopted for the species is not invalidated by the Vitex bracteata Horsf. ex Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 862 (1856) because the latter was published only in synonymy and never has been val= idated. It falls into the synonymy of V. pinnata L. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Scott Elliot 267 (K-type, N--isotype, N--photo of type, P--isotype, Z--photo of type). VITEX BREVILABIATA Ducke, Arquiv. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro he 172. 1925. Literature: Ducke, Arquiv. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro ): 172. 1925; Ducke, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 11: 590--591. 1932; Mol- denke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 26. 1939; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 39 & 102 (1942) and [ed. 2], 94 & 200. 1949; Occhioni, Lilloa 17: 485. 199. Low or medium-sized tree, to 12 m. tall; branchlets slender, gray, obtusely tetragonal, usually decidedly decussate-flattened, ampliate at the nodes, medullose, glabrate; twigs slender, short, flattened-tetragonal, densely short-pubescent with appressed- flavescent hairs; leaf-scars on older branchlets rather large and prominent; nodes not annulate; principal internodes 2—-5 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 3- or (usually) 5-foliolate;* petioles slender, 1.5--.7 cm. long, somewhat flattened above, densely short-pubescent or puberulent with flavescent hairs, not ampliate at the base; leaflets subequal in size when young, very unequal when mature, when 3 in number the two lateral ones are noticeably smaller, when 5 in number the two lowermost are much reduced, all rather long-petiolulate when mature; central petio- lule to 1 cm. long, the lateral ones shorter, all much shorter on immature leaves; leaflet-blades thin-membranous when immature, chartaceous when mature, rather unifamly dark-green on both sur- faces, the central one elliptic or subobovate-elliptic, 3--8.5 em. long, 1.4--.5 cm. wide, obtusely rounded to a slightly ac- uminate apex, entire, rather long-acuminate or subacuminate at the base, puberulent on both surfaces when immature (especially on the midrib and secondaries), glabrate above when immature and very sparsely puberulent or pulverulent beneath; midrib slender, mostly flat or subimpressed above, prominent beneath; secondar- ies slender, 10--13 per side, ascending, arcuately joined close to the margins, conspicuously prominent beneath; vein and veinlet — : d : 1955 || Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 219 reticulation fine, abundant, subprominulent on both surfaces; inflorescence axillary, cymose, 2--7 cm. long, 1.5--5 cm. wide, dichotomously furcate one to three times with a terminal flower at each dichotomy, the cymes therefore 3--15-flowered, densely puberulent with flavescent hairs throughout, lax; peduncles 1-- 3.1 cm. long, flattened, often ampliate at the apex, flavescent- puberulent; inflorescence-branches conspicuously flattened, flavescent-puberulent, often ampliate at the apex; pedicels slender, 2--5 mm. long, those of the central flowers usually larger than the lateral ones or subobsolete; bracts none; bract- lets 2 at each furcation, linear, 2--3 mm. long, flavescent- puberulent; prophylla minute, linear, about 1 mm, long; calyx campanulate-tubular, 3-- mm. long, about 2 mm. wide, appressed- puberulent throughout, its rim mostly distinctly lobed, often somewhat zygomorphic, the lobes about 0.5 mm. long, more or less obtuse or rounded at the apex, to 1 mm. long after anthesis; corolla hypocrateriform, violet—blue or lilac, its tube broadly cylindric, very slightly ampliate at the apex, 8--12 mn. long, very densely flavescent-puberulent on the outside, its limb short-lobed, the lobes subequal, much shorter than the tube, all about 3 mm. long, rounded at the apex, puberulent on both sur- Sacre, the small lower lip short-b2arded at the base inside; stamens and style somewhat exserted; fruiting-calyx and fruit not seen. The type of this species was collected by Adolfo Ducke [Herb. Rio de Yaneiro 1395] in elevated woody places around the lower cataracts at Villa Braga on the Rio Tapajoz, Pard, Brazil, on September 23, 1933, and is deposited in the herbarium of the Museu Nacional at Rio de Janeiro. The species inhabits virgin forests and non-inundated places in secondary woods and has been collected in anthesis in September, October, and December. Ducke states that it differs from V. duckei Huber in its slightly den- ser pubescence, its leaves being almost always 5-foliolate, the leaflets narrowed to the often rather long petiolule, the calyx almost tubular and always longer than the pedicel, and the lower lip of the corolla being much shorter than the corolla-tube. In the 1932 reference cited above he suggests that it may really be a hybrid between V. orinocensis H.B.K. and V. triflora Vahl. He says also that Herb. Rio de Janeiro 22529 has leaves much like those of V. triflora and flowers like those of V. brevilabiata. However, in my opinion this last-mentioned collection is typical V. Kclugii Moldenke, which see. He says that on the campos of the lower Amazon, eit Wis Lriiiara and V. flavens H.B.K. grow side by side, one often finds specimens which seem to be hybrids between the tuo. Citations: BRAZIL: Pard: Black )7-1659 (Be--29379, N); Ducke s.n. [Herb. Rio de Janeiro 311; 11; Macbride photos 17559] (3B, oh 663038--photo, Kr--photo, N--photo, '--photo, S--photo, W-- 1:h1532, Z--photo), s S.n. "Inerb. Pio de Janeiro 1395) (B--iso- type, E-~isotype, N--isotype, N--photo of isotype, P--isotype, S--isotype, Ut--isotype, ‘J--1)1630--isotype, \--isotype, Z-- 220 P: HPT O: EO GTA Vol «5, stieeae photo of isotype). VITEX BREVIPETIOLATA Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 26, nom. nud. (1939); Trop. Woods 64: 30--31. 190. Literature: Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 26. 1939; Mol- denke, Alph. List Common Names 31. 1939; Moldenke, Trop. Woods 6h: 30--31. 1940; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 39 & 102. 192; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 118. 19h; Mol- denke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 9h & 200. 19h9. Shrub or tree; branches and branchlets slender, dark-gray, obtusely tetragonal, more or less densely gray-pubescent, glab- rate in age; twigs very slender, short, very densely villous with spreading fulvous or ferruginous multicellular often gland- tipped hairs; nodes not annulate; principal internodes 1--6.5 cm. long; leaves clustered on the twigs only, decussate-opposite, 3- foliolate; petioles slender, 1--1.5 cm. long, very densely vill- ous with spreading fulvous hairs like the twigs; leaflets sess- ile, firmly chartaceous, the central one elliptic or obovate- elliptic, 2.5--9 cm. long, 1.8-—5 cm. wide, obtuse or acute at the apex (or obscurely subacuminate), entire, acute at the base, densely villous-tomentose on both surfaces, the pubescence gray- ish above and fulvous beneath, the lateral ones similar but smaller; midrib subimpressed above, prominent beneath; secondar- ies 8--10 per side, very slender, arcuate-ascending, anastomosing near the margins, very slightly subimpressed above and prominu- lent beneath; vein and veinlet reticulation mostly hidden by the dense pubescence; inflorescence axillary, cymose; cymes opposite, several pairs on each twig, about )} cm. long, few-flowered, sur- passing the petioles; flowers not seen; fruiting-calyx cupuli- form, 9--1l mm. long, 8--10 mm. wide, densely villous like the slender peduncles, pedicels, and twigs, its rim deeply 5-lobed, he lobes lanceolate, sharply acute, )--6 mm. long; bractlets and prophylla linear, 2--8 mm. long, densely villous; fruit fleshy, drupaceous, oblong-elliptic, about 1 cm. long and 7 mn. wide, nigrescent in drying. The type of this distinct species was collected by Bror Eric Dahlgren (no. 889) on the S. C. J,hnson & Son Carnauba Expedit- ion at Croataé, Ceard, Brazil, in 1935, and is deposited in the herbarium of the Chicago Natural Hjstory Museum. The word "ubaia" appears on the labels and probably represents a vernacular name for the plant. Citations: BRAZIL: Cear&: Dahlgren 889 (F—81233--type, N-- isotype, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type). VITEX BUCHANANII J. G. Baker ex Gtirke in Engl., Pflanzenw. Literature: J. G. Baker in Buchanan, Nyasaland Pl. 15. 1891; Gtirke in Engl., Pflanzemw. Ost-Afr. C: 339. 1895; J. G. Baker in Thiselt-Dyer, Il. Trop. Afr. 5: 319. 1900; Moore, Journ. Linn, Soc. Lond. Bot. 0: 168. 1911; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 11: 42, 53--Sh, & 81. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Dis- 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 221 trib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 51 & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 120 & 200. 199. 1906. Synonymy: Vitex buchanani Baker ex Dur., Ind.Kew.Suppl.1:l56. Shrub, about 6 m. tall; branches clothed with dense drab pub- escence, "leaves B-foliolate, long-petiolate; leaflets oblong, u- sually acute at the apex, entire or obscurely dentate, cuneate at the base, pubescent on both surfaces, especially beneath, the central one 5--7.5 cm. long, distinctly petiolulate; cymes form- ing an ample thyrsoid panicle, with densely pubescent branches; calyx campanulate, about 1 mm. long, the teeth small, deltoid; corolla-tube cylindric, less than 2 mm. long, its lobes small, orbicular; stamens not protruding beyond the corolla-lobes,. The species is based on Buchanan 782 from ifyasaland, Other collections cited by Baker, Pieper, ‘and Moore are Buchanan 318 and 385 from Nyasaland, Whyte sen. from l’ount Malosa, Nyasaland, Whyte s sen. from the plains of Zomba, Nyasaland, and Moore 1053 from lower Buzi, Gazaland, Bee tueunee Bast Africa. The species has been found ee nl tastudes of from 2500 to 6000 feet. Citations: TANGANYIKA TERRITORY: Schlieben 161) (N, N--photo, S, Z--photo). VITEX BUCHANANII var. eee Take (Gtirke) Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 11: 54 [as "buchanani"]. 1928. Literature: Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 28: 463-). 1900; J. G. Paker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 520. 1900; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 11: 5 & 81. “1928; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 55. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib, Verbenac., fed. 1]. 50 & 102 (1912) and fed. 2], 117 & 200. 19h9. Synonymy: Vitex quadrangulus Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 28: 463--l.6). 1900. 7. quadrangula Gtirke ex Thiselt.-Dyer, 1.c. 1900. The variety differs from the typical form of the species in its mostly larger leaves and more strongly developed inflores- cences. Pieper asserts that this plant can be no more than a variety of V. buchananii, and with this statement I agree heartily. The actual size of he leaflets cannot be used as a specific charac- ter to separate the two taxa because in the variety the leaflets actually vary from quite large to quite small on the same speci- men. Actually, the Stolz collection cited below shows characters that are intermediate between those given by Baker for V. buch- ananii and those ascribed by Gtirke to V. quadrangula -- its pub- scence is that of the former, while its inflorescence form is that of the latter. The variety has been collected at 1800 meters altitude and is based on Goetze 157 from South Uluguru, Tanganyika Territory. Citations: BRITISH NYASALAND PROTECTORATE: Stolz 512 (N, N-- photo, S, Z, Z--photo). VITEX BUCHNERI Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 166. 189). Literature: Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 166, 1894; J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Tyop. Afr. 5: 331. 1900; Durand, Syll. Fl. 222 PBY T. OcL,.0 6, 18 Vol. 5, Tew,5 Congol. 36. 1909; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Beibl. 141: 5, 58, & 81. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac. fed. 1], lg, 51, & 102 (192) and [ed. 2], 115, 119, & 200. 19h9. A shrub; branches finely tomentose on the younger parts; leaves S-foliolate, long-petiolate; leaflets obovate, 10--13 cm. long, short-cuspidate at the apex, narrowed to the base, pubes- cent above, densely ferruginous—tomentose beneath, very shortly petiolulate; cymes axillary, long-stalked, lax, the branches ferruginous-tomentose; pedicels elongate; lower bracts lanceo- late; calyx campanulate, about 2 mm. long, the teeth lanceolate- deltoid and acute; corolla-tube slightly longer than the calyx, the axial lobe cuneate and deeply dentate; stamens short- exserted. The species is based on Buchner 57) from Kassambo, Angola. Pieper also cites a Durand collection from Belgian Congo. VITEX BUDDINGII Moldenke, Phytologia h: 59--60. 1952. Tree, 25--28 m. tall, 16--21 m. to the lowest branch; trunk diameter at breast height 45--S0 cm., at first branch 31--35 cn.; branches tetragonal, nigrescent in drying, rather densely ful- vous-tomentellous; principal internodes apparently abbreviated; nodes annulate; leaves decussate-opposite, 5-foliolate; petioles slender or stout, often collapsing and flattened in drying, 7.5— 13 em. long (immature), densely puberulent with cinereous or fulvous hair; petiolules slender, 2--7 mm. long (immature), rather densely puberulent; immature leaflet-blades membranous, nigrescent in drying, somewhat lighter beneath, narrow-elliptic, approximately equal in size, h.5--7 cm. long, 1.5--2.1 cm. wide, more or less crenulate-margined, acute at the apex and base, densely lepidote on both surfaces, more or less puberulent be- neath, especially on the larger venation, glabrescent above; midrib slender, prominent beneath; secondaries very slender, numerous, close together, 15--13 per side, divergent-ascending, not arcuate, not anastomosing, prominulous beneath, indiscern- ible above; veinlet reticulation indiscernible on both surfaces; inflorescence terminal, paniculate, rather densely fulvous- tomentellous throughout, densely many-flowered, apparently to a- bout 15 cm. long and cm. wide; peduncles to about 3 cm. long, puberulent with fulvous hairs, nigrescent; sympodia and inflor- escence=-branches densely fulvous-tomentellous, often compressed; bractlets lanceolate, 1--3 mm. long, often recurved, glabrate and nigrescent above, densely fulvous-tomentellous beneath, densely ciliate-margined; pedicels slender, about 1 mm. long, densely fulvous-tomentellous; calyx campanulate, about 2 mm. long, dense- ly fulvous-tomentellous, its rim l-apiculate; corolla and fruit not known. The type of this species was collected by lL. F. Ch. Budding (no. 227) -- in whose honor it is named -- at Melawi, western Borneo, at an altitude of 130 meters, on March 3, 1939, and is deposited in the Herbarium Bogoriense at Buitenzorg. The species is apparently related to V. urceolata C. B. Clarke and V. erio- clona H. J. Lam, as is obvious from the type of ini o Sa ee ee - 1955 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 223 Citations: BORNEO: Budding 227 [Boschbouwproefstation bb. 27010] (Bz--25))0--type, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type); gwaan 1107 [Boschbouwproefstation bb.19065] (Bz--25))3, N). VITEX BULUSANENSIS Elm., Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 10: 3798. 1939. Literature: Elm., Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 10: 3798. 1939; Hill & Salisbury, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 10: 2h. 1947; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 1h2 & 200. 199. Citations: PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Luzon: A. D. E. Elmer 1700) ——_ i VITEX CAESPITOSA Exell, Journ. Bot. 69: Suppl. 2: 1h5. 1931. Literature: Exell, Journ, Bot. 69: Suppl. 2: 145. 1931; Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 9: 297. 1938; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 51 & 102 (1942) and [ed. 2], 119 & 200. 199. I know nothing about this species except that it is supposed to be native to Angola. VITEX CALOTHYRSA Sandw., Kew Bull. 1930: 157--158. 1930. Literature: Sandw., Kew Bull. 1930: 157--158. 1930; Ducke, Anais de Prim, Reun. Sul-Amer. Bot. 3: 398. 1938; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 20 & 26. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 51. 190; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 5h. 1942; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 32, 39, & 102. 1942; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 118. 19h; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 65, 9h, & 200. 199. Synonymy: Vitex pacimonensis Spruce ex Sandw., Kew Bull. 1930: 158, in syn. 1930. Small or medium-sized tree, to 30 m. tall; branches and branchlets rather stout, very medullose, obtusely tetragonal, purplish-brown, decidedly lenticellate with narrow elongate light buff-colored lenticels, finely and rather sparsely puberulent (more densely so at the nodes), becoming subglabrate in age; bark brown, rough; nodes distinctly annulate with a U-shaped an- nulation; principal internodes 2--8.5 cm. long; leaves decussate- opposite, 3-foliolate; petioles stout, 2.5--6 cm. long, convex beneath, conspicuously flattened above, sparsely and minutely puberulent or glabrate, nigrescent in drying, somewhat thickened at the base; leaflets subequal in size or the lateral ones some- what smaller, all conspicuously petiolulate, the petiolules stout, 5--9 mm. long, and similar to the petiole in all respects, often widely margined and canaliculate above; leaflet-blades coriaceous, uniformly dark gray-green on both surfaces, very shiny and lustrous, the central one elliptic, 7.8--18.7 cm. long, 4--8.l cm. wide, rather long-acuminate at the apex, round- ed or obtuse at the base, entire, glabrous on both surfaces [ex- cept for a slight pulverulence along the midrib]; midrib stout, flat or subimpressed above, prominent and often sharply keeled beneath; secondaries slender, 7--15 per side, irregular, arcuate- ascending, the upper ones usually joined near the margins but the lower ones not joined, mostly flat above, prominulent beneath; 22h PHYTOLOGTIA Vol. 5, no. 5 vein and veinlet reticulation rather sparse, often obscure above and only the largest portions slightly prominulous beneath; in- florescence mostly terminal (or a pair of simple panicles in the uppermost axils), thyrsoid-paniculate, massive, 20--36 cm. long, 5--17 cm. wide (or probably much wider when fresh), composed of 1--3 pairs of opposite panicles, each of which is made up of 3-- 10 pairs of opposite subsessile cymes, each cyme rather many- flowered; peduncle (2--5 cm. long) and rachis stout, tetragonal- flattened, medullose, purplish, more densely puberulent than the branchlets (especially at the nodes), annulate at the nodes; sympodia usually greatly elongate, the lateral panicles long- stalked; pedicels 1--3 mm. long, densely short-pubescent; bracts small, usually subtending each pair of panicles, mostly deeply 3- laciniate or 3-lobed, 5--9 mm. long, densely short-pubescent with silky hairs; bractlets and prophylla small, linear or setaceous, 1--2 mm. long, densely short-pubescent; flowers odorous; calyx campanulate, grayish, 1.5--2.5 mm. long, 2--l; mm. wide, more or less densely pubescent outside, nigrescent beneath the pubescence, nigrescent and subglabrous on the inner surface, its rim short- toothed, the teeth often inconspicuous, broadly triangular, 0.5-— 1 mm. long, to 1.5 mm. wide; corolla blue, blue-violet, or "yel- low" [ex Froes], its tube 7--9 mm. long, ampliate to about 3 mn. at the apex, the lowest one-third nigrescent and glabrous, the remainder very densely pubescent, subglabrous or sparsely pilose within, the throat pilose, the lobes bright-blue, minutely velut- jnous-tomentellous within, the smaller ones about ) mm. long and 3.5 mm. wide, the large anterior one to 7 mn, long and 5 mn. wide; stamens inserted about 2 mm. above the base of the corolla- tube, the longer ones 7 mm. long, the shorter ones 6 mm. long; filaments white, densely pubescent toward the base, sparsely his- pidulous or glabrescent above; anthers blue; style about 8 mn, long, hispidulous, its lobes subulate, about 0.5 mm. long, glab- rous; ovary subglobose, to 1.5 mm. long and wide, the upper half very densely pubescent, the lower half nigrescent and subglab- rous; fruiting-pedicels incrassate, about 3 mm. long, densely puberulent; fruiting-calyx subpatelliform, about 2 mm. long, 5--6 mn. wide, undulate or obscurely lobed or split, widely divergent from the fruit, sparsely puberulent on the outside; fruit drupa- ceous, fleshy, obovate or subglobose, 6--13 mm. long, 6--12 mn. wide, glabrous. The type of this species was collected by Richard Spruce (no. 3356) on the banks of the Rfo Pacimoni in Bolfvar, Venezuela, in February, 185), and is deposited at Kew. The species grows on low or inundated land along forested river banks and in terra firma woods, to andltitude of 125 meters, and has been collected in an- thesis from February to April and in June and October. The only common name recorded is "tarum4", The Schomburgk specimens cited below have labels in some herbaria reading "British Guiana", but according to Sandwith, these labels are in error; the collection was made along the Rfo Padawiri (Padauiry] near its confluence with the Rfo Negro in Amazonas, Brazil, in March, 1839. Its leaf- lets are somewhat broader than those seen on the type collection. ay’ immediate publication of all Gece manuscript. — Illustrations will be published according to the desires of the ; ous charge is ; enaete for line ae such as are aihiare r tones, depending on their size, as fixed my the engraver, ‘He a about $2.25. fied botanists. y Under the present cost of printing, the basic rate for a page or fracti thereof is approximately $3.00 for an edition of 250 copies. T his price is subje ject ‘f iPad een to change without notice, since it depends entirely on the prices pret ailing: in the printing industry. ‘Stine Vas as of 250 copies is also furnished gratis to > contributors. cae 1, Rove ‘Upon request, the editors will send diétaited instructions re preparation of manuscript or further information about the _ quiries may be addressed to the magazine or to either editor. a — , PHYTOLOGIA. "Designed to expedite botanical publication July, 1955 No. 6 . CONTENTS "hs H. N., Notes on new and noteworthy Tome XX NE Sb ie a Tae Glas OSM ERE NORE SAA ou Shi Mle 225 LDENKE, A. N., Book TITS Cee SS au as Ne de a Co ns 230 ACHINO a ae Blatine AE Re aon LSet 231 ESS » B., FLOrbus uTOOTIVENSIS TIT ci kai ha 233 DENKE, A. N, Materials toward a mer omae of the “genus | Vitex. 1m Fy MURAL IU SLUR DOCS cami St Ga Cay 257 Published tie Harold N. Moldenke and wine Li. Kidtenbe: 15 Glenbrook Avenue Yonkers Bs New York | ? Price of this number, 75 cents; per volume, $5 in advance | _ Vol. 5, No. 5, was issued aun 15, 1955 ¥) NOTES ON NEW AND NOTEWORTHY PLANTS. XX Harold N. Moldenke NEORAPINIA Moldenke, nom. nov. Rapinia Montr., Mém. Acad. Lyon 10: 243. 1860 [not Rapinia Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 127. 1790]. NEORAPINIA COLLINA (Montr.) Moldenke, comb. nov. Rapinia collina Montr., Mém. Acad. Lyon 10: 243. 1860. AEGIPHILA UMBRACULIFORMIS Moldenke, sp. nov. Frutex; ramis simplicibus nudis dense puberulis; foliis ver- ticillatis sessilibus membranaceis ad apicem caudicis confertis obovatis acuminatis integris utrinque glabris ad basin attenuat- is-subacuminatis subamplexicaulibusque; inflorescentiis termin- alibus solitariis erectis capitoideis cymose brachiatis dense multifloris; calyxe campanulato puberulente, margine 5-lobato,. Shrub, 1--1.5 m. tall; stem unbranched, naked, rather densely puberulent; leaves whorled, borne in a dense umbrella-like clus- ter at the tip of the stem, sessile, membranous, dark-green a- bove, lighter beneath, obovate, 39--2 cm. long, 15--18 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, attenuate-subacuminate to a subamplexicaul base, entire, glabrous on both surfaces or minutely puberulous along the midrib above; midrib stout, flat above, prominent be- neath; secondaries slender, about 12° per side, arcuate-asc ending, joined in many slender loops near the margins, flat above, pro- minulous beneath; veinlet reticulation very fine, rather abund- ant, rather obscure above, the larger portions subprominulous be- neath; inflorescence terminal, solitary, erect, head-like, cy- mosely branched, densely many-flowered; peduncles rather stout-— ish, about 7 cm. long, densely puberulent like the stems; cyme- branches slender, densely puberulent; pedicels slender, sparsely puberulent, about 5 mm. long; foliaceous bracts absent; bractlets linear, 1.5--3 mm. long, densely puberulent on both surfaces, rather numerous; calyx campanulate, about 3 mm. wide and 2 m. long, puberulent outside, its rim deeply 5-lobed, the lobes tri- angular, sharply acute, about 1 mm. long; corolla not seen. The type of this very distinct species was collected by Harvey Elmer Stork and Ovid Butler Horton (no. 9495) in black humus on low ground in deep forest at Tingo Maria, at the confluence of the Huallaga and Monzon rivers, Huanuco, Peru, at an altitude of 700 meters, on October 25, 1938, and is deposited in the herbar- ium of the University of California at Berkeley. CLERODENDRUM ZEYHERI Moldenke, nom. nov. Clerodendron violaceum Zeyh., Hort. Schwetzing. 5) ex Link, Enum. Hort. Berol, 2: 127, hyponym. 1821 [not C, violaceum Gtrke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 28: 303. 1900]. 225 226 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 6 GMELINA SIAMICA Moldenke, sp. nov. Arbor; foliis oppositis; petiolis crassis minute puberulis; foliis coriaceis crassis ovatis ad apicem rotundatis vel subacut- is, integris, ad basin rotundatis vel truncatis, supra glabris, subtus sparsissime puberulis vel glabrescentibus; inflorescentiis multibrachiatis multifloris subdensis dense brunneo-puberulis; calyce campanulato purpureo dense puberulenti, margine )\-Lobato. Tree, to 8 m. tall; bark grayish-brown, smooth, sparsely len- ticellate, the outer portion papyraceous, the inner part green, about 0.5 cm. thick, brownish when cut; branches and branchlets stout, coarse, tetra-onal, the younger parts minutely puberulous, glabrescent in age; nodes not annulate; principal internodes 1-- 3.5 cm. long; leaf-scars large, prominent, coarse, corky, broadly crescent-shaped; leaves decussate-opposite; petioles stout, 15— 20 mm. long, minutely puberulous, nigrescent in drying; blades coriaceous, heavy, dark-green above, lighter beneath, ovate, 9-- 15 cm. long, 5.5--10 cm. wide, rounded or subacute at the apex, entire, rounded or truncate at the base, glabrous above, very sparsely puberulous beneath or glabrescent in age; midrib stout, flat above, very prominent beneath; secondaries slender, 5 or 6 per side, ascending, slightly arcuate, flat above, prominent be- neath, joined in many small loops near the margins beneath, the uppermost one often confluent at the leaf-apex when the latter is rounded; veinlet reticulation abundant, more or less obscure a= bove, very slightly prominulous beneath; inflorescence about 9.5 em. long and 3--) cm. wide, many-branched, many-flowered, rather dense, the peduncles rather stout and about 3 cm. long, densely nuberulous with brovmish hairs, as are also the rachis, its branches, and the pedicels, all rather stout, coarse, and purple; bractlets apparently caducous; calyx campanulate, purple, about 5 mm. long and wide, densely puberulent outside, its rim deeply -lobed; corolla infundibular, pinkish-purple, its tube 10--12 mm. long, about 5 mm. wide at the apex, densely tomentellous a- bove the calyx on the outer surface, the limb about 15 m. wide, zygomorphic; anthers dark-purple. . The type of this species was collected by Tem Smitinand (no. 1920) at Loei, Phu Krading, Sala Chomphon, in northeastern ~ Thailand, at an altitude of about 1300 meters, on September 13, 1954, and is Royal Forest Department no. 9437, deposited in the H. N. Moldenke Iierbarium at Yonkers, New York. LIPPIA VOLKII Moldenke, sp. nov. Ramis ut videtur longis gracilibus obtuse tetragonis striato- sulcatis glabris vel in sulcis puberulis; foliis cecussatis nlerumque confertis conduplicatis; petiolis gracillimis minwtis sime puverulis; laminis tenuiter chartaceis uniforme griseo- viridibus oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis acutis vel subacutis leviter crenatis vel subintegris utrinque glaoris et conse resinoso-punctatis, ad basin acutis; inflorescentiis cavitatis. Stems apparently long and slender, obtusely tetragonal, more or less longitudinally striate-sulcate, glabrous or winutely puberulous in the sulcations on the younger parts, with rather 1955 Moldenke, Hew and Noteworthy Plants 227 _ few short side-branches; nodes annulate; principal internodes 3—- 8 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, usually clustered on greatly abbreviated twigs, usually conduplicate-folded in press- ing; petioles very slender, 1--2 ma. long, very minutely puberu- lous; blades thin-chartaceous, uniformly grayish-green on both surfaces, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 2--5 cm. long, --10 m. wide, acute or subacute at the apex, shallowly crenate or suben- tire, acute at the base, glabrous and densely resinous—punctate on both surfaces; midrib very slencer, impressed above, prominu- lous beneath; secondaries very slender, 5 or 6 per side, arcuate- ascending, not anastomosing at the margins, somewhat impressed above and prominulous beneath; veinlet reticulation sparse, in- conspicuous on both surfaces; inflorescences capitate, fascicu- late in the twig-axils and uppermost leaf-axils, usually or 6 per node, 1—-2.7 cm. long, ascending; peduncles. very slender, very minutely puberulous and resinous-punctate, 3--15 mn. long; heads oblong, 5--10 mm. long, 5--7 mm. wide, densely many-flower- ed, compact, not elongating after anthesis; bractlets broadly ovate, about 3 mm. long and 2.5 mn. wide, acuminate at th» apex, densely puberulent and resinous-punctate, ciliolate along the margins; corolla-tube 3--3.5 mm. long, densely puberulent out- side, the limb about 2 mm, wide, densely puberulent on the outer face. The type of this species was collected by Otto Heinrich Volk in Southwest Africa in or about 1951 ani is denosited in the Staatsherbarium at Munich, Germany. ~ XMALUS HOPA Moldenke, nom. nov. Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. x HM. pumila var. niedawetzkyana (Dieck) Schneid. ex Rehd., tian. Cult. T,ees & Shrubs, ed. 2, 393. 1940. XMALUS RUBELLA Moldenke, nom. nov. Malus ioensis (Wood) Britton x ki. punita var, niedzwetzkyana (Dieck) Schneid. ex Rehd., Man. Cult. & Shrubs, ed. 2,° 398. 190. VERBENA ANDALGALENSIS Moldenke, sp. nov. Herba perennis; caulibus gracilibus multibrachiatis; ramis gracilibus densiuscule patenteque albo-pilosis erectis; foliis _ decussatis numerosis sessilibus late lineari-oblongis tenuiter ' chartaceis vel membranaceis utrinque uniforme griseo-viridibus _integri vel 2-dentatis utrinque dense strigoso-pubescentibus; _inflorescentiis terminalibus dense spicatis, spicis capitatis. Perennial herb growing from a woody taproot, sending up many ' stems from its apex; stems slender, often many~branched, the _ branches wiry, rather densely sproeading—pilose with soft white hairs, mostly erect, to 20 cm. tall, apparently much grazed and ee stubby; principal internodes See mm. long; leaves decuss- ate-opposite, numerous, sessile, broadly linear-oblong, thin- _ chartaceous or membranous, l. rier cm. long, uniformly sray-green “on both surfaces, entire or with 2 sharply acute lobe-like teeth ‘ ; 4 228 PAH oY 2 rO Ee Ore Fok Vol. 5, népre toward the apex, densely strigose-pubescent with white hairs on both surfaces; venation indiscernible; inflorescence terminal, densely spicate, the spikes short and head-like, the floriferous portion 1--2 cm. long and wide; peduncles very slender, 1-2 cm. long, densely spreading-pilose with white hairs; bractlets very short, lanceolate, about 2 mm. long, white-strigose on the back and long-ciliate along the margins, attenuate to a very sharp a- pex; calyx long-tubular, about 10 mm « long and 1.2 mm. wide, densely white-pilose, its rim 5-toothed; corolla hypocrateriforn, bluish-rose, its tube glabrous, projecting 1--2 mm. from the calyx-mouth, its limb 5--6 mm. wide. The type of this species was collected by Pedro Jorgensen (no. 1613) at Papa del Arenal, at an altitude of 2700 meters, Andal—_ gala, Catamarca, Argentina, in March, 1916, and is deposited in the herbarium of the University of California at Berkeley. VERBENA CHACENSIS ifoldenke, sp. nov. Herba; caulibus simplicibus vel 2=brachiatis tetragonis pro- funde sulcatis dense breviterque pubescentibus, pilis erectis plerumque glanduliferis; foliis decussatis sessilibus ellipticis vel anguste ellipticis acutis argute irregulariterque serratis, ad basin cuneato-acuminatis et amplexicaulibus, supra scabris et obscure breviterque pubescentibus, subtus densiore bre ee pubescentibus, pilis glanculiferis; inflorescentiis spicatis. Herb, 0. ipo: 5 m. tall; stems simple or branching into two at the base, tetragonal, deeply sulcate between the angles, densely short-pubescent with erect mostly glanduliferous hairs, less densely so toward the base; vorincipal internodes 3-——-5. é cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, sessile, elliptic or narrow-elliptic, 6--7 cm. long when mature and wakes cm, wide, the upper ones much narrower and oblong, often recurved, acute at the apex, cuneate~acuminate to the amplexicaul base, sharply and irregular-. ly serrate from above the cuneation to the apex, scabrous and ob— scurely short-pubescent above, more densely short—pubescent with glanduliferous hairs beneath; midrib slender, impressed above, very prominent beneath; secondaries slender, about per side, ascending, not arcuate, ending in the teeth, impressed above, very prominent beneath; veinlet reticulation very abundant and conspicuous, impressed above and very ‘prominent beneath; inflor- escence terminal, spicate,usually with one shorter side-branch, densely many-flowered; peduncles similar to the stems in texture and pubescence, about 9.5 cm. long, with a gall-like globular protuberance above the mid-point; floriferous portion of the spikes 3--8 cm. long, the unper flowers densely overlapping, the lower fruits more distant; rachis densely short-pubescent with brownish glanduliferous hairs like the stems; bractlets lanceo- late, about }; mm. long, equaling or slightly surpassing the calyx, pilose on the back, ciliate-margined; calyx tubular, about 3 mn. long, strigillose, its rim minutely 5=toothed; corolla about h. 5 ma. long, its Limb 2 mm. ‘vide. The tiype of this snecies was collected oo Teodoro Rojas [Has- sler 2459) at Lomal Clavel, latitude $.23°20!, in the Gran Chaco, 1955 Moldenke, New and Noteworthy Plants 229 Paraguay, in November, 1903, and is deposited in the herbarium of the University of California at Berkeley. VERBENA SEDULA Moldenke, sp. nov. Herba 1 m. alta; caulibus ramisque tetragonis valde sulcatis brunneis glabris; foliis decussatis; petiolis gracilibus glabris vel parce setulosis; laminis ellipticis acutis irregulariter serratis utrinque glabris vel parce setulosis; inflorescentiis terminalibus paniculatis multibrachiatis, floribus spicatis, spicis dense multifloris, floribus contiguis; calyce pilosulo. Herb, about 1 m. tall; stems and branches tetragonal, rather conspicuously sulcate and ribbed, brownish, glabrous; nodes annu= late, often with white setulous hairs; principal internodes 3.5-- 5.5 em, long; leaves decussate-opposite; petioles slender, 1.5-- 2 cm. long on mature leaves, glabrous or with a very few setulose hairs; blades thin-chartaceous, brunnescent in drying, elliptic, h--8 cm. long, 1--2.7 cm. wide, acute at the apex, rather irregu- larly serrate from below the middle to the apex, glabrous on both surfaces or with a very few scattered setulose hairs; midrib slender, subimpressed above, prominulous beneath; secondaries very slender, about 6 per side, subimpressed above, prominulous beneath; veinlet reticulation rather abundant but often obscure, sometimes the larger parts prominulous beneath; inflorescence terminal, forming an open panicle about 20 cm. long and 15 cm. wide, many—branched, the small flowers borne in spicate fashion on the branches, the individual spikes to about 1h cm. long and 5 mm. wide, densely many-flowered, the flowers contiguous and partly overlapping; peduncles and inflorescence-branches slend- er, tetragonal, glabrous or with a few scattered setulose white hairs; bractlets subtending each calyx lanceolate-ovate, about 2 mm. long, acuminate, more or less ciliate-margined toward the base; calyx tubular, about 3 mm. long, sparsely pilosulous, its rim 5-toothed; corolla white, about ) mm. long, its limb about 3 mm, wide. The type of this species was collected by Robert I. Bowman (no. 81) at an elevation of 2500 feet on the north slope of the main peak on Indefatigable Island (Santa Cruz), Galapagos Is- lands, on February 15, 1953, and is deposited in the herbarium of the University of California at Berkeley. AMYGDALUS PERSICA f. AGANOPERSICA (Reichenb.) Loldenke, stat. nov. Amygdalus persicd var. aganopersica Reichenb., Fl. Germ. Exc. © 647. 1832. _ AMYGDALUS PERSICA var. COMPRESSA (Loud.) Moldenke, comb. nov. 2 Sn eee Persica vulgaris var. compressa Loud., Arb. Brit. 2: 680, fig. 397. 1838. _AMYGDALUS PERSICA f. SCLEROPERSICA (Reichenb.) Moldenke, comb. nov. Prunus persica f. scleropersica (Reichenb.) Voss in Putlitz & 230 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 6 Meyer, Landlex. 6: 34:5. 191h. XPRUNUS MARIANNA Moldenke, nom. nov. Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. x P. munsoniana ‘Jight & Hedr. or P. angustifolia Marsh. ex Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees & Shrubs, ed. 2, 57. 19), OE XPRUNUS MOTLEYI tioldenke, nom. nov. Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. x P. salicina Lindl. ex Rehd., ian. Cult. Trees & Shrubs, ed. 2, 57. 190. XPRUNUS MOTLEYI var. ATROPURPUREA }’oldenke, nom. nov. Prunus cerasifcra var. atropurpurea Jaeg. x P. salicina Lindl. ex Rehd., Ian. Cult. Trees & Shrubs, ed. 2, 457. 190. BOOK REVIEWS Harold "J. Molcenke "Practical Mycology: Manual for the identification of fungi", by Sigurd Funder; 16 pp., h9 text figures, 160 line dravings, 1 chart. Stechert-Hafner, Inc., 31 East 10th Street, New York. 1953 This little volume should be on every botanist's library shelf. It contains a simple introduction to the science of myco- logy, giving an explanation of the chief characters on which the identification of fungi is based, with definitions of terms em- ployed. There is a survey of the classification of fungi. Prob- ably the most interesting part of the book, however, is the ex- tensive series of line drawings depicting the most important gen- era and species of funsi of particular interest to the general student, to the medical mycologist, and to the plant pathologist. A key to fungi attacking the human body is included, Tt will interest the taxonomist to note that Funder includes the siime-molds among the fungi, rather than considering them to represent a separate branch of the thallophytes. What he actually calls tnem is a "division of sub-phylum" -- a term which, I sup- pose, might be regarded as equivalent to a Super-class,. On2 could wish for more books like this one to popularize the lower groups of plants for the student of the phanerogams. There are so many hundreds of good books, of all sizes, which treat the flowering plants in general and of various specific regions and which treat them in all possible degrees of technicality. w2 need more books like Funder's to explain in simple language and interesting style the complexities of the cryptogams. ELATINE IN HAITI Joseph V, Monachino The writer stated in the previous number of this journal (Vol. 5, No. 5, p. 185) that Holdridge 1875 from Haiti, dis- tributed as Bergia sessiliflora Grisebach, is an Elatine, prob- ably a new taxon. It since has been possible to evaluate the species and compare it not only with the American material of the genus but also, in a more cursory way, with the descrip- tions and available specimens of the Old World representatives, Notwithstanding its striking appearance because of great size, our plant has flower and seed characters which place it un- doubtedly with the amphigean E, triandra Schkuhr, and following Fassett's interpretation (Rhodora 41:367-376. 1939), it is judged as worthy of only infraspecific distinction, A new va- riety is here proposed for the Haitian plant. However, it was not easy to decide on the varietal rather than formal or phase- al category, for it is known how potent is the effect of habi- tat on E, triandra. Even the seed morphology may be affected by the isolation of colonies in different ponds or other hydro- phytic sites strewn intermittently throughout the world. The present record is the first for Elatine in the West Indies. The only other member of the Elatinaceae reported for the Car- ibbean area is Bergia capensis L. ELATINE TRIANDRA Schkuhr var. HAITIENSIS Monachino, var. nov, Planta aquatica robusta, foliis elliptico-lanceolatis, 11-16 mm. longis, -5 mm. latis; seminibus 0.5-0.7 mn, longis, 0.27 mm, diametro, cum 10 lineis separatim ex alveolis 18-19 formatis, An exceptionally robust and luxuriant aquatic variety, with the aspect of a large Callitriche; stem long, about 5-6 mm. thick, rooting, the internodes up to 25 mm, long; leaves ellip- tic-lanceolate, up to 16 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, minutely retuse at apex, narrowed at base, remotely punctiform-crenulate, teeth 4 or 5 on each margin; flowers almost sessile, 3-merous (stig- mas sometimes 2 apparently), the sepals about 0.7 mm. long, 0.4 mm. broad, the petals rounded at apex, about 1 mm, long, 0.6 m,. broad; capsules almost sessile, globose, depressed at apex, surpassing the corolla; seeds slightly curved or straight, about 0.5-0.57 mm. long, 0.27 mm, thick, the pits on seed-coat arranged in 10 rows, about 18 or 19 in each row, elongated hex- agonal and with interlinking angled ends, those toward the ends of the seed becoming smaller and shorter. Type: L. R. Holdridge 1875, Haiti, W. I., Mare Etabli, Mornes des Commissaires, in standing water; Dec. 1h, 193; de- posited in the United States National Herbarium. Isotype in the Missouri Botanical Garden, 231 ’ 232 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 6 E. triandra has been reported from North and South America, Europe, Africa and Asia, and many varieties have already been proposed for the species. Fassett enumerated four varieties for North America and described another for the Andean South America. The typical variety of E. triandra and the var. obovata Fassett are the only reported for Mexico. The seeds of the latter, of all the North American material, nearest ap- proach in appearance those of E, triandra var. haitiensis. Seubert (Elatinarum Monographia, 1 1845) cited a Bertero collec- tion from Chile under E, triandra. Molfino (Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 3:101. 1926-1928) stated that the species was found in the province of Mendoza, Argentina, surely introduced from Chile in 1919. Seubert proposed E, triandra var, micropo- da (with pedicellate flowers) from Senegambia, Africa; J. Trochain described var. robusta from the same area; Makino listed his var. orientalis for Japan. Fassett also recognized four formae of E, triandra in North America; f. submersa Seubert (said to be probably introduced in Skowhegan, Maine, but surely native in Wisconsin) is the one with the largest leaves, Other robust forms are the European E. triandra f. callitrichoides Ruprecht, described as a partic- ularly large aquatic form, and f. stenophylla Seubert, described and illustrated by the author in his monograph. E. oryzetorum Komarov (Bull. Jard. Bot. Acad. Sc. URSS 30:206. 1533) was de- scribed as differing from the submersed form of E, triandra in its greater stature and broader leaves, stems 20=25 cm. long, leaves 11 m, long, 2=3.3 mm. broad, seeds with apex more plane; it suggests nothing but a form or variety of E. triandra. Fassett classified the North American species and varieties of Elatine. Six or seven species have been described for South America. The two for Brazil are E. Lindbergii Rohrbach, with ovate to ovate-lanceolate leaves often cordate at base, and E. Glaziovii Niedenzu, with sepals as long as the petals. E. Fassettiana Steyermark, from Mérida, Venezuela, and E. peruviana Baehni & Macbride have pedicellate flowers. E. nivalis Spegaz- zini (estipulate, according to the author), from Mendoza, Argen- tina, and E, chilensis Gay are tiny in size. According to Mac- bride, Flora of Peru, "E. microphylla Grisebach" (that is, Lechler 2687 from Puno, Peru) is probably E, triandra var. andina Fassett. The South American species have not been stud- ied critically. To know what the relationship is between the American and the Old World taxa, for example such species as E, gratioloides A. Cunningham and E. ambigua Wight, it is neces- sary for a monographer to revise the whole genus, HORTUS DUROBRIVENSIS III. Bernard Harkness ACER, Linnaeus - Sp. Pl. 1753 ACERACEAE - Maple Family. Acer acuminatum, Wall. KHAUNSING MAPLE Himalayas Wallich ex D. Don - Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 1825 me re re re me ee ee ee es ee ee ee es ae ee Kriissmann 23 (1951) Though not a tree for this climate, it has been persistent in sending up shoots to eight or ten feet in a planting made about 35 years ago from a dis- tribution by the Arnold Arboretum. [In its proper zone it should be a pleasing green-barked small tree ‘with its three leaf lobes extended to long points. "Native of Nipaul in Sirinagur, where it is called Khaunsing", G. Don - Gardener's Dictionary. 1831. Acer campestre, L. HEDGE MAPLE Europe, w Asia. Linnaeus - Sp. Pl. 1753 Howard 153 (1947); Wyman 116 (1951). A mature specimen of unknown age in Highland Park, growing without restrictions to a natural develop- ment, has made a tree 35 feet tall and with a branch spread of 36 feet. Its several trunks twist and turn. The names of Common Maple (Bean) and Field Maole (Krifssmann) indicate its prevalence in the European countries. Hedge Maple points to a use not commonly made of it in this country. By the middle of October its fall coloring is a mixture of yellow and green. Acer capillipes, Maxim. KISOGAWA MAPLE Japan Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St.Petersb. 1867 Bean I, 149 (1950); Kruissmann 24 (1951) Emphasis is placed lately on a search for smaller trees of value in gardens of limited area. Kisogawa Maple, which name is here proposed for the first, is a worthy candidate to fulfill this need for several 233 23h PAY PO L0G ik Vol... 55. Migiaae reasons, Its bark is a striking combination of green with light striations. Its leaves, in outline much like our native Striped Maple, are reddish in unfold- ing and in mid-October were noted as variously red, purple and green. Fruiting is abundant in long de- corative racemes. Trees in Durand-Eastman Park are in woodland and in Highland Park are under taller trees, where they grow well. It should be noted that the A, capillives of Sargent's accounts of the Japan- ese flora (Mt. Hakkoda) was later found to have been A. Tschonoskii by Rehder, who cites only two col- lections of true A, capillipes to have been made: Tschonoski'ts discovery in 1864 and Sargent's col- lection of seed in 1892 along the Kisogawa from which the Arnold Arboretum distribution of plants was made. Acer cappadocicum, Gled. CAPPADOCIAN MAPLE c & w Asia Gleditsch in Schrift. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Ber. 1785 em ee a ee ewe a ae ae ae i ae ee we i ee Blackburn 75 (1952); Pourtet 506 (1949) Variety in plantings of large-tree mazles could be had by more use of the Cappadocian Maple. [In the limy soil of Highland Park it has thrived, making a broad-headed tree. With its shallow lobes, the leaf pattern is crisp and distinct. It is in the Norway Maple section with milky sap in the leaf-stem one of its characteristics. Kriissmann remarks on the gold- en-yellow of the leaves in autumn; our trees showed only vartly green, partly yellow leaves at the time of their falling in mid-October. Acer cappadocicum f. rubrum, (Kirchn.) Rehd. RED CAPPADOCIAN MAPLE Daghestan Render in Jour: ‘Arn: Arb. °1922 Bean I, 149 (1950); Kriissmann 24 (1951) The redness of this form is evident in the leaves only on young terminal growth or on occasional suck- ers from the roots or the trunk. Normal leaves quickly turn green. [In the autumn coloring there appear some reddish tints but not too markedly dif- fering from the type. 1955 Harkness, Hortus Durobrivensis 235 Acer carpinifolium, S & Z. HORNBEAM MAPLE Japan Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Phys-Math. Cl. Akad. Wiss. Munch. 1845 em ee ee ee a ee ee eee ae ee ee Bean I, 150 (1950); Wyman 117 (1951) Another candidate to satisfy the mocern demand for small trees is Hornbeam Maple. Hardiness is proven by a specimen remaining from plants or seeds received here in 1920. [Its real value is hard to de- termine as our one plant in Seneca Park is on the border of woodland where its growth has been forced one-sidedly toward the light. From other reports, however, it seems well recommended. Its leaves ina non-maple pattern make an interesting variation. Acer circinatum, Pursh VINE MAPLE w North America Pursh Fl. Am. Sept. 1814 ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee a Dom. For. Ser. 248 (1949); Wyman 117 (1951) This west coast species must have been among the first maples planted in the Highland Park collection. It produced seed there in 1919 from which a great many plants were raised which, placed in varied situ- ations, have demonstrated various uses for Vine Maple in this area. In an exposed area of scant soil depth (along St.Paul Boulevard, south of Veterans! Bridge) they are low, bushy shrubs with exceptional fall col- oring. In Durand-Eastman Park they grow in the dense shade of tall trees as woodland sub-shrubs often with somewhat recumbent trunks. [In sheltered areas they grow into small trees of 20 foot heights. Where ex- posed to the sun, the leaves are as brilliant as any maple in autumn color. Acer cissifolium, (S. & Z.) K. Koch TREFOIL MAPLE Japan K. Koch in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd-Bat. 1864 me a rs ee ee ee ee ee Blackburn 74 (1952); Kruissmann 24 (1951) A seed collection made in Japan by E. H. Wilson, #11259, is represented in Highland Park by a tree planted in 1924. possibly from injury to its trunk at the height of two feet, it split up into many 236 Pin Jour. Arn. Arb. 2229235 me ee ee ee me a eae ae a a ee ee = Bean I, 157 (1950); Pourtet 510 (1949) One tree in a remote section of Durand-Eastman Park remains of a distribution of seed made by the Arnold Arboretum directly from the collector in China, J. Hers, his #2800. Natural seedling pro- duction has occurred. Hers Maple is notable for bright, shining green bark on the branches, white- veined in contrast. The leaves are in the same pat- tern, though smaller, as our native Striped Maple. Planted in 1932 in sandy soil, in 1 939 noted as 10 feet high, our plant is now about 18 feet. Acer japonicum, Thunb. FULLMOON MAPLE Japan Thunberg - Fl. Jap, 1784 Bean I, 158 (1950); Kriissmann 27 (1951) With the term Japanese Maple securely linked to A. palmatum, the virtues of Fullmoon Maple are apt to be overlooked. Though two horticultural varieties were lost in the winter of 1933-34, a plant of the typical form raised from scions from the Arnold Arboretum in 1924 survived. It is now fifteen feet high. The numerous lobes of the leaf present a pattern that is unusual. Autumn coloring is considered good but last October its leaves had withered and fallen in con- 1955 Harkness, Hortus Durobrivensis 239 trast to A. palmatum which still made a fine show of color. Acer leucoderme, Small CHALK MAPLE se United States Small in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 1895 Krissmann 28 (1951); Pourtet 514 (1949) Finding it "restricted to a few localities in the deep valleys of the southern Appalachians and the Piedmont region", Desmarais in a recent study of Su- gar Maple relationships, (Brittonia 7:5 1952) con- siders Chalk Maple to be an intermediate type deriv—-. edfrom A. floridanum and A. nigrum. Plants were re- ceived from the Arnold Arboretum in 1902 and the Biltmore Nurseries in 1906. It is interesting that another intermediate type arose here from a cross be- tween Chalk and Eastern Sugar Maple, see A. seneca- ensis. Autumn coloring of the leaves of this small tree is a pleasing reddish-orange. Acer macrophyllum, Pursh OREGON MAPLE w North America Pursh - Fl. Am. Sept. 1814 er a ee a ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ae a ae ei Dom. For. Ser. 250 (1949); Wyman 118 (1951) In one woodland position in Durand-EKastman Park near Lake Ontario, Oregon Maple has matured into tree form some forty feet high and bearing fruit. [In Highland Park it freezes back to ground level but for many years has regularly sent up shoots to ten feet or so. Leaves a foot across are not uncommon, the fruit is also large and hairy. First introduction here was from the Barbier Nursery, Orleans, France in 1907. Acer micranthum, S. & Z. PAGODA MAPLE Japan Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Akad. Wiss. Munch. 1845 Bean I, 161 (1950); Krtissmann 28 (1951) Completely charming is this shrubby small tree. For its leaves in 5-lobed pattern with double ser- rations and on reddish petioles, for its long pendant 2h0 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 6 racemes of fruits, for its green streaked bark and for its smaller growth habit it should be acclaimed as a tree for modern landscapes. We received plants from the Arnold Arboretum in 1906, but as our plant until recently was labelled A, Tschonoskii it may have come as late as 1921 by error under that name. In the severe winter of 1933-34 it froze back to ground level and its present 15 foot height is a- chieved since that winter. Pagoda Maple holds its leaves very late in the season and after the middle of October exhibits a brilliant, glowing red color. Acer Miyabei, Maxim. MIYABE MAPLE Japan Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 1888 Bean I, 161 (1950); Mottet 117 (1942) About a dozen trees are in the Highland Park col- lection ranging in height from 20 to 35 feet. Plants were first received from the Veitch Nursery in 1903 and 1907. It is a broad-headed tree which with its light tan-colored bark, roughly ridged, makes a pleasant variation among the maples. Twigs, leaves and fruits are conspicuously hairy, though a tree with almost glabrous fruit has been noted in the col- lection here. Autumn coloring of the leaves is yel- low and rather fleeting as the leaves drop by the middle of October. Acer Mono, Maxim. MONO MAPLE e Asia Maximowicz in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 1857 Blackburn 75 (1952); Kriissmann 28 (1951) As it is widespread in nature, Mono Maple might be expected to exhibit variations. A variant labelled here as microphyllum has smaller leaves and short an- nual growths which give a dense foliage mass and a different ornamental effect. It seems, however, not to be a recognized name. Other variations are in the leaf color from yellowish to bright green and in leaf petiole color from pale yellow-green to reddish. Mono Maple appears to approach maturity here as a round-tosped tree when from 35 to 40 feet in height. In autumn its leaves turn yellow, later becoming brown by mid-October as they start to drop. 1955 Harkness, Hortus Durobrivensis 2h1 Acer Mono var. tricuspis, Rehd. ec China Rehder in Jour. Arn. Arb. 1938 Krtissmann 29 (1951) In 1914 we received three plants of this variety of Mono Maple from the Veitch Nursery in England of which two survive. They have a short trunk which breaks up into several branches with a resulting vase Shape in outline. The three-lobed to entire leaves, smaller than the tyve, are distinctive among maples. Our trees have fruited and the horizontal samaras are in contrast to the only slightly divergent wings of typical Mono Maple. Seedlings raised here indicate that the variety is a stable one. [It holds its leaves unchanged in color until late October. Acer monspessulanun, L. MONTPELIER MAPLE Ss Europe, w Asia Linnaeus - Sp. Pl. 1753 Krissmann 29 (1951); Pourtet 503 (1949) Though imported from both Veitch and Barbier in 1907, but one tree remains in the Highland Park col- lection. [Its small, trident-like leaves are conspic- uously glaucous beneath. In height our tree is about 30 feet; a somewhat crowded location has prevented normal crown development. Despite its southern range Montpelier Maple apparently is hardy and adaptable, as Krussmann suggests, to adverse situations. It holds its leaves late in the fall, with yellow and orange coloring appearing early in November. Acer Negundo, L. BOX-ELDER North America Linnaeus - Sp. Pl. 1753 ee ee ee ee ee ee ee Bean I, 162 (1950); Wyman 119 (1951) In Highland Park there is a corner of low-lying land where proper drainage is prevented by highways. In this area thrive several trees of Box-Elder. They are from near Cincinnati, Ohio where seed was col- lected by R. E. Horsey in 1915 when he was making plant surveys for Prof. Sargent. In this region the Box-Rlder is not thought to be an ornamental tree. 2h2 Pn To POrk Gerba Vol. 5, no. 6 By mid-October its leaves have yellowed and partly fallen. Acer Negundo var. pseudo-californicum, Schwer. Schwerin in Gartenflora 1893 Kempe Pl. 40 (1940) The interest that Eurogeans had in Box-Elder is indicated in that we had this plant from Veitch in 1907 and from Spaeth in 1908. Most of the varieties were named by European botanists. The above, pre- sumably segregated from seedlings from the west coast, has Light green branchlets ana mostly three leaflets. Our trees are now in the forty-foot range. A herbar- ium specimen shows a rich sumac-red autumn color for this variety. Interest is presently maintained in Europe in the varieties of Box-Elder as the current catalogue of Pierre Lombarts, Zundert, Netherlands lists eight varieties. Acer Negundo var. texanum, Pax TEXAS BOX-ELDER s central U7 6s. Pax in Bot. Jahrb. 1886 Pubescent three-foliate leaves, pale bloomy twigs and fruit on a short stalk are characteristics of Texas Box-Elder. As Peattie has suggested these geo- graphical forms are separated on rather slight botan- ical variations which do not alter much their orna- mental use. Highland Park has one plant which came from the Arnold Arboretum in 1924. It is now about 38 feet in height and a vigorous slant though too crowded for full crown development. Acer Negundo var. violaceum, (Kirsch.) Jaeg. ec United States Jaeger in Jaeger & Beissner - Ziergeh. ed. 2 1554 ae a a ae ae aa a aa a ae aera cee wr rw se eee Bean I, 163 (1950); Blackburn 74 (1952) The variety of Box-Elder with young branches violet and with a bluish, glaucous covering from the Mississivoi Valley nas established itself within park areas as it has elsewhere in the east. 1955 _— Harkness, Hortus Durobrivensis 23 Ager. nigrum, Michx. °f. BLACK MAPLE North America Mapheaux ff. — Hist. Arps Am. . 2Eke Dom. For. Ser. 254 (1949); Peattie 460 (1950) Were I to disseminate Black Maple from the Ro- chester maple collection, I should choose one tree which bears large foliaceous stipules. This most convincing character for identification of Black Ma- ple has long been known, v. Garden and Forest, IV, pb. 148. However, Desmarais in Brittonia 7:5 has shown that stipules are present in perhaps but half of ma- ples which exhibit the other leaf characteristics of Black Maple as yellowish-green under surface, pubes- cence of short, erect hairs and drooving margins. Acer nigrum f. ascendens, forma nove. A tyvo recedit ramis ascendentibus. No botanical recognition has been found for the upright growing Black Maples. Desmarais (Brittonia 7:5) notes that Beal in 1894 found in his Michigan field studies of native maples one very narrow and eleven upright trees of A. nigrum. The type tree is a plant growing in Highland Park, cv. 'SLAVINS UP- RIGHT!, which has been fully described by B. H. Sla- vin (Nat. Hort. Mag. 29:3). Swecimens are deposited in the Highland Park Herbarium. Acer nikoense, Maxim. NIKKO MAPLE Japan, ¢ China Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 1868 a a a a ee ee a ae ea ae ae ee Kriissmann 29 (1951); Wyman 119 (1951) The outstanding ornamental feature of Nikko Maple is its splendid autumn coloring, a brilliant rose-red preceded by celicate rose-pink shadings. The pubes- cent branchlets and leaves are useful for its recog- nition. There is no record of our trees ever fruit- ing. One plant remains from importations from Veitch in 1899 and 1906. Another tree now thirty feet high came from the Arnold Arboretum in 1911 and represents Sargent's seed collection, #3337, in Japan in 1892. 2h Pl ly ET Ook ag Ek Vol. 5, -timeune Acer Opalus, Mill. ITALIAN MAPLE s Europe Miller - Gard. Dict. 1768 a me ee ee ae ae ae Howard 158 (1947); Pourtet 505 (1949) Plants obtained from the Arnold Arboretum from 1912 to 1915 are reduced to two remaining specimens which have attained heights of 18 feet, appearing shrubby with several stems from the base of the tree. Herbarium specimens indicate that its early spring flowers are showy. Its leaves with short, wide lobes are an interesting and different pattern in maples. Acer palmatum, Thunb. f. atrolineare, Schwer. BLOODVEIN JAPANESE MAPLE em a ae ae a i Blackburn 83 (1952); Krissmann 32 (1951) This Japanese Mavle form is the least vigorous in our collection. It is shrubby and of intermediate height and unless svecial attention is given it be- comes leggy and generally unattractive. The leaves are of interest being divided to the base into five lobes, linear, entire or remotely serrate and green when unfolding, then turning red when mature. Our material was obtained as scions from the Bobbink and Atkins Nursery in 1923 and 1924. Acer palmatum f. atropurpureum, (Vanh.) Schwer. BLOODLEAF JAPANESE MAPLE Schwerin in Gartenflora 1893 em ee ee ee ee re a a ae a ee a es Bean I, 166 (1950); Van Melle 184 (1943) Through the year a glowing red colior effect is displayed on the maple hillside in Highlanc Park, the result of planting the Bloodleaf Japanese Maple in generous groups. [It grows to a 20 or 25 foot tree usually with more than one stem from the base. The 234-34 inch leaves are red from the beginning and have seven lobes all sharply and doubly serrate. Scions came from the Bobbink and Atkins collection in 1923 and the following year. 1955 _ Harkness, Hortus Durobrivensis 2hs Acer palmatum var. dissectum, (Thunb.) Mig. THREADLEAF JAPANESE MAPLE Miquel in Arch. Neerl. Sci. Nat. 1867 ee ee Krtissmann 32 (1951); Wyman 120 (1951) Their finely divided leaves in cool green color give the impression of a very choice plant to Thread- leaf Japanese Maples. Never over three feet in height here, old plants widen out by curiously branching and intertwining stems until broad mounds well covered with foliage result. They have been very tolerant of encroaching shade which may indicate that close. association with other plants affords some winter protection. So delicate a leaf, too, needs partial shading from summer sun. Propagating mater- ial was received from Bobbink and Atkins in 1924. Acer palmatum f. ornatum, (Carr.) Schwer. SPIDERLEAF JAPANESE MAPLE Schwerin in Gartenflora 1893 a ae ee a , Blackburn 83 (1952); Kriissmann 32 (1951) No less, perhaps even more, strong in growth than ‘its green counterpart, the Threadleaf, Spiderleaf Japanese Maple with red finely cut foliage grows the same type of mounds. As with many of the red-leaved forms of Japanese Maple, it enters an unsightly co- lor stage in the fall in contrast to the always hand- some green forms. From the New Jersey nursery of Bobbink and Atkins in 1924 material of this form was secured. Acer palmatum var. palmatum, (K. Koch) Rehd. THUNBERG JAPANESE MAPLE Japan Rehder in Jour. Arn. Arb. 1938 Blackburn 82 (1952); Van Melle 182 (1943) This double designation is understood to stand for the small tree form with the dense foliage mass pro- duced by numerous very fine branchlets at the ends of the branches and with leaves of two inches or less having seven lobes in a normal green color. Thun- _berg's name was associated with this variety by Pax. It is accepted as a natural variety. In the col- _ lection are seedlings raised from various forms 26 PPy TOL OG Pe Vol. 5, mow which revert to this stronger growing and coarser leaved plant. Acer pensylvanicun, L. STRIPED MAPLE North America Linnaeus - Sp. Pl. 1753 a ee a ee a ae ee ee Finlay 67 (1934); Little 39 (1953) Striped Maple is indigenous within the areas in which Rochester Parks were developed, but an addi- tional 25 plants from a nursery source were set out in 1925. It is a plant best naturalized and left a- lone to maintain itself by reseeding in areas best suited to its development such as half-shaded borders of woodland. Acer platanoides, L. NORWAY MAPLE Europe, w Asia Linnaeus - Sp. Pl. 1753 Krussmann 32 (1951); Wyman 121 (1951) Though not without faults, Norway Maple has lately been depended upon for the greater part of planting A on Rochester's city streets. As space becomes more confined both for root run and top growth, resource must be made to trees of lesser statue. In our parks we hose always to have room for the 60 foot branch spread of a mature Norway Maple. Acer platanoides f. colummare, (Carr.) Schwer. COLUMNAR NORWAY MAPLE Schwerin in Gartenflora 1893 _— a a a ae ae a Bean I,169 (1950); Wyman 121 (1951) As rapid in growth as the type but lacking the broadly spreading secondary branches, Columnar Norway Maple becomes a broad column in maturity. It has considerable value for a vosition which can support a vigorous tree but where a limited top spread of branches is desirable. Our tree is derived from pro- pagating materials received from the Arnold Arboretum on 1923. 1955 Harkness, Hortus Durobrivensis 27 Acer platanoides f. crispum, (Lauth.) Rehd. CRIMPED NORWAY MAPLE Rehder - Bibliog. Cult. Trees and Shr. 1949 Blackburn 77 (1952) In 1881 Nicholson gave this form the name of cu cullatum and it has been generally grown under this name. Rehder and others found it to be identical with the crispum of Lauthe, named one hundred years earlier. Plants were distributed by Moons Nursery in 1913 and by the Arnold Arboretum in 1922. Our trees are tall and somewhat sparsely branched. The leaves, broadly cuneate, have their short lobes curled and twisted seemingly pulling the leaf into a shallow cup shape. They are a yellowish-green in color. Acer platanoides f. erectum, A. H. Slav. MOUNT HOPE MAPLE heeds eLevin in Am. Midl. Nat. 1931 a a a a a a a ie a ie Blackburn 77 (1952); Wyman 121 (1951) By virtue of its appearance in a row of Norway Ma- ples planted in Mt. Hove Cemetary near the avenue of the same name where the Ellwanger and Barry Nursery progressed to fame, the Mount Hope is linked by Blackburn to this slow-growing macle. It can be dis- tinguished rather easily from the columnare clone by its stouter secondary branches extending stiffly at right angles to the main trunk before turning upward, by a tendency to produce larger than normal leaves and, in maturity, by a conical rather than a columnar outiine. The type tree is now about 50 years old. Acer platanoides f. globosun, (Nich. ) Schwer. GLOBE NORWAY MAPLE Schwerin in Gartenflora 1893 ee ee ee es i Krussmann 32 (1951); Wyman 121 (1951) Globe-headed trees may come back into favor again in the near future for certain urban areas. [In that event attention should be given to Globe Norway Maple as it has all the vigor and tolerance of that species In Highland Park since 1913 (from Moons Nursery in ~Morrisville, Pa.0, top-grafts made at six feet are now supporting globes 15 feet wide by 15 feet high. OLS: Pony TOD OF G5 Vol. 54° Gets Plants budded closer to the ground obtained from the Arnold Arboretum from 1921 to 1923 are now mounds of foliage from the ground to i2 teet high. Acer platanoides f. laciniatum (Lauth.) Schwer. EAGLE-CLAW MAPLE Schwerin in Gartenflora 1893 Bean I, 169 (1950); Kriissmann 32 (1951) Herbarium specimens can be made of the attenuate and curved-lobed leaves of this form justifying the eagle-claw designation very aptly. Lobes of the leaves are not divided all the way to their bases. Bean caiis this the oldest of the many forms of Nor- way Maple. We have no maturing trees;:plants re- ceived here in 1922 did not survive, though we have it now. in smail trees at Durand-Eastman Park. [t is reputed to be a iess vigorous form. Acer platanoides f. palmatifidum, (Tausch) Dans. CUTLEAF NORWAY MAPLE Dansereau in Wat. Canad. 1945 ee a ee ae ae ee ae ee ee ee Blackburn 77 (1952) In 1922 we had buds of what was called Lorberg Maple from the Arnold Arboretum which have resulted in one tree about 30 feet high with a 32 foot spread oi branches. The trunk has curious knotty growths from which spring short branchlets. Investigation showed that the Arnold Arboretum at present has two older trees obviously of this same clone: one label- led palmatifidum trom the Hunneweli Estate original- +y, tne other Llabelted Lorbergii from the Spaeth Nursery originally. Since the lobes of the leaves lack any upward curving and do have their edges mostly drooping, I am calling our plant Cutleaf Nor- way Maple. Acer platanoides f. rubrum, (Herd.) Pax BLOODLEAF NORWAY MAPLE Blackburn 77 (1952); Kriissmann 32 (1952) Despite its name, this form sent out many years ago from the Reitenbach Nursery in Lithuania is no ‘ 4 1955 Harkness, Hortus Durobrivensis 2h9 ; rival tor the newer red-leaf forms. [In late autumn when the Norway Maple leaves turn their iignt yeliow Shades shortiy betore dropping, BLloouleai Norway Ma- pie takes on the duili red mixed with yeilow coloring such as our Red Oaks exhibit. Our tree trom tne Eliwanger and Barry Nursery in 1907 is now only 39 feet in height due to suppression by other trees. ' Acer platanoidaes i. Schwedleri, (K. Koen) Scnwer. SCHWEDLER MAPLE Schwerin in Gartenflora 13893 ee ee ae ee eae ae ee ee ee Bean I, 169 (1950)3; Wyman i241 (1951) Schwedler Maple has been for many years a stanc- ard nursery oftering to those who Likea the reauish spring coloring of its leaves. [Jt attains the same Size as typical Norway Maple; the Highland Park tree was supplied by Ellwanger and Barry in 1907. [In au- tumn the red of spring does not reappear except in the veins giving a nice accent to the soft yellow of the November change of color. Lateiy clones have been introduced in which the dark red coloring is permanent in the leaf. We have 'CRIMSON KING! irom Wayside Gardens in 1948. Acer platanoides f. undulatum, (Dieck) Pax CRINKLELEAF NORWAY MAPLE Om a a a a ee Krussmann 33 (195.1) Introduced by the German nurseryman, Georg Dieck, in 1885, Crinkieteaf Norway Mayle is less well known being omitted from most. iists oi Norway Mapie forms. It is a vigorous grower, however, as our tree from Ellwanger and Barry in 1907 was pianted very close between an old Siver Maple and 2 Red Oak. Between ' them it has pushed up to 40 feet in height with a full growth of branches. [It represents a group with bullate or blistered Leaves which are deeply cordate with undulate margins. 250 Pry? OL:.0 Gk Vol. 55 nessa Acer Pseudo-Platanus, L. SYCAMORE MAPLE Europe, w ASia Linnaeus - Sp. Pl. 1753 a es a ee a ee ee ee ae ae es Kriissmann 33 (1951)3 Wyman 122 (1951) Though there are excellent old specimen trees in the Rochester Parks, and an occasional planting ea- long city streets, Sycamore Mapie has not proven as denvendable a tree in respect to hardiness and Long life as the Norway Maple. Olid trees have an espec-— ial charm derived from the rlaking bark characteris-— tic. No autumn coloring is shown as the Leaves gen- erally freeze while still hanging green on the tree. Acer Pseudo-Platanus f. Worleei, Rosenth. GOLDEN SYCAMORE MAPLE ° Rosenthal ex Schwerin in Gartenfiora i893 me a a i a a a a ee ee a ae ae ae a i Bean I, 171 (1950); Wyman 122 (1951) Our Golden Sycamore Mapie is one remaining from six plants imported from the English firm of J. Cheal & Sons in 1915. It was badly injured in the cold winter of 1933-34 and still bears ugly scars from that time. Since then it has regained 30 feet height and as much spread and, being in the open, its round mass is very effective in the spring when its yellowish leaves are most ornamental. Acer Pseudo-Sieboldianum, (Pax) Komar. CHO-SEN MAPLE Korea, Manchuria Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. 1904 em a a a ee ee se ee ee ae ae ee Blackburn 81 (1952); Woeikoff 61 (1941) Distinguished for the purple color of its flowers and fruits, for the white hairiness of young leaves, petioles and pedicels and for the many-iobed leaf in a rounded, even pattern, the Cho-sen Maple is a de- pendably hardy plant for this area. It is doing well both in the Lime-free soiis of Durand-Eastman Park and in the limy soils of Highiand Park. It is a small tree of irregular, graceful growth. We re- ceived a generous gift of 25 plants from the Arnold Arboretum in the fall of 1919. 1955 Harkness, Hortus Durobrivensis 251 Acer rubrum, L. RED MAPLE e N. America Linnaeus - Sp. PL. 1753 ee a a Krussmann 33 (1951); Peattie 465 (1950) One would not expect a tree associated in nature with swamps or cool ravines to be as amenable as it has proved to be in Rochester park and street tree plantings. Its smooth gray bark marks it and gives it value as an ornamental tree. A particular tree of rounded habit was once selected for propagation and is olanted along the Sea Breeze entrance to Durand*Rastman Park. Acer rubrum f. columnare, (Rehd.) Schwer. COLUMNAR RED MAPLE Schwerin in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. 190L a ee a ee se a ee ae ae eae ee Bean I, 172 (1950); Wyman 123 (1951) Though our specimens at Durand-EKastman Park are too young to be appraised, Columnar Red Maple is re- ceiving some attention for planting where lack of Space requires this type of tree. Acer rufinerve, S & Z. BAT MAPLE Japan Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Math-Phys. Cl. Akad. Wiss-Munch. 1845 re ee ee eee ee ee Blackburn 80 (1952); Krussmann 34 (1951) Just as reported by Jackson, Cataiogue of the Trees and Shrubs at Westonbirt, ot its cultivation in England, the oldest Bat Maple in Highland Park has lost its lower branches and seems not disposed to maxe a long-lived specimen tree. It probably came as a small plant from the Arnold Arboretum in 1919. As a young plant it is pleasing for the striped bark of its group. According to Prof. Matsumura, this maple is rarely cultivated in its native Japan. 252 PIY TOLOG 2a Vol. 5, no. 6 Acer saccharinum, L. SILVER MAPLE e N. America eee ee ee me a ee ee ee ew ee ee ee ee a ewe Dom. For. Ser. 253 (1949); Kempe Pl. 42 (1940) Notations on the file caed for Siiver Maple in- clude the vurchase of a thousand young trees from an Ohio nursery in 1909 and the same number from Barbier in France seven years later. Some of these are now the mature trees on Rochester's city streets that worry us in every wind storm. [In the parks where protected by terrain from wind damage, Silver Maple has produced magnificent specimens. The cut- leaf, the weeping and the pyramidal forms are also grown in the collection. Acer saccharum, Marsh. SUGAR MAPLE e N. America Marshall - Arbust Am. 1785 ee Dem. For. Ser. 252 (1949); Peattie 453 (i950) If the Sugar Mapie were a rare tree, we might set a higher value on its glorious contribution of fall color. It has not been neglected, however, in the park plantings and especially at Genesee Valley Park there are numerous fine specimens. It appears, also, to be reasonably durable as a street tree in Rochester, though not as tolerant of adverse condi- tions as the Norway Maple. Acer saccharum f. columnare, (Temple) gradus novus Acer saccharinum columnare, F. L. Temple Catalog 1885-86. non hort. AGér saccharinum monumentale, F. L. Tempie. Catalog 1887-8é Acer saccharum nigrum monumentale, (Temsie) Sud- worth —- Nomencl. Arb. FL. U.S. 1897 Acer saccharum f. conicum, Fernald in Rhodora.1934 — ee Bibliog. Cult. Trees and Shrubs. 1949 i A 1955 Harkness, Hortus Durobrivensis 253 If one carries present day nomenclaturai trends to a Logicai conclusion, one forma name should be sufficient for all of the upright habit forms of Sugar Maple. The earliest name I find is given a- bove. The original description states, "grows in a compact, columnar shape". As introduced into cuLti- vation, other clones shpuld be given cultivar names. It was necessary to give new cultivar names (see Baileya 2:3) to the two clones introduced by F. L. Temple from his Shady Hill Nurseries, Cambridge, Mass. The confusion concerning Temple's name is in- dicated in the synonymy; his columnare is not the columnare of recent horticultural writing as he clearly indicates by description the clone which I have calied 'Newton Sentry!, now in most collections as monumentale. The original tree still stands in a Newton, Mass. cemetary. The second introduction of Temple's, of which he writes, "grows somewhat wider", he called monumentale, but it has mostly come to be known as columnare. Because of this confusion I have proposed the monumentale name be dropped and that this clone be known as 'Temples Upright!'. The horticultural reversal of Temple's names arose from G. B. Sudworth's nomenclatural treatment which was followed by Rehder, apparently without in- vestigation. Sudworth cited Temple's columnare from the 1889 catalog and rejected it because of A. col- umnaris, Pax (1386). Pax's mention of A. columnaris as a synonym of typical Norway Mapie in Bot. Jahrb. 7 (1836) does not validate such rejection. Moreover, the correct catalog citation as given above gives priority in time of publication to Temple's name. If broadly interpreted, Temple's columnare shouid, I think, include Fernald's f. conicum. [It seems alien to Fernald's philosophy (see his words anent Lombardy Poplar in Gray's Manual, 8th ed.) to have a forma designation for one lone tree which may die without perpetuation of the clone. There have been similar variations in Sugar Maple noted before and -there are, no doubt, more to be found. Dr. A. F. Blakeslee noted such in Torreya 14:8 (19i4), A Pos- sible Habit Mutant of the Sugar Maple (Acer sac- charum). Correspondence with the late Dr. Blakeslee reveaied that the tree he discovered is no Longer diving and that an unfortunate series of mishaps prevented any provagation from it. The two clones now commonly grown are distin- guished as follows: A- Many ascending branches, with no dominant _ central leader; leaves yellow-green, not leathery, '-margins plane (as of Sugar Maple) - cv. TEMPLES 25h Po sT20- TD O-G 17 hi Vol. 5, Sniaeme UPRIGHT. AA- Few ascending branches, with strong central leader and stubby lateral branches; leaves dark green and leathery in texture, margins wavy (as of Biack Maple) - cv. NEWTON SENTRY. Acer saccharum var. Schneckii, Rehd. SCHNECK MAPLE sc United States Rehder in Sargent - Trees and Shrubs II. 1913 An Arnold Arboretum distribution in i907 of a Gat-— tinger, Tenn., form ot Sugar Mapie is now determined to be this variety. There were three trees in High- land’ Park- labelled A. ss Rugelii, of which one.@s Black Mayle and the other tro are Schneck Maple. Ac-— cording to Desmarais (Brittonia 7:5) it is an inter- mediate found in a zone where typical Sugar Maple meets Florida Mayle. Our Schneck Maple trees are now over 40 feet in height. Acer senacaensis, B. H. Slav. SENECA MAPLE A. leucoderme X A.saccharum B. H. Slavin in Phytologia 5:1. 1954 Seed gathered in 1919 from Chalk Maple growing in Seneca Park was found to have been pollinated by Sug- ar Maple. The resulting trees planted in Durand- Eastman Park are now over 30 feet in height with a spreading top. As the originator has observed (Nat. Hort. Mag. 29:3) Seneca Maple is intermediate in most respects between its parents, which brings it into a useful class of trees in respect to habit. Acer tataricum, L. TATARIAN MAPLE se Europe, w Asia Bean 1,175 (1950); Wyman 124 (1951) True Tatarian Maple seems much neglected in favor of Ginnala Maxle in American gardens. It may be dis- tinguished by its unlobed leaves on meture trees; strong shoots show a juvenile character of lLobea leaves and are then difficult to separate from Gin- nala Maple. Tatarian Maple is a good smail tree with no special cultural requirements. Five-foot ylants came to Highland Park in 1907 from the Ellwanger and Barry nursery of which one survives and is 16 feet 1955 Harkness, Hortus Durobrivensis 255 tall in a none too tavorable situation. Acer tegmentosum, Maxim. Manchuria, Korea Maximowicz in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 1856 rr a a ee ee ee ee ee a i i i ee Bean 1,175 (1950); Woeikoff 62 (1941) From the collection, #10727, made by FE. H. Wilson in 1918 we had seeds from the Arnold Arboretum. The resulting trees on a hillside in Durand-Fastman Park were lost track of until recently. Our thriving round-headed trees indicate that A, tegmentosum may be the best of the whole macrantha settion for this area. [In comparison with A. capillipes, it has no redness in unfolding leaves and has about half as many prominent veins; the whole leaf seems greater because of a larger basal section. Acer Trautvetteri, Medv. REDBUD MAPLE Caucasus Medvyedef in Isv. Kavkazsk. Obshch. Liubit. Estestv. 1880 me re re rr we we a ae ae ee ee Krussmann 36 (1951); Pourtet 506 (1949) Though of proven hardiness, Redbud Maple seems attuned to other growth rhythms than ours. About October first it suddenly loses all its leaves and it'is slow to leaf out in the spring. It has made a 35 foot tree of good ornamental value excepting its early bareness in autumn. Two sources are noted, Se Nursery in 1902 and Eilwanger and Barry in : BIBLIOGRAPHY 1950 Bean, W. J. Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles, 7th ed London. 1952 Blackburn, B. Trees and Shrubs in Eastern North America. New York. 1949 Dominion Forest Service. Native Trees of Canada, Ath ed. Ottawa. 1939 Fang, W. A Monograph of Chinese Aceraceae in Contrib. Biol. Lab... Sei. Soc... China. Nanking. 256 L934 1947 1940 LOGE L953 1924 1950 £952 1949 1943 1941 1951 PHY. T ODO eG Tk Vol. 5, .mOes6 Finlay, M. C. Our American Maples and Some Others. New York. Howard, A. L. Trees in Great Britain and Their Timbers. London. Kempe, S. M. Arboretum Drafle. Uppsala. Kriissmann, G. Die Laubgeholze. Berlin. Little, Jr., E. L.: Check List of Native ‘and Naturalized Trees of the United States. Washington. Mottet, S. > Gaon: Se we tBE hi Wf Dawns Fig. 1, 2: Hechtia matudai; fig. 3, h: Tillandsia sanctae- martae; fig. 5, 6: Puya argentea; fig. 7, 8: Puya rauhii; fig. 9, 10: Tillandsia cerrateana; fig. 11, 12: T. reducta. re. Pe =>. z = os a 6 ee =~ - ’ = > r. == : = eee. = eS ae ’ a - % “Seas a en - PHYTOLOGIA is financed entirely by its contributors, each one paying in advance for the entire cost of printing, binding, and distributing his con- tribution. All money received from subscribers, after the expenses of col- lections have been deducted, will be distributed among the contributors upon the completion of a volume, in proportion to the space which they have used. Each contributor is therefore a shareholder in the magazine, assuming his part of the expenses and sharing in the profits, if any accrue. 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Upon request, the editors will send detailed instructions concerning. the preparation of manuscript or further information about the pagar 9 In- quiries may be addressed to the magazine or to either editor. ‘ ee a a a a ee ee ae ae ee ee te hh ed ve | rei BOTAN -PHYTOLOGIA a “Designed to expedite Rotanical publication a) October, 1956 CONTENTS " | Harold N. i Moldepke: Sad Alma L. ‘Woldeake pa hy Glenbrook ‘Avenue — Pris aig i ree York | a) ii) . % ; pS ys sf K E gr Rye PUK Veaeiten tt nie ie" DS” eee ae ; te RM, | ae: : ae "* or Ni / 4 PAT 2 n ru he, , Shee ETA Ti ee er volume, si in » advance fer, J Par init ae » 0 Awe i pee NOTES ON BROMELIACEAE , VIII Lyman B, Smith TROPICAL AMERICA PITCAIRNIA subgenus PITCAIRNIA section PHLOMOSTACHYS (Beer) L. B. Smith, comb. nov. Phlomostachys Beer, Bromel. 16, 45. 1857. tca su genus Phlomostachys Baker, Handb, Bromel. 9. 1589; emend. Mez in DC. Monogr. Phan. 9: 358, Lh7. 1896. PITCAIRNIA subgenus PITCAIRNIA section NEUMANNIA (Brongn.) L. B. Smith, comb, nov. Neumannia Brongn. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 15: 369. 1841. Pitcairnia subgenus Neumamnia Baker, Journ. Bot. 19: 228. 1881; emend. Mez in DC. Monogr. Phan. 9: 359, 452. 1896. ECUADOR TILLANDSIA CERNUA L. B. Smith, sp. nov. In systema artificiosa Veiesia tequendamae (André) L. B. Smith proxima sed vaginis foliorw ara eras cum laminis sub- aequilongis, bracteis Hail sents F ecartatts membranaceis dense cinereo-lepidotis, petalis nudis differt. Short-caulescent, to 7 cm. long with the inflorescence ex- tended; leaves suberect, dm. long, densely appressed- lepidote, sheaths very ample , nearly as long as the blades, dark castaneous, blades narrowly triangular, acuminate, 5 cm. broad at the base, involute, cinereous; scape 6 m. or mre in diameter, white-flocculose becoming glabrous, its upper third decurved; scape-bracts erect, densely imbricate, the upper ovate, acute, subchartaceous, densely cinereous-lepidote; in- florescence densely bipinnate, fusiform, 2) cm. long, 5 cm. in diameter; primary bracts like "the upper scape-bracts, nearly equaling the spikes, rose-red; spikes strict, fusiform, 10 cm. long, 15 m. wide, scarcely complanate; 3 floral bracts lanceo- late, acute, 8 cm. long, ecarinate, membranaceous with broad nerveless margins , densely cinereous-lepidote; pedicels very short; sepals lanceolate, acute, 27 mm. long, very short- connate, thin, glabrous, thickened medianly but not truly cari- nate; petals linear, pale green, naked; stamens nearly equaling the petals, the anthers ellipsoid, black. Pl. I, fig. 1: Habit x 1/105 fig. 2: Primary bract and spike x 1/23 fig. 3: Sepal xl. Type in the U. S, National Herbarium Nos. 1 985, 896 to 1,985 ,898 , collected on trees, paramo, between ’Ofia and Cuenca, Province of. Azuay, Ecuador, altitude 3600 meters, December 3, 1948, by M. B. Foster (No. 2621). VRIESIA DREWII L. B. Smith, sp. nov. A V. arpocalyce (André) fe» Smith, cui verisimiliter affi- 401 402 Pol Y2-0:.1).0 Gd Vel. 5, no. 9 » Spicis angustis, bracteis florigeris densissime imbrica- tis. sepalis subduplo majoribus, petalis maximis differt. Stenless (27), 35 cm. high with the inflorescence extended; leaves 30 cn. long, covered with fine appressed scales, sheaths broadly ovate, small and merging with the blades, castaneous , blades narrowly triangular, acuminate, flat, 3 cm. wide, gray- green; scape shorter than the leaves, curved; scape-bracts erect, densely imbricate, the upper broadly ovate with a long caudate apex, subchartaceous when dry, brown-lepidote; inflo- rescence densely bipinnate, ellipsoid, 12 cm. long exclusive of the petals; primary bracts like the upper scape-bracts but elliptic and merely apiculate, slightly more than half as long as the spikes, pale red; spikes lanceolate, acute, complanate, 10 cm. long, -5-f lowered; floral bracts Linear-lanceolate, 6 em. long, sharply carinate, thin, white-lepidote; pedicels very short, brown-flocculose; sepals linear-lanceolate, 48 mn. long, very short-connate , thin, nerved, sparsely lepidote; petals linear, 12 cn. long, greenish yellow, bearing 2 large acute scales at the base; stamens about equaling the petals. Pl. I, fig. 4: Habit x 1/10; fig. 5: Primary bract and spike x 1/2; fig. 6: Base of petal x 1; fig. 7: Sepal x1. Type in the U, S. National Herbarium, No. 2,143,470, collected in wet rain forest, La Floresta, near Sigsipamba , Province of Imbabura Ecuador , altitude 9200 meters, June 9, 19h, by W. B. Drew (No. E-28h). , PERU TILLANDSIA MICANS L. B. Smith, sp. nov. AT, cauligera Mez, cui affinis, laminis foliorum elongatis, bracteis Part caris glabris ludicisque, petalis albis differt. Short-caulescent; leaves densely polystichous, 25 cm. long, covered with appressed cinereous scales, sheaths inconspicuous and merging with the blades, blades narrowly triangular, filiform-acuminate, 15 mm. wide at the base; scape slender, sulcate, glabrous; scape-bracts erect, densely imbricate, the lower subfoliaceous, the upper broadly elliptic, apiculate, glabrous, lustrous, subcoriaceous, nerved near the margin; in- florescence simple, lanceolate, acute, complanate, 10 cm. long, 2 cm. wide, 10-flowered; floral bracts like the scape-bracts but broadly obtuse with a subapical point, 3 cm. long, ecari- nate, exceeding the sepals; pedicels very short; sepals lanceo- late, obtuse, 23 mm. long, thin with wide membranaceous mr- gins, nerved, glabrous; petals white, the blades elliptic, 12 mm. long; stamens included, the filaments straight. Pl. i fig. 8: Habit x 1/10; fig. 9: Inflorescence x 1/2; fig. 10: Sepal xl. Type in the U. S, National Herbarium, No. 2,220,110, collected in xerophytic scrub, near Calca, Province of Calea, Department of Cuzoo, Peru, altitude 3100 meters, August 7, 195k, by Ramén Ferreyra (No. 9879). 403 Bromeliaceae Smith, Notes on 1956 Fig. 1-3: Tillandsia cernua; fig. 4-7: Vriesia drewii: fig. 8-10: Tillandsia micans. MATERIALS TOWARD A MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS VITEX. VI Harold N. Moldenke VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS L. Additional literature: Kasapligil, Pl. Jordan 102. 1956. Kasapligil records the vernacular names “bawshanih-ul-gar", "hash", "abu-shih", and "officinal chaste-tree" for this species from Transjordan, where he says it is also cultivated. In the wild in that country it grows in alluvial places, along streams, and in sandy valley bottoms. He says that it is used in baths as a treatment for rheumatism. He cites his nos. 1674, 2651, and 2910. VITEX CALOTHYRSA Sandw. Additional literature: Ducke & Black, Bol. Tecn,. Inst. Agron. Norte 29: 25. 195). VITEX GAUMERI Greenn,. Steyermark describes this species as a tree 0 feet tall, with leaves grass-green above and gray-white beneath, found at altitudes of 125--150 meters. Additional citations: GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: Steyermark 45812 (N). VITEX GRANDIFOLIA Gtirke Chevalier admits that his V. lutea is very closely related to or is even perhaps conspecific with V. grandifolia, but he claims that V. lutea is a shrub rather than a tree, its leaflets are petiolulate, , and the fruit is yellowish or yellowseseee "tdevenant ensuite noir pulpe mince couvrant un noyau trés dur", not black when ripe. However, in my opinion none of these char— acters constitutes a valid or reliable difference. VITEX HEMSLEYI Briq. The vein and veinlet reticulation of the leaf-blades is abun- dant, very fine, mostly obscure or indiscernible above, plane or the larger parts subprominulent beneath; inflorescence axillary, paniculate, 11--17 cm. long, 2--6.5 cm. wide, composed of 2=-6 pairs of lateral cymes and a terminal one, the upper ones very small; peduncles slender, --7.7 cm. long, minutely and sparsely puberulent; rachis similar to the peduncles in color, texture, and puberulence; corolla varying from blue to violet or lilac, sometimes white. The type of this species is Jurgens2n 68, said to have come from Oaxaca, Mexico, and deposited in the Delessert Herbarium at Geneva. The Kew sheet is inscribed "most likely from N. Grenada", but the species is endemic to Mexico, and Jurgensen, as far as I am aware, never collected in Colombia. The type of V. capulin is Langlassé 994 from Cuesta del Peregrino, Michoacdn, a Oh, 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 05 Mexico; that of V. leucoxilon is Sessé, Mocifio, Castillo, & Maldonado 2185; that of V. oaxacana is Jurgensen qi fron. Oaxaca; and that of Cornutia pentaphylla is Sessé, Mocifio, Castillo, & Maldonado 2571. ” ~The species is said to grow on hills and sea-cliffs, at alti- tudes of from 00 to 800 meters, and has been collected in flow- er in March, April, and June. Common names for it are "capulin" and Ncapulin blanco", It has been confused by herbarium workers with the genus Citharexylum, and the Brussels specimen of Galeotti Lira was actually identified as "Nyrsine sp," Citations: MEXICO: Guerrero: 0. M. Clark 7188 (N); Langlassé ah B Cb, G, K, P, W--33572), 1013 (B, Cb, Cb, G, K, Me, Me, N, N, P); eebabens Jena 512 (B). Michoac4n: Hinton 13789 (Au, Ld, sh N); Langlassé 994 (B (B, Cb, G, K, Me, Me, N--photo, P, W-- 386318, Z--photo). Oaxaca: Conzatti, Reko, & Waker 31s¢ (E-- 879019) ; Galeotti 527 (Br, P), 795L (B, B a ~ F=-63356, G, N, V, W--5 72383) ; Jurgensen 41 (Cb, F--570903), 68 Pisebrtds shored 24.702] (Cb--type, P--8694)8--fragment of type, F--770895-—photo of type, K--isotype, Kr--photo of type, N--photo of type, N-- photo of type, N--photo of isotype, Z--photo of type, Z-——photo of isotype). State undetermined: Herb. Pavon s.n. ee Espafta ] (a) 5.6.n.. Pea. (X); Sessé, Mocifio, Castillo, & Maldonado VITEX HENRYI Moldenke, Phytologia 3: )88--)89. 1951. Tree, 6--12 m. tall; branchlets slender, tetra.onal, often somewhat compressed, minutely puberulent, brownish; nodes not plainly annulate; uppermost internodes about 5 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 3--5-foliolate; petioles slender, 5--11.5 cm. long, very minutely puberulent; petiolules slender, the outermost 2--3 mm. long, the inner ones to 3.3 cm. long, very minutely puberulent or subglabrescent in age, flattened above; leaflet-blades firmly chartaceous, brunnescent in drying, ellip- tic or oblanceolate-obovate, 7--23 cm. long, 2.5--3.5 cm. wide, long-acuminate or caudate at the apex, entire, acute and some— times slightly asymmetric at the base, practically glabrous on both surfaces; midrib very slightly prominulous above or plane, prominent beneath; secondaries slender, 9--l12 per side, arcuate- ascending, plane or very slightly subimpressed above, sharply prominent beneath, indistinctly anastomosing at the margins; veinlet reticulation rather abundant, slightly subimpressed a- bove, prominulous beneath; inflorescence terminal, paniculate, 15--35 cm. long, 7--19 cm. wide, coiuposed of 5--9 many-flowered branches, the lowermost pair axillary in the axils of the upper- most leaves; rachis and inflorescence-branches tetragonal, usu- ally sulcate, minutely but densely puberulent, nigrescent; pedi- cels very slender, 1--3 mm. long, densely puberulent; bracts, bractlets, and prophylla absent or caducous; calyx campanulate, e--3 mm. long and wide, densely puberulent, its rim subtruncate, minutely 5-apiculate; corolla hypocrateriform, bluish-white, its 4,06 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, mopee tube l--5 mm. long, densely short-pubescent outside with yellow- ish hairs, its limb about 6 mm. wide, the lobes blunt, densely yellowish short-pubescent on the back; stamens short-exserted; fruiting-calyx incrassate, patelliform, 6--7 mm. wide, 5-lobed, striate-veined, lightly and obscurely puberulent on the outside, the lobes 1--1.5 mm. long, rounded; fruit drupaceous, fleshy, subglobose, to about 7 mm. long and wide when dried, wrinkled, glabrous. The type of this species was collected by Augustin Henry (no. 12633) at Szemeo, Yunnan, China, before the year 1901, and is deposited in the Britton Herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden. The species has been collected in anthesis in June, and has been confused in the past with V. quinata (Lour.) F. N. Will. Citations: CHINA: Yttnnan: Henry 9787 (N), 12638 (N--type, N—- isotype), 12638a (N). VITEX ete A. L. Juss., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 7: 77. 180 e Synonymy: Vitex arborea Brown ex A. L. Juss., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 7: 77. 1806 [not V. arborea Roxb., 181, nor Fischer, 1829, nor Desf., 1847, nor Bréon, 1955]. Vitex balbisii Spreng., Syst. Veg. 2: 756. 1825. Vitex lucida Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 102--103. 193k. Literature: A. L. Juss., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 7: 77. 1806; Spreng., Syst. Veg. 2: 756. 1825; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 695. 1847; Griseb., Pl. Wright. 2: 530. 1862; Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 113. 1866; Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 1213. 1895; Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 102--103. 193; Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names 6, lh, 21, & 2h. 1939; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 6 & 7. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim, Alph List I,valid Names 50 & 51. 190; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 53 & 5). 192; l!oldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 25, 26, & 102. 192; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 118. 19h); Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Wames Suppl. 1: 28. 19147; H. No. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 49. 198; Moldenke, Known Seogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 45, 48, & 200. 1949; Roig, Dicc. Bot. 2: 1115. 1953. Shrub or tree, to 17 m. tall; branchlets medium-slender or slender, woody, obtusely or very obtusely tetragonal or subter- ete, gray, with small pith, more or less densely puberulent or short—pubescent with yellowish hairs at the apex when young, becoming less so or even subglabrate in age; leaf-scars rather large on olc wood; nodes not annulate; principal internodes 1— 3.5 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 3--7-foliolate; peti- oles slender, 1.5--6.5 cm. long, convex beneath, conspicuously flattened and canaliculate above, not ampliate at the apex, not conspicuously ampliate at the base, rather densely puberulent with very short cinereous or yellowish hairs or yellow-strigill- ose; leaflets subequal in size or when 3 the central one somewhat larger, or when 5 or 7 the two lowermost more or less reduced, sometimes the central one largest, the 2 or lateral ones med- ium-sized, and the 2 basal ones smallest, all decidedly petiolu- late or the lowermost subsessile; leaflet-blades firmly thick- 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 07 chartaceous or subcoriaceous, dark-green above, somewhat lighter beneath, very shiny on both surfaces, the central one elliptic or subobovate-elliptic, varying to oblanceolate (rarely ovate on stunted leaves), 5--17 cm. long, 3--5.7 cm. wide, rounded or very shortly subacuminate or acute at the apex, varying to ob- tuse and emarginate or retuse on the smallest leaflets, varying from rounded to acute or subcuneate at the base, often slightly inequilateral, entire, often somewhat undulate or subrepand (or even crimped) at the margins, very sparsely and obscurely granu- lar-pulverulent on both surfaces, soon becoming glabrous except for the strigillose midrib; midrib slender, flat or very obscure- ly prominulent in a shallow channel above, strong and conspicu- ously prominent beneath, mostly sparsely puberulent or strigil- lose; secondaries slender, 6--17 per side, usually rather dist- ant, spreading at almost right angles to the midrib, slightly ascending, usually hardly arcuate, mostly furcate and indistinct ly confluent quite some distance from the margins, slightly pro- minulous on both surfaces; vein and veinlet reticulation abund- ant, very fine, slightly prominulous on both surfaces; netiolul- es slender, 1--13 mm. long, more or less puberulent or strigil- lose, deeply canaliculate or submargined, longest on the central leaflet, shortest on the basal leaflets; inflorescence axillary, opposite, paniculate or thyrsoid, 7--15 cm. long, 2--3.5 cm. wide, composed of 2--6 pairs of long-stalked loosely 3-flowered cymes and a terminal one; peduncles 3--6 cm. long, very slender, sparsely puberulent or strigillose; rachis very slender, sparse- ly puberulent or strigillose; sympodia mostly elongate, the lowermost to 3 cm. long; pedicels very slender or filiform, l-- 11 mm. long, glabrate or sparsely strigillose, the lateral ones in each cyme usually much longer than the central one and widely divaricate; bracts few, usually a pair subtending the lowest pair of cymes, simple, stipitate, elliptic, 9--13 mm. long, 3--5 mm, Wide, similar to the leaflets in color and texture; bract- lets few, linear, a pair subtending the upper cymes, 2--5 mm. long; prophylla minute, setaceous, 1 mm. long or less; calyx cupuliform, zygomorphic, about 1.9 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, gla- brous, its margin more or less bilabiate, 5-dentate, the teeth small, acuminate, 3 sinuses shallow and 2 sinuses deep; corolla hypocrateriform, varying from blue to violet or deep-violet, minutely puberulent outside, densely pilose within, its tube in- fundibular, about ).1 mm. long, straight, about 1.5 mm. wide at the glabrous base, conspicuously ampliate and 3.6 mm. wide at the apex, its limb 5-parted, four of the lobes ovate, small, a- bout 2.3 mm, long and 1.8 mm. wide, acute at the apex, the fifth lobe very large, broadly spatulate, venose, about 5.2 mm. long, about 2.8 mm. wide at the base and to 1.5 mm. of its length, conspicuously dilated toward the apex to 4.9 mm., abruptly short- acuminate at the apex; stamens h, didynamous, about 5.9 mm. long, inserted almost at the base of the corolla-tube; filaments slender, pilose, flattened and ampliate at the base and more densely and longer-pilose there; anthers obcordate, about 0.8 mm. long and wide; pistil exserted; style about 5.2 mm. long, glab- 1,08 Pent 0 eee Th Vol. 5, °maaae rous, bifid at the apex, the stigmatiferous branches about 0.5 mm. long, spreading; ovary subglobose, about 1 mm. long and wide, subglabrous; fruiting-calyx patelliform or campanulate, indurate, deeply split and often conspicuously bilabiate, about 2.5 mm. long and 5--6 mm. wide, sparsely strigillose-puberulent or subglabrate, its margin scarious, entire or subentire; fruit sub¢lobose, yellow, lightly 4-sulcate in drying. The species is related to V. umbrosa Sw., of Jamaica, with which it has been abundantly confused in the past. Grisebach, for instance, in the reference cited above, unites it with the Jamaican species. The latter, however, differs in its much larger and more acute leaflets, its much longer and stronger petioles and petiolules, the former being prominently ampliate and disk-shaped at the apex, its large inflorescences, longer peduncles, puberulent calyx, and many other characters. Vitex divaricata Sw. is at once distinguished by its conspicuously di- varicate inflorescences. The original description of Vitex balbisii reads "Foliis ter- natis. V. foliolis obovato-ellipticis obtusis utrinque glaberri- mis subcoriaceis subtus discoloribus, racemis axillaribus sub- compositis. Hispaniola. Bertero". In spite of some discrepancies in this description, I think that the name applies to this spe- cies. I have seen the type specimen and it matches typical mat- erial of the species perfectly. My name, V. lucida, therefore, based on Valeur 630, with the type deposited in the Britton Her- barium at the New York Botanical Garden, must be reduced to syn- onymy. I have seen also what purvorts to be the type specimen of Vitex heptaphylla in the Paris herbarium and this matches Ber- tero's type well. If Jussieu's plant is really conspecific with ours, as seems to be the case, then his name must take priority over that of Bertero. His description reads as follows: "Vitex heptaphylla. Arbuscula? folia digitata septenata, petiolo communi sesquipollicari, petiolulis semi-pollicaribus; foliola ovato-lanceolata coriacea integra glabra interdum pauciora quam septem. Pedunculi axillares, petiolis duplo longiores, trichot— ome paniculati multiflori, floribus parvis. Corolla subvillosa tubulosa quinquelobata, calyce quinquedentato duplo longior. Fructus ignotus, Misit olim Desportes ex Insula Dominica ubi dicitur bois de savane. An eadem cum V. arborea Brown, quae tam- en pentaphylla dicitur?" Various writers have in the past ex- cluded Jussieu's plant from the genus Vitex and have stated that it belongs in the Bignoniaceae. In my Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names (190) and Alph. List Invalid Names (192) I fol- lowed this disposition of the name. After seeins the Paris spec- imen, however, I feel that it is actually conspecific with Vitex balbisii. The "Vitex pentaphylla" referred to by Jussieu is probably that of Sessé & Mocifio or that of Pavon, both of which are synonyms of V. pyramidata B. L. Robinson, rather than that of Lambert, which is the Asiatic V. peduncularis Wall. Specimens of the species under discussion have been misiden- 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex )o9 tified in herbaria as Cornutia. The plant has been collected in open pinelands, semi-arid pine regions, siliceous ground, and on hillsides, from 200 to 700 meters altitude, flowering in January, May, and June, and fruiting in June, July, and August. Common names recorded for it in Cuba are "malave" and "penda", in Haiti "bois de savane", "bois des savannes", and "gri-gri", and in the Dominican Republic "mata becerro" and "palo perrito", Citations: CUBA: Oriente: Acufia & Lépez Figueiras 5330 (Z); Alain, Clément, & Chrysogone A.10h6 (N); Clément 3585 (Ha, N), 1,397 (lia, N); Génent & ; Alain 3906 (Ha); Ekman Ekman 3b (N, N- photo, S, Z--photo); Leén 11801 (H (Ha, N); Leén & Clement 23080 (N); Smith 582 (Es); C. Wright 1355 [Jan.--Jul. 1859] (B, G, K), 1355 [1360] (Br, Cb, Cb, D--611965, E--116113, N, Os, P, V, X). HISPANIOLA: Dominican Republic: Bertero s.n. (B, N--photo, Zs photo); Wknan H.11292 (B, N, S), H.126h3 (6, F--339509, S); Prenleloup 130 0° (B); 435 (B); Rob. Schomburgk 13% (By, 130 1h, Bgemy Ky Siete [1853] (P); Valeur 630 (A, enalels Ch.s Cp, E— 1027717, F-72281, K, K, La, Mi, N), 695 (A, B--1026221, F-- feu, Kk, K, Mi, N, 3), 936 (K, y). Haiti: Buch 620 (B); Des- portes s Ee rieeb.. pe CE ree (N--photo of tyse, P--type, Z-- photo of type); Eknan H.3988 (B, N, S, wW--130503). VITEX HIRSUTISSIMA J. G. Baker, Kew Bull. 1892: 198. 1892. Literature: J. G. Baker, Kew Bull. 1892: 198. 1892; Durand, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 1: 57. 1906; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb .,62, Beibl. 141 ("12"): 79 & 82, Te 10. 1928; Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Sump. 2: 500. 19); lioldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [edu 1)],) 53 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 123 & 201. 199. Illustrations: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1he"]: pl. 10. 1928. Tall straight slender shrub, 2--); m. tall, simple and un- branchec, apparently leafless except at the apex; leaves appar- ently 3, 4, or more, borne at the apex of the stem, very large; petioles very stout, 10--50 cm. long, deeply canaliculate above, densely hirsute with fulvous hairs to 5 mm. long standing at right angles to the petiole, soon brushing off; leaflets 5, the two lowermost sonetimes much smaller, the central one obovate, 23--70 cm. long, 9.5--25 cm. wide, firmly chartaceous, short- acuminate at the apex, entire, acute at the sessile base, more or less scattered-hirsute on both surfaces with fulvous-brownish hairs, more densely and permanently so beneath, especially along the larger venation; midrib very stout, subimpressed above, very thick-prominent beneath; secondaries slender, 5--12 per side, ascending, slightly arcuate, impressed above, prominent beneath; veinlet reticulation very abundant, at least the larger parts and so etimes all parts impressed above, very prominent beneath, imparting a bullate appearance to the blades; inflorescence ap- parently cauliflorous, cymose but densely fasciculate, apparent- ly often borne in the axils of large foliaceous bracts which are firmly chartaceous, ovate, $.5--19 cm. long, ).5--8 cm. wide, acute or rounded at the apex, entire, cordate at the base, borne 410 PALYT O LO o's Vol. 5, noo on densely spreading-hirsute stout stalks to 1.5 cm. long, hir- sute on both suriaces like the leaflets; peduncles slender, to about 1.5 cm. long, they and the many cyme-branches very densely spreading—hirsute with stiff divergent fulvous hairs 2--3 mm, long; bractlets numerous, linear, 10--15 mm. long, densely hir- sute; calyx campanulate, “herbaceous, its tube 5--7 mm. long and wide, spreading-hirsute, its rim 5-apiculate, the apiculations linear, about 5 mm. long, densely fulvous-hirsute; corolla-tube cylindric, about 12 mm. long, abruptly ampliate above, densely spreading-hirsute above the calyx, the limb very irregular, the largest lip about 3 mm. long, erect, the lateral lobes half as long, all densely hirsute on the back; stamens and pistil ex- serted from the corolla-tube; fruiting-calyx not much changed, slightly enlarged; fruit not known. The species is a member of the Section Digitatae Pieper, and the type was collected by kichard Baron (no. 6585) somewhere in northern iiadagascar in or before January, 1892, and is deposited in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew. The "Index Kewensis" gives page "108" in error for the original publication. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Baron 6585 (K--type, N--isotype, N-- photo of type, P--isotype, Z--photo | of type); Perrier de la Bathie 19052 (N; P;°F, P). VITEX HOCKII DeWild. in Fedde, Repert. 13: 143. 191h. Literature: DeWild. in Fedde, Repert. 13: 143. 191); Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1)2"]: 48, 61, & 82. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 9, 51, & Eee 1912; He N. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 6h. 1918; Molden- er Geogr. Distrib. Jerbenac., fed.:2], Liss igs & 201. ner ullenders, Webbia 11: 509. 1955. Pieper states that this species forms a connecting link be- tween V. grisea J. %. Baker [V. huillensis Hiern] and V. madien- sis Oliv., from which it may be distinguished by its narrower leaflets and by the more prominent leaf-nervation. He cites Hock s.n. from Manika, in Upper Katanga, Belgian Congo, and Baum 229 from Kuelleis and ‘Jellmann 1529 from Quiaka in Angola. ~ The species has been collected in anthesis in October and has been confused in herbaria with V. madiensis var. milanjien- sis (Dritten) Pieper and "Clerodendron sp." The Bredo 1223 cited below is a mixture with V. payos var. glabrescens (Pieper) Mol- denke. Common names recorded for the species are "dihodi", "kafutu-futu", "kafutufutu", and "tschikotomishi". Citations: BELGIAN CONGO: Bredo 4228, in part (Br); Gillardin 139 (Br, Br, Br); Herman 2326 (Br, Br, Br); Mullenders 983 (Br, N)3 ovebinet 1265 (Br)Br, ', N-=photo, pelntiota) | Quarré 1333 (Br), 1928 (Br), 3001 (Br, Br, Be, Ba, BE) 5.5099 (BY) ,-GOTo (irae 7219 (Lr, N), 7425 (Br, Br, N); RRPP. Salésiens $.629 (Br); Van- deryst 2569 (Br). fa dapat ws Gh pe ier VITEX Race Dop, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 57: 20)—— 192 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 411 Literature: Dop, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 57: 20l--205. 1928; Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 9: 297. 1938; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 59 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 137 & 201. 19h9. Tree (?); branches subquadrangular, puberulent and very gland uliferous; bark becoming brown and lenticellate; leaves 1-folio- late; petioles 6--12 mm. long, puberulent, glandulose; leaflet- blades ovate or ovate-oblong, 6--12 cm. long, 2-- cm. wide, a- cute or acuminate at the apex, rounded at the base, chartaceous, entire, glabrous on both surfaces, densely white-glandulose a- bove and densely yellow-glandulose beneath; secondaries 10--16, recurved at the margins; vein and veinlet reticulation conspicu- ous; panicle terminal, lax, puberulent, very abundantly glandu- lose, somewhat foliose at the base; cymules dichotomous, divari- cate, their stalks 6--7 mm. long; bracts and Lractlets very small, linear, glandulose; pedicels about 3 mm. long; flowers a- bout 6 mm. long; calyx campanulate, about 2 mm. long, densely yellow-glandulose outside, its rim subdtruncate, with 5 short ob- tuse lobes; corolla densely yellow-glandulose except for the base outside, its tube villous at the insertion of the stamens and in the throat, the upper lip with two short lobes, glabrous within, the lower lip with the middle lobe larger than the lat- eral ones, slightly villous at the base within; stamens scarcely exserted; ovary glabrous, glandulose at the apex; style equaling the stamens in length; stigma 2-lobed; fruit druvaceous, obconic, black, about 10 mm. long, ) mm. wide at the apex, surrounded by the often bilabiate fruiting-calyx. The species is based on Pierre 1218 and Thorel 2028 from Cambodia. VITEX HOLOCALYX J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyver, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 322--323. 1900. Synonymy: Vitex madiensis var. parvifolia Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. : 33h. 1900. Literature: J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 322--323. 1900; Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. ‘Jelw. f: 334. 1900; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb./62, Beibl. 141 ["12"]: 438, 6h, 32, & 83. 1928; toldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 5). 192; lioldenke, ¥nown Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 51 % 103 (1942) and [ed. 2], 119 & 201. 19h9. Shrub, 2--2.7 m. tall; branchlets densely pubescent; lsaves 1l- or 3-foliolate; petioles 5--7.5 cm. long; leaflet-blades sub- coriaceous, obscurely pubescent above when mature, finely pubes- cent throughout beneath, suborbicular (on 1-foliolate leaves) or obovate-cuneate (on 3-foliolate leaves), entire or crenate, the central one 5--7.5 cm. long and 2.5--3.7 cm. wide; cymes axill- ary, lax, long-pedunculate; calyx campanulate, nearly 3 mm. long, densely pubescent, entire; corolla small, densely hairy outside; fruit not known. The type of this species is Welwitsch 5636 from the province of Golungo Alto, Angola. Pieper refers to this collection under V. golungensis, but apparently in error for no. "5635". Under V. 12 Pe TO) Lo OrG Rk Vol. 5, no. 9 holocalyx he indicates that he was not able to see any material of the type collection and was not able to distinguish the spec- ies in his key from V. madieasis Oliv., V. doniana Sweet, and V. golungensis J. G. Baker. He states that Hiern's disposition of it as a variety of V. madiensis is probably more correct. It is known only from the type collection. VITEX HORNEI Hemsl. in Hemsl. & Turrill, Jagurn. Bot. 55: 285-- 286. 1917. Literature: J. G. Baker, Fl. Maurit. & Seych. 256. 1877; Hemsl. & Turrill, Journ. Bot. 55: 235--286. 1917; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["12"]: 78 & 82. 1928; Mol- denke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 53 & 103. 19h2; H. N. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 65. 198; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 123 & 201. 199. Large tree; flowering branchlets rather stout, stiff, straight and flattened, glaucous-pulverulent when young; leaves 5-folio- late, large on sterile branches, small on flowering branches, all long-petiolate; petioles 6--10 cm. long on flowering branches and 15~-20 cm. long on sterile branches, glaucous-pulverulent; leaflet-blades coriaceous, oblanceolate or obovate to suboblong, 5--30 cm. long (including the petiolules), rounded or sometimes abruptly and obtusely acuminate at the apex, attenuate to the base, glabrous or glabrescent, the margins crisped; petiolules glaucous-pulverulent, canaliculate; midrib stout, impressed a- bove, elevated beneath; cymes composite, dense, about 5 cm. wide, ferruginous-puberulent, pedunculate, borne in the axils of the uppermost leaves and shorter than the leaves; bractlets linear or filiform, 2--5 mm. long; flowers small, numerous, very short-pedicellate; calyx campanulate, 3--l, mm. long, pubescent, its rim very shortly 5-toothed; corolla ventricose, about 1 qm. long, densely tomentose outside, obliquely 2-lipped, the lower lip with its middle lobe much larger, orbicular, crisped, hir- sute at the top on the inner surface; stamens scarcely exserved; filaments fimbriate at the base; style glabrous, included; stig- *. ma shortly bifid; fruit drupaceous, oblong or ellipsoid, 2--2.5 em. long, subtended by a short fruiting-calyx, with a bony endo- carp, obscurely l-sulcate. The species is based on Gardiner s.n. from Mahé, Horne 5h7, said to be common on many parts of the shore of Mahé, and Thom- asset 12), from the Cascade Zstate, Mahé, Seychelles Islands. Pieper is of the opinion that it belongs in the Subgenus Euvitex. It is the unnamed Vitex species cited by Baker in his Flora of Mauritius and the Seychelles. VITEX HUMBERTI Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 436--437. 1951. Tree; branchlets medium-stout, densely fulvous-villous with subappressed antrorse hairs on the younger parts, glabrescent in age; nodes not annulate; principal internodes apparently abbrev- iated; leaves decussate-opposite, 3--5-foliolate; petioles rath- er stout, 3.5--6 cm. Jong, densely appressed-villosulous with 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 413 antrorse fulvous hairs, decidedly flattened above; petiolules unequal, the central one 8--1) mm. long, densely appressed- villosulous like the petioles, flattened and sulcate above, the lateral ones 1--5 mm. long; leaflet-blades rather uniformly gray-green on both surfaces, subcoriaceous, elliptic or obovate, unequal in size, the central ones 6.5--9 cm. long, 3.5--).5 cm. wide, mostly rounded or emarginate at the apex, varying to very bluntly short-mucronate, entire and slightly revolute along the margins, acute or obtuse at the base, conspicuously bullate a- bove, scabridous—pubescent above and beneath, the lateral ones smaller and often asymmetric at the base; midrib slender, deeply impressed and villosulous above, very stout and prominent and fulvous-villosulous beneath; secondaries slender, 6--9 per side, slightly arcuate-ascending, deeply impressed above, very sharply prominent beneath, arcuately joined in many irregular loops near the margins; larger parts of the veinlet reticulation deeply in- pressed above and sharply prominent beneath; inflorescence axil- lary, subsessile, rather few-flowered, very densely fulvous- villous throughout; peduncles not more than 5 mm. long; cyme- branches much abbreviated; bractlets linear-subulate, to 5 mn. long, densely villosulous; calyx turbinate, about mm. long and 2.5 mm. wide, densely fulvous-villosulous, its rim very shortly dentate; corolla cylindric, its tube 2--2.3 cm. long, incurved, about 5 mm. wide at the apex, glabrous at the base but densely soreading-villous with fulvous hairs on the part above the calyx, the lobes about 3 mm. long; the ) stamens and the style exserted about 5 mm. from the mouth of the corolla-tube; fruit not known. The type of this species was collected by Henri Humbert (no. 23793) -- in whose honor it is named -- among ericaceous vegeta- tion on the east summit of Massif de Marojijy, at an altitude of about 1700 meters, Madagascar, on March 25 or 26, 199, and is deposited in the herbarium of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle at Paris. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Humbert 23793 (N--isotype, N--photo of type, P--type, Z--photo of type). VITEX sli var. ANGUSTATA Moldenke, Phytologia 3: )37--))38. ‘ae This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having thin-chartaceous leaflet-blades, of which at least the central ones are narrowly oblanceolate and long-acuminate at both the apex and the base, and densely villosulous on the larg- er venation beneath. It is said to be a shrub 5 meters tall, the calyx covered with bright-orange hairs, the corolla golden- yellow, covered on the outside with orange hairs, the inside of the corolla and the stamens golden-yellow, the anthers brown, the filaments capillary, and the pistil yellow and bifid. The type of the variety was collected at Anony, For@t du Nord, in the Shinaka country, Madagascar, on September 3, 1937. It is Herb. Jardin Botanique de Tananarive 29), deposited in the her- barium of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle at Paris. The variety has been collected at an altitude of 900 meters, bloom- Paar PRY TO. L°0'e WA Vol. 5, no. 9 ing in June. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Cours 277 (P); Herb. Jard. Bot. Tana- narive 29) (N--isotype, N--photo of type, P--type, Z--photo of igneye nt VITEX HYPOLEUCA Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 690. 187. Synonymy: Vitex blancheti Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 26, nom. nud. 1939. Vitex intermedia Schau. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 51, in syn. 190. Vitex blanchetii Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names ll, in syn. 19h1. Vitex blanchettii l’oldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names 11, in syn. 191. Vitex intermedia Blanchet ex lMoldenke, Alph. List invalid Names 53, in syn. 192. : Literature: Schau. in A. DC., Procr. 11: 690. 137; Schau. in Mart., Fl. Bras. 9: 29. 1851; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 26 & 27. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 51. 19),0; Moldenke, Suppl. List Invalid Names 11. 191; Moldenke, Alph. List invalid Names 52 & 53. 1942; Moldenke, Knovm Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 39 & 103. 192; H. N. & A. L. Mol- denke, Pl. Life 2: 50. 1943; Moldenke, K,own Geogr. Distrib. Ver- benac., [ed. 2], 95 & 201. 199. Shrub; branches and branchlets stout, often very heavy, ob- tusely tetragonal, gray, minutely and obscurely puberulent or glabrate in age; young twigs densely fulvous-tomentellous or short-pubescent; nodes not annulate; principal internodes 1--3.8 cm. long, somewhat flattened and ampliate; leaf-scars large and conspicuous; leaves decussate-opposite, 3- or 5-foliolate; peti- oles slender, 6--15 cm. long; petiolules about 1 mm. long and very densely appressed whitish- or yellowish-puberulent with matted hairs, or obsolete; leaflet-blades firmly chartaceous, subcoriaceous, or even coriaceous, nigrescent atove in drying, flavescent or albidous beneath, oblong-elliptic or elliptic, varying to obovate-oblong, .5--9 cm. long, 1.7--3 cm. wide, a- cute or short-acuminate at the apex, entire, acute at the base and attenuate-prolonged into the petiolule, plainly penninerved, densely papillose above on the lamina and strigillose with albi- dous hairs along the midrib and secondaries, glabrescent in age, very densely matted-tomentellous with albidous or flavescent to- mentum beneath; midrib deeply impressed above, slender, rounded- prominent beneath; secondaries very slender, 13--13 per side, short, issuing at almost right angles to the midrib, ascending, rather straight, arcuately joined at the margins, plane or sub- impressed above and conspicuous by their white pubescence, prom- inulent beneath; vein and veinlet reticulation indiscernible on both surfaces or the tertiaries slightly subprominulent beneath; inflorescence axillary, borne above tne leaf-scars on old wood, very small and cymose, 1.5--2.5 cm. long, 1.2--2.5 cm. wide, few-flowered or almost many-flowered, dense and congested, short- pecunculate, very densely tomentellous throughout with flavescent tomentum; peduncles slender, to 1 cm. long or obsolete; bractlets linear-subulate, to 6 mm. long, densely yellowish-tomnentellous; flowers fragrant; calyx campanulate, somewhat angular, 2.5--l mm. 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 15 long, about 2.5 mm. wide, its rim shortly dentate, the teeth broadly ovate, slightly subacuminate; corolla rose, hypocrater- iform, medium in size, its tube about twice as long as the calyx, somewhat ampliate above, sericeous-—pubescent on the outside a- bove the calyx, its limb pulverulent, the l smaller lobes ovate, obtuse, the central lower lobe much enlarged, shortly clawed, rounded, undulate-margined, villous-bearded at the base; stamens and style somewhat exserted. The type of this very distinct species was collected by Jacques Samuel Blanchet (no. 1907) in sandy soil in the woods of the Catingas, Bahia, Brazil, in 133), and was originally desig- nated as Vitex intermedia, but this name was never validly pub- lished, It seems probable that the specimens labeled "1901" are actually part of the same collection. The difference in the fin- al digit of the number is perhaps due to a misinterpretation of the handwriting on the original label. The type collection of V. blancheti is no. 1028 of the same collector. a Citations: BRAZIL: Bahia: Blanchet 1901 (Bm, Cb, E--photo, N, N--photo, Z--photo), 1907 [Macbride photos 7831] (B--photo of type, De--type, F--65688--photo of type, Kr--photo of type, N-- photo of type, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type). State unde- termined: Blanchet 1028 [Macbride photos 30186] (Bm, Cb, Cb, F-- 869625, F--923150--photo, Kr--photo, N--photo). VITEX ae J. Ge Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. 20: 226. 1333. Literature: J. G. Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. 20: 226. 1883; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["lh2"]: 79 & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 53 & 103 (1942) and [ed. 2], 123 & 201. 199. An erect shrub; branchlets woody, slender, gray, obtusely tetragonal, white-pulverulent on the youngest parts, soon glab- rate; nodes not annulate; principal internodes 1--3.5 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 1-foliolate; petioles slender, 7-1 mm, long, minutely pulverulent-puberulent, finally glabrescent; blades firmly chartaceous ("subcoriaceous" according to Baker), oblong or elliptic, rather uniformly bright-green on both sur- faces, 5--10 cm. long, 2.3--l.5 cm. wide, acute or obtuse at the apex, entire, acute or deltoid at the base, glabrous on both surfaces; midrib slender, plane above, prominent beneath, rapid- ly diminishing in size toward the apex; secondaries very slend- er, 6--8 per side, arcuate-ascending, obscure above, prominent beneath, arcuately joined in many loops near the margins; vein- let reticulation abundant, mostly noticeable and very slightly subprominulous above and beneath; inflorescence cymose, congest- ed in the axils of the upper leaves, the cymes only 3- or }- flowered, sessile or nearly so; pedicels filiform, very short, usually only 1 mm, long, minutely puberulent; bractlets narrow, more than twice as long as wide; calyx infundibular-campanulate, 4--6 mm. long, rather densely stellate-puberulent with brownish or canescent hairs, its rim very shortly 5-toothed, the teeth very small, deltoid-cuspidate; corolla reddish, subcylindric, 416 ByY PO LO Gre Vol. 5, no. 9 incurved, 2--2.3 cm. long, the tube 3.5--l mm. wide at the apex, rather densely pilose-pubescent and resinous—punctate on the outside, the lobes very small, semiorbicular, 1--2 mm, long, densely pubescent outside; stamens and style exserted about 1 cm. from the corolla-mouth; ovary merely glandulose. The species is known only from the original collection, made by Langley Kitching in the Ibara country of Madagascar and de- posited in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, Citations: MADAGASCAR: Kitching s.n. [Ibara country] (K-- type, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type). VITEX IMPRESSINERVIA Mildbr. ex Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 1412 ["1h2"]: lh, 57, & 83, hyponym (1923); Pieper in Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 26: 162--163. 1929. Literature: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1h2"]: Lh, 57, & 83. 1928; Pieper in Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 26: 162--163. 1929; Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 3: 29. 1933; Molden- ke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 48 & 103 (19h2) and [ed. 2], 11) & 201. 199. Only slightly hairy shrub; branchlets terete, glabrous; leaves opposite; petioles 8--13 cm. long, glabrous; leaflets 55 petiolules 1--2 cm. long; leaflet-blades herbaceous or thin- coriaceous, obovate, long-acuminate at the apex, entire, cuneate at the base, very densely punctulate above, the epidermal celis very large, the central leaflets over 10 and up to 30 cm. long; vein and veinlet reticulation conspicuously impressed above; inflorescences crowded in the axils of subalate bracts; pedunc- les about 1 cm. long; bractlets linear; calyx plainly separate from the pedicel, campanulate, 2--2.5 mm. long, sparsely pilos- ulous, the hairs appressed and 2- or 3-celled with a l- or 2- celled basal portion and a more elongate and more or less thick- ened end-cell, the rim irregularly 5-dentate or subtruncate; corolla long-tubular, curvate, )--5 times as long as the calyx, over 8 mm. long, its tube more than 1 1/2 times the length of the calyx, the upper portion puterulent and glandulose, the tip of the upper lip 1/5 to 1/3 the length of the tube; ovary glo- bose, smooth, glandulose or with only a few scattered hairs, not elongate. The species is based on Mildbraed 607), collected at Bez. Kribi, Beson, in the southern Cameroons forest area, and is de- posited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum at Berlin. The publication of this binomial in 1923 was not as a "nomen nudum" as some writers claim, since the species can be identi- fied in the key supplied by Pieper, and the type collection is cited. A formal description, however, was not published until a year later. VITEX INTHGRIFOLIA Urb. in Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 18: 369. 1922. Literature: Urb. in Fedde, Revert. Spec. Nov. 18: 369. 1922; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 7. 1939; Moldenke, Known Geo- er. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 26 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 8 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 137 & 201. 199. Medium-sized tree; branchlets and twigs rather slender, woody, gray, obtusely tetragonal, very minutely and obscurely puberu- lent or glabrate; nodes annulate, but not conspicuously so on older wood; principal internodes very much abbreviated, 1—10 mm. long on short lateral twigs, elongate to 3.5 em. on vigorous shoots; leaves decussate-opposite, abundant, 1--3-foliolate, mostly 1-foliolate except on vigorous shoots; petioles slender or stoutish, 3--12 mm. long, convex beneath, conszicuously flat- tened and margined above, minutely and sparsely puberulent or strigillose, becoming glabrate, not noticeably ampliate at the base, rather obscurely jointed at the apex; leaflets (when 3) very unequal in size, the 2 lateral ones much reduced, sessile; leaflet-blades subcoriaceous, dark-green above, much lighter be- neath, very shiny on both surfaces, the central one elliptic, 1.6--13.5 cm. long, 1.2--5.6 cm. wide, acute at the apex, vary- ing to obtuse, rounded, or emarginate, entire, rounded or acute at the base, glabrate on both surfaces; midrib slender, broad and flat above, very prominent and sharp beneath; secondaries slender, few, distant, irregular, 5--12 per side, arcuate- ascending, varying from broad and flat to subimpressed or even subprominulous above, sharply prominent beneath, mostly bifid and very irregularly joined near the margins; vein and veinlet reticulation fine and abundant, subprominulent above, flat or the larger portions subprominulous beneath; inflorescence axil- lary, cymose or racemose, sparse, 1--2.5 cm. long, 1--1.5 cm. wide, 1-~7-flowered; peduncles very slender, 1 cm. long or less, flattened, minutely puberulnt or glabrate; pedicels filifom, 2--9 mm. long, mostly glabrate; bractlets and prophylla linear, 1--2 mm. long; corolla blue. The type of this species was collected by William Louis Abbott (no. 1307) at Lajana, Samand Peninsula, at an altitude of 100 meters, in the Dominican Republic, on April 11, 1921, and is deposited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum at Berlin. The species has been collected in anthesis in April and May, and has been found at altitudes up to 510 meters. Ekman reports it as "very common" on limestone crags and on top of the Pan de Az- ucar, Samand. Ekman H.1)882b at Stockholm shows 2- and 3-folio- late leaves. The Poiteau collection cited below was originally identified as "Athyra sp." and described on the label as "arbor excelsa". Citations: HISPANIOLA: Dominican Republic: W. L. Abbott 1307 (B--type, G--isotype, N--isotyse, W--1079013--isotype); Ekman H.1882a (B, Mi, N, S), H.14882b (B, E--photo, F--339503, N, N-- photo, S, Z--photo), H.15]38 (B, N, S); Poiteau s.n. [St. Domin- gue} (P). VITEX IRAQUENSIS Moldenke, Phytologia : 61--62. 1952. Shrub or tree; branches slender, fistulose, glabrous or prac- tically so throughout, the younger parts compressed and brunnes- cent in drying; nodes annulate; principal internodes 3.3--8 cm. long or longer; leaves decussate-opposite, palmately compound, 18 PHY TOLOGTS Vol. 5, no. 9 3—7-foliolate; petioles slender, 3.5--15.5 cm. long, glabrous, canaliculate, club-shaped at the apex; leaflet-blades membran- ous, dark-green above, lighter green beneath, varying in size from the largest central one to the smallest basal ones, the central one oblanceolate, 6--1 cm. long, short-acuminate or cuspidate at the apex, entire, long-attenuate or cuneate at the base, glabrous on both surfaces, borne on a glabrous petiolule 1--2 cm. long, the lateral ones smaller and borne on shorter petiolules; midrib very slender, often undate in drying, flat a- bove, very prominent beneath; secondaries very slender, 6--10 per side, arcuate-spreading, not anastomosing, flat above, pro- minulous beneath; veinlet reticulation rather sparse and incon- spicuous on both surfaces; inflorescence axillary, cymose, much shorter than the subtending mature petioles; peduncles slender, compressed, l--5 cm. long, nigrescent, glabrous; cymes very loosely bifurcate, rather few-flowered, completely glabrous throughout, nigrescent; bractlets linear, 2--3 mm. long, glab- rous; pedicels slender, 1--2 mm. long; calyx campanulate, about 2mm. long and wide, glabrous, nigrescent, the margin subtrun- cate, minutely 5-apiculate; corolla zygomorphic, pilosulous out- side, its tube sharply curvate or genuflexuous, about 5 mn, long, the lobes small. The type of this species was collected by Yusuf Lazar near Bagdad, Iraq, in July of 1918, and is deposited in the Britton Herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden. It was formerly con- fused with V. grandifolia var. bipindensis (Gtirke) Pieper. Citations: IRAQ: Lazar s.n. [near Bagdad, July 1918] (N-type). VITEX IRINGENSIS Gttrke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 28: 6h. 1900. Literature: Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 28: 6). 1900; J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 521. 1900; Thiselt.- Dyer, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 2: 19). 190); Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["1h2"]: 9, 65, & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbanac., [ed. 1], 50 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 117 & 201. 199. Tree, to 7m. tall, or shrub; crown spreading; bark gray; branchlets densely yellow-tomentose; leaves 5-foliolate; petio- les to 13 cm. long, yellow-pubescent; central leaflet—blades cuneate at the base, to 13 cm. long and 6 cm. wide and short- petiolulate, the two outer blades also cuneate at the base but subsessile and mostly only to 10 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, all are oblong-subobovate, short-acuminate at the apex, entire, cor- iaceous in texture, dark-green and very sparsely scattered- pilose with appressed hairs or glabrescent above, gray-green and tomentose beneath, the apex of the petiolules and base of the leaflet-blades densely yellow-tomentose; inflorescence axillary in the upper leaf-axils; peduncles to 6 cm. long; cymes binary, separate and distinct, densely 20--30-flowered; bracts small, lanceolate, about 2 cm. long and 3 mm. wide, narrowed at the base, entire, of similar consistence and pubescence as the leaf- let-blades, borne on stalks about 2 cm. long; pedicels 2--3 mi. long; bractlets 6--9 mm. long, almost 1 mm. wide; calyx campanu- 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 19 late, 5--6 mm. long, its rim 5-toothed, the teeth deltoid, 1.5— 2mm. long and wide, acute; corolla white, with the largest pet- al blue, its tube subcurvate, 7--8 mm. long, pubescent on the outside, its limb 5-lobed, the lobes rounded, obtuse, the upper one about twice the size of the rest, somewhat crisped; stamens about as long as the corolla-tube, pubescent; style hardly sur- passing the stamens; stigma rather deeply bifid. The species is based on Walter Goetze 548, collected in red sandy laterite on the plateau, altitude 1500 meters, Uhehe, Rug- aro, near Iringa, Tanganyika Territory. It is known only from the type collection, found in anthesis in February. A common name for it is "mkoga", It is said to be related to V. fischeri Gtirke, but is less hairy. when. linea VITEX aaa Gibbs, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 37: 63-- - 1906. Literature: Gibbs, Journ. Linn, Soc. Lond. Bot. 37: 63-6. 1906; S. Moore, Journ. Bot. 5: 94. 1907; Prain, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 4: 248. 1913; Byles, Trans. Royal Soc. South Afr. 5: 59. 1916; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["1)2"]: 47, 60, & G3, Pl, 10. 1928; Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500. 191; Mol- denke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 57 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 119 & 201. 199. Illustrations: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ("1y2"]: pl. 10. 1928. Small tree, about 7 m. tall, with a spreading crown; branches glabrous; branchlets flavous-pubescent when young; leaves 5- foliolate; petioles 6--7 cm. long, yellow-pubescent; petiolules 1--2 mm. long, yellow-pubescent; leaflet-blades dark-green, obo- vate, obtuse or cuneate at the base, varying from rounded or very obtuse to retuse at the apex, gray-velutinous on both sur- faces, the central ones 3.5--5.5 cm. long and 2.6--l; cm. wide, the lateral ones about 3 cm. long and 2.5 cm. wide but often very much smaller; secondaries 9 or 10, flat above, prominent beneath, the median and lateral veins very pilose; peduncles 3.5--5.5 cm. long; cymes flat, equaling the leaves, about 1.5 em. long, 3--5 cm. wide, densely yellow-pubescent; bracts 6-~-7 mm, long, densely yellow-pubescent; flowers small; calyx tubu- lar-infundibilar, about 3 mm. long and wide, obscurely bilabiate, yellow-pubescent outside, its rim 5-dentate, the 3 anterior tzeth about 0.7 mm. long and 1 mm, wide, larger than the 2 pos- terior ones which are only 0.5 mm. long and 0.7 mm. wide; corol- la short-tubular, about 7 mm. long to the end of the anterior lobe, pubescent outside, white with a mauve lip, its tube slightly incurved, exserted about 2 mm. from the calyx, the pos- terior and lateral lobes small, the anterior one very large, or- bicular, crenulate; stamens and style subincluded, the anthers and filaments about 3 mm, long, the style and stigma about 5 m. long. The species is based on Gibbs 236, collected in a cleft of granite rock on the top of Isotje, in the Matopo hills of Rhodes- ia. It is said to differ from V. hildebrandtii Vatke (=V. payos 20 PHITOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 9 (Lour.) Merr.] in its obovate leaflet-blades, which are rounded at the apex, its bracts not equaling the flowers, the calyx be- ing shorter and obscurely bilobed, and in other characters. Pie- per says on page 60 of the reference cited above "non V. isot- jensis Moore", but does not indicate of what the latter is sup- posed to be a synonym. Moore, in his reference cited above, credits the binomial correctly to L. S. Gibbs and cites Eyles 1201, a large shrub with heliotrope flowers, growing on granite formations at Bulawayo. This, apparently, is the collection Pieper excludes from the species. Meeuse, in a letter to me dat- ed December 9, 1953, states that in his opinion V. isotjensis Gibbs may possibly be a synonym of V. harveyana H. I], W. Pearson. Pieper differentiates V. isotjensis from V. mombassae Vatke by its subglabrate ovary and 2-lipped calyx -- V. mombassae having a very hairy ovary and an actinomorphic calyx. VITEX KAPIRENSIS De'Jild. in Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 13: 141— 142. 191). Literature: Deild. in Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 13: ljl— 142. 1914; Prain, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 5: 273. 1921; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ['142"]: 6, 60, & 83. 1928; Molden- ke, Known Geogr. Distrib, Verbenac., [ed. 1], 49 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 115 & 201. 199. Tree; branches more or less tetragonal, brown, short-pubes- cent; leaves 3--5-foliolate; petioles about 1/6 the length of the blades, 3.5--11.5 cm. long, short-tomentose; petiolules to 2.5 cm. long, canaliculate; leaflet-blades elliptic, to 12 cm. long and 5.2 cm. wide, acumimte at the apex, entire, cuneate or rarely rounded at the base, scabrous above, tomentose beneath, the hairs 0.1--0.5 mm. long; secondaries about 17; inflorescence axillary; peduncles 11—13 cm. long, velutinous; flowers not known; fruiting-calyx accrescent, cupuliform, to 11 mn, wide, short-tomentose on the outside; fruit obovate, to 16 mm. long and 11 mm. wide. The species is based on Homblé 1152, collected in the valley of Kapiri, upper Katanga, in February of 1913. It is said to be related to V. fischeri Gtirke and V. bequaerti DeWild. Pieper cites, in addition, Burtt-Davy 17935 from Elisabethville, Belgi- an Congo. VITEX KENIENSIS Turrill, Kew Bull. 1915: )7--l8. 1915. Literature: Turrill, Kew Bull. 1915: 47--l\8. 1915; Prain, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 5: 273. 1921; Fries, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 8: 702. 192); Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 [12"): 46, 69, & 83, pl. 9. 1928; Junell, Symb. Bot. Upsal. : 93. 1934; Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500. 191; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 50 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 118 & 201. 199. Illustrations: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1h2"]: pl. 9. 1923. Tree to 27 m. tall; leaves 5-foliolate; petioles to 13.5 cm. 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 21 long, terete or slightly compressed, ferruginous-pubescent or tomentose; leaflet-—blades oblong-elliptic, short-acuminate at the apex, rounded or subacute at the base, very often slightly oblique, pubescent above especially on the slightly impressed midrib and secondaries, inconspicuously transversely venose, ferruginous=—pubescent or almost tomentose on the prominent mid- rib and secondaries beneath, otherwise pubescent, the central ones 16-—-17 cm. long and about 8.5 cm. wide, with about 16 pairs of secondaries, and on petiolules cm. long, the lateral ones about 15 cm. long and 8.5 cm. wide, with about 15 pairs of sec- ondaries, and on petiolules 3—3.25 cm. long, the basal ones a- bout 10.5 cm. long and 6--6.5 cm. wide, on petiolules 1.5--1.75 cm. long, all the petiolules ferruginous-tomentose; inflores- cence terminal (or sometimes axillary), about 27 cm. long and 2) cm. wide, loosely dichotomous, the branches ferruginous—pubes- cent or -tomentose; peduncles to 13 cm. long; bracts 0.5--1 cm. long, 1--l; mm. wide, glabrous above, densely ferruginous—tomen- tose beneath; pedicels about 1 mm, long; calyx campanulate, a- bout 4 mm, long and wide, its rim subtruncate, with 5 inconspicu- ous broadly triangular teeth about 0.5 mm. long and 1.5 mm, wide; corolla ferruginous-tomentose on the outside, its tube broadly cylindric, gradually ampliate above, about 5 mn, long, about 2.5 mm. wide at the base and mm. wide at the apex, its limb 5-lobed, the anterior lobe orbicular, about 3 mm, long and 3.5 mm, wide, the lateral lobes oblong, about 3 mm. long and 2 mn, wide, the posterior ones oblong-ovate, about 2.5 mm. long and 2 mm, wide; stamens , slightly exserted; anthers about 0.75 mm, long; the 2 anterior filaments about mm. long, dilated and barbate below, the 2 posterior ones about 3 mm. long, bar- bate at the base; ovary spherical, about 1.75 mm. long and wide, barbate at the apex; style about 6 mm. long, slightly exserted; stigma glabrous, bifid; fruit pyriform, about 1.1 mm. long and 0.8 mm. wide, glabrous. The species is based on D. K. S. Grant [Herb. Battiscombe] 846 from Mount Kenya, collected at 1500-1800 meters altitude. Pieper cites Battiscombe 563, Fries 1721 and 180, and the type, all from Kenya, but notes that Fries 180 differs from the rest of the material in having denser and firmer rusty-brown pubes- cence. Turrill states that this is one of the most important timber trees of northeastern and eastern Kenya, where it attains a height of 80 to 90 feet. The wood is light, easily worked, and of a good appearance, the grain much resembling that of teak (Tectona grandis L. f.). The native Meru name is said to be ‘moru" or 'muhuru", The species is easily distinguished, he says, by its oblong-elliptic leaflets which have comparatively long petiolules, the ferruginous tomentum which covers most parts of the plant, and the large dichotomously branched inflor- escences, The persistence and enlargement of the fruiting-calyx, which is characteristic of this and related genera of Verbena- ceae, is very noticeable in this species because of the somewhat isolated position of the fruits with their enlarged calyxes in 22 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 9 the forks of the inflorescence produced by the cymosely dichoto- mous nature of the branching. In the original description the bracts are said to be 0.5—1 ‘mm. long and 1--); mm. wide -- probably a misprint for "cm." as to length; also what are probably meant to be the posterior cor- olla-lobes are referred to as “anticis". VITEX KLUGII Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 101--102. 193k. Synonymy: Vitex triflora x orinocensis Ducke ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 52, in syn. 1940. Vitex amazon- ica Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 26, nom. nud. 1939; Trop. Woods 64: 29--30. 190. Literature: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 101--102. 193k; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 2); & 26. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 52. 1940; Moldenke, Trop. Woods 6): 29--30. 1940; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 55. 192; lioldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 35, 39, 102, & 103. 192; H. Ne & As L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 67. 1918; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 7h, 95, & 201. 19h9. Bush or small tree, to 20 m. tall; trunk to 13 cm. in dian- eter; branchlets and twigs slender or medium-slender, obtusely tetragonal and usually decussate-flattened, varying from brown or brownish to dark-gray, medullose, the youngest parts sparsely pubescent with short scattered hairs or lightly strigillose and granular-pulverulent, becoming puberulent, the older parts glab- rous, somewhat ampliate at the nodes; axillary buds fulvous- hirsute; nodes often annulate; principal internodes 1--8 cm. long; leaf-scars large, corky, very prominent; leaves decussate- opposite, 3-foliolate; petioles rather slender, dark, 2--6.5 cm. long, convex beneath, flattened and canaliculate above, semicir-— cular in cross-section, not much ampliate at the base, slightly flabelliform at the apex, strigillose-puberulent beneath, strig- illose only at the margins or not at all toward the base above or on the margins and in the central channel, usually strigillose throughout toward the apex; leaflets subequal in size or the lat- eral ones slightly smaller, all plainly petiolulate; petiolules subequal or the central ones slightly longer, 2--10 mm. long, slender, strigillose-puberulent, deeply canaliculate and margin- ed, those on lateral leaflets usually only 1-5 mm. long; leaf- let-blades symmetrical or the lateral ones occasionally asymmet- rical, thin-chartaceous or submembranous, rather dark-green a- bove, somewhat lighter beneath, shiny on both surfaces, the cen- tral one elliptic or broadly elliptic, varying to subobovate or obovate-elliptic, 6—22 cm. long, 2.3-—-10 cm. wide, varying from short-acuminate or acuminate to subcaudate at the apex, rarely acute or blunt on stunted leaves, entire, acute or acuminate at the base, glabrous and shiny on both surfaces excest for the minutely puberulent-pulverulent midrib above or obscurely pubes- cent beneath with scattered hairs on the midrib and larger veins, often strigillose on the marsins near the base; midrib slender, slightly impressed above, very prominent beneath; secondaries slender, 10--18 per side, ascending or arcuate-ascending, flat 1956 foldenke, Monograph of Vitex 23 or very slightly-subprominulent above, mostly inconspicuous, sharply prominent beneath, conspicuously arcuately joined near the margins beneath; vein and veinlet reticulation abundant and very fine, mostly inconspicuous or barely indiscernible above or more rarely subprominulent, the larger portions always subprom- inulent beneath; inflorescence axillary or decidedly supra- axillary and borne 6-—-9 mm. above the leaf-axils, cymose, sparse; cymes solitary in or above each axil, opposite, few in nunber, much shorter than the subtending leaves, ).5--9 cm. long, 2--7.5 cm. wide, 3 or times dichotomous, divaricate, very lax and loose, often only one branch of each dichotomy developing, rath- er few-flowered, the branches wide-spreading, sparsely strigil- lose or minutely puberulent throughout, apparently conspicuously bracteate in fruit; peduncles slender, decidedly flattened, 2-- 4.5 cm. long, conspicuously ampliate at the apex and annulate with a band of denser flavescent puberulence, otherwise very sparsely and obscurely short—pubescent or strigillose with scat- tered hairs; cyme-branches flattened, ampliate, sparsely pubes- cent like the peduncles, usually more densely so in annulate fashion at every furcation where the hairs are fulvous; pedicels slender, varying from obsolete to 2 mm. long and densely canes- cent-puberulent, the fruiting-pedicels stout, about 1 mm, long, puberulent or shortly strigose-pubescent; bracts often 2 in nun- ber, borne at the apex of the peduncle, foliaceous, simple, ell- iptic, stipitate, the stalks 5--8 mm. long, the blade 4—7 cm. long and 1.6—3 cm. wide, similar to a leaflet or blunt at the apex and base; bractlets linear, 2--l, mm. long, densely flaves- cent-puberulent; prophylla linear, 1--1.5 mm. long, densely pub- erulent; calyx campanulate, --5 mm. long, 2--3.5 mm, wide, densely appressed—puberulent with flavescent antrorse hairs on the outside, its rim distinctly 5-lobed, the lobes ovate-trian- gular, about 1 mm. long and wide, acute; corolla hypocrateriforn, varying from blue or bluish to violet, with the interior of the upper lip white, its tube infundibular, 7--9 mm. long, slightly ampliate at the apex, very densely short—pubescent with flaves- cent antrorse hairs on the outer surface, the lobes subequal, o- vate, 3--l, mm. long, subacute; stamens , inserted on the corol- la-tube, alternate with its lobes, exserted; style 1; stigma bi- fid; ovary superior, 2-celled, with 2 central ovules in each cell; fruiting-calyx incrassate, subcoriaceous, campanulate or cupuliform, 5--6 mm. long, 10--12 mm. in diameter, venose on both surfaces, strigose-pubescent or puberulent with very short and closely appressed hairs on the outside, glabrous inside, its rim decidedly but rather irregularly 5-lobed, the lobes broadly triangular-ovate, terminating in a short tooth; fruit drupace- ous, hard and dry, narrowly elliptic, 1.2--1.7 cm. long, 6--9 mm. wide, obtuse and slightly umbilicate at both ends, densely short-puberulent throughout with brownish or gray hairs, 2= seeded. The type of this species was collected by Guillermo Klug (no. 625) -- in whose honor it is named — in the forest at an alti- tude of 100 meters at Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, Loreto, Peru, in 42h Bo TOL OG ia Vol. 5, no. 9 December of 1929, and is deposited in the Britton Herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden. The tyoe of V. amazonica was col- lected by Boris Alexander Krukoff (no. 7149) on campinarana alta on the plateau between Rio Livramento and Rio Ipixuna, municipal- ity Humayta, Amazonas, Brazil, on November 10, 193. The species is known only from Amazonian Colombia, Peru, and Brazil, inhab- iting the high primeval forest on non—inundated land, flowering and fruiting from October to January. It ascends to 900 feet al- titude in Colombia. Schultes & Cabrera describe the fruit as "orecen" in January. Ducke in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 11: 590--591 (1932) sug- between V. triflora Vahl and V. orinocensis H.B.K. and that there fore his V. brevilabiata is the same hybrid. This collection, iovever, is certainly V. Klugii anc is not identical with the collections cited by me as typical V. brevilabiata Ducke. Citations: COLOMBIA: Amazonas: Garcia-Barriga 14122 (W— 2053717). Vaupés: Schultes & Cabrera 15112 (2), 1980 (W-— 2172550). PERU: Loreto: Klug 625 (F--513393--isotype, N--type, T--1),5562h--isotype). BRAZIL: Amazonas: Ducke s.n. [Herb. Rio de Janeiro 22529] (B, K, N, N--photo, S, Ut, W--1518518, Z--photo), sen. [Herb. Rio de Janeiro 2396] (N); Krukoff 7149 (Br, F— 373116, N, S), 8688 (Br, F--9276)2, Kr, N, S). VITEX KRUKOVII lMoldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 27, nom. nud. (1939); Phytologia 1: 487--)38. 191. Literature: Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 27. 1939; Mol- denke, Phytologia 1: 437--88. 191; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Dis- trib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 39 & 103. 192; H. N. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 67. 1948; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 95 & 201. 199. Yree, about 16 m. tall; branchlets dark, flattened-tetragonal, very sparsely pilose with scattered hairs; twigs slender, ex- tremely densely and conspicuously villous-tomentose with long fulvous hairs; leaves decussate-opposite, petiolate, 5-foliolate; petioles slender, 6.5--10 cm. long, rounded beneath, flat above, very densely villous-tomentose with fulvous hairs, slightly am- pliate at the apex; leaflets mostly asymmetrical, the central ones noticeably larger than the two lowest and borne on longer petiolules, the young leaves with all the petiolules obscure; petiolules 3--11 mm. long, very densely villous-tomentose with fulvous hairs; central leaflet-blades broadly elliptic or slight- ly obovate, Ae 9 em. long, 6.5--9 cm. wide, short-acuminate at the apex, acuminate or cuneate at the base, entire, villous a- long the midrib above and along both the midrib and secondaries beneath with long fulvous hairs, often also very sparsely so on the veinlet-reticulation beneath; basal leaflets similar but smaller, 6-—-9.5 cm. long, 2.3--).5 cm. wide; midrib somewhat im- pressed above, very prominent beneath; secondaries 10--15 per side, close together, rather straight, abruptly arcuate-joined near the margins; inflorescence axillary, solitary, opposite, 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 425 cymose; cymes capitate, apparently 2- or 3-flowered, 9--9.5 cm. long; peduncles slender, erect, divergent, 7--3 cm. long, dense- ly villous-tomentose with long fulvous hairs (1--2 mm, long, like on the twigs and petioles), apparently bearing a few bract- lets at the apex; flowers not known; fruiting-pedicels obsolete; fruiting-calyx cupuliform, large, about 9 mm. long and 12 mn. in diameter, densely strigose-villous with closely aopressed rather long flavescent hairs, its rim deeply 5-lobed, the lobes trian- gular-ovate, long, rather narrow, acute, and erect; fruit drupa- ceous, ellipsoid or rounded, about 1); mm. long and wide, extreme- ly densely and beautifully villous with long (2--3 mm. long) ful- vous or brown glistening hairs, all forward-pointing and appressed The type of this very distinctive species was collected by Boris Alexander Krukoff (no. 6279) -- in whose honor it is named —- on varzea land on the inundated shore of a creek with blackish water, near Tres Casas, municipality of Humayta, in the Rio Madeira rerion, Amazonas, Drazil, on September 2), 193), and is deposited in the Britton Ilerbarium at the New York Botanical Garden. Only fruiting specimens are knowm thus far. Citations: BRAZIL: Amazonas: Krukoff 6279 (Br--isotype, F-- 37392--isotype, K--isotype, K--isotype, N--type. S--isotype). VITEX KUYLENII Standl., Trop. Woods @: 6. 1926. Synonymy: Vitex stenoloba Standl. ex NMoldenxe, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 52, in syn. 190. Vitex kylenii Standl. apud Matuda, Am. Midl. Nat. lh: 576, sphalm. 1950. Vitex longeracemosa Pittier, in herb. Te OO yea dee Literature: Standl., Trop. Woods 8: 6. 1926; Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names & 12. 1939; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avi- cenn. 1--16. 1939; Moldenke, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 522: 203. 1940; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 52. 190; Yuncker, Field Mus. Publ. Bot. 9: 330. 1940; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 19--21 & 103. 192; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 55. 192; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 120. hh; H. N. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 67. 1948; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 3h, 36, 37, & 201. 199; Matuda, Am, Midl. Nat. hh: 576. 1950; Miranda, Veget. Chi- apas 263, 391, & 392. 1953. A shrub or medium-sized or even large tree, to 13 m. tall, with a large dense crown of foliage; trunk to 26 cm. in diameter, fairly straight; wood hard, easy to work, brown, close-grained; branchlets medium-slender, obtusely tetragonal, often slightly wrinkled in drying, gray, lenticellate, glabrate; twigs slender, short, acutely tetragonal or compressed, rather densely puberu- lent, less so or glabrescent in age, brown or buff; nodes ob- scurely annulate; principal internodes 0.7--3 cm. long; leaf- scars large, rather corky, somewhat prominent; leaves decussate- onposite, 3--5-foliolate, mostly 5-foliolate; petioles slender, 3.5--7 cm. long, convex beneath, conspicuously flattened and sub- margined above, very minutely puberulent or glabrate, not notice- ably ampliate at the base, somewhat disciform or club=shaped at the apex; leaflets mostly unequal in size (rarely subequal), the 426 Peis TO Le Gane Vol. 5, Miuae two lowermost often much reduced, all petiolulate on petiolules that are slender or rather stout, minutely pulverulent—puberulent or glabrous, deeply canaliculate and margined, and 3--l2 mm. long, those of the lower leaflets usually shorter than those of the central ones; leaflet-blades coriaceous or chartaceous, rath- er firm when mature, rich-green above and pale grass-green be- neath when fresh or rather uniformly light-green on both surfaces when mature, darker or subbrunnescent above and lighter beneath in drying when immature, the central ones elliptic, 7--23 cm. long, 2.3--9.5 cm. wide, acute or short-acuminate at the apex, sometimes long-acuminate (rarely obtuse or emarginate), entire or often slightly undulate along the margins, acute or somewhat attenuate-subacuminate at the base, glabrous and shiny on both surfaces or obscurely pulverulent-puberulent on the larger vena- tion beneath and on the midrib above; midrib slender, flat above, prominent beneath; secondaries slender, 8—12 per side, arcuate- ascending, usually rather irregular, subprominulent above, pro- minulent beneath, irregularly arcuate-joined some distance from the margins; vein and veinlet reticulation abundant, fine, sub- prominulent on both surfaces or only the larger portione beneath; inflorescence axillary, paniculate, elongate, rather sparse, 15— 27 cm. long, 2.5--5 cm. wide, erect, composed of 2--7 rather ir- regular, opposite or subopposite, rather long-stalked cymes, the cymes irregular, 1--3 times dichotomous, rather loosely few-— flowered; peduncles slender or stoutish, dull-purplish with dull pale-green tones when fresh, brownish or buff in drying, lenti- cellate, often somewhat compressed, 6--10 cm. long, minutely and rather sparsely puberulent, glabrescent in age; rachis similar to the peduncle in color, shape, texture, and puberulence, the sympodia elongate and irregular; pedicels slender, about 1 mn. long, densely puberulent; bracts few, caducous, simple, elliptic, stipitate, 1—2 cm. long; bractlets and prophylla linear, 1--3 mn. long, puberulent; flowers sweetly odorous; calyx campanulate, dull gray-green with lilac tones when fresh, about ).5 mm. long, puberulent, its 5 lobes narrowly triangular-oblong, about 2 mn. long, spreading or reflexed, subacute at the apex; corolla vary- ing from blue or light—blue to violet or purple, sometimes de- scribed as "light-blue and white", "blue and yellow", or 'whit- ish outside and blue within", on close inspection the upper half faded gray-lilac and the lower half with its lateral lobes lilac and the large middle lobe purple with violet around the top, sparsely puberulent outside, its tube about 6 mm. long and 3.5 mm. in diameter, the limb about 1) mm. wide, villous in the throat; filaments lilac; anthers purple-blue; fruiting-calyx patelliform, about 1 cm. wide; fruit hard, depressed-spherical, about 7 mm. long and 11 mm. wide, smooth, yellow. The type of this species was collected by Henry Kuylen (G. 55; Yale School of Forestry 3397) -- in whose honor it is named -- at Entre Rfos, Izabal, Guatemala, in 1926, and is deposited in the United States National Herbarium at Washington. Johnson says that the flowers are "faintly odorous". Schipp is responsible for the statement that it is a large or medium-sized tree, with 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 27 a large dense crown of foliage, growing along river banks in partial shade, but also in open places, the flowers sweetly od- orous, and the wood brown, hard, and close-grained. He reports the species as "rare" or "occasional", The "200 ft. diam." on the Schipp 994, labels must surely be an error of transcription for 200 feet altitude. Standley says that the tree is common in Izabal., Three-foliolate leaves are seen on Standley 53233 in the Arnold Arboretum herbarium, The species inhabits thickets and wet thickets, acahual, hilly pine forests, and rocky headlands, forests, pastures, stream banks, and open places, and has been found by collectors in partial shade on river banks, in open places along creek banks, and near beaches, ascending from sea-level to 200 meters altitude. It has been found in flower from April to June and in fruit in July and August. It is closely related to V. hemsleyi Briq. and has been confused with it in the past. The S. Watson 385 collection cited below may have come from Chiquimula or even Zacapa, as its labels are not specific. Miranda reports that the species is "Arbol muy semejante al vashcabté (ver &ste). En sel- vas altas subdeciduas do la regién indicada". Common names re- ported for it are "barab4s", "barb4s", "flor azul", "tapisaguate!! "tapisahuate!’, and "tapisajuate". The Gentle 1721 distributed by Standley as this species is really something bignoniaceous, as is indicated by the densely lepidote character of its twigs, petioles, and lower leaf-surfac-— es, while Gentle 1756, also distributed by him as this species, is really V. gaumeri Greenm. (the anomalous form represented al- so by tie Hummel collections at Kew, apparently from sterile shoots). The Steyermark 39129 and P. C. Standley 69563 in the Chicago Natural H;story Museum herbarium, distributed as Ve. kuy- lenii, are not verbenaceous, a tations: MEXICO: Guerrero: L. H. MacDaniels 2),3 (Ba, F-- 837800, N). GUATEMALA: Baja Verapaz: S. Watson 385 (G, Ww— 1323359). Izabal: H. V. Johnson 306 (F=-707759, La, W--1081367); Kuylen G.66 [Herb. Yale School Forest. 8897] (F--573831—isotype, G—-isotype, N--isotype, N--photo of type, W--1266025--type, Y— isotype, Z—photo of type); Steyermark 36921 or -OESTI Raia land 25 (Cp, W—128),723). BRITISH HONDURAS: RAS: Gentle 2376 (ith Mi, Ya, Nz Kluge 25 [Mus. Yale School Forest. 7579] (X)3; Peck a (B, G); Schipp 994 (A, Bm, Ca--l9810, Cb, E—-1033570, F--661865, K, #1, N, N, S), 1309 (A, Cb, E~-107967, F—733661, G, Mi, N, S). HONDURAS: Atl4ntida:z PoC. Standley 51,255 (A, F-583561, i 1403200); Yuncker, Koepper, & Wagner 8370 (Dp, F-91336, vi N, S). VITEX KWANGSIENSIS P'ei, Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1 (3): 93—9h. 1932. Literature: Pei, em. Sci. Soc. China 1 (3): 93--9h, pl. 20. ig322 Hill, Ind. Yew. Suppl. 9: 297. 1938; Worsdell, Ind. Lond, Suppl. 2: 200. 1941; Iolcenke, Knovm Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., 28 Peeve? 20 LOGE x Vol. 5, nosue [ed. 1], 57 & 103 (1942) and [ed. 2], 132 & 201. 199. Illustrations: P'ei, Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1 (3): pl. 20.1932. Apparently a tree; branches and branchlets glabrous; leaves 2—-l\-foliolate, usually 3-foliolate; petioles 1.5--3.5 cm. long; petiolules 2-10 mm. long; leaflet-blades chartaceous, ovate to lanceolate, varying from acute or acuminate to subrotund at the apex, entire, acute at the base, glandulose beneath, pubescent above especially along the venation, the central ones 3--6.5 cm. long and 2--3.5 cm. wide, the lateral ones smaller but sometimes approximating the central one; secondaries 6--9 per side, prom- inent beneath; inflorescence paniculate, terminal, 6--10 cm. long, lax, subglabrous; calyx 2.5 mm. long, glabrous, its rim regularly 5-toothed; corolla yellow, pubescent on the outside, sparsely pilose within, its tube about 6 mm. long, its lobes 5, subequal, the median one about 5 mm. long and l; mm, wide; sta- mens exserted; filaments hairy on the lower half; style glabrous; stigma bifid; ovary glabrous. The species is based on Morse 617, collected at Lungchow, Kwangsi, China, and deposited in the Britton Herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden. It is known only from the original collection, It resembles V. quinata (Lour.) F. N. Will., but differs in its glabrous calyx and its 2--lj-foliolate leaves. VITEX KWEICHOWENSIS Ptei, Sinensia 2 (4): 71--7h, figs. 1& 2. aS 7am Literature: Pei, Sinensia 2 (l\): 71--7h, figs. 1 & 2. 1932; Ptei, Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1 (3): pl. 22. 1932; Hill, Indo ken Suppl. 9: 297. 1938; Merr. & Walker, Bibl. Eastern As. Bot. 382. 1938; Fedde, Bot. Jahresber. 59 (2): 417. 1939; Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500. 1941; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verb- enac., [ed. 1], 57 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 132 & 201. 19h9. Illustrations: P'ei, Sinensia 2 (): 72 & 73, figs. 1& 2. 19323; Plei, Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1 (3): pl. 22. 1932. Tree, 3--15 m. tall; trunk 25--28 cm. in diameter; bark pale- or dark-gray; branches and branchlets pubescent, with bright- yellow glands; leaves 3--5-foliolate; petioles cylindric, 8-10 em. long, densely pubescent; petiolules on central leaflets a- bout 1.5 cm. long, on lateral leaflets 2--3 mm. long; leaflet- blades ovate or ovate-lanceolate, usually broadest toward the base, deep-green above, light- or pale-green beneath when fresh, short-acuminate at the apex, entire or with obscure serration, subrotund at the base, densely pubescent and glandulose above and beneath, the central ones 10--16 cm. long and about 3 cm. wide; secondaries prominent beneath, 9 or 10 pairs in the cent- ral leaflets, 5—-7 pairs in the lateral leaflets; panicle term- inal, large, about 22 cm. long and 21 cm. wide; pedicels about 2mm. long; calyx greenish when fresh, about 2 mm. long, densely pubescent and glandulose outside, glabrous within, its rim 5- dentate, 2-lipped; corolla varying from white to whitish or light-yellow, 5-lobed, 2-lipped, the 2 upper lobes densely pub- escent and glandulose outside and sparsely pubescent within, the lower median lobe larger, about 5 mm. long, its tube about 6 mn. 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 29 long, pubescent and glandulose outside, pubescent at the insert- ion of the stamens within; filaments greenish, sparsely pubes- cent; anthers horseshoe-shaped, 2-celled, rusty-yellow; style glabrous, slightly surpassing the stamens; stigma bifid; ovary pubescent at the apex; fruit drupaceous, greenish, ovoid, about 15 mm. in diameter, glabrous. The species is based on Tsiang 6317, collected in dense woods, at an altitude of 700 meters, at Yao-ren-shan, Sanhoa, Kweichow, China, on August 7, 1930, and is deposited in the herbarium of the Biolo;ical Laboratory of the Science Society of China at Nanking. The species is found in open places by the sides of streams and in dense woods at altitudes of 500-~700 meters, blooming in July and August, in fruit in August. It is related to V. quinata (Lour.) F. N. Will. and to V. canescens Kurz, differing from the former in the dense pubescence on the lower leaflet-surfaces, anc from the latter in its broadly ovate or ovate-lanceolate leaflets that are subrotund at the base, its larger flowers, its shorter calyx-teeth, and its smaller fruit. The original description of the species is on a page dated "1931" and the cover says "Oct. 1931 -- Feb. 1932", but Merrill & Walker assert that the correct date for the entire work is 1932. Hill, however, gives the date as 1931. Citations: CHINA: Kweichow: Tsiang 5831 (N, S). VITEX eee Ture?., Bull! ‘Soc.’ Imp. ‘Nat, Moses-36 (2ys*eeos 1363. Synonymy: Vitex laciniata Turcz. ex Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 39 & 103, sphalm. 192 [not V. laciniata Hort., 1940, nor Host., 197]. ie Literature: Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 36 (2): 225. 1863; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 51. 190; Mol- denke, Alph. List Invalid Names 53. 192; Noldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 39 & 103. 192; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 29. 197; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 95 & 201. 19h9. Tree, with compressed-tetragonal branches, densely rufescent- tomentose throughout; leaves long-petiolate, 3-foliolate, dense- ly rufescent-tomentose throughout, the leaflets obovate-oblong, obtuse and mucronulate or rather acute at the apex, entire or subrepand and inconspicuously denticulate, long-attenuate at the base, petiolulate, scabrous above with appressed hairs, cinere- ous and more densely pilose especially along the venation be- neath; cymes axillary, bifid, densely rufescent-tomentose throughout, half as long as the petiole, with a solitary flower in the dichotomy; bracts linear, exceeding the flowers; calyx- teeth equaling the tube, slightly shorter than the corolla~-tube. The type of this species was collected by Aribert Heinrich Hermann Kegel (no. 12319) somewhere in Bahia, Brazil. The spec- ies is known only from the type collection, which, unfortunately, has not yet been seen by me. All that I know of it is the des- cription by Turczaninow given above and his comment that it is 1,30 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 9 closely related to and similar to V. polygama Chan., but differs from this well-known species in its much denser tomentum, espec- ially on the top ["tergo"] surface of the leaflets, anc in its corollas being twice as long as the calyx. His original publica- tion of the name was "Vitex (pyrostoma) laciniosa", He says "Vitex tota pilis rufescentibus tecta" at the start of his diag- nosis, so I am assuming this to mean that the branches, twigs, petioles, leaflets, and inflorescences are so clothed, although his more specific description of the upper and lower leaflet- surface is confusing. It is possible that the species may prove to be conspecific with V. rufescens A. L. Juss., also known from Bahia. Pas VITEX LAMIANA Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1lhe"]: 2, 55, & 83, hyponym (1928); Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 26: 161--162. 1929. Literature: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1h2"]: 2, 55, & 83. 1928; Pieper in Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 26: 161--162, 1929; Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 8: 2h9. 1933; Molden- ke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 50 & 103. 19h2; H. N. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 68. 1948; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Vertenac., [ed. 2], 117, 118, & 201. 199. Shrub; branchlets tetragonal, rufous-puberulent; leaves 3- foliolate; petioles 3--5 cm. long; leaflet-blades ovate, acumin- ate at the apex, sometimes crenate-serrate along the margins, remotely glandulose on both surfaces toward the base, puberulent on the venation beneath, the central ones 5--8 cm. long and 3--5 cm, Wide, cuneate at the base, the lateral ones )\--7 cm. long and 2.5--l; cm. wide, obliquely cordate at the base; inflorescen- ce terminal, paniculate, subspiciform, more or less puberulent ana glandulose; pedicels very short; bractlets linear, surpass- ing the pedicels; calyx campanulate, about 3 mm. long, glandulos on the outside and with a few eglandular hairs interspersed, more or less bilabiate, its rim irregularly 5- (rarely )-) tooth ed; corolla more or less curvate, pubescent on the outside, a- bout 6 mm. long, the lobes glandulose, the upper lip entire or slightly incised; ovary globose, about 0.6 mm. wide, glabrous; fruit pisiform, drupaceous, shiny, 5--7 mm. wide, fulvous, sur- passing the dilated fruiting-calyx, the mesocarp thin. The species is based on Endlich 777 from Mount Kilimandjaro, Tanganyika Territory. Pieper places it in his Subsection Quadri- lobatae, stating that the corolla-limb has its upper lip not lobed or only very slightly emarginate. He reduces Lam's genus Viticipremna to synonymy under this subsection of Vitex. For V. lamiana he cites also Hildebrandt 252), Holst 46 & 500, Endlich 7?7a, Merker 714, and Stuhlmann 3559 from Tanganyika Territory and Fries 1988, Scott-Elliot 617, and Thomas 100 from Kenya. VITEX ee Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 36 (2): 22h. 1363. Literature: Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 36 (2): 22h. 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 431 1863; Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 121). 1895; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 6 * 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 14h & 201. 1919. I know nothing about this species except that Turczaninow states that it is a member of the Section Euagnus and has branches that are tetragonal and glabrous; Leaves opposite, "ses- sile", lanceolate, long-attenuate at the base, entire, glabrous; panicle very slightly puberulent, dichotomous from the base, surpassing the leaves; calyx 5-dentate, shorter than the corolla; corolla cylindric; and stamens included. The species is based on GBring II.90 from Java and is known only from the original collection. Turczaninow does not state if the leaves are l- or more-foliolate. If his statement that the leaves (rather than the leaflets) are sessile is correct, it would be a most unusual condition in this genus. I personally doubt whether the species is a valid one, but, having no evidence to the contrary, I cannot reduce it. It is hoped that the type collection may eventually become available to me for exanination. VITEX LANIGERA Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 695. 187. Synonymy: Chrysomallum lanuginosum Boj. ex Schau. inA. W., Prodr. 11: 695, in syn. 187. Literature: Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 695. 187; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ("142"): 78 & 83. 1928; Molden- ke, Alph. List Invalid Names 13. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 53 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 123 & 201. 199. Shrub or tree, to 10 m. tall, with a trunk that is whitish, 3--)| m. tall and to 30 cm. in diameter; branches and branchlets rather stout, gray, obtusely tetragonal, often lichen-encrusted, often canaliculate-sulcate, densely lanate-tomentose with sordid canescent or flavescent hairs on the youngest parts, soon glab- rescent; nodes not annulate; principal internodes abbreviated, --20 mm, long on the branchlets, to 5 em. long on older branches; leaves decussate-opposite, 3--5-foliolate, mostly 5-foliolate; petioles stout, 3--6.5 cm. long, densely lanate-tomentose with sordid-canescent or flavescent divergent hairs when young, the tomentum shorter and more fulvous in age; petiolules stout, those of the lowest leaflets mostly obsolete, those of the cent- ral leaflets 2--13 mm. long, densely flavescent-tomentose; leaf- let-blades unequal, the 2 lowest usually much smaller than the other 3, the central ones obovate-elliptic or elliptic, firmly chartaceous, rather uniformly dark-green on both surfaces or slightly brunnescent when young, more gray-green and very rough- bullate above when mature, 6--1h1.5 om. long, 3--6.8 cm. wide, varying from rounded or subemarginate to acute or very shortly acuminate at the apex, entire on mature plants, mostly coarsely dentate excent at the very base on young plants, cuneate or acute at the base or (on the lowest leaflets) rounded or even asymmet- ric, velutinous-pubescent above when young, less so and scabrous in age, very densely lanate-tomentose beneath with flavescent tomentum; midrib slender and impressed above, very stout and 132 Pun SoT'G.1::0° Sek Vol. 5, nosag rounded-prominent beneath; secondaries slender, 8-~12 per side, arcuate-ascending, impressed above on mature leaves, reaching the margins but not anastomosing, prominent beneath; veinlet reticu- lation very abundant, deeply impressed above and prominent be- neath on mature leaves; inflorescence axillary, cymose, appearing with the young leaves but shorter than they are and after the old leaves have usually fallen, few-flowered, twice dichotomous, very densely villous-tomentose throughout with ferruginous-flavescent or golden silky hairs; peduncles medium-stoutish, 1--1.5 cm. long; cyme-branches less than 1 cm. long; bractlets lanceolate, about 7 mm. long, thick-textured; calyx herbaceous, campanulate, about 8 mn. long and 7 mm. wide, its rim 5-toothed, the teeth ovate-tri- angular, about 2 mm. long, erect or reflexed, glabrous inside; corolla white or oinkish, cylindric, slightly incurved or almost straight, its tube 1--1.5 cm. long, 3-—-10 mn. wide at the ampli- ate apex, densely flavescent-villous on the outside, the lobes 5--6 mm. long, rounded at the apex, villous outside, glabrous within; stamens and style exserted about 1 cm.; fruiting-calyx indurated, campamlate, 12--1 mm. long, closely investing the fruit, rather loosely canescent-tomentose, the lobes broadly o- vate, about 5 mm. long and wide, acute at the apex. The species is based on an unnumbered Bojer collection fron the province of mirna, liadagascar. It is said to inhabit gran- ite and laterite soils from altitudes of 600 to 1500 meters, blooming from September to December. A common name is "hazombo=— rondra", It is said by Pieper to be related to V. fischeri Gtirke and to ¥. keniensis Turrill. It differs from V. waterloti Danguy in its few-flowered inflorescences and much smaller bracts, and from V. pachyclada J. G. Baker in its much smaller flowers and its stalked inflorescences. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Baron 3381 (K); Bojer s.n. [prov. En- irna] (K--isotype, N--photo of isotyoe, P--isotype, pe, Z--photo of isotype); Bouton s.n. [Chasek River] (K, N--photo, Z--photo); Humbert 296) (P), 11205 (P), 11603 (P); Perrier de la B&thie 1h9 19h (N, “P)3 A. Seyrig 15 [Herb. Jard. Bot. Tananarive 6121] (B, Bgt 15 bis €P)5 Viguier ¢: & Humbert 1897 (P). VITEX LASIANTHA H. Hallier, I’eded. Rijks Herb. Leid. 37: 50. 1918. Literature: H, Hallier, Meded. Ri jks Herb, Leid. 37: 50, 19133 H. J. Lam, Verbenac, Malay. Arch. 201 & 369. 1919; Moldenke, Knovm Jeosr. Distrib, Verbenac., [ed. 1], 67 & 103 (192) and fed. 2], 19: é: 201. 199. Tree, to 23.5 m. tall; branchlets cinereous; leaves 3-folio- late; petioles 3.5--h.5 in long, subglabrous; petiolules 1.2-- 2./ cm. long; leaflet-blades coriaceous, lanceolate or lanceo- late-obovate, 15.5--20 cm. long, ). gen7" cm. wide, cuneate or subobtuse at the apex, entire, acute or subattenuate at the base, completely glabrous on both surfaces; secondaries 8 or 9 per side; inflorescence paniculate, much as in Teijsmanniodendron bogoriense but usually no more than 2 peduncles per node, to 20 cn. long, minutely pubescent throughout, the individual cymules 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 433 on stalks about 1 cm. long; bractlets caducous; pedicels 1--3 mn, long; calyx campanulate, 1--1.5 mm. long, densely tawny=pubescent, its rim 5-dentate, the teeth rather large and deltoid; corolla white, densely tawny-pubescent on the outside except for the low- er part of the tube, the tube 3--]; mm. long, villous at the throat within, its limb with } lobes 1.5 mm. long, pubescent on both sur- faces, and a lip 3 mm. ‘ong, villous on the inner surface; fila- ments slender, pubescent, about 1.5 mm. long, exserted; style a- bout equaling the stamens; stigma shortly bifid; ovary globose, glabrous except for the minutely villous apex. The type of this species was collected by Jan Willem Reinier Koch (no. 51) somewhere in southwestern Dutch New Guinea in 190k or 1905 and is deposited in the Buitenzorg herbarium. It is said to be related to V. quinata (Lour.) F. N. Will. [V. hetero- phylla Roxb.] and is knowm only from the original collection. (Bz--2),2)\6--type, N--isotype, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type). VITEX LASTELLEI Moldenke, Phytologia 3: )38--439. 1951. Shrub or tree; branchlets medium-slender, obtusely tetragonal, often shallowly sulcate between the angles, densely villosulous- tomentellous on the younger parts, the hairs yellowish- or brownish-ferruginous, becoming less so or even glabrescent in age; twigs flattened, very densely villosulous or tomentellous with yellowish- or brownish-ferruginous hairs; nodes annulate; principal internodes variable in length, 1--9.5 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 1-foliolate; petioles rather slender, 1--1.5 cm. long, flattened and canaliculate above, densely villosulous- hirsute with yellowish hairs or tomentellous with brownish-ferr- uginous hairs; blades chartaceous, uniformly bright-green on both surfaces, shiny above, elliptic, ).5--14.5 cm. long, 2--5.5 cm, Wide, short-acuminate at the apex, entire, acute at the base, more or less sparsely pilose above, more densely pubescent be- neath (especially on the larger venation); midrib slender, im- pressed above, very prominent beneath; secondaries slender, 5--8 per side, arcuate-ascending, impressed above, sharply prominent beneath, conspicuously anastomosing in shallow loops several mn. from the margins; veinlet reticulation rather abundant, the larg- er parts impressed above and prominulent beneath; inflorescence axillary, sessile, glomerate, rather few-flowered; peduncles and pedicels obsolete; bractlets completely hidden by the pubescence; calyx cam:anulate, 3--l mm. long, 4--5 mm. wide, very densely villous, its rim 5-toothed; corolla cylindric, arched, about 1 cm. long, densely villous on the outside, the lobes 1--2 mn. long, erect; stamens and pistil exserted about 5 mm. from the corolla-tube; fruiting-calyx cupuliform, about 5 mm. long and 8 mn, Wide, v.ry densely villous with brownish or ferruginous hairs, its rim rather shallowly 5-toothed; fruit drupaceous, ob- long, 3--10 mm. long, about 6 mm. wide, not fleshy, glabrous, shiny. The type of this species was collected by M. de Lastelle (marked "A" on the label) somewhere in Madagascar in 131, and is 43) PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 9 deposited in the herbarium of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle at Paris. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Lastelle A (N--isotype, N--photo of type, P--type, P--isotype, Z--photo of type); Louvel 7 (P); Perrier de 1a B&thie 437. (P). VITEX LEANDRII Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 39--)0. 1951. Shrub h--5 m. tall; branchlets rather stoutish, gray, densely appressed-puberulent with sordid-yellowish hairs on the youngest parts, soon glabrescent; nodes not annulate; principal inter- nodes 2--); cm. long; leaf-scars very large, circular, flattened, not at all elevated; buds very small; leaves decussate-opposite, 3--5-foliolate; petioles rather stoutish, conspicuously flatten— ed above, )--7 cm. long, appressed-puberulent with sordid-yellow ish hairs; petiolules slender, irregular in length, those on the central leaflets to 16 mm. long, those on the lateral leaflets 3--l mm. long, appressed-puberulent; leaflet-blades thin-charta- ceous or submembranous, brunnescent in drying, broadly elliptic, apparently about 38--9 cm. long and ).5--5.5 cm. wide, apparently obtuse or rounded at the apex (but most of the leaflets on the type specimen appear to be abnormal at the apex), entire, round- ed and often asymmetric at the base, glabrous above, more or less pilosulous-puberulent beneath, more densely so on the larg- er venation; midrib slender, flat above, prominent beneath; sec- ondaries filiform, 3--10 per side, divaricate-ascending, rather straight, flat above, prominulous beneath, irregula ly and in- conspicuously arcuate-—joined in many small loops near the marg- ins beneath; veinlet reticulation mostly obscure above, only the largest parts subprominulous beneath; inflorescence axillary, a- bout equaling the subtending petioles, rather few-flowered, very lax and open, dichotomously cymose; peduncles compressed, 2--2.5 em. long, rather densely appressed=puberulent with sordid-flav- escent hairs, brunnescent in drying; cyme-branches elongate, prunnescent in drying, flattened, 6—-3 mm. long, rather sparsely appressed-puberulent; pedicels filiforn, 5--6 mm. long, brunnes- cent, sparsely puberulent; bractlets numerous, conspicuous, fol- iaceous, elliptic-oblanceolate, 38--15 mm, long, 2--5 mm. wide, glabrate above, densely yellowish-puberulent beneath, the upper- most ones linear, 5--6 mm. long and about 1 mn, or less wide; calyx campanulate, herbaceous, brunnescent in drying, about 8 mm, long, somewhat zygomorphic, rather densely appressed—puberu- lent with sordid-yellowish antrorse hairs outside, deeply 2- lipped to about the middle, 3 of the lobes more or less connate and mm. long, the other D lobes separate, ovate, attenuate- acute at the apex, about 3 mm. long; corolla tubular, small, in- curved, densely appressed-villous witli sordid-silvery antrorse hairs, the tube about 1 cm. long, about ) mm. wide at the apex, the lobes minute, about 1 mm. long; stamens and pistil exserted about 3 mm. from the corolla-mouth; fruiting-calyx enlarged, campanulate, to 1 cm. long, brunnescent, appressed-puberulent, deeply lobed and irregularly split; fruit drupaceous, globose, 6--7 mm. long and wide, glabrous, shiny, wrinkled in drying. 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 35 The type of this species was collected by Jacques Leandri (no. 550) -- in whose honor it is named -- at Andranoboka, Tsingy du Bemaraha, 9th Reserve, Madagascar, on November 21, 1932, and is deposited in the herbarium of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle at Paris. The species is knovm thus far only from the original collection. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Leandri 550 (N--isotype, N--photo of type, P--type, Z--photo of type). __ VITEX LEBRUNI Moldenke, Phytologia lh: 62--63. 1952. Shrub, about 5m. tall; branches slender, dark-brown, cinere- ous—pilosulous on the younger parts; nodes not annulate; princi- pal internodes very variable in length, 1--7.5 cm. long; leaves palmately compound, decussate-opposite, 3--5-foliolate; petioles very slender or medium-stout, l|--8.5 cm. long, minutely strigil- lose, glabrescent in age, narrowly canaliculate above, somewhat ampliate or club-shaped at the apex; leaflets sessile or subses- sile, uniformly dark-green on both surfaces or somewhat lighter beneath, glabrous on both surfaces, the central one somewhat larger than the rest, narrow-elliptic, 3--13 cm. long, 1.3--3.3 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, entire, acute or cuneate at the base; midrib slender, flat above, prominulous beneath; secondar— ies filiform, about 5 per side, distant, arcuate-ascending or spreading, anastomosing near the margins, flat or obscure above, prominulous beneath; veinlet reticulation very sparse, plane or obscure above; inflorescence axillary, shorter than the subtend- ing petiole, cymose, few-flowered, strigillose throughout; ped- uncles filiform, about 1 cm. long; bractlets filiform, about 3 mm. long; pedicels 1--1.5 mn. long, strigillose; calyx campanu- late, about 2 mm. lone and wide, strigillose, its rim subtrun- cate, short-denticulate; corolla rose-ochraceous, very densely strigose=pubescent outside, about 1 cm. long; fruit oblong, yel- low-orange, shiny. The type of this species was collected by Jean Lebrun (no. 5303) -- in whose honor it is named -=- in a forest at 1232 meters altitude between Walikole and Kolele, Belgian Congo, in Narch of 1932, and is deposited in the herbarium of the Jardin Botanique de l'Etat at Brussels The species is known thus far only from the original collection, Citations: BELGIAN CONGO: Lebrun 5303 (Br--type, Br--isotype, N--isotype, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type). VITEX LEHMBACHII Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 33: 297. 190k. Literature: Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 33: 297. 190); Pieper in Ingl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 142 ["12"]: 43, 56, & 83. 1920; lioldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 48 & 103. 1942; H. N. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 68. 198; lioldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 11) & 201. 199. Tree, to 8 m. tall; branches glabrous; leaves 5-foliolate; petioles 12--18 cm. long, glabrous, shallowly canaliculate above; petiolules 5--10 mm. long; leaflet-blades thick-herbaceous, ob- long-obovate, acuminate at the apex with an acumen 10--15 m. 436 eras, ol O LO Gtr Vol. 5, nOne@ long, entire or sometimes soarsely serrate along the margins, cuneate—attenuate into the petiolules at the base, glabrous on both surfaces, the central ones to 2) cm. long and 10 cm. wide, mostly 2 1/2 to 3 times as long as wide, the lateral ones some- what smaller, the basal ones to 11 cm. long and 5 cm. wide; in- florescence axillary in the upper leaf-axils, in the form of rather lax dichasia (2-branched cymes); peduncles 1)—-16 cm. long; bractlets sessile, linear, 5--7 mm. long at the lower fur- cations, smaller above, long-acuminate, finely downy; pedicels 2--3 mm. long, downy; calyx turbinate, about 5 mm. long, sparse- ly appressed-pilose, its rim 5-toothed, the teeth deltoid, about 1.5 mm. long and wide (at the base), acute at the tip; corolla dull rose-colored with the anterior lobe white, its tube scarce- ly surpassing the calyx, subglabrous, the lobes appressed-pilose on the outside. This species is based on Lehmbach 11 -- in whose honor it is named -- which was collected in bush country at Buea, at an alt- itude of 960 meters, Cameroons, in April of 13897, where the spe- cies is said to be abundant, just coming into bloom in April. It resembles V. yaundensis Gtirke in its long-pedunculate inflores- cences, but its calyxes are less densely and more appressedly pubescent anc the leaflet-secondaries are less numerous. Pieper cites, in addition to the type, Conrad 166 and 170 and Reder 687, 1087, and 138), all from Cameroons. VITEX LEUCOXYLON L. f., Suppl. Pl. 293. 1781 (not V. leucoxylon Roxb., 181), nor Span., 1856, nor Schau., 1893]. Synonymy: Wallrothia leucoxylon Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 317. 1821. Vitex leucoxylon L. ex Wall., Numer. List [48], no. 1748, sphaln. 1829, Vitex saligna Roxb. ex Wall., Numer. List [8], no. 17)8, in syn. 1829. Vitex rheedii Kostel., Allg. Med.-pharm. Fl. 3: 826. 1834. Vitex leucoxylon var. albiflora Span. ex Hook., Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 349, nom. nud. 1836, Vitex leucoxylon Wall. apud Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 692, in syn. 187. Vitex tomentosa Wight, in herb. [not V. tomentosa Pav., 190, nor Sessé & Moc., 1940, nor Rich., 191]. Wallrothia tomentosa Wight, in herb. Literature: Rheede, Hort. Mal. h: pl. 36. 1683; L. f., Suppl. Pl. .293., 1781; Roth, .Nov.-Pl. Sp. 317.-1821; Blume, Bijdr, i= 813. 1826; Wall., Numer. List [8], no. 1748. 1829; Roxb., Fl. Ind, 3: 7h. 1832; Kostel., Allg. Med.-pharm. Fl. 3: 826. 183k; Hook., Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 349. 1836; Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 1, 516. 1837; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 692. 18h7; Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. fh: pl. 1467. 1849; Migq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 86. 1856; Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 1: 22. 1860; J. G. Baker, Fl. Maurit. 256. 1877; C. B. Clarke in Hook, f., Fl. Brit. Ind. i: 587. 1885; E. D. Merr., Bur. Gov. Lab. Philipp. Bull. 27: 68. 1905; Talbot, For. Fl. Bombay 2: 355. 1911; H. J. Lam, Verbenac. Malay. Arch. 190, 19h, 20h, 208--209, & 369. 1919; Bakh. & Lam, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, h (2): 285, 1922; Moldenke, Geogr. Dis- trib. Avicenn. 0. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 37 Names 51, 52, & 54. 190; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verben- Bone, Wedesl),°55,. 565561, 06h, 75, é. 103. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names ae Be. & 57. "19423 H. F. Mackiillan, Trop. Plant. & Gard., ed. 5, 197. 1943; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 120. 194k; Razi, Journ. Mysore Univ. 7 (l):. 6h. "1965 He Ne Si Ae Lae Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 78. 198; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 128--130, 139, Wh, 165, & 201. 199; Razi, Journ. Mysore Univ. 11 ee) oh. 1950. Illustrations: Rheede, Hort. Mal. h: pl. 36. 1683; Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. 4: pl. 1467. 1849; Talbot, For. Fl. Bombay 2: 355. 1911. Large or moderate-sized tree with spreading crown; trunk to 5 em, in diameter; branches and branchlets slender, light-gray or whitish, more or less obtusely tetragonal, glabrate; twigs slen- der, brunnescent in drying, more or less minutely puberulent; nodes rather indistinctly annulate, not swollen; principal inter- nodes 1--) cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, abundant, 3--5- foliolate; petioles slender, 2.5--6.5 cm. long, flattened above, not noticeably canaliculate nor margined nor ampliate at the base, varying from appressed yellow- or brown-pubescent to spar- sely and very minutely puberulent or glabrate; petiolules very slender, the central one conspicuously longer, 1.l--2.5 cm. long, canaliculate and margined, varying from appressed yellow- or brown-pubescent to sparsely puberulent or glabrate, the lateral ones 1--2 cm. long, the basal ones (if present) 1--? mm. long; leaflet-—blades thin-chartaceous, rather uniformly bright-green on both surfaces or lighter beneath, varying from oblong or el- liptic to oblong-elliptic, usually obtuse or acute at the apex, sometimes rounded or (according to Lam) long-acuminate, entire or sparsely dentate above the middle with jaereerniay and blunt closely appressed teeth, minutely pubcrulent or pubescent along the larger venation on both surfaces or glabrate, densely pubes- cent beneath when young and sparsely so when mature (according to Lam), eglandular, the central one 3.5--14.5 cm. long, 1.5 cM.» wide, acute or more or less attenuate-subacuminate at the base, the lateral ones 5.5--9.5 cm. long, 3--.5 cm. wide, most- ly inequilateral at the base, the basal ones (if present). 2.5--5 em. long, 1.5--2.5 cm. wide, ’ mostly inequilateral at the base; midrib slender, plane or impressed above, rounded=prominent be- neath; secondaries slender, 5--1 per side, arcuate-ascending, malcing an angle of almost 90° with the midrib, prominulent on both surfaces, arcuate-joined near the margins; vein and veinlet reticulation abundant , subprominulent on both surfaces or plane, sometimes obscure; inflorescence axillary, cymose, 3--17 cm. long and wide, developing after the leaves, lax, loosely many- flowered, abundantly dichotomous-furcate with divaricate branch- es, up to 6 times di- or subtrichotomous, varying from appressed yellow- or brown-pubescent to minutely puberulent or glabrate throughout; peduncles very slender, 1.3—7.5 cm. long; pedicels 0.5——2 mm. long; calyx cupuliform, sparsely appressed-puberulent on the outside, glabrous within, its tube about 2 mn. long, its rim 5-toothed, *the teeth equal, * deltoid, about 0.5 mm. long; 433 PUP YT.O LO: GHA Vol. 5, now? corolla very irregular, white, with a purplish blush in the throat or with a pale-violet tinge, occasionally pure and wholly white or with a slight yellowish tinge, glabrous for the lowest 1 mm., otherwise appressed-pubescent on the outside, its tube a- bout he 5 mm. long, densely villous inside from the insertion of the stamens to the throat, the upper lip 2=lobed, the lobes about 2.5 mm. long, acute, glabrous within, the lower lip 3-lobed, its lateral lobes rounded, about 2.5 mm. long, glabrous within, the midlobe about 3.5 mm. long, sinuate along the margins, densely villous or bearded with violet hairs within, usually marked with a large purplish spot; stamens inserted about 1 mm. from the base of the corolla-tube, slightly exserted; filaments thickened and villous toward the base, glabrous above; anther-cells divergent; style somewhat surpassing the stamens; stigma shortly bifid; o- vary globose, glabrous; fruit "green", 12--15 mm. long, about 12 mm, wide. The type of this species is the "Ktnig 77" specimen so labeled in the Linnean Herbarium at the Linnean Society in London. This is genus 811 [790], sheet 5, and is inscribed "Leucoxylon" in the handwriting of the younger Linné and bears a ticket by K&tnig reading "Vitex. Foliis quinatis integerrimis. Baccis monospermis. Habitat in vastis sylvis" and a notation in the handwriting of the younger Linné "Ktnig 77". The species is, thus, an inhabitant of dense forests, but Mac- Millan, in the reference cited above, states that it is common in dry regions, especially near "tanks", and is a valuable timb- er tree. He says that it is called "nebedda" when growing as a shrub, and "kaddunochchi" when growing as a tree, Simpson reports that it is called "nfr-nochchi" in Ceylon, Santapau found it in streambeds and on rocks in watercourses, with "the roots penetrat— ing directly and entirely the rock", The species has been collect ed in anthesis from February to April and in June and September, and in fruit from April to June and in September. Razi records it from Mysore and refers to it as a mesophanerophyte according to the life-form classification of Raunkiaer. Lam records it from Ceylon, the Malay Peninsula, and Java, but his Malayan record is obviously based on Griffith 6062 from Burma and I have seen only cultivated material thus far from Ceylon and Java. The specimen in the Meisner Herbarium labeled "Wallrothia leucoxylon" is actu- ally Evodia aromatica Blume of the Rutaceae. The Hohenacker 51 collection cited below was inscribed "Vitex n. sp." by Miquel. Cotype collections of V. saligna are ‘e Wallich 1748-1, cultiva- ted in the Botanical Garden at Calcutta, and Wallich Tich 1748-2 from Heyne's herbarium. The type of V. hcaiaiicden Wight and Wallrothia tomentosa is Wight 2326. Te apahe SY Citations: INDIA: Bastar: Koelz 22393 (Bv, N). Bombay: J. Fernandez 183 (Xa); Herb. Blatter 274)2 (Xa), 274h3 (Xa), 27uby (Xa), 27462 (Xa); Hohenacker 51 1 (Herb. Reichenbach f. 6837h] (Cp, S, V, V); Santapau 142.18 (Xa), 1h2. 29/17 (Xa), 388 (Xa), 1,86 (xa), "198k (Xa), 1985 (Xa), 2107 (Xa), 382h (Xa), 1083 (Xa), 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 39 4389 (Xa), 4390 (Xa), 8842 (N), 10823 (Xa), 1082) (Xa); Stocks, Law, et al. sen. [Malaban, Concan, &c.] (M, S). Lahore: R. N. Parker r tjo57 (S). Madras: Wight 2326 (S), sen. [Carnatic] (Br). State undetermined: Hugel 2777 ["Asia"] (V); Konig 77, in part [Herb. Linnaeus G.811, $.5] (Ls—-type, N--photo of type, S— photo of type, Z—photo of type); Wallich 173-2 (Cb, N--photo, Z--photo). BURMA: Upper Burma: Griffith 6062 (S). CEYLON: N. D. Simpson 8508 (N). CULTIVATED: Ceylon: Gardner s.n. (K); Petch s. nN. (16.5.1922] (Ba, N). India: Herb. Hort. Bot. Calcutt. Sone (Br, Ed, Mu—67h, Yu=-113), X); Lushington s.n. (K); Voigt s.n. [H. B. Seramp.] (cp, Cp, Cp); Wallich ich 1748-1 [1748] (Cb, N--photo, T, Z--photo), s.n. (Cp). Java: Herb. Hort. Bot. Bogor. XI.K. XI.K.4 (Bz—-26606, Bz--26607, N). VITEX LIMONIFOLIA Wall., Numer. List [8], no. 1754, hyponym. 1829; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. "lu: 58). 1885, Synonymy: Vitex alata Schau. apud C. B. Clarke in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. h: 58h, in syn. 1885 [not V. alata Willd., 1803, nor Roxb., 13803, nor Heyne, 1821, nor Royen, 190, nor Wall., 1947]. Vitex ampaila Griffith ex *Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 52, in syn. 1942. Vitex imonidfolia Wall. ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 53, in syn. 19)2. Literature: Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 316. 1821; Wall., Numer. List [48], nos. 1752 & 175). 1829; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 685. 1847; C. B. Clarke in Hook, f., Fl. Brit. Ind. ): 58. 1885; Hook, f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 1213. 1895; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 0. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 9. 1940; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. B= 55,59, 60, 75, & 103. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names bo & 53. "1942; Moldenke, Alph. List "Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 28. 1947; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 129, 137, 138, 165, & 201. 199. Medium-sized tree; branchlets rather stout, obtusely tetrag- onal and sulcate (in drying), densely pubescent with fulvous or griseous hairs, the younger parts often nigrescent in drying; pith large, white, tetragonal, solid; nodes plainly annulate; principal internodes about 6.5 cm. long; leaves decussate-oppo- site, 3-foliolate; petioles rather stout, 8.8--1.3 cm. long, densely pubescent like the branchlets, often nigrescent in dry- ing, very broadly and conspicuously winged, the wings 6--3 m, wide at their widest point (usually at or very near the apex), venose, similar to the leaflet-blades in texture, color, and pubescence; petiolules obsolete or to 1 mm. long, very densely fulvous=-pubescent; leaflet-blades subequal or the lateral ones somewhat smaller, chartaceous, rather uniformly dark-green on both surfaces, the central one elliptic, 1).5--19. cm. long, 7.3--9.2 cm. wide, acute or short-acuminate at the apex, entire, rather short-acuminate at the base, minutely short-pubescent or puberulent with scattered hairs above (more densely pilose on the midrib), densely short-pubescent with fulvous or ferruginous 40 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 9 hairs beneath and usually also densely resinous-dotted with sil- very dots, the lateral ones similar in all respects but often slightly smaller; midrib rather stout or slender, flattened and usually densely pilose above, rounded-prominent beneath; second- aries very slender, 12--22 per side, close together, regular, arcuate-ascending, rather obscurely arcuate-joined near the mar- gins, flat above, prominent beneath; tertiaries very conspicuous beneath, very numerous and more or less parallel, joining the secondaries, issuing at right angles to the secondaries, promin- ulent beneath; veinlet reticulation rather abundant, obscure a- bove, rather plain beneath; inflorescence axillary, paniculate, the panicles 25--32 cm. long, erect, with 1 or 2 ascending or e- rect branches, the flowers borne in rather distant, many-flower- ed, conspicuously bracteate, sessile or subsessile whorls; ped- uncles slender, 1--20 cm. long, similar to the branchlets in color, shape, and pubescence, but much more slender; rachis and sympodia similar to the peduncles in all respects; bracts folia- ceous, elliptic, 6--11 mm. long, 3--5 mm. wide, densely fulvous- pubescent on both surfaces, sessile, acute at the apex, 2 sub- tending each branch and each whorl of flowers; bractlets similar but smaller, numerous among the flowers; pedicels obsolete or very short and pubescent; corolla purple. The species is based on Wallich 1754 from Prome, in Upper Burma, It has been collected in anthesis in August and has been misidentified in herbaria as V. pubescens Vahl. The V. alata of Heyne, of Royen, and of Willdenow are actually the juvenile form of V. altissima L. f., that of Wallich is V. peduncularis Wall., and that of Roxburgh is V. peduncularis var. roxburghiana C. B. Clarke. cr Citations: BURMA: Upper Burma: Herb. Burma Forest School 5:5 VLTEX LINDEN Rook, 1 .,: Bots: lag. 102s; pls. 6230. 1876. Synonymy: Vitex lindenii Hook. f., in herb. Literature: Hook. f., Bot. Mag. 102: pl. 6230. 1876; Hook. f. 2: Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 121). 1895; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Av- icenn. 40. 1939; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1}, 75 & 103. 1942; 1. N. & A. Le Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 69% 19h,8; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 165 & 201. 199. Z paneiwebl ons; Hook. f., Bot. Mag. 102: pl. 6230 (colored). 1376. Shrub or small shrubby tree; stem erect; branches very spread- ing, cylindric, covered with white bark, leafy toward the apex; branchlets slender, the younger ones cano=-puberulent with a fine gray-hoary pubescence; twigs very slender, subterete, light-gray, the youngest parts densely appressed short-pubescent or puberu- lent with gray hairs, the pubescence wearing off in age; nodes not noticeably ampliate nor annulate; principal internodes vari- | 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex M2 able in size, 0.3--5.5 cm. long; leaf-scars sessile, rather large, with corky margins; buds densely short-pubescent; leaves decussate-opposite or subopposite, 3--5-foliolate; petioles slender or very slender, 2--7.5 cm. long, rather densely puberu- lent with appressed grayish hairs, rather deeply canaliculate a- bove, convex beneath, somewhat ampliate at the base; petiolules 1--) mm. long or obsolete, deeply canaliculate-margined and ap- pressed—puberulent like the petioles; leaflet-blades unequal in size, membranous or thin-membranous, often sessile or subsessile, rather uniformly dark-green on both surfaces or pale-green when fresh, the central one elliptic or elliptic-obovate, l--6.6 cm. long, 1.7--2.9 cm. wide, abruptly short-acuminate at the apex, usually as long as or lonser than the petiole, entire or obscure- ly subsinuate along the marsins, short-acuminate at the base, glabrous on both surfaces except for the short-pilose midrib a- bove, the lateral ones similar in all respects but smaller; mid- rib very slender, flat or slightly subimpressed above, prominu- lent beneath; secondaries very slender, 8--12 per side, ascend= ing, rather straight, forked near the margins and the branches arcuately joined, flat above, very slig ohtly prominulent beneath; vein and veinlet reticulation rather obscure or slightly sub- prominulent above; inflorescence cano-puberulent with fine gray- hoary pubescence; cymes axillary, long-pedunculate, capitate, 3--6-flowered, opposite; peduncles very slender, naked, much longer than the petioles; flowers sessile or very short—-pedicel- late; bractlets minute, borne at the apex of the pedicels; calyx cylindric-campanulate, about 3 mm. long, hoary-puberulent, its rim 5-dentate with short equal teeth; corolla externally pale- violet, streaked with purple within, its tube 3 times as long as the calyx, its limb flat, about 1.6 cm. wide, pale-violet, the lips very spreading, the upper one with 2 small, convex, broadly ovate, obtuse lobes, the lower one with 3 larger, convex, orbic- ular lobes; stamens slightly exserted; filaments inserted in a ring of hairs in the corolla-tube; anthers blue, the thecae di- vergent, the connective globose; stigma 2-lobed, the lobes subu- late; ovary obovoid, sessile, slender; fruiting-calyx and fruit not known. The species is based on a specimen cultivated in the Palm House at the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew and collected there in April of 1876, deposited in the Kew herbarium. The seed was re- ceived from Linden, presumably from so where in Colombia, in 1372, and the plant was growing at Kew at least until 1376. It is said by [looker to be very closely rel>ted to V. capitata Vahl and to V. schomburgkiana Schau., differing from the former in its much shorter and broader leaflets without caudate apices, and from the latter in the lack of the soft tomentum on the leaves and branchlets, and from both in its more cylindric calyx. At Kew it flowered in May. The actual type specimen, cited below, greatly resembles V. compressa Turcz., but is sterile. Citations: CULTIVATED: England: Herb. Hort. Kew. s.n. [4/76] (K--type, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type). 2 Por 2 pTsO Tc0.G rk Vol. 5, ftjaam VITEX LOBATA Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 0--l1. 1951. Shrub, about 2 m. tall; branches and branchlets very slender, very obtusely subtetragonal or subterete, light-gray, minutely puberulent or glabrescent, twiggy; twigs very slender, grayish, densely puberulent; nodes not annulate; principal internodes very variable in size, 0.3--5 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 1l- foliolate; petioles filiform, 5--10 mm. long, minutely puberu- lent; blades membranous [or firmly chartaceous in age?], brunnes- cent in drying, lighter beneath, elliptic or ovate, 1--3.5 [--87] em. long, 7--17 [--l0?] mm. wide, shiny when mature, acute or ob- tuse at the apex, mostly obtuse or rounded [varying to acuminate- cuneate?] at the base, irregularly lobed or incised-dentate along the margins, very lightly and minutely puberulous and rather densely resinous-punctate on both surfaces [becoming glabrous in age?]; midrib very slender, flat above, slightly prominulous be- neath; secondaries 3--5 per side, arcuate-ascending, mostly in- discernible above and slightly subprominulous beneath [or con- spicuous and subprominulous on both surfaces?]; veinlet reticula- tion mostly indiscernible [or conspicuous and subprominulous in age?} on both surfaces; inflorescence axillary, 1-flowered; pe- duncles filiform, 1--1.5 cm. long, minutely puberulent; pedicels filiform, 3--12 mm. long, minutely puberulent; bractlets one pair, linear-setaceous, at the apex of the peduncle, 1--1.5 mm long, minutely puberulent; calyx campanulate, 2--3 mm. long and wide, minutely puberulous and resinous-—punctate on the outside, its rim minutely 5-denticulate; corolla wine-red, its tube 1.5-- 1.8 cm. long, greatly arched, densely puberulent on the outside, the lobes about 3 mm. long; stamens exserted about 5S mm. from the corolla-tube; fruiting-calyx patelliform, about 2 mm. long ana 6 mm. wide, more or less pulverulent and resinous—punctate, the rim truncate, very minutely apiculate. The type of this very distinct species was collected by Henri Humbert and Charles Fletcher Swingle (no. 5639) in the lower valley of the Mandrare, east of Ambovombe, Madagascar, in Septem- ber of 1928, and is deposited in the herbarium of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle at Paris. A sheet of loose leaves, em. wide, acuminate-cuneate at the base, glabrous on both sur- faces, and with the secondaries and veinlet reticulation conspic- uous and subprominulous on both surfaces. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Humbert & Swingle 5639 (li--isotype, N-- photo of type, P—-type, Z--photo of type); Perrier de la B&thie 10276 bis (P). Er VITEX LOBKOWITZII Ettingsh., K. Akad. ‘viss. Wien Denkschr. 28: 219 [Fossile Flora Bilin 2: 31--32], pl. 37, fig. h. 1868. Literature: Ettingsh., K. Akad. Wiss. Wien Denkschr. 28: 219 [Fossile Flora Bilin 2: 31-32], pl. 37, fig. h. 1068; Engel- hardt, Nova Acta K. Leopold-Carolus-deutsch. Akad. Naturf. 38: 362, pl. 18, fig. 15. 1876; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Ver- benac., [ed. 1], 75 & 103. 1942; H. N. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life ae 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex hhy3 2: 70. 1948; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 166 & 201. 19h9. Illustrations: Ettingsh., K. Akad. Wiss. Wien Denkschr. 28: 219 [Fossile Flora Bilin 2: 31], pl. 37, fig. 4. 1868; Engel- hardt, Nova Acta K. Leopold-Carolus-deutsch,. Akad. Naturf. 38: 362, pl. 1D, tAgee doe, Lolo Leaves compound, petiolate, 1-foliolate; leaflets coriaceous, obovate, subobliquely acute at the base, entire or remotely and obtusely denticulate near the apex, the venation brochidodrome, the midrib prominent, streight, the secondaries distinct, arcu— ate-subflexuous, remote, the lower ones making an angle of ,0°—~ 50°, the middle and upper ones an angle of 70°—80° with the midrib, the segments of the secondaries oblong, "arcubus laquerum prominentibus maculis externis instructis"; tertiaries distinct, simple or furcate, issuing at an acute angle on the outer and at an obtuse angle at the inner side, joined to each other, forming oblong segments; quaternaries numerous, issuing at a straight angle on both sides, including a very slender network. Ettingshausen states that this fossil is well preserved, with the venation visible to the finest detail. He conducted an ex- tensive search through about 32 families and genera, and, while he found many leaves that looked similar, he found only in Vitex details of venation which matched perfectly those of the fossil. He feels that among unifoliolate species the leaves of V. cofas- sus Reinw. of the Moluccas and V. gardneriana Schau. of Brazil co.e closest to those of the fossil. Among the modern species with more leaflets than one per leaf and the leaflets long-peti- olulate he found the closest matches in V. orinocensis H.B.K. of Venezuela, V. lucens T. Kirk of New Zealand, and V. doniana Sweet of Guinea, a, Among species with many leaflets “and these short-petiolulate or sessile, he found the closest matches in Vv. vauthieri P. DC. of Brazil, ve umbrosa Sw. of Jamaica, and V. triflora Vahl of Amazonian South America. The type specimen is preserved in the Lobkowitz Museum at Bilin. Engelhardt states that he found four fragments of these leaves in a large piece of tufa, lying in such close juxtaposi- tion as to lend strong support to the theory that they formed part of a single palmately compound leaf with ) leaflets. The horizon is Miocene and the place of collection is Bilin, Bohemia. VITEX LOKUNDJENSIS Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb, 62, Beibl.141 ["142"]}: 51, 71, & 83, hyponym (1928); Fedde, *Repert. Spec. Nov. 26: 165. 1929. Literature: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["12"): 51, 71, & 33. 1928; Pieper in Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 26: 165. 1929; Moldenke, pain Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 48 & 103 (1942) and [ed. 2], lll, 120, & 201. 1949; Wild, South. Rhodes. Bot. Dict. a7. 195k. Shrub; branchlets scarcely angular, more or less compressed, glabrous; leaves 5-foliolate; petioles 38--12 cm. long; petiolules distinct, to 1.5 cm. long; leaflet-blades herbaceous, cuneate- bbb Pee. O/L Oe 2 2 Vol. 5, nog=e obovate, 9--15 cm. long, ):--5 cm. wide, short-acuminate at the apex, glabrous; secondaries prominulent above; inflorescence ax- illary, dichasial, with elongated internodes, lax, about 10 cm. long, 10--15 cm. wide, glabrous throughout; bractlets small, subulate, glabrous; calyx campanulate, about 3 mm. long and 2 mm, Wide, glabrous, its rim truncate and entire or indistinctly denticulate; corolla geniculate, about 3 times as long as the calyx, sparsely appressed-pilose on the tube, more densely so on the lobes outside, the upper lip erect, shortly bilobedm style gibbous at the base, short-pilose, articulate with the ovary, curvate-erect; ovary obpyriform or short-lageniform, with a crown of hairs at the apex. The species is based on Zenker 3399 from Bipinde, Cameroons, and is deposited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum at Berlin. The fruit is said by Wild to be edible. He also records the common names "gubvudiro" and "umbindoio" from Southern Rho- desia. The species is said to inhabit savannas, where it is a tall tree to 30 meters tall and quite common, ascending to 1200 or 1500 meters altitude. It has been confused in herbaria with V. milanjiensis Britten. Citations: CAMEROONS: Zenker 3899 (Af--isotype, N--isotype, N--photo of isotype, N--photo of isotype, S--isotype, Z--photo of isotype, Z——photo of isotype). BELGIAN CONGO: Herman 2257 (Br, Br, Br, N); Lebrun 5935 (Br, Br). TANGANYIKA TERRITORY: Ee EB. Me Bruce 774 (Br, N); Schlieben 1681 (N, S). SOUTHERN RHODESIA: | N. C. C. Chase se 35 [Govt. Herb. S. Rhodesia 19250] (N, N). VITEX LOKUNDJENSIS var. KRUCKEI Pieper in £ngl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["1)2"]: 71 & 83. 1928. Synonymy: Vitex lokundjensis var. kruckii Pieper ex Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 19, sphalm. 192. Vitex kruckei Pieper ex Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 115, aphalm. 199. Literature: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 1)1 ("142"): 71 & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., feds 215 1G TO. & 203," 19h H. N, & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life eas a5 i9l8; Woldenke , Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 114, 115, & 201. 199. The variety differs from the typical form of the species in its longer leaflets and the so.ewhat denser pubescence on the pedicels and calyx. It is based on Krucke 14 from sdea, Cameroons, deposited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum at ber bin. Pieper cites with a question also Dupuis s.n. from Isle de Princes in Lower Congo, a specimen consisting only of leaves. VITEX LONGIPETIOLATA Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 33: 295. 190). Literature: Gttrke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 33: 295. 190); Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["1)2"]): 46, 60, & 83. 1929; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1), 48 & 103 (192) and "Ted. 2), 11) & 201. 1949. 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex Ws Tree, 8--12 m. tall; crown wide-spreading, much branched; leaves b-foliolate; Se gies: 15--20 cm. long, canaliculate above, glabrous or scattered-pilose; petiolules 5--15 mm. long, sparsely pilose; leaflet-blades membranous, dark-green and shiny above, lanceolate, usually 3 times as long as wide, very long-acuminate at the apex, entire, cuneate at the base and attenuate into the petiolule, glabrous or subglabrescent above, yellow-glandulose beneath and pubescent along the larger venation, the central ones 10--15 cm. long and --5 cm. wide, the lateral ones smaller, the basal ones often only 5--10 cm. long and 2--3 cm. wide; inflores- cence in the upper leaf-axils, to 25 cm. long, lax, composed of several dichasia, the branches glabrous or with only widely scattered hairs; ’ peduncles to 12 cm. long; bractlets filifom, 3--5 mm. long on the upper inflorescence-branches, longer on the lower ones but there caducous; fruiting-calyx broadly cupuliform; fruit obovate, 25--30 mm. long, black. The species is based on Zenker 1888 from the primeval forest at Bipinde, Cameroons, collected in August of 1898 and deposited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum at Berlin. The species is said by Gtirke to be a member of the section Chrysomallum and to be related to V. dinklagei Gtirke and to V. zenkeri Gttrke. Citations: CAMEROONS: Zenker 1888 (S--isotype), 3185 (S). VITEX LONGISEPALA King & Gamble, Kew Bull. 1908: 112--113. 1908. Literature: King & Gamble, Kew Bull. 1908: 112--113. 1908; King & Gamble, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 74: 853. 1909; H. J. Lan, ' Verbenac. Malay. Arch, 202--203 & 369. 1919; Moldenke, Suppl. List Common Names 7, 9, 10, 13, 17, & 23. 1910; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 19%- 605-61; & 109s 19hes * Molden- ke, Phytologia 2: 120. 19hh; Moldenke, * known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 138--1)0 & 201. 199. Small or moderate-sized tree; branchlets obscurely tetragonal, densely tawny-pubescent; leaves 3-foliolate; petioles 5--15 cm. long, tawny-pubescent; petiolules on central leaflets 0.6--2 cm. long, obsolete on lateral ones; leaflets membranous, the central one largest and petiolulate, the lateral ones subsessile, 10--30 em. long, 5--15 cm. wide, ovate or elliptic-ovate, abruptly caudate-acuminate at the apex, entire, sparsely glandular-hispid on the upper surface, tawny—pubescent and glandulose on the lower surface, the central ones acuminate or cuneate at the base, the lateral ones varying from rounded or cordate to acute and asymmet- ric at the base; secondaries 8--15 per side; inflorescence dense- ly tavmy-pubescent, cymose, axillary, opposite, 2-5--6.2 cm. long, usually di- or trichotomous; main pecuncles usually 2; bracts narrow-lanceolate, 0.6--1.3 cm. long, Re ne nensceie about 2.5 cm. long; calyx campanulate, about 3.5 mm. long, vill- ous with golden-brown hairs, its rim ee -lobed, the lobes oblong- lanceolate, about 6 mn. long; corolla primrose-yellow, its tube slender, infundibular, 10--12 mm. long, yellow-glandulose, 2- lipped, with a sparse ring of hairs on the inner surface at the insertion of the stamens about ) mm. above the base, the upper lip shortly bilobed with rounded lobes, the lower lip 3-lobed, hhé PRT OL O0GYS Vol. 5, no. 9 the lateral lobes reflexed and the central lobe twice as long as the side lobes, narrowed below, broadened and fimbriate above; stamens exserted; filaments slender, glabrous; stigma bifid; o- vary conic, densely yellow-glandulose at the apex; fruit drupa- ceous, ovoid, about 7.5 mm. long, black, smooth, glandulose The species is based on Curtis 275 from Penang and on Curtis sen., Goodenough 10/88, King's Collector 60, Ridley 7595 and 9723, Scortechini 100, 113, and 3h0, and Wray 1319 from Perak, Common names recorded for the species are "flowery leban", "gading kahua", "halban", ‘hearth-frame plant", "kahua", '"léban bunga", "léban kunyit", "leban nasi", "pokok galang dapur", and "tumeric lébant, Citations: MALAYA: Negri Sembilan: Holttum 9807 (Bz--2)252, N, N--photo, Z--photo). VITEX LUCENS T. Kirk, Trans. New Zeal. Inst. 29: 525. 1897. Synonymy: Vitex littoralis A. Cunn., Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. l, 1: 461. 1838 [not V. littoralis Decne., 183]. Vitex glabrata F. Yuell. apud Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 1213, in syn. 1895 [not V. glabrata R. Br., 1810]. Vitex litoralis A. Cunn. apud Stapf, Ind. Lond. 6: 479. 1931. Vitex novae-zeelandiae (Cumn.) H. J. Lam, in herb. Literature: R. Br., Prodr. 512. 1310; Decne., Nouv. Ann. Mus. Paris 3: 01. 183); A. Cunn., Am, Nat. Hist., ser. 1, 1: 61. 1838; Hook., Ic. Pl. 5: pl. 419 & 420. 182; F. Muell., Fragn. 5: 35--36. 1865--1866; T. Kirk, For. Fl. New Zeal. pl. 105. 1389; Harris, New Zeal. Berries [pl. 1]. 189); Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 1213. 1895; T. Kirk, Trans. New Zeal. Inst. 29: 525. 1897; Cheeseman, lan. New Zeal. Fl. 565. 1906; Bol. Ort. Bot. Palermo 6: pl. 2. 1907; Laing & Blackwell, Pl. New Zeal., ed. 2, 351. 1907; Van Wijk, Dict. Plantnames 1: 120. 1911; Cheeseman, Ill. New Zeal. Fl. 2: pl. 161. 191); E. H. Wils., Arn. Arb. Ex ped. Africa, India, etc. 1920-22, pl. Y-l\}63. 1923; Laing & Black- well, Pl. New Zeal., ed. 3, 286. 1927; Cockayne & Turner, Trees New Zeal. 126. 1928; Stapf, Ind. Lond. 6: 79. 1931; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 0. 1939; Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names 23 & 25. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 50 & 51. 1940; Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500. 191; Molden- ke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 70, 75, & 103. 1942; Moldenke, Alph, List Invalid Names 53. 1942; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 120. 19h; G. T. Hastings, Trees Santa Monica 105. 1944; Maunsell von Rensselaer, Trees Santa Barbara, rev. ed., 154. 1948; Menninger, Evergr. Trees Street Plant. [3]. 199; Holdenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Vervenac., [ed. 2], 155, 165, & 201. 1949; R. Be Wylie, Am. Journ. Bot. hl: 186-187. 195); iol- denke, Journ. Calif. Hort. Soc. 15 (3): 86. 195). Illustrations: Hook., Ic. Pl. 5: pl. 419 & 420. 182; T. Kirk, For. Fl. New Zeal. pl. 105. 1889; Harris, New Zeal. Berries [pl. 1] (colored). 189); Bol. Ort. Bot. Palermo 6: pl. 2. 1907; Laing & Blackwell, Pl. New Zeal., ed. 2, 351. 1907; Cheeseman, Ill. New Zeal, Pl. 2: pl. 161. 191); E. H. Wils., Arn. Arb. Exped. 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex hh7 Africa, India, etc. 1920-22, pl. Y-l63. 1923; Laing & Blackwell, Pl. New Zeal., ed. 3, 286. 1927; Cockayne & Turner, Trees New zeal. 166. 1928. Tree; branchlets slender, grayish-brown, often prominently lenticellate with large and corky lenticels, obtusely tetragonal or compressed, minutely puberulent, glabrescent in age; young twigs often somewhat ampliate at the nodes and brunnescent in drying; nodes distinctly annulate; principal internodes 1.5--9.5 em. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 3--5-foliolate; petioles slender or stout, ).5--10 cm. long, flattened above and slightly canaliculate toward the apex, slightly ampliate at the base, more or less finely puberulent; petiolules slender, 0.l--3.2 cm. long, subequal (when 3) or the lateral ones slightly shorter, the 2 basal ones (on 5-foliolate leaves) very short, all very minutely puberulent or subglabrate, margined; leaflet-blades thin-charta- ceous, dark- or bright-green above, somewhat lighter beneath, shiny, often brunnescent in drying, elliptic or broadly elliptic, the central ones .5--13.6 cm. long, 2.2--7.7 cm. wide, acute or short-acuminate at the apex, entire or somewhat crinkly-margined, acute or obtuse and often inequilateral at the base, somewhat pulverulent or glabrous on both surfaces; midrib slender, mostly plane above, rounded=-prominent beneath; secondaries very slender, 4--12 per side, often rather distant, irregular, plane or sub- prominulent above, prominulent beneath, arcuate-joined near the apex, ascending, not much arcuate; vein and veinlet reticulation abundant, the larger portions subprominulent on both surfaces; inflorescence axillary only, appearing after the leaves; cymes very loosely many-flowered, brachiate with numerous divaricate furcations, to 8 cm. long and 12.5 cm. wide; peduncles rather stoutish, flattened, to 2.5 cm. long, finely pulverulent or pub- erulent; corolla red or pink, about 2.5 cm. long, 2-lipped. Du Rietz states that this is a big tree, found in mixed rain- forests. Davison says that it is found abundantly from North Cape to Waika, but sparingly farther south on North Island, New Zealand. It is attacked, even when alive, by the larvae of the puriri moth (Hepialus virescens), which bores galleries through the wood. I: has been collected in anthesis from January through March, July, and August to October, and in fruit in August and December. Hastings reports that in California it blooms in spring or summer. In Santa Monica he has found the tree on both streets at the corner o* Arizona Avenue and 16th Street, by the office of Dr. Hubert Wilken, and in the yard at 2515 La Mesa Way. Common names recorded for the tree are "kauere", "neuseelund- isches teak", "Neuseelandteak", "New Zealand oak", "New Zealand teak", "New Zealand teak tree", "puriri", "puririholz", and "puriri tree", In Hawaii V. quinata (Lour.) F. N. Will. has been confused with this species. _ Wylie reports that the leaflet-—blades are 219p thick -- the lower epidermis 13), the upper epidermis 26, the mesophyll palisade tissue 70, , the mesophyll spongy tissue 106y, the tissue ratio 1.h, fre vein spacing 140; , the upper ahd lower cuticles each ops and that there is no upper or lower hypodermis. 1448 Bon yt .0L 6.6 Tis Vol. 5, no. 9 Citations: NEW ZEALAND: North Island: Berggren s.n. [Octobri 187] (S), sen. [Decemb. 1874] (Go); Carse s.n. [Kaiaka, July 1908] (Gg--1927lL, N, S); Cheeseman S.Ne ey 1879] (Pa); Re He Herbs Prager 18679 oe ale5): Hombron s.n. [181] (Pa); Ti "Kirk son. [Pokenoe] (Sg--1603)); Meebold l°72 (N); F. Mueller s.n. [N. reals ptenn cod De Petrie =e femme =. Skottsberg s. aes Z--photo); S. Pr. Blake s.n. 2 Gate Park, 3 kag. 1927] (Ar--19765); Eastwood sn. [Golden Gate Park, Oct. 1919] (A, Gg--31)70); Epling & Ahlstrom s.n. [Jan. 26, 1938] (La); Nafie, Reynolds, & McClintock 178 (La); Walther 176 (A, N), sen. teareeteys March 1922] (A, Gg--31h71), s son. [Golden Gate Park, _ Feb. 1927] (Gg--15221,N). England: Forsberg s.n. [1850] (S). New Zealand: M. J. A. Simpson 8027 (Z). VITEX LUNDENSIS Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 168. 1893. Literature: Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 168. 1893; J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 327--328. 1900; Durand, Syllog. Fl. Congol. 137. 1909; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. yl [12"]: 52, 73, & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. if. 9 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 15% 201. 19:9. Shrub; branchlets glabrous; leaves 5-goliolate; petioles elon- gate; leaflet-blades distinctly stalked, coriaceous, oblong- lanceolate, 17.5--20 cm. long, 5--6 cm. wide, acute at the apex, entire, narrowed to the base, glabrous on both surfaces; cymes long-stalked, axillary, lax; ’ pedicels short; bractlets subulate; calyx )--6 mm. long, ferruginous-tomentose, its teeth short, del- toid; corolla white, ferruginous-tomentose on the outside, its tube about twice the length of the calyx; stamens scarcely ex- serted. The type of this species was collected by Karl Pogge (no. 1260) along the Lulua River in Lunda, Belgian Congo, and is de- posited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum at Berlin. The species is known only from the type collection. The binomial name was published in December, 1893 [not in 189), as it is usu- ally cited], according to a note by Rolfe on a sheet of Clero- dendrum triplinerve Rolfe in the Kew herbarium and a note by N. E. Brown on a sheet identified as Vitex flavescens Rolfe in the same herbarium. VITEX LUTEOGLANDULOSA H. J. Lam, Verbenac. Malay. Arch. 199. 1919. Literature: H. J. Lan, Verbenac. Malay. Arch. 199 & 369. 1919; H. J. Lam in Engl., Bot. ” Jahrb. 59: 93. 1925; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 67 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 19 & 201. 199. Tree; branchlets obscurely tetragonal, minutely pubescent and 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex hho glandulose, glabrescent in age; leaves 3--5-foliolate; petioles --8 cm. long, subglabrous; leaflet-blades chartaceous, ovate or ovate-oblong, entire, subglabrous and very minutely papillose a- bove, very densely glandular-punctate beneath and pubescent on the veins, the central ones .5--13 cm. long and )--5.6 cm. wide, the lateral ones 6--10.5 cm. long and 3.5--5 cm. wide, acute at the apex and attenuate at the base like the central ones, the basal ones 1--2.5 cm. long and 5--13 mm. wide, cuneate at the a- pex and base; petiolules 1--2 cm. long and central leaflets, 3—- 6 mn, long on lateral and 1--2 mm. long on basal leaflets; sec= ondaries 3--11 on central leaflets, 6--10 on lateral and 5 or 6 on basal leaflets; inflorescence paniculate, terminal or the lower ones axillary, 1\--20 cm. long, 11--12 cm. wide, minutely pubescent and glandulose, glabrescent in age; calyx cupuliform, about 2.5 mm. long and wide, sparsely glandular-pubescent, its rim obtusely 5-toothed; corolla minutely puberulent and glandu- lose except for the lower part of the tube and the margins of the median lobe of the lower lip, densely villous in the throat, the tube about mm. long, the limb 5-lobed, the large lobe a- bout 3 mm. long, villous within, the } smaller lobes about 1 mn. long, obtuse, glabrous; stamens ” included; filaments minutely puberulent; style short, truncate (7) at the apex; ovary glabrous. The type of this species was collected by Friedrich Richard Rudolf Schlechter (no. 16593) near Wabbe, at 250 meters altitude, in Northeastern New Guinea, on September 29, 1907. The species is well characterized by the densely glandulose lower surface of the leaflets. If the stigma is really truncate, as suggested by Lam, it would be most unusual in the genus. The species is known thus far only from the type collection, VITEX LUZONICA H. J. Lam, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., ser. 3, 3: 61--62. 1921. Literature: H. J. Lam, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., ser. 3, 3: 61--62. 1921; H. J. Lan, "Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., ser. 3, 5: R563 1922s Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 63 & 103 (19,2) and [ed. 2], 12 & 201. 199. Tree; branchlets glabrous, acutely tetragonal; leaves 3-foli- Olate; petioles a cm. long, glabrous; leaflets chartaceous, ovate, dark above in drying and gray beneath, short-acuminate at the apex, entire, broadly cuneate at the base, glabrous on both surfaces, the lateral ones 8.5--10.5 cm, long, 4.6--6. cm. wide, and borne on petiolules 1.3--2.1 cm. long, the central one 9. a 12 cm. long, 4.5—-7 cm. wide, and borne on a petiolule 1.l--2 cm. long; secondaries 3--11 per Side; inflorescence axillary, soli- tary or binary, foliose at the base, forming a large panicle to 13.5 cm. long and 6 cm. wide; bracts none; pedicels slender, 1-- 5 mm. long; calyx cupuliform, about 1 mn. long, subglabrous, truncate; corolla glabrous on the outside, sparsely glandulose, minutely rigid-barbate in the throat, with rigid hairs at the stamen insertion, its tube subcylindric, l--l;.5 mm. long, the smaller lobes rotund and 1--1.5 mn. long, the larger lobe about 3.5 mm. long anc 3 mm. wide; stamens didynamous, exserted, in- 450 Pa YT 0 L0G Vol. 5, ipucw serted near the base of the corolla-tube; style exserted, about 7.5 mm. long; stigma very shortly bifid; ovary glabrous. The type of this species was collected by George Patrick Ahern (no. 706 Q) in Luzon, Philippine Islands, and is deposited in the Herbarium Bogoriense at Buitenzorg. In the original publication Lam cites this collection as "760", but he corrected it to "706" in his 1922 note, cited above, after E. D. Merrill called his at- tention to the typographic error. Citations: PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Luzon: Ahern 706 Q (Bz—-2)253-- type, N--isotype, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type). VITEX MACROFOLIOLA Moldenke, nom. nov. Synonymy: Vitex macrophylla H. J. Lam, Verbenac, l’alay. Arch. 212. 1919 [not V. macrophylla R. Br., Prod. Fl. Nov. Hell. 1: 512. 1810, nor Anon., 1927, nor Hort., 190]. Literature: R. Bey, Prod. FI. Nov. Holl. 1: 512, 15105 fae Lam, Verbenac. Malay. Arch. 169, 212, & 370. 1919; H. J. Lam in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 59:93. 1925; Horticulture, ser. 2, 5: 350. 1927; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, 305. 19h0; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 67 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 1h9 & 201. 19h9. | Small tree, 6--3 m. tall; bark gray; branchlets obtusely tet- ragonal, ferruginous-pubescent; internodes subclavate; leaves 3- foliolate; petioles ferruginous-pubescent; leaflets sessile or subsessile, the petiolules absent or to 5 mm. long on the later- al and to 8 mm. long on the central leaflets; leafiet—blades chartaceous, grayish-green, oblong-lanceolate, acute at the apex and base, entire, densely pubescent above (more densely on the veins) with simple or sometimes stellate hairs intermixed, tomen- tellous beneath and subglandulose, the young ones ferruginous- puberulent, the central ones 16--23 cm. long and 11--12 cm. wide, the lateral ones 1--21 cm. long and 8--9 cm. wide; midrib white; secondaries 15--18 on the central and 11--15 on the lateral leaflets; inflorescence paniculate, axillary, very narrow, sub- spicate, solitary in the leaf-axils, ferruginous-pubescent; flowers greenish, only very immature ones seen. The type of this species was collected by Carl Ludwig Leder- mann (no. 7972) at Camp Malu, at 50 to 100 meters altitude, in Northeastern New Guinea, on July 18, 1912. The type specimen has only very young buds, so the flower structure could not be de- termined with accuracy. It is very possible that it represents something non-verbenaceous. I, is known thus far only from the Single collection. The Vitex macrophylla of Robert Crown is a synonym of Gmelina dalrympliana (F. liuell.) IH. J. Lam, while the V. macrophylla "Anon," and "Hort." are V. agnus-castus f. lati- folia (Mill.) Rehd. VITEX MADAGASCARIENSIS Moldenke, Phytologia 3: lil—l42. 1951. Shrub, 3--l; m. tall; branches few, with the leaves clustered at their summit, stout, obtusely tetragonal, deeply canaliculate, densely glandular=pubescent on the younger parts with short ful- 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex Fis vous-brown (or orange-red when fresh) hairs interspersed with much longer non=-glandular hairs which rub off in age; leaves de- cussate-opposite, 9-foliolate; petioles stout and stiff, conspic- uously angular, Dh 25 cm. long, very densely glandular—pubescent with spreading fulvous-brovm short hair interspersed with much longer non-glandular hairs; leaflets sessile, chartaceous or sub- membranous, rather dark-green on both surfaces or somewhat light- er above in drying, very long and narrow, mostly 6 times as long as wide, oblanceolate, more or less lightly pilose above, much more densely so on the larger venation, very densely impressed- punctate and pilosulous-puberulent or short—pubescent beneath, with scattered much longer hairs interspersed, more densely pub- escent on the venation, the central ones 27--30 cm. long and 3.6- 5.1 cm. wide, long-acuminate at the apex, entire, long-attenuate to the base, the lower ones 8--11 cm. long and 1.5--2.8 cm. wide, symmetrical; inflorescence apparently axillary, spherical, sess- ile, densely congested, many-flowered, to 6 cm. in diameter, very densely fulvous-villous or -hirsute throughout; peduncles obso- lete; cyme-branches and pedicels much abbreviated, mostly conm- pletely hidden by the flowers; bractlets linear, about 5 mm. long, densely fulvous—hirsute; calyx yellow when fresh, campanulate, a- bout 6 mm. lang and wide, densely fulvous-villous or -hirsute, its rim truncate and subentire; corolla infundibular-tubular, o-= 2.5 em. long, somewhat incurved, very densely fulvous-villous or -hirsute outside, yellow when fresh, its tube about 8 mm. wide at the apex, gradually narrowed to the base, the lobes 5, unequal, --5 mm. long, acute or subacute at the apex, densely fulvous- villous outside, with only a few scattered hairs on the inner sur- face, reflexed at anthesis; stamens exserted about 1 cm. from the corolla-tube, the exserted portion very sparsely scattered-pilos- ulous; anthers deeply bilobed, slightly over 1 mm. long, the thecae often somewhat twisted at the base; pistil slightly short- er than the stamens, glabrous; stigma bifid. The type of this species was collected by Joseph Marie Henri Alfred Perrier de la B&athie (no. 10269) in the eastern forest at Vatovavy, in the basin of the Manonjary river, Madagascar, in October of 1911, and is deposited in the herbarium of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle at Paris. The collector makes the curious statement that "infl. en grosse sphére de 0,20 a 0,0 cm. de diam.", but the inflorescence on the type is 6 cm. in diameter. He is also responsible for the statements "poils d'un rouge or- ange" and "calice et corolle jaunes"., The species is known thus far only from the type collection. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Perrier de la Bathie 10269 (N—isotype, N—-photo of type, P--type, Z--photo of type). VITEX MADIENSIS Oliv., Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 29: 13h, pl. 191 1675.. Synonymy: Vitex camporum Butt., Verhand. Bot. Ver. Brand. 32: 35. 1390 [not V. camporum Gtrke, 1903]. Vitex camporum var. longepedicellata DeiVild., Ann. us « Congo, 0, bot. ser. 5, 3: 127. 1909. Vitex camporum var. longepedicellatum DeWild., Mission Ka- 452 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, eye sai 00. 1910. Vitex madiensis var. typica Pieper in ingl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 [*1h2"]: 62 & 63. 1928. Vitex camporum var. longepedicellat. DeWild. apud Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 [1)2"]: 63, in syn. 1928. Literature: Oliv., Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 29: 13h, pls 131. 1875; Bttt., Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brand. 32: 35. 1890; Dur— and & Schinz, Etud. Fl. Congo 222, 1896; Henriques, Bol. Soc. Brot. 16: 69. 1899; Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 4: 83h. 1900; J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 315 & 322——32). 1900; DeWild. & Durand, Contr. Fl. Congo 2: 39. 1900; Dei/ild. & Durand, Reliq. Dewevr. 18). 1901; DeWild., Etud. Fl. Katanga 121. 1903; Gtfrke in Baum, Kunene-Sambesi Exped. 350. 1903; DeWild., Etud. Fl. Bas- & Moyen-Congo 1: 309. 1906; Durand, Syllog. Fl. Congol. 436. 1909; DeWild., Ann. Mus. Congo, bot. ser. 5, 3: 127. 1909; DeWild., Fl. Bas- & Moyen-Congo 127, 255, & 467. 1910; De Wild., Mission Compag. Kasai 00. 1910; Mildbr. in Von Mecklenb., Ergebn. Deutsch. Zentral-Afrik. Exped. 2: 11 & 68. 1910—1911; A. Chev., Etud. Fl. Afr. Cent. Frang. 1: 23. 19133 A. Chev., Explor. Bot. Afr. Occ. Frang. 1: 505. 1920; DeWild., Contrib. Fl. Katanga 164. 1921; DeWild., Pl. Bequaert. 2: 255. 1922; Pie- per in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ['12"]: 8, 61-—6h, 81, & 83, pl. 10. 1928; Pellegrin, Mém. Soc. Linn. Normandie, new ser., sect. bot., 1 (3): 50. 1928; DeWild., Contrib. Etud. Fl. Katanga Suppl. 2: 105. 1929; DeWild., Pl. Bequaert. 5: 11--12. 1929; Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500. 191; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 45, 6, 48, 9, 51, & 103. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 52 & 54. 192; Molden- ke, Phytologia 2: 120. 19h; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 28. 1947; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 109-111, 11)—116, 119, & 201. 199; H. N. @ A. L. Moldenke, Anal. Inst. Biol. Mex. 20: 15. 199. Illustrations: Oliv., Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 29:pl. 131. 1375; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["1)2"]: pi. a0 2 1926. Shrub or tree, 3--5 m. tall; trunk to 10 cm. in diameter; branchlets more or less densely pubescent, often villous when young; leaves usually 3-foliolate, sometimes 1-foliolate; peti- oles 7.5--10 cm. long; leaflet-blades subcoriaceous, obovate- cuneate, 6--15 cm. long, 3--7.5 cm. wide, obtuse to more or less cuspidate at the apex, deeply crenate above the middle, green and glabrous or subglabrous above when mature, densely pubescent beneath, especially on the larger veins, the central leaflet distinctly short-petiolulate; inflorescence cymose, axillary, long-pedunculate, dense, its branches densely hairy; pedicels very short, densely hairy; bractlets linear-subulate; calyx cam- panulate, about 3 mm. long and wide, densely hairy, its rim toothed, the teeth ovate, distinct or obscure; corolla blue, white-violet, or whitish, about 6 mm. long, its tube as long as or longer than the calyx, hairy on the outside, the lobes often small, very hairy outside; fruit about 2.5 cm. long or about the size of a small plun, edible, red or yellow, neither black nor sweet, but sharp-tasting like tamarind, l-stoned. 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex h53 The species is based on Grant 2, collected at Madi in Decem- ber of 1862 (App. Spekets Journ. Sh) « As Pieper has pointed out, this species in the broad sense shows tremendous variability in its floral characters, number, form, and pubescence of the leaf- lets, and the type of leaflet-margin and calyx-rim. The leaves appear to be 1--5-foliolate, the leaflets narrow or broad, en- tire or toothed, and the calyx-rim with distinct or obscure teeth. This necessitates the sinking into its synonymy of sever- al taxa formerly regarded as distinct species. V. camporum Butt. was already reduced to V. madiensis by Hiern in . 1900, although Baker in the same year still attempted to distinscish the two, citins for V. madiensis (calyx-teeth distinct, 1 mm. long at time of anthesis; leaflets glabrous beneath) edieeingirtn CPE III 48, 1313, 1365, 1506, 2030, and 2348 and Speke & Grant 649 from Anglo- Egyptian an Sudan. For V. camporun run (calyx-teeth minute; 1. leaflets densely pubescent beneath) he cited Scott-"lliot 5139 from Sierra Leone, Laurent s.n. and Bttttner 28 from Belgian Congo, and Butt ner 427 and ba and karques 10 from Angola. ~ Hiern also reduced V. holocalyx J. G. Baker, based on Wel- witsch 5636, to a variety (var. parvifolia iiern) of V. madien- sis. He Pico claimed that V. simplicifolia Oliv. "is probably the same species", However, I follow Pieper in maintaining V. holo- calyx and V. srapiaci oli s as distinct species. Baker united Vv. schweinfurthii Gtirke with V. madiensis and it is best regarded | as a variety of it [var. schweinfurthii (Gtirke) Pieper]. The ho- monym, V. schweinfurthii Baker, is also united with V. madiensis by Chevalier (1913), but Biever maintains that it belongs in the synonymy of V. simplicifolia, V. milanjiensis Britten and V. ringoeti DeWild, are botn best r regarded as another variety ~ [var. milanjiensis (Britten) Pieper]. The presently accepted varieties (which the exception of Chevalier's two varieties, of which no description has been pub- lished) may be distinguished from the t,pical form of the spec- ies and from each other as follows: 1. Branchlets, leaves, and inflorescences more or less pubescent. 2. Leaves all 5- or else 3- and 5-foliolate; leaflets some- times narrow and more than twice as long as wide, the venation sometimes impressed; ovary sometimes densely hairy. 3. Leaflets narrow, about 2 or 3 times as long as wide, Foothed.,..cccccsccccccccvcccccccceeVar. angustifolia, 3a. Leaflets broad, up to 2 times as long as wide. h. Venation not ” impressed. 5. Leaflets entire; ovary only scattered-pilose..... var. milanjiensis,. 5a. Leaflets toothed; ovary densely pilose........e. var. schweinfurthii. la, Venation impressed; leaflets mostly entire, rarely VOGUNEG oldie ddcdwsssdwocs euesecVar se POGRNELLETI « sh PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 9 2a. Leaves all 3- or else l- and 3-foliolate; leaflets always broad, not more than twice as long as wide, the venation never impressed; ovary always only scattered-pilose. 6. Leaflets small, to 5 cm. long; leaves 3-foliolate...... var. aromatica. 6a. Leaflets large, over 5 cm. long; leaves 1- or 3-folio- late. 7%, Geattete toothed. stinges.adyeacae eeseeeV. madiensis. 7a. Leaflets entire..... ee et secucweesValg Banu la. Branchlets, leaves, and inflorescences completely glabrous.. var. glaberrima. De‘Jildeman in his 1932 publication cites Pieper's monograph as "Bot. Jahrb. 72: Beiblatt 61. 1925" and dates the original publication of V. camporum as "1690", instead of 1390, and his ovm Plantae Bequaertianae 2: 255 as "1910", instead of 1922. In his 1929 works he cites Allard 95, Bequaert 810, Cabra ok, Claes- sens 928 and s.n., DeGiorgi pet Ca. Del Delevoy 61 619, G Goossens 122, Panda farnana A, Saemaes s.n., Sparano 6, reeceryst 1676, 1 1921, 22h, 3500, 3653, 5833, 5860, 7816, oth, 9 9928, and s.n., Vander- yst & oes: 5725, Vermoesen 1101, 1126, a 2020, Verschueren 60, 1 132; and 643, an and Wellens 228 fr from Bel Belgian Congo. Panda Far- nana se ee that a decoction of the leaves is used by the nat- ives to stimulate perspiration, the fruit is edible, and an in- fusion of the bark is used in the treatment of diarrhea. Claes- sens and Sparana also report that the fruit is edible. Chevalier (1913) cites his nos. 6579, 7176, 7177, 7225 bis, 7233, 7312, 7uhO, 7472 bis, 7535, 8085, 8907, and 906 from Wane eer renee Equatorial Africa, and says the s: species is a shrub, 3--5 meters tall, with white-violet flowers, blooming from December to January, April, June, and July, inhabiting thickets on plains. In his 1920 work he cites his nos. 96, 1260, 12467, and 12990 from French Guinea and nos. 510 bis and ll from Fre French Soudan. Pieper cites as having been examined and verified by himself Bttttner 27, Buchner 575, Gossweiler 1051, Marques 3, and Welwitsch 5713 fale Fad S720 from . Angola, Ledermann 2210, 2225, and 338, Mildbraed 482), and Tessmann a7 from the Cameroons, Chevalier 5065 065 and 6579 f from Ubangi-chari, i, Chevalier 496 from ngudan", Schweinfurth | 1313 and 1506 and Speke & Grant 69 from kiviocmeyorian Sudan, and Btfttner er 28, Dupuis s.n., Laurent s.n., Mildbraed 3513, and Pogge 1053 a and 1099 from the Belgian Congo. DeGiorgi and other collectors have found the species on the shores of rivers, in grasslands, and on wooded savannas. Common names recorded for the typical form of the species are "bilikito!} "councou coudoule", "filia", "filu", "filungu", "filu tando", "kafutufutu", nkurn kudulé", 'm'filut, "m'keendeembee", 'm'thalassee", 'mufutu", Mi filum, 'mimbuli", "pala banda", "philo", and "tshikurimata", Citations: ANGLO-EGYPTIAN SUDAN: Denka: Schweinfurth 1506 (N, N--photo, S, Z--photo). BELGIAN CONGO: Couteaux 1069 (Br, Br Br 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex hss Br); Dacremont 93 (Br, Br, Br); De Graer 270 (Br, N); De Wulf 196 (Br, Br); Germain 772 (Br, Br), 2798 (Br, Br, Gere “Gilbert 325 (Br, Br, Br, N); J. Hammar s.n. (S, S); aban 2192 (Br, Br); Hatagne 27h. (Gr, N).s Overlaet 981 (. (Br, Br); Quarré 2006 (Br), 2033 (Br); Vanderyst 21270 (Br), _ 21271 (Br), 21354 (Br), 2286 (Br, N), 23266 (Br), 23751 (Br), 23996 (Br), 25969 (Br, S), _ 26570 (Br, , Br), 27534 (Br), 28036 (Br), 28094 (Br), 2957 (Br, N), 35105 (Br), 3588 (Br); Vrydagh 34 (Br). ANGOLA: Loanda: Marques wes 3 (Herb. Hort. Then, I11.256] _ (Br, N); Ro G. N. Young 536 (N, N). VITEX MADIENSIS var. ANGUSTIFOLIA Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["12!]: 62--63. 1928. Literature: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1h2"]L 62--63 & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Ver- benac., [ed. 1], 45 & 103 (19112) and. [ed. 2], 110 & 201. 199. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaves 3--5-foliolate and the leaflets narrow, 2--3 times as long as wide. The type of the variety was collected by Georg August Schwein- furth (no. 1320) in the Denka Territory of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and is deposited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin. Pieper states that the labels of Schweinfurth's 1313 and 1320 have been mixed in the Berlin herbarium -- 1313 is typical v. V. madiensis, with the broad leaves, and 1320 is ; the collection with the narrow leaves, as may be depen ned by consultation of the original labels. VITEX MADIENSIS var. AROMATICA Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 [12]: 62 & 63. 1928. Synonymy: Vitex sp. aromatica Schweinfurth ex Pieper in Ingl., Bot. Jahrb, 62, Beibl. 141 [t12"]: 63, in syn. 1928. Literature: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1h2"]: 62, 63, & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 55. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 6, 49, & 103 (192) and [ed. 27 5: 0.21265 % 2015 19h9, This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having all its leaves 3-foliolate and the leaflets small, not more than 5 cm. in length. It is based on Schweinfurth 48 [cited as "III.8" by Baker and called typical V. madiensis] and Scott-Elliot 5189 [cited by Baker as V. camporum], the former collected in the Djur [Jur] territory at Kurghook Ali's Seriba in Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, and the latter collected near Falaba in Sierra Leone, both deposited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum at Berlin. Schwein- furth originally labeled his collection no. 8 as "Vitex sp. aromatica", Tapa ae VITEX MADIENSIS var. BAUMII Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ("142"): 62 & 64. 1928. 456 Pol ¥:T° 0: L-0).G,. 8 Vol..5, ni@kes Synonymy: Vitex camporum Gtirke apud Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1h2"): 64, in syn. 1928 [not V. camporun Btittt., 1890]. a Literature: Gtirke in Baum, Kunene-Sambesi Exped. 350. 1903; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 [12]: 62, 6h, & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 52. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 51 & 103. 192; H. N. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 50. 193; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 119 & 201. 199. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaflets entire instead of toothed on the margins. The type of the variety was collected by H. Baum (no. 821) at the Quiriri in Angola and is deposited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin. Citations: BELGIAN CONGO: Callens ))\80 (Z); Lebrun 6748 (Br, pay N--photo, Z--photo); Matagne 318 (Br, Br); Quarré 7081 Br). VITEX MADIENSIS var. DARBANDENSIS A. Chev., Etud. Fl. Afr. Cent. Frang. 1: 24, hyponym. 1913. Literature: A. Chev., Etud. Fl. Afr. Cent. Frang. 1: 2h). 1913; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["1h2"]: 6) & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 8 & 103 (1942) and [ed. 2], 11) & 201. 199. It is not known how this variety differs from the typical form of the species, since Chevalier published no description of it and the collections he cites have not yet been seen by me. It is based on Chevalier 8753 bis, 8920, and 10499, collected at Kaba=-mara, in the land of the Koulfes, region of Lake Iro, and between Bousso and Fort Archambault, in Ubangi-chari, French E- quatorial Africa, on July 7 and between November 5 and 15, 1903. VITEX MADIENSIS var. GLABERRIMA Moldenke, Phytologia : 63. 1952. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaves, as well as all other parts, completely glab- rous. The type of the variety was collected by Pittery (no. 819) in the neighborhood of Bambesa, Belgian Congo, in 1936, and is de- posited in the herbarium of the Jardin Botanique de 1'Etat at Brussels. It is known thus far only from the original collection. Citations: BELGIAN CONGO: Pittery 819 (Br--type, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type). + eg oe VITEX MADIENSIS var. GOSSWEILERI Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ['12"]: 62 & 63. 1928. Literature: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ("1y2"]: 62, 63, & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Ver- benac., [ed. 1], 50, 51, & 103. 192; H. N. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 62. 1943; lMoldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 118, 119, & 201. 1949. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex hS7 having the leaves all 5-foliolate or else 3— and 5-foliolate, mostly entire (rarely toothed), and the major venation impressed above. It is based on Buchner 576 from somewhere in Angola, Gossweil- er 1062 and 1065 from Malange in Loanda, Angola, N&gele 247 from Uganda, and Fries 7 from Bwana Mkubwe, Northern Rhodesia, all deposited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin. Flowers are not present on any of these cotypes, so the position of the taxon is not absolutely certain. Citations: BRITISH NYASALAND PROTECTORATE: N. C. Chase 388 (Govt. Herb. Salisbury 3283] (Bm, N). a ie VITEX MADIENSIS var. MILANJIENSIS (Britten) Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 [12"]: 63. 1928. Synonymy: Vitex milanjiensis Britten, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot., ser. 2, h: 36. 189). Vitex ringoeti DeWild. in Fedde, Rep- ert. Spec. Nov. 13: 143. 191h. Vitex madiensis var. milanjensis (Britten) Pieper apud DeWild., Pl. Bequaert. 5: 12. 1929. Literature: Britten, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond, Bot., ser. 2, h: 36. 1394; J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 330. 1900; DelVild. in Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 13: 143. 191); Dev/ild., Contrib. Etud. Fl. Katanga 165. 1921; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["l)2"]: 62, 63, 83, & 8h. 1928; DeWild., Contrib. Etud. Fl. Katanga Suppl. 2: 105. 1929; DeWild., Pl. Bequaert. 5: 12--13. 1929; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 5} & 55, 1942; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 49, 51, & 103. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 29. 1947; H. Ne. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 79. 198; Hol- denke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 115, 119, 120, & 201. 199. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaves either all 5-foliolate or else 3- and 5-folio- late and the leaflets entire-margined. The variety is based on Alexander Whyte 138 from an altitude of 6000 feet at Milanji, Nyasaland. The word "Zomba" is also given after the citation of the type specimen and may well refer to the unnumbered Mount Zomba collection cited by Baker Collectors describe the plant as a tall tree, shrub, procum- bent shrub, or liana, "with characteristic flowers", inhabiting open forests in mountainous areas. It ascends to )000 feet in Northern Rhodesia and to 6000 feet in Nyasaland, flowering in November. It has been misidentified as V. camporum Butt. De Wildeman (1929) gives "169" as the dat> of publication for V. milanjiensis and "1919" as the date of publication of V. ringo- eti, both apparebtly in error. Baker cites Scott-Elliot 8282 and 3622 and Buchanan 79 and 19) from Dritish Nyasaland Protectorate, and Whyte s.n. [!ount Zomba] and s.n. [Mount Nilanji] from Por- tucuese East Africa. Pieper adds Ringoet 1 from Belgian Congo and Buchner 26 and Gossweiler 1066 from Angola. DewWildeman quotes various collectors as describing the plant 458 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 9 as 1--7 m. tall, with the wood brownish-black; branches yellow- ish-pubescent when young; buds ovoic and pubescent, about 2 mn, in diameter, the terminal one much larger; petiole rounded and about 10-12 cm. long; petiolules rounded, green, 1.5--3 cm. long, pubescent; leaflet—blades oval or oboval, entire or sinu- ate-margined, varying from rounded or emarginate to short-acum- inate at the apex, cuneiform at the base, glabrous or pubescent on both surfaces, the central one )—-12 em. long and 3—9 ecm. wide, the two lower ones about 3.5 cm. long and 2--2.5 cm. wide, the venation prominent beneath, the secondaries arising at angles of 50--70° with the midrib; inflorescence axillary; calyx green, gray-pubescent; corolla blue, violet, whitish-mauve, or whitish- violet; fruit edible, spherical, tse ’ desséchant en constituant une oo noire dans une membrane noire". He cites DeGiorgi 316, Delevoy 285 and 1,60, Elskens 2231, Lode Achten 227, Quarré Lh and Weg sal Sapin | SMe, "and Verdick 23h, 317, and 563 from Belgian Congo. The wood is said to be used for making mortars for the pound- ing of manioc. Common names recorded for the variety are "kafidufutu", "kafutufute", "kikalakamba", "moviro", and "mufutu! The last of these names is applied also to various other species of the genus. Citations: NORTHERN RHODESIA: Pole-Evans 303 [50] (Af); F. A. Rogers 8638 (N--photo, S, Z-—-photo). BELGIAN CONGO: Callens 3072 (N), (x), 3300 (N), 4196 (Z); Lebrun 6688 (Br, Br); Overlaet 381, in part (Br, N); Quarré 717 (S), 3705 (Br, Br, Br, N). ANGOLA: Lo- anda: Fritzsch 28h ( Nood)}s VITEX MADIENSIS var. NIVEA A. Chev., Etud. Fl. Afr. Cent. Frang¢. 1: 2h, hyponym. 1913. Literature: A. Chev., Etud. Fl. Afr. Cent. Frang. 1: 2hh. 1913; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["1j2"]: 6h & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 48 & 103 (1942) and [ed. 2], 1h & 201. 199. I do not know how this variety differs from the typical form of the species or its other varieties, since it has never been described and the cotype collections have not yet been seen by me. It is based on Chevalier 6943 bis and 6951 from Dar-Banda, Ndelle, Ubangi-chari, in French ich Equatorial Afr Africa, collected bas tyreen December 20 and 25, 1902. VITEX MADIENSIS var. SCHWEINFURTHII (Gttrke) Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 14] ["1h2"]: 63. 1928. Synonymy : Vitex schweinfurthii Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 170. 189) [not t V. schweinfurthii J. G. Baker, 1900]. Literature: Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 170. 189; J. G. Baker in ThiseltrDyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.\5: 322. 1900; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["142"]: 62, 63, 83, & 8h. 1928; Moldenke, Alph. A ee Invalid Names 55. 19112; Moldenke, Known eon. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 45, 8, "h9, & 103. 1942; H. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: B2. 198; Moldenke Known ae Distrib. Verbenac., [eds 2], 210, 11)? 113° & 261. 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex hS9 199. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaves either all 5-foliolate or else both 3- and 5- foliolate and the ovary densely pilose. It is said to ascend to 680 meters altitude in Belgian Congo. Vernacular names are "biligita" and "mbilikita". The variety is based on Schweinfurth 1365 and 2030 from Bahr-el-Ghasal,. Seriba Ghattas, and Schweinfurth 288 from Mvolo, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Mildbraed 3683 from Kimuenza, Belgian Congo, and Mildbraed 891) from north of Lom, Cameroons, all deposited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin. Citations: ANGLO-EGYFTIAN SUDAN: Denka: Schweinfurth 1365 (S- cotype). BELGIAN CONGO: Bergeyck 34 (Br); Germain 572 (Br, Br, N), 4417 (Br, Br, Br, N); Leontovitch 173 (Br, Br, Br, N). VITEX MARANHANA Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names 29, hyponym. 1939; Trop. Woods 6h: 35--36. 19)0. Literature: Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names 29. 1939; Mol- denke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 27. 1939; Moldenke, Trop. Woods 6h: 35--36. 1940; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 39 & 103. 1942; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 120. 19h; Mol- denke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 95 & 201. 199. Tree, to 10 m. tall; trunk to 15 cm. in diameter at breast height; branchlets stout, obtusely tetragonal, at first densely fulvous-villous with long appressed hairs, later merely very densely brown-puberulent or short-pubescent, eventually glabrous and light-gray in color; pith tetragona]:nodes not annulate; principal internodes greatly abbreviated, 5--10 mm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 3-foliolate, clustered at the ends of the youngest twigs; petioles rather stoutish, 3--6 cm. long, densely fulvous- or brownish=-pubescent, often long-villous with fulvous silky hairs like on the young twigs at the base, plainly flatten- ed above; leaflets sessile or subsessile, chartaceous, elliptic, subequal in size or the 2 lateral ones siightly smaller, 3.5-—- 10.5 cm. long, 2—-5 cm. wide, abruptly acute or short-acuminate at the apex, the very tip often blunt, emarginate, or minutely apiculate, entire, subcuneate or acute at the base, densely short-pubescent with brownish velutinous hairs on both surfaces; midrib slender, impressed to the apex above, very prominent be- neath; secondaries slender, ascending, rather straight and par- allel, close together, 17--20 per side, impressed above, promin- ent beneath, anastomosing close to the margins; veinlet reticu- lation abundant, fine, prominulous beneath, the tertiaries sub- impressed above; inflorescence cymose, axillary, equaling or slightly surpassing the petioles, few-flowered; peduncles rather stout, about ) cm. long, densely fulvous- or brownish-pubescent; fruiting-pedicels incrassate, about 3 mm. long; fruiting-calyx patelliform, about 7 mm. wide, puberulent; fruit drupaceous, fleshy, elliptic, about 1.3 cm. long and 1 cm. wide, densely whitish-puberulent. The type of this species was collected by Ricardo de Lemos Frées (no. 4) in a highland forest on terra firma at Pirucana, 4.60 PaHiY *T OG O1G be Vol. 5, Hague Maranh&o, Brazil, on February 12, 1933, and is deposited in the Britton Herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden. The collec-— tor records the common name "taruma asst". The species is known thus far only from the original collection. Citations: BRAZIL: Maranhfo: Frées (N--type, W--16187)0-- isotype). VITEX MARQUESII Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1,2"]: 52, 73, & 83, pl. 9. 1928; Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 26: 165. 1929. Literature: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["1y2"]}: 52, 73, & 83, pl. 9. 1928; Pieper in Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 26: 165. 1929; Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 8: 29. 1933; Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500. 191; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 51 & 103. 1942; H. N. & A. L. Mol- denke, Pl. Life 2: 71. 198; Moldenke, Known Goegr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 119 & 201. 199. Illustrations: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["1h2"]}: pl. 9. 1928. Leaves 5-foliolate; petioles about 10 cm. long, short-—pilose with fuscous hairs; leaflet—blades subcoriaceous, elliptic or obovate, to 12 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, short-acuminate at the apex, shiny and scabrous above. softly fuscous-pilose beneath; secondaries about 12, straight, parallel; petiolules very short, to } mm. long, fuscous-pilose; inflorescence dichasial, short- puberulent with fuscous nairs; bracts and bractlets subulate, caducous; pedicels rather thick, very short; flowers large; cal- yx oblong-campanulate, subbilabiate, fuscous—puberulent, con= spicuously dentate, the teeth 1.5--2 mm. long; corolla genicu- late, about 18 mm. long, densely appressed-pilose on the outside, the upper lip shortly bilobed, erect; style villous at the base, oblique, curvate, short-pilose toward the apex; ovary obpyri- form, pilose at the apex, articulate with the style. The species is based on Marques 271 from Malandsche, Angola, but Pieper also cites Marques 217, The latter is not a cotype, since Pieper definitely refers to no. 271 as the type collection. VITEX MARTII Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 27, nom, nud. 1939; Phytologia 1: )88--89. 191. Literature: Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 27. 1939; Nol- denke, Phytologia 1: )88--)89. 191; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Dis- trib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 39 & 103. 192; H. N. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 71. 198; lioldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 95 & 201. 199. Tree; branches and branchlets slender, grayish, obtusely tet- ragonal, somewhat swollen at the nodes, densely puberulent with extremely fine matted grayish puberulence, becoming subglabrate in age, not noticeably lenticellate; twigs very slender, mostly abbreviated, very densely puberulent with fulvous or ferruginous hairs; nodes not annulate; principal internodes 1--2.3 cm. long or (on young twigs) extremely abbreviated (to 1 mm. long); leaf- scars large, corky, prominent; leaves decussate-opposite, 3--5- 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 61 foliolate; petioles very slender, 0.6--2.8 cm. long at time of anthesis, densely short—pubescent with flavescent or fulvous hairs, flattened above, not noticeably ampliate at the base; leaflets sessile or subsessile at time of anthesis, the blades membranous, rather uniformly bright-green on both surfaces or somewhat lighter beneath, the central ones elliptic, 1.5--3.5 em, long, 6--11.5 mm. wide, sharply acute at the apex, entire, acute at the base, finely puberulent above, somewhat more dense- ly so beneath, mostly conduplicate and reflexed; midrib very slender, plane above, slightly prominulent beneath; secondaries very slender, about 10 per side, ascending, short, not much ar- cuate; vein and veinlet reticulation very fine, indiscernible a- bove, plane beneath; inflorescence axillary, capitate, 2-—-5 mn, long, 6--15 mm. wide, densely many-flowered, not brachiate, ap- pearing before or with the leaves; peduncles very slender, 1.6-- ) em. long, densely short-pubescent or puberulent with flaves- cent or fulvous hairs; calyx campanulate, about 2.6 mm. long and wide, densely appressed-pubescent with yellowish antrorse hairs, its rim distinctly 5-toothed, the teeth broadly ovate, acutely triangular; corolla hypocrateriform, its tube infundibular, a- bout 6 mm. long, gradually ampliate from base to apex, densely short-pubescent on the outside with yellowish hairs, its limb bilabiate, pubescent on both surfaces, the smaller lobes ob- long-elliptic, about 3 mm. long, rounded, the central lower lobe much enlarged; stamens and style somewhat exserted; fruiting- calyx and fruit not known. The type of this little-known species was collected by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in the woods of the Catingas along the Rio S#0 Francisco Salgado, in Minas Gerais, Brazil, and is deposited in the herbarium at Munich. Unfortunately, both the known collections were made while the plants were in the begin- ning of anthesis (September), and so the leaves are obviously very immature. It is hoped that specimens in a later stage of development may soon be forthcoming. The plant was identified as V. sellowiana Cham. by Martius and as V. montevidensis Cham. by Schauer. Citations: BRAZIL: Bahia: Martius s.n. [Malhada near Caitchi] (Mu--667). Minas Gerais: Martius s.n. [along the Rio SM Fran- cisco Salgado] (Mu--666--type, N--isotype, N--photo of type, Z-- photo of type). VITEX MASONIANA Pittier, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 170. 1916. Synonymy: Vitex masoni Pittier ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 51, in syn. 19)0. Literature: Pittier, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 170, 1916s Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names 26. 1939; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 18. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 51. 19,0; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 5h. 192; Mol- denke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 2h & 103. 19)2; Woldenke, Phytologia 2: 120. 194; H. Ne & As L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 71. 1948; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 41 & 201. 199. 462 Poe. y TOG G/Ds Vol. 5, noune Illustrations: Pittier, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 170.1916. Tree, to 25 m. tall; trunk to 12 m. tall and 60 cm. in diam- eter; branchlets rather stout, rather acutely tetragonal, mostly sulcate between the angles, densely furfuraceous-puberulent or short-pubescent with brownish hairs, medullose, somewhat lentic- ellate, becoming very sparsely and minutely puberulent in age; twigs slender or stoutish, short, rather acutely tetragonal, densely furfuraceous with brown hairs, often compressed; nodes conspicuously annulate; principal internodes 1.5—7 cm. long; leaf-scars rather large and corky, not very prominent; leaves decussate-opposite, 3--5-foliolate, fully matured at time of an- thesis; petioles rather stoutish, 2--8.5 cm. long, convex be- neath, conspicuously flattened above, densely furfuraceous with brown hairs throughout, somewhat ampliate at the base and club- shaped at the apex; leaflets subequal or the lowermost somewhat smaller, all subsessile or petiolulate on rather stout, furfura- ceous, margined petiolules 1—9 mm. long; leaflet-blades light- green on both surfaces, subcoriaceous, the central ones elliptic, 4.3——-2h.5 cm. long, 1.8--10.3 cm. wide, acute or obtuse at the a- pex, entire, often slightly subrevolute along the margins, acute at the base, glabrous above, rather densely short-pubescent be- neath, the lateral ones similar in all respects but usually smaller; midrib slender, deeply impressed above, very prominent beneath; secondaries slender, 9—20 per side, irregular, arcuate- ascending, deeply impressed above, sharply prominent beneath, ar- cuately joined near the margins; vein and veinlet reticulation coarse, impressed above, sharply prominent beneath; inflorescence axillary, paniculate, 6.5--18.5 cm. long, 3.5--6.5 cm. wide, com= posed of 2--5 pairs of opposite, rather long-stipitate, many- flowered cymes and a terminal one, furfuraceous-puberulent with brownish hairs throughout; peduncles 3.5--5.5 cm. long, rather slender, flattened, densely brownish-furfuraceous; rachis rather slender, flattened, densely brownish-furfuraceous; pedicels slen- der and about 1 mm, long or obsolete; bracts often present, foli- aceous, 3-foliolate, stipitate, to 3.5 cm. long and 3 cm. wide, the segments resembling ordinary leaflets in all respects but size; bractlets linear or oblong, 2--6 m. long; prophylla line- ar, 1—2 mm. long, furfuraceous; corolla blue. The type of this species was collected by that amazingly inde- fatigable botanist, easily the most outstanding personality I have ever had the honor to meet, Dr. Henri Frangois Pittier de FAbrega (no. ))\89) in forests along the upper Mamoni River, at an altitude of 150-—-),00 meters, Panama, in October of 1911, and is deposited in the United States National Herbarium at Washing- ton, Kluge states that the species is "widely distributed, but not numerous"; others call it "infrequent". It ascends from 33 to 400 meters altitude, and has been collected in anthesis in June and October. It appears to be related to V. orinocensis var. multiflora (Miq.) Huber, but differs notably in its 5-foliolate leaves, distinctly 5-toothed calyx, etc. It has been confused in herbaria with V, floridula Duchass. & Walp. The Pittier 6720, distributed as this species, is actually Godmania aesculifolia 1956 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 63 (H.B.K.) Standl. of the Bignoniaceae. Common names are "quajado" and "pu=-pu-chiru", Citations: PANAMA: Darien: P. H. Allen 265 (N), 4588 (N, S). Panam4: Kluge )), [Mus. Yale School Forest. 723] (F--551733, F—- 573821, K, N, N--photo, W--12064)3, Y, Y, Z—photo); H. Pittier 489 (Bm—isotype, G--isotype, N--isotype, N--photo of type, W-- 67969-—type, W--679650--isotype, Z——-photo of type). VITEX MEDUSAECALYX H. J. Lam, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 59. 1921. Literature: H. J. Lam, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 59. 1921; Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 7: 252. 1929; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 63 & 103 (1942) and [ed. 2], 143 & 201. 199. Arborescent shrub, 3--5 m. tall, erect, branched; branchlets chocolate-colored, brown-farinose; leaves 3-foliolate; petioles 5--9 cm. long, puberulent; leaflet—blades membranous—chartaceous, ovate, acuminate at the apex, entire, cuneate at the base, some- times gradually decurrent, sparsely puberulent above, more dense- ly so on the veins, yellow-glandulose when young, softly pubes- cent and sparsely glandulose beneath, the lateral ones 6.5--8.5 cm. long, 2.1--.1 cm. wide, on petiolules that are )--7 m. long, and with 6 or 7 pairs of secondaries, the central one 8— 12.5 cm. long, 3.9--5.8 cm. wide, on a petiolule 1.8—3 cm. long, and with 7 or 8 pairs of secondaries; cymes axillary, mostly solitary, sometimes binary, 2.5--3.5 cm. long, twice dichotomous; peduncles 1.2--2 cm. long; bracts (in bud) linear, 3--5 mm. long, later caducous; pedicels 2--6 mm. long, slender, subtended by 2 opposite linear bractlets; calyx at time of anthesis about ) mn. long, the tube cupuliform, the lobes ribbon-like or broadly lin- ear, about 1.5 mm. long and 0.5 mm. wide, very abrupt at the a- pex, pubescent on the outside, the basal sinus-margins straight; corolla yellow (in bud), its tube 3.5--l mm. long, cylindric, the smaller lobes rounded, about 0.5 mm. long, the one larger lobe about 1 mm. long, puberulent except for the lower part; stamens inserted near the base of the corolla-tube among a ring of rigid hairs, some hairs pointing up and some pointing dom; style slender; stigma very shortly bifid; ovary glabrous on the lower part, glandulose on the upper part; fruit subglobose, black, about 6 mm. long, 5—6 m, wide. The species is based on Ltrzing 566 and 761 from near Bandar Baru, altitude 1250 meters, Sumatra, collected on December 30, 1916, and February 15, 1917, respectively. It is said to be re- lated to V. vestita Wall., V. neglecta H. J. Lam, and V. glosso- calyx H. J. Lam, but differs in its medusa-like calyx. The last- mentioned of these names is doubtless an error for Subgenus Glos- socalyx C. B. Clarke (Vitex gamosepala Griff.). Citations: SUMATRA: Ltrzing 761 (Bz—-2255--cotype, Bz-- 2.256--cotype, Bz——2)257—-cotype, Bz—2258--cotype, N--cotype, en. of cotype, Z--photo of cotype); Van Steenis 9427 (Bz— 2h25h). ae holy es ao oe a Vol. 5, no. 9 VITEX lala (Spreng.) Moldenke, Am. Journ. Bot. 38: 327. 1951. Synonymy: Besleria pentaphylla Vell., Fl. Flum. 262 (1825), Icon. 6: pl. 83. 1527 [not Vitex pentaphylla Merr., 1909]. Eee nonia megapotamica Spreng., Syst. Veg. hh (2): 237 162 he Vitex montevidensis Cham., Linnaea 7: 373. 1832. Vitex montevidensis ? var. multinervis Cham., Linnaea 7: 37). 1832. Psilogyne vitici-_ folia A. DC., Rev. Fam. Bignon. 16. 1838. Vitex taruma Mart., Syst. Mat. Med. Brasil. 55. 183. Vitex multinervis (Cham. w Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 688. 18]7. Vitex viticifolia (A.DC.) B. L. Robinson, Proc. Amer. Acad. 51: 531. 1916. Vitex montevid- ensis Cham. & Schlecht. ex Engelhardt, Abh. Hess. Geol. Landesan- sStalt Darmstadt 7 (lh): 69. 1922. Psilogyne angustifolia A. DC. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 39, in syn. 190. Literature: Vell., Fl. Flum. 262. 1825; Vell., Fl. Flum. Icon. 6: pl. 83. 1827; Spreng., Syst. Veg. 4 (2): 237. 18273; Changs Linnaea 7: 373--37). 1832; A. DC., Rev. Fam. Bignon. 16. 1838; HMart., Syst. Mat. Med. Brasil. 55. 1613; Schau sin Aedes Prodr. 11: 688. 1847; Schau. in iart., Fl. Bras. 9: 297. 10523 Baeee K. Schum, in Mart. , Fl. Bras. 8 (2): 289. 1897; Briq., Arkiv Bot. 2.(10): 22. 190h; E. D. Merr., Philipp. Journ. Sci. Bots We gee 1909; B. L. Robinson, Proc. Amer. Acad. 51: 531. 1916; Junell, symb, Bot. Upsal. 4: 93. 1934; Molfino, Trab. Inst. Bot. & Farm. 53: 58 and 54: 79. 1935; Latzina, Lilloa 1: 189. 1937; Herter, Revist. Sudam. Bot. 4: 187. 1937; F. C. Hoehne, Bot. & Agr. Bras. Sec. 16: 243 & 357. 1937; Morton, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 26: 47h. 1939; Herter, Revist. Sudam. Bot. 6: 97. 1939; Herter, Beih, Bot. LEAD 59: 275. 1939; Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names 6, 11, 14, & 29. 1939; lioldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 27--29 & hO. 1939; Sugtaenica. Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 39, 51, & 52. 1940; Hoehne, Kuhlmann, & Handro, O Jard. Bot. S. Palo 78, 191; Inst. Bot. Observ. Ger. Contrib. 3: 40 & 6, lh: 16, and 5: viii. 1942; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], BF, eh des, 215, & 103. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 39, oh, & Be igh2s Noldenke, Phytologia 2: 120. 194; Lombardo, Fi, Arb. Urug. 97 & ate. 196; Irmo Augusto, Fl. Rio Grande do Sul 231 & 236. 196; F.C. Hoehne, Frut. Indig. 77 & 79, pl. 32, fig. 1. 1946; Ragonese & Martinez "crovette, Revist. Invest. Ag- ric. 1: 202. 1917; Lombardo, Fl. Arb. & Arbores. Urug. 187--188. 1947; !oldenke, Known Geogr Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 95, 99, 100, 107, & 202. 199; H. N. 2 A. L. Moldenke, Anal. Inst. Biol. Mex. 20: 7 1949; Rambo, Anais Bot. Herb. flarboas Rod. 3: 72 & 83. 1951; Stellfeld, Trib. Farmac. 19 (10): 170--171. 1951; i‘ol- denke, Am. Journ. Bot. 38: 327. 1951; Reitz, Sellowia 6: 2h9 &: 257. 1954; Rambo, Sellowia 6: 60, 57, & 183, 195h; Angely, Gazeta do Povo, Curitiba, 37, no. 10698, Dp... 5e Deetshy 1955, Illustrations: "veli., Fl. Flum. Icon. 6: pl. 33. 1827; Etting- sh., Blatt-Skel. Dikot. 79, pl. 30, fig. 10. 10861; F. C. Hoehne, Frut. Indig. 77, pl.. 32, fig. 1. 196. Very handsome shrub or middle-sized tree, to 25m. tall, but often in hedgerows a shrub only 1.5 m. tall (to be cont inued). VP al ae Pe aNd Sah a Pte if TF au ig ms ( 7 ead tf. Ne ’ ‘> Mele es Lee * ta soe 7 7 as sae. | —e in advance for the entire cost of printing, binding, and dsscitning his < aa tribution. All money received from subscribers, after the expenses of col : lections have been deducted, will be distributed among the contributors upon 4 the completion of a volume, in proportion to the space which yg have 1 used, att Each contributor is therefore a shareholder in the magazine, i “his a part of the expenses and sharing in the profits, if amy accrue. = Each number consists of not less than 32 pages. All mu will be published in the next issue, so that the size of numbers m greatly. A volume will contain about 32 signatures, 512 pages, or a st number of pages with an equivalent number of plates. 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' Upon request, the editors will send, Pclsiled instructions concei preparation of manuscript or further | information about the mag quiries may be addressed to the magazine or to either editor. — ; Renn NEW Bt | BOTA oe oP Y TOLOGTA, | f | : Designed to expedite botanical publication Baya os F Bienes WORs 'D February, 1957 No. 10 Bare CONTENTS , Shas ‘Oswain, F. W., A new color form of Vernonia ae we PUOITE TUNE PENSE MO ORE An YATE aa een cae 465 ; : ‘ ‘, Movpenke, H. N., Materials toward a monograph Pai 4 opi the genus Vitex. VIL... Le PERU Cd ct 465 % me Author REPRO NE CAL IRSTER, TORE ice a aa eh ok eee Nk OES 508 Ee | " mneey to Supra-specific Scientific Names in Volume Five.......... 508 Published by Harold N. Moldenke and Alma ey Moldenke 15 Glenbrook Avenue Yonkers 5, New York Price of this number, $1; per volume, $5 in advance Vol. 5, No. 9, was issued September 28, 1956 Oe AON | A NEW COLOR FORM OF VERNONIA FROM NEW JERSEY Fred W. Oswald VERNONIA NOVEBORACENSIS f. LILACINA Oswald, f. nov. Haec forma a forma typica speciei floribus lilacinis recedit. This form differs from the typical form of the species in having lilac instead of deep purple flowers. The type of the form was collected by myself at Paramus, Bergen County, New Jersey, on August 31, 1956, and is deposited in the H. N. Moldenke herbarium at Yonkers, New York. MATERIALS TOWARD A MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS VITEX. VII Harold N. Moldenke VITEX Tourn. Additional literature: Biol. Abstr. 28: 353. 195h. Additional excluded species: Vitex involucratus Presl = Sphenodesme involucrata (Presl) B. L. Robinson. VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS L. Additional literature: Thorne, Am. Midl. Nat. 52: 313. 195). VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS f. LATIFOLIA (Mill.) Rehd. Additional citations: CULTIVATED: New York: He N. Moldenke 21251 (Hk). VITEX ALTISSIMA L. f. Additional literature: Santapau, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. pec. 53: 25, 16, 19, & 2h. 1955. Santapau reports in the reference cited above that the tree attains a height of 100 feet or more and is found in the middle and top layers of forest, often loaded with epiphytic orchids. Additional citations: CULTIVATED: Florida: Menninger s.n. [February 8, 1956] (2). Ny Me VITEX AMBONIENSIS Gttrke Additional literature: Bruce, Bothalia 6: 237. 1951. Codd reports this plant to be a spreading-topped tree, 12 feet tall, with oval black fruit, found in the bush on low rocky ridges at an altitude of 1500 feet. His specimen, cited below, was cited by Bruce, in the reference given above, as V. patula E. A. Bruce. vr \ Additional citations: UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA: Transvaal: Codd ge? (Z). 65 166 Pan wd O LOG) ok Vol. 5, no. 10 VITEX CAPITATA Vahl Lasser describes the tree as having a spreading crown and violet-blue corollas. Additional citations: VENEZUELA: Zamora: Lasser 225 (N). VITEX GAUMERI Greemm. Steyermark describes this tree as 60 to 80 feet tall. Additional citations: GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: Steyermark 48hO (x). VITEX KUYLENII Standl. Matuda describes the species as a tree 10 meters tall, and found it in sandy woods. His specimen, cited below, was misiden— tified as Hirtella triandra Sw. Vitex kuylenii is certainly very closely related to V. hemsleyi Briq., but may be distinguished by its conspicuously reflexed calyx-lobes. It may not be worthy of specific rank. Additional citations: MEXICO: Chiapas: Matuda 17627 (N). VITEX MEGAPOTAMICA (Spreng.) Moldenke Trunk to 1 m. in diameter; bark irregularly scaly; branchlets slender, gray or whitish, medullose, densely cinereous—puberulent on the younger parts, soon becoming glabrate, obtusely tetragon- al, corky; twigs slender, short, tetragonal or compressed, dense- ly puberulent with cinereous or sordid-gray puberulence; nodes not annulate or only very obscurely so; principal internodes 0.5- 3 cm. long or even more abbreviated, sometimes to 11.5 cm. long on vigorous shoots; leaf-scars large and corky, prominent; leaves decussate-opposite, 3--7-foliolate, mostly 5-foliolate; petioles slender, 1--8 cm. long, densely cinereous- or sordid-puberulent, slightly ampliate at the base; leaflets subequal or unequal with the 2 lowermost much smaller, all petiolulate or the lowermost subsessile; petiolules slender, 1--12 mm. long, puberulent, deep- ly canaliculate and margined, the central one longest, the lower- most often obsolete; leaflet-blades thin-chartaceous or submem- branous, the mature ones very firm, dark-green above, lighter beneath, the central one narrowly elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, varying to oboval or oblanceolate, 3--1) cm. long, 1.3--6 cm. wide, varying from abruptly short-acuminate to acute or even rounded or emarginate at the apex, entire (or rarely subserrate above the middle), varying from acute to acuminate or subcuneate at the base, glabrous above (or slightly puberulent along the midrib and larger venation when very immature), very minutely puberulent beneath, especially along the midrib and larger vena- tion, sometimes barbellate in the axils beneath, becoming glab- rous; midrib slender, impressed above, prominent beneath; second- aries slender, 6--22 per side, mostly close together, flat or subimpressed above, prominent beneath, ascending, not much arcu- ate except at the margins where they are arcuately joined; vein and veinlet reticulation sparse and obscure on immature leaves, fine and abundant on mature ones, obscurely subprominulous above and sometimes the larger portions also subprominulous beneath; 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 67 inflorescence axillary, cymose, 1.5--7 cm. long, 1--l;.5 cm. wide, 1--); times dichotomous or rarely subumbelloid, the branches widely spreading and loosely flowered, canescent- or sordid- puberulent throughout; peduncles slender, 0.9--3.5 cm. long, compressed-flattened, usually somewhat ampliate at the apex and annulate there with a band of denser puberulence; cyme-branches flattened, ampliate, annulate, and puberulent like the peduncles; pedicels slender, 1--2 mm. long or obsolete, densely canescent- puberulent or short-pubescent; bracts often present, foliaceous, oblong, to 2 cm. long, short-stipitate or subsessile; bractlets oblong-linear, 3--6 mm. long, 1--2 mm. wide, subsessile; pro- phylla linear or setaceous, minute, about 1 mm. long, short- pubescent; flowers fragrant; calyx green, campanulate, 3--l mm. long, 2.5--l; mm. wide, densely short-pubescent with appressed antrorse hairs, its rim 5-toothed, the teeth ovate, 1 mm. long or less, often reflexed; corolla hypocrateriform, varying from pink to rose, lilac, blue, light-blue, violet, or purple, usually with its tube white with a slight lilac tinge, infundibular, 8—. 10 mm. long, broadly ampliate at the apex, densely short-pubes- cent on the outside above the calyx, glabrous inside except for the pubescent throat, the limb 5-lobed, the ) subequal upper and lateral lobes usually white, ovate-elliptic, l|--8 mm. long, 3--7 mm, wide, acute, the lower lobe transformed into a flabelliform lip to 13 mm. long and 10 mm. wide, rounded-emarginate at the a- pex, crisped along the margins, pubescent at its narrowed claw- like base; stamens , didynamous, two longer than the other two; filaments filiforn, about 9 and 10 mn. long, pubescent at the base; anthers divergent, about 0.4 mm. long; pistil glabrous, ex- serted; style about 1 cm. long; stigma bifid; ovary globose, a- bout 3.5 mm. long and wide, glabrous; fruiting-pedicels (central ones) to 13 mm. long; fruiting-calyx campanulate, incrassate, 3-- 5 mm. long, about 6 mm. wide, minutely puberulent with appressed antrorse hairs, its rim deeply 5-lobed; fruit drupaceous, black or purple-black, spherical or elliptic-obovate, to 2.5 cm. long and 1.7 cm. wide when mature, much smaller when dried, glabrous, edible. This common and well-known species was based by Sprengel on a collection made by Friedrich Sellow in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. V. montevidensis was based by Chamisso on several collections of Sellow, one, at least, from Rio Pardo in Rio Grande do Sul, and -- judging by the specific name chosen -- one, at least, from Montevideo, Uruguay. Other cotypes of V. montevidensis are Sellow 2353, 2355, s.n. [Prasil. merid.; Nacbride photos 17561], and s._ n. i taesciiial. T Tie species grows from linas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, south to Uruguay, Paraguay, and Misiones, Argen- tina. It has been collected in anthesis from September to. Decem—- ber, and in fruit fron November to March. It inhabits primeval forests and woods, the borders of woods, thickets and hedgerows, swampy woods, arroyos, streamsides, river banks, lakesides, moun- tains, meadows, and plains, and ascends to 1000 meters altitude. It has been confused by various collectors with V. cymosa Lert. and V. vauthieri P. DC. The Kreutzpointner specimen cited below 68 PS. YT 0 150 61's Vol. 5, no. 10 consists of drug material. Briquet, in the reference cited in Phytologia 5: 6 (1956), says that the species is a tall shade-producing tree and points out that the common name "taruma't is applied not only to this species, but also to V. cymosa, a very different species. He might ee added that this vernacular name is practically a gen- eric one for all Vitex species in Brazil. Hoehne, Kuhlmann, & Hancro record the species as cultivated in the beautiful So Paulo botanical garden, where it is woody plant no. 515 and where it blooms in November and fruits in March. It is listed by Irm@&o Augusto in his "Flora do Rio Grando do Sul" and called "tarumd", Hoehne, in his 196 publication, states that it was first culti- vated as a shade tree on the streets of SHo Luiz de Caceres in Mattogrosso and that its black fruits are the size and color of ripe olives (Olea europaea). This and other species of the genus Vitex deserve to be cultivated and selectively bred to produce larger and sweeter fruit. In his 1937 publication he records "copiuba" and "taruma" as common names. Ragonese & Martinez Cro= vette also say that the drupes are edible and cite "Ltfgren, p. 102 (189)". Other vernacular names recorded for the species are "bracui", "bracuy", "echter Tarum4n", "guabiroba brava", "tapinhofn", "taram&", "tarum&", "tarum4", "tarum4 blanco", "tarum4 dure", "taruma guazu", "taruma mirim", "taruman", "ta4ruman", "tarum4 de ley", "tarumfo", and *tatuman'. The form with the secondaries of the leaflets numerous and close together, as exemplified by Regnell 1.38b, Burchell 250, Mosén 32), and Herb. Inst. Bot. S. ;» Paulo 8 869, 118 8, 15600 OO, and 19Lh6, often identified as V. multinervis or ae Viticitonee is ently not constantly distinct. Similar leaflets can be found on many specimens with otherwise few-veined leaflets. The type collection of V. multinervis is SeJlow s.n. [Brasilia; Macbride photos 17563]. Subserrate leaflets are seen on Malme 352 at Stock- holm, The branches of this species are often heavily laden with mosses and lichens, as may be seen on Sellow 2355 at Kew. Bark specimens are preserved on Fiebrig 5382, from Paraguay, in the United States National Ilerbarium at 1} “Washington. The gynoecium anatomy is discussed by Junell. He states that "Bei......V. multinervis vérwachsen die beiden Plazenten in der Hthe der Sam- enanlagenbefestigungen oder unmittelbar oberhalb. Die Fruchtblatt- rander sind miteinander vollstundig verwachsen, abgesehen vom obersten Teil des Fruchtknotens, wo seichte Furchen zwischen ihnen eindringen. Es kommen keine 'falschen' Scheidewtinde vor. Die Fruchtblattmitten kénnen insbesondere bei V. multinervis et- was verdickt sein." Stellfeld says "o popular'tarum& o taruman', também conhecido pelos nomes: taruman pardo e taruman vermelho. "Excelente para dormentes e esteios, resistindo bem nos lugares tmidos. E' a azeitona brasileira’ e gozam entre o povo, de propriedades depura- tivas as folhas (5 folhas), existindo mesmo algumas especialida- des farmac@éuticas a base desta droga." Montes reports the flowers as "cremosos-morados", 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex h69 Osten says "Vitex sp. nov. a Vit. montevidensi differt: fol. glabr. pedunc. } poll. long. Drupa ) lin. longa" for Herter 1898, which happens to have its petiolules extra long and the leaflets often 7 in number. The Berro s.n. [Facuarembo, Diciembre] collec- tion cited below also represents this long-petiolulate form. New York Bot. Gard. Econom. Mus. 7066 is supposed to represent this species, too, but is labeled Sugenia cauliflora Berg., probably as the result of a mixup in labels. Morton in Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 26: 7) excluded Besleria pentaphylla Vell. from the Gesneriaceae, but did not indicate its true disposition. I,, a letter to me dated April 17, 1950, he says "Doubtless you are right that it represents a Vitex." Sandwith, in a letter to me dated April 20, 1950, says "All I know, in lit- erature, of Bignonia megapotamica Spreng., subsequent to its descr., is the exclusion from Bignoniaceae by Bureau and k. Schumann in Mart., Fl. Bras. viii. pars 2, 289 (1897). As you will see, they write '=Vitex spec.', confirming your evidence. When I read the description of Sprengel, this seems to me obvious, and I should imagine that there is little doubt that the Sellow type collection was the same as that of the later Vitex montevid- ensis Cham., also based on Sellow material. Sprengel's descr. agrees pretty well with our Sellow sheets of V. montevidensis." He says further, however, "I must admit, I have not myself seen Sprengel's type specimen. His name is legitimate within the genus Bignonia."' Actually, I have seen Sprengel's type in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum at Berlin, but this is now probably destroyed. Citations: BRAZIL: Mattogrosso: Endlich 203 (B). Minas Gerais: Collector undesignated 627 (Br); F. C. Hoehne s sen. (Herb. Inst. Biol. S. Paulo 19)),6] (N, N, Sp); Lindberg 221 (Br, N N--photo, S, Us, Z-~photo); Mosén 642 (S, S, W--1323355), 643 (Cp, Cp, Lu, N, N— photo, 01, S, Z--photo),, 432k (N--photo, S, Z-~-photo); Pohl "3599 oe TEV, y, 13 V); Regnell 1.38b (B, Br, F-99816, G, K, Mu ier PS, S, Ut, V, Vu; 72711928) , 1.383 (01, P, S, W— 27927) ; aera. 1321 (Br), sen. (Caldas, 13)5] (B, B, Br, Cp, K, Lu, Mu--1521, N, Ol, S, S, Wa). Parand: Ceccatto 50 (Herb. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 57818; Herb . Mus. Parana, 2237] (It, N); Dusén 3403 (S, Us), 7262 (Cb, R--1036582, F-66845, G, I, K, N, S, W— 181791), ~ 726 (B, E--1036551, G, Mi, s), 10520 (Ga-—-S01687, S), 1506 (B, 8), 15956 (Cb, B--908138, F--668LLL, G, K, Lu, N, S), 16165 (B, Cb, It, N, N—-photo, N--photo, S, W-1),81850, Re Z--photo), s.n. fponmeary 190): Herb. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 599] (N, S); Hatschbach 559 (It, N), 1703 (N); Hertel s.n. [Estrada Graciosa; Herb. Mus. Parana. 1589] (N); F.C. Hoehne ~ sen. [Herb. Inst. Bot. S. Paulo 23423] (It, N, Sp); JUnsson 1302a (S), 1382a (B, S, W--1),8193)); Reiss 5 (F-89668, I, N); Stellfeld pt (Herb . Mus. Parana. 2326] (N); Tessmann sen. [Dec. 10, 19L7; Herb. Mus. Parana. 2717] (N). Rio de Janeiro: Glaziou "y1s9a (P); 4,70 PHITOLOG LS Vol. 5, DOy-ae Riedel & Luschnath 156 (N). Rio Grande do Sul: Bormnttller 756 (A, G); Friedrichs 32908 (S); Gaudichaud 1450 (ey 3170 [Herb. Imp. Brésil 501] (P); Henz 32667 (S), sen. . [Nov. 6, 1946; Rambo 35421] (N); Herb. Martius s.n. (Mu--13)9); Ihering ant (B, Ja— 5992); Leite 2L8 (N); Lindman 1111 2 (N--photo, S, » Z--photo), A.897 (Lu, S, S, Us); Malme 282 (B, 5, Ss) Us). 362 (lus S)3 eee & isidenie 19683 (N); es nae (s), 29358 (N), 37965 (N); Reineck & Czermak 9 493 (B); ~ Sellow 11h2 (B, N--photo, V, V, Z--vhoto), 2355 [Macbride photos 17561] CB. B, K, Kr--photo, i photo), 3170 ‘0 (B, N), sen. [Rio Pardo] (K), s.n. (Rrasd Tal (cb, F--999007, K Oy ae Le, L Le, Le, N-—-photo, N--photo, S, V, V, V, W--1323353, Z--photo, Z--photo}, s.n. (Brasilia; lMacbride photos 17563] (B, B, B, B, B, Br, De, F--663092, Kr--photo, N--photo, N--photo, P, Us, X, Z--photo), s.n. [Brasil. merid.; Macbride photos 17561] (Em, " F466 3090-—photo, K, Vt, Vu, W--6176h9), sen. [Herb. Sprengel] (B-type) ; Theissen SM. [Herb. Inst. Bots Baim Paulo 50980; Herb. Rambo 732] (N, Sp); Tweedy 6 (K). Santa Cath- arina: es 181 (B, De, N, P, P), 181 bis bis (P), sen. (P)5 Gevieski 5) [H. B. R. 3332] (N, 2); Herb. Inst. Malariologia 106 (N), 151 ("); Herter 20132 (B); F.C. Hoehne s.n. [Herb. Inst. | Bot. S. Paulo 2hh58) (i, (H, Sp); G. iitfller s.n. [Blumenau, 188] (B); Reitz 282 (N); neitz & Klein 131 (Le), 1237 (Cb); J. A. Rohr a3 (N); Schwacke Son. ~ (Ja=-5991) ; Ule 1065 (B, Py 7" 1323354). So Paulo: Gaudichaud 277 (P); A. Gehrt s.n. [Herb. Inst. Bot. S. Paulo 28363] (It, N, Sp); F. C. Hoehne s.n. [Herb. Inst. Bot. S. Palo 869] (A, Bm, N, Sp, W--15),3126) ; W. Hoehne 659 (Mg, N, No); Moldenke & Moldenke 1953 (Es, Lg, Lg, N); Nav- arro de aicade 109 (Ja——32263); Pickel | (N, Sf, Si); L. Roth 80 [Herb. Inst Inst. Bot. S. Paulo 203 53) (N, Sp); Salon 355 (B, B); = 2 (Mu--l,051), s sen. [Herb. Inst. etre S. Paulo oo eo) (It, N, Sp); Vecchi s.n. [Herv. Serv. Fl. Comp. Pal. Estr. Ferro 109; Herb. Inst. Bot. S, Paulo 1188; Herb. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 16298] (It, N, Sp); Warming 815 (Cp), 816 (Cp). State undetermined: Bur- chell 250 (K); Herb. la Martius s.n. (Br); Herb. Mus. Paris. ayia (P); Kreutzpointner s.n. (Jan. 1897] (Mu--37hl, Mu--37L5); Sellow 335 (B, B), 1b50 (B), 2148 (B), 2353 (P), son. (B, B); Widgren s. n. n, [Brasilia] (Lu, Lu). PARAGUAY: Balansa 1021 (Cb, K); Bett- freund 236 (B); Fiebrig 5332 (B, Bm, Cb, Ed, G, K, Le, Mu-—-25h, W--117800h), 5807 (B, 7 (B, W-=1159385), 6015. (B), 6373 (Bm, Le); Hass- ler 960 (B, Bm), 11117 (A, B, Bm, Cb, K, N, P, S, V, W--2055]0h), 12307a (A, B, Em, Cb, Cp, 5--8482hh, Ra, G, K, Le, W-1057262) ; JOrgensen 3786 [Herb . es 22228] (Cp, " Da--19806h, E--971678, F--696385, F--766)60, , S, Ug, W--1433909), sen. [Herb. Mus. Argent. Cienc. Nat. ae cork (NN). URUGUAY: Berro 1970 (N, X), 5735 (N), sen. [Facuarembo, Diciembre 1909] (Ug), s sen. [Facuar- embo, Diciembre] (Ug); Castellanos s.n,. [Herb,. Inst. t. Miguel Lillo 1507] (N); Herter 1392 [Herb. Herter 83856] (Ca—505188, Cb, E-- 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 71 1039723, F--364938, Ut), 1392b [Herb. Herter 9042] (Ca—-770981, Cb, E--106802, F--86)989, G, Ut); Schr&ter s.n. [Herb. Osten 16073] (Ug), sen. [Herb. Osten 1909] (Ug). ARGENTINA: Misiones: Bertoni 3006 (N); Denis sen. [9.1X.1917] (N); Ekman 1976 (S), 1977 (S)3 Gruner 13 [15.1X.1930; Herb. Osten 23153] (N, Ug), 413 [15.1.1931; Herb. Osten pte (Ue); Lillo 10566 [Herb. Inst. Miguel Lillo 325)6] (N); T. Meyer 11477 (N (N); Montes 1548 (N), 7115 (N); Niederlein 1810 (B); D. Rodriguez 53 [8.XII.1909; Herb. Inst. Miguel Lillo 9999] (N), 53 [3.XI1.1913] (N), sn. [Herb. Inst. Miguel Lillo 10566] (N); 7 T. Rojas 436 [Herb. Osten 19351; Herb. Lab. Bot. Buenos Aires 0325] (Ug); A. G. Schulz 6510 (Sz), 7161 ‘Sz); Vattuone & Bianchi 170 (W--10,3575). CULTIVATED: Argen- tina: curran 3h (Y¥). "LOCALITY OF COLLECTION UNDETERMINED: ae (N); Puiggari 3319 9 (P). VITEX MEGAPOTAMICA f. ALBIFLORA Moldenke, Phytologia h: 183. 1953. This form differs from the typical form of the species in hav- ing entirely white corollas. The type of the form was collected by my good friend, Raulino Reitz (no. 3226), in capoeir&o at Brusque, at an altitude of 50 meters, “Santa ta Catharina, Brazil, on December h, 199, and is de- nosited in the Britton tlerbariun at the New York Botanical Gar- den, It is saidw be a tree 8 meters tall, called "torum&", Citations: BRAZIL: Santa Catharina: Reitz 3226 (N--type, S-- isotype). VITEX MEXIAE Moldenke, Rev. Sudam. Bot. 5: 2. 1937. Synonymy: Vitex sellowiana var. parviflora Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 690. 187 [not V. parviflora A. L. Juss., 1806]. Vitex brasiliensis Mart. ex Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 690, in syn. [not V. brasiliensis Steud., 1821]. Literature: A. L. Juss., Ann. Mus. Nat. Hist. Paris 7: 76. 1806; Steud., Nom. Bot., ed. 1, 888. 1821; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 690. 187; Glaz., Bull. Soc. Bot. France Mém. 3: Sh7. 1911; Moldenke, Rev. Sudam. Bot. 5: 2. 1937; Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names 16, 20, & 21. 1939; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 27. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 50 & 52, 1940; Moldenke, Known. Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 39, 75, & 103. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 52 & 55. 19h2; Yoldenke, Phytologia 2: 120. 1944; H. Ne. & Ae L. Moldenke, Pi, Life 2: 8. 1948; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 95, 165, & ao. 199. Shrub or tree, to 8m. tall; bark shreddy; branchlets rather slender, gray-brown, obtusely tetragonal or subterete, puberulent, becoming subglabrate in age; twigs slender, obtusely tetragonal, mostly compressed, brown, rather densely short-pubescent, some- what ampliate at the nodes; nodes not noticeably annulate; prin- cipal internodes 0.7--5.5 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite, 5--7-foliolate; petioles slender, 2.5--8 cm. long, convex be- 472 BeBe oned 3,0 Gets Vol. 5, no. 10 neath, flattened above, rather densely short—pubescent or puberu- lent with brownish hairs, slightly ampliate at the base, somewhat irregularly disciform at the apex; leaflets usually quite unequal in size, the lateral ones smaller than the central one, the low- ermost quite reduced, all petiolulate; petiolules puberulent or short-pubescent, deeply canaliculate, margined, 2--10 mm, long, the lowermost usually considerably shorter than the central ones; leaflet-blades chartaceous, rather firm, dark-green and shiny a- bove, rather densely short-pubescent with cinereous or more usu- ally sordid-brownish hairs beneath, very obscurely strigillose with very minute hairs or glabrate above, the central ones oblong elliptic or subobovate, 6—12.5 cm. long, 1.3--l\.5 cm. wide, ac- uminate at the apex (rarely acute on the smallest leaflets), en- tire, rather narrowly acute or subacuminate at the base; midrib slender, rather deeply impressed above, prominent beneath; sec- ondaries slender, 9--16 per side, often rather close together, arcuate-ascending, arcuately joined at the margins, usually some- what impressed above, prominent beneath; vein and veinlet reticu- lation very abundant and fine, rather obscurely subprominulent a- bove, the larger portions prominulent beneath; inflorescence ax- jllary, cymose, 3.5--11 cm. long, 1.5--l.8 cm. wide, 1--l times dichotomous with a central terminal flower plain in each dichot— omy, the branches rather divaricate, densely short-pubescent or puberulent throughout; peduncles slender, elongate, 2.5--7.5 cm. long, flattened, occasionally somewhat ampliate at the apex; cyme-branches short, flattened, ampliate and annulate with a band of denser pubescence at each node; bracts none; bractlets numer- ous, linear, 2--5 mm. long, pubescent or puberulent; prophylla linear, 1--2 mm. long, pubescent; calyx campanulate, 2.5--3 m. long and wide, rather densely strigillose-puberulent with ant- rorse hairs, its rim minutely 5-dentate; corolla hypocrateriforn, light-purple or blue (or white), densely puberulent or short- pubescent on the outside, its tube broadly cylindric, about 5 mm. long, pubescent at the mouth within, its limb 5-lobed, the lobes 2--2.5 mm. long, the inferior central one obovate, broader than the rest; stamens and style short-exserted, projecting 2--3 mm. from the corolla-mouth; fruiting-calyx incrassate, very shallow- ly cupuliform or almost pateliiform, about 8 mm. wide, minutely puberulent on the outside, its rim irregularly dentate; fruit drupaceous, green, subglobose, 7--8 mm. long and wide, nigrescent in drying, glabrous. This endemic species is based on several collections of Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius from Sebastianopolis and from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mexia 5251 was originally regarded by me as the type collection, but this is not correct, since I did not publish the presently accepted binomial as a new taxonomic entity, but merely as a new status and name for Schauer's variety, which was based on the Vartius collections. V. mexiae inhabits cut-over woods, mountain woods, and over- crown slopes, ascending to 720 meters altitude. It has been col- lected in anthesis in September and November, and in fruit in January and March. It has been confused in the past with V. cymo- 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 73 sa Bert., V. sellowiana*Cham., V. vauthieri P. DC., and the gen- us Tecoma, Glaziou reports the comion names "ipé branco", "maminha", and "maminha de cadella" for his no. 5957 from Santo Antonio near Petropolis, Rio de Janeiro, which he erroneously i- dentifiec as V. sellowiana. lMiss Mexia reports the name "Maria preta" and says that the species grows scattered but is still common in Minas Gerais. Citations: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais: Martius s.n. [Villa de Can- panha] (Mu--676--cotype, N--photo of cotype, Z--photo ee cotype); Mexia 5251 (A, B, Bm, cb, E--106916, G, Gg—-33613, 4 eee) Su7k (A, B, Bm, Cb, E—-1069163, F—8770h7, G, PB I I, XN, poe): Riedel & Lind 2790 (N); Saint- tere "p2.2208 bis, in part (P). Rio de Janeiro: Glaziou 5957 (By Cp, Cp, x, P: “K, P, 8); Martius 05 (Mu--677--cotype, N--photo of cotype, Toned of cotype), — sen. [Sebastianopolis] (Mu--678--cotype, S--photo of cotype); Miers 4585 (K), 4587 (K), sen. [Organ lits., Dec. 1837] (Bm), s SN. {Organ Mts., March 1838] (Bm); Santos Lima 325 [Herb. Jad. Bot. _ Rio Jan. 27073] (N). S8o Paulo: Ltfgren 10 100 (N, N--photo, Ss, S, Z—-photo), 79 (S), sen. [Herb. Jard. Bot. Rio Jan. 1078] (B, 2 photo, S, Ut, Z--photo). State undetermined: Schtich s son. (N-- photo, v, paiohote) : CULTIVATED: Brazil: Handro arb. viv. 515 (Herb. Inst. Bot. S. Paulo SIG08) Wels s uk ee ee VITEX MICRANTHA Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 170. 1893. Synonymy: Vitex longe-acuminata A. Chev., Expl. Bot. Afr. Occ. Frang. 1: 506, hyponym. 1920. Vitex longeacuminata A. Chev. ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 54, in syn. 19h2. Literature: Gurke in Ingl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 170. 1893; Cumn- ins, Kew Bull. 1898: 76--77. 1398; J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. “Trop. Bar, 52 '324s..1900s As Chev., vég. Util. Afr. Trop. Frang. 266, 1909; A. Chev., Expl. Bot. Afr. Occ. Fran¢g. 1: 506— 507. 1920; Pieper in Engl. , Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1)2"]: 43, 56, 80, & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. zt, 16, Ty Pa ae Ce 19h125 Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 5h. 192; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 120. "lols Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid tones Suppl. 1: 29. 1947; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. _ Verbenac., [ed. 2], 112 & 201. 199. A shrub or small tree, to 5m. tall; branchlets glabrous; leaves 5-foliolate; petioles slender, l—-5 cm. long, glabrous; leaflets subsessile, their blades moderately firm, green and glabrous on both surfaces, obovate-cuneate, entire, conspicuously cuspidate at the apex, the central ones about 5 cm. long and 2 cm wide; cymes axillary, distinctly pedunculate, few-flowered, long, their branches glabrous; calyx campanulate, about 1 mm. long, thinly pubescent, its rim with very small teeth; corolla small, white, with the lip somewhat violet, silky onthe outside; fruit- ing-calyx about 2 mm. in diameter. The species is based on Mann 860 from Sierra Leone. Gtrke's name was published in December of 1893 [not 189)" as usually cited] according to a note by Rolfe on a sheet of Clerodendrum 7h PAY. T OL, OG T4 Vol. 5, no. 10 triplinerve Rolfe in the Kew herbarium and a note by N. &. Brown on a sheet identified as Vitex flavescens Rolfe in the same her- barium. Pieper cites an Afzeliuss.n,. from west tropical Africa in the Uppsala herbarium, in addition to the Cummins 7) cited by Baker. Chevalier cites his nos. 1907, 1509, 16229, 17371, and 17803 from Ivory Coast, calling the species V. longe-acuminata on page 506 and V. micrantha on page 507 of his work. Common names are tan 'dofiti", "andofiti", "djin-akwa", "feve", "fevei", and "sah- sah," Citations: LIBERIA: G. P. Cooper 70 [Mus. Yale School Forest. 13720] (N). IVORY COAST: Banco 386 (N, S). CAMEROONS: Zenker s.n. [Bipindi] (N). eur ©. eae VITEX MICROPHYLLA Moldenke, Phytologia 3: h2--lh3. 1951. Shrub about 2m. tall, much-branched; branches and branchlets very slender, grayish, acutely or obtusely tetragonal, more or less cinereous-puberulent, glabrescent in age, the angles some- times slightly margined; twigs numerous, short, very slender, very densely cinereous- or sordid-pubescent with short rather spreading hairs; nodes not annulate; principal internodes 0.3-- 3.5 cm. long, mostly much abbreviated; leaf-scars conspicuously elevated, corky; leaves decussate-opposite, 3-foliolate, numerous; petioles filiform, --21 mm. long, very densely cinereous- or sordid-pubescent; petiolules filiform, 1--6 mm. long, densely cinereous-pubescent, or obsolete on the lateral leaflets; leaflet- blades thin-chartaceous or membranous, rather uniformly bright- green on both surfaces or somewhat lighter beneath, varying from broadly elliptic or obovate to subrotund, often somewhat asymmet- ric, subappressed-puberulent above, very densely tomentellous- pubescent beneath, not punctate, the central ones )\--21 mm. long, j--1) mm. wide, varying from acute to obtuse or rounded at the apex, entire, varying from subcuneate-acute to rounded at the base; midrib filiform, flat above, very slightly subprominulous beneath; secondaries filiform, 3--5 per side, flat or obscure a- bove, mostly obscured by the pubescence beneath, ascending, hard- ly arcuate; veinlet reticulation rather abundant, mostly indis- cernible above, mostly obscurebmeath; inflorescence terminating in the very short axillary twigs, in very small panicles 1-3 cn. long and 1--2 cm. wide, few-flowered, eqialing or shorter than the subtending leaves; peduncles filiform, 1-5 mm. long, densely short-pubescent with cinereous or sordid hairs, sometimes with a pair of very small 3-foliolate leaf-like bracts at the apex; ped- icels and inflorescence-branches filiform, densely sordid-pubes- cent, the former 0,.5--1.5 mm. long, the latter to ) mm. long; bractlets linear, to 2 mm. long, densely cinereous-pubescent; calyx campanulate, herbaceous, about 2 mm. long and wide, densely short-pubescent or puberulent and resinous-punctate, its rim shortly 5-dentate; corolla yellowish or the lobes brownish and the tube greenish-white, 2-lipped, puberulent and resinous-punct-— ate on the outside, the tube about 3 mm. long, the lower lip a- 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 75 bout 2 mm. long, wide-spreading,the upper lobes about 1 mm. long, rounded at the apex; stamens and pistil equaling the corolla- tube; fruiting-calyx incrassate, cupuliform, about 3.5 mm, long and wide, puberulent and somewhat resinous-punctate, the rim con- spicuously triangular-dentate, the teeth attenuate-acute at the apex; fruit drupaceous, elliptic, about 8 mm. long and 5 m., wide, glabrous, shiny, much wrinkled in drying. The type of this species was collected by André Seyrig (no. 250) among gneiss rocks, at an altitude of between 750 and 1000 meters, in the neighborhood of Ampandrandava, between Bekily and Tsivory, Madagascar, in October of 192, and iscposited in the herbarium of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle at Paris. The type specimen is in flower, while the Humbert collection, cited below, is in fruit. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Humbert 11)8 (P); A. Seyrig 250 [Herb. Jard. Bot. Tananarive 6095] (N--isotype, N--photo of type, P-- type, P--isotype, Z--photo of type). VITEX MILNEI Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1)2"]: 71 & 83. 1928. Synonymy: Vitex divaricata J. G. Baker in Thiselt.—-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 327. 1900 [not V. divaricata Sw., 1788, nor Griseb., 1912]. Vitex citrifolia Isert ex Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 1h1 ["1]2"]: 71, in syn. 1928. Literature: Sw., Prod. Veg. Ind. Occ. 93. 1788; J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 327. 1900; Mildbr. in Von Meck- lenb., Ergebn. Deutsch. Zentral-Afrik. Exped. 2: 190. 1910—1911; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1h2"]: 51, 71, 82, & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 50. 190; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 53. 1942; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 47, 8, & 103. 19h2; H. N. & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 72. 1948; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 112, 11), & 201. O19. A shrub or small tree; branchlets glabrous; leaves 5-foliolate; petioles about 5 cm. long; leaflets all distinctly petiolulate, their blades obovate-cuneate, entire, obtuse at the apex, the central one about 7.5 cm. long and 3.7 cm. wide; cymes axillary, long-pedunculate, with long divaricate main branches, the branch- es finely pubescent; calyx campanulate, about 1 mm. long, pubes- cent outside, its rim with very small teeth; corolla small, silky outside; fruit not known. The type of this species was collected by William Grant liilne on Fernando Po. Pieper cites in addition Warnecke 156a from Togo- land and an Isert specimen collected between 178) and 1786 and deposited in the Copenhagen herbarium, ‘ut without a record of the place of collection. It is the type of the cheironym V. cit- rifolia. The V. divaricata of Grisebach is V. divaricata var. cubensis Urb. In my 190 publication, cited above, I erroneously regarded V. divaricata Baker as a synonym of V. doniana Sweet. This error I corrected in my 192 publication on invalid names in this and related groups. 76 Pea eT Theta Vol. 5, no. 10 VITEX MOLLIS H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. Pl. 2: 245. 1818. Synonymy: Vitex lasiophylla Benth., Bot. Voy. Sulphur 155. 184). Vitex mollis Hook. & Arn. apud Benth., Bot. Voy. Sulphur 155, in syn. 18. Vitex mollis Kunth apud Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 691. 1847. Cormtia ternata Sessé & Moc., La Natural- eza, ser. 2, 1: app. 133. 1889. Vitex hawaiiensis H. J. Lam, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 59--60. 1921. Vitex lanata Sessé & Moc. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 51, in syn. 1940. Vitex tomentosa Pav. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 52, in syn. 190 [not V. tomentosa Rich., 191]. Vitex tomentosa Sessé & Moc. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List In- valid Names 52, in syn. 1940 [not V. tomentosa Rich., 191]. Vitex trifolia Sessé & Moc. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List In- valid Names 52, in syn. 190 [not V. trifolia L., 1781, nor Moon, 1895, nor Vahl, 191]. Vitex hians Née ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 23, in syn. 1947. Vitex pendula Née ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 29, in syn. 197. Vitex mollis (H.B.K.) Standl., in herb. Literature: H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. Pl. 2: 2:5. 1818; Hook. & Arn., Bot. Beech, Voy. 1: 305. 1838; Benth., Bot. Voy. Sulpmr 155. 18h; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 691. 1847; Seem., Bot. Voy. Herald 8: pl. 71. 1856; Sessé & Moc., La Naturaleza,ser. 2, 1: app. 133. 1889; H. J. Lam, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3 3: 59--60. 1921; H. J. Lam, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3,5: 175. 1922; D. Bois, Plant. Aliment. 2: 0. 1928; Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names 2, 3, 10, 12, 22, 23, 30, 31, & 33. 1939; Mol- denke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 1) & 0. 1939; Moldenke, Suppl. List Common Names 1). 190; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph, List Invalid Names 2, 51, & 52. 1942; A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 07. 1386; Gentry, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 527: 33, 37, 2, 5, 66, 223, 22h, & 306. 1942; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 19, 75, & 103. 192; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 22, 53, Su, & 55. 1942; F. Miranda, Anal. Inst. Biol. Mex. 13: 50. 19h,2; Moldenke, Phytologia 2: 120. 19h; Moreno Bello, Medic. Homeopat. Mex. 1: 1y--25. 1944; W. C. Leavenworth, Am. Midl. Nat. 36: 146, 147, & 187. 1946; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 11, 28, & 29. 1947; Neal, Pacific Sci. 1: 2hh. 19h7; Reko, Bull. Soc. Bot. Mex. 6: 2h. 1948; Moldenke, Knovm Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 3h, 165, & 201. 1949; He N.& A. Le Moldenke, Anal. Inst. Biol. Mex. 20: 15. 1949; Langman, Select. Guide Mex. Flow. Pl. 53 (mss.). 1950; Shreve & Wiggins, Carnegie Inst. Wash, Publ. 591: 89 & 9h. 1951. Illustration: Seem., Bot. Voy. Herald 8: pl. 71. 1856. Shrub or small spreading or-medium-sized tree, to 18 m,. tall; trunk often corpulent, to 1.2 m. in diameter, the bark brown; branchlets medium-slender, obtusely tetragonal or subterete, gray-brown or buff in color, short-pubescent or puberulent, be- coming subglabrate in age; twigs more slender, obtusely tetragon- al, densely villose-tomentose when young, becoming merely densely pubescent in age, the pubescence cinereous, albidous, or flaves- cent, sordid-gray or brownish in age; nodes obscurely or not at 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 77 all annulate; principal internodes 1—6 cm. long, mostly abbrevi- ated; leaves decussate-opposite, 1--3-foliolate, rarely 5-folio- late; petioles slender, 0.3--5 cm. long, convex beneath, flatten- ed and canaliculate above, densely villosulous-tomentose when young, becoming merely sparsely pubescent in age (the pubescence colored like that of the adjacent twigs), not noticeably ampliate at the base nor disciform at the apex; leaflets usually unequal in size, the 2 lateral ones (if present) much reduced, or occasi- onally subequal, all short—petiolulate on densely pubescent can- aliculate and margined petiolules 1--9 mm. long, the lateral pet- iolules usually much shorter or obsolete; leaflet-blades rather firmly chartaceous, rather uniformly dark-green or light-green on both surfaces, the central ones oblong, elliptic, or obovate, 2-- 14.5 cm. long, 1.3--5.3 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded at the apex, often emarginate, rarely subacute, entire (or rarely serrate a- bove the middle on shoots), obtuse or acute (sometimes cuneate) at the base, sometimes slightly inequilateral, densely velutinous villous or tomentulose on both surfaces but especially beneath before and during anthesis, becoming merely sparsely short—pubes- cent beneath and minutely puberulent or pulverulent above in age, the lateral ones similar in all respects but usually much reduced in size, the pubescence before and during anthesis sordid-yellow or flavescent, after anthesis cinereous or brownish; midrib slen- der, subimpressed above, prominulous beneath; secondaries slender, Boats pernside, ascending , usually slightly arcuate, flat or sub- impressed above, slightly prominulous beneath, rather indistinct- ly joined at the margins; vein and veinlet reticulation fine, of- ten sparse, usually obscure or indiscernible on both surfaces be- fore anc during anthesis, the larger portions subimpressed above on fully matured leaves and subprominulous beneath or distinctly prominulous throughout; inflorescence axillary, cymose, 1.5--6.5 om. long, 2--5 cm. wide, 1--3 times dichotomous, 3--13-flowered, the branches usually widely divaricate, densely villosulous-tomen- tose throughout with flavescent hairs before and during anthesis, more sparsely sordid-pubescent at time of fruiting; peduncles slender, 1--3.5 cm. long, flattened; pedicels obsolete or to 2 mn, long and slender, at time of fruiting to ) mm. long; bracts none; bractlets linear, 2--5 mm. long, densely tomentose or pub- escent; prophylla minute, linear, usually hidden in the dense pubescence; flowers fragrant, attractive to Diptera and Hymenop- tera; corolla varying from purple, faint—purple, or blue to lav- ender or white with a violet lip, usually the upper lip pale- lilac and the lower lip deeper lilac, streaked purple in the throat; fruit small, about the size of a filbert (Corylus avel- lana) eS cherry (prams avium), edible, with a pleasant acid taste, black when ripe. The type of this common species was collected by Ainé Jacques Alexandre Bonpland at Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico, and is de- posited in the herbarium of the Muséum 1 lat ional d' Histoire Natur- elle at Paris. The species has been described by collectors as inhabiting chaparral, canyons, short-tree forests, granitic hill- sides, the lower slopes of mountains, partly wooded hillslopes, 78 Pugty TO LO: GTA Yol, 5, nOpiae valley lands, arid slopes with low scattered trees, dry hills, lakesides, dry spots in low sandy matorral, roadsides, and arroy- os, and often to be found near water on creek or other stream banks, at altitudes of from 33 to 1665 meters. It has been col- lected in flower from December to June, and in fruit in March and from May to November. Gentry asserts that the fruit is eaten by natives, and this statement is repeated by Bois. liiss Mexia states that the bark is used as a remedy for fevers and that the wood is employed for firewood. She also states that the plant is used to make a medicine to combat diarrhoea in infants. Hinton reports that a decoction is made from it to treat stomach aches. Common names include "agualamo", “aguamalario", "“aguamalia", "agtfilate", "ahuilote", tatuto", "coyotamate", "coyotomate", "flor de tila", "huhuwali", "huhwwali', mate", "nanche de perro", "negro coyote", Nobalamo", "oovalama", "poroté", "tescalama", "torote", 'ualama", 'tualamo", ‘ubalamo", "uvalama", "uvatano", "uvulama", "‘valama", and "walamo". , Leavenworth & Hoogstraal state on one of their labels that the juice is milky and the fruit yellow when ripe, but this is prob- ably an error and probably applies to some palmately-leaved eu- phorbiaceous plant which they also collected. Hinton states that the flowers of his no. 338 were completely white. If so, this may be worthy of a color-form designation. Bark specimens may be seen on Mexia 1856 at Arnold Arboretum, Missouri Botanical Garden, University of Michigan, University of California at Los Angeles, and in the Britton Herbarium, on Mexia 5h0 at the Arnold krberes tum, Missouri Botanical Garden, University of Michigan, and the Britton and United States National herbaria, and on Palmer 668 in the United States National Herbarium. Palner 336 at Edinburgh has leaflets serrate at the apex. Pringle 599 in ! the University of Vermont herbarium has some of its leaves 1-foliolate, others 3—- foliolate with the 2 lateral leaflets very tiny. It is obviously taken from a watersprout. Matuda 28008 shows leaves that are very hairy, while in his 28005 they are almost glabrous. The species has been een confused with V. pyramidata B. L. Robin- son, V. vestita Wall., Casimiroa tetrameria Millsp., and Eugenia ite Liem Lam. Langlassé labeled it "Bignoniaceae",. The Sessé, Mocino, Castillo, & Maldonado 2187 at Chicago is mixed with no. 2187 bis, Vitex divaricata Sw. The M. E. Jones 23032 distributed as as Vitex: mollis is actually Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq. ) Nichols. in the Bignoniaceae. The Vitex tomentosa of Richard is V. rufes- cens A. L. Juss., while V. trifolia Vahl is V. triflora | Vahl and v. V. trifolia Moon is V. altissima L. f. The type of the genus Lagasca Née is Née 38. Cotypes of V. pendula are Née 39, 0, 9, and mur the type of V. hians is Née 1, of Ve tomentosa Pavon is Pavon s.n. from Peru, , of V. lanata fa Sessé & Moc. is Sessé, Mocino, Castillo, & valdonado 218, of V. tomentosa Sessé % Moc. is Ss these same collectors! no. 2183 2193, of V. . trifolia Sessé & Moc. is their no. 2187, and of Cornutia ternata is their no. 64. The type of Vou hawaiiensis is Curran 127, probably cultivated in the Foster 1957 Lioldenke, Monograph of Vitex 79 garden in Hawaii and deposited in the Herbarium Bogoriense at Buitenzorg. Gentry reports that this species is riparian in canyon bottoms in the short-tree forest and the low margin of oak forests, at altitudes of 800 to 3000 feet. He says that in the warm moist canyons it forms a spreading tree with heavy foliage. "It bears a small drupaceous fruit eaten by the natives. Burros are also fond of the fruits and will pick them off the ground, They ripen in late summer, and are jet black and bitter. Flowers early summer." In another place he says it is a tree of the canyons and foot- hills; the fruit eaten raw or mashed and mixed with sugar. He al- so says it is a characteristic tree of the mesas in pine forests. The fruit is said by Hartman to be eaten by the Tarahumares. Miranda records the species from Puebla, but I have not yet seen any specimens from that state. He says it is called "tcoyotomate" there. Mature leaflets of V. mollis resemble those of V. pyramidata B. L. Robinson, but in the latter species they always have those characteristics, even during anthesis, and are even more deeply impressed-reticulate above and prominent-reticu- late beneath, and the leaflets are mostly 5 in number. The dense villous pubescence of V. mollis during anthesis is never seen in V. pyramidata. The Rose s.n. specimen in the United States Natio- nal Herbarium, however, does show two 5-foliolate leaves. Serrate 1-foliolate and 3-foliolate leaves are seen on Orteza 676 at the Chicago Natural History iuseum. Hinton definitely states that the flowers are either white or else blue or pink, and that all types are called by the same vernacular name, The fruit is often sold in markets on the west Mexican coast at the close of the dry sea- son; it is slightly bitter but not unpleasant to the taste. Rose reports that the fruit is black or bluish-black, nearly spherical, 15--20 mm. in diameter, and that it is eaten raw. Collins & Kemp- ton say it is eaten raw or cooked, and that the leaves are used in the treatment of afflictions of the chest. The label on the Kew sheet of T. Coulter 5u5 says "perhaps from Sierra Alta" and that of no. 1168 says "Sa. Blas to Guada- laxare", so these collections may be from Nayarit or Jalisco. The label on Hartman 566 is inscribed both "Morelos" and "Chihua- hua", Ortega 73 may be from Nayarit or Sinaloa, as its label says "San Ignacio, El Limon", The same is true of his no. 12, inscrib- ed simply "San Blas", Langlassé 21 is said to be from "Potrero de Guayabo" — there is a Guayabo in each of the states of Chihua- hua, Michoac4n, Sinaloa, and Veracruz, but one of the labels of this collection says "Michoacan et Guerrero", so I am citing it as from Michoac4n. The Hahn collection from "San Martin" may be from Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoac4n, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potos{, Vera- cruz, or Zacatecas, as there is a locality by this name in each of these states, It is worthy of note here that pages 1 to 192 of H.B.K., Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl., vol. 2, were issued in the year 1817, while pages 193 to 06 were issued in 1813. 1,30 Pog se FeO EC OCG, ark Vol. 5, now Citations: MEXICO: Baja California: T. Coulter 545 (Ch, G, K); Edv. Palmer 3 (Bm, C, Cp, G, K, Os, Pa, Ut, Ut, W—55265). cldtinae hua: C. V. Hartman 103) (Ge—-31139, N); esac 1251 (Au, F— 911037); ddw. Palmer "U" (C, D, G, Io, K, Pa, Ut, W--582N5), s.n. [Aug.-Sept. 1885] (Me); Zingg re 2 (F--703137) « Colima: Barclay s. Se n. [Manzanilla Bay] (K, K); Kerber 305 (B); Edw. Palmer 66 (Cp, S, W--398835). Durango: Seemann Nosy (Bm, K, N). Guerrero: Beechey s. n. [Acapulco] (K); 0. MN. Clark 70 7070 (N), 7163 (N); G. F. Ferris Pe (Du--192719); Herb. Humboldt & Bonpland s.n. [Chilpancingo; Mac-_ pride photos 39198] (F--1033378--photo of type, Kr--photo of type, N--photo of type, P--type, Z--photo of type); Hinton 9970 (F-- 933033, K, N, N), 9971 (F—938037, K, Ld, Me, N), 1121 (N, N); Née 33 (9), 39 (a), LO (Q), 41 (Q), Lg (2), £0 (Q); Eel E. We wee 2276 (G, W—23309); Edw. Palmer 336 (A, C, E--116177, Ed, G, K, Mi, Ti, W--258766); B. P. Reko 5138 (F--685830) ; Rose, Painter, ie Rose 9,02 (N, W--52890). Jalisco: Eeweee 511 (Me); Srandeged 2 (Ca-- Te582h) ; Diquet s.n. (N, N); M. E. Jones 355 (F--689006, W—- 233007); Mexia 1856 (A, Bn, oes aa Cb, Cb, Du--195328, E— 957617, F--689773, 73, Ge—1560h, al) Maio Ne W--1317911) ; E. W. Nel- son 4132 (W--203176); Edw. Palmer 129, in: part. (C,. Coude Jes Ds G, Ky Ye, Os, P, Pa, Ut, Vu, W——-582h6, X); Pringle 5))99 (c, vt); Seem & peter 34.35 (B, B, Du--283965, G, Ge--ale869, W=-1205629). wéxi- co: Hinton [50 (x, yy), 3215 (K, ia), 338) ({K, N, N), 3752 (kya 570k (K, N); Matuda 23005 (Cb), 28008 (Z); Matuda & al. 30695 (Z), 30389 (Z). Michoac4n: Barick 61 (F-95521); Endlich 132 (B); Hahn s.n. [Cutzaro] (P); Langlassé AO ay: Co) cee Blo pay eee a ai) Leav- enworth & Hoogstraal 159t (Gg——310887, Ur), 1707 (N), 1726 (ioe Ur), 17 1766 (Ur); E. We “Nelson 69h (G, eee K. Reiche 161 (Mu). Morelos: Bilimek 80 (Bn, G, G, K, N, P, W—59257), 81 (Br, Sith Wee. (Big G,. Cok ty P, P); fahn sen. [Xochicala] (P); Hartman 566 (G); Ee Lyonnet 2170 (W—-17)3229) ; Moldenke & Molden- ke ke 19332 (Es, Lg, N); Pringle e 6993 (A, B, Bm, Br, Ca—139755, Cb, Cn, Cp, D, E--116172, Bd, £d, F—77026, G, Io—38765, It, Me, Me, Me, Mi, Mu--3821, N, P, Po—-6h,771, S; v, yu, W—35L199, 0, 7130 (E--116175, vt) 5. Rose, "painter, & ee 8577. (W--)52071). Nayarit: Earclay 1166 (Bm); souleeter undesignated s sen. [Tepic, March 1893] (F--35)71), W--1082138); Collins & Kempton 37, 37, (W--1168226); T. Coulter 1168 (K); R. J. Ferris 6010 ) (Du—195937) ; J. Gonzalez | Or- tega 12 (W—116515L), 6191 (G, W--1267120), 666 (Gg--2027h0, N, W--107007); li. E. Jones 22898 (Ca--l,00648, F--689269, G, I, N, Po--162379), 22908 (Po--162380); Lamb 558 (B, Du--9525, b—116176, G, N, W--275198, W--L54920, X); C. D. Mell 538 (N, W—103h3L5), s.n. [Estapa, April 13, 1930] (F--689286); Mexia 540 (A, Bm, Ca— W9oh, cb, E-9S7575, yen ore Ge--15589],, Ti, N, v--1317826) ; Reko Liis9 (W--1263963); J. N. Rose 1500 (G, W—300339), sen. [near Acaponeta, July 31, 1397] (--8L2981) 5 Rose, Standley, & - Russell 14306 (N, W=-637172) 3 Sheldon 57 (G). Oaxaca: Conzatti & Caninu 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 81 2485 (F-26986); Ghiesbreght s.n. [182] (P); Hahn 6) (P); Jur- gensen 52 (Cb, K); E. W. Nelson 2625 (F-60060), W—566318) , Sin- aloa: Gentry book, (N), 6143 (Ge); Goldman 272 (ca, I, W--335770), 360 (G, Gg—228595, W-360281); J J. Gonzalez Ortega 12 (Me, Me), 73 (Me, Me), 1hy (F—598099), 4613 (i—108L185), 6698 (F--689823, Gg--20279h, W—1070)0), 676) e® > 7416 (F--741h30); Ner- vaez Montes & Salazar Uy W--1035118); J. N. Rose s.n. [near Colomas, July 16, 1397] (W--866792); Rose, Standley, & Russell 13200 (N, W—6 36027), 13608 (W--63633), 13818 (N, W--636650). Sonora: T. S. Brandegee s.n. [May 13, 1892] (Du-—952)); Drouet & Richards 4002 (Du--274725, F F--1013772, N); Gallegos 555 (Me), 556 Me), 557 (W— (W--1205299), sen. [Mayo 1922] (Me, Me); Gentry 1\55 _ (ca—876787, E--1103225, F--809965, ge Ge, I, Me, S); Hartman 104 (G); Edw. Palmer 668 (W=-5824,3); J obese Rose 1268 (G, W-— 30087); Rose, Standley, & Russell 1219 (W—635225), 12711 (c, N, | W--6 35522); chica 6089, in part (Fs); Wiggins 6297 (Du--25229h)), 6298 (Du--252295), 7365 (Du--26301), Fs, Mi); Wiggins & Rollins 452 (Du--295786, Ld, Wy. Veracruz: Galeottd 795k (B, Br, Br, Er, G, N, V, W--572882, xX, X); Hahn s.n. [San Martin, } avril 1365] CE) Bence Peidst Send vicd: Haenke 1591 (N); Herb. Pavon s.n. [Nueva Espafia] (X); Edw. Palmer s.n. [Muleji, 1887] (Vu); Sessé, Nocifio, Castillo, & Maldonado él (F= (F--8)57)1, N--photo, Q, Z——photo), 2183 (F-87076, ane 218) (F--8)7139, Q), 2187 (F—8&,700), F-— 8h713h, Q). CULTIVATED: Hawaiian Islands: Curran 127 (Bz——2h1h)); Kelly 101 (Gg--31502). Peru: Pavon s.n. (Cb, E——photo, N--photo, Py P, Z——photo). MOUNTED ILLUSTRATIONS: Sessé & Mocino plate of Cormitia ternata [Macbride photos 30832] (F--929250--photo, N-— photo, Z--photo). VITEX MOMBASSAE Vatke, Linnaea 3: 533. 1882. Synonymy: Vitex flavescens Rolfe, Bolet. Soc. Brot. 11: 87. isd 1893. Vitex mechowii Gtirke in ioe Bot. Jahrb. 18: 167. Dec. 1893. Vitex shirensis J. G. Baker in Thiselt.—Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 326, in part. 1900. Vitex goetzei Gtirke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 28: 6h. 1900. Vitex mufutu DeiJild. in Fedde, Repert. 13: 12. 191). Literature: Vatke, Linnaea 3: 533. 1882; Rolfe, Bolet. Soc. Brot. 11: 87. May 1893; Gttrke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 18: 167. Dec. 1893; Gtirke in Engl., Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C: 339. 1895; J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 321, 326, & 521. 1900; Gtrke in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 28: h6l. 1900; Hiern, Gat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1 (): 83h. 1900; Henriques, Bolet. Soc. Brot. 16: 69. 1900; DeWild., Etud. Fl. Katanga 121. 1903; Gtirke in Baw, Kunene-Sambesi Exped. 350. 1903; Durand, Syllog. Fl. Congol..37. 1909; Rees Fries, Ergebn. Schwed. Rhodesia—Kongo-Exped. l: 273. 1911-19125 DeWild. in Fedde, Repert. 13: 142. 191; DeWild., Contrib. Btud. Fl. Katanga 67. 1921; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 1)1 ["1h2"]: 50, 66-68, & 82-—8), pl. 11. 1928; DeWild., Contrib. E- 482 Peo @ LO Gees Vol. 5, NOs ae tud. Fl. Katanga Suppl. 2: 105. 1929; wWorsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500. 1941; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Raes 53--55. 192; Yoldenke, Roctea Geogr. Siietrtiie Verbenac., [ed. 1], 49--51 & 103. 192; H. Ne & A. L. Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 61 & 72. "19,3; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 115, 117--120, & 201. 1919; Wild, South. Rhodes. Bot. Dict. 137. 19),. Tliustration: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1h2"]: pl. 11. 1928. A shrub about 1m. tall or a small tree to 4m, tall; timber medium-soft, grayish; branchlets densely pubescent; eee 3--5- foliclate; petioles green, rounded, 2 CAG cm. long, densely pubescent; leaflets sessile; leaflet-blades coriaceous, green and thinly pubescent or glabrous above when mature, always. densely pubescent throughout beneath, typically ovate or elliptic to somewhat obovate or elliptic-oboval, rounded or obtuse and emarg- inate at the apex, rarely short-acuminate or short-cuspidate, symmetrically cuneate at the base, entire, ciliate, the central ones 5—10 cm. long and 2.5-——5 cm. wide; venation impressed above, the secondaries arising at an angle of about 70° with the midrib; inflorescence axillary, varying from cymose to corymbose or tio soid, short- or long-pedunculate, the cymes few-flowered but dense, their branches densely pubescent; bractlets oblong, minute; calyx’ actinomorphic, campanulate, 2--6 mm. long, densely pubes- cent, its rim distinctly dentate, the teeth ovate or deltoid, 1 5 --3 in long, acute; corolla pale-violet or yellowish, twice. or more than twice as long as the calyx, very hairy outside, its lobes small, orbicular; stamens much longer than the corolla- lobes; ovary very hairy; fruiting-calyx 2 cm. in diameter; fruit 2--3 cm. wide, about the size of a small plum (Prunus domestica), blue, edible. The species inhabits light woods, lightly forested hills, and ant hills, from 200 to 1500 meters altitude, and has been collect- ed in anthesis in May and from September to November. Common names for it are "mchonge" (meaning "blue flower"), "mubonya", "mufutu", "mutalali", "samba", ‘umchunkule", "umtshonge", and "yenduca", It has been confused by herbarium workers with V. isotjensis Gibbs and with Rhus sp. According to Pieper V. isot- jensis has a subglabrate ovary and a 2=lipped calyx, while V._ Vv. mombassae has a very hairy ovary and an actinomorphic calyx. -. The Baum 298 cited by Gtirke in the 1903 reference given above is ac- tually V. angolensis Gtirke. Meeuse, in a letter to me dated De- cember Cais 1953, states that in his opinion V. mombassae is con- specific with ve harveyana H. H. W. Pearson. | The type of V V. flavescens is Welwitsch 5731 from Pungo Andongo, Angola. Vitex shirensis is based on Kirk 3 from Impembe Hill, alt. 3000 . feet, Nyasaland, Buchanan 20 fr from the Shire Highlands, Whyte s.n. ree Zomba and vicinity, altitude 2500--3500 feet, and Buchanan s.n. from somewhere in Nyasaland. Pieper regards some of these collections as V. payos (Lour.) Merr. and therefore gives the binomial V. shirensis in the synonymy of both Vv. mombassae and V. payos Win part", 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 483 Rolfe's name for this species was published in May of 1893 and Ctirke's name in December of 1893 [not "189" as usually cited], according to a note by Rolfe on a sheet of Clerodendrum tripli- nerve in the Kew herbarium and a note by N. E. Brown on a sheet identified as Vitex flavescens in the same herbarium. DeWildeman cites Delevoy 255 and 438 and Hombl1é 122) from the Belgian Congo. Baker cites Holst 2196 as from Bomb Bombuera, Usambara, while Pieper cites the same collection as from Gombolo, Pieper also cites the following additional collections: from Tanganyika Territory: Busse 278) and 313, Conrads 105 and 109, Fischer 232 and 475, Goetze 35 and 56, Holtz 1103 and 1561, “Johnston s- Stes) Merker_ 311, Sto Stolz - iat) “Stuhimann They 779, and 7008, Trotha ha 16 and 12 MED, aadt Unis Uhlig V.1 V.13; from Kenya: a: Hildeorandt d7 1972; ~ from | Nyas- aland: Buchanan 231; from Portuguese East Africa: Braga 15) and Carvalho s.n.; from Belgian Congo: Hock s.n. and pemaseeA SNe; from Angola: Gossweiler 1052, 1053, ~ 1063, an and 106k, Marques and 8, Mechow 27, and Welwitsch 697 and 5731; and fr Fe a Honthe Harthern Rhodesia: Fries 832 and Kassner 2120. Pieper makes the following comments: "Das seit Aufstellung der Arten V. Mombassae, V. Goetzei und V. Mechowii (flavescens) stark vermehrte Material 1¥szt erkennen, dass die Zahl und Form der Bl&ttchen zur Artunterscheidung nicht benutzt werden kann. In der Qualitadt der Behaarung bestehen allerdings Unterschiede zwischen den hier zu Mombassae zusammengefassten Exemplaren, doch ldsst sich infolge der zahlreichen Abstufung dieses Merkmal systematisch nicht verwerten, V. Mufutu wurde offenbar ohne Beachtung der vor- liegenden Art aufgestellt; als nichste Verwandte werden ntmlich V. Schweinfurthii Baker and V. zambesiaca Baker angegeben. Vv. Mufutu stimmt indes mit dem Typus zu V. Mechowii vollkommen tfber- ein und bildet somit auch pflanzengeographisch eine EBrttcke zwis- chen den bisher als V. Mombassae und V. hiechowii bezeichneten Arten." He says that the distinguishing characters of the typical form of V. mombassae are (1) the calyx-teeth 1.5--3 mm. long, (2) the fruit | 2--3 cm. in diameter, blue, (3) the leaflets ovate, el- liptic, or subobovate, rounded. or obtuse at the apex, seldom short-cuspidate, and (4) the venation impressed above. Citations: BELGIAN CONGO: Quarré 4660 (N). TANGANYIKA TERRI- TORY: Conradt 109 (Bz--2)259) ; Carnochan 69 (S); Schlieben 1477 (8), 5353 53 (S); Tanner lh? (S). ANGOLA: Loanda: Marques ] [Herb. Hort. Thenensis III.257] (Br). SOUTHERN RHODESIA: C. E. F. Allen 31h (Rh); Brain 663 (N); Edmonds 25/47 (Rh--21393); Govt. Herb. Salisbury 38], (Rh); Hopkins s.n. (Rh--3267); A. A. Pardy sen. | (Rh—L732); H. Wild 2 2756 [Govt. Herb. Salisbury 22605] (N, N). BRITISH NYASALAND PROTECTORATE: Stolz 1737 (S). PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA: Lourengo Marques: Junod 11 (Z); F. R. R. Schlechter 11315 (Af, N--photo, Z—photo). Hozambique: Gomesetanso 3535 (S). VITEX MOMBASSAE var. ACUMINATA Pieper in Ingl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 [12]: 68, 1928. 43h Phot TO: hi O Ger k Vol. 5, nog Literature: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["142"); 68 & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Knowm Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 50 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 113 & 202. 199. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its older leaflets with longer cusps or acuminations at the apex. The variety is based on Battiscombe 2 from Kenya, and is known only from the type collection. VITEX MOMBASSAE var. ERYTHROCARPA (Gtirke) Pieper in Ingl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["12"]: 68. 1928. Synonymy: Vitex erythrocarpa G rke ex Pieper in Engl., Bot. | Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["12"]: 68, in syn. 1928 [not V. erythro- carpa Salam., 1937]. ae Literature: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["12"} 62, 82, &% 83. 1928; Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 232. 1937; Moldenke, Prelim. Alvh. List Invalid Names 50. 190; Moldenke, Aloh. List Invalid Names 53. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., fed. 1], 51 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 119 & 202. 19h9. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having often up to 6 teeth on the calyx-rim and the fruit being 1.5 cm. in diameter and red in color. The variety is based on Seiner 115 from Livingston, Northern Rhodesia, and is known only from the type collection. Vitex ery- throcarva Salzm. is a synonym of Aecsiphila lhotzkiana Ghat... VITEX MOMBASSAE var. PARVIFLORA (Gibbs) Pieper in ingl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1y2"]: 68.:1928. Synonymy: Vitex flavescens var. parviflora Gibbs, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 37: 463. 1906. Vitex mechowii var. parviflora Gibbs, Journ, Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 37: 575. 1906. Vitex mombassae var. parvifl ora Gibbs ex Pieper in ingl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["h2"]: 68 & 81. 1928. Literature: Gibbs, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 37: 463 & 575. 1906; Ryles, Trans. Royal Soc. South Afr. 5: 459. 1916; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1j2"]: 68 & 83. 1928; Molden- ke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 51 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 120 & 202. 199; H. Wild, Vict. Falls Handb. 158. 1953. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in its smaller flowers and milk-white corollas. The variety is based on a collection from Victoria Falls in Southern Rhodesia and is known only from the original collection, Gibbs 135, collected in September. VITEX MONROVIANA Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 [("12"]: hh, 53, & 83. 1928; Fedde, Revert. 26: 163. 1929. Literature: Pieper in Hngl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 1)1 ["1)2"): 4h, 58, & 83. 1928; Pieper in Fedde, Repert. 26: 163. 1929; Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 8: 29. 1933; Molde:ke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 46 & 103 (1942) and [ed. 2], 112 & 202. 19h9. Medium-sized tree, the young parts all ferruginous-villous; 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 85 leaves 5-foliolate; petioles 6--11 cm. long; leaflet-blades sess- ile, obovate-lanceolate, 8--15 cm. long, 3--5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, many-nerved, hirsute above, ferruginous-villous beneath; inflorescence axillary; peduncles about 10 cm. long; cymes loosely few-flowered, few-branched, with long internodes; bracts large and foliaceous, to 1.5 cm. long; bractlets small, linear, to 5 mm. long; calyx conspicuously pil- ose, sparsely glandulose, its rim distinctly dentate; corolla not seen. The type of this species was collected by Max Julius Dinklage (no. 219) at White Plains, Monrovia, Liberia. The species is known only from the original collection and is placed by Pieper in his Subgroup Rubiginosae of Group Eutriches. VITEX 5 Gttrke in Engl., Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C: 30. 1895. Literature: Gtirke in Engl., Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C: 30. 1395; J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 329. 1900; Sim, For. Fl. & Res. Port. East Afr. 94. 1909; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["1)2"]: hh, 57, & 83. 1928; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed..1], 51 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 120 & 202. 199. A shrub or tree to 10 m. tall; leaves long-petiolate, 5-folio- late; leaflets short-petiolulate, the blades membranous, ovate, 3.3--6.5 cm. long, acuminate at the apex, entire, rounded at the base, glabrous above, barbellate in the axils of the veins be- neath; cymes long-pedunculate, axillary, lax; calyx tubular- campanulate, pubescent upwards, its rim minutely toothed; corolla tube short, steel-blue, the upper lip bearded. The species is based on an unnumbered collection made by Rodriguez de Carvalho in Mozambique, Portuguese East Africa. The species has been collected by Schlieben at an altitude of 280 meters in bush-woods, blooming in December. Citations: TANGANYIKA TERRITORY: Schlieben 5792 (N, N--photo, S, Z--photo). VITEX MOSSAMBICENSIS var. OLIGANTHA (J. G. Baker) Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["l2"]: 57. 1928. Synonymy: Vitex oligantha J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 327. 1900. Literature: J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 327. 1900; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ["1)2"];: 57, 83, & 8h. 1928; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 5h. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 50 & 103 (1942) and [ed. 2], 117 & 202. 199. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having the pubescence on the lower leaf-surfaces more sparse. Baker described this plant as a shrub, the branchlets slender, pale, glabrous; leaves 5-foliolate; petioles slender, h--5 cm. long, glabrous; leaflets all distinctly petiolulate, the blades membranous, green on both surfaces, glabrous above, oblong, acute at the apex, entire, the central ones 5--7.5 cm. long; cymes ax- 4,86 PUB YT 0:1 O.GBe Vol. 5, no. 10 jllary, pedunculate, very lax, few-floqwered, the branches very slender, glabrous; calyx campanulate, about 2mm. long, glabrous, its rim * short-toothed, the teeth broad; corolla-tube twice as long as the calyx, its limb nearly as Nstie as the tube; fruit not known, The variety is based on Kirk 108 and s.n. from Quiloa (Kilwa) on the coast of Tanganyika Territory, and is known only from the original collections. Pieper points out that Baker's statement to the effect that the leaves are glabrous beneath is not true. The leaves are barbellate beneath, but the hairs are sparser and therefore the tufts do not stand out as prominently as they do in the typical form of the species. The character is not of suf- ficient importance to merit specific rank for the plant. VITEX NEGUNDO L., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 638. 1753. Synonymy: Negundo foemina, acostae Delechamps, Hist. Gen. Pl. 1367. 1586. Negundo mas, Acostae Delechamps, Hist. Gen. Pl. 1866. 1586. Negundo masle de Acosta Orta, Hist. Drogues, ed. 2, 115. 1619. Negundo femelle de Acosta Orta, Hist. Drogues, ed. 2, 116. 1619. Negundo arbor mas et foemina J. Bauhin, Hist. Pl. Univers. 2: 189. 1651. Bem-nosi Rheede, Hort. Ind. Malab. 2: 15, pl. 12. 1679. Negundo foemina Acosta ex Rheede, Hort. Ind. Malab. 2: 15. 1579. Vitex orientalis angustis foliis, semper tripartito divis- is Plukenet, Alm. Bot. 390. 1696. Vitex trifolia minor indica — serrata Breyn. ex Plukenet, Alm. Bot. ot. 390. 1696. Lagondium litt- oreum Rumph., Herb. bain his 50, ply 18 & 19 743. Negundo arbor mas Bauh, ex L., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 638, in syn. 1753. Vivex trifolia minor indica serrata Pluk. ex L., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, ee in syn. 1753. Bemnosi Rheede ex L., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 638, syn. 1753. Vitex paniculata Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2: eo. 1738. Vitex trifolia foliolis obtuse crenatis Lam., sncycl. véth, Bot. 2: 613. 1788. Vitex spicata Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 2: 390--391. 1790. Vitex gracilis Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Hort. Al- lert. 107. 1796. Vitex arborea Fischer ex Desf., Cat. Hort. Paris, ed. 3, 391. , 1329. Vitex negunda Willd. ex Roxb., Fl. Ind, ed. Carey, 3: 70. 1832 [not V. negunda Mill., 1763]. Vitex negondo L. apud Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 258, sphalm. 1837. Vitex leucoxilon Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. l, S16. 1837 [not V. leucox- ylon L. f., 1781]. Vitex arborea Desf. ex Schau. in i. eee Prodr, 11: 635, in syn. Syn. 1347. Agnus castus negundo Carr., Rev. Hort. 1370: hié. 1371. Agnus castus robusta paniculata Carr., Rev. Hort. 1374: 499. 13874. Vitex agnus-castus var. negundo (L.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 5] 10--511. 1091. Vitex leucoxylon Blanco apud Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 121), in syn. 1895 [not Ve Leucoxylon L. f., 1731]. Vitex leucoxylon Naves apud H. Hallie; Yeded. rijksherb. Leid. 37: 4, in syn. 1913 [not V. leucoxylon L. f., 1731]. Vitex negundo Willd. ex Gandoger, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 6. 1913. "Vitex - quinata Schumacher ex Noldenke, Pre- lim. Alph. List Invalid ilames 52, in syn. 1940 [not V. quinata 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 87 (Lour.) Fs N.: Will., 1905). Literature: Delechamps, Hist. Gen. Pl. 1366--1867. 1586; Orta, Hist. Drogues, ed. 2, 115--116. 1619; J. Bauhin, Hist. Pl. Uni- vers. 2: 189. 1651; Rheede, Hort. Ind. Malab. 2: 15; pl. 12. 1679; Ray, Hist. Pl. 3: 1575. 1688; Plukenet, Alm. Bot. 390. 1696; Plukenet, Alm. Bot. Phyt. 5: pl. 321, fig. 2. 1700; Rumph,, Herb, Amboin. : 50, pl. 18 & 19. 1743; L., Fl. Zeyl. 19h--195 [genus 14]. 17473 L., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 2: 638. 17533 L., Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 890. 1763; Houttuyn, Hand. Pl. & Kruidk. 5: pl. 27, fig. 1. 1776; Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2: 612--613. 1788; Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 2: 390--391. 1790; Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Hort. Allert. 107. 1796; Curtis, Bot. Mag. 11: pl. 36h. 1797; A. Rich. in Marthe, Cat. Pl. Jard. NMéd. Paris 67. 1801; McDonald, Pract. Gard. 2: pl. 60. 1807; S. Edwards, New Bot. Gard. 2: pl. 60. 1812; W. Ainslie, Mat. Med. Hind. 95. 1813; Roxb., Fl. Ind., ed. i 481. 1820; W. Ainslie, Mat. Med. Ind. 2: 252. 1826; Desf., Cat. Hort. Paris., ed. 3, 391. 1829; Cham., Linnaea 7: 00. 1832; Roxb., Fl. Ind., ed. Carey, 3: 70. 1832; Hook., Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 349. 1836; Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 1, 516. 1837; Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 258. 1337; J. Taylor, Sketch Topog. & Stat. Dacca 55. 180; Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Or. 2: pl. 519. 183; Spanoghe, Linnaea 15: 329. 181; O'Shaughnessy, Beng. Dispens. 85. 181; Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 2, 359--360. 185; Zoll. & Moritzi, Syst. Verz. 53. 1385--13)6; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 638)—— 685. 1847; Irvine, Short Acct. Mat. Med. Patna 77. 1843; Lindl., Med. & Oeconom, Bot. 223. 1849; Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 860. 1858; Drury, Useful Pl. Ind. ho. 1858; W. Elliot, Fl. Andrh. R20. 1859s Ifiq., Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 1: 242, 1860; Dalas& Gibs., Bombay Fl. 201. 1861; Carr., Rev. Hort. 2: 16. 1871; Carr., Rev. Hort. 1874: 499. 187); Brandis, For. Fl. WW. & Cent. India 3: 369. 187); Gribble, Cuddapah Dist. Man. 65. 1875; Kurz, For. Fl. Brit. Burma 2: 269. 1877; Gazetteer Bombay 6: 15. 1877; J. G. Baker, Fl. Maurit. & Seychelles 256. 1877; Dutt, Mat. Med. Hind. 216, 311, & 318. 1877; Blanco, Fl. Filip, ed. 3, 2: 300, pl. 223. 1878; [Dera Ismail Khan], Dist. Gazet- teer 19. 1878; Gazdteer Bombay 7: 2. 1878; [Kohat] Dist. Gaz- etteer 30. 1879; Rajputana Gazetteer 26. 1879--1830; Gamble, Man. Ind. Timb. 297. 1831; Vatke, Linnaea 3: 533. 1882; Rep. For. Admin, Chutia Nagpur 33. 1835; Dymock, Veg. Mat. Med. West. Ind., ed. 2, 600. 1885; Hemsl., Rep. Scient. Res. Voy. Challenger Bot. 1: 110 & 177. 1885; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. ): 583--58). 1885; Gazetteer Bombay 15: 78, 13386; J. C. Lisboa, Useful Pl. Bombay 109. 1886; Maxim., Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Pét. 31: 82. 1886; Gazetteer Bombay 17: 25. 1888; Forbes 4: Hemsl., Fl. Sin. 2: 258. 1890; Douie, [Karnal] Dist. Gazetteer 16. 1890; Kuntze, Rev. Gen. P1.2: 510-511. 1891; Gazetteer Karnal Dist. 16. 1892; GC. Watt, Dict. Econom. Prod. Ind. 6 (4): 248. 1893; Gurke in Ingl., Pflanzenw. Ost- Afr. C: 339. 1895; Bull. Coll. Agric. Tokyo 2: pl. lh, fig. 17. 1895; Lorimer, [Peshawar] Dist. Gazetteer 27: 13897--1898; J. L. Stewart, Punjab Pl. 166--167. 1899; Koord. & Val., Bij- Gr. Booms. Java 7: 201. 1900; J. G. Baker in Thiselt.-Dyer, Fl. 4,88 Peney- 20 BuO Goi Vol. 5, nop um Trop. Afr. 5: 318--319. 1900; F. N. Williams, Bull. Herb. Boiss., sér. 2, 5: 31. 1905; DeWild., Ic. Sel. Hort. Then. 5: pl. 199. 1906; King & Gamble, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 7: 83. 1909; Sim, For. Fl. & Res. Port, East Afr. 9h. 1909; Wehmer, Die Pflanzen- st., ed. 1, 647. 1911; Miyabe, Festschrift pl. 26, fig. 25.1911; Matsum., Ind. 2 (2): 53h. 1912; E. H. Wilson, Arn. Arb. Exped. China 1910-11, pl. 0202. 1912; Koord., Exkursionsfl. Java 3: 136, 1912; E. D. Kerr., Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 9: 136s9ume Koord. & Val., Atlas Baumarten Java 2: 6, pl. 293. 191); E. D. Merr., Interpret. Rumph. Herb. Amboin. 53. 1917; Lévl., Cat. Pl. Yunnan 278. 1917; Heyne, Nutt. Plant. Nederl. Ind., ed. l, h: 11). 1917; Basu, Ind. Ned. Pl. 3: 3, pl. 70a. 1918; H. Hal- lier, Meded. Rijksherb. Leid. 37: 3h. 1918; E. D. Merr., Sp. Blanc. 332. 1918; H. J. Lam, Verbenac. Kalay. Arch. 18), 189-- 19h, & 370. 1919; Bose, Man. Ind. Bot. 131. 1920; Bakh. & Lam, Bull. Jard..Bot. Buitenz., sér.,3, 4. (2): 285. 1922: EB. Doimeram Enum. Philip. Flow. Pl. 3: 39h. 1923; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, 632 & 849. 192); Olmstead, Coville, & Kelsey, Stand. Pl. Names, ed. 1, 525. 192; Heyne, Nutt. Plant. Nederl. Ind., ed. 2, 1317. 1925; Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. U1 [m1)2"]: 1, 53, 77--78, & 83. 1928; Wehmer, Die Pflanzenst., ed. 2, 1023. 1931; Vrevost & Pételot, Bull. Econom. Indo-chine 37: 1292--1293. 193h; L. He & E. Z. Bailey, Hortus, rev. ed., 639. 1935; H. C. Sampson, Bull. Misc. Inf. Kew, addit. ser., 12: 175. 1936; Arthur & Cummins, Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 61: h79. 1936; Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names 8, 12, 13, 20, 23, 2h,& 30. 1939; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 11, 27, & 0. 1939; Moldenke, Suppl. List Common Names 1--l, 7, 9, 11--17, & 19--2h. 19,0; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 6, 29, 33, & 50--52. 1940; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, 805 & 99h. 190; Biswas, Indian Forest. Rec. Bot., new ser., 3: 42. 1941; Van Melle, Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 37 & 3. 192; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], 29, 39, 50, 51, 53, 55--59, 61, 63, 65, 75, & 103. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Inval- id Names 6, 27, 33, & 52-55. 192; Wisler, Swarthmore Pl. Notes 1: 217. 19h2-~191,3; H. F. Maclillen, Trop. Plant. & Gard., ed. 5, 366. 1943; Van Melle, Shrubs & Trees Small Place 54, 55, & 177. 1943; Moldenke, Phytologia .: 120—121. 194; E. D. Merr., Pl. Life Pacific World 227, 228, 27h, & 282. 1945; Darlington & Janaki Ammal, Chromosome Atlas 271. 1945; E. D. Merr., Chron. Bot. 10: 311. 1946; A. P. Benthall, Trees Calcutta 355-—356. 196; Razi, Journ. Mysore Univ. 7 (4): 64. 1946; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 29. 1947; P'tei, Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 1: h--5. 19147; Gorrie, Geogr. Review 38: 36, fig. 18. 198; Yaunsell van Rensselaer, Trees Santa Barbara, rev. ed., 15). 1948; Hara, Enum. Sperm. Jap. 1: 190. 1948; Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees & Shrubs 58)--585. 199; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 10, 55, 95, 117, 121, 123, 125, 128, 130, 132--135.137, 110” 1h2, 1h6, 168, & 202. 19k9; HON. & Aw L. Yoldenke, Anal. Inst. Biol. Mex. 20: 15. 199; McEacharn, List Seeds Villa Taranta Gard. 8: 30. 1950; Razi, Journ. Mysore Univ. 11 (2): 54. 1950; Gundersen, Fam. Dicot. 202. 1950; Venninger, 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 89 Winter 1950 Seed List n.p. 1950; N. Pal, Journ. Indian Bot. Soc. 30: 59--7). 1951; N. Y. Bot. Gard. Exchange List 1952: . 1951; Razi, Poona Univ. Journ. 1 (2): 47. 1952; Razi & Govindu, Journ. Mysore Univ. 12 (9): 10). 1952; A. C. Joshi, Biol. Abstr. 26: 2293. 1952; Biol. Abstr. 26: 3851. 1952; Santapau, Anal. Bot. Cavanilles 11: 30. 1952; Santapau, Pl. Saurashtra 31. 1953; de Laszlo & Henshaw, Science 119: 630. 1954; Santapau, Journ. Guj- erat Research Soc. 17: 39. 1955. Illustrations: Delechamps, Hist. Gen. Pl. 1866. 1586; Orta, Hist. Drogues, ed. 2, 115. 1619. Rheede, Hort. Ind. Malab. 2: pl. 12. 1679; Plukenet, Alm. Bot. Phyt. 5: pl. 321, fig. 2.1700; Rumph., Herb. Amboin. hs pl. 13 & 19. 1743; Houttuyn, Handb. Pl. & Kruidk. 5: pl. 27, fig. 1 (colored). 1776; McDonald, Dict. Pract. Gard. 2: pl. 60 (colored). 1807; S. Edwards, New Bot. Gard. 2: pl. 60 (colored). 1812; Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. 2: pl. 519. 18)0--1843; Blanco, Fl. Filip. pl. 228 (colored). 1878; Bull. Coll. Agric. Tokyo 2: pl. lh, fig. 17. 1895; DeWild., Ic. Sel. Hort. Then. 5: pl. 199. 1906; Miyabe, Festschrift pl. 26, fig. 25. 1911; E. H. Wilson, Arn. Arb. Exped. China 1910-11, pl. 0202. 1912; Koord. & Val., Atlas Baumarten Java pl. 293. 191); Basu, Ind, Med. Pl. 3: pl. 70a. 1918; Bose, Man. Ind. Bot. 131. 1920; A. P. Benthall, Trees Calcutta 355. 1946; Gorrie, Geogr. Review 38: 36, fig. 18. 198; Gundersen, Fam. Dicot. 202. 1950. Shrub or tree, to 8 m. tall; wood grayish-white, hard, weigh- ing 42 pounds per cubic foot; branchlets and twigs slender, brownish or buff, rather acutely tetragonal, medullose, not len- ticellate, rather densely short-pubescent or puberulent; nodes annulate; principal internodes 1.5--8.5 cm. long; leaves decus- sate-opposite, 3--5-foliolate (rarely 1-foliolate); petioles slender, ).5--6 cm. long, convex beneath, flattened and canalic- ulate above, rather densely short-pubescent or puberulent, slightly ampliate at the base, not noticeably disciform at the apex; leaflets subequal in size or the two lowermost somewhat smaller, all conspicuously petiolulate with petiolules 2--15 m, long, margined, densely short-pubescent or puberulent like the petioles; leaf-blades thin-membranous or subchartaceous, dark- green above (often nigrescent in drying), much lighter or sordid gray beneath, the central ones oblong, elliptic, or lanceolate, 6--11 cm. long, 1.5--l1.1 cm. wide, acutely attenuate or subacum- inate at the apex, entire or with a very few scattered and ir regular teeth above the middle, acute or short-acuminate at the base, minutely puberulous or glabrous above, densely appressed- puberulous beneath (occasionally very sparsely and obscurely so on the lower lamina in old leaves), the lateral ones similar in all respects but usually smaller; midrib very slender, flat or subimpressed above, prominent beneath; secondaries very slender, 8--15 per side, arcuate-ascending, flat or subprominulent above, prominulous beneath, not plainly joined at the margins; vein and veinlet reticulation rather sparse and delicate, usually obscure or indiscernible on both surfaces, rarely plain beneath on older glabrescent leaves; inflorescence terminal, paniculate, simple or widely branched and thyrsoid, 17--li\2 cm. wide, each 90 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 5, no. 10 panicle (or branch) composed of numerous pairs of opposite dis- tinctly stipitate cymes, the cymes mostly conspicuously brachiate with ascending and spreading very slender branches, few- or many-flowered, canescent or sordid throughout; bracts often 1 pair subtending each pair of lateral panicles in the terminal thyrse, simple and entire or 3-lobed or 3-foliolate with one large central and 2 much reduced lateral leaflets, stipitate, to 3 cm. long, often absent; bractlets linear, numerous, 2—-8 mm. long; prophylla minute, linear or setaceous, 1 mm. long or less, canescent; peduncle (l}.5--7 cm. long) and rachis slender, acute- ly tetragonal or flattened, brown, densely short—pubescent or puberulent with canescent or sordid hairs, the sympodia often e- longate (especially the basal ones); pedicels obsolete or to 1 mm. long and densely canescent-puberulent; flowers fragrant; calyx obconic-cyathiform, 1.5--2 mm. long and wide, densely canescent—puberulent, 5-nerved, its rim sinuate or very shortly S-dentate with patulous acute teeth, occasionally subcuspidate, the upper ones ovate, the lower ones lanceolate; corolla vary- ing from blue, purplish-blue, or purple to purplish-white, pink, lilac, lavender, blue-purple, or whitish-blue, hypocrateriform, the tube infundibular, 3--l; mm. long, pulverulent-puberulent on the outer surface, the lower lobe obovate, undulate-margined, sublanuginous at the base inside, the remaining lobes shorter, subequal, obtuse; stamens and pistil shortly exserted, the pis- til longer than the stamens, about 5 mm. long; fruiting-calyx campanulate, about 3 mm. long, )--5 mm. wide, densely pubtru- lent, its rim shallowly sinuate-5-dentate; fruit subglobose, a- bout 4 mm. long and wide, glabrous, purple when fresh, finally nigrescent. The type of this widespread species is sheet number 8 under gemus 811 [790] in the Linnean Herbarium at London and is in- scribed "Negundo" in Linnaeus! own handwriting. The inflores- cence is paniculate, its branches very slender. The leaflets, however, are distinctly toothed, much as in what is now passing as V. negundco var. intermedia (Ptei) Moldenke. Many of the earliest illustrations of this species also show definitely toothed leaflets, so it is possible that th2 binomial actually belongs to the more dentate-leafleted form. The species is widely cultivated in Europe, Asia, North Amer ica, and the West Indies, and has escaped from cultivation in Florida and Martinique. It is native from Zanzibar, Portuguese East Africa, and Madagascar, through Pakistan, India, Ceylon, Indochina, and Penang, north into China, Formosa, Japan, Hainan Island, and Hongkong, and east to the Philippine Islands, Guam, and Sarawak. It has been collected in anthesis in practically every month of the year, and in fruit from August to April. Benthall says that in Calcutta it blooms "chiefly in May or Ap- ril, but also at other times of the year", It is cultivated ex- tensively in temple gardens in Thailand, and grows from sea lev- el to 2000 meters altitude. The Clemenses say that it is occas- ionally planted in native gardens in Annam. It has been found by collectors in dry sandy soil on level land, in groves, waste 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 91 places, on grassy or wooded hillsides, along roadsides or river- sides, in village commons, on open slopes or rocky grassy slopes, in dry places, and at the edges of fields, often in loamy soil. Meyer states that it is "a shrub much found in waste places" near Hangchow; Lau says it is abundant in sandy soil on dry lev- el land on Hainan Island; and Tsang reports it “abundant in sandy soil along roadsides". The Florida specimen cited below was actually from an escaped plant, according to a letter re- ceived by me on this subject from Dr. Buswell. This species has been widely confused in herbaria and in lit- erature with V. agnus-castus L. and V. trifolia L., and many specimens have been distributed into herbaria under the names of V. bicolor Willd., V. cannabifolia Sieb. & Zucc., V. negundo var. “cannalifolia" Sieb. & Zucc., V. negundo var. macrophylla Molden- ke, V. negundo var. typica H. ae Lam, and V. trifolia var. bicol- or (Willd.) Moldenke. Many authors List the name Vitex trifolia_ minor indica Pluk. in the synonymy of this species, but this name actually applies to V. trifolia L. Similarly, the Vitex chinensis Mill., Vitex incisa Lam., and Vitex laciniata Hort. included by some writers in the synonymy of this species, are Call actually Ve negundo var. heterophylla (Franch.) Rehd. The Vitex bicolor Willd. and V. negundo var. bicolor H. J. Lam, reduced to this species by some ie writers, are actually V. eee var. bi- color (Willd.) Moldenke, a very different plant. Vitex negundo Curtis is V. negundo var, heterophylla (Franch.) Rehd., Vitex negundo Lour. is V. quinata (Lour.) F. N. Will., and Vitex negun—- do Noro: Noronha is V. pinnata L. Vitex hiseitie Mill. is V. negundo var. intermedia (P'ei) Moldenke. In this connection I must also point out that the illustrations given for "Negundo foemina" and "l]egundo mas" in pre-Linnean works are very different and it seems hardly probable to me that they refer to the same plant, although most authors so cite then. The Icon. Select. Hort. Then. pl. 199, labeled as V. negundo L., is actually V. quinata and the Curtis, Bot. Mag. ll: pl. 364 (1797) —— not "2: pl. 36" as cited te some authors —- cited by Stapf as V. negundo is not the typical form of the species. It is cited by P'ei as "var. incisa" and although it looks much like var. intermedia to me, I am citing it below under var. het— erophylla, The V. negundo var. typica of H. J. Lam, often cited in the synonymy of V. negundo, where one would naturally expect it to belong, is actually in part var. cannabifolia and in part var, heterophylla. Vitex negundo is a microphanerophyte in Raunkiaer's classifi- cation of life forms, It is often described by Chinese collec- tors as "woody" or "semi-woody" and erect, and is attacked by the fungus Pucciniastrum clemensiae. Horticulturists regard it as a coarse-rooted shrub of similar value as V. agnus-castus L., but rather less handsome in flower. It is best planted in the spring, since it cannot well be dug with a ball of earth. They / 92 Pu bSk eT’. BeOxGck& Vol. 5, no. 10 say “beware of dirty-white or pale dull—bluish-flowered forms," Menninger describes it as an "evergreen Chinese shrub common in the United States", with the leaves dark-green above and whitish beneath, Van Rensselaer records it as cultivated at Santa Barb- ara, California. Wisler lists it as cultivated in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, and says it has been cultivated since 1697, introduced by the Dutchess of Beaufort. Benthall says that a specimen might be seen in 193 on the west side of Camac Street in Calcutta. He says it "is common throughout most of the hotter parts of India and Ceylon. It is not common in the neighborhood of Calcutta, but may be found fairly often in thickets and shrubberies near villages, and is occasionally cultivated in gardens." P'ei records it from Szechuan and Sikang, China. The New York Bot. Gard. Econom. Mus. 578 specimen is from the Philippines. Lei says that on Hainan Island it is "rare" in loam on the dry level land of village commons and "fairly com- mon" as scattered shrubs in sandy soil. Santapau says it is of- ten cultivated in hedges in India. Van Melle reports that at least the young foliage is highly aromatic. He describes the plant as a die-back shrub in the New York City area or one that is best treated as such. It is tend- er-wooded and highly decorative. It should be pruned close to the base every spring and then permitted to grow to 3 or 5 feet in height. At the top of this annual growth, in July or August, he says, will be produced the loose showy terminal panicles of small fragrant flowers which, in the better forms, are a good lavender-blue. This is in contrast to V. agnus-castus, where the flowers are more showy, in panicled spikes, blooming from July to September. Both are effective, but rather exotic-looking and erect shrubs, not easily blended in the border and therefore better used as garden accent plants or cut back as garden hedge- rows. They flower when not much else is in bloom among the shrubs and contribute a worthwhile decorative note to the small landscapes. They thrive well in light sandy soils in full sun- light. "Being coarse-rooted and difficult to dig with a ball of earth", he says, "they are best transplanted bare-rooted, in the spring. When they are treated as die-backs, the tenderness of. the top growth need not worry one. The roots are hardy enough, and should an occasional plant be lost in severe winters, these shrubs are worth planting again," The original valid publication of the binomial, Vitex negundo, is occasionally given as page "390", but was actually on page 638 of the first edition of Linnaeus! work, Similarly, the ref- erence to Kuntze's work is sometimes incorrectly cited as "1: 513", Merrill states that Blanco's Vitex leucoxilon is only in part referable here -- his "arbolillos" from Mandaloyon and Pangasinan, called "lagundi", apply here, while the tree growing in forests, called "molavin", is actually V. parviflora A. L. Juss. Sieber Fl. Mixta 152 may actually be var. cannabifolia (Sieb. & Zucc.) Hand.-Mazz. The Pennock specimen cited below has the leaves 1-foliolate, and Hohenacker 160 has some of its 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 193 leaves 1-foliolate. Chatterjee s.n. in the Pomona College herbar- ium has the leaflets 3 in number. The Herb. Ames s.n. [15 Aug.] has its leaflets conspicuously serrate; Fan & Li 165 and 269 also have them serrate, while Fan & Li 21 has them merely repand nd and Herb. Hort. Boner: XVK.A.XLVI.11 has them all entire. Iohenacker comments "pulvis radicis cum oryza coctus leprosus porrigitur", The embryology of the species is discussed by Pal in Journ. Ind- ian Bot. Soc. 30: 59-~7) (1951). L. H. Bailey in his unpublished Catalogue of Florists Handling Verbenaceae (1935) says that V. negundo is offered by the Jungle, Sanford, and Hugh Evans nurseries. The Née 25 cited below may actually have been collected either in the Philippines or in the Mariannas. Pieper cites Hildebrandt 125) from Tanganyika Terri- tory, Stuhlmann 1088 from Zanzibar, and Sin 542) from Inhambane, Portuguese East Africa. Schauer Siate the s species as native to Mauritius, but J. G. Baker (1877) says it is common in cultiva- tion there, but is not native nor even naturalized. He distin- guishes it from V. trifolia by stating that it (V. negundo) has the leaflets 5 in number, on long petiolules, and merely puberv- lent, not canescent, beneath. Both species, he says, have "copi- ous small panicled tomentose flowers". In view of his statement, it is perhaps questionable whether V. negundo is native at all in Africa or Madagascar. Possibly all specimens from there were from cultivated or escaped plants, but not so indicated by the collectors. Wattts discussion of the economic importance of the species is worth repeating here: "Dutt informs us that, according to Sanskrit writers, there are two forms of nirgundi,-- that with pale blue flowers, sindhuvara (V. trifolia), and that with blue flowers, nirgundi. The properties of both are said to be iden- tical, but the latter is generally used in medicine. The root of Vitex Negundo is considered tonic, febrifuge, and expector- ant, and the leaves aromatic, tonic, and vermifuge. The juice of the leaves is largely employed for soaking various metallic powders, before making the latter into pills. A decoction of the leaves is given, with the addition of long pepper, in cat- arrhal fever with heaviness of the head and dullness of hearing (Bhavaprakasha). A pillow stuffed with the leaves is said to remove foetid discharges and worms from ulcers. An oil prepared with the juice of the leaves is applied to sinuses and scrofu- lous sores (Chakradatta). Dymock states that Muhammadans con- sider athlak or panjangusht (which as sold in Bombay appears to be the fruit, not of V. Negundo or of V. trifolia, but of V. Agnus-castus of Europeans yas astringent, resolvent, and atten- uant. The Indian medicinal species of Vitex early abibantad the notice of Europeans, V. trifolia is highly extolled by Bontius, under its Malayan name; he speaks of it as anodyne, diuretic, and emmenagogue, and testifies to the value of fomentations and baths prepared with 'this noble herb', as he terms it, in the treatment of beri-beri, and in the obscene affection of "burn- ing of the feet" in natives. Of V. Negundo, Fleming remarks Lol POR CATO L:OGre Vol. 5, no. 10 that its leaves have a better claim to the title of discutient than any other vegetable remedy with which he is acquainted, and he adds that their efficacy in dispelling inflammatory swellings of the joints from acute rheumatism, and of the testes from sup— pressed gonorrhoea, has often excited his surprise. The mode of application followed by natives, and adopted, according to Dr. Fleming, by some European practitioners in India, is simple — the fresh leaves, put into an earthen pot, are heated over a fire till they are as hot as can be borne without pain; they are then applied to the affected part, and kept in situ by a bandage, the application is repeated three or four times daily until the swelling subsides (Pharm. Ind.). Roxburgh describes both species as medicinal, and mentions that the leaves of V. Negundo are em- ployed to form a warm-bath for women after delivery. Rumphius and Rheede both particularly notice V. trifolia, the first rec- ommending it externally in swellings and diseases of the skin, while the latter asserts that the powdered leaves taken with water cure intermittent fevers. Ainslie writes that the fruit of the same species is supposed by the Vytians to be a nervine, cephalic, and emmenagogue, and is prescribed in powder, electu- ary, and decoction. The medicinal qualities of V. Negundo he considered to be similar to but weaker than those of V. trifol- ia. He adds, however, that the root of the former is a pleasant bitter and useful in fever, and that the Muhammadans smoke the dried leaves in cases of headache and catarrh. Irvine states that a decoction of the leaves is used in Patna as an internal remedy for fever. Taylor writes that in Dacca the leaves are given with garlic, rice, gur, etc., as a remedy for rheumatism. Both species are given a place in the Pharmacopoeia of India, where, in addition to part of the above information, it is stated that Dr. W. Nigledew has described a very interesting method of treating febrile, catarrhal, and rheumatic affections in Mysore, by means of a rude vapour bath prepared with the plant. The dried fruit is considered vermifuge..... "Nothing is known of the chemistry of these plants, but the seed of V. Agnus-castus is said to contain a peculiar bitter principle called castine, a volatile acrid substance, a large quantity of free acid and fat oil. In Greece the fresh and rather unripe berries are said to be added to the merit of the grape to render the wine more intoxicating, and prevent it from turning sour (Dymock)....'The leaves [of Vitex negundo], 'baked and applied to the head while warm or used as a pillow, relieve headache! (Surgeon-Major Lionel Beech, Coconada). 'Given also in frontal head aches! (Surgeon W. F. Thomas, 33rd M.N.I., Mangalore). 'The leaves (fresh) are credited with the power of destroying the smell of high or tainted meat or fish when boil- ed with it. The leaves, bruised and formed into cakes, may be applied to the temples to relieve headaches! (Civil Surgeon Banku Behary Gupta, Poori). 'I have often used a bath medicated with the leaves in cases of rheumatism and swelling of joints with excellent results' (Honorary Surgeon E. A. Norris, Tran- quibar). 'Leaves and root diuretic, diaphoretic and tonic. Tin- / 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 9S cture, -- root bark 2 0z., Proof spirit 10 oz. Dose 1 to 2 drams three times a day is found useful in irritable bladder and rheu- matism' (Apothecary Thomas Ward, Madadapalla, Allahabad) ." In India, according to Deane, an excellent poultice for ul- cers is made by boiling a mixture of barley flour and Vitex neg- undo seeds. It is also given to water-buffaloes as a remedy for coughs. Macmillan reports that the leaves, bark, and roots are used for toothache and eye diseases and as a carminative, The dried fruit is used as a vermifuge in Ceylon. The leaves are mixed with tobacco and smoked as a remedy for flatulance. The smoke of the burning seeds is used as a remedy for ulcers. Vari- ous Chinese botanists speak of the plant's medicinal uses there. Watt reports that the ashes of this plant are used as an alkali in dyeing. As a hedge it is often used to check erosion, the land between being stabalized by grass planting. The wood is u- sed for building purposes and as a fuel, and the branches in wattle-work. Lindley repeats the statement that in India a de- coction of the aromatic leaves helps to form a warm bath for women after delivery, and that bruised leaves are applied to the temples to treat headaches; pillows stuffed with these leaves are put beneath the head to remove catarrh and attending headaches. C.S. Ford and B. Blackwood are reported by de Las- zlo & Henshaw in Science 119: 630 (195) as stating that the "paparau" of Buka, Solomon Islands, contains the root scrap- ings of this plant and is chewed with betel mixture and then swallowed to produce sterility. Santapau says "Muy abundante todo a lo largo de la carretera de Fitzgerald Ghat. Las hojas se usan contra la fiebre y, en general, como un buen ténico." Van Wijk says "the dried fruit thought to be a vermifuge". A. Richard lists the species as among the plants in the medicinal garden at Paris in 1801. As is to be expected in a species with so many uses and such a wide geographic distribution, Vitex negundo has many vernacular names, especially in the Sanskrit, Telegu, Hindu, Chinese, and Malay tongues. Includedare "ai toeban", "amalu", Naslag", "baimat", "banj-angasht", "bankahi", "banna", "bar{" "pb4ri", "besuniyA", "beygina", "binna", "biuna", "cannellier a feuilles de niekegas", "cay ngu trao", "chineesche kuischboom", "ch-i-ye-huang-ching", "ehtri", "fanjangasht", "faux poivrier", "faux-poivrier", "filfil", "five-leaved chaste tree", "five- leaved chaste-tree", "gatilier paniculé", "gattilie de Chine", "gattilier", "gattilier de Chine", "gattilier négundo", "hobaro", "Indian privet", "Indian serrate-leaved Vitex", "kanti", "kAtri", "kiyow-bh4n-bin", "kiyub4én-bin", "ko ling ngio", "lagoendi laoet laki-laki", "lagondi laut", "lagundi", "lakki", “lakki-gid4", "lakkle", "leban"', "lénggundi", “lingir", man king shue", 'marwa", "marwan", "marwandai", ‘mau kinh", tm4ura", 'mawa", "mehrwén", "mewri", "monk's pep- per tree", "mora", 'morann", 'mor4un", "mffen kim", "nagoda", Malla v4rili", "nalla vavili", "nara", "nargunda", "negundo", "negundo chaste-tree", "neki", "nengar", "ng chi fung", "ngu tréo", "nika", "nikka", 'nirgandi", "nirgandi", 'nfrgari", 496 PAPNT O LiOrG-te Vol. 5, nos 10 (nirgiri", "nirguda", "nirgudi", "nirgunda", "nirgundi", "nirgindi", "nfrgundi", "nirgur", "nirgir", "nir-nochchi", "nishinda", "nishind4", ‘nisinda", "nisind&", 'noch-chi", "pak po leung shue", tpAnf-ki-sambh4li", "panj-angusht", "pasatia", "samalu", ns4n41im, "sambhal", "sambh4lu","san4ke", "sanbhalu", "sanbh4li", "sandbhulu", "sem4lu", Nsham4iu", "tshamb4li", "shenb4li", shaw4li", "shimalu", * wshimdlu", "shiwAli", "shiwari", "shvéta-surasa", nshwari", Nsim4li", "sindhuca", "sindhuka", "sindhuvara", "sinduari", "sindwar", "sindwor", "sisbant, "strand lagindie-boom", "stidi-nikka", "swanj4n", "tella-vavili", "three-leaved chaste-tree”, "thudc 6n ring", "torban", ntérbanna", mtrasék", "i chu kim", "vavali-padi", tvAvili", Nyellai=noch-chi", nyella-noch-chi", "vel-noch chi", "veyala", "vitex de madera blanca"; Nyrikshaha", "wana", twarmande", "zikhamsate-as4bea", "zikhamsatilour4q", and taikhamsitilourAq". Citations: FLORIDA: Orange Co.: M. F. Baker s.n. [Aug. 19, 1935] (Bu). WINDWARD ISLANDS: Martinique: Bélanger 298 (P), 560 (P), 933 (P). BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Wallis 170 (B). MADAGAS—_ CAR: Richard 261 (P), 618 (FP). BALUCHISTAN: STAN: Blatter 2308 (Xa). PAKISTAN: Northwest Provinces: Cleghorn 2638 (Bz—-2h31); Koelz 4137 (N)3 R. R. Stewart 17067 (N); G. Watt s.n. (Pa, Pa). West Punjab; Koelz 1626 6 (N); Nasir s.n. [Stewart 1]7)3b] (N); Ram 173 (N); Re R. Stewart 950 (N), sen. [2h-3-19)0] (N). INDIA: Assam: A. C.chatterjee s.n. [oauhaty, April 1902] (Po--6339), s.n. (Bz-—2h)75, ae ren Collector undesignated 318 (S); Jenkins s.n. [Assam] (T); G. Watt 1221 (Bz—2320). Bombay: Acland Acland 966 ( (Xa); Almeida 161k (Xa); Platter 23412 (Xa); Blatter & Hallberg 23913 (Xa); Platter, Hallberg, & McCann 27105 (Xa); Collector undesignated s.n. | Canara] (N); J. Fernandez 15 (Xa), 1581 (Xa); Herb. Blatter 10373 (Xa), 15000 (xa ), 23366 (Xa), 23410 (Xa), sen. (Bandra, March 1920] (Xa); Patel s.n. (Xa); Randeria 26 (Xa), 268 (Xa), 285 (Xa), 295 (Xa), 312 (Xa), 379 (Xa), 42 hls (xa) 5 Razi zi 5010 (Xa); Roux 1835 (Du--1665 37) ; Santa- pau 1h2, 2.25/10 (Xa), lhe. 26/10 (Xa), ~ 12.27/10) (Xa), 3636 (Xa); Shah 1173 (Xa, Xa); Vakil 35347 (Xa), 35354 (Xa), ~ 35356 (Xa). Central Provinces: A. Campbell 897 (Pa); Duthie 9689 — (Mi); oe ah & Dudgeon 250 (Io--108668). East Punjab: Koelz 8278 (N); R. R. Stewart 879 (S), 1739 (S), sen. [March 3, 1917] (Ba); T. tinea S.n. [Panjab, 1-000 O ped.] (Br, S). Kashmir: H, Singh 1685 (S). Khasi States: Herb, Tea Deputation s.n. (Bz- 278). Madras: Babu s.n. (Gg--213787). Mysore: G. Thomson s.n. [Maisor & Carnatic] (Br, N). United Provinces: Chopra 19 [Aug- ust 192h} (S), 19 [January] (S); Dutt 75 (N); Gammie s.n. [Deh- ra Dun, 10-1391] (Gg--127013) ; Hohenacker 160 (Du--166536, S); Ae M. Khan s.n. [Lachiwala, Aug. 1929] (S), s.n. [Harawala, Dec. 1929] (S)3 Koelz 20526 (Bv, N); Lakhera s.n. (N); Minchan- dani s.n. [July 1920] (N); Raj s.n. (7-1-30] (N), sen. [19-7-3]] 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 97 (N); Rajkapur s.n. [Dehra Dun, 21 July] (Mi), s.n. [Dehra Dun, 29 Dec.] (Mi); B. N. Singh s.n, [13th July 1930] (N), s.n. [28th Nov. 1930] (N); U. Singh 216 (L (La, N); Strachey & Winterbottom Ss. n. [Kumaon] (K); “Tych s.n. .. [Mohand, 1-12-29] (H-—36738, in part), sli [Mohand, 5-7-30] (H--36738, in part). Wrst Bengal: Thomson & Hooker s.n. [Plan. Ganget. Inf.] (S). State undetermined: patie eens ert Himalaya ] eae eases Bans [India ] (S)% Boao Sith [India] (Pa); Sieber Fl. Mixt Wixta ete ae Wight 232h ( S), Sen. [Peninsula Ind. orientalis] (N). CHINA: Anhwei: Fan & Li 25 (0a); Herb. Univ. Nanking 1726 (Or--1368h), 17262 (To--113975). Chekiang: Cheo & Wilson 22%, 27 [Herb. Univ. Nanking 12873] (N); F. N. Meyer 1498 (ar--19766); Steward 516 [2387] (Ph). Fukien: T. C. Chang 4163 (La), 4519 (Du—250170); H. H. Chung 3452 (Bz--24332); Fong 31 (Du—250158); Ging 5375 (Ii). Hunan: Dahlstrtm h2 (S); Fan & Li 21, in part (0a). Kiangsi: H. C. Cheo 165 (Oa). Kwangtune: N. BS ease 0781 (I); Dtfben s.n. [Whampoa] (S); Hance 951 (Bz-=2 281); Lau 20133 (Bza--2 4325); Tak 140 [Herb. Canton Chr. Coll. 16629] (Du--25015h); W. T. Tsang 2100) (S), s.n. [Herb. Lingnan Univ. 16629] (I); Tso 2090 (Bz-—2),328); Tsui 617, in part (Bz--2)322). Yunnan: E. E. Maire 3663 (La). FORMOSA: Hayashi s.n. (Herb. Govt. Formosa 21212] (La); Oldham 383 (S), s.n. (W--77190)); T. Tanaka 97 (S); Tanaka & Shimada 17878 (Go, La, S). JAPAN: Island undetermined: Herb. Ames sen. [15 Aug.] (0a) ; Masamune sen. [1922] (N). HONGKONG: Yink re (Du-—200916). LANTAU ISLAND: T Tsang 16629 (S). HAINAN ISLAND: D: Chun & Tso 3701 (N); Gressitt 751 (N); How 73179 (Bz-- 2.327) 5 Lau 293 (Mi), 3051 (S); Lei 202 (Ba), 700 (Ba, Bz— 2323); H. Y. Liang Auber (8); C. Wang 36474 (Go, N). INDOCHINA: Annam: Poilane b7h (Bz--728)9). Cambodia: Bé jaud 81h (N). Ton- kin: Eberhardt 3322 (S). MALAYA: Malacca: W. Griffith s son. (Malacca, 185] (Br). Penang: Haniff 239 (La). PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Luzon: N. J. apceee Eee: Sen. [Jan. 1853] (S, S); Bartolomé Sci. 12210] eames Hobman 99 (Gg—=31198) ; ‘tolaae 7186 (Du- 66950); Labrador sen. [F. C. Gates 8330] (Mi); Mangubat 13)3 [Herb. Fhilip. Bur. Sci. 133] (Bz—2h1h, Bz—2hh15); ee Dy. D. Merrill 147 (Bz--2h71), Sp. Blanc. 40 (Gg--3193); uM. L. M Mer- ritt 7625 (Bz--2)67) ; Merritt & Darling s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 14063] (Er); D. P. Miranda s.n. [May 1910] (Mi); Nav- era s.n. [F. C. Gates ATT 0 (a——62315); Quisumbing s.n. [F. C. Gates 7911] (Mi); Quisumbing & Gates 7911 (Ki); M. Ramos s.n. [Herb, Philip. Bur. Sci. 7215] (Br), s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. $292] (Bz--2h68), s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci, 12223] (Bz--2))11), s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 2725] (Bz--2hh66); 498 PT Ti bo OG dnk Vol. 5, nO ae F. L. Stevens 1725 (Ur). Masbate: W. W. Clark s.n, [Philip. For- est. Bur. 2527] (Po—6h776). Island undetermined: Née 25 (Q), 29 (Q), 31 [Ginobatan] (Q), 43 (Q). JAVA: Backer 2086 (Bz—2h56), 2127) (Bz--2hh2, Be—2hh3), s sen. (Batavia, 1902] (Bz--2hhh7), Say (April, 190] (B2--2hh)5), Sen. Seer 190} (C2 ere [Batavia] (Bz--2h238); Hoogerwerf 10 (Be--21)268) ; Slooten oten 62 (Bz--2),339). SARAWAK: Nabive collector 1374 (Ph). LESSER SUNDA ISLANDS: Billiton: Teijsmann 16728 (Bz--2h7h, N). Soemba: Voogd 222 (Bz—-265). CULTIVATED: Belgium: Bossche s.n. [Hort. Then- ensis II.911] (Br, N--photo, Z--photo); Homblé 7 (Br). Californ- ia: Gedling s.n. [Nov. 21, 1950] (N). China: L. H. Bailey s.n. [Nankow, July 21917] (Ba). Sngland: Nicholson ssn. August, 1885] (K). Florida: HE, H. ume s.n. [Glen St. liary, 20 Aug. 1935] (F1--211))). Germany: Sprengel s.n. (Br). India: Gaudichaud 78) (B); Herb. Hort. Dot. Calcutt. s.n. (Bz—2h77, Mu—l131, in Sak pee 7 1973 (Xa); Voigt s.n. [H. B. Seramp.] (Cp); Wallich Shu ( , Lah (K, N), sen. [B Sac: (Cp). Indochina: Clemens Be ee nach Ga E6005, Mi, N, Ut--295a, V). Jamaica: Bertero s.n. A. [13821] (B). Java: mete van Leeuwen 5 (Bz-—2)61); Herb, Hort. Bogor. XV.JeA.XXXIV.6 (Bz——-26h11, Bz--26412, Bz, Bz, Bz, Bz, N), XVeJoAXXXIV.6a (Bz-—26),13), XVK.A.XLVI.11, in part (Bz--2662), sen. (Bz——-24h3h, Bz--2)35); Koorders 2133b (Bz— 2462, Bz--25663, N); Vorderman s.n. [Batavia] (Bz—--2hh57, Bz— 258, Bz--2!59). Louisiana: T. Drummond s.n. [New Orleans] (Ed). Martinique: Duss 94, in part (B), 22, in part (B). Maur- itius: N. J. Andersson 59 (S); Baron s.n. . [Maurice, 1338] (P); Herb. Hooker s.n. (K); Herb. Torrey Son. wn, [Maurit. K. Gard.] (T); | Sieber Fl. !aurit. 161 (Br, P). -Nesopotamia: R. J. D. Gra- han son. (K). Missouri: 0. E. Thomas s.n. [July 28, 19h1] (Je-— 5536, in in part). New York: Coit sen. [9-5-0] (It); Horsey s.n. [Highland Park, Octi2; 1917] (Ba, N--photo, Z—-photo). Pennsyl- vania: H. N. loldenke 16590 (Ba). Philippine Islands: Garcia s. n. [Manila J. Bot.] (V). néunion: Richard s.n. (P). Saint Croix: Schow s.n. (Br). Scotland: Herb. Univ. Edinb. s.n. (Ed, Ed); D. Weber Th (Ed). Switzerland: Herb. Jard. Bot. Genév. s.n. [25 land: Marcan 263 (x). LOCA LITY OF SOLLECTION UNDET? MINED: Herb. Linnaeus G.311, S.8 (Ls--type, N--photo of type, Z--photo of type). VITEX NEGUNDO f. ALBA P'ei, Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1 (3): 104-- 105. 1932. Literature: P'ei, Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1 (3): 1O4--105. 1932; Holdenke, Known Geogr. Distrib, Verbenac., [ed. 1], 57 & 103 (192) and [ed. 2], 132 & 202. 19h)9. This form differs from the typical form of the species in y : 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 99 having the leaflets broadly lanceolate to ovate, usually 3 (rare- ly 4 or 5) in number, entire, densely white-mealy on both sur- faces, and the 10 pairs of secondaries very prominent beneath. The form was based by P'ei on the following collections from Ytnnan, China: Schneider 67 from Yang Tze, collected in 191}; Schneider 132); from Yungoeh; Schneider 3242 from Tali, collected in October, , 191s Forrest 10133, 10337, ~ 10961, and 10521 from A eS localities in Ytinnan; Rock 3830 from the Yangtze watershed, prefectural district of Likiang, eastern slopes of the Likiang Snow nange, collected between May and October, 1922; Rock 5505 fron between. Likiang, Youngning, and Youngpei on the road to Mili in southwestern Szechuan, collected in May or June, 1922; and Rock 904) from the eastern slope of the Likiang Snow Range in the Y Yangtze watershed, collected in 1923 or 192). Maire states that the corollas are blue, and that the plant blossoms in June, at an altitude of 200 meters in Ytnnan, Citations: CHINA: Ytmnan: Maire 3663 (N). VITEX NEGUNDO var. CANNABIFOLIA (Sieb. & Zucc.) Hand.—Mazz., Act. Hort. Gothenb. 9: 67--68. 193h. Synonymy: Vitex cannabifolia Sieb. & Zucc., Abh. Akad. ltinch. 3 (4): 152. 1846. vitex cannalifolia Sieb. & Zucc. ex Briq. in Engl. % Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ), (3a): 172, sphalm. 1895. Vitex negundo var. typica I]. J. Lam in Lam & Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 56, in part. 1921. Vitex cannabifolia var, latifolia Miq. ex voldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 50, in syn. 190. Vitex Windlsyana O'Neill ex Moldenke, Prelim, Alph. List Invalid Names 51, in syn. 190. Vitex negun- do var. cannabifolia (Sieb. & Zucc.) Moldenke, Alph. List In- valid Names Suppl. 1: 29, in syn. 1947. Vitex camobefolia Ha - rison, in herb. Vitex cannabifolia var. latifolia Hort., in herb. Vitex negundo var. cannalifolia Sieb. & Zucc., in herb. Literature: Sieb. & Zucc., Abh. Akad. lMttnch, 3 (h): 152. 186; Maxim., Bull. Acad. Imp. St. Pétersb. 31: 82. 1886; Brig. in Engl, & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam, (3a): 172. 1895; Mat— sum., Ind, 2 (2): 53h. 1912; H. J. Lam in Lam & Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 56. 1921; Mak., Ill. Fl. Jap. [895]. 192h; Ptei, Contrib. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China 7: 208. aa 523 Terasaki, Nippon Shokubutsu Zufu [Jap. Bot. Illustr,. Al- bum] 1225. 1933; Hand.-Mazz., Act. Hort. Gothenb. 9: 67--68. 1934; Moldenke, Alph. List Common Names 8. 1939; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 22 & 0. 1939; \Moldenke, Prelim. hie ph. List Invalid Names 50 & 51. 190; Worsdell, tnd. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500. 1941; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac,, [ed. 1], 32, 57, 58, 75, & 10h. 1942; Koldenke in Lundell, Fl. Texas 3 (1): 33. 192; Noldenke, Aliph. List Invalid Names sve 54. 1942; Moldenke, Phytologia 9: 121, 194h; Ptei, Bot. Bull. Seam, Gin. 1: 5. 1947; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 29. 1947; H. Ne &@ A. ty Moldenke, Pl. Life 2: 69. 198; Hara, Enum. Sperm. Jap. 1: 190. 19118; Moldenke, Known A 500 Poy; TO DL OsG- A Vol. 5) nOwae Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 69, 132, 13h 202. 1949; Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 58h——585. 19h9. Illustrations: Mak., Ill. Fl. Jap. [895]. 192); Terasaki, Nippon Shokubutsu Zufu [Jap. Bot. Illustr. Album] 1225. 1933. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaflets deeply serrate or incised except at the apex and base with uniform rather blunt or rounded teeth and in gen- eral green beneath with only very sparse canescent puberulence even during anthesis and when young often densely puberulent on- ly on the midrib and secondaries beneath. The leaflet—blades are often rounded at the base, The plant is said by collectors to be a woody erect or diffuse shrub or bush, 1--l) m. tall, with 3--5-foliolate leaves and thyr- soid inflorescences, the individual cymes distinctly stipitate and mostly conspicuously brachiate with ascending and spreading branches, the corolla varying from lilac or light-blue to light- purplish or with the lips whitish and the inner parts bluish. The fruit is said to be gray-tomentose, green (when immature). It has been collected in anthesis from June through December and in fruit in December. It inhabits grassy, dry, or wooded hillsides, forests, open slopes, roadsides, dry land, and rocky wild places, from 200 to 420 meters altitude. The only common names recorded are "chaste-tree" and "monk's pepper tree". Spec- imens have been identified in herbaria as Vitex loureiri Hook. & Arn., V. negundo L., V. negundo var, incisa (Lam.) C. B. Clarke, and V. negundo var. intermedia (P'ei) Moldenke. P'ei regarded Biltmore Herb. 7517 as his V. negundo f. intermedia, and Handel- Mazzetti reduces this trinomial to V. negundo var. cannabifolia. Personally, I feel that they are distinct taxa -- the very uni- form toothing of var. cannabifolia distinguishing it in general from var. intermedia. Hara states that the "Vitex negundo L." of itaximowicz and of Matsumura (references cited above) are var. cannabifolia in part. The Htflphers s.n. at Stockholm may be regarded as very typi- cal of var. cannabifolia; Kellogg s.n. in the st. Louis herbar- ium represents the simple-panicled form and E. H. Wilson 790 at the Arnold Arboretum is the compound-panicled form. In Herb. Hort. Kew. 790 W.S., which may well have been raised from the same seed collection as E. H. Wilson 790, the leaflets are sub- entire and therefore anomalous. The Worthley specimen cited be- low is from a plant obtained originally from the Brooklyn Botan- ic Garden. The Herb. Lugd.-Bat. s.n. cited below from Japan is inscribed "e China introduit" and so may have come from cultiva- ted or from naturalized material. The L. H. Bailey collections from Chikungshan and Sin Tien are said by him to have come fron along the border between Hupeh and Honan. The Beumée A.307 and Bakhuizen van den Brink 1876 cited from Java may actually have come from cultivated material, although the labels do not indi- cate this. H. T. Chang says that this plant is "used sometimes as a medium for sauce mold," 135, 165,°& 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 501 Citations: FRENCH GUIANA: Martin s.n. (K). UNION OF SOCIALIST SOVIET RSPUBLICS: Maritime Provinces: Enander s.n. [13/8/1926] (S). INDIA: Mysore: G. Thomson s.n. [Maisor % Carnatic] (S). State undetermined: Osbeck s.n. (S). CHINA: Chekiang: Chiao 1,05) (Go); R. C. Ching 2429 (Ba, 1), 3585 (La). Fukien: T. C. Chang 059 (Du-=250153), L072 (La), LM20 (Du--250171), 4679 (Du-- 250169); Chang & Netealf 276 (Du--250163); Chang & Po 38k47 (Du-- 250165), 3962 (Du—25016l); DeGrijs 951 (S); C. P. En 2756 (Du-- 250156); Fong 65 (Du--250157); Ging 5307 (Mi), SUOl (Mi), 5563 (Mi), 5652 (Mi), 6602 (Mi); Pi 606) (Du—250161), 6211 (Du-- 250167); L L. ¥. Tai liklg (Ur). Honan: L. H. Bailey s.n. [Sin Tien, July 1, 1917] (Ba, Ba). Hunan: Fan & Ii 2h; in part. (Bz— 21326) « Boel: L. H. Bailey s.n. [Chikungshan, June 15, 1917] (Bay > 's.n’. [Chikungshan, Ju June e 19, 1917] (Ba). Kiangsi: L. He Bailey s.n. [near Kiukiang, July 9, 1917] (Ba); Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 680 (Ph); Tsiang 10119 (N), 10139 (N). Kiangsu: H. T. Chang 223 (Du--250162), 2h (Du- (Du--200920 0), 330 (Du--250160). Kwangtung: Dahlstrtm 390 . (8); Tsui 617, in “part (Ba); Ying 1059 (Du--250155). Shantung: Chiao 2704 (S); Zimmermann L2 (Bz: (eee 2430, S). Szechuan: Hao 191 (S). Province undetermined: Fortune 30 (K); Henry sen. (K); Osbeck s.n. (S); Schoch 27 (S). JAPAN: Honshiu: Y. Matsumura 166) (N) (N); Kax Maximowicz s.n. Sone {Yokohama, 1862] (Br, B2--2,79, C, K). Kiushiu: Maximowicz s.n. [Nagasaki, 1863] (S). Island Ga actomidinad: Herb. Lugd.-Bat. s.n. [1865] (M); Herb. Mus. Bot. Stockholm s.n. [Japonia] (S); H. L. Jones s.n. [Japan, ma 12) (Ob--1).3873). HONGKONG: C. Wright s.n. [Hong | Kong] (T).HAINAN ISLAND: Chun & Tso 51h (N). THAILAND: Zimmer- mann 2 (Bz--2))76). JAVA: Bakhuizen van den Brink 1876 (Bz—- 2h282, B2--2h283, Bz--2h28), Ut--2h87la, Ut—30702), 5763 (Ba-— 2281) ; Beumée A.307 (Bz--2,279, Bz——21)230) CULTIVATED: Dist- rict of Columbia: C. Harrison s.n. [Washington, Oct. 1h, 1897] (Ar--19756); O'Neill s.n. [Capitol grounds, Oct. 2, 1931] (I); Tidestrom 609 ~ (Ar--19755), 1850 (Ca--171697) ; W. preleiee S.Ne [Botanical Gardens, Oct. 1917] (Ur). England: Herb. Hort. Kew. Wa0 Wess (K). erence: Herb, J. Gay sen. [Jard. des Pl., Sept. 1822] (K); Herb. Hort. Paris s.n. (Br); Herb. ‘artius s.n. (Br); Werb, Persoon s.n. (Le). Germany: HtXlphers s SoM. [H.B . Berol. 1906) (i--photo, N N--photo, S, Z-—ph hoto). # Hawaiian Islands: Fos- berg 10910 (Bi, La). India: Huet: Hort. Bot. Calcutt. s.n. (Ed, K, Le, Mu--66, Mu--1131 in part): Voigt s.n. [H. B. Seramp.] (Cp, Gp); Wallich 91) (Cp), 1746/3 (B, B, De), 1819 (De, De). Indiana: Welch 90 901 - (Dp). Japan: foLinator undesignated sen. (S)5 Herb, Lugd. -Bat. s sen. (K); K. Saida s.n. [Tokio, Aug. 1886] (B); Yasuda sen. [June 2, 2, 1918] (Ew). Massachusetts: E. Hi. Wilson T70R(A, A, ar WS nhioto: Z--photo, Z--photo). Mauritius: Bojer II. 16 (v). Missouri: J. H. Kellogg s.n. [St. Louis, Sept. 18/06) 502 PHY TOL Gra Vol. 5,. Ose (E--879117, Gg--130797, N--photo, Z-—photo); O. E. Thomas s.n. [July 28, 191] (aE 36 in parur. New York: He Ne Moldenke 21559 (Z, Z); Worthley s.n. [New York Bot. Gard. Cult. Pl. 5331] (N). North Carolina: Biltmore Herb. 7517 (E--116127, E--116128, G, N, W--335591). LOCALITY OF COILECTION UNDETERMINED: T. knee son s.n. [Myna Tal, 5/57] (Br); Herb. Gastrtm 1) (S); Herb. Nar Var- tius s.n. (Br); Herb. Vilmorin s.n. (Ar—I975h). VITEX NEGUNDO var. HETEROPHYLLA (Franch.) Rehd., Journ. Arnold Arb. 28: 258. 197. Synonymy: Vitex chinensis Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8, no. 5. 1768. Vitex chinensis var. coerulea West., Univ. Bot. 1: 312. 1770. Vitex chinensis var. alba West., Univ. Bot. 1: 312. 1770. Vitex sinuata Medic., Hist. Comm. Acad. Elect. Theod.—Palat. (Phys.): 202, pl. 8 [Bot. Beobacht.]. 1780. Vitex incisa Lan., Encycl. véth. Bot. 2: 612, 1788 [not V. incisa sa Thunb., 197, nor Wall., 1395]. Vitex laciniata Hort. ex x Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 68), in syn. 1847. Agnus castus incisa Carr., Rev. Hort. 1871: 415. 1871. Vitex incisa var. heterophylla Franch., Nouv. Arch, Mus. Paris, sér. 2, 6: 112 [Pl. David. 1: 232]. 1883. Vi- tex negundo var, incisa (Lam. ) C. Bs Clarke in Hook, f., Fl. Brit. Ind. h: 58). 1885. Vitex negundo Curtis apud Rehd. in Sarge, Pl. Wils. 3: 33, in syn. 1916. Vitex laciniatus Hort. a- pud Rehd, in Sarg., Pl. Wils. 3: 33, in syn. 1916. Vitex negundo var, typica H. J. Lam in Lam & Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 56 (in part). 1921. Vitex incisa Bunge apud Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 1, 771, in syn. 1927. Vitex negundo incisa Clarke apud Schaffner, Ohio Journ. Sci. 36: 202. 1936. Vitex negundo var. laciniata Hort. ex Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List In- valid Names 51, in syn. 190. Vitex aie Hort. ex Moldenke, Pre= lim. Alph. List Invalid Names ]9, in syn. 190. Vitex incisa var, alba Hort. ex Mioldenke, Prelim, Alph. List Invalid Names 51, in syn. 190. Vitex entrees Host ex Noldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 29, in syn. 197. Vitex negundo var. incisa (Lam.) Garcke ex Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Sup- pl. 1: 29, in syn. 197. Lagumus castus Schreb., in herb. Vitex alba Lam., in herb. Vitex alba var. incisa Hort., in herb. Vitex negundo alba Iort., in herb. Literature: Mill., Fig. Pl. 2: 183, pl. 275. 1760; Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8, no. 5. 1768; West., Univ. Bot. 1: 311-312. 1770; Medic., Act. "Hist. Comm. Acad. Elect. Theod.-Palat. (Phys. ): 202, pl. 8 [Bot. Beobacht.]. 1780; Lam., Encucl. Méth. Eot. 2: 612. "1788; Poir. in Lam., Tabl. mndyel. pl. Sib, figeas 1794; Curtis, Bot. Mag. 11: pl. 36h. 1797; Mirbel, Hist. Nat. a Ae Bs is: pl. 103. 1805; Duhan., Traité Arbres & Arbust., ed. 22 G6 116. 1812; Poir. in Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 3: 92, pl. Sul, fig. 2. 1823; Bunge , Mém. Sav. Etr. Acad. Sci. St. pétersb. 2: 126 [Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 52]. 1833; Turcz., Bull. Imp. Soc. 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 503 Mosc. [Enum. China no. 16] 7: 156. 1837; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 68). 187; Baill., Adansonia 2: pl. 6. 1861--1862; Bocq., Rev. Groupe Verbenac. pl. . 1861--1863; Carr., Rev. Hort. 42: 415. 1871; Debeaux, Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 31: 36 [Fl. Tché-fou 113]. 1876; Debeaux, Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 33: 59 [Fl. Tien-tsin]. 1879; Franch., Mém. Soc. Nat. Cherbourg 2: 21 [Cat. Fl. Tché-fou]. 1882; Franch., Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2,.G¢ 112) [P1. David. 2: 232)..18833,C.-B. Clarke in:Hook: £.; Fl. Brit. Ind. h: 58). 1885; Maxim., Bull. Acad Imp. Sci. St. Pétersb. 31: 82. 1886; Maxim., Mél. Biol. 12: 516. 1886; Hemsl., Journ, Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 26: 257. 1890; Koehne, Dendrol. 526. 1893; Bois, Dict. Hort. 1208. 1893--1899; Diels in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 29: 549. 1900; Rehd. in L. H. Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. h: 1948. 1902; Gilg & Loes. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 3h, Peibl. 75: 62. 190); Pavolini, Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. ser., 15: 432. 1908; Apgar, Ornament. Shrubs. U. S. 290, fig. 507. 1910; C. K. Schneid., Illustr. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 592--59h, fig. 38) mn & 335 r-t. 1911; Yabe, Ic. Fl. Manchur. 1 (1): pl. oo. 190s Rehd. in Sarg., Pl. Wils. 3: 33./1916s-Rehd.. in LHe Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 6: 3431. 1917; H. J. Lam, Verbenac. Malay. Arch. 190--191. 1919; H. J. Lam in Lam & Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., sér. 3, 3: 56. 1921; Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor- eana 1): pl. 12. 1923; Olmsted, Coville, % Kelsey, Stand. Pl. Names, ed. 1, 525. 192; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl. 632 & 849. 192) [also repr. of 1925, 1938, 191, & 1944]; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, [ed. 1], 777. 1927; Stapf, Ind. Lond. 6: 78--,79. 1931; Ptei, Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1 (3): 106—107 [Verbenac. China]. 1932; Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Record 22: 7. 1933; Crevost & Pételot, Bull. Econom. Indo-chine 37: 1292--1293. 193k; Junell, Symb, Bot. Upsal. h: 93--9). 1934; Teuscher, Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 35: 157. 193); J. A. Harris, Physico-chem. Prop. Plant Saps 50. 193; Hand.-Mazz., Act. Hort. Gothenb. 9: 67--68. 1934; Schaffner, Ohio Journ. Sci. 36: 202. 1936; Nakai, Honda, Satake, & Kitagawa, Ind. Fl. Jehol. 4 (): 1. 1936; Moldenke, Annot. List 109. 1939; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. }0. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names & 9--52. 19,0; Gates, Fl. Kans. 191. 190; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, 805 & 994. 190; Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500. 191; Hottes, Book of Shrubs )03--l,05. 1942; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 1], lh, 56, 57, 63, 75,’ & 10h. 192; Moldenke in Lundell, Fl. Texas 3 (2): 33. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names l & 52--55. 192; Wisler, Swarthmore Pl. Notes 1: 217. 1943; Van Melle, Shrubs & Trees for Small Place 47, 48, 54, & 55. 1943; Rehd., Journ. Arnold Arb. 28: 258. 1947; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names Suppl. 1: 28—29. 1947; Ptei, Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 1: 5. 1947; Beltran, Cat. Sem. Hort. Bot. Univ. Valentin. 198: 26. 1948; Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 585. 1949; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2), 12, 21, 25, 65, 132, 1y2, 165, & 202. 199; Gleason, New Britton & Br. Ill. Fl. 3: 138 (fig.) & 139. 1952; Roig, Dicc. Bot. 2: 695--696 & 1115. 1953. Illustrations: Mill., Fig. Pl. 2: 133, pl. 275. 1760; Nedic., 50h POR Ye... boOvGe Fock Vol. 5, nose Act. Hist. Comm. Acad. Elect. Theod.—Palat. ) (Phys.): 202, pl. 8. 1730; Poir. in Lam., Tabl. Encycl. pl. Sil, fig. 2. 179h; Curtis, Bot. Mag. 11: pl. 36) (colored). 1797; Mirbel, Hist. Nat. Pl. 15: pl. 103 (colored)..1805; Poir. in-Lam., Tabl. Encyedaus 92, pl. 541, fig. 2. 1823; Baill., Adansonia 2: pl. 6. 1861— 1862; Bocq., Rev. Groupe Verbenac. pl. . 1861--1863; Koehne, Denerol. 526. 1893; Bois, Dict. Hort. 1208 (colored). 1893— 1899; Rehd. in L. H. Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. ): 1948. 1902; Apgar, Ornament. Shrubs U. S. 290, fig. 507. 1910; Schneid., I1l1- ustr. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 592-59, fig. 385 r-t. 1911; Yabe, Ic. FL. danchor..1 (1): pl. 10. 191); Rehd,.in L..H. Bastem Stand, Cycl. Hort. 6: 381. 1917; Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Koreana 1): pl. 12. 1923; Gleason, New Britton & Br. Ill. Fl. 3: 138. 1952. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in its much smaller leaflets, which are only 2—7 cm. long (rarely to 11.5 cm. long) and are deeply and very irregularly incised, pinnatifid, or pinnatisect, the sinuses extending half way or often quite to the midrib. It is a shrub or small tree, to 30 feet tall, but may begin blooming at a height of 3 feet. The flowers are described as blue, bluish, lavender with a cream- colored lip, white, or even red. The leaves have a strong aro- matic sage-like odor. The variety is native to and very common all over northern China, being found on rocky slopes, stony wasteland, and even on city walls, often in loam soil. It ascends from 900 to 000 feet. It is widely cultivated in Europe, North America, Asia, and Mauritius. It has escaped from cultivation in various parts of the United States, Venezuela, and the Philippine Islands. Ac- cording to Ernst, its wood is durable and is employed in con= struction in Venezuela. It has been collected in anthesis from June to November and in fruit from August to October. Van Nelle lists this as a hardy deciduous plant for home grounds which is a die-back in the New York City area or should be treated as such, Bailey, in his unpublished list of ‘ florists handling Verbenaceae (1935) says it is offered by Floraire, Forest Nursery, Sanford, Bobbink & Atkins, and the Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Hottes states that it is hardier than V. agnus-castus, but is less showy because the racemes are not as long. It forms a good specimen plant in deep moist but well- drained soil, especially when this is a trifle acid (miniacid pH.4..0-5.0). The floral display is improved by cutting the plants back severely even to within 6 inches of the soil in early spring. They seed freely and should be sown in spring. They can be propagated by summer softwood cuttings, but must be wintered in a greenhouse when young. Hardwood cuttings also root, but should not be allowed to freeze. The plant can also be propagated by layering and by suckers. As sold by most nurs- eries, these plants are poor in appearance, but with care can be made very attractive. The physico-chemical properties of the species are described by Harris in relation to phytogeography. He reports the variety as cultivated on the grounds of the Uni- ted States Fielc Station, in the yard of Nr. Peebles’ home, at 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex S05 Sacaton, Arizona, growing under the influence of irrigation in 1934. Schaffner reports it as escaped in Preble County, Ohio, where it was collected by L. E. Hicks. P'ei records it from Si- kang. Nakai, Honda, Satake, & Kitagawa record it from Jehol, Manchuria. Wisler reports it as cultivated in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, and says it was originally introduced by Incar- ville to Paris in 1750. Lauphit says it is very common in fields at Peiping. Roig reports that it is sometimes cultivated in Cuba, where it blossoms in September and “sus flores son muy visitadas por las abejas". Recorded common names are “blue-flowering Chinese vitex", "chaste-tree", “cutleaf chaste tree", "cutleaf chaste-tree", ‘negundo", "red-flowering Chinese vitex", "shan king sao", and thite-flowering Chinese vitex", The plant number 3515 at Arnold Arboretum, from which various collectors have taken specimens, was originally secured from Paris. I have personally seen the living plants at Copenhagen from which the Herb. Hort. Bot. Haun. S.n. collection, cited below, was taken. There is a sheet of this variety in the Linnean Herbarium at London. It is sheet no. 9 under genus 811 [790], and is inscrib- ed "incisa Lamarck" in the handwriting of Smith. The lacinia- tions of the leaflets are not very deep, but it is plainly this plant. The names Agnus-castus incisa var. multifida Carr., Vitex negundo var. incisa f. multifida (Carr.) Rehd., and Vitex negun- do var. multifida (Carr.) Rehd., often included in the synonymy of this variety, are probably best kept separate as V. negundo var, heterophylla f. multifida (Carr.) Rehd. Rehder comments that "This variety has been by most authors considered a distinct species, but it differs only in its more deeply and incisely serrate or even pinnatifid leaflets: it represents the northern form of the species and seems well sep- arated geographically, ranging from northeastern Szech'uan through Shensi and northwestern IIupeh to northern Chili and eastern Shantung, while the typical form ranges southward to In- dia and Malaya. The latter has also been recorded from the Phil- ippine Islands, but the specimens I have seen differ consider- ably in the character of the inflorescence. The variety incisa shows a great range of variation in the shape of the leaflets; some specimens approach the type by their broad only deeply ser- rate leaflets, as Zimmermann's no. 2 from Tsingtau, others have serrate or sometimes entire and pinnatisect leaflets often on the same branch like Wilson's no. )303a and this form has been distinguished by Franchet as V. incisa, var. heterophylla.. while the most extrame forms have deeply pinnatifid leaflets with comparatively narrow and often remote segments as in Wil- son's no. 308; this form has been named V. incisa, var. multi- Eide Carrs oe eo” en The original description of Franchet's var. heterophylla reads: "folia oblonga, integerrima vel in eodem ramulo hinc inde sinuato vel profunde incisa, lobis integerrimis", and the type is David 522 from Peking, China. According to Weston, Univ. Eot. 506 PILLS OL OG Tk Vol. 5, no. 10 312 (1770), Miller's name, V. chinensis, applies to the white- flowered form of this variety. The blue-flowered form weston calls V. chinensis var. coerulea and the red (!)-flowered form he calls V. chinensis var. alba. The last-mentioned is an excel- lent example of the oft-repeated precept that the linguistic meaning or translation of a scientific plant name need not nec- essarily be accurately descriptive of the plant and may, in fact, sometimes be very misleading. Whatever prompted Weston to choose the epithet "alba" for the red-flowered form will probably never be known. It is possible that the blue, red, and white color forms of this variety should continue to be kept distinct nomen- claturally, but in that case the color of the flower of Franchets original specimen, David 522, will have to be determined, and one of Weston's varietal names (unfortunately indicating a color, rather than the more important leaflet character) will have to become the accepted varietal name. It is also very possible that Franchet'!s name really applies to what we now call var. inter- media (P'ei) Moldenke. In which case it will become the correct epithet for that taxon, and a Weston name, probably var. coerul- ea, will become the correct one for this. It would seem that our knowledge of this plant is not complete enough yet to warrant any such re-sorting of epithets. The original specimen on which the name Vitex alba is based seems to be Terrottet s.n. from the Jardin des Plantes, Paris, collected in 1813. The Herb. Miller s.n. cited below is the type of V. chinensis, while the Herb. Schreber s.n. (sheet no, 62 in the Munich herbarium) is the specimen on which the name Lagunus castus Schreb. is based. The Herb. Richard s.n. specimen at Stockholm is a mixture with Clerodendcrum heterophyllum (Poir.) R. Br. The Duss collections cited below have labels inscribed "in- troduced", which may actually mean naturalized or cultivated -- his no. 2396 also bears the notation that it is cultivated in Guadeloupe. The Treviranus specimen cited below is inscribed "Cult.?" The H. B. Parks collection cited below does not have the leaflets very deeply incised. There are apparently many errors in literature citations in the bibliography of this plant. For instance, Schauer gives the original citation for Vitex incisa Lam. as page "605" instead of 612; plate 364 in Curtis, Bot. Mag., is often cited to vol- ume "2" instead of "11"; and Maxim., Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Péters burg 31: 82 (1836) is sometimes erroneously cited as "32: 82. 1887", Junell says: "Auch bei V. incisa werden die medianen Scheide- winde nach unten hin kleiner. Die Plazenten verwachsen in der HShe der Samenanlagen befestigungen. Von den mittleren Partien der Fruchtbl#tter ragen geringfttgige 'falsche' Scheidew&nde vor, welche auf die von den Fruchtblattrundern gebildeten Scheide- winde stossen. Die Samenanlagen sind bei allen untersuchten Ar- ten hoch inseriert,." Citations: OKLAHOMA: Payne Co.: D. G. Clarke 120 (St--1799) ; 1957 Moldenke, Monograph of Vitex 507 Pullin 27 (St--9287). TEXAS: Brazos Co.: H. B. Parks s.n. [Col- lege Station, 1919] (Tr, Tr, Tr, Tr). VENEZUELA: Aragua: Ernst son. (Distr. Rfo Tuy, 1879] (Oa--6752). MANCHUKUO: Dahlstrand s. n. [9/8/1944] (Go); Litvinov 1087 (N). CHINA: Chahar: Kozlov 71 (Ar--1),716). Honan: Hers 773 (Br); Lauphit 140 (Ur); F. N. Meyer 186, (Ar--19763). Hopeh: J. G. Anderson 157 (8); Armacost_ ag oaet (La, N); Bohlin 216 (Go, S); M. K. ae ns 1934 (Br, Br); F. N. Meyer 1008 (Ar--19759, Cn, Du--13006, , N--photo, Ur); Sheehan 98 (N (N); Fe F. T. Wang 20201 (N). Shansi: ugha aude [ebaleoo ces 1902] (S); H. Smith 6179 (Go, S), 6306 (Go), 7715 (Go, S). Shan- tung: Chiao 3022 (N, N). Shensi: Hers 237 (Br); F. N. Meyer 1937 (Ar--1976L). Province undetermined: Bretschneider 571 (K); B Bunge sn, [China bor.] (K); David s.n. (K); Fortune s.n. (K); Herb. — Martius s.n. [China] (Br). CULTIVATED: Austria: Collector undes- ignated s.n. (V); Fenzl s.n. (V); Herb. Jan. s.n. (V); Herb. Karl itichter s.n, (Vu); H. Neumayer s.n. [23.VIII.1935] (Vu); Sennenholz s.n. [Vienna, 9/189] (V). Barbados: Waby 11) (B). Belgium: Herb. Hort. Brux. s.n. [25 Sept. 1899] (Br), sen. (Br); Homblé 26 (Br); Lange s.n. [Bot. Have, Bruxelles, Sept. 9, 1896] (Cp); Lejeune sen. (Br); Nyst s.n. (Br). Brazil: ‘Blanchet SN. (S). British Guiana: Brit. Guian. Gard. Pl. s.n. [May 190] (U). California: Abrams 10115, in part (Du—13970 in part); D. A. Bisset s.n. [S.P.1. 31976) (Ar--1796); Bradbury s.n. [Hart, 9/ wR Baste © sot ———— 2/1916] (Ba (Ba); Eastwood s.n. [August 22, 1913] (Gg--31490); K. D. Jones s.n. (N); Ricker 3037 [S.P.1. 21976] (Ar--19762); Walther 22h (A, N, N). Canada: Ge He HM. Lawrence 653 (Ba). Denmark: Col- lector ‘undesignated sen. [20/9/63] (Go); Herb, Hort. Bot. Haun. son. (Cp, Cp); Herb. Liebmann s.n. (Cp). District of Columbia: De A A. Bisset s.n. (s.P 1. 17941] (Ar--19760). England: Broberg sen. [Hort. Kew] (Th); Herb. Chelsea Gard. 329 (Bm); Herb. Hort. Cambridge s.n. [Aug. 1881] (K); Herb. Hort. Liverpool s.n. (K); Herb, Miller s.n. (Bm); Herb. Parry s Son. [Cambridge Bot. Gard. 1877] (Io). France: Collector undesignated 22 (S); A. DeCandolle sen. (Hort. Paris] (Br); De la Roche s.n. (De); Devaun s Son. | T1817] (B); Herb. Baillon s.n. [H. P. 18h9] (P); Herb. Btttner s. n. (Hort. Reg. Paris] (B, 3); Herb. DeCandolle sen. (01); Herb. ds Gay s.n. [Jard. des Pl. 13127 0 Kk); Herb. Grimm s.n. [H. Arg- ent. '87] 7) (iu--6)0) ; Herb. Hort. teipee Sone. (Kec Ky sg ete Hort. Paris s.n. [1820] (B), sen. [Sept. 1821] (B), s sen. [Sept. 131] (B), sen. [137] A B.n. (Bry. Cb, Cb, Cb, Cb, Cb, Cb.) Cm Cb, Be De); 1 [erb. Persoon s.n. [Hort. Paria] (Le, N--photo, Z-- Bhote), Sen. (Le, Le); Herb. Schreber s.n. (hu--642); M. Martens Bits [HsP .P. (Br); Perrottet s.n. [Jard. des Pl. 13197 (Gb ); Thouin s. sen. [H. Paris] (Cp, Cp); Weinkauff sen. [183)] (Mu-- 1346). Germany: Berger sen. (Nu--6l)3); Boos sen. (Karlsruhe, 1818] (V); G. Braun s.n. [Braunschweig] (La); Herb. Bernhardi s. n. (B); Herb. Hort. Berol. s.n. [1806-12] (B), s.n. (B, B, B, S). 508 Po Yt) ie OG, Gxt ok Vol. 5, nOw 20 Author Index to Volume Five Fosberg, F. R. —- 289 Harkness, B. -- 233 Laughlin, kK. -— 121 NeClure, F. A. -- 81 voldenke, H. Ne -- 5, 6, 65” Nonachino, J. V. — 2, 18h, 231 -- 50, 292, 537, h65 Oswald, Fo We Slavin, B.- ie 1 7, 22, 31, 52, 61, 83, 93, 9h 112, 132, 15h, 1u2, 186; 228, 230, 257, 293, 338, 3h2, 105 313, Smith, L. B. -- 33, 177, 281, 394, Wurdack, de da 53, ADT Index to Supra=-specific Scientific Names in Volume Five Acanthaceae -- ) Acer —— 1, 233-255 Acisanthera -- 131 Adenocalymna -- 153 Aechmea -- 282 Aegiphila -- 95, 96, 151-153, 225, 363, 13h; Agavaceae -- 32 Aglaia -- 152 Agno Casto -- 165 Agnus —- y= 165, 192, 196 Agnus castus -- 16, 465, 175, 139, 191, 502 Aenus-castus -- 145, 147, 165, fe 100s 505 Allardtia -- 0, 399 Allasia — 145, 19 Allazia -- 19 Aloysia -- 31, 95, 96, 10) Alternanthera -- 13) Amaracarous -- 291 Amaryllidaceae -- 32 Amblyrrhena -- 127, 129 Amygdalus -- 229 Antirrhinum -- 6) Araliaceae -- 153 Arcytophyllum -- 2-5 Arrabidaea -- 151-153, 315, 353, 362 arthrostylidium -- 31, 82 Asparagus -- 32 Aspidiotus -- 318 Avicennia -- 2h, 363 Avicenniaceae -- 22, 62, 9h, 112 Axillares — 17 Azalea —- 338 Pasella -- 6) Belmontia -- 339 Bemnosi —- 36 Bergia -- 18-186, 231 Besleria -- 69 Bignonia -—- 69 Bignoniaceae -- 150-153, 263, 301, 326, 469, 178 Blaeria -- 31 Blairia -- 31, 75, 78, 107 Bouchea -- 6, 7, 22 Brachyotum -- 57 Brachystegia -- 324 Bromeliaceae —- 33, 35, 37, 39, 1, 43,45, 7, Ue yeas 173, 181, 183, 281, 283, 285, 237, 39h, 395, aot, 399 Buchnera -- 67 Bttchnera -- 67 Buddleia -- 151, 259 Buddleiaceae -- 93 Buddleja -- 170 pburseria -- 31 Cajatana -- 113 Callicarpa —- 7, 8, 10, 23-31, 1957 Index 509 100, 101 Diospyros -- 11 Callitriche -- 231 Diotanthera -—- 5) Galymega -- 1L5 Tigters — 77 Canthium -- 291 Dracaena -- 32 Capparidaceae — 213 Drepania —- 108 Caryocar -- 153 Duranta -- 2h, 26, 28, 31, 95, Caryocaraceae —- 153 Beis a) Ian wae Caryopteridoideae — 301 Fhretia -- 171 Caryopteris -- 152, 170 Ehretiaceae -- 151, 152, 171 Casarettoa -- 1h5 Elatine -- 18h, 185, 231, 232 Casimiroa -- 78 Bleagnum -- 165 Casselia -- 132 Elongatae -- 17, 307, 335, 357 Cavendishia — } mrilia == (939 Gercospora —- 18, 169 Ephialis -- 15 Chaenopleura — 130 Ephielis -- 1)5 Chlorophora -- 113 Ephi@lis -- 15 Chrysomallum -- 145, 117, 143 ranthemum -- 291 Citharexylum -- 2h, 95 Eriocaulaceae -- 22, 9h Clavatae -- 1h7 Eriocaulon —- 2), 33, 8h, 9h, Claytonia -- 50 98. 99=10dt 1330 ju ao Clerodendron —- 8, 132, 225 Ruagnus -- 1)7 Glerodendrum -- 8, 22, 2h, 26, Eugenia -- 281, 69, 178 25, 31. 53, 95, 97, 98, 101, umiconia -- 57, 58 10h, Be y\225, 276, 473, 506 Euphorbiaceae -- 151, 153, 159 Clidemia -- 131 Tutriches -- 147, 85 Cofassus —- 27) Buvitex -- 1h7 Colea -—- 149, 300 Fabaceae -- 153 Comolia -- 56, 131 Ficus -- 289 Convallariaceae -- 32 Flacourtiaceae -- 151 Cordia —— 151, 152 Garrettia -- 258 Coriolus -- 318 Gaultheria -- Cornaceae —- 152 Gesneriaceae —- 69 Cornus -- 337 Geunsia —- 3, 10, 28-31 Cornutia -- 95, 152, 153, 297, Ghinia — 77 317, 393, 476, 478 Glandularia -- 132, 133 Corylus -- 177 Glandulosae -- 17 Crataegus -- 121-126 Glomeratiflorae -- 58, 59 Cremanium -- 59, 127-129 Glomerulosae —- 147, 18 Croton -- 289 Glossocalyx -- 147, 18 Cuscuta -- 195 Glossocarya -- 301 Cussarettoa -—- 15 Gmelina —- 10h, 151, 152, 226, Cymosae —- 17 ieee Cyperus -- 32 Godmania -- 150, 152, 153, 362 Desmodium -- 153 Graffenreida -- 131 Diastema -- Greigia -- 397 Didymopanax -- 153 Griseae -- 17 Digitaria -- 289 Guadua -- 82 Digitatae —- 1h7 Gumira — ly 510 POH, YTD Db Oa ee Vol. 5, no. 10 Guzmania -- 178, 282, 397 Lycopersicum -- 290 Gymnosporia -- 290 Macairea —- 53, 5h, 131 Haemanthaceae -—- 32 Macracanthae -- 123-125 Haemanthus -- 32 Macrostegia -—- 15 Hansteinia -- Maerua -- 213 Haplotriches -- 17, 212 Maianthemum -- 8) Hechtia -- 395, 00 Mail-elof -- 201 Hedyotis — 3, h, 291 Mailelou -- 145, 201 Heliotropium -- 77 Vallotus -- 289 Heterotrichum —- 59, 131 Malus -- 123, 227 Hirtella -- 66 Mariscus -- 32 Holmskioldia -- 152, 259 Mastixia -- 152 Holmskioldiopsis -- 148, 391 Naytenus -- , 5, 290 Houstonia -- Melanolepis —- 289 Humiriaceae -- 113 Melanopus -- 318 Hybloea -- 117 Meliaceae -- 152, 258 Fiymenoptera —- 1,77 Melocanna -- 82 Hymenopyramis -- 339 Miconia -- 57-60, 127-131 Hypericum —- 170 Micropuccinia -- 76 Hypoxidaceae —- 3)2 Minquartia -—- 305 r Hypoxis —- 32 Mithridatea -- 153 Tatus -- 116 Nautea -—- 113 Inula -- 168 Negundo -~ 86, 91 Jacaranda -- 317 Neorapinia -- 225, 258 Neoseemannia —- 16, 300 Nephrandra -- 1)5 Nephrodium -- 368 Jatropha -—~ 307, 309 Jatus -- 116 Joannesia —- 153 Junellia -- 96, 30 Nothopanax -- 290 Kalaharia -- 132 Ochlandra --— 82 Kyllingia -- 32 Octomeris -- 59 Labiatae -- 62, 113, 18 Olacaceae -- 305 Lachnocaulon -- 9) eee Boe Lachnopus -- 318 ieldia -- Lagasca -—- 33 Clea -- 1,68 Tag ondit Ononis —- 168 Lagondium -- 36 ; Lagunus —— 502, 506 Ophiobolus -—- 18 eee 8, Oxalis — 153 amiaceae h, 148, 149, 171 Paepalanthus -- 2h, 95 Lantana -- 12, 22, als, SG Rs 64, 73, 95-99, 103, 132, 31,0 Pandiaka -- 339 Paniculatae —— 1)7 Larrea -- 108 Laschia -- 313 Panicum -- 289 Lavandula -- 172 Parallelae -- 17 Leucoxylon -- 360 Pekea -- 153, 368 Liliaceae -— 32 Periloma —- 77 Limia -- 15, 147, 261, 263 Pernettya —- }; Lippia -- 2h, 26, 95-99, 226 Peronema -—— 301 Loganiaceae -- 93, 151, 259 Persica -- 229 Lychnis -- 12 Petraea -- 261 1957 Phellinus -- 318 Phryma -- 31, 32, 62, 68 Phyla -- 22, 2h, 26, 31, 9h, By) 90 Phyllachora -- 318 Phymatotrichum -- 143, 169 Phytarrhiza -- 399 Pilosae -- 17 | Piper -—- 15h, 165 Pistacio Vitex -- 15 Pitcairnia -- 33-35, h-l6, 177-179, 182, 183, 396 Pityrodia —- 10h Plicatura -~ 318 Polyporus -- 318 Polyscias -- 290 Poterium -- 168 Pourretia -- 3) Premna -- 9, 11-21, 23-31, 85-89, 99-10), 13-139, 11, a5e@, 258 Prina -- 32, 75 Priva — 22, 26, 31, 61-73, 75-79,.95, 98, 105, 107-111 Prunus — 20, 90, 229, 230, L477, 482 Prunygdalus -- 90 Pseuderanthenum -- 290, 291 Pseudobasleria -- 16 Pseudocarpidium -- 151, 152 Pseuco-Catopsis -—- 2 Pseucosasa — 52 Psilogyne -- 15 Psychotria -- 259, 291 Pucciniastrum — 91 Punctatae -- 121, 125 Purpurella -- 56 Puya —- 33-35, 37, 5, i7-lg, F150; 182, 183, 397, 398, 400 Pyrausta — 313 Pyrostoma -- 145, 147, 18 Quadrilobatae -- 17 Juercus -- 116 Quinquelobatae -- 17 Randia -- 291 Rapinia -- 225 Reticulatae -- 1h7 Rhamnostiphus -- 1)6 Rhodocolea -- 1h9, 301 Index 511 Rhododendron -- 338 Rhus —— 432_ Ricinodendron -- 151 Ronnbergia -- 283 Rosa -- 90 Rubiaceae —-— 259 Rubiginosae -- 147, 85 Rudbeckia -—- 292, 293 Sacoglottis — 113 Saissetia -- 200, 203 Saldauhaea -- 310 Sdlicaceae -- 171 Salix -- 171 Salvia -- 65, 77, 78, 170 Sandemania -- 53, 5h Sapindaceae -- 152 Schlegelia -- 153 Schobera -- 77 Scorodinia -- 78 Scorodonia -- 31 Scrophularia -- 70 Scrophulariaceae -- 153 Setilobus -- 153 Simplices -- 17 Simplicifoliae -- 17, 218 Smilacaceae -- 32 Smilax — 32 Solanum -- 290 Sopubia -- 339 Sphenoclea -- 18), 185 Sphenodesme -- 65 Stachytarpheta — 6, 22, 95-97, 1 WE Ts Stemmodontia -- 292 Stilbaceae -- 22, 9 Stizophyllum -- 153 Streptium -- 32, 62 Stylodon -- 22, 62 Symphoremaceae -- 22, 9 Syngonanthus — 2h, 90, 91, 95- cD te Syringa -- 31 Tabebuia -- 152, 153, 317, 478 Tagetes -- 92 Tamonea -- 70, 77 Tamonia -- 75 Tanaecium -- 154, 315, 317 Tecoma -- 73 Tectoma -- 113, 116 512 Tectona -- 112-117, 119, 13h, 139-12, 305, 335 Tectonia -- 113, 116, 10 Teijsmanniodendron -- 151, 152, Thryothamnus -- 96 Tibouchina -- 5-57, 131 Tillandsia -- , 36-2, h9, 177, Lol, 182, ‘281.283, 23h, 288, 39-00 Timotocia -- 132 Tocotcas—— 131 Toctona -- 116 Tonina —- 95 Tortula -- 32, 62 Tozzia — 72 Tripinnaria -- 1)5 Tynanthus —- 153 Uragoga —— 291 Uredo -- 18 Varangevillea -- 145, 300 Varengavillea —— 16 Varengevillea -- 15, 19, 300, 301 Vavaea -- 258 Verbena -- 22, 2h, 26, 31, 63, Sy Ba ay (ae iba os ee oP 92, 9-97, 107, 108, 132, 133, 227-229, 3h1, 3he Verbenaceae —- 22, 62, 75, 9h, 112, 118, 148, 189, 493, 50h Verbeneae -- 62, 113, 118 Verbenia -- 75 Verbesina -- 291 Vernonia -- 326, 65 Veronica -- 133, 13) Veronicena -- 133, 13h Viex -- 145, 190 Pre, te) Bas Fh Vol. 55 BOs uum Virtex — 15 Vitaceae -- 151 Vitax -- 33 Vites -- 165 Vitex —- 20, 26, 28, 98, 99, 143, 145-155, 157, 159- 161, 163, 165-173, 175, 186, 189-197, 199-215, 217- 257-261, 263-277, 2123 293-295, 297-303, 305- 309-311, 313-327 Se 3:3, 35> 347, <3sh9 351, 353-371, 373, 375-379, 381-385, 387-393, 465-69, 471-79, 481-187, 189-95, 497-506 Vitice -- 165 Viticipremna —- 152, 258 Viticis -- 165 Vitis -- 151, 15h, 315 Vitis-idaea -- 32 Volkameria — 269 Vriesia -- )2-lh, 281, 286, 288, 397 Wallrothia -- 145, 18 Wedelia —- 291, 292 Wollastonia -- 291 Xerotus -- 318 Yitex -- 15 Yucca —— 108 Zapania -—- 32, 70, 107 Zappania -—- 32, 107 Zinnia -—- 20 Publication dates of Volume 5 No. 1 — April 30, 195) No. 2 -— August 3, 195h No. 3 -—— November 23, 1954 No. -- January 10, 1955 No. 5 -- April 15, 1955 No, 6 -= July 17, 1955 No. 7 -- September 30, 1955 No. 8 -— June 19, 1956 No. 9 -- September 28, 1956 No. 10 -- February 10, 1957 PHYTOLOGIA is financed entirely by its contributors, each one 1¢ paying i 3 in advance for the entire cost of printing, binding, and distributing his ie ; 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