PHYTOLOGIA An international journal to expedite botanical and phytoecological publication Vol. 58 October 1985 No. 4 CONTENTS TURNER, B.L., A new scapose Acourtia (Asteraceae — Mutiseae) from south-central Mexico ............. ccc cece cc encccccceneeceees 225 TURNER, B.L., New species and names in Zaluzania and Viguiera (Asteraceae — Heliantheae) ............... 0... cece ccc cc enc ecencenes 228 ST. JOHN, H., Touchardia angusta (Urticaceae) Hawaiian Plant ASU UCESUN ho” OS Sa sl ESAS Dae apd aR RA MOR Lie ROSY LVLE Be Rot MME EAS SRA Lad 7m Pat JUDD, W.S., A revised traditional/descriptive classification of fruits for use in floristics and teaching «0.6.2.6 52.0000: Becks Meececrecccegens 233 HOLMES, W.C., Studies in Mikania (Compositae) — XIl ............... 243 - ROBINSON, H., Studies in the Heliantheae (Asteraceae). XXXXI. A new species of Aspilia from Brazil ................000600cc0eee- 245 ROBINSON, H., & KAHN, B., A new species of Stifftia from Cayenne (Asteraceae: Mutisieae) ..................cccceceeceneeeeeeees 248 ROBINSON, H., & KAHN, B., New species of Vernonia from Bolivia and Peru (Vernonieae: Asteraceae@) ...............00ceceeeee 252 KING, R.M., & ROBINSON, H., Studies in the Eupatorieae (Asteraceae). CCXXI. Additional species from tropical America ... 258 LUNDELL, C.L., Neotropical Myrsinaceae — XVII .............00.000c00e 273 MOLDENKE, H.N., Notes on the genus Clerodendrum (verenatear) VI te ie ts Ae Oe EO ae ye ee oe eee cg oe 279 MOLDENKE (ALL Bnok reviaws: 178). io MS ooh Nk ee ee a Oe 304 Published by Harold N. Moldenke and Alma L. Moldenke 590 Hemilock Avenu N.W. Corvallis, Oregon 97330 U.S.A. Price of this number $3.00; for this volume $15.00 in advance or $16.00 after close of the volume; $5.00 extra to all foreign addresses and domestic dealers; 512 pages constitute a complete volume; claims for numbers lost in the mails must-be made immediately after receipt of the next following number for free replacement; back volume prices apply if payment is received after a volume is closed. A NEW SCAPOSE ACOURTIA (ASTERACEAE-MUTISEAE) FROM SOUTH-CENTRAL MEXICO. B. L. Turmer Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin TX 78713 Recent collections from the poorly collected montane regions of south-eastern Pueblo has revealed the following novelty. Acourtia tenoriensis B. L. Turner, sp. nov. Fig. l. A. scapiformis accedens sed capitulis magnioribus campanulatis; pedunculis brevioribus; indumentis involucri densis ferrugineis tomentosis. Perennial scapose herbs 40-50 cm high. Stems single, terete, purplish, thinly tomentose to glabrate, arising from fibrous roots crowned with tufts of elongate, tawny, silky hairs. Leaves rosullate, obovate-elliptical in outline, 5-10 cm long, 3-4 wide; petioles to 1.5 cm long, tawny tomentose; blades irregularly serrate to 5-7 lobed, the lobes also serrulate, glabrous on both surfaces, or nearly so. Heads campanulate, 4-8 in corymbose racemes. Involucres 4-5 seriate, imbricate, 9-10 mm high, 10-12 mm wide; bracts densely brown-tomentose, the outermost lanceolate, 3-4 mm long, apiculate with claw-like appendages, the innermost linear- oblanceolate with rounded apices, often terminated with a short appendage. Receptacle plane, ca 3 mm across. Florets 30-50; corollas "blancas," bilabiate, glabrous, 7-8 mm long; tube ca 3.5 mm long; limb ca 4 mm long, the lobes 2.5-3.5 mm long. Achenes columnar, densely hispid, 5-6 mm long; pappus of numerous, ciliate, pale-brownish bristles ca 6 mm long. TYPE: MEXICO. Pueblo: Mpio. Tamazulapan, Cerro Pericon, al NW de San Pedro Nopala, 2460-2660 m, abundant in "Econtonia matorral espinoso-encinar. Suelo cafe rojizo sobre roca ignes." 21 Oct 1984, P. tenoria L. 7871 (holotype TEX; isotypes MEXU, to be distributed). A revisional treatment of the scapiform elements of Acourtia was last rendered by Turner (1978). He recognized 10 species. Since that time Rzedowski (1983) has described 2 additional species plus a new variety of A. huajuapana. With the present description 13 scapiform species can be recognized for Mexico, most of these centered in the drier montane regions of south-central Mexico. Acourtia tenoriensis is nearest A. Scapiformis (Bacig.) Turner, but differs in having larger, less peduculate, campanulate heads whose involucral bracts are covered with a dense, msty-brown 225 226 PaY TOL 86's A Vol. 58, No. 4 felt or tomentum. Their leaves, however, are very similar. In fact Tenorio collected rather typical A. scapiformis at least 3 times in the general vicinity of the type locality of A. tenoriensis (7871, 7826, 7939; MEXU, TEX), and all are very similar. Acourtia tenoriensis is strikingly different, and I have no hesitation in naming the species for its only known collector, Mr. P. Tenorio, a field botanist with MEXU, whose meticulous well- documented collections are a pleasure to work with. LITERATURE CITED Rzedowski, J. 1983. Algunos adiciones al genero Acourtia (Campositae-Mutisieae). Bol. Soc. Bot. Mexico 45: 97-102. Turner, B. L. 1978. Taxonomic study of the scapiform species of Acourtia (Asteraceae-Mutisieae). Phytologia 38: 456-468. 1985 Turner, A new scapose Acourtia 227 Veobik. Hegel Fig.| ACOURTIA TENORIENSIS, from holotype NEW SPECIES AND NAMES IN ZALUZANIA AND VIGUIERA (ASTERACEAE-HELIANTHEAE) . B. L. Turmer Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin TX 78713 Recent collections from northwestern Mexico have revealed : new species of Zaluzania, which I describe below. In addition, have had to rechristian my recently described vide lera cr th from Oaxaca, Mexico,there being an earlier descr fossil plant with this name. Zaluzania delgadoana B. L. Turner, sp. nov. Zaluzania m megacaphala accedens sed foliis parvioribus valde petiolatis, pubescentiis hirsutulis, capitulis parvioribus. Shrub 1.2-3.0 m high. Stems terete, brittle, densely hirsutulose. Leaves 3-4 cm long, 1.5-2.7 cm wide; petioles 6-10 mm long, hirsutulose; blade deltoid-triangular to nearly cordate, abruptly truncate to cordate at the base or rarely ovate and tapering onto the petiole, densely short hirsutulous on both surfaces, the lower surface very veiny and abundantly covered with punctate atomiferous glands, the margins inconspicuously crenulo- dentate. Heads hemispheric, 30-40, in rounded, terminal cymules, 7-10 cm across, 4-7 cm high. Involucre broadly campanulate, 2-3 seriate, 3.5-4.5 mm high, 7-9 mm wide; bracts subequal, lance-ovate (outer) to oblanceolate (inner) and somewhat trifid, densely puberulent and atomiferous glandular. Receptacle conicle, ca 2.5 mm high, ca 1.5 mm across. Chaff persistent; pales ca 4 mm long, pubescent, 3-lobed apically. Ray florets 5-8, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow, 5-6 mm long; tube ca 1 mm long; lamina ca 5 mm long, ca 4mm wide. Disk florets numerous; corollas yellow, ca 3 mm long, pubescent, the tube lapping-over and capping the achene. Anthers yellow. Achenes of both ray and disk florets similar, epappose, ca 3 mm long, glabrous. HOLOTYPE: MEXICO. DURANGO: Mpio. Nombre de Dios, Puente Nombre de Dios, a 47 km de los limites Zacatecas-Durango, sobre la Carretera que va a Durango. Matorral con Opuntia, Mimosa y Condalia. Ladera muy pedregosa y perubada, 1790 m, 6 Nov 1978, J. Garcia E P. y A. Delgado S. 873 (holotype TEX; isotypes MEXU, to be distributed). ADDITIONAL COLLECTION: DURANGO: Mpio. Nombre de Dios, ca 4 km W 228 1985 Turner, New species and names 229 2760 (TEX); 28.1 mi E of intersection of highways 40 and 45, along highway 45, 28 Sep 1984, Sundberg & Lavin 2903 (MEXU, TEX). The holotype describes the plant as a frequent "Arbusto de 1.2 m de alto, tallos principales partiendo casi desde la base...”. Gonzalez & Acevedo note the plant to be common, 2-3 m high, occurring in a "matorral de Juniperus, con Rhus, Prosopis y Condalia en las partes bajas.” I have retained the holotype several years now thinking this might be an aberrant specimen of the widespread, highly variable, Viguiera dentata (Cav.) Spreng. with epappose achenes. The arrival of two additional collections from approximately the same area convinced me that it was an undescribed taxon, perhaps belonging to Viguiera, but on technical grounds better placed in the small genus Zaluzania. The latter is kept out of Viguiera primarily by its pistillate fertile ray florets, those of Viguiera possessing sterile achenes. If positioned in Viguiera, it would fit most comfortably in the Section Chloracra near or in the series Pinnatilobatae (Blake, 1918). Olsen (1979), in his monograph of the genus, also reckoned Zaluzania to be related to the Section Chloracra favoring the series Grammatoglossae since the species of that group show "a tendency for the tube of the disc corolla to become expanded to form a cap over the achene.” Such tendencies also occur in the series Pinnatilobatae. In any case Olsen transferred Zaluzania grayana Rob. & Greenman, which has a "capping" corolla, to Viguiera, series Grammatoglossae, largely because it possessed sterile ray florets and a base chromosome number of x17. I suspect that sterile versus fertile ray achenes is but the expression of a few genes. The overall morphology of Zaluzania strongly suggests that it belongs in Viguiera, the present species, what with its Viguiera-like leaves, tends to bridge the "eye-ball" gap and it should be noted that occasional specimens of Zaluzania at TEX show neuter ray florets, and presumably sterile achenes (e.g. Z. megacephala Sch.-Bip.; Hinton 18621, Sundberg et al. 1903, etc.). It is a pleasure to name this species for Dr. Alfonso Delgado, ex-student at the University of. Texas and currently curator of the herbarium, UMEX, and among the first to participate in its discovery. Viguiera neocronquistii B. L. Turner, nom. nov. - Viguiera cronquistii B. L. Turner Phytologia 57: 494. 1985. - not V. cronquistii Becker, Palaeontographica 127: 126. 1969, a fossil plant. I am embarressed to admit that in describing V. cronquistii memory failed its function, for I was once fully aware of Becker's fossil name, having commented upon its possible validity, as noted by Crepet and Stuessy (1978) in their reappraisal of the compression concerned. 230 Pht TO OGedA Vol. 58, No. 4 But perhaps my subconscious would not permit me to acknowledge a fossil Cronquist! He's living and well as we all know, hence the more appropriate, neocronquistii. I am grateful to Tod Stuessy, my ex-student, who called the error to my attention without the least hint of a snicker. LITERATURE CITED Blake, S. F. 1918. A revision of the genus Viguiera. Coutr. Gray Herb. 54: 1-205. Crepet, W. L. and T. F. Stuessy. 1978. A reinvestigation of the fossil Viguiera cronquistii (Compositae). Brittonia 30: 483- 491. Olsen, J. S. 1979. Systematics of Zaluzania (Asteraceae- Heliantheae). Rhodora 81: 449-500. Touchardia angusta (Urticaceae) Hawaiian Plant Studies 128 Harold St. John Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii The genus Touchardia of the Urticaceae has been con- sidered monotypicand with its only species, T. latifolia Gaud., occurring on all the major Hawaiian Islands. Its stem contains a tube of long, pliant, long lasting fibers. These were prized and much_used by the Hawaiian people who called the plant "olona." It is here indicated that a second species of the genus occurs on the island of Hawaii. Touchardia angusta sp. nov. Diagnosis Holotypi: Frutex dioecius est, illis masculis 1-2 m altis, caulibus hirsutulis, stipulis 4.5- 5.5 cm longis hirsutulis, petiolis 7-20 mm longis hirsut- ulis, laminis 13-29 & 5-11 cm chartaceis lanceolatis acuminatisjnfra in nervis puberulis, pedunculis masculis 10-25 mm longis, capitibus 1-2 cm diametro globosis, tubo calycis 2 mm longis, 5 lobis 2-2.2 mm longis lan- ceolatis, filamentis 2.5 mm longis, antheris 1 mm longis subglobosis. Diagnosis of Holotype: Shrub dioecious; staminate plants 1-2 m tall, mostly single stemmed, these hirsut- ulous; bundle scar solitary; stipules 4.5-5.5 cm long, appressed hirsutulous; petioles 7-20 mm long, appres- sed hirsutulous; blades 13-29 %. 5-11 cm, chartaceous, lanceolate or elliptic lanceolate, acuminate, the margins undulate or crenulate towards the apex, below puberulent on the veins; staminate peduncles 10-25 mm long, axillary; heads 1-2 cm in diameter, globose; buds 2.5 mm in diameter; calyx tube 2 mm long; 5 lobes 2-2.2 mm long, lanceolate; filaments 2.5 mm long; anthers 1 mm long, subglobose. Pistillate Plants: Habit similar; cyme 0.7-1 cm long; heads 4-7 mm in diameter, globose, green; flow- ers 150-200 in a head; each flower subtended by 3 bracts, the flower 2-2.5 mm long, whitish; calyx 1.5-1.9 mm long, oblanceoloid, the 4 lobes 0.7-0.8 mm long, oval, cucullate, glandular denticulate on the margins, the two outer the larger; ovary fusiform; in fruit the calyx becomes fleshy, orange, ellipsoid, berry-like, 3.5 “2.5 mm; achene 1.5-2.1 mm, discoid, beaked. Holotypus: Hawaiian Islands, Hawaii Island, Olaa, 15 3/4 Mile Road, rainforest, 1,800 ft alt., July 231 232 PHYTOL &T A Vol. 58, No. 1, 1943, H. St. John 20,343 (BISH). Type examined. Distribution: Hawaii Island, in rain forests from Olaa and Pahoa to Kilauea and Kulani, and in the Kohala Mountians. Discussion: Touchardia angusta is related to T. latifoliaGaud., of the Hawaiian Islands, a species with the staminate plants with the blades ovate (or lance ovate), acute, below the veins hirsute to hirsutulous; floral bracts 2.5-3 mm long, lanceolate, from a truncate base, entire; calyx tube 1 mm long, cupuliform, and the lobes 1-1.5 mm long. T. angusta has the blades lanceolate or elliptic lanceolate, acuminate, below the veins puberulent; floral bracts elliptic lanceolate; calyx tube 2 mm long, funnelform, and the lobes 2-2.2 mm long. A REVISED TRADITIONAL/DESCRIPTIVE CLASSIFICATION OF FRUITS FOR USE IN FLORISTICS AND TEACHING. ! Walter S. Judd Department of Botany, Uiversity of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611 Summary A revision of the traditional/descriptive classification of fruits is presented in order to reflect more accurately the great morphological diversity of tropical fruits. This is accomplished not only by broadening the definition of some terms, e. g., berry, drupe, capsule, schizocarp, achene, but also by the addition of a few distinctive fruit types, e. g., indehiscent pod, dehiscent drupe, and early-dehiscent fruit. Introduction The great diversity of size, form, texture and anatomy of fruits has long confounded plant morphologists, reproductive biologists, and taxonomists, as clearly can be seen in the broad array of fruit classifications (Baumann-Bodenheim, 1954; Egler, 1943; Gray, 1877; Janchen, 1949; Kaden and Kirpicnikow, 1965; Lawrence, 1951; Levina, 1961; van der Pijl, 1972; Radford et al., 1974; Rendle, 1930; Stopp, 1950; and Winkler, 1939. For various reasons these classifications have been only partly successful. Some of the problems of fruit classification are briefly discussed below, and a practical system for floristic or teaching purposes is presented. All systems of fruit classification must deal with several serious difficulties. First, and foremost, is the problem of the bewildering and often continuous variation of fruit structure. In fact, Van der Pijl (1972; p. 17) concluded that “the fruit is too versatile and has too many aspects to be divided into strict categories.” However, many workers have attempted to impose inadequate and rigid systems with mutually exclusive categories which fail to recognize the intermediate types (see Sattler, 1966). Thus if the fruit of Prunus or Nectandra is a drupe (i. e., fleshy, single “stone”), and that of Vaccinium or Solanum a berry (i. e., fleshy, many seeded), what is the fruit of Ilex, Clerodendrum, Psychotria, or Cordia (i. e., fleshy, several stones)? The results have often been artificial and inconsistent classifications which are not universally valid, or even useful. Additional complexities are added by the extensive parallel/ convergent evolution of fruiting structures; functionally similar lthis paper is Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Journal Series No. 4981. 233 234 P Hd WO L Oy G. doe Vol. 58, No. fruits have arisen independently in different lineages of angio- sperms from similar and different gynoecial conditions. Even other parts of the flower (or associated vegetative structures) -- in addition to the matured pistil -- may form a functional part of the fruit. However, the distinction between “accessory fruits” and fruits derived only from gynoecial tissues frequently becomes blurred. Certainly no useful distinction can be made when (fleshy to dry) accessory structures are completely fused to ovarian tissue as in those fruits derived from flowers with an inferior ovary, e. g-, the berries of Opuntia, Hamelia, Eugenia, Musa, or Vaccinium, the capsules of Lachnanthes or Couroupita, the achenes of Bidens, the pomes of Pyrus, or the drupes of Scaevola or Terminalia. This extensive homoplasy has lead to the frequent comparison of non-homologous structures and confusion in phylogenetic investigations. A third major problem with many fruit classifications concerns their temperate (i. e., European and North American) bias, with an undue stress on pericarp fruits. Many only slightly distinctive temperate fruit forms are given names (e. g., silique vs. silicle) while many more distinctive tropical fruits are ignored (see van der Pijl, 1972). For example, what is the fruit type of Adansonia, Crescentia, Kigelia (indehiscent, + dry, many seeded), Aegle, Durio, Theobroma (indehiscent, outer portion + hard, fleshy within, many seeded), Akebia, Tabernaemontata (fleshy follicle), Carya, Rhamnus (some) (dehiscent drupe), Caulophyllum (early-dehiscent), Heliconia (splitting into one-seeded drupe-like segments), Llex, Cordia (indehiscent, fleshy, with several stones), Litchi, Nephelium (indehiscent, fleshy, arilloid, one-seeded), Momordica (fleshy capsule), Persea americana (indehiscent, fleshy, one- seeded), Sterculia (carpels early separating into follicle-like units), Tamarindus (indehiscent, fleshy, several seeded “legume”), to name only a few? This temperate bias has hampered the teaching of systematics in tropical regions, and has lead to an incomplete appreciation of the diversity of tropical groups. Consider the various of fruit forms summarized by the term legume in the tropical Fabaceae. In working throught the problems alluded to above, morphologists and taxonomists have relied on diverse criteria in constructing fruit classifications. However, most fruit classifications fall into three general categories: (1) traditional/artificial systems--based on Gray (18/7) and widely used in taxonomy texts (Jones and Luchsinger, 1979; Lawrence, 1951; Pool, 1941; Porter, 1967; Rendle, 1930; and Smith, 1977), (2) morphological systems--popular in eastern Europe, (Kaden and Kirpicnikow, 1965; Levina, 1961), and (3) functional systems-— based on mode of dispersal (van der Pijl, 1972). It is beyond the scope of this paper to undertake a detailed comparison and evaluation of these diverse approaches to the classifications of fruits. However, a few comments are appropriate. Traditional systems emphasize pericarp texture and dehiscence; such systems are obviously artificial and have 1985 Judd, Revised classification of fruits 235 numerous exceptions since the few fruit types recognized are arbitrary points along a continuum of variation and have no necessary correlation with the morphology of the gynoecium (and associated floral and vegetative structures) from which they were produced. Such terms are useful in descriptive botany (e. g., in floras, keys, and for teaching but lead to errors in phy logenetic/monographic studies due to the arbitrary and non- homologous nature of the recognized categories. (For example, the capsules of Blighia, Casearia, Epidendron, Lecythis, Lyonia, Maytenus, and Oxalis, or the achenes of Bidens, Clematis, Cyperus, and Ostrya, have little in common other than a very superficial external resemblance.) In contrast, botanists using strictly morphological fruit classifications attempt to define terms with morphological/anatomical exactness, stressing a precise ontogenetic connection between flower and fruit structures (Kaden and Kirpicnikow, 1965). Such systems are useful in phylogenetic and monographic studies since recognized fruit types not only show less intra-category variability but also are more likely to represent homologous structures, thus allowing for more meaniful taxonomic comparisons. However, the number of fruit types characterizing the more “fanatical” and detailed morphological systems is often in the hundreds, leading to problems of communication. The usefulness of such schemes is thus much lessened in teaching or floristics. Finally, functional classifications (van der Pijl, 1972), although very appropriate in ecological studies, have not been widely used by taxonomists and are not adequate for conveying the form of the fruit. In this paper an artificial system of purely descriptive fruit terms is presented, based on the traditional system. A fruit is considered to be a matured pistil (simple or compound) along with fused accessory structures. Simple fruits (those resulting from a single flower) are divided into two categories: first, those formed from a single pistil (simple or compound), and, second, those from several separate pistils (carpels) of a single gynoecium - i. e., “aggregate fruits”. The individual fruits of an “aggregate fruit” may be of any of the basic fruit types given in the following key, e. g., follicles in Magnolia, berries in Annona, or drupes in Rubus. The important diversity of fruits seen in tropical regions has been stressed both by applying some definitions more broadly and by adding a few new fruit terms. The use of descriptive terms (e.g., drupacepus schizocarp, winged or samaroid schizocarp, one-seeded fleshy capsule) is also encouraged. The classification is presented by means of an indented key and a series of definitions. Although the System presented herein is admittedly arbitrary, the key and descriptions have proved to be useful in teaching introductory and advanced systematics in both northern temperate and southern tropical Florida. It is hoped that this paper will stimulate further interest both in the terminology of fruits and in the use of fruit characters in the teaching of systematics. 236 Pa Y TOE OG FA Vol. 58, No. A Key To Fruit Types A. Fruit the product of several flowers clustered in one mass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > . * MUTIPLE FRUIT (composed of any of the following fruit types). Fruit (if carpel solitary, or several and fused) or fruits (if carpels several and free) the product of a single flower. B. B. Ge Fruit not opening (indehiscent). C. Fruit fleshy (at least in part). D. Texture of fruit + homogeneous (except for seeds), fleshy throughtout. ...... +. «BERRY. D. Texture of fruit heterogeneous. E. Outer part of fruit firm, hard or leathery.. «. bRGUSRR4 RY SOS LE02aGK 51 sQaned ate Date CORRREE- (Including the hesperidium, pepo, amphisarca.) E. Outer part of fruit + soft. F. Center of fruit with one or more hard “stones” (pyrenes) enclosing seeds.... Bitte ic (iat erties tate: 6s be! a a a. DREPEs F. Center of fruit with papery or cartilaginous structures enclosing seeds (ovary, inferior) <: +) ..) s3 sn «Gj «> POME. Fruit dry. G. Fruit with several to many seeds. . «. « « «+ «+ « « ote: .@ ete a... Le) @ Wen ee Mp0) oe lie? + LEDER ESCENS. POD; G. Fruit usually only one seeded. H. Fruit winged. ... « « « « « « « « « « SAMARA. H. Fruit wingless. I. Pericarp (wall of fruit) thick and bony; fruit generally large. ...... . NUT. I. Pericarp thin; fruit smaller. J. Pericarp loose and free from the seed éekPSRSIUL SH oharere> seco teek MIRBICLEs J. Pericarp firm, close-fitting or fused to seed. K. Pericarp close-fitting, but free from the seed. .. . .- +» »«ACHENE. K. Pericarp adnate (fused) to the seed . 2 « + « «© © e CARYOPSIS. Fruit opening or breaking apart (dehiscent). L. Ovary rupturing early in development and subsequently withering, the seed(s) maturing externally. .... ek ot oe te) ahhel Sal epee! sate we ees ~KARLY DEBISCENE, FRUIT Ovary opening later in development, not withering. M. Fruit from a single carpel. N. Fruit dehiscing along a single suture... . Cie tale te. X abs tauhe. ok ete sr obese SPORLIGLEs N. Fruit dehiscing by two longitudinal sutures, or breaking up by transverse sutures. O. Sutures longitudinal. . .. . « »« LEGUME. O. Sutures transverse, the fruit breaking into one-seeded segments. . . ~- ~- LOMENT. M. Fruit from a two- to many-carpellate gynoecium. 1985 Judd, Revised classification of fruits P. Fruit with a dry/fibrous to leathery or fleshy outer husk that early to tardily breaks apart; center of fruit with hard “stone(s)” enclosing seed(s). ...... e e e e e e . i s s . - DEHISCENT DRUPE - P. Fruit lacking hard “stone(s)” enclosing seed(s); splitting open or into one-seeded segments. Q. Fruit splitting into one or few-seeded segments (mericarps). . . . . SCHIZOCARP. Q. Fruit splitting open and releasing seeds. R. Fruit two-loculate, the two valves 237 splitting away from a persistent thin partition around the rim of which the seeds are attached. ... . .SILIQUE. R. Fruit one- to several-loculate, the partition not persistent if the fruit two-loculate . a & . = . 2 . «CAPSULE. (The more conspicuous kinds are keyed below. ) S- Dehiscence circumscissile (split- ting transversely), the top coming OFfb Iltke Tiago os 6 8 eee « eCIRCUMSCISSILE CAPSULE (PYXIS). S. Dehiscence not circumscissile. T. Fruit opening by pores, flaps or teeth. U. Fruit opening by pores or flaps (often near the top) +» « « »PORICIDAL CAPSULE. U. Fruit opening by a series of apical teeth. ... - « « DENTICIDAL CAPSULE. T. Fruit opening longitudinally or irregularly. V. Fruit opening irregularly - « ANOMALICIDAL CAPSULE. V. Fruit opening longitudin- ally. W. Valves breaking away from the septa (parti- tions between the locules). .. .- ~SEPTIFRAGAL CAPSULE W. Valves remaining at- tached to the septa (at least in part). X. Fruit splitting at the septa. » « « «SEPTICIDAL CAPSULE. 238 Piethe¥ 720d OG cl of Vol. 58, No. 4 X. Fruit splitting between the septa and into the locules (chambers) of the ovary, or fruit one-locular + « « LOCULICIDAL CAPSULE. Definitions Achene. A + small, indehiscent, dry fruit with a thin and close-fitting wall surrounding a single seed. (Including the cypsela.) Examples: Bidens, Ceratophyllum, Clematis, Cyperus, Ficus, Fragaria, Medicago lupulina, Ostrya, Petiveria, Platanus, Psoralea lupinellus, Rhynchospora, Rosa, Rumex, Sagittaria, Trifolium campestre, “Vernonia. Berry. An indehiscent, fleshy fruit with (one-) few to many seeds. The flesh may be + homogene- ous throughout or the outer part may be hard, firm or leathery; septa are present in some, and the seeds may be arillate or with a sarcotesta. (Including the pepo, hesperidiun, amphisarca, and balausta.) Examples: Aegle, Annona, Averrhoa, Bumelia, Cananga, Citrus, Cucurbita, Durio, Eugenia, Litchi, Miconia, Musa, Opuntia, Passiflora, Punica, Sabal, Smilax, Solanum, Tamarindus, Theobroma, Vaccinium, Vitis. Capsule. A dry to fleshy fruit from a two- to many- carpellate gynoecium which opens (in various ways) to release (one-) few to many seeds. Such fruits may have from one to many locules; if two-loculate then the partition is not persistent. The seeds may be arillate or with a sarcotesta. Examples: Aesculus, Allium, Amaranthus (some), Argemone, Aristolochia, Begonia, Blighia, Campsis, Casearia, Celosia, Clusia, Couroupita, Echinocystis, Epidendrum, Eucalyptus, Euonymous, Geranium, Hibiscus, Ipomoea, Justicia, Lachnanthes, Lagers Lagerstroemia, Lecythis, Lyonia, | Maytenus, Momordica, Myristica, Oxalis, Pittosporum, Portulaca, Rhododendron, Swietenia, Triodanis, Viola. 1985 Judd, Revised classification of fruits 239 Caryopsis. Dehiscent drupe. Drupe. Early-dehiscent fruit. Follicle. Indehiscent Pod. Legume. Loment. Nut. A + small, indehiscent, dry fruit with a thin wall surrounding and + fused to a single seed (Grain). Examples: most Gramineae. A fruit with a dry/fibrous to fleshy or leathery outer husk that early to tardily breaks apart exposing one or more nut~like centers enclosing the seed(s). Examples: Carya, Rhamnus (some), Sageretia, Scyphosyce, Streblus. An indehiscent fleshy fruit in which the outer part is + soft (to occasionally leathery or fibrous) and the center with one or more hard “stones” (pyrenes) enclosing seeds. Examples: Arctostaphylos, Clerodendrum, Cocos, Cordia, Cornus, Ilex, Juglans, Licania, Melia, Metopium, Myrsine, Nectandra, Orbignya, Prunus, Psychotria, Rubus, Scaevola, Terminalia, Trema. A Fruit in which the ovary ruptures very early in development (due to the emerging seed or seeds) and subsequently withers. Example: Caulophyllun. A dry to fleshy fruit derived from a single carpel which opens along a single longitudinal suture. The seeds may be arillate or with a sarcotesta. Examples: Akebia, Alstonia, Aquilegia, Asclepias, Grevillea, Magnolia, Nerium, Paeonia, Sterculia, Tabernaemontana (some), Zanthoxylun. An indehiscent + dry fruit with few to many seeds. Examples: Adansonia, Arachis, Bertholletia, Cassia fistula, Crescentia, Kigelia, Medicago arabica, Thespesia populnea. A dry to fleshy fruit derived from a single carpel which opens along + two longitudinal sutures. The seeds may be arillate or with a sarcotesta. Examples: Abrus, Afzelia, Daubentonia, Delonix, Lupinus, Pithecellobiun, Tephrosia. A dry to fleshy fruit derived from a single carpel which breaks transversely into one- seeded segments. Examples: Aeschynomene, Desmodium, Sophora. A + large, indehiscent, dry fruit with a thick and bony wall surrounding a single seed. (Including the calybium.) Examples: Brasenia, 240 Pome. Samara. Schizocarp. Siligue. Utricle. Acknowkedgements PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 58, No. 4 Castanea, Corylus, Dipterocarpus, Nelumbo, Nothofagus, Quercus, Santalum, Shorea. An indehiscent fleshy fruit in which the outer part is + soft and the center with papery or cartilaginous structures enclosing seeds. Examples: Amelanchier, Crataegus, Pyrus, and most other Maloideae. A winged, indehiscent, + dry fruit containing a single seed. Examples: Ailanthus, Betula, Casuarina, Fraxinus, Liriodendron, Myroxylon, Ptelea, Pterogyne, Stigmaphy1 lon, Tipuana, Ulmus. A dry to fleshy fruit derived from a two- to many-carpellate gynoecium that splits into one-seeded (or few-seeded) segments (mericarps). If desired, the mericarps may be designated as samara-like, achene-like, drupe-like, etc. Fruits that develop from gynoecia that show postgenital fusion of their apical parts (see Endriss, et al. 1983) are not considered as schizocarps, e. g., Cynanchum (follicles), Sterculia (follicles), Ailanthus (samaras), Simarouba (drupes), Carissa (berries), Pterygota (samaras), see Gandhi & Thomas (1983). Examples: Acer, Apiun, Cakile, Cephalanthus, Croton, Diodia, Erodiun, Euphorbia, Glandularia, Gouania, Heliconia, Heliotropium, Lycopus, Ochna, Oxypolis, Pavonia, Salvia, Sida. A fruit derived from a two-carpellate gynoecium in which the two valves split away from a persistent partition (around the rim of which the seeds are attached). (Including the Silicle.) Examples: Most Cruciferae, such as: Arabis, Brassica, Lepidium, Warea. A + small, indehiscent, dry fruit with a thin wall (bladder-like) which is loose and free from a single seed. Examples: Amaranthus (some), Atriplex, Chenopodium, Lemna, Limoniun. I wish to thank numberous colleagues and students with whom this subject has been discussed. 1985 Judd, Revised classification of fruits 241 Literature Cited Baumann-Bodenheim, M.G. 1954. Prinzipien eines Fruchtsystems der Angiospermen. Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 64: 94-112. Egler, F.E. 1943. The fructus and the fruit. Chron. Bot. Fer SIE=4956 Endress, P.K., M. Jenny and M.E. Fallen. 1983. Convergent elaboration of apocarpous gynoecia in higher advanced dicotylodons (Sapindales, Malvales, Gentianales). Nord. J. Bot. 3: 293-300. Gandhi, K.N. and R.D. Thomas, 1983. A note on the classifica- tion of fruits. Phytologia. 52: 376. Gray, A. 1877. Gray's lessons in botany and vegetable physiology. 236 pp. Ivison, Blakman, Taylor and Co., N.Y. Janchen, E. 1949. Versuch einer zwanglosen Kennzeichnung and Einteilung der Fruchte. Osterr. Bot. Z. 96: 480-485. Jones, S.B. and L.E. Luchsinger. 1979. Plant Systematics. 388 pp. McGraw-Hill Book Co., N.Y. Kaden, N.N. and M.E. Kirpicznikow. 1965. A possible contemporary system of fruit terminology. Taxon 14: 218-223. Lawrence, G.H.M. 1951. Taxonomy of vascular plants. 823 pp. Macmillan Publ. Co., N.Y. Levina, R.F. 1961. (Russian title) On the classification and nomenclature of fruits. Bot. Zh. SSSR. 46: 488-495. Pijl, L. van der. 1972. Principles of dispersal in higher plants. 428 pp. McGraw-Hill Book Co., N.Y. Pool, R.J. 1941. Flowers and flowering plants. 428 pp. McGraw-Hill, N.Y. Porter, C.L. 1967. Taxonomy of flowering plants. 472 pp. W.H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, Cal. Radford, A.E., W.C. Dickinson, J.R. Massey, and C. Ritchie Bell. 1974. Vascular plant systematics. 891 pp. Harper and Row, Publ... N.Y. Rendle, A.B. 1930. The classification of flowering plants. Vol. 1d. 2. 412 pp. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge. Sattler, R. 1966. Towards a more adequate approach to compara- tive morphology. Phytomorphology 16: 417-429. 242 Pit TO eatin Vol. 58, No. 4 Smith, J.P. 1977. Vascular plant families. 320 pp. Mad River Press, Eureka, Cal. Stopp, K. 1950. Karpologische Studien I-IV. Abh. math.-nat. Kl. Akad. Wiss. Mainz. 1950(7): 165-210, 495-542. Winkler, H. 1939. Versuch eines naturlichen Systems der Frichte. Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 26: 201-220. Studi#e on Mikania (Compesitae) - XII WC Holmes Ficlegy Department. Northwestern State University Natchitoches. LA 71497 UEA Study of Seuth American specimens of Mikania has revezled one new species and a change of status for another. MIKANIA PERSTIPULATA W. Holmes, sp. nev Suffrutex volubilis: foliis ovatis. 5-10 xs 4-6 cm. apice caudatis, basi subcerdatis vel cordatis. marginibus denticulatis. capitulescentiis paniculatis; capitulis ca 5 mm Jongis; corollis ca 3mm icngis, dentibus limbi ovatis, ca. U.S mm Icngis, achagsnis Z-2 1 mm Iengis; pappi setis 35-40, ca 3 5 mm Iongis. scabridis Semiweody twiner Stems terete, sftriat#®, glabrat#; internodes 9-14 cm Jong. Leaves oppesite. 8-10 2” 4-b cm; blades ovate. palmately S (-7) nerved from the bases, the nerves puberujent primzrily near the besal third of the blade; surfaces glabrous. lightly glandular, prominently reticulate, the veiniets exserted from the surface; apices narrowed to a Jong acuminaticn 1-1. 5 -:m long: margins denticulate, the teeth S-10 mm apart; bases cordate to subcordat#, petioles 2-3 cm Jong, lightly crispead-pubsrulent oppcsite peticles connate with an entire-margined. elliptic-cvate Stipul#-like enation. ca 2.0%. hea, “Reser faces wetieviate. Capitulesence a dense thyrse. 10-15 x 4-5 cm &6ractez!] leaves Similar to cauline leaves, but reduced in size, branchlets terete, puberulent Heads ca 5 mm Jong, sessile in clusters at the tips cf the branchlets; exterior bracts lance-ovate. 1-2 mm leng. puberulent. Phyllaries ovate. 3-4 mm Jong, sparingly glandular and puberulent especially on the outermost pair: apices chtuse, puberulent; bases glabrous, slightly swollen. Corella ca. 3 mm Jong. lightly glandular, tube ca. 1 mm Jong. throat funnelform to semicampanulate, ca 1.5 mm long, teeth ovate, ca. 0.5 mm long. Achenes 2-2. 1 mm long, brown with white ribs Pappus bristles 35-40. ca. 3.5 mm Jong. white, the margins scabrid. TYPE: BOLIVIA. Cochabamba, Incachaca, smal] power station about 80 miles NE of Cochabamba. 17-00 S. 65-20 W, 6000 ft.. 16 Aug 1950, W.M.A Brooke 6717 (BM). The new species is the only known Bolivian Mikania with a paniculate capitulesence having enlarged stipule-like enations. Mikania leucophylJa (Rusby) B.L Robins. and M. fiebrigii Hiercn. are the only other Bolivian Mikania known to have enlarged stipuliform appendages, but both are easily distinguished from the new species by their corymbose capitulescences. Mikania comparapensis B.L Robins. appears to be a very similar plant in nature of leaves, stems, and capitulescence St 3S, however, a@ villous plant totally lacking stipuliform appendages. MIKANIA EURYANTHELA (Malme) W.Holmes, stat. nov. Mikania laxa DC. var. eurvanthela Melme. Svensk Vet .-Akad 243 244 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 58, No. 4 Mand). Sor. 3295337 1889 The name Mikenia Jexae DC. is censidered 2 gsynenym cf M angularis H. & B. (Holmes & McDaniel, 1979). a plant distributed in Peru, Ecuador. and Colombia. It is distinguished trom M euryanthela by its leaves which have much more pronounced and pointed basal lobes end achenes with scabrid angles LITERATURE CITED Helmes, W.C. & S§.McDanie!]. Notes on Mikania (Compesitae) - V Phvtoloegia 41: 183-197 Mikania nerstipulata W.Holmes. A. leaf: RB. head: C. flower and achene. STUDIES IN THE HELIANTHEAE (ASTERACEAE). XXXXI. A NEW SPECIES OF ASPILIA FROM BRAZIL. Harold Robinson Department of Botany National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560. Two collections have been obtained of an undes- cribed species of Aspilia from the Serra do Cachimbo in southern Para, Brazil. The species is described here as part of a continuing effort to resolve species concepts in South American members of the genus (Robinson 1984a, 1984b). Aspilia cachimboensis H. Robinson, Sp. nov. Plantae suffruticosae 2 m altae laxe ramosae. Caules fulvescentes teretes distincte striati scabro- pilosi et minute hispido-puberuli. Folia opposita, petiolis 5-8 mm longis; laminae oblongae plerumque 9- 22 cm longae et 1.5-4.3 cm latae base late rotundatae margine minute serrulatae apice acutae vel minime breviter acuminatae supra et subtus dense scabridae subtus in nervis densius scabridae et in superficiis pallidiores, nervis secundariis pinnatis utrinque ca. 5-8 erecto-patentibus distaliter sensim ascendentior- ibus. Inflorescentiae in ramis terminales plerumque unicapitatae, innovationibus lateralibus subfloralibus vegetativis presentibus; pedunculis 5-12 cm longis dense scabridis et puberulis. Capitula ca. 15 mm alta; squamae involucri exteriores ca. 6 foliosae late patentes 2-3 cm longae et 0.6-0.9 cm latae breviter acutae supra perdense minute scabridulae subtus palli- diores et dense scabrae et scabridulae distaliter sparsius; squamae interiores late oblongae ca. 10 mm longae et 2-5 mm latae apice late irregulariter rotun- datae scariosae extus superne minute scabridulo-pube- rulae; paleae ca. 9.5 mm longae in partibus basilar- ibus oblongae ca. 7 mm longae et 1.5 mm latae superne non abrupte angustiores, appendicibus apicalibus oblongis ca. 2.5 mm longis et 1.0 mm latis apice anguste rotundatis base ad medio minute puberulis. Flores radii ca. 12-14 in capitulo; corollae flavae, tubis ca. 1.8 mm longis subglabris perdense pilosulis, limbis ca. 14 mm longis et 5 mm latis apice breviter bilobatis in axillis basilaribus fasciculate hispid- ulis abaxialiter in nervis sparse puberulis. Flores 245 246 PRYT 8410625 Vol. 58, No. disci ca. 50 in capitulo; corollae flavae ca. 7.5 mm longae, tubis ca. 0.8 mm longis indistinctis glabris, faucibus ca. 5 mm longis anguste infundibularibus, lobis ca. mm longis et 0.8 mm latis extus sparse scabridulis intus margine et submargine longe papilli- feris; filamenta in partibus superioribus ca. 0.3 mm longa; thecae ca. 2.2 mm longae; appendices antherarum pallides ca. 0.6 mm longae et 0.35 mm latae extus glanduliferae. Achaenia immatura 4 mm longa albo- setulifera; coronae pappi ad 1 mm longae margine lobatae et setuliferae non aristiferae. Grana polli- nis in diametro ca. 30 pm. TYPE: BRAZIL: Part Cuiaba-Santarem road, km 883. Roadside on BR 163. Approx. elev. 260 m. Herb to 2 m; ray flowers orange to red, disc flowers yellow. 14 Feb. 1977. J. H. Kirkbride, Jr. & E. Lleras 2778 (Holotype, UB; isotype, US). PARATYPE: BRAZIL: Park Northern foothills of Serra do Cachimbo; BR 163, Cuia- b&Santartm highway, km 884; secondary forest by road. Shrub 2 m tall; ray flowers orange-red, disc flowers yellow. 11 Nov. 1977. G.I. Prance, A. S. Silva, HM. J. Balick, . C. Berg, 4. J. Henderson, B. W. Nelson, BR. P. Bahia, M. RB. dos Santos P 25211 (NY, US). One specimenis labelled as an herb and the other as a shrub, and it is presumed that the plants are subshrubs. The branching is apparently produced be- latedly from the bases of terminal peduncles. Also, the species, with its single terminal heads, seems to relate most closely to less shrubby members of the genus. The large, oblong, short-petiolate leaves with pinnate venation are thoroughly distinctive. Literature Cited Robinson, H. 1984a. Studies in the Heliantheae (Asteraceae). XXXIII. New species of from South America. Phytologia 55: 415-423. - 1984b. Studies in the Heliantheae (Aster- aceae). XXXIX. New species of Aspilia from Brazil. Phytologia 56: 262-286. 1985 & BY Robinson, A new species of Aépilia 247 PLANTS OF BRASIL Extedo de Pard No. 2775 Approx ely. 250 m ' ) Asp ha cachim beens WPnnsen Hele typo Herb to 2 mj ray flowers oranze to red, diss flowers ycllow. Roadside on “22 i143, cuiab2- Santéren road, Xa 883. J). H. Kuaxsaror, Ja & E Litaas 14 Feb 19/7 Fackd werk wepperied om pars by the bestiere Newemal de Preqene: ds Amarcns ond the Bland Rewer. bond of the S~ethermse bes sstwie Aspilia cachimboensis H. Robinson, Holotype, Herbtrio Universidade de Brasilia. Photo by Victor E. Krantz, Staff Photographer, National Museum of Natural History, A NEW SPECIES OF STIFFTIA FROM CAYENNE (ASTERACEAE: MUTISIEAE) Harold Robinson and Brian Kahn Department of Botany National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 20560. A specimen collected in French Guiana has proven to represent a new species in the distinctive Mutisiean genus Stifftia, the first species of the genus known to occur outside of Brazil. The new species has a large, colored, multiseriate pappus as the most prominent floral feature in the dried plant as is seen in the other three species of the genus. The reddish color of the pappus and viny habit are characters shared with the geographically closest member of the genus, S. uniflora Ducke of northern Amazonas, northern Par&, and Amapa in Brazil. The species is immediately distinquishable by its larger heads with three flowers rather than one flower. STIFFTIA CAYENNENSIS H. Robinson and B. Kahn, sp. nov. Plantae volubilis lignosae. Caulis in diametro ad 5-6 cm in corticibus profunditer longitudinaliter fissis in partibus juvenalibus teretes striati appresse pilosuli. Folia alterna, petiolis 1.0-1.2 cm longis; laminae coriaceae obovatae 7-16 cm longae 2.8- 3.5 ecm latae base cuneatae margine integrae apice breviter late acuminatae supra et subtus glabrae vel sparse pertenuiter arachnoideo-pilosulae, nervis majoribus supra anguste exsculptis subtus exsculp- tioribus, nervis secundariis paucis inferioribus valde ascendentibus parallelis superioribus sensim brachi- dromis, nervulis minute reticulatis utrinque prominulis. Inflorescentiae in ramis terminales pyramidaliter thyrsoideae, ramis subtomentellis, pilis base breviter erectis cetera abrupte appresse tenuiter arachnoideis, bracteis inferioribus breviter petiolatis in laminis late ellipticis 8-25 mm longis, bracteis superioribus minutis subulatis 2.5-3.0 mm longis sparse appresse arachnoideo-tomentellis, ramis ultimis plerumque 15-25 mm longis. Capitula ca. 3 cm alta et 1.5 cm lata; squamae involucri brunneo- violaceae 10-12 subimbricatae ca. 3-4-seriatae graduatae ovatae 2-12 mm longae et 1.5-5.0 mm latae apice acutae extus minute multo striatae glabrae. Flores 3 in capitulo; corollae tubiformes ca. 2 cm 248 1985 Robinson & Kahn, A new species longae glabrae, tubis ca. 11 mm longis, faucibus subnulli, lobis 5 linearibus ca. 9 mm longis ad 0.9 mm latis; thecae ca. 5.5 mm longae in appendicibus basilaribus ca. 1.5 mm longae breviter acuminatae denticulatis non papilloso-fimbriatis; appendices apicales antherarum ovato-lanceolatae ca. 2.5 longae apice vix acuminatae; basi stylorum incrassati; rami stylorum apice rotundati. Achaenia cylindracea ca. 9 mm longa subtomentella, pilis e basi breviter erecti cetera abrupte appresse tenuiter arachnoideis; setae pappi roseae ca. 100 ca. 3-seriatae plerumque 5-20 mm longae apice leniter tenues margine scabridulo-fim- briatae. Grana pollinis prolata ca. 62 pm longa et 40 pm lata vix papillata. TYPE: CAYENNE: Route de Saint Laurent & Paul Isnard entre le PK 70 et Citron au PK 118. Liane atteignant 5-6 cm de 9, tcorce crevasste longitudinalement profondtment. Feuilles alternes coriaces, glabres. Inflorescence terminale sur les rameaux lattraux; bracttes brun violact®, couronne de poils rouges. 7-9-83. G. Cremers 8153 (Holotype, US). stifftia differs from the related §. uniflora most obviously by the larger heads with three flowers, but also differs in its basically larger more obovate leaves, its broader achenes with more pubescence that is like that on the peduncles, and by the somewhat shorter pappus bristles. A microscopic difference is seen on the lanceolate basal appendage of the anther thecae which has only low broad teeth. The appendage of §S. uniflora is less tapered and is densely fringed with numerous distinct papillae. The new species is thus far known only from northern French Guiana, but is no farther from some localities of §. ywniflora than some of the latter's localities are from each other. Stifftia uniflora, originally described from the Rio Negro of northern Amazonas in Brazil, has since been collected far to the east in Amapa, and near the border between Amapa and northern Par& The range of mountains that separates the ranges of the two species seems to provide effective separation primarily by isolating the river drainage patterns of French Guiana from those of the Amazon. Maguire et al. (1957:388) mention some doubt that Stifftia uniflora is generically compatible with the other two species of Stifftia, P. chrysantha Mikan, and S. parviflora D. Don from farther south in Brazil, but they note that the alliance is closer than to other members of the Gochnatinae of the Mutisieae. There seems to be no reason to recognize the two 249 250 Pry Tse toe t's Vol. 58, No. groups of species as anything more than two subgroups within one genus. The pollen of the new species is basically like that of S. uniflora, and lacks the areas of thickened exine described for §. chrysantha by Carlquist (1957). Literature Cited Carlquist, S. 1957. Anatomy of Guayana Mutisieae. Memoires New York Botanical Garden 9:441-476. Maguire, B., J. J. Wurdack, and collaborators. 1957. Compositae. In The Botany of the Guayana High- land--Part II. Memoires New York Botanical Garden 9:366-392. 1985 Robinson & Kahn, A new species 25E BLS et ] HERBIER du CENTRE ORSTOM bp 165 - Cayenne - Cu-.3-€ n _ 153 date _ Ty“) | FAMILLE ah wort» Stifftig care anersis W Rewinar > Bake SE PRAT Oe LOCAL Linne atteicnant 5-6 em de ff, éoorce crevas- ade longi tudinalenent profondéaent Feuidllee alternee corisces, glabres Inflorescence terminale sur los runeaur letérauxy bractves trun violacé eourocane de pojle rouges yj.) s cle terse \* (oon t) Route de Saint aurent A Pas) Jenard entre le PK 70 et Citron au PK 11 ‘ ‘ UNITED STATES 3036656 Collection C.ch. SRS Det Bitwome covers EXONICA HORNCULIURAL COLOR CLBDL MATIONAL WERBARIUM : stifftia cayennensis H. Robinson and B. Kahn, Holotype, United States National Herbarium. Photo by Victor E. Krantz, Staff Photographer, National Museum of Natural History. NEW SPECIES OF VERNONIA FROM BOLIVIA AND PERU (VERNONIEAE: ASTERACEAE) Harold Robinson and Brian Kahn Department of Botany National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560. The following two new species have been dis- covered in undetermined material of Asteraceae from Bolivia and Peru. Vernonia fournetii H. Robinson and B. Kahn, sp. nov. Plantae suffrutescentes ad 1m altae laxe ramosae. Caules pentangulares dense breviter hirtelli et tomentelli. Folia alterna, petiolis brevibus ca. 8-10 mm longis; laminae oblongo-ellipticae 10-12 cm longae et 1.4-3.5 cm latae base rotundatae margine integrae vix recurvatae apice breviter acutae supra et subtus strigosae in nervis priminentibus dense sericeae, nervis secundariis pinnatis utrinque ca. 12 patentibus sensim ascendentiter arcuatis. Inflores- centiae abrupte late scorpioideae cymosae bractei- ferae; bracteae foliiformes sed minores 10-40 mm longae et 6-14 mm latae. Capitula in axillis bracte- orum solitaria sessilia ca. 12 mm alta; squamae involucri ca. 30-35 subimbricatae ca. 4-seriatae graduatae oblongo-ovatae vel oblongo-lanceolatae 1-5 mm longae et 1.0-1.5 mm latae apice late vel anguste rotundatae planae extus dense sericeae vel subtoment- ellae. Flores 20-25 in capitulo. Corollae lavandulae ca. 10 mm longae leniter carnosae extus glabrae, tubis 4.5 mm longis infundibularibus, faucibus 0.75 mm longis, lobis linearibus ca. 4.75 mm longis et 0.7 mm latis apice extus minime armatis; filamenta in part- ibus inferioribus reflexa superioribus ca. 0.7 mm longa; thecae 4.1-4.2 mm longae; appendices antherarum lavandulae acutae 0.9-1.0 mm longae et 0.25 mm latae glabrae; basi stylorum disciformes noduliferi; scapi stylorum in partibus hispidulis superioribus ca. 0.7 mm longi; rami stylorum ca. 3 mm longi. Achaenia ca. 1.8 mm longa dense sericeo-setulifera base glanduli- fera; carpopodia turbinata ca. 0.3 mm alta et 0.5 mm lata; setae pappi albae subdeciduae ca. 37 plerumque 6.0-6.5 mm longae apice leniter latiores in sereibus exterioribus palaceae ad 1 mm longae et 0.2 mm latae. Grana pollinis in diametro ca. 55-60 pm valde lophor- 252 1985 Robinson & Kahn, New species of Vernonia 253 ata, cristis altis minute multo spiculiferis, spinis majoribus nullis, reticulatis a Y. geminatis similis. TYPE: BOLIVIA: La Paz: Route de Coroico, km 64, alt. 2650 m. Herbacte de 1 m de haut en buisson. Feuilles alternes de 10-12 cm de long, acumintes, petiole de 8-10 mm de long. Fleurs mauves en racéme, cauliflores. 2/8/1984. A. Fournet A. F. 429 (Holotype, US; isotype, IBBA) The new species apparently belongs to the Vernonia salzmannii alliance on the basis of the cymose bractiferous inflorescence and the pollen. The new species differs from VY. salzmannii DC. by the blunter, less numerous involucral bracts and the much more densely pubescent stems and involucre. Actually, the new species is most obviously distinct by the more abrupt differentiation of the inflorescence. Perhaps the closest relationship of Y. fournetii is to Y. tarijensis (Griseb.) Hieron. of northern Argentina, but the latter has more tapered narrowly acute leaves and has narrowly acute, lanceolate involucral bracts. Vernonia sandemanii H. Robinson and B. Kahn, sp. nov. Plantae fruticosae ad 3.3 m altae. Caules brunnescentes teretes striati vix angulati appresse irregulariter pilosuli et sparse glandulo-punctati. Folia alterna, petiolis 1-3 mm longis; laminae papyraceae ellipticae plerumque 7-9 cm longae et 1.5- 2.7 cm latae base late cuneatae margine superne sensim breviter serratae apice breviter acuminatae supra nitidae plerumque sparse pilosulae in nervis primariis densius pilosulae in nervis et nervulis insculptae subtus breviter luteo-sericeae inter nervos et nervules majores vadose appresse albo-tomentosae, nervis secundariis pinnatis utrinque 5-6 valde ascendentibus. Inflorescentiae in ramis terminales laxe ramosae in ramis dense corymbosae in ramulis dense glomerulae, ramis dense luteo-sericeis, bracteis foliaceis solum in nodis primariis inferioribus presentibus. Capitula in glomerulis sessilia cylin- dracea 10-12 mm alta et 2-3 mm lata; squamae involucri ca. 15 imbricatae ca. 4-5-seriatae valde inaequales 1.5-5.0 mm longae et ca. 1 mm latae apice generaliter rotundatae sed in maturitatis eroso-fissae extus in partibus non imbricatis purpureae, squamae exteriores ovatae extus subtomentellae, squamae interiores facile deciduae lineares vel anguste ellipticae extus plerum- que glabrae superne leniter appresse puberulae. Flores 1 in capitulo. Corollae violaceae ca. 8 mm longae, tubis anguste cylindraceis 3.5-4.0 mm longis extus breviter stipitato-glanduliferis, faucibus nullis, lobis 5 profunde divisis linearibus 4.0-4.5 mm 254 PR YS Or Oe Vol. 58, No. longis et 0.7 mm latis extus apice in aggregis discretis dense glanduliferis caetera persparse glandulo-punctatis; filamenta in parte superiore ca. 0.6 mm longa; thecae ca. 1.3 mm longae base papilloso- fimbriatae; appendices apicales antherarum oblongae ca. 0.5 mm longae et 0.27 mm latae apice rotundatae glabrae; nodi stylorum distincti breviter cylindracei; scapi stylorum in partibus superioribus hispidulis 0.5-1.0 mm longi, pili apice rotundati. Achaenia submatura ca. 2 mm longa distincte 10-costata in costis breviter setulifera inter costas glandulo- punctatis; carpopodia breviter subcylindrica ca. 0.1 mm alta et 0.4 mm lata; setae pappi persistentes albae ca. 65 plerumque ca. 7 mm longae et apice anguste clavatae, setae paucae exteriores breviores et apice tenuiores. Grana pollinis in diametro ca. 45 um irregulariter areolata et spinulosa (Lynchnophora- type). TYPE; PERU: Huanuco: Carpish (above Huanuco), the rain forest, growing in semi-shade. Alt. 8500 ft. 8-10 ft. shrub with bright-heliotrope flowers. June 1938. C. Sandeman 219 (Holotype BM). The new species seems most closely related to Vernonia flexipappa Gleason of southern Ecuador and to Eremanthus jelskii Hieron. of northern Peru which has recently been renamed as V. shanynensis by MacLeish (1984). All have single-flowered heads. The three species superficially resemble Critoniopsis which has few-flowered heads with easily deciduous inner involu- cral bracts (Robinson 1980), but they differ by the lobes of the corolla being divided to the base of the throat and by the achenes being distinctly 10-ribbed with glands and setulae. The blunt hairs of the style branches are also like the subtribe Piptocarphinae to which Critoniopsis belongs (Robinson et al. 1980), but the achenes are not smooth and nearly glabrous as in members of that subtribe. The present group seems to hold a relationship to Critoniopsis similar to that of another northern Andean group noted by Robinson (1980). The latter group contains V. crassilanata Cuatr., V. neogleasoniana Cuatr., V. sparrei H. Robin- son, and V. trichotoma, having corollas deeply lobed like in the present group but with more numerous flowers in the heads and with opposite leaves. Vernonia sandemanii is like the Ecuadorian V. flexipappa in the more congested pappus with dis- tinctly more than one row of long setae and with the lower leaf surfaces thinly pale-tomentose and yellowish pilose. The Ecuadorian species differs by the pale involucral bracts and the leaves broadest at or below the middle with less toothed often narrowly 1985 Robinson & Kahn, New species of Vernonia 255 recurved margins and less prominent veins on the lower surface. Vernonia shaynensis is a more densely leaved shrub with denser, more abrupt inflorescences, more shortly petiolate leaves with somewhat recurved margins, more sharply pointed involucral bracts, and with the pappus less congested and scarcely more than uniseriate. The new species helps clarify the nature of a small group distributed from southern Ecuador to central Peru which had previously been known from only two species that were not recognized as close relatives of each other. Literature Cited MacLeish, N. F. F. 1984. Eight new combinations in Vernonia (Compositae: Vernonieae). Systematic Botany -9: 133-536. Robinson, H. 1980. Re-establishment of the genus Critoniopsis (Vernonieae: Asteraceae). Phyto- logia 46: 437-442. Robinson, H., F. Bohlmann, and R. M. King. 1980. Chemosystematic notes on the Asteraceae. III. Natural subdivisions of the Vernonieae. Phytologia 46: 421-436. 256 Pr PVPS) ee Gyan Vol. 58, No. 4 10 HERBIER ORSTOM.IBBA.L* Vez CP Ore comes sete ir PEN el! cy 63 36 , Cu! Sj we’ gkea 64-424 220657 WK Ge 1 2 .° . em buissron. Fenillesa al‘ ori 12 10-12em de 1on¢ ,PCUL in Cc ye dele o> S-tOmm Gc aur, e Flevrs preuves en ractre,ceulif) ores, Verneats Truceahii py aee 2 B.Kehn Aibkpe Collection A. FOURN BY Det: jo UNITED STATES 2990136 MATIOMAL WERBARUM Vernonia fournetii H. Robinson & B. Kahn, Holo- type, United States National Herbarium, Photos by Victor E. Krantz, Staff Photographer, National Museum of Natural History. 1985 Robinson & Kahn, New species of Vernonia 257 FLORA OF Fe wie No. Date +>. (73" Altinde +. “7% Cet hye ook wm Habitat ~~ ‘~ , ln ane § AA ee ERs 2723 = toe Bee “te. Ome . hare ow Description, ec. ~ - :amgp Stor l Vesa Economics Vernonia sandemanii H. Robinson & B. Kahn, Holotype, British Museum (Natural History). STUDIES IN THE EUPATORIEAE (ASTERACEAE). CCXXI1. ADDITIONAL SPECIES FROM TROPICAL AMERICA. R. M. King and H. Robinson Department of Botany National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560. Specimens sent on loan and materials sent for identification continue to furnish examples of species that are undescribed or in need of transfer to other genera. The present paper offers descriptions of two species in each of Ageratina, Critonia, and Neomirandea, and a single species of Mikania. Also necessary is the following new combination in Ophryosporus. Ophryosporus heptanthus (Sch.Bip. ex Wedd.) R. M. King & H. Robinson, comb. nov. Basionym, Eupatorium origanoides Meyen & Walp., Nov. Act. Acad. Caes.- Leopoid §19, aupp!l. fT. 257..1543¢2not £. origanoides Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, 1818 (now Cronquistianthus). Syn. Ophryosporus origanoides Seren. , Bets Janrb. 2259707 ..1897. When B. L. Robinson (1920: 27) placed Eupatorium heptanthum Sch. Bip. ex Wedd. in synonymy, he over- looked the fact that the common Meyen and Walpers name was a later homonym. The latter name was validated at the time of its transfer into Ophryosporus in 1897, but that was long after the date of validation of the synonym. Ageratina contigua R. M. King & H. Robinson, sp. nov. Plantae fruticosae 1.0-1.2 m altae laxe ramosae. Caules fulvescentes teretes vel subhexagonales glabri. Folia opposita sessilia; laminae anguste oblongo- lanceolatae 2.7-11.1 cm longae et 0.6-6.6 cm latae base truncato-rotundatae subamplexicaules margine supra basem crenato-serrulatae apice anguste acutae supra glabrae subtus in nervulis sparse appresse pilosulae, nervis secundariis inferioribus pinnatus brevioribus congestioribus patentioribus supra mediam ascendentioribus et remotioribus, nervulis trans- lucentiter pellucido-reticulatis. Inflorescentiae in ramis terminales in axillis inferioribus foliiferae corymboso-paniculatae, ramis et ramulis tenuibus 258 1985 King & Robinson, Additional species 259 puberulis, ramulis ultimis 5.5-9.0 mm longis. Capitula ca. 8 mm alta et madida 2-3 mm lata; squamae involucri pallide virides ca. 12 eximbricatae plerunm- que ca. 5 mm longae et 0.75 mm latae exteriores breviores 3-4 mm longae omnino anguste acutae extus supra basem glabrae distincte bicostatae. Flores ca. 6 in capitulo; corollae albae ca. 5 mm longae, tubis tenuibus ca. 2 mm longis glabris, faucibus anguste campanulatis ca. 2.5 mm longis glabris, lobis trian- gularibus ca. 0.9 mm longis et 0.6 mm latis extus pauce puberulis; filamenta in parte superiore ca. 0.35 mm longa; thecae ca. 1.2 mm longae; appendices anther- arum ca. 0.25 mm longae et 0.15 mm latae; rami stylrum interne glanduliferi; achaenia 1.5-1.8 mm longa ali- quantum fusiformia superne et in costis breviter set- ulifera; carpopodia breviter cylindrica ca. 0.12 mm lata et 0.23 mm lata, cellulis elongatis; setae pappi ca. 20 facile deciduae plerumque 4.0-4.5 mm longae. Grana pollinis in diametro ca. 27 un. TYPE: COSTA RICA: Puntarenas: Cordillera de Talamanca, 1-3 airline km S of the peak of Cerro Echandi; 9°00°% 30"- 9°01% 30" N, 82°49" W; elev. 2500- 2800 m. Quercus forest with Chusquea understory. Shrub 1 - 1 1/2 m tall; florets white. 9 Mar. 1984. G. Davidse, 1. D. Gomez, G. Herrera, C. R. Chacon, l. & A. Chac6n 25504 (Holotype MO). The species has a superficial resemblance to the poorly known Ageratina tonduzii (Klatt) K. & R. of Costa Rica but is thoroughly distinct by the sessile leaves and slender pedicels and involucral bracts of the inflorescence. The species is distinct from its relatives and unusual in the subgenus by the few flowers in its heads, the sparse hairs on its corolla lobes, the shortness of its carpopodium, and by the series of small glands on the inner surface of the style branches. The latter have thin-walled basal cells and thicker-walled terminal cells. Ageratina (Neogreenella) breedlovei R. M. King and H. Robinson, sp. nov. Plantae fruticosae ca. 1.3 m altae laxe ramosae. Caules brunnescentes teretes leniter striati glabri. Folia opposita, petiolis 4-9 mm longis; laminae ovato- lanceolatae 5.5-8.5 cm longae et 1.3-3.0 cm latae base obtusae vel subrotundatae margine dense minute serru- latae apice anguste acutae supra et subtus glabrae, nervis primariis subtus valde prominentibus, nervis secundariis pinnatis vix prominulis numerosis, nervu- lis translucentiter pellucido-reticulatis. Inflores- centiae in ramis terminales in nodis inferioribus foliiferae thyrsoideo-paniculatae, ramis corymbosis 260 Par Fret ee i an Vol. 58, No. glabris, ramulis ultimis 3-7 mm longis. Capitula ca. 13 mm alta et 3-4 mm lata; squamae involucri rubescen- tes ca. 10 eximbricatae longiores lineares ad 7.5 mm longae et 1 mm latae exteriores breviores 1-2 lanceo- latae ca. 2 mm longae omnino apice denticulatae et breiter apiculatae extus multo minute glandulo-punct- atae. Flores ca. 8 in capitulo; corollae pallidae distaliter lavandulae anguste infundibulares ca. ?7. mm longae extus glabrae, tubis angustioribus ca. 2. mm longis, faucibus ca. 2.5 mm longis, lobis ca. 0. mm longis et 0.6 mm latis; filamenta in parte superiore ca. 0.5 mm longa; thecae ca. 2.4 mm longae; appendices antherarum 0.45 mm longae et 0.25 mm latae; rami stylorum non glanduliferi; achaenia ca. 2.5 mm longa superne setulifera inferne in costis scabridu- lae; carpopodia breviter rotundata ca. 0.1 mm alta et 0.25 mm lata, cellulis quadratis; setae pappi ca. 40 pallide rufescentes plerumque 5.0-5.5 mm longae et in apicem vix vel non latiores, setae interspersae 1-3 mm breviores et distaliter tenuiores. Grana pollinis in diametro ca. 27 um. TYPE; MEXICO: Guerrero: 1-3 km northwest of Puerto El Gallo, ridge with forest of Pinus, Quercus, Ostrya and Carpinus, elev. 2500-2750 m. Shrub 4 feet tall, flowers lavender. 11 Nov. 1973. D.-E. Breedlove 3606/7 (Holotype CAS). The new species is distinquished by the pinnately veined, non-glanduliferous leaves with pellucid veins. Closest resemblance and possible closest relationship is to A. cronquistii K. & R., but the latter has more narrowly acuminate, glanduliferous leaves that are distinctly trinervate at the base of the blade. On the basis of the leaf and inflorecence shape the relationship to the pinnately veined A. ligustrina (DC.) K. & R. is much more remote. 3 5 9 Critonia breedlowei R. M. King & H. Robinson, sp. nov. Plantae fruticosae 5 m altae laxe ramosae, Caules fulescentes hexagonales glabri. Folia oppos- ita, petiolis 1.3-1.5 cm longis; laminae ovato-lanceo- latae 13.0-19.2 cm longae et 4.5-5.2 cm latae base acutae margine serrulatae apice anguste leniter acumi- NMatae supra et subtus glabrae interne distincte pellu- cide punctatae et lineatae, nervis secundariis pinnatis utrinque ca. 9. Inflorescentiae in ramis terminales pyramidaliter paniculatae, ramis sparse appresse puberulis. Capitula in fasciculis sessilia cylindrica ca, 8 mm alta et 3 mm lata; squamae involu- cri ca. 18 appresse subimbricatae ca. 5-seriatae valde inaequilongae 1.5-4.5 mm longae et 1.0-2.0 mm latae ovatae vel oblongae apice breviter obtusae vel rotun- 1985 King & Robinson, Additional species 261 datae extus glabrae leniter ca. 4-striatae. Flores 5 in capitulo; corollae albae ca. 4 mm longae leniter infundibulares glabrae vel in faucibus persparse glanduliferae, tubis ca. 1.7 mm longis, faucibus ca. 1.7 mm longis, lobis ca. 0.45-0.50 mm longis et latis; filamenta in parte superiore ca. 0.18 mm longa; thecae ca. 1.2 mm longae; appendices antherarum ca. 0.25 mm longae et 0.23 mm latae; appendices stylorum distal- iter leniter latiores; achaenia ca. 3.25 mm longa base angusta in costis inferne et superne minute scabridula inter costas glabra; setae pappi ca. 30 ca. 3.3 mm longae apice latiores, cellulis apicalibus brevibus densioribus. Grana pollinis in diametro ca. 20 um Minute asperula. TYPE: MEXICO: Chiapas: From Chicharras, alt. 3000-6000 ft. Feb. 6, 1896. E. W. Nelson 3753 (Holotype US). PARATYPES: MEXICO: Chiapas: Volcan Tacana, Chiquihuite. 2800 m., 27 Mar. 1939." E. Matuda 2822 (US); Siltepec, 3 Jan. 1937. E. Matuda 850 (US); Municipio of Jitotol, Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacan, 5 miles south of Jitotol. Elev. 5600 feet. Slope with Pinus and Liquidamber along road. Shrub 15 feet tall, flowers white (CAS); Municipio of Villa Corzo, east base of Cerro Tres Picos near Cerro Bola along a logging road southwest of Colonia Agronomos Mexicanos. Steep slopes with Pinus, Quercus and Liquidamber and montane rain forest. Elev. 1500 n. Shrub 15 feet tall, flowers lavender. 9 Feb. 1972. D. E. Breedlove 24106 (CAS); Municipio of Motozintla de Mendoza, 45-50 km northeast of Huixtla along road to Motozintla, steep slopes with montane rain forest, Oecopetalum, Magnolia, Wimmeria, and Podocarpus. Elev. 1900 m. Shrub, flowers white. 17 Nov. 1971. D. E. Breedlove & A. R. Smith 22615 (CAS); Tree 20 feet tall. 28 Dec. 1972. D. E. Breedlove & R. F. Thorne 31003 (CAS); Southwest side of Cerro Mazotal, 11 km northwest of the junction of the road to Motozintla along the road to El Porvenir and Siltepec. Steep canyon, montane rain forest with Oecopetalum, Magnolia, Clethra, Pinus, Quercus and Symplocos. Elev. 2100 m. Shrub 15 feet tall, flowers white. 21 Nov. 1976. D. E. Breedlove 41607 (CAS). The new species is one of two described here that have been placed under a broad concept of Critonia hospitalis (B. L. Robinson) K. & R., a species that appears to be restricted to near its type locality near Orizaba in Veracruz. Of the two new species, C. breedlovei is more like C. hospitalis in the form of its corollas but distinct in the short pubescence of its achenes. The species differs from the following by more hexagonal stems, the leaves with more narrowly 262 Pee YP OD LOG Fk Vol. 58, No. 4 acuminate tips, and the more funnelform corollas. Critonia tuxtlae R. M. King & H. Robinson, sp. nov. Plantae fruticosae 3-5 m altae laxe ramosae. Caules fulvescentes teretes vel subhexagonales glabri. Folia opposita, petiolis 8-14 mm longis; laminae ellipticae vel elliptico-lanceolatae plerumque 8-12 cm longae et 3.0-4.5 cm latae base leniter breviter acuminatae margine undulato-mucronatae vel serrulatae apice leniter breviter acuminatae supra et subtus glabrae interne distincte pellucide punctatae et lineatae, nervis secundariis pinnatis utrinque 6-7. Inflorescentiae in ramis terminales pyramidaliter paniculatae, ramis glabris. Capitula in fasciculis sessilia cylindrica ca. 7 mm alta et 3 mm lata; squamae involucri 15-19 appresse subimbricatae ca. 5- seriatae valde inaequilongae 1-5 mm longae et 0.8-1.5 mm latae ovatae vel oblongae apice obtusae vel rotundatae extus glabrae leniter ca. 4-striatae. Flores 5 in capitulo; corollae albae ca. 3.5 mm longae breviter tubiformes glabrae, tubis ca. 1.5 mm longis, faucibus 1.2 mm longis, lobis ca. 0.8 mm longis et 0.5 mm latis; filamenta in parte superiore ca. 0.2 mm longa; thecae ca. 1.2 mm longae; appendices antherarum ca. 1.5 mm longae et 1.8 mm latae; appendices stylorum distaliter leniter latiores; achaenia ca. 3 mm longa base angusta in superficiis lateralibus et in costis longe setuliferis, setulis multicellularis; setae pappi ca. 28 plerumque ca. 3 mm longae et in apicibus aliquantum clavatae, setae ceterae breviores 1.0-1.5 mm longae et in apicibus tenuiores. Grana pollinis in diametro ca. 22 um minute asperula. TYPE: MEXICO: Chiapas: 11 road miles north of Tuxtla Gutierrez, at Sumidero, overlooking the limestone canyon of the Rio Mescalapa. In second- growth forest in tropical oak-forest zone. Elev. about 4500 feet. Arborescent shrubs about 4 m tall, flowers white. Nov. 5, 1965. A. Cronquist & M. Sousa 10499 (Holotype US). PARATYPES: MEXICO: Chiapas: Cerro Mactumutza, Tuxtla Gutierrez. 1 Jan. 1949. I. K. Langman 3818 (US); Al N. de Tuxtla Gutierrez, en selva baja caducifolia, hacia 800 m. Arbusto & arbolito 3-4 m. 18 Nov. 1949. F. Miranda 5734 (US); Cerro Hueco, al S.E. de Tuxtla Gutierrez, en selva mediana subcaducifolia, hacia 850 m. Arbolito de unos >m. 4 Feb. 1951. F. Miranda 6877 (US). Of the two new species, C. tuxtlae seems nearer to C. hospitalis in having dense pubescence on its achenes, but it differs by longer lobes of the corolla, the shorter thicker pappus setae, and the shorter appendage of the anther. The setulae of the 1985 King & Robinson, Additional species 263 achenes are actually different in their detailed structure, being longer with a number of cells in each row. The new species is possibly nearer to C. nicaraguensis (B. L. Robinson) K. & R., but the latter has very slender corollas with narrow lobes, Narrow achenes, and narrower pappus setae. The setulae are concentrated in the upper part of the achenes, and they are shorter with fewer cells. Mikania platylepis D. Don ex R. M. King & H. Robinson, 8p. nov. Plantae volubilis vix lignosae. Caules virides vel pallide brunnescentes hexagonales dense minute hispiduli. Folia opposita, petiolis 10-15 mm longis; laminae late ellipticae plerumque 6.5-9.5 cm longae et 5.2-6.2 cm latae base generaliter late rotundatae et in medio breviter acuminatae margine integrae apice breviter late acuminatae supra minute scabridulae et sparse glandulo-punctatae subtus dense hispido- tomentellae et multo glandulo-punctatae, nervis secundariis utrinque 3-4 pinnatis patentibus arcuatis sensim ascendentibus et conniventibus camptodromis. Inflorescentiae in ramis secundariis et ramulis axillaribus terminales corymbosae, ramis dense breviter hispidulis, bracteis in nodis inferioribus foliiformibus in laminis 3.0-4.5 cm longis et 2.2-3.0 cm latis. Capitula in fasciculo ultimo triplices sessilia ca. 11 mm alta 4-5 mm lata; squamae subinvolucrales minute subulatae ca. 1.0-1.5 mm longae; squamae involucri 4 pallide-virides subaequales oblongae 6-7 mm longae et 3 mm latae apice late rotundatae vel subtruncatae extus ca. 10-striatae superne sensim dense breviter hispidulae. Flores 4 in capitulo; corollae albae? ca. 6 mm longae extus glandulo-punctatae et minute puberulae, tubis 1.0-1.3 mm longis, faucibus leniter infundibularibus ca. 2 mm longis, lobis 5 ca. 2.0-2.2 mm longis ca. 1 mm latis; filamenta in parte superiore ca. 0.2 mm longa inferne 0.22-0.25 mm lata; thecae ca. 2.5 mm longae; appen- dices antherarum ca. 0.8 mm longae et base ca. 0.3 mm latae; scapi stylorum supra basem sparse stipitato- glanduliferi; appendices stylorum dense hispidulae. Achaenia ca. 5 mm longa 5-costata sparse glandulo- punctata minute puberula superne densiores; setae pappi rufescentes ca. 55 plerumque 6.0-6.5 mm longae plerumque leniter clavatae, cellulis distalibus apice rotundatis. Grana pollinis in diametro ca. 23 um breviter spinulosa. TYPE: PERU: without definite locality. Ruiz & Pavon s/n (Holotype and paratype BM). The new species, even though collected by Ruiz 264 PHY E0006 DA Vol. 58, No. and Pavon almost 200 years ago and given a herbarium name by D. Don over 150 years ago, seems totally undescribed. It is not represented in either of the significant treatments of Mikania for Peru (B. L. Robinson 1922; Holmes & McDaniel 1982). There seems to be no reason not to validate the D. Don name, M. platylepis, which evidently refers to the distinctive broadly oblong involucral bracts. The new species has the triplets of sessile heads, pubescence on the style shaft, and dense, very long papillosity of the style appendages that are characteristic of the Mikania guaco relationship which seems particularly well- developed in Peru. The species seems closest to M. speciosa DC. on the basis of the corolla lobes being longer than the throat, but the latter has an even shorter throat, has narrower involucral bracts like most of the genus, and has slender rather than clavate tips on the reddish pappus bristles. Neomirandea tenuipes R. M. King & H. Robinson, sp. nov. Plantae fruticosae epiphyticae subcarnosae dense ramosae. Caules brunnescentes teretes dense verru- cosi. Folia opposita subcarnosa glabra, petiolis subnullis ad 1 mm longis; laminae anguste rhomboideae plerumque 1.7-2.8 cm longae et 0.4-0.8 cm latae base cuneatae margine superne utrinque 3-4-serratae in parte anguste recurvatae apice breviter anguste acutae supra virides subtus pallidiores dense immerse gland- ulo-punctatae, nervis primariis laevibus, nervis secundariis indistinctis. Inflorescentiae in ramis terminales in axillis terminalibus fasciculate aggregatae, pedunculis tenuibus plerumque non ramosae 8-20 mm longae dense minute verrucose puberulae. Capitula ca. 8 mm alta et 5-6 mm lata; squamae involu- cri exteriores breviores 8-10 erecto-patentes vel patentes oblongae vel ovatae plerumque 2-4 mm longae et 1.0-1.5 mm latae apice obtusae extus prominentiter dense glandulo-punctatae; bracteae interiores 9-10 erectae lineares 6-7 mm longae et ca. 0.7-0.8 mm latae lavandulo-tinctae apice rotundatae subapice pauce glandulo-punctatae. Flores 9-10 in capitulo; corollae albae vel lavandulae anguste infundibulares 3.5-4.0 mm longae; tubis ca. 1.3 mm longis sparse glandulo- punctatae, faucibus ca. 1.6 mm longis, cellulis quad- ratis in parietibus non sinuosis, lobis ovatis ca. 0.5-0.6 mm longis et 0.5 mm latis extus superne per- dense glandulo-punctatis inferne glabris; filamenta in parte superiore ca. 0.35 mm longa; thecae ca. 0.5 mm longae; appendices antherarum ca. 0.1 mm longae et 0.2 mm latae; achaenia ca. 2 mm longa subglabra apice 1985 King & Robinson, Additional species 265 minime minute spiculifera base anguste stipitata; carpopodia minuta, cellulis 2-3-seriatis quadratis in parietibus non incrassatis; setae pappi ca. 46-48 plerumque 3.0-3.5 mm longae tenues apice leniter clavatae, setae paucae ceterae irregulariter breviores et apice tenuiores. Grana pollinis in diametro ca. 22 um breviter spinulosa. TYPE: PANAMA: Border of Chiriqui and Bocas del Toro Prov.: Cerro Colorado; road to Bocas del Toro; end of mountain access road, just above face of mine; 1600-1700 m alt. Epiphytic small shrub; flowers pink in sun, white in shade. 14 August 1977. J.P. Folsom G. Small & R. Robbins 4768 (Holotype US; isotype MO). The new species seems to be the most distinctive of those in the N. eximia (B.L.Robinson) K.& R. relationship. The branching is unusually dense and the leaves have the most marked serrations in the group. More distinctive, however, are the inflores- cences with long, slender, mostly unbranched peduncles clustered at the ends of the leafy branches, and the well-developed involucral bracts with differentiated broad spreading outer members and erect narrow inner members. A further difference from N. eximia itself is the presence of glands in the tips of the corolla lobes. Neomirandea gracilis K.& R., also from Bocas del Toro, is a member of the relationship having remotely serrulate leaves and glands on the corolla lobes, but the latter is like N. eximia in the form of its inflorescence and its involucre, and it has the glands spread over the whole surface of the lobes and upper throat of its corollas. The name of the species refers to the slender peduncles of the heads, but would also be appropriate for the stipitate bases of the achenes. Neomirandea ternata R. M. King & H. Robinson, sp. nov. Plantae fruticosae terrestriales? et epiphyticae subcarnosae. Caules teretes valde evanescentiter puberuli. Folia ternate verticillata glabra, petiolis 7-9 mm longis; laminae obovatae plerumque 4-10 cm longae et 1.5-4.2 cm latae margine superne minime denticulatae apice breviter acuminatae subtus dense glandulo-punctatae, nervis secundariis pinnatis utrin- que 6-7. Inflorescentiae in ramis terminales late corymbosae ca. 25 cm longae et latae, ramis ultimis 4- 10 mm longis puberulis. Capitula ca. 8 mm alta; squamae involucri 9-10 lineari-lanceolatae inaequales 2.5-4.5 mm longae et ca. 1 mm latae extus puberulae et sparse glandulo-punctatae. Flores 5 in capitulo; corollae lavandulae anguste infundibulares ca. 5.25 mm longae intus glabrae in lobis et superne in faucibus 266 Ph ¥ 5,0 & O46 1A Vol. 58, No. puberulae, tubis 3 mm longis, faucibus 1.5 mm longis, cellulis late oblongis, parietibus non sinuosis, lobis ca. 0.6 mm longis et 0.5 mm latis extus 1-3~-glandulo- punctatis; filamenta in parte superiore ca. 0.4 mm longa; thecae ca. 1.2 mm longae; appendices antherarum ca. 0.2 mm longae et 0.17 mm latae; achaenia 3.0-3.3 mm longa base et apice in costis scabrida superne puberula base carnose prolongata; carpopodia brevia, cellulis subquadratis 3-4-seriatis; setae pappi ca. 45 plerumque ca. 5 mm longae aliquot distincte breves 0.2-0.4 mm longae, longiores tenues minute scabridae apice vix latiores. Grana pollinis in diametro ca. 25 um breviter spinulosa. TYPE: PANAMA: Chiriqui: Fortuna Dam area, along Quebrada Bonito to E of Road. Alt. 1100 m; 8°45’ WN, 82°13°W. Terrestrial and epiphytic shrub; flowers lavender. 8 Feb. 1984. H. W. Churchill, G. de Nevers & H. Stockwell 4734 (Holotype US). The new species seems to combine traits of Neomirandea croatii K. & R. of Panama and N. costari- censis K. & R. of the Cerro de la Muerte in Costa Rica. The corollas have extensive pubescence as in the former but the leaves are glabrous, the stems only puberulous, and the leaves are ternate. The ternate leaves are like the Costa Rican species, but the corollas are more pubescent, and the leaves are larger and broader. The short setae of the pappus are rather obvious and may prove distinctive. Literature Cited Holmes, W. C. and S. McDaniel. 1982. Flora of Peru. Family Compositae: Part III. Genus Mikania - Tribe Eupatorieae. Fieldiana: Botany n.s. 9: 1- 56. Robinson, B. L. 1920. Further diagnoses and notes on tropical American Eupatorieae. Contrib. Gray Herb. n.s. 61: 3-30. - 1922. The Mikanias of northern and western South America. Peru. Contrib. Gray Herb. n.s. 64: 72-95. 1985 King & Robinson, Additional species 267 MISSOURI bars N® 3153482 COSTA RICA TSH COnPOSITAL fu Rpe Ageralina conligua Ri King >H kevinscn PUNTARENAS: Cordillera de Talearecrces 1-3 airline kr S of the peak of Cerre Ecingmi 9°OC*3Z0"-S°OlL*3O"*Ne B2°49'; elcv. 25C0-2800 m. Quercus forest witi Chuercqucc understory. Shrub 1-1 1/2 m tall; florete whitc. G.Pavidse+L.D.Gomezs 9 Nar. 1986 G.Herrera C.R.Chaconel.& A.Chaccn 255C¢4 MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN HERBARIUM (MO) Ageratina contigua R. M. King and H. Robinson, Holotype, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. Photos by Victor E. Krantz, Staff Photographer, National Museum of Natural History. 268 Pole Ye FQ ky OG. DA Vol. 58, No. 4 Umrram Srares Naterner HMammanre me Ageratina breedlave: A/iKing Py fe ee a eee HeleRype PLants oF Mexico ESTADO DE GUERRERO Evpator:s— we (dat @ ME Vang ‘76 -17) Flowers lavender. Shrub & feet tal Ridge with forest of Pinus, Quercus, Ostrva and Carpinus 1 - 7 km northwest of verto El Gaiio. Elevation 2500 - 2750 m D. E. Breedlove 36067 11 November 1973 Ageratina breedlovei R. M. King and H. Robinson, Holotype, California Academy of Sciences. 1985 King & Robinson, Additional species 269 yee Crilewia breediwe: RNKing » WM h.bmsem Me | Fy pe UNITED STATES NATIONAL MPRNAKIES. DRI ITE BY TH SMITHS STAN ENe tine Phew UNITRI HTATE BATION AL MERBA Kite Pe Cee TEs 1 Caras BERKS: ‘ : z — (££. - i 2 ek, Ain — a me S754 WNL MUR | witerter re Critonia breedlovei R. M. King and H. Robinson, Holotype, United States National Herbarium. 270 PW YAO; Lh 6 AA UNITED STATES 2586458 A Crifin.s haxte I lthag »W#Rbitecn Pele 5ng NATIONAL HERBARIUM Critonia tuxtlae R. M. King Holotype, United States National Vol. 58, No. 4 HERBARIUM OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL CARDEN Plaats of MEXICO Eupetorium hospitale Robins. CHIAPAS: In seoond-growth forest in tropical oak-forest zone at E] Sumidero, overlooking the limestone canyon of the Rio Mescalaps, 11] road miles north of Tuxtla Outierres. Elevation about S00 feet. Arborescent shrubs about a. tall. Flowers white, arthur Cronquist and Mario Sousa 10L99 Nowmmber 5, 1965 and H. Robinson, Herbarium. 1985 King & Robinson, Additional species 271 PANAMA COMPOSITAE Necwurandea Tterrtta PPh = BE bes Mel K se Prov. Chiriqul. Fortune Dam aree,. Altong Quebrade Ronito to E of roed. Alt. 1100 m; B8°45°N, B2°1S'*wH, UNITED STATES Terrestriel and epiphytic shrub; flowers lavender, 3036646 MATIONAL WMERBARIUM Miw. Churchttt, 6 Feb. 1984 G. de Nevers & HH. Stockwell 4754 MISSOUR! BOTANICAL GARDEN HERBARIUM (m0) Neomirandea ternata R. M. King and H. Robinson, Holotype, United States National Herbarium. 272 PHYTOLOGIA lf ? a ¢*%) cu 73 P27 20292. CEs ¢ Ede: . Lmrree Scere Nearmemar baseserves Mikeenra paty lepis D Dem ex RIT Key 2H Kabing er BRM Bese end BE Raw ees Mikania platylepis D. Don ex R. M. King and B. Robinson, Holotype, British Museum (Natural History). NEOTROPICAL MYRSINACEAE — XVII Cyrus Longworth Lundell Director, Plant Sciences Laboratory The University of Texas at Dallas Richardson, Texas 75083-0688 GENTLEA Lundell, Wrightia 3: 100. 1964 GENTLEA AURICULATA Lundell, sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbor parva, ad 6m. alta; ramuli glabrati; folia glabra, subsessilis vel late petiolata, petiolo late marginato, ad 7 mm. longo; lamina coriacea, utrinque venosissima, obovato-elliptica vel oblanceolata, 6—14 cm. longa, 2.5—6.5 cm. lata, apice abrupte subacuminata, acumine acutiuscula, basi acuta vel subcuneata; inflorescentia terminalis, parva, late paniculata, ad 3.5 cm. longa, lepidoto-puberula; flores corymbosi, 5-meri; pedicelli fructiferi ad 1.2 cm. longi; sepala late ovata vel ovato- rotundata, ad 2 mm. longa, apice rotundata, ciliata, apice minute nigropunctata; corolla campanulata, ad 5.5 mm. longa, tubo ad 3 mm. alta, intus papillosa, extus minute et dense lepidota, lobis glabris, late ovatis, 2—2.5 mm. longis, basi auriculatis, apice acutiusculis, pallido-punctatis; stamina profunde inclusa; filamenta ca. 5.5 mm. longa; antherae parvae, ovato-cordatae, ca. 1 mm. longae; ovarium glabrum; stylus ca. 4 mm. longus; ovula 12, pluriseriata. Guatemala: Dept. Zacapa, Sierra de Las Minas, middle and upper south-facing slopes of Volcan Gemelos, alt. 2100—3200 m., Jan. 26, 1942, Julian A. Steyermark 43277 (holotype, F; isotype, US; xerox and fragment, LL), shrub to small tree 4—20 ft. tall. Gentlea auriculata is a remarkable new species distributed under the name Ardisia venosa Mast. [Synardisia venosa (Mast.) Lundell] probably because of the tubular-campanulate corolla. The distinctive corolla is unique in that the lobes are shorter than the campanulate tube, broadly ovate and with small rounded auricles at base, whence the specific epithet. The species is notable otherwise for its firmly coriaceous glabrous leaves which are venose on both surfaces and resembling Gentlea venosissima (R. & P.) Lundell in this aspect. GENTLEA LANCIFOLIA Lundell, sp. nov. — Frutex 3 m.; ramuli graciles, minutissime rufo-lepidoti; folia parva, subtus minutissime lepidota, petiolata, petiolo marginato, ad 5 mm. longo; lamina chartacea, grisea, lanceolata vel oblanceolata, 2—4.5 cm. longa, 1—1.6 cm. lata, apice angustata, obtusius- cula, basi acutiuscula, revoluta, integra, punctata; inflores- centia terminalis, sessilis, parva, paniculata, ca. 1.5 cm. c74 PHYTOLEG GEA Vol. 58, No. longa, minute lepidota; pedicelli fructiferi ad 2.8 mm. longi, crassi; sepala parva, lanceolata, ca. 1 mm. longa; fructus globosus. Honduras: Dept. Intibuca, cut over cloud forest between Calaveras and El Duraznillo, cordillera Opalaca, alt. 1800 m., March 12, 1970, Antonio Molina R. & Albertina R. Molina 25547 (holotype, F; xerox and fragment, LL), fruits black, shrub 3 m., common. The species somewhat resembles Gentlea tenuis Lundell of southern Mexico. Gentlea lancifolia differs in leaf form and in its ashen appearance. There are only small infructescences on the type, and these are sessile with short thick apical pedicels. The indumentum is microscopic. Like so many Myrsinaceae, the description is based on fruiting material from which the relationship can only be guessed. GENTLEA MACULATA Lundell, sp. nov. — Arbor, 3—5 m. alta; ramuli crassiusculi, glabri vel parce lepidoti; folia glabrata, petiolata, petiolo late marginato, 0.5—1.2 cm. longo; lamina venosa, chartacea vel subcoriacea, lanceolata vel oblanceolata, 4—13.5 cm. longa, 2.5—5 cm. lata, apice acuminata, basi acuta, integra; inflorescentia terminalis, late paniculata, ad 5 cm. longa, lepidoto-puberula vel subglabra; flores racemoso- corymbosi, 5-meri; pedicelli graciles, ad 8 mm. longi; sepala maculato-punctata, ovata, acutiuscula, ad 2.2 mm. longa, hyalina; corolla ad 5 mm. longa, basi lepidoto-papillosa, extus basi minute lepidota; petala elliptico-lanceolata vel lanceolata, basi connata ca. 1 mm., supra glabra, apice acuta, parce punc- tata, stamina basi adnata; filamenta ad 7 mm. longa; antherae parvae, ovatae, ca. 0.7 mm. longae; ovarium globosum, glabrum; stylus ca. 5 mm. longus; ovula pluriseriata. Honduras: Dept. Morazan, mixed dense and wet cloud forest on mountain La Tigra, southwest of San Juancito, alt. 1800— 2100 m., Feb. 2, 1966, Antonio Molina R., Louis O. Williams, William C. Burger and Bruce Wallenta 16972 (holotype, F; iso- type, US; xerox and fragment, LL), flowers white, tree 3—5 m.; common in dense forest. Related to Gentlea micranthera (Donn. Sm.) Lundell, it differs in having venose leaves, some as well marked as those of Gentlea venosissima (R. & P.) Lundell, and in having larger flowers with the petals essentially glabrous on outer surface for apical two-thirds of their length. The surface of the smaller, narrower petals of Gentlea micranthera is densely lepidote-pulverulent to the very apex. The species ranges into El Salvador and Nicaragua with one collection in Guatemala from Sierra de Las Minas (F). Most of the annotated collections are in F with some duplicates in US and NY. 1985 Lundell, Neotropical Myrsinaceae The collections bear an old herbarium name, which is apparently unpublished. MYRSINE L., Syst. ed. I (1735); Gen. ed. I. 54 (1737) MYRSINE CHIAPENSIS Lundell, sp. nov. — Frutex, ca. 5 m.; ramuli crassiusculi, glabri; folia glabra, petiolata, petiolo anguste marginato, ad 1.2 cm. longo, crassiusculo; lamina chartacea, discolor, obovato-elliptica, 7—12.5 cm. longa, 3— 5.5 cm. lata, minute punctata, margine parce pellucido-punctata, integra, apice rotundata et minute emarginata, basi late attenuata, acuta; inflorescentia pauciflora; pedicelli crassius- culi, ad 2 mm. longi; flores pistillati, 5-meri; sepala parva, ovata, ca. 1 mm. longa, basi connata, carnosa, apice acutius- cula, parce nigropunctata; corolla ca. 3 mm. longa; petala lanceolata, nigropunctata, margine papillosa; stamina abortiva; stigma ad 1 mm. longa, lamellata; fructus subglobosus, ca. 4.5 mm. diam. Mexico: Chiapas, Municipio of La Trinitaria, slopes with Montane Rain Forest, east of Laguna Tzikaw, Monte Bello National Park, elev. 1300 m., May 13, 1973, D. E. Breedlove 35246 (holo- type, LL; isotype, Dudley 648133), shrub, 15 ft. tall. The flowers are described from fragments in the infructescence. MYRSINE COCLENSIS Lundell, sp. nov. — Arbor parva, ad 3.5 m. alta; ramuli minute puberuli vel glabrati, crassi; folia subcoriacea, glabra, longe anguste petiolata, petiolo ad 1.5 cm. longo; lamina glabra, perpunctata, anguste oblanceolata, 6.5— 11 cm. longa, 2—3.4 cm. lata, apice lata, apiculata, basi attenuato-acuminata, revoluta, margine integra; inflorescentia masculina axillaris, pauciflora; pedicelli crassi, 2—2.75 mm. longi; flores minute puberuli, 5-meri, fasciculati; calyx ca. 1.5 mm. longus; sepala lanceolata, basi connata, apice sub- acuminata, ciliolata, nigropunctata; corolla ad 3.5 mm. longa; petala basi connata, lineari-lanceolata, ca. 3 mm. longa, minute puberula, apice acutiuscula, maculata; antherae crassae, oblongo-ellipticae, ad 1.5 mm. longae, apice apiculatae; ovarium glabrum; stigma parva, capitata. Panama: Prov. Cocle, El Valle, Mesa, 6—6.5 km. from Main Street, ca. 1000 m., Jan. 16, 1977, J. P. Folsom 1352 (holotype, MO; isotype, LL), small tree of 3.5 meters; flowers pale green-white. The species has distinctive comparatively large leaves, narrowly cuneate-acuminate at base, mostly obtusely rounded at apex and apiculate. The entire blade is conspicuously black punctate. Its axillary staminate flowers are few and fasciculate. 275 276 P. WoW 7. 0 ft (OG gh Vol. 58, No, 4 Myrsine coclensis appears to be related to Myrsine reflexiflora Lundell from the same locality. MYRSINE COSTARICENSIS Lundell, sp. nov. — Arbor, 10 m. alta, glabra; ramuli crassiusculi; folia glabra, petiolata, petiolo ca. 7 mm. longo, raro 1.2 mm. longo, anguste marginato; lamina discolor, subcoriacea, elliptica, 6.5—10.5 cm. longa, usque ad 5.5 cm. lata, apice rotundata, minute emarginata, basi rotundata et acutiuscula, minute punctata, margine integra, parce pellucido-punctata, subtus reticulata; inflorescentia axillaris, cylindrica, bracteata, apice pauciflora; pedicelli ca. 1.5 mm. longi, crassiusculi; flores masculini 5-meri; sepala hyalina, lanceolata, ca. 1.5 mm. longa, acutiuscula, minute nigropunctata et lineata; petala lanceolata, ca. 3 mm. longa, dense nigropunctata, margine papillosa; antherae crassae, ovato-ellipticae, minute apiculatae, 1.5 mm. longae; stigma parva, capitata. Costa Rica: Prov. San Jose, along gravel road 2 km. N of Highway 12, ca. 10 km. W of Interamerican Highway, pine forest, elev. 2200 m., Aug. 14, 1977, Thomas B. Croat 43380 (holotype, LL; isotype, MO), tree 10 m.; inflorescences old (flowers fragmentary). Myrsine costaricensis and Myrsine chiapensis Lundell appear to be related, differing notably in leaf characteristics. MYRSINE GILLYI Lundell, sp. nov. — Arbor, 5m. alta, glabra; ramuli crassiusculi; folia subcoriacea, glabra, petio- lata, petiolo 3—6 mm. longo, anguste marginato; lamina pallida, oblanceolata vel anguste obovato-oblonga, 3.5—/7, raro ad 12 cm. longa, 1.8—4.2 cm. lata, apice late obtusa, basi angustata, subacuminata, revoluta, pellucido-punctata, parce lineato- punctata, integra; inflorescentia bracteata, pauciflora; pedi- celli crassiusculi, 1—3 mm. longi; flores pistillati, 5- vel raro 6-meri, fasciculati; calyx ad 1.5 mm. longus; sepala basi connata, oblonga vel ovato-elliptica, inflexa, apice rotundata, raro acutiuscula, ciliolata, parce punctata; fructus globosus, ca. 4.5 mm. diam.; stigma ad 1 mm. longa. Mexico: Nayarit, Mirador de Aguila, ca. 14 miles north of Tepic; fields and thickets above the barranca, and steep forested slopes within, elev. 450—600 m., Aug. 21, 1959, Charles Feddema 840 (holotype, LL), tree 5 m. high, ripe fruit blue-black. Nayarit, 14 to 17 miles west of Tepic along road over mountain to Jalcocotan; mixed, humid, tropical mountain forest bordering oak woodland, elev. 3000 to 4000 ft., June 24, 1951, H. S. Gentry & C. L. Gilly 10685 (paratype, LL, MEXU), small tree to about 4 m. tall, fruit black-purple. Nayarit, steep hillsides 2 miles west of Mazatan, region of red soils, savannah woodland, elev. 750 m., Sept. 17, 1960, Rogers McVaugh 19115 (paratype, LL), a small tree, occasional. 1985 Lundell, Neotropical Myrsinaceae The tree of Nayarit has mostly small very pallid yellowish leaves which are conspicuously pellucid-punctate with small rounded glands. It has linear glands scattered over the lower surface of blades. The leaves of Myrsine Gillyi have short marginate petioles, and leaf blades subcoriaceous and revolute at base. The yellow- green hue is rare among the Mesoamerican taxa. The pistillate flowers are not known, but fragments of the dried stigma per- sistent on fruits suggest that it is elongated and possibly laminate or lobed. The species is named in honor of its first collector, C. L. Gilly, a student of the neotropical flora who made notable contributions to the taxonomy of the Sapotaceae. MYRSINE JALISCENSIS Lundell, sp. nov. — Arbor, 5 m. alta, glabra; ramuli crassi vel crassiusculi; folia discolor, petio- lata, petiolo ad 1.3 cm. longo, anguste marginato; lamina coriacea, oblanceolata, 7—12 cm. longa, 2—4 cm. lata, apice acuta, basi subcuneata, minute nigropunctata, margine glanduloso-punctata, integra; inflorescentiae e ramulis breviter sed manifeste cylindricis formatae, multi-florae; flores pistil- lati glabri, 5-meri, fasciculati, ad 3.5 mm. longi; pedicelli crassiusculi, 1.5—3 mm. longi; sepala ovata vel lanceolata, 1—1.5 mm. longa, acuminata, parce punctata, integra; corolla ad 3 mm. longa, basi tubulosa ca. 1.2 mm.; petala anguste lanceo- lata, basi stipitata, apice acuminata vel acuta, intus minute papillosa, nigropunctata; stamina abortiva; ovarium glabrum; stigma magna, ad 3 mm. longa. Mexico: Jalisco, Sierra de Cuale, southwest of Talpa de Allende; southwest of the prominent peak called Piedra Rajada; barrancas in fir zone, on steep south- and west-facing slopes, elev. 2200 m., Nov. 19—21, 1952, Rogers McVaugh 14366 (holo- type, LL; isotype presumably at MICH), tree, 5 m. high, flowers apparently white; one tree seen. The remarkable large fleshy laminate and fimbriate-erose stigma distinguishes the species. Its acute leaves bordered with a marginal row of glands, thin sepals sparsely punctate and acute or acuminate, corolla tubular at base, with stipitate slender petals borne on the rim, and the narrow mostly acuminate petals with elongated black marginal glands are other features of note. MYRSINE MICROCALYX Lundell, sp. nov. — Arbor, 4 m. alta; ramuli tomentelli; folia parva, petiolata, petiolo tomentello, ad 1 cm. longo; lamina chartacea, glabrata, anguste oblanceo- lata, 3—6.5 cm. longa, 7—15 mm. lata, apice acutiuscula, basi acuminata et subtus tomentella, discolor, punctata, utrinque reticulata; inflorescentia masculina, multiflora; flores glomerati, 5-meri, subsessiles; pedicelli crassi, puberuli; sepala parvissima, ovata, 0.4—0.6 mm. longa, acuta, ciliolata, 277 278 PAT DOL O46. Fe Vol. 58, No. parce nigropunctata, minute puberula, basi connata; corolla 2.5—3 mm. longa; petala lanceolata, nigro-lineato-punctata, basi connata, apice acuta, minute puberula; antherae ovato- oblongae, crassae, 1.2—1.5 mm. longae; ovarium glabrum, ovoideum; ovula 1; stylus ca. 0.3 mm. longus, lobatus, erectus. Panama: Prov. Chiriqui, Cerro Colorado, 24 miles on gravel road from bridge over Rio San Felix; disturbed primary vegeta- tion, 1430 m., Nov. 22, 1979, T. Antonio 2619 (holotype, LL), tree to 4 m. tall on steep slope, petals greenish. A montane species which is notable for its fine pubescence of branchlets, petioles, base of leaves on lower surface, and minutely puberulent densely glomerate subsessile flowers on short spurs. The small oblanceolate leaves with long very slender petioles borne on slender branchlets further distinguish the taxon. The sepals are minute and ovate-triangular, acute and ciliolate. The single large ovule in the placenta indicates that the species is perhaps hermaphroditic. MYRSINE SYTSMAE Lundell, sp. nov. — Arbor, 8 m. alta; ramuli crassiusculi, apice minute puberuli, glabrati; folia novella minute puberula, glabrata, petiolata, petiolo 2—5 mn. longo, crasso, marginato; lamina subcoriacea, anguste oblanceolato-oblonga, 5—9 cm. longa, 1.5—2.5 cm. lata, apice obtusa, basi acutiuscula, revoluta, subtus reticulata, punctata, margine integra, pellucido-punctata; inflorescentia axillaris, bracteata, apice pauciflora; flores staminati 5-meri; pedicelli crassi, ad 1 mm. longi; sepala anguste lanceolata, ca. 1 mm. longa, acutiuscula, paucipuberula; corolla minute papilloso- puberula, ca. 3 mm. longa; petala basi connata ad 1 mn., lanceolata, apice obtusiuscula, parce nigropunctata vel epunc- tata; antherae crassae, late ovato-ellipticae, ad 1.4 mm. longae, apiculatae; ovarium glabrum; stigma abortiva, conica. Panama: Prov. Los Santos, road to El Cortezo, alt. 100— 200 m., Jan. 24, 1981, W. G. D'Arcy & K. Sytsma 14355 (holotype, LL), tree 8 m. tall, flowers white. A taxon of low altitudes, Myrsine Sytsmae has very slender oblanceolate-oblongish leaves with short petioles, the margin revolute at acutish base. Leaf blades are narrowed to the obtuse apex. It has subsessile staminate flowers with small narrow sepals and conspicuously but minutely papillose- puberulent petals. Some of the petals have one to several small black glands. Myrsine Sytsmae resembles Myrsine panamensis (Lundell) Lundell in some features, and both are low altitude taxa. NOTES ON THE GENUS CLERODENDRUM (VERBENACEAE). VIII Harold N. Moldenke This paper iS a continuation of the notes on this genus begun by me in Phytologia 57: 157 (1985) and most recently continued in 58: 178--218 (1985). CLERODENDRUM Burm. Additional & emended bibliography: Almagia in Pirotta, Fl. Col. Erit. [Ann. Inst. Bot. Roma 8:] 134. 1903; Elm., Leafl. Philip. Bot. 5: 1847--1849. 1913; Dinter, Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. 16: 168. 1919; DeWild., Contrib. Fl. Katanga 165--167. 1921; Corner, Wayside Trees, ed. 2, 695, 696, & 699--701. 1952; Wycherley & Nair, Proc. Sympos. Humid Trop. Veg. 274 & 277. 1958; Mold., Dansk Bot. Arkiv 23: 87--88. 1963; Corner, Life Pl., imp. 1, 275 & 294. 1964; Corner & Watanabe, Illust. Guide Trop. Pl. 753--757. 1969; Corner, Life Pl., imp. 2, 275 & 294. 1981; Mold., Phytologia 58: 178--218. 1985. CLERODENDRUM BROOKEANUM W. W. Sm. Additional bibliography: Mold., Phytologia 58: 218. 1985. Smith (1915) comments: "As pointed out by Sir Joseph Hooker in Bot. Mag. under tab. 7887, the Bornean plant is closely allied to C. mynmecophila. Ridley. The manuscript name C, macrophylum, Hook., is antedated by C. macnophylLum, Sims, a synonym of C, sernatum, Spreng." The C. macrophyllum Hort. is also a synonym of C, sernatum (L.) Moon, while C,. macnophylfum Blume is C. phyfLomega Steud. Nothing is known to me of C. baookeanwm except what is stated in the literature. CLERODENDRUM BROOKSII Ridl., Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1925: 88 [as "CLenodendron" |]. 1925; Mold., Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 1, 63 & 89. 1942, Synonymy: C£enodendron brooksci Ridl., Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1925: 88. 1925. Bibliography: Ridl., Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1925: 88. 1925; A. W. Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 7: 51. 1929; Fedde & Schust., Justs Bot. Janresber. 53 (1): 1072. 1932; Mold., Known Geogr. Distrib. Verben- ac., ed. 1, 63 & 89 (1942) and ed. 2, 143 & 180. 1949; Mold., Résumé 187 & 448. 1959; Mold., Fifth Summ. 1: 321 (1971) and 2: 862. 1971; Mold., Phytol. Mem. 2: 312 & 534. 1980. A subshrub, almost entirely glabrous; leaves decussate-opposite; petioles 2 cm. long; leaf-blades herbaceous, oblong-oblanceolate, 22 cm. long, 8.4 cm. wide, apically acuminate, marginally sinuate, basally narrowed and obtuse or subrotundate; midrib prominent be- neath; secondaries 7 or 8 pairs; inflorescence terminal, paniculate, loose, erect, 13 cm. long; peduncles 4 cm. long; bracts linear, 1 cm. long, apically acute; bractlets similar but smaller; pedicels very slender, 7 mm. long; sepals lanceolate, 5 mm. long, apically acute or acuminate, basally connate, puberulent; corolla white, puberulent, 279 280 PRY TOL OGEA Vol. 58, No. 4 its tube slender, 1 cm. long, the lobes oblong, apically rotundate, dorsally puberulent; stamens long-exserted; filaments filiform; anthers oblong-linear, basally bifid. The species is based on Brooks 9240 from Lubok Tandai, Sumatra. It is said by Ridley (1925) to be allied to C. dispanifolium Blume, "but the plant is almost entirely glabrous, the sepals broader and shorter, the corolla not hairy but minutely puberulous." Nothing is known to me of this species except what is stated in the biblio- graphy. CLERODENDRUM BRUNFELSIIFLORUM H. Hallier, Meded. Rijks Herb. Leid. 37: 68. 1918. Synonymy: C£erodendrwm catalpifolimm H. Hallier, Meded. Rijks Herb. Leid. 37:67. 1918. CXenodendron baunfelsiiflorum Hall. f. apud H. J. Lam, Verb. Malay. Arch. 275 & 363. 1919. Cenodendron catalpifolLium Hall. f. apud H. J. Lam, Verb. Malay. Arch. 375 & 363 in syn. 1919. Bibliography: H. Hallier, Meded. Rijks Herb. Leid. 37: 67--68. 1918; H. J. Lam, Verb. Malay. Arch. 275 & 363. 1919; Bakh. in Lam & Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., ser. 3, 3: 91, 108, & viii. 1921; A. W. Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 6: 49. 1926; Mold., Alph. List Inv. Names 16. 1942; Mold., Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 1, 66 & 89 (1942) and ed. 2, 148 & 180. 1949; Mold., Résumé 198, 261, & 448. 1959; Mold., Fifth Summ. 1: 331 & 442 (1971) and 2: 862. 1971; Mold., Phytol. Mem. 2: 322 & 534. 1980. A subshrub; branchlets terete or obtusely tetragonal, 3--6 mm. in diameter, compressed at the nodes, very softly ochraceous- or ferrug- inous-villous or -hirsute, the hairs dense, short, and rather spread- ing; leaves decussate-opposite, anisophyllous; petioles 2--16 cm. long, subterete, dorsally narrowly or obsoletely sulcate, densely soft-villous or -hirsute like the branchlets; leaf-blades ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 9--30 cm. long, 4.5--16 cm. wide, apically caudate (the acumen long and narrow), marginally entire, basally acute to subrotund or cordate, greenish-brown above in drying and sparsely setulose when young, subglabrous (except for the venation) above when adult, paler beneath, prominently subpalmately pinnate- and clathrate-veined, densely villous on the larger venation beneath like the branchlets, minutely glandular-punctulate on both surfaces, more conspicuously so beneath and especially so basally and near the mid- rib and secondaries, the glands discoid; tertiaries laxly transverse; veinlet reticulation fine; inflorescence terminal, paniculate, pyram- idal, trichotomous, densely soft-villous or -hirsute like the branch- lets, the pubescence mixed with glanaular-capitate hairs; lower bracts similar to the leaves, the upper ones gradually smaller and lanceolate, the ultimate ones linear, pedicels 4--5 mm. tong, about as long as or shorter than the calyx; calyx cyathiform, 5--10 mm. long, 5-fid to 1/4 to 1/2 its length, externally densely soft-hirsute, red (?) when fresh, the lobes about 3 mm. long, apically acute, more loosely hirsute and obsoletely glandulose; corolla cyathiform, exter- nally slightly glandulose and sparsely hirtellous with weak, multi- septate, spreading hairs, the tube slender, 1.6--2 cm. long, 2--4 times as long as the calyx, plainly incurved in bud, finally straight, 1985 Moldenke, Notes on C£enodendraum 281 the lobes oblong-obovate, 3--7 mm. long, 1/5 to 1/4 as long as the tube; stamens long-exserted, the free portion 1--3 cm. long. The type of this species is an unnumbered collection of DeVriese & Teijsmann from Buruh [Buru] in the Molucca Islands, collected in 1859 or 1860. The type of C. catalpifolium is also an unnumbered collection by the same collectors from the same island and made dur- ing the same years. Hallier (1918) notes for the latter: "Sp. 5 praecedentibus et C2. buauano Miq. arcte affinis, a posteriore inter alias notas corollae tubo longiore genitalibusque alte exsertis bene distinctum." For C. baunfelsiifforum he says "Sp. praecedente [C. catalpifolium], CL. Lindavianum Lauterb. et C£. buruano arcte affine, a posteriore inter alias foliis nunquam subcordatis, calyce multo longiore, genitalibus alte exsertis bene distinctum." It seems most likely to me that all are merely varieties or forms of C. buauanum Miq. It may be worth noting here that Hill, in the Index Kewensis (1926), incorrectly cites the original publication of C. baunfelsicfLorum to page "78" instead of 68. CLERODENDRUM BRUNNESCENS Mold., Amer. Journ. Bot. 38: 321. 1951. Synonymy: C£enodendrzwm baunescens Mold. in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 174: 193, fig. 31 (6 & 7) sphalm. 1956. Bibliography: Mold., Amer. Journ. Bot. 38: 321. 1957; Mold. in Hum- bert, Fl. Madag. 174: 151, 193, 195, 196, & 267, fig. 31 (6 & 7). 1956; Mold., Résumé 155 & 448. 1959; G. Taylor, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 12: 26. 1959; Mold., Fifth Summ. 1: 259 (19/1) and 2: 862. 1971; Mold., Phytol. Mem. 2: 248 & 534. 1980; Mold., Phytologia 58: 187. 1985. Illustrations: Mold. in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 174: 193, fig. 31 (6 & 7). 1956. An epiphytic shrub, about 4 dm. tall, simple or sparingly branch- ed; stems and branches medium-stoutish, compressed-tetragonal, prom- inently lenticellate, glabrous; nodes not annulate; principal inter- nodes very much abbreviated, 0.5--2.3 cm. long; leaf-scars very large and prominent; leaves decussate-opposite; petioles stout, ni- grescent, 1--2 cm. long, glabrous; leaf-blades membranous, brunnes- cent in drying, elliptic, 9--19 cm. long, 5--9 cm. wide, apically a- cute or very slightly short-cuspidate to acuminate, marginally en- tire, basally acute or acuminate, glabrous or subglabrate on both surfaces, more or less black-glandulose on the lamina along the mid- rib beneath; midrib slender or stoutish, flat above, very prominent beneath; secondaries very slender, 6--9 per side, arcuate-ascending, flat above, prominulent beneath, arcuately joined near the margins beneath; vein and veinlet reticulation sparse, indiscernible above, only the larger parts prominulous beneath; inflorescence terminal, cymose, few-flowered; peduncles obsolete; cyme-branches flattened, nigrescent, peduncle-like, 2.5--3.5 cm. long, glabrous; pedicels slender, flattened, nigrescent, 3--4 mm. long, glabrous; foliaceous bracts absent; bractlets and prophylla linear-setaceous, 2--7 mm. long, nigrescent, glabrous; calyx subcoriaceous, obconic, nigrescent, 3--4 cm. long, 1--1.3 cm. wide, glabrous, not at all venose, its rim deeply 5-lobed, the lobes ovate, erect, firm, about 8 mm. long, api- cally attenuate-acute. 282 PHY DMOobOGd A Vol. 58, No. 4 The type of this unique, apparently endemic species, of which neither corolla nor fruit is known to me, was collected by Henri Per- rier de la Bathie (no. 10240) in a forest in the vicinity of Anala- mazoatra, in east-central Madagascar, in January (apparently in bloom), 1932, deposited in the Paris herbarium. Because of the lack of corolla and the essential organs, the systematic position of this taxon must remain problematic, although the Paris botanists, well ac- quainted with the Madagascar flora, are of the opinion that it is a Species of this genus. It is known thus far only from the origin- al collection. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Pennier 10240 (E--photo of type, F--photo ot type, Ld--photo of type, N--fragment of type, N--photo of type, P-- type). CLERODENDRUM BRUNSVIGIOIDES J. G. Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 21: 435 [as "Cferodendron"]. 1885; Mold., Revist. Sudam. BOERS B22-4-70:.) 1:950. Synonymy: CfLenodendron? braunsvigioides J. G. Baker, Journ. Linn. sock ‘Lond. Bot. 242°435.' BBS: Bibliography: J. G. Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 21: 435. 1885; Jacks. in Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew., imp. 1, 1: 560. 1893; Mold., Revist. Sudam. Bot. 8: 170. 1950; Mold. in Humbert, Fl. Madag. T7S27 153.) 2175 221>+ 222,” & 266, Fig.* S54 5) F956.) Mold. Resting 155 & 448. 1959; Mold., Fifth Summ. 1: 259 (1971) and 2: 862. 1971; Mold., Phytol. Mem. 2: 248 & 534. 1980; Mold., Phytologia 58: 188. 1985. Illustrations: Mold. in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 174: 217, fig. 35 (5). 1956. An erect shrub; branches and branchlets very slender, more or less obtusely tetragonal, light-gray, glabrescent, not noticeably lenticellate; twigs very slender, brownish, obscurely pilose or stri- gose with brownish antrorse hairs, glabrescent in age; nodes not annulate; principal internodes mostly very much abbreviated, 0.6-- 2.5 cm. long; leaves decussate-opposite; petioles slender, 4--8 mm. long, mostly extremely abbreviated, densely short-strigose like the twigs, Ccanaliculate above, often submargined; leaf-blades thin- membranous, fragile in drying, rather uniformly green on both sur- faces or slightly lighter beneath, dark-brunnescent in drying, nar- rowly elliptic [not oblong and moderately firm as stated by Baker], 4.5--11.5 cm. long, 1.7--3.6 cm. wide, apically acute or slightly acuminate, marginally entire, basally gradually attenuate or long- acuminate, glabrous and shiny above, very sparsely and obscurely strigillose on the larger venation beneath, otherwise subglabrate; midrib very slender, flat above, prominulous and short-strigose be- neath; secondaries very slender, 6 or 7 per side, flat above, very Slightly subprominulous beneath, arcuate-ascending, sometimes con- spicuously arcuate-joined near the margins beneath; vein and veinlet reticulation mostly very obscure or indiscernible on both surfaces; flowers mostly solitary, rarely 2 per peduncle, axillary, mostly Shorter than the mature subtending leaf, borne at the tips of the twigs; peduncles subfiliform, to 7.5 cm. long, sparsely and obscure- ly strigillose with short antrorse hairs, glabrescent in age, ascen- 1985 Moldenke, Notes on CLergdendrum 283 ding-divergent; pedicels mostly 1--3 mm. long, comparatively stout- ish, strigillose; bracts, bractlets, and prophylla absent or cadu- cous; calyx obconic-infundibular, thin-membranous, ].5--2 cm. long, apically to 1 cm. wide, externally antrorsely strigillose, its rim deeply 4-lobed, the lobes erect, ovate, about 5 mm. long and (basal- ly) wide, apically acute; corolla hypocrateriform, its tube infun- dibular, about 3 cm. long, externally glabrous, basally (within the calyx) cylindric, gradually ampliate from above the top of the calyx to its apex, the limb to 3 cm. in diameter, 5-lobed, the lobes sub- equal, orbicular, imbricate, about 1.3 cm. long and wide, apically rounded; stamens and style included in the corolla-tube, not ex- serted. This endemic species is based on Baron 2716 from between Antsi- hanaka and the east coast, Madagascar, deposited in the Kew herbar- jum. Baker (1885) notes that the species is "Near C.? petunioides"”. It is said to inhabit forests at middle altitudes, flowering in July and August. To distinguish it (and the preceding species) from other Madagascar taxa, see under C. banronianum Oliv. in the present series of notes. Citations: MADAGASCAR: Bancn 2716 (F--photo of type, K--type, Ld-- photo of type, N--fragment of isotype, N--photo of type, P--isotype); Herb. Mus. Panis 4.n. (P). CLERODENDRUM BUCHANANI (Roxb.) Walp., Repert. Bot. Syst. 4: 108 [as "CLercdendron" |]. 1845; Steud. , Nom. Bot. Phan., ed. 2, 1: 382. 1840. Synonymy: VoLkameria buchananti Roxb., Hort. Beng., imp. 1, 46 hyponym. 1814. Cenrodendrum buchananik Roxb. ex Viall., Numer. List 82, no. 2653. 1831. Volkameria buchanani Roxb., Fl. Indica, ed. 2, imp. 1, 3: 60. 1832. C&zrodendron buchanani (Roxb.) Walp., Repert. Bot. Syst. 4: 108. 1845. Cenodendron buchanani Wall. ex Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calcut. 466. 1845. C2£enrodendron blumeanum Schau. in A. DC.) Prodr. 11: 669. 1847 [not Hallof., (1923,;ner Vabo, 1921}: CLerodendron buchanantii Walp. apud Hassk., Retzia 60. 1855 [not C. buchaninii Walp. apud H. J. Lam, 1919]. Cerodendnron infortunatum Blume ex Fern.-Villar in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 4: Nov. App. 161 in syn. 1880 [not Auct., 1963, nor Blume ex H. Hallier, 1918, nor Bot. Reg., 1895, nor Dennst., 1893, nor Gaertn., 1885, nor Lam, 1947, nor L «3 W535 Hor Lour -) 1793¢) mor sSchau 9 1847 enone VV ris 51.1882, nor Walp., 1843, nor R. Wight, 1850]. C&enodendron buchanani Roxb. apud GreBy! Clarke in Hook. FO, ELA Beitslindia 4: 596s t6e5. CLenodendron buchananii Herb. Roxb. apud Jacks. in Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew., imp. 1, 1: 560. 1893. C&enodendrom b&wmneanum Schau. apud Boorsma, Meded. Lands Plant. 31: 7 sphalm. 1899. Cenrodendron buchanani Walp. apud Bakh. in Lam & Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., ser. 3, 3: viii in syn. 1921. Cenodendron buchanani var. typica Bakh. in Lam & Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., ser. 3, 3: 91--92. 1921. C£erodendron foetidum Miq. ex Bakh. in Lam & Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., ser. 3, 3: 91 in syn. 1921 [not Bunge, 1833, nor D. Don, 1825, nor CLenodendraum foetidum Hort., 1853]. CLerodendron Angortunatum Murray ex Bakh. in Lam & Bakh., Bull. Jard. Bot. Bui- tenz., ser. 3, 3: 91 in syn. 1921. Chenrodendron blumeanum Schau. a- 284 Pee Fk O i; Ob bok Vol. 58, No. 4 pud H. J. Lam in Lauterb., Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 59: 28 sphalm. 1924. CLerodendron buchanani var. typicum Bakh. ex Hochr., Candollea 5: 193. 1934. C&enodendrawm buchanani (Roxb.) Walp. ex Mold., Known Ge- og. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 1, 63--65, 68, 69, & 89. 1942. C:enodendron buchananii Roxb. ex Mold., Alph. List Inv. Names Suppl. 1: 6 in syn. 1947. C&ernodendrwm bLumeanwm Schau. ex Mold., Résumé 271 in syn. 1959. C£enodendron blumeana Schau. apud Uphof, Dict. Econ. Pl., ed. 2, 137. 1968. Cenodendrawn buchanani Walp. ex Capu- ron, Adansonia, ser. 2, 12: 48. 1972. Cenodendrum buchananié var. buchananii Fosberg, Sachet, & Oliv., Micronesica 15: 234. 1979. CLerodendron blumeomum Elias in Bentley & Elias, Biol. Nectaries 245 sphalm. 1983. Bibliography: Roxb., Hort. Beng., imp. 1, 46. 1814; Wall., Numer. Lists (02) 110.9: 2653. 18Shs-Roxbay Fie dndica,ved. 2, imptr tw dss GO 1832; Steud., Nom. Bot. Phan., ed. 2, 1: 382. 1840; Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calcut. 466. 1845; Walp., Repert. Bot. Syst. 4: 100, 101, & 108--109. 1845; Schau. in A. DC., Prodr. 11: 657, 669--670, & 672. 1847; Hassk., Retzia 60. 1855; Buek, Gen. Spec. Syn. Candoll. 3: 105 & 502. 1858; Migq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 881. 1858; Firminger, Man. Gard. India, ed. 3, 524. 1874; Roxb., Fl. Indica, ed. 2, imp. 2, 478. 1874; Naves & Fern.-Villar in Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 4: Nov. App. 161. 1880; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 596. 1885; Maxim., Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersb. 31: 84. 1886; Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pleas. 2 2,905.2 1891.5) Jacks . cin Hook. fash dacks.:, RY] reasonable length, biographical sketches, and critical rewj u literature will be considered for publication. 11 1985 NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN