Ar - #74; be PHYTOLOGIA An international journal to expedite botanical and phytoecological publication Vol. 67 October 1989 No.4 CONTENTS vi. ROBINSON, Acilepidopsis, a new genus of Vernonieae from EUR IRIMIC MOL IC GC ANSLETACOAQ) 6.0 oN oes. ie Seed Rise occsvoeeds sespherebateescedcleduen: 289 _~ B.L. TURNER, Hymenopappus carrizoanus (Asteraceae-Helenieae), a new species from the Carrizo Sands of Central Texas .........0....... 293 » G.L. NESOM, Taxonomy of Solidago velutina (Asteraceae: Astereae) with m@inew, related species from MEXICO .o.....oi.ce.ooocsdes ecco cochveseecdeesessies 297 ~GL. NESOM, A new species of Erigeron (Asteraceae: Astereae) (TSAR S A PaO ROCIO TREE ie A RECO ye Sey SERN Sel pe TE 304 _~B.L. TURNER, Conspectus of the Mexican species, Brickellia secundiflora (Lag.) A. Giay, and its infraspecific categories .......... 307 *H.E. LUTHER, A_ provisional checklist of the Bromeliaceae of DRS Cecilie SS asa Bea: ie ar ese In an Rah ba Be ee Oe Pat 312 W.L. MEAGHER, Wildflower inventory, Soda Butte Campground, Gallatin National Forest, Montana, 12 August 1989.00.00... 331 ~ BR. MACROBERTS, Louisiana Lachnocaulon (Eriocaulaceae) ............ 335 > rm KR Tk 7 l | EVES AF Contents continued on inside cover. a ) Published by Michael J) Warnock 3 IEW YORK 185 Westridge Drive .,»..... Huntsville, Texas 77340 Be ANICAL CArmvec USA : Price of this number $3.00, for this volume $16 00 in advance or $17.00 atter Close © of this volume, $5.00 extra to all foreign addresses; 512 pages constitute a i complete volume; claims tor numbers lost in the math must be made immediately alter receipt of the next following number for tree replacement, back volume 4 prices apply i payment is received atter a volume ts closed i ’ ig he ‘a ‘Ad ve. Va Ce 67 PHYTOLOGIA An international journal to expedite botanical and phytoecological publication Vol. 67 October 1989 No.4 CONTENTS /H. ROBINSON, Acilepidopsis, a new genus of Vernonieae from eNIEE SSMGOLIC A PASLOTAC ORG) § 58.5 oth yh os sco uc cua aad teats 289 ~B.L. TURNER, Hymenopappus carrizoanus (Asteraceae-Helenieae), a new species from the Carrizo Sands of Central Texas ................. 293 ~ G.L. NESOM, Taxonomy of Solidago velutina (Asteraceae: Astereae) with m@new. related species from MEXICO ...2...0)..00..5.2:secssecheecdecieeeseneesotes 297 »~G.L. NESOM, A new species of Erigeron (Asteraceae: Astereae) (ESS WOES Va A Nee INET Aids BOR Me Nad Sen SERIE ir ogc TRS 304 ~B.L. TURNER, Conspectus of the Mexican species, Brickellia secundiflora (Lag.) A. Giay, and its infraspecific categories .......... 307 ~H.E. LUTHER, A_ provisional checklist of the Bromeliaceae of (LANDS CRI ae aig ORM RCSD rp Re Mt 8 ka Pah SH IN clatpa 312 W.L. MEAGHER, Wildflower inventory, Soda Butte Campground, Gallatin National Forest, Montana, 12 August 1989 0.0.0.0... 331 ~ BR. MACROBERTS, Louisiana Lachnocaulon (Eriocaulaceae) ............ 335 [lof A Site | | Fs is ee Contents continued on inside cover. NT %} pha wth SS ee ee er . V hy U ios Published by Michael }. Warnock NEW YCGRK 185 Westridge Drive tae Aunts Vie, texas 77340 BOTANICAL CARL < USA Price of this number $3.00, tor this volume $16.00 in advance or $17.00 atter Close of this volume, $5.00 extia to all toreisn addresses, 512 pages Constitute a — complete volume; claims tor numbers lost in the mail must be made immediately after receipt of the next tollowing number tor tree replacement, back volume prices apply it payment is received atter a volume ts closed. “~ 4 Contents (cont.) B.L. TURNER, New names and a Asteraceae (Tribe Eupatoriede) «0.0.0.0... eee cece eeeeeeeeees eke ~ G.L. NESOM, A new species of Aster Se aeebmaninite Astere: WARIO Oa LA GA Ste oe els he no a » DJ. KEIL, New taxa and name changes _ in none Asteraceae). i cm Haoks RECEIVed sor ee ee a RR, Bo nd Toe eee WIN B otha Ae | BEI 1 a a bat Rie eo Sihone tae & fee Pe Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):289-292. ACILEPIDOPSIS, A NEW GENUS OF VERNONIEAE FROM SOUTH AMERICA (ASTERACEAE) Harold Robinson Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560 USA ABSTRACT A new genus, Acilepidopsis is proposed as a segregate from Ver- nonia. The new genus contains a single species, Acilepidopsis echi- tifolia (Mart. er DC.) H. Robinson. KEY WORDS: Asteraceae, Acilepidopsis, Vernonta, systematics. Recent studies aimed at the removal of the American Lepidaploa complex from the overly broad concept of the genus Vernonia (Robinson 1987a; 1987b; 1988a; 1988b; 1988c) have revealed that the South American Vernonia echi- tifolia has pollen of a type not otherwise known in Vernonia sensu stricto outside of the Eastern Hemisphere. Additional distinctions in the glands, the stem base and the style base of the species indicate the need for a separate genus that is named herein as Acilepidopsis. The species that has been known as Vernonia echitifolia Mart. ex DC. from northern Argentina, southern Bolivia, southern Brazil and Paraguay, has pollen of the form called Type E by Jones (1981). Such pollen is not otherwise known among the American species that have been placed in the broad concept of Vernonia Schreb. The pollen further points to the possibility that the species is more closely related to elements that have been placed in Vernonia in the Eastern Hemisphere than to other groups in America. Chemical and cytological data are not available at present, but should be sought because these are different in the Eastern and Western Hemisphere groups in Vernonia sensu lato (Jones 1977). The lack of chemical and cytological evidence does not prevent the dis- tinction of the species on the basis of other characters. Vernonia echitifolra might be related to African species such as V. polysphaera Baker that have the same type of pollen. Jeffrey (1988) has listed the latter species in his Vernonza group 3, subgroup C, for which various potential older generic names are listed, Acilepis D. Don, Xipholepis Steetz in Peters and Lyctstemma Steetz in Peters, all of which are typified by species from India or Nepal. The African species, 289 290 BAY POLO GIA volume 67(4):289-292 October 1989 and the type of the oldest generic segregate, Aczlepis squarrosa D. Don, have been compared with V. echztztfolia and are different enough in other characters to justify separate generic status from even those Eastern Hemisphere species. The two characters emphasized in the present distinction of the genus Acilepidopsis are the glands on the achenes and corollas and the form of the stem base. The large red glands were mentioned by Cabrera (1944) in a key to the species. They are numerous, red and large, over 100 ym across the cap. The caps have only two cells, but they are often wrinkled and seem to have more. The chemical contents seem to leak out in an unusual way in prepa- rations and the chemistry would be of interest for that reason alone. The glands densely cover the achenes and corollas, the upper outer surfaces of the involucral bracts and they occur thickly on both surfaces of the leaves. The base of the stem forms from an upward turning end of a branched creeping rhizome. The creeping part is densely covered with roots, and the upward turn is gradual with only a slight change in diameter. The South American and African plants with which the species has been compared in this study have stems usually arising from underground tubers. The latter usually break off at the ground surface when collected, and they also evidently often occur in clusters. The habitat of Aczlepzdopsts is described as near streams or on moist hillsides and the plant bases seem to reflect habitats with moist soils. The South American and African Vernonieae with which the species has been compared in this study are evidently specialized for savanna habitats with drier soil. Gleason (1923) keyed the species as having corolla lobes densely pubescent within. No specimen seen in this study shows such pubescence. However, there are numerous slender hairs on the distal outer surface of the corolla lobes. The style bases of Acilepidopsis are only slightly thickened with no scleri- fied cells at the base. There is no differentiated node. Such bases occur in a few genera of the Brazilian area such as Lesstngzanthus H. Robins., Chrysolaena H. Robins. and Stenocephalum Sch.-Bip., but most genera compared with Acilepi- dopsis in the present study have distinct partially sclerified nodes of varying size such as Lepidaploa (Cass.) Cass., Actlepis and Vernonia. The character varies within related groups but the variations are usually rare enough to be useful in generic distinction. The latter seems to be the case in Aczlepidopsis. From the most likely African and Asian relatives, which fall under the concept of Acilepis, Actlepidopsis differs by the glands, the style bases and the stem bases. It also differs by the complex inflorescence having many remotely seriate cymose branches with small foliose bracts. The paleotropical Acilepis further differs by having heads in small terminal or axillary clusters on the main leafy stems. Actlepidopsis differs from Vernonia sensu stricto by the lophate, non col- pate pollen, the bracteolate seriate cymose inflorescence and the large red glands. It remains to be seen whether it also differs by the chromosome num- Robinson: Acilepidopsis, new genus of Vernonieae 291 ber and chemistry as do other species with Type E pollen. Examination of eastern North American species of Vernonza, including the type species, V. noveboracensts (L.) Michaux, shows stem bases that arise from procumbent tips of rhizomes somewhat like Acilepidopsis but not as gradual or as densely covered with roots. The name for the new genus is derived from that of the probable paleotrop- ical relative Acilepis D. Don. Acilepidopsis H. Robinson, genus nov. TYPE: Vernonta echitifolia Mart. ex DC. Plantae herbaceae vel suffruticosae ad 1.0-1.3 m altae. Caules ex rhizomatibus procumbentibus sensim erecti subtiliter multo co- stati. Folia alterna distincte breviter petiolata; laminae ellipti- cae vel oblongae margine remote mucrono-denticulatae apice ob- tusae supra et subtus dense rubro-glandulo-punctatae et plus mi- nusve pilosulae. Inflorescentiae terminales pinnate ramosae, ramis laxe seriate cymosis, bracteis foliosis capitulis subtentis superne descrescentibus in ramis 5-10 mm longis. Capitula in axilibus bracteorum plerumque solitaria sessilia persistentia, bracteae in- volucri ca 30 valde inaequales graduatae ca 4-seriatae 2-6 mm lon- gae base minute ovatae superne sensim anguste oblongae apice breviter acutae vel argute apiculatae. Flores in capitulo 8-13; corollae base tubulosae in faucibus campanulatae in faucibus et lobis dense rubro-glanduliferae, lobis sub anthesi reflexis distal- iter sericeo-pilosulis; thecae antherarum base breviter sed distincte appendiculatae; appendices apicales antherarum glabrae; basi sty- lorum vix crassiores sine cellulis scleroideis. Achaenia 10-costata dense rubro glandulifera non vel vix breviter setulifera, raphidis minutis indistinctis breviter rhomboideis, cellulis aliquis superfi- cialibus mamillosis in seriebus 1-3 sparsis; carpopodia turbinata, cellulis breviter oblongis in parietibus porose incrassatis; setae pappi interiores capillares densae ca 100 albae facile deciduae distaliter non latiores, squamae pappi exteriores ca 0.8 mm longae lineares. Grana pollinis in diametro 55 ym lophata [type E, (Jones 1981)| triporata in partibus omnibus areolata non colpata. The genus contains the following single species. Acilepidopsis echitifolia (Mart. er DC.) H. Robinson, comb. nov. BA- SIONYM: Vernonia echittfolia Mart. er DC., Prodr. 5:60. 1836. Vernonia ararana Gardn., Lond. J. Bot. 5:227. 1846. 292 PHY FQ@BhO GiA volume 67(4):289-292 October 1989 LITERATURE CITED Cabrera, A.L. 1944. Vernonieas Argentinas (Compositae). Darwiniana 6:265- 379; pl. 1-35. Gleason, H.A. 1923. The Bolivian species of Vernonia. Amer. J. Bot. 10:297- 309. Jeffrey, C. 1988. The Vernonieae in East Tropical Africa. Kew Bull. 43:195- 277. Jones, §.B. 1977. Chapter 17. Vernonieae-systematic review. Jn V.H. Hey- wood, J.B. Harborne & B.L. Turner, eds., The Biology and Chemistry of the Compositae. 1:503-521. . Synoptic classification and pollen morphology of Vernonia (Com- positae: Vernonieae) in the Old World. Rhodora 83:59-75. Robinson, H. 1987a. Studies in the Leptdaploa Complex (Vernonieae: Aster- aceae). I. The genus Stenocephalum Sch. Bip. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 100:578-583. 1987b. Studies in the Lepzdaploa Complex (Vernonieae: Aster- aceae). IJ. A new genus, Echinocoryne. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 100:584- 589. 1988a. Studies in the Leptdaploa Complex (Vernonieae: Aster- aceae). IV. The new genus, Lessingzanthus. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 101:929-951. 1988b. Studies in the Lepidaploa Complex (Vernonieae: Aster- aceae). V. The new genus, Chrysolaena. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 101:952- 958. 1988c. Studies in the Lepidaploa Complex (Vernonieae: Aster- aceae). VI. A new genus, Aynza. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 101:959-965. Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):293-296. HYMENOPAPPUS CARRIZOANUS (ASTERACEAE-HELENIEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM THE CARRIZO SANDS OF CENTRAL TEXAS B.L. Turner Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78713 USA ABSTRACT Hymenopappus carrizoanus, a new species from the Carrizo sands of Central Texas, is described and its distribution mapped. It is closely related to both H. tenutfolius and H. artemisiaefolius and is possibly an ancestral hybrid derivative from between these. KEY WORDS: Hymenopappus, Asteraceae, Texas flora, Carrizo sands. Preparation of a treatment of the Asteraceae of Texas has brought to the fore a new species of Hymenopappus. In my monograph of the latter genus (Turner 1956), I had access to only a few collections of the present taxon, annotating these as “H. tenuzfolius Pursh, not typical!” Subsequently, I ob- served several populations of the then undescribed H. carrizoanus, but was uneasily content to retain these as but ecotypic variants of the widespread H. tenurfolius, the latter occurring in grasslands on calcareous or dry sandy soils from south central Texas to Montana; H. carrizoanus mostly occurs in oak forests or oak woodlands in deep loose white sandy soils, referred to in the geological literature as Carrizo sands, a narrow outcrop of lower Tertiary sediments which forms a diagonal band in eastern Texas extending from near Texarkana (rainfall ca 60 inches per year) to just south of San Antonio (rainfall ca 30 inches per year). The distinctive vegetation of the Carrizo sands was the subject of a Ph.D. dissertation by McBryde (1933). I probably would not have looked closely at the present taxon except for the recent collections of Steve Orzell and Edwin Bridges, research associates of the Plant Resources Center, University of Texas, who have assembled an exceptional array of fine collections of the species, along with an accompanying set of perceptive field notes. Taken together these clearly showed that the species had considerable populational integrity and was not especially close to H. tenutfolius. I am grateful to both of these workers for their dedicated zeal and unselfish sharing of their considerable field data. 293 294 PHY TOE O:@GIA volume 67(4):293-296 October 1989 Hymenopappus carrizoanus B. Turner, spec. nov. TYPE: UNITED STATES. Texas: Robertson Co., eolian, unstable, deep xeric sandhill barrens, SW of Mill Creek, ca 1.3 mi S Robertson County Road 333, at a point 3.5 mi W of FM 1940, to W of transmission line r-o-w, Camp Creek Lake 7.5’ Quad, 31° 00’ 34” N, 96° 21’ 34” W, elev. 430-460 ft. Geology-Sparta Sand (Eocene). Soils-Arenosa (Typic Quartzipsam- ments). Community dominated by Quercus incana/Aristida desmantha- Rhododon ciliatus. 5 May 1988, Steve L. Orzell & Edwin L. Bridges 6583 (HOLOTYPE: TEX!; Isotypes: TEX!, to be distributed). H. tenutfolio Pursh similis sed cauliis altioribus pariter omnino foliaceis, foliis non nihil sursum deminutis, et involucris tomentu- losis differt. Biennial stiffly erect herbs to 1.5 m high, the stems about equally leafy throughout. Leaves finely bipinnately dissected (the ultimate segments mostly 0.5-1.0 mm wide), at first forming a decided rosette, those at mid stem, 6-12 cm long, gradually reduced upwards. Heads eradiate, numerous in termi- nal corymbose, ebracteate, panicles, 15-30 cm across, the ultimate peduncles mostly 2-5 cm long. Involucres campanulate, 6-7 mm high, the involucral bracts subequal, broadly obovate with scarious margins apically, the outer faces tomentulose, the vestiture covering atomiferous glands. Receptacles epaleate. Florets 20-40, the corollas white, 3-4 mm long. Achenes narrowly obpyramidal, ca 4 mm long, 1 mm wide, pubescent with spreading hairs 0.4-0.8 mm long, the pappus of ca 20 obovate scales 1.0-1.5 mm long. ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED: UNITED STATES. Texas: A- tascosa Co.: along dirt road from Medina Co., 5.4-5.7 mi E of intersection with Texas Highway 173 (29° 06’ 25” N, 98° 46’ 52” W), in Carrizo sands, 11 May 1988, Orzell & Bridges 6773 (TEX); 25 mi S of San Antonio (Bexar Co.) along State Highway 16, 3 Jun 1978, Turner 10048 (LL). Bexar Co.: 15 mi S of San Antonio, 4 May 1921, Schulz s.n.; 10.3 mi S of Loop Highway 410 (around San Antonio) along U.S. Highway 183, 19 May 1980, Turner 80-54M (TEX). Caldwell Co.: w/o locality, Spr-Sum, 1931 McBryde s.n. (TEX). Frio Co.: N edge of Frio Co., 8 Apr 1948, Higdon s.n. (TEX); NW side of 1-35, 0.4-0.8 mi S of Medina Co. line (29° 03’ 12” N, 98° 57’ 42” W), 11 May 1988, Orzell & Bridges 6756 (TEX). Guadalupe Co.: along Tidwell Creek, S side of Guadalupe Co. road 442, ca 0.9 mi E of frontage road 1117 (29° 25’ 35” N, 97° 49’ 36” W), Carrizo sand, 9 May 1988, Orzell & Bridges 6642 (TEX). Leon Co.: Hilltop Lakes, ca 0.2 mi W of Cherokee Lake (31° 04’ 27” N, 96° 11’ 47”, 6 Jun 1989, Orzell & Bridges 10328 (TEX). Medina Co.: 2 mi SW Devine, Carrizo sands, 1 May 1954, Johnston, Tharp & Turner 3426 (TEX). Hymenopappus carrizoanus, new species from Texas 295 Turner: ( y \ ieee Ae alee’ = ) 1) ) vi ig - rs zal of f tf one , i = -- fA “tal he an oy Soa \ie —1.—4 uf BM \. ad Y ‘ m4 ot {de -) a ears at BF eae \ On {" ) Le Ba e" ae Caer me “4, \ 1 mie ee oR a J ger sia ls = ie) S| , sft ee u { a See Se Le | ly { je SE Bie i ee ome | eR 4 Cem er Lf eer Distribution of Hymenopappus Carrizoanus. Fig. 1. 296 PY T-O0. DOG: PA volume 67(4):293-296 October 1989 The new species can be distinguished from H. tenuzfoltus by the following couplet: Stems about equally leafy throughout, the leaves not much reduced upwards; involucres tomentulose throughout; the corolla throat funwcliorm oxi. ced. Le caree eg tere fs ee H. carrizoanus. Stems mostly leafy below, the leaves much reduced upwards; involucres vari- ously pubescent to glabrate, not tomentulose throughout; corolla throat CTT ce Cr 1 ga as ae SS eR Sey ay ae Ne) eee tee H. tenutfolius. Hymenopappus carrizoanus occasionally occurs with H. artemiszaefolius DC. var. artemisiaefolius and presumably forms hybrids with that taxon. Two such localities are known, as follows: Guadalupe Co., Orzell & Bridges 6645 (locality as cited above for 6643). Caldwell Co., along Caldwell Co. road 151 at crossing of Big Sandy Branch (29° 47’ 10” N, 97° 27’ 25” W), 12 May 1988, Orzell & Bridges 6825 (TEX). The putative hybrid from Guadalupe Co. (6645), was found growing with both parents (cf., 6643, 6644 [TEX]). Both parental species and putative hy- brids were growing within a 20 meter radius at the locality concerned. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Dr. Guy Nesom provided the Latin diagnosis. LITERATURE CITED McBryde, J.B. 1933. The vegetation and habitat factors of the Carrizo sands. Ecological Monographs 3:249-297. Turner, B.L. 1956. A cytotaxonomic study of the genus Hymenopappus (Com- positae). Rhodora 58:163-186;208-308. Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):297-303. TAXONOMY OF SOLIDAGO VELUTINA (ASTERACEAE: ASTEREAE) WITH A NEW, RELATED SPECIES FROM MEXICO Guy L. Nesom Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78713 USA ABSTRACT Solidago velutina DC. is a wide ranging species of México and the western United States that includes plants previously identified primar- ily as S. sparstflora A. Gray, S. californica Nutt. and S. scabrida DC. Solidago mollis Bartling is also very similar and may prove to be conspe- cific. A morphological description of S. velutina is presented, based on specimens from its entire geographical range. Solidago macvaughii is proposed as a new species closely related to S. velutina; the new species apparently is endemic to northeastern Aguascalientes, Mexico, where it is completely allopatric with its close relative. KEY WORDS: Solidago, Asteraceae, Astereae, México. Solidago velutina DC. is the most widespread and commonly collected species of Solidago in Mexico. It is also widely distributed in the western United States, where it has been known by a number of names, for the most part summarized with typification by Taylor & Taylor (1984). In recent floris- tic treatments, it has been identified primarily as S. sparstflora A. Gray. Taylor & Taylor (1984) were apparently the first to recognize the conspecific nature of the United States plants with the common Mexican species. I can find no characters to separate Solidago velutina from what is called S. californica Nutt., commonly identified in the western United States, and I add this species to the list of synonyms of the former. Taylor & Taylor (1984) noted that S. velutina “varies considerably in morphology” but provided no rationale for their recognition of the plants from Nevada to Texas as a variety of typical S. velutina and no explanation of why they placed the variety as a part of S. velutina rather than S. californica. Keck (1959) considered S. californica var. nevadensis to be a synonym of S. californica. The description below is drawn from specimens of Solidago velutina over its entire range, except for Oregon. At least one count of ray and disc flowers is included for each state cited below. The synonymy may be incomplete, but it includes at least the primary names that have been used for the species. Except for the inclusion of S. californica and S. scabrida, the list is essentially the same as given by Taylor & Taylor (1984). 297 298 PHYTOLOGIA volume 67(4):297-303 October 1989 Solidago velutina DC., Prodr. 5:332. 1836. TYPE: MEXICO. México: Near México City, Berlandier 930 (HOLOTYPE: G-DC, fiche!). S. scabrida DC., Prodr. 5:331. 1836. TYPE: MEXICO. Locality un- specified, but probably México or Hidalgo, Alaman s.n. (HOLO- TYPE: G-DC, fiche!). (See discussion below). S. californica Nutt., Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. ser. 2. 7:328. 1841. TYPE: UNITED STATES. California: Near Santa Barbara, 1834- 1835, Nuttall s.n. (HOLOTYPE: PH, fiche!). S. californica Nutt. var. nevadensis A. Gray, Botany Calif. 1:319. 1876. TYPE: UNITED STATES. Nevada: Carson City, 1865, Anderson s.n. (HOLOTYPE: GH). S. velutina var. nevadensis (A. Gray) C. & J. Taylor, Sida 10:246. 1984. S. californica Nutt. var. aperta Henderson, Rhodora 32:28. 1930. TYPE. UNITED STATES. Oregon: Below Selma, 15 mi down the Illinois River, 18 Jun 1926, Henderson 7073 (HOLOTYPE: ORE). S. sparsiflora A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12:58. 1874. TYPE: UNITED STATES. Arizona: Near Camp Lowell, 1874, Rothrock 706 (HOLOTYPE: GH; Isotype: US). S. sparsiflora A. Gray var. subcinerea A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17:197. 1882. TYPE: UNITED STATES. Arizona: Rucker Valley, Lemmon s.n. (HOLOTYPE: GH). S. canadensis var. artzonica A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17:197. 1882. TYPE: UNITED STATES. Arizona: Boulder Creek, 1874, Rothrock 782 (HOLOTYPE: GH; Isotype: US). S. arizonica (A. Gray) Woot. & Standl., Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16:181. 1913. S. trinervata E. Greene, Pittonia 3:100. 1896. TYPE: UNITED STATES. Colorado: Gunnison Canyon, 18 Aug 1896, E.L. Greene s.n. (LEC- TOTYPE [Taylor & Taylor 1984]: ND). S. garrettst Rydb., Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 37:134. 1910. TYPE: UNITED STATES. Utah: Big Cottonwood Canyon, 28 Aug 1906, Garrett 2041 (HOLOTYPE: NY). Fide Welsh, 1983. S. howellii Woot. & Standl., Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16:181. 1913. TYPE: UNITED STATES. New Mexico: Sierra Grande, 15 Aug 1903, Howell 219 (HOLOTYPE: US). Rhizomatous perennials. Stems mostly 0.3-1.1 m tall, hispid hirtellous to short villous-puberulent above and below, the hairs often spreading crinkly, sometimes slightly deflexed, scattered plants with antrorsely ascending or ap- pressed hairs. Leaves scabrous ciliate, sparsely to densely and evenly hispidu- Nesom: New Solidago and S. velutina 299 lous hirtellous on both surfaces, 3 veined, the basal and lower cauline oblance- olate to elliptic lanceolate, ovate, or spatulate, entire to very shallowly crenu- late, serrate, or mucronulate with 5-7(-14) pairs of teeth, 4-10(-12) cm long, 7-25(-35) mm wide, often early deciduous, gradually reduced upwards, sharply so just below the capitulescence. Heads secund on recurved branches, the capitulescence columnar to ovoid or pyramidal, rarely broadly so; phyllaries glabrous to sparsely short strigose, strongly graduated in 3-5 series, narrowly triangular lanceolate to oblong lanceolate with acute or less commonly obtuse apices, the inner 3.5-5.0 mm long, the midvein prominently orange resinous, usually raised and often broadened near the apex, the lamina mostly whitish indurated but thin, slightly greenish at the tips, with a narrow, hyaline, some- times minutely lacerate ciliate margin; receptacles smooth to shallowly fove- olate. Ray flowers 7-9(-12){-13], the ligules 1.5-3.0 mm long. Disc flowers (4-]5-9(-11), 3.5-4.5 mm long. Achenes 1.8-2.5 mm long, strigose, 5(-8) nerved; pappus of 40-45 bristles in several series about as high as the disc corollas. Chromosome number, n=9 pairs. Baja California Norte, Sonora, Chihuahua, Durango, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosi, Zacatecas, Hidalgo, Edo. México (the type), southern Oregon, California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Wyoming, Mon- tana, Arizona, New Mexico, trans-Pecos Texas to Oklahoma; greasewood- mesquite, grasslands, chaparral, oak, oak-pine and pine woodlands, sometimes with Douglas fir; 1400-2550 m in Mexico, ca 100-2600 m in the United States; May-November (-December). As observed by McVaugh (1984), Solidago velutina appears to be rapidly spreading on the central plateau of México. It is not eaten by grazing ani- mals, apparently not even by sheep or goats, and is certain to become a more abundant and conspicuous species in México, particularly along the roadsides. McVaugh (1984) adopted Solidago scabrida DC. as the name for S. velutina, but the type of S. scabrida was described by De Candolle as having basally glabrous stems and leaves scabrous on the veins and margins. In its diagnosis De Candolle compared S. scabrida to S. canadensis. In contrast, the type of S. velutina is “tota pube brevi conferta pulverulento-velutina” (Prodr. 5:332. 1836) and clearly matches the indument of the species widespread in Mexico. I believe that the specimen of S. scabrida probably is of hybrid origin between S. velutina and S. paniculata DC., the only other species of Solidago near México City, where it is most likely that Alaman collected, that resembles S. canadensis in habit. Solidago paniculata has glabrous stems except for slender lines of hairs in the capitulescence. Solidago velutina is variable but usually identified without much difficulty by its relatively short stature, stems with spreading pubescence, mostly obo- vate and usually entire leaves that are sharply reduced below the capitulescence and equally hairy above and beneath, typically pyramidal capitulescence, and relatively constant number of ray and disc flowers. The counts of flowers by 300 PHY TOLDLOCGIA volume 67(4):297-303 October 1989 Keck (1959) in California increase my summary of the range of ray flowers to 13 and decrease the range of disc flowers to 4. Plants of Solidago velutina with appressed stem pubescence have been col- lected nearly throughout the range of the species (Baja California Norte, Chi- huahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Hidalgo, as well as California, Nevada and Texas). In most other respects, these forms appear to be typical of the species, but some features of their vestiture, leaf shape and capitulescence (different from area to area) suggest they may be hybrids or introgressants. Typical S. velutina is known from Baja California Norte, but from the Sierra San Pe- dro Martir, a number of collections have been made of plants, similar among themselves, with appressed stem pubescence and lanceolate leaves with acumi- nate apices. A similar situation exists in southwest Texas, where plants of S. velutina with appressed stem pubescence but with rounded leaf apices are common. With the exception of the new species proposed below, there are apparently no species in Mexico closely related to Solidago velutina, although it may occa- sionally hybridize with several, morphologically divergent ones there. Taylor & Taylor (1984) noted that S. velutina is closely allied with S. radula Nutt. and S. mollis Bartling of the eastern United States and with S. californica. Also included in this group of close relatives is S. nemoralts Ait. of the eastern United States. According to Taylor & Taylor (1984), the latter and S. mollis are set apart from the others by 1 nerved leaves (but see comments below). All of these taxa appear to be virtually identical in involucral and floral features, at least where their ranges meet in the midwestern United States. Taylor & Taylor (1984) narrowed the definition of Solidago mollis to a nar- row endemic of northern Texas and adjacent Oklahoma. Their key separates it from S. velutina by its 1 nerved leaves, but their short discussion notes that S. mollis has “3-ribbed” leaves; specimens in LL and TEX annotated by them include plants with 1 nerved and 3 nerved leaves. As indicated by comments by M.C. Johnston (1970) and his annotations, some of these plants seem to combine characters of S. nemoralis and other species, perhaps S. missourzensis Nutt. and S. petiolaris Ait., as well as S. velutina. Barkley (1986) in contrast, described S. mollis as “prominently 3-nerved” and as “one of our most dis- tinctive goldenrods, rarely to be confused with any other.” There is little in Barkley’s description of S. mollis, however, besides the “early-deciduous lower leaves” to separate it from S. velutina in the Great Plains, although in the key, he noted that S. velutzna has involucral bracts with distinctly acute tips vs the rounded to weakly acutish tips of S. mollis. Early deciduous lower leaves are common in S. velutina throughout most of its range. Weber (1976) used stem height and relative leaf width (narrowly vs broadly oblanceolate) to distinguish S. mollis from S. velutina in Colorado. Plants in LL and TEX iden- tified as S. mollis from Colorado, Montana and Wyoming in my judgment, are indistinguishable from S. velutina. Slightly further east, related plants tend Nesom: New Solidago and S. velutina 301 to have thicker leaves with coarser pubescence and at least some fasciculate leaves near the capitulescence, S. nemoralis-like features. Martin & Hutchins (1981) distinguished 5S. mollis, as well as Solidago how- ella Woot. & Standl., from S. velutina on the basis of “ovate to oblong” phyl- laries vs “linear to linear-lanceolate” ones, but of numerous S. velutina-like specimens from eastern New Mexico that I have examined, none could be placed in a species separate from S. velutzna. A more detailed and inclusive study may eventually show Solidago mollis (Bartling, Ind. Sem. Hort. Gotting. 5. 1836) to be the earliest name for the species that includes S. velutena. Both names were published in 1836, Solidago velutina in “early October 1836” (TL2), but I have not located a more specific date for S. mollis. Solidago nemoralis (Ait., Hort. Kew. 3:213. 1789) is the oldest name among all the species in the complex. Taylor & Taylor (1984) speculated that Solidago canadensis var. canescens A. Gray is more closely related to S. velutina than to S. canadensis. In con- trast, I find that the former, which occurs in Texas and northern Mexico, is indeed part of the S. canadensis complex, where it fits in habit, vestiture, and details of involucral and floral morphology (Nesom in prep.). A new species related to Solidago velutina. McVaugh (1984) included a single species in his treatment of Solidago from Nueva Galicia, México, and he identified it as S. scabrida (=S. velutina). He noted that the widespread form of the species in Mexico was “apparently the same species, but perhaps a form slightly different from ours ... .” The specimens he cited are different in several significant ways from S. velutina over its entire range, and I recognize them as a distinct species. Solidago macvaughii Nesom, spec. nov. TYPE: MEXICO. Aguascalientes: (Mpio. Rincon de Romos], 2 km S and 2 km E of Rincon de Romos, low, ungrazed meadow with some permanent wet places, [wet meadow with nearly permanent springs,| 2000 m, local in patches near the road, 4 Sep 1967, R. McVaugh 23663 (HOLOTYPE: MICH!-illustrated in McVaugh 1984, p. 855). S. veluttinae DC. habitu et capitulescentia similis sed differt caulibus purpuratis glabratis in partibus infernis, foliis serratulis, phyllariis textura tenuioribus sine costis aurantiaci-resinosis oblongi- oblanceolatis apicibus spathulatis. Perennials from short, fibrous-rooted rhizomes, spreading by slender stolons. Stems 0.7-1.0 m tall, glabrate on the lower part, moderately hispid hirtellous to puberulent above, the hairs spreading crinkly, sometimes slightly deflexed. 302 PHY 7T.0L(:61A volume 67(4):297-303 October 1989 Leaves scabrous ciliate, sparsely to densely and evenly hispidulous hirtellous on both surfaces to nearly glabrous, sometimes also minutely granular glandular, the cauline numerous (ca 30-50), the lower 4-7 cm long, 6-15 mm wide, oblance- olate, epetiolate, 3 nerved, serrulate with 9-15 pairs of mucronulate teeth, grad- ually reduced upwards, the middle and upper mostly 1.5-3.0 cm long, entire or nearly so, 1 nerved. Heads secund on slightly recurved branches, in a broadly pyramidal capitulescence 5-9 cm wide; phyllaries glabrous, strongly graduated in 3-5 series, the outer lanceolate to oblong lanceolate with acute to obtuse apices, the inner narrowly oblong oblanceolate with rounded spatulate apices, 3.5-4.5 mm long, the midvein greenish, not at all broadened near the apex or raised, the lamina very thin, with a broad, shallowly lacerate ciliate, hyaline margin extending around the margins and apex; receptacles deeply foveolate. Ray flowers 15-27, the ligules 1.5-2.5 mm long with toothed to deeply lobed apices; tube longer than the ligule. Disc flowers 8-14, the corollas 4.0-4.5 mm long. Achenes sparsely strigose, narrowly oblong, basally attenuate, mature size not observed; pappus of ca 30-40 bristles 2.5-3.5 mm long. Chromosome number unknown. Additional collection examined: MEXICO. Aguascalientes: [Mpio. Asien- tos], near Cienaga Grande, grassy pastured flats along a watercourse, 2000 m, locally abundant, 8 Sep 1967, McVaugh 23784 (MICH). As observed by McVaugh, these plants are very similar to Solidago velutina, particularly in their habit, capitulescence and vestiture, but they differ in a number of ways from all plants of the latter over its whole range. Solidago mac- vaughii is known only from the two collections in northeastern Aguascalientes, which is below the southern edge of the range of S. velutina; no collections of the latter have been made in Aguascalientes. The two species are further contrasted by the following couplet. 1. Habitats dry; stems greenish, evenly pubescent; leaves usually entire, oc- casionally shallowly serrate with 5-7(-14) pairs of teeth; inner phyllaries triangular lanceolate with definitely narrowed, acute to obtuse apices, with prominently orange resinous and raised midveins; ray flowers 7-9 fei ane Sowers (2 aot tt). YP cae ate cig eens Oe oe S. velutina 1. Habitats wet; stems purplish, glabrate below, puberulent above; leaves serrulate with 9-15 pairs of teeth; inner phyllaries oblong oblanceolate with broadened, rounded apices, with greenish, non-raised midveins; ray flowers 15:27 disc -fowere: 8-14 4, 2.64 ood Gi Re VES S. macvaughu Nesom: New Solidago and S. velutina 303 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank B.L. Turner and T.P. Ramamoorthy for reviews of the manuscript and MICH for a loan of specimens. LITERATURE CITED Barkley, T.M. 1986. Asteraceae. Pp. 838-1021, 7n Great Plains Flora Asso- ciation, Flora of the Great Plains. Univ. Press of Kansas, Lawrence. Johnston, M.C. 1970. Asteraceae. Pp. 1523-1736. Jn Correll, D.S. & M.C. Johnston. Manual of the Vascular Flora of Teras. Texas Research Foun- dation, Renner, Texas. Keck, D.D. 1959. Solidago. Pp. 291-296, In Abrams, L. & R.S. Ferris. /[lus- trated Flora of the Pactfic States, Vol. 1V. Stanford Univ. Press, Stan- ford, California. McVaugh, R. 1984. Flora Novo-Galicia, Vol. 12, Compositae. Univ. Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. Martin, W.C. & C.R. Hutchins. 1981. A Flora of New Mezico. J. Cramer, Vaduz. Taylor, C.E.S. & R.J. Taylor. 1984. Solidago (Asteraceae) in Oklahoma and Texas. Sida 10:223-251. Weber, W.A. 1976. Rocky Mountain Flora (ed. 5). Colorado Associated Univ. Press, Boulder. Welsh, S.L. 1983. Utah flora: Compositae (Asteraceae). Great Basin Natu- ralist 43:179-357. Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):304-306. A NEW SPECIES OF ERIGERON (ASTERACEAE: ASTEREAE) FROM ARIZONA Guy L. Nesom Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78713 USA ABSTRACT A new species, Erigeron piscaticus, is described from south cen- tral Arizona, where it is known only from Fish Creek Canyon of Mari- copa Co. and Aravaipa Canyon of adjacent Graham Co. It is a member of sect. Olygotrichium, most closely related to E. lobatus and E. velu- ttpes. KEY WORDS: Erigeron, Asteraceae, Astereae, Arizona. The species of Erigeron in Arizona have not been critically examined since Cronquist’s monographic study (1947). During the preparation of a taxonomic treatment of Erigeron for a new and forthcoming “Arizona Flora,” a novel species has come to light and is described below. Two other species, previously unknown for Arizona or the United States but more common in México, will be treated in a separate paper. Erigeron piscaticus Nesom, spec. nov. TYPE: UNITED STATES. Arizona: Maricopa Co., Fish Creek Canyon, {ca 3000 ft], 16 Jul 1931, R.A. Peebles & E.D. Eaton 7953 (HOLOTYPE: ARIZ!; Isotypes: LL!, US). E. lobato A. Nelson similis duratione et vestimento sed cauliis longioribus tenuioribus saepe decumbentibus, foliis minoribus in- tegris, et capitulis minoribus differt. Annuals from a slender taproot, producing numerous procumbent or as- cending decumbent branches from the base, the entire plant minutely but densely stipitate glandular and sparsely but evenly pilose with stiffly spread- ing trichomes mostly 1.0-1.5 mm long, with some petiolar cilia up to 2.0 mm long. Stems up to 40 cm long. Leaves obovate, sessile or with a short petio- lar region, not clasping, the largest near the base, slightly reduced upwards, mostly 10-22 mm long, 2-7 mm wide, entire or rarely with a single tooth, the apex apiculate. Heads 4-5 mm wide (pressed), terminal on ebracteate pe- duncles 10-40 mm long; phyllaries with a prominent, orange resinous midrib 304 Nesom: New Erzgeron from Arizona 305 and thin hyaline margins near the apex, in 2-3 series of nearly equal length, the innermost 2.8-3.4 mm long. Ray flowers 45-58 in 1-2 series, the corollas white, 3.5-3.7 mm long with ligules 0.4-0.6 mm wide, remaining more or less straight with maturity. Disc corollas 1.5-1.8 mm long, inflated and white in- durated just above the tube. Achenes 0.8-1.0 mm long, tan, sparsely strigose to glabrate; pappus of 8-11 bristles ca 2/3 as long as the disc corollas, with a few but prominent outer setae 0.1-0.2 mm long. Additional collections examined: UNITED STATES. Arizona: Maricopa Co., Fish Creek, Apache Trail, Oct 1929, Eastwood 15976 (CAS); Graham Co., Jackson Spring in Oak Grove Canyon, ca 3 mi by road S of confluence of Aravaipa and Turkey Creek, shaded canyon bottom, 3500 ft, 29 Jul 1979, Anderson & Warren 149 (ARIZ); Graham Co., Turkey Creek, 1/2 mi from jct with Aravaipa Creek, riparian woodland, 3300 ft, 8 Jul 1976, Bingham 2355 (ASU). The localities of the new species in Maricopa and Graham counties are within about 70 miles of each other. Similar sites in the intervening territory should be investigated for its occurrence. The type of Erigeron piscaticus was included by Cronquist (1947) in his concept of E. lemmoni A. Gray and cited among the specimens examined of the latter. With more specimens at hand, however, the two taxa can be seen to differ in numerous features, summarized in the couplet below. 1. Perennials; non glandular hairs of upper stems dense, 0.4-0.6 mm long; lower cauline leaves toothed or lobed; heads 7-8 mm wide, on peduncles 3-18 mm long; phyllaries in 3-4 strongly graduated series, the innermost 4.0-4.3 mm long; disc corollas 3.0-3.2 mm long, not inflated or indurated; merrerevices. ca SU00-O000 fh oe ieee es oe ok eee E. lemmonit 1. Annuals; non glandular hairs of upper stems sparse, 1.0-1.5 mm long; lower cauline leaves entire; heads 4-5 mm wide, on peduncles 10-40 mm long; phyllaries in 2-3 series of nearly equal length, the innermost 2.8-3.4 mm long; disc corollas 1.5-1.8 mm long, inflated and indurated; sandy aaron bottoms, 2000-3500 ft. .).-2jy> Anuecall + mage peewee wee E. piscaticus Although both Erigeron lemmoni and E. piscaticus are members of Eriger- on sect. Olygotrichitum Nutt. (Nesom 1989), the new species is apparently most closely related to E. lobatus A. Nelson and E. velutipes Hook. & Arn., with which it shares the very distinctive vestiture, rays that typically dry blue and habitats at relatively low elevations. Cronquist also recognized this relationship, though inadvertently, as he annotated the CAS specimen (cited above) as “FE. lobatus.” The three taxa are distinguished by the following key. 1. Leaves lobed, often pinnatifid; heads 6-10 mm wide; inner phyllaries 3.5-4.5 mm long; achenes 1.2-1.4 mm long; Arizona, southern Nevada, north- eORecir, MENDON S's ag ne esate c's DRA oa Sa Pew ee eee E. lobatus 306 PHYTOLOGIA volume 67(4):304-306 October 1989 1. Leaves entire to few toothed; heads 4-7(-9) mm wide; inner phyllaries mostly 2.5-3.5 mm long; achenes 0.8-1.1 mm long; Arizona, western MiaeiG6nwssd. a sigs, adisunl savers Bi ak At wer soa shee spice nee (2) 2. Leaves usually few toothed, less commonly entire; heads 5-7(-9) mm wide; ray corollas 5.0-5.5 mm long; disc corollas 1.7-2.4 mm long; Pacific slope of Mexico, from Sonora and Chihuahua to i oe a cating xe eee een ee E. velutipes 2. Leaves entire, rarely with a single tooth; heads 4-5 mm wide; ray corollas 3.5-3.7 mm long; disc corollas 1.5-i1.8 mm long; south cen- fret A ic detest irs eevee deta Aa wevenne as sans ders BE. piscaticus ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank B.L. Turner and T.P. Ramamoorthy for reviews of the manuscript and the staff of ARIZ and ASU for loans of specimens. LITERATURE CITED Cronquist, A. 1947. Revision of the North American species of Erigeron, north of Mexico. Brittonia 6:121-302. Nesom, G.L. 1989. Infrageneric taxonomy of New World Erigeron (Composi- tae: Astereae). Phytologia 67:67-93. Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):307-311. CONSPECTUS OF THE MEXICAN SPECIES, BRICKELLIA SECUNDIFLORA (LAG.) A. GRAY, AND ITS INFRASPECIFIC CATEGORIES B.L. Turner Department of Botany, University of Texas Austin, Texas 78713 USA ABSTRACT Brickellia secundiflora is a widespread common species of the Cen- tral Plateau region of México, occurring from southern Coahuila to northern Oaxaca. It is readily distinguished from most other species by having its upper leaves mostly alternate, pendulent heads and pubescent receptacles. Four regional varieties within this complex are recognized: 1) var. secundiflora, occurring along the eastern portions of the Central Plateau; 2) var. parryi, occurring in the south central portion; 3) var. nepetifolia, occurring along the western periphery; and 4) var. montt- cola, occurring in western Jalisco along the Pacific slopes. A key to the taxa is provided and a dot map showing the distribution of each is presented. One new combination, B. secundiflora var. parryi (A. Gray) B. Turner, has proved necessary. KEY WORDS: Brickellia, Asteraceae, Eupatorieae, Mexico, sys- tematics. Robinson (1917) recognized two varieties under the common, relatively widespread, Mexican species, Brickellia secundiflora. McVaugh (1984) re- tained both of these, but added a third, var. monticola. I will recognize all of these in my forthcoming treatment of Brickellia for the Asteraceae of México. In addition, I recognize a fourth infraspecific taxon, var. parryz, which includes elements of McVaugh’s concept of var. monticola. The four regional taxa are essentially allopatric, as shown in Figure 1. The several varieties can be dis- tinguished using the following key. Specimens intermediate between the taxa, or approaching one or the other, may be found near regions of contact. Ad- ditional comments upon the characters which distinguish between them, and relevant synonymy, are given under the names listed. Key to varieties 1. Peduncles to some extent glandular-pubescent, either throughout or with mixed eglandular and glandular hairs; florets mostly 8-20 per BORE? Joties:.p 7M ness bos gianed «oy went oes sae Re ee eta | eee Bey (2) 308 PHY TOLOG IA volume 67(4):307-311 October 1989 1. Peduncles without glandular hairs; florets mostly 20-30 per head .... (3) 2. Florets mostly 8-15(-17) per head; receptacles sparsely pubescent; achenes densely pubescent throughout ............ var. nepetifolra 2. Florets mostly 15-21 per head; receptacles sparsely to densely pubes- cent; achenes sparsely to moderately pubescent, usually in distinct HEROR | hsc oe te aw g 1s ON aM aan cate a cates oe var. secundzflora 3. Involucres 13-15 mm high, the bracts more or less abruptly acute or obtuse-apiculate; western Jalisco ...................00- var. monticola 3. Involucres 11-13 mm high, the bracts gradually acuminate; widespread Pgs ire teeta signs cb cn seaweed Same ae one ero eee var. parryt Brickellia secundiflora (Lag.) A. Gray, Pl. Wright 2:85. 1852. var. secundt- flora. Eupatorium secundiflorum Lag., Gen. Sp. Pl. 25. 1816. Bulbostylis secundiflora (Lag.) DC., Prodr. 5:138. 1836. Coleosanthus secundiflorus (Lag.) Ktze., Revis. Gen. Pl. 328. 1891. Coleosanthus cavanillestz Cass., Dict. Sci. Nat. 10:37. 1817. Bulbostyls cavanillesw (Cass.) DC., Prodr. 5:138. 1836. Bulbostylis scorodonifolia Kunth, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 12. 1847. Brickellia saltillensis B.L. Robins., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 43:37. 1907. As noted by both Robinson (1917) and McVaugh (1984), var. secundzflorus is a taxon of the eastern portions of the Central Plateau ranging from south- ern Tamaulipas to northern Oaxaca. It grades into var. parryi to the west and is very similar to var. nepetifolia, the latter occurring along the western portions of the Central Plateau, possessing fewer florets to a head and sparsely pubescent receptacles. Although recognized by Robinson (1917) as distinct, I cannot retain B. saltillensis, the type material (F!,GH!) being essentially the same as var. secundzflora as conceived here. Brickellia secundtflora (Lag.) A. Gray var. monticola McVaugh, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 9:383. 1972. My concept of this taxon is essentially the same as that of Mc Vaugh except that I would exclude the several collections which he cites from Michoacan, all of which I would include in var. parryi. Some of these are somewhat inter- mediate to var. monticola but can be distinguished by their somewhat smaller heads and thinner, gradually acuminate involucral bracts. 309 Conspectus of Brickellia secundiflora Turner: a ‘SQNQUCA OD UONNQUISIO TiO;Oulces oijercug “L old i } i ( ' BICO!}UOW iBA -9 2Of1ydau Jen -@ ; \Asiaed YEA - 3 '2UCI}IDUND@S JBA- + —_—————_, SS + 310 PH YT OLTGOGTA volume 67(4):307-311 October 1989 Brickellia secundiflora (Lag.) A. Gray var. nepetifolia (H.B.K.) B.L. Robins., Mem. Gray Herb. 1:82. 1917. Eupatorium nepetifolium H.B.K., Nov. Gen. Sp. 4:87. 1818. Brickellia seemanni A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 15:30. 1879. Coleosan- thus seemanni (A. Gray) Ktze., Revis. Gen. Pl. 328. 1891. Brickellia palmert var. amphothriz B.L. Robins., Mem. Gray Herb. 1:74. 1917. Robinson (1917) retained Brickellia seemannu but McVaugh (1984) noted that “The species is not very different from Brickellia secundiflora,” excluding this from his Flora Novo-Galiciana as perhaps doubtful. I have little hesitation in placing B. seemannit in synonymy here. Occasional plants of var. nepetzfolia will have eglandular peduncles, or nearly so, but these are otherwise typical. Brickellia secundiflora (Lag.) A. Gray var. parryi (A. Gray) B. Turner, comb. nov. Based upon Brickellia parrys A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 15:31. 1879. Coleosanthus parry: (A. Gray) Ktze., Revis. Gen. PI. 328. 1891. Brickellta parryt var. micacea B.L. Robins., Mem. Gray Herb. 1:83. 1917. I cannot distinguish Brickellia parry: from B. secundiflora. Indeed, it ap- pears to be comprised of populational forms of B. secundiflora which merely lack glandular trichomes on the peduncles. With the description of var. mi- cacea, Robinson created the automatic varietal name parryi, which is adopted here, as mandated by the most recent Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Mc- Vaugh (1984) would presumably include much of what I call var. parryz in his concept var. monticola (see comments under the latter); if logically ex- panded so as to include those specimens of B. secundiflora with numerous flowered heads (20+ florets) and strictly eglandular peduncles, the var. mon- ticola would fall into synonymy under the earlier var. parryi. In any case, I view var. monticola as a very distinct varietal unit, occurring at relatively high elevations along the Pacific slopes of western Jalisco (2000-2300 m), rec- ognized by its larger involucres with thickened striate involucral bracts which are abruptly acuminate at the apices. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study, including the map (Figure 1), is based upon the examination of approximately 140 specimens from the following herbaria (F,GH,LL,MICH, TEX,WIS). Vouchers for the representative specimens are listed in the ap- pendix below. I am grateful to the Directors concerned for the loan of their material. Guy Nesom and Beryl Simpson reviewed the manuscript. Turner: Conspectus of Brickellia secundiflora 311 LITERATURE CITED McVaugh, R. 1984. Brickellra, in Flora Novo-Galiciana 12:153-187. Robinson, B.L. 1917. A monograph of the genus Brickellia. Mem. Gray Herb. 1:1-151. APPENDIX: REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS (ALL FROM MEXICO)* Brickellia secundiflora var. monticola: JALISCO: Mc Vaugh 11794 (MICH [holotype!]); Mc Vaugh 20528 (LL,MICH); Iltis 1056 (TEX,WIS). Brickellia secundiflora var. nepettfolza: COAHUILA: Villareal 1791 (TEX); Henrickson 13101 (LL), form with eglandular peduncles. DURANGO: Breedlove 15543 (MICH); Gentry 6909, 6925 (MICH). AGUASCALIENTES: Rzedowski 24995 (MICH). GUANAJU- ATO: McVaugh 24100 (MICH). JALISCO: Feddema 2286 (MICH); Mc Vaugh 20613A (MICH), intermediate with var. parry. ZACATECAS: Bartholomew 3602 (TEX). Brickellia secundtflora var. parryt: SAN LUIS POTOSI: Parry & Palmer 363(F! lisotype]); Turner 76-2 (LL). JALISCO: McVaugh 22010 (LL). MICHOACAN: King 4763 (TEX). Brickellia secundtflora var. secundiflora: COAHUILA: Pringle 10082 (isotype of B. saltillensis, LL!). NUEVO LEON: Sundberg 3123 (TEX). HIDALGO: Barrie 801 (TEX). MEXICO: Gar- cia 1416(TEX). PUEBLA: Tenorio 14286 (MEXU,TEX). VERACRUZ: Turner 15429 (TEX,XAL). OAXACA: Tenorto 7953 (MEXU,TEX). *The holdings at LL, TEX include 54 specimens, as follows: var. secundt- flora (22); var. monticola (2); var. nepetifolia (22); var. parryi (8). These have all been annotated by the present author. Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):312-330. A PROVISIONAL CHECKLIST OF THE BROMELIACEAE OF ECUADOR Harry E. Luther Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, 811 South Palm Avenue, Sarasota, Florida 34236 USA ABSTRACT Based on field work and herbarium study, 16 genera, 363 species and 32 subspecific taxa of Bromeliaceae are recorded from Ecuador. The new combination, Pepinia carnosa-sepala (Rauh & Gross) Luther, is validated KEY WORDS: Bromeliaceae, Ecuador, floristics, Neotropics. The following checklist of Ecuadorian bromeliad taxa is based on nine years of field work and herbarium study. All specimens of Ecuadorian Bromeliaceae at AAU,GB,MO,NY,QCA,QCNE,S,SEL,US,USF,WSU have been examined. This list is presented preliminary to the full family treatment in the Flora of Ecuador published by the Department of Systematic Botany, University of Goteborg, and the Section for Botany, Riksmuseum, Stockholm, in coopera- tion with Pontifica Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Quito. Additions and comments are solicited. The re-establishment of the genus Pepinia Brongn. ez Andre requires the following new combination: Pepinia carnosa-sepala (Rauh & Gross) Luther, comb. nov. (BASIONYM: Pitcairnia carnosa-sepala Rauh & Gross, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 60:26. 1987). PROVISIONAL CHECKLIST Aechmea abbreviata L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:434 (1959). Aechmea aciculosa Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):620 (1904). Aechmea angustifolia Poeppig & Endlicher, Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2:43 (1838). 312 Luther: Checklist of Ecuadorian Bromeliaceae 313 Aechmea chantinit (Carriere) Baker, Handb. Bromel. 49 (1889). Aechmea chanttinit var. chantini f. amazonica (Ule) Luther, Selbyana 10:56 (1987). Aechmea chantini var. fuchsia Luther, Selbyana 10:56 (1987). Aechmea cucullata Luther, Selbyana 10:56 (1987). Aechmea drakeana André, Rev. Hort. 60:401 (1888). Aechmea eggersit Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:238 (1896). Aechmea frasert Baker, Handb. Bromel. 61 (1889). Aechmea hoppit (Harms) L.B. Smith, Phytologia 4:213 (1953). Aechmea involucrata André, Enum. Bromel. 4. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:564. 16 Dec 1888. Aechmea magdalenae (Andre) André ez Baker, Handb. Bromel. 65 (1889). Aechmea mertensi (Meyer) Schultes f. in Roemer & Schultes, Syst. 7:1272 (1830). Aechmea mezicana Baker, J. Bot. 17:165 (1879). Aechmea moorei Luther, J. Brom. Soc. 30:176 (1980). Aechmea nidularioides L.B. Smith, Phytologia 4:356 (1953). Aechmea nivea L.B. Smith, Caldasia 1(4):13 (1942). Aechmea nudicaulis (Linnaeus) Grisebach, Fl. Brit. W. Indies 593 (1864). Aechmea penduliflora André, Enum. Bromel. 3. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:563. 16 Dec 1888. Aechmea pyramidalis Bentham, Bot. Sulphur 173 (1844). Aechmea retusa L.B. Smith, Phytologia 10:484 (1964). Aechmea romerot L.B. Smith, Phytologia 5:282 (1955). Aechmea servitensis André var. ezigua L.B. Smith, Phytologia 4:358 (1953). Aechmea streptocalycoides Philcox, Kew Mag. 2:198 (1985). Aechmea strobilacea L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:435 (1959). 314 PHY T.OLO-GHA volume 67(4):312-330 October 1989 Aechmea tayoensis Gilmartin, Selbyana 5:308 (1981). Aechmea tessmannit Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9:1153 (1927). Aechmea tillandsioides (Mart. er Schultes f.) Baker, J. Bot. 17:134 (1879). Aechmea veitchu Baker, Bot. Mag. 103:t. 6329 (1877). Aechmea woronowt Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11:60 (1930). Aechmea zebrina L.B. Smith, Phytologia 4:358 (1953). Ananas ananassoides (Baker) L.B. Smith, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 7:70 (1939). Ananas bracteatus (Lindley) Schultes f. in Roemer & Schultes, Syst. 7:1286 (1830). Ananas comosus (Linnaeus) Merrill, Interp. Rumph. Amboin. 133 (1917). Ananas lucidus Miller, Gard. Dict. ed. 8, no. 4 (1768). Billbergia decora Poeppig & Endlicher, Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2:42 (1838). Billbergia macrolepis L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 114:3 (1936). Billbergia stenopetala Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9:1153 (1927). Bromelia pinguin Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 285 (1753). Bromelia plumieri (E. Morren) L.B. Smith, Phytologia 15:173 (1967). Catopsis berteroniana (Schultes f.) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:621 (1896). Catopsis nutans (Swartz) Grisebach, Fl. Brit. W. Indies 599 (1864). Catopsis sessiliflora (Ruiz & Pavon) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:625 (1896). Greigia atrobrunnea Luther, Selbyana 7:351 (1984). Greigia mulfordit L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:286 (1949). Greigia sodiroana Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):619 (1904). Greigia vulcanica André, Enum. Bromel. 3. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:563. 16 Dec 1888. Guzmania acuminata L.B. Smith, Phytologia 4:359 (1953). Luther: Checklist of Ecuadorian Bromeliaceae 315 Guzmanza aequatorialis L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:435 (1959). Guzmanza alborosea Luther, Selbyana 9:186 (1986). Guzmania altsonu L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 89:7 (1930). Guzmania andreettae Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 58:46 (1986). Guzmania angustifolia (Baker) Wittmack, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 11:62 (1889). Guzmania asplundit L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:436 (1959). Guzmania bakeri (Wittmack) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:933 (1896). Guzmania barbieae Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 53:46 (1985). Guzmania bicolor L.B. Smith, Phytologia 13:457 (1966). Guzmania bipartita L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:437 (1959). Guzmanua bracteosa (André) Andre ez Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:908 (1896). Guzmania brasiliensis Ule, Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 48:147 (1907). Guzmania candelabrum (André) André ex Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:935 (1896). Guzmania confusa L.B. Smith, Phytologia 21:85 (1971). Guzmania conifera (André) André er Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:911 (1896). Guzmania cortostachya (Grisebach) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:914 (1896). Guzmania densiflora Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(3):226 (1903). Guzmania devansayana E. Morren, Belg. Hortic. 33:113 (1883). Guzmania diffusa L.B. Smith, Caldasia 5:2 (1948). Guzmania ecuadorensts Gilmartin, Phytologia 16:166 (1968). Guzmania eduardit André ex Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:947 (1896). Guzmania foetida Rauh., Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 60:52 (1986). Guzmania fostertana L.B. Smith, Phytologia 7:107 (1960). 316 PHY T2050 G9A volume 67(4):312-330 October 1989 Guzmania fuerstenbergiana (Kirchoff & Wittmack) Wittmack, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 11:61 (1890). Guzmania fusispica Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(5):112 (1905). Guzmanza globosa L.B. Smith, Phytologia 4:362 (1953). Guzmania gloriosa (André) André ex Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:922 (1896). Guzmanta gracilior (André) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:937 (1896). Guzmania graminifolia (Andre er Baker) L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 104:74 (1934). Guzmania hitchcockiana L.B. Smith, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 70:148 (1935). Guzmania lehmanniana (Wittmack) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:934 (1896). Guzmania lepidota (André) André ez Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:941 (1896). Guzmania lingulata (Linnaeus) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:899 (1896). Guzmania lingulata var. cardinalis (André) André ez Mez zn C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:900 (1896). Guzmania lingulata var. flammea (L.B. Smith) L.B. Smith, Phytologia 7:105 (1960). Guzmania lingulata var. minor (Mez) L.B. Smith & Pittendrigh, Phytologia 7:105 (1960). Guzmania lychnis L.B. Smith, Phytologia 4:363 (1953). Guzmania melinonts Regel, Gartenflora 34:116 (1885). Guzmania monostachia (Linnaeus) Rusby er Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:905 (1896). Guzmania morreniana (Linden Hortus) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:932 (1896). Guzmania mosquerae (Wittmack) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:924 (1896). Guzmania multiflora (André) Andre ex Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:939 (1896). Luther: Checklist of Ecuadorian Bromeliaceae 317 Guzmania musaica (Linden & André) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:898 (1896). -Guzmania nicaraguensis Mez & Baker ez Mez, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30:436 (1903). Guzmania obtusiloba L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 104:74 (1934). Guzmania osyana (E. Morren) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:914 (1896). Guzmania paniculata Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(5):116 (1905). Guzmania patula Mez & Werckle in Feddes, Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni Veg. 14:255 (1916). Guzmania pearcet (Baker) L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 104:74 (1934). Guzmania pennellii L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 98:30 (1932). Guzmania poortmanit (André) André er Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:922 (1896). Guzmania puyoensis Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 27:18 (1979). Guzmania rauhiana Luther, J. Brom. Soc. 38:104 (1988). Guzmania remyi L.B. Smith, Phytologia 19:285 (1970). Guzmania retusa L.B. Smith, Fieldiana, Bot. 28:143 (1951). Guzmania rhonhofiana Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 14:329 (1939). Guzmania roezlii (E. Morren) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:948 (1896). Guzmania rosetflora Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 43:38 (1983). Guzmania rubro-lutea Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 27:20 (1979). Guzmania sanguinea (André) Andre ez Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:901 (1896). Guzmania sanguinea var. brevipedicellata Gilmartin, Phytologia 16:164 (1968). Guzmania scherzeriana Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:949 (1896). Guzmania septata L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:437 (1959). Guzmania sibundoyorum L.B. Smith, Phytologia 4:364 (1953). 318 PHY TOLOGIA volume 67(4):312-330 October 1989 Guzmania sneiderni L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 117:9 (1937). Guzmania sphaeroidea (Andre) André er Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:942 (1896). Guzmania sprucei (André) L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 104:75 (1934). Guzmania squarrosa (Mez & Sodiro) L.B. Smith & Pittendrigh, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 43:403 (1953). Guzmania striata L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:438 (1959). Guzmania tarapotina Ule, Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 48:147 (1907). Guzmania testudinis L.B. Smith & R.W. Read, Phytologia 41:333 (1979). Guzmania teuscheri L.B. Smith, Bull. Bromeliad Soc. 9:86 (1960). Guzmania vanvolzemii (André) André er Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:938 (1896). Guzmania variegata L.B. Smith, Phytologia 7:108 (1960). Guzmania weberbauert Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(5):114 (1905). Guzmania wittmacku (André) André ez Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:921 (1896). Guzmania zanthobractea Gilmartin, Phytologia 16:165 (1968). Mezobromelia bicolor L.B. Smith, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 70:151 (1935). Mezobromelia fulgens L.B. Smith, Lloydia 11:303 (1948). Mezobromelia lyman-smithii Rauh & Barthlott, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 16:215 (1976). Neoregelia aculeatosepala Rauh, Akad. Wiss. Lit. Mainz 1976,16:53 (1976). Neoregelia eleutheropetala (Ule) L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 104:78 (1934). Neoregelia mooreana L.B. Smith, Phytologia 8:227 (1962). Neoregelia myrmecophila (Ule) L.B. Smith, Smithsonian Misc. Collect. 126: 30,147 (1955). Neoregelia pendula L.B. Smith, Phytologia 9:244 (1963). Neoregelia pendula var. brevifolia L.B. Smith, Phytologia 9:245 (1963). Luther: Checklist of Ecuadorian Bromeliaceae 319 Pepinia alborubra (Baker) Varadarajan & Gilmartin, Syst. Bot. 13:297 (1988). Pepinia aphelandriflora (Lemaire) André, Ill. Hort. 17:32 (1870). Pepinia carnosa-sepala (Rauh & Gross) Luther, Phytologia 67(4):311 (1989). Pepinia harlingit (L.B. Smith) Varadarajan & Gilmartin, Syst. Bot. 13:298 (1988). Pitcairnia aequatorialis L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 114:6 (1936). Pitcairnia alata L.B. Smith, Lloydia 11:304 (1948). Pitcairnia arcuata (André) Andre, Enum. Bromel. 5. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:565. 13 Dec 1888. Pitcairnia bakert (André) André ez Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:460 (1896). Pitcairnia brittoniana Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:451 (1896). Pitcairnia brongniartiana Andre, Enum. Bromel. 5. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:565. 13 Dec 1888. Palerisia Orimmescens L.B. Smith, Contr. U-S. NatliHerb: 29:300, (1949). Pitcairnia caduciflora Rauh & Gross, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 65:22 (1988). Pitcairnia commizta L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:303 (1949). Pitcairnia cosangaensis Gilmartin., J. Brom. Soc. 29:106 (1979). Pitcairnia dendroidea André, Enum. Bromel. 4. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:564. 13 Dec 1888. Pitcatrnia devansayana André er Baker, Handb. Bromel. 409 (1889). Pitcairnia dodsonii Luther, Selbyana 7:90 (1982). Pitcairnia dracaenoides Luther, Selbyana 5:313 (1981). Pitcairnia elliptica Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):624 (1904). Pitcairnia elongata L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:304 (1949). Pitcairnia erratica L.B. Smith, Lloydia 11:305 (1948). Pitcatrnia fusca Luther, J. Brom. Soc. 31:64 (1981). Pitcairnia heterophylla (Lindley) Beer, Bromel. 68 (1857). 320 PHY Ti LGA volume 67(4):312-330 October 1989 Pitcatrnia hitchcockiana L.B. Smith, Phytologia 41:331 (1979). Pitcairnia lehmannu Baker, J. Bot. 19:273 (1881). Pitcairnia lutescens Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):626 (1904). Pitcairnia macranthera André, Enum. Bromel. 5. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:565 13 Dec 1888. Pitcairnia matdifolia (C. Morren) Decaisne, in Planchon, Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 9:151 (1854). Pitcatrnia nigra (Carriere) André, Enum. Bromel. 5. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:565. 13 Dec 1888. Pitcairnia nobilis Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):623 (1904). Pitcairnia.oblongifolia L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:438 (1959). Pitcairnid pavenii Mex ae DOO Mohogs. Plan. 9386 (1898): Pitcairnia poepptgiana Mez in Mart., Fl. Bras. 3:461 (1894). Pitcairnia poortmanu André, Enum. Bromel. 4. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:564. 13 Dec 1888. Pitcairnia prolifera Rauh., Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 60:39 (1987). Pitcairnia pulchella Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:459 (1896). Pitcairnia pungens Kunth in H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:294 (1816). Pitcairnia refleriflora André, Enum. Bromel. 4. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:564. 13 Dec 1888. Pitcairnia refleziflora var. minor L.B. Smith & R.W. Read, Phytologia 30(5): 290 (1975). Pitcairnia riparia Mez, Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni Veg. 12:416 (1913). Pitcairnia sceptriformis Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):628 (1904). Pitcairnia sceptrigera Mez, Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni Veg. 3:7 (1906). Pitcairnia simulans Luther, Selbyana 7:91 (1982). Pitcairnia sodtroi Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):622 (1904). Pitcairnia spectabilis Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:421 (1896). Luther: Checklist of Ecuadorian Bromeliaceae 321 Pitcairnia trianae André, Enum. Bromel. 4. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:564. 13 Dec 1888. Pitcairnia trianae var. retusa L.B. Smith, Lloydia 11:305 (1948). Pitcairnia unilateralis L.B. Smith, Phytologia 8:11 (1961). Pitcairnia violascens L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:439 (1959). Pitcairnia volubilis L.B. Smith, Phytologia 5:33 (1954). Pitcairnia x datsyana Luther, J. Brom. Soc. 34:272 (1984). Puya aequatorialis André, Enum. Bromel. 5. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:565. 13 Dec 1888. Puya clava-herculis Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):863 (1904). Puya compacta L.B. Smith, Lloydia 11:305 (1948). Puya eryngiotdes André, Enum. Bromel. 5. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:565. 13 Dec 1888. Puya ezigua Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:495 (1896). Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pavon) L.B. Smith, Phytologia 16:461 (1968). Puya glomerifera Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):630 (1904). Puya hamata L.B. Smith, Phytologia 52:49 (1982). Puya lanata (Kunth in H.B.K.) Schultes f. in Roemer & Schultes, Syst. 7:1233 (1830). Puya maculata L.B. Smith, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 8:26 (1952). Puya nutans L.B. Smith, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 8:27 (1952). Puya obconica L.B. Smith, Lloydia 11:306 (1949). Puya parviflora L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:316 (1949). Puya pichinchae Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):633 (1904). Puya pygmaea L.B. Smith, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 8:27 (1952). Puya retrorsa Gilmartin, Phytologia 57:455 (1985). Puya roseana L.B. Smith, Phytologia 7:421 (1961). 322 PHY TOLOGIA volume 67(4):312-330 October 1989 Puya sodiroana Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):630 (1904). Puya thomasiana André, Enum. Bromel. 5. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:565. 13 Dec 1888. Puya trianae Baker, Handb. Bromel. 124 (1889). Puya vestita André, Enum. Bromel. 5. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:565. 13 Dec 1888. Puya waist L.B. Smith, Phytologia 7:421 (1961). Ronnbergia deleonti L.B. Smith, Phytologia 9:247 (1963). Ronnbergia didularioudes Lapher, J. Hrom. Soc, 3329 (1983). Streptocalyz biflorus L.B. Smith, Phytologia 24:448 (1972). Streptocalyr geminiflorus Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 12:527 (1935). Streptocalyz longifolius (Rudge) Baker, Handb. Bromel. 31 (1889). Streptocalyz pallidus Luther, J. Brom. Soc. 30:256 (1980). Streptocalyz williams L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 98:14 (1932). Tillandsia acosta-solisii Gilmartin, Phytologia 16:160 (1968). Tillandsia adpressa André, Enum. Bromel. 6. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:566. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsia adpressa var. miniata Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 13:5 (1974). Tillandsia adpressa var. tonduziana (Mez) L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 89:8 (1930). Tillandsia adpressiflora Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:661 (1896). Tillandsia aequatorialis L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:258 (1968). Tillandsia ampla Mez & Sodiro ex Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):1134 (1904). Tillandsia anceps Loddiges, Bot. Cab. 8:t. 771 (1823). Tillandsia arcuans L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:436 (1951). Tillandsia asplundii L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:441 (1959). Tillandsia bakeri L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 95:45 (1931). Luther: Checklist of Ecuadorian Bromeliaceae 323 Tillandsia barbeyana Wittmack in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 11:66 (1889). Tillandsia barthlotti Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 12:12 (1974). Tillandsia biflora Ruiz & Pavon, Fl. Peruv. 3:41 (1802). Tillandsia brenneri Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 33:12 (1981). Tillandsia brevicapsula Gilmartin, Phytologia 16:156 (1968). Tillandsia bulbosa Hooker, Exot. Fl. 3:t. 173 (1826). Tillandsia buseri Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(3):145 (1903). Tillandsia caerulea Kunth in H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:291 (1816). Tillandsia capillaris Ruiz & Pavon, Fl. Peruv. 3:42 (1802). Tillandsia cernua L.B. Smith, Phytologia 5:401 (1956). Tillandsia chartacea L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:437 (1951). Tillandsia clavigera Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:783 (1896). Tillandsia compacta Grisebach, Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Gott. “1864”:18 (1865). Tillandsia complanata Bentham, Bot. Sulphur 173 (1846). Tillandsia confertiflora André, Enum. Bromel. 7. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:567. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsia confinis L.B. Smith, Phytologia 4:218 (1953). Tillandsia confinis var. caudata L.B. Smith, Phytologia 8:499 (1963). Tillandsia cornuta Mez & Sodiro in Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(5):106 (1905). Tillandsia cucullata L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:193 (1958). Tillandsia cyanea Linden ez Koch, Wochenschrift 10:140 (1867). Tillandsia cyanea var. tricolor (André) L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:491 (1951). Tillandsia delicatula L.B. Smith, Phytologia 5:36 (1954). Tillandsia demissa L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:527 (1954). Tillandsia denudata André, Enum. Bromel. 8. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:568. 13 Dec 1888. 324 PHYTOLOGIA volume 67(4):312-330 October 1989 Tillandsia dichrophylla L.B. Smith, Phytologia 5:283 (1955). Tillandsia dielsi1 Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 12:534 (1935). Tillandsia disticha Kunth in H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:292 (1816). Tillandsia dodsonit L.B. Smith, Phytologia 28:32 (1974). Tillandsia dyeriana André, Enum. Bromel. 8. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:568. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsia elegans L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:528 (1954). Tillandsia emergens Mez & Sodiro ez Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):1132 (1904). Tillandsia fendlert Grisebach, Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Gott. “1864”:17 (1865). Tillandsia fendleri var. reducta (L.B. Smith) L.B. Smith, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 14(3):48 (1967). Tillandsia flagellata L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:258 (1958). Tillandsia floribunda Kunth in H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:292 (1816). Tillandsia frasert Baker, Handb. Bromel. 187 (1889). Tillandsia fusiformis L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:438 (1951). Tillandsia gayi Baker, Handb. Bromel. 179 (1889). Tillandsia gilmartiniae L.B. Smith, Phytologia 9:247 (1963). Tillandsia hamaleana E. Morren, Gard. Chron. 2:460 (1869). Tillandsta hauggtt Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 52:46 (1985). Tillandsia hemkeri Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 16:28 (1976). Tillandsia hirtzii Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 18:12 (1976). Tillandsia homostachya André, Enum. Bromel. 7. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:567. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsia humboldtit Baker, Handb. Bromel. 203 (1889). Tillandsia humilis Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1:125 (1827). Tillandsia incarnata Kunth in H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:291 (1816). Luther: Checklist of Ecuadorian Bromeliaceae 325 Tillandsia inconspicua André, Enum. Bromel. 8. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:568. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsia indigofera Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):1131 (1904). Tillandsia ionochroma André er Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:801 (1896). Tillandsia juncea (Ruiz & Pavon) Poiret, Encycl. Suppl. 5:309 (1817). Tillandsia lajensis André, Enum. Bromel. 7. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:567. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsia laminata L.B. Smith, Phytologia 9:253 (1963). Tillandsia latifolia Meyen, Reise 2:45 (1835). Tillandsia latifolia var. divaricata (Bentham) Mez, C.DC. Monogr. Phan. 9:789 (1896). Tillandsia lehmannii Rauh, Akad. Wiss. Lit. Mainz 1974(8):15 (1974). Tillandsia lymaniu Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 13:16 (1974). Tillandsia maculata Ruiz & Pavon, Fl. Peruv. 3:40 (1802). Tillandsia michelit Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(3):146 (1903). Tillandsia mima L.B. Smith, Caldasia 3:244 (1945). Tillandstia monadelpha (E. Morren) Baker, J. Bot. 25:281 (1887). Tillandsia monticola Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):1135 (1904). Tillandsia multiflora Bentham, Bot. Sulphur 174 (1844). Tillandsia multiflora var. decipiens (André) L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 89:13 (1930). Tillandsia multiflora var. tomensis L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 89:13 (1930). Tillandsia narthecioides Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1:125 (1827). Tillandsia naundorfii Rauh & Barthlott, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 16:26 (1976). Tillandsia nervisepala (Gilmartin) L.B. Smith, Phytologia 28:36 (1974). Tillandsia orbicularis L.B. Smith, Phytologia 5:38 (1954). 326 PHY TOGQEQGIA volume 67(4):312-330 October 1989 Tillandsia oroyensis Mez, Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni Veg. 16:77 (1919). Tillandsia pachyazon L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:259 (1958). Tillandsia parviflora Ruiz & Pavon, Fl. Peruv. 3:41 (1802). Tillandsia parviflora var. erpansa L.B. Smith, Phytologia 22:87 (1971). Tillandsia pastensts André, Enum. Bromel. 8. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:568. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsia pectinata André, Enum. Bromel. 7. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:567. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsia pendulispica Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:745 (1896). Tillandsia penlandi L.B. Smith, Lilloa 6:384 (1941). Tillandsia penlandii var. pedunculata L.B. Smith, Lilloa 6:385 (1941). Tillandsia pinnata Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):1130 (1904). Tillandsia platyrhachis Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:848 (1896). Tillandsia polyantha Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):1127 (1904). Tillandsia polystachia (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 410 (1762). Tillandsia pretiosa Mez, Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni Veg. 16:78 (1919). Tillandsia pruinosa Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 1:594 (1797). Tillandsia pugiformis L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 89:13 (1930). Tillandsia pyramidata André, Bromel. Andr. 86 (1889). Tillandsia quadripinnata Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(5):105 (1905). Tillandsta queroensis Gilmartin, Phytologia 16:159 (1968). Tillandsia recurvata (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 410 (1762). Tillandsia rhodosticta L.B. Smith, Phytologia 28:37 (1974). Tillandsia rhomboidea André, Enum. Bromel. 6. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:566. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsia riocreuzu André, Enum. Bromel. 7. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:567. 13 Dec 1888. Luther: Checklist of Ecuadorian Bromeliaceae 327 Tillandsia ropalocarpa André, Enum. Bromel. 6. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:566. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsta rubella Baker, J. Bot. 26:44 (1888). Tillandsia rubro-violacea Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 27:10 (1979). Tillandsta scaligera Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(5):107 (1905). Tillandsta sceptriformis Mez & Sodiro ex Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(5):101 (1905). Tillandsia schimperitana Wittmack in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 11:67 (1889). Tillandsia schunket L.B. Smith, Phytologia 28:37 (1974). Tillandsia secunda Kunth in H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:294 (1816). Tillandsita seemanni (Baker) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:737 (1896). Tillandsia stnuosa L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 89:14 (1930). Tillandsta sodirot Mez, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):1133 (1904). Tillandsia spathacea Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):1129 (1904). Tillandsta spiculosa Grisebach, Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Gott. “1864”:17 (1865). Tillandsta spiculosa var. micrantha (Baker) L.B. Smith, Phytologia 19:288 (1970). Tillandsta spiculosa var. ustulata (Reitz) L.B. Smith, Phytologia 19:288 (1970). Tillandsta spiralipetala Gouda, J. Brom. Soc. 36:165 (1986). Tillandsia stenoura Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 12:537 (1935). Tillandsia stenoura var. mauroi Gilmartin, Phytologia 16:156 (1968). Tillandsia stenoura var. tripinnata (L.B. Smith) L.B. Smith, Phytologia 28:37 (1974). Tillandsia straminea Kunth in H.B.K., Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:292 (1816). Tillandsia subulata André, Enum. Bromel. 7. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:567. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsta superba Mez & Sodiro, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(4):1132 (1904). Tillandsia tandapiana Luther, Selbyana 7:91 (1982). 328 PHY T@LOG haz volume 67(4):312-330 October 1989 Tillandsia tectorum E. Morren, Belg. Hortic. 27:328 (1877). Tillandsia tenuispica Andre, Enum. Bromel. 7. 13 Dec 1888. Rev. Hort. 60:567. 13 Dec 1888. Tillandsza tetrantha var. aurantiaca (Grisebach) L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 89:15 (1930). Tillandsia tetrantha var. densiflora (André) L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 89:15 (1930). Tillandsia tetrantha var. miniata (André) L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 89:15 (1930). Tillandsta tetrantha Ruiz & Pavon var. ramostor L.B. Smith, Phytologia 13:41 (1966). Tillandsia tetrantha var. scarlatina (André) L.B. Smith, Contr. Gray Herb. 89:15 (1930). Tillandsia tovarensis Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:769 (1896). Tillandsia triglochinoides Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1:125 (1827). Tillandsia tripinnata (Baker) Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:745 (1896). Tillandsta truncata L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:530 (1954). Tillandsia truncata var. major Luther, Selbyana 5:314 (1981). Tillandsia ultima L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:442 (1951). Tillandsita umbellata André, Rev. Hortic. 58:60 (1886). Tillandsia undulatobracteata Rauh, Akad. Wiss. Lit. Mainz 1974(8):6 (1974). Tdlandsta undulifolia Mez in C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 9:739 (1896). Tillandsia usneoides (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 411 (1762). Tillandsia venusta Mez & Werckle, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2(5):108 (1905). Tillandsia walter: Mez, Repert. Nov. Sp. Regni Veg. 3:43 (1906). Tillandsia wurdacki L.B. Smith, Phytologia 9:254 (1963). Tillandsia zarumensis Gilmartin, Phytologia 20:174 (1970). Vriesea albo-rubrobracteata Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 16:221 (1976). Luther: Checklist of Ecuadorian Bromeliaceae 329 Vriesea andreettae Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 43:22 (1983). Vriesea appendiculata (L.B. Smith) L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:445 (1951). Vriesea appentt Rauh, Bull. Bromeliad Soc. 19:111 (1969). Vriesea arpocalyz (André) L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:445 (1951). Vriesea barclayana (Baker) L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:517 (1951). Vriesea barclayana var. minor Gilmartin, Phytologia 16:164 (1968). Vriesea capttuligera (Grisebach) L.B. Smith & Pittendrigh, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 43:402 (1953). Vriesea curvispica Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 42:21 (1983). Vriesea cylindrica L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:445 (1951). Vriesea drewit L.B. Smith, Phytologia 5:401 (1956). Vriesea espinosae (L.B. Smith) Gilmartin, Phytologia 16:163 (1968). Vriesea fragrans (André) L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:443 (1951). Vriesea gladioliflora(Wendland) Antoine, Wiener Ill. Gart.-Zeitung 5:98 (1880). Vriesea haltoni Luther, Selbyana 7:348 (1984). Vriesea heliconioides (Kunth in H.B.K.) Hook. ez Walpers, Belg. Hortic. 24:313 (1874). Vriesea heterandra (André) L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:443 (1951). Vriesea hitchcockiana (L.B. Smith) L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:446 (1951). Vriesea hygrometrica (André) L.B.Smith & Pittendrigh, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 43:402 (1953). Vriesea tncurva (Grisebach) R.W. Read, Phytologia 16:458 (1968). Vriesea kupperiana Suessenguth, Bot. Arkiv. 39:384 (1939). Vriesea limonensis Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 43:19 (1983). Vriesea monstrum (Mez) L.B. Smith, Phytologia 18:61 (1968). 330 PHY T:OLe Gia volume 67(4):312-330 October 1989 Vriesea olmosana var. pachamae Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 43:28 (1983). Vriesea paupera (Mez & Sodiro) L.B. Smith & Pittendrigh, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 43:403 (1953). Vriesea petraea (L.B. Smith) L.B. Smith, Phytologia 20:168 (1970). Vriesea rauhw L.B. Smith, Phytologia 6:194 (1958). Vriesea ringens (Grisebach) Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10:801 (1929). Vriesea sanguinolenta Cogniaux & Marchal, Pl. Ornem. pl. 52 (1874). Vriesea strobelii Rauh, Trop. & Subtrop. Pflanz. 18:17 (1976). Vriesea tequendamae (André) L.B. Smith, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29:444 (1951). Vriesea viridiflora (Regel) Wittmack ez Mez, Pflanzenreich IV Fam. 32:387 (1935). Vriesea zamorensis (L.B. Smith) L.B. Smith, Phytologia 20:174 (1970). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank Drs. John T. Atwood and Eric Christenson for their comments on the original draft of the manuscript. Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):331-334. WILDFLOWER INVENTORY, SODA BUTTE CAMPGROUND, GALLATIN NATIONAL FOREST, MONTANA, 12 AUGUST 1989 Walter L. Meagher 922 Bath Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48103 USA ABSTRACT Forbs growing in a study plot in a montane meadow in Montana were surveyed and are listed. KEY WORDS: Floristics, Rocky Mountains, Montana. Of the Rocky Mountain flora, Rydberg (1922) estimated 1055 genera and 6029 species. A more conservative contemporary estimate gives 5000 species for the region (Craighead, et al. 1963). At Soda Butte Campground, in a 10 meter square study plot, we counted 41 species in 20 genera, excluding grasses, sedges and trees. The campground meadow, though adjacent to burned areas, escaped the fires that in the summer of 1988 raged down the slope just across the road (Rt. 212). In the understory of the burned conifer wood, the massed colors of dom- inant Epilobium angustifolium and Helianthella uniflora were stunning. But across the road in the meadow, there was a greater diversity of flowering plants without the dominance of one or a few species. There were no trees in the plot itself; these were to be found around the perimeter as described below. If grasses and early blooming annuals had been counted and allowance made for specimens missed or overlooked in our examination of the meadow, the diversity of herbaceous plants in this space might easily reach 60 species. Location and Layout of the Study Area The study site was selected because it showed a rich diversity of wild- flowers. The meadow itself, extending between Rt. 212 and the campground service road, is the only open space within Soda Butte Campground. The campground, maintained by the National Forest Service, is within the Gal- latin National Forest, 1.5 mi NE of Cooke City, Park County, Montana, and is 7816 ft above sea level. There were three edges where shade would be provided to an otherwise entirely open sunny space. These were: (1) to the west, on the border of Rt. 212, within the shade of charred conifers; (2) to the east, along the park road, shaded by mature conifers, mostly spruce; and (3) most 331 332 PERCYTODO GIA volume 67(4):331-334 October 1989 attractive of all, to the north, an edge of trees and bushes along the course of a streambed (in August dry), forming strongly shaded coves within, and protected places without (Delphinium, Mertensia and Aquilegia grew here). Vouchers were not made. A Field Guide to the Rocky Mountain Wildflowers (Craighead, et al. 1963) was used to identify the species. Inventory RANUNCULACEAE 1 Agquzlegia coerulea E! R? PT? 2 Delphinium occidentale E R PT 3. Thalictrum thalictroides E R FT CARYOPHYLLACEAE 4 Arenaria sp. O R FT POLYGONACEAE 5 Eriogonum heracleozdes E C FT/FW SALICACEAE 6 Salix subcoerulea E A O BRASSICACEAE 7 Drabasp. E R FT GROSSULARIACEAE 8 Ruibes inerme E R FT CRASSULACEAE 9 Sedum stenopetalum O C FW ROSACEAE 10 = Potentilla gracilis E R FW 11 = Fragaria sp. O C O FABACEAE 12 Astragalus tegetarius O C FT 13 Lupinus sericeus O A FW/FT 14 = Trifolium sp. O A O ONAGRACEAE 15 Epilobtium angustifolium O/E A FW/FT GERANIACEAE 16 Geranium richardsonit E C FT/FW APIACEAE 17. ~—- Perideridia gairdnert O C FW/FT 18 Heracleum lanatum E R FW BORAGINACEAE 19 Lithospermum incisum O R O 20 Mertensia ciliata E R FW LAMIACEAE 21 Monarda menthaefolia O C FT Meagher: Wildflower inventory, Soda Butte, Montana SCROPHULARIACEAE 22 Casttlleza miniata 23 ~=Pedicularts bracteosa CAMPANULACEAE 24 Campanula rotundifolia RUBIACEAE 25 Galium boreale ASTERACEAE 26 =© Achillea millefolitum 27 Agoseris aurantiaca 28 Agoseris glauca 29. Anaphallis margaritacea 30 = Aster integrifolius 31 Cirsium vulgare 32. Chrysopsts villosa 33 Helanthella uniflora 34 Erigeron sp. 35 Lactuca pulchella 36 =©©Senecio integerrimus 37 Solidago sp. 38 Tarazacum officinale 39 Tragopogon porrifolius 40 Vigutera sp. LILIACEAE 4] Smilacina stellata ' O = open area without shade of trees or shrubs; E = edge. * R = rare; C = common; A = abundant. a 2 Re Ia Se 9 ee a a NS © e) eo] pe a OO G @ we Oe. & C2 aaa ‘?) aw 333 FW budding FW/FT FW /FT FW FT * O = neither fruiting nor flowering; FW = flowering; FT = fruiting. In some plants, the two phases-flowering and fruiting, are coeval. Of Castilleja, Lupinus and Epilobium, this is true. The more dominant phase is given first when both are present. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank Guy Nesom and B.L. Turner for their reviews of the first and final manuscript. 334 PHY TOLO GIA volume 67(4):331-334 October 1989 LITERATURE CITED Craighead, J.J., F.C. Craighead, Jr. & R.J. Davis. 1963. A Freld Guide to Rocky Mountain Wildflowers. Houghton Mifflin, Co., Boston. Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Flora of the Great Plains. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence. Rydberg, P.A. 1922. Flora of the Rocky Mountains. New York. Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):335-336. LOUISIANA LACHNOCAULON (ERIOCAULACEAE) Barbara R. MacRoberts 740 Columbia, Shreveport, Louisiana 71104 USA ABSTRACT A summary of the status of the Lachnocaulon species reported from Louisiana is presented. KEY WORDS: Floristics, Lachnocaulon, Eriocaulaceae, Louisiana. Three Lachnocaulon species, L. anceps (Walt.) Morong, L. digynum Korn. and L. minus (Chapm.) Small, have been reported for Louisiana (Bridges & Orzell 1989; MacRoberts 1989). I have examined all Louisiana Lachnocaulon from DUKE,LAF,LSU,LSUS,LTU,NATC,NLU,NO and NOLS. Lachnocaulon anceps. In addition to the parishes shown in MacRoberts (1989), there are voucher specimens of this species for Beauregard (LAF, Kral 20156), Calcasieu (LAF, Thieret 29403) and LaSalle (LTU, Fallin 1017) parishes. Lachnocaulon digynum. This taxon has been reported recently for Louisiana for Beauregard, Natchitoches and Vernon ‘parishes (Bridges & Orzell 1989). Lachnocaulon minus. All Louisiana reports of L. minus are misidentified L. anceps or L. digynum (Correll & Correll 1941; MacRoberts 1984; MacRoberts 1989; MacRoberts & MacRoberts 1988; Taylor 1984; Taylor & Thomas 1985). No Louisiana voucher specimen for this taxon was located. In a previous paper (MacRoberts & MacRoberts 1988) on Louisiana bogs, we reported only L. minus from Strange Road Bog (Natchitoches Parish). This identification should be corrected to L. anceps and L. digynum. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS R. Dale Thomas, Nelwyn Gilmore, D.T. MacRoberts and David Taylor helped clear up problems in the literature. The curators of the herbaria listed above are to be thanked for the loan of specimens, with special thanks to Dr. Don Rhodes, curator LTU and Dr. Robert Kral, curator Vanderbilt University. 335 336 PHY TOLROGGIA volume 67(4):335-336 October 1989 LITERATURE CITED Bridges, E.L. & S.L. Orzell. 1989. Additions and noteworthy vascular plant collections from Texas and Louisiana with historical, ecological and ge- ographical notes. Phytologia 66:12-69. Correll, D.S. & H.S. Correll. 1941. A collection of plants from Louisiana. Amer. Mid]. Naturalist 26:30-64. MacRoberts, B.R. & M.H. MacRoberts. 1988. Floristic composition of two west Louisiana pitcher plant bogs. Phytologia 65:184-190. MacRoberts, D.T. 1984. The vascular plants of Louisiana. Bull. Museum of Life Sciences 6. LSU-Shreveport. MacRoberts, D.T. 1989. A documented checklist and atlas of the vascu- lar flora of Louisiana. Part 1. Bull. Museum of Life Sciences 7. LSU- Shreveport. Taylor, D.D. 1984. A preliminary survey of the vascular flora of Washington and St. Tammany Parishes, Louisiana. M.S. thesis, Northeast Louisiana University, Monroe. Taylor, D.D. & R.D. Thomas. 1985. A preliminary checklist of the vascular flora of Washington and St. Tammany Parishes, Louisiana. Contr. Herb. Northeast Louisiana Univ. 6. Monroe, Louisiana. ; Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):337-338. NEW NAMES AND COMBINATIONS FOR MEXICAN ASTERACEAE (TRIBE EUPATORIEAE) B.L. Turner Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78713 USA ABSTRACT Seven new combinations and two new names in the tribe Eupato- rieae (Asteraceae) for México are proposed: Eupatorium cymuliferum (B.L. Robins.) B. Turner, comb. nov.; E. dibollii (King & H. Robins.) B. Turner, comb. nov.; E. matudae (King & H. Robins.) B. Turner, comb. nov.; E. ravenii (King & H. Robins.) B. Turner, comb. nov.; E. reyrobinsonii (B. Turner) B. Turner, comb. nov.; E. richardsonii (B. Turner) B. Turner, comb. nov.; E. enigmaticum B. Turner, nom. nov.; E. zacuapanum B. Turner, nom. nov.; and Eupatoriastrum corvi (McVaugh) B. Turner, comb. nov. KEY WORDS: Nomenclature, Asteraceae, Eupatorieae, México. In the preparation of a systematic treatment of the Asteraceae for Mexico, the following new names and combinations in the tribe Eupatorieae were deemed necessary: NEW NAMES Eupatorium enigmaticum B. Turner, nom. nov. Based upon Fletschman- nia guatemalensis King & H. Robins., Phytologia 31:306. 1975. Not Eupatorium guatemalense Regel ex Walp., 1852. Eupatorium zacuapanum B. Turner, nom. nov. Based upon Flezschman- nia purpusi King & H. Robins., Phytologia 28:81. 1974. Not Eupatorium purpusi Brandegee, 1899. NEW COMBINATIONS Eupatoriastrum corvi (McVaugh) B. Turner, comb. nov. Based upon Eu- patorium corvt McVaugh, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 9:389. 1972. Eupatorium cymuliferum (B.L. Robins.) B. Turner, comb. nov. Based upon Brickellia cymulifera B.L. Robins., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 51:538. 1916. 337 338 PHYTOQLOGEA volume 67(4):337-338 October 1989 Eupatorium dibollii (King & H. Robins.) B. Turner, comb. nov. Based upon Kyrsteniopsis dibolliz King & H. Robins., Phytologia 24:58. 1972. Eupatorium matudae (King & H. Robins.) B. Turner, comb. nov. Based upon Fletschmannia matudae King & H. Robins., Phytologia 28:78. 1974. Eupatorium ravenii (King & H. Robins.) B. Turner, comb. nov. Based upon Koanophyllon raveni King & H. Robins., Phytologia 22:150. 1971. Eupatorium reyrobinsonii (B. Turner) B. Turner, comb. nov. Based upon Koanophyllon reyrobinsonu B. Turner, Phytologia 52:495. 1983. Eupatorium richardsonii (B. Turner) B. Turner, comb. nov. Based upon Koanophyllon richardsonu B. Turner, Phytologia 52:496. 1983. Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):339-341. A NEW SPECIES OF VIGUIERA (ASTERACEAE: HELIANTHEAE) FROM NUEVO LEON, MEXICO B.L. Turner Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78713 USA ABSTRACT A new species, Viguiera nesomii, is described and illustrated from northeastern Mexico. It belongs to the series Grammatoglossae of Vigu- tera, where it relates to V. parkinsoni1. KEY WORDS: Asteraceae, Viguzera, México. Routine identification of Mexican Compositae has revealed the following novelty. Viguiera nesomii B. Turner, spec. nov. (Figure 1). TYPE: MEXICO. Nuevo Leon: Mcpio. Zaragoza, ca 2 mi NE of Cerro Pena Nevada (24° 48’N, 99° 51’W), rocky, open, N facing slope with Agave, low shrubs, Zaluzania and Psacalium, 2690 m, 23 Aug 1989, Guy Nesom 7123 with John Norris (HOLOTYPE: TEX!|unicate]; Xerotype: MEXU!). Vigutera parkinsonu Hemsl. similis sed capitulis majoribus era- diatis et foliis integris appressi-sericeis in paginis infernis differt. Stiffly erect perennial herbs ca 1 m high. Leaves (on primary stems) mostly alternate above, subopposite or subternate below, the secondary branches ei- ther alternate above or opposite throughout; petioles 1-5 mm long; blades mostly ascending, lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic, 5-8 cm long, 0.7-1.5 cm wide, trinervate from or near the base, appressed strigose above, appressed soft sericeous beneath, the surfaces abundantly atomiferous glandular, the margins entire or nearly so. Heads 3, hemispheric, terminal or subterminal, eradiate, borne on stout ultimate peduncles 5-9 cm long. Involucres broadly campan- ulate, 3-4 seriate, the bracts subequal, ovate-lanceolate, 10-11 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, appressed pubescent, indurate at the base. Receptacle convex, the pales 9-10 mm long, grading into the bracts. Ray florets absent. Disk florets numerous, the corollas yellow or brownish yellow, 5-6 mm long, the tubes ca 1 mm long, the lobes ca 1 mm long, hispidulous. Anther sacs black. Achenes 339 Octcber 1989 volume 67(4):339-341 PHYTOLODGIA 340 from holotype. nesomii, Viguiera Pig: ?: Turner: New species of Vigurera from México 341 (immature) ca 5 mm long, pubescent, the pappus of 2 scales 3-4 mm long, between these, several short scales 0.5-1.0 mm long. Viguiera nesomit appears to belong to a group of species belonging to the subgenus Calanticarza, section Chloraca, series Grammatoglossae, as treated by Blake (1918). It is seemingly most similar to V. parkinsoniz of the Sierra Madre Occidental of western México (Sinaloa, Durango, Nayarit and Jalisco) but is readily distinguished by its entire leaves, eradiate heads and soft appressed vestiture. It is a pleasure to name the species for my colleague and curator of the Plant Resources Center (LL,TEX), Dr. Guy Nesom, who wished to emphasize that in spite of much local exploration at the site concerned, only a single individual of the species was located. The root was not collected. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am grateful to Dr. Guy Nesom for the Latin diagnosis and to both him and Dr. A. McDonald for reviewing the manuscript itself. LITERATURE CITED Blake, S.F. 1918. A revision of the genus Viguzera. Contr. Gray Herb., n. ser. 54:1-205. Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):342-345. A NEW SPECIES OF ASTER (ASTERACEAE: ASTEREAE) FROM MEXICO Guy L. Nesom Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78713 USA ABSTRACT A new species of Aster, A. hintonii, is proposed from Guerrero, Mexico. A key separates five closely related Mexican species centered around A. oblongtfoltus of subg. Virgulus, including A. moranensis, to which A. hintonit is most closely related. KEY WORDS: Aster, Asteraceae, Astereae, Mexico. Study of collections of Mexican Aster has revealed a previously undescribed species. Aster hintonii Nesom, spec. nov. TYPE: MEXICO. Guerrero: Distr. Mina, Aguazarca Filo, oak forest, 21 Dec 1937, Hinton, et al. 11316 (HOLO- TYPE: LL!). Aster moranensi Kunth similis vestimento eglanduloso, caulibus strictis pauci-ramosis capitulis solitariis, foliis oblongis, phyllariis valde imbricatis, et corollis radii albidis sed differt vestimento dense hirsuti-piloso et pappo setorum rubiginosorum. Plants 4-8 dm tall, a “shrub” according to paratype label; base not seen. Stems strictly erect, with a few, stiffly ascending branches near the top, densely hispid pilose with thick based, sharply attenuated, curving and slightly crisped trichomes, eglandular. Lower leaves oblong-obovate, 25-32 mm long, 8-11 mm wide, entire, epetiolate, not clasping, strigose-hirsute on both surfaces, ob- long above, slightly reduced in size upwards, 12-18 mm long at midstem, spreading-ascending, very evenly distributed, continuing to immediately be- low the heads. Heads solitary, hemispheric, 10-14 mm wide (pressed); phyllar- ies strongly graduated in 6-8 series, narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, apiculate, with a sharply delimited, herbaceous apical patch, short hirsute, white in- durated with narrow, hyaline margins below the apex, the innermost 8-9 mm long, with erect, deltate-triangular apices, the outer 1/3-1/2 as long, with rounded, spreading apices. Ray flowers 25-30 in 1 series, the corollas white, 8-10 mm long, the ligules ca 1.0 mm wide, coiling. Disc flowers narrowly 342 Nesom: New species of Aster from México 343 obcuneate-oblanceolate, 4.9-5.2 mm long, the upper half sparsely strigose, the lobes triangular-deltate, 0.8 mm long; style branches with narrowly triangular collecting appendages 0.5 mm long. Achenes densely strigose, mature size not observed; pappus of 28-31 dull reddish, barbellate bristles. Additional collection examined: MEXICO. Guerrero: Distr. Galeana, Teote- pec, pine and oak forest, 2200 m, 26 Dec 1937, Hinton, et al. 11148 (LL). Aster hintonit is similar and apparently most closely related to the more widespread A. moranensis in its eglandular vestiture, strictly erect, few branched stems with solitary heads and even sized, evenly distributed leaves, strongly graduated, apiculate phyllaries, and white ray corollas (the geographically re- stricted A. moranensis var. turneri Sundberg & Jones has blue corollas). The new species is different in its densely hirsute-pilose (vs sparse and appressed to glabrous) vestiture and its distinctly reddish (vs white) pappus bristles. Aster hintoni apparently occupies a small area to the southwest of, and allopatric with, A. moranensis. The two collections were made from localities more than 100 kilometers apart. To further clarify the identity of Aster hintonw and taxa closely related to it, the following key is presented to five similar species of the “A. oblongifolius” group, all of which occur in México and are members of Aster subg. Virgulus (Rafin.) A. Jones. The only other members of subg. Virgulus in Mexico are A. falcatus Lindl. and A. ericoides L., which constitute sect. Multiflor: (A. Gray) R.A. Nelson (Jones 1980a) and A. fendler: A. Gray, which is more peripherally related to the A. oblongifolius group. The following species have sessile, oblong, subclasping, 3 nerved, and evenly distributed leaves, mostly solitary heads on few branched or unbranched stems, and multi-nerved achenes. 1. Plants eglandular; stems densely leafy bracteate immediately below the Reerrayreerdilas white... .2cg083 rel As Se (4) 1. Upper stems, leaves and phyllaries (or sometimes only the phyllaries) prominently stipitate glandular; stems sparsely leafy bracteate immedi- ately below the heads; ray corollas white or blue ................... (2) 2. Plants rhizomatous; inner phyllaries nearly completely hyaline scar- ious, without an apical herbaceous patch; rays blue; south central IS EAMES oo a os wn: ndeunis wibge'artrieied pense Glen A. gypsophilus B. Turner 2. Plants rhizomatous or cormose; innermost to the outer phyllaries with an apical herbaceous patch, indurated scarious below; rays Wrmelorblue 2.66). (04.0.5. ABR OO, A A ee ee (3) 3. Plants from slender rhizomes, these sometimes thickening, but without a corm; rays blue; northern Coahuila, eastern New Mexico, Texas and widespread in the eastern United States ........ A. oblongtfolius Nutt. 344 PHY TORmMGIA volume 67(4):342-345 October 1989 3. Plants from a thick corm, not rhizomatous; rays white; sierra of Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas through Hidalgo, México and Puebla, to Chiapas and iGiatemalaiis.4 tive avuaded. A. trilineatus Schultz-Bip. ex Klatt 4. Stems sparsely appressed strigose to glabrous; pappus bristles whitish; ray corollas white (blue in var. turnerz); southern Durango, Jalisco and Michoacan through northern Guerrero to Veracruz, south to SEE TT ae Pee og eee ORD ee SRY Mle oe yee A. moranensts Kunth 4. Stems densely hirsute pilose; pappus bristles distinctly dull reddish; rays corollas white; west central Guerrero ............ A. hintoni Aster moranensis (including A. lima Lindl.) and A. trilineatus (the latter as A. bimater Standl. & Steyerm.) were included by Almut Jones (1980a) in sect. Patentes Torr. & A. Gray, but they are clearly very similar and closely telated to A. oblongifolius, the type of sect. Oblongifoli (Rydb.) A. Jones. Ronald Jones (1983) did not include A. moranensis or A. triltneatus in his strict concept of sect. Patentes. Semple & Brouillet (1980a) treated the species of both of the Patentes and Oblongifoli: subgroups (sensu A. Jones), along with other species, as an enlarged sect. Grandiflorae (Torr. & A. Gray) Semple & Brouillet of the genus Lasallea. Aster grandiflorus L. appears to differ most significantly from the A. oblongifolius group only in its stems with spreading branches, and these species should be treated as part of the same taxonomic unit. | further agree with Semple & Brouillet that [subgenus] Vizrgulus is best viewed as comprising three sections: 1) sect. Multiflor:(A. Gray) R.A. Nelson, with A. ertcotdes and A. falcatus; 2) sect. Concolores Torr. & A. Gray, with A. concolor L. and A. sericeus Vent.; and 3) sect. Grandiflori Torr. & A. Gray, with the remainder, a large (ca 15-16 species) and morphologically variable and intergrading group, including, for example, A. grandiflorus, A. oblongifolius, A. patens Ait., A. novae-angliae L. and A. carolinianus Walt. The reported chromosome number for Aster gypsophilus of n = 9 pairs (Turner 1974) is somewhat anomalous in subg. Virgulus, which mostly has z = 5. Aster gypsophilus, however, is almost certainly most closely related to the species centered around A. oblongifolius and is particularly similar to both A. trilineatus and A. oblongtfolius in its glandular vestiture. Further, the phyletic interpretation of chromosome numbers in subgenus Virgulus is tempered by the discovery that A. carolinianus also has a chromosome number of n = 9 pairs (Jones 1985, and confirmed by Scott Sundberg in several unpublished counts) and that A. concolor has n = 4 and 8 pairs (Jones 1980b; Semple & Brouillet 1980b). Whatever the formal taxonomy, the group comprising Aster oblongtfolius and closely related species with solitary heads is the only subgroup of the genus Aster (as presently recognized) to have radiated primarily in Mexico. Nesom: New species of Aster from México 345 Machaeranthera sect. Psilactis (A. Gray) B. Turner & Horne, however, which appears to be closely related to Aster but whose taxonomic position has not yet been clarified, also is primarily endemic to México. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank Billie Turner and David Morgan for their review and comments on the manuscript. LITERATURE CITED Jones, A.G. 1980a. A classification of the New World species of Aster ( Aster- aceae). Brittonia 32:230-239. . 1980b. Data on chromosome numbers in Aster (Asteraceae), with comments on the status and relationships of certain North American species. Brittonia 32:240-261. 1985. Chromosomal features as generic criteria in the Astereae. Taxon 34:44-54. Jones, R.L. 1983. A systematic study of Aster sect. Patentes (Asteraceae). Sida 10:41-81. Semple, J.C. & L. Brouillet. 1980a. A synopsis of North American asters: the subgenera, sections and subsections of Aster and Lasallea. Amer. J. Bot. 67:1010-1026. . 1980b. Chromosome numbers and satellite chromosome morphol- ogy in Aster and Lasallea. Amer. J. Bot. 67:1027-1039. Turner, B.L. 1974. Aster gypsophila (Compositae), a new endemic gypsophile from north-central Mexico. Southw. Nat. 19:123-125. Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):346-355. NEW TAXA AND NAME CHANGES IN MEXICAN PECTIS (ASTERACEAE) David J. Keil Biological Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407 USA ABSTRACT Two new species, Pectis amplifolia Keil and P. exilis Keil, are described and illustrated, the former from southern Oaxaca and the lat- ter from localities scattered from Jalisco to Oaxaca. New combinations, P. elongata H.B.K. var. fasciculiflora (DC.) Keil and P. holochaeta (S.F. Blake) Keil, are proposed, and P. holochaeta var. cana Keil is described as new. Chromosome numbers of n=12 are reported for both varieties of P. holochaeta. KEY WORDS: Pectis, Asteraceae, Mexico, systematics, chromo- somes. RESUMEN Se describen y se ilustran dos especies nuevas, Pectis amplifolia Keil y P. exilis Keil, la primera del sur de Oaxaca y la segunda de varias localidades entre Jalisco y Oaxaca. Se proponen combinaciones nuevas, P. elongata H.B.K. var. fasciculiflora (DC.) Keil y P. holochaeta (S.F. Blake) Keil, y se describe P. holochaeta var. cana Keil. Se reportan numeros de cromosomas de n=12 para ambas variedades de P. holochaeta. In ongoing monographic studies of Pectzs (Asteraceae) I have discovered several unnamed taxa. Those from México are described here and two new combinations are proposed. Pectis amplifolia Keil, spec. nov. (Figure 1). TYPE: MEXICO. Oaxaca: Mpio. Jamiltepec, Pinotepa Nacional, 75 m, 25-31 Dec 1974, L.W. Boege 3349 (HOLOTYPE: MEXU). Herbae perennes(?), caulibus plus quam 40 cm longis, erec- tis(?), crassis, purpurascentibus, in lineis puberulis, glabratis; odor foliorum ignotus. Folia oblanceolata vel obovata, plus minusve suc- culenta, 3.5-5 cm longa, 1-2 cm lata, in ramis floribus reducta et 346 Keil: New names and taxa of Mexican Pectis 347 bractiformia, apicem versus late rotundata, basin versus decres- centia, 1-2 paribus nervorum ascendentium pinnate nervata, prope basim 1-2 paribus setarum 1-4 mm longarum ciliata, in superfi- ciebus ambabus glabra vel subglabra, in superficie abaxiale punc- tata glandibus pellucidis circularibus numerosis circa 0.2 mm di- ametro. Capitula aliquot usque ad numerosa in cymis dichasial- ibus foliatis; pedunculi 2-4 cm longi, minute puberuli, 5-6 bracte- olis dispersis alternantibus lanceolatis squamiformibus circa 1 mm longis. Involucra campanulata vel subcylindracea; phyllaria 4-7, oblongo-oblanceolata, 5-5.5 mm longa, 1.2-2.2 mm lata, glandibus pellucidis oblongis vel linearibus punctata, apice ciliolata, aliter glabra. Flosculi radii 5-7; corollae 6-8 mm longae. Flosculi disci circa 20; corollae circa 4 mm longae, bilabiatae labio anteriore anguste circa 1.5 mm longo, 4-5-plo longiore quam 4 lobis labii posterioris. Achenia flosculi radii 2.5-3 mm lata, adaxiale dense puberula, abaxiale glabra, epapposa, singulatim decidua con phyl- lariis subtentibus. Achenia flosculi disci 2-2.5 mm longa, uniforme sparse puberula; pappus setaceus setis circa 25, inaequabilibus, 2-4 mm longis, antrorse scabridis. Chromosomatum numerus ignotus. Perennial(?), stems more than 40 cm long, erect(?), stout, purple, spar- ingly puberulent in lines, glabrate; scent of herbage, if any, unknown. Leaves oblanceolate or obovate, + succulent, 3.5-5 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, reduced and bractlike on flowering branchlets, at apex broadly rounded, tapering at base, pinnately veined with 1-2 pairs of ascending lateral nerves, basally cil- iate with 1-2 pairs of bristles 1-4 mm long, glabrous or nearly so on both surfaces, on abaxial surface dotted with numerous circular pellucid glands ca 0.2 mm in diameter. Heads several to many in open leafy bracted, dichasial cymes; peduncles 2-4 cm long, minutely puberulent, bearing 5-6 scattered al- ternate lanceolate scale-like bractlets ca 1 mm long. Involucres campanulate or subcylindric; phyllaries 5-7, oblong-oblanceolate, 5-5.5 mm long, 1.2-2.2 mm wide, dotted and streaked with oblong to linear pellucid glands, apically tufted-ciliolate, otherwise glabrous. Ray florets 5-7; corollas 6-8 mm long. Disk florets ca 20; corolla ca 4 mm long, bilabiate with the narrow anterior lip ca 1.5 mm long, 4-5 times the length of the 4 lobes of the posterior lip. Ray achenes 2.5-3 mm long, adaxially densely puberulent, abaxially glabrous, epappose, falling individually with subtending phyllaries. Disk achenes 2-2.5 mm long, uniformly sparsely puberulent; pappus of ca 25 unequal antrorsely scabrid bristles 2-4 mm long. Chromosome number unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type collection in southern Oaxaca. 348 PHY T?O:L.OGTA volume 67(4):346-355 October 1989 Figure 1. Pectis amplifolia Keil. A. Habit. B. Leaf, abaxial surface. C. Phyllary. D. Ray corolla. E. Disk corolla. F. Ray achene, abaxial surface to the left. G. Disk achene. C-G, same scale. Drawn from Boege 3349 (MEXU). Keil: New names and taxa of Mexican Pectis 349 Relationships. Pectis amplifolia probably is most closely related to P. canescens, also of coastal southern México, from which it differs in the much broader leaves, the numerous cymosely clustered heads, and the completely epappose ray achenes. It has the broadest leaves known in any species of Pectis-hence the specific epithet. Pectis exilis Keil, spec. nov. (Figure 2). TYPE: MEXICO. Jalisco: dry hills near Guadalajara, 6 Oct 1903, Pringle 8760 (HOLOTYPE: US; Isotypes: ARIZ,ASU,BM,CAS(3),CM,E(2),F,FI(2),GH,GOET,K,L(3),LE,LL, M(2),MEXU,MICH,MO(2),MSC,MU,NMC,NY,P(2),PH,POM,PR,R, SMU,UC,Z). Herbae annuae vel interdum perennes, odoratae. Caules gracil- limi, 5-30 cm longi, plerumque ubique diffuse cymosae, glabri vel puberuli. Folia anguste linearia, 1-3 cm longa, 1-1.5 mm lata, apice acuta vel setosa, proximale vel in longitudine omne ciliata paribus setorum 4-8, 1-2 mm longorum, glabra vel in margine et abaxiale in nerva media scaberula, lamina in quoque laterale nervi medii abaxiale punctata glandibus pellucidis 0.2-0.3 mm diametro in se- rie una vel seriebus duabus. Capitula aliquot ad usque numerosa in cymis dichasialibus diffusis foliatis; pedunculi filiformes, 1-3.5 cm longi, glabri, 1-3 bracteolis dispersis alternantibus squamiformibus vel setiformibus 1-2 mm longis. Involucra anguste cylindracea; phyllaria 5, lineari-oblanceolata, 3-5 mm longa, circa 0.7 mm lata, acuta, atropurpurea, glabra, aliquot glandibus subterminalibus el- lipticalibus inconspicuis. Flosculi radii 5; corollae 2.5-5 mm longae. Flosculi disci 5-6; corollae 2-3 mm longae, bilabiatae labio anteriore anguste 0.5-1 mm longae, circa 5-plo longiore quam 4 lobis labii posterioris. Achenia 2-4 mm longi, puberula; pappus constatus e paleis angustissimis setiformibus, radii 2-3, disci 4-5. Chromoso- matum numerus ignotus. Spicy scented, tap rooted annuals or occasionally perennials. Stems very slender, 5-30 cm long, usually diffusely cymose branched throughout, glabrous or puberulent. Leaves narrowly linear, 1-3 cm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, acute or bristle tipped, ciliate proximally or throughout with 4-8 pairs of bristles 1-2 mm long, glabrous or minutely scaberulous on the margins and abaxially on the midvein, dotted on the undersurface on each side of midvein with 1 row (rarely 2) of pellucid glands 0.2-0.3 mm diameter. Heads several to many in diffuse leafy dichasial cymes; peduncles filiform, 1-3.5 cm long bearing 1- 3 scale-like to setiform bractlets 1-2 mm long, glabrous. Involucre narrowly cylindric; phyllaries 5, linear-oblanceolate, 3-5 mm long, ca 0.7 mm wide, acute tipped, dark purple, glabrous, bearing a few inconspicuous elliptical 350 PHY TOLOGTA volume 67(4):346-355 October 1989 Figure 2. Pectis erilis Keil. A. Habit. B. Leaf, abaxial surface. C. Phyllary. D. Disk corolla. E. Ray corolla. F. Disk achene. G. Ray achene. C-G, same scale. Drawn from Pringle 8760 (ASU). Keil: New names and taxa of Mexican Pecttis 351 subterminal glands. Ray florets 5; corolla 2.5-5 mm long, the tube 0.5-1 mm long. Disk florets 5-6; corolla 2-3 mm long, bilabiate with the anterior lip 0.5-1 mm long, ca 5 times the length of the 4 lobes of the posterior lip. Achenes 2-4 mm long, puberulent; ray pappus of 2-3 and disk pappus of 3-5 slender setiform scales 2-4 mm long. Chromosome number unknown. Distribution. Pectis exilis is a seldom collected taxon that occurs in widely separated populations in western México from Jalisco to Oaxaca in open dry sites from 300-1700 m elevation. It flowers from August to October. Populations in different areas have differentiated somewhat in their iso- lated condition. The plants collected near Guadalajara by Pringle and by Palmer are rather large and very highly branched. Plants collected by Hinton from Michoacan, on the other hand, are very tiny herbs with less branch- ing. The plants in the only population that I have sampled (in Oaxaca) are intermediate in stature. Whether the observed differences in size are under genetic or environmental control cannot be determined without experimental study. Variation in head size, pappus and leaf form are probably genetically determined. Relationships. Pectis ezilis is probably most closely related to P. linearis Llave [=P. capillaris DC.], P. diffusa Hook. & Arn., and P. uniaristata DC. From P. diffusa, the new species differs by its much smaller, fewer flowered heads, and its usually annual habit. The ranges of variation in size of reproductive parts of the P. ezzls, P. linearis and P. uniaristata overlap, making quantitative characters difficult to use in characterizing the taxa. Pectis linearis, a plant of lowland habitats, has thinner leaves than does P. ezilis, and these are commonly obtuse rather than acute to acuminate. The foliage of P. linearis is light green and the phyllaries are pale green to straw colored, whereas leaves of P. exilis are dark green, and the stems and involucres are commonly dark purple-brown. From the small headed races of P. uniaristata (var. holostemma A. Gray, var. jangadensis [S. Moore] Keil) the new species differs by its long, slender peduncles and very narrowly linear leaves. The larger headed race of P. unzaristata (var. uniaristata) typically is a much larger plant than P. ezwlis. It generally has broader leaves and larger heads than P. ezzlis. The odor of P. ezilis plants that I sampled in Oaxaca was “spicy,” whereas both P. diffusa and the races of P. uniaristata are lemon scented (sometimes with a stinkbug-like odor also present in var. holostemma). The scent of other populations of P. ezilis is unknown. The foliage of P. linearis is also “spicy scented” but differs from that of P. exilis (odors are difficult to characterize except by reference to “known” scents). The chemical constituents of the oils of these species have not been investigated. Paratypes: MEXICO. Guerrero: 10 km NE of Xaltianguis on road to Terra Colorado, 2 Nov 1972, Rzedowski 29766 (ENCB). Jalisco: 16 km N of Za- 352 PHY TG: O:G@iA volume 67(4):346-355 October 1989 popan, 9 Nov 1962, McVaugh 22116 (MICH); Guadalajara, Rio Blanco, 5 Nov 1889, Pringle 2761 (F,MEXU). México: Luvianos, 26 Sep 1933, Hin- ton 4815 (ENCB,F,GH,GH,K,LL,MICH,MO,NY,PH,US); Dist. Temascalte- pec, Nanchitla, 31 Aug 1934, Hinton 6521 (K). Morelos: San Raphael, SE of Tlaltizapan, 8 Nov 1964, Ripley & Barneby 13711 (NY); barranca W of Cuernavaca, 6 Nov 1967, Flores C. 197 (ENCB,OS). Oaxaca: along Hwy 175, 11 mi S of Ocatlan de Morelos, 28 Aug 1971, Clarke 18726-7 (UC); 0.8 mi SE of turnoff to Mitla along Hwy 190, 13 Sep 1981, Keil & Luckow 15526 (ASU,CHAPA,ENCB,MEXU,OBI,OS,UC); 10 km N of Zacatepec, 6 Nov 1979, Koch, et al. 79377(CHAPA,ENCB,TEX). Without location or date: Haenke s.n. (GOET,PR{[2]); Paray 171 (MEXU). Pectis elongata H.B.K. var. fasciculiflora (DC.) Keil, comb. nov. Based on P. fasciculiflora DC., Prodr. 5:100. 1836. TYPE: MEXICO: without locality, 1791, Haenke s.n. (HOLOTYPE: G-DC! [IDC microfiche 800: 788: 1: 4]; Isotypes: F!,MICH!,P!,PR!). Strongly scented annual. Stems very compactly cymose above, the branches erect or closely ascending. Heads in dense clusters, sessile or peduncles seldom to 10 mm long. Phyllaries 3.5-6 mm long. Pappus of 0-4 bristles 3-4 mm long. Chromosome number unknown. Distribution. Endemic to Guerrero between 50 and 400 m elevation, flow- ering from October to January. Relationships. These plants are clearly a part of the P. elongata complex which ranges from the West Indies and México to Brazil. The var. fasct- culiflora is easily distinguished from var. floribunda (A. Rich.) Keil, the only other race known to occur in México, by its very compact clusters of heads. Peduncle length of occasional individuals of var. fasciculiflora approaches that of var. floribunda. The odor has been determined to be “stinkbug-like” from one collection (Rzedowski 29767 {CAS]), a feature that it shares with some populations of the Central American var. oerstediana (Rydb.) Keil. Pectis holochaeta (S.F. Blake) Keil, comb. nov. Based on P. propetes Greenm. var. holochaeta S.F. Blake, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 25:322. 1935. TYPE: MEXICO. México: Dist. Temascaltepec, Acatitlan, 23 Sep 1933, Hinton 4797 (HOLOTYPE: US!; Isotypes: K!,MO!,TEX!). Unscented prostrate to ascending annuals, simple or more commonly branched from the base, often mat forming and sometimes radicant. Stems 5- 45 cm long, stramineous to dark brown-purple, subglabrous to villous in lines or villous throughout. Leaves linear to oblong, 1.5-4 cm long, 2-8 mm broad, acute to obtuse, ciliate proximally and sometimes to the apex with 6-15 pairs of bristles 1-2 mm long, with the base sclerified and more or less ampliate, Keil: New names and taxa of Mexican Pectis 353 stramineous to dark purple and appressed to stem, the blade dark green adax- ially, lighter abaxially, punctate with numerous scattered round glands 0.1-0.2 mm diameter, glabrous to densely villous or hirtellous on adaxial surface and abaxially on the midvein, scaberulous on margins, proximally villous-ciliolate. Heads pedunculate, solitary or in few headed terminal cymes; peduncles 10- 45 mm long, stout, purplish, minutely puberulent to densely villous with fine multicellular trichomes 0.2-0.5 mm long, bracteolate with ca 5 scale-like to fo- liaceous bractlets, the upper ca 5 mm long, setose tipped. Involucres broadly to narrowly campanulate; phyllaries 5, coriaceous, lacking a hyaline or scar- ious margin, greenish to dark purple, strongly imbricate, oblong to obovate, 6-8 mm long, 2.5-4.5 mm broad, obtuse to strongly retuse with a flaring apex, strongly indurate keeled to the apex, longitudinally nerved with several promi- nent secondary veins, sparsely punctate on margins and near apex with small round to elliptical glands 0.1-0.2 mm diameter, glabrous to densely hirtellous or villous with multicellular trichomes 0.2-0.3 mm long. Ray florets 5; corollas bright yellow, often abaxially purplish, 6-10 mm long, with the ligule 5-8 mm long, ca 2 mm broad and the tube 1.25-2.5 mm long, glabrous. Disk florets 11-24; corollas yellow, 5.0-6.75 mm long, the tube 1.5-2.0 mm long, the throat 0.5-1.25 mm long and the 5-lobed strongly bilabiate limb 2.5-4.0 mm long, the anterior lip 4-5 times the length of the lobes on the posterior lip, sparsely puberulent on the limb with minute gland tipped trichomes; anthers exserted laterally, 2-3 mm long; style exserted. Ray achenes 4-5 mm long, adaxially densely pilose with slender spreading bicellular trichomes 0.5-1.0 mm long, abaxially glabrous. Disk achenes 3.5-4.5 mm long, usually slightly shorter than the ray achenes, uniformly densely pilose on all sides. Ray pappus of 2(3-5) lance-acuminate scales 1.5-4.0 mm long; disk pappus usually slightly longer, of 5(4-6) equal to markedly unequal lance-acuminate scales 2.0-4.75 mm long. Distribution. Endemic to south central México where it occurs in south- eastern Michoacan, southwestern México and northwestern Guerrero at 275- 1000 m elevation. Flowering from August to October. Relationships. This species was originally named as a variety of Pectzs propetes Greenm., a taxon to which it is evidently related. Individuals of P. holochaeta are generally much more robust than those of P. propetes and have larger heads and floral structures (e.g., phyllaries 6-8 mm vs 5.5-6; disk corollas 5-6.75 mm vs 3.5-4 mm; pappus scales 2-4.75 mm vs 1-1.25 mm). The range of P. holochaeta is disjunct by ca 500 km from the nearest known population of P. propetes and no intermediate forms are known. It seems more appropriate to treat the two as specifically distinct. Pectis holochaeta itself consists of two geographical races. P. holochaeta (S.F. Blake) Keil var. holochaeta Leaves equaling to slightly longer than adjacent internodes, mostly 3-8 354 PHY TOLOtG FA volume 67(4):346-355 October 1989 mm broad, glabrous or nearly so, the indurate bases prominently ampliate. Peduncles mostly 2-4 cm long, minutely puberulent. Phyllaries 3-4.5 mm broad, glabrous. Disk florets 17-24; anthers ca 0.25 mm shorter than corolla limb. Chromosome number: n=12. Distribution. Southeastern Michoacan, southwestern Mexico and north- western Guerrero. Of the two races, var. holochaeta is apparently the more widespread taxon. The limits of its range are not well known. Sampling has been limited for the most part to a few major roads. This taxon is locally abundant in open grassy sites, sometimes coloring fields yellow. Its usually prostrate habit apparently protects it from grazing and its abundance in some heavily grazed areas suggests that it has benefited from disturbance. Chromosome counts. MEXICO. Guerrero: 2.2 mi E of turnoff to Arcelia on Rte 51, 2n=12,,, 6 Sep 1981, Keil & Luckow 15369 (OBI); 0.9 mi W of turnoff to Arcelia on Rte 51, 2n=12),, 6 Sep 1981, Keil & Luckow 15370 (OBI); 4.2 mi SW of Coyuca de Catalan, 2n=12;,, 7 Sep 1981, Keil & Luckow 15402 (OBI). Michoacan: 3.4 mi NW of rd to Bejucos on rd to Arroyo Grande, 2n=127), 6 Sep 1981, Keil & Luckow 15384 (OBI). Pectis holochaeta var. cana Keil, var. nov. TYPE: MEXICO. Michoacan: 9 mi NW of Cd. Altimirano on road to Huetamo, ca 370 m, Acacza- Cathesticum association, 2n=12;;, 7 Sep 1981, Keil & Luckow 15389 (HOLOTYPE: UC; Isotypes: ASU,;CHAPA,ENCB,F,GH,MEXU,MO, NY,OBI,OS,RSA,US). Folia saepe longiore quam internodis, plerumque 2-3 mm lata, dense canescentia, basibus induratis non valde ampliatis. Pedun- culi plerumque 1-2 cm longi, canescentes. Phyllaria 2.5-3.5 mm lata, canescentia. Flosculi disci 11-20; antherae circa 0.5-1 mm longae, breviores quam limba corollae. Chromosomatum numerus: 12. Leaves often longer than adjacent internodes, mostly 2-3 mm broad, densely canescent, the indurate bases not markedly ampliate. Peduncles mostly 1-2 cm long, canescent. Phyllaries 2.5-3.5 mm broad, canescent. Disk florets 11- 20; anthers ca 0.5-1 mm long, shorter than the corolla limb. Chromosome number: n=12. Distribution. Known only from the area between Cd. Altimirano and Hue- tamo in southeastern Michoacan. Pectis holochaeta var. cana is easily recognized by its dense canescence. The heads are somewhat smaller than those of var. holochaeta. A few populations intermediate in this character between var. holochaeta and var. cana occur near Cd. Altimirano. Keil: New names and taxa of Mexican Pecttis 355 Paratypes. MEXICO. Michoacan: 10.9 mi NW of Cd. Altimirano on road to Huetamo, 2n=12,,, 7 Sep 1981, Keil & Luckow 15391 (OBI); 13.8 mi NW of Cd. Altimirano on road to Huetamo, ca 275 m, 7 Sep 1981, Keil & Luckow 15392 (OBI); 16.2 mi NW of Cd. Altimirano on road to Huetamo, 7 Sep 1981, Keil & Luckow 15394 (OBI); 7.2 mi SE of Huetamo, 2n=12),;, 7 Sep 1981, Keil & Luckow 15395 (OBI). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Research was supported by N.S.F. Grant DEB 81-04683. The manuscript was reviewed by Donald J. Pinkava and Leslie R. Landrum. Phytologia (October 1989) 67(4):356. BOOKS RECEIVED A Dictionary of Plant Pathology. Paul Holliday. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 1989. xvi. 369 pp. $55.00 (cloth). Annual Review of Phytopathology. Vol. 27. R. James Cook, George A. Zentmeyer & Ellis B. Cowlings, eds. Annual Reviews, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, 1989. vii. 641 pp. price unknown. Biochemistry of Photosynthesis. Third edition. R.P.F. Gregory. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, xxi. 257 pp. price unknown. Crop and Plant Protection. The Practical Foundations. Rudolf Heitefuss. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 1989. 261 pp. $87.95. Current Paleoethnobotany. Analytical Methods and Cultural Interpreta- tions of Archaeological Plant Remains. Christine A. Hastorf & Virginia S. Popper, eds. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 1988. xii. 236 pp. $9.95 (paper) $24.95 (cloth). Entoloma in North America. Machiel E. Noordeloos. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1988. 164 pp. $50.00 (paper). Cryptogamic Series, Volume 2. ; Experimental and Conceptual Plant Pathology. Vol. 1, Techniques. W.M. Hess, R.S. Singh, U.S. Singh & D.J. Weber, eds. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers. New York, NY, 1988. xv. 136 pp. + index. $170.00 (cloth)-3 volume set. Experimental and Conceptual Plant Pathology. Vol. 2, Pathogenesis and Host-Parasite Specificity. W.M. Hess, R.S. Singh, U.S. Singh & DJ. Weber, eds. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, NY, 1988. xv. 320 pp. + index. $170.00 (cloth)-3 volume set. Experimental and Conceptual Plant Pathology. Vol. 3, Defence. W.M. Hess, R.S. Singh, U.S. Singh & D.J. Weber, eds. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, NY, 1988. xv. 143 pp. + index. $170.00 (cloth)-3 volume set. Growth and Reproductive Strategies of Freshwater Phytoplankton. Craig D. Sandgren, ed. 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