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UNIVEKS T

CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO

\ES1

V.2-

THE ALDINE EDITION

OF THE BRITISH

POETS

?

THE rOBMS OF GEOFFREY CHAUCER

IN SIX VOLUMES

VOL II

THE POETICAL WORKS OF GEOFFREY CHAUCER

EDITED BY RICHARD MORRIS

Editor of " Specimens of Early English," Hampole's " Pricke of

Conscience," " Old English Homilies," etc., Member of

the Council of the Philological Society.

WITH MEMOIR BY SIR HARRIS NICOLAS NEW AND REVISED EDITION

VOL II

LONDON BELL AND DALDY YORK STREET

COVENT GARDEN

CONTENTS.

VOL. II. THE CANTERBURY TALES.

_A^	*=%*=*&>	Fage
SB	■2*r/j\HE Prologue .®|Jf The Knightes Tale . ^aS The Prologe of the Myller . ^^ The Milleres Tale			1 27 96 98
The Prologe of the Reeve			120
The Reeves Tale ....			122
The Cokes Prologe			135
The Cokes Tale ....			13G
The Man of Lawes Prologe .			170
The Man of Lawes Tale .			173
The Prologe of the Wyf of Bathe .			206
The Wyf of Bathes Tale			. 232
The Prologe of the Frere			. 245
The Freres Tale ....			. 246
The Sompnoures Prologe			. 238
The Sompnoures Tale			259
The Clerk of Oxenfordes Prologe .			278
The Clerkes Tale ....			280
Prologe of the Marchaundes Tale .			. 317
The Marchaundes Tale .			. 318
The Squyeres Prologe			. 354
The g	-i j u \ eres Tale ....			• 355

THE

POEMS OF GEOFFREY CHAUCER.

THE CANTERBURY TALES.

THE PROLOGUE.

[HAN that Aprille with his schowres

swoote The drought of Marehe hath perccd

to the roote, And bathud every veyne in swich

lieour, Of which vertue engendred is the flour ; Whan Zephirus eek with his swete brccth Enspirud hath in every holte and heeth The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne Hath in the Ram his halfe cours i-ronne, And smale fowles maken melodic, That slepen al the night with open yhe, 10

So priketh hem nature in here corages: — Thanne longen folk to gon on pilgrimages, And palmers for to seeken straunge strondes, To feme halwes, kouthe in sondry londcs ;

VOL. IT. B

2 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And specially, from every schires ende

Of Engelond, to Canturbury they wende,

The holy blisful martir for to seeke,

That hem hath holpcn whan that they were seeke.

Byfel that, in that sesoun on a day, In Southwerk at the Tabbard as I la}', 20

Redy to wenden on my pilgrimage To Canturbury with ful devout corage, At night was come into that hostelrie Wei nyne and twenty in a companye, Of sondry folk, by aventure i-falle In felawschipe, and pilgryms were thei alio, That toward Canturbury wolden ryde. The chambres and the stables weren wydc, And wel we weren esud atte beste. And schortly, whan the sonne was to reste, 30 So hadde I spoken with hem everychon, That I was of here felawschipe anon, And made forward erly to aryse, To take oure weye ther as I yow devyse. But natheles, whiles I have tyme and space, Or that I ferthere in this tale pace, Me thinketh it acordant to resoun, To telle yow alle the condicioun Of eche of hem, so as it semede me, And which they weren, and of what degre ; 40 And eek in what array that they were inne : And at a knight than wol I first bygynne.

A Knight ther was, and that a worthy man, That from the tyme that he ferst bigan To ryden out, he lovede chyvalrye, Trouthe and honour, fredom and curtesie. Ful worthi was he in his lordes werre,

THE PROLOGUE. 3

And thereto hadde he riden, noman ferre,

As wel in Cristendom as in hethenesse,

And evere honoured for his worjthinesse. 50

At Alisandre he was whan it was wonne,

Ful ofte tyme he hadde the bord bygonne

Aboven alio naciouns in Pruce.

In Lettowe hadde reyced and in Ituco

No cristen man so ofte of his degre.

In Gernade atte siege hadde he be

Of Algesir, and riden in Belmarie.

At Lieys was he, and at Satalie,

Whan they were wonne ; and in the Greete see

At many a noble arive hadde he be. 60

At mortal batailles hadde he ben fiftene,

And foughten for oure feith at Tramassene

In lystes thries, and ay slayn his foo.

This ilke worthi knight hadde ben also

Somtyme with the lord of Palatye,

Ayeyn another hethene in Turkye :

And everemore he hadde a sovereyn prys.

And though that he was worthy he was wys,

And of his port as meke as is a mayde.

He never yit no vilonye ne sayde 70

In al his lyf, unto no maner wight.

He was a verray perfight gentil knight.

But for to telle you of his array,

His hors was good, but he ne was nought gay.

Of fustyan he wered a gepoun

Al bysmoterud with his haburgeoun.

For he was late comen from his viage,

And wente for to doon his pilgrimage.

With him ther was his sone, a yong Squyer, A lovyer, and a lusty baeheler, so

4 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

With lokkcs crulle as they were layde in presse.

Of twenty yeer ho was of age I gesse.

Of his stature he was of evene lengthe,

And wondurly dclyver, and gret of strengthc.

And he hadde ben somtyme in chivachie,

In Flaundres, in Artoys, and in Picardie,

And born him wel, as in so litel space,

In hope to stonden in his lady grace.

Embrowdid was he, as it were a mede

Al ful of fresshe floures, white and reede. 90

Syngynge he was, or fiowtynge, al the day ;

He was as fressh as is the moneth of May.

Schort was his goune, with sleeves long and wyde.

Wel cowde he sitte on hors, and faire ryde.

He cowde songes wel make and endite,

Justne and eek daunce, and wel purtray and write.

So hote he lovede, that by nightertale

He sleep nomore than doth a nightyngale.

Curteys he was, lowly, and servysable,

And carf byforn his fadur at the table. 100

A Yeman had he, and servantes nomoo At that tyme, for him luste ryde soo ; And he was clad in coote and hood of grenc. A shef of pocok arwes bright and kene Under his belte he bar ful thriftily. Wel cowde he dresse his takel yomanly ; His arwes drowpud nought with fetheres lowe. And in his hond he bar a mighty bowe. A not-heed hadde he with a broun visage. Of woode-craft cowde he wel al the usage. 110 Upon his arme he bar a gay bracer, And by his side a swerd and a bokeler, And on that other side a gay daggerc,

THE PROLOGUE. 5

Harneysed wel, and scharp at poynt of spere ; A Cristofre on his brest of silver schenc. An horn he bar, the bawdrik was of grene ; A forster was he sothely, as I gesse.

Ther was also a Nonne, a Pjuoresse, That of hire smylyng was ful symplo and coy ; Hire grettest ooth nas but by seynt Loy ; 120

And sche was clcpt madame Englentync. Ful wel sche sang the servise devyne, Entuncd in hire nose ful semyly ; And Frenseh sche spak ful faire and fctysly, Aftur the scole of Stratford atte Bowe, For Frenseh of Parys was to hire unknowe. At mete wel i-taught was sche withalle ; Sche leet no morsel from hire lippes falle, Ne wette hire fyngres in hire sauce deepe. Wel cowde sche carie a morsel, and wel kecpe, 130 That no drope ne fil uppon hire breste. In curtesie was sett al hire leste. Hire overlippo wypude sche so clene, That in hire cuppe thei* was no ferthing seno Of grees, whan sche dronken hadde hire draught. Ful semely aftur hire mete sche raught. And sikurly sche was of gret disport, And ful plesant, and amyable of port. And peyned hire to countcrfete cheere Of court, and ben estatlich of mancre, ho

And to ben holden digne of reverence. But for to speken of hire conscience, Sche was so charitable and so pi tons, Sche woldc wecpe if that sche sawe a mous Caught in a trappe, if it were deed or bledde. Of smale houndes hadde sche; that sche fedde

6 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

With rostud fleissh, and mylk, and wastel breed. But sore weptc sche if oon of hem were deed, Or if men smot it with a ycrde smerte : And al was conscience and tendre herte. 150

Ful semely hire wymple i-pynched was ; Hire nose streight ; hire eyen grey as glas ; Hire mouth ful smal, and therto softe and reed ; But sikurly sche hadde a fair forheed. It was almost a spannc brood, I trowe : For hardily sche was not undurgrowe. Ful fetys was hire cloke, as I was waar. Of smal coral aboute hire arme sche baar A peire of bedes gaudid al with grene ; And theron heng a broch of gold ful schene, itso On which was first i-writen a crowned A, And after that, Amor vincit omnia. Anothur Nonne also with hire hadde sche, That was hire chapelleyn, and Peestes thre. A Monk ther was, a fair for the maistric, An out-rydere, that lovede venerye ; A manly man, to ben an abbot able. Ful many a deynte hors hadde he in stable : And whan he rood, men might his bridcl hcere Gyngle in a whistlyng wynd so cleere, 170

And eek as lowde as doth the chapel belle. Ther as the lord was keper of the.selle, The reule of seynt Maure or of seint Beneyt, Bycause that it was old and somdcl streyt, This ilke monk leet forby hem pace, And helde aftur the newe world the space. He yaf nat of that text a pulled hen, That seith, that hunters been noon holy men ; Ne that a monk, whan he is cloysterles,

TIIE PROLOGUE. 7

Is likncd to a fissche that is watirles ; iso

This is to seyn, a monk out of his cloystre.

But thilke text hild he not worth an oystrc.

And I seide his opinioun was right good.

What! schuldcho studie, and make himselven wood,

Uppon a book in cloystre alway to powre,

Or swynke with his handes, and laboure,

As Austyn by t ? How schal the world be served ?

Lat Austyn have his swynk to him reserved.

Therfore he was a pricasour aright ;

Greyhoundes he hadde as swifte as fowel in flight ;

Of prikyng and of huntyng for the hare 19L

Was al his lust, for no cost wolde he spare.

I saugh his sieves purfiled atte hond

With grys, and that the fynest of a lond.

And for to festne his hood undur his chyn

He hadde of gold y-wrought a curious pyn :

A love-knotte in the gretter ende ther was.

His heed was ballid, and schon as eny glas,

And eek his face as he hadde be anoynt.

He was a lord ful fat and in good poynt ; 200

His eyen steep, and rollyng in his heed,

That stemed as a forneys of a leed ;

His bootes souple, his hors in gret estat.

Now certeinly he was a fair prelat ;

He was not pale as a for-pyned goost.

A fat swan loved he best of eny roost.

His palfray was as broun as eny berye.

A Fkere ther was, a wantoun and a merye, A lymytour, a ful solempnc man. In alle the ordres foure is noon that can 210

So moche of daliaunce and fair langage. He hadde i-madc many a fair mariago

8 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Of yonge wymmen, at his owne cost.

Unto his ordre he was a noble post.

Ful wel biloved and famulier was he

With frankeleyns overal in his cuntre,

And eek with worthi wommen of the toun :

For he hadde power of confessioun,

As seyde himself, more than a curat,

For of his ordre he was liceneiat. 220

Ful sweetly herde he confessioun,

And plesaunt was his absolucioun ;

He was an esy man to yeve penanco

Ther as he wiste to han a good pitance ;

For unto a povre ordre for to geve

Is signe that a man is wel i-schrevo.

For if he yaf, he dorste make avaunt,

He wiste that a man was repentaunt.

For many a man so hard is of his herte,

He may not wepe though him sore smerte. 230

Therfore in-stcde of wepyng and prayeres,

Men mooten yiven silver to the pore freres.

His typet was ay farsud ful of knyfes

And pynnes, for to yive faire wyfes.

And certaynZi he hadde a mery noote.

Wel couthe he synge and pleye on a role.

Of yeddynges he bar utturly the prys.

His nekke whit was as the flour-de-lys.

Therto he strong was as a champioun.

He knew wel the tavernes in every toun, 210

And every ostiller or gay tapstere,

Better than a lazer, or a beggere,

For unto such a worthi man as he

Acorded not, as by his faculte,

To have with suche sike lazars aqueyntaunce.

THE PROLOGUE. 9

It is not honest, it may not avaunce,

For to delen with such poraile,

But al with riche and sellers of vitaille.

And overal, ther eny profyt schulde arise,

Curteys he was, and lowe of servyso. 200

Ther wa3 no man nowher so vertuous.

He was the beste begger in al his hous,

For though a widcwc hadde but 00 schoo,

So plesaunt was his In principio,

Yet wolde he have a ferthing or he wentc.

His purchace was bettur than his rente.

And rage he couthe and pleye right as a whelpe,

In lovo-dayes ther couthe he mochil hclpe.

For ther was he not like a cloystercr,

With a thredbare cope as a pore scolcr, 200

But he was like a maister or a pope.

Of double worstede was his semy-cope,

That rounded was as a belle out of presse.

Somwhat he lipsede, for wantounesse,

To make his Englissch swete upon his tunge ;

And in his harpyng, whan that he hackle sunge,

His eyghen twynkeled in his heed aright,

As don the sterres in the frosty night.

This worthi lymytour was called Huberd.

A Marchattnt was ther with a forked berd, 270 In motteleyc, and high on horse he sat, Uppon his heed a Flaundrisch bever hat ; His botus clapsud faire and fetously. His resons he spak ful solempnely, Sownynge alway the encres of his wynnyng. He wolde the see were kepud for eny thing Betwixe Middulburgh and Orewcllo. Wei couthe he in eschangc scheeldes sellc.

10 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

This worthi man ful wcl his witte bisette ;

Ther wisto no man that he was in dettc, 2so

So estately was he of governaunce,

With his bargayns, and with his chevysaunec.

For sothe he was a worthi man withalle,

But soth to say, I not what men him calle.

A Clerk ther was of Oxenford also, That unto logik hadde longe tyme i-go. Al-so lene was his hors as is a rake, And he was not right fat, I undertake ; But lokede holwe, and therto soburly. Ful thredbare was his overest courtepy, 200

For he hadde nought geten him yit a benefice, Ne was not worthy to haven an office. For him was lever have at his beddes heed Twenty bookes, clothed in blak and reed, Of Aristotil, and of his philosophic, Then robus riche, or fithul, or sawtrie. But although he were a philosophrc, Yet hadde he but litul gold in cofre ; But al that he mighte gete, and his frendes scnte, On bookes and his lernyng he it spenfe, 300

And busily gan for the soules pray Of hem that yaf him wherwith to scolay. Of studie tooke he most cure and hecde. Not 00 word spak he more than was neede ; Al that he spak it was of heye prudence, And schort, and quyk, and ful of gret sentence. Sownynge in moral manere was his speche, And gladly wolde he lernc, and gladly teche.

A Sergeant of La we, war and wys, That often hadde ben atte parvys, 310

Ther was also, ful riche of excellence.

THE PROLOGUE. 11

Discret he was, and of gret reverence

He semede such, his wordes were so wise,

Justice he was ful often in assise,

By patent, and by pleyn commissioun ;

For his science, and for his heih renotm,

Of fees and robes had he many oon.

So gret a purchasour was ther nowhcr noon.

Al was fee symple to him in effccte,

His purchasyng mighte nought ben suspccte. 320

Nowher so besy a man as he ther nas,

And yit he semede besier than he was.

In termes hadde he caas and domes alle,

That fro the tyme that kyng [Will] were fallc.

Thereto he couthe endite, and make a thing,

Ther couthe no man pynche at his writyng.

And every statute couthe he pleyn by rootc.

He rood but hoomly in a mcdled coote,

Gird with a seynt of silk, with barrcs smale ;

Of his array telle I no lenger tale. 330

A Fkankeleyn ther was in his companye ; Whit was his berde, as is the dayesye. Of his complexioun he was sangwyn. Wei loved he in the morn a sop of wyn. To lyve?i in delite was al his wonc, For he was Epicurius owne sone, That heeld opynyoun that pleyn delyt Was vcrraily felicitc perfyt. An househaldere, and that a gret, was he ; Seynt Julian he was in his countre. 310

His breed, his ale, was alway after oon ; A bettre envyned man was nowher noon. Withouto bake mete was never his hous, Of fleissch and fissch, and that so plcntyvous,

12 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

It snewed in his hous of mete and drynke,

Of alle deyntees that men cowde thynke.

Aftur the sondry sesouns of the yeer,

He chaunged hem at mete and at soper.

Ful many a fat partrich had he in mewe,

And many a brem and many a luce in stewe. sso

Woo was his cook, but if his sauce were

Poynant and scharp, and redy al his gere.

His table dormant in his hallo alway

Stood redy covered al the longc day.

At sessions ther was he lord and sire.

Ful ofte tyme he was knight of the schire.

An anlas and a gipser al of silk

Heng at his gerdul, whit as morne mylk.

A schirreve hadde he ben, and a counter ;

Was nowher such a worthi vavaser. S60

An Habuedassher and a Caeeextek, A Webbe, a Deyee, and a Tapicee, Weren with us eeke, clothed in oo lyvere, Of a solempne and gret fraternite. Ful freissh and newe here gere piked was ; Here knyfes were i-chapud nat with bras, But al with silver wrought fid clene and wcl, Here gurdles and here pouches every del. Wei semed eche of hem a fair burgeys, To sitten in a ycldehalle on the deys. 070

Every man for the wisdom that he can, Was schaply for to ben an aldurman. For catel hadde they inough and rente, And cek here wyfes wolde it wel assente ; And elles certeyn hadde thei ben to blame. It is right fair for to be clept madame, And for to go to vigilies al byfore,

THE PROLOGUE. J 3

And han a mantel rially i-bore. A Cook thei hadcle with hem for the nones,

To boyle chiknes and the mary bones, dso

And poudre marehaunt tart, and galyngale.

Wei cowde he knowe a draught of Londone ale.

He cowde roste, sethe, broille, and frie,

Make mortreux, and wel bake a pye.

But gret harm was it, as it semede me,

That on his schyne a mormal hadde he ;

For blankmanger he made with the beste.

A Schipman was ther, wonyng fer by weste :

For ought I woot, he was of Dertemouthe.

He rood upon a rouncy, as he couthe, 390

In a gowne of faldyng to the kne.

A dagger hangyng on a laas hadde he

Aboute his nekke under his arm adoun.

The hoote somer hadde maad his hew al broun ;

And certeinly he was a good felawc.

Ful many a draught of wyn had he drawe

From Burdeux-ward, whil that the chapman sleep.

Of nyce conscience took he no keep.

If that he foughte, and hadde the heigher hand,

By water he sente hem hoom to every land. 100

But of his craft to rikne wel the tydes,

His stremes and his dangers him bisides,

His herbergh and his mone, his lodemenage,

Ther was non such from Hulle to Cartage.

Hardy he was, and wys to undertake ;

With many a tempest hath his berd ben schake,

Ho knew wel alio the havenes, as thei were,

From Scotlond to the cape of Fynestere,

And every cryk in Bretayne and in Spayne ;

His barge y-clepud was the Magdelayne. tio

14 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Ther was also a Doctoub of Phisik, In al this world ne was ther non him lyk To speke of phisik and of surgeryc ; For ho was groundud in astronomye. Ho kepte his pacicnt wondurly wcl In houres by his magik naturel. Wei cowdc he fortune the ascendent Of his ymages for his pacient. He knew the cause of every maladye, Were it of cold, or hete, or moyst, or drye, 420 And where thei engendrid, and of what humour ; He was a verrey parfight practisour. The cause i-knowe, and of his harm the roote, Anon he yaf the syke man his boote. Ful redy hadde he his apotecaries, To sende him dragges, and his letuaries, For eche of hem made othur for to wynne ; Here frendschipe was not newe to begynne. Wei knew he the olde Esculapius, And Deiscorides, and eeke Rufus ; 430

Old Ypocras, Haly, and Galien ; Serapyon, Razis, and Avycen ; Averrois, Damaseen, and Constantyn ; Bernard, and Gatisden, and Gilbertyn. ' Of his diete mesurable was he, For it was of no superfluity, But of gret norisching and digestible. His studie was but litel on the Bible. In sangwyn and in pers he clad was al Lyned with taffata and with sendal. 440

And yit he was but esy in dispence ; He kepte that he wan in pestilence. For gold in phisik is a cordial •

THE PEOLOGUE. 15

Therfore he lovede gold in special.

A good Wif was ther of byside Bathe, But sche was somdel deef, and that was skathe. Of cloth-makyng she hadde such an haunt, Sche passed hem of Ypris and of Gaunt. In al the parisshe wyf ne was ther noon That to the offryng byforn hire schulde goon, 450 And if ther dide, certeyn so wroth was sche, That sche was thanne out of alio charite. Hire keverchefs weren ful fyne of grounde ; I durste swere they weyghede ten pounde That on a Sonday were upon hire heed. Hir hosen were of fyn scarlett reed, Ful streyte y-teyed, and sehoosful moyste andnewe Bold was hir face, and fair, and reed of hewe. Sche was a worthy woraman al hire lyfe, Housbondes atte ehirehe dore hadde sche fyfe, 460 Withouten othur companye in youthe ; But thereof needeth nought to speke as nouthe. And thries hadde sche ben at Jerusalem ; Sche hadde passud many a straunge streem ; At Rome sche hadde ben, and at Boloyne, In Galice at seynt Jame, and at Coloyne. Sche cowde moche of wandryng by the weye. Gattothud was sche, sothly for to seye. Uppon an amblere esely sche sat, Wymplid ful wel, and on hire heed an hat 470

As brood as is a boeler or a targe ; A foot-mantel aboute hire hupes large, And on hire feet a pairo of spores scharpe. In foluwschipe wel cowde sche lawghe and carpe. Of remedyes of love sche knew parchaunce, For of that art sche knew the olde daunce.

16 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

A good man was ther of religioun, And was a pore Peksotjjt of a toun ; But riche he was of holy thought and werk. He was also a lerncd man, a. clerk <tso

That Cristes gospel gladly wolde prechc ; His parischens devoutly wolde he teche. Benigne .he was, and wondur diligent, And in adversite ful pacient ; And such he was i-proved ofte sithes. Ful loth were him to curse for his tythes, But rather wolde he yeven out of dowte, Unto his pore parisschcns aboute, Of his offrynge, and eek of his substaunce. He cowde in litel thing han suffisance. 490

Wyd was his parisch, and houses fer asondur, But he ne lafte not for reyne ne thondur, In siknesse ne in meschief to visite The ferrest in his parissche, moche and lite, Uppon his feet, and in his hond a staf. This noble ensample unto his scheep he yaf, That ferst he wroughte, and after that he taughte, Out of the gospel he tho wordes caughte, And this figure he addide yit therto, That if gold ruste, what schulde yren doo ? 500 For if a prest be foul, on whom we truste, No wondur is a lewid man to ruste ; And schame it is, if that a prest take kepe, A schiten schepperd and a clene schepe ; Wei oughte a prest ensample for to yive, By his clennesse, how that his scheep schulde lyve. Ho sette not his benefice to huyre, And lefte his scheep encombred in tho myre, And ran to Londone, unto seynte Poules, To seekcn him a chauntcrie for soules, 510

THE PROLOGUE. 17

Or with a brethurhede be withholde ;

But dwelte at hoom, and kepto wel his folde,

So that the wolf ne made it not myscarye.

He was a schepperde and no mercenaric ;

And though he holy were, and vertuous,

He was to senful man nought dispitous,

Ne of his spechc daungerous ne digne,

But in his teching discret and benigne.

To drawe folk to heven by clennesse,

By good ensample, was his busynesse : 520

But it were eny persone obstinat,

What-so he were of high or lowe estat,

Him wolde he snybbe scharply for the nones.

A bettre preest I trowe ther nowher non is.

He waytud after no pompe ne reverence,

Ne maked him a spiced conscience,

But Cristes lore, and his apostles twelve,

He taught, and ferst he folwed it himselvc.

With him ther was a Ploughman-, his brothur, That hadde i-lad of dong ful many a fothur. 530 A trewe swynker and a good was hce, Lyvynge in pees and perfight charitee. God loved he best with al his trewe herte At alle tymes, though him gamed or smerte, And thanne his neighebour right as himselve. He wolde threisshe, and therto dyke and delve, For Cristes sake, with every pore wight, Withoutcn huyre, if it laye in his might. His tythes payedc he ful faire and wel, Bathe of his owne swynk and his catcl. 5i0

In a tabbard he rood upon a mere.

Ther was also a reeve and a mellcre, A sompnour and a pardoner also,

vol. u c

18 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

A maunciple, and my-self, ther was no mo.

The Melleee was a stout carl for the nones, Ful big he was of braun, and eek of boones ; That prevcde wel, for overal ther he cam, At wrastlynge he wolde bere awey the ram. He was schort schuldred, broode, a thikkc knarre, There nas no dore that he nolde heve of harre, 550 Or breke it with a rcnnyng with his heed. His berd as ony sowe or fox was reed, And therto brood, as though it were a spade. Upon the cop right of his nose he hade A werte, and theron stood a tuft of heres, Reede as the berstles of a souwes eeres. His nose-thurles blake were and wyde. A swerd and a bocler baar he by his side, His mouth as wyde was as a gret forneys. He was a j angler, and a golyardeys, 560

And that was most of synne and harlotries. Wel cowde he stele corn, and tollen thries ; And yet he hadde a thombe of gold pardc. A whight cote and blewe hood wercd he. A baggepipe cowde he blowe and sowne, And therwithal he brought us out of towne.

A gentil Maunciple was ther of a temple, Of which achatours mighten take exemple For to be wys in beyyng of vitaille. For whethur that he payde, or took by taille, 570 Algate he waytede so in his acate, That ho was ay biforn and in good state. Now is not that of God a ful fair grace, That such a lewed mannes wit schal pace The wisdom of an hcep of lcrnede men ? Of maystres hadde he moo than thries ten,

THE PROLOGUE. 19

That were of lawe expert and curious ;

Of which ther were a doseyn in an hous,

Worthi to be stiwardz of rente and lond

Of any lord that is in Engelond, 580

To make him lyve by his propre good,

In honour detteles, but if he were wood,

Or lyve as scarsly as he can desire ;

And able for to helpcn al a schire

In any caas that mighte falle or happe ;

And yit this maunciple sette here allcr cappe.

The Reeve was a sldendre colerik man, His herd was schave as neigh as ever he can. His heer was by his ores roiincle i-shorn. His top was dockud lyk a preest biforn. 5?o

Ful longe wern his leggus, and ful lene, Al like a staff, ther was no calf y-scne. Wei cowde he kepe a gcrner and a bynne ; Ther was non auditour cowde on him wynne. Wei wiste he by the drought, and by the reyn, The yeeldyng of his seed, and of his greyn. His lordes scheep, his neet, and his daycrie, His swyn, his hors, his stoor, and his pultric, Was holly in this reeves goYejnyngc, And by his covenaunt yaf the rekenyngc, go

Syn that his lord was twenti yecr of age ; Ther couthc noman bringe him in arrerago. Ther nas baillif, nc horde, nc other hyne, That they ne knewe his sleight and his covyne ; They were adrad of him, as of the deth. His wonyng was ful fair upon an heth, With grene trees i-schaclewed was his place. He cowde bettre than his lord purchace. Ful riche he was i-stored prively,

20 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

His lord wel couthc he plese subtilly, 6io

To yeve and lene him of his owne good,

And have a thank, a cote, and eek an hood.

In youthe he lerned hadde a good mester ;

He was a wel good wright, a carpenter.

This reeve sat upon a wel good stot,

That was a pomely gray, and highte Scot.

A long surcote of blew uppon he hadde,

And by his side he bar a rusty bladde.

Of Northfolk was this reeve of which I telle,

Byside a toun men callen Baldeswelle. 620

Tukkud he was, as is a frere, aboute,

And ever he rood the hynderest of the route.

A SojiPKOtiK was ther with us in that place, That hadde a fyr-reed cherubyns face, For sawceflem he was, with eyghen narwe. As hoot he was, and leccherous, as a sparwc, With skalled browes blak, and piled berd ; Of his visage children weren sore aferd. Ther nas quyksilver, litarge, ne bremstone, Boras, ceruce, ne oille of tartre noon, eso

Ne oynement that wolde dense and byte, That him might helpen of his whelkes white, Ne of the knobbes sittyng on his cheekes. Wel loved he garleek, oynouns, and ek leekes, And for to drinke strong wyn reed as blood. Thannc wolde he speke, and crye as he were wood. And whan that he wel dronken hadde the wyn, Than wolde he speke no word but Latyn. A fewe termes hadde he, tuo or thre, That he hadde lerned out of som decree ; no

No wondur is, he horde it al the da)' ; And eek ye knowe wel, how that a jay

THE PROLOGUE. 21

Can clepe Watte, as wel as can the pope.

But who-so wolde in othur thing him grope,

Thanne hadde he spent al his philosophic,

Ay, Questio quid juris, wolde he erye,

He was a gentil harlot and a kynde ;

A bettre felaw schulde men nowher fynde.

He wolde suffre for a quart of wyn

A good felawe to han his coneubyn 6.jo

A twelve moneth, and excuse him atte fulle.

And pryvely a fyneh eek cowde he pulle.

And if he fond owher a good felawe,

He wolde teche him for to have non awe

In such a caas of the archedeknes curs,

But if a mannes soule were in his purs ;

For in his purs he scholde punyssched be.

' Purs is the ercedeknes helle,' quod he.

But wel I woot he lyeth right in dede ;

Of cursyng oweth ech gulty man to drede ; 660

For curs wol slee right as assoillyng saveth ;

And also ware him of a significavit.

In daunger he hadde at his owne assise

The yonge gurles of the diocise,

And knew here counseil, and was al here red

A garland had he set upon his heed,

As gret as it were for an ale-stake ;

A bokeler had he maad him of a cake.

With him ther rood a gentil Pardoner Of Rouncival, his frend and his comper, 670

That streyt was comen from the court of Rome. Ful lowde he sang, Come hider, love, to me. This sompnour bar to him a stif burdoun, Was never e trompe of half so gret a soun. This pardoner hadde heer as yelwe as wex,

22 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

But smothe it hong, as doth a strike of flex ;

By unees hynge his lokkes that he hadde,

And therwith he his schuldres ovcrspraddc.

Ful thmne it lay, by culpons on and oon,

And hood, for jolitee, ne wered he noon, 6S0

For it was trussud up in his walet.

Him thought he rood al of the newe get,

Dischevele, sauf his eappe, he rood al bare.

Suche glaryng eyghen hadde he as an hare.

A verniele hadde he sowed on his cappe.

His walet lay byforn him in his lappc,

Bret-ful of pardoun come from Rome al hoot.

A voys he hadde as smale as eny goot.

No berd ne hadde he, ne never seholde have,

As smothe it was as it ware late i-sehave ; coo

I trowe he were a geldyng or a mare.

But of his craft, fro Berwyk unto Ware,

Ne was ther such another pardoner.

For in his male he hadde a pilwebeer,

Which, that he saide, was oure lady veyl :

He seide, he hadde a gobet of the seyl

That seynt Petur hadde, whan that he wente

Uppon the see, til Jhesu Crist him hente.

He hadde a cros of latoun ful of stones,

And in a glas he hadde pigges bones. 7co

But with thise reliq?;es, whanne that he fand

A pore persoun dwellyng uppon land,

Upon a day he gat him more moneye

Than that the persoun gat in monthes tweye.

And thus with feyned flaterie and japes,

He made the persoun and the people his apes.

But trewely to tellen atte laste,

He was in churche a noble ecclesiaste.

THE PROLOGUE. 23

Wei cowde he rede a lessoun or a storye,

But altherbest he sang an offcrtorie ; 7io

For wel wyst he, whan that song was songe,

He moste preche, and wel affyle his tunge,

To wynne silver, as he right wel cowde ;

Therefore he sang ful meriely and lowde.

Now have I told you schortly in a clause

Thestat, tharray, the nombre, and eek the cause

Why that assembled was this companye

In Southwerk at this gentil ostelrie,

That highte the Tabbard, faste by the Belle.

But now is tyme to yow for to telle 720

How that we bare us in that ilke night,

Whan we were in that ostelrio alight ;

And aftur wol I telle of oure viage,

And al the remenaunt of oure pilgrimage.

But ferst I pray you of your curtesie,

That ye ne rette it nat my vilanye,

Though that I speke al pleyn in this matere,

To telle you here wordes and here cheere ;

No though I speke here wordes propurly.

For this ye knowen al-so wel as I, 730

Who-so schal telle a tale aftur a man,

He moste reherce, as neigh as ever he can,

Every word, if it be in his charge,

Al speke he never so rudely ne large ;

Or elles he moot telle his tale untrewe,

Or feyne thing, or fjTide his wordes ncwe.

He may not spare, though he were his brothur ;

He moste as wel sey 00 word as anothur.

Crist spak himself ful broode in holy writ,

And wel ye woot no vilanye is it. 740

Eke Plato scith, who-so that can him rede,

24 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

The wordes mot be cosyn to the dede. Also I pray you to foryeve it me, Al have I folk nat set in here degre Here in this tale, as that thei sehulde stonde ; My witt is thynne, ye may wel undurstonde. Greet cheere made oure ost us everichon, And to the souper sette he us anon ; And served us with vitaillo atte beste. Strong was the wyn, and wel to drynke us leste. A semely man oure ooste was withalle 751

For to ban been a marchal in an halle ; A large man was he with eyghen stepe, A fairere burgeys is ther noon in Chepe : Bold of his speehe, and wys, and wel i-taught, And of manhede lakkede he right naught. Eke therto ho was right a mery man, And after soper playen he bygan, And spak of myrthc among othur thinges, Whan that we hadde maad our rekenynges ; 760 And sayde thus : ' Lo, lordynges, trewely Ye ben to me right welcome hertily : For by my trouthe, if that I schal not lye, I ne saugh this yeer so mery a companye At oones in this herbergh as is now. Fayn wold I do yow merthe, wiste I how. And of a merthe I am right now bythought, To doon you eese, and it schal coste nought. Ye goon to Caunturbury ; God you speede, The blisful martir quyte you youre meede ! 770 And wel I woot, as jre gon by the weye, Ye schapen yow to talken and to pleye ; For trewely comfort ne merthe is noon To ryde by the weye domb as a stoon ;

THE PROLOGUE. 25

And therfore wol I make you disport,

As I seyde erst, and do you som confort.

And if yow liketh alle by oon assent

Now for to standen at my juggement ;

And for to werken as I.schal you seye,

To morwe, whan ye riden by the weye, 780

Now by my fadres soule that is deed,

But ye be merye, smyteth of myn heed.

Hold up youre hond withoute more speche.'

Ourc counseil was not longe for to seche ;

Us thoughte it nas nat worth to make it wys,

And graunted him withoute more avys,

And bad him seie his verdite, as him leste.

' Lordynges,' quoth he, ' now herkeneth for the

beste ; But taketh not, I pray you, in disdayn ; This is the poynt, to speken schort and playn, 790 That eeh of yow to schorte with youre weie. In this viage, schal telle tales tweye, To Caunturburi-ward, I mene it so, And hom-ward he schal tellen othur tuo, Of aventures that ther han bifalle. And which of yow that bereth him best of alio. That is to seye, that telleth in this caas Tales of best sentence and of solas, Schal han a soper at your alther cost Here in this place sittynge by this post, soo

Whan that we comen ageyn from Canturbery. And for to make you the more mery, I wol myselven gladly with you ryde, Right at myn owen cost, and be youre gydc. And who-so wole my juggement withseie Schal paye for al we spenden by the weye.

26 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And if ye vouchesauf that it be so,

Telle me anoon, withouten wordes moo,

And I wole erely schappe me therfore.'

This thing was graunted, and oure othus swore 810

With fnl glad herte. and prayden him also

That he would vouchesauf for to doon so,

And that he wolde ben oure governour,

And of our tales jugge and reportour,

And sette a souper at a certeyn prys ;

And we wolde rewled be at his dcvys,

In heygh and lowe ; and thus by oon assent

We been aeorded to his juggement.

And therupon the wyn was fet anoon ;

We dronken, and to reste wente eehoon, 820

Withouten cnjr lengere taryinge.

A morwc whan that the day bigan to sprynge,

Up roos oure ost, and was oure althur cok,

And gaderud us togider alle in a flok,

And forth we riden a litel more than paas,

Unto the waterynge of seint Thomas.

And there oure ost bigan his hors areste,

And seyde, ' Lordus, herkeneth if yow leste.

Ye woot youre forward, and I it you recorde.

If eve-song and morwe-song aeorde, 830

Let se now who schal telle ferst a tale.

As evere I moote drinke wyn or ale,

Who-so be rebel to my juggement

Schal paye for al that by the weye is spent.

Now draweth cut, er that we forther twynne ;

Which that hath the schortest schal bygynnc.'

' Sire knight,' quoth he, ' maister and my lord,

Now draweth cut, for that is myn acord.

Cometh ncr/ quoth he, ' my lady prioresse ;

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 27

And ye, sir clerk, lat be your schamfastnesse, sio Ne studieth nat ; ley hand to, every man.'

Anon to drawen every wight bigan, And schortly for to tellen as it was, Were it by aventure, or sort, or cas, The soth is this, the cut fil to the knight. Of which ful glad and blithe was every wight ; And telle he moste his tale as was resoun, By forward and by composicioun, As ye ban herd ; what needeth wordes moo ? And whan this goode man seigh that it was so, 850 As he that wys was and obedient To kepe his forward by his fre assent, He seyde : ' Syn I schal bygynne the game, What ! welcome be thou cut, a Goddus name ! Now lat us ryde, and herkneth what I scye.'

And with that word we riden forth oure weye ; And he bigan with right a merie chore His tale, and seide right in this manere.

THE KNIGHTES TALE.

^HILOM, as oldo stories tellen us, Ther was a duk that highte Theseus ; Of Athencs he was lord and governour, And in his tyme swich a eonquerour,

That gretter was ther non under the sonne.

Ful many a riche contre hadde he wonne ;

That with his wisdam and his chivalrie

He conquered al the regno of Femynye,

28 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

That whilom was i-cleped Cithea ;

And weddede the queen Ipolita, 10

And brought hire hoom with him in his centre,

With moche glorie and gret solempnite,

And cek hire yonge suster Emelye.

And thus with victorie and with melodye

Lete I this noble duk to Athenes ryde,

And al his ost, in amies him biside.

And certes, if it nere to long to heere,

I wolde han told yow fully the manere,

How wonnen was the regne of Femenye

By Theseus, and by his chivalrye ; 20

And of the grete bataille for the nones

Bytwix Athenes and the Amazones ;

And how asegid was Ypolita,

The faire hardy quyen of Cithea ;

And of the feste that was at hire weddynge,

And of the tempest at hire hoom comynge ;

But al that thing I most as now forbere.

I have, God wot, a large feeld to ere,

And wayke ben the oxen in my plough,

The remenaunt of the tale is long inough ; so

I wol not lette eek non of al this rowte

Lat every felawe telle his tale aboute,

And lat see now who schal the soper wynnc,

And ther I lafte, I wolde agayn begynne.

This duk, of whom I make mencioun, Whan he was comen almost unto the toun, In al his wele and in his moste pryde, He was war, as he cast his eyghe aside, Whcr that ther kneled in the hye weye A companye of ladies, tweye and tweye, 40

Ech after other, clad in clothes blake ;

THE KNTGHTES TALE. 29

But such a cry and such a woo they make,

That in this world nys creature lyvynge,

That herde such another weymentynge,

And of that cry no wolde they never stenten,

Til they the reynes of his bridel henten.

' What folk be ye that at myn horn comynge

Pertourben so my feste with cryenge ? '

Quod Theseus, ' have ye so gret envye

Of myn honour, that thus compleyne and crie? 50

Or who hath yow misboden, or offendid ?

And telleth me if it may ben amendid ;

And why that ye ben clad thus al in blak ? '

The oldest lady of hem alle spak, When sche hadtfe swowned with a dedly chere, That it was routhe for to seen or heere ; And seyde : ' Lord, to whom Fortune hath yeven Victorie, and as a conquerour to lyven, Noughte greveth us youre glorie and honour ; But we beseken mercy and socour. eo

Have mercy on oure woo and oure distrcsse. Som drope of pitee, thurgh youre gentilnessc, Uppon us wrecchede wommen lat thou falle. For certus, lord, ther nys noon of us alle, That sche nath ben a duchesse or a queene ; Now be we caytifs, as it is wel seene : Thanked be Fortune, and hire false wheel, That noon estat assureth to ben week And certus, lord, to abiden youre presence Here in the temple of the goddesse Clemence to We han ben waytynge al this fourtenight ; Now helpe us, lord, syn it is in thy might. I wrecche, which that wepe and waylle thus, Was whilom wyf to kyng Capaneus,

30 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

That starf at Thebes, cursed be that day !

And alle we that ben in this array,

And makcn alle this lamentacioun !

We leften alle oure housbondes at the toun,

Whil that the sege ther abouto lay.

And yet the olde Creon, welaway ! 80

That lord is now of Thebes the citee,

Fulfilde of ire and of iniquite,

He for despyt, and for his tyrannyc,

To do the deede bodyes vilonye,

Of alle oure lordes, which that ben i-slawe,

Hath alle the bodies on an heep y-drawe,

And wol not suffren hem by noon assent

Nother to ben y-buried nor i-brent,

But maketh houndes ete hem in despite.'

And with that word, withoute more respite, oo

They fillen gruf, and criden pitously,

' Have on us wrecched wommen som mercy,

And kit oure sorwe synken in thyn herte.'

This gentil duke doun from his courser sterte

With herte pitous, whan he herde hem speke.

Him thoughte that his herte wolde breke,

Whan he seyh hem so pitous and so maat,

That whilom weren of so gret estat.

And in his amies he hem 'alle up hente,

And hem conforteth in ful good entente ; 100

And swor his oth, as he was trewe knight,

He wolde do so ferforthly his might

Upon the tyraunt Creon hem to wreke,

That al the people of Grece scholde speke

How Creon was of Theseus y-served,

As he that hath his deth right wel deserved.

And right anoon, withoute eny abood

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 31

His baner he desplayeth, and forth rood

To Thebes- ward, and al his oost bysyde ;

No ner Athencs wolde he go ne ryde, no

Ne take his eese fully half a day,

But onward on his way that nyght he lay ;

And sente anoon Ypolita the queen e,

And Emelye hir yonge suster schene,

Unto the toun of Athenes to dwelle ;

And forth he ryt ; ther is no more to telle.

The reede statue of Mars with spere and targe So schyneth in his white baner large, That alle the feeldes gliteren up and doun ; And by his baner was born his pynoun 120

Of gold ful riche, in which ther was i-bete The Minatour which that he slough in Crete. Thus ryt this duk, thus ryt this conquerour, And in his oost of chevalrie the flour, Til that he cam to Thebes, and alighte Fayre in a feeld wher as he thoughte to fightc. But schortly for to speken of this thing, With Creon, which that was of Thebes kyng, He faught, and slough him manly as a knight In pleyn bataille, and putte his folk to flight ; 130 And by assaut he wan the cite aftur, And rente doun bothe wal, and sparre, and raftur ; And to the ladies he restored agayn The bones of here housbondes that were slayn, To do exequies, as was tho the gyse. But it were al to long for to devyse The grete clamour and the waymentynge Which that the ladies made at the brennynge Of the bodyes, and the grete honour That Theseus the noble conquerour 110

32 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Doth to the ladyes, whan they from him wente. But schortly for to telle is myn entente. Whan that this worthy duk, this Theseus, Hath Creon slayn, and Thebes wonne thus, Stille in the feelde he took al night his rcste, And dide with al the contre as him leste.

To ransake in the cas of bodyes dede Hem for to streepe of herneys and of wede, The pilours diden businesse and cure, After the bataile and discomfiture. iso

And so byfil, that in the cas thei founde, Thurgh girt with many a grcvous blody wounde, Two yonge knightcs liggyng by and by, Both in oon armes clad ful richely ; Of whiche two, Arcite hight that oon, And that othur knight hight Palamon. Nat fully quyk, ne fully deed they were, But by here coote armure, and by here gere, Heraudes knewe hem wel in special, As they that weren of the blood real ico

Of Thebes, and of sistren tuo i-born. Out of the chaas the pilours han hem torn, And han hem caried softe unto the tente Of Theseus, and ful sone he hem sente Tathenes, for to dwellen in prisoun Perpetuelly, he wolde no raunceoun. And this duk whan he hadde thus i-doon, He took his host, and horn he ryt anoon With laurer crowned as a conqucrour ; And there he lyveth in joye and in honour no

Terme of his lyf ; what wolle ye wordes moo? And in a tour, in angwische and in woo, This Palamon, and his felawe Arcite,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 33

For evermo, ther may no gold horn quyte. This passeth yeer by yeer, and day by day, Til it fel oones in a morwe of May That Emelie, that fairer was to seene Than is the lilie on hire stalkes grene. And fresscher than the May with floures newe — For with the rose colour strof hire hewe, iso

I not which was the fairer of hem two — Er it was day, as sche was wont to do, Sche was arisen, and al redy dight ; For May wole have no sloggardye a nyght. The sesoun priketh every gentil herte, And maketh him out of his sleepe sterte, And seith, ' Arys, and do thin observance.' This maked Emelye han remembrance To do honour to May, and for to ryse. I-clothed was sche fressh for to devyse. 190

Hire yolwe heer was browdid in a tresse, Byhynde hire bak, a yerde long I gesse. And in the gardyn at the sonne upriste Sche walketh up and doun wher as hire liste. Sche gadereth floures, party whyte and reede, To make a sotil gerland for hire heede, And as an aungel hevenly sche song. The grete tour, that was so thikke and strong, Which of the castel was the cheef dongeoun, (Ther as this knightes weren in prisoun, 200

Of which I tolde yow, and telle schal) Was evene joynyng to the gardeyn wal, Ther as this Emely hadde hire pleyynge, Bright was the sonne, and cleer that morwenynge, And Palamon, this woful prisoner, As was his wone, by leve of his gayler vol. ti. 11

34 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Was risen, and romcd in a chambre on heigh,

In which he al the noble cite" seigh,

And cek the gardeyn, ful of braunches grene,

Ther as the fresshe Emelye the scheene 210

Was in hire walk, and romed up and doun.

This sorweful prisoner, this Palamon,

Gooth in the chambre romyng to and fro,

And to himself compleynyng of his woo ;

That he was born, ful ofte he seyd, alas !

And so byfel, by aventure or cas,

That thurgh a wyndow thikke and many a barre

Of iren greet and squar as eny sparre,

He cast his eyen upon Emelya,

And therwithal he blcynte and cryed, a ! 220

As that ho stongen were unto the herte.

And with that crye Arcite anon up sterte,

And seyde, ' Cosyn myn, what eylcth the,

That art so pale and deedly for to see ?

Why crydestow? who hath the doon offence?

For Goddes love, tak al in pacienee

Oure prisoun, for it may non othir be ;

Fortune hath yeven us this adversite.

Som wikke aspect or disposicioun

Of Saturne, by sum constellacioun, 230

Hath yeven us this, although we hadde it sworn ;

So stood the heven whan that we were born ;

We moste endure it: this is the schort and pleyn.'

This Palamon answered, and seyde ageyn, ' Cosyn, for-sothe of this opynyoun Thou hast a veyn ymaginacioun. This prisoun causede me not for to crye. But I was hurt right now thurgh myn yhe Into myn herte, that wol my bane be.

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 35

The fairnesso of the lady that I sec 210

Yonde in the gardyn romynge to and fro,

Is cause of al my cryying and my wo.

I not whethur sche be womman or goddesse ;

But Venus is it, sothly as I gcsse.'

And therwithal on knees adoun he fil,

And seyde : ' Venus, if it be youre wil

Yow in this gardyn thus to transfigure,

Biforn me sonvful wrecched creature,

Out of this prisoun help that we may scape.

And if so be oure destyne be schape, 250

By eterne word to deyen in prisoun,

Of oure lynage haveth sum compassioun,

That is so lowe y-brought by tyrannye.'

And with that word Arcite gan espye

Wher as this lady romed to and fro.

And with that sight hire beaute hurt him so,

That if that Palamon was wounded sore,

Arcite is hurt as moche as he, or more.

And with a sigh he seyde pitously :

' The freissche beaute sleeth me sodeynly 260

Of hir that rometh yonder in the place ;

And but I have hir mercy and hir grace

That I may see hir atte leste weye,

I nam but deed ; ther nys no more to seye.

This Palamon, whan he tho wordes herde,

Dispitously he loked, and answerde :

' Whether seistow in ernest or in plcy ?'

' Nay,' quoth Arcite, ' in ernest in good fey.

God helpe me so, me luste ful evele pleye.'

This Palamon gan knytte his browes tweyo : 270

' Hit nere,' quod he, ' to the no gret honour,

For to be fals, ne for to be traytour

36 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

To me, that am thy cosyn and thy brother

I-swore ful deepe, and ech of us to other,

That never for to deyen in the payne,

Til that deeth departe schal us twayne,

Neythcr of us in love to hynder other,

Ne in non other cas, my leeve brother ;

But that thou schuldest trcwly forther mc

In every caas, and I schal forther the. 2so

This was thyn othe, and myn eek eertayn ;

I wot right wel, thou darst it nat withsayn.

Thus art thou of my counseil out of doute.

And now thou woldest falsly ben aboute

To love my lady, whom I love and serve,

And evere schal, unto myn herte sterve.

Now certes, fals Arcite, thou schal not so.

I loved hir first, and tolde the my woo

As to my counseil, and to brother sworn

To forther me, as I have told biforn. 290

For which thou art i-bounden as a knight

To helpe me, if it lay in thi might,

Or clles art thou fals, I dar wel sayn.'

This Arcite ful proudly spak agayn.

' Thou sehalt,' quoth he, ' be rather fals than I.

But thou art fals, I telle the uttirly.

For par amour I loved hir first then thow.

What wolt thou sayn ? thou wost not yit now

Whether sche be a womman or goddesse.

Thyn is affeccioun of holynesse, 300

And myn is love, as of a creature ;

For which I tolde the myn adventure

As to my cosyn, and my brother sworn.

I pose, that thou lovedest hire biforn ;

Wost thou nat wel the olde clerkes sawe,

THE KN1GHTJ3S TALE. 37

That who schal yeve a lover eny lawe,

Love is a grettere lawe, by my pan,

Then may be yeve to eny erthly man ?

Therfore posityf lawe, and such decre,

Is broke alway for love in ech degree. 3io

A man moot needes love maugre his heed.

He may nought fie it, though he schulde be deed,

Al be sche mayde, or be sche widewe or wyf.

And eke it is nat likly al thy lyf

To stonden in hire grace, no more schal I ;

For wel thou wost thyselven verrily,

That thou and I been dampned to prisoun

Perpetuelly, us gayneth no raunsoun.

We stryve, as doth the houndes for the boon,

They foughte al day, and yit here part was noon ;

Ther com a kyte, whil that they were wrothe, 321

And bar awey the boon bitwise hem bothe.

And therfore at the kynges court, my brother,

Eche man for himself, ther is non other.

Love if the liste ; for I love and ay schal ;

And sothly, leeve brother, this is al.

Here in this prisoun moote we endure,

And every of us take his aventure.'

Gret was the stryf and long bytwixe hem tweye,

If that I hadde leysir for to seye ; 330

But to the effect. It happed on a day,

(To telle it yow as schortly as I may)

A worthy duk that highte Perotheus,

That felaw was to the duk Theseus

Syn thilke day that they were children lyte,

Was come to Athenes, his felawe to visitc,

And for to pley, as he was wont to do,

For in this world he lovede noman so :

38 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And he loved him as tendurly agayn.

So wel they loved, as olde bookes sayn, S40

That whan that oon was deed, sothly to telle,

His felawe wente and sought him doun in helle ;

But of that story lyste me nought to write.

Duk Perotheus lovede wel Arcite,

And hadde him knowo at Thebes yeer by yeer ;

And fynally at requeste and prayer

Of Perotheus, withoute any raunsoun

Duk Theseus him leet out of prisoun,

Frcly to go, wher him lust overal,

In such a gyse, as I you telle schal. 350

This was the forward, playnly to cndite,

Betwixe Theseus and him Arcite :

That if so were, that Arcite were founde

Evere in his lyf, by daye or night, or stound

In eny contre of this Theseus,

And he were caught, it was acorded thus,

That with a swerd he scholde lese his heed ;

Ther nas noon other remedy ne reed,

But took his leeve, and homward he him spedde ;

Let him be war, his nekko lith to wedde. S60

How gret a sorwc suffreth now Arcite ! The deth he feleth thorugh his herte smyte ; He weepeth, weyleth, cryeth pitously ; To slen himself he wayteth pryvyly. He seyde, ' Alias the day that I was born ! Now is my prisoun werse than was biforn ; Now is me schape eternally to dwelle Nought in purgatorie, but in helle. Alias ! that ever knewe I Perotheus ! For elles had I dweld with Theseus 370

I-fetered in his prisoun for evere moo.

THE KNTGHTES TALE. 39

Than had I ben in blis, and nat in woo.

Oonly the sight of hir, whom that I serve,

Though that I hir grace may nat deserve,

Wold han sufficed right ynough for me.

0 dere cosyn Palamon,' quod he,

< Thyn is the vietoire of this aventure,

Ful blisfully in prisoun to endure ;

In prisoun ? nay, certes but in paradys !

Wei hath fortune y-torned the the dys, sso

That hath the sight of hir, and I the absence.

For possible is, syn thou hast hir presence,

And art a knight, a worthi and an able,

That by som cas, syn fortune is chaungable,

Thou maist to thy desir somtymc atteyne.

But I that am exiled, and bareyne

Of alle grace, and in so gret despeir,

That ther nys water, erthe, fyr, ne eyr,

Ne creature, that of hem maked is,

That may me helpe ne comfort in this. 390

Wei ought I sterve in wanhope and distresso ;

Farwel my lyf and al my jolynesse.

Alias ! why playnen folk so in comune

Of purveance of God, or of fortune,

That yeveth him ful ofte in many a gyse

Wei better than thei can hcmself devyso ?

Som man desir eth for to have richcsse,

That cause is of his morthre or gret seekncsse.

And som man wolde out of his prisoun fayn,

That in his hous is of his mayne slayn. 4uo

Infinite harmes ben in this mateere ;

We wote nevere what thing we prayen heerc.

We faren as he that dronke is as a mows.

A dronke man wot wel he hath an hous,

40 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

But he not nat which' the righte wey is thider,

And to a dronke man the wey is slider,

And certes in this world so faren we.

We seeken faste after felicite,

But we gon wrong ful ofte trewely.

Thus may we seyen alle, and namely I, 410

That wende have had a gret opinioun,

That yif I mighte shape fro prisoun,

Than had I be in joye and perfyt hele,

Ther now I am exiled fro my wele.

Syn that I may not se yow, Emelye,

I nam but deed ; ther nys no remedyc.'

Uppon that other syde Palomon, Whan he wiste that Arcite was agoon, Such sorwe maketh, that the grete tour Resowneth of his yollyng and clamour. 420

The pure feteres of his schynes grete Weren of his bitter salte teres wete. ' Alias ! ' quod he, ' Arcita, cosyn myn, Of al oure strif, God woot, the fruyt is thin. Thow walkest now in Thebes at thi large, And of my woo thou ycvcst litel charge. Thou maiste, syn thou hast wysdom and manhede, Assemble al the folk of oure kynrede, And make a wcrre so scharpe in this cite, That by som aventure, or by som trete, 430

Thou mayst hire wynne to lady and to wyf, For whom that I moste needes leese my lyf. For as by wey of possibilite, Syn thou art at thi large of prisoun free, And art a lord, gret is thin avantage, More than is myn, that sterve here in a kage. For I moot weepe and weyle, whil that I lyve,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 41

With al the woo that prisoun may me yyve,

And eek with peyne that love me yeveth also,

That doubleth al my torment and my wo.' 440

Therwith the fuyr of jelousye upsterte

Withinne his brest, and hent him by the herte

So wodly, that lik was he to byholde

The box-tree, or the asschen deed and colde.

Tho seyde he ; ' 0 goddes cruel, that governe

This world with byndyng of youre word eterne,

And writen in the table of athamaunte

Youre parlement and youre eterne graunte,

What is mankynde more to yow holde

Than is a scheep, that rouketh in the folde ? 4.50

For slayn is man right as another beste,

And dwelleth eek in prisoun and arrestc,

And hath seknesse, and greet adversite,

And ofte tymes gilteles, parde.

What governaunce is in youre prescience,

That gilteles tormenteth innocence ?

And yet encreceth this al my penaunce,

That man is bounden to his observaunce

For Goddes sake to letten of his willc,

Ther as a beste may al his lust fulfille. ieo

And whan a beste is deed, he ne hath no peyne ;

But man after his deth moot wepe and pleyne,

Though in this world he have care and woo :

Withouten doute it may stonde so.

The answer of this I lete to divinis,

But wel I woot, that in this world gret pyne is.

Alias ! I se a serpent or a theef,

That many a trewe man hath doon mescheef,

Gon at his large, and wher him luste may turne.

But I moste be in prisoun thurgh Saturne, 470

42 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And eek thorugh Juno, jalous and eke wood, That hath destruyed wel neyh al the blood Of Thebes, with his waste walles wyde. And Venus sleeth me on that other sydc For jelousye, and fere of him Arcyte.'

Now wol I stynte of Falamon a lite, And lete him stille in his prisoun dwelle, And of Arcita forth than wol I telle. The somer passeth, and the nightes longe Encrescen double wise the peynes stronge 480

Bothe of the lover and the prisoner. I noot which hath the wofullere cheer. For schortly for to sey, this Palomon Perpetuelly is dampned in prisoun, In cheynes and in feteres to be deed ; And Arcite is exiled upon his heed For evere mo as out of that contre, Ne nevere mo schal he his lady see. Now lovycres axe I this question, Who hath the worse, Arcite or Palomon ? 490

That on may sc his lady day by day, But in prisoun he moot dwelle alwa3% That other may wher him luste rydo or go, But seen his lady schal he never mo. Now deemeth as you luste, ye that can, For I wol telle forth as I bigan.

Whan that Arcite to Thebes come was, Ful oftc a day he swelde and seyde alas ! For seen his lady schal he never mo. And schortly to concluden al his wo, 500

80 moche sorwc hadc/e never creature. That is or schal whil that the world wol dure. His sleep, his mete, his drynk is him byraft,

THE KN1GHTES TALE. 43

That lene he wexe, and clrye as eny schaft.

His eyen holwe, grisly to biholde ;

His hewe falwe, and pale as asschen colde,

And solitary he was, and ever alone,

And dwellyng al the night, making his moone.

And if he herde song or instrument,

Then wolde he wepe, he mighte nought be stent ;

So feble were his spirites, and so lowe. 511

And chaunged so, that no man couthe knowe

His speche nother his vois, though men it herde.

And in his gir, for al the world he ferde

Nought oonly lyke the lovers malady e

Of Hereos, but rather lik manye,

Engendrud of humour malencolyk,

Byforne in his selle fantastyk.

And schortly turned was al up-so-doun

Bothe abyt and eek disposicioun 520

Of him, this woful lovere daun Arcite.

What schuldo I alway of his wo enditc ?

Whan he endured hadde a yeer or tuoo

In this cruel torment, and this peyne and woo,

At Thebes, in his contre, as I seyde,

Upon a night in sleep as he him leyde,

Him thoughte that how the wenged god Mercurie

Byforn him stood, and bad him to be murye.

His slepy yerd in hond he bar upright ;

An hat he wered upon his heres bright. 530

Arrayed was this god (as he took keepe)

As he was whan that Argous took his sleep ;

And scyde him thus: 'To Athenes schalt thou wende ;

Ther is the sehapen of thy wo an ende.'

And with that word Arcite wook and sterte.

' Now trewely how sore that me smerte.'

44 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Quod lie, ' to Athenes right now wol I fare ;

Ne for the drede of deth schal I not spare

To see my lady, that I love and serve ;

In hire presence I recehe nat to sterve.' 540

And with that word he caught a gret myrour,

And saugh that chaunged was al his colour,

And saugh his visage was in another kynde.

And right anoon it ran him into mynde.

That seththen his face was so disfigured

Of maladie the which he hath endured,

He mighte wel, if that he bar him lowe,

Lyve in Athenes evere more unknowe,

And see his lady wel neih day by day.

And right anon he chaunged his aray, 550

And clothed him as a pore laborer.

And al alone, save oonly a squyer,

That knew his pryvyte and al his cas,

Which was disgysed povrely as he was,

To Athenes is he go the nextc way.

And to the court he went upon a day,

And at the gate he profred his servyse,

To drugge and drawe, what-so men wolde devyse.

And schortly on this matier for to seyn,

He fel in office with a chambirleyn, 660

The which that dwellyng was with Emelye.

For he was wys, and couthe sone aspye

Of every servaunt, which that served here.

Wel couthe he hewe woode, and water bere,

For he was yonge and mighty for the nones,

And therto he was long and bygge of bones

To doon that eny wight can him devyse.

A yeer or two he was in this servise,

Page of the chambre of Emelye the brightc ;

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 45

And Philostrate he seide that he highte. 570

But half so wel byloved a man as he

Ne was ther never in court of his degree.

He was so gentil of his condicioun,

That thoruhout al the court was his renoun.

They seyde that it were a charite

That Theseus would enhaunsen his degree,

And putten him in worschipful servyse,

Ther as he might his vertu excersise.

And thus withinne a while his name spronge

Bothe of his dedes, and of goode tonge, 580

That Theseus hatli taken him so neer

That of his chambre he made him squyer,

And yaf him gold to mayntene his degree ;

And eek men brought him out of his countre

Fro yeer to yer ful pryvyly his rente ;

But honestly and sleighly he it spente,

That no man wondred how that he it hadde.

And thre yeer in this wise his lyf he ladde,

And bar him so in pees and eek in werre,

Ther nas no man that Theseus hath so derre. 590

And in this blisse lete I now Arcite,

And speke I wole of Palomon a lyte.

In derknes and orrible and strong prisoun This seven yeer hath seten Palomon, Forpyned, what for woo and for destresse, Who feleth double sorwe and hevynesse But Palamon ? that love destreyneth so, That wood out of his witt he goth for wo ; And eek therto he is a prisoner Perpetuelly, nat oonly for a yeer. 600

Who couthe ryme in Englissch propurly His martirdam ? for-sothe it am nat I ;

46 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Therfore I passe as lightly as I may.

It fel that in the seventhe yeer in May

The thridde night, (as olde bookes seyn,

That al this storie tellen more pleyn)

Were it by aventure or destene,

(As, whan a thing is schapen, it schal be,)

That soone aftur the mydnyght, Palamoun

By helpyng of a freend brak his prisoun, 6io

And fleeth the cite fast as he may goo,

For he hade yive drinke his gayler soo

Of a elarre, maad of a certeyn wyn,

With nercotykes and opye of Thebes fyn,

That al that nigh tthough that men wolde him schake,

The gayler sleep, he mighte nought awake.

And thus he fleeth as fast as ever he may.

The night was schort, and faste by the day,

That needes cost he moste himselven hyde,

And til a grove ther faste besyde 620

With dredful foot than stalketh Palomoun.

For schortly this was his opynyoun,

That in that grove he wolde him hyde al day,

And in the night then wolde he take his way

To Thebes-ward, his frendes for to preye

On Theseus to helpe him to werreye.

And shortelich, or he wolde lese his lyf,

Or wynnen Emelye unto his wyf.

This is theffect of his entente playn.

Now wol I torne unto Arcite agayn, 630

That litel wiste how nyh that was his care,

Til that fortune hath brought him in the snare.

The busy larke, messager of day, Salueth in hire song the morwe gray ; And fyry Phebus ryseth up so bright,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 47

That al the orient laughoth of the light,

And with his stremes dryeth in the groves

The silver dropes, hongyng on the leeves.

And Arcite, that is in the court ryal

With Theseus, his squyer principal, 6<io

Is risen, and loketh on the mery day.

And for to doon his observance to May,

Remembryng of the poynt of his desire,

He on his courser, stertyng as the fire,

Is riden into feeldes him to pleye,

Out of the court, were it a myle or tweye.

And to the grove, of which that I yow tolde,

By aventure his wey he gan to holde,

To make him a garland of the greves,

Were it of woodewynde or hawthorn leves, Gf.o

And lowde he song ayens the sonne scheene :

' May, with al thyn floures and thy grccne,

Welcome be thou, wel faire frcissche May !

I hope that I som grene gete may.'

And fro his courser, with a lusty herte,

Into the grove ful lustily he sterte,

And in a pathe he romed up and doun,

Ther by aventure this Palamoun

Was in a busche, that no man might him soe.

Ful sore afered of his deth was he, ceo

Nothing ne knew he that it was Arcite :

God wot he wolde have trowed it ful lite.

For soth is seyde, goon ful many yeres,

That fold hath eyen, and the woode hath eeres.

It is ful fair a man to bere him evene,

For al day meteth men atte unset stevene.

Ful litel woot Arcite of his felawe,

That was so neih to hcrkcn of his sawe,

48 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

For in the busche he stynteth now ful stille.

Whan that Arcite hadde romed al his fille, 670

And songen al the roundel lustily,

Into a studie he fel sodeynly,

As doth thes lovers in here queynte geeres,

Now in the croppe, now doun in the breres,

Now up, now doun, as boket in a welle.

Right as the Friday, sothly for to telle,

Now it schyneth, now it reyneth faste,

Right so gan gery Venus overcaste

The hertes of hire folk, right as hir day

Is gerful, right so chaungeth hire aray. 680

Selde is the Fryday al the wyke i-like.

Whan that Arcite hadde songe, he gan to sike,

And sette him doun -withouten eny more :

' Alas ! ' quod he, ' that day that I was bore !

How longe Juno, thurgh thy cruel te

Wiltow werreyen Thebes the citee ?

Alias ! i-brought is to confusioun

The blood royal of Cadme and Amphioun ;

Of Cadynus, the which was the furst man

That Thebes bulde, or first the toun bygan, 690

And of that cite first was crowned kyng,

Of his lynage am I, and his ofspring

By verray lyne, and of his stok ryal :

And now I am so caytyf and so thral,

That he that is my mortal enemy,

I serve him as his squyer povrely.

And yet doth Juno me wel more schame,

For I dar nought byknowe myn owne name,

But ther as I was wont to hote Arcite,

Now hoote I Philostrate, nought worth a myte.

Alias ! thou felle Mars, alias ! Juno, voa

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 49

Thus hath youre ire owre lynage fordo,

Save oonly me, and wreechid Palomon,

That Theseus martyreth in prisoun.

And over al this, to slee me utterly,

Love hath his fyry dart so brennyngly

I-stykid thorugh my trewe careful herte,

That schapen was my deth erst than my schertc.

Ye slen me with 3-oure eyhen, Emclye ;

Ye ben the cause wherfore that I dye. 710

Of al the remcnant of al myn other care

Ne sette I nought the mountaunce of a tare,

Bo that I couthe do ought to youre pleasaunce.'

And with that word he fel doun in a traunce

A longe tyme ; and aftirward upsterte

This Palamon, that thoughte thurgh his herte

He felt a cold swerd sodeynliche glyde ;

For ire he quook, he nolde no longer abyde.

And whan that he hath herd Arcites tale,

As he were wood, with face deed and pale, 720

He sterte him up out of the bussches thikke,

And seyde : ' Arcyte, false traitour wikkc,

Now art thou hent, that lovest my lady so,

For whom that I have al this peyne and wo,

And art my blood, and to my counseil sworn,

As I ful ofte have told the heere byforn,

And hast byjaped here the duke Theseus,

And falsly chaungcel hast thy name thus ;

I wol be deed, or elles thou schalt dye.

Thou schalt not love my lady Emelye, 700

But I wil love hire oonly and no mo ;

For I am Palomon thy mortal fo.

And though that I no wepen have in this place,

But out of prisoun am y-stert by grace,

VOL. II. E

50 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

I drede not that other thou sehalt dye,

Or thou ne sehalt not love Emelye.

Chese which thou wilt, for thou sehalt not asterte.'

This Arcite, with ful despitous herte,

Whan he him knew, and had his tale herdc,

As fers as a lyoun pullcth out a swerde, 710

And seide thus : ' By God that sitteth above,

Nere it that thou art sike and wood for love,

And eek that thou no wepne hast in this place.

Thou scholdest never out of this grove pace,

That thou ne schuldest deyen of myn hond.

For I defye the seurte and the bond

Which that thou seyst I have maad to the.

For, verray fool, thenk that love is fre ;

And I wol love hire mawgre al thy might.

But, for thou art a gcntil perfight knight, 750

And wenest to dereyne hire by batayle,

Have heere my trouthe, to morwe I nyl not fayle,

Withouten wityng of eny other wight,

That heer I wol be founden as a knight,

And bryngen harneys right inough for the ;

And ches the best, and lef the worst for me.

And mete and drynke this night wil I brynge

Inough for the, and cloth for thy beddyngc.

And if so be that thou my lady wynne,

And sle me in this wood that I am inne, tgo

Thou maist wel have thy lady as for me.'

This Palomon answereth, ' I graunt it the.'

And thus they ben departed til a-morwe,

Whan ech of hem hadc/e leyd his feith to bonve.

0 Cupide, out of al charite ! 0 regne, that wolt no felaw have with the Ful soth is seyde, that love ne lordschipe

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 51

Wol not, his thonkcs, have no felasehipe.

Wei fynden that Arcite and Palamoun.

Arcite is riden anon to the toun, 770

And on the monve, or it were day light,

Ful prively two harneys hath he dight,

Bothe sufficaunt and mete to darreyne

The batayl in the feeld betwix hem tweyne.

And on his hors, alone as he was born,

He caryed al this harneys him byforn ;

And in the grove, at tyme and place i-sette,

This Arcite and this Palamon ben mette.

Tho chaungen gan here colour in here face.

Right as the honter in the regne of Trace 780

That stondeth in the gappe with a spere,

Whan hontcd is the lyoun or the bere,

And hereth him comyng in the groves,

And breketh bothe the bowes and the leves,

And thenketh, ' Here cometh my mortel enemy,

Withoute faile, he mot be deed or I ;

For cyther I mot slen him at the gappe,

Or he moot slee me, if it me myshappe :'

So ferden they, in chaungyng of here hew,

As fer as eyther of hem other knew. 7?o

Thcr nas no good day, ne no saluyng ;

But streyt withouten worries rehersyng,

Every of hem helpeth to armen other,

As frendly as he were his owen brother ;

And thanne with here scharpe speres strongc

They foyneden ech at other wonder longc.

Tho it semede that this Palomon

In his fightyng were as a wood lyoun,

And as a cruel tygro was Arcite :

As wilde boor^o gonne they to smyte, 800

52 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

That frothen white as fome, for ire wood. Up to the ancle they faught in here blood. And in this wise I lete hem fightyng welle ; And forthere I wol of Theseus telle.

The destine, mynistre general, That executcth in the world overal The purveans, that God hath seye byforn ; So strong it is, that they the world hadde sworn The contrary of a thing by ye or nay, Yet som tyme it schal falle upon a day sio

That falleth nought eft in a thousend yeere. For certeynly oure appetites heere, Be it of werre, or pees, other hate, or love, Al is it reuled by the sight above. This mene I now by mighty Theseus, That for to honte is so desirous, And namely the grete hert in May, That in his bed ther daAveth him no day, That he nys clad, and redy for to ryde With hont and horn, and houndes him byside. 820 For in his hontyng hath he such delyt, That it is al his joye and appetyt To been himself the grete hertes bane, For after Mars he serveth now Dyane.

Cleer was the day, as I have told or this, And Theseus, with alle joye and blys, With his Ypolita, the fayre queene, And Emelye, clothed al in greene, On hontyng be thay riden ryally. And to the grove, that stood ther faste by, 830 In which ther was an hert as men him tolde, Duk Theseus the streyte wey hath holde. And to the launde he rydeth him ful right,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 53

There was the hert y-wont to have his flight,

And over a brook, and so forth in his weye.

This duk wol have of him a conrs or tweyo

With houndes, which as him luste to comannde.

And whan this duk was come into the launde,

Under the sonne he loketh, right anon

He was war of Arcite and Palomon, sio

That foughten breeme, as it were boores tuo ;

The brighte swcrdes wente to and fro

So hidously, that with the leste strook

It seemeth as it wolde felle an ook ;

But what they were, nothing yit he woot.

This duk with spores his courser he smoot,

And at a stert ho was betwixt hem tuoo,

And pullid out a swerd and cride, ' Hoo !

Nomore, up peyne of leesyng of your heed.

By mighty Mars, anon he schal be deed, 8.50

That smyteth eny strook, that I may seen !

But telleth me what mestir men ye been,

That ben so hardy for to fighten heere

Withoute jugge or other officere,

As it were in a lyste really ? '

This Palamon answerde hastily,

And seyde : ' Sire, what nedeth wordes mo ?

We han the deth deserved bothe tuo.

Tuo woful wrecches been we, and kaytyves,

That ben encombred of oure owne lyves ; 860

And as thou art a rightful lord and juge,

Ne yeve us neyther mercy no refuge.

And sle me first, for seynte charite ;

But sle my felaw eek as wel as me.

Or sle him first ; for, though thou knowc him lyte,

This is thy mortal fo, this is Arcite,

54 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

That fro thy lond is banyscht on his heed,

For which he hath i-served to be deed.

For this is he that come to thi gate

And seyde, that he highte Philostrate. 870

Thus hath he japed the many a yer,

And thou hast maad of him thy cheef squyer.

And this is he that loveth Emelye.

For sith the day is come that I schal dye,

I make plcynly my eonfessioun,

That I am the woful Palamoun,

That hath thi prisoun broke wikkedly.

I am thy mortal foo, and it am I

That loveth so hoote Emely the bright,

That I wol dye present in hire sight. 880

Therfore I aske deeth and my juwysc ;

But slee my felaw in the same wyse,

For bothe we have served to be slayn.'

This worthy duk answerde anon agayn, And seide : ' This is a schort conclusioun : Your owne mouth, by your owne eonfessioun, Hath dampned you bothe, and I wil it recorde. It needeth nought to pyne yow with the corde. Ye schul be deed by mighty Mars the reede ! ' The queen anon for verray wommanhede 890

Gan for to wepe, and so dede Emelye, And alle the ladies in the companye. Great pite was it, as it thought hem alle, That evere such a chaunce sehulde falle ; For gentil men thei were and of gret estate, And nothing but for love was this debate. And saw here bloody woundes wyde and sore ; And alle they cryde lesse and the more, ' Have mercy, Lord, upon us wommen alle !'

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 55

And on hero bare knees anoon they falle, ooo

And wolde have kissed his bare feet right as he stood,

Til atte laste aslaked was his mood ;

For pite renneth sone in gentil herte.

And though hefirste for ire quok and sterto

He hath it al considered in a clause,

The trespas of hem bothe, and here cause :

And although his ire here gylt accuseds,

Yet he, in his resoun, hem bothe excused^ ;

And thus he thoughts that every maner man

Wol help himself in love if that he can, 910

And eek delyver himself out of prisoun.

And eek in his hert hadde compassioun

Of wommen, for they wepen ever in oon ;

And in his gentil hert he thought anoon,

And sothly he to himself seyde : ' Fy

Upon a lord that wol have no mercy,

But be a lyoun bothe in word and dede,

To hem that ben in repentaunce and drede,

As wel as to a proud dispitious man,

That wol maynteyne that he first bigan. 9?o

That lord hath litel of discrecioun,

That in such caas can no divisioun ;

But wayeth pride and humblenesse after oon,

And schortly, whan his ire is over-gon,

He gan to lokc on hem with eyen light,

And spak these same wordes al in hight.

' The god of love, a ! benedicite,

How mighty and how gret a lord is he !

Agayns his might ther gayneth non obstacle,

He may be cleped a god of his miracle ; 920

For he can maken at his owen gyse

Of every herte, as him luste devyse.

.r)G THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Lo her is Arcite and Palomon,

That quytely were out of my prisoun,

And might have lyved in Tliebes ryally,

And witen I am here mortal enemy,

And that here deth lith in my might also,

And yet hath love, maugre here eyghen 1uo,

I-brought hem hider bothe for to dye.

Now loketh, is nat that an heih folye ? 940

Who may not be a fole, if that he love ?

Byholde for Goddes sake that sitteth above,

Se how they blede ! be they nought wel arrayed !

Thus hath here lord, the god of love, hem payed

Here wages and here fees for here servise.

And yet wenen they to ben fid wise,

That serven love, for ought that may bifallc.

But this is yette the beste game of alle,

That sche, for whom they have this jelousye,

Can hem therfore as moche thank as jolite. 950

Sche woot no more of al this hoote fare,

By God, than wot a cuckow or an hare.

But al moot ben assayed hoot or colde ;

A man moot ben a fool other yong or olde ;

I woot it by myself ful yore agon :

For in my tyme a servant was I on.

And sythen that I knewe of loves peyne,

And wot how sore it can a man destreyne,

As he that hath often ben caught in his lace,

I you foryeve holly this trespace, 9G0

At the request of the queen that kneleth hecre,

And eek of Emely, my suster deere.

And ye schullen bothe anon unto me swere,

That never ye schullen my corowne dere,

Ne make wcrre on me night nc day,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 57

But be my freencles in alle that yc may.

I you foryeve this trespas every dele.'

And they him swore his axyng /aire and loele,

And him of lordsehip and of mercy prayde,

And he hem graunted mercy, and thus he sayde :

' To speke of real lynage and riches 971

Though that sche were a queen or a prynces,

Ilk of yow bothe is worthy douteles

To wedde when tyme is, but natheles

I speke as for my suster Emelye,

For whom ye have this stryf and jelousye,

Ye woot youreself sche may not wedde two

At oones, though ye faughten ever mo :

That oon of yow, or be him loth or lcef,

He may go pypen in an ivy leef ; sso

This is to say, sche may nought have bothe,

Al be ye never so jelous, ne so lothe.

For-thy I put you bothe in this degre,

That ilk of you schal have his destyne,

As him is schape, and herken in what wysc ;

Lo here your ende of that I schal devyse.

My wil is this, for playn conclusioun,

Withouten eny repplicaeioun,

If that you liketh, tak it for the beste,

That every of you schal go wher him leste 900

Frely withouten raunsoun or daungeer ;

And this day fyfty wykes, fer ne neer,

Everich of you schal bryng an hundred knightcs,

Armed for lystes up at alle rightes

Al redy to derayne hir by batayle.

And thus byhoto I you withouten fayle

Upon my trouthe, and as I am a knight,

That whethir of yow bothe that hath might,

58 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

This is to seyn, that whethir he or thou May with his hundred, as I spak of now, 1000

Sle his contrary, or out of lystes dryvo, Him sehal I yeve Emelye to wyve, To whom that fortune yeveth so fair a grace. The lyste schal I make in this place, And God so wisly on my sowle rewe, As I schal even juge ben and trewe. Ye schul non othir ende with me make, That oon of yow schal be deed or take. And if you thinketh this is wel i-sayde, Say youre avys, and holdeth yow apayde. 1010

This is youre ende and youre conelusioun.' Who loketh lightly now but Palomoun ? Who spryngeth up for joye but Arcite ? Who couthe telle, or who couthe endite, The joye that is made in this place Whan Theseus hath don so fair a grace ? But down on knees wente every wight, And thanked him with al here hertes miht, And namely the Thebanes ofte sithe. And thus with good hope and herte blithe 1020 They taken here leve, and horn- ward they ryde To Thcbes-ivard, with olde walles wyde. I trow men wolde it deme necligence, If I foryete to telle the dispence Of Theseus, that goth so busily To maken up the lystes rially. And such a noble theatre as it was, I dar wel say that in this world ther nas. The circuite ther was a myle aboute, Walled of stoon, and dyched al withoute. 1030

Kound was the schap, in manor of compaas,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 59

Ful of degre, the height of sixty paas, . That whan a man was set in o degre He lettede nought his felaw for to se.

Est- ward ther stood a gate of marbul whit, West-ward such another in opposit. And schortly to conclude, such a place Was non in erthe in so litel space. In al the lond ther nas no craftys man, That geometry or arsmetrike can, 1040

Ne portreyour, ne kerver of ymages, That Theseus ne yaf hem mete and wages The theatre for to maken and devyse. And for to don his right and sacrifice, He est-ward hath upon the gate above, In worschip of Venus, goddes of love, Don make an auter and an oratory ; And westward in the mynde and in memory Of Mars, he hath i-maked such another, That coste largely of gold a fother. 1050

And northward, in a toret on the walle, Of alabaster whit and reed coralle An oratory riche for to see, In worschip of Dyane, goddes of chastite, Hath Theseus i- wrought in noble wise. But yit had I forgeten to devyse The nobil kervyng, and the purtretures, The schap, the contynaunce of the figures, That weren in these oratories thre.

Furst in the temple of Venus thou may se 1060 Wrought in the wal, ful pitous to byholde. The broken slepes, and the sykes colde j The sacred teeres, and the waymentyng ; The fuyry strokes of the desiryng,

GO THE CANTERBURY TALES.

That loves servauntz in this lyf enduren ;

The othes that by her covenants assuren.

Plesance and hope, desyr, fool-hardynesse,

Beaute and youthe, bandery and richesse,

Charmes and sorcery, lesynges and flatery,

Dispense, busynes, and jelousy, 1070

That werud of yolo guides a gerland,

And a cukkow sittyng on hire hand ;

Festes, instruments, carols, and daunces,

Lust and array, and al the circumstaunces

Of love, which I rekned and reken schal,

Ech by other were peynted on the wal.

And mo than I can make of mencioun.

For sothly al the mount of Setheroun,

Ther Venus hath hir principal dwellyng.

Was schewed on the wal here portrayng ioso

With alle the gardyn, and al the lustynes.

Nought was foryete ; the porter Ydelnes,

Ne Narcisus the fayr of yore agon,

No yet the foly of kyng Salomon,

Ne eek the grete strengthe of him Hercules,

Thenchauntementz of Medea and Cerces,

Ne of Turnus the hard fuyry corage,

The riche Cresus caytif in servage.

Thus may we see, that wisdom and riches,

Beaute no sleight, strengthe ne hardynes, 1000

Ne may with Venus holde champartye,

For as sche luste the world than may sche gye.

Lo, al this folk i-caught were in hire trace,

Til they for wo ful often sayde alias.

Sufficeth this ensample oon or tuo,

And though I coutho reken a thousend mo.

The statu of Venus, glorious for to see,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. Gl

Was naked fletyng in the large see,

And fro the navel doun al covered was

With wawes grene, and bright as eny glas. 1100

A citole in hire right hand hackle sche,

And on hir heed, ful semely on to see,

A rose garland ful swete and wel smellyng,

And aboven hire heed dowves flik&ryng.

Biforn hir stood hir sone Cupido,

Upon his schuldres were wynges two ;

And blynd he was, as it is often scene ;

A bo we he bar and arwes fair and Tcene.

Why schuld I nought as wel telle you alio

The portraiture, that was upon the walle mo

Within the temple of mighty Mars the reede ?

Al peynted was the wal in length and breede

Like to the estres of the grisly place,

That hight the gret tempul of Mars in Trace,

In that colde and frosty rcgioun,

Ther as Mars hath his sovereyn mancioun.

First on the wal was peynted a foreste,

In which ther dwellede ncyther man ne beste,

With knotty knarry bareyn trees olde

Of stubbes scharpe and hidous to byholde; 1120

In which ther ran a swymbul in a swough,

As it were a storme schulde berst every bough :

And downward on an hil under a bent,

Ther stood the tempul of Marz armypotent,

Wrought al of burned steel, of which thentrc

Was long and streyt, and gastly for to see.

And therout came a rage of suche a prise,

That it maad al the gates for to rise.

The northen light in at the dore schon,

For wyndow on the walle ne was ther noon, 1130

G2 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Thorugh the which men might no light discerne.

The dores wer alio ademauntz eterne,

I-clenched overthward and endelong

With iren tough ; and, for to make it strong,

Every piler the tempul to stistcenc

Was tonne greet, of iren bright and schenc.

Ther saugh I furst the derk ymaginyng

Of felony, and al the compassyng ;

The cruel ire, as reed as eny gleede ;

The pikepurs, and eek the pale drede ; mo

The smyler with the knyf under his cloke :

The schipne brennyng with the blake smoke ;

The tresoun of the murtheryng in the bed ;

The open werres, with woundes al bi-bled ;

Contek with bloody knyf, and scharp manace.

Al ful of chirkyng was that sory place.

The sleer of himself yet saugh I there,

His herte-blood hath bathed al his here ;

The nayl y-dryve in the schode a-nyght ;

The colde deth, with mouth gapyng upright, liso

Amyddes of the tempul set meschaunce,

With sory comfort and evel contynaunce.

Yet I saugh ivoodnes laughyng in his rage ;

The hunte strangled with wilde bores corage.

The caraigne in the busche, with throte i-lcorve :

A thousand slayne, and not of qualme i-storve ;

The tiraunt, with the pray hi force i-rafte ;

The toune distroied, there was no thing laftc.

Yet saugh I brent the schippis hoppesteres ;

The hunte strangled with the wilde heercs : H60

The sowe freten the child right in the cradel ;

The cook i-skalded, for al his longe ladel.

Nought beth forgeten the infortune of Mart ;

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 63

The carter over-ryden with his cart,

Under the whel ful lowe he lay adoun.

Ther wer also of Martz divisioun,

The harbour, and the bowcher, and the smyth

That forgeth scharpe swerdes on his stith.

And al above depeynted in a tour

Saw I conquest sittyng in gret honour, 1170

With the scharpe swerd over his heed

Hangynge by a sotil twyne threed.

Depeynted was ther the slaught of Julius,

Of grete Nero, and of Anthonius ;

Al be that ilke tyme they were unborn,

Yet was here deth depeynted ther by for n,

By manasyng of Martz, right by figure,

So was it schewed right in the purtreture

As is depeynted in the sterres above,

Who schal be slayn or elles deed for love. uso

Sufficeth oon ensample in stories olde,

2" may not rekene hem alle, though I ivolde.

The statue of Mars upon a carte stood, Armed, and lokede grym as he were wood ; And over his heed ther schyneth two figures Of sterres, that been clepeu in scriptures, That oon Puella, that othur Rubius. This god of armes was arayed thus. A wolf ther stood byforn him at his feet With eyen reed, and of a man he eet; 1190

With sotyl pencel depeynted was this storic, In redoutyng of Mars and of his glorie.

Now to the temple of Dyanc the chaste As schortly as I can I wol me haste, To telle you al the descripcioun. Depeynted ben the walles up and doun,

G4 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Of huntyng and of schamefast chastite.

Ther saugh I how woful Calystope,

Whan that Dyane was agreved with here,

Was turned from a womraan to a bere, 120c

And after was sche maad the loode-sterre ;

Thus was it peynted, I can say no ferrc ;

Hire son is eek a stcrre, as men may see. •

Ther sawgh I Dyane turned intil a tree,

I menc nought the goddes Dyane,

But Peneus doughter, the whiche hight Dane.

Ther saugh I Atheon an hert i-maked,

For vengance that he saugh Dyane al naked ;

I saugh how that his houndes han him caught

And freten him, for that they knew him naught.

Yit i-peynted was a litel forthermore. 1211

How Atthalaunce huntyde the wilde bore,

And Melyagre, and many another mo,

For which Dyane wrought hem care and woo .

Ther saugh I eek many another story,

The which me liste not drawe in to memory.

This goddess on an hert ful hy she seet,

With smale houndes al aboute hire feet,

And undernethe hir feet sche had the moone,

Wexyng it was, and schulde wane soone. 1220

In gaude greene hire statue clothed was,

With bowe in hande, and arwes in a cas.

Hir eyghen caste sche ful lowe acloun,

Ther Pluto hath his derke regioun.

A womman travailyng was hire biforn,

But for hire child so longe was unborn

Ful pitously Lucyna gan she calle,

And seyde, ' Help, for thou mayst best of alle.'

Wei couthe he peynte lyfly that it wrought,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 65

With many a floren he the hewes bought. isso

Now been thise listes maad, and Theseuj That at his grete cost arayede thus The temples and the theatres every del, Whan it was don, it liked him right wcl. But stynt I wil of Theseus a lite, And spekc of Palomon and of Arcite.

The day approcheth of her attournynge, That every sehuld an hundred knightes bryngv, The batail to dcrreyne, as I you tolde ; And til Athenes, her covenant to holde, 1240

Hath every of hem brought an -hundred knightes Wei armed for the werre at alle rightes. And sikcrly ther trowede many a man That never, siththen that this world bigan, For to speke of knighthod of her hond, As fer as God hath maked see or lond, Nas, of so fewe, so good a company. For every wight that loveth chyvalry, And wold, his thankes, have a passant name, Hath preyed that he mighte be of that game; 1250 knd wel was him, that therto chosen was. For if ther felle to morwe such a caas, I knowe wel, that every lusty knight That loveth paramours, and hath his might, Were it in Engelond, or elleswhere, They wold, here thankes, wine to be there. To flghte for a lady ; be?iedicite ! It were a lusty sighte for to see. And right so ferden they with Palomon. With him ther wente knyghtes many oon ; ilt.o Some wol ben armed in an haburgoun, In a bright brest-plat and a gypoun ; vol. ir. F

66 THE CANTERBU11Y TALES.

And som wold have a peyre plates large ; And som Avoid have a Pruce scheld, or a targe ; Som wol been armed on here legges weel, And have an ax, and eek a mace of steel. Ther nys no newe gyse, that it nas old. Armed were they, as I have you told, Everich after his owen opinioun.

Ther maistow se comyng with Palomoun 1270 Ligurge himself, the grete kyng of Trace ; Blak was his berd, and manly was his face. The cercles of his eyen in his heed They gloweden bytwixe yolw and reed, And lik a griffoun loked he aboute, With kempe heres on his browes stowte ; His lymes greet, his brawnes hard and stronge, His schuldres brood, his armes rounde and longe. And as the gyse was in his contre, Ful heye upon a chare of gold stood he, 1230

With foure white boles in a trays. In stede of cote armour in his harnays, With nales yolwe, and bright as eny gold, He had a bere skyn, cole-blak for old. His lange heer y-kempt byhynd his bak, As eny raven fether it schon for blak. A wrethe of gold arm-gret, and huge of wighte, Upon his heed, set ful of stoones brighte, Of fyne rubeus and of fyn dyamauntz. Aboute his chare wente white alauntz, 1290

Twenty and mo, as grete as eny stere, To hunt at the lyoun or at the bere, And folwed him, with mosel fast i-bounde, Colerd with golde, and torettz fyled rounde. An hundred lordes had he in his route

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 67

Armed ful wel, with hertes stern and stoute.

With Arcita, in stories as men fynde, The gret Emetreus, the kyng of Ynde, Uppon a steede bay, trapped in steel, Covered with cloth of gold dyapred wel, 1300

Cam rydyng lyk the god of armcs Mars. His coote armour was of a cloth of Tars, Cowched of perlys whyte, round and grete. His sadil was of brend gold newe i-bete ; A mantelet upon his schiddre hangjmg Bret-ful of rubies reed, as fir sparclyng. His crispe her lik rynges was i-ronne, And that was yalwe, and gliteryng as the sonne. His nose was heigh, his eyen bright cytryne, His lippes rounde, his colour was sangwyn, 1310 A fewe freknes in his face y-spreynd, Betwixe yolwe and somdel blak y-meynd, And as a lyoun he his lokyng caste. Of fyve and twenty yeer his age I caste. His berd was wel bygonne for to sprynge ; His voys was as a trumpe thunderynge. Upon his heed he wcred of laurer grene A garlond freisch and lusty for to sene. Upon his hond he bar for his delyt An egle tame, as eny lylie whyt. 1320

An hundred lordes had he with him ther, Al armed sauf here hedes in here ger, Fid richely in alle maner thinges. For trusteth wel, that dukes, erles, kynges, Were gadred in this noble companye, For love, and for encres of chivalrye. Aboute the kyng ther ran on every part Ful many a tame lyoun and lepart.

68 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And in this wise this lordes alle and some

Been on the Sonday to the cite come 1.330

Aboute prime, and in the toun alight.

This Theseus, this duk, this worthy knight,

Whan he hadcZe brought hem into this cite,

And ynned hem, everich at his degre

He fcsteth hem, and doth so gret labour

To esen hem, and do hem al honour,

That yit men wene that no mannes wyt

Of non estat that cowde amenden it.

The mynstralcye, the servyce at the feste,

The grete yiftes to the most and leste, 1340

The riche aray of Theseus paleys,

Ne who sat first ne last upon the deys,

What ladies fayrest ben or best daunsynge,

Or which of hem can daunce best or synge,

Ne who most felyngly speketh of love ;

What haukes sitten on the perche above,

What houndes lyen in the floor adoun :

Of al this make I now no mencioun ;

But of theffect; that thinketh me the beste ; 1310

Now comth the poynt, and herkneth if you leste.

The Sonday night, or day bigan to springe, When Palomon the larke herde synge, Although it were nought day by houres tuo. Yit sang the larke, and Palomon also With holy herte, and with an heih corage He roos, to wenden on his pilgrymage Unto the blisful Cithera benigne, I mene Venus, .honorable and digue. And in hire hour ho walketh forth a paas Unto the lystes, ther hir temple was, ineo

And doun he kneleth, and, with humble cheer

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 69

And herte sore, he seidc as ye sehal heer.

' Fairest of /aire, o lady myn Venus, Doughter of Jove, and spouse to Vulcanus, Thou glader of the mount of Citheroun, For fhilke love thou haddest to Adeoun Have pite on my bitter teeres smerte, And tak myn humble prayer to thin herte. Alias ! I ne have no langage for to telle Theffectes ne the tormentz of myn helle ; ir.70

Myn herte may myn harmcs nat bewreye ; I am so confuse, that I may not soye. But mercy, lady bright, that knowest wel My thought, and felest what harm that I fcl, Consider al this, and row upon my sore, As wisly as I schal for evermore Enforce my might thi trewe servant to be, And holde werre alday with chastite ; That make I myn avow, so ye me helpc. I kope nat of amies for to yelpe, 1380

Ne nat I aske to morn to have victoric, Ne renoun in this caas, ne veyne glorie Of pris of armes, blowyng up and doun, But I wolde have ful possessioun Of Emelyc, and dye in thi servise ; Fynd thou the manor how, and in what wyse. I recche nat, but it may better be, To have victoric of him, or he of me, So that I have my lady in myn armes. For though so be that Mars be god of armes, imo And ye be Venus, the goddes of love, Yourc vertu is so gret in heven above, Thy temple wol I worschipe evermo, And on thin auter, wher I ryde or go,

70 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

I wol do sacrifice, and fyres beete.

And if ye wol nat so, my lady sweete,

Than pray I the, to morwe with a spere

That Arcita me thurgh the herte here.

Thanne rekke I nat, whan I have lost my lyf,

Though that Arcite have hir to his wyf. uoo

This is theffect and ende of my prayeerc ;

Yif me my love, thou blisful lady deere.'

Whan thorisoun was doon of Palomon,

His sacrifice he dede, and that anoon

Ful pitously, with alle circumstances,

Al telle I nat as now his observances.

But at the last the statu of Venus schook,

And made a signe, wherby that he took

That his prayer accepted was that day.

For though the signe schewed a delay, uio

Yet wist he wel that graunted was his boone ;

And with glad herte he went him horn ful soone.

The thrid hour inequal that Palomon Bigan to Venus temple for to goon, Up roos the sonne, and up roos Emelye, And to the temple of Dian gan sche hye. Hir maydens, that sche with hir thider ladde, Ful redily with hem the fyr they hadde, Thencens, the clothes, and the ranenant al That to the sacrifice longen schal ; 1120

The homes ful of meth, as is the gyse ; Ther lakketh nought to do here sacrifise. Smokyng the temple, ful of clothes fairc, This Emelye with herte debonaire Hir body wessch with watir of a welle ; But how sche dide I ne dar nat telle, But it be eny thing in general ;

THE KNIGHTES TALE. <1

And yet it were a game to here it al ;

To him that meneth wel it were no charge :

But it is good a man be at his large. 1130

Hir brighte her was kempt, untressed al ;

A corone of a grene ok eerial

Upon hir heed was set ful fair and meete.

Tuo fyrcs on the autcr gan sche beete,

And did hir thinges, as men may biholde

In Stace of Thebes and the bokes olde.

Whan kynled was the fyre, with pitous cheere

Unto Dyan sche spak, as ye may heere.

' 0 chaste goddes of the woodes greene, To whom bothe heven and erthe and see is seene Queen of the regne of Pluto derk and lowe, n-ii Goddes of maydenes, that myn hert has knowc Ful many a yeer, ye woot what I desire, As keep mo fro the vengans of thilk yre, That Atheon aboughte trewely : Chaste goddesse, wel wost thou that I Desire to ben a mayden al my lyf, Ne never wol I be no love ne wyf. I am yit, thou wost, of thi company, A mayden, and love huntyng and venery, 1450

And for to walken in the woodes wylde, And nought to ben a wyf, and be with chylde. Nought wol I knowe the company of man. Now helpe me, lady, sythnes ye may and kan, For the thre formes that thou hast in the. And Palomon, that hath such love to me, And eek Arcite, that loveth me so sore, This grace I praye the withouten more, And sende love and pees betwix hem two ; And fro me torne awey here hertes so, H60

/2 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

That al here hoote love, and here desire, Al here besy torment, and al here fyre Be queynt, or turned in another place. And if so be thou wok do me no grace, Or if my destyne be schapid so, That I schal needes have on of hem two, So send me him that most desireth me. Biholde, goddes of clene chastite, The bitter teeres that on my cheekes falle. Syn thou art mayde, and keper of us alle, 1170 My maydenhode thou kepe and wel conserve, And whil I lyve a mayde I wil the serve.' The fyres bren«e upon the auter cleer, Whil Emelye was thus in hire preyer ; But sodeinly sche saugh a sightc queyntc, For right anon on of the fyres queynte, And quyked agayn, and after that anon That other fyr was queynt, and al agon ; And as it queynt, it made a whistelyng, As doth a wete brond in his brennyng. uso

And at the brondes end out ran anoon As it were bloody dropes many oon ; For which so sore agast was Emelye, That sche wel neih mad was, and gan to eric, For sche ne wiste what it signifyedc; But oonely for feere thus sche cryede, And wepte, that it was pite to hecre. And therewithal Dyane gan appeere, With bow in hond, right as a hunteresse, And scyd ; < A ! doughter, stynt thyn hevyncsse. Among the goddes hye it is affcrmed, \m

And by eternc word write and conferred, Thou schalt be wedded unto oon of tho,

THE KNTGHTES TALE. 73

That have for the so moche care and wo :

But unto which of hem may I nat telle.

Faiwel, for I may her no lenger dwelle.

The fyres which that on myn auter brenr«?

Schuln the declare, or that thou go henne,

Thyn adventure of love, and in this caas.'

And with that word, the arwes in the caas 1500

Of the goddesse clatren faste and rynge,

And forth sehe went, and made a vanysschynge,

For which this Emelyc astoneyd was,

And seide, l What amounteth this, alias !

I put me under thy proteccioun,

Dyane, and in thi disposicioun.'

And hoom sche goth anon the nexte waye.

This is theffect, ther nys no mor to saye.

The nexte houre of Mars folwynge this, Arcite wnto the temple walkyd is, 1510

To fyry Mars to doon his sacrifice, With al the rightes of his payen wise. With pitous herte and heih devocioun, Right thus to Mars he sayd his orisoun : ' 0 stronge god, that in the reynes colde Of Trace honoured and lord art thou y-holde, And hast in every regno and every land Of armes al the bridel in thy hand, And hem fortunest as the luste devysc, Accept of me my pitous saerifise. 1520

If so be that my youth c may deserve, And that my might be worthi for to serve Thy godhed, that I may be on of thine, Then pray I the to rcwe on my pync, For thilke pcyne, and that hoote fuyrc, In which whilom thou brendest for desyre,

74 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Whan that thou usedest the gret bewte

Of faire freissche Venus, that is so free,

And haddest hir in armes at thy wille ;

And though the ones on a tyme mysfille, 1530

When Vulcanus hadde caught the in his laas,

And fand the liggyng by his wyf, allaas !

For thilke sorwe that was in thin herte,

Have reuthe as wel upon my peynes smerte.

I am yong and unkonnyng, as thou wost,

And, as I trowe, with love ofFendid most,

That ever was eny lyves creature ;

For sche, that doth me al this wo endure,

Ne rekketh never whether I synke or flete.

And wel I woot, or sche me mercy heete, l'.io

I moot with strengthe wyn hir in the place ;

And wel I wot, withouten help or grace

Of the, ne may my strengthe nought avayle.

Then help me, lord, to morn in my batayle,

For thilke fyr that whilom brende the,

As wel as this fire now brenneth me ;

And do to morn that I have the victorie.

Myn be the travail, al thin be the glorie.

Thy soverein tempid wol I most honouren

Of any place, and alway most labouren 1550

In thy plesaunce and in thy craftes stronge.

And in thy tempul I wol my baner honge,

And alle the armes of my companye,

And ever more, unto that day I dye,

Eterne fyr I wol bifore the fynde.

And eek to this avow I wol me bynde :

My berd, myn hecr that hangcth longe adoun,

That never yit no felt offensioun

Of rasour ne of schere, I wol thee yive,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 75

And be thy trewe servaunt whiles I lyve. lseo

Lord, have rowthe nppon my sorwes sore, Yif me the victorie, I aske no more.'

The preyer stynt of Arcita the strange, The rynges on the tempul dore that hange, And eek the dores, clatereden ful fast, Of which Arcita somwhat was agast. The fires brenden on the auter brighte, That it gan al the tempul for to lighte ; A swote smel anon the ground upyaf, And Arcita anon his hand up haf, 1570

And more encens into the fyr yet caste, With othir rightes, and than atte laste The statu of Mars bigan his hauberk rynge, And with that soun he herd a murmurynge Ful lowe and dym, and sayde thtis, ' Victorie.' For which he yaf to Mars honour and glorie. And thus with joye, and hope wel to fare, Arcite anoon unto his inne is fare, As fayn as foul is of the brighte sonne. And right anon such stryf is bygonne isso

For that grauntyng, in the heven above, Bitwixe Venus the goddes of love, And Marcz the sterne god armypotente, That Jupiter was busy it to stente ; Til that the pale Saturnes the colde, That knew so many of aventures olde, Fond in his olde experiens an art, That he ful sone hath plesyd every part. As soth is sayd, eeldc hath gret avantage, In eelde is bothe wisdom and usage ; 1590

Men may the eelde at-renne, but nat at-rede. Saturn e anon, to stynte stryf and drcde,

76 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Al be it that it be agayns his kynde, Of al this stryf he can remedy f'ynde. ' My deere do lighter Venus/ quod Sato urn e, ' My cours, that hath so wyde for to tourne, Hath more power than woot eny man. Myn is the drenehyng in the see so wan ; Myn is the prisoun in the derke cote ; Myn is the stranglyng and hangyng by the throte; The murmur, and the cherles rebellyng ; ieoi

The groynyng, and the pryve enpoysonyng, I do vengance and pleyn correctioun, Whiles I dwelle in the signe of the lyoun. Myn is the men of the hihe halles, The fallyng of the toures and the walles Upon the mynour or the carpenter. I slowh Sampsoun in schakyng the pilcr. And myne ben the maladies colde, The derke tresoun, and the castes olde ; icic

Myn lokyng is the fadir of pestilens. Now wepe nomore, I schal do my diligence, That Palomon, that is myn owen knight, Schal have his lady, as thou him bihight. Thow Marcz schal kepc his knight, jret nevertheks Bitwixe you ther moot som tyme be pees ; Al be ye nought of oo complexioun, That ilke day causeth such divisioun. I am thi ayel, redy at thy wille ; Wepe thou nomore, I wol thi lust fulfille.' 1620 Now wol I stynt of the goddes above, Of Mars, and of Venus goddes of love, And telle you, as plcinly as I can, The grete effecte for lohich that I bigan. Gret was the fest in Athenus that day,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 77

And eek that lusty sesoun of that May

Made every wight to ben in such plesaunce,

That al the Monday jousten they and daunce,

And spende hit in Venus heigh servise.

But by the cause that they schuln arise 1C30

Erly a-monve for to see that fight,

Unto their rest wente they at nyght.

And on the morwe whan the day gan sprynge,

Of hors and hernoys noyse and claterynge

Ther was in the oostes al aboute ;

And to the paleys rood ther many a route

Of lordes, upon stecde and on palfreys.

Ther mayst thou see devysyng of herneys

So uncowth and so riche wrought and wel

Of goldsmithry, of browdyng, and of steel ; 1010

The scheldes bright, testers, and trappures ;

Gold-betcn holmes, hauberks, and cote armures ;

Lordes in paramcntz on her coursers,

Knightes of retcnu, and eek squyers

Rayhyng the speres, and helmes bokelyng,

Girdyng of scheeldes, with layneres lasyng ;

Ther as need is, they were nothing ydcl ;

Ther fomen steedes, on the golden bridel

Gnawyng, and faste armurers also

With fyle and hamer prikyng to and fro ; ic'o

Yemen on foote, and knaves many oon

With schorte staves, as thikke as they may goon ;

Pypes, trompes, nakers, and clariounes,

That in the batail blewe bloody sownes ;

The paleys ful of pepul up and doun,

Ileer thre, ther ten, haldyng her qucstioun,

Dyvynyng of this Thebans knightes two.

Som seyden thus, som seyd it schal be so ;

78 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Som heelclc with him with the blake berd, Som with the ballyd, som with the thikke hered ; Som sayd he lokecle grym and wolde fighte ; 1661 He hath a sparth of twenti pound of wighte. Thus was the halle ful of devynynge, Lang after that the sonne gan to springe. The gret Theseus that of his sleep is awaked With menstraley and noyse that was maked, Held yit the chambre of his paleys riche, Til that the Thebanes knyghtes bothe i-liche Honoured weren, and into paleys fet. Duk Theseus was at a wyndow set, 1670

Arayed right as he were god in trone. The pepul preseth thider-warcZ ful sone Him for to seen, and doon him reverence, And eek herken his hest and his sentence. An herowd on a skaffold made a hoo, Til al the noyse of the pepul was i-doo ; And whan he sawh the pepul of noyse al stille, Thus schewed he the mighty dukes wille. ' The lord hath of his heih discrecioun Considered, that it were destruccioun leso

To gentil blood, to lighten in this wise Of mortal batail now in this emprise ; Wherfor to schapen that they schuld<? not dye, He wol his firste purpos modifye. No man therfore, up peyne of los of lyf, No maner schot, ne pollax, ne schort knyf Into the lystes sende, or thicler brynge ; Ne schorte swerd for to stoke the pointe bytynge No man ne drawe, ne bere by his side. Ne noman schal unto his felawe ryde 1690

But oon cours, with a scharpe ygrounde spere ;

THE KN1GHTES TALE. 79

Feyne if him lust on foote, himself to were.

And he that is at meschief, sehal be take,

And nat slayn, but be brought to the stake,

That schal be ordeyned on eyther syde ;

But thider he schal by force, and ther abyde.

And if so falle, a cheventen be take

On eyther side, or elles sle his make,

No lenger schal the turneynge laste.

God spede you ; gofti forth and ley on faste. 1700

With long swerd and with mace fight your fille.

Goth now your way ; this is the lordes wille.'

The voice of the poepul touchith heven, So lowde criede thei with mery steven : ' God save such a lord that is so good, He wilneth no destruceioun of blood ! ' Up goth the trompes and the melodye. And to the lystes ryde the company e By ordynaunce, thurgh the cite large, Hang}mg with cloth of gold, and not with sarge. Ful lik a lord this nobul duk can ryde, mi

These tuo Thebancs on eyther side ; And after rood the queen, and Emelye, And after hem of ladyes another companye, And after hem of comunes after here degre. And thus they passeden thurgh that cite, And to the lystes come thei by tyme. It nas not of the day yet fully pryme, Whan sette was Theseus riche and hye, Ypolita the queen and Emelye, 17:0

And other ladyes in here degrees aboutc. Unto the seetes preseth al the route ; And west- ward, thorugh the yates of Mart, Arcite, and eek the hundred of his part,

80 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

With baners rede ys entred right anoon ; And in that selve moment Palomon Is, under Venus, est-ward in that place, With baner whyt, and hardy cheer and face

In al the world, to seeke up and doun, So even without variacioun 1730

Ther ncre suche companyes tweye. For ther nas noon so wys that cowthe seye, That any had of other avauntage Of worthines, ne staat, ne of visage, So evene were they chosen for to gesse. And in two renges faire they hem dresse. And whan hen? names i-rad were everyehon, That in here nombre gile were ther noon, Tho were the gates schitt, and cried lowde : 1739 < Doth now your devoir, yonge knightes proude ! ' The heraldz laften here prikyng up and doun ; Now ryngede the tromp and clarioun ; Ther is nomore to say, but est and west In goth the speres/»Z sadly in arest; Ther seen men who can juste, and who can ryde ; In goth the scharpe spore into the side. Ther schyveren schaftes upon schuldres thyk&e ; He feeleth thurgh the herte-spon the prikjfce. Up sprengen speres on twenty foot on hight ; Out goon the swerdes as the silver bright. 1750 The helmes thei to-hewen and to-schrede ; Out brast the blood, with stoute stremes reede, Witli mighty maces the bones thay to-brcste. He thurgh the thikkest of the throng gan thresie. Ther stomblen steedes strong, and doun can falle. He rolleth under foot as doth a balle. He feyneth on his foot with a tronchoun,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 81

And him hurteleth with his hors adoun.

He thurgh the body hurt is, and siththen take

Maugre his heed, and brought unto the stake, i7eo

As forward was, right ther he most abyde.

Another lad is on that other syde.

And som tyme doth Theseus hem to reste,

Hem to refreissche, and drinke if hem leste.

Ful ofte a-day have this Thebans twoo

Togider y-met, and wrought his felaw woo ;

Unhorsed hath ech other of hem tweye.

Ther nas no tygyr in the vale of Galgopleye,

Whan that hir whelp is stole, whan it is lite,

So cruel on the hunt, as ig Arcite 1770

For jelous hert upon this Palomon :

Ne in Belmary ther is no fel lyoun,

That hunted is, or is for hunger wood,

Ne of his prey desireth so the blood,

As Palomon to sle his foo Arcite.

This jelous strokes on here helmes byte ;

Out renneth blood on bothe here sides reede.

Som tyme an ende ther is on every dede ;

For er the sonne unto the reste wente,

The strange kyng Emetre\is gan hente 1780

This Palomon, as he faught with Arcite,

And his swerd in his fleissch depe did byte ;

And by the force of twenti he is take

Unyolden, and i-drawe unto the stake.

And in the rescous of this Palomon

The stronge kyng Ligurgius is born adoun ;

And kyng Emetreus for al his strengthe

Is born out of his sadel his swerdes lengthc,

So hit him Palamon er he were take ;

But al for nought, he was brought to the stake.

VOL. II. (.

S2 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

His hardy herte might him helpe nought ; 1791

He most abyde whan that he was caught,

By force, and eek by composicioun.

Who sorweth now but ivoful Palomoun,

That moot nomore gon agayn to fights ?

And whan that Theseus hadde seen that sighte,

He cryed, ' IIoo ! nomore, for it is doon !

Ne noon schal longer unto his felaw goon.

I wol be trewe juge, and nought partye.

Arcytc of Thebes schal have Emelye, isoo

That hath by his fortune hire i-wonne.'

Anoon ther is a noyso ofpeple bj-gonne

For joye of this, so lowde and hcye withalle,

It semede that the listes wolde falle.

What can now fayre Venus doon above ?

What seith sche now? what doth tbis queen of love ?

But wcpcth so, for wantyng of hir wille,

Til that hire teeres in the lystcs fille ;

Sche seyde : ' I am aschamed douteles.'

Satournus seyde : ' Dough ter, hold thy pees. 18 10

Mars hath his wille, his knight hath his boonc,

And by myn heed thou schalt be escd soonc.'

The trompes with the lowde mynstralcy,

The herawdes, that ful lowde yolle and cry,

Been in here joye for daun Arcyte.

But herkneth me, and stynteth but a lite,

Which a miracle ther bifel anoon.

This Arcyte fersly hath don his helm adoiui,

And on his courser for to schewe his face,

He priked endlange in the large place, is20

Lokyng upward upon his Emelye ;

And sche agayn him cast a frendly yghe,

For wommen, as for to speke in comune,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 83

Thay folwe alle the favour of fortune)

And was alle his in cheer, and in his hertc.

Out of the ground a fyr infernal sterte,

From Pluto send, at the request of Saturne,

For which his hors for feere gan to turne,

And leep asyde, and foundred as he lecp ;

And or that Arcyte may take keep, isso

He pight him on the pomel of his heed,

That in that place he lay as he were deed,

His brest to-broken with his sadil bowe.

As blak he lay as eny col or crowe,

So was the blood y-ronne in his face.

Anon he was y-born out of the place

With herte sore, to Theseus paleys.

Tho was he corven out of his harneys,

And in a bed y-brought ful fair and blyve,

For yit he was in memory and on lyve, 1840

And alway cryeng after Emelye.

Duk Theseus, and al his companye,

Is eomen horn to Athenes his cite,

With alle blys and gret solempnite'.

Al be it that this aventure was falle,

He nolde nought discomforten hem alle.

Men seyde eek, that Arcita schulde nought dye,

He schal be helyd of his maladye.

And of another thing they were as fayn,

That of hem alle ther was noon y-slayn, 1850

Al were they sore hurt, and namely oon,

That with a spore was thirled his brest boon.

To other woundes, and to-broken armes,

Some hadde salve, and some hadde charmes,

Fermacyes of herbes, and eck save

The)- drunken, for they wolde here lyves have.

84 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

For which this noble duk, as he wel can,

Comforteth and honoureth every man,

And made revel al the lange night,

Unto the straunge lordes, as it was right. i860

Ne ther was holden to discomfytyng.

But as a justes or as a turneying;

For sothly ther was no discomfiture,

For fallynge is but an adventure.

Ne to be lad with fors unto the stake

Unyolden, and with twenty knightes take,

A person allone, withouten moo,

And haried forth by arme, foot, and too,

And eke his steede dryven forth with staves,

With footemen, bothe yemen and eke knaves, isro

It was aretted him no vylonye,

Ne no manor man held it no cowardyc.

For which Theseus lowd anon leet crie, To stynten al Vancour and al envyc, The gree as wel on o syde as on other, And every side lik, as otheres brother ; And yaf hem yiftes after here degre, And fully heeld a feste dayes thre ; And convey ede the knightes worthily Out of his toun a journee largely, 18SO

And horn went every man the righte way. Ther was no more, but ' Farwel, have good day ! ' Of this batajd I wol no more endite, But speke of Palomon and of Arcyte.

Swelleth the brest of Arcyte, and the sore Encresceth at his herte more and more. The clothred blood, for cny leche-craft, Corrumpith, and is in his bouk i-laft, That nother vcyne blood, ne ventusyng,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 85

Ne drynk of herbes may ben his helpyng. 1890

The vertu expulsi/", or animal,

For thilke vertu clepecl natural,

Ne may the venym voyde, ne expelle.

The pypes of his lounges gan to swelle,

And every laeerte in his brest adoun

Is schent with venym and corrupeioun.

Him gayneth nother, for to get his lyf,

Yomyt up-ward, ne doun-ward laxatif ;

Al is to-broken thilke regioun ;

Nature hath now no dominacioun. 1900

And certe3mly wher nature wil not wirclie,

Farwel phisik ; go bere the man to chirche.

This al and som, that Arcyte moste dye.

For which he sendeth after Enielye,

And Palomon, that was his cosyn deere.

Than seyd he thus, as ye schul after hccre.

' Naught may the woful spirit in myn herte Declare a poynt of my sorwes smerte To you, my lady, that I love most ; But I byquethe the service of my gost 1910

To you aboven every creature, Syn that my lyf may no lenger dure. Alias, the woo ! alias, the peynes stronge, That I for you have suffred, and so longe ! Alias, the deth ! alas, myn Emelye ! Alias, departyng of our companye ! Alias, myn hertes queen ! alias, my wyf ! Myn hertes lady, ender of my lyf ! What is this world ? what asken men to have ? Now with his love, now in his colde grave 1920 Allone withouten eny companye. Farwel, my swete ! farwel, myn Emelye !

86 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And softc take me in your armes tweye,

For love of God, and herkneth what I seye.

I have heer with my cosyn Palomon

Had stryf and rancour many a day i-gon,

For love of yow, and eek for jelousie.

And Jupiter so wis my sowle gye,

To speken of a servaunt proprely,

With alle cireumstaunces trewely, 1930

That is to seyn, truthe, honour, and knighthede,

Wysdom, humblesse, astaat, and hye kynrede,

Fredam, and al that longeth to that art,

So Jupiter have of my soule part,

As in this world right now ne know I non

So worthy to be loved as Palomon,

That serveth you, and wol do al his lyf.

And if that ye schul ever be a Avyf,

Foryet not Palomon, that gentil man.'

And with that word his speche faile gan ; 1940

For fro his herte up to his brest was come

The cold of deth, that him hadrfe overcome.

And yet moreover in his armes twoo

The vital strength is lost, and al agoo.

Only the intellect, withouten more,

That dwelled in his herte sik and sore,

Gan fayle, when the herte felte death,

Duskyng his eyghen two, and faylede breth.

But on his lady yit he cast his ye ;

His laste word was, ( Mercy, Emelye !' 1950

His spiryt chaunged was, and wente ther,

As I cam never, I can nat tellen wher.

Therefore I stynte, I nam no dyvynistre ;

Of soulcs fynde I not in this registre,

Ne me liste nat thopynyouns to telle

THE KNIGH'CES TALE. 87

Of hem, though that thei wyten wher they dwelle. Arcytc is cold, hit Mars his soulc gye ; Now wol I speke forth of Emelye.

Shright Emery, and howlede Palomon, And Theseus his sustir took anon ipso

Swownyng, and bar hir fro the corps away. What helpeth it to tarye forth the day, To telle how sche weep bothe eve and morwe ? For in swich caas wommen can have such sorwe, Whan that here housbonds ben from hem ago, That for the more part they sorwen so, Or elles fallen in such maladyc, That atte laste certeynly they dye. Infynyt been the sorwes and the teeres Of olde folk, and folk of tendre yeeres ; 1970

So gret a wepyng was ther noon certayn, Whan Ector was i-brought, al freissh i-slayn, As that ther was for deth of this Theban ; For sorwe of him ther weepcth bothe child and

man At Troye, alias ! the pite that was there, Cracchyng of cheekes, rending eek of here. ' Why woldist thou be deed,' this wommen crye, < And haddest gold ynowgh, and Emelye ?' No man mighte glade Theseus, Savyng his olde fader Egcus, 19S0

That knew this worldes transmutacioun, As he hackle seen it torne up and doun, Joye after woo, and woo aftir gladnesse : And schewed him cnsample and likenesse.

' Right as ther dcyde never man,' quod he, ' That he ne lyved in crthc in som degree, Yit ther ne lyvedc never man/ he seyde,

88 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

' In al this world, that som tyme he ne deydc.

This world nys but a thurghfare ful of woo,

And we ben pilgryms, passyng to and froo ; 1990

Deth is an ende of every worldly sore.'

And over al this yit seide he moehil more

To this effect, ful wysly to enhorte

The peple, that they sclmlde him reeomforte.

Duk Theseus, with al his busy cure, Cast busyly wher that the sepulture Of good Arcyte may best y-maked be, And eek most honurable in his degre. And atte last he took conclusioun, That ther as first Arcite and Palomon 2000

Hadden for love the batail hem bytwene, That in the selve grove, soote and greene, Ther as he hadde his amorous desires, His compleynt, and for love his hoote fyres, He wolde make* a fyr, in which thoffice Funeral he might hem al accomplice ; And leet comaundc anon to hakke and hewe The okes old, and lay hem on a rewe In culpouns wel arrayed for to brenne. His officers with swifte foot they renne, 2010

And ryde anon at his comaundement. And after this, Theseus hath i-sent After a beer, and it al overspradde With cloth of golde, the richest that he hadde. And of the same sute he clad Arcyte ; Upon his hondes were his gloves white ; Eke on his heed a croune of laurer grene ; And in his hond a swerd ful bright and kene. He leydo him bare the visage on the beere, Therwith he weep that pite was to heere. 2020

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 89

And for the poeple schulde see him alle,

Whan it was day he brought hem to the hallc,

That roreth of the cry and of the soun.

Tho cam this woful Theban Palomonn,

With fiotery berd, and ruggy asshy heeres,

In clothis blak, y- dropped al with teeres,

And, passyng other, of wepyng Emelye,

The rewfullest of al the companye.

In as moche as the service schulde be

The more nobid and richc in his degre, 2030

Duk Theseus leet forth thre steedes brynge,

That trapped were in steel al gliterynge,

And covered with armes of dan Arcyte.

Upon the steedes, that weren grete and white,

Ther seeten folk, of which oon bar his scheeld,

Another his spere up in his hondes heeld ;

Tbe thridde bar with him his bowe Turkeys,

Of brend gold was the caas and eek the herneys ;

And riden forth a paas with sorwful ehere

Toward the grove, as ye schul after heere. 2010

The nobles of the Grekes that ther were

Upon here schuldres carieden the beere,

With slak paas, and eyhen reed and wete,

Thurghout the cite, by the maister streete,

That sprad was al with blak, and wonder bye

Right of the same is al the stret i-wrye.

Upon the right hond went olde Egeus,

And on that other syde duk Theseus,

With vessels in here hand of gold wel fyn,

As ful of hony, mylk, and blood, and wyn ; 2050

Eke Palomon, with a gret companye ;

And after that com woful Emelye,

With fyr in hond, as was that time the gyse,

00 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

To do thoffiee of funeral servise.

Heygh labour, and ful gret apparailyng Was at the service and at the fyr makyng, That with his grene top the heven raughte, And twenty fadmo of brede tharme straughte ; This is to seyn, the boowes were so brodc. Of stree first was ther leyd ful many a loode. 2C60 But how the fyr was makyd up on highte, And eek the names how the trees highte, As ook, fyr, birch, asp, aldir, holm, poplcr, Wilw, elm, plane, assch, box, chesteyn, lynde, laurer, Mapul, thorn, beech, hasil, ew, wyppyltre, How they weren felde, schal nought be told for me ; Ne how the goddes ronnen up and doun, Disheryt of here habitacioun, In which they whilom woncd in rest and pecs, Nymphes, Faunes, and Amadryes ; 2070

Ne how the beestes and the briddes alio Fledden for feere, whan the woode was fallc ; Ne how the ground agast was of the light, That was nought wont to see no sonne bright ; Ne how the fyr was couchid first with stree, And thanne with drye stykkes cloven in three, And thanne with grene woode and spicerie, And thanne with cloth of gold and with perrye, And gerlandes hangyng with ful many a flour, The myrre, thensens with also swet odour ; soso Ne how Arcyte lay among al this, Ne what richesse aboute his body is ; Ne how that Emely, as was the gyse, Putt in the fyr of funeral servise ; Ne how she swownede when schc made the fyre, Ne what sche spak, ne what was hire desire ;

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 91

Ne what jewels men in the fyr tho caste,

Whan that the fyr was gret and brente faste ;

Ne how sum caste hir scheeld, and summe her sperc,

And of here vestimentz, which that they were,

And cuppes ful of wyn, and mylk, and blood, 2091

Unto the fyr, that brent as it were wood;

Ne how the Grehes with an huge route

Thre tymes ryden al the fyr abouto

Upon the lefte hond, with an heih schoutyng,

And thries with here speres clateryng ;

And thries how the ladyes gan to cryc ;

Ne how that lad was home-ward Emelye ;

Ne how Arcyte is brent to aschen colde ;

Ne hoive that liche-wake ivas y-holde 2100

Al thilke night, ne how the Grekes pleye

Tho wake-pleyes, kepe I nat to seye ;

Who wrastleth best naked, with oyle enoynt,

Ne who that bar him best in no disjoynt.

I wol not telle eek how that they ben goon

Horn til Athcnes whan the pley is doon.

But sehortly to the poynt now wol I wende,

And maken of my longe tale an ende.

By proces and by lengthe of certeyn ycres Al styntyd is the mornyng and the tecres 21 lo

Of alle Grekys, by oon general assent. Than semede me ther was a parlement At Athencs, on a certeyn poynt and cas ; Among the whiche poyntes spoken was To han with certeyn contrees alliauncc, And have fully of Thebans obeissance. For which this noble Theseus anon Let senden after gentil Palomon, Unwist of him what was the cause and why ;

92 TIIE CANTERBURY TALES.

But in his blake clothes sorwfully 2120

lie cam at his eomaundement in hye.

Tho sente Theseus for Emelye.

Whan they were sette, and hussht was al the place,

And Theseus abyden hackle a space

Or eny word cam fro his wyse brest,

His eyen set he ther as was his lest,

And with a sad visage he sykede st-ille,

And after that right thus he seide his willc.

' The firste moevere of the cause above, Whan he first made the fayre cheyne of love, gj.30 Gret was theffect, and heigh was his entente ; Wei wist he why, and what therof he mente ; For with that faire cheyne of love lie bond The fyr, the watir, the eyr, and eck the lond In certeyn boundes, that they may not flee ; That same prynce and moevere eek,' quod he, ' Hath stabled, in this wrecched world adoun, Certeyn dayes and duracioun To alle that er engendrid in this place, Over the ivhiche day they may nat pace, 2U0

Al mowe they yit wel here dayes abregge; Ther needeth non auctorite tallegge ; For it is preved by experience, But that me luste declare my sentence. Than may men wel by this ordre discern c, That thilke moevere stabul is and eterne. Wel ma_y men knowe, but it be a fool, That every partye dyryveth from his hool. For nature hath nat take his bygynnyng Of no partye ne cantel of a thing, 2] 50

But of a thing that parfyt is and stable, Descendyng so, til it be corumpable.

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 93

And therfore of his wyse purvcaunce He hath so wel hiset his ordenaunce, That spices of thinges and progressiouns Schullen endure by successiouns, And nat eterne be withoute any lye : This maistow understand and se at ye.

' Lo the ook, that hath so long norisschynge Fro tyme that it gynneth first to springe, 21 eo

And hath so long a lyf, as we may see, Yet atte laste wasted is the tree.

' Considereth eek, how that the hardc stoon Under oure foot, on which we trede and goon, Yit wasteth it, as it lith by the weye. The brode ryver som tyme wexeth dreye. The grete townes see we wane and wende. Then may I see that al thing hath an cnde.

' Of man and womman se we wel also, That wendeth in oon of this termes two, 2170

That is to seyn, in youthe or elles in age,

He moot ben deed, the kyng as schal a page ;

Sum in his bed, som in the deepe see,

Som in the large feold, as men may se.

Ther helpeth naught, al goth thilke weye.

Thanne may I seie wel that al thing schal deyc.

What maketh this but Jubitcr the kyng ?

The which is prynce and cause of alle thing,

Convcrtyng al unto his.propro wille,

From which he is dcreyned, soth to telle. 218O

And here agayn no creature of lyve

Of no degre avayleth for to stryve. ' Than is it wisdom, as thenketh me,

To maken vertu of nccessite,

And take it wel, that we may nat cschewc,

94 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And namely that that to us alle is dewe.

And who-so gruccheth aught, he doth folye,

And rebel is to him that al may gye.

And certcynly a man hath most honour

To dcyen in his excellence and flour, 2190

Whan he is siker of his goode name.

Than hath he doon his freend, ne him, no sehame,

And glader ought his freend ben of his deth,

Whan with honour is yolden up the breth,

Thanne whan his name appalled is for age ;

For al forgeten is his vasselage.

Thanne is'it best, as for a worthi fame,

To dye whan a man is best of name.

The contrary of al this is wilfulnesse.

Why grucchen we ? why have we hevynesse, 2200

That good Arcyte, of chyvalry the flour,

Departed is, with worschip and honour

Out of this foule prisoun of this lyf '?

Why gruccheth heer his eosyn and his wyf

Of his welfare, that loven him so wel ?

Can he hem thank ? nay, God woot, never a del,

That bothe his soulc and eek hemself offende,

And yet they may here lustes nat amende.

' What may I conclude of this longe serye, But aftir wo I rede us to be merye, 2210

And thankc Jubiter of al his grace ? And or that we departe fro this place, I rede that we make, of sorwes two, 0 parfyt joye lastyng ever mo : And loketh now wher most sorwe is her-inne, Ther wol we first amenden and bygynne.

' Sustyr,' quod he, ' this is my ful assent, With al thavys heer of my parlement,

THE KNIGHTES TALE. 95

That gentil Palomon, your owne knight,

That serveth yow with herte, wil, and might, 2220

And ever hath doon, syn fyrst tyme ye him knewc,

That ye schid of your grace upon him rewe,

And take him for your housbond and for lord :

Lene me yourc hand, for this is oure acord.

Let see now of your wommanly pite.

He is a kynges brothir sone, pardee ;

And though he were a pore bachiller,

Syn he hath served you so many a yecr,

And had for you so gret adversite,

Hit moste be considered, trustcth me. 2230

For gentil mercy aughte to passe right.'

Than seyde he thus to Palomon ful right ;

' I trowe ther needeth litel sermonyng

To make you assente to this thing.

Com neer, and tak your lady by the hond.'

Betwix hem was i-maad anon the bond,

That highte matrimoyn or mariage,

By alio the counseil of the baronage.

And thus Avith blys and cck with melodye

Hath Palomon i-wedded Emclyc. 2210

And God, that al this wyde world hath wrought,

Send him his love, that hath it deere i-bought.

For now is Palomon in al his wele,

Lyvynge in blisse, richesse, and in hele,

And Emely him lovcth so tendirlv.

And he hir serveth al so gentilly,

That never was ther wordes hem bitweene

Of gelousy, ne of non othir teenc.

Thus endeth Palomon and Emelye ;

And God save al this fay re companye ! Amen !

96 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

THE PROLOGE OF THE MYLLER.

•HAN that the Knight hadde thus his tale i-told, In al the route nas ther yong ne old, That he ne seyde it was a noble story, And worthi to be drawen in memory ; And namely the gen tils cverichoon. Oure Host tho lowh and swoor, ' So moot I goon, This goth right wel ; unbokeled is the male ; Let se now who schal telle another tale ; For trewely this game is wel bygonne. Now telleth now, sir Monk, if that ye konne 10 Somwhat, to quyte with the knightes tale.' The Myller that for drunken was al pale, So that unnethe upon his hors he sat, He wold avale nowther hood ne hat, Ne abyde no man for his curtesye, But in Pilates voys he gan to cryc, And swor by amies and by blood and bones, ' I can a noble tale for the noones, With which I wol now quyte the knightes tale.' Oure Hoost saugh wel how dronke he was of ale, And seyde, ' Robyn, abyde, my leve brother, 21 Som bettre man schal telle us first another ; Abyd, and let us worken thriftyly.' < By Goddes soule !' quod he, ' that wol nat I, For I wol speke, or elles go my way.'

THE PROLOGS OF THE MYLLER. 07

Oure Host answerde, ' Tel on, a devel way ! Thou art a fool ; thy witt is overcome.'

'Now herkneth,' quod this Myller, 'al and some; But first I make a protestacioun, That I am dronke, I knowe wel by my soun ; so And therfore if that I mys-speke or seye, Wyte it the ale of Southwerk, I you preye ; For I wol telle a legende and a lyf Bothe of a carpenter and of his wyf, How that the clerk hath set the wrightes cappe.'

The Reve answered and seyde, ' Stynt thi clappe. Let be thy lewede drunken harlottrye. It is a synne, and eek a greet folye To apeyren eny man, or him defame, And eek to brynge wyves in ylle name. 40

Thou mayst ynowgh of other thinges seyn.' This dronken Miller spak ful sone ageyn, And seyde, ' Leeve brother Osewold, Who hath no wyf, he is no cokewold. But I seye not therfore that thou art oon, Ther been ful goode wyves many oon. And ever a thousand goode agayns oon badde ; That knowest thou wel thyself, but if thou madde. Why art thou angry with my tale now ? I have a wyf, parde ! as wel as thow, so

Yet nolde I, for the oxen in my plough, Take upon me more than ynough ; Though that thou cleme thiself that thou be oon, I wol bileeve wel that I am noon. An housbond schal not be inquisityf Of Goddes pryvete, ne of his wyf. So that he fynde Goddes foysoun there, Of the remenaunt needeth nought enquere.'

VOL. ir. H

98 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

What sehuld I seye, but that this proucte Myllere

He nolde his wordes for no man forbere, go

But tolde his cherlisch tale in his manere.

Me athinketh, that I sehal reherce it heere ;

And therfor every gentil wight I preye,

For Goddos love, as deme nat that I seye,

Of yvel entent, but for I moot reherse

Here wordes alle, al be they better or werse,

Or elles falsen som of my mateere.

And therfor who-so list it nat to heere,

Turne over the leef, and cheese another tale ;

For he schal fynde ynowe bothe grot and smale, 70

Of storial thing that toucheth gentilesse,

And eek moralite, and holynesse.

Blameth nat me, if that ye cheese amys.

The Miller is a chei'l, ye knowe wel this ;

So was the Reeve, and othir many mo,

And harlotry they toldcn bothe two.

Avyseth you, and put me out of blame ;

And men schulde nat make ernest of game.

THE MILLERES TALE.

;H1L0M ther was dwellyng at Oxenford A riche gnof, thatgestes heeld to boorde, And of his craft he was a carpenter. With him ther was dwellyng a pore scoler, Hadc/c lerned art, but al his fantasye Was torned for to lerne astrologye,

THE MILLERES TALE. 99

An d cowdc a certeyn of concliisiouns To deme by interrogaciouns, If that men axed him in certeyn houres, "Whan that men schulcl han drought or ellys schourcs, 10

Or if men axed him what sehidde bifalle Of everything, I may nought reken hem alle. This clerk was cleped heende Nicholas ; Of derne love he cowdc and of solas ; And therwith he was sleigh and fid prive, And lik to a mayden meko for to se. A chambir had he in that hostillerye Alone, withouten eny compaignye, Ful fetisly i-dight with herbes sootc, And he himself as swete as is the roote 20

Of lokorys, or eny cetewale. His almagest, and bookes gret and smalo, His astrylabe, longyng to his art, His augrym stoones, leyen faire apart On schelves couched at his beddcs heed, His presse i-covered with a faldyng reed. And al above ther lay a gay sawtrye, On which he made a-nightes melodye, So swetely, that al the chambur rang ; And Angelus ad virginem he sang. so

And after that he sang the kynges note ; Ful often blissed was his mery throte, And thus this sweete clerk his tyme spente, After his frendes fyndyng and his rente.

This carpenter hadde weddid newe a wyf, Which that he lovede more than his lyf ; Of eyghtcteene yecr sche was of age, Gclous he was, and hccld hir narwc in cage,

100 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

For sche was wildo and yong, and he was old, And denied himself belik a cokewold, i:

He knew nat Catoun, for his wit was rude, That bad man sehulde wedde his similitude. Men sehulde wedde aftir here astaat, For eelde and youthe ben often at debaat. But syn that he was brought into the snare, He moste endure, as othere doon, his care. Fair was the yonge wyf, and therwithal As eny wesil hir body gent and smal. A seynt sche werede, barred al of silk ; A barm-cloth eek as whit as morne mylk so

Upon hir lendes, ful of many a gore. Whit was hir smok, and browdid al byforo And eek byhynde on hir coler aboute, Of cole-blak silk, withinne and eek withoute. The tapes of hir white voluper Wcrcn of the same sute of hire coler ; Hir filet brood of silk y-set ful heye. And eerteynly sche hadd a licorous eyghe ; Fid smal y-pulled weren hir browes two, And tho were bent, as blak as any slo. no

Sche was wel more blisful on to see Than is the newe perjonette tree ; And softer than the wol is of a wethir. And by hir gurdil hyng a purs of lethir, Tassid with silk, and perled with latoun. In al this world to seken up and doun There nys no man so wys, that couthe thenche So gay a popillot, or such a wenche. For brighter was the schynyng of hir hewe, Than in the TOur the noble i-forged newe. 70

But of hir song, it was as lowde and yerne

THE MILLERES TALE. 101

As eny swalwe chiteryng on a berne.

Therto sche cowde skippe, and make a game,

As eny kyde or calf folwyng his dame.

Hir mouth was sweete as bragat is or meth,

Or hoord of apples, layd in hay or heth.

Wynsyng sche was, as is a joly colt ;

Long as a mast, and upright as a bolt.

A broch sche bar upon hir loue coleer,

As brod as is the bos of a bocleer. so

Hir schos were laced on hir legges heyghc;

Sche was a primerole and a piggesneyghc,

For eny lord have liggyng in his bedde,

Or yet for eny good yeman to wedde.

Now sir, and eft sir, so bifel the cas, That on a day this heende Nicholas Fil with this yonge wyf to rage and pleyc Whil that hir housbond was at Oseneye, As clerkes ben ful sotil and ful queyntc. And pryvely he caught hir by the queyntc, oo

And seyde, ' I-wis, but if I have my wille, For derne love of the, lemman, I spille.' And heeld hir harde by the haunche boones, And seyde, ' Lemman, love me wel at ones, Or I wol dye, as Avisly God me save.'

And sche sprang out as doth a colt in travc : And with hir heed sche wriede fast awey, And seyde, ' I wol nat kisse the, by my fey ! Why let be,' quod sche, ' lat be thou, Nicholas Or I wol crye out harrow and alias ! 100

Do wey youre handes for youre curtesyc ! ' This Nicholas gan mercy for to crye, And spak so fairc, and profred him so fasto, That sche hir love him grauntcd attc laste,

102 THE CANTERBUHT TALES.

And swor hir oth by scynt Thomas of Kent,

That sche wolc/e be at his commaundement,

Whan that sche may hir leysir wel aspye.

'Myn housbond is so ful of jelousie,

That but ye wayten wel, and be pryve,

I woot right Wel I am but deed/ quod sche : no

' Ye mosten be ful clerne as in this eaas.'

' Thcrof ne care the nought/ quod Nicholas :

' A clerk hath litherly byset his while,

But if he cowde a carpenter bygyle.'

And thus they ben acorded and i-sworn

To wayte a tyme, as I have told biforn.

Whan Nicholas hadde doon thus every del, And thakked hire aboute the lendys wel, He kist hir sweet, and taketh his sawtrye, And pleyeth fast, and maketh melodye. 120

Than fyl it thus, that to the parisch chirche Cristes owen workes for to wirche, This goode wyf went on an haly day ; Hir forheed schon as bright as eny day, So was it waisschen, whan sche leet hir werk.

Now ther was of that chirche a parisch clerk, The which that was i-cleped Absolon. Crulle was his heer, and as the gold it schon, And strowted as a fan right large and brood ; Ful streyt and evene lay his joly schood. 130

His rode was reed, his eyghen gray as goos, With Powles wyndowes corven in his schoos. In his hoses reed he wente fetusly. I-clad he was ful smal and propurly, Al in a kirtel of a fyn wachet, Schapen with goores in the newo get. And thcrupon he had a gay surplys,

THE M1LLERES TALE. 103

As whyt as is the blosme upon the rys. A mery child he was, so God me save ; Wei couthe he lete blood, and clippe and schave, And make a chartre of lond and acquitaunce. in In twenty maners he coude skippe and daunce, After the seole of Oxenforde tho, And with his legges casten to and fro ; And pleyen songes on a smal rubible ; Ther-to he sang som tyme a lowde quynyble. And as wel coude he pleye on a giterne. In al the toun nas brewhous ne taverne That he ne visitedc with his solas, Ther as that any gaylard tapster was. L50

Bot soth to say he was somdel squaymous Of fartyng, and of speche daungerous. This Absolon, that joly was and gay, Goth with a senser on the haly day, Sensing the wyvcs of the parisch faste ; And many a lovely look on hem he cask, And namely on this carpenteres wyf ; To loke on hire him thought a mery lyf ; Sche was so propre, sweete, and licorous. I dar wel sayn, if sche hadcZe ben a mous, 160

And he a cat, he wold hir hent anoon. This parisch clerk, this joly Absolon, Hath in his herte such a love longyng, That of no wyf ne took he noon offryng ; For curtesy, he seyde, he wolde noon. The moone at night ful clccr and brighte schouii, And Absolon his giterne hath i-take, For paramours he seyde he wold awake. And forth he goth, jolyf and amerous, Til he cam to the carpenteres hous, no

104 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

A litel after the cok hadde y-crowe,

And dressed him up by a schot wyndowe

That was under the carpenteres walZe.

He syngeth in his voys gentil and smalZe —

' Now, deere lady, if thi wille be,

I praye yow that ye wol rewe on me.'

Ful wel acordyng to his gyternynge.

This carpenter awook, and herde him synge, And spak unto his wyf, and sayde anoon, ' What Alisoun, herestow not Absolon, iso

That chaunteth thus under oure boures ?ral ? ' And sche answered hir housbond therwithal, ' Yis, God woot, Johan, I heere it every del.'

This passeth forth ; what wil ye bet than wel ? Fro day to day this joly Absolon So woweth hire, that him is wo-bigon. He waketh al the night and al the day, To kembe his lokkes brode and made him gay. He woweth hire by mene and by brocage, And swor he wolde ben hir owne page. 190

He syngeth crowyng as a nightyngale ; And sent hire pyment, meth, and spiced ale, And wafres pypyng hoot out of the gleedc ; And for sche was of toune, he profrede meede. For som folk wol be wonne for richesse, And som for strokes, som for gentillesse. Som tyme, to schewe his lightncs and maistrye, He pleyeth Herodz on a scaffold hye. But what avayleth him as in this caas ? Sche loveth so this heende Nicholas, 200

That Absolon may blowe the bukkes horn ; He ne hadde for al his labour but a skorn. And thus sche maketh Absolon hir ape,

THE MILLERES TALE. 105

And al his ernest torneth to a jape.

Ful soth is this proverbe, it is no lye, Men seyn right thus alway, the neye slye Maketh the ferre leefe to be loth. For though that Absolon be wood or wroth, Bycause that he fer was from here sight, This Nicholas hath stonden in his light. 210

Now bere the wel, thou heende Nicholas, For Absolon may wayle and synge alias.

And so bifelle it on a Satyrday This carpenter was gon to Osenay, And heende Nicholas and Alisoun Acordid ben to this conclusioun, That Nicholas schal schapen hem a wyle This sely jelous housbond to begyle ; And if so were this game wente aright, Sche schulde slepe in his arm al night, 220

For this was hire desir and his also. And right anoon, withouten wordes mo, This Nicholas no lenger wold he tarye, But doth ful softe into his chambur carye Both mete and drynke for a day or tweye. And to hir housbond bad hir for to seye, If that he axed after Nicholas, Sche schulde seye, sche wiste nat wher he was ; Of al that day sche saw him nat with eye ; Sche trowed he were falle in som maladye , 230 For no cry that hir mayden cowde him calle He nolde answere, for nought that may bifallc.

Thus passeth forth al that ilke Satyrday, Thai Nicholas stille in his chambre lay, And eet, and drank, and dede what him lestc Til Soncday the sonne was gon to reste.

10G THE CANTERBURY TALES.

This sely carpenter hath gret mervaile Of Nicholas, or what thing may him ayle, And seyde, ' I am adrad, by seynt Thomas ! It stondeth nat aright with Nicholas ; 210

God schilde that he deyde sodeinty. This world is now ful tykel sikerly ; I sangh to-day a corps y-born to chirche, That now on Monday last I saugh him wirche. Go up/ quod he unto his knave, ' anoon ; Clcpe at his dore, and knokke with a stoon ; Loke how it is, and telle me boldely.' This knave goth him up ful sturdily, And at the chambir dore whil that he stood, He cryed and knokked as that he were wood ; 2jo ' ^'hat how ? what do ye, mayster Nicholay ! How may ye slepcn al this longe day ?' But al for nought, he herde nat 0 word. An hole he fond right lowe upon a boord, Ther as the cat was wont in for to creepc, And at that hole he loked in ful deepe, And atte laste he hadde of him a sight. This Nicholas sat ever gapyng upright, As he bridge loked on the newe moone. Adoun he goth, and tolde his mayster soone, 260 In what aray he sawh this ilke man. This carpenter to blessen him bygan, And seyde, ' Nov/ help us, seynte Frideswyde ! A man woot litel what him schal betyde. This man is falle with his astronomye In som woodnesse, or in som agonye. I thought ay wel how that it schulde be. Men schulde nought knowe of Goddes pryvyfce. Ye ! blessed be alwey a lewed man,

THE MILLERES TALE 107

That nat but oonly his bileeve can. 270

80 ferde another clerk with astronomyc ;

He walked in the feeldes for to pryc

Upon the sterres, what ther schulde bifalle,

Til he was in a marie pit i-fallc.

He saugh nat that. But yet, by seint Thomas !

Me reweth sore for heende Nicholas ;

He schal be ratyd of his studyyng,

If that I may, by Jhesu heven kyng !

Gete me a staf, that I may underspore,

Whil that thou, Robyn, hevest up the dore : I'so

He schal out of his studyyng, as I gesse.'

And to the chambir dore he gan him dresse.

His knave was a strong karl for the noones,

And by the hasp he haf it up at oones ;

And in the floor the dore fil doun anoon.

This Nicholas sat stille as eny stoon,

And ever he gapyed up-ward to the eyr.

This carpenter wende he were in despeir,

And hent him by the schuldres mightily,

And schook him harde, and cryede spitously, 290

« What, Nicholas ? what how, man ? loke adoun ;

Awake, and thynk on Cristes passioun.

I crowche the from elves and from wightes.'

Therwith the night-spel seyde he anon rightes,

On the foure halves of the hous aboute,

And on the threisshfold of the dore withoute.

< Lord Jhesu Crist, and seynte Benedight,

Blesse this hous from every wikkede wight,

Fro nyghtes mare wcrye the with Pater-noster ;

Wher wonestow now, seynte Petres soster ?' yoo

And atte lastc, heende Nicholas

Gan for to syke sore, and seydc, ' Alias !

108 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Schal al the world be lost eftsoncs now ? ' This carpenter answercle, ' What seystow ? What? thenk on God, as we doon, men that swynke.' This Nicholas answercle, ' Fette me drynke ; And after wol I speke in pryvyte Of certeyn thing that toucheth the and me ; I wol telle it non other man certayn.' This carpenter goth forth, and comth agayn, 310 And brought of mighty ale a large quart. Whan ech of hem y-dronken had his part, This Nicholas his dore gan to schitte, And dede this carpenter doun by him sitte, And seide, ' Johan, myn host ful leve and dcere, Thou schalt upon thy trouthe swere me heere, That to no wight thou schalt this counsel wreye, For it is Cristes counsel that I seye, And if thou telle it man, thou art forlore; For this vengaunce thou schalt han thcrfore, 3:0 That if thou wreye me, thou schalt be wood.' ' Nay, Crist forbede it for his holy blood !' Quod tho this sely man, ' I am no labbe, Though I it say, I am nought leef to gabbe. Say what thou wolt, I schal it never telle To child ne wyf, by him that harwed helle ! '

' Now, Johan,' quod Nicholas,' ' I wol not lye : I have i-foundc in myn astrologyc, As I have loked in the moone bright, That now on Monday next, at quarter night, 330 Schal falle a reyn, and that so wilde and wood, That half so gret was never Noes flood. This worlde,' he seyde, ' more than an hour Schal ben i-dreynt, so hidous is the schour : Thus schal mankynde drench, and lecsc his lyf.'

THE MILLERES TALE. 109

This carpenter answered, ' Alias, my wyf !

And shal she drenche ? alias, myn Alisoun ! '

For sorwe of this he fel almost adoun,

And seyde, ' Is ther no remedy in this caas?'

' Why yis, for Gode,' quod heencle Nicholas ; 340

< If thou wolt werken aftir lore and reed ;

Thou maist nought worke after thin owen heed.

For thus seith Salomon, that was ful trewe ,

Werke by counseil, and thou schalt nat rewe.

And if thou worken wolt by good counsail,

I undertake, withouten mast and sail,

Yet schal I saven hir, and the, and me.

Hastow nat herd how saved was Noe,

Whan that our Lord hadde warned him biforn,

That al the world with watir schulde be lorn?'

1 Yis,' quod this carpenter, ' ful yore ago,' 351

' Hast ow nought herd,' quod Nicholas, ' also

The sorwe of Noe with his felaschipe,

That he hadde or he gat his wyf to schipe ?

Him hadde wel lever, I dar wel undertake,

At thilke tyme, than alle his wetheres blake,

That sche hadde a schip hirself allone.

And therfore wostow what is best to doone ?

This axeth hast, and of an hasty thing

Men may nought preche or make taryyng 360

Anon go gete us fast into this in

A knedyng trowh or elies a kemelyn,

For ech of us ; but loke that they be large,

In which that we may rowe as in a barge,

And have therin vitaille suffisant

But for o day ; fy on the remenant ;

The water schal aslake and gon away

Aboute prime upon the nexte day.

110 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

But Robyn may not wite of this, thy knave,

Ne ck thy mayde Gillo I may not save ; 370

Aske nought why ; for though thou aske me,

I wol nat tellen Goddes pry veto.

Sufficeth the, but if that thy wittes madde,

To have as gret a grace as Noe hackle.

Thy wyf schal I wel saven out of doute.

Go now thy wey, and speed the heer aboute :

And whan thou hast for hir, and the, and me,

I-goten us this knedyng tubbes thre,

Than sehalt thou hange hem in the roof ful hie,

That no man of oure purveaunce aspye ; aso

And whan thou thus hast doon as I have seyd,

And hast our vitaille faire in hem y-leyd,

And eek an ax to smyte the corde a-two

Whan that the water iometh, that we may goo,

And breke an hole an bye upon the gable

Into the gardyn wrard over the stable,

That we may frely passen forth oure way.

Whan that the grete sehour is gon away ;

Than sehaltow swymme as mery, I undertake,

As doth the white doke aftir hir drake ; 390

Than wol I clepe, How Alisoun, how Jon,1

Beoth merye, for the flood passeth anon.

And thou wolt seye, Heyl, maister Nicholay,

Good morn, I see the wel, for it is day.

And than schul we be lordes al oure lyf

Of al the wrorld, as Noe and his wyf.

But of 00 thing I warne the ful right,

Be wel avysed of that ilke nyght,

That we ben entred into schippes boord,

That non of us ne speke not a word, 400

Ne olepe ne crye, but be in his preyere,

THE MTLLERES TALE. Ill

For it is Goddes owne heste deere. Thy wyf and thou most hangen fer a-twynnc, For that bitwixe you schal be no synne, No more in lokyng than ther schal in dcde. This ordynaunee is seyd ; so God me speede. To inonve at night, whan men ben aslepe, Into our knedyng tubbes wol we crepe, And sitte ther, abydyng Goddes grace. Go now thy way, I have no longer space -no

To make of this no lenger sermonyng ; Men seyn thus, send the wyse, and sey no thing ; Thou art so wys, it needeth nat the teche. Go, save oure lyf, and that I the byseche.' This seely carpenter goth forth his way, Ful ofte he seyd, ' Alias, and weylaway ! ' And to his wyf he told his pryvete, And sche was war, and knew it bet than he, What al this queinte caste was for to seye. But natheles sche ferd as sche schulde deye, 120 And seyde, < Alias ! go forth thy way anoon, Help us to skape, or we be ded echon. I am thy verray trewe wedded wyf; Go, deere spouse, and help to save oure lyf.' Lo, which a gret thing is affeceioun ! A man may dye for ymaginacioun, So dcepe may impressioun be take. This seely carpenter bygynneth quake ; Him thenkcth verrayly that he may so Noes flood come walking as the see 430

To drenchen Alisoun, his hony deere. He weepeth, waylcth, he maketh sory cheere ; He siketh, with ful many a sory swough, And goth, and getcth him a knedyng trough,

112 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And after that a tubbe, and a kymelyn,

And pryvely he sent hem to his in,

And heng hem in the roof in pryvete.

His owne honde than made he laddres thre,

To clymben by the ronges and the stalkes

Unto the tubbes hangyng in the balkes ; 410

And hem vitaylede, bothe trough and tubbe,

With breed and cheese, with good ale in a jubbe,

Suffisyng right ynough as for a day.

But or that he hadde maad al this array,

He sent his knave and eek his wenche also

Upon his neede to Londone for to go.

And on the Monday, whan it drew to nyght,

He schette his dore, withouten candel light,

And dressed al this thing as it schulde be.

And schortly up they clumben alle thre. 450

They seten stille wel a forlong way :

' Now, Pater noster, clum,' quod Nicholay,

And ' clum,' quod Jon, and ' clum,' quod Alisoun.

This carpenter seycl his devocioun,

And stille he sitt, and byddeth his prayere,

Ay waytyng on the reyn, if he it heere.

The deede sleep, for verray busynesse,

Fil on this carpenter, right as I gesse,

x\bowten courfew tyme, or litel more.

For travail of his goost he groneth sore, 460

And eft he routeth, for his heed myslay.

Doun of the laddir stalketh Nicholay,

And Alisoun ful softe adoun hir spedde.

Withouten wordes mo they goon to bedde ;

Ther as the carpenter was wont to lye,

Ther was the revel and the melodye.

And thus lith Alisoun and Nicholas,

THE MILLERES TALE. 113

In busynesse of myrthe and of solas,

Til that the belles of laudes gan to rynge,

And freres in the ehauncel gan to synge. 170

This parissch clerk, this amerous Absolon, That is for love so harde and woo bygon, Upon the Monday was at Osenaye With company, him to desporte and playe ; And axed upon caas a cloysterer Ful pryvely after the carpenter ; And he drough him apart out of the chirche, And sayde, ' Nay, I say him nat here wirchc Syn Satirday : I trow that he be went For tymber, ther our abbot hath him sent. 480 For he is wont for tymber for to goo, And dwellen at the Graunge a day or tuo. Or elles he is at his hous certayn. Wher that he be, I can nat sothly sayn.'

This Absolon ful joly was and light, And thoughts, ' Now is tyme to wake al night, For sikerly I sawh him nought styrynge Aboute his dore, syn clay bigan to sprynge. So mote I thryve, I schal at cokkes crowe Ful pryvely go knokke at his wyndowe, 490

That stant ful lowc upon his bowres wal ; To Alisoun than wol I tellen al My love-longyng ; for yet I schal not mysse That atte leste wey I schal hir kisse. Som maner comfort schal I have, parfay ! My mouth hath icched al this longe day ; That is a signe of kissyng atte leste. Al nyght I mette eek I was at a feste. Therfore I wol go slepe an hour or tweye, And al the night than wol I wake and pleye.' soo

vol. 11. 1

114 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Whan that the firste cok hath erowe, anoon

Up ryst this jolyf lover Absolon,

And him arrayeth gay, at poynt devys.

But first he cheweth greyn and lycoris,

To smellen swete, or he hadde kempt his hecrc.

Under his tunge a trewe love he beere,

For therby wende he to be gracious.

He rometh to the carpenteres hous,

And stille he stant under the schot wyndowe ;

Unto his brest it raught, it was so lowe ; 510

And softe he cowhith with a semysoun :

' What do ye, honycomb, swete Alisoun ?

My fayre bryd, my swete cynamome,

Awake, lemman myn, and speketh to me.

Ful litel thynke ye upon my wo,

That for youre love I swelte ther I go.

No wonder is if that I swelte and swete,

I morne as doth a lamb after the tete.

I -wis, lemman, I have such love-longyng,

That like a turtil trewe is my moornyng. 520

I may not ete no more than a mayde.'

' Go fro the wyndow, jakke fool,' sche sayde ; ' As help me God, it wol not be, compainc. I love another, and elles were I to blame, Wei bet than the, by Jhcsu, Absolon. Go forth thy wey, or I wol cast a stoon ; And let me slope, a twenty devel way ! ' ' Alias ! ' quod Absolon, ' and weylaway ! That trewe love was ever so ylle bysett ; Thanne kisseth me, syn it may be no bett, 530

For Jesus love, and for the love of me.' ' Wilt thou than go thy wey therwith ? ' quod sche. ' Ye, certes, lemman/ quod this Absolon.

THE MILLERES TALE. 115

' Than mak the redy,' quod sche, ' I come anon.' This Absolon doun sette him on his knees, And seide, ' I am a lord at alle degrees ; For after this I hope ther cometh more ; Lemman, thy grace, and, swete bryd, thyn ore.' The wyndow sche undyd, and that in hast ; 'Have doon,' quod sche, 'com of, and speed the fast, 540

Lest that our neygheboures the aspye.' This Absolon gan wipe his mouth ful drye, Derk was the night as picche or as a cole, Out atte wyndow putte sche hir hole : And Absolon him fel no bet ne wers, But with his mouth he kist hir naked ers Fid savorly. Whan he was war of this, Abak he sterte, and thought it was amys, For wel he wist a womman hath no berd. He felt a thing al rough and long i-herd, 550

And seyde, ' Fy, alias ! what have I do ? ' ' Te-hee ! ' quod sche, and clapte the wyndow to ; And Absolon goth forth a sory paas. ' A berd, a berd ! ' quod heende Nicholas ; ' By Goddes corps, this game goth fair and wel.' This seely Absolon herd every del, And on his lippe he gan for angir byte ; And to himself he seyde, ' I schal the quyte.'

Who rubbith now, who froteth now his lippes With dust, with sand, with straw, with cloth, with ehippes, 560

But Absolon ? that seith fid oftc, ' Alias, My soule bytakc I unto Sathanas ! But me were lever than alle this toun,' quod he, ' Of this dispit awroken for to be.

110 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Alias ! ' quod he, ' alias ! I nadde y-h\eyn\V

His hoote love was cold, and al i-queint.

For fro that tyme that he hadde kist her ers,

Of paramours ne sette he nat a kers,

For he was helyd of his maledye ;

Ful ofte paramours he gan deffye, 570

And wept as doth a child that is i-bete.

A softe paas went he over the strete

Unto a smyth, men clepith claim Gerveys,

That in his forge smythede plowh-harneys ;

He scharpeth schar and cultre bysily.

This Absolon knokketh al esily.

And seyde, ' Undo, Gcrveys, and that anoon.'

' What, who art thou ?' 'It am I Absolon.'

' What ? Absolon, what for Cristes swetc tree !

Why rysc ye so rathe? benedicite, 580

What eyleth you? some gay gurl, God it woot,

Hath brought you thus upon the verytrot ;

By seinte Noet ! ye wote wel what I mene.'

This Absolon ne roughte nat a bene

Of al this pley, no word agayn he yaf;

For he hadde more tow on his distaf

Than Gerveys knew, and seyde, ' Freend so

deere, That hote cultre in the chymney heere As lene it me, I have therwith to doone ; I wol it bring agayn to the ful soone.' 590

Gerveys answerde, ' Certes, were it gold, Or in a poke nobles al untold, Ye schul him have, as I am trewe smyth. Ey, Cristes fote ! what wil ye do therwith?' ' Therof,' quod Absolon, ' be as be may ; I schal wel telle it the to monve day ; '

THE MILLERES TALE. 117

And caughio the eultre by the colclc stele.

Ful soft out at the dore he gan it stele,

And wente unto the carpenteres wal.

He cowheth first, and knokketh therwithal coo

Upon the wyndow, right as he dede er.

This Alisoun answerde, ' Who is ther

That knokketh so ? I warant it a theef.'

' Why nay,' quod he, 'God woot, my sweetc leef,

I am thyn Absolon, o my derlyng.

Of gold,' quod he, < T have the brought a ryng ;

My mooder yaf it me, so God me save !

Ful fyn it is, and therto wel i-grave ;

This wol I yive the, if thou me kisse.'

This Nicholas was rise??, for to pysse, cio

And thought he wold amenden al the jape,

He sehulde kisse his ers or that he skape.

And up the wyndow dyde he hastily,

And out his ers putteth he pryvely

Over the buttok, to the haunche bon.

And therwith spak this clerk, this Absolon,

< Spek, sweete bryd, I wot nat wher thou art.'

This Nicholas anon let flee a fart,

As gret as it hadrfe ben a thundir dent,

And with that strook he was almost i-blent ; 620

And he was redy with his yren hoot,

And Nicholas amid the ers he smoot.

Of goth the skyn an hande brede aboute,

The hoote eultre brente so his toutc ;

And for the smert ho wende for to dye ;

As he were wood, anon he gan to crye,

' Help, watir, watir, help, for Goddes herte !'

This carpenter out of his slumber sterte,

And herd on crye watir, as he wer wood.

118 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

He thought, ' Alias, for now cometh Noes flood ! ' He sit him up withouto wordes mo, 631

And with his ax he smot the eorde a-two ; And doun he goth ; he fond nowthir to selle No breed ne ale, til he com to the selle Upon the floor, and ther aswoun he lay. Up styrt hir Alisoun, and Nieholay, And cryden, ' out and harrow !' in the strete. The neygheboures bothe smal and grete, In ronnen, for to gauren on this man, That yet aswowne lay, bothe pale and wan ; cio For with the fal he brosten had his arm. But stond he muste to his owne harm, For whan he spak, he was anon born doun With heende Nicholas and Alisoun. They tolden every man that he was wood ; He was agast and feerd of Noes flood Thurgh fantasie, that of his vanite He hadde i-bought him knedyng tubbes thre, And hadde hem hanged in the roof above ; And that he preyed hem for Goddes love 650

To sitten in the roof par compaignye. The folk gan lawhen at his fantasye ; Into the roof they kyken, and they gape, And torne al his harm into a jape. For whatsoever the carpenter answerde, Hit was for nought, no man his resoun herde, With othis greet he was so sworn adoun, That he was holden wood in al the toun. For every clerk anon right heeld with othir ; They seyde, ' The man was wood, my lceve brother ;' 660

And every man gan lawhen at his stryf.

THE MILLERES TALE.

Thus swyved was the carpenteres wyf For al his kepyng and his gelousye ; And Absolon hath kist hir nethir ye ; And Nicholas is skaldid in his towte. This tale is doon, and God save al the route.

119

J2C THE CANTERBURY TALES.

THE PROLOGE OF THE REEVE.

;HAN folk hadde lawhen of this nyce caas Of Absolon and heende Nicholas, Dyverse folk dyversely they seyde,

But for the moste part they lowh and pleyde ;

Ne at this tale I sawh no man him greve,

But it were oonly Osewald the Reeve.

Bycause he was of carpentrye craft,

A litel ire is in his herte laft ;

He gan to grucehe and blamed it a lite.

' 80 theek,' quod he, ' ful wel coude I the quyte 10

With bleryng of a prowd mylleres ye,

If that me luste speke of ribaudye.

But yk am old ; me list not pleyc for age ;

Gras tyme is doon, my focldir is now forage.

My whyte top writeth myn olde yeeres ;

Myn hert is al so moulyd as myn heeres :

But yit I fare as doth an open-ers ;

That ilke fruyt is ever lenger the wers,

Til it be rote in mullok or in stree.

We olde men, I drede, so fare we, so

Til we be roten, can we nat be rype ;

We hoppen alway, whil the world wol pype ;

For in oure wil ther stiketh ever a nayl,

To have an hoor heed and a greene tayl,

As hath a leek ; for though oure might be doon,

THE PROLOGE OF THE REEVE. 121

Oure wil desireth folye ever in oon ;

For whan we may nat do, than wol we speke,

Yet in oure aisshen old is fyr i-rekc.

Foure gledys have we, which I sehal devyse,

Avanting, lyyng angur, coveytise. so

This foure sparkys longen unto eelde.

Oure olde lymes mowen be unweelde,

But wil ne sehal nat fayle us, that is soth.

And yet I have alwey a eoltes toth,

As many a yeer as it is passed henne,

Syn that my tappe of lyf bygan to renne.

For sikirlik, whan I was born, anon

Deth drough the tappe of lyf, and leet it goon ;

And now so longc hath the tappe i-ronne,

Til that almost al empty is the tonne. 40

The streem of lyf now droppeth on the chymbo.

The sely tongc may wel rynge and chimbe

Of wrecchednes, that passed is ful yoorc :

With olde folk, sauf dotage, is no more.'

Whan that oure Host hadc/e herd this ser- monyng, He gan to speke as lordly as a kyng, And seyde, ' What amounteth al this wit ? What ? schul we speke al day of holy wryt ? The devyl made a reve for to preche, Or of a sowter, schipman or a leche. ro

Sey forth thi tale, and tarye nat the tyme ; Lo heer is Depford, and it is passed prime ; Lo Grenewich, ther many a schrewe is inne ; It were al tyme thi tale for to bygynne.'

' Now, sires/ quod this Osewold the Reeve, ' I pray yow alle, that noon of you him greeve, Though I answere, and somwhat sette his howve,

J 22

THE CANTERBURY TALES.

For leeful is with force force to showve. This dronken Myllere hath i-tolde us heer, How that bygiled was a carpenter, Peraventure in scorn, for I am oon ; And by your leve, I schal him quyte anoon. Right in his cherles termes wol I speke ; I praye to God his nekke mot to-breke ! He can wel in myn eye seen a stalke, But in his owne he can nought seen a bailee.'

60

THE REEVES TALE.

T Trompyngtoun, nat fer fro Cante-

brigge, Ther goth a brook, and over that a

brigge,

Upon the whiche brook ther stant a melle : And this is verray sothe that I you telle. A meller was ther dwellyng many a day, As eny peeok he was prowd and gay ; Pipen he coude, and fissh, and nettys beete, And turne cuppes, wrastle wel, and scheete. Ay by his belt he bar a long panade,' And of a swerd ful trenchaunt was the blade. 10 A joly popper bar he in his pouche ; Ther was no man for perel durst him touche. A Scheffeld thwitel bar he in his hose. Round was his face, and camois was his nose, As pyled as an ape was his skulle.

THE REEVES TALE. 123

He was a market-beter at the fulle.

Ther durste no wight hand upon him legge,

That he ne swor anon he schuld abegge.

A theef he was, for-soth, of corn and mele, And that a sleigh, and usyng for to stele. 20

His name was hoote deynous Symekyn. A wyf ho haddc, come of noble kyn ; The persoun of the toun hir fader was. With hire he yaf ful many a panne of bras, For that Symkyn schuld in his blood allye. Sche was i-fostryd in a nonnerye ; For Symkyn wolde no wyf, as he sayde But sche were wel i-norissched and a mayde, To saven his estaat and yomanrye. And sche was proud and pert as is a pye. 30

A ful fair sighte was ther vjmn hem two ; On haly dayes bifore hir wold he go With his typet y-bounde about his heed ; And sche cam aftir in a gyte of reed, And Symkyn haddc hosen of the same. Ther durste no wight clepe hir but madame ; Was noon so hardy walkyng by the weye, That with hir dorste rage or elles pleye, But if he wolde be slayn of Symekyn With panade, or with knyf, or boydekyn ; 40

For gelous folk ben perilous everemo, Algate they wolde here wyves wende so. And eek for sche was somdel smoterlich, Sche was as deyne as water in a dich, As ful of hokir, and of bissemare. Hir thoughte ladyes oughten hir to spare, What for hir kynreed and hir nortelrye, That sche hadJe lerned in the nonnerye.

124 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

0 doughter hadden they betwix hem two.. Of twenti yeer, withouten eny mo, so

Savyng a child that was of half yer age In eradil lay, and was a proper page. This wenehc thikke and wel i-growen was, With camoys nose, and eyghen gray as glas ; And buttokkes brode, and brestes round and hye, But right fair was hir hecr, I wol nat lye. The persoun of the toun, for sche was feir, In purpos was to maken hir his heir, Bothe of his eatel and his mesuagc, And straunge made it of hir marlage. 60

His purpos was to bystowe hir hye Into som worthy blood of ancetrye ; For holy chirehc good moot be despendid On holy ehirche blood that is deseendid. Therfore he woldc his joly blood honoure, Though that he sehulde holy chirehe devouro. Gret soken hadc/e this meller, oute of doute, With whete and malt, of al the londe aboute ; And namely ther was a gret collegge, Men clepe it the Soler-halle of Cantebregge, 70 Ther was here whete and eek here malt i-grounde. And on a day it happed on a stoundc, Syk lay the mauneyple on a maledye, Men wenden wisly that he sehulde dye ; For which this meller stal both mele and corn A thousend part more than byforn. For ther biforn he stal but curteysly ; But now he is a theef outrageously. For which the wardcyn chidde and made faro, But therof sette the meller not a tare ; so

He crakkede boost, and swor it was nat so.

THE REEVES TALE. 125

Thanne weren there poore scoleres tuo,

That dweiten in the halle of which I soye ;

Testyf they were, and lusty for to pleye ;

And, oonly for here mirthe and revelryc,

Uppon the wardeyn bysily they erye,

To yeve hem leve but a litel stounde

To go to raelle and see here corn i-grounde ;

And hardily they dursten ley here nekke,

The meller sehulde nat stel hem half a pekke 90

Of corn by sleighte, ne by force hem reve.

And atte last the wardeyn yaf hem leve.

Johan hight that oon, and Alayn hight that

other ; Of o toun were they born that highte Strothir, Fer in the North, I can nat telle where. This Aleyn maketh redy al his gere, And on an hors the sak he cast anoon : Forth goth Aleyn the clerk, and also Jon, With good swerd and with bocler by her side. Johan knew the way, that hem needith no gyde ; And at the myllc the sak adoun he layth. 101

Alayn spak first : ' Al heil ! Symond, in faith How fares thy faire doughter and thy wyf ?' < Alayn, welcome,' quod Symond, ' by my lyf ! And Johan also ; how now ! what do ye here ? ' By God!' quod Johan, < Symond, neede has na

pecre. Him falles serve himself that has na swayn, Or elles he is a fon, as clerkes sayn. Our mancyple, as I hope, wil be deed, Swa werkes ay the wanges in his heed . no

And therfore I is come, and eek Aleyn, To gryncle oure corn, and carie it ham ageyu.

126 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

I prey you speed us in al that ye may.'

' It schal be doon,' quod Symkyn, ' by my fay !

What wol ye do whil that it is in hande ? '

' By God ! right by the hoper wol I stande,'

Quod Johan, ' and se how that the corn gas inne.

Yet sawh I never, by my fader kynne !

How that the hoper waggis to and fra.'

Aleyn answerde, ' Johan, and wiltow swa ? 120

Than wol I be bynethe, by my croun !

And se how that the mele fallys doun

Into the trough, that sehal be my desport ;

For Jon, in faith, I may be of youre sort,

I is as ille a meller as ere ye.'

This mellere smyleth for here nycete,

And thought, ' Al this is doon but for a wyle ;

They wenen that no man may hem bigile.

But, by my thrift, yet sehal I blere here ye,

For al here sleight and al here philosophic ; 130

The more queynte knakkes that they make,

The more wol I stele whan I take.

In stede of mele, yet wol I yeve hem bren.

The grettest clerkes beth not wisest men,

As whilom to the wolf thus spak the mare ;

Of al here art ne countc I nat a tare.'

Out at the dore he goth ful pryvyly,

Whan that he saugh his tyme sotyly ;

He loketh up and doun, til he hath founde

The clerkes hors, ther as it stood i-bounde no

Behynde the mylle, under a levesel ;

And to the hors he goth him faire and wol.

He strepcth of the bridel right anoon.

And whan the hors was loos, he gan to goon

Toward the fen there wilde mares renne,

THE REEVES TALE. 127

Forth with ' wi-he ! ' thurgh thikke and eek thurgh

thenne. This meller goth agayn, and no word seyde, But doth his note, and with the clerkes pleyde, Til that here corn was fair and wel i-grounde. And whan the mcle was sakked and i-bounde, 150 This Johan goth out, and fynt his hors away, And gan to crye, ' Harrow and weylaway ! Oure hors is loste ! Aleyn, for Goddes banes, Step on thy feet, cum on, man, al at anes. Alias ! our wardeyn hath his palfray lorn ! ' This Aleyn al forgeteth mele and corn, Al was out of his mynd his housbondrye ; ' What, w/u/ke way is he gan ? ' gan he crye. The wyf cam lepyng in-ward with a ren, Sche seyde, ' Alias ! your hors goth to the fen 160 With wylde mares, as fast as he may go ; Unthank come on his heed that band him so, And he that bettir schuld han knyt the reyne !' ' Alias !' quod Johan, 'Aleyn, for Cristes peyne ! Leg doun thi swerd, and I sal myn alswa ;

I is ful wight, God wat, as is a ra ;

By Goddes hart ! he sal nat scape us bathe. Why nad thou put the capil in the lathe ?

II hail, Aleyn, by God ! thou is a fon !'

This sely clerkes speeden hem anoon wo

Toward the fen, bothe Aleyn and eek Jon. And when the myllor sawh that they were gon, He half a busshel of the flour hath take, And bad his wyf go knede it in a cake. He seydc, ' I trowe the clerkes ben aferd ! Yet can a miller make a clerkes berd, For al his art ; ye, lat hem go here waye !

128 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Lo whcr they goon ! ye, lat the children playe ; They get hym nat so lightly, by my croun !' This seely clerkes ronnen up and doun, iso

With ' Keep ! keep ! stand ! stand ! jossa, ware

derere ! Ga wightly thou, and I sal keep him heere.' But schortly, til that it was verray night, They cowde nat, though they did al here might, Here capil cacche, it ran away so faste, Til in a diche they caught him atte laste. Wery and wete as bestys in the reyn, Comth sely Johan, and with him comth Aleyn. ' Alias !' quod Johan, that day that I was born ! Now are we dryve til hething and to scorn. 100 Oure corn is stole, men woln us foles calle, Bathe the wardeyn and eek our felaws alle, And namely the myller, weyloway!' Thus pleyneth Johan, as he goth by the way Toward the mylle, and Bayard in his hand. The myller sittyng by the fyr he fand, For it was night, and forther mighte they nought/', But for the love of God they him bisoughte Of herberwh and of ese, as for her peny. The myller sayd agayn, ' If ther be eny, 200

Swich as it is, yit schul ye have your part. Myn hous is streyt, but ye han lerned art ; Ye conne by argumentcs make a place A myl brood of twenty foote of space. Let se now if this place may suffyse, Or make it rom with speche, as is your gyse.' ' Now, Symond,' seyde this Johan, ' by seynt Cuth -

berd? Ay is thou mery, and that is fair answerd.

THE BEEVES TALE. 129

I have herd say, men suld take of twa thingcs, Slik as he fynt, or tak slik as he bringcs. 210

But specially I pray the, host fill deere, Get us som mete and drynk, and mak us cheere, And we wol paye trewely at the fulle ; With empty hand men may na hawkes tulle. Lo heer our silver redy for to spende.' This meller into toun his doughter sonde For ale and breed, and rosted hem a goos, And band her hors, he seholde no more go loos ; And in his owne chambir hem made a bed, With sehetys and with chalouns fair i-spred, 220 Nat from his owen bed ten foot or twelve. His doughter had a bed al by hirsclve, Right in the same chambre by and by ; It mighte be no bet, and cause why Ther was no rommer herberw in the place. They sowpen, and they speke hem to solace, And dronken ever strong ale atte beste. Aboute mydnyght wente they to reste. Wei hath the myller vernysshed his heed, Ful pale he was for-dronken, and nat reed ; 230 He yoxeth, and he speketh thurgh the nose, As he were on the quakke or on the pose. To bed he goth, and with him goth his wyf, As eny jay sche light was and jolyf, So was hire joly whistel wel y-wet ; The cradil at hire beddes feet is set, To rokken, and to yive the child to soukc. And whan that dronken was al in the crouke, To bedde wente the doughter right anon ; To bedde goth Aleyn, and also Jon, 210

Ther nas no more, hem needed no dwale. vol. 11. K

130 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

This meller hath so wysly bibbed ale,

That as an hors he snortith in his sleep,

Ne of his tayl bihynd took he no keep.

His wyf bar him a burdoun, a ful strong,

Men might her rowtyng heeren a forlong.

The wenehe routeth eek par company e.

Aleyn the clerk, that herde this melodye,

He pokyde Johan, and seyde, ' Slepistow ?

Herdistow ever slik a sang er now ? 250

Lo, slik a eouplyng is betwix hem alle,

A wilde fyr upon thair bodyes falle !

Wha herkned ever swilk a ferly thing ?

Ye, thei sul have the flour of ille endyng !

This lange night ther tydes me na rest.

But yet na fors, al sal be for the best.

For, Johan,' sayd he, ' as ever mot I thryve,

If that I may, yone wenehe sal I swyve.

Som esement hath the lawe schapen us ;

For Johan, ther is a lawe that says thus,

That if a man in a point be agreved,

That in another he sal be releeved.

Oure corn is stoln, sothly, it is na nay,

And we have had an ylle fitt to day;

And syn I sal have nan amendement

Agayn my los, I wol have esement.

By Goddes sawle ! it sal nan other be.'

This Johan answerd, ' Aleyn, avyse the ;

The miller is a perlous man,' he sayde,

' And if that he out of his sleep abrayde, 270

He mighte do us bothe a vilonye.'

Aleyn answerd, ' I count it nat a flye !'

And up he roos, and by the wenehe he crepte.

This Mrenche lay upright and faste slepte,

THE REEVES TALE. 131

Til he so neih was or sche might aspye That it hadde ben to late for to crye. And schortly for to seye, they weren at oon. Now pley, Alein, for I wol speke of Jon.

This Johan lith stille a forlong whyle or two, And to himself compleyned of his woo. 2so

' Alias ! quod he, ' this is a wikked jape ; Now may I say that I am but an ape. Yet hath my felaw somwhat for his harm ; He hath the myllers doughter in his arm ; He auntred him, and has his needes sped, And I lye as a draf-sak in my bed ; And when this jape is tald another day, I sal be held a daf, a cokenay. Unhardy is unsely, as men saith. I wol arise, and auntre it, in good faith.' 290

And up he ros, and softely he wente Unto the cradil, and in his hand it hente, And bar it softe unto his beddis feet. Soone after this the wyf hir routyng leet, And gan awake, and went hir for to pisse, And cam agayn, and gan hir cradel mysse, And groped heer and ther, but sche fond noon. ' Alias ! ' quod sche, ' I had almost mysgoon ; I had almost goon to the clerkes bed, Ey, benedicite ! than had I foule i-sped ! ' 300

And forth sche goth, til sche the cradil fand. Sche gropith alway forther with hir hand, And fand the bed, and thoughte nat but good, Bycause that the cradil by hit stood, Nat knowyng wher sche was, for it was derk ; But faire and wel sche creep in to the clerk, And lith ful stille, and wolde han caught a sleep.

132 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Withinne a while Johan the clerk up leep, And on this goode wyf he leyth on sore ; So mery a fytt ne hadde sche nat ful yore. sio

He priketh harde and deepe, as he were mad. This joly lyf han this twey clerkes had, Til that the thridde eok bygan to synge. Aleyn wax wery in the dawenynge, For he hadrfe swonken al the longe night, And seydc, ' Farwel, Malyn, my sweete wight ! The day is come, I may no lenger byde; But evermo, wher so I go or ryde, I am thin owen clerk, so have I seel ! ' 'Now, deere lemman,' quod sche, 'go, farwel! 320 But or thou go, 0 thing I wol the telle : Whan that thou wendist hom-ward by the melle, Right at the entre of the dore byhynde Thou schalt a cake of half a busshel fynde, That was i-maked of thyn owen mele, Which that I hilp myn owen self to stele. And, goode lemman, God the save and kepe ! ' And with that word almost sche gan to weepe. Aleyn uprist, and thought, ' Er that it dawe I wol go crepen in by my felawe ; ' 330

And fand the cradil with his hand anon. ' By God ! ' thought he, ' al wrong I have i-goon ; My heed is toty of my swynk to nyght, That makes me that I ga nought aright. I wot wel by the cradel I have mysgo ; Heer lith the myller and his wyf also.' Forth he goth in twenty devel way Unto the bed, ther as the miller lay. He wende have crope by his felaw Jon, And by the myller in he creep anon, 310

THE REEVES TALE. 133

And caught him by the nekke, and soft he spak,

And seyde, ' Jon, thou swyneshed, awak,

For Cristes sowle ! and here a noble game ;

For, by that lord that cleped is seynt Jamc,

As I have thries in this schorte night

Swyved the myllers doughter bolt upright,

Whiles thou hast as a coward ben agast.'

' Ye, false harlot,' quod this mellcre, ' hast ?

A ! false traitour, false clerk ! ' quod he,

' Thou schalt be deed, by Goddes dignitc ! 350

Who durste be so bold to disparage

My doughter, that is com of hih lynage ? '

And by the throte-bolle he caught Aleyn,

And he hent him dispitously ageyn,

And on the nose he smot him with his fest.

Doun ran the blody streem upon his brest ;

And in the floor with nose and mouth to-broke

They walweden as pigges in a poke ;

And up they goon, and doun they goon anon,

Til that the millner stumbled at a ston, 300

And doun he felle bakward on his wyf,

That wyste nothing of this nyce stryf ;

For sche was falle asleepe a litel wight

With Jon the clerk, that waked al the night,

And with the falle right out of slepe sche brayde.

' Help, holy croys of Bromholme ! ' sche sayde,

' In manus tuas, Lord, to the I calle !

Awake, Symond, the feend is in thin halle !

My hert is broken ! help ! I am but deed !

Thcr lythc upon my wombe and on myn heed. 370

Help, Symkyn ! for this false clerkes fighte.'

This Johan stert up as fast as ever lie mightc,

And graspede by the walles to and fro,

134 THE REEVES TALE

To fyndc a staf ; and schc sturt up also, And knewe the estrea bet than dede that Jon, And by the wal sche took a staf anon, And sawh a litel glymeryng of light ; For at an hool in schon the moonc bright, And by that light she saugh hem bothe two ; But sikirly sche wiste nat who was who, 3so

But as sche saugh a whit thing in hir ye. And whan sche gan this white thing aspye, Sche wende the clerk hadde wereel a volupecr ; And with a staf sche drough hir neer and ncer, And wend have hit this Aleyn atte fulle, And smot this meller on the piled sculle, That doun he goth, and cryeth, ' Harrow ! I dye ! ' This clerkes beeten him wel, and leet hym lye, And greyth hem wel, and take her hors anon, And eek here mele, and hoom anon they goon ; 390 And at the millen dore they tok here cake Of half a buisshel flour ful wel i-bake.

Thus is the prowde miller wel i-bete, And hath i-lost the gryndyng of the whete, And payed for the soper every del Of Aleyn and of Johan, that bcten him wel ; His wyf is swyved, and his doughter als. Lo ! such it is a miller to be fals. And therto this proverbe is seyd ful soth, He thar nat weene wel that evyl doth. 400

A gylour schal himself bygiled be. And God, that sittest in thy mageste', Save al this compaignie, gret and smale ! Thus have I quyt the miller in his tale.

135

THE COKES PROLOGE.

^HE Cook of Londone, whil the Reeve spak,

For joyc him thought he clawed him on the bak ; 'Ha, ha ! ' quod he, ' for Cristes passioun, This meller hath a scharp conelusioun Upon his argument of herburgagc. Wei seyde Salomon in his langage, Ne bryng nat every man into thyn hous, For herburgage by night is perilous. Wei aught a man avised for f!Tbe Whom that he brought into his pryvyte. 10

I praye to God so gyf my body care, Yif ever, siththe I highte Hogge of Ware, Herd I a miller better set a-werke ; He hadde a jape of malice in the derke.

But God forbede that we stynten hcere,

And therfore if ye fouchesauf to hecre

A tale of me that am a pover man,

I wol yow telle as wel as eny kan

A litel jape that fel in oure cite.'

Owe Host answerde and seyde, ' I graunt it the.

Now telle on, Roger, and loke it be good ; r

For many a pastey hastow lete blood,

And many a Jakk of Dover hastow sold,

That hath be twyes hoot and twyes cold.

Of many a pilgrym hastow Cristes curs ;

For thy persly they faren yet the wors,

136

THE CANTEKBUKY TALES.

That they have ctcn with the stubbil goos ;

For in thy schoppe is many a flyc loos.

Now telle on, gentil Roger by thy name,

But yit I pray the be nought wroth for game ; 20

A man may seyeful sothe in game and pley.'

' Thow saist ful soth,' quod Roger, ' by my fey ! But soth play quad play, as the Flemyng saith ; And thcrfore, Henry Battlif, by thy faith, Be thou nat wroth, or we departed her, Though that my tale be of an hostyler. But natheles I wol not telle it yit, But or we departed it schal be quyt.' And thcrwithal he lowh and made chere, And seyde his tale, as ye schal after heere.

40

THE COKES TALE.

PRENTYS dwelledc whilom in oure citee,

And of a craft of vitaillers was he ;

Gaylard he was, as goldfynch in the schawe,

Broun as a bery, and a propre felawe, With lokkcs blak, and kempt- ful fetously. Dauncen he cowde so wel and prately, That he was clcped Perkyn Revellour. He was as ful of love and paramour As is the honycombe of bony swete ; Wel were the wenche that mighte him meete. 10 At every bridale wold he synge and hoppe ; lie lovede hette the taverne than the schoppe.

THE COKES TALE. 137

For whan ther cny rydyng was in Cheepe, Out of the schoppe thider wolde he lepe ; Tjd that he hadde al that sight i-seyn, And daunced wel, he nolde nat come ageyn ; And gadred him a meyne of his sort, To hoppe and synge, and make such disport. And ther they sctten stevene for to meete, To pleyen atte dys in such a strctc, 20

For in the toun ne was ther no prentys That fairer cowde caste a peyre dys Than Perkyn couthe, and thcrto he was free Of his dispence, in place of pryvyte. That fand his mayster wel in his chaffare, For often tyme he fond his box ful bare. For such a joly prentys revelour, That haunteth dys, revel, or paramour, His maister schal it in his schoppe abye, Al have he no part of the mynstralcye. so

For thefte and ryot be convertyble, Al can they pley on giterne or rubible. Revel and trouthc, as in a lowe degre, They ben ful wroth al day, as ye may sec. This joly prentys with his mayster bood, Til he was oute neygh of his prentyshood, Al were ho snybbyd bothe erly and late, And som tyme lad with revel into Newgate. But atte laste his mayster him bythoughte Upon a day, whan he his papyr soughte, 10

Of a proverbe, that saith this same word. Wel bette is roten appul out of hord, Than that it rote al the remenaunt. So fareth it by a ryotous servaunt ; It is ful lasse harm to late him pace,

138 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Than he schend al the servauntes in the place. Therfore his mayster yaf him acquitaunce, And bad him go, -with sonve and with meschaunce. And thus the joly prentys had his leve. Now let hym ryot al the night or leve. oO

And for there is no thef imthowten a lowlcc, That hclpeth him to icasten and to soivke Of that he bribe can, or borwe mayc, Anone he sent his bedde and his araie Unto a compere of his owen sorte, That loved dis, and revel, and disporte, And had a wife, that held for contenaunce A schoppe, and swyved for hire sustcnaunce. Fye theron, it is so foulc, I wil nowe telle no forther, For schame of the harlotrie that seweth after; m A velany it were thare of more to spelle, Bot of a knyhte and his sonnes my tale I wil forthe telle.

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELYN.

Iffj^J^ITHETH, and lestneth, and herkneth aright, And ye schul hecre a talkyng of a doughty knight ; Sire Johan of Boundys was his right name, He cowde of norture ynough and mochil of game. Thre sones the knight had, that with his body he

wan; The eldest was a moche schrewe, and sone he bygan.

THE COKES TALE. 139

His brethercn loved wel here fader, and of him

were agast, The eldest deserved his fadres curs, and had it at

the last. The goode knight his fader lyvede so yore, That deth was comen him to, and handled him

ful sore. i°

The goode knight eared sore, sik ther he lay, How his children scholde lyven after his day. He hadde ben wyde wher, but non housbond he was, Al the lond that he had, it was verrey purchas. Fayn he wold it were dressed amonges hem alle, That ech of hem had his part, as it mighte falle. Tho sent he into cuntre after wise knightes, To helpedelen his londes anddressen hem to rightes. He sent hem word by lettres they schulden hye

blyve, Yf they wolde speke with him whil he was on lyve. Tho the knyghtes herden sik ther he lay, 21

Hadde they no reste nother night ne day, Til they comen to him ther he lay stille On his deth bedde, to abyde Goddes wille. ' Than seyde the goode knight, syk her he lay, ' Lordes, I you warne for soth, withoute nay, I may no lengere lyven heer in this stounde ; For thurgh Goddes wille deth draweth me to

grounde.' Ther nas non of hem alle that herd him aright, That they hadden reuthe of that ilke knight, so And seyde, ' Sir, for Goddes love, ne dismay you

nought ; God may do bote of bale that is now i-wrought.' Than spak the goode knight, sik ther he lay,

HO THE CANTERBURY TALES.

' Boote of bale God may sonde, I wot it is no nay; But I bysekc you, knightes, for the love of me, Goth and dresseth my lond among my sones thre. And, sires, for the love of God, deleth hem nat amys, And forgetith nat Gamelyn, my yonge sone that is. Takcth heed to that on, as wel as to that other ; Selde ye see ony eyr, helpen his brother.' 40

Tho leete they the knight lyen that was nought

in hclc, And wenten into counseil his londes for to dele ; For to delen hem alle to oon, that was her thought, And for Gamelyn was yongest, he schuld have

nought. Al the lond that ther was they dalten it in two, And leeten Gamelyn the yonge withoute lond go, And ech of hem seyde to other ful lowde, His bretheren might yeve him lond whan he good

cowde. Whan they hadde deled the lond at here wille. They come ayein to the knight ther he lay ful stille, And tolden him anon-right how they hadden

wrought ; si

And the knight there he lay liked it right nought. Than seyde the knight, ' / swere by seynt Martyn, For al that ye have y-doon yit is the lond myn ; •For Goddes love, neyhebours, stondeth alle stille, And I wil dele my lond after my wille. Johan, myn eldeste sone, shall have plowes fyve, That was my fadres heritage whil he was on lyve ; And my myddeleste sone fyf plowes of lond, That I harp for to gete with my right hond; go And al myn other purchas of londes and leedes That I byquethc Gamelyn, and alle my goode steedes.

THE COKES TALE. 141

And I byseke yow, goocle men, that lawe conne of

londe, For Gamelynes love, that my queste stonde.' Thus dalte the knight his lond by his day, Right on his deth bed sik ther he lay ; And sone aftirward he lay stoon stille, And deyde whan tyme com, as it was Cristes wille. And anon as he was deed, and under gras i-grave, Sone the elder brother gyled the yonge knave, 70 He took into his hond his lond a?id his leede, And Gamelyn himselfe to clothen and to feede. He clothed him and fed him yvel and eek wrothe, And leet his londes for-fare and his houses bothe, His parkes and his woodes, and dede nothing wel, And seththen he it abought on his owne fel. So longe was Gamelyn in his brotheres halle, For the strengest of good wil they doutiden him

alle; Ther was non therinne nowther yong ne olde That wolde wraththe Gamelyn, were he never so bolde. so

. Gamelyn stood on a day in his brotheres yerde,

And bygan with his hond to handlen his berde ;

He thought on his londes that layen unsawe,

And his faire okes that doun were i-drawe ;

His parkes were i-broken, and his deer byreeved ;

Of alle his goocle steedes noon was him byleved ;

His howses were unhiled and ful yvel dight.

Tho thoughte Gamelyn it wente nought aright.

Afterward cam his brother walkynge thare,

And seyde to Gamelyn, ' Is our mete yare ? ' so

Tho wraththed him Gamelyn, and swor by Goddes book,

142 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

' Thou shalt go bake thiself, I wil nought be thy

cook.' ' How? brother Gamelyn, how answerest thou now? Thou spake never such a word as thou dost now.' ' By my faith/ seyde Gamelyn, ' now me thinketh

neede, Of alle the harmes that I have I tok never ar heede. My parkes ben to-broken, and my deer byreved, Of myn armure and my steedes nought is me

bileved ; Al that my fader me byquath al goth to schame, And therfor have thou Goddes curs, brother, by

thy name.' 100

Than byspak his brother, that rape was of rees, ' Stond stille, gadelyng, and hold right thy pees ; Thow schalt be fayn for to have thy mete and thy

wede ; What spekest thou, Gamelyn, of lond o ther of leede ? ' Thanne seyde Gamelyn, the child that was ying, ' Cristes curs mot he have that clepeth me gadelyng ! I am no worse gadelyng, ne no worse wight, But born of a lady, and geten of a knight.' Ne durst he nat to Gamelyn ner a foote go, 109 But clcpide to him his men, and seyde to hem tho, ' Goth and beteth this boy, and reveth him his wyt, And lat him leren another tyme to aoswere me bet.' Thanne seyde the child, yonge Gamelyn, ' Cristes curs mot thou have, brother art thou myn ; And if I schal algate be beten anon, Cristes curs mot thou have, but thou be that oon.' And anon his brother in that grete hete Made his men to fette staves Gamelyn to bete. Whan that everich of hem a staf had i-nome, 119

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELYN. 143

Gamelyn was war anon tho he seigh hem come ; Tho Gamelyn seyh hem come, he loked over al, And was war of a pestel stood under a wal ; Gamelyn was light of foot and thider gan he lepe, And drof alle his brotheres men right on an hepe. He loked as a wilde lyoun, and leyde on good woon ; Tho his brother say that, he bigan to goon ; He fley up intil a loft, and schette the dore fast. Thus Gamelyn with the pestel made hem alle agast. Some for Gamelynes love and some for his eyghe, Alle they drowe by halves, tho he gan to pleyghe. ' What ! how now ? ' seyde Gamelyn, ' evel mot ye

thee ! 131

Wil ye bygynne eontek, and so sone flee ? ' Gamelyn sought his brother, whider he was flowe, And saugh wher he loked out at a wyndowe. ' Brother,' sayde Gamelyn, ' com a litel ner, And I wil teche the a play atte bokeler.' His brother him answerde, and swor by seynt

Rycher, ' Whil the pestel is in thin hond, I wil come no neer : Brother, I wil make thy pees, I swere by Cristes ore ; Cast away the pestel, and wraththe the nomore.' ' I mot neede,' sayde Gamelyn, ' wraththe me at

oones, 141

For thou woldo make thy men to breke myne

boones, Ne had I hadde mayn and might in myn armes To have i-put hem fro me, they wolde have do me

harmes.' ' Gamelyn,' saydc his brother, ' be thou nought

wroth, For to seen the have harm it were me right loth ;

144 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

I ne dide it nought, brother, but for a fondyng, For to loken or thou were strong and art so ying.' ' Com adoun than to me, and graunte me my bone, Of thing I wil the aske, and we sehul saughte sone.' Doun than cam his brother, that fykil was and

felle, loi

And was swithe sore agast of the pestelle. He seyde, ' Brother Gamelyn, aske me thy boone, And loke thou me blame but I graunte sone.' Thanne seyde Gamelyn, 'Brother, i-wys, And we schulle ben at oon, thou most me graunte

this, Al that my fader me byquath whil he was on lyve, Thou most do me it have, yif we schul nat stryve.' ' That schalt thou have, Gamelyn, I swere by Cristes

ore ! Al that thi fader the byquath, though thou woldest

have more ; 160

Thy lond, that lyth laye, ful wel it schal be sowe, And thyn bowses reysed up, that ben leyd so lowe.' Thus seyde the knight to Gamelyn with mowthe, And thought eek of falsnes, as he wel eouthe. The knight thought on trcsoun, and Gamelyn on

noon, And went and kist his brother, and than they were

at oon. Alias ! yonge Gamelyn, nothing he ne wiste With which a false tresoun his brother him kiste.

Litheth, and lestneth, and holdeth your tonge, And ye schul heere talkyng of Gamelyn the yonge, Ther was ther bysiden cryed a wrastlyng, 171

And therfor ther was sette up a ram and a ryng ; And Gamelyn waa in good wil to wende therto,

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELY X. 145

For to preven his might what he cowthc do. ' Brother,' seyde Gamclyn, ' by seynt Richer, Thou most lene me to nyght a litel courser That is freisch to the spore, ou for to ryde ; I most on an erandc, a litel her bysidc.' ' By God ! ' seyd his brother, ' of steedes in my stalle Go and chese the the best, and spare non of alle, 180 Of steedes or of coursers that stonden hem bisyde ; And tel me, goode brother, whider thou wolt ryde.' ' Her byside, brother, is cryed a wrastlyng, And therfor schal be set up a ram and a ryng ; Cloche worschip it were, brother, to us alle, Might I the ram and the ryng bryng home to this

halle.' A steede ther was sadeled smertely and sheet ; Gamelyn did a pairc spores fast on his feet, He set his foot in the styrop, the steede he bystrood, And toward the wrastelyng the yonge child rood. 190 Tho Gamelyn the yonge was ride out at the gate, The fals knight his brother lokked it after thate, And bysoughte Jhesu Crist, that is heven kyng, He mighte breke his nekke in that wrastlyng. As sone as Gamclyn com ther the place was, He lighte doun of his steede, and stood on thegras, And ther he herd a frankeleyn wayloway synge, And bigan bitterly his hondes for to wrynge. ' Goode man,' seyde Gamelyn, ' why makest ow this fare? is 9

Is ther no man that may you helpe out of this care ?' ' Alias ! ' seyde this frankleyn, ' that ever was I bore ! For tweye stalworthe sones I wene that I have lore; A champioun is in the place, that hath i-wrought me sorwe, vor,. ir, l

14G THE CANTERBURY TALES.

For he hath slayn my two sones, but if God hem

borwe. I wold yeve ten pound, by Jhesu Crist ! and more, With the nones I fand a man to handil him sore.' ' Goode man,' seyde Gamelyn, ' wilt thou wel doon, Hold myn hors, whil my man draweth of my schoon, And help my man to kepe my clothes and my steede, And I wil into place go, to loke if I may speede.' 210 ' By God ! ' sayde the frankeleyn, ' anon it schal bo

doon ; I wil myself be thy man, to drawen of thy schoon, And wende thou into the place, Jhesu Crist the

speede ! And drede not of thy clothes, nor of thy goode

steede.' Barfoot and ungert Gamelyn in cam, Alio that weren in the place heede of him they name, How he durst auntre him of him to doon his might That was so' doughty champioun in wrastlyng and

in fight. Up sterte the champioun raply and anoon, Toward yongc Gamelyn he bigan to goon, 220

And sayde, ' Who is thy fader and who is thy sire ? For-sothe thou art a gret fool, that thou come hire.' Gamelyn answerde the champioun tho, ' Thou knewe wel my fader whil he couthe go, Whiles he was on lyve, by seint Martyn ! ►Sir Johan of Boundys was his name, and I

Gamelyn.' ' Felaw,' seyde the champioun, ' al so mot I thryve, I knew wel thy fader, whil he was on lyve ; And thiself, Gamelyn, I wil that thou it heere, Whil thou were a yong boy a moche schrewe thou

were.' 230

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELYN. 147

Than seyde Gamclyn, and swor by Cristes ore, ' Now I am older woxe, thou schalt me fynd a

more.' ' By God !' sayde the champioun, ' welcome mote

thou be ! Come thou ones in myn hond, schalt thou never

the.' It was wel withinne the night, and the moone

schon, Whan Gamelyn and the champioun togider gon to

goon. The champioun caste tornes to Gamelyn that was

prest, And Gamelyn stood stille, and bad him doon his

best. Thanne seyde Gamelyn to the champioun, ' Thou art fast aboute to brynge me adoun ; 210 Now I have i-proved many tornes of thyne, Thow most,' he seyde, ' proven on or tuo of myne.' Gamelyn to the champioun yede smartly anon, Of alle the tornes that he cowthe he schcwcd him

but oon, And kast him on the left syde, that thre ribbes to-

brake, And therto his oon arm, that yaf a grot crake. Thanne seyde Gamelyn smcrtly anoon, ' Schal it be holde for a cast, or cllcs for noon ?' ' By God,'seyd the champioun, ' whether that it bee, He that comes ones in thin hand schal he never

thee !' 250

Than seyde the fraukelcyn, that had his sones

there, ' Blessed be thou, Gamelyn, that ever thou bore

were !'

148 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

The frankleyn seyd to the champioun, of him

stood him noon eye, 'This is yonge Gamelyn that taughte the this pleye,' Ayein answerd the champioun, that liked nothing

welle, ' He is a lither maystcr, and his pley is right felle ; Sith I wrastled first, it is i-go ful yore, But I was nevere my lyf handled so sore.' Gamelyn stood in the place allone withoute serke, And seyd, ' If there be eny mo, lat hem come to werke ; 200

The champioun that peyned him to werke so sore, It seemeth by his continuance that he wil nomore.' Gamelyn in the place stood as stille as stoon, For to abyde wrastelyng, but there com noon ; Ther was noon with Gamelyn wolde wrastle more, For he handled the champioun so wonderly sore. Two gentilmen ther were that yemede the place, Com en to Gamelyn, God give him goode grace ! And sayde to him, ' Do on thyn hosen and thy

schoon, For-sothe at this tyme this feire is i-doon.' 270 And than seyde Gamelyn, ' So mot I wel fare, I have nought yet halvendel sold up my ware.' Tho seyde the champioun, ' So brouk I my sweere, He is a fool that thereof beyeth, thou selleth it so

deere.' Tho sayde the frankeleyn that was in moche care, ' Felaw,' he seyde, ' why lakkest thou his ware ? By scynt Jame in Galys, that many man hath

sought, Yet it is to good cheep that thou hast i-bought,' Tho that wardeynes were of that wrastlyng, 270

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELYN. 149

Come and broughte Gamelyn the ram and the ryng, And seyden, 'Have, Gamelyn, the ryng and the ram For the best wrasteler that ever here cam.' Thus wan Gamelyn the ram and the ryng, And wente with moche joye home in the mornyng. His brother seih whcr he cam with the grete

rowte, And bad schitte the gate, and holde him withoute, The porter of his lord was ful sore agast, And stert anon to the gate, and lokked it fast.

Now litheth, and lestneth, bothe yong and olde, And ye schul heere gamen of Gamelyn the bolde. Gamelyn come therto for to have com en in, 291 And thanne was it i-schet faste with a pyn ; Than seyde Gamelyn, 'Porter, undo the yate, For many good mannes sone stondeth therate.' Than answerdthe porter, and swor by Goddes berde, ' Thow ne schalt, Gamelyn come into this yerde.' ' Thow lixt,' sayde Gamelyn, ' so browke I my chyn !' He smot the wyket with his foot, and brak awey

the pyn. The porter seyh tho it might no better be, He sette foot on erthe, and he bigan to flee. 300 ' By my faith,' seyde Gamelyn, ' that travail is

i-lore, For I am of foot as light as thou, though thow

haddest swore.' Gamelyn overtook the porter, and his teene wrak, And gert him in the nekke, that the bon to-brak, And took him by that oon arm, and threw him in

a welle, Seven fadmen it was deep, as I have herd telle. Whan Gamelyn the yonge thus hadde pleyed his

play,

150 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Alio that in the yerde were drewen hem away ; They dredden him ful sore,, for werkes that he

wroughte, 309

And for the faire company that he thidef broughte. Gamelyn yede to the gate, and leet it np wyde ; He leet in alio maner men that gon in wold or ryde, And seyde, ' Ye be welcome withouten eny greeve, For we wiln be maistres heer, and aske no man

leve. Ycstirday I lefte,' seyde yonge Gamelyn, 'In my brother seller fyve tonne of wyn : I wil not that this compaignye partcn a-twynne, And ye wil doon after me, while eny sope is

thrynne ; And if my brother grucche, or make foul cheere, Other for spense of mete or drynk that we spenden

heere, 320

I am oure catour, and bere oure aller purs, He schal have for his grucchyng seint Maries curs. My brother is a nyggoun, I swer by Cristes ore, And we wil spende largely that he hath spared yore; And who that maketh grucchyng that we here

dwelle, He schal to the porter into the draw-welle.' Seven dayes and seven nyght Gamelyn held his

feste, With moche myrth and solas that was ther and no

cheste ; In a litel torct his brother lay i-steke, And sey hem wasten his good, but durst he not

speke. 3^0

Erly on a mornyng on the eighte day The gestes come to Gamelyn and wolde gon here

way.

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELYN. 151

' Lordes,' seyde Gamelyn, ' wil ye so hye ?

Al the wyn is not yet y-dronke, so brouk I myn ye.'

Gamelyn in his her to was he ful wo, ^

Whan his gestes took her leve from him for to go ;

He wold they had lenger abide, and they seyde nay,

But bitaughte Gamelyn God, and good day.

Thus made Gamelyn his fest, and brought it wel to ende,

And after his gcstys took leve to wende. 3-10

Litheth, and lestneth, and holdeth youre tongc,

And ye schul hoere gamen of Gamelyn the yonge ;

Herkneth, lordynges, and lesteneth aright,

Whan alle the gestes were goon how Gamelyn was dight.

Al the whil that Gamelyn heeld his mangerye,

His brother thought on him be wreke with his treccherie.

Tho Gamelyns gestes were riden and i-goon, Gamelyn stood allone, frendes had he noon ; Tho after ful soone withinne a litel stounde, Gamelyn was i-take and ful hard i-bounde. 350 Forth com the fals knight out of the selleer, To Gamelyn his brother he yedc ful neer, And saydc to Gamelyn, ' Who made the so bold For to stroye my stoor of myn houshold ?' < Brother,' seyde Gamelyn, ' wraththe the right

nought, For it is many day i-gon siththen it was bought ; For, brother, thou hast i-had, by seynt Richer, Of fiftene plowes of lond this sixtene yer, And of alle the beestes thou hast forth bred, That my fader me biquath on his deth bed ; 3M Of al this sixtene yeer I yeve the the prow

152 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

For the mete and the drynk that we have spcnded

now.' Thanne seyde the fals knyght, evel mot he the, ' Herkne, brother Gamelyn, what I wol yeve the ; For of my body, brother, geten heir have I noon, I wil make the myn heir, I swerc by seint Johan.' ' Par mafoy !' sayde Gamelyn, ' and if it so be, And thou thenke as thou seyst, God yelde it the !' Nothing wiste Gamelyn of his brotheres gyle ; Therfore he him bigyled in a litel while. 370

' Gamelyn,' seyde he, •' 0 thing I the telle ; Tho thou threwe my porter in the draw-wello, I swor in that wraththe, and in that grete moot, That thou schuldest be bounde bothe hand and foot; Therfore I the biseche, brother Gamelyn, Lat me nought be forsworn, as brother art thou

myn ; Lat me bynde the now bothe hand and feet, For to holde myn avow, as I the biheet.' ' Brother,' sayde Gamelyn, ' al-so mot I the ! Thou schalt not be forsworen for the love of me.' Tho made they Gamelyn to sitte, might he nat

stonde, 38i

Til they had him bounde bothe foot and honde. The fals knight his brother of Gamelyn was agast, And sent aftir feteres to feteren him fast. His brother made lesynges on him ther he stood, And told hem that comen in thatGamelynwaswood. Gamelyn stood to a post bounden in the halle, Tho that comen in ther loked on him alle. Ever stood Gamelyn even upright ; But mete ne drynk had ne non, neither day ne

night. 390

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELVX. 153

Than seyde Gamelyn, ' Brother, by myn hals, Now I have aspied thou art a party fals ; Had I wist that tresoun that thou haddest y-founde, I wolde have yeve the strokes or I had be bouncle !' Gamelyn stood bounden stille as eny stoon ; Two dayes and two nightes mete had he noon. Thanne seyde Gamelyn, that stood y-bounde stronge, ' Adam spencer, me thinkth I faste to longe ; Adam spencer, now I byseehe the, For the mochel love my fader loved the, 4co

Yf thou may come to the keyes, lese me out of bond, And I wil parte with the of my free lond.' Thanne seyde Adam, that was the spencer, ' I have served thy brother this sixtene yeer. If I leete the goon out of this bour, He wolde say afterward I were a traytour.' ' Adam,' sayde Gamelyn, ' so brouk I myn hals ! Thou schalt fynde my brother atte laste fals ; Therfor, brother Adam, louse me out of bond, And I wil parte witli the of my free lond.' no

' Up swich a forward,' seyde Adam, ' i-wys, I wil do therto al that in me is.' ' Adam,' seyde Gamelyn, ' al-so mot I the, I wol holde the covenant, and thou wil me.' Anon as Adames lord to bedde was i-goon, Adam took the keyes, and lcet Gamelyn out anoon ; He unlokked Gamelyn bothe hand and feet, In hope of avaunccment that he him byhcet. Than seyde Gamelyn, ' Thanked be Goddes sonde ! Now I am loosed bothe foot and honde ; 4L'0

Had I now eten and dronken aright, The is noon in this hous sehuld bynde me this night.'

154 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Adam took Gamelyn, as stille as ony stoon, And ladde him into spence rapely and anon, And sette him to soper right in a prive stede, And had him do gladly, and Gamelyn so dede. Anon as Gamelyn hadde eten wel and fyn, And therto y-dronke wel of the rede wyn, ' Adam,' seyde Gamelyn, ' what is now thy reed ? Wher I go to my brother and girde of his heed ? ' Gamelyn,' seyde Adam, ' it schal not be so, 431 I can teche the a reed that is worth the two. I wot wel for-sothe that this is no nay, We sehul have a mangery right on Sonday ; Abbotes and priours many beer sehal be, And other men of holy chirche, as I telle the ; Thow sehalt stonde np by the post as thou were

hond-faste, And I sehal leve hem unloke, awey thou may

hem caste, Whan that they have eten and waisschen here

hondes, Thou sehalt biseke hem alle to brynge the out of

bondes ; 410

And if they wille borwe the, that were good game, Then were thou out of prisoun, and I out of blame; And if everich of hem say unto us nay, I schal do another thing, I swere by this day ! Thou sehalt have a good staf and I wil have another, And Cristes curs have that oon that faileth that

other !' ' Ye, for Gode !' sayde Gamelyn, ' I say it for me, If I fayle on my syde, yvel mot I the ! If we schul algate assoile hem of here synnc, Warnc me, brother Adam, whan I schal bygynnc.'

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELYN. 155

* Gamelyn,' seyde Adam, ' by seynte Charite, -i.-.i I wil warne the byforn whan that it sehal be ; Whan I twynk on the, loke for to goon,

And east awey the feteres, and com to me anoon.' 1 Adam,' seide Gamelyn, ' blessed be thy bones ! That is a good counseil yevyng for the nones ; If they werne me thanne to brynge me out of

bendes, I wol sette goode strokes right on here lendes.' Tho the Sonday was i-come, and folk to the feste, Faire they were welcomed bothe lest and mesto ; And ever as they atte halle dore comen in, -i6i Tliey caste their eye on yonge Gamelyn. The fals knight his brother, ful of trechery, Alle the gestes that ther wer atte mangery, Of Gamelyn his brother he tolde hem with mouthe Al the harm and the schame that he telle couthe. Tho they were served of messes tuo or thre, Than seyde Gamelyn, ' How serve ye me?

* It is nought wel served, by God that al made ! That I sytte fastyng, and other men make glade.' The fals knight his brother, ther that he stood, in Tolde alle his gestes that Gamelyn was wood ; And Gamelyn stood stillc, and answerde nought, But Adames wordes he held in his thought.

Tho Gamelyn gan speke dolfully withalle To the gret lordes that saten in the halle : ' Lordes,' he seyde, ' for Cristes passioun, Helpeth brynge Gamelyn out of prisoun.' Than seyde an abbot, sorwe on his cheeke ! ' He sehal have Cristes curs and seynte Maries ceke, That the out of prisoun beggeth other borwe, <isi But ever wor the hem wel that doth the moche sorwe.'

156 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

After that abbot than spak another,

' I wold thin heed were of, though thou were my

brother ! Alle that the borwe, foule mot hem falle !' Thus they seyde alle that were in the hallo. Than seyde a priour, yvel mot he thryve ! ' It is moche skathe, boy, that thou art on lyve/ ' Ow,' seyde Gamelyn, ' so brouk I my bon ? Now I have aspyed that freendes have I non. 490 Cursed mot he worthe bothe fleisch and blood, That ever do priour or abbot ony good !' Adam the spencer took up the cloth, And loked on Gamelyn, and say that he was wroth ; Adam on the pantrye litel he thought, Eut tuo goode staves to halle dore he brought. Adam loked on Gamelyn, and he was war anoon, And caste awey the feteres, and he bigan to goon : Tho he com to Adam, he took that 00 staf, And bygan to worche, and goode strokes yaf. 500 Gamelyn cam into the halle, and the spencer bothe. And loked hem aboute, as they had be wrothe ; Gamelyn sprengeth holy-water with an oken spire, That some that stoode upright fel in the fire. Ther was no lewede man that in the halle stood, That wolde do Gamelyn eny thing but good, But stood besyde, and leet hem bothe werche, For they hadde no rewthe of men of holy cherche ; Abbot or priour, monk or chanoun, That Gamelyn overtok, anon they yeeden doun. 510 Ther was non of hem alle that with his staf mette, That he made him overthrowe and quyt him his

dette. ' Gamelyn,' seyde Adam, ' for seynte Charite,

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELYN. 157

Pay large lyverey, for the love of me,

And I wil kepe the dore, so ever here I masse !

Er they ben assoyled ther shaZ noon passe.'

' Dowt the nought,' seyde Gamelyn, ' whil we ben

in feere, Kep thou wel the dore, and I wol werche hecre ; Stere the, good Adam, and lat ther noon flee, And we schul telle largely how many ther be.' 520 ' Gamelyn,' seyde Adam, < do hem but good ; They ben men of holy chirche, draw of hem no

blood, Save wel the croune, and do hem non harmes, But brek bothe her legges and siththen here armes.' Thus Gamelyn and Adam wroughte right fast, And pleyden with the monkes, and made hem agast. Thider they come rydyng jolily with swaynes, But honrayen they were i-lad in cartes and in

waynes. Tho they hadden al y-don, than seyde a gray frerc, ' Alias ! sire abbot, what did we now heere ? 530 Tho that comen hider, it was a cold reed, Us hadde ben better at home with water and breed.' Whil Gamelyn made ordres of monkes and frere, Ever stood his brother, and made foul chere ; Gamelyn up with his staff, that he wel knew, And gert him in the nekke, that he overthrew ; A litel above the girdel the rigge-bon to-barst ; And sette him in the feteres ther he sat arst. ' Sitte ther, brother,' sayde Gamelyn, ' For to colyn thy blood, as I dide myn.' 540

As swithe as they hadde i-wroken hem on here

foon, They askeden watir and waisschen anoon,

158 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

What some for here love and some for awe, Alle the servantz served hem of the beste lawe.

The scherreve was thennes but a fyve myle, And al was y-told him in a litel while, How Gamelyn and Adam had doon a sory rees, Bounden and i- wounded men ayein the kinges pees; Tho bigan some strif for to wake, 519

And the seherref aboute cade Gamelyn for to take.

Nowlythethandlestneth, so Godyif you goode fyn! And ye schul heere good game of yonge Gamelyn. Four and twenty yonge men, that heelden hem fid

bolde, Come to the'schirref and seyde that they wolde Gamelyn and Adam fetten away. The seherref yaf hem leve, soth as I you say ; They hyeden faste, Avoid they nought bylynne, Til they come to the yate, ther Gamelyn was inne. They knokked on the gate, the porter was nv, And loked out at an hoi, as man that was sly. 560 The porter hadde byholde hem a litel while, He loved wel Gamelyn, and was adrad of gyle, And leet the wyket stonden ysteke ful stylle And asked hem withoute what was here wille. For al the grete company thanne spak but oon, ' Undo the gate, porter, and lat us in goon.'' Than seyde the porter, ' So brouke I my chyn, Ye schul sey your crand er ye comen in.' ' Soy to Gamelyn and Adam, if here wille be, We wil speke with hem wordes two or thrc.' 570 4 Felawc,' seyde the porter, ' stond there stille, And I wil wende to Gamelyn. to witcn his wille.' In went the porter to Gamelyn anoon, And seyde, ' Sir, I warne you her ben come your foon.

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELY X. 159

The scherreves meyne ben atte gate,

For to take you bothe, schul ye nat skape.'

' Porter,' seyde Gamelyn, ' so moot I wel the !

I wil allowe the thy wordes whan I my tymc se ;

Go agaj-n to the yate, and dwel with hem a while,

And thou schalt se right sone, porter, a gyle, sso

Adam,' sayde Gamelyn, ' looke the to goon ;

We have foomen atte gate, and frendes never oon ;

It ben the schirrefes men, that hider ben i-come,

They ben swore to-gidere that we schul be nome.'

' Gamelyn,' seyde Adam, ' hye the right blyve,

And if I faile the this day, evel mot I thryve !

And we schul so welcome the scherreves men,

That some of hem schul make here beddes in the den.'

Atte posterne gate Gamelyn out wente,

And a good cart staf in his hand he hentc ; 590

Adam hente sone another gret staf,

For to helpe Gamelyn, and goode strokes yaf.

Adam felde tweyne, and Gamelyn felde thre,

The other setten feet on crthe, and bygonne he.

'AVhat?' seyde Adam, 'so ever here I masse !

I have a draught of good wyn, drynk er ye passe.'

"' Nay, by God ! ' sayde they, ' thy drynk is not good,

It wolde make mannes brayn to lien in his hood.'

Gamelyn stood stille, and loked him aboute,

And scih the scherreve come with a gret route, goo

' Adam,' seyde Gamelyn, ' what be now thy recdes ?

Here comth the scherreve and wil have oure hecdes.

Adam,' sayde Gamelyn, ' my reed is now this,

Abide we no lenger, lest we fare amys :

I rede that we to wode goon ar that we be founde,

Better is us ther loos than in town y-bounde.'

Adam took by the hond yonge Gamelyn ;

160 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And everich of hem tuo drank a draught of wyn, And after took her coursers and wenten her way. Tho fond the scherreve nest, but non ay. 6io

The scherreve lighte adoun, and went into the halle, And fond the lord y-fetered fastc withalle. The scherreve unfetered him sone, and that anoon, And sent after a lechc to hele his rigge-boon.

Lete we now this fals knight lyen in his care, And talke we of Gamelyn, and loke how he fare. Gamelyn into the woode stalkede stille, And Adam the spenser liked ful ylle ; Adam swor to Gamelyn, by seynt Richer, ' Now I see it is mery to be a spencer, 620

That lever me were keyes for to bere, Than walken in this wilde woode my clothes totcre.' 'Adam,' seyde Gamelyn, 'dismaye the right nought ; Many good mannes child in care is i-brought.' And as they stoode talkyng bothen in feerc, Adam herd talkyng of men, and ney him thought

thei were. Tho Gamelyn under the woode loked aright, Sevene score of yonge men he saugh wel adight ; Allc satte atte mete in compas aboute. ' Adam,' seyde Gamelyn, ' now have wc no doute, After bale cometh bootc, thurgh grace of God al-

might ; 631

Me thynketh of mete and of drynk that I have a

sight.' Adam lokedc tljo under woode bowgh, And whan he seyh mete he was glad ynough ; For he hopede to God for to have his deel, And he was sore alonged after a good mecl. As he sryde that worde, the mavster outlawe

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELYN. 161

Saugh Gamelyn and Adam under woode schawe. ' Yonge men/ seyde the maister, ' by the goode

roode, 639

I am war of gestes, God send us non but goode ; Yonder ben tuo yonge men, wonder wel adight, And paraventure ther ben mo, who-so loked aright. Ariseth up, ye yonge men, and fetteth hem to me ; It is good that we witen what men they bee.' Up ther sterten sevene fro the dyner, And metten with Gamelyn and Adam spenscr. Whan they were neyh hem, than seyde that oon, ' Yeldeth up, yonge men, yourbowesandyourfloon.' Thanne seyde Gamelyn, than yong was of clde, ' Moehe sorwe mot he have that to you hem yelde ! I curse non other, but right myselve, 65 1

They ye fette to yow fyve, thanne ye be twelve.' Tho they herde by his word that mightwasinhis arm, Ther was none of hem alle that wolde do him harm, But sayd unto Gamelyn, myldely and stille, ' Com afore our maister, and sey to him thy wille.' ' Yonge men,' sayde Gamelyn, ' by your lewte, What man is your maister that ye with be ! ' Alle they answerde withoute lesyng, ' Oure maister is i-crouned of outlawes kyng.' 660 ' Adam,' seyde Gamelyn, ' go we in Cristcs name ; He may neyther mete nor drynk werne us for

sehame. If that he be heende, and come of gentil blood, lie wol yeve us mete and drynk, and doon us som

good.' ' By seynt Jame !' seyd Adam, ' what harm that I

gete, I wil auntre to the dore that I hadde mete.' VOL. it. iu

162 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Gamelyn and Adam wente forth in feere,

And they grette the maister that they founde there.

Than seide the maister, kyng of outlawes,

' Whatseeke ye,yonge men, under woode schawes?'

Gamelyn answerde the kyng with his croune, 671

' He moste needes walke in woode, that may not

walke in towne. Sire, we walke not heer noon harm for to do, But if we meete with a deer, to scheete therto, As men that ben hungry, and mow no mete fynde, And ben harde bystad under woode lynde.' Of Gamelynes wordes the maister hadde routhe, And seyde, ' Ye schal have ynough, have God my

trouthe,' Ho bad hem sitte ther adoun, for to take reste ; And bad hem ete and drynke, and that of the beste. As they sete and eeten and dronke wel and fyn, 68i Than seyd that oon to that other, 'This is

Gamelyn.' Tho was the maister outlawe into counseil nome, And told how it was Gamelyn that thider was

i-eome. Anon as he herde how it was bifalle, He made him maister under him over hem alle. Within the thridde wyke him com tydyng, To the maister outlawe that tho was her kyng, That he sehulde come horn, his pees was i-made ; And of that goode tydyng he was tho ful glad. 690 Tho seyde he to his yonge men, soth for to telle, ' Me ben eomen tydynges I may no lenger dwelle.' Tho was Gamelyn anon, withoute taryyng, Made maister outlawe, and crouned her kyng. Tho was Gamelyn crouned kyng of outlawes,

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELYN. 1G3

And walked a while under woodc sehawes. The fals knight his brother was scherreve and sire, And leet his brother endite for hate and for ire. Tho were his bonde-men sory and nothing glade, Whan Gamelyn her lord wolves-heed was eryed

and made ; 700

And sente out of his men wher they might him fynde, For to seke Gamelyn under woode lynde, To telle him tydynges how the wynd was went, And al his good reved, and his men schent. Whan they had him founde, on knees they hem sette, And adoun with here hood, and here lord grette : ' Sire, wraththe you nought, for the goode roode, For we have brought you tydynges, but they be

nat goode. Now is thy brother scherreve, and hath the baillye, And he hath cndited the, and wolves-heed doth the

crie.' 710

' Alias ! ' seyde Gamelyn, ' that ever I was so slak That I ne hadde broke his nekke,tho hisrigge brak ! Goth, greteth hem wel, myn housbondes and wyf, I wol ben atte nexte sehire, have God my lyf.' Gamelyn came wel redy to the nexte sehire, And ther was his brother bothe lord and sire. Gamelyn com boldelych into the moot halle, And put adoun his hood among the lordes alle : ' God save you alle, lordynges, that now here be ! But broke-bak scherreve, evel mot thou the ! 720 Why hast thou do me that schame and vilonye, For to late endite me, and wolves-heed me crye ?' Tho thought the fals knight for to ben awreke, And leet take Gamelyn, most he nomore speke ; Might ther be nomore grace, but Gamelyn atte last

164 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Was cast into prisoun and fetcred ful fast. Gamelyn hath a brother that highte sir Ote, As good a knight and heende as mightc gon on footo. Anon ther yede a messager to tnat goode knight, 729 And tolde him altogidere how Gamelyn was dight. Anon as sire Ote herde how Gamelyn was adight, He was wonder sory, was he nothing light, And leet sadle a steede, and the way he nam, And to his tweyne bretheren anon right he cam. ' Sire/ seyde sire Ote to the scherreve tho, ' We ben but thre bretheren, schul we never be mo, And thou hast y-prisoned the best of us alle ; Swieh another brother yvel mot him bifalle !' ' Sire Ote,' seide the fals knight, ' lat be thi curs ; By God, for thy wordes he schal fare the wurs ; 710 To the kynges prisoun anon he is y-nome, And ther he schal abyde til the justice come.' ' Parde ! ' seyde sir Ote, ' better it schal be, I bidde him to mayinpris, that thou graunt him me, Til the nexte sittyng of delyveraunce, And thanne lat Gamelyn stande to his chaunce.' ' Brother, in swich a forthward I take him to the ; And by thi fader soule, that the bygat and me, But-if he be redy whan the justice sitte, Thou schalt bere the juggement for al thi grete

witte.' 750

' I graunte wel,' seide sir Ote, ' that it so be. Let delyver him anon, and tak him to me.' Tho was Gamelyn delyvered to sire Ote his brother; And that night dwelleden that on with that other. On the morn seyde Gamelyn to sir Ote the heende, ' Brother,' he seide, ' I moot for sothe from the

wende,

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELYN. 165

To loke how my yonge men leden here lyf, Whether they lyven in joie or elles in stryf.' ' Be God !' seyde sire Ote, ' that is a cold reed, Now I see that al the cark schall fallen onmynheed ; For whan the justice sitte, and thou be nought

i-foundc, 761

I schal anon be take, and in thy stede i-bounde.' ' Brother,' sayde Gamelyn, ' dismaye the nought, For by seint Jame in Gales, that many man hath

sought, If that God almighty hold my lyf and witt, I wil be ther redy whan the justice sitt,' Than seide sir Ote to Gamelyn, ' God schilde the

fro schame ; Com whan thou seest tyme, and bring us out of

blame.' Litheth, and lestneth, and holdeth you stille, And ye schul here how Gamelyn had al his wille. Gamelyn wente ayein under woode rys, -n

And fond there pleying yonge men of prys. Tho was yonge Gamelyn glad and blithe ynough, Whan he fond his mery men under woode bough. Gamelyn and his men talked in feere, And they haddc good game here maister to heere ; They tolden him of aventures that they hadde

founde, And Gamelyn hem tolde ayein how he was fast

i-bounde. Whil Gamelyn was outlawed, had he no cors ; There was no man that for him ferde the wors, tso But abbotes and priours, monk and chanoun ; On hem left he nothing whan he might hem nomc. Whil Gamelyn and his men made merthes ryve,

10(5 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

The fals knight his brother, yvel mot he thryve ! For he was fast about bothe day and other, For to hyre the quest, to hangen his brother. Gamelyn stood on a day, and as he biheeld The woodes and the schawes»in the wilde feeld, He thought on his brother how he him beheet That he wolde be redy whan the justice seet ; 790 He thoughte wel that he wolde, withoute delay, Come afore the justice to kepen his day, And seide to his yonge men, ' Dighteth you yare, For whan the justice sitt, we moote be thare, For I am under borwe til that I come, And my brother for me to prisoun schal be nome.' ' By seint Jame !' seyde his yonge men, ' and thou

rede therto, Ordeyne how it schal be, and it schal be do.' Whil Gamelyn was comyng ther the justice sat, The fals knight his brother, foryat he nat that, aoo To huyre the men on his quest to hangen his brother ; Though he hadde nought that oon, he wolde have

that other. Tho cam Gamelyn fro under woode rys, And broughte with him his yonge men of prys.

' I se wel,' seyde Gamelyn, ' the justice is sette ; Go aforn, Adam, and loke how it spette.' Adam went into the halle, and loked al aboute, He seyh there stonde lordes gret and stoute, And sir Ote his brother fetered wel fast : Tho went Adam out of halle, as he were agast. sio Adam said to Gamelyn and to his felaws alle, ' Sir Ote stant i-fetered in the moot halle.' ' Yonge men,' seide Gamelyn, 'this ye heercn alle; Sire Ote stant i-fetered in the moot halle.

THE CORES TALE OF GAMELYN. 167

If God yif us grace wel for to doo,

He schal it abegge that broughte him thertoo.'

Thanne sayde Adam, that lokkes hadde hore,

< Cristes curs most he have that him bond so sore !

And thou wilt, Gamelyn, do after my red, sw

Ther is noon in the halle schal bere away his heed.'

' Adam,' seyde Gamelyn, ' we wilne nought don so,

We wil slee the giltyf, and lat the other go.

I wil into the halle, and with the justice speke ;

On hem that ben gultyf I wil ben awreke.

Lat non skape at the dore; take, yonge men, yeme;

For I wil be justice this day domes to deme.

God spede me this day at my newe werk !

Adam, com on with me, for thou schalt be my clerk.'

His men answereden him and bade him doon his

best, ' And if thou to us have neede, thou schalt fynde

us prest ; 83°

We wiln stande with the, whil that we may dure, And but we werke manly, pay us non hure. ' Yonge men/ seyde Gamelyn, ' so mot I wel the ! As trusty a maister ye schal fynde of me.' Right there the justice sat in the halle, In wente Gamelyn amonges hem alle.

Gamelyn leet unfetere his brother out of beendc. Thanne seyde sir Ote, his brother that was heende, < Thou haddest almost, Gamelyn, dwelled to longe, For the quest is oute on me, that I schulde honge.' ' Brother,' seyde Gamelyn/ so Godyif me good rest ! This day they schuln ben hanged that ben on thy

quest ; And the justice bothe that is jugges man, And the scherreve bothe, thurgh him it bigan.'

1()8 THE CANTERBURY TALES

Than seyde Gamelyn to the justise, ' Now is thy power y-don, thou most nedes arise ; Thow hast ycven domes that ben yvel dight, I wil sitten in thy sete, and dressen hem aright.' The justice sat stille, and roos nought anoon ; And Gamelyn clcvede his eheeke boon ; 850

Gamelyn took him in his arm, and no more spak, But threw him over the barre, and his arm to-brak. Durste non to Gamelyn seye but good, For-fered of the company that withoute stood. Gamelyn sette him doun in the justices sete, And sire Ote his brother by him, and Adam at his

feet. Whan Gamelyn was i-set in the justices stede, Herkneth of a bourde that Gamelyn dede. He leet fetre the justice and his fals brother, And dede hem come to the barre, that oon with

that other. 860

Tho Gamelyn hadde thus y-doon, had he no rest, Til he had enquered who was on the quest For to dome his brother, sir Ote, for to honge ; Er he wiste which they were he thoughte ful longe. But as sone as Gamelyn wiste wher they were, lie dede hem everichone fetere in feere, And bringen hem to the barre, and sette hem in

rewe ; ' By my faith !' seyde the justice, ' the scherreve

is a schrcwe.' Than seyde Gamelyn to the justise, ' Thou hast y-yeve domes of the wors assise, 870 And the twelve sisours that weren of the queste, They schul ben hanged this day, so have I reste.' Thanne seide the scherreve to yonge Gamelyn,

THE COKES TALE OF GAMELYN. 1G0

1 Lord I crie the mercy, brother art thou myn.' ' Therfore,' seyde Gamelyn, 'have thou Cristes curs, For and thou were maister,yitl schulde have wors.' Butfortomake short tale, and nought to tarie longe, He ordeyned him a queste of his men so stronge ; The justice and the scherreve bothc honged hye, To weyven with ropes and with the wynd drye ; And the twelve sisours, sorwe have that rekke ! 88i Alle they were hanged faste by the nekke. Thus ended the fals knight with his treccherie, That ever had i-lad his lyf in falsnes and folye ; He was hanged by the nek, and nought by the purs, That was the meede that he had for his fadres curs. Sir Ote was eldest, and Gamelyn was ying, They wen ten with here freendes even to thekyng; They made pees with the kyng of the best assise. The kyng loved wel sir Ote, and made him a justise. And after the kyng made Gamelyn, both in est and

West, 891

Chef justice of al his frc forest ;

Alle his wighte yongc men the kyng foryaf here gilt,

And sitthen in good office the kyng hem hath i-pilt.

Thus wan Gamelyn his lond and his leede,

And wrak him of his enemys, and quyt hem here

meede, And sire Ote his brother made him his heir, And siththen wedded Gamelyn a wyf bothe good

and feyr ; They lyveden togidere whil that Crist wolde, And sithen was Gamelyn graven under molde. 9co And so schal we alle, may ther no man fie : God bryng us to the joye that ever schal be !

Amen !

170 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

THE MAN OF LAWES PROLOGE.

^WRE Hoste sawh that the brighte Sonne The arke of his artificial day hath i-ronne

The fourthe part, of half an hour and more ;

And though he were nat depe expwt in lore, He wist it was the eightetene day Of April, that is messanger to May ; And sawe wel that the schade of every tree Was in the lengthc the same quantite That was the body erecte, that caused it; And therfore by the schadwe he took his wit, 10 That Phebus, which that schoon so fair and brighte, Degrees was five and fourty clombe on highte ; And for that day, as in that latitude, Hit was ten of the clokke, he gan conclude ; And sodeynly he plight his hors aboute. ' Lordynges,' quod he, ' I warne you al the route, The fourthe party of this day is goon ; Now, for the love of God and of seint Jon, Leseth no tymc, as/crforth as ye may, Lordynges, the tyme passeth night and day, 20 And stelith fro us, what pryvely slepyng, And what thurgh necligence in oure wakyng, As doth the streem, that torneth never agayn, Descendyng fro the mounteyn into playn. Wel can Senek and many philosopher Bywaylen time, more than gold in cofre. For losse of catel may recovered be, But losse of tyme schendeth us, quod he.

THE MAN OF LAWES PROLOGE. 171

It wil nat come agayn, withoute drede, Nomore than wol Malkyns maydenhede, 30

Whan sche hadde lost it in hir wantowncsse. Let us nat mowlen thus in ydelnesse.

' Sir Man of Lawe,' quod he, ' so have ye blissc, Telle us a tale anon, as forward ys. Ye be submitted thurgh your fre assent To stonden in this cas at my juggemcnt, Acquyteth yow, and holdeth youre byheste ; Than have ye doon your devour atte leste.'

' Host,' quod he, ' De par Dieux I assente, To breke forward is nat myn entent. 40

Byheste is dette, and I wol holde fayn Al my byhest, I can no better sayn. For such lawe as a man yeveth another wight, He schuld himselve usen hit by right. Thus wol oure text : but natheles certeyn I can right now non other tale seyn, That Chaucer, they he can but lewedly On metres and on rymyng certeynly, Hath seyd hem in such Englisch as he can Of olde tyme, as knoweth many man. 50

And yif he have nought sayd hem, leevc brother, In 0 bok, he hath seyd hem in another. For he hath told of lovers up and doun, Moo than Ovide made of mencioun In his Epistelles, that ben so olde. What schuld I tellen hem, syn they be tolde ? In youthe he made of Coys and Alcioun, And siththe hath he spoke of everychon These noble wyfes, and these lovers eeke, Who-so wole his large volume seeke, 60

Cleped the scintes legendes of Cupidc ;

172 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Ther may he sec the large woundes wyde

Of Luercsse, and of Babiloun Tysbee ;

The sorwe of Dido for the fals Enee ;

The tree of Philles for hir Demephon ;

The pleynt of Dyane and of Ermyon,

Of Adrian, and of Ysyphilee ;

The barreyn yle stondyng in the see ;

The drcynt Leandere for his fayre Erro ;

The teeres of Eleyn, and eek the woo 70

Of Bryxseyde, and of Ledomia ;

The crueltc of the queen Medea,

The litel children hangyng by the hals,

For thilke Jason, that was of love so fals.

0 Ypcrmystre, Penollope, and Alceste,

Youre wyfhood he comendeth with the beste.

But certeynly no worde writeth he

Of thilke wikked cnsample of Canace,

That loved hir OAven brother synfully ;

On whichc corsed stories I seye fy ! so

Or elles of Tyro Appoloneus,

How that the cursed kyng Anteochus

Byreft his daughter of hir maydenhcde.

That is so horrible a tale as man may reecle,

Whan he hir threw upon the pament.

And therfore he of ful avysement

Wolde never wryte in non of his sermouns

Of such unkyndc abhominaciouns ;

Ne I wol non reherse, if that I may.

But of my tale how schal I do this day ? 90

Me were loth to be lykned douteles

To Muses, that men clepen Pyerides.

(Mdhamorphoseos wot what I mene);

But nathclcs I recchc 11 at a bene,

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 173

They I come after him with hawe-bake, I speke in prose, and let him rymes make.' And with that word, he with a sobre cheere Bygan his tale, as ye schal after heere.

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE.

HATEFUL harm, condieion of povert, With thurst, with cold, with honger so confoundyd, ^§»i^ To asken help it schameth in thin hert, If thou non aske, with neede so art thou woundyd, That verray neede unwrappeth al thy woundes hyd ; Maugre thyn heed thou most for indigence Or stele, or bcgge, or borwe thy dispence.

Thow blamest Crist, and seyst ful bitterly, He mysdeparteth riches temporal ; And thyn neyhebour thou wytesi synfully ; 10

And seyst thou hast to litel, and he hath al. Parfay, seystow, som tyme he rekne schal, Whan that his tayl schal brennen in the gleede, For he nought helpeth the needful in his neede.

Herkneth what is the sentens of the wyse, Bet is to dye than haven indigence ; Thy-selve neyghebour wol the despyse, If thou be pore, farwel thy reverence. Yet of the wyse man tak this sentence, Alle the dayes of pore men be wikke ; 20

Be war therfore or thou come to that prikke.

If thou be pore, thy brother hateth the, And alle thy frendes fleeth fro the, alias !

174 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

0 riche marchaundz, ful of wele be ye,

0 noble prudent folk as in this cas, Youre bagges beth nat fuld with ambes aas,

But with sys synk, that renneth on your chaunce ■ At Crystemasse wel mery may ye daunee.

Ye seeke land and see for your wynnynges, As wyse folk as ye knowe alle thastates 30

Of regnes, ye be fadres of tydynges, Of tales, bothe of pees and of debates.

1 were right now of tales desolat,

Nere that a merehaunt, gon siththen many a yere, Me taught a tale, which ye schal after heere.

In Surrie dwelled^ whilom a companye Of chapmen riche, and therto sad and trewe, That wyde-where sent her spycerye, Clothes of gold, and satyn rich of hewe. Her chaffar was so thrifty and so newe, 40

That every wight hadde deynte to chaffare With hem, and eek to selle hem of here ware.

Now fel it, that the maystres of that sort Han schapen hem to Rome for to wende, Were it for chapmanhode or for disport, Non other message nolde they thider sende, But came hemself to Rome, this is the ende ; And in such place as thought hem avauntage For here entent, they tooke her herburgage.

Sojourned have these marchauntz in the toun 50 A certeyn tyme, as fel to here plesaunce. But so bifell, that thexcellent renoun Of themperoures doughter dame Custaunce Reported was, with every circumstaunce, Unto these Surrienz marchauntz, in such wyse Fro day to day, as I schal you devyse.

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 175

This was the comyn voys of every man : ' Oure emperour of Rome, God him see ! A doughter hath, that, sith the world bygan, To rekne as wel hir goodnes as her bewk;, 60

Nas never such another as was sche. I prey to God hir save and susteene, And wolde sche were of al Europe the queene.

' In hire is hye bewte, withoute pryde ; Yowthe, withoute gref hed or folye ; To alle here werkes vertu is hire gyde ; Humblesse hath slayne in hir tyrrannye ; Sche is myrour of alle curtesye, Hir herte is verrey chambre of holynesse, Hir hond mynistre of fredom and almesse.' 70

And al this voys is soth, as God is trewe. But now to purpos let us turne ayein : These marchantz have don fraught here schippes

newe, And whan they have this blisful mayde seyn, Home to Surrey be they went ayein, And doon here needes, as they have don yore, And lyven in wele, I can you saye no more.

Nowfel it, that these marchauntz stooden in grace Of him that was the sowdan of Surrye. For whan they come fro eny straunge place, 80 He wolde of his benigne curtesye Make hem good eh ere, and busily aspye Tydynges of sondry regnes, for to lere The wordes that they mighte seen and heere.

Among other thinges specially These marchauntz him told of dame Constaunce So gret noblesse, in ernest so ryally, That this sowdan hath caught so gret plesaunce

176 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

To have hir figure in his remembraunce,

That al his lust, and al his bcsy cure, oo

Was for to love hir, whiles his lyf may dure.

Paraventure in thilke large booke, Which that is cleped the heven, i-write was With sterres, whan that he his burthe took, That he for love schulde have his deth, alias ! For in the sterres, clerere than is glas, Is wryten, God woot, who-so eowthe it rede, The deth of every man, withouten drede.

In sterres many a wynter therbyfore, Was write the deth of Ector and Achilles, 100

Of Pompe, Julius, er they were i-borc ; The stryf of Thebes, and of Ercules, Of Sampson, Turnus, and of Socrates The deth ; but mennes wittes ben so dullc, That no wight can wel rede it at the fulle.

This sowdan for his pryve counseil sente, And schortly of this mater for to pace, He hath to hem declared his entente, And seyd him certeyn, but he might have grace To have Constance withinne a litel space, no

He nas but deed, and charged hem in hyghe To schapen for his lyf som remedye.

Dyverse men diveres thinges seyde, The argumentes casten up and down ; Many a subtyl resoun forth they leyden ; They spekyn of magike, and of ambusioun ; But finally, as in conclusioun, They can nought seen in that non avauntage, Ne in non other wey, save in mariagc.

Then sawghe they therein such difficulte 120 By wey of resoun, to speke it al playn,

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 177

Bycause that ther was such dyversite

Bitwen here bothe lawes, as they sayn,

They trowe that ' no cristen prince wolde fayn

Wedden his child under our lawe swete,

That us was taught by Mahoun oure prophete.'

And he answerde : ' Rather than I lese Constance, I wol be cristen doubtelcs ; I moot be heres, I may non other cheese ; I pray you haldeth your arguments in pecs, 130 Saveth my lyf, and beth nat recheles. Goth, geteth hire that my lyf in cure, For in this wo I may no lenger dure.' What needeth gretter dilatacioun ? I say, by tretys and ambassatrye, And by the popes mediacioun, And al the chirche, and al the chyvalryc, That in destruccioun of mawmetrye, And in encresse of Cristes lawe deere, They ben. acordid, as ye schal after heere, no

How that the soudan and his baronage, And alle his lieges schuld i-crystncd be, And he schal have Constance in mariage, And certeyn gold, I not what quantite, And therfore founden they suffisant scurtc. This same acord was sworn on every sydc ; Now, fair Constance, almighty God the guyde !

Now wolde som men wayten, as I gessc, That I schuldc tcllen al the purvyaunce, That thcmperour of his gret noblesse i^Q

Hath schapen for his doughter dame Constauncc. Wei may men knowe that so gret ordynaunce May no man telle in so litel a clause, As was arrayed for so high a cause. vol. n. N

178 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Bisschops ben schapen with hir for to wcnde, Lordes, ladyes, and knightes of renoun, And other folk ynowe, this is the ende. And notefied is thurghout the toun, That every wight with gret dcvocioun Schulde preye Crist, that he this mariage ieo

Receyve in gree, and spcde this viage. The day is come of hire departyng, (I say the woful day fatal is come) That ther may be no longer tarryyng, But forthe-ward they dresse hem alle and some. Constance, that Avith sorwe is overcome, Ful pale arist, and dresseth hir to wende. For wel sche saugh ther nas non other ende.

Alias ! what wonder is it though sche wepte, That schal be sent to so straunge nacioun, 170

Fro freendes, that so tenderly hir kepte, And to be bounde undur subjeccioun Of oon sche knew nat his condicioun ? Housbondes ben al goode, and ban be yore ; That knowen wyfes, I dar saye no more.

' Fader,' sche seide, ' thy wrecched child Cons- taunce, Thy yonge doughter fostred up so softe, And ye, my mooder, my soverayn plesaunce Over al thing, outaken Criste on lofte, Constaunce your child hir recomaundeth ofte leo Unto your grace ; for I schal into Surrye, Nc schal I never see you more with ye.

' Alias ! unto the Barbre nacioun I most anoon, sethens it is your willc : But Crist, that starf for our rcdempcioun, So yeve me grace his hestes to fulfille, I, wrecched womman, no fors they I spille !

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 179

Wommen ben born to thraldam and penaunce, And to ben under mannes governaunce.'

I trowe at Troye whan Pirrus brak the wal, 190 Or Yleon that brende Thebes the citee, Ne at Rome for the harme thurgh Hanibal, That Romayns han venquysshed tymes thre, Nas herd such tender wepyng for pite, As in the chambur was for hir partynge ; But forth sche moot, whether sche weep or syngc.

0 firste mevyng cruel firmament, With thi diurnal swough that crowdest ay, And hurlest al fro est to Occident. That naturelly wold hold another way ; 200

Thyn crowdyng sette the heven in such array At the bygynnyng of this fiers viage, That cruel Martz hath slayn this marriage.

Infortunat ascendent tortuous, Of which the lordes helples falle, alias ! Out of his angle into the derkest hous. 0 Mariz Attezere, as in this caas ; 0 feeble moone, unhappy been thi paas, Thou knettest the ther thou art nat receyvcd, Ther thou wer wel fro thennes artow weyved. 210

Inprudent cmperour of Rome, alias ! Was ther no philosopher in al thy toun ? Is no tyme bet than other in such caas ? Of viage is ther noon eleccioun. Namly to folk of heigh condicioun, Nought whan a roote is of a birthe i-knowe ? Alias ! we ben to lewed, and eek to slowe.

To schippc is brought this woful faire maydc Solempnely, with every circumstaunce. ' Now Jhesu Crist so be with you,' she sayde. 220 Ther nys nomor, but farwcl, fair Custaunce ;

180 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

She pcyneth hire to make good contienaunce. And forth I lete hire sayle in this manerc, And torne I wol ayein to my matiere.

The moder of the sawdan, ful of vices, Aspyed hath hir sones playn entente, How he wol lete his oldc sacrifices ; And right anoon sche for hir counseil sente ; And they ben come, to kaowe what sche mente ; And whan assembled was this folk in fere, 230 Sche sette hir doun, and sayd as ye schal heerc.

' Lordes,' quod sche, ' ye knowen everichon, How that my sone in poynt is for to lete The holy lawes of our Alkaroun, Yeven by Goddes messangere Makamete ; But oon avow to grete God I hete, The lyf schulde rather out of my body sterte, Or Makametes law go out of myn herte.

' What schal us tyden of this newe lawe But thraldam to oure body and penaunce, i'4o

And afterward in helle to be drawe, For we reneyede Mahound oure creaunce ? But, lordes, wol ye maken assuraunce, As I schal say, assentyng to my lore ? And I schal make us sauf for evermore.'

They sworcn and assenten every man To lyfe with hir and dye, and by hir stonde ; And everich in the beste wise he can To strengthen hir schal al his frendes fonde. And sche hath emperise take on honde, 250

Which ye schul heere that I schal devyse, And to hem alle sche spak in this wyse :

' We schul first feyne ous cristendom to take ; Cold watir schal nat greve us but a lite ;

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 181

And I schal such a fest and revel make, That, as I trow, I schal the sowdan quyte. For though his wyf be cristned never so white, Sche schal have need to waissche away the rede, They sche a font of watir with hir ledc.'

0 sowdones, root of iniquite 200

Virago thou Semyram the secounde ; 0 serpent under feminite, Lyk to the serpent deep in helle i-bounde ; 0 feyned womman, alle that may confounde Vertu and innocence, thurgh thy malice, Is bred in the, as nest of every vice.

0 Satan, envyous syn thilke day That thou were chased fro oure heritage, Wei knewest thou to wommen the olde way. Thou madest Eve to bryng us in servage, 270

Thou wolt fordoon this cristen manage. Tliyn instrument so (weylaway the while !) Makestow of wommen whan thou wolt bygyle.

This sowdones, whom I thus blame and wary Let pryvely hir counseil gon his way ; What schuld I in this tale lenger tary ? Sche rideth to the sowdan on a day, And seyd him, that sche wolde reney hir lay, And cristendam of prestes handes fonge, Repentyng hir sche hethen was so longe ; 2so

Bysechyng him to doon hir that honour, That sche most have the cristen men to feste ; ' To plesen hem I wil do my labour.' The sawdan seith, ' I wol do at your heste,' And knelyng, thanketh hir of that requeste ; 80 glad he was, he nyst nat what to seye. Sche kyst hir sone, and horn sche goth hir weye.

182 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Arryved ben the eristen folke to londe In Surry, with a gret solempne route, And hastily this soudan sent his sonde, 200

First to his moder, and al the regne aboute, And seyd, his wyf was comen out of doute, And preyeth hir for to ride ayein the queene, The honour of his regne to susteene.

Gret was the prees, and riche was tharray Of Surriens and Romayns mette in feere. The moodur of the sowdan riche and gay Receyved hir with al so glad a cheere, As eny moodir might hir doughter deere ; And to the nexte eitee ther bysyde soo

A softe paas solempnely thay ryde.

Nought trow I the triumphe of Julius, Of which that Lukan maketh moche bost, Was ryaller, ne more curious, Than was thassemble of this blisful oost. But this scorpioun, this wikkcd goost, The sowdones, for al hir flateryngtf, Cast under this fid mortally to stynge.

The sawdan comth himself sone after tins So really, that wonder is to telle ; mo

And welcometh hir with al joy and blys. And thus with mirth and joy I let hem dwclle. The fruyt of this matier is that I telle. Whan tyme com, men thought it for the best That revel stynt, and men goon to her rest.

The tyme com, the olde sowdonesse Ordeyned hath this fest of which I tolde ; And to the feste eristen folk hem dresse In generate, bothe yong and olde. Ther men may fest and realte byholdo, 320

THE MAN OF LAVES TALE. 183

And deyntes mo than I can of devyse,

But al to deere they bought it ar they ryse.

0 sodeyn wo ! that ever art successour To worldly blis, spreynd is with bitternesse The ende of oure joye, of oure worldly labour ; Wo oecupieth the fyn of oure gladnesse. Herken this counscil for thyn sikerncsse ; Upon thyn glade dayes have in thi mynde The unwar woo that cometh ay bihynde.

For sehortly for to tellen at o word, ssfi

The sawdan and the cristen everichone Ben al to-hewe and stiked atte bord, But it were dame Constaunce allone. This olde sowdones, this cursede crone, Hath with hir frendes doon this cursede dede, For sche hirself wold al the contre lede.

No ther was Surrien noon that was converted, That of the counseil of the sawdon woot,

That he nas al to-hewe or he asterted ;

And Constaunce have they take anon foot-hoot, 340

And in a schippe, stereles, God it woot,

They have hir set, and bad hir lerne to sayle

Out of Surry ayein-ward to Ytaile.

A certein trcsour that sche thider ladde,

And, soth to sayn, vitaile gret plente,

They have hir yeven, and clothes eek sche hadde,

And forth sche sayleth in the salte see.

0 my Constaunce, ful of benignite,

O emperoures yonge doughter deere,

He that is Lord of fortun be thi steere ! 3.-o

Sche blesseth hir, and with ful pitous voys

Unto the croys of Crist than scyde sche :

' 0 cler, 0 welful auter, holy croys,

184 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Red of the lambes blood, ful of pite. That wissh the world fro old iniquite, Me fro the feend and fro his elowes keepe. That day that I schal drenchen in the deepe.

' Victorious tre, proteccioun of trewe, That oonly were worthy for to here That Kyng of Heven, with his woundes newe, seo The white Lambe, that hurt was with a spere ; Flemer of feendes, out of him and here On which thy lymes feithfully extenden, Me kepe, and yif me might my lyf to mendeu.'

Yeres and dayes flette this creature Thurghout the sec of Grece, into the strayte Of Marrok, as it was hir adventure. 0 many a sory mele may sche bayte, After hir deth ful ofte may sche wayte, Or that the wilde wawe wol hir dryve 370

Unto the place ther as sche schal arryve.

Men mighten aske, why sche was nought slayn ? Ek at the fest who might hir body save ? And I answere that demaunde agayn, Who savede Daniel in thorrible cave. That every wight, sauf he, mayster or knave, Was with the lioun fretc, or he asterte ? Ne wight but God, that he bar in his herte.

God lust to schewe his wondurful miracle In hir, for we schulde seen his mighty werkes ; Crist, which that is to every harm triacle, 381

By certeyne mencs ofte, as knowen elerkes. Doth thing for certeyn ende, that ful derk is To mannes witt, that for our ignoraunee Ne can nought knowe his prudent purvyaunce.

Now sith sche was nat at the fest i-slawe, Who kepte hir fro drenching in the see ?

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 185

Who kepte Jonas in tho fisehes mawe,

Til he was spouted up at Ninive ?

Wei may men knowe, it was no wight but He 300

That kepte the pepul Ebrayk fro her drenchyng,

With drye feet thurghout the see passyng.

Who bad foure spiritz of tempest, That power han to noyen land and see, Bothe north and south, and also west and est, Anoyew neyther londe, see, ne tree ? Sothly the comaunder of that was He That fro the tempest ay this womman kepte, As wel when sche awok as when sehe sleptc.

Wher might this womman mete anddrinke have? Thro yer and more, how lasteth hir vitaille ? 401 Who fedde the Egipcien Marie in the cave, Or in desert? no wight but Crist saunz faile. Fyf thousand folk, it was gret mervaile With loves fyf and fissches tuo to feede ; God sent his foysoun at her grete neede.

Sche dryveth forth into oure occean Thurghout oure wilde see, til atte laste Under an holte, that nempnen / ne can, Fer in Northumberland, the wawe hir caste, 410 And in the sand the schip stykede so faste, That thennes wold it nought in al a tyde ; The wille of Crist was that sche sehold abyde.

The constabil of the castel doun is fare To se this wrak, and al the schip he sough te, And fond this wery womman ful of care ; He fand also the tresour that sche brought^ : In hir langage mercy sche bisoughte, The lif o\it of her body for to twynne, Hir to delyver of woo that sche was inne. 420

A manor Latyn corupt was hir speche,

186 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

But algates therby sche was understonde. The constabil, whan him luste no lenger seche. This woful womman broughtc he to londe. Sche kneleth doun, and thanketh Goddes sonde But what sche was, sche wolde no man seye For foul ne faire, though sche scholde deye.

Sche was, sche seyde, so mased in the see, That sche forgat hir mynde, by hire trowthe. The constable had of hir so gret pitee, 430

And eek his wyf, they wcpeden for routhe ; Sche was so diligent withouten slouthe To serve and plese ever in that place, That alle hir loven that loken on hir face.

The constable and dame Hermegyld his wyf, To telle you playne, payenes bothe were ; But Hermegyld loved Constance as hir lyf ; And Constance hath so long herberwed there In orisoun, with many a bitter teere, Til Jhesu hath converted thurgh his grace 1 10 Dame Hermegyld, the constables wif of the place.

In al the lonrt no cristen men durste route ; Al eristen men ben fled from that contre Thurgh payens, that conquered al aboute The places of the north by land and sec. To Wales fled the eristianite Of olde Britouns, dwellyng in this yle ; Ther was hir refut for the mene while.

But yit nere cristen Britouns so exiled, That ther nere some in here pryvite 450

Honourede Christ, and hethen folk bygiled ; And neigh the castel such ther dwellide thre. That oon of hem was blynd, and mighte nat se, But-if it were with eyen of his mynde,

THE MAN OF LA WES TALE. 187

With which men seen after that they ben blynde.

Bright was the sonne, as in someres clay, For which the constable and his wif also And Constaunce hadde take the righte way Toward the see, a forlong wey or two, To ploy en, and to romen to and fro ; 460

And in that walk this blynde man they mette, Croked and olde, with eyen fast y-schettc.

' In name of Crist,' cryede this old Britoun, ' Dame Hermegyld, yif me my sight ayeyn !' This lady wax affrayed of the soun, Lest that hir houseband, schortly to sayn, Wold hir for Jhesn Cristes love have slayn, Til Constaunce made hir bold, and bad hir werche The wil of Crist, as doughter of holy chirehe.

The constable wax abaisshed of that sight, 170 And sayde, ' What amounteth al this fare?' Constaunce answerede, ' Sir, it is Cristes might, That helpeth folk out of the feendes snare.' And so ferforth sche gan hir lay declare. That sche the constable, er that it was eve Converted, and on Crist made him bileve.

This constable Was not lord of the place Of which I speke, ther he Constance fond, But kept it strongly many a wynter space Under Alia, kyng of Northumberlond, 430

That was ful wys, and worthy of his bond, Ayein the Scottes, as men may wel heere. But tourne ayein I wil to my mateere.

Satan, that ever us wayteth to begile, Sawe of Constaunce al hir pe?f eccioun. And cast anoon how he mighte quyt hir while ; And made a yong knight, that dwelt in the toun,

188 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Love hir so hoot of foul affeeeioun,

That verrayly him thought he schulde spille,

But he of hire oones had his wille. 490

He wowith hir, but it avayleth nought, Sche wolde do no synne by no weye ; And for despyt, he compassed in his thought To maken hir a schamful deth to deye. He wayteth whan the constable was aweye, And pryvyly upon a nyght he crepte In Hermyngyldes ehambrc whil sche slepto.

Wery, for-waked in here orisoun, Slepcth Constaunce, and Hermyng3'ld also. This knight, thurgh Satanas temptacioun, soo

Al softely is to the bed y-go, And kutte the throte of Hermegild a-two, And leyde the bloody knyf by dame Constaunce, And went his way, ther God yeve him meschaunce.

Sone after comth this constable horn agayn, And eek Alia, that was kyng of that lond. And say his wyf dispitously i-slayn, For which ful oft he wept and wrong his hond ; And in the bed the blody knyf he fond By Dame Custaunce : alias ! what mights she say ? For verray woo hir witt was al away. 511

To king Alia was told al this meschaunce, And eek the tyme, and wher, and eek the wyse That in a schip was founden this Constaunce, As here bifore ye have herd me devyse. The kinges hert of pite gan agrise, Whan he saugh so benigno a creature Falle in disese and in mysaventure.

For as the lomb toward his deth is brought. .So stant this innocent bifore the kyng. .r>20

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 189

This false knight, that hath this tresoun wrought, Bereth hir an hand that sche hath don this thing ; But nevertheles ther was gret mornyng Among the people, and seyn they can not gesse That sche hadde doon so gret a wikkednesse.]

For they han seyen hir so vertuous, And lovyng Hermegyld right as hir lyf ; Of this bar witnesse everich in that hous, . Save he that slowgh Hermegyld with his knyf. This gentil kyng hath caught a gret motyf 530 Of his witnesse, and thought he wold enquere Ueppere in this cas, a trouthe to lere.

Alias ! Constauncc, thou ne has no ehampioun, Ne fighte canstow nat, so welaway ! But He that for oure redempcioun Bonde Sathan, that yit lith ther he lay, So be thy stronge ehampioun this day ; For but Crist upon the miracle kythe, . Withouten gilt thou schalt be slayn as swithe. 539

Sche set hir doun on knees, and than sche sayde ' Immortal God, that savedest Susanne Fro false blame ; and thou, mercyful mayde, Mary I mene, doughtcr of seint Anne, Bifore whos child aungeles syng Osanne ; If I be gultles of this felonye, My socour be, for clles schal I dye !'

Have ye not seye som tyme a pale face, Among a prees, of him that hath be lad Toward his deth, wher him geyneth no grace, And such a colour in his face hath had, ooo

Men mighte knowe his face was so bystad, Among alle the faces in that route ; So stant Constance, and loketh hire about.

190 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

0 queenes lyvyng in prosperity Duchesses, and ye ladies every chon, Haveth som reuthe on hir adversite ; An emperoures doughter stond allon ; Sche nath no wight to whom to make hir moon ; 0 blod ryal, that stondest in this drede, Ferre be thy frendes at thy grete neede ! 560

This Alia kyng hath such compassioun, As gentil hert is fulfild of pite, That from his eyen.ran the water doun. ' Now hastily do fech a book/ quod he ; ' And if this knight wil swere how that scho This womman slowgh, yet wol we us avyse, Whom that we wille schal be oure justise.'

A Britoun book, i-write with Evaungiles, Was fette, and on this book he swor anoon Sche gultif was ; and in the mene whiles 570

An hond him smot upon the nekke boon, That doun he fel anon right as a stoon ; And bothe his yen brast out of his face, In sight of every body in that place.

A vois was herd, in general audience, And seide, ' Thou hast disclaundrcd gulteles The doughter of holy chirche in hire presence ; Thus hastow doon, and yit I holde my pees?' Of this mcrvaile agast was al the prees, As mased folk they stooden everychon eso

For drede of wrcche, save Custaunce allon.

Gret was the drede and eck the repentauncc Of hem that hadden wrong suspeccioun Upon the sely innocent Custaunce ; And for this miracle, in conclusioun, And by Custaunces mediacioun,

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 191

The kyng, and many other in the place, Converted was, thanked be Cristes grace !

This false knight was slayn for his untrouthe By juggement of Alia hastyly ; 590

And yit Custaunce hath of his deth gret routhe. And after this Jhesus of his mercy Made Alia wedde ful solempnely This holy mayde, that is bright and schene, And thus hath Crist i-maad Constance a queene.

But who was woful, if I schal not lye, Of this weddyng but Domegild and no mo, The kynges moocler, ful of tyrannye ? Hir thought hir cursed herte brast a-two ; Sche wolde nat hir sone had i-do so ; Geo

Hir though te despyte, that he schulde take So straunge a creature unto his make.

Me lust not of the caf ne of the stree Make so long a tale, as of the corn. What schuld I telle of the realte Of this manage, or which cours goth biforn, Who bloweth in a trompe or in an horn ? The fruyt of every tale is for to seye ; They ete and drynk, and daunce and synge and pleye.

They gon to bed, as it was skile and right ; 610 For though that wyfes ben ful holy thinges, They moste take in pacience a-night Such njaner necessaries as ben plesyngcs To folk that ban i -wedded hem with rynges, And halvendel her holynesse ley aside As for the tyme, it may non other bctyde.

On hire he gat a knave child anoon, And to a bisschope, and to his constable eeke,

192 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

He took his wyf to kepe, whan he is goon

To Scotlond-ward, his foomen for to seeke. 620

Now faire Custaunce, that is so humble and meeke,

So long is goon with childe til that stille

Schc held hir chambre, abidyng Goddes wille.

The tyme is come, a knave childe sche bere ; Mauricius atte funstone men him calle. This constabil doth come forth a messager, And wrot to his kyng that cleped was Alio, How that this blisful tydyng is bifalle, And other thinges spedful for to seye. He taketh the lettro, and forth he goth his weye.

This messanger, to doon his avauntage, 631

Unto the kynges moder he goth ful swithe, And salueth hire fair in his langage. ' Madame,' quod he, ' ye may be glad and blithe, And thanke God an hundred thousand sithe ; My lady queen hath child, withouten doute To joye and blis of al the reame aboute.

' Lo heer the lettres sealed of this thing, That I mot bere with al the hast I may ; If ye wole ought unto youre sone the kyng, 640 I am youre servaunt bothe night and day.' Doungyld answerde, ' As now this tyme, nay ; But here al nyght I wol thou take thy rest, To morwen I wil saye the what me lest.'

This messanger drank sadly ale and wyn, And stolen were his lettres pryvely Out of his box, whil he sleep as a swyn ; And countrefeet they were subtily ; Another sche him wroot ful synfully, Unto the kyng direct of this matierc 650

Fro his constable, as ye schul after heere.

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 193

The lettre spak, the queen delyvered was Of so orryble and feendby creature, That in the castel noon so hardy was That eny while dorste therin endure ; The mooder was an elf by aventure Bycome by charmcs or by sorcerie, And every man hatith hir companyne.

Wo was this kyng whan he this letter hadde sein, But to no wight he told his sorwes sore, ceo

But of his owen hand he wrot agayn : ' Welcome the sond of Crist for everemore To mo, that am now lerned in this lore ; Lord, welcome be thy lust and thy pleasaunce ' My lust I putte al in thyn ordinaunce.

' Kepeth this child, al be it foul or fair, And eek my wyf, unto myn hom comyng ; Crist whan him lust may sende me an hair More agreable than this to my Jikyng.' This lettre he seleth, pryvyly wepyng, 070

Which to the messager he took ful sone, And forth he goth, thcr nys no more to done.

0 messager, fulfild of dronkencsse, Strong is thy breth, thy lymes faltrcn ay, And thou bywreyest alio sj'kcrnesso ; Thy myndc is lorn, thou janglcst as a jay ; Thy face is toimed al in a ncwe array ; Ther drunkcnesse regneth in eny route, Ther is no counseil hid, withouten doute.

0 Domegyld, I have non Englisch digne 630 Unto thy malice and thy tyrannye ; And therfor to the feend 1 the resignc, Let him endytcn of thi treccherie. Fy, mannyssch, fy ! — 0 nay, by God, I lyo ;

VOL. TT. O

194 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Fy ! feendly spirit, for I dar wel telle, Though thou here walke, thy spirit is in helle.

This messanger comth fro the kyng agayn, And at the kinges modres court he lights, And sche was of this messenger ful fayn, And plescth him in al that ever sche mighte. <m He drank, and wel his gurdel undcrpighte ; He slepeth, and ho fareth in his gyse Al nyght, unto the sonne gan arise.

Eft were his lettres stolen everichon, And countrefeted lettres in this wise : ' The kyng comaundeth his constable anon, Up peync of hangyng of an heigh justise, That he he schulde suffre in no maner wyse Constaunce in his regno for to abyde Thre dayes, and a quarter of a tyde ; too

But in the same schip as he hir fond, Hire and hir yonge sone, and al hire gere, He schulde putte, and crowdc fro the londe, And charge hire that sche never eft come there.' 0 my Constaunce, wel may thy goost have fere, And siepyng in thy drem ben in penaunce, Whan Domegjdc? cast al this ordynaunce.

This messanger a-monve, whan he awook, Unto the castel held the nextc way ; And to the constable he the lettre took ; 710

And whan that he the pitous lettre say, Ful ofte he scyd alias and welaway ; ' Lord Crist,' quod he, ' how may this world endure? So ful of synne is many a creature !

0 mighty God, if that it be thy wille, Seth thou art rightful jugge, how may this be That thou wolt suffre innocentz to spille,

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 1(J5

And wikked folk regno in prosperite ?

0 good Constance, alias ! so wo is me,

That I moot be thy tormentour, or deye 720

On schamful deth, ther is non other weye.'

Wcpen bothe yong and olde in al that place, Whan that the kyng this corsed lettre sente ; And Constance with a dedly pale face The ferthe day toward hir schip sche wente. lint nevertheles sche taketh in good entente The wil of Christ, and knelyng on the groundc Sche sajTde, ' Lord, ay welcome be thy sonde !

He that me kepte fro the false blame, Whil I was on the lond amonges yon, 7.30

He can me kepe from harm and cek fro schame In the salte see, although I se nat how ; As strong as ever he was, he is right now, In him trust I, and in his mooder dcere, That is to me my sayl and eck my steerc.'

Hir litel child lay wepyng in hir arm, And knelyng pitously to him sche sayde : ' Pees, litle sone, I wol do the noon harm.' With that hir kerchef of hir hed sche brayde, And over his litel yghen sche it layde, 710

And in hir arm sche lullith it wel faste, And unto heven hir eyghen up sche caste.

' Moder,' quod sche, ' and maydc bright, Marie, Soth is, that thurgh wommannes eggement Mankynde was lorn and dampned ay to dye, For which thy child was on a cros to-rent ; Thyn blisful eyghen sawh al this torment ; Then nys ther noon comparisoun bitwene Thy wo, and any woo man may sustene*

'Thow sangli thy child i-slawe byfor thyn yen,

1'J6 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And yit now lyvcth my litcl child, parfay ; ici

Now, lady bright, to whom alio woful/c crycn, Thou glory of wommanhod, thou faire may, Thou heven of refute, brighte sterre of day, Rewe on my child, that of thyn gentilnesse Rewest on every synful in destresse.

' 0 litel child, alas ! what is thi gilt, That never wroughtest synne as yet, parde ? Why wil thyn harde fader ban the spilt ? 0 mercy, deere constable/ seydo sche, 76)

' And let my litel child here dwelle with the ; And if thou darst not saven him for blame, So kys him oones in his faclres name.'

Thcrwith sche lokede bak-ward to the londe, And seyde, ' Farwel, housbond rewthcles ! ' And up sche rist, and walketh doun the stronde Toward the schip, hir folweth al the prees ; And ever sche preyeth hir child to hold his pees, And took hir leve, and with an holy entente 7o9 Sche blesseth hire, and to the schip sche wente.

Vytailled was the schip, it is no drede, Abundauntly for hire a fid longc space ; And other necessaries that schulde node Sche had ynowgh, heryed be Cristez grace ; For wynd and water almighty God purchace, And bryng hir horn, I can no bettre saye, But in the see sche drjweth forth hir waye.

Alia the kyng cometh hom soon after this Unto the castel, of the which I tolde, And asketh wher his wyf and his child ys. tso The constable gan aboute his herte colde, And playnly al the manor he him tolde As ye han herd, I can telle it no better,

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 107

And schewede the kyngcs seal and his letter ,

And sej-de, ' Lord, as ye comaundede me Up peyne of deth, so have I do certayn.' This messager tormented was, til he Moste biknowe and telle it plat and playn, Fro nyght to night in what place he hadde layn ; And thus by witt and subtil enquerynge, no

Ymagined was by wham this gan to sprynge.

The hand was knowen that the lettre wroot, And al the venym of this cursed dede ; But in what wyse, certeynly I noot. Theffect is this, that Alia, out of drede, His moder slough, as men may pleynly rcede, For that sche traytour was to hir ligeaunce. Thus endeth olde Domegild with meschaunce.

The sorwe that this Alia night and day Makth for his wyf and for his child also, soo

Ther is no tonge that it telle may. But now I wol unto Custaunce go, That fleeteth in the see in peyne and wo Fyve yeer and more, as liketh Cristes sonde, Er that hir schip approched unto londe.

Under an hethen castel atte laste, Of which the name in my text nought I fynde, Constaunce and eek hir child the see upcaste. Almighty God, that saveth al mankynde, 809

Have on Constaunce and on hir child som mynde ! That fallen is in hethen hond eftsone, In poynt to spille, as I schal telle you soone. Doun fro the castel comth many a wight, To gawren on this schip, and on Constaunce ; But schortly fro the castel on a night, The lordes styward, God yive him meschaunce !

198 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

A theef that hacUZe reneyed oure ereaunce, Com into schip alone, and seyd he scholde Tllr lemman be, whethir sehe wold or nolde.

Wo was this wrecehed womman tho bigoon, 820 Hire ehilde crieth and sehe pytously ; But blisful Mary hilp hir right anoon, For with hir strogelynge wel and mightily The theef fel over-boord al sodeinly, And in the see he drenched for vengeaunee, And thus hath Crist unwemmed kept Constaunce.

0 foule luste, 0 luxurie, lo thin ende ! Nought oonly that thou feyntest mannes mynde, Hut verrayly thou wolt his body schendo. The ende of thyn werk, or of thy lustes blynde, Is compleynyng ; how many may men fynde, 83i That nought for werk som tyme, but for thentent To doon his synne, ben eyther slayn or schent !

How may this weyke womman han the strengthe Hir to defendc ayein the renegat ? 0 Golias, unmesurable of lengthe, How mighte David make the so mate ? So yong, and of armure so desolate, How dorst he loke upon thyn dredful face ? Wel may men seyn, it nas but Goddes grace. 840

Who yaf Judith corage or hardyncsse To slen him Olefernes in his tent, And to delyvcren out of wrecchednes The peple of God ? I say in this entente, That right as God spiryte and vigor sente To hem, and saved hem out of meschauncc, So sent he might and vigor to Constaunce.

Forth goth hir schip thurghout the narwe mouth Of Jubalter and Septc, dryvyng alwny,

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 199

Som tyme west, and som tyme north and south, sco And som tyme est, ful many a wery day ; Ti] Cristes mooder, blessed be sche ay ! Hath sehapen thurgh hir endeles goodnessc To make an ende of hir hevynesse.

Now let us stynt of Constaunce but a throwe, And speke we of the Romayn emperour, That out of Surrye hath by lettres knowe The slaughter of cristen folk, and deshonour Doon to his doughter by a fals traytour, I mene the cursed and wikked sowdenesse, sco That at the fest leet slee bothe more and lesse.

For which this emperour hath sent anoon His senatours, with real ordynauncc, And other lordes, Got wot, many oon, On Surriens to take high vengeaunce. They brenne,sleen, and bringen hem to meschaunee Ful many a day ; but schortly this is thende, Horn-ward to Rome they sehapen hem to wende.

This sanatour repayreth with victorie To Rome-ward, saylyng ful really, m

And mette the schip dryvyng, as seith the story, In which Constance si-tteth ful pitously. Nothing ne knew he what sche was ne why Sche was in such aray, sche nolde seye Of hire astaat, although sche scholde deye.

He bryngeth hir to Rome, and to his wyf He yaf hir, and hir yonge sone also ; 4 And with the senatour ladcZe sche hir lyf. Thus can our lady bryngen out of woo Woful Constaunce and many another moo ; eso And longe tyme dwelledc sche in that place, In holy werkes, as ever was hir grace.

200 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

The senatoures wif hir aunte was, But for al that sche hir never more : I wol no longer taryen in this cas, But to kyng Alia, which I spak of yore, That for his wyf wepeth and siketh sore, I wol retorne, and lete I wol Constaunce Under the senatoures governaunce.

Kyng Alia, which that had his moocler slayn, soo Upon a day fel in such repcntaunce, That, if I schortly telle schal and playn, To Rome he cometh to reeeyve his penaunce, And putte him in the popes ordynaunce In heigh and lowe, and Jhesu Crist bysonghte, Foryef his wikked werkes that he wroughte,

The fame anon thurgh Rome toun is born, How Alia kyng schal come in pilgrymage, By herberjourz that wenten him biforn, For which the senatour, as was usage, too

Rood him ayein, and many of his lynage, As wcl to sehcwen his magnificence, As to doon eny kyng a reverence.

Gret cheere doth this noble senaLour To kyng Alia, and he to him also ; Evcrich of hem doth other gret lion rar, And so bifel, that in a day or two This senatour is to kyng Alia go To fest, and schortly if I schal not lye, Constances sonc went in his companye. oio

Som men wolde seyn at request of Custaunce This senatour hath lad this child to feste ; I may not telle every circumstaunce, Be as be may, ther was he atte leste ; But soth it is. right at his modrcs heste,

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 201

Byforn hem alle, duryng the metes space, The child stood lokyng in the kynges face.

This Alia kyng hath of this child gret wonder, And to the senatour he seyd anoon, ' Whos is that faire child that stondeth yonder ? ' ' I not,' quod ho, ' by God and by seynt Jon ! 921 A moder he hath, but fader hath he non, That I of woot : ' and schortly in a stounde He told Alia how that this child was founde.

' But God woot,' quod this senatour also, ' So vertuous a lyver in my lyf Ne saugh I never, such as schc, nomo Of worldly womman, mayden, or of wyf; I dar wel say sehe hadde lever a knyf Thurghout hir brest, than ben a womman wikke, Ther is no man can bryng hir to that prikke.' 93.

Nov/ was this child as lik unto Custaunce As possible is a creature to be. This Alia hath the face in remembraunce Of dame Custaunce, and thereon mused ho, If that the childes mooder were ought schc That is his wyf; pryvely he highte, And sped him fro the table that ho might*?.

' Parfay !' thought he, ' fan torn is in myn heed ; I ought to deme, of rightful juggement, 9>u

That in the salte see my wyf is deed.' And after-ward he made this argument : ' What woot I, wher Crist hath hider sent My wyf by see, as wel as he hir sente To my contre, fro thennes that schc wente?'

And after noon home with the senatour Goth Alia, for to see this wonder chaunce. This senatour doth Alia gret honour,

202 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And hastely he sent after Custaunce. But trustcth wel, hir luste nat to daunee, 950

Whan that sche wistc wherfor was that sonde, Unnethes on hir feet sche mighte stondc.

Whan Alia saugh his wyf, fayro he hir grotto, And wepte, that it was rewthe to se ; For at the firste look he on hir sette He knew wel verrely that it was sche. And for sorwe, as domb sche stant as a tre ; So was hire herte schett in hire distresse, Whan sche rem em bred his unkyndenesse.

Twies sche swowned in his owen sighte ; 960 He wept and him excuseth pitously ; ' Now God,' quod he, ' and alle his halwcs brighte So wisly on my soule as have mercy, That of youre harm as gulteles am I As is Maurice my sone, so lyk youre face, Elles the feend me fecehe out of this place.'

Long was the sobbyng and the bitter peyne, Or that here woful herte mighte cesse : Gret was the pite for to here hem pleyne, Thurgh whiche playntez gan here wo encresse. 970 I pray you alle my labour to relesse, I may not telle al here woo unto morwe, I am so wery for to spekc of the sorwe.

But fynally, whan that the soth is wist, That Alia gilteles was of hir woo, I trowe an hundred tymes they ben kist, And such a bbys is ther bitwix hem tuo, That, save the joye that lasteth everemo, Ther is noon lyk, that cny creature Hath seyn or schal, whil that the world may dure. Tho prayde sche hir housbond meekely osi

THE MAN OF LAAVES TALE. 2U3

In the relees of hir long pytous pync. That he wolde preyc hir fader specially, That of his majestc he wold enelyne To vouchesauf som tyme with him to dyne. Sche preyeth him eek, he schulde by no weye Unto hir fader no word of hir seyc.

Som men wolde seye, that hir child Maurice Doth his message unto the emperour ; But, as I gesse, Alia was nat so nyce, 990

To him that is so soverayn of honour, As he that is of Cristes folk the flour, Sent eny child ; but it is best to deeme He went himsilf, and so it may wol seme.

This emperour hath graunted gentilly To come to dyner, as he him bysoughte ; As wel rede I, he lokede besily Upon the child, and on his doughter thoughts Alia goth to his in, and as him oughte Arrayed for this fest in every wyse, 1000

As ferforth as his connyng may suffise.

The morwe cam, and Alia gan him dre.sse. And eek his wyf, the emperour for to mcete ; And forth they ryde in joye and in gladnesse, And whan sche saugh hir fader in the streete, Sche light adoun and falleth him to feete. ' Fader,' quod sche, ' your yonge child Constance Is now ful clene out of your remembraunce.

' I am your doughter Custaunce,' quod sche, ' That whilom ye have sent unto Surrye ; 1010

It am I, fader, that in the salte see Was put alloon, and dampncd for to dye. Now, goode fader, mercy I you crye, Send me no more unto noon hethenesse,

204 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

But thanke my lord her of his kyndenesse.'

Who can the pytous joye telle al Bitwix hem thre, sith they be thus i-mette? But of my tale make an encle I schal ; The day goth fast, I wol no lenger lette. This glade folk to dyner they ben sette ; 1020

In joye and blys at mete I let hem dwelle, A thousand fold wel more than I can telle.

This child Maurice was siththen emperour I-maad by the pope, and lyved cristenly, To Cristes chirche dede he gret honour. But I let al his story passen by, Of Custaunce is my tale specially ; In olde Romayn gestes men may fynde Maurices lyf, I bere it nought in mynde.

This kyng Alia whan he his tyme say, ut.o

With his Constaunce, his holy wyf so swete, To Engelond they come the righte way. Wher as they lyve in joye and in quyete. But litel whil it last, I you biheete, Joy of this world for tyme wol not abyde, Fro day to night it chaungeth as the tyde.

Who lyved ever in such delyt a day, That him ne meved eyther his conscience, Or ire, or talent, or som manor affray, En\y, or pride, or passioun, or offence ? 1040

I ne say but for this ende this sentence, That litel whil in joye or in plesaunce Lasteth the blis of Alia with Custaunce.

For deth, that takth of heigh and low his rente, Whan passed was a yeere, even as I gesse, Out of this worlde kyng Alia he hente, For whom Custauns hath ful gret hevynesse.

THE MAN OF LAWES TALE. 205

Now let us praye that God his souie blcsse !

And dame Custaunce, fynally to say,

Toward the toun of Rome goth hir way. 1050

To Rome is come this nobil creature, And fynt hir freendes ther bothe hool and sound ; Now is sche shaped al hir aventure. And whannc sche her fader had i-founde, Doun on hir knees falleth sche to groundc, Wepyng for tcndirncs in herte blithe Sche heriede God an hundred thousand sithe.

In vertu and in holy almes-dedc They lyven alle, and never asondre wende ; Til deth departe hem, this lyf they lede. ioeo

And far now wel, my tale is at an ende. Now Jhesu Crist, that of his might may scnde Joy after wo, governe us in his grace, And keep ous alle that ben in this place.

206

THE CANTERBURY TALES.

THE PROLOCE OF THE WYF OF BATHE.

XPERIENS, though noon auctonte Were in this world, it were ynough

for me To speke of wo that is in mariage ; For, lordyngs, syns I twelf yer was of age, I thank it God that is cterne on lyve, Housbondes atte chirch dore I have had fyve, For I so oftc might have weddid be, And alle were worthy men in here degre. Bat me was taught, nought longe tyme goon is, That synnes Crist wente never but onys 10

To weddyng, in the Cane of Galile, That by the same ensampul taught he me That I ne weddid sehulde be but ones. Lo, herken such a seharp word for the nones ! Beside a welle Jhesus, God and man, Spak in reproof of the Samaritan : ' Thou hast y-had fyve housbondes,' quod lie ; ' And that ilk man, which that now hath the, Is nought thin housbond ;' thus he sayde eertayn; What that he mente therby, I can not sayn. 20 But that I axe, why the fyftc man Was nought housbond to the Samaritan ? How many mighte schc have in mariage ? Yit herd I never tellen in myn aire Uppon this noumbre diffinicioun ;

THE PROLOGE OF THE WYF OF BATHE. 207

Men may divine and glosen up and doun.

But wel I wot, withouten eny lye,

God bad us for to wax and multiplie ;

That gentil tixt can I wel understonde.

Ek wel I wot, he sayde, myn housebondo so

Scbulde lete fader and moder, and folwe me ;

But of no noumbcr mencioun made he,

Of bygamye or of oetogomye ;

Why sehuldc men speken of that vilonye ?

Lo hier the wise kyng daun Salamon,

I trow he hadde wifes mo than oon,

As wolde God it were leful unto me

To be refreisshed half so oft as he !

Which yift of God had he for alio his wyvys !

No man hath such, that in the world on lyve is.

God wot, this nobil king, as to my wit, 41

The firste night hadefc many a mery fit

With ech of hem, so wel was him on lyve.

I-blessid be God that I have weddid fyve !

Welcome the sixtc whan that ever he schal !

For-sothe I nyl not kepe me chast in al ;

Whan myn housbond is fro the world i-gon,

Som cristne man schal weddc me anoon,

For than thapostil saith that I am fre

To weddc, a goddis ha/f, wher so it be. 50

He saith, that to be weddid is no synne ;

Bet is to be weddid than to brynne.

What recehith me what folk sayn viloync

Of schrcwi(Z Lameth, or of his bigamye?

I wot wel Abram was an holjr man,

And Jacob eck, as ferforth as I can,

A nd ech of hem hadde wyves mo than tuo,

And many another holy man also.

208 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Whan sawe ye in cny maner age

That highe God defendide mariage 60

By expres word ? I pray you tcllith me ;

Or wher commaunded he virginite ?

I wot as wel as ye, it is no drede,

Thapostil, when he spekth of maydenhedc,

He sayde, that precept therof had he noon ;

Men may counseil a womman to be oon,

But counselyng nys no comaundement ;

He put it in our owne juggement.

For hadde God eomaundid maydenhedc,

Than had he dampnyd weddyng with the dede ; 70

And certes, if ther were no seed i-sowe,

Virginite whereon schuld it growe ?

Poul ne dorste not comaunde atte leste

A thing, of which his maister yaf non heste.

The dart is set upon virginite,

Cach who-so may, who rennith best let se.

But this word is not taken of every wight,

But ther as God list yive it of his might.

I wot wel that thapostil was a mayde,

But natheles, though that he wrot or sayde, so

He wolde that every wight were such as he,

Al nys but counseil unto virginite.

And for to ben a wyf he gaf me leve,

Of ind;/Zgence, so nys it to reprove

To wedde me, if that my make deye,

Witlioute excepcioun of bigamye ;

Al were it good no womman for to touche,

(He mente in his bed or in his couche)

For peril is bothe fuyr and tow to assemble ;

Ye knowe what this ensample wolde resemble. 90

This is al and som, he holdith virginite

THE PROLOGE OF THE WYF OF BATHE. 209

More parfit than weddying in frclte ;

(Frelte clepe I, but-if that he and sche

Wolde leden al her lif in chastite).

I graunt it wel, I have noon envye,

Though maidenhede preferre bygamye ;

It liketh hem to be clene in body and gost ;

Of myn estate I nyl make no bost.

For wel ye wot, a lord in his household

He nath not every vessel fid of gold ; "*o

Som ben of tre, and don her lord servise.

God clepeth folk to him in sondry wise,

And every hath of God a propre yifte,

Som this, som that, as him likith to schifte.

Virginite is gret perfeceioun,

And continens eek with gret devocioun ;

But Christ, that of perfeceioun is welle,

Bad nought every wight schulde go and sello

Al that he had, and yive it to the pore,

And in such wise folwe him and his fore. no

He spak to hem that wolde lyve parfytly,

But, lordyngs, by your leve, that am not I ;

I wol bystowe the flour of myn age

In the actes and in the fruytes of manage.

Tel me also, to what conclusioun

Were membres maad of generacioun,

And of so parfit wise, and why y-wrought ?

Trustith right wel, they were nought maad for

nought. Glose who -so wol, and say bothe up and doun, That thay were made for purgacioun 20

Of uryn, and oure bothe thinges smale Were eek to knowe a femel fro a male ; And for non other cause : — say ye no f VOL. it. v

210 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Thexperiens wot wel it is not so.

So that these clerke.s ben not with me wrothe,

I say this, that thay makid ben for bothe,

That is to saye, for office and for ease

Of engendrure, ther we God nought displease.

Why schulde men elles in her bokes settc,

That man schal yelde to his wif his dette ? 130

Now wherwith schuld he make his paycment,

If he ne used his sely instrument ?

Than were thay maad upon a creature

To purge uryn, and eek for engendrure.

But I say not that every wight is holde.

That hath such harneys as I to you tolde,

To gon and usen hem in engendrure ;

Than schulde men take of chastite no cure.

Crist was a mayde, and schapen as a man,

And many a seynt, sin that the world bygan, no

Yet lyvede thay ever in parfyt chastite.

I nyl envye no virginite.

Let hem be bred of pured whete seed,

And let us wyves eten barly breed.

And yet with barly bred, men telle can,

Oure Lord Jhesu refreisschide many a man.

In such astaat as God hath cleped ous

I wil persever, I am not precious ;

In wyfhode I wil use myn instrument

Als frely as my maker hath me it sent. L50

If I be daungerous, God yivc me sorwe,

Myn housbond schal ban it at eve and at morwe,

"Whan that him list com forth and pay his dette.

An housbond avoI I have, I wol not lette,

Which schal be bothe my dettour and my thral,

And have his tribulacioun withal

THE PROLOG E OF THE WYF OF BATHE. 211

Upon his fleissch, whil that I am his wyf.

I have the power duryng al my lif

Upon his propre body, and not he ;

Right thus thapostil told it unto me. ieo

And bad oure housbondcs for to love us wel ;

Al this sentence me likith every del.'

Up starte the pardoner, and that anoon ; ' Now, dame,' quod he, ' by God and by seint Jon, Ye ben a noble prechour in this caas. I was aboute to wedde a wif, allaas ! What ? schal I buy it on my fleiseh so deere ? Yit had 1 lever wedde no wyf to yere ! ' ' Abyd,' quod sche, ' my tale is not bygonne. Nay, thou sehalt drinke of another tonne ] to

Er that I go, schal savere wors than ale. And whan that I have told the forth my tale Of tribulacioun in manage, Of which I am expert in al myn age, This is to saye, myself hath ben the whippe, Than might thou chese whethir thou wilt sippe Of thilke tonne, that I schal abroche. Be war of it, er thou to neigh approche. For I schal telle ensamples mo than ten : Who-so that nyl be war by other men iso

By him schal other men corrected be. The same wordes write?/j Ptholome, Rede in his Almagest, and tak it there.' ' Dame, 1 wolde praye you, if that youre wille were,' Sayde this pardoner, ' as ye bigan, Tel forth youre tale, and sparith for no man, Techc us yonge men of youre practike.' ' Gladly/ quod sche, ' syns it may yow like. But that I pray to al this companye,

212 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

If that I speko after my fantasie, 100

As takcth nought agreef of that I saye, For myn entente is nought but to playe.

' Now, sires, now wol I telle forth my tale. As ever mote I drinke wyn or ale, I schal saye soth of housbondes that I hadde, As thre of hem were goode, and tuo were badde. Tuo of hem Avere goode, riche, and olde ; Unnethes mighte thay the statute holde, In which that thay were bounden unto mo ; Ye wot wel what I mene of this parde ! coo

As help me God, I laugh whan that I thinke, How pitously on night I made hem swynke, But, by my fay ! I told of it no stoor ; Thay hadde me yive her lond and her tresor, Me nedith not no lenger doon diligence To wynne her love or doon hem reverence. They lovede me so wel, by God above ! That I tolde no deynte of her love. A wys womman wol bysi hir ever in oon To gete hir love, there sche hath noon. 210

But synnes I had hem holly in myn hond, And synnes thay hadde me yeven al her lond, What schuld I take keep hem for to please, But it were for my profyt, or myn ease ? I sette hem so on werke, by my fay ! That many a night they songen weylaway. The bacoun was nought fet for hem, I trowe, That som men fecche in Essex at Donmowe. I governed hem so wel after my lawe, That ech of hem ful blisful was and fawe 220

To bringe me gaye thinges fro the faire. Thay were ful glad whan I spak to hem faire;

THE PROLOGE OF THE WYF OF BATHE. 213

For, God it woot, I chidde hem spitously.

Now herkcncth how I bar me proprely.

Ye wise wyves, that can understonde,

Thus scholdc yc speke, and here hem wrong on

honde ; For half so boldely can thcr no man Swere and lye as a womman can. (I say not by wyves that ben wise, But-if it be whan thay ben mysavise.) 230

I-wis a wif, if that sche can hir good, Schal bercn him on hond the cow is wood, And take witnes on hir oughne mayde Of hire assent ; but herkenith how I sayde. See, olde caynard, is this thin array ? Why is my neghcbores wif so gay ? Sche is honoured overal ther sche goth ; I sitte at hom, I have no thrifty cloth. What dostow at my neighebores hous? Is sche so fair ? what, artow amorous ? 210

What roune yc with hir maydencs ? bencdicite, Sir olde lccchour, let thi japes be. And if I have a gossib, or a frend Withouten gilt, thou chidest as a fend, If that I walk or play unto his hous. Thou comest hom as dronken as a mous. And prechist.on thy bench, with evel preef, Thou saist to me, it is a gret meschief To wedde a pover Avomman, for costage ; And if that sche be riche and of parage, 250

Thanne saist thou, that it is a tormentric To suffre hir pride and hir malencolie. And if that sche be fair, thou verray knave, Thou saist that every holour wol hir have ;

214 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Sche may no while in chastite abyde,

That is assaylccl thus on eche sydc.

Thou saist that som folk desire us for riches,

Som for our sehap, and som for our fairnes,

And some, for that sche can synge and daunce,

And some for gentilesse or daliaunce, :■; i

Som for hir handes and hir amies smale :

Thus goth al to the devel by thi tale.

Thou saist, men may nought kepe a castel wal,

It may so be biseged over al.

And if sche be foul, thanne thou saist, that sche

Coveitith every man that sche may se ;

For, as a spaynel, sche wol on him lepe,

Til that sche fynde som man hire to chepe.

Ne noon so gray a goos goth in the lake,

As sayest thou, wol be withouten make. 270

And saist, it is an hard thing for to wolde

Thing that no man wol, his willes, holde.

Thus seistow, lorel, whan thou gost to bedde,

And that no wys man nedith for to wedde,

Ne no man that entendith unto hevene.

With wilde thunder dynt and fuyry levene

Mote thi wickede neckc be to-broke !

Thou saist, that droppyng hous, and cek smoke,

And chydyng wyves maken men to fle

Out of here oughne hous ; a, bencdicite, 2so

What eylith such an old man for to ehyde ?

Thou seist, we wyves woln oure vices hide,

Til we hen weddid, and than we wil hem schewe.

Wei may that be a proverbe of a schrewe.

Thou saist, that assen, oxen, and houndes,

Thay ben assayed at divers stoundes,

Basyns, lavours eek, er men hem bye,

THE PROLOGE OF THE WYF OF BATHE. 215

Spones, stooles, and al such housbondrie,

Also pottes, clothes, and array ;

But folk of wyves maken non assay, 200

Til thay ben wcddid, olde dotard schrewe !

And thanne, saistow, we woln ourc vices schcwc.

Thou saist als6, that it displesith me

But-if that thou wilt praysen my beaute,

And but thou pore alway in my face,

And clepe me faire dame in every place ;

And but thou make a fest on thilke day

That I was born, and make me freisch and gay ;

And but thou do my norice honoure,

And to my chambcrer withinne my boure, 300

And to my fadres folk, and myn allies :

Thus saistow, olde barel ful of lies !

And yit of oure apprentys Jankyn,

For his crisp her, schynyng as gold so fyn,

And for he squiereth me up and doun,

Yet hastow caught a fals suspcccioun ;

I nyl him nought, though thou were deed to morwe.

But tel me whcrfor hydestow with sorwe

The keyes of thy chist away fro me ?

It is my good as wel as thin, parde. sio

' What! wenest thou make an ydiot of oure dame ?

Now by that lord that cleped is seint Jame,

Thow schalt not bothe, though thou were wood.

Be maister of my body and of my good ;

That oon thou schalt forgo maugre thin yen !

What helpeth it on me tenqueren or espien?

I trowe thou woldest lokke me in thy chest.

Thou scholdist say, < wif, go whef Lhe lest ;

Take youre disport ; I nyl lieve no talis ;

210 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

I know yow for a trcwe wif, dame Alis.' 320

We lovcth no man, that takith keep or charge Wher that we goon ; we love to be at large.

' Of alio men i-blessed most he be The wise astrologe daun Ptholome, That saith this proverbe in his Almagest : Of alio men his wisedom is highest, That rekkith not who hath the world in honde. By this proverbe thou schalt understondc, Have thou ynough, what thar the reech or care How merily that other folkes fare ? 030

For ccrtes, olde dotard, with your leve, Ye schul have queynte right ynough at eve. He is to grct a nygard that wol werne A man to light a candel at his lanterne ; He schal have never the lasso light, parde. Have thou ynough, the thar not pleyne the.

' Thou saist also, that if we make us gay With clothing and with precious array, That it is peril of our chastite. And yit, with sorwe, thou most enforce the, 310 And saye these wordes in thapostles name : In abyt maad with chastite and schame Ye wommen schuld apparayle yow, quod ho, And nought with tressed her, and gay perre. As perles, ne with golde, ne clothis riche. After thy text, ne after thin rubriche, I wol nought wirche as moche as a gnat. Thow saist thus that I Avas lik a cat ; For who-so wolde senge the cattcs skyn, Than wolde the catte duellen in his in ; 350

And if the cattes skyn be slyk and gay, Sche wol not duelle in house half a day,

THE PROLOGE OF THE Wl'F OF BATHE. 217

But forth sche wil, er eny day be dawet,

To sehewe hir skyn, and goon a caterwrawet.

This is to say, if I be gay, sir schrewc,

I wol renne aboutc, my borcl for to sehewe.

Sir olde fool, what helpith the to aspien ?

Though thou praydest Argus with his hundrid yen

To be my wardecorps, as he can best,

In faith he schulde not kepe mc but-if me lest; co

Yit couthe I make his berd, though queynte he be.

Thou saydest cek, that ther ben thinges thre,

The whiche thinges troublen al this erthe,

And that no wight may endure the ferthe.

0 leve sire schrewe, Jhesu schorte thy lif !

Yit prechestow, and saist, an hateful wif

I-rekened is for oon of these meschaunces.

Ben ther noon other of thy resemblaunces

That ye may liken youre parables unto,

But-if a cely wyf be oon of tho '? 370

Thow likenest wommannes love to hello,

To bareyn lond, ther water may not duello.

Thou likenest it also to wilde fuyr ;

The more it brenneth, the more it hath desir

To consume every thing, that brent wol be.

Thou saist, right as wormes schenden a tre,

Bight so a wif schendith hir houscbondc ;

This knowen tho that ben to wyves bonde.

Lordyngcs, right thus, as ye han understonde, Bar I styf myn housebondes on honde, uso

That thus thay sayde in her dronkenessc ; And al was fals, but that I took witnesse On Jankyn, and upon my nece also. 0 Lord, the pcync I dede hem, and the wo, Ful gulteles, by Goddes swete pyne ;

218 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

For as an hors} 1 eouthe bothe bite and whyne ;

I eouthe pleyno, and yet I was in the gilt,

Or elles I hadde often tyme be spilt.

Who-so first cometh to the mylle, first grynt ;

I pleynede first, so was oure werre stynt. 390

Thay were ful glad to excuse hem ful blyve

Of thing, that thay never agilt in her lyve.

And wenches wold I bcren hem on honde,

Whan that for-scek thay mighte unnethes stonde,

Yit tykeled'I his herte for that he

Wende I had of him so gret chierete.

I swor that al my walkyng out a nyghte

Was for to aspie wenches that he dighte.

Under that colour had I many a mirthc.

For al such witte is yeven us of birthe ; 400

Deceipt wepyng, spynnyng, God hath give

To wymmen kyndely whil that thay may lyve.

And thus of 0 thing I avaunte me,

At thende I hadeZe the best in cch degre,

By sleight or fors, or of som maner thing,

As by continuel murmur or chidyng,

Namly on bedde, hadden thay meschaunce,

Ther wolde I chide, and do hem no plesaunce ;

I wold no lenger in the bed abyde,

If that I felt his arm over my syde, 410

Til he hadde maad his raunsoun unto me,

Than wold I suffre him doon his nycete.

And therfor every man this tale telle,

Wynne who-so may, for al is for to selle ;

With empty hond men may noon haukes lure,

For wynnyng wold I al his lust endure,

And make me a feyncd appetyt,

And yit in bacoun had I never delyt ;

THE PROLOGE OF THE WTF OF BATHE. 210

That made me that ever I wold hem chyde.

For though the pope haclcZe seten hem bisyde, 4co

I nolde not spare hem at her oughne bord,

For, by my troulhe, I quyt hem word for word.

Als help me verray God omnipotent,

Though I right now schulde make my testament,

I owe hem nought a word, that it nys quittc,

I brought it so aboute by my witte,

That they moste yeve it up, as for the best,

Or ellis hadcZe we never ben in rest.

For though he loked as a grym lyoun,

Yit schuld he fayle of his conclusioun. 4C.o

Than wold I saye, ' now, goode leefe, tak keep,

How mckly lokith Wilkyn our scheep !.

Com ner, my spouse, let me ba thy cheke.

Ye schulde be al pacient and meke,

And have a swete spiced consciens,

Siththen ye prechc so of Jopcs paciens.

Suffreth alway, syns ye so wel can preche,

And but ye do, certeyn we schul yow tcche

That it is fair to have a wyf in pees.

On of us tuo mot bo we doutelcs ; 410

And, siththen man is more resonable

Than womman is, ye moste be suffrablc.

What aylith yow thus for to grucche and grone ?

Is it for ye wold have my queynt allone ?

Why, tak it al ; lo, have it every del.

Peter ! I schrewe yow but ye love it wel.

For if I wolde selle my bele chose,

I couthc walk as freisch as eny rose, '

But I wol hope it for youre ownc toth.

Ye ben to blame, by God, I say yow soth ! ' 450

Such mancr wordes hadde we on honde.

220 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Now wol I speke of my lourth housbonde. My fonrtho housbond was a revelour, Thia is to say, he had a paramour, And I was yong, and ful of rageric, Stiborn and strong, and joly as a pye. Lord! how couthc I daunce to an liarpc smale, And synge y-wys as cny nightyngale, Whan I hadde dronke a draught of swete wyn. Metillius, the foule cherl, the swyn, 460

That with a staf byraft his wyf hir lyf For sche drank wyn, though I hadde ben his wif, Ne schuld he nought have daunted me fro drinke; And after wyn on Venus most I thinke, For al-so sikcr as cold engeridrith hayl, A likorous mouth most have a licorous tail. In wymmen vinolent is no dcfens, This knowen lecchours by experiens. But, lord Crist, whan that it rcmembrith me Upon my youthc, and on my jolite, 470

It tikelith me aboute myn herte-roote ! Unto this day it doth myn hcrto boote, That I have had my world as in my tyme. But age, alias ! that al wol envenyme, Hath me bireft my beautc and my pith ; Let go, farwel, the devyl go therwith. The flour is goon, ther nis no more to telle, The bran, as I best can, now mot I selle. But yit to be mcry wol I fonde.

Now wol I telle of my fourt/t housbonde. -js) I say, I had in herte gret despyt, That lie of eny other badde dclit ; But he was quit, by God, and by semt Joce ; I made him of the same woodc a croce,

THE PROLOGE OF THE WYF OF BATHE. 221

Nought of my body in no foul manere',

But certeynly I made folk such chore,

That in his owne grees I made him frie

For anger, and for verraie jalousie.

By God, in erthe I was his purgatory,

For which I hope his soule be in glory. 490

For, God it wot, he sat fid stille and song,

Whan that his scho fill bitterly him wrong.

Ther was no wight, sauf God and he, that wiste

In many wyse how sore I him twiste.

He dyede whan I cam fro Jerusalem,

And lith i-grave under the roode-bcm ;

Al is his tombe nought so curious

As was the sepulcre of him Darius,

Which that Appellus wroughte so subtily.

It nys but wast to burie him preciously. 500

Let him farwel, God yive his soule rest,

He is now in his grave and in his chest.

' Now of my fifte housbond wol I telle ; God let his soule never come in helle ! And yet was he to me the moste schrewe, That fele I on my ribbes alle on rewe, And ever schal, unto myn endyng day. But in oure bed he was so freisch and gay, And therwithal so wel he couthe me glose, When that he wolde have my bele chose, 5io

That, though he hadde me bete on every boon, He couthe wynne my love right anoon. I trowe, I loved him beste, for that he Was of his love daungerous to me. We wymmen han, if that I schal nought lye, In this matier a queynte fantasie. Wayte, what thyng we maye not lightly have,

222 THE CANTERBUIIY TALES.

Therafter wol we sonnest erie and crave.

Forbeed us thing, and that desire we ;

Pres on us fast, and thanne wol we fie. 520

With daunger outen alle we oure ware ;

Greet pres at market makith deer chaffare,

And to greet chep is holden at litel pris ;

This knowith every womman that is wys..

My fyfte housbond, God his soule blcsse,

Which that I took for love and no richesse,

He som tyme was a clerk of Oxenford,

And hadrfc left scole, and went at hoom to borde

With my gossib, duellyng in our toun :

God have hir soule, hir name was Alisoun. oso

Sche knew myn herte and my privite

Bet than oure parisch prest, so mot I the.

To hir bywreyed I my counseil al ;

For hadde myn housbond pissed on a wal,

Or don a thing that schuld have cost his lif,

To hir, and to another worthy wyf,

And to my neece, which I lovede wel,

I wold have told his counseil every del.

And so I dide ful ofte, God it woot,

That made his face ofte reed and hoot 540

For verry schame, and blamyd himself, that he

Had(£e told to me so gret a privete.

And so byfel that oones in a Lcnte,

(So ofte tyme to my gossib I wente,

For ever yit I lovede to be gay,

And for to walk in March, Averil, and May

From hous to hous, to here sondry talis)

That Jankyn clerk, and my gossib dame Alis,

And I myself, into the feldes wente.

Myn housbond was at Londone al that Lente ; zoo

THE PROLOGE OF THE WYE OF BATHE. 223

I hadde the bettir leysir for to pleye, And for to see, and eek for to be seye Of lusty folk ; what wist I wher my grace Was sehapen for to be, or in what place ? Therfore I made my visitaciouns To vigiles, and to processiouns, To prechings eek, and to this pilgrimages, To pleyes of miracles, and manages, And wered upon my gay scarlet gytes. These wormes, these moughtes, ne these mytes, Upon my perel fretith hem never a deel, 001

And wostow why ? for thay were used wel. Now wol I telle forth what happide me : — I say, that in the felcles walkide we, Til trewely we hadrfe such daliaunce This clerk and I, that of my purvyaunce I spak to him, and sayde how that he, If I were wydow, schulde wedde me. For certeynly, I say for no bobaunce, Yit was I never withoutcn purveyaunce 570

Of mariage, ne of no thinges eeke : I hold a mouses hert not worth a leek, That hath but oon hole to sterte to, And if that fade, than is al i-do. i" bare him on honde he hadde cnchauntede me; (My dame taughte me that suMylte) And eke I sayde, I mete of him alle nyght, He wolde have slayne me, as I laye uprighte, And alle my bedde was fulle of vereye Mode ; ■ Butte yette I hope that ye shulle do me gode ; £80 For Mode betohenethe golde, as me ivas taughte ; And alle ivas false, I dremede of hitt righte naughte, Butte as I followede ay my dames lore,

224 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

As icelle of that as of other ihinges more. But now, sir, lot me se, what I schal sayn ; A ha ! by God, I have my talc agayn.

' Whan that my fourthe housbond was on here, I wept algate and made a sory cheere, As wyvos mooten, for it is usage ; And with my kerchief coverede my visage ; 500 But, for that I was purveyed of a make, I wopte but smal, and that I undertake. To chirche was myn housbond brought on morwe With neighebors that for him made sorwe, And Jankyn oure clerk was oon of tho. As help me God, whan that I saugh him go After the beere, me thought he had a paire Of legges and of feet so clene and fairc, That al myn hert I yaf unto his hold. He was, I trowe, twenty wynter old, coo

And I was fourty, if I schal say the sothe, But yit I had alway a coltis tothe. Gattothid I was, and that bycom me wel, I hadc/e the prynte of seynt Venus sel. As helpe me God, I icas a lusti one.

And fair e, and riche, and yong, and wel begone. ;

And trewly, as myn hosbonde tolde me,

I hadde the beste quoniam that myghte be.

For certls I am alfidli veneriein

In felyng, and myn herte alle marcian : eio

Venus me yaf my lust and licorousnesse.

And Mars yaf me my sturdi hardynesse.

Myn ascent was Taur, and Mars therinne ;

Alias, alas, that ever love was synne !

I folwcd ay myn inelinacioun

By vertu of my constillacioun :

THE PROLOGE OF THE SYYF OF BATHE. 225

That made me that I couthe nought withdrawe

My chambre of Venus from a good felawe.

Yet have I a marke of Mars uppon my face,

And also in another pryve place. 620

For God so wisse be my salvacion,

I lovyde nevyr bi non discrescion,

But evyr folewed myn owne appetite,

Alle were he schort, long, blak, or white ;

I toke no Tcepe, so that he liked me,

How pore he was, ne eke of what degre.

What sehuld I say ? but at the monthis ende

This joly clerk Jankyn, that was so heende,

Hath weddid me with gret solempnitee,

And to him yaf I al the londe and fee 6.30

That ever was me yive therbifore.

But aftir-ward repentede me ful sore.

He nolde suffre nothing of my list.

By God, he smot me oones with his fist,

For I rent oones out of his book a lef,

That of that strok myn eere wax al deef.

Styborn I was, as is a leones,

And of my tonge a verray jangleres,

And walk I wold, as I ha<Me don biforn,

Fro hous to hous, although he had it sworn; 640

For which he ofte tymes wolde preche,

And me of olde Romayn gestes teche.

How he Simplicius Gallus left his wyf,

And hir forsok for terme of al his lyf,

Nought but for open heedid he hir say

Lokying out at his dore upon a day.

Another Romayn told he me by name,

That, for his wyf was at a somer game

Without his wityng, he forsok hir ecke.

VOL. IT. Q

i

226 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And thanne wold he upon his book seeke m

That ilko provcrbe of Ecclesiaste, Wher he comaundith, and forbedith faste, Man sehal not suffre his wyf go roule aboutc. Than wold he saye right thus withouten doute : Who that buyldith his hous al of salwes, And priketh his blynde hors over the falwes, And suffrith his wyf to go seken halwes, Is worthy to ben honged on the galwes.' But al for nought ; I sette nought an hawc Of his proverbe, ne of his olde sawe ; 660

Ne I wolde not of him corretted be. I hate him that my vices tellith me, And so doon mo, God it wot, than I. This made him with me wood al outerly ; I nolde not forbere him in no cas. Now wol I saye yow soth, by seint Thomas, Why that I rent out of the book a leef, For which he smot me, that I was al def. He had a book, that gladly night and day For his desport he wolde rede alway ; 07c

He clepyd it Valerye and Theofrasfc, At which book he lough alway ful fast. And eekthay say her was som tyme a clerk at Rome, A cardynal, that heet seint Jerome, That made a book ayens Jovynyan. In which book eek ther was Tertuh/an, Crisippus, Tortula, and eek Helewys, That was abbas not fer fro Paris ; And eek the parablis of Salamon, Ovydes Art, and bourdes many oon ; eeo

And alle these were boundc in 00 volume. And every night and day was his custumc, Whan he h&dde leysir and vacacioun

THE PROLOGE OF THE WYF OF BATHE. 227

From other wovldely occupacioun,

To reden in this book of wikked wyves.

He knew of hem mo legendes and lyves,

Than ben of goode wyves in the Bible.

For trustith wel, it is an inpossible,

That any clerk schal speke good of wyves,

But-if it be of holy seintes lyves, f90

Ne of noon other wyfes never the mo.

Who peyntide the leoun, tel me, who ?

By God, if wommen hadde writen stories,

As elerkes have withinne her oratories,

Thay wold have write of men more wickidnes,

Than al the mark of Adam may redres.

These children of Mercury and of Venus

Ben in her werkyng ful contrarious.

Mercury lovith wisdom and science,

And Venus loveth ryot and dispense. 700

And for her divers disposicioun,

Ech fallith in otheres exaltacioun.

And thus, God wot, Mercury is desolate

In Pisces, wher Venus is exaltate,

And Venus faylith wher Mercury is reysed.

Therfor no womman of elerkes is preised.

The clerk whan he is old, and may nought do

Of Venus werkis, is not worth a scho ;

Than sit he doun, and writ in his dotage,

That wommen can nought kepe here manage. 710

But now to purpos, why I tolde the,

That I was beten for a leef, parde.

Upon a night Jankyn, that v/as oure sire,

Rad on his book, as he eafc by the fyrc,

Of Eva first, that for hir wikkidnes,

Was al mankynde brought to wrecchednes,

For ivhiche that Jhesu Crist Mmselfe icas slayne,

228 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

That boughte us with his herte-blood agayne. Lo here expresse of wommen may ye fynde, That woman loas the loose of alle mankynde. 7-0

Tho rad he me how Sampson lest his heris Slepyng, his lemman kut it with hir scheris, Thurgh which tresoun lost he bothe his yen. Tho rad he me, if that I schal not l'yen, Of Ercules, and of his Dejanyre, That caused him to sette himself on fuyre. No thing foryat he the care and wo That Socrates hadde with his wyves tuo ; How Exantipa caste pisse upon his heed. This seely man sat stille, as he were deed, 730 He wyped his heed, no more durst he sayn, But 'Er thunder stynte ther cometh rayn.' Of Phasipha, that was the queen of Creete, For schrewednes him thoughts the tale sweete. Fy ! spek no more, it is a grisly thing, Of her horribil lust and her likyng. Of Clydemystra for hir leccherie That falsly made hir housbond for to dye, He rad it with ful good devocioun. He tolde me eek, for what occasioun 7-10

Amphiores at Thebes lest his lif ; Myn housbond had a legend of his twyf Exiphilem, that for an ouche of gold Hath prively unto the Grekes told Wher that hir housbond hyd him in a place, For which he had at Thebes sory grace. ' Of Lyma told he me, and of Lucye ; Thay bothe made her housbondes for to dye, That oon for love, that other was for hate. Lyma hir housbond on an even late 7o0

THE PROLOGE OF THE W"YF OP BATHE. 229

Empoysond hath, for that sche was his fo ;

Lucia licorous loved hir housbond so,

For that he schuld alway upon hir think*?,

Sche yaf him such a maner love-drinke,

That he was deed or it was by the morwe ;

And thus algates housbondes hadcle sorwe.

Than told he me, how oon Latumyus

Compleigned unto his felaw Arrius,

That in his gardyn growede such a tre,

On which he sayde how tbat his wyves thre 7Go

Honged hemselfe for herte despitous.

' 0 leve brother,' quod this Arrious,

' Yif me a plont of thilke blessid tre,

And in my gardyn schal it plantid be.'

Of latter date of wyves hath he red

That some han slayn her housbondes in her bed,

And let her lecchour dighten al the night,

Whil that the corps lay in the flor upright ;

And som han dryven nayles in her brayn,

Whiles thay sleepe, and thus they han hem slayn ;

Som have hem yive poysoun in her drinke ; 771

He spak more harm than herte may bythynke.

And therwithal he knew mo proverbes

Than in this world ther growen gres or herbes.

Better is, quod he, thyn habitacioun

Be with a leoun, or a foul dragoun,

Than with a womman using for to chyde.

Better is, quod he, hihe in the roof abyde,

Than with an angry womman doun in a hous ;

Thay ben so wicked and so contrarious, 780

Thay haten that her housbondes lovcn ay.

He sayd, a womman cast hir schame away,

Whan sche east of hir smok ; and forthermo,

230 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

A fair womman, but sche be chast also,

Is lyk a gold ryng in a sowes nose.

Who wolde wene, or who wolde suppose

The wo that in myn herte was and pyne ?

And whan I saugh he nolde never fyne

To reden on this cursed book al night,

Al sodeinly thre leves have I plight 790

Out of this booke that he had, and eeke

I with my fist so took him on the cheeke,

That in oure fuyr he fel bak-ward adoun.

And he upstert, as doth a wood leoun,

And with his fist he smot me on the hed,

That in the floor I lay as I were deed.

And whan he saugh so stille that I lay,

He was agast, and wold have fled away.

Til atte last out of my swown I brayde.

< 0, hastow slayn me, false thef?' I sayde, soo

< And for my lond thus hastow mourdrid me ? Er I be deed, yit wol I kisse the.'

And ner he cam, and knelith faire adoun,

And sayde, ' Deere suster Alisoun,

As help me God, I schal the never smyte ;

That I have doon it is thiself to wite ;

Foryive it me, and that I the biseke.'

And yet eftsones I hyt him on the cheke,

And sayde, ' Thef, thus mekil I me wreke.

Now wol I dye, I may no lenger speke.' 8io

But atte last, with mochil care and wo,

We fyl accordid by ourselven tuo ;

He yaf me al the bridil in myn hand

To have the governaunce of hous and land,

And of his tonge, and of his hond also,

And made him brenne his book anoon right tho.

THE PROLOGE OF THE WYE OF BATHE. 231

And whan I hackle geten unto me

By maistry al the sovereynete,

And that he sayde, ' Myn owne trewe wyf,

Do as the list in term of al thy lyf, 820

Kepe thyn honour, and kep eek my myn estat ; '

And after that day we never hadde debat.

God help me so, I was to him as kynde

As eny wyf fro Denmark unto Inde,

And al-so trewe was he unto me.

I pray to God that sitte in mageste

So blcsse his soide, for his mercy deere.

Now wol I say my tale, if ye wol heere.'

The Frere lough when he had herd al this : ' Now, dame,' quod he, ' so have I joye and blis, This a long preambel of a tale.' 83i

And whan the Sompnour herd the Frere gale, ' Lo ! ' quod this Sompnour, ' for Goddes amies tuo, A frer wol entrcmet him evermo. Lo, goode men, a flie and eek a frere Woln falle in every dissche and maticre. What spekst thou of perambulacioun ? What ? ambil, or trot ; or pees, or go sit doun ; Thou lettest oure disport in this matere.' ' Ye, woltow so, sir sompnour ! ' quod the Frere : ' Now, by my fay, I schal, er that I go, su

Telle of a sompnour such a tale or tuo, That alio the folk schuln laughen in this place.' ' Now, cllis, frere, I byschrew thy face,' Quod this Sompnour, ' and I byschrewe me, But-if I telle tales tuo or thrc Of freres, cr I come to Sydingbornc, That I schal make thin herte for to morne, For wcl I wot thy paciens is goon.'

232 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Oure Hoste cride, ' Pees, and that anoon ; '

And sayde, ' Let the womman telle hir tale.

Ye fare as folkes that dronken ben of ale.

Do, dame, tel forth your tale, and that is best.

' Al redy, sir,' quod sche, ' right as you lest,

If I have licence of this worthy frere.'

< Yis, dame/ quod he, « tel forth, and I schal heere.

THE WYF OF BATHES TALE.

[N olde dayes of the kyng Arthour, Of which that Britouns speken gret

honour, Al was this lond fulfilled of fayrie ; The elf-queen, with hir joly compaignye, Dauncede ful oft in many a grene mede. This was the old oppynyoun, as I rede ; I speke of many hundrid yer ago ; But now can no man see noon elves mo. For now the grete charite and prayeres Of lymy tours and other holy freres, 1°

That sechen every lond and every strcem, As thik as motis in the sonne-beem, Blessynge halles, chambres, kichenes, and boures, Citees, burghes, castels hihe and toures, Thropes, bernes, shepnes and dayeries, That makith that ther ben no fayeries. For ther as wont was to walken an elf, Ther walkith noon but the lymytour himself, In undermeles and in morwenynges,

THE WYF OF BATHES TALE. 233

And saith his matyns and his holy thinges 20

As he goth in his lymytatioun.

Womraen may now go sanfly up and doun ,

In every bussch, or under every tre,

Ther is non other incutms but he,

And he ne vol doon hem no dishonour.

And so bifel it, that this king Arthour Had in his hous a lusty bacheler, That on a day com rydyng fro ryver ; And happed, al alone as sche was born, He saugh a maydc walkyng him byforn, 30

Of which mayden anoon, maugre hir heed, By vcrray fors byraft hir maydenhed. For which oppressioun was such clamour, And such pursuyte unto kyng Arthour, That dampned was the knight and schulde be ded By cours of lawe, and schuld have lost his heed, (Paraventure such was the statut tho,) But that the queen and other ladys mo So longe preyeden thay the kyng of grace, Til he his lif hath graunted in the place, 40

And yaf him to the queen, al at hir wille To chese wethir sche wolde him save or spille. The queen thankede the kyng with al hir might ; And after thus sche spak unto the knight, Whan that sche saugh hir tyme upon a day : < Thow stondest yet,' quod sche, < in such array, That of thy lyf hastow no sewerte ; I graunte thy lif, if thou canst telle me, What thing is it that wommen most desircn ; Be war, and keep thy nek-bon fro the iron. 50

And if thou canst not tcllen it anoon, Yet wol I yivc the leve for to goon

234 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

A twelfmonth and a day, it for to lere

An answer suffisaunt in this maticre.

And seurte wol I have, cr that thou pace,

Thy body for to yelden in this place'

Wo was this knight, and sorwfully he sikede ;

But what ? he may not doon al as him likede,

And atte last he ches him for to wende,

And cam ayein right at the yeres ende oo

"With swich answer as God him wolde purveye ;

And takith his leve, and wendith forth his weyc.

He sekith every hoiis and every place

Whcr-so he hopith for to fynde grace,

To lerne what thing wommen loven most ;

But he ne couthe arryven in no cost,

Whcr as he mighte fynde in this mattiere

Two creatures accordyng in fere.

Some sayden, wommen loven best richesse,

Some sayde honour, and some sayde jolynesse, 70

Some riche array, some sayden lust on bedde,

And ofte tyme to be wydow and wedde.

Some sayden owre hertc is most i-eased

Whan we ben y-flaterid and y-pleased

He goth ful neigh the soth, I wil not lye ;

A man schal wynne us best with naterye ;

And with attendaunce, and with busynesse

Ben we y-limid both more and lesse.'

And some sayen, that we loven best

For to be fre, and to doon as us lest, so

And that no man reprevc us of ourc vice,

But say that we ben wys, and no thing nyce.

For trewely ther is noon of us alio,

If eny wight wolde claw us on the galle,

That we nyl like, for he saith us soth ;

THE WYF OF BATHE'S TALE. 235

Assay, and he schal fynd it, that so doth.

For be we never so vicious withinne,

We schuln be holde wys and dene of synne.

And somme sayn, that gret delit han we

For to be holden stabil and secre, 90

And in oon purpos stedfastly to duelle,

And nought bywreye thing that men us telle.

But that tale is not worth a rakes stele.

Pardy, we wymmen can right no thing hele,

Witnes on Myda ; wil ye here the tale ?

Ovyd, among his other thinges smale,

Sayde Myda had under his lange heris

Growyng upon his heed tuo asses eeris ;

The whiche vice he hid, as he best mights,

Ful subtilly fro every mannes sighte, 100

That, save his wyf, thcr wist of that nomo ;

He loved hir most, and trusted hir also ;

He prayed hir, that to no creature

Sche schulde tellen of his disfigure.

Sche swor him, nay, for al this world to Wynne,

Sche noldc do that vilonye or synne

To make hir housbond have so fold a name ;

Sche wolde not tel it for hir oughne schame.

But natheles hir thoughte that sche dyde,

That sche so longe a counseil scholde hyde ; no

Hir thought it swal so sore about hir herte,

That needely som word hir most asterte ;

And sins sche dorste not tel it unto man,

Doun to a marreys faste by sche ran,

Til sche cam ther, hir herte was on fuyre ;

And as a bytoure burnblith in the myre,

Sche layde hir mouth unto the water doun.

' Bywrey me not, thou watir, with thi soun.'

236 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Quod sche, ' to the I telle it, and nomo,

Myn housbond hath long asse eeris tuo. 120

Now is myn hert al hool, now is it oute,

I mighte no lenger kepe it out of doute.'

Her may ye se, theigh we a tyme abyde,

Yet out it moot, we can no counseil hyde.

The remenaunt of the tale, if ye wil here,

Redith Ovid, and ther ye mow it leere.

This knight, of which my tale is specially, Whan that he saugh he mighte nought come therby, This is to saye, that wommen loven most, Withinne his brest ful sorwful was the gost. 130 But horn he goth, he mighte not lenger sojourne, The day was come, that hom-ward most he torne. And in his way, it hapnyd him to ride In al his care, under a forest side, AYher as he saugh upon a daunce go Of ladys four and twenty, and yit mo. Toward this ilke daunce he drough ful yerne, In hope that he som wisdom schuld i-lerne ; But certeynly, er he com fully there, Yanysshid was this daunce, he nyste where ; no No creature saugh he that bar lif, Sauf on the greene he saugh sittyng a wyf, A fouler wight ther may no man devyse. Ayens the knight this olde wyf gan ryse, And sayde, ' Sir knight, heer forth lith no way ; Tel me what ye seekyn, by your fay Paradventure it may the better be : Thise olde folk can mochil thing,' quod sche, ' My lieve modir,' quod this knight, ' certayn I am but ded but-if that I can sayn 150

What thing is it that wommen most desire ;

THE WYF OF BATHES TALE. 237

Couthc ye me wisse, I wolde wel quyte your huyre.'

' Plight me thy trouth her in myn hond,' quod sche,

' The nexte thing that I require the,

Thou schalt it doo, if it be in thy might,

And I wol telle it the, er it be night.'

' Have her mytrouthe/quod the knight, 'I graunte.'

' Thanne,' quod sche, ' I dar me wel avaunte,

Thy lif is sauf, for I wol stonde therby,

Upon my lif the queen wol say as I ; 160

Let se, which is the proudest of hem alle,

That werith on a coverchief or a calle,

That dar saye nay of thing I schal the teehe.

Let us go forth withouten more speche.'

Tho rownede sche a pistil in his ecre,

And bad him to be glad, and have no fere.

Whan they ben comen to the court, this knight

Sayd he had holde his day, as he hadde bight,

Al redy was his answer, as he sayde.

Ful many a noble wyf, and many a mayde, 170

And many a wydow, for that they ben wyse,

The queen hirself sittyng as a justise,

Assemblid ben, his answer for to hiere ;

And after-ward this knight was bode appiere,

To every wight comaundid was silence,

And that the knight schulde telle in audience

What thing that worldly wommen loven best.

This knight ne stood not stille, as doth a best, But to the questioun anoon answerde, With manly voys, that al the court it horde ; iso ' My liege lady, generally,' quod he, ' Wommen. desiren to have soveraynte As wel over hir housbond as over hir love, And for to bo in maystry him above.

238 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

This is the most desir, though ye me kille ; Doth as yow list, I am heer at your Aville.' In al the court ne was ther Avyf, ne mayde, Ne wydow, that eontrariede that he sayde ; But sayden, he was worthy have his lit". And with that Avord upstarte that olde wif, 190 Which that the knight saugh sittyng on the grene. ' Mercy,' quod sche, ' my soveraign lady queene, Er that your court departe, doth me right. I taughte this answer unto the knight ; For which he plighte me his trouthe there, The firste thing that I Avoid him requere, He Avoid it do, if it lay in his might. Before this court then pray I the, sir knight,' Quod sche, ' that thou me take unto thy Avif, For Avel thou Avost, that I have kept thy lif • 200 If I say fals, sey nay, upon thy fey.' This knight ansAverd, ' Alias and AvaylaAvey ! I Avot right Avel that such Avas my byhest, For Goddes love, as chese a new request ; Tak al my good, and let my body go.' ' Nay,' quod sche than, ' I schreAV us bothe tuo. For though that I be foule, old, and poure, I nolde for al the metal ne for the oure That under erthe is grave, or lith above, But I thy wife Avere and eek thy love.' 210

' My loA'e ?' quod he. ' nay, nay, my dampnacioun. Alias ! that eny of my nacioun Schuld eArer so foule disparagid be ! ' But al for nought ; the ende is this, that he Constreigned Avas, he needes most hir Avedde, And takith his Avyf, and goth with hir to bedde. Noav Avolden som men say parad\renture,

THE WYF OF BATHES TALE. 239

That for my necgligence I do no cure

To telle yow the joye and tharray

That at that fest was maad that ilke day. 220

To which thing schortly answeren I schal,

And say ther nas feste ne joy at al,

Ther nas but hevynes and mochil sorwe ;

For prively he weddyd hir in a morwe,

And alday hudde him as doth an oule,

So wo was him, his wyf lokede so foule.

Gret was the wo the knight had in his thought

Whan he was with his wyf on bedde brought,

He walwith, and he torneth to and fro.

His olde wyf lay smylyng ever mo, 230

And sayd, ' 0 deere housbond, benedicite,

Fareth every knight with his wyf as ye !

Is this the lawe of king Arthures hous ?

Is every knight of his thus daungerous ?

I am your oughne love, and eek your wyf,

I am sche that hath savyd your lyf,

And certes ne dede I yow never unright.

Why fare ye thus with me the firste night ?

Ye fare lik a man that hadde lest his wit.

What is my gult ? for Godes love, tel mo it, 240

And it schal be amendid, if that I may.'

'Amendid!' quod this knight, 'alias! nay, nay,

It wol nought ben amendid, never mo ;

Thow art so lothly, and so old also,

And therto comen of so lowh a kynde,

That litil wonder is though I wahve and wyndo ;

So wolde God, myn herte wolde breste ! '

' Is this,' quod sche, ' the cause of your unreste ?'

' Ye, certeynly,' quod he, ' no wonder is !'

' Now, sire,' quod sche, ' I coutho amende al this,

240 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

If that me list, er it were dayes thre, 251

So wel ye mighte bere yow to me.

But for ye speken of such gentilesse

As is descendit out of old richesse,

Therfor schulde ye ben holden gentil men ;

Such arrogaunce is not worth an hen.

Lok who that is most vertuous alway,

Prive and pert, and most entendith ay

To do the gentil dedes that he can,

Tak him for the grettest gentil man. 260

Crist wol we clayme of him oure gentilesse,

Nought of oure eldres for her olde richesse.

For though they yive us al her heritage,

For which we clayme to be of high parage,

Yit may thay not biquethe, for no thing

To noon of us, so vertuous lyvyng,

That made hem gentil men y-callid be,

And bad us folwe hem in such degre.

Wel can the wyse poet of Florence,

That hatte Daunt, speke of this sentence ; 270

Lo, in such maner of rym is Dauntes tale ;

Ful seeld uprisith by his braunchis smale

Prowes of man, for God of his prowesse

Wol that we clayme of him our gentilesse ;

For of our auncestres we no thing clayme

But temporal thing, that men may hurt and

mayme. Ek every wight wot this as wel as I, If gentiles were plaunted naturelly Unto a certayn lignage doun the line, Prive ne apert, they wolde never fine 280

To don of gentilcsce the fair office, Thay mighte nought doon no vileny or vice.

THE WYF OF BATHES TALE. 241

Take fuyr and ber it in the derkest hous Bitwise this and the mount Caukasous, And let men shitte the dores, and go thenne, Yit wol the fuyr as fair and lights brenne As twenty thousand men might it biholde ; His office nature! ay wol it holde, Up peril on my lif, til that it dye. Her may ye se wel, how that genterye 290

Is nought annexid to possessioun, Sithins folk ne doon her operacioun Alway, as doth the fuyr, lo, in his kynde For God it wot, men may ful often fynde A lordes sone do schame and vilonyc. And he that wol have pris of his gentrie, For he was boren of a gentil hous, And had his eldres noble and vertuous, And nyl himselve doo no gentil dedis, Ne folw his gentil aunceter, that deed is, ^u0

He is nought gentil, be he duk or erl ; For vileyn synful deedes maketh a eherl, For gentilnesse nys but renome Of thin auncestres, for her heigh bounte, Which is a straunge thing to thy persone ; Thy gentilesce cometh fro God alloone. Than comth oure verray gentilesse of grace, It was no thing biquethe us with oure place. Thinkcth how nobil, as saith Valerius, Was thilke Tullius Hostilius, sio

That out of povert ros to high noblesse. Redith Senck, and redith eek Boece, Ther schuln ye se cxpresse, that no drcd is, That he is gentil that doth gentil dedis. And thcrfor, licve housbond, I conclude, VOL. 11. R

242 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Al were it that myn auncetres wer rude,

Yit may the highe God, and so hope I,

Graunte me grace to lyve vertuously;

Than am I gentil, whan that I bygynne

To lyve vertuously, and weyven synne. 320

And ther as ye of povert me rcpreve,

The heighe God, on whom that we bilieve,

In wilful povert dies to lede his lif ;

And certes, every man, mayden, or wyf.

May understonde that Jhesus, heven king,

Ne wolde not chese a vicious lyvyng.

Glad povert is an honest thing certayn ;

This wol Senek and other clerkes sayn.

Who that holt him payd of his povert,

I hold him riche, al had he nought a schert. sco

He that coveitith is a pore wight,

For he wold have that is not in his might.

But he that nought hath, ne coveyteth nought to

have, Is riche, although ye hold him but a knave ; Verray povert is synne proprely.

' Juvenal saith of povert merily, The pore man whan he goth by the waye Bifore the theves he may synge and playe. Povert is hatel good, and, as I gesse, A ful gret brynger out of busynesse ; 340

A gret amender eek of sapiens To him that takith it in paciens. Povert is this, although it seme elenge, Possessloun that no wight wil chalenge. Povert, ful often, whan a man is lowe, Makith him his God and eek himself to knowe. Povert a spectacle is, as thinkith me,

THE WYF OF BATHES TALE. 243

Thurgh which he may his verray frendes sc ; And therfor, sir, syth that I yow nought greve, Of my povert no more ye me repreve. sao

' Now, sir, of elde ye repreve me ; And certes, sir, though noon auctorite Were in no book, ye gentils of honour Sayn that men schuld an old wight doon favour, And clepe him fader, for your gentilesse ; And auctours I schal fynden, as I gesse.

' Now ther that ye sayn I am foul and old, Than drede you nought to ben a cokewold. For filthe and elde, al-so mot I the, Ben grete wardeyns upon chastite. 360

But natheles, sith I knowe your delyt, I schal fulfill e youre worldly appctyt. Chese, now,' quod sche, 'oon of these thinges tweye, To have me fold and old til that I deyc, And be to yow a trewe and humble wyf, And never yow displease in al my lvf ; Or elles ye wol have me yong and fair, And take your aventure of the repair That schal be to your hous bycause of me, Or in som other place it may wel be. 370

Now chese yourselven whethir that yow likcth.' This knight avysith him, and sore sikith, But atte last he sayd in this manere :

' My lady and my love, and wyf so deere, I putte me in your wyse governaunce, Chesith yourself which may be most pleasauncc And most honour to yow and me also, I do no fors the whether of the tuo, For as yow likith, it suffisith me.' ' Than have I gete of yow the maystry.' quod sche,

244 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

' Sith I may govern and chese as me list ?' ssi

' Ye certis, wyf,' quod he, ' I hold it best.'

' Kys me,' quod sche, ' we ben no lenger wrothe,

For, by my trouthe, I wol be to vow bothe,

That is to saye, ye, bothe fair and good.

I pray to God that I mot sterve wood ;

But I be to yow al-so good and trcwe

As ever was wyf, siththen the world was newe ;

And but I be to morow as fair to seen

As eny lady, emperesse, or queen, soo

That is bitwixe thest and eek the west,

Doth by my lyf right even as you lest.

Cast up the cortyns, and look what this is.'

And whan the knyght saugh verrayly al this, That sche so fair was, and so yong therto, For joye he hent hir in his amies tuo ; His herte bathid in a bath of blisse, A thousand tyme on rowe he gan hir kisse. And sche obeyed him in every thing That mighte doon him pleisauns or likyng. -ioo And thus thay lyve unto her lyves end In parfyt joye ; and Jhesu Crist us sende Housbondcs meke, yonge, and freissche on bedde, And grace to overbyde hem that we wedde. And eek I pray to Jhesus schort her lyves, That wil nought be governed after her wyves. And old and angry nygardes of despense, God send hem sone vcrray pestilence !

THE PROLOGE OF THE FRERE. 245

THE PROLOGE OF THE FRERE.

ne<A HIS worthy lymytour, this noble Frere, \j&) * He made alway a maner lourynge cheere iw^j Upon the Sompnour, but for honeste No vileyns worde yit to him spak he. But atte last he sayd unto the wyf, ' Dame,' quod he, ' God yive yow good lyf ! Ye han her touehid, al-so mot I the, In scole matier gret diffieulte. Ye han sayd mochel thing right wel, I say ; But dame, right as we ryden by the way, 10

Us needeth nought but for to speke of game, And lete auetorites, in Goddes name, To preching and to scoles of clergie. But if it like to this companye, I wil yow of a sompnour telle a game ; Parde, ye may wel knowe by the name, That of a sompnour may no good be sayd ; I pray that noon of yow be evel apayd ; A sompnour is a renner up and doun With maundementz for fornieacioun, 20

And is y-bete at every tounes eende.'

Our oste spak, ' A ! sir, ye scholde been heende And curteys, as a man of your estaat, In company we wol have no debaat; Telleth your tale, and let the Sompnour be.' ' Nay,' quoth the Sompnour, ' let him sayc to me What so him list ; whan it cometh to my lot, By God ! I schal him quyten every grot.

24G THE CANTERBURY TALES.

I schal him telle which a gret honour Is to ben a fals flateryng lymytour.

And his offis I schal hira telle i-wis.'

Our host answerde, ' Pees, no more of this.'

And after this he sayd unto the Frere,

« Telleth forth your tale, my leve maister deere.'

THE FRERES TALE.

'HILOM there was dwellyng in my countre An erchedeken, a man of gret degro, That boldely did execucioun, In punyschyng of fornicacioun, Of wicchecraft, and eek of bauderye, Of diffamacioun, and avoutrie, Of chirche-reves, and of testamentes, Of contractes, and of lak of sacraments, And eek of many another maner cryme, Which needith not to reherse at this tyme ; 10 Of usur, and of symony also ; But certes lecchours did he grettest woo ; Thay schulde synge, if that they were hent ; And smale tythers thay were fouly schent, If eny persoun wold upon hem pleyne, Ther might astert him no pecunial peyne. For smale tythes and for smal offrynge, He made the poeple pitously to synge. For er the bisschop caught hem in his hook, They weren in the archedeknes book : 20

And hadde thurgh his jurediccioun

THE FRERES TALE. 247

Power to have of hem correceioun.

He had a sompnour redy to his hond,

A slyer boy was noon in Engelond ;

Fid prively he had his espiaile,

That taughte him wher he might avayle.

He eouthe spare of leechours oon or tuo,

To techen him to four and twenty mo.

For though this sompnour wood were as an hare,

To telle his harlotry I wol not spare ; 30

For we ben out of here correceioun,

They have of us no jurediccioun,

Ne never schid to terme of alle her lyves.

' Peter ! so been the wommen of the styves.'

Quod this Sompnour, ' i-put out of oure cures.'

' Pees ! with meschaunce and with mesaventures,'

Thus sayd our host, ' and let him telle his tale.

Now telleth forth, although the Sompnour gale,

Ne spareth nought, myn owne maister deere.'

This false theef, the sompnour, quoth the frere, Had alway bawdes redy to his hond, 41

As eny hank to lure in Engelond, That told him al the secre that they knewe, For here aequeintaunce was not come of ncwe ; Thay were his approwours prively. He took himself a gret profyt therby ; His maister knew nat alway what he wan. Withoutc maundement, a lewed man He eouthe sompne, up peyne of Cristes curs, And thay were glad to fille wel his purs, 50

And make him grete festis atte nale. And right as Judas hadde purses smale And was a theef, right such a theef was he, His maister hadde not half his duete j

248 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

He was (if I sehal yive him his laudc)

A theef, a sompnour, and eek a baude.

And he hadde wenches at his retenue,

That whethir that sir Robert or sir Hu«he,

Or Jak, or Ranf, or who-so that it were,

That lay by hem, thay told it in his eere. eo

Thus was the wenche and he of oon assent.

And he wolde fecche a feyned maundement,

And sompne hem to chapitre bothe tuo,

And pyle the man, and let the wenche go.

Than wold he sayn, ' I schal, frend, for thy sake,

Don strike the out of oure lettres blake ;

The thar no more as in this cas travayle ;

I am thy frend ther I the may avayle.'

Certeynly he knew of bribours mo

Than possible is to telle in yeres tuo ; 70

For in this world nys dogge for the bowe,

That can an hurt deer from an hoi y-knowe,

Bet than this sompnour knew a leccheour,

Or avoutier, or cllis a paramour ;

And for that was the fruyt of al his rent,

Therfore, theron he set al his entent.

And so bifel, that oones on a day This sompnour, ever wayting on his pray, Rod forth to sompne a widew, an old ribibe, Feynyng a cause, for he wolde hem a bribe. so

And happede that he say bifore him ryde A gay yeman under a forest syde ; A bow he bar, and arwes bright and kene, Ho had upon a courtepy of grene, An hat upon his heed, with frenges blake. ' Sir,' quod this sompnour, ' heyl and wel overtake ! ' ' Welcome/ quod he, ' and every good felawe ;

THE FRERES TALE. 249

Whider ridestow under this grene sehawe?'

Sayde this yiman, ' Wiltow f'er to day ? '

This sompnour answerd, and sayde, ' Nay 90

Her faste by,' quod he, ' is myn entent

To ryden, for to reysen up a rent

That longith to my lordes dueteY

' Artow than a bayely ? ' ' Ye,' quod he.

He durste not for verray filth and schame

Sayn that he was a sompnour, for the name.

lDepar dieux!' quod the yeman, ' lieve brother, Thou art a bayly and I am another. I am unknowen, as in this eontre ; Of thin acqueintanee I wol praye the, 100

And eek of brotherheed, if it yow lest. I have gold and silver in my chest ; If that the happe come into oure schire, Al schal be thin, right as thou wolt desire.' ' Graunt mercy,' quod this sompnour, ' by my faith !' Everich in otheres bond his trouthe laith, For to be sworne bretheren til thay dejren. In daliaunce forth thay ride and pleyen.

This sompnour, which that was as ful of jangles, As ful of venym ben these weryangles, 110

And ever enquering upon every thing, ' Brother,' quod he, ' wher now is your dwellyng, Another day if that I schulde yow seeche ? ' This yiman him answered in softe speche : ' Brother,' quod he, ' fer in the north eontre Wheras* I hope somtyme I schal the se. Er we depart I schal the so wel wisse, That of myn hous ne schaltow never misse.' ' Now, brother,' quod this sompnour, ' I yow pray, Teche me; whil that we ryden by the way, 120

250 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Syn that ye ben a baily as am I,

Som subtilte as tel me faithfully 120

In myn office how that I may wynnc.

And spare not for conscicns or for synne,

But, as my brother, tel me how do ye.'

' Now, by my trouthe, brothir myn,' sayd he, ' As I schal telle the a faithful talc. My wages ben ful streyt and eek ful smale ; My lord to me is hard and daungerous, And myn office is ful laborous ; 130

And therfor by extorciouns I lyve, Forsoth I take al that men wil me yive, Algato by sleighte or by violence Fro yer to yer I wynne my despence ; I can no better telle faithfully.'

' Now certes,' quod this sompnour, ' so fare I ; I spare not to take, God it woot, But-if it be to bevy or to hoot. What I may gete in counseil prively, No more conseiens of that have I. 110

Nere myn extorcions, I mighte not lyven, Ne of such japes I wil not be schriven. Stomak ne conscience know I noon ; I schrew thes schrifte-fadrcs everychoon. Wei be we met, by God and by seint Jame ! But, leve brother, telle me thy name,' Quod this sompnour. In this mene-while This yeman gan a litel for to smyle. ' Brotliir,' quod he, ' woltow that I the telle ? I am a feend, my dwellyng is in helle, reo

And her I ryde about my purchasyng, To wite wher men wol yive me eny thing. • My purchas is theffect of al my rent.

THE FRERES TALE. 251

Loke how thou ridest for the same entent To wynne good, thou rekkist never how, Right so fare I, for ryde I wolde now Unto the worldes ende for a pray.'

'A! ' quod the sompnour, ' benedicite,wh.eLt ye say? I wende ye were a yeraan trewely. Ye han a mannes schap as wel as I, ieo

Have ye a figure than determinate In helle, ther ye ben in your estate ? ' ' Nay, certeynly,' quod he, ' ther have we non, But whan us likith we can fake us on, Or ellis make yow seme that we ben schape Horn tyme like a man, or like an ape ; Or lik an aungel can I ryde or go ; It is no wonder thing though it be so A lousy jogelour can decyve the, And, parfay, yit can I more craft than he.' no

'Why,' quod this sompnour, 'ryde ye than or goon In sondry wyse, and nought alway in oon ? ? ' For,' quod he, ' we wol us in such forme make, As most abil is oure pray to take.' ' What makith yow to have al this labour ?' ' Ful many a cause, lieve sir sompnour,' Sayde this feend. ' But al thing hath a tyme ; The day is schort, and it is passed prime. And yit ne wan I nothing in this day ; I wol entent to wynnyng, if I may, iso

And not entende oure thinges to declare ; For, brother myn, thy wit is al to bare To understoncl, although I told hem the. For but thou axid whi laboure we ; For som tyme we ben Goddis instrumentes And menes to don his comaundementes,

252 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Whan that him list, upon his creatures,

In divers act and in divers figures.

Withouten him we have no might certeyn,

If that him liste stonde ther ageyn. 100

And som tyme at our prayer have we leeve,

Only the body, and not the soule greve ;

Witnes on Jope, whom we dide ful avo.

And som tyme have wo might of bothe tuo,

This is to say of body and soule eeke.

And som tyme be we suffred for to seeke

Upon a man, and doon his soule unrest

And not his body, and al is for the best.

Whan he withstondith oure temptacioun,

It is a cause of his savaeioun, 200

Al be it so it was nought oure entente

He schulde be sauf, but that we wold him hente.

And som tyme we ben servaunt unto man,

As to therchebisschop seynt Dunstan,

And to thapostolis, servaunt was I.'

' Yit tel me,' quod the sompnour, ' faithfully, Make ye yow newe bodies alway Of elementz ? ' The fend answerde, ' Nay ; Som tyme we feyne, and som tyme we ryse With dede bodies, in ful wonder wyse, 210

And speke renably, and as fair and wel As to the Phitonissa dede Samuel ; And yit wol somme say, it was not he. I do no fors of your divinite. But oon thing warne I the, I wol not jape, Thou wilt algates wite how we ben schape : Thou schalt herafter-ward, my brother deere, Com, wher the nedith nothing for to leere, For thou schalt by thin oughn experience

THE FEERES TALE. 253

Conne in a ehayer reden of this sentence 220

Bet than Virgile, whils he was on lyre,

Or Daunt also. Now let us ryde blyve,

For I wol holde company with the,

Til it be so that thou forsake me.'

' Nay,' quod the sompnour, ' that schal nought betyde.

I am a yiman that knowen is ful wyde ;

My trouthe wol I holde, as in this caas.

For though thou be the devyl Sathanas,

My trouthe wol I holde to the, my brother,

As I am swore, and ech of us to other, 230

For to be trewe bretheren in this caas ;

For bothe we goon abouten oure purchas.

Tak thou thi part, and that men wil the yyven,

And I schal myn, thus may we bothe lyven.

And if eny of us have more than other,

Let him be trewe, and part it with his brother.'

' I graunte,' quod the devel, ' by my fay ! '

And with that word thay riden forth her way ;

And right at thentryng of a townes ende,

To which this sompnour schope him for to wende,

Thay seigh a cart, that ehargid was with hay, 211

Which that a carter drof forth in his way.

Deep was the way, for which the carte stood ;

This carter smoot, and cryde as he wer wood,

' Hayt, brok; hayt, scot ; what spare ye for the

stoones ? The fend,' quod he, ' yow fech body and bones, As ferforthly as ever wer ye folid ! So moche wo as I have with yow tholid ! The devyl have al, both cart and hors and hay ! ' This sompnour sayde, ' Her schal we se play.' 200 And nor the feend he drough, as nought ne were,

254 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Ful prively, and rouncd in his eere,

' Herke, my brother, herke, by thi faith !

No herest nought thou what the carter saith ?

Hent it anoon, for he hath yiven it the,

Bothe hay and caples, and eek his cart, parde ! '

' Nay,' quod the devyl, ' God wot, never a del, It is nought his entente, trustith wel, Ask it thiself, if thou not trowist me, Or ellis stint a while and thou schalt se.' 2<:o

This carter thakketh his hors upon the croupe, And thay bygonne to drawen and to stowpe. ' Hayt now,' quod he, ' ther Jhesu Crist yow blesse, And al his hondwerk, bothe more and lesse ! That was wel twight, myn oughne lyard boy, I pray God save thy body and seint Loy ! Now is my cart out of the sloo parde ! ' ' Lo ! brother,' quod the feend, ' what told I the ? Her may ye seen, 111311 owne deere brother, The carter spak oon thing, and thought another. 270 Let us go forth abouten our viage ; Hier wynne I nothing upon cariage.'

Whan that thay comen somwhat out of tounc, This sompnour to his brothir gan to roune ; ' Brothir/ quod he, ' her wonyth an old rebekke, That had almost as lief to leesc hir necke, As for to yive a peny of hir good. I wol han tivelfipens though that sche go wood, Or I wol somone hir to oure office ; And yit, God wot, I know of hir no vice. sso

But for thou canst not, as in this contre, Wynne thy cost, tak her ensample of me.' This sompnour clapped at the widowes gate ; ' Com out,' quod he, ' thou olde viritrate ;

THE FRERES TALE. 255

I trowe thou hast som frere or prest with the.'

'Who clappith ther?' sayde this widow, 'benedicite

God save yow, sir ! what is your swete wille V

' I have,' quod he, ' a somonaunee of a billc,

Up payne of cursyng, loke that thou be

To morwe biforn our erchedeknes kne, 290

To answere to the court of certeyn thinges.'

' Now,' quod sche, ' Jhesu Crist, and king of kinges,

So wisly helpe me, as I ne may.

I have ben seek, and that ful many a day.

I may not goon so fer ;' quod sche, ' ne ryde,

But I be deed, so prikith it in my syde.

May I nat aske a lybel, sir sompnour,

And answer ther by my procuratour

To suche thing as men wol oppose me ?'

' Yis,' quod this sompnour, ' pay anoon, let sc, 300

Twelf pens to me, and I the wil acquite.

I schal no profyt have therby but lite ;

My mayster hath the profyt and not I.

Com of, and let me ryden hastily ;

Yif me my twelf pens, I may no lenger tarye.'

' Twelf pens?' quod sche, 'now lady seintc Marye

So wisly help me out of care and synne,

This wyde world though that I schulde wynne,

Ne have I not twelf pens withinne myn hold.

Ye knowen wel that I am pore and old ; sio

Kithe youre almes on me pore wrecche.'

' Nay than,' quod he, ' the foule fend me fecche!

If I thexcuse, though thou schalt be spilt.'

' Alias !' quod sche, ' God wot, I have no gilt.'

' Pay me/ quod he, ' or by the swete scint Anne

As I wol bere away thy newe panne

For dette, which thou owest me of old,

256 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Whan that thou madest thin housbond cokewold,

I payd at hom for thy cor-rcccioun.'

' Thou lixt,' quod sche, ' by my savacioun, 320

Ne was I never cr now, wydow nc wyf,

Somound unto your court in al my lyf ;

Ne never I was but of my body trewe.

Unto the devel rough and blak of hicwe

Yive I thy body and the panne also ! '

And whan the devyl herd hir curse so

Upon hir knees, he sayd in this manere :

' Now, Mabely, myn owne modir deerc,

Is this your wil in ernest that ye seye ? '

' The devel,' quod sche, ' fecche him er he deye,

And panne and al, but he wol him repente ! ' 331

' Nay, olde stot, that is not myn entente,' Quod this sompnour, ' for to repente me For eny thing that I have had of the ; I wold I had thy smok and every cloth.'

' Now brothir,' quod the devyl, ' be not wroth ; Thy body and this panne is myn by right. Thou schalt with me to helle yit to night, Wher thou schalt knowen of our privete More than a maistcr of diviniteV 210

And with that word the foule fend him hento; Body and soule, he with the devyl wente, Wher as the sompnours han her heritage ; And God that maked after his ymage Mankynde, save and gyde us alio and some, And leene this sompnour good man to bycome.

' Lordyngs, I couth han told yow,' quod the fine, < Had I had leysir for this sompnour here, After the text of Crist, and Powel, and Jon; And of oure other doctours many oon, 300

THE FRERE3 TALE. 257

Such peynes that our herte might agrise,

Al be it so, no tonge may devyse,

Thou that I might a thousand wynter telle,

The peyn of thilke cursed hous of helle.

But for to kepe us from that cursed place,

Wakith, and prayeth Jhcsu for his grace,

So kepe us fro the temptour Sathanas.

Herknith this word, both war as in this cas.

The lyoun syt in his awayt alway

To slen the innocent, if that he ma)-. 360

Disposith youre hertes to withstonde

The fend, that wolde make yow thral and bonde ;

He may not tempte yow over your might,

For Crist wol be your champioun and knight ;

And prayeth, that oure Sompnour him repentc

Of his mysdede, er that the fend him henle.'

VOL. II.

258 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

THE SOMPNOURES PROLOGE.

to^a HIS Sompnour in his styrop up he stood, ffljr Upon the Frere his hertewas so wood,

1

(\Sel Kf'iinj That lyk an aspen leef he qnok for ire.

^^^ ' Lordyngs,' quod he, ' but oon thing I

desire; I yow biseke, that of your eurtesye, Syn ye han herd this false Frere lye, As suffrith me I may my tale telle. This Frere bosteth that he knowith hellc, And, God it wot, that is litil wonder, Freres and feendes been but litel asonder. ic

For, pardy, ye han often tyme herd telle, How that a frere ravyscht was to helle In spirit ones by a visioun, And as an aungel lad him up and doun, To schewen him the peynes that ther were, In al the place saugh he not a frere, Of other folk he saugh y-nowe in wo. Unto this aungel spak this frere tho : " Now, sire," quod he, " han freres such a grace, That noon of hem schal comen in this place ? " ^o " Yis," quod this aungil, " many a mylioun." And unto Sathanas he lad him doun. " And now hath Sathanas," saith he, " a tayl Brodcr than of a carrik is the sayl." " Hold up thy tayl, thou Sathanas," quod he, " Schcw forth tliyn ars, and let the frere se Wher is the nest of freres in this place."

THE SOMJPNOtfRES TALE. 259

And cr than half a forlong way of space,

Eight so as bees swarmen out of an hyve,

Out of the develes ers thay gonne dryvc, so

Twenty thousand freres on a route,

And thorughout helle swarmed al aboute,

And comen cnjeine, as fast as thay maye goon,

And in his ers thay crepen everichoon.

He clappid his tayl agayn, and lay ful stille.

This frere, whan he loked had his fille

Upon the torment of this sory place,

His spirit God restored of his grace

Unto his body agayn, and he awook ;

But natheles for fere yit he quook, 40

So was the develes ers yit in his mynde,

That is his heritage of verray kynde.

God save yow alle, save this cursed Frere ;

My proloug wol I cnde in this manerc.'

X

THE SOMPNOURES TALE.

IftfSS 0RDYNGS» thcr is in Engelond, I gcssc, W^r^y A mersschly lond called Holdernesse, 44CM In which ther went a lymvtour aboute To prcchc, and eek to beggc, it is no doubte. And so bifel it on a day this frere Had(/e prechcd at a chirch in his manerc, And specially aboven every thing Excited he the poepul in his preching To trentals, and to yive for Goddis sake,

260 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Wherivith men mightcn holy houses make, 10

T her as divine servys is honoured,

Nought ther as it is wasted and devoured ;

Neither it needeth not for to be yive,

As to possessioneres, that mow lyvc,

Thanked be God, in wclc and abundaunce.

' Trentals,' sayd he, ' dclyvereth fro penaunce

Her frendes soules, as wel eld as yonge,

Ye, whanne that thay hastily ben songe,

Nought for to hold a prest jolif and gay,

He syngith not but oon masse in a day. 2:1

Delyverith out anon,' quod he, ' the soules.

Ful hard it is, with fleischhok or with oules

To ben y-clawed, or brend, or i-bakc ;

Now speed yow hastily for Cristes sake.'

And whan this frere hadcZe sayd al his entente, With qui cum patre, forth his way he wente.

Whan folk in ehirch had yive him what hem leste,

He went his way, no lenger wold he rest.-,

With scrip and pyked staf, y-touked hye ;

In every hous he gan to pore and pryc, so

And beggyde mele or chese, or ellis corn.

His felaw had a staf typped with horn,

A payr of tablis al of yvory,

And a poyntel y-polischt fetisly,

And wroot the names alway as he stood

Of alle folk that yaf him eny good,

Ascaunce that he woldc for hem prcye.

' Yif us a busshel whet, or malt, or reye,

A Goddes kichil, or a trip of chese,

Or elles what yow list, we may not chese ; 40

X Goddes halpeny, or a masse peny ;

Or yif us of youve braune, if ye have eny,

THE sohpnoub.es tale. 2G1

A dagoun of your blanket, leeve dame,

Oure suster deer,— lo ! her I write your name—

Bacoun or beef, or such thing as we fynde.'

A stourdy harlot ay went hem byhynde,

That was her hostis man, and bar a sale,

And what men yaf hem, layd it on his bale.

And whan that he was out atte dore, anoon

He planed out the names everyehoon, co

That he biforn hadde writen in his tablis ;

He served hem with nyfles and with fablis.

' Nay, ther thou lixt, thou Sompnour,' sayde the Frerc. ' Pees,' quod our host. ' for Cristes moder deere, Tel forth thy tale, and spare it not at al.' ' So thrive I,' quod tho Sompnour, ' so I schal !'

So long he wente hous by hous, til he Cam til an hous, ther he was wont to be Refresshid mor than in an hundrid plaeis. Syk lay the housbond man, whos that the place is, 6) Bedred upon a couche lowe he lay. ' Deus hie,' quod he, ' 0 Thomas, frend, good day !' Sayde this frcre al curteysly and softe. < 0 Thomas, God yeld it yow, ful ofte Have I upon this bench i-fare ful wcl, Her have I eten many a mery mel.' And fro the bench he drof away the cat, And layd adoun his potent and his hat, And eek his scrip, and set him soft adoun ; His felaw was go walkid in the toun 70

Forth with his knave, into the ostelrye, Wlier as he schop him thilke night to lye. ' 0 deere maister,' quod the seeke man, ' How have ye fare siththe March bygan ?

262 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

I saygh yow nought this fourtenight or more'

' God wot,' quod lie, ' lahord have I fid sore ; And specially for thy salvaeioun Have I sayd many a precious orisoun, And for myn other frendes, God hem blesse. I have to day ben at your chirche at messe, 80 And sayd a sermoun after my simple wit, Nought al after the text of holy wrvt. For it is hard for yow, as I suppose, And therfor wil I teche yow ay the glose. Glosyng is a ful glorious thing certayn, For letter sleth, so as we elerkes sayn. Ther have I taught hem to be chariteable, And spend her good ther it is reasonable ; And there I seigh our dame, wher is she ?' ' Yond in the yerd I trowe that sche be,' po

Sayde this man, ' and sche wil come anoon.'

' Ey, mayster, welcome be ye, by seint Johan ! ' Sayde this wyf, ' how fare ye hertily ?'

The frere ariseth up ful curteysly, And her embracith in his amies narwe, And kist hir swete, and chirkith as a sparwe With his lippes : ' Dame/ quod he, ' right wel, As he that is your scrvaunt everydel. Thankyd be God, that yow yaf soule and lif, Yit saugh I not this day so fair a wyf ico

In al the chirche, God so save me.'

' Ye, God amend defautes, sir,' quod sche, ' Algates welcome be ye, by my fay.' ' Graunt mercy, dame ; this have I found alway. But of your grete goodnes, by youre leve, I wolde pray yow that ye yow not greeve, I wil with Thomas spekc a litel throwe ;

THE SOMPNOURES TALE. 2G3

These curates ben ful negligent and slowe

To grope tendurly a conscience.

In schrift and preching is my diligence, no

And study in Petres wordes and in Foules,

I walk and fissche Cristen mennes soules,

To yelde Jhesu Crist his propre rent ;

To spreden his word is al rayn entcnt.'

' Now, by your leve, o deere sir,' quod sche, <■ Chyd him right wel for seinte Trinite. lie is as angry as a pissemyre, Though that he have al that he can desire, Though I him wrye on night, and make him warm, And over him lay my leg other myn arm, 120

lie groneth lik our boor, that lith in sty. Othir disport of him right noon have I, I may please him in no maner caas.'

' 0 Thomas, jeo vous dy, Thomas, Thomas, This makth the feend, this moste ben amendid. Ire is a thing that highe God defendid, And therof wold I speke a word or tuo.'

' Now, maistcr,' quod the wyf, ' er that I go, What wil ye dine ? I will go theraboute.' < Now, dame,' quod he, ' jeo vous dy saunz doutc, 130 Have I not of a capoun but the lyvere, And of your softe brede but a schivere, And after that a rostyd pigges heed, (But that I wolde for me no best were deed) Than had I with yow homly suffisaunce. I am a man of litel sustinaunce. My spirit hath his fostryng on the Bible. The body is ay so redy and so penyble To wake, that my stomak is destroyed. 1 pray yow, dame, that ye be not anoyed, uo

204 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

For I so frendly yow my counseil schewe ; By God! I nolde not telle it but a fewe.'

' Now, sir/ quod sehe, ' but o word er I go. My child is deed withinne thise wykes tuo, Soon after that ye went out of this toun.'

' His deth saugh I by revelaeioun,' Sayde this frcre, ' at boom in oure dortour. I dar wel sayn, er that half an hour After his deth, I seigh him born to blisse In myn avysioun, so God me wisse. 150

So did our sextein, and our fermerero, That han ben trewe freres many a yere ; Thay may now, God be thanked of his lone,' Maken her jubile, and walk alloone. But up I roos, and al our covent eeke, With many a teere trilling on my cheeke, Te Deum was our song, and nothing ellis, Withouten noys or clateryng of bellis, Save that to Crist I sayd an orisoun, Thankyng him of my revelaeioun. ico

For, sire and dame, trustith mo right wel, Our orisouns ben more effectuel, And more we se of Goddis seere thinges, Than borel folk, although that thay ben kinges. Wo lyvc in povert and in abstinence, And borel folk in riches and dispence Of mete and drink, and in her ful delyt. We han this worldes lust al in clespyt. Lazar and Dives lyveden diversely. And divers guerdoun hadde thay thereby. no

Who-so wol praye, he muste faste, and be clene, And fatte his soule, and make his body lene. We faren, as saith thapostil ; cloth and foode

THE S0MPN0U11ES TALE. 26o

Sufficeth us, though that thay ben not goodo.

The elennes and the fastyng of us freres

Makith that Crist acceptith ouro prayeres.

Lo, Moyses fourty dayes and fourty night

Fasted, er that the highe God of might

Spak with him in the mount of Synay ;

With empty wombe fastyng many a day, ieo

Reeeyved he the lawe, that was writen

With Goddis fynger; and Ell, wel ye witen,

In mount Oreb, or he had any speche

With highe God, that is oure lyves leche,

He fastid, and was in eontemplaeioun.

Aron, that hadcfc the temple in governaeioun,

And eek the other prcstes cverychoon,

Into the temple whan thay sehulden goon

To preye for the poeple, and doon servise,

Thay nolden drinken in no manor wise 190

No drynke, which that dronke might hem make,

But ther in abstinence prey and wake,

Lest that they diden ; tak heed what I saye —

But thay ben sobre that for the pcpul praye—

War that I say — no mor ; for it suffisith.

Oure Lord Jhesu, as oure lore devysith,

Yaf us ensampil of fastyng and prayeres ;

Therfore we mendivantz, we sely freres,

Ben wedded to povert and to continence,

To charite, humblessc, and abstinence, 200

To persecucioun for rightwisnesse,

To wepyng, miserioord, and clennessc.

And therfor may ye seen that oure prayeres

(T speke of us, we mendeaunts, we freres)

Ben to the hihc God more acceptable

Than youres, with your festis at your table.

23G THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Fro Paradis first, if I sehal not lye,

Was man out ehaced for his glotonye,

And ehast was man in Paradis certeyn.

But now herk, Thomas, what I schal the seyn, 210

I ne have no tixt of it, as I suppose,

But I schal fynd it in a maner glose ;

That specially our swete Lord Jhesus

Spak this by freres, whan he sayde thus,

Blessed be thay that pover in spirit ben.

And so forth in the gospel ye maye seen,

Whether it be likir oure professioun,

Or heris that swymmen in possessioun.

Fy on her pomp, and on her glotenye,

And on her lewydnesse ! I hem defye. 220

Me thinkith thay ben lik Jovynian,

Fat as a whal, and walken as a swan ;

Al vinolent as hotel in the spence.

Her prayer is of ful gret reverence ;

Whan thay for soules sayn the Psalm of David,

Lo, boef thay say, Cor meum eructavit.

Who folwith Cristes gospel and his lore

But we, that humble ben, and chast, and pore,

Workers of Goddes word, not auditours ?

Therfor right as an hauk upon a sours 230

Upspringeth into timer, right so prayeres

Of charitabil and chaste busy freres

Maken our sours to Goddis eeres tuo.

Thomas, Thomas, so mote I ryde or go,

And by that Lord that clepid is seint Ive,

Ner thou oure brother, sehuldestow never thrive.

In oure chapitre pray we clay and night

To Crist, that he the sende hele and might

Thy body for to welden hastily.'

THE SOMPNOUBES tale. 207

' God wot,' quod he, ' therof nought feelo I, 210 As help me Crist, as I in fewe yeeres Have spendid upon many diveris freres Ful many a pound, yet fare I never the bet ; Certeyn my good have I almost byset. Farwel my gold, for it is almost ago.' The frere answerd, ' 0 Thomas, dostow so ? What needith yow dyverse freres seehe ? What needith him that hath a parfyt leehe To sechen othir leches in the toun ? Youre ineonstanee is youre confusioun. 250

Holde ye than me, or elles oure covent, To praye for yow insufficient ? Thomas, that jape is not worth a myte ; Youre malady is for we have to lite. A ! yive that covent half a quarter otes ; A ! yive that covent four and twenty grotcs ; A ! yive that frere a peny, and let him go • Nay, nay, Thomas, it may nought be so. What is a ferthing worth depart in tuelve ? Lo, ech thing that is ooned in himselve 200

Is more strong than whan it is to-skatrid. Thomas, of me thou schalt not ben y-flatrid, Thow woldist have our labour al for nought. The hihe God, that al this world hath wrought Saith, that a workman is worthy his hyre. Thomas, nought of your tresor I desire As for myself, but for that oure covent To praye for yow is ay so diligent ; And for to buylden Cristes holy chirehe. Thomas, if ye wil lerne for to wirche, 270

Of buyldyng up of chirches may ye fynde If it be good, in Thomas lyf of Ynde,

203 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Ye lye her ful of anger and of ire,

With which the clevel set your hert on fuyre,

And chyden her the holy innocent

Your wyf, that is so meke and pacient.

And therfor trow me, Thomas, if thou list,

Ne stryve nought with thy wyf, as for thi best

And ber this word away now by thy faith,

Touchinge such thing, lo, the wise man saith, 2&0

Withinne thin hous be thou no lyoun ;

To thy subjects do noon oppressioun ;

Ne make thyn acqucyntis fro the fie.

And yit, Thomas, eftsons I charge the,

13e war for ire that in thy bosom slepith,

War for the serpent, that so slehj crepith

Under the gras, and styngith prively ;

Be war, my sone, and werk paeiently,

For twenty thousend men han lost her lyves

For stryvyng with her lemmans and her wyves. 290

Now syns ye han so holy and meeke a wif,

What nedith yow, Thomas, to make strif '?

Ther nys, i-wis, no serpent so cruel,

When men trede on his tail, ne half so fel,

As womman is, when sche hath caught an ire :

Vengeans is thanne al that thay desire.

Schortly may no man, by rym and vers,

Tellen her thoughtcs, thay ben so dyvers.

Ire is a sinne, oon the grete of sevene,

Abhominable to the God of hevenc, soo

And to himself it is destruccioun.

This every lowed vicory or parsoun

Can say, how ire engendrith homicide ;

Ire is in soth executour of pride.

I couthe of ire seyn so moche sorwe,

THE SOMPNOUPES TALE. 260

My talc sehuldc lastc til to monvc.

Iro is the grate of synne, as saith tlie wise,

To fie therfro cch man schuld him devyse.

And therfor pray I God bo the day and night,

An irons man God send him litil might. ;;:o

It is greet harm, and also great pite,

To set an irons man in high degre.

' Whilom ther was an irous potestate, As seith Senek, that dnryng his estaat Upon a day out riden knightes tuo ; And, as fortune woldc right as it were so, That oon of hem cam home, that other nought. A noon the knight bifore the juge is brought, That sayde thus, Thou hast thy felaw slayn, For which I deme the to deth certayn S20

And to anothir knight comaundid he, Go, lede him to the deth, I charge the. And happed, as thay wente by the weye Toward the place ther he sehuldc dcyc, The knight com, which men wend hadde bo deed. Than thoughtcn thay it were the beste reed To lede hem bothe to the jngc agayn. Thay sayden, Lord, the knight hath not slayn His felaw ; lo, beer he stont hool on lyvc. Ye schal be deed, quod he, so mote I thrive ! 3:0 That is to sayn, bothe oon, tuo, and thrc. And to the firste knyght right thus spak he ; I deme the, thou most algate be deed. Than thonghte thay it were the beste rede, To lede him forth into a fair mode. And, quod the juge, also thou most lese thin heed, For thou art cause why thy felaw deyth. And to the thridde felaw thus he seith ;

270 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Thou hast nought doon that I eomaundid the.

And thus let don sle hem alle thre. 340

Irous Cambises was eek dronkelewe,

And ay delited him to ben a schrewe ;

And so bifel, a lord of his meigne,

That loved vertucs, and eek moralite,

Sayd on a day bitwix hem tuo right thus,

A lord is lost, if he be vicious ;

An irous man is lik a frentik best,

In which ther is of wisdom noon arrest ;

And dronkenes is eek a foul record

Of any man, and namly of a lord. 550

Ther is ful many an eyghe and many an cere

Awaytancl on a lord, and he not where.

For Goddes love, drynk more attemperelly :

Wyn makith man to lese wrecchedly

His mynde, and eek his lymes everichoon.

The revers schaltow seen quod he, anoon,

And prove it by thin owne experience,

That wyn ne doth to folk non such offence.

Ther is no won byreveth me my wight

Of hond, of foot, ne of myn eyghe sight. 300

And for despyt he dronke moche more

An hundrid part than he hadde doon byfore ;

And right anoon, this irous cursid wrecchc

Let this knightcs sonc anoon biforn him fecehe.

Comaundyng hem thay schulde biforn him stonde ;

And sodeinly he took his bowe on honde,

And up the streng he pullcde to his eere,

And with an arwe he slough the child right there.

Now whethir have I a sikur hond or noon ?

Quod he, Is al my mynde and might agoon ? 370

Hath wyn byrcvyd me myn eye sight ?

THE SOMPNOURES TALE. 271

What sohuld I telle the answer of the knight ?

His sone was slayn, ther is no more to saye.

Be war thcrfor with lorries how ye playe,

Syngith Placebo, and I schal if I can.

But-if it be unto a pore man ;

To a pore man men schuld his vices telle,

But not to a lord, they he schulde go to helle.

Lo, irous Cirus thilke Percien,

How he destruyede the ryver of Gysen, 3S0

For that an hors of his was dreynt therinne,

Whan that he wente Babiloyne to Wynne :

He made that the ryver was so smal,

That wommen mighte wade it overal.

Lo, what sayde he, that so wel techc can ?

Ne be no felaw to an irous man,

Ne with no wood man walke by the waye,

Lest the repent. I wel no lenger saye.

Now, Thomas, leve brother, leve thin ire,

Thow schalt me fynde as just as is a squire ; 890

Thyn anger doth the al to sore smerte,

Hald not the clevcles knyf ay at thyn herte,

But schewe to me al thy confessioun.'

' Nay,' quod this syke man, ' by seynt Symoun, I have ben schriven this day of my curate : I have him told holly al myn estate. Nedith no more to speken of it, saith he, But if me list of myn humilite.'

' Yif me than of thy good to make our cloyster,' Quod he, ' for many a muscle and many an oyster Hath ben oure foodc, our cloyster to arreyse, 401 Whan other men han ben ful wel at cyse ; And yit, God wot, unncthc the foundement Parformed is, ne of oure pavyment

272 THE CANTERBURY7 TALE;:,

Is nought a tyle yit withinne our wones;

By God, we owe yit fourty pound for stonea.

Now help, Thomas, for him that harewed helle,

Or ellcs mooto we ourc bookt\s selle ;

And yif yow lakke oure prcdieacioun,

Thannc goth the world al to destruccioun. -no

For who-so wold us fro the world byreve,

So God me save, Thomas, by youre leve,

He wolde byreve out of this world the sonne.

For who can teche and wcrken as we conne ?

And this is not of litel tyme,' quod he,

' But siththen Elye was her, or Eh'scc,

Flan frcrcs ben, fynde I of record,

In charite, i-thankecl be oure Lord.

Now, Thomas, help for seynte Charite.'

Adoun he sctte him anoon on his knc. 120

This sikc man wcx wel neigh wood for ire, He wolde that the frcrc had ben on fuyre With his fals dissimulacioun. ' Such thing as is in my possessioun,' Quod he, ' that may I yeve yow and noon other ; Ye sayn me thus, how that I am your brother.' ' Ye eertes,' quod the frcre, ' trustcth wel ; I took our dame the letter, under our sel.' * Now wel,' quod he, ' and somewhat schal I yive Unto your holy convent whils that I lyve ; 4.;o

And in thyn hond thou schalt it have anoon, On this condicioun, and other noon, That thou depart it so, my decrc brother, That every frerc have as mochc as other, Thys schaltow swere on thy professioun, Withoutcn fraudc or cavillacioun.' ' I swere it,' quod this frcre, ' upon my faith.'

THE SOMPNOUftES TALE. 273

And thenvith his hond in his he laith ;

' Lo her myn hond, in me schal be no lak.'

' Now thanne, put thyn hond doun at my bale,' no

Sayde this man, ' and grop wel byhynde,

Bynethc my bnttok, there schaltow fynde

A thing, that I have hud in priveteV

' A ! thought this frcre, ' that schal go with me.'

And doun his hond he launchede to the clifte,

In hope for to fynde ther a yifte.

And whan this syke man felte this frerc Aboute his tuel grope ther and heere, Amyd his hond he leet the freere a fart ; Ther is no capul drawyng in a cart 4^o

That might have let a fart of such a soun. The frere upstart, as doth a wood lyoun : ' A ! false cherl,' quod he, ' for Goddes bones ! This hastow in despit don for the noones ; Thou sehalt abye this fart, if that I may.'

His meyne, which that herd of this affray, Com lepand in, and chased out the frere. And forth he goth with a foul angry cheerc, And fat his felaw, there as lay his stoor ; He lokid as it were a wylde boor, <tco

And grynte with his teeth, so was he wroth. A stordy paas doun to the court he goth, Wher as ther wonyd a man of gret honour, To whom that he was alway confessour ; This worthy man was lord of that village. This frere com, as he were in a rage, Wher that this lord sat etyng at his bord : Unnethe mighte the frere speke a word, Til atte last he sayde, ' God yow se !' This lord gan loke, and sayde, Bcnedicite ! -*70

TOL. II. T

274 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

What, frcrc Johan ! what maner world is this? I se right wel that som thing is amys ; Ye loke as though the woode were ful of thevys. Sit doun anoon, and tel me what your gref is, And it schal ben amendit, if that I may.'

' I have/ quod he, ' had a despit to day, God yelde yow, adoun in youro vilage, That in this world is noon so pore a page, That he nold have abhominacioun Of that I have receyved in youre toun ; 130

And yet ne grevith me no thing so sore, As that this elde cherl, with lokkes hore, Blasphemed hath our holy covent eeke.' ' Now, maister,' quod this lord, ' I yow biseke.' ' No maister, sir,' quod he, ' but servitour, Though I have had in scole such honour. God likith not that Raby men us ealle, Neither in market, neyther in your large halle.' ' No fors,' quod he, ' tellith me al your greef.' This frcre sayde, ' Sire, an odious meschief 400 This day bytid is to myn ordre and to me, And so par consequent to ech degre Of holy chirche, God amend it soonc !' ' Sir,' quod the lord, ' ye wot what is to doone ; Distempre yow nought, ye ben my confessour, Ye ben the salt of therthe, and savyour : For Goddes love, youre pacience ye holde ; Tel me your greef.' And he anoon him tolde As ye ban herd bifore, ye wot wel what.

The lady of that hous ay stille sat, 500

Til sche had herd what the frere saydc. ' Ey Goddes moodir !' quod she, ' blisful mayde! Is ther ought elles ? tel me faithfully.'

THE SOMPNOUEES TALE. 275

' Madame/ quod he, ' how thynke yow thcrby ? ' ' How that me thynkith ?' quod sche ; ' so God mo

speede ! I say, a cherl hath doou a cherles dcedc. What schuld I say ? God let him never the ! His syke heed is fidl of vanyte. I hold him in a manor frenesye.' ' Madame,' quod he, ' I-wis I schal not lye, mo But I in othir wise may be a wrcke, I schal defame him ovcral whcr I speke ; The false blasfememour, that chargide me To parten that wil not departed be, To every man y-liche, with mesehaunce ! '

The lord sat stille, as he were in a traunce, And in his hert he rollid up and doun, 1 How hadde this cherl ymaginaeioun To schewe such a probleme to the frere ? Never erst er now herd I of such maticre ; 520 I trowe the devel put it in his mynde. In arsmetrik schal thcr no man fynde Biforn this day of such a questioun. Who schulde make a demonstraeioun, That every man schuld have alyk his part As of a soun or savour of a fart ? 0 nyce proude cherl, I schrcw his face ! Lo, sires,' quod the lord, with harde grace, ' Who ever herde of such a thing er now ? To every man y-likc ? tel me how. 500

It is impossible, it may not be. Ey, nyee cherl, God let him never the ! The romblyng of a fart, and every soun, Nis but of aier reverbcracioun, And ever it wastith lyte and lyt away ;

27G THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Thcr nys no man can deme, by my fay,

If that it were departed equally.

What, lo, my che-rl, what, lo, how schrewedly

Unto my confessour to day he spak !

I hold him certeinly demoniak. 540

Now etith your mete, and let the chcrl go play,

Let him go honge himself on devel way !'

Now stood the lordes squier at the bord, That carf his mete, and hercle word by word Of al this thing, which that I of have sayd. ' My lord,' quod he, ' be ye nought evel payd, I couthe telle for a gowne-cloth To yow, sir frere, so that ye be not wroth, How that this fart even departed schulde be Among your covent, if I comaunded be. 550

' Tel,' quod the lord, ' and thou schalt have anoon A goune-cloth, by God, and by Seint Johan ! ' ' My lord,' quod he, ' whan that the wedir is fair, Withoute wynd, or per tour by ng of ayr, Let bring a carte whel her into this halle, But lolce that it have his spokes alle ; Twelf spokes hath a cart whel comunly ; And bring me twelve freres, wit ye why ? For threttene is a covent as I gesse ; Your noble confessour, her God him blesse, jeo Schal parfourn up the nombre of this covent. Thanne schal they knele doun by oon assent,- And to every spokes ende in this manere Ful sadly lay his nose schal ech a frere ; Your noble confessour ther, God him save, Schal hold his nose upright under the nave. Than schal this churl, with bely stif and tought As ony tabor, hider ben y-brought ;

THE SOMPNOURES TALE. 277

And sette him on the whele of this cart

Upon the nave, and make him lete a fart, 570

And ye schul seen, up peril of my lif,

By verray proef that is dcmonstratif,

That equally the soun of it wol wende,

And eek the stynk, unto the spokes ende ;

Save that this worthy man, your confcssour,

(Bycause he is a man of gret honour)

Schal have the firste fruyt, as resoun is.

The noble usage of freres is this.

The worthy men of hem first schal be served.

And certeynly he hath it wel deserved ; 530

He hath to day taught us so mochil good,

With preching in the pulpit ther he stood,

That I may vouchesauf, I say for me,

He haddc the firste smel of fartes thre ;

And so wold al his covent hardily,

He berith him so fair and holily.'

The lord, the lady, and ech man, sauf the frere, Sayde that Jankyn spak in this matiere As wel as Euclide, or elles Phlolome. Touchand the cherl, thay sayde that subtilte 590 And high wyt made him speken as he spak ; He nas no fool, ne no demoniak. And Jankyn hath i-wonne a newe goune ; My talc is don, we ben almost at toune.

27S THE CANTERBURY TALES.

THE CLERK OF OXENFORDES PROLOGE.

|IR Clerk of Oxenford,' our hoste sayde, ' Ye ryde as stillc and coy as doth a mayde,

"tZM^zt^a Were n ewe spoused, si ttyng at the bord; This day ne herd I of your mouth a word. I trowe ye study aboute som sophirae ; But Salomon saith, every thing hath tyme. For Goddis sake ! as beth of better checre, It is no tyme for to stodye hiere. Tel us som mery tale, by your fay ; For what man is entred unto play, 10

He moot nedes unto that play assente. But prechith not, as freres don in Lente, To make us for our olde synnes wepe, Ne that thy tale make us for to slope. Tel us som mery thing of adventures. Yourc termes, your colours, and your figures, Keep hem in stoor, til so be that ye endite High style, as whan that men to kynges write. Spekith so playn at this tyme, we yow praye, That we may understonde that ye sayc.'' 20

This worthy Clerk benignely answerdc ; ' Sir host,' quod he, ' I am under your yerde, Ye have of us as now the govcrnaunce, And therfor avoI I do yow obeissaunce, As fer as resoun askith hardily. I wil yow telle a tale, which that I Lerned at Pndowe of a worthy elerk,

THE CLERK OF OXENFORDES PROLOGE. 279

As provyd by his wordes and his werk.

He is now deed, and nayled in his chest,

Now God yive his soule wel good rest ! so

Fraunces Petrark, the laureat poete,

Highto this clerk, whos rethoriquc swete

Enlumynd al Ytail of poetric,

As Linian did of philosophic,

Or lawne, or other art particnlere ;

But deth, that wol not suffre us duellen hcere,

But as it were a twyncling of an ye,

Hem bothc hath slayn, and alle schul ice dye.

But forth to telle of this worthy man,

That taughte me this tale, as I first bigan, 40

I say that he first with heigh stile enditith

(Er he the body of his tale writith)

A proheme, in the which descrivith he

Piemounde, and of Saluces the contre,

And spekith of Appenyne the hulles bye,

That ben the boundes of al west Lombardye ;

And of mount Ycsulus in special,

Whcr as the Poo out of a wclle smal

Takith his firste springyng and his sours,

That est-ward ay cncresccth in his cours 00

To Emyl-ward, to Fcrare, and to Venise,

The which a long thing were to devyse.

And trewcly, as to my juggement,

Me thinketh it a thing impertinent,

Save that he wolde convey en his matierc ;

But this is the tale which that ye schuln hecrc.'

280 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

THE CLERKES TALE.

"HER is at the west encle of Ytailc, Doun at the root of Yesulus the colde, A lusty playn, abundaunt of vitaile, Wher many a tour and toun thou maist byholdc, Tliat foundid were in tyrae of fadres olde, And many anothir delitable sight, And Salueea this noble contray bight.

A marquys whilom duellid in that lond, As were his worthy eldris him bifore, And obeisaunt ay redy to his hond, 10

Were alio his liegis, bothc lcsse and more. Thus in delyt he lyveth and hath don yore, Biloved and drad, tliurgh favour of fortune, Botbe of his lordes and of his comune.

Therwith he was, as to speke of lynage, The gentileste born of Lumbardye, A fair persone, and strong, and yong of age, And ful of honour and of curtesic ; Discret y-nough his contre for to gye, Savynge in som thing he was to blame ; 20

And Wautier was this yonge lordes name.

I blame him thus, that he considerede nought In tymc comyng what mighte bityde, But on his lust present was al his thought, As for to hauke and hunte on every syde ; Wei neigh al othir cures let he slydc, And eek he nolde (that Avas the worst of alle)

THE CLERKES TALE. 281

Weclde no wyf for no thing that mighte bifal/e.

Only that poynt his pocple bar so sore, That flokmel on a clay to him thay wente, so

And oon of hem, that wisest was of lore, (Or clles that the lord wolde best assente That he schuld telle him what his poeple mente, Or ellis couthc he schewe wel such matiere) He to the marquys sayd as ye schuln hiere.

' 0 noble marquys, youre humanite. Assureth us and yiveth us hardynesse, As ofte as tyme is of necessite, That we to yow may telle oure hevynesse ; Acceptith, lord, now of your gentilcsse, 40

That we with pi tons hert unto yow playne, And let your eeris not my vois disdeyne.

' And have 1 nought to doon in this matcrc More than another man hath in this place, Yit for as moche as ye, my lord so dcerc, Han alway schewed me favour and grace, I dar the better ask of yow a space Of audience, to schewen oure request, And ye, my lord, to doon right as yow lest.

' For certes, lord, so wel us likith yow ?o

And al your werk, and ever han doon, that we Ne couthen not ourselve devysen how We mighte lyve more in felicite ; Save oon thing, lord, if that your wille be, That for to be weddid man yow list Than were your pepel in sovereign hertes rest.

' Bowith your neck undir that blisful yok Of sovereignete, nought of servise, Which that men elepe spousail or wcdlok; And thenkith, lord, among your tlioughtcs wise, 60

282 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

How that our dayes passe in sondry wyse ; For though wo slope, or wake, or rome, or rydc, Ay flcth the tyme, it wil no man nbyde.

' And though your grene youthe flourc as yit, In crepith age alway as stille as stoon, And dcth manasith every age, and smyt In ech cstat, for tlier ascapith noon. And as certeyn, as we knowe evcrychon That we schuln deye, as uncerteyn we alle lien of that day that doth sehal on us falle. 70

" Acceptith thannc of us the trewe entente, That never yit refuside youre host, And we wil, lord, if that ye wil assente, Chcsc yow a wyf, in schort tyme attc lest, Born of the gcntilest and the heighest Of al this lond, so that it oughte seme Honour to God and yow, as we can deme.

' Deliver us out of al this busy drede And tak a wyf, for hihe Goddes sake. For if it so bifel, as God forbede, 8i

That thurgh your dcth your lignage schuld aslake, And that a straunge successour schulde take Your heritage, 0 ! wo were us on lyvc ! Wherfor we prayc yow hastily to wyve.'

Her meeke prayer and her pitous chere Made the marquys for to han pite. ' Ye wolde,' quod lie, c myn owne poeple deere, To that I never erst thought constreigne me. I me rejoysid of my liberte,

That sclden tyme is founde in mariage ; 90

Thcr I was fre, I mot ben in servage.

' But natheles I se of you the trewe entente, And trust upon your witt, and have doon ay ;

THE CLERKES TALE. > 283

Wherfor of my fre wil I wil assente

To Avedde me, as soon as ever I may.

But ther as ye have profred me to day

To chese me a wyf, I avoI relese

Thnt choys, and pray yow of that profrc ecsse.

' For God it Avoot, that ehilder oftc been Unlik her worthy cldris hem bifore ; ico

Bounte cometh al of God, nought of the streen Of which thay ben engendrid and i-bore. I trust in Goddis bounte, and therfore My marioge, and myn estat and rest, I him bytake, he may doon as him lest.

' Let me aloon in chesyng of my wif, That charge upon my bak I wil endure. But I yow pray, and charge upon your lyf, That ivhat wyf that I take, ye me assure To worschippe whil that hir lif may endure, no In word and werk, bothc heer and every where, As sche an emperoures doughter were.

' And for ther mor thus schul ye swere, that ye Ayeins my cliois schuln never grucche ne stryvc, For sins I schal forgo my liberie' At your request, as ever mot I thrive, Ther as myn hert is set, ther wil I wyve. And but ye wil assent in such mancre, I pray yow spek no more of this matiere.'

V* 'ith hertly wil thay sAvoren and asscntyn i?o To al this thing, ther saydc no Avight nay, Byscchyng him of grace, er that thay Avcntyn, That lie Avokfc graunten hem a certeyn day Of his spousail. as soone as ever he may; For yit alway the peple som Avliat dredde Lest that the marqnys wolde no wyf Avedde.

284- THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Ho graunted hem a clay, such as him leste, On which he wolde be weddid sicurly ; And sayd he dede al this at her requeste. And thay with humble hert ful buxomly, 100

Knelyng upon her knees ful reverently, Him thanken alle, and thus thay have an ende Of her entent, and hom ayein they wende.

And herupon he to his officeris Comaundith for the feste to purveye, And to his prive knightes and squyercs Suchc charge yaf as him list on hem leye : And thay to his comaundement obeye, And ech of hem doth his diligence To doon unto the feste reverence. ho

PARS SECUNDA.

i OUGHT fer fro thilke palys honurable, Whcr as this marquys schophis mariage, Ther stood a throp, of sighte delitable, In which that pore folk of that vilage

Hadden her bestes and her herburgage,

And after her labour took her sustienauncc,

After the erthe yaf hem abundaunce. Among this pore folk there duclt a man,

Which that was holden porcst of hem alle ;

But heighe God som tyme sonde can 10

His grace unto a litel oxe stalle.

Janicula men of that throop him calle.

A doughter had he, fair y-nough to sight,

And Grisildes this yonge mayden hight.

THE CLERKES TALE. 285

But for to spekc of hir vertuous beautc, Than was sche oon the fayrest under the sonne ; For porely i-fostered up was sche, No licorous lust was in hir body ronne ; Wei ofter of the welle than of the tonne She dronk, and for sche wolde vertu please, so Sche knew wel labour, but noon ydel ease.

But though this mayden tender were of age, Yet in the brest of her virginite Ther was enclosed rype and sad corrage ; And in gret reverence and charite Hir oldc pore fader fostered sche ; A fewe scheep spynnyng on the feld sche kepte, Sche nolde not ben ydel til sche slepte.

And when sche hom-ivard com sche wolde brynge Wortis or other herbis tymes ofte, 30

The which sche schred and seth for her lyvyngr, And made hir bed ful hard, and nothing softe. And ay sche kept hir fadres lif on lofte, With every obeissance and diligence, That child may do to fadres reverence.

Upon Grisildes, the pore creature, Ful ofte sithes this marquys set is ye, As he on huntyng rood par aventure. And whan it fel he mighte hir espye, He not with wantoun lokyng of folye 10

His eyghen cast upon hir, but in sad wyse Upon hir cheer he wold him oft avise,

Comendyng in his hert hir wommanhcde, And eek hir vertu, passyng any other wight Of so yong age, as wel in cheer as clede. For though the poeple have no gret insight In vertu, he considereth aright

286 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

llir bounte, and desposcde that he wolde Wedde hir oonly, if ever he wedde scholde.

The day of weddyng cam, but no wight can so Telle what womman it schulde be ; For which mervayle wondrith many a man, And sayden, whan they were in privite, ' Wol nought our lord yit leve his vanite ? Wol he not wedde ? alias the while ! Why wol he thus himself and us bigyle ?

But nathelcs this marquys hath doon make Of gemmes, set in gold and in asure, Broches and rynges, for Grisildes sake, And of hir clothing took he the mesure, eo

By a mayde y-lik to hir of stature, And eek of other ornamentes alle That unto such a weddyng schulde falle.

The tyme of undcrn of the same day Approchith, that this weddyng schulde be, And al the palys put was in array, Bothe halle and cliambur, y-lik here degre, Houses of office stuffid with plente ; Ther maystow se of deyntevous vitayle, That may be founde, as fer as lastith Itaile. 70

This real marquys, really arrayd, Lordes and ladyes in this compaignye, The which unto the feste were prayed, And of his retenu the baehelerie. With many a soun of sondry melodye, Unto the vilage, of which I tolde, In this array the right way han they holde.

Grysild of this (God wot) ful innocent, That for hir schapen was al this array, To fecche water at a welle is went, so

THE GXERKES TALE. 287

And cometh horn as soone as ever sche may, For wel sche had herd saye, that ilke day The marquys schulde wedde, and, if sche mighte, Sche wold have seyen somwhat of that sighte.

Sche sayd, ' I wol with other maydencs stonde, That hen my felawes, in onre dore, and see The marquysesse, and therfore wol I fonde To don at horn, as soone as it may be, The labour which that longeth unto me, And thanne may I at leysir hir byholde, f»o

And sche the way into the castel holde.'

And as sche wold over the threisshfold goon, The marquys cam and gaii hir for to calle. And sche set doun her water-pot anoon Bisides the threischfold of this oxe stalle, And doun upon hir knees sche gan to falle. And with sad countenaunce sche knelith stille, Til sche had herd what was the lordes wille.

This thoughtful marquys spak unto this mayde Ful soberly, and sayd in this manere : 100

' Wher is your fader, Grisildcs ? ' he sayde. And sche with reverence and humble checrc Answerde, ' Lord, he is al redy heere.' And in sche goth withouten longer let, And to the marquys sche hir fader fet.

lie by the hond than takith this olde man, And sayde thus, whan he him had on syde : ' Janicula, I neither may ne can Lenger the plesauns of myn herte hyde ; If that ye vouchesauf, what so betyde, no

Thy doughter wil _ take er that I wende As for my wyf, unto hir lyves ende.

' Thow lovest me, I wot it wel certeyn,

288 THE CANTEllBUliY TALES.

And art my faithful liege-man i-bore, And al that likith me, I dar wel sayn, It likith the, and specially therfore Tel me that poynt, as ye have herd bifore, If that thow wolt unto that purpos drawe, To take me as for thy sone-in-lawe.'

The sodeyn cans the man astoneyde tho, 120

That reed he wax, abaischt, and al quakyng He stood, unnethe sayd ho wordes mo, But oonly this : ' Lord,' quod he, ' my willyng Is as ye wol, ayenst youre likyng I wol no thing, ye be my lord so deere ; Right as yow list, governith this matierc.'

' Yit wol I,' quod this markys softely, ' That in thy chambre, I and thou and sehe Have a collacioun, and wostow why ? For I wol aske if that it hir wille be iso

To be my wyf, and reule hir after me ; And al this schal be doon in thy presence, I wol nought speke out of thyn audience.'

And in the chamber, whil thay were aboute Her tretys, which as ye schul after hiere, The poeple cam unto the hous withoute, And wondrid hem, in how honest manere And tendurly sche kept hir fader deere ; l!ut outerly Grisildes wonder mighte, For never erst ne saugh sche such a sighte. ws

No wonder is though that sche were astoned, To seen so gret a gest come into that place ; Sche never was to suche gestes woned, For which sche lokede with ful pale face. But schortly this matiere forth to chace, These arn the wordes that the marquys sayde

THE CLERKES TALE. 289

To this benigne, verray, faithful mayde.

' Grisyld,' he sayde, ' ye schul wel understondc, It liketh to your fader and to me, That I yow wedde, and eek it may so stonde, 150 As I suppose ye wile that it so be ; But these demaundes aske I first,' quod he, ' That sith it schal be doon in hasty wyse, Wol ye assent, or elles yow avyse ?

• I say this, be ye redy with good herte To al my lust, and that I frely may As me best liste do yow laughe or smerte, And never ye to gruch it, night ne day ; And eek whan I say ye, ye say not nay, Neyther by word, ne frownyng countenaunce ? ieo Swer this, and here swer I our alliaunce.'

Wondryng upon this word, quakyng for drede, Sehe sayde : ' Lord, undigne and unworthy I am to thilk honour that ye me bede ; But as ye wile your self, right so wol I ; And here I swere, that never wityngly In werk, ne thought, I nyl now disobeye For to be deed, though me were loth to deye.'

' This is ynough, Grisilde myn,' quod he. And forth goth he with a ful sobre chere, no

Out at the dore, and after that cam sche, And to the pepul he sayd in this manere : ' This is my wyf,' quod he, ' that stondith heere. Honoureth hir, and loveth hir, I yow praye, Who so me loveth ; ther is no more to saye.'

And for that no thing of hir olde gere Sche schulde brynge unto his hous, he bad That wommen schulde despoilen hir right thc.-e, Of which these ladyea were nought ful glad

VOL. II, ■ U

290 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

To handle hir clothes wherin sche was clad ; iso Tut natheles this mayde bright of hew Fro foot to heed thay schredde han al newe.

Hir heeres han thay kempt, that lay untresscd Ful rudely, and with hire fyngres smale A coroun on hir heed thay han i- dressed, And set hir ful of nowches gret and smale. Of hir array what schuld I make a tale ? Unnethe the poeple hir knew for hir fairnessc, Whan sche translated was in such richesse.

This marquis hath hir spoused with a ryng 190 Brought for the same cause, and than hir sette Upon an hors snow-whyt, and wel amblyng, And to his palys, er he lenger lette, (With joyful poeple, that hir ladde and mette) Conveyed hire, and thus the day they spende In revel, til the sonne gan descende.

And schortly forth this tale for to chace, I say, that to this newe marquisesse God hath such favour sent hir of his grace, That it no semyde not by liklynesse 200

That sche was born and fed in rudenesse, As in a cote, or in an oxe stalle, But norischt in an emperoures halle.

To every wight sche waxen is so deere And worschipful, that folk ther sche was born, And from hir burthe kneAV hir yer by yere, Unnethe trowede thay, but dorst han sworn, That to Janicle, of which I spak biforn, Sche doughter were, for as by conjecture Hem though te sche was another creature. 210

For though that ever vertuous was sche, Sche was encresed in such excellence

THE CLERKES TALE. 291

Of thewcs goode, i-set in high bountc, And so discret, and fair of eloquence, 80 benigne, raid so digne of reverence. And couthe so the pocples hert embrace, That ech hir loveth that lokith in hir face.

Nought oonly of Saluce in. the toun Puplissched was the bounte of hir name, But eek byside in many a regioun, 22c

If oon sayde wel, another sayde the same. So sprad of hire heigh bounte the fame. That men and wommen, as wel yong as oldc, Gon to Saluce upon hir to byholde.

This Walter louly, nay but really, Weddid with fortunat honestete, In Goddes pees lyveth ful esily At home, and outward grace ynough hath he ; And for he saugh that under low degrc Was ofte vertu y-hid, the poeple him helde 2.0 A prudent man, and that is seen ful selde.

Nought oonly this Grisildes thurgh hir witto Couthe al the feet of wifly hcmhjnesse, But eek whan that the tymc required it, The comun profyt couthe sche redresse ; Ther nas discord, rancour, ne hevynesse In al that lond, that sche ne couthe appese, And wisly bryng hem allc in rest and esc.

Though that hir housbond absent were anoon, If gcntilmen, or other of hir contre, 2 in

Were wroth, sche Avolde bryngc hem at 0011, So wyse and rype wordes hadde sche, And juggement of so gret equite, That sche from heven sent was, as men wende, Toeple to save, and every wrong to amende.

2!>:

THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Nought longe tyme after that this Grisilde Was wedded, sche a doughter hath i-bore ; Al had hir lever han had a knave childe, Glad was this marquis and the folk therfore, For though a mayden child come al byforc, Sche may unto a knave child atteigne By liklihed, and sche nys not bareigne.

2j0

INCIPIT TERTIA PARS.

HER fel, as fallith many tymes mo, Whan that this child hath souked but

a thro we, This marquys in his herte longith so Tcmpto his wyf, hir sadncsse for to knowe, That he ne might out of his herte throwc This mervaylous desir his wyf tassaye ; Nedeles, God wot, he thought hir to affraye.

Tic had assayed hir ynough bifore, And fond hir ever good, what needith it Hire to temptc, and alway more and more? io Though som men praj-se it for a subtil wit, But as for me, I say that cvel it sit Tassay a wyf whan that it is no neede, And putte hir in anguysch and in dreede.

For which this marquis wrought in this manere; He com aloone a-night ther as sche lay With sternc face, and with ful trouble checre, And sayde thus, ' Grislid,' quod he, ' that day That I yow took out of your pore array, And putte yoAV in estat of heigh noblesse, 20

THE CLERKES TALE. 293

Ye have not that forgeten, as I gesse. ' I say, Grisild, this present dignite In which that I have put yow, as I trowe, Makith yow not foryetful for to be That I yow took in pore estat ful lowe, For eny wele ye moot your solve knowe. Tak heed of every word that I yow saje, Ther is no wight that herith it but we twaye. ' Ye wot your self how that ye comen heere Into this hous, it is nought long ago ; co

And though to me that ye be leef and deere, Unto my gentils ye be no thing so. Thay seyn, to hem it is gret schame and wo For to ben subject and ben in servage To the, that born art of a smal village.

' And namely syn thy doughter was i-bore, These wordes han thay spoken douteles. But I desire, as I have doon byfore, To lyve my lif with hem in rest and pees ; I may not in this caas be rcccheles ; 40

I moot do with thy doughter for the best«, Not as I wolde, but as my pepul leste.

' And yit, God wot, this is ful loth to me. But natheles without© youre witynge Wol I not doon ; but this wold I,' quod he, ' That ye to me assent as in this thing. Schew now your pacicns in your wirching, That thou me hightest and swor in yon village, That day that maked was ourc manage.'

Whan sche had herd al this schc nought ameevyd Neyther in word, in cheer, or countenaunce, in (For, as it semcde, sche was nought agreeved) ; She sayde, ' Lord, al lith in your plesaunce ;

294 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

My child and I, with hertly obeisaunce, Bon youres al, and ye may save or spille Your oughne thing ; wcrkith after your wille,

' Ther may no thing, so God ray soulc save, Liken to vow, that may displesen me ; No I desire no thing for to have, Ne drede for to lese, save oonly ye. 60

This wil is in myn hert, and ay schal he, No length of tyme or deth may this deface, Ne chaunge my corrage to other place.'

Glad was this marquis of hir answeryng, But yit he feyned as he were not so. Al dreery was his cheer and his lokyng, Whan that he schold out of the chambre go. Soon after this, a forlong way or tuo, He prively hath told al his entente Unto a man, and unto his wyf him sente. ;o

A maner sergeant was this prive man, The which that faithful oft he founden hadde In thinges gretc, and cek such folk wel can Don execucioun in thinges badde ; The lord knew wel that he him loved and dradde. And whan this sergeant wist his lordes wille, Into the chamber he stalked him ful stille.

' Madame,' he sayde, ' ye moste foryive it me, Though I do thing to which I am constreynit ; Ye ben so wys, that ful wel knowe ye, so

That lordes hestes mowe not ben i-feynit. Thay mowe wel biwayl it or compleyn it ; But men moot neede unto her lust obeye, And so wol I, there is no more to seye.

' This child I am comaundid for to take.' And spak no more, but out the child he hente

THE CLERKES TALE. 295

Pispitously, and gan a chiere make,

As though he wold han slayn it, er he wente.

Grisild moot al suffer and al consente;

And as a lamb sche sittcth meeke and stille, 90

And let this cruel sergeant doon his wille. Suspeeious was the defame of this man,

Suspect his face, suspect his word also,

Suspect the tyme in which he this bigan.

Alias ! hir doughter, that she loveds so,

Sche weude he wold han slayen it right tho ;

But natheles sche neyther weep ne sikcdi?,

Conformyng hir to that the marquis likede. But atte laste speke sche bigan,

And mekely sche to the sergeant preyde, 100

So as he was a worthy gentilman,

That she moste kisse hir child, er that it deyde.

And on hir arm this litel child sche leyde,

With fal sad face, and gan the child to blesse,

And lullyd it, and after gan it kesse. And thus sche sayd in hir benigne vois :

' Farwel, my child, I schal the never see ;

But sith I the have marked with the croys,

Of thilke fader blessed mot thou be,

That for us deyde upon a cros of tre ; no

Thy soule, litel child, I him bytake,

For this night schaltow deyen for my sake."

I trowe that to a nor ice in this caas It hadde ben hard this rewthe for to see ; Wei might a moder than have cryed alias, But natheles so sad stedefast was sche, That she endured al adversite, And to the sergeant mekely sche sayde, ' Have her agayn your litel yonge maydc.

296 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

'Goth now,' quod sche, 'and doth my lordcs heste; But o thing wil I praye yow of your grace, 121

That but my lord forbede yow atte lestc, Burieth this litel body in som place, Tbat bestes ne no briddes it to-race.' But he no word wil to the purpos saye, But took the child and went upon his wayc.

This sergeant com unto this lord agayn, And of Grisildes worcles and hir cheere He tolde poynt for poynt, in schort and playn, And him presentith with his doughter deere. 100 Somwhat this lord hath rewthe in his manere, But natheles his purpos hulcl he stille, As lordes doon, whan thay woln have her wille ;

And bad the sergeaunt that he prively Scholde this childe softe wynde and wrappe, With alle circumstaunces tendurly, And cary it in a cofre, or in his lappe ; Upon peyne his heed of for to swappe That no man schulcle knowe of this entente, Ne whens he com, ne winder that he wente; HO

But at Boloyne, to his suster deere, That thilke tyme of Panik was countesse, He schuld it take, and schewe hir this matiere, Byseching her to doon hir busynesse This child to fostre in alle gentilesse, And whos child that it was he bad hir hyde From every wight, for ought that mighte bytyde.

The sergeant goth, and hath fulfild this thing. But to this marquys now retourne we ; For now goth he ful fast ymaginyng, 150

If by his wyves cher he mighte se, Or by hir word apparceyve, that sche

THE CLERKES TALE. 207

Were chaunged, but he hir never eouthe fynde, But ever in oon y-like sad and kynde.

As glad, as humble, as busy in servise And eek in love, as sehe was wont to be, Was sche to him, in every manor wyse ; Ne of hir doughter nought o word spak sche ; Non accident for noon adversite Was seyn in hir, ne never hir doughter name 160 Ne nempnyd sche, in ernest ne in game.

INCIPIT QUARTA PARS.

,N this estaat ther passed ben foure yer Er sche with childe was, but, as Cod

wolde, A knave child sche bar by this Waltier,

Fid gracious, and fair for to biholde ;

And whan that folk it to his fader toldc,

Nought only he, but al his contre, merye

Was for this child, and God thay thank and herie. When it was tuo yer old, and fro the brest

Departed fro his noris, upon a day

This markys eaughte yit another lest 10

To tempt his wif yit after, if he may.

0 ! needles was sche tempted in assay ;

But weddid men ne knowen no mesure,

Whan that thay fynde a pacient creature.

' Wyf,' quod this marquys, ' ye han herd er this

My peple sekly bcrith ourc mariage,

And namly syn my sone y-boren is,

Now is it wors than ever in al our age ;

The murmur sloth myn hert and my corrage,

2S8 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

For to rayn eeris cometh the vois so smerte, 20 Tliat it wel neigh destroyed hath myn herte.

' Now saye thay thus, Wlian Wautcr is agoon, Than schal the blood of Janicula succede, And ben our lord, for other have we noon. Suche wordes saith my poeple, out of drede. Wel ought I of such murmur taken heede, For certeynly I drede such sentence, Though thay not pleynly speke in myn audience.

' I wolde lyve in pees, if that I mighte ; Wherfor I am disposid outrely, 30

As I his suster servede by nighte, Right so thynk I to serve him prively. This warn I you, that ye not sodeinly Out of your self for no woo schuld ou trove : Beth pacient, and therof I yow praye.'

' I have,' quod sche, ' sayd thus and ever schal, I wol no thing, ne nil no thing certayn, Bat as yow list ; nought greveth me at al, Though that my doughter and my sone be slayn At your comaundement ; this is to sayne, 40

I have not had no part of children twayne, But first sykncs, and after wo and payne.

' Ye ben oure lord, doth with your owne thing Right as yow list, axith no red of me ; For as I left at horn al my clothing, Whan I first com to yow, right so,' quod sehe, ' Left I my wille and my liberie, And took your clothing ; wherfor I yow preye, Doth youre plesaunce, I wil youre lust obeye.

' And certes, if I hadde prescience 50

Your wil to knowe, er ye youre lust me tolde, 1 wold it doon withoute negligence.

THE CLEHKES TALE. 200

But now I wot your lust, and what ye wolde, Al your plesaunce ferm and stable I holde, For wist I that my deth wolde doon yow ease, Right gladly wold I deye, yow to pleasa

' Deth may make no comparisoun Unto your love.' And whan this marquys say The Constance of his wyf, he cast adoun His eyghen tuo, and wondrith that sche may co In pacience suifre al this array; And forth he goth with drery countenaunce, But to his hert it was ful gret plesaunce.

This wgly sergcaunt in the same wise That he hir doughter fette, right so he, Or worse, if men worse can devyse, Hath hent hir sone, that ful was of beaute. And ever in oon so paeient was sche, That sche no cheere made of hevynesse, But kist hir sone, and after gan him blesse. 70

Save this sche prayed him, if that lie mighte, Her litel sone he wold in eorthe grave, His tendre lymes, delicate to sight, From foules and from bestes him to save. But sche noon answer of him mighte have. He went his way, as him no thing ne roughtc, But to Boloyne he tenderly it brought^.

This marquis wondreth ever the lenger the more Upon hir pacience, and if that he Ne hadde sothly knowen therbifore, so

That parfytly hir children lovede sche, He wold have wend that of some subtilte And of malice, or of cruel corrage, That sche hadde sufficed (his with sad visage.

But wel he know, thai, next himsolf. certavn

300 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Sehe loved hir children best in every wise.

But now of wommen wold I aske fayn,

If these assay es mighten not suffice?

What couthe a stourdy housebonde more devyse

To prove hir wyfhode and her stedefastnesse, 90

And he contynuyng ever in stourdynesse ?

But ther ben folk of such condicioun, That, whan thay have a eerteyn purpos take, Thay can nought stynt of her entencioun, But, right as thay were bounden to a stake, Thay wil not of her flrste pnrpos slake ; Right so this marquys fullich hath purposed To tempt his wyf, as ho was first disposed.

He wayteth, if by word or countenaunce That sche to him was ehaunged of corage. 100

But never couthe he fynde variaunce, Sche was ay oon in hert and in visage ; And ay the ferther that sche was in age, The more trewe, if that it were possible, Sche was to him, and more penyble.

For which it semyde this, that of hem tuo Ther nas but 00 wil ; for as Walter leste, The same plesaunce was hir lust also ; And, God be thanked, al fel for the beste. Sche schewede wel, for no worldly unrest no

A wyf, as of hir self, no thing ne scholdc Wylne in effect, but as hir housboncl wolde.

The sclaunder of Walter ofte and wyde spradde, That of a cruel hert he wikkedly, For he a pore womman weddid hadde, Hath morthrid bothe his children prively; Such murmur was among hem comunly. No wonder is ; for to the peples cere

THE CLEB.KES TALE. 301

Ther com no word, but that thay mortherid were.

For which, wher as his peple therbyfore i.j

Hadc/e loved him wol, the sclaunder of his diffame Made hem that thay him hatede therfore ; To ben a mordrer is an hateful name. But natheles, for ernest or for game, He of his cruel purpos nolde stente, To tempt his wyf was set al his entente.

Whan that his doughter twelf yer was of age, He to the court of Rome, in suche wise Enformed of his wille, sent his message, Comaundyng hem, such bulles to devyse, 130

As to his cruel purpos may suffise, How that the pope, as for his peples restc, Bad him to wedde another, if him leste.

I say, he bad, thay schulde countrefete The popes bulles, makyng mencioun That he hath leve his firste wyf to lete, As by the popes dispensacioun, To stynte rancour and discencioun Bitwix his peple and him ; thus sayde the bulle, The which thay han publisshid atte fulle. no

The rude poepel, as it no wonder is, Wende fid wel that it hadde be right so. But whan these tydynges come to Grisildis, I deeme that hir herte was ful wo ; But sche y-liko sad for evermo Disposid was, this humble creature, Thadversite of fortun al tendure ;

Abydyng ever his lust and his plesauncc, To whom that sche was yive, hert and al, As to hir verray worldly suffisaunce. loo

But sohortly if I this story telle schal,

302 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

This marquys writen hath in special

A letter, in which he schewith his entente.

And secrely he to Boloyne it scnte.

To therl of Panyk, which that hadde tho Wcddid his suster, prayd he specially To hrynge hom ayein his children tuo In honurable estaat al openly. But oon thing he him prayde outerly, That he to no wight, though men wold enquere, Schulde not tellen whos children thay were, isi

But saye the mayde schuld i-weddid be Unto the markys of Saluce anoon. And as this eorl was prayd, so dede he, For at day set, he on his way is goon Toward Saluce, and lordes many oon In riche array, this mayden for to guyde, Hir yonge brother rydyng by hir syde.

Arrayed was toward hir mariage This freisshe may al ful of gemmes elere ; 170

Hir brother, which that seven yer was of age, Arrayed cek fid freissh in his manere ; And thus in gret noblesse and with glad chere Toward Saluces sehapyng her journay, Fro day to day thay ryden in her way.

INCIP1T PARS QUINTA.

1 MONG al this, after his wikked usage, This marquis yit his wif to tempte more To the 11 It rest proef of hir corrage, Fully to ban experiens and lore, If that sche were as stedefast as byfore,

THE CLERKES TALE. 303

Ho on a day in open audience

Ful boystously hath sayd hir this sentence.

1 Certes, Grisildes, I had y-nough plesannce To have yow to my wif, for your goodnesse, And for youre trouthe, and for 3-0111' obeissaunce, Nought for your lignage, ne for your richesse ; 1 > But now know I in verray sothfastnesse, That in gret lordschip, if I wel avyse, Ther is gret servitude in sondry wyse ;

I may not do, as every ploughman may; My poeple me constreignith for to take Another wyf, and c/ien day by day ; And eek the pope, rancour for to slake, Consentith it, that dar I undertake ; And trewely, thus moche I wol yow save, 20

My newe wif is comyng by the way?.

' Be strong of hert, and voyde anoon hir place, And thilke dower that ye broughten me Tak it agayn, I graunt it of my grace, rietourneth to your fadres hous,' quod he, • No man may alway have prosperite. With even hert I rede yow endure The strok of fortune or of adventure."

And sche agayn answerd in paciencc : ' My lord,' quod sche, ' I wot, and wist alway, so How that bitwixe your magnificence And my poverte no wight can ne may Make comparisoun, it is no nay; I nc held me neuer digne in no manere To ben your wyf, nc jit your chamberere.

' And in this hous, ther ye me lady made, (The highe God take I for my witncsse, And al-so wisly he my soule glade)

3(M THE CANTERBURY TALES.

I never huld me lady ne maistresse, But humble servaunt to your worthinesse, 40

And ever schal, whil that my lyf may dure, Aboven every worldly creature.

' That ye so longe of your benignite Han holden me in honour and nobleye, Wher as I was not worthy for to be, That thonk I God and yow, to whom I preye For-yeld it yow, ther is no more to seye. Unto my fader gladly wil I wende, And with him duelle unto my lyves ende.

' Ther I was fostred as a child ful smal, so

Til I be deed my lyf ther wil I lede, A widow clene in body, hert, and al ; For sith I yaf to yow my maydenhede, And am your trewe wyf, it is no drede, God schilde such a lordcs wyf to take Another man to housbond or to make.

' And of your newe wif, God of his grace So graunte yow wele and prosperite ; For I wol gladly yelden hir my place, In, which that I was blisful wont to be. eo

For sith it liketh yow, my lord,' quod sche, ' That whilom were al myn hertes reste, That I schal gon, I wil go whan yow leste. ' But ther as ye profre me such dowayre As I ferst brought, it is wel in my mynde, It were my wrecchid clothes, no thing faire, The whiche to me were hard now for to fynde. 0 goode God ! how gentil and how kynde Ye semede by your speche and your visage, That day that maked was our manage ! i)

' But soth is saydj algate I fynd it trewe,

THE CLERKES TALE. 305

For in effect it proved is on me,

Love is nought old as whan that it is newe.

Bat certes, lord, for noon adversite

To deyen in the caas, it schal not be

That ever in word or werk I schal repentc

That I yow yaf myn hert in hoi entente.

' My lord, ye wot that in my fadres place Ye dede me strippe out of my pore wede, And richely me cladden of your grace ; so

To yow brought I nought ellcs out of drede. But faith, and nakednesse, and maydenhede ; And her agayn my elothyng I restore, And eek my weddyng ryng for evermore.

* The remenant of your jewels redy be Within your chambur dore dar I saufly sayn. Naked out of my fadres hous,' quod sche, ' I com, and naked moot I torne agayn. Al your pleisauns wold I fulfille fayn ; But yit I hope it be not youre entente, oo

That I smocles out of your paleys wcnte.

' Ye couthe not doon so dishonest a thing, That thilke wombe, in which your children leye, Schulde byforn the poeple, in my walkyng, Be scye al bare : wherforc I yow praye Let me not lik a worm go by the waye ; Remembre yow, myn oughne lord so deere. I was your wyf, though I unworthy were.

' Wherfor, in guerdoun of my maydenhede, Which that I brought and nought agayn I bere, 100 As vouchethsauf as yeve me to my meede But such a smok as I was wont to were, That I therwith may wrye the wombe of here That was your wif ; and here take I my leve

vol. 11. x

30G THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Of yow, myn oughne lord, lest I yow greve.'

' The smok,' quod lie,' that thou hast on thy b'ak, Let it be stille, and ber it forth with the.' But wel unnethes thilke -word he spak, But went his way for routhe and for pite. Byforn the folk hirselven strippith sche, no

And in hir smok, with heed and foot al bare, Toward hir fader house forth is sche fare.

The folk hir folwen wepyng in hir weye, And fortune ay thay cursen as thay goon ; But sche fro wepyng kept hir eyen dreye, Ne in this tyme word ne spak sche noon. Hir fader, that this tyding herd anoon, Cursede the day and tyme, that nature Schoop him to ben a lyves creature.

For oute of doute this olde pore man 120

Was ever in suspect of hir mariage ; For ever he deemede, sith that it bigan, That whan the lord fulfilled had his corrage, Him wolde thinke that it were disparage To his estate, so lowe for to lighte, And vo}-den hire as sone as ever he mighte.

Agayns his dough ter hastily cjoth he ; For he by noyse of folk knew hir comyng ; And with hir olde cote, as it might be, He covered hir ful sorwfully wepynge ; 120

But on hir body might he it nought bringe, For rude was the cloth, and mor of age By dayes fele than at hir mariage.

Thus with hir fader for a ccrteyn space Dwellith this flour of wifly pacience, That neyther by her wordes ne by hir face, Byforn the folk, nor eek in her absence,

THE GLERKES TALE. 307

Ne schewed sche that hir was doon offence,

Ne of hir highe astaat no remembraunee

Ne hadde sche, as by hir countenaunce. no

No wonder is, for in hir gret estate Hir gost was ever in playn humilite ; Ne tender mouth, noon herte delicate, Ne pompe, ne semblant of realte ; But ful of pacient benignite, Discrete, and prideles, ay honurable, And to hir housbond ever meke and stable.

Men speke of Job, and most for his humblesse, As clerkes, whan hem lust, can wel endite, Namely of men, but as in sothfastnesse, 150

Though clerkes prayse wommen but a lite, There can no man in humblesse him acquyte As wommen can, ne can be half so trewe As wommen ben, but it be falle of newe.

PARS SEXTA.

m

l^^^^RO Boloyne is this erl of Panik y-come, IIR Of which the fame up-sprong to more and lasse, And to the poeples eeres alle and some Was couth eek, that a newe marquisesse He with him brought, in such pomp and richcsse, That never was ther seyn with mannes ye So noble array in al West Lombardye.

The marquys, which that schoop and knew al this,

30S THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Er this erl was come, sent his message

After thilke eely pore Grisildis ; 10

And sche with humble hert and glad visage,

Not with so swollen hert in hir corrage,

Cam at his hest, and on hir knees hir sette,

And reverently and wyfly sche him grette.

' Grisild,' quod he, ' my wil is outrely, This mayden, that schal weddid be to me, Rcceyved be to morwe as really As it possible is in myn hous to be ; And eek that every wight in his degre Have his estaat in sittyng and servyse, 20

In high plesaunce, as I can dcvyse.

' I have no womman suffisant certeyne The chambres for tarray in ordinance After my lust, and therfor wold I feyne, That thin were al such maner governaunce ; Thow knowest eek of al my plesaunce ; Though thyn array be badde, and ille byseye, Do thou thy dever atte leste weye.'

' Nought oonly, lord, that I am glad,' quod sche, ' To don your lust, but I desire also ?o

Yow for to serve and plese in my degre, Withoute feyntyng, and schal evcrmo ; Ne never for no wele, ne for no wo, Ne schal the gost withinne myn herte stente To love yow best with al my trewe entente.'

And with that word sche gan the hous to dighte, And tables for to sette, and beddes make, And peyned hir to doon al that sche might?, Preying the chamberers for Goddes sake To hasten hem, and faste swepe and schake, 40 And sche the moste servisable of alle

THE CLERKES TALE. 309

Hath every chamber arrayed, and his halle.

Abouten undern gan this lord alighte, That with him broughte these noble children tweyc ; For which the peple ran to se that sights Of her array, so richely biseye. And than at erst amonges hem thay sejre, That Walter was no fool, though that him leste To chaunge his wyf ; for it was for the beste.

For sehe is fairer, as thay demen alio, • >

Than is Grisild, and more tender of age, And fairer fruyt bitwen hem schulde falle, And more plesaunt for hir high lynagc, Hir brother eek so fair was of visage, That hem to seen the peple hath caught plesaunce, Comending now the marquys governaunce.

0 stormy poeple, unsad and ever untrcwe, And undiscret, and chaunging as a fane, Dchjtyng ever in rombel that is newe, For lik the nioone ay waxe ye and wane ; 60

Ay ful of clappyng, dere y-nough a jane, Youre doom is fals, 3-our constaunce yvel previth, A ful gret fool is he that on yow leevith.

Thus sayde saad folke in that citee, Whan that the poeple gased up and doun ; For thay were glad right for the novelte, To have a newe lady of her toun. No more of this now make I mencioun, But to Grisildes agayn wol I me dresse, And telle hir Constance, and hir busynesse. 70

Ful busy was Grisild in every thing, That to the festc was appertinent ; Right nought was sche abaissht of hir clothing, Though it were ruydo, and som del eek to-rent,

310 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

But with glad cheer to the yate is sche went, With other folk, to griete the marquisesse, And after that cloth forth hir busynesse.

With so glad chier his gestes sche receyveth, And so connyngly everich in his dcgre, That no defante no man aparceyveth, so

But ay thay wondren what sche mighte be, That in so pover array was for to se, And couthe such honour and reverence, And worthily thay praysc hir prudence.

In al this in ene- while sche ne stent e This mayde and eek hir brother to comende With al hir hert in ful buxom entente, 80 wel, that no man couthe hir pris amende ; But atte last whan that these lordes wende To sitte doun to mete, he gan to calle 90

Grisild, as sche was busy in his halle.

' Grisyld,' quod he, as it were in his play, ' How likith the my wif and hir beaute ?' 1 Right wel, my lord,' quod sche, ' for in good fay, A fairer sangh I never noon than sche. I pray to God yive hir prosperite ; And so hope I, that he wol to yow sende Plesaunce ynough unto your lyves ende.

' On thing warn I yow and biseke also, That ye ne prike with no tormentynge icO

This tendre mayden, as ye have do mo ; For sche is fostrid in hir norischinge More tendrely, and to my supposynge Sche couthe not adversite endure, As couthe a pore fostrid creature.'

And whan this Walter saugh hir pacience, Hir glade cheer, and no malice at al,

THE CLERKES TALE.

311

And he so oft hadcZe doon to hir offence, And sche ay sad and constant as a wal, Continuing ever hir innocence overal, no

This sturdy marquys gan his herte dresse To rewen upon hir wyfly stedefastnessc.

* This is ynough, Grisilde myn,' quod he, ' Be now no more agast, nc yvel apayed. I have thy faith and thy benignite, As wel as ever womman was, assayed In gret estate, and propreliche arrayed ; Now knowe I, dere wyf, thy stedefastnesse ; And hir in armes took, and gan hir kesse.

And sche for wonder took of it no keepe ; 120 Sche herde not what thing he to hir sayde, Sche ferd as sche hadefe stert out of a sleepe, Til sche out of hir masidnesse abrayde. < Grisild,' quod he, ' by God that for us deydc. Thou art my wyf, ne noon other I have, Ne never had, as God my soulo save.

' This is my doughter, which thou hast supposed To be my wif ; that other faithfully Schal be myn heir, as I have ay purposed ; Thow bar hem in thy body trewely. 180

At Boloyne have I kept him prively ; Tak hem agayn, for now maistow not seye, That thou hast lorn noon of thy children tweye. < And folk, that other weyes han seyd of me, I warn hem wel, that I have doon this decde For no malice, ne for no cruel te, But for tassaye in the thy wommanhede; And not to slen my children, (God forbede!) But for to kepe hem prively and stille, Til 1 thy purpos knewe and al thy wil.' 1*

312 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Whan sche this herd, aswone doun sche fallith For pitous joy, and after her swownyng Sche bothe hir yongc children to hir callith, And in hir amies pitous] y wepyng Embraseth hem, and tenderly kissyng, Ful lik a moder with hir salte teris Sche bathic/c bothe hir visage and hir eeris.

0, such a pitous thing it was to see Her swownyng, and hir humble vois to heere ! ' Graunt mercy, lord, God thank it yow,' quod sche, ' That ye han saved me my childern deere. isi

Now rek I never to be deed right here, Sith I stond in your love and in your grace, No fors of deth, ne whan my spirit pace.

' 0 tender deere yonge children myne, Youre woful moder wende stedefastly, That cruel houndes or som foul vermyne Had eten yow ; but God of his mercy, And your benigne fader tenderly Hath doon yow kep<?.' And in that same stoundc Al sodeinly sche swapped doun to grounde. 101

And in hir swough so sadly holdith sche Hir children tuo, whan sche gan hem tembraee That with gret sleight and gret difficultc The children from her arm they gonne arace. 0 ! many a teer on many a pitous face Doun ran of hem that stooden hir bisyde, Unnethe aboute hir mighte thay abyde.

Waltier hir gladith, and hir sorwe slakith, Sche rysith up abaisshed from hir traunce, ito

And every wight hir joy and feste makith, Til sche hath caught agayn hir continaunce. Wauter hir doth so faithfully plcsaunce,

THE CLEKKES TALE. 313

That it was daynte for to see the cheere Bitwix hem tuo, now thay be met in feere.

These ladys, whan that thay her tyme saye, Han taken hir, and into chambre goon, And strippen hir out of hir rude arrays, And in a cloth of gold that brighte schon, With a coroun of many a richc stoon 130

Upon hir heed, thay into halle hir broughtc ; And ther sche was honoured as hir oughte.

Thus hath this pitous day a blisful endo ; For every man and womman doth his might This day in mirth and revel to despende, Til on the welken schon the sterres brighte ; For more solempne in every mannes sightc This feste was, and gretter of costage, Than was the revel of hir mariage.

Ful many a yer in heigh prosperite 190

Lyven these tuo in concord and in rest, And richcliche his doughter maried he Unto a lord, on of the worthiest Of al Ytaile, and thanne in pees and rest His wyves fader in his court he kepith, Til that the soule out of his body crepith.

His sone succedith in his heritage, In rest and pees, after his fader day ; And fortunat was eek in mariage, Al put he not his wyf in gret assay. sr-o

This world is not so strong, it is no nay, As it hath ben in oldc tymes yore. And hcrknith, what this auctor saith therfore.

This story is sayd, nat for that wyves scholde Folwe Grisild, as in humilite, For it were importable, though they wolde ;

314 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

But for that every wight in his cleg-re

Schulde be constant in adversite.

As was Grisild, therfore Petrark writeth .

Tins story, which with high stile he enditeth. 210

For sitli a womman was so pacicnt Unto a mortal man, wel more us oughtc Rcceyven al in gre that God us sente. For grete skilis he proved that he wrought?, But he ne temptith no man that he boughte, As saith seint Jame, if ye his pistil rede ; He provith folk al day, it is no drede ;

And suffrith us, as for our exercise, With scharpc scourges of adversite Ful ofte to be bete in sondry wise ; 220

Nought for to knowe oure wille, for certes he, Er Ave were born, knew al our frelte ; And for oure best is al his governaunce ; Leet us thanne lyve in vcrtuous suffraunce.

But 00 word, lordes, herkneth er I go : It were ful hard to fyndc now a daycs As Grisildes in al a toumthre or tuo ; For if that thay were put to such assayes, The gold of hem hath now so badde alayes With bras, that though the coyn be fair at ye, It wolde rather brest in tuo than plye. 231

For which heer, for the wyves love of Bathe, — Whos lyf and alle of hir secte God meyntene In high maistry, and elles were it scathe, — I wil with lusty hcrte frciseh and grene, Saye yow a song to glade yow, I wene ; And lat us stynt of ernestful matierc. Herknith my song, that saith in this manere.

L'ENVOYE DE CHAUCER. 315

L'ENVOYE DE CHAUCER,

>RISILD is deed, and eek hir pacience, And bothe at oones buried in Itayle ; For whiche I erye in open audience, No weddid man so hardy be to assayle His wyves pacience, in hope to fynde Grisildes, for in certeyn he schal fayle.

0 noble wyves, ful of heigh prudence, Let noon humilite your tonges nayle ; Ne lat no clerk have cause or diligence To write of yow a story of such mervayle, 10

As of Grisildes, pacienf and kynde, Lest Chichivache yow swolwe in hir cntraile.

Folwith ecco, that holdith no silence, But ever answereth at the countretayle ; Beth nought bydaffed for your innocence, But scharply tak on yow the governayle ; Empryntith wel this lessoun on your mynde, For comun profyt, sith it may avayle.

Ye archewyves, stondith at defens, Syn ye ben strong, as is a greet chamayle, 20

Ne suffre not that men yow don offens. And sclendre wives, felle as in batayle, Beth egre as is a tyger yond in Indc ; Ay clappith as a mylle, I yow counsaile.

Ne dredc hem not, do hem no reverence, For though thin housbond armed be in mayle, The arwes of thy crabbid eloquence Schal perse his brest, and eek his adventayle : In gelousy I rede eek thou him bynde,

I1G

THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And thou sehalt make him couche as doth a quayle. If thou be fair, ther folk ben in presence si Schew thou thy visage and thin apparaile ; If thou be foul, be fre of thy despense, To gete the frendes do ay thy travayle ; Be ay of chier as light as lef on lynde, And let hem care and wepe, and wryng and wayle.

317

PROLOGE OF THE MARCIIAUNDES TALE

^EPYNG and wailyng, care and other

sorwe I knowe ynough, bothe on even and on

morwe ;

Quod the Marchaund, • and so doon other mo, That weddid ben ; I trowe that it be so, For wel I woot it fareth so with me. I have a wyf, the worste that may be, For though the feend to hir y-coupled were. Sche wold him overmaeche I dar wel swerc. What schuld I yow reherse in special Hir high malice ? sche is a schrewe at al. 10

Ther is a long and a large difference Betwix Grisildes grete pacience, And of my wyf the passyng crueltc. Were I unbounden, al-so mot I the, I wolde never eft come in the snare. We weddid men lyve in sorwe and care, Assay it who-so wil, and he schal fynde That I say soth, by seint Thomas of Inde, As for the more part, I say not alle ; God schilde that it scholde so byfalle. 20

A ! good sir host, I have y- weddid be Thise monethes tuo, and more not, parde ; And yit I trowe that he, that al his lyve Wyfles hath ben, though that men wold him rive Unto the hert, ne couthe in no manere Tellen so mocho sorwe, as I now heere

318 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Couthe telle of my wyfes eursednesse.'

'Now;,' quod our ost, 'Marchaunt, so God yow blesse ! Sin ye so moche knowen of that art, Ful hertily tellith us a part.' so

' Gladly,' quod he, ' but of myn oughne sore For sory hert I telle may na more.5

THE MARCHAUNDES TALE.

^HILOM ther was dwellyng in Lombardy A worthy knight, that born was of

Pavy, In which he lyved in gret prosperite ; And fourty yer a wifles man was he, And folwed ay his bodily delyt On wommen, ther as was his appetyt, As doon these fooles that ben seculere. And whan that he was passed sixty yere, Were it for holyness or for dotage, I can not say, but such a gret corrage 10

Hadde this knight to ben a wcddid man, That day and night he doth al that he can Taspye wher that he mighte wcddid be ; Praying our Lord to graunte him, that he Might oones knowen of that blisful lif That is bitwix an housbond and his wyf, And for to lyve under that holy bond With which God first man to womman bond.

THE MARCHAUNDES TALE. 319

' Noon other lif,' sayd he, ' is worth a bene ;

For wedlok is so holy and so elene, 20

That in this world it is a paradis.'

Thus sayde this olde knight, that was so wys.

And certeinly, as soth as God is king,

To take a wyf is a glorious thing,

And namely whan a man is old and hoor,

Than is a wyf the fruyt of his trcsor ;

Than schuld he take a yong wif and a fair,

On which he might engendre him an hair,

And lede his lyf in mirthe and solace,

Wheras these bachileres synge alias, so

Whan that thay fynde eny adversite

In love, which is but childes vanite.

And trewely it sit wel to be so,

That bachilers have ofte peyne and wo ;

On brutil ground thay bulde, and brutelnesse

Thay fynde, whan thay wene sikernesse ;

Thay lyve but as a brid other as a best,

In liberte and under noon arrest ;

Ther as a weddid man, in his estate,

Lyvith his lif blisful and ordinate, 40

Under the yok of mariage i-bounde,

Wel may his herte in joye and blisse abounde ;

For who can be so buxom as a wyf?

Who is so trewe and eek so ententyf

To kepe him, seek and hool, as is his make ?

For wele or woo sche wol him not forsake.

Hche is not wery him to love and serve,

Theigh that he lay bedred til that he sterve.

And yet som clerkes seyn it is not so,

( )f whiche Theofrast is oon of tho. 50

What fors though Theofraste liste lye ?

320 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Ne take no wif, quod he, for housbondrye,

As for to spare in houshold thy dispense ;

A. trewe servaunt doth more diligence

Thy good to kepe, than thin oughne wif,

For sehe wol clayme half part in al hir life.

And if that thou be seek, so God me save,

Thyne verray frendes or a trewe knave

Wol kepe the bet than sche that waytith ay

After thy good, and hath doon many a day. co

And if that thou take a wif, be war

Of oon peril, which declare I ne dar.

This entent, and an hundrid sithe wors, Writith this ma?;, ther God his bones curs. But take no keep of al such vanite ; Deffy Theofrast, and herkne me. A wyf is Goddcs yifte verrayly ; Al other maner yiftes hardily, As landcs, rentes, pasture, or eomune, Or other moeblis, ben yiftes of fortune, 70

That passen as a schadow on a wal. But drcd not, if I playnly telle schal, A wyf wil last and in thin hous endure, Wcl longer than the lust peradventure. Mariage is a ful gret sacrament ; He which hath no wif I hold him schent ; He lyveth helples, and is al desolate (I speke of folk in seeuler estate). And herken why, I say not this for nought, That womman is for mannes help i-wrought. sj The heighe God, whan he had Adam maked, And saugh him al aloone body naked, God of his grete goodnes saj-de thanne, Let us now make an helpe to this manne

THE MARC1IAUNDES TALE. 321

Lyk to himself; and than he made Eve.

Her may ye see, and here may ye preve,

That wyf is mannes help and his comfort,

His paradis terrestre and his desport.

So buxom and so vertuous is sche,

Thay mosten neede lyvc in unite ; 90

(J rleiscli thay ben, and on blood, as I gesse,

Have but oon hert in wele and in distresse.

A wyf? a! seinte Mary, benedicite, How might a man have cny adversite That hath a wyf? eertes I can not saye. The joye that is betwixen hem twaye. Ther may no tonge telle or herte thinke. If he be pore, sehe helpith him to swynkc; Sche kepith his good, and wastith never a del ; 00 And al that her housbond list, sche likith it wel ; Sehe saith nought oones nay, whan he saith ye ; Do this, saith he ; al redy, sir, saith sche.

0 blisful ordre, 0 wedlok precious ! Thou art so mery, and eek so vertuous, And so comendid, and approved eek, That every man that holt him worth a leek, Upon his bare knees ought al his lyf Thanken his God, that him hath sent a wif, Or praye to God oon him for to sende To be with him unto his lyves ende. no

For than his lyf is set in sikernesse ; He may not be deceyved, as I gesse, So that he worche after his wyfes red ; Than may be boldely berc up his heed, j

Thay ben so trewe, and also so wyse, For whichc, if thou wolt do as the wyse, Do alway so, as womman wol the rede.

vol. ir. y

322 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Lo how that Jacob, as the clerkes rede,

By good counseil of his moder Rebecke,

Band the kydes skyn aboute his nekke ; 120

For which his fader benesoun he wan.

Lo Judith, as the story telle can,

By wys counseil sche Goddes poepel kepte,

And slough him Oliphernus whil he slepte.

Lo Abygaille, by good counseil how sche Savyd hir housboncl Nabal, whan that he Schold han ben slayn. And loke, Hester also By good counseil delivered out of wo The poeple of God, and made him Mardoche Of Assuere enhaunsed for to be. 130

Ther nys no thing in gre supcrlatif (As saith Senec) above an humble wyf. Suffre thy wyves tonge, as Catoun byt, She schal comaunde, and thou schalt suffre it, And yit sche wil obcye of curtesye.

A wif is keper of thin housbondrye : Wei may the sike man wayle and wepe, Ther as ther is no wyf the hous to kepe. I warne the, if wisly thou wilt wirche, Love wel thy wyf, as Crist loveth his chirche ; no If thou lovest thiself, thou lovest thy wyf. No man hatith his fleissch, but in his lif He fostrith it, and therfore warne I the Cherissh thy wyf, or thou schalt never the. Housbond and wif, what so men jape or pleye, Of worldly folk holden the righte weye ; Thay ben so knyt, ther may noon harm bytyde, And nameliche upon the wyves syde. For which this January, of which I tolde, Considered hath inwith his dayes olde 150

THE MARCIIAUXDES TALE. 323

The lusty lif, the vertuous quiete, That is in mariage honey-swetc.

And for his frendes on a day he senfe To tellen hem theffect of his entente. With face sad, he hath hem this tale told ; He sayde, ' Frendes, I am hoor and old. And almost (God woot) at my pittes brinke, Upon my soule som-what most I thynke. I have my body folily dispendid, Blessed be God that it sehal be amendid ; ieo

For I wil be certeyn a weddid man, And that anoon in al the hast I can, Unto som mayde, fair and tender of age. I pray yow helpith for my mariage Al sodeynl)', for I wil not abyde ; And I wil fonde tespien on my syde, To whom I may be weddid hastily. But for als moche as ye ben mo than I, Ye schul rather such a thing aspien Than I, and wher me lust best to allien. 170

But 00 thing warne I yow, my frendes deerc, I wol noon old wyf have in no manere ; Sche sehal not passe sixtene yer certayn. Oldfleisch and young fleisch, that wold I have ful fayn. Bet is,' quod lie, ' a pyk than a pikerel, And bet than olde boef is the tendre vol. [ wil no womman twenty yer of age, It nys but bene-straw and gret forage. A.nd eek these olde wydewes (God it woot) Thay can so moche craft of Wades boot, 130

So moche broken harm whan that hem list, That with hem sehuld I never lyven in rest. For sondry scolis maken subtil clerkes ;

324 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Womnnm of many a scole half a clerk is.

But certeyn, a yong thing may men gye,

Right as men may warm wax with hondes plye.

Wherfor I say yow plcnerly in a clause,

I wil noon old wyf han right for that cause.

For if so were I hadde so meschaunce,

That I in liir nc couthe have no plesauncc, 190

Then schuld I lede my lyf in advoutrie,

And go streight to the devel whan I dye.

Nc children schuld I noon upon liir getcn ;

Yet were me lever houndes hadefc me eten,

Than that myn heritage schuldc falle

In straunge bond ; and thus I telle yow alio.

I douto not, I wot the cause why

Men scholde wedde ; and forthermor woot I,

Ther spekith many man of manage,

That wot nomore of it than wot my page '-;ou

For whiche causes man schulde take a wyf.

If he ne may not chast be by his lif,

Take him a wif with gret devocioun,

Bycause of lawful procreacioun

Of children, to thonour of God above,

And not oonly for paramour and for love;

And for thay schulde leccherye eschicwe,

And yeld oure dettes whan that it is due ;

Or for that ilk man schulde helpen other

In meschief, as a sustcr schal to the brother, 21 J

And lyve in chastite ful hevenly.

But, sires, by your leve, that am not I,

For God be thanked, I dar make avaunt,

I fele my lemys stark and suffisaunt

To doon al that a man bilongeth unto ;

I wot my sclve best what I may do.

THE MARCHAUNDES TALE. 325

1 Though I be hoor, I fare as doth a tree, That blossemith er that the fruyt i-waxe be, A blossemy trc is neither drye ne deed ; I fele me no-wher hoor but on myn heed. 220

Myn herte and alle my lymes ben as greene, As laurer thurgh the yeer is for to scene. And synnes yc ban herd al myn entente, I pray yow to my wille that yc assente."

Diverse men diversly him toldc Of manage many ensamplcs olde ; Some blamed it, some praised it certayn ; But atte laste, schortly for to sayn, (As alday fallith altercacioun, Bitwixe frendes in despitesoun) 230

Ther fel a strif bitwen his bretheren tuo, Of which that oon was elepid Placebo, Justinus sothly eleped was that other. Placebo saydc : ' 0 January, brother, Ful litel need hadde yc, my lord so deere, Counseil to axe of cny that is heere ; But that ye ben so ful of sapience, That yow 11c likith for your heigh prudence To wayvc fro the word of Salamon. This word, said he, unto us everychoon : 2-10

Werk al thing by counsail, thus sayd he, And thanne schaltow nought repente the. Hut though that Salamon speke such a word, Myn owne deere brother and my lord, So wisly God bring my soulc at esc and rest, 1 holde your oughne counseil is the best. For, brother myn, of me tak this motif, 1 have now ben a court-man al my lyf. And God wot, though that 1 unworthy be,

32G THE CANTERBURY TALES.

I have standcn in ful grct cleg-re 250

Aboutcn lordes in ful high estat ;

Yit had I never with noon of hem debaat,

I never hem contraricd trewely.

I wot wel that my lord can more than I ;

What that he saith, I hold it ferm and stable,

I say the same, or clles thing semblable.

A ful gret fool is eny counsclour,

That servith any lord of high honour,

That dar presume, or oones thenken it,

That his counscil schulde passe his lordes wit. 260

Nay, lordes ben no fooles by my fay,

Ye "have your self y-spoken heer to day

>So heigh sentens, so holly, and so wel,

That I consente, and confermc every del

Your wordes alle, and youre oppinioun.

By God ther is no man in al this toun

No in Ytaile, couthc better have sayd ;

Crist holdith him of this ful wel apayd.

And trewely it is an heigh corrage

Of any man that stozjpen is in age,' 270

To take a yong wyf, by my fader kyn ;

Your herte hongith on a joly pyn.

Doth now in this matier right as yow lestc,

For fynally I hold it for the beste.'

Justinus, that ay stille sat and herde,

Right in this wise he to Placebo answerdc.

' Now, brother myn, be pacient I yow pray,

Syns ye have sayd, and herknith what I say :

Senek amonges other wordes wyse

Saith, that a man aught him wel avyse, 280

To whom he yiveth his lond or his catel.

And syns I aught avyse me right wel.

THE MARCHAUNDES TALE. 327

To whom T yive my good away fro me,

Wei more I aught avised for to be

To whom I yive my body ; for alwey

I warn yow wel it is no childes pley

To take a wyf withoute avisement.

Men most enquere (this is myn assent)

Wher sche be wys, or sobre, or dronkelewc,

Or proud, or eny other way a schrewe, 290

A chyder, or a wastour of thy good,

Or riche or pore, or elles man is wood.

Al be it so, that no man fynde schal

Noon in this world, that trottith hool in al,

Neyther man, ne best, such as men can devyse.

But natheles it aught y-nough suffisc

With any wyf, if so were that sche hadde

Mo goode thewes than hir vices baddo ;

And al this askith leyser to enquere.

For God woot, I have weped many a tore soo

Ful prively, syns I have had a wyf.

Prayse who so wil a wcddid mannes lif,

Certes I fynd in it but cost, and care,

And observaunce of alle blisses bare.

And yit, God woot, myn neighebours aboute,

And namely of wommen many, a route,

Sayn that I have the moste steclefast wyf,

And eek the meekest oon that berith lyf ;

But I woot best, wher wryngith me my scho.

Ye maye for me right as yow liste do. sio

Avysith yow, ye ben a man of age,

How that ye entren into mariage ;

And namly with a yong wif and a fair.

By Him that made water, corthe, and air,

The yongest man, that is in al this route,

328 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Is busy ynough to bring it wel aboute

To have his wif alloone, trustith me ;

Ye schul not please hir fully yeres thre,

This is to saye, to doon hir ful plesaunce.

A wyf axith ful many an observaunce. C20

I pray yow that ye be not evel apayd.'

' Wel/ quod this January, ' and hastow sayd ?

Straw for thy Senec, and for thy provcrbis !

I counte nought a panyer ful of herbes

Of scole termes ; wiser men than thow,

As I have sayd, assenten her right now

Unto my purpose : Placebo, what say ye ?'

' I say it is a cursed man/ quod he,

' That lettith matrimoigne sicurly.'

And with that word thay rysen up sodcinly, 330

And ben assented fully, that he scholdc

Be weddid whan him lust, and wher he woldc.

The fantasy and the curious busynessc Fro day to day gan in the soule impresse Of January aboute his manage. Many a fair schap, and many a fair visage, Ther passith thorugh his hcrte night by night. As who so took a mirrour polissched bright, And set it in a comun market place, Than schuld he sc many a figure pace 340

By his mirour ; and in the same wise Gan January in his thought devyse Of maydcns, which that dwellid him bisyde ; He wistc not where that he might abyde. For though that oon have beaute in hir face, Another stant so in the poeplcs grace For hir sadness and hir benignite, That of the poeple grettest vois hath schc ;

THE MARCHAUND.ES TALE. 329

And som were riche and hadde baddc name.

But natheles, bitwix ernest and game, 350

He atte last appoynted him anoon,

And let al other fro his herte goon,

And ches hir of his oughne auctorite,

For love is blynd al day, and may not se.

And whan he was into the bedde brought,

He purtrayed in his hcrt and in his thought

Hir freischc beaute, and hir age tendrc,

Hir myddel smal, hir armes long and sclendre,

Hir wise govcrnaunce, hir gentilcsse,

Hir wommanly beryng, and hir sadnesse. sgo

And whan that he on hir was condescendid, Him thought his choismighte nought ben amendid: For whan that he himself concludid hadde. Him thought ech other mannes ivitte so badde, That impossible it were to repplic Agayn his choys : tliis was his fantasic. His frendes sent he to, at his instaunce, And prayed hem to doon him that plesaunee, That hastily thay woldc to him come ; He wold abrigge her labour alle and some. 870 Nedith no more for him to gon ne ryde, He was appoynted ther he wold abyde. Placebo cam, and eck his frendes soone, And althirfirst he bad hem alle a boonc, That noon of hem noon argumentis make Agayn the purpos which that he hadc?e lake ; Which purpos was plesaunt to God, sayd he, And verray ground of his prospcrite.

He sayde, ther was a mayden in tlic toun, Which that of beaute hadde gret renoun, uso

Al were it so, sche were of smal degre,

330 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Suffisith him hir youthe and hir beaute ;

Which mayde, he sayd, he wold have to his \vj f,

To lede in ease and holinesse his lyf ;

And thankede God, that he might have hir al,

That no wight with his blissc parten schal ;

And preyed hem to labonre in this neede,

And schapcn that he failc not to speed e.

For than he sayd, his spirit was at case ;

' Than is,' quod he, ' no thing may me displease,

Save oon thing prikkith in my conscience, S9i

The which I wil rcherse in your presence.

I have herd sayd,' quod he, ' ful yore ago,

Thcr may no man have parfyt blisses tuo,

This is to say, in erthe and eck in hevene.

For though he kepe him fro the synnes sevcne,

And eek from ylk a braunchc of thilkc tre,

Yit is ther so parfyt felicite

And so grct case and lust in manage,

That ever I am agast now in myn age, 400

That I schal lede now so mcry a lyf,"

So delieat, withoute wo and stryf,

That I schal have myn heven in erthe heerc.

For sith that vcrrcy heven is bought so deere

With tribulacioun and grct penaunce,

How sehuld I thannc, that live in such plesaunce

4s alio wedded men doon with her wyves,

Come to blisse thcr Crist cterne on lyve is ?

This is m}' drede, and ye, my brethcren tweye,

Assoilith me this qucstioun, I yow preye.' 4.0

Justinus, which that hated his folye, Answerd anoon right in his japerie ; And for he wold his longc tale abriggc, He wolde noon auctorite alegge,

THE MARCHAUNDES TALE. 331

But sayde, ' Sir, so ther be noon obstacle

Other than this, God of his high miracle,

And of his mercy may so for yow wirche,

That er ye have your rightes of holy chirche

Ye may repentc of weddid mannes lyf,

In which ye sayn ther is no wo nc stryf ; 420

And ellis God forbede, but he sentc

A weddid man grace him to repentc

Wei oftc, rather than a sengle man.

And therfor, sire, the beste reed I can,

Dispaire yow nought, but have in youre memorie,

Peradventure she may be your purgatorie ;

Sche may be Goddes mene and Goddes whippe ;

Than schal your soule up to heven skippe

Swyfter than doth an arwe out of a bowe.

I hope to God herafter ye shuln knowc, 430

That ther nys noon so gret felicite

In mariage, nc nevermor schal be,

That you schal lettc of your savacioun,

So that ye use, as skile is and resoun,

The lustes of your wyf attemperely,

And that yo please hir not to amorously ;

And that ye kepe yow cek from other synnc.

My tale is doon, for my witt is thynnc.

Beth not agast hereof, my brother deere,

But let us waden out of this matiere. 440

The wif of Bathe, if ye ban undcrstondc,

Of mariage, which ye han now in honde,

Declared hath ful wel in litel space ;

Fareth now wel, God have yow in his grace.'

And with that word this Justinus and his brother Han tak her leve, and cch of hem of other. And whan liny saughe that it moste needis be,

332 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Thay wroughten so by sleight and wys trete, That sche this mayden, which that Mayus highte, As hastily as ever that sche mighte, -iso

Schal weddid be unto this Januarie. I trow it were to longe yow to tarie, If I yow tolde of every scrit and bond, By which that sche was feoffed in his lond ; Or for to herken of hir riche array. But finally y-comcn is that clay, That to the chirche bothe ben thay went, For to receyve the hol}r sacrement. Forth comth the preost,with stoole about his neeke, And bad hir be lik Sarra and Rebecke 460

In wisdom and in trouth of mariage ; And sayd his orisouns, as is usage, And crouched hem, and bad God schuld hem blcssc And made al secur ynowgh with holinesse. Thus ben thay weddid with solempnite ; And atte fest sittith he and sche With othir worthy folk upon the deys. Al ful of joy and blis is that paleys. And ful of instruments, and of vitaile, The mostc deintevous of al Ytailc. 470

Biforn hem stood such instruments of soun, That Orpheus, nc of Thebes Amphioun, Ne maden never such a melodye. At every cours ther cam loud menstralcye, That never tromped Joab for to heere, Ne he Theodomas yit half so eleerc At Thebes, whan the cite was in doute. Bachus the wyn hem schenchith al aboute, And Venus laughith upon every wight, (For January was bycome hir knight, 4 so

THE MARCHAUNDES TALE. 333

And wolde bothe assayen his corrago

In liberte and eek in mariage)

And with hir fuyrbrond in hir bond aboute

Daunceth bifore the bryde and al the route.

And certeynly I dar right wel sayc this,

Imeneus, that god of weddyng is,

Seigh never his lif so mcry a weddid man.

Holde thy pees, thow poete Marcian,

That writest us that ilke weddyng merye

Of hir Philologie and him Mercurie, is»o

And of the songes that the Muses songe ;

To smal is bothe thy penne and eek thy tonge

For to descrive of this mariage.

Whan tender youthe hath weddid stoupyng age,

Ther is such mirthe that it may not be write ;

Assaieth it your self, than may ye wyte

If that I lye or noon in this mateere.

Mayas, that sit with so benigne a cheere,

Hir to bihold it semede fayerye ;

Queen Esther lokede never with such an ye 500

On Assuere, so meke a look hath sche ;

I may not yow devyse al hir beaute ;

But thus moche of hir beaute telle I may,

That sche was lyk the brighte morw of May,

Fulfild of alle beaute and plesaunce.

This January is ravyscht in a traunce, At every tyme he lokith in hir face, But in his hcrt he gan hir to manace, That he that night in amies wold hir streyne Harder than ever Paris did Elcyne. 510

Bat natheles yit had he grct pite That thilke night offenden hir most he, And thought : < Alas ! 0 tendre creature,

334 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Now wolde God ye mighte wel endure Al my corrage, it is so scharp and keenc ; I am agast ye schul it not susteene. For God forbede, that I dede al my might. Now wolde God that it were woxe night, And that the night wolde stonden evermo. I wolde that al this poeple were ago.' £20

And fynally he doth al his labour, As he best mighte, savyng his honour, To hast hem from the mete in subtil wise. The tyme cam that resoun was to ryse, And after that men daunce, and drynke faste, And spices al about the hous thay caste, And ful of joy and blis is every man, Al but a squier, that hight Damyan, Which karf to-for the knight ful many a day ; He was so ravyssht on his lady May, That for the verray peyne he was nigh wood : Almost he swelt and swowned as he stood ; So sore hath Venus hurt him with hir brond, As that sche bar it daunsyng in hir hond. And to his bed he went him hastily ; No more of him as at this tyme telle I ; But ther I lcte him now his wo compleyne, Til freisshe May wol rewen on his peyne. 0 perilous fuyr, that in the bed-straw bredith ! 0 famuler fo, that his service bedith ! wo

0 servaunt traitour, false homly hewe, Lyk to the nedder sleighe in bosom untrewc, God schild us alle from your acqueintance ! 0 January, dronken in plesaunce Of mariage, se how thy Damyan, Thyn oughne squier and thy borne man,

30

THE MARCHAUNDES TALE. 335

Entendith for to do the vilonye ;

God graunte the thin homly fo espye.

For in this world nys worse pestilence

Than homly foo, alday in thy presence. 550

Parfourmed hath the sonne his ark diourne, No lenger may the body of him sojourne On thorisonte, as in that latitude ; Night with his mantel, that is derk and rude, Gan oversprede themesperie aboute ; For which departed is the lusti route Fro January, with thank on every side. Iloom to her houses lustily thay iyde, Wher as they doon her thinges, as hem leste, And whan they seigh her tyme thay goon to reste, Soone after that this hasty Januarie 561

Wolde go to bed, he wolde no lenger tarie. He drinkith ypocras, clarre, and vernage Of spices hote, to enerese his corrage ; And many a letuary had he ful fyn, Such as the cursed monk daun Constantin Hath writen in his book de Coitu ; To ete hem alle he wolde no thing eschieu. And to his pr/.ve frendes thus sayd ho : ' For Godcles love, as soon as it may be, 570

Let voyden al this hous in curteys wise.' And thay han doon right as he wolde devyse. Men drinken, and the travers drawe anoon ; The bruyd was "brought abcddc as stille as stoon ; And whan the bed was with the prest i-blessid, Out of the chambre hath every wight him dressed, And January hatli fast in armes take His freisshe May, his paradys, his make. He lullith hir, he kissith hir ful ofte ;

33G THE CANTERBURY TALES.

With thikke bristlis on his berd unsofte, cso

Lik to the skyn of houndfisch, seliarp as brere,

(For he was schave al ncwe in his manere)

lie rubbith hir about hir tendre face,

And saydo thus : ' Alias ! I mot trcspaco

To yow, my spouse, and yow gretly pffende,

Or tyme come that I wol doun descende ;

But natheles considerith this,' quod he,

' Tlier nys no workmen, whatsoever he be,

That may bothe werke wol and hastily ;

This wol be doon at loysir parfitly. 590

It is no fors how longe that we pleye ;

In trewe wedlock coupled be we twcye ;

And blessed be the yok that we ben inne,

For in our actcs we mowe do no synne.

A man may do no synne with his wif,

Ne hurt himselven with his oughne knyf :

For we ban leve to play us by the lawe.'

Thus laborith he, til that the day gan dawe, And than he takith *a sop in fyn clarre, And upright in his bed than sittith he. ceo

And after that he song ful lowd and clere, And kissed his wyf, and made wantoun cheere. He was al coltissch, fid of ragerye, And ful of jargoun, as a flekked pye. The slakke skyn about his nekke schaketh, Whil that he song, so chaunteth he and craketh. ISut God wot what that May thought in hir hert, Whan sche him saugh up sittyng in his' schert, In his night-cappe, and with his nekke lene ; Sche praysith nought his pleying worth a bene. Than sayd he thus: 'My reste wol I take 611

Now day is come, I may no lenger wake.'

THE MARCIIAUNDES TALE. 337

And doun ho layd his heed and sleep til prime.

And afterward, whan that he saugh his tyme,

Up riseth January, but freissche May

Holdith hir chamber unto the fourthe day,

As usage is of wyves for the best.

For every labour som tyme moot have rest,

Or elles longe may he not endure ;

This is to saye, no lyves creature, 620

Be it o/fissch, or brid, or best, or man.

Now wol I speke of woful Damyan, That languysshd/t for love, as ye schuln here ; Therefore I speke to him in this manere. I say, ' 0 sely Damyan, alias ! Answere to my dcmaunde, as in this cans, How schaltow to thy lady, freissche May, Telle thy woo ? Sche wol alway saye nay ; Eek if thou speke, sche wol thy woo bywrcye ; God be thin help, I can no better seye.' 6?o

This seke Damyan in Venus fuyr So brennith, that he deyeth for desir ; For which he put his lyf in aventure, No lenger might he in this avo endure, But prively a penner gan he borwe, And in a letter wrot he al his sorwe, In maner of a compleynt or of a lay. Unto his faire freissche lady May. And in a purs of silk, heng on his schcrt, He hath it put, and layd it at his hert. cio

The moone that at noon was thilke day That January hadc/e wcddid freissche May In tuo of Taurc, was into Cancre gliden ; So long hath Mayus in hir chambrc abiden, As custom is unto these nobles alio.

yol. 11. z

338 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

A bryde schal not ctcn in the halle,

Til dayes fonre or thre dayes atte lest

I-passed ben, than let hir go to the fest.

The fonrthe day complct fro noon to noon,

"Whan that the heighe masse was i-doon, 650

In halle sitte this January and May,

As freissch as is the brighte someres clay.

And so bifelle, that this goode man

Remcmbrid him upon this Damyan,

And sayde, ' Seintc Mary ! how may this be,

That Damyan entendith not to me ?

Is he ay seek ? or how may this bityde ? '

His sqnicrs, which that stoode ther bisyde,

Excusid him, bycanse of his syknesse,

Which letted him to doon his bnsynesse ; eec

Noon other cause mighte make him tarie,

< That me for-thinketh,' quod this Januarie ;

• He is a gentil squycr, by my trouthe,

If that he deydc, it were harm and routhe.

He is as wys, discret, and eek seere,

As any man I wot of his degre,

And therto manerly and servysablc.

And for to be a thrifty man right able.

But after mete, as soon as ever I may,

I wol myself visit him, and eek May, rT"

To doon him al the confort that I can.'

And for that word him blessed every man,

That of his bounte and his gentilesse

He wolde so comfort in his seekenesse

His squyer, for it was a gentil dcede.

« Dame,' quod this January, ' tak good heede,

At after-mete, ye with your wommen alle,

(Whan ye han ben in chambre out of this halle)

THE MARCHAUNDES TALE. odd

That alle ye goo to se this Damyan ;

Doth him dcsport, he is a gentil man, gso

And tellith him that I wil him yisite,

Have I no thing hut rested me a lytc ;

And spedith yow faste, for I wol abyde

Til that ye slepc faste by my syde.'

And with that word he gan unto him callc

A squier, that was marchal of his halle,

And told him certeyn thinges what he wolde.

This freissche May hath streight hir wey i-holde With alle hir wommen unto Damyan. Doun by his beddes syde sat sche than, coo

Comfortyng him as goodly as sche may.

This Damyan, whan that his tyme he say, In secre wise, his purs, and eek his bille, In which that he i-writen had his wille, Hath put into hir bond withouten more, Save that he siketh wonder deepc and sore, And softely to hir right thus sayd he; ' Mercy, and that ye not discover me ; For I am deed, if that this thing be hud' This purs hath sche i«with Mr bosom hud, 700

And went hir way ; ye gete no more of me ; But unto January eomen is scho. That on his beddes syde sit ful softe. He takith hir, and kissith hir ful ofte ; And layd him doun to slope, and that anoon. Sche feyned hir as that sche mostc goon Ther as ye woot that every wight moot neede ; And whan sche of this bille hath taken hecde, Sche rente it al to cloutes atte laste, And into the privy softely it caste. 710

Who studieth now hut faire freissche May?

340 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Adoun by oldc January schc lay,

That slcpith, til that the coughe hath him awaked ;

Anoon he prayde stripen hir al naked,

He wold of hir, he sayd, have som plesaunec ;

Hir clothia dede him, he soyde, som grevaunce.

And sche obeieth, be hir lief or loth.

But lest that precious folk be with me wroth,

How that he wroughte I dar not telle,

Or whethir it semed him paradys or hclle ; 720

But here I lete hem wcrken in her wise

Til evensong rong, and than thay most arise.

Whethir it be by destcny or adventure, Were it by influence, or by nature, Or by constellacioun, that in such estate The heven stood that tyme fortunate, As for to putte a bille of Venus werkis (For alle thing hath tyme, as scyn these clerkis) To eny womman for to gete hir love, I can not saye ; but grete God above, 730

That knowith that noon acte is causeles, lie denied of al, for I wil holdc my pees. But soth is this, how that this freisshe May Hath take such impressioun that day, Of pite on this sike Damyan, That from hir hcrte sche nc dryvc can The remembraunce for to doon him ease. ' Certeyn,' thought sche, ' whom that this thing

displease I rekke not, for her I him assure, To love him best of eny creature, no

Though he no more hadde than his scherte.' Lo, pite renneth soone in gentil hcrte. Heer may ye see, how excellent fraunchise

THE MARCIIAUN*ES TALE. 341

In womman is whan thay narow hem avyse.

Som tyraunt is, as ther ben many oon,

That hath an hert as hard as is a stoon,

Which wold ban lete sterven in the place

Wei rather than han graunted him her grace ;

And hem rejoysen in her cruel pride,

And rekken nought to ben an homicide. 7:0

This gentil May, fulfillid of pite, Eight of hir hond a letter makede sche, In which sche grauntith him hir verra'y grace ; Ther Iakkide nought but oonly day and place, Wher that sche might unto his lust suffise ; For it schal be right as he wol devyse. And whan sche saugh hir tyme upon a day To visite this Damyan goth May, And subtilly this lettre doun sche thruste Under his pylow, redo it if him luste. 7eo

Sche takith him by the hond, and hard him twiste So secrely, that no wight of it wiste, And bad him be al hool, and forth sche wente To January, whan that he for hir sente. Up ryseth Damyan the nexte morwe, Al passed was his siknes and his sorwe. He kembith him, he pruneth him and pyketh, He doth al that unto his lady likith ; And eek to January he goth as lowe As ever did a dogge for the bowe. 770

He is so plesaunt unto every man, (For craft is al, who so that do it can) That every wight is fayn to speke him good ; And fully in his ladys grace he stood. Thus lete I Damyan about his neede, And in my tale forth I wol procede.

342 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Some clerkes holden that felicite Stunt in delit, and therfor eerteyn he This noble January, with al his might In honest wise as longith to a knight, 7S0

Schop him to lyve fid deliciously. His housyng, his array, as honestly To his degre was maked as a kynges. Amonges other of his honest thinges He hade a gardyn walled al with stoon, So fair a gardyn wot I nowher noon. For ont of doute I verrely suppose, That he that wroot the Romauns of the Rose, Ne eouthe of hit the beaute wcl devyse ; Xe Priapus ne mighte not wel suffice, too

Though he be god of gardyns, for to telle The beaute of the gardyn, and the welle, That stood under a laurer alway greene. Ful ofte tyme he Pluto and his queene Preserpina, and al the fayerie, Desporten hem and maken melodye Aboute that welle, and daunced, as men tolde. This noble knight, this January the olde, Such deynte hath in it to walk and pleye, That he wolde no wight suffre here the keye, soo Save he himself, for of the smale wyket He bar alway of silver a smal cliket, With which whan that him list he it unschette. And whan he wolde pay his wyf hir dette In somer sesoun, thider wold he go, And May his wyf, and no wight but thay tuo ; And thinges which that weren not doon in beddc, He in the gardyn parformod hem and spedde. And in this wise many a mcry day

TUB MAIICIIAUNDES TALE. 1343

Lyvede this January and ffeische May; sio

But worldly joye may not alway endure To January, ne to no creature.

0 sodeyn hap ! o thou fortune unstable ! Lyk to the scorpioun so deseeyvablc, That flaterist with thin heed whan thou wilt

stynge ; Thy tayl is deth, thurgh thin envenymynge. 0 briiel joye ! o sweete venym queynte ! 0 monster, that so subtily canst peynte Thyn yiftes, under hiew of stedfastnesse, That thou desceyvest bothe more and lesse ! 820 Why hastow January thus deceyved, That haddist him for thy fulle frend receyved ? And now thou hast byreft him bothe his yen, For sorw of which desireth he to dyen. Alias ! this noble January fre, Amyd his lust and his prosperity Is woxe blynd, and that al sodeynly. He wepith and he weyleth pitously ; And therwithal, the fuyr of jalousye (Lest that his wif schulde falle in som folye) 830 So brent his herte that he wolde fayn That som man bothe hir and him hadde slayn ; For neyther after his deth, nor in his lyf, Ne wold he that sche were love ne wyf, But ever lyve as wydow in clothes Make, Soul as the turtil that lost hath hir make. But attc last, after a moneth or tweye, His sorwe gan aswage, soth to seye. For whan be wist it may noon other be, He paciently took his adversite; 8-io

Save out of doutc lie may not forgoon,

344 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

That he nas jalous evermore in oon ;

Which jalousie it was so outrageous,

That neyther in halle, no in noon other hous,

Ne in noon other place never the mo

He nolde suffre hir to ryde or go,

But-if that he h&dde hond on hir alway.

For which ful ofte wepeth friesche May,

That loveth Damyan so benignely,

That sche moot outlier deyen sodeinly, eso

Or elles sche moot han him as hir leste ;

She waytith whan hir herte woldc breste.

Upon that other syde Damyan

Bicomen is the sorwfulleste man

That ever was, for neyther night ne day

Ne might he spekc a word to fressehe May,

As to his purpos, of no such matiere,

But-if that January most it heere,

That had an hond upon hir evermo.

But natheles, by writyng to and fro, 860

And prive signes, wist he what sche mente,

And sche knew eek the fyn of his entente.

0 January, what might it the availe, If thou might see as fer as schippes saile ? For as good is blynd deceyved be, As to be deceyved whan a man may see. Lo, Argus, which that had an hundred eyen, For al that ever he couthe poure or prien, Yet was he blent, as, God wot, so ben moo, That weneth wisly that it be nought so ; 870

Passe over is an ease, I say no more. This freissche May, that I spak of so yore, In warm wex hath emprynted the cliket, That January bar of the smale wiket,

THE MARCHAUNDES TALE. 3-15

With which into his gardyn ofte he went<?,

And Damyan that knew al hir entente

The cliket eounterfeted prively ;

Ther nys no more to saye, but hastily

Som wonder by this cliket schal betyde,

Which ye schal heeren, if ye wol abyde. sso

0 noble Ovyde, wel soth saistow, God woot, What sleight is it though it be long and hoot, That he nyl fynd it out in som manere ? By Piramus and Thesbe may men lcere ; Though they were kept ful longe streyt overal, Thay ben accorded, rownyng thurgh a wal, Ther no wight couthe han found out swich a sleight. For now to purpos ; er that dayes eyght Were passid of the moneth of Juyl, bifille That January hath caught so grct a wille, S90

Thorugh eggyng of his wyf, him for to pleye In his gardyn, and no wight but they tweye, That in a morwe unto this May saith he : < Rys up, my wif, my love, my lady fre ; The turtlis vois is herd, my douve swete ; The wynter is goon, with his raynes wete. Come forth now with thin eyghen columbine. How fairer ben thy brestes than is the wyne. The gardyn is enclosed al aboute : Com forth, my swete spouse, out of doute, ooo

Thou hast me wounded in myn hert, o wyf; No spot in the knew I in al my lif. Com forth, and let us take oure desport, I ches the for my wyf and my comfort.' Such olde lowed wordes used he. On Damyan a signe made schc, That he schukk go biforn with his cliket.

340 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

This Damyan than hath opened the wiket,

And in lie stert, and that in such man ere,

That no wight it mighte see nor heere, o;o

And stille he seet under a bnssch. Anoon

This January, as blynd as is a stoon,

With Mayus in his hond, and no wight mo,

Into his freische gardyn is ago,

And clappide to the wiket sodeinly.

' Now, wyf,' quod he, ' her nys but ye and I,

Thou art the creature that I best love ;

For by that Lord that sit in heven above.

Lever ich hadde to dyen on a knyf,

Than the offende, deere trewe wyf. 920

For Goddes sake, thenk how I the chees,

Nought for no eoveytise douteles,

But oonly for the love I hadde to the.

And though that I be old and may not se,

Beeth trewe to me, and I wol telle yow why ;

Thre thingcs, certes, sehul ye wynne therby ;

First, love of Crist, and to your self honour,

And al myn heritage, toun and tour.

I yive it yow, makith ehartres as yow leste ;

This sehal ben doon to morw er sonne reste mo

So wisly God my soule bringe in blisse !

I pray yow first in covenaunt ye me kissc.

And though that I be jalous, wyt me nought,

Ye ben so deep emprinted in my thought,

That whan that I considre your beaute,

And therwithal the unlikly eelde of me.

I may nought, certes, though I schulde dye,

Forbore to ben out of your companye

For verray love ; this is withouten doute

Now kissc me, wyf, and let us rome aboute.' 9 10

THE MARCIIAUNDES TALE. 347

This freissche May, whan sehe hits wordes horde,

Benignely to January answerde,

But first and forward sche bigan to wepc :

' I have,' quod sche, ' a soule for to kepe

As wel as ye, and also myn honour,

And of ray wif hod thilke tendre flour.

Which that I have ensured in your hond,

Whan that the prest to yow my hody bond ;

Wherfor I wil answer in this raanere,

With the leve of yow, myn oiven lord, so deere. 950

I pray to God that never dawe the day,

That I ne sterve, as foule as womman may,

If ever I do unto my kyn that sehame,

Or elles I empaire so my name,

That I be fals ; and if I do that lak,

Doth strepe me, and put me in a sak,

And in the nexte ryver do me drcnche ;

I am a gentil womman, and no wenche.

Why speke ye thus ? but men ben ever untrewe,

And wommen han reproef of yow ever newc. oco

Ye have noon other contenaunce, I leve,

But speke to us of untrust and reprcve.'

And with that word sche saugh wher Damyan

Sat in the buissh, and coughen sche bigan ;

And witli hir fyngres signes made sche,

That Damyan schulde clymb upon a tre,

That charged was with fruyt, and up lie wente ;

For verrayly he knew al hir entente,

And every signe that sche couthe make,

Wei bet than January hir oughne make. {.70

For in a letter sche hadde told him al

Of this matier, how he worehe sehal.

And thus 1 lete him sitte in the pirie,

348 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And January and May romyngc mine.

Bright was the day, and bliew the firmament ; Pliebus hath of gold his stremes doun i-sent To gladen every flour with his warmnesse ; He was that tyme in Genii nes, as I gesse, But litel fro his deelinaeioun Of Canker, Joves exaltacioun. 9so

And so bifel that brighte morwen tydc, That in that gardyn, in the ferther sydc, Tluto, that is the kyng of fayerye, And many a lady in his compaignie Folwyng his wif, the queene Preserpina, Whiche that he ravysched out of Cecilia, Whil that sehe gadrede floures in the mede, (In Claud i an ye maye the story rede, How in his grisly carte he hir fette) ; This king of fayry than adoun him sette 990

Upon a bench of turves freissh and greene, And right anoon thus sayd he to his queene :

' My wyf,' quod he, ' thcr may no wight saye nay, Thexperiens so preveth every day, The tresoun which that womman doth to man , Ten hundrid thousand [stories] tellen I can Notable of your untrouth and brutelnesse. 0 Salamon, wys and richest of richesse, Fulfild of sapiens, and of worldly glorie, Ful worthy ben thy wordes to memorie 1000

To every wight, that wit and resoun can. Thus praysith he yit the bounte of man ; Among a thousand men yit fond I oon, But of wommen alle found I never noon. Thus saith the king, thatknoweth your wikkednesse, That Jhesus, films Sirac, as I gesse,

THE MARCHAUNDES TALE. 349

Ne spekith of yow but selde reverence.

A wild fuyr and corrupt pestilence

So falle upon your bodies yit to night !

Ne see ye not this honurable knight ? 1010

Bycause, alias ! that he is blynd and old,

His owne man schal make him cokewold ;

Loo, wher he sitt, the lecchour, in the tre !

Now wol I graunten, of my majeste,

Unto this olde blinde worthy knight,

That he schal have ayein his eyghen sight,

Whan that his wyf wol do him vilonye ;

Than schal he knowe al her harlotrye,

Bothe in rcproef of her and other mo.'

< Ye schal?' quod Preserpine, ' and wol ye so? 1020

Now by my modres Ceres soule I swere,

That I schal yive hir suffisaunt answerc,

And alle wommen after for hir sake ;

That though thay be in any gult i-take,

With face bold thay schul hemself excuse,

And bcre hem doun that wolde hem accuse.

For lak of answer, noon of hem schal dyen.

Al had a man seyn a thing with bothe his yen,

Yit schul we wymmen visage it hardily,

And wcpe, and swere, and chide subtilly, 1030

So that ye men schul ben as lowed as gees ;

What rekkith me of your auctoritees ?

I wot wel that this Jew, this Salamon,

Fond of us wommen fooles many oon ;

But though he ne fond no good womman,

Yit hath ther founde many another man

Wommen ful trewe, ful good, and vert nous ;

Witnessc on hem that dwclle in Cristes hous,

With martirdom thay proved her constaunce.

350 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

The Romayn gestes eck make reraembraunce 1040

Of many a vcrray trewe wyf also.

But, sire, be nought wrath, al be it so,

Though that he sayd he fond no good womman,

I pray yow tak the scntens of the man ;

He mente thus, that in sovereign bounte

Nis noon but God, that sit in Trinite.

Ey, for vcrrey God that nys but oon,

What make ye so moche of Salamon?

What though he made a temple, Goddes hous ?

What though he were riche and glorious ? 10.30

So made he eek a temple of fals godis,

How might he do a thing that more forbode is ?

Parde, als fair as ye his name emplastre,

He was a lecchour and an ydolastre,

And in his eelde he verray God forsook ;

And if that God ne hadde (as saith the book)

I-spared him for his fadres sake, he scholde

Have lest his regne rather than he wolde.

I sette right nought of the vilonye,

That ye of wommcn write, a boterflie ; ioso

I am a womman, needes most I speke,

Or ellcs swelle tyl myn herte breke.

For syn he sayde that we ben jangleresses,

As ever hool I moote brouke my tresses,

I schal not spare for no eurtesye

To speke him harm, that wold us vilonye.'

' Dame,' quod this Pluto, < be no lenger wroth,

I yive it up : but sith I swere myn oth,

That I wil graunte him his sight agein,

My word schal stonde, I warne yow certeyn ; 1070

I am a kyng, it sit me nought to lye.'

' And I, quod sche, < am queen of faierie.

THE MARCHAUNDES TALE. 301

Hir answer schal schc have, I undertake ; Let us no mo wordcs herof make. Forsoth I wol no lenger yow contrarie.' Now let us turne agayn to Januarye, That in this gardyn with this faire May Syngeth, ful merier than the papinjay, ' Yow love I best, and schal, and other noon.' So long about the aleys is he goon, ioso

Til he was come agaynes thilke pirie, Wher as this Damyan sittith ful mirye On heigh, among the freischc leevys greene. This freissche May, that is so bright and schcene, Gan for to syke, and sayd, ' Alias my syde ! Now, sir,' quod sche, ' for aught that may bityde, I most ban of the peres that I see, Or I moot dye, so sore longith me To eten of the smale peris greene ; Help for hir love that is of hcven queene ! loco I telle yow wel a womman in my plyt May have to fruyt so grot an appetyt That schc may deyen, but sche it have.' < Alias ! ' quod he, ' that I nad heer a knave That couthe climbe, alias ! alias !' quod he, ' For I am blynd.' ' Ye, sire, no fors,' quod sche ; ' But wolde ye vouchesauf, for Goddes sake, The piry inwith your amies for to take, (For wel I woot that ye mystruste me) Than schold I clymbe wel y-nough,' quod sche, ' So I my foot mighte set upon your bak.' 1101

' Certcs,' quod he, ' theron schal be no lak, Might I yow helpe with myn herte blood.' He stoupith doun, and on his bak sche stood, And caught hir by a twist, and up schc goth.

352 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

(Ladys, I pray yow that ye be not wroth, I can not glose, I am, "a rude man :) And sodeinly anoon this Damyan Gan pullen up the smok, and in he throng.

And whan that Pluto saugh this grete wrong, To January he yaf his sight agayn, 1111

Ne was ther never man of thing so fayn ; But on his wyf his thought was evermo. Up to the tree he kest his ej'ghen tuo, And scigh that Damyan his wyf hadc/e dressid In which maner. it may not ben expressid, But-if I wolde speke uncurteisly. And up he yaf a roryng and a cry, As doth the modcr whan the child schal dye ; ' Out! help ! alias ! harrow !' he gan to crie; 1120 ' 0 stronge lady stoure, what dos thow ? '

And sche answerith : ' Sire, what cylith yow ? Have paciens and resoun in your mynde, I have yow holpen on bothe your eyen blynde. Up peril of my soule, I schal not lyen, As me was taught to hele with your yen, Was nothing bet for to make yow see, Than strogglc with a man upon a tree ; God woot, I dede it in ful good entente.' ' Stroggle !' quod he, 'ye, algat in it wente. 1130 God yive yow bothe on schames deth to dyen ! He swyvede the ; I saugh it with myn yen ; And elles be I honged by the hals.' ' Than is,' quod sche ' my medicine fals. For certeynly, if that ye mightcn see, Ye wolde not saye tho wordes unto me. Ye han som glymsyng, and no parfyt siglite, ' I se,' quod he, ' as wel as ever I mighte.

THE MAuCHAUNDES TALE. 353

(Thankid be God) with bothe myn yen tuo,

And by my trouth me thought he did the so.' mo

' Ye mase, mase, goode sir,' quod sche ;

' This thank have I for I have maad yow see ;

Alias ! ' quod sche, ' that ever I was so kynde.'

' Now, dame,' quod he, ' let al passe out of mynde ;

Com doun, my leef, and if I have myssayd,

God help me so, as I am evel appayd.

But by my fader soule, I wende have seyn,

How that this Damyan hadde by the leyn,

And that thy smok hadefe layn upon thy breste.'

' Ye, sire,' quod sche, ' ye may wene as yow leste ;

But, sire, a man that wakith out of his slep, 1151

He may not sodeynly wel take keep

Upon a thing, ne seen it parfytly,

Til that he be adawed verrayly.

Right so a man, that long hath blynd i-be,

He may not sodeynly so wel i-se,

First whan the sight is newe comen agayn,

As he that hath a day or tuo i-sayn.

Til that your sight y-stablid be a while,

Ther may ful many a sighte yow bigile. 1100

Beth war, I pray yow, for, by heven king,

Ful many man wenith for to se a thing

And it is al another than it semetli ;

He that mysconeeyveth he mysdemeth.'

And with that word sche leepdoun fro the tre. This January who is glad but he ? He kissith hir, and clippith hir ful ofte. And on hir wombe he strokith hir ful softe ; And to his paleys horn he bath hir lad. Now, goode men, I pray yow to be glad. 1170

Thus endith her my tale of Januarye, God blesse us, and his moder seinte Marie !

VOL. II. A A.

354 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

THE SQUYERES BROLOGE.

|j¥p^r£Y ! Goddes mercy ! ' sayd our Hostc tho,

li«I ' n°w sucn a wy^ ^ pray ^0<^ ^ieeP

me fro. Lo, whiche sleightes and subtilitecs In wommen ben ; for ay as busy as bees Ben thay us seely men for to desceyve, And from a soth ever wol thay weyve. By this Marchaundes tale it proveth wel. But douteles, as trewe as eny Steele I have a wyf, though that sche pore be ; But of hir tonge a kbbyng schrcwe is sche ; 10 And yit sche hath an heep of vices mo. Therof no fors ; let alle such tbinges go. But wite ye what ? in counscil be it seyd, Me rewith sore I am unto hir teyd ; And if I scholde reken every vice, Which that sche hath, i-wis I were to nyce ; And cause why, it schulde reported be And told to hir of som of this meyne, (Of whom it needith not for to declare, Syn wommen connen oute such chaffare) ; 20

And eek my witte suffisith nought therto To tellen al; wherfor my tale is do.'

' Sir Squier, com forth, if that your willc be, And say us a tale of love, for ccrtes ye Connen theron as moche as ony man.'

• Nay, sire,' quod he ; ' but I wil say as I can With herty wil, for I wil not rebclle

THE SQUYERES TALE. 355

Against your wille ; a tale wil I telle, Have me excused if that I speke amys ; My wil is good; and thereto my tale is this.'

THE SQUYERES TALE.

jT Sarray, in the lond of Tartary, Thcr dwelled a kyng that werryede

Russy, Thurgh which thcr deyede many a doughty man ;

This nohil kyng was cleped Cambynskan,

Which in his tyme was of so grct rcnoun,

That thcr nas nowher in no regiouu

So excellent a lord in allc thing ;

Him lakkede nought that longede to a kyng.

As of the secte of which that he was born,

He kept his lawc to which that he was sworn ; 10

And therto he was hardy, wys, and richc,

And pitous and just, and alway yliche,

Soth of his word, benign and honurablc ;

Of his corage as eny centre stable ;

Yong, freisch, and strong, in amies desirous,

As eny bachiler of al his hous.

A fair person he was, and fortunat,

And kepte so wel his real astat.

That ther was nowher such a ryal man.

This noble kyng, this Tartrc, this Cambynskan, i'C

Hadde tuo sones by Eleheta his wyf,

Of which the eldest highto Algarsyf,

That other was i-cleped C'amballo.

30

35G THE CANTERBURY TALES.

A doughter hadde this worthi king also, That yongest was, and highte Canace ; But for to telle yow al hir beaute, It lith not on my tonge, ne my connyng, I dar nought undertake so heigh a thing ; Myn Englissh eek is insufficient, It moste be a rothor excellent That couth his colours longyng for that art, If he schold hir discryve in eny part ; I am non such, I mot spekc as I can. And so bifel it, that this Cambynskan

Hath twenty wynter born his dyademe;

As he was wont fro ycr to yer, I demc,

He leet the fest of his nativite

Don cryen, thurghout Sarray his cite,

The last Idus of March, after the yeer.

Phebus the sonne ful joly was and cleer, 40

For he was neigh his exaltacioun

In Martez face, and in his mansioun

In Aries, the colcrik, the hote signe.

Ful lusty was the wedir and benigne,

For which the foules ayein the sonne scheene,

What for the sesoun and for the yonge greene,

Ful lowde song in here affecciouns ;

Hem semed have geten hem protecciouns

Ayens the swerd of wynter kene and cold.

This Cambynskan, of which I have yow told, so

In royal vesture, sittyng on his deys

With dyaclem, ful heigh in his paleys,

And held his fest solempnc and so richc,

That in this worlde ne was there noon it liche.

Of which if I schal tellen al tliarray,

Than wold it occupie a somcres day;

THE SQUYERES TALE. 357

And eek it needith nought for to dcvyse

At every cours the ordrc and the servyse.

I wol nat tellen of her straunge sewes,

Ne of her swannes, ne here heroun-sewes. so

Ek in that lond, as tellen knightes olde,

Ther is som mete that is ful deyntc holde,

That in this lond men recch of it but smal ;

Ther is no man it may reporten al,

1 wol not taricn you, for it is pryme,

And for it is no fruyt, but los of tyme,

Unto my purpos I wol have my recours.

That so bifellc after the thridde cours,

Whil that the kyng sit thus in his nobleye,

Herkyng his mynstrales her thinges pleye 70

Byforn him atte boord deliciously,

In atte halle dore al sodeynly

Ther com a knight upon a steed of bras,

And in his hond a brod myrour of glas ;

Upon his thomb he had of gold a ryng,

And by his side a naked swerd hangyng :

And up he rideth to the heyghe bord.

In al the halle ne was ther spoke a word,

For mcrvayl of this knight ; him to byholde

Ful besily they wayten yong and olde. so

This straunge knight that cam thus sodeynly, Al armed sauf his heed ful richely, Salued the kyng and queen, and lordes alio By ordre, as they seten into halle, With so heigh rcverens and observaunce, As wel in speche as in eontynaunce, Than Qaweyn with his olde curtesy. They he were come ayein out of fayrye, Ne couthe him nought amende with no word.

358 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

And after this, biforn the highe bord 90

He with a manly vois sayd his message,

After the forme used in his laneage,

Withouten vice of sillabil or letter.

And for his tale sehulde seme the better,

Aceordaunt to his wordes was his cheere.

As techeth art of speche hem that it leere.

Al be it that I can nat sowne his style,

Ne can nat clymben over so heigh a style,

Yit say I this, as to comnn entente,

Thus moche amounteth al that ever he mente, 100

If it so be that I have it in mynde.

He sayde : ' The kyng of Arraby and Yynde, My liege lord, on this solempne day Saluteth yon as he best can or may ; He sendeth yon, in honour of your festc, By me, that am redy, at al his heste, This steede of bras, that esily and wcl Can in the space of 0 day naturel, (This is to say, in four and twenty houres) Wher-so yow lust, in droughthe or in schoures, 110 Beren your body into every place, To which your herte wilneth for to pace, Withouten wem of you, thurgh foul and fair. Or if you lust to flee as heigh in thair As doth an egle, whan him list to sore, This same steede schal bere you evermore Withoute harm, til ye be ther yow leste, (Though that ye slepen on his bak or reste), And torne ayein, with wry thing of a pyn. He that it wrought cowthe fid many a gyn ; 120 He waytede many a constellacioun, Er he htxdde do this operacioun,

THE SQUYERES TALE. 359

And knew ful many a seal and many a bond. ' This mirour eek, that I have in myn hond,

Hath such a mighte, that men may in it see

When ther schal falle eny adversite

Unto your regne, or to yourself also,

And openly, who is your frend or fo.

And over al this, if eny lady bright

Hath set hir hert on eny maner wight, 130

If he be fals, sche schal his tresoun see,

His newe love, and his subtilite,

So openly, that ther schal nothing hyde.

Wherfor ayeins this lusty somer tyde

This mirour and this ryng, that ye may see,

He hath send to my lady Canacee,

Your excellente doughter that is heere.

' The vertu of this ryng, if ye wol heere, Is this, that who-so lust it for to were Upon hir thomb, or in hir purs to bere, mo

Ther is no foul that fleeth under the heven, That sche ne schal understonden his Steven, And know his menyng openly and pleyn, And answer him in his langage ayeyn ; And every gras that groweth upon roote Sche schal eek knowe, to whom it wol do boote, Al be his woundes never so deep and wyde.

< This naked swerd, that hangcth by my side, Such vertu hath, that what man that it smyte, Thurghout his armur it wol kerve and byte, 150 Were it as thikke as is a braunched ook ; And what man is i-wounded with the strook Schal never be hool, til that you Inst of grace To strok him with the plat in thilkc place Ther he is hurt ; this is as mochc to seyn,

360 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Ye moote with the platte swerd ayein Stroke him in the wound, and it wol close. This is the verray soth withouten glose, It failleth nought, whil it is in your hold/

And whan this knight thus hadde his tale told, He rit out of the halle, and doun he light. i6i

His steede, which that schon as sonnc bright, Stant in the court as stille as cny stoon. This knight is to his ehambre lad anoon, And is unarmed, and to mote i-sett. This presentz ben ful richely i-fett, This is to sayn, the swerd and the myrrour, And born anon unto the highe tour, With certein officers ordeynd therfore ; And unto Canace the ryng is bore 170

Solempnely, ther sche syt atte tabic ; But sikerly, withouten eny fable, The hors of bras, that may nat be remewed, It stant, as it were to the ground i-glewcd ; Ther may no man out of the place it dryve For noon engyn of wyndas or polyve ; And cause why, for they can nought the craft, And therfor in the place thei have it laft, Til that the knight hath taught hem the manere To voyden him, as ye schul after heere. 180

Greet was the pres that swarmede to and fro To ganren on this hors that stondeth so ; For it so hike was, and so brod and long, So wel proporcioned to be strong, Right as it were a steed of Lumbardye ; Thcrto so horsly, and so quyk of ye, As it a gentil Foyleys courser were ; For certes, fro his tayl unto his eere

THE SQUYERES TALE. 361

Nature ne art nc couthe him nought amende

In no degre, as al the poepel wende. iso

But evermore her moste wonder was,

How that it couthe goon, and was of bras ;

It was of fayry, as the poeple semede.

Diverse peple diversly they demede ;

As many hedes, as many wittes been.

They murmured, as doth a swarm of been,

And made sidles after her fantasies,

Rehersyng of the olde poetries,

And seyden it was i-like the Pegas.;.

The hors that hadde wynges for to fie ; 200

Or elles it was the Grekissch hors Synon,

That broughte Troye to destruceioun,

As men may in the olde gestes rede.

' Myn hert,' quod oon, ' is evermore in drede,

I trow som men of armes ben therinne,

That schapen hem this cite for to Wynne ;

It were right good that al such thing were knowe.'

Another rownede to his felaw lowe,

And sayde : ' It lyth, for it is rather lik

An apparence maad by som magik, 210

As jogelours plcyen at this festes grete.'

Of sondry thoughtes thus they jangle and trete,

As lewed peple demeth comunly

Of thinges that ben maad more subtily

Than they can in her lewednes comprehende,

They dcemen gladly to the badder ende.

And som of hem wondred on the mirrour,

That born was up into the maister tour,

How men might in hit suche thinges se.

Another answerd, and sayd, it mighte wel be 220

Naturelly by composiciouns

802 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Of angels, and of heigh reflexiouns ;

And sayde that in Rome was such oon.

They speeke of Alhuten and Yitilyon,

And Aristotle, that wi'iten in her lyves

Of queynte myrrours and prospeetyves,

As knowen they that han her bokes herd.

And other folk have wondred on the swerd,

That wolde passe thorughout every thing ;

And fel in speehe of Thelophus the kyng, 230

And of Achilles for his queynte spere,

For he couthe with hit bothe hele and dere,

Right in such wyse as men maye with the swerd,

Of which right now ye have your-selven herd.

They speken of sondry hardyng of metal,

And speken of medicines ther withal,

And how and whan it schulde harded be,

Which is unknowe algat unto me.

Tho specken they of Canacees ryng,

And seyden alle, that such a wonder thing 240

Of craft of rynges herd they never noon,

Sauf that he Moyses and kyng Salamon

~Radden a name of connyng in such art.

Thus seyen the peple, and draicen hem apart.

But nathcles som seiden that it was

Wonder thing to make of feme aisschen glas,

And jut is glas nought like aisschen of feme,

But for they han i-knowen it so fcrne ;

Therfor cesseth her janglyng and her wonder.

And sore wondrede som of cause of thonder, 230

On ebbe and flood, on gossomer, and on myst,

And on alle thing, til that the cause is wist.

Thus janglcn they, and dem en and devyse,

Til that tho kyng gan fro his bord arise.

THE SQUYERES TALE. 8G3

Phebus hath laft the angel merydyonal, And yit ascendyng was a best roial, The gcntil Lyoun, with his AZdryan, "Whan that this gentil kyng, this Cambynskan, Ros fro his bord, ther as he sat ful hyc ; Biforn him goth ful lowde menstralcye, 200

Til he cam to his ehambre of parementz, Ther as ther were divers instrumentz, That is y-like an heven for to heere.

Now dauneen lusty Venus children deere ; For in the fis^ch her lady sat ful heyghe, And loketh on hem with a frendly eyghe. This noble kyng is set upon his trone ; This straunge knight is fet to him ful sone, And in the daunce he gan with Canacc. Her is the revel and the jolyte, 270

That is not able a dul man to devyse ; He most have knowe lovo and his servise. And ben a festly man, as freisch as May, That schulde you devyse such array. Who couthe telle you the forme of daunce So uncouth, and such a freisch countinaunce, Such subtil lokyng of dissimilynges, For drede of jalous folk apparccy vynges ? No man but Launcolet, and he is deed. Therfore I passe over al this lustyheed, 2S0

I say no more, but in (his jolynesse I lete hem, til men to soper hem drcsse. The sty ward byt the spices for to bye And eek the wyn, in al this melodye ; Thes usschers and thes squyers ben agon, The spices and the wyn is come anoon ; They eet and drank, and whan this had an cnde,

3G-1 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Unto the temple, as resoun was, they wende ;

The servise doon, they soupen al by day.

What needeth you to rehersen her array ? 2.00

Eeh man wot wel, that a kynges feste

Hath plente, to the lest and to the meste,

And deyntees mo than ben in my knowyng.

And after souper goth this noble kyng

To see this hors of bras, with al his route

Of lordes and of ladyes him aboute.

Swich wondryng was ther on this hors of bras,

That sethm this grete siege of Troye was,

Ther as men wondred on an hors also,

Ne was ther such a wondryng as was tho. 300

But fynally the kyng askede the knight

The vertu of this courser, and the might,

And prayd him tellen of his governaunce.

The hors anoon gan for to trippe and daunee,

Whan that the knight leyd hand upon his rayne,

And sayde, ' Sir, ther is nomore to sayne,

But whan you lust to ryde any where,

Ye moote trille a pyn that stant in his ere,

Which I schal telle you bit wen us two,

Ye moste ncmpne him to what place also, 310

Or what countre you luste for to ryde.

And whan ye come ther you lust abyde,

Bid him deseende, and trille another pynne,

(For therin lith thefect of al the gynne)

And he wol doun descend and do your wille.

And in that place he wol abyde stillc ;

Though al the world hadc/e the contrary swore,

He schal nat thennes be i-throwe ne bore.

Or if you lust to bid him thennes goon,

Trille this pyn, and he wol vanyssh anoon 320

THE SQUYERES TALE.

365

Out of the sight of every maner wight, And come ayein, be it by day or night, Whan that you lust to elcpen him ayayn In such a gyse, as I schal yow sayn Bitwixe you and me, and therfor soonc, Byd whan you lust, ther nys nomor to donne.' Enformed when the kyng was of the knight, And hadde conceyved in his wit aright The maner and the forme of al this thing, Ful glad and blith, this noble doughty kyng Repeyryng to his revel, as biforn, The bridel is unto the tour i-born, And kept among his jewels leef and deere; The hors vanyscht, I not in what manere, Out of her sight, ye get nomore of me ; But thus I lete him in his jolite This Cambinskan his lordes festeynge, Til wel neigh the day bigan to sprynge.

INCiriT SECUNDA PARS.

(TIE noricc of digestioun, the sleep, Gan to hem wynk, and bad of him

take keep, That mirthc and labour wol have his reste ; And with a galpyng mouth lie hem allc keste, And sayde, that it was tyme to lye doun, For blood was in his dominacioun: ' Cherischeth Mode, natures /rend,' quod he.

366 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

They thankyn him galpyng, by two and thre

And every wight gan drawe him to his rest,

As sleep hem bad, they took it for the best. 10

Here dremes schul not now be told for me ;

Ful were here heedes of fumosite,

That causeth drem, of which ther is no charge.

They slepen til that it was prime large,

The moste part, but it were Canace ;

Sche was ful mesurable, as wommen be.

For of hir fader Yi&dde sche take hir leve

To go to restc, soon after it was eve ;

Hir lnste not appalled for to be,

Ne on the morwe unfestly for to se ; 20

And kept hir firste sleep, and then awook.

For such a joye sche in hire hcrte took,

Bothe- of hir queyntc ryng, and hir myrrour,

That twenty tymc chaunged hire colour ;

And in hire sleep, right for impressioun

Of hir myrrour, sche had a visioun.

Wherfor, er that the sonne up gan glyde,

Sche eleped upon her maistresse beside,

And sayde, that hire luste for to ryse.

These olde wommen, that ben gladly wise, so

As is here maystresse, answered her anoon,

And sayde, ' Madame, whider wold yc goon

Thus erly ? for folk ben alle in reste.'

' I wil,' quod sche, ' aryse, for me leste

No lenger for to slope, and walke aboute.'

Her maistres clepeth wommen a gret route,

And up they risen, a ten other a twelve.

Up ryseth fresshe Canace hir selvc,

As rody and bright, as is the yonge sonne

That in the ram is ten degrees i-ronne ; 40

THE SQUYERES TALE. 367

Non heigher was he, whan sche redy was ;

And forth sche walked esily a pas,

Arayed after the lusty sesoun soote

Lightly for to play, and walke on foote,

Nought but with fyve or six of hir meync ;

And in a trench fer in the park goth sche.

The vapour, which that of the erthe glod,

Maketh the sonne seme rody and brood ;

But natheles, it was so fair a sight,

That it made alio here hertes for to light, 50

"What for the sesoun, what for the mornynge,

And for the foules that sche herde synge.

For right anoon sche wiste what they mente

Right by here song, and knew al here entente.

The knotte, why that every tale is told, If that it be taryed til lust be cold Of hem that han hit after herkned yore, The savour passeth ever lenger the more, For fulsomnes of the prolixite ; And by this same resoun thinketh me go

I schulde to the knotte condescende. And make of hir walkynge sone an endc. Amyddes a tree for-druye, as whit as chalk, As Canace was pleyyng in hir walk, There sat a faukoun over hir heed ful liye, That with a pitaus vois bigan to crye, That al the woodc resowned of hire cry, I-beten haddc sche hirself so pitously With botho hir wynges, til the reede blood Kan endelong the tree, ther as sche stood. 70

And ever in oon sche cried and schryghte, And with hir bek hir selven so sche pighte, That tlier nys tigre non ne cruel beste,

3G3 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

That dwelleth eyther in wood, or in forcste,

That nold han wept, if that wepen he eowde,

For sorw of hir, sche schright alway so lowde.

For ther nas never yit no man on lyve,

If that he couth e a faukoun wele discrive,

That herd of such another of fairnesse

As wel of plumage, as of gentillessc so

Of schap, of al that might i-rekened he.

A faukoun peregryn than semede sche

Of fremde lond ; and ever as "sche stood,

Sche swownede now and now for lak of blood,

Til wel neigh is sche fallen fro the tre.

This faire kynges doughter, Canace,

That on hir fynger bar the queynte ryng,

Thurgh which sche understood wel every thing

That eny foul may in his lydne sayn,

And couthe answer him in his lydne agayn, 90

Hath understonde what this faukoun seyde,

And wel neigh for rewthe almost sche deyde.

And to the tree sche goth ful hastily,

And on this faukoun loketh pitously,

And held hir lappe abrod, for wel sche wiste

The faukoun moste fallc fro the twiste,

Whan that it swownede next, for lak of blood.

A long while to wayten hir sche stood,

Til atte last sche spak in this mancre

Unto the hauk, as ye schul after hecre. ico

' What is the cause, if it be for to telle,

That ye ben in that furyalle pcyne of hello ? '

Quod Canace unto this hauk above ;

' Is this for sonvc of deth, or elles love ?

For as I trowe, this ben causes tuo

That causen most a gentil hertc wo.

THE SQUYERES TALE. 360

Of other harm it needeth nought to speke, For ye your self upon your self awreke ; Which preveth wel, that either ire or drede Mote ben enchesoun of your cruel dede, no

Sith that I sec noon other wight you chace. For love of God, so doth your solve grace. Or what maye ben your helpe ? for west nor este Ne saugh I never er now no bryd ne bestc, That ferde with him-self so pitously. Ye sle me with your sorwe so verrily, I have of you so grct compassioun. For Goddes love, com fro the tree adoun ; And as I am a kynges doughter trewe, If that I vcrrayly the cause knewe 120

Of your disese, if it lay in my might, I wold amenden it, or that it wcr ny<jlit, Als wisly help me grete God of kynde. And herbes schal I right y-nowe ?/-fynde, To helen with your hurtes hastyly.3 Tho schright? this faukoun more pitously Than ever sche did, and hi to ground anoon. And lay aswowne, deed as eny stoon, Til Canace hath in hir lap y-take, Unto that tyme sche gan of swowne awake ; 130 And after that sche gan of swown abreyde, Right in hir haukes lydne thus sche sayde. ' That pite renneth sone in gentil herte (Felyng his similitude in peyncs smerte) Is proved alday, as men may see, As wel by werk as by auctorite ; For gentil herte kepeth geutillesse. I see wel, that ye have on my distrcsse Compassioun, my faire Canace, vol. ir. B B

370 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Of verray wommanly benignite, ho

That nature in your principles hath set. But for noon hope for to fare the bet, But for to obeye unto your herte fre, And for to make othere war by me, As by the whelp chastised is the lyoun ; And for that cause and that conclusioun, Whiles that I have a leyser and a space, Myn harm I wil confessen er I pace.' And whil sche ever of hir sorwe tolde, That other wept, as sche to water wolde, wo

Til that the faucoun bad hir to be stille, And with a sighhe thus sche sayd hir tillc. ' Ther I was bred, (alias that ilke day !) And fostred in a roch of marble gray So tendrely, that nothing eylede me, I ne wiste not what was adversite, Til I couthe flee ful heigh under the sky. Tho dwelled a tercelet me faste by, That semede welle of alle gentillesse ; Al were he ful of tresoun and falsnesse, igo

It was i-wrapped under humble cheere, And under heewe of trouthe in such manere, Under plesaunce, and under besy peyne, That no wight wende that he couthe feyne, So deep in greyn he deyed his colours. Right as a serpent hut him under floures Til he may see his tyme for to byte : Right so this god of loves ypocrite Doth so his sermonys and his observaunce, Under subtil colour and aqueyntaunce, 170

That sowneth unto gentiles.se of love. As in a tombe is al the faire above,

THE SQUYERES TALE. 371

And under is the corps, whiche that ye wet ;

Such was this ipoerite, bothe cold and hot,

And in this wise he served his entente,

That, sauf the feend, noon wiste what he mente.

Til he so long hadde weped and compleyned,

And many a yeer his service to me feyned,

Til that myn hert, to pitous and to nyce,

Al innocent of his croueZ malice, iso

For-fered of his deth, as thoughte me,

Upon his othes and his sewerte,

Graunted him love, on this condicioun,

That evermo myn honour and my renoun

Were saved, both pryvy and apert ;

This is to sayn, that, after his desert,

I yaf him al myn hert and al my thought,

(God woot, and he, that other weyc nought)

And took his hert in chaunge of myn for ay.

But soth is sayd, go sithens many a day, 100

A trew wight and a thcef thenketh nought oon.

And when he saugh the thyng so fer i-goon,

That I haddfe graunted him fully my love,

In such a wyse as I have sayd above,

And yeven him my trewe hert as fre

As he swor that he yaf his herte to me,

Anon this tigre, ful of doublenesse,

Fil on his knees with so gret devoutenesse,

With so high reverence, as by his chere,

So lyk a gentil lover of manerc, 200

So ravysched, as it semede, for joyt,

That never Jason, ne Parys of Troye,

Jason ? certcs, ne noon other man,

Sith Lameth was, that altherfirst byg-nti

To loven two, as writen folk biforn,

372 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

Ne never sith the firste man was born,

Ne couthe man by twenty thousand part

Contrefete the sophemes of his art ;

Ne were worthy to unbokel his galoche,

Ther doublcnes of feynyng schold approche, 210

Ne so couthe thankyn a -wight, as he dide me.

His maner was an hevcn for to see

To eny womman, were sche never so wys ;

So peynteth he and kembeth poynt devys,

As wcl his wordes, as his continaunce.

And I so loved him for his obeisaunce,

And for the trouthe I demed in his herte,

That if so were that eny thing him smerte,

Al were it never so litel, and I it wiste,

Me thought I felte deth at myn hert twistc. 220

And schortly, so ferforth this thing is went,

That my wil was his willes instrument ;

This is to saye, my wille obeied his wille

In alle thing, as fer as resoun fille,

Kepyng the boundes of my worsehip ever ;

Ne never had I thing so leef, ne lever,

As him, God woot, ne never schal nomo.

This laste lenger than a yeer or two,

That I supposed of him nought but good.

But fynally, atte laste thus it stood, 2.30

That fortune wolde that he moste twynne

Out of the place which that I was inne.

Wher mo was wo, it is no questioun ;

I can nat make of it descripcioun.

For 0 thing dar I telle boldely,

I know Avhat is the peyne of deth, therby,

Which harm I felt, for he ne mighte bylevc.

So on a day of me he took his leve,

THE SQU TERES TALE. 373

So sonvful eek, that I wenc?e verrayly,

That he hadde feled als moche harnie as I, 240

Whan that I herd him speke, and saugh his hewe.

But natheles, I thought he was so trace,

And eek that he schulde repeire ayeyn

Withinne a litel while, soth to seyn,

And resoun wold eek that he moste go

For his honour, as oft it happeth so.

Than I made vertu of necessite,

And took it wel, sethens that it moste be.

As I best might, I hid fro him my sorwe,

And took him by the hand, seint Johan to borwe,

And sayde thus: ' Lo, I am yourcs al, 251

Beth such as I have be to you and schal.'

What he answerd, it needeth nat to reherse :

Who can say bet than he, who can do werse ?

Whan he hath al wel sayd, than hath he doon.

Therfor bihoveth him a ful long spoon,

That schal ete with a feend ; thus herd I say.

So atte last he moste forth his way,

And forth he fleeth, til he cam ther him leste.

Whan it cam him to purpos for to restc, 260

I trow he hadde thilke text in mynde,

That aile thing repeyryng to his kyndc

Gladeth himself ; thus seyn men, as I gesse ;

Men loven of kynde newefangilnesse,

As briddes doon, that men in cages feede.

For thcigh thou night and day take of hem heedc,

And straw her cage faire and soft as silk,

And yeve hem sugrc, hony, breed, and mylk,

Yet right anoon as that his dorc is uppe,

He with his feet wil sporne doun his cuppe, 270

* And to the woodc he wole, and wormes etc ;

374 THE CANTERBURY TALES.

So newefangcl ben thei of here mete,

And loven none leveres of propre kinde ;

No gentilesse of blood ne may hem bynde.

So ferde this tercelet, alias the day !

Though he were gentil born, and fressche, and gay,

And goodly for to seen, and humble, and fre,

He saugh upon a tyme a kyte flee,

And sodeinly he loved thys kyte so,

That al his love is clene fro me go ; 280

And hath his trouthe falsed in this wyse.

Thus bathe the kite my love in hire servise,

And I am lorn withoute remedye.'

And with that word this faukon gan to crye,

And swouned eft in Canacees barm.

Gret was the sorwe for the haukes harm,

That Canacee and alle hire wommen maade ;

They nyste how they mighte the fawkon glade.

But Canacee home bereth hire in hire lappe,

And softely in piastres gan hire wrappe, 290

Ther as sche with hir beek hath hurt hir selve.

Now kan not Canace bot herbes delve

Out of the grounde, and maken salves newe

Of herbes preciouses and fyn of hewe,

To helen with the hauk ; fro day to nyght

Sche doth hir besynesse, and al hire myght.

And by hire beddes-heed sche made a muwe,

And covered it with veluettes bluwe,

In signe of trouthe that is in wommen seene ;

And al withoute the muwe is peynted greene, 300

In which were peynted alle these false fowles,

As ben this tydifs, tercelettes, and owles ;

And pyes, on hem for to crye and chyde,

Right for (Zespyte were peynted hem bysyde.

THE SQUYERES TALE. 375

Thus leet I Canacee hire hawk keeping. I wil nomore as nowe speken of hire ryng, Til it come eft to purpos for to seyn, How that this faukon gat hire love ageyn Repentaunt, as the storie telleth us, By mediacioim of Camballus sic

The kinges sone, of which that I yow tolde ; But hennesforth I wol my proces holde To speke of aventures, and of batailles, That yet was never herde so gret mervailles. First wil I telle yow of Kambynskan, That in his tyme many a cite wan ; And after wol I speke of Algarsif, How that he wan Theodora to his wyf. For whan ful ofte in grete peril he was, Ne hadde he ben holpen by the hors of bras. 320 And after wol I speken of Camballo, That faught in listes with the bretheren tuo For Canacee, er that he might hir Wynne, And ther I lefte I wol ageyn bygynne. Apollo whirleth up his char so hye Til that the God Mercurius hous the slye.

END OF VOL. II.

CHISWICK PRESS:— PRINTED BY WHITTINGHAM AND WIIKINS, TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY lAN'E.

CENTRAL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY University of California, San Diego DATE DUE
NOV 1 5 1979
OCT 31 1979

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