581.6909773 P756 POISONOUS PLANTS OF THE MIDWEST _—— The person charging this material is re- Sponsible for its return to the library from which it was withdrawn on or before the Latest Date stamped below, Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. To renew call Telephone Center, 333-8400 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN MAR 0.6 1995 OCT 19 1906 Be ey ILLINOIS LIBRAN AT ee L161—0-1096 = o/eonovs PLANTS we Mpwest an 3 a OAg x‘ wa a) Mole tn the ering s ihegture 23%, e mile wow pice ee + og aeels Out te s iis So betes (QL BowmrZal fef f Gio inte Answes Ley Ceerti: Neher Petar Ferme Seftia Figews font Garces ffl Woerr . . ton. Dees fev Coen tae iteve |e Sievers Sayts Michelle Spe trisrit belts Lort Salbect Jef€ Sicot lrrea faed Jonert sts ! feemise Segoe 2oad Cacti Valco \ -_ : Perry) Sy tir Ts spor Sawtelle - : peg! Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign htto://www.archive.org/details/poisonousplantsoO0Ouniv POISONOUS PLANTS OF THE MIDWEST University of Illinois Department of Landscape Architecture September 1983 This pamphlet was produced by the students in the senior planting design studio, Landscape Architecture 253, in conjunction with a project to design a poisonous plant garden for the College of Veterinary Medicine. The purpose of this pamphlet is to inform people about the effects of the most common poisonous plants to humans and animals found in the Midwest. Editing and GraphicS..ccrcecsessecccccee RESCATCHic « 0.6.6 00:00 0.0.00 0s 60 siare als c)eisce 0 eleyeie IMStLuctOLrs. ceececcsesossseesecsvsesesseee Lois Beardsley Jeff Sloot Lois Beardsley Charlie Fischer Peter Franz Carrie Freund Carol Herrman Jeff Hoerr Stan Jones Jay Kenning Steve Lane Stewart Mizuta Michelle Norman Kristi Seitz Lori Selbach Jeff Sloot Darren Snead Janet Stutz Dennis Swinford Cathy Whitman Natalie Alpert Karen Brainerd soleee o¢3 af efaubote af vd ‘owwbote ew ts ifeere as \t2o orwSoedbresh sqpoeloe! ,ottie melee get ively @epoeiog 6 mibaeh 07 s>0ie7¢ & MPe nla of? .athothet trundseqgo! tc egefic? wt) tl ute afyee wioin! «1 0! taldegeeg at) le shed ©} asiaiq tvonseton Hwinas Seem Hf! Je n _ + Sewell off Al beoul eiestee Ee > eadabseel wtod suis: bat«ccedaceetv@oidcas) Gm # Joo 1%0L : Z y whloabiaat aiod TeELETY PERL ELEYELeLy st eeereesiy vetoelt site = sie ¥Y zeae" eoveTl af yiad ' asatzef Laveb TIe0h iat evnol, nase antans® onl one! eves? eee sineng? =f riot af Lodo ht else Jiatvy _ Hoadlet byt ‘} sreqlh fasak ue aut ma: >) » 9 5 ¥!, €9097?2rapue or conrents TC / Pa, PLANTS FOUND: © DRY OPEN PASTURES OR MEADOWS MOIST OPEN OR SWAMPY PASTURES AND PLANTS OF STREAMS, DITCHES, PONDS, AND SPRINGS WOODED OR OLD WOODLAND PASTURES FENCES OR ROADSIDES OR BARNYARDS ag ee COMMON NAME: PAGE: Bracken FOrt. . cc cccaucesvecccsecsaness J Corn Cockle....c.csssecece Sleisianaleteransieters 1 Cow Cockle nnn ss ccccccctsccns aatekececs ee Cocklebur ....... Sea ik wie 6a. winietels w@Inars 1 HOGWOTE. ..oscccss Ee cia o) santa ceielaieevessfareroreiave 2 Lobelia/Indian Tobacco .......eeeeeees 2 Nettle (Horse) ....cseeeeeeee SHS 2 ROPE wn ccccnecccocecs Bictaneyerclelereters erehevehels 2 Star of Bethlehem .......cceeeeeeeeees 2 Milkweed (Whorled or Horsetail).. 3 Wild Cabbage .....cccsecevcccccvereees 3 White Sweet Clover...... sions Ahhh 5.3 Blue Cardinal/Great Lobelia Flower.... 2 ButtercupS ......sse008 Ke hNRie wean am 4 Cocklebur ..... etatalalfalelalevetefate tole colaiteoleia ele ts 1 Brgot ..... WS Sr aie%ets oie ee 4 HBESEtRLLE TS, ales eset ese kwranewinaes 2 Indian Tobacco .......++ ataikaRenetareteicnens Lice Mayapple ......... sfalvtewre ptaletelataie areveratanae 5 Poison Hemlock ........... Sekarenseereeneas 5 Sneezeweed oo... .ccseecceececs Havavavviots 6 Water Hemlock ..........0+- Bye yeroversesucte eid HEACK LOCUST cicicteisicicinierosievers Saaruns seaniey 2 Buckeye/Horse Chestnut......-+.eeeees 7 Buttercup (Hooked, Swamp, Small-Flower)4 Cherry (Choke, Pin, Wild Black)...... . 8 Climbing Bittersweet ..... aiken eiern’ ieee Dutchmans Breeches/Squirrel Corn...... 8 Dwarf Larkspur ......eeeeeees Pakixaoareee Indian TODSCCO -.ccccecscccedccercnns Se Jack-In-The-Pulpit/Indian “Turnip Be Kentucky Coffee Tree......eeeeeeeeees wie Mayapple ....sssececcccccsccccccccccces 5 Nightshade (Black, Bittersweet) pees 9 Oaks £2s0ee4 Tee eoaes Ro ral cok beens Pokeberry/Pokeweed ......seeeseeeree ..10 White Snakeroot .......-. SG OOGHUODOORT 10 Yew (all species) ....eceeeeeesereceees 11 AGflike Clover ....sceeeceeceeceeeees ge Black LOCUST ...cccrecccccrervevecrees A Black Nightshade ...... dneterasseecs i Bouncing Bet ...seeeseeeceeeccereerees Buffalo BUT .ccc cc ccc ccc ccccccercesses 12 Climbing Bittersweet ........seeeeeeeee 8 GOCKICHOES .icistcwmitionss Sie ei ies 1 Common St. Johnswort.....- bisnsd cavatt uses 13 Corn Cockle...... puted patie’ Baauisies wt Dogbanes ...... Pav at Aen cia's aid cranes 13 Brgot ... 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G0@GNGa a ML. cweeeets eeweynenesss, OOLOOU Mate? 3 e+ eVPeeeae es Oe Se teteuwoeeu ‘bons i ¢@ ma? 3 ‘+6 @eaeeterrurewaeese “BS doo ly rail radavl vahae seers et cdeeeele, MO Fonte aaRuTis! @ Siieeedsineh » tanseed oerell\s neue # ’ - *(Crowolt-liaed . get (fedeot) gersetieg 29 ~~ ° «coves (020018 DL ard ofan ; Tite). ie a! © sh eeeheesrneees sd SEOwUIOI2IE guidntio : : © cceees MOG) Pore dap cedseoerts commiiagyvd 7 © evades bea pentane Songedual awl Sas Mevivd voceenes OB0R0GT dmibet ; covccsQheree? aelbnT\pheto4-odTonl-dca WitrtLrlirruiiit -eOtT @cStod «Rico : DS Vict bbne vores ens udtwsetsse ce RED © ova ease (9eqveEge? hy foatg) ebaue ty Mh _ ; OT, ewPerdsetae’s ‘ 4r@eawee hey ia pee TRUTTUTLTTT rr © beovetA\y. 1 ee M nddeocecesenstontenss SQQUIREOT BROW oa sooo» (eetoege Ife) wey 7 . — 7 ; BS cs vvw ceecabesdbidsiiuece mall ool iA CLA YMMA €D Seige Seas ovectGwesdsceanv ive SQGGl) Bane = oieecdecerehecees> GRRE Beale Coeesceeccredeemecvevess 208 Sabonrmee aF iaban ee veee seeeneee S28 oleTiot ; P oggnnenagteeus +++ SUMMETOAZAT yatawty _ ° : Set eve éees e« eS ae . wa} jAood : uy ' 2 rr re hewn 7 eed ‘ esebve ‘seocdcvers SLSR i) -_ Fj 7) {ee séucreesoubes remake ehanaged 7 _ , eieeceeus C18 tee ee WERaw ae rece ey SURGE TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Two PLANTS FOUND: PLOWBRGARDEN AND ORNAMENTAL COMION NAIE: PAGE : HOM) 2c ccsccrvvcccccccvetdedesccstccece HOTSGEBLUS fac scccceetew recs c+ enpememinr Indian Tobacco ....cccrccccccccsccccvce PAMBONWOO 5G i.eicd 0 0:c 0 wo xe dale Qe cleemereinn JOHNSON ZTASE ....cccccccccccccvccccons Morning GUOPY) oc isiciciciciso victaiatelatelelelers cietcicre Pigweed eeeovoeveveceoeorveveeeeeeeveeeeeeeeeeoees Poison Bem OGK dé cic. cre Gieie e's aoe tere clornusiorers Pokeberry/Pokeweed .........sscceceees WMO gc alae nits civ sic a/alerefeleierare sletsivieleters sa Wild Cherry....... alaiatevetalevonc'e stoletereeuarsvevs (XOUCY WGnenoqucecococods Bleeding Heart..... aloleloleveleteieieleketetetehercyere BUENA BUSH | 6c osc nbo0.0sis couse ciedies Galediwm: foe ceccees Castor Oi] Bean........ccceseees Chrysputhemum ........ccecesccces Dalfods trees ects ec ciate einjateleiers BRglishoHOEhy 6 oc ssc cists sissies culeice ss sieie'- Four-O0-Clock ......cccccceceee eoeee Foxglove Tiare, eke Gin gko eoceesceseereeee eee eoreeeeeeeeses ee Golden Chain LOO ai sbis choesdiars @eeeceereeen e Horsechestnut/Buckeye........ Serres NYGYONGOAY 6 5.o bc cisisosica a weeweisiecs a shave BUS ajerereretsieverevs eie/eseueiewteioveicverstercveisrsvetere Jerusalem Cherry ...........0...-- eels Lantana ......... nraleleleioletchsteteleroneiche lake A Lilly of the Valley ......... LOCOweed Lasse cccccecs ccc. barons te ae Cs Bs OHO MSD On Dds Gone re fc Monkshood/Aeonite... Morning Glory...... A SERS | Mountain, Laurel ooo coiec cisco sisieie bie.e salto Narcissus ..... sees weve © arelousievensi ewes oole Red Ilaple ....... eee es it : Rhododendron ........ 5 RAUDGED 4. 6.656.500 0 0:05 ol alaushe a atshsiai sts Rosary Pea/Precatory Bean.... eeeevees Snow on the Mountain Pes atten co Sour Dock @eeoeveeaee ee @eeoaecuvueeoeve ee eeeees Wild Onion eeceeeeeseeeeereeeoeseoevneeve ‘aa eo iA CRM ah vie en womtieT aathol ei . ov ade at al ek Eloi hk alle serves eed thbiesteoneemeaal s MUMOEALL Prarredgncbenyensreceinae TUTTI TILL TIT LL De cd vabalcalanae. aaeenalhebe (Pe eoeeererretraaeeseo eee beeevs pabeuesdeneue Add Dette dle Ree ttt te dededed aed fe 24 coneveresneseges +1 ti namaererasse Mi Prem Pity ete 15640044 Be 4600 bGAmerme,s © RP ee 2 eee@86e ere cules arwane eee ; — awit ease i eeeeee vow ret ose rages —~ = om, Perel esr eae e ert ev eeme 1 Fee bee wu the la) a ree + €e-b'§ 40499 6246008 O08 588 peewee eerererreso eres éavehsebesetainéebatabesian Cte oP Pe LIP PL) Lemniaslentg 1 erie Peet eee eee aolt Severs Gereerter eter"? SO e9e8 rrerty t Peete te wel gng4d Leb ere Se Wek: o 4s Vp Saeewehes's os tina ig rman haleess ae ee ' ee Peeveseorerve secre che ew ener er tae teew ee eo ewan eee SEPT HOT TTT HRN OO META Ee Ota s Tt Oe-8 elst Walenta ssvees (senvan ‘ried Peseta ewer i cee eed e es eee i a pesePeerrteracees yellat ; bd Wea doe ws ecevsener 2eseeners * Q¢ee@rveee® ete whee ees he SE PEGG e Te uve eee ee eee a? { a ae . Pewvarae Ce ee ard eee bey Veheew eee eres e ee ene en ae een” ‘Lee See eee ee ee 1 eeew en Pe eR eee ee Geer de specetahes pa ntne qe eaee Pope free fet te cet ee ore et ewe Ore tae CCC e POC eet ON OBOE CF O41 Ow ee F Reg AEE TEES LEO OWE TESST eR eS a ey edededdeceiwee enkenibanen GME ' be daceade sous ees « che Onn Veneer abgosath DRY OPEN PASTURES OR NEADOWS BRACKEN FERN / Pteridium A perennial growing tHo4" tall. eis found in upland pastures, abandoned fields, and open woodlands. All parts, particularly the rhizome, are poisonous. Thiaminase and other poisonous constituents are found in this plant. Poisoning frequently occurs, in horses and cattle from the growing plant or when it has been harvested green. Symptoms are a vitamin B deficiency and over time damage to the bone marrow. CORY COCKLE / Agostemma githago An erect, silky stemmed annual herb frowing to 3 feet tall which vroduces a large seed can- sule, this plant is found in disturbed soils such as grain fields. The toxins githagin and saponin are found in all narts of the plant, but are highly concentrated in the seeds. While smaller amounts may produce colic, inability to stand, and ranid breathing, animals may die from eating 1/4 - 1 pound of ground cockle seed per 100 lbs. of body weight. Chickens and hogs are affected nost frequently from eating ground cockle seed which is méxed in with feed prain. COY COCKLE / Sanonaria vaccaria An annual herb srowing 1-2 feet tall and producing a cansule containing numerous large, black, rounded seeds, this plant prefers loose soils o£ cultivated fields and waste areas. All narts, but esnecially the seeds, contain the ’ toxin saponin, which can easily be ingested with grain by livestock. COCKLEBUR / Xanthium An annual, 1'-3' high, found in sandy bottomland pastures, cornfields, and barn lots. The young plant and seeds are poisonous containing the toxic glucoside, xanthostrumarin. Cocklebur can be fatal to cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, and chickens. - qwooams fC) 2 i . ] ' a 4 n mlb sree - f RA at dow fest eriworg 1 - > : Let) betty stag bealqued , ‘oq , or ‘eta be iw iti Anypoel ff) Pe vtioq Ww « - fl bait exn. 8003 loupe ayo velo » STMQ90. YI Fi ee pers nntttoe Let 7 i frate aniwoty dp poe? elias hea eal YT 4 \GWteetsal toed vad, tA Yosnelzitebr il nimagje 6 of OTT ood ods 09 spades oS — n i A i. Jig aommsecge | & | oniwety (ve! leone begmese Alea 2 bane opr eusubey Badan tiet j q , eiiag b rage by atin i i) Jha ae i) a inatais eaived anil bios ate MAP Ly tied ttedg ol he carer tte o2 bed q ia \ | ‘ ; d wt 419 OY bede2dneoned tle Wy ( of Yaifivea! silos soubor yom erate ot wee® ath Ym aioe .entitgaerd hice MW iid Oe ohio bre a to baued J = U/ . . not bre eppdol — .styhew died a 4 baweng, 1tizes- ee? tive aupert 320 bowl y tiers oot wigtw ot faxda et Aokdw E <>, . | ; * re g i, _ . i q % 4 Jr brs bin? zoel {-I natworn dim 4 ire, (OqTM. Puetsaut yr srarnes oliranns ia ON eecc! erolotq tngia elAy .ebaex bobn ox ' : pan hie ehie?? bosavigiua a aa ees ; . a f/ CY mates theme omy yllaloncea Jue Y F Agé™ boteopak wd Yliaee feo doltv .aleoee q ; “es Raotege 4 4 f {o.. 4 . _ 7 a aly y J See b-~ 7 lhl nad nt cS im : 3 " yoRhe ah pine Gs a tigtd aniy asi a, —< nad Gwe ,eblesterros eomaseng 8 | aoF J ah wi shear bee Stat ? -Stneey a ua a3e w) bimngty sired eft af niertto AvoAne, ‘ ay ot 5 r . - = on = _ } a" Y “ . Wao » a wll a . er j nf named gnilb: Bre vero ened «aha ye . ’ - a1 ik —~s - HOGVORT / Croton capitatus An annual growing 1-4 feet tall and occurring on dry soil in the eastern U.S., this nlant contains croton oil. It is said that ten drops of this oil can kill a dog, and cattle are sometimes poisoned by hay contaminated by this plant. However, most animals will leave horwort alone, as its taste is disagreeable and external contact causes blistering and irritation. LOBELIA or BLUE CARDINAL FLOWER/Lobelia inflata or INDIAN TOBACCO An annual or perennial found in meadows, pastures, and cultivated fields. The leaves, stems and fruits contain the alkaloids, lobeline and lobelidine. Animals have been poisoned by feeding on the herbage. Symptoms are nausea, vomiting, exhaustion, dilation of pupils, coma, convulsions, and death. NETTLE (HORSE or BULL) / Solanum carolinense A perennial that grows 1'-4' tall. It is found in sandy fields and waste ground. The roots and fruit contain a poison known as solanin. It causes gastro-intestinal disturbances and could be fatal. WILD CABBAGE and RAPE / Brassica oleracea B. napus A biennial growing to 2'. It grows on waste ground, but mainly cultivated as a fodder crop. Possibly all parts are poisonous containing glycosides. Symptons are digestive upset, respira- tory disorder, nervous system disorder, and urinary disorder. Poisoning occurs more commonly in wet seasons and after early frost. STAR OF BETHLEHEM A perennial from a bulb growing to 1" tall. It is cultivated occasionally and is also found in waste places, along roadsides and lawns. Various alkaloids are found in the bulb and above-ground parts. They cause nausea and intestinal disorders to animals. ae 7 | i i eal . Ww" , : ao a a awteat ae 9 mo yatrius99 J w fiadteod b=t gatwery Ea Foy nt ans! hilt « Bi aNDTe aan oi iggy “ged gadt bine ah af |) eometemax o7a 61 43ep be (gob alate aide yd bal alenincs Yar 4 ,etole Ito mon ees fav afenine oe rondney Latret. ce oldnooryunth @ / aod matey rt: sie sehaed me) ty ali dil TU WOKEy da ina ‘. a ay A ar ™ : Y tvobaoe a! Binet totunerie tell ,eoveo! aff .abfeli hetivinlaa : - gtbtpsadin ent nbennoer ele ; oven elealnd .oftht lade) Bim “7 — ctyadeet ot Hh gabon? ie Ba see 4 \ a . aglt +9 pte igrtzdmoy oe . . Qe ,cooielovim ee .eligeg ij | ( i bs r — i . . a a1\. a A : QQ) rT denaniiorsy mivtieto® \ (LRG 4 oe fh fi ; ; - . “fy : : -_ 4 ; ‘(abel .Died Aet! t0 3 Jans als Se (m= —~, Dae | brperg often bre “abt it. ¢baaed ‘ eae Oat niont poriog o, nisines thre} Gee “ > : tankvaodnl-orteas extvan af’ | yt : —" —_ Hs, Wave . a ADC. ry ~~ «a hate 3 es BY, Kee AS tL I iz OF] : i . . 1 SL — psottelo ssleeeyt. \ BIAt ban a pe * Buoy | = wat . _. 7 F ; . q . fe awere 1 '§ a gitiwory (ase s hotevisivoe vintaw tod . ben Wie #77aq 1 etdie #4 i .. ibheno ls yt tatesins ‘ me, & Vg fan s3ee Va evissegit sae! 7 a ; az ‘th meIeve six re. Pe ls emwse gain 2h08 vtobreeth (Rel tofte bee enoteon te +. «| ecm int. : ae a2 Ur oe a ' ' \ Vi re) \ ' ' 7 4 ae Wes! j ofts "f OF gdiwory uns ‘a Ay \ \] f q on tw BE bya hoe 11 FOI Smee ir’ AN bia aablebuor yeahs ebony sFeKy WR \\ i elt ab biol and th be id : + AY ow ' HY Seung yorr a140q breve’ 5 y' nd; 7 \\ y saitein 0s srobreaih cote 1a * HOPSE TAIL MILKVEED / Asclepias verticillata A perennial growing 1-2 feet tall found throughout the U.S. in meadows, nastures and waste places. The juice of the vlant is milky and contains a resinous substance causing loss of muscular control, staggering, violent spasms, labored respiration and paralysis and death. Although distasteful to animals, sheep forced to forage on milkweed may die after consuming only 2-3 ounces of green vegetation. SWEET WHITE CLOVER / Melilotus alba A member of the bean family, this plant has been widely introduced into the U.S. and Canada and in the Northwest is extensively grown for pasture hay and nitrogen replenishment. Poisoning may occur when cattle are fed an exclusive ration of sweet clover hay, but not when fed alternately with timothy or prairie hay. Not all sweet clover is poisonous, and farmers nave tested their clover on rabbits before feeding it to cattle. 5 ok dsotitatsrev sabgsts ai tomes ilas sla bee eer ‘lth as pated ort teal yoleuss ediarmitte nadia augot) tet \ now? abt Jnolg eid? ,¢fhosd oaed at bor ebans) baa .2.0 exfd ofnk'b wittag so% gvorg. hevbanataxe 2) ¥8 Xan pitnoetos .Jomevleinaluer aegord | to nokvay e¥jantoxe @ te) exe aS 2 ¥lotentezla be? Gete-ton wen vem leon fe son. ae hetee? wart ct aert bem 33 anion ovdied extdden no o& MOIST OPEN OR SWAMPY PASTURES AND PLANTS OF STREAMS, DITCHES, PONDS, AND SPRINGS LOBELIA or BLUE CARDINAL FLOWER/Lobelia inflata or INDIAN TOBACCO e@eeeeteoeeerteeeeveeereeeeeeeee PAGE: 2 BUTTERCUP (TALL CROWFOOT, / Ranunculus acris SMALL-FLOWERED, BULBOUS R. abortivus CREEPING, SWAMP and R. bulbosus HOOKED) R. repens The Ranunculus species is either a perennial or annual growing 1'-3' and found in pastures, meadows, and open wood- lands, Creeping Buttercup in common in low wet pastures. Buttercups contain an acrid volatile constituent, anemenol, which is strong enough to produce an irritation if it comes into contact with the skin. Often the leaves are eaten by cattle which experience severe inflammation of the intestinal tract and blistering in the mouth. COCKLEBUR / Xanthium eceoeoeaer zr ee ec eer ewe ese eee eo ee PAGE: 1 ERGOT / Claviceps purpurea A fungus that lives as a parasite of grasses, this plant appears commonly on rye but also on wheat, oats, blue grass, quakgrass, meadow fescue and smooth brome when the grass flower head matures. Ergot contains several alkaloids, including ergotoxin, which when foraged in large quantities at one time can cause trembling, incoordination, convulsions, painful muscle con- tractions and in fatal cases the animal may becomé delirious. The poison is also cumulative, with continued feeding of smaller amounts causing the animal to become depressed and to develop gangrene of tail, feet, ears and teats. eve rin) wi oto 144 ’ ea t HDA a reereer rite: oben wow a euvisy eu bod fart ; Ut oe m) ne todzis 2h watson tye ‘fel! gniwery fever goa howe fen boa )ekolaes, , eve ~ @ol #) oom nd quotes oad, | bbesd up ah sKO-equoTed jue si foldw olongiens , teousltage eT ani sdabted a cube of m720 elt Wit diy sastnes aaa dolte eb9de9 ww noles » ot) 1 wolthode Mu sf) ai nodveretid bra > { ,3pa4 Pererinry, s ores a ,enecerg So ot lencag & ta tevil 39 ap otla@ gud «9 fo Yinomeco exhegqm Fi monet wobne seerglauy ,eeara auld baad tevol® teerg of? wortw enosd tf hioletia Igseves anistitor sot ware of hogerot medy dotdw ,atxose «phtidewrt #aues dzo ent? oto t. ley Pah snail bgety ; Nene vivod. elt eet: same ore 8 e568. expen ‘eth al bowl ore weet |. OK 3) sf? al Uleiam ab197% blo bun abed yrz0f) 4500 DIMM oA qwrers Mis olde tqeba’ ois vt oir ho y abunmed rh 19 beoXe Mehad’ ni @ ‘Ted RoW org, ‘qvane 1c. and : ae 2 a ‘OEE 0) twory ured ero 6 Er : Ni Ree Woe dont paola hn 1 Mobad al isaull is 1X Rea ving TTA ,2.0 operend bow Cone | ae re oe Hormet ,y09)9A. dyiw ecole weep [ ) a | pn runurt'l of2) foomlA tosgta lad *, \ dobdw sebraane! ig 2 Jonsgoangay a io elontyd, AT. sbine olerutg oral 4 ot =i an $ouin)d Fang Henan Aoidu abwoe ate PeuTdelh Vrot ssliqgne Om ot | - 7 4 a ‘wii aN ; : i atiehnete eivitea he) (TSM Ie at . KWOT RINT grote Hommes only grini o> . i wie @oviel btn etieed wil 2968 ca 9¥Ol edetoH J ghevenve nicsnop @PM a . eared 46s gnilioe wh hen jie ant a ont 21h ed sirotiu? i xTAento \ zap gas at bmsot nowolthgiw lafneateq 93 out .gninge yfyee of aoregeeg & 912789 G2 ehnioL foq ote adiud i ayH qnade bes be non boy viewer oe Wy . aeniq 21A9 ni gbtolastts ofl .bods + Ad : — ‘ba enoletevao> nr lide 7 a oo atta dts J vd cheek \ ot p | wrosata J i a i MEL wa + ee La linen aq a, el qwqatrad mhoula pbonoqna 70neqo mi b 07 4 iow boxavtzlas a et 1 qetred foul bee ebpee. ont .t1s3 Sam dogs a stblolatte gaintascos euanee (ite wuqeives yd hence leq #% Sri ley Mery tO vain te tueD A yuqe Fiel. '» ‘tedte ne nett? ol _ 9 do 2e0!l & St ‘emosaer — «ting antroggade b LOBELIA or BLUE CARDINAL FLOWER/Lobelia inflata or INDIAN TOBACCO e@eovrvevoeverveerere ee eeeeer eee PAGE: 2 JACK IN THE PULPIT or / Arisaema triphyllum INDIAN TURNIP A perennial growing to about 12" in woodlands. Calcium oxalate is probably the toxic agent, but as yet unproven. All plant parts are poisonous, but symptoms usually follow chewing of the leaves, and sometimes corms. Symptoms are sharp pain, numbness and irritation of the mucous membranes. KENTUCKY COFFEE TREE / Gymnocladus dioica. A large tree growing 60'-75' in height. The fruit and leaves contain an alkaloid, which is poisonous to animals. The symptoms in humans are narcotic. Animals will eat seeds and pods in winter and sprouts in spring. The experience abdominal pain, diarrhea, and straining. MAYAPPLE / Podophyllum peltatum L. eeeeoeepeev eevee eeeeeneee eeeveveveaee PAGE: 5 NIGHTSHADE (BLACK, BITTER)/Solanum americanum S; dulcamara Annual herbs, mostly less than 2' tall. Black Nightshade is found in barnyards and waste ground. Bitter Nightshade is common in yards, thickets, and marshes. All parts are poisonous, containing a glyco-alkaloid (Solanin) causing gastro enteritis and haemolysis of the red cells. People experience loss of sensation while animals experience progressive apathy leading to unconsciousness. Nightshade can be found in hay or grain. | an - | z ff sbottdh awn VRIORAD we y ‘ ne Ca - | | fA tna i ‘ Thies re i” n | ye ; | wh “Se an or yale os wintery a) ea Lake ey ' 7 ita Pr rbadiryd wa 0A . ‘emo * tv tallyteee | ong’, i oe Ye Savon wor ‘hed awed, ere : were ott id Nalee? + 43.00 Rule vada \ say "dgled Ww Tie *) salivary btotadte ne Minton envavl i" eat ot iantoe e+ suonoalp afewlaA Jobson eso 8s mgd bie vorniw mt ebeq Nee | hee ont Oe ee bie sai he sclkaarionmath | a THAg.: ouneae ye eee + Mn ‘ieieesthoe cuales crr eet | a | bbs. if. peer aot vi gto ak eipoynced Ak. beyet af nodmog ah ohadanig it. 071 ab erxeq {4 .eedatem boa .etade | btoladla~couly 6 gniningne , + | bee tisivetne opzeeg gy une eigugt .alleo ber and Ye atomton stidy olzsenng to- sdk .. a9 Hoa _ brutd od fas obs af — 10 OAK / Quercus A large tree found in most parts of the U.S., common in a broadleaf forest. Oak sprouts and leaves are eaten following winter or short rations. Symptoms include, loss of appetite, trembling of muscles, diarrhea, milk flow may stop in cows, and death may occur. POKEWEED or / Phytolacca americana L. or POKEBERRY / Phytolacca decandra L. A tall perennial herb growing 3'-9' high. It is common in recent clearings and open places in woods and along borders of woods especially in the Eastern part of the U.S. Sometimes it occurs in pastures. All parts are poisonous, especially the roots and fruit. This plant contains small amounts of the alkaloid, phytolaccine, and a substance similar to saponin. The animal's nerves and muscles are affected and death can occur. People are also affected by the toxins in this plant. WHITE SNAKEROOT / Eupatorium rugosum A perennial that grows 1'-3' tall. It is found in woodlands, pastures and wasteland. This plant needs shade. The leaves and stems contain a poison, tremotol, which causes the disease known as "trembles" in cattle and horses. Tremotol can be trans- mitted through milk to other animals and humans. The disease in humans is called "milk sickness." Symptoms in animals are trembling muscles, especially in the nose and legs. Eventually they are unable to Stand. hee ty ry . — ahoow Yo exsined grote brs _ 4 ; pe sD a rh sa soe ny .29leeum dupa’ 2 “vn hee ine oe Lead watt, ind Fp woe th tei viaetieie Seat 4" J «rhea ae Forty § gh O.'8 gn thareg ded | nego bee sqeizeets die & UU edt Yo tang ereaeed ety ILA. .aerep€ed at wrecae | etoonedy ‘Utlaloogae |, meee ” iieer enletmog zoaty ciae bus ,minvatarety ~btotedlo ony \.nimogee 62 netfee batootlh os eotoeun bn © Otte ote ehqoet tree sinele etd? al ‘sntxo? 7 muz0iger suinossqas ' ai of Tes eet ion jad? tal bnateseav boa peeuyecq , ebiethoow | bite noveol off (obtde absent 3 (ioidy ,lodomer? ,noelog s cing ni 'Peotduore 20 pwond ozapelb af Orne? od nap FovouesT ,enenott 2 . eb efemion sedte a2 AL ia. | belles et demu nf sanselb elt” orm alsutiq ni anosqmrye . "erent . pl oir pt ylletveqes sels @ OF sidamw wri “od? Ultottwovd ~ inst ll YEW (ALL SPECIES) / Taxus canadensis (American) We cuspidata (Japanese) ite baccata (English) Evergreen shrubs growing from 3' to 50’. They are commonly used as ornamental landscape plants, but are also found in wooded lots, and open pastures. The wood, bark, leaves, and seeds contain the alkaloid toxin, taxine. Taxine is a heart depressant. Symptoms are vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, slowing of the heart which ultimately stops. Death is sudden and survival after poisoning is uncommon. Animals may eat yew when there is little other vegetation available (winter). Laasite elpuohenas wed \ (ar se etehiqui | (fe ltgeS) ateopad > : -yvacd a ab onbtad nihees hilt lnow ora weOTgEE pect wis to geiwole anndels tebhan 22 dye) 9aqode 12 FENCES OR ROADSIDES OR BARNYARDS ASLIIKE CLOVER / Trifolium hybridum A perennial growing 2'-3' tall. It is found in woodlands, pastures, and timber areas. All parts are possibly poisonous containing the toxin cyanogenetic glycoside, which is prussic acid. In animals, sudden death may occur after rapid breathing and short-lived spasms. BLACK LOCUST / Robinia Pseudo-Acacia S08 @ 8.0 @ © eee ee «€§ @ © 8 eee AGE: 7 NIGHTSHADE (BLACK, BITTER)/Solanum americanum SF dulcamara @eeeeeveere evr eee eeerer ewe ee Gee PAGE: 9 BOUNCING BET / Saponaria officinalis A perennial herb growing from 1 to 3 feet tall which produces pink to white flowers from July to Sept. Found in waste areas, ditch banks and Sandy soil conditions. All parts, but esnecially the seeds, contain Saponin, which when ingested by livestock can produce dizziness, nausea, vomiting, rapid pulse and diarrhea. BUFFALO BUR / Solanum rostratum An annual growing to 3 feet with spipy leaves, stems, and berries, this plant grows in loose soils of overgrazed pastures, waste areas and roadsides. The toxic principle is Solanine, which yields several alkaloids that can produce nausea, vomitinc, anorexia, abdominal pain, apathy, dry mouth, labored breathing, trembling, prostration and unconsciousness. Death results from respiratory paralysis. Poisoning is generally attributed to consumption of unripen berries and foliage, as the mature plant is virtually harmless. BITTERSWEET (CLIMBING) / Celastrus scandens ssc eer eeeesaeeeee meeaee ee @ PAGE: 8 COCKLEBUR / Xanthium eooeoeer eee ec eeee ese esseeen es PAGE: 1 : yt ‘ona édaad Ao oi \aeere ste mh & [ a 7 ry : ne } - 2. 4 if, 7 - > enna ne enone ¥ . aR ae | | entire ou! i ee +t tie fins ‘“. ial dat 3 bre Colney bbe 2 eis ring “LGtieig Oth ‘oven th shinowdly olsat Vie ahead ott ph ' Apbhe ~aiaelte At oh iod Sena het, gabesood biqee wedty tury L Aaa —— af e1sepAveient “eben X 2 t wn ‘ver ee the ee Hae nth ox eur cute CRATING OME, yy uTs ats a 8) re f my uM Sh RAY ae ss, ae “ebtnaiatito altn me 7 “tae yoo? & 03 I mor gatvery dred.’ (tel. nai hb \ ae % i # ii law 507 i” i q i 4 y J P| , Nj m [kod H “4 a Va a y “2 y An 7 i f f a oo ae Lai epsetet *Q ous beopat \. 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ALOHA 2 a si v0 ALS ~ ers of ONT 7 | Ar. i 14 JIMSONWEED or THORN-APPLE/Datura stramonium An annual growing to 3' in height. It is found in cultivated fields and waste places. The leaves, unripe capsules and especially the seeds are poisonous containing alkaloids not destroyed by drying or storage. Children are attracted to the capsules, which are fatal. Animals usually avoid this plant because of its strong odor and unpleasant taste, but con- sume it when mixed with hay and are poisoned. Symptoms are nausea, thirst, nervous confusion, loss of sight, voluntary motion and sometimes convulsions, mania, and death. SUDAN GRASS /Sorghum vulgare var. sudanense piper JOHNSON GRASS/Sorghum nalepense L. pers. Sudan grass is an annual, while Johnson grass is a perennial. Both will get 3'-6! tall and are grown as a fodder crop. Hogs are not affected, but sheep and cattle are poisoned when they graze on drought-stricken, Stunted, or frosted plants. Second growth sorghum is very dangerous. The toxin involved is prussic or hydrocyanic acid, which appears to be rendered innoxious by drying. So, it should remain in the silo at least 6 weeks before being fed. Symptoms include difficult breathing, slow pulse, drowsiness, dilation of the pupils, running at the eyes, later convulsions, unconsciousness and death. MORNING GLORY / Convolvulus arrensis L. A creeping perennial that is widespread. Poisoning occurs in swine who were feeding on roots and rootstocks. It seems to be only slightly poisonous. PIGWEED / Amaranthus hybridus An erect annual herb growing to 7 feet tall and found in cultivated fields and roadsides. 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T oF abbey Spin ; edt, woh taba hi ebl bib beter es ean ogio ced hae Yo so000 biqet « al of pi me i Aad ea ® bes = be ta) 15 POISON HEMLOCK / Conium maculatum eoeree ee eeeeeereerseeeeeevee @ PAGE: 5 POKEWEED or / Phytolacca americana L. or POKEBERRY / Phytolacca decandra | ee a ot eee eoeeee . are . ee eee PAGE: 10 IRISH POTATO / Solanum tuberosum Agcultivated plant in temperate regions rising from a tuber and growing 2-3 feet tall. The leaves and sprouted notatoes contain solanine which can cause anorexia, nausea, vomiting, trembling, and even death from respiratory paralysis. SUDAN GRASS /Sorghum vulgare var. sudanense piper JOHNSON GRASS/Sorghum nalepense L. pers. sk eeeevereeeeeeeesveeeeveeeeee 8 @ @ PAGE: CHERRY: PIN /Prunus pennsylvanica WILD BLACK /P. serotina CHOKE CHERRY/P. virginiana of ee Peewee eee PAGE: 8 ia wee see 2 aioe 1 eaten i Hy hag i hol j a) wl [ ‘ 7 < ere 7 4 ; a Cr ns i ! 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Yo aivag OF) evetpll eltdaosa bee oni ti@eon omc ,caghet no tl 30 a) bee yalugerts -.@tondaew taluce os esqmotzs ,gntdaiod ent roughed i -eiiquq besatiD bow Ylomeup + vovorr®T vi kore — - 1 eleaeyre wnluy town? , ma -baorqactiea ) ett taltinarey @ garheo? oe a ative a) Poe” od of amuss.3f .2aodielooy bam -tupaee ion ine > 7 Laban dal, alates \. ‘ . *8-"2 gniwory Pe Perret bits ebeatboow ebiellid ff 2.0 wteveot mi el talsoqed -biM ods WE faseeenito a0 ee bee efit at beuci bavoqeng suqnoats 1 oat boat olf eztaoel We t eioa el yo eworg lord) NERTR Yo 29263 Sion win ret7 Geode GF, hia aomvod .o(tieo ful =. egnle neo yrtinoeto® etAlsqeoene Gale oy ; edad oda qa ot i i hs wma Herah aor ae, 10v0 bin Aowne> edlutt’ rr ine riseline 8 oixos 770 tai aera a 9 Seg 21 PAWPAW / Asimina triloba A small tree or large shrub growing in the eastern U.S. on rich soil along stream banks. Although the fruit is edible, susceptible persons have develoned a dermatitus from handling them. RED MAPLE / Acer rubrum A large tree found throughout eastern North America, this maple prefers very moist soils. Two cases of death in cattle and horses have been reported, but further details are lacking. RHODODENDRON, AZALEA / Rhododendron spn. Shrubs of the heath family, these nlants prefer deep acid soils, esnecially in the Pacific Northwest and eastern U.S. The toxic princinle appears to be andromedotoxin. Although seldom eaten by animals, poisoning has been reported in sheep, causing weakness, nausea, salivation and vomiting. RHUBARB / Rheum rhaponticum A perennial that grows to 4'. It isa cultivated plant grown for its tasty stems. The leaves are poisonous, however. They contain soluble oxalates. Livestock, particularly sheep, are affected when they eat large quantities. Then, staggering, prostration, coma, and death can result. ROSARY PEA / Abrus precatorius A twining woody stem growing to 9'. It is widespread in the tropics, and has been introduced to Florida where it is grown for the seeds which are used for rosaries. Abrin is a toxin that is concentrated in the seed. One seed when chewed will kill a person. Two to four oz's will kill a horse. bea ap Seva} andes aks 1? etoed mowed? yaola Lor dots . an ‘ eldidcoseum ,oLktbe ei shar? 3 mee er » berofavel evs w 7s dh » af err dard dzrov rogers 2vorguerd? Bays? . .tfice Selon yoy etederq ofene azed evac ecetornd baw sliten AE Aensh wildoal et tlisieb sedrnA , ' .o¢a norbashobod) \ AMJASA “y@ters alnale oeadg lle treed oftice? odd ab \ilelsorts. eis sfolontxs oixos saT 2.0 oseceee Gee mohior dguolyiA .abxoszohotesbes, ak herxeqoy meod and gaindslog ,t bee sotiavilet ,noeued ,ezenieoe “quod raged’ = 7) @ ei 31 bh oF evry 206A. _ stmoge yrter est nol nmworg Jnalq yeAT .vovewod ,2@G0cRLOg Sta ,Woorzevhl .eesalaro Pe yond nity bovueTin vote , gattoggaza jronl .avieie nieup fore neg dtaol Mies RSF ‘Wied eubyveisown 2 A! viz]. 4 OF galvoeg foie YE f Wind: eel bow ,eokgotd ary ue 109 aworg o€ 30 otory china oF .eotqucor To? borw one dokdw at wk besextnoadon 21 Jac* mixas sa o (/28 Yilw bowers medw beer on0” served @ ftld ifle ¢'do yd oF ¢ 22 SNOW ON THE MOUNTAIN / Euphorbia marginata A native weed in the Mid-West south to Texas and introduced in the East as an ornamental. It is also commonly used as an ornamental in the Mid-West. It will grow in grasslands, pastures and roadsides. The plant contains a milky acrid juice which contains euphorbon. People experience dermatitis, if there is contact with the milky sap. Animals feed on the weed which can be included in the hay, dried. If they feed on it long enough, they will die. SOUR DOCK or COMMON SORREL / Rumex acctosa A perennial growing to 2'. It occurs in meadows and pastures, particularly with acid soil and is found world wide. The leaves are poisonous, which contain soluble oxalates. Livestock and sheep are affected by this poison when their diet is low in calciun. The symptons are abdominal pain, delirium, convulsions and death from asphyxia. WILD ONION / Allium canadense A native of rich woodlands and pastures of the eastern U.S. Consumption or even inhalation of the volatile substances from the fresh tops causes a garlic odor and flavor in milk of dairy cattle. WISTERIA / isteria floribunda A stout vine climbing by twining stems and growing to 30 feet. Prefers deen, moist, well drained soil and full sun. Toxic parts include seeds and pods which can cause Stomach and intestinal dissurbances, vomiting and diarrhea. wan itinn aT roel \ MTA ANC sonst oF, Amuse) /est-bit ods nl eheeratro ne ae heme oy) ch bet if Lotvomenr¢ np ja bow! Ne gate gebral energy ohh iftiw a1 entsinus tealq @aT caubiahapy dniatne: doliv oo tit (eistifamed odnetiegne ofqovt © “que “Wile ods dtiw 9962803 3 od nao solide beow of2 bes}. ved? 71 /Seith ven stra oth diiw VeeF »Ague Paengp exojoon von | Jganod WO eyu720 af.) oF gaivorg Waishpliwg ,2rrieag ¢ bivow bio «2 ins Asli ,romingsog. era 2OV8: Anoteevil §.cohelaks 66 noeinn) eife ve hezzede wubo tine AL woh 20 oie ole, tueieiids o18 mox? Aveob bwa ecolelovios ~ senohansy mokT. ‘add Yo exmuyere bow ehaalboow Aokp Yo aotzaiadal news Yo wots coos dest? al? more resneyedut 6 Alte Ab vovel? joo tote oh e olwadivel? ated r bre emete_gainiws vedee ceweee seed ban 1208 %en seNweene .) eS WREETTL ITLL: +» (rete ieasericaaaes oraae ss orpvanshen Fadi oebed shiteencad — - a O re ROtientetmeeke ve. io~ COMMON NAME INDEX Page Two Page No. Hydrangea Bate EPPS ROA r ep cisp Sopris sins mani ee's ocmww da scleteacieond died Geax 18 Indian Turnip/Jack in the Pulpit.............. aineiairgla atin te aiets aiainipiaiain’ atanie 9 MER tain SI nin(diniese 5 e/ainjea eeicsc Bais eleiginiploris inielainus Batelisiain Sinpintelenieiaieveeie wis ¢iaiiae ARG Jack in the Pulpit/Indian TUERLD occ ce ces SAICITISA NCS air tain's einlsls alate satateiaiare 9 Jerusalem Cherry ESS Ps ee eset eet weaemanes be swe paseGeebetabaesreresinea a0 Jimsonweed PMMEEAe SSCS DSSS SSR CROC Cave ade s acne saaton scenes se cc ccceconccn HA Johnsongrass FO OO OIIICO OIC IOC ICC Tria yea fai ar ae a coveee 14 Kentucky Coffee Tree Wola la'Sin wisia in iaio aiaswiaia\s e/ sie aiounis amie ana cateirenic eon 0s 0p wd w.arale 6 'n:SaeS.d a8 Od Ras ocak ek Sap ain sine vevarleinyess carer Aigo. a) MMPI 3lo's'0'2 80'S 6 6'c'n's is'a.e aaisis'ginaina dems eee ed vieeddcdieede ced coeee cx coos 18 MMEMEETIOANOTL OY 5 vans a's cavnce ade e ceecaccc se we@sice cauamecineneenscee lO PMG RTOINAD 5 oe sic oe cidceancaseaceusceccadecces ater Gece 2 PUEMMEMAMIseiainn esac scccceces Sie 8(Wia\eie'e ei6/ejeiu 6 e/ola-a7ale evaialeere Saisie Qreiniele con Bopp | He) Luping a 9082 290s 40/010 0.010: esieisivials vis isisieis ss bisiewicsiauiole sewls oedwasiecacde, 20 NREL IN oii ia'a ia o's cise wie wlais. aciee oie dw bea’ oes ain ovale ierevareloreiereveraicrainie ainie eee SUNMUEMIE a cial aie kis 6isie ais 6-86 6-00 60 Sietaierete areresetercYorcvereerevers ae rersieysrahetatorciereraiote ABDI 5 idilkweed (Whorled or Horsetail) ........... elaleteieravere Geile) stale eveveleie ola e/ets Aas 3 Monkshood/Aconite maiain lel s\ele/e/='0ieles,o\ wielmiela\a'e. oiniefeieleaeis\atere.¢ ciclo eevee lac gfe ciclae 20 IEMEERISRRILN To eins a. 0 0:0. c/ns0.6.6 016 64 #10 606.06 ore sfalisraielererste lore iercisvere SOOCUHOODS ceeDo: Al) fountain Laurel ....... stavelajerarevs wrallale\ ae vie\eicle Savoie faiele/ efei siiayateleleleieiie elev eevarctece 20 SUEREEPUNIEN Uisicicls ce .e\ee 1ss6da sive SOODGOGO SDODUADDOOUCOGOOOE SO IRIOOOTOCRD OO 20 Oak eoeereeeeeeoeece eee ereeeeces erreereseeoen @eeeeseveecsee ereeeteoeseosreraee e@eeee 10 MER nh05 oases diss ola She ca bo Bornes 14 Pokeberry --....... ipharejeiatn’e:oravelaininrs sia\a\al elelelo/ele e evaleln ei cinre ciaevetatare ails evehulalayetetetete 10 TAA A mr avaleietontVete (ave. Siave Sores wae iatnie. weievecs caus eeA eee 15 0 os SSS eielsietarslanisaleriniers cea het cena een ce aetiee 2 Rhododendron ...........-. GBOOHOCOCODODEDOE SDOGOODOOKOOOOOGE elevetebevere pOGodOGG | call Rhubarb 2 00.900 COOTIOIODGOMODODOOOORO OC OUGn Der sfaisielars eeleisisie Sie efereleielele 24 oH eget el en "eS 1 sala ay ea bit } 7 ns ‘ ~~ andeveeeevees acaba les van Dalia Feies Mees a ease ew m=? Si hic teh accueil UCReee > ceteehadeees Pkg orld ab a ny sennandans ¥esbs5ee5p aD hed GAM MNs se Shs AhaRODL owe iyt { \ Aw iar y elt Leen cana bent erede nah eabbanes se. ehenme : * wn ; : 1 “<2 a ee nee of ciynbnas bansenal shdudpe tote ses TeNveRNektee@i@ep ine TPCT ELELTTTETELITTEET Te pe eX eWe reer be een to rans eehete erect hb anv OO bbe dk Ge ee hee ies aee 7 t. seeaeeeeeenee TTR C. SUMBOs A Peete Ee) cert ' {> n -Rive err rrreyaery TV. CROP URURP SCSI LEE Eee eee i] av PP PTTTTTTTTITUrT TLL TL ae Le beoeeseas ee ee ees esate saveaet er peeteoreer* eevee eeeee . PE Lega ee eee ee eke seem er teow te eaeeeee { e eeweeuae ee at de eedse edb ehe ede odes SPS eee espe ear eetece vee _ 2 . staeeiearséeveaeaed eta @e ee ees eees ese vases erry tr - eos¢i6esoesnteaeaeaete bearvreaesbebotew is eeresesrees syiotan beaks 7 éee ¢eSPeesteteeweew ieee aseert }@tteeedwsegee tas ‘ohana See eke cee bewr se Pees eoer toe eearte es se cweee bbe LJ / 7 ; os af ‘fF s Seieeeas eeu etasedbapaedeneceer ag ee eeees £42 SESE ree es CVPR ET as x sae ee PT rrrTrreaerrrrinyy? LEU UME ees ee - TVET VETTEL i. se Peet dreee e+e eet tenwees eee t arate Ta eeee , S or@et @eevreeteooeeee *? esesatvepetereoeevartaerenn® e (ibs. saeeteeaer ‘ e*aeeeeeeeP wee ea eeeaeeeee (goovrr072 18 bas in (see ee ete iwi wae wRTREREUELE LEC EE eee er, +eaveewan * . 4 e _ SEP Re wee RAD TER eC eet eee deere de eee nee se st tte orrh eee | on ehewes shuagenss e464 7 CNP eve hanes eweke ree = 7 7 ob eteteeee bee eee Ghee ee eat eee The bataselscinadcuuaiaue + = cv, Pewee ieer eb seesewesegetewee ‘+2OeR Gee ee tas Chere 149 FOO RF ‘ Sé@e08eb 4024666 O8¢ TSB GeaPeT Fe ® cehuaeboesbavcabosnsnapenie e66e0 cue ceceeseenk Hedsbb 6066000040 0040s00000804 000988 + * sg dabe vee eee hen eGn Lees Robe Osa ene ee 108 ee 2 a0 eee hea - 7 PPrererTerrerrrry? Creer rr tT tay tee tea ao ; 3 bs COMMON NAME INDEX Page Three Page No. Scouring Bushes .......... skeiwlerelyva’e biniaiaiercis sindie sine slainisce ciein ace.@ a wine ea Conte eian (0 Sno SNES GE CREO UEI Cr oN enn ot an 6 Snow on the Mountain ............... sfeieie\cfe'wininein'aie/w els sleveiteie.a(aiserene'ace cares 22 INES aeiala's fc a.c.5)e, s/c a(sinit/oaeie'e'v.a cioe! Sa ages oo Cook paeoeckike Siae'e siris me e 22 DIEMITE (COMMON) aiscicis dieu escccdeciedecdecccicabtene Seiarereuaie Spook 3G lg Star of Bethlehem ........... Biawinieisinevaiuiaistale sic raveanlete aieteielareiataeiaiere Gaoou coon 2 SUMEMN Teiclececccese wlefelereieiele)=)sielsialaveielele) aie aie lalale(eloishelalols|clarelesenelelsieleversicieiere elelale| cleleie 14 mhite Snakeroot ..........00. minvalis) aleve’ ever Soococo dank sateeiavenla SOC DOAN OR Ce se lp Wild Cabbage .......... ea (olaialsicininrsiale siois/sieis ie «/ciciel ee eiererad Sienae wie esa Meee eee aoe 2 MMITUMILOM wie cee ecccccvcscece mraleieveraveteve avavereus mierevelate nia Cais pai 6 ile terer sie iaioneveie: sie) eve : 22 Wisteria ....... s00000Dd000C Biokeveloieleloielols/ cVelsicisie sie) elelelcievalele jetel eioternvereisrainie SOdGG. 2A MOMMREE SNOCIOS) occ cssccccccceccscess aralavaiers auciec Sraalevaisveravermete Saitiniere eeaieron ll 25 es “ vfe(rerea @ seep bb esaeen oe f etwe eee — aeepe ow pase ws ‘©e $e i SCIENTIFIC NAME INDEX Abrus precatorius .......-cecceeseccccsseceres prela/etaele’aiei= Ne vaaialg ain ass oes waists ss se . isuvtetsdee on k eee ‘is eoer nail » : bee eee ew cee ese at Pteteua 4 ‘ . SOR CSERBe eae e eee e eater ee® ' ’ a SCC CERTATA HOHE Ce Pe aHeareeeae . ~~ e@geete Pee CCC CRP ROE set vet eoe ‘ e2 hee eee PPP eee ee ere Pe eta*e*eseepee ete a **e Cet eeru eee ee ** weveeeest ee ieee ereceraie tevseetene a eT SPP Pee eee CeCe PO Oat ee i evens eteeer *eee@eee eateewe eee bee eb eee rere e eee Cee eeee eteen se@eeee si teer ‘sees aetee *eqeee teri etwetteateere e.ee068 ee#- PROPER ee ee eee eee ‘ee eae S4e6f0 db Dw se ee ceeds ed ot steeeewuhe ee hes Che eeee Ghee eiaen 4 oteeee feeePeeeee seer seeae eee teaver eee av ee . 4 ) **eee a *eeeveveetves ‘ § eee et eaaPee eee evar tee teeter oeeteeese ** see . ‘eee eCwwaeeeerveneeete Pee Oe CC eee eee eT oe : > seeeene baskedé> ed ees er 6000s 60008 . . j eert er Geese Peere tease e ee tae seee * (eae er eeee Pare i Ce eer revnseee wk ; pterr eee Oe ee ee eee A 7 Ta ORCC ee OER he ee ee ° . . * * ‘ * . * ORC ROU Oto See ee es D) : ‘ane é¢ueveneee eee Pee ee | | a * r f tr es rt SCIENTIFIC NAME INDEX Page Two Eupatorium rugosum ...........0..08. Noeoe miata niatatsetarays wae Seite an cis'sie ot nciers ae a SR MEINE ao oral acai nse: 0:0 4/4:<:0°e,000;6,14.4,6 0/0, 010 aais' so RRS Si Cveis ciate arsiavece MEETS oe ae nlad a Ka meele de uiienparnieebaéé ciubavetaleinie elcimiate e-iere/averace EMME ACG ici a iticycinie s ke ce aiieiacaneaeces minis} ary, misla\a)sixia) vine /eisinie vein SR MIEMEIMMIBLO 6 ori diccic Na ciawigince a naonasue'cceen aw slo's a.0 nine ale aie eles sie are ER A ree ROOT OUM os hcdosa asso Gian alate nie SAIC ATR Bei Ee a 6c alee Maluaaaaeele IRE EREE RIE sonia ars rcie lale Sine 4's 0a 6's kW G OR Gee e's) sinie eared see mceee eae NE i eicinlcinininin's da aie civica cawscceeseeessce cases sities bau teleeseecsine wine oe NNER RMT eee kin ayn ulus 4/45 'eiait’ 94's) o/sr0'e 4) ab.8 4 aa ae ved aalee aeons ehaces MIRE SE UN at's casa fe: cineca tye eas 0 s:a\ela:.6'0. 0:00: acd. 6 o'@ ab: sida he etevelw ablemioea eras NCEIEL YD Wes fain n2n'e/ aie 0/0 6 6 e\elacnls ere eieeis ae ciece Coen sccccnecccsescccensecs IR rarela fol (ata oi crass, «aie male n's o.6'e10/6:ae's/0,6 6) o:axe b.0:0.6l0 e/a wtlcioe oiscesiemeewe PUP EREE SE MCN falcon a) 015, 0e''s 6:0) k' ed 10.0 aia didia d:h-0-d:bin'e oie da Wee Saw aitmvealeleren MEET Te\ai a c'a'y' sien sain 60:0 6'6) aie's 60'e.Glele ale s'6.0 68:8 6 0's Cc rccccccccceccecces SIPERIPU RGD E507 a orc 0.6 pisle sie e s Salk eibwislee 4 aialeleierene aiolefafateretelerevereretercteletotels UMIRERESILOSE! 5 0's 0 aie 0 0'640 0)4'5,00,6:0 0 000 alelerellele|elale/eleralelsiele eee rccccccccecces NSFGLSSUS POCEICUS .....ccescccccccecs Bini ola}nie!«''s:e]avajaifevele sve aia) slelaiaie etelsveterarate AO Narcissus pseudo-narcissus .........cccececsceees slolevarareiatere einielslersteie eta eierala Ornithogalum umbellatum ................. Win) c\sie/evexn/aareserelnie inverse eieielets (ers oistetar Geerents LaMDETtis .. cece ceccesssess wie(clalstclelsiais e/eleinialererssets PMEEIMCCM SOMOLA CRIN 5.5.6 so 06 oisig's s.004 ac scevnssviecievs Sita siavelxe eieisieletere/aie's Podophyllum peltatum .........cccceseeees Sisle(eiele/pieie n(s'eiels\s's a/e's alaeie/s/efale sis aie MIME NESTS CTRGT el nono arsi)in|s)(n's)ni0101,0\e'=\6' wio’a\a)e'e\eie ¥\0s0\0 0 s:0\eisisin alae aieie’e' e'alaibieleis aleve a bare Pteridium latiusculum ......... wise sl nivjniaie/e)0/e asi aiu's(0(6iu:u/s! seein lerevaisvareteleieieerernye SRMSECEIS REND 5 wis ei oo cermin 'snies case secede ees S0\s\¥ih 6019 o\n'e's wiaies eels wiaieieieje eevee SEER EMESIEDIIES 6 olain e) e/alais wia'eis 15 sinle'W in oj erasejeiainin we 6lG.eieie,9 « w/o'0:0'© re wigsaleteine Owle took EM EREMINSEL CCEMR oo (o's up o/c ae Clo sie Lain odie oad elem ase odie Rhododendron spp. ......sececeees RATES COMMUNIS: oosisccccesccacacsccecs eeeeereereeeeeeeesen e@ecereeverene eeeceene eeoeeeeereeeeeseeeseene PRIMES SPMMIORCBCL A, 6 ois oicis sisidieie c o\s'sieic « 0.cccisoeeeses NEE SINIS) nace ciecbieniclcccesecdiveascc Siatals esi .e\e/aid G.e/ate sie eiejeie wisiecclaimtater atete Saponaria officinalis .............000. sae eaielets SaaaleeaN Oe I MMEREMEL IE Mian os )2 1p ' ol w/a ig G\nig: p's) c's win n'a Si'eiw a-a's 4 0 die os ada eeSe alba Sane Pate MORO TENI EMU eels 01 .0(0 0: 5\vin a)0\ 6's sve’ cle\sie(e.aie's.e.e bia: o's ca 'ae.siae'die pala Ghisleio'ugie SPRINT CREATURE n'o n\g ns'e a's ct cies c'o-0.0\0,.0's06 00 eeeeeeoseeeeereeeeeeseseeeosees 27 Pe 9 _ oa eerree a eee eee ¢oe¢* adiere *eareeee eeeteenr sese eee Lewen ee ‘ene 8% ¢ eeeeers eereae eee ne *¢e ete ‘ees e¢eeee eee ee eee eeae eeeeae sse0ee ée@eacerevgrs uxe¥earer + ** * ewveeeae + anes +e. este * J -.* *? COVER O ROOT Cee e ie ener ee Oe PUPP Pee ee er eeenete. S ba Pe borer esse ee etnnwereee ; ji 5 ae 7 - a \ a ' errs eee wivty tt : fi “ At e ebheereeteoet es aoe a7 agry 4@ Sere eegs hee ewurwaeenee wm . 2 oe a Le Set are eae e ’ * etre Seow = *aeee e*étepgeeees TTT Te Titre. Fe tenteeeregeosss RAGAEEEEe (eee eset eee eee anes ae tees eeecee cee eersaee errr es * 2 eer eee eesaerteaeserve OAs C841 CEDRO OEP ove | . ee har ew et ebeets, ihe Stee es ee terete er wrrrvrerrriyitiy it: = ; ye a rerer a@aee ph he. i a einer cee eeeeee i ere traeaesgeerere- WeerTTericyi) i. SCIENTIFIC NANE INDBX Page Three . Page No. Solanum nigrum ,,............ PP SAE ott eh goer ale ad seen sR 2 Solanum pseudo-capsicum .................. Be cs I 5c Ls 19 Solanum rostratum ............. Ase ine disinsta palate. sea wieeie ss Oasis Hees ceaaiea 12 Solanum tuberosum ....... as Dene aisles siete MS Re aisles alge e see leuemete 15 REET OEIO SO err aren SS) cle ecssteltettecetnssclaseccee ese .. 14 Sorghum vulgare sudanense ................. auaiece erase nina Aiitastigaiestaeen 14 ec ca ac See E RITES b bev e cs oho te eee Ceekc eee arene: dias pitas oe MME NM sak babes Gala Cowenie Fan eaonel es A Pee Ay heme 12 IES OT epee yeni A a ease eee, eek ciate 22 MESCUISY WOM CU eee choc eevee se yeicedcdecticees Seeiath retin tae 1 28 pa binaie ny t fh! CAMBAT ER SS (pag RAE Eres ae as Dad t ined a baca deed epee nnn dei ey tate Hips as ; par, Hearn cea | a 3 SL sevens tener bee Ee ee wevies¢es re: ‘ : ees 7 ay vaubedepvdicedwtaehebedkweee ene werweer) 1. iit. iA a" i” Ab vitie nf un tdaweeadarcveewsWvesddees ca etGeesesatess tyeeeeenean a) on ' a= +) 7 ti Ys PPPTrrTrTETCRTIITTET il eit i 7 t ’ , \ git wadddens el idee oes +h Oe Ob be 8s Rew iar (esre dee es Uheeeseees CUTE eee Hee we FOTHEOSOG A EVE Eee Te eats ete e eee ee eee B® os Sees eae eee Hee ede s wpa ed ot se ees heeds oki beaaeseereese* Perera eer er ede tee eb SER SEA eR ORS ETRE SERS LEADERS Eee — ; = pe as v- BIBLIOGRAPHY Agricultural Bulletin 772: Agricultural Experiment Stations of Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin. Weeds of the North Central States. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1981. Evers, Robert A. and Link, Roger P. Poisonous Plants of the Midwest and Their Effects on Livestock. Special Publication 24. Urbana: University of Illinois, 1972. Fowler, Murray E. Plant Poisoning in Small Companion Animals. St. Louis: Ralston Purina Co., 1981. Graham, Robert and Pieper, J.J. Plant Poisoning of Animals. Urbana: University of Iliinois, 1936. Hardin, James Y. and Arena, Jay M. Human Forsoning from Native and Cultivated Plants. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1974. Holm, Leroy G., Plucknett, Donald L., Pancho, Juan V., and Herberger, James P. The Worlds Worst Weeds. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1977. James, ililma Roberts. Know Your Poisonour Plants. Happy Camp, California: Naturegraph Publishers, 1973. Kingsbury, John i. Deadly Harvest. New York: Roh, Rinehart and Winston, 1965. Kingsbury, John M. Poisonous Plants of the United States. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1964. Long, Harold C. Plants Poisonous to Livestock. Cambridge: Cambridge Uni- versity Press, 1917. Muenscher, Walter C. Poisonous Plants of the United States. New York: Macifillan Co., 1939. North, Pamela M. Poisonous Plants and Fungi. London: Blandford Press, 1967. Pammel, L. H. A Manual of Poisonous Plants. Cedar Rapids: The Torch Press, 1911. Stephens, H.A. Poisonous Plants of the Central United States. Lawrence, Kansas. Regents Press of Kansas, 1930. Tampion, John. Dangerous Plants. New York, New York. Universe Books, 1977. Thomson, R.B. and Sifton, H.B. A Guide to the Poisonous Plants and Weed Seeds of Canada and the Northern United States. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1922. 29 vA oe « (7 OF : . i _ on | P nega sats : 1 shoniitl to emnfzes® domiregx® LaruSte tuniagh, Ott neediest 0880 ,s7o8tag adstoit mlensdelt ,Amoeeii otouecslt ee hibit . 7 san «=. 263078 Lezzne) dtrou sit 30 abe! | remope th os ; “TAT anos al ARES bo 7 Dh aes 7 ban seowbhlt eit Yo ajneld eves palo’ ,4 tepoitl tuky bea A @letevia” tansdll” 8) polgaslicws ietowgs doozeeyhl go t= * : 5 e ‘ i velood .2@ .elemink rosea? Liome ah yisnotios sgalt «foul ; atv! .elauiad to gikeonio® Ieslt 7.4 ,segekt ban 22 OUCL ,ehoabesl ¥@: + ‘ we = z betevivioS boa existe @ott yaiaoeic® fae M ysl, median boa .¥ es yew «es 7) tiievevind of 3.0.0 wate 9 eoeal Tec4Gn br: of nite s yOie blancG Senteurt - Vek ,esex* ual fo \Siteevial iudulonell shoo Jest thhavoltiad ,qued roqs .senel4 + of sv0Y vor .epredal aall - -ECtL ,wtalatidsd MiG é a7 Nh on Pr 07} ri storie » ibe ot] ‘ ,2r% 2 testo eal 2 aI9 guommete Ak ab SB. _— oe a > “e oil -Ri) eebiadend oghly 220320vLI 03 sugmsiot ¢ mit =o ose .iRt 2 + se0ma Sims ais te eoeetl avonosiet DO tes let a 4 ..a) ae “Taek ens biothes!A jt nobep “te tymelt esomatot it afoul i , <2eor8 docot eff jebiqnl whe \atnald soogpetol 20 Jeunali A 7 002992 boslal!l [eroneD et: bo etal eponpated - KM gf aps87¢ 2026 eee. tM} 28 “W60T , "sah 30 ezers ammgel a WUE , rrovic) . knot wot #20 eli rupteg etl a, - ia cjinel? quonoetod ed? oF eft nS J 4.4 ,woyt! ie bes 8h sri la) coymexd’ © .eesase besial | cretyro% eld Dek ¥ P Au. i) ie se * rf ‘ ; va Aly Pi : i f\ ; , , é ; e ii iy * ad . S. 7 vey. . i fh cu 9 , . i 4 ¢ i Ss) . 4 2 waif é Mie ae D3 Lae 4/ , Ae, isto ‘ t ‘ itr yy ae ae v ‘ ’ e A at? ' a << ; * we . |