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Pmbptaian Cfturcl) of England.

REPOET

OF THE

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SEP 17 191P ^?{0GICAL

FOREIGN MISSIONS

CHINA, FORMOSA,

THE STRAITS SETTLEMENTS, AND INDIA,

SUBMITTED TO THE SYNOD,

1919.

WITH ILLUSTRATIONS.

Convener : Rev. D. C. Macgregob, M.A.

Secretary : Rev. P. J. Maciagan, M.A., D.Phil.

Financial Secretary : Mb. John Leggat, 7 East India Avenue, London, E.C. 3

PRICE FOUR PENCE.

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REPORT OF THE FOREIGN MISSIONS COMMITTEE,

SUBMITTED TO THE SYNOD, 1919.

Retrospect and Prospect. — The Earthquake. — In a review of oui Foreign Mission work during the past year nothing so catches one’s atten- tion as the Earthquake, with its widespread destruction in China and the magnificent reaction it provoked in the Church at home. The Church was asked for £10,000 to make good the damage to Mission property and has contributed no less than £11,850. Such a result moves one to profound and glad thankfulness to God, from Whom every generous impulse comes. The original rough estimate of £10,000 as needed for repairs seems, in the light of further information, to have been below the mark. Though much has been done by the Chinese in the repair of chapels and of the Swatow Hospitals, it is unlikely that the sum contributed will be in excess of the amount required. The generosity of the Church in this matter fills one also with hope, for in this response the Church has surely shown its deter- mination to carry on its Foreign Mission work efficiently. The Committee, therefore, with regret but without discouragement draws the attention of the Church to the decrease in the ordinary revenue with full confidence that the Church will redeem its work not only from the crippling conditions of damaged plant, but from the more serious disablement of an insufficient income and of a depleted and numerically inadequate staff. Vacancies must be filled, the burdens pressing on men who have long laboured on the Foreign Field must be shared by fresh recruits, and understaffed departments of work have to be provided with their full complement of workers. It would be difficult to exaggerate the seriousness of the present condition of our staff. Earnest prayer must be offered and diligent search made for suitable workers, ministerial, medical and edu- cational. Moreover, to meet present requirements and the claims of work the responsibility for which the Church cannot evade will require an addition to the annual income of at least 25 per cent. The Committee believes that this can be done and calls upon the office- bearers and members of the Church to pray more earnestly for volunteers for the work and for the means necessary for its support. Other Churches and Societies are asking for large thankoffermgs. Will not the members of this Church also rededicate themselves to God and to His Kingdom that fuller tides of life may pour through all the channels of the Church’s work both at home and abroad ?

Staff. — Although mentioned in the Report for 1917, Dr. Campbell’s resignation falls technically within the past year, and the Committee desires

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once again to record its thankfulness to God for his long and fruitful service, and in taking farewell of Dr. Campbell as a missionary on the staff to wish him and Mrs. Campbell a long and happy eventide of life.

Through the transference of Dr. J. P. Maxwell from Yungchun the Church loses one of her most devoted workers. It is some satisfaction to know that his services are still to be given to China. Dr. Maxwell has been appointed to the Union Medical College, Peking, where his eminent professional ability and his keen Christian spirit will both find ample scope.

Mr. Campbell Moody’s return to Formosa is a welcome addition to the force there, even though he cannot be reckoned a full-time missionary. Dr. and Mrs. Landsbo rough have sailed for Formosa, where also Rev. W. E. Montgomery, demobilised from the Chinese Labour Corps, hopes to return before long. Miss Miller has sailed for India, and Miss Arthur will leave for Formosa in the autumn. Rev. D. P. Jones, who also took a commission with the Chinese Labour Corps, has not yet been released, and Dr. J. L. Maxwell and Dr. N. B. Stewart are still engaged in Army medical work. Dr. Lyall and Dr. and Mrs. Chalmers have arrived in this country on furlough, and other missionaries are expected in the •course of this year. The Committee desires to record its appreciation •of the loyal and self-denying spirit in which, when so many furloughs are due and overdue, the interests of the work have been cared for by Mission Councils.

The Home Base. — The Home organisation does not call for much com- ment. At the close of the first complete year during which ladies have been included in the membership of the Foreign Missions Committee and its Executive, it is fitting that acknowledgment should be made of the benefit derived from their devotion and practical wisdom. The Consultative Conference of the Foreign Missions and W.M.A. Executives has again proved its usefulness as a means for frank communication of information and as a source of suggestions for common action. The King’s Missionary Band is extending its organisation and usefulness. The Missionaries’ Magazine Club had to suspend its operations for a time owing to postal restrictions. Mr. T. Carter, Jun., was compelled by pressure of other work to resign the Secretaryship and was cordially thanked by the Committee for his services. His successor has not yet been found.

The new arrangement whereby the ‘ Presbyterian Messenger ’ comes under one editorship and the Foreign Mission news is no longer confined to a section by itself will, it is believed, make more evident and more effective the claims of Foreign Missions on the whole membership of the Church.

China. — In China the most noticeable event has been the meeting of the first Provisional General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in China. Of this Assembly Dr. Gibson, Swatow, was unanimously elected honorary Moderator, a well-deserved tribute to the statesmanship he has shown in the interests of Christian union in China. Simultaneously with the institution of this General Assembly came the initiation of federal rela- tions between the churches of the Presbyterian and Congregational orders, which will make manifest and promote still further the spiritual unity which underlies differences of ecclesiastical organisation. The work on the mainland of China in each of our three fields has been carried on under considerable difficulties. The earthquake of

3

February 1918 caused widespread devastation. Crops were spoiled by frost, or floods or drought. Over a wide area serious disturbance has been created by civil war, with its attendant evils of dislocation of business, military extortion, looting, brigandage and destruction of property. In such circumstances missionaries were kept from their inland stations and all work involving travelling was interfered with. Nor is it to be wondered at that hospitals report a decrease in the number of patients and that schools should not have had their full complement of pupils. Nevertheless, the reports from all the centres show that all branches of our Mission work were carried on effectively, and special encouragements were met with even under adverse conditions.

Yungchun. — The district has suffered as much as any from civil disorder, but are not these touching glimpses of the Christian community there? One station has never had more than an occa- sional visit by a preacher from a neighbouring congregation. ‘ The brethren meet by themselves, read hymns (for they cannot sing), read the Bible and pray. Last year their leader died and this year his brother also died. But the sons share their father’s spirit and are carrying on the work.’ At another place where the village was burned partly by brigands and partly by a madman, the people after an enforced exile of several months returned to find themselves plundered bare; neither ox nor pig remained. Yet a handful of illiterate farmers meet for worship. A brother reads to them from the Romanised Bible, and they have offered $50 a year towards the support of a pastor. Ten additional Chinese preachers would only be sufficient to supply the places where already there are preaching halls and people anxious to hear. More schools are needed also, and evangelistic and educational work among the women is crying out for attention. Mr. Short earnestly desires to have a colleague along with him and to see the W.M. A. work reinforced.

Chinchew. — The most noticeable thing, perhaps, in the Chinchew edu- cational work both for what it is and for what it suggests, is the fact that for the first time one of the reports of that work is written by a Chinese, Mr. Gaw, son of the pastor at Changpu, who a year ago was appointed to the responsible position of Master of the Junior School. His report, to which Mr. Underhill appends a few notes, shows a year of useful and promising work. The other departments of the education work con- tinue to advance under Mr. Anderson and Mr. Rogers. Is it not a re- markable sign of the spiritual influence of the College that all of the senior class of five boys have expressed a desire to go forward to the Ministry? In addition to his service in the School, Mr. Rogers has been able to give much help also in the visitation of the Chinchew district. Mr. Watson finds the Union Bible School, with its twelve or eighteen students, an engrossing occupation. The preparation for his classes keeps him ‘ delightfully busy. ’

The Chinchew Medical Work prospers under the charge of Dr. Mont- gomery and Dr. lap. As the latter is only able to give half the day to the hospital, Mr. Go has been appointed assistant. Owing to the abnor- mal conditions, the number of patients has slightly fallen off. Chinchew is at present held by Northern troops who have made large use of the hospital. The Government provision for sick and wounded soldiers is only one medical unit for every 10,000 men.

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4

In the evangelistic work of the hospital the staff has been assisted by ' Mr. Watson and the two city pastors. A visit by Drs. Montgomery and lap to Manila was successful in securing large contributions to the funds of the hospital, which have made possible the beginning of the much- needed new buildings. In this matter Dr. lap did yeoman service.

Amoy. — The Union Theological College in Amoy is to be closed mean- while. It was begun as an experiment, and has been run on its present lines for five years, during which it has done sound work. The number of students of the required grade has, however, been small, and various considerations have led the College Board to feel that to run such a College on Kulangsu has become impracticable. Fresh proposals for the training of pastors and preachers are under consideration.

The Anglo-Chinese College reports a good year, with an average attendance which has only once been exceeded and a better type of student. The most gratifying point is the increase in the number of boarders. The College is again indebted to Mrs. Wales for most valuable help in the teaching of English. Mr. Anderson speaks with warm appre- ciation of the House-Master, Mr. Teh, who has declined a very tempting offer to take up work in Manila. Some repairs and enlargements of the building Have been effected on the strength of money raised in Manila by Mr. Teh, but much remains to be done. The spiritual impulse derived from the visit of Mr. Day in 1917 has not spent itself, and has been reinforced at the end of 1918 by a fresh movement of even greater depth.

Changpu. — For the past year the Changpu district has been without a resident ministerial missionary, and though the pastors and preachers have maintained their work without such encouragement as a western colleague might give, the strain of the year has told on Church life. The district is in need of spiritual revival. Still, in one place there are signs of awakened interest.

Dr. Lamb, who has given such help to the general work as his medical work allowed, reports the poorest year that he has yet had as regards in- patients. Many of the people had not the money necessary to stay in the hospital for treatment. Because of this and the amount of sickness in some places, Dr. Lamb supplemented the usual work in two ways. The first was Saturday-afternoon visiting in the nearer villages, where patients were seen and preaching done. This method does not seem to have been very fruitful. The second method was to pay a visit of some days’ duration to each of three of the larger towns in the district. At Uneio, where, however, the accommodation and arrangements were in- convenient, on an average 300 patients were seen daily and six operations performed. At the two other places the doctor was almost as busy, but things were better arranged and the strain less. At all places the preach- ing and teaching of the Gospel went along with the medical work.

Two movements which affect the whole Amoy field are worthy of special attention. One is a campaign, the initiation of which is largely due to Mr. Rogers, to promqte Bible reading. The Bible is there in the Vernacular, the New Testament in the revision produced under Mr. Barclay’s chairmanship, but comparatively few can read it. The first step is to teach the people to read. With this in view and with the Synod’s backing, Mr. Rogers and Mr. Ko prepared a primer in book

5

and in wall-sheet; form, and reading classes were held in many places. The campaign will be continued, but already, and in spite of difficult times, it has met with success. ‘The chief event of this year,’ writes Mr. Watson, ‘ for which we give thanks and rejoice, is an increase in the number of those who can read God’s Holy Word.’

The second movement is towards increased evangelistic effort. The Christian community seems to be awaking to the fact that too little is being done in this line, and a scheme is being prepared in accordance with which, by the united effort of the Presbyterian and Congregational Churches, the Gospel will within the next five years be made accessible to every home. The scheme was suggested by a Conference in July at which some hundred men were present and at which many seem to have re- ceived a real spiritual impulse. From such movements as these much may be hoped and for them much prayer should be made.

Chaochowfu. — The reports from the Swatow Field indicate a year of steady work. The damage done by the earthquake has not yet all been •made good. In particular both Church and Hospital at Chaochowfu have been to a large extent put out of action. The rebuilding of the Church is postponed until a decision is reached as to its site. If a suitable site were found within the city and if the large sum required for the purchase of such a site were provided, there is little doubt that it would be well to remove the Church there and use what remains of the present building for school purposes. Meanwhile the congregation is meeting in the Hospital chapel which has been temporarily roofed over. In other patched-up buildings a limited amount of medical work is being earned on by Dr. Wight until the rebuilding of the Hospital, now begun, is completed. The work of the Preaching Hall has again proved its value. The attendance at the meetings has been very good. The Beading Boom in connection with which a modest lending library has been begun is now flattered by three imitators within the City. Mr. James writes of a young man ‘ who began coming to the Preaching Hall in the late Mr. Kang’s time. He says that when he read a book on Theism he really got a firm belief in God, but it was not until he read some books on Hypnotism which are having a great vogue that he could believe the miracles of Jesus as worked by means of suggestion. When he last came we discussed prayer and the Morning Watch and read Ephesians iv. setting forth the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ as the ideal, and discussing the new birth, the new man, and the atonement in explanation of the latter part of the chapter. ’ To guide such gropers after truth is a most intimate and interesting part of a missionary’s work.

The Congregations in the Chaochowfu area show both light and shade. A pastorate of four Congregations has become two pastorates of two Con- gregations each, one retaining the former minister while a young licentiate has been ordained over the other. These ministers are working well, and their Congregations as well as others are making progress. The darkest note is of a Congregation which has suffered greatly through the scandal occasioned by the misconduct of the preacher, a young man only a year out of college, who had to be dismissed.

Swabue. — At the other end of the field Mr. Sutherland has been as indefatigable as ever in visiting his diocese. The district has suffered from the natural calamities of frost and drought and flood ; but the General of

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the Southern Forces being ,a local man it has escaped more lightly than other districts the evils of civil war, and the work has not been seriously interfered with. The Church building at Nam-tng has been formally opened and the first three Church members there baptised. Eight men and two women have been baptised, and promising schools for boys and girls have been opened at Sua-kang, a village in which a, military mandarin asked Mr. Sutherland to open a church, saying that he could make nothing of the people there. Less satisfactory are the Congregations in the two district cities of Hai-fung and Lu-fung. In these places Mr. Sutherland would like to see more aggressive work and special services, but the build- ings are unsuitable. A little money spent in making such alterations as would provide accommodation for 100 or 150 people would be a wise invest- ment. The Congregation at Swabue does not grow much, the people being engrossed in business. Still they are not inaccessible, and a series of special meetings for outsiders was well attended. There is some hope that Swabue may get a minister before long, and at Tua-ua a licentiate is acting as preacher, and may, if the Congregation and he hit it off well, become its minister.

The Hospital would 'have been closed when Dr. Chalmers left on his much-needed furlough had not the W.M.A., in the person of Dr. Hey- worth, come to the rescue. She, with Mr. Siau from the Swatow Hos- pital, was able to keep the medical work going, and if the number of the patients was less than in previous years she rejoiced that she was able to give more attention to the religious part of her work. In everything she had the hearty support of Mr. Siau, of whom she speaks in the highest terms.

Swatow. — At Swatow the Theological College with 28 students has been mainly under the charge of Mr. Gibson and Mr. Lau. Mr. Dim, minister of Teng-kng, lectured to the senior class for four weeks on Sunday-school work, and it is hoped that in future similar instruction will be given to each class before it leaves the college.

The Swatow Hospital has had a year of varied experiences. First it was kept busy attending to the sick and wounded of both the Northern aimy, which evacuated the port, and of the Southern army, which took possession. Then it was threatened by a fire which broke out in adjacent property. In February came the earthquake with its heavy roll of cases. Epidemics of cerebro-spinal meningitis and of typhoid followed and added to the usual work. Expenses have been heavy, and some subscribers could not be reached. Others, however, increased their subscriptions. Dr. Whyte suggests that it will hardly be possible to go on receiving large sums from the Chinese without giving them some say in the management of the hospital. Dr. Lyall is, of course, much missed, and no part of the work feels more acutely the loss of Mrs. Lyall.

In addition to the usual Hospital Report, Dr. Whyte sends an account of the relief work in Namoa after the Earthquake. The relief party con- sisted of Dr. Whyte, with two Chinese doctors who had received their professional training in the Swatow Hospital, a medical student, Mr. Gamble, and six of the Boys’ Brigade who had passed the examination in First Aid. After five days, in which 448 visits to patients had been made and 778 treatments in the temporary hospital, the work was handed over to Dr. Ohia, who carried on medical relief work for two months, adminis-

CONVERTS FROM THE MOULVI’S VILLAGE.

(Back row. left to right: The Moulvi. the Evangelist the ' Lay Reader’ of the Koran.)

A CHRISTIAN FROM LIOK-GO (CHANGPU) who has prayed and laboured for years in the Gospel.

[To face jage 6,

THEOLOGICAL STUDENTS, with Rev. M. C. Mackenzie, Rev. W. B.

WUKINGFU,

Paton, and the Tutor.

MRS. PATON'S BLIND SCHOOL, WUKINGFU.

7

tering more than 6,000 treatments. The funds for this excellent philan- thropic work were contributed in response to a public appeal in Swatow and Hongkong, and administered by a committee of merchants and others in Swatow.

South Hakka. — The South Hakka Field reports a heavy death rate, which, along with a large number of removals to other places, explains a decrease in the total Church membership in spite of additions by baptisms. Among those who have died there are preachers who will be much missed. The Eev. Tsan Mien-lu, minister-emeritus, was seriously ill, but his life was spared and he is able to help in the pastoral over- sight of the district. It is encouraging to notice how his sons are doing. One of them is Mr. Eentoul’s assistant in the school at Sam-ho. Another, who was the first student of his year at Soochow University, is preparing to go to America, for further study. The third is a medical student at Wukingfu, and the fourth is teacher of one of the Presbytery’s primary schools. One new chapel has been opened in the course of the year, and the influence of a Christian doctor in another district seems to be pre- paring the way for beginning work there.

In the Theological College there have been nine students, six of whom should have read another year but are being sent out to do station work for a time, in order to reduce the pressure of work on the College staff. During Mr. Mackenzie’s furlough the College work will devolve on Mr. Paton, in addition to the already heavy burden of the Middle School and much general supervision. The whole situation in both the South and the North Hakka Fields is most serious. There, as elsewhere, reinforce- ments are urgently needed. In the interests of economy the Printing Press at Wukingfu has been temporarily closed.

The Middle School has absorbed its Higher Primary Department, and is now a Middle School pure and simple. There are fifty-seven scholars of whom thirteen only are day boys. In order to preserve the Christian tone the Mission Council has decided that of the boarders not more than 10 per cent, may be non-Christians. It is pleasant to find here, as in other places, old pupils doing well in America and elsewhere, and some of them coming back to their old school as members of its staff. One of the local gentry who has not yet made profession of faith, having little in common with the society around him, and finding sympathy and intel- lectual stimulus in the Christian Church, has been voluntarily helping in the teaching of Chinese writing. As an outcome of Mr. Paton ’s teaching of the Old Testament during the last five years, he finds himself the author of an MS. volume, ‘Main Lines of Old Testament History,’ which may before long form a welcome addition to the Christian literature of China. The elementary schools in the South Hakka Field, with 547 pupils, are all taught by boys who have finished their course in the Middle School.

Of the Sunday-school work the most encouraging part is that which, under Mrs. Paton ’s direction, is done among the women. She also super- intends the education of three blind boys. They have been kept busy making string for the British and Bible Society, Shanghai, and have also learned basket making. Mark’s Gospel is being put into Braille for their use. The attendance at the hospital has been affected by the Civil War, and the consequent reluctance of the people to venture from their homes. A fortnight’s dispensary work at the important town of Hopo was

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successful beyond expectation, and has suggested the opening of a per- manent dispensary there.

North Hakka. — In the North Hakka Field Dr. McPhun at Samho reports an increase in out-patients, but a drop in the number of in-patients. Mr. Bentoul, as our only ministerial missionary in the whole North Hakka field, is charged with a task which no one man can adequately discharge, and carries besides the responsibility for the Samho school. At Shang- hang Dr. Tsen (in Dr. Dale’s absence at Wukingfu) continues to do excellent work, establishing the reputation of the hospital. The new ward block with four rooms for students has been built, the expense being covered by promised donations, for the most part already paid in.

Formosa. — In Formosa the external conditions have been less abnormal than in China. The increased cost of living is being felt, and has sug- gested a proposal to raise the salaries of the preachers, which would cost the Church in Formosa about 2,000 yen more per annum.

The Chinese ministers, of whom there are now eight, are responsible for the visitation of their own Congregations, and one of them was set free from his pastoral duties to assist the missionaries in their share of this oversight of Congregations, for which the claims of other work leave them too little time. Even so some 20 Congregations were not visited in the course of the year, among them being the East Coast Congregations, which have been unvisited now for two years. Mr. Nielson, who was less tied by other work than his colleagues, was able to pay pastoral visits to 21 Congregations, and once again testifies to the value of this work as offering countless opportunities of telling the Good News to those who know it not and of encouraging those who are already believers.

The net increase in Church membership' is 157, which is equal to 5 per cent, of the membership of the Congregations visited during the year, a rate of increase which, as Mr. Barclay says, is too small.

The College reports 20 students at present. Three students graduated in March, two of whom went out as preachers, and the third proceeded to Tokyo to pursue his studies in the Presbyterian College there. Mr. Ferguson expresses his concern for the supply of preachers. There are no fewer than 42 places where Christians meet for worship on Sundays which have no settled pastor or preacher. He suggests that improvements in the course of study might attract more and better students, that scholar- ships tenable at the Middle School might be provided for prospective Theological students, and that a Bible School should be started for earnest young men past Middle School age, who, with some special training, would be most useful to the Church.

One of the most encouraging features of Church life in Formosa just now is the increased attention to Sunday-school work. The matter was taken up by the Synod. A Teachers’ Quarterly in Bomanised Vernacular has been started, the preparation of which is a heavy strain on the one or two missionaries chiefly responsible for it ; but it is evidently work worth doing. Five hundred copies per quarter were printed at first, .and latterly as many as 650. The whole field has been divided into districts, and for each district superintendents (men and women) were appointed. They were instructed to visit the Congregations, and were provided with sug- gestions as to how to make these visits fruitful. Mr. Ng Su-beng, House- master in the Middle School, has taken much interest in this Sunday-

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school movement. In the holiday season he and one of the younger preachers on their own initiative held at Tainan a school for teachers which was found to be most helpful. It is hoped that similar schools may be held in other centres. To this increased attention to Sunday- school work is partly due the fact revealed by the Quadrennial Church census of 1918 of a marked growth in the number of readers in Romanised Vernacular.

The medical work, already curtailed by the absence of Dr. Lands- borough and Dr. Maxwell, came to a complete stop when Dr. and Mrs. Taylor were, on account of the latter’s health, compelled to leave Formosa on furlough.

Mr. Band sends a brief but pithy report of the Middle School. Seventy new pupils were admitted, and the buildings are becoming too small for the 140 Boarders. Three of the staff are second generation Christians, and are all doing good work. Every year that passes increases the urgency of the need for a colleague to Mr. Band in this most promis- ing work.

Singapore. — In our Singapore field the Rev. Tay Sek-tin has again rendered efficient service to the whole Church. The Tanjong Pagar Con- gregation is to have a minister from China; and the Presbytery is con- sidering whether the number of pastorates may not be increased by the formation of groups of Congregations. Services have been begun again at Senai (Ang-tshu-kang) Johore, where 20 years ago there was a small church.

In the Baba work Mr. Murray reports decided progress. The Sunday School has now 99 on the roll. The Bible Class for young men, conducted by Mr. Tan Boon Guan, continues to be very popular. A new Boys’ Club, ‘ The Friendly Band,’ has a membership of 50. A recently introduced system of monthly subscriptions to the Church has resulted in an increase of 50 per cent.

During the year 24 adults were baptised. The average giving per member is $17. 26 (£2). The Mission Council is encouraged by the decision of the Committee to take advantage of the opening for Educa- tional Mission work in Johore, and in preparation for the arrival of the missionary for that work the Muar Mission house has been thoroughly overhauled, the greater part of the expense being met locally.

India. — In Rajshahi, as in Singapore, there is a note of expectation. The call for hostel work in connection with the Government College is extremely pressing, and should at once be responded to as a beginning of much that might be done to develop our work. Meanwhile a Christian Professor in the College is exerting a good influence, and has now about thirty of the students coming three days a week to the Mission Hall to a club which they themselves already wish to have affiliated to the Y.M.C.A. At Dangapara the Christian Moulvie has several inquirers under instruction. Two Government grants of Rs. 150 each have been made to build and furnish a school there, which will also serve as a church. Among the Santals, of whom there are 13,000 in the district, there are some first fruits. At the Borind a man who became a Roman Catholic fifteen years ago, and has since then made a point of turning aside every convert of our Mission, now confesses his error and promises to do what he can for those he has misled. The work of the dispensary

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at Bajshahi has been much appreciated. Mr. Hamilton has been much cheered by the visits of the Bev. Mr. Chowdhury and Professor J. B. Bannerjea from Calcutta, and of the Bev. W. Paton and Mr. Whitehom. During Dr. Morison’s absence Mr. Hamilton visits Naogaon monthly. The Compounder there is ‘ carrying on, ’ but the absence of a resident missionary has had, almost inevitably, a bad effect on the work in that centre.

Livingstonia. — The Committee again reminds the Church that as a small acknowledgment of the generous and unfailing help received from Scottish friends belonging chiefly to the United Free Church, it was agreed that members of the Presbyterian Church of England should be invited to contribute to the work in Livingstonia. To their prayers and liberality, therefore, the Committee again commends this work in a con- tinent in the evangelisation of which our Church has no direct share.

In several of the reports from the field both last year and this can be detected a deep sense of the need of greater spiritual power. ‘ In thinking about the readiness of people to listen to our preaching,’ Mr. "Watson says, ‘I wonder why conversions are so few. What is amiss? Why are we not used to turn many more from darkness to light? With so many pastors, preachers, teachers, colporteurs, hospital assistants, Biblewomen, and missionaries of all sorts, medical, educational, clerical, all giving time and strength to win souls for Christ, why are so few won? “ By my Spirit,” saith the Lord, “ ye shall receive power when the Holy Ghost is come upon you. ” ’

Do we at home feel anything of this holy impatience? ‘ I have inti- mated my fear,’ John Foster said, ‘that it is visionary to expect an unusual success in the human administration of religion unless there were unusual omens. Now an emphatic spirit of prayer would he such an omen. If the whole or greater number of the disciples of Christianity were, with an earnest unfailing resolution of each, to combine that heaven should not withhold one single influence which the very utmost effort of conspiring and persevering supplication could obtain, it would be a sign of the revolution of the world being at hand.’ Will not our Heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to them that ask Him?

Submitted, on behalf of the Committee, by

D. C. MACGBEGOB, Convener.

P. J. MACLAGAN, Secretary.

SYNOD OF FORMOSA.

In front row, Dr. Barclay, Mr. Ferguson, Mr. Macleod (Canadian). Second row, Mr. Moody.

Back row, Mr. Dowie (Canadian).

PRESBYTERY OF SINGAPORE.

] l

THE MISSIONARIES.

(As at March 31, 1919.)

MINISTERIAL MISSIONARIES.

* The asterisk before a name in these lists indicates a married missionary. The wives of the missionaries have always been efficient Mission workers.

Rev.

J. Campbell Gibson, D.D....	Arrival on the Mission Field. Stations. ... 1874. Swatow.
Thomas Barclay, D.D.	... 1874.	Tainan, Formosa.
♦J. A. Bethune Cook	... 1881.	Singapore.
♦Murdo C. Mackenzie	... 1888.	Wukingfu.
♦Duncan Ferguson, M.A. ...	... 1889.	Tainan, Formosa.
♦George M. Wales ...	... 1890.	Amoy.
♦John Steele, M.A., D.Lit. Andrew Bonar Nielson, M.A.	... 1892. ... 1895.	Tainan, Formosa.
♦David Sutherland ...	... 1898.	Swabue.
♦William J. Hamilton, B.D.	... 1900.	Rampore Boalia,
William Murray, M.A. ...	... 1901.	Rajshahi, Beng Singapore.
Alan S. M. Anderson, M.A.	... 1902.	Chinchew.
Horace F. Wallace, B.D. ...	... 1903.	Swatow.
*H. W. Oldham	... 1904.	Amoy.
♦John Watson, M.A.1	... 1905.	Chinchew.
*W. B. Paton, M.A.	... 1905.	Wukingfu.
*W. E. Montgomery, B.D.	... 1909.	Tainan, Formosa.
*T. W. Douglas James, M.A.	... 1910.	Chaochowfu.
R. W. R. Rentoul, B.A. ...	... 1911.	Samhopa.
Edward Band, B.A.	... 1912.	Tainan, Formosa.
T. Campbell Gibson, M.A.	... 1912.	Swatow.
♦William Short, M.A., B.D.	... 1913.	Yungchun.
•J. C. Smith, B.A	... 1914.	Swatow.
Campbell N. Moody, M.A.2	... 1914.	Shoka, Formosa.
A. Guthrie Gamble, B.A....	... 1915.	Swatow.
D. P. Jones, B.A. ...	... 1916.	Tainan, Formosa

MEDICAL MISSIONARIES. Alexander Lyall, M.B., C.M. Edin.

John F. McPhun, M.B., C.M. Glasg. ...

♦Philip B. Cousland, M.B., C.M. Edin.3...

♦David Landsborough, M.A., M.B., C.M.

Edin.

♦J. Preston Maxwell, M.D., B.S. Lond.,

F.R.O.S

*J. Laidlaw Maxwell, Jun., M.D., B.S.

Lond. ...

1879.	Swatow.
1882.	Samhopa.
1883.	Yokohama.
1895.	Shoka, Formosa.
1899.	Peking.
1900.	Tainan, Formosa.

1 Mr. Watson was in Amoy during 1880-1896. He returned to the Mission in 1906.

2 Mr. Moody was in Shoka from 1895-1908.

3 Dr. Cousland is still acting as Editorial Secretary of the China Medical Missionary Association.

12

♦Robert Morison, M.B., Ch.B., F.R.C.S. Edin.

*G. Duncan Whyte, M.D. Edin., D.T.M. & H. Camb.

♦J. Howard Montgomery, M.B., Ch.B. Edin.

♦Andrew Wight, M.B., Ch.B. Edin. ♦Robert Chalmers, M.D. Abd.

♦Norman B. Stewart, M.B., Ch.B. Glasg. ♦Geo. Gushue-Taylor, M.B., B.S. Lond. *W. Chalmers Dale, M.B., B.S. Lond. ... ♦J. Henderson Lamb, M.B., Ch.B. Edin. ♦Malcolm S. Ross, M.B., Ch.B. Edin.

1902.	Naogaon, Rajshahi Bengal.
1903.	Swatow.
1904.	Chinchew.
1907.	Chaochowfu.
1910.	Swabue.
1911.	Wukingfu.
1911.	Tainan, Formosa.
1913.	Shanghang.
1914.	Changpu.
1914.	Swatow District.

MISSIONARY TEACHERS.

♦Mr. William Paton ... ... 1881. Swatow.

*Mr. Henry J. P. Anderson, M.A. ... 1904. Amoy.

Mr. Reginald A. Rogers, M.A ... 1909. Chinchew.

♦Mr. Alfred W. Edmunds, B.A.I. (T.C.D.) 1910. Swatow.

Mr. L. Kingsley Underhill, B.A. ... 1912. Chinchew.

♦Mr. E. Murray ... ... ... ... 1917. Amoy.

WOMEN’S MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION MISSIONARIES.

Miss Georgina J. Maclagan	... 1882.	Changpu.
Miss Annie E. Butler	... 1885.	Shoka, Formosa.
Miss Joan Stuart	... 1885.	Shoka, Formosa.
Miss Mary Harkness	... 1887.	Swatow.
Miss Margaret Barnett ...	... 1888.	Tainan, Formosa.
Miss Helen Lecky	... 1889.	Changpu,
Miss Janet Balmer	... 1890.	Wukingfu.
Miss Lydia Ramsay	... 1890.	Chinchew.
Miss Annie N. Duncan ...	... 1893.	Chinchew.
Miss Margaret B. Macgregor	... 1893.	Amoy.
Miss Lena Johnston	... 1896.	Amoy.
Miss Margaret Ross	... 1897.	Yungchun.
Miss Mary G. Ewing	... 1898.	Yungchun.
Miss Jeanie Ewing	... 1898.	Yungchun.
Miss Isabella E. Brander ...	... 1902.	Swatow.
Miss Margaret E. Mac Arthur	... 1902.	Chinchew.
Miss Jeannie Lloyd	... 1903.	Tainan, Formosa.
Miss Gertrude Wells	... 1905.	Chaochowfu.
Miss Edith Herschell	... 1906.	Changpu.
Miss Jeanie P. McKay ...	... 1906.	Chinchew.
Miss Anne Symington	... 1907.	Amoy.
Miss Dora Noltenius	... 1910	Amoy.
Miss Eleanor Y. Burnett...	... 1910.	Shanghang.
Miss Evelyn D. Davis	... 1912.	Amoy.
Miss Mary Winnefred Hall	;.. 1912.	Rampore Boalia.
Miss Winifred Starkey ...	... 1913.	Wukingfu.
Miss Agnes D. Reive	... 1913.	Tainan, Formosa.
Miss Annie A. Livingston	... 1913.	Shoka, Formosa.

13

Miss Phyllis A. Chisholm, B.A. ...	... 1914.	Swatow.
Miss Marie Thompson	... 1914.	Wukingfu.
Miss Mary Paton ...	... 1914.	Swabue.
Miss Muriel Donaldson ...	... 1914.	Chinchew.
Miss Jessie Gilchrist	... 1916.	Hakkaland.
Miss Sabine Mackintosh ...	... 1916.	Tainan, Formosa.
Miss Annie M. Miller	... 1919.	Rampore Boalia.

W.M.A. MEDICAL MISSIONARIES.

Miss Margaret Edith Bryson, M.B., Ch.B. Glasg.

Miss Nina H. Beath, M.B., Ch.B., Edin. Miss Louisa Graham Thacker, M.B., B.S. Lond.

Miss F. Winifred Heyworth, L.R.C.P. and S. Edin.

1904. Chinchew,

1905. Swatow.

1906. Chinchew. 1915. Swatow.

The Mission Staff numbers 26 Ministerial Missionaries, 20 Medical Missionaries (including 4 Lady Doctors), 6 Missionary Teachers, 31 Wives of Missionaries, 36 W.M.A. Ladies (not including the Lady Doctors) ; resident at 1 5 centres. 1

N.B. — Postal Addresses.

For Amoy, Chinchew, and Changpu : put only ‘ Amoy, China.’

For Yungchun : ‘ Yungchun, Amoy, China.’

For Swatow and Chaochowfu : put only ‘Swatow, China.’

For Swabue : ‘ Swabue, by Hong Kong, China.’

For Wukingfu : ‘ Wukingfu, vid Swatow, China.’

For Samhopa : ‘ Samhopa, near Swatow, China.’

For Shanghang : ‘ Shanghang, by Swatow, China.’

For Formosa: ‘Shoka, Formosa,’ Japan (for Chianghoa), or ‘Tainan, Formosa,’ Japan.

For Singapore : ‘Gilstead, Newton, Singapore.’

For India : ‘ Rampore Boalia, Rajshahi, Bengal, India,’ or ‘ Naogaon, Rajshahi, Bengal, India.’

In every case put ‘ English Presbyterian Mission ’ after the missionary’s name. Letters, 2 IcZ. for the first ounce, and 1 \d. for each ounce afterwards, to China and Formosa ; \\d. for the first ounce, and Id. for each ounce afterwards, to Singapore and India.

OUR MISSION FIELDS.

The Amoy Field.

Centres : Amoy, Chinchew, Changpu, Yungchun.

The Synod of Amoy has three Presbyteries.

There are 25 Fastorates and 82 stations in association with our Mission, besides those associated with the American Reformed Mission.

The Swatow Field.

Centres: Swatow, Chaochowfu, Swabue.

1 Mrs. J. L. Maxwell, Mrs. Gushue-Taylor (Tainan) and Mrs. Lamb (Changpu) are certificated nurses. These ladies give invaluable expert help in the medical work of their centres. Muoh help in Girls’ and Women’s Schools, and in visiting in the hospitals and at country stations, is given by the other missionaries’ wives.

14

The Hakka Field.

Centres: Wukingfu, Samhopa, Shanghang.

The Synod of Chao Hwei has two Presbyteries, S'watow and Wukingfu, with 19 Pastorates and 49 other stations under the former, and 4 Pastorates and 51 stations under the latter.

Formosa.

Centres: Tainan, Shoka.

The Synod of Formosa has two Presbyteries, one in the field of the Canadian Presbyterian Mission, and one, the Presbytery of Tainan, in our field. The latter has 8 Pastorates and a total of 106 stations.

Singapore.

Centre : Singapore.

The Presbytery of Singapore has two Pastorates and 13 stations.

India.

Centres: Eampore Boalia and Naogaon.

Rampore Boalia has two out-stations.

Our Mission is included within the Presbytery of Calcutta, Presby- terian Church of India.

GROWTH OF MEMBERSHIP : — 1917-18.

	Amoy	Swatow («)	Hakka-	Formosa	Singa-	Rajshahi
	land	pore	Rampore Boalia	Nao- gaon
\| Communicants, 1917	2,887	4,329	1,505	4,726	496	31	20
i Adult Baptisms during the year Received to Communion (Bap-	135	185	54	248	24	3	—
tised in Infancy)	32	36	10	61	5	15	—
Received by Certificate ..	71	61	12	2	131	4	—
Restored to Communion...	1	1	1	23	—	—	—
Total Received	239	283	77	334	160	22	—
i Deaths	53	99	31	141	—	3	—
Gone elsewhere Suspended or moved from the	59	67	59	13	80	—
Roll	4	8	11	23	—	—	—
Net Increase	123	109	24 decrease	157	80	19
Communicants, 1918	3,010	4,438	1,481	4,883	576	50	20
Members under Suspension	186	195	112	243	—	--	—
Children Baptised during the year	112	252	68	292	54	4	—
Baptised Children, 1918 Total Membership —	2,031	3,340	1,024	4,924	478	35	11
Adults & Children	5,227	7,973	2,617	10,050	1,053	85	31
Inquirers ...	1,853	—	—	—		—	—

(a) No return ; previous year’s figures repeated.

The Mission Hospitals , November 1, 1917, to October 31, 1918.

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