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XM- PROCAMBARUS, A NEW SUBGENUS OF THE
GENUS CAMBARUS.
By A. E. Ortmann, PH.D.
In a paper just published ( Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., vol. 44, 1905,
p- 91), the present writer has divided the genus Caméaris into four
subgenera: Cambarus (sens. strict.), Cambarellus, Faxonius, and Bar-
tonius. The first of these (Caméarus) is framed to receive the first
and second group of this genus, as distinguished by Faxon (excluding
C. pellucidus, which I refer to Laxonius).
In the paper referred to (p. 99), the writer has indicated, that the
association of Faxon’s first and second group into one subgenus might
possibly not be entirely correct, but, that a division according to the
number of legs which possess hooks on the ischiopodite, as introduced
by Faxon, does not exactly correspond to the natural affinities. He
also pointed out, that possibly the shape of the copulatory organs of
the males of certain Mexican and Cuban species is more important in
this respect.
The Carnegie Museum has lately purchased from Professor J. S.
Hine, Columbus, O., a number of specimens of a new species of Cam-
barus from Guatemala (Acc. No. 2778; Cat. Nos. 74,560 and 74,561),
belonging in this group, which, in the paper referred to, has been
designated as the dgueti-group (of the section of C. dgweti), con-
taining hitherto three species (digueti, mexicanus, cubensis). An
examination of the copulatory organs of this new form, and their com-
parison with the figures of these organs of C. carinatus, = digueti and
cubensis, with the description of these organs in C. mexicanus, and
with a male cotype of C. digueti, kindly presented by Professor E.
Bouvier, of Paris, has led to the conclusion, that all these species, as
well as the new one to be described herein, possess a type of male
copulatory organs, which is quite peculiar, and differs considerably
from that seen in other species of the subgenus Camdbarus (type: C.
blanding? ).
The description of this organ, as given by Faxon for his first and
second groups, and by the present writer for the subgenus Caméarus,
does not apply at all to these Central American and Cuban species.
4355
43 ANNALS OF THE CARNEGIE MUSEUM.
An attempt has been made, in the paper referred to, to also include
these forms in Caméarus, but, as is now evident, this is impossible.
The material at hand when the paper was written was too poor (only
one male of the second form of C. digweti) to decide the question
and, moreover, the description of these organs in C. mexicanus was
not well understood, since no figure had been published.
However, Faxon’s description of the male organs of C. mexzcanus
suddenly became clear to me when I compared it with the new species,
and plainly these organs in these two species are very similar. Since
good figures of those of the other two species have been published, it
is now possible to give a correct account of these organs, and to point
out their chief peculiarities.
Faxon’s description of the male copulatory organs in his first and
second group is as follows: ‘‘ Outer part truncate at the tip, and fur-
nished with one to three small recurved teeth ; inner part terminated by
a short acute spine, which ts generally directed outward.”
For the subgenus Cambarus, I have given the following characters
of the male organs: ‘* Sexwal organs of male stout, more or less straight,
and comparatively short, truncated or blunt at the tip, the outer part
ending in one to three horny teeth, which are sometimes recurved, or
compressed, or plate-like, and are always sharply distinguishable by means
of the blunt end. Inner part terminated by a shorter or longer acute
spine, which 1s sometimes distinct from the tip of this part, so that it
appears two-pointed.”’
This latter description was framed with the desire to make it fit the
species of the dgwefi-group ; but it neglects the fact, that in these
species the outer part of the male organs does not possess any horny
teeth, as is generally the case in species of the type of d/andingz. In
the species of the d@gweti-group, it is the zzwer part that possesses, in
the male of the first form, a single horny spine, which has a variable
position in the different species, but is always highly characteristic for
one and the same species. It has taken me some time to ascertain
this fact; indeed, I admit that I may be mistaken in so far as that
there is a remote possibility that this horny spine belongs to the outer
part, since in the new species to be described here, its position is just
at the point where the two parts (inner and outer) become distinguish-
able at the anterior margin of the organ; but after examining the con-
‘dition rn second form males of the new species and of C. dguwe/7, I feel
rather sure that this accessory tip, which is not horny and spiniform
PrROCAMBARUS, A NEW SUBGENUS. 437
in this case, but tuberculiform, belongs to the inner part. (Compare
also Faxon’s figure of C. carinatus = digueti, Proc. U.S. Mus. 20,
T5q5; ple 63, f..2%)
Thus this organ is fundamentally different from that of the subgenus
Cambarus as represented by its type (C. d/andingz), and, moreover,
it possesses at its anterior margin, not far from the tip, a peculiar
angular projection, which I have called the ‘‘shoulder.’’ Such a
shoulder is found in a few cases in other species belonging to the sub-
genus Cambarus (C. clarki and troglodytes), and in numerous species
of the subgenus Faxonius (section of C. propinguus); Dut here it
always has a different position, being quite remote from the tip of this
organ.
Thus I think we are justified in emphasizing this peculiar feature of
the male organs by creating for it a separate subgenus, for which the
name Procambarus is proposed, and we consequently have now jive
subgenera within the genus. The diagnoses of the two first are as
follows.
Procambarus subgen. nov.
Sexual organs of male stout, more or less straight and comparatively
short, rather blunt at the end, but not truncate. The two parts in
[a close épposition up to the tips. The outer one ending bluntly, with-
out horny teeth ; the inner one being more or less similar to the outer
one, but possessing in various positions one horny spine. Anterior
margin with a shoulder near the tips. In the male the third pereiopods
have hooks.
Species: diguett, zeilliamsont, mexicanus, cubensis.
Cambarus (Ortmann sews. restrict).
Sexual organs of male stout, more or less straight and comparatively
short, very blunt, or truncated at the end. The two parts in close
[a épposition, with exception of the terminal spines. The outer part
ending in one to three horny teeth, which are often recurved, or com-
pressed, or plate-like, being sharply distinguishable from the blunt
end. Inner part terminated by a shorter, or longer, acute spine. A
shoulder on the anterior margin is rarely present, and it is, if present,
quite remote from the tip. In the male the third, or the third and
fourth, pereiopods have hooks.
The diagnoses of the other three subgenera: Cambarellus, Faxonius,
Bartonius, do not require any change.
438 ANNALS OF THE CARNEGIE MUSEUM.
Thus, from my subgenus Camébarus, certain species are removed as
the subgenus Procambarus, which would belong to Faxon’s second
group: but not the whole of Faxon’s second group belongs to Pro-
cambarus, since the other species, which I have designated (7. c.) as
the szmu/ans-group and the section of C. graczlis, possess sexual
organs that entirely correspond to those of the section of C. d/anding?.
In the subgenus Caméarus, consequently, three sections remain :
Section of C. simulans :
Male with hooks on third pereiopods. Areola rather narrow, but
never obliterated in the middle, slightly longer than half of the ante-
rior section of the carapace. Chelze elongated and subcylindrical.
Species: s¢mulans, gallinas.
Section of C. gracilis :
Male with hooks on third pereiopods. Areola obliterated in the
middle, considerably longer than half of the anterior section of cara-
pace. Chelz short, broad, ovate.
Species: gracilis, hagenianus, advena.
Section of C. blandingi :
Male with hooks on third and fourth pereiopods. Areola wide, or
narrow, rarely obliterated in the middle, shorter, or longer. Chelz
generally elongated, narrow and subcylindrical.
Divided into four groups, containing together about 15 species.
The species of the subgenus Procambarus are easily distinguished
by the following characters :
;- Inner face of male sexual organs flattened, but not broadly dilated.
6,. Sexual organs of male slightly curved backward at apex ; horny spine of
inner part straight, situated posterior to the tip of the outer part. Rostrum
carinated above. Carapace with one lateral spine on each side.
C. ( Procambarus) digueti Bouvier.
a
1°
6,. Sexual organs of male straight; horny spine of inner part curved, situated
anterior to the tip of outer part. Rostrum not carinated above.
Rostrum with marginal spines. Carapace with two lateral spines on
each side. C. ( Procambarus) williamson? spec. nov.
Cy.
Rostrum without marginal spines. Carapace without marginal spines.
C. (Procambarus) mexicanus Erichson,
Co .
a,. Inner face of male sexual organs flattened and greatly dilated, forming a broad,
flat, setose plate. Rostrum not carinated, with marginal spines. Carapace
without lateral spines. C. ( Procambarus) cubensis Erichson.
PROCAMBARUS, A NEW SUBGENUS. 439
DESCRIPTION OF NEW SPECIES.
CAMBARUS (PROCAMBARUS) WILLIAMSONI spec. nov.
Diagnosis. — Male sexual organs with the outer part blunt, the
inner slightly longer than the outer, narrower, but blunt ; in the first
form with a horny, procurved spine at the anterior margin, which is
represented by a blunt tubercle in the male of the second form. The
inner face of inner part slightly dilated and flattened, with two rows
of bristles diverging from a low oblique rib. Rostrum with distinct
lateral spines, acumen short ; its upper surface subplane, without keel.
Sides of carapace granulated, with two spines on each side behind the
cervical groove. Areola very narrow, about half as long as the anterior
section of the carapace. Chel long, subcylindrical, thickly squamoso-
granulated, the granulations larger on inner side of the carpopodite
and hand, only in young specimens with an indistinct spine. Finger
shorter than the palm. ‘Third pair of pereiopods with hooks in the
male.
Description of Male of First Form. — Rostrum subplane, without
median keel, margins slightly elevated, convergent, with a distinct
lateral spine on each side a short distance from the tip. Acumen
short, triangular, with a fringe of stiff hairs. Postorbital ridges
divergent posteriorly, ending in a small spine anteriorly. Carapace
laterally compressed, suborbital angle rounded. Branchiostegal spine
distinct. Sides of carapace finely, but distinctly granulated; two
sharp lateral spines on each side behind the crevical groove.