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1914-15
1762903
REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 1833 01085 7990
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
Bangor Historical. Society
1914-1915
BANGOR, MAINE 1916
F Bangor historical society, Bangor, Ml
84107 Proceedings. 1914/] 915
• 105 Bangor, ^le., 191G
; V. plates. 2A\"°.
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1762903
1. Bangor, Me.— Hist.— Societies.
Library
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CONTENTS
Secretary's Report for 1914 . . . . .5
Library and Cabinet Report for 1914 . . . 8
Secretary's Report for 1915 . . . . .10
Librarian and Cabinet Keeper's Report for 1915 . . 16
"Ktaadn" by Prof. Lucius H. Merrill ... 19
"Mt. Katahdin as a National Park" by Hon. F. E. Guernsey . 31 "Aboriginal Axes of the Penobscot" by Walter B. Smith 34 "A Bell" by James H. Crosby .... 42
"Peter Edes and the DeBurians" by Wilfrid A. Hennessy 45 "The First Bangor City Hall'' by Harry J. Chapman, Esq. . 51 Old City Hall Song by Elnathan Freeman Duren . . 57 Donations, April 30, 1911 to Dec. 31, 1915 . . .58
Loans, 1911-1916 84
Officers 1916 85
New Members, July 1, 1914 to April 4, 1916 . . .86
Bangor Co-Opeeative Printing Compant
ILLUSTRATIONS
\ vv of Ktaa(iu from the West Branch of the Penobscot.
Eu. uid We. t Pe^ks of Ktaadn.
Ma|) uS iMaudn.
Splitting Axe.
C' tting Axe.
CuUing Axe Worn by Much Use.
Crooked Axe.
Notched Axe.
The Beginning of an Axe.
Paul Revere Bell.
The Peter Edes Press.
Bangor's Old City Hall.
SECRETARY'S REPORT FOR 1914
— BY —
EDWARD MITCHELL BLANDING, Secretary Presented at the Annual Meeting, January 5th, 1915
Since last we met in annual meeting in the lecture hall of this attractive building the Bangor Historical Society has had a notable year, perhaps the most eventful in its history.
On the afternoon of April 8th the society observed with appropriate exercises its fiftieth anniversary, the program in- cluding a prayer by Rev. Alva Roy Scott, introductory address by President Lord, historical address by Secretary Blanding, personal reminiscences by Ex-Secretary Duren, and addresses by Ex-Secretary Fellows, Treasurer Coe, Dr. Mason, Gen. Farnham, Mrs. Eckstorm and Hon. John Francis Sprague. The occasion was particularly notable because of the presence of two ch^irter members, Charles S. Fellows and Elnathan Freeman Duren, both of them chosen Secretary in 1864.
The bc>ciety has been favored during the year with notable addresses, among them being an illustrated talk by Prof. Warren K. Moorehead, of Andover, Mass., on "Archaeological Research- es in Maine," this occurring in the assembly hall of Bangor High School on the evening of April 8th; address by Charles A. Flagg of the Public Library on "Suggestions for Consideration of the Society on New Lines of Activity" on the afternoon of October 8th in the lecture hall of the Public Library; and at the same time and place an address by Walter B. Smith on "Evidences of Occupation of Penobscot Valley by Three Distinct Qroups of Pre-historic Men."
During the open season two field days were observed, August 4th, and September 3d. On the former occasion the members, after a short business session at the Public Library, adjourned to West Market Square where they took the Old Town trolley cars. The party disembarked at the Red Bridge where were inspected places of historic interest around the mouth of the
Bangor Historical Society
Penjejawock. From there the party continued to the site of historic Fort Hill above Mount Hope in the town of Veazie. Mr. Herbert G. Flanders, a member of the Bangor Historical Society who has given much time to archaeological investiga- tions in this vicinity, accompanied the party and pointed out objects of historic interest. Our second field day was on the centennial anniversary of the Battle of Hampden — Sept. 3d — and with Herbert G. Flanders as guide many objects of historic interest were pointed out. On the spacious veranda of the Conduskeag Canoe and Country Clubhouse Mr. Flanders im- parted much interesting information regarding the historic battle and an entertaining feature of the afternoon was an im- promptu address by Mrs. Fannie Hardy Eckstorm. Both of these field days were participated in by many members and proved enjoyable to all.
The society for the first time in its history has issued a publication and the anniversary proceedings have been pub- lished in an attractive book of one hundred pages. This has been distributed not only among the members but among historical societies generally throughout the country. Highly gratifying have been the responses and already a numerous array of volumes issued by other historical societies have come to hand with promises of many more in the future.
A notable feature of the society's activities has been the collecting of historical exhibits. With a splendid room for the purpose and superb cases in which to display objects of historic interest there has been acquired through the generous coopera- tion of friends a multiplicity of exceedingly interesting and valuable souvenirs of Bangor's early days. In the conflagra- tion of April 30th, 1911, the Bangor Historical Society lost priceless treasures and yet already we have a splendid nucleus for a collection larger and more valuable than that which vanished on that fateful day.
During the year there have been important accessions to our membership and a cordial invitation is extended to all interested in the objects of the society to join. There have been some breaks in our ranks, the necrological roll including Charles E. Bliss, Henry G. Thompson, Charles I. Collamore and Elmer F. Pember. Mr. Bliss was long prominently
Secretary's Report for 1914
ciated with the Western Union Telegraph Company and later for many years was Bangor's Postmaster; he took a deep interest in this society and for seven years was Vice President, holding this position at the time of his decease. Mr. Thompson was active in municipal affairs, having served as alderman and for some years building inspector, and likewise associated with the Grand Army. Mr. Collamore in his earlier years was associated with telegraphy but during the later years was con- nected with the New England Telephone and Telegraph Com- pany. Mr. Pember for many years was active in the ministry, but during recent years has given attention to real estate and farming.
The new year upon which we are entering offers many oppor- tunities for usefulness. The officers contribute liberally in time and labor and with cooperation on the part of members the Bangor Historical Society should not only maintain but still further advance the honorable record made during its existence of a half century.
Respectfully submitted,
Edward Mitchell Blandinq,
Secretary.
Bangor, Maine, Jan. 5, 1915.
LIBRARY AND CABINET 1914
—BY —
CHARLES A. FLAGG, Chairman Special Conunittee Presented at the Annual Meeting, January 5th, 1915
The installation of our new museum cases in June 1914, brought to the front the matter of the classification, recording and arrangement of our collections, both prmted matter and historical material.
The librarian and cabinet-keeper finding it physically im- possible to give the matter the time and attention needed, the executive committee appointed early in 1914 a special committee consisting of C. A. Flagg, W. C. Mason and E. M. Blanding.
There was on hand 1st, three trunks of miscellaneous material accumulated at the Court House; 2d, the Moorehead col- lection of Indian antiquities; 3d, accumulations in the Library vault gathered since new building was occupied, and 4th many gifts entrusted to individual members of the Society until a place should be provided.
All this has been assembled and separated into the two main classes : I, Cabinet material, such as historic objects, autographs, pictures, coins, broadsides, etc. II, Books and pamphlets.
All the cabinet material has been recorded in a special book, numbered and displayed in the cases or filed in the drawers below them, or, in case of a few larger pieces, placed elsewhere in the room. One single exception is the collection of Civil war relics, shells, etc., given by Gen. J. S. Smith, which is stored in the basement awaiting a special case for its exhibition.
The books and pamphlets have been arranged and are being recorded in an ordinary accession book and are assigned a special section of the lower floor of the Library stack.
We have adopted a form of label for the articles exhibited, a very neat and simple book-plate and a brief and dignified print- ed acknowledgment for gifts, bearing the Society seal, which was drawn up by a special committee.
Library and Cabinet 1914
In addition to our own property we have had several special loan collections, either permanent or temporary. Most notable of these is the Herbert G. Flanders collection which occupies one-third of the case at left of entrance of the History and Fine Arts Room. This is a permanent loan. The same may be said of certain historical material belonging to the Bangor Public Library. Mr. Frank C. Bowler of Millinocket has given an indefinite loan of some interesting Revolutionary material, and Mr. W. H. Jarvis of Brewer had an exhibit of ancient jewelry and china for several weeks in the fall.
Just now for about two weeks we have a special exhibit in commemoration of the War of 1812 and the Treaty of Ghent which brought it to a close. This occupies two-thirds of the left hand case. For the autographs shown we are indebted to Mr. Howard Corning who has loaned from his extensive collection such as illustrated this subject.
Charles A. Flagg.
Bangor, Jan. 5, 1915.
SECRETARY'S REPORT FOR 1915
-BY-
EDWARD MITCHELL BLANDING, Secretary Presented at the Annual Meeting, January 4th, 1916
The Bangor Historical Society has during the past year very considerably increased its membership, fifty-one members having been added to the roll. Further additions are expected at this meeting, and a cordial invitation is extended to all interested in the objects of the organization to come into affiliation with the Bangor Historical Society.
There have been during the year that is gone three deaths, Prott.sbor Charles J. H. Ropes, Mrs. Lucia M. Stearns and Colonel Frank D. Pullen. Mrs. Stearns was the widow of the late Ezra L. Sterns and passed away in her apartments at The Colonial wit luu a few months of her admission to membership in the Soiiety. Charles Joseph Hardy Ropes was born in St. Petersburg, now Petrograd, Russia, in 1851, where his father was United States consul. After graduation from Andover Theological Seminary in 1875, and after continuing advanced studies at Andover and at Union Theological Seminary, New York, he assumed the pastorate of the Congregational Church in Ellsworth and remained there until 1881 when he was called to a professorship in Bangor Theological Seminary. He con- tinued in that position until 1905 when, after a severe illness, he withdrew from the work of instruction and assumed charge of the Seminary library, continuing in the capacity of librarian until his decease, January 5, 1915. He was a profoimd scholar, an able preacher, an eminent theologian and a writer of marked ability. The Professor had been a member of the Bangor Historical Society since 1894.
The sudden death on the night of October 24 of Colonel Frank D. Pullen was a distinct shock to the community. The Colonel's friends were legion, and long will he be missed. At the time of his decease he was deputy collector of customs and
Secretary's Report for 1915 11
had only recently moved into the new and spacious quarters in the handsome federal building. Colonel Pullen was greatly interested in historical matters and had been a member of the Bangor Historical Society since 1907. He served most efficient- ly with General Augustus B. Farnham and Librarian Charles A. Flagg on the committee to secure a new historical cabinet in the basement of the Bangor Public Library^ and he also was one of the most zealous and active members of the committee under whose auspices were held the highly successful Historical Field Days at Castine in mid-July.
The year just passed was one of the most active in the history of the organization. At the annual meeting in January last a most interesting feature of the program was an address by Mrs. Fannie Hardy Eckstorm on "The Fight at Lovewell's Pond." The talented speaker held the closest attention of the audience and her highly interesting and instructive address was greeted with enthusiastic applause. Mrs. Eckstorm re- cited in a most interesting manner several ballads pertaining to this historic fight.
On April 6, the Society held its quarterly meeting, a notable feature being an address by Professor Lucius H. Merrill of the University of Maine on "Mt. Ktaadn." This was an ex- ceedingly instructive and highly entertaining address and was followed with remarks by Hon. Frank E. Guernsey of Dover, the congressman from the Fourth Congressional District, and who was present by invitation. The Congressman spoke eloquently of his efforts to urge Congress to make a national reservation of Mt. Katahdin. Walter B. Smith, a member of our Society, talked very interestingly on "Aboriginal Axes of the Penobscot" and gave a most interesting exhibition of oldtime axes found by him in this vicinity.
On May 4, the Society again met and adopted important resolutions endorsing the efforts of Congressman Guernsey to make of Mt. Katahdin a forest preserve and national park.
On October 19, the Society held in the Lecture Hall at the Public Library an extremely interesting session, this taking place in the evening. The opening address was the presentation of an interesting paper by James H. Crosby on "A Historic Bell," it being descriptive of the Paul Revere bell installed at
12 Bangor Historical Society
the First Congregational Church which was destroyed in the conflagration of 1911. The year 1915 was the one-hundredth anniversary of the installation of this bell, and a large fragment rescued from the ruins now reposes in the collection of the Bangor Historical Society. The year 1915 was also the one- hundredth anniversary of the death of Captain Charles Ham- mond, one of the most prominent of Bangor's early citizens, and Secretary Blanding read a tribute to his memory written many years ago by Deacon George A. Thatcher, a former vice president of the Bangor Historical Society.
The closing address of the evening was by Wilfrid A. Hennessy on "Peter Edes and the DeBurians," and this was a most interesting feature of the evening, especially so as 1915 was the centennial anniversary of the inauguration in Bangor by Peter Edes of the newspaper, The Bangor Weekly Register.
The Historical Field Days held at Castine ip mid-July under the auspices of the Bangor Historical Society and with the co- operation of the Piscataquis County Historical Society and the Castine Board of Trade were highly enjoyable and will long be remembered by all participatmg. The dates were Wednesday and Thursday, July 14 and 15, and the weather was quite satisfactory, which is considerable to say for a summer character- ized by unusual rainfall and disagreeable conditions generally. In the forenoon of the first day a delegation composed of Presi- dent Sprague, Secretary Smith and other representatives of the Piscataquis Society came to Bangor and were met by a committee of the Bangor Society, opportunity being given the visitors to inspect the new Federal Building and likewise to visit the Bangor Public Library where the treasures of the Historical Society were shown. In the early afternoon the party boarded the steamer Castine and sailed down the pictur- esque Penobscot, reaching Castine after a delightful sail, in the late afternoon. Excellent accommodations were provided the party at The Acadian, Manager Walker's attractive and commodious hotel being the general headquarters for the historical excursionists. In the evening, public exercises were held in the Emerson Memorial Town Hall which was filled with a large and representative audience. President W. H. Hooper of the Castine Board of Trade called the assemblage to order
Secretary's Report for 1915 13
and introduced Hon. W. A. Walker of Castine who in graceful and eloquent words cordially welcomed the visitors to Castine. Upon the conclusion of the address of welcome by Senator Walker, Hon. Henry Lord, president of the Bangor Historical Society, responded earnestly and in most fitting language. Hon. John Francis Sprague of Dover, president of the Pis- cataquis County Historical Society, responded for the Pis- cataquis visitors, his address being most interesting and replete with valuable information. Edward M. Blanding, secretary of the Bangor Historical Society, read messages of regret from Rev. Henry S. Burrage of Kennebunkport, State Librarian, and Hon. James Phinney Baxter of Portland, president of the Maine Historical Society. In response to calls, President Lord introduced Congressman Guernsey who made brief and appropriate remarks, and William Castein Mason, M. D., chairman of the Bangor Historical Society's Executive Com- mittee, made exceedingly interesting references to Castine. His father, the late Dr. John Mason, was born in Castine, and his grandfather, Rev. William Mason, was for many years pastor of the historic Unitarian Church in Castine. The next speaker was Charles W. Noyes of New York and a native of Castine, his topic being "Fort Pentagoet and the Early Be- ginnings at Castine. This was a most earnest and vivid por- trayal of the early history of this picturesque town, and upon its conclusion Dr. George A. Wheeler, for long years a resident of Castine, discoursed instructively on "Castine in the Revolution- ary Period and During the War of 1812."
On the second day, the officials and members of the Castine Board of Trade gave the visiting historians an enjoyable auto ride during the forenoon, affording an admirable opportunity to inspect under the most favorable circumstances the many historic sights in and about Castine. Historians Noyes and Wheeler were on hand, and myriad interesting features were outlined and explained. Castine is fortunate in havipg its historic spots all marked, and with fifty-five tablets and twenty- nine markers its wonderful historic story leaves a strong imprint on the mind. During the closing hours of the forenoon the party visited the Witherle Public Library, and later called at the Colonial home of Miss Witherle and the attractive home
14 Bangor Historical Society
on Pleasant street of Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Noyes. In the afternoon the party proceeded in boats across the bay to the Brooksville shore where Professor Warren K. Moorehead of the Department of Archaeology of Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass., had been carrying on most interesting shell heap in- vestigations. Since the Castine meeting the professor has favored our Society with numerous treasures secured among the Indian shell heaps in and about Castine.
On the evening of the second day, in the historic Unitarian Clurcli, was held the final meeting. President Hooper of the ( . , . • Boiiid of Trade opened the exercises and introduced Hon. John i : wicis Sprague who presided throughout the evening. The optimig address was by Mrs. Louise Wheeler Bartlett, her subject being "The Taverns, Stage Drivers and Newspapers of Castine." The talented speaker was warmly applauded. Profeb.-or Warren K. Morehead of Andover then spoke on "The Pre-Ct'i Mial luilian," and the distinguished speaker was never heard t.. ; t! r ;.awiutage than on this occasion. Charles W. Noye:-, 1,'. ! i-iioii, followed in a highly instructive address I'D ''Lin J)uuli .1,1 Castine," and the exercises of the evening rJw.NCi! with ;in addn^ss by Edward M. Blanding of Bangor on "Maine 1920." ']1ie visiting historians did not all return at the same time but a considerable delegation remained till the morning of the third day, returning on the same steamer Castine on which they made the down river trip. A goodly number made the round trip by automobile.
Tlie season's uctivitits have not, however, been confined to public n.( » iii.^s and the midsummer outing for throughout the year a vni'-ruus cunipaign has been in progress to add to the society's historical treasures. Many and valuable donations ii..,i been made to the collection of curios and important accesriions have been made in books, pamphlets and periodicals to the society's library. We are under very particular obliga- tions to Mr. Charles A. Flagg who has contributed freely of his time and labor In labelling, classifying and properly dis- playing the historical exhibits, and suitably preserving our library treasures. Less than five years have elapsed since the destruction in the conflagration of 1911 of the valued treasures collected by the Bangor Historical Society during its first half
Secretary's Report for 1915 15
century but through the co-operation of friends we have already gathered together an historical exhibit in many particulars superior to that which is gone, and with a continuance of the kindly offices of interested friends our society will have a col- lection of which Bangor may well be proud and which will make the Historical Room at the Bangor Public Library one of the city's most notable attractions. In recognition of her long and valued services Mrs. Mary H. Curran was at the annual meet- ing one year ago elected Librarian and Cabinet Keeper Emeri- tus.
Thfe Bangor Historical Society shortly after its fiftieth anni- versa'ry brought out in pamphlet form an elaborate publication containing the detailed proceedings of the golden anniversary and including also a list of the society's treasures destroyed in Bangor's conflagration. Another volume is soon to be issued and this will contain a list of donations received since the fire, together with several of the addresses given before the society during the past two years. Although this publication will be somewhat expensive it will be supplied to the members without cost. ■ '
Upon the threshold of the new j^ear it is to be remembered that 1916 is rich in historical associations for it was one hun- dred years ago next month that the act establishing Penobscot County passed the Massachusetts Legislature, and in the autumn the centennial anniversary of the Bangor Theological Seminary will be fittingly observed. A most interesting event in November last was the newspaper banquet at the Bangor House commemorative of the one hundredth anniversary of the establishing by Peter Edes of Bangor's first newspaper, the Weekly Register, and preliminary steps have been taken looking to the presentation of a Pageant of the Penobscot Valley in 1917.
Respectfully submitted,
Edward Mitchell Blanding,
Secretary.
Bangor, Maine, Jan. 4, 1916.
LIBRARY AND CABINET 1915
— BY —
CHARLES A. FLAGG, Librarian and Cabinet Keeper Presented at the Annual Meeting, January 4th, 1916
Large as were our accessions in 1914, those of the past year have been still larger. All have been recorded, and beginning with Jan. 1915, each donor has had a formal acknowledgment signed by president and librarian. We have just lately finished the recording of all the Society's collections received since the fire of 1911.
The Library accession book contains the printed material: books, pamphlets, magazines, newspapers, leaflets, broadsides, etc., except such printed matter as, on account of form or rarity, more properly belongs to the cabinet. The other, or Cabinet, accession book contains the Society's other possessions: historical and archaeological relics, coins, manuscripts, maps, pictures, etc.
The Library today contains 3204 pieces including a number of historical works not owned by the Bangor Public Library. Only a beginning has been made in the arrangement of this material, but the close of 1916 should see it all in order and available for use.
The last specimen added to the Cabinet bore the number 924, but that number is misleading as it was necessary to leave large blocks of numbers blank to provide for early gifts, not yet in hand when we began to record the later ones. The Cabinet actually contains 683 numbers. And even this gives no ade- quate idea of the extent of our museum, many numbers cover- ing a considerable group of pieces, as coins, arrowheads, pictures et cetera.
The completion of the large case on the lower floor within the last few weeks has provided a place for the General Smith col- lection and also for sundry other large objects, previously stored. The metal cases in the History and Fine Arts Room are so nearly
Library and Cabinet 1915 17
full that in event of any considerable addition it becomes neces- sary to withdraw some older exhibits. Experience has shown that these cases are not well adapted for large sheets, such as maps, manuscripts and the like. I hope the future may bring us one or two other cases specially planned for that purpose, and so constructed that additions and withdrawals will be more easily and quickly made than in the two cases we have. The latter can then be reserved for the permanent exhibits exclusive- ly, as intended.
In Oct. 1914, Gen. Joseph S. Smith gave to the Society a most unusual and interesting collection of Civil War relics. It consists primarily of a sample of all the various kinds of pro- jectiles fired by the Confederate artillery during the war; or at least as many varieties as were used around Petersburg during the siege of 1864-65. Gen. Smith, at that time an officer in the besieging force, had his orderly gather up one or more of every sort of shot and shell that fell, to be boxed up and sent home to Bath. Various other articles were added, such as small arms captured on various fields of battle, ammunition cases of the sort used in supplying infantry on the firing line, the General's own saddle and medicine case, etc. The entire collection was later brought to this city and remained in the General's home on State Street till given to the Society.
On Feb. 1, 1915, the Executive Committee appointed a special committee consisting of Gen. A. B. Farnham, Col. F. D. Pullen and C. A. Flagg to provide a suitable case.
At its first meeting the Committee decided that collections and objects too large for the cases in the History Room were accumulating so fast that it was advisable to provide not merely for the Smith collection but for other gifts already here or likely to come in the near future — especially those of military charac- ter. It further seemed proper in view of the Society's lack of endowment and funds, and the public character of its purposes, to ask the City government to make a grant to help us.
A petition was dra^vn up and presented by Alderman Youngs, resulting in a resolve to appropriate $100, which became avail- able in November. Meanwhile a rough plan of a case was made and bids were invited, after discussion with members of the Board of Managers of the Library had developed that
18 Bangor Historical Society
the present location was the only one available for the pur- pose. The case, of oak and plate glass, with certain fittings, etc., cost us about $150, the balance, $50, being made up by individual subscriptions from our members.
Col. Pullen, to whose zeal and practical helpfulness we are all deeply indebted, gave here his last service to the Society. Mr. E. M. Blanding was appointed as his successor, and has been particularly active in securing the necessary subscriptions.
The only part of the cabinet work now behind hand is the labeling of a part of the contents of the new case on the lower floor. As soon as all departments of the work are up to date the Society should make an annual appropriation for the repair, restoration and binding of such of its collections as require attention.
The one need of today is the installation of two or three
electric lights in the ceiling of the new case.
Respectfully submitted,
Charles A. Flagg. Bangor, Jan. 4, 1916.
KTAADN
PROFESSOR LUCIUS H. MERRILL Delivered at the Quarterly Meeting, April 6th, 191S
It may be asserted that every state in the Union possesses some natural attraction more or less peculiar to itself. Our own State is no exception to this rule. The beauties of our rugged coast bring us thousands of visitors each year, while our forests, lakes, and streams are never-failing attractions. But Maine possesses another attraction, more distinctive still, well-known, indeed, to the lumberman and hunter of central Maine, but practically unknown to the greater mass of our citizens and therefore scantily appreciated — our one great mountain, Ktaadn.
Ktaadn's chief claim upon our attention is not its altitude, which is over one thousand feet less than that of Mount Wash- ington. It consists rather in its isolation, its abrupt slopes, the sharpness of its curved crest, its remarkable basins, its slides and the magnificent views to be had from its summit of lakes, rivers, and wooded plains to the south, and the rugged hills to the north and west.
The mountain is not, as sometimes pictured, a single peak, although it may appear as such when viewed from certain standpoints. On the contrary, it consists of a huge mass of granite, some ten miles in length from north to south, and pre- senting no less than five named summits and several lesser peaks. The configuration of the mountain is peculiar and difficult to describe without a diagram. The ridge or crest, which may be considered as the backbone of the mountain, is doubly crescentic, its outline suggesting a written capital E, the two concavities opening to the north and east. These enclosures are known as the North and South Basins, the latter being by far the larger and more impressive.
The First and Second North Peaks mark the western boun-
20 Bangor Historical Society
dary of the North Basin. They are several hundred feet lower than the more southern summits and require no special mention. The highest point, known as West Peak, lies about midway of the curved crest surrounding the South Basin. The first ascent of the mountain of which we have record was made in 1804, and the elevation of this peak was then estimated at not less than 10,000 feet. In 1820, during the investigations incident to the settlement of the northwestern boundary dispute, Loring and Odell, representing respectively the United States and Great Britain, from a series of barometrical observations calcula- ted the height as 4685 feet above the waters of the West Branch of the Penobscot at the mouth of the Aboljackarmegus, which latter level they estimated at 650 feet. This would give a total elevation of 5335 feet. In 1873 and again in 1874 Dr. M. C. Fernald carried a mercury barometer to the summit and by comparative readings computed the elevation at 5216 feet. Dr. Fernald afterward made two more determinations of the height of the mountain, concerning which he has recently written:
"I find two determinations made later with the Repsold vertical circle which I regard as more nearly accurate than those given by the barometrical observations. The first was made in November, 1878, with Orono, Houlton and Katahdin the three points involved in the triangulation, and Orono the station at which the readings of angular altitude were obtained. The second was made in October, 1884, with Lincoln, Orono, and Katahdin the three points in the spherical triangle, and Lincoln the station at which the angular altitude of the summit of the mountain was secured.
"The observations of 1878 reduced, gave the height of the mountain at the base of the monument 5248 feet, and the observation of 1884 reduced, gave the altitude 5272 feet. Re- garding the observations as of equal weight and averaging the figures, we have 5260 feet as the result of these two sets of ob- servations. From later determinations made by other parties and by other methods, I am satisfied that this result is very nearly accurate."
More recently, a party under the direction of Professor H. S. Boardman, by a triangulation and traverse survey, estimated
Ktaadn 21
the height at 5273 feet. ' It will be seen that Professor Board- man's figures differ from the average of Dr. Fernald's later work by only thirteen feet, a fact that would indicate that the latter's conclusion as to accuracy is amply justified. It is interesting to note that Dr. Fernald's latest figures and those of Professor Boardman differ by a single foot and lack but seven or eight feet of a mile. By mounting one of the three stone heaps or "monuments" which mark the summit, the ambitious visitor can boast that he stands a good mile above sea level and that the whole population of Maine is below him.
About one-third of a mile to the east of the highest summit is East Peak, eighteen feet lower than the first. The elevation of these two points is so nearly the same that the unaided eye is unable to decide which is the higher. By a curious optical delusion, the point on which the observer stands always seems the lower. Still farther to the east, forming the southeastern ex- tremity of tiie mountain crest, is Pamola. Perhaps the wildest part uf the mountain lies between these two latter sunnnits. Professoi C. E. Hamlin, in his "Observations upon the Physical Geograpli and Geology of Ktaadn," says that this particular section p^v ;3i;uts "a savage and chaotic desolation that is probab- ly without a j)arallel in Eastern North America." Between East i'eak and Pamola occur a number of minor elevations rising abruptly from the crest and termed the Chimneys. The crest here is narrow, on one side falling off precipitously to the floor of the Basin, 2000 feet below. So narrow is the ridge and so abrupt the descent on either hand that one unaccustomed to climbing might well feel a little timidity in its passage, although under ordinary conditions it could hardly be con- sidered dangerous.
From the West Peak the mountain drops off slightly to what is termed the Tableland, a nearly plane surface inclining gently to the northwcfct and covered with angular fragments of the red granite of which the upper half of the mountain is com- posed. This tableland is estimated to cover five hundred acres, or nearly a square mile. Between the North and South Basins there is a depression called the Saddle. From the lowest part of this depression the descent into the Soutli Basin can be readily accomplished, the trail for much of the distance follow-
22 Bangor Historical Society
ing a ravine which at certain seasons is said to be the bed of a torrent. For the latter purpose it may serve very well, but for a highway it is capable of improvement. If one is camping in the Basin, this same ravine furnishes the most con- venient route to the summit.
The South Basin is the most striking feature of Ktaadn, In shape it is hke a horseshoe, its opening being to the north and east. From its floor, strewn with masses of granite which have been loosened by the frost and have fallen from the cliffs, the mountain rises almost perpendicularly to the main summits, 2300 feet above. Near the center of the Basin is Basin Pond, a shallow body of water, fed during the summer by almost daily contributions of rain or melting snow. Its clear waters are as cold as those of an arctic sea, a fact that may account for the absence of visible life of any kind. In winter the snow is said to accumulate here to a depth of eighteen or twenty feet.
Many years ago the Appalachian Club constructed a very comfortable camp in the Basin, but it has long since disappeared, either by fire or the slower process of decay. It is a fascinating spot in which to camp. It is true the darkness comes early, owing to the height of the western barrier, but the dawn is also early, and the crest, when first tinged by the morning sun, is worth going far to see. Good water, so often lacking in camp, is abundant, while blueberries and highbush cranberries are to be had in unfailing quantity. The drawbacks are the frequent showers, the constantly shifting winds, and the cool nights. One of the charms of camp life is a cheerful evening fire. Here in the Basin it is impossible to escape the smoke which pursues and finds j^ou out, however carefully you may select your seat. The chill is due to the altitude and the short daily exposure to sunlight. Frosts are not unusual h^re in August and even the day temperature may at time suggest to the visitor that he is in a sort of natural refrigerator.
The so-called "slides" of Ktaadn mark the paths of avalanches and are visible from the south for many miles. The East Slide starts from the east spur of Pamola and extends half a mile down the slope, with an average inclination of about thirty degrees. It is said to date from 1825. The Southwest Slide was formed in the spring of 1816, the rocky debris that covered
Ktaadn 23
the mountain having been loosened by frost and heavy rains. Beginning half a mile below the brow of the Tableland, the avalanche swept down the mountain side, carrying everything before it and cutting a wide swath through the forest below. Its path is nearly four miles in length and in places two hundred feet across. Through this rent in Ktaadn's mantle one can see what lies below: granite, always granite, gray on the lower slopes and red above. Owing to the scantiness of the remaining soil, the vegetation thus removed has been slow in reasserting itself, although it is gradually creeping up from the base. Throughout its length this huge scar is strewn with rock frag- ments of every size, up to that of a fair sized house. While the pavement is irregular and the footing uneven, yet the absence of the dwarfed and almost impenetrable growth that characterizes the upper margin of the timber makes this a con- venient route to the summit for those who approach by way of the West Branch.
He who goes to Ktaadn should make provision against bad weather, since he is almost sure to encounter it. Nearly every published account of an ascent includes mention of rain, Jack- son, Hitchcock, Thoreau, and Winthrop all sharing in this experience. Some fifteen years ago a party of botanists spent ten days on and about the mountain and they record that it rained on every day but one. If the day seems to have passed without the usual visitation, one may confidently look for at least a shower at night. In fact, Ktaadn manufactures its own weather and in doing so displays a marked predilection for showers.
Twice it has been the writer's good fortune to be on the summit on a perfect day, without a breath of wind and with no clouds visible except those immediately over the mountain. On these days the cloud factory was found to be in full opera- tion. A thin wisp of vapor could be seen stealing up the side of the mountain, thickening as it rose, and finally adding itself to the overhanging canopy. In the meantime another new- born cloud could be detected creeping stealthily up from
Note. In the picture on the opposite pa^e showing the East and West Peaks of Ktaadn, the West Peak, or highest point, is shown upon the right and is marked by stone heaps or monuments.
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another direction. And so the process went on, the operation being a continuous one. Apparently this is Ktaadn's way of shielding his royal head from the too ardent rays of the summer sun.
This process of cloud making is easily explained. The lower slopes, exposed to the bright sun, become heated, and the warmth is communicated to the air, which expands and rises. At a greater altitude the air is cooled and condensation to clouds, and in many cases rain, naturally follows. When one camps in the Basin he encounters all sorts of home-brewed weather, sometimes half a dozen distinct brands in a single day.
This little, shut-in part of the earth seems to be complete in itself, and the meteorological conditions that prevail in the outside world affect it but little. The dampness of the moun- tain has a marked effect upon the vegetation, since flowers flourish in the crevices between the rocks in the scantiest of soils, where two consecutive days of drought would prove fatal.
When near the summit of the North Peak with a friend, it was once my good fortune to encounter a thunder storm which proved an interesting and almost terrifying experience. Ac- companying each of the flashes — which seemed to come with quite unnecessary frequency — there was a single sharp, ear- splitting crack, the flash and report being simultaneous. For some reason there was no roll or reverberation, dead silence ensuing until the next flash. Probably the danger was no greater than elsewhere; but it was difficult to rid the mind of the impression that each bolt found its mark and that the rash intruder into these upper realms was likely to prove the chosen target.
The flora of Ktaadn is varied and interesting and one need not be a botanist to see that it is out of the ordinary. The lower slopes are densely wooded — or were until man elected otherwise. Farther up, the trees assume a dwarfed aspect and the climber suddenly emerges into the open where the eye sweeps over and across the tops of the trees. Here the growth is largely of black spruce and fir, often so stunted and abnormal in aspect that the species is not readily determined. In the depression known as the Saddle there are dense thickets of this description, so scraggly and unyielding that it would be almost
Ktaadn 25
impossible to penetrate it if it were not for an occasional path, said to be due to the passage of caribou. Whether these animals actually make these tracks I cannot say, but no other explana- tion of their existence seems to be forthcoming. It is certain that they make use of them for I have several times picked up their discarded horns in these paths. The trees are so unusual in appearance and are so well described by Thoreau in his "Maine Woods," that a brief quotation requires no apology. He says, "I scrambled on all fours over the tops of ancient black spruce trees, old as the flood, from two to ten or twelve feet in height, their tops flat and spreading, and their foliage blue and nipt with the cold, as if for centuries they had ceased growing upward against the bleak sky , the solid cold. I walked some good rods erect upon the tops of these trees, which were overgrown with moss and mountain cranberries. It seemed that in the course of time they had filled up the intervals be- tween the huge rocks, and the cold winds had uniformly leveled all over. Here was the principle of vegetation hard put to it."
"Old as the flood" is a slight exaggeration, yet it is true that these trees are much older than their size would indicate. On one occasion one of our party laboriously hewed down a small tree about six feet in height and four inches in diameter at the base. A section of the trunk was brought away and later cut and smoothed so as to bring out more clearly the lines of annual growth. On close examination these lines were found to crowd each other so closely that an exact count was impossible. By the use of a magnifying glass no less than one hundred and forty-three rings were distinguished, thus proving that the tree at the time of cutting was nearly a century and a half old. In other words, it was a sturdy, though doubtless lowly sapling, when John Hancock affixed his signature to the Declara- tion of Independence.
Many of the plants found on the mountain are peculiar to these altitudes or to cold and exposed situations. Here are several species of Lycopodium or clubmoss not found elsewhere in the State. The little mountain sandwort, Arenaria Groen- landica, is abundant. So, too, is the mountain cranberry, Vaccinium Vitis-Idaea, the berries of which are bitter when raw, but cook to a most delicious sauce, serving admirably to
26 Bangor Historical Society
relieve the monotony of camp fare. A dwarf birch, Beiula glandulosa, with round leaves the size of a penny, a vine rather than a tree, runs around among the rocks as though seeking shelter, as indeed it probably does. A species of saxifrage occurs on the mountain that is not found elsewhere in Maine, although found in Labrador and Greenland.
The arctic or alpine character extends to the minutest forms of plant life. At the request of a friend interested in diatoms, I once collected from the shallow water of a small lake near the entrance to the South Basin a minute amount of the slimy cover- ing of a submerged boulder, to the untrained eye as devoid of life as the boulder itself. From this small gathering, less than half a thimbleful, my friend separated and identified the siliceous valves of no less than seventy-six species of diatoms, a number of which were distinctly alpine.
The basins of Ktaadn naturally suggest volcanic craters, and there are those who seriously entertain the proposition that the mountain is an extinct volcano. Beyond the outward configuration there is nothing to support such a theory, while evidence of a contrary nature is full and conclusive. Nowhere in the vicinity is there anything in the nature of the volcanic ejectamenta of which volcanic cones are built up, neither lava nor eruptive fragmental matters. The mountain consists entirely of granite, a rock formed under conditions that are quite foreign to surface eruptions. If the geologist were asked to indicate that place in Maine where the earth's crust was most likely to yield to the pressure of subterranean forces, he would probably name this locality among the last.
Of the geological history of the mountain we know very little. We do not know the source of the enormous force that pushed the semi-fluid mass up through the older rocks, or the conditions under which the pasty magma consolidated. No one has ever seen, no one can ever see, a granite in the process of formation. The stone bears internal evidence that it crystallized under immense pressure and at great depth. The mountain owes its present prominence not to any great upheaval, but to the erosion of the softer overlying and surrounding rocks, and the consequent exposure of the harder and more resistant core.
Ktaadn, however, furnishes valuable testimony which bears
Ktaadn 27
upon the Glacial Period. Geologists tell us that the whole of New England as well as the country to the north was once covered by an immense ice sheet, thousands of feet in thickness and thousands of square miles in extent. This great mass moved south with irresistible force, eroding, scoring, and polishing the underlying rocks, carrying away the soil and de- tached masses, filling up the old drainage channels and other- wise greatly modifying the topography. The thickness of this ice sheet has long been a disputed point among geologists, but it is believed that the conditions then must have been very similar to those prevailing in Greenland today. In Greenland the ice sheet is not continuous, since the tops of the higher mountains protrude through the ice. Did the summit of Ktaadn escape, or was that also submerged?
This question has been ably discussed by Professor Tarr of Cornell. On the surface of our more resistant rocks, and es- pecially where the rocks have been protected by an overload of earth, we often find the unmistakable evidences of glacial action. The upturned edges of the shales, the prevailing rocks of this vicinity, frequently retain these markings, even after long exposure to the weather. But granite, although a harder rock than shale, undergoes a comparatively rapid disintegration, especially when exposed as on the upper half of Ktaadn. It is not surprising, therefore, that this mountain retains no mark- ings of this nature. It does, however, give us other information bearing on this point.
In ascending the mountain by the Southwest Slide, one finds in the debris of which the lower portion of the slide is composed a great many fragments of rocks of a nature differing radically from that of the mountain itself. As he goes higher he finds the transported masses becoming less and less frequent and as he approaches the summit it is only by careful search that such foreign matter can be detected. Professor Tarr claims that he has found drift boulders upon the very summit, a dis-
Note. The map shown on the opposite page is reproduced from a paper by Professor C. E. Hamhn on "The Physical Geography and Geology of Mount Ktaadn." (Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Vol. VII, No. V). The area included is about ten miles from north to south and seven miles in width. The points of compass are indicated by the names of the prominent features.
28 Bangor Historical Society
covery that in his opinion sufficiently proves that the ice of the Glacial Period passed entirely over the mountain.
There are many routes by which one may reach and ascend Ktaadn. I have approached the mountain a number of times by way of Sherman Mills and have a lively recollection of the roughness of the road and the chill of the Wissataquoik waters. An easier and better route is by the West Branch. Leaving the train at Norcross, the visitor maj' take the small steamer through North Twin, Pemadumcook, and Ambejijis Lakes. From the head of the latter lake one may proceed by the aid of a guide and canoe up the West Branch to the mouth of the Aboljackamegus Stream, from which point a blazed trail leads to the foot of the Southwest Slide. Each route has its advantages, but the latter affords many fine views that one does not get by the eastern approaches. On the other hand, it requires the services of a guide to pilot one through the dead waters and to assist at the numerous carries.
The name of the mountain has suffered at the hands of writers and map-makers. Ktaadn, Katahdin, Ktardn, and Cathardin, have all been noted by the Avriter. Only the first two are in use today and the second appears to meet with more general favor. Nevertheless, there is so much to be said in favor of the first that it has been used in this paper. The word is from the Abnaki tongue and is said to signify "highest land." As the Indians had no written language, the spelling of their place-names is that of the early explorers, who, it may be assumed, chose a combination of letters which represented as nearly as possible the name as it sounded to them. In other words, they spelled phonetically. Undoubtedly much of the confusion which we find in the spelling of Indian words is due to the fact that some of the early explorers were English, some French, and some Dutch. In spelling phonetically, we can readily understand how an Englishman might adopt a spelling differing from that used by a Frenchman, since the letters in their languages often have different values.
In looking up the scanty literature pertaining to the moun- tain, it is noticeable that a large proportion of the earlier \vriters used the spelling Ktaadn. Now this is an unusual sequence of letters in any of the languages named and we can explain it
Etaadn 29
only by the phonetic theory. Evidently the Indians laid great stress on what we may term the second syllable of the name and very little upon the first and last. The following authorities may be quoted among those who used this spelling:
Henry D. Thoreau in the "Maine Woods;" John S. Springer in "Forest Life and Forest Trees;" Professor Ralph S. Tarr of Cornell, in a "Bulletin of the Geological Society of America;" Professor C. E. Hamlin of Harvard College, in a paper on the "Geology of Mount Ktaadn;" William Willis and Judge C. E. Potter, both considered high authorities in the Abnaki dialects: J. Hammond Trumbull of Hartford, who has been termed "the most eminent living authority on Indian dialects;" Dr. C. T. Jackson, our first State Geologist; Moses Greanleaf, in his map of Maine, 1829. In his "Survey of the State of Maine," Groenleaf adopts the second spelling and seeks to justify the chaiiji' by the l.d. ;.... i., ilut while the Indian pronunciation "would p bnhl^ t..- \,v\\iv expressed by the letters Ktaadn, all in t.ne \>:- uith the sound of a as in father, yet the first
"is nt .a to 1.. J.. . .sible for organs accustomed only to English." The longer ^\h ilmg has now become so general that it is to be feareel that the I'Jphraimites will prevail, if for no better reason than that they "cannot frame to pronounce it right."
We have in Ktaadn a great natural asset which has never met the appr(>.ciation which it deserves. Some years ago the Hon. Mr. Guernsey introduced a bill into Congress one purpose of which was to include this mountain in a national forest re- serve. Unhappily this end has not yet been accomplished. That it will come some day cannot be doubted; but it should come before the axe of the lumberman and the fires which too frequently follow the axe shall have completed their work of devastation. Maine is called the "Pine Tree State;" but how many of us have ever seen a fully matured white i)ine, the glory of the forest primeval, the "pumpkin pine" of the lumberman? I have never seen it. I do not expect that my children or my children's children will ever see it. It does not take long to erect memorials in stone and bronze; but to restore a forest is the work of generations. We can construct half a dozen Panama Canals while a white pine is growing.
If Congress cannot be induced to act, why should not our
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Legislature take action and create a state reservation? The proposition has been widely discussed and the women's clubs have done noble work in bringing the subject before the public. But we must not stop here. The matter should never be allowed to rest until it receives the attention which it deserves. Nature has been generous to us; let us show ourselves worthy of this great gift.
MOUNT KATAHDIN AS A NATIONAL PARK
— BY —
HON. FRANK E. GUERNSEY, M. C. Delivered at the Quarterly Meeting, April 6th, 1915
When your genial secretary, Mr. Blanding, invited me to attend this meeting of your society and hear Prof. Merrill of the Uni- versity of Maine speak on Mt. Katahdin, I gladly accepted, as I have taken great interest in Maine's greatest mountain and the region thereabout, which I hope and believe will eventually be taken over by the federal government for forest reserve and national p.irk purposes, in accordance with a measure I have before Coii). . s,i to that end.*
I have hvii: (luply interested in what Prof. Merrill has stated hon today jj-.jist Mt. Kjvtahdin and its surroundings, the wui... .' .1 s(:<i., V of the region, its forest, innumerable lakes and .-ta;.i. . Owing to Prof. Merrill's many ascents of the mountain aiid explorations in its vicinity, his statements have added interest and value, and they confirm all I have heard about that section of our state. The professor is performing important work in presenting the information he has gathered to the public, which is already awake to the necessity of govern- ment protection of the remnant of our forest and the opening and preservation of a national breathing place. Combine the forest reserve and national park ideas, and a double purpose will be accomplished. Maine's future depends upon its almost innumerable water powers, which may be converted into electricity to move machinery and do the manufacturing of the nation for all time. The continued value of the water power will depend upon the maintenance of the flow of our streams; preservation of our forests is absolutely necessary to
*0n the 17th day of April, 1916, Hon. Frank E. Guernsey, Member of Congre88 from the Fourth District of Muine, reintroduced in thp e4th Congreae the bill which was in the previous Congreee for the establish- ment of a Mount Kutahdin National Park.
32 Bangor Historical Society
such maintenance. Our great rivers, the Penobscot and Ken- nebec, can only be maintained through perpetuation of the forests at the head waters of these rivers in the Mt. Katahdin region.
Let the federal government take over such area for that pur- pose, and a great work will be accomplished.
Let the territory so taken over be converted into a national park and with its scenic points, lakes, streams and forest made accessible to the public through the construction of roads and trails, the benefit therefrom will be of incalculable value for the present generation and the generations yet to come. Such a park would draw to this state thousands of visitors an- nually. It would be a place of recreation for camping and fishing; a place where our people might seek out-of-door life and health, free from the danger of being shot down by the hunter's deadly rifle through being mistaken for a deer or moose; a place where the wild life of our forest could retreat and propagate their specie unharmed and thereby assure a continuance of wild fowl, deer and moose in our state for all time.
The federal government has already adopted the policy of establishing forest reserves in the east. It has undertaken it in the White Mountains and in the southern Appalachian range. National parks to the number of fourteen have been erected in fifteen states, all of them west of the Mississippi river, but they are thousands of miles away from the great centers of population in the east. The census of 1910 shows that continental United States contained about 92,000,000 people. It also disclosed that two-thirds of that population was east of the Mississippi river — that is, over 65,000,000, and the greater proportion of that number are located along the Atlantic seaboard, which in all human probabilities will con- tinue to be the most densely settled portion of the United States.
Only a limited number of these people have the opportunity to visit the great national parks of the far west. Those visiting these parks are individuals who have time and means to travel long distances. Locate within the state of Maine a national park, and it will be comparatively within easy reach of the
Mount Katahdin National Park 33
millions of people in eastern United States. In our state is the last remnant of the virgin forest that once swept the whole Atlantic coast. Something must, and will, in my opinion, be done to preserve it.
ABORIGINAL AXES OF THE PENOBSCOT
— BT —
WALTER B. SMITH Delivered at the Quarterly Meeting, April 6th, 1915
In this region where the development of its natural resources, or the destruction thereof — as you choose to view it — has so largely depended upon the use of the lumberman's axe, it may be of interest to note those earlier, local forms of this humble instrument as made and used by our predecessors.
Here and there along the shores of the streams and rivers and lakes of the Penobscot drainage system are occasionally found large, deeply-grooved and roughly-sharpened imple- ments of stone which we readily recognize as primitive axes of the Indians.
They are by no means peculiar to the Penobscot nor to Maine, but they vary greatly in abundance in different localities; indeed, there are state-wide areas where no grooved stone axe has yet been found. There is a great diversity too in their sizes, forms, and in the rocks of which they are made. The axes of one section of the country are generally found to possess peculiarities which distinguish them from those of another section.
Axes are not simple tools, like spall knives and hammer- stones, as they required handles to make them complete and of use but I do not know of any remnants of such handles having been preserved or found. We may be able to form a good general idea of the way they were attached but the details of their lashings seem to be lost. Neither have I found in my limited reading of old descriptions of this part of the country, specific mention of stone axes, the way they were hafted, or used.
One writer has pithily stated that the greatest difference between iron axes and stone axes is that in the iron kind the
1762903
Aboriginal Axes of the Penobscot 35
handle goes through the axe; while in those of stone the axe goes through the handle.
We naturally associate axes with lumbering operations and wood chopping, but the idea of anyone ever felling large trees with stone axes, has been questioned. We must remember, however, that all our stone axes are surface finds, or such as have been turned up by plows or very shallow excavating and that after centuries of weathering which has destroyed all traces of handles and even bit deeply into the stone itself, they are far from the condition they were in when new.
Of course there was no call for extensive lumbering during the stone age, but the inhabitants in this climate required much wood for their fires; they used large logs for making into dugouts, smaller ones for palisades; they had poles for wigwam and canoe frames and for fish weirs; they needed various kinds of wood for basket making, for snow shoe frames, for bows, arrow stems, spear shafts and for paddles. As there was so much need for both the cutting and splitting of wood it seems probahio that stone axes were used for practically the same pur- poses as modern ones, and that it was feasible for powerful men expert in their use to chop down trees of any size, either with or without ihc: aid of fire, and to split them as desired. No doubt; iiHi, they were used to some extent in the killing of large u ■ !s and at times sirved as battle-axes, but the larger ones sctMu LOO unwieldy for quick action.
The Indians selected stones for axe-making from amongst the numerous glacial boulders and cobble stones along the river. They never used for this purpose flint and flint-like substances, but took hard and tough rocks which could be chipped and battered into shape and ground to a sharp edge. Certain fine- grained diorites, diabases, andesites and other eruptive rocks composed largely of intimate mixtures of hornblende, pyroxene, and feldspar; and some of the complex metamorphic rocks were preferred to those varieties made up either wholly or mostly of quartz.
The average weight of local stone axes is not far from four and one-half pounds; a few are twice as heavy, and one has been found which weighs twelve pounds.
While both larger and smaller axes have been discovered
36 Bangor Historical Society
elsewhere I am not aware of an area of equal size where a greater variety of rocks was used for making axes, or where more in- teresting specimens have been found.
CLASSIFICATION. Notwithstanding the great diversity of shapes observable in Penobscot axes, they may be conveniently classified m four groups, as follows:
(a) Chopping axes.
(b) Splitting axes.
(c) Notched axes.
(d) Peculiar forms.
Persistent variations from types, however, require the further divisions of some of these groups into sub-groups.
This classification while mainly based upon the different ways stone axes were grooved or notched for hafting also indicates to some extent the purposes for which they are supposed to have been used.
It will be noted that no hatchets, tomahawks, or celt-like implements which lack characterizmg grooves or notches are here considered.
At least ninety per cent of all our Penobscot axes may be placed in the first two groups of this classification. .,,iiiSpwTTiNG Axes.
, M examination of several hundred local stone axes shows that about forty-five per cent of them are completely encircled by a groove made at right angles to their longest diameters. This groove is above the middle of the axe — sometimes, but rarely, as near the poll as the middle. It is an inch or more wide in most examples and from j to ^ inch deep across the sides of the axe, but often twice as deep at the edges. The sharpened edge is generally moderately thin, rather narrow and much rounded at the corners.
The tops, or polls, usually show where chips and spalls have been beaten off as though from heavy blows struck with a club, or as if the axe-poll had been used as a maul. Such places generally lack that bruised appearance which would result if they had been pounded with a stone.
These axes form a distinct group; it embraces some of the
<
Aboriginal Axes of the Penobscot 37
largest specimens found and some of the crudest. Occasionally a well-finished specimen is discovered, but generally little labor has been expended in their shaping except for making the groove and thinning the blade.
Figure 1 shows a splitting axe found at Ft. Hill, Veazie. It is a little broader in proportion to its length than the majority of specimens, but is, otherwise, typical of this group. Chopping Axes.
The axes of this group are decidedly different from those which we have called splitting axes. They average somewhat smaller, are, as a rule, far better made and some are made of finer-grained and harder rocks.
The groove extends across both sides and around one edge only, but it seldom forms a right angle with the axe, being made more or less oblique, so that when hafted,the blade "hangs in" as wood cutters say. A characteristic feature is that the stone has been worked down on each side of the groove nearly to the depth of the groove itself, thus leaving prominent ridges parallel- ing the groove and extending with it around the axe. The poll is frequently carefully worked to a flattish, rounded cone and seldom shows signs of rough usage.
These axes are somewhat narrower than splitting axes al- though the cutting edge is somewhat wider, thus making them nearer the shape of modern steel axes.
Figure 2 shows a deeply grooved axe of tliis class. It is from Eddington.
Figure 3, an axe from Orono. It has evidently seen much service and no doubt has been considerably shortened by suc- cessive sharpening.
The so-called crooked axes would be placed in a sub-group. These are rare. They are long, very narrow, and are longitudi- nally curved.
Figure 4 is a very fine example. It was found on the Maine State Hospital grounds in this city. A peculiar feature of this axe is that the edge which would come next to the handle is ground off smooth, presumably for the seating of a wedge be- tween the axe-head and the handle. Notched Axes.
These are not grooved but have mstead rather large rounded-
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out notches on opposite edges near the poll. Just how they were hafted and used is not clear. They are far from common on the Penobscot and those found are rather small. The speci- men shown, Figure 5, is from Veazie. They are sometimes called Hoe-Axes. Peculiar Forms.
The fourth group is intended to embrace all peculiar forms of axes not heretofore included. This is a small group. The few specimens I have seen belonging here owe their peculiarities to the naturally odd shapes of the stones of which they were made.
THE SITE OF AN AXE MAKER'S SHOP.
One of the most interesting features of searching for relics left by the prehistoric races that have preceded us in this valley, is, to me, in finding sites of their workshops; in gathering up their partly-made artifacts; in tracing out the sources of their raw material; in hunting up the tools they used, and in en- deavoring to reconstruct their various manufacturing pro- cobses. Places where chipped blades such as arrow points and t]-ai''ieads have been fashioned are not uncommon and are Well marked by great numbers of tell-tale chips and discards, but the precise points where axes, celts, gouges, and a few other classes of implements have been made are very rarely found.
Late last fall I was fortunate in locating a spot where some unknown axe-maker had at some unrecorded time patiently fashioned the materials of his craft. I think we may safely say that they had trades then, as certain individuals would acquire unusual skill along some lines and become, par excel- lence, the arrow-makers, gouge-makers, or axe-makers of their time and tribe.
This site is a few miles up the river from Bangor, or to be exact, just below the Bangor Railway and Electric Company's power plant at Veazie — just under the hill from the big sign- board, reading "All Trespassing Forbidden," or something similar. But the wording is unimportant as this warning wasn't there when the axe-maker was.
A few rods below the power plant was formerly a large saw- mill (carried away by the freshet of 1846) Below this mill
Aboriginal Axes of the Penobscot 39
site is a little bay worn out of the side of the bluff and locally- known as "The Eddy." During the activity of the saw mill the basin-bottom of the eddy became filled with water-soaked sawdust, slabs and edgings. Later these became covered with a rather thick stratum of sand.
The new dam of the power plant located differently from the old one caused the swift water to flow into and clean out much of the sand and mill debris from the bottom of "The Eddy" and as the water shrank away with the drought, it became mostly dry land. This is largely blue clay but with many rocks and small boulders scattered about or in patches. Among these, in an area of about 18 by 40 feet, were found various evidences of this ancient axe-makers industry.
There was only one good axe in the lot; three others had probably been completed but when found were so much weathered, that it is difficult to say, if they had ever been quite finished.
Besides these axes were several broken ones and more than a dozen partly made axes, left at various stages of completion, or abandoned because of unfortunate breaking of the stone. There were eight or ten hammerstones of quartz-porphyry of various sizes, used in shaping the axes and hollowing out the grooves. There were several rubbing stones and whetstones used in rubbing down and sharpening the blades. There was also found here a piece of sandstone of good grit, which shows much use. Its most interesting feature, however, is a groove a little more than an inch across and which would seem to be about the right size to rub down and smooth wooden handles for the axes that were made here. There were also found chips and spalls which had been knocked off in the process of axe making, also an abundance of raw material — stones which had been piled up here for future use.
Figure 6 shows the beginning of an axe. It is simply a round- ed, oblong, flattish glacial-ground and water-worn stone that approached the tool maker's idea of what an axe should look like. It shows very little of man's work. He knocked off a few spalls to test its soundness and quality: he hammered it a little where the groove should start, but this is all. Perhaps he intended to finish it later, but the worked places are old and
40 Bangor Historical Society
weathered, the axe-maker is dead and gone and the world has now no use for stone axes however fine their finish. Several of the other examples were discarded for more obvious reasons — mostly on account of flaws or breaks. A few were nearly finished but set aside for no apparent cause. One specimen shows a deep groove on one face, extended into a notch at the edge and carried across the other face nearly to the opposite edge before the work stopped. We may conjecture that the workman's thoughts were elsewhere as he pecked away at this groove, and his disgust at finding that the ends would not meet, as he had worked this groove obliquely on one face and straight across on the other.
The sequence of work seems to have been: first, a very little preliminary chipping, more, I judge, to test the grain of the rock than to shape it, as in some cases only one or two chips were removed — sometimes even this was omitted; second, making the groove; third, spallmg and chipping off as much surplus material as safety permitted; fourth, shaping it with hammer-stones; fifth, grinding down and smoothing the blade with rubbing-stones and sharpening its edge with whetstones. After this would follow the hafting.
I have profound respect for the product of this old-time tool-maker, but I fail to see his reason for completing his groov- ing before he blocked-out or rough-shaped his axes.
Considering the evidence offered by all these tools and frag- ments it seems certain that in this curve of the bluff and close to the water's edge we have a location where genuine, hand- made, Penobscot, stone axes were once manufacturedrrrr-the first plant, so far as the writer knows, established for this purpose on the river.
SUCCESSOR OF THE STONE AXE.
It would be interesting to know just when the first iron axes were brought to the Penobscot — and by whom. There are some indications that point to a time considerably earlier than Champlain's visit in 1604, but positive proof is lacking.
It has been mentioned that stone axes are surface finds. I am unaware of a single grooved or notched stone axe ever having been recovered from a grave. This seems strange, as
Aboriginal Axes of the Penobscot 41
these places are the repositories of our most perfect and best preserved reUcs, and but for this single exception, all classes of stone tools, weapons, and implements have, I believe, been found therein. It seems strange, too, that iron axes should be the first, or among the very first, articles of European manu- facture to be included with native work in graves of the earliest historic times on this river. Such burial places are occasionally, accidentally discovered. One in Orono, revealed by a crumbling river bank, contained three iron axes that had been severally and carefully wrapped in birch bark. A grave in Winterport, found in the same manner contained one. Others have been found at Sandy Point, and elsewhere along the river.
These early, iron axes are not, however, confined to graves as they have been found in various other places. They are sometimes called ringed axes, as they were finished at the top with an eye or socket for the handle. They had no poll. They are generally supposed to be of French make and most of them may be, but a few show a trade-mark that is said to be traceable to Utrecht.
A BELL
— BY —
JAMES H. CROSBY Delivered at the Quarterly Meeting, October 19th, 1915
In a copy of the Bangor Weekly Register, dated Saturday, November 16, 1816, occurs the following:
"In July last Benjamin Bussey, Esq. of Boston, presented to the first Congregational Society in Bangor, a Bell for their meetinghouse.
"The bell was cast by Col. Paul Revere, weighing 1095 pounds and was raised to the Belfry in Bangor in July.
"Its sound, in favorable weather, distinctly fills a circle of twelve miles diameter.
"Travelers remark that it affords a better sound than is com- mon, and similar to that of bells most approved of.
"The Selectmen of Bangor embrace your paper as a medium through which respectfully and publicly to acknowledge the favor done said inhabitants by the generous Donor, and to ex- press their gratitude to him for his liberal present.
"Bangor, Feb. 15."
The paragraphing, punctuation, and capitalization of the above are carefully copied from the old paper.
Several points invite remark.
1. The Date.
The paper is dated in November, 1816. But the article as to the bell is dated February 15. In another part of the paper, we learn that "the articles in this paper are selected from various numbers of the files for 1815 and 1816, as will be seen by the matter itself." Assuming that the February referred to is February, 1816, it would appear that the bell was raised to the belfry in July, 1815.
2. The Recipient.
Mr. Loomis had been settled, so far as the agreement for salary was concerned, by the Town of Bangor. And the Town
Paul Revere Bell, Bangor, 1815-1911.
A BeU 43
continued to be the paymaster for a number of years. As late as 1822 they voted an appropriation for the purpose, but, I believe, did not actually raise the money. Yet here, away back in 1816, we find reference to a First Congregational Society, having a sufficient existence to receive a present of a bell. It rather seems as if the Society had come into existence early, and gradually came to take the place of the Town in relation to the minister, the separation not being complete before the twenties. Of course the Society is not to be confounded with the Church which existed from November 1811. But while the bell is said to be given to the First Congregational Society, it is the Select- men of Bangor who appear as thanking the donor for the gift. This is all the more appropriate in view of the place in which it was first installed, and the uses to which, doubtless, it was put.
3. The Place.
We are told that Mr. Bussey gave this bell* to the First Congregational Society "for their meetinghouse." In what sense had they a meetinghouse at this time?
In this very newspaper appears a petition to the Massachu-
*Paul Revere is best known to fame for his ride to warn the patriots of the British march to Concord in 1775. But he was a versatile genius; early a silversmith of note, a copper plate engraver, commander of artillery in the disastrous Penobscot expedition against Castine in 1779 (where his conduct was severely criticized terminating his active military service) and finally proprietor of a foundry which manufactured bells for about 40 years beginning 1792, the business being continued after his death in 1818 by his son, Joseph W. Revere.
A record of bell sales has been preserved and forms the basis of a lengthy article printed in the "Essex Institute Historical collections" vols. 47 and 48, 1911-1912.
From this it appears that the above Bangor bell was No. 146 in the series of 398 bells manufactured by the firm, the date of sale was June 8, 1815 and weight 1068 pounds. Eleven earUer bells had been sold 1793-1808 for the following Maine towns: Hallowell (3 bells), Portland, Falmouth, Thomaston, Augusta, Castine, Wells, Bath and Farmington. Several others were sold later in Maine, including No. 360, 1326 pounds, Aug. 28, 1828, to M. Bussey, Bangor. This must have been intended to read "Mr. Bussey," as the records of the First Baptist church of Bangor show that a Paul Revere bell was presented in 1828 by Benjamin Bussey and John K. Boyd. This is the bell of the old First Baptist church, also deatroyed in the fire of 1911. About 100 pounds of its metal were saved and used in the making of the new bell now in the new First Baptist edifice on Center St.
44 Bangor Historical Society
setts General Court to authorize the carrying out of an agree- ment entered into in 1812, for the conveyance of a lot, a half acre more or less, being substantially the lot where the City Hall now stands, bounded on three sides by Hammond, Main, and Columbia Streets. The agreement to convey had been entered into by Charles Hammond, who was himself also one of the company whose members were to receive the conveyances but he had died before it was completed. The object was the "providing a permanent establishment for a court house and a temporary place for public worship." The building had been erected at the time of the petition. It was, I take it, the City Hall of my early childhood. In the forties, I think, it was somewhat reconstructed, and in the nineties moved off to make room for the present City Hall. It served then in 1815 as a "temporary place for worship," and had done so since, I believe, 1813; (See History of Penobscot County.) Into the belfry of this building then the bell was raised, and there staid till, as I suppose, it was transferred to the new wooden meeting- house on Broadway in 1822.
Leaving now all connection with the old newspaper, we note that the bell — the same bell, I suppose, — passed through the fire which consumed the wooden edifice on Broadway in 1830. After the fire it is said to have been recast, with additional metal. A vote of thanks to Mr. Bussey passed by the Parish in 1831, seems to imply that the recasting, as well as the original bell, was his gift. It remained with no greater vicissitude than a transfer from the west to the east end of the building when the latter was reconstructed in 1859 — until the conflagration of 1911. Mr. Blanding tells me that a considerable fragment f has finally been secured for the Bangor Historical Society.
tThis fragment which consists of one fourth of the rim, weighing perhaps 150 pounds was taken to the storehouse of N. H. Bragg and Sons after the fire, and turned over to the Society Oct. 1915, by Mr. Fraakhn E. Bragg, bearing No. 882 in our record book of cabinet accessions.
PETER EDES AND THE DeBURIANS
— BY —
WILFRID A. HENNESSY Delivered at the Quarterly Meeting, October 19th, 191S
The one hundredth anniversary of the publication of the initial issue of Bangor's first newspaper, the Bangor Weekly Register, by Peter Edes, will fall on Thursday, November 25th. Because of this anniversary and the fact that The DeBurians published the first and only biography of Peter Edes I have been asked to present this paper at this meeting of the Bangor Historical Society.
The DeBurians was the name of a small club of Bangor men interested in books. It was organized at my home one evening in June, 1900, by the late Mr. Samuel L. Boardman, Mr. William Otis Sawtelle, Mr. Charles F. Kennedy and myself. The objects of The DeBurians of Bangor were: The holding of social meetings to talk about books, the reading of papers by its members with discussions of the same, and the printing of occasional books in limited editions.
The name has frequently aroused curiosity. Richard Aungervyle, the son of a knight of the same name, was born January 21, 1287, in Bury St. Edmonds, Suffolk, and took the name of the town of his birth. Following the completion of his studies at Oxford he entered upon the life of a religious as a member of the Order of St. Benedict. He was chosen tutor for the Prince of Wales, afterward Edward III, and in 1327 when his former pupil ascended the throne Richard de Bury was honored by successive appointments as cofferer to the king, treasurer of the wardrobe and keeper of the great seal. After the satisfactory conclusion of a visit to the Holy See as a special ambassador from his sovereign during which de Bury formed his friendship with the great Petrarch he was made lord treasurer and in 1334 was consecrated Bishop of Durham. He was sent on other embassies to the continent and it was during these
46 Bangor Historical Society
trips that he began the collection of his library which became the most famous in England. The 58th anniversary of his birth, January 24, 1345, saw the completion of his immortal Philobiblon, the first treatise on the love of books, and this, too, was the valedictory of his active and varied career for his death occurred on April 14, 1345, less than three months later. Despite the fact that The Philobiblon is the most famous classic of its kind and notwithstanding the multiplicity of book clubs, so far as recorded, The DeBurians was the first organization to do honor to the memory of Richard de Bury. Dibdin, in his Bibliomania in 1809 said: "I am rather surprised that a de Bury Club has not yet been established by philobiblists as he was undoubtedly the founder of the order in England." I may add that when the choice of name was made for The DeBurians we did not know of Dibdin's suggestion.
The club's first season was signalized by a visit to Dover to see the collection of Judge Edgar C. Smith and a two days' trip to Portland to visit the libraries of Mr. Thomas B. Mosher, the publisher, and the late Hon. Charles F. Libby. Fortnightly meetings were held during the winter of 1900-1 and the papers were read by the late Mr. Charles E. Bliss, by Mr. Boardman, by Mr. Sawtelle by the late Prof. John S. Sewall and Prof. O. F. Lewis, then a member of the faculty of the University of Maine.
The season of 1901-02 was ushered in by an autumn trip to Rockland where The DeBurians were entertained by Mr. William O. Fuller and the late Hon. Charles E. Littlefield. At Mr. Littlefield's home, the Twelve Mo Club, an organization not unlike The DeBurians, was invited to meet the Bangor delegation. On the following day a visit was made to the splendid library, now dispersed, of the late Judge J. B. Steams in Camden.
On the evening of October 17, 1901, a supper was held attend- ed by nine members of the club to mark the appearance of the first publication of The DeBurians. This was the book en- titled, Peter Edes, Pioneer Printer of Maine, a Biography, and His Diary While A Prisoner by the British at Boston in 1775 with the Journal of John I.each Who Was a Prisoner at the Same Time. The first publication was written and edited by the late Mr. Samuel Lane Boardman who was the club's only
The Peter Edes Press.
From phulo in Bangor Public Library.
Peter Edes and the DeBurians 47
president. For a Maine book club, the only organization in the state conducted on lines similar to the Club of Odd Volumes in Boston, the Acorn Club in Hartford and other book clubs, it seemed to be singularly appropriate that it should lend its efforts to perpetuating the name of Peter Edes who surely de- serves a prominent place in the roll of pioneers.
In order that Peter Edes may get his share of this paper I will conclude my narrative of The DeBurians by adding that before the club passed out of existence three more publications were issued: The First Year Book of The DeBurians of Bangor, Maine, Moses Greenleaf, Maine's First Map-Maker, 1902, written and edited by Judge Edgar C. Smith, and the Revo- lutionary Journal of Col. Jeduthan Baldwin, 1775-1778, edited with a memoir and notes by Thomas Williams Baldwin in 1906. These books, issued in limited editions, were widely circulated in this country and among collectors in England. They evoked many favorable reviews and comments and because of the character of the contents and the excellence of the typographical appearance directed highly desirable and complimentary atten- tion to Bangor.
Among the out-of-town men who addressed the club were Mr. Thomas B. Mosher of Portland, Mr. William 0. Fuller and Hon. William T. Cobb of Rockland, the late Edward W. Hall, librarian of Colby college, the late Hon. Oliver G. Hall of Augusta and Professor Lewis and Professor Chase of the University of Maine.
The members of the club from first to last were Mr. Samuel Lane Boardman, Mr. WilUam Otis Sa\vtelle, Mr. Charles F. Kennedy, Mr. Wilfrid A. Hennessy, Mr. Charles E. Bliss, Judge Edgar C. Smith, Gen. Charles Hamlin, Mr. Frederic H. Parkhurst, Mr. Frank H. Damon, Mr. Bartlett Brooks, Mr. James Brooks and Rev. Charles A. Moore. The late Prof. John S. Sewall was the first honorary member of the club. He attended the meetings almost regularly and each year presented a delightful paper.
Peter Edes, the first important figure in the early history of printing in Maine, was the son of Benjamin Edes, a foremost journalist of the American Revolution, who, in 1775, began business with John Gill in Boston as publishers of the Boston
, .;--.y.Rq
48 Bangor Historical Society
Gazette and Country Journal, the first number of which was published by Edes & Gill on April 7 of that year. BothEdes and Gill were ardent patriots and enthusiastically espoused the cause of the colonies. Their office was the rendezvous of distinguished political writers and publicists and later the Boston Gazette became the great organ of the Revolutionary party. The elder Edes and his partner had the vicissitudes common to the leaders in the patriotic cause of the colonies.
Peter Edes was born in Boston, December 17, 1756, and when a boy in his teens while learning his trade in his father's office came to know Adams, Hancock, Otis and Warren and from them imbibed patriotism and love of liberty. When he was 19, two days after the battle of Bunker Hill, June 19, 1775, he was seized by the British charged with "having firearms con- cealed in his house" and thrust into prison where he. was con- fined until October 3. Following his release, until October 1784, he was a member of his father's firm. On November 1, 1784 he announced his withdrawal and immediately opened a job-printing office. Among his publications was a volume of patriotic orations. Edes considered settling in Portland but after two years or more he went to Newport, R. I. and on March 1, 1787, his name appears as the printer of the Newport Herald. The paper was suspended in 1791 and Edes returned to the printing business in Boston.
Before long Edes again turned his thoughts toward Maine. He had already considered Portland but he decided upon the village which is now Augusta as the more favorable location. The first number of the Kennebec Intelligencer was published by Peter Edes on November 14, 1796. On October, 1800, the name was changed to the Kennebec Gazette; On September 11, 1801, the name was again changed to Edes' Kennebec Gazette this heading being used until April 21, 1803, when it was again changed. The name Edes was dropped and between the words "Kennebec" and "Gazette" in the heading was placed the vignette of the arras of the United States. On February 13, 1810, another title was adopted, the new one being "Herald of Liberty" and this was continued until the autumn of 1815, when Edes removed to Bangor. There were othor new«*papors in the Kennebec district and the arrival of printers with better
Peter Edes and the DeBurians 49
equipment prompted Edes to look for a new location. After twenty years on the Kennebec he decided to seek new fields and following correspondence with prominent Bangor men, determined upon location of a paper in this city. The Edes press and printing oufit came to Bangor by ox-team. It weighed four tons and owing to the weakness of the Kennebec bridge it was taken over in several lots. The trip to Bangor was not easy and required three weeks for coming and the return. Bangor at this time had about 1000 inhabitants.
The first number of the Bangor Weekly Register was pub- lished Saturday, November 25, 1815.* The sparsely settled community did not offer a very substantial return to the news- paper publisher and in the Register of August 23, 1817, Edes published his farewell announcement in these words:
"The proprietor of the Bangor Weekly Register avails him- self of the last number to bid adieu to his patrons and friends. Two years have nearly elapsed since its first establishment; and although he has occasionally appeared to complain of want of patronage and punctuality, yet he now feels a pleasure in acknowledging that for such a period of profound peace and tranquility throughout the world, the paper has received a decent support."
The Edes printing office was located on the present site of The Rines Company, 43 Main Street, and he lived in a house numbered 23 Ohio Street, the present residence of Mr. A. H. Babcock. After his withdrawal from the newspaper field Edes continued to live in Bangor. His death occurred on March
*In observance of the 100th anniversary of the appearance of the first issue of the Bangor Weekly Register, a Newspapermen's Dinner was held at the Bangor House, Satui-day evening, November 27, 1915. The com- mittee of arrangements was composed of Mr. Wilfrid A. Hennessy, Mr. Oscar A. Shepard and Mr. .John P. Flanagan. The spoakcrs were Mr. Robert Lincoln O'Brien, editor of the Boston Herald, Mr. Arthur G. Stap- les of the Lewiston Journal, Mr. George W. Norton of the Portland Even- ing Express, Mr. Frederick G. Fassett of the Watcrville Sentinel, Mr. Oliver L. Hall of the Bangor Commercial, Prof. Roland P. Gray of the University of Maine and others. The menu card contained a sketch of Peter Edes, a picture of his press, reproductions of the titles of the Bangor Weekly Register, and the two Bangor daily papers of today- the Bangor Daily News and the Bangor Daily Conuneicial — and a list of papers pub- lished in Bangor from the first down to the present.
5? Bangor Historical Society
29, 1840, at the age of 83 years and he was buried in the Sargent lot at Mt. Hope, his grave being marked by a plain marble headstone.
THE FIRST BANGOR CITY HALL
HARRY J. CHAPMAN, ESQ. Delivered at the Annixal Meeting, January 4th, 1916
The First, or Old Bangor City Hall, better known in early days as the Court House, stood on a part of Lot No. 70, Hol- land's plan, one hundred acres west of Kenduskeag stream, now covered by the greater part of Ward Two.
This lot of land passed by assignment from Robert Hich- born, one of the original petitioners for land in 1795, to Captain William Hammond, March 11, 1802, and later to his son, Charles, for whom Hammond street is named. Lot No. 11, on the east side of the stream, was owned by Captain James Budge.
The building, substantially as known to many of us, was erected in the summer of 1812, at the corner of Main and Ham- mond streets, fronting West Market Square that had not then been filled in, reached by a long flight of plank steps, with a lawn in front, and no other buildings in its immediate vicinity. Its frame was of hewed pine timber; a small belfry was erected on its front, and as it sat up on a bank, it presented a fine ap- pearance.
For nearly thirty years the settlers had no title to their lands, and each located where it pleased him best; but under date of November 23d, 1795, twenty two of them petitioned the General Court, praying that all who had settled before January 1, 1784, might have their titles confirmed. Captain Ham- mond was delegated to urge the petition, and allowed forty dollars for expenses. But it was not until March 5, 1801, that their prayer was granted, and all of those who had settled prior to 1784 were granted one hundred acres on payment of five dollars; those who had settled between that date and 1798 were granted one hundred acres on payment of one hundred dollars.
In 1800 the population was two hundred and seventy seven.
52 Bangor Historical Society
They were very poor. It was a backwoods settlement up a lonely river, There were nineteen dwellings, four shops, four tanneries, six grist mills, one hundred and eleven acres of mow- ing lands, one hundred and fifteen of meadow, thirty three of pasture, three horses, fifty three oxen, sixty three cows, forty two swine.
The business centre was about Crane's ferry, now the site of State street bridge. Here were the stores, wharves, the stream forming the port. There were few streets. Broad, Main, Central and Exchange streets were open to the stream, with narrow trails following the margin.
After the settlement of the land titles, the growth became rapid, and many buildings were erected. Main and Water streets were laid out in 1802 and the Hatch House built at the corner of Main and Cross streets, a square, flat roofed wooden building that sat back some forty feet from the street, reached by two flight of stairs, each having fourteen steps. The American House was built on Newbury street, about the same time, A brick school house was built in 1802 at the corner of Union and First streets, and the next year another, at the corner of Pine and State streets, having a belfry and bell. All about it was open field. Broad street was laid out in 1806 and Charles Hammond laid out West Market Square that he donated to the town. A road run to Hampden, and one to Orono, following the old Indian trail along the river.
By 1810 Bangor was a sizable village of eight hundred and fifty inhabitants. Its growth had been rapid during the last ten years, and the need of a public building was urgent. They had no meeting house, and met in private houses for religious services.
At this time every citizen was required to pay taxes, or be- long to some religious society, and in 1812-13 there was filed with the town clerk a list of some fifty names of the religious society, "called the Methodists."
Religious meetings were held in Union Hall, at the foot of Exchange street, over the stores of Rice and Crosby and Bart- lett and Newman; but in October, 1812, the town voted to worship in the building erected on Main street.
In 1812, Captain Charles Hammond, who commanded the
The First Bangor City Hall 53
Bangor Light Artillery at the Battle of Hampden, divided the City Hall lot into sixty shares and associated with him others for the erection of a public building.
The company tendered the use of the buildings, when it should be completed to the town for the term of three years or more for public worship free of expense. The town voted to accept it "so soon as the proprietors shall, on their own ex- pense, have rendered the same convenient for meeting therein for public worship, provided the said building be finished as aforesaid, within one year from the date hereof."
The building when finished was viewed with pride and ad- miration we may well believe, and for nearly eighty years was the chief centre of our social and civic life. Generation after generation found their amusements within its walls, and it was the scene of many notable court trials and great pul^lic meetings.
In July, 1815, Benjamin Bussey gave to the First Congre- gational Society a fine-toned bell cast by Paul Revere, weighing ten hundred and ninety five pounds that was placed in the tower of the new building. "Its sound in favorable weather fills a circle twelve miles in diameter." The Selectmen appoint- ed a bell-ringer, and it was thereafter rung at stated hours.
The building was occupied as a place of worship until April 27, 1817, when it was leased to the county of Penobscot for a court house, Bangor having been made a half shire town with Castine in 1814. Deeds were now recorded in Bangor. On Feb. 15, 1816, the northerly part of Hancock county was in- corporated as the county of Penobscot, Bangor, the shire town, and the first term of the Court of Common Pleas for the Third Circuit was held in the building, July 2, 1816.
Present: Hon. William Crosby, of Belfast, Chief Justice.
Martin Kinsley of Hampden, and James Campbell, of Harring- ton, associates.
Crier, James Poor, Bangor.
Sheriff, Gen. Jedediah Herrick, Hampden.
Clerk, Thomas Cobb, Bangor.
County Attorney, Jacob McGaw, Bangor.
Lawyers: Oliver Leonard, David Perham, Brewer; Allen Gilman, Jacob McGaw, Sanuuil E. Duttou, Thomas A. Hill, William D. Williamson, Bangor; John Godfrey, George T.
54 Bangor Historical Society
Chapman, Hampden; Samuel M. Pond, Bucksport; and Philo H. Washburn, of Frankfort.
The docket contained fourteen cases.
During the British occupation in 1814 it was used as a barracks, but no particular damage was done. In 1822 the First Parish Church was built on Broadway, and the bell was removed.
At the March term of the court, Jedediah Herrick, Moses Patten and Joseph Treat were authorized to contract for the building of a jail of wood, well secured Avith iron, and a thousand dollars was appropriated for that purpose. It was erected in front of the present court house, rebuilt of granite, 1831.
On December 14, 1825, the building was sold to the county for a court house, and on April 17, 1831, the county sold it back to the city for a city hall, reserving the right to use it for eighteen months, or until the new court house was ready for use.
By order of the court in 1831, John Godfrey, County Attorney, was appointed to sell the old court house, which led to the above transfer, and Thomas A. Hill, John Godfrey and Thornton McGaw, were appointed a committee for building a new court house, that cost twenty thousand dollars.
On the building of the new court house, Hammond street, then very steep, was graded down and the earth spread over West Market square and Broad streets, that before, were often flooded during high tides. In 183G Court street was graded, and more earth was spread over the doAvn town streets, bringing them to grade.
Very early, the proprietors of the building had trouble with the land owners in front who begun to erect buildings, and it was not many years before it was entirely shut out from the square, and reached by a narrow passageway.
In 1850 it was turned round and moved to its location on Columbia street, lengthened some thirty feet, enlarged and re- paired. The basement was fitted up for a police station with a few cells, strongly secured with iron bars. The ground floor was used for offices, police court room for some time, and quarters for the city council. The upper story was used for a public hall.
The main entrance was on Columbia Street. In front was a
ThelFirstBangorjCity HaU 55
large entry, on each side of which were broad stairs that led to the entry and hall above. From this last entry, stairs built over the ones below, led to the galleries. At the end opposite the entry was a large stage, with galleries all around, except over the stage. The hall was plastered and painted, bare and undecorated. The police station was reached by the present alleyway, and also by a stairway to the floor above.
Between the building and Hammond street was a spacious lawn, surrounded by a wooden fence, the top covered with sharp pointed iron, that was uncomfortable for loafers. In the centre of the lawn, in recent times at least, was a large flower bed. The building was shingled, clapboarded, and painted in color that pleased the mayor who ordered it done.
In 1850 the population was over fourteen thousand; its growth during the last twenty years had been remarkable. Great lumber mills had been erected on the river where thousands of men were employed; the harbor was crowded with shipping, the streets thronged with river drivers, woodsmen and sailors. It was the liveliest and most enterprising city in New England.
Lower Broad street that already had a number of large brick buildings ceased to be the business centre, and Exchange, Main, and State streets, were built up substantially as we have them now.
In 1855 Norombega hall was built, and the old city hall ceased to be the scene of attraction. About this time Acadian hall, in Circular block was built, and other smaller halls.
Some time in the seventies a small brick building was erected for a hose house, next south of the city hall ; but was later taken as a police station and police court room, the latter in the upper story.
In 1892-3 came the memorable struggle for a new city hall, which rapidly ripened, and the corner stone was laid in 1893 with elaborate ceremonies.
April 23, 1893, the city council voted to move the old build- ing across the street on the Adams lot, preparatory for the new work, the job being done by Mr. Luce, of Waterville. It was occupied for a year or more on its new site for city purposes.
May 3d, 1893, it was voted to remove the brick building used by the police, and aa a police court room.
56 Bangor Historical Society
The city council also appointed Councilman Parkhurst, Alderman Earle and City Clerk Brett a special committee to prepare and submit a brief historical sketch of the old city hall. The committee have not as yet reported.
June 6, 1894, it was voted to tear down the old city hall building, and erect it back of the city stables, where it is now occupied as a storehouse and armory.
June 12, 1894, voted to sell the old furniture that is not fit for the new city hall.
SUMMARY
1812, building erected and called the Court House.
April 24, 1817, leased to the county of Penobscot for a court house.
December 14, 1825, sold to the county for the above purpose.
April 17, 1831, sold to Bangor for a city hall.
1850, moved, fronting Columbia street, turned round and enlarged.
1894, torn down, and rebuilt back of City stables off Court street.
Size of building, forty by eighty feet, and three stories high.
The second bell is now in the attic of the Ward 4 hose house.
OLD CITY HALL SONG
Adapted from "The Brave Old Oak" and sung by E. F. Duren on the Occasion of the Enlarged and Remodelled Bangor City Hall 1849
A song for the Hall, the brave old Hall,
That has breasted the tempests long; Here's endless renown to its bald old crown,
And its many timbers strong; What life in its looks! to church going folks
When the bell in its steeple rang, And the bright sun shone in the days by-gone
And birds on the Sabbath sang. Then sing to the Hall! the brave old Hall,
That stood in its glory alone With front sublime, defying time,
When its neighbors all are gone.
In the days of old when the sun with gold
Was lighting its roof so gay, Through its doors broadfold, passed the young and old
On the nation's holiday, And maidens so fair breathed the soft air
And laughed with frolicsome swains — They are gone, — they are dead, in the graveyard laid,
But the Hall it still remains. Then sing to the Hall! &c.
It sees the new times, and this evening's chimes
Are a merry sound to hear. And tho' the Brave Hall has grown so tall
It ever to us is dear. Now numbers have come — they inust have room,
And on the Old Hall agree — So have stretched it out long, and made it strong,
For the wonderful times to be, Thensing to theHall!&c.
DONATIONS
April 30, 1911— December 31, 1915
The Society is trying to keep a complete record of its acces- sions in books provided for that purpose. Here the articles are listed in the briefest possible form. The books and other printed matter are as yet unarranged; but the material for the cabinet has been carefully assorted and a large part of it dis- played in our exhibition cases, with suitable labels. As these cases have become full it has been found necessary to remove and store many articles in the drawers below the cases or else- where.
Gifts are here arranged by years; each year's record being opened by a paragraph of gifts from unknown sources. A few were actually given anonymously, but in many cases, es- pecially before the Society had a permanent home, labels be- came lost or misplaced. Anyone who can identify one or more of these gifts from unknown sources will confer a real favor.
1911 Giver unknown.
Stone pestle found at mouth of Moose River, Moosehead Lake, by John Holden of Rockwood. — 3 broken arrow or spear heads. — 2 cabinet photographs of Dr. Gushing. — Tlu-ce-doUar note Landholders' Bank of South Kingston, 1823. — Card photograph of Mary Nicola, alias Molly Molasses, 1865. — 10 cents in U. S. fractional currency in gilded frame. — Satin bookmark. — Badge, Somersworth, N. H., old home week, 1903. — Bookmark showing Gov. Garver's chair. — Silk badge, St. John's Gommandery, Bangor, 1874. — Picture postal, Old arsenal, Bangor; — Halftone of Union Square schoolhouse. — 2 vol- umes— 29 pamphlets — 73 nos. of periodicals. Chandler, Mr. James A., Bangor.
Manuscript shipping register of Abiathar Rogers, 1801-1808. Curran, Mrs. Mary H., Bangor.
1 card Cutler, Rev. Charles H., Bangor.
3 manuscripta relating to Rev. Harvey Loomis of Bangor. — A silk badge. — "A successful life; autobiography of Ehashib Adams." — 1 vol. Dennett, Dr. William S., New York Gity.
Autograph book containing signatures of many diatinguiahed per-
Donations 1911-1912 59
sons. — Ten-inch Confederate shell from Fort Fisher. — Brass military ornament. — 1 pamphlet. Dillingham, Mr. Edwin F., Bangor.
2 pamphlets.
Eaton, Miss Isabelle G., Bangor.
A collection of 19 almanacs, pub. in Mass. and Maine 1791-1804 — Bowles's new pocket map of the world 1787. Fellows, Mr. WiUiam W., Bangor.
Candle snuffers. — Letter from Albion K. Parris to Wm. D. William- son, 1815. Haines, Mrs. Flora E. Hinckley, Bangor.
I pamphlet.
Hopkins, Mr. Joshua W., Bangor.
"A short but comprehensive system of the geography of the world, by Nathaniel Dwight, 4th Northampton edition." Hubbard, Mr. Walter L., Charleston.
3 pamphlets.
Oak, Mr. John M., Bangor.
II deeds and other documents relating to land in Boscawen, N. H., Chelsea, Vt., and Garland, Me., belonging to Benj. H. Oak, and others.
Patch, Hon. WilUs Y., Bangor.
1 volume.
Potter, Capt. David, Heirs of Bangor.
Colton's Atlas of the world 1855. Volume I. Stupell, Mrs. Charlotte R., Bangor.
Bill of sale of Pew no. 58, Brewer Congregational Meeting House to H. R. Stupell, Jan. 1, 18G6.— 8 pamphlets. — Framed motto. Sweet, Mr. Caldwell, Bangor.
5 Bangor Mechanic Association receipts for dues, 1867-73. — Bangor tax receipt, 1866. — Water service receipt, 1877.
1912 Giver unknown.
Framed portrait of Pres. Lincoln. — Views of Union Square and Palm Street Schools, Bangor. — A set of almanacs (mostly "Maine farmers' almanacs" and "Old farmers' almanacs") 1823-1892 with a few breaks and some imperfect numbers. — Bangor school reports 1892-3, 1891-5, 1901-5.— 3 vols.— 100 pamphlets.— '15 periodicals. Archer, Mr. Herbert L., Bangor.
16 pamphlets on Bangor. Bangor Children's Home.
2 pamphlets. Bangor School Department.
1 pamphlet. Blanding, Mr. Edward M., Bangor.
1 volume. — 3 pamphlets. — 8 periodicals. Buzzell, Mrs. James C, Bangor.
1 pamphlet.
60 Bangor Historical Society
Carnegie Hero Fund Commission, Pittsbui-gh, Pa.
1 pamphlet. Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Haven.
Walradt's "Financial history of Connecticut," 1912. Crosby, Mr. James H., Bangor.
Cutler's "Harvey Loomis."— Crosby's "Historical sketch of the First Congregational Church." Curran, Mrs. Mary H., Bangor.
1 periodical and two sheets.
Davenport, Mrs. F. S., Bangor.
"Songs of the legal fraternity Phi Delta Phi." Dillingham, Mr. Edwin F., Bangor.
Manuscript records of the islands of Maine, giving sales of lots, etc. Dunbar, Mrs. Wales
Two scrap-books: one of Civil war photographs and clippings; the other of authors, composers and musicians. Eaton, Miss Clara D., Bangor.
Fragments of two Boston newspapers of 1912. Eaton, Miss Isabelle G. Bangor.
Eleven newspapers pub. in Maine 1819-1890 — President's message to Congress Nov. 17, 1818. Elhson, Miss Sarah E., West Brooksville.
Piece of wood from ship "Sky rocket" of Saltonstall's fleet in the Penobscot expedition 1779, burned off Fort Point Aug. 14, 1779. — 10 pamphlets. — 6 periodicals. Fellows, Mr. William W., Bangor.
Brick from the Lowder tomb, Bangor — Silk badge from Phila- delphia centennial 1876 — "Bangor directory 1867-8." Flanders, Mr. Albert A. Hampden.
Stone from old oven at Fort Pentagoet, Castine, built by La Tour. Foster, Mr. H. B. Bangor.
Two periodicals. Gallupe, Miss Lucy. Bangor.
Three facsimiles of early newspapers: "Boston News-letter Apr. 17-24, 1704" (first newspaper printed in America); "New York Gazette" May 25, 1775; "Independent Chronicle and the Universal Advertiser" Boston Jan. 1, 1784. Gerrish, Mr. R. F. West Sullivan.
2 pamphlets. — 2 periodicals and 1 letter. Giddings, Miss Madeline. Bangor.
Note book, accounts and bills of E. C. Giddings, treasurer Bangor Ladies Christian Commission 1864-65. G. A. R., Haimibal Hamlin post, Bangor.
$180 in Confederate money. Haines, Mrs. Flora E. Hinckley, Bangor.
7 pamphlets and 1 clipping. Harlow, Miss Mabd. Boston.
4 numbers "Maine historical magazine."
Donations 1912 61
Holden, Miss Charlotte L., Bangor.
28 numbors of newspapers 1773-1865 including the composite reprint number of Peter Edes' "Bangor Register" dated Nov. 16, 1816—1 pamphlet. Holland, Mr. Henry W., Cambridge, Mass.
100 Civil war envelopes. Holland, Miss Josephine P., Allston Mass.
Newspaper clipping on Bangor High School Alumni Association. HoUihan, Mr. Timothy E., Bangor.
First primary ballot (Democratic) ever cast in Bangor, 1912. — 2 pamphlets. Hopkins, Mr. Joshua W., Bangor.
"Royal standard English dictionary." Hubbard, Mr. Walter L., Charleston.
30 pamphlets. — 3 periodicals. Hubbard, Mrs. William P., Bangor.
18 puuiphlets. — 1 periodical. Jennijigti, Hon. Stephen, Boston.
Facsimiles of the Declaration of Independence and the Louisiana purchase treaty. Also a group picture of the "War Congress of the U. S." Kennedy, Mr. Charles F., Brewer.
2 pamphlets. Maine State Library, Augusta.
1 pamphlet.
Maine University Orono.
2 pamphlets.
Noble, Mrs. F. H., Bangor.
5 printed and 1 typewritten reports of Bangor Home for Aged Women. Patch, Hon. Willis Y., Bangor.
Allen's "American biographical dictionary." — 2 pamphlets. Pullen, Mrs. Horace M., Bangor.
Scrap book of newspaper clippings relating principally to Rev. Geo. W. Field. — George W. Field memorial. — Chapin Humphrey memorial. — 10 pamphlets. Rich, Mr. Everett F., Bangor.
Two typewritten copies of agreement for purchase of Norombega Hall. Smith, Rev. Ashley A., Bangor.
Phelps' Life of U. S. Grant.— Pamphlets. Tilton, Mr. Charles E., Bangor.
1st report of the Maine Board of Education 1847. Wood, Mrs. Charles H., Bangor.
Typewritten copy of her a<l{lrcH8 boforn Mnitia Council D, A, H. on the Indians of Maine iu the American Revolution.
62 Bangor Historical Society
1913
Giver unknown.
A series of four colored drawings illustrating the opening battles of the Revolution by St. John Honeywood. There seems no doubt that these drawings were copied by Honeywood, as a school boy, from the Doohttle engravings of the same subjects. — A parcel of newspaper chppings. — A collection of cards and badges. — Plan of Fort Pentagoet 1670 with descriptive text by C. W. Noyes. — "Memorial of the Anti- quarian Society of Bangor to the Legislature of Maine assembled at Augusta, 1847."— Maiming's Bangor city plan — 19 pamphlets — 43 nos. of periodicals.
Archer, Mr. Herbert L., Bangor.
1 pamphlet.
Bangor Chamber of Commerce.
2 pamphlets. Bangor Pubhc Library.
7 volumes. Barrows, Mr. George W. E., Bangor.
Bangor Evening Times, 1865 (vol. 7 no. 243). Blanding, Mr. Edward M., Bangor.
18 pamphlets. — 9 nos. of periodicals. Brett, Mr. Victor, Bangor.
1 volume. Burgess, Mr. WiUiam E., Bangor.
Two coins: U. S. cent 1820 and French five centimes. Buzzell, Mrs. James C, Bangor.
1 pamphlet. — 13 nos. of periodicals. Chandler, Mr. James A., Bangor.
3 nos. of Bangor Evening Times for 1860. Crosby, Mr. James H., Bangor.
Woman's edition, Bangor Daily Commercial, Feb. 22, 1891. Dickey, Mr. William P., Bangor.
Facsimile of the first newspaper ever printed in America: "Boston News-letter, Apr. 1704." Eaton, Miss Clara D., Bangor.
2 copies of the composite reprint no. of Peter Edes "Bangor Weekly Register" dated Nov. 16, 1816. — 2 volumes. — one number of "Ameri- can advocate" Hallowcll, 1823.
EUison, Miss Sadie, West Brooksville.
4 pamphlets.
Fellows, Mr. William W., Bangor.
Old-fashioned pod auger. — Piece of old blockhouse at Edgecomb, Me.— Part of a rib of U. S. frigate "John Adams" destroyed at Hamp- den 1814. — Old iron candlestick. — Carrier's address, "\Mjig and Courier" Jan. 1, 1854. — A sorica of 12 stereoscopic views of Bangor 1869-71.— "Ulster County Gazette" Jan. 4, 1800 with notice of Wash- ington's death. — Old snuff box. — Poem "To Moll Molasses" by David
Donations 1913-1914 53
Barker (newspaper clipping).— Silk badge Philadelphia exposition 1876. —"Boston school atlas" 1835. Gerrish, Mr. R. F. West Sullivan.
6 pamphlets. Giddings, Miss Madeline Bangor.
13 publications of the Bangor Children's Home. Hennessy, Mr. Wilfrid A. Bangor.
1 pamphlet. — 2 periodicals.
Hubbard, Mr. Walter L., Charleston.
Original record book of the First Baptist Society of Bangor 1858- 1883. — 16 pamphlets. Lander, Miss L. E. Bangor.
Facsimile of the Boston News-letter 1704 (first newspaper printed in America) and G. A. R. facsimile of Vicksburg Daily Citizen of July 4, 1863. Lord, Hon. Henry, Bangor.
19 pamphlets, mostly relating to Bangor.— 5 periodicals. Mason, Dr. William C, Bangor.
A large bronze medal evidently struck by the state of Virginia in honor of some Indian treaty of 1780. (This medal is actually unknown in Va. but there is one in the British Museum and the late W. S. Appleton of Boston had one). — 5 pamphlets. Porter, Misses Rh(jda J. and Mary S., Bangor.
The Maine pension roll (an excerpt from U. S. pension list of 1835); also 4 paiiJi)hlet8. Robinson, Dr. D;inioI A., Bangor.
2 ttj i«^s of his "Reminiscences of an old grad." Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa.
5 volumes i'roceedings and transactions 1907-1913. Smith, Rev. Ashle.y A., Bangor.
Report of ihi Mum-Cromwell trial 1888 in 2 vols. Steward, Mrs. Joeiah. Bangor.
1 pamphlet. Swan, Mr. Charles C.
"Memoirs of Mrs. Deborah H. Porter," 1848. Webster, Miss Mary L., Bangor.
Athene Club calendars 1896-7; 1898-9 through 1911-12. Wills, Mr. Henry T.
His "Scientific tariff making" 1913.
1914 Giver unknown.
3 leaves from "American magazine of useful knowledge" with Bangor views and descriptive text : View of the city of Bangor; View of Ban- gor House; View of Unitarian Church. — Bangor Newspaper clippings: "History of the Whig" 1898 and "Death of John H. Lyndc" 1874.— Manuscriptsheetmusic, "My NannieO," byBurns,"JockO'Hazeldcan"
64 Secretary's Report for 1914
by Scott, "They're a noddin' " and "The harvo«t," Enfield, N. H. — Agreement of Benj. Bussey to sell a lot of 50 acres on new road (from Essex street to Orono) to Alexander and Ballot ine Jackson; sijined by Samuel Lowder, attorney. — Trade edition of Bangor Commercial, Nov. 2, 1900 — 2 carnival badges 1912. — Fryeburg Congi-egational Church invitation. — nos. 1-8.— Small bronze medal commemorating American ind( pendence, 1S76. — 3 volumes. — 36 pamphlets — 13 nos. of periodicals.
Adams, Mrs. James. Bangor.
Bangor Daily Evening Times v. 7, no. 243, 1865.
Archer, Mr. Herbert L., Bangor.
Bangor city directories, 1851, 1S64, 1903, 1907.— Bangor School Committee reports from 1891-5 to date (lacking '96-7 and '05-6), — Bangor High School Catalogues 1906-7, 1908-9, 1910-14,-3 volumes— 110 pamphlets, programs, etc., chiefly 1909-14.
Bangor.
Framed oil painting of Sarnuel Farrar (1805-1862) an old Bangor resident, prominent in business circles, president of the Mercantile Bank and judge of the Municipal Court in 1837. Came to the City under will of John E. L. Hazen of Shirley, Mass., whose mother, Mrs. Sarah Hazen, was Samuel Farrar's adopted daughter.
Bangor Chamber of Commerce. 8 pamphlets.
Bangor City Clerk.
City reports 1913-14.
Bangor Daily News.
1 number of paper. Bangor Public Library.
53 volumes. — 9 pamphlets. Bartlett, Mr. Charles H., Bangor.
Morton's "New England's memorial" — Bangor directories 1867 and 1892— Addresses by Webster 1825 and J. Q. Adams 1835— A sermon by C. C. Everett 18()5 — 1 volume — 12 pamphlets — 4 nos. of periodicals. Bartlett, Miss Ella Bangor.
A copy of the reprint from early Bangor Registers, dated Nov. 16, 1816. Blanding, Mr. Edward M., Bangor.
2 Maine State Grange badges 1909 — Print of Society's seal— 5 volumes — 31 pamphlets — 4 nos. of periodicals.
Blood, Mrs. H. W., Bangor.
Manuscript address delivered by Mighill Blood before Hancock Musical Society, Jan. 27, 1814 — Worcester magazine vol. 2, no. 52, 1787— Stevens "System of discipline of th'- artillery of the U.S." 1797. Boothby, Hon. F. E., Waterville.
Pamphlet describing Katahdin Iron Works.
Donations 1914 65
Bourne, Mr. Augustus L., - Bangor.
11 legal documents relating to parties in Boxford and other towns in Essex County, Mass., chiefly 1730-1765—12 enlistment papers of Mass. men into military service 17130. Bradford, Mr. Eugene E.
Model of ship of war, in case of wood and glass; made from meat and chicken bones by George Bradford, lieutenant on privateer "Elbridge Gerry" while a prisoner of war in Dartmoor, England. Bragdon, Mr. Charles M.
Large Indian pestle of mottled stone. Burr, Misses Ella and Harriet M., Bangor.
A file of bound volumes of the "Bangor Jeffersonian" vol. 1-22, 1849-1870. Burrows, Mr. Charles W. Cleveland, O.
Framed facsimile of Amos Doolittle's engraving of Battle of Lexing- ton. The original Doolittle engraving was the property of this Society and loaned to Burrows Bros, to copy for illustration for Avery's "History of the U. S." It was returned and lost in fire of 1911. — Two other framed engravings: map of New Netherland by Visscher, and map of Salem Village 1692.-^Avery^s History of the U. S. vol. I. Burton, Mr. Clarence M. Detroit.
Three pamphlets on early Detroit by C. M. Burton. Butler, Miss Ellen H., Bangor.
Sproat's "Present to h'abbath schools" 1829 and Taylor's "Busy Idleness" 1832. Cambridge Historical Society, Cambridge, Mass.
Its Publications, nos. 1 — 8. Cannon, Mr. John T., Bangor.
Carrier's address, Bangor Mercury Jan. 1, 1855. — Two Bangor newspapers 1869. Cluff, Mr. George W., Bangor.
Bangor High School graduating exercises 1883, 1901, '05, '07. — Bill of fare of collation to Pres. Grant, Bangor Oct. 18, 1871. Curran, Mrs. Mary H., Bangor.
Memorial, James Ellison 1778-1820. Dennett, Mr. Stanley P. Bangor.
Trunk of large tree partly gnawed o(T by beavera. Dennett, Dr. William S., New York City.
Sword of James Thomas, quarterraastei -general of the U. S. army in the War of 1812.— also "Act of Congress for the relief of James Thomas." Dickinson, Mr. G. I., Worcester, Mass.
View of Bangor from Brewer, by Pendleton, Boston, from a drawing by A. H. Wallace, 17i by 27i inches. Dillingham, Mr. Edwin F., BanRor.
A parcel of newspaper chppings relating to Bangor, including notices
66 Bangor Historical Society
of Rev. G. W. Field and Mrs. C. A. Boutelle, also a long letter on the British in Bangor in 1814 by J. K. Whitney.— 40 pamphlets— 38 nos. of periodicals. Dillingham, Dr. Frederick H., New York.
Card portrait of William Hutchings of Penobscot, one of last two survivors of the Revolutionary army. Taken in Bangor Oct. 16, 1865 when he was 101. Doane, Mrs. Walter \Y. Bangor.
41 numbers of Bangor Daily Whig and Courier, 1863-65. Dole, Mr. Wilham B. Bangor.
Picture of old Dole and Fogg mill which stood 1855-93 near Raikoad Street. Dow, Mr. Richard S.
Campbell's "Tariff or rates of duties, 1828"— "Charter and ordinan- ces of Bangor 1839"— "Collation to Pres. of U. S. 1871." Duren, Mr. Elnathan F., Bangor.
His accounts as treasurer of Penobscot Conference 1886-87. — Re- ceipt for payment of $78 by Hammond street church to its Sunday School, 1884. — A collection of newspaper clippings. — Letter from First Congregational Church of Bangor inviting Rev. J. E. Adams to an ecclesiastical council 1881. — 89 pamphlets — 7 nos. of periodicals. — 137 weekly calendars Hammond Street church 1911-1913. Duren, Miss Mary F., Bangor.
Signed photograph of Elnathan F. Duren, taken on his 100th birth- day, Jan. 14, 1914. Eckstorm, Mrs. Fannie Hardy. Brewer.
Typewritten biographical sketches of Jeremiah T., Jonathan E. and Mary Ann Hardy, with portraits; also poetical selections from the pens of members of the family. Fairbanks, Capt. Henry N., Estate of Bangor.
Framed portrait of Hannibal Hamlin with autograph. Farnham, Gen. Augustus B., Bangor.
A silk state flag of Maine — Pictiueof state flagof 1901. — 1 pamphlet Fellows, Mr. William W., Bangor.
Three pieces from one of the port sills of the IJ. S. frigate "Constitu- tion," taken out when repairs were made at Kittery about 1855. — Old weeding hoc found at St. Albans, Me. — Piece of old elm on Bo.ston Common which fell Feb. 15, 1876. — Barrel of ancient pistol from St. Albans, Me. — Iron candlestick from St. Albans. — Medal made on the grounds at Chicago exposition 1893. — Large bronze medal commemo- rating same exposition. — Watch fob commcmoral ;ng centennial of Her- mon, Me., 1914. — F. H. Hodge's Oration in Bangor July 4, 1838.— "The Penobscot Freeman" Bangor vol. 3-4, 1835-36. — 1 volume. — 10 pamphlets. — 11 nos. of periodicals. Flagg, Mr. Charles A., Bangor.
Piece of ceiling of Assembly Chamber in the new capitol, Albany,
Donations 1914 67
N. Y., contracted for and paid for an carved oak, made of ordinary plaster, colored. Flanagan, Mr. John P., Bangor.
Two handbills offering rewards for search of Sir John Franklin £3,000 and £20,000 respectively. Flanders, Mr. Herbert G., Hampden.
Flint lock musket, made in England in 1742, with bayonet and cartridge box. It was carried at the battle of Hampden 1814 by Robert Gary of Hampden. Mr. Flanders called the Society's atten- tion to it, and one dollar each was contributed for its purchase by E. M. Blanding, G. A. Flagg, E. F. Rich, F. D. Pullen, VV. L. Head, W. W. Fellows, I. K. Stetson and G. H. Bartlett. Garnsey, Mr. Frank A., Bangor.
Photograph showing block on Hammond Street across from Ohio Street, between 1883 and 1889. Godfrey, Mrs. George F., Bangor.
51 numbers of "Bangor historical magazine." Goodspeed, Mr. Gharles E., Boston.
David Davis' certificate of one share in Bangor Social Library signed by Moses Patten, sec, and Alexander Savage, treas. G. A. R., B. H. Beale post, Bangor.
Draft box of 4th Maine District in Civil war 1863-65, presented to the post by Elijah Low, provost-marshal. — Two large folio volumes containing personal war sketches of all members of the post. Hadlock, Mr. Levi J.
Thomas' Farmer's almanacs, 1838, '48, and '68. — Harris' Maine register 1843. — Dickinson's Boston almanac 1841. Haines, Mrs. Flora E. Hinckley, l^angor.
Bangor reports 1907-8 — 1 pamphlet.— 3 nos. of periodicals. — Me- morial card T. D. Sullivan, 1904. Hamilton, Mis. Estelle. Bangor.
Program, Home Culture Club, 1914-15. Hamhn, Mr. Frank, Chicago.
Letter dated Bath, July 9, 1856, from F. H. Morse, president of Re- publican State Convention of 1856, to Hannibal Hamlin, U. S. Senate, announcing the latter's nomination for governor. Hanson, Mrs. Anna D.,
Letters from Seih K. Devereaux making inquiries about the 1865 Fourth of July celebration in Bangor, with newspaper clippings on the event. Mr. Devereux, as collector of customs at Castine, brought the old Revolutionary veteran William Hutchings to Bangor at that time. Harding, Mr. Albra H., Bangor.
Two rough drawings of Exchange street near the Penohacot Exchange hotel, with explanattuy iiok-s by Mr. Harding: conlrihu- tions to the history of an old-time controversy. — 'i'hrce-doliar bank note of the Stillwater Canal Bank of Orono, 1840.
68 Bangor Historical Society
Hardy, Mr. Amos E., Bangor.
Flint-lock Tower musket, earned at the battleof Hampden 1814 by a member of the Knowles family— Part of the tail of a Congreve rocket fired by British in same battle.— Flint lock pistol carried by a British officer in same battle and later picked up on the field.— Two circidar iron shields carried by Arab horsemen and brought from Damascus about 1S70.— Pail- of flint-lock pistols made by A. H. Waters of Mill- bury, Mass., 1844.— Large double barreled pistol.— SmaU double barreled pistol, 7 inches in length.— Pair of spurs from body of a dead Confederate soldier at Spotsylvania. — Indian stone gouge from Hampden.— Short sword with sheath, in form of Roman gladius, made for use in U. S. army. — Sword bayonet used in U. S. army. — Knife bayonet.— :^Iachete made by Clarkand Parsons Co., East Wilton, Me.— Bowie knife taken from a Confederate soldier at the battle of Malvern Hill. — Swedish sailor's knife.
Hardy, Mr. Walter M., Brewer.
Broadside: "Rates of wharfage, dockage, and storage at Bangor, Me." May 1843.
Harrigan, Mr. Martin, Bangor.
A bound volume of "Bangor Daily Journal" for 1855.
Hennessy, Mr. Wilfrid A., Bangor.
10 pamphlets.
Howe, Mrs. Caroline Frost, Kingston, Mass.
Bag made and embroidered by Mrs. Howe when a girl of 12 years in Bangor, from the breeches worn by her father, Col. Oliver Frost, in the "Aroostook War" 1839.
Hubbard, Mr. Weaker L., Charleston.
Record book of the Baptist church in Palmyra, 1810-1840.— Record book of the Baptist Maternal Society, Bangor, 1830-1851.— Treasurer's record book 1826-1857, believed to be that of the First Baptist Church of Bangor. — Picture of First Baptist Church, Bangor.— Register of First Baptist Sabbath School, Bangor 1847-1890.— Cleave- land and Packard's "History of Bowdoin College," — Treasurer's reports, Colby College 1891-95, '97-1900, 1902-05.— Higgins Classical Institute catalogues 1892-1913. — Minutes of Baptist Missionary Convention, 1884, 86, '97-1909, '11-12.— Lessons of First Baptist Sunday School 1855, '60-62, '65-70.— "Declaration of belief, church covenant and catalogue of members of the First Baptist Church of Bangor" 1868 and 1879. — 28 volumes— 55 pamphlets. — 39 nos. of periodicals.
Hubbard, Mrs. William P. Bangor.
Bangor city directories 1859 and 1864.
Indiana Slate Library. Indianapolis.
1 pamphlet.
Jones, Mr. Henry C. Cambridge, Mass.
6 Bangor business cards 1840-60.
Donations 1914 gp
Kennedy, Mr. Charles F., Brewer.
Plan of the Veazie depot lot, Bangor, 187S, including plot between Cumberland, Harlow, Curve and Market streets.
Knowles, Mrs. Warren H., Bangor.
Bangor city directory 1859.— Armstrong's "Notices of the War of 1812" vol. 2.— Knowles' Bangor business almanac 1875.— "City councils and mayors of Bangor 1834-1881."
Lander, Miss L. E. Bangor.
Augusta centennial souvenir edition of "Daily Kennebec Journal" June 9, 1897.— "Portland Transcript" vols. 24-26, bound.
Lord, Hon. Henry, Bangor.
1 pamphlet.
Mason, Dr. William C, Bangor.
"A prospect of the colledges in Cambridge in New England" 172G (one of 150 facsimiles made in 1914).— Early Bangor House letter- heads 1837-51.— View of Bangor from Brewer.— Broadside catalogue of Bowdoin College 1818.— Plan and valuation of pews in Unitarian Church, Bangor, 1830.— Deed of pew in that church to Edward Kent and John Mason.— Edward Kent's hymn book from same church, with name stamped in gold on cover.— J. W. Geyer's account of dis- bursements of brig "Caspian" 1827.— Photograph of Henry Van Meter, an ex-slave and old resident of Bangor.— 2 handbills of slave auctions in Charleston, S. C, about 185G.— Memento of the last legal hanging in Maine 1880 in form of a blank form prepared as a practical joke on a well known Bangor character.— Menu of 1855 meeting of the New England Society of Charleston, S. C— Silhouettes of Joseph Bryant, William Abbott and Peleg Chandler.— Harrison campaign badge 1840.— One of last passes over the Brewer bridge.— Financial papers of John C. Dexter of Bangor, 1829-33.— Old hotel bills.- Bos- ton documents of the "thirties."— Map of Bangor 1SS2.— Photograph of. H. W. Longfellow's class silhouette at time of graduation from Bowdoin College 1825.— Circular of Penob.scot Society for the Pro- motion of Temperance 1831.— Circular letter from American Tem- perance Society to Temperance Society of Brewer. — Daguerreotype of Rev. Harvey Loomis.- Two charts "Appraisal of pews in the Union Street Church Bangor" between 1855 and ISCO.— A collection of papers legal forms, etc., chiefly of Ira Pitman 1S55-1S75.— Printed form of demand for payment of note, Bangor 183-.— Original deed conveying a tract of land on west side of Kennebec River (in what is now Bowdoinham to AGreen and Eleazer Crabtree 1761. — Notea by Mrs. Mary H. Curran relating to the (Citizens watch of Bangor 1828-30.— Souvenir post card of Royal Mail steamer "Empress of Ireland" mailed on voyage last preceding her loss in the St. LavsTence — Packages of stamps that had passed through the Bangor fire of 1911. — Bark taken from the oldist of the Waverly oaks at Waverly, Mass., behevcd to be over 1000 years old. — 6 i)aljlicali()ns relating to Bangor centennial of 18G9. — 6 volumes — 182 pamphlets. — 22 nos. of periodicals.
70 Bangor Historical Society
Merrill, Mr. Alanson J., ' Bangor.
Group of portraits, including Mayor Wakefield, the Board of Alder- men and City Clerk of 1866 (framed). Merrill, Miss Alice.
A copy of the reprint of "Bangor Weekly Register" dated Nov. 16, 1816. Moorehead, Prof. Warren K., Andover, Mass.
36 parcels of Indian relics from various points in Maine: Bluehill, Egypt Bay, Sullivan Falls, and Lake Alarnoo.sook; illustrating "Red paint" culture. Morse, Mr. Frank S., Bangor.
Grape shot picked up near Long wharf, Hampden, in 1913. Nebraska State Historical Society, Lincoln
Its Collections, vol. 17. New Mexico Historical Society, Sante Fe.
Its Publications no. 9,13, 15-19, and one other pamphlet. New York Historical Society, New York City.
1 pamphlet. Oak, Mr. John M., Bangor.
Manuscript report of the "Committee on slavery and Kansas affairs" of the Maine Legislature — Newspaper clippings "The new book of chronicles," etc. — Writ addressed to the Sheriff of Fairfax County, Va. dated July 4, 1763. — 3 manuscripts. — Lyndon Oak's "History of Garland, Me." — 1 pamphlet. Olsen, Mr. C. Freeman, Bangor.
Daniel George's Almanack 1779 and one other volume. Patch, Hon. Willis Y., Bangor.
Large bronze medal commemorating the Northwestern Sanitary Fair, Chicago, 1865. — 10 cent fractional paper currency, Bank of State of Maine, Bangor, 1862. Perry, Mrs. Sumner, Presque Isle.
Commission of Samuel F. Thompson of Bangor as 1st heutenant of B company of riflemen in 1st regiment, Ist brigaile, 9th division, Maine Militia Oct. 19, 1855 and his honorable discharge on disbanding of company Dec. 6, 1856 — His commission as 1st heutenant of Com- pany I, r2th Maine Infantry Oct. 15, 1861. — Original enhstment roll of Company I, 12th Maine Infantry, 1861-62.— "Battle song of the 2d division, 19th army corps" (composed of 16 regiments including 12th Maine).— New York Herald, Sat., April 15, 1865, mourning edition with announcement of Lincoln's death. Philbrook, Mrs. Abby C, Bangor.
Dressing gown of Gov. John Hancock of Mass. — Silver shoe and knee buckles of Daniel Cony of Augusta about 1790. — Dr. Watts' "Divine songs for Children," given to Abigail Guild Cony by her father Hon. Daniel Cony 1797. — "Herald of liberty" vol. I, no. 28, printed by Peter Edes, Augusta July, 8, 1812. — "Ulster County Gazette" Jan. 4, IStX), with notice of Washington's death. — Map of
Donations 1914 71
the world drawn by Abigail C. Cony in 1807.— Fan from Havana 1849. — Chinese carved fan. Pickering, Miss Jane, Bangor.
Dunlap'a or the General Advertiser, vol. 3, no. 155, 1774 and two other old newspapers.— 2 pamphlets. Porter, Misses Rhoda J. and Mary S., Bangor.
John Blake's bill for Peter Edes' "Bangor Weekly Register" Nov. 25, 1815 to Aug. 25, 1817, 13.54.— Documents including lists of dele- gates, credentials, etc., relating to Penobscot County in Republican state conventions held at Portland, June 13, 1882 and Bangor Apr. 30, 1884. — Printed form for summons to military duty, to Thomas Boynton of Capt. Fulton's company 1842. — Five copies of A. C. Colton's bill for board and medical attention to men of 22d, 26th and 28th Maine regiments and others at Camp John Pope, Sept. and Oct. 1862. — Regimental order book of a Bangor militia regiment command- ed by Col. Geo. W. Cummings, Dec. 14, 1838-May 1, 1843. At first the 2d regiment, 1st brigade, 3d division, M. V. M., its designation was twice changed in 1841, to 1st regiment, 4th brigade, 3d division and 1st regiment, 2d brigade, 9th division. — The Caribou edition of the "Aroostook Republican" and one other newspaper. Pullen, Col. Frank D. Bangor.
Bronze plate, originally attached to picture of St. Joseph, after Guido, presented to Bangor PubUc Library, in memory of Chapin Humphrey by his widow, Mrs. Lucy Humphrey Field, 1910. This plate was recovered after the fire of 1911. Quinn, Miss Marie, Bangor.
Hair bracelet of her great-great grandmother Mary Godfrey of Sedgwick. — Portrait and coffin plate of Mrs. Mary M. Cunningham who died 1905 aged 105. Rich, Mr. Percy C, Bangor.
Menu of H. C. Chapman's dinner to quarter century travelling men, 1913. Roberts, Miss Charlotte, Bangor.
Bangor city directory 1859. — Si)oR'ord's Farmer's almanack 1829. — "The World" N. Y. vol. 2, no. 009. 1862. Roberts, Miss Elizabeth W., Bangor.
Woman's edition, Bangor Commercial Feb. 22, 1897. Roberts, Misses Elizabeth W., Leila H. and Maiy H., Bangor.
Flax-wheel dating back to 1765 from oM Howard house Bangor. Picture of old Howard house, Bangor, taken 1869.— Anothor picture showing mill, flax-wheel and other furnishings of above house. —Pic- ture of old birch tree near Howard house, under which a detach- ment of British troops dined in 1814.— Carriers, address, Bangor Register 1824. — Three views of interior of Central Church, Bangor.— Foot-stove used in Howard family at church services. — Policemun's rattle from Howard house. — Copy of will of Mary Norton 1669, be- queathing Old South Church property, Bobtun.
^2 Bangor Historical Society
Rogers, Mra. Jeannette S., North Newburgh.
Framed facsimile of the Declaration of Independence. Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa.
Transactions, series 3 volume VII and volume VIII, sections 1-4. Royal Society of History and Antiquities. Stockholm, Sweden.
Pul)lications vol. XX, no. 1. Smith, Rev. Ashley A., Bangor.
Family Bible of the Harlow family of Bangor, containing genealog- ical records. Smith, Mr. Burton, Portland.
One of the first batch of venires issued by the Clerk of the U. S. District Court Apr. 7, 1790. Court was created in 1789 and first criminal term was held at Portland June 1790. Smith, Gen. Joseph S., Bangor.
McClellan saddle with bridle and other harness used by Gen. Smith through the Civil war. — His personal medicine case. — Trophiea captured on southern battlefields: cavalry sword from Chancellors- ville, Springfield musket from Gettysburg, Burnside carbine from Ream's Station, staff officer's sword from Antietam. — Officer's sword with C. S. A. on hilt, secured in Richmond after the fall.— 300 pound Sir William Armstrong friction shell taken from Rebel ram "Stone- wall" 1865 by Lieut. Com. Fred R. Smith. — Rebel torpedo dug up in Chari--ton harbor, S. C. during the war. — Five ammunition cases. — and il ■ following Confederate projectiles picked up in Union lines bef. . Petersburg, Va. 18G4-5: 100 pound rifleshell, 1 solid shot, 2 < i.iiiil i:ifl f^lu'll.- filled with bullets, 8 spherical case sheila of varying b./.-, vviti) ;uul witljuut time fuses, 2 James shells, 1 Whitworth bolt, 'A S{,li( fikic shells, 1 ten pound Parrott fuse shell, 1 three inch fuse bheil, 1 Parrott sohd rifle shot, 3 Hotchkiss three inch shells. Smith, Mr. T. H., Chicago.
3 letters to F. E. Boothby. Spratt, Miss Carrie, Bangor.
Chip from Peary's steamer "Roosevelt" built on the Penobscot River. Stetson, Hon. Isaiah K., Bangor.
His Genealogy of th'e Stetson family 1892. Stevens, Mr. B. W.
Touth of an ichthyosaurus found among other fossil remains in S. C. Stupell, Mrs. Charlotte R., Bangor.
Letter from Mark Little, a soldier in the Aroostook war 1839.— Map of the representative districts in Penobscot Co. 1831. — Chart of the U. 8. published at Walpole, N. H. — Carrier's addresa, "Galaxy" Boston, 183G. — A parcel of newspaper clippings. Swan, Miss Florence, Bangor.
Newspaper dippings of proceeding.'* in Uangpr »(. MpKJMlr.y'« death.— Mame farmer's almanacs, 1879-81, '85-95, '98-1900, '12-13.— 2 pamphlets. — 16 numbers of newspapers, chiefly Bangor.
Donations 1914-1915 73
Thaxter, Mr. A. H., • Bangor.
Ivarge iVamed picture of old Howard house, Bangor. — Letters patent for 3000 acres in West Florida to Philii) Living,ston the younger, May 14, 1778. Trask, Miss Mattie L. Bangor.
24 stereoscopic views of Bangor 1869-71. Webster, Miss Mary L., Bangor.
Large "lone star" flag of Texas. Whittier, Rev. Charles, Bangor.
Manuscript of Rev. Stephen Thurston's historical address at Fort Pownal 1859; also copy of Bangor Jeflersonian containing the same in print with ms. corrections. Wood, Mrs. Charles H., Bangor.
Newspaper clippings on Bangor. — Athene CIul) programs 1896, 1902-03, 1912-14.— 1 volume.— 14 pamphlets.— 17 nos. of periodicals. Wyman, Mrs. E. G., Bangor.
Farmer's almanac 1815. — 4 old newspapers 1812-48. Yale LTniversity Library, New Haven, Conn.
Dexter's Historical catalogue of the First Church of Christ, New Haven."
1915 Giver unknown.
Photograph of Norombega Hall. — Receipted bill for postage to W. H. andiT. Peirce, Bangor, 1840.— Part of "Daily Whig and Courie'c" Qct, 1, 1869 giving proceedings of Bangor's centennial. — "The Aurora," Philadelphia, May 7-8, 1812 (incomplete).— Illus- trated fire extra of Bangor Daily Commercial May 6, 1911. — Leather firemaix's bucket with name of N. Bean 1827. It was the property of Jeremiah Fenno, an old Bangor resident. — Hampden Academy catalogues 1852-57.— Starrett's "Gen. Henry Knox." — Bangor An- nual report 1S44-5. — Paine's "Territorial hi.story of Bangor". — "In commemoration, Hannibal Hamhn," by the Loyal Legion of Maine. — 6 volumes. — 14 pamphlets. — 2 numbers of periodicals. Adams, Dr. Charles E., Bangor.
Indian stone axe from near Camp Lunkasoo, mouth of Wassataquoit Stream, East branch of Penobscot. Ames, Mr. Alfred K., Machias.
"The pageant of Machias Valley 1913." Appleton, Hon. Frederick H., Bangor.
Engraved portrait <'f John Appleton. — Collection of views of Ban- gor and vicinity, including North front of IMorcantile row 1835, View from Brewer 1837, Court House 1853, City Hall 1853, Theo- logical Seminary 1853, Hatch House 1856, Lover's leap, View from Brewer 1859, View from Biewer 1860, Knox mansion, Thoma.^ton 1851, View of Old Town 1854, Saw mills at Old Town 1854, View on upper Penobscot 1859, The sleigh peddler ]8()6.
74 Bangor Historical Society
Appleton, Mrs. Henry A., Bangor.
Manuscript record book of the Penobscot Association of Teachera and Friends of Popular Education 1835-39.— Portrait of the four sons of Gen. Samuel F. Hersey.— Pencil drawing of Mount Vernon.— 15 volumes.— 36 pamphlets.— 43 numbers of periodicals. Archer, Mr. Herbert L., Bangor.
56 pamphlets, programs, etc. Bangor Automobile Club.
1 pamphlet. Bangor Children's Home.
Annual report. Bangor Committee of One Hundred.
Bulletin no. 4. Bangor Public Library.
Copy of photograph of original Stephenson locomotive used in Bangor, Old Town and Milford raikoad 1835-67.— Honorable dis- charge of Wm. M. Fobs, private in Capt. W. A. Pollard's company in Aroostook war 1839. — Announcement of Republican mass meeting, Bangor Sept. 3, 1870.-20 volumes.- 53 pamphlets.— 3 numbers of periodicals. Blanding, Mr. Edward M., Bangor.
Oyster shells from Damariscotta shell heaps. — Badge of State Board of Trade meeting, Bangor, 1915. — 65 pamphlets. — 18 nos. of periodicals. — Newspaper clippings. Boothby, Hon. F. E., Waterville.
"History of the Boston and Bangor Steamship Co. 1882."— News- paper cUppings. Bowles, Merrill H., Bangor.
Skull of buffalo from western plains. Bragg, Hon. Charles F., Bangor.
16 letters and documents relating to the Protestant Epiflcopal Church of Bangor, 1837-66. Bragg, Mr. Franklin E., Bangor.
Two pieces of the old Paul Revere bell which was given to Bangor in 1816 and hung in the First church till the Fire of 1911. The larger piece weighs about 150 pounds and includes about one fourth of the rim. Brown, Miss Bertha L., Bangor.
Bangor Mechanic Association resolutions and subscription list, 1868 Brown, Misses Ida J. and Bertha L., Bangor.
Confederate $1000 bond. — Confederate one, five and ten dollar bills. Brown, Miss Nellie E., Bangor.
9 views of Bangor's school houses. Burr, Miss Harriet M., Bangor.
Cannon ball fired by the British at the house of Gen. John Blake, just as they were starting down the River from Bangor. It was picked up by Capt. Joseph Burr who had seen it fall. The old Blake houea was situated on the Brewer side about a mile above the bridge.—
Donations 1915 75
Benj. A. Burr's certificate of membership in Bangor Mechanic Asso- ciation, 1850 and 8 receipted assessment notices to him 1851-66. — Carrier's address "Mechanic and Farmer" Bangor, Jan. 1, 1836 and 19 mmibers of vol. 3. same paper 1837-38. — Boston weekly magazine, vol. 2-3, 1839-41.— Maine monthly magazine, vol. 1, Bangor 1837.— Facsimile of New England Courant no. 8, Boston 1723.
Buxton, Mr. C. M., Eastport.
Raymond's improved family sewing machine, about 1850.
Buzzell, Mrs. James C, Bangor.
9 views of Bangor, etc. — Chinese umbrella. — Framed photograph of Taylor's comer. — Chinese pen. — Indian arrow with iron point. — Indian bead work. — Civil war bayonet. — Old wooden canteen. — Isaac M. Bragg's carpet bag. — ^Night lamp used in Taylor family of Bangor. — Thread stand formerly belonging to Hammond and Taylor families. — Candle mould. — Pewter porringer. — Wood from the "Roosevelt." — Marble from Washington monument, Washington, D. C. — Bracelet of gun metal from U. S. Navy yard at Washington. — Two quill pens. — Writer's sand box used by Isaac M.Bragg. — Palm leaf basket. — South Sea island basket. — Abner Taylor's balance or scales. — Piece of wood and a nail from old house comer of Hollis and Tremont streets, Boston, where "Boston Tea Party" was or- ganized.— Tea caddy. — Indian moccasins. — 33 coins, U. S. and foreign. — Confederate bills. — 50 cts. U. S. fractional currency. — Advertisement of Savings Bank of Bangor. — Soldier's spur and brass ornament. — Papers of William Hammond of Newton, including correspondence with sons, Bangor 1801-09. — Abner Taylor's spy glass. — Scrap book of Bangor newspaper clippings 1848-1913. — Cradle belonging to family of Capt. William Hammond of Newton, Mass. and Bangor, and later to family of Abner Taylor. — Jackson's "History of the early settlement of Newton" — Bangor directory 1835. — "Voices from the Kenduskeag." — "An historical sketch, articles of faith, First Congregational Church, Bangor." 1856 — 10 other volumes.
Chapin, Hon. Arthur, Bangor.
Five dollar bill, Eastern Bank of Bangor, 1863. — Five dollar Con- federate bill. — "State papers and public documents of the U. S. 1811- 15." Boston 1815.
Clemens, W. M.
4 pamphlets. — 1 number of a periodical.
Coe, Dr. Thomas U., Bangor.
Collection of Indian relics found on the Wilson farm, Red Beach, Me. on the western bank of the St. Croix River, directly opposite St. Croix Island: 1 axe, 7 large and 3 small celte or gouges, 7 large spear heads, and 26 arrow or small spear heads.— A large volume of newspaper and other contemporary material, collected by Ilarbottle Dorr and illustrating the early days of the American revolution 1772- 76.
^6 Bangor Historical Society
Connecticut Historical Society, Hartford.
Annual report 1915. Crosby, Miss H. G., Baltimore, Md.
Large collections of obituary, historical and other notices, clipped from Bangor newspapers.— Facsimile of Declaration of Independence, 1817. — 4 photographs of Bangor and vicinity.— Letters, illustrations, etc. relating chiefly to Bangor and Bangor people. Crosby, Miss Mary, Bangor.
Autograph album containing signatures of Pres. Grant, Vice Pres. Colfax, all the U. S. Senators, and the members of Congress from Maine, 1869. — Church directory of Bangor and Brewer. Crowell, Mr. Alonzo H.,
Iron candlestick belonging to Rev. Jesse Martin of Barnstable, Mass. and China, Maine. Curran, Mrs. Mary H., Bangor.
Four campaign buttons. — Five announcements of Bangor His- torical Society meetings. — Rev. Edgar W. Preble's poem after de- struction of the Universahst church in 1911. — Handmade latch and screw from Edward Ellison house, Bangor, 1838-46.— Mrs. Curran's cut glass ink well recovered from fire of old Bangor Library 1911.— Small flint lock pistol taken from body of Chief Paugus killed at Lovewell's fight, Fryebmg, 1725.— Edward Ellison's certificate of membership in Bangor Mechanic Association, 1838. — Pair of ancient door hinges. — 1 volume.— 21 pamphlets. — 21 numbers of periodicals. CuiTan, Mr. Wm. F., Bangor.
Seven business papers of Silas Pierce & Co., Boston, 1828-43 chiefly dealing with Bangor people. — Receipted bill of Boston and Bangor Steamboat Co., 1836. D. A. R., Frances Dighton WiUiams chapter, Bangor.
Constitution and by laws, 1899. Dennett, Mrs. Mabel Freese, Bangor.
Sampler made by Martha Miner, 100 year.s ago. — New York Herald April 15, 1865. Dillingham, Mr. Edwin F., Bangor.
Small trunk belonging to Nathaniel Dillingham, 1812- One pamphlet. Dow, Mrs. E. C. Bangor.
Framed portrait of Alexander Hamilton. Duren, Mr. Elnathan F., Bangor.
26 pamphlets. — 66 periodicals. Duren, Mrs. Emma L., Bangor.
Collection of Civil war envelopes gathered by Wm. G. Duren. DweUey, Mr. Horace M., Bangor.
Three old bank bills 1837-52. Eckstorm, Mrs. Fannie Hardy, Brewer.
Mann's "Chronological compendium," 1822. — Document of Aaron A. Wing, collector of Internal Reveuae, Bangor. — Pocketbook of
Donations 1915 77
Joseph WardweU, Penobscot, 1800.— Three old Bangor bank cheek forms, 1S40-50.— Order from Bank of Victoria, Melbourne.— Col- lection of Continental, State, Confederate and Italian bills. — Col- lection of checks on Bangor banks, 1852-01.- Collection of documents relating chiefly to Hardy family and other early residents of Bangor and Brewer.— Handbill, Mich. Central Raih-oad, 1863.-1 volume. Ellison, Miss Sarah E., Bangor.
Newspaper clipping. — 1 pamphlet. Emerson, Mrs. E. T., Bangor.
1 number of New York Tribune, 1S02. Fairbanks, Capt. Heniy N., Estate of Bangor.
Recruiting poster 30th Maine Regt. 1863.— Theatrical handbill, Sedgwick's Brigade Lyceum, 1802.— Brass barrelled pistol.— Piece of canteen from Cedar Creek battlefield.— Indian iron hatchet from Sisladobsissis Lake. — Indian stone axe. — Handcuffs. Farrington, Mrs. Charles O., Brewer.
Photographs of the class of 1857, Bowdoin college, formerly owned by Horace B. Chamberlain. — 10 programs, etc., from Bowdoin College and Bangor Theological Seminary 1S51-1S57.— The soldiers' prayer book, 1857. Fellows, Mr. Charles S., Minneapolis.
1 pamphlet. Fellows, Miss Martha E., Bangor.
Reel for winding yarn, over 100 years old. Fellows, Mr. Wilham W., Bangor.
Candle used in religious ceremonies, brought from abroad by Capt. Israel Jordan. — Nine stereoscopic views of Bangor. — Photograph of Boys' Union, Bangor, Y. M. C. A. 1884.— Vioksburg "Daily Citizen" July 2, 1863, printed on wall paper.— Stinchfield's History of the town of Leeds, Maine. — Program of centennial of St. Albans, Me., 1913. — The simple cobler by De la Guard. Flagg, Mr. Charles A., Bangor.
Municipal campaign circulars, Bangor, 1<J15. — G pamphlets. — Periodicals. Flanders, Mr. Herbert G., Hampden.
Drawing showing west elevation of Fort Pentagoct, Castine. — 18 numbers Bangor Courier 18J0-11.— 1 pamphlet. Foster, Mr. John F., Bangor.
Ebony ball puzzle containing minute ivory objects, carved by J. AV. Strange. — Small steel naiiie die, also made by Mr. Strange. — Manuscript records of Eagle Engine Co., No. 3 of Bangor, 1854-76. — Zion's harp, a collection of music by Rev. Asahel Nettleton, 1824. Fotocraft, Bangor.
Program of its 3d annual exhibition, 1915. G. A. R., B. H. Beale post, Bangor.
Manuscript order of Capt. Charles Hammund, 1809.
78 Bangor Historical Society
Grant, Mr. Sidney J., ' Bangor.
Handmade iron shears, 150 yrs. old. — Collection of U. S. and other coins. — Note book of Benjamin Grant, Holden and Eddington, 1833-40. — 2 volumes. — 15 pamphlets. — 1 periodical. Greenacre, Miss Mary, ,,
Portraits of Drs. Snell and Rich of Bangor. Hadlock, Mrs. Rebecca E., Hampden.
Lock and key originally on the store of Samuel Call on the site of the present Freese store, Main street and from 1804 to 1892, on the front door of the Call-Hadlock farm house "Fairmount." — Letters relating to death of Samuel Call, first person buried in Mt. Hope cemetery, 1836. Haines, Mrs. Flora E. Hinckley, Bangor.
Poem by John F. Young and three poems by John J. Friend. — C. L. Hinckley's photograph album, Bucksport Seminary, 1869. — Portrait of Hiram Ruggles. — 9 pamphlets, leaflets, etc. — 5 periodicals. Hall, Mrs. Ahce J., Bangor.
Bangor Weekly Register, Nov. 16, 1816. — An ancient child's primer. Ham, Mr. R. P., Bath.
Two bank bills of "Grocers Bank," of Bangor, 1854. Hammatt, Mr. C. H., Morristown, N. J.
3 iron bolts from rebel ram "Albemarle." — Sharp's rifle from Fort Fisher. — Fuses from the plain before Fort Fisher. — Hand made beckets for sailor's chest. — Prize list of U. S. steamer "Eutaw." — Naval blanks, orders, etc. in Civil war. — Newspaper clipping on the Maine election, 1859. — Memorial on General Thomas H. Hubbard, 1915. — Boston Daily Advertiser, 1880. Hardy, Mr. Amos E., Bangor.
Poole's Annotations upon The Holy Bible, London, 1683. Hardy, Mr. Walter M., Brewer.
Old gum shoe, about 1840. — Strip of Indian "Annuity broadcloth" of about the same period. Hennessy, Mr. Wilfrid A., Bangor.
Scrapbook of the Bangor baseball team, 1914. — Badges, etc. — 1 volume. — 20 pamphlets, cards, etc. — 3 periodicals, Holland, Misses Josephine P. and Ehza W. E., Allston, Mass.
Manuscript joumala of Park Holland copied by his daughter, 1841. Hosmer, Mr. Henry J., Bangor.
Necktie slide and a ring of bone made in Libby prison and presented to Mr. Hosmer while he was a prisoner there. — Corps badge of the 2d army corps. Hosmer, Mrs. Henry J., Bangor.
Testament carried by Henry J. Hosmer through the Civil war and until his death 1915. Hubbard, Mr. Walter L., Charleston.
Picture post card, Peace conference, 1905. — 10 pamphlets. — 5 periodicals.
Donations 1915 79
Hubbard, Mrs. William P., Bangor.
The Democrat-extra, issued by Marcollus Emery, Aug. 20, 1861 after the destruction of his printing press. Indiana State Library. Indianapolis.
Three numbers of The Indiana magazine of history. Jewett, Miss Anna E., Bangor.
"The Log cabin song" 1840. — Newspaper clipping on Peterborough, N. H. — Prospectus and card of European and North American rail- way, 1871. — 2 pamphlets. — 2 periodicals. Kimball, Mr. Samuel S., Bangor.
Silver watch of Rev. John Sawyer of Bangor. — John Sawyer's diploma, Dartmouth College, 1785. — His certificate of membership Maine Missionary Society, 1847. — Record book of the Penobscot County Missionary Association, 1847-72. — Record book of The First Parish Sabbath School, 1859-60. — Records and papers relating to financial condition of Bangor Gazette, 1842-44. Knowles, Mrs. Warren H., Bangor.
"Constitution of the Frankfort District no. 3, Washington Total Abstinence Society, organized May 26, 1842." Larrabee, Mr. George H., Bangor.
Year book, Schumann Club, 1914-15. Lord, Hon. Henry, Bangor.
Wood from Peary's ship, built at Verona, Maine 1904-5. — List of vessels registered at Bangor Custom House 1847-50. — Bangor direc- tories, 1845 and 1859-60. Lord, Mr. Nathaniel, Bangor.
Framed photograph of Stevenson locomotive used on Bangor and Old Town raib-oad, 1836-1867. Louisiana Historical Society, New Orleans, La.
Its Publications vol. 7, 1913-14. Lyon, Mr. Charles A., Bangor.
Card of admission to first entertainment in Norombega hall, 1857. — Five dollar bill. Bank of Old Town, 1836.— Ten dollar Confederate bill. McCann, Dr. Daniel, Bangor.
Wooden goblet made by John E. Parsons from a piece of the Aspin- wall elm, BrookUne, Mass. Mason, Dr. WilUam C, Bangor.
Collection of Confederate money. — Confederate bond. — Collection of U. S. bank notes 1775-1837. — Reports of Eastern Maine General Hospital, 1893-1912.— 37 volumes.— 124 pamphlets.— 56 periodicals. Merrill, Prof. Lucius H., Orono.
"The rural Socrates," Hallowell, Maine, 1800. Moorehead, Prof. Warren K., Andover, Mass.
Collection of Maine aboriginal implements from Bar Harbor, Sullivan Falls and BrooksviUe, Me.
80 Bangor Historical Society
Mount Hope Cemetery Corporation, Bangor.
History of Mt. Hope cemetery, by A. W. Paine. Mudgett, Mr. U. G., Bangor.
Three dollar bank note, U. S. Foreign and Domestic Exchange Co. payable at Bangor. New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston.
Supplement to its Register, April 1915. New Ham|).-ihire Historical Society, Concord, N. H.
Its cdlloctious, vol. II. Niles, Miss Gladj's M., Bangor.
Gleason's pictorial, vol. 5 no. 23. Noye^, Mr. Charles W., Castine.
Two plans of Fort Pentagoet. Ohio State .\.rchaeological and Historical Society, Columbus, O.
4 numbers of its Quarterly. Olmsiead, Mr. Benjamin F., Bangor.
U. S. copper cent 1845. Ontario Historical Society. Toronto.
Annual rei)ort 1914. Paine, Miss Ellen F., Bangor.
Two fragments of U. S. bills mounted at the Redemption division U. S. Trcasuiy Dept. Paine, Miss Selma W., Bangor.
Swinging street sign "Farmer's Exchange" 1838. — Roller map of Bangor, 1853. — 12 numbers of The Independent, 1861-5. — 1 pamphlet. Palmer, Mr. Caleb F., Bangor.
Framed portrait of Gen. Santa Anna brought from Mexico by Mr. Pahner'ri father, during the Mexican war. Palmer, Mr. Joab W., Estate of, Bangor.
Two canes made by the Sioux Indians of S. Dak. Parker, Mr. Ray, Bangor.
Two Canadian coins. Patch, Hon. Willis Y., Bangor.
Freight bills, Bangor, Old Town and INIilford raihoad, 1859. Patten, Mr. R. H., Hermon.
Hermon centennial, 1914. Peaks, Mr. H. W., Charleston.
Programme, Charleston Academy, 1852. Pearson, Mrs. C. A., Bangor.
Picture of first steam railroad train in America. — A number of the New York Herald, 1865. Pease, Miss A. M., Bangor.
Progiam and clipping of Teachers' party, Bangor, 1915. Pegg, Mi»>» FvtvneoM H,, EHtute of, Bangor.
Wooden cane made from timbers of Confederate ironclad "Merri- mack" and U. H, fjigate "Congress."
Donations 1915 81
Poole, Mr. George N., Bangor.
Deed of a pew in St. John's Episcopal Church, Bangor, from Cyrus Arnold, 1864. Porter, Miss Marion, Bangor.
Documentary history of the State of Maine, vol. 1. Porter, Misses Rhoda J. and Mary S., Bangor.
High School examinations, 1867-68. — Two old wooden army can- teens.—Newspaper account of Wayne Centennial, 1898. — Stereoscopic view of Bangor.— View of the procession, Broadway, 1869. — Old iron axe. — 1 volume. — 4 pamphlets. — 1 periodical. Record, Miss Mary, Bangor.
Washington memorial print on linen. — Facsimile of Frankhn's paper "The New England Courant" 1723. — A child's book "London in miniature" 1816. — Collection of newspaper articles in Bangor and other papers illustrating history, etc. — Record book of the Temper- ance Society of Oxford county, 1829-33. — Card portrait of President Lincoln. — Pencil notes on cathedrals of England.— Notice of first meeting of Buckfield Branch railroad, 1847. — Taylor's "Scenes in Europe." — 1 volume. — 1 pamphlet. — 4 periodicals. Rhode Island Historical Society, Providence, R. I.
"Rhode Island imprints" 1915. — Report of R. I. Commission on Marking Historical Sites, 1913. Rich, Mr. Everett F., Bangor.
Manilla cover for early bank book of Bangor Savings bank. Roberts, Mr. Charles B., Boston, Mass.
C. P. Roberts' list of law cases, Bangor, 1847-49. Roberts, Misses Elizabeth W., Leila H. and Mary H., Bangor.
New Year's greeting, extract from Dr. Gannett's discourse, 1847. — Carrier's address of Bangor Daily Mercuiy, 1848. — Constitution of a Bangor engine company, 1836.— 2 periodicals. Robinson, Dr. Daniel A., Bangor.
Record book of students entering Bangor High School, with Records of Alumni Association, 1845-55. Rogers, Mr. Fred, Brewer.
Deed of pews in St. John's Episcopal church from the pew owners to the wardens of the church, 1864. Royal Society of History and Antiquities, Stockholm, Sweden.
1 volume. Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa, Can.
12 volumes of its Transactions. Sawyer, Mr. Robert W., Bangor.
Framed fac-simile of Pres. Washington's commission to Hopley Yeaton, 1791. Simpson, Mrs. Corelli, C. W., Bangor.
Rules and orders of Bangor City Council 1844. — Military hat and coat worn by A. L. Simpson in the Aroostook war.
82 Bangor Historical Society
Stetson, Mr. Clarence C, . Bangor.
Typewritten reports of the auditor of the Bangor Bridge Co., 1899- 1901.— Permit to Thomas Gilbert to cut lumber in Bald Mountain Township, 1864.— Map of Mt. Hope cemetery.— Hampden register, 1904. — 2 pamphlets. — 5 periodicals. Stetson, Hon. Isaiah K., Bangor.
Life sized wooden figure head made by Seavey of Bangor. Stone, Mr. Horace A., Bangor.
Shipping agreement of crew of bark Arvum of Bangor, 1851. — Framed portrait of Dr. C. Seavey. Frank H. Stuart Electric Co., Phila. Pa.
Colored photograph of "Ye olde mint" Phila. Stupell, Mrs. Charlotte R., Bangor.
Fifty dollar Confederate note. — A sea-horse and 2 small shells from Calcutta. Sweet, Mr. Caldwell, Bangor.
Photograph of Taylor's comer, Bangor about 1850. Taylor, Mr. Abner, Bangor.
Flint lock musket inscribed "27th Virginia" picked up on Southern battlefield in Civil war.— Musket belonging to Thomas A. Taylor about time of Civil war. — Reynold's political map of U. S., 1856. — Columbian Centinel for 1804 and 1810.— Bangor register for 1828.— 2 numbers of Bangor WTiig and Courier 1869. Tefft, Mr. Benjamin F., Bangor.
One number of National InteUigencer, 1803. Thome, Mr. Raymond,
Soldier's prayer book 1861. Thomton, Mr. Raymond, Bangor.
U. S. copper cent 1843. Thurston, Mr. Harry D., Bangor.
Sprmgfield musket with bayonet used by Ephraun G. Thurston of Co. B. Maine State Guards, 1863-4.— Commission and discharge of Sergeant E. G. Thurston.— Flag with staff, holder and strap of Co. B. Maine State Guards. Walker, Mr. J. Putnam, Bangor.
Manuscript letter from Gen. Rufus Putnam, Marietta, O., 1803 to Park Holland. Walton, Dr. Alfred, Bangor.
Indian bones from site of Bangor water works, 1875.— Shark's tooth and 2 petrified shells from Hilton Head, S. C. 1863.— Piece of wood from tree at Point of Rocks, Va., under which Pocahontas is said to have saved Capt. John Smith's life. — A teasel from southern Europe. — Piece of planking from a brig showing work of borers. — Piece of fir tree from Hancock Point showing borings by "Carpenter ant."— A nutmeg in its shell.- Piece of a wharf showing destructive work of Limnaria. — Silver coin of Republic of Panama, 1904. — Five Confederate bills presented to Dr. Walton by ladies at Appomatox,
Donations 1915 83
Va. 1865.— Five dollar biU, Bank of Old Towti.— Ten dollar biU Northwestern bank of Va. — Collection of 14 silver and copper coins. Walton, Mrs. E. M., Bangor.
7 pieces of U. S. fractional currency, framed. Webster, Miss Mary L., Bangor.
Manuscript monitor's slip, with names of members of class of 1860, Bowdoin College. — Steel engraving of Bowdoin College campus. — Autograph book of F. Webster of Bangor, while a student at Phillips Andover, 1855. — Three Philhps Andover pamphlets, 1855. — 15 Bow- doin College pubhcations 1854-60. — 1 pamphlet. — 6 periodicals. Wilson, Mr. John, Bangor.
New York Herald, Apr. 15, 1865.— Two letters from Hon. W. P. Feesenden to F. A. Wilson: one regarding the former's attitude on the President Johnson impeachment, 1868, the other on his candidacy for re-election to U. S. Senate, 1869. Wise, Leo, Bangor.
Russian perfxmae holder. Yale University Library, New Haven, Conn.
Catalogue of an exhibition, 1915.
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