pfs ant ary the hf a Soni La pratima neo Gnli-< oslo gu ane Og denote eeneceoneapemne ON a tah tins te he or Be 4 A * : ¢ » iy ie { ie ce oa i a PN Webehagiohsai ce : rik , ; sp) | Waierions re He | retin Pore * ¥ ay, Werth | PROCEEDINGS OF THE Biological Society of Washington VOLUME 68 1955 WASHINGTON PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY ef oT COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS HERBERT FRIEDMANN, Chairman REMINGTON KELLOGG J.S. WADE PUBLICATION NOTE By a change in the By-Laws of the Biological Society of Washington, effective March 27, 1926, the fiscal year now begins in May, and the officers will henceforth hold office from May to May. This, however, will make no change in the volumes of the Proceedings, which will continue to coincide with the calendar year. In order to furnish desired infor- mation, the title page of the current volume and the list of newly elected officers and committees will hereafter be published soon after the annual election in May. All correspondence should be addressed to the Biological Society of Washington, % U.S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. MONUMENTAL PRINTING Co. BALTIMORE, MD, OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF THH BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON (FOR 1955-1956) (ELECTED MAY 19, 1955) OFFICERS President HUGH T. O’NEIL Vice-Presidents (In the order of election) ALAN STONE HOWARD B. OWENS HERBERT FRIEDMANN DAVID H. JOHNSON Recording Secretary S. F. BLAKE Corresponding Secretary GORMAN M. BOND Treasurer ALLEN J. DUVALL Custodian of Publications DAVID H. JOHNSON COUNCIL Elected Members M. K. BRADY A. C. SMITH V. S. SCHANTZ L. M. RUSSELL C. O. HANDLEY, JR. Ez-Presidents J. W. ALDRICH H. H. T. JACKSON PAUL BARTSCH F. C. LINCOLN W. A. DAYTON H. C. OBERHOLSER H. G. DEIGNAN J.S. WADE A. D. HOPKINS E. P. WALKER H. B. HUMPHREY A. WETMORE STANDING COMMITTEES—1955-1956 Committee on Communications Hue T. O’NE LLoyp W. Swirt Committee on Zoological Nomenclature A. WETMORE, Chairman H. A. RBHDER C. F. W. MUESEBECK Committee on Publications HERBERT FRIEDMANN, Chairman REMINGTON KELLOGG J. S. WADE EX-PRESIDENTS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON *THHODORE N. GILL, 1881, 1882 *CHARLES A. WHITE, 1883, 1884 *G. BROWN GOODE, 1885, 1886 *WILLIAM H, DAHL, 1887, 1888 *LESTER EF. WARD, 1889, 1890 *C. Hart MERRIAM, 1891, 1892 *C. V. Riwey, 1893, 1894 *Gno. M. STERNBERG, 1895, 1896 *L. O. HowARD, 1897, 1898 * FREDERICK V. COVILLE, 1899, 1900 *F, A. Lucas, 1901, 1902 *B. W. EVERMANN, 1903, 1904 *F, H. KNOwLton, 1905, 1906 *L. STEJNEGER, 1907, 1908 *T, S. PaLMeErR, 1909, 1910 *Davip WHITE, 1911 *E. W. NELSON, 1912, 1913 PavuL BArtscu, 1914, 1915 *W. P. Hay, 1916, 1917 *J. N. Ross, 1918 *Hueu M. SmitH, 1919 A. D. Hopkins, 1920 *N. HoubistTer, 1921 * VERNON BAILEY, 1922 *A. S. HircHcock, 1923 *J. W. GIDLEY, 1924 *S. A. RoHWER, 1925 H. C. OBERHOLSER, 1926-1927 *BH. A. GOLDMAN, 1927-1929 ALEXANDER WETMORE, 1929-1931 H. H. T. Jackson, 1931-1933 *C. E. CHAMBLISS, 1933-1936 *H. C. Funuer, 1936-1938 *W. B. BELL, 1938-1940 E. P. WALKER, 1940-1942 H. B. HumpHREY, 1942-1944 *F,. THonn, 1944-1946 J. S. WAnbsE, 1946-1947 J. W. ALDRICH, 1947-1949 F. C. LINCOLN, 1949-1951 W. A. DAYTON, 1951-1953 H. G. DEIGNAN, 1953-1955 *T)eceased. TABLE OF CONTENTS Officers and Committees for 1955_- HERG CECCINE SELON UO eer een eo eee ETS Se ON Three New Pikas (Genus Ochotona) from Utah, by Stephen D. Durrant and M. Raymond Lee___-.__ Descriptions of New Colubrid Snakes, Genus Atractus, from Keuador, by Jay M. Savage. New Records and Descriptions of Polydesmoid Millipeds (Order Polydesmida) from the Hastern United States, Saye NV HLS sp (© TESS yao esc SA enc rer Studies on Spiroboloid Millipeds. II. A Second Paper on the Genus Hurhinocricus, by Richard L. Hoffman A New Subspecies of Blarina brevicauda from Florida, Dyer de cevamilton, sires ee Ear Bee ee Variation in the White-throated Fantail Flycatcher, Rhipidura albicollis, by 8. Dillon Ripley_...____. Five New Venezeulan Birds and Nine Extensions of Ranges to Colombia, by William H. Phelps and William H. 1 Tene) OY lJ a ea AP i in I ae Thrips Illctit, A Proposed Emendation (Thysanoptera; Thripidae), by J. Douglas Hood__.-_-________ A New Species of Cinara from Oregon (Aphidae) by F. C. iEtothesrand: B). @, Essig’. = A Ye A New Species of Cinara from Arizona (Aphidae) by F. C. Hottes and George D. Butler, Jr.__—-___________-_____-_-_ Cinara Descriptions (Aphidae), by F. C. Hottes___._____ i A New Pocket Gopher from South-Central Utah, by SLepueneel): WiEran tease een tla ee eee ener Two New Rice Rats (Genus Oryzomys) from Florida, by Wepre klamaalGon,) eae ok ey et es New Records and Descriptions of California Diplopoda, bya Nel Causey en bass a Ra ee A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Mississippi, byeltortonvel. Hobbs dt. = ts ee Three New Subspecies and Figures of Five Previously Unfigured Species of Cinara (Aphidae). by F. C. STO Le penne tee Ra Re ees nes Steele ee Ce ah ee ot Some Tingidae from the French Cameroons (Hemiptera), [agar «Carel sl [el Dy lk cn ean Tes De a 10 Two New Species of Shore-bugs (Hemiptera) (Saldidae: Leptopodidae), by Carl J. Drake. il 109-112 (i) MAY 8 1956 (ii) Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Seven New Birds from Cerro de la Neblina, Territorio Amazonas, Venezuela, by William H. Phelps and Wil- nai SH Phelps, dr EEE A New Tropiduchid from Japan (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea), by 8. °G, Denngh !)o EE eee The Family Clausiidae (Copepoda, Cyclopoida), by Mildred Stratton. Wilson and Paul b. Dlg... eae A Remarkable New Species of Perilitus from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), by C. F. W. Muesebeck Four New Races of Birds from East Asia, by H. G. Deignan The Wisconsin Puma, by Hartley H. T. Jackson. Studies on Spiroboloid Millipeds. III. The Genus Spirobolinus Silvestri, by Richard L. Hoffman The Type Locality of Hyla triseriata Wied, by Francis ilayper 2202.9 ~ FROM FLORIDA \A = By W. J. Hamiuton, JR. Cornell Unwersity = Field work in February and March, 1954 in the vicinity of Fort Myers, Lee County, Florida resulted in the taking of 27 shortail shrews in a restricted area. These shrews are recog- nizably distinct from Blarina brevicauda peninsulae and Blarina brevicauda carolinensis. Blarina brevicauda shermani, subsp. nov. Type.—Adult female; skin and skull; Cornell University Mammal Col- lection Number 8026; two miles north of Fort Myers, Lee County, Flor- ida. Collected February 13, 1954, by W. J. Hamilton, Jr., original number 4280. The type has the following measurements (in millimeters) : total length, 115; tail, 23; hind foot, 15; condylobasal length, 21.6; cra- nial breadth, 10.7; interorbital breadth, 5.5; palatal length, 8.8; maxil- lary breadth, 7.3; maxillary tooth row, 8.3. Weight 14 grams. Skull measurements follow those of Jackson (N. A. Fauna 51, 1928). This shrew is named for Dr. Harley B. Sherman, who has contributed materi- ally to our knowledge of Florida mammalogy. Diagnosis—A medium sized dark Blarina, larger and darker than peninsulae. Adult winter pelage darker than other races of brevicauda. The dark pelage, without trace of brown, combined with the larger size, both in body proportions and skull, serves to distinguish this Blarina from other Florida races. Skull robust, the cranium and rostrum rela- tively broad. Comparisons.—This presumably isolated subspecies may at once be sep- arated from other recognized Florida forms by its darker pelage and larger size. Comparable measurements of shermani, peninsulae and carolinensis, all from Florida, are presented in Table 1. Remarks.—As with most Blarinas, this race occupies a variety of habi- tat. In 4000 trap nights in the type locality (one mile north of the Edison Bridge that spans the Caloosahatchee River and a quarter mile east of Route 41, specimens were taken in drainage ditches overgrown to grass, and in the tunnels of Scalopus aquaticus bassi. All specimens were adult, the males with enlarged testes and most of the females with turgid vagina and swollen uterine horns, although no macroscopic evi- dence of embryos was apparent. This relatively large shrew appears to occupy an isolated area well removed from peninsulae to the north and south. That it has not been previously described suggests a ‘‘blind 5—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., Vou. 68, 1955 (37) 38 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington spot’’ in Florida mammal collecting. In the same habitat with this shrew, Oryzomys, Sigmodon, Peromyscus gossypinus and Cryptotis were taken. Previous collecting (2000 trap nights) south of the Caloosa- hatchee River in Fort Myers in the spring of 1939 and 1940 did not yield a Blarina. Nor did collecting on Pine Island, Lee County, provide evidence of this shrew in 1954. Presumably it has a general distribution on the west coast of the southern Florida peninsula; this must wait on further collecting. For the loan of specimens, I am indebted to H. B. Sherman, University of Florida; H. E. Anthony, American Museum of Natural History, W. H. Burt, University of Michigan; Viola S. Schantz, Fish and Wildlife Service, and Richard Archbold, Lake Placid, Florida. Comparisons have been made with specimens in the Cornell collection. Paratypes have been deposited in the U. S. National Museum. 39 Hamilton—Blarina Brevicauda from Florida ‘Vpllo,y “soryun0s wieuyNg puw BNYyde[Y UL pozde][09 srsuauyouv9 oYLz ‘eplio,y “Ajun0H Joy[oD pue puvlystyy wo1y suomroeds pue sodéy0d0} opnpout poutmexo ovynsurued oy7 v9 69 GL Gig L6 U8 gg CTL 8T %8 “Ur ; (IT FO 834310m el OL L8 0S 8 Or T06 01 tL 96 GOT “XB “S[[NYs Pues SUIys LT) OL 9°9 T8 og Or 61 08 GOL 1 6 66 ‘OAV ZSWUaUrjolwo *Q “TL SL 9°9 G8 6G 6 OL 861 T8 OL 8L 68 “Ur (OT JO S}qSTomM ‘s][Nys SL 89 68 VG 9°0T G06 OTT tL GG OTT “xe ZL pute surys 13) GL L9 L8 eg COL 06 66 GL 16 L6 ‘OAV papjnsurvuad °q *“g el OL L’8 PS VOL F06 TIL Ger 6G O0T “UTA (LG FO 834S10M ‘ sT[NyS G8 GL F'6 Lg GIL 916 OLT CT GG 9IT ‘xe Go pues shgauis 13) OL el 06 Gs 80T 0'TS Ser T#L G&G 60T OAV YUDWAAYS °Q *T MOL Y}pveIq YJsue, YIpesiq YIpeoiq yIsue,T smeIs 4oCoOF IIe,L Wysue'T qq00y xe [eee =[e}IqiO [elueID [eseq 4YSIOM pul ‘xeyl -19} UT -o[Apuoy VNIidvid VdIdO Td AO SUMLAWITIIN NI SLNANAYOSVAW ANAYLXA GNV HDVARAV T WIAVL 40 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Vol. 68, pp. 41-46 May 20, 1955 PROCEEDINGS HS LO OF THE = BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON a VARIATION IN THE WHITE-THROATED FANTAWG® FLYCATHER, RHIPIDURA ALBICOLLIS By S. Ditton RIPLEY Study of some eighty-one specimens of the White-throated Fantail Flycatcher, Rhipidura albicollis, has been prompted by looking over the collection of birds which Mr. Salim Ah has recently made in Orissa and eastern central India. For help in assembling this series, my thanks are due not only to Mr. Ali and the Bombay Natural History Society, but also to the authorities of the U. S. National Museum, the Academy of Natural Sciences and the American Museum of Natural His- tory. I am also grateful to Mr. H. G. Deignan for valuable comments. On bringing together such a representation of the species it became apparent that there was a considerable range of variation in pattern and color. In general the White-throated Fantail Flycatcher is a rather dark, unobtrusively-colored bird, black on the crown and ear coverts, slaty-black on the upper part of the chest, and slate-gray on the breast and abdomen. The back is mouse grey in color and the wings are a dark dull olive brown. There is a broad white superciliary streak, the throat has white tipped feathers with slate colored bases, and the blackish- brown tail is white tipped except for the two central retrices. Analyzing the differences between the populations, it is possible to recognize certain races which may be listed as follows: 1. a.) Rhipidura albicollis canescens (Koelz) Leucocirca albicollis canescens Koelz, 1939, Proc. Biol. Soe. Wash. 52: 68 (Bhadwar, Punjab). This subspecies is paler, more ashy on the back, breast and belly than the nominate form as it was described by Koelz, although Whistler (1942, Jour. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43: 35) felt that in series the dif- ferences cited by the describer would not stand up. My impression is that birds from the western Himalayas are clinally different in just the characters cited by Koelz and that they occupy a considerable geo- graphic range. Range.—From Kashmir along the Himalayas to western Nepal at moderate elevations from the edge of the plains up to 6,000 feet in serub, bamboo clumps and deciduous and evergreen forest, descending in winter to the adjacent plains of west and east Punjab in West Pakistan and India (Jhelum and Ambala). Specimens from Chisapani and Tika- 6—Proc. Bron. Soc. WASH., Vou. 68, 1955 (41) MAY 90 195, 42 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington pur in the Karnali drainage area in west Nepal collected by us on the National Geographic Society-Yale-Smithsonian Institution Expedition in 1948-9, show that this is the meeting place of canescens and the typical form. Of four specimens from these adjacent localities, two are typical albicollis, while the other two are definitely paler, nearer canescens. All four were taken in December and January, no two on the same day. b) Rhipidura albicollis albicollis (Vieillot) Platyrhynchus albicollis Vieillot, 1818, Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. 27: 13 (Bengal). The nominate subspecies, of which I have examined a freshly-collected topotype from Chandpara, a few miles east of Calcutta, is black on the crown, earcoverts and upper breast, and slate gray on the breast and ab- domen without paler edges to the feathers. The back is mouse gray. Range.—From western Nepal east along the Himalayas to Sikkim where intergrades occur with the following form, south in U.P., Bihar and West Bengal to the vicinity of Calcutta, in the lowlands wherever suitable stands of deciduous and evergreen forest and scrub occur. Pre- sumably this form is migratory, occurring in the lowlands in winter, and returning to the Terai, Duars and foothills in the spring. ¢) Rhipidura albicollis stanleyi Baker Rhipidura albicollis stanleyi Baker, 1916, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, 36: 81, new name for: Rhipidura albicollis kempi Baker, 1913 (September) Ree. Ind. Mus. 8: 275. (Abor Hills), preoccupied by Rhipidura flabel- lifera kempi Mathews and Iredale, 1913 (July 1). This population of albicollis, which Baker later decided was not rec- ognizable (1924, Fauna of British India. Birds, 2: 279), is in fact dis- tinetly darker than the nominate form. The slate black of the upper breast merges more gradually into the slate color of the breast and ab- domen than in albicollis. The underparts are in general deeper, more purely slate-colored than in albicollis and the back color is darker and richer also, very dark mouse gray with an infusion of clove brown. The tail is blackish in tone rather than dark blackish brown. It is perhaps needless to point out that critical examination in this species is really dependent on fresh material. I have seen no topotypes of stanleyi from the Abor Hills, but ~e have material taken from the Mishmi Hills on the 1947 Yale-Smithsonian Expedition, as well as considerable material from Assam in general of even later date. Range.—From Sikkim where it intergrades with the nominate form, east through Bhutan, Assam, the northeastern Hills of Hast Pakistan, to northern Burma from the Chin Hills north along the Chindwin drainage system to Myitkina District and north and east to the N’Mai River, in the hills, descending to the adjacent plains in winter. d) Rhipidura albicollis orissae, subsp. nov. Type.—é ad. (Yale Peabody Museum No. 24864), collected Decem- ber 15, 1949, by SAdlim Ali at Toda, Bonai, Orissa. Paratype—dé ad. (Bombay Natural History Society Registry No. 16992), collected on the same date by SAlim Ali at the same locality. Diagnosis. — From albicollis, this subspecies differs by being dark olive-brown rather than mouse gray on the back and scapulars, this color Ripley—White-throated Fantail Flycatcher 43 being clearly demarcated on the hind nape, from the rich black of the forehead and crown. Below, orissae is slaty on the breast, fading to slate-gray on the abdomen with a distinct patch of buff or cream in the center of the belly, running to the vent. The tips of the tail feathers are creamy buff rather than pure white as in typical albicollis. From canes- cens and stanleyi this form differs as it does from albicollis, being alto- gether paler, more brownish, and with a noticeable patch on the lower abdomen, in this latter character alone showing an approach to the Javan form, euryura. Range.—Orissa in Boad, Sambalpur, the Simlipal Hills (Mayurbhanj), Keonjhar and Bonai, and presumablly in M.P. in the upper Godavari Valley (Bastar) and Raipur, vide Ball, (1878, Stray Feathers, 7: 211). e) Rhipidura albicollis celsa Riley Rhipidura albicollis celsa Riley, 1929, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 42: 166. (Khun Tan, N. Thailand). Compared to stanleyi, celsa is a lighter colored bird, the back paler clove-brown, the tail dark brown rather than black. The breast and ab- domen are plumbeous, the feathers often tipped or edged with ashy or drab. Although compared to typical albicollis, the upper parts of celsa are similar, the underparts are distinctly paler, more grayish or plum- beous with the characteristic pale tips on the lower breast and abdomen (13 out of 16 specimens show this in the series). From canescens this form may be distinguished by the darker back, although the underparts are very similar, with the sole addition of the pale edging as noted. Range.—Burma in the extreme NH, east of the N’Mai River (Htaw- gaw), Tenasserim, and presumably the easternmost Shan States, Yunnan and SW. Szechuan in China, Thailand, and Indochina in N. Laos, N. Annam and Tonkin. f) Rhipidura albicollis cinerascens Delacour Rhipidura albicollis cinerascens Delacour, 1927, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, #7: 156 (Djiring, S. Annam). This form differs from albicollis by being paler above and below with a tendency to pale drab tips to the feathers of the abdomen and under tail coverts. Compared to celsa it is paler on the back, less olive-tinted, the brown tone more hair brown. Below also it is paler, the abdomen and under tail coverts with feather edgings of drab. This is a paler, less olive-tinted bird on the upper parts than orissae, and more plumbeous below with darker drab edgings. Range.—Indochina in southern Annam. g) Rhipidura albicollis atrata Salvadori Rhipidura atrata Salvadori, 1878, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genoa, 14: 203. (Padang, W. Sumatra). Rhipidura albicollis robinsoni Chasen, 1941, Treubia, 178, Suppl: 61 (Bukit Fraser, Pahang, Malaya). Chasen (t.c. supra.) separated the Malay Peninsula population of the White-throated Fantail Flycatcher on the basis of the larger white tips to the outer tail feathers. My series does not support his contention, nor can I find any other signigficant difference between birds from the two areas. 44 Procedings of the Biological Society of Washington Atrata is a darker form than typical albicollis both above and below, although it is quite distinct from stanleyi in the color of the back which is far more clove brown, rather than dark mouse gray. Range.—Malaya and Sumatra. h) Rhipidura albicollis kinabalu Chasen Rhipidura albicollis kinabalu Chasen, 1941, Treubia, 18, Suppl: 62. (Mt. Kinabalu, British North Borneo) This form differs from atrata only in the lessened area of white on the tail. Range.—Mount Kinabalu, British North Borneo and north Sarawak south at least to the Kelabit Plateau. i) Rhipidura albicollis sarawacensis Chasen Rhipidura albicollis sarawacensis Chasen, 1941 Treubia, 18, Suppl. 62. (Mt. Poi, west Sarawak) I have not examined specimens of this population which on the basis of the original description sounds like a well-marked form, viz: ‘‘upper parts as in Kinabalu, but under parts including the under tail coverts paler, about as in the typical race. White in the plumage everywhere accentuated. The supercilia broad and extending the full length of the crown; the white tail tips even longer than in robinsoni (=atrata), and the breast and center of the abdomen mixed with white.’’ Range.—Mount Poi, west Sarawak. Allied Species 2. Rhipidura euryura S. Miller Rhipidura euryura S. Miller, 1843, in Temminck’s Verh. Nat. Gesch. Land-en Volkenk: 185, footnote. (Java) This species seems to me to be a representative form on Java, and I would so include it as a member of the superspecies, albicollis. It differs from the other populations of the superspecies in being bluish-slate on the upper and lower surfaces of the body, rather duller below, in having the white tips of the tail feathers reduced to the two outer pairs and in having white on the abdomen and under tail coverts. The thighs are brownish. However, the tendency to increase or reduction of white tips on the tail exists within the species albicollis. The increase of white on the lower surface is already heralded in other forms such as orissae, and sarawacensis (vide, Chasen, t.c.). The bluish slate color of the upper and under parts is an accentuation of the trend towards plumbeous in forms such as celsa. Like the forms of albicollis, the wing and tail feathers and a large area on the head are blackish, and there is a similar broad white superciliary streak. Chasen (1935, Bull. Raffles Mus. No. 11: 175) unaccountably states that he believes that Rhipidura phoenicura of Java may be a representa- tive of albicollis. I cannot agree with this, feeling that ewryura is closely allied to albicollis. Phoenicura with its chestnut rump and tail seems to me closer to some of the Philippine or Papuan species than to the Indo- Malayan Fantails. Range. — Java. (There are unconfirmed records for the species on Sumatra and Borneo.) Ripley—White-throated Fantail Flycatcher 45 Measurements In over seventy of the specimens of this species from all parts of the range, I have been unable to find any measurements which would indi- cate that there is a significant difference in size within the populations. Individual birds from the mountains of Kashmir (canescens) and Yun- nan (celsa) seem large, but this would be expected according to Berg- mann’s Rule. Birds from the southern parts of the range do not seem Significantly smaller. Wing measurements range from 76-85 mm. (cin- erascens), to from 70.5-80.5 mm. (stanley). This encompasses the whole range of variation for the species. Similarly the tail varies from a low of 90 mm. (euryura) to 109 mm. (celsa), with all other populations fit- ting within this range. The culmen varies from 11-15 mm. throughout the superspecies. The single measurement which seems to vary in a significant way among the populations is the length of the white tail tip of the outermost rectrix, measured along the inner web at the shaft. This is listed below: In the above measurements, two single specimens are listed under stanleyi and kinabalu which fall well outside the range of the others. From the above it will be seen that cinerascens and atrata appear to have the greatest extent of white on the tail, while within atrata the Sumatran population (atrata) overlaps the Malayan population (‘‘rob- insoni’’) in more than 75% of the specimens measured. On the basis of this series there seems to be a pronounced difference in the size of the white tail area between typical albicollis and stanleyi, formerly synony- mized with it. These differences appear to be nonadaptive, and they do not vary clinally. BanAdna °Z sTsusdemeius’t EEE nTsqeatyy -=- uotgaetndod waqgsuns -- uotgetndod sksrteyq 6481989 suedsBIEeUTO® J Bs T90°O eBSETIO°DP tAeTusB sd STTIOOTGTe°4 BUODSOUBO* BT (*mm) dt} TTe@} 94TYUM Jo YYSueT suemtoeds setoedsqns JO °ON pue soetoeds Vol. 68, pp. 47-58 May 20, 1955 PROCEEDINGS ete OF THE lg ON BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Sc 2 ¥/ rs + FIVE NEW VENEZUELAN BIRDS AND NINE EXTENSIONS OF RANGES TO COLOMBIA By Wiutuiam H. PHEeLps anp Winuiam H. PHELPS, JR)\\ cRNA! Besides describing new subspecies from our collection, wé are extending the ranges of birds from Venezuela to Colom- bia. From July 20 to August 9, 1953, Ramén Urbano made a collection on the summit of Cerro Alto del Cedro, Zulia, the easternmost of the Montes de Oca at the northern end of the great Sierra de Perij&é which from this point south forms the boundary between Venezuela and Colombia. Cerro Alto del Cedro is only 450 meters high and has a tropical avi- fauna. It is partly in Venezuela and partly in Colombia. The inter- national frontier runs across the summit, changing its west to east direction to east of north at the marker on the top. The summit camp was only a few meters from the boundary post. Consequently, the birds collected there were taken on either Venezuelan or Colombian soil and may be considered as of both countries. A collection was also made at the northern base of the mountain at Hato La Esperanza, 50 meters above sea level, through which the bound- ary line also passes, the boundary marker being close to the farm house. So, all specimens collected at both localities may be considered as both Venezuelan and Colombian. Burgua, a locality mentioned several times in this paper, is in the Orinoco watershed in the extreme southwestern corner of the state of Tachira, on the boundary with the state of Apure, about 20 kilometers from the Colombian frontier, in the lowlands drained by the Rio Apure. There are open cultivated areas and dense forest. Collections were made from 350 to 530 meters. Cerro El Teteo rises immediately to the west of Burgua and is on the foothills of the Paramo de Tama, 30 kilometers to the northwest. It is covered with virgin forest. Collections were made from 800 to 250 meters. Subtropical species occur there as the land continues to rise to the very high Paramo de Tama. We are indebted to the Curators of the collections in the American Museum of Natural History, Carnegie Museum, Chicago Natural His- tory Museum, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences and the U. S. National Museum for access to their collections. Specimens listed are in the Phelps Collection, Caracas, unless other- wise specified. Names of colors are capitalized when direct comparison has been made with Ridgway’s ‘‘Color Standards and Color Nomen- elature,’’? 1912. Wing measurements are of the chord. 7—Proc. Biou. Soc. WASH., Vou. 68, 1955 (47) F 4 MAY 9 0 1955 48 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Pauxi pauxi gilliardi Wetmore and Phelps Pauxi pauxi gillardi Wetmore and Phelps, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 38, No. 5, p. 144, May 15, 1943. (Tierra Nueva, Sierra de Perija, Mag- dalena, Colombia. ) 1 2, Burga (San Luis), TAchira; 500 meters. Hitherto the species had only been collected in the Venezuelan Andes from the Caracas ot the Mérida regions (P. p. pauxi (Linné)), the Sierra de PerijA on both the Venezuelan and Colombian sides (P. p. gilliardi) and in Bolivia (P. p. unicornis Bond and de Schauensee). However, it has been reported far away from the above range. Hell- mayr and Conover! say: ‘‘The reported occurrence in Cayenne, eastern Peri (Maynas)and Colombia (Santa Marta), as well as in southern Venezuela (banks of the Rio Casiquiare and upper Orinoco) has never been corroborated.’’ Sclater? says: ‘‘Natterer heard of this bird’s exis- tenee when in the upper Rio Negro, and has recorded that, according to information received from the natives, it occurs on the Rio Casi- quiare and adjoining parts of the Orinoco, and is called by the natives ‘“Pauxi de Piedra,’’ or Stone Curassow... .’’ The Burgua bird constitutes the first positive record of the species in the Orinoco watershed lowlands. Larus argentatus smithsonianus Coues Larus argentatus smithsonianus Coues, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., 14, p. 296, 1862. (Hastern and western coasts of North America.) 1 (?) juv., Isla de Aves, Venezuela. This specimen constitutes an extension of range of the species to Venezuela. It was collected on April 18, 1954, on the Phelps-Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales Expedition to Isla de Aves, on the yacht ‘‘Ornis.’’ No other specimens were seen. A number of Laughing Gulis (Larus atricilla) were observed but they were not breeding. Sey- eral hundred thousands Sooty Terns (Sterna fuscata) were breeding as well as a lesser number of Noddies (Anoiis stolidus), which nested on the ground, there being no bushes nor trees. The Venezuelan ‘‘Isla de Aves’’ is situated about 460 kilometers north of Margarita Island and 180 west of Dominica. It is 600 meters long and its greatest width is 150 meters. The Herring Gull ranges south during the winter to Panama, Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Virgin Islands and Barbados, according to Bond (Check List of Birds of the West Indies, p. 50, 1950). Heliangelus amethysticollis verdiscutus, new subspecies Type: From Villa Paez, Paramo de Tama region, Estado Tachira, Venezuela; 2500 meters. No. 10,810, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected February 14, 1941, by Ventura Barnés Jr. (Type on deposit at American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to H. a. violiceps Phelps and Phelps Jr., of the Perija Mountains, Venezuela, from which it differs by more greenish, 1 Birds of the Americas, etc., Part 1, No. 1, p. 119, 1942. 2Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 19, Part 4, p. 285, July, 1875. Phelps and Phelps—Venezuelan Birds and Ranges 49 less bluish frontal shield; from H. a. clarisse (Longuemare), eastern Colombia, as well as from the other known races, differs by a coppery purplish crown instead of green uniform with the back. Range: Known from the Paramo de Tama region of Venezuela and from the Piramo de Tam4, Colombia, in the Subtropical and Temperate Zones at altitudes from 2060 to 3000 meters. Description of Type: Lustrous frontal shield nearest to Cendre Green; crown Dark Livid Purple merging on the nape into the Parrot Green of the back and upper tail-coverts; rump more bronzy; lores and sides of head blackish; a small white postocular spot. Chin blackish; throat lustrous Purple; a white band separating the purple throat from the glittering yellowish green of the lower breast and sides; flanks Parrot Green; feathers of abdomen with greenish centers and buffy margins; lower tail-coverts white with prominent brownish shaft stripes. Remiges Dark Vinaceous Drab; greater wing-coverts dusky greenish; lesser ones greenish bronze uniform with back; greater under wing-coverts uniform with remiges; lesser ones yellowish green. Median rectrices Krombergs Green; remainder blackish with a purplish tinge, the outer two pairs faintly tipped with whitish. Bill (in life) ‘‘black’’; feet ‘‘black’’; iris ‘‘dark’’. Wing, 66.5 mm.; tail, 40; exposed culmen, 17.5; culmen from base, 23; tarsus, 5. Remarks: Sexes unlike in color; the males have longer wings and tails. Size similar to violiceps and clarisse. Range of measurements: five adult males, including type—wing, 65-66.5 (66.1) mm.; tail, 40-41 (40.2); exposed culmen, 18-18.5 (18.2); four adult females—wing, 59-61.5 (60.4); tail, 36-38 (37); exposed culmen, 19-19 (19). Measure- ments of violiceps: five adult males—wing, 65-71 (69); tail, 38-41 (40.2); exposed culmen, 16-17 (16.5). Five adult [males] of clarisse, ‘‘Bogota’’ skins—wing, 63-75 (69); tail, 40-42 (40.8) ; exposed culmen, 16-17 (16.8). The female differs by having the crown green uniform with the back; the gorget bluer and restricted im size, the rest of throat being blackish without iridescence; the wings and tail shorter. One specimen is a female apparently immature. It differs from the other females in having the gorget still bluer and restricted to a few feathers on the chin; the rest of chin and throat is blackish, the fea- thers with fine white shaft stripes. Specimens Examined H. a. violiceps—VENEZUELA: Cerro Pejochaina, 14 ¢, 1 [4]; 1 [Q]; Cerro Tetari, 2 [$6], 29,119], 1 juv.; Fila Macoita-Apén, 3 [ CEES H. a. verdiscutus— VENEZUELA: Padramo de Tama, 1 6,1 ¢3, 1 @; Villa Paez, 5 g (ine. type), 2 [6], 1 2,1 [92], 1 @ juv.; Las Delicias, 1 6, 1 9. COLOMBIA: Paramo de Tama, Norte de San- tander,2 3 6,1 6 juv. H. a. clarisse—COLOMBIA: Cachiri, Santander, 1 ¢4; ‘‘Colombia,’’ 64; var. loes.5, 568, 8 Specimens in Chicago Natural History Museum. 4 Specimens in Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences. 5 Specimens in American Museum of Natural History. ° For localities see Zimmer, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1540, p. 28, Dec. 3, 1951. 50 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington H. a. laticlavius—ECUADOR®: 68, H. a. decolor—PERU5: 86 H. a. amethysticollis—PERU5: 76, BOLIVIA5: 46, Dendrocincla homochroa meridionalis Phelps and Phelps Jr. Dendrocincla homochroa meridionalis Phelps and Phelps Jr., Proce. Biol. Soc. Wash., 66, p. 133, August 10, 1953. (Burgua, Tachira.) 4 6, 3 2, Cerro Alto del Cedro (summit, 450 m.), Colombian boundary. 1 6,1 (2%), Cerro Alto del Cedro (Hato La Esperanza, 50 m.), Co- lombian boundary. These specimens constitute an extension of range from northwestern Venezuela to Colombia. In the original description the range of this subspecies was confined to the upper Apure valley, near the Colombian frontier, in the states of Tachira, Barias and Apure. In the same publication the population of the Sierra de Perija, Zulia, in Perija, and of the extreme north- western tip of Lara, was called D. h. ruficeps Sclater and Salvin, of eastern Panama. From July 20 to August 9, 1958, the above additional series was ob- tained. These new specimens show that they cannot be separated from those from the Apure valley, nor from those from Perija, collected in 1940, and that they are all meridionalis. Therefore rujiceps ceases to have a Venezuelan range and is confined to eastern Panama; de Schau- ensee, in ‘‘The Birds of the Republic of Colombia,’’? does not give a Colombian range to the species homochroa so the species jumps across northern Colombia from Panama to the Venezuelan border. Cranioleuca subcristata fuscivertex, new subspecies Type: From Burgua, upper Apure valley, Tachira, Venezuela; 350 meters. No. 58748, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult female collected November 16, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the Ameri- can Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Stripmg on top of head more prominent, blacker, less brownish, than in the nominate form. Range: Known from two specimens from the headwaters of the Uri- bante and Apure rivers, near the Colombian frontier. Description of Type: Top of head streaked broadly with Fuscous and very narrowly (edges of feathers) with buffy gray; back Medal Bronze, paler on rump; upper tail-coverts mixed with rufous; post-superciliary stripe grayish; sides of head grayish olive. Chin and anterior throat whitish merging into the Deep Olive-Buff X Dark Olive-Buff of pos- terior throat, breast, sides and abdomen; flanks, sides and under tail- coverts brownish. Remiges Benzo Brown margined externally with Cinnamon-Rufous, more narrowly and paler on primaries, brighter and more extensive on tertials; inner webs of remiges margined with Light Ochraceous-Salmon, except apically on primaries; primary coverts Benzo Brown margined with Cinnamon-Rufous; median and lesser coverts Cinnamon-Rufous; under wing-coverts and axillaries mixed Orange-Buff and Light Ochraceous—Salmon. Tail Hazel, under surface duller. Bill (in life) ‘‘maxilla brown; mandible flesh color’’; feet ‘‘ greenish 7 Caldasia, 5, Nos. 22-26, pp. 221-1214, Sept. 15, 1948-July 1, 1952. Phelps and Phelps—Venezuelan Birds and Ranges 51 yellow’’; iris ‘‘chestnut.’?’ Wing, 61 mm.; tail, 59; exposed culmen, 12.5; culmen from base, 16.5; tarsus, 18. Remarks: Size similar to subcristata. Range of measurements: two adult females, including type—wing, 61-61 (61) mm.; tail, 59-62 (60.5) ; culmen from base, 16.5-17 (16.7). Measurements of swbcristata, from the Caracas region: five adult males—wing, 60-65 (62.8); tail, 62-72 (65.6) ; culmen from base, 15.5-17 (16.2); five adult females—wing, 58-61 (58.8); tail, 60-67 (62.6); culmen from base, 15-17 (15.8). The second specimen, from Guasdualito, Apure, is similar to the type except that the under parts are lighter, Olive-Buff by Deep Olive- Buff. This new subspecies extends the range of the species from the mountainous north coast region of Venezuela and eastern Colombia to the upper Apure River basin. Specimens Hxamined C. s. subcristata_VHNEZUELA: Zulia—Santa Rosalia, Perija, 1 6 ; Mene Grande, 1 ¢,1 9. Barinas—Altamira, 2¢. Lara—Cubiro, 1 ¢, 1 2; Cerro El Cerrén, 1 2; Guarico, 1 ¢8. Faleén-San Luis, 3 4, 2 92. Yaracuy—Lagunita de Aroa’, 2 $6 1 9. Carabobo—Sierra de Carabobo, 5 68; 1 ¢, 4 2; El Trompillo, 1 ¢8; Cumbre de Valencia, 1 9°; Mariara, 1 ¢. Aragua—Ocumare de la Costa, 1 69; La Vic- toria, 1 2. Distrito Federal—El Limén8, 1 ¢, 2 2; Puerto de la Cruz, 1 98; El Junquito, 1 9; El Valle, 1 6; Baruta, 1 ¢; Galipdan, 1 92°; Silla de Caracas, 1 ¢; Caracas?, 1 6, 3 2; Loma Redonda, 2 98; Los Caracas, 1 @, 1 (2); San José de Los Caracas, 1 9. Miranda— Santa Lucia’, 1 6, 1 9; Guarenas, 1 6; Petare, 1 (?)8; Cerro Golfo Triste, 3 ¢. 1 (2). Anzoditegui—Quebrada Bonita, Bergantin, 2 6, 2 9. Monagas—Caripe, 2 9, 1 (?); Gudcharo, 1 (?)5; Cerro Negro, 1 ¢. Sucre—Quebrada Seca, 1 6°; Los Palmales, 1 95; Mt. Turumi- quire’, 7 6,2 9,1 (?); La Hlvecia8, 1 6, 1 9; Cumanacoa8, 2 6, 1 2. COLOMBIA: La Colorada, Boyacé, 1 68; ‘‘Bogota’’, 2 (?)9. Xenops minutus olivaceus Aveledo and Pons. XAenops minutus olivaceus Aveledo and Pons, Novedades Cientificas, Contrib. Occasion. Mus. Hist. Nat. La Salle, Ser. Zool., No. 7, p. 9, June, 1952. (Kunana, Rio Negro, Perija, Estado Zulia.) 4 36,3 2,6 (2), Cerro Alto del Cedro (summit, 450 meters), Colom- bian Boundary. These specimens constitute an extension of range from the Sierra de Perija, Venezuela, to Colombia. Seventeen additional specimens from further south in Rio Soeuy and Perija are in the Phelps Collection and 3 in the Pons Collection. Xenops rutilans perijanus Phelps and Phelps Jr. Xenops rutilans perijanus Phelps and Phelps Jr., Proce. Biol. Soc. Wash., No. 67, p. 105, June 2, 1954. (Cerro Pejochaina, Alto Rio Ne- gro, Sierra de Perija, Zulia.) 1 (%), Cerro Alto del Cedro (summit, 450 meters), Colombian bound- ary. 8 Specimens in Carnegie Museum. ® Specimens in U. S. National Museum. 52 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington This specimen constitutes an extension of range from the Sierra de PerijAé, Venezuela, to Colombia. From Perijé, further to the south, there are 12 additional specimens in the Phelps Collection, 6 in the Pons Collection and one in the La Salle Collection. Dysithamnus mentalis viridis Aveledo and Pons. Dysithamnus mentalis viridis Aveledo and Pons, Novedades Sientifii- eas, Contrib. Ocasion. Mus. Nat. Hist. La Salle, Ser. Zool., No. 7, p. 13, 1952. (Cerro Jamayaujaina, Rio Negro, Sierra de Perij4, Zulia.) 6 6,1 9,1 (%), Cerro Alto del Cedro (summit, 450 meters), Colom- bian boundary. These specimens constitute an extension of range from the Sierra da Perija, Zulia, to Colombia. From further south, in Perija, there are 23 additional specimens in the Phelps Collection, 16 in the La Salle Collection and 19 in the Pons Collection. Myrmeciza immaculata brunnea, new subspecies Type: From Barranquilla, Sierra de Perija, Estado Zulia, Venezuela; 960 meters. No. 57616, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult female col- lected March 7, 1953, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to M. i. immaculata (Lafresnaye), from Colom- bia and Estado Lara, Venezuela, but the female differs from all races by more brownish, less rufous, upper parts; differs additionally from M. i. berlepschi Ridgway by more olivaceous, less chestnut, under parts. Male is not separable. Description of type: Back and uropygium more chestnut than Chest- nut Brown; crown darker brown merging into blackish of forehead; lores and sides of head blackish; an extensive postorbital bare skin area. Chin dusky; throat Dresden Brown X Prout’s Brown, merging into the Cinnamon Brown X Prout’s Brown of the rest of the under parts. Remiges Fuscous, outer webs uniform with back, except terminally where they are more dusky; inner tertials and upper wing-coverts uniform with back; tips of feathers on shoulders white; under wing-coverts Fuscous. Tail Fuscous-Black. Bill (in life) ‘‘maxilla black, mandible whitish gray’’; feet ‘‘black’’; iris ‘‘brown’’; Wing, 75 mm.; tail, 76; exposed culmen, 17; culmen from base, 22; tarsus, 32. Remarks: Sexes different in color but similar in size. Size similar to immaculata. Range of measurements: five adult males—wing, 75-79 (77.8) mm.; tail, 80-80 (80); eulmen from base, 23-23 (23); four adult females, including type—wing, 74-76 (75.3); tail, 70-78 (75.6); culmen from base, 21.5-23 (22.3). Measurements of immaculata: three adult males—wing, 79-81.5 (80.1); tail, 81-85 (83.7) ; eulmen from base, 23-23 (23); five adult females—wing, 79-82 (80.3); tail, 71-78 (75.2); culmen from base, 21-22 (21.6). The mandibles of the five females (in life as well as in the dried skins collected in 1950 and 1953) are grayish white, while the five females Phelps and Phelps—Venezuelan Birds and Ranges 53 of immaculata in the American Museum of Natural History, collected a long time ago, have yellowish mandibles. Lafresnay’s original de- scription of immaculata says ‘‘mandibula albicante.’’ Specimens Examined M, i. zeledoni®—COSTA RICA: 19. PANAMA: Santa Fé, Veraguas, Mais Og M. i. berlepschi®8 —PANAMA: Mt. Tacarcuna, 4 6, 5 9. COLOM- BIA: Baudé, Chocé, 1 ¢, 1 9; Alto Bonito, Antioquia, 3 ¢; Lomita Trail, Cauca, 2 6, 2 9,3 (%); Salencia, 1 ¢; Las Lomitas, 1 ¢; San José, 2 6,3 2; Buenavista, Narino, 2 9; Barbacoas, 10 6,7 9; Pri- mavera, west Colombia, 1 9. ECUADOR: Cachabi, 4 6, 4 2; Rio de Oro, 1 6,3 2; Naranjo, 3 92; Mindo. 1 ¢; Santa Rosa, 1 2; Gualea, 1 ¢; Las Pifas,1 ¢ ; Bueay, 2 6; Chimbo, 6 6, 2 9; La Chonta, 1 92; San Nicolas, 2 2; Santo Domingo, 1 9. M. i. immaculata—COLOMBIA: La Frijolera, Antioquia, 2 995; Honda®, 2 6, 1 9; Fusugasuga, 1 6°; ‘‘Bogotaé,’’ 2 [4] cotype!?, 1 [92] ecotype?®, 1 [2 ]19, 1 [9]; no loc, 1 [4 ]19; east of Palmira, Cauca, 1 95. M. i. brunnea—VENEZUELA: La Sabana, Perijé, Zulia, 2 6,1 9; Kunana, 4 ¢; Cerro Pejochaina, 1 ¢; Barranquilla, Perija, 5 6,4 @. Formicarius analis griseoventris Aveledo and Ginés Formicarius analis griseoventris Aveledo and Ginés, Mem. Soe. Cien. Nat., La Salle, 10, No. 26, p. 69, 1950. (Kunana, Sierra de Perija, Hs- tado Zulia.) 11 6,1 92,3 (2), Cerro Alto del Cedro (summit, 450 meters), Colom- bian boundary. These specimens constitute an extension of range from the Maracaibo Lake watershed to Colombia. 14 additional specimens are in the Phelps Coilection from Periji (10) and Mene Grande (1), Zulia; La Fria (2), Tachira; El Vigia (1), Mérida; and from Perijé, 6 in the La Salle Collection and 4 in the Pons Collection. In the original description of griseoventris, F. a. saturatus Ridgway was also listed from Perija localities but reexamination of the new large series from Cerro Alto del Cedro shows that all the Perijé speci- mens, as well as those from Mene Grande, EH] Vigia and La Fria are referable to griseoventris. This new series establishes a new and much more distinctive diagnostic character, as against saturatus, than the one used in the original de- scription; this new character being: griseoveniris differs from saturatus in having the chestnut collar on the sides of the neck more extensive, brighter and more prominent. It is quite different from F. a. virescens Todd of Santa Marta. Description of immature plumage. Our specimen from Mene Grande is more brownish, less olivaceous above, the chestnut collar on nape is very prominent, the chin and throat are white, the feathers faintly and narrowly edged with brownish and the abdomen is more whitish. 54 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Pachyramphus cinnamomeus badius, new subspecies Type: From Burgua, Campamento Petrolero, Estado Tachira, Vene- zuela; 350 meters. No. 58866, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected November 4, 1952, by Ramoén Urbano. (Type on deposit at American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Differs from P. c. cinnamomeus Lawrence, of Panama to Ecuador, by darker back and uropygium, browner, less cinnamon; and from P. c. magdalenae Chapman, of northeastern Colombia and the Maracaibo Lake basin, differs additionally by darker crown and under parts. Range: Known only from the type locality in southern Tachira in the extreme northwestern part of the Apure River watershed in the Orinoco valley, west of the Uribante River, distant from the Colombian border about 25 kilometers, in the Tropical Zone and at altitudes of from 200 to 500 meters. Description of type: Crown Auburn, merging into the Brussels Brown of nape and back, which in turn merges into the Antique Brown of uropygium; lores pale buffy; ear-coverts buffy brownish. Chin white; throat and breast Cinnamon-Buff; abdomen and under tail-coverts Light Ochraceous-Buff; sides of neck, sides and flanks Cinnamon. Primaries and secondaries Fuscous, outer webs, excepting apically, Antique Brown; tertials wholly Antique Brown; inner webs of remiges Light Vinaceous- Cinnamon except apically; primary upper wing-coverts Brussels Brown tipped with dusky; rest of upper wing-coverts Brussels Brown, lighter on margins; under wing-coverts and axillaries Cinnamon-Buff. Median rectrices Brussels Brown, the others progressively paler; the outer ones Pinkish-Cinnamon. Bill (in life) ‘‘maxilla black, mandible gray’’; feet ‘‘ greenish gray’’; iris ‘‘dark.’’ Wing, 78 mm.; tail, 56; exposed culmen, 13.5; culmen from base, 16; tarsus, 19.5. Remarks: Sexes similar in color and size but the male has the second primary from the outside very short and attenuated. Size similar to magdalenae. Range of measurements: five adult males, including type— wing, 74-78 (76.3) mm.; tail, 56-59 (57.2); eulmen from base, 14-16 (15); five adult females—wing, 74-75 (74.3); tail, 538-58 (55.4); eulmen from base, 15-16 (15.7). Measurements of magdalenae from Calamar and Jaraquiel, Colombia: five adult males—wing, 73-77 (75.4); tail, 54-57 (54.8); eulmen from base, 14.5-16 (15.2); four adult females— wing, 70.5-73 (71.9); tail, 51-55 (53); eulmen from base, 15-16 (15.5). Specimens Examined P. c. vividior—MEXICO: 33. GUATEMALA: 35. NICARAGUA: 105. HONDURAS: 5 (ine. type)1°. COSTA RICA: 819; 165. P. c. cinnamomeus—PANAMA: 275; 4019. COLOMBIA: Sautata, Rio Atrato8, 1 6,1 9; Quibdé’, 2 ¢,1 2; Murindo, Antioquia’, 2 ¢, 1 9; El Tambo, Chocé8, 1 9; Andagoya’, 1 6,1 92; Yuntas 2 95; Malena, 1 65; Noanama®, 1 6,1 92; Buenaventura, 1 ¢°; Alto Bonito, 1 65; Bahia de Solano, 2 ¢5; Juntas de Tamana, 1 65; Puerto Val- divia5, 2 6, 3 9; Barbacoas®, 4 ¢, 2 2, 1 (?); Honda, 1 9°; Los 10 Specimens in Museum of Comparative Zoology. Phelps and Phelps—Venezuelan Birds and Ranges 55 Cisneros, 1 65; San José5, 2 ¢, 29; Buena Vista, 1 25; ‘‘Bogoté’’5, 1[¢], 2 [2]. ECUADOR: 185, P. c. magdalenae——COLOMBIA: Santa Marta, 1 61°, 5 $8 4 98 1 (?)8; Neshi, Antioquia, 3 63; Alta Vista, 1 ¢3; Cuturt?, 2 6,1 9; Calamar§, 3 6,2 9; Jaraquiel8, 2 ¢,2 9; Gamarra, Magdalena’, 1 ¢, 1 2; Algodonal, 1 (type)®; El Tambor, Santander, 1 $8; Bucara- manga, 1 $8; Ciécuta, 1 93. VENEZUELA: Machiques, Perija, Zulia, 3 9; San Rafael, 1 6, 1 (?); La Sabana, 1 (?); La Sierra, 1 9; Barranquilla, 1 ¢ ; Santa Barbara, Zulia, 2 6,3 9; Encontrados?, 1 4, 2 2; Mene Grande, 1 2; Oropé, Téchira?, 2 ¢,1 2; Seboruco, 1 ¢, 199; la Bria, 5 ¢, 3 2, 1 (2); Mesa Bolivar, 1 6; La Azulita, Mérida®, 1 6,1 92; Santa Elena’, 1 46,3 Q. P. c. badius—VENEZUELA: Burgua, Tachira, 8 6, 6 9, 3 (2). Piprites chloris perijanus Phelps and Phelps Jr. Piprites chloris perijanus Phelps and Phelps Jr., Proc. Biol. Soe. Wash., 62, p. 187, Dec. 22, 1949. (a Sabana, Rio Negro, Periji, Zulia.) 3 6,2 9,1 (2), Cerro Alto del Cedro (summit, 450 meters), Colom- bian boundary. These specimens constitute an extension of range from the Sierra de Perija, Venezuela, to Colombia. After this race was described, on two males from Perija, eight more specimens have been collected in Perijé besides the above six from further north. This additional material shows that perijanus is nearest to P. c. antioquiae Chapman from which it differs by a darker back. Lophotriccus pileatus santaluciae Todd Lophotriccus pileatus santaluciae Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 32, p. 299, Feb. 15, 1952. (Santa Lucia, Miranda, Venezuela.) 6 6,5 (%), Cerro Alto del Cedro (summit, 450 meters), Colombian boundary. These specimens constitute an extension of range from northern Vene- zuela to Colombia. This race is represented by 29 specimens in the Phelps Collection, 5 in the La Salle Collection and 14 in the Pons Collection; also by the 8 paratypes in the Carnegie Museum. Apparently no form of L. pileatus has been previously reported from northern Colombia. Pipromorpha oleaginea abdominalis, new subspecies Type: From Los Caracas, Distrito Federal, Venezuela; near sea level. No. 18148, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult [male] collected April 28, 1942, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Differs from all Venezuelan races of oleaginea by duller, paler buffy brown abdomen, less yellowish or ochraceous. In color it is nearest to P. o. dorsalis Phelps and Phelps Jr., of the Subtropical Zone of Mt. Roraima, from which it differs additionally by lighter olive upper parts, with more of a yellowish tinge. The male differs addi- tionally from P. o. chloronota (D’Orbigny and Lafresnaye), P. 0. parca (Bangs), P. o. intensa Zimmer and Phelps and P. o. pallidiventris (Hell- 56 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington mayr) by darker upper parts, and from the first three by having the outer primaries attenuated and notched. Range: Known from the Caracas region on the coast at sea level and on the interior range of mountains in the Tropical Zone at 600 and 700 meters. Description of type: Head, nape, back and upper rump nearest Dull Citrine, this merging into the Buffy Citrine of lower rump and upper tail-coverts. Chin grayish citrine merging into the Buffy Citrine of breast and then into the near Isabella of abdomen, flanks and under tail-coverts. Wings Benzo Brown; outer webs of primaries and second- aries narrowly edged with grayish olive except apically; inner tertials strongly edged externally and apically with yellowish white; primary coverts Benzo Brown; greater wing-coverts margined with buffy olive forming two poorly defined wing bars; bend of wing buffy; under wing- coverts and axillaries Ochraceous-Buff. Tail lighter than Benzo Brown, paler on under surface; rectrices margined externally with Dull Citrine and very faintly and narrowly tipped with buffy white. Bill (in life) ‘‘black, base of mandible cream’’; feet ‘‘dark’’; iris ‘“brown.’? Wing, 61 mm.; tail, 44; exposed culmen, 11; culmen from base, 138; tarsus, 15. Remarks: Sexes alike in color but male has attenuated, notched, outer primaries, and longer wing. Range of measurements: two adult males, including the type—wing, 61-61 (61) mm.; tail, 43-44 (43.5); culmen from base, 13-13.5 (13.2); one adult female—wing, 56; tail, 41; culmen from base, 13.5; one specimen of undetermined sex, but probably a female because of wing length—wing, 57; tail, 42; culmen from base, 13. It would appear that the males of the new race have a shorter tail than the other Venezuelan races but the shortness of the series of abdominalis prohibits its use in diagnosis. Five adult males of each of these subspecies show these tail measurements: chloronota 44-47 (46.5) ; intensa, 48.5-50 (49.3); pallidiventris, 49-51 (50); parca, 44-49 (46.8). Todd11, commenting on the generic characters, says ‘‘. . . the outer primaries in many individuals are more or less narrowed terminally, or even distinetly emarginate ... , the precise character and extent of this modification varying greatly.’’ Our considerable series of four of the six Venezuelan races show that the attenuated and notched outer pri- maries do have not only a sexual significance but a subspecific one also, at least in Venezuela. intensa (38 skins).Of the 18 sexed males, only 2 have the attenu- ated primaries. One of these is from Paruima Mission, Kamarang River, British Guiana, and the other from Carabobo, Cuyuni River, near the British Guiana frontier. Inasmuch as the British Guiana subspecies, P. o. wallacei Chubb, has attenuated primaries, perhaps our two speci- mens are intermediates with that subspecies. chloronota (58 skins). None shows attenuated primaries, nor do any of the 98 skins in the American Museum of Natural History. parca (50 skins). None shows attenuated primaries. pallidiventris (53 skins). All of the 19 specimens sexed as males have 1 Studies in the Tyrannidae. I. A revision of the Genus Pipromorpha. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 175, Dec. 21, 1921. Phelps and Phelps—Venezuelan Birds and Ranges 57 attenuated primaries and none of them sexed as females has them. dorsalis (unique type). Not sexed. abdominalis (4 skins). The two males have attenuated primaries, the sexed female has the outer primaries in moult and the unsexed one has them intermediate. From the above we can deduce that the attenuated primaries in the Venezuelan races are a sexual character and that it can be used in the diagnosis of subspecies inasmuch as it is lacking entirely in chloronota and parca and almost so in intensa, while it is always present in pallidi- ventris and in abdominalis. Specimens Hxamined P. o. oleaginea.—BRAZIL: 112. P. o. chloronota.—BOLIVIA: 312. BRAZIL: Rio Castanho, 1 6; 4212. COLOMBIA: 1312. VENEZUELA: 4413; 4014; Las Bonitas, Mpunewscedy G2): Bursua., Nachira, | o, 2) S tas arin, ppeeenaen, ib Ala IP ia. ‘ & Zh id en. Pl AN CINARA nitidula H. Hottes—Cinara Descriptions. (Aphidae) 73 Within this there was much honey dew, a few live aphids and some dead aphids preserved in the liquid. Cinara cognita Hottes and Essig Alate viviparous female. Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 2.44-3.29 mm. Color in life not known. Length of antennal segments as follows: III .40 mm., IV .17 mm., V .20 mm., VI .12 + .04 mm. Secondary sensoria distributed as follows: III 2-3, primary sensorium present. IV 0-1, primary sensorium present. V 1, primary sensorium present. Longest hair on third antennal segment about as long as width of segment, fine, sparse, upstanding. Long hair on sixth antennal segment confined to region basal to marginal sensoria. Last three segments of the rostrum with the following lengths: .185, .16, .07 mm. Last three segments of the rostrum extending beyond the metathoracic coxae. Media twice branched, second branch closer to the first than to the margin of the wing. All veins lightly bordered with dusky. Hair on lateral lobes of thorax confined largely to the median region of the lobes, absent on more lateral portions. Median posterior lobe of thorax with very few hairs, these confined to central region. Hind femora 1.07 mm. in length. Hind tibiae 1.86 mm. long. Hind tarsal segments not in condition to measure. Outer margin of cornicle base very irregular, about .25-.31 mm. across. Hairs on cornicles confined largely to constricted area, opening of cornicles acentrie within base, which may have one or two clear areas. Pigmented spots anterior to cauda widely separated, provided with a row of long hairs on the posetrior margin. Hair on dorsum of abdomen exceedingly sparse, confined roughly to transverse rows which are far apart, the individual hairs being spaced from one another by a dis- tance about equal to their length. Hair on ventral surface of abdomen normal. Hair on cauda confined to posterior margin, remainder of cauda faintly setulose. Genital plate with three to four hairs. Morphotype alate viviparous female, collected on Juniperus communis Tundo State Park, Washington. June 23, 1954. The material was sent in by Prof. Carl Johansan, of Pullman, Washington. Cinara lasiocarpae (Gillette and Palmer) Alate male. Length from vertex to end of anal plate 2.71 mm. Head dusky black. Thorax dusky brown. Abdomen dusky green with no spots. Cornicles black. Antennae dusky. Femora yellowish at base remainder of femora dusky. Tibiae dusky, with region near base more or less yellowish. Head and thorax.—Length of antennal segments as follows: III .53 mm., IV .29 mm., V .27 mm., VI .17 + .028 mm. Sensoria distributed as follows: III 48-51, primary sensorium present, like secondary. IV 17, primary sensorium present. V 15, primary present. VI 1. All sec- ondary sensoria small, irregularly arranged and very tuberculate. Hair on antennae about .1 mm. in length, fine, set at an angle of about 45 degrees on third segment, and slightly more on fourth and fifth seg- ments. Rostrum with segments three, four, and five extending beyond metathoracic coxae. Length of last three segments of the rostrum as follows: .24, .185, .085 mm. Media with two forks, second fork closer to 74 + Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington ww SY EN HSN EQN Gnara pilicornis (Hf). ca | C1 Hottes—Cinara Descriptions. (Aplhidae) margin of wing than to first fork. Radial sector and anal vein bordered. Hind tibiae 2.06 mm. in length. Hair on outer margins of hind tibiae -185 mm. in length. Hair on inner margin of hind tibiae much shorter, and less upstanding. First segment of hind tarsis .1 mm. in length, length of second segment of hind tarsis .347 mm. Ventral surface of first tarsal segment with about 15 hairs. Abdomen.—Cornicle with base measuring about .24 mm. Harpagons blunt free. Dorsal and ventral surfaces of abdomen with numerous hairs. Allotype alate male. Reared on branch of Abies lasiocarpa Sept. 18, 1954. Deposited in the Collection of the United States National Mu- seum. The specimen described herewith was one of two immature males taken with oviparous females south of Glade Park, Colorado, Sept. 12, 1954. Apparently my rearing methods did not quite satisfy the other male specimen, he wandered off, just as he should have become an adult. Had I not taken the male described here as an immature specimen, as- sociated with females, I would hardly associate him with C. lasiocarpae. This is the last form of this species to be described. Cinara hottesi (Gillette and Palmer) Apterous male. Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 1.93-2.35 mm. Head, thorax and abdomen bluish-black without pulverulence. First and second antennal segments blackish, remaining antennal segments dusky yellow with apical portions dusky. Femora yellowish except for extreme apex which is brownish. Tibiae yellowish becoming light dusky near middle, the dusky growing darker towards the apex. Tarsi dusky. Cornicles black. Dorsum of abdomen with four rows of small wax pore plates. Head and thorax.—Median suture of head very narrow, not much if any darker than head. Length of antennal segments as follows: III 33-3) mm., IV .16-.185 mm., V .21-.23 mm., .10-.13 + .42-.057 mm. Secondary sensoria conspicuously few for a male Aphid. Third antennal segment with neither secondary or primary sensoria. Fourth antennal segment with from zero to four secondary sensoria, as a rule none or one. Primary sensorium present on fourth. Fifth antennal segment with from one to three secondary sensoria, as a rule only one, primary sensorium present- Hair on antennal segments, sparse, upstanding about .085 mm. in length. Rostrum longer than the body, the third, fourth and fifth segments extending beyond the abdomen. Last three segments of the rostrum with the following lengths: .26, .18, .085 mm. Hind tibiae varying from 1.43-1.50 mm. in length. Hind tarsal seg- ments with the following lengths: .071-.085 mm., .228-.26 mm. Hair on outer margin of hind tibiae much longer than that on inner margin, also more spine-like, about .1 mm. in length and rather upstanding, forming an angle of about sixty degrees, or more. First tarsal segment with about nine hairs on apical ventral half of segment. Abdomen.—Cornicles about .286 mm. across. Harpagons black, united for almost all of their length. Oviparous female. Length varying from 2.71-2.84 mm. Color as in apterous viviparous female. Entire body free from all traces of pulverulence. Length of 76 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington antennal segments as follows: III .43 -.46 mm., IV .185-.228 mm., V -21-.24 mm., VI .11-.14 + .057 mm. Secondary sensoria distributed as follows: III with neither primary or secondary sensoria, IV as a rule with neither primary or secondary sensoria, but primary sensorium may be pesent. V with primary sensorium, as a rule without secondary sen- soria, but one may be present. Rostrum as long as or longer than body. Thorax and abdomen.—Legs less yellow than in viviparous females, more like those of male. Hind tibiae varying from 1.73-1.93 mm. Hind tibiae most unusual, as a rule without sensoria rarely with one, never with more than three. Allotype apterous male, taken Oct. 5, 1954 on Picea engelmannii, Glade Park, Colorado. Morphotype Oviparous female, taken Sept. 21, 1954 on Picea engelmannii, Glade Park, Colorado. Both types deposited in the collection of the United States National Museum. This must be a rare species. I collected the original material in 1923, this is the second time I have taken it, after years of searching. No one that has seen living specimens of this species will ever take it for anything else. Picea engelmannii is fairly common on the Fruita Re- serve and southward on the Pinon Mesa, south of Glade Park, Colorado. Strangely enough, I found it on only one limb of a tree, despite the fact that I looked for it on hundreds of trees. On this limb, which was about three feet from the ground, and about two inches in diameter, the specimens were very abundant throughout the season. The colony encrusted on the bark of the limb almost solidly for as long as I could reach. The males in nature greatly resemble immature females, and are therefore very difficult to differentiate from them. I solved this problem by taking large numbers of females, and sorting the males from them under a microscope, even then I took only four males, in three trips after them. The oviparous females were very abundant, and developed through a long period of time starting in mid-September. Cinara pilicornis (Hartig) Prof. Palmer has kindly sent me for study several metatype slides of C. piceicola (Cholodkovsky). The material sent by Cholodkovsky was apparently sent in alcohol, and was mounted by L. C. Bragg. It is as I had suspected similar to C. pilicornis (H). The drawing of the sixth antennal segment of the apterous viviparous female is not correct as to hairs, in ‘‘ Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region.’’ Prof. Palmer has further indicated to me that this drawing was not made from meta- type material, as indicated on page 39 of her book. Dr. Pasek of Czecho- slovakia, whose work in this group gave great promise, died last sum- mer. He considered a much different species from pilicornis as piceicola. I suspect that the peceicola of PaSek is new, it differs greatly from pilicornis (H) and I would not expect Cholodkovsky to confuse the two, even if the material was not mounted. For the time being, we on this side of the Iron Curtain have no way of knowing just what species Cholodkovsky had, nor can we find out if his type material exists. His original description is inadequate, and hardly sufficient to distinguish piceicola from hyalinus Koch = pilicornis. It should also be noted that Cholodkovsky distinguished hyalinus from pinicola Kaltenbach, both spe- cies of which are synonyms of pilicornis. It is however significant that Hottes—Cinara Descriptions. (Aphidae) 77 Cholodkovsky mentions the male of piceicola as apterous, the male of pilicornis is said to be alate. He also mentions the fact that the sexual forms appear at the end of June or early July, but these continue to be found till mid-September, when the sexuals of pilicornis appear. As has been indicated elsewhere C. fornacula Hottes is a closely allied form. Cinara obscura Bradley. Cinara enigma H&K New Synonymy. Dr. Bradley did not describe the sixth antennal segment of C. ob- scura, which is the most distinctive feature of this species, the unguis being very short and thick. His figure of this segment is not correct, the unguis being shown too long and slender. Since ealling this to the attention of Dr. Bradley, he has provided me with a drawing which leaves no doubt that enigma is a synonym of obscura which has priority by a few months. 78 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Vol. 68, pp. 79-82 ———— August 3, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW POCKET GOPHER FROM SOUTH-CENTRAL WtaNis! By STerpHEN D. DURRANT Durrant (Mammals of Utah, Taxonomy and Distribution, Univ. Kansas Publs. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1952) referred pocket gophers from extreme south-central Utah to Thomomys bottae absonus. At that time, he had but five specimens from that area of the state. Intensive collecting of mammals has been carried out during the past two summers, and specimens of Thomomys bottae were obtained from Garfield County, Utah, from a locality from which no specimens have been taken previously. Critical study indicates that these pocket gophers from Garfield County, Utah, belong to an heretofore unnamed kind. The writer is indebted to Doctor John Aldrich, and Miss Viola S. Schantz, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U. S. National Museum, Wash- ington, D. C., for the loan of comparative materials. Capitalized color terms are after Ridgway (Color Standards and Color Nomenclature, Washington, 1912). This research was carried out in part under a grant from the Na- tional Science Foundation. Thomomys bottae powelli new subspecies Type.—Adult female, skin and skull, number 7955, Museum of Zoology, University of Utah, Hall Ranch, Salt Gulch, 8 miles west of Boulder, 6,000 feet, Garfield County, Utah, collected by Stephen D. Durrant, August 7, 1951, original number 2578. RKange.——Known only from the type locality and immediate environs. Diagnosis.—Size large (see measurements). Color: Upper parts and sides uniformly clear Cinnamon-Buff; top of nose with admixture of dark brown hairs; postauricular spots small and dark brown, under- parts Pinkish Buff; chin, throat, perineal region, front feet, hind feet and distal ends of forearms and shanks, white. Skull: Large, robust; zygomatic arches heavy and widely spreading; widest posteriorly; na- sals wide posteriorly, truncate and relatively short as compared with basilar length; extension of premaxillae posterior to nasals long; in- terpterygoid fossa short and widely V-shaped; pterygoid hamulae ro- bust; upper incisors long and wide. Measurements.—The measurements of two adult male tototypes, num- bers 8981 and 9718, and the average and extreme measurements of 4 adult female topotypes (including the type) are, respectively, as fol- lows: Total length, 233, 247, 226 (232-222); length of tail, 70, 70, 70 12—Proo. Biou. Soc. WASH., Von 68, 1955 (79) 80 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington (76-65) ; length of hind foot, 32, 35, 32 (33-31); length of ear, 6, 6, 5.25 (6-5); basilar length, 35.6, 38.2, 34.4 (34.8-34.0) ; length of nasals, 12.2, 14.1, 12.85 (13.0-12.7) ; zygomatic breadth, 24.5, 26.1, 23.85 (24.7- 23.5); mastoid breadth, 20.4, 21.5, 20.2 (20.8-19.7) ; interorbital breadth, 6.7, 6.5, 6.7 (6.8-6.5); alveolar length of upper molariform teeth, 8.0, 8.1, 7.9 (8.1-7.5); extension of premaxillae posterior to nasals, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4 (4.0-3.0); length of rostrum, 16.1, 17.3, 16.1 (16.5-15.6); breadth of rostrum, 8.0, 8.8, 7.9 (8.2-7.7). Comparisons.—Topotypes of T. b. powelli differ from topotypes and near topotypes of T. b. absonus as follows: Color: Lighter throughout. Skull: Interparietal smaller and more triangular in shape; nasals markedly wider posteriorly, and more expanded anteriorly; extension of premaxillae posterior to nasals greater; interpterygoid fossa shorter and more widely V-shaped; cavities at posterior end of palate shallower; pterygoid hamulae heavier; palate wider; upper incisors markedly longer and wider. Compared with topotypes and near topotypes of T. b. osgoodi, topo- types of T. b. powelli differ in: Size: Larger in nearly all measure- ments. Color: Darker throughout. Skull: Interparietal smaller; nasals shorter and wider posteriorly; posterior ends of nasals truncate as opposed to V-shaped; extension of premaxillae posterior to nasals greater; nasals flatter and more expanded distally; interpterygoid fossa shorter and more sharply V-shaped; cavities at posterior end of palate shallower; upper incisors longer and wider. Topotypes of JT. b. powelli differ from those of 7. b. dissimilis in larger size, lighter color, larger, more massive skull, wider posterior ends of nasals, greater extension of premaxillae posterior to nasals and longer and wider upper incisors. Among named subspecies, topotypes of 7. b. powelli resemble those of T. b. planirostris the closest, but differ from them as follows: Color: Lighter throughout. Skull: Rostrum narrower; frontal processes of premaxillae narrower; nasals shorter, and wider posteriorly; posterior ends of nasals square as opposed to V-shaped; interparietal smaller and triangular as opposed to subquadrangular; pterygoid hamulae broader; cavities at posterior ends of palate smaller and shallow as opposed to deep. Compared with topotypes of TZ. b. trumbullensis, topotypes of T. b. powelli differ in: Size: Larger in nearly all measurements. Color: Markedly lighter throughout. Skull: Larger, rostrum narrower; posterior ends of nasals wider; maxillary tongues of approximately the same length, but narrower; pterygoid hamulae shorter; interpterygoid space more widely V-shaped; cavities at posterior end of palate markedly shallower; tympanic bullae larger. Remarks.—The range of T. b. powelli is quite isolated from that of other subspecies of T. bottae. Animals of this particular subspecies appear to be intruders who have taken over a range along a stream in the southern flank of the Aquarius Plateau. This range is surrounded on three sides by pocket gophers belonging to another species, Tho- momys talpoides. Reference to the literature will inform the reader that in south- eentral and southwestern Utah, there are several subspecies of pocket Durrant—New Pocket Gopher from S. Central Utah 81 ‘gophers of the species Thomomys bottae. South of the range of TZ. b. powelli, in Arizona, 7. b. absonus occurs; to the southwest in Arizona, fT. b. trumbullensis occurs; to the west in Utah, 7. b. planirostris oceurs; to the northeast in the Henry Mountains, T. b. dissimilis occurs; and to the north, in the drainage of the Dirty Devil River, 7. b. osgoodi occurs. All of these subspecies form a complex and show considerable relation- ship. All of them have relatively small isolated or nearly isolated ranges. Unquestionably, there is some small exchange of genes between animals of these subspecies. Here, then, is demonstrated the amount of genetic fixation that has taken place in these small populations, under semi-isolation. Also, something of the tempo as well as the mode of fixation is indicated, because none of these heretofore mentioned sub- ‘species are considered to be older than extremely late Pleistocene. These small, microgeographic populations are referred to as subspecies because they are distinct from other populations, have attained a posi- tion of comparative genetic stability, and merit some meaningful method of distinction from the general pattern of variation of the species. Moreover, designating them as subspecies, is the more precise, scientific manner to document their degree of advance. Specimens examined.—15, from the type locality. Contribution from the Museum of Zoology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. 82 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington ore 6 U Vol. 68, pp. 83-86 August 3, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TWO NEW RICE RATS (GENUS ORYZOMYS) FROM | FLORIDA By W. J. Haminton, Jr., Cornell Unwersity Among a series of small mammals collected in Lee County, Florida during the late winter and early spring of 1954, 26 Oryzomys were taken on Pine and Sanibel Island. The speci- mens from both of these islands are markedly distinct, both in color, in size and skull characters, from Oryzomys palustris natator and Oryzomys palustris coloratus and may be con- sidered subspecifically distinct. Oryzomys palustris planirostris, new subspecies Type.—Adult female, skin and skull, number 8090, Cornell University Mammal Collection, collected one mile west of third bridge that spans Matachla Pass, Pine Island, Lee County, Florida, by W. J. Hamilton, Jr., March 11, 1954; original number 4344. The type has the following measurements: Total length, 240; tail vertebrae, 122; hind foot, 32; weight 50.5 grams. Skull: condylobasal length, 30.0; zygomatic breadth, 15.5; cranial breadth, 13.7; nasals, 12.0; interorbital breadth, 5.8; anterior palatine foramen, 6.7; palatal bridge, 6.0; upper molar series, 4.7, Kange.—Known only from Pine Island and an area two miles north of Fort Myers, Florida. Diagnosis.—Size small (Table 1). Winter pelage, upperparts brownish gray, top of head and mid-dorsum darker with slightly buffy suffusion on sides and flanks, the buff color scarcely marked in some individuals; underparts dull white; feet white, tail dark gray above, whitish below. Color similar to Georgia and Virginia specimens of O. p. palustris, but with a browner caste. Skull small and weak, the supraorbital and tem- poral ridges much less pronounced than in natator or coloratus; ros- trum relatively short and broad; anterior dorsal profile of skull straight, the nasals and frontals aligned, contrasting to the convex profile of natator and coloratus. Comparisons.—Oryzomys palustris planirostris most nearly approxi- mates in color and size Oryzomys p. palustris. It differs from both natator and coloratus in smaller size, lack of tawny coloration and the smaller and weaker skull characters. Remarks.—Twelve specimens were collected in a garbage dump and adjoining wet land (about five feet above tide level, at the type locality). In company with Sigmodon hispidus imsullicola, these animals were utilizing the cover formed by tin cans, cardboard cartons and other detritus. Traps placed in well marked runways took both species, as did those set in dense stands of Spartina patens well removed from the 13—Proc. Bron. Soc. WAsH., Von. 68, 1955 (83) amor Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 84 Average and extreme measurements O. p. planirostris 14 skins and 12 skulls O. p. sanibeli 11 skins and skulls O. p. natator 10 skins and skulls O. p. coloratus 11 skins and skulls TABLE 1 in millimeters of rice rats, Oryzomys palustris, from Florida a a] bp e os B r= ro ms L# & F 4 5 ce q £ a 3 “ s 3 Sa oe: vegan %o 4 2 & © = £ a a 4 5 £ o22 2 - = > — este 5 a F 5 «|O a. e eet ae 3 5 E s é we a eB eH A aa io) N ©) A = <{ Ay =) 247.5 119.6 31.0 29.3 15.8 13.4 11.2 a) 6.4 5.8 4.8 266.0 128.0 33.0 30.8 16.5 14.4 12. 5.9 7.0 6.0 4.9 226.0 108.0 29.0 27.4 15.1 12.7 10.0 5.1 5.8 5.3 4.5 257.5 123.6 31.0 31.4 16.1 13.4 11.7 5.4 7.0 5.9 4.9 274.0 138.0 33.0 32.5 17.4 13.8 13.0 5.8 7.4 6.3 5.0 233.0) TLIO .) 2850 29.4 15.2 13.0 10.6 o.1 6.8 5.9 4.0 281.2 140.6 39.1 32.9 17.2 13.6 12.8 5.8 7.2 6.1 5.1 318.0 173.0 37.0 34.8 18.8 14.0 14.0 6.2 7.8 6.6 5.3 246.0 122.0 28.0 30.0 16.0 13.2 11.3 5.0 6.6 5.9 5.0 283.0 143.5 33.4 32.7 17.1 13.8 12.4 5.7 7.2 6.2 5.2 326.0 171.0 38.0 34.8 19.0 14.5 14.0 6.3 8.0 7.0 7.0 250.0 123.0 31.0 30,6 15,3 13.0 11,2 5,4 6,3 5.8 4.6 Hamilton—Two New Rice Rats from Florida 85 dump. The rice rats were feeding on the stems of Spartina, a dropseed grass, Sporobolus virginicus and the succulent stems of Seswviwm portulacastram. This series was taken on March 2, 3 and 11, 1954. None of the females were gravid or nursing, although one individual had enlarged and turgid uterine horns. The males had enlarged and descended testes, these measuring 9 x 5 to 13 x 7 mm. respectively. All the Pine Island specimens were taken at the type locality. Trapping in the environs of Bokeelia and St. James City produced cotton rats but no rice rats. A large male taken on March 20, 1954, two miles north of Fort Myers in a drainage ditch does not differ from those collected on Pine Island. Florida Specimens Examined.—Oryzomys palustris planirostris: Pine Island, 13; two miles north of Fort Myers, 1. Oryzomys palustris na- tator: Lake Harney, 5; Chassahowitska River, 1; Ocala National Forest, 1; Crescent Lake, 1; Geneva, 1; Lake Kissimmee, 1. Oryzomys palustris coloratus: Cape Sable (topotypes) 9; Eden, 1; 15 miles northwest of Miami, 1. Oryzomys palustris sanibeli, new subspecies Type—Adult male, skin and skull, number 8192, Cornell University Mammal Collection, collected in freshwater marsh, four miles west of lighthouse on Sanibel Island, Lee County, Florida, by W. J. Hamilton, Jr., April 1, 1954; original number 4446. The type has the following measurements: total length, 263; tail, 125; hind foot, 33; weight, 71 grams. Skull: condylobasal length, 31.9; zygomatic breadth, 16.7; cranial breadth, 13.8; nasals, 11.8; interorbital breadth, 5.4; anterior palatine foramen, 6.8; palatal bridge, 5.9; upper molar series, 4.9. Range.—Known only from Sanibel Island. Diagnosis.—Size small (Table 1). Winter pelage, upperparts between amber brown and argus brown of Ridgway, the brownish color most pronounced on mid-dorsum. Dorsum of summer pelage similar to Ory- zomys palustris planirostris, but with less gray. Underparts similar to planirostris. Skull like planirostris but larger, the nasals relatively longer; palatal foramen borders longer and less flaring than in planirostris. This insular race differs from planirostris primarily im the bright brown winter pelage. Comparisons —The Sanibel Island specimens are similar in winter pelage to Oryzomys palustris natator and Oryzomys palustris coloratus, chief difference being in the brighter dorsal pelage and the markedly smaller size, both in body measurements and skull. From winter speci- mens of planirostris, sanibeli may be at once recognized by the brown pelage, which contrasts with the general gray tone of the former. Remarks.——The rice rats on Sanibel Island appear to be concentrated in the fresh water swamps provided by artesian wells; single specimens were taken in a swale behind the only school house on the island and in a cattail stand adjoining the south beach road. In the swamp area where specimens were collected, the dominant vegetation consists of cattails. All specimens were trapped near the water’s edge; on the drier ground the cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus insullicola was abundant. In this area, the two animals do not appear to cross the local ranges of each other. A noticeable stickiness was noted on the plantar surface 86 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington of the hind foot in all Oryzomys collected on Sanibel Island, in contrast to fresh specimens I have handled elsewhere. Goldman (N. A. Fauna 43, 1918) states that the new coat of Oryzomys seems to replace the old almost imperceptibly, but that adults in apparently fresh and in obviously worn pelages may often be seen together. The rice rats from Sanibel are in several stages of molt, the line of demarcation and the pronounced color difference in winter and summer pelage being well marked. Molt commences on the head and proceeds caudad. This pelage change demonstrates the marked seasonal color variation and the lack of such in other races of palustris from southeastern United States. A collection of 300 barn owl pellets from a former boat loading shed in Tarpon Bay, Sanibel Island, produced many Sigmodon skulls and bones, but not a single Oryzomys. This may indicate the restricted or spotty distribution of rice rats on Sanibel. Specimens Examined.—Same as for planirostris. For the loan of specimens, acknowledgment is made to Viola S. Sechantz of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Paratypes of planirostris and sanibeli have been deposited in the U. S. National Museum. eos OG / SQ Vol. 68, pp. 87-94 August 3, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW RECORDS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF CALIFORNIAN DIPLOPODA By Neuu B. Causey, Fayetteville, Arkansas I am indebted to Mr. Joe H. Gorman for most of the milli- peds reported on in this paper. With but two exceptions, which are indicated, they were among the invertebrate associ- ates that he collected during his study of the ecology of the salamander genus Hydromantes. Most are from the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California. Holotypes will be deposited in the permanent collection of the American Museum of Natural History. The remaining specimens are in the collec- tion of the author. Superorder Colobognatha Order Polyzoniida Family Polyzoniidae Bdellozoniwm sequoiwm Chamberlin Bdellozonium sequoium Chamberlin, 1941, Bull. Univ. Utah, biol. ser., vol. 6, no. 3, p. 5 (female, Hammond, Tulare Co., Calif.). Records: Mariposa Co.: Yosemite National Park, Vernal Falls, May 30, 1953, one female, 48 segments. Hidden Meadow, April 17, 1954, several specimens, the largest a male of 52 segments, width 3.3 mm. Order Platydesmida Family Andrognathidae Brachycybe producta Loomis Brachycybe producta Loomis, 1936, Proce. U. S. Natl. Mus., vol. 83, no. 2989, pp. 367-368, fig. 32, h, i (male, ? central mountainous portion of lower California). Record: Mariposa Co.: Yosemite National Park, Vernal Falls, May 30, 1953, one female, 76 segments. Eucybe clarus Chamberlin Hucybe clarus Chamberlin, 1941, Bull. Univ. Utah, biol. ser., vol. 6, no. 4, p. 3 (female, Hastings Reservation, Monterey Co., California). Record: Tulare Co.: Silliman Gap Trail, Redwood Canyon, Sequoia National Park, May 16, 1953, fragment of one male. Superorder Eugnatha Order Spirobolida Family Spirobolidae Californibolus uwncigerus (Wood) Spirobolus uncigerus Wood, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 14—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (87) AUGS 1955 88 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington vol. 15, p. 15 (male, California) ; 1865, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soe., vol. 13, p. 209, fis. 36. Tylobolus uncigerus, Cook, 1904, Harriman Alaska Exped., vol. 8, no. He Toa Oe Californibolus uncigerus, Chamberlin, 1949, Jour. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 39, no. 5, p. 166. Records: Shasta Co.: Low Pass Creek, April 1, 1953, two males; March 25, 1951, one female, width 8.7 mm., 49 segments. Round Moun- tain, April 1, 1953, one male, width 7 mm., 52 segments. The color is variable. Usually the midbelts are bright red-brown, but they may be gray; the hindbelts vary from bright brown to very dark brown. The distribution of prickles on the cephalic surface of the last article of the posterior gonopods is as in C. rectus Chamberlin, 1949. Other details of the gonopods correspond to Wood’s figure. Califormbolus pontis Chamberlin Californibolus pontis Chamberlin, 1949, ibid., vol. 39, no. 5, p. 166, figs. 18, 19 (male, Bridgeville, Humbolt Co., California). Record: Shasta Co.: Low Pass Creek, April 14, 1952, one male, width 4.7 mm., 52 segments. Auxobolus ergus Chamberlin Auxobolus ergus Chamberlin, 1949, ibid., vol. 39, no. 5, p. 163, figs. 5-7 (male, Tollhouse, Fresno Co., California). Record: Mariposa Co.: Trail between Vernal Falls and Happy Isles, Yosemite National Park, Feb. 27, 1954, one male, width 7 mm., 56 seg- ments. Several females and larvae collected at Briceburg, Mariposa Co., No- vember 13, 1952, January 3, 1953, and February 26, 1954, have been tentatively assigned to this species. Order Julida Family Paraiulidae Spathiulus elegantulus Causey Spathiulus elegantulus Causey, 1950, Proc. Ark. Acad. Sei., vol. 8, pp. 47-48, figs. 18-21 (male, Happy Isles, Yosemite National Park, Cali- fornia). Record: Mariposa Co.: Trail between Vernal Falls and Happy Isles, Yosemite National Park, Feb. 27, 1954, one male, 53 segments, 3 legless, light brown. ? Bollmaniulus Records: Mariposa Co.: Trail between Vernal Falls and Happy Isles, Yosemite National Park, Feb. 27, 1954, one larva. Shasta Co.: Madison Creek, Sept. 2, 1951, one female, width 4.3 mm., several larvae. Family Paeromopidae Paeromopus cavicolens Chamberlin Figure 1 Paeromopus cavicolens Chamberlin, 1953, Proc. Biol. Soe. Washington, vol. 66, pp. 68-69, figs. 3, 4 (male, Windeler Cavern, Tuolumne Co., California). Causey—New Records, Descriptions of Calif. Diplopoda 89 Records: Mariposa Co.: Vernal Falls, Yosemite National Park, May 30, 1958, one female, width 5.8 mm., 71 segments. Briceburg, Feb. 26, 1954, one female, width 5.8 mm.; several larvae. Shasta Co.: Low Pass Creek, Jan. 29, 1953, one female, width 6.4 mm.; March 25, 1952, one female, width 7.4 mm., 72 segments; April 1953, one female, width 7.4 mm., 73 segments. Bass Creek, April 1953, one female, width 7.6 mm., 69 segments. The details of the anterior gonopods of this species are shown in figure 1. The apex of the posterior gonopods is expanded into a small, thin-walled corolla. In specimens from Shasta County there is an orange band on the metazonites that extends as far ventrad as the pores, but in specimens from Mariposa County the dorsal orange bands are almost or completely replaced by the general body color. No signifi- cant differences between the gonopods of the specimens from these two counties were observed. Atopolus chamberlini (Brélemann) Figure 2 Paeromopus chamberlini Brolemann, 1922, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 289, 298-299, figs. 6-9, 53-57 (male, Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou Co., California). Atopolus chamberlini, Chamberlin, 1949, Nat. Hist. Mise., no. 52, p. 4. Records: Shasta Co.: Low Pass Creek, Jan. 24, 1953, one male, width 4.7 mm.; one female ,width 5 mm. Round Mt., April 1953, several larvae. Mr. Gorman described this species in his field notes as ‘‘ brown, with a broad, cream, dorsal, longitudinal band.’’ The female has the band the entire length of the body, but in the male it extends only half the length of the body. The minute details of the gonopods differ a little from Broélemann’s figures, possibly because he was more interested in the fundamental relationships of this species than in its specific charac- ters. The right anterior gonopod is shown in figure 2. Klansolus vicinus (Chamberlin) Californiulus vicinus Chamberlin, 1943, Bull. Univ. Utah, biol. ser., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 12-13, figs. 40-42 (male, Dickson Flats, Shasta Co., California). Klansolus vicinus Chamberlin, 1949, Nat. Hist. Mise., no. 52, p. 5. Record: Shasta Co.: Lassen Voleanic National Park, Summit Lake, June 26, 1951, one male, 73 segments, width 4.4 mm. (L. R. and H. W. Levi). Klansolus yosemitensis (Chamberlin) Californiulus yosemitensis Chamberlin, 1941, Bull. Univ. Utah, biol. ser., vol. 6, no. 4, p. 17, pl. 3, figs. 24-26 (male, Aspen Valley, Yosemite National Park, California). Klansolus yosemitensis Chamberlin, 1949, Nat. Hist. Mise., no 52, p. 5. Records: Mariposa Co.: Yosemite National Park, Vernal Falls, May 30, 1953, two males, one female; Mariposa Grove, May 14, 1879, one female, 70 segments, 6 mm. (Illinois Natural History Survey). Tulare Co.: Sequoia National Park, Redwood Canyon, Silliman Gap Trail, May 16, 1953, one female, 68 segments, width 5 mm. 90 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Order Chordeumida Family Caseyidae Caseya sequoia Chamberlin Caseya sequoia Chamberlin, 1941, Bull. Univ. Utah, biol. ser., vol. 6, no. 5, p. 10, pl. 2, figs. 17-18 (female, Sequoia National Park, Tulare Co., California). Records: Mariposa Co.: Briceburg, February 26, 1954, one female. Tuolumne Co.: Sonora Pass, November 15, 1952, one immature male. Family Conotylidae ? Conotyla Record: Mariposa Co.: Trail between Vernal Falls and Happy Isles, Yosemite National Park, Feb. 27, 1954, one female, length 11 mm. Order Polydesmida Family Xystodesmidae All of the xystodesmids in this collection have the second article of the legs spined and the first article and the adjacent sternum un- spined. The following key is based on somatic characters, mostly generic, of specimens of either sex, and it must be supplemented with figures of the male gonopods: 1(2). Anterior margin of collum elevated near each antenna. Keels of second segment extend farther laterad and ventrad than do those of either the collum or the third segment___Amplocheir reducta 2(1). Anterior margin of collum not elevated at any point. Keels of second segment not conspicuously wider or lower than those of theiicollumvorsof theythird sesment === eee “43 3(8). Keels of second, third, and sometimes the fourth, segments di- rected slightly cephalad; anterior angle of these keels square and often bearing a single small tooth 4 4(5). Keels of middle body segments quadrangular__Harpaphe pottera 5(4). Keels of middle body segments triangular _.... 2) 6(7). Anterior margin of collum forms an uninterrupted convex curve i Ae hon Ee es ee eee Hybaphe tersa 7(6). Anterior margin of collum convexly curved, but interrupted near each antenna by a very shallow depression ___________?Paimokia 8(3).Keels of second, third, and fourth segments directed laterad; anterior angles of these keels rounded, never bearing an obscure oot 2.2 ate toh ee ee eee 9 9(10). Metazonites of last few segments with several irregular rows of fib ere] es yaa cose Oe ee ee es Xystocheir cooki 10(9). Metazonites of last few segments with faint traces of a single row of tubercles on the margin Delocheir conservata Harpaphe pottera Chamberlin Harpaphe pottera Chamberlin, 1949, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 63, p. 129, fig. 10 (male, Potter Creek, Mendocino Co., California). Records: Shasta Co.: Brock Mt., April 16, 1952, one male, one female. Low Pass Creek, March 25, 1951, one female; January 21, 1952, one male. Madison Creek, September 2, 1951, two males, widths 6.6 and 6 mm. Causey—New Records, Descriptions of Calif. Diplopoda 91 Hybaphe tersa Cook Hybaphe tersa Cook, 1904, Harriman Alaska Exped., vol. 8, no. 1, p. 58 (male, Almata, Whitman Co., Washington). Records: Shasta Co.: Low Pass Creek, January 29, 1953, one male, one female; April 1953, one male. Madison Creek, Sept. 2, 1953, two males. In the only specimens in which the color appears to be fully devel- oped, the metazonites are red-orange and the prozonites are green to brown. The shape of the prefemoral branch of the gonopods is some- what variable as to width and the apex is either acute or rounded. Xystocheir cooki, new species Figure 3 Diagnosis: All four prongs of the male gonopod are attenuated as in Aystocheir tularea Chamberlin 1949, but they are relatively wider and shorter than described for that species. Type locality: Tulare Co., Sequoia National Park, Redwood Canyon, Silliman Gap Trail, May 16, 1953, two males, one female. Male holotype: Width 5.5 mm. Color faded in preservative. Dorsum shining. Beginning sparsely on the second segment and becoming very numerous proceeding caudad, there are small but well defined tubercles on the metazonites, but not on the keels. On segment 16 there are four or five very indefinite rows, with tbout 20 in each row, while on seg- ments 18 and 19 they are more numerous, but not contiguous. Keels of segments two through four directed laterad; their anterior angle is rounded and the posterior angle is right to a little obtuse. Beginning with the keels of the fifth segment and increasing toward the hind end of the body, the anterior angle is broadly rounded, the posterior angle is produced a little caudad, and the posterior margin is minutely den- tate; the lateral margin is either straight or slightly convex. Keels of segment 19 less than half the length and width of keels of segment 18. Dorsum arched. Pores on margin of keels, opening above, and marked by no conspicuous swelling. Anal tergite narrowly produced, the apex truneate. Coxa of the third legs with a sparsely setose, anteriorly di- rected, finger-like lobe arising from the medial surface; these lobes are about the same thickness and twice the length of the seminal lobes of the second legs. Last two articles and ventral surface of coxae of all legs densely setose; other surfaces of legs sparsely setose. Second arti- cle of all legs behind the gonopods spined, the spines long, sharp, and curved on the posterior legs. Coxae and sternum unspined. Telopodite of gonopods subparallel, not contiguous, all four prongs attenuated, but only the prong carrying the seminal canal is twisted (fig. 3). Shaft of telopodite thickly setose on the dorsal surface; the end of some of the setae reach as high as the base of the lowest prong. Female paratype: Width 6 mm., length 31 mm. Dorsum a little higher and keels a little narrower than in the male, but the shape of the keels - and the distribution of tubercles are as in the male. Coxa of second legs with a stiff, finger-like, ventrally directed process arising from the medio-distal margin. Second article of legs behind the tenth spined as in the male. Below the spine the legs are glabrous; beyond the spine they are sparsely setose, except the tarsus, which is thickly setose. It is a pleasure to name this species for the late Dr. O. F. Cook. 92 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington ? Paimokia Record: Mariposa Co.: Briceburg, 0.6 to 0.7 mile northeast, Nov. 15, 1952, one male of 19 segments. Amplocheir reducta, new species Figure 4 Diagnosis: Distinguished from Amplocheir sequoia (Chamberlin, 1941) by the proximal joint of the male gonopod, which bears, instead of three slender spines, one blunt setose process and a longer, flattened, acute process. Type locality: Mariposa Co., Briceburg, 0.6 to 0.7 mile northeast, Nov. 15, 1952, one male; Feb. 26, 1954, one female. Male holotype: Width 4.2 mm., length about 24 mm. Color faded in preservative. Exoskeleton thin. Dorsum weakly arched, most of the keels horizontal. Beginning sparsely on the third segment and becom- ing more numerous on the metazonites of the posterior segments, there are low tubercles, each with a punctum on its apex. The tubercles are obsolete and seattered on the anterior half of the body, but on the pos- terior half they are arranged in three rows; the anterior row is scattered, but the second and third are even and distinct. There are seldom more than 20 tubercles in a row, and they never extend out on the keels. Coxa of third legs with a setose, anteriorly directed process about the length and thickness of the seminal lobe of the second legs. A pair of low mounds on the sternum between the fifth legs. All coxae very setose ventrad; other articles of the legs sparsely setose, except the tarsal, which is thickly setose. Sternum glabrous. Coxae and sternum un- spined. Second article of all legs behind the gonopods spined. Anterior margin of collum elevated noticeably near each antenna. Keels of collum widely rounded, for the family. Keels of segments two through four directed laterad: their anterior angle is rounded and the posterior angle is rounded-obtuse. Keels of second segment extend farther laterad and ventrad than the keels of either the collum or of the third segment, thus resembling the Strongylosomidae. On segments five through 15 the keels are acute and slightly hooked; behind 15 the caudal angle becomes increasingly less acute. Cephalic and lateral margins of keels form a wide, even curve; caudal margins very finely granulated. Keels of segment 19 about two-thirds as wide and long as those of seg- ment 18. Anal tergite narrowly produced, the apex truncate; apical half depressed. Pores on margin of keels, opening above in a slight swelling. Telopodites of gonopods subparallel in situ, with the mesial processes of the proximal segment crossing. The telopodite ends in two long, curved, aciculiform processes; the proximal segment bears only one process (fig. 4), thus differing from the generotype, A. sequoia, where there are three. Pemale topotype: Width 5.4 mm. Color incompletely developed, but there are traces of orange on the lateral margin of the keels and of brown on the metazonites. Collum, keels, tuberculation of metazonites, anal tergite, and spination of legs as described for the male. Coxae of second legs with a stiff, finger-like, ventrally directed process arising from the disto-medial margin. Causey—New Records, Descriptions of Calif. Diplopoda 93 Delocheir conservata Chamberlin Delocheir conservata Chamberlin, 1949, Jour. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 39, no. 3, p. 99, fig. 18 (male, Hastings Reservation, Monterey Co., California). Record: Mariposa Co.: Briceburg, Feb. 24, 1952, one male, width 5.6 mm. Family Sigmocheiridae, new family The family Sigmocheiridae is proposed for the genera Sigmocheir Chamberlin, 1951, and Orophe Chamberlin, 1951, which formerly were included in the family Eurydesmidae. Unexpected and previously un- published characters in these genera are the rigid fusion of the coxae of the gonopods and the concave anterior margin of the wide collum (fig. 5). Type genus: Sigmocheir Chamberlin, 1951. The following characters apply to a male of the type genus: exoskele- ton smooth and heavy, body moniliform; keels high and wide, most of them horizontal, their corners rounded, produced caudad only on the last two or three segments; middle of metazonites slightly higher than keels: apex of anal tergite narrow, conical; pore formula 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15-19; pores open laterad from a longitudinal welt; margins of anal valves compressed, elevated; anal sternum triangular; legs without any special enlargements or spines; legs and antennae relatively longer than in the Xystodesmidae; sterna of last four or five diploso- mites with a small spine adjacent to each coxa; gonopodal opening transversely oval. Coxae of gonopods rigidly fused along a short medial suture; coxae also connected by a thick, transverse muscle dorsal to the suture; coxal horns present on the mesial distal surface of the coxae, just beyond the suture; telopodites simple, directed cephalad, the tibio- tarsal region set off by a suture. The Sigmocheiridae resemble the Mexican and Central American fam- ily Rhachodesmidae, and if the gonopods did not lack a coxal horn in that family the two groups might be put together. Somatically the Sigmocheiridae are very unlike any of the several other families in which the gonopods are coalesced; they undoubtedly represent an in- dependent and rather recent development of that character. The range, Montana and California, overlaps that of the family Xystodesmidae, from which they are easily distinguished by the moniliform appearance, the high keels, the absence of spines on the second article of the legs, and the medial fusion of the gonopodal coxae. Sigmocheir calaveras, Chamberlin Figure 5 Sigmocheir calaveras Chamberlin, 1951, Nat. Hist. Mise., no. 87, pp. 5-6, figs. 10, 11. Records: Calaveras Co.: Wool Hollow, April 10, 1952, one male, width 7 mm. Mariposa Co.: Briceburg, Feb. 24, 1952, one male, width 7.4 mm.; trail between Vernal Falls and Happy Isles, Yosemite National Park, Feb. 27, 1954, one female of 19 segments, width 5.5 mm. When the color is fully developed the keels are bright yellow, re- mainder of dorsum except for large, medial, ovoid, yellow areas on the metazonites are yellow; legs lighter yellow. 94 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington / Fig. 1. Paeromopus cavicolens. Left anterior gonopod, cephalic sur- face. Fig. 2. Atopoulus chamberlini. Right posterior gonopod, cephalic sur- face. Fig. 3. Xystocheir cooki, new species. Left gonopod, subdorsal view, male paratype. Fig. 4. Amplocheir reducta, new species. Left gonopod, subventral view, male holotype. Fig. 5. Sigmocheir calaveras. Head and collum, dorsal surface. Vol. 68, pp. 95-100 August 3, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON j= A NEW CRAYFISH OF THE GENUS CAMBARUS \ FROM MISSISSIPPI By Horron H. Hosss, Jr. Samuel Miller Biological Laboratories, University of Virginia The new species described below was collected from four localities in eastern Mississippi in the Pascagoula and Tom- bigbee drainage systems. In its habits it resembles Cambarus fodiens (Cottle, 1863: 217) and Cambarus uhlert Faxon (1884: 116), and probably is a secondary burrower (Hobbs, 1942: 20). Most of the specimens were taken in shallow water from among grasses and debris in roadside ditches; however, others were found in sluggish portions of streams and a few were dug from simple burrows less than two feet in depth. Because of the unusual combination of certain character- istics and the unique chela and first pleopod of the male a new Section of the genus is proposed below to receive this erayfish. (see Relationships). Genus Cambarus Erichson, 1846 Cambarus cristatus,! sp. nov. Diagnosis.—Rostrum subplane or slightly excavate, ovate, and with- out lateral spines at base of acumen. Areola 4-7.5 times longer than broad and comprising 31-32 percent of entire length of carapace. Lat- eral surfaces of carapace devoid of spines or prominent tubercles. Sub- orbital angle obsolete. Postorbital ridges without spines or tubercles on cephalic extremity. Antennal scale almost one-half as broad as long. Chela with a eristiform row of tubercles on inner margin of broad palm, the upper surface of the latter covered with small ciliated squa- mous tubercles. First pleopod of first form male with central projection directed at approximately a 65 degree angle to the main shaft of the appendage and the relatively slender mesial process at a 90 degree angle. Annulus ventralis of female movable; see figure 7. Holotypic Males, Form I.—Body subcylindrical. Abdomen narrower than thorax (6.2-7.8 mm. in widest parts respectively). Width of carapace less than depth in region of caudodorsal margin of cervical groove (7.8-8.0 mm.). Areola relatively broad (4.7 times longer than wide), with moderately deep punctations, three across narrowest por- tion. Cephalic section of carapace 2.1 times as long as areola (length of 1]. crista—crest. So named because of the cristiform row of tubercles along the inner margin of the palm of the chela. 15—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (95) 96 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington areola 32.1 percent of entire length of carapace). Rostrum subspatulate in outline with a small up-turned acumen; margins, not swollen and only slightly elevated, diverge for a short distance from base before gently converging toward apex; no lateral spines present. Upper surface sub- plane, a slight submedian depression in basal half and with minute setiferous punetations. Subrostral ridges poorly developed and visible in dorsal aspect for a short distance at base. Postorbital ridges, long, well-defined and with dorsolateral longitudi- nal grooves; cephalic extremities without tubercles or spines. Suborbi- tal angle obsolete. Branchiostegal spine acute and well-defined. No spines or tubercles on side of carapace immediately caudad of cervical groove. Carapace punctate dorsad and weakly granulate laterad. Ab- domen longer than carapace (18.1-16.2 mm.). Cephalic section of telson with four spines in the right and three in the left caudolateral corners. Epistome (fig. 8) broadly triangular with a subplane surface and a small cephalomedian projection. Antennules of the usual form with a prominent spine on the lower surface of basal segment. Antennae ex- tend caudad to fourth abdominal segment. Antennal seale (fig. 3) broader in distal than in proximal half, almost one-half as long as broad; outer thickened portion not so wide as lamellar area and termi- nating distally in an acute spine. Chela with broad palm only slightly inflated: upper surface of palmar area with ciliated squamous tubercles and lower with setiferous puncta- tions. Inner margin of palm with a eristiform row of 17 tubercles. All other tubercles on palm distinctly smaller. Fingers not gaping. Upper and lower surfaces of both fingers with a submedian longitudinal ridge flanked by setiferous punctations; ridges on upper surfaces more prominent. Opposable margin of dactyl with a row of three corneous- tipped tubercles along basal half, between and distad of which is a sublinear arrangement of minute denticles; mesial margin with setifer- ous punctations, the more distal ones of which lie im a longitudinal groove. Opposable margin of immovable finger with three tubercles along proximal half; the distal one lies in a lower plane of the finger than that of the two proximal ones; distad and between these tubercles are minute denticles corresponding in position to those on the dactyl; lateral margin of finger with a row of setiferous punctations. Carpus of cheliped a little longer than broad, and with a distinct longitudinal furrow above; mesial half of podomere with conspicuous tubereles and lateral half with setiferous punctations. Only two tuber- eles on podomere conspicuously larger than others—one on mesial sur- face distad of midlength, and the other at lower, outer distal margin. Merus of cheliped with upper, mesial, and lower surfaces tuberculate and lateral surface punctate. Although tubercles on lower surface are scattered, an inner row of 17 tubercles and an outer one of nine are moderately well-defined. Hooks on ischiopodites of third pereiopods only; hooks strong and simple. Coxa of fourth pereiopod without a conspicuous prominence; a small ventrally projecting triangular one present on fifth. Sternum at base of coxopodite of third and fourth pereiopod with prominent setiferous lobes—more conspicuous than those of most eray- fishes. Hobbs—New Crayfish (Cambarus), from Mississippi 97 First pleopod (figs. 1, 5) reaching coxopodite of third pereiopod when abdomen is flexed; distai portion treminating in two distinct parts. Central projection corneous, with an acute tip, and bent at an angle of about 65 degrees. Mesial process non-corneous, with distal portion slen- der and directed at a 90 degree angle to the main shaft of the append- age. Both terminal elements directed caudad. Morphotypic Male, Form II.—Differs from the holotype in the fol- lowing respects: Upper surface of rostrum more hirsute; punctations in areola not so conspicuous or so abundant; cephalic section of telson with four spines in each eandolateral corner; row of tubercles along inner margin of palm much reduced and searcely visible; opposable margins of fingers of chelae with very weak tubercles and a single row of minute denticles. Groups of tubercles on proximal podomeres of chelipeds occur in smaller numbers and are reduced in size. The usual differences occur in the secondary sexual characteristics—i.e., hooks on ischiopodites of third pereiopods much reduced; central projection of first pleopod noncorneous and blunt, and mesial process subtriangular (figs. 2 and 4); also sternal prominences at bases of third and fourth pereiopods less conspicuous. (See measurements. ) Allotypic Femlae—Differs from the holotype in the following re- spects: Upper surface of rostrum hirsute; cephalic section of telson with three spines in each caudolateral corner; inner margin of palm of chela with a eristiform row of 14 tubercles. Annulus ventralis subovate with the greatest length in the transverse axis. The broadly S-shaped sinus originates near the midcephalic margin of the annulus and passes caudad to its midcaudal margin; surface features are illustrated in figure 7. Sternal plate immediately caudad of annulus ventralis sub- rectangular in outline. Measurements.—As follows (in mm.): Carapace— Holotype Morphotype Allotype Height 8.0 6.3 7.4 Width 7.8 6.5 Boatcrse Length 16.2 14.2 16.8 Areola— Width iil 0.9 Length 5.2 4.7 D.D Rostrum— Width 3.0 2.6 3.2 Length 3.5 3.4 3.8 Chela— Length of inner margin of palm 4.5 2.5 3.4 Width of palm 4.7 2.5 4.2 Length of outer margin of hand 10.3 6.7 8.7 Length of dactyl 5.5 4.2 5.0 Type Locality.—Roadside ditch, 11.3 miles south of Macon on Route 45, Noxubee County, Mississippi. Here the animals were collected with a seine pulled through the grass and litter on the clay bottom. In no place was the turbid water more than a foot deep. One or two specimens were dug from simple burrows about one and one-half feet deep. Other 98 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington crayfishes taken at the same time were Procambarus acutissimus (Girard, 1852:91) and an undescribed species of the latter genus. Disposition of Types.—The holotypic male, form I, allotypie female, and morphotypie male, form II are deposited in the United States Na- tional Museum (nos. 96985, 96986, and 96987, respectively). Of the 51 paratypes, one male, form I, one male, form IJ, and one female are deposited in the Museum of Comparative Zoology and a similar series in the collection of Dr. G. H. Penn. Three males, form I, eight males, form IJ, 25 females, four juvenile males and five juvenile females are retained in my personal collection at the University of Virginia. Variations——The areola varies in width from 4-7.5 times longer than broad, with from two to four punctations in narrowest part. In some specimens the punctations are scattered and relatively inconspicuous while in others they are more abundant and prominent. The row of tubercles on the palm of the chela varies from 14 to 18, the males usually having a larger number than the females. Among the minor variations in numbers of spines or tubercles is a range of two to five spines in the posterolateral corners of the cephalic section of the telson. The only suggestion of distinct local variations is seen in the annulus ventralis of the two females from Lauderdale County. In these speci- mens the sinus, which is not well-defined, is not so sinuous and lies in a longitudinal depression which is more conspicuous than that seen in females from the type locality. Relationships—Cambarus cristatus is not closely related to any de- scribed species of the genus. The first pleopod more nearly resembles that of certain members of the Diogenes Section, while the short, broad areola is similar to that of certain members of the Bartonii Section. In its habits, as stated above, it is similar to Cambarus fodiens and C. uhleri. The shape of the chela and the broad antennal seale are unique, not found in any other members of the genus Cambarus. For the reasons stated it seems best to assign cristatus to a separate section of the genus, the Cristatus Section. Specimens Hxamined.—A total of 54 specimens have been examined from the following four localities in Mississippi. Kemper County: 4- 1954-12¢c, Backwaters of Scooba Creek, 21.1 miles south of Seooba on U. 8. Highway 45, 1 juv. ¢, W. R. West and Hobbs, coll. Lauderdale County: 4-1854-3b, Roadside ditch, 5 miles south of Meridian on U. S. Highway 11, 2 22, Jean E. Pugh, Sam R. Telford, and Hobbs, eoll. Lowndes County: 4-1454-2c, Small stream, 0.5 miles north of the Noxu- bee County line on U. S. Highway 45, 1 92, 3 juv. 6 4, 5 juv. 2 @, J. E. P., 8S. R. T., and H. H. H. coll. Noxubee County: (Type locality) 4-1454-4a, roadside ditch, 11.3 miles south of Macon on U. S. Highway 45,6 6¢6 L111 ¢¢ DL, 25 99, J. BE. P, S. R. T., and H. H. H. eoll: All of the specimens were collected from roadside ditches or from slug- gish areas of streams. In both situations they were found among grass or in the detritus collected on the bottom, and a few specimens were dug from simple burrows. Literature Cited Cottle, T. J. 1863. On the two species of Astacus found in upper Canada. Can. Jour. Industry, Sci., and Arts, 45: 216-219. Hobbs—New Crayfish (Cambarus), from Mississippi 99 Erichson, W. F. 1846. Ubersicht der Arten der Gattung Astacus. Arch. fiir Naturgeschichte. Jahrg. 12, (part 1): 86-103. Faxon, Walter. 1884. Descriptions of new species of Cambarus; to which is added a synonymical list of the known species of Cambarus and Astacus. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci., 20: 107-158. Girard, Charles. 1852. A revision of the North American Astaci, with observations on their habits and geographical distribution. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 6: 87-91. Hobbs, Horton H., Jr. 1942. The crayfishes of Florida. Univ. of Florida Pub., Biol. Sci. Series. 3(2): 1-179, 3 test figs., 11 maps, 24 pls. Explanation of Figures Cambarus cristatus, sp. nov. Fig. 1—Mesial view of first pleopod of male, form I. Fig. 2—Mesial view of first pleopod of male, form II. Fig. 3—Antennal scale. Fig. 4—Lateral view of first pleopod of male, form IT. Fig. 5—Lateral view of first pleopod of male, form I. Fig. 6—Lateral view of carapace of male, form TI. Fig. 7—Annulus ventralis of female. Fig. 8—Epistome. Fig. 9—Dorsal view of carapace of male, form I. Fig. 10—Ischiopodite of third pereipod of male, form I. Fig. 11—Distal podomeres of cheliped of male, form I. 100 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Por ee & Vol. 68, pp. 101-104 August 3, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THREE NEW SUBSPECIES AND FIGURES OF FIVE PREVIOUSLY UNFIGURED SPECIES OF CINARA (APHIDAE) By F. C. Horrss Sooner or later every taxonomist comes across specimens which present some variation from the typical forms of de- seribed species. Such is the case of the three forms described herewith. Had these forms been observed critically enough when alive, had more material been collected, or had an opportunity to follow the life cycle been afforded, they might have been described as species. For the present it may suffice to describe them briefly as subspecies and call attention to their variations. Cinara villosa (G&P) subspecies parvavillosa n. subspecies. This form which is described as a new subspecies of C. villosa differs from typical specimens of that species, in the vastly fewer number of hairs on the abdomen of both the alate and apterous viviparous females, the hairs are not only fewer in number, but are finer and somewhat shorter, than those of the typical form. There are also fewer hairs on the antennae, and the fourth segment of the rostrum is slightly shorter. Holotype apterous viviparous female, taken on Pinus flexilis var reflexa June 13, 1954, Summerhaven, Arizona. Morphotype alate viviparous female, George D. Butler, Jr.. Summerhaven, Arizona, May 31, 1954. Both types deposited in the United States National Museum. What has been determined as the typical form of C. villosa has been taken in the same region on the same host. The host of C. villosa as -known from Colorado is Pinus flexilis. Cinara villosa (G&P) and Cinara wahtolca H. are allied species, in fact, C. wahtolca may be keyed with only minor difficulties to C. villosa in Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara in ‘‘ Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region.’’ In life the two species are vastly different. Cinara hirsuta H&E is also allied to these two species, but hirsuta has much longer hair. All three species have similar pigmented spots posterior to the cornicles, but these are less frequent in specimens of villosa. Taxonomists who ““see’’ only these, are in for difficulty. C. hirsuta will not key to villosa in Palmer’s key, because of the length of hair. Couplets 17, 18 and 22 are apt to offer difficulties in the keying of some specimens of wahtolca C. wahtolca has fewer hair on the tibiae. Cinara wahtolca H. subspecies curtiwahtolca n. subspecies. Apterous viviparous females of this form, in life, apparently are enough similar to the typical form to be taken for it. Mounted speci- 16—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., VOL. 68, 1955 (101) 102 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington mens differ from the form as described in the character and length of the hairs on the dorsum of the thorax and abdomen, and in the size and height of the pigmented spots from which they arise. The hair on the dorsum are very fine, arise from a pigmented spot which is not elevated and very small. The hairs are hardly longer than the width of the spots from which they arise, but vary some in length, they are fine and may be difficult to differentiate. The larger pigmented spots anterior to the transverse pigmented spots are as a rule free from hair, when free, they show clear area, which correspond to areas from which hairs arise when such are present. Such hairs are always short, but longer than those found on the dorsum which are about .01 mm. long. The hairs present on the pigmented spots are quite thick, and for the most part dull at the end. The hairs on the ventral surface are normal. Specimens of this form differ from typical specimens of wahtolca in the length of various parts of the antennae, legs and rostrum, but it is not known how significant these variations are. Holotype, apterous viviparous female, deposited in the United States National Museum. Host Pinus edulis, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, June 15, 1954. The specimens were for the most part collected on small trees growing in the angle formed by the main road into the Park, and the road leading to the Park Air Port. C. wahtolca was the most common species of Cinara found on Pinus edulis in Arizona in early June 1954. It was common and present in great numbers on Pinus monophylla in Nevada. Pinus monophylla is a new host for this species . Cinara villosa (G&P) subspecies curtivillosa n. subspecies. This new subspecies of C. villosa (G&P) differs from the typical form C. villosa in having short hairs on the dorsum of the abdomen, in place of hairs of normal length. In this respect it is similar to the subspecies C. curtiwahtolca described herewith, except for the fact that the hairs are somewhat longer on the average. Most of the hairs are more or less pointed, they appear to be normal, we do not think they have been worn off or perhaps clipped by ants. Holotype apterous viviparous female. Taken on Pinus flexilis var refleca, July 17, 1954. Summerhaven, Arizona. George D. Butler, Jr., Coll. This slide has been deposited in the United States National Museum. Cinara juniperivora (Wilson). Cinara difficiis H&E 1931 new synonymy. Explanations of Plates The descriptions of the forms figured on the plates published here- with, with the exception of the figure of C. jwniperi (DeGeer) were published in previous volumes of this Journal, either by the writer or the writer and his associates. They have not been figured elsewhere, and none are described in Palmer’s ‘‘Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Re- gion,’’ either because they were described after this work went to press, or because they are from regions without the limits of this work. The figure of C. junipert (DeGeer) is from a slide now in the collection of Prof. E. O. Essig, which was checked by Dr. Hille Ris Lambers. Records of C. juniperi previously published in American literature may be ques- Hottes—Three New Subspecies of Cinara 103 tioned. This species can now be recorded from America, as determined by Dr. D. Hille Ris Lambers. The author is aware that the species figured on the plates published herewith are not associated with the forms described in this paper as new subspecies. He merely takes this opportunity to publish them, for the benefit of other aphid specialists. ic Apt. Viv. Wecnipintas R. JO5I3 .10=.17 06-09 °° as a Geet RS Meee OQ sat 90=1.68 — wm >O- Alate Viv, \ 37 SEN. ~ 18 | R. CINARA juniperi eGeer) 104 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington wt Tl Ta. ip = Sy sez oS 2 = page Ss ies Hal Ta, SFg5d5 BS ce Ages OBS 25-28 = re O= a ei T De Ea Cane a . ° v ¢ A ‘ aS Co. th TAY 4 NES s Wssast ES Yl PANN ss 2) Sas “ait Tove as ioe torh, MON C, 17 1955 J Vol. 68, pp. 105-108 + LIE MARY 7 October 31, 1955 a PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SOME TINGIDAE FROM THE FRENCH CAMEROONS (HEMIPTERA) By Cart J. DRAKE This paper is an account of the lacebugs, family Tingidae, netted during an expedition to study the ecology and fauna of the pluvial forests of the French Cameroons, Africa, win- ter of 1949-1950, by the Universitetets Zoologiske Muesum, Kobenhavn. The research investigations and insect collections were made by Dr. Jorgen Burket-Smith (in charge of expe- dition) and J. Dahl of the above university. The Tingids, represented by 20 specimens, sort out to two genera and three species. These figures include the species described below as new to science. The specimens, including the type, have been returned to the above museum. The Tingidae were collected in the pluvial forests and small native ‘“elearings’’ south of Makak, a small station on the railway between Douala and Yaoundé, about 270 kilometers south of the former city. Field stations were established at ‘‘Campement Despierres’’ (four kilo- meters south of Makak) and at ‘‘Case du Nyong’’ (12 kilometers south of the first camp) on the southern bank of the river Nyong. At the latter station, a field laboratory was constructed for conducting the ecological studies and making the insect collections. The climate in the region of the stations is that of the calm-belt, a wet tropical one of four seasons. Phyliontocheila alberti tricarinata Schouteden. Phyllontocheila alberti tricarinata Schouteden, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 43 (3-4) :170. Phyllontocheila alberti tricarinata Drake and Gomez-Menor, EOS, Rey. Esp. Ent. 30(1-2) :93.( New synonymy) As the subspecies P. alberti carinata Schouteden has priority by a couple of months over the subspecies described by the same name by Drake and Gomez-Menor, the latter is here treated as a synonymy. The description of the subspecies tricarinata also makes it necessary to sup- press the subgenus Kotoko Schouteden as a synonym of the genus Phyllontocheila Fieber. (New synonymy) Fifteen specimens (8 adults and 7 nymphs), both field stations south of Makak, feeding and breeding on the leaves of a small tree, Veronia sp. Other specimens have been seen from Spanish Guinea and Belgian Congo. Schouteden also reported Veronia as its food plant in the Bel- gian Congo. The typical form has the pronotum unicarinate instead of tricarinate. Phyllontocheila dilatata (Guérin-Méneville). 17—Proc. Brox. Soc. WAsH., Vou. 68, 1955 (105) OCT 2 3 10ce Pt | 106 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Tingis dilatata Guérin-Méneville, Mag. Zool. 1(2):8. tab. 8, 1831. Tingis dilatata Lethierry et Severin, Cat. gén. Hem. Het. 3:226. 1896. Phyllontochila dilatata Distant, Ann. So. Afr. Mus. 2:241. 1902. Phyllontocheila dilatata Horvath, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung. 9:328 & 331. 1911. Phyllontochila dilatata Horvath, Kilimandjaro-Meru, 2(12) :63. Four specimens, Case du Nyong, netted in the dense underwood of the forest, along paths and in plantations. Recorded in the literature from Nigeria, Senegal, Rhodesia, Serra Leone, Belgian Congo and French West Africa. Tingis nyogana, n. sp. Large, rather broad, ovate, testaceous with pronotum largely reddish fuscous and elytra variegated with fuscous and blackfish. Length, 4.50 mm; width, 2.60 mm. Head broad, very short, black, armed above with five, stout, blunt spines; anterior pair and median erect, beadlike, fuscous; hind pair appressed, testaceous, short; eyes large, reddish fuscous. Bucculae broad, closed in front, mostly triseriate, quadriseriate behind. Rostrum brownish testaceous, extending to base of mesonotum; laminate moder- ately elevated, rather thick, fuscous, divergent anteriorly, apex destroyed by pin. Antennae moderately stout; segment I very stout, very short; IT slenderer, nearly the same length as I; III brownish, straight, clothed with extremely short, golden pubescence; IV, short, black, feebly en- larged apically, clothed with pale pubescence; measurements—I, 14; II, 12; III, 90; IV, 28. Orifice with sides of channel strongly elevated, directed upward with apex nearly in contact with hypocostal laminae. Legs moderately long, moderately stout, reddish fuscous, clothed with very short, inconspicuous pubescence. Pronotum quite broad, strongly and broadly convex across humeral angles, very coarsely punctate, moderately roundly narrowed anteriorly, tricarinate; carinae elevated, largely testaceous, composed of one row of fairly distinct areolae; lateral carina united with apex of prostrate hood, reaching to apex of hind pronotal process; lateral carimae termi- nating anteriorly near base of calli, more widely separated in front of disc, there convex within; hood rather small, pyriform, inflated, feebly produced in front, wider than high, longer than wide; calli large, im- punctate, black; paranota long, rather narrow, slightly reflexed, with outer margin slowly rounded, brownish testaceous, uniseriate opposite humeri, wider and biseriate in front; hind process large, testaceous, areolate. Elytra broad, obovate, brownish testaceous, somewhat variegated with fuscous or blackish markings, jointly broadly rounded behind in re- pose, widest across apex of hind pronotal process; costal area wide, with a fairly large quadrate black band in front of middle, also with a few scattered small spots and apex black, irregularly tri- quadriseriate; sub- costal area subequal to costal in width, quadriseriate in front, triseriate behind, with outer boundary simuate, acutely angulate at base and apex, extending beyond middle of elytra, widest opposite apex of hind pronotal process; there seven or eight areolae deep; sutural area large, with veinlets largely black, the areolae larger apically. Areolae of elytra rather small and not arranged in very regular rows. Abdomen beneath dark reddish fuscous. a TB Drake—Some Tingidae from French Cameroons 107 Type (female), Case du Nyong, along a path in the cultivated clear- ings and plantations, Zool. Mus. of Univ. Kobenhavn. This species may be distinguished from other members of the genus Tingis Linneaus (subgenus Tingis) by the hood and paranota. The genus Tingis and subgenera need further study as a number of species so classified are atypical. 108 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington A Ee tell Ih rd om\ 4 \ gies a WN NOV47 1955 V17 1°55 ) Vol. 68, pp. 109-112 Noe [irony ; _ Prerer 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS . OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TWO NEW SPECIES OF SHORE-BUGS (HEMIPTERA) (SALDIDAE: LEPTOPODIDAE) By Caru J. DRAKE The present paper characterizes two new shore-bugs—one species of the family Saldidae from the Solomon Islands and the other of the family Leptopodidae from Madagascar. Pentacora sororia, n. sp. Small, obovate, dusky testaceous, rather dull, with the color areas of brown, fuscous or black variable in size, intensity and indefinite in pattern as discussed in description of structures. Length, 3.75 mm. (male) and 4.25 mm. (female); width, 1.62 mm. (male) and 2.12 mm. (female). Head testaceous with a fuscous or blackish bifid area bearing ocelli, sometimes most of vertex and postocular part blackish; ocelli promi- nent, separated by less than the diameter of an ocellus. Rostrum long, dark fuscous, shining, extending between hind coxae. Antennae long, slender, testaceous with last two segments dark or blackish fuscous, shortly hairy, with pubescence also on last two segments, measurements —I, 28; II, 62 (male) and 74 (female); III, 42; IV, 42. Pronotum moderately convergent anteriorly, with outer margins nearly straight; callus large, moderately elevated, with large discal impres- sions; collar short, narrow, testaceous; hind lobe about one-half as long as callus (10:22), deeply roundly excavated behind, width at base much greater than width of front margin of anterior lobe (115:65), or median length of entire pronotum (115:38). Scutellum very little raised, often mostly black with apex testaceous, the width at base and median length almost equal (74:70). Hemelytra variable in color, flavotestace- ous with veins fuscous, or with fuscous and blackish areas that are somewhat variable in size, intensity of color markings and blackish veins; membrane pale in testaceous forms, mostly fuscous in darker forms, divided into five cells. Legs dusky testaceous or whitish testace- ous, the femora with some small fuscous spots. Hind legs with tibiae much longer than femora (128:90). Measurements: 80 units equal one milimeter. Type (male) and allotype (female), Malaupaina, Three Sisters, Solo- mon Islands, May 12, 1934, B. A. Lever, British Museum. Paratypes: 5 specimens, same data as type. As P. sororia n. sp. is very closely allied to P. sphacelata (Uhler) and P. sonneveldi Blote in color, markings and general aspect, the three species are easily confused. P. sonneveldi is clothed with distinctly longer pubescent hairs than the other two species. P. sororia is smaller, 18—Proc. Bron. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (109) 110 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington shorter hind tibiae (128:150) and slightly longer pubescence than P. sphacelata. Sonneveldi has been reported in the literature from the Celebes and Malay. P. sphacelata is widely distributed in North, Cen- tral and Insular Americas. It is primarily a tenant of wet sandly and muddy shores near the water’s edge of salt and brackish marshes, swamps, tidal flats and ponds of the seacoast (Atlantic, Pacifie and Gulf), also of inland salt lakes, springs and wells. Seashores, where high waves break on the beaches and leave heavy pounding surf, make conditions impossible for their existence. Specimens from the light- colored sands of West Indies are usualy very pale in color. It has also been taken in Peru. Martiniola pulla, n. sp. Large, oblong-ovate, black with testaceous and flavotestaceous mark- ings as described with structures. Length, 4.75 mm.; width, 1.95 mm. Head black, with a median longitudinal furrow in front of ocellar tubercle, with two pairs of erect spines (one on each side of furrow; first pair between eyes and second pair slightly in front of eyes) and three upright spines on top of anterior tubercle testaceous, each side with three extremely long, pale testaceous, laterally-projecting spines, beneath with numerous, white, setalike hairs; ocelli placed obliquely on top of ocellar tubercle, separated by less than the diameter of an ocellus. Rostrum black-fuscous with apex of first segment testaceous, beset with several, long, white, setal hairs; segment I with three ex- tremely long, laterally-directed, pale testaceous spines on each side; II with two much shorter pale spines on each side. Antennae very long, slender, without pubescence, blackish fuscous; segment I short, distinctly flattened, with two or three, short, white spines on each side; II slightly thicker than next two; III and IV quite slender, measurements—I, 21; INL, S93 INO, es JAY, G0) Pronotum rugulose, coarsely punctate, black with five or six small pale spots, beset with numerous, erect or suberect, whitish spinulae or setal hairs; front lobe constricted, much narrower than hind lobe (80: 110), shorter than hind lobe (35:45); collar short, narrow, constricted; hind lobe truncate behind, higher and more convex than front lobe, beset with some whitish setal hairs. Scutellum wider at base than median length (60:40), black with apex and a small elevated callus on each side at middle flavotestaceous. Hemelytra blackish, with two sub- basal stripes in clavus (one on each side), a submedian stripe in inner corium, and a large subbasal spot, another spot scarcely back of the middle and a divided subapical spot fiavotestaceous; embolium moder- ately wide at base, then narrowed posteriorly, whitish, with outer boundary vein thick, dark fuscous, and armed on exterior margin with a row of moderately long, sharp, whitish spines resting on fuscous bases; membrane dark fuscous, composed of four cells. Thorax beneath black- ish with acetabula whitish; venter whitish, with bases of segment fuscous. Elytral spimulae erect or suberect, brownish or fuscous. Hypo- costal laminae uniseriate on about basal half, thence narorwer and without areolae. Legs long, slender, with all femora strongly tapering apically, black, the inferior surfaces of all femora and basal part of their dorsal sur- Drake—Two New Species of Shore-Bugs atalal faces whitish testaceous; all tibiae and all femora with a subapical, flavotestaceous band. Anterior femora armed beneath with six pairs of extremely long, slender, divergent spines (six spines on front and six on hind edge), the three basal pairs black and three apical pairs whitish testaceous; underside of tibiae also armed with six pairs of shorter, black, divergent spines. Middle and hind femora each with a row of very short, whitish spines on hind margin. Type (female), Tamatave, Madagascar, 1949, in Drake Collection. Separated from its congener M. madagascarensis (Martin) by larger size, black color, banded femora and tibiae (subapical) and shorter fourth antennal segment. 112 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington ST ae 4X L/ Ff ae wt "“tIfis \ 0 ii y, Vol. 68, pp. 113-124 == October 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SEVEN NEW BIRDS FROM CERRO DE LA NEBLINA, TERRITORIO AMAZONAS, VENEZUELA By Wiuuiam H. PHELPS AND WILLIAM H. PHELPS, JR. Cerro de la Neblina, the type locality of the birds described in this paper, is located in extreme southern Venezuela near the Brazilian frontier, lat. 1° N, long. 66° W. An ornithologi- eal collection was made there by the expedition of the Phelps Collection which joined, at Cerro de la Neblina, a New York Botanical Garden expedition, which had preceded us there, headed by Dr. Bassett Maguire. Besides the new birds described, we report the first breed- ing records for Venezuela of four species of Laridae and the extension of the range of a tanager from Columbia to Venezuela. Specimens listed are in the Phelps Collection, Caracas, unless other- wise specified. Names of colors are capitalized when direct comparison has been made with Ridgway’s ‘‘Color Standards and Color Nomen- clature,’’ 1912. Wing measurements are of the chord. We are indebted to Dr. John T. Zimmer, Chairman of the Department of Birds of the American Museum of Natural History, for access to the collection of that institution. Larus atricilla atricilla Linné Larus atricilla Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, p. 136, 1758. (America- Bahama Islands, ex Catesby.) A nestling collected by us on July 25, 1953, on Isla Sarqui, of Los Roques archipelago, is the first definite breeding record on any of the islands in the Caribbean Sea off the Venezuelan coast, either Vene- zuelan or Dutch. Hellmayr records it as breeding south through the Lesser Antilles to the Grenadines. Voous” reports it as probably nesting on Klein Curacao and Bonaire, but this remains to be established definitely. Sterna dougallii dougallii Montagu Sterna Dougallii Montagu, Orn. Dict. Suppl., 1813. (Scotland.) This species had not been recorded as breeding on the Venezuelan islands of the Caribbean Sea. We found it nesting, with eggs, on June 26, 1954, on Isla Noronqui, of Los Roques archipelago. It is known 1 Maguire, B. Cerro de la Neblina. A newly discovered sandstone mountain: Geographical Review, New York. XLV, No. 1, pp. 1-26, January, 1955 23 Vogels Nederl. Antillen, 1955, pp. 97-98. 19—Proc. Bron. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (Gn18})) OCT 3 1 sar; 114 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington to breed on Aruba Island, Curacao, (Jan Thiel Baai)? and the Grena- dines. Thalasseus maximus maximus Boddaert Sterna maxima Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., p. 58, 1783. (Cayenne, ex Daubenton, pl. 988.) This species had not been recorded as breeding on any of the Dutch or Venezuelan islands of the Caribbean Sea off the Venezuelan coast. A specimen, sitting on an egg, was collected by us on June 26, 1954, on Isla Noronqui of Los Roques archipelago. According to Bond, it breeds throughout the West Indies but he does not include the islands off the Venezuelan coast in his West In- dian range. Thalasseus eurygnatha Saunders Sterna eurygnatha Saunders, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 654, 1876. (Santa Catharina, Brazil.) This species had not been recorded as breeding on the Venezuelan islands of the Caribbean Sea. We collected two specimens sitting on their eggs on June 26, 1954, on Isla Noronqui of the Los Roques archi- pelago. Bond does not record the species from the West Indies, but recently Voous has reported it as nesting in Curacao. Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus neblinae, new subspecies Type: From Cerro de la Neblina, headwaters of the Rio Yatta, Terri- torio Amazonas, Venezuela; 1800 meters. No. 59988, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected January 24, 1954, by Ramon Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to X. p. orenocensis Berlepsch and Hartert, of the upper Orinoco, Ecuador and Peri, from which it differs by having a chestnut tinge on the mantle, darker tail, the striped throat of X. p. tenebrosus Zimmer and Phelps, of the Gran Sabana region of Bolivar, darker brown under parts and shorter wing; from tenebrosus differs by the chestnut tinge on the mantle, darker tail and the more curved, longer and heavier bill of orenocensis. Range: Known from the unique type from the Subtropical Zone, in deep forest. Description of Type: Top of head dusky brown, the feathers with buffy white shaft lines which are more rufous on forehead and lores; back Brussels Brown, the shafts of feathers buffy, giving a fine lined appearance; mantle with a chestnut tinge; rump Auburn merging into the Chestnut of upper tail-coverts; sides of head pale buffy streaked with dark brown. Chin pale buffy; upper throat pale buffy with the feathers heavily edged with brownish giving a striped appearance, this merging into the Brussels Brown of the lower throat, breast, sides and flanks, the feathers of which have long narrow buffy white shaft lines; lower abdomen paler with some dusky speckling; under tail-coverts Brussels Brown indistinctly speckled with dusky. Remiges Auburn, under surfaces paler; inner vanes of primaries dusky apically; under surfaces of secondaries pinkish buffy basally; upper wing-coverts more 8’ Hartert. Ibis. p. 310, 1893; Voous, Vogels Nederl. Antillen, 1955, p. 101. Phelps and Phelps—Seven New Birds from Venezuela 115 brownish; lesser coverts with buffy shafts; under wing-coverta and axillaries buffy, heavily barred with dusky. Tail Caron Brown, paler on under surface; shafts of rectrices very dark brown, light brown on under surfaces. Bill (in life) ‘‘black, gray base’’; feet ‘‘olive’’; iris ‘‘dark.’’ Wing, 130 mm.; tail, 120; exposed culmen, 48; culmen from base, 54; tarsus, 30. Remarks: Range of measurements: orenocensis: five adult males (ine. type)—wing, 137-143 (139.4) mm.; tail, 106-118 (111.8); culmen from base, 54-56 (55.2); four adult females—wing, 131-139 (135.5); tail, 110-115 (113); culmen from base, 55-57 (56); tenebrosus: one adult male—wing, 125; tail, 109; culmen from base, 47.5; two adults of undertermined sex (ine. type)—wing, 121, 130; tail, 93, ?; culmen from base, 48, 49. Orenocensis in Venezuela is known only from the lower Tropical Zone and tenebrosus from the upper Tropical Zone (700 to 1000 meters), while the new form was collected well up in the Subtropical Zone at 1800 meters. Specimens Examined X. p. emigranst+-—NICARAGUA: 1. GUATEMALA: 4. X. p. costaricensis—COSTA RICA: 64. X. p. panamensis—PANAMA: 44 X. p. promeropirhynchus—COLOMBIA: 125. VENEZUELA: 93; 166; Zulia: Cerro Pejochaina, Perija, 4 6, 2 2; Cerro Mashirampé, 1 2,1 (?); Campamento Avispa, 1 ¢; Cerro Alto del Cedro, 1 4, 4 (%) juv. X. p. virgatus—COLOMBIA: 45. X. p. sanctae-martae-——COLOMBIA: 95. X. p. procerus—_ VENEZUELA: 124; 246; Gudrico: Santa Maria de Ipire, 1 6. X. p. orenocensis—_VENEZUELA: Terr. Amazonas: San Fernando de Atabapo, 3 9; Yapacana, 1 6; Nericagua, 1 6 (type)7; Mun- duapo’, 1 9, 1 (?); El Merey, 1 67. ECUADOR: 14. PERU: 14. X. p. neblinae—_VENEZUELA: Cerro de la Neblina, Terr. Amazonas, 1é (type). X. p. tenebrosus VENEZUELA: Arabupaé, Cerro Roraima, 16; Cerro Chimanta-tepui, 2 (?) (ine. type). X. p.ignotus—ECUADOR: 105. X. p. crassirostris—PERU: 35, X. p. phaeopygas—PERU: 15. X. p. berlepschi—BRAZIL: 44. X. p. lineatocephalus—BOLIVIA: 94. Glyphorhynchus spirurus coronobscurus, new subspecies Type: From Cerro de la Neblina, headwaters of the Rio Yatta, Terri- torio Amazonas, Venezuela; 1400 meters. No. 59991, Phelps Collection, 4Specimens in the American Museum of Natural History. For localities see Zimmer and Phelps, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1373, p. 4, 1948. >Idem. For localities see Zimmer, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 753, 19, UB, NOB ® For localities see Zimmer and Phelps, Am. Mus. Noy., No. 1373, p. 4, 1948. * Sperimens in the American Muscum of Natural History. 116 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Caracas. Adult male collected February 1, 1954, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit in the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Differs from all races of G. spirurus by darker, more dusky brown, crown; nearest to G. s. rufigularis Zimmer from which it differs additionally by more oflivaceous, less brownish, under parts. Range: Known from four specimens from Cerro de la Neblina in the Subtropical Zone at altitudes from 1400 to 1800 meters. Description of Type: Crown Raw Umber, forehead more dusky; back nearest to Cinnamon-Brown, merging into the Burnt Sienna X Chestnut or uropygium; superciliaries and sides of head streaked with buffy white. Chin and throat browner than Zine Orange, some of the feathers with dusky tips; breast, sides and flanks Saccardo’s Umber, breast with buffy white saggitate shaft-spots; abdomen paler; under tail-coverts nearest to Sayal Brown. Wings Fuscous; exposed surfaces of upper wing-coverts uniform with back, those of primaries and secondaries more olivaceous and those of tertials Auburn; inner webs of secondaries and all but the three outer primaries with a broad band of Light Pink- ish Cinnamon; under wing-coverts white, a brownish area on carpal angle; axillaries whitish. Tail Auburn, paler on under surface. Bill (in life) ‘‘black, base purple’’; feet ‘‘purplish gray’’; iris ““dark.’’ Wing, 72.5 mm.; tail, 67; exposed culmen, 11; culmen from base, 13; tarsus, 16.5. Remarks: Sexes alike in color but female smaller. Size similar to rufigularis. Range of measurements: two adult males (ine. type)— wing, 71-72.5 (71.7) mm.; tail, 65-65 (65); culmen from base, 13-13 (13); one adult female—wing, 64; tail, 57; culmen from base, 12; one adult of undetermined sex—wing, 62; tail, 59; culmen from base, 12. Measurements of rufigularis: see Zimmer, Peruvian Birds. The other races in Venezuela are of the Tropical Zone, sometimes reaching the lower subtropics. Specimens Exanined G. s. pectoralis?—_MEXICO: 1. GUATEMALA: 1. G. s. sublestus!9._ COSTA RICA: 3. PANAMA: 14. COLOMBIA: 18: ECUADOR: 10. G. s. integratus—COLOMBIA*™: Puerto Boyacé, 1 ¢; north of Cé- cuta, 1 9; ‘‘Bogota,’’? 1 6. VENEZUELA: La Sierra, Perija, Zulia, 1 6; La Fria, Tachira, 2 ¢; Santo Domingo, 1 ¢; Santa Barbara, Barinas, 1 @. G. s. spirurus—VENEZUELA: 5111. BRITISH GUIANA: 2810; 111, FRENCH GUIANA: 159. BRAZIL: 211; 4719, ECUADOR: 719. G. s. amacurensis —VENEZUELA: 1611. G. s. rufigularis—_ VENEZUELA: 13311; 7719, G. s. coronobscurus—V HNEZUELA: Cerro de la Neblina, Terr. Ama- zonas, 2 6 (ine. type), 1 9,1 [2]. G. s. castelnaudi19— PERU: 39. ECUADOR: 8. BRAZIL: 17. G. s. albigularis—BOLIVIA: 219, 8 Am. Mus. Nov., No. 757, p. 3, 1934. ; ® Specimens in the American Museum of Natural History. For localities see Phelps and Phelps, Jr., Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 65, pp. 47, 48, 1952. 10Tdem. For localities see Zimmer, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 757, pp. 6, 7, Nov. 30, 1934. 11 For localities see Phelps and Phelps, Jr., Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 65, p. 47, 1952. Phelps and Phelps—Seven New Birds from Venezuela 117 G. s. inornatus—BRAZIL: 1019, G. s. cuneatus—BRAZIL: 3119, Platyrinchus mystaceus ventralis, new subspecies Type: From Cerro de la Neblina, headwaters of the Rio Yatta, Terri- torio Amazonas, Venezuela; 1900 meters. No. 60108, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected January 24, 1954, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to P. m. ptaritepui Zimmer and Phelps, but differs from all races of mystaceus by brighter, darker, more ochraceous breast and abdomen, less buffy or brownish. From P. m. duidae Zimmer, differs more than from ptaritepui as the former is still duller. Range: Known from Cerro de la Neblina in the Subtropical Zone, in the deep forest. Description of Type: Top of head Brownish Olive X Light Brownish Olive, with a semi-concealed Empire Yellow crown patch; back and rump Medal Bronze, more buffy on upper tail-coverts; lores, wide post- ocular and mystacal stripes blackish; auricular region buffy. Chin and throat white with lateral edges buffy; anterior breast, sides and flanks Buckthorn Brown, merging into the Yellow Ochre of posterior breast and abdomen; under tail-coverts buffy. Wings darker than Benzo Brown; remiges edged externally with olive brown, more widely on tertials; inner vanes of remiges edged with buffy, basally; upper wing- coverts, except primary ones, broadly but faintly edged with brownish olive; bend of wing Yellow Ochre; under wing-coverts mixed buffy and dusky; axillaries buffy. Tail darker than Benzo Brown. Bill (in life) ‘‘maxilla black, mandible yellow’’; feet ‘‘yellowish flesh’’; iris ‘‘brown.’? Wing, 55 mm.; tail, 28; exposed culmen, 10; culmen from base, 14; tarsus, 16.5. Remarks: Sexes different in color and male with longer wing. Size similar to ptaritepui, Range of measurements: two adult males (ine. type)—wing, 55, 54 mm.; tail, 28, 29; culmen from base, 14, 13; five adult females—wing, 50-52 (50.7); tail, 24-27 (25.8); culmen from base, 13.5-14 (13.8). Another of our specimens is immature as shown by the rufous tinge of the back. Specimens Examined P.m. mystaceus.—BRAZIL: 2012, P. m. bifasciatus—BRAZIL: 1412, P. m. zamorae!2.—_ PERU: 6. ECUADOR: 11. P.m. albogularis—ECUADOR: 1712. P. m. insularis TOBAGO: 1012. TRINIDAD: 1012. VENEZUELA: 1713, Lara: Cerro El Cogollal, 1 2; Cerro El Cerrén, 1 9. Yaracuy: Palma Sola, 1 ¢. Carabobo: Urama, 1 ¢, 3 2; Las Quiguas, 1 92; Colonia Chirgua, 1 ¢. Distrito Federal: San José de los Caracas, 1 3, 1 2. Miranda: Carenero, 1 6; Cerro Golfo Triste, 1 2; Cerro Negro, 2 6. Anzoadtegui: Barcelona, 2 2. Sucre: Cerro Pan de Azucar, 1 92; Cerro Papelén, 1 ¢; Cerro Azul, 8 6, 1 9. Gudarico: Altagracia de 2 For localities see Zimemr, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1043, p. 8, 1939. Specimens in American Museum of Natural History. 13 For localities see Zimmer and Phelps, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1312, p. 14, 1946. Specimens in American Museum of Natural History. 118 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Orituco, 1 2. Bolivar: Santa Rosalia, 1 9. Delta Amacuro: Misién Araguaimujo, 3 ¢, 2 @. P.m. imatacae—VENEZUELA: Bolivar: Cerro Tomasote, 2 ¢, 4 9. P. m. ptaritepuim—mVENEZUELA: Bolivar: Cerro Ptari-tepui, 3 ¢, 6 2,1 juv.; Cerro Sororopin-tepui, 2 6,1 2; Cerro Aprada-tepui, 1 6, I), , P. m. duidae—VENEZUELA: Bolivar: Cerro Roraima, 1 97; Ara- bopé, 3 6,3 2, 2 97; Paulo, 1 $7; Santa Elena, 1 ¢. Amazonas: Cerro Duida, 1 ¢%; Cerro Yavi,1 9. P. m. ventralis —VENEZUELA: Amazonas: Cerro de la Neblina, 2 ¢ (ine. type), 5 2, 1 juv. P. m. neglectus!12—COLOMBIA: 6. PANAMA: 26. COSTA RICA: il. P. m. dilutus!2—_COSTA RICA: 6. NICARAGUA: 8. P. m. cancrominus!2,—_NICARAGUA: 8. GUATEMALA: 9. Troglodytes rufulus wetmorei, new subspecies Type: From Cerro de la Neblina, headwaters of the Rio Yatta, Ter- ritorio Amazonas, Venezuela; 1850 meters. No. 60183, Phelps Collec- tion, Caracas. Adult male collected —January 22, 1954, by Ramon Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Differs from all other races of T. rufulus by pure unmixed gray throat, breast and abdomen, instead of whitish or rufous; dark olive brown flanks, instead of rufous; very prominently barred dusky and whitish under tail-coverts, instead of faintly barred rufous ones; darker, more brownish, upper parts and whitish superciliaries, instead of buffy rufous. Range: Known only from the Subtropical Zone of Cerro de la Neblina at altitudes from 1800 to 1900 meters, in forest and open serubby country. Description of Type: Top of head, back and uropygium nearest to Chestnut-Brown X Auburn; lores and sides of forehead gray; a wide superciliary stripe, extending to neck, whitish; auriculars dusky and buffy brown. Chin nearest to Pale Olive-Gray, faintly barred with dusky; throat and breast nearest to Pale Olive-Gray; abdomen more whitish; flanks Prout’s Brown X Cinnamon-Brown; under tail-coverts buffy whitish, heavily barred with blackish. Wings nearest to Cinnamon- Drab X Benzo Brown; outer webs of several outermost primaries faint- ly barred basally with buffy; outer webs of tertials chestnut brown barred with dusky; the innermost one completely barred; upper wing- coverts heavily margined with chestnut brown; bend of wing grayish white; under wing-coverts and axillaries dusky grayish. Tail buffy brown, finely barred with dusky, paler on under surface. Bill (in life) ‘‘ black, base flesh color’’; feet ‘‘blackish brown’’; iris *“brown.’? Wing, 52.5 mm.; tail, 32; exposed culmen, 14; culmen from base, 18; tarsus, 23. Remarks: Sexes alike. Size not different from the other subspecies, having the short wing of J. r. yavii Phelps and Phelps, Jr., and the long bill of 7. r. flavigularis Zimmer and Phelps. Range of measure- ments: five adult males (inc. type)—wing, 52.5-54 (53.1) mm.; tail, 32-39 (36.4); eulmen from base, 18-19 (18.4); three adult females— wing, 51-53 (52); tail, 33-37 (35.3); culmen from base, 18-19 (18.5). Phelps and Phelps—Seven New Birds from Venezuela 119 Measurements of 7. r. dwidae Chapman, from Mt. Duida1*: five males— wing, 55-59; tail, 37-41; culmen, 17-17.5; five females—wing, 54-57; tail, 37-38; culmen, 16-17. This form has strikingly different coloration throughout than the other five known races, which all resemble each other more or less closely. However, as there is no difference in pattern, only color, and as it is manifestly a representative of 7. rufulus, we prefer not to give it specific rank. It is with great pleasure that we name this new form in honor of Dr. Alexander Wetmore, fellow member of the Cerro de la Neblina expedition, who always has placed entirely and unreservedly at our dis- position his incomparabl ornithological knowledge and experience. Specimens Examined T.r. rufulus. —VENEZUELA: cerros Roraima, Uei-tepui, Aprada- tepui and Chimanta-tepui, 3115; Cerro Roraima, 16 6, 109, 2 (7%); Cerro Cuquendn, 7 6,7 9@,3 (?). T.r. fulvigularis—VENEZUELA: cerros Auyan-tepui, Ptari-tepui and Sororopén-tepui, 1915. T.r. duidae—VENEZUELA: cerros Duida and Paraque, 2815; Cerro Driidaw2 oo, tO: Cerro Paru. 9 ¢, 2 ¢. juv., 1. 9, 2 (2); Cerro Huachamacare, 5 6, 4 9, 5 (%). T.r. yavii VENEZUELA: ecerros Sarisarifiama and Yavi, 215; Cerro Guanay, 3 6,3 9,3 (%). T. r. wetmorei—_VENEZUELA: Cerro de la Neblina, 5 ¢ (ine. type), Se Ort (8). Turdus olivater kemptoni, new subspecies Type: From Cerro de la Neblina, headwaters of the Rio Yatéa, Terri- torio Amazonas, Venezuela; 1800: meters. No. 60204, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected January 30, 1954, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Differs from JT. o. roraimae Salvin and Godman, T. o. duidae Chapman and T. o. paraquensis Phelps and Phelps, Jr., by darker abdomen, more grayish brown, less yellowish ochraceous; from T. 0. olivater (liafresnaye) of northern Venezuela the male differs greatly by lacking the extensive solid black throat; and from T. o. sanctae- martae (Todd) and T. 0. caucae (Chapman) of Colombia by darker upper and lower parts. Range: Known only from Cerro de la Neblina in the Subtropical Zone at altitudes from 950 to 1850 meters, in forest and open serrubby country. Description of Type: Top and sides of head black with a slight brown- ish tint; back and uropygium Brownish Olive X Light Brownish Olive; chin brownish black, merging into the Light Brownish Olive throat which is heavily streaked with brownish black; breast Light Brownish Olive, the sides and flanks more Buffy Brown; abdomen more buffy; thighs and under tail-coverts Mummy Brown, the latter very faintly margined with light brown. Wings Fuscous X Benzo Brown; primaries 1 Chapman. Am. Mus. Nov., No. 380, p. 22, 1929. 4° Wor number and sex see Phelps and Phelps, Jr., Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 62, pp. 118-119, June 20, 1949. 120 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington narrowly edged with grayish olive; secondaries and tertials heavily margined with brownish olive uniform with back; primary wing-coverts dusky olive; outer webs of greater coverts, and entire lesser coverts, brownish olive uniform with back; under wing-coverts and axillaries buffy olive. Tail Bone Brown, paler on under surface. Bill (in life) ‘‘orange yellow’’; feet ‘‘brownish yellow’’; iris *brown.’’ Wing, 125.5 mm.; tail, 105; exposed culmen 22; culmen from base, 28; tarsus, 35. Sexes unlike in color; male has longer wings and tail; size similar to duidae. Range of measurements: five adult males (ine. type)—wing, 125-130 (127.5) mm.; tail, 102-107 (104.4); eulmen from base, 26-28 (26.9); five adult females—wing, 119-124 (121.4); tail, 96-102 (98.4); culmen from base, 26-28 (27). Measurements of duwidae from Cerro Duida, in American Museum of Natural History16: wing, 122-133 (126); tail, 102-119 (109); eculmen from base, 25-28.5 (27.1). Female differs in color from male by having a less blackish head, more olivaceous; the throat is less heavily striped and the breast is paler. A large collection of fresh topotypical skins of T. 0. roraimae, from Mt. Roraima, made after the original description of TZ. o. ptaritepus Phelps and Phelps, Jr.17, shows that ptaritepui is not different from roraimae, 80 we Synonymize it. We dedicate this new bird to our friend Dr. James H. Kempton, who accompanied us to Cerro de la Neblina. The vast field experience of this eminent agricultural expert and his good humored companionship contributed greatly to the success of the expedition. Specimens Examined T. o. roraim—VENEZUELA: ecerros Roraima, 31 6,9 37, 16 9, 1 (?); Cuquenan, 14 6, 10 9; Uei-tepui, 19 ¢, 1 ¢ Juv. 11 Q, 1 2 juv., 1 (?), 1 (?) juv.; Ptari-tepui, 1 6,1 djuv., 6 2 ; Sororopan- tepui, 1 2; Chimantd-tepui, 2 ¢, 6 92; Uaipdn-tepui, 10 ¢, 9 9; Aprada-tepui, 10 6,7 9, 4 (?); Auyan-tepui, 4 67,1 9,1 97. T. o. duidae—VENEZUELA: cerros Duida, 2 6, 767, 49,7 27; Huachamacare, 5 ¢, 3 2, 1 (2); Yavi, 18°¢, 1 & juv., 8) = Pare, a) G5 ei Sc T. o. paraquensis VENEZUELA: Cerro Paraque, 7 6,7 9,1 (?). T. o. kemptoni—VENEZUELA: Cerro de la Neblina, Territorio Ama- zonas, 9 ¢@ (ine. type), 12 9. T. o. olivater—_ VENEZUELA: Zulia: La Sabana, Perija, 3 ¢,1 9, 1 (#); Kunana, 1 ¢; Cerro Pejochaina, 2 ¢; Barranquilla, 1 ¢. TAchira: Las Delicias, Paramo de Tama region, 1 2. Falcon: San Luis, 2 6; Curimagua, 5 6,1 (?). Lara: Cerro El Cerrén, 5 6,1 ¢ juv., 32; Cerro El Cogollal, 1 ¢,1 @ juyv.; Cubiro,1 ¢ juv.,1 9. Barinas: Altamira, 2 ¢. Yaracuy: Buearal, 1 ¢. Carabobo: Sierra de Carabobo, 2 6 juv., 1 2 juv.; Cumbre de Valencia’, 5 6, 2 9. Aragua: Colonia Tovar, 5 6,1 92,2 927; Cerro Golfo Triste, 1 (?). Distrito Federal: El Junquito, 10 6,1 9; Galipin’, 4 6, 2 2; Cotiza, 1 9%. Miranda: Curupao, 3 6; Cerro Negro, 1 (?). 16 See Chapman Am. Mus. Nov., No. 380, pp. 23, 24, Oct. 21, 1929. 1 See Descripcién de Cuatro Aves Nuevas de los cerros Paraque y Ptari-tepui y Notas sobre Bubulcus ibis, Myioborus cardonai y Platycichla leucops. Bol. Soc. Ven. Cien. Nat., No. 67, pp. 231-232, 1946. Phelps and Phelps—Seven New Birds from Venezuela 121 T. 0. sanctae-martae.—COLOMBIA: Valparaiso, Santa Marta’, 3 ¢, 2) EAC T. 0. caucae-—COLOMBIA’: Cauca: La Sierra, 1 ¢, 1 2; Cauea, LS. Chlorospingus canigularis canigularis (Lafresnaye) Tachyphonus canigularis Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 11, p. 11, 1848. (‘‘Bogota’’.) Taéchira: 1 6,1 92, Cerro El Teteo, Burgua; 1250 meters. These specimens constitute an extension of range of the species from the western slopes of the Hastern Andes of Colombia to the south- eastern approaches to the Paramo de Tama, in the Venezuelan Andes, about 25 kilometers from the Colombian boundary. They were compared with 14 specimens from Colombia in the American Museum of Natural History. Atlapetes personatus jugularis, new subspecies Type: From Cerro de la Neblina, headwaters of the Rio Yatia, Terri- torio Amazonas, Venezuela; 1800 meters. No. 60339, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected January 30, 1954, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to A. p. duwidae Chapman, of Cerros Duida and Guaiquinima, from which it differs, as well as from A. p. parui Phelps and Phelps, Jr., of Cerro Part, by lighter rufous throat; from the other races of personatus differs more greatly because it has the rufous color entirely covering the throat and breast. Range: Known only from Cerro de la Neblina. Description of Type: Top and sides of head and nape Chestnut, merg- ing into the Burnt Sienna of throat and breast; back and uropygium black, the upper tail-coverts faintly tinged with olivaceous. Abdomen Lemon Chrome merging into the dusky olivaceous sides, flanks, thighs and axillaries; under tail-coverts dusky edged with yellowish olive. Remiges Fuscous and Benzo Brown with under surface paler and outer vanes lightly edged externally with brownish white; margins of inner vanes pale grayish; upper wing-coverts black; bend of wing Chrome Yellow; under wing-coverts grayish. Tail black. Bill (in life) ‘‘black, base brown’’; feet ‘‘blackish brown’’; iris ‘“chestnut brown.’’ Wing, 80 mm.; tail, 83; exposed culmen, 14.5; culmen from base, 16.5; tarsus, 29. Remarks: Sexes alike in color but females have shorter wings and tail. Size similar to dwidae. Range of measurements: five adult males— wing, 80-82.5 (80.7) mm.; tail, 80-84 (82.4); culmen from base, 16.5- 17.5 (17); three adult females—wing, 71-76.5 (74.4) ; tail, 71-79 (74.7) ; culmen from base (2), 17, 17. Measurements of duidae, from Mt. Duida?: five adult males—wing, 77-80 (79.2); tail, 79-88 (81.8); culmen from base, 16-17 (16.8); three adult females—wing, 74-83 (76.2) ; tail, 70-79 (75.2); culmen from base, 17-17(17). Remarks: Description of juvenile. Top of head mixed brownish, chestnut and olivaceous instead of Chestnut; back brownish, mottled with black, instead of black; chin and throat largely yellowish olive mixed with some of the Burnt Sienna of breast. 122 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Specimens Examined A. p. personatus—VENEZUELA: cerros Roraima, 1018, 20 6, 18 9, 6 (%); Cuquenin, 9 $,9 9, 3 (?); Ptari-tepui, 2218; Sororop4An- tepui, 2 2 ; Chimantaé-tepui, 2818; Aprada-tepui, 1118; Acop4én-tepui, 618. A. p. collaris VENEZUELA: Cerro Auyan-tepui, 1 9. A. p. paraquensis—VENEZUELA: cerros Paraque, 1618; Camani, 5 S23). 9 it CY), Lijguvid(?) :/Guanay: Lr 6e5 582 4G: A. p. parwi.—VENEZUELA: Cerro Para, 2418, A. p. duidae—VENEZUELA: ecerros Duida, 1 ¢,7 67,1 92,3 97, 1 (?)7; Guaiquinima, 2418, A. p. jugularis —VENEZUELA: Cerro de la Neblina, 8 ¢ (ine. type), OD Oe yuve ONG? eno eva?) Zonotrichia capensis inaccessibilis, new subspecies Type: From Cerro de la Neblina, headwaters of the Rio Yatia, Terri- torio Amazonas, Venezuela; 1900 meters. No. 60345, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected January 20, 1954, by W. H. Phelps, Jr. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Differs from all races of Z. capensis by darker, purer gray, less brownish, breast, sides and flanks. Nearest to Z. ce. maccon- nelli Sharpe, of the summit of Mt. Roraima, from which it differs addi- tionally by a more extensive and darker chestnut collar; the striping of back, and margins of tertials and upper wing-coverts more rufous; and longer bill. From Z. c. roraimae (Chapman), of Bolivar and Terr. Amazonas, differs as above and additionally by larger size and more extensively black crown. Range: Known only from Cerro de la Neblina in the Subtropical Zone. Description of Type: Top of head black with wide median stripe of dark gray, narrower on forehead; prominent lighter gray superciliary stripe extending from bill to neck; auricular stripes black; rest of face dusky gray, speckled with whitish under the eyes; a wide prominent collar, extending from sides of breast over the neck, Sanford’s Brown; feathers of back blackish, heavily margined with brownish; uropygium more olivaceous than Mouse Gray. Throat white, the sides faintly speckled with grayish; lower throat with a wide black collar partially broken in the center; breast nearest to Light Grayish Olive; sides and flanks more brownish olive; abdomen whitish; under tail-coverts olivace- ous brownish heavily margined with whitish. Remiges Benzo Brown, lightly margined externally with grayish; tertials and greater wing- coverts black, heavily margined externally with Burnt Sienna, the latter tipped with grayish; lesser wing-coverts black prominently margined with whitish; under wing-coverts and axillaries grayish white. Feathers of tail Benzo Brown on inner vanes, dusky brown on outer ones, nar- rowly margined with grayish except on outermost. Bill (in life) ‘‘dark horn color’’; feet ‘‘dark brown’’; iris ‘‘brown.’’ Wing, 69.5 mm.; tail, 65; exposed culmen, 13; culmen from base, 16.5; tarsus, 22.5. Remarks: Sexes similar in color but males have longer wings and tail. Size similar to macconnelli but with longer bill. Range of mea- 3 18 For number and sex see Phelps and Phelps, Jr., Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 63, p. 47, April 26, 1950. Phelps and Phelps—Seven New Birds from Venezuela 123 surements: four adult males (ine. type)—wing, 69.5-71 (70.1) mm.; tail, 62-65 (63.7); eculmen from base, 16.5-17.5 (17.1); two adult females—wing, 65, 67; tail (1), 59; culmen from base (1), 16.5. Mea- surements of macconnelli: one adult male—wing, 72; tail, 64; culmen from base, 15; two males!9—wing, 71, 71; tail, 65, 65; two adult females—wing, 68, 69; culmen from base, 15, 15; two females!9—wing, 67, 71; tail, 61, 65. Measurements of roraimae, from Mt. Roraima: five adult males—wing, 65-67 (66.2); tail, 57-60 (58.6); culmen from base, 14-15 (14.5); five adult females—wing, 62-62.5 (62.1); tail, 53-56 (54); culmen from base, 13.5-15 (14.1). Description of juvenile male. Differs from the adult by dusky brown- ish crown, instead of black, with center stripes ill defined and more brownish; nuchal collar narrow and ill defined, buffy brown with dusky stripes; the large black spots on sides of throat are lacking, the entire under parts being whitish with yellowish tint on abdomen, the throat with small dusky spots, the breast sides and flanks heavily striped with blackish and the abdomen almost without stripes. The Brazilian specimen of roraimae from the Rio Cotinga, listed below, was collected by Pinkus29 on the headwaters of that river near the base of Mt. Roraima. The summit of Cerro Uei-tepui, approximately 2000 meters, is on the boundary between Brazil and Venezuela; the same boundary east of Santa Elena de Uairén, where other Brazilian specimens were collected, has an altitude of 1000 meters. Specimens Examined Z. ¢. costaricensis VENEZUELA: Tachira: 28; Mérida: 30; Tru- jillo: 17; Lara: 7. Z. c. venezuelae— VENEZUELA: Zulia: cerros Pejochaina, Perij4, 2 6,2 9, 4 (%); Tetari, 1 @. Yaracuy: 1; Aragua: 9; Distrito Federal: 18; Miranda: 1; Monagas: 11. Z. c. roraimae.—_ VENEZUELA: Bolivar: Arabopé, 5 ¢, 3 @; Ka- banayén, 5 6,1 92, 1 (?); Santa Elena de Uairén, 1 6,1 ¢ juv.; cerros Roraima, 16 6, 14 9,1 (?); Uei-tepui, 15 6,3 ¢ juv., 18 9, 1 (2); Cuquen4n, 9 6,8 9,1 (?); Paurai-tepui, 4 6,1 ¢ juv.,3 9, 3 (?); Ptari-tepui, 1 ¢, 1 2; Sororopdn-tepui, 1 9; Acop4én-tepui, 3 6,1 2; Upuigma-tepui, 5 ¢, 3 (?); Uaipan-tepui, 14 3, 14 9, 1 (2), 3 juv.; Auyan-tepui, 3 6, 4 9; Guaiquinima, 5 6,3 9,1 (?). Terr. Amazonas: cerros Yavi, 1 9; Guanay, 19 6, 11 92, 8 (?%). BRAZIL: Rio Cotinga, 1 ¢; Cerro Uei-tepui, boundary on summit, 1 ¢ ; boundary, east of Santa Elena de Uairén, 5 6,1 64 juv.; Uacara, on the Rio Negro?1, 1 97. BRITISH GUIANA: Arabaru River, 2 2,1 (?). Z. c. macconnellui~VENEZUELA: Bolivar: Cerro Roraima, summit, Hee ee Gh Oe BO F, Z. c. inaccessibilis—VENEZUELA: Terr. Amazonas: Cerro de la Neblina, 4 ¢ (ine. type), 1 6 juv., 2 Q. 19 Specimens in American Museum of Natural History. See Chapman, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 341, p. 6, 1929. 20 See Phelps, Resumen de las Colecciones Ornitolégicas hechas en Venezuela. Bol. Soe. Ven. Cien. Nat., 61, Oct.-Dec., 1944, p. 397. : 21Hor remarks on this specimen collected near Santa Isabel, about 200 kilo- meters SE of Cerro de la Neblina, see Chapman, Post Glacial History of Zonotri- chia capensis. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 77, Art. 8, p. 398, Dec., 1940. 124 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington ( Nova7 ics J ce v @ 1°55 x LIBRARY Vol. 68, pp. 125-128 —————""——s October 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW TROPIDUCHID FROM JAPAN (HOMOPTERA: FULGOROIDEA) By R. G. Fennan The genus Trichoduchus comprises three species, pilosus (Horv.) from South Europe, bierman1 Damm. from Java, and china Wu (= biermant Muir not Damm.) from Macao, China. Our knowledge is based on extremely few specimens— not more than half a dozen in the case of the asiatic species— but it is evident that both brachypterous and macropterous forms oceur, and that macropterous forms vary in the in- tensity of tegminal pigmentation. The fortunate capture of a pair of Trichoduchus in Japan by Dr. P. W. Oman has greatly extended the known range of the genus. His specimens, which have been deposited in the U. S. National Museum, are described below. Thanks are tendered to Dr. Oman and Dr. David Young for the privilege of examining this rare material. Trichoduchus Bierm. Bierman 1910 Nat. Mus. Leyd. 33:28. Haplotype, T. biermani Damm. loc. cit.: 29. Trichoduchus japonicus sp. n. (Fig. 1) Vertex between basal angles as broad as long in middle line; elypeus with a subconical prominence near its middle. Posttibiae with two spines laterally, seven apically; basal metatarsal joint with four spines and one subspinose elevation. Ochraceous yellow; head and thorax marked with fuscous brown as shown in figures; thoracic pleurites fuscous with edges narrowly pale stramineous, femora coarsely speckled and tibiae twice ringed with fuscous, abdomen fuscous except at lateral margins. Tegmina (brachyp- terous) fuscous-piceous; about fifteen cuneiform spots around margin from base of costa to apex of elavus, three or four narrow transverse bars in basal third of cell Sc + R, a narrow transverse bar and a quadrate area in basal third of discal cell M, an irregular area between Cu 1 and claval suture, and about five small areas in clavus, three of them along posterior margin, hyaline. Veins concolorous with ground. Wings absent. Anal segment of male short, apical margin transverse, anal foramen at middle. Pygofer moderately broad, posterolateral margins shallowly convex. Aedeagus with phallus long, narrowly tubular, weakly sigmoid, surrounded in its basal sixth by a membranous collar (phallobase) from which arises on left a slender filament which lies alongside phallus to 20—Proc. Biou. Soc. WASH., Vou. 68, 1955 (125) OCT 2 + san, 126 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington its apex, and a rather stouter ventral median subfilamentous process lying below phallus. Genital styles irregularly trapezoidal with ventral margin longest and dorsal margin shortest, apical margin very oblique; dorsal margin bearing a short vertical lobe near base, and distally a hook-like process, directed laterad, and a ledge-like flange on imner face arising at same level as this process. Female genitalia as figured. Male: length, 3.1 mm.; tegmen (brachypterous), 2.8 mm. Female: length, 3.5 mm.; tegmen (brachypterous), 3.0 mm. Holotype male of species and one female, Japan: Honshu, Kyoto, Oct. 5, 1951, Oman. This material differs from TZ. pilosus (Horv.) in the proportions of the vertex, and from 7. biermani Damm. and T. china Wu in tegminal venation and markings. It agrees to some extent with the incomplete deseription of 7. china but most of the points of agreement are prob- ably of generic value: this is almost certainly so with the female geni- talia. It differs from T. china in the pigmentation on the frons and thorax, and in the pallid markings of the tegmina: these in J. china have yellow veins on a dark ground and three round yellowish spots, one in each of the first and second median cells and a third over the radius, as in J. biermani. It is perhaps worth adding that although 7. biermani and T. china are here accepted at their nominal value as distinct species, the differ- ences between them have never been explicitly stated and cannot be satisfactorily inferred from the descriptions. ae Fennah—New Tropiduchid from Japan 127 a HWW /) ea | ! { Ms Hal ) y m 7 i) I) A MN oy | ‘ Hp h y fi (Lm . ; a i if ay 128 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington meee Oo SO tN AAV @ WAS tele Geen \ \ NOV17 qc55 ) ae ipa bes hd Vol. 68, pp. 129-142 —— i October 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE FAMILY CLAUSIIDAE (COPEPODA, CYCLOPOIDA) By MILpreD STRATTON WILSON Arctic Health Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska and Pauu L. Iuue University of Washington There has crept into the literature on poecilostome Cyclo- poida a misconcept of the family Clausiidae. This seems in part, at least, to be traceable to the fact that in his diagnosis of this group, G. O. Sars (1918) did not sufficiently clarify its status, and some workers gained the impression that he was erecting a new family. To what extent he was aware of the discussions in the literature, it is not possible to judge. His own discussion is very brief. He mentions Clausia as the type of the family, refers to it his new genus Conchocheres, and suggests that Myicola Wright might also be included in the group. Monod and Dollfus (1932) in their important and useful summary of the copepod parasites of Mollusca, considered that Sars was the author of this family. They added to it a few other genera, and stated that it is evidently closely allied to the Ergasilidae. In a later paper of this series (1934) they pointed out that the family was poorly defined and perhaps not a natural group, because one of the characters accepted as fundamental by them and Sars, that is, the absence of the maxilliped in the female, might be a generic character. C. B. Wilson (1932) had referred Myicola to the Lichomolgidae, and influenced by this, Monod and Dollfus suggested that the Clausiidae might in time be absorbed by the Lichomolgidae. Yamaguti (1936) created, without diagnosis, a family Myicolidae, in which he placed Myicola and Pseudomyicola, a new genus. To the Clausiidae he referred, without comment, several other Japanese genera and species commensal in Mollusca. There has thus grown up a concept of the family Clausiidae based upon the premises that Sars is its author, that it is comprised of mol- lusk parasites or commensals, that the female lacks the maxilliped, and that it is closely allied to the Ergasilidae and Lichomolgidae. The facts, however, are quite different. It is necessary only to trace the references to the type genus, Clausia, through the literature, to find that the fam- 21—-Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (129) OCT's 5 t055 130 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington ily was instituted by Giesbrecht, that it is composed of copepods mostly associated with annelids, that the maxilliped is present in the female, and that the opinion is held that the group is most closely allied to the Clausidiidae. Clausia lubbockii was described by Claparéde in 1863 from specimens collected in a plankton tow. Giesbrecht (1893) redesecribed the species from a specimen found in a vial containing marine annelids that oc- curred on oyster shells. Since the characters of the copepod exhibit the modifications and reductions characteristic of annelid commensals, he was probably correct in assuming that the association with the worms was not incidental. Giesbrecht’s description and illustrations are most excellent, providing the details of all the significant appendages. He refers to those of the oral area as mandible, the first maxilla, the second maxilla, and the maxilliped. This latter appendage is of a reduced na- ture, unsegmented, insignificant in size and armed apically only with hairs. In the description of a new genus Seridiwm, Giesbrecht (1895) point- ed out that it was closely allied to Clausia and to Rhodinicola Levinsen (1878), and stated that (p. 226) ‘‘diese drei Anneliden Parasiten zu einer engeren systematischen Gruppe (Familie Clausiidae) zusammenzu- fassen waren.’’ The family is thus attributable to Giesbrecht (1895) not to Sars (1918). Only two authors have referred directly to Giesbrecht’s work— Gravier (1912 and C. B. Wilson (1923). Gravier (p. 67) discussed Giesbrecht’s interpretation of the family and added to it his genus Bactropus. Wilson referred to the works of Giesbrecht and Gravier and added to their lists a new genus Pherma which had been collected from the parapodia of an unnamed annelid. Chronologically, Sars’ diagnosis of the Clausiidae follows Gravier’s paper. Throughout his monumental work on the crustacea of Norway, he did not trace the synonymy of families, and it is not always easy to tell even if the family is newly created. In the case of the Clausiidae at least this has been unfortunate. Sars’ diagnosis is very broad and in many ways indefinite, as seen particularly in his meaningless description of the mouth parts: ‘‘Oral parts more or less imperfectly developed; the posterior maxillipeds being in female rudimentary or quite absent.’’ By ‘‘rudimentary’’ he undoubtedly referred only to those of Clausia, by ‘‘absent’’ to the condition in his new genus Conchocheres. His de- scription of the posterior antenna as being ‘‘distinctly prehensile’’ is somewhat questionable in the case of Clausia. The combined armature of severai weak, somewhat modified claws and long setae seems to make the term ‘‘subprehensile’’ more appropriate. None of these authors referred to the genus Mesnilia Canu (1898). Canu did not assign Mesnilia to the Clausiidae, but did point out its undoubted resemblance to Clausia. It rather appears that he may not have been aware that Giesbrecht had established this family two years before. His suggestion (p. 402) that Clausia cluthae T. and A. Scott (1896) should be included in Mesnilia rather than in Clausia has some merit, although as he emphasized, the knowledge of the oral appendages of this species is imperfect (see below, p. —). Mesnil and Caullery (1916) further pointed out the similarity of ant r o Thy Wilson and Illg—The Family Clausudae 131 Mesnilia martinensis to Clausia lubbockit. They followed Canu in not referring to the family Clausiidae, or to Giesbrecht’s paper on the genus Seridium. Their work is of importance in establishing as host of Mes- nilia martinensis, the annelid, Polydora flava. The references reviewed above constitute the only discussions of the family Clausiidae of which we have knowledge in the literature. It seems desirable that consideration should be given here to the diagnosti¢ char- acters of the family so far as they can be ascertained, and to the gen- era that have been, correctly or incorrectly, assigned to the family. Diagnostie Characters of the Clausiidae Giesbrecht did not give a formal diagnosis of the family that he had proposed, but in comparing the females of the three genera he drew together in this group, he mentioned the characters he considered basic in showing their relationship. These, which may be taken as outlining the original concept of the family, are: Structure of the body. Similarity of the posterior antennae and mouth parts. Reduction of the thoracic legs in varying degrees. Association with the Annelida. In presenting here a diagnosis of the family we do so with certain reservations. The genera are restricted to those which are most ade- quately described, and the characters include those considered basic by Giesbrecht, except for the structure of the body. The genera of which Giesbrecht had knowledge possessed a similar elongate body, but since it is likely that these similarities could be due to convergence as well as to phylogeny, this cannot be considered a family character. Indeed, it is questionable, at least among the poecilostome Cyclopoida, whether body form is ever more than a specific character. Further, the desira- bility of reexamination of all the genera and species concerned, is ree- ognized. A truly comprehensive diagnosis can be presented only upon the actual and accurate comparison of specimens of the species involved. In the meantime, the following diagnosis gives a summary of characters upon which pertinent discussion can be based. Family CLAUSIIDAE Giesbrecht 1895 Diagnosis (emended).—Antenules short, 4-6 segmented. Antenna 3- or 4-segmented, the two terminal segments armed with setae and sub- prehensile claws of varying number and size; the terminal segment showing a definite tendency to reduction and in some cases to an offset lateral position. Mandible reduced in size, with a posteriorly directed terminal claw or modified ‘‘cutting’’ portion, with or without other accessory pieces or setae. The first maxilla stouter or more reduced than the mandible, a simple, elongate lobe bearing setae placed in one or two groups; its basal attachment more laterally situated than that of the mandible from which it is clearly distinct. The second maxilla and the maxilliped varying among the genera. Second maxilla bimerous, the basal segment tending to great expansion, terminal segment a stout claw or a modified claw. Maxilliped present in the female, of a single unmodified segment armed apically with hairs or spinules (Clausia) or a simple claw (Teredicola) or of 3 or 4 well-defined segments with an 132 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington apical (Rhodinicola ?) or subapical claw and terminal knob (Seridium) or a platelike development of the apex (Mesnilia). The maxilliped in the only known male (Yeredicola) with a long terminal claw. Legs 1-4 showing various degrees of reduction, both in size of the appendage and segmentation of the rami, some pairs may be completely absent; leg 5 varying in size and segmentation, not always present (see Table I). Known genera associated with Annelida and Mollusca (Teredinidae). Family type.—Clausia Claparéde. Included genera.—Clausia, Seridium, Mesnilia, Teredicola. Inadequately known: Rhodinicola. Discussion of the Genera There is no question about the inclusion of Clausia and Seridiwm in the Clausiidae since Giesbrecht built the original family concept on his knowledge of these genera. Canu pointed out the undoubted resemblance of Mesnilia to Clausia and it is included here without qualification be- cause it exhibits the important family characters of the antenna, the mandible and the legs. Such differences as exist may be found upon further investigation to be specific rather than generic in nature. The most striking difference is the structure of the female maxilliped, an appendage exhibiting considerable variability throughout this group of genera. Since it is the character that has been most misinterpreted, it is well to stress that this appendage is rudimentary only in Clausia lubbockit. The inclusion of Teredicola C. B. Wilson needs some qualification and furthermore is dependent upon the correction of some errors in the de- scription of the type and only known species, Teredicola typica. C. B. Wilson (1942, 1944) has wrongly interpreted the segmentation of the body in the female, showing the ovisacs as attached to the segment posterior to the actual genital somite. This error has been corrected in an illustration, without comment, by Edmondson (1945, fig. 1) who shows not only the correct position but the distinctive membranous process by which the ovisacs are attached to the genital opening. Gies- brecht has noted a similar process in Seridium. The antenule is 5-, not 6-segmented. The mandible and first maxilla were not mentioned by Wilson, and though he has accurately described the second maxilla and maxilliped, the drawing of one of these (probably the maxilliped) has been mislabeled ‘‘second antenna’’ (C. B. Wilson, 1942, fig. 1¢). Ac- tually, he neglected to figure the antenna which is closely similar to that of the other well defined genera of the Clausiidae. A single claw is borne on an extended portion of the penultimate segment and a group of stiff setae on the small laterally offset apical segment. The mandible has in addition to a broad terminal serrate blade, two dorsally placed accessory pieces, one a stout seta, the other a somewhat flattened foliate structure. The maxilliped of the male is different from that of the fe- male, having two well developed basal segments and an elongate apical elaw. Both sexes have two pairs of extremely small legs with 2-seg- mented rami (Table I). Teredicola typica differs from the other Clausiidae in having the forepart of the body of the female exceedingly swollen. This does not Wilson and Illg—The Family Claustidae 133 exclude it from the group since, as pointed out above, body form is not a family character. The second antenna with its combined armature of setae and single claw; the shortened mandible with its backwardly directed terminal piece; the elongate but simple first maxilla, inserted far laterally to the base of the mandible; and the reduction of the legs are all unmistakable clausiid characters. The armature of the mandible is more complex than the simpler structure shown for Clausia lubbockii by Giesbrecht or for Mesnilia martinensis by Canu. In this respect alone, Teredicola appears more closely allied to the Clausidiidae. Since the copepod commensals of the Annelida have been little investi- gated, it is hardly surprising that Rhodinicola elongata Levinsen (1878) has not been redeseribed. We have followed Giesbrecht in including Rhodinicola in the list of clausiid genera, but with reservations. It is not absolutely certain that the species would be recognlizable from Levinsen’s description. Nor can it with any more certainty be in- cluded in the family because the details of the second antenna and man- dible are lacking, and the first maxilla has been entirely omitted in the illustrations. The mandible is shown. as an unsegmented, posteriorly directed blade. The second maxilla is of simple structure with a stout apical claw, as in Teredicola; the maxilliped is composed of four slender segments. The legs are extremely reduced in size, but are described as having the rami completely segmented, differing in this respect from the other genera, (see Table I). Giesbrecht suggested that Donusa Nordmann (1864) might be synony- mous with Rhodinicola. Such an opinion is hardly acceptable in view of the inadequate knowledge of both genera, and some probable inac- euracies in Nordmann’s description. According to Nordmann, legs 1-4 are biramose with trimerous rami, which would agree with Rhodinicola. His further statement that leg 5 is biramose with 3-segmented rami was considered questionable by Giesbrecht (1895, p. 225). Certainly all the information accumulated since Nordmann, justifies Giesbrecht’s objec- tion because no copepod except in the Calanoida has ever been found with biramous fifth legs. It is difficult to understand why C. B. Wilson in his study of the Dichelesthiidae (1922) should have characterized Nordmann’s description and figures as ‘‘clear-cut and decisive’’ and should have accepted this obviously fantastic condition. In placing the genus in the Dichelesthiidae, he undoubtedly followed Nordmann who had referred Donusa to this group. Nordmann emphasized that the second antenna of Donusa was not developed into a ‘‘ Klammerapparat’’ as in Lamproglena (Dichelesthiidae), a point which makes it seem likely that relationship to the highly modified dichelesthiid group is not tenable. It must be concluded that neither the systematic position of Donusa nor the identity of its type species can be resolved until the form is again collected and identified with certainty. In comparing the known annelid parasites having elongate bodies, Giesbrecht also referred to the genus Sabellacheres M. Sars (1861). He pointed out that List (1890) had suggested that this genus is very close to or congeneric with Gastrodelphys. The only knowledge of Sabellacheres is from the original brief Latin diagnosis which though obscurely formulated seems to bear out the opinion of List. Certainly there is no evidence for its inclusion in the Clausiidae, and it is not 134 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington SUIYOV[ DOT 6 6 Byos puv qouy 0} poonpor Suryovy, doy] Suryovy, Soy Z Z 0 § 0 $ € § § § 6 & € § I 6 [ 6 I G T § I 6 G 6 Bjos pue qouy 0} poonper 0 T Z e opue oxo opue oxo opua oxo b 8a] ¢ Bory B sory podh, vloovpasa J, SISUIWIQLDW DISA TT opue pipbuoja vloovumpoyy T 8orT wnsobns wniprtas avyynjo pisnnigO uqooqqn, visnv19 BVPIISNV[D oY} JO SseTT Ul SJuSUISeG JO IOquINyy ‘TI WidVi Wilson and Illg—The Family Clausiidae 135 believed that Giesbrecht intended so to infer. The inelusion in the Clausiidae of Bactropus Gravier, Pherma C. B. Wilson, and Conchocheres G. O. Sars, would require modification of the restricted definition given above. These genera are regarded by us as possible members of the group, but their inclusion requires further de- scription or clarification of pertinent appendages. The reduction of the urosome in Bactropus and Pherma hardly appears a valid reason for excluding them from the family, and it is not so construed. Bactropus cystopomati should be readily recognizable from Gravier’s description. But since it does have some unusual features, it would be well to know in more detail the exact structure of the oral appendages, particularly the mandible, before its familial position is determined. The same ap- plies to Pherma, which indeed, it would be impossible to assign to any family, since C. B. Wilson omitted a description of the oral appendages. Here it should be noted that a genus proposed later by Wilson (Pestifer, 1944) has a superficial resemblance to Pherma in body form and the structure of the antennule (first antenna) and the possible congeneracy of the two should be investigated. Wilson referred Pestifer to the Clausidiidae, but here again evidence of familial position is lacking be- cause the oral appendages were not described. Similar reasons apply to Conchocheres. The lateral extensions of the cephalic somite, the unreduced condition of legs 1-4, the absence of the maxilliped in the female, and its association with a mollusk rather than an annelid, are not necessarily great enough differences to exclude the genus. There is, however, a basic concept in Sars’s interpretation of the relationship of the first two pairs of oral appendages that is in con- tradiction to the facts of structure observed by us and other authors who have examined the recognized genera of this family. He has sub- seribed throughout his work to the premise that in the Poecilostoma the lobelike structure called first maxilla by many other authors is only the palp of the first maxilla, and in his illustrations he has always shown this structure attached to the appendage considered by others as the mandible. In all other illustrations in the literature reviewed here, and in Teredicola which we have examined, these two structures are clearly distinct from one another. The form of the first maxilla in Teredicola is elongate and it arises laterally far beyond the discernible base of the mandible. In Conchocheres, the mandible (first maxilla of Sars) as pictured im situ, is directed posteriorly; the enlarged view shows it to be un- segmented, produced apically to a minute claw and armed with very small accessory spines. Such structures is not ergasilid or lichomolgid in nature, and it is recognized that this apparent simplicity might be interpreted as an example of reduction from the somewhat more de- veloped armature of the clausiid type. Such might also be true of the structure of the second antenna, whose terminal armature consists of a single, short, but very stout claw. The latter is, however, a noticeable departure from the basic clausiid antennal structure, which in combi- nation with the characters of the mandible and the lack of reduction in legs 1-4, may indicate that Conchocheres belongs to a different sys- tematic group. It would therefore be well that inclusion in or conse- quent modification of the family be reserved until reexamination of the 136 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington genus determines the actual relationship of the oral appendages. Even with exact knowledge, it will probably be necessary to await discovery and adequate elucidation of other related genera before a proper evalua- tion of these characters can be made. Of the genera that have been erroneously ascribed to the Clausiidae, either directly or by inference, the following dispositions may be made. Myicola R. R. Wright, referred to this family by Sars (1918) and Monod and Dollfus (1932), was placed in the Lichomolgidae by Pel- seneer (1928) and C. B. Wilson (1932) and, by inference, in a family Myicolidae, erected without diagnosis, by Yamaguti (1936). The sys- tematie position of Myicola is without doubt that ascribed to it by its author, who stated quite clearly (Wright, 1885, p. 120): ‘‘it occupies a position intermediate between Lichomolgus and Ergasilus.’’ A species described by Williams (1907) as Lichomolgus major and erroneously referred to Myicola by C. B. Wilson (1932) was placed in the Clausiidae by Monod and Dollfus (1934, p. 316). This species has been made the type of a new genus, Myocheres M. S. Wilson (1950). It is undoubtedly allied to the Clausiidae rather than to the Ergasilidae or Lichomolgidae. It has not here been placed in the Clausiidae because of the lack of reduction in the legs and the difference in the apical pieces of the mandible, which exhibit unique modifications. That it may form with other as yet unknown forms, a subdivision of the Clausidiidae, or a separate allied family, is possible. On the other hand, when more knowledge is available, the Clausiidae may come to be interpreted or modified in such a way as to include it. Monod and Dollfus (1932) included Mytilicola Steuer and Trochicola Dolifus. We hesitate to suggest any disposition of these highly modi- fied forms, but certainly they do not appear from present knowledge to be referable to the Clausiidae. The absence of the mandible and the maxilliped in the adult may well be only generic characters, but the large prehensile second antenna removes them from possible considera- tion as members of the Clausiidae. Hockley (1951) has deseribed the mandible of Mytilicola intestinalis in an early copepodid stage. The simplicity of its structure gives no indication of relationshp to other genera. In a recent paper, Humes (1954) has presented a good summary of the taxonomic studies on Mytilicola and has both illustrated and tabu- lated the specific differentiation within the genus. He raises the question of the seemingly possible congeneracy of Mytilicola and Trochicola. The inclusion of Lecanurius Kossmann (1877) as suggested by Monod and Dollfus (1932) cannot be justified on the basis of its description. The genera proposed by Pelseneer (1928), also suggested for inclusion by Monod and Dollfus (1932, footnote, p. 154), are inadequately de- seribed, the oral appendages and second antennae entirely unknown; their identity is establishable only from types or topotypes. This has been recently ably done for Tococheres cylindraceus by Stock (1954) who has placed the genus correctly in the clausidiidae. Stock further men- tions that Pelseneer’s types do not appear to be in existence. Panaietis Stebbing, originaly considered by Monod and Dollfus as a eclausiid, was more correctly assigned by them (1934) to the Lichomolgidae. Such a disposition is also more accurate for the genera Philoconcha and Para- philoconcha placed in the Clausiidae by their author, Yamaguti (1936). Wilson and Illg—The Family Clausudae 137 Both of these have a characteristic lichomolgid type mandible. T. Seott (1902) proposed a new genus and species, Pseudopsyllus elongatus, which he compared to Clausia. It is evident from the struc- ture of the maxilliped that the specimen described by Scott was a male, and not a female as he had supposed. This was the only oral appendage described so that the actual identity of Scott’s specimen is not determin- able, nor can it be judged if it represents a valid genus. The structure of the second antenna is of the eclausiid or clausidiid type. The legs are too well developed to admit the form to the Clausiidae in the present restricted definition. Systematic Position of the Clausiidae The supposed relationship of the Clausiidae to the Ergasilidae and Lichomolgidae has been based upon the erroneous interpretation that has recently been given to this family, and is not tenable. On the other hand, the recognition by Giesbrecht and Canu of structural similarities between the Clausiidae and the Clausidiidae has a basis in fact as well as considerable merit. These two authors have presented the most com- plete and seemingly accurate studies of the genera assignable to the Clausiidae. They have also studied quite thoroughly several examples of the family Clausidiidae. Canu has, in fact, presented in his paper establishing this family (Canu, 1888) not only a most complete and exacting study of his examples, but one of the most admirable and use- ful papers ever published in the field of the Copepoda. Giesbrecht (1893) in his redescription of Clausia lubbockii stated that Clausia, like Hersiliodes, shows relationship through the structure of both pairs of antennae, the maxilla and the mandible, to the Oncaeidae. Canu also commented on this. In his paper on Mesnilia (Canu, 1898) he recorded the genus thus: ‘‘Fam. incerta (Hersiliidae pars?)’’, and in discussion stated that ‘‘Mesnilia and Clausia approach in many points the Hersiliidae! and the Oncaeidae.’’ It appears to us that the Oncaei- dae present a rather confused complex of characters, some of which are primitive for the Poecilostoma, others highly derived planktonic modifi- cations, so that it would seem impossible to arrive at such a far reach- ing conclusion as these earlier workers did. The differences between the Clausiidae and Clausidiidae, however, are of a less encompassing nature, and there is doubtless a valid and close relationship between them. Indeed, further study may reveal intermediate conditions such as seem to exist in the mandible of Teredicola, so that copepod syste- matics may best be served by merging the two families or by establish- ing an inclusive higher category. The Clausiidae exhibit more evidences of reduction than is found in the commonly known genera of the Clausidiidae (Clausidium, Hemicy- clops, Hersiliodes). In spite of this, there are strong resemblances, par- ticularly in the second antenna with its tendency to reduction and offset position of the ultimate segment, and in the armature of the mandi- ble. It may be of systematic importance that in these two groups, the terminal portion of the mandible blade is more or less expanded and always strongly directed posteriorly. The modified apical pieces, some of which are always stout setae when more than one is present, do not all arise in exactly the same plane, but are instead attached to separate 1The Hersiliidae is the present day Clausidiidae, renamed by Embleton (1901). 138 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington lobes or arranged in an irregular series around the more or less thickened apex of the blade. This forms a striking contrast to the anteriorly directed, flattened blade of the well known Hrgasilus, of Myicola, and of the genera of the Lichomolgidae. Paragnaths, which are lacking in the Ergasilidae and Lichomolgidae, are present in the Clausidiidae. They have not been reported in the literature on the Clausiidae, but in two instances, their presence is sug- gested. In the illustration of the oral area of Mesnilia (Canu, 1898, pl. 8), the first maxilla is depicted as having an accessory lobe. Canu has described the appendage thus: ‘‘Les maxilles se composent d’une partie basilaire armée de deux soies courtes vers ]’intérieur et prolongée par un lobe distal saillant au-dessus de la base des mandibules et accom- pagné de trois soies en partie barbelées.’’ The illustration does not present any evidence that the three setae are part of the projecting lobe, and the question arises as to whether it is actually a part of the maxilla. Since Canu has so adequately recognized paragnaths in the Clausidiidae, one would expect him to interpret them correctly if they are present in Mesnilia. As this structure is so peculiar, however, it would be well that Mesnilia martinensis be reexamined for a more com- plete delineation of the first maxilla and the possible presence of paragnaths. Such study might be most instructive if direct comparison could be made with specimens of Clausia lubbockii which also has a comparatively large first maxilla. Canu (1898, p. 402) in suggesting that Clausia cluthae T and A. Scott (1896) might be referable to Mesnilia, pointed out that knowledge of the buccal appendages is imperfect. Examination of the illustrations of this species certainly bears this out, and we suggest that either the captions have been transposed, or that the appendages have been con- fused with one another in dissection. The magnification given for figure 7 (X 760) is much greater than that for the other figures so the ap- pendage must be smaller. From both this lesser size and its structure it seems likely that this figure represents the mandible, although it is labeled ‘‘anterior foot jaw’’ (second maxilla). Figure 5 is labeled mandible, but both structure and comparative size suggest that the lobe bearing the three setae is the first maxilla or a portion of it. The hairy lobe partially overlying the setiform structure may well represent a paragnath. Figure 6, labeled ‘‘maxilla’’ may be a modified terminal portion of the second maxilla or of the mavxilliped, similar to that de- picted for Mesnilia martinensis. When this species is reexamined the possibility of such confusion should be borne in mind. Structures interpretable as paragnaths have been found in Teredicola. These are simple, unornamented, lobed swellings jutting up from the ventral surface posterior to the mandible and filling the space just distad to the inner portion of the maxilla. Sinuous, ornamented paragnaths are present in a similar position in Myocheres major. The Need for Further Study In the discussions of the genera concerned in this review, it has been necessary to qualify the interpretation of, or suggest the need of further investigation of many structures and genera. It should be well recog- nized by all workers in the Poecilostoma that with such incomplete Wilson and Illg—The Family Clausudae 139 knowledge, it is impossible to delimit many of the genera in family groups. This appears to be the result of two circumstances: 1. The inadequacy of collections, suggesting that many forms are yet unknown. 2. The inadequacy of description, particularly of the details of the seemingly fundamental characters found in the cephalic appendages and the impinging structures of the buccal area. It is important, therefore, that the student of these copepods direct himself to careful and systematic collecting, and to precise, detailed study of the specimens. The proposal or acceptance of genera or species based only upon body shape, or upon appendages such as the antennule, the posterior oral appendages, and thoracic appendages, which appear to have a limited systematic importance, will always lead to confusion. We do not feel that we are being too exacting to suggest that no spe- cies or genus should be proposed without thorough delineation of all the appendages. Particular attention should be given to the exact de- tails of the antenna and the mandible. The buceal region should be studied both in situ and in dissection, for the relationships of the ap- pendages and the character of the surrounding structures, such as the labrum, labium, paragnaths and postoral protuberances are also of systematic importance. It is only through such description that we will gradually come to know these puzzling copepods well enough to derive the critical concepts necessary to delimit and establish higher categories. LITERATURE CITED Canu, Hugéne. 1888. Les copépodes marins du Boulonnais III. Les Hersiliidae, famille nouvelles de copépodes commensaux. Bull. Sci., France, Belgique. 19: 402-432, pls. 28-30. 1898. Note sur les copépodes et les ostracodes marins des cétes de Normandie. Bull. Soc. Amis Sci. Nat. Rouen. 33: 389-422, pls. 3-10. Claparéde, Edouard. 1863. Beobachtungen tiber Anatomie und Entwick- lungsgeschichte wirbelloser Thiere an der Ktiste von Normandie an- gestellt. Leipzig. 120 pp. 18 pls. Edmondson, Charles Howard. 1945. Natural enemies of shipworms in Hawaii. Trans. Amer. Micros. Soc. 64: 220-224, 1 pl. Embleton, Alice L. 1901. Goidelia japonica, a new entozoic copepod from Japan, associated with an infusorian (Trichodina). Jour. Lin- nean Soc. Zool. 28: 211--229, pls. 21-22. Giesbrecht, W. 1893. Mittheilungen tiber Copepoden. 1-6. Mitt. Zool. Sta. Neapel. 11: 56-106, pls. 5-7. 1895. Mittheilungen tiber Copepoden. 11. Ueber Seridium rugosum, einen neuen Anneliden-Parasiten. Mitt. Zool. Sta. Neapel. 12: 223-226, pl. 9, figs. 14-21. Gravier, Ch. 1912. Crustacés parasites. Deuxiéme Expédition Antare- tique Francaise (1908-1910) commandée par le Dr. Jean Charcot. pp. 27-77, Figs. A-B, and 1-60. Hockley, A. R. 1951. On the biology of Mytilicola intestinalis Steuer. Jour. Marine Biol. Assoc. 30(2): 223-232, figs. 1-3. Humes, Arthur G. 1954. Mytilicola povrecta n. sp. (Copepoda: Cyclo- poida) from the intestine of marine pelecypods. Jour. Parasitology. 40: 186-194, pls. 1-3. 140 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Kossmann, Robby. 1877. Zoologische Ergebnisse einer im Auftrage der K6niglichen Academie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin ausgefuhrten Reise in die Kiistengebiete des Rothen Meeres. Erste Halfte. IV. Entomostraca (1 Theil: Lichomolgidae). 24 pp. 6 pls. Leipzig. Levinsen, G. M. R. 1878. Om nogle parasitiske Krebsdyr, der snylte hos Annelider. Viden. Medd. naturhist. Forening Kjobenhavn, 1877, pp. 351-380, pl. 6. List, Joseph Heinrich. 1890. Das Genus Gastrodelphys. Zeit. Wiss. Zool. 49: 71-146, pls. 4-7. Mesnil, F. and M. Caullery. 1916. Notes biologiques sur les mares a Lithothamnion de la Hague. II. Sur l’habitat d’un copépode semi- parasite, Mesnilia martinensis Canu 1898. Bull. Soc. Zool. France for 1915. 40: 176-178, figs. 1-3. Monod, Théodore and Robert—Ph. Dollfus. 1932. Les copépodes para- sites de mollusques. Ann. Parasit. Hum. et Comp. 10 (2): 129-204, 30 figs. —______- ———————. 1934. Des copépodes parasites de mollusques (Deuxiéme Supplément). Ann. Parasit. Hum. et Comp. 12(4): 309- 321, 12 figs. Nordmann, Alexander v. 1864. Neue Beitrage zur Kenntniss Parasiticher Copepoden. Bull. Soc. Impér. Naturalistes Moscou. 37(4): 461-520, pls. 5-8. Pelseneer, Paul. 1928. Copépodes parasites de mollusques. Ann. Soe. Royale Belgique. 59: 33-49, figs. 1-5. Sars, Georg Ossian. 1913-1918. An Account of the Crustacea of Norway. Vol. 6. Copepoda Cyclopoida. 225 pp., pls. 1-118. Bergen Museum. Sars, Michael. 1861. Beretning om et nyt lernaealignende Krebsdyr, Sabellacheres gracilis, Sars. Vidensk. Selsk., Forhandl. i Christiania. pp. 141-143. Scott, T. 1902. Notes on gatherings of Crustacea collected by the fishery steamer ‘‘Garland,’’ and the steam Trawlers ‘‘Star of Peace’’ and ““Star of Hope,’’ of Aberdeen, during the year 1901. 20th Ann. Rept. Fish. Board Scotland for 1901, pp. 447-485, pls. 22-25. Scott, T. and A. 1896. On some new and rare British Crustacea. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6. 18: 1-8, plates 1-2. Stock, J. H. 1954. Re-description de Tococheres cylindraceus Pelseneer, 1929, Copépode commensal de Loripes lacteuws. Beaufortia. 4: 73-80, 23 figs. Willams, Leonard W. 1907. A list of the Rhode Island Copepoda, Phyllopoda, and Ostracoda with new species of Copepoda. 37th Ann. Rep. Comm. Inland Fisheries Rhode Island. Special Paper no. 30: 69-79, pls. 1-3. Wilson, Charles Branch. 1922. North American parasitic copepods be- longing to the family Dichelesthiidae. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 60(5): 1-100, pls. 1-13. 1923. A new genus and species of parasitic copepod from Lower California. Amer. Mus. Novit. no. 81, pp. 1-4, figs. 1-9. 1932. The copepods of the Woods Hole region, Massachu- setts. U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 158, 635 pp., 316 figs., 41 pls. Wilson and Illg—The Family Clausudae 141 1942. Description of a new genus and species of copepod parasitic in a shipworm. Jour. Washington Acad. Sci. 32(2): 60-62, 1 fig. 1944. Parasitic copepods in the United States National Museum. Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus. 94: 529-582, pls. 20-34. Wilson, Mildred Stratton. 1950. A new genus proposed for Lichomolgus major Williams (Copepoda, Cyclopoida). Jour. Washington Acad. Sei. 40(9) : 298-299. Wright, R. Ramsay. 1885. On a parasitic copepod of the clam. Amer. Naturalist. 19: 118-124, pl. 3. Yamaguti, Satyu. 1936. Parasitic copepods from mollusks of Japan, I. Japanese Jour. Zool. 7(1): 113-127, pls. 7-13. 142 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington $ Ts POs wo Vie PEI IV] IN \ NOV4i7 1955} INN Bieler y | Vol. 68, pp. 143-144 SSSA ey” October 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A REMARKABLE NEW SPECIES OF PERILITUS FROM MEXICO (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) By C. F. W. MuESEBECK United States National Museum For many years the collections of the National Museum have contained three male specimens of a strikingly distinct and undescribed species of the euphorine genus Perilitus Nees. These had been taken in 1908 at Cordoba, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Recently a female specimen of the same species, from nearby Orizaba in Vera Cruz, was received from N. L. H. Krauss. This specimen had been reared in October 1954 from a cocoon found in a burrow in the stem of Lantana camara. The genus Perilitus is best known from the common P. coccinellae (Schrank), a parasite of adult Coccinellidae that occurs in all the major zoo-geographical regions of the world. Other species, for which the host associations are known, likewise parasitize adults of Coleoptera, and presumably the host of the species described here is also a beetle. Perilitus eximius, new species This species is at once distinguished from all described species of Perilitus by its long, very slender and smooth abdominal petiole. Female.—Length about 4.5 mm. Head not so strongly transverse as is usual in this genus; temple sloping gradually from eye; eye enor- mous, the malar space being virtually eliminated; face longer between antennae and eclypeus than wide, smooth and shining; antennae con- siderably shorter than the body, 22-segmented in the type. Mesoscutum with notaulices sharply impressed and foveolate, and with a low but distinct and complete median keel; middle lobe of mesoscutum shallowly punctate anteriorly, coarsely punctato-rugulose posteriorly, and thinly but uniformly hairy; lateral lobes smooth and polished and largely hairless; dise of scutellum smooth and shining; propodeum completely strongly rugose, its dorsal face horizontal and fully as long as the posterior face which is vertical and broadly hollowed out medially; mesopleurum smooth and polished but with a broad, shallow, rugose, longitudinal impression below; metapleurum coarsely rugose; radial cell on wing margin distinctly longer than the stigma; recurrent vein interstitial with intercubitus; hind wing with nervellus straight and distinctly shorter than basal abscissa of basella; hind coxae smooth and polished. First abdominal segment strikingly slender, broadening a little 22—-Proc. Brot. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (143) OCT 9 1 12; 144 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington posteriorly but about five times as long as its apical width, entirely smooth and polished, its spiracles situated at the middle and very promi- nent; ovipositor sheath longer than hind tibia. Piceous black; antennae brown; wings subhyaline; anterior and mid- dle legs brownish yellow, their coxae and trochanters a little paler; hind legs with coxae and femora piceous, trochanters, tibiae and tarsi brownish. Male.—HEssentially like the female but with the eyes not quite so large, the wings clear hyaline and the antennae 24-segmented and about as long as the body. Type-locality.—Orizaba, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Type.—vU. S. National Museum No. Described from one female (type) and three male specimens, the males collected April 21, 1908 by A. Fenyes at Cordoba, Vera Cruz. o hi & ae Tw mee ee Of fv Pe a | \ \ a Sete 4 Vol. 68, pp. 145-148 — October 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON FOUR NEW RACES OF BIRDS FROM EAST ASIA By H. G. DrIqgnan* Study of the bird collections made by the author in Thai- land during 1952 and 1953, under a Fellowship of the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, has led to the recognition of the following unnamed forms: I. The common dove of the Red Basin of Szechwan proves to be a well- marked race, separable from its relative of the maritime provinces of China by its saturate reddish coloration, similar to that that appears in 80 many birds of the same area. It may be called Streptopelia chinensis setzeri, subsp. nov. Type: U. 8. Nat. Mus. No. 275893, adult female?, collected at Ipin [Suiful, Szechwan Province, China, on January 15, 1923, by David C. Graham. Diagnosis: From Str. ch. chinensis of southeastern China separable by having the entire under parts Russet-Vinaceous (Ridgway) instead of Light Russet-Vinaceous (Ridgway), and the upper parts a deeper, slightly more rufescent, brown; from Str. ch. vacillans (‘‘ forresti’’) of southern Yunnan, and all other races except the nominate one, imme- diately separable by the complete absence of dark central streaks from the upper wing coverts. Range: Lowland Szechwan and probably the adjacent areas of Kwei- chow; specimens from Shensi (south of the Tsinling Mountains) are intermediate between setzeri and chinensis. Remarks: Thirteen specimens of setzeri have been compared with 30 of the nominate form. The new race is named for Henry W. Setzer, Division of Mammals, U. S. National Museum, who assisted me by ex- amination of specimens of Streptopelia in the British Museum. II. The known range of Centropus toulou [C. bengalensis of authors] in the Jndo-Chinese Peninsula is anomalous. Whereas in the French sphere and in Burma the species is thought to be generally distributed, in Thailand are found three populations apparently isolated from each other: the first, an uncommon winter visitor to the northern highlands and (at that season) always seen in eclipse plumage; the second, resi- dent and common in the central plain, with adults always wearing nup- *Published with permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 23—Proc. Bron. Soc. WASH., Vow. 68, 1955 (145) OCT @ 3 sar; 146 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington tial plumage in summer, eclipse plumage in winter; the third, resident and common in the Malay Peninsula from ca. lat. 8° N. southward, and possibly never reverting to an eclipse plumage when once adult. The peninsular form has long been recognized as inseparable from C. t. java- nensis (Dumont); the northern visitant can only be C. t. bengalensis (of which lignator of southeastern China seems to be a synonym); the bird of the central plain has by some authors been called javanensis, by others bengalensis. Until recently pertinent material has been too searce to permit of definitive identification, but through my own collect- ing and that of Robert E. Elbel a fine series of adults in nuptial dress is now available. These show that the bird of central Thailand is in fact an unnamed race linking bengalensis with javanensis, and more distinet than any one of several of the accepted subspecies (which in some eases are founded upon no characters but those of size). I shall call it Centropus toulou chamnongi, subsp. nov. Type: U.S. Nat. Mus. No. 450015, adult female (in nuptial plumage), collected at Ban Khlong Khlung [lat. 16°10’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand, on April 16, 1953, by H. G. Deignan (original number 1560). Diagnosis: From C. t. bengalensis separable by having the chestnut- rufous of the upper parts darker and duller, the seapularies distinctly nigrescent; from C. t. javanensis, by having the chestnut-rufous lighter and brighter, less nigrescent, and the hood highly glossed with steel blue and sharply demareated from the remaining upper parts (as in bengalensis). Range: Central Thailand and (apparently) southern Annam and Cochin-China. Remarks: I agree with Grant and Mackworth-Praed (Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 59, 1939, pp. 50-51) that C. bengalensis is conspecific with toulow of Madagascar and Africa. The new form is named in honor of Chamnong Thepphahatsadin, District Officer at Khlong Khlung, who rendered to my party unusual courtesies and assistance. Both Stresemann (Noy. Zool., vol. 19, 1912, pp. 336-339) and Peters (Check-list of Birds of the World, vol. 4, 1940, p. 72) have listed javanensis as the form of all the Philippine Islands. I should place there the population of Palawan, but find that those of other islands are separable by having, in fresh plumage, increased nigrescence of the anterior upper parts, the black or blackish area usually extending to the center of the back. For Philippine birds the name molkenboeri Bonaparte, 1850, is available. OL, The great salty woodpecker of the middle third of the Mayal Penin- sula has by some authors been called harterti (northwestern Burma), by others pulverulentus (Java). The population is in fact exactly and consistently intermediate in color between these two and might be called Miilleripicus pulverulentus celadinus, subsp. nov. Type: U. 8S. Nat. Mus. No. 153742, adult male, collected at Ban Phra Muang [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°30’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand, on April 14, 1896, by William L. Abbott. Deignan—F our New Races of Birds from East Asia 147 Diagnosis: The general tone of the slate-colored upper parts is dis- tinetly paler (more bloomed) than the blackish slate of pulverulentus, but equally distinctly darker than the slate gray of harterti. Range: Twelve specimens of celadinus have been seen from localities as far north as the Mergui District of southern Burma and as far south as the Siamese province of Trang. Remarks: Specimens examined from Singapore and Johore agree with pulverulentus of Java and Borneo, and it is probable that the nominate race ranges throughout all but the northwestern Malay States and into Thailand in the provinces of Narathiwat, Yala, and Pattani. Skins from southwestern Thailand as far south as Prachuap Khiri Khan Provinee are inseparable from birds of northern Burma. IV. Recently collected material shows that one more form of the ruby- cheeked sunbird remains to be named from Thailand. I shall name it Anthreptes singalensis internotus, subsp. nov. Type: U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 451383, adult male, collected at Ban Khlua Klang [ca. lat. 11°38’ N., long. 99°36’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand, on December 25, 1952, by H. G. Deignan (original number 575). Diagnosis: Belonging to that group of the races in which the ferrugi- nous of the anterior under parts is not sharply defined from the yellow of the posterior under parts, A. s. internotus represents the expected link between assamensis of northern Thailand and interpositus of Thai- land south of the Isthmus of Kra. The ferruginous of throat and upper breast is, in either sex, darker than in assamensis, paler than in inter- positus, while the yellow of the remaining under parts is more greenish than in assamensis, more golden than in interpositus. Range: Southwestern Thailand, from the headwaters of the river Mae Klong to the Isthmus of Kra; Tenasserim (Mergui District), probably north to the Tavoy District. Remarks: Junge and Kooiman (Zool. Verh., No. 15, 1951, p. 36) refer three males of this population to interpositus after comparison with a series ‘‘from Pegu and Tenasserim.’’ True interpositus, how- ever, is restricted to the Malay Peninsula south of the Isthmus, and without examination of their material I cannot surmise which race or races actually lay before them. 148 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington oe - Lo MA AN » & 7 nN ‘f >\ 1/] \ ~~ / td ( RAIN} OF \ oe 17 1°55 }) Ae -, YA, Or [ { ; of Vol. 68, pp. 149-150 - ee October 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE WISCONSIN PUMA By Harttey H. T. JAcKSon There are many records for the puma or cougar (felis con- color) in Wisconsin, some of which have been assembled by W. E. Scott (Wisconsin Conserv. Bull. 4 (10) : 25, 1939) and A. W. Schorger (Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sciences, Arts and Letters 34: 31-32, 1942). Schorger also published an account of a mounted specimen in the collection of Lawrence College, Appleton, Wis. (Jour. Mammal. 19 (2): 252, May 14, 1938) which he later acquired for deposit in the University of Wis- consin Zoological Collection. The specimen was dismounted and made into a study skin with detached skull in 1948, at which time it was my privilege to examine it critically. A re- evaluation of measurements and other characteristics shows that this specimen represents an undescribed subspecies that inhabited the upper Mississippi Valley and western Great Lakes region. For permission to designate the specimen in the University of Wisconsin Zoological Collection as the type- specimen I thank Dr. John T. Emlen, Professor of Zoology at Wisconsin. The form is named for Dr. A. W. Schorger, Professor of Wildlife Management at the University, in recog- nition of his talent in salvaging specimens and historical rec- ords of extinct and vanishing species, collating the material, and making it available in publications. Felis concolor schorgeri, subsp. nov. Wisconsin Puma Type-specimen.—No. 13,464, University of Wisconsin Zoological Col- lection; ¢ (sexed by describer) adult, skin (removed from mount and tanned) and skull; collected November 22, 1857, by Samuel P. Hart. Type-locality—Near Appleton, Outagamie County, Wisconsin. Geographic range.—Now extirpated. Formerly from west-central Kan- sas (Ellis County) east and northeast to eastern Wisconsin and Duluth, Minnesota; probably also throughout most of Missouri and Illinois. Diagnostic characters——A large and apparently rather dark and red- dish puma, larger than Felis concolor coryi and possibly nearly as large as F. c, hippolestes, and apparently darker. Original eolor of type- specimen indeterminate, the specimen having been mounted and exposed 24—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (149) OCT > 1 pees 150 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington to light while on exhibition for about 90 years. Skull large, the cranium posteriorly relatively rather narrow in comparison with other subspecies; the spread of the zygomatic arches somewhat reduced posteriorly. Com- pared with the skull of Ff. c. hippolestes that of F. ¢. schorgeri is rather narrow; particularly posteriorly; much flatter and more dished in frontal region; zygomatic arch, particularly the malar part, broader; nasal breadth relatively and actually conspicuously greater; carnassial teeth, both upper and lower, larger. Compared with Felis concolor coryi the skull of schorgeri is somewhat larger and clearly approaches that of coryi only in the nasal breadth, which is even relatively greater in schorgeri than in coryi. Measurements.—Type-specimen (adult male): No external measure- ments of the animal in the flesh are avilable. Prof. Walter E. Rogers, of Lawrence College, informed A. W. Schorger that the mounted speci- men measured ‘‘27 inches in height at the shoulders and 85 inches in length from end of nose to tip of tail’’ (Schorger, Jour. Mammal. 19: 252, 1938). Skull: Type-specimen (adult male): Zygomatie width, 151.5 mm.; height of cranium, 73.8; interorbital breadth, 43.3; post- orbital processes (width), 75.6; width of nasals (at anterior tips of frontals), 22.6; width of palate (across interpterygoid fossa), 28.7; mix- illary tooth row alveolar length, 65.0; upper carnassial crown length, 24.2; upper carnassial crown width, 13.2; lower carnassial crown length, 19.2; lower carnassial crown width, 15.2. Specimens examined.—Kansas: Catherine, Ellis County, 1 (skull only, Kansas Univ. Mus.); Minnesota: Duluth, 1 (skull only, Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.); Wisconsin: Appleton (near), 1 (type-specimen). ams fT Vol. 68, pp. 151-154 BR iorenacs October 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON STUDIES ON SPIROBOLOID MILLIPEDS. III. THE GENUS SPIROBOLINUS SILVESTRI By Ricuarp L. HorrmMan The preceding two parts of this series* have dealt with the rhinocricid genus Hurhinocricus, defining the genus on the basis of gonopod structure and giving a list of the known species. Hurhinocricus provided a good example of a group having come to include species entirely unrelated to the generotype; the present paper is concerned with a genus which, although adequately described, dropped into obscurity through the neglect of later workers, and which seems to be unknown to recent students of the group. This is Spirobolinus of Silvestri, proposed in 1898 for two Ecuadorian species, and diagnosed in the following words (translated) : ‘“Labrum tridentate. Mandibles pluripectinate. Labral pores 4—4. Antennae short. Collum laterally broad and not abbreviated. Pre- anal segment with a thickened elongate tail, exceeding the anal valves. Inner gonopods short.’’ Although the preceding diagnosis is scarcely usable in itself, the two included species were well described in general, and the gonopods of the males were illustrated in fair detail. Brolemann, however, could not utilize the original descriptions in his classification of the spiroboloid millipeds, and wrote (1914: 5): ‘‘Spirobolinus Silvestri (1898, n), aucun rapprochement comparatif, les figures ne nous renseignent sur aucun des pointes essentiels.’’ By 1926, nothing had been written in defense of the genus, and so Spirobolinus did not gain admission to Attems’ treatment of the spiroboloids in the Handbuch der Zoologie, nor to Verhoeff’s somewhat later (1932) summary of the group in Bronn’s Klassen wnd Ordnungen des Tierreichs. Fortunately, however, around the beginning of this century Silvestri and O. F. Cook exchanged a large number of paratypes of their milliped species, and it so happens in consequence that the United States Na- tional Museum has typical material of both Spirobolinus luciae and S. nigritulus. Through the kindness of Dr. HE. A. Chapin, I have been able to study these valuable specimens, and am pleased to be able to rescue this hapless genus from its undeserved sojourn into oblivion. It will be observed that the accompanying illustrations of S. luciae do not differ appreciably from Silvestri’s drawings except in matters of small detail probably due to subjective errors of execution. The paratype of S. nigritulus in the National Museum is unfortunately *Pt. 1. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 66, 1953, pp. 179-184. Pt. 2. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 68, 1955, pp. —. 25---Proc. Broun. Soc. WASH., Vou. 68, 1955 (151) OCT @ 1 sac 152 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington a female, and I can add nothing to the original description of that species. Genus SPIROBOLINUS Silvestri Spirobolinus Silvestri, 1898, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. comp. Univ. Torino, vol. 13, no. 324, p. 8 (proposed with two species). Type.—Spirobolinus luciae Silvestri, by present designation. Diagnosis.—A genus of the suborder Spirobolidea, characterized by the absence of pores from the 7th segment, and by the small posterior gonopods which apparently lack coxal elements. The pores appear to be located in the metazonite, but the segmental suture makes a wide loop caudad to pass behind and below the pore. Small species, less than 30 mm long, segments smooth and unmodified, lacking scobinae. Labral pores 4 on each side; antennae with 4 sen- sory cones. Telson produced caudad and definitely surpassing the anal valves, latter of normal form without thickened margins. No tarsal pads in either sex. Anterior gonopods with well developed triangular sternite and slender, distally produced coxite elements. Posterior gonopods small, without sternite and apparently without coxites. Range.—EHeuador. Species.—Two. Spirobolinus luciae Silvestri Figs. 1-6 Spirobolinus luciae Silvestri, 1898, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. comp. Univ. Torino, vol. 13, no. 324, p. 8, figs. 1-4. Description—From adult male topoparatype (labeled Cotype by Silvestri), collected at Pun, Ecuador, by Enrico Festa. About 30 mm long, 2.9 mm in diameter, with 44 segments. Color light brown, the dorsum paler, with a geminate middorsal stripe. In detail: yellowish brown or tan, somewhat darker on the sides below the pores and across dorsum of metazonites; each segment with a rectangular transverse black bar in front of the sulcus and a smaller spot in front of and behind it. Telson, front edge of collum, eyes, and a vertical frontal spot dark brown. Legs, antennae, and labral border yellowish. Front of hear smooth, clypeal pores 4—4; antennae short, not ex- tending caudad past caudal edge of collum, the articles in decreasing or- der of length, 6-1-2-3-5-4-7; 4 terminal sensory cones; the proximal four articles almost glabrous. Mandibles rather deeply concave on their outer surface; sides of head below antennae immarginate. Eye patch small, rounded, about 25 ocelli in each cluster. Collum smooth, narrowed somewhat toward the ends (fig. 6), its front edge with a marginal sulcus commencing just below level of eye patch. Second segment incurved ventrally, not as long as collum nor pro- duced forward. Body segments smooth, with a distinct transverse sulcus across the dorsum but obsolete on the sides; the latter, especially of the prozonites, rather strongly striate near the legs; metazonites slightly raised above the level of the prozonites. Pores in a continuous series from the 6th to penultimate segment except that they are missing from the 7th; pores large and conspicuous, a small depression immediately caudad to each; pores well behind general level of the transverse sulcus which, however, is abruptly recurved caudad to pass behind them (fig. 4). No scobinae. ee { o TH Hoffman—The Genus Spirobolinus Silvestri 153 Telson smooth, without sulcus, produced into a depressed tail which considerably exceeds the anal valves (fig. 5), latter smooth and but slightly convex. Male gonopods as illustrated (figs. 1 and 2). Sternal plate of anterior gonopods subtriangular, basally concave, distally exeeeded by tips of both the coxites and telopodites, the latter considerably enlarged distally (fig. 2). Trachial stalks present, well sclerotized, firmly attached to base of sternite. Posterior gonopod small, flattened, without perceptible coxal joint and trachial stalk; distally modified into a long slender terminal process and a shorter, stouter subterminal process, the latter 154 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington subtended by a small tooth. Posterior gonopods concealed within the telopodite of the anterior pair, except for their tips (fig. 3). Anterior legs of male without tarsal pads or other sexual modifica- tions except that the coxae of the first few pairs are distally impressed or concave. SYSTEMATIC POSITION Having but one male specimen at my disposal, I am hesitant to make the step which will be necessary if my observations prove to be correct. That is, if the posterior gonopods actually consist of but a single piece, a new family will be required for the recognition of such a remarkable character. It is, of course, possible that a small coxal joint could have been broken off during dissection, althcugh I made special efforts to prevent damage to the tiny appendage. But my drawing of this piece is quite similar to Silvestri’s, and suggests that in fact the inner gono- pod is fastened only by a band of muscle or ligament at each of its basal corners. In other respects the genus appears similar to some of the Atopetholi- dae of western North America, although a large triangular sternal plate is almost a characteristic of the family Rhinocricidae. There is a possible junior synonym, in the form of Loomis’s genus Aporobolus (1934), based upon a species from the island of Tobago. This species also lacks pores on the 7th segment, and has gonopods of the sort found in Spirobolinus. But until more material of both groups is at hand for comparison I think it best to keep them separate. Often a perfectly good name will become ‘‘lost’’ after unwarranted relega- tion to synonymy. The classification of the spiroboloids is increasingly becoming incom- prehensible through the proposals of new genera which are not compared by their authors with related established genera, and many founded upon mistaken concepts of anatomy. In the hope of abating the con- fusion I have begun to assemble materials for a revision of the order and hope to present in the near future an account of the genera so far erected and their type species. Finally, it is some interest to observe that Silvestri overlooked the absence of pores from the 7th segment, since he normally placed great taxonomic significance to the distribution of the pore series, and sepa- rated more than a few spirostreptoid genera chiefly on such a basis. LITERATURE CITED Broleman, Henry W., 1914. Etude sur les Spirobolides (Myriapodes). Ann. Soe. Entom. France, vol. 83, pp. 1-38, fig. I-IX. Loomis, H. F., 1934, Millipeds of the West Indies and Guiana collected by the Allison V. Armour Expedition in 1932. Smithsonian Mise. Coll.. val. 89. No. 14. nn. 1-69. 33 figs. Silvestri, F., 1898. Viaggio del Dott. Festa nella Repubblica del Heua- dor. XI. Diplopodi. Boll. Mus. Zool. ed Anat. comp. R. Univ. Torino, vol. 13, no. 324, pp. 1-12. Explanation of Plate Fig. 1. Left side of anterior gonopods, cephalic aspect. 2. Right side of anterior gonopods, caudal aspect, showing the largely concealed pos- terior gonopod. 3. Left posterior gonopod. 4. Repugnatorial pore on right side of body, showing position of segmental sutures. 5. Lateral aspect of caudal end of body, from right side of body. 6. Outline sketch of head capsule, antenna, and collum. Hj a ee pe ' WA Vol. 68, pp. 155-156 ae Th October 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE TYPE LOCALITY OF HYLA TRISERIATA WIED By FRANcIS HARPER The original description of this chorus frog (currently known as Pseudacris nigrita triserrata) occurs in the classic work of Maximilian Prinz zu Wied (1839, 1:249). The type locality has customarily been recorded as Mt. Vernon, Ohio River, Indiana. This is situated in Posey County, in the extreme southwestern corner of the state. I am not aware of any particular discussion of the type locality except that by Smith and Smith (1952: 176) : ‘‘The exact spot visited by Wied ... could not be determined from his narrative. Since he traveled by boat the type specimen, presumably, was collected in the Ohio River bottom-lands.”’ There is considerably more, however, to be said on the subject. In the original work (1839: 217) the author writes of leaving New Harmony (on the Wabash River, about a dozen miles north of Mt. Vernon) by horseback early in the morning on March 16, 18338, travel- ing overland, crossing Rush Creek and Big Creek, and reaching Mt. Vernon by mid-day. Meanwhile, *¢Tn the woodland pools and little sloughs of the recesses between the hills we heard the trilling of a small greenish-gray hylid, which does not seem to occur in Pennsylvania. As soon as one approached the pools, the little animals betook themselves into the mud and roiled the water. If one withdrew, their united voices were audible at quite a distance.’’ (Translated from the original German.) These remarks are introduced between the crossings of Rush Creek and Big Creek. The detailed description, with proposal of the name Hyla triseriata, follows on pages 249-250. In a much later publication (1865: 118) Maximilian states that the species was found first in the woodland pools and sloughs near New Harmony, later at Mt. Vernon on the Ohio, and on the Mississippi. The voice was heard by 9 am. The specimens were subsequently lost; consequently no type is extant. The above quotations from Maximilian’s narrative seem to furnish sufficient grounds for restricting the type locality to the area between Rush Creek and Big Creek, along the route from New Harmony to Mt. Vernon, in Posey County, Indiana (New Harmony quadrangle, 1903, U. S. Geol. Survey). The advantage of such a course becomes apparant from the following remarks by Smith and Smith (1952: 176), who wrote under the im- pression that Mt. Vernon is the proper type locality: 26—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., Vou. 68, 1955 (155) OCT 3 1 mex - ewe 156 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington ‘*Six topotypes [from Mt. Vernon] collected by us are intergrades [between feriarum and triseriata] but show closer affinities to feriarum.... ‘*A much more adequate sample (36 specimens) was obtained four miles south of New Harmony (still in Posey County but out of the river valley) and this consists of definite intergrades which do approach triseriata more closely than feriarwm in the character of leg length and dorsal pattern.’’ Thus, by restricting the type locality to the near vicinity of New Harmony, we may avoid all the nomenclatural confusion that would result from relegating Helocaetes feriarum Baird (1854) to the synonymy of Hyla triseriata Wied (1839) and at the same time applying some different name to the subspecies that has long been known as triseriata. Pscudacris nigrita feriarum (Baird) may therefore remain as the name of the more eastern subspecies, ranging, according to Smith and Smith (1952: 174, fig. 2), from New Jersey and Pennsylvania southwestward to Texas. Since Rush Creek is appreximately 4 miles south of New Harmony, the 36 specimens mentioned above (Smith and Smith, 1952: 176) may be regarded as virtual topotypes of triseriata. LITERATURE CITED Smith, Philip W., and Dorothy M. Smith, 1952. The relationship of the chorus frogs, Pseudacris nigrita feriarwm and Pseudacris n. triseriata. Am. Midland Naturalist 48(1): 165-180, 1 pl., 1 fig., 1 map. Wied, Maximilian Prinz zu, 1839. Reise in das innere Nord-America in den Jahren 1832 bis 1834. Vol. 1. Coblenz: xvi+653+[1], 20 pl., Bis) ine , 1865. Verzeichniss der Reptilien, welche auf einer Reise im nordlichen America beobachtet wurden. Dresden: viii+141+[2], (api: ae Vol. 68, pp. 157-164 October 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS © OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE DIAMONDBACK TERRAPINS (MALACLEMYS TERRAPIN) OF PENINSULAR FLORIDA By ALBERT SCHWARTZ The Charleston Museum, Charleston, S. C. As presently understood, three subspecies of diamondback terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin) inhabit the coastal waters of the Florida Peninsula and the Florida Keys. As mapped by Carr (1952: 164) the ranges of these three forms are: Mala- clemys t. macrospilota, Florida west coast; Malaclemys t. cen- trata, Florida east coast, south to about Palm Beach County ; Malaclemys t. rhizophorarum, Florida Keys, integrading with M. t. centrata along the southeastern coast and with M. t. macrospilota in the region of Cape Sable. Recent acquisition of fresh material from the Florida east coast and the coast of South Carolina indicates that the status of the diamond- back turtles from the former locality is not as Carr indicated. In addition to material in the collection of the Charleston Museum, I have examined specimens from various institutions, and wish to extend my thanks for the loan of turtles to the following curators of collections: Charles M. Bogert and Richard G. Zweifel, American Museum of Natural History (AMNH); Arthur Loveridge, Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ); Archie F. Carr and Duke Wilder, University of Florida (UF); Norman E. Hartweg and William E. Duellman, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (UMMZ), and Doris M. Cochran, United States National Museum (USNM). Numerous persons have aided in the collection of specimens of Malaclemys, and I wish to thank L. Neil Bell, Julian R. Harrison III, Raymond P. Porter, John A. Quinby, and Ephie C. Seabrook for their assistance. Shell measurements follow Carr (1952), and all measurements are in millimeters. Malaclemys t. rhizophorarum was described by Fowler (1906) as Malaclemmys littoralis rhizophorarum, from a single specimen taken at Boca Grande Key, Monroe County, Florida. Boca Grande lies between Key West and the Marquesas. Carr (1946) resurrected the name rhizo- phorarum, after many years of disuse, for the diamondback terrapins of the Florida Keys, on the basis of a new specimen from Card Sound, Dade County, Florida, and the examination of turtles from the lower portion of the Florida Peninsula. Malacelmys t. macrospilota was described by Hay in 1905, from material taken at Charlotte Harbor, Florida, and the Florida West Coast; this Gulf Coast subspecies is readily separable from the Atlantic Coast material by virtue of the clear and sharply differentiated centers of the carapace laminae. Malaclemys 27—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (157) - OCTS 1 1955 158 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington t. centrata was first described from Carolina by Latreille in 1801, and later the type locality was restricted to Charleston, South Carolina, by Hay (1905:6). Examination of specimens from the east coast of Florida demonstrates that this region is inhabited by turtles which cannot be assigned to any of the named subspecies of Malaclemys terrapin. The Florida east coast areas were in the past the home of the Tequesta Indians and it seems appropriate to name the new subspecies after these early Americans for whom, almost certainly, the diamondback terrapin was an item of diet. The new subspecies may be known as Malaclemys terrapin tequesta, new sub species Holotype: UMMZ 108482, an adult female from Miami Beach, Dade County, Florida, taken June, 1953, by Donald de Sylva. Paratypes: All from Florida, as follows: Volusia Co., New Smyrna, (USNM 37020) Daytona Beach (UF 4242); Brevard Co., % mi. E junction Florida AIA and Florida 520 (UF 6589, UF 6590), 1.3 mi. E Merritt Island (UMMZ 106149, UMMZ 106150), 2 mi. E Merritt Island (UMMZ 106148), 5 mi. E Merritt Island (UMMZ 106151), 5.2 mi. E Merritt Island (UMMZ 106147), Eau Gallie (MCZ 20287); In- dian River Co., Sebastian (MCZ 48787). Diagnosis: A diamondback turtle without strikingly differentiated trans- cucent centers or a pattern of concentric circles on the carapace lami- nae, and without black edging on the seams of the ventral surface of the marginal laminae. Carapace slightly keeled, broad, flattened, and horn-colored, occasionally carapace laminae cleared to show rem- nants of juvenile pattern; plastron either immaculate or with various dark patterns, either seam following, radiating from the posterior corner of the plastral laminae, or consisting of rectangular black hollow figures on each plastral lamina. Ventral surface of marginal laminae at level of bridge usually without a continuation of the dorsal pattern or with this pattern very obscure and poorly defined, and with a black blotch at the posterodorsal corner of the ventral surface of the marginals at the level of the bridge. Head skin variously mottled or stippled with dark gray on light gray background, but never with dark spots fused into lines. Juveniles usually without concentric rings on carapace laminae and dorsal surface of marginals, rarely with no more than two concentric rings on each lamina; usually each carapace and marginal lamina stippled with gray; if present, one (usually) to five (rarely) dark spots in the center of each lamina. Dorsal tubercles bulbous and either light or dark, that on central lamina 4 most pro- nounced. Plastron either uniformly lightly stippled with gray, or with each plastral lamina containing a square or triangular hollow dark figure which follows the configuration of the lamina but does not touch the seams. Distribution: The east coast of the Florida Peninsula, from at least Volusia County south to Dade County. Description of holotype: An adult female with the following measure- ments: Carapace length, 178; length of plastron, 157; length of anterior lobe of plastron, 41.0; length of middle lobe of plastron, 53.1; length Schwartz—The Diamondback Terrapins 159 of posterior lobe of plastron, 63.2; head width, 37.2; depth, 72; width of posterior lobe of plastron, 82.8; width of bridge, 48.5; greatest width of carapace (at marginal 7), 139. The carapace is generally dark or horn-colored, the central laminae uniformly so. Hach lateral lamina is lighter centrally, and one to several heavy brown spots are visible through the lighter center. The marginals are lighter than the laterals and a bold, open-sided square figure is visible on the dorsal surface of each marginal. The plastron is yellow and the central seam is widely bordered with dark radiating lines. Hach plastral lamina shows the remnants of the triangular or rectangular hollow figure noted above as occurring in juveniles, and these plastral figures are somewhat obscured by additional dark pigment. The ventral surfaces of the marginal laminae show a hollow, poorly defined C-shaped figure, the open side directed dorsally, and marginals 4 to 9 on each side have a brown blotch on the posterodorsal corner. The head skin is light gray and boldly spotted with black. The nasal shield is heavily stippled with black, and a black border occurs along its posterior third. The neck and fore limbs are light gray, spotted with black, while the hind limbs and rump are almost uniformly gray. Variation: The eleven adult specimens of M. t. tequesta (ten females and one male) show little variation compared to the holotype. All are broad and flattened, when compared to M. t. centrata, and all have the horn-colored carapace of the type. None shows any indication of the concentric circles on the carapace laminae, persistently character- istic in M. t. centrata, and three females (UF 6589, UF 4242, UMMZ 106151) have the centers of the carapace laminae somewhat lighter, so that the remnants of the juvenile pattern (incomplete or diffuse circle or large brown dots) are still visible. All except two (UF 6589, UF 4242) have the dark blotch on the ventral surface of the marginals at the level of the bridge. The head skin is gray and either lightly and uniformly stippled, or with dark spots; the nasal shield varies from pale gray and immaculte, to solid black. The dorsal keels are but slightly tuberculate; the single male (MCZ 48787) has the keel on central 4 more bulbous than those on the preceding two centrals, and likewise more bulbous than the keels of any of the females. The outline of the shell of M. t. tequesta is more nearly oval than that of the remaining Floridian subspecies, and the carapace laminae show conspicuous concentric grooves. Comparisons: Malaclemys t. tequesta requires comparison with the three Floridian subspecies of the genus. The new form ean easily be distinguished from M. t. macrospilota since the latter has translucent yellowish areas in the centers of the carapace laminae. M. t. tequesta shows occasional lightening of the carapace lamina but it is never so pronounced as in M. t. macrospilota and the clear areas are not so abruptly differentiated in the new subspecies, the transition between the horn-colored peripheries and the clear centers being very gradual. M. t. tequesta is also a broader and flatter turtle than M. t. macrospilota, and has a more oval outline than the west coast subspecies. Juveniles of M. t. macrospilota differ from those of M. t. tequesta in that the carapace laminae of the former subspecies are usually heavily spotted with black and each lamina is heavily black bordered. Concentric 160 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington rings are absent on the lateral and central laminae on juvenile WU. t. macrospilota. If the heavy spotting is absent on the lateral laminae of M. t. macrospilota, there is usually a single prominent black spot in the center of each lateral lamina. The bulbous keels on the centrals of juvenile M. t. macrospilota are somewhat more pronounced than those of WU. t. tequesta. From WM. t. centrata, M. t. tequesta differs in the absence of dark greenish or gray concentric rings on the light gray or green carapace laminae, and the presence of a dark blotch on the ventral surface of the marginal laminae at the level of the bridge. In WM. t. centrata, the pattern of the dorsal surface of each marginal lamina continues onto the ventral surface of the same lamina as a square or rectangular figure. In M. t. tequesta, such ventral continuation of the marginal lamina pattern is either completely absent or is but faintly indicated. The juveniles of these two subspecies are easily differentiated. Juvenile M. t. centrata have three or more concentric rings in each lateral lamina, and a complex figure consisting of a combination of stippling and lines and/or rings on each central. The continuation of the marginal pattern from the dorsal to the ventral surface of each marginal lamina, noted in adult M. t. centrata, is even more conspicuous in juveniles. In juvenile WM. t. tequesta, there are never more than two concentric rings in each carapace lamina, and these are poorly defined and occur in only five of sixteen juveniles. The bulbous keels of the centrals are very pronounced in juvenile UM. t. tequesta, while the keels of juvenile M. t. centrata are not bulbous but are rather a linear, almost parallel sided, series. Carr (1952:175) shows an excellent photograph of hatch- ling M. t. centrata from Beaufort, North Carolina, and a series of twelve hatchlings from South Carolina and Savannah, Georgia, agree well with his photograph. The expansion of the keels in hatchling MW. t. tequesta is reminiscent of the same condition in juvenile WM, ft. macrospilota. There are four specimens of Malaclemys (other than the type of M, t. rhizophorarum from the Florida Keys available to me. One of these (USNM 37021, adult female, Key West) is typical of M. t. macrospilota. This individual was taken many years ago and, since it does not agree with the remaining three specimens from the Florida Keys, it is suspected that this individual was captured by commercial fishermen along the lower west coast of Florida and brought to Key West, where it was purchased and later deposited in the United States National Museum. The remaining three specimens (MCZ 1848, adult female, MCZ 1849, adult male, both from the Marquesas, Monroe County, Florida; AMNH 4745, juvenile, from Plantes, Key Long, Monroe County, Florida) differ in detail from M. t. tequesta and M. t. macrospilota, and are considered to represent UM. t. rhizophorarum. I am unable to locate ‘Plantes, Key Long’ on any map; however, there has been, near the present site of the town of Tavernier, a settlement of Planter on Key Largo, and I suspect that the juvenile is really from this locality rather than ‘Plantes, Key Long’. Compared with the figure of M. t. rhizophorarum (Fowler, 1906), the two adults from the Marquesas show the black edging on the ventral surface of the marginal laminae (which Fowler considered diagnostic Schwartz—The Diamondback Terrapins 161 of M. t. rhizophorarum) and the black pigmentation radiating from the plastral seams. This condition occurs in M. t. macrospilota, as demonstrated in three adult females (UMMZ 104023, 109544, 109545) from Cedar Key, Levy County, Florida. However, no other specimen shows the fusion of dark spots on the head, giving the head a boldly streaked appearance, as do the two adults from the Marquesas. The juvenile from Key Largo shows the same head pattern condition, and the carapace is also very distinctly marked. Each lateral lamina has a bold, broad, doughnut-shaped figure, hollow on laterals 1 to 3, and solid on lateral 4. Central 1 has a W-shaped black figure, the open end directed anteriorly. The precentral and marginals 1 to 7 have a solid black blotch on the dorsal surfaces, while marginals 8 to 11 have a bold, C-shaped figure, the open end directed toward the periphery of the shell. Centrals 2 to 4 have each a dark bulbous keel, crossed by by a black bar. The plastral laminae are boldly spotted, with one to four spots on each lamina. The lateral ends of the pectoral and abdominal laminae each have a large black spot, and the ventral sur- face of each marginal likewise is marked with a black spot. These markings on the juvenile from Key Largo differ radically from those of any other juvenile examined, and, if characteristic of the populations of Malaclemys from the Florida Keys, are sufficiently distinct to separate the key juveniles from those of the mainland. Detailed com- parison of this juvenile MU. t. rhizophorarum with those of M. t. centrata, M. t. macrospilota, or M. t. macrospilota, or M. t. tequesta is un- necessary. Adult MW. t. rhizophorarum can be distinguished from WM. f. tequesta by the fused and bold head spots, the absence of a dark spot on the ventral surface of the marginal laminae, and the presence of black borders on the ventral surface of the marginals. From WM. t. macrospilota, the key turtles may be distinguished by the head markings and by the absence of clear centers of the carapace laminae. Much additional fresh material is needed before adequate assessment of the differentiating characters of M. t. rhizophorarum can be made. For the present it seems preferable to regard the mangrove terrapin as a distinct subspecies. Inspection of Table 1 shows that female M. t. tequesta average larger in measurements of carapace length, anterior lobe length, pos- terior length, posterior lobe width, depth, and carapace width; the differences are not striking, however. The ratio of depth over length of posterior lobe of plastron will separate most female specimens of WM. t. centrata from female WM. t. tequesta; only two individuals (out of 20) of the former subspecies have this ratio in excess of 1.07, while this ratio in M. t. tequesta ranges between 1.07 and 1.19. Likewise, only six specimens of M. t. centrata have the ratio of carapace width over posterior lobe length greater than 1.99, while this ratio in UM. ft. tequesta ranges between 1.99 and 2.26. The ratio of depth over posterior lobe length averages equally in female M. t. tequesta and female M. t. macrospilota, and the ratio of carapace width over posterior lobe length averages less in M. t. macrospilota than in M. t. tequesta, although the extremes are identical. Adequate series of males of the Floridian races of Malaclemys terrapin, as well as M. 1. centrata, are not available for comparison. 162 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington I have examined nine male MU. t. macrospilota, three male UM. t. centrata, and one male each of M. t. tequesta and WM. t. rhizophorarum. On the basis of this limited material, the following observations can be made. Male. M. t. macrospilota have the light centers of the carapace laminae typical of this race, but old individuals may have this character obscured. In young males the carapace keel is bulbous, especially on centrals 3 and 4, but older individuals have the bulbous terminations less prominent and worn. WU. ¢. centrata males show the dark gray or green concentrie circles on the carapace laminae and the keel of the carapace is not bulbous, but rather a series of rather sharp carimae occur on centrals 2 to 4, with the keel on central 4 most pronounced. The single male UM. t. tequesta is almost uniformly horn-colored dorsally, with the lateral laminae only slightly translucent. The dorsal keel is bulbous (especially on centrals 3 and 4), but not so prominent as in male M. t. macrospilota. The ventral survace of the marginals at the bridge level have the customary brown blotch typical of the subspecies. The male M. ¢t. rhizophorarum is quite dark (almost black) above, and the central keel of the carapace is bulbous on centrals 2 and 4, but less pronounced than in WM. t. macrospilota and M. ¢. tequesta. The ventral surface of the marginals shows the typical black seams, and the head shows the fusion of blotches characteristic of this sub- species. Measurements and proportions are shown in Table 2. From these data it appears that M. t. macrospilota males average larger than those of the three southeastern subspecies, and that male M. f. centrata can be separated from male M. t. macrospilota on the basis of the ratio of carapace width over length of posterior lobe of plastron. The single male M. t. rhizophorarum has a higher ratio of carapace width over length of posterior lobe of plastron than any other male examined, and additional specimens from the Florida Keys may indicate that this ratio will separate key specimens from the remaining Floridian subspecies. The areas of intergradation between M. t. tequesta and M. t. rhizo- phorarum to the south, and between the former subspecies and WM. ft. centrata to the north are unknown. Intergrades between WM. t. tequesta and M. t. rhizophorarum might be expected on the southern coast of Florida and upon the Upper Keys. Carr’s (1952.178) specimen from Card Sound, Dade County, may be an intergrade or, judging from the blotchy head markings, may represent M. t. rhizophorarwm. Determination cannot be made from the photograph, and the specimen cannot presently be located. M. t. tequesta is known from Volusia County, Florida and M. t. centrata occurs as far south as Glynn County, Georgia. Intergrades between these two forms are expected in the intervening area. Johnson (1952:100) reported a specimen of WM. f¢. rhizophorarum from Key Island, south of Naples, Collier County, Florida. I have not examined this individual, but on geographic grounds it would be expected to be referrable to M. t. macrospilota. Johnson’s comment that his specimen represents an immigrant M. t. rhizophorarum into an otherwise pure population of M. t. macrospilota is a possibility. Specimens examined (except paratypes of M. t. tequesta)—M. ft. centrata: South Carolina, Charleston Co., nr. Charleston, 1; Cooper River, North Charles, 1; Charleston, 4; Morris Island, 8; Sol Legare Flats, 7.7 Schwartz—The Diamondback Terrapins 163 mi. SSW Charleston, 4; Stono River, Edgewater Park 1; Folly Island, 6; Clark’s Sound, James Island, 2; Clark’s Sound, Folly River, 3; Edisto Island, 1; Beaufort Co., Parris Island, 1. Georgia, Chatham Co., Savan- nah, 3; Glynn Co., no other locality, 6. M. t. tequesta: Florida, Brevard Co., nr. Melbourne, 2; nr. Merritt Island, 14. M. t. rhizophorarum: Florida, Monroe Co., Planter, Key Largo, 1; Marquesas, 2. UM. 1. macrospilota: Florida, between Dixie and Levy cos., mouth of Suwannee River, 12; Levy Co., Cedar Key, 7; Pinellas Co., Passagrille, 1; Gulfport, 38; Hillsborough Co., no other locality, 1; Manatee Co., Bradenton, 1; Collier Co., Mareo Island, 4; 3.3 mi. SW Royal Palm Hammock State Park, 1; Monroe Co., Key West (2), 1. LITERATURE CITED Carr, Archie F. 1946. Status of the mangrove terrapin. Copeia, 3:170-2. ———., 1952. Handbook of turtles. Comstock Publishing Associ- ates, Ithaca, N. Y., i-xv, 1-542. Fowler, Henry W. 1906. Some cold-blooded vertebrates of the Florida Keys. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 59:77-113. Hay, W. P. 1905. A revision of Malaclemmys, a genus of turtles. Bull. U. S. Bureau Fish., 24:1-20. Johnson, William R. 1952. Range of Malaclemys terrapin rhizophorarum on the west coast of Florida. Herpet., 8(3):100. TABLE 1. 15 M.t. 1M. t. rhizo- 20 M. t. centrata 11 UM. t. tequesta macrospilota phorarwm Carapace 170.0 (140-192) 180.4 (161-200) 178.7 (167-194) 172 length Plastral 153.2 (125-176) 160.5 (144-179) 160.7 (134-177) 155 length Anterior 38.1 (32.8-43.4) 43.5 (37.5-48.9) 40.7 (32.5-44.8) 42.6 lobe length Middle 50.7 (41.1-61.3) 53.0 (44.7-61.1) 55.2 (43.5-64.4) 54.1 lobe length Posterior 63.5 (50.9-74.8) 64.3 (57.9-72.6) 64.1 (55.1-70.0) 57.8 lobe length Head width 34.7 (28.4-42.0) 35.4 (32.6-38.6) 36.2 (30.0-39.5) 32.0 Depth 64.4 (56-75) 72.2 (64-80) 72.0 (59-82) 68 Width pos- 81.1 (69.5-90.2) 84.7 (70.5-94.2) 82.4 (71.5-89.7) 73.4 terior lobe Width 46.2 (37.9-54.4) 50.6 (44.1-57.0) 52.9 (41.0-58.7) | 51.7 bridge Carapace 124.3 (111-141) 187.0 (119-152) 134.4 (110-145) 122.2 width D/PLL 1.02 (.92-1.16) 1.12 (1.07-1.19) 1.12 (.99-1.23) 1.18 CW/PLL 1.99 (1.81-2.33) 2.13 (1.99-2.26) 2.09 (1.99-2.23) Pelli Table 1. Measurements and ratios (means and extremes) of female specimens of four subspecies of Malaclemys terrapin. Abbreviations: D, depth; CW, carapace width; PLL, length of posterior lobe of plastron. 164 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington TABLE 2. 1 MW. Ft. 9 M.t. 1 M. Tt. rhi- 3 M.t. centrata tequesta macrospilota zophorarum Carapace 120.1 (112.8-128.6) 119.4 128.0 (109.4-143.9) 117.0 length Pastral 102.4 (91.4-110.1) 99.4 110.7 (93.9-122.7) 97.7 length Anterior 25.9 (24.0-27.3) 26.0 28.8 (23.7-31.6) 27.0 lobe length Middle 33.4 (29.8-37.1) 30.5 37.0 (30.6-50.2) 32.1 lobe length Posterior 43.9 (37.8-47.3) 42.7 45.4 (39.0-50.2) 38.4 lobe length Head width 27 (2057-2520) ) 226 238.6. (20.6-27.1) 205 Depth 43.7 (42-46) 45 47.3 (41-53) 40 Width pos- 53.9 (50.0-57.2) 50.0 57.6 (49.7-64.4) 49.6 terior lobe Width 30.0 (25.7-33.2) 28.4 35.4 (29.9-40.3) 33.8 bridge Carapace 87.4 (77.0-93.1) 92.8 95.2 (82.9-107.0) 87.0 width D/PLL 1.00 (.91-1.10) 1.05 1.04 (.94-1.11) 1.04 CW/PLL 1.99 (1.97-2.04) 2.17 2.10 (2.05-2.17> 2.27 Table 2. Measurements and ratios (means and extremes) of male speci- mens of four subspecies of Malaclemys terrapin. Abbreviations in Table 1. Vol. 68, pp. 165-166 December 31, 1955 , PROCEEDINGS y OF THE | ( BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON\ ~~ A NEW SPECIES OF BAT (GENUS MYOTIS) FROM COAHUILA, M@XICO By Rouurn H. BAKER On the evening of June 24, 1952, Albert A. Alcorn shot a small bat as it circled over a water-filled earthen tank situ- ated in an open, intermontane valley near Bella Unién, Coa- huila. This unique bat belongs to the genus Myotis but owing to its small size and flattened skull is not assignable to any known species of this genus; the bat is named and described as follows: Myotis planiceps new species Type——Male, adult, skin and skull, No. 48242, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist.; 7 mi. S and 4 mi. E Bella Union, 7200 ft., Coahuila; 24 June 1952; obtained by Albert A. Alcorn, original number 920. Distribution—Known only from the type locality. Diagnosis.—Size small for the genus, forearm distinctively short (see measurements); ears and membranes dark; pelage glossy and long (maximum length of hairs on middle of back, 8.2 mm.), hairs of upper parts basally dark and tipped with (j 16) Cinnamon-Brown (capitalized color term is that of Ridgway, Color Standards and Color Nomenclature, Washington, D. C., 1912), hairs of underparts basally black and tipped with buffy; skull small and flattened (see figure 1), rostrum narrowing anteriorly; teeth small; first and second premolars, both above and below, when viewed from occlusal surfaces, approximately the same size and uncrowded. Comparisons.— Myotis planiceps is distinguished from all other North American Myotis by its short forearm, greatly flattened cranium and small teeth. Superficially, M. planiceps bears some resemblance to the three species, Myotis californicus (Audubon and Bachman), Myotis F subulatus (Say) and Myotis lucifugus (LeConte), but differs from them in the above respects and also in having smaller ears, a more pointed rostrum and the occlusal surfaces of the 1st and 2nd premolars, both upper and lower, more nearly equal. From UW. californicus, M. planiceps differs also in having more prominent metalophs and hypocones on the first and second upper molars. From MU. subulatus, M. planiceps differs also in haying more prominent metalophs and protoconules on the first and second upper molars and in having the crown of the third upper molar more shortened anteroposteriorly with no hypocone. From WU. lucifugus, M. planiceps differs also in having a smaller hind foot, a slight keel on the calear, less developed metalophs and hypocones on the first and second upper molars, and crown of the third upper molar more shortened anteroposteriorly with no hypocone and metaconule. 28—Proc. Bron. Soc. Wasn., Voy, 68, 1955 (165) ACh o 1 10A5 166 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Fig. 1. Myotis planiceps, No. 48242, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist., holotype. From left to right, ventral, lateral with lower jaw, and dorsal views of skull. All X3. Remarks.—Probably M. planiceps is more closely allied to M. cali- fornicus than to any other Myotis. The cranium of M. planiceps is much more flattened than in M. subulatus. This flatness in M. planiceps is easily seen even though the hindmost part of the braincase is gone (see fig. 1). The occlusal surface of the upper molariform teeth is small in comparison with the area of the palatal surface. The distance across the third upper molars, from the outer side of one tooth to the outer side of the other, is 4.9, and the space across the palate between the inner borders of these two teeth measures 2.5. This one bat was taken at 7200 feet elevation in a heavily grazed valley surrounded by higher mountains covered with boreal forests. It is suspected that this species lives in montane areas. Measurements.—Measurements, in millimeters, of the holotype are: total length, 76; length of tail vertebrae, 25; length of hind foot, 8; height of ear from notch, 10; length of forearm, 26.5; length of thumb, 3.8; length of third metacarpal, 24.3; length of fifth metacarpal, 23.3; condylobasal length of skull, 13.3; zygomatic breadth, 8.1; least inter- orbital constriction, 3.4; breadth of braincase, 7.1; mastoid breadth, 7.2; palatal length, 6.7; maxillary breadth, across M3, 4.9; length of mandible, 7.3; length of maxillary tooth-row, 4.9; length of mandibular tooth-row, 6.2. Specimen examined.—One, from the type locality. Transmitted June 8, 1955. Vol. 68, pp. 167-174 December 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON i /\ ; wih THREE NEW RODENTS OF THE GENERA MICROMYS AND APODEMUS FROM KOREA By Davin H. JoHnson! anp J. KNox JONES, JR.” The study of a collection of mammals from southern Korea and Cheju Do (Quelpart Island) has revealed the existence there of three new murine rodents, one in the genus Micromys and two in the genus Apodemus. A systematic study of Korean mammals is being conducted at the United States National Museum in cooperation with the Commission on Hemorrhagic Fever of the Armed Forces Epidemiological Board and the Army Medical Service Graduate School. This paper represents the first contribution from the cooperative venture. All measurements are in millimeters. Basal length was taken from the anterior inferior border of the foramen magnum to the anteriormost point on the incisors. Capitalized color terms are from Ridgway (1912). Micromys minutus hertigi, new subspecies Type.—Adult female in summer pelage, skin and skull, United States National Museum no. 299104, from 2 miles southeast of Mosulp’o, 3 meters, Cheju Do (Quelpart Island), Korea; obtained 11 September 1954 by Warren D. Thomas, original no. 1675 of J. Knox Jones, Jr. Distribution—Known only from the type locality. Diagnosis.—Upper parts bright ochraceous; skull large; nasals long, slender and tapering posteriorly; zygomatic notch deep. Description._Size: Large for species (see measurements) ; tail longer than head and body. Color: Upper parts (summer pelage) uniformly bright ochraceous (between Ochraceous-Tawny and Ochraceous-Orange), finely lined with black hairs; flanks slightly paler in color, bases of hairs gray; lateral line near Ochraceous-Buff; underparts white; feet pale yellow above, slightly darker below; ears essentially same as. dorsum; tail sparsely haired and bicolor, dark above, pale yellowish below; vibrissae black. Skull: Large, massive and relatively narrow (see measurements); nasals long, slender and tapering posteriorly; rostrum broad across nasolachrymal capsules; zygomatic region massive, arches relatively narrow and constricted slightly across jugals; zygo- matic notch (at anterior opening of infraorbital foramen as viewed from above) deep; zygomatic processes of maxillae and squamosals broad and massive in lateral view; braincase and interorbital region 1 United States National Museum, Washington, D. C. 21st Lt., MSC, Field Unit of the Commission on Hemorrhagic Fever, Armed Forces Epidemiological Board, and Department of Entomology, Army Medical Service Graduate School, Washington, D. C. 28—Proc. Bio. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (167) ; { Oo 47 a) amd JUS -~, - ? 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Pceemep ds very © = Bo SF a o a S ion S60 o6°0 = Q er a + B 8 = Sees toe 38 oft 8 m3 mR 5 Es 3. ut Ss = a ae: =e S srnuw shiwo1ipy FO sotsodsqns [V10AES JO SJUSWLOINSvOU [VIUvIQ “T 91qQeY, Johnson and Jones—Three New Rodents from Korea 169 broad; braincase relatively shallow; toothrows relatively short; meso- pterygoid fossa narrow, pterygoids not especially divergent posteriorly ; incisive foramina narrow, not reaching level of molariform toothrow; auditory bullae only moderately inflated. Measurements.—External measurements of the type specimen and a young adult male are, respectively, as follows: Total length, 160, 147; length of tail vertebrae, 84, 81; length of hind foot, 18, 17; length of ear from. notch, 10, 10. For cranial measurements see Table 1. Comparisons—F rom Micromys minutus ussuricus of the adjacent Ko- rean mainland (specimens from various localities in central and southern Korea), M. m. hertigi differs in: Dorsal coloration, in comparable pelages, conspicuously brighter ochraceous, especially mid-dorsally; skull larger in all measurements taken (especially breadth of braincase, occi- pitonasal and nasal lengths, and zygomatic and interorbital breadths) except depth of braincase and length of toothrows; zygomatic notch deeper; zygomatic processes of maxillae and squamosals broader and more massive; nasals narrower and more tapering posteriorly; meso- pterygoid fossa relatively narrower, pterygoids less divergent posteriorly. From Micromys minutus pygmaeus of central and southern China (speci- mens from Yochow, Hunan), UM. m. hertigi differs in: Dorsal coloration brighter ochraceous; occipitonasal length, nasal length and zygomatic breadth greater; braincase much broader but not so deep; zygomatic notch deeper; nasals narrower; pterygoids less divergent posteriorly. Remarks.—M. m. hertigi seemingly differs from all other described races of Micromys minutus in the Orient in generally larger cranial size, a deeper zygomatic notch, broader braincase and brighter ochraceous dorsal coloration. We have seen no specimens of Micromys minutus aoki of Tsushima Island or Micromys minutus japonicus of southern Japan. However, judging from the descriptions and measurements given by Kuroda (1922:43-44 and 1933:243-244) and measurements listed by Imaizumi (1949:264), both differ from hertigi in much the same manner as does ussuricus, that is to say, in smaller cranial dimensions and duller ochraceous dorsal pelage. Additional measurements of UM. m. pygmaeus from South China are listed by Allen (1940:963-964). Specimens from the Korean mainland are uniformly darker in dorsal coloration than hertigi save for a specimen from Songu-ri which ap- proaches it in color. An adult male from 5 miles west of Kwangju, southwestern Korea, approaches hertigi in some cranial measurements. We know of no previous report of harvest mice from Quelpart Island. The subspecies herein described is presumed to occur throughout the island in suitable habitat. Both specimens were trapped in rank grass along an improvised airstrip within sight of the East China Sea. Traps were baited with rolled oats. Patronymic recognition is accorded Dr. Marshall Hertig, Director, Commission on Hemorrhagic Fever, Armed Forees Epidemiological Board, without whose cooperation and under- standing our Korean collections could not have been gathered. Specimens examined.—Two, from the type locality (USNM 299103 and 299104). Apodemus agrarius pallescens, new subspecies Type.—Adult female in summer pelage, skin and skull, United States National Museum no. 299161, from 8 miles southwest of Kunsan, 10 170 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington meters, Korea; obtained 26 September 1954 by J. Knox Jones, Jr., original no. 1713. Distribution.—Coastal areas of southern and southwestern Korea. Diagnosis ——Upper parts drab ochraceous, sides pale ochraceous; dark dorsal stripe pale and indistinct; size, both external and cranial, rela- tively large. Description.—Size: Large among subspecies of agrarius from the eastern Asiatic mainland, tail shorter than head and body; hind feet and ears moderately large (see measurements). Color: Upper parts (summer pelage) near Light Ochraceous-Buff, lined with black and giving an overall drab ochraceous appearance; sides somewhat paler in color; dorsal stripe indistinct; feet pale yellowish-white above, darker below; ears light brownish with anterior fringe of Ochraceous-Buff hairs; tail indistinctly bicolor, pale brownish above, lighter below; underparts grayish-white. Skull: Relatively large (see measurements), similar to A. a. coreae; zygomatic and interorbital regions relatively broad; zygomatic arches rather straight in jugal area as viewed from above, usually broadest across processes of squamosals; incisive fora- mina slightly expanded posteriorly; auditory bullae moderately inflated; rostrum somewhat shortened; interparietal bone broad; supraorbital ridges well developed; mesoterygoid fossa wide, pterygoids divergent posteriorly. Measurements.—External and cranial measurements of the type speci- men, followed by average and extreme measurements of eight other adults (five males and three females) from the type locality, are as follows: Total length, 205, 205.1 (195-217); length of tail vertebrae, 90, 90.0 (79-94); length of hind foot, 22, 22.0 (21-23); length of ear from notch, 14, 14.4 (14-15); oecipitonasal length, 28.8, 27.9 (27.1-29.0; basal length, 24.5, 23.9 (23.4-25.0); zygomatic breadth, 13.7, 13.0 (12.5- 13.5); interorbital breadth, 4.5, 4.5 (4.3-4.8); depth of brainecase, 8.4, 8.2 (7.9-8.4); length of incisive foramina, 5.6, 5.6 (5.3-6.0); length of upper molariform toothrow, 4.1, 4.3 (4.1-4.4); length of nasals, 10.8, 10.5 (10.1-10.9). Comparisons.—From Apodemus agrarius coreae, geographically ad- jacent to the north (specimens from various localities in central Korea), A. a. pallescens differs in: Dorsal coloration averaging drabber and paler, sides with less ochraceous wash; dark dorsal stripe paler and less distinct; size averaging slightly larger in both external and cranial dimensions. The skull of pallescens is very similar to that of coreae. From Apodemus agrarius pallidior of the Shantung Peninsula and ad- jacent coastal areas of North China (specimens from Tientsin, China), A. a. pallescens differs in: Larger in all external and most cranial dimensions; skull in general more robust; braincase deeper; dorsal color (compared with pallidior in winter pelage) less gray, dorsal stripe much less distinct. For comparisons with the mice of Quelpart Island, see the following account. Remarks.—A podemus agrarius pallescens is apparently the most drab- colored subspecies of the species in eastern Asia and can be distin- guished from other described races on the basis of that character. A cline exists in the color of pelage of Apodemus agrarius from the sub- species mantchuricus of the forested mountainous areas of Manchuria (dark), southward to the coastal areas of the southern parts of Korea Johnson and Jones—Three New Rodents from Korea 171 (pale). We also note, to a lesser extent, a correlated increase in size. Thomas (1908:8) has described coreae from near the middle portion of this cline. The race pallescens here described represents the southern terminus of it. A parallel cline, at least in color, appears to run westward from the range of mantchuricus to culminate in the pale race, pallidor, of north- eastern China. Specimens examined.—Sixty-nine, all from Korea, as follows: 8 mi. SW Kunsan, 10 meters, 28 (USNM 299143-170); 5 mi. W Kwangju, 13 meters, 16 (USNM 299171-186); Mokp’o, 100-300 feet, 4 (British Museum 6.12.6.56-59) ; 5 mi. ENE Pusan, 2 meters, 16 (USNM 299187- 201); Pusan, 5 (USNM 298164-167, British Museum 6.12.6.55). Apodemus agrarius chejuensis, new subspecies Type.—Adult male in summer pelage, skin and skull, United States National Museum no. 299204, from 10 miles northeast of Mosulp’o, 420 meters, Cheju Do (Quelpart Island), Korea; obtained 7 September 1954 by George W. Byers, original no. 1641 of J. Knox Jones, Jr. Distribution—Known only from Cheju Do, Korea. Diagnosis—Upper parts dark ochraceous; underparts gray tinged with buff; dark dorsal stripe distinct; size large in all external measure- ments taken; skull large (especially in occipitonasal, basal and nasal lengths) and relatively massive. Description.—Size: Larger than in any named subspecies of Apodemus agrarius; tail relatively long, but shorter than head and body; hind feet and ears large (see measurements). Color: Upper parts (summer pelage) between Ochraceous-Buff and Raw Sienna, moderately to heavily lined with black and giving an average overall glossy, dark-ochraceous appearance; sides somewhat lighter in color; dorsal stripe distinct, black; feet grayish above (except for white hairs surrounding nails), blackish below; ears blackish-brown with anterior fringe of orange- ochraceous hairs; tail indistinctly bicolor, blackish above, lighter below. Skull: Large (see measurements); nasals long; zygomatic and inter- orbital regions massive; zygomatic processes of maxillae and squamosals large; braincase deep and relatively narrow; rostrum long, relatively Narrow across nasolachrymal capsules; supraorbital ridges well devel- oped; incisive foramina long; mesopterygoid fossa wide, pterygoids divergent posteriorly; bullae moderately inflated. Measurements.—External and cranial measurements of the type speci- men, followed by average and extreme measurements of eight other adults (seven males and one female) from the vicinity of the type locality, are as follows: Total length, 221, 223.1 (216-232); length of tail vertebrae, 104, 102.6 (96-107) ; length of hind foot, 23, 24.0 (23-25) ; length of ear from notch, 15, 15.7 (15-17); occipitonasal length, 30.2, 30.1 (29.5-30.6) ; basal length, 25.6, 25.5 (25.0-26.3) ; zygomatic breadth, 13.6, 13.7 (13.0-14.4) ; interorbital breadth, 4.8, 4.8 (4.6-5.1); depth of brainease, 8.8, 8.5 (8.2-9.1); length of incisive foramina, 5.7, 5.8 (5.7- 6.0); length of upper molariform toothrow, 4.4, 4.4 (4.2-4.5); length of nasals, 11.7, 11.5 (11.0-11.7). Comparisons.—F rom Apodemus agrarius pallescens of the coastal areas of southern Korea, A. a. chejuensis differs in: Size, both external and cranial, much larger; upper parts, feet tail and ears darker; dorsal 172 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington stripe more distinct; underparts more buffy. A. a. chejuensis differs in most of the same features from A. a. pallidior of the Shantung Penin- sula and from A. a. mantchuricus of Manchuria and A.a. coreae of cen- ‘tral Korea. The dorsal coloration approaches that of mantchuricus but is richer and has a more cinereous appearance. Remarks.—A podemus agrarius chejuensis is larger, both externally and eranially, than any other described subspecies of Apodemus agrarius and is easily distinguished from the other known races. The rich, dark coloration of chejuensis seems to reflect the color of the dark, reddish voleanic soils of the island where it is found. Thomas (1907:863) and Kuroda (1934:233) have previously reported specimens from Quelpart Island but neither separated them subspecifi- cally from the adjacent mainland population. Lack of adequate com- parative material and the small numbers of specimens available to them may explain the fact that these earlier workers failed to recognize this well marked insular race. Specimens examined.—Thirty-one, all from Cheju Do, Korea, as fol- lows: 2 mi. SE Mosulp’o, 3 meters, 3 (USNM 299220-222); 4 mi. E Mosulp’o, 100 meters, 5 (USNM 299215-219); 6 mi. NE Mosulp’o, 200 meters, 9 (USNM 299207-214 and 299627); 10 mi. NE Mosulp’o, 420 meters, 5 (USNM 299203-206 and 299626); 6 mi. NNE Sogwi-ri, 460 meters, 2 (USNM 299223-224); no exact locality, 3000-4500 feet, 7 (British Museum 6.12.6.5-11). LITERATURE CITED Allen, Glover M. 1940. The mammals of China and Mongolia. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York, 2:621-1350. Imaizumi, Yoshinori. 1949. The natural history of Japanese mammals. Tokyo, 348 p. Kuroda, Nagamichi. 1922. Notes on the mammal fauna of Tsushima and Iki islands, Japan. Jour. Mamm., 3:42-45, February 8. . 1933. A new form of Micromys from Hondo, Japan. Jour. Mamm., 14:243-244, August 17. 1934. Korean mammals preserved in the collection of Marquis Yamashina. Jour. Mamm., 15:229-239, August 10. Ridgway, Robert. 1912. Color standards and color nomenclature. Wash- ington, published by the author. Thomas, Oldfield. 1907. The Duke of Bedford’s Zoological Exploration in Eastern Asia—II. List of small mammals from Korea and Quel- part. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1906: 858-865, April 11. 1908. The Duke of Bedford’s Zoological Exploration in Eastern Asia—VI. List of mammals from the Shantung Peninsula, N. China. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1908:5-10, July 3. Vol. 68, pp. 175-176 December 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Li BOW BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON / j/ A NEW CHIPMUNK FROM KOREA By Davin H. JoHnson! anp J. KNox JONES, JR.” Study of Korean mammals in the United States National Museum has revealed the existence of a new chipmunk of the species Hutamias sibiricus. This is the second contribution from a cooperative investigation currently being carried out by the U. 8. National Museum, the Commission on Hemor- rhagic Fever, Armed Forces Epidemiological Board, and the Army Medical Service Graduate School. All measurements are in millimeters. Capitalized color terms are from Ridgway (Color standards and color nomenclature, Washington, 1912). Eutamias sibiricus barberi, new subspecies Type.—Adult female in summer pelage, skin and skull, United States National Museum no. 298042, from Central National Forest, near Pup’- yong-ni (37° 44’ N, 127° 12’ E), Korea; obtained 26 August 1952 by William H. Lawrence, original no. B12068. Distribution—Central and southern parts of Korea. Diagnosis.—Upper parts and sides with conspicuous ochraceous tinge; rump washed with rufous; underparts of tail orange-ochraceous; skull large and distinctly rounded in lateral profile; rostrum conspicuously down-eurved; upper incisors distinctly recurved. Description.—Size medium for species (see measurements). Color (summer pelage): Crown and dark facial stripes between Ochraceous- Orange and Ochraceous-Tawny, mixed with black; cheeks near Ochra- ceous-Buff, finely lined with black; postauricular patch and posterior half of outer surface of ear grayish-white; nape of neck grayish; three median dark dorsal stripes black, finely lined with dark ochraceous; outermost dark dorsal stripes more suffused with dark ochraceous; inner pair of light dorsal stripes averaging between Ochraceous-Buff and Ochraceous-Orange, lighter anteriorly; outer light dorsal stripes whitish, tinged with pale ochraceous; lower sides darker, approaching Ochraceous- Buff; rump heavily washed with rufous; feet dull orange-ochraceous above, dark below; underparts whitish, hairs wholly white on chin, throat, and inner sides of legs, gray-based elsewhere; tail blackish, conspicuously frosted with white above; median ventral area of tail between Ochraceous-Buff and Ochraceous-Orange. Skull: Large and robust though relatively narrow (see measurements); dorsal outline 1 United States National Museum, Washington, D. C. 2ist Lt., MSC, Field Unit of the Commission on Hemorrhagic Fever, Armed Forces Epidemiological Board, and Department of Entomology, Army Medical Ser- vice Graduate School, Washington, D. C. 30—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (175) er 176 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington distinctly rounded in lateral profile; rostrum broad and conspicuously down-curved; upper incisors distinctly recurved; cheekteeth relatively small; mesopterygoid fossa relatively narrow, its lateral margins paral- lel; pterygoids slightly divergent posteriorly; auditory bullae small. Measurements.—External and cranial measurements of the type speci- men, followed by average and extreme measurements of eight other adults (one male and seven females) from the type locality, are as follows: Total length, 267, 270.1 (258-285); length of tail vertebrae, 104, 118.8 (102-129); length of hind foot, 36, 37.8 (35-40); length of ear, 17, 18.3 (17-19.5); occipitonasal length, 40.5, 40.8 (39.9-42.0) ; basal length, 34.7, 34.3 (33.9-34.9) ; zygomatic breadth, 22.8, 22.0 (21.7- 22.3); mastoid breadth, 16.5, 16.8 (16.5-17.3); breadth behind post- orbital processes, 11.3, 11.6 (10.8-12.3); length of nasals, 13.1, 13.3 (12.5-14.4); depth of skull, 15.4, 15.6 (15.2-15.9); length of upper molariform toothrow, 6.6, 6.5 (6.2-6.8). Comparisons.—From Eutamias sibiricus orientalis, geographically ad- jacent to the northeast (specimens from Nonsatong, northeastern Korea, and several localities in central and southern Manchuria), E. s. barberi differs in: Upper parts and sides, in general, more ochraceous, rump more rufous; dark dorsal stripes less distinct; under side of tail brighter ochraceous; skull slightly larger and more robust; its dorsal outline more rounded in lateral profile; rostrum more down-curved and averag- ing broader; upper incisors less procumbent; roof of skull in postorbital region broader. From the type specimen of Hutamias sibiricus senescens from 15 miles west of Peking, China, specimens of H. s. barberi differ in: Upper parts, in general, more ochraceous; dark dorsal stripes more distinct; rump decidedly more rufous; feet and under side of tail brighter ochraceous; skull narrower, especially across rostrum and zygo- matic arches; nasals averaging shorter; incisors more recurved; upper molariform teeth smaller. Remarks.—E. s. barberi is a well marked subspecies of Hutamias sibi- ricus. Some of the characters separating it from geographically adjacent subspecies are of the same magnitude as characters which separate full species of the same genus in western North America. We have named this new chipmunk for Albert A. Barber, formerly with the Field Unit of the Commission on Hemorrhagic Fever, who helped to obtain many of the Korean mammals now in the U. S. Na- tional Museum. Specimens examined.—Forty-one, all from Korea, as follows: Central National Forest, near Pup’yong-ni, 21 (USNM 298040-48, 299084-87, 299582; Mus. Nat. Hist., Univ. Kansas, 60404-09; Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, 99587); 1 mi. N Chinbu-ri, 400 meters, 1 (USNM 298945) ; 4 mi. N Chip’o-ri, 150 meters, 1 (USNM 298946); Chongyang-ni, 1 (USNM 298039); Hill 1468, 3 mi. SSE Sumil-li, 4 (USNM 298947, 299082-83, 299583); Kaloguai, 55 mi. NE Seoul, 1 (British Museum, 7.6.3.23) ; Kimhoa, 65 mi. NE Seoul, 4 (British Museum, 7.6.3.19-22) ; Kuksa-bong, 1 (USNM 298049); Sangbonch’on-ni, 1 (USNM 298944); Seoul, 3 (USNM 283634, 299599-600); Songu-ri, 3 (USNM 294632, 298037-38). Vol. 68, pp. 177-178 December 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Ve ‘BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON | J /\\\\ 7 EUMOPS) FROM BRAZIL By CuHarues O. HANDLEY, JR. Included in a group of bats received by the U. S. National Museum as an exchange from the Museu Paulista, Sao Paulo, Brazil, in 1904, is a specimen apparently distinct from named species. It may be recognized by the following de- scription : Eumops amazonicus sp. nov. Holotype.—U.S.N.M. no. 123827; young adult, skin and skull (digital epiphyses ossified and teeth slightly worn); collected in 1899, by ‘“Bicego’’?; Manados, Amazonas, Brazil; Museu Paulista number 365a. Distribution—Known only from the type locality. Description—Tooth formula, 1/2—1/1—2/2—3/3 = 30. Upper in- cisors in contact with one another at base but tips divergent, one milli- meter apart; cingula of incisor and canine separated by 0.25 mm. space; upper canine small, both in height and in diameter at cingulum; P1 in toothrow, not crowded, touching canine but not touching P#; P4 relatively small and compact, outline at cingulum not showing bulges of cusp bases; M3 with third commissure almost as long as second and metacone almost as high as mesostyle. Mandibular toothrow not ex- cessively crowded; incisors arranged in semicircle, only slightly imbri- cated; talonid of Ms, with two prominant cusps. Mesopterygoid fossa broad anteriorly, narrowing posteriorly; basisphenoid pits large, deep, and well defined, considerably exceeding mandibular fossae in area; palate extending posteriorly about one millimeter beyond level of rear edges of third molars; brain case shallow; rostrum narrow; lach- rymal ridges and sagittal and lambdoidal crests only slightly developed. Lips apparently without wrinkles; tragus small, with rounded tip; auricle probably extending beyond tip of snout when laid forward; keel of auricle, 11.6 mm.; connecting membrane on forehead seemingly about 3 mm. high. Connecting membrane and inner edge of keel, anterior base of forearm, and membrane posterointernal to wrist, hairy. Other parts of auricle, face, and membranes essentially naked. Dorsum rich blackish brown, considerably more blackish than Carob Brown; bases of hairs like tips on lower back, paler than tips on nape and upper back; hairs of underparts tricolor, whitish at base and tip, brownish medially, mass effect about Verona Brown (capitalized color terms from Ridgway, Color standards and color nomenclature, 1912). Measurements (in millimeters).—Greatest length (not including in- cisors) 17.3, basal length 14.9, zygomatic breadth 10.6, interorbital breadth 4.0, mastoidal breadth 9.8, depth of brain case (not including auditory bullae) 5.9, maxillary toothrow 6.7, palatal breadth (between 31—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (177) arn a « nce 178 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington outer margins of M3) 7.4, post-palatal length (posterior margin of palate to anteroventral lip of forarmen magnum) 7.7, breadth of mesop- terygoid fossa 2.5, forearm 36, tibia 11.5. Comparisons.—Eumops amazonicus agrees in all details with Miller’s diagnosis of the genus EHumops (Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 57:257, 1907). For diagnoses of other species of this genus, see: Sanborn, Jour. Mamm., 13 (4) :347, 1932; Goodwin, American Mus. Novit., 1075:2, 1940; Benson, Proce. Biol. Soe. Washington, 60::133, 1947; Hall & Villa, Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1(22) :445, 1949. Eumops amazonicus is most like H. hansae Sanborn, but is consider- ably smaller (greatest length of skull 17.3 mm. as opposed to 20.7 mm.; forearm 36 mm. in contrast to 41.5 mm.). Characters of the upper incisors, canine, P4, M3, palate, and basisphenoid pits are similar in the two species, and they agree in having the forearm relatively shorter than any other species of the genus. The forearm is about twice the greatest length of the skull in amazonicus and hansae, about two and one-half times the greatest length in other species. Eumops amazonicus resembles E. bonariensis (specimens from Asun- cion and Villa Rica, Paraguay) in size, but differs from it in many dental and eranial details. HE. bonariensis has the upper incisors with less divergent tips; the upper canine larger, almost touching I1 and P4 and forcing P! out of toothrow; P* wider and the bases of the cusps bulging at the cingulum; the third commissure of M® shorter than the second commissure; the lower incisors more crowded; the posterior border of the palate about at the level of the posterior edge of M?; the mesopterygoid fossa narrow anteriorly and broadening posteriorly; the basisphenoid pits small, shallow, and somewhat ill-defined, equaled or surpassed in area by the mandibular fossae; the lachrymal, sagittal, and lambdoidal crests better developed; and the brain case deeper (its depth equal to 43-44 per cent of the basal length in #. bonariensis, 40 per cent in E. amazonicus). Specimen examined.—The holotype. Vol. 68, pp. 179-182 December 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON” « wii FOUR NEW AMERICAN CHILOPODS\. RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN ) twee ~ The following species of chilopods are herewith described as new. Scolopendridae Scolopendra malkini new species Color light testaceous brown. Head without sulci. smooth and non-punctate. Antennae composed of 30-31 articles. First tergite with a deep cervical suleus but with no longitudinal sulci. The other tergites from the second to the penult bisuleate. Last tergite with no median sulcus, its caudal margin conspicuously convex or arcuate. Prehensors with plate smooth and without a transverse sulcus; pro- sternal teeth 4 +4, the two innermost on each side fused except at tips. Last coxae each with a conical process which bears six spinules; caudal margin of coxa ectad of the process also with a spinule. Prefemur of anal legs with a short, distally rounded, process at inner distal corner, bearing above 4-6 spinules; numerous spinules on mesal and ventral surface, these forming 5-6 longitudinal series with 5-7 spinules in each series; the other joints without spinules. Legs one to twenty with a tarsal spine. Length, 45 mm. Locality.— Mexico: Sonora, Estero de Sargente, 25 mm. south of De- semboque. One specimen taken August 12, 1953 by Borys Malkin (#95). Structurally this species is near to S. pachygnatha Pocock, which was described from Zacatecas. It differs in the more numerous articles of the antennae and in having a well developed conical caudal process on the last coxae as well as in the spining of the anal legs. Chilenophilidae Cheiletha phoenix new species Sides of head parallel over middle portion of length, curving at ends to the straight posterior and anterior margins. Head longer than wide in the ratio 7:5. No frontal suture evident. Basal plate trapeziform, about as wide posteriorly as the greatest width of the head. Prehensors much exposed from above, the claws when closed surpassing the end of the first antennal article; claw with a conical tooth at base and a blunt tooth present at distal end of femuroid; prosternum with two rounded tubercles on anterior margin, these small; no sclerotic lines on prosternum. One elypeal spot which is distinetly areolate. Lateral pieces of labrum meeting in front of the middle piece as usual. First maxillae with two pairs of long sensory lappets. 32—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (179) ACP o 1 10hK 180 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Dorsal plates bisuleate and punctate. Sternites with a median sulcus; strongly punctate, the punctae subdensely arranged. Ventral pores not detected. Spiracles all circular, the first decidedly larger than the second. Last ventral plate moderately wide, its sides straight and converging caudad. Coxal pores about nine on each side, arranged in a subelleptic line along margin of sternite and middle of coxal surface. Anal pores present. Pairs of legs in the female holotype, 57. Length, about 26 mm. Loeality—Arizona: Phoenix, South Mts. One female taken April 10, 1953. This species differs from C. alaska, the generotype, in having the teeth of the labrum much stouter, the fewer coxal pores and their arrangement. Cheiletha kincaidi new species General color yellow, with head and prehensors chestnut. Basal plate overlapped by the cephalic, about as wide posteriorly as the head where widest. Prehensors much exposed from above as in the other known species, the claws when closed surpassing the distal end of the first antennal article. Anterior margin of the prosternum un- armed; a small tooth at distal end of femuroid and one at base of claw, the intermediate joints each with each with a minute or abortive denticle. The lappets of the first maxillae two on each side, these especially long and conspicuous. Coxae of the second maxillae connected at the middle only by a narrow, finely areolate isthmus. Dorsal plates bisuleae, smooth. All spiracles circular, the first much larger than the second. A few of the most anterior sternites angularly produced behind, the angle more or less overlapped by the succeeding plate. Last ventral plate long and narrow, narrowing caudad. Coxal pores about twelve, one more isolated in caudal position, the others chiefly along sternite and tergite, leaving the median part of the surface usually free of pores. Anal pores present. Pairs of legs, 47-49. Length, 25-27 mm. Locality—Washington: Ocean Park. Three specimens taken July 22, 1954, by Professor Trevor Kincaid, for whom the species is named. Ethopolidae Ethopolys bipunctatus insulatus new subspecies Body showing very little pigment, faintly yellowish. Ocelli unpigmented; 1—4, 3, 3, with the single ocellus large, the others very small. Antennae long, composed of twenty long, slender articles. Prosternal teeth very small, 3-6 + 6-3, the outer three separated from the others by a diastema, the innermost tooth of the outer three minute and the innermost tooth of the inner group also minute and located down the margin of the median sinus. Anal legs long and unmodified in the male; ventral spines 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, Chamberlin—Four New American Chilopods 181 the dorsal spines 1, 0, 2, 1, 0 with the claw armed with an accessory claw. Penult legs with ventral spines 1, 0, 2, 2, 2,; the dorsal spines 1, 0, 2, 1, 1; an accessory claw present. Dorsal plates rugose, none with posterior angles produced. Coxal pores small and multiseriate in the usual manner. Length, about 11 mm. Locality.—Utah: Stansbury Island, in ‘‘Spider Cave.’’ One male taken November 8, 1952. In the proportionately great length of antennae agreeing with JZ. bipunctatus but a much smaller species which also differs, e.g., in having three teeth ectad of the diastema in the prosternal series instead of two, ete. It is, however, of not more than subspecifie rank. 182 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Vol. 68, pp. 183-184 - December 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS he OF THE AAs iy aN BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON @ ‘ ! \ i ee ee BN 12 1958 ) TWO NEW JERBOAS FROM EGYPT “LipRARY By Henry W. SETZER United States National Museum Collections of mammals from Egypt are being studied to determine the taxonomic status and geographic distribution of the various species within the confines of that country. As a result of this study, two subspecies of jerboas are found to differ from previously named kinds. The specimens on which the following descriptions are based have been made available for study by the U. S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 of Cairo, and by the authorities of the Chicago Natural History Museum. All measurements are in millimeters and the capital- ized color terms are from Ridgway’s Color Standards and Color Nomenclature. Jaculus jaculus elbaensis subsp. nov. Type.——Chicago Natural History Museum, number 82295, adult male, skin and skull, from Wadi Darawena, (36° 22’ E, 22° 11’ N) Jebel Elba, Sudan Government Administrative Area, Egypt. Obtained 9 March 1954 by Makram Kaiser, original number 10084 of Harry Hoogstraal. Specimens examined.—Fifteen, from: Sudan Government Administra- tiwe Area, Bir Sarrara, 1; Wadi Darawena, Jebel Elba, 1; 3 mi. N Jebel Elba, 1; 2144 mi. N Jebel Elba, 5; Hastern Desert Governorate, Bir Abraq, 6; Wadi Na’am, 1. Diagnosis.—General overall dorsal coloration Clay Color. Individual hairs plumbeous at base, banded with Cinnamon-Buff, and finely tipped with black. Entire underparts, hip stripe, dorsal surfaces of hands and feet, and tip of tail pure white. Length of tail, hind foot and ear about normal for the species. Skull with auditory bullae markedly inflated posteriorly. Top of skull not domed; rostrum wide; zygomatic arches rather massive; upper incisors broad and anteroposteriorly thick- ened; palate broad. Measurements of the type specimen.—Total length 276; length of tail 178; length of hind foot 63; length of ear 22; greatest length of skull 33.0; condyloincisive length 28.2; crown length of upper molariform toothrow 4.6; greatest breadth across anterior zygomatic processes 23.3; least interorbital breadth 11.8; median length of nasals 12.2; breadth of rostrum at level of eel eonomen 4.9; greatest breadth of brain- case 23.1. Comparisons:—F rom Jaculus eins butleri, which is the subspecies closest. geographically, J. j. elbaensis differs in brighter color in com- parable pelages, larger size, markedly larger skull in all respects, par- ticularly a greater posterior inflation of the auditory bullae, shorter 33—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VoL. 68, 1955 (183) ACT e 1 1045 184 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington space between the hard palate and the ventral anterior inflation of the auditory bullae, markedly larger upper incisors, wider rostrum, and somewhat larger upper molars. From Jaculus jaculus jaculus, as known from Giza Province, Jaculus jaculus elbaensis differs in somewhat darker color, (with more admixture of red). The skull of elbaensis is larger, the auditory bullae more in- flated posteriorly, the anterior palatine foramina larger, the upper incisors larger, the upper molars larger, and the space between the hard palate and the ventral anterior inflation of the auditory bullae shorter. Remarks.—The specimen from Wadi Na’am shows intergradation in color between J. j. jaculus and J. j. elbaensis. In addition, the cranium of this specimen also shows characters which can be interpreted as inter- gradation in the degree of inflation of the auditory bullae, the distance between the hard palate and the ventral anterior inflation of the audi- tory bullae, and in the degree of doming of the skull. In the majority of the characters studied this specimen seems nearer to J. j. elbaensis and is so referred. No intergradation can be demonstrated, as yet, between J. j. butleri and J. j. elbaensis. Jaculus jaculus favillus subsp. nov. Type.—Chicago Natural History Museum, no. 75708, adult female, skin and skull, from Bir Bosslanga, Salum, Western Desert Governorate, Egypt. Obtained 25 October 1953 by Harry Hoogstraal, original number 9718. Specimens examined.—Five, from: Western Desert Governorate, Bir Bosslanga, 1; Mersa Matruh, 1, Sidi Barrani, 3. Diagnosis—Upper parts, in general overall color, near Buckthorn Brown, hairs banded with pure color near Tawny Olive. All hairs plumbeous at base and rather broadly tipped with black. Hind foot relatively long and broad. Skull large; auditory bullae markedly in- flated both ventrally and posteriorly; rostrum broad; dorsal surface of skull rather more arched than usual. Measurements of the type specimen.—Total length 296; length of tail 181; length of hind foot 64; length of ear 26; greatest length of skull 34.0; condyloincisive length 29.9; greatest breadth across anterior zygo- matic processes 23.0; least interorbital breadth 12.6; median length of nasals 11.8; breadth of rostrum at level of antorbital foramen 5.0; greatest breadth of braincease 23.5. Comparisons.—Jaculus jaculus favillus may be distinguished from J. j. jaculus, as known from Abu Ghalib, Giza Province, by its darker color, longer hind foot and longer ear. The skulls of favillus may be differentiated by markedly larger size, more pronounced inflation of the auditory bullae, wider rostrum, and generally longer anterior palatine foramina. Remarks.—This subspecies apparently represents an eastward exten- sion of the Libyan fauna into extreme western Egypt where the influ- ence of the more humid sections of the Mediterranean littoral is exerted on numerous other kinds of animals and plants, many of which are stopped in their eastward range by the harsh conditions existing in the Egyptian deserts. Vol. 68, pp. 185-192 December 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 7 ex win a Lk A a ke / Sea a i iA vt writ STATUS OF THE GENERIC NAME ZORILBA ~, (MAMMALIA) : NOMENCLATURE SS BY RULE OR BY CAPRICE By Puiuie HERSHKOVITZ Chicago Natural History Museum An article by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1954) en- titled ‘‘Ictonyx Kaup, 1835, the correct generic name, and Ictonyx striatus (Perry), 1810, the correct specific name for the African Stinkmuishond,’’ brings to the fore three funda- mental issues, as follows. I. Shall a generic name be applied to some one of the animals originally described under that name, or may it be restricted to an animal alien to the original description of the genus? II. Shall the type of a genus be one of the species included in the original definition of that genus, or may it be some other species se- lected by a future reviser? Ili. Shall a post-Linnaean taxonomic work that has been printed, distributed and consistently cited in scientific publications for its valid binomials be duly recognized, or may it be suppressed in part or in whole according to the dictates of convenience or prejudice? The first question refers to the status of the generic name Zorilla. Hershkovitz (1953: 378-379) deemed it relevant to present a full tran- scription of the original description of the genus Zorilla I. Geoffroy as documentary evidence for the pertinence of that name to African polecats. Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1953, 1954) have made it evi- dent, on the other hand, that they regard the text of the description of Zorilla as irrelevant because they make no allusions to it in their at- tempt to justify application of the name to American polecats currently and correctly referred to the genus Spilogale Gray. To facilitate ex- amination of the problem, a literal translation of the description of: Zorilla I. Geoffroy (1826:215) is given herewith. “ Q sev es G2 GE EP g2 EE Ee gS ue) 3 o 2 i OF a ct ay ac ct =) ct mo ct Bec ey ee Cipes og eee gas) | ea Re) Ee SHA oO 5 3 on qe 2 =) iS), SR. 3 Fh a ep a FS) = 628 By fe ENS = = an 2° 8 "sulof snosoryy JO Sotdodsqns OMY FO S}USMOINSBvOM [VIURID “T ATAVL 196 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Vol. 68, pp. 197-204 December 31, 1955 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHING THREE NEW SPECIES OF CINARA (APHIDAE)— —= By EF. €. Horrss It is a pleasure to acknowledge the assistance of Dr. L. G. Gentner, Prof. Carl Johansen and Mr. M. J. Forsell who sent me material for one of the new species described herewith. Cinara caliente n. sp. Apterous viviparous female. Size and color.—Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 2.02-2.17 mm. Width of head through eyes .47 mm.. Head dusky- gray if no powder is present, if with powder, dusky, mottled with powder, the powder not being uniform in distribution. Mid dorsal re- gion of thorax black, lateral regions of thorax with much powder and almost white. Black portion of prothorax narrow, that of mesothorax somewhat wider, that of metathorax still more extensive and as a rule more or less split in the mid posterior region. First abdominal seg- ment black, except for median region. Sometimes the black on the thorax and the first abdominal segment gives the appearance of an inverted V, the arms of which extend lateral to the abdomen. Remainder of abdomen except for cornicles which are black, dusky-gray more or less mottled with powder, the dusky being more abundant between the cornicles, and extending from them in an irregular pattern towards the middle. First and second antennal segments dusky, base of third, fourth and fifth antennal segments white, with the tips of the segments light dusky, all of the sixth antennal segment dusky. Femora with proximal region white, remainder dusky. Tibiae with short dusky region near base followed by a clear area to about the middle, remainder of tibiae dusky. Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .27-.32 mm., [IV .10-.13 mm., V .17 mm. VI .09 + .02-.03 mm. Sen- soria distributed as follows: III 0-1 almost always none, IV none, V 1 with primary sensorium always present. Antennal hair very sparce, rather spine-like, less than half width of segment in length. All an- tennal segments except the extreme tip of the sixth smooth. Hairs on anterior portion of head slightly longer than on the third antennal segment, of the same type and rather sparce. Marginal sensoria on sixth antennal segment small, few in number and often difficult to de- termine. Ocular tubercles present but very small, much rounded. Ros- trum when extended reaching beyond metathorax, in a few cases almost reaching the anterior portion of the cornicles. Hair on femora short, almost spine-like. Hind tibiae 1.29 mm. in length. Hair on hind tibiae slightly longer than width of tibiae on outer margin slightly shorter than width on inner, rather sparce, and spine-like, set at an angle of 36—Proc. Bion. Soc. WasH., Von. 68, 1955 (197) ARO @ + INE. 198 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington about forty-five degrees. Hair at apex of tibiae longest. First tarsal segment with about eight hairs on the ventral surface, these are located on the apical half of the segment, these hairs are rather short. Hairs on dorsal surface of second tarsal segment fewer and longer than those on the ventral surface, they are also more spine-like. Abdomen.—Dorsum of abdomen with a few short spine-like hairs, hairs on ventral surface numerous, longer and finer than those on the dorsum. Dorsum of abdomen with a few small irregular shaped pigment spots, these show no particular arrangement and vary in size. These spots are more or less wrinkled and suggest the pigmented spots on the dorsum of C. laricis (Hartig) except for size, the larger spots as a tule have two hairs, the smaller ones one. Hair on the dorsum is not confined to the pigmented spots, in length it is about .02 mm. or only slightly more. Outer base of cornicles very irregular, varying from -20-.25 mm. Cornicles provided with very few hairs, in most cases not more than six, rarely eight, and often as few as four, these may be as short as those on the dorsum of the abdomen, or slightly longer. Trans- verse pigmented areas anterior to cauda very irregular in outline more or less united, and with about three hairs on each half. Hairs on cauda confined largely to outer margin. Alate viviparous female. This form which varies from 1.80-2.10 mm. in length is suggestive of the apterous viviparous female in color of head and abdomen. The throacie lobes are gray or more or less white if provided with powder, the powder being as a rule rubbed on the edges of the lateral lobes. Secondary sensoria with the following distribution: III zero—2, IV zero to 1, V 1. The third antennal segment always with a primary sen- sorium, this may be present or lacking on the fourth antennal segment, so that this segment may be without sensoria, fifth segment with pri- mary sensorium. Media of fore wings two branched, the second branch closer to the margin of wing than to the first branch. Veins pale. Hind tibiae about 1.45 mm. in length. Hairs on hind tibiae longer than those of apterous viviparous female, and slightly more numerous. Lat- eral portions of lateral thoracic lobes free from hair. Anterior median thoracic lobe free from hairs, posterior thoracic lobe with only a few. Dorsum of abdomen free from pigmented spots. Transverse pigmented spots anterior to cauda very small divided, with three or four hairs on the posterior margin. Oviparous female. Similar to apterous viviparous female except for region posterior to cornicles which has a heavy coat of powder, this may extend forward in the mid dorsal! region to the middle of the cornicles, and in some few cases extend to and slightly cover the posterior margin of the cornicles. The hind tibiae are only slightly swollen, the sensoria on them extend the full length of the tibiae, but are not numerous. The cornicles of this form have a smaller base than the viviparous females, and the dorsum of the abdomen is almost free from pigmented spots, the few present being extremely small. Alate male. Head and thorax dusky, older specimens have little powder, the Hottes—Three New Species of Cinara 199 higher regions of the thoracic lobes being almost shining, the median thoracic lobe alone with heavy powder. Abdomen more or less greenish- gray, with some powder through which some dusky areas show. Mounted specimens show no pigmented spots on the dorsum of the abdomen. Length from vertex to end of anal plate about 2.10 mm. Secondary sensoria distributed as III 24-27, IV 5-7, V 4-6, VI 0-1. In Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara in ‘‘Aphids of The Rocky Mountain Region’’ this species keys to C.atra G&P. C. caliente differs greatly from C.atra, and it is necessary to mention only a few out- standing differences. C.atra is without powder, is black and shining, the first tarsal segment has extremely long somewhat curved or bent hairs on the ventral surface, the male is apterous, the fourth rostral segment is longer, and the alate viviparous female has more secondary sensoria on the third antennal segment. This species was first taken on two atypic much stunted trees of Pinus edulis. The terminal branches of which were extremely long and very very thin, and free from needles for long distances. The speci- mens being taken on the needle free areas in small groups. It was taken on no other trees, and was reared on the branches of other trees only with great difficulty and high mortality, after becoming established on the new host branches, equal difficulty was experienced, when the specimens were transferred to branches of the original host. Type locality seventeen miles south west of Delta, Colorado, on the road to Twenty-five Mile Mesa. Holotype, morphotypes and allotype reared in Grand Junction, Colorado on original material. Holotype, alate viviparous female Aug. 15, 1955, morphotype, ap- terous viviparous female Aug. 12, 1955, morphotype, oviparous female Sept. 26, 1955, allotype, alate male Sept. 17, 1955, all reared in Grand Junction, Colorado. All types deposited in the United States National Museum. Cinara pinata n. sp. Apterous viviparous female. Size and color, head.—Length of body from vertex of head to end of anal plate varying from 2.97-3.36 mm. Head and thorax dark dusky- brown with just a trace of powder. Dorsum of thorax with two small black spots to each segment. Dorsum of abdomen varying with season, in summer, deep brown to almost bronze, when thus, with a yellowish mid dorsal line and free from powder. In fall darker brown to deep dusky-brown, when thus with a median somewhat broken line of powder, and with a small patch of powder anterior to each cornicle, this powder may be only a small dash. Cornicles very dark brown and shining. Be- tween the cornicles there are two L shaped areas back to back, these are dull black, and are separated from each other either by the yellow- ish line or the line of powder. The rest of the dorsal surface of the abdomen is only moderately polished and rather rough, mounted speci- mens show this surface reticulated. First and second antennal segments similar to head. Third antennal segment yellowish except for apex which is dusky. Fourth and fifth antennal segments with basal half or more yellowish, remainder dusky. Sixth segment dusky. Sensoria with fol- lowing distribution: III 0-1 the sensorium if present is small, and may not be primary, IV 0-2, if only one sensorium is present it is apt to be 200 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Peat Cm Ta, ha. ne = =e gree S(Alate) 14. Morenetres O qs I erom para- a 5 mor photy sae). ze Ti ane —— Zz fog ws S NM. fa Plave i“ Viv, Holey Cinara pinata H. LA “ed. A ALL LL ga ALG “i =) 48 ot 60 Gon me 1 { 1 Ze. Cinara_ sonata H.' Hottes—Three New Species of Cinara 201 far removed from the apex, V 2, the primary sensorium on this segment is large and has a wide rim. The primary sensorium on the sixth seg- ment is large, has a wide rim, the marginal sensoria are few in number, have wide rims and are far removed from the primary. Unguis of sixth segment very short. Hair on antennae numerous rather up- standing about .06 mm. in length, the longest being just longer than the width of segment. Hair on sixth segment numerous for this seg- ment. Length of antennal segments as follows: III .41 mm., IV .15-.24 mm., V .17-.25 mm., VI .1 + .02 mm. Width of head through the eyes .67-.71 mm. Hair on dorsum of head .06-.08 mm. in length. Median suture of head narrow. Ocular tubercles moderately well developed. Extended rostrum reaching to or slightly beyond cornicles. Thorax.—Mesosternal tubercle present but not well developed. Fem- ora dusky-brown except for region near body which is yellowish. Tibiae with extreme base dusky, this area is followed by a yellowish region and this in turn is followed by dusky, the yellowish area is more ex- tensive on the pro and mesothoracic tibiae than on the metathoracic tibiae. Hair on hind tibiae numerous, curved from the middle down- wardly, about .06 mm. in length on the outer margin and less on the inner. Length of hind tibiae 1.93-2.14 mm. First tarsal segment .11 mm. in length, second tarsal segment .24-.26 mm. in length. The first tarsal segment has about twenty hairs on the ventral surface. The ventral surface of the second tarsal segment has the hairs more nu- merous than those on the dorsal surface, these hairs are also slightly shorter than the hairs on the dorsum of this segment. Abdomen.—Base of cornicles varying from .25-.40 mm. Outer margin of cornicles very irregular, mounted specimens show the cornicles two toned, the rim being much darker than the base. Hair on cornicles few, most numerous on the darker area. The dorsum of the abdomen has few hairs. The dorsum of the abdomen is reticulated, the reticula- tions are very small and very fine. Transverse pigmented spots large, provided with a row of long fine hairs on the posterior margin, an- terior to these there are two irregular shaped much broken pigmented spots, these have a few short spine-like hairs. The cauda is pale at the base, the hair being restricted to the posterior margin. Alate viviparous female. Color not observed when alive. Length from vertex to end of anal plate 2.9 mm. Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .40- 44 mm., IV .19-.23 mm., V .21-.27 mm., VI .1-.11 + .02-.03 mm. Sen- soria distributed as follows: III 3-5 secondary in a row plus primary sensorium, IV none to one secondary plus primary, V one plus primary. Length of hair on third antennal segment varying from .05-.07 mm. rather numerous and upstanding. Width of head through the eyes .65- .70 mm. Rostrum reaching almost to end of abdomen. Hind tibiae vary- ing from 2.1-2.4 mm. Hair on hind tibiae numerous about .08 mm. in length, fine and sharp-pointed, rather more numerous towards the apex. Width of base of cornicles .26-.30 mm. Media of fore wings twice branched the second branch about mid way between the first and the margin of the wing. The media of the holotype is not typical. 202 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Oviparous female. This form is quite similar to the apterous viviparous female, as a rule specimens are darker in color, but have no more powder, the mid line of powder on the dorsum may be lacking. The basal half of the hind tibiae is quite swollen and it is on this half that most of the sensoria are confined, few if any extending beyond the middle. The sensoria even on the basal half are extremely difficult to differentiate, but are numerous if not typical. Apterous male. In color this form is similar to immature females, being gray with patches. of powder in front of cornicles. It is 2.17 mm. in length. The antennal segments have the following lengths: III .39, IV .18 mm., V 19 mm., VI .11 + .02 mm. Secondary sensoria distributed as follows: TIT 13-17, IV 5, V 1-2. The primary sensorium on the third antennal segment is small, the primary sensoria on the fourth and fifth segments are normal in size. Care must be used to differentiate the secondary sensoria on the third segment from the base of the hairs, the two being of the same size and color. This species was collected on Pinus edulis. On this host it feeds on the bark of four or five year old branches and in a few cases on branches which are younger. The colonies are always small, apparently new colonies are established when the colonies cover about an inch of branch. I suspect that this species is most closely allied to C. pinona H. From pinona it differs in the following respects to mention only a few, the unguis is very much shorter, the antennae have more hair, the hair on the tibiae are less abundant also less drooping. Holotype, alate viviparous female Aug. 2, 1955, Morphotype, apterous viviparous female Aug. 25, 1955, Morphotype, oviparous female Oct. 5, 1955, Allotype, apterous male September 29, 1955. All types taken on type tree, growing just north of the parking area adjacent to the picnic grounds of the Colorado National Monument, Fruita, Colorado. All types deposited in the United States National Museum. Numerous speci- mens were reared on branches. Cinara sonata n. sp. Apterous viviparous female. Size and general color—lLength from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 5.25-7 mm. Dr. Louis G. Gentner, of the Southern Oregon Branch Experiment Station, Medford, Oregon, who collected some of the specimens from which this species is described, kindly supplied the following color notes ‘‘Dull reddish-brown, with darker appendages, and with black markings on dorsum and a black blotch around each cornicle.’’ The first antennal segment is concolorous with the head, the second segment is not quite so dark, the third and fourth antennal seg- ments are yellowish except for the apical portions of the segment, which are dusky, the dusky area on the fourth segment being the most extensive. The fifth and sixth antennal segments have the dusky area equal to about half of the segment. The femora are black except for the extreme basal portion. The prothoracic tibiae are black throughout, Hottes—Three New Species of Cinara 203 the meso and metathoracic tibiae are black, however some specimens show a very dark brownish area a short distance below the basal end, this area is always short. The tarsi are black. The cornicles are black. Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .75-1.05 mm., IV .40-.48 mm., V .45-.58 mm., VI .225-.27 mm. + .07 mm. The third antennal segment is without sensoria, the fourth antennal segment may lack secondary sensoria, or have one or two, all sensoria on this segment are small. The fifth antennal segment has one secondary sensorium and the primary. Antennal hair numerous, up- standing, that on anterior margin of third segment more abundant than that on posterior margin of segment, and about .20-.21 mm. in length. Only the sixth antennal segment imbricated. Hind tibiae about 4.00 mm. in length. Hair on hind tibiae numerous, upstanding varying on outer margin from .14-.20 mm. in length. Hair on inner margin of hind tibiae more numerous, finer and shorter than hair on outer margin, also less upstanding. First tarsal segment about .18 mm. in length, ventral surface with numerous hairs, these are difficult to count, but number more than twenty and in one case twenty-seven. The meso- sternal tubercle is absent. Abdomen.—Cornicles with the base very irregular and deeply and irregularly indented on both sides. The base of the cornicles measure from .90-1.00 mm. the long way. The cornicles are provided with numerous hairs, which vary in length from .08-.22 mm. in length. The longest hairs being spine-like, the other hairs of which there are about two lengths are much finer, the shortest hair being the finest, and con- fined for the most part to the constricted area of the cornicle. The dor- sum of the abdomen has many hairs, these are of various lengths and character, the longest being about .16 mm. in length, the shortest and finest about .105 mm. in length. The dorsum of the abdomen has nu- merous pigmented spots, these are the largest posterior to the cornicles. The pigmented spots are without arrangement, vary greatly in size, and shape, most have hairs. Pigmented spots anterior to the cauda with two rows of long hairs along the posterior margin. Hairs confined to pos- terior margin of cauda. This species is most closely allied to Cinara abieticola (Chol.) and differs from specimens of that species collected in Europe and America as follows: The pigmented spots on the dorsum of the abdomen are smaller and are not arranged in two rows, the cornicles are larger, and are deeply indented along the outer margin, the outer margin of the cornicle is very irregular, the tarsal segments are much longer, the first tarsal segment has more hairs on the ventral surface. All specimens of this species were collected on Abies. Holotype, taken on Abies grandis, Priest Lake, Idaho, Aug. 28, 1954 by Prof. Carl Johansen of the Department of Entomology, State College of Washing- ton. Paratypes as follows: Abies magnifica var. shastensis L. G. Gentner, Mt. Ashland, Oregon Sept. 2, 1954, Abies concolor, M. J. Forsell, Seattle, Washington, Aug. 20, 1955, and L. G. Gentner, Mt. Ashland, Oregon Aug. 12, 1955, on Abies magnifica var. shastensis. Holotype deposited in the United States National Museum. 204 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington A abdominalis, Pipromorpha Oleagineast oe Abies concolor SLANG Shee lasiocarpa —_..__ magnifica shastensis abieticola, Cinara absonus, Thomomys bottae__ aculeatus, Euryurus —._. Hutheatuse 2.2 oe acutissimus, Procambarus _. adela, Apheloria — africana, Ictonyx striatus _. alaskas@heiletha, = albescens, Zorilla zorilla albicollis, Platyrhynchus —__ INDEX New names are printed in heavy type. 79, 80, 81 23 23 Rhipidura albicollis 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 albigularis, Glyphorhynchus Sohne hy ee SS eee 116 albogularis, Platyrinchus NNSA C EUS pape eee ee 117 alexandrinus, Mus _______ 189 REIBEUS matt Sp 189 At, inven . es 59 Alysium, floridana Bi da Es 59 amacurensis, Glyphorhynchus SPLGU GS et eet 116 amazonicus, Eumops _ = 177, 178 amethysticollis, Heliangelus 50 Amplocheir reducta _ 90, 92, 94 SEGUOla eens Te a 92 Anous stolidus 48 Anthreptes singalensis _ as- SATE TSI Seren el 147 internotus ____ see 147 interposipus 22 147 antioquiae, Piprites chloris 55 aokii, Micromys minutus _.. 169 apacheca, Cinara _..———s«i5, 66, 70 Noheloria yes este lS 24 adela pans 25 DINICOl aye ee ae 25 Apodemus agrarius chejuen= S15 pe ee eared Ted 171, 172 COneac ee eens 170 mantchuricus._..______. WA, IAL, i} pallescens __.- 169, 170, 171 pallidion== = 170, 171, 172 Amorobpolus) ) 2 154 arenarius, Zorilla zorilla —_. 190 arizonica, Cinara ___ Eee 66 assamensis, Anthreptes Sinsalensis = <9 eked ak 147 assimilis, Pipromorpha olea- 57 ginea ___ ied 57 Atlapetes personatus collaris 122 duidae else owe 121, 122 jugularis _ 121, 122 paraquensis 122 parui peels <5 121, 122 personatus ___._.__ 121, 122 Atopulus chamberlini — 89, 94 Atractus badianus — 14 bocourti collaris duboisi _ dunni _. 13, 14, 15, 16, 18 eculiadorensis 13, 15, 16, 17, 18 gaigeae ____ = 12, 14, 15, 16, 19 occidentalis _. 13, 15, 16, 17 maculatus __.. 14 occipitoalbus & 18 OLCeSE Tee SU ee eee 17, 18, 19 trilineatus __. 11, 16, 18 atrata, Rhipidura albicollis. 43, 44. 45, 46 Buncotln, IAW a 48 Larus atricilla me 113 Auturus evides __. a 22 florus __._. 22 louisiana AEN 2 22 meclurkini _ pa naae 23, 27 Auxobolus ergus ants B Bactro pts ee x 130, 135 cystopomatt aan 135 badianus, Atractus —.__ 14 badius, ecamert es cin- namomeus __. jude 45, 55 Baker, Rollin H. A New Species of Bat (Genus Myotis) from Coahuila, Mexico ____. ae 165-166 barberi, Eutamias sibiricus — 175, 176 barnesi, Ochotona princeps 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 barrios, Eurhinocricus _ 32 bassi, Scalopus aquaticus 37 Bdellozonium sequoium __ 87 beebei, Rhodinocichla rosea 58 bengalensis, Centropus ______ 145, 146 berlepschi, Myrmeciza im- MEKObI ye, = 33 Xiphocolaptes promero- pirhynchus __ oe 115 biermani, Trichoduchus ___ 125, 126 bifasciatus, Platyrinchus PNV{S Ea CCUG ee 117 bimaculata, Epeloria ———_ 24 Spathoriag anne aii 24 Polydesmus — 24 biolleyi, Eurhinocricus ____ 31 3A, 3k Rhinocricus ——____ 33 Blake, S. F., elected record- ing secretary — ____ ix Blarina brevicauda caro- linensis) = if wig Se) peninsulaes === 37 ,39 shermani _.._-_- 37, 39 bocourti, Atractus ~~. 12, 14 Bollmaasatiiht see ene 88 bonariensis, Eumops __ 178 Bond, Gorman M., elected corresponding secretary —__ ix Brachoria electa _._.___...._ 25, 27, 28 ethotela eas a ia 5 PH) Brachycybe producta 87 Brady, Maurice K., elected member of council ______ ae ix 206 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Bradypus striatus 189, 190 brevipilosus, Eulachnus —__ 63 brunnea, Myrmeciza immacu- lattaiga =e ee ee ee 52, 53 butleri, Jaculus jaculus —_ 183 (c calaveras, Sigmocheir —._ 93, 94 calceata, Tucoria_....___ 27, 28 caliente, Cinara —..W. 197, 199, 200 Californibolus pontis ———..... 88 NCIS CHS yee ene 87, 88 californicus, Myotis er ee 165, 166 Californiulus vicinus ——._. 89 yosemitensis ——..______ 89 camara, Wantang = 143 Cambarus cristatus ___. are 95, 99 fodiens: ise ee 95 cancrominus, Platyrinchus Mmystacetiste === ees 118 canescens, Leucocirca albi- collise—= 41 Rhipidura ‘albicollis 41, 4 41, 42, 43, 45, 46 canigularis, Chlorospingus —_ ’s8, 121 Tachyphonus peas sha AB 58, 121 capensis, Ictonyx striatus —_ 190 carinata, Phyllontocheila al- LOSS RCE 7 a ae eS Be eee 105 carolinensis, “Blarina brevi- Cay Cpe ne 37, 39 Caseya sequoia oes 90 castanea, Mimuloria ____ 30 castaneus, Polydesmus 30 castelnaudi, Glyphorhynchus SPIGtiGt1 Se pes 116 caucae, Turdus olivater ___ 119, 121 Causey, Nell B. New Records and Descrip- tions of Polydesmoid Mil- lipeds (Order Poly- desmida) from the East- ern United States —__ 21-30 New Records and Descrip- tions of Californian Dip- VOD Od ay ge ee eee 87-94 cavicolens, Paeromopus __ 88, 94 celadinus, Miilleripicus pul- verulentus __ 146, 147 celsa, Rhipidura “albicollis 4 43, 44, 45, 46 centrata, Malaclemys ter- a Dine eee eee 157, 158, 159, 160, 161 162, 163, 164 Centropus bengalensis a 145 toulouw: = eee 145 bengalensis 146 chamnongi _ 146 javanensis 146 lignator ane 146 molkenbocra 146 Chamberlin, Ralph V. Four New American Chilopods == ae 179-182 chamberlini, Atopolus —._ 89, 94 Paeromopus EE 89 chamnogi, Centropus’ ‘toulou 146 Cage gigikn, Lo 180 kincaidi _. 180 Phoenix — 179 Cheiropus plancus — 24 chejuensis, Apodemus agra- rius __ EDR Nae Bae 171, 172 chichivacus, Eurhinocricus — 33 china, Trichoduchus ___ 126 chinensis, Streptopelia chin- ensis; 922s = ee eee 145 chinockiana, Cinara —...__ 67, 68 chloronota, Pipromorpha oleaginea = oso Chlorospingus canigularis Cant gtilaris iene 58, 121 Cibularia profuga = 27, 29 tuobita: 1 ee o 29 Cinara abieticola apacheca _____ ATIZONICA, yen 66 caliente ____________. 197, 199 200 chinookiana __.-_. , 68 cognita —__.___ a 73, 74 curvipes __- = 66 GhhenorMhicy | 2 BES. 102 engelmanniensis ——___ 74 enigma. oe 77 fornaci lay 74, 77 glabra eae 6 hirsuta, 22) = ae 101 hottes! 2 =] eee 70, 75 hyalinis ae juniper... -—-s*- eeee 102, 103 juUnIperivora = Le 102 lasiocarpae ____.____—S_‘ 68, 69, 73 yapvool ope) 72 nitidula, 22. eee 72 obscura, eee 77 villosa parvavillosa —_____ 101 piceicola=——a = 76 Diliconn1S ses 74, 76 pinata. eee 199, 200 pinona 2 eee 104, 202 puerca, ee eee 68, 69 schwarzily =.= ee setulosa See 61, 70 sonata), = ees 200, 202 tannen ....... = ee 68 Villosa. eee 101 curtivillosa _._____ 102 wahhaka _________ Bee 103 Wi (1c 103 walhtolcaye= aan 101, 104 curtiwahtolca ___ 101 cingendus, Eurhinocricus __ 33 Rhinocrcis = 33 cinerascens, Rhipidura al- bicollis ___- 43, 45, 46 cinnamomea, Ochotona prin CEPSY a2 sue 3, 4, 6, 7, 9 cinnamomeus, Pachyramphus cinnamomeus 54 Citellus lateralis — —___ 9 clamosa, Ochotona princeps 2, 4, 5. 8 clara Hontariay= aa 25 clarisse, Heliangelus ame- thy Sticollic yn 49 claus) shucy bes 87 clarus, Pachydesmus —_____ 25 Clausia. e120 eS lem lazy cluthae), ee 130. 134, 138 lubbockii 130, 131, 133, 134, 138 hls ————————_ 137 Glivnac, Chtiee 130. 134, 138 coccinellae, Perilitus ______ 143 cockerelli, Eurhinocricus —_ 33 Rhinocricus: 2 ees 33 cocos, Rhinocricus ~~ 33 COsnita ws Cina Ta 73, 74 collaris, Atlapetes personatus 122 Attracts === _.. 11, 13, 14, 18 coloratus, Oryzomys palustris 83, 84, 85 communis, Juniperus 7. ee 3 Index Conchocheres ........._.._ 129, 130, 135 concolor, Abies —._... Fo: 203 GConotyla <= = 90 conservata, Delocheir —_.. 90, 93 cooki, Xystocheir —...____... 90, 91, 94 coreae, Apodemus agrarius 170 coronobscurus, clyphorhyas GAGS: a eee 115, 116 coryi, Felis concolor —_.._ 149, 150 costaricensis, Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus ——~__ 115 Zonotrichia capensis 123 Cranioleuca subcristata fuscivertex 50 Sel Chistes eee 51 crassirostris, Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus _.. 115 cristatus, Cambarus - aA 95, 99 Cryptotism = a 38 Cubobolus —_. ae 32 SOEs Se eee 34 cuneatus, Glyphorhynchus SPOTL NCIS - a eS 117 curtivillosa, Cinara villosa _ 102 curtiwahtolca, Cinara wahtoleayy sees a 101 cunvipes Cinara, 2 66 cylindraceus, Tococheres __.. 136 cystopomati, Bactropus _.__. 135 D davidcauseyi, Mimuloria 30 ING wae ks 30 decolor, Heliangelus ‘amethy- SETCO] iS ampees mere Re, EERE 50 Deignan, H. G. Adventures in Thailand ix Four New Races of Birds from East Asia —__ 145-148 Delocheir conservata —_._. 90-93 Dendrocincla homochroa meridionalis 2 50 RUhiCep sie 50 Gufhicnlis i Cinagay ie 102 dilutus, Platyrinchus mysta- Celis SIR oo 118 dilatata, Phyllontocheila Bak = 105, 106 MDT oS) eee els hee nd a! Le 106 dissimilis, Thomomys bottae 80, 81 D) Oru S aly eee eee nl 133 dorsalis, Pipromorpha olea- aime, a 55, 57 dougallii, Sterna. dougallii_ are 113 Drake, Carl J. Some Tingidae from the French Cameroons (Hemiptera) &: 105-108 Two New Species of Shore- Bugs (Hemiptera) (Saldi- dae: Leptopodidae) —__ 109-112 duboisi, Atractus _________11, 17, 18, 19 duidae, Atlapetes personatus 121, 122 Platyrinchus mystaceus 117, 118 Troglodytes rufulus —__ 119 Turdus olivater 119, 120 dunni, Atractus ______ 13, 14, 15, 16, 18 Durrant, Stephen D. A New Pocket Gopher from South Central Utah 79-82 Durrant, Stephen D., and M. Raymond Lee Three New Pikas (Genus Ochotona) from Utah __ 1-10 Duvall, Allen J., elected treasurer) 2s eee = ix dyscola, Pipromorpha olea- abaya ee DE ay 57 elbaensis, Jaculus jaculus __.. 183, 184 Dysithamnus mentalis viridis 52 E ecuadorensis, Atractus 13, 15, 16, 17, 18 edulis, Pinus —... 65, 70, 102, 199, 202 elbaensis, Jaculus jaculus _. 183, 184 electa, Brachoria —_..______.. . 25, 27, 28 elegantulus, Spathiulus 88 elgonis, Zorilla zorilla __ a 190 elongata, Rohdinicola 133, 134 elongatus Pseudopsyllus 137 emigrans, Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus —.. 115 engelmanniensis, Cinara 74 engelmannii, Pinus —.._ 76 enigma, Cinara es 77 Epeloria bimaculata oe 24 iC EUG’ eee ote ee 2 24 Ergasilus 232 136, 138 ergus, Auxobolus 88 erythrae, Zorilla zorilla 190 erythropygus, Polydesmus _. 23 ethotela, Brachoria —_..... ES 25, 27 Ethopolys bipunctatus insulatus — 180 Eucybe clarus ae 87 Eulachnus brevipilosus 63 Eumops amazonicus 177, 178 bonariensis __.... Zs 178 hansae ___ ee 178 Euphonia ruficeps. exsul 57 Eurhinocricus 151 barrios 32 biolleyi Sl, SYA, Sis} chichivacus 33 cingendus _ 33 cockerelli __ 33 CULV DUS 2s ee 33 fissus ___ 34 POSSEI set tere se eee 34 heteroscopus ee 34 insulatus __.... ee 34, 35 mandevillei 34 omiltemae Eats 31, 34 parvior _._ ws 34 parvissimus - 31, 34 pygmoides 35 sabulosus 35 solitarius __ 35 storkani _ 35 tidius __ 31 townsendi 35 williamsi __ se 35 eurygnatha, Thalasseus - 114 euryura, Rhipidura —__- 44, 45, 46 Euryurus aculeatus ___ 23 louisiana : pub eee: 22 Eutamias sibiricus barberi 175, 176 Onientalispe = 176 senescens —... 176 Eutheatus aculeatus __ 23 eutypus, Eurhinocricus Ls 33 evides, Auturus —....— a 22 Paradesmus —_.. 22 eximius, Perilitus 143 exsul, Euphonia ruficeps —_- 57 Tangara xanthogaster _. 57 208 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington F favillus, Jaculus jaculus 184 Felis concolor hippolestes 149, 150 COULYA\ Py se 149, 150 Schongenits 149, 150 Fennah, R. G. A New Tropiduchid from Japan (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea) 125-128 feriarium, Helocaetes 156 Pseudacris nigrita —__ 156 fictus, Epeloria _—.___ 24 figzinsi, Ochotona princeps By SET ons fissus, Eurhinocricus _____ 34 faviaseoly dod p= 131 flavigularis, Troglodytes TUS eee ee et ee by 118, 119 floridana, Alysium — 59 floridanum, Illicium _ 59 florus, Auturus ____ 22 fodiens, Cambarus 95 Fontaria clara __ = 25 oblongag 2) eek wal 28 Formicarius analis griseoventris 53 saturatus ____ 53 virescens _____ = 53 fornaculas|Cinarayee eee 74, 77 fremonti, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Eee iel etn 9 Friedmann, Herbert, elected vice president _ de AEE atte 1x fuSseatas tenia eee 3 48 fuscipes, Ochotona princeps 3, 4, 7, 9 fuscivertex, Cranioleuca SupSCriStata nes 50 G gaigeae, Atractus _ 12, 14, 15, 16, 19 Gastrodelphys _.__ Bu 133 ghansiensis, Zorilla zorilla _- 190 giganteus, Zorilla zorilla ruehes 190 gilliardi, Pauxi pauxi _.___. 48 Siplore, (Gime, 62 Glyphorhynchus spirurus albigularich =a eens us 116 amacurensis ____ 116 castelnaudi _. 116 corcnobscurus __.__ a 115, 116 cuneatus sa ux 117 inornatus __ aabaelss 117 integratus _ vend 116 pectoralis 116 rufigularis 116 spirurus ___ 116 sublestis - = 116 gossei, Cubobolus __ sist 34 Eurhinocricus ___ es 34 Rbimocricus) saan = 34 gossypinus, Peromyscus _._ 38 Srandis, “Aibies; <2 sea ee = 203 granulatus, Polydesmus ___ 22 Sy tong usm eee 22 griseoventris, Formicarius analiss 23222 2 Se eS 53 H Hamilton, W. J., Jr. A New Subspecies of Blarina brevicauda from Bloridagea es es eae 37-40 Two New Rice Rats (Genus Oryzomys) from Florida 83-86 Handley, Charles O., Jr., elected member of council 1x A New Species of Free- tailed Bat (Genus Eumops) from Brazil 177-178 hansae) bumops . 178 Harpaphe pottera _ Es 90 Harper, Francis The Type Locality of Hyla triseriata Wied ___ 155-156 harterti, Milleripicus pulverulentus ___ 146, 147 hauxwelli, Pipromorpha | “olea- gineay = Sarasa 57 Heliangelus amethysticollis amethysticollis 50 clarisse _._.. 49 decolor __ 50 laticlavius 50 verdiscutus a 48, 49 Violiceps = ae 48, 49 Helocaetes feriarum 156 Hienticy,clops eae 137 Hershkovitz, Philip Status of the Generic Name Zorilla (Mam- malia): Nomenclature by Rule or by Caprice ___ 185-192 Hersilicodes) 222s a 137 hertigi, Micromys minutus 167, 168, 169 heteroscopus, Eurhinocricus 34 Rhinocricius = 34 hippolestes, Felis concolor _ 149, 150 higsitase Ciara 101 Hobbs, Horton H., Jr. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Mississippi —____.___ 95-100 Hoffman, Richard L Studies on Spiroboloid Mil- lipeds. II. A Second Paper on the Genus Eurhinocricus — 31-36 Studies on Spiroboloid Mil- lipeds. III. The Genus Spirobolinus Silvestri _ 151-154 Hood, J. Douglas Trips illicii, A proposed mendations 59° Hottes, F. C. Cinara Descriptions. (Aphidae) = 67-78 Hottes, F. C. Three New Subspecies and Figures of Five Previous- ly Unfigured Species of Ginara Bee 101-104 Three New “Species” of Cimara (Aphidae) - 197-204 Hottes, F. C. and George D. Butler, Jr. A New Species of Cinara from Arizona (Aphidae) (Ses 65-66 Hottes, F. C. and E. O. Essig A New Species of Cinara from Oregon (Aphidae) 61-64 hottest, Cinara aes zs 70, 75 hyalinus, Cinara fe: 76 Hybaphe tersa 2222s bes 90, 91 Eiydromantes san 2 87 Evlastriseriatase 155, 156 Index I MCP O Ray SMe 185, 189, 190 capensis Bo 190 striatus ___. = 185 africana _. 190 capensis —. 190 mustelina __ 190 pondoensis _. ses 190 StRlabiich fee fe 190 ignotus, Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus _. 115 illicii, Thrips 59 Tilicium floridanum 59 imatacae, Platyrinchus TNVStACEUISH | 118 immaculata, Myrmeciza im- TaMEVOVDU A Ne eee eame eee 52, 53 inaccessibilis, Zonotrichia GEOGICIG ae eee 122, 123 inornatus, Glyphorhynchus SUNS pee 117 insularis, Platyrinchus MAY GUEKOCKEIS) ee eee ee 117 insulatus, Ethopolys bipunctatus, 220. ee 180 Eurhinocricus 34, 35 Ribinocnicis) == 34 insullicola, Sigmodo hispidus 83, 85 integratus, Glyphorhynchus Gore ee a eee 116 intensa, Pipromorpha olea- (esi baXefelj SUSU. NL es een eee See eee 55, 56, 57 intermedius, Zorilla zorilla 190 internotus, Anthreptes singa- ers isp es ete OU 147 interpositus, Anthreptes Sia: 2 ee 147 intestinalis, Mytilicola 136 Isocelis maculata — 14, 15 J Jackson, Hartley H. T. The Wisconsin Puma _____ 149, 150 Jaculus jaculus butleri ____ 183 elbaensis 183, 184 favillus 184 NACI Shee ees ens NN 184 japonicus, Micromys minutus 169 japonicus, Trichoduchus _. 125 javanensis, Centropus toulou 146 Johnson, D. H., elected vice president _. iar Se ix Johnson, David nse “and le Knox Jones Three New Rodents of the Genera Micromys and Apodemus from Korea 167-174 A New Chipmunk from INGOT ain ere ee 175-176 Jones, J. Knox, and David H. Johnson A New Reed Vole, Genus Microtus, from Central INoreay eceteenee Seana 193-196 jugularis, Atlapetes mersonatus) 2 2 121, 122 juniperi, Cinara 102, 103 juniperivora, Cinara _._ 102 Juniperus communis _..__. 73 K kalaharicus, Zorilla zorilla 190 kempi, Rhipidura albicollis 42 Habelliteray ste 42 209 kemptoni, Turdus olivater 119, 120, 121 kentuckiana, ADibieYoyeray 28 kinabalu, Rhipidura albicollis 44, 46 kincaidi, Cheiletha —_. = 180 Klansolus vicinus _... ay 89 yosemitensis .. ht 89 Knipling, W. F. Eradication of screw-worm by introduction of gam- maradiated males into thet itive) digs thas seas ix L Iawash oyeoyelleyng) 133 lancasteri, Zorilla zorilla —_ = 190 ILayetieine) CRNaMg yes, ws 143 Larus argentatus smith- SOMME MBUS Bs 48 atricilla Peas 48 atricillain 220 ememe ee 113 lasalensis, Ochotona prin- ceps lasciocarpa, Abies _.. lasciocarpa, Cinara _ lateralis, Citellus —_ laticlavius, Heliangelus _ ane bhiysticollis enn 50 Lecanurius —_ pb SMe 136 Leucocirea albicollis canescens 41 Lichomolgus 136 1A OF ee Ee 136 lignator, Centropus toulou — 146 limpoensis, Zorilla zorilla __ 190 lineatocephalus, Xiphoco- laptes promeropirhynchus 115 Lophotriccus pileatus Sanvaluciac == aa eneeeee 55 louisiana, Auturus 22 TONDURY ABT EIS. 2 22 lubbockii, Clausia 130, 131, 133, 134, 138 i 151, 152 lucifugus, Myotis __.___ 165 lutescens, Pipromorpha olea- INCA) ae ak ra 57 M macconnelli, Zonotrichia capensis ____ smoied nSat 122, 123 macrospilota, “Malaclemys terrapin _._—_____157, 159, 160, 161, 162 163, 164 maculata, Isocelis —._. =e 14, 15 maculatum, Rhabdosoma — 12, 14, 15 maculatus, Atractus Sa 14 madagascarensis, Martiniola 111 magdalenae, Pachyramphus cinnamomeus _.. 54, 55 major, Lichmolgus i 136 My ocheres) S22 Se ees 138 Malaclemys terrapin centrata 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164 macrospilota 157, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164 rhizophorarum -_ 157, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164 tequesta 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164 malkini, Scolopendra 179 mandevillei, Eurhinocricus __ 34 Iaveovoyere(o OK 34 mantchuricus, Apodemus agrariusje 2220s ee 170, 171, 172 210 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington mapurita, Viversa, me 187 Zorillay = 187 martinensis, Mesnilia —131, 133, 134, 138 Martiniola madagascarensis — 111 Dalla a ees = 110 maximus, Thalasseus TIDAL ITU S ee ee 114 Zorllawzor la 190 maynana, Pipromorpha olea- SINC Ay eee ee ee 57 meclurkini, Auturus —_ = 23, 27 meridionalis, Dendrocincla HOMOCHE OA ean _ 50 Mesniliags = 130, 132, 137, 138 martinensis _ 131, 133, 134, 138 Micromys minutus aokii ____ 169 hertigi __________.____167, 168, 169 japonicus ___ ze 169 pygmaeus —_ 168, 169 USSULICUS Aa 168, 169 Microtus fortis pelliceus __ = 194, 195 uliginosus _ Mimuloria castanea davidcauseyi —_.___ minor, Polydesmus ah Pseudopolydesmus —__ iN 21 mississippiensis, Singuliurus 23, 27 mehincana, Rudilora _._ 27, 28 molkenboeri, Centropus Loulou ee ee ne eee 146 monophylla, Pinus _.__.___. 102 moorei, Ochotona princeps 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 Muesebeck, C.F.W. A Remarkable New Species of Perilitus from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Bra- conidae) _ = 143-144 Miulleripicus pulverulentus Celadinus ss ee ee 146, 147 harterti a CCS 2 146, 147 pulverulentus —__. at 146, 147 Mus alexandrinus _...._ 189 Mustela zorilla ______185, 186. 187, 189 mustelina, Ictonyx striatus 190 Rhabdogale eee Se. 190 My cola ae 129, 136, 138 Myocheres _ 136 major —__ Np Re 138 Myotis californicus __ Set 165, 166 luciiusius i eee ee 165 Dlaniceps sees ee 165, 166 subulatas)-=— =.= 165, 166 Myrmeciza immaculata berlepschih) Weenie 53 brunnea (see eA. 52, 53 ATINTAC Ha tae 5253 zeledoni = eee 53 mystaceus, Platyrinchus IYStACEUS =e SER eR 117 Eye, aaa 136 Mytilicola intestinalis 136 N Nannaria davidcauseyi ___ 30 natator, Oryzomys palustris 83, 84, 85 neblinae, Xiphocolaptes Promeropirhynchus ______ 114, 115 neglectus, Platyrinchus myStaceus, oa 118 nigritulus, Spirobolinus ae 3 151 Nimbata Ciara 72 nitidula, Cinaray Som Fo 72 nyogana, Tingis es 106 O oblonga, Fontaria 28 obsctitas Cinaray eee 77 obscuratus, Zorilla zorilla — i Ochotona princeps _.._ ,8 barnesi © 2.2. S26 47,85 9, 10 cinnamomea —.__1, 3, 4, 6, ip 9 clamosa) 225. 2 451558 heginsi ee 22103) 5 gee Se fuscipes Seats 4, 7,9 lasalensis 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 moorei __ 54, 9 saxatilis __ 5 050 tutelata 9 uinta AS utahensis ___. , 8 wasatchensis ___ Gps. 3 4, ’g, ’9, 10 occidentalis, Atractus ____ igh is, 16, 17. occipitoalbus, Atractus __ 18 oleaginea, Pipromorpha olea- Sinead, - ee 57 olivaceus, Xenops minutus _ 51 olivater, "Turdus olivater __ 119, 120 omilteme, Eurhinocricus ~~ 31, 34 RibinO Cr Cts nae 34 O'Neill, Hugh Toe ~ elected president Nes pews ix orangiae, Zorilla zorilla 190 OLcesh, -AGTACh Ss =n 17, 18, 19 orenocensis, Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus _.._ = 114, 115 orientalis, Eutamias sibiricus) 2). ae 176 orissae, Rhipidura albicol- [iis ke oN ene 42, 43, 44, 46 Ory zomiy,s) 2 == eee = 38 palustris coloratus _._____ 83, 84, 85 natator: 2 ee SeSaeeSAaiso palustris 2. Re 83, 86 planirestris sae Egat 84, 85, 86 Sanibelf 2) 84985286 osgoodi, Thomomys bottae 80 ovamboensis, Zorilla zorilla 190 Owens, Howard B., elected vice president _ ix 2 pachygnatha, Scolopendra —_ 179 Pachyramphus cinnamomeus badius, 22. See a 54, 55 cinnamomeus — eee 54 magdalenae __ = 54, 55 Vivi 1 OT en 2 54 Pachydesmus clarus — 25 pacifica, Pipromorpha olea- ginea «se eee a 57 Paeromopus cavicolens __ e 88, 94 chamberlin 89 Pano kia AE 90 pallescens, Apodemus aoranitisen fase __. 169, 170, 171 pallidior, Apodemus agrarius __ See See VA Oa WI pallidiventris, ‘Pipromorpha oleaginea ___ J SB By EY palustris, Oryzomys palustris 83,86 Panaietis ____ a 136 panamensis, Xiphocolaptes | promeropirhynchus 115 Paradesmus evides __ 2 22 Paraphiloconcha —__________ 136 paraquensis, Atlapetes” personatus! a eee 122 Turdus olivater 119, 120 parca, Pipromorpha olea- ineay ere ee ee parui, Atlapetes personatus parvavillosa, Cinara parvior, Eurhinocricus ____ Rhinocricus —___ parvissimus, Eurhinocricus — patens, Spartina __.___ Pauxi pauvi gilliardi _____ pauxi TIT COLL 1S ee pectoralis, Glyphorhynchus spirurus Se ee sence. pelliceus, Microtus fortis — peninsulae, Blarina brevi- cauda Pentacora sonneveldi —_._ sororia sphacelata perijanus, Piprites chloris Xenops rutilans Perilitus coccinellae bs eximius Peromyscus gossypinus —_— personatus, Atlapetes DErsonatus, 222 phaeopygas, Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus Phelps, W. H. and W. H. Phelps, Jr, Five Venezuelan Birds and Nine Extensions of Ranges to Colombia —_ Seven New Birds from Cerro de la Neblina, Ter- ritorio Amazonas, Venezuela 1 ELASTIC ee ee Pimnlocon chal ee = phoenicura Rhipidura __.__ Phoenix, Cheiletha _ Phyllontocheila alberti Ganinata——= tricarinata dilatata Picea engelmannii mesic. Owe 2 2 Pilicornis, Cinara — pilosus, Trichoduchus ____ Pinata, Cinara sth Ppinetorum, Polydesmus —___ Pseudopolydesmus —..__ Pinicola, oe ae seats ade, pinona, Cinara Pinus edulis - Hexilisny eee monophylla ___ Piprites chloris perijanus Pipromorpha oleaginea abdominalis 2ssimilis) | == chloronota __ dorsalis dyscolay === ses aen be hauxwelli intensa _ lutescens) = 3) maynana ___ oleaginea __ Dacca; == pallidiventris parca Wallacei plancus, Cheiropus —____ antioquiae Index 55, 56, 57 121, 122 101 116 47-58 113-124 130, 135 104, 202 PUERGS “70, 0, 102, 199, 202 101 211 pianiceps, Myotis — 165, 166 planirostris, Oryzomys palustris ...__._.._.__._._83, 84, 85, 86 Thomomys bottae _._. 81 Platyrhynchus albicollis —. 42 mystaceus albogularis _. 117 bitasciatuss ee 117 cancrominus 118 dilutus _. 118 duidae —.__ 117, 118 imatacae _.._ 118 insularis 117 mystaceus 117 neclectis) 22 aaa 118 ptaritepui - 117, 118 ventralis ____ 117, 118 zamorae ._.. 117 Polydesmus bimaculatus ____ 24 castaneus) ae = 30 erythropyginus —__ = 23 granulatus) 22 === 22 Polydesmus minor _.... uy 21 OuAS WONG 21 Senratusie 2k. Seed ek. in 21 ROlvclora, law 131 pondoensis, Ixtonyx striatus 190 pontis, Californibolus 88 portulacastram, Sesuvium __ 85 pottera, Harpaphe _.. 90 powelli, Thomomys bottae __ 79, 80 pretoriae, Zorilla zorilla __ 190 princeps, Ochotona _...._ $3 1, 8 Procambarus acutissimus __ 98 procerus, Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus __..._. = 115 producta, Brachycybe 87 profuga, Cibularia _ Ss os 27, 29 promeropirhynchus, Xiphoco- laptes promeropirhynchus 115 Pseudacris nigrita feriarum 156 EGISe icity eee ES 155 Pseudomyicola ____ So! 129 Pseudopolydesmus s, 21 Tove ae 21 pinetorum ties 21 SEKKacUS ce Aes See ee 21 Pseudopsyllus elongatus — wes 137 ptaritepui, Platyrinchus miy:stalceus) 2a eeae eee Sy 117, 118 puerca, Cinara — Bs 68, 69 pulla, Martiniola = 110 pulverulentus, Miulleripicus pulverulentis =n 146, 147 pygmaeus, Micromys CMON HE EMS ce eens 168, 169 pygmoides, Eurhinocricus __ 35 RTA OCTICTIS nen 35 R Rattus rattus alexandrinus 189 reducta, Amplocheir _..___-_-90,, 92, 94 Rhabdogale —.-- a 189 MWS celina = 190 Rhabdosoma maculatum ___ 12, 14, 15 Rhinecricus Sil, 6 biolléy1) et eee 33 CINGen Cts 33 cockerelli 33 Ococs) 33 POSSCH ee a a 34 heteroscopus —_..-- 34 insulatus ______ 34 mandevillei 34 Onmulteme ss eee 34 212 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington DAnViOL ee oe BS 34 pycmodes, sas 35 sabulosius| 2 es 35 solitarius) )2> #22 ely ase 35 townsendi ———___ 35 wiheeleri Roasters saree 33 wepllGeyroicy ae gee si 35 Rhipidura albicollis — 41 alhpiecollis,. 42, “43, 44, 45, 46 trae eee eee eA GE canescens —____ celsa cinerascens —— kempi (oko Ss Bae kinabaluy === orissae = ______.. LOMITS ON sarawacensis Stanleyie. 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 Guryira see es eee ee AAAS. 46 flabellifera kempi ———. 42 phoenicura _—____. 44 rhizophorarum, Malaclemys terrapines = 157, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164 Riiodintcolag eens 130, 133 elongata: See ees 133, 134 Rhodinocichla rosea beebei 58 Ripley, S. Dillon Variation in the white- throated Fantail Fly- catcher, Rhipidura albi- COLLIS Hee SA A ee BY 41-46 robinsoni, Rhipidura albicollis 43 roraimae, Turdus olivater 119, 120 Zonotrichia capensis —_. 122,123 Rudiloria mohicana __ 27, 28 ruficeps, Dendrocincla homo- Chroaiee nae ree ee 50 rufigularis, Glyphorhynchus SPIFUTUuS eee 116 tufulus, Troglodytes rufulus 119 rugosum, Seridium _.___ 134 Russell, Louise H., elected member of council __.._. ae 1x S Sabellacheres ____ oe. 133 sabulosus, Eurhinocricus ___ 35 Rhinocricus —._ ete ot 35 sanctae-martae, Turdus Olivater) jinn s Ss 119, 121 Xiphocolaptes promeroperhynchus __ sanibeli, Oryzomys palustris santaluciae, Lophotriccus Dileatus soo ee ae. sarawacensis, Rhipidura albicollis saturatus, Formicarius analis Savage, Jay M. Descriptions of New Colu- bird Snakes, Genus Atractus, from Ecuador saxatilis, Ochotona princeps Scalopus aquaticus bassi _. Schantz, Viola S., elected member of COUnCI means schorgeri, Felis concolor ___ Schwartz, Albert The Diamondback Terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin) of Peninsular Florida Schwarznt Cinara nee 115 84, 85, 86 55 44, 46 53 11-20 IA Sh ts 3 ix 149, 150 157-164 66 Scolopendra malkini — ___ 179 Dachygnatha, — 179 Scytonotus granulatus _._ 22 senegalensis, Zorilla zorilla — 190 senescens, Eutamias sibiricus 176 sequoia, Amplocheir _ 92 sequoia, (Casey) === eee 90 sequoium, Bdellozonium ___ 87 Seridium 2a, ee SE 130, 132 Tugestim) EE 134 serratus, Polydesmus ~~ 21 Pseudopolydesmus —— 21 Sesuvium portulacastram ates 85 setulosa, Cinara 61, 70 Setzer, Henry W. Two New Jerboas from HSV Dt. == ee 183-184 setzeri, Streptopelia chinensis 145 shastensis, Abies magnifica 63, 203 shermani, Blarina brevicauda 37, 39 shoae. Zorilla zorilla —.__ 190 shortridgei, Zorilla zorilla 190 Sigmocheir calaveras —_._.___ 93, 94 (Shieanayoyeloyay 38 Sigmodon hispidus insulli- Colay) 3 83, 85 Singuliurus, 2 ees Ee 23 mississippiensis 23, 27 Smith, Albert C., elected member of council __._ ix smithsonianus, Larus arcentatuss sa a 48 solitarius, Eurhinocricus 35 Iebavoersyyes) Lo 35 softata, Cinara, = eee 200, 202 sonneveldi, Pentacora ~~ 109, 110 soreria, Pentacora 109 Spartina patens __._____. 83 Spathiulus elegantulus ____ 88 Spathoria bimaculata — 24 sphacelata, Pentacora ——. 109, 110 Spilogale: = eee 185, 186 Spirobolinus) |) a Sie soon luciae yale s se ee 151, 152 nigritulus oe 151 UNCISEGUS ee eee 87 spirurus, wie spirurus ___ Paar AS 116 stanleyi, Rhipidura albicollis —_ 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 Sterna dougallii. “dougallii ne 113 Sterna iisea ta arn 48 stolidus, Anous —..... 48 Stone, Alan, elected vice president ___ : ee ix storkani, Eurhinocricus __ 35 Streptopelia chinensis chinensis 2222 =a _ 145 sétzeri) 2) eee 145 vacillans __.__ 145 striatus, Bradypus — ee ok 189, 190 Ictonyx striatus —__ 185, 190 subcristata Cranioleuca Subcristata 2 se 51 sublestis, Glyphorhynchus spirurus pill ae zk 116 subulatus, Myotis —...._. 165, 166 sudanicus, Zorilla zorilla _— 190 4 Tachyphonus canigularis ___ 58, 121 talpoides, Thomomys 80 Tamiasciurus hudsonicus fremontijq = s 9 ventotum == a 9 Index Tangara xanthogaster exsul 57 tanneri, Cinara _._ a 68 tenebrosus, Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus _..._.. - 114, 115 tequesta, Malaclemys ter- opines qk eS 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164 Teredicola 131, 132, 133, 135, 137 Teredicola typica ~~... a 132, 134 tersa, Hybaphe —_... 90, 91 tidius, Eurhinocricus —... 31 Thalasseus eurygnatha —. 114 maximus maximus —_. 114 Thomomys bottae absonus 79, 80, 81 Grssimilis) 80, 81 osgoodi a 80 planirostris 81 powelli 79, 80 trumbullensis 80, 81 talpoides E 80 Thrips alysii —_. : 59 Mich ae 59 Tingis dilatata - 106 Nyogana _ 106 Tococheres cylindraceus 136 toulou, Centropus — ~~~... 145 townsendi, Eurhinocricus _. 35 IRIGTOSNCHS 35 tricarinata, Phyllontochelia fall by Ge aint en 105 Trichoduchus biermani —___. 125, 126 Cliniayne ees wees 126 japonicus 125 MIogh 2 $ 126 trilineatus, Atractus —... 11, 16, 18 trniseLiatasely lag en 155,156 Pseudacris nigrita —__ 155 MrOchiColae ee zs 136 Troglodytes rufulus duidae 119 Hawietlaricy 118, 119 rufulus __. 119 wetmorei 118, 119 WENA 2 eee “ 118, 119 trumbullensis, Thomomys DOE Ed Cee Ee ee 80, 81 Tucoria calceata __..- 27, 28 kentuckiana _.- 28 tularea, Xystocheir ——__.. 91 tuobita, Cibularia 29 Turdus olivater caucae - 119, 121 GHEWGIE VS" dee NAN ie ners 119, 120 kemptoni _..119, 120, 121 olivater eo 119, 120 Paraquensis -_..... 119, 120 LOUADINT Ae eee 119, 120 sanctae-martae 119, 121 tutelata, Ochotona princeps 9 Tylobolus uncigerus 88 typica, Teredicola —._.. 132, 134 U uncigerus, Californibolus ___. 87, 88 Spirobolus —__.-. 87 ‘iy lobolus e 88 uinta, Ochotona princeps _..._ 2, 5, 7, 8 uliginosus, Microtis fortis 193, 194, 195 unicornis, Pauxi pauxi 48 ussuricus, Micromys minutus 168, 169 utahensis, Ochotona princeps 3, 5, 6, 8 Vv vacillans, Streptopelia Chinen sismpe ee eee ee 145 venezuelae, Zonotrichia Capensis) a2 ee ee 123 ventorum, Tamiasciurus id SOn1 Ci Spe eae a 9 ventralis, Platyrinchus mystaceus | 2 Ee 117, 118 verdiscutus, Heliangelus amethysticollis ——-.___- =~ 48, 49 Weronian 2 = = 2. 105 vicinus, Californiulus 89 Klansolus _... bat 89 villosa, Cinara ee 101 violiceps, Heliangelus amethysticollis — 48, 49 verescens, Formicarius analis 53 virgatus, Xipholaptes promeropirhynchus _...___ 115 viridis, Dysithamnus Menta lisa ee = 52 Viverra mapurita _ at 187 POS G0 | Fe oe eset ee eee 185, 186, 187 vividior, Pachyramphus cinnamomeus = 54 WwW wabhaka, Cinara —.___ 103 Wwalallten, (Ciimerr, = 103 wahtolea, Cinara _._.._.. 2 101. 104 wallacei, Pipromorpha oOledcinea)) = a eee 57 wasatchensis, Ochotona DRiNCep See _2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10 wetmorei, Troglodytes TLE ET Spon ees ee ea ds 118, 119 wheeleri, Rhinocricus ___- = 33 williamsi, Eurhinocricus —__ 35 Rhino Ch Cis ees 35 Wilson, Mildred Stratton, and Paul L. Illg The Family Clausiidae (Copepoda, Cyclopodia)_.. 129-142 x Xenops minutus olivaceus — 51 rutilans perijanus ——. 2 51 Xiphocolaptes promeropi- rhynchus berlepschi —... 115 costaricensis 115 crassirostris 115 emigrans _. 2 115 ignotus —___ seers 115 lineatocephalus ey aco 115 neblinae ____... a 114, 115 orenocensis a: 114, 115 Panamensis a = 115 phaeopygas ~~... 115 procerus _. =a 115 promeropirhynchus — a 115 sanctae-martae —__ = 115 tenebrosus _...__ ve 114, 115 virgatus pst Ld 115 Xystocheir cooki _- 90, 91, 94 tiulane an eee LS x 91 Y yavil, Troglodytes rufulus — 118, 119 yosemitensis, Californiulus 89 Klansolits eee 89 214 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Z zamorae, Platyrinchus mystaceus BES aE 117 zeledoni, Myrmeciza imma- Cilatage =e ter ee ee 53 Zinaria - ee ae 24, 29 Zonotrichia capensis CoOstaticensus .—————— 123 inaccessibilis —____ 122, 123 macconnelli -_—____. zs 122, 123 TOuAlN Ae ene 122, 123 venezuelae —__.__ 123 zorilla, Mustela 185, 186, 187, 189 WAN oR), IE IRS TEV) Zorilla ee ee 185 18650189 rapt ae ate 187 zorilla albescens 190 arenarius 190 elgonis erythrae ghansiensis —_____ giganteus intermedius kalaharicus —— lancasteri limpoensis maximus = == obscuratus orangiae ovamboensis _______ pretoriae eee senegalensis —-______ shoae shortridgei —.___ Sudanicus— gorilla.)..22 = eee mre et os . LOND PROCEEDINGS OF THE Biological Society of Washington VOLUME 69 1956 WASHINGTON PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS HERBERT FRIEDMANN, Chairman REMINGTON KELLOGG J. 8. WADE PUBLICATION NOTE By a change in the By-Laws of the Biological Society of Washington, effective March 27, 1926, the fiscal year now begins in May, and the officers will henceforth hold office from May to May. This, however, will make no change in the volumes of the Proceedings, which will continue to coincide with the calendar year. In order to furnish desired infor- mation, the title page of the current volume and the list of newly elected officers and committees will hereafter be published soon after the annual election in May. All correspondence should be addressed to the Biological Society of Washington, % U.S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. MONUMENTAL PRINTING Co. BALTIMORE, MD. arn. _ OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF TH BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON (FOR 1956-1957) (ELECTED MARCH 28, 1956) OFFICERS President HERBERT FRIEDMANN Vice-Presidents (In the order of election) ALAN STONE DAVID H. JOHNSON HOWARD B. OWENS A. C. SMITH Recording Secretary Ss. F. BLAKE Corresponding Secretary JOHN L. PARADISO Treasurer ALLEN J. DUVALL Custodian of Publications DAVID H. JOHNSON COUNCIL Elected Members M. K. BRADY L. M. RUSSELL V. S. SCHANTZ C. O. HANDLEY, JR. FENNER A. CHACE Ex-Presidents J. W. ALDRICH F. C. LINCOLN PAUL BARTSCH H. C. OBERHOLSER W. A. DAYTON HUGH T. O’NEIL H. G. DEIGNAN J.S. WADE A. D. HOPKINS EH. P. WALKER H. H. T. JACKSON A. WETMORE STANDING COMMITTEES—1956-1957 Committee on Communications Hueu T. O’NEml LLovp W. Swirt Committee on Zoological Nomenclature A. WETMORE, Chairman H. A. REHDER C. F. W. MUESEBECK Committee on Publications HERBERT FRIEDMANN, Chairman REMINGTON KELLOGG J. S. WADE EX-PRESIDENTS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON *THHODORE N. GILL, 1881, 1882 *CHarLes A. WHITE, 1883, 1884 *G. BROWN GOODE, 1885, 1886 *WILLIAM H. DAHL, 1887, 1888 *LESTER F. WARD, 1889, 1890 *C. Hart MERRIAM, 1891, 1892 *C. V. Riuey, 1893, 1894 *Gro. M. STERNBERG, 1895, 1896 *L,. O. HowarD, 1897, 1898 * FREDERICK V. COVILLE, 1899, 1900 *F. A. Lucas, 1901, 1902 *B. W. EVERMANN, 19038, 1904 *F. H. KNOwLtTon, 1905, 1906 *L. STEJNEGER, 1907, 1908 *T. S. PaumMeErR, 1909, 1910 *Davip WHITE, 1911 *H. W. NELSON, 1912, 1913 PAUL BARTSCH, 1914, 1915 *W. P. Hay, 1916, 1917 *J. N. Rose, 1918 *Huex M. Smiru, 1919 A. D. HopxKIns, 1920 *N. HOLLISTER, 1921 *VERNON BAILEY, 1922 *A.S. HircHcock, 1923 *J. W. GIDLEY, 1924 _*S. A. RoHWweER, 1925 H. C. OBERHOLSER, 1926-1927 *K. A. GOLDMAN, 1927-1929 ALEXANDER WETMORE, 1929-1931 H. H. T. JACKSON, 1931-1933 *C,. EH. CHAMBLISS, 1933-1936 *H. C. FULLER, 1936-1938 *W. B. BELL, 1938-1940 E. P. WALKER, 1940-1942 *H. B. HumMpHRmY, 1942-1944 *F. THONE, 1944-1946 J. S. WADE, 1946-1947 J. W. ALDRICH, 1947-1949 F. C. LINCOLN, 1949-1951 W. A. DAYTON, 1951-1953 H. G. DEIGNAN, 1953-1955 HueuH T. O’Netm, 1955-1956 *Deceased. TABLE OF CONTENTS Volume 69 Officers and Committees for 1956... TP spraeqee Beira egy S09 9 SY 0 Pee ee SS Ta eo eee vill Further Additions to The List of Birds of Venezuela, by Alexander Wetmore and William H. Phelps, Jr. 1-12 Sciurus niger cinereus Linne Neotype Designation by Fred- Enicha Om Datkalow venient eek a 13-20 Five New Thrips from The Southwest (Thysanoptera: Tubulifera), by Lewis J. Stannard, Jr._-—_-_----__--_-___.. 21-28 Distinction of Maritime and Prairie Populations of Blue- winged Teal, by Robert E. Stewart and John W. . AIG BAe ee eee 29-36 Descriptions of Two New Western Oxybelus (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae), by Richard M. Bohart and Evert I. SGU NEST i cl ce es a eee eS 37-40 Generic Names in The Family Platyrhacidae and Their Type Species, with a Consideration of the Status of Stenonia Gray, 1842, by Richard L. Hoffman_______ —_ 41-52 The Taxonomic Status of the Bats Corynorhinus phyllotis G. M. Allen and Idionycteris mexicanus Anthony, by Charles Os Handley, Ji 9 eg aoe The Silky Pocket Mouse, Perognathus flavus, in Arizona, with a Description of A New Subspecies, by Donald F. DEHe Bern OTs ie re ee ete atone et sree eee STA RSE _ 55-58 Descriptions of Some Undescribed Forms of Schizolachnus with Key to Species Found in the United States (Aphidae), ibysHieC: Hottesi =» serena is fe 59-62 A New Species of Cinara from Canada (Aphidae), by F. C. NETO Giese eo AUNT ees en eh OT AS ee 63-64 A New Species of Cinara from Maine (Aphidae), by F. C. GGL esis te Fe OA Ie Bie eU ET Ue 65-68 A New Hermit Thrush from Canada, by Harry C. Ober- | Ey UIS(Ei Ceti Sn oa ree eas PW Tk nee sO A RO res 69-70 A Statistical Study of Thamnophis brachystoma (Cope) with Comments on the Kinship of 7. butleri (Cope), by wS\cUeL gtd EDN a0) 14 acl eR OT A Me Oise avalos er 71-82 Two New Species of Cinara from Arizona (Aphidae) by I Crs Ott es semantic toe ee 83-88 Descriptions of Some Undescribed Forms of Cinara (Aphidae)), aby i's, CHlottes, 22 2t ta 0 ee ey 89-92 Amphibians and Reptiles of The Ungava Peninsula, i RranCISMEna tp erge west) dee i ee Le 93-104 Six New Species of Adelothrips from The New World with Critical Remarks on This Genus and Related Genera, Dy eleWASqoe So banMand.: cit eee Skee ee 105-114 (i) Baer oO nh 41Ar we (ii) Proccedings of the Biological Society of Washington A New Crayfish of The Extraneus Section of The Genus Cambarus with A Key to The Species of The Section (Decapoda, Astacidae), by Horton H. Hobbs, Jr... 115-122 Additional Forms of Birds from Panama and Colombia, by Alexander Wetmore... eee 123-126 Three New Birds from Cerro El Teteo, Venezuela, and Extensions of Ranges to Venzuela and Colombia, by William H. Phelps and William H. Phelps, Jr... 127-134 A New Subspecies of Gopher Frog (Rana Capito LeConte), by Albert Schwartz and Julian R. Harrison, IIT. — 135-144 The Cottontail Rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) of Penin- sular Florida, by Albert Schwartz..._._____..____. 145-152 New Neotropical Hydrometridae (Hemiptera), by Carl J. Drake ©. Sake eet, 280 TE Ne ek _ 153-156 Five New Birds from Rio Chiquito, Tachira, Venezuela and Two Extensions of Ranges from Colombia, by William H. Phelps and William H. Phelps, Jr._____________________ 157-166 Feresa Intermedia (Gray) Preoceupied, by J. Knox Jones, Jriand Rebert bo Packard) 2.0 ss eee _ 167-168 The Status, Correct Name, and Geographic Range of the Boreal Chorus Frog, by Philip W. Smith_.______ _. 169-176 Notes on The Amphipods Eurythenes gryllus (Lichtenstein) and Katius obesus Chevreux, by Clarence R. Shoemaker 177-178 Two New Gerbils from Libya, by H. W. Setzer_________ ____ 179-182 A New Pocket Mouse from Southeastern Utah, by Stephen D. Durrant and M. Raymond Lee_______»_»__E 183-186 The Status of Mormopterus Peruanus J. A. Allen, by Luis dea Corre g8:e2 ee Re et 187-188 The Correct Type Locality of The Bat Trachops Coffini, by Luisde la Torre! 22 189-190 The Dental Formula of The Bats of The Genus Diaemus, by lauiside,la Lorre“) Siseters eee 191-192 Three New Gesneriaceae from Panama, by C. V. Morton — 193-196 A New Species of Free-tailed Bat (Genus Mormopterus) from Peru, by Charles O. Handley, Jr. — _. 197-202 A New Jird from Libya, by H. W. Setzer_.._...___.________._ 205-206 New Races of Birds from Laem Thong, The Golden Cher- sonese; by -H..G.;Delgnan) = 8 eee 207-214 Two New Thripidae (Thysanoptera) from Banana, by J. Wore bets OO sc — 215-218 Two New Species of Cinara from Northern Arizona with Illustrations of Hitherto Unfigured Species and Notes on Schizolachnus Flocculosa (Williams) (Aphidae), yo C: OieS = as a et 219-226 Two New Species of Cinara from Alaska (Aphidae), by Wy CPE Otiesh asi ais Sse ele i Te ie 227-230 Contents (iii) PLATES Plate I, page 14. Sciurus n. cinereus. Plate II, page 22. New Thrips from the Southwest. Plate III, page 56. Range of Perognathus flavus. Plate IV, page 60. Schizolachnus curvispinosus. Plate V, page 61. Schizolachnus wahlea and S. tusoca. Plate VI, page 64. Cinara acadiana. Plate VII, page 66. Cinara soplada. Plate VIII, page 103. Bufo terrestris copei. Plate IX, page 106. New Adelothrips. Plate X, page 121. Cambarus spicatus. Plate XI, page 173. Distribution of Boreal Chorus Frog. Plate XII, page 222. New Species of Cinara. Plate XIII, page 223. New Species of Cinara. Plate XIV, page 229. New Species of Cinara. PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON PROCEEDINGS Two meetings of the Biological Society of Washington have been held during the year. 1021st Meeting — March 28, 1956 SEVENTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING Vice-President Friedmann in the chair; 12 persons present. Informal reports by the Publications Committee and the Treasurer were presented. The following officers and Members of Council were elected: President, Herbert Friedmann; Vice-Presidents, Alan Stone, H. B. Owens, D. H. Johnson, A. C. Smith; Recording Secretary, S. F. Blake; Corresponding Secretary, John L. Paradiso; Treasurer, A. J. Duvall; Custodian of Publica- tions, D. H. Johnson; Members of Council, M. K. Brady, F. A. Chace, C. O. Handley, Jr., Louise M. Russell, Viola S. Shantz. 1022d Meeting — November 14, 1956 Joint meeting with Audubon Society of the District of Columbia, in room 43 of the U. S. National Museum. Formal Communication: William J. L. Sladen, The life his- tory of the Adelie Penguin. (iv) Vol. 69, pp. 1-12 May 21, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON FURTHER ADDITIONS TO THE LIST OF BIRDS OF VENEZUELA By ALEXANDER WETMORE AND WILLIAM H. PHELPS, JR. Examination of specimens in the Phelps Collection and of comparative material in the United States National Mu- seum and the American Museum of Natural History has shown to the authors some species and subspecies which they believe to be new, that are described in the body of this paper. These new birds were obtained by Sr. Ramén Urbano of the Phelps Collection, on several recent field expeditions. Three of the localities concerned, viz., Caripe, Bramén and Cerro Chimanta-tepui, appear in standard publications on the ornithology of Venezuela. Cerro de la Neblina is a sandstone, table-top mountain in extreme southern Vene- zuela at the headwaters of the Rio Yattia, nearly on the Brazilian bor- der. Rio Chiquito rises on the eastern slopes of the massif that culmi- nates in the Paramo de Tama, and is in the Orinoco river watershed. Burgua is situated near the river of the same name in the foothills near the eastern base of the same massif, on the Tachira side of the river. FAMILY TINAMIDAE. Crypturellus noctivagus cursitans subsp. nov. Characters.—Similar to Crypturellus noctivagus idoneus (Todd)1, but much darker; more rufescent, on the sides of the head and the entire dorsal surface; darker below also, except for the white throat; upper breast with gray more prominent, and darker. Description—Type, Phelps Collection no. 58,544, male, from San Luis, near Burgua,, 530 meters elevation, Estado Tachira, Venezuela, collected November 23, 1952, by Ramén Urbano; (on deposit in U.S. National Museum). Forehead mouse gray, shading to dark mouse gray on the center of the crown, and then gradually becoming warm sepia on the nape, this color continuing over the hindneck; base of the hindneck washed with deep neutral gray; back natal brown shading through bister on the rump, the feathers tipped narrowly with dusky neutral gray; upper tail coverts snuff brown, barred indistinctly with clay color and tawny olive, and irregularly with dusky neutral gray; outermost lesser wing coverts deep neutral gray, forming a definite shoulder patch, contrasting with the Saccardo’s umber of the inner series; alula and remiges fucous-black, the outer webs of the primaries becoming fuscous, the longer ones with a narrow edging of Saccardo’s umber at the tip on the outer web; middle and greater coverts Sac- cardo’s umber, barred irregularly with dusky neutral gray, cinnamon- 1Crypturus idoneus Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 32, June 27, 1919, p. 117 (Bonda, Magdalena, Colombia). 1—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., VoL. 69, 1956 (1) 2 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington buff and clay color; secondaries marked irregularly on outer webs with pinkish buff, and cinnamon buff, the innermost natal brown like the back, with broken bars of dusky neutral gray and tawny olive; lores, space under eyes, and stripe from base of mandible to below the ear coverts, cinnamon; ear coverts, space behind eye, and sides of neck verona brown; throat clear white, changing to mouse gray on foreneck and upper breast, with a faint wash of verona brown as an indistinct edging on the feathers of the foreneck; breast light cinnamon-buff, becoming paler on the upper abdomen; sides drab; fianks barred broadly with dark neutral gray, narrowly with cinnamon-buff, and tipped with cartridge buff; lower abdomen cinnamon-buff, barred narrowly with dark neutral gray; under tail coverts clay color, marked irregularly with dull black; outermost under wing coverts deep neutal gray, the innermost light neutral gray; axillars light mouse gray, tipped with pale pinkish buff. Maxilla fuscous-black; mandible pale, dull cream-buff (from dried skin); tarsus and toes reddish brown (from eollector’s label, dull tawny-olive in dried skin). Measurements. Males (3 specimens), wing 162-165 (163.3), tail 55.6- 58.8 (56.7), culmen from base 27.2-30.6 (28.8), tarsus 48.9-49.2 (49.1) mm. Type, male, wing 162, tail 55.6, culmen from base 28.7, tarsus 49.2 mm. Range. Known from Campamento Petrolero (400 meters elevation), San Luis (530 meters) and Mata de Nigua (600 meters), all near Burgua, southern Tachira, Venezuela. Remarks. The present form, recognizable at a glance because of its deeper, more rufescent color, clearly is connected most closely with the race idoneus that extends into northwestern Zulia from the Guajira Peninsula, and ranges south along the eastern base of the Sierra de Perija to beyond Machiques. It is presumed that the distribution of C. n. cursitans may extend through southwestern Lara to Tachira though no specimens from this area are yet available. It is curious to note that the form from TAchira that we describe in these notes superficially is closely similar to another race of the species, Cryturellus noctivagus columbianus (Salvadori) of western Bolivar and northern Antioquia in northwestern Colombia. C. n. cursi- tans differs from columbianus in having the sides of the head and neck brighter brown, the secondaries with bolder markings, and the tips of the axillars buff. The two forms are separated completely by the pale colored C. n. idoneus which is found in the broad expanse of land between. FAMILY APODIDAE Chaetura vauxi aphanes subsp. nov. Characters. Similar to Chaetura vauxi richmondi Ridgway2, but throat less clearly white, having a very light brownish gray east; pale color of foreneck extended to or onto the upper breast; rump and upper tail coverts paler, more brownish gray. 2 Ohaetura richmondi Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 23, April 19, 1910, p. 53 (GQuayabo, Costa Rica). Wetmore and Phelps—Birds of Venezuela 3 Similar also to Chaetura vauai ochropygia Aldrich’, but throat and foreneck differing as in C. v. richmondi; breast and abdomen slightly darker; slightly larger. Description. Type, Phelps Collection no. 22856, male, Caripe, Estado Monagas, Venezuela, 800 meters elevation, taken July 31, 1943, by Ramon Urbano; (on deposit in U.S. National Museum). Crown, hind- neck, upper back and wings dull black, with a very faint sheen of olivaceous black; lower back and rump between light drab and light grayish olive; upper tail coverts slightly grayer than light drab; 1ee- trices chaetura black, with the imner webs shaded with light drab; lores chaetura black; sides of head hair brown; throat and foreneck pale grayish white; breast, sides and abdomen hair brown; flanks, under tail coverts and under wing coverts chaetura drab. Bill dull black; tarsus, toes and claws fuscous (from dried skin). Measurements. Males (12 specimens), wing 112.5-115.4 (114.3), tail (6 individuals) 34.3-37.7 (36.1), eculmen from base 5.4-6.2 (5.6), tarsus 10.0-11.5 (10.8) mm. Females (7 specimens), wing 110.0-115.7 (113.8), tail 38.7-39.2 (38.9), culmen from base 5.1-5.9 (5.5), tarsus 10.0-11.1 (10.7) mm. Type, male, wing 115.4, tail 35.8, eulmen from base 5.4, tarsus 11.5 mm. Range.——Northern Venezuela: Known at present from Lara (Bo- querén), Yaracuy (Buearal, San Felipe), Carabobo (Cumbre de Valen- cia), Aragua (Turiamo, Colonia Tovar, Cerro Golfo Triste), Distrito Federal (El Limén, Caracas), Miranda (Petare, Curupao, Guarenas), Anzoategui (Bergantin), and Monagas (Caripe). Remarks.—The discovery of a breeding population of Chaetura vauxt in northern Venezuela announced by Sutton and Phelps* has added considerably to the known range of the species, which however remains otherwise unknown east of central Panama, except for the region immediately adjacent to the Canal Zone, and the Pearl Islands (San José, Pedro Gonzalez). Comparison of additional material from Central America and Panama with the extensive series in the Phelps Collection now has shown that the birds of Venezuela belong to a distinct race, readily perceptible when birds of similar age are compared, but easily confused with C. v. richmondi when immature birds, marked by whitish tips on pri- maries and secondaries, are not segregated from the adults. It seems to have been this that led to the earlier identification of the Venezuelan series as C. v. richmondi, the immature birds being darker than the adults. Freshly taken skins are faintly grayer than older museum specimens, which become slightly brownish with storage in museum trays, but the change is not extensive. The specimens used in the present study are properly comparable, since their range in age as museum specimens is in close agreement. The somewhat smaller size of C. v. ochropygia is indicated by the followimg measurements from the adults in the series from southern Veraguas (Sona) and the Pearl Islands in the U.S. National Museum: 8 Chaetura vauxi ochropygia Aldrich, Sci. Publ. Cleveland Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, Aug. 31, 1937, p. 68 (Paracoté, 1 mile south of the mouth of Rio Angulo, Montijo Bay, Veraguas, Panamé). 4 Sutton and Phelps, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, no. 505, Jan. 14, 1948 .pp. 1-6; Sutton, Wilson Bull., vol. 60, no. 3, Sept., 1948, pp. 189-190. 4 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Males: (11 specimens), wing 108.0-112.2 (109.4), tail 33.0-38.2 (35.0), eulmen from base (10 individuals) 5.0-5.4 (5.3), tarsus 10.2- 11.2 (10.6) mm. Females (6 specimens), wing 108.2-110.8 (109.1), tail 32.7-35.0 (34.1), eulmen from base 5.0-5.5 (5.3), tarsus 10.0-10.8 (10.4) mm. FAMILY TROCHILIDAE Amazilia distans sp. nov. Characters.—Size and general appearance that of Amazilia jfimbriata (Gmelin)® but with a glittering crown spot, different in color from the rest of the head; shining blue (instead of green) on the foreneck and upper breast. Description.—Type, Phelps Collection no. 60790, male, from El Salao, 300 meters elevation, near Burgua, Estado Tachira, Venezuela, taken July 17, 1954, by Ramén Urbano; (on deposit in U.S. National Mu- seum). Fore crown, from forehead to level of the posterior margin of the eyes, glittering benzol green; posterior part of crown and hind- neck shining cossack green; back, wing coverts and rump shining grass green; upper tail coverts shining carob brown; remiges dull purplish black; rectrices dull blue-green black; throat, foreneck and upper breast glittering spectrum blue; feathers of throat edged with white producing a spotted effect; sides shining grass green, spreading across lower breast where the feathers are edged widely with olive-gray; abdomn pale olive-gray; flanks white, the feathers forming a tuft on either side; under tail coverts deep quaker drab margined with dull white; under wing coverts and edge of wing shining grass green. Bill reddish in life, tipped with black, tarsi and toes dull black. Measurements.—Male (type), wing 51, tail 27.3, culmen from base 20 mm. Range—Known only from near Burgua, in southern TAachira, Venezuela. Remarks.—The type, the only specimen known while compared with Amazilia fimbriata, differs definitely in the glittering blue foreneck and upper breast, and in possessing a crown spot differing in color from the rest of the head. Apparently the basal half of the bill in life was distinctly more red, also. The appearance of the specimen is so dis- tinct from that of other species of the genus that we have no hesitance in describing it as representing a new species. FAMILY FURNARIIDAE Philydor hylobius sp. nov. Characters——Similar to Philydor atricapillus Wied®, but tail equal to wing instead of shorter; feet and tarsi decidedly heavier; more deeply rufescent throughout; ear coverts entirely dark. Description.—Type, Phelps Collection no. 59683, sex ?, high slopes of Cerro de la Neblina, 1800 meters, Territorio Amazonas, Venezuela, collected January 26, 1954, by Ramén Urbano (on deposit in U-S. 5Prochilus fimbriatus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., vol. 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 493. 6 Anabates atricapillus Wied, Reise Bras., vol. 2, 1821, p. 147 (p. 146 in 8vo0 ed.) (Rio Catolé, Baia, Brasil). Wetmore and Phelps—Burds of Venczuela 5 National Museum). Crown and hindneck Prout’s brown, with faintly indicated edgings of hazel; back, rump, upper tail coverts and wing coverts warm cinnamon-brown; secondaries and inner primaries be- tween cinnamon-brown and ochraceous-tawny, except for the outer portions of the inner webs, which are dark neutral gray; outer pri- maries dark neutral gray with the outer webs ochraceous-tawny; a broad superciliary, extending from the nostril to posterior end of the pileum, tawny; space in front of eye, extending back across lower eyelid and auricular area, Dresden brown; a single line of feathers in center of lower lid tawny, bordered by Dresden brown on either side; under surface ochraceous-tawny, shading to cinnamon-brown on flanks and under tail coverts; feathers of throat and foreneck white basally; under wing coverts tawny. Mavxilla, and tip and cutting edge of mandible, fuscous; rest of mandible olive-buff; tarsus and toes hair brown (from dried skin). Measurements——Type (sex not known), wing 76.4, (tail lacking), culmen from base 19.0, tarsus 22.0 mm. Female, immature, wing 78.0, tail 82.0, culmen from base 18.7, tarsus 21.3 mm. Range.—Known only from the subtropical zone on the high north- western slopes of Cerro de la Neblina, southeastern Territorio Ama- zonas, Venezuela. Remarks—The present species is the most unusual of the birds found on the higher slopes of Cerro de la Neblina, where apparently it is uncommon, since only two were taken during two weeks of inten- sive collecting. The second of these is a female in full juvenal plumage (Phelps Collection no. 59684) that differs somewhat from the adult as indicated in the following: Head and neck Prout’s brown, the feathers tipped lightly with dusky neutral gray, producing faintly- indicated squamations; back cinnamon-brown, changing to russet on the rump and upper tail coverts; wings as in the adult; tail Mars brown; foreneck, breast and abdomen buckthorn brown, tipped lightly with dusky neutral gray, forming slightly indicated squamations; sides and flanks Dresden brown; under tail coverts tawny; markings on sides of head as in the adult. The long tail is much graduated, and has the attenuated slender points characteristic of juvenile individuals in species of this genus. The bird has not yet begun the molt to the first post-juvenal plumage. This topotype is also placed on deposit in the U.S. National Museum, that the characters of the tail and of the juvenal plumage may be available for examination with the type. The bird here described is closely allied to the type species of the genus Philydor atricapillus, that ranges from Baia and Minas Geraes to Paraguay and northern Argentina, which it resembles in general terms of pattern and color. The more slender bill and the heavier feet and tarsi, coupled with the color differences described, give it status as a species. We have hesitated in preparing this description due to the imper- fection of the adult individual which lacks the tail, but have given it a name because of its outstanding uniqueness, and since it may be long before further collections are available from the remote mountain that is its home. 6 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington FAMILY FORMICARIIDAE. Grallaria chthonia sp. nov. Characters—In general, resembling the South American forms with streaked breasts at present grouped as races under the species name Grallaria guatimalensis Prévost and Des Murs, but with breast, sides and upper abdomen lightly but definitely barred; decidedly darker and more olive throughout, especially on the lower surface, throat dark olive; bill relatively longer, in proportion to its width at base. Description—Type, Phelps Collection no. 61055, male, from Hacienda La Providencia, 1800 meters elevation, Rio Chiquito, Tachira, Vene- zeuala, collected February 10, 1955, by Ramén Urbano (on deposit in U.S. National Museum.) Pileum to the level of the posterior margin of the eyes sepia, becoming Saccardo’s umber on forehead, with each feather edged narrowly with black around the exposed margin; posterior part of crown and hindneck neutral gray, also margined with black, except in the line of an indistinct superciliary, extending from the center of the eye back above the ear coverts, in which the black edging is absent or very slightly evident on a few of the feathers; feathers of this superciliary anteriorly becoming whitish basally, tipped with buffy brown, and extending thus to base of bill behind nostril; back, scapulars and rump between light brownish olive and brownish olive, the feathers edged narrowly with black; upper tail coverts cinnamon-brown; rectrices sepia, with the exposed webs bister; wing coverts and outer webs of secondaries olive-brown; primaries fuscous-black, the outer webs edged with olive-brown; loral area mixed blackish and buffy brown; space beneath eye clove brown, with the anterior feathers whitish to buffy brown basally; ear coverts and sides of neck olive-brown; a pronounced rictal streak extending from the base of the mandible to the level of the posterior margin of the ear coverts, with the feathers dull white basally, washed with cream-buff near the tips, and tipped with black; throat and upper foreneck with the feathers olive-brown basally, merging into dull black at the tips; lower foreneck with a broad spot in which the feathers basally are dull white becoming cream-buff, with an indefinite line of dull black separating the lighter basal color from the buffy brown tip; upper breast buffy brown with concealed whitish shaft streaks; lower breast and sides dull whitish, barred with mouse gray, the barring merging with the lighter color so that while distinct, the lines are not sharply delimited, the whole washed lightly with clay eolor; flanks with the barring more indefinite and the clay color wash more evident; lower abdomen dull whitish washed with chamois; under tail coverts slightly paler than buckthorn brown; under wing coverts ochraceous-buff, with the outer margin olive brown; axillars sepia, edged with cinnamon-buff; inner webs of innermost primaries and outer secondaries with a slight wash of chamois. Bill dull black, be- coming pale olive-buff at base of mandible; tarsi and toes hair brown (from dried skin). Measurements.—Male, type, wing 97.8, tail 38.7, culmen from base 26.8, tarsus 43.7 mm. Range.—Known only from the type locality in the subtropical zone on the Rio Chiquito in southwestern Tachira. Remarks.—The barring noted on the lower surface, which though Wetmore and Phelps—Birds of Venezuela / not heavily contrasted with the basal coloration is clearly evident, together with the darker, less rufescent brown color in general, sets this bird apart from any others at present known in northern South America. The elongated, rather slender bill is much like that of Grallaria allenti Chapman, and is quite distinct from the heavier, broader form found in the various races of Grallaria varia (Boddaert). Also the bill is longer than that of Grallaria guatimalensis carmelitae Todd, being more like that of G. g. regulus Selater of Ecuador. FAMILY COTINGIDAE. Acrochordopus zeledoni bunites subsp. nov. Characters.—Similar to Acrochordopus zeledoni wetmorei Aveledo and Pons’ but bill decidedly more slender; dark gray of crown extending down over the hindneck with only a trace of greenish wash; back slightly duller, less greenish; slightly darker below, especially on the breast, with the under tail coverts darker; edge of the wing darker. Description—Type, Phelps Collection no. 35992, sex not marked, western slope of Cerro Chimanté-tepui, 1300 meters elevation, Estado Bolivar, Venezuela, taken July 9, 1946, by Ramén Urbano (on deposit in U.S. National Museum). Forehead and a narrow superciliary stripe terminating at posterior margin of eye dull white; lores dark mouse gray; crown and hindneck deep mouse gray, the latter with a very faint greenish wash; back, scapulars, rump and upper tail coverts dull vetiver green; lesser wing coverts vetiver green; middle and greater coverts dull black, tipped with deep sea-foam green; inner primaries and secondaries edged with deep sea-foam green; rectrices dull hair brown, edged toward the base with dull deep grape green; sides of head dull white, including a row of feathers bordering the margin of the lower eyelid; chin and throat dull white becoming faintly yellowish green down the center of foreneck; area across the base of lower mandible, below eye, indistinctly barrd with deep mouse gray; breast, abdomen and flanks between barium yellow and citron yellow, the breast heavily washed with grape green; sides grape green; under tail coverts dark olive-buff; under wing coverts Marguerite yellow, the inner ones becoming primrose yellow; edge of wing primrose yellow, mixed with dull hair brown; inner webs of primaries edged with dull white except at tips. Maxilla and tip of mandible fuscous; base of mandible grayish white; tarsus and toes deep mouse gray (from dried skin ). Measurements.—Type, sex not marked, wing 64.0, tail 46.5, culmen from base 9.0, width of bill at nostril 3.1, tarsus 14.0 mm. Range-——Known only from the mountain Chimanta-tepui, Hstado Bolivar, Venezuela. Remarks.—The single specimen of this interesting bird has been under prolonged study because of the rarity of the species in museum collections. We have now seen the majority of those available, in- cluding the type of A. ¢. leucogonys (Sclater and Salvin) in the British Museum (Natural History), and find that in none of the skins of the other races of zeledoni is the bill small as it is in bunites. In 7™Mem. Soc. Cienc, Nat. La Salle, no. 35, 1953, p. 203 (Jamayaujaina, Rio Negro, Sierra de Perijé, Estado Zulia, Venezuela. 8 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington this character the race described here, isolated widely from its near relatives, is definitely peculiar. The roughened scalation of the tarsus in Acrochordopus that marks this genus from any of its relatives is an unusual character. Aside from this, the tarsus is pyenaspidean. While Hellmayr has placed this genus in the family Tyrannidae, it is the carefully considered opinion of the senior author that Ridgway was correct in assigning Acrochor- dopus to the Cotingidae. FAMILY VIREONIDAE. Hylophilus aurantiifrons helvinus subsp. nov. Characters——Similar to Hylophilus aurantiifrons saturatus (Hell- mayr)8 but decidedly darker above, especially on the crown which is deeper brown; sides of neck and upper breast with brownish wash darker and more extensive; flanks greener; under tail coverts darker yellow. Description.—Type, Phelps Collection no. 58965, male, from Campa- mento Petrolero, 350 meters elevation, near Burgua, Estado Tachira, Venezuela, collected Nov. 5, 1952, by Ramén Urbano; (on deposit in U.S. National Museum). Crown and hindneck between Saccardo’s umber and sepia, merging indistinctly into an area of dull reed yellow on the forehead, extending posteriorly slightly in the line of the an- terior superciliary area; upper back, including scapular area, buffy olive; lower back, rump, and upper tail coverts dull citrine; wing coverts dull citrine, edged with yellowish citrine; primaries and secondaries deep mouse Gray, edged with yellowish citrine; rectrices olive-citrine, edged, especially toward the base, with yellowish citrine; loral area, and an indistinct line extending back above the eye to its posterior margin, dull white; sides of head Isabella color, this extend- ing down the sides of neck; throat and foreneck dull white; a wash of deep colonial buff across upper breast, shading into pale Isabella color at the sides; lower breast and abdomen reed yellow; under tail coverts citron yellow; sides and flanks olive yellow; under surface of rectrices yellowish olive, with inner webs margined with olive-yellow; edge of wing citron yellow; under wing coverts light barium yellow; inner webs of primaries and secondaries edged with primrose yellow. Iris dark; eculmen blackish; rest of bill flesh color; legs grayish brown (from field label). Measurements.——Males (3 specimens), wing 57.0-60.2 (58.1), tail 45.2-48.2 (47.0), culmen from base 14.3-16.3 (15.1), tarsus 15.4-16.8 (16.2) mm. Female (one specimen), wing 55.4, tail 44.4, eulmen from base 14.6, tarsus 17.0 mm. 8 Pachysylvia aurantiifrons saturata Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., vol. 13, no. 1, Feb. 24, 1906, p. 12 (San Antonio, ‘‘Cuman4é’ = Monagas). Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., vol. 13, pt. 8, Sept. 16, 1935, p. 171, says in his citation of the original description of this bird ‘‘no type locality indicated,’ and then proceeds to list a type specimen from ‘‘Rincon de San Antonio. State of Sucre, northeastern Venezuela.’ This is an oversight, however, since when he proposed the name he included as a footnote on the same page ‘Type: Mus. Tring, no. 978, Caracciolo coll. ‘‘Q”’ ad., San Antonio, Cumand, March 18th, 1898.’ The loca- tion actually is in the northern part of the state of Monagas. Rincén de San Antonio is another place entirely, being located 10 miles distant. Wetmore and Phelps—Birds of Venezuela 9 Type, male, wing 57.0, tail 48.2, culmen from base 16.3, tarsus 15.4 mm. Range.——Known in western Venezuela, from La Sierra (120 meters elevation), 12 kilometers southwest of Machiques, western Zulia, and from Burgua (250 meters elevation), southern TdAchira. Discussion.—This form, represented by 6 specimens in the collections available, is the most heavily pigmented of its species, being so de- eidedly darker than H. a. saturatus that it stands out at a glance from the long series of that race that we have examined. JH. a. helvinus is supposed to range through the foothill region of western Zulia southward to the area of occurrence in TAchira. Hylophilus flavipes galbanus subsp. nov. Characters.—Similar to Hylophilus flavipes flavipes Wafresnaye? but more buffy, less yellow, on breast and sides, and whiter on abdomen; darker above. Description.—Type, Phelps Collection no. 11458, male, from Bramén, Tachira, elevation 1200 meters, collected March 8, 1941, by Ramén Urbano; on deposit in U.S. National Museum. Crown Saccardo’s olive; an indistinct line from above the eye forward onto the forehead deep colonial buff; back olive-citrine, becoming dull citrine on the Tump; wing coverts dull citrine; remiges chaetura drab, edged with yellowish citrine, upper surface of rectrices dull citrine; sides of head buffy olive; throat olive-buff; foreneck and upper breast deep olive- buff, with a faint wash of buffy brown; lower breast and abdomen cartridge buff, washed with cream-buff; sides dull olive-yellow; under tail coverts slightly brighter than reed yellow; edge of wing reed yellow; under wing coverts amber yellow. Maxilla dark wood brown; mandible dull cream-buff; tarsus and toes dull chamois (from dried skin). Iris white (from collector’s label). Range.—Northern Colombia, from northeastern Magdalena at the eastern base of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (La Cueva), and the valley of the Rio Rancheria (El Conejo, Riohacha), east through the Comisaria de Guajira (Carriapia, Maicao) except for the eastern tip (where H. f. melleus Wetmore is found in the foothills of the Serrania de Macuire), south in northwestern Venezuela, through western Zulia (Paraguaipoa, La Esperanza, Las Micuras, Villa del Rosario, La Sierra, Santa Barbara), extending again into Colombia along the eastern foothills of the eastern Andes in Norte de Santander (Ctcuta, Villa Felisa), south into Meta (Villavicencio) ; again in Venezuela east along the foothills of the Andes from Tachira (Santo Domingo, La Sabana near San Cristébal, Bramén), and Mérida (El Vigia) through Barinas (Barinitas, La Veguita), and Portuguesa (Guanare, Acarigua) to eastern Yaracuy (San Felipe, Nirgua). Measurements.—Males (33 specimens), wing 52.1-58.5 (55.6), tail 41.1-48.9 (44.5, average of 32), culmen from base 11.6-13.8 (12.8, average of 32), tarsus 16.9-19.3 (17.9, average of 31) mm. Females (18 specimens), wing 50.8-57.5 (53.8), tail 40.7-46.4 (43.7), culmen from base 12.2-13.5 (12.8, average of 17), tarsus 16.3-19.0 (17.7) mm. ® Hylophilus flavipes Lafresnaye, Rey. Zool., vol. 8, Sept., 1845, p. 342 (Bogota, Colombia). > 10 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Type, male, wing 56.4, tail 42.8, eculmen from base 12.8, tarsus 16.9 mm. Remarks.—With the excellent series of skins now at hand in the U.S. National Museum and the Phelps Collection it is possible to clarify various problems concerned with Hylophilus flavipes. Typical H. f. flavipes Lafresnaye, named from Bogot&é skins, ranges widely through tropical Colombia, while the birds of Venezuela have been listed as Hylophilus flavipes acuticaudus Lawrence. Certain specimens of a yellowish cast from Villavicencio, Meta, near the eastern base of the eastern Andean range have been carried as true flavipes for many years without arousing comment, and more recently similar specimens that .came to the Phelps Collection from southwestern Venezuela were placed under the same name. Our present studies, based on long series of specimens, show clearly that true flavipes does not cross the eastern Andes of Colombia, and that there is a group between it and acuti- caudus over a considerable geographic area that needs to be named. The deeper coloration of this new form has come especially to attention in skins secured recently in southern TAachira. Intergradation with acuticaudus appears in the general region of western Estado Carabobo. We have a long series of skins that repre- sent this race that cover northeastern Venezuela south to northern Bolivar. Lawrence’s type specimen agrees with skins from the Caracas area, so that Todd’s designation of the restricted type locality to Puerto La Cruz, Aragua, seems reasonable. Several skins examined from Margarita Island appear to agree with our series from the Venezuelan mainland. FAMILY THRAUPIDAHE. Hemispingus melanotis melanotis (Selater) Chlorospingus melanotis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1854 (April, 1855), p. 157, pl. 68 (‘‘Bogot&’’, Colombia.) Two specimens, male and female collected January 30 and February 7, 1955, in forest at 1800 meters altitude on the Hacienda La Proyi- dencia, Rio Chiquito, Tachira, constitute the first record for Venezuela. In size and color these skins come clearly within the individual varia- tion found in a small series of the typical race, described originally from Bogota trade skins, and known to range in the subtropical zone of the Central and EHastern Andes, extending south into eastern Ecuador. The bird has not been reported previously north of the Bogota region in Cundinamarca where it is known from the vicinity of Fusugasuga and Choachi, so that the two from the Rio Chiquito mark a considerable extension of range to the north. Vol. 69, pp. 13-20 May 21, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SCIURUS NIGER CINEREUS LINNE NEOTYPE DESIGNATION By FREDERICK 8. BARKALOW, JR. North Carolina State College, Raleigh, N. C. The vague original descriptions without type designations have, as Osgood (1928) expressed it, ‘‘. . . tried the souls of conscientious taxonomists for years.’’ Dr. Osgood might also have added that the failure of later revisors to designate a lectotype or neotype in the absence of the holotype has in many instances resulted in a proliferation of synonyms, each necessitating a laborious disposal process by subsequent workers. The expansion or contraction of a species’ range, which results either from environmental change or from intentional movements by man, appears to increase the desirability of designation of a specimen which can be considered typical of a named original population. This is particularly important in the case of game animals where indiscrimi- nate transplanting may result in hybrid populations bearing little resemblanee to the original stock. As an aid to the worker interested in studying the phenotypic effects of such introductions on the original populations, it would appear essential to have a standard for com- parison. The gradual attrition of the habitable range of the fox squirrel, Sciurus niger cinereus Linne, and the precarious existence of the rem- nant population on the Eastern Shore of Maryland (Mansueti, 1952) indicate the desirability for designating a neotype from this distinct population. Much of the confusion regarding the correct name for this form could perhaps have been avoided had a neotype been desig- nated by one of the early revisors of this group. The taxonomic status of the name Sciwrus niger cinereus Linnaeus has been treated in an earlier paper (Barkalow, 1954). There was, of course, no holotype designated by Linnaeus; there does not appear to be any specimens in existence which served as the basis for Linnaeus’ description. Both the Linnaen Society of London and the British Museum of Natural History were contacted in efforts to locate any existing material. Neotype No. 58158, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Mammal Collection: 92 adult, skin and skull, Cambridge, Dorchester County, Maryland; collected 13 November 1926 by Ralph W. Jackson; original number 327. (Fig. 1). Description of the neotype: Extreme tip of muzzle white, ears Cinnamon-Buff (Ridgeway, 1912), cheeks and eye ring Pinkish Buff. Top of head with indistinct whitish blaze. Dorsal portion of back a 2—Proc. Bron. Soc. WASH., VoL. 69, 1956 (13) 14 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington —— Figure 1 Left to Right: Sciurus n. cinereus (neotype) Cambridge, Dorchester Co., Maryland, (Univ. Mich. #68158); Sciurus n. niger (gray-white phase), West of McClellansville, Berkeley Co., South Carolina (U.S. Nat. Mus. #270147); Sciurus n. niger (melanistic), Wadmelaw Island, Charleston Co., South Carolina (Charleston Mus. #37.207). Barkalow—Sciurus Niger Cinereus Linne Neotype 15 Deep Gull Gray effect, dorsal areas of feet and toes a Pinkish Buff with a few black-tipped hairs on the hind feet at the base of the toes. Belly white, mid-ventral portion of tail between Pinkish Buff and Cinnamon-Buff, tips of tail hairs white. Distinct subterminal black band around tail, uninterrupted at tip when viewed from ventral side. Measurements: Neotype (adult 9) Total length, 599; tail vertebrae, 285; hind foot, 74; skull—greatest length, 67.0; basilar length, 53.0; palatal length, 30.0; zygomatic breadth, 38.0; maxillary tooth row (alveolar), 12.0; nasal length, 23.6; imterorbital constriction, 19.5; postorbital constriction, 19.8; postorbital process width, 29.7; rostral depth, 14.2. Measurements on all specimens examined are given in Table 1. Characters: Similar to Sciwrus niger niger, but slightly smaller. Coloration almost identical with the gray-white phase of niger, except the black hood, always found in niger, is absent in cinereus. The com- bination of a white muzzle and white ears invariably found in niger is usually absent in cinereus. Partial or complete melanism is unusual in cinereus, quite in contrast to the frequency of its occurrence in niger. Belly white, varying to Pale Gull Gray on an occasional in- dividual. Mid-ventral portion of tail usually varying from white to Pinkish Buff, never a darker hue than Cinnamon-Buff. Tips of tail hairs usually white, but occasionally as dark as Pinkish-Buff. Back covered with black-tipped, white-banded hairs giving a uniform salt- and-pepper effect which varies in intensity from a Deep Gull Gray to a Slate-Gray. Ears and cheeks usually vary from Pale Gull Gray to a tone between Pinkish Buff and Cinnamon-Buff. No specimens were examined with a tone darker than Cinnamon-Buff on either the ears or the cheeks. Pinkish Buff ears and cheeks, particularly in the summer pelage, seem to be the most typical. The eye ring is never darker than Pinkish Buff. Dorsal portion of feet, when whitish, vary from Pale Gull Gray to Slate-Gray, and, when colored, may be as dark as Pinkish Buff. The presence of black-tipped hairs on the dorsal portion of the feet is a matter of individual variation in all the subspecies of Sciurus niger. In cinereus, black tips on the foot hairs may be completely absent, although on some non-melanistic individuals as high as 50 per cent of the foot hairs present may be black-tipped. In partially melanistic specimens, the tips of the majority of ventral guard hairs may be black-tipped. Specimens examined, 30, as follows: Maryland, Dorchester County, 23; Talbot County, 1; ‘‘Eastern Shore,’’ 2; Pennsylvania, Dauphin County, 1; Lower Brandywine Valley, 1; (?) Lancaster County, 2 (cinereus &% vulpinus). Original distribution: Probably throughout the peninsula of Delaware and the Eastern Shore of Maryland and Virginia. Two specimens in the Philadelphia Academy of Science believed by Poole (1944) to have been taken near Lancaster, Pennsylvania, are integrades which approach cinereus. Another in the Philadelphia Academy collection, which, according to Poole, was taken within twenty miles of Wilming- ton, Delaware, appears to be typically cinereus. A specimen in the Reading Public Museum and Art Gallery from Dauphin County, Penn- sylvania, is typically cinereus. Present distribution: Dozier and Hall (1944) give its present dis- Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 16 (=) «so1157 oe" 92'T cg’ 98° 88° Lg 08" 68° LST oe 9° 9°81 LLL prepuryg 2 CesT 9°13 361 $'8T $13 GIT O'LE G83 ¥ 6F 1°89 89 6S3 os¢ WIN UTY | OFT FE 613 ait 8'F3 ear G'6S 9'TE ogc 9°89 T8 GOs 909 WNUWIXB J] 2 OG'EL | P9°62 | TP'0S | 8L°6L | 69'3Z | 90ST | BOLE | 96°63 | FESS | F699 EPL P'38c| SPSS WBOTN| py &1 TL aL ST ST ST oL &I rel oL ge 9T QT jSuomtoodg ‘onN|” | | | | | | | | (=) lo1I PE" SL’ LY 9¢° Cr 0g" 96° LY #9" 88" ee 9°31 9°LT piepuryg] = Lt 262 0°02 6'8T G38 CTL L'98 6°63 G'3g 1'99 TL GGs ose WNL UL YY ia L‘YT STs S13 Z'06 O'S Or aE 9°68 Te GPS 8°89 08 LO€ L19 WIMNUUIXB | S0'FL | Fr'OE | 8G°0Z | FL'GL | SF'ES | FO'ST | 9F'SE | BLO | PE'ES | FOL 9°FL #G13| L'6LS weoyy| 6 N OT OT 6 OL | 6 6 6 6 02 02 0g |suouttsedg ‘oN bd by by my A N by bd Q 4 4 pereee | oe i Gee Boe S| a = a ne 5 =f 2 + See So x ony 9 o &. ° & = fap pu Pe 2 9 Qa BA Bo a 45 B 9 2 Eo < ee creme ee |) cet | eS < = aoe a 5 M 5 Seimececee cesge | eo |e |e Bale 8 asec e ot |e ee es a te ate ie 8 5 | f E a 2), 3 = > ish ° S os > i) = 3 fa a =e ENE EIS eUUITT snawawio sab snuniog jO syuemoInsBo; T WTavii Barkalow—Sciurus Niger Cinereus Linne Neotype 17 tribution in Maryland as Queen Anne, Talbot, Wicomico, Somerset, Worchester, and Dorchester Counties. It has apparently been extirpated in Virginia, Delaware, and Pennsylvania. Acknowledgments: The author wishes to express his sincere appre- ciation to the following individuals and museums for their kindness in lending material for study: Dr. W. H. Burt, University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology; Dr. David H. Johnson, United States National Museum; Dr. E. Raymond Hall, University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History; Dr. Earl L. Poole, The Reading Public Museum and Art Gallery; Dr. Albert Schwartz, The Charleston Museum; Dr. Fred- erick A. Ulmer, Jr., The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia; and, Mr. Stanley P. Young, United States Fish and Wildlife Service. LITERATURE CITED Barkalow, F. S., Jr. The status of the names Sciwrus niger cinereus Linnaeus and Sciurus niger vulpinus Gmelin. Journ. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soe., Baltimore, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 19-26, illus., 1954. Dozier, H. L., and Harold E. Hall. Observations on the Bryant fox squirrel. Maryland Conservationist, Baltimore, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 2-7, illus., 1944. Mansueti, Romeo. Comments on the fox squirrels of Maryland. Mary- land Naturalist, Baltimore, vol. 22, nos. 3 and 4, pp. 30-41, 1952. Osgood, Wilfred H. Why is a type specimen? Journ. Mamm., Balti- more, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 52-56, 1928. Poole, Earl L. The technical names of the northeastern fox squirrels. Journ. Mamm., Baltimore, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 315-317, 1944. Ridgeway, Robert. Color standards and color nomenclature. The author, Washington, 2nd ed., 52 pp., illus., 1912. 18 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Vol. 69, pp. 21-28 May 21, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON FIVE NEW THRIPS FROM THE SOUTHWEST (THYSANOPTERA: TUBULIFERA) By Lewis J. STANNARD, JR. Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana Several of the new species described herein were collected by colleagues of Dr. Federico Bonet of Mexico City, who, in turn sent them on to me. The remaining species were taken by Dr. C. C. Hoff of Albuquerque and Dr. G. F. Knowlton of Logan, Utah. To these zoologists I express my apprecia- tion for making the following thrips available for study. I am indebted also to Miss Kellie O’Neill for the loan of speci- mens and for helpful information on Haplothrips and its relatives. The types of each species are deposited in the Illinois Natural History Survey. Adraneothrips Hood In erecting this genus, Hood originally related it to Haplothrips. If, as Hood contends, Adraneothrips is allied to Haplothrips, the re- lationship must be a distant one. As the name implies, Adraneothrips is a genus of degenerate or ‘‘feeble’’ thrips. Unlike Haplothrips, the praepectal plates are lost, portions of the thoracic sternal sclerites are fractured into tiny platelets, and the wings are more fragile. Like a possibly closer ally, Cephalothrips, which also lacks praepectal plates, the eyes of species of Adraneothrips are frequently prolonged posterior- ly on the ventral surface of the head and the intermediate antennal segments are usually bicolored. Unlike Cephalothrips, species of Adraneothrips, with the exception of microsetis and bellus, have all of the major prothoracic setae well developed. Actually the genus Adraneothrips is difficult to characterize and its species are sometimes even difficult to recognize as members. Much taxonomic work still re- mains to be done on this group. There follow descriptions of four new species from an area, the Upper Sonoran Life Zone, where few Adraneothrips have been known. Three of these species are unusual in that they are either apterous or brachypterous. Except for stenocephalus Hood and microsetis Hood every other previously described species has been fully winged. Adraneothrips faustus new species Male (brachypterous).—Length, distended exclusive of the antennae and setae, about 1.5 mm. Color uniformly dark brown except apical half of each tibia and all of each tarsus and the extreme base of anten- 3—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VOL. 69, 1956 (21) Bakr, 22 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington nal segment III which are yellow. Base of antennal segment IV light brown. Head elongate, fig. 2; eyes ventrally prolonged slightly posteriorily beyond the posterior dorsal margins; antennal segment III seemingly with only one outer sense cone. Prothorax with all major setae well developed and dilated at tips. Both fore and hind wing pads present, reaching nearly to the posterior margin of the metathorax, beginning to approach the micropterous condition. Pelta, fig. 5, without pores, longer than wide; abdominal sternum VIII without glandular area. Holotype-——Male; Imperial Bay, California; February 1, 1949; (C. Tellez) ; presumably from ground litter and separated by means of a Berlese funnel. Explanation of Figures Dorsal aspect of head and prothorax: fig. 1. Adraneothrips vacuus ; fig. 2. Adraneothrips faustus; fig. 3. Haplothrips (Xylaplothrips) sonorensis. Pelta (differentiated shield on abdominal tergum I): fig. 4 Adraneo- thrips hoffi; fig. 5. Adraneothrips faustus; fig. 6. Adraneothrips ephippium, Stannard—Five New Thrips from the Southwest 23 The only other species belonging to Adraneothrips which is also brachypterous is stenocephalus. Since stenocephalus is known solely from the female sex and faustus is here described from a single male specimen, these two species cannot be compared fully. However, the color and certain features of each are so distinctive that there is no possibility of confusing them. In color faustus is nearly uniformly brown whereas stenocephalus has much yellow on the basal abdominal segments. Pelta pores are present in individuals of stenocephalus; by contrast faustus lacks such pores. Furthermore the head of stenocephalus is pro- portionately longer than in faustws (compare fig. 2 with Hood, 1950, fig. 91). Adraneothrips vacuus new species Female (apterous).—Length, distended, exclusive of the antennae and setae, slightly more than 1.2 mm. Bicolored brown and yellow. Brown: head; prothorax (light brown); mid-portion of abdominal ter- gum VII (light brown); sometimes lightly on sides of abdominal seg- ments III and IV; abdominal segments VIII, [X, X; antennal segments I and II, apex of segment III, apical half of IV, V, and VI, and all of VII and VIII. Rest of body yellow with much red subintegumental pigments around the margins. Head, fig. 1, moderately short; eyes considerably prolonged pos- teriorly on the ventral surface of the head; ocelli present but reduced in size; antennal segment III with one outer sense cone. Prothorax with all major setae present, subequal in length, and each one dilated at tip; wings seemingly entirely absent, not even pads present. Abdomen with pelta wider than long as in fig. 4, without pores; wing holding setae reduced, straight and spinelike, not sigmoidal. Male (apterous).—Length, distended, exclusive of the antennae and setae, about 1 mm. Color and structure generally similar to female; abdominal sternum VIII with a small, nearly circular to elongate oval, median glandular area; lateral pair of setae on posterior abdominal tergum VIII reduced and spinelike. Holotype—Female; Hollywood, California; January 16, 1949; (C. Tellez). Allotype——Male; same data as for holotype; 2 2, 2 6; Santa Cruz Island, California; January 27, 1949; (F. Taylor). All are pre- sumed to be from ground litter from which they were separated by means of a Berlese funnel. 'Apterism in the genus Adraneothrips is unusual. Besides this species and the closely related hoffi, the only other species that is also apterous is microsetis from Peru. The species microsetis is mostly dark brown and is in sharp contrast to the bicolored yellow and brown vacuus and hoffi and therefore can be easily distinguished on color as well as other differences. The species hoffi can be differentiated from vacuus by the features mentioned in the discussion following the description of hoffi. Actually, the color of abdominal tergum VIII is sufficient to distinguish vacuus from hoffi at a glance. In vacuwus this tergal plate is brown whereas in hoffi it is bright yellow. Adraneothrips hoffi new species Female (apterous).—Length, distended exclusive of the antennae and setae, about 1.4 mm. Bicolored brown and yellow. Brown: sides of and 24 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington apex of head, antennal segments I and II, apexes of III, IV, V, and VI, and all of segments VII and VIII; and abdominal segments IX and X. Rest of body yellow with much red subintegumental pigments around the margins. Head similar to fig. 1; eyes considerably prolonged posteriorly on the ventral surface of the head; ocelli absent; antennal segment III with two outer sense cones. Prothorax with all major setae present, subequal in length, and each one dilated at tip; wings seemingly entirely absent, not even pads present. Abdomen with pelta wider than long, fig. 4, without pores; wing holding setae reduced, straight and spinelike, not sigmoidal. Male (apterous).—Length, distended, exclusive of the antennae and setae, slightly more than 1 mm. Similar to the female in color and general structure; glandular area on abdominal sternite VIII slightly more oval (wider) than the area found in males of vacuus. Holotype——Female; Cole Springs, Sandia Mountains, Bernalillo Co., New Mexico; July 21, 1951: (C. C. Hoff); ex: Acorn hulls in squirrel’s cache. Allotype—Male; same data as for holotype. Paratype—11 9; same data as for holotype; 5 9, 7 ¢@; Chamisos Canyon in the Man- zano Mountains (10 miles east of Albuquerque), Bernalillo Co., New Mexico; April 2, 1950; (C. C. Hoff); ground litter from almost pure stand of scrub oak. The light color of hoffi is not due to possible teneral conditions but rather is the ultimate color. In the type series there are several females each bearing a fully developed egg within the abdomen and the afore- going color description was made from these mature individuals. The New Mexican hoffi is most closely related to its southern Cali- fornian neighbor vacuus. Besides being slightly longer in size, hoffi is lighter in color than vacuus, and, unlike vacuus, antennal segment IIT bears two outer sense cones. Because of the total lack of ocelli hoff is considered to be more specialized (by degeneracy) than vacuus. Lack of ocelli is unusual in this genus. The Peruvian microsetis is the only other species in Adraneothrips which is chacterized by the lack of ocelli. In addition to color characteristics, hoffi can be distinguished from microsetis by the form of the anterior prothoracic setae. In hoffi (as well as in the near related vacuus) these setae are well developed and dilated at the tips; in microsetis the anteromarginals are vestigial and the anterolaterals are pointed at the tips. Adraneothrips ephippium new species Female (macropterous).—Length, distended, exclusive of the anten- nae and setae, about 1.5 mm. Color predominantly brown, interrupted by yellow. Yellow: base of antennal segments III, IV, V, and VI; fore and hind tibiae, apex of mid tibiae; all tarsi; and abdominal segments II, VI, and VII. Rest of body brown; abdominal segments III, IV, and V lighter brown; much of body with red subintegumental pigments. Fore wings with a pale brown, subbasal band. Head similar in shape to vacuus, fig. 1; ocelli well developed; eyes ventrally prolonged more than the dorsal posterior margin; antennal segment III with but one outer sense cone. Stannard—Five New Thrips from the Southwest 25 Prothorax with all major setae present, subequal in length, and each one dilated at tip; fore wings, each with three accessory fringe cilia. Abdominal segment I with pelta as in fig. 6, longer than wide and with pores; tube much more than one half as long as head. Holotype—Female; La Jolla, California; December 15, 1948; (C. Tellez) ; presumably from ground litter and recovered by means of a Berlese funnel. This western species resembles the southeastern decorus Hood in many ways except in color and in the structure of the eyes. In color decorus is lighter with more yellow in the body than in ephippium. In decorus the eyes are hardly at all prolonged on the ventral surface whereas in ephippium the eyes are decidedly prolonged ventrally. Haplothrips subgenus Xylaplothrips Priesner The rank of Xylaplothrips, either as a subgenus or genus or merely a species complex, is a point of controversy among thysanopterists. At the moment, I shall consider it a subgenus of Haplothrips differing little from Haplothrips s. str. and differing little from Karnyothrips which is also more properly a subgenus of Haplothrips. As Priesner pointed out in 1939, the placement of the fore tarsal tooth is diagnostic. In individuals assignable to Xylaplothrips the fore tarsal tooth is located at the extreme apex of each segment, not sub- apically as in most species of Haplothrips s. str. Besides this character- istic, Xylaplothrips can be differentiated from most species of the typi- cal subgenus by the delicate, slender body form. Specimens of the typical subgenus are robust by comparison. From Karnyothrips, Xylaplothrips can be distinguished usually by the length of certain prothoracic setae. In Karnyothrips the anteromarginal setae are minute and never as well developed as the anterolateral setae. In Xylaplothrips the anteromarginals are well developed and subequal in length to the anterolaterals. Haplothrips (Xylaplothrips) sonorensis new species Female (brachypterous).—Length distended, exclusive of the anten- nae and setae, slightly more than 1.4 mm. Color various shades of yellow and brown. Brown: antennal segments IV to VIII; median anterior spot on abdominal segments III to VII and sometimes VIII; and all of tube except extreme base. Yellow brown to brown: head; antennal segment I and sometimes III lightly; thorax; and rest of abdomen. Yellow: antennal segments II and occasionally III and legs. Red: ocellar crescents, and some subintegumental pigments. Head, fig. 3; post ocular seta moderately long, dilated at tips; maxil- lary bridge slightly widened and conspicuous. Prothorax with all major setae well developed and dilated at tips; praepectus present; fore tarsi, each with a minute, apical tooth; fore wings reduced to a small pad; hind wings seemingly absent, not even represented by a pad. Adominal tergum II smooth, without sculpture; wing retaining setae reduced, spinelike, not sigmoidal; anal setae slightly less than twice as long as tube length. Male (brachypterous).—Length distended, exclusive of the antennae and setae, slightly more than 1.2 mm. General color and structure simi- 26 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington lar to female. Abdominal sternum VIII without glandular area; ab- dominal tergum IX with posterior, lateral setae shortened and spinelike. Holotype.—Female; Santa Cruz Island, California; January 27, 1949; (F. Taylor); presumably from ground litter from which it was recoy- ered by means of a Berlese funnel. Allotype-——Male; same data as for holotype. Paratypes—2 2,1 6; Hollywood, California; January 16, 1949; (C. Tellez); presumably from ground litter. Additional records—IDAHO: 1 @ ; Franklin; March 19, 1949; (G. F. Knowlton and Shih-Chun Ma) ; ex: leaves of poplar and grasses. UTAH: 1 $6; Garland; July 23, 1949; (G. F. K. and S. E. M.); ex: moldy poplar leaves: NEW MEXICO: 1 @; so. of Hatch; November 29, 1949; (C. C. Hoff); ex: rotten cottonwood stump along Rio Grande. 9 @; Bernalillo Co.; October 29, 1950; (C. C. Hoff); Juniper litter. 16 9, 1 6; Pumice Mine, no. of Grants, Valencia Co.; October 20, 1951; (C. C. Hoff); pinyon litter—Berlese sample. In 1952 Miss O’Neill showed me several more specimens of this species taken from a rat’s nest collected in Santa Fe, New Mexico by Dr. H. B. Morlan. These specimens are kept in the collections of the United States National Museum. This species is the western counterpart of the eastern americanus. The two may be easily distinguished from each other by color, espe- cially the color of antennal segments II and III. Individuals of sono- rensts have these segments yellowish, whereas individuals of americanus have the segments brown. Except for teneral specimens, americanus is a dark brown insect in contrast to sonorensis which is a yellowish brown insect. Vol. 69, pp. 29-36 May 21, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DISTINCTION OF MARITIME AND PRAIRIE POPULATIONS OF BLUE-WINGED TEAL By Rosert EK. STEWART AND JOHN W. ALDRICH Fish and Wildlife Service, Laurel, Maryland and Washington, D. C. In the course of waterfowl food habits investigations by the senior author, a number of breeding specimens of Blue- winged Teal, Anas discors, were collected in the Chesapeake Bay marshes. Routine comparison of these with breeding specimens from the West showed a marked difference in the color of the two series. The eastern birds stood out as being much darker. All breeding specimens in the National collec- tions were then assembled and additional material borrowed from other museums. For courteous cooperation in this con- nection we are indebted to officials of: Museum of Compara- tive Zoology, Cambridge; Royal Ontario Museum of Zoology, Toronto; Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan; Ameri- can Museum of Natural History, New York; Carnegie Mu- seum, Pittsburgh; and Chicago Natural History Museum. Only specimens collected between May 25 and July 31 were used in the comparisons in order to be reasonably sure that no migrants would be included. In sorting the breeding specimens it becomes apparent that the extremely dark birds are all from the Atlantic seaboard, but that some specimens from the far north approach them in color. In fact two examples from James Bay, Ontario, in the Carnegie Museum collection are almost as dark as the Maryland extremes. A male speci- men in the Fish and Wildlife Service collection from Egg Lake, Atha- baska Delta, Alberta, approaches the eastern type, but two females in the same collection from Main Branch of Athabaska Delta, Alberta, are typical western birds. A female specimen in the Chicago Natural History Museum collection, taken at Many Island Lake in southeastern Alberta, is darker than most prairie specimens of the western race but is not as dark as typical eastern birds. A female specimen in the University of Michigan collection from North Manitou, Leelanau County, Michigan, is darker than most western birds but not as dark as typical eastern examples from the Atlantic coast. Two male specimens in the Royal Ontario Museum of Zoology, taken at The Pas, Manitoba, are inter- mediate between eastern and western forms; the one taken at Root Lake is closer to the eastern form and the one from Brook, nearer the western. Although these few specimens from the vicinity of the north- ern Great Lakes in Michigan and portions of the Prairie Provinces of 4—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VoL. 69, 1956 (29) MAY 2 + 1956 30 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Canada show a tendency to darkness that might be considered as indi- cating intermediacy between dark and light populations, the large majority of specimens of both sexes from localities west and south of these points are light colored, and those from the natural grassland and desert areas of the Great Plains and Great Basin are almost without exception very much paler than the Atlantic seaboard series. ‘‘Migrant’’ specimens (those collected between August 1 and May 24) were grouped on the basis of whether they were more closely identi- fiable with the Atlantic coast or the prairie breeding series. The great majority of these from all parts of the range are of the pale, prairie coloration. However, dark birds referable to the Maritime populations can be found scattered among migrant specimens from a wide range, extending from Montana and Texas to the Atlantic coast and south to South America. It is concluded on the basis of marked color differences and apparent geographical segregation during the breeding season that two recogniz- able races of blue-winged teal exist which are sufficiently distinct to warrant application of different subspecific names. Two questions imme- diately present themselves: What names have already been proposed for this species; and to which of the two races do they apply? The name Anas discors Linnaeus has been restricted by the Committee on Classification and Nomenclature of the American Ornithologist’s Union (1931:48) as referring to the blue-winged teal found in South Carolina. This is based on the conclusion that Linnaeus (1766:205) was influenced in his description of this species primarily by Catesby’s (1731:100) description of the ‘‘white-faced teal,’’ and that Catesby’s experience with this species was most likely in South Carolina. As far as we know this species does not breed in South Carolina so Catesby’s experience must have been with migrant birds. Review of all migrant specimens at our disposal disclosed two from South Carolina, both of which are of the pale, prairie type. In fact most of the migrant speci- mens seen from the Atlantic seaboard are of this form. It is well known that the prairie populations are very much higher than those of the Atlantic seaboard and the northern fringe of the range; also that these prairie birds migrate largely in a southeasterly direction through the southern Atlantic states (Stoudt, 1949:91). Furthermore, field observations and collecting indicate that at least part of the dark, coastal breeding population (that of Dorchester County, Maryland) is largely permanently resident. Thus it seems far more likely that Catesby had a migrant example of the interior breeding population in hand when he described and figured his ‘‘ white faced teal.’’? If any weight can be attached to the plate itself it may be stated that it does suggest the light-colored western birds. For these reasons the name Anas discors is still further restricted to the pale-colored population which breeds in the western prairie, plains and basin country of western North America, and migrates through South Carolina and other southern Atlantic states on its way to and from the West Indies and South America. The next problem to be disposed of is the application of the name Querquedula discors albinucha Kennard (1919:459) which was origi- nally applied to birds with excessive amounts of white on the head, collected in southern Louisiana marshes. In the first place it was veri- fied from evidence presented by numerous specimens, representing all Stewart and Aldrich—Blue-Winged Teal 31 parts of the range of the species, that the extension of white on the head above the eye and to the nape of the neck has no geographic significance. This has been pointed out by Arthur (1920:127) and subsequent writers. The specimens, including the type, on which the description of albinucha is based, are al! from Cameron Parish, Louisi- ana. The species is said to breed in Cameron Parish as well as else- where in Louisiana (Oberholser, 1938:117). Whether or not any of the type series were actually breeding birds cannot be determined from the dates or other information given by Kennard (1919) in the original description. The type specimen itself, collected as early as April 2, is certainly doubtful in this respect. Of the type series borrowed from the Museum of Comparative Zoology, May 18 was the latest date of collection and this is outside of safe limits for considering birds as definitely breeding. Of the type series of 10 specimens, only one, a male taken May 6, 1919, in Cameron Parish, Louisiana, seems to fall within the range of coloration of the dark eastern form. The remainder (including the type, kindly made available to us by Mr. James Green- way of the Museum of Comparative Zoology) were of the pale western coloration. Thus, Querquedula discors albinucha Kennard is a synonym of Anas discors Linnaeus. A search of the literature fails to reveal any other name which has been used for this species. Thus the dark eastern and northern popula- tion seems to be without a name, and we therefore name and charac- terize it as follows: Anas discors orphna, subsp. nov. Atlantic Blue-winged Teal Subspecific characters.—Similar to Anas discors discors of the interior grassland and desert regions of North America but (in male) upper parts darker, black areas of feathers of back, rump, upper tail coverts, and upper surfaces of rectrices and primaries more intensely black; head and neck darker gray; crown, chin and border of white crescent more intensely black (less brownish); under parts darker, black spots and barring deeper black (less brownish); reddish brown markings deeper in tone; under tail coverts more intensely black; under surface of rectrices and primaries darker (less silvery) gray. In females: Upper parts darker, especially crown on which light edgings tend to be absent; dark areas of crown, back of neck, back, upper tail coverts, rectrices and primaries more intensely black (less brownish); under parts somewhat darker with dark areas of plumage more intensely black. Measurements.—Adult male (8 breeding specimens); Wing (chord of unstraightened wing), 180-193 (Average, 186.06 mm.); tail 61-69.5 (66.44); exposed culmen, 35-43.5 (41.06); tarsus, 30.5-34.5 (32.12); middle toe without claw, 34.5-39 (37.00). Adult female (3 breeding specimens): Wing, 168.5-180 (173.16); tail, 59.5-65.5 (63.33); exposed eulmen, 39-41.5 (40.00); tarsus, 30.5-33 (31.5); middle toe without claw, 33-36.5 (34.5). There appears to be no consistent size difference in these two races since average measurements of the male of orphna are larger and the ‘female smaller in most characters than discors. Measurements of discors are given here for comparison. Adult male (25 breeding specimens) : Wing, 173-193 (181.88 mm.); tail 59.5-71.5 (64.56); exposed culmen 32 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 32.5-42 (39.86); tarsus, 30-35 (32.22); middle toe without claw, 31-38 (35.22). Adult female (15 breeding specimens) : Wing, 167-183 (174.53) ; tail, 59.5-70 (64.03); exposed culmen, 37-40 (38.87); tarsus 30-33 (31.43) ; middle toe without claw, 30.5-36 (34.13). Type specimen.—No. 458061 U. S. National Museum (Fish and Wild- life Service Collection); adult ¢; collected at Elliott, Dorchester County, Maryland, June 9, 1954, by R. HE. Stewart and W. R. Nicholson. Geographic distribution.—Breeds in salt or brackish tidal marshes along Atlantic seaboard from northeastern North Carolina (Pea Island, fide R. EH. Griffith), north to northeastern Massachusetts (Newbury- port); also breeds in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island (fide C. H. Addy); and occurs during the breeding season at Nattabisha Point and Moose Factory, Ontario (specimens in Carnegie Museum). Integrades with discors in the Great Lakes region and in central Canada. At least as far west as western Manitoba and northeastern Alberta some influence is noted. Apparently the center of abundance of the breeding population is in the brackish tidal marshes of New Jersey, Delaware and Maryland, particularly in the Chesapeake Bay marshes of Dorchester County, Maryland and in the Delaware Bay marshes of Delaware and New Jersey. Migrates southward to the West Indies and South America. At least part of the middle Atlantic coastal population seems to be permanently resident. Habitat—During the breeding season in Maryland, Delaware and New Jersey, this form is largely restricted to brackish tidal marshes in which salt-meadow grass (Spartina patens) is prevalent. In life form this type is similar to the fresh marsh-meadows in which breeding birds of the interior race are found. Specimens identified—Anas discors orphna. CANADA: Ontario- Moose Factory, May 19, 1930; Nattabisha Point, James Bay, June 26, 1912 (2). COLOMBIA: Cali, March 25, 1949. CUBA: as Villes, La- guna Guanaroca, March 10, 1948. UNITED STATES: Florida—Immo- kalee, April 12, 1919; Lake Harney, March 21, 1896. Louisiana— Cameron, May 6, 1919. Maryland—Blackwater Refuge, May 22, 1931; Elliott, June 8, (4) and June 9, 1954 (4), January 4, 1955; Oxen Hill, April 16, 1934. Massachusetts—Cambridge, June 8, 1868. Michigan— Beaver Island, May 23, 1932; Grand Rapids, September 1, 1891. Mis- sissippi—Bay St. Louis, April 14, 1902 (2). Montana—Jordan, May 8, 1916. New Jersey—Prineceton ___. Texas—Henrietta, April 19, 1894. Virginia—Nelson County, April 11, 1902 (2). Anas discors discors. CANADA: Alberta—Driedmeat Lake, June 6, 1945; Egg Lake, Athabaska Delta, July 3, 1920; Hay Lakes, June 8, 1945; Main Branch, Athabaska Delta, June 14, 1920, June 20, 1920; Many Island Lake, June 9, 1906; Tofield, Beaverhill Lake, May 20, 1922 (3), May 22, 1923. Manitoba—Brook near The Pas, June 9, 1945; Deer Lodge, May 10, 1930; Gypsumville, May 30, 1931; Lake St. Mar- tin, May 21, 1934 (2); Lake Winnipegosis, June 5, 1913; Root Lake near The Pas, June 9, 1945; Sandy Bay, Lake Manitoba, June 19, 1895. Northwest Territories—Fort Resolution, Great Slave Lake, June 8, 1873, June 8, __... Ontario—Ashbridges Bay, Toronto, May 15, 1894; Hallo- well, Prince Edward County, June 14, 1930; Keewatin, June 3, 1949; Stewart and Aldrich—Blue-Winged Teal 33 Lake Ira, Bruce County, June 11, 1934; Syne Cartier, Wallaceburg, May 17, 1881; Turkey Point, Norfolk County, May 23, 1933 (2). Sas- katchewan—Bigstick Lake, June 26, 1907; Davidson, May 18, 1932; Maple Creek, July 3, 1906; Last Mountain Lake, June 13, 1932; Stal- wart, June 16, 1932 (2); Whitemud—East End, May 21, 1939. CO- LOMBIA: Navarro, Feb. 24, 1949. MEXICO: Coahuila, Sept. 10, 1936. Michoacan—Huingo, July 17, 1904. Baja California—Gardiner’s La- guna, Salton River, Apr. 21, 1894; San Jose, Feb., 1860 (2); Santo Lazaro Mts., Jan., 1860. Neuvo Leon, May 1853. Veracruz—Rivera, Apr. 12, 1904, Apr. 27, 1904. Tamaulipas—San Jose, Feb. 19, 1939; Sacutula Run, May 1863. GUATEMALA: Buenas, November 1861. UNITED STATES: Arizona—Big Lake, Apache Co., Aug. 4, 1914; Marsh Lake, June 14, 1915; Tucson, May 5, 1881. California—Domin- quez Rancho, Sept. 14, 1915. Colorado—Clear Creek, May 23, 1873; Mill City, May 10, 1877. Delaware—Fowler’s Beach, Apr. 29, 1932. District of Columbia—Potomac River, Apr. 1, 1899. Florida—Indian River, May 13, 1886; Lake Harney, Mar. 21, 1896; Lake Kissimmee, Mar. 22, 1901; St. Marks Light Station, Apr. 3, 1924; Wilson, Apr. 11, 1923. Illinois—Mt. Carmel, Apr. 16, 1874, May 10, 1878. Indiana— Wheatland, May 14, 1885. Iowa—New Sharon, Mar. 20, 1892; Chariton, May 12, 1872. Kansas—Lawrence, Oct. 14, 1905, Oct. 14, 1906. Louisi- ana—Belle Isle, Mar. 2, 1910; Cameron, April 2, May 6, 7 (2), May 8, May 9 (2), May 10 (2), May 11 and May 18, 1917; Morgan City, May 22, 1925. Maryland—Patuxent River (Marlboro), Sept. 10, 1937; Sus- quehanna Flats, Sept. 13, 1894. Massachusetts—Orleans, Apr. 5, 1894. Michigan—Beaver Island, May 23, 1932; Fish Point, Tuscola Co., June 15, 1926; North Manitou, Leelanau Co., June 19, 1940; Saginaw Co., May 16, 1934 (2). Minnesota—Fort Snelling, May 10, 1890, May 21, 1890, June 15, 1890. Mississippi—Bay St. Louis, Sept. 7, 1896, Oct. 12, 1901; Biloxi, Apr. 10, 1937 (2), Sept. 27, 1939. Missouri— _, May 1856; Charleston, May 4, 1879 (2). Montana—Baker, May 24, 1916; Custer Co., May 25, 1886; Jordan, May 8, 1916; Lake Bowdoin, Oct. 7, 1915 (2); Lismas, Jume 24, 1919. Nebraska—Hackberry Lake, Cherry Co., July 10, 1933. Nevada—Blair, Sept. 23, 1915, Sept. 27, 1915 (2). New Mexico—Carrizozo, June 3, 1938; Las Cruces, May 20, 1920 (2); Riley, Sept. 25, 1905; Rio Arriba Co., July 30, 1913; Santa Rosa, Oct. 1, 1902. New York—Good Grounds, Long Island, May 5, 1882 (2). North Carolina—Asheville, Apr. 21, 1934; Bodie Island, May 1, 1905; Pisgah National Forest, Apr. 10, 1930; Portsmouth, Dec. 24, 1917. North Dakota—Blackmer, June 2, 1915; Grafton, May 16, 1930 (2); Lac aux Morts, Apr. 30, 1901, May 24, 1901, June 13, 1901, July 12, 1901; Lostwood, Aug. 17, 1915; Rocklake, May 6, 1895, May 7, 1895, May 27, 1895; Sweetwater Lake, May 19, 1902; Towner Co., May 16, 1890, May 12, 1895, May 25, 1895 (2); Upham, McHenry Co., Nov. 20, 1937. Oklahoma—Mt. Scott Post Office, Apr. 14, 1904. Oregon— Klamath Falls, Apr. 19, 1924. South Carolina—Santee Club, Dee. 20, 1909 (2), Dec. 22, 1909. South Dakota—Custer Co., May 2, 1922; Harrison, May 13, 1888, May 28, 1888, May 4, 1891. Tennessee—Reel- foot Lake, Sept. 6, 1937. Texas—Fort Stockton, Apr. 18, 1860; Ingram, June 5, 1915. Utah—Bear River, Aug. 28, 1914, Sept. 12, 1914, June 21, 1915, Oct. 16, 1916; Jensen, May 1, 1935. Virginia—Four Mile Run, Sept. 18, 1893 (2); Gainesville, Mar. 31, 1904; New River, Sept. 34 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 23, 1939; Shenandoah National Park, Oct. 12, 1949. Wisconsin—Dela- van, Oct. 6, 1908, Oct. 11, 1908, Nov. 7, 1908, Sept. 24, 1913; Viroqua, Vernon Co., Sept. 8, 1913. Wyoming—Douglas, May 2, 1891, May 2, 1894; Laramie, _.... VENEZUELA: Cantaura, Oct. 5, 1947. CUBA: Guantanamo, Dec. 1910 (2); Pinar del Rio, Feb. 23, 1900 (2); HAITI: Etang Sumatre, Apr. 10, 1920 (2); Apr. 13, 1920; Las Basses, Jan. 9, 1918. JAMAICA: Great Salt Pond, Oct. 13, 1863; Spanishtown, Mar. 1863, Oct. 10, 1863 (2), and one with date unknown. LEEWARD ISLANDS: Montserrat, Foxes Bay, Sept. 18, 19837. VIRGIN ISLANDS: ‘St. Croix, South Gate Pond, Nov. 10, 1934. REFERENCES American Ornithologist’s Union, Committee on Classification and Nomen- clature, 1931—Check-List of North American Birds (4th ed.), Laneaster, Pa. xix, 526 pp. Arthur, 8. C., 1920—A note on the southern teal. Auk 37:126-127. 1920 Catesby, M., 1731—Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands. Lendon 1: i-x1i, 100 pp. Kennard, F. H., 1919—Notes on a new subspecies of Blue-winged Teal. Auk 36:455-460, Linnaeus, C., 1766—Systema Naturae (12th ed.), 1:532 pp. 1766 Oberholser, H. C., 1938—The Bird Life of Louisiana. Louisiana De- partment of Conservation Bull. 28: xii, 834 pp. 1938 of Conservation Bull. 28: xii, 834 pp. Stoudt, J. H., 1949—Migration of the Blue-winged Teal. Fish and Wildlife Service. Spee. Sci. Report, (Wildlife), 1:19-20. Vol. 69, pp. 37-40 May 21, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW WESTERN OXYBELUS (HYMENOPTERA: SPHECIDAE) By RicuHarp M. BoHArT AND Evert I. SCHLINGER Unwersity of California, Davis These species are described in order to validate their names for use in a comprehensive report on the Oxybelus of Cali- fornia. A key and figures will be given in the aforemen- tioned report. Holotypes will be deposited in the California Academy of Sciences, paratypes in the University of Cali- fornia collections at Berkeley, Riverside, and Davis. Oxybelus paracochise Bohart and Schlinger, new species Diagnostic characters: Vertex with a shiny median tubercle, median cell of forewing extensively setose, mucro narrow and pointed, male penult tergite red and carinate sublaterally, fore tibia and femur red. Male.—Length of body 8 mm., length of forewing 5 mm. Color, black with ivory and brownish-red markings. Pronotal lobe and lateral spot on pronotal margin, squamal membrane, lateral posterior spots on ter- gites I-IV, ivory. Mandible basally, tegula, fore femur mostly, fore tibia, apex of penult tergite and all of last abdominal segment, bright brownish-red. Eyes brown. Wing membrane transparent, veins dark brown. Pubescence moderate, silvery, fairly thick and yellowish-tinged on face, slight on mesopleuron. Puncturation moderate, close, rather fine on head and mesonotum, coarse on mesopleuron, postscutellum, and tergites I, VI, VII, fine and moderately close on other abdominal tergites. Head with clypeal apex tridentate, middle tooth longitudinally eari- nate, not beak-like, frons at its narrowest point slightly wider than compound eye, ocellar tubercles moderately developed and punctate, temporal carina undeveloped. Thorax with pronotal carina slightly broken at pronotal angle, other- wise strong; mesonotal groove absent; squamal point strong, slightly depressed, squamal margin nearly evenly incurved, the point somewhat more angled in; mucro tapering toward narrowly rounded apex, not emarginate, grooved throughout, slightly depressed on distal one-half, its median breadth about equal to diameter of mid ocellus, a little longer than squama; median carina low on scutellum, moderate on post- scutellum; posterior area of propodeum faintly striate, finely punctate, areolate slightly above, enclosure nearly triangular, shiny, lateral area of propodeum mostly shiny, carimulate above, lateral carina strong throughout; forewing median cell with dense short setae on anterior one- third, remainder with fewer and longer setae; hind femur with strongly projecting, distal, lamellate keel. 5—Proc. Biot. Soc. WasH., Vou. 69, 1956 (37) BBAV o - fs. 38 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Abdomen rather constricted between segments, lateral tooth short and weak on tergite III, strong on IV-VI; penult tergite carinate on pos- terior one-half dorsolaterally, pygidium wedge-shaped, narrow, bounded laterally by a carina. Female.—Length of body 8 to 9 mm., length of forewing 6 to 7 mm. As described for male except as follows: Clypeal apex quinquedentate with median tooth smallest and surrounded by a shiny, bristled, longi- tudinal tubercle which is most pronounced opposite bases of antennal insertions. Pubescence of head relatively short and sparse. Mucro nar- row, tapering to a point, not depressed distally, a little shorter than squama. No lateral tergal teeth or carina on penult tergite. Setae of pygidium, golden. Holytype male: Sonoita, Arizona, August 9, 1940, on Hriogonwm (P. H. Timberlake). Paratypes: 1 male, Santa Elena Canyon, Big Bend National Park, Texas, 2145 feet, August 25, 1954 (R. M. Bohart); 1 female, Tucson, Arizona, 2400 feet, August 17, 1946 (H. A. Seullen) ; 1 female, Douglas, Arizona, August 22, 1935 (W. W. Jones); 4 males, Douglas, Arizona, August 8, 1955 (R. R. Dreisbach); 1 female, Apache, Arizona, 5000 ft., August 4, 1955 (R. R. Dreisbach). The most closely related species appears to be cochise Pate from which it differs in its larger size, absence of yellow on the legs, reddish in- stead of dark penult tergite in the male, evenly colored antenna, and denser setation of the median cell on the posterior one-half. Another species of this group, pwnctatum Baker, has the radial cell nearly asetose as in subcornutum Cockerell, according to K. V. Krombein (in a letter, 1955), who compared the types. Superficially, paracochise resembles cornutum Robertson which, however, has shiny interocellar swellings and the distal keel of the hind femur weakly developed, among other eharacters. Oxybelus argypheum Bohart and Schlinger, new species Diagnostic characters: Vertex without median tubercle, mucro nearly parallelsided, head, thorax and propodeum above with dense silvery pubescence; setae of median cell minute, squama with a well developed submedian lobe, fifth tergite of female with a distinct, apical silvery band of pubescence. Female.—Length of body 7 mm., length of forewing 5 mm. Color, black with ivory and reddish markings. Spot on pedicel, pronotal collar and lobe, tegula, lateral scutellar spot, squama except outer margin, spots on mid and hind coxae, spots on all femora and tibiae, hind tibia externally, front tarsus, lateral spots on tergites I-III and thin sternal bands on I-IV, ivory. Antennal flagellum, mandible medially, compound eye, fore tibia mostly, mid and hind tibiae and tarsi partly, wing veins, light brown. Abdominal segments III-VI with rusty ground color. Man- dible on basal and distal one-third, scape and pedicel mostly, mid and hind tibiae partly, sternites I and II, tergite I medially, dark brown. Wing membrane transparent, somewhat milky, brown-stained only along distal costal margin of forewing. Pubescence rather coarse, silvery and dense on body including legs except vertical plane of pronotum, inner leg surface, propodeum laterally, sternites III-IV. Pubescence forming Bohart and Schlinger—Two New Western Oxybelus 39 prominent silvery apical bands on tergites I-V. Puncturation moderate on head and thorax, fine on abdominal tergites, sternites mostly smooth. Head with clypeal apex quinquedentate, only most lateral tooth prominent; a weak longitudinal clypeal carina obscured by pubescence; frons at its narrowest point about 1.5 times wider than compound eye, no temporal carina. Thorax with pronotal carina broken at pronotal angle, weak beyond; no mesonotal groove; squamal point depressed, incurved, extending about as far as well-developed submedian lobe, postscutellum nearly 3 times as wide as long; mucro deeply grooved, sides nearly parallel, apex slightly emarginate, median breadth a little less than diameter of mid ocellus (somewhat broader in paratypes), about 1.3 times longer than squama; scutellum with a faint median carina, postscutellum de- pressed medially, not carinate; posterior area of propodeum faintly striate, enclosure smooth below, poorly defined, lateral area of propo- deum mostly smooth and shiny, lateral carina weak, traversed by several oblique carinulae; median cell of forewing with pale setae evenly dispersed along anterior one-third, inconspicuous elsewhere; hind femur with minute distal carina. Abdomen not obviously constricted between segments. Holotype female: Borego, San Diego County, California, April 27, 1954, on Croton californicus (M. Wasbauer). Paratypes: 1 female, same data as holotype but collected April 30, 1954; 1 female, 6 miles west of Indio, Riverside County, April 30, 1949, on Melilotus (EB. G. Linsley, J. W. MacSwain, R. F. Smith); 1 female, Twenty-nine Palms, San Bernardino County, California, April 13, 1935, on Sali« nigra (P. H. Timberlake). This species is closely related to robertsoni Baker but differs markedly in the coarser and much denser silvery pubescence. The silvery band on tergite V is not present on robertsoni. We have seen a male from Lone Pine, Inyo County, California, May 2, 1937 (E. C. Van Dyke) which may be this species. However, it is not quite so silvery and lacks a definite band on tergite V. Therefore, it may be robertsoni. Superficially, argypheum resembles townsendi Cockerell and Baker be- eause of the pubescence. It is easily distinguished by the well-developed submedian squamal lobe. 40 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Vol. 69, pp. 41-52 May 21, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON GENERIC NAMES IN THE FAMILY PLATYRHACIDAE AND THEIR TYPE SPECIES, WITH A CONSIDERA- TION OF THE STATUS OF STENONIA GRAY, 1842 By Ricuarp L. Horrman Although the number of students of the Diplopoda has been small, and these investigators generally competent zoolo- gists, the nomenclature in the group has been badly confused. This has been due chiefly to two factors, the more important being a remarkable tendency on the part of the German workers to ignore the most basic ideas of type designation and to operate upon a principle of personal convenience rather than abide by the concept of priority. To a lesser extent, confusion has resulted from an inclination to disre- gard the works of earlier writers (a fault which, however, has by no means been exclusively European), and a great number of synonymic names has been established. That the systematic study of the Diplopoda is still in its infancy need hardly be emphasized. A legion of genera and even families re- main to be set up and integrated, during which process all of the names thus far proposed will, of course, have to be dealt with. Since determination of the type species of all genera is a primary considera- tion in such work, the following list has been prepared as the first step in the right direction. To the best of my knowledge, it is the only such compilation made for any group since Silvestri’s 1896 list of the known genera of the class. It may be explained by way of introduction that the family Platyrhacidae is here understood to include only the species in which the edge of the paranota is not thickened or provided with a distinct marginal swelling, and in which the repugnatorial pore is usually re- moved some distance from the margin of the paranotum and set on its upper surface, usually in a flat, polished peritreme. In occasional species the pore may be set close to the edge, but in such cases the habitus of the animal is such to render it unmistakeably related to typical members of the family. The preanal scale is subtrapezoidal in shape (distally truncate or concave), a feature which occurs in but one genus of the closely related family Euryuridae. The only workers who have dealt extensively with the family are Cook (1896a, 1896b) and Attems (1914, 1938). Cook recognized a great number of genera on the basis of body form; Attems but a few, founded upon the male genitalia. However, Attems’ treatment is over conservative and his artificial grouping of great numbers of 6—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., VoL. 69, 1956 (41) BS aus mm ~~ fea? 42 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington species is more unsatisfactory than Cook’s equally overzealous analysis. I believe that the male genitalia do afford the only workable basis for generic divisions, but the limits of such genera will have to be drawn with more care and inclusive discrimination than Atems practiced. I have previously remarked the artificiality of his arrangement (1953, Jour., Wash. Acad. Sci., 43: 301, footnote 2). Perhaps the most misused generic names in this group are Stenonia Gray, Acanthodesmus Peters, Platyrhacus Koch, and Odontodesmus Saussure. I have devoted particular attention to resolving the status of each, and believe that the results will be satisfactory to most of my co-workers. A word of caution is addressed to those who, like myself in the recent past, rely upon the authority of Carl Attems’ encyclopaedic volumes on various milliped groups. Although Attems’ work is un- excelled in its general usefulness, it is infested with minor inaccuracies, particularly of a bibliographic and nomenclatorial nature. It may be stated that all of his type designations in the three volume ‘‘ Poly- desmoidea’’ are subject to suspicion and none should be accepted without the verification of an examination of the literature involved. Attems’ tendency to designate a species not originally included in a genus as its type was noteworthy. His concept of anomen nudum was also faulty, and he thus proposed many redundant new names to replace older ones which were, under the provisions of the International Rules of Zoological Nomenclature, validly proposed and occupied. It is hoped that this account will prove to be of value and that it may serve to impress upon others the immediate necessity for meticulous bibliographic work before additional taxonomic studies are made. Be- cause of its specific purpose, this paper does not endeavor to indicate generic synonymy, nor to set up new names. Such activity should properly be reserved for a general zoological treatment of the entire family. I would particularly like to express my appreciation to Dr. J. G. Franeclemont, whose knowledge of the principles of nomenclature and willingness to assist in their application to the present instances has greatly facilitated completion of the following account. Family PLATYRHACIDAE Pocock The spelling of both the family and its typical genus has been sub- ject to considerable variation. Aside from obvious errors and mis- prints, the following four renditions have been observed: Platyrrhachidae Pocock, 1895, Ann. Mus. Genova, 34: 788. Platyrrhacidae Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 1. Platyrachidae Pocock, 1909, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Diplop., p. 137. Platyrhachidae Attems, 1938, Das Tierreich, 69: 202. It is interesting to note that in 1938 Attems used the correct form Platyrhacus but continued to spell the family name with an extra ‘‘h’’, Platyrhachidae. The generic name has been observed to vary as follows: Platyrhaecus Koch, 1847, Syst. Myriap., p. 58. Platyrhachus Pocock, 1894, Weber’s Reise Niederl.-Ost. Ind., 3: 343. Platyrrhachus Pocock, 1895, Ann. Mus. Genova, 34: 788. Platyrhachis Silvestri, 1897, Abh. Mus. Dresden, 6 (9): 19. Platyrrhacus Attems, 1897, Abh. Senckenb. Ges., 23: 490. Hoffman—Generic Names in Family Platyrhacidae 43 Platyrachus Pocock, 1909, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Diplop., p. 137. ACANTHODESMUS Peters, 1864, Monats. Preuss. Akad. Berlin, p. 547. Proposed with five species. Type: Polydesmus (Acanthodesmus) pilipes Peters, 1864, by sub- sequent designation of Silvestri, 1896. Peters treated 79 species in his paper under the name Polydesmus Latreille, disposing them among 12 subgenera. The platyrhacid forms were grouped under Odontodesmus Saussure and Stenonia Gray (of which Platyrhacus Koch was given as a synonym). Fourteen species were thus listed in the subgenus Stenonia until, after the description of P. scutatus Peters, the following paragraph was inserted: “‘Wenn man die Polydesmi, die bisher sehr vernachlassigt sind, erst genauer kennen wird, mussen diese durch die Dornen der Basal- gleider der Beine ausgezeichneten Arten generisch von den anderen Stenonia geschieden werden und schlage ich fur dieselben den Namen Acanthodesmus vor.’’ ; Peters obviously mistook the sterna spines to be projections of the coxae. The name Acanthodesmus thus originally included all of the species of the subgenus Stenonia in Peter’s list which have sternal spines, and not just P. pictus, which was the species immediately fol- lowing the diagnosis. ACISTERNUM Silvestri, 1896, Ann. Mus. Genova, 36: 190. Monobasice. Type: Platyrrhacus monticola Pocock, 1894, by original designation. ARCYDESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 12, p. 54. Monobasic with a new species. Type: Arcydesmus comptus Cook, 1896, by original designation. AYMARESMUS Chamberlin, 1941, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 78: Proposed with seven new species. Type: Aymaresmus tapichus Chamberlin, 1941, by original designa- tion. BARYDESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 12, p. 53. Monobasic with a new species. Type: Barydesmus kerri Cook, 1896, by original designation. CRADODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 3. Monobasie. Type: Platyrrhacus subspinosus Pocock, 1894, by original designation. CYRTORHACHIS Silvestri, 1896, Ann. Mus. Genova, 36: 190. Monobasie. Type: Platyrrhacus subalbus Pocock, 1894, by original designation. CYPHORRHACUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 12, p. 52. Monobasic with a new species. Type: Cyphorrhacus andinus Cook, 1896, by original designation. DERODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 1. Monobasic with a new species. Type: Derodesmus flagellifer Cook, 1896, by original designation. DICRODESMUS Silvestri, 1896, Ann. Mus. Genova, 36: 190. Monobasie. Type: Platyrrhacus bidens Pocock, 1894, by original designation. DIONTODESMUS Pocock, 1897, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) 20: 443. Proposed with two new species. Type: Diontodesmus woodfordi Pocock, 1897, by original designation. 44 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington DYNESMUS Chamberlin, 1941, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 78: Monobasie with a new species. Type: Dynesmus iquitus Chamberlin, 1941, by original designation. ERNOSTYX Chamberlin, 1941, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 78: 497. Proposed with three new species. Type: Ernostyx moyobombus Chamberlin, 1941, by original designa- tion. EURYDIRORHACHIS Pocock, 1897, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 20: 435. Proposed with two new species. Type: Hurydirorhachis dulitensis Pocock, 1897, by present designation. EUTRACHYRHACHIS Pocock, 1897, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 20: 441. Proposed with two species. Type: Hutrachyrhachis victoriae Pocock, 1897, by original designation. HAPLORHACUS Attems, 1914, Arch. Naturg., 80 A (4): 273. Proposed with seven species. Type: Platyrrhacus doryphorus Attems, 1899, by subsequent designa- tion of Attems, 1932. In 1938 (Das Tierreich 69: 281) Attems overlooked his own earlier selection and stated that Platyrrhacus haplopus Attems, 1897, is the type species of this genus. HARPODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 3. Monobasie. Type: Platyrrhacus laticollis Pocock, 1894, by original designation. HOPLURORHACHIS Pocock, 1897, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 20: 437. Proposed with two new species. Type: Hoplurorhachis Everettii Pocock, 1897, by original designation. ILODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 1. Monobasie. Type: Polydesmus Meyenii Brandt, 1841, by original designation. LEUCODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 3. Monobasie. Type: Platyrrhacus Weberi Pocock, 1894, by original designation. LEURODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 2. Monobasie. Type: Polydesmus sumatranus Peters, 1864, by original designation. MNIODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 2. Monobasie with a new species. Type: Mniodesmus crossotus Cook, 1896, by original designation. NANORHACUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 12, p. 54. Monobasie. Type: Platyrhacus luciae Pocock, 1854, by original designation. NYSSODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 12, p. 53. Monobasie with a new species. Type: Nyssodesmus alboalatus Cook, 1896, by original designation. ODONTODESMUS Saussure, 1860, Mem. Soe. Geneve, 15 (2): 328. Proposed with two species. Type: Polydesmus javanus Saussure 1859, by subsequent designation of Silvestri, 1896. Hoffman—Generic Names in Family Platyrhacidae 45 OZORHACUS Attems, 1932, Res. Sci. Voy. Ind. Or. Neerl., 3 (12) :14. Proposed with eight species. Type: Platyrrhacus katantes Attems, 1899, by original designation. Overlooking his original proposal of this name in 1932, Attems later (1988, Das Tierreich, 69: 253) proposed it again as a new subgenus, citing the same type and including the same species. PARAZODESMUS Pocock, 1898, in: Willey, Zool. Results, 1: 68. Monobasie with a new species. Type: Parazodesmus verrucosus Pocock, 1898, by original designation. PHRACTODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 1. Monobasie. Type: Polydesmus subvittatus Peters, 1864, by original designation. PHYODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 1. Proposed with seven species. Type: Polydesmus pictus Peters, 1864, by original designation. PLATYRHACUS Koch, 1847, Syst. der Myriap., p. 131. Proposed with three species. Type: Platyrhacus scaber Koch, 1847, by subsequent designation of Silvestri, 1896 (See below.) PLEORHACUS Attems, 1914, Arch. Naturg., 80 A (4): 263. Proposed with 32 species. Type: Platyrhacus mediotaeniatus Attems, 1914, by subsequent desig- nation of Attems, 1932. Although mediotaeniatus was not formally published as a new species until 1915, the name first appeared in a key to the forms of Pleorhacus in Attems’ 1914 paper on Indo-australian myriapods. It was there well differentiated from its congeners and a type locality was cited, so that the species can be considered as dating from 1914. PLUSIOPORODESMUS Silvestri, 1898, An. Mus. Buenos Aires, 6: 64. Monobasie with a new species. Type: Plusioporodesmus bellicosus Silvestri, 1898, by original desig- nation. POLYDESMORHACHIS Pocock, 1897, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 20: 446. Monobasic with a new species. Type: Polydesmorhachis atratus Pocock, 1897, by monotypy. PROASPIS Loomis, 1941, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., 31: 193. Monobasie with a new species. Type: Proaspis aita Loomis, 1941, by original designation. PRODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 3. Monobasie. Type: Platyrrhacus submissus Pocock, 1894, by original designation. PSAMMODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 12, p. 52. Monobasie with a new species. Type: Psammodesmus cos Cook, 1896, by original designation. PSAPHODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 2. Proposed with two species. Type: Polydesmus concolor Peters, 1864, by original designation. RHYPHODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 12, p. 54. Monobasic with a new species. Type: Rhyphodesmus terminalis Cook, 1896, by original designation. 46 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington SPILODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 12, p. 54. Monobasie with a new species. Type: Spilodesmus exsul Cook, by original designation. STENONOIDES Pocock, 1897, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 20: 430. Proposed with four new species. Type: Stenonoides Catorii Pocock, 1897, by original designation. TIRODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 12, p. 53. Monobasie. Type: Polydesmus fimbriatus Peters, 1864, by original designation. XERODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 2. Monobasie with a new species. Type: Xerodesmus dratus Cook, 1896, by original designation. ZODESMUS Cook, 1896, Brandtia, no. 1, p. 3. Monobasie. Type: Stenonia tuberosa Pocock, 1894, by original designation. Further Notes on Platyrhachus scaber Koch It has long been considered that this name dated from the deseription of Polydesmus scaber by Perty in 1823, although in 1896 its author was stated by Silvestri to be C. L. Koch. Although I have not been able to find a copy of Perty’s original description, the brief description given in 1847 by Gervais and the locality cited (the mountains of Minas Gerais, Brazil) both indicate that Perty’s species is a chelodes- moid (leptodesmoid) rather than platyrhachid form. Koch’s name, therefore, is not a junior synonym of Perty’s, and dates from 1847. In my 1953 paper on Psammodesmus (Jour. Wash. Acad. Sei. 43: 300), I discussed the application of Platyrhacus to a South American Genus, suggesting the restriction of the name to ‘‘. . . that genus which is most numerous in species and has the widest range. .. . The group which most readily qualifies is that imeluding clathratus, bilineatus, propin- quus, tenebrosus, and their close relatives.’’ This somewhat empirical resolution of the matter has turned out to be more satisfactory than I could have anticipated two years ago. Since then, I have had access to a copy of Koch’s ‘‘Die Myriapoden’’ in which the type of scaber is illustrated and fully described. And, since this species, upon which the genus rests, is not the same as Perty’s earlier one, the matter of its identity becomes much easier of determina- tion. Koch figures and describes an animal which is brownish-gray with two paramedian yellowish dorsal stripes. A survey of the world litera- ture reveals that less than 15 species with this type of coloration have been deseribed. All are from the upper drainage basin of the Amazon River, in Peru, Eeuador, and Colombia, and with two exceptions, all belong to the group of which I cited examples above! I am now in- clined to believe that when the diplopod fauna of this region has been thoroughly worked out, it will become possible to allocate the name scaber to a species with considerable confidence of accuracy. THE STATUS OF STENONIA GRAY, 1842, AND A SUGGESTION OF ITS POSSIBLE IDENTITY Since the time of Gervais’ treatment of the myriapod groups in Walckenaer’s Historie Naturelle des Insectes (1847), the generic name Stenovia of Gray has been regarded as applicable to one of the platy- Hoffman—Generic Names in Family Platyrhacidae 47 rhacid groups, and was subsequently used in that sense by Saussure (1859) and Peters (1864) as well as others. I believe, however, after considerable deliberation, that the name as defined by its subsequently designated type species, is not to be included in the Platyrhacidae. Stenonia was proposed in R. B. Todd’s Cyclopedia of Anatomy and Physiology (1842), in a classification of the diplopods clearly stated to be written by J. HE. Gray. The name was very briefly diagnosed? and proposed without any included species. We can infer only that the name was based on one or more polydesmoid species in which the lateral edges of the paranota are incised or dentate. Gray himself disregarded the name in subsequent work, such as his catalog of the myriapods in the British Museum, published in 1844. Various other workers have accepted or rejected the name, and a considerable amount of confusion has arisen concerning its application. At the present, it appears to be disregarded or forgotten. In 1896 (Brandtia, 12: 51) Cook set a prece- dent in stating that Stenonia, having had no type species assigned by its author, is a nomen nudwm and ean be neglected. Stenonia, however, is not a nomen nudum, since the name was accom- panied by a brief description. The first species associated with the generic name were Julus dentatus Olivier 1792, Polydesmus Mexicanus Lueas 1840, Polydesmus bilineatus Lucas 1840, and Polydemus Dunalii Gervais 1844. These were all regarded as forms of Stenonia by Gervais in 1847, when he wrote (op. cit., p. 95): ‘¢4. Certaines espéces ont les caracteres des précédentes, mais les earénes de leurs segments, au lieu d’étre plus ou moins épaissies, sont au contraire minces et denticulées, et elles ont leurs pores répugnatoires a la face supérieure. Ce sont les Stenonia de M. Gray. ““Polydesmus dentatus, Mexicanus, bilineatus, clathratus, Dunalii, ete.’? In the text of his paper, however, Gervais continued to refer to the five species cited as members of the genus Polydesmus. From his usage it is clear that he considered such Gray names as Fontaria and Stenonia as synonyms (rather than subgenera) of his Polydesmus, a fact which does not militate against his reference of species to a synonymized name as an accountable nomenclatorial action. Of these five originally included species, no selection of a type was made until 1896, when Cook wrote (op. cit., p. 51): “(Tf we accept for Stenonia a type species proposed by a later writer, it must be Polydesmus dentatus (Olivier), a species not known to Gray, a result certainly not in the interest of either justice or clearness.’’ While there is much to be said for Cook’s sentiment in this instance, there is no doubt from his wording that his comment constitutes defi- nite selection of a type species from the first species to be referred to the genus following its original description. This nomenclatorial consideration appears to be well-founded. But a great deal of mystery still surrounds the identity of dentatus itself (apparently not seen since its first collection), and cannot at the pres- ent be resolved entirely. The following inferences from published infor- mation, however, may be of interest to other workers. The original description of Iulus dentatus Olivier (1792, Encyclop. method. insect., vol. 7, p. 417) is very brief, and gives little of syste- matic value. It states that the species is about twice the size of Poly- 48 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington desmus complanatus (ergo, about 50-60 mm. long), that the paranota are unequally dentate (that is, armed with several acute tubercles of variable size), and that each metatergite bears a transverse depression behind which are one or two rows of tubereules. The color is said to be reddish-brown, and the provenance of the type specimen stated to be Cayenne, French Guiana. Nothing further is given, and it seems that later descriptions are but repetitions of Olivier’s. Therefore, it appears likely that Gervais’ asso- ciation of the species with four genuine species of Platyrhacidae was based upon an assumption of relationship rather than on personal knowledge that the pores in dentatus are on the upper side of the paranotum. So far, only a single species of Platyrhacidae |[Rhyphodesmus druii (Gray)] has been obtained inthe Guianas, or, for that matter, in all of northeastern South America. A specimen of this species at hand does not mateh Olivier’s description in any respect except size. But a rather close concordance is to be found in the description of Lepther- pum zerneyi (Attems, 1931, Zoologica, 30 (79): 48), a leptodesmoid species from northeastern Brasil. I do not suggest conspecificity of the two, but strongly suspect that both may belong to the same genus. Since zerneyi is clearly not congenerie with the type of Leptherpum (carinovatum Attems 1899), the status of that genus would not be affected by the possible location of zerneyi in Stenonia. This supposition, of course, is one which can be settled only by exten- sive field work in the vicinity of Cayenne, to determine the extent of the diplopod fauna of that region and how many forms meet the few stipulations of the descriptions of dentatus. LITERATURE CITED Attems, Carl Graf. Myriapoden. Abhandl. Senckenb. naturforsch. Ge- sellsch., vol. 23, pp. 473-536, pl. 21-25. 1897. System der Polydesmiden. II Theil. Denkschr. Kaiser]. Akad. Wissensch. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Classe, vol. 68, pp. 251- 435, pls. 12-17. 1900. —————. Die Indoaustralischen myriapoden. Archiv fur Naturgesch., vol. 80, sec. A, no. 4, pp. 1-298, 1914. ————. Resultats Scientifiques du Voyage aux Indes Orientales Neerlandaises de LL. AA. RR. le Prince et la Princesse Leopold de Belgique, vol. 3, fase. 12, pp. 3-34. (Memoires du Musee Royal d’his- toire Naturelle de Belgique). Bruxelles. 1932. Polydesmoidea II. Fam. Leptodesmidae, Platyrhachidae, Oxydesmidae, Gomphodesmidae. Das Tierreich, lief. 69, pp. i-xxvi, 1-487. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin und Leipzig, 1938. Chamberlin, Ralph V. On a collection of millipedes and centipedes from northeastern Peru. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 78, pp. 473-535, figs. 1-230. 1941. Cook, O. F. A synopsis of Malayan Platyrhachidae. Brandtia, no. 1, pp. 1-4. Huntington, New York, 1896. —————. New American Platyrhachidae. Brandtia, no. 10, pp. 51- 54. Huntington, New York, 1896. Gervais, Paul. Myriapodes, in: Walckenaer et Gervais, Histoire natur- elle des insectes, vol. 4, pp. 1-333. 1846. Hoffman—Generic Names in Family Platyrhacidae 49 Gray, John Edward. Myriapoda, in: Edward Griffith, The Animal Kingdom arranged in Conformity with its Organization, by the Baron Cuvier, vol. 15, p. 787, pl. 135. London, 1832. —_————. Myriapoda (with T. Rymer Jones), in: Robert B. Todd, The Cyclopedia of Anatomy and Physiology, vol. 3, pp. 545-547. Lon- don, 1842. Hoffman, Richard L. Psammodesmus, a neglected milliped genus (Poly- desmida: Platyrhacidae). Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 299-304. 1953. Koch, Carl L. System der Myriapoden. Regensburg, 1847. Loomis, H. F. New genera and species of millipeds from the southern peninsula of Haiti. Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 31, pp. 188- 195, 17 figs. 1941. Peters, W. C. H. Ubersicht der im Konigl. zoologischen Museum be- findlichen Myriapoden aus der Families der Polydesmi, so wie Besch- reibungen einer neuen Gattung, Trachyjulus, der Juli, und neuer Arten der Gattung Siphonophora. Monatsb. Preuss. Akad. Wissensch. Berlin, pp. 529-551. 1864. Pocock, R. I. Chilopoda, Symphyla, and Diplopoda of the Malay Archi- pelago, in: Max Weber, Zoologische Ergeb. Reise Niederland. Ost.- Ind., vol. 4, pp. 307-404, 4 pls. 1894. . Report upon the Polydesmoidea collected by Sign. L. Fea, M. E. Oates and others. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 14, pp. 788-834. 1895. ————. New genera and species of millipedes of the family Platy- rhachidae from the Indo- and Austro-Malayan subregion contained in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vol. 20, pp. 427-446. 1897. Report on the centipedes and millipedes obtained by Dr. A. Willey in the Loyalty Islands, New Britain, and elsewhere, in: Willey, ‘‘Zoological Results based on material from New Britain, Loyalty Islands, and elsewhere,’’ pt. 1, pp. 59-74, pl. 6. 1898. Diplopoda, in: Biologia Centralia-Americana, pp. 41-217, pls. 4-15. 1903-1910 (fasecicle dealing with Platyrhacidae dated October 1909). Saussure, Henri de. Note sur la familie des Polydesmides, principale- ment au point de vue des especes Americaines. Linnaea entomologica, vol. 13, pp. 318-327. Silvestri, Filippo. ZI Diplopoda, Parte 1. Sistematica. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 16, pp. 122-254. 1896. ——————. Neue Diplopoden. Abhandl. Mus. Dresden, vol. 6, no. 9, pp. 1-23, 3 pls., 19 text figs. 1897. 50 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Vol. 69, pp. 53-54 May 21, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE TAXONOMIC STATUS OF THE BATS CORYNOR- HINUS PHYLLOTIS G. M. ALLEN AND IDIONYCTERIS MEXICANUS ANTHONY By CHARLES O. HANDLEY, JR. United States National Museum Among the least known mammals of North America are the big-eared bats Corynorhinus phyllotis G. M. Allen (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 60:352, 1916) and Idionycteris mexicanus Anthony (American Mus. Nov., 54:1, 1923), each of which is known only by the type specimen. The first was secured in San Luis Potosi in 1878. It was stuffed with the ears laid forward over the face and with the skull left in the skin. It bore a superficial resemblance to Plecotus auritus and was reported as that species by J. A. Allen (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 8:184, 1881). Later the skull was removed. G. M. Allen (loc. cit.) noticed the lap- pets of the accessory basal lobes of the auricles lying over the rostrum, partly concealed by the overlying ears. He mistook them for enlarged muzzle glands and pronounced the specimen to be a new species of Corynorhinus, C. phyllotis. The second, obtained in Tamaulipas in 1922, was stuffed with ears erect and the lappets of the accessory anterior basal lobes of the auricles prominently exposed. It was described by Anthony (loc. cit.) as a new genus and new species, Idionycteris mexicanus, based mainly on the structure of the auricle and the similarity of the skull to that of the Old World Plecotus. I have examined both specimens and have photographed their skulls. The major difference between the two is that the type of I. mexicanus is in more worn pelage, allowing the dark hair bases to show through on the dorsum. There appears to be no basis for regarding these specimens as being even subspecifically distinct. Idionycteris mexicanus Anthony is, therefore, a synonym of Corynorhinus phyllotis G. M. Allen, and the species should be known as Idionycteris phyllotis G. M. Allen. The genus Idionycteris may be distinguished from its allies, Plecotus and Corynorhinus, by the following characteristics: Nostril unspecial- ized, accessory basal lobe of auricle developed into projecting lappet, ealear keeled, and brain case broad (53 per cent of greatest length of skull as opposed to 48-50 per cent). I wish to thank H. E. Anthony and G. G. Goodwin, American Museum of Natural History, and Barbara Lawrence, Museum of Com- parative Zoology, Harvard University, for the privilege of examining the type specimens here discussed. 7—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., VoL. 69, 1956 (53) MAY ©) 12 10c0c 54 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington FT Jf f ff 7 * ae 7 +f , 6 *] ka Vol. 69, pp. 55-58 May 21, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE SILKY POCKET MOUSE, PEROGNATHUS FLAVUS, IN ARIZONA, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SUBSPECIES By Donaup F. HorrMeiIsTEer Museum of Natural History, University of Illinois, Urbana Specimens recently collected by the Museum of Natural History, University of Illinois, together with specimens in the United States National Museum (including those in the Biological Surveys collection), give us added information on the geographical variation and distribution of the silky pocket mouse, Perognathus flavus, in Arizona. According to the present evidence, five subspecies of Perognathus flavus occur in Arizona, The ranges of these subspecies are shown in figure 1. One of these subspecies is new and may be characterized as follows: Perognathus flavus goodpasteri, new subspecies Type.—Adult male, skin and skull, no. 6312, Univ. Illinois Mus. Nat. Hist., from 2°%4 miles northwest of Springerville, Apache County, Arizona; collected August 16, 1953, by Charles A. McLaughlin, original no. 476. Range.— Known only from immediately north of Springerville, Arizona. Diagnosis—A race of Perognathus flavus characterized by upper- parts especially dark in color; sides of face and body bright buffy and not overlaid with black; size small. Color of dorsum is Light Ochraceous-Buff (all capitalized color terms are taken from Ridgway, Color standards and color nomenclature, 1912), heavily overlaid with black; sides of body and nearly all of cheeks near (c) Light Ochrace- ous-Buff not overlaid with black; nose only lightly overlaid with black; underparts slightly washed with Pinkish Buff; postauricular patches conspicuous and Light Ochraceous-Buff or Pinkish Buff. Size small in both external and cranial features. Comparisons.—Perognathus flavus goodpasteri is most closely allied with P. f. fuliginosus, from which its range is rather widely separated (see figure 1). P. f. goodpasteri differs from P. f. fuliginosus in having the buffy color more extensive on the cheeks, in the scapular region, and above the lateral line; the underparts are less extensively washed with Pinkish Buff; the overlay of black on the dorsum is slightly greater. In the specimens available, it appears that the skull 8—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., Vou. 69, 1956 (55) 56 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington av a ia A Al fuliginosus an f % ene = 3 r] ° c ‘ | i L ’ 1 i i 1 1 i i ‘ 1 1 1 1 i 1 ' : — { 1 1 i LS ArT a ly ee ee Pewesocce-- o-<-=5 Figure 1. Range of subspecies of Perognathus flavus in Arizona. in goodpasteri is shorter (as indicated by basilar and occipitonasal lengths) than in fuliginosus. P. f. goodpasteri differs from P. f. hopiensis in having a dorsal coloration much darker, presence of a wash of buff on underparts, conspicuous postauricular patches, ground color of upperparts a deeper, richer buff, and smaller size. P. f. goodpasteri differs from P. f. flavus in much the same way that it differs from P. f. hopiensis. P. f. goodpasteri differs from P. f. bimaculatus in having a darker coloration, more conspicuous postauricular patches, and smaller size. LMcasurements—The type male, a topotype female, and a female Hoffmeister—The Silky Pocket Mouse 57 from 3 miles north of Springerville, all adults, give the followiag measurements, in millimeters, respectively: total length, 107, 114, 114; tail, 54, 52, 48; hind foot, 17, 16, 17; ear from notch, 7, 6, 6. Cranial measurements of the type and topotype, respectively, are: basilar length, 14.4, 14.3; occipitonasal length, 20.5, 20.5; greatest mastoidal breadth, 12.2, 12.3; least interorbital width, 4.4, 4.6; length of nasals, 7.2, 7.6; width of nasals just in front of incisors, 2.0, 2.2; length of interparietal (along median line), 3.1, 2.8; greatest width of inter- parietal, 3.1, 3.5; alveolar length of maxillary toothrow, 3.3, 3.2. Remarks.—Perognathus flavus goodpasteri is a dark-colored race found in the plains-like short grassland which is interspersed with voleanie rock just to the north of Springerville, Arizona. This sub- species may occur in some other places along the north rim of the Mogollon Plateau in Navaho and Apache counties, but in our collecting, we found it to be uncommon. P. f. goodpasteri differs markedly from the subspecies which are geographically nearest (hopiensis and flavus) and is most similar to fuliginosus. Additional collecting may prove that goodpasteri and fuliginosus intergrade. This subspecies is named for Woodrow W. Goodpaster, whose in- defatigable and thorough collecting in Arizona has provided us with much valuable information on the mammals of the southwest. Specmmens examined.—Arizona: Apache County: 3 mi. N Springer- ville, 2 (Univ. Ill., Mus. Nat. Hist.); 234 mi. NW Springerville, 2 (Univ. Ill., Mus. Nat. Hist.). Comments on Other Subspecies of Perognathus fiavus in Arizona Five subspecies of Perognathus flavus are found in Arizona Those from along the Mogollon Plateau are dark in coloration, with good- pastert darkest, bimaculatus lightest, and fuliginosus intermediate. P. f. bimaculatus is the largest of the three. Those subspecies from north and south of the Mogollon Plateau, hopiensis and flavus, respec- tively, are light colored. Specimens of Perognathus flavus from Arizona in the collections mentioned above indicate that the ranges for those subspecies other than goodpasteri may be defined as follows (also see figure 1): Perognathus flavus bimaculatus Merriam.—Ranges from near Pres- eott northward around the western side of the Mogollon Plateau through Aubrey Valley to the south rim of Grand Canyon (Pasture Wash Ranger Station, no. 9985, Univ. Ill., Mus. Nat. Hist.). Perognathus flavus hopiensis Goldman.—In Arizona, occurs in the northeastern corner of the state, mostly north or east of the Little Colorado River and east of the Colorado River. However, known from west of the Little Colorado as follows: southeastern corner of Grand Canyon National Park on the east and west side of Cedar Mountain and the southeast entrance gate to Grand Canyon; along U. S. Highway 89 at entrance to Wupatki National Monument. Perognathus flavus fuliginosus Merriam.—Ranges along the lower slopes of the San Francisco Mountains and the Mogollon Plateau in the vicinity of Flagstaff, northward nearly to Grand Canyon National Park (Locket Tank in Cedar Ranch Wash). Specimens labelled as Tanner 58 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Tank, near the Little Colorado River, are referable to fuliginosus. Reportedly (Jour. Mammalogy, 18:101, 1937) occurs as far west as Bly (indicated on figure 1 by cirele). Perognathus flavus flavus Baird.—Im Arizona, occurs in the south- east corner of the state, south of the Gila and east of the Santa Cruz rivers. Vol. 69, pp. 59-62 May 21, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME UNDESCRIBED FORMS OF SCHIZOLACHNUS WITH KEY TO SPECIES FOUND IN THE UNITED STATES (APHIDAE) F. C. Horrss Three of the forms described here, belong to recently pub- lished species, which are treated in a key and figured for the first time. Schizolachnus curvispinosus H.E.K. Alate viviparous female. Length varying from 2.40-4.00 mm. Color notes not taken from living specimens. Cleared mounted specimens similar to those of apter- ous viviparous females. Length of antennal segments as follows: III 375-45 mm., IV .16-.18 mm., V .14-.195 mm., VI .11-.14 + .03 mm. Sensoria distributed as follows: III 4-9 arranged in an irregular row which in one or two cases is partly double All sensoria on the third segment small and slightly tuberculate, the primary sensorium on this segment is absent. IV with neither secondary or primary sensoria. V with primary sensorium only. Hair on antennal segments sparce, on third segment almost always absent on posterior margin or nearly so, varying in length from .045-.08 mm. with the longest hairs on the anterior margin roughly equal to width of segment. Antennal hairs almost straight, never strongly bent, at most with a slight curve. Fifth and sixth antennal segments weakly imbricated. Lateral lobes of thorax with few hairs, these confined for the most part to the inner regions along the median margin. Posterior median lobe of thorax with very few hairs. Costal margin of forewing fuscous, radial sector fuscous with border, cubital and anal veins pale fuscous. Media twice branched, very pale. Hind femora varying from 1.125-1.20 mm., pro- vided with numerous coarse slightly curved hairs about .105 mm. in length, these are only slightly curved as a rule and are never strongly bent as in the apterous females. First segment of the hind tarsus vary- ing from .09-.105 mm., second tarsus .33 mm. long. Dorsum of abdomen with numerous spine-like hairs which are roughly grouped in irregular bands. Hairs on ventral surface of abdomen slightly longer, less spine-like. Cornicles as in apterous females. Cauda with surface slightly setulose, with hairs distributed over entire surface, the shortest and finest being near the middle of the cauda. Morphotype alate viviparous female, deposited in the United States National Museum. Host Pinus ponderosa. Mead Township, Spokane Co. Washington. G. F, Edmunds Jr. & R. K. Allen collectors. June 14, 1955. 9—Proc. BioL. Soc. WASH., Vou. 69, 1956 (59) Baaw ~ Ap Se 60 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Hd. Femur 25° achizolachnus curvispinosus HEK Schizolachnus wahlea H. Alate viviparous female. Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 1.65-2.10 mm. Color and distribution of powder similar to that of apterous viviparous. female. Length of antennal segments as follows: III .42-.45 mm., IV -18-.19 mm., V .165-.185 mm., VI .105-.12 + .03 mm. Sensoria dis- tributed as follows: III four to six secondary sensoria, these are more or less in a row and are always small, the primary sensorium is present on this segment. The fourth antennal segment is without sensoria. The fifth antennal segment has only the primary sensorium present. Hair on antennal segments sparce inclined at an angle of about forty- five degrees, the ratio of length to width of third segment in mid region 4-3, ratio of length to width of same segment in apical region 5-38, all hair spine-like. Ocular tubercles present but poorly developed. Rostrum reaching to or slightly beyond mesothoracic coxae. Median suture of head narrow and dark brown. Media exceedingly faint, hardly recognizable and has to be looked for, second branch of media either absent or exceedingly faint and shorter than normal, and not united with media. Anal and cubital veins dark, slightly bordered. Metathoracic femora varying from 1.50-1.80 mm. Metathoracic tibiae varying in length from 2.55-2.82 mm. Hairs on tibiae and femora similar to those of apterous viviparous female. First metatarsal seg- ment varying from .36-.405 mm. Cornicles and cauda as in apterous viviparous female. Morphotype alate viviparous female. Rearend on Pinus ponderosa Hottes—Forms of Schizolachnus 61 h pe) Aare A4 19 tla cle Schizolachnus wahlea H: y ? i femur “2 ee ‘ Aer, Ss ry | EGON? == | 12 3 easy) ; Gen. i aap es oo. — = Sehizolachnus tusoca H¢W. 62 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Grand Junction, Colorado, from material taken from tree which pro- duced the holotype. This slide has been deposited in the United States National Museum. Only three specimens of this form have been taken, Schizolachnus tusoca H.&W. Oviparous female. Length from vertex to end of anal plate 2.32 mm. Antennal seg- ments with the following lengths: III .33 mm., IV .15 mm., V .135 mm., VI .09 + .03 mm. Hind femora 1.2 mm., hind tibiae 1.7 mm. Sen- soria on hind tibiae numerous, confined to basal half of segment more or less. Rostrum just reaching mesothoraciec coxae. Other features as in viviparous female. Morphotype oviparous female, Pinus ponderosa Catalina Mts. Tucson, Arizona, Nov. 27, 1954. G. D. Butler Jr. Deposited in the United States National Museum. When S. wahlea was described, it was stated that it was closely allied to S. tusoca. Now that I have seen living forms of both species this statement can be emphasized. In life the two species look alike. Mounted specimens differ in size, length of antennal segments, femora, tibiae and tarsi. The media of the fore wings also differ. Studies should be made on these two species to determine the influence of en- vironment on those factors which have been used to separate them. Key to American Species of Schizolachnus. 1. Hairs on ventral surface of hind femora short, coarse, peg-like.__2 Hairs on ventral surface of hind femora not short, or peg-like.__3 2. Hind femora 1.5-2 mm. in length, first tarsal segment .11 mm. in length, hind tibiae of oviparous female 2.07-2.95 mm. in length. Pe aie eres en Aa ee S. wahlea H. Hind femora 1.2 mm. in length, first tarsal segment of hind tarsus .08 mm. long, hind tibiae of oviparous female 1.7 mm. VOY 0 Se i ne ee er cm ee ne | S. tusoca H&W 3. Hair on hind tibiae long, and fine, longer than .12 mm. in apterous’ forms not bent) 22 -- eeeeee 4 Hair on hind tibiae coarse, less than .11 mm. in length, in apterous forms strongly bent, in alate forms almost straight or weakly bent, dorsum of abdomen with short spine-like SAE en ee eee S. curvispinosus H.H.K. 4, Hind tibiae slender, long, black, hind tarsal segment II .30-.37 TITY VY ny, secs wn Nee NS ey es ast ee S. pini-radiatae (D.) Hind tibiae thick, short, with some pale yellow, hind tarsal segment II .25-.28 mm. in length. _._.._.___.__._._____S. pineti (F.) Vol. 69, pp. 63-64 May 21, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW SPECIES OF CINARA FROM CANADA (APHIDAE) By F. C. Horrss I wish to acknowledge the assistance of Mrs. M. E. Mac- Gillivary of the Field Crop Insect Laboratory, Fredericton, N. B., Canada who collected the material from which this interesting species is described. Cinara acadiana n. sp. Apterous viviparous female. Size and general color.—lLength from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 2.92-3.15 mm. Color notes not made from living speci- mens. Color of mounted specimens which were cleared, as follows: head dusky brown. First and second antennal segments slightly darker than head, third fourth and fifth antennal segments pale dusky, third segment slightly darker at apex, fourth and fifth segments with apical regions darker than base, sixth antennal segment uniform dusky, much the darkest antennal segment. Femora pale dusky with apical portions much darker. Tibiae dark brown at extreme base, quickly shading to pale dusky to beyond middle, then shading to dark brown which con- tinues to apex. Tarsal segments concolorous with end of tibiae. Corni- eles dusky with constricted area darker. Dorsum of abdomen with a few small brownish wax pore plates. Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following lengths: TIT .435-.51 mm., IV .225-.285 mm. both lengths represented by a single case, most common length .24 mm., V .23-.315 mm. always longer than fourth antennal segment, on a given specimen, VI .15-17 + .06-.075 mm. Sensoria distributed as follows: III as a rule none, never more than one, primary sensorium present. IV one-two, as rule only one, the primary sensorium is present on this segment. V one plus primary. Hair on third segment fairly numerous upstanding, fine, varying in length, with one or two exceptions, less than width of segment, the shortest hairs being about .045 mm. in length, the longest about .08 mm. Second antennal segment with numerous hairs. The sixth antennal segment with very faint imbrications, the unguis nail-like, hair on un- guis not confined to end. Extended rostrum reaching beyond cornicles. Last three segments of rostrum with the following lengths .30-.30-.12 or .285-.30-.12 mm. Head with numerous hairs which are slightly longer and coarser than those on antennae. Width of head across eyes about .69 mm. Eyes small, with ocular tubercles the same. Mesosternal tubercle absent. Femora seemingly short varying from 1.02-1.27 mm. in length. Hind tibiae varying from 10—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VoL. 69, 1956 (63) 64 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Gnara areadiana 1.72-2.02 mm. Hair on hind tibiae fairly numerous, upstanding, fine, varying in length from .045-.075 mm. less than the width of the tibiae, the longest hairs are located near the apex of segment, in this location the hairs are slightly less upstanding. The hairs on the outer margin of the tibiae are longer than the hairs on the inner margin. First tarsal segment with about eight hairs on the ventral surface, First hind tarsal segment varying in length from .10-.12 mm. the second segment varying from .30-.33 mm. Abdomen.—Dorsal and ventral surfaces of abdomen thickly clothed with long fine sharp pointed hairs, which are similar on both surfaces, these hairs vary from .12-.15 mm. in length. Cornicles extremely varia- ble as to size, and shape of outer margin which is always very irregular. Extent of outer margin of cornicles varying from .12-.36 mm. Base of cornicles much broken, often with clear areas, frequently associated with free pigmented areas. Hairs on cornicles similar to those on abdomen and of one kind, not more numerous on constricted area than elsewhere. Genital plate very large, suggestive of the genital plate of an oviparous form, for which there is no further evidence. Cauda and anal plate with numerous hairs. I know of no near allies to this species, on its host species Picea glauca indicated on slides as Picea canadensis. In Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara in ‘‘Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region’’ Cinara acadiana keys to Cinara terminalis G&P., a species with which it has nothing in common except the characters made use of in the key, and from which it may be distinguished at once by the numerous body hairs. From Cinara piceae (Panz.) as I think correctly determined by Dr. D. Hille Ris Lambers, this species differs greatly in the character of the hairs found on the tibiae, not being blunt, and in the sixth antennal segment not being strongly imbricated. The two species differ greatly and there is no need to mention other factors in which they differ. Holotype apterous viviparous female, Sept. 22, 1954, taken on Picea glauca Acadia Forest Experimental Station, New Brunswick, Canada. Collected by Mrs. M. E. MacGillivary, deposited in the Cana- dian National Collection, Ottawa, Canada. Vol. 62, pp. 65-68 May 21, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW SPECIES OF CINARA FROM MAINE (APHIDAE) By F. C. Horrrs This new species was among slides of Cinara sent me for naming, by Mrs. M. E. MacGillivary of the Field Crop Insect Laboratory, Fredericton, N. B. Canada, and I glady acknowl- edge her assistance. Cinara soplada n. sp. Apterous viviparous female. Length from vertex to end of anal plate 3.07mm. Color notes from life not available. The single specimen from which this species is de- scribed has been cleared and mounted very flat, it indicates the head and thorax and the first antennal segment as being pale brown, femora yellowish at the extreme base, shading to brown. The metathoracic femora are much darker than the pro and mesothoracic femora, and un- like them much darker towards the apex. Tibiae brown with pale region in basal third of segment. Tarsal segments concolorous with end of tibiae. Cornicles pale brown, with extreme outer margin slightly lighter im color. Dorsum of abdomen with two rows of small wax pore plates at each side. Cauda and anal plate brown. Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the followimg lengths: TIT .50mm., TV .23mm., V .28mm., Vi .12 + .07 mm. Sensoria distributed as follows: III with primary sensorium, no secondary sensoria, ITV and V with primary sensoria and one secondary sensorium. Hair on antennae sparee, fine, sharp-pointed, upstanding, some on third segment set at ninety degrees, none less than sixty degrees. Third antennal segment with short region near apex brownish, fourth and fifth segments similar, but with the brown more extensive, sixth segment uniform brown. Apical half of fourth, and all of fifth and sixth antennal segments very weakly imbricated, the imbrications being so poorly developed that they have to be looked for. Median suture of head not much darker than adjacent area. Ocular tubercles small but very distinct. Rostrum re- tracted, so that its length can only be estimated to reach slightly beyond cornicles, the last three segments measuring as follows: .27, .23 and .09mm. Hind femora 1.44mm. long, provided with rather coarse hairs which are about one fifth as long as the width of the femora. Hind tibiae 2.03mm. in length, with hairs rather coarse, the hairs on the outer margin being rather dull at the end, the hairs on the inner margin being sharp-pointed. The hairs on the outer margin are about .05mm. long, and are spaced farther apart than their length, which is slightly less than one half the width of the tibiae. Hairs near apex of tibiae not more numerous than elsewhere, with those on the ventral apex very short. First tarsal segment of hind tarsus .135mm. in length, provided with Ji—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., VoL. 69, 1956 (65) aZaV an .§ 4are 66 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Cinara soplada about eleven hairs of the ventral surface, second tarsal segment .29mm. long, hairs on the dorsal and ventral surfaces of this segment similar, but less numerous on the dorsal surface. Abdomen.—Cornicles .36mm. across, with outer margin quite regular, hairs on cornicles uniformly dis- tributed over the surface, and not more numerous on the constricted area. Dorsum of abdomen almost free from hairs, this fact is very diffi- cult to determine because the specimen is very compressed, the few hairs present are extremely short. Hairs on the ventral surface of the abdomen fine, sharp-pointed, not numerous, for the most part farther apart than their length. Genital plate broadly excavated along the posterior mar- gin, the hairs on this structure are confined to the ends. Pigmented spots anterior to the cauda divided with a single row of about five hairs along the posterior margin. Cauda and anal plate provided with well developed setulose surfaces. Hairs on cauda confined largely to the posterior margin. Long hairs on cauda and anal plate arising from extremely well developed wart-like tubercles. Because of the short blunt tipped hairs on the outer margin of the hind tibiae, I suspect that most Aphid workers would take one look at this species and determine it as Cinara coloradensis (G) which also has Picea for a host. Actually C. soplada differs greatly from C. coloradensis and may be differentiated from it at once by the fact that the hairs on the cornicles are uniformly distributed over the surface and not confined to the constricted area as they are in C. coloradensis, cleared specimens of which also show the cornicles to be two toned. C. coloradensis also has the last segments of the antennae strongly imbricated, and the sec- ond segment of the hind tarsis is longer. C. coloradensis also has the tip of the unguis different, there being two wart-like structures, one at the tip and other slightly back, in C. soplada there is only one, situated at the tip. In Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara in ‘‘ Aphids of the Rocky Moun- tain Region’’ C. soplada keys to couplet eight, and comes most nearly agreeing with requirements for C. flexilis (G&P) from which it can be differentiated at once by the fact that the hairs on the first tarsal seg- ment of the hind tarsus are confined to the ventral surface. It should be noted C. coloradensis has few and extremely short hairs on the dorsum of the abdomen, and to be keyed to coloradensis in Palmer’s key, the hair on the ventral surface must be taken to fulfill requirements of couplet six. When C. soplada is thus keyed it will not key to C. colora- densis because the fourth antennal segment is shorter than one and one half times the total length of the sixth antennal segment. It may be distinguished from C. piceae (Panzer) by the distribution of hair on the ee. Hottes—New Species of Cinara 67 eornicles, by the poorly developed imbrications on the antennae and by the short hairs on the dorsum of the abdomen. Holotype apterous viviparous female, deposited in the National Mu- seum of Canada. Host on slide indicated only as Serub Spruce, this could be red, black, or white spruce, the name scrub spruce being often given for poorly growing trees. The specimen was taken August 20, 1944, by Procter during his Mt. Desert Survey. The locality is given as a hill back of Shea’s Corner, Mt. Desert, Maine. ¥} Bi ar nna SOF de, ont, I: adh oh fa Fat l gama : ahi) ane fey: ae RTA Rofl: tt ad foolt é sneha libel iitteciie pall, Aruurlian ah Mowery ae shale Oe rag? fy 1 Net a Rr Haren wee enue i Capita > Slee cs : al 4 esol: Ee ee rreutl., te git aattoty ay . o¢ s s ' Be petal deiaeth OU esate wade ae “3 ’ % » k ; 4 r] Y ia : i fe t is - : i ig , s far ‘ re ty ; P fi = - ys 7 i a , ‘ i Al p % H ‘ i a ee — re P ' “ + a ey a .F,O06 / 6 Vol. 69, pp. 69-70 September 12, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW HERMIT THRUSH FROM CANADA By Harry C. OBERHOLSER In revising the forms of Hylocichla guttata (Pallas) several years ago, the writer discovered an undescribed race. This it seems desirable to publish at the present time. It may be known as Hylocichla guttata euboria, new subspecies Yukon Hermit Thrush Subspecifie Characters——Similar in color to Hylocichla guttata guttata, in both gray and brown phases, but larger excepting its relatively smaller bill. Measurements——Adult male. Wing, 89.9-96.0 (average, 92.7) mm.; tail, 67.6-76.0 (72.1) ; exposed culmen, 10.9-13.5 (13.2); tarsus, 26.4-30.0 (29.0); middle toe without claw, 15.0-17.3 (15.8). Adult female. Wing, 89.9-93.5 (92.0) ; tail, 67.8-71.9 (69.3) ; exposed eulmen, 11.4-12.7 (12.2); tarsus, 27.9-30.5 (29.2); middle toe without claw, 15.4-16.0 (15.2). Type.—Adult male, No. 165716, United States National Museum, Fish and Widlife Service collection; Lewes River, Yukon River, Yukon, Canada; July 21, 1899; W. H. Osgood, original number 156. Geographic Distribution—Breeds north to southern Yukon; west to west central British Columbia; south to central British Columbia; and east to central British Columbia and central southern Yukon. In migra- tion ranges casually east to central northern Ohio and central western Indiana. Winters north to northern Oklahoma, south central Texas, and north central California; and sowth to central western California and central western Nuevo Leon. Remarks.—This Hermit Thrush seems to be somewhat closer in char- acters to Hylocichla guttata sequotensis-and Hylocichla guttata guttata than to any of the other races of the species, but still different enough by reason of its combination of characters to be recognized as a geo- graphical entity. It may be distinguished from Hylocichla guttata sequoiensis by its somewhat darker coloration, somewhat shorter wing, and decidedly smaller bill. Birds of this species obtained during the breeding season in Yukon have been by Robert Ridgway and other authors referred to Hylocichla guttata sequoiensis, but they of course belong to the subspecies here first described. Examples from central British Columbia, although not typical of Hylocichla guttata euboria, are apparently nearer this race than tc Hylocichla guttata oromela. 12—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VOL. 69, 1956 (69) Orr i S qa2 } 70 cae. rine I of Washington “Pw en. 706 3 ENT HSOMay SEP 24 1956 Vol. 69, pp. 71-82 September 12, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A STATISTICAL STUDY OF THAMNOPHIS BRACHYSTOMA (COPE) WITH COMMENTS ON THE KINSHIP OF T. BUTLERI (COPE). By A. J. Barton The Stony Brook School, Stony Brook, L. I., N. Y. The short-headed gartersnake has had a stormy taxonomic history. Originally described by Cope in 1892 from Franklin, Venango County, Pennsylvania, the name brachystoma was suppressed by Ruthven (1908), who, while noting that he lacked sufficient specimens to reach any position of certainty, considered it to be a synonym for Thamnophis butlert (Cope) 1889. Albert G. Smith reviewed the butlert complex in 1945 and decided that two distinct species were recognizable. For the more eastern of these he resurrected Cope’s name brachy- stoma. The Carnegie Museum took immediate steps to secure an adequate representation of this revived species, and at the invitation of Dr. M. Graham Netting, I began a statistical analysis of these specimens in 1947. Other duties forced me to lay aside this project, unfortunately, before its completion. In 1949, Smith again considered the group, and this time reversed himself by deciding that butleri and brachystoma were subspecificially related, and that both were races of the plains gartersnake T. radix. Conant (1950) conclusively demonstrated that radix is specifically dis- tinet from butleri. Conant (1950, 1951) further held that brachystoma shows no signs of intergrading with bwtleri, and that ‘‘in view of the marked difference between them,’’ they must be retained as discrete species. Conant premised his views on Smith’s data, a key phrase to Conant’s comments reading, ‘‘—if Smith’s data are accurate—.’’ A number of unfortunate errors had crept into Smith’s work, espe- cially the 1949 contribution, which sharply limit its usefulness by leaving the reader uncertain as to what is valid and what is erroneous. In his first paper, for example, Smith reported (1945, 149) that in Thamnophis brachystoma the scales ‘‘are almost always arranged in 17-17-17 rows,’’ but in the second contribution (1949, 288, table 1) he omits the formula 17-17-17 entirely from his summary for brachystoma and instead states that 99.75% of his sample exhibit the formula 17-17-15. Changing his figures again, he reports on page 295 that 216 of his 221 specimens showed the formula 17-17-15 (216/221 = 97.7%, not 99.75%). But on 13—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., Vou. 69, 1956 (71) SEP. , Gee 72 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington page 297, he offers his reader a third choice by stating for T. radix brachystoma, under the heading Diagnosis, ‘‘A gartersnake in which the dorsal scales are reduced to 17 rows throughout’’ (italics mine) ! Similarly, for brachystoma, he equates 4/221 on page 295 with 0.21% on page 288 (it should read 1.81%), 1/221 with 0.04%; for butleri 228/237 with 99.68% (instead of 96.2%), 7/237 with 0.29%, ete. In the consideration of brachystoma’s supralabials (1945, 150) he refers to six individuals as constituting 0.04% of his sample, yet his sample numbers not 15,000 (as this value would require), but 221. It is in the hope of clearing a path through this confusion that I have returned my attention to my old notes, and offer the following data. Material and Methods The sample reported upon herein is composed of 154 specimens, of which 110 are males, 34 are females, and ten are of undetermined sex. All are in the collection of the Carnegie Museum (C.M.), and were taken from the following Pennsylvania localities, which were among those previously mapped by Richmond (1952): SPECIMENS EXAMINED: CLARION: Strattonville C.M. 28156-66, 28169, 28171, 28233-37. ELK: Portland Mills C.M. 28393-95; Pa. route 949, % mi. N. of the Jefferson Co. line C.M. 28397. FOREST: E. bank of Allegheny River, 12 mi. N. of Tionesta C.M. 26851-84, 28131-3836. JEFFERSON: 5% mi. N.EH. of Sigel C.M. 28143-55, 28197, 28243; Cook’s Forest C.M. 28954. McKEAN: 4 mi. N.E. of Clermont C.M. 28740. MERCER: 2-3 mi. N. of Grove City C.M. 28633. VENANGO: 9 mi. HE. of Oil City, near U.S. route 62 C.M. 27027-29, 27037; 1 mi. S.W. of President C.M. 27038-41; 1 mi. N.H. of Franklin C.M. 27732. WARREN: circa 2% mi. N.E. of Tidiute, near U.S. route 62 C.M. 26886-87, 27093; 11144 mi. N.E. of Tidiute, near U.S. route 62 C.M. 26888; 15 mi. N.E. of Tidiute, near U.S. route 62 C.M. 26889-98; 6 mi. W. of Warren, on the bank of the Allegheny River C.M. 27691-98; 4 mi. S.W. of Youngsville C.M. 27702; circa % mi. N.W. of Pittsfield C.M. 27673-76, 27726-28; 4 mi. N. of Pittsfield C.M. 27710; 5 mi. N.W. of Pittsfield C.M. 27729; 6 mi. N. of Pittsfield C.M. 27734; 5 mi. EH. of Columbus C.M. 27685-87; Benson’s Swamp, 2 mi. E. of Columbus C.M. 27678; Sheffield C.M. 27505-12, 28662; 2 mi. S. of Sheffield C.M. 26899-916. In addition to the foregoing, the following specimens were measured for total length only, and this value was applied in the preparation of table 3 (Growth and Age Groups) : CRAWFORD: Titusville C.M. 29870-71. ERIE: 1 mi. EH. of Corry, near U.S. route 6 C.M. 29881-82. FOREST: 2 mi. N. of Tionesta, near U.S. route 62 C.M. 32232. MecKEAN: Morrison C.M. 29631; 6 mi. N.W. of Kane, near Pa. route 68 C.M. 29628. Barton—Statistical Study of Thamnophis Brachystoma 73 VENANGO: ‘‘Ten Mile Bottom’’, 4 mi. N. of Van C.M. 32207-09; 2 mi. N.W. of Coal Hill C.M. 32199, 32201. WARREN: Sheffield C.M. 29737-3838 (A-G), 29796-802, 30042; Corydon C.M. 32238-40; 10 mi. S.W. of Warren, near U.S. route 62 C.M. 32245, 32247-49 (A-L), 32251-52 (A-H). For statistical methods I have followed Arkin and Colton (1950), ex- cept for the coefficient of divergence which was introduced by Klauber (1940), and for Fisher’s ‘‘t’’, which was taken from Snedicor (1946). Scutellation Dorsal Scale Rows i Unlike the sample brachystoma studied by Smith, where the number of scale rows was quite constant, the present series exhibits considerable variation (Table 1). Seale rows were counted one head’s length behind the head, at midbody, and approximately a head’s length anterior to the vent. Table 1. Variation in number of dorsal scale rows Seale row formula f Per cent of sample 17-17-17 118 76.7 17-19-17 17 11.0 17-17-15 13 8.4 17-17-16 2 1.3 19-19-19 iL 0.6 19-17-17 1 0.6 18-18-17 1 0.6 17-18-17 1 0.6 Supralabials In the present series, 90.3 per cent (139 individuals) possess six supralabials on each side of the head; 3.2 per cent (5) are bilaterally asymmetrical in having six on one side and seven on the other; 2.0 per cent (3) have six on one side and five on the other. Thus it is that 95.5 per cent of the sample have six supralabials on at least one side of the mouth. Of the remainder, 3.2 per cent (5) have seven of these seales on each side; 0.6 per cent (1) has five on each side, and one aberrant specimen (C.M. 27029) has seven on the left side of the head and six full labials on the right, with an additional small scale, which fails to reach the lip, interpolated between the fifth and sixth full scales. Should this scale be counted, this specimen would be added to those listed above bearing 7-7 supralabials; should it be ignored, the count would be 7-6. Counting supralabials in this species is complicated by the fact that many individuals have large labial-like scales continuing in series behind the last true supralabial. Therefore the arbitary rule was set that the posteriormost labial in contact with a temporal was the last one counted. Without such a criterion, one could defend several different supralabial counts for a single specimen. Infralabials In ascertaining the number of infralabials, the posteriormost scale having a point of contact with a supralabial when the mouth was closed 74 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington was the last one counted, as again a series of labial-like shields extended behind the last true lower labial. Applying this rule, eight infralabials proved to be the number most frequently encountered, 35.0 per cent (54) showing this number bilaterally, 26.0 per cent (40) having eight on one side but seven on the other, 7.1 per cent (11) having the combina- tion eight with nine, and 1.3 per cent (2) eight-six. Thus 69.4 per cent of the sample have eight infralabials at least unilaterally. Seven lower labials are born by 50.6 per cent of the sample in the following combinations: seven-seven, 19.5 per cent (30); seven-eight, 26.0 per cent (40); seven-six, 4.5 per cent (7); and seven-five, 0.6 per cent (1). Only 3.2 per cent (5) have six infralabials on each side; 1.3 per cent (2) shows the combination six-five; one specimen shows nine-nine and one, nine-ten. Oculars Less variation is displayed in the number of preoculars, where 81.2 per cent (125) have only one on each side, 11.0 per cent (17) have two on each side, and 7.8 per cent (12) show the combination one-two. The number of postoculars in brachystoma is commonly two or three, with 38.9 per cent (60) of this series having three on each side, 30.5 per cent (47) having two on each side, and 28.6 per cent (44) having the combination three-two. In two specimens (C.M. 26911, 28150) the postoculars on one side of the head are fused into a single high, curved scale. These two specimens show the formulae two-cne and three-one. One lone example shows the combination three-four. The wide range in the size of these various head scales, the large number of abnormalities and the subsequent variation in head scale counts impress one who is working with this species. Such wide variation is frequently encountered in small snakes and seems to be associated with a reduction of head size. Ventral and Subcaudal Seutes A summary of data regarding ventral and subeaudal scutes is pre- sented in table 2. The ventrals of males are more numerous than those of females, the coefficient of divergence being 2 per cent. Notable sexual dimorphism is to be found in the number of subcaudals, where the males possess many more scutes (C.D. = 14.99%). The range in this character for males, from 63 to 75, only slightly overlaps the range for females, from 53 to 64. The subcaudal count proves to be the best single character for sexing individuals of this species. It has, of course, the advantage of remaining constant throughout the life of the snake, whereas the next best index for determining sex, the ratio of tail length to total length, is unreliable with small individuals. Since the terminal spine in brachystoma seems to include elements from both the left and right rows of subcaudals, this spine has been counted as a caudal on both sides. A large number of unusual arrangements of ventrals and caudals was noted through this sample. Nine specimens have one or more ecaudals undivided at the midline, so that an entire ventral-like strap extends across the underside of the tail. In some of these specimens there are as many as five or six such anomalous caudals scattered among normally divided scutes. In two specimens, a number of the ventral plates Barton—Statistical Study of Thamnophis Brachystoma 75 are divided along the mid-ventral line, giving completely separated left and right elements. Their positions indicate that they are not merely the results of umbilical scars. In twelve more individuals there are similarly divided ventrals, but in these the situation is further compli- cated by the interpolation of a small additional scute on one side or the other which extends, caudal-like, only from the mid-ventral line to the first dorsal scale row. In eight more snakes, one or more ventrals is split crosswise, usually from one end to the mid-line, but sometimes even farther. It is remarkable, then, that 19.5 per cent (30) of this sample has some abnormality in the conformation of some of the ventral or subeaudal seutes. This may possibly suggest some instability in the genetic pattern of this form. Throughout the sample the anal is entire, and the dorsal scales (with the exception of those in the first row on either side) bear weak keels. Loeation of the Lateral Stripes Many authors have pointed out the importance of the location of the lateral stripes as a key character in distinguishing between various members of this genus. Smith (1945, 140) has previously reported that in brachystoma, ‘‘The stripes are on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th rows an- teriorly always, posteriorly it may be on 2 and 3.’’? My observations differ sharply from Smith’s. In the present sample, 87 per cent (134) possess the lateral stripe throughout the entire length of the body on scale rows two and three only; 6.5 per cent (10) have the stripe on row three and the adjacent portions of rows two and four at midbody, but only on two and three both anteriorly and posteriorly; 2.6 per cent (4) have the stripe on rows three and adjacent two and four through the anterior portions of the body, but only on rows two and three posteriorly; 1.9 per cent (3) retain the stripe on upper two, three, | and lower four through the entire length; in two individuals the stripes are undiscernible; and in the remaining specimen the stripe is found on upper one, two and three in the anterior portions of the body, and on two and three only posteriorly. Size and Growth There have been no reports published from field studies on the growth of short-headed gartersnakes, and so deductions made from the present sample are of interest. In table 3, 194 snakes have been arranged in three groups according to the time of year in which they were collected. The last third of the growing season, from September 1, to the onset of the next growing season, in mid April, was selected as the first division. The first third of the growing season, from April 15 to June 30, com- poses the second division; the middle third, from July 1 to August 31, makes up the remaining section. Divisions between age groups are sharp and clear only in the first year, and then individual differences in growth rate befog the picture and permit only approximate partitions. It seems clear, however, that brachystoma, like many small snakes of temperate climes, approximately doubles its natal length during the first year of life, that it reaches mature dimensions at the end of the second year and then increases in length but slowly during its remain- ing life. It is also to be noted that the two sexes increase in length Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 76 00% (% Ut) ddUISIOALC jo JUILOYZI0H L0°LT'9 00°+09'F LO'6hF LO 10'S 60° 60°F 10’ 28°¢ 10’ €6T 00°-9G T A 6G EST GL +19 T 6T +00 T 90°=+-82°0 OS FES 6T 19'S GE +696 PL =LTSG WOT} VIAN prepurys 6E +89 66 LT -+£0°SE 8ST +1966 80°+S6°SE €P +06 6S LG +1689 9V +98 9ET 0G +-<6L 6ET UOT ‘popnpoul o1B “UL LEZ SULPoddxX9 SY}sus] [B10} YITM soTeut ATUO, G'Gé VSé G¥%G LLG v9 GL OVT vPL “XPT T96 Its £06 G&G &G 69 T&T VEL “UTTAL 6& 16 6& 16 6& 86 && GIL 'N fo) (qj80e1 AGO JO % uy) 2, re} JO wors0do1g (Yjsuey 1230} Jo % uy) [re JO uoysz0do1g S[@.1309 A. ) M4 } r) s[epnep ) e ag ropowreyy pwojshyovig Uk WSTYAIOWIp [eNxXes puUe WOTPVIIBA ‘“Z IQBAL, Barton—Statistical Study of Thamnophis Brachystoma 77 at approximately the same rate, and that no sexual dimorphism in size is apparent from these data. Table 3. Growth and age groups DATES OOLLECTED Total Length 1 Sept. — 14 Apr. 15 Apr. - 30 June (m, ) lJuly - 314 Firet a spring = aE De | 1 One oes) Second year Sette epring \ Seoom fF =. F 5 Two a = olds 420-29 a se pain = Third 430-39 — (1) = ap spring 5 & I te) 5 10 15 8420 25 () 5 10 15 5 1% 15 NUMBERS OF SPECIMENS @ Mele DD Female gj Sex not determined Smith (1945, 149) states that the largest specimen he examined was a female from near Tionesta, Forest County, Pennsylvania, which measured 506 mm., of which 118 mm. was tail. The smallest specimen in my study group is a male (C.M. 29802), collected on 17 August, 1951 at Sheffield, Warren County, Pennsylvania, which has a total length of only 135 mm, In three litters of new born young produced in the laboratory and preserved at once, the average length of the 12 males was found to be 146.4 mm., while for the 15 females the average was 146.0 mm. Two of these litters have already been mentioned by Richmond (1954, 257). Comparison Between brachystoma and butleri In the new light shed upon the situation by the foregoing, let us now reexamine Conant’s thesis (1950, 76) that ‘‘In view of the marked 78 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington difference between them, plus the fact that there is no evidence of an intergrading population, bulteri and brachystoma should be considered as distinct, although related, species.’? Conant considered this question in each of five areas, which we shall review in order: Relative Head Width Conant (supra cit., 75) states, ‘‘—its (brachystoma’s) head is quite narrow and is not wider than the neck as is the case in butlert.’’ Yet Smith (1945, 150), while deliberately seeking out differences to present in his paper separating the two forms, was forced to admit, ‘‘The head size of both species was checked, and the difference in size of the head is so small that it is hardly recognizable as a distinguishing character.’’ Conant, too, had written earlier (1938, 96) that in butleri the head was small and ‘‘but little distinct from the neck.’’ An examination of the two forms side by side suggests that the difference in head proportions is not so much one of width as of length. As Cope observed in assigning the specific name brachystoma, the head of this form is proportionately shorter than that of butleri. Dark Spots Conant (1950, 75) argues that ‘‘In buwtleri, also, there very often is evidence of dark spots between the longitudinal stripes; these are lacking or only faintly indicated in brachystoma.’’ In referring to these same spots in butleri, Conant (1938, 97) had previously noted that the spots are ‘‘obsolete in a majority of specimens,’’ even though ‘ ‘readily apparent in others.’’ (Italics mine.) Thus it is seen that in both forms the spots are absent from the pattern of the majority of specimens, or are only faintly indicated. Number of Dorsal Seale Rows In considering this character, Conant quoted Smith’s 1949 contribution, which indicated that differential numbers of scale rows formed a sharp line of division between butleri and brachystoma. An examination of table 1 in the present paper will reveal that no such sharp line exists, but rather that the two populations gradually merge in this character; that 11.6 per cent of the brachystoma in the series under study possess 19 scale rows at midbody, an arrangement previously thought to be al- most exclusively characteristic of butleri. Number of Supralabials The number of supralabials is six in 39 per cent of butleri, and seven in 57 per cent (Smith, 1945, 150). Thamnophis brachystoma is less variable in this regard, since 95.5 per cent of this study group bear six supralabials, and 6.5 per cent bear seven on one or both sides of the head. Separation of Ranges, and Absence of Intergrades Thamnophis butleri is regarded by Thomas (Conant, Thomas and Rausch, 1945, 67) as a pre-glacial ‘‘endemic to the eastern part of the Prairie Peninsula—. It may be considered as a relict of a former climate—. It seems altogether likely that butleri—existed prior to the Wisconsin glaciation somewhere near its present range, as postulated by Schmidt (1938). Persisting throughout Wisconsin times beyond the Barton—Statistical Study of Thamnophis Brachystoma 79 periphery of the ice sheet, it may have spread into the glaciated portions of the Prairie Peninsula soon after the retreat of the ice.’’ There is unanimity that brachystoma, like butleri, is a pre-Wisconsin endemic, and Netting is quoted by Conant (1950, 76) as being of the opinion that ‘‘This snake may be a relict almost in situ, and—may have existed during Wisconsin times in essentially the same area which it now occupies.’’ This is possible because, as Richmond’s distributional report (1952, 315-16) so clearly demonstrates, brachystoma is almost entirely “restricted to one physiographic section, the (unglaciated) Allegheny High Plateaus Section of the Appalachian Plateaus Province.’’ It is my belief, therefore, that before the Wisconsin glacial advance, brachystoma and butleri were members of a single species occupying a continuous geographical range, but the glacier’s advance forced the main body of the species to retreat ahead of it to a point south of its terminal moraine, meanwhile leaving the segment of the population which has become brachystoma isolated in its high plateau locale. Due to pressures, competitive or climatic, butlert later migrated northward and has come to occupy primarily glaciated territory. That it has failed to reclaim all of its pre-glacial range should occasion no astonishment. As has been noted, it has failed by only about 90 miles to reclose the gap dividing it from brachystoma. Since the latter has remained vir- tually stationary during and since the Wisconsin, it likely is mor- phologiecally nearer the pre-glacial stock, whereas butleri has possibly evolved slightly more to fit it to the new demands of its glacier-modified habitat. The belief that butleri and brachystoma were once one single form is supported by the fact that the most buwtleri-like brachystoma are those from the southern and southwestern borders of the present range, the area presumbably last in contact with butleri. Typical butleri char- acteristics (namely, scale rows 19 at midbody, seven supralabials, lateral stripes invading the fourth scale row) are possessed by more than twice as many specimens from this area as those from the remainder of the range. While this finding must at present be regarded as tentative due to incomplete sampling, the fact that one third of the southwestern brachystoma show one or more of these butleri characters is strongly suggestive, and were the two forms in geographical contact, it is pos- sible that this section would be regarded as an area of intergradation. For a summary of other points for comparison, see table 4. Conelusions Application of Fisher’s ‘‘t’’ test to comparable sets of data from butleri and brachystoma demonstrates conclusively that the two consti- tute separate populations. The question as to whether they be two discrete species, or merely two races of a single species having discontinuous ranges is a moot point. It is clear that two races of one single species can exist with definite gaps separating their geographical ranges. Indeed, if our present concept of the mechanics of speciation is correct, it is inescapable that such a condition must sometimes exist. During the long period of time following the isolation of one segment of a popu- lation from others of its kind, while the gradual accumulation of changes in its genetic pattern is developing to the point where they 80 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington (%9'33) G'F3-'0G (%6'S3) L°L8-3°&s 7 aoMol pue ‘¢g ‘g soddn Aye -10Isvo00 ‘ATWO g PUB GZ Ayyensn OT 10 ‘6 ‘Gg Apores ‘9 sowtjomos “g 10 4 ATWOUTULOD L Ajpemotseoo0 ‘9 Aj[ensn qT Ajoresr ‘g 10 g ATWOUUTOD g Ajpeworsvooo ‘T AT[ensn (g'6¢) F9-ES (6°89) GL-&9 (¢'98L) OPT-TEST (T'6EL) PRL-FEL (%9 1s) FS-S'6L (%8'F3) B8s-S'1s MOL O[BVOS PUZ SOATOAUL gz oq Avur ‘g Al[eurLoU (9S) €9-TS (49) TL-LS (G6 LEL) LPT-68L (F'0FL) LPT-3&T ‘URI OTJOULYIIAG OY} O}BVOTPUT SosoyzUoIed UL SoINST AT (%E'ss) 8 Es-F'1s } yysuey, [8104 2 + Yysuey TL SMOW O[BIG TO adt14g [B1EZVT] FO WOTZISOg (%6'F3) B'98-0'EG Ajior1ojsod ¢ pue g ‘A[LOTL -o}U8 F JOMOT pue ¢g ‘g soddn OL 10 2 Ajeres ee ee ee ee eee eae oe See ‘jopun QT = Pf 6 N) o1dueg yuosorg 2? OIL pwo shyovig 6 6 LOT ——— = N) 6P6T ‘4}TUIg Mae ‘6 Ayyeworseo00 “g we4FO 4sOUT S[BVIQV[VIsUy g Ajorea ‘f 10 9 s[erqeyerdng T Ajerva ‘2 AT[euotsvoo0 ‘¢g AT[ensn S1IB[NI0}S0g T sie[NI0eL (9°99) 09-€S Olmert (g°99) &L-09 2 slepne) (G'LEL) SFT-O8T ) 66 (BFL) SPT-8ET P S[etpuo A (68 = N) 8&6L “ueu0D 19pOVIVYO 1ayyng peredu0d pwuoyshyovig pues 11917Ng svydoumvys, “F A4RL Barton—Statistical Study of Thamnophis Brachystoma 81 are great enough to render it a recognizably distinct species, that population must of necessity belong to the species from which it has been isolated. The position of the final point of departure in such a situation, that point where the isolated population ceases to be con- specific with the parent stock, depends ultimately upon a subjective evaluation by the reviewer, colored by his own species concept. While caution must be exercised in the erection and continued recognition of species, it seems advisable in the absence of concrete contrary evidence to allow the present practice of regarding buwtleri and brachystoma as distinct species to continue unchanged. Acknowledgments I am indebted to Dr. M. Graham Netting and Mr. Neil D. Richmond of the Carnegie Museum who have made the Carnegie collections and laboratory facilities available for this study, and who have offered most constructive suggestions. Messrs. Robert G. Ward and Robert Riley have kindly prepared Table 3 for reproduction. LITERATURE CITED Arkin, Herbert, and Raymond R. Colton. 1950. Statistical methods as applied to economics, business, psychology, education and biology. Ed. 4, rev. Barnes and Noble, New York. xiv + 224 4+ 47 p. Conant, Roger. 1938. The reptiles of Ohio. Amer. Mid. Nat. 20 (1): 1-200. . 1950. On the taxonomic status of Thamnaphis butleri (Cope). Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 9 (4): 71-77. . 1951. The reptiles of Ohio. Ed. 2. Amer. Mid. Nat. suppl.: 201-284. , Edward S. Thomas and Robert L. Rausch. 1945. The plains garter snake, Thamnophis radix, in Ohio. Copeia (2): 61-68. Klauber, Laurence M. 1940. Two new subspecies of Phyllorhynchus, the leaf-nosed snake, with notes on the genus. Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 9 (20): 195-214. Richmond, Neil D. 1952. First record of the green salamander in Penn- sylvania, and other range extensions in Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia. Ann, Carnegie Mus. 32: 313-318. . 1954. The ground snake, Haldea valeriae, in Pennsylvania and West Virginia with description of new subspecies. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 33: 251-260. Ruthven, Alexander G. 1908. Variations and genetic relationships of the garter snakes. Bull. U. S. National Mus. (61): vii + 201 p. Schmidt, Karl P. 1938. Herpetological evidence for the postglacial east- ward extension of the steppe in North America. Ecology 19 (3): 396- 407. Smith, Albert G. 1945. The status of Thamnophis butleri Cope, and a redescription of Thamnophis brachystoma (Cope). Proce. Biol. Soe. Washington 58: 147-154. . 1949. The subspecies of the plains garter snake, Thamnophis radix. Bull. Chicago Acad. Sei. 8 (14): 285-300. Snedecor, G. W. 1946. Statistical methods applied to experiments in agriculture and biology. Ed. 4. Iowa State Coll. Press, Ames. 485 p. 82 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington erg eo / & SEP 24 1956 LIBRARY, PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Vol. 69, pp. 83-88 September 12, 1956 TWO NEW SPECIES OF CINARA FROM ARIZONA (APHIDAE) By F. C. Horrss The two species described herewith, were sent me as imma- ture specimens by Mr. Dennis Grassi who collected them on branches of Pinus edulis near Springerville, Arizona. It is a pleasure to acknowledge his assistance. It was not until one of the species had been determined as new, that I became aware of the fact that I had taken three specimens a year earlier. Cinara rustica s.sp. Oviparous female. Size and general color:—Length from vertex to end of anal plate vary- ing from 3.00-3.33 mm. Head black slightly powdery. Prothorax black with a few spots of powder. Meso and metathorax black mottled with powder. Anterior portion of abdomen black, almost free from powder, whatever powder is present is confined to a small amount at sides and an indistinet powdery median stripe. Just anterior to the cornicles there is a wide band of powder. The cornicles are black. Median to the cor- nicles there is an indistinct powdery stripe. Surface of abdomen not powdery reticulated, somewhat rough, and with some polish. Posterior portion of abdomen faded black with a greenish tinge. Ventral surface of abdomen powdery, not banded at rear. First antennal segment con- colorous with head, second and third antennal segments pale dusky and uniform in color, fourth and fifth antennal segments pale dusky with ends much darker, sixth segment uniform dark dusky. Metathoracic femora pale at base to about middle, remainder much darker. Hind tibia with short region near base dusky, this followed by a region which is dusky yellow, this region is followed with dark dusky. Tarsi dusky. Cornicles with constricted area much darker than basal region. Posterior to the cornicles there are a few irregular shaped pigmented spots. An- terior to the cauda there are two pigmented spots. Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .34-.375mm., IV .135-.15mm., V .15-.18mm., VI .075-.10 + .03mm. Third antennal segments may be without sensoria, or with one, the fourth antennal segment has the primary sensorium only, the fifth segment has the primary and one secondary senorium, both of these are large and have wide rims. Antennal hair moderately numerous, fine, and with exceptions almost at right angles to segment. On the third segment the hairs vary in length from shorter, to just longer than width of segment. 14—Proc. Bion. Soc. WAsH., Von. 69, 1956 (83) ‘SEP 7 » 10f%e 84 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Extended rostrum reaching’ about to cornicles, last three segments with the following lengths: .21, .19, .08 mm. Hairs on metathoracie femora fine, at right angles to segment, varying in length from much shorter than half width of segment to just under one half width of segment. Hind tibiae varying in length from 1.68-1.80 mm. Hind tibiae only slightly swollen, what little swelling present on basal half of segment. Sensoria on tibiae not typical, not tuberculate, few in number, and very difficult to differentiate, one has the feeling that they are present even if they ean not be seen. Hair on metathoracie tibiae numerous, fine, up- standing except at apex, all shorter than width of segment, many shorter than half width of segment. Mesosternal tubercle absent. Abdomen.—Outer margin of cornicles varying from .40-.48mm. irregu- lar in outline, cornicles with few hairs which are quite uniform in distri- bution. The cornicle hair are slightly longer than the hairs on the dorsum and like them fine. Pigmented spots anterior to cauda with a single row of hairs on the median posterior margin and two rows of hairs more laterally. Cauda clear at base, pigmented portion of cauda setulose, hairs confined largely to the posterior margin, few in number. Apterous viviparous female. This form is described from four specimens, none perfect, having been removed from slides of C. edulis (W) taken in same region as oviparous females. Color in life not noted. Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 3.225-3.37mm. Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .345-.42mm., IB .15-.18mm., V .195-.2lmm., VI .09 + .03- .045mm. Secondary sensoria distributed as follows: III 0-1, IV 1, V 1, primary sensoria present on third, fourth and fifth segments. All anten- nal segments smooth. Hair as in oviparous female. Last three segments of the rostrum with the following lengths: .195-.21, .18, .075mm. Ocular tubercles small. Mesosternal tubercle absent. Cornicles black with few hairs, outer margin of cornicle very irregular. Dorsum of abdomen reticu- lated. Region of abdomen between cornicles dull in color and slightly darker than rest of abdomen. Dorsum of abdomen with few hairs dis- tinetly fewer than on ventral surface, but of same type and about the same length. Pigmented areas anterior to cauda divided, with single row of hairs on the posterior margin, anterior to these areas, there are two, more or less extensive pigmented areas. All four pigmented areas with a setulose surface. Cauda rather short, much narrower than anal plate. Genital plate with very few hairs, mid anterior region free from hairs. This species keys to Cinara burrilli (W) in Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara in ‘‘ Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region.’’ Although the oviparous female of burrilli has not been described, it is thought to dif- fer considerably from that species. For example the hair of burrilli are fewer and shorter, the cornicles much less extensive, fewer and less up- standing hairs on the antennae, and different host. Despite the fact that C. rustica keys to C. burrilli it is perhaps more elosely allied to C. terminalis G.&P. from which it differs in having many more hairs on antennae and tibiae, shorter hairs on the tibiae, larger cornicles, and in distribution of powder, and in color. Holotype: Oviparous female, reared on twig of Pinus edulis Grand Junction, Colo. Oct. 10, 1955. This specimen was sent me as an imma- Hottes—Two New Species of Cinara from Arizona 85 ture specimen, by Mr. Dennis Grassi who collected it on Pinus edulis near Springerville, Arizona. Morphotype: Apterous viviparous female, taken on Pinus edulis Springerville, Arizona, June 11, 1954. Both types deposited in the United States National Museum. This species feeds on the bark of twigs which are several years old. Cinara metalica n.sp. Oviparous female. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to end of anal plate vary- ing from 3.37-3.60mm. Head thorax and abdomen, anterior to cornicles mottled with mealy powder which is thicker on the abdomen than on the head and thorax. Under the powder and on areas free from it, the color may best be described as a cinnamon-brown with a pinkish east, this color is reflected onto the powder making it look pinkish. Cornicles with only constricted area dark dusky-brown, remainder of cornicles con- colorous with band between cornicles which is light brownish suggestive of velvet. This band has a short median very light stripe of powder. Posterior to the cornicles, the abdomen is a light tan-brown, this area is shining and has a metallic luster, this area is reticulated and has a slight amount of powder in the mid dorsal region. The ventral portion of the head, thorax and abdomen anterior to cornicles is powdery, this powder is carried upwards on the sides of the abdomen as a sharp pointed band. First two antennal segments concolorous with head. Third fourth and fifth antennal segments pale yellow, with apical regions progressively more and more dusky brown. Sixth antennal segment brown. Femora pale on basal half shading to dusky brown. Tibiae dark dusky brown near base becoming yellowish dusky, and shading quickly to blackish-brown. Tars black. Head and thorax.—Length of antennal segments as follows: III .34- .43mm., IV .10-.17mm., V .18-.25mm., VI .10-.12 + .04mm. Sensoria dis- tributed as follows: III neither secondary or primary, IV no secondary, primary sensorium present or absent, V one secondary, primary present. Hair on antennae moderately few, of various lengths of which only two or three on the third segment are longer than width of segment. An- tennal hair fine, set at an angle of about sixty degrees. Primary sensoria on fifth and sixth antennal segments large and with wide rims. Mar- ginal sensoria bunched near primary. Sixth antennal segment much wider proximal to primary sensorium tapering from this region to each end. Median transverse suture well developed very dark. Dorsum of head with few hairs. Head little if any wider than prothorax. No specimen with extended rostrum. Hind tibiae varying from 1.87-2.35mm. in length. First tarsal segment .09-.l11mm. Second tarsal segment. 21-.24mm. in length. Hair on hind tibiae numerous, fine, those on the outer margin slightly longer and more numerous than those on the inner margin. The longest hair are less than half width of tibiae, and are set at an angle of forty-five degrees or less. The sensoria on the hind tibiae are not numerous, they are tubereulate, and searee beyond the middle. The tibiae are scarcely swollen, and the sensoria are difficult to differentiate. Abdomen.—The outer margin of the cornicles varies from .24-.30mm. The margin is irregular. The cornicles are two toned, the constricted 86 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington area is much darker than the margin, the two regions being incompletely separated by clear areas. The constricted area is acentric in position, being closer to the posterior margin of the cornicle. Hair on cornicles sparse, restricted almost to an irregular row and a double row on the constricted area. Dorsum of abdomen with few hairs, hairs much more numerous on ventral surface. Pigmented spots anterior to cauda rather narrow with a single row of hairs on posterior margin. Alate male. This form is described from a single specimen, found dead on the sur- face of the water in the moat surrounding the cage containing the branch on which it had developed. It was one of two immature males sent me from Arizona. When the two were observed alive the next to the last time, it was noted that they were about to become adult, they seemed very nervous and active, hence they were caged, but the cage was never placed within a moat. The next day one specimen had escaped and extra precautions were taken to prevent the escape of the remaining specimen. At that time it was not suspected that the remaining male was already an adult, with undeveloped wings, but such was the case. This must have been true of the specimen that escaped. It should be noted that this form is described as an alate although the wings are mear pads, there is no quesetion that the specimen is adult, as is indicated by the sensoria on the antennae, and the harpagones. Length from vertex to end of anal plate 2.17mm. Color not closely observed, when alive it is recalled that there was little powder. Length of antennal segments as follows: III .48mm., IV .16mm., V .25mm., VI 12 + .04mm. Sensoria distributed as follows: III 42-45, on this seg- ment the sensoria are very small, almost minute, distributed over most of surface except extreme base, some are larger than others, all are tubereulate. IV six sensoria irregularly arranged, but confined to one side of segment, neither this segment or the third, appear to have primary sensoria, if such are present they are small, and look like secondary sensoria for which they were taken. V three large secondary sensoria arranged in a row, plus primary sensorium. Hair on third antennal seg- ment fairly numerous, quite upstanding, in length about equal to width of segment. Lateral lobes of thorax with many hairs on inner margins. Metathoracie femora 1.01mm. in length, with many fine, upstanding hairs, which are considerably shorter than width of segment. Length of hind tibiae 1.725mm. Hair on hind tibiae numerous, about as long as width of tibiae in mid region, and slightly shorter near the base, near the apex the hairs are slightly longer than the width of the tibiae. Tibial hairs more upstanding near basal region, and forming an angle of about forty-five degrees near the basal region, and forming an angle of about along the anterior margin. Cornicles with base measuring about .255mm. the constricted portion of the cornicle is acentric, being closer to the posterior margin of the cornicle. Harpagones short, bluntly pointed, with many hairs. Cauda with few hairs, confined largely to the posterior margin. Holotype: oviparous female, Allotype: alate male. Both reared on branch of Pinus edulis sent from Springerville, Arizona by Mr. Dennis Grassi. Both slides deposited in the United States National Museum. Hottes—Two New Species of Cinara from Arizona 87 Male taken Grand Junction, Colorado, Oct. 5, 1955. Oviparous female taken Grand Junction, Colorado Oct. 3, 1955. This species known only from the oviparous females and the male, may be distinguished at once from other species on Pinus edulis by its color, distribution and extensiveness of powder. Oviparous females are apt to be taken for C. pinona H when mounted, perhaps because both species have two toned cornicles. However antennal segments differ in length, the fourth segment being much shorter. The short fourth antennal segment distinguishes this species at once from C. edulis (W) as will be noted in Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara in ‘‘Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region.’’ It should be noted that Palmer’s key is probably not intended to key oviparous females, it may be so used in this case. When so used the species keys to C. burrilli (W) more nearly than any other. C. burrilli is not known from the oviparous female, I would expect this form to differ from the oviparous form of burrilli in number of hairs on the tibiae, the hairs not being so upstand- ing and in the fourth antennal segment being shorter than the fifth, and in color and powder. Both Cinara pinona H and Cinara metalica may in life be distinguished at once from C. edulis (W) by the color of the tibiae. 88 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington ZATHSON, SEP 24 1956 LIBRARY PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Vol. 69, pp. 89-92 September 12, 1956 DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME UNDESCRIBED FORMS OF CINARA (APHIDAE) By F. C. Hortrs As a result of Aphid collecting in 1955 it is possible to add the following descriptions to the known Aphid forms. Two of the forms described were taken by Dr. L. G. Gentner and it is a pleasure to acknowledge his generous help. Cinara aneai H&E. Alate male. Color not observed in life. Single specimen cleared. Head and an- tennae black. Thorax black. Abdomen with cornicles dark dusky, dorsun with several rows of brownish pigmented spots, some of these appear % surround wax gands. Femora in life most likely black, slightly lighten near base. Tibiae and tarsi uniform black. Length from vertex to end of anal plate 3.37mm. Antennal segments with the following lengths as follows: III .64mm., IV .25mm., V .31mm., VI .13 + .04mm. Distribution of sensoria as fol- lows: ITI 82-92, on this segment the sensoria vary slightly in size, all are tuberculate, and cover nearly all of the surface. Hair on the third antennal segment few, very scarce on posterior margin, longest longer than width of segment but less than twice width of segment, all up- standing, Primary sensorium on third antennal segment difficult to dif- ferentiate from secondary and may not be present, but mistaken for such. Fourth antennal segment with thirteen secondary sensoria, pri- mary sensorium probably not present, the secondary sensoria on this are lacking on the anterior surface. The fifth segment has seven secondary sensoria, arranged in an irregular row on the posterior margin, the pri- mary sensorium on this segment is large and has a wide rim. Marginal sensoria on the sixth segment few, close to the primary and difficult to differentiate. Width of head through the eyes .75mm. Median transverse suture black, well developed Lateral ocelli large clear, outstanding be- cause of the dark color of head. Rostrum extending just beyond meta- thoracic coxae. Ocular tubercles well developed. Second fork of media closer to margin of wing than to first fork. Hind tibiae 2.14mm. in length, hair on tibiae numerous, longer and more numerous on outer margin than on inner, the longest hair about twice width of tibiae. Hair on ventral surface at apex of tibiae short and numerous, the dorsal sur- face of the tibiae in this region is free from hair, Hair on ventral sur- face of second tarsal segment very sparse, much shorter than those on the 15—Proc. Bion. Soc. WaAsu., Vou. 69, 1956 (89) Ty re 90 Proceedings ofthe Biological Society of Washington 5 dorsal surface. Cornicles shallow, outer rim about .375 mm. opening of cornicles acentric. aleyyue alate male. Taken on Pinus albicaulis Crater Lake, Oregon, Sept. 2, 1955. Collected by L. G. Gentner. This type has been deposited in the Wuited States National Museum. Apterous viviparous female. Dr. Louis G. Gentner who collected the material from which this form is described, describes the color of living specimens as follows ‘‘ General body color yellowish-brown, varying in darkness in different individuals, disk of dorsum of abdomen with interrupted transverse white powdery lines, producing a whitish and brownish mottled appearance. Cornicles dark, surrounded by a pale area. Appendages light brownish-yellow with distal portion of femora, tibiae and tarsi dark.’’ Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 3.52-3.87mm. Antennal segments with the following Ingths: III .60-.63mm., IV .24- 215mm., V .20mm., VI .14 + .045mm. Sensoria distributed as follows: three, with primary only, four, zero to one secondary, plus primary, five, one to two secondary, plus primary. Marginal sensoria small, few in number, not more than four as few as three, arranged in a row very close to the primary, difficult to differentiate in most cases. Hxtended rostrum reaching to mid region of metathoracic coxae, or with segments three four and five beyond. Metathoracic tibiae varying from 2.62- 3.00mm, Hair on tibiae abundant, set at an angle of about forty-five degrees, in length slightly less than width of tibiae, or subequal to width. Hair on tibiae occasionally dull at the tip but not as much as in the ease of C. curvipes (P). First segment of hind tarsis with about fifteen hairs on the ventral surface. Second segment of hind tarsis with hairs on ventral surface more numerous, finer, and shorter than those on the dorsal surface. First metatarsal segment .11-.13mm., second tarsal seg- ment .27-.33mm. Cornicles varying from .60-.65mm. across outer margin, rather oval in outline with margin rather irregular, but never deeply indented. Mid dorsal region of abdomen posterior to cornicles with about four rather large irregular shaped pigmented spots, these spots may vary in position and size. The two pigmented spots anterior to the cauda with two rows of hairs. Abdomen with numerous long fine hairs. Cauda with basal region pale, hairs on cauda confined largely to margins, the hair on the mid dorsal region few and short. Genital plate crescent shaped with few long hairs confined largely to the ends. Morphotype apterous viviparous female deposited in the United States National Museum. Taken on branches of Pinus albicaulis by beating branches by L. G. Gentner, at Crater Lake, Oregon, Sept. 2, 1955. Oviparous female. The color of this form was observed by Dr. L. G. Gentner as similar to that of the viviparous female, except that the tip of the abdomen beyond the cornicles and the under side is solid white due to powdery deposit. Hind tibiae only slightly swollen, sensoria on tibiae numerous, tuberculate, not located on apical fourth of segment, or on the dark portion of the tibiae near the base. Morphotype apterous oviparous female, deposited in the United States National Museum. Data same as for viviparous female. Hottes—Description of Undescribed Forms of Cinara 91 Cinara wahtoleca H. Alate male, Size and general color.—Length from vertex to end of anal plate vary- ing from 2.55-2.85mm. Head, thorax and abdomen, except for cornicles which are black, highly pulverulent, almost mealy. Antennae except for the extreme base of third segment black. Pro and mesothoracic femora black, metathoracic femora with basal half pale, remainder black. All tibiae black, with portion proximal half somewhat lighter in color. Ocular tubercles extremely small, extended rostrum reaching just be- yond cornicles. Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .555- .60mm., IV .25mm., V .27-.33mm., VI .11-.12 + .04mm. Sensoria distrib- uted as follows: III 58-72, most specimens with about 70, IV 13-18 each number represented by one case, most common numbers 14 and 15, VI none. On the third segment the sensoria are extremely tuberculate, cover all sides of the segment and vary much in size, the primary sensorium if present on this segment is like the secondary. The hair on the third segment is sparse, and is set at an angle of about sixty degrees. The sensoria on the fourth segment are irregularly arranged over most of the surface, they vary little in size, the primary sensorium is present, is large and has a wide rim. The sensoria on the fifth segment are confined largely to one side of the segment but are not arranged in a row, the primary sensorium is large and has a wide rim. All segments of the antennae are smooth except for the ends of the fifth and sixth segments which are lightlly imbricated. The median posterior lobe of the thorax with few hairs, which are confined to the apical half of lobe. Second fork of media closer to margin of wing than to the first. Hind tibiae vary- ing from 1.96-2.10mm. in length. Hind tarsal segments with the follow- ing lengths: .105mm. for the first segment and .225-.25mm. for the see- ond. Hair on hind tibiae fine, not numerous, the longest three times width of tibiae, the shortest longer than width, but less than two times width of tibiae. Hairs on ventral surface of first tarsal segment con- fined to the apical three fourths of segment. Cornicles shallow with ir- regular outer rim. Hair on cornicles abundant, irregularly arranged, width of cornicles varying from .25-.30mm. Genital plate long and nar- row, hair on genital plate uniformly arranged. Gonapophyses black, pro- vided with medium short hairs. Allotype alate male, deposited in the United States National Mu- seum. Reared on branch of Pinus edulis, Grand Junction, Colorado. Taken Oct. 22, 1955. Males of this species are extremely active after becoming adult, to obtain them, it was necessary to transfer immature specimens to small branches and eage securely. Cinara nitidula H. Apterous male. Size and General color.—Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 1.30-2.07mm, Free from all powder, shining, as if highly polished, dark tan to brown. Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .36mm., IV .135- 5mm., V .15-.20mm., VI .09-.10 + .05mm. Sensoria distributed as fol- lows: III 20-29 most abundant on apical half of segment, for the most 92 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington part very small, all tubereulate, irregularly arranged. The sensoria should not be confused with the raised clear areas from which the an- tennal hairs arise. The primary sensorium on the third segment if present is like the secondary. The sensoria on the fourth segment are confined largely to one side of the segment, they vary in size, with at least one rather large, the primary sensorium is present but small. The fifth segment has from four to six secondary sensoria, these are confined largely to one side of the segment, but they are not arranged in a row, the primary sensorium on this segment is large and has a wide rim. The ocular tubercles are large. The extended rostrum may reach almost to the end of the abdomen. The tibiae of the metathoracic legs are 1.35mm. in length. The cornicles vary from .40-.52mm. across their outer mar- gins. The genital plate is long and narrow, it is indented in the center of its anterior margin. Gonapophyses black, small, rather blunt. Oviparous female. Similar in all respects, except for the hind tibiae to the apterous viviparous female, and like it shining and free from powder on the dor- sum. Hind tibiae varying from 1.65-1.85mm. provided with numerous sensoria. The sensoria are hardly typical, few are tuberculate, most are difficult to differentiate, they extend the full length of the tibiae which are very little swollen. The color of this form may vary from dark tan through dark brown to almost black, the black forms appearing last. Stemmothers of this species taken May 28, 1955 in the type locality were at first not associated with specimens of C. nitidula, they were black, highly polished, with the dorsum of the abdomen reticulated. Allotype apterous male, reared on branch of Pinwus edulis, Grand Junction, Colo. Oct. 10, 1955, deposited in the United States National Museum. Specimens of this form because of their small size are difficult to collect. Morphotype apterous oviparous female reared on branch of Pinus edulis Grand Junction, Colorado, Oct. 22, 1955. The type of this form has been deposited in the United States National Museum. Ap- parently alate viviparous females of this species are produced at ran- dom throughout the season. Pinus edulis is widely distributed in western Colorado, however this species of Cinara appears to have an extremely limited range, I have only taken it on four trees all within a small area. Given a branch of its ‘‘type tree’’ or one similar to it, it is very easy to rear, transferred to a branch from a dissimilar tree of the same species it dies. As near as I can determine a tree in order to be a host for this species, must have the terminal branches a deep-yellow, with large yel- lowish scales at the base of the needles. Trees with the bark of the terminal branches gray or greenish, no matter how vigorous are not suit- able for this species. Other species of Cinara which have Pinus edulis for their host appear to be just as specific in their needs. I suspect that these requirements are in some way associated with the ecological and nutritional needs of the individual species, which the Aphid worker of the future will work out. At present it may suffice, to be aware of the fact that species feeding on edulis have definite preferences, and that it is not enough just to look on this host for a given species, but that one must look for trees which meet the requirements of the species looked for. =o eed SEP 24 1956 Vol. 69, pp. 93-104 eptember 12, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF THE UNGAVA PENINSULA! By Francis HARPER Knowledge of the herpetofauna of this region has been ac- cumulating for nearly a century, but only a little at a time until the last few years. The contributions of the nineteenth century (Hind, 1863; Packard, 1866, 1891; Stearns, 1883; Turner, 1888) are quite meager. Some of the later ones, like- wise, consist of little more than scanty notes on one or two of the species comprising the fauna. Trapido and Clausen (1938) provide a very useful discussion of all the amphibians and reptiles known from the Ungava Peninsula. Although their own field work barely touched the southwestern border of the peninsula (in the Lake St. John area), they cite records from the litera- ture and list museum specimens from various points along the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Patch (1939; 1949) gives distribu- tional and taxonomic notes on Rana sylvatica cantabrigensis from sev- eral points in the peninsula. Hildebrand (1949) presents excellent notes on the ecology and development of that species in the Fort Chimo area. Several other recent writers (Patch, 1949; Gabrielson and Wright, 1951; Bleakney, 1955) treat the Wood Frog as a new discovery in that locality, apparently overlooking Turner’s report (1888: 82) of ‘‘two or three species of frogs,’’ which must have been based upon the Wood Frog alone, and also Polunin’s report (1949: 114) of a few ‘‘tadpoles’’ at Fort Chimo in 1946. Backus (1954) provides distributional records and life-history notes for Bufo and three species of Rana. Bleakney (1955) gives range extensions of eight amphibians in the peninsula. Finally, Logier and Toner (1955) publish an extremely useful summation of dis- tributional records of amphibians and reptiles in all of Canada and Alaska. The interior of the Ungava Peninsula is still so little known to the general public that it seems desirable to indicate the geographical posi- 1The present communication represents one of the minor results of my biological investigations in the Ungava Peninsula in 1953. These investigations were sup- ported by the Arctic Institute of North America (through contractual arrange- ments with the Office of Naval Research) and by the Research and Development Division, Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army. The results are being prepared for publication under a grant from the National Science Foundation. ; Reproduction in whole or in part is permitted for any purpose of the United States Government. 16—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VoL. 69, 1956 (93) REE Bie ae GOCtl « 94 Proceedingsof the Biological Society of Washington ton and at least the approximate altitude of the localities where my notes and material were secured: Altitude Latitude Longitude (feet) Attikamagen Lake, Northwest Bay 54° 59'N. 66° 41’ W. 1,536 Carol Lake 58° 04’ N. 66° 58’ W. 2,000 Knob Lake 54° 48’ N. 66° 49’ W. 1,645 Lae Aulneau 57°01’N. 68° 38’ W. 510 Lace La Cosa 54° 52’ N. 66° 55’ W. 1,590 Mile 224 Airstrip 53° 02’ N. 66° 15’ W. 1,790 Muriel Lake 54° 01’ N. 73° 26’ W. 1,100 Attikamagen and Carol Lakes and Mile 224 Airstrip are in Labrador; the other localities, in Quebec. For marked courtesies and very substantial assistance in my field work, I am indebted to numerous officials and employees of the Iron Ore Com- pany of Canada. Francis McKenzie kindly supplied the Montagnais In- dian names of Cope’s Toad and the Northern Wood Frog. Through the courtesy of Dr. Doris M. Cochran, Associate Curator, Division of Reptiles and Amphibians, United States National Museum, I am enabled to add a number of records from material in that institu- tion. My own specimens will be deposited there. Roger Conant has kindly read the manuscript of this paper. Accounts of Species Bufo terrestris copei Yarrow and Henshaw. Cope’s Toad; Crapaud (French); Nik (Montagnais). “Hudson Bay Toad’’ is not a particularly appropriate name for this subspecies. At the time of its original description (Yarrow and Hen- shaw, 1878: 207; type locality, ‘‘Hudson’s Bay; James Bay’’), and for a great many years thereafter, it was not recorded from any specific locality on Hudson Bay proper. It is only recently that it has been re- corded (Netting and Goin, 1946) at a single point on that bay—Great Whale River, far down on the eastern coast. Yarrow and Henshaw remark (1878: 207): ‘‘A large number of speci- mens collected by Kennerly in the neighborhood of Hudson’s Bay are in the Smithsonian collection.’’ It would appear that this statement is based upon specimens of ‘‘ Bufo copei’’ (USMN No. 5377) collected by Robert Kennicott (not C. B. R. Kennerly) in 1859 at Selkirk Settlement, southeastern Manitoba. (Only two specimens of this serial number remain; perhaps there were more originally.) This locality is scarcely ‘‘in the neighborhood of Hudson’s Bay,’’ being about 550 miles from the nearest point on it. There may be a little uncertainty about this locality as en- tered in the National Museum’s catalogue (Doris M. Cochran, in litt., January 11, 1956); but, in any event, Kennicott approached Hudson Bay at no nearer point that Norway House, near the north end of Lake Winnipeg (cf. Preble, 1908: 70). Apparently Kennerly never was any- where in the Hudson Bay drainage (cf. Hume, 1942: 243-263). Finally, Logier and Toner (1955: 25, map 24) refer most of the records of Bufo from southeastern Manitoba to americanus, and none at all to copei. Thus ‘‘Hudson’s Bay,’’ as part of the originally designated type local- ity, would appear to be completely erroneous. Harper—Amphibians, Reptiles of Ungava Pemnsula 95 Six specimens were obtained in 1953 at Seven Islands on the Gulf and at Carol, Knob, and Muriel Lakes in the interior; and another individual was observed near Mile 224 Airstrip. At dusk on May 25 I heard two individuals trilling at a woodland pool north of Seven Islands. It was a calm and almost cloudless evening, with a nearly full moon about two hours high. I estimated the tempera- ture at 55°. The duration of eight almost consecutive trills ranged from 8 to 11 seconds (average, 8.9). The intervals between these trills ranged from 6 to 10 seconds (average, 8.3). On the following morning I found a toad caught in a mouse trap at the mossy edge of this pool, among willow, spruce, Labrador tea, and grass. On May 28 half a dozen others were trilling at dusk at a meadow pool close to Seven Islands Bay, and they so continued for the better part of an hour, at least. The temperature was estimated at 55°-57°. The trills seemed to last for 10-11 seconds. On the following cloudy morn- ing at 10.55 (temp. about 60°), in the same locality, one or two toads were trilling and one was found in a mouse trap in a little thicket of alder, sweet gale, bunchberry, and grass. No eggs were found in the pool where the toads had been trilling the previous evening. On May 30 two individuals were taken from mouse traps in the same locality. On the same day, in bright sunshine about 1 p. m. (temp. about 60°), a toad was heard trilling east of Seven Islands, probably in an alder swale. Hleven days after my arrival at Knob Lake, the first Bufo was heard during the evening of June 14, at a pool beside the seaplane base. By August the pool contained a good growth of horsetail (Hquisetum limo- sum) and bur-reed (Sparganium hyperboreum). This single toad gave several trills of approximately 8 seconds’ duration about 10.55 p. m. (temp. 55°); several more up to 10.07 a. m. the next day (temp. 72°); and again during the afternoon and evening of the 15th. That sunny day, with a temperature of 77° at 3.57 p. m., was probably the warmest of the season up to that time. Between 3 and 4 p. m. the duration of 21 ealls ranged from 4 to 7 seconds (average, 5.6); the intervals between these calls, from 6 to 38 seconds (average, 17.4). After violent rain during the night of June 15, the toad was calling at 7:30 the next morning (temp. about 56°); and again on the 17th about 11:30 p.m. (temp. about 44°). After intermittent rain on June 18, trills were heard from the same pool during the late evening (temp. about 50°); three of them were timed at 10, 12, and 10 seconds. After 5 on the sunny afternoon of June 21 (temp. 62°), seven trills lasted from 4 to 7 sec- onds (average, 5.4); the intervals between them, from 12 to 22 seconds (average, 16.3). This individual was calling again about 10:50-11:55 p. m. As I stood practically over it, it appeared to be the most bril- liantly colored Bufo I had ever seen (figs. 1, 2). The black blotches on its distended vocal sac were very pronounced. Kodachromes of the living toad, taken two days later, show that its bright colors occur principally on certain of the lighter areas that are situated between the dark markings. They appear as a sort of ochraceous red at the anterior insertion of the hind limbs, on the under side of the femora, and on the tarsi and toes. There is a similar but paler coloration on the arms and adjacent parts of the dorsum. The upper jaw, the parotoids, and some of the anterior dorsal tubercles are reddish brown. After collecting this toad on the 21st, I neither saw nor heard others 96 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington about Knob Lake; it may have been the only one at the pool. I noticed no particular quality of the voice that would distinguish B. t. copet from B. t. americanus; but the duration of the trills apparently tends to be shorter in the former, especially if we consider only those at Knob Lake. This lake was the northernmost point at which I found the species. Another specimen was collected at Muriel Lake on June 29 by Robert Staulker and brought to me by Jean P. Labrecque, both of the RCAF. At Carol Lake I stumbled upon an individual among shrubbery close to the shore in the dusk on September 8. It uttered a few squeaks and chirrups as I handled it. On September 13 Wilfrid Emond captured another in a dwarf birch thicket about 75 feet from the same lake. The final record of the season was obtained on the rainy afternoon of Sep- tember 19 (temp. 49°), when I found a brightly colored Bufo in a ‘‘string bog’’ near Mile 224 Airstrip. Snow had fallen there two or three days previously. The three September records may be indicative of the sort of habitats preferred at the non-breeding season: more or less open forest borders and bogs, rather than deep coniferous timber. Two males from Seven Islands are a little smaller than one from Knob Lake. (All three exhibit nuptial pads on the first and second fingers.) The throats of the Seven Island specimens, while slightly dusky, are not distinctly spotted. The venter and hind limbs are not so heavily spotted or blotched in these as in speciments from Knob Lake and other interior localities. In color characters the Seven Islands specimens ap- parently show an approach toward B. t. americanus (cf. Logier and Toner, 1955: 26-27, map 25). At the time of capture or field observa- tion I made note of the rich coloration (particularly in the groin and on the hind limbs) of specimens at Seven Islands (male, May 26), Knob Lake (male, June 21), Carol Lake (sex?, September 13), and Mile 224 Airstrip (sex?, September 19). After more than two years in preserva- tive, the specimen from Muriel Lake (female, June 29) has a remnant of such coloration. On the other hand, one of the specimens from Carol Lake (male?, September 8) lacked it in life. Thus the reddish colora- tion is apparently not a secondary sexual character. Three males (Seven Islands, May 26 and 29, and Knob Lake, June 21) have, respectively, the following measurements: length (snout to vent), 61, 57, 60; elbow to tip of third finger, 31, 29, 33; intergenual extent, 52, 48, 56; tibia, 24.5, 23, 25.5; whole hind foot, 40, 35, 42. A female (Muriel Lake, June 29)—so determined by lack of nuptial pads on the fingers—is the largest specimen of the series, with the following measurements: 74-36-58-28-46. Two specimens have certain fingers that are represented by mere stubs: the second on the left hand in a male from Seven Islands, and the second on the right and the fourth on the left in a male? from Carol Lake. The vocal season at Knob Lake seemed to commence at least 20 days later than at Seven Islands (where I had been for three days before hearing the first toad on May 25). In each locality the temperature at the time of noticing the first trills was approximately 55°; but at Knob Lake subsequent trilling was heard at temperatures as low as 44° (June 17) and approximately 50° (June 18), and as high as 77° (June 15). This state of affairs is in substantial accord with my experience with B. t. americanus in Massachusetts: ‘‘ Although the American Toad gen- erally does not commence its song season until the temperature has risen Harper—Amophibians, Reptiles of Ungava Peninsula 97 to about 60°, it will nevertheless continue to trill on subsequent days at considerably lower temperatures’? (Harper, 1928: 5). A few locality records from the Ungava Peninsula, supplementary to those published by Logier and Toner (1955: 27), may be offered here: Natashquan (J. J. Audubon, in M. R. Audubon, 1897: 366, 371; Town- send, 1918: 64); Northwest River (Kindle, 1924: 38); Paradise River (Austin, 1932: 9); Matamek River, Mary River, and Seal River (Trapido and Clausen, 1938: 120); Lake Albanel (Godfrey, 1949: 8); Mile 134 and Menihek Lake (Bleakney, 1955: 165). In the U. S. National Mu- seum there are about 30 Bufo tadpoles (No. 129266), approximately 15 mm. in length, that were collected at St. Lewis River on July 14, 1949, by David C. Nutt. At Knob Lake this species is close to the southern limit of perma- frost (cf. Thomas, 1953: chart 8-1). Apparently no Bufo is able to transcend that barrier. Rana sylvatica cantabrigensis Baird. Northern Wood Frog; Omatshiskok (Montagnais). On May 25, at dusk, a Wood Frog was calling at the same woodland pool as some Cope’s Toads, near Seven Islands. The note sounded like ctuck, ctuck, ctuck; ctuck, ctuck (three and two in a series). Then nine additional consecutive calls consisted of two notes (five times) or three notes (three times) or just a single note (once). The species was next heard on June 5 at a marshy pool beside the seaplane base at Knob Lake, where it was also joined in vocalizing by Bufo at a later date (June 14). The guttural notes (mostly single) sounded at 10:35 p. m. (temp. 34°). There was a nearly cloudless sky and a northerly breeze; most of the nearby lakes were still partly cov- ered with ice. It is a hardy frog that will prepare for breeding under such conditions. The calling on the 6th seemed to commence about 1 p. m. in broad sunshine, with a little wind and at a temperature of 52°. A number of frogs were sprawled out singly on the surface of the pool, which was about 6 inches deep; their arms were dangling pretty straight downward, while their legs were widely spread. The clucks were generally uttered singly, but were occasionally extended into a rapid series of seven or eight or more notes. The sound here took on a rolling or rattling character: c-r-r-uck. The frog was apt to start swimming ahead as it clucked, at least when it gave more than one note in a series. There were evidently no regular intervals between the calls; these seemed to be given just as the mood happened to strike the frog. The calls continued during the evening, 8 to 11:30 p. m. On the following balmy, sunny, and comparatively calm day (esti- mated temp. at 8 a. m. 57°) no voices were heard from this pool until toward evening; then, from about 7 to 11 p. m. (estimated temp. 50°), there was active calling. During the afternoon a Wood Frog had been heard at a little pond on the opposite side of Knob Lake. Again on the 8th the frogs in the pool by the camp were heard only from 9:20 to 10 p. m., when rain was falling (temp. about 45°-50°). During snow and drizzle on the 9th silence prevailed until 10:50 p. m. (temp. 41°), when two or three frogs called desultorily. This time the note sounded like et-a-ruck, as it was uttered either singly or in a series of perhaps half a dozen or so. 98 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Whereas Rana s. sylvatica in New Jersey evidently prefers the day- light hours for its vocal efforts during the main breeding season in March, its Ungava relatives seem to have a greater liking for the few hours of darkness in June. Thus, on the sunshiny day of June 10 (temp. about 40°-55°) no frogs were heard until evening; they then called ae- tively from 9:50 to 10:40 p. m. (estimated temp. 42°). On the next day several were in voice at 5:50 p. m. (estimated temp. 60°), and there was a strong chorus at 10:50 p. m. (estimated temp. 40°). On the 12th there was a little calling at 10:40 p. m. (estimated temp. 52°); and likewise on the 13th (a mild, sunny day) at 11:07 p. m. On the 14th there was a moderate chorus at 10:30 p. m. (estimated temp. 55°), followed for the first time in this area by the trilling of Bufo. On June 15 there was a little desultory calling in the camp pool at 10:07 a. m. (temp. 72°), and more at 9:40 p. m.; also on the 17th at 9 p. m. (estimated temp. 48°). After intermittent drizzle on the 18th, the clucking was heard from 9:52 to 11 p. m. (temp. 50°-52°). A Wood Frog was seen in a nearby willow swamp on the 19th. Single frogs were calling in the camp pool on the 20th (9 p. m., temp. about 41°), on the 21st (10:50-10:55 p. m., temp. 54°), and on the 23rd—a mostly cloudy day, with intermittent showers (morning and afternoon, temp. 55°). On this last date a mass of eggs, with developing embryos, was floating in the pool; it was about 4 inches in diameter. Two tadpoles, approximately 11 mm. in length, were collected on this date, and a number of others were seen. On June 24 the following notes were made upon a live male, captured the day before: dorsum, including side of body and upper side of limbs, olive-drab; a much paler vertebral stripe, snout to vent; slightly buffier or browner stripes on the dorso-lateral folds, bordered on each side by narrow black, more or less broken, stripes; half a dozen low tubercles on each side of vertebral stripe; lower half of rump (from a point halfway down the sacral slope to the vent) largely black; each side of body with about eight or nine small tubercles and with a slightly larger number of black spots; a light stripe (of same color as the ver- tebral) extending along upper side of femur on its distal half, posterior side of tibia, and outer side of tarsus and fifth toe; iris pale golden; black stripe before the eye virtually limited to a narrow streak just be- low the canthus rostralis; upper margin of jaw pale grayish; preorbital and tympanic areas slightly darker, with dusky spots; a short black stripe at anterior insertion of arm; upper surface of limbs with small black spots; throat and venter pale creamy; under surface of hind limbs pale flesh color. These notes may be amplified as follows. In the above-mentioned specimen and in another from Lac La Cosa, the triangular area between the eye and the shoulder, including the tympanum, has a ground eolor similar to that of the dorsum, and is blotched only in part (especially behind the tympanum) with black. In R. s. sylvatica, on the other hand, this whole triangular area is more or less solid black. The fairly promi- nent dark stripe along the lower jaw in sylvatica is practically absent in these specimens of cantabrigensis. One or several Wood Frogs were calling in the camp pool at Knob Lake on June 24 in light rain at 10:45 p. m. (temp. 35°), and one or two on the foliowing day at 10:48 p. m. (temp. 40°) and 11:20 p.m. In Harper—Amphibians, Reptiles of Ungava Peninsula 99 early July, at the Northwest Bay of Attikamagen Lake, Douglas Loring eaught a Wood Frog, but lost it. At Lac Aulneau Norman Sliter re- ported frogs calling in a little pond about the middle of June. In a muskeg in that locality, on July 26, I made a vain effort to capture a very small, bright-colored Wood Frog. Robert Slipp spoke of seeing frogs more than once in bogs several miles south of Lac Aulneau. Gilbert Simard presented me with a specimen taken near Lac La Cosa in July. Its arms are far less robust than those of the male of June 23, the webbing of the toes is much less extensive, and the first finger is not swollen—these characters indicating that the specimen is a female. The left leg is a stump, consisting merely of the femur; this has the ap- pearance of being the result of an accident, rather than a congenital de- fect (cf. Trapido and Clausen, 1938: 123). Extreme temperatures at which I found the species in voice were: 34° (June 5), 35° (June 24), and 72° (June 15). Other records of actual or estimated temperatures ranged from 40° to 60°, slightly more ocecur- ring between 50° and 60° than between 40° and 50°. The measurements of the adult male and the adult female are, respec- tively: length, 41, 43.5; width of head (at posterior end of glandular fold along jaw), 17, 17; elbow to tip of third finger, 18, 20; intergenual extent, 44, 45; tibia, 21, 23; whole hind foot, 33, 36. These specimens are definitely more slender and lighter in weight than others from north- western Canada. The weights of preserved specimens (with light paper labels attached) are: one adult male and two adult females from south- western Keewatin, 8.1, 11.8, and 11.1 g.; one adult male from Churchill, Manitoba, 9.8; two adult females from southern Yukon, 9.4, 10.9; adult male and female (the latter with one leg missing below the femur) from northern Quebec, 6.1, 5.9. Thus the two last weigh only about two- thirds as much as specimens from northwestern Canada. The width of head shows a corresponding but less pronounced difference: six speci- mens from northwestern Canada, average 18.8; two specimens from northern Quebec, average 17. Some of the other linear measurements of these last average slightly less than those of northwestern specimens. The following records from the Ungava Peninsula are merely supple- mentary to those published by Loger and Toner (1955: 37-38) for R. sylvatica: Fort Chimo (Turner, 1888: 82—as ‘‘two or three species of frogs,’’? doubtless comprising only the present species); Rapid River (Speck, 1925: 5); Pointe aux Alouettes, Saguenay County, and Val Jalbert, St. John County (Trapido and Clausen, 1938: 123); Tadoussac and Natashquan (Patch, 1939: 235); Fort Chimo (Polunin, 1949: 114— as ‘‘tadpoles’’); Mud Lake on Hamilton River, and Northwest River (Backus, 1954: 227); Fort McKenzie and Richmond Gulf (Bleakney, 1955: 167). This is apparently the only amphibian in the peninsula that succeeds in transcending the barrier of permafrost (cf. Thomas, 1953: chart 8-1). Noble (1931: 456) would not grant that ability to any amphibian. It will require only a few lines to list the remaining amphibians and the one reptile known from the Ungava Peninsula (whose southwestern limits I place at the Nottaway and Saguenay Rivers), together with such locality records as have not already been provided by Logier and Toner (1955): 100 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Ambystoma jeffersonianum (Green). Jefferson’s Salamander. Godbout (USNM No. 48055); Seven Islands (Bleakney, 1955: 168, 170). ‘‘A lizard five inches long,’’ reported by Hind (1863, 1: 276) from the Ridge Portage in the Moisie River valley, is not likely to have been anything but the present species. Plethodon cinereus cinereus (Green). Red-backed Salamander. Eurycea bislineata bislineata (Green). Northern Two-lined Salamander. Hyla crucifera crucifera Wied. Northern Spring Peeper. Rana clamitans Latreille. Green Frog. Seven Islands (Bleakney, 1955: 166). Rana pipiens pipiens Schreber. Northern Leopard Frog. Mud Lake (Kindle, 1924: 38); Paradise River (Austin, 1932: 9). Rana septentrionalis Baird. Mink Frog. Matamek River (USNM Nos. 73846-73847); Etagaulet Bay, Lake Melville (Backus, 1954: 227). Packard’s report (1866: 272; 1891: 405) of a specimen from Okak is distinctly suspect, despite his statement that it was identified by E. D. Cope. Okak is a far more boreal locality (both geographically and faunally) than any other from which the species has been authentically recorded. Under the heading of &. septentrionalis, Packard also remarks that ‘‘frogs’’ were heard and seen by inhabitants ‘‘at Stag Bay, just north of Cape Harrison, Domino Harbor, Lewis Bay, and Henley Har- bor.’’ No subsequent investigator has found this species at any point on the outer east coast, and the frogs mentioned are much more likely to have been Rana sylvatica cantabrigensis (which is quite overlooked by Packard). Hildebrand (1949: 169) and Wynne-Edwards (1952: 24) refer Packard’s records to the Wood Frog. Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis (Linnaeus). Eastern Garter Snake. Tadoussac, Matamek River, and 27 miles east of mouth of Romaine River (Trapido and Clausen, 1938: 124). The name of the Riviére aux Couleuvres (lat. 50° 06’ to 30’ N., long. 67° 25’ to 29’ W.), whose waters reach the Gulf of St. Lawrence through the Riviére Pentecéte, strongly suggests the occurrence of this snake along its banks. Each of the above-mentioned ten species (three salamanders, one toad, one tree-frog, four true frogs, and one snake) occurs in the Canadian Zone, and probably more or less throughout its extent in the peninsula, although there are comparatively few records of any of the species over the greater part of its more northerly portions. Apparently Plethodon ce. cinereus, Eurycea b. bislineata, Rana clamitans, and Thamnophis s. sirtalis do not range northward beyond the limits of the Canadian Zone. The same statement may apply to Rana septentrionalis. Among the species of the Hudsonian Zone, Rana sylvatica canta- brigensis may be regarded as the hardiest one, for it evidently occurs throughout—and even extends a little distance into the Arctic Zone near Fort Chimo (Gabrielson and Wright, 1951: 128), while Ambystoma jef- fersonianum barely enters the Hudsonian and Bufo t. copei is apparently absent from ifs more northerly portions. The report of Hyla c. crucifera from Menihek Lake (Bleakney 1955: 165) requires confirmation before its acceptance as the only Hudsonian record of that species im the Harper—Amphibians, Reptiles of Ungava Peninsula 101 peninsula. If the lower Hamilton River valley is to be considered an outlier of the Canadian Zone, then the only record of Rana pipiens pipiens in the Hudsonian Zone to date is the one from Paradise River. The boundary between the Canadian and the Hudsonian Zones, as con- sidered in the foregoing discussion, does not coincide with that bound- ary as fixed by Merriam, Bailey, Nelson, and Preble (1910). I have proposed (MS) extending it eastward from the south end of James Bay, approximately along the 52nd parallel of latitude, nearly to the Strait of Belle Isle. In southeastern Quebec this means advancing the former boundary about 150 miles northward and 400 miles eastward. The pro- posed shift in life-zone limits results from the marked amelioration of the climate during the past four decades. LITERATURE CITED Audubon, Maria R., 1897. Audubon and his journals. Vol. 1, New York: xiv + 532, 21 pl., 1 fig. Austin, Oliver L., Jr., 1932. The birds of Newfoundland Labrador. Mem. Nuttall Ornith. Club 7: [1] + 229, 2 maps. Backus, Richard H., 1954. Notes on the frogs and toads of Labrador. Copeia 1954 (3): 226-227. Bleakney, Sherman, 1955. Range extensions of amphibians in eastern Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist 68 (4): 165-171, 2 maps, ‘$1954.’’ Gabrielson, Ira N., and Bruce 8. Wright, 1951. Notes on the birds of the Fort Chimo, Ungava district. Canadian Field-Naturalist 65 (4): 127- 140, 3 fig. Godfrey, W. Earl, 1949. Birds of Lake Mistassini and Lake Albanel, Quebec. Nat. Mus. Canada Bull. 114: [2] + 43, 6 fig., 1 map. Harper, Francis, 1928. The voices of New England toads. Bull. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 46: 3-9, 3 fig. Hildebrand, Henry, 1949. Notes on Rana sylvatica in the Labrador Peninsula. Copeia 1949 (3): 168-172. Hind, H. Y., 1863. Explorations in the interior of the Labrador Peninsula ... London: 1: xvi + 351, 9 pl., 15 fig., 1 map; 2: xv + 304, 4 pl., 7 fig., 1 map. Hume, Edgar Erskine, 1942. Ornithologists of the United States Army Medical Corps. Baltimore: xxv + 583, 1 pl., 109 fig. Kindle, E. M., 1924. Geography and geology of Lake Melville district, Labrador peninsula. Mem. Geol. Survey Canada 141: ii + 105, 17 pl., 7 fig., 4 maps. Logier, E. B. S., and G. C. Toner, 1955. Check-list of the amphibians and reptiles of Canada and Alaska. Contrib. Royal Ontario Mus. Zool. and Palaeontol. 41: v + 88, 77 maps. Merriam, C. Hart, Vernon Bailey, E. W. Nelson, and H. A. Preble, 1910. Fourth provisional zone map of North America. In Check-list of North American birds, prepared by a committee of the American Ornitholo- gists’ Union, ed. 3: frontisp. New York. Netting, M. Graham, and Coleman J. Goin, 1946. The correct names of some toads from Eastern United States. Copeia 1946 (2): 107. Noble, G. Kingsley, 1931. The biology of the Amphibia. New York and London: xiii + 577, 1 pl., 174 fig. Packard, A. S., Jr.; 1866. List of vertebrates observed at Okak, Labra- 102 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington dor, by Rev. Samuel Weiz, with annotations by A. S. Packard, Jr. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 10: 264-277. , 1891. The Labrador coast. New York. 1-513, 5 pl., 25 fig., 13 maps. Patch, C. L., 1939. Northern records of the wood-frog. Copeia 1939 (4): 235. , 1949. Further northern records of the wood-frog. Copeia 1949 (3): 233. Polunin, Nicholas, 1949. Arctic unfolding. London: 1-348, 33 pl., 3 maps. Preble, Edward A., 1908. A biological investigation of the Athabaska- Mackenzie region. U. S. Dept. Agric., No. Am. Fauna 27: 1-574, 21 pl., 12 fig., 8 maps. Speck, Frank G., 1925. Bufo americanus in the Labrador Peninsula. Copeta 138: 5-6. Stearns, W. A., 1883. Notes on the natural history of Labrador. Reptiles and batrachians. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 6: 123. Thomas, Morley K., 1953. Climatological atlas of Canada. Ottawa: 3-253, 74 charts. Townsend, Charles Wendell, 1918. In Audubon’s Labrador. Boston and New York: xiii + 354, 34 pl., 1 map. Trapido, Harold, and Robert T. Clausen, 1938. Amphibians and reptiles of eastern Quebec. Copeia 1938(3): 117-125. Turner, L. M., 1888. The physical and zoological characters of the Un- gava district, Labrador. Trans. Royal Soc. Canada 5, sec. 4: 79-83. Wynne-Edwards, V. C., 1952. Freshwater vertebrates of the arctic and subaretic. Fisheries Research Board Bull. 94: [i] + 28, 2 fig., 1 map. Yarrow, H. C., and H. W. Henshaw, 1878. Report upon the reptiles and batrachians collected during the years of 1875, 1876, and 1877, in California, Arizona, and Nevada. Ann. Rept. Geog. Surveys of the Territory of the United States west of the 100th Meridian ... by George M. Wheeler, appendix L: 206-226. Figs. 1 and 2.—Bufo terrestris copei, 6 ad. (orig. no. 1331); dorsal and ventral views, in aquarium jar. Knob Lake, Quebec; June 23, 1953. 104 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington a7 r,O67 3 EWS Ay SEP 24.1956 LIBRARY Vol. 69, pp. 105-114 September 12, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SIX NEW SPECIES OF ADELOTHRIPS FROM THE NEW WORLD WITH CRITICAL REMARKS ON THIS GENUS AND RELATED GENERA (THYSANOPTERA: TUBULIFERA) By Lewis J. STANNARD, JR. Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana In 1938 Hood proposed the genus Adelothrips for the Floridian species zanthopus. According to him, Adelothrips is “allied to Polyphemothrips Schmutz, and .. . will probably embrace about two neotropical and two nearctic forms now known in the literature.’’ In 1952, in a footnote, Hood re- vealed the names of the two nearctic forms he believed should ‘be included, and at various times Hood and occasionally others added new species to both genera. Up to the present, how- ever, no one has given the chief characteristics that would permit the separation of Adelothrips from Polyphemothrips, and as a result species have been assigned to either category with some vagary. During the past few years it has been my good fortune to see or collect the type species of these genera, to examine a number of the previously included or new species, and to study type species of closely related genera. From these studies I learned that Adelothrips possibly can be distinguished from Polyphemothrips on the basis of the position of the fore ocellus; that Adelothrips can be distinguished from Hoplo- thrips on the basis of the width of the maxillary stylets and that, ac- cordingly, Hoplothrips ambitus Hinds should be transferred to Adelo. thrips; that the European Abiastothrips schaubergeri (Priesner) is pos- sibly a true Adelothrips; that Tropothrips is a synonym of Docessis- sophothrips; and that the six species described herein are apparently new. The following elucidations of these conclusions will, I hope, help make Adelothrips more understandable. I am obliged to Dr. Floyd Andre, Dean and Director of the Division of Agriculture, Iowa State College, for premission to study a specimen of what is almost certainly Polyphemothrips braziliensis Schmutz; to Miss Kellie O’Neill for the loan of specimens, information, and use of the collections in the U. S. National Museum; to the John Simon Gug- genheim Memorial Foundation for a grant-in-aid which enabled me to 17—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., Vou. 69, 1956 (105) ct? ‘ae > wt 106 Proceedings Ot the Biological Society of Washington visit European and African museums; to Dr. J. P. Doncaster of the British Museum (Natural History) for making the type of Docessis- sophothrips ampliceps available and for his hospitality; and to Profes- sor Dr. H. Priesner of Cairo for his advice, hospitality, and for giving me free access to his magnificent collection of Thysanoptera. bicolor 1. grandis 2. ambitus Be hammockensis 3) 5 \ hammockensis 4. Stannard—Six New Species of Adelothrips 107 Adelothrips Hood Adelothrips Hood, 1938, p. 380. Type species by original designation: Adelothrips xanthopus Hood. Characteristics: 1.) Each antenna is usually seven-segmented, when sometimes eight-segmented the last two antennal segments (morphologi- cal segments VII and VIII) are extremely closely joined, fig. 3. In a few species these two segments are completely fused except for a ventral spot; in others a thin suture completely separates the two segments, fig. 3; in most, however, a partial ventral suture exists, indicating the divi- sion of these segments. 2.) In many species, the antennal sense cones are long and slender. 3.) Usually the posterior dorsal region of the head is swollen, being highest on the meson. Consequently the patterns of re- ticulation when present are upturned toward the meson, figs. 1, 2, and 4. 4.) Cheek pouches are usually completely absent but occasionally the cheeks are slightly swollen behind the eyes. 5.) The fore ocellus never overhangs the bases of the antennae. 6.) The mouth cone is broadly rounded to pointed, and the attached maxillary palps are usually large. 7.) Each maxillary stylet extends well into the head and is somewhat thickened, more so than as in Hoplothrips but not so thick as in Elaphrothrips. These stylets are not doubly looped as in Docessis- sophothrips. 8.) Fore wings when completely formed are not indented in the middle and they always bear accessory fringe setae. 9.) Praepectal plates are never present. 10.) Individuals of both sexes bear a promi- nent tooth on each fore tarsus. The moderately thickened form of the maxillary stylets is the most distinctive characteristic of Adelothrips and the group to which it be- longs. Unfortunately ‘‘moderately thick’’ cannot be described except by reference. Therefore, I presume that whoever would have reason to use this paper would have access to common genera of thrips and that it will suffice to say that the moderately thickened stylets found in Adelothrips are intermediate in thickness between the thin type found in Hoplothrips, Haplothrips, and others and between the thick type found in Idolothrips, Elaphrothrips, Cryptothrips, ete. Actually, once seen and compared, this characteristic is recognized with ease. By these characterizations, Adelothrips should include ambitus (Hinds) and accordingly that species is herewith transferred from Hoplothrips. No species of Hoplothrips has moderately thickened maxillary stylets as does ambitus and all of the species of Adelothrips, Docessissophothrips, Polyphemothrips, and other relatives. Abiastothrips schaubergeri (Priesner), the only species in its genus, is possibly a true congener of the species now placed in Adelothrips. It has moderately thick maxillary stylets; antennal segments VII and VIII are divided by a fine, incomplete suture; and most of its other features are likewise similar to those of Adelothrips. By way of differences, however slight they may be, schaubergeri has smaller maxillary palps than found in most species of Adelothrips, and the antennae are inserted farther apart than as in most species of Adelothrips. Yet in this latter condition, schaubergeri approaches that of ambitus whose antennae are inserted only slightly less farther apart. Perhaps schaubergeri is but an odd species of Adelothrips and such being the probability, the name Adelothrips should be superceded by Abiastothrips, the older name. 108 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington However, I am reluctant to reduce Adelothrips to synonymy at this writing. I had only one look at Abiastothrips and in my haste I may have missed some salient or unique diagnostic features. Mostly I hesitate to sink Adelothrips because it seems better to avoid changing the generic name of so many species until a firm conviction is reached that the two eategories must be considered as one and the same genus. At any rate they are herewith proposed to be closely related, which is my principal contribution to the knowledge of these genera at the moment. Adelothrips is also close to Polyphemothrips in relationship. In those members of Adelothrips known to me the fore ocellus does not overhang the bases of the antennae, as is the case in Polyphemothrips, and by this characteristic the two may be differentiated. Furthermore, species of Polyphemothrips are usually larger in size than species of Adelothrips, and the cheek pouches are usually more fully developed than those in species of Adelothrips. By these definitions the Peruvian species Polyphemothrips minor Hood and perhaps others that are also unknown to me are not members of Polyphemothrips but rather of Adelothrips, I have never seen the species minor but from its description and illustration seemingly its fore ocel- lus is not overhanging. According to my contentions the lack of promi- nent protrusion (the non-overhanging condition) of the fore ocellus is an Adelothrips characteristic. The types of the following new species are deposited in the collec- tions of the Illinois Natural History Survey. Adelothrips acutus new species Female (brachypterous).—Length distended slightly less than 3 mm. General color dark brown with much red subintegumental pigment. An- tennal segments I and II, the pedicel of antennal segment III, and all tarsi becoming yellowish brown. Tube yellowish orange to yellowish brown in the middle, tipped with gray. Head longer than wide. Ocelli normal, hardly at all reduced. Post- ocular setae long and pointed at tip. Morphological antennal segments VII and VIII partially separated by an incomplete ventral suture. An- tennal segment III with one inner and two outer sense cones. Prothorax with most major setae long and slightly dilated to pointed at tips. Mid-posterior setae small. Mesopraesternum degenerate. Meta- thorax not reticulate. Wings reduced to small pads. Fore tarsi each with a well developed slender tooth. Abdominal pelta triangular. Major posterior setae of abdominal tergite IX long and pointed. Tube about 0.6 times as long as head. Female (macropterous).—Similar in size, color, and structure to brachypterous female, except for the presence of fully developed wings. Fore wings with six accessary setae. Male (brachypterous).—Length distended about 2 mm. Color and general structure similar to female. Lateral pair of the major posterior setae on abdominal tergite IX shortened and spinelike. No ahdominal glandular areas present. Holotype.—Female; Mapleton, Illinois; June 2, 1949; (L. J. Stan- nard); ex: dead willow branches. Allotype—Male; Anderson Lake State Park, Illinois; September 8, 1954; (Ross and Stannard); on Stannard—Six New Species of Adelothrips 109 dead willow. Paratypes.—1 9, 3 ¢; same data as for allotype. 1 9; Toledo, Illinois; May 18, 1950; (Sanderson and Stannard); beating dead elm branches. 3 9 ; Siloam Springs State Park, Illinois; August 8-9, 1951; (Richards and Stannard) ; dead willow. This species is closely related to junctus. These two differ significantly in the form of the tip of each postocular setae, and in the color of the tube. In acutus, the postocular setae are pointed at the tips and the middle portion of the tube is yellowish brown. By contrast, in junctus the tips of the postocular setae are dilated and the tube is wholly brown. Adelothrips bicolor new species Female (macropterous).—Length distended nearly 3 mm. Bicol- ored brown and yellow. Bright yellow: most of head, antennal segments I and IJ, fore tibiae, most of metathorax, and basal three-fourths of tube. White to light yellow: mid and hind tibiae and tarsi. Brownish yellow: basal portion of antennal segment III, anterior margin of head, fore femora, mesothorax, anterior of metathorax, anterior seg- ments of abdomen. Brown: tip of antennal segment III and remainder of antennae, prothorax, mid and hind femora, posterior abdominal seg- ments except tube wtih abdominal segments VII and VIII the darkest. Tip of tube gray. Body with much red subintegumental pigment. Head, fig. 1, long, about 1.3 times as long as greatest width which is just behind eyes. Ocelli present, not overhanging. Postocular setae long, dilated at tip. Dorsal reticulations upturned on posterior meson. Mor- phological antennal segments VII and VIII fused except for a small in- complete suture on the venter. Antennal segment III with one inner and two outer sense cones. Mouth cone broadly rounded. Maxillary stylets not doubly looped. Prothorax with major setae well developed and dilated at tips except for the mid-posterior pair which is seemingly absent. Mid-lateral pair slightly larger than anterior ones. Metathorax faintly reticulate. Fore wings with about nine accessary setae. Fore tibiae each armed with a well developed tooth. Pelta triangular. Major posterior marginal setae on abdominal ter- gite IX with mid pair shortened and dilated at tips and lateral pair longer and pointed at tips. Tube less than three-fourths as long as head, slender, not sharply constricted at apex. Holotype.—Female; Finca el Real, Ocosingo Valley, Chiapas, Mex- ico; July 1-7, 1950; (Goodnights and Stannard); dead branches. Although different in color, this species is like palmarwm Hood from Brazil in that both have the middle pair of the posterior marginal setae of abdominal tergite IX dilated at the tips. By the characteristic of color, bicolor is closest to the Venezuelan sporophagus described herein, except that in bicolor the brown is somewhat more extensive and in- tensive. Adelothrips caribbeicus new species Female (macropterous).—Length distended nearly 3 mm. Color generally bright yellow. Antennae light yellow basally becoming dark brown at apex; segments I, II, and III yellow; segment IV yellowish brown in basal half, light brown in apical half; remaining segments dark brown. Head with a light brown streak across anterior portion. 110 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Mesothorax light brown. Fore wings each with a pale grayish cloud in middle. Tube orange brown tipped with gray. Body with much red subintegumental pigment, heaviest in abdominal segments VII, VIII, and IX, making those segments appear orange. Head longer than wide, about 1.2 times longer than greatest width which is just behind eyes. Ocelli present, not overhanging. Postocular setae long and dilated at tip. Morphological segments VII and VIII of antennae fused except for a small partial suture on venter, pedicel thick; antennal segment III with one inner and two outer sense cones. Mouth cone broadly rounded. Maxillary stylets long but not doubly looped. Prothorax with major setae well developed and dilated at tips except for the mid-posterior pair which are minute and pointed at tips. Antero- lateral setae smaller than mid-laterals, subequal to anteromarginals. Mesopraesternum boat-shaped, not degenerate. Fore wings with 7-11 accessary setae. Fore tarsi each armed with a moderate sized tooth. Pelta triangular. Lateral abdominal setae pointed or dilated at tips. Major setae of posterior margin of abdominal tergite IX long and pointed. Tube slightly over two-thirds as long as head, pinelcned but not ridged, sharply constricted at apex. Holotype.—Female; Campeche, Cpe., Mexico; July 5, 1951; (L. J. Stannard); beating dead limbs. Paratype—1 2; Key West, Florida; December 28, 1951; (Richards and Stannard); ex: dead branches. Although similar in many respects to xanthopus, caribbeicus can be distinguished easily by the thick, heavily sclerotized, orange-brown tube which is constricted at its apex. In color and form, the tube that is characteristic of caribbeicus approaches that found in individuals of hammockensis and macrura; however, in these later thrips each tube is ridged and is longer than the tube borne by specimens of caribbeicus. This is another species which inhabits the Yucatan peninsula and ex- treme southern Florida. Most likely it will soon disappear from Key West which in recent times has been almost completely stripped of its natural vegetation. Adelothrips grandis new species Female (brachypterous).—Length distended about 4 mm. Color al- most entirely dark brown. Antennal segment I, tarsi, and base and apex of tube yellowish brown. Head long, about 1.3 times longer than greatest width which is just behind eyes, fig. 2. Ocelli present, not overhanging. Postocular setae long and pointed at tips. Faint reticulations upturned on middle of the posterior part of the head. Morphological segments VII and VIII of the antennae completely fused; antennal segment III with one inner and two outer sense cones. Mouth cone nearly pointed, fig. 2. Maxillary stylets long but not doubly looped. Prothorax with all major setae well developed except mid-posterior ones which are minute. All these setae which are well developed with blunt to dilated tips. Metanotum smooth, not reticulate. Hach fore tarsus armed with a tooth. Wings reduced to small pads. Pelta triangular. Major setae of posterior margin of abdominal tergite IX long and pointed. Tube slightly more than one half as long as head, slender, not sharply constricted at apex. Stannard—Six New Species of Adelothrips va Holotype.—Female; San Cristobal Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico; July 11, 1950; (Goodnights and Stannard); beating dead branches. From the literature I would presume that this species is allied to the Peruvian conicura Hood in the over-all dark color and somewhat in structure and size. The two can be easily distinguished by the presence or absence of yellow pigments and by antennal characteristics. The species conicwra is said to have the fore tarsi and antennal segments III and IV yellow and antennal segments VII and VIII completely separated by a suture. By contrast, grandis has the fore tarsi and antennal seg- ments IIT and IV brown, or at most yellowish brown, and morphological segments VII and VIII of the antennae are completely fused. Adelothrips hammockensis new species Female (macropterous).—Length slightly distended about 3 mm. Color generally bright yellow. Antennae light yellow basally becoming dark brown at apex; segments I and II light yellow; segment III yel- low in basal two-thirds, brown at apex; segments IV, V, and VI brown in apical half or more, bases brownish yellow; terminal segment brown. Mid and hind tarsi nearly white. Tube orange-brown to yellow, tipped with black. Wings pale gray. Red subintegumental pigment located in head below oeelli, in a median longitudinal line in the prothorax, in a transverse band across the entire mesothorax and the anterior part of the metathorax, in a wide band across abdominal segment II (being deepest in color intensity at the sides), in the sides of abdominal seg- ment VII, and in several other abdominal segments as scattered dots. Head longer than wide, about 1.2 times longer than greatest width which is just behind eyes, fig. 4. Ocelli present, not overhanging. Post- ocular setae long and pointed at tip. Faint dorsal reticulations upturned on posterior meson. Morphological antennal segments VII and VIII fused except for a small partial suture on venter, this combined segment gradually tapered at base; antennal segment III with one inner and two outer sense cones, these cones long and slender. Mouth cone broadly rounded. Maxillary stylets not doubly looped. Prothorax with most major setae long and pointed at tips. Mid- anterior marginal setae and mid-posterior setae small. Mesopraesternum boat-shaped, not degenerate. Metathorax faintly reticulate medially. Fore wings with 15-16 accessary setae. Fore tarsi each armed with a prominent tooth. Pelta of abdominal segment I narrow. Lateral abdominal setae long and pointed. Tube as long as or slightly longer than head, thick and heavily sclerotized, ridged at base, and sharply constricted at apex, fig. 5. Male.—Length distended more than 2.7 mm. Color similar to fe- male but with faint brown on mesonotum and with much more red sub- integumental pigment in thorax and abdomen. General structure similar to female except the mid-lateral, the epimeral, and the posteromarginal setae longer than in female. Lateral posterio- marginal setae of abdominal tergite IX exactly like female, not shortened or spinelike. Abdominal sternite VIII without glandular areas. Holotype.—Female; Everglades Nation] Park, Florida; December 26, 1951; (Richards and Stannard); dead branches on Paradise Key Hammock—near Royal Palm ranger station. Allotype-——Male; same data as for holotype. 112 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Point for point, this species seems to be most closely related to the Cuban Adelothrips macura. They differ by the size of certain pro- thoracic setae. According to Hood (1941), in macrura the anteroangular prothoracie setae are longer than the mid-laterals, and the anteromar- ginals are not too much smaller than the mid-laterals. By contrast, in hammockensis the anteromarginals are small and the mid-laterals are much longer than the anteroangulars. Adelothrips sporophagus new species Female (macropterous).—Length distended about 2.2 mm. Pre- dominately yellow but also colored with brown. Most of head, all of antennal segments I to III, bases of antennal segments IV and V, fore legs, and base of tube bright yellow. Metathorax, mid and hind tibiae and tarsi, abdominal segment I, and most of abdominal segments II to VIII lighter yellow. Apex of antennal segments IV and V, rest of antennae, fore part of head around ocelli, prothorax, mid and hind femora, and abdominal segment IX brown. Mesothorax, a broad middle band in each fore wing, sides of the abdominal segments, and tip of tube light brown to gray. Red subintegumental pigment heaviest in head, prothorax, and abdominal segments II and III. Head long, slightly more than 1.3 times longer than greatest width which is just behind eyes. Postocular setae long and dilated at tips. Ocelli present, not overhanging. Faint reticulations upturned on middle of the posterior part of head. Morphological segments VII and VIII partially fused with only an incomplete ventral suture dividing them. Antennal segment III with one inner and two outer sense cones. Mouth cone broadly rounded. Maxillary stylets long but not doubly looped. Prothorax with all major setae well developed and dilated at tips, except for the mid-posterior ones which are seemingly absent. Mid-lateral setae just slightly longer than the anterior pairs. Metanotum smooth, not reticulate. Each fore tarsus armed with a small tooth. Fore wings with about five accessary setae. Pelta triangular. Major setae of posterior margin of tergite IX long and pointed. Tube slightly more than one half as long as head, slender, and not sharply constricted at apex. Abdomen of holotype filled with fungus spores. Holotype.—Female; Turmero Edo Aragua, Venezuela; March 4, 1953; (W. H. Whitcomb); ex: ‘‘spanish moss.’’ This species is closely related to its neighboring congener connati- cornis (Hood) —herein transferred from Cryptothrips. Since the species connaticornis, known from Trinidad, was so briefly described, and since no specimens are available to me, it is not possible to compare the two adequately. However, in connaticornis the ninth abdominal segment is presumably yellow whereas in sporophagus this segment is largely brown. By this color characteristic the two species may be distinguished. Docessissophothrips Bagnall Docessissophothrips Bagnall, 1908, p. 201. Type species by original des- ignation.—Docessissophothrips ampliceps Bagnall. Tropothrips Hood, August 1949, p. 70. Type species by original desig- nation.—Tropothrips borgmeieri Hood. New synonymy. Stannard—Six New Species of Adelothrips 113 Masxillata Faure, November 1949, p. 852. Type species by original desig- nation.—Mawzillata priesneri Faure. Synonymized under Tropothrips by Stannard (1954). The type specimen, ampliceps, is glued to a card and housed at the British Museum (Natural History). Part of the head is hoary with a dead growth of fungus. Because the specimen is dry and unmounted, it is impossible to view the internal maxillary stylets. Despite the fact that the shape of these stylets are undeterminable at present, this specimen has all the other attributes of those species formerly named Tropothrips, and Tropothrips is hereby relegated to synonymy. Another specimen that I have seen, a different and undescribed species from Guadeloupe which is in the Priesner collection, is remarkably simi- lar to the type species, ampliceps. The principal difference is that the Guadeloupean specimen has a yellow tube whereas the tube in ampliceps is brown. The maxillary stylets in the head of the specimen from Guadeloupe are visible and they are several times looped—a feature unique to this group of thrips. This type of stylet has been illustrated by Hood (1949), by Faure (1949), and by myself (1954). I am now fully convinced that ampliceps is congeneriec with borgmeieri, nigripes, priesnert, and richardst, and that ampliceps also will be found to have the typically long, doubly looped maxillary stylets. Explanation of Figures . Adelothrips bicolor, dorsal view of head and prothorax. Adelothrips grandis, dorsal view of head and prothorax. Adelothrips ambitus, terminal segments of right antenna. . Adelothrips hammockensis, dorsal view of head and prothorax. Adelothrips hammockensis, tube. bj [~) mR gle we fo LITERATURE CITED Bagnall, R. S. 1908. On some new genera and species of Thysanoptera. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Dur- ham, and Neweastle-upon-Tyne.—new series, vol. III (1): 183-217. September. Faure, J. C. 1949. Maxillata priesneri, gen. et spec. nov., a thrips (Thysanoptera) with exceedingly long maxillae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History.—series 12, vol. ii: 851-58. November. Hood, J. D. 1938. New Thysanoptera from Florida and North Carolina. Revista de Entomologia, vol. 8: 348-420. June. . 1949. Brasilian Thysanoptera. I. Revista de Entomologia, vol. 20: 3-88. August. . 1952. Brasilian Thysanoptera. III. Proceedings of the Bio- logical Society of Washington, vol. 65: 141-76. November 5. Stannard, L. J., Jr. 1954. Tropothrips in North America (Thysanoptera; Phlaeothripidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washing: ton, vol. 67: 81-4. March 22. 114 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington ow iY NIA W SEP 24 1956 LIBRARY Vol. 69, pp. 115-122 September 12, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW CRAYFISH OF THE EXTRANEUS SECTION OF THE GENUS CAMBARUS WITH A KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SECTION (DECAPODA, ASTACIDAE) By Horton H. Hosss, Jr. Department of Biology, University of Virginia The Extraneus Section of the Genus Cambarus was diag- nosed by Ortmann (1931:96) as follows: ‘‘Carapace more or less ovate, depressed, with or without lateral spines. Rostrum with marginal spines. Chelae not very elongated, depressed, and rather broad, but a little more elongated than in the sec- tions of bartom and diogenes. Areola more or less wide, and of variable, moderate length. Eyes well developed. The essen- tial character is the presence of marginal spines on the rostrum .’’ Within the group he included only two species, Cambarus extraneus Hagen (1870:78) and Cambarus cornutus Faxon (1884 :120), and under the former he listed Cambarus girardianus Faxon (1884:117) and Cambarus jordam Faxon (1884:119) as synonyms. Only one additional species be- longing to this Section has been subsequently described— Cambarus rusticiformis Rhoades (1944:133). The ranges as well as the biology of all of these species are poorly known, and Ortmann’s conclusions concerning the identity of the three that he combined under the name Cambarus extraneus deserve a careful evaluation based on many more specimens. On the basis of a study of additional specimens of Faxon’s C. jordan, it seems that Ortmann was in error in concluding that ‘‘the single known individual of jordani is nothing but one of the many individual phases of extraneus.’’ Insuffi- cient data are at hand to re-evaluate the treatment of C. girardianus, and Ortmann’s designation of this species as a synonym of C. extraneus is tentatively accepted. Only one specimen of Cambarus cornutus has ever been reported, and since the single individual is morphologically different from its apparent relatives the specific status previously accorded it is accepted here. Cambarus rusticiformis appears to be a distinct species, and an appreciable extension of its range is reported below. The species described here is of considerable interest in that it is the first record of the presence of a member of the Extraneus Section along the eastern slope of the Appalachian system. All of the other species 18—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., Vou. 69, 1956 (115) SEP 7 9 10m. = 116 Proceedings of the Biological. Society of Washington are found within the drainage systems of the Alabama, Tennessee, and Ohio rivers. It is of further interest that C. spicatus appears to be con- fined to Little River in Fairfield and Richland counties, South Carolina. While an intensive survey of the Broad River, into which the Little River flows, has not been conducted, several collections are available from each of the counties along its course and all of them contain other species which appear to be vicariants of C. spicatus. I wish to thank Dr. HE. C. Raney, Mr. HE. A. Crawford, and Mr. T. R. Bello for their assistance in securing the specimens on which this de- scription is based. Cambarus spicatus!, sp. nov. Diagnosis—Rostrum excavate above without thickened margins; mar- gins converge to marginal spines or tubercles which clearly mark the base of the subspiculiform acumen. Areola 3.3-5.0 times longer than broad with five to nine shallow punctations across narrowest part, and constituting 30.3-34.6 per cent of entire length of carapace. A well developed spine present on each side of carapace immediately caudad of cervical groove. Cephalolateral portion of carapace with one or more spines anterior to cervical groove. Suborbital angle with a spime or small tubercle. Postorbital ridges well developed and terminate cephalad in a spine or acute tubercle. Chela broad, depressed, with costate outer margin; a distinct depression above and below base of immovable finger; inner margin of palm with two distinct rows of tubercles; fingers of adults long and gaping. (For pleopods and annulus ventralis, see figures 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10.) Holotype Male, Form I.—Body subovate, somewhat depressed. Ab- domen narrower than thorax (17.7 and 20.4 mm, in widest parts respec- tively). Width of carapace greater than depth in region of caudodorsal margin of cervical groove (19.6 and 16.0 mm.). Greatest width of carapace (20.4 mm.) a short distance caudal to cervical groove. Areola broad (4.6 times longer than wide), with seven small shallow punctations in narrowest portion. Cephalic portion of carapace 1.9 times as long as areola (length of areola 34 per cent of entire length of carapace). Rostrum excavate above; margins convergent and not thickened; long acumen, distinctly set off at base by corneous, acute marginal tubercles, and with an upturned, corneous, spine-like tip. Upper surface of rostrum with the usual submarginal row of setiferous punctations and these rows continue cephalad onto the acumen where the setae form a pubescent coat on the upper surface; suborbital ridges poorly developed and evident in dorsal aspect for only a short distance at base. Postorbital ridges, moderately-well defined and deeply grooved dor- solaterally, terminate cephalically in acute corneous tubercles. Suborbital angle terminates in an acute corneous tubercle. Branchiostegal spine well defined and acute. Lateral surface of carapace strongly granulate and with a prominent spine immediately caudad of cervical groove above which is a single subacute tubercle somewhat larger than neighboring granules; lateral surface anterior to cervical groove with about seven spiniform tubercles, two of which are more conspicuous than others; 1§ picatus—(spicus) L.,—point; so named because of the spines on the cephalola- teral portion of the carapace, a unique characteristic of epigean species of this genus. Hobbs—New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus ay upper surface of carapace mostly punctate with a small polished area in gastric region. Abdomen shorter than carapace (36.8 and 38.8 mm.). Cephalic section of telson with two spines in each caudolateral corner. Epistome (fig. 7) subtriangular with shallow emarginations cephalo- laterally; margins not swollen but somewhat elevated (ventrally). Antennules of the usual form with a spine present on lower surface of basal segment. Antennae extend caudad to base of telson. Antennal seale (fig. 4) broadest slightly distad of midlength; outer thickened portion not so broad as lamellar portion and bearing a prominent spine distally. Left chela depressed with palm slightly inflated; punctate except for upper mesial portion of palm and certain areas of fingers (see below). Outer margin of hand costate. Inner margin of palm with a row of eight tubereles and an additional one slightly below this row at base of distal third; a well defined row immediately above the aforementioned row consisting of seven tubercles. A prominent tubercle on lower surface of palm at base of dactyl. Fingers distinctly gaping. Upper and lower surfaces of dactyl and upper surface of immovable finger with a sub- median ridge flanked on both sides by deep punctations. Opposable margin of immovable finger with a row of 12 knob-line tubercles ex- tending from base to distal sixth of finger; the fourth from base econ- spicuously larger than others; two tubercles occurring -just below this row at base of distal fourth of finger; a row of minute denticles present along distal fourth of finger; a number of conspicuous plumose setae at base of finger. Lateral surface of immovable finger costate with a row of squamous tubercles proximally and a row of setiferous punctations distally. Lower surface of immovable finger punctate. Opposable margin of dactyl with a row of 18 knob-like tubercles, the first and fifth from base larger; a row of minute denticles on distal sixth of finger. Mesial surface of dactyl with a number of tubercles on basal third; with a single row on middle third, and a row of setiferous punctations along distal third. (Distal two podomeres of right cheliped abnormal.) Carpus of cheliped longer than broad and with a well defined longi- tudinal furrow above; sparsely punctate except laterally. Mesial surface with a single procurved spike-like tubercle (an additional smaller tubercle proximal to it on right cheliped); lower surface with two tubercles on distal margin (right cheliped with an additional one proxi- momesiad of the more mesial one on lower distal margin). Merus of cheliped sparsely punctate except on upper distal portion; upper surface mostly rough with two spiniform tubercles somewhat proximad of distal margin; lower surface with a mesial row of nine, mostly spiniform, tubercles and a lateral row of four, only two well- developed (right cheliped with ten and five in the respective two rows). Hooks on ischiopodites of third pereionods only (fig. 8); hooks strong and simple and tips extend proximad of distal margin of basipodite. Coxopodite of fourth pereiopod with a knob-like prominence on caudal mesioventral angle. First pleopod (figs. 1 and 5) symmetrical and reaching caudal margin of coxopodite of third pereiopod when abdomen is flexed; distal portion terminating in two distinct parts. Central projection corneous, blade-like and extending caudal at approximately 90 degrees to the main longi- 118 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington tudinal axis of the appendage; tip slightly cleft. Mesial process non- corneous, bulbiform and tapering to blunt tip directed caudolateral at an angle similar to that assumed by central projection. Morphotypic Male, Form II.—Differs from the holotype in the fol- lowing respects: Subrostral ridges more strongly developed and evident to base of acumen; subacute tubercle above spine on lateral surface of carapace much reduced; opposable margins of both fingers of cheliped with plumose setae that obscure the tubercles; lower mesial row of tubercles on merus consisting of six and lateral of three. Hooks on ischiopodites of third pereiopods not reaching proximad to distal end of basipodites. First pleopod (figs. 2 and 3) similar to that of holo- type; however, central projection not corneous and much heavier; basipidoischial groove clearly evident in both mesial and lateral aspects. (See measurements. ) Allotypic Female.—Differs from the holotype in the following re- spects: Subrostral ridges better developed than in holotype but not evident to base of acumen as in morphotype; subacute tubercle above spine on lateral surface of carapace not so strongly developed as in holotype; opposable margin of immovable finger with 10 tubercles; opposable margin of dacty!] with 12; lower mesial row of tubercles on merus consisting of eight and nine on right and left chelipeds respec- tively, and lateral row of three and four. Other differences involve only secondary sexual characteristics and measurements (see below). Annulus ventralis (fig. 10) subtrapezoidal in outline. Caudal wall high, laterally forming oblique ridges; cephalic half with a median sinus and a low elevation paralleling it one each side; near midlength of annulus the sinus makes a dextral hairpin turn and at the median line turns caudad to the midcaudal margin of annulus; fossa occurs at the hairpin turn. Measurements (in millimeters) .— Holotype Allotype Morphotype 12. Carapace Height 16.0 16.1 2.0 Width 20.4 19.1 14.7 Length 38.8 38.2 29.9 Areola Width 2.9 2.8 2.5 Length 13.2 12.6 9.9 Rostrum Width 5.2 5.3 4.4 Length 10.4 10.2 8.3 Chela Length of inner margin (Left) of palm 10.7 7.5 4.9 Width of palm 15.6 10.4 f 6.3 Length of outer margin of hand 36.2 26.0 18.0 Length of dactyl 22.8 15.6 11.4 Type Locality—Little River, 10.3 miles west of Winnsboro, Fairfield County, South Carolina on St. Rte. 22. Here the river, some 25 to 30 feet broad, flows with a moderate current over a sand and clay bottom. The river bed is apparently devoid of any attached aquatic vegetation. In the vicinity are Liriodendron tulipifera, Liquidambar stryaciflua, Ilex sp., Ulmus sp., Quercus sp., and Pinus sp. On April 18, 1955 the water was somewhat turbid and had a temperature of 20°C. All of the speci- mens of C. spicatus were collected from debris along the margins of the stream. Disposition of Types.—The holotypic male, form I, allotypie female, Hobbs—New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus 119 and morphotypic male, form II are deposited in the United States Na- tional Museum (Nos. 99323, 99324 and 99325 respectively). Of the paratypes, one second form male and one female are deposited in the collection of Dr. George H. Penn at Tulane University; 13 males, form II, 11 females, five juvenile males, and six juvenile females are in my personal collection at the University of Virginia. Specimens EHxamined.—This species is known from only two localities on Little River in Fairfield anl Richland counties, South Carolina. Fairfield Co—The type locality, 3-2851-4 (16 I, 429), E. C. Raney, coll.; 4-1855-6e (66 6 II, 89 9,1 juv. 6, 4 juv. 29), E. A. Craw- ford, T. R. Bello, and H. H. H., coll. Richland Co.—2.2 mi. WNW jet. of S. C. Rts. 215 and 269, near Richtex. 9-0055-1la (44 ¢ II, 3 juv. 6 2, ye OnE aeAe Cra coll 10-s054-1 Asin Dial O. duuve: Gb). E. A. C., coll. Color Notes—Cambarus spicatus is one of the more spectacularly colored species of the genus. The background is for the most part a pinkish-tan. The postorbital ridges are conspicuously marked with purplish-brown as is a large symmetrical pair of splotches in the gastric region of the carapace. The lateral portion of the carapace is a grayish: green with a conspicuous pink band extending from just above the sub- orbital angle ventrally to just below the cephalic extremity of the cervical groove where it turns caudally to follow the groove to the level of the lateral spine on the carapace. Below this pink band on the branchiostegite is a purplish-brown area, the caudal margin of which is marked by a tongue-like cream wedge extending caudodorsally from the ventral margin of the branchiostegite just below the lateral spine of the carapace. The abdomen is also pinkish-tan with bright pink and greenish-brown markings. The cephalic half of the epimera are green- ish-brown and the caudal half and margins are pink. The chelae are olive green with pale pink tubercles; the lower tips of the fingers and the lateral margin of the immovable finger are orange in color, and the upper surfaces of the tips of the fingers are scarlet. All of the tubercles are pink or white both on the carapace and chelipeds. Relationships.—Cambarus spicatus probably has its closest affinities with Cambarus extraneus. There are certain characteristics which suggest a relationship with the members of the Montanus group, and it is con- ceivable that it occupies a somewhat transitional position between the montanus and extraneus complexes. It may readily be distinguished from all other epigean members of the genus by the combination of marginal spines on the rostrum and the group of spines on the sides of the carapace anterior to the cervical groove. Variations—The most conspicuous variations in Cambarus spicatus are found in the rostrum. Although marginal spines are always present, the margins may be subparallel, slightly converging, or even slightly biconvex. The acumen may be relatively short with a blunt, slightly upturned apex, or it may be long and spiculiform. As indicated in the diagnosis, the areola ranges from 3.3-5.0 times as long as broad and constitutes from 30.3-34.6 per cent of the entire length of the carapace. The number of punctations across the narrowest part of the areola varies from five to nine. 120 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Cambarus rusticiformis Rhoades This species has been reported previously from tributaries of the Cumberland River in Logan and Trigg Counties, Kentucky (Rhoades, 1944:133). The following three new records extends the known range to the southeast. Cumberland Drainage: Little Crab Creek about seven miles west of Jamestown, Fentress County, Tennessee, April 29, 1945 (766 II, 392, 2 juvenile $64, 19 with eggs), C. S. Shoup and H. H. H., eoll.; Poplar Cove Creek, about five miles west of Jamestown, Fentress County, Tennessee, September 21, 1945 (1 9), C. S.S., coll. and on October 10, 1948 (16 I, 499), C. S. S., coll.; Rocky River, a tributary of Caney Fork, Van Buren County, Tennessee, August 3, 1951 (12), John W. Parsons, Coll. Key to the Species of the Extraneus Section of the Genus Cambarus 1 Antennal flagellum strongly compressed and bearded on inner margin ... Green River, Edmonson Co., Kentucky _.......- BIE RME: e A hen Teh 225 ie ee Sod Be aN Ha Cambarus cornutus Faxon ie Antennal) flacellum, norma] 228 eee 2 2(1’) One to several spines on lateral portion of carapace anterior to cervical groove... Little River, Fairfield and Richland Counties, SouthsC@arolina =e Cambarus spicatus, sp. nov. 2’ No spines on lateral portion of carapace anterior to cervical PV OOV Civ ies tle a or sh le ell 3 3 (2’) Inner margin of palm of chela with two serrate rows of tubercles; the inner consisting of seven or less in number; lateral spines on rostrum never strongly developed ... Alabama River system in N.W. Georgia and N.H. Alabama_____. Cambarus jordam Faxon 3’ Inner margin of palm of chela with two rows of tubercles; neither row serrate and inner row usually consisting of eight or more; lateral spines on rostrum usually well developed 4 4(3’) Rostrum less than one-fourth total length of carapace . . . Cum- berland River system from Fentress Co., Tenn. to Trigg Co., ESOnGWe Kye ae Sane ate Cambarus rusticiformis Rhoades 4’ Rostrum more than one-fourth total length of carapace... Alabama and Tennessee drainage systems in Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, and Kentucky Cambarus extraneus Hagen LITERATURE CITED Faxon, Walter. 1884. Descriptions of new species of Cambarus; to which is added a synonymical list of the known species of Cambarus and Astacus. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci., 20:107-158. Hagen, Herman A. 1870. Monograph of the North American Astacidae. Till. Cat. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard College, (3):1-109, pls. 1-11. Ortmann, Arnold E. 1931. Crawfishes of the Southern Appalachians and the Cumberland Plateau. Ann. Carnegie Mus., 20(2) :61-160. Rhoades, Rendell. 1944. The crayfishes of Kentucky, with notes on varia- tion, distribution and descriptions of new species and subspecies. Amer. Midl. Nat., 31(1) :111-149, 10 figs., 10 maps. Explanation of Plate Cambarus spicatus Fig. 1. Mesial view of first pleopod of male, form I. Fig. 2. Mesial view of first pleopod of male, form II. SEA OO AU Soa Cy ae Hobbs—New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus 121 Lateral view of first pleopod of male, form II. Antennal scale of male, form I. Lateral view of first pleopod of male, form I. Lateral view of carapace of male, form I. Epistome of male, form I. Basipodite and ischiopodite of third pereiopod of male, form I. Distal podomeres of cheliped of male, form I. . 10. Annulus ventralis. 11. Dorsal view of carapace of male, form I. 122 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . & SEP 24 1956 LIBRARY Vol. 69, pp. 123-126 September 12, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON ADDITIONAL FORMS OF BIRDS FROM PANAMA AND COLOMBIA By ALEXANDER WETMORE The two races described herewith have been determined during recent studies of the collections in the United States National Museum. Columbidae Zenaidura macroura turturilla subsp. nov. Characters —Generally similar in pale color to Zenaidura macroura marginella (Woodhouse)! but smaller; usually more buff on lower ab- domen and under tail coverts; female somewhat darker, especially on the under surface. Description—U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 433,585, male adult (testes enlarged), El Hspino, Provincia de Panama, Panama, collected April 1, 1951, by A. Wetmore and W. M. Perrygo (orig. no. 16,653). Forehead pinkish buff, shading to warm avellaneous on pileum and sides of crown; center of posterior part of crown and upper hindneck deep quaker drab; lower hindneck and adjacent upper back mouse gray; sides of neck warm light drab, with an elongated area extending down to the shoulder glossed with metallic purple, becoming metallic bronze-green in anteriot portion, and showing a reflection of metallic bronze-green throughout; back, scapulars, tertials, inner secondaries and lesser wing coverts drab; rump and upper tail coverts light drab; a few flecks of black on the inner lesser wing coverts, increasing in extent on the secapulars, forming prominent spots and edgings of black on the tertials; middle and greater wing coverts mouse gray, washed on outer webs with drab and light drab; primaries chaetura black, the outer webs with a grayish wash, edged narrowly with white; secondaries neutral gray with a wash of drab at tips and on outer webs; central rectrices chaetura drab; next outer pair neutral gray, with an angular central spot of black, the outer mar- gins of the webs washed with hair brown; the remaining rectrices with the basal area neutral gray, followed by a broad band of black and a broader tip of white; the under surface of all except the central pair extensively black at the base; sides of head pinkish buff below and be- hind the eye; a, small, narrow, elongated spot of black, glossed with blue, behind and below auricular region; chin and throat tilleul buff; 1Ectopistes marginella Woodhouse, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6, August 20, 1852, p. 104 (Cross Timbers, north fork of Canadian River, Okla- homa). 19—Proc, Biot. Soc. WASH., Vou. 69, 1956 (123) Ep ~~ mm O«¢ Gaon. 124 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington foreneck and upper breast light cinnamon-drab, becoming cinnamon-drab on the sides of the neck; lower breast avellaneous; abdomen light cinnamon-buff; under tail coverts pinkish buff; sides and flanks light neutral gray; under wing coverts dark neutral gray; axillars light fuscous. Bill black; tarsus and toes dull buffy brown; claws fuscous. (From dried skin). Measurements——Males (6 specimens), wing 135.2-139.9 (137.3), tail 125.4-144.9 (132.2, average of three), culmen from cere 7.8-8.5 (8.0), tarsus 20.3-22.3 (21.2) mm. Females (2 specimens) wing 124.7-129.7 (127.7), tail 107.3-111.2 (109.2), culmen from cere 7.6-8.2 (7.9), tarsus 18.9-20.2 (19.5) mm. Type, male, wing 136.1, (tail with tip badly worn), culmen from cere 7.8, tarsus 21.2 mm. Range.—Tropical savannas of western Panam4& from western Chiriqui (base of Volein de Chiriqui), through Veraguas (Sond, San Francisco, Calobre, Santiago) and Coclé (Penonomé, Antén) to western Provincia de Panama (El Espino, base of Cerro Chame). Remarks.—F¥or many years status of the mourning dove in Panama has been uncertain due to the small amount of information available. The western subspecies, Zenaidura macroura marginella, has been reported in winter-from the western area of the republic, where I have seen birds occasionally that I believe were this race, though I was not able to secure specimens. Griscom recorded one bird of the eastern form Z. m. carolinensis from Divala in western Chiriqui, and also listed the typieal form Z. m. macroura as breeding near Santiago, Veraguas, in 1925.2 In March and early April, 1951 I saw mourning doves occasionally in the lowlands of the extreme western part of the Provincia de Panama near EH] Espino, and on April 1 secured a male that was definitely a resident bird as it had been noted for a week at one particular spot along the highway. Further the testes were about one-half enlarged, which would not have been the case with a migrant. Here the matter rested until May 10, 1953 when I found a dozen in a iburned savanna 3 miles northwest of Antén, Coclé, noted males in dis- play flight, and finally was able to approach a pair feeding together and shot the female. In this same area on May 13 I saw a number of Seattered birds, and two flocks of about 25 each. In Veraguas, near ‘Son4 and Santiago, we found occasional mourning doves from May 20 to June 9, and secured two more males, one taken May 20 being in partial body molt. Others were noted near Penonomé, Coclé, June 17, and in the original locality near Antén on June 20. On March 26 and 27, 1955 I was interested to find a few of these doves around the base of Cerro Chame to the west of Bejuco, where they were cooing and were evidently resident. This point, about 50 kilometers from Balboa and Panama City, is the farthest east at which I have observed the species to date. With 3 males and 1 female taken personally in hand it was obvious that these represented a distinct race, similar in color to Z. m. marginella but smaller. Also it appeared that this Panamanian form, while similar in size to Z. m. macrowra of Cuba with which it had been listed, was 2Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 78, April, 1935, p. 310. Wetmore—Birds from Panama and Colombia 125 definitely paler. During study at the British Museum (Natural iHstory) in the summer of 1954 I found 3 more of these small birds in the Salvin-Goldman collection from Chiriqui, and from Calobre, on the Pacific side of Veraguas. There is also one in the U. S. National Museum, taken by Rex Benson, March 12, 1931, at San Francisco, Veraguas, 25 kilometers west of Calobre. Through this material it has been possible to make definitive studies, and to determine that the resident bird of Panama represents an unrecognized form. Its smaller size is evident when the measurements given above are compared with the following set for Z. m. marginella taken from Ridgway?: Males (29 specimens), wing 142-156.5 (149.4), tail 121-158 (138.4) mm. Females (10 specimens), wing 132.5-152 (143.2), tail 117-158 (127.3) mm. The main difference is evident in the wing, since measurements of the tail are unreliable due to wear, particularly in the Panamanian series where the birds usually are resident in a harsh environment with rough, stony soil. It is interesting that in the mourning dove as a species, where there are two color groupings, an eastern one that is darker and a western one that is paler, we may observe now that in both the northern birds are large and the more southern ones are small. The race turturilla, here described, thus has the same size relation relative to the northern marginella that the small macroura of Cuba bears to the northern caro- linensis. From present information the western mourning dove, Z. m. marginella is known to nest as far south as southern México. Mourning doves were recorded breeding near Duefias, Guatemala by Osbert Salvin many years ago, and the species also has been found throughout the year in Costa Rica, though no evidence as to nesting has come to attention. Carriker was under the impression that those seen during the months of the northern summer were merely migrants that from age or infirmity had not made the return flight north, and that were incapable of breeding. Available information indicates a considerable separation in distance for the resident mourning doves of western Panama from other breeding groups. Trochilidae Phaethornis augusti curiosus subsp. nov. Characters—Similar to Phaethornis augusti augusti (Bourcier)4 but definitely paler; throat and under tail coverts nearly white; above grayer, less greenish. Description—Type, U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 383,539, female, Atanquez, elevation 2500 feet, Magdalena, Colombia, collected May 30, 1945, by M. A. Carriker, Jr., (orig. no. 6120). Pileum chaetura drab faintly glossed with bronze-green; the feathers margined lightly with hair brown (producing faint squamations); hindneck, back and scapulars grayish bronze-green; rump and upper tail coverts Mikado brown; wing coverts bronze green (darker than the back); remiges slightly darker than chaetura drab, with a faint ‘greenish gloss, the outer one 3U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 348. 4Trochilus augusti Bourcier, Ann. Sci. Phys. Nat. Agric. et Ind., Soc. roy., ete., Lyon, vol. 10, 1847, p. 623 (Caracas, Venezuela). 126 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington margined lightly on the outer web with pale olive-buff; rectrices basally bronze green, tipped broadly with white, the lateral pairs becoming blackish at the junction with the white of the tip; side of the head including lores dull black, with a broad stripe of white extending above the eye and the ear coverts, and another from the rictus to the posterior margin of the ear coverts; chin and center of throat white; sides of throat, foreneck and breast pale grayish white, becoming white on the abdomen; sides and flanks tinged slightly with pale pinkish buff; under tail coverts white; edge of wing dull white; under wing coverts chaetura black; axillars white. Maxilla and tip of mandible black; rest of man- dible dull cream color; tarsus and toes fuscous; underside of toes dull- cream-buff; claws dull black. (From dried skin.) Measurements —Females (4 specimens), wing 56.8-59.0 (58.2), tail 75.0-84.4 (78.4, average of three), culmen from base 31.7-35.0 (33.1) mm. Type, female, wing 59.0, tail 84.4, culmen from base 33.8 mm. Range.—Known only from the type locality, near Atanquez on the east base of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia. Remarks—This hermit hummingbird has been known in Colombia previously only from the upper tropical zone of the eastern Andes where the most northern record is at Ocaiia, Norte de Santander. The specimens from Atanquez thus mark a considerable extension of range and record the species for the first time in the area of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. As the species is one of the higher levels in the tropical zone this northern population is isolated by the break between the Sierra Negra and the Sierra Nevada. The four specimens stand out at a glance from our series of P. a. augusti in much whiter under surface, the dis- tinction being of especial interest in view of the wide range of the typical form from the mountains of eastern Colombia, through the Mérida region and the coast range of northern Venezuela. There are no males in our series of four specimens but the species is one in which the sexes are alike. Ne ea ay SEP 24 1956 LIBRARY Vol. 69, pp. 127-134 September 12, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THREE NEW BIRDS FROM CERRO EL TETEO, VENEZUELA, AND EXTENSIONS OF RANGES TO VENEZUELA AND COLOMBIA By WILLIAM H. PHELPS AND WILLIAM H. PHELPS, JR. The situation of Cerro El Teteo, in the extreme southwest- ern part of the State of Tachira, in the Orinoco watershed, is deseribed in our ‘‘Five New Venezuelan Birds and Nine Ex- tensions of Ranges to Colombia.’’! The ranges of ten species or subspecies are here extended to Venezuela and that of one subspecies to Colombia. We thank Dr. John T. Zimmer, Chairman of the Department of Birds of the American Museum of Natural History, for access to that collec- tion. Specimens are in the Phelps Collection, Caracas, unless otherwise specified. Names of colors are capitalized when direct comparison has been made with Ridgway’s ‘‘Color Standards and Color Nomenclature,’’ 1912. Wing measurements are of the chord. Penelope argyrotis mesaeus Conover Penelope argyrotis mesaeus Conover, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 58, p. 125, 1945. (Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia.) 1 ¢,1 @, Cerro El Teteo, Burgua, Tachira; 1250 and 1300 meters. These specimens constitute an extension of range to Venezuela from southeastern Colombia where the subspecies is known only from the type locality and from ‘‘Bogoté’’ (de Schauensee, Birds of Colombia, p. 418, 1949). Cerro El Teteo is less than 50 miles, due east, from Pamplona, on the southern approaches to the Paramo de Tama. Nyctibius griseus panamensis Ridgway Nyctibius griseus panamensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, p. 91, 1912. (Na, Coclé, Panama.) 1 $ juv., 1 92, Burgua, Tachira (southwestern), 350 meters; 1 ¢, Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, Tachira (southwestern), 1800 meters. These specimens constitute an extension of range of the subspecies to Venezuela from northern Colombia. Measurements of the adults: 1 ¢—wing, 281 mm.; tail, 195; 1 Q2— wing, 276; tail, 198. The following measurements of specimens from north of the Andes along the Colombian frontier in Urefia, northwestern Tachira, and the Perija Mountains, Zulia, correspond decidedly to those of the smaller race, N. g. griseus (Gmelin) of southern Venezuela: 3 ¢—wing, 242-260 (252); tail, 164-184 (174); 2 9—-~wing, 248-256 (252); tail, 170-176 (173). Lurocalis semitorquatus natterert (Temminck) Caprimulgus nattereri Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 18, pl. 107, 1822. 1Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 68, p. 47, May 20, 1955. 20—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VoL. 69, 1956 (127) SEP + 9 10% ¢ 128 Proceedings of the Biological Scciety of Washington (Brazil; Ypanema, Sao Paulo, Brazil, designated as type locality by Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 379, 1910). 4 6,1 (?), im the collection of the Estacién Biolégica de Rancho Grande, Parque Nacional Henri Pittier, Aragua. These specimens extend the range of the subspecies to Venezuela from southern Brazil. Dr. Ernst Schafer, Director of the Biological Station at Rancho Grande, noticed that five specimens of ZL. semitorquatus were notably heavier than his series of 29 L. s. schaefert Phelps and Phelps, Jr. In 1954 he sent these 34 specimens to Dr. Ernst Mayr at the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge. Dr. Mayr reported to him that the large specimens might be migrant nattererit, as he found a consistent difference in color in addition to the notable non-overlapping measure- ments of wings and tail, and also in weights which Schafer had indi- eated on all the labels. Dr. Mayr suggested to Schifer that the specimens be turned over to us for further study, which was carried out at the American Museum of Natural History. L. s. schaeferi is a common resident at Rancho Grande throughout the year at altitudes from 400 to 1000 meters. The five natterert were all collected during July and August, and all at 1000 meters on the flyway over the highway pass at Portachuelo. (see Las Aves del Parque Nacional ‘‘ Henri Pittier’’ (Rancho Grande) y sus Funciones Ecolégicas. Ernst Schafer y William H. Phelps. Bol. Soc. Ven. Cien. Nat., 16, No. 83, p. 65, 1954.) Comparative measurements (Dr. Mayr’s, the wing flat) : schaeferi. 9 adult males—wing, 181-192 (187) mm.; tail, 78-85 (80.7) ; weight, in grams, 63-84 (74). nattereri. 4 adult males—wing, 206-217 (211.5); tail, 89-100 (94.2) ; weight, 110.5-118.3 (113.2); one specimen of undetermined sex—wing, 214; tail, __; weight, 109.2. In New York, the specimens were compared with 7 natterert from Brazil, all from south of the Amazon. Besides the larger size and greater weight of nattereri the following differences in color were noted, which confirm Dr. Mayr’s notes: the speckling on breast is buffier, less whitish; and the abdomen is more rufous because of fewer and narrower black bars. Dr. Mayr also noted other color differences. As far as we know, natterert has not been previously recorded as a migrant north of the Amazon. Thalurania furcata rostrifera, new subspecies Type: From Cerro El Teteo, Burgua, Hstado Tachira, Venezuela; 850 meters. No. 60640, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected July 27, 1954, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Similar to T. f. colombica (Bourcier) but bill longer in both sexes. Bill is also longer than that of the other purple crowned races, I. f. townsendi Ridgway and T. f. venusta (Gould), of Central America. Range: Known from Burgua and the nearby Cerro El Teteo, in the forests of the southwestern corner of the State of Tachira, in the Tropi- eal and lower Subtropical Zones at altitudes from 350 to 1250 meters. Description of Type: Forehead and lores uniformly Violet Ultra- Phelps and Phelps, Jr—Buirds from Cerro El Teteo 129 marine; rest of head, nape and upper tail-coverts Rinnemann’s Green; scapular region Lyons Blue; rump with a more bronzy tinge. Chin, throat and forebreast lustrous, glittering Emerald Green X Cendre Green; forebreast, sides, flanks and abdomen Lyons Blue. Wing Dark Slate Violet; median upper wing-coverts greenish, the lesser ones bluish; under wing-coverts bluish green. Tail Dusky Blue. Bill (in life) ‘‘black’’; feet ‘‘black’’; iris ‘‘dark.’’ Wing, 53 mm.; tail, 40; exposed culmen, 21; culmen from base, 25; tarsus 4. Remarks: Sexes unlike in color, the males with longer wings and tail. Size similar to colombica except bill longer. Range of measurements: nine adult males, including type—wing, 51-55 (52.8) mm.; tail, 36-42 (39.1); exposed culmen (8), 20-22 (20.9); five adult females—wing, 47-51 (48.8); tail, 29-32 (30.4) ; exposed culmen, 21-22 (21.6). Measure- ments of colombica (from San Agustin and La Candela, Huila)— wing, 50-55 (52.7); tail (9), 36-41 (38.4); exposed culmen, 16-17.5 (17.1); five adult females—wing, 49-52 (50); tail, 28-32 (29.4); ex- posed culmen, 17-18.5 (18). Deseription of female. They are greenish above, more bronzy on crown; underparts grayish; remiges as in male; tail is square instead of forked as in male, the rectrices blue with greenish luster basally and the four outermost ones broadly tipped with white. Description of juvenal male. One specimen, No. 60545. Forehead green, similar to rest of head and back, instead of the violet blue of the adult; the blue on upper parts is less extensive and greener; and the blue of posterior under parts is limited to spots on a dusky ground and these are Benzol Green instead of Lyons Blue as in the adult. Two specimens of colombica, also from Tachira, are from the north- ern slopes of the Andes, in the Lake Maracaibo watershed. Specimens Examined T. f. townsendi.3—NICARAGUA: 20.” T. f. venusta.2A—COSTA RICA: 34.2 PANAMA: 37.2 T. f. colombica.—COLOMBIA:? San Agustin, Huila, 10 ¢, 2 Q; Andalucia, 1 ¢, 1 @; La Candela, 4 ¢, 3 9; Hl Consuelo, 1 ¢; ‘*Bogota,’? 20 [3], 6 [2]; Santa Marta region, 22 ¢, 22 9. VENE- ZUELA: La Sabana, Perija, 2 [¢]; Cerro Pejochaina, 2 6, 1 [9]; Kunana, 1 [9]; Barranquilla, 1 ¢, 2 [9]; Cerro Mashirampé, 1 ¢; Seboruco, Tachira, 2 ¢ ; La Azulita, Méida, 1 ¢*; Cerro El Cerrén, Lara, 3 6, 1 @; Quebrada Arriba, 1 ¢; Altmira, Barinas, 2 ¢. T. f. rostrifera—VENEZUELA: Cerro El Teteo, Tachira, 7 ¢, 4 @, 5 [9],1 6 juv.; Burgua, 3 ¢ (ine. type), 2 9,119]. Sittasomus griseicapillus tachirensis, new subspecies Type: From Cerro El Teteo, Burgua, Estado Tachira, Venezuela; 700 meters. No. 60603, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult (female) collected July 23, 1954, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to S. g. griseus Jardine, of the north coast of Venezuela and Tobago, from which it differs by more olivaceous, less yellowish, upper and lower parts and darker, more reddish, less orange, rump and upper tail-coverts. 2For localities see Zimmer, Bds. Peri, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1474, p. 19, Nov. 10, 1950. 8Specimens in American Museum of Natural History. 130 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Range: Known from the extreme southwestern part of the State of TAchira in forests of the Tropical Zone at altitudes between 300 and 800 meters. Description of type: Top of head and back Dark Citrine; rump and upper tail-coverts Amber Brown. Under parts Buffy Olive; under tail coverts Sudan Brown. Wings Fuscous; outer vanes of remiges irregularly margined with rusty; tertails broadly tipped with Hazel, the inner ones entirely Hazel; inner webs of remiges, except the more outer ones, traversed in the middle by a broad Light Buff band; lesser upper wing-coverts margined with olivaceous; under wing-coverts and axillar- ies Light Buff. Tail Amber Brown, paler on under surface; shafts of rectrices Mars Orange. Bill (im life) ‘‘black, base gray;’’ feet, ‘‘gray;’’ iris ‘‘dark.’’ Wing, 68 mm.; tail, 62; exposed culmen, 14; culmen from base, 17; tarsus, 16. Remarks: Sexes alike in color but males with longer wings and tail. Size similar to griseus. Range of measurements: four adult males— wing, 77 - 82 (79) mm.; tail, 73 - 81 (76) ; eulmen from base 17 - 17 (17); two adult [females], including type—wing, 68-70 (69); tail, 62 - 67 (64.5) ; culmen from base, 16-17 (16.5). Measurements of griseus, from the northeastern coast of Venezuela: five adult males—wing, 83 - 85 (83.8); tail, 78-85 (81.6); culmen from base, 17-19 (18.2); four adult females—wing, 69 - 74 (71.7); tail, 68 - 75 (71); culmen from base, 17 - 18 (17.2). Three immature specimens are dusky olive both above and below. A male has not been used as the type as they have some of the primaries in moult. The males of this species are larger than the females; we presume that the type is a female because of its smaller size. Specimens Examined S. g. sylvioides\—MEXICO: 5. NIGARAGUA: 2. HONDURAS: 5. COSTA RICA: 18. S. g. levis—PANAMA: 18°. S. g. perijanus VENEZUELA: Zulia: La Sabana, Perij4, 2 6,2 9, 2 (2); Cerro Yin-Taina, 3 6,1 6,1 (2); Cerro Pejochaina, 3 6,2 2; Cerro Mashirampé, 2 6,1 (?). S. g. tachirensis—VENEZUELA: Tachira: Cerro Hl Teteo, Burgua, 1 [2] (type), 1 (2) juv.; Burgua,3¢,1[9],1 @ juv., 1 imm,; Santo Domingo, 1 ¢. S. g. griseus —VENEZUELA: 23‘; Lara: Cerro El Cerrén, 3 ¢; Cerro El Cogollal, 1 ¢, 1 ¢ juv., 2 9; Cubiro, 1 9, (3). Carabobo: Urama, 1 2; Colonia Chirgua, 2 2; Hda. Santa Clara, 1 (?). Distrito Federal: San José de Los Caracas, 1 6, 1 2. Miranda: Cerro Golfo Triste, 38 G@, 2° @; Cerro Negro,-2 6, 1 (2); Lacarizuaienee Anzodtegui: Quebrada Bonita, 5 6, 4 @, 1 (?). Sucre: Los Altos, 1 @. Monagas: Caripe, 4 6,1 6 juv., 1 9, 2 (?). TOBAGO: 2 4, Sle S. g. amazonas—VENEZUELA: 4°. Terr. Amazonas: Yavita Pimichin portage, 1 $6, 2 @; San Fernando de Atabapo, 1 @. COLOMBIA: 1°. ECUADOR: 7°. PERU: 16°. BRAZIL: 35°. S. g. axillaris—VENEZUELA: 6°. Terr. Amazonas: Cerro Paraque, 1 6,3 2; Cerro Yavi, 1 (2); Cerro Camani, 1 ¢; Cerro Part, 1 9. Bolivar: Cerro El Negro, 1 2; Puerto Carretico, Rio Mato, 2 6,1 9; Phelps and Phelps, Jr—Birds from Cerro El Teteo 131 Cerro Sarisariiama, 1 9; La Paragua, 1 2; Cerro Tigre, 2 2, 2 (2%); Cerro Guaiquinima, 2 ¢, 1 2; Salto Maiza, 1 (?); Santa Elena, 1 2, 1 @; Cerro Paurai-tepui, 4 ¢, 1 (?); Cerro Auyan-tepui, 3 ¢, 2 9; Cerro Chimantd-tepui, 4 6, 2 (%); Cerro Aprada-tepui, 1 ¢,1 9,1 (%); Cerro Ptari-tepui, 9 3,8 9,4 (?); Kabanayén, 1 ¢; Rio Karuai, 1 9; Cerro Uei-tepui, 1 ¢@; Arabupu, 1 ¢, 1 2; El Dorado, 1 ¢; Nuria, 1 6; Cerro Tomasote, 1 ¢; BRAZIL: Marurukao Creek, Rio Cotinga, 1 (2); 23°. S. g. grisecapilluss—BOLIVIA: 2. BRAZIL: 16. PARAGUAY: 3. 8. g. aequatorialis*—ECUADOR: 19. PERU, 7. ARGENTINA: 20. S. g. reisert.—_BRAZIL: 3°. S. g. olivaceus—BRAZIL: 2°. S. g. sylviellus*—BRAZIL: 22. ARGENTINA: 5. Thripadectes holostictus holostictus (Sclater and Salvin) Automolus holostictus Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 542, 1875 (1876). (Medellin, Colombia.) 2 6, 1 4. Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, TAchira (south- western) ; 1900 meters. These specimens extend the range of the species to Venezuela from Colombia and Ecuador. Sclerurus albigularis kunanensis Aveledo and Ginés Sclerurus albigularis kunanensis Aveledo and Ginés, Mem. Soe. Cien. Nat. La. Salle, No. 26, p. 66, 1950 (Kunana, Hoya del Rio Negro, Perija, Zulia. ) 1 3, 1 9, 2 (3), Cerro Alto del Cedro (summit, 450 meters), Colombian boundary, Montes de Oca, extreme northwestern Zulia. These specimens constitute an extension of range to Colombia from the Venezuelan Perijaé region. Camp was on the international boundary line, so the specimens are considered to be from both Venezuela and Colombia. For description of the locality see Phelps and Phelps Jr., Five New Venezuelan Birds and Nine Extensions of Ranges to Colombia, Proc. Biol. Soe. Wash., 68, p. 47, 1955. These have been compared with 4 ¢ and 4 @ of S. a. propinquus Bangs the Santa Marta region, in the American Museum of Natural History. In our collection are 21 additional specimens from the Rio Negro, Perija, region further to the south. Thamnistes anabatinus gularis, new subspecies Type: From Cerro Hl Teteo, Burgua, Estado TAchira, Venezuela; 1250 meters. No. 60633-A, Phelps Collection. Caracas. Adult male collected August 9, 1954, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to T. anabatinus aequatorialis Sclater but differs from all races by darker, more ochraceous, less yellowish throat. Range: Known from three specimens from Cerro El Teteo in the 4Specimens in American Museum of Natural History. For localities see Phelps and Gilliard, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1100, p. 6, 1940. Specimens in Am, Mus. Nat. Hist. For localities see Zimmer, Bds. Peri, Am, Mus. Nov., No. 757, p. 10, 1934. 132 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington extreme southwestern part of the State of TAchira, in the forests of the lower Subtrophical Zone at 1250 meters altitude. Description of Type: Forehead Dresden Brown merging into the Prout’s Brown of crown; nape and back Medal Bronze merging into the more olivaceous rump and more rufous upper tail-coverts; whitish shafts showing faintly on feathers of scapular region; and extensive semi-concealed back patch, the feathers with a dusky transverse bar, and basal half Cinnamon Rufous; a broad buffy whitish superciliary stripe commencing at base of bill; lores and a wide postorbital stripe darker than Medal Bronze. Chin buffy whitish; forethroat paler than Yellow Ochre merging into the browner than Ochraceous Tawny of median throat, which in turn merges into the olivaceous ochraceous of breast, which merges into the more olivaceous of abdomen and sides; flanks and under tail-coverts more grayish; thighs olivaceous brown. Inner vanes of primaries darker than Natal Brown and of secondaries brownish olive; tertials entirely olivaceous; outer vanes of primaries and secondaries, and upper wing-coverts, nearest to Brussels Brown, lighter on outer primaries; margins of inner vanes of remiges Salmon- Buff, progressively from the base to the middle. Middle rectrices Brussels Brown, others Antique Brown, all shaded with dusky on tips; under surfaces paler. Bill (in life) ‘‘Maxilla black, mandible gray;’’ feet ‘‘olivaceous green;’’ iris ‘‘chestnut.’’ Wing, 74 mm.; tail 66; exposed culmen, 17; culmen from base, 21; tarsus, 20.5. Remarks: Sexes unlike in color. Size similar to aequatorialis. Range of measurements: two adult males (including type)—wing, 72-74 (73) mm.; tail, 60-66 (63); culmen from base, 21-21 (21); one adult female—wing, 72; tail, 62; culmmen from base 22. Measurements of aequatorialis, from Eeuador*: five adult males—wing, 73-75.5 (74.4); tail, 55 - 63 (59.8); eulmen from base, 21 - 22 (21.6); five adult females —wing, 72-78 (74.6); tail, 57-63 (59.6); culmen from base, 21 - 22 (CALEY) 2 Females differs by lacking the dorsal patch. The genus is new to Venezuela and the range of the species has been extended from the Bogota region. It is possible that ‘‘ Bogota’’ specimens of aequatorialis (which we have not seen) belong to the new race inas- much as Hellmayr® says: ‘‘two ‘‘Bogotd’’ skins differ from an east Ecuadorian specimen by deeper ochraceous throat and foreneck,’’ which is the character of the new subspecies. Specimens Examined T. a. anabatinusy—GUATEMALA®: 4 [6], 2 [9]. T. a. saturatus*—NICARAGUA: Chontales, 1 9; Rio Coca, 1 6; io Tuma,1 ¢; Rio Grande, 1 ¢. COSTA RICA: Bonilla, 3 ¢; Carillo, , L 23; Voleén del Oso, 1 9; Rio Naranjo, 1 9; Aquinares, 1¢, @; Jiménez, 2 6; Guacimo, 1 Q. T. a. coronatus—PANAMA: Cituro,1 3% T. a. gularis—VENEZUELA: Cerro El Teteo, Burgua, 2 6 (ine. type), 1 9. T. a. aequatorialis:\—COLOMBIA: Mt. Macarena, 1 6, 1 @Q. ECUADOR: below San José, 3 6, 49; Rio Suno, above Avila, 2 ¢, il tepe Phelps and Phelps, Jr.—Birds from Cerro El Teteo 133 T. a. intermedius*s—COLOMBIA: Alto Bonito, 1 9. ECUADOR: La Chonta, 1 ¢,1 2; Las Pifias, 1 9; Lita, 2 ¢,1 2; Rio Verde, 1 9. T. a. rufescens*—PERU: Rio Inambari, 1 9; Rio Tavara, 1 9. Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris cinnamomeiventris (Lafresnaye) Ochtoeca cinnamomeiventris cinnamomeiventris lLafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 6, p. 291, 1843. (Bogota.) 1 $6, 2 @, Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, TAchira (south western) ; 1900 meters. These specimens extend the range of the subspecies to Venezuela from the Colombian slopes of the Parama de Tama. Platyrinchus flavigularis flavigularis Sclater Platyrinchus flavigularis flavigularis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 382, 1861. (Bogota.) This subspecies ceases to have a Venezuelan range. A Venezuelan range was given to it by Hellmayr’ based on a specimen in the Carnegie Museum from Guarico, Lara. This specimen has been examined by the senior author and found similar to the subspecies P. flavigularis vividus, described from a series of 20 specimens from the Perija region by Phelps and Phelps Jr. Recently a specimen of vividus was collected also at Cerro El Teteo, southwestern TAchira. Platyrinchus mystaceus neglectus (Todd) Platyrinchus mystaceus neglectus (Todd), Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 114, 1919. (La Colorada, Boyaca, Colombia). 1 9 Cerro El Teteo, Burgua, southwestern Tachira; 1250 meters. This specimen extends the range of the subspecies to Venezuela from Colombia. This race was supposed to be that which inhabited the Perijé region of northwestern Zulia,’ but the Perijé population was found to be different and was subsequently described by us as P. m. perijanus”. Archiplanus leucoramphus leucoramphus (Bonaparate) Xanthornus leucoramphus Bonaparte, Atti Sesta Riun. Sci. Ital., Milano, p. 405, (1844), 1845. (‘‘Bogota,’’ Colombia.) 1 6,1 2, Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, southwestern Tachira; 1900 meters. These specimens extend the range of the species to Venezuela from the Colombian slopes of the Paramo de Tama. Tangara parzudakii parzudakii (Lafresnaye) Tanagra parzudakii Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 6, p. 97, 1843. (environs of Bogota, Colombia. ) 1 9, Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, southwestern TAchira; 1900 meters. This specimen extends the range of the species to Venezuela from Colombia. ®Birds of the Americas, etc., Part III, p. 113, 1924. 7Birds of the Americas, etc., Part V, p. 264, 1927. 8Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 65, p. 63, 1952. ®Phelps, W. H. Las Aves de Perija, Bol. Soc. Ven. Cien. Nat., No. 56, p. 313, 94 3. 10Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 67, p. 109, 1954. 134 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Compsocoma flavinucha victorini (Lafresnaye) Tachyphonus victorini Lafresnaye, Rey. Zool., 5, p. 336, 1842. (‘*Bogota,’’? Colombia.) 6 6,7 9, Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, southwestern TAchira; 1900 meters. This specimen extends the range of the subspecies to Venezuela from Colombia. ay Ay SEP 24 1956 LIBRARY Vol. 69, pp. 135-144 September 12, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW SUBSPECIES OF GOPHER FROG (RANA CAPITO LECONTE) By AusBertT SCHWARTZ AND JULIAN R. Harrison, III The Charleston Museum Charleston 16, S. C. The first record of the occurrence of Rana capito LeConte outside of the states of Florida and Georgia is that of Deckert (1920 :26) who reported the taking of a specimen of the gopher frog near Pinelands, Hampton County, South Carolina. Chamberlain (1939:28) suggested that this record may ac- tually refer to Pineland, Jasper County; Pineland lies ap- proximately three miles south of the Hampton-Jasper county line in the latter county. The first North Carolina specimen was taken by Brandt (1936 :220) in Beaufort County; gopher frogs were heard calling, and were observed in the Beaufort County region, but Brandt considered them the rarest frog of eastern North Carolina. A second North Carolina specimen was reported by Schwartz and Etheridge (1954:170), from Jones County. Two additional adults have been taken in South Carolina; both of these are from Berkeley County (Quinby and Harrison, 1956, in press). At the time that the present study was begun, there were thus only five specimens of Rana capito on record from localities north of the Savannah River. Repeated attempts during the past three years to secure additional specimens of Rana capito from South Carolina have failed. Although tadpoles have been taken on one occasion, no calling adults or egg masses were ever encountered. On and before September 4, 1955, the coastal area of South Carolina was deluged with rain. In the vicinity of Charleston, 5.1 inches of precipitation were recorded, and ponds and borrow pits in the pine woods were flooded to a depth of as much as two feet. Low areas in the pinelands were likewise inundated. On this date, a single male gopher frog was heard calling from the edge of a borrow pit, .9 mi. N Cainhoy, Berkeley County, South Carolina, and a large chorus was heard and fifteen specimens collected in another, deeply flooded borrow pit at 6 mi. N Cainhoy, on South Carolina State Route 21—Proc. Biou. Soc. WASH., VoL. 69, 1956 (135) > Oo 10R¢e 136 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 41. In an effort to locate additional frogs, on September 5, 1955, a trip was made to the southwestern portion of the state, and a large chorus was encountered in flooded pine woods, 2.5 mi. S Scotia, Hampton County. This locality is about 8 miles nerthwest of Pineland, and thus serves to confirm Deckert’s original record for South Carolina. At this locality, twenty-two specimens were collected. The latest revision of the frogs of the Rana areolata group (which includes R. capito) is that of Goin and Netting (1940). These authors described Rana sevosa from eastern Louisiana, and southern Missis- sippi and Alabama. They did not examine the two specimens then on record from North Carolina and South Carolina, but cited the counties whence these specimens had been taken in their thorough list of localities and references to frogs of this group. We have examined Brandt’s specimen from North Carolina, but have been unable to locate Deckert’s individual from Jasper County. The known distribution of Rana capito and Rana sevosa remains much as it was shown by Goin and Netting, although in a later paper (1942: 259), Netting and Goin recorded an additional specimen of R. sevosa from east of Mobile Bay; this is the first record of this frog from the east of that embayment. Brandt (1953: 144) recorded the taking of a R. capito in Bleckley County, Georgia. Superficial examination of the forty specimens now available from South Carolina and two specimens from North Carolina indicated that these frogs were distinct from R. capito as known to us from Florida. In order to assess the differences between the more northern material and that from Florida, we have borrowed comparative material from the following collections, and wish to express our thanks to the curators who have allowed us to borrow material in their care: Charles M. Bogert and Richard G. Zweifel, American Museum of Natural History; (AMNH); Neil D. Richmond, Carnegie Museum (CM); Edward C. Raney, Cornell University (CU); G. J. Love, Emory University Field Station (EFS); Arthur Loveridge, Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ); Norman EH. Hartweg and William E. Duellman, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (UMMZ); Doris M. Cochran, United States National Museum (USNM). Dr. Cochran and Dr. Remington Kellogg have allowed us to borrow the holotypes of Rana capito Le- Conte and Rana aesopus Cope, and Dr. Hartweg has loaned us a series of paratypes of R. sevosa Goin and Netting for comparison. In addition to the material from the collections noted above, we have studied the specimens in the Charleston Museum (ChM) and in the collection of the senior author (AS). We wish also to thank John A. Quinby and Charles H. Haddock for their assistance in collecting gopher frogs in South Carolina. All measurements are in millimeters. Rana capito stertens, subsp. nov. Holotype.—Charleston Museum 55.146.12, an adult male, from 6 mi. N Cainhoy, Berkeley County, South Carolina; taken September 4, 1955, by Julian R. Harrison, III, John A. Quinby, and Albert Schwartz. Paratypes.—Fourteen specimens with the same locality data as the holo- type, in the following collections: AMNH 58371, 58372; USNM 137279, 137280; CM 34060, 34061; UMMZ 113415, 113416; MCZ 28414, 28415; ChM 55.146.11 (4). Schwartz and Harrison—Subspecies of Gopher Frog 137 Distribution. Known only from the lower Coastal Plain in South Caro- lina and North Carolina, north of the Savannah River. Diagnosis——A gopher frog related to Rana capito capito from Florida and southern Georgia, but differing from that subspecies in complete absence of yellow or straw colored dorsolateral folds, dark ground color on dorsum with consequently inconspicuous dorsal spots, transversely fused dark blotches on dorsum in sacral region, dark bars on femora distinetly wider than light interspaces and less boldly delineated, heavily spotted venter, and dorsolateral folds narrower and more prominent than in &. capito. From R. c. sevosa, R. c. stertens differs in broader and less prominent (lower) dorsolateral folds, dorsal glandular warts closely placed so as to be almost pavement-like rather than discrete as in &. c. sevosa, dorsal blotches in sacral region fused to form transverse bars. Description of holotype—An adult male with the following measure- ments: snout-vent length, 83.5; head length, 30.7; head width, 35.5; femur, 36.6; tarsus, 23.2; tibia, 39.2; fourth toe, 39.2; snout to naris, 7.4; naris to eye, 5.5; internarial distance, 5.3; interocular distance, 7.5; length of eye, 10.1; diameter of tympanum, 6.3; interolecranal ex- tent, 62.5; intergenual extent, 67.8. Coloration of type (taken immedi- ately before preservation: all capitalized color names from Ridgway, 1912): dorsal ground color Saceardo’s Umber, blotches black; warts on sides and upper jaw Saccardo’s Umber; dorsolateral folds Saccardo’s Umber, indistinguishable from dorsal ground color; iris black flecked with gold; hind legs dorsally Sacecardo’s Umber, grading quickly to Old Gold on anterior aspect, thighs Primuline Yellow on mesad apsect; throat Naples Yellow; venter Light Cadmium, grading to Buff Yellow centrally; axillae Light Cadmium; ventral surface of hind legs Apricot Yellow. After preservation, the coloration is as described above except that all yellows have become faded to a dull buff. The general aspect is of a dark frog with inconspicuous dorsal blotches, and without yellow dorsolateral folds rather than a light gray or whitish frog with dark, diserete, conspicuous dorsal blotches (as in R. c. capito). The dorsolateral folds begin on the snout above the nares and continue posteriorly almost to the groin; they are heavily pitted, and not prominent, but rather are low and relatively inconspicuous. Between the dorsolateral folds, the skin is raised in a series of glandular warts, less in width than the dorsolateral folds, and almost pavement-like (ie., closely approximately with little unraised skin showing free be- tween them). Four or five rows of warts lie between the dorsolateral folds, depending upon the size of the warts, which are smaller an- teriorly, and tend to be fused longitudinally from the region of the shoulders posteriorly to form a series of four longitudinally linear warts, closely appressed between the dorsolateral folds. A labial ridge begins at the angle of the jaw and progresses over the shoulder to end abruptly posterior to the insertion of the forelimb. The dorsal pattern is composed of three to four longitudinal series of black blotches, more or less discrete anteriorly, and fused transversely from the region of the sacrum posteriorly. Below the dorsolateral folds, black blotches extend ventrally to the lateral margins of the belly. The dorsal aspect of the forearms shows three irregularly defined black bars, while 138 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington the upper arm has one poorly defined bar. There is a black spot at the elbow. All the bars and spots on the forelimbs are irregular in shape and the brown interspaces between the black bars have scattered black dots. The hindlimbs are likewise barred inconspicuously with black; there are four black bars on the femur, including a wide band at the groin, and four or five black bands on the tibia. These are irregularly in outline, wider than the brown interspaces (which are much stippled and mottled with black), and do not extend onto the ventral surface of the femora or tibiae respectively. The tarsus has two or three black bands on its posterior surface. These bands break up into blotches on the dorsal surface of the foot, thus giving the dorsal surface of the toes and web a mottled appearance. The concealed surface of the femur is heavily mottled and suffused with black, with two transverse bars moderately conspicuous. The lips are brown, mottled with black. The venter is heavily pig- mented with black. This ventral pigmentation is arranged as blotches from the region of the lower jaw posteriorly to the level of the fore- limb and onto the ventral surface of that member. Immediately posterior to the foreclimb, on either side, are a pair of black, crescentic irregular bars, which are curved about the insertion of the forelimb. The re- mainder of the venter is heavily stipped, clouded, and blotched with black, the individual markings being smaller centrally and somewhat larger and more conspicuous peripherally. The ventral aspect of the thighs is mottled with black, and the same condition persists on the ventral surface of the tibiae. The line of demarcation between the brown dorsal coloration and the buff ventral color is gradual rather than sharp. In order of decreasing size, the fingers are 3-1-2-4, and digit 1 has a well developed gray pad on its medial aspect. The fingers are only very slightly webbed. The toes are slender and not dilated at the tips; in order of decreasing size, the toes are 4-3-5-2-1. The webbing on the hindfoot is moderate; the webbing extends onto the penultimate phalanx on digits 1, 2, 3, and 5, and extends to the penultimate articula- tion of the fourth toe. Variation.—Of forty-one specimens of &. c. stertens at hand from North Carolina and South Carolina, ten are females. Sexual differences in the Rana areolata group of frogs are not marked; Goin and Netting (op. cit.:152) noted especially that in R. capito, males differ from females in having enlarged forearms, a gray nuptial pad on the inner side of the first finger, and lateral vocal pouches. They also stated that male R. capito often have the dorsolateral folds, warts, axillae and groin marked with yellow, and that females achieved the larged size. Other than regarding color, our specimens agree well with these statements. Since &. c. stertens is characterized by the lack of yellow or straw-colored dorsolateral folds, it is obvious that this criterion cannot be employed to ascertain the sex of an individual, and sex of individuals was determined by dissection. Since sexual differences are not pronounced, in the follow- ing discussion of color and pattern variation, both males and females are included as a unit. The dark dorsal coloration and absence of distinctly colored dorsola- teral folds is pronounced ine the entire series. A single individual was kept alive in the laboratory for eight days; during this period, it displayed no Schwartz and Harrison—Subspecies of Gopher Frog 139 metachrosis and we thus assume that the dark coloration of the series is the customary one for this subspecies. In all, the ground color is dark, in most individuals so dark that the dorsal black blotches are observed with difficulty. The blotches themselves are usually closely approximated to each other and roughly circular to quadrate in shape. These black blotches are not confined to the dorsal warts, but rather indescriminately lie across the warts and also encroach upon or overlie the dorsolateral folds, thereby rendering both dorsolateral folds and warts less obvious. In the sacral region, the dorsal black blotches are transversely elongate (due to the fusion of two adjacent blotches) and form a series of transverse blotches or bars. The ground color between the dorsal blotches is usually very restricted and much stippled or dotted with black. The black bars on the thigh vary between 3 and 6; these bars are irregular in outline and conspicuously wider than the light interspaces, which are stippled and blotched with black. In some specimens the light interspaces are very restricted and almost limited to a light line between the wide black bars. The same condition applies to the tibial markings, which vary between 3 and 6. Again, these are only moderately distinct, wider than the accompanying light interspaces, and are often much broken and irregular at the edges. The entire animal gives the impression, when viewed dorsally, of a very dark frog with incon- spicuously spotted dorsum and inconspicuously barred hindlimbs. The dorsolateral folds are moderately broad and, although somewhat raised, are not so prominent as those of &. c. sevosa but are more prominent and narrower than those of &. c. capito. Thus, the dorsolateral folds are intermediate in condition between those of the remaining two subspecies, although the range of R&R. c. stertens is not intermediate between the ranges of &. c. capito and R. c. sevosa. The dorsal warts are much as those described in the type; they are usually closely approximated and broad, thereby almost filling the region between the dorsolateral folds. The warts are subcireular or elongate anteriorly, and, progressing posteriorly, become more linear and oblong, with the axis directed anteroposteriorly. Although generally discrete, the warts have a strong tendency to fuse longitudinally from the sacral region posteriorly. . The concealed surfaces of the thigh are very mottled or marbled with black, often to the exclusion of any conspicuous light areas. The mottling or marbling is often organized into one or two transverse poorly defined bars on the posterior surface of the thighs, or it may give the appearance of a continuation of the dark bars which cross the anterior and dorsal aspect of the thighs. The venter is heavily spotted in all specimens. Anteriorly, on the throat and chest region, the dark pigmentation is usually confined to relatively large, pigmented areas, giving a mottled appearance. This mottled coloration continues onto the belly in some specimens (pre- dominately so in females), where to the large blotches are often added minute stipples or cloudings of black, so that in extreme examples the belly is quite dark and heavily stippled and mottled with black as far posteriorly as the groin. The size of the black pigmented areas varies between individuals, and the posterior extent of the black pigmentation is likewise variable, but in almost all cases the venter is consistently 140 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington more heavily pigmented than the venter of RB. c, capito. Comparisons.—Rana c. stertens requires little comparison with FR. c. capito from Florida and Georgia. The new subspecies is readily dif- ferentiated from the more southern race by virtue of its darker color and more obscure dorsal blotching, absence of yellow or straw-colored dorsolateral folds, heavily spotted venter, details of barring on the thighs, fusion of dorsal blotches in the sacral region, and more warty dorsum. We have examined the holotypes of Rana capito LeConte (USNM 5903, presumably from Riceboro, Liberty County, Georgia) and Rana aesopus Cope (USNM 4743, from Micanopy, Alachua County, Florida). The latter specimen is typical of specimens from Florida, dis- playing, despite its small size (snout-vent length 47.1 mm.) the straw- colored dorsolateral folds typical of Floridan &. c. capito. The holotype of R. capito is an adult male (snout-vent length 80.0 mm.); this speci- men presently measures 26.7 mm. smaller than LeConte’s (1855:425) original measurement, a fact already commented upon by Harper (1935:79, 81). The specimen is old and faded, and little indication of its original coloration yet remains. LeConte published a plate of this specimen, and comparison of the holotype and the figure indicates that the delineation in the latter is quite accurate. Since there is no indica- tion, either on the specimen, plate, or from LeConte’s description, of yellow dorsolateral folds, it might be argued that &. capito LeConte is the appropriate name for the gopher frogs north of the Savannah River; Riceboro is indeed approximately 30 miles below the Savannah River in Georgia. However Wright and Wright (1949:435) described both a male and female from the Okefinokee Swamp as possessing dorsolateral folds of a ‘‘honey yellow to mustard or buff’’ color in the former and ‘‘cream buff or tilleul buff’’ in the latter. It is possible that, when further specimens from Riceboro are available, that it can be shown that the population in Liberty County is intermediate between R. c. capito in southern Georgia and Florida and &. c. stertens north of the Savannah River. We have seen no material from Georgia and Florida which agrees with our concept of B&R. c. stertens as here defined. Superficially, #. c. stertens and R. c. sevosa resemble each other in- sofar as dorsal coloration and pattern are concerned. The arrangement of R. sevosa as a subspecies of R. capito follows the usage of Schmidt (1953:79). There seems to be little evidence for. this arrangement; no intergrades between &. capito and R. sevosa have been reported, al- though, as noted above, Netting and Goin (1942) reported a gopher frog from east of Mobile Bay, which ‘‘agrees with typical sevosa in mor- phology and ventral markings, but differs somewhat in dorsal pattern; the ground color is lighter gray, and the dark spots superimposed upon it are somewhat larger and less numerous than in the most sevosa. ... It is possible that the atypical dorsal pattern of this specimen may indicate some capito tendencies in the population east of Mobile Bay, and that sevosa and capito may be found to intergrade somewhere in the area between Baldwin County, Alabama, and Berrien County, Georgia.’’ We have had available for examination one specimen (EFS 54, an immature individual, from 1 mi. SE Emory Field Station, Baker Co., Georgia) from the intervening area. This specimen is presently in poor condition, but it appears to represent the subspecies capito. Baker County is approximately 60 miles due west of Berrien County, the Schwartz and Harrison—Subspecies of Gopher Frog 141 previously western most locality for R. c. capito in southern Georgia. Morphologically, R. o. stertens is readily distinguishable from R. ec. sevosa, The development of the dorsal warts and the width and height of the dorsolateral folds immediately separate these two subspecies. Judging from the ten paratypes of R. c. sevosa which we have examined, we note that the dorsolateral folds are narrow and high in this sub- species, and on the other hand are broad and flatter in R. c. stertens. Although this is not a quantitative difference, it is nonetheless apparent when specimens of the two forms are compared. In R. ec. stertens, the area between the dorsolateral folds is almost completely filled by the closely approximated dorsal warts, giving a pavement-like effect. In BR. c. sevosa, the warts are discrete and separated from one another by intervening areas of rugose skin. The dorsal warts in R. c. sevosa are narrow and often quite linear. Although the posterior warts in R&R. ce. stertens are often linear, they are always broader and not so highly raised. These structural features indicate to us that #. c. stertens is more closely related to R&. c. capito, which occurs to the south, rather than to the western &. c. sevosa, which R. c. stertens resembles in colora- tion and pattern development. Measurements taken in this study include snout-vent length, head width, and tibia length. This is in accordance with the view held by Goin and Netting (op. cit.:145) that these are the only measurements in anurans that can be taken with sufficient accuracy to be worth publish- ing. The writers also feel that fourth toe length is worthy of considera- tion and have accordingly included this measurement. In Rana ec. stertens there is a slight difference in size between males and females in all measurements except that of the fourth toe. These differences, are, however, only of one or two millimeters in magnitude, and are probably of minor importance (see Table 1). The measure- ments are based upon a relatively small series of specimens (ten females and twenty-nine males from South Carolina) and may have no real significance. In any case, sexual dimorphism with respect to size in &. c. stertens is not marked. It is apparent from Table 1 that, in R. c. capito, sexual dimorphism as related to snout-vent length is somewhat greater, although here again the small number of specimens must be taken into consideration. Comparisons with R#. c¢. sevosa were made from figures given by Goin and Netting. It was felt that measurements taken by the writers on ten paratypes of &. c. sevosa from Mississippi were not adequate for comparison. On the basis of twenty-one males and twenty-nine females from Mississippi, their figures indicate that sexual dimorphism with respect to snout-vent length is even more ap- parent in R&. c. sevosa. Here the difference between males and females is one of several millimeters. Males and females of &. c. stertens average larger than males and females of &. c. capito from Georgia and North Florida. When com- pared with males and females of R#. c. capito from central and southern Florida, males and females of BR. c. stertens revealed no appreciable differences in size. R. c. sevosa (using Goin and Netting’s figures) is closer, with respect to snout-vent length, to specimens of R. c. capito from Georgia and north Florida than it is to specimens of BR. c. stertens from South Carolina or &. c. capito from central and southern Florida. Three ratios were used in this study: snout-vent/head width, snout- 142 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington (OFFS FE) SLE (8°88-L'63) LS (O'T#-T'3E) 9°98 (#'88-0'FE) LOE (T'TF-T'3E) 9°SE (S'OF-T'LE) 6 FE (9°9€-S'°3E) O'FE (6°'LF-L'TS) 8°98 FOL (GSP-T'FE) TOF (7 BF-L'08) BLE (9'SP-F'LE) FIP (L°TF-0°SE) 38S (S'OF-1'S$) O'6E (Z8F-3E) LLE (O'TF-EFES) OLE (LTP-S'S8) FLE DIOL (O°0F-S'3k) F9E (FO0F-3LZ) 9'FE (F'0F-G'1Z) 8°SE (3'0F-0°S8) TLE (SOF-TTE) SPE (T'TF-8°63) 1°88 (€°L8-0'08) 9°3E (¢°68-0'TE) 8°Eg YIpun poe TT (198-883) LT'3s (8'F8-0'S3) FOE (T'98-8°SZ) GLE (3°€8-S'83) TIE (8°S8-6'82) OTE (L'GE-L'SZ) 9°62 (T'18-7'9%) P82 (€'€8-S'93) GOS Yyz0ua) poa (3'00T-8'EL) 198 (3°88-S'°8S) 0°92 (0'F6-F'S9) 3 TS (G'F6-3'08) #98 (S'$6-0°L9) ¥'08 (L'¥6°S'09) L°S2 (G'SL-7'39) GOL (L°06-S°3L) G'E8 quan-.nouy IL 6& G 66 N Spr1oL U194}NOS [VIZ MIAH Bprtold W410 NV BISIOI4 Bul[rep YING So[VUl9 7 Bpriol wy U1dYINOS Y [B1{ U9 Bpr1oly YLON BIS100N) Burporey) GINOs fiyyvo0T to) 1 ANE seals d1ydvisoes ImozZ WoIZ OMdvD DuDY JO sjucutMeads JO (AsUBI potOsqO PU SURE) S}USMIOANSVETY “T qe, Schwartz and Harrison—Subspecies of Gopher Frog 143 Table 2. Ratios (means and observed range) of Rana capito from four geographic areas. Number of specimens as in Table 1. snout-vent/ snout-vent/ Locality head width head length snout-vent/tibia South Carolina 2.33 (2.18-2.56) 2.75 (2.60-3.04) 2.24 (2.10-2.50) Georgia 2.23 (1.98-2.41) 2:53 (2.26-2.71) AQ Ge70=221'3)) North Florida 2.24 (2.02-2.47) 2.55 (2.03-2.85) BOR (fe e277) Central and southern Florida 2.35 (2.08-2.63) 2.64 (2.32-2.88) 2.13 (1.79-2.34) vent/head length, and snout-vent/tibia. Table 2 indicates the possi- bility of a eline with respect to the snout-vent/tibia ratio. In specimens of R. c. capito from central and southern Florida this ratio averages 2.13 (1.79-2.84), and 2.02 (1.73-2.27) in specimens from north Florida. In Georgia specimens of R. c. capito, this ratio averages 1.92 (1.70-2.13). Apparently tibia length increases slightly in size northward in the range of R. c. capito. There is no appreciable difference in snout-vent/head width ratios between #. c. stertens and R. c. capito. The ratio of snout- vent/head length is slightly higher in R. c. stertens than it is in R. c. capito from Georgia and North Florida. In R. c. capito from Central and southern Florida this ratio is closer to that of R. c. ‘stertens. Goin and Netting’s figures indicate that this ratio is somewhat higher in R. c. sevosa. With the exception of the snout-vent/tibia ratio, the values given by Goin and Netting for snout-vent/head length were higher than the values found by the writers for R. c. capito and BR. c. stertens. The former ratio is higher in R. c. stertens than in R. c. sevosa (1.9-2.3; average 2.1). Specimens examined.m—One hundred and forty, as follows: Rana e. stertens: NORTH CAROLINA: Beaufort Co., Washington, 1 (MCZ 21201); Jones Co., 2.4 mi. N. Maysville, 1 (ChM 55.44.7). SOUTH CAROLINA: Berkeley Co., 6 mi. N. Cainhoy, 15 (ChM 55.146.12 (holo- type); AMNH 58371-2, USNM 137279-80, CM 34060-1, UMMZ 113415- 6, MCZ 28414-5, ChM 55.146.11 (4), (all paratypes); 16 mi. NNE Charleston, 1 (ChM 51.28.4); 5 mi. NE Summerville, 1 (ChM 55.90.7) ; Hampton Co., 2.5 mi. S Scotia, 22 (ChM 55.146.9). Rana ec. sevosa: MISSISSIPPI: Jackson Co., Vestry, 10 (UMMZ 71777, UMMZ 76921 (paratypes) ). Rana c. capito: FLORIDA: Alachua Co., Micanopy, 1 (USNM 4743 (type of aesopus)) ; Gainesville, 13 (UMMZ 76922, UMMZ 57771-2, OU 2158, CU 4030, AMNH 32827, AMNH 37084, AMNH 37086) ; near Gainesville, 1 (CM 21434) ; 3 mi. E Gainesville, 1 (CM 20245) ; ‘‘ Twin Oak Pond,’’ 1 (UMMZ 100963); no precise locality given, 1 (UMMZ 57877), 2 (AMNH 52480-1); Charoltte Co., Englewood, 1 (ChM 39.277.8) ; Citrus Co., 3 mi. W Dunnellon, 1 (CM 28457); Duval Co., Dinsmore, 4 (AMNH 15979-15982) ; Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, near Hicoria, 1 (AMNH 52006); Levy Co., no locity given, 3 (USNM_ 57533-57534, USNM 57658); Marion Co., Silver Springs, 2 (UMMZ 95542); Lake Kerr, 28 mi. NE Ocala, 3 (CM 9832-9834) ; Eureka, 13 (AMNH 5898-5899, AMNH 5925-5929, AMNH 5933-5934, 5937, AMNH 5941-5943); Seven Oaks, 1 (AMNH 2982); 20 mi. NW Umatilla near Silver Springs, 1 (AMNH 45141); no precise locality given, 1 (USNM 61062); Nassau Co., 17 mi. S. Hilliard, 1 (CU 811); Little St. Mary’s River, 1 (CM 23465); Okeechobee Co., 5 mi. N 144 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Okeechobee, 1 (AMNH 54346); Orange Co., Orlando, 2 (UMMZ 54085, AMNH 268); Pinellas Co., St. Petersburg, 2 (CU 1500); Polk Co., Auburndale, 1 (USNM 59413); Putnam Co., 3 (USNM 21702- 21704); Sarasota Co. 2.2 mi. NW Englewood, 1 (UMMZ 109256); Englewood, 9 (UMMZ 109257, CM 23447); 1.6 mi. NW Englewood, 1 (AS 311); county indeterminate, Ocklawaha River, 2 (CU 1690). GEORGIA: Baker Co., 1 mi. SE Emory Field Station, 1 (EFS 54); Berrien Co., Nashville, 1 (USNM 11897); Ware Co., Chesser’s Island, Okefinokee Swamp, 9 (CU 125-128, CU 809-810, CU 812-814) ; Liberty Co., Riceboro, 1 (USNM 5903 (type of capito)). LITERATURE CITED Brandt, B. B. 1936. The frogs and toads of eastern North Carolina. Copeia, 4:215-223. 1953. Salientia of Bleckley County, Georgia, and vicinity. Herpetologica, 9(3) :141-145. Chamberlain, EH. Burnham. 1939. Frogs and toads of South Carolina. Charleston Mus. Leaflet 12:1-38. Deckert, R. F. 1920. Note on the Florida gopher frog. Copeia, no. 80:26. Goin, Coleman J., and M. Graham Netting. 1940. A new gopher frog from the Gulf Coast, with comments upon the Rana areolata group. Ann. Carnegie Mus., 28:137-168. Harper, Francis. 1935. The name of the gopher frog. Proc. Biol. Soe. Wash., 48:79-82. LeConte, John. 1855. Descriptive catalogue of the Ranina of the United States. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 7:423-431. Netting, M. Graham, and Coleman J. Goin. 1942. Additional notes on Rana sevosa. Copeia, 4:259. Quinby, John A., and Julian R. Harrison, III. 1956. Additional in- formation concerning some South Carolina amphibians and reptiles. Herpetologica, in press. Ridgway, Robert. 1912. Color standards and color nomenclature. Published by the author, Washington, D. C., pp. i-iii, 1-43, 53 plates. Schmidt, Karl P. 1953. A check list of North American amphibians and reptiles. Amer. Soc. Ichth. and Herp., pp. v-viii, 1-280. Schwartz, Albert, and Richard Etheridge. New and additional her- petological records from the North Carolina Coastal Plain. Her- petologica, 10(3) :167-171. Wright, Albert H., and Anna A. Wright. 1949. Handbook of frogs and toads of the United States and Canada. Comstock Publ. Co., Ithaca, N. Y., pp. vii-xii, 1-640. EN IISE May SEP 24 1956 LIBRARY Vol. 69, pp. 145-152 September 12, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE COTTONTAIL RABBITS (SYLVILAGUS FLORIDANUS) OF PENINSULAR FLORIDA ALBERT SCHWARTZ The Charleston Museum, Charleston, S. C. When Nelson (1909) revised the rabbits of North America, he assigned all specimens of Sylvilagus floridanus from Florida to two subspecies: Sylvilagus f. floridanus (Allen) and Sylvilagus f. mallurus (Thomas). The former (type local- ity, Micco, Brevard Co., Florida) occurs throughout peninsu- lar Florida from sea level to about the 100 foot contour, and occupies all of the southern portion of the peninsula, north- ward to St. Augustine on the east coast and to an unknown distance on the west coast. The northernmost locality of the west coast from which the subspecies floridanus has since been recorded is Gulf Hammock, Levy County (Pearson, 1954 :479). S. f. mallurus (type locality, Raleigh, Wake Co., North Carolina) occupies west and north Florida, and extends southward onto the peninsula, in the interior, as far as Lake Julian, Polk Co. Later, Howell (1939:365) described S. f. ammophilus from Oak Lodge, opposite Micco, Brevard Co., Florida; the range of this subspecies is restricted to the off- shore island or ‘‘peninsula’’ upon which the type locality lies. Hall (1951b:154) cited no new localities whence S. f. am- mophilus has been recorded. The three forms of Sylvilagus floridanus currently recognized as oe- curring in Florida may be briefly differentiated as follows: 1) S. f. flor- idamus—a small, dark, cottontail with short ears and proportionately large tympanic bullae; 2) 8. f. ammophilus—similar in size to S. f. floridanus, but upper parts, sides, head, and ears paler (less blackish) ; 3) S. f. mallurus—larger than either S. f. floridanus or S. f. ammophilus, with upper parts less heavily washed with black than S. f. floridanus; darker than S. f ammophilus; skull larger than that of either of the other two Floridian forms. At the time of Nelson’s revision, apparently there was but a single cottontail available for study from southeastern Florida; Nelson listed (op. cit.: 165) one specimen from Miami. Bangs (1898: 175) had pre- 22—Proc. Bion. Soc, WasH., VoL. 69, 1956 (145) ” 2 195 146 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington viously recorded the oceurrence of cottontails (as Lepus (Sylvilagus) sylvaticus floridanus Allen) from as far south as Miami. Field work con. ducted by the writer in southern Florida during the past seven years has shown that cottontails occur south of Miami along the lower east coast, and specimens have been collected as far south as the vicinity of Home- stead, which lies 27 miles southwest of Miami. Along the lower Florida east coast, cottontails have never been ob- served as being numerous. They inhabit the pine woods which oceur to the east of the Everglades in this area; these open pine woods occur on the East Coast Ridge, an outcropping of oolitic limestone, raised above the level of the Everglades, and nowhere more than about 20 miles in width. To the north of Miami, this oolitic outcropping is replaced by sandy pinewoods, which extend as far north as about the latitude of Hobe Sound, Martin County. In some regions, these sandy pinewoods are replaced by rolling hills and sandy dunes which support growth of serub oak and rosemary (Ceratiola ericoides), rather than the usual pines. The Everglades and their associated swamps and marshes border the pinewoods on the west, and thus a long tongue of sandy and rocky pineland extends from central Martin County south to southern Dade County, a distance of about 120 miles. This tongue of suitable habitat is limited on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the west by the Ever- glades; the ’Glades are not inhabitated by cottontails, but are rather the principal region in southern Florida occupied by the marsh rabbit, Sylvilagus p. paludicola. The only area of contact between the cotton- tails which inhabit this eastern isolated tongue of pineland and the cottontails farther to the north lies in southern Martin County. Under these circumstances, it is not surprising that study of recently collected material from southern Florida as well as additional specimens from farther north in the state shows that the cottontails inhabiting the lower Florida east coast represent a recognizable and unnamed subspecies of S. floridanus. I wish to thank the following curators for allowing me to examine pertinent material in their collections: William H. Burt (Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan), Charles O. Handley, Jr.- (United States National Museum), Miss Barbara Lawrence (Museum of Com- parative Zoology), James N. Layne (University of Florida), and Oscar T. Owre (University of Miami). In addition, I have examined speci- mens in the collection of the Charleston Museum and my own collection. L. Neil Bell, Edwin L. Blitech, George P. O’Malley, Dennis R. Paulson, John R, Porter, and Raymond P. Porter have given me much assistance in collecting cottontails throughout Florida, and their help is hereby gratefully acknowledged. - All measurements are in millimeters and all capitalized color names are from Ridgway (1912). Skull measurements were taken in the manner of Nelson (op. cit.) as clarified by Hall (1951a: 47). Zygomatie breadth was:taken as the widest measurement of the posterior third of the zygo- matie arch. In some specimens, the ventral shelf at the anterior root of the zygoma is well developed and the arch is wider at this point. How- ever,-for the sake of consistency and comparable measurements, the posterior zygomatic breadth only was taken and employed in the present paper. Schwartz—Cottontal Rabbits of Peninsular Florida 147 The cottontails of the lower Florida east coast, which I name after Dennis R. Paulson of Miami, Florida, may be known as Sylvilagus floridanus paulsoni, subsp. nov. Holotype.—Charleston Museum 56.14, an adult female, skin and skull, taken 6 miles north of Homestead, Dade County, Florida, by George P. O’Malley, February 6, 1951. Original number 1718. Diagnosis ——A small member of the Sylvilagus floridanus complex of races, smaller than the three remaining subspecies (floridanus, am- mophilus, mallurus) inhabiting Florida. Measurements of total length, tail and hind foot average smaller than those of the remaining Floridian subspecies. Cranially, averaging smaller in all mesurements except in- terorbital breadth, and especially in measurements of zygomatic breadth, and length of upper molar tooth row. Dorsum pale, less washed with black than floridanus or mallurus, and sides more gray than in these two forms. Compared with ammophilus, paulsoni grayer on sides, less washed with black on rump. and dorsal coloration less bright. Distribution.—Lower Florida east coast, from Palm Beach County south to Dade County. Description of holotype—HExternal measurements: total length, 370; tail, 45; hind foot, 85; ear from notch, 60. Cranial measurements: greatest length, 68.8; basilar length, 53.8; zygomatic breadth, 33.4; length of nasals, 26.8; width of nasals, 13.3; interorbital breadth, 17.4; breadth of braincase, 26.0; length of upper molar tooth row, 12.6; diameter of tympanic bulla, 11.0. At time of collection, the type was lactating, and also contained two fetuses, each measuring 67 mm, in total length. Coloration, (in winter pelage) Avellaneous dorsally, relatively lightly (as compared with floridanus and mallurus) overlaid with black. Sides Tilleul-Buff, mixed with black, and sharply delimited from the white venter. Side patches Vinaceous-Buff; crown and nape patch Cinnamon. Front feet Light Pinkish Cinnamon, grading to Cinnamon on the upper arm. Hind feet white, grading quickly to Light Pinkish Cinnamon on the upper leg. Soles of front and hind feet Pinkish Buff. Ventrally, throat Pinkish Buff; lateral patch Light Pinkish Cinnamon. Rump Vinaceous-Buff, intermixed with black. Hars slightly edged with blackish on the anterior margins. Tail white ventrally, Pinkish Buff mixed with black dorsally. Variation—Ten adults from Dade and Brevard counties, Florida, re- semble the type in their pale coloration. Only one of these specimens is in winter pelage and this individual resembles the type in coloration. The remaining nine specimens all show some degree of wear, but are distinctly paler than specimens of floridanus and mallurus in comparable worn pelage. The tendency for worn pelage to lose some of the buffy tints has been pointed out by Nelson (op. cit.: 162), and specimens of paulsoni in worn pelage show that the dorsal buffy area fades consid- erably and in some individuals is almost indistinguishable from the color of the sides, blending imperceptibly into the paler lateral coloration. Comparisons.—Comparison of S. f. paulsoni with the three remaining subspecies of cottontail in Florida reveals the following. S. f. paulsoni can be easily distinguished from the races floridanus and mallurus by its distinctly paler dorsal coloration; the central buffy area on the dorsum 148 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington is not only paler in coloration (Cinnamon in topotypes of floridanus and in South Carolina specimens of mallurus) but also in the reduction of black hairs overlying the buffy areas of the dorsum. Thus, the dorsum of floridanus and mallurus is not only brighter in coloration but also darker due to the heavy wash of black. From S. f. ammophilus, paulsont differs in having the rump less heavily overlaid with blackish hairs. The dorsal coloration of these two races is quite similar, although ammophilus seems somewhat brighter (Pinkish Cinnamon) in fresh pelage. Howell (loc. cit.) differentiated ammophilus from floridanus on the basis of upper parts, sides, head, and ears paler (less blackish), and the nape patch being a paler shade of tawny. These characters will separate ammophilus from floridanus without difficulty, but the resemblance in coloration between ammophilus and paulsoni is very close. The similarity between ammophilus and pulsoni may well be due to the similar habitat which both oceupy. The xeric sandy and rocky soils of the Hast Coast Ridge and the sandy soil of the off-shore island which paulsoni and ammophilus inhabit respectively have probably brought about the paler coloration of these two populations through selective mechanisms, and the resemblance between the two subspecies thus expresses convergence due to similar habitat rather than close genetic relationship. It is imter- esting to note that the type locality of S. f. floridanus lies on the main- land opposite Oak Lodge, the type locality of ammophilus, and from localities farther south on the Florida mainland, rabbits showing the dark coloration of floridanus have been examined. Cranially, S. f. paulsoni averages smaller in all measurements taken (see Table 1) except interorbital breadth. The skulls of S. f. mallurus are noticeably larger and more robust than are those of floridanus, paulsoni, and ammophilus. Comparison of the cranial measurements of ammophilus, given by Howell in the original description of that form, with those of paulsoni in Table 1, show that the latter averages smaller than ammophilus except in breadth of brainease, which is narrower in ammophilus. It should be noted that, when series of these four sub- species are compared, the differences between the cranial measurements of such externally different and recognizable subspecies as mallurus and floridanus are relatively slight. The differences between cranial mea- surements of paulsoni and the remaining Floridian subspecies are of the same degree as those separating other subspecies of Sylvilagus floridanus in the southeast. Remarks.—Intergradation between S. f. floridanus and S. f. paulsoni is demonstrated by two specimens from Palm Beach County, Florida. Both are in fresh pelage, and both are intermediate in dorsal coloration be- tween paulsoni and floridanus, although closer to the latter form in the heavy wash of black over the dorsal buffy area. One of these specimens is a skin without skull. The other (an adult female) has long ears (67 mm.) characteristic of floridanus, and on the basis of skull measure- ments, can be placed with either subspecies with equal propriety. In the list of specimens examined, these two individuals have been ealled floridanus, although they are considered intermediate between this sub- species and paulsoni. Examination of additional material from Florida allows for elarifica- tion of the ranges of the other forms of S. floridanus in the state. A single specimen without skull from the south end of Merritt Island, ee ee ee ee eS ————————————————— SS (S'IL-2°01) TIL (G3I-4'6 ) SIT (Giciss OP) Mille = a a ee BlIng oruedwué, Jo sojpowvrd (T'ST-9°BT) 9°8T (T'ST-¥'6L) 0'FT (GoU-OCP) Eile a Sees me ae MOI Y}00} Iv[ou soddy) (8°98-9°S3) 0°96 (8'L3-8'33) 8°92 (G50) a8ts << e = 2s ae esvourelq JO YPVolE (G'8I-¥'9T) LT (3'6T-¥'ST) TLT (GOGOL) 0S SS se pee Wypeerq [BI1qL0109UT (FST-6'3L) TFT (@ST-€B1) SFT (SuI=O CMECSie 2. ee ee pete speseu JO WIPTM (6'3E-8'93) T'66 (L°BE-'8) €°0E (PPE TNSC) (cubes Seo a eee speseu JO YySuorT (€'SE-6'BE) BFE (G'LE-0'SE) 8°8E (UGE EGe) Ota a oe ee ae ie WypPeerq o1yeuT0sAz (6'GS-¥'8S) "es (T'8S-6'TS) €S¢ (Si09-0.2y) GUS. Sas a i ae qysue] Iepseg (8°SL-8'89) 2°02 (6'SL-6'89) S'3L (QS=GlO) Ura e aeas © eee ~~ Wysue] 4809801 (9-9) 09 (8L-SS) 6S (CO) A) Ax. Vmeaaee~ Se yoyou Wory Ie (6-08) 18 (G6-SL) 68 (COT =e) 4C6a Sa ae a ee q00F PUL (IS-38) FF (OL-LE) 67 (0/507) Ue ae ae ee ee TeL (F3F-0LE) L6E (G8>-SGE) FIP (GOyA19C) 6) ae a a ee qSu9T [240.1 CP ee) (6 ‘3 6 ‘P 08) (6 OL‘? FT) wosinod *f “sg snuppisoy “{ “Ss! sninjjow “f “sg SS ‘snuppiloy snbopajig yo seroedsqns 90144 JO (Sosuv1 poArosqo pus SUBOUL) S}MOULOINSBOM [VIUBIO PUB [BUIE}XH “T PBL Schwarte—Cottontail Rabbits of Peninsular Florida 149 150 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Brevard County, Florida, is assignable to the subspecies floridanus rather than ammophilus on the basis of its heavy wash of black over the dorsal buffy area. It might be expected that this island would be in- habited by S. f. ammophilus, which occurs on the next adjacent island to the south and east, but this does not appear to be the case. Pearson (loc. cit.) reported the occurrence of S. f. floridanus at Gulf Hammock. Levy County, Florida. I have examined four adult specimens from Gulf Hammock, and these individuals are definitely assignable to mallurus rather than the nominate form. They can be easily distin- guished from floridanus by their large size; in fact, the skulls of the Gulf Hammock series are larger than most specimens of mallurus from South Carolina, Georgia, and interior Florida. The presence of S. f. mallurus at Gulf Hammock elarifies the ranges of mallurus and floridanus along the Florida west coast. The northwesternmost station of occur- rence of floridanus has previously been reported as Blitches Ferry, Citrus County, (Nelson, op. cit.: 165) whereas mallurus has been reported only from Gainesville in the north central section of Florida. The occur- rence of mallurus at Gulf Hammock indicates that this subspecies oc- curs approximately as far south as the Withlacoochee River on the Florida Gulf Coast, and floridanus apparently oceurs to the south of this river in Citrus County. Specimens examined.—Sylvilagus f. mallurus. North Carolina, Macon Co., 1.1 mi. SE Highlands, 1. South Carolina, Oconee Co., 1.6 mi. N. Salem, 1; McCormick Co., 2 mi. NE McCormick, 2; Georgetown Co., 12 mi. S Georgetown, Kinloch Plantation, 1: Berkeley Co., 1 mi. N Cainhoy, 1; Otranto, 1; Charleston Co., St. Andrews Parish, 2; Wadmalaw Island, 1; 4.1 mi. W Charleston, 1; John’s Island, 1. Georgia, Chatham Co., Barn- well Island, 2. Florida, Alachua Co., Gainesville, 11; Levy Co., Gulf Hammock, 5; 2 mi. NW Janney, 1; Lake Co., Leesburg, 1. Sylvilagus f. ammophilus. Florida, Brevard Co., 9.5 mi. S Indialantic, 4; 11 mi. S Indialantic, 1; 11.8 mi. S Indialantic, 1; 12 mi. S India- lantie, 1. Sylvilagus f. floridanus. Florida, Putnam Co., Welaka Reserve, We- laka, 4; Polk Co., Crooked Lake, 1; Brevard Co., Micco, 8; Merritt Island, 1; Osceola Co., Camp Hammock, 4; Charlotte Co., 34% mi. SW Punta Gorda, 2; 6 mi. S Punta Gorda, 1; Englewood, 1; Pimellas Co., Tarpon Springs, 1; Glades Co., 10 mi. N Moorehaven, 5; 6 mi. S, 1 mi. E Moorehaven, 1; Collier Co., Immokalee, 2; Naples, 1; Palm Beach Co., Lake Worth, 1; Lantana Road and Military Trail, 1. Sylvilagus f. paulsoni. Florida, Broward Co., Ft. Lauderdale, 3; Dade Co., Miami, 6; Coral Gables, 1; Hialeah, 1; 6 mi. W Perrine, 1; 6 mi. N Homestead, 1 (holotype); 7.3 mi. N Homestead, 1; 8 mi. N Home- stead, 1; 9 mi. N Homestead, 1. LITERATURE CITED Bangs, Outram. 1898. The land mammals of peninsular Florida and the coast region of Georgia. Proc. Boston Soe. Nat. Hist., 28: 157-235. Hall, E. Raymond. 195la. Mammals obtained by Dr. Curt von Wedel from the barrier beach of Tamaulipas, Mexico. Univ. Kansas, Mus. Nat. Hist., 5 (4): 33-47. . 1951b. A synopsis of the North American Lagomorpha. Univ. Kansas, Mus. Nat. Hist., 5 (10): 119-202. Schwartz—Cottontal Rabbits of Peninsular Florida 151 Howell, Arthur H. 1939. Descriptions of five new mammals from Florida. Jour. Mamm., 20 (3): 363-365. Nelson, E. W. 1909. The rabbits of North America. North Amer. Fauna, 29: 1-314, 13 plates. Pearson, Paul G. 1954. Mammals of Gulf Hammock, Levy County, Florida. Amer. Mid. Nat., 51 (2): 468-480. Ridgway, Robert. 1912. Color standards and color nomenclature. Wash- ington, D. C., pp. i-ili, 1-43, 53 plates. 152 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Vol. 69, pp. 153-156 September 12, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW NEOTROPICAL HYDROMETRIDAE (HEMIPTERA) By Caru J. DRAKE, Ames, Iowa The present paper contains the descriptions of three new species of marsh-treaders from the Americas. The types are in my personal collection. In the structural measurements, 80 units equal one millimeter. Hydrometra aemula, new sp. Moderately long, brownish testaceous with silvery white spots on lateral sides of abdomen (one on both of the sides of each abdominal Segment—at anterior margin just under connexivum); body beneath flavotestaceous; abdominal tergites above dark fuscous except last one; connexiva (both upper and lower faces) flavous with exteromargin dark brown. Head a little dilated in front, with anteocular part twice as long as postocular (160:80); interocular suleus above shallow, short, scarcely as long as an eye; eyes reddish, prominent; clypeus small, widest at /; middle, abruptly narrowed in front; labium extending about one-third of postocular length beyond eyes. Antenna long, slender, mostly dark fuscous with apical three-fourths of first segment blackish fuscous. measurements—I, 50; 11, 68; III, 210; IV, 120. Pronotum 2.00 mm. long, strongly broadly constricted between lobes, with the pale color of median longitudinal line becoming evanescent posteriorly; anterior lobe of pronotum without punctures except en- circling row of pits at base of collar, shorter than hind lobe (60:72); posterior lobe with many pits, a row of pits in median longitudinal line, numerous pits irregularly arranged on each side of median line, all pits deep with sharply cut edges and sides. Wing pads slender, straplike, 1.50 mm. long, extending a little beyond metanotum. Propleura with three or four pits. Anterior acetabulum with 6 pits in front of cleft and 7-9 behind it; middle acetabulum with 5 pits in front of cleft and 8 behind it; hind acetabulum with 9 scattered pits; all pits sharply cut, deep and easily seen. Front legs with femora reaching to base of antennae, 2.90 mm. long; tibiae 3.40 mm. long. Middle legs with femora 3.50 mm. long; tibiae 3.65 mm. long. Hind legs with apex of femora extending a little beyond apex of abdomen, 4.30 mm. long; tibiae 4.90 mm. long. Female with tergite VII distinctly raised posteriorly, not widened, produced or 23—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., Vou. 69, 1956 (153) 154 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington modified at apex; connexiva norrowed posteriorly, terminating in an acute angle at apex of VII tergite; VIII segment above feebly sloping downward posteriorly, terminating behind in a straight, pointed process Male and alate forms of both sexes unknown. Length, 10.00 mm.; width, 0.95 mm. Holotype (female), Hermosillo, Mex., Aug., 1952, C. J. Drake. Similar to H. lentipes Champion in size and general aspect, but easily separable by large silvery white spots on sides of body and the shape of VII tergite in female. Hydrometra adnexa, new sp. Moderately large, fairly stout, brown-testaceous, the lateral sides of abdominal segments with large silvery spots (a spot at anterior margin of segments IIJ-VIII just beneath connexiva; all spots plainly visible from dorsal view). Head moderately dilated in front, 3.10 mm. long, dorsal interocular sulcus about as long as an eye; anteocular part twice as long as postocular (160:80); labium reaching slightly beyond middle of postocular part. Antennal measurements—I, 40; II, 72; III & IV wanting. Pronotum 1.60 mm. long, with anterior lobe shorter than posterior lobe (53:75); anterior lobe impunctate, except encircling row of pits just behind front margin; posterior lobe with pits shallow, not very numerous, difficult to see without wetting surface, with a few pits in median longi- tudinal line and scattered pits on each side of it. Elytral pads straplike, barely extending to abdomen. Abdomen 4.00 mm. long, with tergite VII raised posteriorly and beset with a transverse row of stiff, rather short, dark fuscous hairs on apical margin; connexiva narrowed apically, not produced or modified behind, acutely angulate at apex. Female genital segment (VIII) above sloping obliquely downward posteriorly and ending in a stout, rounded, pointed process. Anterior acetabula with one pit on each side of cleft on left side and one in front of and two behind cleft on right side. Middle acetabula with one pit on each side of cleft on both sides of thorax. Hind aceta- bula with two pits on left side and three on right side (two seem to be the usual number); all pits small but readily seen when wet). An- terior femora with apex scarcely reaching base of antenniferous processes, 2.80 mm. long. Middle femora 3.20 mm. long, the tibiae 3.50 mm. long. Hind femora just reaching apex of abdomen, 3.50 mm. long, the tibiae 4.25 mm. long. Male unknown, also macropterous forms. Length, 10.00 mm.; width, 0.75 mm. Holotype (apterous female), Barro Colorado, Canal Zone, Panama, Feb. 6-8, 1939, C. J. Drake. This species is stouter than H. australis Say and has 2 or 3 pits on the hind acetabula. In fact the acetabular pits distinguish adnexa from other species found in Panama and nearby countries. Hydrometra fruhstorferi Hungerford and Evans Hydrometra fruhstorfert Hungerford & Evans, 1934, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung. 28:99-100 pl. 10 (Espirito-Santo, Bras.) Drake—New Neotropical Hydrometridae 155 Hydrometra brasilana Drake, 1952, Acta Ent. Mus. Nat. Pragae 26:6-7 (Nova Teutonia, St. Catarina, Bras.). (New synonymy). As the type specimens of H. fruhstorferi H. & H. and H. brasilana Drake are inseparable and the same species, the latter is here suppressed as a synonym (new synonymy). Bacillometra fuallagana, new sp. Macropterous form: Fairly stout, with long slender appendages, dark to blackish brown with some fuscous, the broad, median, longitudinal, grayish yellow stripe interrupted a few times with fuscous; hemelytral veins dark fuscous, with two closed cells; body beneath blackish or blackish fuscous. Head moderately enlarged at apex, 2.00 mm. long, with prominent reddish eyes; interocular space half as wide as an eye; anteocular part a little more than twice the length of postocular (150:64) ; ventral sulcus deep, extending from slightly in front of eyes to base of head; rostrum very long, not quite reaching to base of head. Antennae very long, slender, measurements—I, 50; II, 92; III, 240; IV, 160. Head and pronotum clothed with short, whitish, setalike, pubescent hairs. Pronotum 1.30 mm. long; anterior lobe, without pits except encircling row of moderately large pits a little back of front margin; posterior lobe approximately one and a half times as long as front lobe (65:42), provided with numerous pits (more readily seen after wetting surface), with several pits on median line, a short row of pits in the lightly impressed area on each side between the two lobes, the pits on each side of median longitudinal line scattered. Scutellum blackish. Anterior femora reaching a little in front of head, the posterior femora extending nearly one-fifth of its length beyond apex of abdomen. Hemelytra not entirely covering sides of connexiva, sometimes reaching almost to apex of abdominal tergite VII, frequently not beyond basal half of VII. Mesosternum with a median longitudinal suleus; metasternum bifureate with a median ridge between the two furrows; ventrites IJ, III and sometimes IV bifureate, then furrows and ridge evanescent posteriorly. Apterous forms of both sexes unknown. Male: Sparsely scattered long hairs on underside of abdomen more numerous on VI and VII ventrites; Ventrite VII with a thin row of fine, rather short hairs on each lateral side just beneath the connexivum. Segment VIII beneath strongly impressed on each side of median longi- tudinal keel, with numerous hairs in each impression. Female with last venter extended a little posteriorly. All tarsi, three-segmented in both sexes, with second segment shortest. Length, 8.00 mm.; width, 0.85 mm. Holotype (male) and allotype (female), both macropterous, Cucharas, Fuallago, Peru, August, 1954. Paratypes: 18 specimens, same labels as type. Similar in size and general aspect to B. woythowshii Hungerford, also from Peru, but readily distinguishable by having the fourth antennal segment very much longer than the second (not much difference in length in woythowskii) in both sexes. In the male of woythowskii 156 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington the two rows of hairs (one on each side) on the lateral sides of tergite VII are extremely long, much longer than in fuallagana n. sp. and thus more readily seen. In both species these rows of hairs are placed just beneath the connexiva on the lateral sides of tergite VII. As may be noted in the descriptions of the two species, the male genital char- acters of the species are quite different. ow" st) SEP 24 1956 LIBRARY Vol. 69, pp. 157-166 September 12, 1956 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON FIVE NEW BIRDS FROM RIO CHIQUITO, TACHIRA, VENEZUELA AND TWO EXTENSIONS OF RANGES FROM COLOMBIA By WiuuiaAm H. PHELPS AND WILLIAM H. PHELPs, JR. The Hacienda La Providencia, base of operations for this collection, is situated in an extensive subtropical forest at an altitude of 1800 meters in the southwestern corner of the State of Tachira, four miles southeast of the town of Santa Ana (appearing on the 1,000,000 map of the American Geographi- eal Society) and eighteen miles northeast of the Paramo de Tama. From there a trail was cut to an altitude of 2300 meters. Besides the new subspecies described, we extend the ranges of one genus and one species from Colombia to Venezuela and discuss the status of three subspecies. We wish to thank the Curators of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, American Museum of Natural History, Carnegie Museum and Chicago Natural History Museum for access to the collections in these institutions. Specimens listed are in the Phelps Collection, Caracas, unless other- wise specified. Names of colors are capitalized when direct comparison has been made with Ridgway’s ‘‘Color Standards and Color Nomen- clature,’’? 1912. Wing measurements are of the chord. Pauxi pauxi pawxi (Linné) In 1955! we identified a specinem from Burgua, southwestern Tachira, as P. p. gilliardi (Wetmore and Phelps) ,? thus extending the range of that subspecies from the Sierra de Perijé, Zulia, to the southern slopes of the Andes in the Orinoco watershed. Since then, Hermano Nicéfaro Maria has sent to us for identification 14 casques of the species from Colombia from the region of the head- waters of the Rio Sarare®, which flows into the Apure River. These correspond to P. p. pauxi and we found our Burgua specimen insepara- able from them. Consequently gilliardi appears confined to the Perija Mountains in Zulia and on their western slopes in Colombia. Tietee Biol Soc. Wash., 68, p. 48, May 20, 1955. 2Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33, No. 5, p. 142, 1943, 3Hermano Nicéfaro Maria. Una Nueva Cracida para la Avifauna Colombiana, Caldasia, No. 32, pp. 177-184, Sept. 20, 1955. 24—Proc, Biot. Soc. WASH., VoL. 69, 1956 (157) ‘SEP - 5 1956 158 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Porphyrula flavirostris (Gmelin) Fulica flavirostris Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, p. 600, 1789. (Cayenne.) 1 ¢,3 Q, Jobure, Terr. Delta Amacuro. These specimens extend the range of the species to Venezuela from the Guayanas and Brazil. They were collected in February and March, 1950 There is also a specimen, of undetermined sex, in the American Mu- seum of Natural History, from the mouth of the Rio Chanaro, Rio Caura, Bolivar. ; Veniliornis dignus abdominalis, new subspecies Type: From Rio Chiquito, Hda. La. Providencia, Tachira, Venezuela; 1800 meters. No. 61123, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male eol- lected January 27, 1955, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to V. d. baezae Chapman, of Ecuador, but differs from both baezae and V. d. dignus (Sclater and Salvin) of southern Colombia by paler abdomen, more lemon tint, less yellowish; differs from dignus additionally by less prominent barring on upper tail- coverts, wider and darker barring on breast, these bars being brighter and more sharply defined; differs additionally from baezae by longer bill. Range: Known only by two specimens, 1 ¢ and 1 9, from south- western Tachira in forests in the Subtropical Zone at 1800 meters. Description of Type: Top of head and nape Spectrum Red merging into the Scarlet-Red of sides of neck; back olivaceous, more yellowish on rump, with blotches of red, thickest anteriorly; upper tail-coverts olivaceous with feathers tipped with olivaceous buff except posterior ones which are tipped with reddish; post-ocular white superciliary stripe extending to neck; forehead grayish except the very center; lores and malar stripe whitish; auricular region dusky olivaceous: Chin dusky with fine greenish white markings posteriorly; posterior abdomen immaculate Naples Yellow; under tail-coverts yellowish white barred with dusky. Remiges Bone Brown; outer webs of outermost two primaries brownish; rest of remiges and upper wing-coverts more golden than Buckthorn Brown; median coverts with two rows of buffy white shaft streaks and some reddish tips to the feathers; under wing-coverts olivaceous and pale yellowish towards bend of wing, the rest, and axillaries, Maiz Yellow. Tail Bone Brown; outer- most rectrices lacking, the following ones and the outer webs of the next ones barred with pale buffy olive. Bill (in life) ‘‘black’’; feet ‘‘olivaceous’’; iris ‘‘reddish chest- nut.’’ Wing, 98 mm.; tail, 56; exposed culmen, 20.5; culmen from base, 22; tarsus, 18. Remarks: Sexes unlike in color. Size similar to dignus. Range of measurements: one adult male (type)—wing, 98 mm.; tail, 56; culmen from base, 22; one adult female—wing, 99; tail, 63; culmen from base, 21. Measurements of dignus: three adult males—wing, 94-95 (94.7); tail, 55-57 (56); culmen from base, 21.5-22.5 (22); one adult female—wing, 97; tail, 56; culmen from base, 21. Measurements of baezae: two adult males—wing, 97-100 (98.3); tail, 53-55 (54); Phelps and Phelps, Jr—Birds from Rio Chiquito 159 culmen from base, 20; three adult females—wing, 94-100 (98.3); tail, 53-57 (54.7); culmen from base, 19-20 (19.3). The bill of baezae is shorter than that of dignus and abdominalis, without overlap. A pair of outer rectrices is missing on both of our specimens. The female differs in having the top of head dusky brown instead of red and the under parts paler yellow. These specimens extend the range of the species from Caldas, Colom- bia, more than 400 kilometers away. Specimens Examined V. d. abdominalis—VENEZUELA: Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Provi- dencia, Tachira, 1 ¢ (type), 1 @. V. d. dignus. COLOMBIA: Cerro Munchique, Cauca, 1 ¢4, 1 65, 2 94; San Antonio, 1 ¢4; Espinal, Valle, 1 $5; Bitaco, 1 96; Laguneta, Caldas®, 3 6, 1 9; La Leonera, 1 96; Sancudo, 1 68; Buena Vista, Huila, 1 $5; La Candela, 1 $5; Mayasquer, Nariiio, 1 ¢5; Ricaurte, 1 65; Guayacin, 1 $5; ‘‘Colombia,’’ 1 67; El Roble, Quindio Andes, 1 ¢4; Cordillera Pax5, 1 6, 2 9; Rio Churu Yaeu, 1 95, V. d. baezae.—EDUADOR:* Baeza, 1 6, 3 2; Macas region, 1¢. Campylorhamphus pusillus tachirensis, new subspecies Type: From Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, Estado TaAchira, Venezuela; 1800 meters. No. 61154, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected January 28, 1955, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to C. p. pusillus (Sclater) from Colombia and Eeuador but differs from all races of C. pusillus by being more olivace- ous, less brownish, especially on under parts. Range: Known from the Sierra de Perij& on the extreme north- western boundary with Colombia and in southwestern Tachira, in the Subtropical Zone at altitudes from 1800 to 2175 meters. Description of Type: Crown duskier than Raw Umber, browner on nape and sides of head; feathers of crown, nape and sides of head with Ochraceous Buff, tear shaped, shaft markings; back Argus Brown, the feathers with fine long buffy whitish shaft stripes; rump and upper tail-coverts nearest to Burnt Sienna; chin pale buffy, a broad median streak dull brownish; rest of under parts Snuff Brown; elon- gated pale buffy shaft spots on throat merging into long thin shaft stripes on breast, sides and flanks which become more indistinct on abdomen; posterior abdomen, thighs and under tail-coverts immacu- late. Wings russet; margins of more outer primaries grayish; inner webs of primaries, apically, dusky; lesser upper wing-coverts with very faint buffy shaft lines; under surface of remiges pinkish salmon; under wing-coverts and axillaries Apricot Buff. Tail Auburn, paler on under surface; shafts of rectrices dark brown on upper surface, buffy brown on lower. 4Specimens in American Museum of Natural History. 5Specimens Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. ®6Specimens Carnegie Museum. 7Specimens Chicago Natural History Museum. 160 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Bill (in life) ‘‘blackish brown’’; feet ‘‘olivaceous’’; iris, ‘“brown.’’ Wing, 97 mm.; tail, 95; exposed culmen, 52, culmen from base, 55; tarsus, 22. Remarks: Sexes alike. Size similar to C. p. pwusillus. Range of measurements: two adult males (ine. type)—wing, 95-97 mm.; tail, 94-95; culmen from base (1), 55; four adult females—wing, 95.5-99 (97.6); tail, 88-92 (90.2); culmen from base (2), 52-57 (54.5); Measurements of C. p. pusillus: four adult males—wing, 99-103 (101); tail, 92-96 (93.2); eulmen from base, 53-56 (54.5); three adult fe- males—wing, 90-101 (95.3); tail (2), 86-95 (90.5); culmen from base, 54-57 (56). A juvenal specimen with short (black) bill and tail, and all rectrices and remiges with extensive sheaths is similar to adults but is more olivaceous in color with lighter colored wings and tail and uropygium less extensively rufous. These specimens extend the range of the species from Cundinamarca, Colombia, distant more than 400 kilometers. Specimens Examined C. p. borealiss—COSTA RICA: Aquinares, 1 ¢,1 9; Binis, 1 (?); La Estrella de Cartago, 1 9; El Pozo, 1 6; Bonilla, 3 6, 1 9; Cariblaneo de Sarapique, 1 9; Agabar de Cartago, 1 9. PANAMA: Boquete, Chiriqui, 1 ¢; Bogave, 1 2; Chiriqui, 2 (?). C. p. olivaceus—PANAMA: Rio Calovevora, 1 924. C. p. tachirensis— VENEZUELA: Cerro Pejochaina, Rio Negro, Perijé, 1 2, 1 (%); between Rios Macoita and Apén, Perij4, 1 (?); Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, Tachira, 2 ¢ (ine. type), 3 Q, 2 (2) juv. C. p. pusillust—COLOMBIA: San Antonio, Cauca, 1 ¢; Silencio, 1 6; east of Palmira, 1 6,1 2; Fusagasuga, Cundinamarca, 1 (?); ‘“Bogota’’ 4; Barbacoas, Narifio, 1 ¢. EDUADOR: Sumaco Abajo, 4 6,1 92; Ventana, 1 9; Baeza, 1 64. Premnornis guttuligera venezuelana, new subspecies Type: From Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, Tachira, Venezuela; 1800 meters. No. 61172, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male eol- lected February 11, 1955, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Similar to P. g. guttuligera (Sclater) of southern Colom- bia, Eeuador and Pert but crown darker, more olivaceous, less brownish with blacker squamulations; back more olivaceous with less rufous tint. Range: Known from southwestern Tachira and the Sierra de Perija, northwestern Zulia, in forests of the Subtropical Zone at altitudes from 1800 to 2300 meters. Description of Type: Forehead light buffy, the feathers margined with dusky, this merging into the Citrine of crown and nape, these feathers margined with dusky giving a squamulated appearance; back Medal Bronze, more Dresden Brown on rump and merging into the Sanford’s Brown of upper tail-coverts; upper back with pale buffy shaft streaks, finer ones posteriorly; a post-ocular pale buffy streak; sides of head pale buffy streaked with dusky. Chin buffy whitish, the Phelps and Phelps, Jr—Birds from Rio Chiquito 161 feathers very slightly margined with dusky; throat more buffy with indistinct dusky squamulations; breast, sides, and upper abdomen dusky olivaceous with large elongated pale buffy spots; lower abdomen more olivaceous with the shaft streaks narrower and less prominent; flanks and thighs immaculate; under tail-coverts buffy brown faintly barred with dusky. Wings Fuscous; outer vanes of remiges pale brownish, more chestnut on tertials; inner vanes margined with light Ochraceous-Salmon, basally only on primaries, the other ones exten- Sively; primary upper wing-coverts Fuscous; greater and median coverts edged with Medal Bronze and tipped with buffy; lesser coverts Medal Bronze; under wing-coverts and axillaries Pale Orange Yellow. Tail Auburn, paler on under surface. Bill Gin life) ‘‘maxilla black, mandible flesh color’’; feet ‘‘brown’’; iris ‘‘chestnut brown.’’ Wing, 66 mm.; tail, 69; exposed culmen, 13.5; eulmen from base, 16; tarsus, 20. Remarks: Sexes alike in color, the males with slightly longer wings and tail. Size similar to P. g. guttuligera. Range of measurements: five adult males, including type—wing, 66-68 (67.3) mm.; tail, 67-70 (69); culmen from base, 16-17.5 (16.9); five adult females—wing, 63-65 (64); tail (4), 64-66 (65); culmen from base, 16-17 (16.3). Measurements of P. g. guttuligera: four adult males—wing, 67-73 (69.2); tail, 65-72 (68.7); culmen from base, 16-17 (16.5); two adult females—wing, 62; tail. 61; culmen from base, 15-16 (15.5). A juvenal specimen differs from the adults in much heavier streak- ing on upper back; the rump in prominently blotched with pale brown instead of immaculate; the markings on under parts are darker buff and the lower abdomen is more heavily marked. These specimens extend the range of the species from Cundinamarca, Colombia, distant more than 400 kilometers. Specimens Examined P. g. venezuelana—VENEZUELA: Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Provi- dencia, Tachira, 14 ¢ (inc. type), 2 6 juv., 10 9, 3 (2). 2 (?%) juv; Cerro Pejochaina, Sierra de Perijé, Zulia, 1 ¢; between rios Macoita and Apon, Sierra de Perija, 1 2. P. g. guitligera+—COLOMBIA: Sabia, Cundinamarea, 1 6; Coachi, 1 (?); Aguadita, 1 ¢; El Bardio, 2 (?); Cunday, 1 (?); Anolaima, 1 3; ‘‘Bogotd,’’ 2 (2); La Palma, Huila, 1 6; San Antonio, Cauca, 1 $ juv., 2 9. ECUADOR: Pappacta, 1 6,1 6 juv., 1 2; Sumaco Abajo, 2 6, 2 9, 1 2 juv.: Baeza, 1 4 juv., 2 2; Sabanilla, 1 (?) Je wR: daa 1 6; Chaupe, £ 4, 1 2; Chelpea; 1 9; La Legia, 1 ¢. Syndactyla subalaris olivacea, new subspecies Type from Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, Tachira, Venezuela; 1900 meters. No. 61179, Phelps Collection. Adult male collected Feb- ruary 7, 1955, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to S. s. striolata (Todd) but differs from all races of S. swbalaris by more olivaceous, less brownish, under parts; from striolata, of the States of Lara and Barinas and from eastern 162 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Colombia, differs additionally by darker, more blackish brown, mantle and darker brown top of head. Range: Known from southwestern Tachira, in the Subtropical Zone at altitudes from 1150 (Cerro El Teteo) to 1900 (Rio Chiquito) meters. Description of Type: Top of head darker than Raw Umber, the feathers with pale buffy fine shaft streaks, broader on forehead; nape and upper back Blackish Brown, the feathers with prominent long whitish shaft streaks; lower back Prout’s Brown with fine whitish shaft lines; lower rump and upper tail-coverts darker than Burnt Sienna; lores grayish; sides of head and neck dusky olivaceous spotted and streaked with pale buffy. Chin immaculate Naples Yellow; rest of under parts Medal Bronze the throat, breast and sides and upper abdomen broadly streaked with buffy white; lower abdomen and flanks more finely lined; under tail-coverts Medal Bronze streaked with pale buffy, the apical part of more central coverts largely rufous. Remiges Bone Brown, the outer webs and all of inner tertials Prout’s Brown; inner webs of remiges Salmon Buff, basally only on more outermost; upper wing-coverts Prout’s Brown, primary ones tipped with dusky forming a patch; lesser coverts with some fine buffy shaft lines and some dusky areas along shafts; under wing-coverts and axil- laries Ochraceous-Salmon. Tail Chestnut, paler on under surface. Bill (in life) ‘‘black, greenish gray base’’; feet ‘‘olivaceous’’; iris ‘‘dark.’’ Wing, 86 mm.; tail, 80; exposed culmen, 18; culmen from base, 21; tarsus, 21. Remarks: Size similar to striolata. Range of measurements: four adult males, including type—wing 86-91 (88) mm.; tail (2), 80-83 (81.5); culmen from base, 20-22 (21). Measurements of striolata: two adult males—wing, 84-88 (86); tail, 80, culmen from base, 20; five adult females—wing, 79-90 (84); tail, 75-82 (79.6); eulmen from base, 20-21 (20.4). Description of juvenal. Ours have a smaller bill; the light markings on upper parts are more ochraceous and the uropygium is olivaceous brown instead of rufous; the light marking on under parts are heavily washed with ochraceous especially the breast and throat; and the chin is speckled with dusky instead of immaculate. Specimens Huamined S. s. lineata+—COSTA RICA: 25. PANAMA: Boquete, Chiriqui, SEG oleanen 2) Ga ee @hiniguine2 ee S. s. subalarist—COLOMBIA: Antioquia, 1 ¢; Salencio, Cauca, 1 6; La Gallera, 1 (?); Lomitas 2 (?); San Antonio, 1 (?); Cerro Munchique, 1 (?); Rio Cauca, 1 92; Jiménez, 1 6. EDUADOR: western Ecuador, 15. S. s. striolata— VENEZUELA: Anzodtegui, Lara, 1 @ (type)®: Altamira, Barinas, 1 9; COLOMBIA: La Palmita, Santander®, 1 ¢, 1 92; Cachiri, 1 ¢6; Buena Vista, Cundinamarca, 1 94; La Candela, Huila, 2 94. S. s. olivacea—VENEZEULA: Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, Tachira, 5 6 (ine. type), 2 9,1 ¢ juv., 1 (?) juv; Cerro El Teteo, Burgua, 1 ¢. S. s. mentalis—ECUADOR: east Ecuador, 6?. S. s. calligata—PERU: Chaupe, 2 94. Phelps and Phelps, Jr—Birds from Rio Chiquito 163 Grallaricula cucullata venezuelana, new subspecies Type: From Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Providencia, Tachira, Venezuela; 1800 meters. No. 61222, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male col- lected February 2, 1955, by Ramén Urbano. (On deposit at American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Similar to G. c. cucullata (Sclater) from the Central and Western Andes of Colombia and from the ‘‘Bogota’’ region, but differs in having a strong olivaceous wash across breast instead of grayish brown; lower abdomen and lower tail-coverts pale yellowish instead of whitish. Range: Known from two specimens from the type locality in south- western Tachira, in the forest of the Subtropical Zone at 1800 meters. Description of Type: Top of head and lores Amber Brown with olivaceous tint towards nape; sides of head Sudan Brown; nape nar- rowly olivaceous; back and rump yellower than Saccardo’s Olive; upper tail-coverts tinted with Dresden Brown. Throat Ochraceous- Tawny; a white patch between throat and breast; breast Buffy Citrine merging into the grayish olive of sides and flanks; abdomen whitish, slightly creamish posteriorly; thighs Ochraceous-Tawny; under tail- coverts pale buffy. Wings Bone Brown; outermost primaries margined with grayish; other remiges margined with brownish olive, more rufous on tertials; inner vanes of remiges margined internally with pale Ochraceous-Salmon; wing-coverts lightly margined with brownish olive; bend of wing, under wing-coverts and axillaries mixed Ochraceous- Tawny and dusky. Tail dusky olivaceous, the under surface paler; outer vanes of rectrices Madal Bronze. Bill (in life) ‘‘orange yellow’’; feet ‘‘greenish’’; iris ‘‘dark.’’ Wing, 66 mm.; tail, 31 exposed culmen, 13; culmen from base, 17; tarsus, 25. Remarks: Size similar to cucullata. Range of measurements: one adult male (type), as above; one specimen of undetermined sex— wing, 66.5 mm.; tail, 30; culmen from base, 16. Measurements of cucullata: two adult males—wing, 67-69 (68); tail, 23-27 (25); culmen from base, 16-16.5 (16.3); one adult female—wing, 67; tail, 29; culmen from base, 15; one specimen of undetermined sex—wing, 69; tail, 28; culmen from base, 15.5. The specimen of the new race, of undetermined sex, has rusty margins to the upper wing-coverts which might indicate immaturity, although otherwise it is similar to the type. As the species is not known from the eastern Andes of Colombia nearer than ‘‘Bogota,’’ these two speciments represent a considerable extension of range; de Schauensee® says it is a rare species. It is not represented in the collections of the U. S. National Museum, Carnegie Museum or Chicago Museum of Natural History. Specimens Examined G. c. venezuelana—VENEZUELA: Rio Chiquito, Hda. La Provi- dencia, southwestern Tachira, 1 ¢ (type), 1 (?). G. c. cucullata—COLOMBIA: Riolima, Valle, 1 (?)4; La Candela, Huila, 1 64,1 94,1 95, 1 juv. (?)5; ‘*Bogota,’’ 1 (%)4. 8Birds of Colombia, p. 741, 1950. 164 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington The status of Machaeropterus regulus Since Phelps, in ‘‘Las Aves de Perij49,’’ in 1943, identified six specimens from La Sabana as M. r. antioquiae Chapman, additional material has been collected from new localities and these have changed our knowledge of the distribution of the species in Venezuela. Phelps and Phelps, Jr., in ‘‘Lista de las Aves de Venezuela’’!9, p. 133, in 1950, reidentified the PerijA specimens as M. r. striolatus (Bonaparte) and added to the previously known range the localities of La Fria, northern Tachira, and Barinitas, northern Barinas. In 1952, we found the Perijaé population different from striolatus and described it as zulianus??. During 1953 and 1954 twenty two additional specimens were obtained from the Perij& region and six from Cerro El Teteo, Burgua, in southwestern Tachira. This abundant new material shows that the La Fria and Barinitas populations, as well as that from Cerro El Teteo are also zulianus and that striolatus seems not to be found in Venezuela. The subspecies UM. r. obscurostriatus Phelps and Gilliard!2 appears confined to the type locality, Hl Vigia, Mérida, as no additional speci- mens have been collected. The subspecies awreopectus is still only known in southern Bolivar and Territorio Amazonas by the seven specimens enumerated in our ‘ OF THE [— ¢ BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON i) f Volume 69 A alboalatus, Nyssodesmus 44 C alivaceus, Pomatorhinus als Veniliornis dig= igo agihautiaag a 208 At ne Gicintniss ol alleni, Grallaria — 7 ee aes a ene, ne 0p Alloplectus fraternus 193, 194 Abies concolor — 220 Ppanamensis _____.. 194 abienmcolass @inaray ee 2207-228) SHUT NEEUS 194 acadiana, Cinara ____ chara ds 63, 64 Amazilia distans 4 Acanthodesmus 42, 43 Rial a 4 pilipes, Polydesmus ___. 43, 47. amazonas, Sittasomus grisei- Acisternum 43 capillius® se: = cles Beers WEES 130 Acrochordopus zeledoni bu- ambitus, Adelothrips _________107, 113 AROS ana tS a te 7 Eon lothity sie 105 leucogonys __ i 7 Ambystoma jeffersonianum _. 100 wetmorei __ 7] Gwaaeroe ans, Lieb) 94, 102 acuticaudus, Hylophilus “fla- WEES TIS, 95 vipes __ Se 10 Haplothrips —._.___ 26 acutus, Adelothrips 108, 109 + ammophilus, Sylvilagus flori- Adelochnips ese 105, 107,108 danus _. 145, 147, 148, 150 QCUEUS ye Se 108, 109 ~ ampliceps, Adelothrips ab seer 113 Dyaal DEG, . Se ES, 107, 113 Docessissophothrips —_ 106, 112 SHCA S, ae 113 anabatinus aequatorialis, bicolor) 2 es 77106; 109), 113 Thamnistes _. tea Saas 131, 132 caribbeicus 2 109, 110 anabatinus, Thamnistes 132 CONICUTAM eee. Saba 111 Thamnistes anabatinus__ 132 connaticomis: 2222 112 coronatus, Thamnistes —_. 132 Drandis; 2 106, 110, 111, 113 gularis, Thamnistes __. = 131, 132 hammockensis __106, 110, 111, 112 113 intermedius, Thamnistes 133 jEncing: ( Aes 109 rufescens, Thamnistes _ 133 PRAAR, se 110, 112 saturatus, Thamnistes __ 132 TENADES: - eee 1g Ang Ghicwors 2 29530 Ns palmarum ____ discors discors —.__ 31, 32 YC Meare STe ee orphna ______ ee 31, 32 sporophagus andinus, Cyphorrhacus — 43 UTE MOO IS). angelorum, Ploceus philip= adnexa, Hydrometra ___ Din Ss LEE eee 211 Adraneothrips _.._ Anonyx nugax 178 el lets werent tas anzai, Cinara 89, 223 decors) — = antioquiae, Machaeropterus ephippium __.._ TES WW sy ese eee 164 REIS COS pee rn 1 ES ODED aphanes, Chaetura vauxi __ 2 TO Kine eS en Ae edoe oA Arachnothera affinis caena __ 210 RII CLOS CLS ee enn A AS Ia MOC ES tay eee 210 stenocephalus stir Pil, 73 Macha auata ne 211 vacuus : Se OO SOA FeMEy eral, ese Oe 210 aemula, Hydrometra cesesasla/ ieee 153 musarum __ 210, 211 aequatorialis, Sittasomus gri- pagodarum 211 SOE KGS, a 131 Archiplanus leucoramphus Thamnistes anabatinus__ 131, 132 Letcoranip hiss 133 ACSOPUS Ran ame eee 136,140 Arcydesmus 43 affinis caena, Arachnothera — 210 comptus am 43 affinis modesta, Arachno- areolata, Rana sidecases J 36h 138, 144 CAYO EREY) ie ned as SS See 210 arguta, Columnea _______ & 194 agile pallescens, Dicaeum _. 211 argypheum, Oxybelus __..___ 38, 3S agile separabile, Dicaeum __ 211 argyrotis mesaeus, Penelope 127 aita, Proaspis = ie 45 Atlapetes semirufus albigula 164 awlexsirai, (Caer) 220 PAW Sav eNCt eh ete a 165 albicauliss binus) 90 ence, (Chai, ae: 221 albigula, Atlapetes semiru- atratus, Polydesmorhachis oh 45 fus — 164 atricapillus, Philydor ___ 4,5 albigularis ‘kunanensis, “Scle- Shs pene 131 aLtenivata ss Meresaye ee eee 167 propinquus, “Sclerurus _ 131 augusti augusti, Phaethornis 125, 126 albinucha, Querquedula dis- curiosus, Phaethornis __ 125 OTS fan 30, 31 Aa DRG, 125 (231) 232 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington aurantiifrons helvinus, Hylo= philus = ee ee ee 8 saturata, Pachy sylvia eee 8 saturatus, Hylophilus __ 8 aurata, Arachnothera magna 211 aureopectus, Machaeropterus regulus __ - a 164 aureus, Gerbillus ‘pyra= WEAACUATID ne 179, 180, 181 AULIEUS ELE COLMS pee 53 australis, Hydrometra ___.__. 154 Automolus holostictus 131 axillaris, Sittasomus griseicapillus 130 Aymaresmus ___. : 43 tapichus ___ . 43 azizi, Meriones shawi 205 azurea galerita, Monarcha __ 210 azurea montana, Monarcha— 210 prophata, Monarcha ____ 210 B Bacillometra fuallagana ___ 155, 156 WiOY LH OWS Nt eee 155 banyumas deignani, Musci- capa Seon s 209 lekhakuni, “Muscicapa == 209 whitei, Muscicapa sees 209 Barkalow, Frederick S., Jr. Sciurus niger cinereus Linne Neotype Desig- Halon yee ee ee ere 13-20 Barton, A. J. A Statistical Study of Thamnephis brachysto= ma (Cope) with Com- ments on the Kinship of T. butleri (Cope).___ 71-82 barton, Cambartisy ues 115 Baisy, CS mise 43 erry 25.6 epee ae sane 43 baezae, Veniliornis dignus __ 158, 159 bellicosus, Plusioporodesmus 45 bellus, Adraneothrips ______ 21 bicolor, Adelothrips _______106, 109, 113 bidens, Platyrrhacus —__ 43 bilineatus, Platyrhacus ____ 46 Poly desmuse ee 47 bimaculatus, Perognathus Mais hy ee peree n e 56, 57 bislineata bislineata, Eurycea 100 Blake, S. F. Elected recording secre- tary tear anaes Vili Bohart, Richard M. and Evart I. Schlinger Descriptions of Two New Western Oxybelus (Hy- menoptera: Sphecidae)_ 37-40 bonica, Cinara _____ ere 228, 229 bonita, Cinara 227, 229 borealis, Campylorhamphus pusillus panes 160 borgmeieri, Tropothrips _ ae 112, 113 brachystoma, Thamnophis 71-81 bee 1(a ty, fanaa ey Ie NT 72 Brady, M. K. member of council __ Vili member of council __.__ brasilana, Hydrometra ____ 155 brasiliensis, Nyctinomus —__ 187 Tadarida __.__.187, 188, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201 Polyphemothrips = 105 Bufolamericanus =a 94, 102 terrestris americanus 96 Copel G's Eee 94, 96, 100, 103 bullatus, Pecapanthiis parvus 2 Reds bunites, Acrochordorpus zele= tl eee 7 burmanicus, Ploceus philip- pins, 2. ee 211 burullwe Cinara eee 84, 87 butleri, Thamnophis (BEES Fila Co 79, 80, 81 (e caena, Arachnothera affinis_ 210 ealttornicus, Croton 39 calligata, Syndactyla suba- laris) ee 162 Cambarus, == ee 115 batton! (eae TE comutis at 115, 120 diogenes = eee 115 extranels) Seis 119, 120 girardianus Parte 115 jordant. 2) eee 115, 120 nontans EE 119 GUS ECOL s yee 115, 120 spicatus __ __. 116, 118, 119, 120 campestris dodsoni, Gerbillus 206 Campylorhamphus pusillus borealis aes 2 160 olivaceus) 160 pusilluss See 159, 160 tachirensis _________ 159, 160 canadensis, Hyla ______ eit WAR Picea, oS eee 64 Pseudacris nigrita —___ IVA YP cantabrigensis, Rana sylva- fica’ 22 OOS aeOu capito capito, Rana_________137, 139, 140, 141, 143 Rana) 2 STS wl ela 142, 143 sevosa, Rana —____ __—137, 139, 140, 141, 143 stertens, Rana __135, 137, 138, 139 140, 141, 143 Caprimulgus nattereri 127 caribbeicus, Adelothrips —_. 109, 110 carinovatum, Leptherpum —— 48 carmelitae, Grallaria guati- malensiss ae oe 7 carolinensis, Zenaidura maCroura) = 124, 125 Catorii, Stenonoides _______ 46 Cephalothrips 21 Ceratiola ericoides ———___ 146 Chace, F. A. member of council —___ Vili Chaetura vauxi aphanes ___ OChtopy 21a 3 richmondi Sees Zeke Chevreuxid] 178 Chirothrips aa 215 Chlorospingus melanotis ___ 10 Chorophilus nigritus — ___ 170 septentrionalis —____ 171, 172 septentrionalis VA Ale le triseriatus _ - Ae. 170 chthonia, Grallaria zs 6 chthonium, Pellorneum rufi- ceps ee, 208 Ginara) SE eee 87 abieticola, EEE 220, 228 acadiafia. oes 63, 64 alacrar 2. 220 Index ANN a ae Sac 89, 223 atra - ae 221 bonica, 228, 229 Donita 227, 229 jouer gulhy eee x 84, 87 coloradensis 66 eunvipes <-— 90 QaNT Ge Ee aes 84, 87 Hexilis) 66 PANG ye ees 219, 223 metalica _.____________._._ 85, 87, 222 Nahe ey yee ee 91, 92, 223 Cee ae 64, 66 Din Onager hase 87 DOkctapee ae 220, 222 MISCICA) 83, 84, 222 SOMA Ate eee ee ee 220, 228 SOpladay == 65, 66 DATA MENTS) oe ee eee 64, 84 WEIDUOUGD, 223 cinereus cinereus, Plethodon 100 Sciurus niger __.___13, 14, 15, 16, 17 cinnamomeiventris cinna- momeiventris, Ochthoeca 133 Clamnitansyiana ee 100 clarus, Perognathus parvus— 184 clathratus, Platyrhacus ___. 46 Polydesmus — ee 47 cochise, \Oxybelus = 38 cofint, Trachops = 189 colombica, Thalurania furcata 128, 129 coloradensis, Cinara ______ 66 columbianus, Crypturellus MOCENWA MUSH see OEE 2 Columnea arguta La ee ee 194 consimilis 194 maculata ___ Dae 194, 195 MEACtEKtaA se. 195 complanatus, Polydesmus __ 48 Compsocoma flavinucha vic- torini —. _ Aes Ee AN 134 comptus, Arcydesmus ee bel: 43 concolor, Abies —.__—____ 220 Polydesmus prada bten 45 conicura, Adelothrips _____ 111 connaticornis, Adelothrips — 112 consimilis, Columnea _____ 194 Copel eB ito eee a 94 terrestris __ See 96, 100, 103 Coremothrips — ra 216 cornutum, Oxybelus 38 cornutus, Cambarus 115, 120 corcuatus, Thamnistes ana- atiniicy sss et ee 132 Conynorhimise, 22 ueaNre 53 Poyilotisn= ese 53 Conuuochnipse eo 216 cos, Psammodesmus __._____ 45 Cyadodesmus ee 43 Creurgops -verticalis _____ 164 crossotus, Mniodesmus —___ 44 Croton californicus — 39 crucifera crucifera, Hyla___. 100 Cryptothrips ____ a, 107, 112 cucullata cucullata, , Grallari- cula 2 ats 163 venezuelana, Grallaricula 163 curiosus, Phaethornis augusti 125 cursitans, Crypturellus nocti= vagus _ BS a deZ curvipes, Cingrs eae 90 curvispinosus, Schizolachnus 59, 60, 62 Crypturellus noctivagus calumpbtarus =n een 2 Ciltisitans) ps2 2 ee 1, 2 TOON GUSH ee ea at ene Cyphorrhacus —..... aoe 43 note bey sish 2 m 43 Cyr torbachiSee es eee : 43 D davisoni davisoni, Phyl- loscopus Js 209 intensior, Phylloscopus ae 209 klossi, Phylloscopus _— 209 Phylloscopus davisoni __ 209 decorus, Adraneothrips _.__ 25 Deigman, H New Races of Birds from Laem Thong, The Gold- en Chersonese reir 207-214 deignani, Muscicapa banytimasp 2 209 de la Torre, Luis The Status of Mormop- terus Peruanus J. A. A Verte = Senet e ey) 187-188 The Correct Type Locali- ty of the Bat Trachops Coffin = 189-190 The Dental Formula of the Bats of the Genus ID FENG © sp 191-192 Delphinus intermedius ____ 167 dentatus.) Malus) =e 47 Polydesmus) 2s 47, 48 DerodesmuUs ae 43 fagellite tenn anne, 43 Desmodus)= =e 191 IDiaemuisy cc Ake loves reais oe 191 Dicaeum agile pallescens —__ 211 separabile ede Be 211 IDicred eS Tits ees 43 difficilis, Pomatorhinus schisticeps ee 208 dignus abdominalis, ~ Venili- ornis se Sears 158, 159 baezae, Veniliornis 158, 159 dignus, Veniliornis _____ 158, 159 diogenes, Cambarus —____ 115 Diontodesmus = 43 WOOULORC I = eee 43 Dip hiy aye a ee 191 discors albinucha, Querque- dulajte26 ee ee Ey 30, 31 UN RACY) ON Ge ise hy ocd diScors: ee = ees Sil, 6% discors orphna, Anas ___.__ 31, 32 distans, Amazilia ______ 4 Docessissophothrips _____ W105: 107, 112 ampliceps —__ er 106, 112 dodsoni, Gerbillus campestris 206 doryphorus, Platyrrhacus __ 44 Drake, Carl J. New Neotropical Hydro- metridae (Hemiptera)__ 153-156 dratus, Xerodesmus _______ 46 druii, Rhyphodesmus ______ 48 dulitensis, Eurydirorhachis 44 Dunalii, Polydesmus __. S24 47 Durrant, Stephen D. and Raymond Lee A New Pocket Mouse from Southeastern Utah _____ 183-186 Duvall, A. J. elected treasurer __.____ Vili DV NeSmiiG ee 44 ACUTE UTS yee 44 234 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington E Ectopistes marginella —._ 123 edulicaiGinaraye ee ee ee 84, 87 Pinus se ...83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 91, 92, 221 Blaphrothnips 107 elbeli, Megalaima incognita. 207 Pellorneum ruficeps ____ 208 ephippium, Adraneothrips__..__ 22, 24, 25 Equisetum limosum —__. 95 ericoides, Ceratiola _._____.. 146 ETO OM tity eee ene 38 Ernosty x) ee 44 moyOvNOMbUs) 44 euboria, Hylocichla guttata_ 69 Pte olin eae ee 194 euroa, Megalaima incognita — 207 Eurycea bislineata bislineata 100 Bunydiroshachtsy ee 44 dulitensic ee 44 Eurythenes gryllus _._ 177, 178 Obests: ee 178 Bunyuridae 2 41 Eutrachyrhachis pa ok te eee 44 victoriae —.___ pane) 44 Everettii, Hoplurorhachis pee 44 exsul, Spilodesmus ___.- 46 extraneus, Cambarus 115, 119, 120 F faustus, Adraneothrips _... 21, 22, 23 flavillus, Gerbillus pyra= NTL RCL CREM) jy Bes Po TE ee ne 180, 181 Feresa attenuata _ ped 167 INLeNIIe diay eee 167 occulta ey 167 feriarum, Pseudacris nigrita- 169, 176 fimbriata, Amazin A 4 fimbriatus, Polydesmus - 46 flagellifer, Derodesmus 43 flavigularis flavigularis, IPlatymine his 133 vividus, Platyrinchus ___ 133 flavinucha victorini, Comp- Socomay 22322 as Ee 134 flavipes acuticaudus, Hylos philus cee 10 flavipes, Hylophilus. ent 9 gaitbanus, Hylophilus __ g Ebylophilittcy eee 9, 10 flavipes _ 9 flavipes melleus, Hylophilus_ 9 flavirostris, Fulica _.-_- 158 Porphyrula pak eV ERS eins 158 flavus bimaculatus, Perog- Mathis, «28 sels ee ee 56, 57 flavus, Perognathus_.__- 58 fuliginosus, Perog- math us} epee et 55, 56, 57, 58 goodpasteri, Perognathus 55, 56, 57 hopiensis, Perognathus __ 56, 57 Perognathus pam l Gi, 515, SY flexilis, Cinara sn ae flocculosa, Lachnus 219, 221 Schizolachnus ype ss 221 flocculossus, Lachnus _._. 222 floridanus ammophilus, Syl- Vil Aes ee 145, 147, 148, 150 floridanus, Sylvilagus "145, 147, 148 150 Lepus sylvaticus 146 mallurus, Sylvilagus _ ms Baias 147, 148, 150 paulsoni, Sylvilagus _.147, 148, 150 Sylvilagus —_. ..._145, 146, 147 148, 149 Sylvilagus floridanus —..145, 147, 148, 150 Hontatia ie 47 fraternus, Alloplectus —— 193, 194 Friedmann, Herbert elected president __.___ Vili fruhstorferi, Hydrometra __. 154, 155 fuallagana, Bacillometra____ 155, 156 Fulica flavirostris —. ____. 158 fuliginosus, Perognathus HEE pr SG EY/5 Sh furcata colombica, Thalu- Tania ee 128, 129 rostrifera, “Thalurania___ 128, 129 townsendi, Thalurania __ 128, 129 venusta, Thalurania ____ 128, 12S G galbanus, Hylophilus flay ies 9 galerita, Monarcha azurea__ 210 Gammarus gryllus — — __~ 177 Gerbillus campestris dodsoni 206 pyramidum aureus ____ 179, 180, 181 favillus, 2. 180, 181 pyramidum __.._179, 180, 181 tara) 180, 181 girardianus, Cambarus _____ 115 Slalcani Cea 64, 228, 229 Globicephala melaena —____ 167 gocdpasteri, Perognettus DAVUS 28 2 ee eo On aa Grallarai alleni ae 7 chthonia ___ ae 6 guatimalensis _..-- 6, 7 carmelitac =a 7 regulus __ 7 Varia! SE Eee 7 Grallaricula cucullata cucul- Vata secret ote a Nee 163 venezuelana 163 grande, Cinara 219, 223 grandis, Adelothrips 106, 110, 111, 113 griseicapillus aequatorialis, Sittasomusn = 131 amazonas, Sittasomus —___ 130 axillaris, Sittasomus —_ 130 griseicapillus, Sittasomus 131 griseus, Sittasomus —_ 129, 130 levis, Sittasomus —.____ 130 olivaceus, Sittasomus __— 131 perijanus, Sittasomus _. 130 reiseri, Sittasomus — _ 131 Sittasomus griseicapillus. 131 sylviellus, Sittasomus __ 131 sylvioides, Sittasomus -_ 130 tachirensis, Sittasomus 129, 130 griseus panamensis, Nycti- D111 Sic ee 127 Sittasomus grisecapillus 129, 130 gryllus, Eurythenes 177, 178 Gamma tsi en 177 guatimalensis carmelitae, Grallariay. = ee 7 Grallaria pee (Sev regulus, Grallaria 7 gularis lutescens, Macronus _ 209 saraburiensis, Macronus 209 suphureus, Macronus _. 209 Thamnistes anabatinus 131, 132 guttata euboria, Hylecichla _ 69 guttata, Hylocichla __._ 69 Index 235 oromela, Hylocichla ... 69 dae) _.... 59-62 sequoiensis, Hylocichla_... 69 A New Species ‘of Cinara epiiuligers, cuttuligera, ates ness Kanade Conidae) 63-64 MONAT OLTL1S Gee re t ew Species o nara venezuelana, Premnornis 160, 161 from Maine (Aphidae)— 65-68 Two New Species of Cin= H ara from Arizona... 83-88 rel ; a Descuntonsol Some Un- aldea valeriae — escribe orms of Cin= hammockensis, Adelothrips. 106, 110, 111, ara (Aphidae) sade ee! 89-92 Handley, Charles O., Jr. he Me a new Beecic of Re andley, ara from Northern Ari- The Taxonomic Status of zona_with Illustrations the cae OR ef FReHeEee Daneured phyllotis .M. en pecies an otes on and Idionycteris mexi= Schizolachnus Floccu- ALNER ee of Free- ast ay SU NG ote 219-226 - ae tPA eS EO) 2 ee Ses a - Tailed Bat (Genus Mors_._._______ Two New Species of Cin- mopterus) from Peru 197-202 ara from Alaska (Aphi- rember of council —__— Vili dae) ekki ee 227-230 haplonus, Platyrrhacus ___ a humilis, Pomatorhinus schis- plOLNAC IS = tIiCepS sae 208 Haplethtips | 21, 25,107 hyperboreum, Spariganium.. 95 americans 8 2 JE SCIE adnexa a SOnorens!s) 2 aemiula,. 2 eee 15. (Xylaplothrips) sonoren= 0s sustralis RAE eli ates Coca fiad 154 SESE ie 2, Kasilanag ee eee zs 155 Harper, Francis fruhstorferi _ the eens 154, 155 Amphibians and Reptiles lentipe sie eee 154 of the Ungava Penin- Eiyvlascanadens!ss==————————e 171, 172 0 ——————— 93-104 crucifera crucifera _. 100 Harpodesmus — 44 septentrionalis _____. mT 7ApeI72.9176 Relvinits, Hylophilus “auran= : nylobids,, Ls epee het ert as 4 ONS ee ocichla guttata ——_____.__. 69 Hemispingus melanotis Bibra ieee ms 69 MOG LE 10 Gromelam a eee ena 69 Hobbs, Horton H., Jr. sequoiensis —_____ 69 A New Crayfish of the Hylodes maculatus 170, 171, 172 Extraneus Section of Hylophilus aurantiifrons the Genus Cambarus helVinus) 0 oe 28 8 with a Key to the Spe- saturatus __ 8 cies of the Section - flavipes 9 9, 10 (Decapoda, Astacidae). 115-122 acuticaudus 10 hoffi, Adraneothrips _______ 22, 23, 24 Giese 9 Hoffman, Richard L. gallanus — 9 Generic Names in the Melleuse ee eee 9 Family Platyrhacidae and Their Type Spe- cies, with a Considera- I tion of the Status of : > Stenonia Gray, 1842. 41-52 Idionycters) = 33 Hoffmeister, Donald F. BNCTOENS 53 The Silky Pocket Mouse, phyllotis __. = 53 Perognathus flavus, in Idolothrips en 107 Arizona, with a Descrip- oe Crypturellus nocti- fas 7 N b = anna n-ne ee+ z nee ae act aeueaed 55-58 Tex ———______-_--__-_- 118 holostictus, Automolus ———— 131 Tlodesmus ——__________. 44 holostictus, Thripadectes 131 acoe ans gESD, MESo Ie au a 1 » Weedidlilid --—_---— a Bood! Douglas Thripidae infortunatus, Ploceus philip- ee PDL TL US eee yy UN lee LN CURSES) ETO intensior, ‘Phylloscopus Banana) pe ee 215-218 hopiensis, Perognathus flavus Koh, CAVED ons Eloplotanips: ee 105, 107 intermedia, Feresa 16 nate ee em ee eS 105 intermedius, Delphinus _____ 167 Hopigcorhichion me oe 44 _ ,Yhamnistes anabatinus _. 133 Bee ieee ue 44 iquitus, Dynesmus —____ 44 Hoe. C. ilusidentapic ee 47 Descriptions of Some Un- described Forms of J Schizolachnus with Key to Species Found in the javanus, Polydesmus —_.._ 44 United States (Aphi- jeffersonianum, Ambystoma. 100 236 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Johnson, D. H. elected custodian of pub- lications —_____. St viii elected vice president _ a viii Jones, J. Knox, Jr. and Robert L. Packard Feresa Intermedia (Gray) IPSEOCCUp Ted eee ee 167-168 jordani, Cambarus ES 115, 120 junctus, Adelothrips _...____ 109 K kalinowskii, Mormopterus__187, 198, an Karny.o tiny si ee 25 katantes, Platyrrhacus _____ 45 Katitcnobesiis, == see 177, 178 kerri, Barydesmus ——____ 43 klossi, Phylloscopus davisoni 209 kunanensis, Sclerurus Mo ceei ha Gy ue ee ee 131 1D; Tachnus! flocculosay _219, 221 Hocculossis Be, - latens, Systenothrips —___ 215 laticollis, Platyrrhacus _____ 44 lekhakuni, Muscicapa banyumas Wipe Gay oes eae Sd 209 lentipes, Hydrometra ______ 154 Leptherpum carinovatum —__ 48 ZC TTT CSV AM Wu shy ge lee TO 48 Lepus sylvaticus floridanus 146 Leucodesmus — — : 44 leucogonys, Acrochordopus — ZEIECONI giro at 7 leucoramphus, - Archiplanus leucoramphus _ se seeyeur 133 Devan Korman) 133 eurcdesmus, eee 44 levis, Sittasomus grisei- capillus See Ney 130 limosum, Equisetum acieee er ene 95 lineata, Syndactyla subalaris 162 Liquidambar stryaciflua 118 Liriodendron tulipifera —___ 118 Loriculus vernalis phileticus 207 VE TTA TG gee ee 207 luciae, Platyrhacus ______ me 44 Lurocalis semitorquatus —__ 128 MaAGeke tien 127, 128 schacren 128 lutescens, Macronus gularis 209 M Machaeropterus regulus _.__ 164 angioquiaey eae 164 aureopectusp === == 164 obscurostriatus 164 Striolatts se 164 ZANT ATU S ee ee 164 Macronus gularis lutescens — 209 Macronus gularis saraburi- ensis _ pA Se neraae 209 sulphureus) 2 209 macroura carolinensis, Zenaidura Gee eran ae Se one 124, 125 macroura, Zenaidura ___ 124, 125 marginella, Zenaidura __123, 124, 125 turturilla, Zenaidura ___ 123, 125 macrura, Adelothrips __.__.___._ 110, 112 maculata, Columnea _______ 194, 195 Pseudacris nigrita _____ E7172 735 174, 175 maculatus, Hylodes ___...__170, 171, 172 magna, Arachnothera magna 210 aurata, Arachnothera __ 211 musarum, Arachnothera _ 210, 211 pagodarum, Arachnothera 211 mallurus, Sylvilagus floridanus was 145, 147, 1485 ie marginella, Ectopistes nea Zenaidura macroura ____123, 124, = Mariana, Picea ee 228, 229 Maxillata’ 2 22S a ae 113 priesneri psslem. 113 mediotaeniatus, Platyrhacus - 45 Megalaima incognita elbeli_ 207 euroa _ wee a. 207 melaena, Globicephala are 167 melanotis, Chlorospingus —_ 10 Hemispingus melanotis _ 10 Melilotus —__ 39 melleus, Hylophilus flavipes _ 9 mentalis, Syndactyla suba- fasisee 2 ee 162 Meriones shawi azizi 205 sHawir 2.208 ae 205 mesaeus, Penelope argyotis— 127 metalica, Cinara ____________ 85, 87, 222 mexicanus, Idionycteris ____ 53 Polydesmus ee 47 Meyenii, Polydesmus ____ microsetis, Adraneothrips __.__ 21, 23, 24 minor, Polyphemothrips ____ 108 minutus, Mormopterus __187, 200, 201 Mnidoesmtsi =n aaaaes 44 crossotus - 44 modesta, Arachnothera affinis 210 Monarcha azurea galerita __ 210 montana see 210 prophatay_== =a 210 montanus, Cambarus = 119 monticola, Platyrrhacus ____ 43 Mormopterus kalinowskii __187, 198, oe 1 minutus) 42. ee 187, 200, 201 peruanus _______.187, 188) 198, 199 phrudus _ 197, 198, 199, 200, 201 Morton, C. V, Three New Gesneria- ceae from Panama —__ 193-196 Muscicapa banyumas deignani oe oe Se 209 lekhakuni ___ = 209 whiter: 255.2 See 209 moyobombus, Ernostyx 44 musae, Paileucothrips _______ _216 musarum, Arachnothera magna 240, 211 mystaceus neglectus, Platyrinchus ew = 133 perijanus, Platyrinchus _ : 133 N INanorhacis == a 44 nattereri, Camprimulgus ___ 127 Lurocalis semitorquatus_ 127, 128 neglectus, Platyrinchus iy Stce Se 133 niger cinereus, Sciurus_ 13, 145-155 165/17 niger, Sciurus _ SSS SS ? vulpinus, SCLUniS 17 Salix pet) ap 39 nigripes, Adelothrips Ais Shee 113 nigrita canadensis, Pseuda- eris) as eee 171, 172 feriarum, Pseudacris ___ 169, 176 —er-. Index maculata, Pseudacris 171, 172, 173, 174, 175 lelgareb yer ee hay al URAL septentrionalis, Pseuda- Chiss poe ee E1695 LS 72 triseriata, Pseudacris 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175, 176 nigritus, Chorophilus — 170 septentrionalis, Choro- LIL perce ee eh 171, 172 Mites inate sas ee ee 91, 92, 223 noctivagus columbianus, Coy pturellusy ee 2 noctivagus cursitans, Crypturellus -_ 1,2 idoneus, Crypturellus __ ie 2 nuchalis, Pomatorhinus SChiSticepS i= eee 208 PUT MAKATI ONS 178 187 127 Nyctinomus brasiliensis _— Nyctibius griseus panamensis Nyssodesmus — 44 EVN ovaeed EAS tek a le eee 44 O Oberholser, Harry C. A New Hermit Thrush fram Garaday sees 69-70 obesus, Eurythenes —_.._._. 178 ISS ey SS ee ees 177, 178 obscurostriatus, Machaerop- terus regulus peel ee 164 occulta; Feresa 167 ochropygia, Chaetura vauxi- 3 Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris cinnamomeiventris ——— 133 Qdontodesmius) = 42, 43, 44 olivacea, Syndactyla subalaris 161, 162 olivaceous, Perognathus DEW OG! ee See 183, 184 Campylorhamphus pusil- JEG) eS ee ese 160 Sittasomus griseicapillus 131 Organothrips —___ 215 oromela, Hylocichla ‘guttata 69 orphna, Anas discors _______ 31, 32 Owens, H. B. elected vice president _. Viii OS S1/6%e) RIS) ee ee 37 argypheum —__ s 38, 39 cochises se 38 comiutuny 2 38 paracechise __ = 37, 38 punctatum ___ 38 robertsoni —____... 39 subcornutum __.... 38 townsendi _._.__- = 39 O@zorhacisne = 45 12 Pachysylvia aurantiifrons saturata eS ear a 8 pagodarum, Arachnothera — magna - Se Sa ec). 211 pallescens, Dicaeum agile ___ 211 Palleucothrips ee AS 216 musae = = 216 palmarum, Adelothrips 109 paludicola paudicola, Sylvilagus ____ a 146 panamensis, Alloplectus (pakak 194 Nyctibius griseus __.___. 127 paracochise, Oxybelus Paradiso, John L. elected corresponding 237 Secretary. ae ere Vill Parazodesmus __. a be 45 VeELMUCOSUS t= = eon ee 45 parvus bullatus, Perog- UREIRULS Ye Ek 183, 184, 165 clarus, Perognathus _._ olivaceous, aecaeier ire 3 183, ie Perognathus ee a ae BOER 183, 185 trumbullensis, Perog- nathus __ nb ee 184, 185 parzudakii parzudakii, | ARE aYi9e hot Pee ae I 133 Tanagra Eid sis torae a a ae 133 passerinus, Ploceus phil- ippinus anes 211 paulsoni, Sylvilagus flori= danus _ jee Ae OAT 1483150 Pauxi pauxi gilliardi 157 pauxi __ 157 Pellorneum ruficeps — chthon- ium _ Soe ea NT Shee eee 208 elbeli ____. 203 ubonense 208 Penelope argyrotis mesaeus_ 127 perijanus, Platyrinchus MVS tACeUSw Ale tee eee 133 Sittasomus griseicapillus. bie 130 Perognathus flavus —...._. 55, 56, 57 bimaculatus) 56, 57 HERVE) 51 fuliginosus = _55, 56, 57, 58 gocdpasteri 55, 56, 57 hopiensis —._. 56, 57 parvus peeks ee ae 183, 185 bullatus _.183, 184, 185 clanus 184 olivaceous —_ 183, 184 trumbullensis 184, 185 peruanus, Mormopterus 187, 188, 198, 199 Phaethornis augusti augusti 125, 126 curicsus ________- 125 Phelps, William H. and Wil- liam H. Phelps, Jr. Three New Birds from Cerro El Teteo, Venezuela, and Ex- tensions of Ranges to Venezuela and Colombia —_ 127-134 Five New Birds from Rio Chiquito, Tachira, Vene- zuela and Two Exten- sions of Ranges from Colombia —— 157-166 phileticus, Loriculus vernalis 207 philippinus angelorum, Plo= ceus — ss 211 burmanicus, “Ploceus _. 211 infortunatus, Ploceus 211 passerinus, Ploceus —_ 211 Philydor atricapillus — 4,5 hylebius _._____.. 4 Phractedesmus) 45 phrudus, Mom prers 197, 198, 199, 200, 201 Phyllorhynchus | a ae - 81 Phylloscopus davisoni davi- SON een Re eS 209 iIntension ee 209 klossi AT ee 209 phyllotis, Idionycteris ie ee 53 IRivodesnii sens anes ie 45 Picea pee eae 66 canadensis 64 glauca _ 64, 228, 229 238 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Mariana eee eee 228, 229 Cinarabye— ee 64, 66 pictus, Platyrhacus _._ 43 Polydesmus, == 45 pilipes, Polydesmus (Acan- thodesmus) 9 43, 47 pineti, Schizolachnus __ 62 pini-radiatae, Schizolachmus noes 62, 219, 221, 222 pinona, Cinara __ es 87 Pinus albicaulis ——___ 90 edulis __ 83, 84, 85, 86, 8 87, 91,92, 221 ponderosa eee 59, 60, 62 pipiens pipiens, Rana __.__ 100, 101 Blatyshaews) ee 4043 455) 46 bilineatus Sea nk Spa 46 Clathiscatits eee nee 46 Lucie Tt ee 4 mediotaeniatus 45 DICH Sy eee ee 43 PLOPING WS ee 46 Scab ere ae Sls Se 45, 46 SCULAtU SH Se 43 tenebrosus, 22 46 Platyrhacidae —___ Se. 41, 42 Platyrinchus flavigularis flavigularis abisbe HS 133 VAVIGUS" Soe 133 mystaceus neglectus ___ 133 perijanus _ Se 133 Platyrrhacus bidens ____.___ 43 doy phontise ee 44 hap lopisp 44 katantes ene a 45 laticollis) 2=5 =e 44 ATLOMELCO lag eee 43 subalbus ___ 43 Submissus 45 Subspinosus, 2 43 IWiebert 22k = ere 44 Ble COttrs pict ee ee 53 SUGGS eee ee lee 53 iPleorhactis ee ee 45 Plethodon cinereus cinereus 100 Ploceus philippinus ange= icra) ee : 211 burmanicus ______ 211 TLOGEUNA LAS 211 passerinus _.. wi 211 Plusioporodesmus 45 beliicosus = a 45 pocketa, Cinara ____ = 220, 222 Polydesmorhachis 45 atratus BI ERAG Ae 45 Polydesmus(Acanthodesmus) pilipes see eee eens 43, 47 bilineatis) eee 47 Clathaakt(s. =e 47 dentatus. anne 47, 48 complanatis =e 48 concolor Stee ay ene 45 Danal ieee eee eee 47 ibmllopo eV) — 46 HAVAIU SG sea ee eee 44 IMiexi cats) pee 47 Miety e111 ess ere 44 DUCE Cs he See en a 45 Scaber yet See ee 46 SUbiwittabis ne 45 Stila trans ere 44 Polyphemothrips 2 105, 107, 108 bLazivenstseee Ee 105 Minor, 108 Pomatorhinus scluisticeps BV ACE US wpe eee eee 208 difficillis 20 208 Jairfaayl by a 208 payoyelaay icy a 208 Lipponl, eee 208 ponderosa, Pinus __.______._ 59, GO, 62 Porphyrula flavirostris _____ 158 praetexta, Columnea ____ 195 Premnornis guttuligera gut- tuligera Sits Lees 160, 161 venezuelana _ 160, 161 priesneri, Maxillata —._ 113 Proaspisys= = + eee 45 aita - Bee ee en 45 Prodesmus) 45 prophata, Monarcha azurea 210 Propinquus, Platyrhacus __ 46 Sclerurus albigularis __ 131 Psammodesmus _ 2 heres 45, 46 COS) 3 45 Psaphodesmus pera 45 Pseudacris nigrita 169, ‘170, aval 172, 173 cCanadensicy aes 171, 172 fenianum 169, 176 maculata 171, 172, 173, 174, 175 septentrionalis 169, 171, 172 triseriata _. 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175, 176 septentrionalis —_____ 171, 172 punctatum, Oxybelus 38 pusillus borealis, Campylor- hamphus, =e 160 Campylorhamphus pusil- lus, 3 ee 159, 160 olivaceus, Campylorham- phus. ee 160 tachirensis, Campylor- hamphs 159, 160 phyllotis, Corynorhinus —__ 53 pyramidum aureus, Gerbil= hits; Ss eee 179, 180, 181 favillus, Gerbillus - 180, 181 Gerbillus pyramidum __179, 180, 181 tarabuli, Gerbillus _ 180, 181 Q Quercus) ee eee 118 Querquedula discors albinu- Cha) a 30, 31 R radix brachystoma, Thamno- 42 Se 72 Thamnophis an 71, 81 Ranagaescpls as 136, 140 arecolata == aes 136, 138, 144 Capito ___135, 138, 140, 142, 143 Capiton 137, 139, 140, 141, 143 sevosa __.__137, 139, 140, 141, 143 stertens _. 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 143 clamitans) 100 pipiens pipiens —.__.____. 100, 101 septentrionalis —____ 100 S@VOSA. =e GOR AS sylvatica cantabrigensis Ais ee eS Oe Sent Ou) sylvatica Rew 98 regulus antioquiae, Machae- ropterus __ ee, 164 aureopectus, Machaerop- terus ith ee eS 164 Grallaria guatimalensis _ 7 Machaeropterus ______._.__ 164 Index obscurostriatus, Machae- TOMteKUS) ee 164 striolatus, Machaeropte- rb Le ou Sacer e 164 zulianus, Machaeropterus 164 reiseri, Sittasomus _ grisei- Capillis eae 131 Rhabdothrips . 216 Rhyphodesmus ——__.._.___ 45 nie ee ee 48 Lm = ae 45 richardsi, Adelothrips —___ 113 richmondi, Chaetura vauxi__ PN &) ripponi, Pomatorhinus schi- ShiceD Ss ee ee ee 208 robertsoni, Oxybelus ____ 39 rostrifera, Thalurania furcata 128, 129 rufescens, Thamnistes ana- LDEtnS 22 a 133 ruficeps chthonium, Pellor- neum _ tisha 208 elbeli, “Pellorneum __ 208 ubonense, Pellorneum __ 208 Russell, Louise M. member of council ___ Vili rustica, Cinara _______._._.-__._ 83, 84, 222 rusticiformis, Cambarus ___ 115, 120 S SHilbs rere a 39 saraburiensis, Macronus gu- IGRI! Coe a 209 saturata, Pachysylvia au auran- tiifrons il eae SR ee ae g saturatus, Hylophilus auran- PLUTONS He seemed AA 8 Thamnistes anabatinus _ 132 scaber, Platyrhacus ___.___ 45, 46 Polydesmus sskaseae ees schaeferi, Lurocalis semitor- quatus, == 128 schaubergeri, Abiastothrips =A 105, 107 schisticeps alivaceus, Poma- torhinus _ 208 difficilus, Pomatorhinus _ 208 humilis, Pomatorhinus _ 208 nuchalis, Pomatorhinus_ 208 ripponi, Pomatorhinus _. 208 Schizolachmus ___ seo 62 curvispinosus ____.._. 59, 60, 62 Hoccwlosamee enna 221 DING Ups eee 62 Pini-radiatae 62, 219, 221, 222 ETS © Cea peer ree ae 61, 62 Wal eat peer em hele 60, 61, 62 SGC GTO, pa 222 Schwartz, Albert The Cottontail Rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) of Peninsular Florida — 145-152 Schwartz, Albert and Julian R. Harrison, III A New Subspecies of Gopher Frog (Rana capito Leconte) ___ 135=144 Sciurus niger cinereus 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 TSC Le ees es 14, 15 VAGRANT 17 Sclerurus albigularis kuna- nensis ee See 131 propinquus ee 131 scutatus, Platyrhacus —___ 43 semirufus albigula, Atla- jeues PRES 164 zimmeri, Atlapetes” a 165 semitorquatus, Lurocalis 128 nattereri, Lurocalis 127, 128 schaeferi, Lurocalis —.... 128 separabile, Dicaeum agile _ 211 septentrionalis, Chorophilus_170, 171, 172 MISTICUS eee Se 171, 172 Flys] ince ae Ba Pseudacris nigrita - Rana BME ey sequoiensis, Hylocichla “gut- fatale eee ee ee ee 69 SeniCOt hint p Sie eee ee 216 Setzer, H. W. Two New Gerbils from Tei by ayes ee ee 179-182 A New Jird from Libya 205-206 sevosa, Rana _____. 136, 140, 144 Capito mi37) , 139, 140, 141, 143 Shantz, Viola S. member of councli ___. Vili shawi azizi, Meriones_______. 205 Meriones shawi 205 shawi, Meriones _.______ 205 Shoemaker, Clarence R. Notes on the Amphipods Eurythenes gryllus (Lichtenstein) and Katius obesus Chev- reux/t Se ee ee 177-178 simulatus Alloplectus ae SORE 194 sirtalis sirtalis, Thamnophis 100 Sittasomus griseicapillus ae- GOO MEN IG 131 amazonas 130 epaileyeie) 130 griseicapillus as) 131 STISCUS ae ee ee 129, 130 leisy = 130 Olijacellsye ae 131 Dewan Se 130 reiseri) 22 131 sylviellus 131 sylvioides ____ = 130 tachirensis __.____ 129, 130 Sladen, W. J. L., The life history of the Adelie Pen- we guin SAREE RE NS es Vili Smith, AC cues = ; elected vice president _. Vili Smith, Philip W. The Status, Correct Name, and Geographic Range of the Boreal Chorus ETO pe cen ee et ee 169-176 Sonata Gina. 220, 228 sonorensis, Haplothrips (Xyla-plothrips) — 22, 25 soplada, Cinara _. 65, 66 Sparganium hyperboreum __ 95 spicatus, Cambarus 116, 118, 119, 120 Spilodesrnyc(s pease 46 xsi] hs sees eS 46 sporophagus, Adelothrips __ 109, 112 Stannard, Lewis J., Jr. Five New Thrips from the Southwest (Thysa- noptera: Tubulifera) _ 21-28 Six New Species of Adelo- thrips from the New World with Critical Re- marks on This Genus and Related Genera —_ 105-114 stenocephalus, Adraneothrips 21, 23 Stenoniai se eee 42, 43, 46, 47, 48 240 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington buberosay oss esas eee 46 Stenonoldes) ee 46 Caton) 3 ee 46 stertens, Rana capito —_ 136, By 138, 139, 140, 141, 143 Stewart, , Robert E. and John W. Aldrich Distinction of Maritime and Prairie Populations of Blue-winged Teal — 29-36 Stone, Alan elected vice president — Vili striolata, Syndicatyla suba- lanise 2h, RNS 161, 162 striolatus, Machaeropterus Leculds7 ee 164 stryacifiua, Liquidambar on 118 subalaris calligata, eae tylagi) eS. OS Pe Be 162 lineata, Syndactyla _____ 162 mentalis, Syndactyla __ 162 clivacea, Syndactyla ___ 161, 162 subalaris, Syndactyla —— 162 striolata, Syndactyla _— 161, 162 subalbus, Platyrrhacus —___ 43 subcornutum, Oxybelus ___ 38 submissus, Platyrrhacus ___ 45 subspinosus, Platyrrhacus — 43 subvittatus, Polydesmus ___ 45 sulphureus, Macronus gularis 209 sumatranus, Polydesmus __— 44 sylvatica cantabrigensis, [Ranacay scams 93, 97, 98, 100 Rana sylvatica tate AR ae 98 sylvaticus floridanus, Lepus 146 sylviellus, Sittasomus grisei- Capillsiye an Se id ee aE 131 Sylvilagus floridanus ee AS AG 8147148) (49 ammophilus —__145, 147, 148, 150 floridanus _..___145, 147, 148, 150 mallurus, === _—.145, 147, 148, 150 paulsoni ____ 147, 148, 150 Sylvilagus paludicola paludi- colane=— ale 146 sylvioides, ‘Sittasomus grisei- caplluss—— 130 Syndactyla subalaris calli- Vatay sae eS 162 linea tat 2s same ee 162 mentalisy === a eee? 162 Glivacea Pt es 161, 162 striolatay asks 161, 162 subalaris _ 162 Systenothrips — 215 latens ee 2 ae = 215 ly tachirensis, Campylorham- phus) pusilus Sees 159, 160 Sittasomus griseicapillus 129, 130 Tachyphonus victorini _____ 134 tapichus, Aymaresmus ____. 43 tarabuli, Gerbillus pyrami- dum) ee a os 180, 181 tenebrosus, Platyrhacus ___ 46 terminalis, Cinara 64, 84 Rhyphodesmus ae 45 terrestris americanus, Bufo 96 copei, Bufo ________94, 96, 100, 103 townsendi, Oxybelus 39 Thalurania furcata ___- 128, 129 triseriata, Pseudacris nigrita Se EEO AOL Ale 72s 74. 5S LAG triseriatus, Chorophilus ___ 170 trumbullensis, Perognathus 184, 185 tuberosa, Stenonia —_ 46 tulipifera, Liriodendron ___ 118 turturilla, Zenaidura macro= UWA.) ae eee 123, 125 tusoca, Schizolachnus ____ 61, 62 Tadarida brasiliensis pt hae 187, 188, 197, 198, 199, 200, mM Tanagra parzudakii pe parzudakiy 133 Thalurania furcata colombica 128, 129 rostrifera _ a 128, 129 townsendi —______ 128, 129 Venusta, =a 128, 129 Thamnistes anabatinus ae- qtatorialisg =e 2s 131, 132 afapatins 132 coronatus, 132 gularis) =. = See 131, 132 intermedius ———___ 133 rifescens, 22s aes 133 Saturatis) 132 Thamnophis brachystoma __ 71-81 butlers: = “71, 723, 77, 4S;n/9 cook fadix = == 3. ee 71, 81 brachy stoma. 72 SIGEAS SIGE a1 Seen 100 Thripadectes holostictus holostictus a 131 Trodesmus\ 2) eae 46 iirachops cofnni = 189 Drochilus august) 125 Tropothrips, = 105 elas Tropothrips borgmeieri — 112, 113 U ubonense, Pellorneum rufi- ceps). ep See an = 208 Ulmnus) 22 Eee 118 V vacuus, Adraneothrips __ 22, 23, 24 valeriae, Haldeay == 81 Weiee), (Greibevcey 7 vauxi aphanes, Chaetura ___ fe ochropygia, Chaetura __ 3 richmondi, Chaetura ___ Pe venezuelana, Grallaricula cu- cullata, . 163 Premnornis guttuligera — 160, 161 Veniliornis digmus abdomi= nalis. 2) 158, 159 baezae.. 158, 159 Gigtitts 158, 159 venusta, Thalurania furcata 128, 129 vernalis, Loriculus vernalis 207 phileticus, Loriculus —__ 207 vernalis, Loriculus —___ 207 verrucosus, Parazodesmus __ 45 verticalis, Creurgops ______ 164 victoriae, Eutrachyrhachis _. 44 victorini, Compsocoma flavi- nuchal 134 vividus, Platyrinchus ~ flavi- sularis; Ries) 133 vulpinus, Sciurus niger _._ 17 W wahlea, Schizolachnus ___ 60, 61, 62 wahtolea,, Cinara) =e 223 weberi, Platyrrhacus __ a 44 Wetmore, Alexander Additional Forms of Birds from Panama and Co- eye OV EY, pe Wetmore, Alexander and William H. Phelps, Jr. Further Additions to the List of Birds of Vene- ALO bis Ae eae wetmorei, Acrochordopus woodfordi, Diontodesmus woythowshii, Bacillometra _. Xx xanthopus, Adelothrips Xanthornus leucoramphus —. CT OCLE SITLL ge .._..105, 107, 110 Index Oratisn ee Ss Se ee Xylaplothrips sonorensis __ 22, 123-126 7d, zeledoni bunites, Acrochordo= Puig ee eee ae leucogonys, Acrochordo- 1-12 pus ~——————~-_-—.----- wetmorei, Acrochordopus 7 Zenaidura macroura caro- 209 lens icy ee eee 124, B MacColl Tay 124, 155 reeyepeo ie, 123, 124, turturilla . . zerneyi, Leptherpum ____ zimmeri, Atlapetes semirufus ODESINUIS Ns eto a 133 zulianus, Machaeropterus 46 TO LLCS ee eae eae f a . hee aD i Qu 3 9088 01205 1926