QA AK . WN SN ONY IY \\ AAS - \ \ \ << X \ \S » ROM RAY QQ Ry \S SS AQ \ SN \ AY oF Teas \ert | SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION \/j UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM ta { 3 & & > Binge % PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM VOLUME 77 \% UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1931 4 seks \/ \ a a. be poe 4 P 4 } ‘ then \ ! C) Lr 1S da ADVERTISEMENT The scientific publications of the National Museum include two series, known, respectively, as Proceedings and Bulletin. The Proceedings, begun in 1878, is intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original papers, based on the collections of the National Museum, that set forth newly acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology, with descriptions of new forms and revisions of limited groups. Copies of each paper, in pamphlet form, are distributed as published to libraries and scientific organi- zations and to specialists and others interested in the different subjects. The dates at which these separate papers are published are recorded in the table of contents of each of the volumes. The present volume is the seventy-seventh of this series. The Bulletin, the first of which was issued in 1875, consists of a series of separate publications comprising monographs of large zoological groups and other general systematic treatises (occasion- ally in several volumes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, cata- logues of type specimens, special collections, and other material of similar nature. The majority of the volumes are octavo in size, but a quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indispensable. In the Bulletin series appear volumes under the heading Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, in octavo form, published by the National Museum since 1902, which contain papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum. ALEXANDER WETMORE, Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. Wasuineron,.D. C., Way 5, 1931. Ill ‘ ioe ane ae oF ay fe asthe ieee Paani Ody ad bi citys ods ot ae pacer W RACK enh: Poe sails apcaaas aah fe penaieren’, she sanity : Kes ‘$i hoo ee fot ay. CONTENTS Brenper 4 Branois, G. A. (see Nrersrrasz, H. F.)--------_-- Cuirrenven, F. H. New species of North American weevils of the genus Lixus. No. 2841, pp. 1-26. November 15, New species: Lixvus albisetiger, L. aspericollis, L. coloradensis, L. perstriatus, L. acirostris, L. ordinatipennis, L. quadratipunc- taius, L. crassipunctatus, L. ivae, L. dissimilis, L. tricristatus, L. planicotlis, L. pervestitus, L. flexipennis, L. buechanani, L. plucheae, L. capitatus, L. lodingi, L. regularipennis, L. cleo- noides, L. mephitis, L. elephantutlus. New varieties: Ligvus sylvius, var. profundus, L. fossus, var. ocel- latus. Cocuran, Dorts M. The herpetological collections made by Dr. Hugh M. Smith in Siam from 1923 to 1929. No. 2834, pes ya A pril30, 1930 taneid wiiot ers one, mest ise. a New species: Leiolopisma pranensis. CusuMaAn, JosepH A., and Ozawa, YosHraxi. A monograph of foraminiferal family Polymorphinidae recent and fossil. No: 2829: pp i185.) *Auoust'29 WOs042. 2s sae 2 ee ole wee New genera: Hoguttulina, Quadrulina, Paleopolymorphina. New species: Hoguttulina anglica, Guttulina bartschi, G. frankei, G. hantkeni, G. jarvisi, G. lehneri, G. yamazakii, G. kishinouyi, G. baileyi, G. schafferi, G. woodsi, G. paalzowi, G. dawsoni, G. (Sigmoidina) silvestrii, Pyrulina albatrossi, Globulina glacialis, G. flexa, G. triserialis, Pseudopolymorphina suboblonga, P. atian- tica, P. phaleropei, P. paucicostata, P. curta, P. dollfussi, P. jonesi, Polymorphina fornasinii, P. longistriata, P. alleni, P. schilumbergeri, P. howchini, Sigmomorphina muttalli, S. lam- arcki, 8S. pearceyi, S. schencki, 8. kotoi, 8S. trinitatensis, S. borne- mann, S. gallowayi, S. vaughani, 8S. aliceae, Sigmoidella plum- merae, S. margaretae, Giandulina reussi. New varieties: Guttulina irregularis, var. nipponensis, G. regina, var. crassicostata, G. adhaerens, var. cuspidaia, G. laciea, var. earlandi, Globulina gibba, var. verrucosa, G. g., var. fissicostata, G. g., var. longitudinalis, G. inaequalis, var. dolifussi, G. %., var. spinata, G. lacrima, var. ericia, Pseudopolymorphina suboblonga, var, jugosa, P. rutila, var. parri, P. dolifussi, var. tenuistriata. New name: Pseudopolymorphina ovalis. 1 Date of publication. Article 9 18 11 VI PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Cusuman, R. A. A revision of the North American species of ichneumon-flies of the genus Odontomerus. No. 2826, Ppei=1d.: “Webruary 4;.1930 225 ee ee ie New species: Odontomerus brevicaudus, O. tibialis, O. punctatus, O. striatus. Ewine, H. E. The taxonomy and host relationships of the biting lice of the genus Dennyus and Eureum, including the description of a new genus, subgenus, and four new species. No. 2848, pps 1—16., October 15, 1930222201 __ #4_ 24 _ 2 ee New genus: Hirundoecus. New subgenus: Ctenodennyus. New species: Dennyus (Dennyus) richmond, D. (D.) australis, D. (Ctenodennyus) spiniger, Hirundoecus americanus. Fisoer, W.S. Notes on the rhinotragine beetles of the family Cerambycidae, with descriptions of new species. No. 2842, pp. 1-20... October hS;.1930 taxcek A yes ee New species: Odontocera triplaris, O. buscki, O. zeteki, O. never- manni, O. darlingtoni, Acyphoderes rufofemorata, Bromiades meridionalis, Phygopoda mannii, Tomopterus viitipennis, T. similis. FrrepmMann, Hereert. The caudal molt of certain coracii- form, coliiform, and piciform birds. No. 2830, pp. 1-6. March 18, 1980222250 22 Gide ee ee cele ee eens ee Ganan, A. B. Synonymical and descriptive notes on para- sitic Hymenoptera. No. 2831, pp. 1-12. April 9, 1980 7____ New species: Opius bellus, O. lectoides, Vipio moneilemae, Brachy- meria nephantidis, Horismenus depressus, Pleurotrepis detri- mentosus. Giumorsr, Cuartes W. A nearly complete shell of the extinct turtle Trachemys sculpta. No. 2833, pp. 1-8. April 8, On dinosaurian reptiles from the Two Medicine formation of Montana. No. 2839, pp. 1-39. November 20, New species: Palaeoscinus rugosidens, Styracosaurus ovatus. Jupp, Nem Merton. The excavation and repair of Betatakin. No. 2828) pp. Joi. September?) 1930 2.4.) Sho ae Matuocu, J. R., and Rouwer, 8. A. New forms of sphecoid wasps of the genus Didineis Wesmael. No. 2887, pp. 1-7. October 1227 L950 S20): Sak Se ae eh ee eh esata eee New species: Didineis latimana, D. dilate. New variety: Didineis nodosa, var. clypeata. Mansrietp, WENDELL C. Some peculiar spiral fossil forms from California and Mexico. No. 2836, pp. 1-38. October 75) Wg I P10) eee pe aT Se eRe Is ete ap New species: Xenohelia? clarki, X.? mexicana. VOL. 77 Article 20 19 10 16 14 13 1Date of publication. CONTENTS Marswatt, Wititiam B. New land and fresh-water mollusks from South America. No. 2825, pp. 1-7. January 25, New species: Bulimulus (Bulimulus) felipponei, Drymaeus har- ringtoni, Odontostomus (Plagiodontes) teisseirei, O. (Spixia) chuquisacana, Planorbis paysanduensis, Ampullaria palmeri, Diplodon yaguaronis, Anodontites palmeri. Nrmrstrasz, H. F., and Brenner 4 Branpis,G. A. Three new genera and five new species of parasitic crustacea. No. Peas loos April 8. 1030 toca ei ee ee New genera: Faba, Heptalobus. Apocepon. New species: Faba setosa, F. glabra, Hepialobus paradozus, Duplorbis ocarina, Apocepon pulcher. Ozawa YosHiaki (see CusHMAN, JosEPH A.)____---___-____ Pimrce, W. Dwicur. Studies of the North American weevils belonging to the superfamily Platystomoidea. No. 2840, pee l=34-> December, 10) wl O30 to 2a) es Se New subfamilies: Platystominae, Choraginae, Xenorchestinae. New tribes: Discotenini, Phaenithonini, HKurymycterini, Allan- drini, Meconemini, Platystomini, Brachytarsini. New genera: Pseudanthribus, Pseudobrachytarsus, Brachytar- eoides. New species: Ormiscus angulatus, O. solidus, Toxotropis simplex, T. sparsus, T. quadrimaculatus, T. mitchelli, T. victoriensis, Tropideres barberi, Eurymycter latifascia, H. bicarinatus, #. tiricarinaius, Allandrus populi, Husphyrus schwarei. Pricr, EMmMrTr W. Two new species of trematode worms of the genus Eucotyle from North American birds. No. 2824, Dla hanuaryy lS. hOS0F io. ee ee ee New species: Hucotyle hassalii, H. wehri. Rivey, J. H. Birds from the small islands off the northeast coast of Dutch Borneo. No. 2835, pp. 1-23. October 21, Birds collected in inner Mongolia, Kansu, and Chi- hh by the National Geographic Society’s Central-China Expedition under the direction of F. R. Wulsin. No. 2838, pp. 1-30 October.29.- 193042 sk. fk A ee Tes Rowwer, 8. A. (see Mauiocu, J. R.)---_--__-_--_-_---+-_----- SHOEMAKER, CLARENCE R. The lysianassid amphipod crus- taceans of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick in the United States National Museum. No. 2827, pp. 1-19. TWIG Wel oe AOS OSE) Sis cal ag cm al a gre ee eye ds New species: Orchomene depressa, OC. macroserrata. Vil Article 1% 12 15 14 1 Date of publication. ILLUSTRATIONS PLATES New Species oF North AMERICAN WEEVILS OF THE GENUS LIxUS By EF. H. Chittenden Facing page 2. New species’ of “Bieiws 220s ae eed Ae ens 26 A MonocraPH OF THE FORAMINIFERAL FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE RECENT AND HOSsIL By Joseph A. Cushman and Yoshiaki Ozawa 140. Foraminifera of the family Polymorphinidae___________________ 146-185 A NEARLY COMPLETE SHELL oF THE HxTINcT TURTLE TRACHEMYS SCULPTA By Charles W. Gilmore 1. Trachemys sculpta. Carapace from above_________-___-_--_________ § 2. Trachemys sculpta. Plastron and carapace from lower side--________ 7 3. Trachemys sculpta. Krom the right sides 2-2 eee eee 8 ON DINOSAURIAN REPTILES FROM THE Two MEDICINE FORMATION OF MONTANA By Charles W. Gilmore 1. Hxcavating skeleton of Palaeoscincus rugosidens__.________--_________ 40 Pas TSUN One THMMKRONCHECUIS POOR IIGWIS—— a 40 38. Skull and ramus of Palaeoscincus rugosidens_________-----_----____ 40 4, Sacrumvand teeth of Palacoscinciss. eee ee 40 5. Dermal scutes of Palaeoscincus rugosidens_._______-__---------__-_- 40 6. Dermal spines of Palaeoscincus rugosidens___________-_---__-_--__-- 40 %. Ilium and dermal bones of Palaeoscincus rugosidens________------—_ 40 S2SKelecom COLL O SCT CUS ee eA IS as TR ve LS 40 Ds SEU OL TD af CUO S ANTS ee EN Lc SO 40 LOL TATS OL SCY NE COST US aes eR LE RE DR TO a ee RT ot OER 40 Vir 4. A. 5. A. 6, A. 10. A. 11. A. & Ie 13. A. 15. A. 16, A. 17. A. 18, A. ILLUSTRATIONS THE HWXCAVATION AND REPAIR OF BETATAKIN By Neil Merton Judd Facing page 1. Betatakin biends naturally with the walls of its vast cave____--__ ues 2. Map showing the three units of Navajo National Monument________ SRErounduplam of setae kim: Ruins se ee ee Trail scene in Segi Canyon in August, 1908. B. Approaching Betatakine Ruinvon March 27, cl Gliese os ee ee ae Blanketed with snow, camp was a dismal place. B. Waiting for whatever thercooknmightaprovide: 2s. owi i oe eee ee The principal house group before excavation, as viewed from room 75. Room 66 stands at the lower right. B. Above rooms 66 and 117, in the right foreground, one notes the seepage zone which formerly watered diverse vegetation__-_______-__________------ . The door of room 6 and, on the right margin, the convex founda- tion of room 8. B. Rooms 3-7 and the near-by retaining wall, asiviewed! fromuthe! root oferoom) 2022220 ee ee . A smali pole formed a secondary jamb for the door to room 18. B. The problematical. Unusual door in the southeast corner of . Room 17 boasts the best preserved wattled wall in Betatakin. At its top is a fresh patch of adobe mud. 3B. Here is shown the partly blocked first-story door of room 66 and the shadowed FATE TO COS TG eC TM tN ae Te ete eA a eb ican Building stones were salvaged from the talus slope and passed up for use in wail repairs. B. Room 20, from the southwest, show- ing, above the workman, a steel plate and anchor rod__________ The northeast wall of court 24, at the left, before restoration. B. Two-story room 66 and near-by buildings stand at the ex- AST TN GT TN as I RG at SS Ds US le Wattled northeast wall of court 28, from the west. B. Navajo Indian repairing the wattled wall of court 24--________________ Willows, cedar bark, and sand made a new roof for room 381. B. Room 44, from the west; beyond, the lower seepage zone and . Repairing the south wall of room 48. View taken from room 47. B. The northeast wall of court 45 ended in a channel, pecked TTD NC CTE ea ee a a a ee La The central house cluster, from room 75. In the middle distance, two men stand in room 51. B. Blown sand soon settled on the bared seepage zone above the main cross-cave trail____________- The northwest wall of rooms 64-85 (which later collapsed) with beam holes marking the floor level of the seecond-story chamber. B. Many Betatakin walls were erected upon such shallow, pecked steps as these, at the southeast end of rooms 101-102____ Platform 58 and room 59 stand above the sloping sites of rooms 57 and 60. B. At the right, new wali rests await reconstruction EBT. OTT SY GO) AT Ce GA ULNA UI Reconstructing the northeast wall of room 60. 3B. The partially restored walls of rooms 56, 57, and 60_-___-__________-________ 78 78 78 %8 78 78 78 73 73 78 78 73 24, 25. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 Facing page A. The upper, east house group before excavation. Room 78 shows prominently in the middle distance. B. Rooms 78-81, after res- toration. In the right foreground, the repaired west wall of - TOOTS (CGH CT SAN A EMD TIRES RO ete Sed es Ss Sg Ee . A. Houses of the northeast group had been demolished by huge blocks of fallen sandstone as this view, from room 81, plainly shows. B. In the foreground, the restored walk fronting rooms 78-81; at the lower left, the side walls of rooms 76—77________ A. Massive sandstone slabs had crushed the roof of room 79. B. The east retaining wall looks down upon rooms 82-85_____________ A. The waitled east wall of room 82 and, beyond, the broken west masonry of rooms 75-76. B. Pecked grooves and steps on these bared slopes evidence the former presence of other dwellings__ A. Walls and mealing bins of room 117, restored; above, the principal cross-cave trail. B. The plastered north shelf and corner bench in room 55. Viewed from the east___________________________ A. In the foreground, restored room 122; at the upper left, room 73 stands on the old stepped trail. B. For repairing the east house group, mud was dragged up the slope from court 83___________ The eastern house group occupied two separate terraces and the slope between. Restored room 117, at the lower left________________ . A. A slender pole formerly provided access to the gallery ledge. B. In court 10, a ladder replaces steps pecked in the cliff_____ . A. A notched cedar now stands in the north corner of court 13. B. Ladder and stone steps at the north corner of court 24____ . A. View from court 28, across the south wall of room 39 to rooms 1-3, in the far crevice. B. Wise explorers will indulge a cook’s whim for gloves and Spanish spurs_________________________ . A. Painted figures on the cliff above rooms 89-90. B. Rooms 86-89, fromthe morth: end: of ar oor, GO) see re . Across the canyon from Betatakin is an incipient cave, teo shallow LOT UML OCCU PAC Ve ee sen I AEE or Wg EN eg ee en . Metate or mealing stone. Manos, or hand stones, used on metates__ AES A Sea SIN OOEMTMS 1S GOIN es eee see et meen . Drilled oak board and billets of cottonwood_________-___________ . Cottonwood staves, oak digging sticks, and willow potrests________ . Miscellaneous artifacts of wood --__-_______~__________-_ es . Drill, wooden awls, spindle shafts, and whorls____________________ . Toothed implements and cord-wrapped sticks____________________ + BORE Wa WIS “AN Cy SSCL PET See eee eo) AEA UCR NE Fe ESTUSMES (COLO s WADI Gis CO EU OTA Tee eset a aa os nt ce . Twilled sandals (1 and 2 show the same specimen, top and bottom SVL VV.) ici ea FE AE TO ION A gpa BU LN 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 %8 78 ILLUSTRATIONS XI Some PECULIAR SPIRAL Fossit ForMsS FROM CALIFORNIA AND MmxIco By Wendell C. Mansfield Facing page 1. Peculiar spiral fossil forms from California and Mexico__--------__ 4 2. Peculiar spiral fossil form from California______._______----_-_----_- 4 New LAND AND FRESH-WATER MOLLUSES FROM SouTtH AMERICA By William B. Marshall 1-2. New mollusks from South America_______-----~-------_--_-_-_-- 8 Strupies oF THE NortH AMERICAN WEEVILS BELONGING TO THE SUPERFAMILY PLATYSTOMOIDEA By W. Dwight Pierce 1p North American Platystomoideas. 22 ee ee 34 Birps FROM THE SMALL ISLANDS OFF THE NORTHEAST COAST OF DutcH BORNEO By J. H. Riley 1. Maratua (Moeara Toea) and adjacent islands_____________-___-___ 1 TEXT FIGURES THE HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS MapE By Dr. HucH M. SMITH IN SIAM FROM 1923 To 1929 By Doris M. Cochran Page 1. Sphenomorphus helenae. Type. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 67265. From Nontaburi, Siam. a, top of head; 6, profile view; c, underside of ek le ee ee ee 17 2. Riopa hughi. Type. U.S. Nat. Mus. No. 72275. From Koh Tao, Gulf of Siam. a, top of head; b, profile; c, underside of head________- 18 8. Leiolopisma eunice. Type. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 72180. From Bang Suk, near Pak Jong, Siam. a, top of head; 6, profile view; c¢, UNGeLSide Or Mea de eee eo ee ee RE a ee 18 4, Leiolopisma pranensis. Type. U.S. Nat. Mus. No. 75591. From Pran, Peninsular Siam. @, top of head; b, profile view; c, underside of head; d; dorsal scales at mid-body__ 2 =!) = ee 19 5. Leiolopisma kohtaoensis. Type. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 72284. From Koh Tao, Guif of Siam. a, top of head; 0b, profile view; c, under- GSU (Shs Op Seed SPA Le eS aT hc aa paca cee nC a 21 6. Calliophis hughi. Type. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 72307. From Koh Tao, Gulf of Siam. a, top of head; b, profile view; c, underside (Oy High OL SET 0 ae a APN EE Ee IS EE a Ss 37 XII PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 77 A MoNoGRAPH OF THH FORAMINIFERAL FAMILY POLYMOBRPHINIDAR RECENT AND FOSSIL By Joseph A. Cushman and Yoshiaki Ozawa Page 1. Idealized basal views of various genera of the Polymorphinidae to show the arrangement of chambers. a, Hoguttulina (spiral). 0, Quadrulina (tetraloculine). d, Paleopolymorphina (spiral-biserial). e, e', Guitulina; e, clockwise quinqueloculine; e’, contraclockwise quingueloculine. f, f’, Globulina; f, microspheric form; f’, megalo- spheric form. g, Pyrulina (quinqueloculine-biserial). h, Glandu- lina (biserial-uniserial). 4, Pseudopolymorphina (quinqueloculine- biserial). j, k, Sigmomorphina, Sigmoidella (sigmoidal) ; j, clock- wise; k, contraclockwise; tl, Polymorphina (biserial) __-__-___-_--~- 10 2. Development and relationships of the genera of the Polymorphinidae. 1,2. Hoguttulina. 3. Quadrulina. 4. Paleopolymorphina. 5. Gut- tulina. 6,7. Sigmoidella. 8. Sigmomorphinae. 9. Polymorphina. 10,11. Pseudopolymorphina. 12. Globulina. 13. Pyrulina. 14. CEU eT 1 i os PN RIO ah UL 14 A REVISION OF THE NoRTH AMERICAN SPECIES oF [CHNEUMON-FLIES OF THE GENUS ODONTOMERUS By R. A. Cushman 1-4, Details of Odoniomerus. i. Head of: a, vicinus; 6b, mellipes; ec, canadensis. 2, Hind tarsus of female of: a, mellipes; b, tibialis; Cc, canadensis. 38, Base of flagellum of: mellipes, a, female, 6, male; tibialis, c, female, d, male; e, canadensis, female. 4, Dorsal face of propodeum of: a, canadensis; 6, vicinus________--_-_____- 4 THE Taxonomy AND Host RELATIONSHIPS OF THE Briine Lich OF THE GENERA DENNYUS AND HUREUM, INCLUDING THE DESCRIP- TIONS OF A NEw GENUS, SUBGENUS, AND Four NEw SpPeEcixs By H. H. Ewing 1. Dennyus (Dennyus) richmondi, new species. Dorsal view of head and | VAC HA OY Gee lo. quer GI 0 gos settee en SUAS SEP UA COR ang CO Pe OY oe + 2. Dennyus (Dennyus) australis, new species. Dorsal view of head and TOT OETA O TASC OO ENA aU Rep a, a 6 3. Dennyus (Dennyus) dubius (Kellogg). Dorsal view of head and POLO CIO TARA BG GO ee age eR I SEA RUS UST UR q 4, Dennyus (Cienodennyus) spiniger, new species. Dorsal view of head AIG OV OCMOPAR,: (DOGO is ie ae ae 10 5. Hureum cimicoides Nitzsch. Dorsal view of head and prothorax, PRC og EEE SSRN LU 11 6. Hirundoecus americanus, new genus and new species. Dorsal view of head: ands prothoraxt) GO! 2 = aie es eee 13 %. The prosternal plates of: a, D.(Dennyus) richmondi, new species; b, D.(Dennyus) australis, new species; ec, D.(Dennyus) dubius (Kellogg) ; d, D.(Ctienodennyus) spiniger, new species; e, Hureum cimicoides (Nitzsch); f, Hirundoecus americanus, new species. (Al Enlarged: SO: titres ye Ven ee 14 1, 2. 10. 11, ILLUSTRATIONS A NEARLY COMPLETE SHELL OF THE HxTINCT TURTLE, TRACHEMYS ScULPTA By Charles W. Gilmore Carapace of Trachemys sculpta Hay. Cat. No. 11839, U.S.N.M. Ne ears lyse = skh Clie en te YSZ a a acl NS Plastron of Trachemys sculpta Hay. Cat. No. 11839, U.S.N.M. INGaymon eabiiralrven barat (SUZ ee ees ee On DINOSAURIAN REPTILES FROM THE Two MEDICINE FORMATION OF MoNnTANA By Charles W. Gilmore . Skull of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. Poste- rior view. One-third natural size. Bs. Pt. Proc., basipterygoid process, of the basisphenoid ; Hct., ectopterygoid ; Ha. oc., exoccipital ; L. T. F., lateral temporal fenestra; Oc., occipital condyle; P. oc., paraoccipital process; Pt., pterygoids; Qu., quadrate; S. oc., supra- COKE OBES eo a hel eile esi ee LACS RD Naa BN et is jeedayes © . Skull of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. Interior view. One-third natural size. Bs. Pt. Proc., basipterygoid processes; Hct., ectopterygoid; Hz. oc., exoccipital; L. T. F., lateral temporal fenestra; Ma#., maxillary; Nar. Vac., narial vacuity; O, orbit; Oc, occipital condyle; Pmz., premaxillary; Prv., prevomer ; Pt., pterygoids; Qu., quadrate; Quj., quadratojugal; Sq., squamosal ; EXO OXI XT exats: fOr°eranial Nervyess sas 0 ee Les ee ee . Right ramus of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. A, Inner view; B, superior view. Both one-third natural size. Art., Articular; C., coronoid; S., symphysical border____--_____-_-_ . Maxillary tooth of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S. N.M. Internal view. Two and one-half times natural size_________ . Crown of germ maxillary tooth of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. Internal view. Two and one-half times nat- FUL ES ND fate SH. ea ctr EN DSI Le LN Sh LL Tee a . Atlas and axis of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S. N.M. A, Lateral view; B, posterior view of axis, about one-third natural size. At., Atlas; Ag@., axis; Ist C. R., first cervical rib____ . Third cervical vertebra of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. Lateral view. One-third natural size__________ . Kifth ? cervical vertebra of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. Lateral view. One-third natural size__________ . Seventh ? cervical vertebra of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. A, Lateral view; B, anterior view. Both figures OneE-Chind page M ral: SU Cel ese Me A Se ake San SE NE Anterior dorsal vertebra of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. A, Lateral view; B, anterior view. Both figures ONDE WEG CO TN ae AW Webs t SSG Sa ee Re I Posterior dorsal vertebra, with coossified rib of Palaeoscincus rugo- sidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. Posterior view. About one-fifth SONEEDY ERT PSU tS A ae ia SA NS NINE Oe . Third caudal vertebra of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. A, Lateral view; B, anterior view. Both figures about one-third natural SWAG ee See ee eg Dat as YRC tree XT Page 3 4 10 10 12 18 13 14 15 16 18 XIV PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 Page 18. Median caudal vertebra of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. A, Lateral view; B, anterior view; Ch., chevron. Both figures about one-third natural size______________________ 19 14, Second ? left cervical rib of Palaeoscincus rugosidens. Type. No. 11868, U.S.N.M. Fe 49 x f S Bn esa Bog oo 5 10 20 BLACK FALLS. a aie mame p pe SSS D.. Pe ee Raat ‘ Be SCALE of MILES MAP SHOWING THE THREE UNITS OF NAVAJO NATIONAL MONUMENT U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 3 u. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM fe) J “SCALE of FEET GALLERY WALL te ; J 2 ft 53 To 1108) 109 5 a peda ds on 0) ; sobs wed 35 105 not ape = ry OSG 10 20 40 60 80 GROUND PLAN OF BETATAKIN RUIN PROCEEDINGs, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PE. 3 Utes rag ve i ie leet Ne ms oN U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 4 A. TRAIL SCENE IN SEGI CANYON IN AUGUST, 1908 B. APPROACHING BETATAKIN RUIN ON MARCH 27, 1917 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 5 A. BLANKETED WITH SNOW, CAMP WAS A DISMAL PLACE B. WAITING FOR WHATEVER THE COOK MIGHT PROVIDE U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 6 A. THE PRINCIPAL HOUSE GROUP BEFORE EXCAVATION, AS VIEWED FROM ROOM 75. ROOM 66 STANDS AT THE LOWER RIGHT B. ABOVE ROOMS 66 AND 117, IN THE RIGHT FOREGROUND, ONE NOTES THE SEEPAGE ZONE WHICH FORMERLY WATERED DIVERSE VEGETATION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 7 A. THE DOOR OF ROOM 6 AND, ON THE RIGHT MARGIN, THE CONVEX FOUNDA- TION OF ROOM 8 B. ROOMS 3-7 AND THE NEAR-BY RETAINING WALL, AS VIEWED FROM THE ROOF OF ROOM 20 ZL WOOY SAO YANHOD ILSVAHLNOS AHL 81 WOOY OL YOOd AHL YO4 NI YOOGQ WOASNNNM “IVOILVNSEIEO'd AHL ‘J G@WvVf AYVGQNOOAS V GAWYOY 310d TIVWS V “VY 8 °Id G “LHYV ‘ZZ “1OA ‘SONIGSS39008d WNASNW IWNOILVN 'S ‘n IZ WOOY NI 390vV1dSeyly GAMOdVHS GNW 3Asgo0qaV AO HOLVd HSAY4 V S| dOL BSHL GNV 99 WOOY AO YHOOG AYOLS-LSYIA Sl] LV “NIMVLVLEG NI TVIVM GaATILLVYM GayMo01g AITILYVd AHL NMOHS S| 3YSH '£ GAAYMASSEYd LSAG AHL S1SVOG LL WOOYU "PY 6°Id SG “LuV “ZZ 1OA ‘SONIGSa5908d WNAaSnNW TIWNOILVN 'S “NM gow YOHONY ANV SYHIVdaY T1IVM NI S3lvid ISaLS V ‘NVNMYOM SHL 3A08y ‘SONI S3SM Y¥OsA dM GASSVd ANV 3AdO1S SNIVL AHL -MOHS ‘LSHMHLNOS SHL WOYA “02 NOOY ‘F WOYA GASDVATVS AYSAM SANOLS ONIGIINEG VY Ol “Id & “LHW ‘ZL “1OA ‘SONIGSS390ud WNASNW IWNOILVN S “nN U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 11 A. THE NORTHEAST WALL OF COURT 24, AT THE LEFT, BEFORE RESTORATION B. TWO-STORY ROOM 66 AND NEAR-BY BUILDINGS STAND AT THE EXTREME RIGHT U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 12 A. THE WATTLED NORTHEAST WALL OF COURT 28, FROM THE WEST B. NAVAJO INDIAN REPAIRING THE WATTLED WALL OF COURT 24 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 13 A. WILLOWS, CEDAR BARK, AND SAND MADE A NEW ROOF FOR ROOM 31 B. ROOM 44, FROM THE WEST; BEYOND, THE LOWER SEEPAGE ZONE AND TRAIL HAsSIID AHL NI GaxM93ed ‘TIANNVHD V NI Ly WOOY WOYS*NSMVL MSIA GaqN3A Gy LYNOD AO T1IVM LSVAHLYON SHL F “87 NOOY AO TIVM HLNOS AHL ONIXIVdSY “PV Vl “Id G “LYV ‘ZZ “1OA ‘SONIGSS90Yd WNASNW IVNOILVN 'S “Nn WV lL AAVS 1G WOOY NI GNVLS -SSOUD NIVW SHL AAOSY ANOZ AOVdssS NAW OML ‘SJONVLSIG AIGGIW AHL NI ‘GZ G3ayuvgd AHL NO G31ILLEAS NOOS GNVS NMO1G ‘& WOOY WOes ‘YSLSN1ID 3SNOH IWYLNAD SHL ‘V Gl dd GS “LYV “ZZ “1OA ‘SONIGSE3908d 5 WNS3SnNW IWNOILVN S “Nn U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 16 A. THE NORTHWEST WALL OF ROOMS 64-65 (WHICH LATER COLLAPSED) WITH BEAM HOLES MARKING THE FLOOR LEVEL OF THE SECOND-STORY CHAMBER B. MANY BETATAKIN WALLS WERE ERECTED UPON SUCH SHALLOW, PECKED STEPS AS THESE, AT THE SOUTHEAST END OF ROOMS 101-102 79 GNV 09 SNOOY 4O NOILONYISNODaY 09 ANY LG SWOOY 4O SALIS ONIdOIS 3HL livMy SLSSY TIVM MSN ‘LHSIM S3HL LY ‘F BAOCsyY GNVIS 6G WOOY AGNV 8g WHOsLWId “VY ¢ See Zt “Id G “LUV ‘ZL “1OA ‘SONIGSS3900UNd WNASNW TIWNOILVN 'S “Nn 09 GNV ‘24g ‘9G SWOOY 09 WOOY AO 4O STIVM dayOLSSY ATIVILYVd FHL “g TAVM LSVAHLYON SHL DNILONMYLSNOOSY -¥ 81 Id G ‘LuV ‘ZZ “1OA ‘SONIGESRD5D04d WN3SSNW TIWNOILVN 'S U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 19 A. THE UPPER, EAST HOUSE GROUP BEFORE EXCAVATION. ROOM 78 SHOWS PROMINENTLY IN THE MIDDLE DISTANCE B. ROOMS 78-81, AFTER RESTORATION. IN THE RIGHT FOREGROUND, THE REPAIRED WEST WALL OF ROOMS 76-77 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 20 A. HOUSES OF THE NORTHEAST GROUP HAD BEEN DEMOLISHED BY HUGE BLOCKS OF FALLEN SANDSTONE AS THIS VIEW, FROM ROOM 81, PLAINLY SHOWS B. IN- THE FOREGROUND, THE RESTORED WALK FRONTING ROOMS 78-81. AT THE LOWER LEFT, THE SIDE WALLS OF ROOMS 76-77 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 21 A. MASSIVE SANDSTONE SLABS HAD CRUSHED THE ROOF OF ROOM 79 B. THE EAST RETAINING WALL LOOKS DOWN UPON: ROOMS 82-85 SONITISAMG YAHLO AO AONA 9L-GL SWOOY AO -S8Yd YAWYOY AHL FONAGIAA SaAdO1S Gaevg AYUNOSVW LSAM NaxMOYg AHL ‘GNOAAg ‘CNV S3SHHL NO Sda1lS GNV SHAOOYD GseMosad “F c8 WOOY 34AO T1IVM 1SV4 GSTILLVM AHL WV c2 “1d G LYV ‘LL “IOA ‘SONIGSES9008d WNASNW TNOILVN °S “M1 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 23 A. WALLS AND MEALING BINS OF ROOM 117, RESTORED; ABOVE, THE PRIN- CIPAL CROSS-CAVE TRAIL B. THE PLASTERED NORTH SHELF AND CORNER BENCH IN ROOM 55, VIEWED FROM THE EAST €8 LUNOD MVHL GAaddaLS G10 AHL NO WOYN4 3dO1S 3HL dM Ga99vuq svM anNWw SSI EES GINO el ee EI ee aye Rae Ao SHAR Si EG IES USP OI THEE Som: WOOYM GEeYOLSSY ‘GNNOYNSaYO4 AHL NI ‘Y ————$= ve “Id G “LYV “LZ “1OA ‘SONIGSS90u8d WnSsnW IVNOILVYN 'S “nN (SSV19N0G “3 ‘VW “Yd AO ASALYHNOD Aa ‘HdVHYDOLOHd 9261) “L437 YSMOT AHL LV ‘ZI11 WOOY GayOLSSY ‘“Na3gMLa9qg 3d0O1S 3HL GNV SSOVYeAL 3ALVYVdaS OML GAIdNDDO dNOUD ASNOH Nesalsvy aH L GZ 1d G “LYV ‘ZL “1OA ‘SONIGSS508d WNaSnNW IVNOILVN ‘S 'N 44179 3HL NI Gaxo3d 39037 AYaTIVS 3H1 OL ssao0V Sda1S SSOvIdsy YaGaVT Vv ‘Ol LYNOD NI ‘7 GSaqIAONd ATHAWHO4 310d YSGNa1S Vv ‘¥ 9¢ “Id G “LYV ‘ZL “1OA ‘SONIGSES9D08d WNASNW IVNOILVN “S “N pe LYNOD AO YHANYOD €lL LYNOD AO YSANYHOD HLYON HLYON SHL LV SdaeLS ANOLS GNV YSqCO0V] & BHL NI SGNVLS MON &VdsD GAHOLON V PF Z@ 1d G LYV ZL “1OA ‘SONIGSS3908d : WNASNW “IWNOILVN °S ‘nN ASDIAAYD YVv4 SYNdS HSINVdS GNV SHAO1SD YOs WIHM SHL NI ‘€-| SNOOY OL 6€ WOOY AO T1VM S.HOOD V ADINGN] TIM SHYsaYOdxy ASIM ‘— HLNOS AHL SSOHNDY ‘82 LYNOD WOYA MFIA °F 82 “Id G “LYV ‘ZZ “1OA ‘SDONIGSE90u8d WnNAaSnNW IWNOILVYN ‘°S “Nn 06 WOOY 06-68 SWOOY dO GNA HLYON AHL WOU ‘68-98 SNOON ‘¢ BFAOC8yY 4AsITD AHL NO SHYHNSIA GALNIVd “V 62 “1d G&G “LHW “ZL “1OA ‘SONIGSS3900uNd WNASNW IVNOILVN “S “NM SSV715NO0QG “4 -V Yq AO ASALYNOD Ad ‘Hd VHYDOLOHd 9261) “AONVdNDDO NVWAH YOsA MOTIVHS COOL ‘SAVD LNAIdIDN] NV SI NIMViVlLaq WOYA NOANVD AHL SSOUdDY 0O€ “Id G “LHV ‘ZZ “1OA ‘SONIGSRAD08d WONASNW IWNOILVN °S “Nn r U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 31 METATE OR MEALING STONE MANOS, OR HAND STONES, USED ON METATES FOR DESCRIPTION SEE TEXT U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 32 AXES, MAULS, AND SMOOTHING STONES FOR DESCRIPTION SEE TEXT. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 33 DRILLED OAK BOARD AND BILLETS OF COTTONWOOD FOR DESCRIPTION SEE PAGE 000. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 34 COTTONWOOD STAVES, OAK DIGGING STICKS, AND WILLOW POTRESTS FOR DESCRIPTION SEE TEXT. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 35 i MISCELLANEOUS ARTIFACTS OF WOOD FOR DESCRIPTION SEE TEXT. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77 ART.5 PL. 36 DRILL, WOODEN AWLS, SPINDLE SHAFTS, AND WHORLS FOR DESCRIPTION SEE TEXT U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS VOL. 77 ART.5 PL. 37 TOOTHED IMPLEMENTS AND CORD-WRAPPED STICKS FOR DESCRIPTION SEE TEXT. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 38 BONE AWLS AND SCRAPERS FOR DESCRIPTION SEE TEXT U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS VOL. 77, ART.5 PL. 39 BRUSHES, CORD, AND COTTON RAGS FOR DESCRIPTION SEE TEXT. ‘LXaL SSeS NOILdIM9SSq YOd4 (SM3IA WOLLOG GNV dOL ‘NAWIOSdS ANVS AHL MOHS @ GNV 7) SIVONVS GATIIML OP Id G LYV ‘LL 1OA ‘SONIGSS908d WNASNW IVNOILVN “SN “Ad § LUV ‘ZL 104 ‘SONIGSESI900¥Nd LXAL AaS NOILd|IYOSaHa YO STIVONVS MYOMYAMOIM WnasnW TIWNOILVN 'S “NM *LXAL AAS NOILdIMOoSaaG HOA SLAMSVd WHA, LE iii i masts cy Id G LYV LL “1OA ‘SONIGSARAD08d WnNaSnNW IWNOILVYN SN ‘IXSL ABS NOILdIMOSSd YO4 SLAMSVG GATIIML vy Ad G LYvV ‘LL 1OA ‘SONIGSES908%d WNASNW IWNOILVN “S “nN U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 44 CRADLE—FRONT VIEW FOR DESCRIPTION SEE PAGE 65. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77 ART.5 PL. 45 CRADLE—BACK VIEW FOR DESCRIPTION SEE PAGE 66. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 5 PL. 46 EARTHENWARE VESSELS FOR DESCRIPTION SEE TEXT. A MONOGRAPH OF THE FORAMINIFERAL FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE, RECENT AND FOSSIL By Josrpu A. Cusuman, of Sharon, Massachusetts and Yosuiakr Ozawa,* of the Imperial Uniwersity of Tokyo INTRODUCTION The Polymorphinidae, like many other families and groups of Foraminifera, are in a state of confusion that makes it difficult to identify species on account of the great number of forms figured under the same name. Many names have also been given to the same species. Brady, Parker, and Jones, in 1870, reviewed the subject in their work, A Monograph of the Genus Polymorphina, and Jones and Chapman later dealt at some length with the fistulose forms. We finished, two years ago, a preliminary study of the family intro- ducing a new classification of the group, based on the relationships as worked out in a joint study of many species. Some of the results of this study have been published: An Outline of a Revision of the Poly- morphinidae,! Some Species of Fossil and Recent Polymorphinidae Found in Japan, and A Revision of Polymorphinidae.’ Since the completion of the first studies we have both spent some time in Europe studying collections and collecting and preparing material, the results of which are embodied in the present paper after a further six months’ study together of the material brought together in our combined collections. We found that the published figures for the most part were not accurate enough in their details to be reliable in many cases, and except for a study of the available type specimens the study of our own abundant material has been the main source of our conclusions. Nevertheless the type figure and description have been studied in all * While this paper was in press, notice of the death of Doctor Ozawa in Tokyo on December 29, 1929, was received. The correction of proof is therefore entirely mine, with the exception of some few notes I received from Doctor Ozawa after his return to Japan, where he again went over the duplicate manuscript. It is to be regretted that he was not able also to examine the proofs, for his keen mind would undoubtedly have found errors that I have probably overlooked. Through the characteristic generosity of Doctor Ozawa, my collection at Sharon was made the depository of nearly all the types and slides of all the species and varieties from the various localities. This collection, which will eventually find its way to the U. S. National Museum, is therefore exceptionally complete for this family, which occupies considerably more than a thousand slides and many thousands of specimens.— JosErH A. CUSHMAN. 1 Contr. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 4, 1928, pp. 13-21, pl. 2. 2 Jap. Journ. Geol. Geogr., vol. 6, 1929, pp. 63-83, pls. 13-17. 92709—30—1 1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 cases, usually with a study of topotype material at the same time. We have been exceptionally fortunate in having abundant material from nearly all the important type localities of Europe and elsewhere, so that the species that we have actually seen from their type localities. represent a large part of the total number. Many persons and insti- tutions have supplied us with material, and al! can not be thanked individually. We have ourselves collected at many of the type locali- ties. In Vienna, for example, Ozawa washed down more than a quarter of a ton of clays from the type localities of Baden and Nuss- dorf, with the result that we have had for study beautiful suites of specimens of species from these important localities. Of the localities of England, France, Italy, Spain, Belgium, Holland, Germany, Aus- tria, Hungary, etc., we have also had abundant material. From Japan, Australia, Fiji, New Guinea, etc., material has been abun- dantly supplied as well as from northern South Amer'ca, Trinidad, Mexico, and the United States. Altogether we have studied material probably from more than a thousand localities, and the number of mounted specimens totals many thousands. We have had for study therefore an exceptional collection, and the results of our study, while not in any sense final, wil! nevertheless have the satisfaction of being based on abundant material from type localities. DISTRIBUTION In the present work it has been found useless to try to check up the distribution of species from the published records. So many of the species have been wrongly used and so many of the records are unac- companied by figures that the resulting confusion can only be straightened out by an actual study of the existing collections on which these records were based. Such a study at this time is impossible. For these reasons we have used the specimens available to us and the notes made in studies of European collections. Even with the many thousands of mounted specimens of Poly- morphinidae that we have, it will be found that the ranges both geographically and geologically are probably not entirely correct for some of the species. The distribution of species as we have identified them was plotted in colors on a world map so that the distribution of each species as we have identified it might be quickly seen. The maps show one thing in particular that was already apparent, from our study of many specimens; that is, that smooth, rather primi- tive species such as Globulina gibba and Guttulina problema have a very long geologic history and are widely distributed. On the other hand, a similar study of the maps of the species of Polymorphina shows that. they are each restricted to narrow limits both in present oceans and in the fossil series. In the latter, we are dealing with species of a genus that is specialized and has developed most of its species in the late ant.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—_CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 3 Tertiary and in the present seas. Similarly, it will be found that some of the species of various genera that are highly ornamented or have very characteristic shapes do not range widely, while smooth forms of the same genera for the most part have very much greater ranges. We have recognized this fact, and it is possible in our material to indicate several groups under a single specific name with more restricted ranges, but it was found very difficult to show these dif- ferences so that they would be really of use to the worker in the group. Some of these forms undoubtedly overlap in their characters, yet those of given areas or formations may have minor characters which are distinctive when the specimens themselves are studied. With the smooth Polymorphinidae, especially in the more primitive species of Guitulina, the limits of variation are very difficult to defi- nitely fix, and young stages are also usually perplexing. Forms that seem distinct in two areas may have connecting forms which bridge the gaps, and all are placed together. It will probably be possible with intensive work on restricted areas to definitely fix the limits of variation in different species much more clearly than can be done at the present time. Microspheric and megalospheric forms, even in the same area or formation, are often considerably different in certain characters, and when the full characters of the two forms are known in each species the distribution will probably be restricted. Some distributions as shown by well-defined species are very in- teresting. Some of these are already well known from other groups of the foraminifera. There are, of course, many areas in which there have developed specialized species, very restricted in their distribution and characterizing that particular area or horizon. Many such examples will be found in the species given here, and a few only need be mentioned: Gutiulina regina with a restricted Australian-East Indian range, a very striking species difficult to mistake; Polymorphina advena, Oligocene of the Mint Spring marl of Mississippi; P. alleni of the Eocene of England; P. burdigalensis, Miocene of Europe; P. compianata, Miocene of Nussdorf; P. cushmani, lower Eocene, Midway of Texas; P. frondea, lower Oligocene, Gulf Coastal Plain of the United States; P. frondiformis, Pliocene of Sutton, England; P. longistriata, lower Eocene, Thanet beds of Pegwell Bay, England ; P. parallela, Pliocene of St. Erth, England; P. subrhombica, Eocene of New Jersey. These are well-characterized species, and their absence in other regions is due to restricted distribution and not to being overlooked. Some interesting relationships of rather remote regions have been noted. That the lower Oligocene of the Gulf Coastal Plain and the Miocene and living faunas of the Australian region are closely related has been often mentioned. The Plio- cene and Recent faunas of the region of Japan and southern 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 California are closely: related, and a number of species are common to the two areas both fossil and Recent: Guitulina orienialis, Poly- morphina charlottensis, and others. The Miocene of the Florida region and that of central Europe have certain species in common. The Eocene of the Paris Basin and allied areas are related to that similar age in America and the Miocene of Australia. The Torto- nian Miocene of central Europe is related to the Pliocene of Italy and to the Recent fauna of the Mediterranean. Some of the Oligocene species of Germany are very close to or identical with those of the Cooper marl, upper Eocene of South Carolina, but not equally related to those of the Jackson of the Gulf Region. An interesting relation is that shown between the living fauna of the Carolina coast and that of the warm area of the Philippines, for example, not in shallow-water forms but in those of a hundred fathoms or more. The fossil fauna of Trinidad has some very peculiar relationships with those of other regions. Some of the species of the Trinidad Eocene are much like those now living in the Philippine region, and in many respects the fauna has an Indo-Pacific relationship. The Cretaceous faunas of Europe and America, especially of Mexico and the United States, have much in common. Yet each area in addition to species in common has certain specialized species of its own. One of the interesting facts in regard to distribution brought out in our studies is the peculiar distribution of Globulina. While the genus was widely distributed in the Cretaceous and early Tertiary, it is much restricted in later times and in the present oceans. Globulina gibba, for example, while it is extremely common through the Miocene, becomes rare in the Pliocene and in the present oceans, not occurring at all in the Pacific and restricted to the Mediterranean and the Eastern Atlantic. CLOCKWISE OR CONTRACLOCKWISE ARRANGEMENT OF CHAMBERS In most of the Polymorphinidae the chambers are arranged, at least in the early stages, in a spiral, quinqueloculine or sigmoid series. In each of these series there are two different plans of arrangement; those are clockwise and contraclockwise. In the present paper a clockwise or contraclockwise arrangement of chambers is used in the sense of the direction in which each succeeding chamber is added when a specimen is viewed from the base. In a spiral spe- cies there is no difficulty in determining the direction of the spiral series. In those species having either a quinqueloculine or sigmoid arrangement of the chambers they are separated into two series for purposes of convenience. Therefore in this case the term clock- wise or contraclockwise series is based on the direction of the arrange- art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE-—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 5 ment of chambers in each series. Accordingly if a species with either a quinqueloculine or sigmoid series of chambers has each suc- ceeding chamber added in a clockwise direction, each of the two series of chambers is directed contraclockwisely, as is shown by the figure. The question is whether or not the direction of the spiral, quin- queloculine or sigmoid arrangement is fixed in the species. As far as we have examined a great number of specimens of various species, it is fixed in some species, especially those species of more advanced genera, such as Sigmomorphina, Sigmoidella, and Polymorphina. FISTULOSE OUTGROWTHS One of the most interesting peculiarities of the Polymorphinidae is the development of irregular fistulose outgrowths, generally covering the upper part of the test and often extending over the whole surface. It is interesting to note that the fistulose tubes are often rugose, as 1s the wall of an extra small chamber. The fistulose forms have been treated by some writers as constituting collectively a distinct species or even generic group. Raphanulina, Apiopterina, and Aulostomella are generic names given to fistulose forms. Brady, Parker, and Jones, in their monograph of the genus Polymorphina, unite all fistulose forms and put them in Polymorphina orbignw (Zborzewski), but much later H. B. Brady found that almost all the common species of the Polymorphinidae have fistulose varieties, and expressed the opinion that it appears more natural to assign fistulose modifications to their respective types, and their true position is that of individuals of monstrous development. We are of the same opinion as Brady on these problems, and in the present paper fistulose forms are not separated even as a variety. The trouble is with the identification of the fistulose specimens, because important characters of the species are often concealed beneath the fistulose outgrowths. Many authors have figured and named fistulose forms, and in most cases the fistulose part is carefully drawn, while the body of the test itself is neglected. Therefore it is very difficult to determine to what species the figured fistulose form is related. For example, Raphanulina humboldti has well-developed fistulose outgrowths, but it is impossible to determine the arrangement of chambers. Therefore we are compelled to abandon it as a species, although it is described as early as 1834. Many varietal and specific names given to the fistulose forms are omitted in the present paper because of the difficulty in specifically determining them. ATTACHED FORMS Attached forms are not common in the family. Most attached forms are compressed, and the main body of the test resembles some 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 7 particular species. However, in this paper, attached forms are | separated from the others. ORNAMENTATION OF WALL Many species in the family have ornamented varieties. Orna- mented forms are separated as a variety of smooth forms having the same characters. When an ornamented form is described earlier than a smooth form, the smooth form is taken as a variety. PHYLOGENETIC RELATION OF THE GENERA OF THE POLY MORPHINIDAE The closeness of the relationship between the Polymorphinidae and the Lagenidae is very marked. ‘The wall is similar and especially the terminal radiate aperture. However, the arrangement of chambers is very different from anything seen in the Lagenidae. It is spiral, triloculine, quinqueloculine, or sigmoidal, and in some advanced groups it becomes biserial or uniserial. The most important problem to make clear is how the spiral arrangement of chambers is derived and what the relationship is between various genera with different arrangements of chambers. That is the phylogenetic problem of the Polymorphinidae. In order to study the phylogenetic relations of various genera of the Polymorphinidae, the detailed examination of the arrangement of chambers of any species is of utmost importance as in other groups of the foraminifera. Excepting d’Orbigny, who gives end views of his earliest species of the family in his Tableaux Methodique, no one has figured end views showing an arrangement of chambers of any species of the Polymorphinidae. This circumstance caused great difficulties in identification. Some authors considered that the arrangement of chambers of Guttulina is irregular or triserial, but we have examined very many species of Guitulhna and have not seen a single specimen having either an uregular or triserial arrangement of chambers. We are convinced that the arrangement of chambers in the Polymorphinidae is very regular and that the family can be divided into several genera accord- ing to the various arrangements of chambers as in other families of Foraminifera. In order to discuss the relationships of various arrangements of chambers, it is of interest to study some typical species of various eroups according to their geologic distribution. The geologically oldest species of the Polymorphinidae hitherto recorded are Polymor- phina avia and P. abavia, both described by Ehrenberg from the Ordovician of the neighborhood of Leningrad. ‘These two species are ageregations of glauconite, and there are some doubts about their : a organic origin. rf art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA re Chapman described two species of Polymorphina, P. seminis, and P. archaica from the Middle Devonian of Eifel in Germany. They resemble Globulina in their general outline. From the phylogenetic consideration of the family, we doubt if they be true Globulina. No other authors have noted the occurrence of the Polymorphinidae in the Paleozoic rocks. In the Mesozoic the Polymorphinidae became gradually frequent although most Triassic species are doubtful. Gutiulina (?) rarbliana, described by Giimbel from the Upper Triassic of Austria, judged from the figure, surely belongs to the Polymorphinidae. It resembles Gutiulina, but the chambers seem to be arranged in a spiral series, as in many of the more primitive Jurassic species. With the beginning of the Jurassic the Polymorphinidae are of rather frequent occurrence, and more than 50 species are recorded from various Jurassic deposits in Kurope. Some of them are identified with Tertiary or Recent species, such as P. burdigalensis, P. compressa etc., but most of them are known only from the Jurassic. Terquem described most of the Jurassic species from the Oolite and the Lias in France. These Jurassic species are very important for a study of the earlier forms of the Polymorphinidae and its relationships with the Lagenidae. ‘Terquem’s figures are probably not drawn well, and no end view showing the arrangement of chambers is given. Ozawa tried to examine Terquem’s original specimens in Paris, but it was almost impossible because they are not in good order. Therefore the following discussion of the arrangement of chambers of Jurassic species is according to Terquem’s figures with the aid obtained from a study of our Jurassic specimens found in England. Among Terquem’s species, Polymorphina bilocularis is a two- chambered fusiform species and is very similar to Vaginulina, but the second chamber more or less deviates from the coiled position of Vaginulina, and is in a spiral position. Schwager’s Globulina secale (1865), in its external appearance, is almost identical with P. bilocularis (1864), but it has numerous cham- bers, most of which are entirely embraced by the last two chambers and are not visible from the exterior. From Schwager’s description and figures alone it is almost impossible to determine whether or not the species really belongs to the Polymorphinidae. Polymorphina intorta Terquem, P. nitidiuscula Terquem, and P. obliqua Terquem, judging from their figures, may represent inter- mediate stages between coiled Vaginulina and spiral Polymorphini- dae. Their successive chambers are added in planes less than 90° apart from one another. P. sacculus Terquem is a rather inter- esting species, having three chambers, arranged evidently in a spiral series. Terquem’s species Polymorphina triloba, P. breoni, P. poly- gona, P. ovula, and P. avena have more than two chambers arranged § PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 in a spiral series, and each succeeding chamber is removed very much farther from the base. Among them, P. polygona is the most inter- esting, and Terquem put several forms with very different appear- ances in this species, some three chambered and compressed, the others with an early stage similar to P. sacculus. We have a specimen from the Kimmeridge clay in England which is very similar to Terquem’s first and second figures of P. polygona, and we have identified it with Terquem’s species; and it is described in the present paper. In a certain position in side view the specimen is very much like an elongated Guttulina, but the chambers are arranged in a spiral series instead of a quinqueloculine one. Terquem’s species Polymorphina distincta, P. amygdala, and P. pyriformis are very similar to P. polygona in their arrangement of chambers. From such spiral species are derived elongated forms such as P. mutabilis (ummutabilis) Schwager, P. pyriformis Terquem, P. puprformis Terquem, P. ovigera Terquem, P. quadrata Terquem, and P. distincta Terquem. In these species chambers are arranged in a spiral, and each succeeding chamber is removed much farther from the base, giving to the test an appearance of having a somewhat uniserial or biserial arrangement of chambers. In such species as Polymorphina cruciata Terquem, P. lagenalis Terquem, and probably P. squammata Terquem, and P. angustata Terquem, the chambers are added in planes 90° apart from one another, and accordingly they are tetraserial. P. irregularis Ter- quem may represent an intermediate form between such tetraserial forms and the spiral species above referred to. Two such tetraserial forms are reported by Chapman from the Lower Greensand in England (Littleton, Bargate Bed of Surrey). They are Polymor- phina rhabdogonioides and P. frondicularioides, both of which are figured on Plate 1 of this paper. Chapman added in the description that he thinks that they may represent a new genus or subgenus. Polymorphina imbricata Terquem is a cylindrical form with cham- bers seemingly arranged in a biserial series, but we doubt if it is a truly biserial species. One of the most important groups among the Jurassic Polymor- phinidae is that having globular or fusiform species with the sutures not depressed and chambers arranged in a nearly triserial spiral series. In this group are included Polymorphina hassica Strickland, P. fontinensis Terquem, Globulina laevis Schwager, Guttulina similis Terquem and Berthelin, and several others. The globular species such as P. fontinensis and Guttulina similis are few chambered forms, and in their general outline they are very similar to Cretaceous and Tertiary Globulinas such as Globulina lacrima and G. gibba. But if we examine in detail figures of Jurassic globular forms, we can easily art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—_CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 9 recognize the striking difference in arrangement of chambers between Jurassic globular Polymorphinidae and Cretaceous and Tertiary Globulina. For example, we may note Globulina laevis Schwager from the Lower Oxfordian ? and Polymorphina gibbosa Terquem from the Fuller’s Earth. They are oval forms, having a few chambers which are arranged in a quite different series from the arrangement of chambers in Globulina gibba. In both species each succeeding chamber apparently becomes smaller and smaller, and the chambers are arranged in a spiral series. Such globular, spiral forms are evidently derived from other primitive Jurassic spiral forms by having more overlapping and somewhat regularly triserial chambers. The fusiform P. liassica is also similar to species of Cretaceous and Tertiary fusiform Globulinas such as Globulina prisca and G. minuta in its general outline, and it is apparently impossible to separate them. However, it may be considered that there are probably some globular or fusiform Polymorphinidae in the Jurassic and Cretaceous derived directly from the primitive spiral group. There is only one species of the Polymorphinidae described from the Jurassic which may be placed under Guttulina with some doubt. That is an ovate, somewhat compressed Polymorphina pygmaea Schwager reported from the lower Oxfordian in Germany. It is quite different from any of the other hitherto known Jurassic species and somewhat resembles Guttulina lactea, but the chambers are arranged in a clockwise series. The biserial species appear also to be rare. Excepting for very doubtful P. imbricata, already noted, Polymorphina sinuata Terquem is the only species having a compressed test and biserial chambers. It evidently differs from more advanced biserial Pseudopolymorphina and Polymorphina which are derived from Guttulina and Sigmomorphina, respectively. It may be derived directly from some Jurassic spiral group. Some Cretaceous biserial species such as Polymorphina pleurostomelloides and P. gaultina are undoubtedly related to Jurassic biserial forms. There are some ambiguous species described from the Jurassic, such as P. annulata, P. oviformis, and P. septata, etc. They are — either doubtful Polymorphinidae or abnormal species. Spiral and tetraloculine Polymorphinidae seem to have disappeared in the Lower Cretaceous. We have a spiral species from the Gault in England which is new. The two tetraloculine species described by Chapman are also from England. These primitive Polymorphinidae are replaced by the more advanced Guttulina, which becomes rather common in both Lower and Upper Cretaceous, as do Pyrulina and Globulina as well. Guttulina having the elongate quinqueloculine arrangement of chambers may 3 Jahresh. Ver. vat. Nat. Wiirtt., vol. 21, 1865, pl. 7, fig. 7. 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 be taken as an original stock from which various Tertiary and Recent specialized genera having different arrangements of chambers arose. 90° 444° 444°£— £180° 480° FIGURE 1.—IDEALIZED BASAL VIEWS OF VARIOUS GENERA OF THE POLYMORPHINIDAE TO SHOW THE ARRANGEMENT OF CHAMBERS. @. EOGUTTULINA (SPIRAL). 6. QUADRULINA (TETRALOCULINE). d. PALEOPOLYMORPHINA (SPIRAL-BISERIAL). ¢, e’. GUTTULINA; €, CLOCKWISE QUINQUELOCULINE; ¢’, CONTRACLOCK WISE QUINQUELOCULINE. f,f’. GLOBULINA; f, MICROSPHERIC FORM; f’, MEGALOSPHERIC FORM. g. PYRULINA (QUINQUELOCULINE-BISERIAL). h. GLANDULINA (BISERIAL-UNISERIAL). i. PSEUDOPOLYMORPHINA (QUINQUELOCULINE-BISERIAL). j, k. SIGMOMORPHINA, SIGMOIDELLA (SIG- MOIDAL); j, CLOCKWISE; k, CONTRACLOCKWISE. 1. POLYMORPHINA (BISERIAL) Guttulina is characterized by a quinqueloculine arrangement of chambers, and each succeeding chamber is added upwardly, so that all apertures are directed toward one end. Its chambers are added in planes 144° apart from one another. ant.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA I1 Globulina has apparently triserial chambers. However, the actual arrangement is not triserial but somewhat quinqueloculine. The apparent triserial series of chambers has resulted from much over- lapping of the chambers as shown by the text figures. Pyrulina is an elongate or fusiform genus, in which the chambers are typically quinqueloculine in the early stage, later becoming biserial. As is already noted, it is very difficult to separate some Tertiary and Recent species of Globulina and Pyrulina from some Jurassic globu- lar or fusiform species because of their homeomorphy or parallel evolution. Pyrulina and Globulina are abundant in the Upper Cretaceous, Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene. In the Pliocene and Recent, they are of rather rare occurrence compared with other genera. Glandulina, as far as its genotype species Glandulina laevigata is concerned, is closely related to Pyrulina and should be included in the Polymorphinidae. The microspheric form of Glandulina laevigata has the early chambers invariably arranged in a biserial series, although in the later stage and also in the megalospheric form the septa are almost horizontal and parallel. In the Upper Cretaceous Pseudopolymorphina is introduced. It has a test with the early chambers arranged in a quinqueloculine series, while the later ones become biserial and the chambers are slichtly overlapping. Much more advanced genera such as Sigmomorphina, Sigmordella, and Polymorphina appear for the first time with the beginning of the Tertiary. Sigmoidina is a group having a quinqueloculine arrange- ment of chambers as in Guttulina, but each succeeding chamber extends down to the base and embraces the earlier ones, so that but a few chambers are visible from the exterior. Sigmoidella is undoubtedly related to Sigmoidina, and the chambers are involute, but they are arranged in an open sigmoid series. Sigmomorphina arose from Guttulina s. str. by developing elongated chambers added laterally in a sigmoid series. In some elongated Sigmomorphina each succeeding chamber in the later stage is removed much farther from the base. Sigmomorpha, the genctype species of which is S. sadoensis, is included in Guttulina, after the detailed exam- ination of numerous species, although some specimens show a more or less sigmoid arrangement of chambers. Polymorphina is the most advanced and specialized genus. The primitive forms have a sigmoid arrangement of chambers in their early stages, but the advanced species are entirely biserial, and each succeeding chamber is farther removed from the base. Dimorphina tuberosa seems to us to be a very doubtful species. Ozawa found that the original specimen has been lost, and the figures 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 of the species given by Fornasini are evidently a Marginulina.t Two species of Dimorphina described from the Vienna Basin by d’Orbigny. are also Marginulina with coiled chambers in their early stage. Therefore Dimorphina is a very uncertain genus. We have a few specimens having the early chambers arranged in a quinqueloculine or somewhat triloculine series, later becoming uniserial. Such forms correspond somewhat with the supposed Dimorphina, but provi- sionally we have included them in Pseudopolymorphina, from which they are undoubtedly derived by adding chambers in a_uniserial arrangement. Dimorphina compacta described by H. B. Brady, Parker, and Jones from the Crag of Sutton is an arcuate species resembling Marginulina. It does not belong to the Polymorphinidae. In the following is summarized the evolution of the Polymor- phinidae from the standpoint of the changes in arrangement of the chambers. 1. Some doubtful species of the Polymorphinidae are recorded from the Palaeozoic as far back as the Ordovician, but undisputed species belonging to the family are known only from the Triassic and later formations. 2. The Polymorphinidae are undoubtedly derived from some coiled form of the Lagenidae such as Marginulina or Vaginulina by intro- ducing a spiral arrangement of chambers. The family may be divided into the following groups based on the differences in the arrangement of the chambers: a. Chambers arranged in a spiral series added in planes less than 90° apart from one another, each succeeding chamber removed farther from the base. Koguttulina. This group is the most primitive among the Polymorphinidae and is known from the Triassic, Jurassic, and Lower Cretaceous of Europe. Provisionally we include in the group those forms having the spiral chambers added in planes more than 90° but less than 144° apart from one another. b. Chambers added in planes 90° apart from one another, that is, arranged in a tetraloculine series at least in the later stage________._____________ Quadrulina. This group is also known only from the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous of Europe. c. Chambers added in planes 120° apart from one another, that is, arranged in a spirally triloculine series. Chambers more or less overlapping, giving the test a globular or fusiform appearance. This group should be studied in detail. At present we include the group in Hoguttulina because of its spiral arrangement of chambers. d. Test with the early chambers spiral, later ones becoming biserial. Paleopolymorphina. e. Chambers more or less elongated, added in planes 144° apart from one another, that is, the chambers arranged in a quinqueloculine series. This group is subdivided into two divisions—one, Guttulina s. str. in which each succeeding chamber is removed farther from the base; the other, Sigmotdina, in which normally each succeeding chamber entirely embraces the earlier ones of its series. 4 Mem. Accad. Sei. Istit. Bologna, ser. 5, vol. 8, 1900, p. 35, fig. 39. ant,6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—-CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 13 A quinqueloculine arrangement of chambers seems to be rather stable in the family, as Guttulina is known from the Jurassic (?) and is rather common in the Cretaceous, especially in the Upper Cretaceous, and very abundant in various Tertiary deposits as well as Recent forms throughout the world. jf. Chambers, in the early stage of the microspheric form, arranged in a quin- queloculine series, later much overlapping, becoming apparently triserial, that is, chambers added in planes more than 144° and less than 180° apart from one EET GLOVE NE 5 yas eS EN So EU SN Globulina. g. Chambers invariably more or less elongated and embracing, arranged at first in a somewhat cuinqueloculine series, later becoming biserial_____ Pyrulina. h. Early chambers added in a quinqueloculine or biserial manner, later ones HECOMMMEMUMISe TTA wie ee ND ST) say Ny aay Sa Glandulina. This group is of rather rare occurrence in the older Tertiary, but common from the Miocene to the Recent. 2. Early chambers in a quinqueloculine series, later each succeeding chamber farther removed from the base, becoming biserial and in some cases uniserial. Pseudopolymorphina. The supposed Dimorphina is provisionally included in the present group. Pseudopolymorphina occurs in the Cretaceous, but not as commonly as in the Tertiary and Recent. j. Test at least in the adult with the chambers added in planes slightly less than 180° and more than 144° apart from one another, each succeeding chamker fariwernmnemoved fromthe pasela. sa... 200 ee le ee Sigmomorphina. This group is derived from Guttulina and is known only from the Tertiary and Recent. k. Chambers arranged as those of the preceding group, but each succeeding chamber embracing the earlier ones of its series. It is derived from Sigmoidina and is known from the Tertiary as well as Recent________________ Sigmoidella. l. Test with the early chambers arranged in a sigmoid series becoming biserial or entirely biserial from the start. This is the most advanced group among the Polymorphinidae and the chambers are added in planes 180° apart from one another. It is only known from the Tertiary and Recent. It must be kept in mind that even though it may be made up of an entirely biserial series of cham- bers the test has an appearance of a slightly sigmoid arrangement of the chambers continuing the shape of its ancestral development______________ Polymorphina. BRIEF NOTES ON VARIOUS GENERIC NAMES GIVEN TO THE POLY MORPHINIDAE There are not so many generic names given to various groups of the Polymorphinidae. De Montfort’s three genera, Arethusa, Misi- lus, and Cantharus, are so very rough and ill drawn that they are recognized with difficulty as belonging to the Polymorphinidae, not- withstanding evidence of their having been copied from Soldani’s plates. Arethusa is given to the figure copied from Soldani’s figure n n (misprinted L L by de Montfort) in Plate 107, and Misilus is con- sidered by Parker and Jones to be used for a globular fistulose form. While Cantharus (seventy-fifth genus) is a very inaccurate copy of Soldani (Testaceogr. pl. 107, fig. rr, misprinted p p by de Montfort), Parker and Jones compared Soldani’s figure with ‘Polymorphina lactea.’ 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 FIGURE 2.—DEVELOPMENT AND RELATIONSHIPS OF THE GENERA OF THE POLYMORPHINIDAE. 1, 2. EOGUTTULINA. 3. QUADRULINA. 4. PALEOPOLYMORPHINA. 5. GUTTULINA. 6, 7. SIGMOIDELLA. 8. SIGMOMORPHINA. 9. POLYMORPHINA. 10, 11. PSEUDOPOLYMORPHINA. 12. GLOBULINA. 13. PYRULINA. 14. GQLANDULINA art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 15 Arethusa was used by Fleming, Bowditch, and Thorpe, but the other two genera were abandoned for along time. At present no one uses any of Montfort’s three generic names because of their poor and rough illustrations. To the fistulose forms three different generic names were given. Those are Zborzewski’s Raphanulina and Apiopterina and Alth’s Aulostomella, which are included in Globulina, as far as the species under those genera are concerned. Psecadium is said to have been used by Reuss in manuscript, but it was used for the first time by Neugeboren in 1856. Its first species, P. simplex, is a Marginulina. Reuss’s Psecadium acuminatum given to Schlicht’s figures ® undoubtedly belongs to the Polymorphinidae and is considered by us as a synonym of Glandulina. Von Schlicht’s Rostrolina is considered by Brady, Parker, and Jones to be placed under Polymorphina, but as is already discussed by Silvestri, most of its species belong to the Ellipsoidinidae, and the first species of Rostrolina, according to A. Silvestri, is Hllipso- pleurostomella rostrata. The first species of Atractolina is named by Reuss Psecadium acuminatum. Pyrulinella is given to a fusiform group having a biserial stage, but its genotype species, Polymorphina lanceolata Reuss, very doubt- fully belongs to the Polymorphinidae, and it resembles Virgulina, and accordingly the name is dropped and the fusiform group having a biserial stage is placed under Pyrulina. Dimorphina is an ambiguous genus, although it has been used since d’Orbigny established it. D’Orbigny’s species, Dimorphina tuberosa, considered from Fornasini’s figure, is a Marginulina. Most species hitherto described under Dimorphina can be placed in other genera. SPECIES DESCRIBED AS BELONGING TO THE POLYMORPHINIDAE BUT NOT ACTUALLY POLYMORPHINIDAE There are many species which are described under the Polymor- phinidae but actually do not belong to the family. D’Orbigny’s Polymorphina acuia and P. digitalis, both described from the Vienna Basin, have been recognized by later authors as good species but they are Virgulina (original and paratype specimens examined by Ozawa). Reuss’s P. lanceolata is used often by later authors, but the first figured specimen appears to belong to Virgulina. Costa from 1856 to 1864 described fifteen species of the Polymor- phinidae. There are two under Polymorphina, seven under Guttulina, five under Globulina, and one under Aulostomella. His Polymor- phana is Virgulina, his Guttulina and Globulina are mostly Bulimina, 5 Foram. Septar. Pietzpuhl, 1870, pl. 25, figs. 1-10. 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 and one Aulostomella (A. dorsigera) appears to belong to the Polymor- phinidae. Ehrenberg described very many species of Polymorphina which were examined by us at the Museum of Natural History in Berlin, but most of them are mounted in Canada Balsam, and it is very diffi- cult to determine them. Ehrenberg placed under Polymorphina various biserial forms such as Virgulina and Bolivina, but there are none of his species which can be considered with confidence to belong - to the Polymorphinidae. Therefore we omitted his species. Miller’s three species of Polymorphina are apparently glauconitic nodules with cracks and not recognizable. Polymorphina complexa Sidebottom from the Kerimba Archipelago has the same arrangement of chambers as Gutiulina, but it has pores along the suture lines, and the aperture is quite different from any genus of the family. It may be a new genus belonging to some other family. Silvestri described one new species and two new varieties from the Pliocene at Coroncina. His Polymorphina pliocaena and its variety tricostata are evidently young specimens of Robulus. P. oblonga var. fistulosa is a fistulose Guttulina. There are still many doubtful species of the family which are not treated in the present paper: as, d’Orbigny’s Polymorphina irregu- laris (1839), P. rochefortiana, and many others. Genus EOGUTTULINA Cushman and Ozawa, new genus Test with the chambers arranged in a spiral series added in planes less than 90° apart from one another, each succeeding chamber removed farther from the base. Genotype.— Eoguttulina Anglica. EOGUTTULINA ANGLICA Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 1, figures 3 a—c Test elongated, more or less cylindrical, the greatest breadth in the upper half, obtuse at the base, acuminate toward the apertural end; chambers somewhat longer than broad, inflated, not much em- bracing, arranged in a spiral series, each succeeding chamber much farther removed from the base; sutures depressed, distinct; wall smooth; aperture radiate. Length 0.65 mm.; breadth 0.28 mm. Holotype.—(Cushman Coll. No. 10990.) From Cretaceous, Cam- bridge Greensand, Saxon Cement Works, Cambridge, England. In a certain position in side view, Hoguttulina anglica resembles some elongated forms of Guttulina. Each succeeding chamber is removed farther from the base, as in an elongated Guttulina, but the chambers are arranged in a spiral series and not quinqueloculine. art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—_CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 17 EOGUTTULINA LIASSICA (Strickland) Plate 1, figures 2 a—c 'Polymorphina liassica STRICKLAND, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. 2, 1846, p. 380, fig. 6 (in text). Polymorphina metensis TERQUEM, Quatr. Mem. Foram. Lias, 1864, p. 301, pl. 13, figs. 38a,o—TerrQuEM and BerrHEeLtiIn, Mém. Soc. Géol. France, sér. 2, vol. 10, pt. 3, 1875, p. 68, pl. 6, figs. la-j. Globulina laevis ScHwaGER, Wurttemberg, Naturwiss. Jahreshefte, vol. 21, 1865, p. 137, pl. 7, figs. 5, 25. Test elongated fusiform; chambers few, elongated, embracing, arranged in a triserially spiral series, each succeeding chamber removed farther from the base; sutures not depressed, distinct; wall smooth; aperture radiate. Length 0.35 mm.; breadth 0.15 mm. The present species was described by Strickland from the Liassic formation at Wainlode Cliff, Gloucestershire, England. We have a single specimen from the Liassic in Gloucestershire which is very similar to Strickland’s species in general aspect. The only difference is that our specimen is slightly more slender. In general outline it is very similar to the Cretaceous Globulina prisca, and it is almost impossible to separate them at a glance. The arrangement of chambers is seemingly different, that of the present species being spiral from the first chamber, while in that of Globulina prisca the first chambers are completely surrounded by the following ones. This may be a primitive form of an elongated Globulina, but for the present, we prefer to place it in Hoguttulina. Polymorphina metensis described by Terquem from the Middle Lias of Saint-Julien-les-Metz and also by him with Berthelin from the Lower Lias of d’Essey-les-Nancy seems to be very close to the present species, although its chambers are much more embracing. Globulina laevis from the Jurassic in Germany has a smail (0.3 mm. in length) fusiform, slightly compressed test, and in its general fea- tures it is very similar to the present species. Polymorphina oolithica from the Jurassic of Conflans and Fontenoy resembles the present species in general outline, but it is compressed. It may be different from the present species. Distribution.—All the records of this species are from the Jurassic. EOQGUTTULINA POLYGONA (Terquem) Plate 1, figures 1 a—c Polymorphina polygona TERQUEM, Quatr. Mém. Foram. Lias, 1864, p. 305, pl. 14, figs. 16-20, 21-41(?). Test somewhat compressed, elongated, acute toward the apertural end; chambers longer than wide, more or less triangularly compressed, arranged in a spiral series, each succeeding chamber farther removed 92709—30——2 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 77 from the base; sutures depressed, rather distinct; wall smooth; aperture radiate. Length 0.33 mm.; breadth 0.12 mm. We have one specimen from the Kimmeridge Clay in England which is very similar to Terquem’s figures of few chambered specimens. Terquem’s Figures 16-20 appear to be very similar and may be included in the present species, but as to the others, it is doubtful whether or not they are the same as the present species. Distribution.—Terquem reported it from the lower Lias at Beauveau and Auline in France. Genus QUADRULINA Cushman and Ozawa, new genus Test with the chambers added in planes 90° apart from one another, that is, arranged in a tetraloculine series, at least in the later stage. Genotype.—Quadrulina rhabdogomoides. QUADRULINA RHABDOGONIOIDES (Chapman) Plate 1, figures 4 a, b Polymorphina rhabdogonioides CHAPMAN, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. 50, 1894, p. 716, pl. 34, figs. 12 a, b. “Test subpyramidal and quadrifacial; bluntly pointed at the base and rapidly increasing in width toward the oral extremity. The test is smooth and consists of a Polymorphine series of chambers (slightly twisted as regards the commencement), the margins of which are deeply sunken, and the chambers themselves, numbering about five to seven on each face of the test, well inflated, especially in the case of the more or less central one visible on each face. The terminal chamber is large and embracing, subquadrangular in section, but not regular. The aperture is circular and with margin pectinate. ‘“‘Leneth one-seventieth inch (0.36 mm.); width diagonally one | one hundred and tenth inch (0.23 mm.). ‘““The foregoing species is probably a dimorphous form, combining Polymorphina with Rhabdogonium, and in the event of other varieties becoming known it may be found necessary to form a distinct genus for this type. ‘“Two specimens from the pebble beds, Littleton, Bargate Bed of Surrey (lower greensand).’’ We have no specimen of this species. The above is quoted directly from Chapman, and the figures are copied from his plate. From Chapman’s figures and description the present species seems to have the chambers arranged in a spiral series in the early stages, later becoming tetraserial. art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 19 QUADRULINA FRONDICULARIOIDES (Chapman) Plate 1, figures 5 a, b Polymorphina frondicularioides CHAPMAN, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. 50, 1894, p. 716, pl. 34, figs. 13 a, 6. “Test subpyriform, but somewhat compressed, tapering more acutely towards the aboral extremity; test rhomboidal in section, surface smooth, and swollen along the centre of each face. About six'chambers are visible on each surface, slightly inflated, and bordered by well marked sutures. The last chamber is pinched up towards the apex; but it embraces the whole width of the test, after the man- ner of Frondicularia and Lingulina. Aperture slightly elongate, with a stellate border. Length one sixty-sixth inch (0.37 mm.), width one one-hundred-and-thirtieth inch (0.19 mm.). “This form also appears to represent a new genus or subgenus, combining two hitherto distinct generic types. ‘‘One specimen from the pebble bed, Littleton.” We have no specimen of the present species. The above is quoted directly from Chapman, and the figures are copied from his plate. QUADRULINA LAGENALIS (Terquem) Plate 1, figures 6 a, } Polymorphina lagenalis TeERQUEM, Quatr. Mém. Foram. Lias, 1864, p. 301, pl. 13, figs. 39a, b. Terquem’s description of the species runs as follows: P. testa laevigata, elongata, ovata, rotundata, postice obtusa, antice succisa, lateribus aequali, loculis septem alanis, quatuor induplice cruce dispositis, uno in medio quadrangulari, apertura magna, long. 0.58 mm. Locality: Quenleu-les-Metz, lower Lias. This is a distinctive species having a tetraloculine arrangement of chambers and is here copied in order to show a Jurassic example of the genus. Terquem’s figures are not sufficient to show completely the tetraloc- uline arrangement of chambers. Genus GUTTULINA d‘Orbigny, 1826 GUTTULINA PROBLEMA d’Orbigry Plate 2, figures 1-6; Plate 3, figures 1 a—c Guttulina problema d’Orsieny, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, 1826, p. 266, No. 14.— CusHMAN and ScuHenck, Univ. Calif. Publ., Bull. Dept. Geol. Sci., vol. 17, 1928, p. 310, pl. 43, figs. 9-11. Polymorphina problema d’Orsieny, Modéles, 1826, No. 61.—H. B. Brapy, Rep. Voy. Challenger, Zoology, vol. 9, 1884, p. 568, pl. 72, fig. 20; pl. 73, fig. 1—Jonzs, Foram. Crag, pt. 3, 1896, p. 267, pl. 1, fig. 64; pl. 5, fig. 23; pl. 6, figs. 12 a, b Burrows and Ho.uanp, Proc. Geol. Assoc., 20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 vol. 15, 1897, p. 46, pl. 2, fig. 17—WeuuER, Geol. Surv. New Jersey,. Paleontology, vol. 4, 1907, p. 253, pl. 3, figs. 27, 28——CusHMan, Bull. 100, U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 4, 1921, p. 264, pl. 54, figs. 3, 4; U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, 1923, p. 33, pl. 5, fig. 6—-CHapman, New Zea- land Geol. Survey, Pal. Bull. No. 11, 1926, p. 68, pl. 5, figs. 10-12. Polymorphina (Guttulina) problema ANDREAE, Abhandl. Geol. Special-Karte: Elsass-Lothringen, vol. 2, pt. 3, 1884, p. 118, pl. 9, fig. 21 a-c. Polymorphina problema var. Hosius, Ver. Nat. Hist. Vereins Pr. Rheinlande, vol. 50, 1893, p. 108, pl. 2, figs. 2 a—c (not figs. 3-5). Guttulina communis d’OrBieny, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, 1826, p. 266, No. 15, pl. 12, figs. 1-4, Modéles No. 62.—Reuss in Geinitz, Grundr. Verstein., 1845-46, p. 669, pl. 24, fig. 82. Polymorphina communis RoEMER, Neues Jahrb. f. Min., etc., 1838, p. 385, fig. 29—H. B. Brapy, Parker, and Jonss, Trans. Linn. Soc., vol. 27, 1869, p. 224, pl. 39, figs. 10 a, b—H. B. Brapy, Rep. Voy. Challenger,. Zoology, vol. 9, 1884, p. 568, pl. 72, fig. 19.—Fuint, U. S. Nat. Mus. Rept., 1897, p. 319, pl. 67, fig. 6 (part).—Bagee, Bull. 88, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1898, p. 60, pl. 6, fig. 2—Fornasin1, Mem. Accad. Sci. Istit.,. Bologna, ser. 5, vol. 8, 1900, p. 38, fig. 37 —WELLER, Geol. Survey New Jersey, Paleontology, vol. 4, 1907, p. 248, pl. 3, fig. 18—Baee, U. 8S. Geol. Survey, Bull. 513, 1912, p. 68, pl. 21, figs. 7 a, b, 13-15.—-CusHMman, Bull. 71, U. S. Nat. Mus., pt. 3, 1913, p. 87, pl. 37, fig. 7. Polymorphina lactea WALKER AND JACOB var. communis WILLIAMSON,, Recent Foram. Great Britain, 1858, p. 72, pl. 6, figs. 153-155. Polymorphina (Guttulina) lata Eacrer, Neues Jahrb. fiir Min., Jahrg. 1857, p. 288, pl. 18, figs. 22-24. Guttulina cretacea AutH, Haidinger’s Nat. Abhandl., vol. 3, 1850, p. 262, pl. 18, fig. 14—Rezuss, Haidinger’s Nat. Abhandl., vol. 4, 1851, p. 28, pl. 4, fig. 10. Polymorphina cretacea Eager, Abhandl. Kén. bay. Akad. Wiss. Miinchen, CHhe vols 2espt. L899 on Tavasple lin tese 2 sala Globulina irregularis TERQqQUEM, Mém. Soc. Géol. France, sér. 3, vol. 1, 1878, p. 44, pl. 4 (9), figs. 13, 14. Polymorphina lactea StpEBotToOM, Mem. Proc. Manchester Lit. Philos. Soc.., vol. 5, No. 9, 1907, p. 9, pl. 2, fig. 11—Franxz, Abhandl, geol. pal. Instit. Univ. Greifswald, vol. 6, 1925, p. 77, pl. 6, fig. 18; Danmarks: Geol. Unders. 2, Raekke, No. 46, 1927, p. 34, pl. 3, fig. 13. Globulina gibba var. glomula Fornasini, Mem. Accad. Istit. Bologna Sci., ser. 5, vol. 9, 1900-1902 (1902), p. 68, fig. 20 in text. Test broadly fusiform, acute at the apertural end, more or less rounded at the initial end in the megalospheric form, rather rounded at the base in the microspheric form; chambers elongated, more or less inflated, arranged in a clockwise, quinqueloculine series, each suc- ceeding chamber slightly removed from the base; sutures depressed, very distinct; wall rather thick, smooth; aperture radiate. Length, 0.50-1.25 mm.; breadth, 0.40-1.25 mm.; thickness, 0.28— 0.70 mm. Most authors describe Guttulina problema as a species having chambers arranged triserially or crowded together irregularly, but we have seen no specimens having triserial or irregularly arranged chambers, and all the specimens are characterized by a quinquelocu- art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAH—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 21 line arrangement of chambers. Brady, Parker, and Jones give a figure drawn from d’Orbigny’s model No. 61 (pl. 39, fig. 71a), but so far as our model shows, the figure is not well drawn and does not represent the species correctly. The trouble is that d’Orbigny’s Guttulina problema, figured from the Vienna Basin, so far as his original specimen examined by Ozawa is concerned, is different from his original represented by the model. Moreover the model, judging from ours, seems not to be made well. That is, the arrangement of chambers shown by the model appears at first to be in a very roughly clockwise quinqueloculine series, and the third chamber is added abnormally. D’Orbigny’s original speci- men is lost; therefore the model is the only reference having any authority. It may be supposed that d’Orbigny’s original of Guttulina problema was an abnormal specimen. We have examined some Pliocene material from Castel Arquato, which is the original locality of d’Orbigny’s Guttulina problema, and obtained some specimens which are very close to d’Orbigny’s model, but there is no abnormal specimen just like the model. One of our specimens is figured. The figured specimen, as well as the others. from the same locality, more or less resemble Guttulina communis figured by d’Orbigny in 1826, the differences are that Guitulina problema has one more chamber than the latter, and its later chambers are slightly more slender. Such differences are, of course, of very little importance for specific separation in this group, as they are not constant. Brady, Parker, and Jones recognized the close relationship between Guttulina problema and Gutiulina communis, but they preferred to accept the models No. 61 and No. 62 as a basis of subdivision, while later Brady proposed to unite them in the Challenger report, although he gave separate names to the figures. Reuss, when he described Polymorphina problema var. deltoidea in 1866,° placed together Guttulina communis, Guttulina problema, and Guttulina austriaca; this conclusion might have been guided by the figures in the Vienna Basin monograph. However, d’Orbigny’s (ut- tulina communis figured in the Vienna Basin monograph is the same as Reuss’s Guttulina dilatata described in 1851, and d’Orbigny’s Gut- tulina problema in the same paper is nothing but a specimen having one more chamber than Guttulina communis (Guttulina dilatata). Guttulina austriaca is, as discussed later, quite different from the other two. The above discussion was confirmed by the study of both the holotypes and paratypes. At first, we endeavored to separate Guttulina problema and Guttulina communis, but a study of the large accumulation of both fossil and 6 Deutsch. d. Matem.-Natur. Classed. k. Akad. Wissens, vol. 25, p. 154. 22, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 recent specimens led us to unite them. The difference between them. is only wn the shape of chamber, more precisely the degree of elonga- tion. Guttulina cretacea Alth differs from the present species in its inflated chambers, and is close to Globulina gibba var. glomula Fornasini from the Pliocene of Siena which, according to Fornasini, is an intermediate between Guttulina problema and Globulina gibba. However, both Guttulina cretacea and Globulina gibba var. glomula, though they have shightly depressed sutures, retain the quinqueloculine arrangement of chambers, and they resemble Guttulina problema more than Globulina gibba. Therefore, they are included in Guttulina problema. We have specimens referred to this species from the following locali- ties: Recent.—Albatross D4807, off Japan; D5141, vicinity of Jolo, P. I.; D5469, east coast of Luzon, P. I.; D2756, off Brazil; shore sand, Rimini, Italy; off southwest Ireland; Dry Tortugas, Fla. Pleistocene—United States, Lomita quarry, Palos Verdes Hills, Calif. Pliocene.—United States, Timms Point, San Pedro, Calif. Miocene.—Germany, Dingden, Westphalia, Ortenburg; Hupgary, Kostej, Banat; Tortonian sand, Varpolata; Austria, Bujtur, Sieben- burgen; France, Burdigalien superieur, Pont Gourguet, Saucats; Burdigalien moyen, Le Coquillat, Leognan; Burdigalien inferieur, St. Paul de Dax; Moulin de l’Eglise, Saucats; Australia, Filter quarry,. near Batesford, Victoria; Bird Rock Cliffs, Torquay, Victoria; Danger Point, Torquay, Victoria; lower beds, Muddy Creek; United States, Oak Grove sand, 100 yards below Oak Grove Bridge, Yellow River, Fla.; Chipola marl, Chipola River, Calhoun County, Fla. Oligocene.—Germany, Upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel; Doberg, near Biinde; middle Oligocene, Septarienthon, Hermsdorf, near Berlin; Flonheim, Mainz Basin; Wiesloch, near Heidelberg; Oeding, Westphalia; Diisseldorf; Hildesheimer Wald, near Dick- holzen, Hanover; Lobsann, Alsace; United States, lower Oligocene, Red Bluff clay, Red Bluff, Wayne County, Miss. Eocene.—United States, Jacksonian, Tarkiln Creek, one-half mile above Neuches River, Tex.; Cooper marl, South Carolina; Claibor- nian of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana; Vincentown, N. J.; Cipero section, Trinidad, British West Indies; Midwayan, Texas; France, Lutetien, Parnes (Les Béves); Vaudancourt; Orbitolites bed and Middle bed, Grignon; Campbon Liveau de Rilly, Damery; Belgium, Wansin. Cretaceous.—Holland, upper Senonian, Maastricht; United States, Ripley formation, Owl Creek, Miss.; Upper Cretaceous, Texas. ant.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—-CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 23 GUTTULINA BULLOIDES (Reuss) Plate 1, figures 7, 8 Globulina bulloides Reuss, Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 44, pt. 1, 1861 (1862), p. 318, pl. 3, fig. 4. Guitulina bulloides TeRquEM (?), Mém. Soe. Géol. France, sér. 3, vol. 1, 1878, p. 47, pl. 4 (9), figs. 27 a, b. Globulina deformis D’ORBIGNY, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, 1826, p. 267, No. 27. Polymorphina (Globulina) deformis FoRNASINI, Riv. Ital. Pal., vol. 8, 1902, p. 3, pl. 1, fig. 9. Test diagonally oval, nearly as wide as long, rounded at both ends; chambers inflated, rounded, slightly embracing, arranged in an almost clockwise, quinqueloculine series; sutures much depressed, distinct; wall smooth, thick; aperture radiate. Length 0.40-1.50 mm.; breadth 0.40-1.40 mm.; thickness 0.25- 0.75 mm. The present species is characterized by rounded chambers, the last of which is much removed from the base. We have several specimens of the present species from the Miocene in the environs of Bordeaux which are just the same as Fornasini’s figure. In its essential features, our specimens resemble Globulina bulloides described by Reuss from the Cretaceous of Maastricht. Our series of specimens shows that the species is a variable one. Gutiulina bulloides Terquem, having rounded chambers separated by deep sutures, seems perhaps to belong to the present species, but we have no topotype specimens for comparison. Specimens in our collection which may be referred to this species with more or less question are from the following localities: Recent.—Shore sand, Coffins Beach, Annisquam, Mass.; Albatross D2415, 440 fathoms, and D2416, 276 fathoms, both off the Carolina coast. Pliocene.—Crag, Sutton, England. Miocene.—France, Helvetian, Salles, Moulin du Minoy; Burdi- galien, Moulin de |’Eglise, Saucats; St. Paul de Dax; Hungary, Lapugy; Trinidad, Cipero section. GUTTULINA BARTSCHI Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 1, figures 10 a—c Test ovate, with broadly rounded end (young) to oblong (adult), initial end obtuse and rounded, apertural end acuminate; chambers inflated, slightly longer than wide, slightly embracing, arranged in a nearly quinqueloculine series; sutures depressed, distinct; wall smooth, thick, translucent; aperture radiate. Length 0.50-0.70 mm.; breadth 0.35-0.60 mm.; thickness 0.30- 0.45 mm. 24 _ PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 77 Holotype —(U. 8S. Nat. Mus. No. 12612.) From Albatross D5178, in 78 fathoms off Romblon, P. I. It also occurs in the Philippines from the following stations: D5143, 19 fathoms and D5144, 19 fathoms, both off Jolo Jolo; D5152, 34 fathoms, Tawi Tawi group; D5268, 170 fathoms, Verde Island Pas- sage; D5319, 340 fathoms, China Sea off Formosa. It also occurs at D4883, 53 fathoms, off Japan. We have specimens from off the Poor Knights Islands, New Zealand, in 60 fathoms, and from Van Diemans Inlet, Gulf of Carpenteria, Queensland, Australia, 10 fathoms. There are specimens in the collection from the lower Pliocene of Beaumaris, near Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The species is named after Dr. Paul Bartsch, of the United States National Museum, who collected much of the material in the Albatross cruise in the Philippines. In general outline, Guttulina bartschi is similar to Guttulina regina distributed in the Indo-Australian region; but G. bartschi has a smooth surface. GUTTULINA ORIENTALIS Cushman and Ozawa Plate 3, figures 2, 3 Guitulina orientalis CusHMAN and Ozawa, Contr. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 4, 1928, p. 15, pl. 2, fig. 1; Jap. Journ. Geol. Geogr., vol. 6, 1929, p. 66, pl. 13, fig. 1; pl. 14, figs. 1, 2. Test ovate to broadly fusiform, greatest breadth usually slightly below the middle, base broadly rounded; chambers inflated, clavate, arranged in a clockwise, quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber farther removed from the base; sutures only slightly de- pressed, distinct; wall smooth, polished, thick; aperture radiate. Length of adult specimens, 1.00—1.42 mm.; breadth, 0.65-0.83 mm. ; thickness, 0.55—-0.69 mm. Guttulina orientalis most closely resembles Guttulina problema, from which it is distinguished by its more inflated chambers arranged much closer in a quinqueloculine series, and each succeeding chamber is removed much farther from the base. From Guttulina austriaca it is easily separated by its less depressed sutures, more rounded base, and inflated chambers. ‘ Distribution —The species occurs at numerous localities about Japan. The type locality is from the upper Pliocene of Sawane, Island of Sado, Japan. It occurs also in the upper Pliocene of Nat- sukawa, and there are numerous Recent specimens from off Kobama. In the Albatross dredgings, it occurs at D4826, 114 fathoms, D4843, 100 fathoms, both off Japan. In addition, there is in the collection a single specimen of similar form in Doctor Bagg’s material from Timms Point, Calif. It may be noted also that we have a very few specimens from the Miocene of art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMO RPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 25 Bordeaux that in size and general arrangement of chambers are very similar. GUTTULINA IRREGULARIS (d’Orbigny) Plate 3, figures 4, 5; Plate 7, figures 1, 2 Globulina irregularis D’ORBIGNY, Foram. Foss. Bass. Tert. Vienne, 1846, p. 226, pl. 13, figs. 9, 10—Cusuman and Tuomas, Journ. Pal., vol. 3, 1929, p. 177, pl. 23, figs. 2a—c. Guttulina dilatata Reuss, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 1, 1850, p. 378, pl. 48, fig. 11. Guttulina problema p’ORBIGNY (not d’Orbigny 1826), Foram. Foss. Bass. Tert. Vienne, 1846, p. 224, pl. 12, figs. 26-28—Revss, in Geinitz, Grundr. Verstein., 1845-46, p. 669, pl. 24, fig. 83. Globulina guttula Reuss, Zeitschr. deutsch. geol. Ges., vol. 3, 1851, p. 82, pl. 6, fig. 46. Guttulina semiplana Reuss, Zeitschr. deutsch. geol. Ges., vol. 3, 1851, p. 82, pl. 6, fig. 48. Guttulina centrata TERQUEM, Mém. Soc. Géol. France, sér. 3, vol. 1, 1878, p. 46, pl. 4 (9), figs. 25a—26. Polymorphina byramensis CusHMAN, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-H, 1922, p. 94, pl. 17, figs. 2a, b; Idem, Prof. Paper 133, 1923, p. 31, pl. 5, figs. 1-5. Guttulina byramensis CusHMAN and ScHENCK, Univ. Calif. Publ., Bull. Dept. Geol. Sci., vol. 17, 1928, p. 309, pl. 43, figs. 6-8. Test oval to subdeltoidal, equilaterally triangular with rounded sides and angles, excepting the acute apertural end; chambers more or less angular, elongated, arranged in a clockwise, quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber excepting the last one or two cham- bers in full grown specimens coming down to the base; sutures de- pressed, distinct; wall smooth, but in full-grown specimens often having the last small chamber with spines or covered with fistulose tubes; aperture radiate. Length, 0.45-1.40 mm.; breadth, 0.30-1.20 mm.; thickness, 0.20-0.75 mm. Guttulina irregularis is closely related to Guttulina problema in its quinqueloculine arrangement of chambers and depressed sutures, and naturally it was recorded by most authors under the names of Guttulina problema or Guttulina communis. D’Orbigny himself described and figured the present species in the Vienna monograph as three different species, Guttulina communis, Guttulina problema, and Globulina irregularis. Ozawa examined both holotype and paratype specimens of the above three species as well as a great deal of material collected from the Vienna Basin Tertiary, and is con- vinced that the three species as used in the 1846 paper are really nothing more than one and the same organism in different phases of growth. ‘‘Guttulina communis” is the adult and most common form of d’Orbigny. Guttulina problema is an older stage with one more chamber, and Globulina irregularis represented by a somewhat 26 PROCHEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 abnormal specimen having an irregular growth of chambers. There is some doubt about the holotype specimen of Globulina irregularis preserved in the Museum of Paris, because the specimen is also labelled ‘‘ Guttulina communis, var.,”’ and it is equilaterally triangular in outline instead of globular as figured by d’Orbigny. It would be considered that d’Orbigny’s figures for Globulina irregularis are much modified from the specimen now in the museum as in the case of Guttulina problema and Gutiulina communis in the same. paper. There is no specimen like the Globulina irregularis figured by d’Orbigny, either in the paratype specimens or among our topotypes. Therefore, in this paper we take the specimen in the Museum at Paris as the holotype and give the somewhat abnormal specimen having the very inadequate name of Globulina irregularis the priority over several specific names given the specimens considered to be identical with the present species. It is to be noted here that Polymorphina wrregularis d’Orbigny in the Cuban monograph is a different species from Globulina irregularis in the Vienna monograph in which Globulina is used as a genus. Guitulina dilatata Reuss recorded from the Vienna Basin Miocene in 1850 is different from Polymorphina dilatata described by the same author in the following year 1851, and is a very good representation of the present species. Reuss’ Globulina guttula and Guttulina semiplana from Hermsdorf are the same, the former being a young and the latter an adult. They are very close to Guttulina irregularis and are placed in the synonymy. Guitulina centrata Terquem, having a rounded outline and much involute chambers is approaching Sigmoidella. This is shown in young stages of Guttulina irregularis. It appears not to be well drawn and is provisionally included in the present species. Polymorphina byramensis Cushman, one of the most common species in the American older Tertiary, in its general features is closely related to the present species. Tnstribution.—This is one of the most common species of the Poly- morphinidae. It ranges from the Cretaceous to the Recent, and geo- graphically is also widely distributed. We have specimens from the following localities referable to this species: Recent.—Italy, shore sand, Lido, Venice; Australia, shore ey Torquay, on Bass Strait, Victoria; New Zealand, off North Cape, 75 fathoms; off Oamaru, 50 fathoms; off the Big King, 98 fathoms; off Poor Knights Islands, 60 fathoms; east coast United States, Albatross D2415, off the Carolina coast, 440 fathoms; D2262, south of New England, 250 fathoms. Phocene.—Island of Cyprus, Lanarka; Italy, Coroncina, near Siena; Castel Arquato; Ponticello, near Bologna. art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 27 Miocene.—United States, Choctawhatchee marl, near Red Bay, Fla.; Chipola marl, Chipola River, Calhoun County, Fla.; Australia, Janjukian, Filter quarries, Batesford, Victoria; Bird Rock Cliffs, Torquay, Victoria; bore, Hopevale Station, Sutherlands Creek, near Geelong, Victoria; Balcombian, Kackeraboite Creek, Victoria; Austria, Amphistegina-marl and Leithakalk, Grunes Kreuz, Nussdorf, mear Vienna; Tortonian, Loos, Vienna Basin; Hungary, Tortonian, Varpolata; Lapugy; Kostej; France, Helvetian, Pontlevoy; Salles, Moulin de Minoy; Burdigalien moyen, Le Coquillat, Leognan; Burdigalien recifal, St. Paul de Dax, Landes, Burdigalien inferieur, Moulin de l’Eglise, Saucats (Gironde). Oligocene.—Germany, upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel; middle Oligocene, Flonheim, Mainz Basin; Hermsdorf near Berlin; Pietzpuhl; Sdllingen; Duisberg; Oeding; Diisseldorf, Dickholzen; Lobsann; lower Oligocene, Lattdorf; Australia, Clifton Bank, near Hamilton, Victoria; United States, Byram marl, Byram and Vicks- burg, Miss.; Mint Spring Marl, Mint Spring Bayou, Vicksburg, Miss., and many other localities recorded; Mexico, numerous localities in ‘Tampico embayment region. Eocene—United States, Jacksonian, 14% miles south of Shubuta, Miss.; 1 mile south of Yazoo City, Miss.; west bank of Chipola River, east of Marianna, Jackson County, Fla., and many other stations. ; ‘Claibornian, Cook Mountain formation, Moseleys Ferry, Caldwell ‘County, Tex.; Sabine County, Tex.; Alabama; Louisiana; Vincen- town, N. J.; Midwayan, Naheola formation, Naheola Landing, Tom- bigbee River, Ala.; Midway, Tex. Mexico, many stations in Alazan clays, Guayabal formation, Guayabal. Trinidad, Hermitage quarry, Dumfries Road; Cipero section; Vistabella quarry. Hungary, Neu- stift, Ofen. Austria, Bartonian, Bruderndorf, near Stockerau. France, Lutetien, Parnes (Les Béves); Damery; Chaussy; Grignon; Courtagnon. Italy, Bartonian, Val di Lonte. England, Brackles- ham beds, White Cliff Bay, Isle of Wight. Belgium, basal Kocene, Wansin. GUTTULINA IRREGULARIS d’Orbigny var. NIPPONENSIS Cushman and Ozawa, new variety Plate 7, figures 3a—c Variety differing from the typical in having the later chambers not much removed from the base and having a tendency to embrace the earlier ones; that is, it is approaching Sigmordella. It is noteworthy that the direction of the quinqueloculine arrangement of chambers is either clockwise or contraclockwise as in Sigmovdella pacifica. Length 0.70-0.75 mm.; breadth 0.45-0.55 mm.; thickness 0.33-0.37 mm. Holotype of variety (Cushman Coll. No. 11140).—From upper Plio- cene, Okuwa, Province of Kaga, Japan. Paratypes in Geological Institute, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan. 28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 The specimens having a contraclockwise arrangement of chambers, more or less resemble Giutiulina lactea, but the sutures are more depressed and the outline is more triangular instead of the oval or ovate form of Guttulina lactea. Distribution.—Found only in the Japanese Pliocene deposits and as a Recent form. GUTTULINA FRANKEI Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 4, figures 1 a-—c Polymorphina lactea var. cuspidata FRANKE, Abhandl. Mus. Nat. Magde- burg, 1925, p. 177, pl. 6, fig. 460. Test nearly quadrangular, almost symmetrical, apertural and initial ends very acute, forming opposite diagonal angles, other two angles rounded; chambers clavate, not embracing, earlier ones small, later ones much enlarged, arranged in a clockwise, quinqueloculine . series; sutures depressed, distinct; wall smooth, rather thick; aperture radiate. Length 0.60-0.82 mm.; breadth 0.35-0.55 mm.; thickness 0.25— 0.35 mm. Holotype (Cushman Coll. No. 10588).—From the middle Oligocene of Séllingen, Germany. We also have specimens from the Oligocene of Oeding, Westphalia, Germany. Very similar specimens occur in the upper Eocene, Cooper marl of South Carolina. Guttulina franker more or less resembles Guttulina irregularis in its general characters, but the former has the more acute base, often with a spine at its initial end. It differs from the microspheric form of Guttulina irregularis which has invariably a rounded base and is usually more or less equilaterally triangular. Franke’s Polymorphina lactea var. cuspidata reported from the lower Oligocene of Magdeburg is characterized by a cuspidate initial end and is very similar to the present species. However, the name cuspidata has already been used by Brady, and we have attached Doctor Franke’s name to this species. GUTTULINA TRIGONULA (Reuss) Plate 4, figures 2 a—c Polymorphina trigonula Reuss, Die Verstein. béhm. Kreide, 1845, p. 40, pl. 13, fig. 84.—H. B. Brapy, Parxkmr, and Jonss, Trans. Linn. Soc., vol. 27, 1870, p. 232, pl. 40, figs. 16a, b. Polymorphina damaecornis Reuss, Die Verstein. bbhm. Kreide, 1845, p. 40, pl. 18, fig. 85. Polymorphina (Guttulina) damaecornis JoNES and CHapman, Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., vol. 25, 1896, p. 508, fig. 2 (in text). Test spheroidal, truncate at the base, obtuse at the apertural end; chambers rounded, inflated, arranged in a clockwise, quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber extending back to the base but not art 6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—-CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 29 covering the earlier chambers at the base; sutures depressed, distinct; wall smooth, the apertural end often covered ‘with fistulose tubes; aperture produced, radiate. Length 0.35-0.70 mm.; breadth 0.35-0.65 mm.; thickness 0.25— 0.48 mm. Guttulina trigonula is allied to Guttulina problema and like it has the chambers arranged in a quinqueloculine series, but differs from it in the truncate, somewhat three-sided base. The test itself is much rounded and much wider than long. Guttulina damaecornis mentioned by Reuss in the same paper as the present species is undoubtedly a fistulose specimen of Guttulina trigonula. Polymorphina glomerata Roemer’ characterized by a spheroidal test composed of inflated and rounded chambers, appears to be very close to Guttulina trigonula, but the figures lack details. The fact also that we have no specimens in our collection that seem identical has left us in doubt whether it be a valid species or a synonym of the present one. Mistribution— Reuss recorded the present species from the Creta- ceous of Luschnitz in Bohemia. Our figured specimen was obtained from the lower Gault clay at Barnwell Pit, in Cambridge, England. The other localities of our specimens from the Cretaceous are: Maastricht, Holland; Stemmerberg, Westphalia; Hinter-Fessen near Pirna, Germany; Velasco shale, Hacienda El Limon, west of Panuco, Mexico. ; GUTTULINA AUSTRIACA d’Orbigny Plate 4, figures 3-5 Gutiulina austriaca D’ORBIGNY, Foram. Foss. Bass. Tert. Vienne, 1846, p. 223, pl. 12, figs. 23-25_TErqurmm, Mém. Soc. Géol. France, sér. 3, vol. 2, 1882, p. 133, pl. 18 (21), fig. 36. Polymorphina oblonga v’OrBIgNY, Foram. Foss. Bass. Tert. Vienne, 1846, p. 232, pl. 12, figs. 29-31—_Turquem, Mém. Soc. Géol. France, sér. 3, vol. 2, 1882, p. 145, pl. 15 (23), fig. 9 —H. B. Brapy, Rep. Voy. Chal- lenger, Zoology, vol. 9, 1884, p. 569, pl. 73, fig. 4 (not figs. 2 and 3).— CuastEr, First Rept. Southport Soc. Nat. Sci., 1890-91 (1892), p. 64, pl. 1, fig. 13.—Baae, U.S. Geol. Survey, Bull. 513, 1912, p. 73, pl. 20, figs. 10-12.—Cusuman, Bull. 71, U. 8S. Nat. Mus., pt. 3, 1913, p. 88, pl. 37, fig. 6; Idem, Bull. 100, vol. 4, 1921, p. 268, pl. 52, fig. 3. Polymorphina guttata Reuss, Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 62, pt. 1, 1870, p. 487.—v. Scuuicut, Foram. Septar. Pietzpuhl, 1870, pl. 30, figs. 25-32. Test fusiform to oblong, more or less rounded at the base, rather acute at the apertural end, often botryoidal, greatest breadth usually above the middle; chambers oval to clavate, slightly embracing, arranged in a clockwise, quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber removed much farther from the base; sutures depressed and very distinct; wall smooth, translucent; aperture produced, radiate. 7 Verst. norddeutsch. Kreide, 1840-41 ,p. 97, pl. 15, fig. 19. 30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 7? Length 0.60-1.15 mm.; breadth 0.40-0.55 mm.; thickness 0.35- 0.50 mm. . Original specimen in Paris, paratypes in Vienna. Gutiulina austriaca has been often confused and mistaken by various authors. It is generally considered to be identical with Guttulina problema and G. communis. We do not deny its close relationship to Gutiulina problema, because it has the same arrangement of clavate chambers, although in the present species each succeeding chamber is removed from the proloculum, which is always very distinct in a young specimen. In the plate are illustrated three phases of the growth of Guttulina austriaca from specimens collected from the original locality. The youngest is a specimen coinciding in every respect with d’Orbigny’s Guttulina austriaca, and the largest adult. specimen is nothing but the species described by d’Orbigny under the name Polymorphina oblonga (not of Roemer nor of Williamson). Polymorphina gutiula Reuss, a name given to the figures (pl. 30, figs. 25-30) of Schlicht, having a botryoidal test, is closely related to the present species. Disiribution.—We have specimens of this species from the following localities: Recent.—ltaly, Shore sand, Rimini; Pacific, off Watson’s Bay, Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia; Kobama, Japan; Albatross D5318, 340 fathoms, China Sea, vicinity of Formosa. Pleistocene.—Canada, Glacial clays, McGill College Grounds, Montreal. Pliocene.—ltaly, Castel Arquato; Coroncina, near Siena; Belgium, Crag noir, Antwerp; Japan, Okuwa, Province of Kaga; Natsukawa, Province of Echigo. Miocene.—Hungary, Koste}; Lapugy; Varpolata; Austria, Torto- nian, Grunes Kreuz, Nussdorf; Perchtoldsdorf; Baden, near Vienna. Oligocene.—Upper Oligocene, Germany, Ahnatal near Cassel. Middle Oligocene, Flonheim, Mainz Basin. Lower Oligocene, Lattdorf. Hocene.—France, Lutetien, Parnes (Les Béves); Lutetien moyen, Grignon. Lower Eocene, Belgium, Wansin. GUTTULINA YABE} Cushman and Ozawa Plate 4, figures 6, 7 Guttulina yaber CusuHMAN and Ozawa, Jap. Journ. Geol. Geogr., vol. 6, 1929, p. 68, pl. 13, fig. 2; pl. 14, fig. 6. Polymorphina oblonga H. B. Brapy (not d’Orbigny), Rep. Voy. Challenger, . Zoology, vol. 9, 1884, pl. 73, figs. 2, 3. Test elongate fusiform, rounded, greatest breadth above the mid- dle, base rounded; chambers numerous, inflated, one and one-half times as long as broad, arranged in a close sigmoid series, each chamber added with its base at about the middle of the previous chamber- art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA ol adjacent to it; sutures very distinct, depressed; wall smooth, polished, thick, translucent; aperture radiate, terminal. Length 1.50 mm.; breadth 0.75 mm. Holotype.—(Geological Institute, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan.) From the upper Pliocene, Sawane, Island of Sado. This species is evidently the same as that figured by Brady.’ Brady’s specimens are from the Australian region, and are not the same as d’Orbigny’s Polymorphina (Guitulina) oblonga from the Miocene of the Vienna Basin, which is a much smaller species as well as differing in other characters. ‘'Topotypes of d’Orbigny’s species have been compared with the Japanese specimens. In the Albatross collections, the species occurs at Stations D4807, 44 fathoms and D4826, 114 fathoms off Japan. GUTTULINA YABEI Cushman and Ozawa var. OVALE Cushman and Ozawa Plate 40, figure 6 Gutiulina yabet CusHMAN and Ozawa var. ovale CUSHMAN and Ozawa, Jap. Journ. Geol. and Geog., vol. 6, 1929, p. 68, pl. 18, fig. 3; pl. 14, fig. 7. Variety differing from the typical form in having the sutures less depressed, and the chambers less inflated, due to the greater over- lapping of the chambers. The figured specimen measured 2.5 mm. in length, and 1.1 mm. in breadth. The types are from the upper Pliocene of Sawane, Island of Sado, Japan. GUTTULINA SPICAEFORMIS (Roemer) Plate 5, figures 1, 2 Polymorphina spicaeformis RommMER, Neues Jahrb. fiir Min., 1838, p. 386, pl. 3, fig. 31. Polymorphina austriaca D’ORBIGNY var. to CusHMAN and Appuin, Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petr. Geol., vol. 10, 1926, p. 174, pl. 9, figs. 6, 7. Guitulina plancit D’ORBIGNY, Voy. Amér. Mérid., vol. 5, pt. 5, ‘‘ Foramini- féres,”” 1839, p. 60, pl. 1, fig. 5. Polymorphina uviformis Rnuss, Zeitschr. deutsch. geol. Ges., vol. 7, 1855, pa 289, pl. 11, fig. 5. Test fusiform, initial end rounded, apertural end acute, margin slightly lobulate; chambers clavate, but little embracing, arranged in a contraclockwise, quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber removed from the base; sutures depressed, distinct; wall smooth; aperture radiate. Length 0.35-0.75 mm.; breadth 0.20-0.35 mm.; thickness 0.12- 0.25 mm. In general form, Guttulina spicaeformis most resembles Guttulina austriaca d’Orbigny from the Vienna Basin in that it has rather short, clavate chambers combined so as to form a typical fusiform test. It ® Challenger Report, vol. 9, 1884, pl. 73, figs. 2, 3. o2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 however possesses a contraclockwise quinqueloculine arrangement of chambers as distinctly shown in the figure given by Roemer. Polymorphina uviformis Reuss may represent a Cretaceous speci- men of the present species, and we have no reason to separate it from Guttulina sprcaeformis. Guttulina planew d’Orbigny described from the Bay of San-Blas, Patagonia, and Polymorphina austriaca var. 10 Cushman and Applin are also placed under the synonymy of the present species. Distribution.—Geologically and geographically Guttulina spicae- formis is widely distributed. We have species from the following localities: Recent.—Atlantic, West Indies, Dry Tortugas, 11 and 18 fathoms; San Juan Harbor, P. R., 6 fathoms; coast of Belgium; Gaspé Bay, 10-15 fathoms; Australia, Hardwick Bay, east side of Spencer Gulf; New Zealand, off the Big King, 98 fathoms; off the Snares; Oamaru. Miocene.—Australia, Filter Quarry, Batesford, Victoria. Oligocene.—Germany, Diisseldorf; Sdllingen; Oeding, Westphalia. Eocene —United States, Cooper marl, west side of Biggin Creek, Berkeley County, S. C.; Ocala limestone, west bank of Chipola River, at Wagon Bridge, east of Marianna, Jackson County, Fla.; east bank of Sepulga River, north of Brooklyn, Conecuh County, Ala.; road from Perdue Hill to Claiborne, Monroe County, Ala.; Jack- sonian, Jackson, Miss.; bluff on Garlands Creek, 5 miles northeast of Shubuta, Wayne County, Miss.; bluff on Chickasawhay River at Hayes Chapel, Wayne County, Miss.; Stovall Creek, east of Diboll, Tex.; three-fourths mile below Robinson’s Ferry, Sabine River, Sabine, Tex.; Wilmington, N. C., Claibornian; roadside going down to river, Claiborne, Ala.; Midwayan, Tex. England, Bracklesham beds X, XIII, XVIII, Isle of Wight. Thanetian, Pegwell Bay. France, Lutetien, Parnes (Les Béves), Damery. GUTTULINA SPICAEFORMIS (Roemer), var. AUSTRALIS (d’Orbigny) Plate 5, figures 3 a—c Globulina australis @ Onpieny, Voy. Amér. Mérid., 1839, vol. 5, pt. 5, ‘‘ Fora- miniféres,’’ p. 60, pl. 1, figs. 1-4. Polymorphina australis H. B. Brapy, Parker, and Jonss, Trans. Linn. Soc., vol. 27, 1869, p. 239, pl. 41, figs. 27a, b. Polymorphina regina CusHMAN, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129, 1921, p. 94, pl. 18, fig. 4; Carnegie Instit. Washington, Publ. No. 311, 1922, p. 33, pl. 4, figs. 5, 6; U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, 1923, p. 33. Variety differing from the typical in its ornamentation, consisting of fine, longitudinal costae, generally well developed on the lower half of the test. There are intermediate specimens in which the markings become obscure. Length 0.45-0.63 mm.; breadth 0.25-0.32 mm.; thickness 0.18- 0.25 mm. “art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 30 Distribution.—This variety has occurred in considerable numbers at various stations off the Dry Tortugas, off Florida, and off Cuba. Specimens of very similar character and seemingly identical occur in the Eocene, Bracklesham beds XVII and XVIII, Isle of Wight, England, and in the lower Oligocene, Byram mari of Byram, Miss. GUTTULINA HANTKENI Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 5, figures 4-6 Polymorphina acuta Hantxun, Mitth. Jahrb. K. Ungar. geol. Anstalt, vol. 4, ~ 1875 (1881), p. 60, pl. 8, fig. 4 (acuminata on explanation of plate). Test oval, botryoidal, more or less rounded at the base, acute at the aperture, greatest breadth above the middle; chambers ovate, embracing but little, arranged in a contraclockwise, quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber removed farther from the base sutures much depressed, very distinct; wail smooth, thick; aperture acutely produced, radiate. Length 0.60-1.20 mm.; breadth 0.35-0.75 mm.; thickness 0.30- 0.60 mm. Holotype —(Cushman Coll. No. 11194.) Hocene, Kleinzellen, bei Ofen, Hungary. Guttulina hantkeni has a typical botryoidal test consisting of ovate chambers, while other botryoidal species such as Guttulina austriaca and Guttulina spicaeformis have invariably more slender tests con- sisting of clavate chambers. The Cretaceous Polymorphina uviformis Reuss, which is included in Guitulina spicaeformis (Roemer) in this paper, seems to represent an intermediate form between Guttulina hantkeni and Guttulina spicae- formis. Both Hantken’s names, Polymorphina acuta, and Polymor- phina acuminata, given to the present species, are preoccupied; therefore a new specific name is proposed, named for Doctor Hantken. Distribution. —Guttulina hantkeni seems to be limited in its geologi- cal distribution. Our specimens were obtained from the Eocene for- mations of Neustift, Ofen, Hungary, the type locality of Hantken’s specimens, also from the middle Hocene of the United States, Clai- bornian, of New Jersey and Louisiana. We also have specimens from the upper Senonian of Maastricht, Holland, which are very similar. GUTTULINA PULCHELLA d@’Orbigny Plate 5, figures 7 a—c Guitulina pulchella »’ORBIGNY, in De la Sagra, Hist. Fis. Pol. Nat. Cuba, vol. 6, 1840, p. 129, pl. 2, figs. 4-6. Polymorphina pulchella H. B. Brapy, PaARKmR, and Jongs, Trans. Linn. Soc., vol. 27, 1870, p. 239, pl. 41, figs. 28 a, b—Cusuman, Carnegie Instit. Washington, Publ. No. 311, 1922, p. 33, pl. 4, figs. 7, 8; Bull. 104, U.S. Nat. Mus., pt. 4, 1923, p. 157, pl. 40, fig. 6. Test elongate fusiform, greatest breadth shightly below the middle; chambers elongate, clavate, scarcely overlapping, arranged in a contra- §2709—30——3 34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 clockwise, quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber farther removed from the base; sutures depressed, distinct; wall thin, orna- mented with fine, regular, longitudinal costae; aperture radiate. Length 0.60-0.95 mm.; breadth 0.25-0.30 mm.; thickness 0.18— 0.23 mm. Guttulina pulchella is one of a few well-defined species among the Polymorphinidae described by d’Orbigny. Its slender, elongate chambers, marked with regular, longitudinal costae, are its charac- teristics and can not be confused with any of the other known species. Distribution.—D’Orbigny recorded the present species from the shore sand of Cuba and Martinique. We have specimens from numer- ous stations off the Dry Tortugas, near Florida, 7-18 fathoms, and from Albatross D2420 off the eastern coast of the United States in 104 fathoms. GUTTULINA REGINA (H. B. Brady, Parker, and Jones) Plate 6, figures 1, 2 Polymorphina regina H. B. Brapy, Parksr, and Jonss, Trans. Linn. Soc., vol. 27, 1870, p. 241, pl. 41, figs. 32 a, b.—_H. B. Brapy, Rep. Voy. Challenger, Zoology, vol. 9, 1884, p. 571, pl. 73, figs. 11-13.—Eecrr, Abhandl. kén. bay. Akad. Wiss., Miinchen, Cl. II, vol. 18, 1893, p. 310, pl. 9, figs. 45, 50, 51.—Cuapman, Journ. Quekett Micr. Club, ser. 2, vol. 10, 1907, p. 182, pl. 10, fig. 4—Cusuman, Bull. 71, U. S. Nat. Mus., pt. 3, 1913, p. 91, pl. 41, figs. 6, 7; Bull. 676, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1918, p. 54, pl. 11, figs. 3, 45 Prof. Paper 129-E, 1922, p. 94, pl. 18, fig. 4; Prof. Paper 129-F, 1922, p. 181, pl. 30, fig. 8. Test broadly fusiform, obtuse and rounded at the initial end, acute at the apertural end; chambers inflated, oval, but little embracing, arranged in a quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber rapidly enlarged, removed slightly from the base; sutures much depressed, distinct; wall marked by equidistant, longitudinal costae; aperture radiate. Length 0.63—0.80 mm.; breadth 0.35-0.42; thickness 0.25—0.35 mm. This is a well-defined species described by H. B. Brady, Parker, and Jones, and there is but little danger of confusing it with any other species of the genus. | The surface markings are very regular and distinct, although in some specimens they are much finer. Distribution.—The original authors reported it from soundings from Storm Bay, Tasmania. It is common off the eastern coast of Aus- tralia. We have specimens from Albatross D5152, 34 fathoms, Sulu Archipelago; D5311, 88 fathoms, China Sea, off southern Luzon, P. I.; shore sand, Torquay, on Bass Strait, Victoria, Australia; shore sand, Newcastle Bay, New South Wales; Van Dieman’s Inlet, Gulf of Carpenteria, Queensland, 10 fathoms; and Wool Bay, Yorkes Peninsula, west side of St. Vincent Gulf, South Australia. art 6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAH—_CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 30 GUTTULINA REGINA (H. B. Brady, Parker, and Jones) var. CRASSICOSTATA Cushman and Ozawa, new variety Plate 11, figures 5 a-c Variety differing from the typical in the very broad, coarse costae and in the shape of the test, which instead of having the greatest breadth decidedly below the middle has a more regularly fusiform test; the chambers not as inflated as in the typical form. Holotype of variety —(Cushman Coll. No. 11891.) From the lower Pliocene, Beaumaris, near Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. This variety is very distinct from the typical form. The costae are extremely thick and heavy, even more so than shown in the figure. GUTTULINA COSTATULA Galloway and Wissler Plate 6, figures 3 a, b Polymorphina (Guttulina) costatula GatLoway and WISSLER, Journ. Pal., vol. 1, 1927, p. 57, pl. 9, figs. 10 a, b. Test short, somewhat fusiform, acute at both ends; chambers inflated, rounded, not much embracing, arranged in a contraclock- wise, quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber removed much farther from the base; sutures depressed, distinct; wall ornamented with numerous distinct, rounded costae, of which there are five more strongly developed at the base, radiating from the acute initial end independent of the sutures and taking positions in accord with the quinqueloculine arrangement of the early chambers; aperture pro- duced, radiate. Length 0.40-0.60 mm.; breadth 0.27—0.35 mm.; thickness 0.18-0.24 mm. Gutiulina costatula is very close in its general outline and ornamen- tation to Guttulina regina (H. B. Brady, Parker, and Jones), but it has generally much smaller dimensions, and its five strong costae radiating from the initial end is an important character developed in only one other known species of Guttulina. It is an ornamented species close to a rather common species found in the same locality (Guttulina quinquecosta Cushman and Ozawa), which has a smooth wall excepting for the five strong costae developed at the basal region. It grows much larger than the present species. Distribution.—The types were described from the Pleistocene, lower bed, of the Lomita Quarry, Palos Verdes Hills, 2 miles south of Lomita, Calif. We have specimens from the type locality, and also specimens that seem to be identical from the Miocene of Filter Quarry, Victoria, Australia. ex) (ep) PROCHEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 77 GUTTULINA CAUDATA d@’Orbigny Plate 6, figures 4, 5 Gutlulina caudata D’OrBIGNY, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, 1826, p. 266, No. 16.— FornNAsIN!I, Boll. Soc. Geol. Ital., vol. 19, 1900, p. 187, fig. 2 (in text). Test unequally compressed, front view nearly an isosceles triangle, with broadly rounded base, the initial end with a spine; chambers elongate, arranged in a clockwise, quinqueloculine series, each suc- ceeding chamber nearly reaching to the base; sutures but little de- pressed, distinct; wall smooth; aperture radiate. Length 0.32-0.48 mm.; breadth 0.20-0.35 mm.; thickness 0.08-0.15 mm. This is one of the species listed by d’Orbigny in 1826 and figured much later by Fornasini. Its regular triangular outline with the spine at the initial end are important features which will distinguish Guituline caudata. The quinqueloculine arrangement of the chambers of the species is very regular. Distribution.—D’Orbigny listed it from the Adriatic Sea and as fossil! from France and Castel Arquato. We have iossil specimens from France from the Eocene, Lutetien of Parnes (Les Béves), Vaudancourt, and Beauves. GUTTULINA ADHAERENS (Olszewski) Plate 1, figures 9 a-c; Plate 6, figures 7 a, 6 Polymorphina adhaerens OLSZEWSKI, Sprawodz. Kom. Fizyj. Akad. Umiej. Krakowie, vol. 9, 1875, p. 119, pl. 1, fig. 11. Test ovate, broadest below the middle, rounded at the base, acute toward the apertural end; chambers clavate, arranged in an almost quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber slightly removed from the base; sutures but little depressed, distinct; wall smooth; aperture radiate, Length 0.50-1.10 mm.; breadth 0.35-0.80 mm.; thickness 0.22—0.50 mim, The quinqueloculine arrangement of the chambers of the present species has a tendency to become triserial. Accordingly a side view often shows only three chambers of which the middle one seems to be much inflated and produced between the others. This appearance is very characteristic of the species. Distribution Rather common in various Cretaceous deposits in Hurepe, especially in the Chalkmarl and the Gault of England. We have it also from the Cretaceous of Maastricht, Holland. arTt.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAEH-—_CUSHMAN AND OZAWA i GUTTULINA ADHAERENS (Olszewski) var. CUSPIDATA Cushman and Ozawa, new variety Plate 6, figure 6 Polymorphina species, BURROWS, SHERBORN, and Baiupy, Journ. Roy. Mier. Soc., 1890, p. 561, pl. 11, fig. 15. Variety differing from the typical in the development of a distinct basal spine. Length including spine 0.50—-0.65 mm.; breadth 0.30-0.45 mm.; thickness 0.18—0.30 mm. Holotype of varvety—(Cushman Coll. No. 11209.) From the ¢ taceous, chalk marl of Folkestone, England. This variety is abundant in our collections from the chalk marl and Cambridge Greensand of the Saxon Cement Works, at Cambridge, England. Burrows, Sherborn, and Bailey’s specimen was from the Red Chalk in England. We also have it from the lower Cenomanian, Tecklienburg Wald, Westphalia, Germany. GUTTULINA PRAELONGA (Egger) SU Ys Plate 6, figures 8 a—c Polymorphina praelonga Eaarer, Neues Jahrb. fiir Min., Jahrg., 1857, p. 287, pl. 13, figs. 25-27—Trerqurem, Mém. Soc. Géol. France, sér. 3, vol. 1, 1878, p. 39, pl. 3 (8), figs. 20-21b— Jonrs and CHapman, Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., vol. 25, 1896, p. 511, fig. 20 (in text)—Baae, Maryland Geol. Surv. (Hocene), 1901, p. 249, pl. 68, fig. 14. Polymorphina (Globulina) angusta Eacrr, Neues Jahrb. fix Min., Jahrg. 1857, p. 290, pl. 13, figs. 18-15—ANpruaAn, Abhandl. Geol. Special- Karte Elsass-Lothringen, vol. 2, pt. 3, 1884, p. 210, pl. 9, fig. 17,—. Eeenr, Abhandl. kén. bay. Akad. Wiss., Miinchen, Cl. II, vol. 18, 1893, p. 308, pl. 9, figs. 5-7. Guitulina austriaca D’ORBIGNY var. angusta TERQUEM, Essai Class. Anim. Dunkerque, 1881, p. 130, pl. 17, fig. 5a, b. Polymorphina dispar TnRquEM, Hssai Class. Anim. Dunkerque, 1881, p. 139, pl. 17, fig. 4a, 6. Test elongate, more or less cylindrical, broadest below the middle, tapering toward the aperture, rounded at the initial end; chambers elongate, clavate, arranged in a quinqueloculine series, not much em- bracing; sutures depressed, distinct; wall smooth; apertural end often with fistulose tubes; aperture radiate. Length 0.45-0.95 mm.; breadth 0.22-0.38 mm.; thickness 0.10-0.16 mm. We have examined a paratype specimen of Eeger’s Polymorphina praelonga and are convinced that it is identical with Polymorphina angusta described by him in the same paper. Eeger’s Polymorphina praelonga is a full-grown specimen having one or two more chambers than Polymorphina angusta. The figures of Polymorphina praelonga Egger show the chambers arranged in a biserial series, but they are undoubtedly not well drawn. Terquem figured and described Polymorphina praelonga in 1878, which is the same as Polymorphina angusia Kgger. 38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 Terquem’s Guttulina austriaca var. angusta and Polymorphina dispar are also placed in the synonymy of the present species. The former has a slightly shorter test. The latter appears to have one or two more chambers than the usual specimens of Polymorphina praelonga. Polymorphina cylindrica Prochazka having a cylindrical test consisting of rather short chambers, is not much different from Poly- morphina angusta or Polymorphina austriaca var. angusia Terquem. Distribution —EKegger’s types are from the Miocene. We have a paratype of Egger’s from Ortenburg. The species occurs also in the Miocene of France at Dax and Le Coquillat, Leognan, France, as well as in the upper Oligocene (Stampien ) of Jeurs, France. All these localities have a fauna very closely related to that described by Egger. Somewhat similar specimens occur in widely different localities such as the upper end of Buzzards Bay, Mass., Kobama, Japan; Wool Bay, Yorkes Peninsula, west side of St. Vincent Gulf, Australia. Somewhat similar specimens occur in the Pliocene of Fiji and in the Eocene of the Isle of Wight, England, Grignon and Parnes (Les Béves), France, and in the Jackson of the United States. It is probable that these do not all represent a single species, but the specimens have a very similar arrangement and shape of the chambers. Some are clockwise and others contraclockwise in their arrangement, but the distinction does not seem to be constant. GUTTULINA GUTTIFORMIS (Terquem) Plate 6, figures 9 a-—c Polymorphina guttiformis TERquEM, Mém. Soe. Géol. France, sér. 3, vol. 1, 1878, p. 42, pl. 9 (14), fig. 24 a, b. Test slender, in front view an isosceles triangle, broadest at the base, tapering toward the apertural end; chambers cylindrical, arranged in a quinqueloculine series, but little embracing, all extending back nearly to the base; sutures depressed, distinct; wall smooth; aperture radiate. Length 0.65—-0.90 mm.; breadth 0.25-0.35 mm.; thickness 0.16—0.24 mm. This is one of the well marked species of Guttulina. Its test is elongated, but it is quite different from other elongate Guttulinas characterized by a botryoidal test, in having the chambers all extend- ing down to the base. The nearest ally of the present species is Gutiulina praelonga in which the chambers are much more inflated. Distribution We have specimens from the following localities: Miocene.—Burdigalien, France, St. Paul de Dax; Moulin de VEelise, Saucats. Oligocene.—Germany, Ahnatal, near Cassel; Hildesheimer Wald, Dickholzen, Hanover. ART.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—-C USHMAN AND OZAWA 39 GUTTULINA JARVISI Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 7, figures 4, 5 Test ovate, greatest breadth near the middle, broadly rounded at the base, more or less acute at the apertural end; chambers inflated, twice as long as wide, not much embracing, arranged in a clockwise, quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber removed regularly from the base giving a rounded appearance at the base; sutures de- pressed, distinct; wall smooth, thick; aperture radiate. : Length 0.90-1.80 mm.; breadth 0.80—-1.50 mm.; thickness 0.50— 1.00 mm. Holotype.—(Cushman Coll. No. 11226.) From Tertiary, lower marl, Cipero section, Trinidad. Tbe present species is generally very large, attaining to nearly 2 millimeters in length. In its general appearance, it has an intermediate character between Guttulina problema and Guttulina hantkent. From the former it differs in its rather broad base and much obliquely added chambers, and from the latter in its more or less elongate chambers, of which each succeeding one is not much removed from the base. Distribution Several specimens were found in the Tertiary material from Trinidad, collected by P. W. Jarvis. They are from the Eocene of the Cipero section and also from the ‘‘ Uvigerina bed”’ and the ‘‘upper marl’ of the same part of the island. We have a single specimen from Albatross D5318 off the Philippines which is very close to this species from Trinidad. GUTTULINA LEHNERI Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 8, figures 1, 2 Test ovate to clavate, broadest in the lower half, broadly rounded at the base, tapering to the apertural end; chambers elongated, embracing, arranged in a regular, quinqueloculine series; sutures not depressed, not very distinct; wall smooth, thick, often with fistulose tubes at the apertural portion; aperture radiate. Length 0.65-1.35 mm.; breadth 0.38-0.55 mm.; thickness 0.25— 0.36 mm. Holotype.—(Cushman Coll. No. 10436.) From Tertiary, lower marl, south end of Hospital Hill, San Fernando, British West Indies. Guttulina lehneri resembles Guttulina problema in general character, but it has elongated but not inflated chambers and nondepressed sutures, therefore its surface is quite even, and at a glance it can be easily separated from other Guttulinas. It is approaching Glo- bulina, but the chambers are arranged in a regular quinqueloculine series. Distribution —Rather common in the Tertiary of Trinidad. It occurs in the ‘‘lower marl’ of the Cipero section and also in the ““Sagrina beds”’ of Oropouche Lagoon, Trinidad. 40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 7 GUTTULINA YAMAZAKI Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 8, figures 3, 4 Test elongate, the base broadly rounded, uniformly tapering toward the apertural end; chambers elongated, especially in the later ones, arranged in a quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber slightly removed from the base; sutures but little depressed, distinct; wall smooth, rather thick; aperture radiate. Length 0.80-1.35 mm.; breadth 0.35-0.65 mm.; thickness 0.20— 0.45 mm. Holotype.— (Cat. No. 20950, U.S. N.M.) From Albatross D4807, in 44 fathoms off Cape Tsiuka, Japan. The elongated test composed of elongated chambers is very char- acteristic of the present species. The specific name is dedicated to Prof. N. Yamazaki, Geographical Institute, Imperial University of Tokyo. Distribution.—The species occurs living off Japan, and is fossil in the upper Pliocene. Recent —Albatross D4807, off Cape Tsiuka, Japan, 44 fathoms. Tuscarora 11, in 437 fathoms. Pliocene.—Natsukawa, Province of Echigo, Japan. GUTTULINA KISHINOUYI Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 8, figures 5, 6 Test elongated, the greatest breadth in the lower half, broadly rounded at the base but pointed at the initial end, gradually tapering toward the aperture; chambers much elongated, roundly triangular in cross section, embracing, arranged in a clockwise quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber but little removed from the base; sutures slightly depressed, distinct; wall smooth, polished; aperture radiate. Length 0.52—0.95 mm.; breadth 0.30—0.40 mm.; thickness 0.18—0.25 mm. Holotype —(Cushman Coll. No. 11234.) From the upper Pliocene, Natsukawa, Province of Echigo, Japan. (Paratypes, Geological Institute, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan.) The present species resembles Gutiulina yamazaku found in the same region in its elongated test composed of long chambers. However, it has more slender chambers which are invariably but little removed from the base, and the chambers are embracing and much more strongly involute than those of G. yamazaki. The species is named for the late Professor Kishinouyi, of Japan, whom we both claimed as a friend. Distribution.—Recent specimens are from Albatross dredgings, China Sea, off Formosa, D5315, in 148 fathoms, and D5585 Sibuko Bay, Borneo in 476 fathoms. It also occurred at Tuscarora 11, lat. 33° 46’ N., long. 140° 21’ EK. in 437 fathoms. art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 41 GUTTULINA BAILEY Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 9, figures 1, 2 Test large, ovate, broadly rounded at the base; chambers elongated, especially the later ones, numerous, not much embracing, arranged in a quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber removed farther from the base in the early stage, but little in the later stage; sutures depressed, but not very distinct; wall thick, smooth; aperture radiate. Length 1.15-1.55 mm.; breadth 0.70—0.80 mm.; thickness 0.50- 0.60 mm. Holotype —(Cat. No. 20951, U.'S.N.M.) From Albatross D2416, lat. 31° 26’ N., long. 79° 07’ W., in 276 fathoms off the southeastern coast of the United States. The present species is one of the largest among our collection of Poly- morphinidae. Its early stage is just the same as Gutiulina problema, but it has more numerous chambers, and the later chambers are much elongated and often added in a spiral series. It may be interesting to compare the present species with Sigmomorpha crassa, which is very large and in its early stage resembles Gutiulina problema, but later the chambers are more or less shortened and added in a sigmoid series instead of a quinqueloculine series as in the present species. It is named for Prof. J. W. Bailey, one of the early American workers on the foraminifera. Distribution —Besides the type loeality, we have material very similar from Albatross D5151, 24 fathoms, Tawi Tawi Group, Philippines. GUTTULINA ROEMERI (Reuss) Plate 9, figures 3 a—c Globulina roemert Reuss, Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 18, 1855 (1856), _ p. 245, pl. 6, fig. 63. Gutiulina deformata Reuss, Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 18, 1855 (1856), p. 245, pl. 6, fig. 64. Polymorphina uvula Eager, Neues Jahrb. fir Min., Jahrg. 1857, p. 285, pl. 10, figs. 26-29. Guttulina dubia AWERINZEW, Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, vol. 29, No. 3, 1911, p. 19, pi., figs. 4 a—d. Polymorphina deflera GrzyBpowski, Mikrofauna Karpackiego piaskowka Z. Pod. Dukli Krakowie, 1894, p. 16, pl. 3, figs. 1, 2. Polymorphina sororia CHAPMAN, Bull. Geol. Surv., W. Australia, No. 72, 1917, p. 34, pl. 10, fig. 92. Test ovoid to oblong, almost roundiy triangular in the end view, the greatest breadth above the middle, rounded at the base; chambers inflated, oval, embracing, arranged in a nearly triserial series; sutures slightly depressed, distinct; wall thick, smooth; aperture radiate. Length 0.70-1.80 mm.; breadth 0.50-1.00 mm.; thickness 0.38-0.75 mm. 42 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 In its general aspect excepting for the depressed sutures, Gutiulina roemert bears much resemblance to Globulina rotundata. It is not difficult to separate them if one examines closely their earlier stages. By taking off one chamber from such specimens as Globulina obtusa or G. globosa figured by Bornemann, they are very close to Globulina gibba. On the other hand, Guttulina roemeri is undoubtedly derived from such a form as Guttulina problema by losing the quinqueloculine arrangement of chambers and the chambers becoming more inflated and embracing. The sutures, therefore, are always more or less depressed. Globulina roemeri figured by Reuss appears to us not to represent the typical form of the species. Although its sutures are depressed, it resembles Globulina rotundata in its general aspect. Guttulina deformata described by Reuss in the same paper as the above species, with its test almost triangular in the end view is close to Grzybowski’s Polymorphina deflexa from the Miocene of Kurope. Such a form as the latter is of the most common occurrence in various deposits. In the synonymy of the present species, Egger’s Polymorphina uvula may be placed with some doubts. Egger’s specimens are apparently very variable, but they have invariably triangular sections and the chambers are separated by the depressed sutures and arranged in a nearly triserial series. Awerinzew’s Poly- morphina dubia is close to the present species, the difference being mainly in the one extra chamber, and is undoubtedly to be placed in the synonymy of the present species. Distribution.—Specimens referred to this species are in our collec- tion from the following localities: Recent.—Off Tripoli. Pliocene.—Crag of Sutton, England. Miocene.—Austria, Tortonian, Amphistegina marl of Grunes Kreuz, Nussdorf, Vienna. France, Burdigalien moyen, Le Coquillat, Leog- nan. United States, Choctawhatchee marl, Red Bay, Fla. Oligocene.—Germany, Ahnatal, near Cassel; Doberg, near Biinde. Mexico, near Cuesta Blanca, Zacamixtle, Vera Cruz. GUTTULINA ROEMERI (Reuss) var. GIGAS (Karrer) Plate 9, figures 4 a—c Polymorphina gigas Karrpr, Abhandl. k. k. geol. Reichsanst, vol. 9, 1877, p. 384, pl. 16 b, fig. 44. Variety differing from the typical by the more compressed and compact test and less depressed sutures with the apertural end more tapering. Length 0.75 mm.; breadth 0.38 mm.; thickness 0.35 mm. Ozawa examined the original specimen in the Museum of Natural History, Vienna, and found that the species is very close to Guttulina art.6 FORAMINIFHERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—-CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 43 roemeri in its general aspects. We have three specimens from the original locality: Tortonian, Grunes Kreuz, Nussdorf, Vienna Basin, Austria. GUTTULINA LACTEA (Walker and Jacob) Plate 10, figures 1-4 Serpula tenuis ovalis laevis WALKER and Jacos, Test. Min., 1784, p. 2, pl. 1, fig. 5. Sebuls lactea WALKER and Jacos (fide Kanmacher), Adams Essays, ed. 2, 1798, p. 634, pl. 14, fig. 4. Polymor phina lactea WittIaAMson, Recent Foram. Gt. Britain, 1858, p. 70, pl. 6, figs. 145-152_H. B. Brapy, Proc. Somerset Arch. Nat. Hist. Soc., vol.13, 1865-66 (1867), p. 114, pl. 3, fig. 49 —H. B. Brapy, Parkur, and Jones, Trans. Linn. Soc., vol. 27, 1870, p. 213, pl. 39, figs. 1 a, b (not 1 c).—TERQuEM, Essai Class. Anim. Dunkerque, 1875, p. 37, pl. 5, fig. 12; 1876, p. 79, pl. 10, figs. 19, 20.—Bagaea, U.S. Geol. Survey, Bull. 518, 1912, p. 71, pl. 21, fig. 12 (not fig. 16 a, b)—CusHman, Bull. 104, U.S. Nat. Mus., pt. 4, 1928, p. 146, pl. 39, fig. 9 (not fig. 11). Guttulina lactea Ozawa, Contr. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 5, 1929, p. 36, pl. 6, figs. 6-10. Guttulina deplanata Reuss, Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 18, 1855 (1856), p. 246, pl. 6, fig. 67. Test ovate, rounded triangular in section, tapering but little, rounded at the base; chambers elongate, somewhat compressed, arranged in a contraclockwise, quinqueloculine series, often tending to become a sigmoid series, each succeeding chamber very slightly removed from the base; sutures depressed, distinct; wall smooth, translucent; aperture radiate. Length 0.60-0.85 mm.; breadth 0.35-0.40 mm.; thickness 0.20—0.28 mm. . This is the earliest figured species belonging to the family of the Polymorphinidae, obtained in the sand of the seashore near Sandwich, England. Although the figures are small and can be hardly con- sidered as well drawn, and moreover, the description being very simple, yet they are sufficient to show that the figured specimen has a rather compressed test, the chambers of which are arranged in a contraclockwise, quinqueloculine series, and in these respects it has the same characters as one of the forms figured by Williamson in the Foraminifera of Great Britain, 1858.2 Wilhamson’s other two figures identified as Polymorphina lactea are different from Figure 147 in their acute initial end and biserial arrangement of later chambers. They are similar to Polymorphina subcompressa d’Orbigny (= Poly- morphina compressa d’Orbigny). Such a biserial Polymorphina is also described by Fleming under the name of Vermiculwm lacteum as early as 1822. Williamson’s figure is well drawn and was taken by Brady, Parker, and Jones as a typical specimen representing Poly- 9 Pl. 6, fig. 147. 4A. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you. 77 morphina lactea in their monograph of the Genus Polymorphina. They apparently fixed the species very well, but they placed many different species in the synonymy of Polymorphina lactea, which led later authors into confusion, and since the publication of their paper the name Polymorphina lactea has been used very often, and accord- ingly the species has been mistaken. Probably no other species in Foraminifera has been more misunderstood than the present one. We have examined shallow sea foraminiferal material obtained from off England, Ireland, and Iceland and isolated many specimens which ean be identified with Polymorphina lactea, which are tolerably definite in their essential characters—ventricose test with depressed sutures, the elongate chambers arranged in a contraclockwise, quin- queloculine series—but often the test tends to become compressed by losing the quinqueloculine arrangement of chambers, that is, the later chambers have a tendency to be arranged in a sigmoid series. Gutiulina deplanata, described by Reuss in 1856 from the upper Oligocene of Cassel, Germany, is a compressed variety of the present species. [t is rather common in the sand of Cassel, and we have many specimens from Cassel which show the same range of variation as does Gutiulina lactea in a series of Recent specimens. Distribution.—This is one of the most common species found in the shallow sea off England, Iceland, and Ireland. In the fossil state it is not as common as in the Recent. We have the species from the following localities: Recent.—Ten miles off Glencoe, southwest Ireland, 53 fathoms; Nymph Bank, south of Cork Harbor, Ireland, 52% fathoms; off Bantry Bay, southwest Ireland, 100 fathoms; coast of Belgium; Coast of Iceland; Labrador; bathing beach, Newport, R. I.; Dry Tortugas, Fla., 18 fathoms; Montego Bay, Jamaica; Albatross D2112, Caribbean, 15% fathoms; D2614, east coast United States, 16 fathoms; D4856, coast of Japan, 898 fathoms; D5311, Philippines. Phiocene.—Japan, Natsukawa, Province of Hchigo. Italy, Castel Arquato. . Méitocene—France, Burdigalien inferieur, Moulin de 1’Helise, Saucats; Le Coquillat, Leognan. Oligocene—Germany, Ahnatal, near Cassel; Hildesheimer Wald, Dickholzen, Hanover. Hocene.—France, Lutetien, Parnes (Les Boves); Lutetien moyen, Grignon. We art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA <0 GUTTULINA LACTEA (Walker and Jacob) var. EARLANDI Cushman and Ozawa, new variety Plate 10, figure 5 Polymorphina concava JoNES (not Williamson), Foram. Crag, pt. 3, 1896, p. 264, pl. 5, fig. 22—Hpron-ALLEN and Harianp, Journ. Roy. Mier. Soe., 1909, p. 431, pl. 17, fig. 6. Polymorphina lactea var. concava SipEBoTTOM, Mem. Proc. Manchester Lit. Philos. Soc., vol. 51, No. 9, 1907, p. 14, pl. 3, figs. 8, 9. Variety differing from the typical in the attached character. it holds to the short form seen in the early stages of G. lactea. Distribution —From the records the variety has been found Recent in the Mediterranean, in the Pliocene (Crag) of Sutton, England, and at Selsey, England. GUTTULINA SCHAFFERI Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 11, figures 1 a-c Test oval, but little compressed; chambers more or less longer than wide, arranged in a nearly quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber removed from the base; sutures but little depressed, not very distinct; wall ornamented by rather strong, uniformly distrib- uted spines; aperture radiate. Length of holotype 0.65 mm.; breadth 0.42 mm.; thickness 0.25 mm. Holotype —(Cushman Coll. No. 11259.) From the Miocene, Tor- tonian, Amphistegina marl of Grunes Kreuz, Nussdorf, near Vienna, _ Austria. (Paratypes, Geological Institute, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan.) The shape of the test and the arrangement of chambers of the present species are very similar to Guitulina deformata, but the chambers are more slender and the surface is uniformly ornamented by blunt spines. The specific name is given for Prof. F. X. Schaffer, Director of the Geological and Paleontological Department of the Museum of Natural History in Vienna. Distribution —Specimens were collected from the Amphistegina mari at Grunes Kreuz in the Vienna Basin. GUTTULINA WOODSI Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 11, figures 2 a—c Test fusiform, greatest breadth slightly above the middle; chain- bers rather inflated, not much longer than broad, embracing, arranged in a nearly quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber farther removed from the base; sutures but little depressed, distinct; wall rather thin, smooth; aperture produced, radiate. Length 0.35 mm.; breadth 0.15 mm.; thickness 0.15 mm. Holotype—(Cushman Coll. No. 11260.) From the Cretaceous, lower Gault, of Barnwell Pit, Cambridge, England. 46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 Guttulina woodst resembles the Cretaceous Guttulina elliptica, described from Bohemia by Reuss, in its general outline, but Reuss’s species is more or less compressed and the chambers are shorter. We have some doubts about the arrangement of chambers of Reuss’s species. . The specific name is given for Doctor Woods of the Sedgwick Museum of Cambridge, England. GUTTULINA QUINQUECOSTA Cushman and Ozawa Plate 11, figures 3 a-c Guttulina quinquecosta CUSHMAN and Ozawa, MS. in Cushman and Valen- tine, Contrib. Dept. Geol., Stanford Univ., vol. 1, 1930, p. 19, pl. 5, figs. Ga-c. Test oblong, greatest breadth above the middle, regularly tapering toward the base which ends in a spine; chambers inflated, shghtly longer than broad, not much embracing, arranged in a quinquelocu- line series, each succeeding chamber removed farther from the base; sutures depressed, generally distinct, especially those of the later chambers; wall thick, smooth, ornamented at its basal portion with five more or less strong costae starting from the caudal spine radiating in five directions in accordance with the quinqueloculine arrangement of chambers; aperture slightly produced, radiate. Length 0.40-0.90 mm.; breadth 0.25—0.50 mm.; thickness 0.20—-0.40 mm. Holotype —(Cushman Coll. No. 11930.) From off the Channel Islands, Calif. In its general outline it is similar to Guttulina yaber, but it is smaller and invariably ornamented by five costae at its basal portion, as in the case of Guttulina costatula, which is an entirely ornamented and much smaller species. Distribution.—It seems to be limited to the California coast, where it occurs in the Pliocene and Pleistocene and also as a Recent species. GUTTULINA PAALZOWI Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 11, figures 4 a, b Test elongate fusiform, obtuse at. the initial end, acute at the apertural end; chambers elongated but little inflated, much embrac- ing, arranged in a quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber farther removed from the base; sutures but little depressed, often obscure; wall thick, smooth; aperture radiate. Length 1.40-1.70 mm.; breadth 0.50-0.55 mm.; thickness 0.40-0.45 mm. Holotype.-—(Cushman Coll. No. 11265.) From the Upper Creta- ceous of Maastricht, Holland. art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE CUSHMAN AND OZAWA AT The present species is one of the most elongated and slender forms of Guttulina, and is comparable in its general outline to Pyrulina, but its chambers are arranged in a nearly quinqueloculine series. It may be considered to be an elongated, specialized form of the Cretaceous Guitulina woodsi. The species is named for Mr. Richard Paalzow, from whom the Cretaceous material of Maastricht was obtained. Distribution.—It is only known from the Upper Cretaceous mate- rial from Maastricht where it is rather common. GUTTULINA EMERSONI (Bagg) Plate 11, figure 6 Polymorphina emersoni Baae, Bull. 88, U. 8. Geol. Survey, 1898, p. 60, pl. 6, fig. 3—WetwieER, Geol. Survey New Jersey, Paleontology, vol. 4, 1907, p. 249, pl. 3, fig. 19. We have no specimens comparable with the present species. Bagg’s figure is not enough to give any definite idea of the species, and we can not with certainty determine to what genus it belongs. It is probably a Guttulina. If it is, it may be a young specimen having two chambers or possibly three. Bageg’s description runs as follows: “Test elongate oval, oral end acute, posterior obtusely rounded; surface of test covered completely by fine longitudinal costae; cham- bers two, elongated, oblique, separated by nearly straight septa slightly marked near the posterior end, depressed at the peripheral margin; aperture rotund.” The type locality is from the Cretaceous, Monmouth formation, Freehold, N. J., recorded as very rare. GUTTULINA DAWSONI Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 12, figures 1, 2 Test elongated, the greatest breadth in the upper half, uniformly tapering to the base; chambers elongated, more than three times as long as wide, not much embracing, arranged in a contraclockwise, quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber much farther re- moved from the base; sutures slightly depressed, distinct; wall rather thin, smooth; aperture radiate. Normal forms, length 0.90-1.00 mm.; breadth 0.33-0.38 mm.; thickness 0.30—-0.35 mm. Holotype—(Cushman Coll. No. 11267.) From Gaspé Bay, Province of Quebec, Canada. We also have specimens from Hudson Bay, bay on east coast, south of Black Whale Harbor. The present elongated species is somewhat similar to Guttulina paalzowi from the Upper Cretaceous of Maastricht in the general 48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 appearance, but its chambers are arranged in a contraclockwise series instead of a clockwise series, as in G. paalzour. Moreover, its test has the greatest breadth in the upper half, while G. paalzowi is elongated fusiform. The species is named for G. M. Dawson, one of the early workers on American foraminifera. GUTTULINA COSTULATA (Cushman) Plate 12, figures 3 a, b Polymorphina cuspidata H. B. Brapy var. costulata CusuMan, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 129-F, 1922, p. 133, pl. 81, fig. 1; Prof. Paper 133, 1923, p. 32. Test elongate, fusiform, a strong spine at the base; chambers elon- gated, inflated, not much embracing, arranged in a quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber removed farther from the base; sutures depressed, distinct; wall ornamented by strong, continuous, bladelike costae rather widely separated from each other; aperture radiate. Length of holotype 0.70 mm.; breadth 0.20 mm. The present species is one of the most clearly marked species of Guttulina. In its general outline, it resembles Guttulina pulchella d’Orbigny from which it is easily distinguished by its strong bladelike costae entirely covering the test and a large spine at the base. Distribution.—Cushman reported it from the lower Oligocene, Mint Spring marl, Mint Spring Bayou, Vicksburg, Miss. Specimens which seem identical occur in the lower Pliocene of Beaumaris, near Mel- bourne, Victoria, Australia. As it occurs slightly earlier in the fossil series, this may be the ancestral form of Pseudopolymorphina rutila, which in its earlier stages is Gutiulina-like, but later becomes definitely a Pseudopolymorphina. This is another of the interesting species connecting the lower Oligo- cene of the United States with the late Tertiary and Recent faunas of the Australian region. GUTTULINA SEMICOSTATA (Marsson) Plate 15, figures 8 a—c Polymorphina semicostata Marsson, Mitth. Nat. Ver. Neu-Vorpommern. u. Riigen, Jahrg. 10, 1878, p. 150, pl. 2, figs. 19 a-c.—F Ranke, Abhandl. geol. pal. Instit. Univ. Greifswald, vol. 6, 1925, p. 78, pl. 6, fig. 21. Polymorphina var. Wricut, Proc. Belfast Nat. Field Club, Appendix, 1885-86, p. 331, pl. 27, figs. 18, 14—Jonrs and Cuapman, Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., vol. 25, 1896, p. 509, fig. 3 (in text). Test globular, broadest above the middle, more or less obtuse at the initial end; chambers rounded, much inflated, but little embracing, arranged in a quinqueloculine series, each succeeding chamber art.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA 49 removed farther from the base; sutures much depressed, distinct; wall partly ornamented by longitudinal costae independent of the sutures; aperture radiate. Polymorphina semicostata was first described by Marsson from the uppermost Cretaceous of Riigen. His figures are apparently well drawn, but seem to us not to give fully the details of the species, especially as the arrangement of chambers is not drawn in sufficient detail. Franke quite recently figured Marsson’s specimen. His figure shows a nearly quinqueloculine arrangement of chambers char- acteristic of Guttulina. Wright figures similar specimens from the Cretaceous of Keady Hill, County Derry, Ireland. We have some material from the Cretaceous of Rigen, but could not find any speci- men like the present one, and accordingly Marsson’s figures are repro- duced in the present paper. Distribution—Only known from the Upper Cretaceous (upper Senonian) of Rigen; very rare. GUTTULINA SADOENSIS (Cushman and Ozawa) Plate 37, figures 1, 2 Sigmomorpha sadoensis CUSHMAN and Ozawa, Contr. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 4, 1928, p. 17, pl. 2, fig. 11; Jap. Journ. Geol. Geogr., vol. 6, 1929, p. 73, pl. 18, figs. 9-11; pl. 16, figs. 2—4. Test more or less rhomboid, greatest breadth usually below the middle, generally triangular in end view; chambers numerous, elon- gate, two to three times as long as broad, varying considerably in the amount of overlapping, some of the specimens with the chambers almost extending down to the base, others with the chambers con- siderably above the base and the last-formed chamber in the adult often not reaching back more than halfway to the base of the test; chambers arranged in a quinqueloculine series, often becoming sig- moidal; sutures depressed, distinct; wall thick but translucent, smooth; aperture radiate. Length of holotype 0.83 mm.; breadth 0.50 mm.; thickness 0.36 mm. The present species has rather slender, clavate chambers arranged in a quinqueloculine series, which in later stages often tends to . become sigmoidal. We took the present species as the genotype of Sigmomorpha, but we think it better to include it in Guttulina. It is an intermediate form between Gutiulina and Sigmomorphina. Distribution.—It is only known from the Pliocene of Japan, at Sawané, Island of Sado in the Sea of Japan, where it is very abundant. 921098 Osean 50 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 GUTTULINA (SIGMOIDINA) PACIFICA (Cushman and Ozawa) Plate 37, figures 3-5 Sigmoidella (Sigmoidina) pacifica CusHMAN and Ozawa, Contr. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 4, 1928, p. 19, pl. 2, fig. 18; Jap. Journ. Geol. Geogr., vol. 6, 1929, p. 77, pl. 16, figs. 12, 13. Polymorphina elegantissima CHAPMAN (not H. B. Brady, Parker, and Jones), New Zealand Geol. Surv., Pal. Bull. No. 11, 1926, p. 67, pl. 138, fig. 10. Test ovate, the greatest breadth below the middle, acuminate toward the aperture; chambers elongated, more or less inflated, arranged in either clockwise or contraclockwise, quinqueloculine series, earlier chambers invisible from the exterior, each succeeding chamber involves the earlier one; suture depressed, distinct; wall smooth, rather thick; aperture radiate. Measurements of the holotype specimen as follows: Length 0.76 mm.; breadth 0.53 mm.; thickness 0.31 mm. Holotype.—(Cat. No. 20313, U.S.N.M.) From Albatross D5318, China Sea near Formosa, 340 fathoms. Distribution.—We also have specimens from the following: Recent.—Albatross D5315, China Sea near Formosa, 148 fathoms; from off Kobama, Sea of Japan; from off Terao Miura, Japan; off Poor Knight’s Islands, New Zealand, 60 fathoms; off the Snares, New Zealand. Miocene.—Chuthulin, Batesford, Victoria, Australia. GUTTULINA (SIGMOIDINA) SEGUENZANA (H. B. Brady) Plate 37, figures 8, 9 Polymorphina seguenzana H. B. Brapy, Rep. Voy. Challenger, Zoology, vol. 9, 1884, p. 567, pl. 72, figs. 16, 17. Test elongate, fusiform, compressed on three sides; broadest some- what below the center, tapering gradually toward the apertural end and somewhat more rapidly toward the opposite extremity, which finishes in a sharp point; segments few in number, only three visible externally, long, narrow, erect; surface smooth, sutures marked by -fine lines without external depressions. Length 1.6 mm. The trifacial compression of the test, its acuminate initial end, and the erect position of the segments are sufficient to distinguish the species from its near allies. This is an unusual species among the Polymorphinidae. It appears to have a triserial arrangement of chambers like 7riloculina, but both ends are acute. The above description is from Brady. Distribution.—Very rare off the Ki Islands, southwest of New Guinea, 129 fathoms; Port Jackson, New South Wales, 2-10 fathoms. ant.6 FORAMINIFERA: POLYMORPHINIDAE—CUSHMAN AND OZAWA Ol GUTTULINA (SIGMOIDINA) SILVESTRII Cushman and Ozawa, new species Plate 37, figures 6, 7 Test almost circular in outline, much inflated in the central part, periphery more or less angular; chambers elongated, arranged in either clockwise or contraclockwise, quinqueloculine series, involute, extra chamber short, inflated, not extending down to the base; sutures very little depressed, distinct; wall smooth, rather thick; aperture radiate. Length 0.60-1.25 mm.; breadth 0.60-1.05 mm.; thickness 0.40- 0.65 mm. Holotype —(Cushman Coll. No. 9863.) Krom the Miocene (Jan- jukian), Filter quarry, Batesford, near Victoria, Australia. It differs from Sigmoidina pacifica in its circular test, more angulate peripheries and very slightly depressed sutures. It may be specially noted here that when the present species has an extra chamber the chamber is added in the same series as the arrangement of the earlier ones, although it is much shorter and does not extend down to the base. (See pl. 37, fig. 7a.) From this fact it is easily understood that the species is not a young stage of Sigmovdella elegantissima. Gutiulina disciformis, reported by Terquem from the Plhocene of the Isle of Rhodes, is very similar to the present species and may represent either a young stage or the megalospheric form of the species, but it has a rounded periphery, and it may be possible that the speci- men is the young of some other species, such as Sigmoidella elegan- fissuma, which we found in the Miocene of Pontlevoy, France. There- fore we do not like to place these specimens under such an ambiguous species as G. disciformis. The species is named for Prof. A. Silvestri of Milan. Distribution. —Recent from Australia, New Zealand and the Philip- pines; fossil in the Miocene of Australia. We have specimens from the following localities: Recent —Australia, Wool Bay, Yorkes Peninsula, west side of St. Vincent Gulf, South Australia; Hardwick Bay, east side of Spencer Gulf; New Zealand, Oamaru, 50 fathoms; off the Big King, 98 fathoms. Miocene.—Australia, Janjukian, Filter quarries, Batesford, Victoria. Genus PYRULINA 4d’Orbigny, 1826 PYRULINA GUTTA d’Orbigny Plate 13, figures 1 a-c Pyrulina gutta D’OrRBiaNy, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, 1826, p. 267, No. 28, model 30.—Ozawa, Contr. Cushman Lab. Foram. Res., vol. 5, 1929, p. 39, pl. 6, figs. 4, 5. Polymorphina gutta H. B. Brapy, Parkmr, and Jonres (not d’Orbigny), Trans. Linn. Soc., vol. 27, 1870, p. 218, pl. 39, figs. 3a, b SHERBORN and CHapman, Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc., ser. 2, vol. 6, 1886, p. 755, pl. 16, fig. 6[?]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 Gyr bO Polymorphina clavata RomEMER, Neues Jahrb.f. Min., etc., 1838, p. 386, pl. 3, fig. 38. PAL amygdaloides CusHMAN (not Reuss), U. 8S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 133, 1928, p. 32, pl. 4, fig. 9. Test clavate, rounded at the base, tapering toward the apertural end, margin entire; chambers rounded, embracing, arranged at first in an almost triserial series, later tending to become biserial; sutures not depressed, distinct; wall smooth; aperture radiate, pointed. Length 0.50-0.60 mm.; breadth 0:18-0.25 mm.; thickness 0.18— 0.25 mm. The original specimen (in paleontological department, Museum of Natural History, Jardin des Plantes, Paris) is lost. D’Orbigny’s figures represent the species fairly well, although his basal view showing the arrangement of chambers is not well drawn as. far as the figure of the side view is concerned. D’Orbigny’s specimen was obtained from the Pliocene at Castel-Arquato. We have: examined material from the same locality, but we could not obtain any specimen resembling his species. The specimen figured here was. found in the Eocene material from Wansin in Belgium, and the speci- men is very much like d’Orbigny’s model in every respect. Our specimen presents an arrangement of chambers not strictly triserial,. at first somewhat triserial, but later tending to become biserial. As. d’Orbigny’s original specimen is lost and his figure of the basal view apparently is not well drawn, the figure showing the side view is the only means of knowing how the chambers of d’Orbigny’s specimen are arranged. Judging from his figure, at least the later chambers of his species appear to be arranged in an almost biserial series, which seems to be the usual arrangement in a group of elongate, cylindrical Polymorphinidae. D’Orbigny compared his species with Soldani’s Polymorphium. pyryformium figured in the Testaceographia. Soldani’s specimen: resembles Pyrulina gutia in its shape, but judging from the figure it seems to have fewer chambers, and it may be considered to a be a young stage of Pyrulina gutta, but it is characterized by a peculiar sigmoid suture, in which point it is quite distinct, and therefore it is. advisable not to place it in the synonymy of P. gutta. On the other hand, Polymorphina (Globulina) clavata figured by Roemer from the German middle Oligocene, considered from _his- figure, very closely resembles Pyrulina gutta. We have additional specimens from the Eocene of France, Lutetien. of Grignon, Chaussy and Courtagnon; also from the Eocene, Brackle- sham beds XVII and XVITI, White Cliff Bay, Isle of Wight, England. 80. From Jurassic, Kimmeridge clay, Ely, England. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Eoguttulina liassica (Strickland). % 80. From Jurassic, lower Lias, Chettenham, Gloucestershire, England. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Eoguttulina anglica Cushman and Ozawa. X 45. From Cretaceous, Cambridge greensand, Saxon Cement Works, Cambridge, England. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Quadrulina rhabdogonioides (Chapman). 40. (After Chapman.) Cre- taceous, lower Greensand, Bargate beds of Surrey, Littleton, England. a, side view; 6, apertural view. . Quadrulina frondicularioides (Chapman). XX 45. (After Chapman.) Cretaceous, lower Greensand, Bargate beds of Surrey, Littleton, England. a, side view; 6, apertural view. . Quadrulina lagenalis (Terquem). (After Terquem.) Lower Lias, Quen- leu-les-Metz, France. a, side view; 6, apertural view. Guttulina bulloides (Reuss). > 30. From Miocene of Pontlevoy, France. 7, Young specimen. 8 a, b, side views; 8 ¢ basal view. . Guttulina adhaerens (Olszewski). > 40. From Cretaceous, Chalkmazrl, Saxon Cement Works, Cambridge, England. a. 6, side views; c, basal view. Guttulina bartschi Cushman and Ozawa. X 45. From Albatross D5178, 78 fathoms off Romblon, Philippines. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 146 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 1 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 146. PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 2 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 147 PLATE 2 All figures Guttulina problema d’Orbigny Fries. 1, 2. From Pliocene, Castel Arquato, Italy. X 45. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 3, 4. From Miccene, Burdigalien inferieur, Le Coquillat, Leognan, France. x 35. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 5. From Upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. 45. 6. From Cretaceous, Flysch, Austria. > 35. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. 147 PLATE 3 Fies. 1. Gultulina problema d’Orbigny. > 45. Pliocene, Stazzano, Italy. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 2, 3. Guttulina orientalis Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Pliocene, Sawane, Island of Sado, Japan. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 4, 5. Guttulina irregularis (d’Orbigny). Miocene, Tortonian, A mphistegina marl, Nussdorf, near Vienna, Austria. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 4, adult. X 25. 5, young. X 35. 148 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 3 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 148. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 149. o> oJ PLATE 4 . Guttulina frankei Cushman and Ozawa. 45. Middle Oligocene, Sdllingen, Germany. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. . Guttulina trigonula (Reuss). > 80. Cretaceous, Lower Gault, Cam- bridge Brickyard, Cambridge, England. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . . Guttulina austriaca d’Orbigny. 45. Miocene, brickyard of Baden, near Vienna, Austria. 3, 4, early stages. 5, adult. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. . Guttulina yabet Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Pliocene, Sawané, Island of Sado, Japan. 6a, b, side views of young specimen. 7, adult, a, side view; b, basal view. 149 Puate 5 Fies. 1, 2. Guttulina spicaeformis (Roemer). > 45. Oligocene, Diisseldorf, Germany. a, b, side views; c, basal view. ; 3. Guttulina spicaeformis (Roemer) var. australis (d’Orbigny). > 45. Recent, off Loggerhead Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla., 18 fathoms. a, b, side views; c, basal view. , 4-6. Guttulina hantkent Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Eocene, New Jersey. 4a, early stage; b, adult. 6, holotype. Kleinzeller near Ofen, Hungary. Adult. 7. Guttulina pulchella d’Orbigny. > 45. Recent, off Loggerhead Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla., 18 fathoms. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 150 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL.5 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 150. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL.6 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 151. Fies. 1, 2. PLATE 6 Guttulina regina (H. B. Brady, Parker, and Jones). 45. 1, young specimen from Newcastle Beach, New South Wales. 2, adult from off Tawi Tawi Group, Philippines, 34 fathoms. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Guttulina costatula Galloway and Wissler. XX 65. Pleistocene, Lomita Quarry, Palos Verdes Hills, California. a, side view; }, basal view. . Guttulina caudata d’Orbigny. X 80. 4, young specimen, Eocene, Lutetien moyen, Grignon, France. 5, older specimen, Eocene, Lutetien, Vaudancourt, France. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Guttulina adhaerens (Olszewski) var. cuspidata Cushman and Ozawa, n. var. X 45. Cretaceous, chalk marl, Folkestone, England. Guttulina adhaerens (Olszewski). 45. Cretaceous, chalk marl, Folkestone, England. a, side view; 6, basal view. . Guttulina praelonga (Egger). 35. Upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. . Guttulina guttiformis(Terquem). > 45. Miocene, Burdigalien inferieur, Le Coquillat, Leognan, France. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 151 PLATE 7 Fias. 1, 2. Guttulina irregularis (d’Orbigny). > 45. Early stages, middle Oligocene, Hermsdorf, near Berlin, Germany. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. 3. Guttulina irregularis d’Orbigny var. nipponensis Cushman and Ozawa,n.var. 45. Upper Pliocene, Okuwa, Province of Kaga, Japan. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. 4, 5. Guttulina jarvisi Cushman and Ozawa. X 30. Eocene, Cipero section, Trinidad, British West Indies. 4, young. 5, adult. a, b, side views; c, basal view. PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 7 S. NATIONAL MUSEUM U. FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 152. PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 8 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 153. PLATE 8 Fies. 1, 2. Guttulina lehneri Cushman and Ozawa. X 85. Eocene, San Fer- 2, adult. nando, Trinidad, British West Indies. 1, young, De Holotype. 3, 4. Guttulina yamazakit Cushman and Ozawa. Natsukawa, Province of Echigo, Japan. tros D4807, off Japan. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 5, 6. Guttulina kishinowyi Cushman and Ozawa. X 40. Upper Pliocene, Natsukawa, Province of Echigo, Japan. 5, holotype. 6, paratype. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 927,09 30 ——— 1h < 35. 3, upper Pliocene, 4, holotype, from Alba- 153 PLATE 9 Fiaes. 1, 2. Guttulina baileyi Cushman and Ozawa. 30. 1, Holotype, Albatross D2416, coast of Carolina, 276 fathoms. 2, Albatross D5151, off Tawi Tawi Group, Philippines, 24 fathoms. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 3. Guttulina roemeri (Reuss). X 45. Upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 4. Guttulina roemeri (Reuss) var. gigas (Karrer). > 60. Miocene, Tor- tonian, Amphistegina marl, Grunes Kreuz, Nussdorf, near Vienna, Austria. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 154 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 9 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 154. PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 10 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 155 PLatTE 10 Fias. 1-4. Guttulina lactea (Walker and Jacob). 1, copied from Walker and Jacob’s original figure. 2-4, from off Bantry Bay, southwest Ireland, 3714 fathoms. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 5. Guttulina lactea (Walker and Jacob) var. earlandi Cushman and Ozawa, n. var. X 65. Selsey Bill, England (After Heron-Allen and Ear- land). 6, 7. Pseudopolymorphina variata (Jones, Parker, and H. B. Brady) var. fischeri (Terquem). 6, adult. Pliocene, Crag, Sutton, England. < 30. 7, young. a,b, side views; c, basal view. 45. Miocene, Burdigalien inferieur, Moulin de |’Eglise, Saucats, France. 155 Fig. 1. 6. PuatTeE 11 Guttulina schafferi Cushman and Ozawa. 45. Tortonian, Amphi- stegina marl, Grunes Kreuz, Nussdorf, near Vienna, Austria. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. . Guttulina woodst Cushman and Ozawa. XX 80. Cretaceous, lower Gault, Barnwell pit, Cambridge, England. . Guttulina quinquecosta Cushman and Ozawa. 45. Phocene, Timms Point, San Pedro, Calif. a, b, side views; c, basal view. Guttulina paalzowi Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Cretaceous, Maas- tricht, Holland. a, side view; 6, basal view. Guttulina regina (H. B. Brady, Parker, and Jones) var. crassicostata Cushman and Ozawa. 45. Lower Pliocene, Beaumaris, near Mel- bourne, Victoria, Australia. a, b, side views; c, basal view. Guttulina emersoni (Bagg). 25. (After Bagg.) 156 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 11 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 156. . S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 12 i Ce FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 157. Wns, Wy A. PuaTE 12 Guttulina dawsont Cushman and Ozawa. 35. Gaspé Bay. 1, holotype. 2, abnormally large specimen occurring with the typical form. a, b, side views; c, basal view. Guttulina costulata (Cushman). 80. Lower Oligocene, Mint Spring marl, Mint Spring Bayou, Vicksburg, Miss. a, side view; b, basal view. ; . Pyrulina labiata (Schwager). > 45. Pliocene, Fiji. a, side view; b, basal view. . Pyrulina extensa (Cushman). 45. Pacific. a, Nero 1063, 1,884 fathoms. 6, Nero 2061, 1,670 fathoms. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Globulina prisca Reuss. 65. Cretaceous, Cambridge greensand, Saxon Cement Works, Cambridge, England. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. 157 Puate 13 Fig. 1. Pyrulina gutta d’Orbigny. X 45. Lowest Eocene, Wansin, Belgium. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 2. Pyrulina vicksburgensis (Cushman). X 80. Lower Oligocene, Mint Spring marl, at waterfall in Mint Spring Bayou, Vicksburg, Miss. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 3-8. Pyrulina fusiformis (Roemer). > 45. Upper Oligocene. 3-5, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. 3, 4, early stages. 5, adult. 6, young. Creta- ceous, chalk marl, Saxon Cement Works, Cambridge, England. 7, 8, Miocene. Tortonian, brickyard at Baden, near Vienna, Austria. 158 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 13 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 158. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 14 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 159. PLATE 14 Fies. 1-5. Pyrulina cylindroides (Roemer). 1, * 45. Middle Oligocene, Herms- dorf, near Berlin, Germany. 2, * 80. Cretaceous, lower Gault, Barnwell pit, Cambridge, England. 3, 45. Upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. 4, * 45. a, Cretaceous, upper Senonian, Dasbeck; b, Hanover, Westphalia, Germany. 5, 45. Fistulose form, Cretaceous, Cambridge greensand, Saxon Cement Works, Cambridge, England. 6. Pyrulina thouini (d’Orbigny). 45. Eocene, Lutetien moyen, Grig- non, France. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 7. Pyrulina acuminata d’Orbigny. X 45. Cretaceous, Craie blanc, Bougival, France. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 159 Fiaes. 1-3. 10. 160 Puate 15 Pyrulina albatrossi Cushman and Ozawa. 1, X 25. Albatross D2160, 167 fathoms, off Cuba. 2,3, * 65. Albatross D2756, 417 fathoms, off Brazil. 3, with an extra chamber. . Pyrulina reticulosa Cushman and Ozawa. X 45. Off Japan, Albatross D4882, 248 fathoms. a, side view; b, basal view. . Globulina rotundata (Bornemann) var. pyrula (Fornasini). X 35. (After type figure.) Pliocene, Siena, Italy. . Globulina glacialis Cushman and Ozawa. 65. Pleistocene, glacial clay, north side of the glen, near Montreal, Canada. 6, holotype, with an extra chamber. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Guttulina semicostata (Marsson). 30. (After Marsson.) a, b, side views; c, apertural view. . Globulina landesi (G. D. Hanna and M. A.Hanna). X65. Recent, off Kobama, Province of Echizen, Japan. a, side view; b, basal view. Globulina dentimarginata (Chapman). X 40. (After Chapman.) a, outer surface; 6, attached side. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 15 a Zs KX 80. Eocene, Bracklesham bed XVIII, White Cliff Bay, Isle of Wight, England. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 19 ae FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 164. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 20 5G [EMER Des RV sree Se FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 165. PLATE 20 . Globulina fleca Cushman and Ozawa. 45. Upper Oligocene, Doberg, near Biinde, Germany. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. . Globulina exserta (Berthelin). * 45. Cretaceous, chalk marl, Folke- stone, England. a, 6b, side views; c, basal view. . Globulina minuta (Roemer). 3, * 45. Oligocene, Diisseldorf, Ger- many. 4, X 65. Middle Oligocene, Hermsdorf, near Berlin, Germany. Globulina granulosa Egger. 45. Miocene, Burdigalien inferieur, Moulin de |’Eglise, Saucats, France. Globulina gibba d’Orbigny var. myristiformis (Williamson). 80. Beach, Lido, Venice, Italy. a, side view; b, basal view. Globulina granulosa Egger (?). ™X 45. Miocene, Burdigalien, St. Paul de Dax, near Bordeaux, France. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. 165 PuatTeE 21 Fig. 1. Globulina granulosa Egger var. polita (Terquem.) 45. Miocene, Tortonian, Strebersdorf, Bisamberg, Austria. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 2. Globulina gravis (Karrer). > 35. Cretaceous, upper Senonian, Maas- tricht, Holland. 3, 4. Globulina rotundata (Bornemann). XX 35. 38, middle Oligocene, Hermsdorf, near Berlin, Germany. 4, upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. 5. Globulina ampla (Karrer). 45. Cretaceous, upper Senonian, Stemmerberg, Westphalia, Germany. 6. Globulina consobrina (Fornasini). 45. Miocene, Tortonian, Grunes Kreuz, Nussdorf, near Vienna, Austria. 166 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 21 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 166. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM - PROCEEDINGS, VOL,..77, ART.6 PL. 22 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 167. PLATE 22 Fias. 1, 2. Globulina triserialis Cushman and Ozawa. X°45. 1, Miocene, Helvetien, Moulin du Minoy, Salles, France. 2, Burdigalien inferieur, Moulin de l’Eglise, Saucats, France. 3. Globulina miinstert (Reuss). > 65. Middle Oligocene, Doberg, near Biinde, Germany. 4. Globulina species. X 35. Porcupine Station 16, Eastern Atlantic. 5, 6. Pseudopolymorphina ligua (Roemer). X 30. 5, upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. 6, Pliocene, Crag, Sutton, Eng- land. 167 PLATE 23 Figs. 1, 2. Pseudopolymorphina novangliae (Cushman). X 35. Off eastern coast United States. 2, Fistulose form. 3. Pseudopolymorphina suboblonga Cushman and Ozawa. X_ 35. Upper Pliocene, Okuwa, Province of Kaga, Japan. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. 4. Pseudopolymorphina suboblonga Cushman and Ozawa var. jugosa Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Recent, off Kobama, Japan. a, side view; b, basal view. 5. Pseudopolymorphina striata (Bagg). X 35. Miocene, Choptank formation, 1 mile above Governor Run, Chesapeake Bay, Md. €-8. Pseudopolymorzhina soldanii (d’Orbigny). > 35. 6, upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. 7, 8, Pliocene, Crag noir, Ant- werp, Belgium. 168 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 23 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE ’ FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 168. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM. PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 24 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 169. Fic. 1. 6-8. PuLatTe 24 Pseudopolymorphina hanzawai Cushman and Ozawa. X 25. Upper Pliocene, Sawane, Island of Sado, Japan. a, side view; b, basal view. . Pseudopolymorphina atlantica Cushman and Ozawa. XX 35. Alba- tross D 2416, East coast, United States. a, side view; 6b, basal view. . Pseudopolymor phina phalerope: Cushman and Ozawa. 45. Recent, Woods Hole Region. a, side view; b, apertural view. . Pseudopolymorphina parva (Clodius).. (After Clodius.) Pseudopolymor phina doanei (Galloway and Wissler). > 25. Pliocene, Timms Point, San Pedro, Calif. a, b, side views. Pseudopolymorphina decora (Reuss). > 45. Miocene, Burdigalien inferieur, Moulin de |’Eglise, Saucats, France. a, b, side views; c, apertural view. 92 109= Ose 169 fe 170 PauttTEe 25 . Pseudopolymorphina dumblei (Cushman and Applin). > 65. Eocene Jacksonian, Bridge Creek, 1% miles above Angelina River, Tex. 3. Pseudopolymorphina okuwaensis Cushman and Ozawa. > 45. Upper Pliocene, Okuwa, Province of Kaga, Japan. a, side view; b, apertural view. . Pseudopolymorphina ishikawaensis Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Upper Pliocene, Okuwa, Province of Kaga, Japan. a, side view; b, apertural view. . Pseudopolymorphina zeuschneri (Reuss). > 45. Miocene, Tortonian sand, Varpolata, Hungary. a, b, side views; c, apertural view. . Pseudopolymorphina ishikawaensis Cushman and Ozawa. X 25. Upper Pliocene, Natsukawa, Province of Echigo, Japan. a, side view; b, apertural view. Pseudopolymor phina indica (Cushman). 35. Albatross D5579, off Sibuko Bay, Borneo. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 25 or FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 170 , VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 26 PROCEEDINGS U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Oe FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 171 Fias. 1, 2. PLATE 26 Pseudopolymorphina indica (Cushman) var. japonica Cushman and Ozawa. 1, X 25. Recent, Albatross D4807, 44 fathoms, off Cape Tsiuka, Japan. 2, < 35. Miocene, specimen doubtfully belong- ing here (=P. costata Allix), Pontlevoy, France. a, b, side views. Pseudopolymorphina rutila (Cushman). 65. Lower Oligocene, Byram marl, Leaf River, Miss. a, side view; 6, basal view. . Pseudopolymorphina paucicostata Cushman and Ozawa. 45. Eocene, Midwayan, Texas. . Pseudopolymorphina variata (Jones, Parker, and H. B. Brady). 30. 5, Pliocene, Crag,, Sutton, England. 6, Miocene, Helvetian, Pontlevoy, France. . Pseudopolymorphina variata (Jones, Parker, and H. B. Brady) var. fischeri (Terquem). % 25, 7, Pliocene, Crag, Sutton, England. a, side view; 6b, basal view. 8, Miocene, Helvetian, Pontlevoy, France. a, side view; b, apertural view. 171 Fig. il. 172 PLATE 27 Pseudopolymor phina ovalis Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Miocene, Tortonian, Brickyard at Baden, near Vienna, Austria. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Pseudopolymorphina obscura (Roemer). X 12. Upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. a, side view; b, apertural view. . Pseudopolymorphina curta Cushman and Ozawa. X 60. Recent, Casco Bay, Me. 32 fathoms. a, side view; b; basal view. . Pseudopolymorphina spatulata (Terquem). . X 35. 4, Miocene, Aqui- tanian superieur, St. Avit, near Mont de Marsan, France. Young. 5, Miocene, Burdigalien inferieur, Le Coquillat, Leognan, France. Adult. a, side view; b, apertural view; c, basal view. . Pseudopolymorphina dollfussi Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. 6, holo- type, Miocene, Burdigalien inferieur, Le Coquillat, Leognan, France. a, side view; b, apertural view. 7, Miocene, Aquitanian superieur, St. Avit, near Mont de Marsan, France. a, side view; b, apertural view. Pseudopolymor phina dollfussi Cushman and Ozawa var. tenuistriata Cushman and Ozawa. 45.- Miocene, St. Paul de Dax, near Bordeaux, France. a, side view; b, apertural view. PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 27 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 172. PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 28 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 173 Fig. 1. PuatTE 28 Pseudopolymorphina jonesi Cushman and Ozawa. X 25. Miocene, St. Paul de Dax, near Bordeaux, France. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. . Pseudopolymorphina subcylindrica (Hantken). % 35. Miocene, Torto- nian, Amphistegina marl, Nussdorf, near Vienna, Austria. a, b, side views; c, basal view. Pseudopolymorphina digitata (d’Orbigny). 35. Cretaceous, upper Senonian, Maastricht, Holland. a, side view; 6, apertural view. . Pseudopolymorphina leopolitana (Reuss). > 35. Cretaceous, Cambridge greensand, Saxon Cement Works, Cambridge, England. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Paleopolymorphina pleurostomelloides (Franke). X 65. Cretaceous, lower Cenomanian, Tecklenberg, Westphalia, Germany. a, side view; b, apertural view. . Paleopolymorphina gaultina (Berthelin). 80. Cretaceous, Gault, Folkestone, England. a, side view; 6, basal view. . Pseudopolymorphina mendezensis:(White). > 45. Upper Cretaceous, Navarro formation, clay pit at Corsicana, Tex. Various stages in development; 6, basal view. 173 8. i); PLatTE 29 Pyrulina velascoensis (Cushman). X 65. Cretaceous, Velasco shale, Hacienda El Limon, west of Panuco, Mexico. a-—c, side views. Pseudopolymor phina subnodosa (Reuss). (After Reuss.) . Pseudopolymorphina incerta (Egger). > 45. Miocene, Burdigalien infe- rieur, Le Coquillat, Leognan, France. a, side view; 6, basal view. . Pseudopolymorphina ovalis Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Miocene, Tor- tonian, Amphistegina marl, Grunes Kreuz, Nussdorf, near Vienna, Aus- tria. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. Polymorphina burdigalensis d’Orbigny. X 45. Miocene, Burdigalien inferieur, Moulin de |’ Eglise, Saucats, France. a, b, side views; c, basal view. Polymorphina fornasinia Cushman and Ozawa. 40. Recent, off Tri- poli. a, side view; b, outline of end view. Polymorphina incavata Stache. 15. (After Stache.) a, side view; b, apertural view. 174 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 29 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 174. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL: 30 Pes A, eo 4 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 175. Fies. 1-3. 10. 11. PLATE 30 Polymorphina subrhombica Reuss. % 25. Eocene, Vincentown, N. J. b, apertural view. . Polymorphina aculeata d’Orbigny. (After d’Orbigny.) . Polymorphina longistriata Cushman and Ozawa. X 25. (After Bur- rows and Holland.) Eocene, Thanetian, Pegwell Bay, England. . Polymorphina parallela Millett. > 90. (After Millett.) Pliocene, St. Erth, England. . Polymorphina allent Cushman and Ozawa. X 60. Eocene, Brackle- sham bed XVII, White Cliff Bay, Isle of Wight, England. a, side view; b, outline of end view. . Polymorphina cushmant Plummer. 25. Eocene, Midwayan, 514 miles due south and very slightly west of Littig, Tex. a, side view; b, apertural view. . Polymorphina complanata d’Orbigny. 35. Miocene, Tortonian, Amphistegina marl, Grunes Kreuz, Nussdorf, near Vienna, Austria. a, side view; b, apertural view. Polymorphina advena Cushman. X 80. Lower Oligocene, Mint Spring marl, at waterfall in Mint Spring Bayou, Vicksburg, Miss. a, side view; 6b, apertural view. Polymorphina frondea (Cushman). > 80. Lower Oligocene, Byram marl, Byram, Miss. a, front view; 6, apertural view. 175 Fias. 1-6. 176 PLATE 31 Polymor phina charlottensis Cushman. 1, Pliocene, Timms Point, San Pedro, Calif. > 25. a, 6, side views; c, apertural view. 2-6, upper Pliocene, Natsukawa, Province of Echigo, Japan, showing early stages in development. X 45. . Polymorphina lingulata Stache. 20. (After Stache.) a, front view; 6, end view. . Polymorphina schlumbergeri Cushman and Ozawa. X 45. Miocene, Aquitanian superieur, St. Avit, near Mont de Marson, near Bordeaux, France. a, side view; 6, apertural view. . Polymorphina howchint Cushman and Ozawa. X 25. Lower Plio- cene, McDonald’s, Muddy Creek, Hamilton, Victoria, Australia. a, side view; b, basal view. . Polymorphina frondiformis Searles Wood. X 25. Pliocene, Crag Sutton, England. a, side view; b, apertural view. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 31 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 176. PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 32 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 177. Fic. 1. 4, 5. PLATE 32 Sigmomorphina nystt (Reuss). 45. Miocene, Burdigalien inferieur, Le Coquillat, Leognan, France. a, side view; 6, apertural view. . Sigmomorphina jacksonensis (Cushman). X 35. Eocene, Ocala limestone, loose blocks along road near Blue Springs, Jackson County, Fla. a, side view; 6, basal view. . Sigmomorphina jacksonensts (Cushman) var. costifera (Cushman). x 35. Eocene, Jacksonian, Barnwell County,8.C. a, side view; b, apertural view. Sigmomorphina chapmant (Heron-Allen and LEarland). 20. (After Heron-Allen and Earland.) Filter quarry, Batesford, Vic- toria, Australia. . Sigmomorphina nuttali Cushman and Ozawa. X 45. Eocene, Mount Moriah beds, yellow sandy clay overlying orbitoidal lime- stone, Vistabella quarry, Trinidad, British West Indies. a, side view; b, apertural view. . Sigmomorphina flintii (Cushman). 25. Off Atlantic coast of Carolina, 440 fathoms. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Sigmomorphina pseudoregularis Cushman and Thomas. 25. Eocene, 17% miles south of Palestine Road on Grapeland Road, first creek crossed by fording north of Grapeland, Houston County, Tex. a, b, side views; c, apertural view. 92709—30—— 14 177 ine: il, 6.78 PLATE 33 Sigmomorphina regularis (v. Minster). > 12. Upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. a, side view; b, basal view. . Sigmomorphina frondiculariformis (Galloway and Wissler). > 36. Pliocene, Timms Point, San Pedro, Calif. a, side view; b, basal view. . Sigmomorphina torta (Galloway and Wissler). X 45. Pleistocene, Lomita quarry, Palos Verdes Hills, Calif. . Sigmomor phina semitecta (Reuss) var. terquemiana (Fornasini). 4, Plio- cene, Castel Arquato, Italy. > 80. a, b, side views; c, basal view. 5, Eocene, Lutetian, middle bed, Grignon, France. 80. Sigmomorphina semitecta (Reuss). > 65. Miocene, Burdigalien in- ferieur, de |’Eglise, Saucats, France. a, 6, side views. 7, young. 178 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 33 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE ’ FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 178. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 34 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 179. PuaTe 34 . Sigmomorphina schwageri (Karrer). > 25. Miocene, Burdigalien inferieur, Le Coquillat, Leognan, France. a, b, side views; c, apertural view. . Sigmomorphina semitecta (Reuss) var. terquemiana (Fornasini). 2, Miocene, Burdigalien inferieur, Moulin de 1’ Eglise, Saucats, France. x 65. 3, Pliocene, Castel Arquato, Italy. 60. . Sigmomorphina undulosa (Terquem). X 65. From Lord Bandon dredgings, off S.W. Ireland. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Sigmomorphina lamarcki Cushman and Ozawa. X 45. Eocene, Lutetien, Campbon, France. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. 179 180 Puate 35 . Sigmomor phina semitecta (Reuss) var. terquemiana (Fornasini). < 35. Gulf of Sidra. . Sigmomorphina pearceyi Cushman and Ozawa. 2, holotype. Recent, Dry Tortugas, Fla., 10 fathoms. 80. 38, Eocene, Bartonian, Val di Lonte, Italy. X 45. a, side view; b, basal view. . Sigmomorphina crassa (Roemer). X 25. Upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. . Sigmomorphina schencki Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Oligocene, Keasey shale, 1 mile below Keasey post office, Rock Creek, Colum- bia County, Oreg. a, side view; 6, basal view. . Sigmomorphina kotot Cushman and Ozawa. 45. Upper Pliocene, Natsukawa, Province of Echigo, Japan. a, side view; b, basal view. PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART.6 PL. 35 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ee Ce We FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 180. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 26° FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 181. PuatTe 36 Fias. 1, 2. Stgmomorphina trinitatensis Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Hermi- tage quarry, Dumfries Road, Trinidad. 3. Sigmomorphina bornemanni Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Middle Oligocene, Hermsdorf, near Berlin, Germany. a, side view; b, basal view. 4. Sigmomorphina gallowayi Cushman and Ozawa. 45. Albatross D4807, off Japan. a, side view; b, basal view. 5. Sigmomorphina trilocularis (Bagg). X 45. Albatross D4807, off Japan. 6. Stgmomorphina yokoyamai Cushman and Ozawa. X 45. Upper Pliocene, Island of Sado, Japan. a, side view; b, basal view. 181 PLATE 37 Fras. 1, 2. Guttulina sadoensis (Cushman and Ozawa). 45. Upper Pliocene, Sawane, Island of Sado, Japan. a,b, side views; c, basal view. 3-5. Guttulina (Sigmoidina) pacifica (Cushman and Ozawa). 35. Alba- tross D5318, Philippines. a, 6, side views; c, basal view. 6, 7. Guttulina (Sigmoidina) silvestrii Cushman and Ozawa. 6, Miocene, Janjukian, Filter quarry, Batesford, Victoria, Australia. 35. 7, Van Dieman’s Inlet, Gulf of Carpenteria, Queensland, Australia, 10 fathoms. a, side view; 6, basal view. 8, 9. Guttulina (Sigmoidina) seguenzana (H. B. Brady). 30. (After H. B. Brady.) Recent, off Ki Islands, Pacific. 182 ‘U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 37 , > a * . FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 182. PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6 PL. 38 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 183. Figs. 5-7. PLaTE 38 . Sigmomorphina sawanensis (Cushman and Ozawa). X 45. Upper Pliocene, Natsukawa, Province of Echigo, Japan. a, side view; b, basal view. . Sigmomorphina vaughani Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Eocene, Cooper marl, Cooper River, 8. C. a, b, side views; c, basal view. . Sigmomorphina williamsoni (Terquem). X 45. Recent, coast of Belgium. a, side view; b, basal view. . Sigmomorphina williamsoni (Terquem). X 65. Recent, coast of Belgium. a, b, side views; c, basal view. Sigmomorphina concava (Williamson). > 80. 5, Recent, coast of Belgium. 6, Recent, off island of Delos, Mediterranean, 10 fathoms. 7, Pliocene, Monte Mario, near Rome, Italy. a,‘side view; b, basal view. . Sigmomorphina aliceae Cushman and Ozawa. X 35. Albatross D4805, coast of Japan. a, side view; b, basal view. 183 Fies. 1. 184 PLATE 39 Sigmoidella elegantissima (Parker and Jones). 25. Albatross D5178. Recent, Philippines. a, b side views; c, basal view. . Sigmoidella kagaensis Cushman and Ozawa. 25. 2, Albatross D4807, off Japan. 5, off Kobama, Japan. a, side view; b, basal view. . Sigmoidella plummerae Cushman and Ozawa. X 60. Hocene, Cooks Mountain formation, Smithville, Tex. a, side view; 6b, basal view. . Sigmoidella margaretae Cushman and Ozawa’ X 65. Recent, off Terao Miura, Japan. . Pseudopolymorphina obscuricostata (Galloway and Wissler)(?). X 75. Pleistocene, Lomita: quarry, Palos Verdes Hills, Calif. - U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6. PL. 39 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLY MORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 184. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 6. PL. 40 FORAMINIFERA OF THE FAMILY POLYMORPHINIDAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 185. PLateE 40 . Glandulina laevigata d’Orbigny. X 45. Miocene, Baden, Vienna Basin, Austria. a, side view; 6, basal view. Glandulina reussi Cushman and Ozawa. X 80. Oligocene, Pietz- puhl, Germany. a, side view; b, basal view. . Glandulina dimorpha (Bornemann). X 45. 3, Upper Oligocene, Ahnatal, near Cassel, Germany. 4, 5, Miocene, Tortonian, Amphistegina marl, Nussdorf, near Vienna, Austria. Guttulina yabet Cushman and Ozawa var. ovale Cushman and Ozawa. x 45. Upper Pliocene, Sawane, Island of Sado, Japan. 92709—30—— 15 185 INDEX Page aculeata, Polymorphina_____-------------_-- 115 acuminata, Polymorphina ___------------_-- 58 (Byrne) eee 58 iby rilinat a eee se A wos = Ree ee 58 acuminatus, Psecadium_-_-_-_----------------- 144 OME), CHO MOWUb IMR ee a eee 64 Polymorphinaes2=s-22—— 2222-2 33, 64, 73, 83 adhaerens, var. cuspidata, Guttulina___-____ 37 (Ghurt tullamaee he eee ee 36 olan On kim ae eee ee 36 advena, Polymorphina-_-_------------------- 118 Ae CUAliSas Gl Ob wlinawenwe naan eee ee eee oe 64 Polymorphina gibba, var____--____- 64 All abrOSSieelesy ULI aes eee 58 aliceae, Sigmomorphina____------------------ 139 Alleninseolyamornphinal se. see eee eee 116 amoena, Polymorphina_--_------------------- 89 am pla Glob Ulin ass sees ee ew ee 84 PON Oobbaey 22 es 55, 84 amiplectensw Globulimas: 22-225 5-2 == 2 60, 7 eronjooulka, Caloloybiiioe oe eee 79 ohyvan' Grp hin aes a ee 79 eibpaavaieere ose a= 79 amygdaloides, Globulina____-___-_------___- 73 var. lepida, Polymorphina______ 110 Polymorphina ____ 52, 73, 85, 129, 131 var. terquemiana, Polymor- TOMA ee Se Beet a Ss ae OY a eee 129 ANCE PS wEOlyMOTphinasens se eh eee 126 anglicalsHogutiulinass asc Ses ss asses eee 16 angusta, Guttulina austriaca, var__-----_____ 37 2olhymMooyonoey. SS ee = 55 (Globulina) -________ 37 asperella, Polymorphina__________--_-_-__--_ 75 aspenulanGlobulingsee= =] = 68 atlantica, Pseudopolymorphina______________ 94 Aulostomella pediculus___________-_--_--_---- 79 australisy Globulinalss) 22 eet ee ne Guttulina spicaeformis, var________ 32 2 Olid OF; ln) eee ee mn 32 auStriaca, var. angusta, Guttulina___________ 37 (Geum bub aes neta os Cet se eee 29 var. io, Polymorphina____________. 31 louie yal, Crmaqplitoe os ee ee eee 41 DAartsChivs Guth ulim aes ee ee ee 23 \biserialis, Polymorphina_______-__-______-___- 119 1SXONlityabovey wove ye ee ee 118 bornemanni, Sigmomorphina_______________ 134 brevis, Polymorphina frondiformis, var______ 68 bucculenta, Polymorphina___________________ 80 1Puibboabaey Comp ee ee 95 bulloides, Globulina__________-___-_-___-___- 23 Guttulinasss es Sea ee 23 burdigalensis, var. lequilensis, Polymorphina 113 olyamornphinaee sae see 113 Page byramensis, Guttulina______------------ ade 25 Polyanonphin apes aes 25 campanulata, Polymorphina---------------- 104 Canilbaeas Goblin a eae eee en eee en 75 inaequalis, var___--____- 75 (qsmprotina,, (Cnounnblbboy soe ee 36 centrata) Gut tilina =e ee 25 chapmani, Polymorphina_____--------------- 124 Sigmomorphina_--_--------------- 124 charlottensis, Polymorphina_-_-------------- 119 clavatas Polymonp hina es nee 52 cognata, Globulina gibba, var__-----------_- 65 Ohwoovoyn avian oe ee 65, 120 communis, var. etrusca, Polymorphina ------ 85 Guittulina See eee 20 Polyimo;phin asses eee ee 20 lactea, var_--_---- 20 complanata, Polymorphina_----------- 116, 117, 119 var. striata, Polymorphina_----- 115 compressa, var. dumblei, Polymorphina__-_- 97 var. okuwaensis, Pseudopolymor- phinae se ee ee See 98 iPoliyamorphinaeas2sse ase 89, 92, 94, 102, 119, 123, 126, 188 var. striata, Polymorphina------_- 92 concava, var. dentimarginata, Polymorphina 72 le@bnonoyr ours) 2 2b ee 45 lactea, var___-.---- 45, 139 Sigmoniorphinae aaa awe 139 consecta, Polymorphina---_------------------ 102 consobrinaGlobulina sees =. sas e see ee ae 85 Polymorphina sororia, var__---- 85 Contorta eolymorp hina ee 120 COntraLlawB Ulimine ss eee ee 95 costata. eolyamorphin ale: 222 = eee neee 65, 99 (Globulina) _._------- 65 costatulay.Guttulina 2S 35 Polymorphina (Guttulina)-------- 35 costifera, Polymorphina jacksonensis, var_.-- 123 © Sigmomorphina jacksonensis, var__ 123 costulatasiGuttulinal-s2o225 eee 48 Polymorphina cuspidata, var_----- 48 crassa, Pokymorphing= 2-2-2 sess= ee ee 133 SIgmMOmOnp hina. see ees es 133 erassatinas Polymorphina2 sea eee 133 crassicostata, Guttulina regina, var_--------- 35 Cretacess Gy tila sees eee heya es eel 20 Polymorph in ass eae eee ee 20 Cristellaria pleurostomelloides________------- 107 curta, Pseudopolymorphina__-__------------- 105 cushmani, Polymorphina__-______------------ 117 cuspidata, var. costulata, Polymorphina__-_- 48 Guttulina adhaerens, var_----~--- 37 Polymorphina lactea, var__------- 28 Sororia, var_------- 55 188 INDEX Page Page eylindrica, Guttulina________.___-_---________ 54 | formosa, Polymorphina______-_-__.-.-_-_____ 138 eylindroides, Polymorphina_________________ 54,56 | fornasinii, Polymorphina____________________ 114 IBY Tulin asses ste keane ees Ky || favor Cioinmilim. 4 8 86 damaecornis, Polymorphina__-______________ 28h irankely Gut tulin ae en ee 28 (Guttulina)_____ 28 | frondea, Bolivina_____..___._-._.-___-__-..-_ 118 GawsSonie Graig aliases ee 47 Polym orp hin aes ee 118 decora, Polymorphina_______________________ 96 | Frondicularia inaequalis__________._________- 128 Pseudopolymorphina_______________- 96 | frondiculariformis, Polymorphina_-___-------- 128 deflexa, Polymorphina_______________________ 41 Sigmomorpha (Sigmomor- deformata, Guttulina_______________________- 41 phina)2 =e eee 128 deformis, Globulina________________________- 23 Sigmomorphina___-______- 128 Polymorphina (Globulima) -______- 23 | frondicularioides, Polymorphina____________- 19 deltoidea, Polymorphina problema, var-_-__-- 133 Quadrulina________________ 19 dentimarginata, Globulina__________________ 72 | frondiformis, var. brevis, Polymorphina_____ 68 Polymorphina concava, var_ 72 Polymorphina___.____________- 122 depauperata, Polymorphina_______________-- 110 | fusiformis, Polymorphina____-_____-_____- 54, 56, 73 deplanata, Guttulina_______________________- 43 Pynulina 322252228 ee 54 depressa, Globulina________________________- 110 | gallowayi, Sigmomorphina__________________ 135 Polymorphinaesesssess sss 110 | gaultina, Paleopolymorphina_-_______________ 112 (Globulina) ________ 110 Polymor;phinaes eee 112 diffusa, Polymorphina lactea, var_____------- 61 | gibba, var. aequalis, Polymorphina______.___ 79 digitata, Polymorphina___________-___-_____-- 108 ampulla, Polymorphina_________- 79 Pseudopolymorphina_____________-_ 108 cognata, Globulina_______________ 65 dilatatas Guttulinas= 22) 22 eee 25 fissicostata, Globulina____________ 67 Polymorphinas-_-__-2.--= 22-2 --- 22. 102 globosa, Globulina______________- 64 GhUUDU A Crown bD bo 74 Globulina! i262 222 ee eee 60 dimorpha, Glandulina____._________________- 144 var. glomula, Globulima______________ 20 Gurthulina eee eee = eee 144 Guttulina (Globulina)__-____________- 60 Dimorphina millettii________.______________- 138 var. longitudinalis, Globulina_________ 68 discreta, Globulina________________________- 73 myristiformis, Globulina_________ 66 dispar, Polymorphina-_____-_____-_____--__-_- 37, 114 orbicularis, Polymorphina_-__-___ 60 doanei, Polymorphina_--________________- 95 ornata, Globulina__-_-__--_______ 67 Pseudopolymorphina_-_______---.____ 95 ovoidea, Polymorphina (Globu- dollfussi, Globulina inaequalis, var_________- 76 lina) ..2.g522 Se 60 Pseudopolymorphina-____-________- 106 pirula, Polymorphina (Globu- var. tenuistriata, Pseudopolymor- lina) 2222225 eae eee 60 Mim aN eee ee Onstage See 106 Polymorphina_-___-------_--___- 60, 77, 78, 85 GubiayGuthulinase eee eee ee eee ae 41 (Globulina) -________-- 60 dumblei, Polymorphina compressa, var___-_-- 97 var. punctata, Globulina_______-_____ 69 Pseudopolymorphina-_____________ 97 striata, Globulina________________ 65 earlandi, Guttulina lactea, var___-____-_-___-- 45 subgibba, Polymorphina (Globu- elegantissima, Polymorphina__________- 50, 140, 141 Jina) 2-< es ee eee 60 Sigmoidella____._.__.-_.__-___-_ 140 tuberculata, Globulina__________- 68 elongata, Globulina__-_-_-..___-_._____.____- 81 verrucosa, Globulina_____________ 67 Garth ulin ae ee eee nee 89 | gigantea, Polymorphina----_--.-.-___-----_-- 120 Polymorphina__-_-_-_-__--_-------- 119 | gigas, Guttulina roemeri, var__-_-___-_-___-- 42 (Globulina)_____-___ 81 IPolymorphin gees: seo ee ae 42 emersoniyGuttulinaless 2 eee ee 47 4\elacialiss Globulinass-2 322 ee 71 Polymorphinas 222 ee 47 | Glandulina dimorpha___-__-------_-_-_---_-- 144 I OSU G GUT a Se eye eel ee ee ere een 16 lacvigata2 22 SS eee 143 ANT Caley pee et ei Ses 16 | (Glandulina) laevigata, Nodosaria_____-___-- 143 i ASSI Cas eee eee a eae ig |, Gdeyayeloubnoyy rae 144 Poly gonas 52: See Seen Se aie 17 | glandulinoides, Polymorphina vitrea, var... 144 equalis, Polymorphina____.__._______-__-___- 645) sglobosay"Globulinat === ee eee 60 ericia, Globulina lacrima, var____-_---------- 78 gibbas vars 22 eee 64 etrusca, Polymorphina communis, var-_------ 85 Guttulinas'22-222 2 ee 87 Cran, (CuO ombhoR se 80 Polyimorphing === 64, 69 Polya orp hina. een SOG ob wim ay ac uit ae eee 64 extensa,=Polymorphinas ss. esses eee 53 aequalis: jo: 788: 22k Sst eee 64 Pye Ur ira ge ene aes Ne es elon 53 amplatsoonl a ee aie ee 84 fischeri, Polymorphina_____________- aS he 102 amplectensasen == eee 60, 73 Pseudopolymorphina--_-_______---_-- 102 ampulla 522 es eee ee 79 fissicostata, Globulina gibba, var____.__---_- 67 amyedaloidessaas nee ae 73 rey Enojoysilhae ys ek 81 | (Globulina) angusta, Polymorphina__-_-___-_-- 37 rabbalAbi, Jet kacovoyrolovboe OA |) (Enooyolhiommcoonnley 5-2 68 Sigmomorphina_________-______-__-_--_- 125 australiss=!s23 2252 2e2 ee eee 32 Gilobulimaybulloidestas 2222 ee eee Carl b aca fees Diss ee Ue yee ene consobrina== ee (Globulina) costata, Polymorphina---______- Globulina deformis_____________-______-____-_- (Globulina) deformis, Polymorphina________ Globulina dentimarginata__________________- GEDPKESS aaa ae eee ee (Globulina) depressa, Polymorphina_-_______ G@lobulin‘aydiscret ayes. ase CL Om pak eae eet ste ens Sate a (Globulina) elongata, Polymorphina_._______ Globullinalexsertass222 2228-2 eee VAT COMMA tay see ane aera fISSICOS alates lO OSA ees A eee eet): lomil asec ees ca eee oe (Globulina) gibba, Guttulina________________ Globulina gibba, longitudimalis______________ myristiformis______________ Ornaitas pete eae (Globulina) gibba, ovoidea, Polymorphina__ pirula, Polymorphina____ Polymorphina___________ Globulina gibba, punctata___________________ CSE a fas 2a 2 a ee (Globulina) gibba, subgibba, Polymorphina_ Globulina gibba, tuberculata________________ VELL COSA ase na CAP ACHENTIGIE NS Sd aC Ee eee PLOWOS aryaneeree lneacrues Santas ues STAM UML OS Ave atl eee ws ee Er We (Globulina) granulosa, Polymorphina______- Globulina grateloupi (Globulina) grateloupi, Polymorphina______- Globulina gravis. SUG CU eee seen erry tena ee iS pi dares Geet t ate Ae ee VOTE ae eC eB L khe TTL EG Ae oe tiles ey ie ae NERO SU ATS oe a a LE es ae Vespa a alee Sa Nps ee ae (Globulina) lacrima, Polymorphina_________-_ Globulina lacrima, subsphaerica____________- La crymi tie oe a ea en ey NAC WAS BERS 28 Sse late Sse eR Lo UNS SIN TTUUAT S GO TA Sahar eeu ue ie ee OVE S ees et oe ee le Se ce ld OTS Casters ae ee ee eae tL eg PUNT CG eae See ps A Se tees ea TOCMOTL 2 ts 2 5 tao sweet A ee Re INDEX 189 Page Page 23) Globulina’species2== Se ee 89 75 SDI OSE aus ee ire ene epee car 68 85 | (Globulina) spinosa, Polymorphina__________ 68 65 | Globulina subalpina_________________________ 87, 93 23 Sub gib bases era yaaa 60 2 translu cid awa as ae eee 74 72 tRANSVersasee ae se Seer ee 61 110 ERISOL LAS ie ieee ste are ea 88 110 EUbDeLCUl a tases sean een 68 73 | (Globulina) tuberculata, Polymorphina--__- 68 81 | Globulina tubulosa______....___--..________- 60 81 CURbING tae a ee 64 80 V ATI AMIS # pies Uta Ee LARA tyre 130 81 | glomula, Globulina gibba____________________ 20 60 | gracilis, Polymorphina_____-_________________ 83 G5 eeranvlosaiGlobulin ase sss as eee ears 81 67 politas:Globulina ssa a ee 82 64 Rolymorp hinges sos eee 81 20 (Globulina) _______ 81 60s merateloupisGlobulinass: ess eee 81 68 Polymorphina (Globulina)_______ 81 66rieravida, Guittulinas== so. see eee 61 (7? i} earns, (Caloloyubbaysy 84 60 Lexa) hianavoyrolavboaye— ee 84 60 | gutta, Polymorphinas_..-..-22-2--2-222_- 51, 77, 78 60 eA Ta cb U nb oye ys sues wes RO ee Re es 51 69b seguttatas Rolyanonp hinas ssa ine eeese snes 29 (Haye | YeablRnvomoautsy, GCroknpliboe ee Ee ee a 38 60 Polymorphingees 222-2 ese eee 38 Be vipolleys nto) oyodbbe ye 25 672: Guttulinaladhderens® 2222 ee 36 71 cuspidatas= aes 37 60 AUSTRIA CA a et UE ee ah ote 29 81 ANGUS tae eee eee eee ont 82 Halleyiessiee sr ws ee ee 41 81 bartschisucets Oscecetics eee o ie nan 23 81 LOL Ges Saisie eae tee eee AT care 23 81 Jone so es 25 84 CAU Cat alaee nes a) eras) Hee ae 36 25 Ceniata 22 = ae eae 25 75 (Gomben pps = oo 20 79 Costatulast same einer Sota 35 73 | (Guttulina) costatula, Polymorphina___-____- 35 “5ar Guttulinarcostulatas:s22= see ne een ee 48 76 CRE LACE antes me aes Nee eyes ee 20 76 cylin dricas=ss sass banner se eer 54 73 | (Guttulina) damaecornis, Polymorphina____- 28 206 Gauttulin'ayd awison teem meter ees mean eae 47 77 deformatass- =" oe eee 41 78 deplanatasssee tse amt sien eeeee 43 79 CUTIE Y eM pe er UD Ee a re 25 77 ila pees es a Le 74 78 dimorph asst. ses sees tae 144 77 GUblazs 2 2a eae eee 41 17 (MOPS ahs ee Be eee 89 71 CMOLS OM tise Saye eases Sipe las eter 47 83 TAG baw se Se ee Sete Se esas eee 86 85 Trankei=.- 222. Saher eee a se 28 61 ZIOWOSA A Be Nee vale em ee Oe sn 87 61 (Globulina) gibba________________- 60 73 QTA VIG Ae nea ese Sry eh ee 61 69 SUT CULO TINT S eee aye outa noe eee 38 41 hantkenii 2255 eos i soe we 33 86 TTC UV eens ani een ey clea eae noe 86 88 Inregmlaniseesa ws es alee omen 25 69 nipponensis__-____----_.. 27 190 INDEX Page Page GChonnilboe AVE — a 39 | indica, japonica Pseudopolymorphina__-_____ 99 kishimouyisess==- 2-6 eee eee 40 Polymorphina problema__-___________ 99 Ja Ct eats eke ete i ie ey es 43 Pseudopolymorphina________________ 99 (GeeWrel etna a Ne en ANS | anak ye, Cilojobubtingy oe 73 TEXEN ALSe Peels Speen ee ee els BEN 82 IE OiysIM OT; POLIT eee ee 61, 132 (Guttulina) lanceolata, Polymorphina_-______ Styl} su atsieeaauls) Jetol byaaavoycjo)oubats.— 2 oe 133 latasseolymorphinales=ssss= see 20 | io, Polymorphina austriaca_________________- 31 Gatti ilinagl ela erie ee 39) 5 |sirregularis Glo bulina ase eee eee 20 (Guttulina) megapolitana, Polymorphina___ 130 Guttuling 222 ee ee 25 minima, Polymorphina-.________ 83 nipponensis, Guttulina___________ 27 (Ciwilneubtiog) wile. ea ee eee cba 79 | ishikawaensis, Pseudopolymorphina_________ 98 (OL OVD ISU ea ee en ti ee RONNIE 87 | jacksonensis, ecstifera, Polymorphina________ 123 Onientalise Maw swe aes eee, 24 Sigmomorphina_-_____ 123 Osa S Rae ei ied salres ns anja aed 54 Polymorp hina saan eee 123 Waal ZO Wat oers eee eee eee 46 Sigmomorphina_________________ 123 (Guttulina) parva, Polymorphina___________ 95 | japonica, Pseudopolymorphina indica_______ 99 Crunnnollingy joe noyety ee ee a aul We apes, Crbinabubuapy oe 39 DOM GELOSA Rs aoa nea ene LR Te 61 | jonesi, Pseudopolymorphina_____-__-________ 107 praclongasen ss ee be tee AE 37 | jugosa, Pseudopolymorphina suboblonga____ 91 Problema qs sees sas eee a 19,25 | kagaensis, Sigmoidella______._..____________- 141 (Guttulina) problema, Polymorphina ______- 20>), kishinowyi) Guttulings = ee 40 Guttulina pulchellas==s Se BS) A) Iolo, Srieaaavonaavoyr alata 2 134 GULLIT ECOS tealeree eaee eonens A6io| ala lartalsee olliyanm or) tara 2 eee a 53 Na COMO Says eas ae ess UiGe rele Uy aadien 102 Paymaster eee 53 i stentiakshaes sp gaa Sanat ee SO A OU 34 | lacrima, ericia, Globulina_________-_________- 78 erassicostatas=—=seen eee naes 35 Globulinass 2s sae Sa een 77 SRO} ORD S| ae hee heme oe re eS UIT AE 133 horridas: Globulin asa eee 79 TOMO Te te ew bee a 41 Polymorphina (Globulina)__________ 77 fea egelishy apelin eee Sp ne 42 subsphaerica, Globulina____________ 78 TRON FD BAKO LEV Hes eho eee oS 860 lacryanias Globulin ase eee eee 77 SAGOCMSISH Okina eiee Ta al aoalere Me Eehs 49 | lactea, communis, Polymorphina____________ 20 robo bey aie Tealrs ee Ui as as shames a al nr 45 concava, Polymorphina___.__-.____- 45, 139 SCIMICO Stata ees eae sien yet 48 cuspidata, Polymorphina_____________ 28 SQ MMP aT Aes eee see ee oe 25 diffusa, Polymorphina_______________- 61 (Sigmoidina) pacifica_____________ 50 earlandi, Guttulina______________-____ 45 seguenzana__________ 50 elongate variety, Polymorphina______ 83 Silimestrilene see 51 Guthiling's 322i se ea ea 43 SOMCRIEMONROMNIS Loe yee a 31 novangliae, Polymorphina______-_____ 90 VU GIANT Shee aeons nore 32 Polymorphina________ 20, 43, 75, 77, 79, 83, 138 GEIS OM ape ee en en i cree 28 SerpulasvRolymorphinafaculeatasss==s sees ene 115 nipponensis, Guttulina irregularis___________ 27 ACUI TA yen ae ee ee ee 58 mii, Craiablbhap os ok ee See 79 ACU a eee Seaerer ante 33, 64. 73, 83 Nodosaria (Glandulina) laevigata____________ 143 adih'aerens eee seas 36 nodosaria, Polymorphina___________ 95, 107, 108, 110 EL CLAW TI eat eas Soe ele ere 118 novangliae, Polymorphina lactea____________ 90 UML nies deen Dies ral Por IER 116 Pseudopolymorphina_-__________ 90 AIM OCN AS see eerene tee were 89 MUSSdOneENsIs) ee SeCadiumM=- 2. 922 e222 eee 144 Gato) A ea ee ee 55, 79 nuttalli, Sigmomorphina___________________- 124 PIT O UII peas a a Rear ee 79 nysti, Polymorphina regularis_______________ 122 amygdaloides_____ 52, 73, 85, 129, 131 SISMOMOnphinaee see 122 Vepid aan neten 110 oblonga, Polymorphina_____________ -_ 29, 30, 93, 138 terquemiana______ 129 oblongum, Psecadium______________________- 107 EWAN OSs pent en ee 126 obovata eolymorphinass. 2225 soe se 93 an Sustaeeewss see ee eee 55 obscura, Polymorphina______________._______ 104 as perellavey2 ee see ates 75 Pseudopolymorphina______________ 104 SUStRALIS Met eee ae eee 32 obscuricostata, Polymorphina_______________ 101 AUSUGIACA tl OBl eae a= eee 31 Pseudopolymorphina-_______ 101 DISCTaliShy sewn wen on ee 119 Oise, Croiplboe 28 87 buccwlentas2 a= ee ee 80 IPOlyAdMO Dab. oo ee 85 burdigalensiseaess ss saa emer 113 PAV GUTITTN Beem oes bee RP eS eo 54 lequilensis-_____ 113 okuwaensis, Pseudopolymorphina___________ 98 lone aroner ap Ss ee 25 compressa_ 98 Camp amit apa wees = ee eee 104 orbicularis, Polymorphina gibba_____________ 60 Qayoungales es 124 orbignii, Polymorphina____.______________._- 79 charlottensis=s=2 22 eee 119 onientalise Guttulimas eee eee es 24 Cl eave eka eae) are ates naledeeh 52 ornata, Globulina gibba_____________________ 67 CORMAT AE eee aera ee a 65, 120 LeOhyaonoyeoy abbas ee ee 67 COMMU Seaeene eee eee 20 Orthoceratia tuberosa________________________ 92 ClnUS Cale emanate 85 ovale, Guttulina yabei______________--_______ 31 complanata_.._.__--=2_- 116, 117, 119 Ovals, CHoOlowiihapy ees eo ee eee 61 Strata eae nee 115 Gye pai base Rs Oe eet 54 COMME ESSA aes ae eee ee 89, Pseudopolymorphina________________ 103 92, 94, 102, 119, 123, 126, 138 Ovatay eb olymorphingseses Se 103 dumibleiessasean es 97 Owiionoars, (Gloobhbney es ee 61 Sinlata eee 92 ovoidea, Polymorphina (Globulina) gibba___ 60 COMCAW Ale eae eens Oana 45 ovulum, Polymorphina_-__________________- 85 dentimarginata______ 72 Rayman aoe es Saye ene es Na 58 CONSE CE Astana as ea ee ees 102 Daalzowl, Guttwlinas ss. 22s) eee 46 COME Oa ee ee eyes eee 120 pacifica, Guttulina (Sigmoidina)_____________ 50 COSt a Tawa: aay eal ies Se ican 65, 99 Sigmoidella (Sigmoidina) __________ 50 CRASSA ees S See Loan eed ee 133 peEaleopolyimorphinal sees Noe e sae 112 Crassating= eee ays ee oe ee 133 awit ase Cee ele 112 CREE CEE ters eur IR hie ee 20 pleurostomelloides_______ 112 Cushima nie ae eee 117 parallela, Polymorphina_____________________ 116 euspidata, costulata_________ = 48 regulanisess 2-2 es 116 CyMINGrOldes =k eae eas wea 54, 56 parri, Pseudopolymorphina rutila__.______.. 100 Gamaecornis..--_-----_-_-___- B 28 192 INDEX Page Page Rolymorphinardecorasessss 96 | Polymorphina inequalis_______--___________- 89 deilexaz ease = 22 ae eas eine 41 inflatass <2 2 Ts ae eee 61, 132 depauperata__-____----------- 110 INSIpniss-s- 2 ee eee 133 depressave- aan See eye 110 jacksonensis______--------_--_ 123 CIiSLba tale Gaeee ss Nee 108 costiferd===ee= == 123 Tey het ae ne eS os le 102 Nablata.s52 5 see es lao sce 53 Gis par=nes Seek Sao 37, 114 lactea=ene==== 20, 43, 75, 77, 79, 83, 138 Goaneles 225 Poe tsar s ee hee 95 communis____________- 20 elegantissima_-_---------- 50, 140, 141 Conca a==== === eae 45, 139 elongataetsoe Sate esse ee 119 cuspidata__-.---------- 28 enmersoniees 2 et soe es tees 47 diffusa2 2 eas 61 CQUIBTISH eee ee ees Veen 64 elongate variety___.___- 83 exsentaeee ses s5.25s55-5 28 sos. 80 novangliae____________- 90 exibenSasc 2s eo a ae ee 53 lagenalis! 22:5) se aet ope ee 19 fiScChers= eh AL ee bee 102 lanceolata2=2- 33a 54 Ain Gio te Ba ee ae sa 125 landesi2 2223325 22 eee 71 TORINO SA a es 138 lecointreae a= ee 102 LOTS ITT ee ere eer 114 leopolitana===== === ee 108 frond ene h. NaeA ihe eee 2 Ie 118 leprosa: 2204 ews eee 75 frondiculariformis__---------- 128 Tiassicays2ist see 2 ee ee oe 17 frondicularioides______------- 19 liguassc.ch: =e eae 89 frondiformissae sess seee 122 ling wlatases eee 120 brevisss= sea ee 68 longicollis =.= a= sae 53, 77 UST LO RTI See eee nee ee 54, 56, 73 longistriatas =e 115 ayoblighney 2 3 ee ese oodseoess 112 Nt Ci Cae ee 129 Rib baz eee oe 60, 77, 78, 85 MATSUI eee 120 aequalism@es sss 2222 aeee 64 miledia 2% oe eS eee 110 aM pullaa ee ees 79 mendezensis-____-------------- 109 orbiculariseessss2see==— 60 metensis:: <24)o- ee 17 aikeey OU Re pacers eens estan Se ke 120 minuta=<.2 2.243 eee 83 Sil ES Bee at ee NBs DRS a ee tp 42 MUCKOnatas sees as eee 138 POW OSAS oe eee ee ees 64, 69 munsteri-=\- {2 eee 85 (Globulina) angusta__-------- 37 myristiformis_-____-____--_-_- 66 Costatameeses= == 65 nodosaria___--------- 95, 107, 108, 110 deformis__------- 23 Oblongassae. saeeeseees 29, 30, 93, 138 depressa__------- 110 obovataseiou2 is eae 93 elongata--_------- $1 obscura. 33242334 104 Ci bale sae 60 obscuricostata______---------- 101 ovoidea__-_-_ 60 obtusa2: 2222 ee eee 85 pirula__---- 60 orbigniia. 2223 eee 79 subgibba- - 60 ormatass. 22+ 222s .. 2 67 granulosa_-__----- 81 Ovatas22 chee ee 103 grateloupi- -----_ 81 OV 8 ae ee een 85 lACriMme==esssee a= 77 parallelasi= 3 Goss aS aaa 116 Spinosage= =e == 68 pauperatass== = ee 74, 130 tuberculata--_--- 68 pernaeformis_.~_-------------- 120 gracilisste. ee ee ae ee 83 pleurostomelloides- ---------- 112 CranUlOSdsenas sees See 81 politav: 2223. os. eae 82 FEAR psy a et a 84 Poly gonads = eee ee 17 Cut taser se eee 51, 77, 78 praclonga..=255.--2=o2 ee 37 Ciuttatars -ae lees a sees eae 29 problemal-222 ===) === 19 OUTG HILO TIN See eee rer 38 deltoidea___________- 133 (Guttulina) costatula______--_ 35 indica Sa 99 damaecornis----- 28 Vario.) eee 20 lanceolata--_----- 55 proteiformis___-_------------- 144 latase ene ee te 20 proteus- --_--- Lo sul ioe eee 93 megapolitana_--_ 130 pulchellas== =e 33 MinimMasssseae= 83 pupa eee 82 DanVaee nae 95 (Pyrula) acuminata__------_- 58 problema___----- 20 Treginiay22- 6. = ee eee 32, 34, 92 hirsuta) see ese eee 69 rutilas2s 2 eee 100 ingyen ss eo ee 75, 79 regularise seen 120, 125, 126, 130 © NOW CHU eee ee eee eee 121 lingulata_____-_-_-__ 120 HUMID ol ditt sa eee 126 Niystices2-42 sear 122 incavatasls: owns ee ee 114 parallelaseeesese ees 116 INCELbA es see ee eee NS 110 pernaeformis____-_-- 120 Polymorphina rhabdogonioides rotundata__-_-__- rugosa__________ sacculus__--_-_- schlumbergeri__ schwageri-__-___ seguenzana_____ semicostata-___ semitecta_______ Similise sas ses= cuspidata____________ spatulata_______ spicaeformis___- spinosa-_-_------ subcompressa _— subcruciata-_-__ subcylindricas2= = 22s subdepressa___- subdilatata_____ subsphaerica___ subteres___-____ Sulcataneas= sees Lenera see eee teretiuscula____ Lexanass sesso sse Haowuv oes oe translucida_____ trigonula_______ trilocularis_____ TUT AG y undulosa____-__- vicksburgensis _ _ vitrea, glandulinoides________ williamsoni____ zeuschneri-_____- ponderosa, Guttulina__________ praelonga, Guttulina__________ Polymorphina_____ prisca, Globulina problema, deltoidea, Polymorphina_-_-____--_- Guttulinase 2 =< indica, Polymorphina_-__-_-------- Polymorphina--___- (Guttulina) ______- var., Polymorphina- proteiformis, Polymorphina-___ proteus, Polymorphina_______- Psecadium acuminatus_______-_ nussdorfensis______ oblongum__________ INDEX Page 18 | Pseudopolymorphina atlantica_____-_-_____- 86 compressa, okuwaensis 88 Cunt ass Sees a ie ees 108 decoral.22- eee 69 Gi git tae ee eens 120 Goanele a es 121 Gollissi=e= sae 130 tenuistriata __ 50 dumiblei--_-=2=2=- 2: = 48 nan Za ale ee 129 UALS) OR yao te es oi 83 indicas= ess eee 92 japonica________ 110 ishikawaensis________- 41, 83 JONES See oa ae eee 85 leopolitana==-2 === 55 Weak Se ee ees 105 mendezensis-_--_-_------- 31 novangliae___________- 68, 75 ODSCUTaS =e 89 obscuricostata____-____ 87 okuwaensis_______--__- 107 OW ALIS Sees ener 104 Dalvie: sont e eR eS 110 paucicostata_____--___- 110 phaleropei________--__- 114 TUNG eas wie 2 ease eS eae 7 Parris a Lee 54 Sollokyoyil 2 66 Spatulatawes ose 55 Stra tants oc i 104 subcylindrica________- 96 subnodosa_____-------- 57, 107 suboblonga_____--____- 128 jugosa_____ 74 AAO EN Hs eee ee eh 28 fischeri_______- 136 zeuschneri_______-_____ 105 | pseudoregularis, Sigmomorpha (Sigmomor- 68 phing) ae 87 Sigmomorphina________-____ Iie epulchellastGyuuGt lina sens meee 31 Roly OTD hin a) ee eee 41 | punctata, Globulina________.-._-_--_-------- 101 Pb DaAse eae aS Ses 59 | pupa, Polymorphina---_-__------------.---- 53 | (Pyrula) acuminata, Polymorphina__-----_-- 144 | pyrula, Globulina rotundata_____------------ 138 Polymorphina rotundata-___-------- OOM Ryruling acuminatase.2s 22-52 ae ane se as 61 albatrossiese ee eee oe ee se eae 37 eylindroides 222 Sasa eee 37 Extensa fies ae Se ee SOs 73 PVISTLO IMTS See ee ee ee 133 gutta Fae Be eee SESS SE SSSASSASSSSSSa5 19, 25 labia tase sea ae See eas Obtusa2 22222 a ee ee 99 19 CONABU YD te She th EN es a eS ae réeticulosas=22 = — eee ee ee ee 20 Fey 20 thouini__ ae VelaSscoensiSssee = =e eee 144 wicksburgensises= sows an sees eee EB. | “@pmchwltinc oe se 144 frondicularioides____-_---------- 144 laSenayise= wat ane Se ee ele 107 rhabdogonioides_____-_-----_---- 106 92 107 110 INDEX 194 Page Page QUIMGIE COS Task Git Ul ira epee eee ene 46 | Sigmomorphina aliceae______________________ 139 racemosa, Guttulinae 2-22) == 2s 102 HOEMETN ATT see 134 regina, crassicostata, Guttulina______________ 35 Gojoe ee 124 Guntiulin gases ae ee Sete a 34 CON CAV A252 ooo ee eee NE ene 139 AON FO AIT. ee ek 82, 34, 92 ClaSSAso- epee eS a Nee 133 rutila, Polymorphina_________________ 100 PLDT GT Se SOS eee ae Ce 125 regularis, lingulata, Polymorphina___________ 120 frondiculariformis___________ 125 nysti, Polymorphina______-_-_____ 122 | (Sigmomorphina) frondiculariformis, Sigmo- parallela, Polymorphina___________ 116 IMOrP MA 222. SU Se ae ale eae eee 128 pernaeformis, Polymorphina_____-_- 120 | Sigmomorphina gallowayi___________________ 135 Polymorphina_______-___ 120, 125, 126, 130 JAacCKSONeNS|SHe =e 123 SISMOmMorp him awe. oe 126 costifera__..____ 123 ME ULCU] OSes yagUTI ira a eer eee ere pu alee Ce 59 KO tO le S22 A ae een 134 ROU, Cllevachovbing = ke 144 lerame yO fale 131] rhabdogonioides, Polymorphina_____________ 18 nuttallic o> See 124 Quadrulina =e ane 18 MS tists = oe a oe ee 122 MOLURE, Envinnnlbhies. 2 a 133 pearceydse FN Ae a 132 roemeri, gigas, Guttulina__._.._________-___- 42 pseudoregularis_____________ 125 Gnovoylhoey se sae se as 41 | (Sigmomorphina) pseudoregularis, Sigmo- Gruyabbbagy,. oe eaves 41 §00K0)0| 0) Ob: yea eee ee De ee 125 rRoyobaKokeniey, Cholli 86 | Sigmomorphina regularis____________________ 126 GroniipuMbhoe) 3 sot ee ee 86 sawanensis__.___._________-_ 137 EXO AaMOFE ONaUNAE LL he Se 86 schenchka=2 22 7eahe sees 133 pyrula, Globuling==-22222 52 88 Schiwacenitt +5227 ice eae 130 Polymorphina___________ 88 SCMUIGE CT AA eee eee EE 129 IRUIGUIS, eto) hyacaKoyoyavways ys. ke ee eS 108 terquemiana______ 129 rugosa, Globulina___________ Petey een Di 69 COrGa) 253) ee ee ar 128 Oya OT kin ae eee ae 69 ¢rilocularisye= a= aaeeee 136 rutila, parri, Pseudopolymorphina__________- 100 CLINI tatensis sas 134 Polymorphina regina_________________ 100 UndwlOSas =e eee 131 Pseudopolymorphina_________________ 100 SVEL U1 Gio era ey ee ae 137 sacculus;, Polymorphing 23202520 sas 120 williamsoni_________________ 138 Sadoensise Giuttuilim aes ae eee ee nee 49 YOK Vana 136 SiiaaovouaaVayr ows 28 ee 49 | (Sigmomorphina) yokoyamai, Sigmomorpha_ 136 sawanensis, Sigmomorpha___________________ 137 | silvestrii, Guttulina (Sigmoidina)___________ 51 Sigmomonphinawe: sass= sou IBY/ ||: rooaubbisy Nexo bisonYoypoyoubala 83 Schafte rik Gut tuaina aise eee a nce ee a 45 esoldanit se oliyamonp lin asses see ee 92 schencki, Sigmomorphina____________________ 133 Pseudopolymorphina______________ 92 schlumbergeri, Polymorphina__.____________ 121 | solidula, Polymorphina_-_-_____.____________- 110 schwageri, Polymorphina___________________- 130 | sororia, consobrina, Polymorphina.__________ 85 Sigmomorphinae 252222 130 cuspidata, Polymorphina____________ 55 seguenzana, Guttulina (Sigmoidina)_________ 50 Rolymorp lines sass ne 41, 83 Rolyanorphingses= sess eenr 50 | spatulota, Polymorphina__-__.._..__________ 105 semicostatay Guttulimg 2-2-2205. ees es 48 Pseudopolymorphina _____________ 105 Polyamonphinaes soe es vee 48 | spicaeformis, australis, Guttulina___________- 32 SemiplanasGiurctwlima see eee es 25 Gaur) ra eee 31 semitecta, Polymorphina- 22-22-2222 129 Roly morphinaees== sae 31 Sigmomorphina___________________ 129 | spinata, Globulina inaequalis_____.._________ 76 terquemiana, Sigmomorphina____- 129) @SpinosasyG lob ulin a see eee 68 Serpulavlactea sary w eck. heya ee etd eget ere ee 43 Polym orp hin ase seen eee 68, 75 tenuisjovalisilacvise. sess ease aes 43 (Globulina) _______- 68 Sigmoidella elegantissima____________________ 140 | striata, Globuline gibba__________-____-__.+- 65 Lica epeVeu ata eee ers eS 141 Polymorphina complanata_____---__ 115 MATSATC TAC eae. = waa eee ee 142 COMpPreSssas= == 2, jolphaowaaeeVa sos Si 142 Pseudopolymorphina________________ 92 (Sigmoidina) pacifica___________- 50) | subbalpinay Globulin ae = ee eee 87, 93 (Sigmoidina) pacifiea, Guttulina_____________ 50 | subcompressa, Polymorphina________________ 89 Sigmoidellasssaassees= 50 | subcruciata, Polymorphina___..._.__-_-_-_-_- 87 seguenzana, Guttulina_________ 5 subcylindrica, Polymorphina_______________- 107 silvestrii, Guttulina____________ 51 Pseudopolymorphina________- 107 Sig Momorphaysad oensiswe sea ee 49 | subdepressa, Polymorphina_-_._-___________- 104 SEVWiAT CT G1 S eee ae eee ed 137 | subdilatata, Polymorphina_-_____-.___________ 116 (Sigmomorphina) frondiculari- Subgibba Glo bulimia eee 60 TOPTIIS ue ee eee 128 Polymorphina (Globulina) gibba_- 60 pseudoregu- subnoaosa, Polymorphina____-______-___--_- 110 laniseeee 125 Pseudopolymorphina___________ 110 yokoyamai_ 136 | suboblonga, jugosa, Pseudopolymorphina____ 91 triloculani sees ere 136 Pseudopolymorphina___---.--_- 91 INDEX Page subrhombica, Polymorphina---------------- 1 HuberosasOnuhoceratiase sean s ese eam ee subsphaerica, Globulina lacrima___---------- 78 etubwlosas Globulings== sss ess Polymorphina-_-_------------- FS || Hoidomaenra, CMoowlbbnpe oe ee subteres, Polymorphina- -------------------- 54 | turgida, Guttulina_- = == 25-22-22 === -2------- suleata, Polymorphina-_------.------------- 66 AS Pp ee rueelcee = 2+ -------=----+------ 2 undulosa, Polymorphina-------------------- tenera. Polymorphina----------------------- 55 i : ice ia Pe ; 3 Sigmomorphinal22s 2225 2s saee ese tenuistriata, Pseudopolymorphina dollfussi-. 106 : ; 5 i : uviformis, Polymorphina_-----------------.- teretiuscula, Polymorphina--_---------------- 104 2 5 5 4 Uviullas Polymorphings.seess 222) See Eee ee terquemiana, Polymorphina amygdaloides-- 129 x F : 5 4 Varlans Gl Ob Ulin a ssaeee ns nee ee Sigmomorphina semitecta ----- 129 ; 5 ; ‘ variata, fischeri, Pseudopolymorphina______- texana, Polymorphina__-__------------------- 96 : ae i ie) Polymorphinay-seessse see See thouini, Polymorphina--_------------------- 57, 107 : : ts Pseudopolymorphina- -_------------ ays ulirna ees e as ee B7/ eae ; 5 vaughani, Sigmomorphina___-_--------------- torta, Polymorphina--....------------------- 128 FH s : : velascoensis, Polymorphina____-------------- Sigmomorphinga=ssss ae e 128 : ; ‘a (Psi TV a eee eee ee eae a translucida, Globulina__--------------------- 74, : i aie cconina 74 verrucosa, Globulina gibba_----------------- Soe LaMar RRL FS vicksburgensis, Polymorphin _ ___---------- transversa, Globulina____-------------------- 61 Pyrulinas. Su aCe eee eee trigonula, Guttulima__-------.--------------- 28 | vitrea, glandulinoides, Polymorphina_------- Polymonphima os == 222 28 Gord Cali rieyieoea en ee a, ean ee trilocularis, Polymorphina______-___-_------- 136 | williamsoni, Polymorphina.___-------__----- Sigmormorpha-_-_--------------- 136 Sigmomorphina---------------- Sigmomorphina----------------- Tei It srororelsse, Ghounuliiog\ trinitatensis, Sigmomorphina_--------------- 1S4aeyabel Glubtwhin asses ese imisenialisGlobulimase.22 su Sessa 88 OvalesGrittwlinasse 222. a eee eee truncata, Polymorphina ---_----------------- 105 layamaza kins Guittpulinassson lass: a Se tuberculata, Globulina---------------------- 68 | yokoyamai, Sigmomorpha (Sigmomorphina) Pibbasse aw sae ee 68 Sigmomorphinas2 225s s22==2=5=- iPolymorphinass2=-22255522——-—— 68 | zeuschneri, Polymorphina_------------------ (Globulins) -_--- 68 Pseudopolymorphina- ----------- 195 Page 30 3] 40 136 136 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1930 urs dg ty ERK THE CAODAL MOLT OF CERTAIN CORACIIFORM, COLIIFORM, AND PICIFORM BIRDS. By Herserr PrrepMann Curator, Division of Birds, United States National Museum In the great majority of birds, the molts of which have been studied, the order in which the rectrices are shed and replaced is centrifugal, that is, the middle pair are the first to be dropped and renewed, and the molt proceeds outward, the successive feathers being affected in turn, the outermost pair being the last to be molted. In fact, so widespread is this type of molt that it has come to be regarded as the usual condition in birds. Thus, Stone (1) found that in cases, ; x * * where there is an appreciable difference in the time of shedding the different pairs of tail feathers, it is the general rule that the outermost pair is the last to be shed, and birds are not infrequently found with the new central pair of tail feathers half grown, while the old outermost pair is still retained. * * * In, Qwiscalus and some other birds the central pair is the last to be molted, all the others having nearly completed their growth before the old middle feathers are shed. In the Woodpeckers the molt begins with the pair next to the middle and extends outward while the central pair is the last to be shed. * * #* In this family the tail has a particular function, i. e., in climbing; hence the slow molt, as the birds would be at a great disadvantage if the whole tail was lost at once. The central pair of feathers are of particular importance, and the old ones are, therefore, retained until the new quilis of the next pair have become sufficiently developed to temporarily take their place during their own renewal. It may be gathered from the above quotation that there are some exceptions to the usual centrifugal sequence of rectricial ecdysis, and it is the object of the present paper to record further exceptions, and to suggest that with continued study more such cases will prob- ably be discovered. Years ago Heinroth (12) recorded two types of tail molt—“ centrifugal” and “ alternating,” and while some of his observations are inaccurate, still his paper is a valuable one and little deserves the neglect it has received. No. 2830.—PROCEEDINGS U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. 77, ART. 7. 93064—30 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 Beebe (2) seems to have been the first to record a centripetal type of tail molt (that is, one starting with the outermost pair of rec- trices and proceeding inward and ending with the middle pair, in other words, just the opposite of the centrifugal type), and, indeed, it is in his work that the two terms centripetal and centrif- ugal were first applied to the present subject. Beebe found that some pheasants started the caudal molt with the middle pair of rectrices, while others began with the outermost pair. Later, in another paper (3) he made a hasty survey of immediately available material and found that a woodpecker (Celeus species) also had a centripetal tail molt. All the true pheasants (subfamily Phasianinae containing, according to Beebe, the genera Lophophorus, Chal- cophasis, Acomus, Lophura, Diardigallus, Lobiophasis, Crossop- tilon, Gennaeus, Catreus, Pucrasia, Syrmaticus, Calophasis, Phasi- anus, Chrysolophus, and Gallus) have a centripetal tail molt, while the Perdicinae (genera Perdix, Coturnix, Caccabis, Francolinus, Pter- nestes, etc.) have a centrifugal type. In the peafowl (Pavo) the molt begins with the second from the outermost pair and * * * there follows a regular progression inward, the outer pair being molted just before the inner ones. This sequence is invariable, both in the 10 pairs of rectrices of the cock and the 9 pairs of the peahen. In the argus pheasants and their allies (subfamily Argusianinae containing the genera Polyplectron, Chaleurus, Argusianus, and Rheimardius) Beebe finds the molt to begin with the third from the central pair and to proceed outward and inward, the second and first pairs (inner) falling, respectively, between the fourth and the fifth and the fifth and the sixth pairs. In his life history studies of the Panamanian toucan, Rhamphastos brevicarinatus, Van Tyne (4) writes that— * = * in their method of tail molt toucans are nearly unique among birds. Instead of molting the restrices in regular order, beginning’ with the central pair and progressing outward, they exactly reverse this and molt the tail from the outer toward the central feathers. Beebe * * * first de- seribed this and called it the “ centripetal type” of tail molt. He also recorded this type * * * ina tropical woodpecker (Celeus) and in certain pheasants, I am not aware of its occurrence outside of these groups. The fact that a centripetal type of tail molt had been found in a woodpecker and in a toucan suggested the thought that it might be fairly widely distributed among coraciine and picarian birds. Con- sequently, while studying the extensive series of species of these two and related orders collected in Africa by the late Edgar A. Mearns, I made a point of examing their molts in detail. Later I made a rather hasty survey of Neotropical and Asiatic groups not found in Africa to get a somewhat broader picture of the distribution of the centripetal tail molt. ART. 7 CAUDAL MOLT OF BIRDS—FRIEDMANN 3 I find that most woodpeckers molt their rectrices centrifugally, but a few, such as Campethera nubica nubica, Dinopium javanenstis intermedia, and Picus viridis viridis appear to have a centripetal caudal molt. However, it should be noted that my observations are made wholly on skins in the museum, not on living birds, and that the cases of apparently centripetal ecdysis may well be all of the type described above by Stone and also by Heinroth (12). How- ever, Dendropicos fuscescens hemprichii and Thripias namaquus have a regularly centrifugal molt. Stone’s explanation, quoted above, has a teleological flavor that need not concern us in this con- nection, as this paper is meant merely to record certain facts and not to advance or criticize any hypotheses concerning them. Van Tyne (4) does not mention whether Rhamphastos brevicarina- tus is the only toucan examined by him, or if he studied other species as well and found them all to molt the tail feathers centripetally. IL have gone over the toucans in the collection of the United States National Museum and found molting specimens of eight forms other than the one studied by Van Tyne. The tail molt is centripetal in Rhamphastos tocard, Pteroglossus sanguineus, Pteroglossus in- scriptus, Selentdera spectabilis, and Aulacorhynchus prasinus; it appears to be irregular in Rhamphastos ambiguus, and centrifugal in Rhamphastos erythrorhynchus. Weinroth (12) says that the molt in the Rhamphastidae is centrifugal, but does not list the species examined. The barbets, being among the closest relatives of the toucans, were studied with unusual interest, and the following facts were ascer- tained: A number of species have centrifugal tail molts, but an equal number shed their rectrices centripetally, while some appear to be irregular in their sequence. The order of rectrix renewal has no systematic significance here (or in the toucans) as it has among the pheasants, for it does not remain constant even within generic limits. The following species molt their tail feathers centrifugally: Lybius guifsobalito guifsobalito, Tricholaema diadematum diade- matum, and T’richolaema lacrymoswm lacrymosum. Those with a centripetal molt are 7richolaema melanocephalum stigmatothoraax, Trachyphonus darnaudit bohmi, and Trachyphonus darnaudii usam- biro. Two species, Zrachyphonus erythrocephalus jacksoni and Trachyphonus margaritatus somalicus are irregular in this respect. It may well be that more abundant material will show these. to be definite in their molting sequence and that they are comparable to such cases as Pavo and the Argusianinae in the pheasants. The colies, being one of the best marked, systematically most iso- lated groups of birds, present yet another character to help set them off from all other avian families in the fact that apparently all the species of the group molt their rectrices centripetally. The 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 material available of Colius indicus and Colius castanotus has been very slight, but of Colius striatus (subspecies striatus, kikuyuensis, erlangert, hilgerti, and jebelensis), of Colius macrourus (races mac- rourus and pulcher), and of Colius leucocephalus turneri, the mate- rial has been abundantly ample to demonstrate beyond question the centripetal sequence of their tail molt. Among the buccos and puff birds, the only species that I have found in proper condition for this study are Bucco dysoni and bucco ruficollis ruficollis. The former appears to be irregular, the latter centrifugal in the sequence of rectrix renewal. Only two forms of jacamars with molting tails have been exam- ined: Galbula chalcothorax and Galbaleyrhynchus purusianus, poe of which have centrifugal molts. I have found no evidence of a centripetal type of tail molt in either the kingfishers or the parrots, but the molting material has not been extensive. Heinroth (12) reports only a centrifugal molt in the Alcedinidae, and an irregular molt in the Psittacidae. The kakelaars (Phoeniculidae), of which three forms have been studied (Phoeniculus purpureus niloticus, Phoeniculus somalicus neglectus, and Scoptelus aterrimus notatus), suggest the condition reported by Stone in the woodpeckers. Their tail molt is centrifugal beginning with the next to the middle pair and proceeding out- ward, the middle pair being shed after the fourth pair (counting from the middle). Scoptelus appears to be somewhat less definite in this matter than Phoeniculus. | Only one bee eater (Melittophagus revoilit) has been available in sufficient quantity of molting specimens. Its tail molt is irregular as far as I can make it out; that is, the condition shown in one speci- men contradicts that shown in another, while a third is different from either of the first two. The hornbills are of great interest because of a sexual difference in the tail molt. The females lose all their rectrices simultaneously, while in the males the molt is a long drawn-out process. This ap- pears to be correlated with their peculiar nesting habits. The female is imprisoned in a hole in a tree, the entrance to which is largely plastered over preventing the passage of the bird to and from the nest. While confined in this small space all the old rectrices (and the remiges too) are dropped and new ones are grown. In the males, the tail molt is usually contrifugal, definitely and very regularly so in Lophoceros nasutus nasutus and in Lophoceros ery- throrhynchus erythrorhynchus,; less definite, somewhat irregular, but on the whole, centrifugal in Lophoceros deckeni, Lophoceros jacksoné Bycanistes cristatus cristatus and Bucorvus abyssinicus, where it starts with the middle pair of rectrices and then becomes somewhat ART. 7 CAUDAL MOLT OF BIRDS—-FRIEDMANN 5 irregular in its progression toward the outermost pair; while in Lophoceros melanoleucus geloensis the molt begins simultaneously with the middle and the outermost pair. Wetmore (5) has noted the peculiar condition found in the tail of the Malyan giant hornbill, Rhinoplax vigil, in which but one feather of the central pair is developed at one time. * * * and this spike, much longer than the other rectrices, on reaching maturity, remains in position for more than a year, probably for two. Its companion, beginning its growth after the other has gained its extreme length, then equals it in size. The first feather is then molted and is gradually re- placed by another, so that in the renewal! of this central pair there is a con- tinual alternation instead of the usual method by which these feathers are renewed Synechronously on the right and left sides. The facts presented in this paper form only a beginning of what might quite easily be discovered by a careful examination of the countless specimens of birds preserved in the museums of the world. Molt is an important subject in the biology of birds and it is to be hoped that more investigators will pay attention to it, either directly, or in the course of other studies. Dwight’s work (6) on the molts of passerine birds, and (7) of gulls should be extended to cover all the various groups of birds of the world. Of fairly recent authors only a few have taken much pains with the subject, but those few writers, such as Stressemann (8) on Hos, Merops, Aplornis, Graucatus, and other birds of Ceram, and of Bali (11), and of Laub- mann (9, 10) on kingfishers, have found enough points of interest to stimulate further researches. LITERATURE CITED 1. Srone, WITMER. The Molting of Birds with Special Reference to the Plumages of the Smaller Land Birds of Hastern North America. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1896, p. 114. . BEEBE, C. WILLIAM. Preliminary Pheasant Studies. Zoologica, New York, vol. 1, no. 15, 1914, pp. 263-265. ho Notes on the Birds of Para, Brazil. Zoologica, New York, vol. 2, 1916, p. 74. 4, VAN TYNE, JOSSELYN. The Life History of the Toucan, Rhamphastos brevicarinatus. Univ. of Mich., Mus. Zool. Mise. Publ. no. 19, 1929, p. 12. . WETMORE, ALEX. A Peculiarity in the Growth of the Tail Feathers of the Giant Hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil). Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 47, 1914, pp. 497-500. 6 DwiGHT, JONATHAN, Jr. The Sequence of Plumages and Moults of the Passerine Birds of New York. Annals N. Y. Acad. Sci., vol. 18, 1900, pp. 73-360. on 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 77 DwiGHt, JONATHAN, Jr. The Gulls of the World; Their Plumages, Moults, Variations, Rela- tionships, and Distribution. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 52, 1925, pp. 63-401. 8. STRESEMANN, HRWIN. Die Vé6gel von Seran (Ceram). Novit. Zool., Tring, vol. 21, 1914, pp. 25-153. 9, LAUBMANN, A. Beitrige zur Kenntnis des Verlaufes de Handschwingenmauser bei den Alcedinidae. Der Formenkreis Halcyon (Sauropatis chloris). Verh. Ornith. Ges. Bay. Miinchen, vol. 15, 1923, pp. 383-387. 10. : Beitrage zur Kenntnis des Verlaufes der Handschwingenmauser bet den Alcedinidae. (Second paper). Verh. Ornith. Ges. Bay. Miinchen, vol. 16, 1924, pp. 184-186. 11. STRESEMANN, HRWIN. Die Végel von Bali. Novit. Zool., Tring, vol. 20, 1913, pp. 342-347 (molt of Centropus b. javanensis). 12. HEINROTH, O. Schwingen und Schwanzmauser der Vogel. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin. Jahrgang 1897, pp. 96-118. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1930 SYNONYMICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE NOTES ON PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA By A. B. Ganan Of the Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture In this paper will be found notes and descriptions dealing with species referred to the families Braconidae, Chalcididae, Encyrtidae, Pteromalidae, Eulophidae, Scelionidae, and Bethylidae. Family BRACONIDAE OPIUS BELLUS, new species This species is very distinct from any other represented in the collection of the United States National Museum. Opius trimacula- tus Spinola is said by Lounsbury,! to infest the same host, but ac- cording to Brues and Richardson? that species has hyaline wings. Female.—Length, 3.5 to 4.5 mm. Yellowish testaceous; antennae entirely, tips of mandibles, ocellar triangle, tegulae apically, and ovipositor sheaths black; hind tibiae fuscous, darker at bases and apices; hind tarsi entirely and the apical joint of fore and median tarsi black; wings uniformly strongly fuscous, veins and stigma blackish. Mesoscutum often with a large spot anteriorly and another at each lateral posterior angle, black or blackish. Antenna inserted a little above middle of eyes, 40-jointed in the type (37-40 in the series), a little longer than the body, slightly tapering from base to apex, the first flagellar joint about twice as long as thick, following joints shorter. Head smooth, polished, clothed with pale hairs; viewed from above transverse, as broad as thorax and not quite twice as broad as long, the temples about half as broad as eyes and not at all receding; face hairy, smooth, with very weak setigerous punctures; distance between the eyes below antennae distinctly greater than distance from antennae to apex of clypeus; anterior margin of clypeus somewhat produced; no opening between clypeus and mandibles; mandibles bidentate at apex with a straight ventral 1 Agr. Journ. Cape of Good Hope, vol. 27, 1905, p. 468. 2 Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 82, 19138, p. 503. No. 2831.—PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL Museum, VOL. 77, ART. 8 93065—30 1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM ~— VOL. 77 margin; malar space equal to width of mandible at base; palpi long and slender, maxillary 6-jointed, labial 4-jointed. Mesoscutum smooth and polished, clothed with pale hairs, without parapsidal grooves and without median fovea or groove posteriorly; transverse groove separating mesoscutum from scutellum divided by three carinae; scutellum smooth, hairy; mesopleuron smooth, without an impression below the middle; propodeum smooth, with a very stout median keel, and densely clothed with pale hairs; wing stigma long; marginal cell extending almost to extreme apex of wing; first radial abscissa shorter than width of stigma, second one and one-half times as long as first transverse cubitus; recurrent entering first cubital; legs normal. Abdomen as long as head and thorax, ovate, entirely smooth and polished; first tergite with a short longitudinal carina on each side extending from base to near middle, the apical half of tergite perfectly smooth and without carinae; ovipositor sheaths extending about half the length of abdomen beyond its apex. Male—tLength, 3.5 to 4mm. Antennae 40 to 43 jointed, a little longer than in the female; tergites beyond the third more or less blackish. Otherwise like the female. ; Type locality—Balboa Heights, Panama Canal Zone. Type.—Cat. No. 41100, U.S.N.M. Described from 11 females (1 type) and 3 males (1 allotype) reared from Anastrepha fraterculus Wiedemann by James Zetek and I. Molino at three different localities in the Panama Canal Zone, as follows: Balboa Heights, August, 1926 (Z-2654) ; Ancon, November, 1927 (Z-2911 and Z-2913) ; and Barro Colorado Island, November, 1927 (Z-2909). OPIUS LECTOIDES, new species In the writer’s published key to species of North American Opius * this runs straight to couplet 22, but is distinguished at once from fuscipennis Gahan by the shorter ovipositor and partly black thorax, while it differs from canaliculatus Gahan by its darker color, more strongly infuscated middle portion of forewing, and slightly differ- ently sculptured first tergite, and by the fact that there are only three distinct longitudinal carinae in the groove between the meso- scutum and scutellum instead of five as in canaliculatus. It is also very similar to dectus Gahan,* differing only in that the ovipositor is shorter and the groove at base of the scutellum has fewer foyeae. Female—tLength, 2.4 mm. Head, scape, mandibles, most of the prothorax, mesoscutum, scutellum, axillae, a spot each on meso- pleuron below base of wing, and abdomen dark reddish testaceous; palpi and legs, including all coxae, somewhat paler testaceous; an- 2 Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1915, vol. 49, p. 69. 4Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol. 21, 1919, p. 167. ART. 8 NOTES ON PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA—-GAHAN 3 tennal flagellum, eyes, sides of pronotum for the most part, meso- pleura except as noted, mesosternum, metathorax, propodeum, and ovipositor sheaths black; forewings from base to near apex of stigma weakly infuscated, the rest hyaline. The vertex and occiput are sometimes blackish and the abdomen frequently stained with piceus. Antennae inserted a little above middle of eyes, 29-jointed in the type (29-31 jointed in the series of paratypes), nearly as long as the body, slightly tapering, the first flagellar joint about twice as long as broad, following joints approximately one and one-half times as long as broad; head smooth, polished, clothed with pale hairs; viewed from above, strongly transverse, the temples about half as broad as the eyes and receding from the eye margins; a line between the eyes below antennae distinctly longer than a line from base of antennae to apex of clypeus; the setigerous punctures of face very weak; malar space slightly shorter than the width of mandibles at base; opening between clypeus and mandibles large; mesoscutum polished, with an elongate median longitudinal groove or slit on the posterior half, the parapsidal grooves deeply impressed at the an- terior lateral angles, entirely effaced for nearly two-thirds the length of mesoscutum; groove separating scutellum and mesoscutum deep and divided into four foveae by three distinct carinae; scutellum smooth; mesopleura smooth, with a broad and strongly rugose im- pression below the middle; propodeum coarsely rugose and with a more or less distinct irregular transverse carina a little nearer base than apex; forewing with the first abscissa of radius shorter than the width of stigma; second abscissa of radius distinctly longer than first intercubitus; recurrent vein entering second cubital cell; ab- domen as long as thorax, broadly oval; first tergite a little longer than broad, smooth laterally and basally: but with the apical middle longitudinally rugulose; following tergites smooth; ovipositor short, its sheath about two-thirds as long as hind tarsus. Male.—Length, 2.25 mm. Antennae 36-jointed in the type, a little longer than the body. Color generally somewhat darker than in the female. In addition to the black markings of the female, the occiput, prothorax, and abdomen, except the second tergite, are black in the male. Type locality.—Corvallis, Oreg. Type.—Cat. No. 41099, U.S.N.M. Described from 10 females (1 type) and 5 males reared from Lthagoletis symphoricarpi Curran, the snowberry fruit fiy, by F. H. Lathrop. ; VIPIO MONEILEMAE, new species Female.—Length, exclusive of ovipositor 7 mm.; length of ovi- positor, about 4mm. Head transverse, about one and one-half times as broad as long, the temples full and very nearly as broad as the 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 eyes; malar space equal to nearly half the height of eye; face shining, with weak setigerous punctures, and sparsely covered with long pale hairs; frons shining, divided down the middle by a shallow groove, impunctate laterad of the ocelli and narrowly along each side of the groove but with closely set setigerous punctures elsewhere, the punc- tate areas covered with pubescence which is much finer and shorter than the hairs on the face; vertex and temples polished but with vestiture like that on the face; antennae 45-jointed, about two-thirds as long as the body; scape about twice as long as broad, pedicel broader than long; third joint nearly twice as long as broad, the following joints subquadrate. Thorax smooth, polished, and sparsely hairy; mesonotum without trace of parapsidal grooves; transverse groove between scutellum and mesoscutum narrow and without crenulae; propodeum polished; wings extending beyond apex of abdomen, radial cell short, metacarpus equal to length of stigma and parastigma together; first abscissa of radius equal to width of stigma, second abscissa fully three times the first and very nearly equal to third abscissa; second cubital cell nearly, parallel sided; re- current nervure interstitial; legs normal, the hind tibiae not thick- ened and without a groove. Abdomen elongate ovate, a little longer than head and thorax, about as broad as thorax; first tergite a little longer than broad, with a broad rounded elevation in the middle which is bounded on each side by a finely crenulate furrow, the ele- vated portion and the lateral margins polished; second tergite with a triangular elevated smooth area medially at base and mostly smooth elsewhere, but with a broad rugulose depression on each side of the elevation; suturiform articulation strongly crenulate; a transverse groove on the third tergite and the suture between the third and fourth tergites also crenulate; remainder of abdomen polished; ovi- positor a little longer than the abdomen. MHead, antennae, palpi, tegulae, prosternum, mesopleura for the most part, propodeum, all legs, and the ovipositor sheaths black; prothorax except sternum, mesoscutum, scutellum, metanotum, narrow median longditudinal line on propodeum, and the entire abdomen rufotestaceous; meso- sternum and metasternum more or less obscure testaceous; wings uni- formly deep fuscous with a small hyaline spot at junction of recur- rent vein with cubitus; stigma and veins black. Male——Leneth, 6 mm. Similar in every way to the female (the antennae are lost) except that the hind tibiae are curiously modified in that they are distinctly though not greatly thickened for nearly their whole length and on the dorsal or posterior side a broad deep groove, resembling a slit made with a knife, extends from the basal one-fourth to the apex. Type localities —A guascalientes, Mexico. Type.—Cat. No. 41098, U.S.N.M. ART. 8 NOTES ON PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA—GAHAN 9) Described from three females (one type) received from Leith F. Hitchcock and reared by him from Moneilema species at Aguas- calientes, Mexico, in May, 1927, and four males received from the same collector, reared from Moneilema species at Cedar City, Utah, in September, 1926. Family CHALCIDIDAE BRACHYMERIA NEPHANTIDIS, new species Very similar to Brachymeria thracis (Crawford) but distinguish- able at once by the nearly cylindrical flagellum, the absence of discal cilia on the base of the forewing, and the weaker sculpturing of the sixth tergite. In ¢hracis the fiagellum is very greatly thickened toward the apex and the discal ciliation extends to the base of the wing. Female——Length, 5 mm. Antennal flagellum cylindrical, very shghtly narrower at base than beyond; first funicle joint slightly longer than broad, following funicle joints quadrate or subquadrate ; club a little longer than two preceding funicle joints; antennal de- pression smooth; face with a small median area between clypeus and antennal depression smooth; remainder of head coarsely punctate, the punctation of vertex somewhat coarser than that between the antennal depression and inner eye margins; malar space longer than width of mandible at base; carina separating face from cheeks with a well-developed postorbital branch which extends to the occipital margin. Pronotum, mesoscutum, and scutellum with coarse umbili- cate punctures, the interstices between punctures distinctly less than the diameter of the punctures and finely rugulos®; scutellum rounded at apex, not emarginate; propodeum coarsely rugoso-reticulate, with- out teeth or projections. Forewing behind submarginal vein practi- cally bare of cilia from base to about midway of submarginal vein; stigmal vein short; postmarginal nearly twice as long as stigmal. Hind coxae polished above, closely punctate beneath, without a tuber- cle on inner side; hind femur uniformly finely closely punctate on outer side, with about 10 teeth on the lower margin, the basal tooth not larger than some of the others, without an inner tooth near base. Abdomen as long as head and thorax, pointed ovate; first tergite perfectly smooth and polished; second nearly smooth dorsally but finely shagreened and hairy laterally; third to fifth each smooth basally but with an apical band weakly shagreened and hairy; sixth tergite finely shagreened, with about four transverse rows of very weak subobsolete punctures or pits but much less strongly pitted than in most other species; seventh tergite ventrally at apex coarsely punctate ; ovipositor tip barely exserted. ‘Tegulae, anterior and mid- dle femora at extreme apices, their tibiae at bases and apices, and all 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 17 tarsi yellow; hind femur with a small yellow spot at extreme apex; hind tibia with a yellow spot a short distance from base and its apex yellow; wings hyaline; rest of insect black. Male.—Length, 3 to 4 mm. Sixth tergite more transverse than in the female and with more distinct pits; otherwise like the female. The hind tibia basad of the yellow spot is usually black but in some specimens this basal band is reddish. It is always somewhat darker than the yellow spot. Type locality —Ayodya patnam, India. Type.—Cat. No. 42223, U.S.N.M. Four females and four males received from Remachandra Rao, Coimbatore, India, and all said to have been reared from pupae of Nephantis serinopa Meyrich. The holotype female and another female are labeled “Ayodya patnam, S. R. coll. June 28-30-1924”; a male (allotype), “ Coimbatore, S. R. coll. July 5, 1924”; two females, “ Mangalore, Y. R. Rao coll. Aug. 28, 1925, and October 16, 1924”; one male “ Cochin, Rao coll. Nov. 18, 1920”; and two small males, “ Samalkot, Godivari district, Mch. 22, 1924, R. N. Chari coll.” Family ENCYRTIDAE APHIDENCYRTUS APHIDIVORUS (Mayr) Eneyrius aphidivorus Mayr, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 25, 1875, pp. 712, 718, and 724. Encyrtus shizoneurae ASHM®BAD, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 12, 1885; Proc. p. 16 (new synonymy). Encyrtus aphidiphagus AsHMEAD, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Ent. Bull. 14, 1887, p. 14 (new synonymy). Encyrtus megourae ASHMEAD, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Ent. Bull. 14. 1887, p. 19 (new Synonymy). Encyrtus websteri Howarp, Insect Life, vol. 2, 1890, p. 247, fig. 53 (new synonymy). Aphidencyrtus schizoneurae (ASHMEAD), aphidiphagus (ASHMEAD), megourae (ASHME4D), and websteri (Howarp), ASHMEAD, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 22, 1900, pp. 399 and 400. Aphidencyrtus inquisitor GrRAULT (not Howard), Can. Ent., vol. 48, 1916, p. 342, Aphidencyrtus aphidiphagus (ASHMEAD) GAHAN, Proc. Hnt. Soc. Wash., vol. 25, 19238, p. 187. Aphidencyrtus inquisitor GriswoLp (not Howard), Ann. Ent. Soe. Amer., vol. 19, 1926, p. 331. Aphidencyrtus inquisitor GAHAN (not Howard), Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 71, 1927, art. 4, p. 18. Aphidencyrius inquisitor GriswoLp (not Howard), Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 20, 192 Cy pps o1=93: It was the writer’s good fortune in November, 1927, to spend some time at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna, Austria, studying the important collections of Chalcidoid types of G. Mayr, ART. 8 NOTHS ON PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA—GAHAN vf Arnold Foerster, and other authors located there. Through the abundant courtesy of the custodian, Dr. F. Maidl, cotypes of a number of European species were secured for the United States National Museum collection. Among these were two cotypes of Encyrtus aphidivorus Mayr. ‘These have been compared with the common encyrtid parasite of aphids in America and found to agree in every respect. This parasite, as shown by the above list of synonyms, has been several times described in America and its identity has been some- what obscured by reason of the fact that it has been confused by both A. A. Girault and the writer with (Zncyrtus) Zarhopalus in- quisitor Howard. Encyrtus inquisitor was described by Howard from a single female from Jacksonville, Fla. A female specimen in the National collection labeled “ Jacksonville Florida ” also bears the label “ Type No. 2616” and the name label. This specimen was accepted by both Girault and the writer as the actual type specimen without particular reference to the description, and on the basis of a study of the alleged type the writer, in 1927, synonymized A phi- dencyrtus aphidiphagus (Ashmead), schizoneurae (Ashmead), web- stert (Howard), and megowrae (Ashmead) with ¢gquésitor Howard. Howard’s description and figure of inquisitor, however, can not possibly apply to the alleged type as has been correctly pointed out by P. H. Timberlake.’ Timberlake is without much doubt correct in placing énguésttor Howard in the genus Zarhopalus where Ashmead had previously placed it. | The two references by Griswold (1926 and 1927) under the name A piidencyrtus inquisitor are based upon determinations made by the writer after comparison with the false type and refer to aphi- diwvorus Mayr instead of tnguisttor Howard. COPIDOSOMA NANELLAE Silvestri Copidosoma naneliae Sitvestri, Boll. Lab. Zool. Agr. Portici, vol. 16, 1922, p. 296, figs. 47, 48, and 49. Several specimens of a parasite received from K. A. Salman of the Massachusetts Agricultural College and said to have been reared from larvae of Recurvaria thujaella Kearfott collected in Maine during the summer of 1927 seem to agree in every respect with the description of Copidosoma *nanellae Silvestri, a species which Sil- vestri records as parasitic upon Recurvaria nanella Hiibner in Eu- rope. &. nanella is known to occur in America, and the parasite appears to have been accidentally introduced with its host and to have talen to the related American species R. thujaella. According «~— > Univ. Calif. Pub. Tech. Bull., vol. 3, No. 2, 1924, p. 235. § PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 to Salman the the parasite was very active in controlling this pest of arborvitae in Maine during the season of 1927. Three specimens of the same species were received from C. R. Crosby, reared from PR. thujaella at Ithaca, N. Y., July 2, 1925. Family PTEROMALIDAE HABROCYTUS PHYCIDIS Ashmead Habrocytus phycidis AsSHMEAD, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash,, vol. 4, 1898, p. 157. Habrocytus dug GiRAvLtT, Can. Ent., vol. 49, 1917, pp. 181 and 182) (new synonym). Habrocytus phycidis Ashmead was described from one specimen said to have been reared by George W. Dimmock from a larva of (Phycis) Acrobasis rubrifasciella Packard, July 25, 1892, at Canobie Lake, N. H. Habrocytus dua Girault was described from the same specimen and hence is a synonym. The name phycidis should be substituted for dua in Girault’s key (see above citation), and the name piercet Crawford, which is a good species, should replace phycidis as treated in the key, since Girault’s synonymizing of piercet with phycidis is based upon a misinterpretation of Ashmead’s species. Family HULOPHIDAE HORISMENUS DEPRESSUS, new species Very closely related to H. popenoei Ashmead but differs by.having the scutellum very nearly flat, the face below antennae entirely very finely wrinkled or with only a small smooth spot between bases of antennae instead of being mostly smooth and polished, and the apical abdominal segments more strongly retracted. Female.—Length, 1.85 mm. Occiput, vertex, and frons above trans- verse groove uniformly very finely reticulate-punctate; frons below the transverse groove coarsely punctate; cheeks polished; antennal pedicel very nearly as long as first funicle joint; funicle 3-jointed, the joints hairy and distinctly separated, the first about twice as jong as broad, second slightly shorter than first, third a little longer than broad; club ovate, about as long as first funicle joint and scarcely thicker than the funicle joints; thorax broader between the wings than thick dorsoventrally, the scutellum flattened and in the same horizontal plane as the middle of propodeum or very nearly so, the propodeum not declivous; dorsal posterior portion of pronotum short, separated from the declivous anterior portion by a sharp margin, dis- tinctly sculptured along anterior margin, the posterior border smooth ; declivous portion of pronotum reticulate-punctate; mesonotum with fine shallow reticulation, shining; foveae at posterior end of parapsi- dal grooves shallow and elongate; scutellum similarly but not quite ART. 8 NOTES ON PARASITIC HYMENOPTEHRA—GAHAN 9 so strongly sculptured as mesoscutum, the lateral grooves punctate; axillae finely reticulated; propodeum with the usual longitudinal depressed area on each side of the middle, these areas granularly rugulose and completely separated by a smooth median area which is of about the same width as one of the depressions; base of pro- podeum on either side of the middle with a transverse depressed area or large fovea which is faintly rugulose within; spiracular groove rugulose; rest of the propodeum smooth and polished except that the apical neck is more or less granularly sculptured laterally; pos- terior lateral angle of propodeum forming a short spinelike projec- tion; abdomen shorter than the thorax, truncate at apex, the segments beyond the second almost wholly retracted into the second; petiole a little longer than broad and rugulose; second tergite large, polished basally, with the apical two-thirds very finely shagreened; marginal vein of forewing much longer than submarginal, the latter with two erect spines dorsally. Scape, except at apex, and legs, except their coxae, pallid; occiput and declivous anterior portion of pronotum blackish; remainder of head, pronotum posteriorly, mesoscutum and scutellum, axillae, and smooth portion of propodeum greenish black, with a strong aeneous cast; remainder of propodeum, metanotum, pleura, and coxae black or bluish black; abdomen black, faintly tinged with aeneous; wings hyaline; antennae, except basal three- fourths of scape, black, tinged with aeneous. Male—tLength, 1.8 mm. Antennal funicle distinctly 4-jointed; first and second funicle joints subequal and each about twice as long as thick, third joint slightly shorter, fourth about as broad as long; club not twice as long as fourth funicle; segments of abdomen be- yond the second wholly retracted; head above and mesonotum some- what more strongly aeneous than in the female. Otherwise like the female and hard to distinguish from it except by the antennae and genitalia. Type locality —Alhambra, Calif. Type—Cat. No. 41101, U.S.N.M. Described from 3 females and 15 males reared from Bruchus pruininus Horn by C. K. Fisher. PLEUROTROPIS DETRIMENTOSUS, new species Very similar to nawat Ashmead but differs by having the fronto- vertex much smoother and the scutellum with a broader, well-defined, polished area down the middle. Female.—Length, 1.6 mm. Head slightly broader than thorax; ocellar triangle distinctly rugulose; vertex laterad of lateral ocelli smooth; fronto-vertex with very faint reticulate sculpture, nearly smooth; frons on each side of antennal groove and below the trans- 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 verse groove distinctly finely punctate; face and cheeks smooth; occiput closely punctate; antennal flagellum with all joints thicker than the pedicel; funicle with three subquadrate and well-separated joints, the first joint a little longer than the pedicel; club ovate, a little shorter than the two preceding funicle joints combined, 3-jointed, the apical joint terminating in a short spine. Prothorax short, slightly narrower than mesothorax; declivous anterior aspect ot pronotum sculptured, separated from the dorsal aspect by a deli- cate transverse carina, the dorsal portion perfectly smooth and shin- ing; mesoscutum shining but distinctly reticulated, the inclosed areas along inner margin of scapulae and on posterior half of praescutum elongate and giving the appearance of delicate striations; parapsidal grooves represented posteriorly by broad shallow depressions, effaced anteriorly ; scutellum with a smooth area medially extending from base to apex and occupying approximately one-third the dorsal sur- face, the lateral portions of scutellum distinctly reticulate-striate like the mesoscutum; propodeum polished, with three carinae medi- ally, a delicate median one and the usual two diverging ones; mar- ginal veins of forewing distinctly longer than submarginal, the stigmal and postmarginal short and subequal; submarginal dorsally with two long bristles; hind tibial spur long and slender, as long as the basitarsus and two-thirds of the second tarsal joint combined. Abdomen conic-ovate, very nearly as long as head and thorax together; petiole thick, slightly longer than the propodeum, very finely granularly sculptured and opaque above; second tergite equal in length to the following tergites combined, smooth at base, the apical half very finely but distinctly reticulated except a narrow band at apex which is smooth; tergites beyond the second weakly reticulated; ovipositor not exserted. General color black with a tinge of bronze; antennal flagellum metallic green; scape black; tronto-vertex slightly tinged with green; propodeum and smooth portion of second tergite bright metallic green; wings hyaline; legs ereenish, all tarsi white. Male unknown. Type locality —Palur, South Arcot district, India. Type.—Cat. No. 42294, U.S.N.M. Three females received from Ramachandra Rao are said to have been reared from cocoons of Perisierola species attacking Nephantis serinopa Meyrick. The type is from the above-named type locality, one paratype from Tudiyalur and the other from Thirupatur, Coim- batore, India. ART. § NOTES ON PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA—GAHAN , 14 Family SCELIONIDAE TELENOMUS SPHINGIS Ashmead Teleas sphingis ASHMEAD, Bull. 14, Div. Ent., U. 8S. Dept. Agric., 1887, p. 18. Telenomus sphingis ASHMEAD, Bull. 45, U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1893, p. 155. Telenomus monilicornis ASHMEAD, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. Zool., vol. 25, 1894, p. 203 (new synonymy). I can see no difference between the types of sphingis which were reared from eggs of Phlegethontius sexta Johanssen at Jacksonville, Fia., and the type of monilicornis Ashmead which is a single male collected on the island of St. Vincent. The National collection contains in addition to the types a series of 8 specimens reared from P. sexta at Clarksville, Tenn., by A. C. Morgan; 31 specimens reared from eggs of the same moth at Gurabo, Porto Rico, by W. V. Tower (identified by J. C. Crawford as 7. monilicornis) ; and 2 specimens reared from eggs of P. sewta by G. Russo in the Dominican Republic. TELENOMUS CONNECTANS Ashmead A single female received from G. Russo, Moca, Dominican Repub- lic, and said to have been reared from the egg of Phlegethontius sexta Johanssen has been identified as Telenomus connectans. This appears to be the first host record for this parasite, which was origi- nally described from the island of St. Vincent.® — Family BETHYLIDAE CEPHALONOMIA TARSALIS (Ashmead) Ateleopterus tarsalis ASHMEAD, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., No. 45, 1893, p. 45; female, male, Neoscleroderma tarsale KiEFFER, in Wytsman’s Gen. Ins., 1908, fase. 76, p. 41. Neoscleroderma tarsale KiEFrrer, Das Tierreich, 1914, vol. 41, p. 270. Cephalonomia kiefferi Fouts, Proc. Hnt. Soc. Wash., 1920, vol. 22, p. 71 (new synonymy). J. J. Kieffer placed Ateleopterus tarsalis Ashmead in Neosclero- derma Kieffer along with Ateleopterus virginiense Ashmead and named the latter species as type of the genus. The types of both species have been examined by the writer and found to be not con- generic. The antennae of ¢arsalis are 12-jointed in both sexes and the species belongs in Cephalonomia Westwood. The antennae of virginiense are 13-jointed, and the genus Weoscleroderma will there- fore stand. *'Proe. Zool. Soc. London, 1895, p: 792. 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 The types of Cephalonomia kiefiert Fouts agree in every way with the types of tarsalis. Cephalonomia tarsalis is apparently the commonest ‘species of Bethylidae to be found attacking stored-product insects in America. Specimens are in the collection from Saticoy and Fresno, Calif.; Wellington, Kans.; Agricultural College, Michigan; Vienna, Va.; and Washington, D. C. Oryzaephilus surinamensis Linneaus and Sitophilus oryzae Linneaus are the only species named as hosts in this material. RHABDEPYRIS ZEAE Watersten In February, 1929, J. J. Davis, of Purdue University, sent to the Bureau of Entomology for identification four females and three males of a bethylid which he stated were probably parasites of Tribolium confusum Duval and which had been taken at Lafayette, Ind., February 10, 1929, by L. F. Steiner. The writer identified these specimens at that time as “Rhabdepyris sp. (possibly a new species).” More recently a female of the same insect was received from T. H. Frison, of the Llinois State Laboratory of Natural His- tory, with the information that it was reared from 7’ribolium con- jusum at Lafayette, Ind. Five males of the same species have also been received from the Louisiana Experiment Station, said to have been reared from stored-corn insects at Baton Rouge, La., Novem- her 12, 1928, by C. O. Hopkins. After a careful comparison of this series of specimens with Waterston’s description and figures the conclusion was reached that they did not represent a new species but that they were Rhabdepyris zeae Waterston. Specimens were sent to Dr. James Waterston, of the British Museum, for compari- son with the type, and he has confirmed the identification. This species has not hitherto been recorded from America. It was originally described’ from a single female specimen taken at Liverpool, England, in a shipment of maize from West Africa. The sample of grain was said to have been infested by Calandra oryza Linnaeus, Tribolium castanewm Herbst, and Laemophlaeus ferrugineus Stephens, and Waterston expressed the opinion that the first-named species was almost certainly the host of Rhabdepyris zeae. It appears probable that the species may be found to attack several of the coleopterous pests of stored corn. 7Repts. Grain Pests (War) Committee, Roy. Soc. Lond., No. 9, 1921, p. 27, figs. 14 and 15. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1930 THREE NEW GENERA AND FIVE NEW SPECIES OF PARASITIC CRUSTACEA By H. F. Nierstrrasz Of Utrecht, Netherlands and G. A. Brenprer A BRANDIS Of Blaricum, Netherlands INTRODUCTION In the course of a study of the decapod crustacea parasitized by rhizocephalids, contained in the collection of the United States Na- tional Museum, several unique forms were observed by Dr. H. Boschma, of Leiden, Netherlands. These were entrusted to the authors for determination, together with another species sent direct to us from Washington. . Puzzling as the material at first proved to be, we believe we should make it known an apparently new genus and species of Epicarid, Faba, new genus with /. setosa as the genotype; a new genus and species of parasite of Spirontocaris of problematical systematic affinities; Heptalobus, new genus with H. paradowus as the genotype; and a new rhizocephalid, Duplorbis ocarina, parasitic on Henuar- thus abdominalis (Kr¢gyer), itself a parasite of Spzrontocaris, another case of double or secondary parasitism. The description of a second species of Yaba, F. glabra, belonging to the Bishop Museum, Honolulu, is also given here, as it is the only other known representative of this new genus. A new species and the type of a new genus of Epicarid from China, Apocepon pulcher, is also described. SYSTEMATIC DISCUSSION FABA, new genus Male, unknown; described from the female: Body bean-shaped; almost wholly filled with eggs or embroyos so far as can be ascertained; near the proximal extremity a trunk No. 2832.—PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. 77, ART. 9 93035—30 1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 17 which terminates in an anchorlike head of four teeth; by means of these teeth, which are sunk into the body of the host, the animal is fastened to the latter. On the body are various lines of thick- ened chitin, but whether or not these have anything to do with the original segmentation can not be determined. The two known species of this genus are parasitic on Alpheidae [Crangonidae] and Hippolytidae. The systematic position of the genus aba is somewhat doubtful. The embryos of /. glabra certainly are those of copepods; and no doubt Faba belongs to the Epicaridea. Absolute certainty must, however, wait until the development of the male is known. Accept- ing Fada for the present as an Epicarid, there can be little doubt that this “simple sac filled with eggs” (Richardson, p. 497) belongs to the Tribe Cryptoniscinae. But great difficulties arise in assigning it to any particular family. The greater part of the families sug- gested by Bonnier contain often very few species, sometimes only one species, and these are not always thoroughly known. Hence a clear analysis of the families is often lacking. In one respect, how- even, Bonnier was very positive; each family is related to a different group of hosts. Faba has very few characters; they are of no value in placing it in any of the families now known. Nor can this problem be solved by means of the host, for no family of the Cryptoniscinae is known to prey directly upon decapods, although some forms of Danalza (Liriopsidae) are often found associated with the former. But in these cases a rhizocephalid is the true host, the Danalia perforating the body-wall of the decapod in order to attach itself to the “ root ” of the rhizocephalid, though this is not always the case. It seems that some of these forms have ultimately become parasites of dec- apods. It is possible that Maba represents such a case, and it is true that the mode of attachment of the latter bears a striking re- semblance to Danalia. As we have no other. reason to suppose that Faba is, or has been, a parasite of Rhizocephala, we do not feel justified in regarding it as such. Nor do we set enough value upon the resemblance of the trunk of both forms to regard Danalia and Faba as allied. Only the study of the evolution of the female will enable us to decide the correct systematic position of Faba. FABA SETOSA, new species -Holotype.—Cat. No. 62732, U.S.N.M. One female on Spirontocaris bispinosa Holmes. Type locality Albatross Station 3170, off Central California, 38° 17’ N.; 123° 29’ W.; March 28, 1890; 167 fathoms, mud bottom. Description.—Length, 8 mm. The body, especially the ventral side, is sparsely set with long setae. They are irregularly scattered, arTt.9 NEW PARASITIC CRUSTACHA-—NIERSTRASZ AND BRANDIS thy cos generally directed backwards, and seem to be articulated. The trunk is placed quite near to the oral extremity; it terminates in two longer teeth, directed to the right side of the body, and two smaller ‘ones directed to the left. Around the trunk, near to the body runs a thick ring of a dark brown colour. The body is transparent, with the exception of the rostral part. Only three crosslines are visible on the dorsal and ventral surfaces. On the left side of the latter a row of six tubercles occurs; on the right side only one is to be seen, but it is possible that the others are smaller, so that they can not be distinguished from the embryos, moreover the dorsal part 3 FIGURES 1—5.—FaABA SETOSA, FEMALE, 1, FROM THE LEFT SIDE; 2, FROM THE VENTRAL SIDE; 3, TRUNK; 4, TEETH OF TRUNK; 5, SETA on the right side is somewhat damaged (a, fig. 2). The tubercles may be vestiges of the thoracopods or papillae, as Caulléry has de- scribed for Danalia (Caulléry, p. 606). FABA GLABRA, new species Holotype.—One female on an Alpheid shrimp (Crangon). (Type in the Bishop Museum.) Type locality —Waikiki Reef, Honolulu. Dr. C. H. Edmonston, collector. Description—Leneth, 6 mm. The dorsal surface is somewhat damaged (a, figs. 6-11). The trunk is situated a little behind the rostral extremity. It is longer than the trunk of setosa. The teeth consist of one larger pair directed forward, and a very small pair directed backward (fig. 11). On the ventral surface, in the median part, the wall of the body is opaque and more or less folded. On the remainder of the body an extensive system of lines is to be seen, con- sisting of a number of crosslines and some longitudinal lines. The ah PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 number of these crosslines on the left and right sides of the body differs. The lines are not symmetrically disposed. It may be re- marked that they divide the body, at least at the sides, into eight parts, situated one behind the other. Here and there, at the inter- sections of the longitudinal and transverse lines, small triangular areas are formed. iH Ficurn 6—11.—FABA GLABRA, FEMALB, 6, ON HOST; @=THORACOPOD VIII; 7, FROM THE LEFT SIDE; 8, FROM THE RIGHT SIDE; 9, DORSAL VIEW; 10, VENTRAL SIDB; 11, Ex- TREMITY OF TRUNK HEPTALOBUS, new genus This genus is founded on the female of the species, parasitic in the branchial cavity of Spirontocaris biunguis Rathbun and Spzronto- caris suckleyi (Stimpson). Although forms with seven lobes and forms with five lobes are found, we regard both as belonging not only to the same genus, but also to the same species, as both forms are found on the same host, and, except for the development of arTt.9 NEW PARASITIC CRUSTACEA—-NIERSTRASZ AND BRANDIS 5 dorsal lobes, both agree perfectly. It is therefore probable that the smaller specimens are younger and would have developed dorsal lobes in a later stage, especially as slight indications of sixth and seventh lobes are sometimes to be seen. The systematic position of this organism is quite unknown. Its characters furnish no clue as to its relationships. Only a knowledge of the development and the evolution of the female will answer this question. The largest specimen is 314 mm. long and has a breadth of 4 mm. HEPTALOBUS PARADOXUS, new species Holotype.—Cat. No. 62733, U.S.N.M. A female with seven lobes on Spirontocaris biunguis Rathbun. Type locality.— Albatross Station 3329, Bering Sea, 53° 56’ 50’’ N.; 167° 08’ 15’ W., August 21, 1890, 399 fms. FicuRES 12—14.—HEPTALOBUS PARADOXUS, FEMALE, 12, DORSAL VIEW; 13, VEN- TRAL SIDE; 14, MOUTH PARTS (?) Additional material, a second female with five lobes, also on the host of the type; and four females on Spirontocaris suckleyi (Stimp- son) each with five lobes, Albatross Station 2842, between Unalaska and Cook Inlet, Aleutian Islands. The construction of the ring on the ventral surface can be studied in detail on Figure 14. It consists of two dark colored lateral clasps, which surpass rostrally and caudally a line of thickened chitin. Caudally these clasps seem to terminate in two or three teeth. The rostral line of chitin surpasses the clasps laterally. Between the ring some circles, also of thickened chitin, and two curved dark lines are visible. On the dorsal surface of the figured specimen various lines are found, partly indicative of the organs located beneath the surface of 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 the body. The proximal dorsal lobes show each a slight depression near to the frontal margin; on the left one, a circle can be traced. On the ventral surface two depressions are found on the extremities _of the caudal and the lateral lobes. With other specimens these depressions and lines are missing or differently traced, so that no great importance can be attached to them. DUPLORBIS OCARINA, new species Several females on Hemiarthrus abdominalis (Krgyer) on Spirontocaris arcuata Rathbun, Albatross Station 2842, between FIGURES 15-16.—DUPLORBIS OCARINA, FHMALH, 15, LHFT SIDE. FoR a@ AND 6b SEE TEXT; FOR € AND @ SEE EX- PLANATION OF FicurE 16. 16, TRANSVERSE SECTION THROUGH FEMALE CORRESPONDING WITH THH LINE c—d, FIGURE 15; SCHEMATIC. I, INTESTINE; L, LOBE OF OVARY; M, MARSUPIAL POUCH; O, OVARY Unalaska and Cook Inlet, Aleutian Islands 54° 15’ N., 166° 05’ W., July 23, 1888, 72 fathoms; pebbles; of these the largest has been selected as the holotype (Cat. No. 62734 U.S.N.M.). The species is parasitic in the branchial cavity of HWemiarthrus abdominalis Krgyer. The male is unknown. . The body consisting of three lobes has the shape of an ocarina, a well-known musical instrument. By means of the lobe correspond- ing with the mouthpiece of that instrument, the animal is attached to its host. At the extremity of this lobe is a little incision corre- sponding to the mouth opening. The surface of the body has a ant.9 NEW PARASITIC CRUSTACEA—_NIERSTRASZ AND BRANDIS te netlike appearance, caused by the eggs in the brood pouch. The largest specimen is 4 mm. long (between a and 8, fig. 15). Regarding the internal organization, the following can be said: The intestine (1) is poorly developed; only a portion of it is present, opening through the oral incision. Distally it is closed. To the left and right of the intestine lies a lobe (Li) of the ovary; at some dis- tance beyond the closed extremity of the intestine, these lobes unite to form the unpaired part of the ovary (O). At one side (the ventral side?) the ovary shows two processes (G), lined with large epithelial cells. Their inner surface is covered with a cuticle. They are in communication with the unpaired part of the ovary, being shut off from the rest of the body. The remainder of the body is occupied by the very large brood pouch. According to van Kampen and Boschma, Duplorbis (p. 59) be- longs to the Rhizocephala and in nearly all respects, in shape as well as in structure, our animal corresponds with that genus. Of Duplorbis two species are known, namely, D. calathurae Smith and D. smithi Nierstrasz and Brender 4 Brandis. These three forms each have two oviducts by means of which the ripe ova pass from the ovary into the brood pouch. In D. ocarina, however, we have not been able to trace this communica- tion. We might consider the two appendices (G) as oviducts, but these bodies do not appear to be in communication with the brood pouch. Notwithstanding this, we are inclined to regard them as oviducts, particularly as their internal surface is lined with a cuti- cle. As the brood pouch is filled with embryos, there must have been some connection with the ovary, and in our opinion, at least, through the processes referred to above. They probably close after the passage of the eggs, to reopen when the ovary is again ripe for the next periodical set of ova. APOCEPON, new genus For generic characters we have: Memale: Pleural lamellae on abdominal segments I-V; lamellae elongate, and digitate (princi- pally on caudal margin) ; exopods of pleopods long and digitate; endopods very short (rudimentary) and smooth; without medio- dorsal bosses on peraeon or pleon. Male; Pleotelson markedly bifur- cate; no rudiments of pleopods or uropods present; no medio-ventral bosses. This genus is closely allied to 7rapezicepon * and maybe to Leidya, in so far as the endopods (of the pleopods) of the latter are rudi- mentary, which can not be clearly made out in reading Leidy’s de- 1 Bonnier, J.: Contribution 4 l’étude des Hpicarides. Les Bopyridae. Paris, 1900, p. 269. 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 scription or in studying his figures.? In fact, the females of Trape- zicepon and Apocepon can only be separated in such minor points as the frontal lamina of the cephalon—which is large with Trapezicepon eet -Pleur. boss, J yee Pleur. boss 18 Figures 17-19.—APocEPON PULCHER, FEMALB, 17, DORSAL VIEW; 18, VENTRAL VIEW OF ABDOMEN WITHOUT PLEURAL LAMELLAE, EXOPODS, AND UROPODS ; 19, UROPODS and absent with Apocepon, the length of the exopods of the peo- pods—longer with Apocepon than with Trapezicepon; and the habi- 2 Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ser. 2, vol. 8, 1855, p. 150, pl. 11, figs. 26-32, quoted in H. Richardson, A Monograph on the Isopods of North America, Bull. 56, U. S. Nat. Mus., Washington, 1905, p. 511 art.9 NEW PARASITIC CRUSTACEA—-NIERSTRASZ AND BRANDIS 9 tus—Trapezicepon is more thickset. With Zetdya it differs also in the absence of a frontal lamina, whereas the uropods of the latter are much narrower. The chief differences with these genera lie in the male: The male of Trapezicepon has rudimentary pleopods, whereas the male of Leidya has “ peculiar ventral appendages ” (Leidy) and long uropods. Moreover the male of Trapezicepon has a medio-ventral boss on the thoracic segments and the first abdominal segment. APOCEPON PULCHER, new species Holotype.—Cat. No. 62961, U.S.N.M. One female with male on Philyra pisum de Haan. Tsingtau, China; T. Urita coll. Description of Female—tLength (without uropods) 8 mm.; breadth 544 mm. Without eyes. Body more or less ovoid; cephalon clearly bilobed. Pleural bosses (ovarian bosses) very prominent and wrinkled, but generally not clearly set off. Coxal plates absent. Exopods of first pair of pleopods very long, reaching to the second thoracic segment. Remaining exopods on the longer side of the animal also very long, reach- ing to the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth seg- ments, respectively. Those of the shorter side much shorter. Endopods linguiform. At the longer side, the pleural lamella of the first ab- dominal segment is about one-third or one- fourth of the length of the exopod; remaining a pleural lamellae somewhat longer than the first. ricurm 20—Arocrron Uropods very broad in the middle, and with neural aay the extremity turned outward. Description of Male—Length 314% mm. Slender, and somewhat tapering caudally. Eyes absent. Pleotelson V-shaped, and as long as the abdominal segments IV and V together. LITERATURE CauLLERY, M.: Recherches sur les Liriopsidae. Mitth. Zodlog., Neapel, vol. 18, 1906-1908, pp. 583-648. v. Kampen, P. N. and H. BoscHmMa: Die Rhizocephalen der Siboga-Expedition. Monographie 3lbis Siboga-Expeditie, Leiden, 1925, pp. 1-61. NIERSTRASZ, H. F. and Z. S. BRENDER A BRANpIS: Die Isopoden der Siboga-Expe- dition, II Ispoda Genuina I. Epicaridea. Monographie 32.0, Siboga- Expeditie. RICHARDSON, H.: A Monograph on the Isopods of North-America. Bull. 54 U. S. Nat. Mus., 1905, pp. 1-727. SmirH, G.: Rhizocephala, Fauna u. Flora d. Golfes v. Neapel, Monographie 29, 1906, pp. 1-123. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1930 La TALON i TNR aS naa PiU HNC Baie UN Vay a Hey ahah A NEARLY COMPLETE SHELL OF THE EXTINCT TURTLi, TRACHEMYS SCULPTA By CuHartes W. GILMoRE Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology, United States National Museum INTRODUCTION A nearly complete articulated carapace and plastron of an Emyid turtle, discovered in 1928 by Dr. J. W. Gidley in Pleistocene deposits in the vicinity of Melbourne (‘‘Golf Course locality”), Brevard County, Florida, appears to be referable to the little known Z’rache- mys sculpta Hay. In being the most perfectly preserved specimen yet found of this species, it contributes much to a better understanding of the skeletal anatomy and is, therefore worthy of the detailed descrip- tion that follows. TRACHEMYS SCULPTA Hay Plates 1, 2, and 3 The type specimen upon which the above species was established consists of a complete nuchal bone, from the Pleistocene of Hillsboro County, Florida. In the original description! Hay provisionally associated with the type specimen certain other parts of the carapace, none of which is known to pertain to the same individual. Subsequently other scattered bones of the carapace were described? by the same authority. It is obvious, therefore, that it is the nuchal bone alone that must be relied upon to furnish the characters which distinguish Trachemys sculpta from the other species of the genus. The identification of the present specimen (Cat. No. 11839, U.S. N. M.) as belonging to T. sculpta rests upon the similarity in size, proportions and other features of the nuchal bone with the type. The broad rounded carina within the area of the first vertebral; the long narrow nuchal scute that is raised into a strong ridge; deeply sunken sulci and similarity in the sculpture of their dorsal surfaces these two bones are in full accord. I am aware of the fact that some herpetologists no longer regard Trachemys as a valid genus but include its species under the genus A ae O. P., Fossil Turtles of North America, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1908, p. 351, pl. 54, gs. 4-9, 2 Highth Ann. Rept. Geol. Surv. of Florida, 1916, pp. 68-70, pl. 7, figs. 8-10. No. 2833.—-PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. 77, ART. 10 93847—30 1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 Pseudemys. For the present, however, I shall follow Hay, who recog- nizes no less than nine extinct species all referred to Trachemys. Five of these, 7. euglypha (Leidy), T. sculpta Hay, T. jarmani Hay, T. nuchocarinata Hay, and T. delicata Hay were founded upon specimens from Florida. All except YT. delicata a supposed Pliocene species are from the Pleistocene. TJ. bisornata originally described from the Pleistocene of Texas has also been recognized ? among Florida materials. While there is reason to question the validity of some of these species, as most of them were founded on fragmentary specimens, more abundant and better preserved materials are necessary before a revision can be attempted. Specimen (Cat. No. 11839, U. S. N. M.) here identified as Trachemys sculpta Hay is a nearly complete uncrushed shell, lacking the third and eleventh peripherals from the left side, and the eighth and tenth from the right side; neural seven and eight, and the pygal. The plastron lacks the epi-ento-and xiphiplastra. The carapace is strongly arched in all directions. Viewed from above it is subovate in outline, broad in front, obtusely pointed behind. The median anterior border shallowly concave. In a straight line its greatest length is about 280 mm., the greatest trans- verse diameter at mid length being about 230 mm. In elevation this specimen is relatively greater than any of the living species of Pseu- demys in the National collections; its maximum height being 137 mm. Along the center of the carapace, within the areas of the vertebral scutes the surface is somewhat swollen above the general contour of the shell, culminating within vertebrals three and four in obtusely rounded keels that are interrupted by the vertebral sulci separating these dorsal scutes. The margin of the carapace behind the inguinal notches is thin and comes to an acute edge that is shallowly scalloped. The anterior margins are obtusely rounded except at the center which is also acute. The sulci are everywhere deeply impressed. The entire dorsal surface is beautifully and ornately sculptured with grooves, ridges and low pustular elevations. The areas within the vertebral scutes are smoothest, but here too some sculpture is present in the form of faint ridges and grooves that in general radiate from the central region of each scute. On the costal bones traversed by the intercostal sulci the sculpturing is much less pronounced than on the others. The costals are traversed by grooves and ridges that generally run parallel with the length of the animal. Many of the ridges are broken up at varying intervals, thus forming elevations of various sizes. The areas bordering the costo-peripheral sutuce is crossed at right angles by regular ridging, that forms a band extending 3 Highth Ann. Rept. Geol. Surv. of Florida, 1916, p. 67. art. 10 THE EXTINCT TURTLE TRACHEMYS SCULPTA—GILMORE 3 almost entirely around the circumference of the carapace. The peripheral surfaces are ornamented with coarse ridges the trend of direction varying with their position on the shell. In the anterior ones these ridges have a diagonal trend away from the center of the carapace becoming parallel with the length of the shell on the third and continuing so to the sulcus on peripheral seven. In the succeed- ing peripherals the area in front of the sulcus the ridging is at right angles to the free border, while posterior to the sulcus the diagonal trend continues. The under surface of the plastron is without dis- tinctive ornamenta- tion, only a slight roughening of the hyo- and hypoplastral areas. The nuchal has a length of 56 mm., a width in front of 24 mm. and a maximum width of 63mm. These same measurements of the type, taken in the same order, are 55 mm., 29 mm., and 63 mm., respectively. The anterior edge is obtuse and slightly notched on either side of the nuchal scute. The form and pro- portions of the neurals are clearly shown in Figure 1. Their di- mensions are given in th t bl FIGURE 1.—CARAPACE OF TRACHEMYS SCULPTA Hay. Cat. No. € table. 11839, U.S.N.M. NEARLY ONE-THIRD NATURAL SIZE Element Length Width Millimeters Millimeters 34. ! TAO TEN APSE a RU Sc a PN ta a aly 4.0 19. 5 ‘USAIN LN SNe 9 AU EDN A ah 8 rn 2 ec 26. 0 22. 0 CE Pe US MBI le DMA AAD er CREAN NN te OPO a a 30. 0 DOR Tf Bc aS ICIS ll ol GRE OSHS ACTORS TN ir US 27.0 Me siCl SPECTOR TRE EMG) EAN eer ten ER bse a ROU AM RSME EEA LEE ESRD 28. 0 30. 0 (Gh 2 eh Paine ure le) Urea OE ear aR Pa SUNG NCS UM us et SRV A NUDE HI 18. 7 25. 0 EA MORIN EKONLL EO) a ICIS ROT LAN ci HeD RONDE RANE es ON Us te 15. 0 21. 0 ES EO CUTAN Sg sao Wa a CD TU a HC PU a aa 15. 0 20. 0 Le 0 .0 0 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL 77 One of the outstanding structural features of 7. sculpta seems to be the great distal expansion of costals three and five and the consequent narrowing of costals two and four. YT. hill1 (Cope) shows the costals to be fairly uniform in width as they are in most extant species of Pseudemys. So little is known of the costals of the other extinct species of Trachemys that they do not permit of comparison being made with the present specimen. Excepting peripheral one which presents an acute free border the others are obtuse and only slightly everted. Over the bridge an ob- tuse keel intervenes be- tween the upper and lower portions of the shell. The free borders of the posterior periph- erals are acutely edged and distinctly scal- loped. The sulci are every- where deeply im- pressed. The form of the various scutes may be clearly determined from Figure 1. The sits table gives the dimen- FIGURE 2.—PLASTRON OF TRACHEMYS sScULPTA Hay. Cat. No. sions of the verte- 11839, U.S.N.M. NEARLY ONE-THIRD NATURAL SIzE brals. The nuchal scute is long and narrow and raised into a strong ridge, that projects slightly beyond the free edge. The sulci separating the costal from the marginal scutes traverses the peripherals some distance below the costo-peripheral sutures from the nuchal to the eleventh peripheral, where it rises and crosses the midline on the posterior border of the suprapygal, a condition occasionally found in the West Indian Pseudemys rugosa and P. palustrus. In T. hilli (Cope) this sulcus crosses the midline below the suture on the pygal, and the sulci more nearly coincide with the costo-peripheral sutures, as they do in most specimens of Pseudemys that have come under my notice. ant. 10 THE EXTINCT TURTLE TRACHEMYS SCULPTA—GILMORE 5) Scute Length Width Millimeters Millimeters \VPeSRE STONE TU RA Sg Nang i NO NL SELL 3 4 a eg lp eg NN a a EN Al CN Ca 55 55 Cy AR 5S ea VOSS 58 59 0 ss UD SES PD RCT SENG RAO IRTP EST hs RTL SAC Sd NSS, 533 58 pS NAS RRS pA) TG aM eg ag Ate es a 49 65 The plastron is shown in Figure 2 with the missing epi-ento-and xiphiplastral bones restored from related species. ‘The plastron is flat, turning up slightly at the anterior end. Its surface is indistinctly sculptured. The anterior lobe has a width of 132 mm., width of posterior lobe 130 mm. The bridge is 118 mm. wide. The ento- plastron has a greatest transverse diameter of 45 mm. The hyo- plastra at the midline are 70 mm. long; the hypoplastra 81 mm. _ The pectoral scutes are 36 mm. long at the center; the abdominals 74 mm. The pectohumeral sulcus passes 4 mm. posterior to the entoplastron. In the ornate sculpturing of the carapace, the alternate widening and narrowing of the costal plates, and the costo-marginal sulci run- ning well below the peripheral sutures, except on the pygal, Trachemys sculpta has its closest resemblances in the West Indian Pseudemys palustrus. In height of shell, however, the extinct form greatiy exceeds any of the living species of Pseudemys except P. ornata. EXPLANATION OF PLATES PLatTe 1 Trachemys sculpta Hay, Cat. No. 11839, U.S.N.M. Carapace viewed from above. Specimen from ‘‘Golf course locality,’ Brevard County, Florida. About one-half natural size. 6 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 77, ART. 10 PL. 1 TRACHEMYS SCULPTA. CARAPACE FROM ABOVE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 6, U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS VOL. 77, ART. 10 PL. 2 TRACHEMYS SCULPTA. PLASTRON AND CARAPACE FROM LOWER SIDE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 7. PLATE 2 Trachemys sculpta Hay, Cat. No. 11839, U.S.N.M. Plastron and carapace viewed from the lower side. Less than one-half natural size. 7 PLATE 3 Trachemys sculpta Hay, No. 11839, U.S.N.M. Viewed from the right side Slightly more than one-half natural size. 8 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1930 ‘8 39Vd SES ALlV1d AO NOILVYNV1dXa HOS S3qIS LHSOIY AHL WOYSN “VLdINOS SAWSAHOVYL E“Id Ol “LYV “ZL “1OA ‘SONIGSHS90uUd WNASNW IWNOILVN “S “nN THE HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS MADE BY DR. HUGH M. SMITH IN SIAM FROM 1923 TO 1929 By Doris M. Cocnran Assistant Curator, Division of Reptiles and Batrachians For a number of years the United States National Museum has been the fortunate recipient of rather extensive collections from southeastern Asia. Dr. W. L. Abbott began work in this region while its fauna was still relatively unknown, the remarkable collections made by him in the islands of Malaysia as well as on the mainland itself still yielding valuable material for study purposes. Other collectors have augmented this material, and recognition of the possibilities of the zoologic study of this region has been manifested by various museums. Most of Doctor Abbott’s reptiles and amphibians were taken in Trong, Peninsular Siam. Our series of specimens from the northern part of Siam was very limited until the time when Dr. Hugh M. Smith, formerly Chief of the Bureau of Fisheries at Washington, D. C., went to Bangkok to assume control of the development of fisheries resources for the kingdom of Siam. Since 1923 we have been receiving large and varied shipments of excellently preserved biological specimens from Doctor Smith, from which some new species have already been described. A complete list of the specimens which he has sent to the United States National Museum from 1923 through 1929 has been prepared, and it is hoped that new locality records will stimulate further work by various collectors in regions only partly explored at the present time. The letter S preceding a bracketed number indicates the collector’s number given to the speci- men by Doctor Smith in the field. Original references are given to species described since 1912, the date of Boulenger’s ‘‘Fauna of the Malay Peninsula.” No. 2834.—PROCEEDINGS U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. 77, ART. 11. 94383—30——1 1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 77 AMPHIBIA SALIENTIA OXYDOZYGA LIMA (Tschudi) U.S.N.M. IPA recension Bandons seeks Ue tee Sept. 17, 1923. OF 20 ie munvienale == ess 2 WSS) Rese TR SI Oct. 8, 1923. 67(305-Ge- ee eee eS Sikut River, Ban Pan__--_-- Novy. 25, 1923. GU BO Mere ES weds es pasake Rivera eee eae Dec. 10, 1923. GS ll Sas ue ee ee Gera Sim oe eee re a Jan. 12, 1924. 70040 (S2245)_...------ Bangkok: 2.7 takes Sages S Nov. 7, 1925. COUZG—Seoes Ne ee ey Nong Mong, Krabin_------ Aug. 4-Sept. 1, 1925. COVSOS G22 3. Sere Behe hy Lam Tong Lang___-------- July, 1925. MOSM — SOLS eee ae Tora tise a ee ee es Aug. 7, 1924. W2200—5 2S 2m seek eee Rahengese cease ye Oct. 17, 1926. 72249) (S2828) -.------.- Nakon!Sawanwseossn seme Oct. 12, 1926. M2ZOV— Ore LOS fe Bangson, near Chumporn_-- October, 1926 (R. Hav- mdller, collector). 75475-8 (S3513 part)_._.. Nong Ri, Nakon Nayok-_--- June 1, 1927. CASADEI SS ence Srakeo, near Krabin----.-- May 10, 1928. 75650-2 (S3693-5) ------ Bam eK Kir serine MN arr Apr. 25, 1928. COOWG Bee ere ee AE Ns Tadi Stream, Nakon Srita- July 7, 1928. marat. MOSG1I Stiinta Ue oe Chomtibomn'gees 2a aale ea Nov. 29, 1928. [Called “‘kiet’’—the noise made by it.—H. M. S|] OXYDOZYGA MARTENSI (Peters) G29 Gi es Heke eins ee! SikuGeRiver: wm sau ane ae ae Nov. 15, 1923. (O01 Sse s te Bangkok mei. 6 ny Gee Aug. 8, 1925. (COMSAS i wee see Banesadet. 2 sais sua aa May 30, 1925. CA QTARSSD eects ee eG Pare OI a tee ee ea May 16, 1925. CAD SS sere es 2 es es rama son ela oe ere July, 1925. (ipa Ua a AS aap as Ee ES 8 Retain Bang k okies SS uate es Pele oe Aug. 5, 1926. W2NOG— Obed: ee sce es tii eee Ralen gt hile 2 pele eee es Oct. 17, 1926. PPX Gye * Mie a ate aA ROVESY Oa Wed ee EN oe pS A UE, [Label lost.—H. M. S.]} COPS OTA AS aise Se eee Nong iGhorsas ssa een Feb. 7, 1927. CRS GSAS Matis So cen as aig gee Be Prachi See eee eee angen June 6, 1928. CAO Use UR SC kL Tadi Stream, Nakon Srita- July 7, 1928. marat. 76831 (S4058) __-------- iKaojSeming = 2/2 {267 Sos Oct. 17, 1928. COSCO 2 Gee Scie eae et Chombongs ss aaa aie tes Nov. 29, 1928. No. 72115 was taken from the stomach of a snake, U.S.N.M. No. 72072, Natriz submimata. RANA ERYTHRAEA (Schlegel) U.S.N.M. G7 243-52ce 2 eee ae Bangpakong River__.------ July 2, 1923. OU 2545 Soe beth ae ays ee INontalbo wri sya ee ee Sept. 2, 1923. GHZ 7S Oi oe aes a eel ea HT BeaH Ves INTC Hy ye ayo Sa Oct. 8, 1923. 67469)\(S558)) 2222 22a es Koh Si Koh Ha, Tale Sap__ Oct. 7, 1923. 67470)(S639) = 22 e eee Nakon River] -. 224s sae Oct. 19, 1923. art.11 HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS FROM SIAM—COCHRAN 3 U.S.N.M. 70051-7383 (82036, 82041, Bangkok_..._.-.--------- July 30-Sept. 23, 1925. $2114). W2L00-111 (S2893) = 2-2 Chgset lee Jk Lia OE as June 11, 1926. CSASUAL ga ies ane Si AalerINOi mae eels ena Ode Oct. 8, 1923. 72266, juvenal________-- Bangson, near Chumporn_-- October, 1926 (R. Hav- molier). W260) juvenal 222522222 IN On GK OTe aye ere ee ee, Feb. 7, 1927 75601-6 (S3773-8) ____-- Bangpli, Samrong Canal__-- June 2, 1928. 75658—60 (88738-9, Bangkok__--------------- May 18—June 19, 1928. $3794). MOOOSSLOR Me! et ee Tadi Stream, Nakon Srita- July 7, 1928. marat. 76081-—2 (S8889-90) ___-- Ban Bem) Ngaqes es leae July 15, 1928. The young specimen, 72661, from Nong Khor has a narrower tibia. and shorter webs than the other specimens listed here. The speci- men from Bangson, 72266, can not be positively identified because of: its poor preservation and its small size. RANA ALTICOLA Boulenger 72261 ___ eae oe nee ea S. E. of Tung Song_------- October, 1926. This species is represented by 19 tadpoles collected by R. Havmdller in a waterfall stream two hours’ journey southeast of Tung Song. The tadpole with the light circle on the tail, its black color, and its large size is not to be mistaken. RANA RUGULOSA Wiegmann This common species of frog has been collected in various regions by Dr. Hugh M. Smith, as in Bangkok, Nong Khor, Nong Mong, Pak- nampo, Nakon Sawan, Nong Ri, Prachin, Srakeo, Kanburi, and Pichit. RANA LIMNOCKHARIS Gravenhorst This species seems to be met with wherever there are streams or ponds. As rice fields are found throughout this region, there is every opportunity for these frogs to breed and multiply, in spite of their numerous enemies. ‘They have been collected by Dr. Hugh M. Smith in the Bangpakong River, Rajaburi, Chao Phya, Nontaburi, Bandon, Tale Noi, Sikut River, Pasak River, Bangkok, Nong Khor, Nong Mong, Raheng, Bangson, Nong Ri, Bangpli, Prachin, Srakeo, Hue Vieng, Sao Tong, Ban Chai Montri on the Klong Tadi, Ban Ta Yai, Ban Prakien, Pichit, and on Koh Samui in the Gulf of Siam. Mr. R. Havméiller has found it at Angkor, Cambodia. RANA CANCRIVORA Gravenhorst U.S.N.M. 67466-7 (S582-3)_______ Tale Noi village_-__-_ 2 __ Oct. 8, 1923. 67468 (S677) _____------ PaleiNakara’8 2284. vine ko! Oct. 20, 1923. 72213-7 (82668, 2671-4). Lem Sing__..-._._...-.__- June 11, 1926 [Padi fields]. 76827 ($4047), juvenal__. Kao Seming____-_.___-___ Oct. 11, 1928. zt PROCEEDINGS OF TEH NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 The left foot of No. 67467 shows a peculiar malformation which I have never seen before. The three outer toes are quite normal, but the inner two toes are about equal in length and are grown together almost to the tips. At half their length they turn sharply inwards at right angles and finally point directly backwards toward the heel. The other foot of this individual is normal. RANA NIGROVITTATA (Biyth) U.S.N.M. (On Wee Aas A Pe a Lg a Pa ROT ese ee ee eis ese May 16, 1925. UPANKG, (SEED) So ee Kohy@hane sis iis iu wean Jan. 6, 1926. 75593-600 (83765-72)___ Pran River, Peninsular Siam. May 25, 1928. 76846 (S4136),__________ Doi Ame kae Ws Cereals Dec. 8, 1928. RANA KOHCHANGAE Smith Rana kohchangae Smitu, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 4, 1922, p. 223, pl. 9, fig. 5. U.S.N.M. (ON SS GX) se Ses a Kola Clyne sos koe ee Jan. 7, 1926. Although these are all very young frogs which have not long com- pleted their metamorphosis, they evidently are referable to this species of large-headed frog which Dr. Malcolm Smith has recently described from Koh Chang. RANA LATERALIS Boulenger U.S.N.M. £20165-72 (S2170-—1, Nong Mong -___.___-___-_- Aug. 20-Sept. 1, 1925. $2185-7, $2194). ‘70189-200, juvenal_____- lbpyon I Morne Ibayame SL July, 1925. 75522-3 (S3507-8) __---__- Nong Ri, Nakon Nayok ..-- June 1, 1927. One of the most interesting finds was the discovery of this rather rare species at Nong Mong, Lam Tong Lang, and Nong Ri. The diagonal glands on the back are plainly visible in fully half of the 20 specimens. The glands always run from the left shoulder toward the right hip, and are frequently emphasized by a black pigment accompanying them. The age of the individual seems to have nothing to do with the development of these diagonal glands, for some of the largest as well as some of the smallest ones are quite smooth, while some show very distinct diagonal ridges. RANA LIMBORGIT Sclater U.S.N.M. 6/320 adults 2 2a ee ee STR A Sel oY Spring of 1924. G732l—sjuvena le ae CG a Ma A Do. Gi324) tadpoles =seee eee eee CLO Ue ae ee es Do. One adult male and three very young frogs and some tadpoles belonging to this species have been collected by Dr. Hugh M. Smith in Siam, but unfortunately the exact locality record did not accom- pany thespecimens. The adult (No. 67320) measures 33 m. in length, which is exactly the same as one of Boulenger’s specimens cited in art.11 HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS FROM SIAM——COCHRAN o Records of the Indian Museum,'! ‘This frog tallies in every point with Boulenger’s summary of the species with one exception—the last three phalanges of the fourth toe are said to be free of any web, while in No. 67320 there is a narrow but distinct fringe of webbing along the toe nearly to the terminal disk. The three young frogs (67321, 67322, and 67323) have evidently only just metamorphosed from the tadpole stage, and measure 12 mm., 10 mm., and 9 mm., respectively. In the largest of these the web on the fourth toe may be plainly seen to extend nearly to the terminal disk, although it becomes very narrow. A vial of tadpoles accompanies these frogs, probably belonging to the same species. RANA MACRODACTYLA (Ginther) CU PEA DUA a Bangson, near Chumporn.. October, 1926. This frog was collected by Mr. R. Havmdller. RANA MACRODON (Duméril and Bibron) U.S.N.M. 76064 (838538) ____------- Ban Kairiwong.s220e2 2a July 10, 1928. [‘“Kob.” Back olive, with black spots —H. M. 8.] RANA CHALCONOTA (Schlegel) U.S.N.M. WOUUSH(S3928)) 2 24 Le Kao Luang, Nakon Srita- July 17, 1928. marat. RANA LATOPALMATA Boulenger U.S.N.M. 76844-5 (S4134—5)_.__-_- DoitAn eka eee eee rane we Dec. 8, 1928. This is the first Siamese record for this species. POLYPEDATES LEUCOMYSTAX (Gravenhorst) U.S.N.M. BAS 2 ry gee ge Ra AD UPB sep AR SER July 30, 1923. (SVCD) i Nontaburies 42 cana Sept. 2, 1923. 67465 (S599) ___.-------- Ban@omn 2222 yes een 1922 (R. Havmdller). TADS a tc a ea Ss A Bango kia eis hee UO. Aug. 7, 1923. COILS a A Ban! Sadetes2s e002. 0825.0 May 30, 1925. OLS ID ois a a aA ape Bl Nong Mong, Krabin_____- Aug. 22, 1925. TOAD... | ae elgg) ee ete a Aug. 23, 1925. 70179-80 (S1962-8) ___--- Balke JO Gea seiiles cto May 18, 1925. CRO TSA aU pee DA a mist iD, CLO CAN ate an May 16, 1925. 70203 (tadpoles) ._..--_-- Iekayaved oy gee os ie ee es: Aug. 4, 1926. F218=31 (62864, $2745, | 1) Gon ac eee hu May 22-Dee. 9, 1926. $2762, 82767-9, S2772-4 §2808-11, $2898). M2294) (S294 6) 2S 2 so Toh Rao sys pn aae a eal 2 Dee. 29, 1926. a0) (SPOTS) ee eS Bandon esi yee cu Jan. 6, 1927. 75525-45 (S3511)___----- Nong Ri, Nakon Nayok___- June 1, 1927. 75630-1 (S3727-8) ____--- Srakeo, near Krabin_____- May 10, 1928. CGA, (SROS) Bs Beas ee TE Seenrallo canst ae ata Rac Apr. 16, 1928. @ooGl—2) (S38692..53796).-” “Bangkok 22) we i Apr. 25—June 28, 1928. WO836- (S402) 0 bse Mamipangs spate s ay Nov. 17, 1928. 1 Vol. 20, 1920, p. 57. 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 77 The tadpoles 70203 are in all stages, from the very small ones up to one which already has the fore and hind legs but with the tail still unabsorbed. PHILAUTUS NONGKHORENSIS Cochran Philautus nongkhorensis Cocuran, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 40, Dec. 2, 1927, p. 179. U.S.N.M. ROOSG VO He ee seta Noms) thors Seba eee ans Oct. 4-5, 1925. POMOS Cygne) ue Ose ie Ch 2 OE ae ee. Oct. 5, 1925. PHILAUTUS HANSENAE Cochran Philauius hansenae Cocuran, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 40, Dec. 2, 1927, p. 181. U.S.N.M. 70109, male adult (type). Nong Khor_______________ Oct. 4, 1925. OTTO Gs sans Une oe uN neat hat CG Koga se: he Oct. 4-5, 1925. 70135, female adult______ Ban Sadeteeas chee mein ie May 30, 1925. MICROHYLA PULCHRA (Hallowell) U.S.N.M. TAUB Retest aa i ae Re INons) Mon geass e see es Aug. 20, 1925. 75459-60 (83513 part)_._ Nong Ri, Nakon Nayok____ June 1, 1927. MICROBYLA BUTLERI Boulenger U.S.N.M. CADE RSII SS) a ae IEE SNS None Khor’. 22 siege ek Sept. 27, 1925. COPANO a gd ns SURG UOT Rn ROVE ZI CoA A aa cise Label lost.—H. M. 8. MICROHYLA ACHATINA (Boie) U.S.N.M. OOS OW Sea ee ee NLS Banekokpy: re tae a ete Ke Aug. 8, 1925. “AOI ORES GE NO NOT ee or INCovaleey I kG avoy ed ME i Ske Oct. 4, 1925. DOS SA Ose Nee ert aA Tas plea CONE eee Ne Neee Behe Sept. 27, 1925. W2295— 50 Ores new ater ne Eo) ey BEY jaa rN I Dec. 29, 1926. CAPA SY OS acim Bane Koky: iver ie sia he Aaa ee Aug. 7, 1926. TZ2OC68 Oe eee Sayers ewe Pe 6a WRN eA areas AMS Label lost —H. M.S. 75472-4 (83513 part)____ Nong Ri, Nakon Nayok__-_ June 1, 1928. MOOS CS Bees WNL a Be ty. Pea ic WL ea De ee May 25, 1928. ASST US 19 aes RE EM Heol Mao este ee ie ake ae Sept. 20, 1928. Regarding the Koh Tao specimens, the collector notes that they are found ‘‘in jungle near water. Back light gray-green with brown markings. A black lateral streak. Very noisy at night.” MICROHYLA BERDMOREI (Blyth) U.S.N.M. MOO9ZE(S2 Gi) eens INOmo GO ries seh on sagem Oct. 1, 1925. C2132) (S2328) Eee sae SPS EEN sao Ko) ey esa Meg 8 Moe NS Nov. 15, 1925. fp es ls RE SY INon gy Khor 3 22a iencgiecen Feb. 7, 1927. 72664 ($3087). == 22 -- Jayorayovlloyynn 4 ee January, 1927. The specimen from Ronpibun was collected by Mr. R. Havméller. The Pak Jong frog on which I based my description of Microhyla malcolmi” is said by Mr. Parker to be an aberrant individual of 2 Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 40, Dee. 2, 1927. ART. 11 HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS FROM SIAM—-COCHRAN 7 M. berdmorei (see H. W. Parker, The Brevicipitid Frogs of the Genus Microhyla.’’* MICROHYLA ORNATA (Duméril and Bibron) U.S.N.M. OMS ee ee LS 8 Bangkok sioner Sie ery June 15, 1928. CUES) ss See eg SikutMRiven.. oie suet Nov. 15, 1923. WO04I SORE se se 2s ek Bangkok ised aes Ise Aug. 8, 1925. WOOMOS SO tee Bh nee (ca art gona a alg ers Le Aug. 6, 1925. ROOST OSs ae eee None Khoria see samy a Oct. 5, 1925. AAO UBUS 2 Girne hc CL eae eae Mn Nee a Ee Oct. 4, 1925. ADULTE IG) oD) Sa Nong Mone pea ee a Sept. 1, 1925. MOMNSA pe meen oe Palko Some ie a Wee am aon May 16-18, 1925. 70202, many tadpoles_.__. Bangkok_____---_------ Aug. 4, 1925. MOSSG One omei een. oye 3 Ieyayer VeGovoyene ew Sept. 27, 1925. TPS VEN 0) Op pee Angkor Wat, Cambodia__ Jan. 12, 1926. 75461—71 (S3513 part)... Nong Ri, Nakon Nayok_-. June 1, 1927.. TEXAS he saa Srakeo, near Krabin_-_-_--_ May 10, 1928. ULL Ease ale gl a Tadi Stream, Nakon Srita- July 7, 1928. marat. The numerous tadpoles from Bangkok recorded under U.S.N.M. 70202, while fairly transparent, are a dusky grayish color, and even in alcohol show evidence of a purplish iridescence beneath. This bears out Dr. Malcolm Smith’s observation * that ‘‘the transparent tadpole of Microhyla ornata, as described by Stanley Flower, is by no means always colorless but can assume quite a respectable shade of gray- brown.” These tadpoles are not in a very advanced stage of develop- ment, for in only a few cases do they have the hind legs, while none have the fore legs. KALOULA PULCHRA Gray U.S.N.M. oO) 2 a a a Banakoke sae iene eek July 14, 1923. ies (0,9 Mines a Pasa Rimes cure We Dec. 10, 1923. Giazon(Sol) eye. ee Bang ko kie se cuca yey July 7, 1923. Bathroom of Hotel Royal.—H. M.S. 70032-9 (S2048-55)___.-._-_-- GO sea a De ae Aug. 6, 1925. M0090) (S21159) 23 oe IN foyaver I KINO ype athe Oct. 1, 1925. MOMS 2TOS))2 622 ss INongs Vion eee aes Sept. 3, 1925. M0200) ($2246) 22.2 2 a = Bang kok eeu e ew ia Nov. 7, 1925. MUIR (S282 Oo Ses aw CSG AE A/a oe Sept. 8, 1926. Dr. Hugh M. Smith’s yard. 72155 (82400)__________ Holy Change aie gl ys Jan. 11, 1926. G2N86 (S2835) 2422 2 Palknam pore see ue Oct. 18, 1926. 75524 (S3514) _-2...-__- Nong Ri, Nakon Nayok_. June 1, 1927. 75586 (S3764)___------- Pree ese? ae el a a May 25, 1928. 75642-3 (S3630-1) _____- d GfaHyal OV Di a HAS a aS Ne Or Apr. 15, 1928. 75663-9 (83673, 83690, Bangkok___._._________- Apr. 22-28, 1928. S$3703-7). @6098 (S3912) e225 eee. Pichitiwe a2 a seu hae Aug. 8, 1928. 76125 (83940) ____.-.-.- Bang kokiig i aapee i ibsgk eh) Aug. 24, 1928. 3 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 10, vol. 2, November, 1928, p. 481. ‘Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 2, June, 1916, p. 33. 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 [Called ‘‘ung-arng’’—the noise made by the creature during rains.— H. M.S.] CALLUELLA GUTTULATA (Blyth) U.S.N.M. COO OS soe RAR SRP tetas Nong Khor. 2232 see Oct. 5, 1925. PONT Ey gi apg aT 9) Ss AG NS SR as LOE si BU te oh igcaet Do. COLAC TOE GRA SES a Nong Monga 22a sae negee 2 Aug. 30, 1925. COLE tad pole wee Aaa uee ney Goss 2 ilhe URS eS Aug. 22, 1925. GLYPHOGLOSSUS MOLOSSUS Giinther U.S.N.M. 72210-1 (S2500-1)______ Sikiuamearwicora: teers Feb. 25, 1926. BUFO MELANOSTICTUS Schneider U.S.N.M. G7 235— 6252 Se ee Wie Pam pek ok ee wine a lass ie Nase June 8, 1928. OAD AEC I SN eft I Nontaburijo ssa) seo ees Sept. 2, 1928. OAS) (SH) a aE Koh Si Koh Ha, Tale Sap__ Oct. 7, 19238. 67464 (S579)_____...__- RaleyNot villages === see 1922 (R. Havméller). 70087-9 (S2197-9)_____- Bangkok 27 Maca tg enc Oct. 15, 1928. CECA LIC = (CUES SE ESN RU Ue GG NE eA IN Nov. 11, 1926. G2UGL S28 41) Ma Vat eng, Were hems eee Boccia Oct. 12, 1926. 72218-9 (S2665-6) _____- Wemay Sines ay Pk eas June 11, 1926. 42250 (82346) oS ae) Bangkok Sa ype simone El Dec. 16, 1925. G22 (S2389) ees es Angkor, Cambodia-_-__.--_-- Jan. 12, 1926. GODS SOO eae ea ee wa aN Ue OY Scene 6 AVS a aa) May 25, 1928. 75670-8 (S3687-9, 3691, Bangkok___._._-_-_._-_-- Apr. 25-28, 1928. 3698-3702). @GO2T (S8S26) Uae Pes Ban TavVai Oi escuela July 9, 1928. 76096-7 (S3910-1)______ Cee Tah tts co ay SN. fa The i Aug. 8, 1928. 72116-7. These two young toads were taken from the stomach of a snake, U.S.N.M. No. 72067, Holarchus cyclurus. [Siamese name ‘“‘kang (=chin) kok (=hit or knock).”’ A popular Siamese belief is that this toad may knock a person’s bare foot with its lower jaw and make a poisonous wound, like a ringworm, with its milky mucus. The wound may be treated with scraped human finger-nails applied with water.—H. M. S.] BUFO MACROTIS Boulenger U.S.N.M. 75546-83 (S3509) ___---- Nong Ri, Nakon Nayok..-_ June 1, 1927. BUFO PARVUS Boulenger U.S.N.M. (O1205(S3926) eee ee Kao Luang, Nakon Srita- July 16, 1928. marat. BUFO ASPER Gravenhorst U.S.N.M. 72680)(S3089)) juvenal!]4)Ronpibuns- 29> 222s aa swe Jan. 1927 (R. Havmél- ler). WOO37a(S8Sol) eves yes BY aI DN) Koy wap iat gE RGU EN July 9, 1928. 76065-7 (S3848-9, S3866)_ Ban Kiriwong_------------ July 10, 1928. 76078-9 (S3875-6) __---- Banvituay ae) eae July 12, 1928. 76119 (S3921), juvenal__. Kao Luang, Nakon Srita- July 15, 1928. marat. art.11 HHRPHTOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS FROM SIAM—COCHRAN 9 APODA ICHTHYOPHIS GLUTINOSUS Linnaeus U.S.N.M. Gi258-00.H@-_- = 8 INontabunilesenmem a yee ee Sept. 2, 1923. WOOZ0- st MS1975), S2218,, Bangkok (Sse > eae yi oe June 9-Oct. 30, 1925. $2288). TUG oe Sa a Se CLO Res rene eee us Mi ie Dec. 16, 1925. 72132-3 (S2820, S2895) _______ LOLA ET al ae Sept. 8-Dec. 7, 1926. MeO OM (S29 B2) ee ae Koh Tao, Gulf of Siam____-- Jan. 1, 1927. Moon(Saa gis hs oak peut So Kee ey Ries eA ia Aug. 4, 1927. CGIZS) (S398t) 2s 2s Koh Tao, Gulf of Siam___-_- Sept. 18, 1928. The presence or absence of a yellowish lateral stripe, used as a distinguishing character to separate glutinosus from monochrous, seems to be an unsatisfactory character. In a series of three speci- mens, Nos. 70670-2 from Kepahiang, Sumatra, the proportions of the head and the dentition show the three to be true monochrous; one of them, however, has a light lateral band along the side, while the other two have no trace of such a band. Another series of four specimens, Nos. 70666-9 from Kaba Wetan, Sumatra, are monochrous without any lateral stripe. A single specimen from North Pagi Island, near Sumatra, No. 31701, has the head proportions and the dentition of monochrous but has a very distinct yellow stripe down the sides. While this stripe may thus be present or absent in monochrous, it is constantly present in the fourteen specimens of glutinosus which I have examined—2 from Ceylon, Nos. 5895 and 58751, as well as the 12 from Siam listed above. The adult female, No. 70029, measures 312 mm. in length and is distended with about 50 eggs, which measure between 6 and 7 mm. in diameter. No. 76138 was found under a decaying log in deep jungle. REPTILIA LORICATA CROCODYLUS SIAMENSIS Schneider U.S.N.M. 76089 (S3906)__-_--._--- Bung Borapet == eee a Aug. 7, 1928. [This species is common throughout Central Siam and in certain localities abundant. The place where this young was caught, Bung Borapet, formerly had more than at present. The Minister of Agriculture and the Director-General of the Royal Ivrigation Depart- ment, both very familiar with this extensive lake-swamp, report large crocodiles as having been taken here in the past, and both know of a skull 1 m. long from a specimen about 7 m. long. The usual size, however, is much smaller. Four crocodile eggs from this swamp on August 8, 1928 measured 8.7 by 5.3 cm.; 8.5 by 5.4 cm.; 8.2 by 5.2 943838—30——2 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 77 em.; and 8.2 by 5.2cm. They were brought to Bangkok and began to hatch August 31.—H. M. 8.] CROCODYLUS POROSUS Schneider U.S.N.M ® CGB So TEE RN Re Le Bandon (Tapi) River__-__- Jan. 15, 1922, skull. CGS ee ea aaa Inland)Seast 422220 R ea August 1923, skull. 72730-6 (S1424, $1478, Nakon Sritamarat___.____- Sept. 27—Oct. 8, 1926, $1406, $1404, 81377, skins. $1482, $1371). The first two on this list were collected by Mr. R. Havméller. The length of 67735 was 10 feet 6 inches, while 67736 measured 9 feet 8 inches. = Dr. Hugh M. Smith notes that they were literal ‘“‘man- eaters.” [Bung Sifai, southwest of Pichit, Central Siam, visited August 10, 1928. The swamp, about 4,000 rai in area (1 rai=1,600 square meters) was said to have 1,000 crocodiles less numerous than 20 years ago, as the extension of lotus growing in this swamp drives the croco- diles to other bungs where there is no cultivation. No crocodiles are killed here.—H. M. S.] SAURIA GONATODES SIAMENSIS Smith Gonatodes siamensis SmitH, Sarawak Mus. Journ., vol. 3, pt. 1, no. 8, 1925, p. 21. U.S.N.M TAD PAS IE BOS a a A Banvsadet.2 2228 Sacer’ May 30, 1925. OAD Ae a OS 50) otk B20 a eT rag PS Sept. 18, 1928. PHYLLODACTYLUS SIAMENSIS Boulenger U.S.N.M WOES ROUSE Ae eee Bee Koh aon a= ee ei ee ae Sept. 18, 1928. HEMIDACTYLUS FRENATUS Duméril and Bibron U.S.N.M Gi 262 sei a ee ee Nontaburign. 22h ieee Sept. 2, 1923. 70274, juvenal______---- PONE ane duit Nice UN as MMe T WES EE 1925. 2269 (S2943)ae 2 an soe Koh Tao, Gulf of Siam-___-- Jan. 1, 1927. 72311-3 (S2950-2)_____- Band omed 2a eek. eee Reon Jan. 6, 1927. PAC Milles ciao eg wa CE Ja kr aver (0) ce Rae eS ne a Ars Jan. 21, 1927. OOO Tee LORMAN a Myra ee Nakon Sritamarat_____---- July 4, 1928. 76024 (S3824)_..___---- Ban Par Vaio ey aed Se July 8, 1928. 76095 (S3938) ---------- Pichit tee). Swe. Magee Ria Aug. 8, 1928. 7A. 0) CO As A ME NP ee Sonne a si oe ae ae Sept. 18, 1928. MARY ici nie Noy. 28, 1928. art.11 HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTICNS FROM SIAM—COCHRAN li COSYMBOTUS PLATYURUS (Schneider) U.S.N.M Gii2 meee ee ee Re Non tal uric seen Aug. 20, 1923. Gup Glee ee ee INomtalburie. ers ee re Sept. 2, 1923. CDOTS i 2 le a MaleINO Tee wee Ca Ge Oct. 8, 1923. WZoce—1008. 204k oe Bang koks 2s wen wea Jan. 21, 1927. WO004 buses 2 leek Nakon Sritamarat_=--.-_-- July 4, 1928. 76088 (S3905)__-_------ anosuenviwan swale July 24, 1928. MOSS 4a (N405M 2 2 oe. 2 oS AA OR SETI Cee ee Ace Oct. 17, 1928. No. 72700 is a young lizard with two distinct heads, the extra one growing from where the right shoulder should normally be. PTYCHOZOON HORSFIELDII (Gray) U.S.N.M. Megs (S3988). £2. 1c Bam Elva ce) sed July 12, 1928. (“Tok tao.” Very broad tail. Found in a mangosteen tree. Not common. According to local people, if this lizard goes into a house it brings good luck.—H. M. S.] GEKKO GECKO (Linnaeus) U.S.N.M. Gime eee Nw ee RasakeRivers G2 oie kine ae Dec. 10, 1928. M2048 -OMS25125 82907). Bangkoko. 2. 22-3425. 22 he Mar. 138—Dec. 28, 1926. MNO QMS 2 boil) eh die 8 Raa UTI eee ne ae ea Apr. 10, 1926. C2COUM(SaL2ZA) Seeks... LEY cael Co a a neo ae ea a aa Mar. 20, 1927. Wot ban(S38515) 25228 Nong Ri, Nakon Nayok__.- June 7, 1927. 76040 (83856) ---_------ Banyisiniwongeesoo amas ‘July 11, 1928. PEROPUS MUTILATUS (Wiegmann) U.S.N.M. 72270-2 (S2944-6)____-- Koh Tao, Gulf of Siam_____ Jan. 1, 1927. OUU Gamiene Lue Nakon Sritamarat.._._-_-- July 4, 1928. CACTI ih Ne Ee aetna Koll aoieye ate aay aie Sept. 18, 1928. DRACO MACULATUS Gray U.S.N.M. Ge SENS Ck bt i rete Koh yi @han gigas 2 ae ei as Apr. 5, 1924. 67477-8 (8938-9) _._-.-. ~---- Gomes ae eas Eee Mar. 31, 1924. 67479 (S598) ___-------- Blam Ombege ces eae enun eles ah 1922 (R. Havmiller). DRACO QUINQUEFASCIATUS Gray U.S.N.M. 72245 ($2748), adult male__ Bangnara__.____._______ July 14, 1926. A color description by Dr. Hugh M. Smith denotes that the gular flap was green; the wings were yellow and black, with white spots in the black. DRACO FIMBRIATUS Kuh! U.S.N.M. 72235 (S2748), adult female. Bangnara______________- July 10, 1926. 72236 (82747), adult male______- (BM Cy ac OO a Sp July 14, 1926. The gular flaps of both lizards were red in life. 12 PROCHHDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 DRACO VOLANS Linnaeus U.S.N.M. 72237-44 (S2749-50, 82752-7)_ Bangnara___..-.-_-_------ July 15-21, 1926. 76059-60 (S3839, S3861)__---- Ban iiriwongeeesseee saa ee July 10-11, 1928. 76104-5 ($3920, 83918) _____-_- Kao Luang, Nakon Srita- July 15, 1928. marat. [76059. ‘‘Pung-ka-peek.’”’ Above rich gray-green with black spots; cular flap blue-green; wings above black with orange spots, below yellow-green with black bars; belly, gray-green, post-ventral region purplish—H. M.S] [76060. Back gray with pairs of black spots on middle; a black spot on nape, another on top of head; gular region pale blue-green with black spots; wings above black with orange spots, the margin gray, below yellow-green, with black bands; belly pale yellow-green, brighter on median line. Shot from coconut tree, a favorite haunt for these creatures.—H. M. S.] DRACO MELANOPOGON Boulenger U.S.N.M. 76105-9 (83918, 838917, Kao Luang, Nakon Srita- July 15-16, 1928. 53919, S3922-3). marat. os DRACO BLANFORDG Boulenger U.S.N.M. 76110-4 (83916, 83927, Kao Luang, Nakon Srita- July 15-20, 1928. S3929-31). marat. DRACO TAENIOPTERUS Giinther U.S.N.M. (OZ66N(S1950) ee ee aes Pale Tom gua co See eo May 18, 1925. 76051-8 (83838, S3842-3, Ban Kiriwong___-_-_-----_- July 10-11, 1928. $3863, 53868). [76052. ‘‘Pung-ka-peek.”’ Like 76051. Above grayish-green, with dark green mottlings; wings above bright yellow-green with black bands, a broad maroon distal band, below yellow-green; gular flap yellow, lateral flaps bright maroon below; belly pale yellow-green.— Be MS: ACANTHOSAURA ARMATA (Gray) U.S.N.M. OPAL (SMIGM os Soo INGOs INO Bea Oct. 1, 1925. 70245-7 (S1967-9) ____-- Banisadets so Uiuncc uae May 28, 1925. MOZSOR(SZ195) Sees o INGOs Mom es Aug. 27, 1925. IOAN O Yaeat iy iene Fes a 2 PAE A ami ons, Wane ss 225s ss" July, 1925. CROPS) yatepta ie aes ya ica ue E716 (0 alo eames ane Ow ees May 18, 1925. W2NASI(S2544)/ 2522 eae INO no eEGO eee Mar. 25, 1926. Dr. Malcolm Smith has united erucigera with armata on the strength of a large series from Nakon Sritamarat, in which all gradations in the length of nuchal and postorbital spines could be observed. I had found the same great variation in some of Dr. W. L. Abbott’s Malayan collections and had reached the conclusion that crucigera was not a distinct species, although I had no very large series from a single place. ~~ art.11 HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS FROM SIAM—COCHRAN 13 CALOTES VERSICOLOR (Daudin) Examples of this species, too numerous to be listed individually, have been taken at the following localities: Rajaburi, Nontaburi, Taluei Island, Tale Noi village, Bangkok, Nong Khor, Ban Sadet, Pak Jong, Tha Chang, Sikiu, Bangnara, Bandon, Kanburi, Nakon Sritamarat, Ban Chai Montri, and Ban Prakien. CALOTES MYSTACEUS Duméril and Bibron U.S.N.M. GUZGM SLOT) = 22-225 2 Raky Jorge a set cena a May 18, 1925. G2MGS(S2G6UG)= 222 C6 Ke oh ah a May 10, 1926. 72178-9 (S2814—5)_____- Bang Suk, near Pak Jong_. Aug. 18-19, 1926. 12209) (S2505))- 2 2 - Sikius mean Morateeesss = see Feb. 28, 1926. (2404 (S3125)). ee Paks Jongehies eras Dyed Mar. 20, 1927. 72705 (83126) --..------ Tha Chang, near Pak Jong- Do. 75637-8 (S3626-—7) __---- IEE W A OED gael apse rena EY nd? Apre tie 19285 76093-—4 (3908-9) _____-- DEN anh peoua re Mp MSN a eR ae Aug. 8, 1928. 70267. The coloration of this adult male in alcohol is as follows: A broad whitish band beginning beneath the nostril, extending and widening along the upper labials, passing across the tympanum, and ending above the shoulder, where it merges with the reddish dorsal blotches; head and throat deep blue-black above and below this white band. This specimen has a very large gular sac, which is also blue-black in color. [76093. ‘“‘Kingka.”’ Throat blue; ear area yellow; blotches on back reddish brown.—H. M. §.] [76094. Throat bright blue; a yellow stripe from snout to shoulder; tail black-barred.—H. M. S.] CALOTES EMMA Gray U.S.N.M. Gis0 2) (S044. S949, Koh Chane...) | Mar. 31-Apr. 3, 1924. $951). O25 (S2095) - 22 422. Nong Moneu eens Aug. 22, 1925. 70268 (S1958) ...------- Paks Jon gain odie seine ee May 18, 1925. MANO (S239) oe ee ae Hoh! (Chang fae Weis acs ees Jan. 8, 1926. MGOZSR(SSS20) es aaa ae 1 Yeo od Meek Ace i a ee SES July 8, 1928. 76030-2 (S8827-9) ____-- Ban Pa dit he SUV ae July 9, 1928. 76033-6 (S3832—5) ____-- Baa TY (orp ee se pain ea ae Do. 76042—50 (S3836-7, 53841, Ban Kiriwong_____-___---- July 11, 1928. $3858-60,S3862,53864— 5): MGOG2I(S3 S04) 22 ee Bamuieuig igs cae iwies 008 July 12, 1928. MOUS nectar chee ee rg BaniPrakienas= seen oe es July 16, 1928. 7638378) (84094, S404)" Lampang #2 eee eee Nov. 17-18, 1928. Nearly as plentiful as versicolor in some places, this lizard is not found at Bangkok, and consequently does not appear so often in col- lections having their main source at the imperial city of Siam. [““Kingka.”’ This lizard very common in Ban Mor. Small boys brought many specimens. The general color is pale green with rich 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 brown-red markings. 76025: Sides black, brown, and old gold. 76045: Light green with a cream-color lateral stripe and pairs of black spots above and below the stripe; these spots continued also on tail; sides rich green; throat greenish white, each scale with a velvety, black base; belly white; a rounded black spot on side of throat anterior to leg. 76047: Green with black crossbands; cross- bands on tail brown; a black band through eye; top of head and lips bright green; throat dead black; entire belly and inside of thighs dusky to black. 76048: Back reddish brown with black spots that form loops on middle of back; black blotches on sides; side of head ereenish yellow with two black stripes above; a black spot on side of throat; throat and entire under parts dirty white with dull black markings. 76049: Bright green with narrow dark crossbands; a gray longitudinal stripe along upper part of side; a black spot on side of neck; top of head and lips pale green; a black stripe through eye; five radiating black lines above eye; throat and breast creamy with black lines; belly dirty white. 76050: A large green form with brownish-red blotches. 76072: Very pale green with maroon mark- ings; throat white with black lines; belly mottled brown.—H. M. 8.] LEIOLEPIS BELLIANA (Gray) U.S.N.M. 67471-5 (S940, 89438, S945, Koh Chang______---_--- Mar. 31—Apr. 1, 1924. $948, $950). BATS (SUOZO) Spee see oes Them Sing oes es Re ee Jan. 13, 1924. 70261—5 (S1952-6)_______-_ Pak Jomos isin: ie Wind May 18, 1925. UPAOS ((SARUR) Ss Se Sikiu, near Korats--- === Feb. 27, 1926. Wi2KOG(S2064) aaae oes eee J bpekray Sibavrege wa ie June 9, 1926. TERS (SREZE) sae TEG Wall oubb a teeteelee eos Ope NN Apr. 10, 1928. VARANUS NEBULOSUS (Gray) U.S.N.M. 46039) (S3860) oe. 22s== Ban Kiriwong (Tadi Stream) July 11, 1928. [The specimen is a young one. This form is called “ta-kuat.” It was met with daily along the mountain streams, living among bowl- ders.—H. M. 5.] U.S.N.M. TITALON(S 3192) eee a= IK@YWTAO. bese SeSeSaese4 Dec. 27, 1926. VARANUS SALVATOR (Laurenti) {Water lizard. Siamese name, “‘hia.’’ Found asleep at night on Koh Tao and brought in by my men. Total length, 248.5 cm. Black with yellow bands; yellow below. Male. Stomach contained an enormous land crab swallowed whole. Intestines apparently free from parasites. Skin and skull preserved. A specimen 1.5 m. long found dead on Koh Tao beach December 29, 1926. It had deep wounds in abdominal walls and was possibly killed by an eagle. This kind of lizard is not uncommon within the city limits of Bangkok, in large gardens where there are klongs (canals) and abun- dant shrubbery. Most Bangkok gardens fulfill these requirements. - art.11 HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS FROM SIAM——_COCHRAN 15 The hia is quite destructive to ducks and chickens. I have met with this or related species all over central and peninsular Siam. In Nakon Sritamarat in 1923 I saw one at very close range several times that was 2.7m. long. As seen going through the jungle, this creature had a real dinosaurlike appearance, with its long neck, small head, and long, heavy tail. One has been reported to me by a British subject long resident in Siam that was said to be 14 feet long. The usual length is under 6 feet. The eggs are highly esteemed by the Siamese, and are deemed fit for presentation to the royal household —H. M.5.] TAKYDROMUS SEXLINEATUS Daudin U.S.N.M OZ Sameer kes Let ES Lam Tong Lang___------ July, 1925. MZUSOR(S2GG) eee eae Bangkok Giese ee een Aug. 5, 1926. ‘‘Rare in Bangkok.” MABUYA MULTIFASCIATA (Kuhl) U.S.N.M Gielwereere hee ek Lk Kohi@hang. Sa umn Apr. 5, 1924. GIASSH(S 942) 22 ee seek ol ke do Sain NM eee eee Mar. 31, 1924. GVASIMS 722) 2220255 2-2 INopaKeD onbbe ae he Sept. 2, 19238. 70252-5 ($2094, S2098, Nong Mong_-_---------- Aug. 20-27, 1925. $2100). WO2 tO esuivienals 24 ooo. 2 Pak Jong sec ee aig May 18, 1925. Oo gia opie e as Oe Te se Non oy iKthore eae e = eae Sept. 27, 1925. Gotoa yuvenalss 22022017 Kohi@hange2as.s 22 aaa Jan. 7, 1926. 75455-6 (S3516—7) ____---- Nong Ri, Nakon Nayok-.. June 10, 1927. 75700-3 (S3677-9, S3736)_. Bangkok____.---.---.-- Apr. 23—May 18, 1928. GOOAIE(SS855)) 55 Soe Seo BanyMiriwonga-. <2 sess July 10, 1928. 76069-71 (S8870-2) __----- Bancetuighaor seen ke July 12, 1928. CADET Se eS DS gn (6 Ko SNES eer a TIM Do. GO092) (S3907) 22 ee Prelit eee Sea aes Aug. 8, 1928. [76041. Back dark green, a reddish-brown lateral band with pale yellow spots; belly pale grass green; throat white; under side of tail bottle green —H. M.S.] [76069. Back brown with four or five black lines; a black lateral band with white spots; belly salmon; under side of head and tail green. Shot.—H. M.S.] MABUYA LONGICAUDATA (Hallowell) U.S.N.M. G/490) (S937) 2222 foes es Bang kolkeiya tue ava ule Mar. 28, 1924. 70229-40 (2044-5, S2056-7,-_-__ CLO Pe SNe ia as Aug. 4—Oct. 27, 1925. §2063-4, $2071, $2079-80, $2166, $2220, $2234). COZat(S2010) = sa Fe Tamphong ibang .222 3 32s 2a July 20, 1925. 72091-8 (S2831, S2340-3, Bangkok___..._._.---.--- Nov. 9, 1925—Apr. $2451, S2597-8). 21, 1926. W2LAG) (S2542) ee ae INOn ee In Or es Sole eer Mar. 21, 1926. M2UGGICS2ZG15) 2a Se ae Depa) ei [Coy ner gies ee Me ean SUN UES ars Apr. 30, 1926. GMa (S289) so eee aN ee Tha Chang, near Pak Jong. Nov. 20, 1925. 72232-3 (S2758, S2751)____- Bangnara ah 8 cae ie Wiens July 16-22, 1926. 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THH NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 7 MABUYA MACULARIA (Blyth) U.S.N.M. WOQTS ELL S BED ee ce IS Paks Jones aot 2 oo Moers May 18, 1925. FOS Bie eS aN eC OE ee CE a ey ae Do. W2099 (S2344) ooo See Woe Bano kok sien ao Ms peene a Dec. 16, 1926. (Q2MoSe (S239G) eee eee Kohy Chang sees sa eenea eee Jan. 7, 1926. 7267-9) (S2327,, S2911—-2)- 2 Pak Jong 222222252 2e sees Nov. 15, 1925-Dec. 19, 1926. CONTA (RIS eagle Ua EN te Nong hor ssa eee Feb. 7, 1927. AGWIGE(S3925) = Aes so Kao Luang, Nakon Srita- July 16, 1928. marat. 46832) (S4053) = eee eee KAO Semi geyser wee Oct. 13, 1928. OSE eee se SI aU hum amy Mise ee eae Nov. 19, 1928. LYGOSOMA ANGUINOIDES Boulenger U.S.N.M. CTs oe ee i Ree ae Koh Tao, Gulf of Siam_____- Jan. 1, 1927. A note by Dr. Hugh M. Smith regarding this lizard says that it was found ‘‘under a log in deep jungle. Back white, with lines of dark green spots; a black lateral band, general color gray-green. Only one seen. Apparently rare.”’ It agrees very well with Boulenger’s original description, except that it has 5 upper labials instead of 6. Dr. Malcolm Smith has collected this species and has reported that some of his specimens have 5 upper labials.= In my specimen the pair of preanal scales are not much enlarged although the three ventral scalesimmediately preceding them are conspicuously widened. There are 22 scale-rows around the middle of the body. The head and body measure 46 mm., the tail (apparently complete) 43 mm. LYGOSOMA QUADRUPES (Linnaeus) Scale rows at U.S.N.M. mid-body 6726602 6 soe Nomtalouiele : ad en uel aa Sept. 25) 19280! 2 2 eae 26 GT 267 ea ana i os atc GOS FES ENE RVI S DA do #2 o9UL | ae 24 G1268 <5 Sse ae as CLO eC hc) a a a do. 2.2.2 ee 24 GIZG9 ES) Aaa (BIG) spay A en a a in AT do. 232242. 22 24 CUZ Re ewe. DE COG) ce pg el a dol oe Ue nara 26 TZS2O SOR he mes 1 Beth OE toy Seis A Bie 0 alte A ah PEE Dec.-8,, 1926.4. 2 ee 24 MDS DNs RAR Nee GO eae AN EONS a SNE Ge. 32 oe 26 COAST eee Nong Ri, Nakon Nayok_____-_ June, LO! 2a a ee 24 TOADS ieee cai haeedeeea se COL) yc a eg NS UM doe ae 24 COCA ger eS an our sae een ia OE Apr. 9, T9280 se eee 24 DCO AS 2 ete 2 a) Bano ko kite sey oie oon aaah Dee! 17; 19275. 2 ae sere 26 CASA) Ieee os ae OER eh, Soa ee yt May ills, 1928022 s aaa 24 In this species the scale rows of the body are far from being regular, so that it is possible to get a number of different scale counts on the same individual at different places. The minimum is given here. § Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 2, 1916, p. 157. agt.11 HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS FROM SIAM—-COCHRAN 1 SPHENOMORPHUS MACULATUS (Blyth) U.S.N.M. CTASTMSOL Ne eee 8 TiC @al (Glave wae tae a eS a eet Mar. 31, 1924. 702438-44_______-.-.-_-- Nome wih or yas swear E a sa as Sept. 22—Oct. 1, 1925. ZA DERG) og a gy am longe Wang. soso July, 1925. 72144-5 (S2545-6) _____- Nong) Ken oni se bg ak 8 Mar. 25, 1926. WOU7O.(S2614) Koh Chane Weiss Prat Apr. 28, 1926. 76062-3 (S3852, S3854)_. Ban Kiriwong___---------- July 10, 1928. @O0VA-Saeok el eke AB EW VA G (LOMA Res ec Nn aa July 12, 1928. 76115-6 (S3924)_______- Kao Luang, Nakon Srita- July 16, 1928. marat. [76062. ‘‘Ching-len.”” Back and top of head brown; a black band from eye to thigh with pale yellow spots; an ill-defined pale yellow band from snout, under eye, to thigh with brownish reticulations; belly bright green-yellow, becoming pale gray-green posterior to vent; throat white; a pale stripe on each side of yellow abdomen; dorsal surface of legs brown with black and pale yellow spots; ventral surface of legs pale yellow-green; edge of eyelids pale yellow.— H.M.S.] FIGURE 1.—SPHENOMORPHUS HELENAE. TYPE. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 67265. FROM NONTABURI, SIAM. @, TOP OF HEAD; b, PROFILE VIEW; C, UNDER SIDE OF HEAD SPHENOMORPHUS HELENAE Cochran @ Sphenomorphus helenae Cocuran, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 40, Dee. 2, 1927, p. 183. U.S.N.M. Gi2G5Rty pews. wy eS INontalourise mee eee cee Sept. 2, 1923. RIOPA BOWRINGII (Giinther) U.S.N.M. D7 CAD ee Rls DE eal ee INomballo mle em eis eee ee Sept. 2, 1923. 72277-81 (S2933-5, S2937-8)_ Koh Tao, Gulf of Siam__-__- Jame: 229 Dire |. ae LE) Aaah nae AM Go aio eA a een Dec. 31, 1926. CLES USES 5 cAI I Oy ee INGiayer IE Noe = Ne Le Feb. 7, 1927. TACHI UESS ES ORIN RU ne coe Koh Tao, Gulf of Siam____. Sept. 18, 1928. 94383—30——3 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 RIOPA HUGHI (Cochran) Sphenosoma hughi Cocuran, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 40, Dec. 2, 1927 p. 185. U.S.N.M. 72274-6 (82936, S2941 type, Koh Tao, Gulf of Siam____ Jan. 1, 1927. $2942). TOlAS 50. me gia ae do) tea aaa Sept. 18, 1928. FiGURE 2.—RIOPA HUGHI. Typr. U.S. Nat. Mus. No. 72275. From Kou TAo, GULF or SIAM. a, TOP OF HEAD; b, PROFILE; C, UNDER SIDE OF HEAD RIOPA HERBERTI (Smith) Lygosoma herbert Smiru, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc., Siam, vol. 2, 1918, p. 45. AO OM Gas vedere Maer be C8 Ak Bamgbhenit tas sa = seats hae July 12, 1928. LEICLOPISMA EUNICE Cochran Leiolopisma eunice Cocuran, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 40, Dec. 2, 1927, p. 187. U.S.N.M. HOZ—2equvemalie ew oc s ss Paki Jompic so oo uae eee May 18, 1925. 72180 (82816), type--_-- +... Bang Suk, near Pak Jong... Aug. 19, 1926. DOSS iON Mans eas VS le Doi Angka, 7,060 feet_____- Dec. 4, 1928. FIGURE 3.—LEIOLOPISMA EUNICE. TypE. U.S. Nat. Mus. No. 72180. From Bane SUE, NEAR Pak JONG, SIAM. @, TOP OF HEAD; b, PROFILE VIEW; C, UNDER SIDE OF HEAD LEIOLOPISMA PRANENSIS, new species Diagnosis —Limbs well developed; ear opening distinct; lower eyelid with an undivided, transparent disk; no supranasals; four art.11 HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS FROM SIAM—_COCHRAN 19 median dorsal rows enlarged; prefrontals forming a long median suture; hind limb reaching three-fifths to four-fifths the distance to axilla, reaching wrist or elbow; 21 keeled subdigital lamellae on the fourth toe. Type —U.S.N.M. No. 75591, from Pran, Peninsular Siam, collected on May 25, 1928, by Dr. Hugh M. Smith. Description of the type—Distance between the end of snout and forelimb about one and one-third times in distance between axilla and groin; limbs well developed, pentadactyle; hind limb barely reaching wrist when adpressed, covering about three-fifths the dis- tance from groin to axilla; snout obtusely pointed; lower eyelid with an undivided, transparent disk; no supranasals; rostral convex, forming an almost straight suture with the frontonasal which. is broader than long; nostril large, pierced in the nasal; prefrontals forming a long median suture; frontal very narrow behind, a little FIGURE 4.—LEIOLOPISMA PRANENSIS. Typrr. U.S. Nat. Mus. No. 75591. FROM PRAN, PENINSULAR SIAM. @, TOP OF HEAD; 0, PROFILE VIEW; ¢, UNDER SIDE OF HEAD; d, DORSAL SCALES AT MID-BODY shorter than the frontoparietals and interparietals together and in contact with the two anterior supraoculars; a large temporal scale bordering the parietals; four large supraoculars, the first longer than the second; on right side eight superciliaries, on left seven; fronto- parietals a little smaller than and distinct from the interparietal, which shows the pineal body very plainly as a round black spot; parietals forming a suture behind the interparietal; two or three pairs of enlarged nuchals, slightly irregular in shape; the suture between fifth and sixth upper labials fallmg below center of eye; ear opening roundish, less than half the size of the eye opening, with two or three ‘very weakly developed lobules in its anterior margin; about 30 smooth scales around the body, the four median dorsal rows con- siderably enlarged; the laterals a little smaller than the ventrals and not arranged with perfect regularity; a pair of enlarged preanals; digits compressed, especially towards the tips; all the subdigital 20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 77 lamellae with a distinct keel, 21 under the fourth toe; tail about one and one-fourth times as long as the head and body. Dimensions.—Snout to vent, 38 mm.; snout to posterior ear, 9 mm.; snout to shoulder, 14 mm.; snout to center of eye, 4.5 mm.; axilla to eroin, 20 mm.; hind leg, 15 mm.; fore leg, 11 mm.; tail, 48 mm. Coloration (in aleohol).—Upper parts of head and body black, with a pale blue dorsal stripe beginning on the top of the snout and con- tinuing to the end of the tail; a pale lateral stripe beginning on the upper eyelid, passing considerably above ear and shoulder and fading out above insertion of hind limb; below this lateral stripe the black rapidly fades out to an opalescent immaculate cream color which covers the entire under surface; upper surfaces of limbs and tail pale brown, the fingers and toes ringed with brown. Paratype —U.S.N.M., No. 76850, collected at Doi Angka, Siam, on December 2, 1928, by Dr. Hugh M. Smith. This specimen is slightly larger than the type. Its dimensions are as follows: Snout to vent, 39 mm.; snout to posterior ear, 11 mm.; snout to shoulder, 16 mm.; axilla to groin, 19 mm.; hind leg, 17 mm.; fore leg, 14 mm.; tail, defective. The only noticeable difference in the structure of the two is to be found in the ear opening which is elongate in the paratype, while nearly round in the type. The paratype has stronger markings than the type. The lateral stripe from axilla to groin, barely discernible in No. 75591, is quite well defined in No. 76850, as are the black bands encircling the fingers and toes at the joints. Dr. Hugh M. Smith notes that the tail of the Doi Angka lizard was bright orange. The scales on upper surfaces of the limbs are heavily dotted with dark brown at the base; in the type this pigmentation is less pro- nounced. There are 21 subdigital lamellae under the fourth toe of No. 76850 and 32 scales around the body. There is but one pair of enlarged nuchals; these are much larger, however, than the nuchals on the type specimen. Relationship —While the new species is very distinct from any of the described Malayan species of Leiolopisma, yet it seems consider- ably closer to ZL. vittigerum than to any of the others, because both species have conspicuously enlarged dorsal scales. They differ in coloration, in the number of enlarged dorsals, in the keeling and num- ber of the subdigital lamellae and in the number of scale rows around the body. LEIOLOPISMA KOHTAOENSIS Cochran Leiolopisma kohtaoensis CocHRAN, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 40, Dec. 2, 1927, p. 188. U.S.N.M PPA Va DEIN tO Me Sle Koh Tao, Gulf of Siam____- Dec 31, 1926. CIO R ST SET G 0 peeve mE oe eo eS CL Oe ee ARAN Do. 7G14G= 7 Ribas oorsia hs eR cain Sept. 18, 1928. art.11 HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS FROM SIAM—-COCHRAN 21 In No. 76146, received since the publication of my original descrip- tion, the prefrontals do not quite meet, allowing a short suture between the frontal and the frontonasal. In the paratype, No. FIGURE 5,—LEIOLOPISMA KOHTAOENSIS. TYPE. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 72284. From KOK Tao, GULF OF SIAM. 4G, TOP OF HEAD; 6, PROFILE VIEW; C, UNDER SIDE OF HEAD 72283, the contact between the prefrontals is very short indeed, as I have already recorded. DASIA OLIVACEA Gray U.S.N.M. We2o 45 (P2059) i4 Oo ee! Banenarazien: lip e ane July 22, 1926. 76061 (S8840)__._-_-_-- Ban eKariwong) 2s July 10, 1928. (6833, (84055) ___-----.- Kao; Seming es Age ene ee aoe Oct. 10, 1928. [76061. ‘“‘Krong kreng.”’ Back rich. gray-brown with crossbands of black and white; terminal part of tail uniform brown; belly bright grass-green; edge of eyelids pale yellow.—H. M. S.] TROPIDOPHORUS BERDMOREI (Blyth) U.S.N.M. 76842) (S4106) -- =e i