¢, J 4 Nt Esters eal , Uecrgts ath nH tt Aes i She SsoF cas arth ide et i sopeee — Ss et ete 4 Rouen ruse ane ae Se aes h wobipeste tele 4 Deri rte C tas re pe a ey +s fee an Sar _— ® 7 te aoa ak ie “fe alts Atyiis : 7 en PROCEEDINGS @r THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES PHILADERPHTSA. as7S7 ; 1865. PHL ADE LPH LA: PRINTED FOR THE ACADEMY. 1865. - paowato2 LAUT AY 10 RO a4 ‘ Ra re ¢ | On” LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS, With references to the several Articles contributed by each. Allen, Dr. Harrison. Ona New Genus of Vespertilionida...............2++0s Pe a Carpenter, P. P. Diagnoses Specierum et Varietatum novarum Molusco- rum, prope Sinum Pugetianum a Kennerlio Doctore, nuper decesso, JUG OL ROIELIT f GooscnbcangddsuosuiibansbocispeSococoDobbogdonEes! ae ooaddos inecucHonosuOoe 5 Cassin, John. Notes on some new and little known Rapacious Birds...... a An examination of the Birds of the Genus Chrysomitris, in the Museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia....... .. fecacae 5 On some Conirostral Birds from Costa Rica, in the Collection of the Smithsonian Institution........ Sobdonécnorahdcoswiscohoddasdco Gunauidaceoe patecose 16 Conrad, T. A. Observations on the Eocene Lignite Formation of the 9 WU AGEL SAUCE ARH as 6 mabadsyecnodorbbmoce =. maanddoodeockodaganesa-Canocc Sag La cene Sc 70 Catalogue of the Eocene Annulata, Foraminifera, Echinodermata and Cirripediatot the United States...+-sece-cesocess cece ns sc~ceccc est eset evere 73 Descriptions of new species of Echinid@.............-....cccecececsssece sorsecees 75 Observation on American Fossils, with descriptions of new species..... 184 Cooper, Dr. J. G. On a new Cormorant from the Farallone Islands, Waibiforriieag sect stes be teers tides cence catee eleven euonacenion seen) fan causes anmosee tes ae SD Cope, E. D. Partial Catalogue of Cold-blooded Vertebrata of Michigan. BANE A pemecce S006 CHESS ESC SURE I iGo ESR OCOSONC DO NOOSER: BE CA SSONNE ACOCOERSEEE eer Soe 78 On Amphibamus grandicep:, a new Batrachian from the Coal Measures 134 Note on a species of Whale caught in the River Delaware.................- 168 Note on a species of Hunchback Wale... ..... oc... .cecss1esnesccoecscecsees 178 Third Contribution to the Herpetology of Tropical America.............. . 185 Contribution to a knowledge of the Delphinidz......, peaktlsdaeas tepecepeacg-+=< 198 Second Contribution to a History of the Delphinida...............ceeceeeeeee 278 Gill, Theo. Synopsis of the Genus Pomoxy’s, Raf...........sssceeree seceeeee ove 66 On the Genus Caulolatilus........... IAN Pts Gecee ele s- ecneses case Weaeeeeiedanaeyes 5 66 On the Cranial Characteristics of Gadus proximus, Grd...........:.eeeeeer 69 Note on several Genera of Cyprin0ids...........esceeseceeceeeeeeeenenes scbepe =: On a new Genus Of Serramingd...........ccesececccceescecceeeeccccee ncsssseescoeeseans 04 On a new Generic Type of Sharks..,... ...csssscecececcecceseceeeceencnceensee ces 177 Oa two new species of Delphinide, from California, in the Smithsonian MAUTEE OR ovifed saves acvacenc toa serdataeaensuseclaccrss saplescsesnrssuseosenesasesinassun 17 ly. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS. Gunther, Alb. Some remarks on Labrus pulcher (Ayres)... ......-..-seess++ Helmuth, C. A. New species.of Mordellide collected in Illinois............. Lawrence, Geo. N. Descriptions of new species of Birds of the Families Paride, Vireonide, Tyrannide2 and Trochilide, with notes on Myiarchus Panamensis........ A50SC0555 60095 HODHCCEO BEEBE ACHeOGCaSes nodkacsoe: Descriptions of four new species of Birds ficken the Isthmus of Panama, New AG TANAGA rococo ccosns cocess cocee setae sae aSacceeue dee eevee esnniciwerseeemee Lea, Isaac, Descriptions of Three New Species of Exotic Uniones............ Descriptions of Eight New Species of Unio of the United States........... Le Conte, Dr. J.L. Note on the Species of Myodites, Latr., inhabiting the United States: css c.csaceu ccna coeascesanaee cece oseccaclen! lester na meeeencene Notes on the Species of Harpalus inhabiting America AOR of Mexico.. On the Species of Galeruca and allied Genera inhabiting North ‘Acudtviees Prodromus of a Monograph of the Species of the Tribe Anobiinii of the Family Ptinide, inhabiting North America...........2..secassecseees coeees Lewis, Dr. F. W. On Extreme and Exceptional Variations of Diatoms, in some Wihite Mountain localitiesio..cccc.s-scecleneenosseeorene tease rsaceensmeee Meek, F. B., and A. H. Worthen. Notice of some New Types of Organic Remains, from the Coal Measures of Ilinois...... ....,....s.secee seeeseees Remarks on the Genus Taxocrinus (Phillips) McCoy, 1844; and its rela- tions to Forbesiocrinus, Koninck and Le Hon, 1854, with descrip- TIONISH OL NOW. SP CCLOS teraspp ade sebeharScosacsscthe aid ateenesne oupcias emreeeeeen Descriptions of New Speeies of Crinoidea, &c., from the Paleozoic Rocks of Illinois and some of the adjoining States...............ccsecseseeeceee oe Descriptions of New Crinoidea, &c., from the Carboniferous Rocks of Illinois and some of the adjoining States............c00csccescesceerseeeeees Note on the Genus Gilbertsocrinus, Phillips, by F. B. Meek................. Contributions to the Paleontology of Illinois and other Western States, Observations on the Microscopic Shell Structure of Spirifcer cuspidatus, Sowerby, and some similar American Forms, by F. B. Meek......... - Tryon, Geo. W. Synonomy of the Species of Strepomatide, a Family of Fluviatile Mollusca inhabiting North America. Part 4................. Winchell, Alex. Descriptions of New Species of Fossils, from the Marshall Group of Michigan, and its supposed Equivalents in other States ; with Notes on some Fossils of the same Age previously described, Wood, Dr. H. C.. New Polyzonide..... ......... BS. seks so eens Gictmeeniebas tees Se Worthen, A. H. See Meek. 75 204 4] 143 19 109 172 — _ concern | ww rr Coreen dd Wd Ud THAT anon pouwueuees SASSO OCT TOP VO SOC CORE OSTRE (as : — Nien sa155 cmc0G9S5S5050955.0999.09022 U babe ———— Ges, 4S SOS TT aS —oe eee 5 - SENET aS I 9 es BI Tim * PLU. NY ae Cee 5 I iain - Seet re PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PoE TAs Dk day? El, 8) A.. 1865. January 3d. Mr. JOSEPH JEANES in the Chair. Thirteen members present. The following paper was presented for publication and referred to a committee : “ On extreme and exceptional variations of species of Diatomacer. ete.” By F. W. Lewis, M. D. January 10th. The President, Dr. Bripass, in the Chair. ™m. Twelve members present. January 17th. The President, Dr. Brip@zs, in the Chair. Fifteen members present. The following paper was presented and referred to a committee : ‘“« Remarks on the genera Semicossyphus and Trochocopus.” By Dr. A. Giinther. January 24th. The President, Dr. Bripaes, in the Chair. Ten members present. The following paper was presented and referred to a comthittee : “ Synopsis of the Strepomatide, &c., Part IV.” By George W. Tryon, Jr. The Secretary announced the recent death of Dr. R. M.S. Jackson, late a Correspondent of this Academy. 1865.] 1 Zz PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF January 31st. The President, Dr. Bripaes, in the Chair. members present. On report of the respective Committees, the following papers were ordered to be published : Notes on some new and little known Rapacious BIRDS. BY JOHN CASSIN. 1. Potysorus AvupusBoNt, nobis. Polyborus vulgaris (Vieill.), Aud., Orn. Biog., ii. p. 350 (1834). Polyborus brasiliensis (Gm.), Aud., B. of Am., Oct. ed. i. p. 21 (1840). Polyborus tharus (Mol.), Cass., B. of Cal. and Texas, i. p. 113. Aud., B. of Am., pl. 161; Oct. ed., i. pl. 4. Back and rump brownish black in allages and stages of plumage, (not transversely banded as in P. tharus.) Under tail coverts white, nearly pure, or with a few indistinct traces of dark transverse bands on the longer fea- thers. In all other respects very similar to P. tharus of Chili and other coun- tries on the Pacific coast of South America. In P. tharus the back and rump are trausversely banded with brownish black and white, in all ages, and the under tail coverts are white, with well defined transverse narrow bands of dark brown. In size, the present bird seems to be rather the larger. The specimen now described is Mr. Audubon’s type from Florida, presented by him to this Academy, and is very accurately given in the plates above cited, the upper figures in which represent the black upper parts as above described. In his descriptions, he says ‘cere carmine,’”’ which color is also given in his plates; but in the South American species, seen in abundance in Patagonia by Dr. Charles Pickering, during the voyage of the United States Exploring Expedition in the Vincennes and Peacock, that distin- cuished naturalist says explicitly, ‘‘The skin about the bill has not the bright red color as given in Mr. Audubon’s figure from a Florida specimen.” (Mamm. and Orn. U. 8. Expl. Exp., p. 100.) This difference in the color of the cere may be characteristic, though more probably, in my opinion, it is dependent on season only, the brighter or red color being that accompanying the more mature or nuptial plumage, which is the case in the Rasorial or Gallinaceous birds, and analogous groups throughout the circle of Birds. Numerous spe- cimens of this species, from Texas and Mexico, are in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution. 2. Spitornis Bacwa, (Daudin.) Falco Bacha, Daud., Traité d’Orn., ii. p. 43 (1800). Spilornis Bacha, (Daud. 2 Cass., Pie adnate Philada., He Dp: oF. Le Vaill., Ois. d’Afr., i. pl. 5 Ina Petes of birds collected by Mr. DuChaillu in the countries on the Camma and Ogobai Rivers, Western Africa, printed in the Proceedings of the Academy, as above cited, I applied the name Spilornis Bacha to a species, one specimen of which was in that collection and is now in the Academy Museum. This specimen is evidently that of a young bird bearing little resemblance in colors to the adult, and I have seen no other of the same species from West- ern Africa. In the statement in the Catalogue alluded to, that this species is ‘quite identical with the Bacha of Southern Africa, of which a very com- plete series is in the Academy Museum,” I may have been mistaken in relying. on such specimens as being from that continent. I do not know, however, that such is certainly the case; the specimen now before me from Western Africa so nearly resembling other young birds in the Academy Museum, un- [Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 3 doubtedly the species usually regarded as S. Bacha, and variously labelled as Asiatic and African, that lam not quite sure that Bacha is not an African species, whatever else may have been advanced in any other behalf. There are in the Academy Museum, several specimens of the bird usually regarded as F. bacha, which have been labelled in Europe as from South Africa. If I committed an error, it was not because I relied on those la- bels, of the authority of which I know nothing, nor can now discover any- thing, but that I took them only as confirmatory of an impression that F. bacha was an African as well as Asiatic species. If in error, I was directly misled by the statement of that great naturalist, Temminck, in Pl. Col., i. liv. iv., to this effect: ‘‘La Buse bacha, Falco bacha, des catalogues métho- diques, est répandue non-seulement dans 1]’Afrique méridionale, mais on la trouve aussi dans l’Indie, 4 Java et 4 Sumatra.” Statements of a similar import I have seen elsewhere. It is, of course, possible, that Temminck and others may have relied solely on Le Vaillant without other information. But, notwithstanding the impeachment of the veracity of Le Vaillant, and the opinions on that point that have, in some instances, been freely ex- pressed, and seem to be rather fashionable, I shall not admit, I beg to say, either that Spilornis Bacha is not an African bird, or that Le Vaillant’s ac- count of the species to which he applied the name Sacha is not reliable, without further occasion. Those opinions I do by no means participate in nor approve, and instances of the expression of such have occurred, which present themselves to me in no other aspect than that of unqualified imper- tinence, and as demonstrative not only of deficient information on the part of the writers, but of a disposition to seek a short and easy road to notoriety by rude assaults on the reputation of a great practical, and most useful natu- ralist, whose only faults were an enthusiastic devotion to Natural History, and failure to elicit the appreciation of men of dissimilar temperament and greater stolidity of ambition. The fair fame of Le Vaillant has passed the ordeal of one-half century productive of great naturalists, and its impeach- ment will not, I suspect, blazon the reputation of any one likely to be such in the present cycle of similar period! There are now before me, a series of fourteen specimens of the bird pur- porting to be F. Bacha, from the Academy Museum, about half of which are in various stages of young plumage, and of the whole of which scarcely any two are precisely alike in colors. One stage of young plumage is un- doubtedly that given by Temminck, under the name “alco albidus, Cuv.,” in Pl. Col., 19. As stated above, a few of these specimens have been labelled in Europe as coming from “South Africa,’ of the validity of which locality I know nothing. Other specimens are undoubtedly Asiatic, and, though differing from each other in some particulars of character, and, per- haps, representing several supposed species, they are all probably to be re- garded as that entitled to the name Spilornis cheela, (Daudin). Several specimens so nearly resemble Temminck’s figure of F. albidus, above cited, that they cannot be mistaken for any other species. I do not clearly recog- nise the nearly allied species, though they may be quite valid, especially /. bido, Horsfield. Le Vaillant’s figure of “‘Le Bacha,” Ois. d’Afr., i. pl. 15, does assuredly bear a strong resemblance to the Asiatic bird, and I am not prepared to deny that it represents either an Indian or Malayan species; but it is also a fact, that the young bird from Mr. DuChaillu’s collection bears a most unmistake- able resemblance to young birds, undoubtedly Asiatic, in the Academy Mu- seum. On inspection and comparison of any of the Asiatic with the African specimen, few naturalists would hesitate in pronouncing them identical, and the conclusion is most directly indicated that, if this African specimen is not of the same species as the Asiatic specimens, it is of a very nearly allied species. I regard it as possible, that Le Vaillant may have given a figure 1865.] a PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF from an Indian or Malayan specimen, under the full and honest conviction that it was exactly the bird seen by him in the mountains of the Great Nama- quois,—a description of error (if it is such) in which he is by no means singular. One of the most eminent ornithologists of our own times is stated to have given figures of a species of Lozia from American specimens, in his splendid work, ‘“ The Birds of Europe,’—and if so, entirely justifiably, the European and American species never having then been suspected of being different species. The specimen now before me, from Western Africa, I regard as proving conclusively that a species, at least nearly allied to Spilornis cheela and S. bido, inhabits Africa, and I have no doubt that this species was seen and described by Le Vaillant with entire truthfulness. He may not have figured a specimen obtained by himself, but even on this point there is only hypothetical conjec- ture, not evidence. The bird described by him is, moreover, entitled to the name Falco Bacha; an appellation given by Daudin, as cited above, entirely on the faith of the description in Oiseaux d'Afrique. No Indian nor Malayan species is fairly entitled to this appellation, though it has been applied to both, with observations thereon not quite warranted by the facts. Various, not remotely allied, forms Eave recently been discovered in Africa, ( Circaetus zonurus, fasciolatus, and others,) and my opinion is, that the adult of this species of Le Vaillant will yet be forthcoming. 3. Hattaetus Buagrvus, (Daudin). Falco blagrus, Daud., Traite d’Orn., ii. p. 70, (1800). Le Vaill., Ois. d’Afr., i. pl. 5. In the Catalogue of Mr. DuChaillu’s collection in the Camma and Ogobai country, above alluded to, I gave this name to a specimen of a young bird which I regarded as identical with others in the Academy Museum. On re- examination of this specimen, I am inclined to doubt its identity with any species known to me, though it is in plumage not sufficiently mature to com- pare satisfactorily or to determine from my present materials. It is so much smaller than the young WH. vocifer that I cannot believe it identical, though bearing some resemblance to the youngest specimen of that species (Z. voci- fer) inthe Academy Museum. The feet, especially, are disproportionately smaller and weaker. In the Haliaeti of North America, there is a very con- siderable diversity of size, but never so great in the same species, to my knowledge, as in the specimens here mentioned. Though, perhaps, too young to present even structural characters in a re- liable degree, the present specimen seems to show relations to the Asiatic group of which WZ. leucogaster is a well known species, and of which Mr. Blyth and Dr. Jerdon give the name Falco blagrus, Daudin, as a synonyme. Without being able, at present, to assent to this disposition of F. blagrus, I regard the views of those excellent naturalists as at least an important ap- proximation to its relationship, but am disposed also to suspect that my specimen may be the young of a species the adult plumage of which remains to be discovered. I regard it as undoubtedly the young of the Blagre of Le Vaillant, as above cited, the credibility of whose narrative in relation to which I do not doubt in any particular. The relative size of the feet in this species and in H. vocifer may readily be seen in plates 4 and 5 of that author’s Oise- aux d’ Afrique. 4, LIMNAETUS AFRICANUS, nobis. Belongs to the same group as L. cirrhatus (= Falco limnaetus, Horsf.) and L. Kieneri, and bears a general resemblance to both of those species, and is about the same size. Upper parts black, under parts white. General form very strong; bill rather short, fully curved; edge of upper mandible lobed ; wing moderate, fourth and fifth quills longest, and nearly equal; tail rather long ; tarsi thick, and densely feathered to the toes, the bases {Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 5 of which are also feathered ; toesand claws very strong. Entire upper parts brownish black; plamage of the back and neck behind white at base; rump and upper tail coverts with concealed large spots of white; quills brownish black on their outer surface, with a few transverse bands of a darker shade of the same color, and with a large space on their inner webs white; under surface of quills white, with about three transverse bands of black. Entire under parts white; flanks, under tail coverts and tibial plumes externally with large spots of brownish black; tail on its upper surface dark ashy brown, with about five wide transverse bands of brownish black, and nar- rowly tipped with white, on its under surface ashy white, with a few trans- verse bands of black. Under wing coverts white, with large spots of black; tarsi white ; cere and toes yellow; bill dark bluish brown. Axillary feathers brownish black, the black spots on the under wing coverts unitedly form a large space of that color on the under surface of the wing. Total length about 22 inches; wing 14; tail 9}; tarsus 2%; bill, from corner of mouth direct to tip of upper mandible, 14 inches. Hab.—Ogobai River, a tributary of the Camma River, Western Africa. Spec. in Acad. Mus., from Mr. DuChaillu’s collection. Two specimens of this Hawk-Eagle are in the collection from the Camma River, above mentioned, and appear to represent a species hitherto unknown, probably generically different from any other of Western Africa. Though, in my opinion, properly to be included in the group ZLimnaetus, this bird is more strongly organized than either Z. niveus, cirrhatus, Kieneriz, or other of the Asiatic species that have come under my-notice, and more decidedly aquiline in some points of character. The tursi are very thick and densely covered, much more so than in either of the species just mentioned, and quite as much so as in the larger Aguile, or as in the Owls of the genus Bubo. The bill also is strong and fully curved. No crest is apparent in either specimen, though there is, perhaps, a slight elongation of the occipital feathers. 5. Orus styqius, (Wagler.) Nyctalops stygius, Wagl., Isis, 1832, p. 1221. Archives du Mus., Paris, 1844, pl. 24. Several specimens of this little known species have been received at the Smithsonian Institution in the valuable collections presented by Mr. Sarto- rius, and obtained hy him at Mirador, near Vera Cruz, Mexico. All of them correspond with the descriptions of both Wagler and Pucheran, though darker than the figure given by the latter, as above cited. On anow CORMORANT from the Farallone Islands, California. BY J. G. COOPER, M. D. Gracutvs Bairpu, Gruber, MSS. The White-patch Cormorant. 2 Graculus leuconotus, Audubon. Specific Characters.—Male in spring. Head and neck changeable violet and purple with green reflections ; body dark green. Back and wings greenish purple, the quills brownish towards their ends and beneath. Flanks with a large white patch on each side about equal in size to the bird’s foot, mostly concealed by the wings when folded. Tail like the wings. Head with a crest of narrow loose feathers about an inch long, arising on the middle of ver- tex above the eyes; another similar crest arising just behind the occiput, rather longer. Bill very slender, subquadrangular, strongly and abruptly hooked. Length 27 inches ; extent 40.00, wing 10°75; tail 7, bill along ridge 1:90, along gape 3-00, its height and width at base each about 0°50 inch ; tarsus 1°50; outer toe and claw 3°76; inner do. 1°30; segond and third quills about equal, longest; half an inch longer than secondaries and an inch 1865.] 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF longer than tertiaries. Iris green, bill horn-black; feet pure black. Gular sac black, with red marks (shrinking and looking dull red when dry). A nar- row patch of skin around eye, extending as far back as that around angle of mouth and gular sac. A sharp angle covered with feathers extends on middle line of throat, a little further forward than eyes. Forehead feathered down ~ to bill, leaving only a narrow loral space bare. This species is closely related to the G. violaceus of the Oregon and Wash- ington coasts, and replaces it as on the coast of npper and lower California. According to Mr. James Hepburn, it differs in a much more slender bill and other points of structure, as well as in the presence of the conspicuous white patches on the flanks. In 1834 Mr. J. K. Townsend saw ‘‘at Cape Disappointment ten Cormorants, one with a white tail, the others with a white rump,’’ which, without further description, Mr. Audubon called Phalacrocorar leucurus and P. leuconotus. It is quite possible that Townsend might have referred to P. bairdii, in his notes as above quoted, but as neither attribute applies to the present species the names would be inadmissible, even if accompanied by a diagnosis. I myself saw what I believed to be this species at the mouth of the Columbia River, in July, 1854, but could not obtain specimens. Mr. F. Gruber, of this city, was the first to secure specimens of the species and distribute them as P. bairdii, (named after Prof. S. F. Baird, of theeSmithsonian Institution) and informs me that the species was published under that name in Germany, al- though I have not been able to find it, and think it is possible that it may still be a manuscript communication. It is with great pleasure that I append the following note on this species: Note on Graculus Bairdii, the White-patched Cormorant of the Farrallone Islands, California, by JamES Heppurn, San Francisco. (From a letter addressed to the Smithsonian Institution, dated Dec. 30th, 1862. ‘« While at Barclay Sound, I noticed that there appeared to be a Cormorant there about the size of the one from the Farallones—but without any white spot. I could only get one of them, and that on the last day I was out. On examining it, I found that it was of the same size as the other, but it had an orange gular pouch, as described by Audubon, whereas the other, as I have already insisted, has a dusky pouch, with numerous bright red papille, much too striking a point to be overlooked by any one whosees the bird while in the flesh. Another difference is that the irides of the former are brown, those of the latter sea-green. The plumage too is dissimilar in color, though both of them might fairly be called violet green. In the Farallones’ bird, however, the green greatly predominates, in the other the violet. With respect to the white spot, I have seen the bird with it as early as February, and as late as the middle of July, at which time it showed no signs of disappearing, though the G. dilophus had months previously lost its crests. I have never been able to see the bird in autumn, which I am very anxious todo. If, as I think, it then appears with the white patch, the question of its being the breeding plumage is disposed of. At any rate the birds in Barclay Sound had no patch at the end of March. The only remaining conjecture is that one may be the young of the other; and this I find is Dr. Suckley’s idea, who appears to have remarked both kinds at Cape Disappointment. To this I object that I do not know of the patchless bird having been noticed in California, and I am very certain that Isaw none with a patch about Vancouver Island. As to their frequenting Cape Disappointment, that would only prove that to be the boundary line of their respective habitats. I am aware that it is danger- ous work to build speculations as I am doing, on a single specimen ; but I shall do my best to find out where the northern bird breeds, and to obtain a sitting bird with its eggs; and then should the differences be equally marked at that period, if there is any such thing as species, the two birds must, I think, be pronounced distinct.”’ (Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. f On extreme and exceptionals variation of DIATOMS, in some White Mountain localities, &c. BY F. W. LEWIS, M. D. In my notice of some new and singular intermediate forms of Diatomace from the Saco headwaters, in the Proceedings of the Academy for December, 1863, I advanced a theory based on the comparative absence of Synedra and Nitzschia in the sub-peat of this country, that these curious species were trans- wionary or comprehensive types conducting from Surirel/a and allied genera, to- wards the more modern Synedra and Nitzschia ; and that their continuance as living organisms probably depended on exceptional conditions of soil and water, more or less limited in their influence, peculiar to the Saco and similar localities. Since the publication of that paper I have received from my friend, Mr. C. Stodder, of Boston, a very interesting lot of slides containing all of these anomalous species, prepared by himself and Mr. R. C. Greenleaf, of Boston, from gatherings at various points along the White Mountain range. His localities are as follows: (1.) “Brook near the Flyme,” (Franconia Notch)—thirty miles from the Saco pond, and near the western outlet of the valley; contains Surirella Baileyi, S. intermedia, Actinella punctata, Eunotia incisa. (2.) “ Lafayette Mountain Lake,” not many miles distant from the preceding: This lake is at a considerable elevation ; a still sheet of water ; contains Sw- rirella intermedia, Actinella punctata, Eunotia incisa, Synedra hemicyclus. (3.) “Brook near Bethlehem,” on the S. E. side of the Crawford Notch (Saco) about 15 miles distant, also in the valley ; contains Surirella intermedia, S. anceps, S. delicatissima, S. Baileyi, Synedra hemicyclus. ‘ (4.) “ Maurans Lake,” on the Cannon Mountain, near Franconia; contains Surirella Baileyi, S. anceps, S. delicatissima, Actinella punctata, Synedra hemicyclus. Of this locality Mr. S. writes, ‘‘ This Lake is on the Cannon Mountain at a high level rarely visited by travellers. The gathering is surface water.” (5.) “Bemis Pond,” not many miles from the Saco spring, is a small Lake. The gathering, according to Mr. S., is “‘a peculiar sub-aqueous deposit” form- ing the bottom of the pond, “ about siz feet thick, and composed of nearly pure diatoms.” The contained species are Surirella Baileyi, S. intermedia, S. anceps, Eunotia incisa. Mr. Stodder adds, ‘‘ that in his opinion the only explanation of the origin of this and other similar deposits is afforded on the supposition that these diatoms were originally carried out into the still waters of the lake by small streams, and there deposited,” an explanation not altogether satisfactory, as most of the species are still-water forms: Navicula rhomboides, N. firma, N. major, Eunotia robusta,” §c., usually found in ponds and boggy pools. Similar deposits, not containing any of the transttionary species, occur at other localitiesin New England. One of the most remarkable, ten feet in thickness, is at Randolph, Massachusetts, another at Bristol, N. H. Mr. S. thinks, also, that these beds have been deposited at varying periods since the glacial period. (6.) “Echo Lake” (Franconia Notch,) a remarkably beautiful pond lying in the very gorge of the Notch; contains Surirella intermedia, Synedra hemicy- clus, Eunotia incisa, and curious varieties of Navicula serians and Odontidium tabellaria, hereafter to be noticed. (7.) “Gibbs Falls,” a short distance from the Saco springs to the west, contains Surirella intermedia, S. delicatissima, Actinella punctata, Hunotia incisa, along with recent species. (8.) “ Milldam at Gorham,” on the Glen side of Mount Washington, con- 1865.] 8 “PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF tains Surireila intermedia, S. anceps, S. delicatissima, Eunotia incisa, §c., along with recent species. These localities are all within the range of glacial influence. After a careful examination of the slides, prepared from gatherings from these localities, I have been struck not only by a general correspondence in their species and varieties to those of the Saco and Wolfboro muds, but also by their unlikeness to species and varieties outside the White Mountain tract. In speaking of the Saco and Wolfboro species I alluded to their general re- semblance to those of the sub-peat and peat deposits; the same remark of course holds good in reference to Mr. Stodder’s localities. I'will here simply confine myself to the statement of this general resemblance which further on will be illustrated by a table of species. There is one point, however, relating to the curious tendency to variation, usually on a definite direction, apparent in many of these localities in com- mon with post-tertiary deposits in other northern sections of this country, which requires & passing notice. _ This tendency, which for convenience I shall call metamorphic, seems to co- incide with the abundant introduction of certain genera in new localities. It is marked by a singular relaxation of the laws governing what I have before termed the non-essential characters of genus ; in other words, while respecting the more fixed and positive generic characters .(essential,) as ale, canaliculi, median lines, nodules, &c., it would seem to exhaust its influence on the more general and unimportant ones, as size, outline, striation, &c., common to all diatoms (non-essential.) Besides the intermediate or comprehensive type already spoken of, there would appear to result from this metamorphic tendency a subjective variation in many co-existing genera whether allied or not to the incoming one. This variation, which is not always special in its direction towards any type or genus, affects principally the size, form, valvular outline and striation of many species, manifesting itself oftenest in a disposition to assume an undulate, crenulate, apiculate or even cruciform shape; more rarely to lose these characters. It would seem to originate in a superabundance of the sporangial element, and frequently begets irregular, abnormal or unsymmetrical forms, according to the more or less spasmodic or intermittent action of the disturbing force. I may add that, in accordance with a well known law, most of these so formed varieties, where involving alteration of generic characters, as Surirella interme- dia, S. anceps, &c., or where irregular and unsymmetrical, as Acfinella, either rapidly disappear by a process of degeneration (visible in S. intermedia,) or revert to the normal type, while the extreme varieties, not implicating generic character, on the other hand may often become more or less permanent, as in Navicula firma, N. rhomboides, N. serians, and others. To render more intelligible what I have tried to explain above, I shall now notice a few of the most remarkable varieties contained in the Saco spring, ~ Wolfboro, and Mr. Stodder’s localities. (1.) “ Navicua sErrians” (Kutz.) “V. acute; transverse strie faint, 60 in ‘100 ; longitudinal distinct, 36 in -100;” frustules often cohering: Length -0017/7 “to -0035/’,” (Smith.) (2.) Var. a (apiculate.) V. varying from lanceolate elliptic to rhomboid, with apices more or less produced and capitate (fig. 5a, pl. ii.) (3.) Var. b (cruciform.) = N. follis, (Ehr.) —N. inflata, (Ebr.)? “V. much inflated, compressed, sloping abruptly towards the produced and often trun- cate apices ; extreme variety cruciform,” (fig. 54, pl. ii.) Var. a. (apiculate) about two-thirds, and Var. 6. (cruciform) less than one- half the length of the typical form. Striation in both varieties beyond a certain distortion on the latter variety precisely resembling that of the typical form. [Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 9 My attention was attracted long since, by the singular likeness, in striation, median nodule, and general character, of Navicula serians to N. follis, (Ehr.), a form not uncommon in northern post glacial deposits. Ehrenberg’s loose figures of the latter (NV. follis), give so many varieties of outline, and his description is so vague, that in time it seems to have become confounded by the English writers, with Navicula inflata, a species having no analogies to it beyond a slight resemblance in outline. Indeed it is probable, that Ehrenberg himself, owing to the use of im- perfect microscopes may have been led to associate these two very distinct species, and in distributing specimens may thus have originated the mistake. However this may be, it is evident that in describing the form called WN. follis, in the Bridgewater peat, (Mass.,) he did mean the one figured as var. 8. (cruciform), of IN. serians, fig. 5 6. pl. ii* The general resemblance in character, however, would not have sufficed to prove the specific identity of these two forms, viz. NV. serians and its var. b. cruciform,—had it not been for the discovery of a second variety which bridges over the interspace—that figured as NV. serians, var. a. fig. 5, a. pl. ii. “This variety occurs in two of the White Mountain localities, Bemis Lake, and Echo Lake, along with the typical form and the cruciform, var. 4, a strong corroborative evidence beside that afforded by numerous intermediate vari- eties of a common derivation. , : As this is a fact which, if recognized, involves a most important point in its bearing on the laws which determine species, I have drawn with utmost care (fig. 5, a. b. pl. ii.) the valves of what appear to be average specimens of these two varieties. The Bemis Lake’ slides of Mr. Samuels, now very difficult to obtain, are very carefully mounted, and afford beautiful illustra- tions of these forms,—as well as of Stauroneis Stodderii, n. sp. (Greenleaf,) (fig. 6, pl. ii.) The material is quite scarce at the present time, although it could no doubt readily be procured from the original locality. (1). ““Navicuna Firma” (Kutz).—Large, turgid, oblong, lanceolate, with obtuse, cuneate ends, thick borders, and large median nodule; strie wanting, or obscure.” (2). “ Varieties.”"—(a). linear oblong, (Navicula iridis.) 8. pointed elliptic, (NV. dilatata). y. cuneate (N. amphigomphus.) 3). “Secondary or metamorphic varieties.” @. triundulate, (not the same as NV. Hitchcockii). ¢ produced (N. producta, N. affinis). . apiculate. (N. amphirynchus). The specific identity of N. iridis, N. dilatata, N. amphigomphus, and perhaps one or two other reputed species has, I believe, been generally suspected, if not recognized. Certainly, it would be difficult for any one carefully studying the Northern deposits of this country, whether recent or fossil, to resist the conviction, that they really have a common origin. With regard, however, to some of those I have termed secondary or metamorphic, their common deriva- tion from WN. firma is not so obvious. I believe them, notwithstanding, to be all varieties of that species, a conclusion I have arrived at, after a careful comparison of gatherings from numerous localities. As, however, a conclusion so formed may be regarded as more a matter of prepossession than admitting of proof, I shall not undertake to illustrate it by elaborate descriptions of these varieties ; but this much may be said, that what has hitherto kept apart many of the best known of them, is simply difference in valvular outline and number of strie. If, hereafter, my view with regard to the unimportance and mutability of these characters be proved correct, the union of some, if not all these reputed species will probably be necessary. Taking all the enumerated varieties, there appear to be certain general ee eo eee (*Iam the more certain of this, from my friend Prof. H. L. Smith, of Kenyon College, 0., having recently written to me, calling attention to this very fact.) 1865.] 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF points of resemblance between them. These are—(1). “ The large open median nodular space.” (2). The intra-marginal, dark, and more or less broken line or lines, with separa- tion and distortion on the peculiar wavy longitudinal striation at that point.” (3). “ The sharp, clear, parallel, transverse striz. This last character seems to me, to afford a valuable clue for determining the primary or secondary nature of any undulate or apiculate form. Asa general rule, it will be found, I think, that parallel transverse strie, coinciding with an undulate margin, imply a secondary or metamorphic action on a species whose original outline was smooth; while on the other hand, a radiant trans- verse striation, or, rather, one constantly perpendicular to the marginal line, indi- cates thatan undulate outline i is primary. Thus, e. g. the triundulate outline of Na- vicula Hitchcockii, concurring with a parallel, transverse, striation, is most likely, secondary; also the crenulate dorsum of Himantidium undulatum (extreme variety). While the large and showy Navicula Sillimanornum, (fig. 8, pl. ii.) ought by the same rule to possess a primary outline, although much exagger- ated and intensified. In the apiculate forms, the metamorphic force being Operative over but a small terminal portion of the valvular margin, renders the rule less valuable. Although liable to many exceptions, this rule may be sufficiently general to possess a practical value, when taken in connection with other means of proof. I cannot leave these varieties of WV. firma, without adverting to the species known as WV. Hitchcockii, which has been regarded by some, as a variety of the former species. There is a triundulate variety of N. firma approaching very near to it in size and outline, but, differing essentially in the median line, which in WN. Hitchcockiti is remarkable as haying on either side a double line, nearly parallel to its course throughout. That it is of the habit of W. firma, however, can hardly be questioned ; and although not clearly traceable to that species, may it not, perhaps, be a compound variety, resulting from the conjugation of species reputed distinct, but in reality, only so sporangially ? I take occasion here to quote some very interesting remarks of Professor H. L. Smith, who has long been studying the habits of living diatomacex, and whose observations bearing on this and other points in that connection, will, I trust, shortly be made public. Ina recent letter to me, speaking on this very subject of extreme variation, he says: “ The variety of NV. firma ? like N. Hitchcockii, somewhat, on one of the slides you recently sent me (Saco River,) is curious ; but if you will examine the Bridgewater deposit, I think you will see something about J. follis of Ehr., that makes one almost say it is only a variety of NV. seriuans. The departure is greater, even as to form alone, than that of the specimen of WN. firma? like Hitchcockii is from the type of that species.”—He adds; “when I find N. amphirhynchus conjugating and pro- ducing JV. jirma, Stauroneis gracilis producing St. phenicenteron, and Surirella splendida, S. nobilis, quite different in form and striation, I cannot but doubt the propriety of making a new species out of every different shape and marking. He The views of Prof. Smith here expressed, cannot fail to awaken a lively interest in all who desire to have light thrown upon this perplexing question, and itis earnestly to be hoped, that the matured result of his investigations will not long be delayed. NAVICULA RHOMBOIDES is, with one or two exceptions, of all northern species the most common and widely distributed. It offers a broad range of form and outline. Like WN. firma, it has its elliptic, produced and apiculate forms. I may preface what I have to say of this species, by remarking that it is, in my opinion, impossible to determine on any positive characters, which shall distinguish it from J. crassinervia. The small apiculate variety which I have [Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. Ms been accustomed to regard as that species, clearly runs into the typical . rhomboides, of which it is most probably a colletonemoid (sporangial) offset. Two of the numerous varieties of this species, seem to be permanently distinct—more so, in fact, than in most permanent varieties—although con- nected by intermediate forms with the ordinary type. N. rhomboides, (Ebr.) V. nearly quadrangular, strie, faint, parallel 85 in. °001/7.¥ Length -0022/’, to 0037/”. (Smith). Sporangial Varieties, (1). (a). “ Frustule large, V. rhomboid to lanceolate— median line double, presenting at the terminal nodules a peculiar arrangement, somewhat similar to the ‘porte crayon” of Dr. Greville, as it exists in ¥. Lewisiana—only much less obvious.” (pl. ii., fig. 11). The transverse striz in this form, are about, 60 in -001/’, “the longitudinal, about, 45 in -001/7.” Length variable. Hab.—In nearly all fossil and recent northern deposits. (2). (0). M. diaphana? (Ehbr.) V. lanceolate—extremities slightly pro- duced—obtuse, median line thicker than in var. a, terminating in obtuse, rounded, nodular expansions rarely attenuated laterally—strie transverse , about 504@55in-001/%. Longitudinal, coarser and more wavy than in var. a, more or less indistinct for some distance round the central nodule. Hab.—Bemis Lake, abundant, Saco pond, Wolfboro, and other New Eng- land deposits. It is not so common as var. a, (pl. ii., fig, 10). The former of these, is probably the ordinary sporangial variety of WN. rhomboides ; the latter, I have found more rarely in gatherings along the Saco Valley, and—I think, elsewhere in New England—I have been struck with the rarity of both these varieties, particularly, of var. 6. on foreign slides.* Var. a, sometimes approaches var. 4 in outline ; but, I have never seen the latter of a quadrangular or rhomboid shape. Occasionally the terminal nodule undergoes a trifling modification, becoming slightly indented at the rounded corners. This may, perhaps, be a compound variety. Figured at pl. ii., fig. 21, is what I believe to be N. Carassius, (Ehr)., (WV. cocconeiformis, (Smith). (Gregory’s new British sp. Mic. Jour. vol. iv. pl. i., fig. 22). This is a rare American species, usually fossil. The stria are very hard to resolve. Some of the varieties of this diatom, suggest an affinity to N. rhomboides ; but not sufficiently marked to warrant notice. “Navicuta Sinpmanorum,” (Ehr.) An exaggerated variety of this species, I have figured, (pl. ii., fig 8). I have found it only in the Wolfboro mud. The typical form of Ehrenberg, occurs in some of the N. Hampshire deposits. It is a singularly compact and beautiful diatom—more nearly allied to WN. nobilis, than to NV. tabellaria—as is shown by the relations of the striz to the marginal line, which according to the rule before mentioned, indicate the in- tensification of a primary undulate outline. Navicua Gastrum, (Ehr.)? fig. 17, pl. ii). Rare inthe Wolfboro mud. I have not come across it elsewhere. The striation is more or less irregularly punctate around the median nodule, and along the median line, as in N. granulata. (Bailey). The strie are radiant—otherwise, it might be set down as a degenerate variety of NV. firma. “ Naviouta pLacenta,” Ehr. fig. 4, pl. ii—JV. apiculata, Greg. (Mic. Jour., vol. iv., pl. i., fig. 13)—W. rostellum. (Smith). This little species is ventricose or elliptic, with a nipple-like projection, at each apex. It corresponds per- fectly in outline, with Dr. Gregory’s figure; but the striation is so peculiar in its arrangement, that I have thought it best to figure the valve. The striz are of two kinds. (1). transverse, sharp, radiant, close. (2). obliquely curved GA TEE tat Ce PRN tet er? Be ener eeeeseeeer (*The slides coming from abroad, labelled “Amician test,” are, I believe, prepared from material obtained from this country.) 1865.] 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF in both directions towards the median line, crossing as in Hyalodiscus subtilis. (Bailey).—coarser than the transverse. These characters are constant in all the specimens I have of this species, from this and other localities—Wolf- boro, N. H., Duck creek, Del. river. Stavroners. This genus is very abundantly represented, particularly in the Wolfbdro mud. It is common in all post tertiary deposits, and presents a bewildering looseness of character. ° I have long tried to understand the meaning of S. Baileyi, (Ehr.) and its varieties. Some time ago, I came to the conclusion, that the one having the quadrangular shape and terminal inflexion of St. acuta was a sporangial var. of that species ; and that the other (Pteroidea) bore the same relation to St. phenicenteron. This belief has recently been shaken, by my finding the latter variety (Pteroidea) in the ‘“ Nova Scotia” deposit, with a very strongly marked terminal inflexion, and the other characters of size, striation, and outline, so variable as to compel the conclusion, that they are both énter- changeable varieties of a common species—possibly St. phenicenteron. ; A very interesting study of these forms is afforded, by the Nova Scotia, Blue Hill pond, (Me.) and, in fact, by nearly all the northern deposits, recent and fossil. STAURONEIS LEGUMEN, (Ehr.) The aberrant variety, (pl. ii., fig. 14), will show the range of outline in this species. Frustules of this shape occur sparingly in the Wolfboro mud, along with the ordinary form. STAURONEIS AMPHICEPHALA, (Kutz.) This species [ notice, to direct atten- tion to the figure of S. anceps in Prof. Smith’s “Synopsis,” which, in all re- spects, answers to the description and figure of Kutzing’s (Bacillarien, p. 105, pl. 30, fig. 25). 8S. amphicephala. S. anceps, (Ehr.), is subcapitate with truncate apices, S. amphicephala, capitate with rounded ends. Very likely, these two Species are identical. The mere length or relations of the stauros to the margin not constituting a valid reason for keeping them apart. I cannot close what I have to say about Stawroneis and its varieties, without alluding to a stauroneiform tendency which seems to prevail in certain locali- ties. This is marked in the Wolfboro, where seven species of Stauroneis co- exist with a number of stauroneiform varieties of Navicula. I now pass on to notice some varieties of— Hiwantipium and Eunorra. I have before spoken of the prevalence of these genera in the Saco and cotemporary deposits, and likewise of the remarkable subordination of their specific character to the metamorphic force, as exempli- fied in Himantidium pectinale, and H. arcus, Eunotia robusta and E. incisa. I now give a few illustrations of the most common of these metamorphic varieties, (pl. ii., fig. 12, 13, etc.) which strongly corroborate the view entertained by the late Prof. W. Smith, of the probable common derivation of many of the known British species of Himantidium, from two types; viz.: H. pectinaleand H. arcus. (vide Synopsis, vol. ii., p. 11). Of these varieties, pl. ii., fig. 13a, represents a,common sporangial form of Himantidium undulatum. It will be seen that the dorsum is already hollowed out as a preliminary step towards another common variety (sporangial) of the same diatom* of which variety I have figured only the extreme and last stage, at pl.ii., fig. 6. This last, represents quite nearly two conjoined frus- tules of H. undulatum (type), as does the intermediate variety, two of H. pectinale. Whether or no these remarkable sporangial frustules ever undergo trans- *(Those slides prepared by Mr. Samuels, of Boston, labelled Himantidium undulatum, afford a very fine illustration of this yariety, which is abundant in fresh water streams throughout Massa- chusetts.) (Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 13 verse division, Iam unable to say from actual observation ; but their ap- pearance is certainly suggestive of that phenomenon. I ought to add, that the secondary gibbosities on the ventral aspect of var. b., are rarely as well marked as shown in the figure (13 6. pl. ii). Of Evnorta incisa, pl. ii., fig. 12a., represents an extreme variety. The ex- traordinary attenuation of the valve well illustrates the synedroid bias, no- ticeable in the Saco, and, to a lesser degree, in the Wolfboro muds. The inflexion peculiar to the terminal portion of the valve in these bacillar varieties of H#. incisa, often nearly reaches the dorsum. On the other hand, an opposite variety of H. ineisa occurs, which is nearly as broad as long.* Lunotia camelus? (fig. 126. pl. ii.) is probably allied to Z. incisa. Some of the frustules are long and narrow, with hardly any perceptible undulation. == Eu. impressa, (Ehr.), occurs sparsely at Wolfboro and Bemis Lake. EvnoTia BACTRIANA, (Ehr.), (fig. 16, pl. ii.) isquite common. There appears to be considerable range of variation in this species. EUNOTIA PENTAGLYPHIS, (Ehr.), as figured (fig. 4, pl. ii.) is also a changeable form. It is widely distributed in the post-tertiary deposits, and has all the characters of a metamorphic variety of Hu. robusta. OpDONTIDIUM TABELLARIA, (Smith) == Dimeregramma tabellaria, (Ralfs.) I have retained this name, as that by which this diatom is best known. The two varieties figured in Smith’s British Diatomacexz, and which may, for convenience, be termed primary and secondary, seem to be peculiarly obnoxious to the metamorphic force. Figs. 1 and 2, pl. ii., represent a series of elongated varieties from the Saco river, (Synedroid). Of these, two are specially notice- able, 2b,and 2d. The first of these has strong marginal puncta; (Nitzschoid ?) while the second exemplifies the same suggestive principle of symmetrical variation seen in Himantidium undulatum, fig. 13, var. b. pl. ii. The punctate tendency, which is quite exceptional, manifesting itself only on a few frustules, is to a lesser degree observable in Tudellaria, in the same deposit. There remain to be considered, one or two forms in these deposits, which are not clearly traceable to any known species. (1). NavicuLa (STAURONEIFORM) n. sp.? (pl. ii. fig. 9). F. V. not ascertained. Y. lanceolate, gradually attenuated towards the capitate or sub-capitate ex- tremities. Striz sub-marginal, interrupted for a considerable space oppo- site the central nodule. Hab.—Wolfboro. Common. (Fig. 9, pl. ii.) This little form I have not named, as it may possibly prove a stauroneiform variety of some known species. This stawroneiform habit is very obvious in the Wolfboro varieties; as is the synedroid, in the Saco. (2). Sravrongis SroppEru, n. sp. (Greenleaf), pl. ii. fig. 6.) F. V. Linear, with slightly rounded ends ; connecting membrane slight and fragile. Y. elliptic lanceolate, with more or less produced and slender extremities. Stauros linear, reaching the margin. Série (longitudinal) parallel, sharp and elear. Variable in number. Série (transverse), radiant, distinct, about 55 in -001. Length variable. Hab. of St. phenicenteron and St. amphicephala. Bemis Lake, Wolfboro, Gor- ham pond, This beautiful species was first made known to me by Mr. Stodder, who had it from Mr. R. OC. Greenleaf, of Boston, who names it St. Stodderii, in com- pliment to the former observer. He has permitted me to describe it. *(Eunotia nodosa. Var. Himantidium pectinale? in the Bemis Lake, presents a remarkable variety, analogous to the above in proportions. It is also nearly as broad as long, and slightly constricted.) 1865.] 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF The valves which are singularly light and graceful, the linear striation giving the surface much the aspect of a scale of Lepisma, are rarely found united by the connecting membrane. Mr. Greenleaf communicates the following facts, with relation to this diatom; ‘ The longitudinal lines are parallel throughout, gradually fading away, so that they are not seen near the apices; they are faintly visible with careful illumination and focussing over the stauros; margin beaded.” Ihave not been able to verify Mr. G.’s observations. It seems to me, that the longitudinal strie are internal, and underlie the stauros, and that they are traceable up to the apex, in that limited number of parallel striz which the narrow area of the extremity can accommodate. The beaded marginal appearance, is probably due to the effect produced by the inflexion of the strie. Mr. Stodder believes the longitudinal strie to be corrugations of the internal membrane, designed to strengthen the valve. The figure (fig. 6, pl. ii.) is not sufficiently elongate for an average speci- men of this species. “TprracycLus” (abnormal)? (pl. ii., fig. 3a, & b.) F. V., much as in the typical form, (genus) ; filament with a central constriction; frustules small ; septa alternate, equal; V. deeply constricted in the centre, (not unlike a dumb-bell crystal of oxalate of lime). Hab. of Tabellaria and Tetracyclus. Lafayette Mt. Lake. This singular form occurs only at the above locality. Being minute and much intermixed with Tabellaria and Odontidiwm tabellaria, it is apt to be overlooked on a crowded slide. The septa are quite insignificant. They exist at both ends of the valve. This anomalous form suggests a metamorphic variation, mediate between Zabellaria and Tetracyclus, and is a true comprehen- sive type, although less perfect than Swurirella intermedia. The relations of the septa, small as they are to the valve, and to each other, are constantly those of Tetracyclus, (never of Tabellaria), though the impressible character of outline, passively yielding to the disturbing force, has wandered far away from the typical pattern of that genus.* I will now, as briefly as possible, sum up the conclusions I have tried to establish in this and the previous paper. After which summary will be found a comparative table of some of these species. These are—(1). That the genera Synedra, Nitzschia, Tabellaria, and perhaps, Odontidium and Himantidium, made their first appearance as prevalent forms on this continent, at varying epochs, since the Glacial period. (2). That there are epochs, which may be termed ¢ransitionary, coinciding with the abundant introduction of genera, (as above), marked by a singular relaxation of the laws which govern generic character, (metamorphic force.) (3). This metamorphic force while respecting the more fixed and positive generic characters, (essential), usually attacks the more variable and unimpor- tant characters, (i. e. those common to most diatoms), (non-essential), of those genera most nearly allied to the incoming one, giving rise to comprehensive or synthetic forms ; as Surirella intermedia, Sanceps &c. (4). During these epochs, there would also seem to exist a subjective Variation in many of the cotemporary genera, whether allied or not to the prevailing one—originating in this objective force—still affecting the non-essen- tial characters, principally form and outline, e. g. objective genera Synedra, *(The metamorphic force seems to run riot in this particular locality, (Mt. Lafayette Lake), and nearly all the species appear to participate in this tendency to depart from their normal type. The largest and showiest frustules of the pointed elliptic, which is by far the finest variety of WV. jirma, pass down through many intermediate forms into a minute and characterless JV. affinis, NN. rhomboides ranges from the smallest apiculate, up to the magnificent var. b. (pl. ii., fig. 11), curious and anomalous varieties of Zabellaria, of Odontidium tabellaria, some punctate, others Synedroid, eccentric varieties of Synedra hemicyclus, of Eunotia incisa, Zu. camelus, Eu. pentagly- phis, Hu. robusta, of Himantidium gractle, concurring with the abnormal Actinella punctata, Surirella intermedia, and S. delicatissima, altogether form a grouping confused and incoherent beyond precedent.) [Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 15 Nitzschia ; subjective genera, Surirella, Himantidium, Odontidium, Tabellaria, Eunotia, and resultant varieties. (Pl. ii., figs. 1, 2, 12, 13). (5). An extreme variation, not special in its direction towards any type or genus, extending to the valvular outline of many altogether distinct genera, characterizes these metamorphic epochs; manifesting itself in disposition to assume an wndulate, apiculate or crenulate contour, or to lose these characters, e.g. Eunotia incisa, Himantidium, Navicula serians, N. firma; or in irregular, abnormal or unsymmetrical forms, due probably, to unequal or spasmodic action of the metamorphic force, e. g. Actinella, Tetracyclus, (fig. 3, pl. ii.) (6). These so-formed varieties, where based upon changes of generic char- acter, or where abnormal or unsymmetrical, are always short-lived; on the other hand, varieties not involving generic character, often become fixed and permanent, as Navicula firma, (var. iridis, amphigomphus, §c.) N. serians, var. B., N. rhomboides. (7). That it is not improbable, that many species not reputed distinct, are capable of conjugating with each other; and that peculiarities of outline and striation constitute but uncertain data for division of species. Table of Species. (*) Indicates the presence of species at the locality. 4 = ne a2 g/3is = Localities where the ‘ intermediate Sligis D fs all |= 5 ” ny aD -j|o type’ species occur. ples 2\m/o|/o]s Al, /4 o |S 1.8 s Ble|s|ciole = ClslolSls|S lo =|9 | [9 00 | a = [a [5 IO 5 Snel ae sida ened id dina idbaaiaietadl bie oF da Eee ee eo Surirella Baileyi.............. peBOb s faqasplas's sSepas an Sesseiclles alm “Waihi IE lester -- InterMedias 006. .cesccesves vhs Samaas Sik an eects 7 [Pg es IS STR x ey ee GNGEPS-sadaan- tcladseee ab camevabtewets wea Pare a PES 5 Oe fg 7 “ AGIICALISSIINGT eecetaones-avesser-sesescceecsses |e S| es 1p a hae Cia Atetmellanpunc tates. 25- .sscesaesseons cab iaa dese ls Siqcetie. fi (a uaa 2. | co) " : Some of these Localities of species usu-|£ 5 S| lal ote species also il- ally fossil, and of thosejJ=|"| | s/ol¥| |a\S|S\S| | lustrate the ir- metamorphic in the direc- | F |= aa = 2\=\<¢l|regular varia- . e |r |}2\o alee Suns ° tion of Synedra, and Holo lSleelsis =\5|%|S | tion of the next 029 RO te pack -fE(2 1/210 (S/8|5 1813 |< [2 [5 | section, (No. 3). FAIA AF Ala le |e l= 1815/5! Bunotia nodo- : aE - ole lnc loch olccl calor laa idee DeVore Himantidium pectinale........) *| *| * * * * *| *| *) *| *| | noted, as it ig “ RCUR se, fe, %| *!| %| %| *| ¥| x) xl x] xl x] | but a doubtfal sus. i. : species. Eunotia incisa (long var.)...| ? ?| *| *| * VGH H | bes Ae | NODUSEE |. .000e85 phe gts bal ial iad ed Wicd ad (thal Pita Oia 4 Odontidium tabellaria. ..... ..| *| 2) *| *| *| *| *| *| *| * |Synedra hemicyclus. ..-...00.-.| 2) ?| *| 2 * * ig Wea ikea 1865.] 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 3. 4 . ais 1 3 sic _ s18| | |Sls} |. leis Species illustrating irregular variation not) 3 |= -|=|3;} [815 Siz in any special direction. Bis al=|21 |2 alti aa} 15(2/2/slelslslola SISSiS l= sl lS slalsle Slile Zi/olZlolslolRio 9 | [2 | 3315 |9 |S [a [SIS aa RE A a | ea jest |r Navicula serians......0.0.0. ra Sqnsescsvacecisssses|s A} ul (espe oo esi| ox| ll aoe “ st VET Dao aac SOAMLLEED each od| | % * ae 3 VIDS Oss ilscasssnseincesssscouesven ial | eR) OX %| % “ Jirma and Var........00. earaesiter ee eee] *] *] ¥] %] %] HX) RY] HK] HR) HR) 6 FhOMUOUMES vse sodeaveewe tlesen se ceeeeseli ty %| *) *) HR) * HX) R) & & is VAT. “dissec: Re Rcfaeseast| iat *| 2 % tC x WAL: O.ccncerccccceocomesres aa od ed i %| * Stauroneis Baileyi and Var.........cecoesccseveee| *| *| *] * Eunotia incisa, (Ordinary Var.)........seccseeeee ? *) 2) %| % 6 pentitg ly phir. .cc.. 0. sack czcanvecevcersca|l ale], *) = lee (~~ DOCUTAANG. ncnacceviecocessccse tecewatsceccecce] ot %| * Tetracyclus? (AabnOrMal)......seceseseeees Acoone * Navicula Sillimanorum....cccesceessreees MD Pre) ies * # Surtrella Aecord......cesssceceeceee gevcceresenscees | % ie ca %| #) * I add a list of the ordinary grouping of species in these localities. This is necessarily incomplete and liable to error, owing to the fact that in some of these muds, within the immediate influence of mountain streams, as parts of the Saco spring—the Flume—Bethel—there is a large dilution with more modern forms. These I have excluded and placed in a list by themselves. The absence of these species in the still pond localities of the White Mountains, is, I think, sufficient evidence of their extraneous habitat, when fouad along with the grouping below. Cymbella cuspidata, C. helvetica, Epithemia ventricosa, E. argus, Eunotia robusta, Eu. incisa, Surirella nobilis, S. oblonga, 8. decora, Navicula firma, N. serians, N. rhomboides, N. major, N. tabellaria, N. viridis, N. acrospheria, N. radiosa, N. mesolepta, N. borealis, N. Staureiformis, N. elliptica, N. cuspidata, Stauroneis phenicenteron, St. gracilis, St. Baileyi, St. anceps, St. legumen, Cocconema lanceolatum, C. cymbiforme, Gomphonema coronatum, G. turgidum, (var. G. capitatum) ? Gomphonema, (var. G. acuminatum), Himantidium arcus, H. pectinale, Odontidium tabellaria, Fragillaria, (doubtful ?)—Achnanthidium ? Tetracyclus lacustris, (rare). Diatoma elongatum, (rare), Tabellaria vulgaris and vars. Orthosira orichalcea, Cocconeis Thivaitesii, (rare), Nitzschia spectabilis, (rare), Synedra ulna, (rare), Navicula= Amphiprora navicularis, (Ehr.)? (common in sub-peat and peat), Navicula scutelloides, (rare). The following are, probably, extraneous species :—Odontidium mesodon, O. mutabile, Meridion circulare, Cocconeis placentula, Synedra radians, Nitzchia am- phioxys, N. tenuis, Pleurosigma Spencer, Gomphonema capitatum, G. geminatum, Asterionella formosa, Colletonema vulgare. Denticula and Amphiprora are not represented in any of these deposits, unless by one or two doubtful forms, one of which is figured in (pl. i., fig. 6), Amp. ornata, the only fresh water species, is not common so far north. *(I have omitted to notice an abnormal variety of Surirella decora? in ‘the Wolfboro mud. This is ovate; the median line extending for little more than one half the length of the valve, leaving an equal open area at either end. From the extremities of the median line, the faint costs: branch out with a beautifully radiant arrangement, appearing as if they all arose from the game point. I have found this form also at Montmorency Falls, Cana‘a.) [Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 17 I had intended, in the present communication, to give a résumé of species contained in the ‘blue clay” of the Delaware river alluvium, and in adjacent localities along the river. This last I shall be obliged to defer; but as several of the figures published in my last paper were designed to illustrate it, T will briefly describe them. “ AMPHORA INTERMEDIA,” n. sp.? (pl.i., 7a, bandc). F. V. linear elliptic, or elliptic; margin of the inflected portion of the valve recurved, resembling a small ala, marginal puncta distinct, V. arcuate, with rounded apices finely striated. Hab.—Atlantic, N. J., rare. This delicate and beautiful species, belongs to the complex Amphorex of Dr. Gregory. Its outline and appearance on the F. V. are suggestive of Amphi- prora, from which genus, however, the absence of the terminal nodules and its valvular outline remove it. The few specimens I have found, do not en- able me to judge accurately as to its average length or striation. NavicuLA—n. sp. ? (pl.i., fig. 8) V. rhomboid, with cuneate slightly pro- duced extremities, strie radiant, moniliform. The only specimen I have of this diatom, is a detached valve, from which the figure (pl. i., fig. 8), is taken. Hab.—Blue clay, Kaighn’s point, Del. river. AMPHIPRORA PULCHRA,Var. 3. A. conspicua (Greville )? (pl.i., fig. 10, a and b). I am not sure, whether this fine diatom is identical with that figured in the Mic. Journal as A. conspicua. (Trans. Mic. Soc., vol. ix., pl. 10, fig. 16). My figure, which is carefully drawn froma slide of Rockaway mud, differs certainly from that of the Mic. Journal. The frustules are always twisted, as shown in fig. 10a, pl. i., and the elongated nodules have much the look of canaliculi. Its habit isthat of A. pulchra, of which species I have thought it a variety. It rarely attains half the size of that species ; occurs sparingly in many brackish and marine localities. MASTOGLOIA ELEGANS, 0. sp. (pl. i., fig. 9). F. V. as shown at pl. ii., fig. 16. Y. large, lanceolate, elliptic ; extremities sometimes a little produced ; loculi numerous; very minute; marginal; strie sharp, clear, parallel; about 36 a 40 in 001’. Median nodule laterally produced into a fine point. Habit and growth of M. apiculata, of which species it may be a permanent variety. I have not, however, been able to trace the connection. It occurs along with M. angulata, and the above, at Atlantic, N. J., Cape May, (Schellinger’s Inlet), and as a pure gathering ; abundant. MaSTOGLOIA KINSMANII, n. sp. (pl. ii., fig. 15 a and 4.) F. V. as shown at fig. 185. V. lanceolate or elliptic, with more or less produced ends; loculi less.numerous than in M. apiculata or M. elegans ; the central 4 or 5, larger than the others ; (this is a constant character). Median line with a narrow blank space on either side, connivent at the apices; sirie sharp, radiant, about 40 in-001. Habit and growth of the pre. ceding. Hab.—Cape May, Cold spring, Atlantic marshes. Not an uncommon species at the above localities. The frustule is quite thick, and of a dark, chocolate, brown color, when dry. This somewhat doubtful species I have named (provisionally) after my friend Mr. Kinsman, of this city, who first directed my attention to it, and to whom I am under great obligations for aid in mounting and preserving specimens, and for many valuable hints in their study. There remain to be noticed, two very similar Navicule, having strong affinities with V. Lewisiana, (Grev.) One of them (pl. ii., fig. 19.) frequently occurs along with it, and is probably, an early stage of that diatom; and the 1865.] 2 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF other, (pl. ii., fig. 20,) is a not uncommon coastal species. Both are brackish. For convenience of reference, I have provisionally named these forms, whose claims to rank as distinct species are very questionable: (1.) NavicuLa 1ncomperta, (pl. ii., fig. 20.)—V. lanceolate elliptic, with a thick double median line; terminal nodules inconspicuous; transverse siriz parallel; about 70 in -001/’; longitudinal siriz wavy, faint, about 55 to 60, in -001. Cape May, Atlantic, and Rockaway Salt marshes, common. (2.) Navicuna rnTerRPositA, (pl. ii.,fig. 19.)—V. elliptic, elongated, shorter than in the preceding; terminal nodules usually inconspicuous. Transverse strie sharp, parallel, about 50 a 55 in -001/’. Longitudinal, straight, parallel, about 45 a 50 in -001. Paraiba Harbor, S.A.; Wilmington R., Savannah, Ga.—C: Febiger. The front view of both these species is linear, or sometimes slightly con- stricted, with abruptly rounded ends, to which the suddenly inflected terminal nodule gives an emarginate appearance, as is sometimes seen in NV. rhombotdes. In WV. Lewisiana, on the other hand, the front view is commonly a little infla- ted, and the terminal curves much more gradual. The straight and long ter- minal nodule of this last species, subtends the arc formed by this curve, whence, probably, arises a good deal of that apparent inflation of the “ezira median” lines, spoken of by Dr. Greville. (Trans. Mic. Soc., vol. xi. N.S. p. 16.) The variation in size, form and number of strive is very considerable in all of these species from different localities, and for the reason this measures I have given above are only approximate. As opportunity offers, I hope to continue the notice of the Delaware river, and adjacent coastal diatoms. Prats II. Fig. (1.) Odontidium tabellaria.—Sporangial varieties of primary form. (a), ordinary form, # and 7, elongated frustules. (2.) Odontidium tabellaria.—Sporangial varieties of secondary form. (4), pune- tate variety of, c. elongated form, d. double sporangial frustule. ) Tetracyclus ? (abnormal)—a. V. 6. F. V. ) Eunotia pentaglyphis, (Ehr.) .) Navicula serians, a. (apiculate), b. (cruciform) variety—=N. follis. .) Stauroneis Stodderii, n. sp. (Greenleaf). ) 0 Navicula Sillimanorum, Ebr. Navicula (Stauroneiform,) n. sp.? .) Navicula rhomboides. Sporangial var. b. 1.) Navicula rhomboides, Sporangial var. a. 2.) pes Cun (a) extreme variety, (Synedroid), 4. Biundulate variety = Eu. camelus. (13.) Himantidium undulatum. Sporangial, var. a and 4. (14.) Stauroneis legumen, Ehr. (15.) Mastogloia Kinsmanii, n. sp. a. V. b. F. V. (16.) Mastoglia elegans, n. sp. F. V. (17.) Navicula gastrum, Ehr. (18.) Hunotia bactriana, Ehr. (19.) Navicula interposita, n. sp. (20.) Navicula incomperta, n. sp. (15.) Mavicula carassius, Ehr. These figures are all magnified 500 diameters. The representations of strie are only designed to give a general idea of their direction and character, not of number, actual or comparative. .) Navicula placenta, Ebr. ) [Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 19 Synonymy of the Species of STREPOMATIDZ, a Family of Fluviatile Mollusca inhabiting North America. Part 4. BY GEORGE w. TRYON, JR. The first, second and third parts of this paper* included all the species then - known to science, except a peculiar group, of about sixty species of Gonio- basis, inhabiting principally the Coosa River, Alabama. The species of this group are distinguished from others of the genus by their heavy, bulbous or cylindrical, or pupeform shapes, and their very short spires. I was not sat- isfied that they belonged to the genus Goniobasis, and therefore reserved them for further study. Mr. Lea has since eliminated from this group principally, his excellent ge- nus Lurycelon, which still leaves most of the species, however, in Goniobasis. Finding that I am still unable to make a satisfactory separation, I have con- cluded to finish the synonymy, treating these shells as Goniobases. I avail myself of this opportunity to publish those additions and corrections in the synonymy of the first three parts, which the kind assistance of my friends, and particularly of Mr. Lea, together with my own investigations have enabled me to make. Including the species of the present paper, my Catalogue now embraces about five hundred species and three hundred synonymsf. 10, Lea. 1. I. fluvialis, Say. Lo fluviatilis, H. and A, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. Brot, Malaco Blatt. ii. p. 114, July, 1860. lo fusiformis, Lea, Chenu, Man. Conchyl. i. f. 1977. Lo fusiformis, Say, H. and A. Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. Jo tenebrosa, Lea, H. and A, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. Troschel, Archiv fur Naturgesch. ii. p. 130, 1843. 3. I. spinosa, Lea. Io spinosa, Lea, Chenu, Man. de Conchyl. i. f. 1973. Morch, Yoldi, Cat. p. 56. Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. PLEUROCERA, Raf. 1. P. alveare, Con. Melania alveare, Cour., Miller, Synopsis, p. 46, 1836. Megara alveare, Con., Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. Megara torquata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. do pernodosa, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 2. P. Foremaniy, Lea. ; Gyrotoma Foremani, Lea, ? Adams’ Genera i. p. 305. 3. P.undulatum, Say. ; Melania undulata, Say, Brot, Mal. Blatt. ii. p. 106, July, 1860. Megara undulata, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. 4. P.excuratum, Conrad. ; Melania excurata, Conr., Miiller, Synopsis, p. 43, 1836. * Proceedings Acad. Nat. Sciences, Nov., 1863, p. 306; Feb., 1864, p. 24; April, 1864, p. 92. The species, published by Mr. Lea in the Proceedings of the Academy for 1864, are not all in- cluded in this paper, as the short diagnoses do not allow me to place them in a satisfactory manner. As soon as the full descriptions and figures are published in our Journal, I will indicate their proper places in this list, 1865.] 20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 6. P. nobile, Lea. To nobilis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 8 P.canaliculatum, Say. Io canaliculata, Say, Morch, Yoldi, Cat. p. 56. Ceriphasia canaliculata, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. Sige Sap Say, Sowerby, Mollusca, Fauna Boreali Americana, iii. p. Gyrotoma conica, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 305. Melania Sayi, Deshayes, Encyc. Meth. Vers. ii. p. 427, 1830. 9. P. filum, Lea. Elimia filum, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 11. P. olivaceum, Lea. This species should follow No. 21. léa. P. trivittatum, Lea.* Synonymy, Part Ist, No. 79. 17a. P. fastigiatum, Anthony. Synonymy, Part Ist, No. 44. 28. P. unciale, Haldeman. P. unciale, Hald., Synonymy, Part Ist, No. 67. P. bicostatum and rigidum, Anth., ibid. No. 28. P. sugillatum, Reeve, ibid. No. 68. G. oblita, Lea, Synonymy, Part 2, No. 126. 29. P. subulare, Lea. Ceriphasia subularis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. 29a. P. intensum, Anthony. Melania intensa, Anthony, Reeve, Monog. sp, 371. Brot, List, p. 30. 33. P.annuliferum, Conrad. Melania annulifera, Conr., Miller, Synopsis, p, 44. Ceriphasia annulifera, Conr., Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. Ceriphasia Ordiana, Lea, ibid. p. 297. 38. P. elevatum, Say. Elimia elevata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. Ceriphasia elongata, Lea, ibid. p. 297, not Ceriph. elevata, Say, of Chenu, Man. i. f. 1961. 40. P. aratum, Lea. Ceriphasia exarata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. 44, P. fastigiatum, Anthony. Should be No. 17a. 49. P. pyrenellum, Conrad. Melania pyrenella, Conrad, Miller, Synopsis, p. 45. 51. P. regulare, Lea. Ceriphasia regularis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. 55. P.labiatum, Lea. 55a. P. pallidum, Lea.t 57. P. vestitum, Conrad.f * Perhaps = Thorntonit. jf : + After a thorough examination of the specimens of labiatum and pallidum, I incline to the be- lief that they are distinct. ¢ G. spinalis, Lea, may be identical with this species. [ Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 21 Melania vestita, Conrad, Miller, Synopsis, p. 47. 57a. P. lugubre, Lea. Melania lugubris, Lea, Philos. Proc. iv. p. 166, August, 1845, Philos. Trans. x. p. 58, t. 9, f. 29. Obs. iv. p.58. Binney, Check List, No. 164. Brot, List, p. 31. Gontobasis spurca, Lea, Synopsis, Part 2d, No. 177. Ceriphasia spurca, Lea, H. and A, Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. 58a. P. pictum, Lea. Melania picta, Lea, Philos. Proc. ii. p. 82, Oct., 1841. Philos. Trans. ix. p. 19. Obs. iv. p. 19. Wheatley, Cat. Shells, U. 5. p. 26. Binney, Check List, No. 205. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 290. Melania picturata, Reeve,* Errata to Monog. Melania. Brot, List, p. 38. 63a. P. Ocoéense, Lea. Goniobasis Ocoéensis, Lea, Synonymy, Part 2d, No. 181. 67. P. unciale, Haldeman. Synonymy, Part lst, = No. 28. 68. P. sugillatum, Reeve, Synonymy, Part lst, = No. 28. 76. P.curvatum, Lea. Gyrotoma curvata, Say, ? Adams’ Genera i. p. 305. 79. P.trivittatum, Lea. Synonymy, Part Ist, = No. l6a. 83. P. opaca, Anthony. G. opaca, iostoma and nigrostoma, Anthony, Synonymy, Part 2d, No, 119. P. Tennesséense, Lea, Synonymy, Part ist, No. 83. ANGITREMA, Haldeman. 1. A. geniculata, Haldeman. Lithasia genicula, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. 2. A.salebrosa, Conrad. Melania salebrosa, Conrad, Miiller, Synopsis, p. 44. Lithasia salebrosa, Conrad, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. 5. A. Jayana, Lea. Io Jayana, Lea, Brot, Mal. Blatt. ii. p, 115, July, 1860. Lo robulina, Anthony, Chenu, Manuel de Conchyl. i. f. 1976. Adams’ Ge- nera i. p. 299. 7. A. armigera, Say. Lo armigera, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 8. A. Duttoniana, Lea. Io Duttoniana, Lea, Chenu, Man. de Conchyl. i. f. 1974. Adams’ Genera 1. ps 299: 9. A. stygia, Say. Io tuberculata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p, 299. 11. A. lima, Conrad. Melania lima, Cour. Miiller, Synopsis, p. 46. Megara lima, Conr., Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. 12. A. verrucosa, Rafinesque. Potadoma depygis, Say, Chenu, Manuel de Conchyl. i. f. 1970. Lithasia semigranulosa, Deshayes, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. * As a Pleurocera, the name of picta is not pr eoccupied. 1864.] 22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF LITHASIA, Haldeman. 1. L.fuliginosa, Lea. Leptoxis fuliginosa, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. 2. L. Florentiana, Lea. Io Florentiana, Lea, H. and A. Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 9. L. nucleola, Anthony. L. obliqua, Anthony, Synonymy, Part 1st, No. 14, ll. L. obovata, Say. Lithasia obovata, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. Leptoxis Hildrethiana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. 14. L. obliqua, Anthony. Synonymy, Part Ist, — Z. nucleola, Anthony, No. 9. STREPHOBASIS, Lea. 1. S. curta, Haldeman. Megara solida, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. 2. S. pumila, Lea. Megara pumila, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. 8. 8. bitaeniata, Conrad. Melania biteniata, Conrad, Miiller, Synopsis, p. 45. GONIOBASIS, Lea. 2. G. gratiosa, Lea. 2a.G. lachryma, Anthony. Both=Evurycz1on. 3. G. gibberosa, Lea. —=EURYCELON. 4.G. nubila, Lea. = EvRYCZLON. 6. G. Hy deii, Conrad. Melania Hydeti, Conrad, Miiller, Synopsis, p. 44. 8. G. caelatura, Conrad. 8a. G. Stewardsoniana, Lea.* 8b. G. flavescens, Lea.t+ Goniobasis flavescens, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, p. 271, 1862—Journal Acad. Nat. Sci., v. pt. 3, p. 339, t. 38, f. 202, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 161. 10. G. catenaria, Say. Elimia catenaria, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 11. G. catenoides, Lea. Elimia catenoides, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 14. G. Boy kiniana, Lea. Elimia Boykiniana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. Juga Troostiana, Lea, Chenu, Man. de Conchyl. i. f. 2017. 22. G. carinifera, Lamarck. Elimia bella, Conrad, Adams’ Generai. p. 300. *Differs from G. cxlatura in color, being dark green. It is also a more inflated species, with shorter spire. ee ; : +Nearly allied to cxlatwra, but is narrower, more cylindical and lighter in color. [Jan NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 23 22a. G. abbreviata, Anthony. Melania abbreviata, Anth., Bost. Proc., iii. p. 360, Dec., 1850. Binney, Check List, No. 433. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 424. Melania elegantula, Anthony, Ann. N. Y. Lyc., vi. p. 103, t. 3, f. 2, Mar., 1854. Binney, Check List, No. 96. Brot. List, p. 32. Reeve, Monog. Melania sp. 346. Melania coronilla, Anth., Ann. Lyc., N. H., New York, vi. p. 126, t. 3, f. 27, Mar., 1854. Binney, Check List, No. 69. Brot. List, p. 32, Reeve, Monog. Mel., sp. 418. Melania chalybea, Anth., Brot. List, p. 37. 226. G. vesicula, Lea. Synonymy, Part. 2, No, 41. 25. G. subsitricta, Haldeman. Synonymy, Part 2—=No. 31. G. obtusa, Lea. 28. G. carinocostata, Lea. Elimia carinocostata, Lea, Adams’ Genera, i. p. 300. 28a. G. strenua, Lea. G. Leidyana, Lea. G. carinocostata, Lea, Synonymy, Part 2. 28). G. perstriata, Lea. Synonymy, Part 2, No. 73. 29. G. Lecontiana, Lea. Melasma Lecontiana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 30. G. cadus, Lea. Synonymy, Part 2=G. obtusa, Lea, No. 31. 31. G. obtusa, Lea. G. substricta, Haldeman, Synonymy, Part 2, No. 25. G. cadus, Lea, Synonymy, Part 2, No. 30. 34. G. Christyi, Lea, is a Synonym of No. 37. 37. G. interrupta, Haldeman. G. Christyi, Lea. G. instabilis, Lea, Synonymy, Part 2, No. 34. G. ornatella, Lea, is a Synonym, of No. 39. 39. G. formosa, Conrad. G. ornatella, Lea, Synonymy, Part 2, No. 37. 41. G. vesicula, Lea. See No. 22, b. 43. G.laqueta, Say. Melasma laqueata, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 47. G. gracilis, Lea. Potadoma gracilis, Lea, H. and A. Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 53. G. blanda, Lea. Melasma blanda, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 54. G. nitens, Lea. Melasma nitens, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 55. G. mutata, Brot.* 59. G. Curreyana, Lea. Melasma Curreyana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. *Much resembles G. dificilis, Lea, No. 81. 1865.] 24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 61. G. Deshayesiana, Lea. Melasma plicatula, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. Melasma Deshayesiana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 69a. G. Lindsleyi,* Lea. Syn. of dislocata, Rav., Part 2, Synonymy, No. 69. 72. G.nassula, Conrad. Melania nassula, Conr., Miiller, Synopsis, p. 46. G. Edgariana, Lea, Synonymy, Part 2, No. 77. Melasma Edgariana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i i. p. 300. 75. G. costulata, Lea. Melasma costulata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 77. G. Edgariana, Lea. Vide, No. 72. 78 G. caliginosa, Lea. Elima caliginosa, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 79. G. nodulosa, Lea. Elimia nodulosa, Lea, Adams’ Genera, No. 300. 80. G. glauca, Anthony. =G. athleta, Anthony, No. 86. 8&4. G. cancellata, Say. Elimia cancellata, Say, Adams’ Genera i. No. 84. 85. G.circincta, Lea. Juga circincta, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 294. 86, G. athleta, Anthony. G. glauca, Anthony, Synonymy, Part 2, No. 80. 88. G. striatula, Lea. Juga striata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 304. 91. G.crebicostata, Lea. Melasma crebricostata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 92. G.¢omma, Conrad. Melania comma, Conr., Miller, Synopsis, p. 45. Melasma comma, Conr., Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 93. G. acuta, Lea. Ceriphasia acuta, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. 94. G.subcylindracea, Lea. Potadoma subcylindracea, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 96. G. concinna, Lea. ’ Melasma concinna, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 103. G. plicifera, Lea. Melania plicifera, Lea, Troschel, Archiv fur Naturgesch. ii. p. 227. Melasma plicifera, Adams? Genera i i. p. 300. 104. G. silicula, Gould. Juga silicula, Gould, Adams’ Genera i. p. 304. 108. G. trochiformis, Conrad. Melania trochiformis, Conr., Miiller, Synopsis, p. 47. * The aperture is differently shaped from dislocata. The plice are also more crowded, and decussated by one or two lines under the sutures. (J an. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. llla. G.expansa, Lea.* 118. G. ple beius, Anthony. =G. sordida, Lea, No. 186. 119. G. opaca, Anthony. =Pleurocera opaca, Anthony, No. 83. 123. G. modesta, Lea.t 124. G. pagodiformis, Anthony. =G. acutocarinata, Lea, No. 127. 125. G.Gerhardtii, Lea.t 126. G. oblita, Lea. =FPleurocera unciale, Hald., Synonymy, Part 1, No. 28. 127. G. acutocarinata, Lea. G. pagodiformis, Anthony. G. torulosa, Anth., No. 124. Elimia acutocarinata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. - 129. G. Catawbaea, Haldeman. Goniobasis Catawbea, Hald., Amer. Jour. Conch. vol. 1, No. 1, Feb. 25, 1865. 132. G.symmetrica, Haldeman. Ceriphasia symmetrica, Hald. Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. 138. G. congesta, Conrad. Melania congesta, Conr., Miiller, Synopsis, p. 43. 139. G. auriculaeformis, Lea. Megara auriculeformis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. 140. G. Nickliniana, Lea. Leptoxis Nickliniana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. 143. G.ebenum, Lea.§ Nitocris ebena, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. Melania brunnea, Anth.—G. sordida, Lea, No. 186. 148. G. graminea, Haldeman. 25 Goniobasis graminea, Hald., American Journ. Conch. i. No. 1. Feb. 25, 1865. 150. G. Vanuxemii, Lea. Changed to G. Prestoniana, Proc. Acad., 1864, p. 3, Vanuxemii being preoccupied. =G. simplex, Say, No. 157. 153. G.abrupta, Lea. Leptoxis abrupta, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. 154. G.depygis, Say. Potadoma depygis, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 298. 155. G. livescens, Menke. Potadoma Niagarensis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 157. G. simplex, Say. G. subsolida, Lea, No. 186, excl. synonyms, *Very closely allied to, or perhaps=G. Whitez, No. 111. tPerhaps__Pleurocera lugubris, Lea. }This is probably the same as G. semigradata, No. 27. @Mr. Lea agrees with me in considering this species distinct from dostoma, Anth.; and also in making brunnea a synonym of sordida instead of ebenum. 1865.] 26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF G. Vanuzemit, Lea, No. 150. Pachycheilus simpler, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 298. Potadoma Warderiana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299, Chenu, Manuel, i. f. 1972. 158. G. Potosiensis, Lea. Elimia Potosiensis, Lea, H. and A. Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 160a. G. virens, Anthony.* Syn. of G. Saffordi. Synonymy, Part 2a, No. 160. 167. G. cinerea, Lea.+ 170. G.translucens, Anthony. Goniobasis translucens, Anthony, Am. Journ. Conch. i., Feb. 25, 1865. 171. G. ovoidea, Lea. Poiadoma ovoideus, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 173. G. quadricincta, Lea. Goniobasis quadricincta, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Apr. 1864, p. 112. 177. G. spurea, Lea. = Pleurocera, No. 57a. 181. G. Ocoéensis, Lea. Potadoma Ocoéensis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. = Pleurocera, No. 63a. 184, G. Estabrookii, Lea. = G. dubiosa. 186. G. subsolida, Lea. = G. simplex, Say, No. 157. Potadoma subsolida, Lea, H. and A. Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 186a. G. sordida, Lea. Potadoma sordida, Lea, H. and A. Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. G. plebeia, Anth., Synonymy, Part 2d, No. 118. G. brunnea, Anth., Synonymy, Part 2d, No. 143. 187. G. clavaeformis, Lea. Melasma clavaeformis, Lea, H. and A. Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. 191. G. adusta, Anthony. G. Cumberlandiensis, Lea, Synonymy, Part 2d, No. 189. G. funebralis, Anthony, Synonymy, Part 2d, No. 1990. 193. G. dubiosa, Lea, G. Estabrookii, Lea, Synonymy, Part 2d, No. 184. 194. G. laevigata, Lea. Potadoma levigata, Lea, H. and A. Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 195. G.interlineata, Anthony. , * Goniobasis interlineata, Anthony, Am. Jour. Conch. vol. i., Feb. 25, 1865. 196. G. Ohiensis, Lea.t 197. G. brevispira, Anthony. Melasma brevispira, Anth., Adams’ Genera i. p. 300. * Appears to be distinct from G. Saffordi. The shell is less solid, the aperature is not exactly of the same form, and the c olor is lighter and more brilliant. +Most likely the locality given for this species is incorrect. It is probably identical with pulchella, Authony. { Probably = G. semicarinata, Say. No. 198. [Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 27 198. G.semicarinata, Say. Juga exilis, Hald., Adams’ Genera i. p. 304. Ceriphasia Kirtlandiana, Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. Potadoma inornatus, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 199. G. Haldemani, Tryon. Goniobasis Haldemani, Tryon, Am. Journ. Conch. i., Feb. 25, 1865. 203. G. Alexandrensis, Lea.* Ceriphasia Alexandrensis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. 204. G. Haleian a, Lea. Ceriphasia Haleiana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. 208. G. proxima, Say. Juga proxima, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 304. 208a. G. rufescens, Lea.f Potadoma rufescens, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 299. 209. G. Virginica, Gmel. Buccinum Virginica, Gmel. Syst. Nat. p. 3505. Schroter, Einleit. i. p. 414, 1783. Martini, Berlin Mag. iv. p. 348, t. 10, f. 48. Schreibers, Hin- leit. Conchyl. t. 113, f. 7. Melania Virginica, Say, Villa., Cat. Syst. p. 36, 1841. Lo Virginica, Say, Morch, Yoldi Cat. p. 56. Ceriphasia Virginica, Gmel., Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. Juga Virginica, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 304. Juga multilineata, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 304. 210. G. Sulcosa, Les. Ceriphasia sulcosa, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 297. 211. G. Bud dii, Lea. Juga Buddii, Say, H. and A. Adams’ Genera i. p. 304. 212. G. Troostiana, Lea. :. Melania Troostiana, Lea, Troschel, Archiv fur Naturgesch. ii. p. 227. Juga Troostiana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 304. J. Heavy, pupeform or cylindrical species. 217. G. cylindracea, Conrad. Melania cylindracea, Con., New Fresh-Water Shells, p. 55, t. 8, f. 10, 1834. Miller, Synopsis, p. 47, 1836. Binney, Check List, No. 84. Melania cylindrica, Con., Wheatley, Cat. Shells, U. S., p. 25. Reeve, Mo- nog. Melania, sp. 311. Brot, List, p. 32. 4 Melania oppugnata, Lea, Philos. Trans. x. p. 300, t. 30, f. 9. Observations, vy. p. 56. Binney, Check List, No. 190. 218. G. pupoidea, Anthony.t Melania pupoidea, Anthony, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., vi. p. 104, t. 3, f. 3, April, 1854. Brot, List, p. 33. Binney, Check List, No. 224. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 249. Melania propinqua, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 119, 1861. Goniobasis propinqua, Lea, Journ. Acad, Nat. Sci., v, pt. 3, p. 234, t. 34, f. 29, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 56. eee * May be a Pleurocera. ‘ + This is a longer and narrower species than G. prowima, the color is also darker. P bess 4 £ Without the large series of specimens before me, I should have acquiesced in the “eithenieme propinqua as a distinct species; but I find every grade of form between the two. The pot forms approach closely to olivula, Con., with which they have been confounded. They are dis- tinguished by difference in color, and principally of texture, olivula being much heavier. 1865.] 28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 219. G. lita, Lea.* Melania lita, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1861, p. 121. Goniobasis lita, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. pt. 3, p. 239, t. 34, f. 40, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 61. 220. G, fallax, Lea. Melania faliax, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1861, p. 120. Goniobasis fallax, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 231, t. 34, f. 24, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 53. 221. G. inosculata, Lea.t Goniobasis inosculata, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 263, 1862. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 296, t. 37, f. 126, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 118. 222. G. Alabamensis, Lea. Melania Alabamensis, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1861, p. 121. Goniobasis Alabamensis, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 232, t. 34, f. 26, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 54. 223. G. rara, Lea. Melania rara, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 121, 1861. Goniobasis rara, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 220, t. 34, f. 3, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 42. 224. G. punicea, Lea. t Melania punicea, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat: Sci., p. 119, 1861. Goniobasis punicea, Lea, Journ. acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3. p. 232, t. 34, f. 27, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 54. 225. G. pudica, Lea. Melania pudica, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 222, t. 34, f. 7, Mar. 1863. Obs. ix. 226. G. fabalis, Lea. Goniobasis fabalis, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 266, 1862. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 311, t. 37, f. 154, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 133. 227. G. Shelbyensis, Lea § Melania Shelbyensis, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 121, 1861. Goniobasis Shelbyensis, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 228, t. 34, f. 18, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 50. 228. G. fumea, Lea. Melania fumea, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1861, p. 123. Goniobasis fumea, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 222, t. 34, f. 6, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 44. 229. G. aequa, Lea. Melania equa, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1861, p. 122. Goniobasis equa, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 240, t. 34, f. 41, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 62. ; 230. G. solidula, Lea. Melania solidula, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1861, p. 121. Goniobasis solidula, Lea, Journ, Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 230, t. 34, f. 23. Obs. ix. p. 52. . *I doubt whether this is distinct from G. Haysiana. In all the specimens I have examined, the aperture is white within, instead of purple as described by Mr. Lea, Bet 7 The whorls are more convex and brighter in color than G. fallax. This species is constantly ornamented by four dark bands. i Very closely allied to pudica, if not identical with that species. 2 Differs from pudica in the form of the aperture, the whorls are also flatter, [Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 29 231. G. olivula, Conrad. Melania olivula, Con., Am. Journ. Science, Ist Series, xxv. p. 342, t. 1, f. 13, Jan., 1834. Miller, Synopsis, p. 42, 1836. Wheatley, Cat. Shells, U.S., 26. DeKay, Moll. New York, p. 98. Jay, Cat. Shells, 4th Edit. p. 274. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 455.* Binney, Check List, No. 188. Brot, List, p. 33. Hanley, Conch. Miscellany, t. 1, f. 2. Megara olivula, Con., Chenu, Manuel, i. f. 2027. Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. Melania olivata, Con., Jay, Cat. 3d Edit. p. 45. Catlow, Conch. Nomenc. p. 188. Melania propria, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1861, p. 123. Goniobasis lepida, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences, v. pt. 3, p. 227, t. 34, f. 17, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 49. 232. G. fascinans, Lea. ° Melania fascinans, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, p. 119, 1861. Gontobasis fascinans, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 229, t. 34. f. 20, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 51. 233.°G. Showalterii, Lea. Melania Showalterii, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1861, p. 120. Goniobasis Showalterii, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 220, t. 34, f. 4, Obs. ix. p. 42. 234. G. clausa, Lea. Melania clausa, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1861, p. 120. Goniobasis clausa, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 231, t. 34, f. 25, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 53. 235. G. cre pera, Lea. Melania crepera, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1861, p. 123. Goniobasis crepera, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 240, t. 34, f. 42, Mareh, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 62. 236. G. abscida, Anthony. Melania abscida, Anthony, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1860, p. 56. Binney, Check List, No. 435. . Brot, List, p. 32. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 395. 237. G. Vanuxemiana, Lea. Melania Vanuxemiana, Lea, Proc. Philos. Soc. ii. p. 242, Dec., 1842. Philos. Trans. ix. p. 25. Obs. ix. p. 25. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 453. Brot, List, p. 33. Melania Vanuxemensis, Lea, Wheatley, Cat. Shells, U. S., p. 27. Binney, Check List, No. 283. Megara Vanuxemiana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. 238. G. Coosaensis, Lea.t Melania Coosaensis, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1861, p. 118. Goniobasis Coosaensis, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences, v. pt. 3, p. 234, t. 34, f. 30. March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 56. 238. G. rubicunda, Lea. Melania rubicunda, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1861, p. 118. Goniobasis rubicunda, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. pt. 3, p. 235 t. 34, f. 32, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 57. 240. G. Haysiana, Lea. Melania Haysiana, Lea, Philos. Proce. ii. p. 242, Dec., 1842. Philos. Trans. * Reeve figures for this shell also sp. 309, but the figure does not represent the species. +Preoccupied. Showalterii and fascinans are also probably synonyms of olivula. tf Differs from G. Haysiana in the form of the apertnre. 1865.'] 30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF ix. p. 25. Obs. iv. p. 25. Wheatley, Cat. Shells, U. S., p. 25. Jay, Cat. Shells, 4th Edit. p. 273. Binney, Check List, No. 137. Brot, List, p. 32. Brot, Mal. Blatt. ii. p. 108, July, 1860.* Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 310. Hanley, Conch. Miscel. Melania, t. 1, f. 6. 30 Megara Haysiana, Lea, Chenu, Manuel, i, f. 1981. Adams’ Genera i. p. 6. 241. G. arctata, Lea. Melania arctata, Lea, Philos. Proc. iv. p. 166. Philos. Trans. x. p. 64, t. 9. f. 46. Obs. iv. p. 64. Binney, Check List, No. 20. Brot, List, p. 32. Megara arctata, Lea, Chenu, Manuel, i. f. 2024. Adams’ Genera i. f. 306. 242. G.ampla, Anthony. Melania ampla, Anthony, Ann. N.Y. Lyceum, vi. p. 93, t. 2, f. 12, 1854. Binney, Check List, No. 13. Brot, List, p. 39. nia, sp. 312. Reeve, Monog. Mela- Melania Hartmaniana, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1861. Goniobasis Hartmanii, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 218, t. 34, f. 1, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 40. . 243. G. mellea, Lea. 1863. Melania mellea, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1861, p. 120. Goniobasis mellea, Lea, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. v."pt. 3, p. 224, t. 34, f. 10, Obs. ix. p. 46. 244. G. ambusta, Anthony. Melania ambusta, Anthony, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 94, t. 2, f. 13, 1854. Binney, Check List, No. 12. Brot, List, p. 39. nia, sp. 352. Reeve, Monog. Mela- 245. G. laeta, Jay. Melania laeta, Jay, Cat. Shells, 3d Edit. p. 122, t.7, f. 11, 1839. Jay, Cat. Shells, 4th Edit. p. 274. Wheatley, Cat. Shells, U. S., p. 26. Binney, Check List, No. 156. Catlow, Conch. Nomenc. p. 187. Brot, List, p. 32. Melania robusta, Lea, Philos. Proc. ii. p. 83, October, 1841. Philos. Trans. ix. p.19. Obs. iv. p. 19. Wheatley, Cat. Shells, U.5., p. 26. ney, Check List, No. 231. Bin- Melatoma Buddii, Lea,t Reeve, Monog. Melatoma, sp. 3. sp. 392. Melania teniolata,t Anthony, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1860, p. 59. Bin- ney, Check List, No. 263. Brot, List, p. 31. Reeve, Monog: Melania, 246. G. harpa, Lea. Melania harpa, Lea, Philos. Proc. iv. p. 166, August, 1845. Philos. Trans. x. p. 64, t. 9, f. 45. Obs. iv. p. 64. Binney, Check List, No. 135. Brot, List, p. 32. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 313, 314. Megara harpa, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. Melania textilosa, Anthony,§ Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 101, t. 2, f. 20, 1854. Binney, Check List, No. 270. Brot, List, p, 40. sp. 391. Reeve, Monog. Melania, 247. G. oliva, Lea.|| * Dr. Brot considers arctata, robusta, brevis and basalis synonyms. Buddii, Lea. +It is curious that Mr. Reeve has figured and described this shell for the Schizostoma ( Melatoma,) tHalf grown shell. It presents a very different appearance from the adult. 2 Half grown shell. | This shell is narrower than @. laeta, resembling harpa in form; but the aperture is wider and more rounded below. It is very closely allied to @. excavata,—-which is a smooth species, however. [Jan, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 31 Melania oliva, Lea, Philos. Proce. ii. p. 242, 1842. Philos. Trans., ix. p. 27. Obs. iv. p. 127. Wheatley, Cat. Shells U.8., p. 26. Binney, Check List, No. 187. Brot, List, p. 33. Megara oliva, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. 248. G. proteus, Lea. Melania proteus, Lea, Philos. Proc. iv. p. 166, 1845. Philos. Trans., x. p. 57, t. 9, f. 28. Obs. iv. p.57. Binney, Check List, No. 219. Brot, List, p. 33. Juga proteus, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 304. 249. G. grisea, Anthony. Melania grisea, Anthony, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1860, p. 61. Monog. Melania, sp. 390. Brot, List, p. 32. 250. G. culta, Lea. Melania culta, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, p. 121, 1861. Goniobasis culta, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. p. 13, p. 237, t. 34, f. 36. Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 59. Melania suavis,* Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 169, 1861. Goniobasis suavis, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. pt. 3, p. 228 t. 34, f. 19. Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 50. 251. G. luteola, Lea. Melania luteola, Lea, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 119, 1861. Goniobasis luteola, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. pt. 3, p. 230, t. 34, f. 22, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 52. Melania straminea,}+ Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1861, p. 121. Goniobasis straminea, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. pt. 3, p. 227, t. 34, f. 16, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 49. 252. G. gravida, Anthony. Melania gravida, Anth., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 59, Feb:, 1860. Reeve, Monog. Melania. Brot, List. 253. G. germana, Anthony. Melania germana, Auth., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 61, Feb., 1860. Binney, Check List, No. 120. Brot, List, p. 40. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 383. 254. G. variata, Lea. Melania variata, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 119, 1861. Goniobasis variata, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 224, t. 34, f. 11, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 46. 255. G. ovalis, Lea. Melania ovalis, Lea, Philos. Proce. ii. p. 242, Dec. 1842. Philos, Trans. ix, p. 25. Obs. ix. p. 25. Wheatley, Cat. Shells U. S. p. 26. Binney, Check List, No. 192. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 448 and sp. 309. Megara ovalis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. Melania copiosa, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 122, 1861. Goniobasis copiosa, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 239, t. 34, f. 39. Obs. ix. p. 61. Melania orbicula, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 118, 1861. Goniobasis orbicula, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p, 238, t. 34, f. 37, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 60. 256. G. virgulata, Lea. Melania virgulata,t Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 119, 1861. Reeve, * Young shell, +Young shell. ¢ Figured as olivula, Conr, but name corrected in Errata. 1864.] 32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF Goniobasis virgulata, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 223, t. 34, f. 9, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 45. Melania glandaria,* Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 120, 1861. Goniobasis glandaria, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 226, t. 34, f. 14, March, 1863. Obs. ix. p. 48. 257. G. clara, Anthony. Melania clara, Anth., Ann. N. Y. Lye. vi. p. 119, t. 3, f. 19, March, 1854, Binney, Check List, No. 55. Brot, List, p. 32. 258. G. inflata, Haldeman.f : Melania inflata, Hald., Cover of No. 3, Monog. Limniades, March, 1841. Binney, Check List, No. 146. Brot, List, p.40. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 410. 259. G. fusiformis, Lea.{ Melania fusiformis, Lea, Philos. Proce. ii. p. 12, Feb., 1841. Philos. Trans., viii. p. 167, t.5, f. 9. Obs. iii. p. 5. DeKay, Moll. N. Y., p. 93. Troost. Cat, Shells Tenn. Wheatley, Cat. Shells U. S., p. 25. Binney, Check List, No. 117. Catlow, Conch. Nomenc., p. 186. Brot, List, p. 40. 260. G. bellula, Lea. Melania bellula, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 122, 1861. Goniobasis bellula, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. pt. 3, p. 237, t. 34, f. 35, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 59. 261. G. calculoides, Lea. Melania calculoides, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 118, 1861. Goniobasis calculoides, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 238, t. 34, f. 38, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 60. 262. G. basalis, Lea,§ Melania basalis, Lea, Philos. Proc. iv. p. 166. Philos. Trans., x. p. 59, t. 9, f. 33. Obs. iv. p. 59. Binney, Check List, No. 28. Brot, List, p. 32. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 471. Anculotis basalis, Lea, Reeve, Monog. Anculotus, t. 5. f. 40. Megara basalis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i, p. 306. 263. G. Lewisii, Lea. Melania Lewisit, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 118, 1861. Goniobasis Lewisii, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 243, t. 35, f. 46, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 65. 264. G. ellipsoides, Lea. Melania gracilior, Lea,|| Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1861, p. 118. Goniobasis ellipsoides, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 234, t. 34, f. 31, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 56. 265. G. elliptica, Lea. Melania elliptica, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 118, 1861. Goniobasis elliptica, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 225, t. 34, f. 13, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 47. 266. G. bullula, Lea. Melania bullula, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 121, 1861. * This is the young, and glandaria the adult shell of the same species.’ + Differs from G. virgulata by its obtusely angled whorls and somewhat diamond-shaped aper- ture. {Much like G. ambusta when young, but more inflated, and the aperture more obtusely rounded below. ? Resembles glandaria, but is thinner, the outer lip is more expanded, and the aperture rather larger. It is closely allied also to fustformis, Lea. | Preoccupied. [Jan.. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 33 Goniobasis bullula, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 221, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 43, t. 34, f. 5. 267. G.excavata, Anthony.* Melania excavata, Anthony, Ann. Lyc. N. Y., vi. p. 99, t. 2, f. 18, Mar., 1854. Binney, Check List, No. 102. Brot, List, p. 32. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 385. 268. G. purpurea, Lea. Melania purpurea, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 120. Goniobasis purpurea, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 225, t. 34, f. 12, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 47. 269. G. quadrivittata, Lea. Melania quadrivittata, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1861, p. 119. Goniobasis quadrivittata, Lea. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 226, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 48. 270. G. propria, Lea. Melania propria, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 118, 1861. Goniobasis propria, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. pt. 3, p. 229, t. 34, f. 21, Mars 1863. Obs. ix. p. 52. 271. G. negata, Lea. Goniobasis negata, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 271, 1862. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. pt. 3, p. 337, t. 38, f. 200, Mar. 1863. Obs. ix. p. 159. 272. G.impressa, Lea. HMelania impressa, Lea, Philos. Proc. ii. p. 83, Oct. 1841. Philos. Trans, ix. p- 19. Obs. iv, p. 19. Wheatley, Cat. Shells U.S., p. 25. Jay, Cat. Shells, p. 274. Binney, Check List, No. 143. Brot, List, p. 32. Reeve, Monog. Melania, sp. 316, 349. Hanley, Conch. Miscel. Melania, t. 8, f. 69. Megara impressa, Lea, Chenu, Manuel i. f. 2023, Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. Melania crebristriata, Lea,t Philos. Proc. iv. p. 166. Philos. Trans., x. p. 65, t. 9, f,47. Obs. iv p. 65. Binney, Check List, No. 75. Catlow, Conch. Nomence., p. 186. Brot, List, p. 32. Megara crebristriata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 306. 273. G.pergrata, Lea.f Melania pergrata, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 122, 1861. Gonivbasis pergrata, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 243, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 65. 274. G.capillaris, Lea. — Melania capillaris, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 122, 1861. Goniobasis capillaris, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. v. pt. 3, p. 236, t. 34, f. 34, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 58. EURYCALON, Lea. Eurycelon, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 3, Jan., 1864. 1. E. umbonata, Lea. Goniobasis umbonata, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 3, 1864. 2. E. Midas, Lea. Melania Midas, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 119, 1861. Goniobasis Midas, Lea, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. pt. 3, p. 233, t. 34, f. 28, Mar., 1863. Obs. ix. p. 55. 3. E. gratiosa, Lea. Goniobasis gratiosa, Lea, Synonymy, Part 2, No. 2. *Mr. Anthony’s type specimen exhibits unmistakable evidence of diseased growth. +The difference in the number of striw pointed out by Mr. Lea, is not a good distinctive charae- ter; they vary much in number on undoubted specimens of impressa. G. crebristriata is not full grown. é {I fear this is only a variety of impressa. 1865.] 3 34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 3a. E.lachryma, Anthony. Goniobasis lachryma, Anthony, Syn., Part 2, No. 22. 4. E. gibberosa, Lea. Goniobasis gibberosa, Lea, Syn., Part 2, No. 3. 5. E. nubila, Lea. Goniobasis nubila, Lea, Syn., Part 2, No. 4. 6. E. Anthony i, Budd. Anculosa Anthonyi, Budd., Syn., Part 3, No. 1. 7, BE. crassa, Haldeman. Anculosa crassa, Hald., Syn., Part 3, No. 15. Leptozis crassa, Hald., Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. Anculosa pisum,* Hald., Syn., Part 3, No. 19. Leptoxis pisum, Hald., Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. 8. Bi turbinata, Lea. Anculosa turbinata, Lea, Syn., Part 3, No. 33. MESESCHIZA, Lea. Meseschiza, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 2, Jan., 1864. 1. M. Grosvenorii, Lea. Meseschiza Grosvenorii, Lea, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 2, Jan. 1864. SCHIZOSTOMA, Lea. 2S. ovoideun, Shuttleworth. Gyrotoma ovoidea, Sbutt., Adams’ Genera i. p. 395. 4, S.excisum, Lea, Gyrotoma excisa, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 305. 7. S.laciniatum, Lea. Gyrotoma laciniata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 305. 10. S.cylindraceum, Mighels. Gyrotoma cylindracea, Migh., Adams’ Genera i. p. 305. 12. S.curtum, Mighels. Gyrotoma curta, Migh., Adams’ Genera i. p. 305. 15. S. pagoda, Lea. Gyrotoma pagoda, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 305. 36. S$ pyramidatum, Shuttleworth. Gyrovoma pyramidatum, Sbutt., Adams’ Genera i. p. 305, 29. S. babylonicum, Lea. Gyrotoma babylonicum, Lea, Adams’ Generai. p. 305. Gyrotoma funiculata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 305. 23. S. constrictum, Lea. Gyrotoma constricta, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 305. 26. S.incisum, Lea. Gyrotoma incisa, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 305. ANCULOSA, Say. 1. A. Anthonyi, Budd. = Eurycelon. 2 A. plicata, Conrad. Ancutotus plicaius, Conrad, Miller, Syaopsis, p. 40, 1836. Leptozis plicata, Conrad, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. 5. A-littorina, Haldeman. Melania prlula, Lea, Adams’ Genrra i. p. 307. *Young shell. {Jan. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 35 6. A.costata, Anthony. Nitocris costata, Lea, H. and A. Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. Nitocris occidentalis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. 7. A.rubiginosa, Lea. Anculosa rubiginosa, Lea, Brot, Mal. Blatt., ii. p. 111, July, 1840. Leptoxis rubiginosa, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307, Leptoxis Griffiihiana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. 8. A. carinata, Brug.* A. dissimilis, Say, Synopsis, Part 3. Bulimus carinatus, Brug., Ency. Meth., vers. i. p. 301, 1792. Nitocris dissimilis, Say, Adams’ Generai. p. 308. Leptoxis dissimilis, Say, Chenu, Manuel, i. f. 2049—54. —Lister t. 111, f. 5 and t. 112, f. 6. Petiver, Gazophyl, t. 104, f. 67. Nitocris carinata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. Leptoxis variabilis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. Anculotus nigrescens, Conrad, Miller, Synopsis, p. 36, 1836. Leptoxis nigrescens, Conrad, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. Leptoxis trivittata, DeKay, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. Anculotus monodontoides, Conrad, Miller, Synopsis, p. 41, 1836. Nitocris monodontoides, Conrad, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. Nitocris dentata, Couth., Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. 9. A. dilatata, Conrad. Nitocris dilatata, Conrad, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. Leptoxis dilatatus, Conrad, Chenu, Manuel, i. f. 2043—5. Nitocris Rogersti, Conrad, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. Nitocris Kirtlandianus, Anthony, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. Nitocris influtus, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. Melania inflata, Lea, Troschel, Archiv fur Naturgesch. ii. p. 226. 11. A.melanoides, Conrad. Nitocris melanoides, Conrad, Adams’ Gerera i. p. 308. Anculotus melanoides, Conrad, Miller, Synopsis, p. 42, 1836. Leptozxis turgida, Hald., Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. Leptoxis viridis, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. 13. A.subglob osa, Say. Leptozis subglobosa, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. Leptozis gibbosa, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. Leptoxis globula, Lea, Adams’ Generai. p. 307. Lepioxis tintinnabulum, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. Leptozis virgata, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. 14, A.praerosa, Say. Anculosa prerosa, Say, Synonymy, Part 3. Leptozis prerosa, Say, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. Morch, Yoldi, Cat., p. 56. Lithosia meritiformis, Desh., Adams’ Genera i. p. 308. Anculotus angulatus, Conrad, Miller, Synopsis, p. 40, 1836. Leptozis angulata, Conrad, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. 15. A.cragssa, Haldeman. =LEurycexlon. A. pisum, Hald., Synonymy, Part 3, No. 19. Leptoxis pisum, Hald., Adams’ Generai. p, 307. 16. A. taeniata, Conrad. Anculotus teniatus, Conrad, Miller, Synopsis, p. 41, 1836. Leptoxis teniata, Conrad, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. *Hae 27 years priority over disstmilis, 1865.] ° 36 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 17. A. Troostiana, Lea. Leptozis Troostiana, Lea, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. 25. A. picta, Conrad. Anculosa picta, Conrad, Miller, Synopsis, p. 39, 1836. Leptozis picta, Conrad, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. Leptozis flammata, Conrad, Adams’ Genera i. p. 307. 28. A.squalida, Lea. Leptoxis squalida, Lea, Adams’ Generai. p. 307. 29. A. patula, Anthony. —dilatata, Conrad.? 30. A. viridula, Anthony. =dilatata, Conrad.? 33. A.turbinata, Lea. =LEurycezlon. Pursuant to the By-Laws, an election of members of the Standing Committees for 1865 was held, as follows: W. G. BINNEY, G. W. Tryon, JR. ENTOMOLOGY AND CRUSTACEA. R. BRIDGES, EK. T. Cresson, J. F. Kyicut. ETHNOLOGY. BOTANY. J. A. MEIGs, E. Duranp, S. S. HALDEMAN, JOSEPH CARSON, I. I. Hayes. AvuBREY H. Smita. COMP. ANAT. AND GEN. ZOOLOGY. GEOLOGY. JosePpH LrIpy, Isaac LzEa, J. M. Corsg, CuarLes E. Smita, J. H. Snack. J. P. LEsiey. MAMMALOGY. MINERALOGY. J. H. Suack, Wo. 8. Vaux, J. L. Le Conte, J. C. TRAUTWINE, W. S. W. RuscHENBERGER. T. D. Rano. ORNITHOLOGY. PALA ONTOLOGY. JOHN CASSIN, JosepH Leipy, J. H. Sack, T. A. Conran, B. A. Hoopes. J. L. Le Conre. HERPETOLOGY & ICHTHYOLOGY. PHYSICS. E. D. Cope, B. Howarp Ranp, R. BripGEs, Wm. M. Unter, TH. Norris. R. E. Rocers. CONCHOLOGY. LIBRARY. T. A. ConraD, JOSEPH JEANES, JosEPH LEIDY, JOHN CASSIN. PROCEEDINGS. JosePH LeIpy, Wm. 8. Vaux, JOHN CASSIN, THoMAS STEWARDSON, RosBerT BRIDGEs. > [Jam NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. ot February 14th. The President, Dr. BaipGEs, in the Chair. Seven members present. The following paper was presented for publication and referred to a Committee : : ‘‘ Descriptions of new species of Birds of the Families Paridz, Vire- onide,”’ &e. By Geo. N. Lawrence. The Committee ou Proceedings placed on the table the published ‘number for November and December, 1864. February 21st. Vice-President, CASsIN, in the Chair. Sixteen members present. February 28th. The President, Dr. BRIDGES, in the Chair. Twelve members present. On report of the Committee, the following paper was ordered to be published : Descriptions of new specics of BIRDS of the Families PARIDZ, VIREONID#, TYRANNIDE and TROCHILIDZ, with a note on Myiarchus Panamensis. BY GEO. N. LAWRENCE. 1. PoLiopTiLA PLUMBICEPS. Male. Entire crown and occiput dark plumbeous, bordered on each side by a black line which begins at the bill, running to and over the eye, and as far beyond as the dark cap extends; upper plumage dark, bluish grey; outer tail feather white, the next white except one third of the inner web at the base, where it is black, the third feather black with the end white for 37g of an inch, the other tail feathers are glossy black; primaries blackish brown, secondaries black, broadly margined with white; under wing coverts white ; sides of the head, lower eyelid, chin and abdomen white; throat, breast and sides bluish grey, lightest on the throat ; bill black ; tarsi and toes plumbeous black. First primary half the length of the second, the fourth longest, tail much graduated. Length 4} in.; wing 112; taill 13; bill 7 tarsi 3. Habitat.—Venezuela. Collected by Mr. 8. C. Nash. Prof. Baird in ‘‘ Review of American Birds,”’ p. 67, (now in course of publi- cation) has given a synopsis of the genus Polioptila, which he has divided into three sections, as follows: 1. Whole top of head black. 2. Sides of head black; top gray. 3. Top of head gray; sides whitish. The species now described cannot be placed in either of these, but will form the foundation of a fourth section, having the entire crown dark plumbeous. The color of the back and wing coverts comes nearest to that of ?. leucogas- ter, but is of a lighter shade; below it is rather more plumbeous, and the tail feathers are much narrower than in that species. 2. HyLoOPHILUS ACUTICAUDUS. Head above and hind neck olive brown; back greenish olive, brownish on the upper part, and gradually becoming brighter green on the rump; tail dull 1865.] 38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF greenish olive, the shafts brown, the outer two feathers narrowly margined on their inner webs with pale yellow; quills dark umber brown, edged with olive green; sides of the head, throat and upper part of the breast dull ful- vous ash; breast and abdomen pale fulvous; sides olive green; under lining of wings, inner edges of quills and under tail coverts pale yellow; upper mandible light hazel brown, the under whitish ; tarsi and toes pale yellowish brown. The first primary is 7 of an inch long, or about half the length of the fourth, which is the longest ; the tail feathers are relatively long, quite narrow and pointed at their ends; bill rather short. Length 43 in.; wing 2; tail 13; bill §; tarsi 1}. is Habitat.—Venezuela. Collected by S. C. Nash, In its narrow pointed tail feathers it appears to differ from all others that I have seen. 3. MYIARCHUS VENEZUELENSIS. Plumage above of a dark olivaceous brown, darker on the crown; tail dark umber brown, the outer feather with the outer web dull white, tinged with brownish next the shaft; the other tail feathers have a narrow edging of bright rufous on their outer webs, the extreme ends of all dull white; quill feathers dark umber brown, the primaries with a very narrow margining of pale rufous, the secondaries and tertiaries edged with white; the wing coverts dark brown with margins of soiled white ; under wing coverts pale yellow, inner edges of quills pale buffy white ; throat, upper part and sides of breast bluish grey, sides under the wings slightly olivaceous; abdomen and under tail coverts very pale yellow, a little brighter only in the middle of the former ; bill and feet black. Fourth quill slightly the longest, first and ninth equal. Length 72 in. ; wing 33; tail 33}; bill 11; tarsi Z. Hnbitat.—Venezuela. Collected by 8. C. Nash. This species is closely related to my M. Panamensis ; it is alittle smaller, darker and more brown above, and the yellow of the under parts paler; it differs also in the bright rufous margins on the tail feathers, in the whiter edges of the wing coverts and smaller quill feathers, and in having the feet black ; it is likewise more grey on the breast. Norse. The typical specimen of JZ. Panamensis was not in very good con- dition, the feathers of the wings and tail being somewhat worn; since descri- bing it I have received specimens in perfect plumage, which enable me to note some differences as follows: the color of the back is olive green; the throat is of a lighter grey than in the type, and the sides of the breast are olive green ; the edges of the tail feathers are dull olive with a slight sandy tinge at the base, in the type from their worn and rusty appearance I described them as edged with pale rufous, this edging, however, is slight and not at all of marked character ; the outer web of the lateral feather is pale ashy brown ; the bill is dark brown, lighter underneath ; the tarsi, though at first sight appearing black, have a tinge of dark reddish or vinous color ; this I find to be their color also in the type. These differences are probably owing to the season when killed. The irides are stated by Mr. Galbraith to be brown. The sexes are alike in plumage. 4, CHALYBURA ZENEICAUDA. Male. Plumage above and below shining dark green, the head, throat and neck of a golden tinge, deepening to reddish orange on the front, chin and throat ; upper tail coverts reddish or coppery bronze; two middle tail feath- ers coppery bronze (not so bright as the tail coverts), the other tail feathers deep steel blue, all except the outer one margined with the same bronze color as the central ones, decreasing in extent from the central feathers; wings brownish purple; under tail coverts white; bill black; feet blackish brown, the toes underneath pale yellow. [ Feb. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 39 Length 5 in. ; wing 213; tail1{; bill 1. Habitat.—Venezuela. Collected by S. C. Nash. This species is of the same size as C. Buffoni, which it also most resembles, it differs from it inthe golden hue of the front and throat, and in the decidedly bronzed tai], the bronzing on the tail of Buffoni being very slight, and is just perceptible on the edges of some of the feathers. C. urochrysea, Gould, has the ‘‘tail rich golden bronze both above and beneath,’’ and the ‘‘ lower mandible fleshy red,’’ whereas in my species the upper surface of the tail only is bronzed, and the bill is wholly black. 5, CHALYBURA CARNIOLI. Male. Upper plumage dark green with a tinge of golden on the wing cov- erts and lower part of the back; upper tail coverts dark violet purple, the tail has both the upper and under surface bronzed violet purple, lighter in color than the coverts; wings brownish purple; throat of a shining deep green; breast and abdomen dull green; under tail coverts dull violet purple : upper mandible black, under yellow with the tip black ; tarsi and toes yellow. Length 5in.; wing 23; tail1Z; bill Z. The female differs in having the middle of the throat, the lower part of the abdomen and the under tail coverts dull ash; the outer three tail feathers marked at their ends with pale ash, most so on the outer feather. Habitat.—Costa Rica, Angostura. In museum of the Smithsonian Institu- tion. This species appears to be somewhat like C. Jsaurw in the coloring of the tail, but differs remarkably from that species as well as from all others of the genus, in having its under tail coverts of a dark color, instead of pure white. I have named it in compliment to Mr. Julian Carniol whose large collections sent to the Smithsonian Institution (containing many new species besides this) give evidence of his energy and industry as an explorer. 6, PANYCHLORA PARVIROSTRIS. Female. Upper plumage of a rather light grass green with a golden tinge ; upper tail coverts and central feathers golden bronze, much deeper in color on the coverts; the other tail feathers are white at their bases for more than half their length, succeeded by a broad band of brownish black and ending in white, the outer feather being most largely tipped with white; under surface pale ashy grey; under tail coverts white; bill black; toes blackish brown, underneath pale yellow. Length 3 in.; wing 13; tailZ; bill }. Habitat.—Costa Rica, Angostura. Collected by J. Carniol. Museum of Smithsonian Institution. The bill is strikingly small compared with that of P. Alicia, although in their other measurements they are much alike; it also differs from the female of that species in the upper tail coverts being golden orange instead of pure green, and in the bases of the tail feathers being white instead of green. The male will, without doubt, be found to possess the glittering green plumage of its allies. March 7th. Vice-President CASSIN in the Chair. Eighteen members present. March \4th. The President, Dr. Bripees, in the Chair. Twenty members present. 1865.] 40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SEE a I I EI I TY Special Meeting, March 16th. The President, Dr. BripGes, in the Chair. Twenty-one members present. The President announced the death of Dr. Thomas B. Wilson; aged 59 years, at Newark, Del., on the 15th inst., at 74 o’clock, A. M., of typhus fever. A Committee having been appointed to draught a series of resolutions in reference to the sad event, the following were pre- sented and adopted: Whereas, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia having sustained a most serious loss in the death of its late distinguished President, Thomas B. Wilson, M. D., Resolved, That our late fellow member, Dr. Thomas B. Wilson, is eminently entitled to be regarded as the most judicious and liberal patron of the zoolo- gical sciences that our country has yet produced, and that we have heard his death announced with sentiments of the most profound sorrow. Resolved, That in his great abilities and vast scientific acquirements, as well as in all the relations of private life, we recognize in Dr. Wilson the character of a true man of genius, a thorough, earnest and most conscientious cultivator and friend of the sciences, and a most valuable and patriotic citizen. Resolved, That in the infancy of the study of the natural sciences in the United States, the gratuitous and ready aid afforded by Dr. Wilson con- tributed largely to that development of those sciences which now places this Academy in rank with similar institutions of the old world. Resolved, That the liberality of Dr. Wilson to this Academy, and the large facilities thereby provided for study and research, do fully entitle him to the unqualified gratitude, not only of our members, but of all students of the natural sciences in this country, and that we are justified in regarding, and we sincerely recommend our successors as members of this Academy to regard, his munificent and unparalleled contributions to our library, and especially to our museum, (nearly the whole of which, in several departments, we owe to his liberality), as an honorable and perpetual monument to his zeal in behalf of the natural sciences. Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be presented to each of the bro- thers and sisters of Dr. Wilson, and that they be published in the public journals of this city and in the scientific journals of the United States. On resolution of the Academy, the President appointed Mr. Cassin to prepare a memoir of Dr. Wilson, to be published in the Proceed- ings : On motion, it was resolved to adjourn to meet in the Hall of the Academy on Saturday, 18th inst., at 23 o’clock, P. M., to attend the funeral of Dr. Wilscn. i ERLE TEL OE I TS I ESI TI I EON [ Mar. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 41 March 18th. The President, Dr. BripGes in the Chair. Twenty-eight members present. This meeting having been held for the purpose of attending the funeral of our late lamented and distinguished member, Dr. Thomas B. Wilson, it was immediately adjourned for that purpose. March 21st. The President, Dr. BripGEs, in the Chair. Kighteen members present. A paper was presented for publication entitled “‘ Notice of some new types of Organic Remains from the Coal Measures of Illinois.” By F. B. Meek and A. H. Worthen. March 28th. The President, Dr. Bripags, in the Chair. Fifteen members present. On the report of the Committee, the following paper was ordered to be published : Notice of some New Types of Organic Remains, from the Coal Measures of Illinois. BY F. B. MEEK AND A. H. WORTHEN. The fossils described in this paper were discovered at a locality on the south side of the [llinois River, at Morris, Grundy County, Illinois, near the northern boundary of the Coal Measures of that State. This locality is al- ready well known from the numerous beautiful specimens of fossil ferns it has afforded, as well as from the discovery there of a remarkable extinct Neurop- terous Insect, described by Prof. Dana in vol. xxxvi. 2d ser. p.34, Am. Journ. Sci. The bed from which all these interesting fossils were obtained, holds a position near the base of the Illinois Coal Measures, somewhat above the horizon of the second seam of coal. At the out-crop, where these specimens were collected, athickness of about twenty feet of strata is exposed, consisting of sandy shale, passing downwards into a more argillaceous shale, forming the bed of a small stream ; while a short distance further down this little stream, and at a lower horizon, a thin seam of coal crops out. No workable beds of coal are known in the State north of this County, and the Coal Measures here rest directly upon Silurian Rocks. The fossils at this locality are immediately enveloped in pease: shaped iron-stone nodules. These nodules are not generally composed of concentric layers, but show, on weathered surfaces, a tendency to a laminated structure, the planes of lamination being flat, parallel 10 the greater diameter of the con- cretions, and probably also coincident with those of the shale, as they lie in the bed. On breaking open these concretions, the laminated structure is gen- erally found not to extend within; the interior having a homogeneous, rather compact structure, and a grey or brownish grey color, (the iron beizg usu- 1865.] 42 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF ally in the condition of a carbonate), while more or less arenaceous and ar- gillaceous matters also enter into their composition. Some of the concre- tions seem to contain no organic remains, but often in breaking open others, a fossil is found to have formed the nucleus around which the concretionary action took place. It is an interesting fact that we find here, near the base of the Illinois Coal Measures, a species of the remarkable genus Bellinurus, an intermediate link, (hitherto only known to occur in the lower Coal Measures of England and Ire. land,) between the older Trilobites, and the existing genus Limulus. In Eng- land it is found enveloped in similar iron-stone nodules, at Cole-Brook-Dale, where three species have been discovered, one of which (B. bellulus, Koenig, == 8B. rotundatus, Prestwich) is closely related to our Illinois species. We likewise find at the Morris locality a species of the genus Anthrapale- mon, Salter, (or a closely allied type) which in Scotland also occurs in the lower Coal Measures, while neither of these genera are known in the subcar- boniferous, or any lower formation. These facts furnish additional evi- dences, if any were necessary, (coinciding with all the other paleontological, as well as stratigraphical, evidence) of the fallacy of an opinion recently ex- pressed by a writer in the Bulletin of the Geological Society of France, that our western Coal Measures, and particularly those of Illinois and the adjoin- ing States, belong not to the horizon of the true Coal Measures of Europe, but to the subcarboniferous or mountain limestone series. In a paper by one of the writers, published in the March number of the American Journal of Science, 1865, after speaking of the general distribu- tion of marine remains in our western Coal Measures, he remarked (which was strictly in accordance with his observations up to that time) that after more than twenty years familiarity with the fossils of the coal formation of the Western States, he had never seen amongst them any terrestrial or fresh- water types, other than plants. Since investigating the fossils described in this paper, however, amongst which it will be seen there is believed to be a Caterpillar, we can but regard the Morris bed as an exception to this general rule. If the fossil to which we allude is a true Caterpillar, its presence there, along with the insect described by Prof. Dana, would indicate that this bed was probably deposited in an estuary, into which this little worm-like larva, and the other insect, were doubtless carried from the land by an inflowing stream or the ebbing tide. This suggestion also receives some support from the affinities of the associated crustacea, since the genus Bellinurus, from its relations to the existing genus Limulus, might have been capable of living at least in brackish waters, although the English species are associated with marine forms. The genus Anthrapalemon is also supposed, by Prof. Dana, to have been related to Aylea, a fresh-water type. In addition to these facts, no unquestionable, strictly marine forms of any kind have, so far as we know, been yet found in this bed. The existence of this exceptional case (if it is such) of terrestrial and fresh or brackish-water fossils in our western Coal Measures, has no bearing, how- ever, against the general conclusions in connection with which the statement above alluded to was made; nor even, indeed, against the general accuracy of the statement itself, since the fact of the almost exclusive and general distribution of marine animal remains in our western Coal Measures, stands unshaken. The fossils here noticed will be fully illustrated and described, and such additional facts given as we may in the mean time learn from other speci- meis, in the forthcoming report of the Illinois Geological Survey, for the publication of which we are happy to announce the Legislature has made a liberal appropriation. We are indebted to Prof. Dana for the use of several specimens of some of the crustacea described in this paper, as well as for suggestions in regard to their affinities; also to Dr. Stimpson for suggestions respecting the same. [ Mar. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 43 We are likewise under obligations to Mr. Joseph Evans, of Morris, Illinois, who first discovered the fossils at this locality, for the use of several speci- mens. Amongst others, the form we have supposed to be a Caterpillar and that we have referred to Anthrapalemon, belonging to him. CRUSTACEA. ENTOMOSTRACA. XYPHOSURA. Genus BELLINURUS, Keenig. Not having had an opportunity to consult Koenig's original diagnosis of this genus, nor indeed a good description of it by any other author, we are not aware what characters were assigned it, or how its author proposed to distinguish it from the existing genus Limulus. Most authors, including Milne Edwards, Bronn, Prestwich, Mantell, Portlock, Murchison and others, referred the species to Limulus, though Portlock in doing so remarks that the distinct trilobation and segmentation of the abdomen in these fossil species, seem to constitute a generic distinction. Pictet admits the genus in his Trait de Paleont., ii. 538, and remarks that it is distinguished from Limulus “ by the articulation of the tail, and above all by the abdominal buckler presenting two distinct longitudinal furrows.” Prof. Owen also admits the genus, in his valuable “ Paleontology, or Systematic Summary of Extinct Animals,” (p. 43) and says it differs from the ‘“ King-Crab, (Limulus) in the movable condition of the body segments.” A careful study, however, of fine specimens of the species described below, has satisfied us that the segments of its abdomen are not movable, but as firmly and completely united into a single shield as in the genus Limulus. We are, therefore, led to believe that this genus is mainly distinguished from Lim- ulus, (so far as its characters have yet been made out) by the more transverse form of its cephalo-thoracic shield, its proportionally much longer and more slender legs*, the transversely or subcircular form, and distinct trilobation and segmentation (not complete division, however,) of its abdomen; as well as by its flattened borders without movable spines. There are also some dif- ferences in the more anterior position of the eyes, the stronger and more con- tinuous character of the ocular ridges, as well as in the subdivisions of the area circumscribed by these ridges in Bellinurus. Other differences, of perhaps greater importance, will probably be observed, when the appendages of the under side can be seen. None of our specimens are in a condition to show the small anterior pair of simple eyes, though from the general analogy of this interesting crustacean to the genus Limulus, it is more than probable better specimens may show them. And yet it is possible, from the more anterior position of the eyes, corresponding to the larger reticulated pair in the genus Limulus, that the small supplementary pair may not have been needed. As in /imulus, it shows a row of six small pits in each of the longitudinal furrows of the abdomen, marking the position of the muscular apophyses within ; while the condyle, for the articulation of the abdomen with the cephalothorax, seems to agree exactly with that of Limulus. We are not aware of the nature of the peculiarities in the articulation of the caudal segment mentioned by Pictet, none of our specimens being in a condition to show the connection of these parts satisfactorily, while he does not explain in what the difference consists. * One of our specimens of the following described species, as well as one of B. anthrax, figured by Prestwich, (‘Trans. Geol. Soc., London, v. p. xli. fig. 1,) shows that at least one pair of the legs (if they were articulated around the mouth, at the middle of the cephalothorax, as in Limulus) taust have been quite aslong as the abdominal and cephalothoracic shields together ; which would be proportionally more than twice the length of any of the legs in Limulus. 1865.] 44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF i Be.uinurvus Dane, M. & W. Cephalo-thoracic shield transversely crescentric, more than twice as wide as long, moderately convex, the height nearly equalling half its length; ante- rior and antero-lateral margins broadly and regularly rounded ; lateral angles produced obliquely backwards and outwards, with avery slight inward curve, into slender mucronate spines, terminating remote from, and nearly opposite the middle of the abdomen; posterior margin on each side for about two- thirds of the way in from the lateral angles, toward the middle, concave in outline; nearly straight or very slightly concave along the middle between these two points. Mesial lobe small, somewhat lower than the ocular ridge on either side, but rounded and well defined behind, where it supports a small central tubercle (or short spine?), thence narrowing forward, and sometimes showing a slight tendency to develope a second much smaller tubercle, at about one-third the length of the shield from its posterior margin; near which point it suddenly contracts into a mere linear carina that extends forward to the anterior transverse division of the ocular ridge. Area cir- cumscribed by the ocular ridge, crown-shaped, or subquadrangular in out- line, and composing the central third of the cephalo-thoracic shield; a little wider anteriorly than its length, which equals about five-sixths that of the shield; lateral margins concave in outline; anterior side convex, with a central emargination; internal surface divided into four irregular subordi- nate areas, by the mesial lobe with its linear anterior continuation, and a less distinctly defined, secondary transverse linear ridge. Ocular ridge narrow, but distinct, its lateral divisions arching inwards behind the eyes, and terminating posteriorly at the margin of the shield nearly opposite the middle of each lateral lobe of the abdomen, in a (triangular?) spine, which is direeted backwards, outwards and a little upwards; anterior transverse di- vision arching forwards on each side, and curving backwards in the middle. Compound ? eyes small, remote, and located one at each antero-lateral angle of the crown-shaped central area, at points about one-third the length of the shield from its anterior margin. (Simple eyes, if they existed, unknown.) Abdomen transversely suboval, or truncato-subcircular in outline, being wider than long, and nearly straight anteriorly, with lateral margins rounding in abruptly in front, and more gradually into the regularly rounded posterior outline; generally rather more depressed than the cephalo-thorax, particularly in{front. Flattened lateral border rather narrow, and regularly scolloped be- tween its projecting marginal spines. Mesial lobe narrow, or of about the same breadth as that of the cephalo-thorax, and near half as broad as, and a little more elevated than, the lateral lobes; segments well defined; first and third each provided with a small central tubercle; sixth as long as any three of the others, rather abruptly narrowed and depressed behind, and surmounted anteriorly by a large tubercle (or spine?). Lateral lobes somewhat flattened on the inner half, and rounding down rather abruptly to the flattened free borders on each side and behind ; segments defined by distinct linear ridges, which are separated by flattened spaces four-or five times as wide; these ridges extend obliquely outwards and a little backwards across the lateral lobes and their flattened borders, beyond which they are produced into slender mucronate spines, of nearly equal length, curved obliquely backwards. Candal segment, or stylet, apparently nearly two-thirds as long as the ab- domen; gradually tapering, and trigonal or sub-trigonal, being flat below, angular on each side, and angular or rounded above. Appendages of the under side unknown, excepting one of the legs, which is seen in one specimen, projecting out from under the cephalo-thoracic shield, between its posterior margin and the abdomen. It is long and slender, and shows of the first segment projecting from under the shield, a length of about 0-12 inch. The next segment appears to be 0:25 inch in length, with a breadth of only 0:04inch. The succeeding segment can be traced in { Mar. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 45 the matrix for a distance of about 0°30 inch, being slightly curved near the extremity, and apparently tapering to a point, this was probably also pro- vided with a movable finger as in Limulus, but the specimen is not in a con- dition to show it. It is not possible to determine which one of the legs this is. .Entire length from the extremity of the caudal segment to the anterior margin of the cephalo-thorax, about 1:90 inches. Length of cephalo-thorax, 0:57 inch, breadth of do. to the extremities of postero-lateral spines, 1-70 inches; length of area included within the ocular ridge, 0°50 inch; greatest breadth of do. (which is the distance between the eyes,) 0.60 inch. Length of abdomen, 0°65 inch ; breadth of do., exclusive of the flattened margin, 0-94 inch, including it, 1-06 inch; breadth of mesial lobe, 0-23 inch ; length of caudal segment, about 0-60 inch. Of the known species of Bellinurus, ours seems to be most nearly related to B. bellulus, Koenig, (the type of the genus, if we mistake not), which is re- garded as being identical with Limulus rotundatus, of Prestwich, (Trans. Geol. Soc., London, v. p. 413, pl. XLI. figs.4,6and7.) From this species, however, it may be at once distinguished by having the lateral angles of its cephalo-thorax produced into long, slender spines, and the flattened border of its abdomen proportionally much narrower, and armed with a series of sharp-curved spines, instead of being merely serrated. We should also remark here, that Prof. Owen’s figure of B. bellulus, (Pale. ontology, p. 42,) as well as that given by Murchison of the same, under Prest- wich’s name rotundatus, (Siluria, p. 318,) represent the eyes as being located at the lateral extremities of a large, transversely oval or subelliptical area ; while within this, there is a smaller, crown-shaped area, circumscribed by a ridge, and in all its principal features, corresponding to that which in our species has the eyes located at its anterior lateral angles. This wide dif- ference in the position of the eyes, as well as in the ridges of the central region of the cephalo-thoracic shield, if they really exist, would apparently be of more than specific importance. The close general agreement, however, of these forms, in all their other essential characters, renders it very impro- bable that they belong to different genera. Hence, we would suggest that there may have been some error in the figures cited above, representing the eyes (which are with difficulty seen in any but well preserved specimens) in this outer position, and the presence of a large outer ocular area surrounding that corresponding to the quadrangular one in our species. We are the more inclined to think this is the case, from the fact that Owen’s and Murchison’s figures appear to have been reduced from Prestwich’s figures 5 and 6, cited above; which represent the two halves of a nodule, containing a specimen and its mould, of B. bellwlus, with a large transversely oval space in the cen- tral region of the cephalo-thorax, as we must think, accidentally crushed in. This view seems to be sustained, too, by Mantell’s figures of the same species, from specimens collected by him at the same locality, (see Medals of Crea- tion, p. 550,) which show no traces of this outer transversely oval ocular area. In the elongated, spine-like character of the lateral angle of its cephalo- thoracic shield, as well as in having the margins of the abdomen armed with sharp spines, our species agrees more nearly with B. anthrax (—= Limulus an- thraz, Prestwich), but it differs in the form of the outline of the anterior side of the cephalo-thorax, as well as in the direction of its prolonged lateral angles, and its less produced spines around the flattened margins of the ab- domen. Hence, it appears to be intermediate in its characters between B. anthrax and B. bellulus. We are gratified to be able to dedicate this fine species, the first of the genus hitherto discovered in America, to Prof. James D. Dana, the author of one of the most important works on the Crustacea ever published ; to whom we are indebted for the loan of one of the specimens from which the fore- going description was drawn up. 1866.] 46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF TETRADECAPODA. ISOPODA. (ANISOPODA.) ?Family ACANTHOTELSONID. Genus ACANTHOTELSON, Meek & Worthen. Superior antenne nearly as long as the inferior, and provided with well developed accessory appendages ; flagella of both pairs longer than the pe- duncles; head about equalling the length of the first two anterior thoracic segments. Thoracic and abdominal segments (except the last one) not dif- fering materially in length, and each shorter than the head. Anterior thora- cic legs longer than the others, not chelate. Telson or terminal segment simple, long, spiniform, and laterally compressed. Stylets with second seg- ments (bifid?) much longer than the first, and similar to the telson. The fact that the oral apparatus, and other appendages of the head, as well as the branchiz, always so important in the classification of the Crus- tacea, are so rarely preserved in fossil species, especially those of smaller sizes, renders their study more difficult than that of most other organic re- mains. Hence, in describing new species, genera, or other groups, the pale- ontologist is often unable to give any information in regard to the very parts that would be the first to claim the attention of the Carcinologist in the in- vestigation of recent species. Another difficulty also arises from the fact that, as in other departments of paleontology, it often happens in the study of fossil crustacea, we meet with types presenting a combination of cha- racters which in existing species are distributed in widely distinct groups. So that on finding a new type showing only a part of its characters, we would often be led at once to place it in a group with which probably the next specimen found would show it to possess some one or more wholly in- compatible peculiarities. On first examining specimens of the typical species of the genus above described, our impression was, that it must be, beyond all doubt, a true Am- phipod. A more careful examination, however, soon showed that it presented the radical difference from all the known types of that extensive group, of having only one pair of the abdominal appendages styliform, and the other five natatory, instead of three pairs styliform and three natatory ; thus com- bining with its Amphipodan abdomen, thorax, head, anterior appendages, and general physiognomy, the single pair of styliform appendages of the /sopoda. Being therefore left in doubt in regard to its affinities, we sent sketches of some of the best specimens to Prof. Dana, who had also previously received some imperfect specimens of the same species from Illinois. On examining these sketches and specimens, Prof. Dana wrote that he thinks this crusta- cean most probably belongs to a group holding an intermediate position be- tween the typical /sopoda and the Amphipoda, for which he has proposed the name Anisopoda. This intermediate group, as first shown by Prof. Dana, is characterized, like the Amphipoda, by having the three posterior pairs of thoracic legs in one series, and the four anterior in another; while, as in the Tsopoda, the branchie are abdominal, and only one pair of abdominal appen- dages are styliform, and five branchial. In regard to the division of the thoracic legs into two series, we would remark, that we have observed no evidences of it in all the specimens we have seen, excepting one of those kindly loaned us by Prof. Dana. In this, however, four pairs of these legs seem to be directed backwards, and only three forward; which, if not produced by accidental distortion, would indi- cate Jsopod affinities. Yet, in all the other specimens seen, the whole seven pairs are directed forward. Although much inclined to believe the latter their normal arrangement, it should be remembered, as suggested by Prof. { Mar. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 47 Dana, that however important this character may be in the study of the re- cent Tetradecapod crustacea, it can scarcely be made available in the inves- tigation of crushed fossil species, where so many accidents might have oc- curred to place the legs in an unnatural position. We have not been able to clearly satisfy ourselves whether or not our crus- tacean had squamiformly developed epimerais, as in the normal groups of Amphipoda; though some of the specimens appear to show indications of such development; while the shortening of the vertical diameter of the tho- racic segments, as compared with those of the abdomen, would seem to be, as it were, an arrangement to make room for such scale-like epimerals. In addition to this, the fact that all of the six or eight specimens we have yet seen, lie in the concretions upon one side or the other, would appear to indi- cate that the lateral motion of the thoracic legs was in some way restrained so as to prevent the animal from taking an erect position, which is precisely the effect produced in the normal Amphipoda by the possession of well de- veloped squamose epimerals. If this should prove to be the case, it would show that the remarkable combination of Amphipod and Isopod, or Anisopod characters, already alluded to in this fossil, are real, and not simulative ; since it would thus present mainly the anterior structure (possibly even to the thoracic position of the branchiz) of a normal Amphipod, combined with the single pair of styliform, and five aatatory abdominal appendages of the Lsopoda or Anisopoda. It must be evident, we think, that such an ensemble of characters as that presented by our fossil, would exclude it from any known family of the Ze- tradecapoda ; hence we can but regard it as the type of a new family. ACANTHOTELSON Srimpsoni, M. & W. Linear or sublinear in form. Upper antenne at least as long as the head and first five thoracic segments ; peduncle moderately stout, rather longer than the head ; first joint a little longer and wider than the two others, which are of nearly equal length; flagellum slender and very minutely jointed ; acces- sory appendage nearly or quite as long as the flagellum, and like it, minutely jointed. Inferior antenne as long as the head and seven thoracic segments; peduncle slightly longer, but otherwise similar to that of the upper antenne ; flagellum a litile stouter and longer, but in other respects as in the upper pair. Head, as seen in the (compressed) side view, subquadrangular, longer on the upper than the lower side, in consequence of the obliquity of anterior side; eyes small, round, placed just below the bases of the upper antenne. The (fourteen) thoracic and abdominal segments distinct, and (excepting the last one) of nearly equal length,—a few of those nearest the head being a little shorter than the others; all diminishing in depth (side view) from about the antepenultimate one forward; their anterior basal margins rounded ; posterior rectangular, or a little rounded. First pair of thoracic legs about one-fourth longer, and a little stouter than the succeeding five pairs, and apparently terminating in a slender, sharp dactylus ; first joint above, a little shorter, narrower, and more tapering than the next—neither more enlarged than the other joints above. Five succeed- ing pairs of legs of nearly equal size and form; their upper two (or three?) joints very short, and not enlarged; seventh pair nearly as long as the first, and more slender than the others. Natatory abdominal appendages long and slender; styliform pair with first joint short and quadrangular ; second and only other joint (double 7?) with each branch (if there are two) simple, equal and as long as the telson, which they nearly exactly resemble in form; their upper and lower margins each with arow of short, oblique, rather distant sete, between which may be seen by the aid of a magnifier, a series of much more minute, closely-arranged sete. Telson as long as the last four abdomi- nal segments; at its base one-half as wide, vertically, as the penultimate 1865.] 43 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF abdominal segment; thence tapering, at first rapidly, and then very gradu- ally, to a mucronate point,—upper and lower margins setigerous, like those of the stylets. It is possible that when we can have an opportunity to examine additional specimens, we may have to modify some of the characters given in the fore- going generic or specific description; though not, we believe, in any very essential particular. We hope, however, to be able, hereafter, to clear up several doubtful points in the structure of this interesting type, when we can have better specimens for study. Length from anterior side of head to the extremity of the penultimate ab- dominal segment 1.30 inches; length of telson 0-31 inch; length of the first six abdominal segments 0°52 inch; length of the seven thoracic segments about 0°64 inch. Height of third abdominal segment 0-20; height of each first two or three thoracic segments 0-12 inch; length of stylets about 0-31 inch, of which the first joint forms only about 0-06 inch. Length of outer antenne, including its peduncle, 0°66 inch. It is with pleasure that we dedicate this typical species of a new and remarkable extinct genus to our friend Dr. William Stimpson, whose labors in carcinology, and various other departments of zoology, are well known in this country and Europe. ACANTHOTELSON INZQUALIS, M. & W. The specimen upon which we propose to found this species, appears to agree with the last in almost every respect, excepting in the proportional size and the form of the segments. In the first place, the penultimate ab- dominal segment is nearly twice the length of any of the others, instead of being nearly or quite of the same length; while the other abdominal seg- ments (as seen in a side view) are more cuneiform than in the last. Again, the fifth and sixth thoracic segments are longer, particularly above, and the fourth shorter, than any of the others, instead of all being of about the same length. We have not been able to see the stylets, nor to make out the nature of the legs, but from a part of one of those of the anterior pair, they would seem to be rather stouter than in the last- described species. As these differences can scarcely be due to accidental distortion, we can but regard this form, with the material now at hand for comparison, as a distinct species. If we are correct in this view, it is probable good examples will show other differences than those mentioned above. Length of head, thorax and abdomen 0:90 inch; length of head 0-12 inch; length of the seven thoracic segments about 0°50; length of first five ab- dominal segments 9-26 inch; length of penultimate abdominal segment 0-09. Height of third abdominal segment (flattened side view) 0-13 inch ; height of anterior thoracic segments about 0-07 inch. Length of lower antennz at least 0-43 inch; length of upper not less than 0°36 inch, and probably a little more. ?Family PALZOCARIDA. Genus PALAZOCARIS, Meek & Worthen. Inner and outer pairs of antenne of nearly equal length, the former each bearing a well developed accessory appendage; peduncles of both pairs shorter than the flagella. Head about as long as the first two abdominal segments. Thoracic legs long and slender ; anterior pair not chelate. Tel- gon long, tapering and horizontally flattened; stylets with first joint very small, second double, and also flattened horizontally. This is another remarkable type, presenting, so far as can be determined, eyen a more puzzling combination of characters than that we have described under the name Acanthotelson. In the nature of its antenne, with their ap- parently well-developed basal scales, the structure of its candal appendages, and its long, slender legs, spread out on each side, for walking in an erect [Mar. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 49 attitude ; as well as in the depressed, slender form of its abdomen and thorax, it seems to present decidedly the aspect of a Macrural Decapod. Yet, ona closer examination, we can see no traces of a carapace,—the thorax being apparently divided into seven segments, like those of the abdomen, and each provided with a pair of legs, as in the Tetradecapoda. If we are not mistaken in these latter characters, and we certainly believe we are not, it must show a most extraordinary union of characters, which, amongst recent crustacea, belong to different primary divisions. From all that can be made out of its structure, we are therefore inclined to view it as one of the “‘embryonic” or “ comprehensive” types, so often met with in various departments of palzon- tology, and which furnish the advocates of the Darwinian hypothesis with some of their strongest arguments. For the present, this genus is placed, provisionally, along with the Tefra-. decapoda, though it cannot, we think, be included in any known family of that division; while if it should prove to be an embryonic or low type of the Decapoda, it may be even necessary to establish for its reception, a division of more than family importance. It is proper to remark here, however, that we have not seen any one specimen showing the caudal appendages we have described, along with the other characters of the thoracic and cephalic members, mentioned above. One imperfect specimen shows the seven tho- racic and five or six of the abdominal segments, with their legs and nata- tory appendages, the head, antenne, and apparently their basal scales; while another shows the caudal appendages, and all of the thoracic and abdominal segments, very distinctly, without any of the other members. The general agreement, however, of these specimens, in the parts preserved in each, is such that scarcely a doubt can be entertained that they belong to the same species. Yet, in order to prevent confusion, we would remark, that in case they should prove to belong to different genera, or species, that it is the form showing the head, antenne, thoracic and abdominal segments, with their appendages, &c., that we regard as the type of the genus. PaLocaris typus, M. & W. Linear, with thorax slightly wider near the middle than the abdomen ; thoracic and abdominal segments of nearly equal length. Inner antenne equalling the length of the head and thorax ; peduncles stout, first joint a little longer and wider than either of the other two, which are of nearly equal length, and minutely and closely setigerous on their inner margins; flagel- lum very slender, and minutely jointed ; accessory appendage nearly or quite as long as the flagellum, and scarcely differing from it otherwise. Outer antenne possibly a little longer than the others, peduncles slightly longer than those of the other pair, and like them minutely setigerous in front; basal scales (?) oblong, about as long as first joint of peduncles, squarely trun- cated. Thoracic legs slender and long, anterior ones apparently not longer or larger than the others, none of them (so far as can be seen) chelate, or with any of the segments enlarged; all the others with the first two or three joints very short; fourth? joint horizontally extended, tapering, and about as long as four segments of the body; succeeding joints (in the specimen ex- amined) very slender and abruptly bent downwards and backwards. Na- tatory abdominal appendages acutely lancelinear, and some of them as long as four of the abdominal segments. Telson nearly as broad at the base as the penultimate segment, tapering, and as long as two and a half of the abdominal segments; minutely setigerous on each side. Stylets, with first joint very minute; second with each division as long as the telson, and lan- celinear in form, with pointed extremities, and parallel, more or less setiger- ous margins. Length of head, thorax, and first six abdominal segments, 0°78 inch ; do. of head, 0:12 inch; do. of the seven thoracic segments, 0°35 inch; do. of 1865.] 4 50 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF the first six abdominal segments, about 0-31. Length of telson, about 0°14 inch; do. of stylets, near 0-13 inch. Length of lower or outer antenne, not less than 0-38 inch, (probably more), of which the peduncle forms 0-15 inch ; do. of inner, near 0°40 inch. Breadth of thorax, 0°13 inch. DECAPODA. MACRURA. ? Genus ANTHRAPALEMON, Salter, 1861. The genus Anthrapalemon was proposed by Mr. Salter in the Quarterly Jour- nal of the Geological Society of London, vol. xvii., p. 529, for the reception of a Crustacean from the Coal Measures of Scotland. His description of the genus reads as follows :— “ Carapace scarcely so broad as long, (except when crushed flat), simple, flatter than semicylindrical, the sides a little arched outwards. A strong central ridge in front, projecting as a thick (serrate?) spine is separated by a concave space, or slight furrow, from a posterior central ridge, which only occupies (in the type species, Grossarii) a small portion of the length. Front margin serrated. The outer antenne have wide, square basal joints, appar- ently without any advantage ;* the 2d and 3d joints not much oblique; the rest about as broad as long. Abdomen as broad as long, of six joints (besides the telson), broad and very short; the pleurz, except the 2d, pointed. Tel- son very broad; appendages to the penultimate joint, double on each side, subtrigonal, broad.” The name Anthrapalemon was proposed from its supposed affinities to the recent genus Palzmon, but Prof. Dana thinks it more nearly related to glee and Galathea. ANTHRAPALZMON GRACILIS, M. & W. It is with considerable doubt that we venture to refer this species to Mr. Salter’s genus, the only specimen we have seen being imperfect, and notin a condition to show the more important characters. In form and general appearance, however, as well as in such of its details’ as can be made out, it seems to agree well with that genus. The specimen consists of the abdomen znd caudal appendages, (in a crushed condition), and an impression in the matrix of the under side of the carapace, the outer pair of antenne, and ap- parently of the eyes. The carapace, as seen from above, presents nearly an ebleng form, excepting that the lateral margins are moderately convex in outline; the two extremities are truncated, and the breadth nearly or quite equalling three-fourths the length. Its lateral margins, in front of the mid- die, are each finely serrated by six small, sharp, projecting points as in the type of the genus, excepting that they are sharper, and directed more oblique- iy forward. At each autero-lateral angle, there is also a considerably larger projecting point, forming a.short spine, exactly as in the type of the genus, excepting that it is extended more nearly directly forward. The outer pair of antennz are moderately stout; each peduncle showing three joints, di- minishing rather gradually in size, the first longer than wide, and the other two apparently of nearly equal length and breadth, and obliquely articulated. The flagellum is narrower at itsbase than the last joint of the peduncle, and composed of very short segments, which are. scarcely more than one third as long as wide. The entire length of the antenna cannot be determined, as neither flagellum is entire in the specimen examined, but as the portion re- maining tapers very gradually, they were probably rather long. They are both, in the specimen examined, deflected abruptly outwards, nearly at right angles to the longer diameter of the carapace, which would seem from the *Ie not this a migprint of the word appendage? { Mar. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 51 Oblique articulation of the second and third joints of the peduncles, to be their natural position. (Inner antenne unknown.) Immediately between the bases of the two outer antennae, the specimén shows what appear to be impressions of the two globose eyes, which with their peduncles extend forward about two-thirds as far as the peduncles of the antenne. These may possibly be the peduncles of the inner antenne ; but they look very much like globular eyes, on more slender peduncles. The abdomen is more than half the length, and about two-thirds the breadth, of the widest part of the carapace. It shows five short segments, and apparently part of another, the first of which is a little smaller, and the second a little larger than the others. None of them, however, are more than one-fifth as long as the breadth of the abdomen. The caudal appendages being unfortunately bent down and crushed, itis not possible to make out the form of the telson or the details of the other parts, though the whole together seem to have been wider than thé abdomen, and as wide as the carapace. No surface sculpturing can be clear- ly made out, though there is some appearance of a few irregular scattering granules near the margins of the carapace. (Other parts unknown.) Entire length, from the stalked eyes? to the extremity of the caudal ap- pendages, about 1:13 inches; length of carapace, 0°63 inch; breadth of do. near the middle, 0°45 inch; at the extremities 0-31 inch; length of abdo- men, 0°30 inch; breadth of do. near the middle, 0-26inch. Length of pe- duncles of the antennz 0-15 inch; do. of eyes? and their peduncles, 0-13 inch. It will be observed from the foregoing description that our specimen shows no traces of the central spine or beak, extending forward from the anterior extremity of the carapace, nor of the longitudinal carina connected with it, which constitutes such a marked feature in Anthrapalemon. It is possible, however, that this character may have been obliterated in breaking open the concretion, since our specimen only shows an impression of the under side of the carapace, while the appendage alluded to projects forward from the upper side, and may consequently be embedded in the other half of the concretion, which we have been unable to obtain. Still as it is possible that this appendage may be wanting in our fossil, we should not be sur- prised if it would prove to belong to an allied but distinct genus. Specifically at least, it differs from A. Grossartii, of Salter, in the propor- tionally much shorter joints of the flagella of its outer antenne, and the oblique articulations of the segments of their peduncles; while the latter, as well as the surface of other parts, are without any traces of the fine pitting represented by Mr. Salter’s figures. Our specimen also shows traces of what appear to be squarely truncated basal scales to the outer antenne, about as long as their first joints, while Mr. Salter’s figure (1), represents apparently a triangular scale over the left antenna. Length from the end of the caudal extremity, to the anterior margin of thé earapace, l inch. Length of carapace, 0°60 inch; breadth of do. 0°43 inck. Length of abdomen, about 0:30 inch; breadth of do. 0-27 inch. Length of caudal appendages, 0:10 inch. MYRIAPODA, ? Genus ANTHRACERPES, Meek & Worthen. ANTHRACERPES TypPus, M. & W. This genus and species are founded upon @ slender worm-like fossil, the relations of which have not been very clearly determined. The specimen consists of a well defined movld or impression left in a concretion, and meas- ures 1-50 inches in length, and about 0:09 inch in breadth, (height) as seen lying upon one side. It is regularly arched from end to end, so as to form about one-third of a circle of 0°65 inch radius. For most of its length, it is 18665.] 52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF of very uniform breadth or height, but it tapers very gradually towards what appears to be the posterior end, where the last segment terminates in three or four short, slender, spine-like appendages, directed backwards on a line with the general curve of the body. The other end being broken away in the only specimen yet known, the nature of the head and its appendages cannot be determined. The entire body is distinctly articulated, and shows clearly nineteen seg- ments, and part of another. The segments are of nearly uniform size, or only vary from 0:08 to 0-10 inch in length ; the last one, however, has only a breadth or height of about 0:03 inch, and the next about twice that. Cross- ing the segments near the upper side, may be seen in the mould an undefined furrow, (produced by a ridge in the fossil itself) which bends downwards and then up again as it passes across from side to side of each segment. Anteriorly it is less distinct and placed very near the dorsal margin, but in tracing it backwards it is found to descend and become more defined, until it reaches the fourth segment from the extremity; on this it passes obliquely downward to its posterior inferior corner, so as not to be seen on any of the succeeding divisions behind. Below the middle of each segment, there is in the mould a small prominence, evidently marking the position of a corres- ponding pit in the fossil. These agree in position and appearance with the spiracles or breathing apertures in the Myriapoda. We have not been able to make out very clearly, any indications of feet or other appendages; though there is near the base of each segment of the mould, a short oblique impres- sion, that may possibly have been left by very small feeble legs folded back- wards. ‘ As this fossil shows too many segments fora larval insect, and has not the aspect of an Annelid, we are rather inclined to view it as a Myriapod. INSECTA. LEPIDOPTERA. Genus PALAZSOCAMPA, Meek and Worthen. PALHOCAMPA ANTHRAX, M. & W. The fossil for which the above generic name is proposed, is about 0-70 inch in length, and some 0-13 inch in breadth, exclusive of the projecting tufts of hairs. It is an arcuate, worm-like body, that has been divided or split lengthwise in breaking open the concretion in which it is enveloped ; so that it is only a longitudinal section we see in looking at either half of the con- cretion. At both extremities, and along the upper or convex side of the curve, we observe densely packed tufts or fascicles of hairs individually radi- ating, as if from small wart-like protuberances. These hairs are straight, and about 0°30 inch in length. At one extremity, which appears to be the anterior, two of the bundles of hairs are more radiating than the others, and directed forward. The bundles distributed over the curved or dorsal side are regularly arranged, and have each a general direction at right angles from the part of the arched side from which they spring. At the posterior ex- tremity there are also two tufts directed backwards, the individual hairs of which are less radiating than those at the other extremity. Between some of the bundles ranged along the upper side, some shorter tufts are seen, which appear as if they originate in another series of protuberances farther over on the other side embedded in the matrix. If we suppose each of these principal bundles along the curved side, and the two bundles at either end to each belong to a single segment, it would make about ten or eleven seg- ments to the entire body. ; The specimen is not in a condition to show the head or feet; yet we are strongly inclined to believe from its form, and peculiar regularly arranged bundles of hairs, that it isa Carerrinuar. If we are right in this suggestion, [ Mar. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 53 its discovery is certainly an interesting one, as it would present an evidence of the existence of Lepidopterous Insects, at a much earlier period in our world’s history than has hitherto been suspected. As this fossil will doubtless be met with in the Coal Measures at other lo- calities, whether or not its connection with the mature Butterfly or Moth can ever be positively established, it seems desirable, for convenience of refer- ence, that it should receive a name; although we are unable to point out any well defined characters from the only specimen seen, by which it can be distinguished from the larva of several existing types. That there is any probability, however, of its belonging to any existing genus, will, we think, not be maintained by any person familiar with the range of generic types in time. April 4th. Vice-President, CASSIN, in the Chair. Twenty-two members present. The following paper was presented and referred to a Committee : “ Diagnoses Specierum et varietatum novarum Molluscorum,” ete. By Philip P. Carpenter. April 11th. The President, Dr. Brip@Es, in the Chair. Twenty-five members present. The following were presented and referred to a Committee : “Synopsis of the genus Pomoxys,” ‘“ On the genus Caulolatilus,” “Qn the cranial characteristics of Gadus proximus,’ and “ Note on several genera of Cyprinoids.” By Theo. Gill. The Curators exhibited a large living specimen of the Great Crab- Spider, Mygale cancerides, recently brought from Brazil, and presented by Mr. Newton. The Secretary announced the death, on the 30th ult., of Major Charles I. Maceuen, late a member of the Academy. April 18th. The President, Dr. Bripaes, in the Chair. Twenty members present. The following papers were presented and referred to Committees : “ Observations on the Eocene Lignite Formation of the United States,” and ‘Catalogue of the Eocene Annelides, ete.” By T. A. Conrad. “ Descriptions of three new species of Exotic Uniones.” By Isaac Lea. The Secretary read the following : 1865.) 54 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF Extract from the last Will and Testament of Tuomas B. Winson, deceased, late of Newark, State of Delaware, and on record in the Register’s Office, New- castle, Delaware. ‘*T will and bequeath to the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, my collection of Birds and all my other specimens of Natural History deposited by me in the ball or building of the said Academy of Natural Sciences, on Broad street, Philadelphia. And I further give and bequeath to the said Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, the sum of Ten Thousand dollars, to be by them invested in some safe aud productive fund, and as often as it may be necessary to change the said investment, to re-invest the said sum in like manner ; which fund shall be called the Library Fund, and the income therefrom shall be exclusively appropriated to the purposes, preservation and income of the Library of the said Academy, in the following manner: Three hundred dollars of the yearly income arising therefrom, I direct to be paid as a yearly salary to a Librarian, to be appointed by the said Academy, whose duties shall be by them fixed and determined; and the residue of the yearly income arising from the said fund I direct to be applied, first/y, to the con- tinuance, by purchase, of such works published periodically or in numbers as are now contained in and belonging to the Library of the said Academy. And, secondly, to the purchase and procuring of such works relating to Natural History as may be designated and selected by the said Librarian and the Li- brary Committee of the said Academy joiutly.”’ The said Will is dated the seventeenth day of March, Anno Domini, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, (1854.) Attest, RaTHMELL WILSON, Surviving Executor. April 25th. The President, Dr. BripGEs, in the Chair. Eighteen members present. On the favorable report of the respective Committees, the following papers were ordered to be published : Diagnoses Specierum et Varietatum novarum MOLUSCORUM, prope Sinum Pugetianum a Kennerlio Doctore, nuper decesso, collectorum. SCRIBEBAT PHILIP P. CARPENTER, B.A., PH.D. Academie Alumnus Correspondens. SHZNIA OVOIDEA, 0. Ss. S. t. parva, albida, ovoidea; epidermide cinerea, parum rugosa, induta; marginibus, antico et ventrali regulariter excurvatis; dorsalibus rectis, ad angulum circiter 150° ; parte postica angustiore, obtuse angulata, parum trun- cata; umbonibus prominentibus, circiter ad duas inter quinque partes totius longitudinis sitis; intus, lamina cartilaginea lata, parum extante ; sinu pallii ovali, usque ad medium interstitii porrecto. Long. -3, lat. -16, alt. -09, poll. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimen unicum piscavit Kennerley. A “Sph. ?Binghami” Searles Wood Crag Moll., vix differt. NEZRA PECTINATA, 0. S. N.t. globosa, albida, subdiaphana ; epidermide tenui indut&é; ventraliter antice producta, postice subito angustato, rostrato ; rostro haud insculpte, duabus inter quinque partes totius longitudinis equante ; parte globosa acute costata; costis posticis paullum majoribus, magis distantibus; margines dor- (April, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 55 gales versus obsoletis; interstitiis latis, quadratis, minutissime concentrice striatis ; costis principalibus t. jun. xii.—xv., adulta, aliis crebre intercalanti- bus, circ. Xxx., quarum primi majores: intus, lamind cartilagined curt, sub umbones celati; dente postico satis elongato, regione adductoris intus cla- vicuiato ; cicatricibus adductoribus subrotundatis, deorsum sitis; sinu pallii parvo, lato: margine a costis pectinato. Long. +24, lat. -14, alt. -12. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimen junior legit Kennerley. Apud insulam Catalinam et Sanct. Barbaram adultum piscavit Cooper. Genus PANDORA. Subgenus KENNERLIA. Testa Pandoris veris simillima; cartilago ossiculam gerens; ligamentum elongatum, tenuissimum; lamina externa prismatica valva planata plerum- que radiatim sulcata; cardo simplex; linea pallii haud sinuata. Ex.—Kennerlia filosa. Kennerlia bicarinata, [?An P. bilirate, Conr., equalis.] Kennerlia glacialis. KENNERLIA FILOSA, 0. S. - K. t. tenui, planoconvexa, maxime. rostrata ; marginibus dorsalibus rectis, ad angulum circ. 160°; ventrali regulariter et modice excurvato, postice vix Sinuato ; epidermide olivaced, plerumque eros’, postice corrugata; lamina externa prismatica spongiosa, valva planaté radiatim sulcati, (quasi filosa,) sulcis distantibus; valva convex& costa obtussissim& postice decurrente ; lineis seu undis incrementi conspicuis: intus, dente cardinali uno, parvo, extante ; callositate claviculoidea antica, margini contigua; foss4 cartilagi- nali postice sita; cicatricibus adductoribus rotundatis, margini dorsali con- tiguis; linea pallii simplici. Long. -8, lat. -4, alt. -12. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano satis rare piscavit Kennerley. PsAMMOBIA RUBRORADIATA, (Nutt. MS.) Ps. t. seu omnino lilacinf, seu albida, lilacino plus minusve radiat& ; mag- na, solida, lata, subsequilaterali, haud planata, rugis incrementi irregularibus instructa; epidermide olivaceaé induta; marginibus, dorsalibus antice et pos- tice rectis, ad angulum 160°, umbonibus prominentibus, obtusis; ventrali subplanato, antico rotundato, postico subquadrato: intus, albidi; dentibus cardinalibus utrique valva duobus, parvis; nymphis planatis, latioribus, ligamento extante; cicatricibus adductoribus, antico ovali, postico rotundato ; sinu pallii subquadrata, usque ad medium porrectd, 4 margine ventrali lined solum separata; costis duabus ab umbonibus ad marginem internum cica- tricum diagonaliter decurrentibus. = ‘ Sanguinolaria rubro-radiata, Conr.”’ [?ubi] Nutt. MS.; B.A. Rep., p. 195. MacoMA YOLDIFORMIS, 2. 8. M. t. parva, valde transvers4, subplanata, yoldiformi; alba, tenui, subdia- phan4, politissima ; epidermide nitente, pallide straminea indut4; lineis in- crementi, postice conspicuis, exceptis, levi; parum inequilaterali, umbonibus postice inflectis ; marginibus undique (regione ligamenti excepta) regulariter excuryalis: intus, nympha ligamentali concavA, subcelata ; postice secta, dein parum alata; dentibus cardinalibus valva sinistrali ii., quorum unus bifidus ; margine dorsali antico excurvato; sinu pallii obscure triangulato, paullo plus quam duas trientes interstitii inter cicatrices adductores minores porrecto. Long. -68, lat. -4, alt. +15. Hab.—In Pacifico Boreali primum piscavit Belcher: dein valvas duas in sinu Pugetiano, Kennerley: postea prope San Diegonem, Cooper: rarissime. 1865.] 56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF MacoMA (?var.) EXPANSA, M. t. “ M. prozime” simili, sed majore, multo tenuiore ; antice minus, pos- tice plus expansa, regulariter excurvata ; t. jun. subdiaphana, subepidermi- dem tenuem, stramineam, subnacrea; t. adulta alba, nitida ; dentibus cardi- nalibus iii. minimis, haud bifidis; sinu palii valva altera& per tres quad- rantes, altera per quinque inter septem partes interstitii porrecto. Long. 1°55) Tat. 1-13) alt.\-b- Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano rarissime legit Kennerley. A “WM. laié, Gmel.” Desh. MS. in Mus. Brit. vix differt, specimine Green- landico; sed M. late et calcare in Mus. Cumingiano textura et dentibus haud convenit. Species quedam hujusce forme, extus similiores, intus dentibus et sinu pallii satis differunt. (TELLINA) ANGULUS MODESTUS, 0. S. A. t. “A. tenero,” Sayii simillima ; sed callositate conspicua intern& antica ab umbonibus decurrente, sinum pallii et cicatricem adductorem utraque valvé separante; parva, subdiaphana, nitidissima4, donaciformi; epidermide corned tenuissima, striulis incrementi, plus minusve conspicuis, induta; margine antico dorsali subplanato; umbonibus extantibus; area postica truncata, haud acute definité ; margine ventrali subplanata: intus, dentibus cardinalibus utraique valva ii., quorum alternati bifidi; valv4 sinistrali lat. antico curto, extante, contiguo, posticis nullis; sinu pallii usque ad callosi- tatem porrecto; nymphis paullum concavis. Long. °36, lat. -22, alt. -08. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano, specimina duo juniora legit Kennerley. ANGULUS MODESTUS, var. OBTUSUS. A. t. “A. modesto” simili; sed majore, umbonibus obtusis, vix donaciformi, marginibus dorsalibus et ventrali excurvatis ; candidiore, vix diaphan4 ; epi- dermide pallidissime straminea. Long. -72, lat. -44, alt, +15. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano legit Kennerley ; apud “‘Neah Bay,” Swan; prope S. Pedro, Cooper. ?CLEMENTIA SUBDIAPHANA, N.S. 2C. t. ovali, quoad genus valde transversaé, tumida, tenuissima; pallide cinerea, epidermide pallide straminea ; subdiaphan4, sed subcalcarea, haud porcellana; levi, nisi striis incrementi; haud lunulata, umbonibus satis pro- minentibus: intus, valva dextra, dentibus anticis duobus acutis, contiguis, elevatis, postico elongato, acuto, bifido, ligamento parallelo; valva sinistra, dentibus anticis duobus, umbonem versus junctis, acutis, divergentibus, postico elongato, acuto, simplici; sinu pallii, ut in Dosinia, angusto, angu- lato, per dimidium interstitii umbones versus porrecto. Long. -72, lat. -58, alt. °34. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimina quedam, plerumque juniora, piscavit Kennerley: ex insuli Vancouver, specimen fractum portavit Forbes. Textura Lucinopsei convenit; cardine, Clementiz ; forma, Saxidomo squa- lido juniori. Genus PSEPHIS.* Animal Veneri simile, sed viviparum. Testa inter Pachydesma et Circem intermedia; levis, seu concentrice sculpta, nitida; cardine dentibus iii.— iii. variantibus, quorum anticus sepe porrectus; marginibus haud crenulatis, dorsali intus sulcato; sinu pallii parvo, lato, interdum obsoleto; ligamento tenui, umbones obtusus circum- eunte. * Th. Lagis, s calculus. [April, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 57 Exemplum typicum : Psephis Lordi = Chione Lordi, Baird, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1863, p. 69. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano primum legit Kennerley : postea, in insula Van- cover legit Lord: in insula Catalina, Cooper. Venus KENNERLEYI, n. S. V. t. ovali, solida, calearef, squalide albi; marginibus equaliter excur- vatis ; valde inequilaterali, haud tumida ; rugis concentricis, validis, crebris, irregularibus, haud acutis, instruct&; interstitiis concentrice striatis, (t. juniore suborbiculari, striis radiantibus ornata;) lunula lineis impressis definitaé, rugis appressis instructéi; area haud definita; intus, dentibus utra- que valvd iii., quorum alter i. altera ii. plus minusve bifidis ; fulchro valido ; cicatricibus muscularibus validis ; sinu pallii parvo, anguste angulato; mar- ginibus tenuiter crenulatis. Long. 2:5, lat. 1-8, alt. 1:25. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano legit Kennerley: testas juniores, ‘V. astartex” Midd. similes, legerunt juxta Neeah Bay, Swannii Indianuli. ASTARTE (? COMPRESSA, var.) COMPACTA. A. t. “A. compressex”’ simili, sed compacta, minus transversa ; liris concen- tricis expressis, paucioribus, marginem posticam versus obsoletis ; umboni- bus valde prominentibus, acutioribus; marginibus dorsalibus rectis, ad angulum 100°; lunula minus impress’, longiore; area’ ligamentali minus angulata; dente laterali antico valva dextri magis extante. Long. ‘4, lat. “33, (div. “21. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimen unicum piscavit Kennerley. LUCINA TENUISCULPTA, 0. S. L. t. “Z. Mazatlanice” forma simili; sed magis convexd, sculptura multo tenuiore; epidermide olivaceo-cinereA induta; t. juniore levi; posted, rugis incrementi concentricis, plus minusve conspicuis, distantibus, irregularibus ; costulis radiantibus subobsoletis, latis, crebrioribus, antice et postice evani- dis; are postica vix subquadrata, haud definit&: intus, dentibus cardinali- bus et lateralibus normalibus, satis extantibus ; ligamento externo, elongato ; cicatrice anticé normaliter prolongaté; margine crenulato. Long. :23, lat. “21, alt. LS. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano legit Kennerley. CryPToDON SERRICATUS, N.S. C. t. parva, subplanata, subcirculari, tenui, alb’, haud flexuosa; epider- mide tenuissim4, vix stramined, serricata, induta; levi, seu lineis incrementi vix ornata, nitente; suborbiculari, seu ventraliter producté; marginibus undique valde et regulariter rotundatis, regione lunulari incurvata; umbo- nibus antice hamatis; lunula planata, haud exacte definitaé: intus, ligamento tenui, omnino celato; dentibus cardinalibus in utraque valva uno, extante, lateribus nullis; cicatricibus adductoribus subovalibus, haud prolongatis ; lined pallii 4 margine haud crenato satis remota. Long. °16, lat. -18, alt. 1. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano legit Kennerley: in insul& Vancouver, Swannii Indianuli. PYTHINA RUGIFERA, 0. S. P. t. majore, tenuissima, valde transvers4, subquadrata, vix inequilaterali; lineis incrementi et epidermide rugos4, confertissime laminata, ornata; um- bonibus latis, valde prominentibus, antice flutentibus ; marginibus, dorsali- bus satis regulariter excurvatis, regione postic& paulum majore ; ventrali planato, seu medio concavo: intus, cardine maxime delicatulo ; dente cardi- 1865.] 58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF nali uno minore, clavicula antic laterali inconspicud; laterali postico nullo. Long. -77, lat. -44, alt, -3. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimina duo, (quorum unum fractum,) piscavit Kennerley. Inter Pythinas typicas et Kellias locum tenet. TELLIMYA TUMIDA, 0. s. T. t. subtriangulari, subovata, levi, solidiore, tumidiore, valde inzquilate- rali; cinerea, epidermide pallide olivacea, concentrice striata induta; mar- ginibus dorsalibus subrectis, ventrali excurvato: intus, dentibus cardinalibus valva sinistra validissimis, curtis, extantibus, postico longiore; valv& dextra callositatibus marginalibus, dentibus nullis; cartilagine validiore, ossiculum parvum in medio gerente ; cicatricibus adductoribus 4 cardine valde remotis. Long. -155, lat. -125, alt. -06. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimen unicum legit Kennerley; apud Neeah Bay, Swan ; prope San Diegonem, Cooper. Lepa Fossa, Baird. L. t. “ Z. minute” simili; sed parte antici minore; posticd magis porrecta, angustiore; umbonibus parvis, valde prominentibus; lirulis concentricis erebris, haud expressis, postice et testa adult& ventraliter omnino obsoletis ; regione siphonali haud liratd, obtuse biangulata, angulis contiguis, subno- dosis; regionibus dorsalibus utroque latere levibus; parte anticd sulco radiante obsoleto definita, liris illuc interdum interruptis: intus, dentibus cardinalibus utroque latere xiy., posticis magis elongatis ; sinu pallii minimo. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimen unicum legit Kennerley : in porto Es- quimalto, idem, Lyall. Proc. Zool. Soc., 1863, p. 71. —= UZ. foveata, Baird MS., in Mus. Brit. Pecrten (?var.) Hrypsit’ P. t. ‘ P. hastati”’ varietatibus simili, sed latiore; radiis multo crebriori- bus, zqualibus, levioribus, minoribus, ventraliter bifurcantibus ; interstitiis latis, minutissime granulosis; intus albida. Long. 1-6, lat. 1-7, alt. -57. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano juniorem legit U. S. E. E., adultum Kennerley: in insula Vancouver legit Lord. : = P. Fabricii, Gld. in B. A. Rep., p. 211, (non Phil. = P. islandicus, jun.) TORNATINA EXIMA, Baird, T. t. cylindraced, majore, levi, pallide albolutescente; epidermide strami- ne&, spiraliter tenuissime striulatd, indut’; spird sepius erosa; suturis an- gustis, acutissime canaliculatis; labro acuto, antice sinuato, medio porrecto, postice exciso, supra suturam valde et acute elevato; apertura antice valde elongata ; columella valde excayaia, antrorsum labrum versus arcuata ; labio tenui; plicd angustissima, obsoleta, parieti appressa. Long. "26, lat. "12. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano primum legit Kennerley: postea in insula Van- couver legit Lord. ; te Speciminibus typicis comparitis, conchilias Kennerlianas Bullinz exXUMIB, Baird, in Proc. Zool. Soc., 1863, p. 67, conspecificas esse certissime constat, CYLICHNA (?CYLINDRACEA, var.) ATTONSA. C. t. “ C. eylindracee” aliter simillima; sed postice rotundatd, haud um- bilicata, vix lacunata, labro regulariter incurvato. Long. °38, lat. +15. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimen unicum legit Kennerley. — : Specimina Californica, 8 Jewett Cooperque collecta, C. cylindracee typice magis conveniunt. , [ April, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 59 DENTALIUM RECTIUS, 0. 5S, D. t. valde elongata, valde tereti, lentissime augente, vix arcuati; levi, tenuiore, albid&, subdiaphan4, valde nitente; aperturam versus tenuissima. Long. 1°9, lat. -13. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano legit Kennerley. Varina D. eburneo, Singaporensi, convenit; sed annulis falacibus caren, textura yalde differt. MopaLiA KENNERLEYI, 0. 8. M. t. ‘‘If. muscoso”’ forma, indole, sculpturique simili; sed multo magis elevaté ; plus minusve rubente, plus minusve olivaceo variegata, intus pal- lida; granis lateralibus fere equalibus ; liris centralibus haud acutis, inter- stitiis rarius cancellatis ; suturis undatis, apicibus valvarum prominentibus ; valya antici octoradiaté, radiis granulosis, margine octies inciso; valvis intermediis utrique semel incisis ; valv’ posticé mucrone obsoleto, sinu pos- tico alto, angustiore, marginibus anticis valde alatis, lateribus posticis semel incisis. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano: sp. unicum legit Kennerley. ?MoPALIA SINUATA, I. S. 2M. t. parva, subelongatd, elevati, jugo angulato; rubido et czruleo ele- ganter maculata; valvis elongatis, subquadratis; areis lateralibus costa an- gusta, subelevata, granulosa, utraque definitis; suturis quoque granulosis; tot& superfice clarissime reticulata, punctis areis centralibus valde, areis late- ralibus et valvis terminalibus modice impressis; valvis terminalibus ut in areis lateralibus sculptis, costis acutis radiantibus, interstitiis reticulatis ; valv& posticii maxime incis&, sinu alto, acuto mucronem tenus haud con- spicuam effossi: intus rosace&; marginibus apicinis granulosis tota longi- tudine intortis ; sinu laminarum saturalium parvo, angusto ; laminis externis, valvis centralibus semel incisis; valva antica, fissuris circiter viii., costis convenientibus ; valv4 postic4, fissuri laterali utraque coste conveniente, postice maxime sinuatd: limbo pallii coriaceo, pilulis paucis; poro rotun- dato parvo suturis utroque latere conveniente. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimina duo legit Kennerley. Mepaliis typicus structura valve postice convenit: poris suturalibus vix definitis, differt. ' 2MoPALIA IMPORCATA, 2. 8. 2M. t. parva, valde elevata, satis elongat&; jugo acuto, rectangulato; pal- lid&, rufotinct&; areis lateralibus, cost& elevata, dense granulos4, definitis ; suturis dense granosis, marginibus intus implicatis; valva antic4 circiter octies granoso-costata ; arearum lateralium et valve anticz interstitiis intri- eatim ruguloso-indentatis ; areis centralibus costis longitudinalibus crebris, validissimis, acutis, subparallelis, interstitiis crenulato-decussatis ; valva pos- ticé mucrone haud conspicuo, submarginali, sinu parvo, angusto: intus, sinu laminarum suturalium angusto: valvis centralibus fissuré una; valva anticd fissuris ?— ; valva postica fissuré utraque und, postice sinu parvo, angulato: limbo coriaceo, poris suturalibus aliisque huc et illuc sparsis, minutis, setulis albidis instructis. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimina duo legit Kennerley. Ut in ?M. sinuata, 4 Mopaliis typicis differt, IscHNocHITON (TRACHYDERMON) RETIPOROSUS, 0. 8S. I. t. parva, subelongata, cinerefi, valde elevat&, jugo arcuato; valvis sub- quadratis, apicibus celatis, marginibus suturalibus intus reglicatis ; areig lateralibus parum definitis, costulis iiii—vi. obsoletis, rotundatis, huc et 1865.] 60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF illuc granis acutis, expressis, instructis; areis centralibus omnino scrobicu- latis, interstitiis parvis, alte punctatis; valvis terminalibus costulis crebris, angustis, acutioribus; mucrone parum conspicuo, antrorsum sito: intus, sinu suturali lato; laminis, utroque latere semel, valvis terminalibus circ. xii. incisis: limbo pallii granuloso, granulis confertis, minimis, vix elongatis, vix regularibus, haud sculptis. Long. -44, lat. -28, div. 90°. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimen unicum legit Kennerley. Forma J. interstincto, Gld. et J. serobiculato, Midd. convenit; indole sculp- ture differt. IsCHNOCHITON (TRACHYDERMON) TRIFIDIS, 0. S. I, t. elevata, ovali, rubida; valvis latis, subquadratis, apicibus vix intortis ; areis lateralibus subelevatis, costis obsoletis rotundatis ii—iv.; areis cen- tralibus punctis distantibus, valde impressis; valvis terminalibus ut in areis lateralibus costatis ; valva postica mucrone submedian4, haud elevat&: intus albida, subrosacea; valvis utraque latere maculo aurantio elongato ornatis, sinuibus centralibus parvis, expansis; marginibus externis subgrunda typice obtectis; laminis lateralibus bis, terminalibus circiter xii. incisis: limbo pallii, granuloso, granis ovalibus, vix imbricatis haud striatis. Long. 75, lat. 45, div. 110°. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimen unicum piscavit Kennerley. IscHNOCHITON (TRACHYDERMON) PSEUDODENTIENS, ? N. 8. I. t. parva, ovata, subelevata, jugo angulato; cinerea, olivaceo eleganter maculata, suturis albido et fusco-olivaceo haud regulariter tessellatis; areis lateralibus hand valde definitis ; tota superficie granulis creberrimis instructa ; apicibus valvarum distinctis; mucrone conspicuo, submediano: intus, sinu suturali lato, medio planato: subgrundis parvis, haud extantibus, subspon- giosis ; laminis lateralibus unofissatis ; terminalibus quoad xi., valde obtusis: limbo pallii minute granuloso, granis levibus, confertis, subovalibus. Long. °44, lat. -24, div. 110°. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano legerunt primum LFzpeditio Explorans, demum Kennerley : in insula Vancouver legit Lord: apud San Diegonem legit Cooper. Specimini typicali “ Ch. dentientis, Gouldii” convenit: a diagnosi et figura, haud dentiens, differt. ISCHNOCHITON (TRACHYDERMON) FLECTENS, 0. S. I. t. parva, subelongata, rosea, elevati; jugo acuto; areis lateralibus vix definitis ; marginibus valvarum excurvatis, suturis incurvatis, apicibus valde prominentibus; valvis granulis miautis, haud crebris, subradiatim sparsis, omninoque minutissime punctulatis; mucrone conspicuo, antico: intus, sina suturali lato, planato; subgrundis haud porrectis ; laminis lateralibus uno- terminalibus quoad xi.-fissatis: limbo pallii vix minutissime granulato. Long. -35, lat. -24, div. 110°. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano legit Kennerley: in insul&é Vancouver legit Lord: prope Monterey, Taylor: apud San Diegonem, Cooper. LEPETA CXCOIDES, 0. 8. L. t. “ L.cxee” simili;t. alba, ancyloidea, tenui, juniore subdiaphana ; apice obtuso, anticé verso; parte posticd parum excurvata; lateribus haud compressis ; margine regulariter ovato; tota superficie sub lente minutissime striata, striulis valde distantibus, haud elevatis, haud granulatis, subobsoletis ; ci- catrice musculari haud impressa. Long. (t. adolesc.) -45, lat. -37, alt. -19 (speciminis multo majoris pars solum superest: long. ‘94, lat. -73, alt. -55,) div. 90°. Hab.—Specimina juniora perpauca viventia in sinu Pugetiano piscavit Kennerley: ex insulis Farallonibus adulta affertur, teste Darbishire. [April os NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 61 CALLIOSTOMA (? var.) VARIEGATUM, C. t. parva, conica, variegaté ; nucleo rosaceo; anfr. vi. planatis, suturis haud impressis ; costulis in spira iii. regularibus, nodulosis; nodulis albidis, subdistantibus ; interstitiis elegantissime rosaceis; lirulis basalibus viii. haud nodulosis, rosaceo maculatis. Long. -24, long. spir. -13, lat. -21, div. 50°. Hab.—Puget Sd., sp. un. legit Kennerley. This may prove to be an extreme variety of Cal. annulatum, Martyn. MARGARITA (? var.) TENUISCULPTA. M. t. “ M. Vahlii” forma, colore, et operculo simillima ; sed striulis spirali- bus, plus minusve obsoletis cinctfé, quarum iy.-vi. in spird monstrantur. Long. :22, long, spir. °11, lat. -13, div. 70°. Hab.—Puget Sd., Kennerley. Neeah Bay, Swan. Except in the very faint spiral sculpture, which does not always appear a constant character in Margarite (v. M. undulata in Fbs. and Hanl. Br. Moll.,) these shells might stand for M. Vahlii, a ? variety of which was found spar- ingly by Dr. Kennerley. They are sometimes painted with infrasutural flam- mules of darker ash. Both the smooth and the striated forms have a promi- nent spiral rib or the whorls of the operculum. ~ MARGARITA LIRULATA, 7. 8. M. t. parva, cineracea, tenui, tumentiore, nacreo rosaceo ; anfr. v. plerumque subdepressis, suturis distinctis; interdum purpureo-fusco pallide maculata ; lirulis acutis spiralibus haud elevatis, supra valde distantibus, in spira hos circa basim rotundatum circ. viii. ; apertura subquadrata; umbilico magno, -infundibuliformi, angulato ; interstitiis lirularum levibus, seu ab incrementis epidermidis decussatis: operculo tenuissimo, pallido, subplanato, suturis dis- tinctis. Long. -18, long. spir. -07, lat. -2, div. 80°. Hab.—Puget Sd., Kennerley. 2? Var. a. subelevaia; t. elatiore; colore livido, intensiore; lirulis vix acutis. Hab.—Puget Sd., Kennerley. Neeah Bay, Swan. ? Var. B. obsoleta; t. ut in ?var. subelevata; lirulis evanescentibus; oper- culo planato, tenuissimo, suturis indistinctis. Hab.—Neeah Bay, Swan. 2 Var. 7. conica; t. valde elevatad; lirulis acutis, aliis interdum intercalan- tibus ; umbilico parvo. Long. -33, long. spir. °2, lat. -25, div. 58°. ; Hab.—Puget Sd., Kennerley, sp. un. The shells above described constitute what might be called a Darwinian group of specific forms. With the exception of the typical shells dredged by Dr. Kennerley, they are all in very bad condition. The Pugetian speci- mens are flattened, with open umbilicus, as might be expected from quiet water. Two specimens, however, form an exact transition to the Neeah Bay shells, of which a fair number (var. a) were sent by Mr. Swan, though worn and generally decorticated. They are more elevated, with fainter sculpture ; and pass, by insensible gradations, into M. tenuisculpta, the two principal spiral lines becoming evanescent, and afew others intercalating. In this state (var. @) the species can only be separated by the operculum, which is pale and thin, and destitute of the strongly expressed rib of the ‘ Vahlii’ group. A third form (var. 7) would certainly claim specific rank, but for the intermediate series of 2 and @. The diagnostic characters for the whole se- ries are the smooth operculum, the eight narrow riblets round the base, with angular umbilicus and the sharp, narrow, principal riblets above, with wide interspaces, smooth except from the lines of growth, which are principally 1865.] 62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF visible in the epidermis. There may be three (so-called) species in the group, viz.: lirulata, subelevata and conica. MARGARITA INFLATA. M. t. tumid&, tenui, albida, narceo pallide aureo ; anfr. vi. valde inflatis, suturis ad angulum fere rectum impressis ; toté superficie tenuissime spira- liter lirulaté; lirulis acutis, haud elevatis; in spira circ. viii., minoribus sepe intercalantibus ; interstitiis 4 lineis iacrementi extantibus creberrimis tenu- issime decussatis; basi obtuse subangulata, striis creberrimis circ. xx. orna- ti; apertura subquadrata ; columella arcuata; umbilico infundibuliformi, levi, angulato: operculo tenui, planato, suturis distinctis. Long. -44, long. spir. °22, lat. +45, div. 85°. Hab.—Puget Sd., Kennerley. Vancouver, Lyall. Neeah Bay, Swan. Only two adult specimens of this remarkably elegant species have been seen. It resembles the shell from Greenland called M. striata, Brod. and Sby., in the British Museum, but that under the same name from Behring Straits appears distinet. In many respects it is like M. undulata, but differs in the greater swelling of the whorls meeting at a nearly rectangular suture, in the far more delicate sculpture without waves the keeling of the umbilicus and the bend m the pillar which causes a slight spiral hollow inside the umbili¢al rib. MESALIA LACTEOLA, ? 0. S. M. t. parv4, tereti, tenui, albid4; epidermide tenui, flavida, induta ; anfr. x. rotundatis, suturis valde impressis, levibus; costis circ. xii. radiantibus, tumentibus, suturam versus evanidis, interstitiis parvis; costis spiralibus ro- tundatis, costas radiantes transeuntibus, supra spiram iii. validioribus, aliis interdum intercalantibus ; costulis suturalibus parvis, antice ii.; basi rotun- - data, vix striata ; columella recta, paullum effusa; labro tenuissimo, param arcuato. Long. -33, long. spir. :24, lat. -14, div. 30°. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano legit Kennerley. In insula Vancouver legit Forbes. Anne “ M, lactele”’ varietas insignis, sculpture indole satis discrepans, MESALIA (? LACTEOLA, var.) SUBPLANATA. M. t. “ M. laeteole” simili; sed seulpturé minus extante anfractibus sub- planatis ; costis radiantibus pluribus minoribus, costulis spiralibus interdum intercalantibus, aperturam versus spe obsoletis. Hob.—In sinu Pugetiano specimina viventia sed maxime erosa legit Ken- nerley: juxta “ Neeah Bay ” legerunt Indianuli, Swannii discipuli. RissO& COMPACTA, 0. S. R. t. parva, rufofuscé, haud turrita, compacta, marginibus spire excurva- tis; anfr. nucleosis iii. globosis, levibus, apice mamillato; normalibus iii. subplanatis, latis ; lirulis spiralibus obtusis circiter xv., quarum cire. wi. im spira monstrantur, interstitiis vix equantibus; lirulis radiantibus circ. 2xx., peripheriam tenus evanidis, anfractibus primis superantibus, anfractu ultime sepe obsoletis ; bas? rotundata, haud (nisi testa juniore) umbilicata ; aper- tur& subdorbiculari, peritremati continuo ; operculo tenui, paucispirali, rapid- issime augente. Long. -06, long. spir. -04, lat. :045, div. 45°. Hab.—In simu Pugetiano satis abundanter legit Kennerley; prope Neeah Bay, Swannii discipuli. DRILLIA INCISA, 0. 8. D. t. * D. imermi” forma et indole simili; sed cinerea, rufofusco cépiosé spiraliter lineata; anfr. nucleosis majoribus, subplanatis; anfr. normalibué Vii. subplanatis, spiraliter subobsolete ceélatis ; sulcis in spira circiter Viii., quarum guarta radiatim sinuata; canali quoad genus longiore, aperta; ¢ce- [April, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 63 lumella4 arcuat&; labio distincto; labro tenui, parum sinuato; epidermide subfugaci, laminis incrementi subrugosa; operculo pyriformi, haud angulato, apice antico, Long. 1-13, long. spir. -65, lat. -4, div. 30°. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano legit Kennerley: prope ‘“ Neeah Bay” legerunt Swannii Jndianuli. A Drilliis typicis sinu minimo et operculo haud angulato conspicue differt : Clionelle, Grayi, magis convenit. DRILLIA CANCELLATA, ?n. S. D. t. “ D. incise juniore” simili, sed omnino albido, sculptur& elevata, haud cwlata epidermide tenui; anfr. nucleosis ?...... [detritis ;] normalibus iy. planatis, suturis distinctis; costulis radiantibus circ. xx. angustis, acuti- oribus, et costulis spiralibus subequantibus, quarum circiter v. in spird monstrantur, eleganter cancellatis, ad intersectiones subnodulosis ; aperturd obovali, in canalem longiorem, subarcuatam, apertam, producta ; labro acuto, medio producto, ad costulam spiralem ex sutura tertiam eleganter sinuato, sinu altiore. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano duo specimina legit Kennerley; quorum altero labium subcallosum, altero planatum. MANGELIA LEVIDENSIS, 0D. 8, M. t. rudi, fused, elatiore; anfr. nucleosis iii. subelongatis, vertice haud mamillato ; anfr. normalibus vi. subplanatis, suturis distinctis, quarum primi costis radiantibus circiter xii. latis, interstitiis parvis, et costulis spiralibus crebrioribus, quarum y. magis insculpte supra costas transeunt, rude ornan- tur; anfr. ultimis sculptura subobsoleta; apertura elongata, subquadraté in canalem brevem arcuatim producti, intus hepatica; labro juxta suturam vix sinuato; labio vix conspicuo. Long. -86, long. spir. °53, lat. :29, div. 27°. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano legit Kennerley: prope “Neeah Bay” collegit, per Indianulos, Swan. A Mangeliis typicis columella torta differt. BELA EXCURVATA, ? 0. 8. B. t. B. Treveyliane” simili, sed alb&, curtiore, marginibus spire valde excurvatis; anfr. nucleosis ?....., [erosis ;] dein iv. normalibus, subplanatis, fere rectangulatim prope suturas tabulatis ; costis obtusis radiantibus circiter xviii., medio anfractiis et prope suturam obsoletis, postice retrorsum valde arcuatis ; sulcis spiralibus subdistantibus impressis, costas superantibus, in spiri circiter v., postice evanidis, antice crebrioribus; aperatura longius ovali, antice brevissime canaliculato, postice alte sinuato; labro acuto, medio valde excurvato; columella regione labii eroso. Long. -28, lowg. spir. -13, lat. °15,\div.'55°. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano ante decessum prematuram specimen unicum pis- cavit Kennerley, eheu deploratus ! EULIMA MICANS, ?n. s. E. t. “ &. polite” simillima, sed minore; anfr. nucleosis stylinis, apice sub- decliviter sito; anfr. normalibus xii. omnino planatis, maxime nitentibus, - suturis nullis; albida, rosaceo tinct&a; basi arcuatim rotundata ; apertura ovali; labro postice, et paullum antice sinuato, calloso; labio calloso; co- lumella vix tort4. Long. -52, long. spir. 36, lat. -16, div. 25°. Hab.—In sinu Pugetiano specimen juniore legit Kennerley. Juxta Neeah Bay idem legerunt Swannii Indianuli. Plurimos adultos viventes inter 8. Pedronem et S. Diegonem, in insul4 qnogue Catalinam piscavit Cooper. An Eu. polit varietas Pacifica ? 1865.] 64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF OcINEBRA INTERFOSSA. O. t. satis elongata, purpureo-fusca; anfr. nucleosis ii., levibus, elongatis ; anfr. normalibus v. convexis, suturis valde impressis ; costis radiantibus sub- varicosis circ. xi., et spiralibus subequantibus, quarum iii.-y. in spira mon- strantur, decussata ; interstitiis altis, quadratis, laminulis incrementi, et in- terdum costulis spiralibus obtusis intercalantibus, sepe ornatis ; apertura ovata, labro (t. adulta) intus dentato; canali satis longa, sepius clausa. Long. °85, long. spir. 4, lat. -45, div. 60°. Hab.—Neeah Bay, Swan: Vancouver, Lord, (named Fusus orpheus, as of Gld. in Br. Mus.) Variat.: t. atropurpureé; costis spiralibus distantibus, in spira duabus, foveis majoribus. Variat-quoque t. albido zonata. ? CHRYSODOMUS RECTIROSTRIS, 0. S. ? Chr. t. parva, albida, carneo maculata, gracili epidermide tenui, corned induta; anfr. nucleosis ?. . . [decollatis ;] anfr. normalibus vi. planatis, su- turis parum distinctis; adolescente, costulis radiantibus circiter xiv. latis, haud expressis, adulta obsoletis ; lineis spiralibus haud conspicuis ; apertura elongato-pyriformi, in canalem valde productum, apertum, rectum, subito attenuata; labro acuto, parum arcuato, haud sinuato; labio inconspicuo. Long. ‘88, long. spir. -43, lat. -32, div. 33°. Hab —In sinu Pugetiano, specimen unicum legit Kennerley. Aspectu Belam, forma Perronam, nisi labro haud sinuato, commemorat : characteribus plurimis subgeneri Siphoni convenit. Synopsis of the Genus POMOXYS, Raf. BY THEODORE GILL. In order to dissipate ‘part of the confusion into which the nomenclature of this genus has fallen, and to make known several new species, the present article is submitted. Genus POMOXYS, (Raf.) I. Caudal peduncle with its height in front (-14) greater than its length (*1l1—'12); anal fin extending back- wards nearly to base of caudal. P. brevicauda. Il. Caudal peduncle longer (-13—-15) than high (*11—*13) ; anal fin not passing beyond the second third of pe- duncle. Height exceeding three-tenths (*31) of length ; head less than three-tenths (°24). P. intermedius. Height less than averaging three-tenths (+29) of length, and scarcely longer than head. Caudal peduncle slender (-15 long, *11} high). First dorsal spine less than half (-02}) an eye’s diameter. P. storerius. Caudal peduncle stout, little longer than high (133 long, ‘13 high). First dorsal spine equal to two-thirds (-043) of an eye’s diameter. P. protacanthus. PoMoxys BREVICAUDA, Gill. D. VI: 15.) A. VI. 17. P.15. 6 Scales (12—29—) 42 —.* 14 NN * The twelfth and twenty-ninth scales of the lateral line, respectively, correspond with the vertical of the auterior and posterior ends of the dorsal fin, The total number of scales through which the lateral line runs, exclusive of those on the caudal fin, is forty-two. At the region of great- est height, there are six rows above and fourteen below the late:al line. [A r pr, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 65 This species is readily distinguished by its abbreviated caudal peduncle and the consequent extension of the anal fin backwards nearly to its end. The back is also considerably more gibbous and decurved than that of any con- gener. 4564. North Grand River, Livingston Co., Mo. Dr. Hoy. PoMoxXYs INTERMEDIUS Gill. DD. VIS. Ana laelr 6 Scales (12—31—) 45 —. 14 This species distinguished by its comparatively longer caudal peduncle and the height of the body, as well as by the smaller size of the scales. Pomoxys sTOREBIUS Gill. ?Pomoxis annularis Raf.? Ag. Cichla storeria Kirtland, MSS. Centrarchus hexacanthus Cuv. et Val., fide Storer (nec Cuv. et Val.) Pomoxis nitidus Girard. Centrarchus nitidus Giinther. DVI. 155A. Vi. 1G, PP. 15. 6 Scales (14—30—) 43 —. 14 The Pomozys storerius is remarkable among all its known congeners on ac- count of the slender caudal peduncle. The species has been quite unfortunate in its nomenclature. It is possible that it is the species described and figured (!) by Rafinesque, but it would be an act of injustice to any other naturalist to suppose that his figure could so disagree with nature as does that of Rafinesque with the species in question. Agassiz has adopted Rafinesque’s name for a species found in the Tennessee River,* and, while he has remarked that it does not have the caudal ring mentioned by that author, bas not alluded to any other disagreement with the fish of Rafinesque; the normal inaccuracy of that man is, however, so well known, that Agassiz has doubtless considered it superfluous to allude to any such discrepancies, and, consequently nothing may be predicated from his silence on that subject. The species was first intelligibly noticed by Dr. Kirtland ; in the ‘‘ Report on the Zoology of Ohio,’’ p..191, he introduced it under the name Cichla Sto- reria. Being subsequently informed by Dr. Storer ‘‘ that Cuvier had pre- viously described it in the third volume of his ‘‘ Histoire Naturelle des Pois- sons,’? from specimens taken by Lesueur in the river Wabash,’’ he referred it to the latter species, called Centrarchus hexacanthus Val. The fishes of Kirtland and the French naturalists, not only belong to different species, but even to different genera. The name Cichla Storeria must therefore be ac- cepted as the specific appellation of the species described by Kirtland, if Ra- finesque’s is deemed unworthy of adoption. Subsequently, the species was described and figured by Girard under the new name of Pomozis nitida, while the name of Kirtland was retained as a synonym of the Centrarchus heracanthus, which was erroneously called Pomozis sparoides, and the name of Rafinesque was preserved for a third nominal species. * Agassiz remarks, that the species of the Tennessee River “agrees fully with the description given by Rafinesque of his Pomozis annularis, with the sole exception of a golden ring at the base of the tail, which may be faded in the specimens sent by Dr. Newman from Huntsville ;” but thia agreement surely can scarcely extend to the figure, which remains upmoticed by Agassiz. 1865.] 5 66 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF PoMoxYs PROTACANTHUS Gill. Di Vi. 15.12:A. NA: Ne Scales (13—30—) 43 —. : 14 The Pomoxys protacanthus may be at once distinguished among the other species here enumerated by the comparative elongation of the anterior dorsal and anal spines. A single specimen (4565), from Tarboro, North Carolina, is in the Smithsonian collection, and has no opercular spot. The absence of this latter furnishes another specific character, unless it has been obliterated by the alcohol. The following table gives the relative proportions of the several species : 4564 4563 4565 Extreme length.. saneemndpaes oveeeWnse wusaeods Orie. ee Se Body—Greatest height.........cccsssere cere Se See BL gaecseses Pie eerece 29 Height of tail behind anal fin.....14 ........ PARES Pe 11}........ 13 Least height of tail............... Le ioscan NOs santas 1 Pana Ss | Wengthvotitailecccsss.sers-ssacuseone Dp seseeress Le are ne ae ee 133 Head—Greatest length ........06 sess ceeeeens Oilicenes ane Unies casks YA pacecribae 28 Here tat) Papiliccces.cvecc senesced ON ape ess her rcerg el eccna scene 15 Length of snout........-.c.eseeeeeee ol Gp scscseeee D Geooddoor 6. 2. cones 64 Orbit—Diameter............ccecseeeerenceeeres DP rccesenes Deane so" G Wecncssac 6 Dorsal—Length of base ......... ceeeeeeee cone Di lmtensseeses DAD vox tu eves EE fecebadvetaee Height at first spine...........-... BY ences J goaearacs Zh accousss 4} Height at last spine. ....... sss. Sf Sreeniastiat We pecceeer es ee elie Height at longest ray......... Seceesl Ol sete ne 16. spnornace 16 Anal—Height at first spine ................ 4 bere desc Ph pocsccoc Ae eorek er = 3} Height at last spine ......-.....-.+4 DF. n.escoee 1 seccbecaihe HIT scopes 10 Caudal—Length of middle rays........... IV 6 Gieerace TSieadseemhcat aia eecceess 194 Length of external rays......... 7A ese eto Pee paconcer“PAstcobnece. 2: Pectoral—Length......-...seceeeeeeeeeeeeeeere Ti icbel korea “lise toesben BT eet 16 Ventral—Length .............sssorscesacesons To ereseapesl Sy srcteslees LD! ston eton = 14 On the Genus CAULOLATILUS, BY THEODORE GILL. CAULOLATILUS Gill. =Caulolatilus Gill, Proc. Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, 1862, p. 340. Dekaya Cooper, Proc. California Academy of Natural Sciences, iii, p. 70, 1864. Latilus sp. Cuv. et Val. Body much compressed, elongated, with the height nearly uniform to the anus.; thence gradually decreasing to the caudal peduncle, which is moderately narrowed. Scales small, oblong, with a rather large central, minutely granular and estriate area, from the posterior portion of which the rhipidal ridges radiate ; and with a wide muricated posterior border ; the exposed surfaces are vertical, especially near the head. Lateral line indistinct, parallel with the back; median on the caudal peduncle. Head compressed, scarcely oblong, with the profile boldly decurved, the forehead flattened. Forehead behind cheeks and opercula, except interoper- eulum, covered with ctenoid scales like those of the body. yes subcircular, large. Preorbital bone elongated rhomboid, with the height less than the di- [April, / NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 67 ameter of the eye; cheeks longerthan high. Nos/ri/s approximated, simple. Preoperculum esinuate, pectinated. Operculum with a blunt, bony projection behind. Suboperculum narrow. Mouth moderate, with the cleft little oblique. Jaws even; supramarillaries nearly straight behind, and subtruncated atend. Lips thick, the lower attached by a freenum in front. ' Teeth on the jaws alone, in a broad, villiform band in front, preceded by a row of larger acute ones continued to the corners of the mouth; the hindmost teeth enlarged canines directed forwards. r Branchiostegal rays six. (Branchial membrane well developed, and free elow.) Dorsal fin with seven or eight graduated, pungent spines, and rather nu- merous (22—27) uniform branched rays; antepenultimate normally longest. Anal similar to the soft dorsal, armed with one or two pungent spines; first Spine, when present, extremely small. Caudal fin emarginated, with its lobes pointed. Pectoral jins well developed, longer than the ventrals. Ventrals thoracic or subbrachial, with the spine slender but acute, and with second ray longest. Type Caulolatilus chrysops Gill. The genus Caulolatilus is widely separated from Latilus by the form of the body, structure of the scales and especially by the form of the head and the structure of the fins. It is also related to Prolatilus,* but is readily distin- guished by the general form, the form of the head, the thoracic position of the ventral fins, as well as the number of dorsal spines and form of the cau- dal fin. Caulolatilus was first separated from Latilus in an article entitled ‘*‘ Remarks on the relations of the genera, and other groups of Cuban Fishes ;’’ it was said to be distinguished by its form and the structure of the fins, and was founded for the reception of the Latilus chrysops C. et V. Subsequently Dr. Cooper described as a new generic type allied to Hetero- gnathodon Blkr., a Californian species of the same genus, and considered it ‘‘to be avery aberrant form of the Percoid family, having many characters of other orders. Four species of the genus are Known to me; their relations and differential characters may be expressed by the following scheme: I. D. vii (-viii.) 24. A. i. (ii.)22.¢ Profile quadrantiform. C. chrysops. C. affinis. lJ. D. viii. 25—26. A. ii. 25--26. Profile less decurved, the snout being produced. a. Dorsal spines behind longer than the space between the fin and lateral line; pectoral fin equal to distance from snout to middle of opercnlum C. anomalus. B. Dorsal spines behind about equal to space between fin and lateral line; pectoral fin about three-fourths the length of the head (Jenyns.) C. princeps. CAULOLATILUS CHRYSOPS. Latilus chrysops C. et V., ix. 496; Guict., in Sagra., tab. 2, f. 1; Gthr., ii, 253. * Prolatilus Gill, (type Latilus Jugularis Cuy., Val.,) is distinguished by its general form, as well as the form of the head, scaly forehead and approximated eyes $ few (+) dorsal spines, entire caudal and subjugular ventrals. P +My own enumeration of the dorsal and anal ray exactly coincides with Gunther's; Cuvier as- signs D. viii. 24. A. ii. 22. I cannot discover the small spine in front of the anal one, and there are certainly only seven dorsal spinee, 1865.] 68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF Caulolatilus chrysops Gill, Phil. 1862, 340. Hab.— West Indies. D. vii. (-viii.) 24. A. i. (-ii.) 22. C.v.1,%7,6,1,v. P.18. V.1L5. CAULOLATILUS AFFINIS Gill. In a young specimen the following peculiarities are exhibited : The profile describes the outline of a quadrant, and in front is almost ver- tical. The greatest height is contained less than four times (°27) in the length, exclusive of caudal; that of the caudal peduncle about nine times. The head forms more than three-tenths of the length, while its height bears to its length the proportion of 223: 31. The diameter of the eye equals almost half the height of the head. The preorbital is very narrow. The teeth of the preoperculum are strong and distant, and those of the middle di- rected obliquely upwards. The sixth dorsal spine equals a ninth of the length. The anus is behind the middle of the length. The caudal rather ex- ceeds the height of the head. The pectoral equals a fifth of the length ; the ventral is shorter (*18,) and is inserted beneath the base of the pectoral, its spine being at the vertical of the upper axil. D. vii. 25. A. ii. 22. P. 18. The color is reddish brown on the head and back, lighter on the sides. A very distinct blackish spot is present above the axilla of the pectoral. This species is very closely related to C. chrysops, but the single individual which is a young one about three inches long, differs from adults of the latter, of which I have seen none less than fifteen inches long, by the greater height of the spinous dorsal and the proportions of the other fins, and the situation of the ventrals, strongly serrated preoperculum, as well as as the large eyes and narrow preorbital. The last two characteristics are doubtless those of youth. The value of the others yet remains to be ascertained, but it is pro- bable that they will be found to be specific, although, perhaps, slightly modi- fied with age. The species has been known to me for three years, but I have felt reluctant to describe from so small a specimen. The specimen was ob- tained by Mr. Xantus at Cape St. Lucas. CAULOLATILUS ANOMALUS. Dekaya anomala Cooper, Proc. California Academy Natural Sciences, vol. iii. p. 71, fig. 17, 1864. Hab.—Catalina Island, California. D. viii. 25. A. ii. 25. P. 18. Sq. 185—140 43 pm. Caulolatilus anomalus is very closely related to the C. princeps of the Gala- pagos Archipelago, but appears to differ in the more elongated spines of the dorsal fin, as well as the longer pectoral and ventral fins. A critical compari- son of fresh or wet specimens of both species is, however, requisite not only to verify the differences referred to, but to ascertain the other differential characters. It is scarcely probable that the two forms are co-specific, but at the same time we must remember that at least one species is common to Lower California and the Galapagos Islands. The type specimen of C. anomalus was kindly forwarded for examination by Dr. Cooper, the discoverer. It is an adult, and belongs to the collection of the Geological Survey of the State of California. CAULOLATILUS PRINCEPS. Latilus princeps Jenyns, Fishes Beagle, 52, pl. 11. Gthr., ii. 253. Hab.—Galapagos Islands (Chatham Island.) , [April, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 69 On the Cranial Characteristics of GADUS PROXIMUS Grd. BY THEODORE GILL. While engaged in the investigation of the comparative anatomy of the Gadoids and allied families, my attention was arrested by the very distinctive characters exhibited by the Californian Gadoid named by Girard Gadus prox- imus or Morrhua prozima. The title of that form to generic separation from the typical Gadi, is fully confirmed. I may remark, that I had long distrusted its pertinence to Gadus on account of its small size, but the few and trivial outward peculiarities exhibited by it, almost forbade a separation, until more should be known concerning its organization. The affinities of the new genus are, perhaps, rather with Brachygadus than Gadus itself; but the form of the head sufliciently distinguishes it from that type. The distinctive external characters are the angular form of the fins, especially of the first dorsal, the small size and the immaculate body. All the osteological characters, herewith given, are contrasted with those of Gadus, and the peculiarities are indicated by the italicized portions. If, as I suspect, the Gadus pygmeus of Pallas belongs to Boreogadus, as restricted by myself, at least three genera of Gadine are represented along the western American coast. MICROGADUS Gill. The cranium is proportionally broader towards the front and less flattened, while the brain case is flattened below, decidedly swollen laterally and on each side of a depressed sphenoidal groove, and has an ovate cordiform shape. The paroccipital or epiotic is not produced into an angle behind, but is ob- tusely rounded, and its posterior or outwardly descending ridge blunt. The pe- trosal or opisthotic is well developed, oblong, and with its re-entering angle high up, and, on a line with it, the surface is divided into two parts ; an upper narrow and flattened one, and a lower expanded one, much swollen; the alisphenoid or pro-otic is oblong, acutely emarginated in front, swollen from the region of the high anterior sinus, and above it little produced forwards. The great frontal is little longer than broad, with supraoccipital crest continued only along its posterior third, but an anterior low crest continued forwards on the bone, and near the front expanded upwards, and with the expanded por- tion behind dividing into narrow lateral wings; the lateral tectiform ridges of the frontal are continued forwards and curved outwards towards the antero- lateral angles. The anterior frontals are mostly covered in front by the great frontal, and are much developed in the direction of the antero-lateral angles ; the inferior expanded axillar portion being very narrow. The nasal has a rounded ridge in front continued well below, and its posterior crest is laminar and trenchant. The rest of the bones offer less decided peculiarities, and, therefore, their immediate consideration is less requisite. Gadus tomcodus Mitchill exhibits similar modifications of the cranium, and should be approximated to G. proximus. Note on several Genera of CYPRINOIDS, BY THEODORE GILL. As considerable misapprehension appears to have prevailed regarding several gevera of Cyprinoids, established for fo'ms,characteristic of the Pacific slope of North America by Girard, due, perhaps, to the vague or erroneous ideas enter- tained by that gentleman himself, it may be advisable to give the partial results of a renewed examination. 1865.} 70 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF The genera Lavinia, Siboma, Algansea, Tigoma, Cheonda, Gila, Ptycho- chilus aud Mylochilus, are closely related to each other, and cannot be dis- tributed among different subfamilies, as has been attempted. Indeed, some of the genera so separated are so intimately allied, that their claims to generic distinction are extremely doubtful. Siboma appears to be nearly allied to Lavinia, and inciudes only the S. crassicauda, the S. atraria belonging rather to Algansea. Algansea itself and Tigoma are scarcely distinguishable, they differing only in the pharyngeal teeth,—Algansea having teeth 5—5, increas- ing upwards, while Z%goma has, normally, 2 | 5—5 | 2: both groups have narrow suborbitals. Cheonda should be restricted to C. Cooperi. The dif- ference between C. cwrulea and species of Tigoma are not evident. Gila and Ptychochilus both require revision. Mylochilus and Mylopharodon do not dif- fer generically, wherefore the former name alone can be retained. The genus Acrochilus of Agassiz, referred to Lavinia by Girard, has no affinity to that group, being nearly related to Chondrostoma, as shown by Agassiz, who has well described its peculiarities, while Lavinia as well as Tigoma, Algansea, &c., are closely related to the European Zeucisci. As I propose, on another occasion, to give the full generic characters, as well as anatomy of the genera of Western American Cyprinoids, I defer till then further consideration of their affinities. Observations on the EOCENE LIGNITE FORMATION of the United States. BY T. A. CONRAD. OLDER EOCENE OR LONDON CLAY. Lignite Epoch. Some years ago I visited a marl deposit near Long Branch, Monmouth Co., New Jersey, in which casts of a few shells presented an eocene character. Observing in Vanuxem’s cabinet a specimen of what is now known to be Aturia ziczac, I described it in the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sci- ences, vol. i. 2d series, p. 129, and referred the marl, principally on account of the presence of this shell, to the eocene era. I also described an imperfect cast of the same species as Nautilus angustatus, in Dana’s Report on the Ge- ology of the Exploring Expedition, which was found at Astoria in Oregon, in company with many shells which I mistook for miocene forms ; but a more extended acquaintance with eocene types shows their older tertiary relations, and their matrix to be synchronous with the London Clay of Sheppey, High- gate and Bracklesham. Professor Cook has lately sent me a box of specimens of similar age trom Shark River, Monmouth Co., N. Jersey, collected by Dr. _ Kneiskern. In company with Aturia ziczac there are imperfect specimens of Nautilus Lamarckii, Deshayes, another older eocene form of the Paris basin and of Belgium. Fruits also occur in this bed, referrible to the genera Nipa- dites and Mimosites, showing the tropical or semitropical climate of the era, and giving evidence of the intimate relations of the deposit to the Brandon and Mississippi Lignite strata. Indeed, it seems clear that this Shark River marl was the bed of the oldest eocene ocean, and that the flora of the Bran- don and Southern tertiary epoch flourished at the same time. The local, circumscribed character of the Brandon Lignite is attributed by Prof. Lesley to its having filled a deep depression, thus escaping the denuding forces which swept all traces of it away over a wide region that it once covered. The locality at Mont Alto, near Chambersburg, described by Prof. Lesley, is doubtless a locally preserved fragment of a vast formation once deposited over the Appalachian slope to the very base of the mountain range, and oc- cupying a large space in South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi, and: in fact, extending to the Pacific as far north as Vgncouver’s Island. [ April, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 71 Dana’s map of the cretaceous epoch gives a general view of the United States at this time, supposing what was then ocean had become land and fresh water. It is probable that the estuary deposits of Upper Missouri are the base of the older eocene, and the fresh-water shells are the earliest tertiary types of this continent. The species of Vivipara resemble the eocene forms of the Paris basin. According to Meek and Hayden these beds are more than 2000 feet thick. Vanuxem was the first geologist who stated that a lignite bed is situated in South Carolina between the cretaceous and eocene strata, and Tuomey has since described several localities in that State and one in Clark Co., Alabama, represented by No. 6 of his Bashia Creek section; and No. 2 of the section represents the Marlborough and Buhrstone group, or second stage of the eocene. In general, some doubt rests upon the identity of species by Tuomey, but the following list of shells contained in No. 2 is copied, with emendations, from his Report: Ostrea Carolinensis, Con., Venericardia planicosta, Proto- eardia Virginiana ? Con., Volutilithes Tuomeyi, Con. This bed represents the dark-colored loose sand of Piscataway, over which and next in succession lies the Marlborough rock, which corresponds to the ‘‘ great Carolinian bed’’ of Ruffin, and the ‘‘ calcareous strata of the Charleston basin’’ of Tuomey. The sand bed and condition of its fossils, as well as the similarity of some of its species, reminds us of ‘the Bracklesham Bay locality in England, and the superimposed rock of the Bognor beds. Although the Aturia ziczac is the only. fossil of Oregon known to be identi- cal with the New Jersey eocene, the vast distance between the localities will account for the variation; for the Continent was then as wide as from the Appalachian to the Rocky mountains, and seems to have been intersected by many rivers and fresh-water lakes, which have left an abundance of shells and mammalian remains entonmbed in the strata deposited by their waters. The Brandon fruits described by Hitchcock are all different from those of Shark River, but the conditions under which they flourished may account for this variation. They probably grew on high land, at some distance from the coast, whilst the station of the others was on low land along the shore, where Palms and Acacias scattered their fruit within reach of currents which swept them into the sea. At present, the marine beds of this era are found to lie close to the Atlantic, and in Oregon they skirt the shore; but estuary deposits were observed by Meek and Hayden in Upper Missouri. The Shark River marl is an indurated clay, with disseminated grains of green sand, which are often smooth and shining, and the shells are all in the form of casts, which are distorted more or less. Portions of this clay are indurated, making it as difficult to break as the hardest limestone. Its thickness is yet unknown. The Aturia of this locality is discoid, which is the result of pressure, whilst the Oregon forms are broader, and one specimen approximates the normal form of the En- ropean shell. Professor Harper describes a deposit on Chickasawhay River, Mississippi, which also is of similar geological age. ‘‘ The Nipadites and Cycadites mixed with coniferous trees, and even oaks.’’ ‘‘Stumps are seen rooted in the ground, as smooth and even as if not cut with an axe, but sawed with a sharp saw.’’ ‘A little higher up, on the Chickasawhay River, occurs the most southern outcrop of the large eocene marl stratum. Above the marl lies a stratum of hard limestone, which contains abundance of an Ostrea of large size.’’ In this description I recognize the strata on Savannah River, where the lignite is overlaid by the ‘‘ great Carolinian limestone’ group, and suc- ceeded by the Ostrea Georgiana, which is found as far west as Cape St. Lucas in Lower California. The lignite bed underlies the bluff at Vicksburg, where we find—l. lignite ; 2. ferruginous rock, with Ostrea Georgiana, Conrad; 3. St. Stephen’s Hme- 1865.] 72 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF stone, or Orbitolite limestone, eighty feet; 4. Vicksburg group, witha new species of Orbitolite,—N. supera, Conrad. This formation appears at Cape Sable, near Annapolis, where, at about the water level, ‘‘under a stratum of sand, and resting upon an impermeable erust of ferruginous sandstone, lies imbedded in a layer of almost pure alu- mine, a forest of pine trees, thrown down by some ancient convulsion. The crust which forms the base of this aluminous layer is a little below the level of low tides and is of considerable hardness. The imbedded pines are con- verted into lignites more or less impregnated with sulphuret of iron. The central parts are generally transformed into pure metallic sulphuret, some- times exhibiting in the hollow parts octohedral crystals of a yellowish metal- lic lustre and great hardness. The more remote the ligneous layers from the centre, the less they are saturated with sulphuret of iron. The external rays, as well as the cortical layers, are generally pure lignite, some compact and black, others retaining the color and friability of rotten wood. In some in- stances their texture seems to have suffered but little alteration: the central system, concentric rays, the bark and knots being perfectly discernible ; even fruits are occasionally found in a pretty good state of preservation as to form.’’** The lignite is correctly placed in Morton’s diagram as overlying the secondary marls. In Morton’s paper the first published notice of the for- mation appeared, drawn up from the notes of Lardner Vanuxem, who was familiar with the strata in South Carolina. Deshayes states that he has found no species of organic remains common to cretaceous and eocene strata in Europe or Asia, and I have no doubt that the destruction of life was total over the whole surface of the globe at the close of the cretaceous era. Deshayes, indeed, affirms that life has been five times destroyed and renewed in the past history of the earth. When we find evidence of surprising changes of level in the eocene period, the limited na- ture of a mixed fauna is remarkable, for we would expect to find it much more extensive at the base of the eocene. The bed of the Atlantic along the coast of the United States, from Cape May to the Gulf of Mexico, contains a mixture of recent and miocene shells, which, if elevated above the sea level would present a group of shells consisting of recent and extinct species, so like in preservation that the fossil could not be distinguished from the recent forms, except by one conversant with all the miocene shells. Deshayes affirms of the Maestrich beds, ‘‘ that there has been an accidental mixture of cretaceous and eocene ; a degradation of a stratum of fossilliferous marl diluted in the bed of the«tertiary sea at the time of the first deposit. The bed of the ocean, under our own eyes, shows an accidental mixture of this nature.”’ The Wilmington rock proves conclusively that this was the case in North Carolina. Eocene and cretaceous fossils are there mingled in a breccia. When I first saw this rock in 1832, no fracture or excavation revealed its true cha- racter; but the external resemblanee to the Timber Creek limestone of New Jersey, with its corallines, was striking. The mixture of secondary and tertiary species in this breccia, shows tuat a disturbance occurred in the bed of the eocene ocean, which evidently, from Tuomey’s account, extended into South Carolina. No one, I suppose, will tell us that the Venericardia plani- costa existed in the cretaceous period, yet countless thousands may be ob- served at the base of the eocene. It is true that in Europe a series of strata, termed Upper and Lower Landenien and Heersien, are said to intervene be- tween the chalk and eocene ; but one of the characteristic fossils of the Upper Landenien occurs in the Shark River beds,—the Cyprina Morrissi, of Sowerby. It is therefore probable that the former system is merely an extension of the London Clay. Certainly, in the United States, there is no such system as the * Durand, Journ. Phila. College of Pharmacy, v. 12, 1834. [April, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 73 Heersien, whilst Lyell found, in the Belgium Lower Landenien grey marl, a perfect specimen of the Terebratulina gracilis,—a well known chalk fossil, — together with Ostrea (Exogyra) lateralis, Nyst. Lyell remarks, that the Lower Landenien, at Folx les Caves, rests on the Maestrich chalk. There is an extensive bed of lignite in Europe of eocene age, which Des- hayes says forms a well-determined horizon with the long series of ‘‘ sables in- ferieures.’’ ‘‘ Above the lignite appears a bed of fresh-water and marine shells, the horizon of which I believe to be the same as the lignite formation of the United States. They reveal a singular state of the globe at the commencement of the tertiary period, presenting a vast level region covered by a dense forest, in which palms and oaks grew side by side, interspersed with lakes and rivers and long shallow bays of salt water penetrating to the interior of the continents. This state of the globe was exhibited in Europe and America at the same time, and the land was little elevated above the sea level, except that in America the Appalachian and Rocky mountain ranges stood out from the vast plain. The Shark River fossils are few in number of species, and generally im- perfect casts, with small chalky portions of the shell occasionally remaining. A few of the bivalves have connected valves. About twenty-five species of shells and plants have been collected, of which I think six shells are identi- eal with species of the London Clay and one of the Plastic Clay, Cyprina Morrisii. Catalogue of Shells of Shark River, Mactra , Aturia ziczac, Sowerby. Cyprina Morrissii. Nautilus Lamarckii, Desh. Dione ———. Priscofusus , Con. Yoldia protexta, C. Volutilithes mutata, Desh. Axinza Surculi annosa, Con. Crassatella Sycotopus Smithii, Sowerby. Venericardia perantiquua Con. Onustus extensus, Sowerby. Avicula annosa, Con. Hippochrenes columbaria ? Defrance. Pinna Acteonema prisca, Con. Pecten : Architectonica : Ostrea ° Pleurotomaria perlata, Con. Fish. Celorhynchus rectus, Agassiz. Catalogue of the EOCENE ANNULATA, FORAMINIFERA, ee and CIRRIPEDIA of the United States. BY T. A. CONRAD. - Annulata. SERPULA, Lin. S. ornata, Lea, Cont. to Geol. 37, 1, 5. Clatb. S. squamulosa, C. J. A. N.S., vii, 149. Claib. SPIRORBIS, Daudin. S. tubanella, Lea, Cont. to Geol. 36, 1, 4. Claib. DITRUPA, Berkeley. D. subcoarctata, Gabb., J. A. N. S., 2d series, 386, 67, 47. Texas. Foraminifera. TRILOCULINA, D’Orbigny. U. lineata, C., n. s. 1865.] 74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF CRISTELLARIA, D’Orbigny. C. ? rotella, C., Amer. Journ. Science, ii., 2d series, 399, f. 4. Florida. Cristellaria ? rotella, D’Orbigny, Prodromus, ii. 406, 1300. NEMOPHORA, Conrad. N. Floridana, (Nummulites) C., Amer. Journ. Sci., ii., 2d series, 399, f. 3. Florida. Cristellaria ?Floridana, D’Orbigny, Prodromus, ii. 406, 1301. ORBITOLITES, Lam. O. (Nummulites) Mantelli, Morton, Org. Rem. Cretac. Group, 45,5, 9. St. Stephens, Ala., S. C., Miss. Orbitoides Mantelli, D’Orbig., Prodromus, ii. 406. QO. supera, C.* Vicksburg, Miss. Echinodermata. ECHINIDA. SISMONDIA, Desor. S. alta, C., Proc. A. N. S., 1865, N. C. Emmons, Geol. N. C., 308, 247, 8. S. crustuloides, (Scutella) Morton, Org. Rem. Cretac. Group, 77, 15, 10. S.C. Desor., Synop. des Echin. 227. S. Lyelli, (Scutella) C., Journ. A. N. S., vii. 152, Ala. Desor., Synop. des Echin. 225. 5. marginalis, C., Proc. A. N. S., 1865, near Charleston, S. C. S. pileus- -sinensis, rede) Ravenel., Proceed. A. N. S. raaitlsm iste Ge S. Plana, C. 85. C MORTONIA, Desor. M. Rogersi, (Scutella) Morton, Org. Rem. Cretac. Group, 77, 13, 3. Alabama. Desor., Syn. des Echin. 231. Clark Co., Ala. Laganum Rogersi, Agass., Catal. Syst. 6. M. Jonesii, (Scutella) Forbes, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., i. 440. Georgia. MELLITA, Klein. M. Caroliniana, (Scutella), Ravenel, Proc. A. N.S.1, 81. S.C. MACROPHORA, Conrad. M. macrophora, ee Ravenel, Proceed. A. N. 8.1, 81. S.C. M. Raveneli, C. Smaller than ne eat suborbicular, with an obtusely ovate perfora- tion. PYRGORHYNCUS, Agass. ee Gouldii, Bouvé, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., ii. 192, and iv. 2. Desor., Synop. des Echin. 299. Georgia. Nuc. Mortoni, Conrad, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., ii. series, 40. CCSLOPLEURUS, Agass. C. depressus, C.,n.s. §.C. C. infulatus (Echinus) Morton, Org. Rem. of Cretac. Group, 75, 10, 7. Desor., Syn. des Echin. 98, 8. C. CLYPEASTER, Lam. C. Jonesii, (Scutella) Forbes, Quart. Journ. Geol., i. 440. Desor., Syn. des Echin. 243. Georgia. * Smaller than the preceding and comp:ratively thicker, without the raised central point. Di- ameter 13—20 inch. ‘Chis species is readily distinguished by the convex centre, and is limited to the Oligocene strata. : [April, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 75 °. ECHINIANTHUS, Breynius. E. Mortonis, (Pyrgorhyncus) Mich. Rev. et Mag. de Zool., 1850, 2. Desor., Synop. des Echin. 295. Miss. CASSIDULUS, Lam. C. amygdala? Desor., Synop. des Echin. lxv. C. er ae Couper, Journ. Acad, Nat, Sci., iv. 2d series, 39, 1, . Georgia. C. Lyelli, (Nuclzolites) Con., Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., ii. 2d series, 40, 1, 14. Georgia. C. patelliformis, (Catopygus) Bouvé, Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., iv. 2. Georgia. Cassidulus patelliformis, Desor., Synop. des Echin, 290. HEMIASTER, Lam. H. Conradi, Bouvé, Bost., Soc. Nat. Hist., v., 2d series, 3. Georgia. Desor., Synop. des Echin. 373. DISCOIDEA, Lam. - D. Haldemani, C., Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., iv., 2d series, 40, 1, 12. Georgia. ECHINOCARDIUM, Gray. E. orthonotus, (spatangus) C., Proceed. A. N. S. 1, 327. Virg. Amphidetus Virginianus, Forbes, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., i. 425. Echinocardium Virginianum, Desor., Synop. des Echin. 408. Cirripedia. BALANUS, Lin. B. humilis, C., Amer. Journ. Sci., ii., Zd series, 400, f. 4, Florida. B. peregrinus, Morton, Organic Rem. of Cretac. Group, 72. S. C. Descriptlons of new species of ECHINIDE. BY T. A. CONRAD. SISMONDIA, Desor. S. atta. Suborbicular; margin thin, disk gradually rising towards the centre and concave in outline; central portion elevated and obliquely flattened at the summit; ambulacra lanceolate, nearly closed; anus subquadrangular, thin, position nearer the mouth than the posterior end; margin thin, un- dulated. Scutella, Emmons, Geol. of North Carolina. &. MARGINALIS. Subovate or suborbicular, depressed; ambulacra lanceo- late ; central prominence rounded, margin thicker than the submarginal area of the disk; truncated posteriorly, emarginated; anus subquadrangular, ~ minute, situated near the margin, which is thickened beneath. Diameter 3 inch. Heigkt } inch, 8. C. S. puana. Discoid, subovate, very thin, margin slightly thickened, disc convex depressed, summit anterior to the middle ; ambulacra broadly lanceo- late, nearly closed; anus distant from the margin, but nearer to it than to the mouth. Longitudinal diameter 1} ofan inch ; transverse diameter ,°. inch. 8. C. Descriptions of three new species of Exotic UNIONES. BY ISAAC LEA. Unio Wricutu. Testa plicata, lata, ad umbones inflata, valde inequilate- rali, posticé acuto-angulata, antict rotundata; valvulis crassiusculis, anticé crassioribus; natibus subprominentibus et crebré plicatis; epidermide tene- 1865.] 76 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF broso-fuscatd, eradiaté et marginati; dentibus cardinalibus sublongis, sub- obliquis, crenulatis, lamellatis, in utroque valvulo duplicibus ; lateralibus prelongis, obliquis, lamellatis corrugatisque ; margarita alba et valde irides- cente. Hab.—China; A. R. Wright, M. D. Unio tortuosus. Testi inequivalva, contorta, plicata, valdé obliqua, in- flata, posticé obtusé angulati, anticé obliqué curvata ; valvulis percrassis, an- ticé crassioribus ; natibus prominentibus, crassis terminalibusque ; epidermide tenebroso-oliva, obsoleté radiata; dentibus cardinalibus permagnis, crassis, rectis corrugatisque ; lateralibus sublongis, subrectis, striis perpendicularis instructis ; margarita argentea et valdé iridescente. Hab. China; A. R. Wright, M. D. This remarkable Unio is the first which has been found possessing an ir- regular plane of the margin and being inequivalve. When looking on the ante- rior end with the ligament above, the line of the opening of the valves curves to the right. The beak of the left valve is higher than that of the right and projects anteriorly. The left valve is therefore larger than that of the right, and the weight differs—the left being 257 grains and the right 242 grains. The very remarkable perpendicular striae on the lateral teeth of this speci- men, if always present in other individuals, will demand its being placed in the genus Prisodon, Schumacker = Castalia, Lam. These strie are proba- bly normal to the species. Before Triguetra contorta, from China, was des- cribed by me, none of us could have expected to see a member of the Unionide to be curved like Arca tortuosa, Lin.; but now we have a second member of the family totally unlike the other, except having a curved plane of the shell. Unio ruroruscus. Testa plicataé, subquadrata, subsulcata, sublenticulari, inequilaterali, postict rotundata, anticé rotunda; valvulis crassiusculis, an- ticé crassioribus ; natibus prominulis, crebré et minuté plicatis; epidermide rufofuscd, eradiaté, micanti; dentibus cardinalibus subcompressis, crenulatis, in utroque valvulo subduplicibus; lateralibus longis subcurvisque; marga- rité alba et iridescente. Hab.— ? Sig. Patricio Maria Paz. May 2d. The President, Dr. BRIDGES, in the Chair. Eleven members present. The following paper was presented for publication : “ Partial Catalogue of the Cold-blooded Vertebrata of Michigan, Pt. IL,” By E. D. Cope. May 9th. The President, Dr. Bripexs, in the Chair. Thirteen members present. May \6th. The President, Dr. BripGEs, in the Chair. Twenty-four members present. The following paper was presented for publication: ‘‘ Description of eight new Species of Unio of the United States.” By Isaac Lea. [May, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 77 May 23d. The President, Dr. BripaEs, in the Chair. Twenty-two members present. The following paper was presented for publication: “ An Examina- tion of Birds of the Genus Chrysomitris, &c.” By John Cassin. Dr. Leidy called the attention of the members to specimens of Gryphza and Ostrea, from the New Jersey Green-sand, presented this evening, as affording evidence of the existence of a boring sponge, during the Cretaceous period, which penetrated. the shells in the same manner as at the present time. In answer to a question, Dr. Storer stated that he had observed no true viviparous fishes on the Atlantic coast of the United States, but that Sygnathus carried its young in an abdominal pouch. May 30th. The President, Dk. Baipaes, in the Chair. Sixteen members present. The Secretary announced the death, on the 6th inst., of Dr. Wm. Darrach, and ou the 13th, of Mr. Fernando de la Cuesta, late members of the Academy. On report of the respective Committees, the following papers were ordered to be published : Some Remarks on LABRUS PULCHER (Ayres.) BY ALBERT GUNTHER, M. A., M.D., PH. D. The March number of the Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1864, page 57, contains a paper entitled, ‘‘ Description of a new Labroid genus allied to Trochocopus (Gthr.), by Theodore Gill,’’ in which the author states that he had been misled by me in considering the Labrus pulcher (Ayres) as a species of Semicossyphus (Gthr.), but having received a specimen of this fish, found “that it has not the ‘lateral teeth distinct,’ as in Semicossyphus, but an ‘ obtuse osseous ridge round the edge of the jaws without distinct lateral teeth,’ as in Trochocopus (Gthr.), to which Giinther should have referred it.’”’ A single glance at pp. 99 and 100 of the fourth volume of my ‘‘ Catalogue of Fishes,’’ will show that Mr. Gill inverts the characters given by me to those genera. However, his description of the teeth of this fish (p. 58) is distinct enough; and I have no doubt that I should have referred it to Trochocopus, if I had seen tt. But a few lines further, the author goes on to say: ‘‘I (Mr. Gill) previously followed him, (Dr. G.), as he was acquainted with Semicossyphus and Tro- chocopus through autopsy, while I was not.’’ This is not correct, as will be perfectly evident on turning to p. 99 of the volume mentioned, where no refe- rence whatever is made to a specimen contained in our collection, and as is curiously enough acknowledged by Mr. Gill himself on the following page, (p. 59 of his paper), where he says, contradicting himself, that Dr. Gunther ‘was acquainted with neither (viz., Semicossyphus and Trochocopus darwinit) through autopsy.’’ 1865.] 78 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF Partial Catalogue of the Cold-blooded VERTEBRATA of Michigan. BY PROF. E. D. COPE. Part II. (Continued from page 285 of last volume.) Malacopterygii. Fundulus multifasciatus Cuy., Val. From Frederick, Macomb County, Grosse Isle, and Oakland County. Fundulus* aureus, sp. nov. Head flattened, its depth at orbit three-fourths interorbital width ; latter one- half the length of head, or one-eighth the total length to end of scales at base of caudal. Eye large, its diameter contained once in advance of it, and one and a half times to opercular border. Mouth terminal, mandible slightly longer. Back flat to middle of its length, then rapidly compressed to caudal. Scales large, with no exposed and‘ten concealed radii, nine longitudinal, thirty- three transverse series. Greatest depth four and three-quarter times in length from end of muzzle to end of scales. Pectorals not reaching ventrals, nor ven- trals the vent. Anal originating in advance of dorsal, like the latter, rather short. From base of caudal to anterior base of dorsal equals one-half the length from latter point to end of ossa nasalia. Radii D. 10 C, rounded 16 (complete); 11; V.6; P.13. Br. 5. Total length twoinches. Above uniform light golden brown; below pale yellow, inferior part of opercula silver white ; a brown band extends from the end of the muzzle to the origin of the candal fin. From Grosse Isle ; obtained by Prof. Fox. The anterior position of the anal fin allies this to some species which have been separated under the name of Zygonectes, for what reason has not yet been explained. A banded species from St. Louis, Mo., has been named Z. zonatus by Agassiz, but as there is no description, it has not entered the zoological record. Melanura limi Agass. Hydrargyra Kirt. Flint River, Grosse Isle and Oakland Co. Esox cyp ho, sp. nov. Profile steeply descending; muzzle slightly concave. Frontal concavity short. strongly marked, as wide as the superciliary plane on each side of it; eye contained six and one-half times in length of head, a little less tban frontal width ; pupil opposite extremity of maxillary. Latter appressed posteriorly, so as to give a sborter cranial diameter than at the middle of the muzzle. Head contained two and two-fifth times in length to end of caudal. Buccal and opercular scales equal, similar to those on middle of body, smaller than those near anal fin. Qn body, 18 110—12. Dorsal region elevated, broad ; caudal peduncle thick, its length equal from eye to posterior edge of oper- culum. Emargination of caudal two-fifths length of the fn. From symphysis mandibuli to anterior margin of orbit 1 in. ; from latter point to edge of oper- culum 1 in. 5 lin. ; from last point to origin of ventrals 1 in. 8 lin. ; from same * Fundulus sciadicus, sp. nov., was brought by Dr. W. A. Hammond from the Nebraska or Platte River, and presented to the Academy. The form is short and stout, the scales large the fins small aud the anal originating a little in advance of the dorsal. Length of head 3} times to base of tail; eye 33 times in length of head, once in front of orbit, and one and two-third times between supercilia. Base of caudal to anterior base of dorsal a little less than half from latter to end of premaxillary. From base of caudal to base of ventrals equal from latter to opposite ante- rior margin of pupil. Thirteen longitudinal, thirty-nine transverse series of scales. D. prolonged a little beyond anal 10. A. 12. V.8. Largest specimen two inches in length, many smaller. ‘Above olive slate color; below, the caudal peduncle and opercula brownish yellow. No rpote or lines. i [May, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 79 to origin of anal 3 in. 3 lin.; origin of anal to middle base of caudal 2 in. Total length 10 in. 5 lin. Above iron brown; numerous closely arranged spots and vertical bars on the lower part of the sides, largest anteriorly, forming a serrate outline to the narrow pale hue of the abdomen. Operculum obliquely barred. A few spots on mandibles below, and a vertical black bar from eye ; fins spotless. No. 64; Waterford, Oakland Co. Several specimens. The outline, colors and radial formula distinguish this small species from its ally the um bros us of Prof. Kirtland. The following table represents some of the relations of the species of this genus, as far as deducible from our specimens and the very imperfect descrip- tions such as authors too frequently inflict upon science. I. Operculum and cheek entirely scaled. Branchiostegal R. 11 to 13. Dorsal outline arched; peetorals much nearer ventrals than end of premaxillary. D. 16. V. 9. A. 14. Depth five times to base of tail. Head 34 times in total length. End of upper jaw to orbit much less than from orbit to opercular border. Frontal BCOOVE SHALLOW........... 0000. cercecreccceccccnsecsossose csedcasesioconc.cocece cypho. Dorsal outline straighter ; pectorals nearer (Dekay) end of muzzle than to ventrals. D.14—15. V. 9. End of upper jaw to orbit less than from orbit to opercular border. A deep frontal groove. Vomerine teeth in a shorter series than the palatines. fasciatus. Dorsal outline straighter. D.13. V. 12. 4.12. Head four times in length. (Kirtld.).......c.ccceeseeseesecescsncenececereeenenanececeeeetene umbrosus. “Similar to fasciatus, but D. 12, and the vomerine series longer than palatine,” (HOIDr.) ......cssseeeeeeeeseeee eeeeceeeeeeeeeeees ravenclit. Br. R. 14—16. Dorsal outline straight; pectoral fin nearer ventral than end of muzzle. D, 18. A. 17. Depth six times to base of caudal. End of muzzle to orbit equal from orbit to opercular border or DGC YOM GE, PIE Ida lara aiais Hes SEIS SNC Ses Sale e ual clsdeicele Seibel satclaclgaenees reticulatus. D. 22. A. 21. Probably, not certainly, in this section........ aoneee . deprandus. E.crassus* Ag. enters this section. Of it little else peculiar is mentioned than that the buccal scales are larger than the oper- cular, and equal to those on the body, and the front deeply grooved. E. affinis has not been definitely separated from reticulatus. If. Cheek entirely, operculum half, scaled. Dorsal outline horizontal ; pectoral nearer end of muzzle than to ventral. B. 14—15. D.19. End of muzzle to orbit equal from orbit to border of operculum, Frontal groove deep........ Socvcos CUCIUS: III. Cheek and operculum half scaled. B. 19. D. 19. No frontal groove........... eae noce Seaniomeswasnetcaeer et nobilior. Esox? With the form and proportions of reticulatus and the branchios- tegaland fin radial formula of fasciatus; not far from the LZ. affines (?) of Holbrook, Ichth. S. Carolina. Grosse Isle, Prof. Fox. Esox lucins L. Richardson. I find no external specific difference between this fish and the estor of Leseur, Perhaps the large inner palatine teeth are a little longer, and in more nume- rous rows. The position of the ventral fin, with reference to the anal, caudal and pectoral, varies much in both European and American specimens. Agas- siz’ description of his 2. boreus applies very well to specimens of the so-called estor ; in some of these the vomerine row of teeth is longer, as in type of boreus, * Am. Journ. Sci. Arts (2) xvi. p. 308. 1865.] 80 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF in others shorter than the palatine. Neither Cuvier nor Richardson could separate American specimens as a distinct species from the European pike. Esox no bilior Thomp. Hist. Vermont, and Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. 1850, 305, where this is rightly stated to be the estor of Richardson. It is also evidently estor of Agassiz, Am. Journ. Sci. Arts, xvi. p. 308, and formerly of Kirtland, but later correctly named by the latter, Cleveland Annals of Science, 1854, p. 78; also Z. lucioides Agass. and Gir., in Frank Forester, by Herbert. Fine specimens from Saginaw Bay, No. 228, A specimen is in the Academy Museum from the Alleghany River in Warren Co., Pa., and another was presented by Thaddeus Norris, from Conneaught Lake, Crawford Co., Pa. The head of the latter measures 12 in. 9 1. in length, and 17-6 in circumference at the preopercles. The Esoces ohioensis Kirtl., and lineatus and lugubrosus of Leseur (C. V. vol. 18) can hardly be said to be described, while the vermiculatus of Leseur, and vittatus and salmoneus of Rafinesque, may be recognized in the localities where first taken, if existing. Leseur’s specimens were taken in the Wabash. Truttanamaycush Penn. Saginaw Bay. Thymallus tricolor, sp. nov. Muzzle slightly rounded in profile, as long as diameter of orbit; under jaw slightly longer. Cranium rather broad above, median ridge strong to nasal region. Eye just one-fourth length to opercular border. End of maxillary not quite reaching middle of pupil. Nares as near the premaxillary border as to the orbit. Superior angle of interoperculum in contact with operculum ; latter twice or more than twice the width of suboperculum. Maxillo-premaxillary angle open, rounded; maxillary little convex; mandible hardly angulated. Head contained in length to base of caudal a little less than five times ; greatest depth four and two-thirds in the same. Teeth, including the palatine, weil developed; those on the vomer few, in one or two transverse rows. Dorsal, origin opposite median point between ventrals and operculum ; length of base equal to from first ray to upper border of preoperculum, or a few lines nearer the orbit; penultimate rays longest, about equal length of head, not quite at- taining the base of the anal; R. 21, the first nine undivided. P. 16, extending beyond origin of dorsal; V. 10, under the eighteenth dorsal ray ; A. 13; C. 19. Scales extending between longer rays to opposite the edge of the not very deep, rounded emargination. Sc. +2 95—8, exposed portion little higher than wide. Br. 8. Pyloric coeca twenty-two, (in one specimen), twelve round the pylorus, and ten in two longitudinal parallel rows immediately beyond. Below silvery, above pale brown, every where with blue reflections. Small deep blue spots scattered on the sides, more abundantly anteriorly. Dorsal fin with numerous blue spots, and two and three rows of narrow pinkish purple spots above them ; superior border pink- purple. Length to base of caudal 8 in. 9 lin.; to vent 6 in. 5 lin. Length of limb of caudal 1 in. 4 lin.; base of anal 103 lin. The stomach was filled with nevropterus larve and small twigs of Thuja. This genus, first brought to light in the United States by Prof. Miles, is rep- resented in the more northern parts of the Continent by a fine species—the T. signifer—and in Europe by the widely distributed T. vexillifer. The present species is intermediate between the two in some respects. The muzzle is shorter, the mouth less angulated, and the eye smaller than in its European congener; the scales are more numerous, and the median frortal ridge is pecn- liar ; the coloration is different. The head is longer than in the signifer of Richardson, and the anterior part of the body more produced ; the eye is con- siderably smaller. Dr. Richardson mentions another high northern species, under the name of Th.thymalloides, but little of its distinctive character can be ascertained from his description. Coregonus sp., from Saginaw Bay, indeterminable. [May, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 81 Acanthopterygii. Chirostoma sicc ulum, sp. nov. Mandible scarcely longer than premaxillary ; mouth extending four-fifths the distance to opposite anterior border of orbit; muzzle conic. Eye 3} times in length of head ; head five times in length to base of tail. Scales small, in six- teen longitudinal and eighty-five transverse rows. Origin of first dorsal oppo- site origin of anal, equidistant between base of caudal and anterior border of orbit. Tip of pectoral reaching ventral. Dorsal outline from end of muzzle to end of second dorsal plane. D. V.—12. A. 25. V. 1—5. P.10. Length to base of caudal Color in spirits pale brown, (probably translucent in life), the silvery band traversing the 7th row of scales from the dorsal, covering one and two half rows. Top of head, and median dorsal region punctulate with black ; opercula silvery. From Grosse Isle, Detroit River. Prof. Fox. Gasterosteus inconstans Kirtl.* Grosse Isle. Prof. Fox. Specimens labelled as having been brought from Sukertoppen, Greenland, by Dr. I. I. Hayes, appear to belong to this species. Potamocottus; alvyordii Cottus, Girard, Monogr. Cottoids. Smiths. Contr. Several specimens, agreeing in all points with Girard’s description of a young individual except in the position of the vent; the latter is invariably considerably nearer the base of the caudal than to the symphysis mandibuli— most nearly median in the smallest specimens. The largest are 33 inches in length. In all I find numerous palatine teeth and a considerable patch of mi- nute dermal spines behind and above the axilla. This species will enter both Girard’s Cottopsis, and Gill’s Potamocottus ;{ but Prof. Gill informs me that he regards the C, asper as the only species referable to Girard’s genus, and that the others belong truly to Potamocotius. Similar spinous scales occur ona * Gasterosteus micropus isan ally of the inconstans brought from the neighborhood of Fort Riley, Kansas, by Dr. W. A. Hammond. It has a much smaller post-pectoral plate and ven- tral spine, shorter anal and second dorsals, shorter, thicker head, with the bony radii on the upper surface distinct. Length of anal less than from its last ray to end of caudal, and three lengths from the same point reaches the preopercular angle, or hinder margin of orbit. Post-pectoral plate smooth, oblique, concave in front, reaching lower pectoral rays, as long as diameter of orbit longer than smooth ventral spine. Length of muzzle less than diameter of orbit. Belly shield small, twice the ventral spine. Caudal peduncle compressed, smooth. Eye one-fourth length of head; latter is measured three and two-thirds times in length to base of caudal. D. 4, slender, withont plates, 1+-10; C.+10+ truncate; A.1,9, first under second of second dorsal. P. 10, Above blackish, below grey; sides, belly and cheeks densely punctulated with black. Near Fort Riley, Kansas; from the Platte River. Dr. W. A. Hammond. + The Academy’s museum possesses a specimen of a Greenland Cottid, which appears to be a second species of the genus Triglops. It may be called T. pleurostictus, and defined as follows: Head above a line drawn along the suborbital bones, and back above the lateral line covered with minute scales. Eye 32 times into head; interorbital breadth less than half orbit, concave; parietal region concave, with a knob on each side. A transverse depression across the line of the posterior nares. Four preopercular spines, two directed backward, one downward and one for- ward. Mouth horizontal, mandible longer, end of maxillary opposite hinder margin of pupil. On each side, opposite each interval between each dorsal ray,a patch of naked skin imitating a shield ; on each side of the fin a row of tubercles extending to middle of second dorsal. Lateral line with etenoid plates, whose free posterior borders are continuous with the numerous vertical lateral series of small contiguous ctenoid scales; these give an appearance of the existence of the lateral plates seen in some species of Gasterosteus; several transverse rows of similar scales in advance of the yentrals. The body from the middle of the second dorsal to caudal is depressed cylindrical. Pectorals extending much beyond vent to anal fin; ventrals reaching vent; latter with a large papilla. Branchiostegal membrane continuous, rays six, (seven in pingelii). Head enters three and three-fourths times in length to base of caudal; greatest depth five times. Kays, D. XI. 2.4. C.11 full rays; fin small. A. 27 (24 pingelii) V.L3 (5 pingelii) P. 18, the rays rough- ened. Total length 4 in. 9 lin. General color brown, darkest above; silvery from vent to branchiostegal membrane, and behind and in front of peetoral fin. Sides pale chestnut; a band of sienna streaks from opposite middle of pectoral to base of caudal, interrupted by silver spots and lines. From Godhaven, Greenland, (Coll. No. 114). t Proc. Bost. Soe. N. H. 1865.] 6 82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF specimen from Absecom, N. J., referable to Cottus meridionalis Gir. My specimens all exhibit a more depressed head than is represented by Girard. They differ from the wilsonii ina larger eye and narrow interorbital spacc, and in their simple pectoral rays; the caudals are twice furcate. Second dorsal has from 16 to 18 rays. They differ from richardsonii as described, in having the vent considerably nearer the tip of the caudal fin than the end of the muzzle. Dexter, Washington Co., No. 183. Grosse Isle, Prof. Fox. Uranidea spilota, sp. nov. Entering the section with five ventral rays, and with an elongate body ; and resembling apparently the b air dii, except in its short and anteriorly situated ventral fins. In wilsonii the eye is smaller, and frontal width greater; the pectoral rays are branched, in the present species simple. Inrichardsonii the vent is said to be the median point of the distance from the muzzle to the caudal fin; here it is much nearer the muzzle. In cognatus weare informed that the anal fin bas a more posterior position. The length of the head is contained three times plus one orbital diameter from end of muzzle to base of caudal fin; said diameter enters 4} times length of head, and is one-third greater than interorbital width. The head is slighty contracted laterally, and not so depressed as in T. alvordii, giving the or- bits less vertical range. One preopercular spine. Insertion of pectorals ob- lique, rays undivided, reachirg anus and anterior rays of second dorsal; ven- trals below middle of pectoral insertion in advance of dorsal, extending half way to vent. Width of isthmus equal from border of (closed) premaxillary to opposite hinder margin of pupil. Dorsal outline low, regularly descending to near end of second dorsal. Greatest depth enters five times from end of muzzle to base of caudal Lateral line disappears between middle and end of caudal. First dorsal low, first ray three-fourths of 2d, 3d and 4th; anal begins opposite fourth ray of second dorsal. Caudal fin rather small, rays once divided. No trace of palatine teeth. Rays D. VIII. 17, A. 13, V. I. 4, P. 15, Br. VI. Length three inches. Above brown, below yellowish, everywhere densely punctulated with darker, except between the vent and anterior to ventral fins. Dorsal, caudal and pec- toral fins barred ; anal yellowish. Base of caudal and dorsal spots blackish ; large lateral round spots of the same color sometimes in seven or fewer cross- bars. Several specimens from Grand Rapids, on the Grand River, which flows into Lake Michigan. Catonotus flabellatus Put. 329 a, Grosse Isle. Poecilichthys coeruleus* Agass., 329 b. Grosse Isle. This is P. transver- sus Abbott, which name has been accidentally exchanged with the next species ; vide the Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., List of Fishes. Hyostoma cymatogramma. Pileoma cymatogramma Abbott. Pr. A. N.S., 1860. 329 ¢. Grosse Isle. Percina caprodes Gir. Putn. 329 d. Grosse Isle. Small specimens, agreeing with P. Zebra Ag. Stizostedium americanum*C. VY. Lucioperca Auct. Nos. 224, 244, 245, 251, 252, from Saginaw Bay. Perca flavescens Cuv. ; 63. Oakland Co., 229 Saginaw Bay, (presents a monstrous form of skull, tot Mai Wan AUD Doectees Co toe Cle tansy seca N eget eat wo pe baht Be AN tn Laem eS * The 8. canade nse of Smith is identified by Agassiz. “‘ Lake Superior” p., with the ameri- eanun, butit is evident that it is more nearly allied to, if not identical with, the S.salmoneum Raf., of the Ohio, a handsome and peculiar fish, slightly resembling an Aspro, as has been remarked. The latter is not rare, and is well described by Rafinesque in Ichth. Ohiensis. cM may, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. © 83 similar to that figured by Steindachner of Vienna in Cyprinus c ar pio) ; Pine Lake, etc., etc. RoccuschrysopsGill. Zabrar Auct. No. 246. Saginaw Bay. Micropterus nigricans Gill, MSS. Huro C. V. Grystes Agass., Lake Superior. Nos. 116 Orchard L. Oakland Co., 122 Strait’s Lake do., 317- 18-19 Bald Eagle Lake, do., 261 Copenaconic Lake, Grosse Isle. Micropterus fasciatusGill, MSS. Cichla Leseur. Grystes Agass. Black Bass of the Lakes and the Ohio. 291, 296, Swartz Creek, Genesee Co. 235, Saginaw Bay. Grosse Isle. Pomotis maculatus* Gill. Pomotis vulgaris Richardson. Fauna Bor. Americana, et Auctorum. Thirty-five spec. No. 56, 58, 59, Waterford, Oakland Co.; 111, Clinton Riv. ; 264, Long Lake, @enesee Co., Copena- conic Lake, do., and Grosse Isle. This species also occurs in the Eastern States and in South Carolina. The eta of the largest specimen are: length, 24”; greatest height of body, 0’7 5//7, Lepomis incisor} Holbr., Ichth. 8. Ca. PomotisC. V. Forty-five spec. Nos. 60, 60a, 61, 265, 258, from same localities as the preceding, and 124, 126, 327, from Strait’s Lake, Oakland Co.; 268 near Crooked Lake, Genesee Co. The identity of this species with that so abundant in the South, is rather unexpected. I find, indeed, an additional anal ray in a few specimens from South Carolina, but no other difference. The largest specimen measures: length, 25’ 5//’; depth 11”. Independent of the difference between this and * Bryttus oculatus is a pretty species obtained by Dr. J. H. Slack in Lake Whittlesey, Minn. The head is compressed, elongate, contained (measured to just below opercular flap), two and three- fifths or three-quarters to base of caudal; front rather concave, one diameter of the eye reaches to premaxillary border, and five and six measures the length of the head. Mandible not longer when closed; end of maxillary opposite half-way between pupil and edge of orbit. Scales on cheek in 5 six rows, below suborbital bones; on body — 33-4. Superior posterior border of operculum strong, 12 rounded, serrate. Dorsal with spines well developed, and no depression between the divisions 10 —10; caudal slightly emarginate, +16+; anal projecting beyond second dorsal, 3—9, its first ray opposite the last spinous dorsal. Ventrals quite or barely reaching anal, 1—5; pectorals extend- ing a little further posteriorly, 12. Greatest depth 214 times to base of caudal; depth at posterior border of second dorsal one-half depth from first dorsal to origin of ventral; length of caudal pe- duncle (to line of dorsal) cont. three times from base of caudal to opercular border below flap. Color in spirits reddish, not punctulate; lower surfaces and fins golden. Second dorsal, anal, and caudal, punctulate, the base of the latter slightly spotted. Opercular flap well developed, outline nearly circular, marked with a black central dise, which is interrupted by the convex border of the operculum, and entirely surrounded by a broad white (? red) border, The length of this species is about four inches. + Lepomis 1 ongispinis of the Mus. Academy was obtained by Dr. Heermann on hisjourney from St, Louis to Southern California. It approaches the speciosus of Girard, but has a longer head and fins, the spines much more developed, and a larger eye. Front slightly concave; dorsal outline elongate gibbous. Greatest depth is measured 224 times from muzzle to base of caudal. The head measures 314 times to the same point; the latter fin 13 times in total length. Eye three times from muzzle to suture between operculum and suboperculum; a little longer than length of muzzle, and equal frontal width; maxillary reaching its anterior border. Four rows scales below the orbit. Supe- rior posterior process of operculum distinguishable from the short flap; not serrate; preopercu- lum finely serrate. Ventrals reaching first anal spine; pectorals a little longer. First soft ray of anal equal base of the fin; third long ray little shorter. Fifth (longest) ray of bony dorsal as long as or longer than half depth of body, measuring to the eleventh row of scales from its base, scales 75 41, Caudal not deeply furcate. No trace of palatine teeth. Radii D.10—11; C+17+; A.3 —l1; V.1—5; P.1—12. Length three and one-half inches. General color olivaceous, (possibly stained,) dorsal region, front and base of tail, brown. Belly brighter; an elongate black spot on upper part of operculum, without lighter border, and a round one on the middle of the last rays of the second dorsal. This is a more elongate species than the incisor, which it resembles, bas longer fins and fewer rays in the second dorsal. The opercular flap is much smaller. 1865.] 84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF the preceding species in the pharyngeal teeth, (Pomotis rounded, molar-like ; Ichthelis acute, canine, acc. to Holbrook,) they may be distinguished by the anal radii—maculatus 91, incisor 101, and by the upper posterior process of the operculum having a distinct serrate border in the former, in the latter gradually losing its bony consistence ; there are also permanent marks of dis- tinction in the coloration. Chaenobryttus* melanops. JIchthelis melanops Raf. Ichth. ohiensis, p. 28. Not Calliurus melanops Gir., (Chaenobryttus Gill.) U.S. Pac. R. Rex Poll, Chaenobryttust gulosus. CentrarchusC. V. Calliurus Ag. I am indebted to Prof. Gill, of Washington, for the identification of this and some other species of Centrarchine genera. Ambloplites rupestris Raf. Gill, Proc. A. N. S., 1860, p. 20. Centrarchus aeneus Auct. 302, Algoma, St. Clair Co.; Long Lake ; Flint River. Hyperistius hexacanthus Gill, Sillim. Journ., 37, p. 97, 1864. Cuv. Val. nec Centrarchus,hexacanthus Kirtl. Saginaw Bay, No. 238. BATRACHIA. GRADIENTIA. Necturus maculatus Bd. Amblystoma luridum Bd. Amblystoma fuscum Hallow. Amblystoma punctatum Bd. Amblystomajeffersonianum Bd. Amblystoma lat erale Hallow. Notophthalmus miniatus Bd. Notophthalmus viridescens Baird. SALIENTIA. Chorophilus triseriatus Wied. Acris crepitans Bd. Hyla pickeringii Lec. Hyla versicolor Lec. Ranaseptentrionalis Bd. * Vid. Gill, in Sillim. Journ., 1864. 37—p. 94. ; + An allied species was contained in a fine collection of fishes made in Minnesota by J. H. Slack, M. D., and presented to the Academy by him, It may be thus distinguished: 2 Bryttus mineopas sp. noy. End of maxillary opposite posterior margin of pupil; eye 13 to twice in frontal breadth, five and a half to six times from end of muzzle to upper posterior bor- der of opercular bone. Greatest depth 214 to 214 times in length to base of caudal. Length of head to upper border suboperculum a little over three timesin length to baseof caudal. Opercu- lar flap a mere border above, little prolonged, but wider opposite the superior angle ot subopercu- lum. Spinous rays of dorsal very short; angles of caudal slightly rounded, the emargination shallow, its length entering 53 in the total. Anal not reaching caudal, and prolonged beyond second dorsal. The ventrals originate a little anterior to the first dorsal, and do not reach the anus; are two-thirds their length from anal; pectorals not extending beyond them. Preopercular angle finely denticulate. Scales 8 48; ten series on the cheek below orbit. Rays, D. X11; C.+17X; 20 % 9; V.15; P.12. ‘* Color "in alcohol light-reddish, shaded above with brown, below with yellow; a black spot at posterior base of second dorsal, the fin otherwise immaculate, sometimes dark shaded. Anal shaded dusky, bordered with white; ventrals dusky. Opercular spot large, oval, bordered with light narrowly above, more broadly inferiorly. No stripes on the head, Specimens obtained at Minneopa, Minnesota. ; [May, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 85 Rana clamitans Daud. Rana silvatica Lee. Rana halecina, Kalm. Rana cates byana Shaw. The seventy-eight species embraced in the above synopsis form but part of the fine zoological collection made by the State Geological Survey, under Prof. Alexander Winchell. Note on the Fishes brought from the Platte River, near Fort Riley, by Dr. Wm. A. Hammond. Bryttus longulusGird., U. 8. Pac. R. R. Rept., x. p. 16. Stizostedium americanumC. V., Dekay, Zool. New York. Poecilichthys mesaeus Cope, Pr. A. N. 8. Phil., 1864, p. 232. Gasterosteus micropus Cope, supra. Trutta lewisiGird., U.S. Pac. R. R. Rept., x. p. 318. Hyodon tergisus Les., Gird. l.¢., p. 332. Percopsis hammondii Gill, Proc. A. N. 8. Phila., 1864, p. : Fundulus sciadicus Cope, supra. Carpiodes damalis Gird., loc. cit, p. 218. Catostomus chloropterum Abbott, Proc. A. N. S. Phila., 1861, 473. Campostoma hippops Cope, Pr. A. N. 8. Phila., 1864, p. 264. Hybognathus evansi Gird., loc. cit., x. p. 236. Pimephales promelas Raf., Ichth. ohiensis, p. 53. Alburnus* oligaspis Cope, Pr. A. N.S. Phila., 1864, 282. Gila affinis Abb. l. c., 1861, p. 474. Semotilus corporalis Mitch., Putn. Sem. hammondii Abb., 1. c. p. 474. Semotilus pallidus Gird., loc. cit., x. p. 251. Platygobio gulonellus Cope, l. ¢., 1864, p. 277. Ceratichthys c yclotis Cope, Pr. A. N. S. 1864, p. 277. Rhinichthys maxillosus Cope, loc. cit., 278. Ictalurus cerulescens Raf. Pimelodus hammondii Abbott, Pr. A. N. 8, Phila., 1861, 569, appears to be same as that named by Rafinesque palli- dus marginatus. * A species of this genus occurs in some of the tributaries of the Allegheny, e. g., the Kiskimi- nitas, which differs from those hitherto described. The head is elongate conic and compressed, the outline of the vertex and front nearly plane, scarcely descending at the end of the muzzle; length one-fifth the total, (thus differing from dilectus Gir. one-sixth). Operculum a little higher than long. Mouth elongate, very oblique, end of maxillary opposite anterior margin of orbit; border of pre-maxillary above opposite middle of pupil, (differing in this from rubellus Ag.) Orbit nearer end of muzzle than to opercular border, its diameter not reaching former, and contained four times in length of head. Shape regularly fusiform, greatest depth five and one half times in length including caudal. Scales § 39-+-2, fewer than in umbratilis, more than in oligaspis, and muchasin amabilis, megalops and socius. These species are not so elongate, have differently proportioned heads and different coloration. The lateral line has a long slight deflection as far as the dorsal fin. The pectorals do not reach the ventrals, which originate anterior to the dorsal, and do not extend to the anal. Base of anal more elongate than in rubellus, equal depth of body at its fourth ray. D.I.8.C,-}-19-. A. 2, 10. V. 8, P. 11, the four upper rays enlarged in the spring, as in Rhinichthys, etc, From origin of caudal to that of dorsal equal from latter to posterior border or middle of orbit. Length 2 in. 6 lin. Above yellowish olive, the scales with punctulate margins; a median dorsal line. A dark late- ral band has a distinct outline on the third row of scales above the lateral line, but vanishes in punctulations below; it is broader and more distinct on the caudal peduncle. From its superior border a silver reflection extends over the white abdomen. Sides of head silvery: chin, muzzle, lips, front and vertex light vermiliion during the breeding season. The bases of the fins, except the caudal, are similarly colored at this season. The pharyngeal teeth are but little hooked; in three specimens, 4. 2—1. 4, and in two, 4. 2—2. 4. Pasig ss I have called this species Alburnus rubrifrons. Its form is quite different from that of the A. nitidus Kirtlanu; the latter resembles more the Hybognathus proc ne. 1865.] 86 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF Ictalurus notatus Abb., loc. cit. Amia calva Linn. Lepidosteus ot arius, Sp. nov. Distinguished from the other species of the genus contained in the Mus. Academy, as below. A complete series of adult and young specimens of Lep. huronensis, from the Alleghany River and the Lakes, shows but a limited variation in the relations of the diameter of the eye, operculum, cheek, and frontal width. The Texan specimen included in the list below, may be the leptorhynchus Gird., but that species is not recognizable from the description, Pac. R. R. Rept., x. 351. I have seen no individuals assignable to the graci lis* Agass., Fauna Bor. Americ., Richardson., iii. p. 240. I. Horizontal diameter of the eye more than half the dis- tance from its border to the operculum. a. Distance from pectoral to ventral fins considerably less than from ventrals to anal. Anterior border of operculum longer than horizontal diame- ter of the same; its inferior border straight. Eye one and three-fourths to twice in frontal breadth. Scales smooth, 43—4, inaring passing behind ventrals. From ventral to anal three and a half to three and three-fifths times in length from muzzle to inferior origin of caudal. Fourteen specimens...... Be BAO E saaelelt seb cults soos tie AEs soda aneh ge eons. pp as PUL ONENSIS Operculum also higher than long, its lower border descend- ing anteriorly. Eye one-third of frontal width; 44 rows of scales, as above, 57 on lateral line ; many on anterior third of body rugose radiate. One SpeC......ssseeseseseeeeeeee CPASSUS-T * Cylindostreus productus was brought by Dr. A. L. Heermann in a valuable collection made in Texas, for the most part near san Antonio, his place of residence. It approaches nearer the true Lepidostei than any of the flat-billed species yet known: the bill is considerably more elongate than in the platy stomus, and the opercula more posterior. Length of head enters total length (including caudal) three and a half times in the former, four times in latter. Width of muzzle at middle enters nine and one-half times the length of the head, above. Frontal breadth five and one-half times in length of head above in productus, four and one half in platystomus. Orbit contained three times in distance from its posterior border to opercular, and twice in frontal width. Four scales border the occipital plates, and the line connecting the opercular borders cuts the hinder edge of the third row. Parietal plates presenting each a promi- nent angle forwards, near the median suture: radii of upper surfaces of head but little broken into granules. Scales perfectly smooth, with entire borders straight posterior to ventrals, anterior without sigmoid curve. Plates of vertebral series each broader than long, anterior to ventrals. Forty-one scales posterior, forty-three anterior to yentrals in an armulus. Anterior border of operculum longer than the greatest length of the same. D.&; C.11; A.7; P.10. End of muzzle to pectoral 5 in.; pectoral to ventral 4 in., 3 1. Ventral to anal 4 in., 5 lin.; to candal below 6 in., 6 lin. Above light lead-colored; sides of body and head silvery, former densely punctulated; latter with a series of spots on the jaws. Muzzle above with eight cross-bands to angle of mouth; three across top of cranium. Below yellow, many scales (in a stuffed specimen,) spotted and shaded with pink. The species latirostris, oculatus, and albus have the muzzle broader than, or similar to, that of the platystomus. + This is a stont, thick species, with broad head, and not very elongate muzzle Breadth just anterior to opercula, three and a half times in total length of head from occipital shields : the latter enters length to origin of caudal three and one-twelfth times. The front is slightly convex, and descends strongly. The circumference of the body in front of the ventral fins is one-half the length from the middle of the origin of the tail to the anterior border of the orbit. Four or five rows of scales on the anterior third of the length are radiate grooved. End of the longest dorsal ray above the first pair of braces of the lower caudal ray. Behind the ventrals, about eleven rows of scales that are longer than high on each side of the median line. Rays D. 8; C.12; A.9; V.6; P12. Above plumbeous, the scales with paler centres; below straw-color; several large dark spots and shades on the sides, from the caudal fin to near the ventrals: all the fins spotted. Length from end of muzzle to base of caudal, 2 ft., 11 in.; to origin of anal, 2 ft., 5 in.; to ventrals, 1 ft., 74 in.; to opercular border, 11 in., 5 lin.; to anterior margin of orbit, 8 in. Length of pecto- ral fin, 2 in., 6 lin.; of ventral, 3 in., 2 lin.; of anal, 3 in. The type specimen was probably taken in brackish water at Bombay Hook, near the mouth of the Delaware River. [May, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 87 aa. Distance from pectoral to ventral equal to or greater than from ventral to anal, Operculum higher than long. From ventral to anal four times from muzzle to lower origin of caudal; head two and three-fourths times in length to same point: 43—4 rows of scales in ring: 57 in lateral line: faint traces of radii on a few anterior rows. One spec................. Steet longirostris. Operculum longer than high. Scales smooth, in 41 rows in ring behind ventrals ; lat. lin. 61—3. Head three and one-sixth in length to inferior base of caudal. Eye one and two-thirds in frontal breadth. Generally as in huro- MONSLS. THES SPCC... -v.,-00e -ccoesccs vsver or sivenesde veocerece OCQTIUSS II. Horizontal diam. of eye contained more than twice, from its post. bord. to operculum. a. Scales smooth. Eye 2} in front; lat. line 58; pect. fin 13 rays........... AOree sp. from Texas. Eye 33 in front ; lat. line 64; pect. fin 11 rays. One spec.. oryurus. aa. Scales on anterior half or more of body crenate and some- what radiate and tuberculate. Head three times from end of muzzle to lower origin of cau- dal; from ventral to pectoral a little less than from v. to anal. Opercular anterior suture longer than length of operculum. Eye three and two-thirds to three and five- sixths in frontal breadth. Scales 47 to 50 in ring behind ventrals, and 56 in lateral line. Two specimens............. osseus. In the L. ot arius the temporal breadth is contained more than five times in the total length of the head. D. 8, A. 9, P. 12. The borders of the scales are hirsute, as in huronensis, and the shorter straight, behind the line of the ventral fins, except a few toward the dorsal region. The first row in front of the dorsal is the third from the inferior origin of the caudal, and fifth from the anal. The parietal membrane shields present each a principal angle ante- riorly near the median line ; five scales bound the occipitals posteriorly. From end of muzzle to anterior border of orbit 5 in., 6 lin. ;'to anterior border of operculum 7 in., 10 lin.; to posterior edge of do., 8in., § lin.; to origin of ventrals, 15 in.; to inferior origin of caudal, 24 in., 9 lin. Lead-colored above; the sides silvery; below white. Pectoral and ventral fins unspotted ; the others spotted: the anal sparsely; a black spot at base of caudal. Number of species obtained by Dr. Hammond, 23; in the Michigan synop- sis, 63; species occurring in both, Amia, Hyodon, Stizostedium americanum, Ceratichthys, Pimephales promelas, and Semotilus corporalis. In the following list is shown the number of species of the synopsis as yet known to occur in the Ohio and tributaries, the Susquehanna, and the Delaware: Michigan. Ohio. Susquehanna. Delaware. 3 2 0 0 Ganoidei............. “cess cee Ea: Set tteo eo Nomatognathl,. 2.00 .ci..scedeseyacjsesiensstencervosiseeeens 4% 3 1 1 GRE OR NALD. /coseecciducen « socesnnd sens ses uddeduaton - 28 10 6 4 Malacopterygii....... sea ae csadedpliieieo ls th cupladece em 7 3 a 1 NGRMEDOPLOLY Pll -acanssseacnscoicssaeccne -enecacarioesesnre 19 12 25 23 Supplementary Note on a peculiar genus of CYPRINIDR. I obtained a small fish in the Kiskiminitas River, Western Pennsylvania, the present spring, which appears to be related in structure to allied genera of the Cyprinide, as Acerina is to some others among Percide. Its gene- * Ameurus de kayi must be added to the Catalogue pt. I., and the supposed Ictalurus gr a- cilisis the coerulescens, 1865.] 88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF ral appearance is that of a small Gobic or a Hybognathus, with the muzzle rather heavier than is usual in either; but examination shows that, besides the absence of barbels, it is peculiar in that the suborbital and interopercular bones, with the rami of the mandible, are greatly dilated, and bear septary lamin, which separate mucous cavities, relatively as large as those of Acerina or Percopsis. They extend in two series ; seven from the postorbital bone to the side of the end of the muzzle, and eight from the same point to the sym- physis mandibuli. The muzzle overlaps the mandible; no cartilage on the latter. Scales large, the usual surface exposed. Anal short, originating op- posite end of depressed dorsal. Origin of ventrals opposite first dorsal ray. Pharyngeal bones slender; teeth acutely uncinate-raptatory, without masti- catory surface, 4:1—0-4, I am not aware that any genus of Cyprinide is known to exist in America or the old world, which possesses the cavernous structure above mentioned. Traces of it may be observed on the interoperculum in certain genera, e. g., Hypsilepis. ; The suboperculum is small; operculum height to breadth as one and one- half to one. Head broad, muzzle obtusely rounded. Canthus of mouth op- posite nares. Length of head contained three and five-sixths times to origin of caudal; greatest depth (at dorsal) nearly five times in the same. Caudal peduncle elongate, not constricted. Eye large, contained a little more than three times in length of head, alittle more than frontal width. Origin of dorsal a little in advance of the point midway between end of muzzle and origin of caudal, its anterior ray equals half the distance from its base to an- terior nostril. Caudal furcate one-half its length. Ventrals barely reaching vent ; pectorals attaining ventrals. Scales 3 33; exposed portion with very numerous and delicate radii and concentric lines, not visible to the naked eye. A narrow space from vent to opposite middle of pectorals scaleless. Fins, DI. 8. C.4-17--. A. I. 8. V. 8. P. 12. Lateral line nearly straight. Along and above it is a lateral band of brown punctulations; general color above yellowish olive, the edges of the scales dark-shaded, and a narrow brown ver- tebral line from nape to tail. Below lateral line silvery. Dorsal and caudal fins rosy. Length from muzzle to opercular edge 7 1.; to dorsal fin 13 1.; to end of appressed anal 1 in. 9 1. ; to origin of caudal 2 in. 21. ; to end of caudal 2 in. 81. This species appears not to have come under the notice of Prof. Kirtland or of Rafinesque. It may be called Ericymba buccata. Descriptions of Eight new species of UNIO of the United States. BY ISAAC LEA. Unio poriARis.—Testa levi, elliptic’, valdé inflata, inequilaterali, posticé obtusé angulata, anticé rotundata; valvulis subtenuibus, anticé crassioribus ; natibus prominentibus, valdé inflatus ; epidermide virido-luted, radiis undique indutis; dentibus cardinalibus erectis, acuminatis, compresso-conicis crenu- latisque ; lateralibus sublongis, curvatis corrugatisque; marahiea alba et valdé iridescente. Hab.—Etowah River, Georgia. Rev. G. White. Unio prorensvs.—Testa levi, laté elliptica, subcompress4, valdé inzqui- laterali, posticé subbiangulata, anticé rotund’; valvulis subtenuibus, anticé aliquanto crassioribus; natibus prominulis; epidermide tenebroso-fusca, obsoleté radiata; dentibus cardinalibus minimis, obliquis striatisque; late- ralibus prelongis subcurvisque ; margarita vel ceruleo-alb& vel salmonia et iridescente. Hab.—North Carolina. Prof. E. Emmons, [May, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 89 Unio punctatus.—Testa levi, elliptica, ad latere planulata, valdé inzqui- laterali, posticé et anticé rotundata; valvulis crassis, anticé aliquanto crassi- oribus; natibus vix prominulis; epidermide olivacei; radiis punctatis undiqué indutis; dentibus cardinalibus parvis, compresso-conicis crenula- tisque; lateralibus longis, crassis subcurvisque; margarita argentea et iridescente. Hab.—Caney Fork, Tennessee, Dr. Edgar; and Tuscumbia, Alabama, B. Pybas. Unio AMABILIS.—Test4 levi, triangulari, subinflata, inequilaterali, postice angulatdi, anticé rotunda, valvulis crassiusculis, anticé crassioribus; natibus subprominentibus, ad apices undulatis ; epidermide vel luteola vel fuscescente, obsoleté radiata ; dentibus cardinalibus parvis, obliquis corrugatisque ; late- ralibus sublongis, obliquis corrugatisque ; margarit& vel alba vel dilute sal- monia et valdé iridescente. Hab.—Butler, Taylor Co., Georgia. H. M. Neisler. Unto Lyontr.—Test& levi, subrotunda, subcompressa, ineequilaterali ; val- vulis subcrassis, anticé crassioribus; natibus prominentibus; epidermide rufo-fusca, laté radiata ; dentibus cardinalibus subgrandibus, subcompressis corrugatisque; lateralibus crassis, obliquis subcurvisque ; pareantn diluté salmonia et valdé iridescente. Hab.—East Tennessee. Major S. 8. Lyon, U.S. E. Unio proprius.—Testa levi, oblong4, subinflaté, inequilaterali, posticé obtusé angulata, anticé rotunda; valvulis subtenuibus, anticé crassioribus ; natibus prominulis, ad apices undulatis ; epidermide luted, eradiata ; dentibus cardinalibus parvis, acuminatis, erectis, compressis; lateralibus sublongis subcurvisque; margarita vel purpurea vel salmonis colore tincta et irides- dente. Hab.—ULafayette, Georgia. Rev. G. White. Unio Cromwetii.—Testa levi, elliptica, subinflata, valde inequilaterali, posticé rotundata, anticé rotunda ; valvulis subtenuibus, anticé crassiusculis ; natibus subprominentibus, ad apices concentricis plicatis ; epidermide minuté striata, fusca vel virenti, radiaté ; dentibus cardinalibus parvis, compressis, corrugatis, in utroque valvulis duplicibus : lateralibus sublongis subcurvisque ; margarita purpurescente et valdé iridescente. Hlab.—Kiokee Creek, near Albany, Dougherty Co., Georgia. B. M. Crom- well, M. D. Unio MARGINIS.—Test& ellipticd, inflata, valdé inequilaterali, posticé et anticé rotundati; valvulis crassiusculis, anticé crassioribus; natibus sub- prominentibus; epidermide striatd, fusc&4, marginata, obsoleté radiata, den- tibus cardinalibus parviusculis, valdé crenulatis; lateralibus subcurtis rectisque ; margarita alba et valdé iridescente. Hab.—Blue Springs, Dougherty Co., Georgia. Bishop Elliott. An Examination of the Birds of the genus CHRYSOMITRIS, in the Museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. BY JOHN CASSIN. Genus CHRYSOMITRIS, Boie. (Genus Chrysomitris, Boie, Isis, 1828, p. 322.) 1. Chrysomitris. 1, CuRyYsomitRis sPinus, (Linnzus.) Fringilla spinus, Linn., Syst. Nat., i. p. 181, (1758.) Pl. Enl. 485. Gould, B. of Eur., pl. 197. Naum. , B. of Germ., pl. 125, 1865.] 90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF Numerous specimens from Europe. Two specimens, male and female, seem to be smaller, and may be C. pistacina, Bonap., Consp. Ay., i. p. 515. They are in adult plumage, and are quite identical with C. spinus in all characters except size, and a slightly greater elongation of the bill. Though evidently the preparations of one collector, these two specimens bear no reliable label indicating locality, 2. CHRYSOMITRIS SPINESCENS, Bonaparte. Chrysomitris spinescens, Bonap., Consp. Av., i. p. 517, (1850.) “Fringilla spinescens, Licht., Mus. Berol.” Bonap. ut supra. Several specimens, labelled South America. Of all of the birds of this group, this species is most nearly related to C. spinus of Europe, and in the greatest degree resembles it in colors. It is sufficiently described in Conspec- tus Avium, as above cited, and can be distinguished readily from any other species, though resembling in colors @. Yarrellii, (Aud.) The latter is smaller, with the bill larger, and having the yellow parts of the plumage clearer, or less tinged with green. , 3. CHRYSOMITRIS BARBATA, (Molina.) Fringilla barbata, Mol., Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chili, (1782), 2ded., p. 209, (1810.) Carduelis Stanleyi, Aud., Syn. B. of N. A., p. 118, (1839.) Chrysomitris marginalis, Bonap., Consp. Ay., i. p. 517, (1850.) Chrysomitris campestris, Gay, Hist. Chili, (not of Spix, Av. Bras.) Crithagra flavospecularis, Hartl. Naum., 1853, p. 213. Aud., B. of Am., oct. ed., iii. pl. 185. Gilliss’ Astronom. Exp. Chili, ii. pl. 17. Specimens from Chili in the Academy Museum and in the National Muse- -um; and, through the kindness of Professor Baird, I have also before me the original specimen of C. Stanleyi, Audubon, described and figured by that author as above. The last is either a young male or female, and has the general appearance of specimens collected and prepared by the late Dr. Town- send, several of which Audubon erroneously described as from California. A specimen of the same species, in much more mature plumage, is in the Academy Museum, from Dr. Townsend’s collection, and is labelled in his handwriting, “ Valpo. Chili, ¥', J. K. Townsend.” The specimens from Chili in the Academy, and those of Townsend and Audubon, are quite identical, and entitled to all the names above specified. The colors of this species are not fairly represented in Audubon’s plate, above referred to, though sufficiently accurate for the recognition of the fe- male, or of the male in imperfect plumage. The plate in Gilliss’ Rept. is better, though the transverse band on the wing is unmsually pale, and is generally yellow. The description by me in the same volume, (as cited above, p. 181,) is correct. Though having the black cap and black throat and general colors of the typical C. spinus, the bill in the present bird is much thicker, and the general organization more robust. The affinities of this species are, however, clearly in this group, but it is not so nearly related to Carduelis spinoides, Vigors, of India, as to be properly included in the same genus, which Dr. Cabanis considers probable (Mus. Hein., i. p. 161). That species, C. spinoides, is quite properly separated from Chrysomitris by that ex- cellent and distinguished ornithologist, and is the type of his genus Hypacan- this, though in my opinion not fully entitled to generic distinction, Its relations are, I think, tothe group Chlorospiza, Bonaparte, and especially to the species C. kawariba, C. sinica, and perhaps others. Specimens of this species, from tke collection made in Chili by Gilliss’ Expedition, have the transverse band on the wing nearly white, as represented in the plate cited above. ‘In all other respects they are identical with others in a collection made in Peru and Chili, and presented by the Hon. John Ran- dolph Clay, late Minister of the United States to the former country. They [May, ‘ NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 91 are identical, also, as stated above, with the types of Audubon’s C. Stanleyi, which were undoubtedly collected at Valparaiso, Chili, by Dr. Townsend. 4, CHRYSOMITRIS PINUS, (Wilson.) Fringilla pinus, Wils. Am. Orn., ii. p. 133, (1810.) Wils. Am. Orn., ii. pl. 17. Aud. B. of Am., pl. 180. Oct. ed., iii. pl. 180. Numerous specimens from various localities in North America, but pre- senting no important differences. This species shows in colors but little similarity or near relationship with any other of this group. It is well known, and a favorite with collectors in the Middle States of this Republic, as one of the specialities of winter shooting, and is best known in its winter plumage. The summer plumage ought to differ materially, judging from the seasonal changes that take place in C. ¢ristis and other species of this group. Speci- mens from Orizaba, Mexico, in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution, seem to be identical with others from the United States, and I fail to dis- cover in any of them the characters of C. macroptera, Du Bus. 2. Pyrrhomitris. 5. CHRYSOMITRIS CUCULLATA, (Swainson.) Carduelis cucullata, Swains., Zool. Ill., i. p. (not paged, 1820.) Fringilla Cubz, Gerv., Mag. Zool., 1835, p. (not paged.) Swains. Zool. Ill., i. pl. 7. Mag. Zool., 1835, pl. 44. Numerous specimens of both sexes, labelled “ Trinidad,” and, in one in- stance, ‘‘ Cayenne ;” and also one specimen in a collection made by Mr. Geo. Robbins, in Venezuela. The last, though in nearly mature plumage, is re- markable for having the transverse band on the wing dull yellow, instead of the usual pale red, and is the only instance of that description of variation that I have seen in this species. 3. Melanomitris. 6. CHRYSoMITRIS ATRATA, (D’Orbigny et Lafresnaye.) Carduelis atrata, D’Orb. et Lafres., Mag. Zool., 1837, p. 83. D’Orb., Voy. Am. Mer. Ois., pl. 48, fig. 2. One specimen in adult plumage, from Verreaux, and another not mature, from D'Orbigny’s collection. The former is almost precisely as given in the figure of D’Orbigny, as cited, but his description is different, and more like the present specimen from his collection, having the under parts from the breast mixed with pale yellow feathers. He says in his description in Voy. Amer. Mer. Ois., p. 364: “ subtus tota flava, gutture, collo, pectore hypochondriis- que fusco striatis.” The description in Mag. Zool., as above cited, is different, and applies strictly to the adult bird. 7. CHRYSOMITRIS UROPYGIALIS, Sclater. Chrysomitris uropygialis, Sclat., Cat. Am. B., p. 125, (1862.) Easily distinguished from the preceding by its yellow rump, and by having the entire under parts of the body and under wing coverts yellow. Specimens from Gilliss’ Exp. to Chili, now in the National Museum in charge of the Smithsonian Institution, were mistaken by me for the preceding, (C. atratus,) having at that time only the young specimen from D’Orbigny’s collection, to which I above allude, and relying on it for my determination of the species. 8. Curysomitris Bryantu, nobis. Resembling both of the preceding, but smaller, and with the entire upper parts, including the rump, clear lustrous black in the male, and with the head also black. Under parts of body, under wing coverts, and under tail 1865.] 92 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF coverts, yellow. Wing with a large transverse band of yellow, not including the first quill, and not extending longitudinally on the quills, but abruptly defined, (differing in that respect from both C. atratus and C. uropygialis.) Quills externally (in the male,) clear lustrous black, without paler margins, internally edged with pale yellow, forming a large spot of that color on the inferior surface of the wing. Sides of body mixed with black feathers. Tail black, all the feathers, except the two in the middle, with their bases yellow. Bill and feet dluish black, under mandible lighter at base. Female. Entire upper parts, including the head above, dark green, under parts greenish yellow, middle of abdomen and under tail coverts yellowish white. Wing brownish black, with a large transverse band of yellow, re- stricted, as in the male; tail brownish black, yellow at base. Total length 4} to 43 inches, wing 2} to 23, tail 1} to 13 inches, “ extent of wings 6% inches.” Hab. Dota, Costa Rica. Discovered by Mr. Julian Carmiol. Spec. in Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. This handsome little species is allied to C. atrata and C. uropygialis, and of the same general colors, but is much smaller than either, being little larger than C. mexicana and C. columbiana. It is easily distinguished by having the entire head and upper parts uniform lustrous black, and the under parts yellow. The large yellow spots on the wings are restricted, and do vot ex- tend longitudinally along the primary quills, as in the preceding and other species. This interesting little bird is dedicated to my friend Henry Bryant, M. D., of Boston, Mass., as a slight token of my respect for his many accomplish- ments as a gentleman and naturalist, and in pleasant remembrance of years of uninterrupted friendship. 4. Sporagra. 9. CHRYSOMITRIS MAGELLANICA, (Vieillot.) Fringilla magellanica, Vieill., Nouv. Dict., xii. p. 168, (1817.) Fringilla icterica, Licht. Verz., p. 26, (1823.) Fringilla campestris, Spix, Av. Bras., ii. p. 48, (1825.) Vieill., Ois. Chant., pl. 30. Aud., B. of Am., pl. 394. Oct. ed., iii. pl. 182. Numerous specimens from South America, in which there is not so much uniformity of specific characters as is desirable, though I find myself unable to trace sufficient regularity for distinction or separation. In specimens from Southern Brazil the black of the head seems to be more restricted, and ex- tends but slightly on the neck in front, and the light edgings of the quills and wing coverts are nearly obsolete. This appears to be the species figured by Audubon as above,and stated by him to have been obtained in Kentucky. 10. Curysomitris NoTata, (Du Bus.) Carduelis notuta, Du Bus., Bull. Acad. Bruss., 1847, p. 106. Numerous specimens from Mexico. Resembling the preceding, (C. magel- lanica,) but easily distinguished by its deep black wings, without paler edgings, though the extension of the black of the head on the neck in front is by no means a special nor reliable character of this species. Specimens in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution are from Mirador and Orizaba, Mexico, and from Gautemala. 5. Astragalinus. 11. CHRYSOMITRIS TRISTIS, (Linnzus.) Fringilla tristis, Linn., Syst. Nat., i. p. 181, (1758.) Fringilla Taria, Mill., Syst. Nat., Supp., p. 163, (1776.) Carduelis americana, Rich and Sw., Faun. Bor. Am., ii. p. 268, (1831.) Wils., Am. Orn, i. pl. 1. Aud., B. of Am., pl. 33. Oct. ed., iii. pl. 181. Buff., Pl. Enl., 292. [May, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 93 Numerous specimens, all of which are from North America. 12. Curysomitris YARRELLI, (Audubon.) Carduelis Yarrelli, Aud., Syn. B. of N. A., p. 117, (1839.) Aud., B. of Am., pl. 433, fig. 4,5. Oct. ed., iii. pl. 184. Three specimens, apparently adult male and female and young male, all of which have been labelled in Europe, ‘‘Orenoque.” Through the kindness of Prof. Baird, I have also before me the original specimen of Audubon, which seems to be entirely identical with the former, except that the quills are edged externally with greenish yellow, This bird is accurately figured by Audubon, as above cited, and is a strongly marked species, though apparently not known to ornithologists. At present I know of no other name for it, though it may have been given in another genus, on account of its thick and strong bill. Audubon’s specimen bears no indication of locality, though stated by him to have been from California, which I regard as probably erroneous. 13. Carysomitris Lawrencegt, (Cassin.) Carduelis Lawrencei, Cass., Proc. Acad., Philada., v. p. 105, (1850.) Pr. Acad., Philada., v. pl. 5. Now well known as a bird of the western countries of North America, though apparently not found abundantly by collectors. This curious little bird does not intimately resemble any other in its colors or general specific characters. 6. Pseudomitris. 14, CuRysomITRIS PSALTRIA, (Say.) Fringilla psaltria, Say, Long’s Exp., ii. p. 40, (1823.) ia Bonap., Am. Orn.,i. pl. 6. Aud., B. of Am., pl. 394. Oct. ed., iii, pl. 183. Specimens from California. Apparently an abundant species in the western countries of North America; carefully figured by Bonaparte, as above cited, and sufficiently so for recognition by Audubon. The assignment of this species and the two immediately succeeding to this genus, I regard as probably erroneous. 15. CuRYSOMITRIS MEXICANA, (Swainson. ) Carduelis mexicana, Sw., Phil. Mag , 1827, p. 435. Fringilla melanoxantha, Wagl., Isis, 1831, p. 525, Fringilla texensis, Giraud, B. of Tex., p. 21, (1841.) Chrysomitris nana, Bonap., Consp. Av., i. p. 516, (1850.)? q Baird, U. S. and Mex. Bound. Rept., pl. 16. B.of N. A., pl. 54. Giraud, B. of Tex., pl. 5. é From Mexico and Lower California. One specimen, labelled “ Valparaiso,’’ in the hand-writing of M. Victor Massena. Distinguishable from the next species (C. columbiana,) only by several of the outer tail feathers being white, —a character liable to some variation, several specimens which I assign to this species having only a trace of white, and, in fact, with this character so little developed as to present a difficulty somewhat in specific distinction. Specimens of this little bird in the museum of the Smithsonian Institu- tion are from Texas and New Mexico, and have also been received from Costa Rica, in the interesting collections of Mr. Julian Carmiol. 16. Curysomirris corumBraNna, Lafresnaye. Chrysomitris columbiana, Lafres., Rev. Zool., 1843, p. 292. Specimens labelled “Bogota” and “ Amerigq. Merid,” Singularly like the preceding, but with the tail entirely black. 1865.] 94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF The three last species, here given as C. psaltria, C. mexicana, and C. columbi- ana, and so given also generally by modern authors, I regard as very probably not belonging to this genus. In my opinion these little birds are more nearly related to the group given by Dr. Sclater as Cyanospizine, and possibly are entitled to generic distinction. June 6th. Mr. CassINn, Vice-President, in the Chair. Twenty-one members present. The following papers were presented for publication : ‘‘ Descriptions of new species of Fossils from the Marshall Group of Michigan, &c.” By Alexander Winchell. “ Descriptions of new species of Eocene Tertiary Fossils.” By R. P. Whitfield. : Dr. Leidy exhibited some bones and teeth of Horses from California and Oregon, recently submitted to his examination by Prof. J.D. Whitney. He stated that fossil remains of Horses had been found throughout the length and breadth of the North American continent. They had been obtained from the frozen cliffs of Eschscholtz Bay, in Arctic America, and from Honduras in Central America; from New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, Louisiana, Missouri, Ne- braska and Texas. Many of the remains are undistinguishable in anatomical character from corresponding bones and teeth of the domestic horse ; others are comparatively large, though not larger than in the largest variety of the latter, but their molar teeth exhibit a more complex folding of the enamel than is seen in the domestic horse. Dr. L. considers it probable that the fossils represent several extinct species, all differing from the living horse, though this was not a matter of demonstration. Most of the remains from California, among them an entire skull, are un- changed in appearance, and are undistinguishable from corresponding parts of the Mustang, or recent Indian Horse of the West, though taken from au- riferous gravel a considerable depth from the surface. Among the California specimens are several molar teeth having more the general appearance of true fossils than the others, though they are also but slightly changed. Two of them are second upper molars from different indi- viduals, of more robust proportions than any of the recent.looking specimens, and equal in this respect to the corresponding teeth found anywhere. One of the teeth was taken from auriferous clay at a depth of thirty feet below the surface, in Tuolumne County, and is slightly infiltrated with oxide of iron. The other was obtained from a bed of asphaltum, in company with a last lower molar, near Beuna Vista Lake, and is impregnated with bitumen. These two upper molars, strongly resembling each other, differ from the more recent looking specimens, and from the corresponding teeth of the domestic horse, in the remarkable degree of simplicity of the enamel folding, as seen on the triturating surfaces. They differ in another circumstance, which is perhaps accidental, or at least was dependent on the peculiar character of the food, that is to say, the triturating surface, in both specimens, is remarka- bly flat, whereas, in the horse ordinarily it is worn into two transverse hills. Dr. L. was disposed to view these teeth as representing a species different from any heretofore indicated, and proposed for it the name of Equus occi- dentalis. The measurement of the specimens are as follows: Antero-pos- terior diameter of triturating surface 14} lines, 15} lines; transverse diameter of do. 124 lines, 134 lines. [June, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 95 June 13th. Mr. Cassin, Vice-President, in the Chair. Nineteen members present. June 20th. Mr. Cassin, Vice-President, in the Chair. Sixteen members present. The following papers were presented for publication : “ New species of Mordellide.”’ By C. A. Helmuth, M. D. “Note on the species of Myodites,’’ and “ Notes on the species of Harpalus, &c.’’ By John L. LeConte, M. D. “On a new Genus of Serranine.”” By Theo. Gill. The death was announced of Mr. William Parker Foulke, member of the Academy, on the 18th inst. By resolution, Mr. Aubrey H. Smith was requested to prepare a biographical notice of Mr. Foulke for publication in the Proceedings. Dr. Leidy directed the attention of the members to some shells, bones, fragments of pottery, &c., which had been recently obtained at Cape Hen- lopen. He stated that, during the last week, he had accompanied a small party in a steamboat excursion to the Delaware Breakwater. The boat having anchored inside the latter, he went ashore opposite the little town of Lewes and strolled along the beach towards the light-house. About halfa mile inland, and about a mile from Lewes, he observed large accumulations of shells. These extended over a space of about half a mile, at the foot of a high sand dune which had encroached upon and partly destroyed a forest of pine and cedar trees. The accumulations of shells consist mainly of those of oysters and clams, many of large size, but most of them small, and gene- rally more or less comminuted, as if by the action of fire. The loose white sand of the piles, when scraped from the surface, exhibited intermingled black pulverulent matter, apparently carbonaceous, and in some places pieces of charcoal. Many fragments of rude pottery were strewed among the shells, being of the sort made by the Indians, and consisting of baked clay with powdered shells. Some of the fragments are coarsely ornamented on the ex- terior. On scraping the sand and shells at random, a clay smokinrg-pipe was discovered. The specimen, exhibited by Dr. Leidy, is about four inches long, and has a conical bowl, bent at an obtuse angle from a thick stem and ornamented with bands and triangles of points. A few rude arrow heads and many smaJl chips of yellow and red jasper were found among the heaps. In one of the piles portions of a human skeleton were discovered, of which Dr. L. exhibited fragments of the skull, jaws, and a humerus. Dr. L. observed that, notwithstanding the interest of this North American Indian “ Kjékkenmédding,’ or kitchen refuse heap, he had but an hour to examine it. ; The part of Cape Henlopen on which the accumulations are situated is composed of loose white sand with few pebbles or shells, and is remarkably barren. Oysters and clams are not now found living within some miles of the shell heaps. The Captain of the steamboat, who lived at Lowes, stated that the heaps were known to the neighboring people under the name of Indian heaps. 1865.] 96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF June 27th. Mr. Cassin, Vice-President, in the Chair. Thirteen members present. On Report of the respective Committees, the following papers were ordered to be published : New Species of MORDELLIDZ collected in Illinois. BY C. A. HELMUTH, M.D. MORDELLA. M. lunulata. Anal style long, slender. Last joint of maxillary palpi scalene triangular. Black; head, margins of thorax, scutellum, basal margin of elytra, a humeral lunule and ‘suture cinereous pubescent, beneath vent with cinereous and black. -18. MORDELLISTENA. M. intermixta. Hind tibie with two equal ridges; first joint of hind tarsi with two, second with one ridge. Black; mouth, front legs and elytra piceous ; pubescence of elytra dark brown, with light hairs intermixed. -10. M. auricoma. Hind tibie with two equal ridges; first joint of hind tarsi with three, second with two ridges. Black, linear; pubescence brown sericeous; head, antenne, anterior half of thorax, front and middle legs fer- ruginous. ‘ll. M. nigerrima. Hind tibiw with two ridges, the anterior one extending across the tibia; first joint of hind tarsi with three, second with two ridges. Narrow, entirely black; pubescence grayish. :09. Note on the Species of MYODITES Latr. inhabiting the United States. BY JOHN L. LE CONTE, M.D. The species of this genus are found on the flowers of Solidago, in the months of August and September. As they are not much sought after by collectors, several species probably yet remain to be discovered. The following analytical table will separate the species now before me. The measurements are decimals of an English inch: Abdomen yellow; podex piceous ; elytra yellow, immaculate. *36. Vertex prominent, acutely carinated........ Spb soeuconacee -l.scaber Lec. *30. Vertex prominent, not carinated............0- -2.semiflavusn. sp. Abdomen of both sexes black. *24. Vertex obtusely rounded, elytra yellow. 3. luteipennis xz. sp. °28. Vertex prominent, slightly carinated ; elytra sparsely punctured, with the base and outer margin black............ Kees mascecceraceone4. f B/81C lant IS, ec. -20. Vertex acutely prominent and carinated; elytra densely punctured, with the base and outer margin blackish........ wseeee-.e---0. Walshiin, sp. -12—14. Vertex slightly but acutely prominent; elytra fuscous; middle and tip pale........ sacebes: deeree> ae dead bisole siete uees ance Bayt em 1 Hen gth Ol PPOMyS coca escent wsesce eceeesee-dacenc-ncora=aecre de per Tb ADR ey cies rah le 5 hae 3,6 42 The above measurements are to be understood as made in right lines. The muzzle of the asthenops is less elongate, with the premaxillaries much more depressed than Dr. Gray represents to be the case in his D. euphro- syne, (Zool. Ereb. and Terror, t, 22.) and the number of the teeth is con- siderably less thaninhis D.alope. The habitat is not known. The cranium representing the variety above mentioned may really belong to another species. It differs from the eu p hrosyne in the longer triangle, muzzle, and gonys, (and smaller number of teeth). It differs from our speci- men of the styx in the smaller size, obsolete orbitosphenoid fossa, longer triangle, and longer gonys. The last measures four-fifths of the width at the notch; inthe sty x one-half or less. Habitat unknown ; from the Morton Coll. 499 Length from notch to occipital condyle. ..............ssceceecen conceecnenee 53 in. oe se He middle of supraoccipital crest........66. veces 43 “ ae Oe os end of muzzleccuseseveccsee torte. ee eee TE a Width of muzzlée’at notclss././ eR eiessaceeensess. | een eahmoens seeeceeete ss so on He Ma GU ke rgodtisdooe. wadnbognic pods SRG oRsegOOS Milaslesjaisinees sels Layee ‘¢ between outlines of frontal expansions........ eee ee ibe #6 ‘s bite astemmporalicrests)...00. CORRESPONDENCE. 289 Royal Academy of Sciences, Madrid, April 28th, and May 3d, 1865; Imperial Academy of Sciences, &c., Lyons, Oct. 30th, 1864; severally ac- companying donations to the Library. Museum of Bergen, Norway, April 24th, 1865, acknowledging receipt of the Proceedings. Natural History Society of Prussian Rheinlands and Westphalia, March ae 1865, acknowledging the receipt of the Proceedings and Journal. Microscopical Society, London, May 11th, 1865, in reply to a letter con- cerning deficiencies and acknowledging receipt of Proceedings. Royal Horticultural Society of South Kensington, May 25th, 1865, in reply to a letter concerning deficiencies and accompanying donation to Library. Public Museum of Buenos Ayres; } Natural History Society, Hannover, Feb. 15th, 1865 ; Council of Improvement annexed to the Royal Technicological Institute of Palermo, dated July 29th, 1865, accompanying donations to the Library and asking exchange. October 3d.—Lyceum of Natural History, New York, Sept. 11th, 1865, ac- knowledging the receipt of the Proceedings of the Academy. October 17th.—Dr. G. Hartlaub, Bremen, Sept. 21st, 1865 ; India Office Library, Westminister, Sept. 27th, 1865; each asking supply of deficiencies. October 24th.—Albany Institute, Oct. 16th, acknowledging the receipt of the Proceedings. Secretaries of the House of Bishops and of the House of Clerical and Lay Deputies of the Protestant Episcopal Convention, Oct. 19th and 20th, ac- knowledging the invitation to visit the Museum of the Academy and return- ing thanks therefor. November 14th.—Swiss Society for the General Natural Sciences of Berne ; Natural History Society of Berne, Dec. 6th, 1864 ; acknowledging receipt of Proceedings. Royal Asiatic Society, June 19th, 1865; Royal Academy of Sciences, &c., Padua, June 15th, 1865; acknowledging receipt of Proceedings and accompanying donations to the Library. Society of Natural Sciences in Wurtemberg, Stuttgard, June Ist, 1865, ac- knowledging receipt of Proceedings, asking supply of deficiencies and ac- companying donation to Library. Natural History Society, Emden, Aug. Ist, 1865, accompanying donations to the Library. Natural History Society, Danzig, May 8th, 1865, accompanying donation to Librar eee of Natural History of New York, Oct. 23d, 1865, acknowledging receipt of the Proceedings. December 5th.—Dr. Robert Bridges, declining re-election to the office of President of the Academy. December 19th—Prof. Leo Lesquereux, Nov. 25, 1865, acknowledging his election as correspondent. Imperiale Institute of France, Nov. 6th, 1865; Royal Academy of Sciences of Madrid, ’ acknowledging receipt of Proceed- ings. DONATIONS TO THE MUSEUM. 1865. Anderson, Wm. Sept. 12th. Fossil vertebre of a whale. York River, Va. Burtt, Dr. J. L. July 11th. Two Mercenaria, from the Miocene, 390 feet from the surface at Fort Monroe. Canby, W. M. Sept. 5th. Two fishes from Isle of Shoals, N. H. Chicago Academy of Sciences. eb. 14th. Three species of Mammals, 10 species of Birds, and about 50 species of Birds’ Eggs. Cope, E. D. June 20th. Twospecies of Myriapoda. July 1lth. Thirty speci- mens of 7 species of Batrachia, 319 specimens, 70 species of Fishes ; from Western Pennsylvania, Michigan and Europe. ‘ Corse, Dr. Jas. M. Dec. 19th. Skeleton of the Codfish, Alligator and Dog. Mounted Bull-frog. Da Costa, J. Feb. 14th. Tooth of Oxyrhina. Mullica Hill, N. J. Du Bois, A. March 7th. Three specimens of Auriferous Pyrites, 1 Aurifer- ous Quartz, Calcedony, Fossil Wood and Fossil Coral. From South Park, Colorado. Garnett, Mr., U.S. N. June 6th. Male flowers of a species of Palm from South America, through Dr. Greenbank. : Glover, Ridgway. Oct. 3d. Fossil Trionyx Fragment. Camden Co., N. J. Guillou, C. Mr. May 23d. Four Viviparous Fishes from California, and a speci- men of Stalactical Lava, from a Lava cave of Sandwich Isles. Hamlin, Dr. A.C. Dec. 19th. Large mass of Sulphuret of Copper. From Ducktown Mines, Tenn. Hoopes, B. A. Feb. 14th. Native Copper, Lake Superior. Klett, Frederick. Oct. 10th. Pyrhotine from Vermont. Six specimens of oolitic phosphates of lime and alumina, and a fossil coral from the Island of Navassa. Some human bones and stone axes from a guano deposit at the depth of eight inches. From the Island of Orchilla, W. I. Lea, Isaac. eb. 21st. Phlogopite, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., do. Jefferson Co., N. Y. Steatite, Chester Co., Pa. Octohedral Iron, Chester Co., Pa. Staurotide, Del. Co., Pa. March 14th. Marmolite, 2 Lithomarge, Arra- gonite, Actinolite, Melanite, Carbonate of Lime, Blue Quartz and Cubi- cal Pyrites from Chester Co., Pa. Anthracite from Calcareous Sand- rock, Little Falls, N. Y. May 16th. Twenty-one species of Fresh Water Shells, types. May 23d. Specimens of Mica from Delaware Co., and Quartz and Clinochlore from Chester Co. Nov. 14th. Cyanite and As- bestus with Actinolite from Chester Co., Necronite from Newcastle, Del. | Nov. 21st. Lymnea Pingellii, L. Groenlandica, L. Apicana from Green- land and St. Lawrence River. Leidy, Dr. Jos. Sept. 19th. Lampugus punctulatus. Nov. 21st. Lymneza oleacea, L, lanceata, L. catascopium, from Lake Superior. Lesley, J.P. Mov. 14th. A collection of Devonian Fossils. From Gaspé Bay at the mouth of the St. Lawrence River. Letterman, Dr. Jona. Feb. 141k. Tooth of Mastodon. Oman, Benj. Sept. 12th. Specimens of Hyalea from Newport, R. If. Mactier, Wm. L. Sept. 12th. Five specimens of fossils from the limestone formation near the Ottowa River, 20 miles from Montreal, Ca. Manigault, Gabriel E. June 20th. Finely mounted skeleton of a Monkey of South America, and an Owl. Miles, Prof. Manly. June 20th. Four species of Myriapoda. Newton, Mr. April 11th. Large Spider from Brazil. 4 Norris, Thaddeus. Oct. 24th. Leiostomus obliquus, Caranx defensor and Labrax pallidus. From Newport, R. I. DONATIONS TO MUSEUM. 291 Picking, Lieut. H. F. Aug. 15th. Loligo. Powel, S. May 16th. Foraminiferous Sand, Newport, R. I. Reptiles and Insects, a collection of, June 6th. Ridgeway, Dr. T. E. July 11th. Fruit, leaves and woods of Sequoia gigan- tea, California. Romanowsky, H. June 13th. Thirty-six species of Jurassic, Cretaceous, De- vonian and Silurian Fossils from Russia. Ruschenberger, Dr. W. S. W. June 13th. Specimens of Vellela from the Pacific Ocean. iii Dr. Sept. 19th. Specimen of Sombrero Guano. Chiton from Som- rero. Scattergood, Geo. J. May 16th. Vertebre of Hyposaurus Rogersii from White Horse, Camden Co., N. J. Sheafer, P. W. eb. 14th. Anthracite Coal, Sullivan Co., Pa. Shells, four hundred species from Mazatlan and Cape St. Lucas. Purchased by the Academy. - Slack, Dr. J. H. Nov. 21st. Cardium Spillmani from Monmouth Co., N. J. Smithsonian Institution. May 9th. A collection of marine shells of about 800 species, of which 300 are new to the Museum of the Academy, principally from the collection of Wilkes’ Exploring Expedition. May 23d. A collection of Fossils from the Marl of New Jersey, obtained by F. B. Meek. A collection of Fossils, of the U. S. Exploring Expedition, from Oregon and Australia, types of Dana’s Geology of the U. 8. Exploring Expedition. A collection of 93 species of fossils from the Upper Mis- souri, collected by Lieut. Warren and Dr. Hayden. June 20th. Fifteen species of Myriapoda. Souder, Edward A. Oct. 3d. Cryolite from Ivigtut, Arksuk Fiord, Green- land. Stellwagen, H.S. Sept. 5th. Sculptured fragment of marble from Baalbec. Tarbé, Prosper. May 23d. A small collection of tertiary fossils from Au- teuil, France. Thayer, Jas. G. Sept. 12th. Large slab of stone with fossil plant. Thomson, J. H. Dec. 19th. Thirty-two species of terrestrial shells from Tahiti. Trautwine, J.C. Jan. 3d. Earthy Vivianite. Allentown, N. J. Tryon, Geo. W. May 16th. Nineteen species of fresh water shells, types. Sixty-six species of land and marine shells new to the collection. Oct. 3d. Sixty-five species of land and fresh water shells. Nov. 21st. Nine- teen species of land and fresh water shells, principally from Syria and Algiers. Two Serpents from Hilton Head. Sept. 12th. : Vaux, Wm. S. Nov. 21st. Fine large specimen of Rutile from Lancaster Co., Pa. Dec. 5th. A collection of fossils from Oriskany Sandstone of Muncy Hills, Pa. Skeleton of a small species of Ichthyosaurus, a verte- bra of a large species of Ichthyosaurus, series of five vertebra of do., three bones of do., large coprolite, vertebra of Plesiosaurus. Jaws of an Ichthyosaurus, dorsal spine of Hybodus reticulatus, two fishes, a Nau- tilus and a fragment of fossil wood. Fromthe Liasof England, A fossil shell from Syria. Vinal, W. J. Oct. 3d. Sal Ammoniac of anthracite from Mauch-chunk. Ware, Maj. J.B. July 11th. Two specimens of Auriferous Pyrites. Colora- do Territory. Warner, John. Jan. 3d. Two hundred species of alpine plants from the Vicinity of Zermatt, Switzerland. Wilcocks, Dr. Alex. June 20th. Skeleton of a Hawk. Deposited. Wilson, Rathmell. May 9th. A small collection of woods and geological specimens. Presented by Mr. Rathmell Wilson, Executor of the Estate of Dr. T. B. Wilson. Wood, Dr. H. C. June 20th. Five species of Myriapoda. Woolman, Jas. May 16th. Fire Clay from Plainville. DONATIONS TO THE LIBRARY. 1865. JOURNALS AND PERIODICALS. DENMARK. Christiania. Forhandlingar i Videnskabs—Selskabet. Aar., 1863. Copenhagen. Videnskabilge Meddelelser fra den naturhistoriske Forening i Kjobenhavn. 1863. From the Society. HOLLAND. Stockholm. Ofversigt af K. Vetenskaps Akademiens Forhandlingar. Tjugonde Argangen. 1863, Nos. 1—10. 1864. From the Society. Altenburg. Mittheilungen aus dem Osterlande. 16 Band, 4e3 Heft. 1864. From the Society. Berlin. Zeitschrift fiir die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften. Jahrg., 1863. Band 22, 1863. From the Society. Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte. 29 Jahrg., 6es Heft to 31 Jahrg., 2es Heft. From the Editor. Wochenschrift des Vereines zur Beforderung des Gartenbaues. Nos. 30, 1864, to 30, 1865. From the Society. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft. 16 Band, 3 and 4 Heftes; 17 Band, les Heft. From the Society. Berliner Entomologischer Zeitschrift. Ser Jahrg., 3es and 4es Heftes, Yer Jahrg. Vierteljabresheft. From the Berlin Entomological Society. Physikalische und Mathematische Abhandlungen der K. Akademie der Wissenschaften. Aus dem Jahre., 1863. From the Society. Sitzungsberichte, of the same. From 48 Band, 5 Heft, to 50 Band, 2 Heft. From the Society. Verzeichniss der Abhandlungen Gelehrter Gesellschaft, &c., in der Bibliothek der K. P. Akademie der Wissenschaften. 1864. From the Society. Monatsberichte der K. P. Akad. der Wissen. 1864. From the Society. Bonn. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorische Vereines der Preus. Rheinlands und Westphalens. 2ler Jahrg., 2es Heft. From the Society. Bremen. VIII. Jahres-Bericht des Instituts fiir Schwedische Heil-Gym- nastik in Bremen. 1865. From the Director. Danzig. Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. Neue Folge. len Bend, les and 2es Heftes. From the Society. Darmstact. Notizblatt des Vereins fiir Erdkunde und verwandte Wissen- schaften. III. Folge, III. Heft. 1864. From the Society. Dresden. Novorum Actorum Academie Czsaree Leopoldino-Caroline Germanice Nature Curiosorum. Tome3l. From the Soeiety. DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. 293 Emden. Neunundvierzigster und fiinfzigster Jahresberichtes der Naturfor- schenden Gesellschaft. 1863. From the Society. Erlangen. Jahresbericht iiber die Fortschritte in der Biologie im Jahres. 1843—1853. Herausg. von Dr. Canstatt und Dr. Eisenmann. Four Vols. 1844—1853. From the Library Fund. Frankfurt-am-main. Der Zoologische Garten. Ser Jahrg., Nos. 7—12; Ger Jahrg., Nos. 1—6. 1865. From the Editors. ' Freiburg. Berichte tiber die Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesell- schaft zu Freiburg. Band, III.; Heft, II. 1864. From the Society. Giessen. Untersuchungen zur Naturlehre des Menschen und der ‘hiere. 9 Band, 5es Heft. From the Library Fund. Gottingen. Nachrichten von der K. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und der Georg-Augusts-Universitit aus dem Jahre 1864. From the Society. Gorlitz. Abhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 12er Band. From the Society. Halle. Abhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 9en Bandes, les Heft. From the Society. Hannover. Vierzehnter Jahresbericht der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft. , 1865. From the Society. Leipzig. Jahrbuch fiir wissenschaftliche Botanik. 4er Band, 2es Heft. From the Executors of the late Dr. Wilson. Munich. Sitzungsberichte der K. B. Akademie der Wissenschaften. 1863, Il., Heft, II., to 1864, II., Heft, II. From the Society. Annalen der K. Sternwarte. 13er Band,and 4er Supplement band. 1863— 64. From the Society. Abhandlungen der Philos.-Philol. Class der K. B. Akademie der Wissen- schaften. 10en Band, les Abth. From the Society. Neubrandenburg. Archiv des Vereins der Freunde der Naturgeschichte in Meklenburg. 18 Jahrg. From the Society. Nurnberg. Abhandlungen der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Nurnberg, III. Band, Halfte. 1864. From the Society. Offenbach-am-Main. Fiinfter Bericht des Offenbacher Vereins fur Naturkunde. 1864. From the Society. Regensburg. Abhandlungen des Zoologisch-Mineralogischen Vereines in Regensburg. Neuntes Heft. 1864. From the Society. Correspondenz-Blatt of the same. 28 Jahrg. From the Society. Stettin. Entomologische Zeitung. 1864. 25er Jahrg. From the Ento- mological Society of Stettin. Amtlicher Bericht tiber die 38te Versammlung Deutscher Naturforscher und Arzte. Sept., 1863. From the Society. Stuttgart. Neues Jahrbuch fiir Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie. Jahrg., 1864, 6es and Tes Heft. From the Editors. Wiirttembergische Naturwissenschaftliche Jahreshefte. 19 er Jahrg., 2es und 3es Heft; 20er Jahrg., les, 2es and 3es Heft. 21 Jahrg., les Heft. 1863—64—65. From the Editors. Vienna. Jahrbuch der K. K. Geologischen Reichsanstalt. 1864. 14 Band, No. 3,to 15 Band, No. 2. From the Society. Denkschriften der K. Akademie der Wissenschaften. Math-Naturw. Classe. 23er Band. From the Society. Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift. Band VIII. From the Editors. Verhandlungen der K. K. Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft. XIV. Band. 1864. From the Society. Wiirzburg. Wirzburger Naturwissenschaftliche Zeitschrift. Vierter Band, IL., to 5er Band, 4es Heft. 1864. From the Physikalische Medicinischen Gesellschaft. 294 DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. SWITZERLAND. Basel. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 4er Theil, les Heft. From the Society. Geneva. Bibliotheque Universelle. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles. Nouvelle Periode. Tome 21, No. 83, to Tome 24, No. 93. Also Tome 9, No. 35; Tome 10me, Nos. 383—40 ; Tome 1lme, Nos. 41— 44; Tome 16me, No. 61. From the Editors. Mémoires de la Société de Physique et D’Histoire Naturelle. Tome 17, . 2d Partie. From the Society, Lausanne. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles. Tome VIII., Bulletins 51 and 52. From the Society. Neuchatel. Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Naturelles. Tome 6me, 3me Cahier. RUSSIA. St. Petersburg. Bulletin de L’Academie Imperiale des Sciences, Tome 5, No. 6, to Tome 7, No. 2. From the Academy. Memoirs of the Same. Tome 5, No. 2, to Tome 6, No. 12. From the Academy. Hore Societatis Entomologice Rossice. Fasc. Primus et secundus. 1863. From the Society. Moscow. Bulletin de la Société Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou. 1863 and 1864. From the Society. BELGIUM. Bruxelles. Memoires Couronnés et autres Memoires publie par L’Academie Royale des Sciences, &c., de Belgique. Collection in 8vo. Tome 15, 4to, Tome 31. From the Society. Memoires of the Same. Tome 34. From the Society. Bulletin of the Same. Tomes 15—17. From the Society. Annuaire of the Same. 30me Année. From the Society. Louvain. Annuaire del’Université Catholique de Louvain. Année Bissextile. 1864, 28me Année. From the University. Sixteen Religious Theses. From the Same. FRANCE. Angers. Memoires de la Société Academique de Maine et Loire. 3me to 6me Volume. From the Society. Bordeaux. Mémoires de la Société des Sciences physiques et naturelles. Tome III., ler Cahier. 1864. From the Society. Actes de Academie Imp. des Sciences, &.. 3e Serie, 1864. ler to 4me. Trimestres. From the Society. Actes de la Société Linnéenne. Tome 24, le Livr, to Tome 25, 3me Livr. From the Society. « Caen. Bulletin dela Société Linnéenne de Normandie. 9me Vol. From the Society. Cherbourg. Memoires de la Société Impériale des Sciences Naturelles. Tome 10. From the Society. Dijon. Memoires de l’Academie Impériale des Sciences, Arts et Belles- Lettres. Année, 1863. From the Society. Lyon. Annales de la Sociéte Linnéenne. Annee 1863—1864. Nouvelle Serie. Tome 10me and llme. From the Society. Annales de la Société des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles. 3me Serie, Tome 7. From the Society. Memoires de L’Academie Imperiale des Sciences, &c. Classe des Sciences, Tome 13me, Classe des Lettres. Tomellme. From tke Society. Bulletin of the Meetings of the same. 1865. From the Society. DONATIUNS TO LIBRARY. 295 Montpellier. Académie des Sciences et Lettres. Mémoires dela Section des Sciences. Tome III., Fase. 1—3. From the Society. Paris. Annales des Sciences Naturelles. From Tome II., Zoology, No. 5, and Tome 1, Botany, No. 6, to Zoology, Tome 4, No. 2, and Botany, Tome Ill., No. 5. From the Library Fund. Revue et magasin de Zoologie. Recueil mensuel par M. F. E. Guerin- Meneville. 1864, No. 10, to 1865, No. 10. From the Editors. Bulletin mensuel dela Société Imperiale Zoologique d’Acclimatation. 2me Series. Tome ler, No. 10, Oct. 1864, to Tome II., No. 7. From the Society. , Annales des Mines. 6me Serie, vol. v. 3e Livr. de 1864, to vol. vii. Livr. 2. From the Minister of Public Works, France. Journal de Conchyliologie. Tome IV., Nos. 3 and 4. 3me Serie. Tome V., Nos. 1 to 3. From the Editors. Comptes Rendus des Séances et Mémoires dela Société de Biologie. Tome 5me de la3me Serie. 1864. From the Society. Congres Scientifique de France. 28me Session, Tomes lme to5me. From Mons. Ghas, Des Moulins. Journal de l’Anatomie et de la physiologie, No. 6. From the Library Fund. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 4me Serie, Tome 4me. From the Society. ITALY. Bologna. Rendiconto delle Sessioni dell’Academia delle Scienze dell’Istituto di Bologna. 1863—64. from the Society. Memoirs of the same. Serie Il., Tomo 3 and Tomo 4, Fasc. 1. From the Academy. Palermo. Giornale dé Scienze Naturali et Economiche publicato per cura del consiglio di perfezionamento annesso al R. Istituto Technico di Palermo. Vol. i., Fasc. 1 and 2. From the Institute. z Giornale del Reale Instituto D’Incoraggiamento di Agricultura, Arti. e Manifattura in Sicilia. Terza Serie, Anno 1, Nos. 1—6. 1863. From the Society. Padova. Revista Periodica dei Lavori della I. R. Academia di Scienze, Xc., 21—26. 1862—65. From the Society. , SPAIN. Madrid. Memorias de la R. Academia de Ciencias exactas fisicas y naturales. Tomes II. Il]. IV. Ciencias fisicas, Tomo 1, part 3, T. 3, parte 1; Ci- encias exactas, Tomo 1, parte 2, Tomo 2, parts 1 and 2. 1863—64. From the Society. Resumen de las Actas, of the same. 1863. From the Society. GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. Dublin. The transactions of the Royal Irish Academy. Vol. 24. Polite Lit- erature, part 1; Science part 3; Antiquities, parts 1 and 2, 1864. From the Society. Proceedings of the same. Vol. 8, parts 1—7, 1864. From the Society. Journal of the Royal Dublin Society. Nos. 32 and 33. From the Society. Journal of the Geological Society. Vol. 10, part 2. From the Society. Edinburgh. Proceedings of the Royal Society. Session 1863—64. Vol. 5, No. 62. From the Society. Transactions of the same, Vol. 22, part3. From the Society. Transactions of the Botanical Society. Vol. 8, part 2. From the Society. Leeds. Report of the Proceedings of the Geologival and Polytechnic Society of the West Riding of Yorkshire, 1863—4. From the Society. Forty-fourth Report of the Council of the Leeds Philosophical and Lit- erary Society. 1863—4. From the Society. 296 DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. Liverpool. Proceedings of the Literary and Philosophical Society, No. 18. From the Society. London. The Athen#um Journal of English and Foreign Literature, Science, &c. Parts 442 to 444. From the Executors of the late Dr. Wilson. The Reader. Vol. 4, No. 104. From the Editors. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. New Series, vol. 1, parts 1 and 2, 1864. From the Society. The Ibis. Vols. 1—6, 1859—64. From the Library Fund. Proceedings of the Royal Horticultural Society. Vol. 4, No. 8, to vol. 5, No. 7. From the Society. The Journal of the Society of Arts and of the Institutions in Union. Vol. 12, 1864. From the Society. Proceedings of the Royal Institutions of Great Britain. Vol. 4, part 4, Nos. 39, 40. From the Society. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society. Vol. 20, part 4, vol. 21, part 1. List of members. From the Society. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Vol. 13, Nos. 68 and 69. From the Society. Transactions of the same. Vol. 154, parts 1 and2. From the Society. Transactions of the Entomological Society. Vol. 2, parts 2, 3 and 4, vol. 3, part 1. From the Society. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Nos. 83—87. From the Li- brary Fund. London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine. Nos. 190—195. From the Library Fund. Notes and Queries. Parts 34—38. From the Editors. The Journal of the Chemical Society. New Series, from Oct. 1864 to June 1865. From the Society. Quarterly Journal of the Microscopical Society. New Series, Nos. 17 and 18. From the Executors of the late Dr. Wilson. The Natural History Review. Vol. 2. From the Editors. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society, for the year 1864, parts 1,2 and 3. From the Society. Transactions of the same. Vol. 5, part 4. From the Society. Trubner’s American and Oriental Literary Record. Nos.1to 8. From the Publishers. UNITED STATES. Albany. Transaclions of the Albany Institute. Vol. 4, 1858—64, From the Institute. Transactions of the Society for the Promotion of Useful Arts. Vol. 4, part 2,1819. From the same. Boston. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History. Vol. 9, pp. 305 to end of volume, and vol. 10, pp. 1—16. From the Society. Cambridge. Annual Report of the Trustees of the Museum of Comparative Zo- ology for 1864; also for 1862. From the Trustees. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Vol. 6, pp. 341-364. From the Academy. Philadelphia. The Dental Cosmos. New Series, vol. 6, No. 6, to vol. 7, No. 5. From the Editors. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. From Nos. 97 to 100. From the Editor. The Gardener’s Monthly. Vol. 7, Nos. 1 to 12. From the Editor. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, 1865. Nos. 1—4. Journal of the Franklin Institute. Vols. 78 and 79, Nos. 468 to 475. From the Executors of the late Dr. Wilson. Memoirs of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. Vol. 1, 1864. From the Society. DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. 297 American Journal of Conchology. Vol. 1, parts 1—4. From the Execu- tors of the late Dr. Wilson. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia. Vols. 2, 3 and 4, and vol.5, No.1. From the Library Fund. The Practical Entomologist. Vol. 1, No. 1. From the Entomological Society. Proceedings of the American Phil. Soc. Vol. 9, No. 72, vol. 10, No. 73. From the Society. Transactions of the same. Vol. 13, part 1. From the Society. American Journal of Pharmacy. Vol. 37, Nos. 2 to 6. From the Hditor.: New Haven. The American Journal of Science and Arts. Vols. 39 and 40. From the Editor. i New York. The New York Medicai Journal. Nos. 1—4 and Nos. 6—9. From the Editors. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History. Vol. 8, Nos. 2, 3,4 and 5. From the Society. Proceedings of the American Geographical and Statistical Society. Pp. 117—174. From the Society. Salem. Proceedings of the Essex Institute. Vol. 4, Oct., Nov. and Dec., 1864, No. 4, vol. 2, pages 353—438, vol. 3. Vol. 4, No. 5, Act of Incorpora- tion, &c. From the Society. Journal of the Essex Co. Natural History Society, No. 3. From the So- ciety. San Francisco. The San Francisco Medical Press. Vol. 6, No. 4, 1865. From the Editors. Proceedings of the California Academy of Natural Sciences. Vol. 3, pp. 97 to 208. From the Society. California Farmer for 1865. From the Editors. Washington. Report of the National Academy of Sciences for the year 1863. From Dr. Jos. Leidy. Worcester. Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society, Oct. 21, 1864, April, 1865. From the Society. CANADA. Montreal. The Canadian Naturalist and Geologist. New Series, Vol. 2, Nos 1 to 4. From the Natural History Society of Montreal. Quebec. Transactions of the Literary and Historical Society of Quebec. Ses- sion 1864—65, New Series, part 3. From the Society. Toronto. Journalof the Board of Arts and Manufactures of Upper Canada. Vol. 5, Nos. 1, 2. From the Editor. The Canadian Journal of Industry, Science and Art. New Series, Nos. 55 to 59. From the Editors. NOVA SCOTIA. Halifax. Proceedings and Transactions of the Nova Scotia Institute of Natural Sciences, Vol. 2, part 3. From the Society. SOUTH AMERICA. Buenos Aires. Anales del Museo Publico deBuenos Aires. Entrega Primera, 1864. From the Director. ASIA. Batavia. Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-Landen Volkenkunde, uitgegeven door het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. Deelen 11 and 12. From the Society. Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Weten- schappen. Deel29. From the Society. 298 DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. OTHER SCIENTIFIC WORKS. Agassiz, Alex. Embryology of theStar Fish. From the Author. Seaside Studies in Natural History. By Elizabeth C. Agassiz end Alex. Agassiz. Marine Animals of the Massachusetts Bay. Radiates. 1865. From the Authors. Andrew, Wm. Constitution of Nature. Milwaukee, 1864. From the Author, Annual Report of the Geological Survey of India, 1863—64. Calcutta, 1864. From the Survey. Memoirs of the Same. Vol. III., Part 2, and Vol. IV., Part 2. Calcutta, 1864. From the Survey. Armored Vessels, Seven Plates of. From the Navy Department. Baird, S. F. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. Review of American Birds in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Part 1. North and Middle America. From the Author. ® Barrande, J. Defense des Colonies, III. Prague, 1865. From the Author. Bentham, G. Genera Plantarum ad exemplaria imprimis herbariis kewensibus servata definita. Vol. Primi, Pars Il. Sistens Dicotyledonum Poly- petalarum ordines XI. London, 1865. From the Library Fund. Bertolini, Ant. Ameenitates Italice. Bonaniz, 1819. From Dr. C. Percy La Roche. Binney, W. G. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection. 174. Bibliography of North American Conchology previous to the year 1860. Part 11. 1864. From the Smithsonian Institution. Birabaum, Dr. K. F. J. Untersuchungen tiber den Bau der Hihaute bei Saugethieren. Berlin, 1863. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Bleeker, M. P. Atlas Ichthyologique des Indes Orientales Neederlandaises. Livres 1—17. Amsterdam, 1864—75. From Dr. Wilson, on the usual conditions. Bohn, H. G. Catalogue of Books. Vol. I., 8vo., London, 1858. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson, Boot, Francis. Illustrations of the Genus Carex. 3 Vols. Folio, London, 1858. From the Library Fund. Bourguignat, M. J. R. Malacologie de L’Algérie. 5Sme Fasc. Paris, 1864. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Mollusques nouveaux, litigieux ou peu connus. ler—4me Fase. Paris, 1863—64. From the late Dr. Wilson, on the usual conditions. Boivin, Am. Description de Cing especes nouvelles du Genre Conus. Paris, 1864. From the Author. Brady, Geo. S. Reports of deep sea dredging on the coasts of Northumber- land and Durham. From the Author. Bruent, J. C. Manuel du Libraire et de Amateur de Livres. 5 Vois., and Vol VI., No.1, 8vo. Paris, 1864. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Buchenav, Dr. F. Ueber Juncus pygmeus Rich. und Juncus fasciculatus Schousbee. 8yo. Tract. From the Author. Ueber die Sprossverhaltnisse von Glaux maritima. From the Author. Buhl, Dr. L. Ueber die Stellung und Bedeutung der Pathologischen Anatomie. Miinchen, 1863. From the Author. Cabanis, Dr. J. Museum Heineanum. 4 Theil. Halberstadt, 1863. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. j Caligny, Marquis Anatole de. Notice historique et critique sur les machines & compression d’air du Mont-Cenis. Turin, 1860. From the Author. Castilla, Rey D. Alfonso X de. Libros del Saber de Astronomia del. Tome III. Madrid, 1864. From the Royal Academy of Madrid. Catalogue of the American Philosophical Society Library. Part 1. Philadel- phia, 1863. From the Society. -Claparede, Dr. A. R. E. Beobachtungen tiber Anatomie und Entwicklungs- geschichte wirbelloser Thiere an der Kiiste von Normandie. Leipzig, 1863. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. 299 Claus, Dr. C. Die frei lebenden Copepoden. Leipzig. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Oresson, E. T. On the Hymenoptera of Cuba. January, 1865. From the Author. On the Hymenoptera of Colorado Territory. Part 1. Philadelphia, 1865. From the Author. Dalyell, Sir John Graham. Rare and Remarkable Animals of Scotland. 2 Vols., 4to. London, 1857. From the Library Fund. Davis, Jos. B. Crania Britannica, Decade VI. London, 1865. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. De Candolle. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis regni vegetabilis. Pars 16. Parisiis, 1864. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Denny, H. Observations on the Distribution of the Extinct Bear of Great Britain. From the Author. Des Moulins, Chas. Notes sur le Scirpus Duvali, Hopp. de Vayres (Gironde). From the Author. Le Bassin Hydrographique du Couzeau. Bordeaux, 1864. From the Author. Dollen, W. Die Zeitbestimmung vermittelst des tragbaren Durchgangsinstru- ments im Verticale des Polarsterns. St. Petersburg, 1863. From the Author. Dozy, F. Bryologia Javanica seu descriptio Muscorum, &. Auctoribus F. Dozy et J. M. Molkenbeer. Fasc. 41—44. Lugduni- -Batavorum, 1863. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Dubois, Ch. F. Oiseaux de L’Hurope. 189 and 190 Livraisons. Bruxelles, 1864. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Dumont, A. H. Mémoire sur la Constitution Geologique de la Province de Liége. Bruxelles, 1832. From John Campbell. Dunker, Dr. W. Paleontographica. Beitrige zur Naturgeschichte der Vor- welt. Neunter Band, 7e Lief. Herausg. von Dr. W. Dunker. 12er Band, 3e, 4e, and 5e Lief; 13er Band, le and 3e Lief; 14er Band, le Lief. Herausg. von H. von Meyer. Cassel, 1864—65. From the Executors of the late Dr. Wilson. Elliott, D. G. A Monograph of the Tetraoninz, or Family of Grouse. Part 3, 1865. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Engelmann, W. Bibliotheca Historico-Naturalis. ler Band, 8vo. Leipzig, 1846. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Exploration Geologiques du Canada. Rapport de Progrés peudant les Années, 1853—56. Toronto, 1857. From Dr. Leidy. Frauenfeld, G. Ritter von. Ueber eine Pflanzeverwuster eingesendet von Sr. Durchl. Fiirst Colloredo Mannsfeld. From the Author. Ueber in der Gefangenschaft geborne Jungen von Salamandra Maculosa, Laur. From the Author. Entomologische Fragmente. From the Author. Zoologische Miscellen. Nos 1, 2,3. Fromthe Author. | Eine Reise nach Hammerfest. Wien, 1864. From the Author. French Universal Exposition for 1867. Official correspondence on the eubject published by the Department of State. Washington, 1865. From the Department of State. Frey, Dr. H. Das Mikroskop und die Mikroskopische Technik. 8vo. Leipzig, 1863. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Gaudin, M. A. Réforme de la Chimie Minérale et organique. Paris, 1865. From the Author. Gegenbaur,C. Untersuchungen zur vergleichenden Anatomie der Wirbelsiule bei Amphibien und Reptilien. Leipzig, 1862. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Gerlach, Dr. J. Handbuch der allgemeine und speciellen Gewebelehre des Menschlichen Koérpers. Mainz, 1850. From Dr. Leidy. Gould, J. The Birds of Asia. Part 16. London, 1864. From Dr. Wilson on the usual conditions. 300 DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. The Birds of Great Britain. Parts 5 and 6. London, 1864. From Dr. Wilson, on the usual conditions. Gresse, J. G.T. Trésor de Livres rares et precieux. Tome 6me, Livres 1 and 2, Dresde, 1864. From the late Dr. Wilson, on the usual con- ditions. Gray, Asa. Introduction to Struftural and Systematic Botany and Vegetable Physiology. New York, 1858. From the Library Fund. Gronau, Prof. J.F. W. Beilage zu den Tafeln fiirsimmtliche trigonometrische Functionem der cyklischen und hyperbolischen Sektoren. Danzig, 1863. From the Author. Grote, Aug. R. Notes on the Sphingide of Cuba. From the Author. Giimbel, C. W. Geognostische Beschreibung des Bayerischen Alpengebirges und seines Vorlandes. Gotha, 1861. From the Executors of Dr. * Wilson. Ginther, Albert C. L. G. The Record of Zoological Literature, 1864. Vol. I. London, 1865. From the Library Fund. i Haberlandt. Ueber eine bisher wenig beobachtete Getreidemotte, Tinea pyro- phagella, Kllr. From the Author. Cecidomyia destructor, Say. From the Author. Haine, A. J. J. F. De Hyperdulia ejusque fundamento dissertatio historico- theologica. From the Author. Haldeman, S. S. Notes on Wilson’s Readers. From the Author. Hall, Jas. Geological Survey of Canada. Figures and Descriptions of Canadian Organic Remains. Decade II. Graptolites of the Quebec Group. Montreal, 1865. From the Survey. Account of some new or little known species of Fossils from Rocks of the age of the Niagara Group. From the Author. Hammond, Dr. Wm. A. On Wakefulness, with an introductory chapter on the Physiology of Sleep. 12mo. Philadelphia, 1866. From the Author. ; Hannover, A. Das Mikroskop. Leipzig, 1854. From Dr. Leidy. Hansteen, C. Resultate Magnetischer, Astronomischer und Meteorologischer Beobachtungen. 1863. From the Author. Hartung, G. Betrachtungen tiber Erhebungskrater altere und neuere Erup- tiomassen nebst einer Schilderung der Geologischen Verhaltnisse der Insel Gran Canaria. Leipzig, 1862. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Heer, Oswald. Beitrage zur nihern Keuntniss der Sachsich-thuringischen Breunkohlenflora. Berlin, 1861. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Die Urwelt der Schweiz. 2e—6e Lief, and 12, 134 Lief. Zurich,.1864. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Herget, E. W. Der Spiriferensandstein und seine Metamorphosen. 8vo. Wiesbaden, 1863. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Hervey, E. A Catalogue of the Plants found in New Bedford and its vicinity. _New Bedford, 1860. From J. H. Thompson. Hewitson, Wm. ©. Exotic Butterflies. Part 53,1865. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Hoek, M. Recherches sur la Quanti:é D’Ether contenue dans les liquides, par M. Heek et A. C. Oudemans. La Haye, 1864. From the Authors. Recherches Astronomiques de l’Observatoire d’Utrecht. 2me Livr. La Haye, 1864. From the Author. Honeyman, Rey. Dr. On the Geology of Arisaig, Nova Scotia. From the Author. Hornes, Moriz. Die Fossilen Mollusken des Tertier-Bekens von Wien. Band 2,Nr.5 and 6. From the Geological Society of Vienna. Irgens, M. Om de Geologiske Forhold paa Kyststrekningen af Nordre Ber- genhus Amt. Christiania, 1864. From the Author. James, S. P. On New Mosses. From the Author. Jan, Prof. G. Iconographie Générale des Ophidiens. Texte 8vo, Livr. 1 DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. 301 Plates 4to, Livr. 2—9. Paris. From Dr. Wilson, on the usual con- ditions. Note sutla famiglia dei Tiflopidi sui loro generi e sulle specie del generi Stenostoma. From Dr. Wilson, on the usual conditions. Jones, J. M. Contributions to the Natural History of the Bermudas. Part 1, Mollusca. Halifax, 1864. From the Author. Karsten, H. Baitrig zuc Kenutaiss des Riynchoprion Penetrans. Mo3kau, 1864. From the Author. Kercado. Dela Sericulture dans la Gironde. Bordeaux, 1863. From the Author. Kollixer, A. Ueber das Ende der Wirbelsiule der Ganoiden und einiger Tele- ostier. Leipzig, 1860. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Kunstler, G. A. Ueber Getreideverwiister. From the Author. Leidy, Jos. Cretaceous Reptiles of the United States. Philadelphia, 1865. From the Author. Lesquereux, Leo. On the Origin and Formation of Praries. From the Author. List of the specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part 2, and appendix. 12mo., London, 1847. List of Coalcidites. Parts 1 and 2, London, 1846—48. From the Execu- tors of Dr. Wilson. Lyman, Theo. Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, at Harvard College. No. 1. Ophiuridz and Astrophytide. Cambridge, 1865. From the Director. Malmgren, A. J. Kritisk Ofversigt af Finlands Fisk-Fauna. Helsingfors, 1863. From the Author. Marcou, Jules. Geéological Map of the World. Winterthur, 1861. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Mason, Rey. F. Burmah, its people and natural productions, 1860. From Miss Mary A. Longstretb. Massalongo, A. B. Specimen Pkotographicum anamalium quorumdam Plan- tarum Fossilium Agri Veronensis. Veronez,1859. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Mather, W. W. First Annual Report on the Geological Survey of the State of Ohio. Columbus, 1838. From Chas. Lenig, Esq. McChesney, J. H. Chicago Academy of Sciences. Plates illustrating in part the New Species of Fossils from the Paleozoic Rocks of the Western States. From the Author. Meek, F. B. Check List of the Invertebrate Fossils of North America; Miocene. From the Smithsonian Institution. Meteorologische Waarnemingen in Nederland. Uitgegeven door het K. Neder- landsch Meteorologisch Institut, 1863. Utrecht, 1864. From the In- stitute. Meteorologische Beobachtungen. Aufgezeichuet auf Christiania’s Observatori- um III. aud IV. Lief. Christiania, 1864. From the Observatory. Meyer, H. von. Palazontographica. See Dunker. Middendorff, Dr. A. Th. vy. Silbirische Reise, Band 4, Theil1. St. Petersburg, 1864. From the late Dr. Wilsoao, on the usual conditions. Miquel, F. A. G. Annales Musei Botanici Lugduno-Batavi. Tome i, Fasc. 4—10. Amstelodami, 1864. From the late Dr. Wilson, on the usual conditions. Milne-Edwards, H. Lecoas sur la Physiologie. Tome 8me, 2me Partie. Paris, 1865. From the Executors of Dr. Wlison. Moleschott, Jac. Untersuchungen zur Naturlehre des Menschen und der Thiere. 9 Band, 5es Heft. Giessen, 1865. From the Library Fund. Morse, EdwardS. A classification of Mollusca based on the principle of Ce- phalization. From the Author. Mueller, Dr. C. Walper’s. Annales Botanices Systematice. Tome Sexti Fasc. 1—7. Lipsie, 1861. From the Library Fund. Munch, P. A. Olaf Tryggveséns Saga ved Odd Munk. Christiania, 1853. From the Norway Frederick University. 20 302 DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. y Museum d'Histoire Naturelle des Pays-Bas. 5me and 6meLivrs. From the Ex- ecutors of Dr. Wilson. Olaf den Helliges Saga ved Snorre Sturlasson. Christiania, 1853. From the Norway Frederick University. Orsted, A. S. Compte rendu provisoire de quelques observations sur le Po- disma Sabine, &c. From the Author. Oudemans, A.C. See Heek. Packard, A. S. Synopsis of the Bombycide of the United States. Part 2. From the Author. List of the animals dredged near Caribou Islands, Southern Labrador. From the Author. Palezontologie Frangaise, Terrain Crétacé, Livs. 14 to 18, Ter. Jur. Liv. 6. Paris, 1863—65. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Perrot & D’Evreux. Bibliotheca Americana, 2 vols. Smo. By Nicolas Perrot and Pere Yves D’Evreux. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Pfliiger, E. F. W. Ueber die Eierstécke der Siugethiere und des Menschen. Leipzig, 1863. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Pitschner, Dr. W. Atlas zum Mont-Blanc. Six Plates. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Prévost, F. Historie Naturelle des Oiseaux d'Europe par Florent Prévost et C. L. Lemaire. Paris. From the Library Fund. Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux exotiques par F. Prévost et ©. L. Lemaire. Paris. From the Library Fund. Pringsheim, Dr. N. Jahrbucher fiir Wissenschaftliche Botanik. der Band, 2es Heft. Leipzig, 1865. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Quetelet, Ad. Résumé des Observations sur la Méteorologie et sur la magne- tisme Terrestres faites & l‘Obseryatoire Royale de Bruxelles, en 1861. From the Observatory. Seven astronomical Tracts. From the Author. Reakirt, T. Descriptions of four new species of Limacodes. From the Author. Notes upon exotic Lepidoptera, chiefly from tue Philippine Islands, with descriptions of some new species. 1864. From the Author. Contributions towards a monograph of the genus Crocota. From the Author. Observations on some American Piering. From the Author. Reeve, L. Conchologia Iconica, parts 238 to 345. London, 1864. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Reinhardt, J. Pseudorco erassidens et for den Dansk Fauna nyt Hvaldyr. Kjébenhavn, 1863. From the Author. Reinwald, Ch. Catalogue Annuel de la Libraire Frangaise pour 1858—i864. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Riehl, Dr. W. H. Ueber den Begriff der birgerlichen Gesellschaft. Munchen, 1864. From the Author. Robiano, Fr. C. Mariade. De Jure Ecclesiz in Universitates Studiorum disser- tatio historico-canonica. Lovanii, 1864. From the University of Lou- vain. Rothrock, T. A synopsis of the North American Gaurinee. From the Author. Sagra, Ramon de la. Icones Plantarum in Flora Cubana. Parisiis, 1863. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Salter, J. W. Paleontology of Niti inthe Northern Himalaya. Descriptions by J. W. Salter and H.F. Blanford. Calcutta, 1865. From Col. R. Stra- chey. 4 Sars, Dr. Sh. Oversigt af Norges Echinodermer ved Christiania, 186:. From the Author. Schaufuss, L. W. Monographische Bearbeitung der Sphodrini. Dresden, 1865. From the Author. Priced Catalogues of Mammals, Shells, Insects, Brds Nests and Kggs. From the Author. Schlegel, H. De Toerako’s afgebeeld en beschreven door H. Schlegel. Am- sterdam, 1860. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. 303 Schultze, Max. Die Hyalonemen Bonn, 1860. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Scudder, S. H. An account of the Discovery of Megalithic Cysts, near Madura, South India. Boston, 1865. From S. H. Scudder. On the Devonian Insects of New Brunswick. From the Author. Revision of the hitherto known species of the genus Chionobas in North America. From the Author. Sexe, S. A. Om Sneebrea Folgefon. Christiania, 1864. From the Author. Simmony, Fr. Pbysiognomischer Atlas der Osterreichischen Alpen. Six Chromo-lithographs with pamphlet of text. Gotba, 1862. [From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Sowerby, G. B. Thesaurus Conchyliorum, part 23. London, 1864. From the late Dr. Wilson, on the usual conditions. Descriptions of three new species of shells. From the late Dr. Wilson, on the asual conditions. Steenstrup, J.J. S. Om Skjzvheden hos Flynderne og navnlig om Vandringen af det Ovre Oie fra Blindsiden til Oiesiden tvers igjennem Hovedet, m. m. Kjébenhavn, 1864. From the Author. Steindachner, Dr. Z. Beitrige zur Kenntniss der Chromiden Mejicos und Cen- tral Amerika’s. Wien, 1864. lromthe Author. Steindachner, M. F. H. Catalogue preliminaire des Poissons d’Hau Duuce de Portugal conserves au museum d’historie naturelle de Lisbonne, 1864. From the Author. Stevens, H. Bibliotheca Americana. 12mo. London, 1862. From the Execu- tors of Dr. Wilson. Stimpson, Dr. W. Malacozoological Notice, No. 1. On the Fossil Crab of Gay Head. From the Author. Stoppani, Antoine. Paléontologie Lombarde. Livrs 28e—33e, Troisieme Serie 14—19. Milan. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Sullivant, Wm. S. Icones Muscorum. 8vo. Cambridge, 1864. From the Author. Sumichrast, F. Note sur les Mceurs des Quelques Reptiles du Mexique. From the Author. Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning. Thirteen Geological Tracts accompanied by ten Maps of Sweden. From the Geological Survey of Sweden. Thomas, Dr. G. H. Die Stellung Venedigs in der Weltgeschichte. Minchen, 1864. Trubner’s Bibliographical Guide to American Literature. London, 1859. From the Executors of Dr. Wilson. Tryon, Geo. W. Synonymy of Strepomatide. From the Author. Uriceechea, E. Contribuciones de Colombia a las Ciencias ialas Artas. Ane Primero. Bogota, 1860. Van der Moeren. Dissertatio Theologica de Provessione Spiritus Sancti ex Patre Filioque. 1864. From the University of Louvain. White, D. A. New England Congregationalism. Salem, 1861. From the Essex Institute. Wilson, Dr. Thos. Bellerby, a memoir of. Philadelphia, 1865. From Jacob Ennis, Esq. Winchell, Alex. The soils and sub-soils of Michigan. Lansing, 1865. From the Author. Notes on Selandria Cerasi, Harris, as it occurs at Ann Arbor, Mich. From the Author, Some indications of a Northward Transportation of Drift Material in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. From the Author. Wolf, Jos. Zoological Sketches. Second series, parts 5 and 6. London, 1863. From Dr. Wilson, on the usual conditions. Wood, A. Class-book of Botany. New York, 1864. From the Library Fund. Wood, Rev. J. G. The Illustrated Natural History. 3 vols. London, 1863. From the Library Fund. Wright, Thos. On the early history of Lecds. From the Literary and Philos. Soc. of Leeds. INDEX OF GENERA. 1865. ACGHNBHIAGS Cece cclececcoctececetes a eeem eho ULLOPUS s avidd trcesarecesel cececseresstecs Acanthotelsont tc: 2e..scers---sce~ ene AGI WATT ese testeccseeceen : 70, ING Gi EMS Glysteeeh «comes sects eran eee DUAN SWAG cae re ave te teace rs duce cees (3; IN GEISpeeere ene seecaceee eecceeeeeere 84, £94) Avienlopectens stress cs. .neese sre noes AgRodytiesy: ay -c.ieileh-: eer tee tack. 194] AXin®@@....ccre coon ie INGLE OMCINE Stemcecnt mnnactineeaceerates see 13 Archie ll corer -peemtieeraeteremeeree == ie AUB VeBalleemaneis (ecsrce terres ose 168, 180, A CLINOCTINUS s..eeesecesse esse’ ED2, 164|"Balantasuict.o. Set. ae on. cctee eee A Gime OW Aleaestesee) aero cloee een ee eaerisn- viel en Ollah wee mmncoasenee seo ace! AgalyGWhnise. score. ccoresathers 43-8 B94 Bellerophosw.3.c...1ses ses beeen seee AelastiGa.< Chersodromus t2sis.. wsccesn voess Oe. UOT Ditrupa =: isis Seesseseeestaasson, Poeeeees 73 GHINOSHOMB Ss case cs ssscscsteeteesees eee SI Dorcaltomarnc..scssstescsvetesstsee sone 242 Chlorospingus) siisi0cssscccsssese sides ATM) DOSiniopsis.s.2: .ceccteeteeeectocse eee 184 Whomebesssrsaisesscceedesvesesedes ee VAS PD riWiaces cs sroewesteees SE tie eee ee 62 Chorophilusnsssscsssssconsasasdie BL 4 DrymObiws vo.cswesetsesaseene es sercaes 197 WAT YSO COMUS vec et eevee Reese 64) Dryomelictes..s.ccscscsssvoets a eteenees 194 CHrySOMIUTIG her. oooatevweees le HAE 89 WinOsternwiM <9 deseesess 35550 189| Echinianthus................sssse+eseees 5 CLIGT SS TV Seage Se E 187| Echinocardium...........s.::.ssss00+0 75 Clem onitiavsscccteescseccsiseceee eee 56) Edmondia................. 110, 127, 24% Diy peasters i scesnteeteeecestcc8l 8 FANE APOC HUIS poise. cnconaiincespieysen tees 190 WOOCOTICIS sess tage EOS, PTE Elaps eee eee eeees teens secenececveccesreces 198 WO CGON era ais: 33a cee ress BIO 16) Hlasmognathus.......-......00. nena 183 GH CLOGTINUS ss55-s5seereens ee RU RO Dt 7a MMMND OLN ACTA srecunancesnannomietthaleds se 170 Woclonreraissone (5640 ee 205, 911 Ein diol obs havacsaacosuceeecacacncaaeeee 259 CHloplewrusscieccsene RNs 74| Emtomostraca ...... ....ssseeeeseeeeeees 3 OM MGE ANAS ssscs5ss Sashes Se 942 Epithemia cence cccereeseccersecscecscees 16 Wolletonemas cress a Ie 16| Equus.........ssseeseee os tee tee eee ees 94 Comarocystites...... sWbea Be SdNets & 13 143 Ericymba ecw ccc cv cee reece. ce cecseece ceces 88 Sbriephanesis:::....sceece.wede OG 5 METISOCHINUS <.-252, acasensradceeedse a9 Woe GAT Glu ene. cunmnne eee DAG MENGES rae -cales waa soasnacieaalinseastiecter 224 Conopoterium.......-.....eccceeeee eens 110] HSOX....sceee sereei ee ceeeeeseeeeeees 78, 274 RO CNT aa Viele Ok, Aesth ve de lees 130, 252 Hubalena......s.e.ceeeeeeeeeeeseeeeee ces 168 GOL VAS scsi ecndeslee 274| HUlima..ccc. cceeeeseesee ceeeeees ee vee 63 Corynorhinus........22000.8 Vs eee! 173, EUMOtIA.seeeee creer eeeeeees 7, 12, 16 Corythwolus ......ce.ce0e 000 195, 197 ETOP HALUS Ss cnsescpuesanectsehtessete 110 Urassatellan.s.ce.sssecn esse MS 73) Hupactus.....ccee sees cones eeeeee 227, 235 Cristellaria.....c00-scccccsees seveseeee '74{ Euphoniarssss>... .... tt eeeeeeeeeeeeees 171 Gro tales! \jcseed ee eeeeedaa 802883 191, 198) EBuryeolon. ve... seeeeeees eeeeeee 19, 33 Cryptoceras...c...cssscsseeseessessessene 262\ RIV CUIN OP ORB. csearansamercanssvcktdacees 165 Ory ptodon tts. Fi7| MXO GLOSS. ...<.cce--sncmemascacnrs ence ale! ede Spain oe ae = ae FavOsites.....- 2.20. seeeesseeseeeseee ees 112 Cy RSet ce oso ert aency cae BLOT DSTO CTUNUS)...<.5s a sacceoieeeae ne 139 VADNOCTINUGcs so. -ttecceckoneseess 150, 160 Handetas "8. 85 Gy lnehina) hi ssllisccscseess sesso ess Gl, 58 ceh serie oebe et Se ooege ad Gy lund rosteus.:1..~ cv ssctcascssseet tees 85/ (Gaduse-ncccwescenseeecaee RIO: 69 Wy mbehlasctsoscrt eee 16) (Galeria scésacc.c sm 0et | eee 73 SAVLIN GOLLY TIS. owcons) sc ceasaeseens teen PAPAL Lrin hab dace. i csscspeseeeeeers 205, 219 ATISOLLOPUS 50550 502eéc0c>map She eee 104 Mahellarigcc:.c..:cccte ee ee TG LLOCHOGCEAS:. 0252.55 ~s secs Sh eaeee ee Oe Tach yphonus.....saenssnc-soce 166, 171 | Trochocopus, ........sssse0eseseeeeeeee 17 RAND OMA. <5 cscucessseenureenesecpristenes 171 | Tropidoclonium ............+++ 190, 197 Tarabitly occ oad oceee ene oeee oe eee 197 | Tropidodipsas .......0ssss00seeeeeseeeee 198 SRAD TNS 525 nse tep ei es dee epes 183 | Trutta ....... cseceeeeeeeeceeeerene 80, 85 PAX OCTINUS, wsxaveesnanseade deena FOE 138 | Trypopitys....-- +++. Stee eeees 227, 234 ASIN EY Sones oossnocbe weer e-es-b45- 58 : ROMINA... < oo s0 sc csevscessess xsi estdt eee 56 | Unio...... sence eacercceeceee ceeeeee 75, 88 Mentaculites soa, --asas-84cq0 ORS 254 | Uramidead...... ..esceeeesseeseeeeeeeeeees 82 RetracyClus.......5.ssss2-.n4epeaseeeee 14 RetradGeapoda..-.-.scnp-nnorsscsesen ett 46 | Venericardia...............2, 71, 73, 184 Bh amanp phils; asnnc os Feaisenpeee Bees NOMA METIUS 20220 ccc ccenscensssseth aera 57 RHAMMOPDIS':|s-c.c5<-, ws int, : , a> “ical gy fire er A 8 me begkrcy ee ~~ oe Se ih iid $5"5 tcarndehes ¥ ae the om : care -syntlae® Vib itp, : ia? re Oye W sho tilat one a! age wer: airy * a ae 5 Lee & ) 3. : y ia are ia SS " and J eaial un. ia 7 i.e eee aoe i? po Hii, | al 42 (tg of: haw ishhonu xi ne Hp } ; ; © ARMOR Btpewr tye. “7. . Shiee Bee eee bin bees 4 uF ve Feed ip ode of tho OTe BRE ON if j ‘ biat? a ‘ie ae v : -” (ae abe ’ ph eel eee , : (“yobet> (tigen te itieh, a “ere wf. titadls Gee a 6 > See ecules th. Sete z othe eT anton. = : wes 1492 : ) ww! ~~ ae by ; ’ rom » = a aes eh < . gsi f. > ie wt w * Poa 4, id prety La | “ Jt = td “gr TS S ii its a) Peds nl - ‘ iy tiv) i. f ™ he sis orb thy, fee PTUCE ES { hd ww apa a FP for ‘ ost GE rey & jet, at vate: i? { — hee im tive PPS ‘ as Ht ais af, iW’ pee j Ae > wee 14 aut ‘ , i ‘ teste itiwe arenes, OS, 24 i hy ae loa sorts wet y 1sGen ees SPIE Pe ae chek me Bis a Ceone me vie i AL ; oT ial Denes iP a: Ni vs ae . &.'eee bf; Fol tales pg ae ec ee ke is wre ] iettes. Mi er a 4 fra Mi, eS a fi aes =< — _ tae Sr heh ee QH Academy of natural science 1 of Philadelphia A2 Proceedings v.17 / (sv Biological & Medical Serials PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET eee UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY a TY seat ie i ery eS.