eee ee ED —— Perea a = SS ais ig Oe Sem cabacicgas ans" Gach a OCR Ae On FO at = eaten vs - we Se Sg a are ee ae Sgn AE Re SR a T= = ~- ~ bs . ~ 7 : . ee ee ee eee PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 1895. A ™ COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION: THomas MEEHAN, CHARLES E. Smiru, . Epwarp J. Nouan, M. D., GrorGE H. Horn, M.D., Harrison ALLEN, M. D. EpitorR: EDWARD J. NOLAN, M.D. PHILADELPHIA : ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, LOGAN SQUARE. 1896. 41 ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA, February 6, 1896, - I hereby certify that printed copies of the Proceedings of the Academy for 1895 have been presented at the meetings of the Academy as follows :— Pages 9to 24 . : d ; . February 26, 1895. i Ge ee.40 5 ; : : . March 19, 1895. MP bes ES i ho ee ey aa 9, 1895. Pi ISTO LDS: 9: ‘ : ; . April 30, 1895. 153 to168 . ; : : . May 14, 1895. 169 to 200. : ; : . May 28, 1895. 201 to 210 . ; ; : . June 18, 1895. Bit Secs) “a Tae y. Daly 2, 1895. 291 to 338 . ‘ ; ; . August 20, 1895. 339 to 370... : ‘ t . October 1, 1895. ‘* 371 to 434 P : . November 5, 1895. ‘4385 to 514. : ; : . December 10, 1895. * §15 to 530. : : F . January 7, 1896. ** 531 to 562 February 4, 1896. EDWARD J. NOLAN, Recording Secretary. LEVYTYPE CO., ENGRAVERS AND PRINTERS, PHILA. ~LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS. With reference to the several articles contributed by each. For Verbal Communications see General Index. Baldwin, D. D. Descriptions of new Species of Achatinellidze from the Hawaiian Islands (Plates X and XI) ...... Cockerell, T. D. A. Some new Bees of the Genus Perdita Ellis, J. B. Notes on some specimens of Pyrenomycetes in the Schweinitz Herbarium of the Academy ......... Ellis, J. B., and B. M. Everhart. New Species of Fungi from WANIOUA LOCHIITIOR: Bie Saeed: kh ipa « ee 5 p> Foote, Warren M. Preliminary Note on a new Alkali Mineral . Fowke, Gerard. Archzeological Work in Ohio . : Fox, William J. Synopsis of the Stizini of Boreal America Sy nopsis of the Bembicini of Boreal America (Plate XIV) . Synopsis of the North American Species of Gorytes Latr. . . Greene, Edward L. Eclogz Botanicze, No. 2. I. Some new Western Plants ; II. Revision of Tropidocarpum . ; Gwatkin, H. M., and Henry Sutor. Observations on the Den- tition of Achatinellidm . Sp. see Harris, Gilbert D. New and otherwise interesting ‘Tertiary Mollusea from Texas (Plates I-IX) . Holm, Theo. Contributions to the Flora of Greenland . j Johnson, C. W., and D. W. Coquillet. Diptera of Florida, with additional descriptions of new Genera and Species . . Keller, Ida A. The Jelly-like secretion of the fruit of Peltandra undolata CIO NLL em. . ws. ee SON x We colic Chae Notes on the Study of the Cross- fertilization of Flowers by Insects . 1 sy ree Kennedy, William. The Eocene ‘Tertiary of Texas east of the ESS IOR EVER ce.) . . EMER, oy Ue gy Uke, Ne Meehan, Thomas. Memoir of John Howard Redfield ; Moore, J. Perey. Notes on American Enchytreide. I. New Species of Fridericia from the vicinity of Philadelphia (Plate XIII) . : Morris, Charles. The Extinction of Speci ies ee ee Nolan, Edw. J., M.D. y = 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 43 Jersey. It lacks entirely the white stripe on the inside of hind legs, and the rusty throat patch is much longer (3 or 4 inches) than in cinereo-argenteus, in which it often forms a narrow collar scarcely dividing the white of lower head and throat from that of breast. As I have already pointed out,’ priority in naming the Gray Fox belongs to Miller, who described it in 1776. Probably in the same year a plate of this animal had been published by Schreber (Saug- thiere, Tab. XCII), on which he used the name ‘‘ Cunis cinereo-argenteus Briss.” The text belonging to the volume (Band III) in which this plate was bound bears the date 1778. In the text Schreber nowhere imposes the Latin name because of his expressed doubt whether “Der Grisfuchs” might not be the same as “ Der Virginische Fuchs,” which he named Canis virginianus. It is, therefore, apparent that cinereo-argenteus was not adopted by Schreber but was merely quoted on the plate to denote the animal which he considered the same as the Canis cinereo-argenteus of Brisson. Schreber’s plate of Der Virginische Fuchs is copied from the preposterous one of Catesby, while that of Der Grisfuchs is not a bad representation of the Gray Fox, and his description of the animal (pp. 360, 361) is the first accurate one published, in fact it would be hard to find a more reli- able diagnosis of the external characters of the northern form than this of Schreber’s, taken from a furrier’s pelt, sent from America to Germany. Returning to Miiller’s description we find the additional statement that his Canis cinereo-argenteus is based on Brisson’s animal as well as on Schreber’s plate above mentioned, but he gives no habitat. Brisson (Régne Animal, 1756, p. 241) gives it: “Habitat in Caro- lina, & Virginia in cavis arboribus.” The Gray Foxes which I have examined from North Carolina and Virginia are essentially like those of the Middle States, and it is therefore proper to apply Miiller’s name to the northern as contrasted with the extreme southern form. It is probable that there is little intergradation between the two, north of southern Georgia and that typical floridanus is confined to penin- sular Florida, as is the case with other mammals in these regions having the same distribution. Tamias lateralis saturatus subsp. nov. Type, ad. g, Col. of S. N. Rhoads, No. 1,365. Lake Kichelos, Kittitas Co., Washn. (elevation 8,000 ft.). Col. by Allan Rupert, Sep., 1593. Description.—Size large, tail very long, foot and ear in the same ' Reprint of Ord’s Zoology, 1804, Appx., p. 8. 44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. proportion, colors darkest of the 7. lateralis group. Top and sides of head and sides of neck to and including forelegs, chestnut, shaded with black ; eyelids pale buff, in marked contrast to their surround- ings; lips, throat, breast, sides of belly and hams, rusty; feet paler rusty; back, from occiput to and including root of tail and defined laterally by red of neck and black of inner body stripe and _poste- riorly by white of middle stripe, including flanks and upper hind legs, grizzled, rusty black. White body stripe longest, reaching from base of neck nearly to tail; inner black stripe shortest, about half the width and length of outer stripe, which latter is the same width as white stripe, and about two-thirds as long. Belly and chest uni- form grizzled black, the bases of hairs sooty, their tips fulvous. ‘Tail, above, like back on proximal third, becoming more distinctly mar- gined with a subterminal black band which becomes broader and blacker at tip, the outer tips of hairs rusty; beneath, the tail is lighter, with a broad central area of reddish-yellow within the black border. Skull, not appreciably different from that of lateralis, ex- cept in its larger size. Measurements (of type, in millimeters).—Total length, 317; tail vertebre, 114; hind foot, 46: (Average of five adults, length, 506; tail, 112; foot, 46). Skull—Total length, 46; basilar length, 58; zygomatic expansion, 28.8; interorbital constriction, 12; length of nasals, 15.7; length of mandible, 28; width of mandible, 16.2. Seventeen chipmunks, taken by Mr. Rupert in the months of July and September, in the vicinity of Snoqualmie Pass, Cascade Mts., Washington, show closest affinities, in many respects, with 7. lateralis cinerascens® in the “red phase’ described by Dr. Merriam. © They differ from cinerascens in the fact that there is no ‘‘gray phase,” the adults of both sexes being similarly colored. They are also blacker and browner throughout and have a relatively smaller body, larger foot, and longer tail than cinerascens, and the median lateral stripe does not reach the ears as in that form and in lateralis. The very close agreement of the skulls of lateralis and satwratus indicates that the latter is nothing more than the usual ‘Cascade representative” of a Rocky Mountain type, and it is probable that the relationship of cinerascens to lateralis is quite as close. 2 Merriam, N. Amer. Fauna, No. 4, 1890, 20. 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 45 NEW AND OTHERWISE INTERESTING TERTIARY MOLLUSCA FROM TEXAS. BY GILBERT D. HARRIS, While employed as Tertiary paleontologist to the Geological Survey of Texas during the years 1892 and 1893, the writer prepared a large monograph on the Tertiary mollusca of the State with the intention of publishing it in the 5th Annual Report of that Survey. For want of funds the printing of this report has been indefinitely post- poned, and accordingly the following facts and descriptions of new species, taken from the monograph in question, have here found an appropriate place for publication. The points in stratigraphy brought out by the study of the various Tertiary faunas of the State have been included with other matter in an article published by the State ipa» in the Journal of Geology, 1894, p. 549. Suffice it to say here that the Midway stage, so well developed in Georgia and Alabama and known also in Mississippi and Arkansas, exists also in Texas, as is proved by the occurrence of such species as Enclimatoceras ulrichi, Ostrea pulaskensis, Cucullea macrodonta, Volutilithes limopsis and others. The Lignitic stage, so far as has been observed, is destitute of molluscan remains. The exposure on Brazos River, known as “Smiley’s Bluff,’ two miles above the mouth of Pond Creek, is evidently about synchronous with the Matthews Landing beds of Alabama. These are now included in the Midway stage. The Lower Claiborne beds are replete with fossils, many of which are common to this horizon in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and South Carolina. Besides these well-known forms there are many new ones, some of which are described below. The true Claiborne, the Jackson, and the Vicksburg stages seem to have no representatives in Texas. This fact cannot be too strongly emphasized since most writers on Texas geology have re- ferred certain fossil bearing outcrops to some of these upper Eocene stages. 46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. PELECYPODA. Genus MODIOLA. Modiola houstonia sp. nov. Pl. 1, fig. 1. Specific characterization. —General form of shell as figured ; thin, showing concentric lines of growth on the area below the unibonal ridge; above the same, with broad concentric undulations, becoming more numerous towards the umbones; anterior, radially striate. Localities. —Three miles northeast of Crockett, Houston Co., Tex. ; also five miles northwest of Orangeburg, S. C. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—In Texas State Museum. , Modiola texana Gabb. Pl. 1, fig. 2. Perna texana Gabb, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1861, p. 371. The collections of the Survey have yielded few and imperfect specimens of this species. Localities. —Caddo Peak, Texas, Gabb. Two miles southwest of Campbellton, Atascosa Co.; two miles east of Arnold’s ranch, Frio Co., Tex. Near Red Land,. La: Geological horizon. —Lower Claiborne Eocene. Specimen figured: From near Red Land, La., property of U. S. Nat. Museum. Type.—In the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Genus LEDA. Leda bastropensis nov. sp. PI. 1, fig. 3. { Specific churacterization.—General form as figured; medial por- tions of the valves with regular, strong, concentric strive; strize ob- solete on the anterior end and on the post-umbonal slope, the latter with a shallow furrow extending from the umbo to near the ex- tremity of the valve; within the valve, a raised line or ridge, emanat- ing from the umbonal region and extending along beneath the hinge finally terminates in the middle of the posterior end and is there slightly enlarged. This species differs from ZL. plicata Lea in its lack of striation over portions of the exterior, and the more central positions of the umbones. From L. mater Mr., bastropensis is distinguished by its want of anterior radiating sulci, its lack of post-umbonal striation, and by its form. This is readily distinguished from L. albirupina ae 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 47 Har. since it lacks the smooth Yoldia-like aspect about the umbones so characteristic of that species. Localities. —Rio Grande at Starr-Zapata Co. line; Brazos River, one mile below Milam-Burleson Co. line, Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—In Texas State Museum. Leda milamensis nov. sp. PI. 1, fig. 4. Specifie characterization.—General form as figured; surface covered with fine concentric striz except near the anterior margin where it is smooth and polished; diameter from beak to base great and the shell here much inflated; posterior remarkably narrow and flattened. Locality.—Smiley’s Bluff, Brazos River, two miles above the mouth of Pond Creek. Geological horizon.— Midway Eocene. Type specimen.—In Texas State Museum. Leda houstonia nov. sp. PI. 1, fig. 5. Specific characterization.—General form as figured; concentric lines scarcely discernible except where they pass over the umbonal ridge; post-umbonal area traversed by one raised line extending from the umbo to near the extremity of the valve; sometimes as many as eight or ten raised radiating lines appear near the posterior sub- margin. Localities. —Between Orrell’s and Evergreen Crossing, Elm Cr., Lee Co.; Alabama Bluff, Trinity River, Houston Co.; along Elm Cr. from Orrell’s to Price’s Crossing, Texas. Specimens of this species occur in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila., labelled ‘‘ Leda ( Nuculana) subtrigona Con.?, S. Carolina.”’ Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—In Texas State Museum. Subgenus ADRANA. Adrana oldrichiana nov. sp. PI. 1, fig. 6. Specific characterization. —Size and general form as indicated by the figure; exterior smooth and polished; within smooth; sinus small; posterior row of teeth much the longer. The type specimen is compressed vertically, the umbo should be somewhat more elevated than is represented by the figure. The type and all the specimens seen by the writer were in the collection of T. H. Aldrich, temporarily loaned to the survey. 48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Locality. —Brazos River, Tex., one and one-half miles below Mosley’s Ferry. Genus VENERICARDIA. Venericardia trapaquara nov. sp. PI. 1, fig. 7. Specific characterization.—General form as figured; ribs about twenty-four, compound, i. e., broad at base, surmounted by a medial dentate carina; umbonal ridge prominent. This species is remarkable for its quadrangular form and the prominence of its umbonal ridge. It belongs to the alticostata stock and is most nearly allied to Cardita subquadrata Con. (Jr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 2d Ser., 1848, p. 128, pl. 14, fig. 10), but from Conrad’s description and figure it is evident that his species is much more compressed, the umbonal ridge less prominent, and the beaks more nearly central. Locality. —Cedar Creek, southeast corner of Wheelock League, 200 yds. north of Brazos Co. line, Robertson Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type. —Texas State Museum. Genus ASTARTE. Astarte smithvillensis nov. sp. Pl. 1, figs. 8, a; 9, a,b, c. A. conradi Buckley, 1st Ann. Rep. Geol. Agr. ae ee Tex., 1874, p. 63. Crassatella alta (young) Heilp., Cont. to Geol., _ 38. Astarte tellinoides Heilp., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1890, p. 402. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figures; surface in typical specimens marked by strong concen- tric rugze especially towards the base; these slope gently above but abruptly below and are superimposed by fine striae; umbones flat- tened. This species shows great variations in form and size as well as markings. At Collier’s Ferry some specimens are more elongated, others more rotund; some have crenulations on the interior submar- gin while others are smooth. Several of these forms are shown by the figures cited. Localities of the typical sorm.—Devil’s Eye, Colorado River, Bastrop Co.; Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Locality of the smaller forms.—15 miles southeast of Nacog- doches, Nacogdoches Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Types.—Texas State Museum. EE 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 49 Genus CRASSATELLA. Crassatella texalta nov. sp. PI. 2, fig. 2. Specific characterization.—General form as figured; exterior smooth about the umbones, but marked by lines of growth anteriorly and sub-basally; hinge and marginal crenulations as in C. alta Con. This species is closely allied to C. alta, but is distinguished by its proportionally longer form and its smooth umbones, the latter feature being in marked contrast with the corrugations of C. alta. It evidently does not attain the large dimensions of Conrad’s species. Localities. —Alabama Bluff, Trinity River, Houston Co.; Hurri- cane Bayou, Houston Co., Tex.; 24 miles east of Newton, and 4 miles west of Enterprise, Miss. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type specimen.—Texas State Museum. Crassatella trapaquara nov. sp. PI. 2, fig. 3, a. Specific characterization. —General form as figured; surface con- centrically striate anteriorly, smooth posteriorly, except a few shal- low concentric depressions marking periods of growth ;*hinge teeth not so strong as in fezalta; lunular margin concave; basal margin of the valves but slightly convex, crenulated within anteriorly and basally but not posteriorly. Localities. —Smithville, Bastrop Co.; 8 miles east of Alto, Chero- kee Co.; Elm Creek, between Orrell’s and Evergreen Crossing, Lee Co.; Murchison’s Headright, northern boundary, Houston Co.; R. Williams’ Headright, northeast of Weches, Houston Co., Tex. Also Moore’s [ron Mine, La., and near Enterprise, Miss. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Harris’ collection. Crassatella antestriata Gabb. PI. 1, fig. 10, a. C. antestriata Gabb, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. iv, 1860, p. 388, pl. 67, Gabb’s figure and description were of a young specimen; the figure herewith given is of an adult. Compared with trapaquara, antestriata is much more oblique, or inequilateral, the posterior ex- tremity is sub-biangular and crenate within, and the basal margin is more convex. Externally antestriata is more strongly marked. Localities. —Lee Co. ; Elm Creek, between Evergreen and Orrell’s Crossing, Lee Co.; Alabama Bluff, Trinity River, Houston Co. ; 50 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. 5 miles west of Crockett, Houston Co.; Hurricane Bayou, Marster’s and Hodge’s Survey, Houston Co.; Baptizing Creek, Cherokee Co. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Singley’s collection, from Lee Co. Crassatella texana Heilp. PI. 2, fig. 1. C. fexana Heilp., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1890, p. 406, pl. xi, f. 6. This is certainly very distinct from antestriata. Besides the points of difference mentioned by Heilprin the following may be noted : The umbonal ridge is much sharper in tecana, and there is a trace of a sinus just below it ; the posterior margin is not sub-biangular as in antestiiata, and the valves are less oblique. From trapaquara this species can be distinguished by its surface markings, lower form, and the depression just below its umbonal ridge. Localities.—Near McBee’s School-house, 2 miles east of Alto ; Berryman’s Land, Kimble Headright, Cherokee Co.; Murchison’s Headright ; Lively’s Place, Wilson Headright, Houston Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Apparently lost. Genus SPHERELLA. Spherella(?) anteproducta nov. sp. PI. 2, fig. 4. Specific characterization. —Size and general form as indicated by the figure ; anterior somewhat produced, laterally compressed ; pos- terior dorsal margin likewise somewhat compressed ; ventricose. This species is much more ventricose than inflata Lea, from Claiborne, and scarcely as much so as turgida Con., from the Vicks- burg beds. The umbones are intermediate in size between inflata and turgidula, the size greater than either. Localities. —Cedar Creek, Wheelock League, Robertson Co. ; cutting on Tyler and South Eastern R. R., 400 yards south of mile post No, 23, Cherokee Co.; Dr. Collard’s Farm, Sparks Headright, Brazos Co.; Elm Creek, Lee Co., Tex. Also from mouth of Saline Bayou, Red River, Louisiana. Lower Claiborne Eocene. Geological horizon. Type.—Singley’s collection. Genus MERETRIX, Meretrix texacola nov. sp. PI. 2, fig. 5, a, b. Specific characterization.—Size and general forms as indicated by the figures; surface generally smooth about the umbones, but often 1895.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 51 more or less corrugated concentrically towards the base, especially posteriorly; lunule in the larger specimens, very indistinct in the smaller forms bordered by a well incised line. The surface markings resemble somewhat those of C. nuttalliopsis Heilp., but the anterior and posterior are too pointed, the shell in general too inflated, and the umbonal angle too great for that species. The larger specimens resemble M. californica Con. Localities. —Rio Grande at Webb-Zapata County line ; Smithville, Bastrop Co., 2 miles east of Alto, Cherokee Co.; Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos Co.; Cedar Creek, Robinson Co. ; Alum Bluff, Trinity River ; Hurricane Bayou, Houston Co.; Collier's Ferry, Brazos River, Bur- leson Co.; cutting on Houston East & West Texas R. R., 4 miles north of Corrigan, Polk Co,, Texas. Also from the base of the bluff at Claiborne, Ala. ‘Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Types.—Texas State Museum. Genus TELLINA. Tellina tallicheti nov. sp. PI. 3, fig. 1. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure ; not twisted posteriorly ; thin ; posterior sub-biangulate ; anterior rounded; beak slightly behind the center; lateral teeth well developed ; posterior cardinal bifid; pallial sinus and muscular sears of good dimensions though rather dimly marked; exterior smooth, except a few concentric strive on the post-umbonal slope ; umbonal ridge passes from the beak to the posterio- basal margin. Locality.—Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Harris’ collection. Genus SILIQUA. Siliqua simondsi nov. sp. PI. 3, fig. 2. Specific characterization. —Size and genera] form as indicated by the figure ; anterior acutely rounded sub-basally, posterior rounded ; from the umbo radiate two depressions (in the cast), the anterior deep, the posterior more nearly vertical and faint; pallial line and sinus comparatively well marked. Locality. —Dr. Williams’ quarry, Stephenson’s Headright, Brazos Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. 52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. Genus CERONIA. Ceronia singleyi nov. sp. PI. 3, fig. 3, a. Specific characterization.—General form as figured; beaks promi- nent, turned anteriorly; anterior side often very elongate; posterior generally short, obtusely pointed, with an obtuse angle midway of the posterior dorsal margin; umbonal ridge rounded; post-umbonal slope of considerable width and nearly at right angles to the face of the valve; substance of the valve moderately thick. The young of this species have a decidedly Schizodesma appear- ance. Older specimens assume the general form of Hemimactra elongata of the Indo-Pacific region. This species is known only in the form of casts in a light gray sandstone. It is regarded as a Mactroid shell, and not a Macoma, because (a) the beaks point anteriorly; (b) there is no indication of a twisting posteriorly; (c) the hinge margin of this shell is thick and evidently bore well-developed lateral teeth; (d) the posterior is very obtuse. Locality. —Sunnyside Church, Lee Co., Texas. Geological horizon.—Lower, Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus PERIPLOMA. Periploma collardi nov. sp. PI. 3, fig. 4. Specific characterization.—General form as figured; nearly equi- valve; beaks turned slightly backward; posterior deflected to the right ; substance of the shell thin and very nacreous; umbones fissured. The general form of this species is somewhat like that of Ceronia singleyi, from which, however, it is distinguished by the difference in direction of the beaks, as well as by the beaks themselves. Again this species has a much more extended posterior dorsal margin. Localities. —Dr. Collard’s farm, Sparks’ Headright, Brazos Co., Tex. Also mouth of Saline Bayou, Winn Parish, La., and base of bluff at Claiborne, Ala. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus CORBULA. Corbula aldrichi Meyer, var. smithvillensis noy. var. PI. 3, fig. 5, a. The variety is larger than the typical form, beak in the left valve more nearly central; right valve proportionally higher; radiating lines generally obsolete. 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 53 - Localities—Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Burleson Shell Bluff on Brazos River; 2 miles east of Alto, Cherokee Co.; Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos River ; Cedar Creek, Wheelock League, Robertson Co.; Elm Creek, Robertson Co.; Berryman’s Land, Cherokee Co.; Alum Bluff, Trinity River, Houston Co.; 2 miles south of Mt. Selmon P. O., Cherokee Co.; 1 mile south from Nevilles, Gonzales Co.; 15 miles southeast of Nacogdoches, Nacogdoches Co., Tex. Also near Enter- prise, Miss. Geological horizon of the variety.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus MARTESIA. Martesia texana nov. sp. PI. 3, fig 6. Specific characterization.—General form as figured ; surface marked by concentric lines or corrugations crossed by a radiating fold ; ante- rior to this the lines are strong, but behind it they are very faint. This species differs from M. elongata Ald., by its much greater anterior development, and hence the much more central position of the radiating fold. Locality.—Two miles east of Alto, Cherokee Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type specimen.—Texas State Museum. GASTROPODA. Genus RINGICULA. Ringicula trapaquara nov. sp. PI. 3, fig. 7. Specific characterization. —W horls 5; whorls 1, 2, and 3 nearly or quite smooth; 4 with a well marked subsutural line and fainter ones over the whole surface; body whorl strongly striate spirally, labrum very much thickened and crenulate within, labial callosity very pro- nounced, the two labial plicze strong and ascending rapidly upon the body whorl. This species differs from R. biplicata Lea by its more numerous spiral stris, its greater oral callosities, and the obliquity and strength of the columellar plice. F. mississippiensis Con. has plications some- what similar to those of this species, but in other respects it is nearly like R. biplicata. Loealities. —San Antonio Ferry, Brazos River, Burleson Co. ; between Orrell’s and Evergreen Crossing, Elm Creek, Lee Co., ‘Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. a4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. Genus VOLVULA. Volvula? smithvillensis nov. sp. PI. 3, fig. 8. Specific churacterization.—Shell large anteriorly and centrally but attenuated posteriorly; thick; spirally striate near either terminus; columella with one strong fold. This shell has somewhat the form of Actwonella. It differs from V. minutissima by its greater thickness, its greatest diameter being located more to the anterior, and by its thick, strong columellar fold. Locality.—Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. : Genus CYLICHNELLA. Cylichnella atysopsis nov. sp. PI. 3, fig. 9, a. “Volvula minulissima’ Gabb, specimen in coll. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Specific characterization. —General form globose as figured; sub- stance of the shell rather thick; spirally striate; columella with one fold; umbilicated. Locality.—Little Brazos River, near iron bridge, on Mosley’s Ferry road. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Fig. 9a is the so-labelled V. minu- tissima of the Academy collection. Genus TEREBRA. Terebra texagyra nov. sp. PI. 3, fig. 10. T. polygyra Heilp., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1890, p. 398. Specific characterization.-—General form and size as indicated by the figure; whorls about 15; marked as follows: slightly shouldered below the suture; below, two-sevenths of the way to the next suture with a moderately strong spiral stria; ribs about 15 on each whorl, strong above but dying out below, not deflected or dislocated by the subsutural revolving line; columella twisted as shown in the figure. Conrad’s T. polygyra has a more slender form, with far less prominent plice. 7. divisurum and T. polygyra both show disloca- tion at the subsutural line. 7. texagyra resembles J. tantula in some respects, but is less costate and less slender. Localities—Between Orrell’s and Evergreen Crossing, on Elm Creek, Lee Co.; near Crockett and 2 miles west of Crockett, Houston Co. This is doubtless, in part at least, the species referred to by ee 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 55 Aldrich and- Meyer as ‘“‘7. divisuwra Con., var.’ They give as localities, Claiborne and Lisbon, Ala.; Wautubbee and Newton, Miss.; Wheelock, Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Terebra houstonia noy. sp. PI. 3, fig. 11, and Pl. 4, fig. 1. T. polygyra Heilp. (von Con.), Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus. T. vetusta Heilp. (zon Lea), Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1890, p. 398. ? T. vetusta Gregorio, Mon. Faun. Eoc. de ]’Ala., pl. 1, figs, 40, 41. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated in the figure; whorls 12 or 15, longitudinally ribbed, the ribbing being much coarser in the upper part of the shell than in the lower; suture margined below by an obscurely impressed revolving line; columella, straight, smooth, tapering rapidly. This species is characterized at once by the height of its whorls in comparison to their respective diameters, the bulging sides of the whorls, the irregularities of the ribbing, and the straight, smooth columella. Localities. —Smithville, Bastrop Co.; near MeBee’s school-house, Cherokee Co.; Little Brazos River, near iron bridge, on Mos- ley’s Ferry road; Cedar Creek, Wheelock League, Robertson Co.; Elm Creek, Lee Co.; near Crockett and 2 miles west of Crockett, Houston Co.; Collard’s farm, Sparks’ Headright, Brazos Co.; Arnold’s Ranch, Frio Co.; southeast of Campbellton, just south of Lipan Creek, Atascosa Co. Also in Claiborne, Webb, and Bien- ville Parishes, La.; 2 miles east of Newton, Miss.; Claiborne, Ala.; 2 miles west of Orangeburg, 8. C. Lower Claiborne Eocene. Geological horizon. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus CONUS. Conus smithvillensis nov. sp. PI. 4, fig. 2. Specific characterization. —General form as figured; whorls about 12; smaller spiral whorls costate or crenulate; penultimate whorl smooth; body whorl smooth, except about 12 revolving lines at base. This species bears much resemblance to the figure given in Proce. Ac. Nat. Sci’ Phila., 1879, pl. 13, fig. 8, of “ Conus” pulcher- rimus Heilp., but upon examining the type of this species now in the Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., N. Y. City, it was found to be, as already 56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. stated by Meyer, a Pleurotomoid shell. ©. parvus of H. C. Lea is ‘evidently the young of sawridens Con. Locality.—Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus PLEUROTOMA. Pleurotoma enstricrina nov. sp. PI. 4, fig. 3. Specific characterization.—General form and size as indicated by the figure; whorls 10; nuclear whorls 1, 2, 3, 4 smooth, 5 costate, whorls 6, 7, 8, 9 ornamented by (a) a crenulated narrow band below the suture, (b) a narrow concave space in which there are two or three fine but distinct spiral strie, (c) a broad costate band, (d) a spiral line or two, body whorl marked below the costate band by coarse spiral lines and with more or less apparent lines of growth. Locality. Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Figured Type.—Texas State Museum. Pl. (Pleurotomella) anacona nov. sp. PI. 4, fig. 4. Specific characterization.—General form as figured; whorls 8; 1 nearly or quite smooth; 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 with (a) a broad slightly con- cave band showing very faint spiral strie and a deep retral curve in the longitudinal strize, (b) a slight basal carina with two or three strong spiral lines and rather faint, slightly oblique nodules; body whorl with more or less alternating coarse and fine spiral lines from the nodose carina to the end of the beak. Localities. —Well at Elgin, northeast corner of Bastrop County; Smiley’s Bluff, Brazos River, 2 miles above Pond Creek, and _per- haps on Rocky Cedar Creek, 5 miles west of Elmo. Geological horizon._-Midway Eocene. Type. —Texas State Museum. Pl. (Surcula) gabbi Con. PI. 4, fig. 5. Surcula gabbi Con., Am. Jour. Conch., vol. 1, 1865, p. 142, pl. 11, fig. 5. Pleurotoma platyzona Heilp., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1880, p. 150, fig. 3. Pleurotoma alveata Con., Coll. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. In adult specimens there are 12 whorls; of the 5 nuclear, 1, 2, and 3 are smooth, while 4 and 5 are prominently costate. Heilprin’s platyzona is an eroded specimen of this species. This is one of the commonest fossils in the Texan Lower Claiborne Eocene and is specially abundant in Bastrop, Burleson, Lee and Houston Counties. 1895.1 NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 57 Figured specimen.—Texas State Museum. : Type.—Probably the specimen in the Academy’s collection. Pl. (Sureula) moorei Gabb. PI. 4, fig. 6, a, b. Turris mooret Gabb, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 4, 1860, p. 378, pl. 67, fig. 11 (not fig. 9 as stated in Gabb’s text). Pleurotoma tuomeyi Aldrich, Bull. Geol. Sury. Ala., No. 1, 1886, p. 31, pl. 3, Sects tuomeyi Heilprin, Proc. Ac, Nat. Sci. Phila., 1890, p. 394. Surcula moorei Heilp., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1890, p. 394. This species shows considerable variation in form as indicated by figs. 6, 6a, 6b. The specimen in the collection of the Academy is of about the form and size of that represented by fig. 6, though it shows more prominent denticulations on the spire, approaching fig. 6b in this respect. Specimens of this species in the U.S. Nat. Mus. collection from Wood’s Bluff, Ala. , are slightly stouter in form, i.e., have a shorter spire. This, however, is not always the case, for Aldrich’s type from this locality is of nearly the normal form. The Alabama specimens all show denticulations on the upper spiral strize, a feature apparently overlooked by Aldrich when describing his Tuomeyi. Localities. Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Little Brazos River, Cedar Creek, Wheelock League, Robertson Co.; Mosley’s Ferry, Burleson Co.; Elm Creek, Lee Co.; Alabama Bluff, Trinity River, Houston Co., Texas. Also from Wood’s Bluff, Ala. Type.—Probably lost. Geological horizon.—Lignitic, and Lower Claiborne Eocene. Pleurotoma beadata nov. sp. PI. 4, fig. 7. Specific characterization.—General form as shown in the figure; whorls 9; 1, 2, 3 smooth, 4, 5 transversely costate, 6, 7, 8 obliquely costate, the costes most pronounced not far below the suture and dying out below, evenly and coarsely striate spirally; suture bor- dered below by a raised crenulated line; body whorl either costate on its humeral portion or plain; evenly striate spirally ; retral] sinus shallow, canal long, straight. Locality.—Smithyille, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Pleurotoma vanghani nov. sp. PI. 4, fig. 8. . Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls about 11; 1, 2, 3 smooth and very small, 4 nodular, 5 58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF (1898. 5 nodular andewith a subsutural line or band; 6, 7, 8, as 5, but also striate spirally; 9, 10 nodular costate, costee showing a slight tendency to become oblique, mainly confined to the lower moiety of the whorls, strongly striate below, and with two noticeably large strie on the carina, faintly striate above; body whorl with rather coarse spiral lines alternating in size from the carinal region to the end of the beak, supercarinal region faintly striate, costze obscure, labrum striate within. Localities. —Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Hurricane Bayou, Marsters’ Survey, Houston Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Kocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Pleurotoma huppertzi noy. sp. Pl. 4, fig. 9. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated in the figure; whorls 11; 1, 2 smooth, 3-10 somewhat inflated sub- medially, longitudinal costze obtuse, most prominent submedially, almost vanishing on the subsutural portions of the whorls, becoming short and nodular on the upper whorls, prominently striate spirally, the strize often irregular and waving on the medial portions of the whorls; body whorl costate and spirally striate, strie becoming of alternating strength on the beak. Localities —Bombshell Bluff, Colorado River, about 14 miles west-northwest of Devil’s Eye; Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. A very closely allied form occurs at Wood’s Bluff, Ala. The main difference consists in the different location of the retral sinus. In the Alabama specimens it is located on the humeral angle while in the Texan it is about one-third way from this angle to the suture. Geological horizon. —Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Variety penrosei nov. var. PI. 4, fig. 10. Differs from typical huppertzi in having the whorls more acutely carinated, the striation above the carina is evanescent, and the length of the canal is often less in proportion to the height of the spire. Localities.—Same as for huppertzi. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type specimen.—Texas State Museum. Pleurotoma leoncola nov. sp. “PL. 5, fig. 1. Specifie characterizution.—General form and size as indicated by CC — 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 59 the figure; whorls 9; apical 14 smooth, rather large, remaining whorls carinated centrally, and with evenly arranged rather low but distinct costze, more prominent below the carina than above it, twelve in number on the body whorl; surface microscopically striate spirally, and with very fine lines of growth; aperture a little over one-half the whole length of the shell; columella long and slightly twisted below. Locality.—7 miles south of Jewett, Leon Co. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Collection of T. H. Aldrich, Birmingham, Ala. Pl. (Drillia) dumblei noy. sp. PI. 5, fig. 2. Specific characterization. —Size and general form as indicated in the figure ; whorls about 10, strongly carinated, concave above, convex below, spiral strize much more noticeable below the carina than above it; beak short, twisted, umbilicated. Locality. —? Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Pl. (Drillia) dipta nov. sp. PI. 5, fig. 3. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as shown in the figure; whorls 9; 1, 2 smooth, 3 longitudinally costate, 4-8 medially carinate, carina ornamented by oblique nodules, just below the suture there is a raised line or band; body whorl] with less prominent carinal nodules, but with a few well-defined raised spiral lines ; canal short, slightly curved. Locality.—Baptizing Creek, Kimble Headright, Cherokee Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Pl. (Drillia) nodocarinata Gabb. PI. 5, fig. 4. Turris nodocarinala Gabb, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 4, 1860, p. 379, pl. 67, fig. 13. Gabb’s figure of this species is exceedingly poor and his types at the Philadelphia Academy are in a state of confusion. In one lot labelled “ Turris nodocarinata Gabb, Eocene, Tex.,” in Gabb’s handwriting may be seen 2. nodocarinata, young of P. moore, child- reni var., and terebriformis. On the card bearing the name Turris nodocarinata may be seen: Pl. nodocarinata, childreni var., and 60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. terebriformis. All those labelled Pl. nodocarinata in Heilprin’s Texan collection are terebriformis. The specimen herewith figured is large and well developed, while Gabb’s specimen was evidently small. The sutural crenulation dis- appears on the larger whorls. Fine revolving strize are often seen on the zone between the suture and carina. Localities. —Two miles above San José on the Rio Grande; Smith- ville, Bastrop Co.; Wheelock, Robertson Co.; Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos River, Burleson Co.; Cedar Creek, southeast corner of Wheelock League, Robertson Co.; Elm Creek, Lee Co.; Alabama Bluff, Trinity River, Houston Co. ; Hurricane Bayou, near Crockett, Houston Co.; 2 miles east of Alto, Cherokee Co.; 1 mile south of Nevilles, Gonzales Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Types.—? Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, : Pl. (Drillia) prosseri nov. sp. PI. 5, fig. 5. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls about 8; 1, 2, and sometimes 3, smooth; 4, 5, 6, 7 polished, a slightly raised band just below the suture, cost large, obtuse, and somewhat obliquely set; body whorl with sub- sutural band not well defined, humeral area slightly concave and gently waved by the upward extension of the ribs, which are very large below; beak slightly striate spirally. Localities. —Near Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Little Brazos River, near iron bridge on Mosley’s Ferry road; near Crockett, Houston County. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. This species is distinguished from huppertzi, kellogi, and varieties by its polished surface, its more pointed apex, the length and obliquity of the ribs, and its size. Pl. (Drillia) kellogi Gabb. PI. 5, fig. 6. Turris kellogi Gabb, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 4, 1860, p. 379, pl. 67, fig. 10. Surcula kellogi Con., Am. Jr. Conch., vol. 1, 1865, p. 18. Surcula kelloggi Heilp., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1890, p. 394. - The two type specimens in the Philadelphia Academy’s collection differ but little from the specimen herewith figured. The only point worthy of note is that in those specimens the length of the aperture —— 1895.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 61 is not quite so great in comparison with the whole length of the shell. This species is characterized mainly by its slim spire, blunt apex, and raised line at the suture. Localities —Hurricane Bayou, Marsters’ Sury., near Crockett, Houston Co., and, according to Gabb, ‘‘ Wheelock, Tex.’’ Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Pl. (Drillia) texacona, zom. mut. PI. 5, fig. 7. Drillia texana Con. non Gabb, Amer. Jr. Conch., vol. 1, 1865, p. 143. ° Localities.—Little Brazos River, near iron bridge on Mosley’s Ferry road; Cedar Creek, Wheelock League, Robertson Co. ; Jones’ farm, Hurricane Bayou, Houston Co.; Elm Creek, Lee Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Probably the specimens in the Academy of Natural Sci- ences of Philadelphia. Pl. (Drillia) texanopsis nov. sp. PI. 5, fig. 8. Specific characterization. —Form in general as figured, though the specimen drawn was young; whorls about 12; 1-5 smooth, tapering to a sharp point; other spiral whorls scarcely distinguishable from those of texacona, body whorl with faint revolving striw, becoming stronger below; beak long, straight. On the last or body whorl the costze often become obsolete and a more or less distinct carina is developed ; above which, or between which and the suture, the shoulder is slightly concave. Localities. Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Bombshell Bluff, Colorado River, Tex. Geological horizon. —Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Pleurotoma insignifica Heilp. PI. 5, fig. 9. Fusus nanus Lea, Cont. to Geol., 1833, p. 150, pl. 5, fig. 155. Pleurotoma insignifica Heilp., Proe. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1879, p. 213, pl. 13, fig. 9. ; Pleurotoma nana Meyer, Bericht Uber die Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Frankfurt, a. M. Sonder-Ausdruck, 1887, p. 18. Fusus ( Lirofusus) nanus De Greg., Mon. Faun. Eoe. Ala., p. 87. This species shows considerable variation at Claiborne. Asa rule the larger specimens are not so strongly carinated as the specimen herewith illustrated. The type specimen of Fusus nanus at the Philadelphia Academy has been compared with the Texan form and 62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. there seems to be no reason for doubting their identity. Meyer was right in referring this species to Pleurotoma, and Pl. nana would stand were it not for the fact that Deshayes in 1824 (Desc. Coq. Foss. des Eny. de Paris, p. 482, vol. 2, pl. 68, figs. 19, 20, 21, 22) used the same name for a Paris Basin shell. Cossman has referred Deshayes’ shell to the genus Homotoma (Bellardi, 1875) and has also referred other specimens to this genus which in general resemble Lea’s and Heilprin’s figures of nana Lea, and insignifica Heilp. At any rate the generic affinities of nana Lea, and nana Deshayes are too close to allow the retention of Lea’s name; accordingly Heilprin’s name, insignifica, must be adopted. Lea’s and Heilprin’s characterization of this form being very im- perfect, the following is offered :— Size and general form as shown by the figure; whorls 8-10; 1, 2, 3 smooth, 4-8 with (a) a subsutural line, (b) a broad, faintly marked concave zone, (c) a strong carinal stria and just above it sometimes a faint line, (d) a strong subcarinal revolving line; body whorl! with the subsutural line or band; the concave zone marked by curving longi- tudinal strize and faint spirals; carinal angle 110°; subcarinal space with about twenty-five revolving lines somewhat alternating in size; labrum within sometimes with one or two blunt, tooth-like elevations located back some distance from the margin. Localities. Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Little Brazos River, near iron bridge, on Mosley’s Ferry road. Also Claiborne, Ala. Geological horizon.—Lower and Upper Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Of nana at the Philadelphia Academy, off insignifica at Mus. Nat. Hist. N. Y. Pl. (Mangilia) infans Mr. P1. 5, fig. 10. ? Scobinella leviplicata Gabb, Jr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 4, 1860, p. 380, pl. Scobinelis leviplicata Ald., MS., pl. 1, fig. 11. Pleurotoma infans Meyer, Bull. Geol. Surv. Ala., No. 1, 1866, pl. 2, fig. 9. Meyer's specimens were evidently all young or imperfect, for in the well-grown examples from Texas there are four adult whorls. Moreover they show two large tooth-like projections on the inside of the labrum, and not unfrequently two small plaits on the columella. On the smooth sinus zone there is sometimes a fine spiral line, occa- sionally there are two. Localities—Meyer gives for localities Red Bluff, Newton, and Vicksburg, Miss. In the collection of the U. 8. Nat. Mus. it occurs Ce —— EEO a ——— 1895.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 63 from Calhoun Co., Fla. In Texas: Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Col- lege Sta., Brazos Co.; 2 miles west of Crockett, and on Jones’ farm, Hurricane Bayou, Houston Co.; Collard’s farm, Town Branch, Brazos Co. : Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene, Vicksburg Eocene, Lower Miocene. Type. — Aldrich’s collection. Pl. (Borsonia) plenta nov. sp. (by Ald. and Har.). PI. 5, fig. 11, a. Specific characterization.—General form as indicated by the figure; whorls 13 or 14; 1, 2, 3 smooth, globose; 4 slightly nodular orsub- costate submedially and with an elevation just below the suture ; 4, 6, 7 subcarinate with nodules on the carinz; 8, 9, 10, 11 carinate submedially, carina bisected by a depressed spiral line; space be- tween the carina and suture above concave, traversed by about six spiral strize of equal size, with a slightly elevated band just below the suture; 12 and 13 obtusely carinate with about six fine lines above and four below; body whorl finely striated above the carina and for a short distance below, thence coarsely or alternately striate to the end of the canal; outer lip sharp, lire within exelusively con- " fined to the inflated portion of the shell and disappearing some dis- tance before reaching the margin of the lip; inner lip very thin showing only on well-preserved specimens; columella with one strong plait located three-fourths of the way from the base to the upper terminus of the aperture. In a few specimens there are traces of a second plait on the colu- mella a short distance below the one referred to above. Localities. —Smithville, Bastrop Co. (rare); Wheelock, Robert- son Co.; Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos River, Burleson Co.; Cedar Creek, Wheelock League, Robertson Co.; College Sta., Brazos Co.; Camp- bell Creek, Robertson Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Pl. (Eucheilodon) reticulatoides noy. sp. Pl. 5, fig. 12. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls about 10; 1, 2, 3 smooth, tapering rapidly to a point; 4 more or less costate; remaining whorls ornamented as fol- lows: just below the suture, a raised line or band, below which a sunken zone is marked in the larger whorls by from one to three 64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. spiral incised lines crossed obliquely by lines of growth giving this portion of the whorl a cancellated appearance; on the body whorl, below the three or four cancellated strong medial spiral lines, there are from 15 to 18 more or less crenulated spiral lines, tending in some instances to alternate in size; labrum within with strong lira- tions; columella rather long, straight, and with one strong plait located above the middle, below which there are generally several minor folds, decreasing in size downward. In many of its features this species is intermediate between the young of Borsonia plenta as here figured and Eucheilodon reticulata. Locality.—Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos River, Tex. Type. —Texas State Museum. Pl. (Taranis) finexa nov. sp. Pl. 5, fig. 13. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls 6; 2 nuclear, smooth; remaining whorls with (a) a subsutural raised ridge, (b) a strong medial carina, (c) a prominent raised line between the carina and the suture below, (d) fine coste passing perpendicularly on the lower half of the whorl and obliquely to the left from the carina to the.suture above; body whorl bicari- nate, between the two carinie, a strong raised line, below the carina : about six raised spiral lines; columella slightly concave; labrum within showing channels and ridges corresponding to the exterior marking. Locality.—Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Pl. (Clathurella?) fanne nov. sp. Pl. 5, fig. 14. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls 7; 1-3 smooth, 4 finely and obliquely costate, remaining whorls cancellated by narrow coste and 1 super-humeral and 4 sub-humeral raised lirse ; columella long, straight, and smooth. Locality.—Collier’s Ferry, Brazos River, Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum, Pl. (Bela) rebecce nov. sp. PI. 5, fig. 15. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as shown by the figure; whorls 7; 1 and 2 small, smooth, 3 finely costate longitudi- nally; remaining whorls with (a) a sub-sutural raised line, (b) one 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 65 or two humeral lines, (c) one prominent line on the humeral angle, (d) many alternating lines below, (e) numerous costz (15 on the * body whorl), most prominent on the humeral angle. Locality.—Smithyille, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.——Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus CANCELLARIA. Cancellaria panones nov. sp. PI. 6, fig. 1. : Specific characterization.—Size and general form as shown in the figure; whorls 5; 1 and 2 smooth; 3 and 4 with sharp Scala-like costze, shoulder narrow, slightly convex; body whorl shouldered as 3 and 4, with about fifteen smooth sharp costze, spirally striate below; mouth ovate triangular, with about ten labrum crenulz and three columellar folds ; umbilicus not very large. In this species the ribs are often somewhat irregular. On the spiral whorls two or three ribs are considerably larger than the others. The costze just behind the aperture are generally -of small size or evanescent. Localities. —Smithville, Bastrop Co.; 2 miles east of Alto, Chero- kee Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. C. panones, var. smithvillensis nov. var. PI. 6, fig. 2. Differs from the typical form in having spiral strize ; about four on the lower spiral whorls and fourteen on the body whorl. The mouth is slightly larger in proportion to the length of the shell. Localities. —Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Little Brazos River, near iron bridge on Mosley’s Ferry road; Orrell’s crossing, Elm Creek, Lee Co., Tex. Geological horizon.— Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.— Texas State Museum. C. panones, var. junipera nov. var. PI. 6, fig. 3. In this variety the spiral strize are quite numerous, the mouth is small in comparison with the length of the shell, and there are but twd prominent columellar folds. Localities. Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Bluff on Colorado River, just below the mouth of Alum Creek, not far above Smithville; 66 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. Cedar Creek, southeast corner of Wheelock League, Robertson Co., Tex. Geological horizon.— Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Cancellaria penrosei nov. sp. P1. 6, fig. 4. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls 5; 1, 2, 24 smooth; 3, 4 cancellated by about 18 sharp ribs over which pass 5 spiral lines, the uppermost on the humeral angle and some little distance above the others; body whorl with about eighteen costze and twelve revolving lines, the uppermost of which, on the humeral angle is separated from the next below by a double space; aperture with two columellar folds and about six labral crenulze; umbilicus moderate. Surface not polished as in the two above-described species. Localities. Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Dr. Williams’ quarry, R. Stephenson’s Headright, Brazos Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Cancellaria bastropensis nov. sp. PI. 6, fig. 5. Specific characterization. —Size and general form as shown in the figure; whorls 7; nuclear whorls 23, of which two are smooth, and the last half finely cancellated; 4, 5, 6 somewhat irregularly cos- tate, about ten costze on the penultimate whorl; spiral strize few and strong on the sides of the whorls, but becoming more closely set and finer on the subsutural region ; body whorl with irregular, obtuse costze crossed by about fourteen spiral lines, strong medially but de- creasing in size towards the suture; labral dentes six on a raised ridge; columella with two distinct folds and a rudimentary third be- low ; umbilicus rudimentary. Locality. —Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Cancellaria ulmula nov. sp. PI. 6, fig. 6. Specific characteristics.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls 4; 1,2 smooth; 3 with seven spiral strize ; body whorl with about eighteen strong revolving lines and an equal number of intercalated fine striz, lines of growth prominent; columella with — 1895.] - NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 67 two prominent folds on its central portion and a third, rudimentary one below; umbilicus small. Locality.— Elm Creek, Lee Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Cancellaria ellapsa Con., Amer. Jour. Conch., vol. 1, 1865, p. 212, pl. 21 (not 20), fig. 8. This Conrad describes as an Eocene species from Texas, but it proves upon examination to be nothing but “ Trichotropis cancellaria Con.,” a species described by Conrad from the Ripley Cretaceous beds of Mississippi. The Texas specimen was probably derived from the upper Cretaceous not far below Austin. Genus VOLVARIA. Volvaria gabbiana nov. sp. PI. 6, fig. 7. Marginetla ( Volvaria) gabbiana Ald., MS., pl. 2, fig. 13. Specific characterization. —Size and general form as shown by the figure; whorls 3; 1, smooth; 2, spirally striate; body whorl long cylindrical, spirally striate with faint punctations in the strix; labrum sharp-edged ; labium with four basal folds varying in size as follows: at base a moderate sized fold, above, a stronger one, still above, a moderate sized one, and above all, a very faint one. Localities. —Devil’s Eye, Colorado River, Bastrop Co. ; bluff just below the mouth of Alum Creek, Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus VOLUTILITHES. Volutilithes dalli nov. sp. PI. 6, fig. 8, a. Caricella reticulata Heilp., on Ald., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1890, p. 396. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figures; whorls about 7; spiral whorls and shoulder of the body whorl generally coarsely cancellated with revolving lines and trans- verse coste; humeral angle of the body whorl often spinose; medial portion of the body whorl with finer but very distinct revolving strize and fine lines of growth; base of body whorl as in other mem- bers of this genus; labrum strongly lirate within; columella with two well-defined oblique plaits and sometimes one or more rudimen- tary ones. The amount of reticulation or ornamentation possessed by different 68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. individuals of this species varies greatly. Some specimens are quite smooth on the medial portion of the body whorl, and show but slight irregularities on the shoulder. A form of this character is shown in fig. 8a. Such specimens have usually two well-marked folds on the columella and no trace of additional ones. This species is evidently related to V. haleanus Whitfd., but is less strongly sculptured, and wants the peculiar concave humeral zone of that species. Moreover, hal/eanus has three distinct and well- defined columellar plaits. This species is named in honor of W. H. Dall, the well-known authority on Volutidae. Localities. —Smithville; Cedar Creek, Robertson Co., Tex. Horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum, ‘Genus CARICELLA. Caricella demissa Con., var. texana Gabb. PI. 6, fig. 9. Cimbiola texana Gabb, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 4, p. 382, pl. 67, fig. 33. Caricella demissa Harris, Exp. Sta. Rept., pt. 1, Geol. and Agr., 1892. A Pre- liminary Report upon the Hills of La., by Otto Lerch, p. 29. Gabb cites his C. texana from “* Wheelock, Tex.’? His specimen was evidently small and badly preserved. Normally there are six whorls. The columella is considerably recurved, but this is a feature that could not be determined from a specimen lacking its anterior canal as did Gabb’s type. The ornamentation of the spiral whorls consists of revolving lines, more distinct above, and more or less regular and apparent longitudinal plaits. Below the suture there is a slight constriction. Localities. —Smithyille, Bastrop Co.; Alabama Bluff Trinity River, Houston Co.; Hurricane Bayou, Houston Co., Tex. Also near Mt. Lebanon, Bienville Parish, La. Geological horizon of this variety.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Caricella subangulata Conrad, var. cherokeensis nov. var. PI. 6, fig. 10. Variety characteristics. —Size and general form as indicated in the figure; whorls 5; 1 mammillated; 2, 3, 4 spirally striate, suture distinct ; body whorl shouldered, spirally striate above and also at the base of the whorl; columellar plaits four, the lower two more oblique. Typical subangulata is larger, but with about one less whorl, and with lower and more obtuse spire. ‘ 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 69 Localities. —Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos River, Burleson Co.; two miles west of Crockett, Houston Co.; Collier’s Ferry, Burleson Co. ; two miles east of Alto, Cherokee Co. ; Collard’s farm, Sparks’ Head- right, Brazos Co., Texas. Geological horizon of the variety.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type of the variety.—Texas State Museum. Genus TURRICULA. Turricula (Conomitra) texana nov. sp. PI. 6, fig. 11. Specific characterization. —Size and form as indicated in the figure; whorls 5; nuclear whorl obtuse, smooth; other spiral whorls orna- mented by longitudinal costz, and a slight, subsutural depression; body whorl! with much more numerous cost, a slight subsutural de- pression, surface without a trace of spiral lines and polished ; colu- mella 4-plaited, the penultimate the largest; labrum crenulate within. Localities. —Well at College Sta., Brazos Co.; Alabama Bluff, Trinity River, Houston Co.; Hurricane Bayou, near Crockett, Hous- ton Co.; Collard’s farm, Town Branch, Brazos Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus LEVIFUSUS. Levifusus trabeatoides nov. sp. PI. 6, fig. 12, a. Fusus trabeatus Heilp. (not Con.), Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1890, p. 395. Specific characterization. —General form as figured; whorls 8 or 9; 1, 2, 3 smooth and polished, 4 sub-biangulate, 5, 6 with one spiral line just below the suture and two or three more near the base of each whorl where they are crossed by sharp, fine, coste, 7 evenly striate spirally showing more or less distinct costee and curving lines of growth; body whorl evenly striate, bicarinate, with faint indica- tions of tubercles on each carina, lines of growth with a retral curve above the upper carina resembling those of Surcu/a; labrum strongly striate within. Below the two prominent carinz there is a third faint one. Large old specimens sometimes show on the body whorl one very strong carina above, while the two lower are rudimentary. Fragments have been obtained which would indicate a total length of an entire specimen of at least three inches. The generic name Levifusus, as far as the writer is aware, has never been characterized ; yet since Conrad has referred to it the 70 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [ 18965. species formerly described as Fusus trabeatus and Busycon? blakei, its characters must be fairly familiar to every worker in Tertiary paleontology. ‘They may be summed up as follows: — Shell of Fulgurate aspect and affinities (not Fusoid as the name unfortunately indicates) ; with three caring on the body whorl, the uppermost strongest and generally spinose, the second less distinct and less frequently spinose, the third or lowest generally faint and obtuse and with no signs of tubercles or spines. Besides the two species referred to this genus by Conrad, the writer has added two more, viz., Levifusus branneri, originally de- scribed from the White Bluff horizon of Arkansas, and L. trabeat- oides. . At Wood’s Bluff, Ala., there is a form of Levifusus with charac- ters intermediate between JL. trabeatus and L. trabeatoides and it is doubtless the ancestral type of both. This prototype may then be regarded as having produced the true L. trabeatus in Alabama, while in Texas the L. trabeatoides was developed. L. blakei is somewhat more tuberculate on its uppermost carina than L. trabeatus or L. trabeatoides but is not so strongly marked as L. branneri; the last-mentioned species the writer has recently found in typical Jackson Eocene deposits at Moody’s Branch, Jackson, Miss. Localities.—Rio Grande, 2 miles above San José, Tex.; Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos River; Colorado River, bluff just below the mouth of Alum Creek; Rio Grande, 15 miles below Carrizo; Little Brazos River, near iron bridge on Mosley’s Ferry road; Brazos River, 500 yards below the mouth of Little Brazos; Cedar Creek, southeast corner of Wheelock League, Robertson Co.; Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Alum Bluff, Trinity River, Houston Co.; Campbell Creek, Robert- son Co.; 2 miles west of Crockett, Houston Co.; northwest corner of Madison Co.; Jones’ farm, Hurricane Bayou, Houston Co.; Orrell’s crossing, Elm Creek, Lee Co.; cutting on Houston, East & West Texas R. R., 4 miles north of Corrigan, Polk Co.; southeast corner of Frio Co.; southeast of Campbellton, south of Lipan Creek, Atas- cosa Co. Also at Gibbsland, Bienville Park, La., and Walnut Bluff, Ouachita River, Ark. Feological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.——Texas State Museum. 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 71 Genus LATIRUS. Latirus singleyi nov. sp. PI. 6, fig. 13. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as shown by the figure; whorls 9?; 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 marked by obtuse rounded ribs, which extend from suture to suture, by five strong, waving spiral lines on each whorl, and by fine, sharp, and even lines of growth most plainly visible between the costze; body whorl with six obtuse costze and about 24 raised spiral lines which, in the humeral region, consists of one strong series between which finer lines alternate, but below all become equal; lines of growth sharp and distinct, but fine ; -columella with two strong, oblique folds and a rudimentary one be- low; labium extending in a thin polished plate over the columella; umbilicus rudimentary. Locality.—Elm Creek, Lee Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Latirus singleyi var. PI. 6, fig. 13a. This is smaller than the typical form and more slender with less distinct lines of growth. Locality. —Hurricane Bayou, near Crockett, Houston Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus STREPSIDURA. Strepsidura ficus Gabb. PI. 7, fig. 1. Whitneya ficus Gabb, Geol. Surv. Cala., Paleont., vol. 1, 1864, p. 104, pl. 28, fig. 216. ? Bulbifusus inauratus Heilp., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1890, p. 396. The specimen figured is about one-half the size of the California types and is eroded at the summit. Other specimens, though upon the whole less perfect, show the surface markings much better than the figured specimen does. Localities. —‘ Ft. Téjon, Cal.,”” Gabb; Alum Creek Bluff, Colo- rado River, not far above Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon. —Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus FUSUS. Fusus bastropensis nov. sp. PI. 7, tig. 2. Specific characterization. —Size and general form as indicated in the figure; whorls 13 or 14; 1 and 2 very minute, smooth, 3 and 4 transversely costate, 5-12 with nodose obtuse ribs, distinct in 5, 6, 72 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. etc., but less marked in 11 and 12, crossed by six or seven spiral raised lines, coarse or strong near the base of each whorl; one spiral line, generally the second from the base forms a slight carination on the whorls; body whorl with broad nodulations, about seven in num- ber, and with strong spiral raised lines, the two on the largest part of the whorls being largest, above which there are two or three well- marked lines and below which to the end of the canal the lines gradually decrease in size and are more or less alternating; labrum, as far as observed, non-striate within; columella long, smooth, and straight. This resembles somewhat F. meyeri Ald. Localities. —Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Also in Claiborne and Bienville Parishes, La. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Coll. of G. D. Harris. Fusus ostrarupis nov. sp. PI. 7, fig. 3. c Specific characterization.—General form as figured; whorls 8; 1 and 2 smooth and polished, 3 sometimes polished, with long, undu- lating costee, 4, 5, 6, 7 evenly striate spirally, and with seven or eight longitudinal costze; costze decreasing in size about or just be- low the suture where a slightly depressed zone occurs; body whorl with eight or ten costsze somewhat variable in size, subsutural zone much compressed, spiral strize moderately even but slightly strongest. on the largest part of the whorl; labrum strongly striate within; columella recurving; umbilicus rudimentary. Locality.—Smiley’s Bluff, Brazos River, 2 miles above the mouth of Pond Creek, Milam Co., Tex. Oyster Bluff of Penrose’s Report. Geological horizon.—Midway Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Fusus mortoni, var. mortoniopsis Gabb. PI. 7, fig. 4. Fusus mortoni Lea, var. carexus nov. var. PI. 7, fig. 5. Differs from mortoniopsis Gabb, which is doubtless a variety only of mortoni Lea, by having a strong carina, one additional spiral line on the shoulder and less strongly alternating on the canal. The shell is much broader in proportion to its height and has a lower spire. Locality.— Between Orrell’s and Evergreen Crossing, E]m Creek ; Lee Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. EEO 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 73 Genus CLAVILITHES. Clavilithes regexus noy. sp. PI. 7, fig. 6. This species is too poorly represented in the collection of the Sur- vey to admit of complete characterization specifically. It is compar- able in size with C. penrosei Heilp., and resembles the latter in the lower part of the whorls and in the long, smooth columella. Above, however, it shows no traces of a shoulder, the whorls are slightly flattened laterally, and are smooth and polished. Localities. —Near McBee School-house, Cherokee Co.; between Orrell’s and Evergreen Crossing, Elm Creek, Lee Co.; 2 miles west of Crockett, Houston Co.; Berryman Place, Kimble Headright, Cherokee Co.; 3 miles north of Crockett, Houston Co. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Collection. Clavilithes humerosus Conrad, var. texanus nov. var. PI. 7, fig. 7. Differs from typical hwmerosus in having the sides of the body whorl nearly rectilinear, in having a more prominent shoulder at the suture, and in being of a smaller size generally. Many specimens approach closely Clavilithes longevus of the middle Eocene of Europe. Localities. —Near McBee school-house, Cherokee Co.; Alum Creek Bluff, Colorado River, Bastrop Co.; Wilson Reid Headright, Brazos Co.; Hurricane Bayou, Hodge’s Headright, Houston Co.; north- west corner of Madison County; Collier’s Ferry, Burleson Co. ; Collard farm, Sparks’ Headright, Brazos Co., Tex. Also in Clai- borne and Bienville Parishes, La., and 2) miles east of Newton, near Enterprise, Miss. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Clavilithes kennedyanus nov. sp. PI, 7, fig. 8. Specific characterization.—General form as figured; whorls 10 or 12; 1 and 2 probably smooth; 3-10 with nodular ribs most promi- nent on the lower portions of the whorls, crossed by raised spiral lines and by even lines of growth; body whorl in the type specimen very poorly preserved, but showing few signs of coste; columella ponderous. Locality. —Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon. —Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. 6 74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. Clavilithes’ (Papillina) dumosus Con., var. trapaquarus nov. var. PI. 8, fig. 1. Fusus (Papillina) dumosus Harris, La, Exp. Sta., 1892. Rept. on the Hills of La., p. 29. This is a heavier, more solid form than the typical dumosus; it has about two more spines on the body whorl and has a smaller apex. Localities. —Brazos River, 1 mile below Milam- Burleson County line; near McBee School-house, Cherokee Co.; Alum Bluff, Trinity River, Houston Co.; 5 miles west of Crockett, Houston Co. ; Hurri- cane Bayou, Marsters’ Survey, near Crockett, Collier’s Ferry, Bra- zos River, Burleson Co.; north of College, Crockett, Houston Co. ; Dr. Collard’s farm, Sparks Headrizht, Brazos Co. In Louisiana, near Mt. Lebanon, Bienville Parish. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus CHRYSODOMUS. Chrysodomus parbrazana nov. sp. PI. 7, fig. 9. Specific characterization.—General size and form as indicated by the figure; whorls 6; spiral whorls smooth, with a faint subsutural spiral line; body whorl ornamented with the subsutural line and about ten basal spiral lines ; outer lip sharp edged, lirate within. Locality.—Little Brazos River, near iron bridge, on Mosley’s Ferry road. Geological horizon. — Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type. —Texas State Museum. Genus ASTYRIS. Astyris bastropensis nov.sp. PI. 8, fig. 2. Specific characterization. —General form and size as indicated by the figure; whorls 10; 1, 2, 3 smooth and polished; 4 costate; 5-9 smooth and polished, sometimes one spiral line at base of 8 and 9; body whorl smooth above the upper terminus of the aperture, strongly striate below. The general outline of the shell is strikingly like that of Turricula polita. Locality.—Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus MUREX. Murex fusates nov. sp. PI. §, fig. 5. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls 8; 1, 2, 3, 4 smooth and polished, very small ; 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 75 5, 6, 7 with about three coarse revolving raised lines, with obtuse regular longitudinal costze; body whorl with regular strong raised lines on its larger portion and finer ones below, also with seven obtuse costze over which the spiral lines pass; labrum with five or six crenulations within; a basal Nassa-like fold on the columella. In a general way this species resembles W/. vanuxemi Con., but the costze are very different and show no signs of forming acute angles, folds or spines. Locality.—Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. . Subgenus ODONTOPOLYS. M. (Odontopolys) compsorhytis Gabb. PI. 8, fig. 6. M. ( Odont.) compsorhytis Gabb, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 4, 1860, p. 377, pl. 67, fig. 16. Murex sp.? Harris, La. Exp. Sta., Rept. on Hills of La., pt. 1, 1892, p. 29. According to Gabb the type of this species came from Wheelock, Tex., and was deposited in the collections of the Smithsonian Insti- tution. Unfortunately it has been lost. The State Survey’s collec- tion has yielded no specimens of this species, but in the U. S. National Museum there is a specimen collected by T. Wayland Vaughan, from Hammett’s branch, 2 miles east of Mt. Lebanon, Bienville Parish, La. This is herewith figured. Gabb’s figure of this species is very poor, while his description is good. His figure has been copied in Tryon’s Structural and Syste- matic Conchology, vol. 2, 1883, pl. 43, fig. 4, and this in turn is copied in De Gregorio’s Monograph Faun. Eoc. Ala., pl. 6, fig. 47. Meyer’s Odontopolys triplicata, Sonder-A bdruck aus “ Bericht tiber die Senkenbergische Gesellschaft in Frankfurt a. M.,” 1887, p. 7, pl. 1, fig. 6, is a Volute, perhaps the young of V. petrosus. Genus PSEUDOLIVA. Pseudoliva ostrarupis nov. sp. I’l. 8, fig. 3, a. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as figured ; volu- tions 6, spiral whorls shouldered and somewhat costate ; suture ob- scured by folise developed by the intermittent mode of growth of the sutural callosity; body whorl below scarcely distinguishable from the non-umbilicate varieties of Ps. vetusta, while above, the shoulder and the sutural folie at once definitely characterize the species. Geological horizon. —Midway Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Pseudoliva ostrarupis, var. pauper nov. var. PI. 8, fig. 4. Genus TENUISCALA. Tenuiscala trapaquara nov. sp. PI. 8, fig. 7. Specific characterization. —Size and general form as shown by the figure; whorls 12 or more; nuclear 4 smooth and polished; 5-11 traversed by fine sharp longitudinal costee and numerous spiral lines, the latter consisting of five coarse lines occupying the medial and basal portions of the whorl and as many microscopic lines on a sub- sutural zone; body whor] generally but imperfectly preserved, sculp- turing as in the whorls immediately above, the base, however, being exposed, shows from 12 to 15 strong spiral lines. Localities. —Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos River, Burleson Co. ; Smith- ville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. | 76 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF (1895. Locality. —Smiley’s Bluff, Brazos River, 2 miles above the mouth of Pond Creek, Milam Co., Tex. | ‘ | | Type.—Texas State Museum. ' T. trapaquara, var. engona nov. var. Slightly shorter, more angulated, and with a broad subsutural band without strong revolving striz. Locality.—Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.— Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus PYRAMIDELLA. Pyramidella bastropensis nov. sp. Pl 8, fig. 9. Specific characterization. —Size and general form as shown by the figure; whorls 13 or 14, polished; suture channelled; one sharp strong fold on the columella. This species resembles to some extent E. perexilis Con., but differs from it by being broader at base and more rapidly tapering in the lower four or five whorls. Locality.— Smithville, Bastrop Co. , Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. 1895.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 77 Genus SYRNOLA. Syrnola trapaquara nov. sp. PI. 8, fig. 10. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls 7; 1 small, sinistral; 2—7 polished, slightly tumid, with a well-marked suture; aperture moderate, striate within; one strong plait on the columella. Localities. —Smithville, Bastrop Co.; Jones’ farm, Hurricane Bayou, Houston Co., and in Mr. Singley’s collection from Mosley’s Ferry. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus PYRULA. P. (‘Fusoficula) texana nov. sp. PI. 8, fig. 11. Odontopolys texana Aldr. Labelled specimens from Aldrich, now in the U.S. Nat. Mus. Volutilithes ? recta Aldr., MS. plates, pl. 2, figs. 12, 12a. Specific characterization.—General form as indicated by the figure; whorls (in a mature specimen) at least 6; apex obtuse; whorls 1, 2 smooth; 3 spirally striate in part, and in part striate and costate; 4 and 5 with spiral raised lines alternating in size, and with longi- tudinal folds or costs, the latter occasionally becoming varicose; body whorl marked by four spiral lines on the humeral region, be- low by three series of spiral lines, and by about twenty rather irregular longitudinal cost; outer margin of the labrum sharp, within thickened and with rather irregular crenules; columella gen- erally smooth; but sometimes with two irregular swellings just below the point of greatest curvature. This is a very strange form. The apex is very obtuse and the nuclear whorls as a whole are generally deflected somewhat from the axis of the adult shell. So far the species is a true Pyrula. More- over the striation is that of Pyru/a, but the costation is more irregu- lar than in any of the known species of that genus; in fact it varies from moderately fine Pyrula-like lines to strong varices. The swellings of the columella, though in no wise true plaits, are worthy of note. They are evidently of the same origin and nature as those in Mazzalina. Localities. —Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos River, Burleson Co., Little Brazos River, near iron bridge; Cedar Creek, Lee Co.; Dunn's 78 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. Ranch, Robertson Co. This species is also found in various places in Bienyille Parish, La., and in Mississippi 24 miles east of Newton. Geological horizon. —Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus CYPREA. Cyprea kennedyi nov. sp. PI. 8, fig. 12, a. . Specific characterization.—General form and size as indicated by the figures; oral or front surface strongly ribbed transversely, ribs tending to divaricate; mouth moderately wide above, broad submedi- ally and contracted below with one plait-like fold on either side; back smooth except near the margins where there are strong radi- ating lines. Locality.—Dr. Collard’s farm, Town Branch, Sparks Headright, Brazos Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—-Texas State Museum. Genus RIMELLA. Rimella texana nov. sp. PI. 9, fig. 1, Specific characterization. —Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls 11; 1 exceedingly small, smooth; 2, 3, 4, 5 smooth and polished; 6, 7 faintly and finely cancellated; 8 with small longi- tudinal “plicze crossed by minute spiral strize; 9, 10 more strongly plicate longitudinally, plicze most strongly developed midway of the whorls; body whorl! plicate superiorly though not immediately below the suture; spiral stris very fine over the plicse but coarse above and very coarse below; outer lip acute below, thick and reflected above, medially forming a right angle; inner lip well defined, uniting with the outer above and forming a canal that passes up the spire rather more than half-way to the apex, recurving descends the width of a whorl or two; columella long and pointed, deflected back- ward. Localities.—Colorado River, Devil’s Eye, Bastrop Co.; Brazos River, about one mile below the Milam-Burleson County line; Mos- ley’s Ferry (Singley’s collection); Collier’s Ferry, Burleson Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. - Type.—Texas State Museum. Rimella texana, var. plana noy. var. PI. 9, fig. 2. In this form, which is probably only a variety of the foregoing, 1895.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 79 the posterior canal extends nearly or quite to the apex of the spire, and recurving descends to near the body whorl. The only orna- mentation is the spiral striation at the base of the body whorl, and sometimes faint costze near the apex. Localities—Two miles east of Alto, Cherokee Co.; near McBee School-house, Cherokee Co.; Collier’s Ferry, Brazos River; 2 miles west of Alto, Cherokee Co.; Sulphur Springs, Rusk Co. ; Robbins’ well, Houston Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus CERITHIUM. Cerithium webbi nov. sp. PI. 9, fig. 3. "Specific characterization. —General form of young specimens as shown in the figure; whorls about 9; spiral ones marked by two submedial approximate spiral rows of crenules or nodes above which, and just below the suture, is a third row with smaller crenulations ; suture deep and broad; body whorl marked somewhat as those above though the lower submedial row of crenules is faint, and below it to the end of the beak occur spiral raised lines of varying strength; the entire surface is apparently covered with minute revolving lines ; lines of growth on the body whorl start at right angles to the suture above, pass downward to the middle of the whorl, curve gradually forward and, after reaching the base of the whorl, slowly again curve backward and pass downward on the canal. Locality.—Rio Grande, 13 miles by river below Laredo, or 9 by river above the Webb-Zapata County line, Texas side. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Cerithium penrosei nov. sp. P1. 9, fig. 4. Specific characterization. —W horls at least 15, gradually tapering, ornamented as follows: by (1) about seven laterally compressed, oblique subcentral or basal nodes, or costze on each whorl, those on the smaller whorls of the spire not so distinctly defined as represented by the figure; by (2) spiral lines or striz, about five of which are strong and occupy the lower one-third of each whorl, three or four more are finer and occupy a narrow, irregular central zone, while four or five more occupy the upper or non-costate portion of the whorls. 80 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. The costw on the several whorls are arranged in lines correspond- ing in direction to the obliquity of the cost. Unfortunately only fragments of this large Cerithiwm have been found; it doubtless measured eight or ten inches in length when en- tire. Locality.—Smiley’s Bluff, Brazos River, 2 miles abové the mouth of Pond Creek, Milam Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Midway Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus MESALIA. Mesalia claibornensis (on. (MS). PI. 9, fig. 5. Specific characterizations.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls about 15; sides of the whorls nearly rectilinear; sides of the spire taken as a whole slightly concave; surface of each whorl ornamented by spiral lines of three sizes, of which there are from five to seven of the first and second, and double that number of the third magnitude, the latter are mere striz; lines of growth faint or obscure; suture well defined but very narrow. This species is similar in some respects to Conrad’s Mesalia vetusta, but can at once be distinguished by the following differences: clai- bornensis has two or three more whorls; the sides of the spires are concave and not convex as in that of vetusta; the suture is less dis- tinctly marked by a shoulder below it; there is a total lack of those strong lines or folds of growth so characteristic of vetusta ; the lower angulation of the body whorl is more sharply defined. Localities. —Colorado River, Devil’s Eye, Bastrop Co.; Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos River; Wheelock, Robertson Co.; Little Brazos River; Cedar Creek, Wheelock League, Walker’s and Mont- gomery’s farm, Robertson Co.; College Sta., Brazos Co. (from a well 1,200 feet deep); Elm Creek, near Benchley’s; Wm. Reid Head- right, Brazos Co.; Elm Creek, Lee Co.; Berryman’s Place, Cherokee Co.; Alabama Bluff, Trinity River, Houston Co.; 5 miles west of Crockett, and Hurricane Bayou, Houston Co.; northwest corner of Madison Co. ; 5 miles northeast of Crockett, on Rusk road; along Elm Creek, from Orrell’s to Price’s crossing; Lewis’ house, 2 miles east of Alto, Cherokee Co.; Dr. Collard’s farm, Town Branch, Sparks Head- right, Brazos Co.; Dunn’s Ranch, Gafford Headright, Robertson Co.; Walker’s pasture, Wheelock Prairie, Robertson Co.; Bonita EE —— = 1895.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. al Creek, Pleasanton, Atascosa Co., Tex. Also 5 miles southeast of Gibbsland, and 2 miles southeast of Mt. Lebanon, Bienville Parish, La.; 4 miles west of Enterprise, Miss. ; base of bluff at Claiborne, Ala. Specimens from the last-mentioned locality are somewhat less broad at base, more strongly striated spirally, and with slightly more rounded yolutions than the typical Texan form. In the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia these Lower Claiborne forms are labelled by Conrad ‘‘ Mesalia claibornensis.’’ I am not aware that the species has ever before been figured or de- scribed. It is one of the most abundant and characteristic of the Texan Eocene. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus TURRITELLA. Turritella nasuta Gabb, var. houstonia nov. var. , Pl. 9, fig. 6. This variety differs from typical nasuta in being much broader at base, and having its whorls rounded or slightly carinated submedi- ally. It is generally somewhat larger than the typical form, and is closely related to Conrad’s Mesalia lintea. Localities.—Rio Grande, at Webb-Zapata County line; Elm Creek, near Benchley; Alum Bluff Trinity River, Houston Co.; Dunn Ranch, Robertson Co. Also in South Carolina, near Orangeburg AS Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Turritella dumblei nov. sp. PI. 9, fig. 7. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as shown by the figure; whorls about 15; the lower two to four show an obtuse basal carination while above, this feature is not so apparent; surface marked by raised spiral lines alternating in size, the carinal zones of the lower whorls are marked by two somewhat stronger lines; lines of growth plainly cutting the spiral lines and causing them to appear under a glass like diminutive strings of beads. This species reminds one somewhat of 7’, a/abamiensis Whitf., but is most probably nearest allied to T. infragranulata Gabb (Geol. Surv. Cal., Pal., vol. 1, 1864, p. 212, pl. 32, fig. 279), from near Martinez, Cal. Wherever the lines of growth are strong over the basal carina they tend to produce an “infra-granu/ata”’ appearance. 82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF (1895. Localities. —Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos River, Burleson Co.; Cedar Creek, Wheelock League; well at College Sta., Brazos Co. ; Camp- bell Creek, Robertson Co. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Turritella dutexata nov. sp. PI. 9, fig. 8. Specific characterization.—W horls (in a complete specimen) about 15; all marked by two subcentral carinal lines together with one small one just below and one just above the suture. Besides the ornamentation shown on the specimen figured, there are usually about four spiral strize on each whorl between the upper earinal and subsutural line; between the two strong carinal lines there is often a faint stria; likewise one often appears just below the lower carina. When fully striated this species bears a general re- semblance to 7. arenicola and T. arenicola var. branneri, but may be distinguished at once by the persistency of the bicarinate feature of the whorls to the very apex. The apical whorls of J. arenicola and variety are unicarinate somewhat as in 7. carinata H. C. Lea (T. apita De Greg.). It will be observed that in Meyer’s carefully drawn figure of 7. carinata H. C. Lea, in the Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1887, p. 54, pl. 3, fig. 1, la, two carinz are represented on each whorl, but it is the upper one which predominates on the apical whorls; in dutexata it is the lower. Localities. —Elm Creek, Lee Co. : Taylor’s well, 5 miles south- east of Franklin, Robertson Co. (specimens in the U. S. Nat. Mus.); 7 miles southeast of Jewett, Leon Co., (specimens in Aldrich’s coll. ); also in a small varietal form at Orrell’s Crossing, Elm Creek, Lee Co.; near Baptizing Creek, Cherokee Co., Tex. Also in Louisiana at southwest |, southeast } Sect. 19, R. 7 W. Tp. 19; Holstein’s well, 5 miles south of Gibbsland, Bienville Parish; mouth of Saline Bayou, Red River; Sect. 29, Tp. 17, R. 5 W. In Mississippi 23 miles east of Newton; Wautubbee hill, near Enterprise. In Ala- bama at Claiborne. Geological horizon.—Lower and Upper Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Singley’s collection. Turritella nerinexa nov.sp. PI.9, fig. 9. Specific characterization.—Size and general form of a fragment 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 83 (the only known specimen) as indicated by the figure; number of whorls unknown, ornamented by (1) fine even spiral strize, (2) a subsutural row of pustules or crenules, and (3) a slightly raised or faint ridge at the base of each whorl becoming obsolete in the lower whorls, but increasing in strength above so as to nearly equal in size the subsutural line of crenules. Locality.— Black Bluff, Brazos River, extreme northern limit of Milam Co., Milam Bluff of Penrose’s Report. * Geological horizon.—Midway Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Genus SOLARIUM. Solarium huppertzi nov.sp. PI. 9, fig. 10, a. Specific characterization.—Size and general form of young speci- mens (no adults have thus far been found) as shown by the figure; whorls 3; mouth roughly hexagonal, bounded by the following lines: (1) the upper margin of the whorl, extending from a bicrenulate suture to a peripheral row of crenulations; (2) the exterior lateral margin of the whorl, extending from the row of crenulations just men- tioned to a second or medial row; (3) the exterior sublateral margin of the whorl, extending from the medial row of crenulations to the basal row; (4) the basal margin of the whorl, extending from the basal row of crenulations to an interior sublateral row; (5) the um- bilical margin; (6) the margin of contact with the penultimate whorl. This shell is flat or discoid like the young of most members of this genus. Locality.—Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Solarium bastropensis noy.sp. Pl. 9, fig. 1], a. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls 44; spire very low, marked only by the suture and a fine line just above it; body whorl depressed, somewhat cari- nate, marked on the periphery by three raised lines, and near the umbilicus by radiating lines of growth. Locality.—Smithville, Bastrop Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. 84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF (1895, Genus AMAUROPSIS, Amauropsis singleyi nov. sp. PI. 9, fig. 12. Specific characterization.—General form and size as indicated by the figure; spire pointed and high; whorls 7; body and penultimate whorls shouldered above as in N. recurva; umbilicus small, partially hidden by the labium; margin of the aperture sharp, reflected. This species might be mistaken for the young of recurva were it not for the fact that the two have differently formed umbilici. In recurva there is a ridge formed by the continuation of the lower margin of the aperture that, after passing below and to the left of the umbilicus, winds up into the same as described by Aldrich. In singleyi the lower margin of the aperture stands out sharply. If traced upward and inward it will be found to follow the labium about one-third way across the umbilicus and then to wind up into the same. Locality.—Cedar Creek, Lee Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Collection of J. A. Singley. Genus DILLWYNELLA. Dillwynella? texana nov. sp. PI. 9, fig. 13. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as indicated by the figure; whorls 4; spiral, smooth, and shining; body whorl nearly smooth but showing a slight tendency to bear furrows or lines radiat- ing from the suture; umbilicus small; mouth round. The umbilical portion of this shell appears to be more or less whitened or enameled. Locality.—Jones’ farm, Hurricane Bayou, Houston Co.; from Lee County and Mosley’s Ferry, Brazos River, (Aldrich’s collec- tion ). Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Texas State Museum. Unfortunately broken since figur- ing. Genus GAZA. Gaza? aldrichiana nov.sp. PI. 9, fig. 14. Specific characterization.—Size and general form as ‘adineial by the figure; whorls 4; 1 minute, non-protruding; 2, 3 rather small and tumid, marked by a few radiating lines which extend from the suture downward about two-thirds across the whorls, reminding one 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 85 somewhat of the upper surface of Solarium bellastriatum; body whorl rather large, rounded, slightly flattened above, with indistinct radial lines or lines of growth, flattened slightly below, rugose near the umbilicus; umbilicus small, Solarium-like, rendered somewhat hexagonal by the protruding peripheral dentes; mouth round; shell rather thick; general appearance like Di//wynella naticoides. Locality. —Elm Creek, Lee Co., Tex. Geological horizon.—Lower Claiborne Eocene. Type.—Aldrich’s collection. EXPLANATION OF PLATES. PLATE 1. Fig. 1. Modiola houstonia nov. sp. Fig. 2. Modiola texrana Gabb. Fig. 3. Leda bastropensis nov. sp. Fig. 4. Leda milamensis nov. sp. Fig. 5. Leda houstonia nov. sp. Fig. 6. Adrana aldrichiana nov. sp. Fig. 7. Venericardia trapaquara nov. sp. Fig. 8a Astarte smithvillensis nov. sp. (Typical). Fig. 9a, b, c. The same, small variety. Fig. 10. Crassatella antestriata Gabb. Fig. 10a The same, viewed from within. PLATE 2. Fig. 1. Crassatella texana Heilp. Fig. 2. Crassatella texalta nov. sp. Fig. 3. Crassatella trapaquara nov. sp. Fig. 3a The same, viewed from within. Fig. 4. Spherella anteproducta nov. sp. Fig. 5. Meretrix texacola nov. sp. Fig. 5a The same, viewed anteriorly. Fig. 5b Smaller variety of the same species. PLATE 3. Fig. 1. Yellina tallicheti nov. sp. Fig. 2. Siliqua simondsi nov. sp. Fig. 3. Ceronia singleyi nov. sp. 86 Fig. 3a Fig. 4. Fig. 5. Fig. 5a Fig. 6. Fig. 7. Fig. 8. Fig. 9. Fig. 9a Fig. 10 Fig. 11 Bip ] 2 5 3 4 5 6 if ee 9 10 11 12 pa PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. PLATE 8. Clavilithes ( Papillina) dumosus, var, trapaquarus nov. var. Astyris bastropensis nov. sp. Pseudoliva ostrarupis nov. sp. The same, front view. Ps. ostrarupis, var. pauper nov. var. Murex fusates nov. sp. M. ( Odontopolys) compsorhytis Gabb. Tenuiscala trapaquara nov. sp. T. trapaquara, var. engona nov. var. Pyramidella bastropensis nov. sp. Syrnola trapaquara nov. sp. Pyrula (Fusoficula) texana nov. sp. Cypreea kennedyi nov. sp. PLATE 9. Rimella texana nov. sp. R. texana, var. plana nov. var. Cerithium webbi nov. sp. Cerithium penrosei nov. sp. Mesalia claibornensis Con. Turritella nasuta, var. houstonia nov. var. T. nasuta, typical. Turritella dumblei nov. sp. Turritella dutexata nov. sp. Turritella nerinexa nov. sp. Solarium huppertzi nov. sp. The same, from beneath. Solarium bastropensis nov. sp. The same, from above. Amauropsis singleyi nov. sp. Dillwynella? texana nov. sp. Gaza? aldrichiana nov. sp. —s Ss - 1895.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 89 THE EOCENE TERTIARY OF TEXAS EAST OF THE BRAZOS RIVER. BY WILLIAM KENNEDY. Since the publication of Dr. Hilgard’s report on the Geology of Mississippi probably no other publication occupies so prominent a place among the geological literature of the tertiary deposits of the Gulf coastal slope as the ‘‘ Tertiary and Cretaceous Strata of the Tuscaloosa, Tombigbee, and Alabama Rivers,’’ by Smith and John- son.' The Tertiary section there shown has been recognized not only as the section of the Alabama beds, but has also been con- sidered as typical of the whole tertiary areas along the Gulf coast. Dall says that the Gulf section has been practically determined and its fauna largely recorded in this section, but he considers that important information and a rich fauna may be obtained from the Texas section,’ and lately, Harris, in speaking of the same Bul- letin, says: ‘‘It was not until 1886 that the typical section of Ameri- can marine Eocene, namely, that of Alabama was published.*’ At that time (1888) very little was known regarding the Texas Tertiary. Desultory work, it is true, had been done by several observers, and some fossils figured and described by Gabb and others, but no continuous or connected work had been attempted, or, if so, the results were inaccessible and unknown. It was generally con- ceded, however, that it might be safely assumed from the geological conformation of the neighboring States that all or nearly all of the divisions ranging from the Eo-Lignitie to the Grand Gulf, inclusive, were represented, and that a considerable part belonged to the Lower Eocene as seen at Claiborne, Alabama, and in Clark County, west of Claiborne.‘ In 1889 the first systematic work in those deposits was begun by Prof. R. A. F. Penrose, Jr. | During that year he followed three of the ! Bulletin 43 U.S. G.S., by Dr. E. A. Smith and Lawrence C. Johnson. 2 Tenth Annual Report U.S. G. S., 1888-89, p. 168. % Am. Journ. of Sci., Vol. XLVII, April, 1894, p. 302. * Heilprin, Cont. to Tert. Geol. of U. S., 1884, pp. 37, 38. 7 90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. great rivers: Brazos, Colorado, and Rio Grande, flowing across the Tertiary areas of the State, and the results of his examination have been published in the First Annual Report of the present Geologi- eal Survey.’ Since that time the work of examining these beds has been carried on continuously throughout the eastern portion of the State almost altogether by myself, and the detailed results of these examinations, chiefly from a stratigraphic standpoint, have been published from time to time in the various Annual Reports of the Survey.°® During the course of these examinations Prof. Penrose’s river sec- tion along the Brazos was re-examined, the section seen along the Trinity River, and another extended section between the Trinity and Sabine made, and extensive areas throughout other portions of East Texas, were examined in detail.’ While a great portion of the stratigraphy had thus been worked out it has only been within the last year that any of the immense collections of fossils obtained during the course of the work have been critically examined and described. *® While the prediction of Dall as to the richness of the fauna of the Texas section has been fully verified, various other conditions have come to light which, while they largely verify the Alabama section, at the same time add strength to the all-important fact that the geological conformation of neighboring States cannot always be relied upon as a guide to the geology of any portion of the southern or Gulf Tertiary. A comparison of the two sections—Alabama and Texas—shows several material differences between which, prior to the work of the present Geological Survey, were never suspected to exist. The three sections of the Eocene, viz.: Alabama, Mr. Harris’ section, and the Texas section as made by the State Survey, are here given for comparison. 5 Preliminary Report on the Geol. of the Gulf Tertiary of Texas, by R. A. F. Penrose, Jr., First Annual Report Geol. Survey of Texas, pp. 6-64. ® Second, Third and Fourth Annual Reports Geol. Survey of Texas. 7 Third Annual Report Geol. Survey of Texas, pp. 43-124; Fourth Annual Re- port Geol. Survey of Texas, pp. 43-53 and 67-76. 8 For this work see Monograph of Texas Tertiary Fossils, by Gilbert D. Harris. Sw a Oe aS 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 91 Alabama section :°— - : Feet ( Upper— ( Coral Limestone, 1S > gi 1150 g White Limestone -~ Vicksburg ia me) 31.140 3 Jackson... . eee)? “GO : (Claiborne. Shuma: ) « op et eee ad bn > Middle Peaneone,. ioe, . . ne, S00 3 ( atchetighbee. ... . Jaegupen- 4178 5 | Woods Bluff. ... ) Seg 7%, 80-85 sal Bolls Landing. . /\ 3 \.,00agee .. aoe Te e 6. Lignitic. ... BAL. «<4 ier 2 7. Dark purple pola daea ) Se eeerere een “ 8. Gray sand containing rounded and flat oval shaped concretions of indurated gray sand, to water, ..... . 2 Ree Uc. sy ee 35 Harris’ MS. Monograph of Texas Tertiary Fossils. 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 105 The base of these beds is seen at Alabama bluff some twenty miles farther up the river, where a bed of blue clay with gypsum crystals occurs in contact with the underlying fossiliferous sands of the Marine beds. This section shows :*° iBlacwesndy loam. . . . 2. soRheeene) dfeet Yegua 2. Gravelly conglomerate. ... ... .... . . 2 feet Clays 3 Laminated blue clay with gypsum. ... . 2 to 5 feet 4. Fossiliferous greenish-blue clay. . ... . . . 4 feet 22 RimogasRend ed! sos Se yt sc. Hs . a Boot app (Gs Clay ironstone, . 2. 2. . . . . «4» » AOinehes 3: 7. Fossiliferous clay, to water... ..... . . 5 feet No. 3 of this section shows the base of the Yegua clays as found on the Trinity River. Eastward towards the Neches River the deposits belonging to this stage assume more and more the same structure and conditions of deposition as found in Angelina and the other counties in the east- ern portion of the area. The positions of the sections given show approximately the north- ern boundary of the area occupied by these Yegua clays. The line may be traced by the outcroppings of the gypseous clays and sands from the Sabine River, near Sabine Town, in a generally northwest- ern direction as far as the Angelina River, near the mouth of the Atoi Creek, in Cherokee, and thence southwesterly, crossing the Neches near Weches Post Office, passing through the eastern side of the town of Crockett, crossing the Trinity at Alabama Bluff, the Navasota River near the northwest corner of Madison County and the Brazos at the locality shown in the section already given. To the south they are circumscribed by the overlying Fayette sands. Unlike the rough, hilly region occupied by the Fayette sands, the country occupied by the Yegua clays is generally flat. Sand_ hills and ridges occur in several localities, but throughout the greater portion level, prairie-like conditions prevail. The fauna of these deposits throughout east Texas is scanty in the extreme. Of the vertebrates only one specimen, the portion of the lower jaw of a species of Crocodilus, has been obtained, and that from a well at Bryan, while no invertebrate fossils have been found anywhere east of the Brazos except at the base of the beds on that Third Annual Report Geol, Survey of Texas, 1891, p. 15. s 106 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. river, although the beds found on the Yegua are fossiliferous, and those found farther west are reported to have yielded a very fair pumber of that class of animal life. Plant remains are numerous, both in the form of silicified and lignitized wood, and leaves of many kinds are extremely abundant. None of these have yet been studied, but from the fact that silicified palm wood occurs, although sparingly, among the upper gray sands, the climate was slightly warmer than at present. The general conditions of deposition during this period appear to have been those of a marsh subject to periodical deep, wide-spread inundation and a gradual, though slow, subsidence. The Marine beds lying to the north evidently stood at a much higher relative elevation than at present. Their southern boundary is everywhere carved into bold outlines and deeply indented bays showing at places steepsided and shelving bluffs where the Yegua clays rest uncon- formably upon and against them, and from which boulders of fossil- iferous sandstones have fallen and are now found in considerable numbers imbeded in the sands and lying between one and two miles from the line of contact. At other places where bay-like con- ditions prevailed, the placid waters of the flooded areas favored a calmer deposition and growth of plant life; the lines of contact are not so far apart in their general conditions and range of dip. Instances of the former conditions are many. ‘Typical illustra- tions of this bluff-like shore line may be seen at Cook’s Mountain, in Houston County, and near Elm Creek, north of Bryan, in Brazos County. At Cook’s Mountain the hill rises almost abruptly from the level of Milam branch to an elevation of 130 feet above the stream bed, and is capped with fifty feet of altered glauconitic fossiliferous sandstone. The gypseous clays of the Yegua stage are found only on the south side of the stream, and rest upon a heavy bed of fossiliferous sand projecting from the side of the mountain. The Brazos section also shows this want of conformity in quite as strong a manner. The Marine beds occur capping the higher hills ten miles north of College Station and lying at an elevation of 375 feet, while College Station has an altitude of 350 feet.: The dip of the Marine beds in this section closely approaches 75 feet per mile and these beds, after allowing for the difference of elevation, should have been found at 725-750 feet in the well bored at the college. The bore, however, was over 900 feet deep before fossils occurred, 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 107 and then they corresponded to a lower division of the Moseby Ferry section than those found near Elm Creek. Moreover, on the south prong of Thompson’s Creek, about eight miles north of the well boulders and of ferruginous fossiliferous sandstone occur imbedded in the yellowish gray sandy clay of the Yegua beds. The correlation of any of these three stages—the Frio clays, Fayette sands and Yegua clays—with the deposits of Louisiana lying immediately to the east is attended with more or less difficulty and doubt from the fact that little or no work, and that of the. most general character, appears to have been done in that portion of the State. The Grand Gulf, according to both Hilgard and Hopkins, appears to have embraced the upper two and at least a portion of the Yegua clays besides the upper calcareous sandstones, and was, accord- ing to these writers, above the Vicksburg. The lower portion of the Yegua clays were apparently considered by them to be of Jackson age. Dr. Hilgard says, after describing the Grand Gulf formation: ‘‘On the Sabine River, too, the upper portion of the profile is pretty correctly reproduced. At the base of the Grand Gulf rocks we find on the Bayou Taureau a seam of shell-limestone with Vicksburg fossils. We then pass over lignito-gypseous strata to Sabine Town, Texas, where we see about seventy fect of these overlying ledges of blue fossiliferous limestone alternating every two or three feet with what would be green sand marl like that of Vicksburg had not the lime of the numerous shells, of which it contains casts, been removed by subsequent dissolution. So far as I have seen, the usual leading fossils of Vicksburg are wanting here, while the greater sandiness of the materials, as well as the prevalence of shallow sea bivalves indi- cates their deposition in shallower water. As we proceed north- ward from Sabine Town lignitic clays and lignite alone separate, and sometimes altogether replace the limestone ledges which themselves become poorer in fossils as we approach the northern edge of the formation.’”’”’ According to Hopkins the Jackson beds consist of marine strata with characteristic fossils of lignite and non-fossiliferous beds and laminated sands and clays and among the marine beds massive beds of clay full of selenite.” __ 3t Geol. Reconn. of La., American Journal of Science, Second Series, Vol. XLVIII, 1869, p. 338. * First Annual Report Louisiana State Geol. Survey, 1869, pp. (4-06; Second Annual Report Louisiana State Geol. Survey, 1871, pp. 7 to 54. 108 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. With the exception of the lignite and characteristic Jackson fossils this description would answer the Texas Frio clays as well as the Yegua clays. Besides their contact with and underlying the Neocene Navasota beds (Oakville beds) would in the absence of the Vicksburg deposits closely correspond with the Frio clays. Their extension to Sabine Town, however, where they would meet the Marine beds of the Texas section would naturally lead to the in- ference that both the Fayette sands and Yegua clays are absent in Louisiana. This interpretation of the work done in Louisiana can hardly be accepted, and until more information is obtainable the correlation of the beds in these States must be left as an unsolved problem. MARINE BeEps. Lying immediately north of the Yegua clays we have an extensive series of green sands, green sand marls, altered green sands contain- ing thin strata of carbonate of iron, indurated altered fossiliferous greed sand, green fossiliferous clays, glauconitic sandstones and clays stratified, black and gray sandy ‘clays, black and yellow clays with limy concretions, brown and yellow fossiliferous sands with occasional deposits of black sand containing gypsum crystals, and at wide in- - tervals small deposits or thin seams of lignite. Extensive deposits of ferruginous sandstone and limonite, both in laminated and nodular form, occur in the upper divisions. The prevailing deposits, however, are the green sands in their several characters. The clays are of minor importance and exist generally as thin beds of irregular dis- tribution interstratified with the sands. The lignites are usually not more than a few inches thick and are never continuous, and the limonite deposits occur as nodular ores lying in heaps or mounds among the grayish-brown and gray sands or as laminated ores cover- ing wide areas of the surface, particularly throughout Cherokee, Anderson, and Rusk Counties. These are the iron-ore fields of East Texas, and constitute the series of beds known as the Marine beds of the Texas section and have a total thickness of 650-700 feet. Stratigraphically these beds occupy a position intermediate between the overlying Yegua clays and the lignitic stage, and form the upper- most division of Penrose’s timber belt or Sabine River beds.” In the reports of the Texas Geological Survey these beds have been 8% First Annual Report Geol. Survey of Texas, 1889, pp. 22-47. = 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 109 divided into two groups or series, the basal from its greatest develop- ment in Cherokee County was called, tentatively, the “Mount Sel- man’’ series, and the upper, from its typical development in Houston County, received the name of the ‘‘Cook’s Mountain” series. This division was made partly on lithological grounds, the lower or Mount Selman series being generally heavier bedded and made up through- out its greater extent of dark green and brown sands and sandstones, with very thin seams of iron and while fossiliferous to a greater or less extent the fossils are much fewer than in the upper or Cook’s Mountain series, and exist almost altogether in the form of casts. On the other hand the upper series, which includes the highest beds of the Marine stage, is to a great extent loose sands and clays with heavy beds of laminated iron ore and contains a large and beautifully pre- seryed fauna. While probably the distinctive lithological differences between the upper and lower divisions of these beds may not hold good at all points and it may be difficult under the present existing conditions to draw the exact line between them yet the general paucity of life in these lower beds appears in marked contrast with the teeming life of the upper. In the northeastern portion of the State, where in Cass, Marion and Morris Counties, these beds appear only as remnants of a wide- spread cover, or as isolated patches forming the low hills of the region, nothing but the lower beds are seen. These are brown, brownish-yellow and green in color, indurated and moderately hard sands and sandstones, and have till now shown no trace whatever of animal life. In Harrison County the greenish-yellow sandstones seen near the Marshall waterworks pumping station show occasional easts of Venericardia planicosta Lam., and the same form has also been found near Hynson’s Springs, in the same county. These lie at the base of the Marine beds as shown in the section at the pump- ing house. t. Deewe ptavelly can vanities ses a e+ (5 .feet 2. Laminated iron ore and ferruginous sandstone . 1) feet 3. Greenish-yellow altered glauconitic sandstone with casts of Venericardia planicosta. . . . 4 feet 4. Laminated or thinly stratified red and white sands and sandy clays forming uppermost bed of the lignitic in this portion of the county . 45 feet Lignitic Marine 110 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. Coming westward the same unfossiliferous condition of these lower ’ beds is seen along the south side of the Sabine River in Gregg in a section at Iron Bridge Post Office. Here the bluff County, shows : wy 5 vo. Surface dark brown or coffee-colored sand with broken fragments of sandstone . Heavy bed of eat sandstone . Brown sand . atin or yellowish-brown itndstone siatlar to No. 2, but softer and containing alternate strata of bie sand . : Brown or yellowish- eriwn adc eanienenar occa- sional small nodules or concretions of iron . 6 feet 6 feet 6 feet 10 feet 12 feet In the Mount Selman region, m Cherokee County, the section shown along the line of the Tyler Southeastern Railway is more sand than sandstone, and while containing a few fossil casts cannot be called fossiliferous throughout. Jacksonville to Bullard gives : ~ 9. 10. 11. 40 Gray surface sand . i ne ee Brown sand, ferruginous pebbles ade iron ore , Mottled sand . Brownish- yellow sand . Brownish-yellow standstone . Alternate strata of laminated iron ore mt brown sand, the ore generally from two to ten inches and the sand from one to two feet thick . Dark green sand containing casts of small bivalve shells . White clayey gand , : Dark green, nearly black, aa aninions hig seams of ferruginous material near top, and also containing small fish teeth and Venericardia plani- costa and Sphwrella antiproducta in very small numbers . Brown sand . m . ee A Third Annual Report Geol. Survey of Texas, 1891, p. 53. The general section shown from 10 feet 15 feet 10 feet 4 feet 10 feet 8 feet 5 feet 1 foot 12 feet 10 feet 10 feet EEL ee «ee i eh a te ie i Aen i el i a a 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 111 12. Alternate strata of brown sand and laminated iron ore, one generally wavy and not more than two to six inches with sand from one to two feet iT, ag tee 20 feet 13. Pale-blue and ben ies mottled in ees esd laminated in others. . . . ; . 15 feet 14. Alternate strata of glauconitic beawe saul iad iron ore, the ore generally irregularly de- posited, laminated and silicious and not exceed- ing six inches to one one foot, the sand from six inches to two feet thick. . . . . . 55 feet 15. Brown sand forming surface at Bullard, altered green sand changing to yellow a few feet under a oe a . 40 feet 16. Dark green sand nisi: a ae fossil al me SER NORED FP ah ws. = ean s4 SRS do 17. Lignite or “black dirt’’ mnkaionic ee fe vee Qiigat 218. Dark lignitic clay. . . . si bat ay, “O: fort Nos. 17 and 18 of this section Sheri to ia Kemble beds. On approaching the Brazos the baserof these beds is again seen about two miles south of Calvert, in Robertson County, where they form a ridge of brownish-yellow sandstone of very similar texture and appearance as the sandstones in Harrison County, and appear to be altogether unfossiliferous. Where the International and Great Northern Railway crosses the Brazos River these beds are again seen in the following section : 1. Yellow sandy clay with limy concretions. . . . 20 feet 2. Brown sand and sandstones interstratified .. . 4 to 6 feet 3. Dark green, almost black, unfossiliferous sand. 5 feet 4. Thinly laminated dark green sand. ...... ._ 6 feet 5. Irregular belt of ferruginous sandstone .. .. . 4 to 1 foot 6. Dark green, almost black, sand, to water. . . . 3 feet The lower and upper divisions grade into each other so imper- ceptibly that so far as the actual division is lithologically concerned any line of separation would be but a very arbitrary one. The wide distinction, however, in the state of preservation and condition _ of the contained fossils might possibly enable us to approximately indicate the limits within which the several beds might be assigned toeach. As already stated the fossils of the lower or Mount Sel- - 112 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF (1895. man beds exist almost wholly in the form of casts, whereas, on the other hand, the fauna of the Cook’s Mountain, or upper beds, is beautifully preserved, many being in a very perfect condition and exist in great numbers, In crossing the whole series from north to south the first indica- tion of well preserved fossils in the east occurs in the southern por- tion of Rusk County, near Mount Enterprise, and on Stevens branch, a tributary of Shawnee Creek. Farther west they are found in Cherokee, south of Jacksonville, a few miles west of Palestine, in Anderson, near the mouth of Elkhart Creek, in Houston, near Cen- treville, in Leon, and south of Franklin, in Robertson County, and near the Burleson County north line on the Brazos. These locali- ties may therefore be taken as approximately indicating the northern line of the “Cook’s Mountain” or upper series of the Marine beds as known in Texas, but it must be remembered that on the eastern side very extensive erosion has taken place, and probably these beds may have extended much farther north. At any rate the line may be considered as only an approximate division of what evidently constitutes but one stage of the Eocene. To the south of this approximate boundary we have an extensive series of green sands, glauconitic sands, ferruginous sandstones, clays and iron ores in most respects similar to those lying north of it. The green sands, as a general thing, are less altered and more glauconitic, the sands less indurated and the iron ore deposits much heavier and almost altogether laminated. The fauna is very much richer both in species and number of specimens, and the fossils all in a good state of preservation and easily obtainable. While these beds are known to exist in isolated hills throughout the counties of Rusk, Nacogdoches, San Augustine and Sabine Counties, lying east of the Angelina River, no satisfactory sections have been obtained and only a few of the fossils from these areas have been determined. According to Professor Heilprin® these include Veneri- cardia transversa Lea, Crassatella texana Heilp., Pecten deshayesii Lea, Ostrea alabamensis Lea, O. selleformis Lea and var. divaricata Lea, from San Augustine County. Pectunculus idoneus Con., and Ostrea selleeformis, var. divaricata Lea, from Nacogdoches County, "! Proceedings Acad. of N.S., Phila., Oct. 1890, pp. 393-404. 1895.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 113 have been identified by Mr. Harris.“ Pseudoliva vetusta Con., Venericardia planicosta Lam., have also been obtained from the bluff at Sabine Town. The fossils found in Rusk and Nacogdoches Counties are well preserved and enclosed in a bluish-green indurated marl and hard to extract in a condition suitable for identification. The Sabine Town fossils are enclosed in a brown sand. Seutella eaput-sinensis Heilpr., also occurs in San Augustine as well as west of the Angelina at McBee’s School and near Alto, in Cherokee County. West of the Angelina River the most important section obtained is that at Alto, in Cherokee County. This section embraces a series of green sands and altered glauconitic sands and sandstones lying close to the top of the ‘‘Cook Mountain’’ beds, and forms the uppermost Eocene deposit in this portion of the State. The section combines the whole of the green sand deposits from Alto, eastward to the edge of the Angelina River ‘‘ bottom lands,’’ eight or ten miles farther east, and the whole or the greater portion of the section may also be taken as representative of the structure of the country from Alto south- westward to the Neches. The section shows: Pe eetee anes SC ge ND! seb te 20. fees. 2. Perrapmons sandstone’. “6... SL 1 foot. 3. Iron pyrites and lignite. . . ...... . 4 to1 foot. 4. Laminated iron ore and brown anid . . . . 10to15 feet. 5. Brown and yellowish-brown altered glauconitic sand with streaks and nodules of calcareous matter and containing Terebra houstonia Har- ris, n. sp., Pleurotoma (Sureula) gabbii Conrad, Ostrea selleeformis, var. divaricata Lea, Pinna, sp., Trigonarca pulchra Gabb, Pseudoliva vetusta Con., Volutilithes petrosa Con., Latirus mooret Gabb, Corbula texana Harris, Corbula aldrichi, var. smithvillensis Harris, Dentalium minutistriatum Gabb, Venericardia planicosta Lam., Venericardia rotunda Lea, Clavilithes ® Harris’ MS., Monograph Texas Tertiary fossils. ‘Norr.—I have not visited any of the localities referred to in Rusk, Nacog- doches and Sabine Counties. Rusk and Nacogdoches Counties were examined in 1890 by Mr. J. B. Walker. His sections can be seen in the Second Annual Ke- port, Geol. Survey of Texas, 1801, under these county headings. They appear to me to be slightly unreliable. ‘T he Sabine Town fossils were sent from there by the Postmaster to Mr. Dumble at bis request. K. 114 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF (1895. regexa Harris, n. sp., Phos texana Gabb var., Distortio septemdentata Gabb, Solarium acutum, var. meekanum Gabb, Terebellum, Calyptrophorus velatus Con., Mesalia elai- bornensis Con., Anomia ephippioides Gabb, Cerithium vinctum Whitf., Pecten claibornensis Conrad, Pecten deshayesii Lea, Plicatula _fila- mentosa Con., Cytherea texacola Harris, Cras- satella texana Heilp., Turritella nasuta Gabb, and many of these in profusion. . . . : 6 feet. 6. Yellowish-brown and grayish-brown often pravisis green indurated green sands containing most of the fossils found in No. 5 and an additional fauna of Plewrotoma (Drillia) nodocarinata Gabb, Volutilithes petrosa var. indenta Conrad, Caricella subangulata var. cherokeensis Harris, Cassidaria brevicostata Ald., Pholadomya elai- bornensis Ald., Byssoarca cuculloides Con., Martesia texana Harris, n. sp. Dentalium minutisiriatum var. dumblei, n. var., Protocar- dium nicolletti Con. var., Natica newtonensis — Ald., Natica limula var., Rimella texana, var. plana, new var. Cancellaria panones Harris, n. sp., Clavilithes (Papillina) dumosa, var. trapa- quara Harris, C. humerosa, var. texana Harris, Cassidaria brevicosta Ald., Turritella dutexta Harris, Scutella caput-sinensis Heilpr., and fish A ae core ere ; »: Fylde eee an 7. Green sands with casts of Fails Bs io renal Meee of) 8. Brown altered glauconitic sandstone with masts of FOGG 3. 5.58) aa ‘Ane .» Oe ee 9. Green sand with fish tect AG Done esr. Con., Anomia ephippioides Gabb, Byssoarea euculloides Con., Trigonarea pulchra Gabb, Volutilithes roan Con., Volutilithes precursor Dall, and others belonging to Nos. 5and6.. 8 “« The localities from which these fossils were obtained all lie be- tween Alto and the Angelina River. The specimens are, asa general thing, very plentiful, and in most localities easily freed from the 1895. } NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 115 enclosing matrix, those in the brownish-yellow sand being often free. As already stated these beds can be easily traced from this point | in a southwesterly direction for many miles, the bed containing the Seutella caput-sinensis forming a particularly well marked horizon. No Scutell, however, have yet been found in Houston County or to the west, although plentiful from the Neches eastward to San Augus- tine. Four miles west of Alto, a range of flat-topped steep-sided J hills show a general section of: Pm eerer rene 8. i ae. < . eee deets 2. Indurated yellow sand peteaaay numerous Scu- telle and Ostrea selleformis, var. divaricata Lea, Anomia ephippioides Gabb, - Pseudoliva vetusta Con., Venericardia planicosta Lam., and Cytherea tornadonis Wain 2 ok SS 20 seek: 3. Red sand with casts of fossils. ....... 415 “* 4. Green sand with casts of fossils visible. . . . 4 “ Crossing the Niches into Houston County the section as shown in a well near Robbins’ Ferry shows: TamGray SOMO. ie FS aie 8 qe Bima to. ofeos. 2. Laminated iron ore. . . . . . . 4 inches to 10 inches. - 3. Indurated yellow fossiliferous sandy marl contain- ing Ancilla (Olivula) staminea Con., Ostrea selle- formis, var. divaricata Lea, Anomia ephippioides | Gabb, Venericardia planicosta Lam., and Crassa- tella trapaquara Harris“. . . . . a yl A Cape, MAEM) 27.) . i. sate od Rares | Le OO a oe) ae eee 6. Fossiliferous green sandy alas paetataine Anomia ephippioides Gabb, Venericardia —planicosta Lam., Rimella texana, var. plana, new variety, Calyptrophorus velatus Con”... . . . .5to6 * de BOGSIOTs i. a eva Ss - ‘ 8. Blue marl with fossils same as No: F awe t. to” | 9, Brown sand to bottom of well. . . 5 « At the crossing of the San Pedro Creek by the Rok cond in the ™ Tlarris, MSS., Gasivenh of Texas Tertiary Fossils. “ Harris Mss. Monograph of Texas Tertiary fossils. First Annual Report Geol. Survey of Texas, 1889, p. 34 116 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [ 1895. same county, the south bank of the creek shows a section of I. Gray sands .°:') Seen eee. ce ce «20 ie 2. Brown sand and altered green sand with stratified ferruginous material and thin laminz of iron ore NGMY DRBGEet ere ee Oe he et 4. Yellow indurated fossiliferous altered green sand packed with shelle: 9. 2.0. 6 026. cau. SOreeE The eastern portion of Hurricane Bayou forms the approximate southern boundary of the Marine beds for six or eight miles east -of Crockett. Here, when the Bayou is dry, or the water at a low stage, an extremely interesting fauna may readily be obtained. Among the fossils found we have Terebra texagyra Harris var., T. houstonia Harris n. sp., Conus sawridens Con., Pleurotoma (Sureula) gabbi Con., Pl. heilpriniana H. n. sp., Pl. (Drillia) nodocarinata Gabb., Pl. childreni Lea, var. bilota, H., Pl. huppertzi Harris, n. sp. Pl. megapis H. n. sp., Pl. (Drillia) texacona Harris, Pl. (Drillia) texana Gabb., Pl. vaughani var. Harris, Pl. retefera H., Pl. (Mangellia) infans var. H., Mr. Olivella bombylis var. burlesonia H., Aneilla ( Olivula) staminea Con., Anomia ephippioides Gabb., Plicatula fila- mentosa Con., Pecten sp., Pinna sp., Pectunculus idoneus Con. , Pseu- doliva vetusta Con. var., Volutilithes petrosa Con., Caricella demissa var, fecana Gabb., Marginella seminoides Gabb., Lapparia pactilis var. mooreana Gabb., Turricula (Conomitra) texana H., Terebra amena Con., T. costata Lea, var., Latirus moorei Gabb., Corbula alabamensis Lea, Dentalium minutistriatum Gabb., Cadulus sub- coarcuatus Gabb., Venericardia rotunda Lea, V. plantcosta Lam., Crassatella texana H., Cytherea tornadonis H., Clavilithes (Papillina) dumosa var. H., C. trapaquara H., Fusus mortoni var. mortonopsis Gabb, Clavilithes humerosa var. texana H., Phos texana Gabb var., Distortio septemdentata Gabb, Cassidaria planotecta Ald., Solarium acutum var. meckanum Gabb, Natica acuta Gabb, Natica limula var., Sigaretus declivis Con., Mesalia claibornensis Con., Belosepia ungula Gabb, Spirorbis leptostoma Swain, and the corals Occulina Heilpr., Turbinolia pharetra Lea, Trochosmilia mortoni Gabb and Horn, and Endopachys maclurii Lea. . These fossils all occur in an altered green sand of a brownish yellow color in places indurated into hard slabby sandstones, but the greater portion soft. This overlies a dark green sand and clay as ——— 4. 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 11F seen in a well at Mr. K. Jones’ house, nearly half a mile north of the Bayou. The section of the well shows : 1. Yellowish-brown sandy clay. ........ ~~ 6 feet 2s dent, Cay. 53 3°. 3 eay., 6 feet 3. Thinly laminated black es ee sedi yc 4 feet 4. Bluish green fossiliferous sands. ...... . . 14 feet Nos. 3 and 4 hold fossils closely corresponding to those found on the Bayou with a few additional species. West of Crockett, about two miles, we have Cook’s Mountain, an isolated hill rising about 460 feet above sea level and showing a more or less precipitous face on every side. This face, however, is marked by a series of benches and the general section shown on the eastern side, from Milam branch to the top of the mountain, shows : 1. Brown ferruginous sandstone with occasional casts of asmall bivalve. . .. .. 10 feet 2. Yellow-colored crossbedded siishod Adaediitie atid 40 feet 3. Brown sand and sandstone with occasional seams of ferruginous material. ........ 55 feet 4. Brown ferruginous sandstone containing Gietne a leformis var. divaricata Lea, and O. alabamensis Lea in considerable numbers; . ... . . . . 10 feet O; Iron ore... ~. . 1 foot 6. Brown sand pisthinistl ‘Paden la ‘hela Gabb., Terebra texagyra var. Harris, 7. houstonia Har- ris, n. sp., Conus sauridens Con., Pleurotoma (Sureula) gabbii Con., Pl. ( Cochlespira) engonata Con., Pl. (Drillia) nodocarinata Gabb., 1. (Drillia) texana var. pleboides Harris, Pl. (Man- gelia) infans var., Pl. sp., Aneilla ( Olivella) stam- inea Con., Ostrea alabamensis Lea, O. selle- formis var. divaricata Lea, Anomia ephippioides Gabb., Plicatula filamentosa Con., Avicula sp., Pinna sp., Pseudoliva vetusta Con. var., Volutil- ithes petrosa Cou., V. petrosa, var. indenta Con., V. precursor Dall. var., Caricella subangulata var. cherokeensis Harris, Lapparia pactilis var. mooreana Gabb., Latirus mooreit Gabb., Cornu- lina armigera Con., Corbula alabamensis Lea, 118 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. Venericardia planicosta Lam., Cytherea texacola Harris, Clavilithes regexa Harris, n. sp., Phos tecuana Gabb. var., Distortio — seplemdentata Gabb., Scala, Natica arata Gabb., N. limula var., Sigaretus deelivis Con., Calyptrophorus velatus Con. Turritella nasuta var. houstonia Harris, 7. nasula Gabb., Belosepia ungula Gabb., and the corals Oceulina Heilpr., Turbi- nolia pharetra Lea, Trochosmilia mortoni Gabb and Horn, and Endopachys maclurii Lea. A number of fish teeth also occur in this bed. . 15 feet Going north from the Hurricane Bayou localities we find fossili- ferous indurated brownish-yellow and green marly sands at Han- non’s mill, and on the Murchison prairie and eastward. : ; . Charles E. Smith. Recorder, ? : : rc . Charles Schaffer, M.D. Treasurer, j ; ; ‘ . Stewardson Brown. Corresponding Secretary, . ; . Joseph D. Crawford. Conservator, . é é ; . Stewardson Brown. THomas MEEHAN, Director. The Conservator of the Botanical Section reports as follows :—— In presenting this report for the year your Conservator wishes to congratulate the Section on the general good condition of the Herba- rium at the present time. The permanent mounting of the specimens in the general Herba- rium, commenced some years ago, has been carried steadily forward during the present year, largely through the untiring efforts of the Director of the Section, Mr. Thomas Meehan; and we can now report the work done as far as Umbelliferce. The additions received during the year have been 1,683 species, of which 332 are lower Cryptogams, and 1,351 Phanerogams and Ferns ; of the latter, 442 species are from North America, 426 from tropical America, 253 from Asia, and 226 from Australia and Polynesia. Notable among these are the following collections :— 245 species of Newfoundland plants received from the Howard Herbarium, Cambridge ; 111 species of Northern California plants received from Prof. E. L. Greene ; 425 species of Mexican plants collected in 1894, by Prof. C. G. Pringle, and purchased through the liberality of some of the members of the Section ; 253 species of Asia Minor plants collected by Prof. Bornmuller, and purchased for the Section, and 126 species from the Azores Islands, collected in 1893 by Mr. C. 8. Brown, and purchased for the Section. 39 580 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. Of these collections, some 350 species are new to the Herbarium. It will be seen from the foregoing that a large proportion of the additions during the past year have been acquired through purchase, entailing a considerable expenditure on the part of a few of the members, owing to the lack of funds available for such purposes. While such outlay will undoubtedly be necessary to some extent in the future, yet it is hoped that by a proper system of exchanging, which we expect to effect shortly, much additional material can be acquired. The Section now has in hand a considerable quantity of material which can be readily used for this purpose as soon as adequate space is furnished for its arrangement, which time we hope is not far distant. The attention of the Section was called to the crowded condition of the present cases, in the report of the Conservator for 1894, and it is hoped before the report for 1896 is made this much-needed room for expansion will have been provided, and the present cases fitted with doors of the best dust-proof construction. Respectfully submitted, SrEWARDSON Brown, Conservator, pro tem. REPORT OF THE MINERALOGICAL AND GEOLOGICAL SECTION. Eight meetings of the Section have been held during the past year with an average attendance of about eight members. Papers have been read by Messrs. Goldsmith, Rand and Woolman. The -additions to the cabinet, except to the William 8. Vaux col- lection, have not been large, but there seems to be a greater interest awakened during the last portion of the year, which it is hoped may continue. An excursion was made by the Section on May 25th, which seemed to be very satisfactory to those attending it. The Director would urge, if means can be found for the purpose, the increase of the local collection, which, he believes, could be made of value. The chief expense of this would be in cases, as it is probable that nearly all the specimens needed would be presented ; 1895.) NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 581 in fact a considerable number have been promised as soon as case- room is provided. At the meeting of the Section, held December 23d, the following officers were elected for the ensuing year :— Director, . . ‘ - : . Theodore D. Rand. Vice-Director, / : : : . Wm. W. Jefferis. Conservator, : 4 : , . Wm. W. Jefferis. Treasurer, . F ’ ; . John Ford. Corresponding Secretary ) is and Recorder, ts: F ; . Chas. Schaffer. Respectfully submitted, TuHeo. D. Ranp, Director. REPORT OF THE ORNITHOLOGICAL SECTION. The work of cataloguing and rearranging the Ornithological col- lection has gone on steadily during the past year; and, although not quite so many specimens have been worked over as in the previous year, this has been more than compensated by the large increase in the labelling and cataloguing. The Conservator has been enabled to devote a considerable amount of his time to the work, as has also Mr. McCadden, the taxidermist, while valuable assistance has been rendered by Mr. Henry W. Fowler, Miss Helen M. Higgins and Mr. Wm. J. Gerhard. During the year 4,193 mounted specimens have been worked over, the best of them being remounted and the types and duplicates reduced to skins, and all the material not hitherto named has been carefully identified and catalogued. In addition to this a large number of temporary lists were copied into the regular catalogue, which has now been brought up to date, while a considerable num- hér of labels for specimens in the exhibition cases have been pre- pared. This work for the year aggregates 4,125 labels written, and 9,979 entries in the catalogue. The groups renovated in the mounted collection comprised the Cathartide, Falconidw, Bubonidse, Strigide, Fringillidze, Ploceidiwe, Laniidw, Motacillidw, Alaudide, Artamid: , 582 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. and Dicside, while specimens were remounted for exhibition in the Muscicapidee, Oriolidse, Dicruridie, and Campophagide. The accessions during the year have amounted to 1,020 speci- mens, the most important being a collection of birds from Pennsy|- vania and New Jersey, presented by 8. N. Rhoads, a small collection of Pennsylvania birds from Dr. Thos. H. Montgomery, a small collection from Tennessee made during May and June by Mr. S. N. Rhoads, and a well-mounted collection of game birds from Mr. A. Sydney Logan. A fine pair of Flamingoes has been purchased for mounting, and a number of valuable specimens from the Zoological Society of Philadelphia have been prepared, either as mounted speci- mens, skins or skeletons. The southeast room on the gallery floor of the library was placed at the disposal of the Section early in the year, and the entire col- lection of skins removed to it, where they are much more accessible to the student; while the enlarged quarters furnish increased facili- ties for work in this department. _ One large tin case for the preser- vation of type specimens has been provided during the year, as well as twenty wooden packing cases for the temporary storage of duplicate specimens of large water birds and birds of prey. The entire collection of skins has been examined during the year and found to be in excellent condition. The Delaware Valley Ornithological Club has rendered valuable aid to the Section in arousing a lively interest in ornithology in this vicinity. It continues to hold its meetings at the Academy and to contribute many valuable specimens to the collection of local birds, as well as to the general collection. Much assistance has been rendered during the year to students in the way of identifying material, etc., and specimens have also been loaned to specialists. The work of renovating the old mounted collection has advanced so far that it is hoped that it may he entirely completed during the coming year, with the exception of labeiling and final arrangement. This cannot be accomplished until new dust- proof exhibition cases are provided, and the advisability of procuring these at an early date cannot be too earnestly urged. At the annual meeting of the Section, held December 16th, 1895, the following officers were elected :— —<_ <= oe ie 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 583 Director, . : : ‘ , . Dr. Spencer Trotter. Vice-Director, : : : ; . George S. Morris. Recorder, . : r ‘ : . Stewardson Brown. Secretary, . : ‘ . William A. Shryock. Treasurer and Shite bee t 3 Witmer Stone. Respectfully alte Witmer STONE, Conservator. REPORT OF THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL SECTION. The Anthropological Section of the Academy, the formation of which was authorized by votes of the Academy on April 23d and 30th, 1895, was organized on the evening of April 30th, Dr. Harrison Allen being chosen as Chairman, Charles Morris as Secretary and Treasurer. It has held meetings in May, October, November and December, and has received special communications from Mr. John Ford on Indian graye mounds, from Drs. Mills, Ball and others on brain and skull degeneration, and from Dr. Sharp on the Ethnology of Alaska and Siberia. Twenty-eight members have joined the Section. A meeting for organization was held in Decem- ber, at which the following officers were elected :— Director, . : , : f . Harrison Allen, M.D. Vice-Director, . h ; ; - Dr. C. N. Peirce. Recorder, . : ; : . Charles Morris. Secretary and eee : ; ee ees CHARLES Morris, Recorder. + REPORT OF THE PROFESSOR OF INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY. The Professor of Invertebrate Paleontology respectfully reports that the condition of the collections that were under his charge until December 1st—when his duties became associated with the Depart- ment of Geology—remains much as it was at the time of the filing of the last annual report. As for a number years past, the one great obstacle to arrangement and classification in the deficiency 584 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF (1895. of exhibition-room and cases ; indeed, at the present time, there is even less room than heretofore, owing to the necessary division of the main hall into a section devoted to entomological interests. Only with occupancy of the new hall can proper relief be expected. The usual spring course of lectures has followed as a continua- tion of the courses of past years, and it is gratifying to be able to report that the attendance has been steadily increasing year by year, the enrolled students for the past season numbering 116. Emphasis is again laid on that portion of the instruction which is associated with field-work, when an opportunity is given to examine practically much of that which is first illustrated in the class-room. In addi- tion to the regular Saturday field-parties, the course included, for a limited number, an examination in the month of August of the Rocky Mountain region, when the practicability of so extended a class-excursion was clearly demonstrated. The region studied com- prised sections of Colorado, Wyoming, Utah and New Mexico, and specifically the Pike’s Peak district, gold mines of Cripple Creek, “bad lands,” Great Salt Lake, cafions of the Price, Grand and Arkansas Rivers, the volcanic masses of the San Juan, ete. As Professor of Geology, the undersigned would respectfully recommend, the disposition of the geological materials of the Academy, space in the new hall, and that enough of it be given for that form of display which is now a part of the method of almost every new museum. A geological exhibition means not merely a display of rock specimens for themselves, but illustration of the dynamics and economics of the science. Therefore, sections of rock- strata, models of geological structure, well and coal borings, etc., are eminently necessary for a proper or modern exhibition. Respectfully submitted, P ANGELO HEILPRIN, Prof. of Invert. Paleontology (to Dec., 1895), now Prof. of Geology. LS 1895. ] ’ NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 585 REPORT OF THE PROFESSOR OF ETHNOLOGY AND ARCHAOLOGY. The Professor of Ethnology and Archeology reports that during the current year a regular course of lectures on his branch was de- livered in the Lecture Hall of the Academy. The audience was large, and a growing interest was manifested in the subject. The collections in this department are in process of installation in the new building and a portion of them is satisfactorily dis- played. With proper facilities all the objects illustrating this im- portant branch of natural history in possession of the Academy, can now be grouped together and opened for inspection. D. G. Brinton, M.D., Professor of Ethnology. REPORT OF THE PROFESSOR OF INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY. The Professor of Invertebrate Zoology respectfully reports that during the past year he has delivered two lectures, one upon ‘Corals and the Coral Islands,” and one upon ‘‘ Zoological Gardens.” The additions to the museum during the year have been neither numerous nor important. The course of lectures planned and mentioned in the report of last year was not delivered owing to preparation for and departure upon an expedition to Bering Sea, the Arctic Ocean and adjacent shores. Permission was obtained from the Treasury Department of the United States to accompany the U. 8. Revenue Cutter “ Bear” during her cruise in the Arctic Ocean. The Aleutian and Seal. Islands and the northern shores of Siberia and Alaska were visited. Collections were made at all points where it was possible. Collec- tions of plants, birds, marine forms and native implements were among the most important made. The skin of a walrus and the skins of a male, female and young fur seal were obtained. For per- mission to secure the skins of the fur seals the Academy is indebted to the special favor of the U.S. Treasury Department. As the collections were not received until after the close of the fiscal year, a report upon them must be deferred. A course of six lectures on the “Influence of the Environment 586 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF | [1859. upon Animal Life” will be delivered in January and February, 1896, and during the spring two lectures in addition will be given upon the results of the Alaskan and Siberian expedition. Respecfully submitted, Bens. SHarp, Prof. of Invert. Zoology. REPORT OF THE PROFESSOR OF HISTOLOGY AND MICROSCOPIC TECHNOLOGY. The Professor of Histology and Microscopic Technology respect- fully reports that he has given laboratory instruction in microscopic technic and carried on, as heretofore, original research in bacteri- ology. The gifts of instruments and slides will be reported by the Biological Section. SAMUEL G. Drxon, Prof. of Histology and Microscopie Technology. REPORT OF THE PROFESSOR OF MALACOLOGY. The Professor of Malacology reports that there have been added to the museum several thousand species of mollusks; among others, the types of many new forms of Polyplacophora and Achatinellidee, and an alcoholic specimen of Nautilus pompilius may be mentioned. The Tectibranchiata have been studied and identified, and an illus- trated monograph of the group has been published. Other museum work has been begun on the identification and classification of the South American Bulimi. One lecture upon the ‘‘ Protective Devices of Mollusks’’ has been delivered. A course of five lectures upon the structure and classi- fication of mollusks, and two lectures upon ‘‘ Economic Uses of Mollusea” and “ Mollusks of the Atlantic Coast’’ will be delivered during February, March and April of the coming year. Respectfully submitted, H. A. Prvspry, Prof. of Malacology. a ae at Mi 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 587 REPORT OF THE CURATOR OF THE WILLIAM &. VAUX COLLECTIONS. The Curator of the William S. Vaux Collections reports that the mineralogical cabinet is in good order. There are a num- ber of specimens which, too large to be placed in the present cases, are exposed to the dust and liable to be injured. A special case . should be provided for them. Since his appointment as Curator he has added 618 specimens to the collection, bringing the num- ber up to 7,780. The archzological collection is also in good condition, but no additions have been made to it during the past year. Wm. W. JEerreris, Curator. 588 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. The election of Officers, Councillors and Members of the Finance Committee to serve during 1896, was held with the following re- sult :— President, : } ' . Samuel G. Dixon, M.D. Vice-Presidents, : : . Thomas Meehan. Rev. Henry C. MeCook, D.D. Recording Secretary, d . Edward J. Nolan, M.D. Corresponding Secretary, . Benjamin Sharp, M.D. Treasurer, . : : . George Vaux, Jr. | Librarian, . ; , . Edward J. Nolan, M.D. Curators, : : : . Henry A. Pilsbry. . Henry C. Chapman, M. D. Arthur Erwin Brown. Samuel G. Dixon, M.D. Councillors to serve three years, | Uselma C. Smith. William Sellers. Charles E. Smith. . John Cadwalader. Finance Committee, , . Charles Morris. Chas. E. Smith. Uselma C. Smith. William Sellers. Charles P. Perot. Council, to serve for an wnex- pired term, . . Isaac J. Wistar. —_—— ’ ELECTIONS DURING 1895. MEMBERS. January 29.—R. Shirley Borden, Frank Haimbach. February 26.—Silas L. Schumo. March 26.—Edwin 8S. Dixon, Harry Blake Tyler, J. W. Horter, M.D., Charles L. Brown, Willett E. Rotzell, M.D. April 30.—Frederick Prime, Sol. R. Fridenberg, Lightner Wit- mer. May 28.—H. G. Griffith, M.D., W. J. Gillespie, M.D. August 27.—Chas. W. Burr, M.D. 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 589 October 29.—John M. Justice, Howard W. Du Bois, Charles C. Harrison. November 26.—Gulielma M. 8S. P. Jones, Wilfred H. Harned, Seneca Egbert, M.D., Samuel H. Gilbert, W. W. Frazier, John Cadwalader, Jr. CORRESPONDENTS. February 26.—P. B. Sarasin, of Basel; D. Estanislao S.- Zebal- y los, of the Argentine Republic. April 30.—Rudolph Virchow, of Berlin. 590 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF (1895. ADDITIONS TO THE MUSEUM. 1895. ARCH BOLOGY, ETHNOLOGY, ETC. Dr. M. V. Ball. Five human brains (criminal). Frank Chew. Collection of Indian axes and arrowheads, Maryland. John G. Meigs’ Bequest. Nine human crania, including five Etrus- can skulls from Corneto, Italy. Cc. B. Moore. Large collection of aboriginal mound relics, including implements, pottery, ornaments and human crania and skeletons from central Florida. Two pre-Columbian crania of Huron-Iro- quois Indians, Ontario. H. E. Sargent. One tray sherds pottery, Tennessee River, Ala. Dr. Benjamin Sharp and Prof. Libbey. Ten Kanaka skulls, Sand- wich Islands. MAMMALS. Thomas Biddle. Articulated skeleton of Hylobates miulleri, Sara- wak, Borneo. Dr.S G. Dixon. Ear-bone of seal, Islesboro, Me. J. Edward Farnum. Mounted Cephalophus natalensis, EK. Africa. Herman Haupt, Jr. Skulls of Arctomys and Scalops, Minnesota and I}linois. ; Dr. J. M. MeFarlane. Four skulls of Rangifer caribou, Quebec. ©. B. Moore. One skin and skull of Peromyscus floridanus. Chas. P. Perot. Tympanic bone of whale. H. A. Pilsbry. One mounted Sciuropterus volans, Philadelphia. Purchased. One mounted Oreammos montanus, Cascade Mts., Wash- ington (juv.). Skin and skull of Rangifer caribou, Maine. Mounted specimen of Alces americanus, Maine. S. N. Rhoads. One mounted Neotoma magister and one skin of Mephitis mephitica. H. E. Sargent. Skull of Procyon /otor, Alabama. Dr. B. Sharp. Two shrews and one sea otter skin (juv.), Alaska. S. Thompson. Mastodon fragment, Mt. Holly, N. J. Zoological Society of Philadelphia. Mounted specimens of Zalophus californianus (2), Rangifer caribou, Castor fiber canadensis (2), Macropus ualabatus, Connochetes gnou, Felis leo, Dasyprocta fuli- yinosa, Tamandua tetradactyla, Dasyprocta cristata, D, varie- gata, Ursus maritimus, Antilope cervicapra, Felis viverrina, Midas 1895. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 591 rufimanus, Cynocephalus anubis and Atherura africana, Skeletons of Macacus ochreatus, Paradoxurus (sp.?), Capromys (sp. ?), Ma- zama temama, Kobus defassus (2), Bison bison, Capreolus cupreolus, Cervus porcinus, Camelus bactrianus, Melursus labiatus, Vulpes velox and Erethizon dorsatus. Skins of Paradoxurus (sp.?), Dasy- procta (sp.?), Lemur (sp.?), Macropus (sp.?), Capromys (sp.?), Dasy- procta acouchy, Mazama temama (2), Kobus defassus (2), Bison bison (juv.) and Vulpes velox. Skulls of Dasyprocta fuliginosa, Hapale aurita, Tamandua tetradactyla, Dasyprocta cristata, D. variegata, Mazama temama and Cynocephalus anubis. BIRDs. W. L. Baily. One Acadian ow! skin, Pennsylvania. A. L. Buckwalter. One parrot. Mrs. M. J. Chase. Nine mounted specimens and two skins, Cali- fornia. One hundred and eighteen skins, mostly 7rochilide. Delaware Valley Ornithological Club. Forty-one mounted birds and seven nests and sets of eggs. Dr. 8. G. Dixon. Mounted Meleagris gallopavo, Virginia. Miss Irma F. Hering, One mounted Olor columbianus, In exchange. One skin of Nyctea nyctea, Greenland. A. Sydney Logan. Forty-eight mounted specimens of game birds. T. H. Montgomery, Jr. Seventy-six skins, Pennsylvania and Maine. George 8. Morris. Eighteen skins. Purchased. Twenty-six skins, California, Two skins Phanicopterus ruber, two skins Ardea cerulea, 5S. N. Rhoads. Six hundred and eighty skins of Pennsylvania and New Jersey birds. Three skins Dendragapus franklini. Tennessee Expedition ; collected by S. N. Rhoads. Fifty-eight bird skins. Zoological Society of Philadelphia. Mounted specimen of Psophia viridis. Skins of Psophia viridis, Zenaida castanea, Dominicella rubra, and Psittacus erithacus. Skeletons of Struthio camelus, Argusianus argus (2), Buteo vulgaris. REPTILES AND BATRACHIANS. James Bradley. Oue Derimochelys coriacea, Asbury Park, N. J. I. N. DeHaven. One Amblystoma punctatum, Ardmore, Pa. J. Hope. One Naia bungara, H. A. Pilsbry. Fifteen reptiles and batrachians, Florida. SN. Rhoads (Exp. to Tennessee). Two hundred and sixty-six speci- mens Reptilia and Batrachia, Kentucky and Tennessee. Fifteen reptiles, Florida, Seventy-nine specimens, Somerset Co., N. J. Witmer Stone. Four turtles, Chester Co., Pa. 592 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [ 1895. Dr. R. R. Taylor. One rattlesnake, W. Virginia. One Menopoma allegheniensis. Zoological Society of Philadelphia. Alcoholic specimens of Sterno- therus derbianus, Uromastix hardwickii, Python molurus, Naia bungara (2), Varanus niloticus, Trachycephalus marmoratus and Hyla arborea. FISHES. Wm. E. Meehan. Thirteen deformed Salmo fontinalis, U. 8. Fish Commission, Allentown, Pa. Dr. T. D. Myers. Two Hybopsis biguttatus, Monocacy River, Md. Messrs. Pilsbry and Johnson. Achirus lineatus, Lake George, Fla. —. Lophius piscatorius, lower Delaware River. CRUSTACEA, Geo. H. Clapp. Three specimens of Cambarus virilis, Canada. John Thompson, One Limulus polyphemus, Cape May, N. J. INSECTS. C. W. Johnson. One case of Diptera, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Miss A. H. Miller. Hornet’s nest, Lawrenceville, Va. S. N. Rhoads. Three Cychrus, one Chalcophorus, New Jersey and ‘Tennessee. Dr. H. Skinner. One case of Lepidoptera, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Three Lepidoptera. Miss J. D. Winsor. ‘Three Beetles. LOWER INVERTEBRATES. Henry Dixon. ‘Three trays Diploria cerebriformis, Bermuda. John Ford. One Lscharella variabilis (Inv.), Ocean City, N. J. Com. Forsyth, U.S. N. Two Brissus pectoralis, Bahamas. C. W. Johnson. One Melitodes ochracea, Tonga Isl. INVERTEBRATE FOSSILS. A. A. Alexander. One Ammonites placenta, Lenola, N. J. W. W. Jefferis. One Monticulipara lycoperdon, Glens Falls, N. Y. Louis Woolman. Seven trays, Greenwich, N. J. RECENT MOLLUSCA. Anastasio Alfaro (National Museum of Costa Rica). Seventy-two specimens, Salinas Bay, Costa Rica. Dr. Harrison Allen. Hyalina arborea, Nantucket Island. Mrs. Geo. Andrews. [and shells, Black Mts., with types of two new species. 1895.1 NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHTA. 593 A. W. Anthony. Five species (alcoholic). D. D. Baldwin. Large collection of Achatinellide, with types of thirty-five new species and eleven species in alcohol. E. A. Barber. Helicodonta obvoluta, England (alcoholic). Mrs. Beaman. Nine species West Mexican marine shells, W.'T. Bednall. Twenty-nine species (marine), South Australia. E, A. Bielz (in exchange). One hundred and sixty-two species, Transylvania. F, E. Blanes. Cuban Helices in alcohol. H. Clay Borden. Physa, Pa.; Helix aspera, banana bunch Kaltio ein? Shas. 8. Boyer. Ostraa, Japan. B. Buckingham. ‘Two species, Bermuda. J. H. Campbell. Specimens of Acanthochites. Mrs. G. W. Carpenter. Forty-three species of marine shells. J. E. Chilberg. Polygyra townsendiana, living. Geo. H. Clapp. Nine species, living Vitrina limpida, Conchological Section. One hundred and twenty-eight species (pur- chased ) M. Cossmann (in exchange). Fourteen species of land and fresh- water shells. P. Z. Cox (in exchange). ‘Two species Zai/a, E. Africa. O. A. Crandall. Twenty-two trays of Physa; Texan land shells. Jas. Crawford. Sixteen species, South Africa. W.H. Dall. Twenty-two species. Ph. Dautzenberg (in exchange). Thirty species of land shells, Tonquin, Rev. A, Dean. Four species, African ; three American. O. Debeaux. Fifty species of North African land shells, in exchange. W.H. De Camp. Two species of fresh-water shells. J. M. Delaney. Specimens of Bud/a ovulum, Dr. 8.G. Dixon. Four species, Maine. Dr. C. 8. Dolley. Five species of land mollusks, Italy. Mrs. H. BE. Dwight. Five species marine shells. John Ford, Forty-two species. W.J. Fox. Twenty-three species, West Virginia, and other speci- mens. Mrs. E. M. Gaylord. Specimens of Chama pellucida, Dr. W. D. Hartman. Melania corporosa, Chas. Hedley. Specimens of land shells, Australia. J.B. Henderson. Nineteen species of Jamaica land shells in alcohol, A. A. Hinkley. ‘Ten species, Sirepomatida, Geo. A. Hubbard. Strobi/ops from Minnesota. Dr. W. BE. Hughes. Polyyyra dentifera, Canada. I, W. Hutton. Specimens of Chiton sinelairi. J. Kh. Ives. Three species. W. W. Jefferis. Campeloma and (Unio, Ft. Edward, N. Y. 594 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [ 1895. C. W. Johnson. ‘Twenty-six species, I. A. Lapham. Specimens of Pomatiopsis cincinnatiensis, Fk. R. Latehford. Collection of Canadian mollusks. Roberts Le Boutillier. Ostreea virginiana, near Boston, Geo. Lichtenthaler. Lucapina and Lucapinella in alcohol. Geo. T. Marston, Four species of fresh-water shells, Wisconsin. C. J. Maynard (in exchange). Sixty-six trays of Cerion. D. N. MeCadden and Dr. W. Kk. Hughes. Seven species of Virginian land shells. J. D. Mitehell. Unio mitehelli, Macoma tampaensis and Tellina mitchelli, , Wm. Moss. A new Flammulina from New Zealand, and other shells. Miss K. Musson. One species of Heliv. C. F. Newcombe. Eighty species of marine shells dredged near Victoria, B. C. Dr. E. J. Nolan, Helix pomatia and H. arbustorum, Bavaria, A. H. Norton. Three species. O. A. Nylander. Collection of shells from northern Maine. H. A. Pilsbry. Collection of Planorbes, mainly from Western and Southern States ; several species of land and marine mollusks. John Ponsonby (in exchange). Thirty-seven species of land shells from Haiti and South Africa. L’ Abbé Provancher. Eight Canadian species. S. N. Rhoads. Mollusks from Washington and Pennsylvania, John Richie, Jr. Four trays of shells. S. R. Roberts. Several species of land shells. EX. W. Roper. Typesof Patella kermadecensis; several land mollusks. F. A. Sampson. Pomatiopsis intermedia, California, and four species land shells (alcoholic). H. E. Sargent. Fifty-five species of shells, Alabama and Minnesota; five species in alcohol. M.Schepman. Marine shells from the Bahamas. Morris Schick. Seven species of aquatic mollusks, Dr. B. Sharp. ‘Twenty-five species. Dr. H. Simroth. Soft parts of Dorcasia alexandri. U.C. Smith. Numerous Jamaica land shells. Fr. Stearns. Twenty-two species of Japanese mollusks in alcohol; one species, Oahu. R. E. C. Stearns. Five species. W. Stone. Planorbis dilatatus, Pennsylvania. L. H. Streng. Campeloma and Bythinia, Michigan. S. H. Stupakoff. Four species, Pittsburgh, Pa. H. Suter. New Zealand and ‘lasmanian mollusks. E. R. Sykes. Seven species of marine mollusks, 1895.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 595 U.S. Department Agriculture. Ammnicola, Tryonia, Bythinella, and Fluminicola from Nevada and “ Death Valley.” E. G. Vanatta. Ten species of shells. H. D. Van Nostrand. Three species of Cerion ; eleven species of marine shells, Japan. Bryant Walker. Several Michigan mollusks. Robert Walton. Four hundred and fifty species. R. B. Watson. Collection of Madeira mollusks in alcohol. G. W. Webster. Strobilops, Florida A. G. Wetherby. Land mollusks, Tennessee and North Carolina. Chas. Le Roy Wheeler. Several mollusks from Cape May. Geo. Williamson (in exchange). Collection of Louisiana mollusks. Willard M. Wood. Zonites, San Francisco, Cal. L. Woolman. ‘Two species, fresh-water mollusks, New Jersey. Purchased by subscription. Nautilus pompilius L., in alcohol. PLANTS. Mrs. Bartol. Bryophyllum calyeinum and Bougainvillea glabra, cultivated, Florida. Geo. M. Beringer. Twenty-nine species of Hucalyptus, cultivated in California. Walter Deane. Lemna valdiviana, Randolph, Mass. Dr. Geo. E. Davenport. Aspidiwm simulatum and Aspidiwn cris- tatum x marginale, Massachusetts. J. B. Ellis. Century Thirty-three, North American Fungi. Dr. E. L. Greene. One hundred and eleven species, northern Cali- fornia plants. Dr. H. A. Greene (through Geo. M. Beringer). Thirty-three species North American Marine Algie. Wm. Hacker. Forty-eight species North American plants. Herbarium of Harvard University. Two hundred and forty-five species of New Foundland plants collected by B. L. Robinson and H. Schrenk. Roberts Le Boutillier. Fruit of “ntada scandens from Jamaica, Thomas Meeban. Ravenel’s Fungi Caroliniani Exsiccati, Fascicles IV and V. Sixty-five species of North American plants. Two hundred and fifty-three species of Asia Minor plants collected by Bornmiller ; four hundred and twenty-five Mexican plants col- lected by ©. G. Pringle; one hundred and twenty-six species of Azores Island plants collected by C. 8. Brown. Mrs. Potts. Two hundred and fifty-three species of plants collected in Asia Minor by Bornmiiller. John H. Redfield. Seven species of North American plants. Dr. Chas. Schiffer. Two bundred and fifty-three species of Asia Minor plants collected by Bornmiller. 40 596 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1895. Uselma C. Smith. Seeds of Hntada scandens from Jamaica and one hundred species of plants from Jamaica. Charles E. Smith. Two hundred and fifty-three species of Asia Minor plants. Baron Ferdinand Vou Miller (through Thomas Meehan). Eleven species of Australian plants. MINERALS AND Rocks. H. C. Borden, Seven specimens of Pyrite, French Creek, Pa. L. T. Chamberlain. One Calcite, Alabama River, Ala. A. H. Fisher. Two trays, Obsidian and Lazurite. Dr. FE. Goldsmith. One Dolomite with Quartz, Belvidere, N. J. BE. A. Groth. One Garnet, Fairmount Park, Pa. H. Haupt, Jr. Fifteen specimens, United States and Russia. H. G. Ives. One Limonite, Chester Co., Pa. Mineralogical and Geological Section. Muscovite, Chester Co., Pa. Theo. D. Rand. One each, Tale and Uranophane, Pennsylvania and Georgia. Lieut. Ruschenberger, U.S. N. Native Copper, Coquimbo, Chili. Jas. F. Sullivan. Petrified wood, 2 spee., Gibbsboro, N. J. Students Mineralogical Club. Twenty-four specimens, Pennsylvania. William 8S. Vaux Fund. One hundred and eighty-two specimens for Wm. 8. Vaux collection of minerals. NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 597 INDEX TO GENERA, ETC. 1895. 1895. ] Abastor , “va 407 Abies. . 413, 426, 429, 545 Acanthis . ’ 485 Acanthostigma paste AA Accipiter . . 464, 478 Acemyia . 311, 334 Acer . 434, 435 Achietoneura . . . 310, 333 Achatinella 214-226, 237 Achatinellastrum 215 Achatinellidze 214, 23, 238 Aciura . ‘ 337 Aclesia . 348 Acris. . 396 Acroglossa . 333 Acrosticta 337 Acrotoxa . se eeeT Actzeon . 122, 128 Actitis . ; 474 Adenostylum 426 Adrana 47 JEgeon . je eZ Megialitis . 474, 505 Agaronia. . ar ght aes Agelaius 4 Agkistrodon 393, 405 Aglaia . 251, 252 Agromyza . 818, 340 Agromyzidve . 339 Ailanthus. .. 416 AIS .. 168 Alactaga. . 278 Aleedinidve 482 Alle .. 504 Alligator . 408 Allograpta . 4? Saaees De 329 Amastra. 215, 228-234, 237 Amauropsis - ss S4 Amblystoma B82, 402, 406, 407 Amblystomidie 402 Amerosporium . 485 Ammodramus. . 489 Am pelidre 498 Ampelis . 464, 4195 | | Amphibia Amphienephes . Amphisphieria , Amphiuma Amyda Anas. . Anatidie . Ancilla. Andrenosoma Anhinga... Anhingidie . . Anisopogon Anolis . Anomia Anopheles . Anseres Anthomyia Anthomyidv . . Anthostomella . Anthrax . Antbhus Antrostomus . Anura . Apex, . Aplysia Aposphaeria . Apporhais . Aquila . Architectonica Arehytas . Arctostaphylos Arctotberium Ardea Ardeidie Ardella Arenaria. Argis Argyra , Argyramoerba Aromochelys Arundinaria Asclepias . Ascochyta . 394 _ 336 26, 418 . 406 eae _ 467, 468 eee 115-119, 122-129 : wipe 381, 466 466 328 404 21, 2, 100, 104, 114-124, 128, 129 319 467 336 335 424 26 498 en. aoe 394, 405, 407 215, 919 347-850 431 ieee |e 464, 479 325, 3 598 Asilidve Asilus Aspidonectes he? Asplenium . Aster. Asteroma Astacus Astarte . Astyris . Asyndetus . Atalapha ee Atomosia ‘ Atrophopalpus . Atrophopoda . rere Auriculella . Avicula. . Aythya Baccha. . Baccharis Bascanion Bassariscus Batrachia Bartramia . Bela . . Belosepia . . 116, Belvosia . Bembecinus Bembex ; Bembidula . Bibio Bibionid:e Bicyrtes Bigelovia. . Bison Bithynis . Bittacomorpha . Blarina Boisduvalia. . Bombylidze Bombylius . Bonasa . Borboridz . Borophagus Borsonia . Botaurus . Botryodiplodia . Botryosphaeria . Bovista : Brachycoma . Brachydeutera . Brachysporium Branta . Brasenia . Bubalus Bubo, PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF 323 | . . . 804, 824 . 386, 404, 406 434 541 431 . . 426, 550, 64 118, 120, 129- 124, 128, 130 [1895. Bufo . 396 Bufonids .... . . sitoueoneee Bulbifusus . . ee ey Bulimella 97, 117, 122, 127, 215, 217 Bulla 122 Buteo .. » » 479 Byssoarea . “114, 120, 123, oie Cadulus . . AIG; 119, 123, 127 Crenia . ; Soil Calamagrostis 544 Calamita . 397 Calearius . 505 Calidris 5038 Calliphora . 335 Calliste . . 251, 252 Calobata . 306, 336 Calosphieria ig 26 Calospiza 251, 252 Calyptrophorus 97, 100, 114, 115, 118, 130, 145, 147, 159 Campanula 544 poms sine : 484 Campsicnemus . 528 Camptoneura Ree 2) eNOS * Cancellaria 65-67, 97, 114, 122, 123, 127, 130 Cancer . 178, 182 Canis - 43 Capnodium 414 Caprimulgidze . . 484 Carcella :. . ... . . ac) aes Cardinalis . 491 Carex 544 Caricea. . . . BBS Caricella 67, 68, 114, ‘116, 117, 119, 125 Carnivora 447 Carphophis 393 Carphotricha . 337 Carpodacus aT. 488 Cassidaria : 114, 116, 119 Castanea . . 431, 435 Castilleia 423 Castor . 447 Catharista . 477 Cathartes Pee 477 Cathartids. . .. . » sie Sea Cecidomyidie . 319 QGélastrus. . - .. «+ yon) exe Celtis 421 Cenangella . 29 Cenangium 428 Ceophlous . . . 483 Cepphus . 502, 504 Cerastoma . 417 Ceratopogon 308, 320 Ceratostomella , 23, 30, 418 1895. } Ceraturgus . . . 4) a Cercospora . . . 438, 439 Ceria . : » Bat | Cerion ... . . - 206-210 Cerithium 79, 114, 118, 120, 121, 145, 147 Ceronia 52 Cerosporella 438 Certhia 499 Certhiidze 499 re 482 Chietoglossa . 3383 | Cheetomium . sf 20 Chietopsis . 337, 338 Cheetospheeyia . . Psi taeae Givotura ....... 484 Charadriidz ... . 474 Charitonetta . 469 Chelidon . , «ge Chelonia . . 383, 408, 406 Chelydra. . fein 2itas ee Chelydridze 4295-886 Chen... . . . 470, 503 Cherophilus . . . 178, 182 Chironomus . . uy UO Chironomyid . eho A eaO Chlorops . . . B18, 339 Chlorosplenium ve, 428 Chondestes . 489 Chondrotus 407 Shordeiles . 484 Chorophilus 397 Chortophila 336 Gerysemys..... sinc BB Chrysodomus 74, 128, 124, 127, 128 Chrysogaster . 329 Chrysomyia . . 335 Chrysopila . . 323 Chrysops . 321 Chrysotus 328 Ciboria 428 - Cibota .. . 122 Cimbiola. . 67 Circus . 478 Cladosporium “abe Clangula . . 469, 508 Clathurella. . 64 Clavilithes . . 73, 74, 113-121, 125, 130 Cleigastra 336 Clista . . 333 Clivicola . . 492 Clytiomyia 333 Cnemidophorus 386 Coccyges 482 Coccyzus 482 Cochlearia O44 NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA, Ccenosia . . Colaptes . Coninne ss 8S Coluber Colubridwe . . . Columbigallina Colymbus Compsomyia. . . Compsothlypis . . Coniothecium Conopidie Conops. . . Confonus’.... >..." Conpurus . Conus . Corbula Cordyluridze . Cornulina Cornus . Corvide .. Corvus. . Cottidee Crangon . Crangonidie Crassatella . Crassiseta Crataegus Cricetodipus . Crocodilia Crocodilus . Crocuta Crotalidze Crotalophorus Crotalus ... Cry ptobranchidie | Cry ptobranchus Cryptospheeria . Cuculidze Cuculleea Cucurbitaria . Culex .. Culicide . Cuterebra Cyanocitta . Cylichnella .. . Cylindrosporium . Cymbiola Cypriea Cyrtopogon Cytherea. . 7 _ . 117, 118, 128, 125 55, 114-129 “52, 97, 103, 113-130, 159 336 |. 486, 504, 505 410 174-181, 190-196 _ . » 178, 174, 198 48, 49, 112) 1142120, 145, 147 339 432 . 270, 271-275 403 rT; 105 . 448, 449 393 405 393 . . 403 . 408, 406 27 482 . 46, 4 5-147 420 - 319 319 331 486 54 435 122 | 114-116, 118, 120, 128, 124, 128- 180, 146, 7, 252 Cytoplea Dactylomyia . Dafila . . Dalmania Dasyllis Degeeria . 600 Dendroica . Dentalium . 97, 128, 125, 126, Deromyia Desmognathide . Desmognathus . nits Dexidie Deyeuxia . Diachlorus . Diadophis Diaphorus . Diatrypella Dicheta . . Dicranomyia. . Didelphys .. . Didymella . Didymospheeria Didymotrichia . arnt? _ B81, 400, 405 Diemyctylus . Dienoplus Dillwynella Dilophus. . Diospyros Diostrachus Dipalta Diplarthra . Diplodia . Diplodina Diplosis Dipodidze Dipodomys Dipus Discosia . Distortio . Ditrupa Dizonias . Dolichogaster Dolichonyx.. . Dolichopodid:e . Dolichopus. . Doridium WOTIN, ....* Dothidella . Dothiorella . Draba Drillia . . Drosophila . “hs aac Dryas Dryobates Duplicaria . . Eburnella Ectopistis Edentata . Egeon . Eleanoides . Elanus . PROCEEDINGS OF _ 464, 495, 496 | 113, 114, 116, 122, 128, 130, 147, 159 Le 828, 324 . . 400 a 400 334 270, 272 | 270, 271, 272 29 114, 116, 118, 119, 122-129 122 323 325 437 | 2 464, 482, 483 . 429 215 475 447 182 4 381, 1, 464, 478 478 THE ACADEMY OF [1895 Blephas ..:.. . . dissttee Hiotherium ... tape BAUS So: 6 a ohh Hin pide’. 2... abn ee Empidonax .. . . 881, 382, 486 OO a! ke, Enclimatoceras 45 Endopachys 116, 118, 124, 129 Engystoma,. . . . 382, 396 Engystomide ...... . 896 UPIBSIN eb es ae - te Bae Entoptychus. ... . . 270, 284 Eiphydra. .. ... . Bisa Ephydride .....% \ ayes Wpilobium . . . . gree Mquus . 2... ...5 > seer Erato ne, gape AAOPLES Erax . «a= Geechee PR . 3824 Breunetes . . . . «vo fi ieee Brigeron’ 2)... ws.” ee Briophorum-.. . : :'. | iatewes Byrioptera’ . ... .-. \, pee Krismatura 3) tee 469 Biristalis 9/0. =... yBuantha 2)... «.- eee Muaresta,, 2... *) OS Aan tucheilodon ...... 63, 122 Hucyphidea .. . “Gg Wahybous . 2 - = ns. 327 EKumeces . «es 3a) Sera 386 Buphyla .. . . a. Euplotes. ... . «iis Eurosta auc che ie BRON 337 Huspongus. .. . . - (ieee Eutypella ..... . . 425, 426 Huxesta 2.0 302 5): gop Fivotomys . « .. » i} st Wea aaeee Eixoprosopa .. .-. 4 \) sop FOS OTISLALY Ss. Fee. Rie ieee 332 Falco. . 464, 479, 504, 505 Baleconidz ... . ... \inwieae Faranctia:..... > |. .(veee Hasciolaria. ... . . >. «snaps Bes <)e.-- ). 449 himbria .. 5". 4apaee 349 Mlabellum . . . . \e7ee eye Homes’... - . ¢. shea 418 Fratercula . . .3.:-/ti5 pee Fraxinus . . 416, 425, 426, 431 Fridericia ..... . . 841-845 Fringillide... . > pee Pucellia . .«-. % . eswakeeee Molice .. . . «°: an) ts=eeaeee Foserium . . . : «)#¥sys0smeeee Fusicoccum ..... 432 Fusus 61, 69, 71, 72, 116, 119, 122- 125, 130, 147 Galeoscoptes........ 498 ee 1895.] Gallinze 475 Gallinago 473 Gallinula 473 Gastridium ... 122 Gastropoda. . . . Benes CGaptaey . . ..., ESOS Gaza... . 84 Geaster : . 415 Geomyidz . . 270-286, 339 Geothlypis . . . 381, 497 Gerardia . . 558 Geron 326 Gladiolus Put 435 Glaucionetta . 469 Glires 447 Gloeosporium 435 Glyceria . 545 Glyphocran gon 174 Gnamptopsilopus .... . 329 Guophomyia....:.. .% 320 Gonia 332 Gorytes 517-539 Grandinia ..... 413 Grindelia 439 Gruidz eet eee 472 OURO c., . . | PSD Grypheea . 142 @uiterrevia. ... .' ) bee4ga Gymnodexia. .. . . . 315, 334 Gymonoprosopa. . . Lenee'B82 Gymnopterus 328 Gymnoptychus 286 rm oigiaal 401 Habia ... 491 Haldea . 407 Halizeetus 479 Halteria . 168 Harporhy nehus 498 Helmintherus 494 Helminthophila 381, 464, 494, 495 Helianthus. , re a Helicobia . 817, 334 Helicter . . 287, 289, 240 Helicteres j 238 Helinaia . 494 Heliscomys .=eruh 288 Helophilus . 5 i> = te/-$80) 88) Hemerodromiu. ... . 327 Hemidactylium 407 Hemipenthes 825 Hendersonia . 438 Hermetia 321 Herodiones 47] Herpetodryas . 407 Herpotrichia . 21, 415 Heterochroa .. . . 806, 389 Heterodon | . 898, 407 Heteromyide ..... 270-286 NATURAL, SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 601 Hipisousi2”. | cee 438 Eillara). iM... 327 Hippelates!) (212.0). a6 L277 | Pyrgota . . 836 | Pyrola . ois Jose 464 Pyrrocoma... . . » 549 THE ACADEMY OF [1895. Pyrula . 77, 128, 124, 127, 128, 130, 145 Quercus . 428, 482, 483 Quiscalus ‘ . . 488 OSU vn 472 Mamuleria.. < ys tlie 437 Rana. : 382, 394-896, 407 Ranaria er 395 Rangifer..... 246 amides, sp2 te nal anes 394 Ranunculus 544 Raptores . - 477 Regulus 382, 500 Rhachicerus . . . 820 Rhamous 434-436 Rhipidia. .. . . 320 Rhynchoce yhalus 325 ieyeubopiils 466 Bbynchops... ... 2... 88 466 Rhus. . . 420, 424, 489 Ricinus i .. « ie Rimella 78, 114, 115, 130 Ringicula . See 58 Rissa. . 503, 504 EM ellis, f. uc0e. ce ie 336 ‘ Rosellinia . . 22, 23, 415, 416, 419 Sonteeiguge nh 428 Rumex. . 437 Sabinea. . 174, 175, 187, 188, 193 Sacomyide, .°. ... athe 282 Salix . ore... 436, 544 Salmo .. ae Sangbucus’:. .... . 9: . -ajie 440 Sapromyza . 338 Sapromyzidze . ts)nd ee Sarcomacronychia . . 334 Sarcophaga . = oe Sarcophagide . 316, 8384 Sarcotachinella . Seale Sargus 320 Sarothromyia +. i... aiees 334 Sassafras. . : . 483 Saucropus a O28 Sauria . . 386, 404 Sixicolawt:!:. /., 127 | Tarneculas-./. - 69, 116, 119, 123, | 1 25, 128 RTs cos . 59, 122 | Turritella 81, 82, 97, 114, 118-130, 145-148, 157, 158 Tyrannide . 485 Tyrannus Rees he 485 Umbellularia. . 433 Urellia . 337, 338 Co eS ee 504 Urinator . 465, 502 © (1895. Urinatoride . . 465 Uroeyon . 5 v8? Urodela : 400, 405, 407 Ursers . . ae 447 Urtica . . ot Pee 439 Vaccinium... .,.°. . “20;5@ YWaenera .... . 551 Valerianella . 548 Valsa 425 Venericardia 48, 97, 100, 103, 109, 110, 112, 113, 115, 116; 118" 120! 121, 128, 124, 127-130, 145-1477 157, 159 Wenrtariatstiiwni . 2c page) Venus . mS 251 Vermicularia . 28, 421 Vertumnus 349 Weepe ki h-wAth. |. Vireo of fatisiiod basi pea WVireonidse ds unlet ee ee 493 Virginia <) (32. .MoStaie 405, 407 Volueellas iirtt i fee: 330 Volutilithes 45, 67, 77, 100, 104-119, 123-1 28, 130, 146, 147 Volvaria’. Lov he 67 “Wolvulaes.. Jas 54, 119, 122 Vulpes. 447 Whitneya ... 2%, eolre 71 Woodsia... . 544 Xanthogramma 329 Kanthomelana.:..: . 332 Xylophagide .. . ah.jimé 320 MplOtAls fee... 4: « BBE Yoldia . .97, 103, 123, 129, 145, 147 Zapus : vib: /oQtig2e Tieb SO AA ore 433 Zenaidura . . 476 Zodion . 331 Tonotwrichia i’ s.r eee 489 1895.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 607 GENERAL INDEX. 1I895. Additions to the Museum, 590. Allen, Harrison, M.D., election to Council, 172. Election to Pub- lication Committee, 172. Anthropological Section, report of, 583. Baldwin, D. D. Description of new Species of Achatinella from the Hawaiian Islands ( Plates X and X1), 41, 214. Ball, M.V., M.D. Report of Mi- croscopical and Biological Sec- tion, report of, 574. Botanical Section, report of, 578. Brinton, D. G., M.D. Report of Professor of Ethnology and Archieology, 585. Brown, Stewardson. Report of Botanical Section, 578. Cadwalader, John, election to Council, 40. Carter, Henry John, announce- ment of death of, 249. Chapman, Henry C., M.D. port of Curators, 570. Cockerell, T. D. A. Some new Bees of the Genus Perdita, 11. The Bees of the Genus Perdita, 516. Committee on Hayden Memorial Award, report of, 541. Committees, Standing, . Conchological Section, report of, 576. Cope, Edw. D. brata from the fissure at Kennedy, Pa., 446, Corresponding Secretary, report of, 564. Coxe, Eckley B., annpuncement of death of, 249. Curator of the William 8S, Vaux Collections, 587. Curators, report of, 570, Dana James Dwight, announce- ment of death of, 212. Dixon, Samuel G., M.D., Re- The fossil verte- Port ap- | pointment on Library Commit- tee, 213. Curative effect of tau- rin, 516. Report of the Profes- sor of Histology and Micro- scopic Technology, 586. Elections during 1895, 588. Ellis, J. B. Notes on specimens of Pyrenomycetes in the Schweinitz Herbarium of the Academy, 10, 20. Ellis, J. B., and B. M. Everhart. New Species of Fungi from va- rious localities, 375, 413. Entomological Section, report of, Ot. Foote, A. [f., M.D., announce- ment of death of, 442. Foote, Warren M. Preliminary Note on a New Alkali Mineral, 408. Fowke, Gerard. Archeological Work in Ohio, 442, 506. kox, Wm. J. Synopsis of the Stizini of Boreal America, 249, . 264. Synopsis of the Bembi- cini of Boreal America (Plate XIV), 351. Synopsis of the North American Species of Go- rytes Latr., 443, 517. Greene, Edw. L. Eclogre Bo- tanicwe, No. 2. I. Some new ° Western Plants; TI. Revision of 'Tropidocarpum, 541, 546, Harlow, Louis A., M.D., an- nouncement of death of, 443, Harris, Gilbert D. On some New and otherwise Interesting ‘Ter- tiary Mollusca’ from ‘Texas (Plates [-IX), 10, 45. Hayden Memorial Award, report ou, 541. Hayden Committee, 213. Heilprin, Angelo, The Port Ken- nedy deposit, 451. Appoint- ment as Professor of Geology Memorial Geological appointment — of, 608 516. Report of Professor of In- vetebrate Paleontology, 583, Hine, Elmore ©., M. D., an- nouncement of death of, 172. Holm, Theo. Contributions to the Flora of Greenland, 516, 543. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF ; Houston, H. H., announcement | of death of, 302. Hulke, John Whitaker, 9 an- nouncement of death of, 212. Huxley, Thomas H., announce- | ment of death of, 302. Index to Genera, 597. Jefferis, William W., appoint- ment as Curator of the William S. Vaux Collections, 213. Re- port of the Curator of the Wil- Jiam 8. Vaux Collections, 587. Johnson, C., W., and D..W..Co- quillet. Diptera of Florida, 291, 3085. Keller, Ida A. The jelly-like se- cretion of the fruit of Peltandra undulata, 249, 287. the Study of the Cross-fertiliza- tion of Flowers by Insects, 541, 2. Kennedy, William. ‘The Kocene Tertiary of Texas east of the Brazos River, 41, 89. Kirkwood, Daniel, announce- ment of death of, 442, Lamborn, Robert H., announce- ment of death of, 10. Lawrence, George N., announce- ment of death of, 172. Leonard, C. L., M.D. On anew method of studying cell motion, 10, 38. Lewis, Samuel G., announcement of death of, 541. Librarian, report of, 565. Meehan, Thomas. Memoir of John Howard Redfield, 250, 292. Report of Botanical Sec- tion, 578. Mereer, Henry C. A preliminary account of the re-ex ploration in 1894 and 1895 of the Rone-Hole, now knownas Irwin’s Cave, at Port Kennedy, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, 4438. Microscopical and Biological Sec- tion, report of, 574. Mineralogical aud Geological Sec- tion, report of, 580. Moore, Clarence B. Certain River- Notes on | ’ Oberholtzer, [1895. mounds in Duyal Co., Florida, 442,448. Two Mounds on Mur- phy Island, Florida, 442, 443. Certain Sand Mounds of the Ocklawaha River, Florida, 442, 443. Moore, J. Perey. Notes on Ameri- can Enchytreide. I. New Species of Fridericia from the vicinity of Philadelphia (Plate XIII), 302, 341. Moorhead, William G., an- nouncement of death of, 10. Morris, Charles. The Extinetion of Species, 249, 253. Report of Anthropological Section, 583. Morris, Rev. John G., announce- ment of death of, 442. Nolan, Edw. J., M.D A. bio- graphical notice of W. S. W. Ruschenberger, M.D.,452. Re- port of Recording Secretary, 562. Report of Librarian, 565. Norwood, J. G., announcement of death of, 442. Vickers. Geology of the Island of Gland, 249. Officers for 1896, 588. Ornithological Section, report of, 581. Ortmann, Arnold E. A Study of the systematic and geographic Distribution of the Decapod Family Crangonide Bate, 172, 1738. Pilsbry, Henry A., election as Curator, 211. On the status of the names Aphysia and Tethys, 347. Report of Conchological Section, 576. Report of the Professor of Malacology, 586. Pilsbry, Henry A., and E. G. Vanatta. New Species of the Genus Cerion, 206, 212. Professor of Ethnology and Arch- ology, report of, 585. Professor of Histology and Miero- seopic Technology, report of, 586. Professor of Invertebrate Paleon- tology, refort of, 585. Professor of Invertebrate Zoology, report of, 585. Professor of Malacology, report of, 586. Rand, Theo. D. Trap Dykes in Chester Co., Pennsylvania, 540. { : { 1895. ] Report of Mineralogical and | Geological Section, 580. Recording Secretary, report of, 562. Redfield, John H., announce- ment of death of, 171. Memorial minute, 171. Obituary notice of, 292. Report of Anthropological Sec- tion, 583. Report of Botanical Section, 578. Report of Conchological Section, 576. Report of Corresponding Secre- tary, 564. Report of the Curator of the Wil- liam 8. Vaux Collections, 587. Report of Curators, 570. Report of Entomological Section, 577. Report ou the Hayden Memorial Award, 541. Report of Librarian, 565, Report of Microscopical and Bio- logical Section, 574. Report of Mineralogical and Geo- logical Section, 580. Report of Ornithological Section, 5381. Report of Professor of Ethnology and Archeology, 585. Report of Professor of Histology and Microscopic Technology, 586. Report of Professor of Inverte- brate Paleontology, 55°. Report of Professor of Iuverte- brate Zoology, 555. Report of Professor of Malacology, 586. Report of Recording Secretary, 562. Rex, George A., M. D., an- nouncement of death 38. Memorial minute, 40, Rhoads, 8. N. Deseription of new Mammals from Florida and Southern California, 10, 32. New Subspecies of the Gray Fox and Say’s Chipmunk, 41, 42. Notes on Varying Hares of Washington and = British Columbia, 212, 241. Distribu- tion of the American Bison in Pennsyivania, with remarks on a new fossil Species, 212, 244. Contributions to the Zoology of Tennessee, No, 1—Reptiles and of, NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 609 Amphibians, 376. © Contribu- tions to the Zoology of Tennes- see, No. 2—Birds, 375, 463. Riley, Charles V., announcement of death of, 442. Ruschenberger, W.S. W., M.D., announcement of death of, 172. Biographical notice of, 452. Ryder, John A. An arrangement of the Retinal Cells in the Eyes of Fishes partially simulating Compound Eyes, 161. The true Nature of the so-called ** Nettle- Threads’ of Paramcecium, 167. Announcement of death of, 172. Memorial minute, 211. Saporta, Gaston de, announce- ment of death, 212. Scott, Wm. B. Protoptychus Hatcheri, a new Rodent from the Uinta Eocene, 249, 269. Sharp, Benjamin, M. D. Ona collecting tour in Alaska, Ber- ing Sea and the Arctic Ocean, 442. Report of Corresponding Secretary, 564. Report of Pro- fessor of Invertebrate Zoology, 585. Skinner, Henry, M.D. Report of Entomological Section, 577. Standing Committees, 9. Starks, Edwin Chapin. Deserip- tion of a new Genus and Species of Cottoid Fishes from Puget Sound, 375, 410. Stone, Witmer. On the Priority of the names Calliste, Aglaia and Calospiza, and their use in Ornithology, 218, 251. List of Birds collected in North Green- land by the Peary Expedition. of 1891-92, 442, 502. Report of Ornithological Section, 581. Sutor, Henry, aud H. M. Gwat- kin. Observations on the den- tition of Achatinellida, 41, 287. Thomas, Charles M., M. D., an- nouncement of death of, 516, ‘Tomes, Sir Johu, announcement of death of, 442. Walter, Emma. Does the Dela- ware Water Gap consist of Two River Gorges ? 172, 198. Williamson, Passmore, announce- ment of death of, 172. Wingate, Harold, — resignation from Council, 516. i 7 iy rn ae : ' mec : 2 fy th, “ ; an . yy vs ; ave | Ou a sinvaleg ‘ 4 jon aie. yi MTL Ta -: Las ey Aw , a HARRIS, TERTIARY MOLLUSCA OF TEXAS, F Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila 895. Plate II. HARRIS, TERTIARY MOLLUSCA OF TEXAS. Plate III HARRIS, TERTIARY MOLLUSCA OF TEXAS. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila co ) HARRIS, TERTIARY MOLLUSCA OF TEXAS. Plate V Phila Acad. Nat. Sci. Proc 8a5 TEXAS, ()} MOLLUSCA TERTIARY HARRIS, Plate VI TEXAS. ()F TERTIARY MOLLUSCA HARRIS, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1895 E . ; Va "1 { f Ahi) i a i, LUT Ne op we HARRIS, TERTIARY MOLLUSCA OF TEXAS. TEXAS. TERTIARY MOLLUSCA OF HARRIS, Plate IX 895 Phila Acad. Nat. Sei Proc AAG RAO h nS vay hh NAAN TEXAS. MOLLUSCA OF HARRIS, TERTIARY Proc. Acad Nat. Sci.Phila.1895. Plate X. Pa ah inadhs h a | y | Pi | 28 29 / ’ =| = ey ke BALDWIN ON ACHATINELLA. Phila .1895. BALDWIN ON ACHATINELLA. Plate XII. Proc, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1895. PELTANDRA. KELLER ON Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1895. Plate XIII. MOORE ON FRIDERICIA. . Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila, 1895 Piate XIV. § 10 FOX ON BEMBICINI. ‘ ’ ' 4 a + § ~”71 q mt § - ° t s : . + perio ys — je 7° , hil ey me sr 4 i j ine vita, 8 Mus MW é { j ‘by 7 Aah 3) Gn i a , ary Ah i! By teh od San ee } ‘ QH Academy of Natural Sciences 1 of Philadelphia A2 Proceedings PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY STORAGE a ad fk we DAmde 03 Ahn tt AREAL hn se set cartade = Aidacat on Raenepamanien! sais ek aleae nt Aa ia eee: al teh in ne et ade eae Seprie's > inant ane cation bets nen meh areee