4ir*«" .^ ■..%t%:^\;v :0^'W r«*N^ • .4 t. W ■■ -^"1«^ , UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LIBRARY Digitized by tlie Internet Arciiive in 2010 witii funding from Boston Library Consortium IVIember Libraries http://www.arcliive.org/details/proceedingsofann61891liols i=K.ocE:Eoi]srGrS Sixth Annual Meeting HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ISSOCIlTIOIf OF AMERICA, HELD AT Syracuse, N. Y., March i8th, 1891, REPORTS OF MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF OFFICERS. Davenport, Iowa. Egbert, Fidlar, & Chambers, Printers. 189I. li'ii '1 r Trrr.^' SIXTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE IjOLSTEIN-pRIESmN ^jsSOCmTION CDF- jRl3XEEI5.ICjRs., Held at the Vandefbilt House, Sypaeuse, fi. V., niafeh 18th, 1891. President D. H. Burrell called the meeting to order at 10 o'clock A. M. , stating- that the first business would be the calling of the roll, and that those holding proxies would, when their names were called, please rise and so state. The Secretary then called the roll. Forty-four answered present, and one hundred and forty-four were represented by px'oxies. Those who were present were : Allen, Irving W., . East Syracuse, New York. Beuchler, J. R., Leesburg, Virginia. Brown, A. W., Unadilla Forks, New York. BUEL, W. J., Hamilton, New York. BURCHARD, Sylvester, Hamilton, New York. Burrell, D. H., Little Falls, New York. Cole, A. F., Pine Woods, New York. Grand ALL, W. D. , West Edmeston, New York. DUTCHER, J. B., Pawling, New York. Haviland, -Joseph, Glens Falls, New York. Hinckley, D.J. , Brookfield, New York. HORR, C. W., Wellington, Ohio. Houghton, F. L., Putney, Vermont. HoxiE, S., Yorkville, New York. HUEDEKOPER, Edgar, MeadviUe, Pennsylvania. Hunt, Charles, Delphi, New York. Hunter, John, Sterling Valley, New York. Langworthy, Hollum, West Edmeston, New York. Liggett, William, M., Benson, Minnesota. Miller, Dudley, Oswego, New York. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, Newman, W. W., South Onondaga, New York. Otis, Isaac C, Jordan, New York. Payne, C. R, Hamilton, New York. Powell, E. A., Syracuse, New York. Powell, W. G., Shadeland, Pennsylvania. Pratt, C, Syracuse, New York. RUMSEY, C.E., Pittsburg-, Pennsylvania. Sholes, N. F., Syracuse, New York. Smith, W. Brown, Syracuse, New York. Smith, W. J., Syracuse, New York. Smith, Wing R., Syracuse, New York. Stevens, Henry, Lacona, New York. Sweet, Martin L., Grand Rapids, Michigan. SWEEZEY, C. F"., Marion, New York. SWEEZEY, S. W Marion, New York. Van Dreser, Henry, Cobleskill, New York. Wales, Thomas B., Iowa City, Iowa. Warner, H. D., Lanesville, Connecticut. Warren, C. H., Verona, New York. Wheeler, G. D., Deposit, New York. Wood, Don J., West Exeter, New York. Wright, S. N., . Elgin, Illinois. Yeomans, E. L., Walworth, New York. Yeomans, L. T. , Walworth, New York. Yeomans, T. G., Walworth, New York. The President : The business next in order is the appointment of a Committee on Proxies. If there are no objections the Chair will appoint. The committee will consist of C. E. Rumsey, J. L. Dean, and Dudley Miller. All members holding proxies will please hand them to the Secretary. The report of the Committee on Proxies was read, as follows : Thomas B. Wales was entitled to 107 votes ; M. L. Sweet, 10 ; S. N. Wright, 5 ; Smiths, Powell & Lamb, 4 ; H. Langworthy, 3 ; W. G. Powell, 3 ; C. W. Horr, 2 ; Henry Van Dreser, 1 ; Wing R. Smith, 1 ; Judson Smith, 1 ; D. H. Burrell, 1 ; W. M. Liggett, 1 ; P. L. Hough- ton, 1 ; D. J. Hinckley, 1 ; S. Burchard, 1 ; G. D. Wheeler, 1 ; J. R. Beuchler, 1. The President : It is the opinion of the Chair that the reading of the minutes of the last meeting may be dispensed with. Reports of the proceedings have been furnished all members. On motion, it was so ordered. /Sg/.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. The PRESroENT : Let me say, gentlemen, that the precedent has been established of omitting any address by the President. I do not know that I shall present a single new thought, and if the Executive Committee deem it wise not to have published the remarks I make it will be entirely agreeable to me. I realize the fact that those who are present are men of independence of thought, and that you will draw your own conclusions independent of the thought of any one else. I have the hope that we may be able to give such advice to our friends, the agriculturists, as will stir them to some extent and make them patrons of the Holstein-Friesian Association. I have reduced to writing what I have to say. The President then proceeded to read his address, which the Executive Committee decided to omit from the record of proceedings, in deference to a suggestion made by President Burrell. The President : I carefully considered whether or not the ques- tion of politics was involved. If it is, I cannot help it. I have presented to you my sober convictions. Since that little item was published in the Utica Herald three farms have been sold in Herki- mer county. One worth more than $10,000 sold under foreclosure for just the face of the mortgage, $10,200. That farm in 1877-78 was held at $20,000. There is some reason for this, and I have endeavored to give you my honest thought on the subject, wholly independent of politics. SECRETARY'S REPORT. Secretary Wales read his report, as follows : Mr. President and Members of the Holstein-Friesian Association of America : Notwithstanding the general depression in all cattle busi- ness during- the past twelve months, when one might naturally expect a falling off in the registry and transfer of cattle, my books show that we have transacted a larger business than ever before. Our receipts and disbursements for the year ending March 1st, 1891, have been as follows : RECEIPTS. For membership $ 700 00 For herd-books 382 23 For bull registry from members 3,883 00 For bull registry from non-members 7^91 00 For cow registry from members 1,145 50 For cow registry from non-members 4,329 50 For bull transfer for members 65 00 For bull transfer for non-members 618 50 For cow transfer for members 190 00 For cow transfer for non-members 1,367 50 For duplicate certifieates 86 75 For extended pedigrees 37 00 Balance of personal accounts 362 24 Total S -30,559 22 ANNUAL MEETING OF tHfe [March, DISBURSEMENTS. Paid for bulls slaughtered $ 5,275 00 Paid for bulls castrated 2,555 00 — 17,830 00 Board of Officers' account 585 33 Experimental station account 44 76 Expense account 1,613 39 Printing account , 930 70 Clerk hire 3,527 17 Stamp account 543 83 Special premium account 450 00 Paid W. Brown Smith, Treasurer 5,034 04 Total i20,559 22 During- the year we have recorded 7,293 animals — 2,197 bulls and 6,096 cows — all American bred, and the ownership of 6,027 animals has been transferred on our records. Of these, 1,690 were bulls and 4,337 were cows. I have issued 175 duplicate certificates, making a total output of 13,495 certificates, besides handling and recording 1,566 bounty applications. Seven hundred and seventy-three more cows and 421 less bulls have been registered than during the previous year. In June last Volume VI. of our herd-book was issued. Volume VII. was completed in December, and Volume VIII. is finished and will soon be distributed. During the year we have paid $7,830 for 1,566 bull calves that have been either killed or castrated. The total amount paid for bounties during the two years this rule has been in force is $10,810. The question is to come before you to-day as to whether we shall continue the payment of bounties. Certainly what we have already done in this way has laid the foundation for an improvement in the breed, and the breeders have been benefited financially to the extent of the $10,810 we have paid them. The scheme has naturally met the approval of those who have been directly benefited by it. As our rules now stand, a member may send me an application for bounty for the killing of a poor calf that he would probably have killed in any event, and at the same time ten applications for the registry of heifers, and have his ten certificates of registry returned to him and the ten pedigrees printed in the herd-book, all for nothing. The question to decide is whether the Association can afiiord to do so. If it can, well and good. If it cannot, then we must be glad for the good we have accomplished and abandon the plan, at least for the present. The subject of a change of registry fees is also to be brought up, and I desire to state it is very important a fee list be established that can be maintained year after year, and furnish what funds are needed for our work. Any change in fees causes much extra correspondence, and consequent trouble and annoyance to the breeder. It is due to our breeders who are not members of this Association, as well as to ourselves, that the fees be made as low as possible for the work re- quired. Excepting for bulls, our fees have been much lower than iSgi.'] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. those of other like associations, and I anticipate that all breeders will acknowledge the past liberality of this Association and the quality of the service that has been rendered, and will gladly accede to any change that may seem to be wise to the majority of our members gathered here to-day. Of the $1,400 offered by the Association for special premiums for 1890, but $350 was called for, as our offerings were for dairy herds in competition with other breeds, and at a large majoi-ity of the state fairs and expositions selected no premiums were offered for such a class. Our herds having for many years made nearly a clean sweep in such competitions, it was but natural that influence should be brought to bear on fair managements to discontinue such offerings. The winners of the premiums that were paid by us were the Home Farm Fine Stock Company, of Iowa, and George B. Polhemus, of California. As we are to be asked to-day to provide for future special premiums, I take the liberty to suggest that we look forward to the greatest live stock exhibition that has ever yet been held in any country, and make the most liberal provision in our power for pre- miums for our breed at the World's Columbian Exposition. There never has been, and in our life time there never will be again, such an opportunity to impress upon the American jjeople, and in fact upon the people of all nations, the usefulness and grandeur of our herds. I have had the honor of assisting in the arrangement of the classifications for that great live stock exhibition, and althoug'h I am not at liberty at present to give it publicity, I assure you it will be the opportunity of your lives to win the greatest possible honors, not only in the dairy classes, but others to which we shall gain entrance. At least $10,000 should be provided for special premiums for our breed at the World's Fair. Although strictly outside the province of this report, I cannot re- frain from congratulating evei'y fover of our cattle throughout the world on the greatest victoi-y that we have ever won, and particularly Messrs. J. B. Dutcher & Son, of Pawling, N. Y., the fortunate and enterprising owners of the cow Pauline Paul, which has so badly broken the world's record for a year's production of butter — 1,153 pounds, 151 ounces in one year, or 208 pounds, 6f ounces more than any Jersey cow ever made. Since my last report we have added four names to our membership list, and I have to inform you of the death of two valued members, Messrs. George L. Wells, of Wethersfield, Conn., and Dr. L. Ell- wood, of Schenectady, N. Y. Respectfully submitted, Thomas B. Wales, Secretary. Mr. J. B. Dutcher: I move the report be accepted and published in the proceedings. Carried. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, The President: I wish to say at this time that it was my pleas- ure to pay a visit to the home of our Secretary during the last sum- mer, and, although he was absent, I found those in charge of his office most coux'teous and attentive. No system could be more per- fect than the one Mr. Wales has introduced in looking after the affairs of this Association. My visit was a most delightful one, espe- cially as I found everything in such pei-fect condition. The PREsmENT: The next business in order is the report of the Treasurer, W. Brown Smith. TREASURER'S REPORT. The Treasurer's report was then read, as follows: Mr. President and Gentlemen of the Holstein-Friesian Association of America: I herewith present the following report of the receipts and expenditures of the Holstein-Priesian Association of America for the fiscal year ending with the date of this meeting: 1890. March ]9. June 6. July 1. July 1. July 1. Nov. 3X 1891. Jan. 1. Jan. 1. Jan. 1. March 9. 1890 March 27. March 29. June 13. June 28. Aug. 30. Sept. 9. Sept. 15. Sept. 25. Oct. 20. Nov. 26. Dec. 13. RECEIPTS. Balance on hand as per last report Cash from Thomas B. Wales, Secretary, as per quarterly report $1,622 87 Received interest on deposit, Onondaga County Savings Bank 60 00 Received interest on deposit, Syracuse Savings Bank 60 00 Received interest on deposit. Salt Springs National Bank 296 61 Cash from Thomas B. Wales, Secretary, as per quarterly report 2,106 18 Received interest on deposit. Salt Springs National Bank 249 20 Received interest on deposit, Onondaga County Savings Bank .* 61 20 Received interest on deposit, Syracuse Savings Bank .... 61 20 Cash from Thomas B. Wales, Secretary, as per quarterly report 1,261 35 Total receipts for fiscal year EXPENDITURES. S. Burchard, account of Advanced Registry J 1-10 00 J. L. Stone, account of Advanced Registry 24 00 Egbert, Fidlar, & Chambers, Herd-Book 1,468 80 Holstein-Friesian subscription to June 15th, 1890 500 00 S. N. Wright, account of Advanced Registry 8 00 S. Burchard, account of Advanced Registry 104 00 Thomas B Wales, Secretary, salary six months to Sep- tember 1st, 1890 1,250 00 Holstein-Friesian subscription to September 15th, 1890.... 500 00 S. Hoxie, salary six months to September 17th, 1890 500 00 Egbert, Fidlar, & Chambers, Herd-Book 1,483 20 J. L. Stone, account of Advanced Registry 24 00 $21,282 43 $ 5,778 61 $27,061 04 iSp/.] HOLSTEIN-PRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. Dec. 15. S. N. Wright, account of Advanced Registry 28 00 Dec. '22. Carey R. Smith, account of Advanced Registry 24 00 Dec. 22. Holstein-Friesian subscription to December 15th, 1890 525 00 1891. Jan. 23. S. N. Wright, account of Advanced Registry 104 00 March 9. Tliomas B. Wales, Secretary, salary six months to Marcli 1st, 1891 1,250 00 March 9. O. P. Chapman, account of Advanced Registry 16 00 March 9. Holstein-Friesian subscription to March 15th, 1891 525 00 March 18. W. B. Smith, Treasurer, one year's salary 250 00 March 13. S. Hoxie, salary six months to March 17th, 1891 500 00 Total expenditures for fiscal year — 8 9,224 00 Balance on hand 17,837 04 127,061 04 Deposited as follows : In Syracuse Savings Bank $ 3,000 00 In Onondaga County Savings Bank 3,000 00 In Salt Springs National Bank 11,837 04 $17,837 04 Respectfully submitted, W. Brown Smith, Treasurer. Mr. A. Lamb: I move the report be accepted and published in the pi'oceedings. Carried. The President: The next business in order is the report of the Superintendent of Advanced Registry. SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT. The Superintendent of Advanced Registry read his report, as fol- lows: To the President and Members of the Holstein-Friesian Association of America : During the official year commencing with the date of the last annual meeting two hundred and three cows and nineteen bulls have been received to Advanced Registry, bringing the totals to nine hundred and sixty-three cows and ninety-three bulls, or one thous-' and and fifty-six animals of both classes. The third volume of the Register has also been published, five hun- dred copies, and distributed in accordance with the rules of the Asso- ciation. Entries to this volume were received up to June 19th, the work coming from the press July 25th. Since that date fifty-five cows, eight bulls, and twenty-four additional records have been received to Volume IV. The total cash receipts from all sources have been 8667 94 The total expenditures (not including salary of Superintendent and bills of Inspectors, Tvhich are paid by the Treasurer), are 664 41 Balance in my hands (cash) 83 53 There is a balance of overpaid registry fees to the amount of $11.50, and of registry fees not yet collected to the amount of $167.00, giving 10 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, a balance to the credit of the Association to the amount of $155.50, which added to cash in my hands makes a net balance due the Asso- ciation of $159.03. There are now in my hands two hundred and seventy-seven copies of Volume I. Advanced Registry; two hundred and eighty-one copies of Volume II. Advanced Registry; one hundi*ed and eight copies of Volume III. Advanced Registry. Respectfully submitted, S. HoxEE, Superintendent Advanced Registry. Mr. J. B. Dutcher: I move it be accepted and published in the proceedings. Carried. Mr. J. B. Dutcher: I would like to ask the Superintendent of Advanced Registi*y if the $167.00 mentioned in his report as due can be collected. Superintendent Hoxie: I think the most of it can be collected. Perhaps I ought not to call names, but some of the best men in the Association have overlooked the matter, their business is so large. The larger portion of the amount is due from the wealthiest men in the Association. Mr. J. B. Dutcher: I think it is the proper time now to make a motion that the Superintendent allow of no registry unless the fee is paid in cash in advance. Carried. Mr. D. J. Wood: Is there any rule that applies in the same way to the Secretary's business"? Secretary Wales: There is a rule requiring the pre-payment of all fees. The President: It was ordered at the last meeting that an Auditing Committee should be appointed to examine the accounts of the officers and report to this meeting. That committee consists of C. R. Payne, W. B. Smith, C. W Horr, R. Burchard, L. T. Yeo- mans, and G. D. Wheeler. Will the chairman please make his re- port. Mr. President: The Auditing Committee presents its report, as follows: Your committee which was ai^pointed to audit the accounts of the Secretary, Treasurer, and Superintendent of Advanced Registry re- spectfully report that they have carefully gone through the respective accounts, and find them all correct so far as vouchers are furnished, as they are for all expenditures. l8gi.'\ HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 11 As no voucher can be furnished by the Superintendent of Advanced Registry or by the Secretary for amounts received by them, it is not possible for your committee to verify those accounts for the amounts I'eceived. Such would only be possible by an accountant who had ac- cess to all of the books of those officers. Your committee commend the business-like manner in which the respective accounts and vouchers were presented. The President: The next thing in order is new business. Is there any, Mr. Secretary ? Secretary Wales: The first question to be acted upon is the amendment of the By-Laws so as to discontinue the payment of bounties for bull calves slaughtered or castrated. The President: -It is moved and seconded that the bounties re- main the same. Carried. Mr. W. G. Powell: I move that the registry fees for recording bulls under one year old remain the same as for last year. Seconded and carried. Mr. C. W. Horr: I move that we double the fees for the regis- tration of females under one year old, making them for members $1.00 each, for non-members $2.00 each, and members to pay $2.00 and non-members $4.00 if the animals are over one year old at the time application for their registry is received. Seconded and carried. Mr. W. G. Powell: I move the fee for recording bulls over one year old for members be $10.00 each, and for non-members $12.00 each. A Member: That applies to animals born prior to to-day as well as after to-day. The President: The Chair rules that the change in fees will take effect after to-day. Mr. Henry Stevens: I think this is all wrong. I think we should not do anything with the registry of an animal born previous to this date. I think we should start in from now, because the mem- bers of this Association have acted according to our By-Laws hereto- fore, and we should do nothing to interfere. Mr. N. F. Sholes: The motion I am about to make does not ap- ply to me, as my females are all recorded. I move that these fees ap- ply only to animals ( females ) born after to-day. Seconded and declared carried. 12 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE \_MarcIl, The President: I find that I am mistaken. I did not take into account the proxies. Counting the proxies the motion is lost. Mr. W. G. Powell: I believe the proxies cannot be voted on a standing vote. Mr. C. W. Horr: The proxies certainly have a right to vote. Would it not be better to call the roll V The President: It would take too long. Mr. S. Hoxie: I would move a reconsideration. A Member: How did the gentleman vote? Mr. S. Hoxie: I did not vote at all. Mr. C. W. Horr: I now move for a reconsideration. I have a right, as representing Mr. Chapman. Mr. W. G. Powell: I would raise the point of ord er that a mem- ber who did not vote in affirmative cannot move a reconsideration. Supposing a gentleman did not have time to get out his certificate. Now you compel him to pay double fees. I do not believe that you can legally make this law in this way. The President: The point of order stated by Mr. Powell is well taken, and is sustained. Mr. C. Pratt: I will vote in favor of the motion, and move a re- considei'ation. The President: It is too late, now. A Member: How does the question now stand '? The President: The proxies cannot be counted, and therefore the decision of the Chair will stand as first recorded. Mr. C. W. Horr: I now appeal fi'om the decision of the chair, and ask for a roll call. I am clearly right. Mr. J. B. Dutcher: If I understand anything about this ques- tion, it can only be reached in one way, by some gentleman in the affirmative moving to reconsider this vote. Mr. C. W. Horr: I move, in the name of Mr. Chapman, to re- consider. The President rendered his decision, and I appeal from that ; to this I have clearly a right. The President: The Chair will always take sides for perfect liberty of speech; that's the quickest way. I do not think it best to be too technical. I think we should make all allowances — those of us who are not skilled in parliamentary usages. Mr. J. B. Dutcher: I voted in the affirmative. If it is to go on in this way I will move a reconsideration. This proxy business is all iSg/.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 13 right, probably, but in one sense it is all wrong. Nine-tenths of these proxies may be held by one individual. He has an opportunity for soliciting proxies which no one else has. I appreciate the Secretary's opinion — no one appreciates it more than I do. How he will vote on this question I know nothing about. I do not think a man holding one hundred proxies should vote on a question of this kind. I think it is not right. It may be legal. The point is, these proxies were received without any instructions whatever. Mr. Horr and myself voice our own sentiments. I believe the proxies should contain the wishes of the men presenting them. Secretary Wales: I want to make one statement. I have not this year asked a single member of the Association for a proxy. In every case I have asked the member to send me instructions; there has been no exception. I desire the Association to understand this clearly and distinctly. Mr. J. B. Dutcher: That is undoubtedly true, but there are proxies without instructions. Mr. Dudley Miller: When this matter came to a vote those holding proxies had as much time to vote them as the rest of us did. They didn't vote them, and this Association adopted a new By-Law. I do not know how, in justice, they can bring the matter up again. They were sleeping at the proper time. [Laughter.] Mr. C. W. Horr: I supposed the proxies would vote the other way. But they didn't. [Laughter.] I knew the Secretary believed that we had to increase our income materially. It so happens that I have not recorded a single calf born this winter, so I was voting against my own interests, but in the interest of the Association. We have each a right to our own opinion. When a man sends his proxy to the Sec- retary it is to be presumed that he wants the Secretary to vote for him. I presume the reason why the Secretary has more proxies than I have — I have but two, and one of those is my partner's — is because the members of the Association would rather have his judgment than to have mine. On an important matter L would send my proxy to the Secretary. I think it is the Secretary's duty to vote these proxies. I think the proxies will have to be voted by the Secretary, because he will use them for the interests of the Association, and for no selfish interest whatever. Mr. W. W. Newman: Has the gentleman ever voted on such a question ? Mr. C. W. Horr: We had the same question before us at Buffalo. Mr. Dudley Miller: I think Mr. Wales has a good right, not only legally but in a moral sense, to vote for the gentlemen whose proxies he holds. 14 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE \^March, Mr. W. W. Newman: As one who voted for the resolution, I move its reconsideration. Mr. C. W. Horr: Then I ask for a roll call. Mr. C. E. Rumsey: This is a broad question, not one for two or three calves. Let us take it up as men interested in this whole great subject. I think it is practically settled ; but we do not want to have a " sorehead " in the room. Mr. J. B. Butcher: What kind of a motion does Mr. Horr de- sire to make ? Mr. C. W. Horr: I want to have all calves which have not been recorded pay this additional fee. I believe our finances require that. What eqviitable claim is there for a calf born yesterday to have cheaper registration than one born to-day ? I cannot see it. Mr. E. Huidekoper: It may not be strictly in order to say just what I want to. I desire to call your attention to this fact : If the rule has been passed as I understand it, all bull calves registered by members of the Association will pay a fee of $5 ; if over one year, a fee of $10 ; and heifers, $2, and if over one year, a double fee. Calves pay a fee of $5, and, under this rule, would pay three times as much. It seems to me that we do hot want a half dozen dilTerent rules. Why not make evei^y bull subject to the fee of $5, and, if he is over a year old, to twice that fee ? All bull calves born previous to to-day come under the rule of three times the fee. Several Members: Oh, no! no! Mr. E. Huidekoper: I think we have been wrong in having half a dozen different rules. It seems to me it is time to simplify our rules. The President: Secretary Wales will please state what the Executive Committee agreed upon. Secretary Wales: The Executive Committee yesterday after- noon occupied a long time discussing this question, and it was the unanimous oi^inion that these new fees should be established, and it was presumed that they were to g'o into effect immediately. It was simply a change in the by-laws, which must necessarily take effect from the time of the passage of the motion to increase the fees. Mr. W. W. Newman: You will notice that the fee for non-mem- bers for bulls is only a dollar more than is paid by members. I would like to have the Secretary's opinion as to the slight distinction. Should there not be a larger difference between the fees paid by members and by non-members ? Secretary Wales: The proposed registration fee for females is twice as much for non-members as for members. Bulls we let off a easily as we could, at six dollars. iSg/.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 15 Mr. Henry Stevens: I have but one calf that is not registered. We have agreed to register calves born up till now for fifty cents each. The President: I beg pardon ; I do not think we have. Mr. Henry Stevens: Our neighbors have calves which they have not registered, but which they would have registered had they known we were going to change the rules. I think it is unjust to the breeders to pass this. Secretary Wales: In reply, I would* say that the notices of the meeting, stating that the fees were liable to be changed, were sent out thirty days ago, and published in about twenty agricultural papers, including the Holstein-Friesian Begister. I think all interested knew that the fees were to be changed to-day. Mr. C. F. Sweezey: We are satisfied with the raising of the fees, but want to have it take effect after this date. I do not think it is necessary to go back and take in those born previously. I think as it has been decided it was satisfactory to those here. I move that the whole matter be laid on the table. Seconded and carried. The President: It is the vote of this meeting, as the Chair un- derstands it, that for all calves born after to-day the increased fee applies, and on all calves born prior to to-day the old fees apply. The next business in order is the consideration of special premiums for the ensuing year. It was decided, I believe, a year ago that the Executive Committee could appropriate any moneys they pleased for such purposes unless otherwise instructed by the Association. The Executive Committee, I presume, would like the Association to in- struct them as to what amount shall be appropriated, and as to what premiums shall be devoted to the World's Fair exhibit. If the Asso- ciation does not instruct the Executive Committee, they can do what- ever they please in the matter. Mr. W. W. Newman: I move that no special premiums be given this year or next year, but that the year following an exhibit shall be made at Chicago. With the intention of making a liberal appropria- tion there, let us avoid giving special premiums this year and next year. Mr. C. W. Horr: I move that the Executive Committee offer no special premiums for the next three years except for the World's Fair, and that they may offer premiums for that not to exceed $10,- 000.00. Mr. W. G. Powell: We cannot tell what may be the views of members a year from now. Mr. C. W. Horr: We will not elect anybody that we cannot trust. 16 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [Marc/t, Mr. W. G. Powell: The Board elected to-day holds office but for one year, and we are giving instructions as to what the next Board shall do the year following. Mr. C. W. Horr: We will also elect the next Board, and we can reconsider this matter. I will change my motion. I move that the Executive Committee shall offer no premiums except in connection with the World's Fair, and that they may, in their discretion, offer premiums for that exhibition not to exceed $10,000.00. Mr. Dudley Miller: Admitting that we are much poorer than we are, it seems to me that we are going out of our way. I think it is better to offer moderate premiums. Mr. A. Lamb: I think $10,000.00 is certainly the least that we should appropriate to represent this great breed of cattle at the World's Fair, if you leave the bounties the same as last year, as I be- lieve you have done. The Secretary states nearly $8,000.00 paid out last year, and if we intend to make an appropriation for the Woi"ld's Fair where is the money to come from for further premiums'? It seems to me our receipts will not be much larger the coming year. Mr. Dudley Miller: Mr. Lamb has stated that he did not see. where there would be any increase in our funds. What resolutions have we just adopted ? The President: The Executive Committee think we have pro- vided for an additional income of $5,000.00 or $6,000.00. The Com- mittee considered the matter yesterday and think there will not be so much called for as there was last year, because the bulls have been so greatly reduced in number. A Member: It would be good policy to keep a small fund in the Treasury. Secretary Wales; I did not agree with the Board in their opinion that we will not have more to pay next year for bulls slaugh- tered or castrated than we paid last year. I think we will have to pay more, and we must have a liberal amount in the Treasury. I hope it will be there next year. I think we can safely appropriate $10,000.00 for the Columbian Exposition, and believe we will have more than that amount in the treasury in September, 1893. If any gentlemen think we shall not have, I will be one of ten or fifteen to guarantee we shall have $10,000.00 in our treasury at that time. Mr. C. W. Horr: In another year we will not pay the bounties, and I think we will have the $10,000.00 in the treasury, and $10,000.00 more, besides. The President: The question recurs on Mr. Horr's motion. If any of the members think best that premiums should be offered for /Sg/.} HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 17 some other purposes, and you are willing to leave it to the Executive Committee, an amendment to Mr. Horr's motion to that effect would make it all right. Mr. Dudley INIiller: I move to amend the motion. That the whole question be left to the Executive Committee. The President: I think that is not best. I think the Association should have a voice as to the maximum amount, but I am in favor of no restriction further than that. Mr. Dudley Miller: I think om- interests would be well pro- tected in the Executive Committee's hands. Mr. C. Pratt: We have $17,000.00 in the treasury, and we have dovibled the fees on females. We found the amount in the treasury constantly increasing. It was only when we began paying bounties that it decreased at all. I have not been able to raise bulls at the prices offered for them in years past. At prices offered now I am able to raise a few. Secretary Wales: I trust the amendment offered by Mr. Miller will not prevail. I think the Association should state the sum of money it wishes its officers to expend at the World's Fair. I wish it to go out to-day to the world that we are putting up $10,000.00 for our cattle at the World's Columbian Exhibition. Mr. Dudley Miller: My amendment was that we should not be tied up so that we could offer nothing for premiums. I have no objections to offering $10,000.00 for the World's Pair, but I do not think we should close up the treasury between now and then. That is what I wish to refer to the Executive Committee. Secretary Wales: I would like the Association to state that it will give $10,000.00 for the World's Fair. If it is desired to offer pre- miums for the next two years I would be perfectly satisfied with that. Mr. Henry Stevens: I agree with Mr. Miller. I think if there is anything in the world that has brought our breed of cattle to the front it was the paying of premiums at the different fairs. I think it would be all wrong to close our treasury in that direction. I do not think we should instruct the committee to pay nothing, but I do think it right to appropriate the $10,000.00 for the World's Fair. The President: Mr. Miller's amendment covers the entire ques- tion. The motion was then put and declared carried. The President: The question now is on Mr. Horr's motion. Mr. C. W. Horr: It is $10,000.00 for the World's Fair, and $1,000.00 for other fairs, at the committee's discretion. 18 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [Marck, Mr. W. G. Powell: At this time I doubt very much if this Asso- ciation feels that it wants to instruct the Executive Committee to pay $10,000.00, even at their discretion. The President: It is only to permit them to use the $10,000.00 if they deem it wise to do so. Mr. W. G. Powell: I would like for one to see the plans for the World's Pair a little further advanced. I am very much opposed at this time to instructing the Executive Committee to expend $10,- 000.00. Secretary Wales: Last November there was held at Chicago the annual meetings of a great number of the Live Stock Associa- tions, and many of them appropriated money to advance the interests of their breeds at the Woi'ld's Fair. The Short Horn Association meeting I attended. They voted $6,000.00, and did not seem to think the World's Pair too far off. Mr. W. W. Newman: The fact that $10,000.00 has been appro- priated now will go into all the newspapers. I think it is wise to give the permit to-day, at any rate. We can modify it hereafter if it be- comes necessary or advisable. Mr. W. G. Powell: If we give that permit now, and if it is shown a year from now that the Pair will be a failure, then it will be published that this Association has backed out. Mr. C. W. Horr: I believe we have an Executive Committee that will not appropriate $10,000.00 before seeing- the rules and regulations of the World's Pair modified. I want the Executive Committee armed with something, and they have sense enough not to vote the money until the proper time. If the regulations and arrangements do not meet with their approval they will not appropriate it at all. The President: The question recurs on the original motion, offered by Mr. Horr. The question was put and declared carried. The President: What action shall we take in reference to the Holstein-Friesian Begister f The Board yesterday deemed it best to leave the matter to the new Board of Officers. A year ago this Asso- ciation paid to the Holstein-Friesian Register $2,000, subject to certain restrictions. That matter has come up again. Will you act upon it, or will you refer it to the new Board of Officers? Mr. W. W. Newman: I move it be referred to the new Board, with the same restrictions as applied last year. The President: There is a resolution already offered by Mr. Powell, to refer the subject to the new Board of Officers. Mr. W. W. Newman: Without limit? ?/.] HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 19 The President: Without instructions. Mr. C. W. Horr: I would move to amend, and that we instruct the Board to expend from $500.00 to $2,000.00, in their discretion. The amendment was accepted. ♦ The President: Tlien tlae motion is: Tliat the matter he re- ferred to the new Executive Committee, and that they expend from $500.00 to $2,000.00, in their discretion. The motion was put and carried. Mr. J, B. Butcher: I wish to have some action taken with refer- ence to the transfers. I do not believe in expending money unless something comes in from it. The transfers are now free for mem- bers. If we are going to run the World's Fair, state fairs, etc., etc., we should have some revenue accruing. I think there should be a change. I do not make a motion, but merely speak of the matter. The President: Under a call to amend any or all By-Laws gov- erning fees that question can come before this meeting. The ques- tion was before us yesterday. Mr. J. B. Dutcher: I think no definite conclusion was arrived at, and do believe there should be some revenue derived from the trans- fers. The matter should be discussed here. I would move that mem- bers be charged 50 cents and non-members $1.00 for transfers. Secretary Wales: I have been asked by a member what we re- ceived for tranfers last year. Twenty-two hundred and forty-one dol- lars ($2,241.00) were received for transfers last year. It is necessary that all transfers be made as early as possible. In order to get them made as soon as possible we have been charging* a small fee to non- members, and no fee to members. Other associations are even more liberal in order that they may get the transfers as early as possible. Mr. J. B. Dutcher: There is no association that issues certifi- cates but ours. If there is any, I do not know of it. Mr. Dudley Miller: It appears that this causes expense to the Association. Our treasury will not suffer if it is increased, and it is entirely proper when cattle are sold that a certificate should be given, and a fee of 50 cents from members and $1.00 from non-members will be a source of income. I hope the motion will prevail. The President: The argument why there should be no increase is because prompt reports are necessary. If charges are made the members may be dilatory, and that is confusing to the Secretary. The question is before the Association, Mr. Dutcher's motion having been seconded. 20 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE ^March, Mr. Don J. Wood: It seems to me that we have made sufficient arrangements for increasing the revenue, and think we can well afford to keep the transfer fees as they now are. If the present plan in- creases the facilities of the Secretary's office, it will he hetter to leave it as it now is. Mr. W. Brown Smith: Who is to pay the transfer fee, the pur- chaser or the seller? Secretary Wales: That is a matter of agreement between the seller and buyer. It is usual for the seller to deliver to the buyer an application for a transfer. If a non-member the fee comes to me. Mr. Edgar Huidekoper: The Secretary received last year over $2,200.00 for transfers. That would about pay for two clerks, and there are other expenses — paper, postage, etc. That covers about the expense of the transferring. If you put the fee at 50 cents and $1.00, and a member sells an animal to a non-member, that $1.00 in- creases the cost of his animal. He takes his application for transfer home, puts it into a pigeon hole, and it lies there some years, and after a time he wants some calves registered. It seems to me it would give the Secretary much more trouble to get the papers all in shape under the proposed fee than to leave the matter as it now stands, at a price that would induce purchasers and sellers to send in transfers promptly. Mr. J. B. Dutcher: I will withdraw my motion. Mr. S. N. Wright: I move we take a recess until 2:30 o'clock. Cari'ied. AFTERNOON SESSION. The President: The hour to which we adjourned having ar- rived, the Association will come to order. Mr. S. N. Wright, of Elgin, 111., is here, and desires to address you. Mr. Wright's request being granted, he arose and stated that his words would be few. He was aware of the difficulties that he labored under as a representative of the Columbian Dairy Association. All that he asked from the Holstein-Friesian Association was that the Association would place itself on record as in favor of a dairy show at Chicago for six months. , There was presented the opportunity to exhibit before the world the greatest breed of dairy cattle under an actual test of six months duration. I ask but a simple recom- mendation by resolution, or otherwise, from this greatest Association of breeders. This or that firm was not asked to come. iSgi.'] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 21 The foundations were laid, the ground for buildings staked out, and the amount to erect the buildings already appropriated. There was no doubt but that this would be the greatest exhibition of dairy- cattle ever seen. Mr. Wright, after speaking at some length, asked that the min- utes of the Columbian Dairy Association be read. His desii'e was that the Holstein-Friesian Association would put fifty working cows on exhibition, or fill one of the barns. Mr. Goodwin, of Chicago, read the minutes of the proceedings of the Columbian Dairy Association, and a statement as to its purposes. Mr. S. N. Wright: I would suggest that a committee be ap- pointed to take action on this subject. The President: Would it not be satisfactory to you to have the matter referred to the Executive Committee? Mr. S. N. Wright: I think that would be perfectly satisfactory. On motion, the matter was so referred. ELECTION OP OFFICERS. The next business in order was the election of officers. Mr. E. L. Yeomans: Where but one candidate is named I would move that the Secretary be instructed to cast the ballot of the Asso- ciation for such candidate. The motion was seconded and carried. Mr. E. A. Powell: We have been in the habit of making changes in the officers of this Association, and I presume that it is generally expected that changes will be made each year. We have with us a gentleman who has taken a vei-y great interest in this Asso- ciation, and in this breed of cattle; a gentleman who has recently done for the breed what no other party was ever able to do; a gentle- man who has made some records that have added greatly to the repu- tation of the breed in this country and all over the world. That man is Mr. J. B. Dutcher, and I nominate him for President of this Asso- ciation. There being no other nominations, the Secretai'y cast the vote of the Association for Mr. J. B. Dutcher, of Pawling, New York, for President. For the office of First Vice-President Mr. George D. Wheeler, of Deposit, N. Y., was named. There being no other nominations, the Secretary cast the vote of the Association for Mr. George D. Wheeler for First Vice-President. 22 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE \^March, For the office of Second Vice-President, Mr. W. M. Liggett, of Benson, Minnesota, was named. There being no other nominations, the Secretai^y cast the vote of the Association for Mr. W. M. Liggett for Second Vice-President. Mr. -John A. Frye, of Boston, Massachusetts, was named for the office of Third Vice-President. There being no other nominations, the Secretary cast tlie ballot of the Association for Mr. -John A. Frye for Third Vice-President. Mr. Martin L. Sweet, of Grand Rapids, Mich., was named for the office of Fourth Vice-President. There being no other nominations, the Secretary cast the ballot of the Association for Mr. Martin L. Sweet for Fourth Vice-President. Mr. W. G. Powell: The election of a Secretary comes next. We all heard what the President said in reference to the office of the Sec- retary. I can endorse all he said from personal observation. My firm register animals in no less than a dozen herd-books. In no one of them have we had such general and universal satisfaction as in Mr. Wales'. I know I but reflect the feelings of every one present when I now nominate Mr. Thos. B. Wales, of Iowa City, Iowa, for re-election as Secretary. There being no other nominations, the President cast the ballot of the Association for Mr. Thos. B. Wales for Secretary. The next business in order was the election of Directors. Mr. C. W. Horr, of Wellington, Ohio, was nominated. There be- ing no other nominations, the Seci^etary cast the vote of the Associa- tion for Mr. C. W. Horr for director. Mr. D. H. Burrell, of Little Falls, N. Y., was nominated. There being no other nominations, the Secretary cast the ballot of the Asso- ciation for Mr. D. H. Burrell for Director. Mr. C. R. Payne, of Hamilton, N. Y., was nominated. There be- ing no other nominations, the Secretary cast the ballot of the Asso- ciation for Mr. C. R. Payne for Director. Mr. W. Brown Smith, of Syracuse, N. Y., was nominated for Treasurer. There being no other nominations, the Secretary cast the ballot of the Association for Mr. W. Brown Smith for Treasurer. Mr. C. F. Sweezey: It gives me great pleasure to move the nomination of S. Hoxie, of Yorkville, N. Y., for Supei'intendent of Advanced Registration. There being no other nominations, the Secretary cast the ballot of the Association for Mr. S. Hoxie for Superintendent of Advanced Registration. /Sg/.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 23 Ex-President Burrell: The hour has arrived when it is my pleasure to give way to the gentleman who succeeds me. I wish that he may live long and prosper, and I hope you will all join me in that sentiment. (Applause.) Upon taking the chair, President Butcher said: I consented with a great deal of reluctance to accept this position. I had no business to accept it. I am not in the habit of taking a posi- tion that I do not think I can fill with credit to myself and the Asso- ciation I represent. I am afraid that I shall fail in this respect. However, with great reluctance I have accepted, "and I shall claim j'our indulgence during my administration of this office, and I shall rely chiefly on my friend Mr. Wales, whom I may differ from occa- sionally, but when I do I shall express myself fully, frankly, and without fear. I will not detain you longer on this occasion. Some time in the future I may address you at length regarding the Holstein-Friesian Association. Gentlemen, what is your further pleasure ? Mr. C. W. Horr: I move that when this Association do adjourn it be to meet in the city of New York, at such a place as the President may recommend. Mr. W. G. Powell moved to amend by substituting Syracuse, N. Y., in place of New York City. After considerable discussion as to the place for holding the next annual meeting, the President said: " I shall have to decide that the proxies can be voted on this question." Mr. E. A. Powell: Then we can expedite this matter, for it all hinges on one man. We may as well ask Secretary Wales how he will vote. His decision will settle the matter. Secretary Wales: This places me in a very uncomfortable position indeed. Almost all my proxies come from people living west of New York State ; from people who think we should be allowed to hold our meeting's in the West occasionally, and that the charter should be changed in order that we might meet ovitside this State. I scarcely know how to vote my proxies. Personally, I would as soon come hei*e as go to New York ; but three-quarters of the people who have sent their proxies to me would prefer to go to New York City. They can go there as cheaply as they can come here, and there are more attractions there. Under all the circumstances, I feel it my duty to vote my pi-oxies for New York City. It was moved, seconded, and carried that the next annual meeting of the Association should be held in New York City. Secretary Wales read a letter from a member of the Association, Mr. I. C. Wade, of Jamestown, N. D. 24 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, On motion, the letter was accepted and ordered placed on file. Mr. W. W. Newman: Would it be the proper time to take into consideration that part of the Constitution fixing this State as the place for holding- the annual meetings ? The President: I think it may be discussed at any meeting. Mr. W. W. Newman: I move that it is our request that the offi- cers try to have the charter changed so that the meetings may be held in any other State. The President: I may be wrong in regard to my information and conclusions, but under the Constitution, this Association being chartered by the State of New York, the annual meetings must be held in this State. A Member: What is the date of the annual meeting ? Secretary Wales: The third Wednesday in March. On motion of C. W. Horr, the Association then adjourned. Board of Officers Meeting. At Syracuse, N. Y., March 17th, 1891. Pursuant to call, the Board of Officers of the Holstein-Friesian Association met at the Vanderbilt house, Syracuse, N. Y., at 2 o'clock p. M., March 17th, 1891. There were present the following members: President D. H. Bur- rell, G. D. Wheeler, W. M. Liggett, J. B. Butcher, W. Brown Smith, C. W. Horr, C. R. Payne, M. L. Sweet, W. G. Powell, L. T. Yeomans, and Thomas B. Wales. The following gentlemen were unanimously voted members of the Association : Louis R. Ehrich, ■. . . Colorado Springs, Colorado. Frank White, Colorado Springs, Colorado. C. S. JOBES, Attica, Kansas. J. H. Packard, New Windsor, Colorado. It was unanimously voted that the salaries of the Secretary, Treas- urer, and Superintendent of Advanced Registry be the same as for the past year. A letter of thanks for herd-books, from Col. W. M. Liggett, Secre- tary of the Minnesota State Board of Agriculture, was read, accepted, and ordered to be placed on file. The meeting then adjourned. Thomas B. Wal.es, Secretary. lEETING OF THE BOARD OF OFFICERS IjoLSTEIN-pRIESmN ^SSOCmilON CDF .fiLl«IE:E2.IC:.fis., Held at the Vanderbilt House, Syracuse, N. Y., March 18, 1891. The meeting- was called to order by President J. B. Dutcher at 3:30 P. M. Present: J. B. Dutcher, D. H. Bunnell, G. D. Wheeler, W. M. Liggett, W. Brown Smith, C. W. Horr, C. R. Payne, Martin L. Sweet, W. G. Powell, L. T. Yeomans, S. Hoxie, and Thomas B. Wales. Secretary Wales: Mr. President, I have an application for the change of name of an animal whose pedigree is already printed. I have always been opposed to the changing of names of animals after the pedigrees have been printed. Mr. C. W. Horr: I move we authorize the Secretary in this or any other case, if the reg'ular registry fees are paid, to change the name and give the animal a new number. I would also suggest that, if a new by-law is necessai-y, the Secretary shall give the required notice before the next annual meeting. Carried. Secretary Wales: Mr. President, the Missouri State Board of Agriculture ask for a set of our herd-books. The request was granted. Secretary Wales: The Agricultural Experiment Station of Indiana request a set of herd-books. Nearly all the States now have experiment stations. The request was granted. Secretary Wales: There are also requests from the Detroit International Fair and Exhibition, from the South Dakota State Fair, and from the Elmira, N. Y., Inter-State Fair, for special premiums. 28 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [Marc/l, The President: Those applications will be laid aside for the present. Secretary Wales: I ask to be instructed as to whether, after having- received an application for the transfer of an animal, and the same was countermanded before the certificate of transfer was issued, the first or the second order shall be recognized and followed. Mr. W. Brown Smith: I move the Secretary consult a good attorney on the subject. The motion was seconded by Mr. C. W. Horr, and was carried. . Secretary Wales asked for a list of names of gentlemen to act as judges of cattle at exhibitions. The following list of names was agreed upon: Chapman, O. P., Wellington, Ohio. BURCHARD, S., Hamilton, New York. Wright, S. N., Elgin, Illinois. Poor, J. C, North Andover, Massachusetts. Smith, Carey R., Santa Ana, California. Daggett, H. B., Dallas, Texas. Beuchler, J. R., Leesburg, Virginia. Stone, J. L., Waverly, Pennsylvania. Sturtevant, a. R., Springboro, Pennsylvania. Bradley, A., Lee, Massachusetts. Johnson, Prof. Samuel, .... FiGUERS, T. N., Springhill, Tennessee. Miller, G. S., Peterboro, New York. Warner, S. K., Wellington, Ohio. Langworthy, H., West Edmeston, New York. Phillips, Bruce, Utica, Michigan. Payne, L. T., Garrettsville, Ohio. BURCH, Robert, West Schuyler, New York. Eagan, James, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Payne, C. R., Hamilton, New York. Haviland, R. T., Perry, E. S., Eaton, Archibald, Tanner, W. R., Moorehead, Minnesota. Warner, H. O., New Milford, Connecticut. Hinckley, D. J., Brookfield, New York. Mr. Henry Stevens was heard regarding the payment of a special premium. On motion of Mr. S. Hoxie, it was ordered that Mr. Henry Stevens be paid $50.00. /Sp/.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 29 The question of insurance on the Association's property was dis- cussed, and upon motion of Mr. "W. Brown Smith, the Secretary was authorized to exercise his own discretion in regard to the insurance. Mr. L. T. Yeomans: Now in regard to transfers. Secretary Wales: I think we are publishing transfers unnec- essarily. Mr. W. M. Liggett: I move that the transfers be omitted from the herd-book. Carried. Secretary Wales was instructed to give notice, before the holding of the next annual meeting, that it would be proposed to change the by-laws so as to shorten the description of animals in printing the pedigrees in the herd-book. The present Insi^ectors of Advanced Registry were re-elected for the ensuing year, with the exception of Mr. Rowley, and Prof. S. Johnson was elected in his place. Superintendent S. Hoxie was authorized to appoint such other In- spectors as he found to be necessary. The following named gentlemen were elected Inspectors of Im- ported Cattle: Mr. O. P. Chapman, Wellington, Ohio. Mr. S. BURCHARD, Hamilton, New York. Mr. S. N. Wright, South Elgin, Illinois. Mr. J. C. Poor, North Andover, Massachusetts. Mr. Carey R. Smith, Santa Ana, California. The question of an appropriation for the World's Fair Dairy Exhi- bition, to be held at Chicago, was discussed at considerable length. The result was a committee of five, consisting of the President, the Secretary, and Messrs. E. A. Powell, C. W. Horr, and D. H. Burrell, was appointed to visit Chicag'o and confer with the authorities who have in charge the arrangements for the Dairy and Live Stock Exhi- bition of the World's Fair, and to report to the Board. Mr. W. G. Powell: I move, Mr. Chairman, that the next annual meeting of the Board of Officers be held at 2 o'clock, p. M., in New York City, on the day before the annual meeting of the Association. Carried. Mr. W. G. Powell: I move that one thousand copies of the pro- ceedings of the Association be printed. Carried. On motion the Board adjourned. Thomas B. Wales, Secretary. FE-OCEHIDINGS Seventh Annual Meeting HoLSTEIN-FrIESIHN ASSOCIIITION OF AMERICA, New York City, March i6th, 1892. I. iV ALSO ^. 0: Reports of Meetings of the Board of Officers Held Since the Sixth ■ Annual Meeting. t Davenport, Iowa. Egbert, Fidlar, & Chambers, Printers. 1892. OiririOEE2.S OH' T33:E H0L8TEIN-FR1E8IAN ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, I*-OP2. 10Q2-Q3. President, C. W. HORR, Wellington, Ohio. First Vice-President, G. D. WHEELER, Deposit, N. Y. /Second Vice-President, W. M. LIGGETT, St. Paul, Minn. Third Vice-President, D. F. WILBUR, Oneonta, N. Y. Fourth Vice-President, M. L. SWEET, Grand Rapids, Mich. Directors for One Year. D. H. BURRELL, Little Falls, N. Y. C. R. PAYNE, Hamilton, N. Y. J. B. DUTCHER, Pawling, N. Y. Directors for Two Years. W. G. POWELL, Shadeland^ Penn. L. T. YEOMANS, Walworth, N. Y. • EDGAR HUIDEKOPER, Meadville, Penn. Secretain/ and Editor. THOS. B. WALES, Boston, Mass. Superintendent of Advanced Registry. S. HOXIE, Yorkville, N. Y. Inspectors of Imported Cattle. O. P. CHAPMAN, Wellington, Ohio. S. BURCHARD, Hamilton, N. Y. S. N. WRIGHT, Elgin, 111. J. C. POOR, North Andover, Mass. CAREY R. SMITH, Santa Ana, Cal. Inspectors of Advanced Registry. S. HOXIE (Supt.), Yorkville, N. Y. O. P. CHAPMAN, Wellington, Ohio. S. BURCHARD, Hamilton, N. Y. S. N. WRIGHT, Elgin, 111. J. C. POOR, North Andover, Mass. CAREY R. SMITH, Santa Ana, Cal. H. B. DAGGETT, Dallas, Texas. J. R. BEUCHLER, Leesburg, Va. J. L. STONE, Waverly, Penn. . A. R. STURTEVANT, Springboro, Pa. A. BRADLEY, Lee, Mass. H. D. WARNER, Pawling, N. Y. W. M. LIGGETT, St. Paul, Minn. T. N. FIGUERS, Spring Hill, Tenn. PROP. S. JOHNSON, Madison, Wis. C. F. HUNT, Denver, Col. PROF. G. W. CURTIS, College Station, Texas. SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE Holstein - Friesian Association OF AMERICA, Held at the Murray Hill Hotel, New York City, March i6th, i8g2. Owing to the absence of President J. B. Dutcher, the meeting was called to order by First Vice-President George D. Wheeler, who took the chair and presided over the deliberations. The Chairman: Gentlemen, I know we all regret that our President is absent to-day, and I am sure no one regrets it as much as I do, for it seems to be necessary for me to preside at this meeting, and I want to say now, at the out- set, that I shall have to claim your indulgence in at least one thing — possibly in more — but I will ask for this one : It has always been an inconvenience to me, and an embarrassment, that I cannot recollect names when I meet people. I know a great many of the members of this Association personally, and yet there are very few that I can readily call by name, and some of you with whom I am acquainted may think it strange, if, when you offer any remarks, I do not recognize you by name. So if you will please excuse me for any delinquency in this respect, I shall be thankful. I have seen others who were troubled in this way, and I have observed that as our whiskers become more whitened that the difficulty increases, and such gentlemen I know will sympathize with me. We are now ready to enter upon the business of the meeting, and, as I understand it, we may have some questions which will give rise to considerable discussion that will occupy a great deal of time ; I hope the gentlemen will make their remarks as brief as possible and their arguments as strong as they please, but let us get through with the business before us. The first business in order is the calling of the roll. The Secretary then called the roll. Forty-seven answered present, and two hundred and nineteen were represented by proxies. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [Murch, The Chairman : I suppose the next thing in order is to appoint a Com- mittee on Proxies. I will appoint as such committee Mr. J. M. Ham and Mr. Isaac Damon. They will please collect the proxies, and report upon them as soon as possible. The reading of the minutes of the last meeting is next in order. Mr. Edgar Huidekoper : Mr. Chairman, the minutes of the last meet- ing have been published, and I suppose all members have read them, and I therefore move that the reading of the minutes be dispensed with. The motion was seconded and carried. The Chairman : The report of the Secretary comes next. The Secretary : Mr. President and Gentlemen, I beg to submit the following report : SECRETARY'S REPORT. Mr. President and Members of the Holstein-Friesian Association of America : I beg to submit the following report of the business transacted at the office of this Association during the year ending March 1st, 1892. The receipts and disbursements are as follows : receipts. For membership $ 200 GO For herd-books 194 79 For experimental station 285 58 For bull registry for members ^ 3,331 GO For bull registry for non-members 6,746 00 For cow registry for members ,.. 1,239 00 For cow registry for non-members 4,505 00 For bull transfers for members 39 00 For bull transfers for non-members 486 50 For cow transfers for members 163 5G For cow transfers for non-members 1,447 50 For duplicate certificates 66 50 For extended pedigrees 16 00 Received of W. Brown Smith, Treasurer 1,000 GO Total S 19,720 37 DISBURSEMENTS. Bounty on account males slaughtered 16,595 00 Bounty on account males castrated 2,775 00 — 89,370 00 Board of Officers' account 675 84 Expense account, first quarter 374 60 Expense account, second quarter 215 38 Expense account, third quarter 651 42 Expense account, fourth quarter 846 37 — 1,887 77 Printing account 563 70 Clerk hire 3,399 00 Stamp account 351 88 Special premium account 50 00 iSgS.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. Balance personal accounts 51 19 Remitted W. Brown Smith, Treasurer 3,370 99 Total- $19,720 37 There have been registered during the year 6,221 animals — 1,759 bulls and 4,462 cows. The ownership of 5,586 animals has been transferred on the records — 1,214 bulls and 4,372 cows. One hundred and thirty -three duplicate certifi- cates have been furnished, making a total of 11,940 certificates issued. One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four applications for bounty have been received and recorded. By comparison with the figures of last year, it is found that we have recorded 438 less bulls and 634 less cows, and have paid 308 more bounties. Volumes VIII. and IX. of the Herd-Book have been issued during the year, and Volume X. is very nearly ready for the printers. As I predicted a year ago, we have been called upon to pay more money for bounties than during the previous year, the excess being $1,540. Since March 1st last, up to yesterday, there have been received 224 applications for bounty. The whole amount we have paid for slaughtered and castrated bulls since the plan was introduced, and up to March 1st, 1892, is $20,180 ; add to this the $1,120 now called for, and we have a total of $21,250 — a goodly sum, but I believe the money has been well invested ; that the killing of these bulls will have its influence on the character of the breed, and it certainly has been a help to our breeders while our Association has not suffered, except in its reduced surplus. I believe, how- ever, that it will be wise to discontinue for a time further payments of this kind, at least until our surplus is somewhat increased. It seems to me, how- ever, there need be no fear that our income will not meet all necessary expendi- tures if we discontinue the payment of bounties. I find that it has been intimated to you, through circular-letters of recent date, that we have been too lavish in our expenditures. To this intimation I wish to reply, as the chief disbursing officer of the Association, that the cost of running our business, outside of the large sums that have been paid for bounties, is very much less, taking into account the number of pedigrees printed and the elaborate certifi- cates issued, than that of many other herd and stud-book associations. I assure you that I use the same care in the management of our office and the expendi- tures connected therewith as if the business was entirely my own. It would be impossible for me to do otherwise. Our membership has been increased during the past year by the admission of Messrs. D. P. Wilbur, of Oneonta, N. Y., and W. W. Cooley, of Gypsum, Col., and I have to report the death of two members, Charles Houghton, of Boston, and G. V. DeGraaf, of Pittsford, Vt. Mr. Houghton was one of the original ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [Miirch, members of the old Holstein Association, and its first Secretary. We all learned of his death with deep regret. Mr. Houghton was a man of character and accomplishments, and possessed a genial disposition. He was a warm friend, and was loved and respected by all who knew him. He was always a great lover of live stock and was a believer in the dutch race of cattle. I well remem- ber, years ago, when occasional importations were made from Holland, many pleasant trips made together for the purpose of inspecting cattle proposed for registry in our Herd-Book ; that was before the time when inspectors were paid for doing such business. In the death of Mr. Houghton, the breeders of our cattle have lost a true friend. In October last the office of the Association was, as you know, removed to Boston, Mass. This was done by authority of the Board of Officers, at the request of the Secretary, who takes this opportunity of thanking them for the privilege accorded him ; and I would further say that in my opinion the interests of the Association have been served by the change, inasmuch as our records are now in a building as nearly fire-proof as it is possible to construct, whereas before such was not the case. I have heard no complaint at the removal from our western members, as there was none from the eastern members when in 1881 the office went from Massachusetts to Iowa. The absolute freedom from sectional jealously in our Association is certainly a matter for congratulation, and I trust and believe that every member here to-day will, in furtherance of this feeling, cordially vote with our brother mem- bers of the central and western states in the matter of obtaining, by special act from the Legislature of the State of New York, permission to hold an occasional meeting outside of that state, else obtain a new charter from some state that will accord us such privilege. During the year matters of importance to the Association, especially that relating to the part we shall take in the World's Columbian Exposition, have required the careful attention of your Board of Officers, and it would seem unnecessary for me to state that the members of the Board have given your interests many days of valuable time, of course free of charge, and have traveled long distances in attending the necessary meetings, and have displayed the most hearty interest in the affairs of the Association, had not a member of the Association through circular letters and the public press stated that in his opinion the Board was apathetic, without energy, and generally worthless. I claim, from personal knowledge, that the reverse is the case, and that your oflacers are active, energetic, and true. It is not surprising that Mr. Houghton's tirade has fallen flat, and that the members of the Association have not taken his bait, but still have confidence in long-tried friends. 1892.} HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 7 As I stated last year, I am averse to extravagant registration fees. I think the work of recording and transferring cattle should be done at the least possible price, particularly as regards transfers of ownership. I see no reason why our members should be made to pay for the transfer on our records of any animal he has sold or purchased, provided such transfer is made within a reasonable time. I trust, therefore, that those present will cast their votes against inflicting upon themselves a transfer fee which is unnecessary. I am not in favor of changing the form of our Herd-Book. From what I have learned since the plan of omitting the description of the markings of animals, I have been led to believe that a change would not be pleasing to many of our breeders. The saving of expense in writing copy and printing was the principal reason given for the change. I am not opposed to an addition to our by-laws requiring the appointment each year of a committee of three to audit the accounts of the Treasurer, Secre- tary, and the Superintendent of the Advanced Registry. I think such a committee has been appointed each year by the President since our organization, and probably would be in the future if no such requirement was made. I wish to state at this time, to our members as well as to the breeders of our cattle, that I am in favor of our Association doing everything in its power to secure for the, World's Columbian Exposition the very finest possible showing of Holstein-Friesian cattle, both in the live stock and in the dairy departments, provided, always, that the rules to govern the dairy tests are as fair for our breed as for others. Respectfully submitted, Thomas B. Wales, Secretmy. The Chairman : Gentlemen, what will you do with this report ? Mr. J. N. Comer : I move that the report be accepted and placed on file. The motion was seconded and carried. The Chairman : The next business in order is the reading of the Treas- urer's report. TREASURER'S REPORT. Mr. President and Gentlemen of the Holstein-Friesian Association of America : I herewith present the following report of the receipts and expenditures of the Association for the fiscal year ending with the date of this meeting : ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, RECEIPTS. 1891. March 17. Balance on hand as per last report $17,837 01 June 5. Draft from T. E. Wales, Secretary, as per quarterly report 81,320 03 July 9. Interest six months, to July 1, 1891, Syracuse Savings Bank 60 00 July 9. Interest six months, to July 1, 1891, Onondago Co. Savings Bank 60 00 July 9. Interest six months, to July 1, 1891, Salt Springs National Bank 220 45 Sept. 5. Draft from T. B. Wales, Secretary, as per quarterly report 94131 1892. Jan. 1. Interest six months, to Jan. 1, 1892, Syracuse Savings Bank 60 00 Jan. 1. Interest six months, to Jan. 1, 1892, Onondago Co. Savings Bank 60 00 Jan. 1. Interest six months, to Jan. 1, 1892, Salt Springs National Bank 205 14 March 9. Check from T. B. Wales, Secretary, as per quarterly report 1,109 65 Total receipts for fiscal year S 4,036 58 821,873 62 EXPENDITURES. 1391. April 8. S. Burchard, account of Advanced Registry 8 48 00 April 30. Egbert, Fidlar, & Chambers, Herd-Book 1,432 80 May 12. Carey R. Smith, account of Advanced Registry 48 00 May 15. P. L. Houghton, salary tvi^o months 100 00 June 29. F. L. Houghton, salary one month 50 00 July 16. F. L. Houghton, salary one month 50 00 Aug. 19. F. I^. Houghton, salary one month.. 50 00 Sept. 5. Thos. B. Wales, salary six months 1,250 00 Sept. 22. F. L. Houghton, salary one month 50 00 Oct. 20. S. Hoxie, salary six months, 500 00 Nov. 12. S. Burchard, account Advanced Registry 76 00 Nov. 12. F. L. Houghton, salary two months 100 00 Nov. 25. Egbert, Fidlar, & Chambers, Herd-Book 1,480 00 Dec. 16. F. L. Houghton, salary one month 50 00 1892. Jan. 5. T. B. Wales, Secretary 1,000 00 Jan. 18. F. L. Houghton, salary one month 50 00 Feb. 29. F. L. Houghton, salary one month.. 50 00 March 9. T. B. Wales, salary six months 1,250 00 March 9. S. Hoxie, salary six months 500 00 March 9. Wm. Brown Smith, salary twelve months 250 00 $8, 384 80 Balance on hand $13,488 82 Deposited as follows : In Salt Springs National Bank $7,488 82 In Syracuse Savings Bank 3,000 00 In Onondago Co. Savings Bank 3,000 00 813,488 82 Respectfully submitted, W. Brown Smith, Treasurer. Mi\ Edgar Huddekoper : I move that the report pe accepted and placed on file, and incorporated, together with the auditors' report, in the report of the Secretary. I suppose the auditors should be appointed to attend to it. The Secretary : There is an Auditing Committee who have examined these accounts, and they will report later. Mr. W. G. Powell : I second the motion. l8p2.'] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. The Chairman : Gentlemen, you have heard the report read, and you have heard the motion. Those in favor of the motion will say aye. Carried. The Chairman : We will now listen to the report of the Superintendent of Advanced Registry. REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OP ADVANCED REGISTRY. To the President and Members of the Holstein-Friesian Association of America : During- the official year commencing with the date of the last annual meeting 120 enti'ies have been made in Advanced Registry, as follows, viz : Eighty- eight cows to full or first entry, 29 records of cows previously entered, and 3 bulls. Volume IV. has been published — 700 copies — of which 352 have been dis- tributed to members of the Association. A pamphlet of butter records has also been published, and 500 copies finished for distribution. These are nearly all gone. Fifteen hundred copies were left unfinished for the purpose of adding other records as they might be received. The manuscript was completed and sent to the publishers September 1st. Since that time there have been received a number of superior records. Probably another 500 copies with these records added could be put up and distributed with profit to the Association during the coming year. The total cash receipts from all sources have been $326.45 ; the total expenditures $607.95. At the last annual meeting the rejaort showed the sum of $167 due for registry fees. Of this amount $130 has been collected, and is included in the cash receipts. There are now in my hands 267 copies of Volume I. Advanced Register, 274 copies of Volume II., 104 copies of Volume III., and 348 copies of Volume IV. At the meeting of the Board of Officers held yesterday, March 15th, 1892, the rules of registry were amended to provide that cows may be entered on records of pure butter fat. I believe that this will greatly lessen the labor and expense of making records and largely increase the number of entries in future volumes. Every entry adds to the reputation of the breed. Its reputation in this country was originally founded on records, and it can be maintained and advanced only as the making of records is kept up. To command public confi- dence they must be made under a uniform set of rules and surrounded by adequate safeguards. I am happy to report that there is a growing interest in systems of registry similar to this. The Ayrshire and Devon Associations of this country have adopted rules based on the same principles. There has also 10 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE \^March, been formed in Great Britain, during the past year, an association of breeders of dairy cattle with a system of registry based on records. As with all move- ments applying new principles to a given object, such systems of registry must progress slowly at first, but the future looks promising. Mr. Dudley Miller : I move that the report be accepted and placed on file. Mr. F. C. Stevens : I would like to ask for information. The gentleman reports expenses about $600. Does that include all the expenses in the running of the Advanced Registry '? Mr. HoxiE : Yes, sir. Mr. Stevens : Including the Superintendent's salary V Mr. HoxiE : No, sir. Mr. Stevens : Or the fee of inspection V Mr. HoxiE : No, sir. Mr. Stevens. Then I move that the report be so amended as to show the exact expenditures for the running of that department, and also the receipts. I offer this as an amendment to the motion now before us. The report last year showed that the running expenses of the Advanced Registry co?t in the neighborhood of $3,000 over and above the receipts ; whereas, on the face of it, to the average public, it did not make that representation ; it required some time to dissect it and find that out. Consequently I think it is no more than right that every member of the Association should know exactly the expenditures and the receipts for this purpose. Mr. HUEDEKOPER : I second that amendment. Mr. E. A. Powell : I think the suggestion made by Mr. Stevens is a good one, and I think that is a plan which it would be well to carry out with respect to all of our departments ; and therefore I move an amendment to the amendment, that the same rule apply to the reports of all departments of our Association. Mr, Stevens : With the consent of my second, I accept the gentleman's amendment. The Chairman : Then the question is on the amendment of Mr. Stevens, he having accepted the suggestion made by Mr. Powell. Those in favor of the amendment will vote aye. Carried. /8p2.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 11 Mr. J. N. Comer : Mr. Chairman, I rise to a point of order, that the reports which are already in and which have been accepted by this meeting cannot be affected by this vote. The Chairman : As the Chair understands the matter, the motion to accept this report was not put, and while it was pending Mr. Stevens made an amendment, which has now been carried. The question would be now on the original motion. Mr. Comer : But my point is as to the departments whose reports have already been received and passed upon — that we cannot go back and affect them. The Chairman : Oh, certainly not. Mr. Comer : Those that have been passed upon and ordered placed on file cannot be affected. The Chairman : Certainly not. Mr. Stevens : Of course this amendment only applies to the future. It is not retrospective. The Chairman : As the Chair understands it, this motion is to affect all reports that may be hereafter presented. Mr. E. A. Powell : Yes, sir ; that was the object of it, as I understood it. Mr. HoxiE : It seems to me, gentlemen, that you should treat all your officers alike ; that you should not even require me to go back and correct my report unless you apply the same rule to your other officers. This has been the usual and ordinary way of reporting, and I supposed it was all that was required. It seems to me that it is only fair to treat all your officers alike. Mr. E. A. Powell : That was the design of the amendment ; and, as all reports have been put in, it could not affect them now. Mr, HoxiE : In the future, whoever has charge of the Advanced Registry will report accordingly, of course. I simply appeal in the true spirit of Ameri- can fairness, that you deal alike with all your officers. Mr. C. E. RUMSEY : I think the gentleman's point is well taken. Rather than quarrel over points of order, however, we can sometimes jump them ; and I move that in making the report of this meeting our Secretary be instructed to print the reports as they have always been printed, and that he also be instructed to tabulate them in the form desired by Mr. Stevens and Mr. Powell. Every American likes not only fair play, but he likes to know where his money goes. 12 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [Mdrch, Mr. Stevens : I take exception, Mr. Chairman, to the raising of the point of order now. That motion has already been passed. I call for a com- plete statement of that branch of the affairs of this Association. My amend- ment was not offered with the idea of treating Mr. Hoxie any different from any other officer. We all want fair play, and that is just the point I raise. As a gentleman here remarked, we want not only fair play, but we want to know where our money goes. We do want to know where it goes, and for what purpose it is expended. I insist upon the motion as carried. Mr. W. J. Smith : I would second Mr. Rumsey's motion. The other motion is already carried, as I understand it. The Chairman : Gentlemen, those in favor of Mr. Rumsey's motion will say aye. Carried. The Chairman : The next business in order is the report of the Auditing Committee. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, I am directed by the Auditing Committee to report as follows : Your committee, which was appointed to audit the accounts of the Secre- tary, Treasurer, and Superintendent of Advanced Registry, respectfully report that they have carefully gone through the respective accounts, and find them all correct so far as vouchers are furnished, as they are for all expenditures. As no voucher can be furnished by the Superintendent of Advanced Registry or by the Secretary for amounts received by them, it is not possible for your committee to verify those accounts for the amounts received. Such would only be possible by an accountant who had access to all of the books of those officers. Your committee would recommend a reduction in the expenses of the office of the Secretary ,_ as well as in all other expenses of the Association. This report is signed : " C. R. Payne, L. T. Yeomans, and W. G. Powell." Mr. Dudley Miller : I move that the report be accepted and adopted. Motion seconded and carried. Mr. E. A. Powell : Have we finished with all reports V The Chairman : Yes, sir ; with the exception of the report of the com- mittee respecting the dairy exhibit at Chicago. /(Sp^.] HOLSTKIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 13 Mr. E. A. Powell : That probably had better be taken up later ; and, if I am in order, I have something to say. The Chairman : We will hear you. Mr. E. A. Powell : I rise to state that we have present with us a very distinguished and well known citizen of the United States, whom I think we would all be glad to hear from — a gentleman who has given much attention to the agricultural interests of our country ; who has always been active in every movement for the improvement of live stock — the distinguished brother of one of our most energetic members, Ex-Congressman Horr, of Michigan, now a resident of New York. I move you, sir, that he be invited to occupy a few moments in addressing us. (Applause.) The Chairman : Gentlemen, you have heard the motion. Those in favor of inviting Congressman Horr to favor us with an address, will say aye. Carried. A Member : Is this the twin brother ? Mr. C. W. Horr : He is six years older than I am. Mr. C. E. RUMSEY : This one is in the Advanced Registry. (Laughter.) The Chairman : Mr, Horr, we cordially invite you to say a few words to us. Hon. Roswell G. Horr : I hardy know why I should be called upon to talk to an Association upon a subject about which I cannot say that I know nothing — because a man could not have lived in the vicinity of your member of the same name as myself without hearing about Holsteins. (Laughter. ) You know, I remember him when the fever first struck him. I have watched the growth of his herd, and have seen a good many all over the United States. Of course it would not be expected of me to go into a description of the marvellous advantages of the Holstein animal over every other animal on the face of the earth. I dropped into the State Dairy Association in Madison, not very long ago, and to my surprise I listened to a report of a very distinguished man in that state, and he read a lengthy article showing that he was advocating the benefits of a class of cattle that surpassed anything on the face of the earth, and I was compelled to tell the Association that I had been living in ignorance all my life, for up to that date I had never heard of those cattle ; and that is not all, I don't even now remember what they were. (Laughter.) So that you see people are often apt to run in ruts in this world. I don't suppose that 14 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [Marc/t, is the case with the people who advocate the Holstein-Friesian cattle, but other men do get into sorts of ruts in reference to cattle. I do not know just how far-reaching this question of the breeding of stock is. I have never seen a report as to any of the cattle of the United States that was entirely satisfac- tory to me. I met my friend Wilbur sometime ago, and he gave me the record of a new cow that he had just purchased ; and when I was in Chicago last summer a gentleman told me he had raised 800 bushels of potatoes on one acre, and the query with me was whether his name was Wilbur, too. (Laugh- ter.) Now, the idea that suggested itself to me was, whether we could get exactly the accurate condition as to any stock from reports that we get. I know very well that now and then you have a cow that does wonderful work and gives a marvellous amount of milk and makes a tremendous amount of butter ; but what I would like to know is, what proportion of the cattle that you raise are up anywhere near that standard. It seems to me that you ought to have one branch of your Association picking up the failures before you can get at the exact record of what you are doing for the woi'ld. You know I get at that simply from my study of human nature. I wonder if in the cattle world it is as it is in the world of humanity. Among people you know this matter of record is not Simon pure evidence. For instance, we have got one man here in this city whom you have all heard of, Ward McAllister, one of the "400." He would show up magnificently in a catalogue (laughter), but the question with me is, whether he would be of any use in a barn-yard. (Renewed Laughter.) So you see I do not know exactly all the rules that should be applied to this question of cattle. I do know that the most marvellously hand- some animals, when you come to cows, that I meet anywhere in all my travels are among the breed that your Association represents. In talking with people who advocate other breeds they give me some pointers that I presume they misrepresent your stock on. When I get through listening to a Jersey man the Holstein does not hang as high as it did before, and when I listen to a Holstein man the Jersey dwindles. So that a man who is not in the actual business is left somewhat beclouded when he relies simply on reports. One thing I do know is, that no man can do more to improve the country in which we live than a man who devotes himself to improving any kind of stock — any kind of agricultural products in this country. (Applause.) I remember when a boy, an old Englishman brought into the neighborhood where we were raised some Durham stock, which he brought with him, as it were, from England. From that day down to the present time the grade of cattle has been marvellously above those of any other neighborhood in that section for beef ; and I have travelled among these high-toned red Durhams since, and 1S92.'] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 15 seen them all over at county and state fairs, but I never yet saw an animal that seemed to have all the qualities for good beef that the roan Durhams had which that old man used to raise. If I were going to select, just from my own observation, cattle for beef, I would take the short-horn roan Durham ; if I were going to raise milk to sell, I would take the Holstein. That is an inex- perienced conclusion, of course, that I have come to. Mr. RUMSEY : If you were going to raise milk to drink, what would you take V Mr. HORR : They tell an incident that perhaps would apply to that ques- tion. Way back, when the Connecticut Reserves in Ohio were selected, the Connecticut people sent a committee out to examine that marvellous country which has since turned out to be such a wonderful part of the state of Ohio, and when the committee returned they reported to an enormous congregation of men that had gathered to hear about the interests they had in that wild west, and the committee's report was very complete ; it seemed to be perfectly satisfactory as to timber, and as to the soil, and as to the climate. The meet- ing was about to adjourn, when one man stepped out and said : " Wait a minute. In all this voluminous report there hasn't a single man reported a word as to the facilities for water. What are the people going to drink up there V " Well, the chairman of the committee turned around and conversed with the rest of the committee on the platform, and finally he said : " We are in one sense troubled. The fact is, that no one on the committee tasted any water while we were out there." (Laughter.) So when you come to dinnk, I think I should select the Holstein milk, although I am not quite sure about that. The Chairman : You would make no mistake. Mr. HORR : It would depend upon what one is drinking for, I presume. Now, I don't want to detain you, but I do want to say one word more. I hope that this Association will have a representation at the Columbian Exposition which will be not only a credit to this Association, but to the country. The fact that the fair is to be held at Chicago is no detriment to it. It can just as well be held in Chicago as in any other place. It is to be a great national fair, and I think the people of the United States, without regard to what state they live in, should see to it that every industry is well represented on that occasion. I believe the fair is going to be a marvellous success. I don't know exactly where they are going to find room for all the different industries to be properly exhibited, but I should suppose that the cattle men of the United States, and 16 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, especially the people who represent such elegant, beautiful animals as a herd of Holsteins is, should certainly be represented in a way that will be a credit to those interested in them. I look for wonderful results from that fair. I believe it is going to do a great deal for the United States, and anything that builds up this country I am in favor of. I do not care about hurting anybody on the other side of the ocean, but I am in favor of my own country first, and the rest of the world afterwards ; and so you will have Holsteins first, and then some other cattle afterwards ; consequently you should see to it that the Holsteins are well represented at^ the fair. I thank you for your attention, and will not occupy your time further. ( Applause. ) Mr. RUMSEY : I think our adopted member is entitled to a family explanation on one point. In the opening part of his address he asked for some information in regard to these astonishing performances of Holstein cattle. I want to say that a man who does not keep Holsteins in my county gives this explanation of it. He says that he has found, from long observation of the niatter, that no matter what the character and standing of a man is for honor and probity in any community, just as soon as that man buys a Holstein cow he becomes a liar. (Laughter.) The Chairman : Gentlemen, the Committee on Proxies, I believe, is ready to report. Please give attention. Mr. J. M. Ham : The Committee on Pi-oxies would report that there are 219 proxies, of which Thomas B. Wales has 136; E. A. Powell, 26; S. L. Hoxie, 14 ; F. L. Houghton, 11 ; L. T. Yeomans, 8 ; H. D. Warner, 7 ; Smiths & Powell, 7 ; C. R. Payne, 3 ; W. G. Powell, 3 ; C. W. Horr, 2 ; P. C. Stevens, 1; H. C. Burrell, 1. Total, 219. In the time we had to devote to the matter we could hardly get them together with the different instructions on them. Some are instructed for one thing and some for another. J. M. Ham, Isaac Damon, Committee. The CHAmMAN : Is there anything to be said on this report ? Mr. H. D. Warner : I move that the report be accepted and placed on file. The motion was seconded and carried. Mr. Hoxie : Is there anything before the meeting ? The Chairman : No, sir. 1892.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 17 Mr. HoxiE : Then, sir, I would move tliat a committee of tliree be appointed by the Chair to prepare a suitable, minute in memory of Mr. Houghton, the original Secretary of the Holstein Association. The motion was seconded and carried. The Chairman : I will appoint as such committee, Mr. Hoxie, Mr. Wales, and I\fr. Rumsey. The Chairman : Gentlemen, are we ready for the report of the Board of Officers in the matter of the World's Fair i* If members "will give their atten- tion now, the Secretary will read the report. REPORT OF THE BOARD OF OFFICERS IN RELATION TO THE MATTER OF THE INTERESTS OF THE ASSOCIATION AT THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. At the annual meeting of the Board of Officers of this Association, held at the Vanderbilt Hotel, Syracuse, N. Y., March 18th, 1891, the subject of the exhibition of our cattle in the Dairy Department of the World's Columbian Exposition was discussed at length, and a committee of five, consisting of Messrs. J. B. Dutcher, E. A. Powell, C. W. Horr, D. H. Burrell, and T. B. Wales, was appointed to visit Chicago and confer with the authorities who have in charge the arrangements for the dairy and live stock exhibition, and to report to the Board. The report of this committee is embodied in the report of the meeting of the Board of Officers held at Syracuse, N. Y., December 10th, 1891. The committee of three named therein made the following unanimous report to the Board at its meeting' held in New York City, March loth, 1892 : ''We, the undersigned, have carefully read the iDapers giving descriptions of cows offered for the Chicago test, and regret to find that many of them are not, judging by the evidence furnished by their owners, up to the standard which we think should govern our Association in making selections for such an important test. It is our opinion that no cow should be accepted that has not shown her ability, either by actual test or chemical analysis, to make at least 20 pounds of good, marketable butter per week, made according to the rules of our Association ; or, if she is a young cow, she should have made a test that would be considered equivalent thereto, age being taken into account. " We are also of the opinion that the Association should have at its disposal, to select from, before entering such a test, at least three times the number required for actual competition. This we consider necessary, as some of the 2 18 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, COWS now offered will unquestionably be out of condition when wanted ; many will not be fi^esh at the proper time, others will be dead, and some will probably be injured in shipping, etc. " We understand other breeds expect to have four times the number required to select from. " After carefully looking over the list of cows offered, we find not to exceed forty or forty-five, taking the records already made, and the reasonable esti- mation made by their owners', that the Association can safely depend upon to make selections from. "We are therefore of the opinion that it would be unwise and injudicious for our Association to enter such an important test until three times the number of cows actually required have been placed at its disposal, and that all should be fully up to the standard given above. It is, however, the belief of your committee that, with proper rules governing the tests, the required number of cows will be forthcoming. " E. A. Powell, " l. t. yoemans, " Thos. B. Wales, Committee. " In view of this report of the committee of three, the committee of two, consisting of Messrs. Burrell and Wales, who were to visit Chicago as soon as a sufficient number of cows had been offered, decided that the time for such visit had not yet arrived. Thos. B. Wales, Secretary. Mr. HoxiE : I move the adoption of the report just read. Mr. RuMSEY : Received and filed, is the proper motion. Mr. Comer : Yes, that is the way to put it. We are not quite i-eady to adopt it yet. Mr. HoxiE : Then I move that the report be accepted and placed on file. Motion was seconded and carried. Mr. E. A. Powell : If there is no other matter before the meeting, I wish to olTer some resolutions regarding the Dairy Exhibit at the Columbian Exposition, and also to supplement them, so that they will be understood, by some remarks. A set of rules governing this Dairy Exhibit has been sent out by the Chief of the Dairy Exhibition for consideration. The rules have not been absolutely adopted, but they have been sent out by Mr. Buchanan, the Chief of the Department of Agriculture, specifying the conditions under which /Sp?.'} HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 19 this test shall be made. Those conditions do not conform to the action taken by the Columbian Dairy Association and the committee representing the various breeds of cattle which met at Chicago July 29th and 30th last. At that meeting' resolutions were adopted providing that all of the products of the cow should be considered in making these awards — adopted first by a committee consisting of one representative f I'om each of the various breeds, after that it was resanctioned by the Columbian Dairy Association in conjunction with these breedei's, when an attempt was made to repeal that resolution three times, and it could not be done — showing that the sense of those two bodies was that this test should be decided on all the products of the cow. Also, that the entire amount of feed which was consumed should be charged to the cow — a proposi- tion which your committee was ready to meet and was in favor of, because this resolution to that effect was written by your own committee and offered, showing that we were willing to meet on that broad, fair ground, in which the entire product of the dairy cow is considered, and also that she should be charged with the entire amount she consumed. It was also decided at that meeting that the test should be a chemical one, believing that it was impos- sible to churn each cow's milk and ascertain the amount by that process under the conditions which were so unfavorable, and also realizing the fact that at the present time the old methods of churning are as much out of date as the old methods of agriculture. The sentiment is decidedly in favor of the chemical test, which shows the entire product in the milk. Those resolutions were passed at that time, but the rules which are now sent out as the proposed rules to be adopted vary in both those particulars. They do not provide for the entire product of the cow. They say that the skim milk can be analyzed ; and the butter fat, if it contains a certain amount, no credit is to be given for that. It merely says that the buttermilk and skim milk can be estimated at a price to be decided when the test opens by the Superintendent of the Dairy and with the sanction of the Commissioner of Agriculture. So we do not know what that price is. It also decides that this test shall all be done by the churn. We can have chemical analysis, but that amounts to nothing excepting in the fact that the butter is to be analyzed, and if it contains a standard of 80 per cent, it is given credit for that ; if 82 per cent, it is given credit for that ; if 78 per cent, 2 per cent is to be deducted, and then the Dairy Commissioner and Superintendent shall decide what price shall be placed upon each class of that butter, and that is not known to the exhibitor until after the time of the ex- hibit. So that the rules are made just as one-sided, just as unfair, just as unreasonable as any dairy breed — if the matter were left entirely to them — could or would ask to make them. It is not made with the idea that the entire 20 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, breeds shall have a fair and square and honorable showing on their merits. Now, gentlemen, in view of what I have stated, I beg to offer these resolutions : Besolved, That the subject of a dairy exhibit at the Columbian World's Fair be referred to the Board of Officers with power, providing the rules governing such tests are so made as to make them equally fair and favor- able to all breeds, and that the entire valuable product of the cow be considered in awarding the prizes, and that the cow be charged with all she consumes. We also instruct our Board of Officers to insist that, before entering such test, the prices of all kinds of feed shall be decided upon and the prices of all the products of the cow. The test should also include the cheese product as well as butter. Also, that the rules governing such test shall be based on the reso- lutions adopted at the meeting of the Columbian Dairy Association and the representatives of the various breeds of cattle, at their meeting at Chicago, July 29th and 30th, last. Besolved, That we instruct our Board of Officers that unless rules can be adopted that are equally fair to all breeds, that they decline to enter such tests. I move the adoption of these resolutions. Mr. C. E. RUMSEY : I second the motion. ■ Mr. J. N. Comer : It appeal's to me that we are putting an enormous duty on the officers of this Association, for them to decide this matter. It ap- pears to me that this Association in deliberative assembly here can more fully and better decide what should be done than the officers can do at a future date. It is evident to me, from what I have heard here and elsewhere, that there is no disposition on the part of the Agricultural Department to accept anything except the six months test. Now, no gentleman owning valuable Holstein cattle will send two or three or more of his stock there to be confined in sheds and under adverse circumstances for a period of six months. I am one of the oldest members of the Association, although at the present time I am not a breeder, but I have never lost my first love for the Holstein, and I have just as warm an interest in them as I ever had, though not the same pecuniary interest ; but it seems to me that this Association should determine whether or not it will make the exhibit under such adverse circumstances. Mr. RuMSEY : I would like to have brought out here, in order to have a full understanding of this matter, just what breeds of cattle are ready to accept the conditions already imposed. If three or four other Associations represent- ing other breeds will go into a six months test, it seems to me we would occupy /Sp2.'} HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 21 a peculiar position if we would not put our cattle into a six months test. I would like to have some information on that point. I would also like to know what breeds, if any, have accepted the rules as made by Mr. Buchanan, and what Associations have declined to accept them. Mr. W. G. Powell : Mr. Chairman, this resolution does not say any- thing about a six months test, or a ten days test, or a day test. It simply says that the rules should be satisfactory', and such as would give the Holstein cattle an equal show with other breeds^ whether it is ten days, ten years, or six months. It has nothing to say about the length of the test at all. The Secretary : It is only a very short time since the rules to govern the Dairy Exhibit and tests have been sent out by Mr. Buchanan for the con- sideration of the different associations and of the breeders of dairy cattle generally. I have had a copy of the rules only three or four days ; I wrote to Mr. Buchanan at once that in my opinion they were not what they should be. To which Mr. Buchanan i-eplied, i-equesting our Association to i^lainly state just what would be satisfactory. Mr. HORR : Gentlemen, this is a matter that I have taken great interest in. I have been present at all of the deliberations of the officers and also of the committee, with the single exception of the last meeting of the Board of Officers ; and, without being tedious, I desire to submit my views on this matter. There is going to be a World's Exposition at Chicago, and it is going to be a big affair. Every large material interest in the United States will be represented there. The cattle men have been holding meetings in the past year in order to get ready to make an exhibit there, and the challenge is out from the Jerseys, as they were the first to accept almost any conditions, six months, or four months ; and they say that they will be there. The Holstein- Friesian people are as well aware that there is to be a great contest between the different dairy breeds of cattle at the Chicago Fair as are any of the other people. Now, whether we accept this invitation to compete or not, the contest will take place. There will be at Chicago a contest that will occupy the public attention, and will, to a limited extent, settle the relative merits of the different dairy breeds ; and the exhibit will take place, no matter what our action here may be. If we are not represented there, our absence will at least need an explanation, and it is always unfortunate to have to explain. Now, I must say that I do not think the present rules that havp. been prepared are fair. I do not think they are at all fair towards this Association. As I look at it, the Jerseys would like extremely well to have the contest narrowed down to pounds of butter, probably to pounds of feed, or the money value of butter as compared 22 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE \^March, with the feed fed to the animals. That would give them the best chance. I suppose what would give us the best chance would be the number of pounds of milk and the number of pounds of solids to a cow, because there are no other cows on the face of the earth that can give as much milk on the average as the Holstein cows, and that the best Holstein cow can give more pounds of milk than any other cow is pretty well established. I go, then, a step further, and I say that it is very well established that the best Holstein cow can give more pounds of solids to the cow than any other cow in the world. The Jersey men know that just as well as we do. I go a step further, and I say it is pretty well established — the Jerseys would not own it, but it is so — that the Holstein- Friesian cow has the best chance to win a prize where it is pounds of butter to the cow. But now, under these rules, there is an attempt made to narrow it down, and to change the test from pounds of butter to the cow and make it pounds of butter to the money value of feed fed to the animal, which is an entirely new test. It does seem to me that if I were running that great World's Fair I would give the Jersey people that test. That is one fair test. That ignores entirely the beef value of the animal, the amount of weight that results from the feed. It ignores the cheese value of the milk, and of course it is not a fair test as to the commercial value of the whole milk. But that is one test. It is just as fair a test as it would be to take the pounds of milk and not to get at the pounds of solids. I claim that there should be a good many tests held at Chicago. The quantity of milk to the cow is one fair test. We want to know which cow can whip on pounds of milk. We want to know which cow, without regard to feed, can make the largest amount of butter in a given time. We want to know which cow can produce the most pounds of solids. We want to know which cow can produce the greatest commercial value of milk, estimating its butter and its cheese value. We want a variety of tests, and that is exactly why, in my judgment, the present rules are defective. I am willing that the little Jerseys should ask for any test they want if it only counts one among a good many tests ; and then, on behalf of the Holsteins, I ask the same privilege. All we want is fair rules. Now, my criticism upon my friend Powell's resolu- tion is just this : If he had simply instructed the Board of Officers not to attempt to make a dairy exhibit at Chicago unless in their judgment they can secure fair rules, I would vote for it with pleasure ; but he has got too many specifications in his resolution. As I construe his resolution, it seems to me that he has got in every case' to take into account the value of the cheese product. Now, I do not know that in every test the value of the cheese product should enter into it. I say that this Association should get a fair show, every- thing considered, and we should not ask anything more, and we can go to lSp2.'] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 23 Chicago with our black and white cattle, and if we do not quite get an even and fair chance in the rules and conditions, when the prizes are awarded we will carry away the largest share of them, in my opinion. I doubt whether we can afford to be very timid in this matter. I would be just as smart as we can, but I would get just as good concessions as it is possible for us to get, and I would not go there unless I thought that when we g-ot through we would come out with credit. I would go there knowing tne cattle and their marvellous power of production, if I did believe that when we got through we would come out with fair credit, even though we did not carry away every prize. The Holsteins are worthy to be backed by their owners, and I cannot think that a body of men representing thousands of these grand cows will be timid in this matter. I do not object to being careful and painstaking, but I do object to our showing any timidity. When you are going into a battle you want to prepare with the greatest care, as though you needed the last man and the last bullet ; but when you get into the battle, then you fight. Now, then, this resolution seems to me a little too timid ; and it seems to me to put so many limitations upon the Board that if there should be one member who thought of taking cattle there he could insist : " Here is your resolution. Cheese does not enter into all these resolutions." If you trust the Board, why not trust to them to ask when they arranged to take cattle into that contest that there shall be fair and equitable rules provided. If you cannot trust them to that extent, then, if we have the information that we need, let us settle the question here and now. Mr. Buchanan's letter, it seems to me, would indicate that he wants to reconcile all the differences and all the objections in a spirit of fairness. When your committee was in Chicago, unfortunately Mr. Butter- worth, the Secretary of the Association, with whom I have a pleasant acquaint- ance, was absent in Europe. He will not be absent any longer, and if — which I do not believe will be the case — Mr. Buchanan should be too much under the influence of the Jerseys, or should not be disposed to treat our cattle fairly, I believe that the Secretary of the Association's ear could easily be reached, and that he could be induced to see to it that we secure a fair deal. He is from Ohio, and you know that Ohioans — Mr. E. A. Powell : (Interposing) That is the trouble. Mr. HORR : (Continuing) Always speak the truth, and nothing but fair dealings emanate from Ohio. Now, sir, I feel like pledging — not that we can get any advantage over those little cattle, we don't want any advantage over them — but I feel that we will get a fair show at Chicago. 24 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [^March, Mr. RUMSEY : Pardon me, Mr. Horr, did you say that gentleman's name was Butter — worth ? Do you think we can get a fair deal from a man whose name is Butter worth ? (Laughter.) Mr. Horr : Yes, sir ; and he- would appreciate even your pun. Mr. E. A. Powell, : I am sorry to feel obliged to rise again on this point, but I do wish to express my appreciation of the fact that Mr. Horr agrees with me so fully, because the resolution expresses, throwing off all extra verbiage, just what he wants. We ask that we have absolutely fair play. We want nothing more ; we will accept nothing less. We ask conditions, not only for our own cattle, but we want absolutely fair conditions for all the other breeds that are to be entered. We want to put that in position now and here, so that when these resolutions go before the parties who make the laws governing this test they will understand in advance that we ask that ; that we ask nothing more ; that we insist upon that, and that we will take nothing less. Is not that fair ? Do you want anything else ? The question is, are we going to put our- selves in the position that we have got to go into a contest that is gotten up in advance against us, whether we want it or not ? I do not believe there is a man in this Association — I do not believe there is a man among all the Jersey breeders — who would so belittle himself that he would go into a public contest of this kind feeling that, notwithstanding he might win, these rules were made up so as to put all the conditions against him and against the bi^eed of cattle which he represents. Indeed, the American people are so allied to fairness that even if they could win by unfair means they would not go into a contest of that kind. Now, it is proper for this Association to say that unless they can have fair rules, which are equally fair for other breeds, they do not propose to go in. Let me say that if a test cannot be got that is fair, there will be a test that is fair and that the breeds will go into and have a test for, and it will be a test conducted in such a way as to enlist the sympathy and the confidence of the people. It will not be a one-sided affair. Now, the only clause that I under- stand Mr. Horr to ci'iticise in these resolutions is the one which I think conveys exactly the idea that we wish to express. There are a series of tests made. There is not one including cheese. Now, what do we say ? We merely say that the test should include the cheese products, as well as butter. Do you want anything else ? Is there a man here who would be willing to go into a test where the cheese product was entirely eliminated ? I do not believe there is. You see, this is to be absolutely a butter test, but that is not what they propose. It is a test of the dairy breeds. I do not know how the whole product iSgz.'] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 25 of the country stands — I presume Mr. Burrell can tell me — but I wish to ask Mr. Burrell if the product of cheese does not very nearly correspond with butter, on the average ? Mr. Burrell : Oh, no. The total product of butter is 1,250,000,000 pounds, and of cheese between 500,000,000 and 600,000,000 pounds. The average price of cheese is eight cents. If they win on their butter test it carries with it the weight of the greater production, and they are confining it strictly to an unfair point, and that is that they confine it to butter without reference to the food that is fed to the animal. That is a strong point, that the money value of butter is far in excess of the money value of the cheese that is produced. All they care about is to win on butter, and these insignificant things can take a back seat. Mr. E. A. Powell : We do not say that every test shall be made on that. We merely ask that among these tests we shall have a test of cheese, just as it is worded in my resolution — that the tests shall also include the cheese product as well as butter. We ask for butter as well as for cheese. So we have both. That is the only thing that Mr. Horr objects to. Mr. Burrell : There are $50,000,000 worth of cheese made in this country. Mr. E. A. Powell : Now, at Chicago, after meeting with the Columbian Dairy Association and passing certain resolutions, which one other breed opposed as strongly as they could (it was a vote that carried, and they offered a resolution three times to repeal it), we went and called upon Mr. Buchanan, and he invited us to sit down and write out just what we wanted. He said : "■Gentlemen, sit down and write out just what you want, and I will see that it is all right. " We did so. What was the result ? We went back in the course of an hour or two to the meeting that we had been attending, and one of the first things that was said to me was : "I understand you propose to make this a grade cow test, do you?" Now that showed conclusively that our propo- sition made to Mr. Buchanan had been by him submitted to parties representing other breeds of cattle, and they had the dictation of this whole thing. Further than that, when these resolutions had been passed they tried to repeal theni three times, but failed. Now Mr. Buchanan proposed a set of rules in which the very opposite of those resolutions is contained. Not one is on the basis that was adopted at that meeting. Now, gentlemen, isn't it right that we should say very emphatically that we will submit these rules to the Board of Officers on condition that they make them perfectly fair, not only to our Association, but to all other cattle associations. With regard to having a test 26 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, there, I do believe that if we can get fair rules and equitable conditions that we will see at Chicago one of the greatest cattle exhibits ever seen anywhere. I believe that under fair conditions we can go there to win. I believe that under fair conditions our breeders are ready to furnish the cows. But you see that according to the report made to the Secretary this morning, with the conditions as they were, the breeders did not feel like entering that test. There were not enough cows offered to fill the quota. So that in the first place we want to insist upon having this test fair. Then, when that is accomplished, we can claim with confidence that our breeders will furnish the requisite number of cows to compete. Mr. Yeomans : I think you should report to the Association how you succeeded there in Chicago. Mr. E. A. Powell : Oh, yes. When your committee went to Chicago the resolutions that had been adopted the day previous were that we should have fifty cows in the test. Your committee not only asked for shorter time, believing that the long test would not be favorable to this breed, or to any breed — believing that the showing made by the various breeds would be better on a shorter test ; it would make a better showing for the whole daii^y interest — but we also insisted that a smaller number of cows should be entered. We succeeded in getting the number reduced from fifty to twenty-five for each breed. So that your committee did accomplish something by going to Chicago, after all. Mr. BURRELL : I wish Mr. Powell would read his resolutions again. Mr. Powell : (Reading) "• Resolved, That the subject of a — " Mr. HuiDEKOPER : (Interposing) Mr. Powell, I would suggest that you change one word in the last sentence of your resolutions. You say, "that we instruct our Board of Officers that unless rules can be adopted," etc. I would suggest that you change the word "can " to "shall." Mr. Powell: Yes, I think that is a good change, and I will make that change. Then my resolutions would read : ^'"Resolved, That the subject of a dairy exhibit at the Columbian World's Pair be referred to the Board of Officers with power, providing the rules governing such tests are so made as to make them equally fair and favor- able to all breeds, and that the entire valuable product of the cow be considered in awarding the xjrizes, and that the cow be charged with all she consumes. We also instruct our Board of Officers to insist that before entering such tests 1892.^ HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 27 the prices of all kinds of feed shall be decided upon and the prices of all the products of the cow. Tile tests should also include the cheese product as well as the bvitter. Also, that the rules governing such tests shall be based on the resolutions adopted at the meeting of the Columbian Dairy Association and the representatives of the various breeds of cattle, at their meeting at Chicag'o, July 29th and 30th, last. " Resolved^ That we instruct our Board of Officers that unless rules shall be adopted that are equally fair to all breeds, that they decline to enter such tests." Mr. W. J. Smith : It is not quite clear to me how this Association proposes to go into this test. Does this Association propose to duplicate prizes, or give prizes out of its own purse, or pay the expense ? What item is there to show what the cost will be ? Mr. YJ50MANS : There is $100 offered for each cow by this Association, in order to induce owners to send their cows there, and then afterwards the inducement is held out that there will be some prizes offei'ed. Mr. Smith : I am sorry that Mr. Horr has gone out of the room, because, while I agree very largely with his admirable remarks, he made one statement which I think was a little misleading. It was to the effect that the Jersey Cattle Club had thrown down the gauntlet, and substantially to the effect that the other cattle clubs had agreed to go into this contest. Those of us who happen to have either attended or read the proceedings of the annual meeting of the Jersey Cattle Club a year ago will remember that there was a good deal of discussion at that meeting ; and the basis on which their resolution favoring an exhibit and favoring the expenditure of a sum of money, $10,000, by their association to go into this contest, was because they were given to. understand that this Association at its meeting, which was to follow in a few days, was to take similar action. Now, it is the opinion of certain of us who were cognizant of the facts, that if this Association a year ago had not taken the action it did, substantially giving the Jersey people to understand that we were going to put $10,000 into this contest, that the Jersey Cattle Club would never have taken the action they did. As a matter of fact, we stirred up the hornet's nest our- selves. Now, another point, and that is to the extent that other clubs have gone into this arrangement. As I understand it, no association except the Jersey Cattle Club has as yet signified its intention as an association to go into this test. Even the Jersey Association have not yet completed their arrange- ments, or are satisfied that they can carry them out. I was told in Chicago by certain Jersey breeders that it was a stupendous task, and they really did not 28 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, know whether they were going to go into the contest or not. In short, it is a game of bluff, and if we would be good enough to drop out of it, and thus give them a chance to get out of it without seeming to be afraid of us, they would be only too glad of the opportunity. Now, I believe it will be a test between the Hol- stein-Friesian Association and the Jersey Cattle Club. Other cattle may come into the test incidentally, but the real test will be between those two breeds. It was my privilege last fall, in Chicago, at the invitation of President Dutcher, to attend a meeting of a committee of twenty-one on the Columbian Dairy Show. I think there were eighteen or nineteen members of that committee present. With the exception of Mr. Dutcher — I was not an authorized represen- tative— and possibly one other man, the entire number of delegates to that meeting were opposed to the Holstein-Friesian interests. They were either Jersey men or Guernsey men, or they were representatives of other breeds which would rather see the Jersey cattle beat in a dairy contest than to see the Holsteins succeed. Now, then, the fact that Mr. Buchanan is controlled by those in- terests cannot be gainsaid. I do not think that there is any question but what a majority of the people who have his ear are the people in the interests of our opponent. The Holstein-Friesian breeders have always been ready to go into a contest, and the cattle have always been forthcoming. That has been correctly stated. But it is our business as an association to look out for the interests of the cattle. Now, as to the point of this Association taking up tests. I think it is a mistake for the Association to attempt to attend, as an association, to business which should be attended to by us as individuals. I would not care if we had $100,000 in our treasury. That is not the question here. The question here is : shall we go into that test so that our breed shall succeed V The fact that we go into it as an Association is not of the slightest consequence. The point is for the black and white cattle to come out with the first prizes, and I want to call your attention to that point. I have no doubt that the contest will be made, so far as our cattle are concerned, by individuals ; but I think it is a very serious question. I think the resolution which has been offered by Mr. Powell is certainly to the point, but it does seem to me that in putting the matter into the hands of the Board they will use their wis- dom, and they ought to decide that it would be inexpedient for this Association to attempt to handle any such thing. Mr. BURRELL : I second the resolutions otfered by Mr. Powell, if he will consent to strike out the following : " Also, that the rules governing such test shall be based on the resolutions adopted at the meeting of the Columbian Dairy Association and the representatives of the various breeds of cattle, at their meeting at Chicago, July 29th and 30th, last." /Sp2.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 29 Ml'. E. A. Powell : I will strike that out, although I wish to explain why that clause was inserted. At the meeting- referred to at Chicago, resolu- tions were adopted that the test should be made by chemical analysis, showing the chemical qualities of the milk. Three attempts were made to repeal that portion of the I'esolution, which were unsuccessful. Thus showing that the opinion of a majority of the committee was that such should be the case. I wish to say still further, that under the rules as they now stand the tests shall be conducted as ordered by the Commission, which is made up of four mem- bers from the Association of Experiment Stations, the Superintendent of the Dairy, and one representative from each breed of cattle that enters into the contest ; and that has got to be approved by the Commissioner of Agriculture. Now, I wish to say still further, that even before this meeting at Chicago the representatives of various experiment stations were consulted and written to on this very subject. One prominent man in that line was written to by the President of another association in another state, asking if he would be willing to be one of those commissioners. He said he would. The next question was, whether if he were appointed one of those commissioners he would vote for this test made by the churn test. He replied no. This was long previous to the time of the meeting in Chicago. The reason I put that in there was because I felt that we should carry out just the plan adopted for that test in that particular. However, I am willing to strike it out with this exception, because the Board of Officers want to go prepared to insist on that rule ; but perhaps under the circumstances it is best to strike it out. Mr. W. J. Smith : Would the committee be willing to strike out that clause, and make their tests had as represented V Mr. BURRELL : I made the suggestion that I did because I think Mr. Powell's resolution fully covers all the points which we can possibly suggest with reference to protection. We want to be protected at all material points, and if we strike that out the resolution amply provides for just that situation. The reason why I think it is wise is because it is really dead. I think the new Board can insist upon it much more advantageously than for us to be tied up by this resolution, which would compel us to bring it again to the attention of all the other breeders. Mr. W. J. Smith : It seems to be a prominent fact in the case that they have gone back on the resolutions passed at a meeting of all the breeders ; and while they would not want that exposed, I do not see that we have any objection to letting them understand what we know about it. 30 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE \_March, Mr. BURRELL, : That is true, but I think you can safely trust to the com- mittee to insist upon such fair rules as are provided for. I hope this resolution will prevail. This letter of Mr. Buchanan's, which our Secretary has read, is a very bright letter. Mr. E. A. Powell : It is more than bright. Mr. BuRRELL : I hardly think he intends to surrender anything if he can help it. Now, such a resolution as this, amended as suggested, meets with my hearty commendation, and I hope the Association will adopt it. Mr. RUMSEY : I would like a little more light. I would like to under- stand from Mr. Powell whether his idea is that we shall demand only one test, in which all of the feed of the cow shall be weig'hed to her, and that she shall be credited with the butter fat made on chemical analysis, and with the cheese product. I don't know whether he means the skim milk cheese. Do we go ahead asking that a test of that kind only shall be made, or asking that our cattle shall be tested for butter simj^ly in one test, and butter and skim milk in another test, and cheese from the whole of the milk in another test ? I should think we could enter the field on all those things, divided, and stand a fair chance of winning ; but if you mass the whole into one test, it seems to me that the other gentlemen would not consent. There are four uses that cattle can make of food, namely : They put food into butter ; they put food into skim milk and butter-milk ; they put it on their backs, and they put it in the barn- yard. All of those four places are products. The Holstein cow, having a very big appetite and a very big paunch, can, if you crowd her too far, put a great deal of food into the barnyard. The point is to feed a Holstein cow so that you utilize what she eats. This is a matter of very great skill, as we all know. We have all made failures and we have all experienced successes at it. I have some cows that will only put food into the barnyard, and I tell the man to shovel it there in the first place. (Laughter.) I cannot understand whether we stand here for one test, or whether we shall go there and say : *■' We will make a butter test with you, or we will make a whole milk test with you to go into cheese, or we will make a butter and a skim milk product, either into cheese or into something else." Mr. E. A. Powell : I presume there is no person here but who expects that all these tests will be made,' and on a basis that is fair to all. The point we want to criticise is the fact that at present there are only three tests pro- vided for. In one of those only is a milk product taken into account at all, and that without knowing anything about what is to be allowed for it until the day /Sp^-I HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 31 we enter the contest. There is another great injustice in this, and that is : After specifying that there shall be one test in which the amount of skim milk shall be considered, and estimated at a price promulgated the day the test is to commence, by Mr. Buchanan and the Superintendent of the Dairy ; then it specifies anotlier test, in which we are given no test whatever for skim milk, except butter alone, and we are also charged for the feed. Then the third test will have heifers under three years old ; but that shall be only on this one test of butter alone, and the feed charged. Gentlemen, you certainly see that it is all one-sided. The Secretary : I rise to say that I have been to all of these meetings, and I think I know pretty thoroughly everything that has been gone over, and I cordially favor Mr. Powell's resolution with Mr. Burrell's amendment, and I hope it will be adopted. The Chairman : Gentlemen, if there is no further discussion we will take a vote. Those in favor of the adoption of the resolutions offered by Mr. Powell, as amended and accepted by him, will vote aye. Adopted. The resolutions adopted, as amended, read as follows : Besolved, That the subject of a dairy exhibit at the Columbian World's Fair be referred to the Board of Officers with power, providing the rules governing such tests are so made as to make them equally fair and favorable to all breeds, and that the entire valuable product of the cow be considered in awarding the prizes, and that the cow be charged with all she consumes. We also instruct our Board of Officers to insist that before entering such test the prices of all kinds of feed shall be decided upon, and the prices of all the products of the cow. The test should also include the cheese product as well as butter. Besolved, That we instruct our Board of Officers that unless rules can be adopted that are equally fair to all breeds, that they decline to enter such tests. On motion, the Association adjourned to 2 : 30 P. M. 32 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, AFTERNOON SESSION. The Chairman : Gentlemen, you will please come to order. Mr. W. J. Smith : Is it in order for new business ? The Chairman : Yes, sir. Mr. W. J. Smith : T desire to call attention to the fact that an Associa- tion has been formed under the name of The American Live Stock Association, which, to state it briefly, is composed of two delegates from each of the various Associations of pure-bred stock — horses, cattle, sheep, swine — in this country. The object of the Association is, in short, to look after the interests of pure- bred stock, and to further the interests of the breeders in the matter of trans- portation facilities, and in every possible way to advance their interests. It seems to me that it is a very valuable organization. It so happened that at the time of its organization, during the Fat Stock Show, Mr. Dutcher and myself were in Chicago, and a notice was sent to the informal meeting of breeders of Holstein-Friesian cattle, they supposing that was the regular meeting of our Association, and requesting that we appoint delegates to meet in the organization of the American Live Stock Association. Mr. Dutcher and I attended the meeting. Mr. Dutcher stated that that was not a meeting of our Association, and that we had no authority to appoint delegates, and he explained the situation to them, and told them that our regular annual meet- ing would be held this spring. Now, it sti'ikes me that this is an important organization, and I would therefore make the the following motion : I move that the Board of Officers be instructed to secure a membership for this Association in the American Live Stock Association, the cost of which, I believe, is $50 ; and also to elect two delegates who shall serve the interests of this Association in that body. Mr. W. G. Powell, : I second that motion. Mr. E\ L. Yeomans : Do the other breeds all have two delegates ? Mr. Smith : Yes, sir. The Chairman : Is there any further discussion on the motion ? If not, I will put the question. Those in favor of the motion will say aye. Carried. /Sp2.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 33 The Chairman : Shall we enter upon the new business of which we have been notified in the circular sent out by our Secretary ? The first matter is a proposal to amend the By-Laws, as follows : "Article IV., Sec. 2. So far as it relates to printing in the Herd-Book a description of the markings of the animals sufficient for identification." What action shall be taken in regard to this '? The Secretary : At the meeting of the Board of Officers yesterday after- noon it was agreed to recommend to the Association that the By-Laws be so amended as to discontinue the printing of the descriptions of the markings of animals in the Herd-Book. Mr. Henry Stevens : I would like to enquire of our Secretary if he approves of that ? The Secretary : This was my proposition last year, because I expected that the entries in our Herd- Book would increase very rapidly, so that it would make the book very cumbersome. Since that time I have found that the entries have decreased. So that reason does not hold good for the present year. The saving of expense to the Association by omitting to print these descrii^tions was the principal point raised in the Board meeting yesterday. I think it is true that it would save probably $1,500 a year. But I stated to the Boai'd yesterdaj' that I was sorry that I had made the recommendation a year ag'o, for the reason that the entries seemed to be decreasing, and, therefore, that the point I made then would not hold good at the present time ; and, also, because I have since learned that very many breeders would be greatly disap- pointed if these descriptions were left out of the Herd-Book. I will say, how- ever, that I think it is probable we shall have to come to this at some future time. Mr. W. .J. Smith : Do I understand the Secretary to say that by omitting to print these descriptions in the Herd-Book it would decrease the expense of printing by $1,500? The Secretary : Yes, sir. Mr. J. M. Ham : The raising of fees for entries cannot be done at this meeting, as I understand it, but it seems to me that it would be preferable to raise the fee for entry, and thus make up for the $1,500, rather than leave out that description in the Herd-Book. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : It seems to me, gentlemen, that here is an oppor- tunity to save at least $1,500 in the expenses of our Association annually. Now, 3 34 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [A/arck, we are trying to reduce expenses. The appearance of our Herd-Book will not be at all injured by leaving out these descriptions. We have now the best Herd-Book of a,ny live stock association in the United States, and this will rather add to the appearance of it, t think, instead of injui'ing it. It seems to me that if we can save $1,500 in this direction, we will have so ixiuch more money to use in making our exhibit at the World's Pair. It is an open secret to all the members of our Association that our revenues have been i"unning badly the wrong way. We have over $4,000 less in the treasury than we had a year ago. Last year we were trying to reduce expenses and increase our revenue, and we want to try and do the same thing this year. Here, it seems to me, is an opportunity to do something in that direction very easily. We merely omit from the Herd-Book the descriptions sufficient to identify the animal. That is all there is of it. We are compelled by the wording of the By-Laws to put in a sufficient description to identify the animal. Now, in the first place, every application is made by outline marking's. That is filed in the Secretary's office. Then a description from those outline markings is written out and put in the certificate of registry. If an owner should lose that cei'tifi- cate he can obtain another one from the Secretary, and could get the color markings from the Secretary by which to identify the herds. This will save just about one-half the space on each page of the Herd-Book ; it will save a great deal of clerical labor, and it will insure a saving of at least $1,500. ■Mr. RuMSEY : Do I understand that this would reduce the cost of the Herd-Book to buyers, also ? Mr. Yeomans : Why, of course. If we reduce the space one-half, we can publish in one volume what now requires two volumes. Therefore the cost would be just one-half what it is now. In other words, if our two Herd-Books a year cost us $5 now, then they would cost only $2.50. Mr. Edgar Huidekoper : I would like to ask if this simply relates to the publication of this in the Herd-Book, but leaves the description in the certifi- cate the same as now ? The Chairman : Yes, sir. Mr. F. C. Stevens : Am I to understand that there will be a sufficient description under the name of each animal to identify the animal in the Herd- Book ? Mr. L. T. Yeomans : No, sir. That is just what it is proposed to omit from the Herd-Book. lSg2 ] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 35 Mr. F. (J. Stevens : Then I am very much opposed to this. At the present time we are fortunate enough to have a class of cattle that we can identify by the Herd-Book. It so happens that sometimes a certificate is not of so much account to the buyer as the official Hei'd-Book. As it is now, we can turn to the Herd-Boolv and show a buyer the precise markings of the animal, and we can prove to him its pedigree. I think the descrij^tion is a matter of vital importance, and I think the idea of economizing in this par- ticular is an illustration of being a penny wise and a pound foolish. I should be in favor of economy somewhere else, and of keeping our Herd-Books in such a way that they will be valuable for all time. I think this is a very foolish proposition. Mr. E. A. Powell : I did not intend to make any remarks on this ques- tion, but it is one that covers so much ground, and is of so much consequence to the Association, that I think it ought to be carefully considered. We have never seen a time in our Association when so many letters were written and so many appeals made for greater economy. I was invited into the meeting of the Board of Officers yesterday, and the idea prevalent there was that greater economy should be exercised in the conduct of the Association in every pos- sible way. They realized the fact that at the rate we have been going on we will become bankrupt in two years. We pi^opose at the same time to make a large outlay of money for the purpose of an exhibit at the World's Pair. It is of great importance, if we go there, that we make the best show we can. Now here is a chance where we can, without injury to anybody, save a large amount of money, and, for one, I think it ought to be done. In answer to the sugges- tion of Mr. Stevens, I would say that if each man has his certificate of registry which goes with every animal that 'is transferred, he can need nothing more. If you sell Mr. A an animal, that certificate goes with it. That certificate contains the description. Not only that, but your certificate of transfer con- tains the number which refers to the identical number in the Herd-Book. Even if this did not make any difference in the cost of publishing the Herd- Book, I think it would be a good idea, because the Herd-Books are becoming too bulky, and are growing very rapidly every year. It takes a long shelf to contain all the Herd-Books, and you have to refer to so many to find the im- portant things you want, that it is very troublesome, and it would be much easier if they were condensed to one-half their size. Now, it seems to me that here is a chance for us to start off and practice economy in the right direction, and then we shall have the money to use in directions where it can be more profitably expended, 36 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, Mr. W. J. Smith : Would it not be feasible to have on each certificate of registry the outlines of the cattle, the same as they do in applications for registry, and have the Secretai-y's clerk write in the exact copy of the draw- ings as they come to him ? Mr. F. C. Stevens : Oh, that would cost five times as much. The Secretary : Yes ; that would cost more. Mr. W. J. Smith : Couldn't you put those forms in there without filling them up ? The Secretary : Certainly, the outlines might be printed on the out- side of the certificate ; but I should not consider that of much value. Mr. C. A. Wheeler : Mr. Chairman, I move that this matter be laid on the table. Mr. F. C. Stevens : I second that motion. Lost. The Chairman : The question now recurs upon the original motion. Mr. HoxiE : I would like to enquire in what way a man must vote who holds a proxy that would vote against the proposition, while he himself wants to vote for it ? Mr. RuMSEY : I would say to the gentleman, that he makes a great mis- take in getting his proxies in that shape. (Laughter). Mr. F. C. Stevens : I want to ask the Secretary one question. In fur- nishing this information for the printer, do you furnish the printer a copy of the descriptions, or do you allow him to refer to the stubs of your books ? The Secretary : These certificates are originally in a book with a stub, and the description of each animal is written on the body of the certificate and also on the stub. That stub goes to the printer as his copy. Mr. F. C Stevens : Now, I wish to call attention to the fact that, so far as clerk hire is concerned, there is not one dollar of extra expense to this Association incurred by publishing these descriptions. All of that is on the stub of the book, which the Secretary furnishes to the printer. The only addi- tional cost, therefore, will be for the extra paper needed and for the setting up of the type. Now, with all due respect to the Secretary, and to the Board of- Officers who have canvassed this matter — they say that the expense includes clerk hire and a clerical force which, according to the Secretary's statement. /8p2.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 37 must now be thrown out — it appears that the only cost is for extra paper and the setting up of the type, and it does not seem to me that $1,500 is required for that purpose. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : Allow me to state that the Herd-Book costs about $3,000 a year. Now, if we can cut off half of that, and let one volume answer for two, why, we cut off just about $1,500. The printing bills for this last year are very nearly $3,000 for the printing of the Herd-Book, and if we cut that book down to one-half its present size, why of course we will save just half that amount. Mr. F. C. Stevens : Pardon me for taking up so much time, Mr. Chair- man, but I think all those who have had experience in printing will bear me out in the statement that even if they cut out one-half of the matter they have not reduced one-half of the expense. Mr. Yeomans : I was on the Auditing Committee, and went through these bills. The Herd-Books are published at two different times. We came to two bills, which were audited, and they are about six months apart. We publish a Herd-Book whenever we get sufficient matter to fill it. Then, about six months later, we publish another one. Each stands upon its own merits. It costs just twice as much to print two volumes as it would to print one. Mr. J. M. Ham : About the only argument in favor of the omission of these descriptions that I have heard is on the score of economy, and to increase the revenue of the Association. Now, supposing that the castration bounties are discontinued now, that is going to more than make up, it seems to me, for the amount expended in publishing these descriptions ; and even if the regis- tration fees are kept where they are, I can see where the Association will be going ahead instead of going backwards. Cries of '' Question ! " " Question ! " The Chairman : Let us have a general expression of opinion on this matter before we take a vote. If any one has anything more to say we shall be glad to hear them. Mr. C. A. Wheeler : How is this vote to be taken, by ayes and nays ? The Chahiman : Yes, sir. It is just as you choose to have it taken, I suppose ; but unless some one suggests some other plan, it will be by ayes and naj^s. 38 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, The Secretary : It cannot be otherwise, sir, as long as there are instructed proxies here that must vote on this question. The Chairman : Those in favor of striking out this description in the Herd-Book vpill please manifest it by saying aye. Carried. The Chairman : It seems to be carried ; it is carried. Mr. W. J. Smith : I thought this was to be an aye and nay vote. The Secretary can call the roll of the members present, and then credit them if they have any proxies, with them. Mr. Yeomans : The vote has been taken, and the Chair has declared it carried. Mr. F. C. Stevens : The ayes and nays were called for, and the Chair- man should have ordered the vote taken in that way. Mr. E. A. Powell : The ayes and nays were not called for. The ques- tion was put to the house by the Chairman, and the Chair declared it carried. There was plenty of time given for a call of the ayes and nays, but no call was made. The Secretary : The proxies have not been recorded on this vote. The Chairman : I did not think about the proxies. Mr. C. A. Wheeler : I asked the Chair if the vote would be by ayes and nays, and I understood him to say that it would be ; but the vote just taken was a vive voce vote. Mr. Neilson : Mr. Chairman, I think the vote could be taken by ayes and nays very easily. That seems to be the only proper way to take the vote, and I would suggest that the Secretary call the names of those present and let them record their vote either for or against, and then the names of those holding proxies could be called and they could announce their votes on the proxies. Mr. W. B. Smith : It seems to me, gentlemen, that you better let this pass for this year. If you go through with all these proxies and take the vote that way it will take the entire afternoon, and you will not be able to do any other business to-day. Mr. P. C. Stevens : Mr. Chairman, I voted no, and I desire to have my vote recorded aye, in favor of the resolution. /Sp2.2 HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 39 Mr. L. T. Yeomans : You cannot do that after the vote has been announced. Mr. F. C. Stevens : The vote has not been taken as the Chair stated it would be taken. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : The Chair declared the resolution adopted. Mr. P. C. STE^'ENS : The Chair distinctly stated at the time of taking that vote that there should be an aye and nay vote. Contrary to his state- ment, he called for a vive voce vote. Having voted that way, I claim the right to reconsider this question. Mr. E A. Powell : You can move to reconsider, but you cannot ask to have your vote recorded aye after the vote has been announced. The Chairman : Gentlemen, I did make a mistake, and if there is any dissatisfaction, I would rather that the vote be reconsidered. Mr. P. C. Stevens : It is very evident that the gentlemen are trying to take advantage of a position that the members have been placed in by I'eason of the Chairman's misunderstanding. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : I do not wish anything to seem unfair, and if the gentleman feels that way I will move for a reconsideration of the vote. Cer- tainly this is a matter of no concern to me. The Board of Officers have been criticised through some of the press for not being interested in the welfare of the Association, and for not attending to its duties j)roperly, and they thought that here was a chance to be economical. I move for a reconsideration of this vote. Mr. W. J. Smith : I second the motion. Carried. Mr. P. C. Stevens : I move, now, to lay this matter on the table ; and on that I demand an aj^e and nay vote. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : We have just voted down such a motion as that, and I do not think it can be renewed now until after other business has intervened. The Chairman : I think it is proper to make such a motion now, because we have just reconsidered this vote. Mr. Neilson : Why not vote on the merits of the. whole matter, and settle it ? 40 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, Mr. W. J. Smith : I do not see why we should get into a controversy on this matter. It seems to me that it is of enough importance so that if any con- siderable number of our members do not agree about it we can certainly lay it over for another year. If an aye and nay vote is taken it will consume all the afternoon. Mr. Neilson : We can vote pretty quickly on this by having the roll called of those present and let each one vote his proxies as he is instructed. I cannot see why that is not the best way to do it. I will make a motion that the roll of those present be called on the merits of the question, and that each one be asked to announce his proxies as he is instructed, or, if there is no instruction, as he wishes to vote. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : I second that motion, and then I will ask the Sec- retary to tell us how he will vote his proxies ; as he votes, so goes the whole thing. The Secretary : In the Board meeting yesterday I voted against this proposition, and one other member voted with me against it. One of the mem- bers who voted for the proposition yesterday has stated to me that he would vote against it to-day. Now, it seems to me that for the present year, at least, we had better not make any change, and I feel obliged, notwithstanding all that has been said here about economy, to stand by my position, and I think we had better go on as we are for one year. Next year we can change it if we see fit. I should therefore vote to continue the Herd-Book in its present form on my proxies. Mr. E. A. Powell : Then there is no use going any further. Mr. Neilson : I withdraw my motion. Mr. RUMSEY : I think there is entirely too much parliamentary law here, and not enough Holstein cow. Mr. Yeomans : Mr. Neilson having withdrawn his motion, I will now second Mr. Stevens' motion to lay this matter on the table. The Chairman : All in favor of laying this matter on the table will please say aye. Carried. The Chairman : I v/ill request the Secretary to state the next subject for consideration. /8p2.'\ HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 41 The Secretary : It is proposed to amend the By-Laws as follows : " Article IV., Sec. 5. So far as it relates to the bounty offered for the kill- ing or castration of bull calves." Mr. HORR : I was a vei-y zealous advocate of paying a bounty, but I am impelled now to move that we cease to pay a bounty hereafter for calves killed or castrated. The Secretary : It was proposed by the Board that it be recommended that the By-Laws be changed so as to provide that no more bounties shall be paid. Mr. HORR : I will change my motion so as to provide that the Secretary be instructed to omit all reference to the bounty business in our By-Laws. The motion was seconded and carried. Mr. E. A. Powell : As we have received some proxies whi3h have in- structed us to bring up the matter of the charge for registering bulls, and the idea seemed to prevail that in reducing the bounty we would also reduce the charge for registering bulls, I will ask the Secretai-y if a motion is in order now to do that under the wording of the amendment ? The Secretary : No, sir ; it cannot be done, for the reason that no notifi- cation has been given to the Association of any change in the registry fees. Mr. E. A. Powell : The idea seemed to prevail that in opening that question of omitting the payment of bounty for the killing or castration of bull calves it opens the whole question. The Secretary : I do not look at it in that way. Mr. S. HoxiE : Some of my proxies held the same view. Mr. Henry Stevens : It seems as though it should open the whole question, because at the same time that we paid for the killing or castration of bull calves we raised the registry fee ; and it seems to me now if one is done away with that the other one ought to be. Mr. NehLiSON : I should think that the notice to the officers might be held to be sufficient notice to the Association. Mr. HORR : I regret very much that the matter is not properly before us, but the Secretary, under our By-Laws, is obliged to notify the Association of any proposed change in the registry fees. Unfortunately, nobody notified him that any such amendment would be proposed, and therefore we cannot do it. 42 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, As long as we want considerable money next year we shall have to bear it with such serenity as we can command. The notice was in reference to bounties, and did not say a single word about registry. Mr. Neilson : I should think it might be held to be a sufficient notice to the Association. If so, then we might say that the Secretary might hinder all leglislation by not sending out notices. The Secretary : The Secretary would have sent out such notice had he have been notified that any such amendment was desired. Mr. HORR : Mr. Neilson, let me ask you this. Would you construe a re- quest to the Secretary to vote in a given way in reference to a subject as a notice to propose the change ? Mr. Neilson : Yes, sir ; I think we could do that. Mr. HORR : I don't. That would not be according to the American idea of fairness, about which so much has been said here to-day. Mr. Nellson : I think we could do that quite as well as we could lay a matter on the table, as we did a few moments ago. Mr. RUMSEY : You could do it in New Jersey, perhaps. (Laughter.) The Chairman : Gentlemen, what will you do with this matter ? Mr. HORR : It seems to me we are entitled to a ruling from the Chair as to whether we can do it. The Chairman : It is the opinion of the Chair that we cannot do it. The Secretary : Allow me to read Section 13 of Article II. : " He — that is, the Secretary — shall issue notices of the time and place of the annual meet- ing of the corporation, and of special meetings which the Board of Officers may order to be called ; but no amendments to the Charter or By-Laws shall be made at any meeting, either annual or special, unless thirty days' notice of the substance of such proposed amendments has been given by the Secretary in the call for such meeting." Mr. A. W. Brown : Will the Secretary read the resolution putting the bounty on, and see if that does not open the whole question. Mr. RuMSEY : I should say it was competent to move to amend any part of a section without amending the whole of it, even if there were two or three terms referred to. I think it is competent to change one pa.rt of a section without necessarily changing the rest of it. J8p2.] HOLSXEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 43 Mr. A. W. Brown : When you change one part it renders the other part liable to be changed. The Secretary : Read Section 5 of Article IV. Mr. Edgar Huidekoper : Allow me to read this extract from the call for this meeting : "Article IV., Section 5. So far as it relates to the bounty of- fered for the killing or castration of bull calves.-' I do not think that includes anything else except the bounty. Mr. Neilson : I do not know whether I am speaking directly to the ques- tion, but it is germain to it. My own impression is that the high registry fee will answer pretty nearly all the purposes of the bounty ; that is, while the animals may live they won 't be registered unless they are pretty good ones. So that I should vote to keep the registry fee high as it is. It makes the matter unimportant, I think, whether we open the question or not. The Chairman : Well, gentlemen, we will pass to the next matter of business mentioned on the call. The Secretary will please read it. The Secretary : It is proposed to amend the By-Laws as follows : " Article IV., Section 10. So far as it relates to transfer fees." The Secretary : The Board of Officers recommended that the transfer fees remain as they are at present. Mr. W. J. Powell : I make a motion to that effect. The motion was seconded and carried. The Secretary : The next proposition is as follows : "It will be proposed to incorporate in the By-Laws a section that shall provide for the appointment of a committee of three members, who shall con- stitute an Auditing Committee." I would state that the Board of Officers recommend to the Association that an Auditing Committee of three be provided for. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : I am requested by a gentleman who has been called out to offer the following amendment, which he had prepared : " Amend Section 10, by adding at the end thereof, that the President shall appoint at each annual meeting a committee of three members, who shall be known as an Auditing Committee, and whose duties shall be to meet on the day prior to the annual meeting of the Association and examine the accounts of the ofBcers, which shall there be presented to them, and report thereon to the annual meeting." 44 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [Marck, It is a great tax upon members who are appointed at the meeting to go over these accounts and audit them. Tt takes up their time away from the meeting, and it has been thought best to have a committee appointed to attend to this matter who shall meet on the day preceding the annual meeting and audit the accounts. Mr. Dudley Miller : Wouldn't it be desirable to make that read that " An Auditing Committee of three, who shall not be members of the Board ? " Mr. Yeomans : If they are not members of the Board they will be en- titled to their expenses. The members of the Board of Officers have their ex- penses paid, and if you add three members of the Association, of course you will have to pay their expenses. The Chairman : I think it should be specified that if the members would prefer to have this committee appointed outside of the Board of Officers, it should be so stated. Mr. Yeomans : I move the adoption of this amendment. Mr. Dudley Miller : I move that this Auditing Committee shall not be members of the Board of Officers. Mr. RUMSEY : I second that motion. Mr. W. J. Smith : I would enquire whether that means that the Auditing Committee is to have their railroad expenses and hotel expenses paid. If so, there will be some object in getting on the committee. I have always de- clined before this to be on the committee, but that would make a difference. (Laughter). Mr. Dudley Miller : I should think, if the Board of Officers have their expenses paid, that there would be no reason in declining to pay the expenses of this committee. Mr. Yeomans : I would say that a liberal construction of the matter would be, that the expenses of the committee should be paid. I would say that our President, in making up the committee both last year and this year, was very particular to select those who were members of the Board of Officers, and this year he gave as his reason that he would like to put other gentlemen on, but as he thought they would be entitled to their expenses, he believed that in the interests of economy he had better not do it. J8p2.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 45 The Chairman : Those in favor of the motion of Mr. Miller, that the members of the Auditing Committee shall not be members of the Board of Of- ficers, will say aye. Lost. The Chairman : The question is now on the arnendment read by Mr. Yeomans. Those in favor of the amendment will say aye. Adopted. The Secretary : The next matter of business mentioned in the call is as follows : "It will also be proposed that a new charter be procured, permitting the Association to hold its annual meeting in any state where members reside." I will state that I received notice to incorporate such a clause in the call for the meeting from several members of the Association, one of whom was Mr. J. T. Brooks, of Pittsburg, counsel for the Pennsylvania Railroad, and a gentleman who takes a great interest in this Association, and who has a large herd of very fine animals. With the permission of the Association, I will read the letter that I received from him : Letter read by the Secretary. The Chairman : Gentle aien, what will you do in regard to this matter ? Mr. W. J. Smith : I think that is a most admirable suggestion of Mr. Brooks. It has occurred to a good many eastern members. An attempt was once or twice made to do something in this way, and it does seem to me that if there is any way by which it can be done legally, that we should recognize the rights of our western members as equal with our own. I think the suggestion to have a committee to take the matter in hand and exhaust every possible means to accomplish the object is a wise thing to do. Mr. RuMSEY : It seems to me that it does not require any committee other than our Secretary and Mr. Brooks. Mr. Dudley Miller : This matter has been discussed and gone over in years past, and Mr. Stevens, who is an ex-President, has had a great deal to do with it, and for one I should like to hear what he has to say about it. The Chairman : We should be glad to hear from Mr. Stevens. Mr. F. C. Stevens : I am heartily in favor of it if there is any way by which it can be accomplished. I went to Albany in the interest of the matter. I consulted the Attorney-General of the state, who informed me that it was 46 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE {March, utterly impossible to g'et a law passed giving- a coi^poration chartei'ed under the laws of the state power to hold its annual meetings outside of the state. It was thought that it might be advisable to organize under the laws of West Virginia, or New Jersey. I consulted Mr. McAdoo about that, and he said it was one of the fundamental principles of law that no state has authority to give a charter to an association permitting the holding of annual meetings out- side the limits of the state. I have talked to other gentlemen about "it, and they have given me substantially the same advice. The only way in which we can accomialish the end we have in view is by securing a national charter. Under that we could hold our meetings within the limits of any state in the United States. Mr. W. J. Smith : I move that Mr. Stevens be the Chairman of a com- mittee to investigate and report on this matter. He lives in Washington, and if anybody can do anything in respect to it, he is the one. The Secretary : I have had so many letters written to me in regard to this subject, that I hope Mr. Stevens will be willing to help us out. Mr. P. C. Stevens : I must decline. The Secretary : There is no man who can do so much towards getting us a national charter as Mr. Stevens can, and I really hope that he will consent to serve on the committee. Mr. W. J. Smith : I move that a committee of one be appointed to take charge of this matter, and that Mr. F. C. Stevens be that one. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : I second that motion. Mr. E. A. Powell: I would say that there are about twenty-five different railroads which have tried in vain to secure such a charter, so I don't think there is any possibility of our getting one. Mr. F. C. Stevens : They were different organizations. A railroad and a cattle association are entirely different. Mr. W. J. Smith : I call for the question. Mr. Stevens : Me. Chairman, I must decline to serve on this committee. The Ceairman : Those in favor of the motion that Mr. Stevens be ap- pointed the committee to serve on this subject will say aye. Carried. Mr. Stevens : I cannot serve. /8p2.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 47 The Secretary : Gentlemen, I don't think this matter ought to be dropped here. I think that our membei's here present ought to show that we intend to do everything we can, and the great body of our members will not believe it unless we take hold of this matter and try to accomplish something. INIr. W. J. Smith : "Well, Mr. Chaii-man, I move that Mr. Brooks — whose letter our Seci'etary has read — be added to the committee. Mr. E. A. Powell : I have no more idea that Mr. Brooks will go to Washington to attend to this matter than he would to try and get a railroad charter. He has doubtless had experience in Washington trying to secure railroad charters. Mr. F. C. Stevens : Mr. Chairman, I move that this whole matter be referred to Mr. E. A. Powell. (Laughter.) Mr. E. A. Powell : I will subside, and not say anything more. Mr. F. C. Stevens : Mr. Powell is very confident of what people can do and cannot do. He undoubtedly has gone over the whole matter and under- stands it thoroughly, better than any one else, and I move that he be em- powered to get a charter. Mr. W. J. Powell : Haven't we already passed a motion to make Mr. Stevens a committee ? The Chairman: Yes, sir; and then there was a motion made that Mr. Brooks be added to the committee with Mr. Stevens. Mr. Henderson : I move that Mr. C. E. Rumsey, of Pittsburg, be added to the committee. Mr. Rumsey : I think the proposition to appoint Mr. Brooks on this com- mittee with Mr. Stevens is a good one. Mr. Brooks thinks the matter can be accomplished, and if Mr. Brooks and Mr. Stevens report to this Association that it cannot be obtained from any state or from Congress, why that will be the end of it. Mr. E. A. Powell : This proposition seems to be for a national charter, which I haven't a doubt Mr. Brooks has asked for a good many times ; and in my opinion there is not the least probability that any such charter will be granted. If this object is accomplished at all, it will be, as Mr. Brooks suggests in his letter, through some special act in the New York State Legislature. 48 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE \^March, Mr. RUMSEY : Mr. Powell forgets that there has been more black and white legislation in Washington than anywhere else in the country. If you can get it anywhere, it is there — miscegenation and everything else. (Laughter.) The Chairman : Those in favor of the motion adding Mr. Brooks to the committee with Mr. Stevens will say aye. Carried. The Chairman : Then it is understood that Mr. Stevens and Mr. Brooks are to act as the committee on this matter. What is the next business V The Secretary : I was asked to incorporate in the notice for this meet- ing, the following : " An appropriation to extend the circulation of the Holstein-Friesian Begister will be asked for." Mr. F. L. Houghton : Mr. Chairman, in view of the apparent necessity for economy in our Association, I would ask the pi-ivilege of withdrawing that request, and that the same be regarded as not having been made. The Chairman : Then I suppose a motion to lay it on the table would be in order. Mr. W. J. Smith : In view of Mr. Houghton's explanation, I move to lay the matter on the table. Mr. Edgar Huidekoper : I second that motion. Carried. The Chairman : The next business is the election of officers for the ensuing year. Mr. E. A. Powell : In order to expedite matters, I move that where there is but one nomination the Secretary be instructed to cast the ballot of the Association. That will save a great deal of time. The motion was seconded and carried. Mr. W. Brown Smith : I nominate for President, Mr. C. W. Horr. There being no other nominations, the Secretary cast the vote of the Asso- ciation for Mr. C. W. Horr, of Wellington, Ohio, and he was declared elected President. Mr. E. A. Powell : I nominate for first Vice-President, the present incumbent, George D. Wheeler. l8g2.'\ HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 49 There being- no other nominations, tlie Secretary cast the vote of the Asso- ciation for Mr. George D. Wheeler, of Deposit, N. Y., and he was declared elected first Vice-President. A Member : I move that Mr. Joseph Haviland, of Glen's Falls, N, Y., be nominated for second Vice-President. Mr. Edgar Huidekoper : I nominate Mr. W. M. Liggett, of Benson^ Minn., for second Vice-President. Mr. C. R. Payne : I second the nomination of Mr. Liggett. Mr. Haviland's name was withdrawn, and there being no further nomina- tions the. Secretary cast the vote of the Association for Mr. W. M. Liggett, of Benson, Minn., and he was declared elected second Vice-President. Mr. P. C. Stevens : I nominate for third Vice-President, Mr. Wilbur. Mr. Wilbur : I beg to decline. I am an amateur, as yet, in this business, and I don't like to take the place of old veterans. The Chairman : There is no other nomination, and Mr. Wilbur will have to accept. There being no other nomination, the Secretary cast the vote of the Asso- ciation for Mr. D. F. Wilbur, of Oneonta, N. Y., and he was declared elected third Vice-President. A Member : I nominate Mr. Martin L. Sweet, the present incumbent, for fourth Vice-President. There being no other nomination, the Secretary cast the vote of the Asso- ciation for Mr. Martin L. Sweet, of Grand Rapids, Mich., and he was declared elected fourth Vice-President. Mr. W. J. Smith : I nominate Mr. W. J. Powell as one of the Directors for three years. Mr. W. J. Powell : All who have had anything to do with the Board know that Mr. Yeomans is a man who ought not to be left off the Board, and I therefore nominate Mr. L. T. Yeomans as one of the Directors. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : I suppose it is understood that Mr. Singerly will hardly meet with us, therefore I would nominate in his place as one of the Directors, Mr. Edgar Huidekoper, who comes from the same state. Mr. C. W. Horr : The partiality of the members present, much against my own wish, has elected me President for the next year in place of my 4 50 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE \^March, esteemed friend Mr. Dutcher. I therefore resign my position as a Director, and I take great pleasure in nominating as my successor, Mr. Dutcher. There being no other nominations, the Secretary cast tlie vote of the Asso- ciation for Messrs. W. J. Powell, L. T. Yeomans, Edgar Huidekoper, and J. B. Dutcher, for Directors, and they were declared duly elected. A Member : I nominate our esteemed and worthy member, Mr. W. Brown Smith, for Treasui^er. There being no other nomination, the Secretary of the Association cast the ballot of the Association for Mr. W. Bi'own Smith, of Syracuse, N. Y., and he was declared elected Treasurer. A Member : For Superintendent of Advanced Registration, I take great pleasure in moving the renomination of Mr. S. Hoxie. There being no other nomination, the Secretary cast the ballot of the Association for Mr. S. Hoxie, and he was declared elected Superintendent of Advanced Registration. A Member : I move that Mr. Thomas B. Wales be renominated as Secre- tary and Editor ; and I ask the Chairman to cast the ballot of the Association for Mr. Wales. There being no other nomina,tion, the Chairman cast the ballot of the Association for Mr. Thomas B. Wales, and he was declared elected Secretary and Editor. The Chairman : Is there any other business before the meeting? Mr. E. A. Powell : Unfortunately our retiring President is not with us to-day. He is in California, I believe, in search of health. It is due to him — and I know that I only reflect the sentiment of all who have been associated with him when I move that we tender him a vote of thanks, as an expression of our appreciation of his services in the past year in behalf of this Association. The motion was seconded and carried. The Chairman : Is there any other item of business ? Mr. W. J. Smith : If there is nothing else to come before the meeting, I would call the attention of members to the fact that in November most all the stock associations meet in Chicago. There are usually some members of this Association and some breeders who meet there. The fact that there is no particular recognition given by the Association, and the fact that there is no lSp2.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 51 appearance of official action, seems to me to be a disadvantage. Now, if it were possible for us to have those meetings semi-official, or delegate such business to those meetings as could be done there, it strikes me that it would help to keep up the interest of the people, and, in view of the impossibility of getting- our regular annual meetings in the West, that might help us out. On motion, the matter referred to by Mr. Smith was referred to the Board of Officers for their action. The Secretary : I am requested by the Chair to state that there will be a meeting of the new Board in this room immediately after the adjournment of this meeting. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : Is there any more business before the Association ? The Chairman : No, sir. Mr. Yeomans : Then I move that when we adjourn it be to meet in Rochester. Mr. W. J. Smith : I would like to inquire whether the time of meeting can be changed without notice having been previously given. The Secretary : No, sir. Mr. W. J. Smith: For one, I am decidedly opposed to holding the meeting at this particular time of the year. The Secretary : The charter fixes it for March. Mr. BURRELL : I move, as an amendment to Mr. Yeomans' motion, that we meet in New York City next year. Mr. E. A. Powell : I want to call your attention to the fact that at Syracuse we had the largest meeting we have ever held. People can get there easier than they can get to any other place ; and, then, we are always glad to see you. We will be most happy to have you come there next year, and I feel pretty safe in assuring you that you will have a larger attendance than if you meet at any other point. Mr. W. .J. Smith : I would like to make an amendment, and that is, that in view of the appointment of this committee, if it is found possible to arrange so that we can legally meet outside of the state, that the meeting next year be held at Chicago ; and if we cannot meet there, at whatever place they may agree upon. 52 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE \_March, Mr. HoRR : I move that we instruct our committee to have the charter stipulate that we meet on the second Wednesday in December, instead of meet- ing in March. Mr. W. J. Smith : No ; let us make it in November, the time of the fat stock shows. Mr. L. T. Yeomans : I would prefer that we make it in June. Mr. HORR : Well, make it the third Wednesday in November, and if we cannot get a national charter, then let Mr. E. A. Powell be appointed a com- mittee of one to try and get our present charter amended. Mr. E. A. Powell : No ; we have one committee on that charter business already. The Chairman : Well, gentlemen, we have any number of motions be- fore the house. Mr. F. C. Stevens : I desire to call the attention of the members to the advantages that Buffalo presents over any other city in the state of New York. It is more accessible, by far, to western members, and it is just as accessible to those coming from the south or east, and the hotel facilities are far superior to those of any city in the state outside of New York. Conse- quently, if we are not able to meet in Chicago, I suggest that we meet in Buffalo. Mr. Neilson : I am in favor of that. Mr. W. .J. Powell : I think this is all premature. This committee is going to report to us, as I understand it. They may accept a charter that we would not have at all, and certainly whatever they do must be submitted to the Association for approval. So it seems to me entirely premature to vote on any other place, or under any other charter, than our present charter. If the com- mittee succeeds in getting a charter that we will accept, then let us adopt it, but certainly not until then. The western members are the very ones who have always insisted upon coming to the city of New York. They say they can come here easier than they can come to Buffalo, and it is more convenient, because they generally have other business here. It seems to me that New York City is preferable to any other place that has been suggested in the state, and we know that the hotel accommodations are much better here. Mr. Henry Stevens : Mr. Chairman, here we have been trying for a long time to get a new charter so as to make it more convenient for our western breeders, and now we are about to vote to hold our next meeting /Sgs.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 53 just as far away from them as we can get it. Why not hold the meeting" as far west as we can ? I have had a great many communications from the west, and they are verj' much dissatisfied with the course this Association has taken. I thinlv we should do all we can towards reconciling them, and I think one of the most important things is to earrj' the next meeting of this Association as far west as we can get it. Mr. A. W. Brown : I agree with Mr. Stevens. I have seen a number of influential breeders in the west, and they say just as sure as we keep holding this meeting in New York they will have a new Association. Now, lam in favor of holding it somewhere in the western part of the state. I think Dunkirk would be a good place. That is about in the extreme west. There are good hotels in most any of these cities. Mr. Henry Stevens : It does not take much of a hotel to accornmodate the members who attend these meetings. Mr. HORR : I think there is a strong desire on the part of the western people to have the charter amended, but I must say that my observation is that most of the members would rather come to New York than to any other place. We prefer to come to New York for various reasons. Many of us have other business that calls us here. Buffalo, and Rochester, and Syracuse are nice places enough, but we never go there. I know we sometimes send to Syracuse for salt, but it isn't necessary for us to go there to order it. We can do that by correspondence. I think you will find that there is hai'dly a western man who does not like to come to New York. Speaking- as an Ohio man, we don't want those little interior villages in York state to capture a thing we can 't have in Cleveland. We don 't object to being beaten by New York, but we do object to having those little towns get the best of us. I am in favor of coming to New York until we can get a charter that will enable us to meet at Chicago, Cleve- land, Cincinnati, or St. Louis ; and when that time arrives, then I will be in favor of meeting in one of those places. I have great confidence in the work we are going to get from this committee consisting of Mr. Stevens and Mr. Brooks. I have already made up in my mind a letter that I will send to Sena- tor Sherman on the subject, seeking to enlist his aid in the matter of a national charter. So that I believe that we will get a charter such as we want ; but in the meantime let us stick to this city, until we can get out to Cleveland, or some other western place. Mr. E. A. Powell : Where is Cleveland ? Mr. Rltmsey : It 's a little east of Wellington, isn 't it. Brother Horr ? 54 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE \^March, Mr. HORR : Well, if you will give us the annual meeting of this Associa- tion in the Opera House in Wellington, I will guarantee to give you four times as many people in attendance as you gave us in Syracuse. Mr. W. J. PoWELiL : I am sorry to hear anybody talk about western mem- bers and eastern members in this or any other Association. I attend half a dozen Associations in Chicago to one in New Yorlv. I like to go to Chicago. But it seems to me in very bad taste for any of us to talk so much against one single Association out of twenty or more that happens to meet outside of the city of Chicago. I received a letter from a western man who said, "We western members are terribly in earnest about such and such a thing. " Now, it did not concern a vpestern member any more than it did an eastern member. Yet it was all the time this stirring uji of sectional feeling — " we western mem- bers ! " Gentlemen, that is all nonsense. Suppose that I, as a member of some association that meets annually in Chicago under the charter of the state of Illinois, should say, '' If you don 't meet outside of Illinois we men of Penn- sylvania will get up another association." Why, it is ridiculous to talk like that. It belittles every man who indulges in it. Now our charter holds us for the present to the state of New York, and while this is so let us meet in the biggest place in the state. Whoever heard of an Illinois association meet- ing in Springfield ? Why, they always meet in Chicago — the biggest place in the state. The Chairman : Gentlemen, the question is on the amendment proposed by Mr. Stevens, which is that we meet next year in Buffalo. Those in favor of the amendment will say aye. Lost. Mr. E. L. Y^EOMANS : There are two or three amendments, and I believe I started this matter ; but there has been so much said about all these other cities, that I suppose this thing will have to be decided just as it was decided last year. Therefore, if Mr. Wales will kindly tell us where he thinks we had better meet, I will accept his suggestion, and witlidraw my amendment. Mr. HoRR : I move that we hold our next annual meeting in New York City. The motion was seconded arid carried. The Chairman : Mr. Horr, I have been usurping your seat long' enough. Will you kindly take your position as President ? President Horr then took the chair. 1892'] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 55 President Horr : Gentlemen, it was not my desii-e to be elected Presi- dent of this Association, although I esteem it a great honor. I have never had a fancy for sitting in the chair and presiding- over delibei-ations of this or any other kind. I have, as you all know — and as you have had your memories refreshed lately — preferred the floor, and perhaps a little bit too conspic- uously. My temperament is such that it is not easy for me to sit still, whether I have a dignified chair to sit on on the platform, or an undignified one in the audience. It is with some difficulty that I can sit through a long session. I assure you that I bring to this office a sincere desire to treat every member fairly, to promote the interests of our Association to the utmost of my ability, and to conduct myself during the year that I am to be the figure-head of the Association so as to bring no discredit upon the gentlemen whose partiality has put me here. I am zealously in favor of this Association and of all its purposes. I very greatly desire that in our deliberations a spirit of fairness and charity shall always prevail, and I am proud to be a member of this Association. It is always a pleasure to me to bring any of my friends in here, because I do believe that in intelligence, in singleness of purpose, in capabilities for the discharge of the duties that we assume, we are not surpassed by any other stock association in the United States. We have had harmonious deliberations. We have been successful in our meetings. Wehave made as few mistakes, probably, as any other association of a similar character during oar existence. I hope all this will continue, and it certainly shall be my ijurpose as your President to do all I can to promote harmony and to forward the interests of the Association in every respect ; and I ask charity for my ignorance ; and at least that you will give me your confidence so far as my purposes are concerned, and I assure you that I will do the very best I can in the position to which you have elected me ; and I shall take pleasure, if my health permits, when we come together a year from now to prepare some remarks that I hope will be more coherent and better worthy of the presence in which I am speaking. We will now proceed to business. (Applause.) Mr. RUMSEY : Mr. President, if it is in order, the Committee on Resolu- tions .would submit the following report in reference to the death of Mr. Charles Houghton. "At the Annual Meeting of the Holstein-Friesian Association held at New York, March 16th, 1892, it was — '"'' Besolved, That in the death of Mr. Charles Houghton the Association has lost an old and valued member, one who was the first Secretary of the old 56 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, Holstein Association, and for many years identified with tlie best interests of Holstein-Friesian cattle. His character and accomplishments and genial dis- position made him loved and respected by all, and we learn of his death with sincere regret. " Resolved^ That these resolutions be entered on the minutes of the Associa- tion, and a copy be sent to his family. "S. HOXIE, "T. B. Wales, "C. E. RUMSEY, ' ' Committee. ' ' Mr. W. G. Powell : Mr. President, I move that the report of the com- mittee be received with our approval, and the resolutions adopted. The motion was seconded and carried. Mr. G. D. Wheeler : I move that the Secretary be authorized to select the hotel in the city of New York at which the next annual meeting shall be held. The motion was seconded and carried. The President : Gentlemen, is there any other business to be trans- acted ? As there seems to be none, a motion to adjourn will be in order. On motion of Mr. Burrell, the meeting adjourned. Thomas B. Wales, Secretary. SPECIAL MEETING OF THE BOARD OF OFFICERS OF THE Holstein-Friesian Association OF AMERICA, Held at the Va?iderbilt Hotel, Syracuse, New York, Thursday, December loth, i8gi. Present : J. B. Dutcher, John A. Frye, Martin L. Sweet, W. Brown Smith, W. G. Powell, L. T. Yeomans, C. R. Payne, D. H. Burrell, S. Hoxie, Thos. B. Wales. Letters were read from Messrs. C. W. Horr and W. M. Liggett, containing their votes on matters to be acted upon. President J. B. Dutcher, in calling the meeting to order, stated that he had called the Board together to take into consid citation the matter of exhibit- ing our cattle at the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893. The report of the Committee of Five, who were appointed at the last meeting of the Board to visit Chicago, attend the meetings of the National Dairy Association, and consult with the managers of said Exposition, had been submitted by mail to each member, as follows : " To tlie Board of Officers of the Holstein-Friesian Association of America : "Your committee, appointed at the meeting of the Board held in Syracuse N. Y., March 12th, 1891, to confer with the authorities in charge of the dairy and live stock exhibit of the World's Columbian Exposition, beg leave to report as follows : "The undersigned, constituting the full committee, met at the Grand Pacific Hotel, Chicago, Ills., Tuesday, July 28th, 1891, at ten o'clock A. M., and organized, with Hon. J. B. Dutcher as Chairman, and Thos. B. Wales as Sec- retary. The entire day was consumed in the careful consideration of the proposed exhibit of the dairy breeds at the World's Fair, which included a thorough test of the breeds for its entire duration, namely, six months. 58 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, " Letters were read by Mr. E. A. Powell from several prominent breeders, stating that they would not send their cows to Chicago to remain six months. The following- resolution was finally offered by Mr. E. A. Powell, and seconded by Mr. D. H. Burrell, which resolution was adopted : "■ Eesolved, That we recommend the Holstein-Friesian Association, as such, to make no exhibit or tests at the World's Columbian Exposition, but we do recommend that liberal premiums be paid by the Association for prizes won by animals of the Holstein-Friesian breed. "By invitation of the Columbian Dairy Association, your committee met with that body at the Sherman House, Chicago, Ills., on Wednesday, July 29th, 1891, and Thursday, July 30th, 1891, attending both day and evening sessions. " It was the endeavor of your committee to show to said Association the impracticability of a six months' test of dairy cows confined in sheds that could in any way be of value to the public or to the breeder. In this endeavor we were but in part successful, as will be shown later on in the report. " The Hon. W. I. Buchanan, Chief of the Agricultural Bureau of the World's Columbian Exposition, under whose charge will be the dairy exhibit, learning that your committee was in session in Chicago, invited them to confer with him at his office upon matters pertaining to said exhibit, which invita- tion was accepted. "• Plans of the World's Fair, including those for the dairy exhibit, were inspected, and an interesting interview was had, during which Mr. Buchanan requested your committee to put in writing what they would agree to do towards carrying out the plans of his department for a dairy school, which would include a thorough test of all the dairy breeds. "The following was formulated by your committee, agreed to by each member, and presented to Mr. Buchanan : " ' Chicago, Ills., July 29th, 1891. " ' Hon. W. I. Buchanan., Chief Department of Agriculture., WorldPs Columbian Exposition. " ' Dear Sir : First. The Holstein-Friesian Association will furnish twenty- five grade Holstein-Friesian cows for a period of six months, if required, to supply milk for the working dairy, and also to compete for premiums, if you so decide. " ' Second. The Holstein-Ffiesian Association will also supply registered Holstein-Friesian cows to compete for premiums with pui'e-breds of other breeds, for the one-day, the seven-day, and the thirty-day tests, such tests to commence not earlier tha,n September 10th, 1893. /Sg2.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 59 " ' 2'liird. The tests, whether of grades or pure breds, to include the value of all the products of the cows, in accordance with the resolutions adopted at a meeting of representatives of various breeds of pure-bred cattle, held at the Sherman House, Chicago, Ills., July 29th, 1891. ^ ' Fourth. The daily rtcord of the milk and its value, of all grades, for the entire period shall be accurately kept and recorded during the said six months, and the value of the milk of the pure-breds for the term during the test of same shall also be accurately kept and recorded. ' " ' Fifth. The foi'egoing propositions are submitted in their entirety.' "• This communication was attached to the communication by Mr. Bu- chanan to the World's Columbian Dairy Association. "• The Columbian Dairy Association, notwithstanding the recommendation of your committee, voted to have a four months' test of the dairy breeds during the six months' exhibit. "Your Committee used evei^y endeavor to the end that shorter tests be agreed upon, but were not successful. Your committee did, however, insist upon the chemical analysis of all milk in all tests, and this plan was finally agreed upon. " The only Herd-Book Association or Cattle Club that has pledged cows for the test is the American Jersey Cattle Club, although individual breeders of the Red-Polled, Devon, Short-Horn, Brown-Swiss, Ayrshire, and Guernsey cattle promised their cows for the six months' exhibit and the four months' test. " Respectfully submitted for your consideration, and for such action as you may deem advisable. Signed: " J. B. Dutcher. " E. A. Powell. "C. W. HORR. " d. h. burrell. "Thos. B. Wales." Mr. Dutcher, chairman of said committee, also made a verbal statement to the Board of the doings of said committee. ( A complete stenographic report of which is on file. ) The question coming up as to whether the Holstein-Friesian Association, as such, should make an exhibit of cattle at Chicago in 1893, it was voted that it was not expedient to do so. It was, however, agreed that the Association should offer liberal induce- ments to breeders to exhibit their cattle at said Exposition, and that the Asso- 60 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [Marcfi, elation should see to It that the breed was properly represented, and to this end it was voted that the Secretary issue a circular-letter to breeders stating that, provided rules to govern the dairy exhibit and tests were satisfactory to the Association, it would pay to the owner of each cow accepted by a commit- tee of the Association for said exhibition and tests, fifty dollars to cover ex- penses of transportation to and from said Fair, and a bonus of fifty dollars, making one hundred dollars for each head ; also , that liberal cash premiums for the winning cows would be offered, all risks to be taken by the owners of the cattle. Messrs. L. T. Yeomans, E. A. Powell and Thomas B. Wales were made a committee to decide whether or not a sufficient number of suitable cows were offered for the dairy exhibit and tests. The Secretary read the i-ules to govern the dairy exhibit and tests pro- posed by a committee made up of representatives of the different dairy breeds, the National Dairy Association, and the State Experimental Stations, which rules were to be presented to Hon. W. I. Buchanan, Chief of the Department of Agriculture of the World 's Columbian Exposition, for his approval and endorsement. These proposed rules were not considered altogether satisfac- tory to the meeting, inasmuch as they did not correspond with agreements entered into by the representatives of the different breeds held in Chicago on July 29th, 1891. Therefore a committee of two, composed of Mr. D. H. Burrell and Thomas B. Wales, was appointed to visit Chicago and confer with Mr. Buchanan in regard to them whenever a sufficient number of cows had been offered to warrant the Association in continuing its efforts for a proper showing of the breed in the dairy department of the Exposition in 1893. The following gentlemen were admitted to membership in the Association : D. F. Wilbur Oneonta, New York. W. W. CoOLEY Aspen, Colorado. Sets of Herd-Books were voted to the Boston Public Library, the North Carolina College of Agriculture, the Vermont Agricultural Experiment Sta- tion, and the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. The Board adjourned at 12 o'clock midnight. Thomas B. Wales, Secretary. MEETING OF THE BOARD OF OFFICERS OF THE Holstein-Friesian Association OF AMERICA, Held at the Murray Hill Hotel, New York, March i^th, i8g2. The meeting was called to order by Secretary Wales at 3 P. M. Tvesmt : W. G. Powell, D. H. Burrell, G. D. Wheeler, C. W. Horr, C. R. Payne, L. T. Yeomans, W. B. Smith, and Thomas B. Wales. On motion, Mr. W. G. Powell presided as Chairman. Mr. S. Hoxie offered the following amendment to the rules for advanced registi'y, in relation to the requirement of pure butter fat : " A cow shall also be eligible to this registr-y on a record of pure butter fat determined by a composite test of samples of her milk taken from each and every milking for a period of seven consecutive days. The sample in every instance to be taken from the whole milking after it is thoroughly stirred and mixed. This composite test shall be determined by the Babcock, or other equally accurate apparatus or method, approved by the Association of Official Agricultui'al Chemists. The total amount of milk given during this period shall be multiplied by the jjer cent of pure butter fat thus found, and the product shall be the record. The requirement for entry on such a record of pure butter fat shall be eighty-three and one-third per cent of the requirement for the entry of marketable butter of a cow of the same age. Full particulars shall be given and affidavits made, as in the case of a milk or marketable butter record." Mr. L. T. Yeomans : I second the amendment. Carried. 62 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE {^March., The Board resolved to recommend to the annual meeting as follows : "That the By-Laws be so amended as to discontinue the payment of bounties for bulls slaughtei-ed or castrated. "That the By-Laws be so amended as to discontinue printing the descrip- tions of the markings of animals in the Herd-Book." (This was adopted by a vote of six to two.) " That no change be made in the transfer fees. " That an addition to the By-Laws be made providing for the appointment of three members who shall constitute an Auditing Committee. " That a committee of three be appointed to obtain, if possible, a new charter under which the Association could hold annual meetings in any state where members reside. " That no appropriation be made for the Holstein-Frlesian Begister.'''' On motion of Mr. L. T. Yeomans, the salary of Inspectors was fixed at $6 per day and expenses, instead of $8. On motion of Mr. W. Brown Smith, the Board fixed the salary of the Treasurer at $150, instead of $250. On motion of Mr. Burrell, the Board fixed the salary of the Superintendent of the Advanced Registry at $750. Adjourned to Wednesday, March 16th, 1892, at 10 A. M. ADJOURNED MEETING OF THE BOARD OF OFFICERS. Wednesday, March 16th, 1892. The Board of Officers met at 10 A. M. The same members present as before. On motion of Mr. Horr, the salary of the Secretary was fixed at $2,500. Mr. L. T. Yeomans presented the following letter, which had been received from President J. B. Dutcher : " East Pasadena, Cal., March 6th, 1892. " 2b the Board of Officers of the Holstein-Friesian Association: " Gentlemen : I regret my inability to be present at the next meeting of your Board, as well as the annual meeting of the Association, on the 16th inst. Before leaving home on account of illness I was prevented from preparing an iSpS.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 63 address to be read at the next meeting of the Association, and had lioped when I arrived here I mig-lit find at this hotel a stenographer, which would enable me to prepare a paper containing some of my views to be read at the annual meeting. No stenographer can be obtained, and my present state of health Avill not admit of my undertaking the task without such assistance, besides the time is limited, and a delay of one day might prevent its reaching you in time. I have, however, enclosed some slips containing my request to be voted on several matters coming before your Board. Believing, as I do, that more rigid economy should be observed in disbursing the funds of the Association, and at the same time measures taken to obtain more revenue. Unless one or both of these systems are adopted, our Association will soon be bankrupt. I leave the matter entirely in your hands, believing that every member of the Board feels the same interest that I do in having our Association stand finan- cially as strong as any other cattle breeders' association in the United States. " I hope all your deliberations may be conducted in harmony, and no dissentions of any nature be permitted to prevail, and that your actions may all tend to the advancement and welfare of the Association. "I am, gentlemen, very truly yours, J. B. Dutchek." On motion of Mr. Horr, the Board resolved to unanimously recommend to the annual meeting that all reasonable economy be practiced in the reduction of expenses during the next year. On motion, the Board adjourned. Thomas B. Wales, Secretary. MEETING OF THE BOARD OF OFFICERS OF THE Holstein-Friesian Association OF AMERICA, Held at the Murray Hill Hotel, New York, March i6th, i8g2. The meeting was called to order by President C. W. Horr at 5 o'clock P. M. Present : C. W. Horr, M. L. Sweet, W. G. Powell, S. Hoxie, C. R. Payne, D. H. Burrell, Edgar Huidekoper, and Thomas B. Wales. The Secretary : I have an application from Mr. W. M. Benninger, of Walnutport, Penn., for membership, and he is recommended by Mr. F. C. Stevens. INIr. W. G. Powell : I move that he be admitted to membership. The motion was seconded and carried. Mr. W. J. Smith appeared before the Board and urged that the Board appoint two members to attend the Live-Stock Association meeting in Chicago, and that this Association become a member of the same. Mr. D. H. Burrell : I move that this Association vote $50 for this mem- bership, and that our President name the two delegates, and that the Secre- tary be authorized to do the necessary correspondence. The motion was seconded and carried. The Preshdent : I will appoint as such delegates Mr. W. J. Smith and Mr. William M. Liggett. Mr. S. Hoxie : I move that all of the old Inspectors be re-elected, and Prof. G. W. Curtis, of College Station, Texas, and Mr. C. F. Hunt, of Denver, Colorado. The motion was seconded and carried. 5 66 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [Marc/l, Mr. L. T. Yeomans : I move that one thousand copies of the proceedings of our annual meeting this year be printed and distributed by the Secretary. The motion was seconded and carried. On motion it was voted to meet at 2 o'clock P. M. on the afternoon jjre- ceding the next annual meeting. Thomas B. Wales, Secretary. ADJOURNED MEETING OF THE BOARD OF OFFICERS OF THE Holstein-Friesian Association OF AMERICA, Held at the Murray Hill Hotel, New York, March lyth, i8g2. The meeting was called to oi'der by President C. W. Horr at 9:30 o'clock A. M, Present : C. W. Horr, G. D. Wheeler, D. F. Wilbur, W. Brown Smith, S. Hoxie, W. G. Powell, L. T. Yeomans, Edgar Huidekoper, D. H. Burrell, C. R. Payne, and Thomas B. Wales. Secretary Wales : I have here an application for membership of Mr. E. B. Sanford, of Warwick, N. Y. The President : If there is no objection, a motion that the gentleman be admitted to membership will be in order. A motion to this effect was made, and Mr. Sanford was declared elected a member of the Association. On motion of Mr. D. H. Burrell, Mr. Hoxie was instructed to use his best endeavors, in his discretion, in promoting the matter of Advanced Registry. The Preshdent : Gentlemen, the next business before us is to take up the set of rules governing the dairy exhibit at the Columbian Exposition, and endeavor to arrange them in such a way that they will be satisfactory to our Association. Mr. W. G. Powell : I would suggest that the best way to accomplish that is to refer the matter to a committee. The President : That was my idea at first, but after talking with the members of our Board, the general desire seems to be that we should discuss them thoroughly in this meeting. 68 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE [March, Mr. L. T. Yeomans : I move that we appoint Mr. Burrell, Mr. E. A. Powell, and our Secretary as a committee, and empower them to take the mat- ter in charge and revise these rules which have been sent to us by Mr Buchanan. Secretary Wales : I should like to amend that motion by leaving Mr. Wales off the committee. I do not think that I had better undertake the matter. Mr. D. H. Burrell : Gentlemen, my idea is that we should discuss these rules fully in the Board meeting. I do not think anything would be gained by referring the matter to a committee. I would therefore move, as an amendment to Mr. Yeoman 's motion, that we take up the rules sent to us by Mr. Buchanan and discuss them seriatim, and make such amendments thereto as in our judgment we think proper. Mr. Yeomans : For the purpose of having the rules thoroughly dis- cussed, I will withdraw my motion, and then we can postpone the question of a committee until later on. The President : I hardly think a motion is necessary, and I believe that we can take up these rules and discuss them, and make any amendments that we think necessary, and then we can appoint a committee to try and have them adopted by the authorities in charge of this branch of the exposition. Therefore the Secretary will please read the rules sent to us by Mr. Buchanan, and then we can take them up seriatim and discuss them and amend them. The rules proposed by Mr. Buchanan, Chief of the Department of Agriculture of the World's Columbian Exposition, and sent to this Association for approval or amendment, were read in full by the Secretary, after which they were taken up by sections and each section agreed to or amended by vote of the Board. The President then stated that the Chair was ready now to entertain a motion on the subject of the appointment of the committee. Mr. Yeomans : I move that the old committee be continued with the addition of our President and Mr. Dutcher. Mr. Wheeler : I second that motion. The President : Then the motion is, that a committee be appointed consisting of Mr. Dutcher, Mr. E. A. Powell, Mr. Wales, Mr. Burrell, and myself ? Mr. Yeomans : Yes, sir. /8p2.] HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION. 69 The PRESroENT : Those in favor of the motion will signify it in the usual manner. Carried. On motion of Mr. Yeomans, seconded by Mr. Huidekoper, the committee were authorized and instructed to act as a Committee of Conference with the breeders of other cattle, and to invite their co-operation in the endeavor to secure the rules I'ecommended by this Association. On motion of Mr. Yeomans, the committee were instructed that if they find that they cannot get any modification of the rules submitted by Mr. Buchanan, so as to give this Association other tests than simply for butter alone, that the committee are authorized to state that this Association will decline to make any exhibit. On motion of Mr. Yeomans, the committee were also instructed that if they can secure all the other conditions, such as in their judgment are fair and equitable, and such as in their belief this Board wishes, that the limit of time shall not be an obstacle to the exhibit. Secretary Wales stated that the plate from which the letter heads of the Association were printed was worn out, and that in his opinion a new and proper plate would cost in the neighborhood of $75, and asked what action the Board would take with respect to the same. On motion of W. Brown Smith, the Secretary was authorized to use his own discretion in the matter of procuring an appropriate plate. The Board adjourned at 6 o'clock P. M. Thomas B. "Wales, Secretary. y *0r Y^>. v*^<»^ /^^ i rf'ir'V^,, ^^x A -' /^N,.^,, >rf^*i. ^ ', ^ *v 1h ^ A %L •># ,. ^I^ Cr .:;: ,:. :V%';-'^^ ? JMT ^^i- :, ■ ■ \/i- ^Jfi >i V ■ •■;( <'>