»!;;;ri;j:;,.;):;:;:';^:K''\i.:: v^ iji::i-'i\}\>t">'.fO'^ ■•'''- ■■■■'■ FOR THE PEOPLE FOR EDVCATION FOR SCIENCE LIBRARY OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY i.H PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL, The Honorary pECf\ETAi\iEs, JANUARY TO DECEMBER, 1890. CALCUTTA : PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57 PARK STREET. 1891. CONTENTS. — ♦ — Proceedings for January 1890 Ditto for February „ (including Annual Report Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto for ]\Iarch for April for May for June for July for August for November for December Pages 1—14 15—134 135—146 147—158 159—174 175—188 189—198 199—218 219—240 241—248 List of Members of the Asiatic Society on the 31st December 1889 (Appendix to Proceedings for February) ... i — xvi Abstract Statement of Receipts and Disbursements of the Asiatic Society for the year 1889 (Appendix to the Pro- ceedings for February) ... ... ...xvii — xxvii LIST OE PLATES. V I. — Tibetan Zodiac... ... ... ... (p- 2) V II. — Inscription from a stone at Mudgal-Asrama, Mungir (p. 191) VlII. — Leaves from a birch bark manuscript found near Kuchar ... -.. ... ... (p. 223) \ IV. — The " Manik-Tham " monolith of the Puraniya dis- trict ... ... ... ... (p. 243) PROCEEDINGS OP THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL, For January, 1890. The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Beno-al was held on Wednesday the 1st January, 1890, at 9 P. M. Colonel J, Waterhouse, President, in the chair. The following members were present : Babii Saratchandra Das, S. R, Elson, Esq., Babu Bhupendra Sri Ghosha, Dr. Hoernle, W. A. Lee, Esq., C. Little, Esq., Babu Asutosh Mukhopadhyay, L. de Niceville, Esq. The minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. Sixteen presentations "were announced, details of which are given in the Library List appended. The following gentleman, duly proposed and seconded at the last meeting of the Society, was ballotted for and elected an Ordinary Member. Thakur Suraj Buhksh Singh. The following gentlemen are candidates for election at the next meeting. A. Venis, Esq., M. A., Professor, Queen's College, Benares, proposed by Dr. G. Thibaut, seconded by Dr. Hoernle. A. Goodeve Chuckerbutty, Esq., B. C. S., proposed by J. Crawfurd, Esq., seconded by C. Little, Esq. The Secretary i^eported the death of Colonel Sir Heniy Yule R. E., K. C. I. E., an Honorary Member of the Society. 2 Babu Saratc-handra Dk^-Tihefan Zodiac. U^^- XT „„ i,oa P^nrpssed a wish to withdraw irova The following gentleman has expiesseu the Society. J. W. Chambers, Esq. BXBI5 Sakatchakdka DXs exhibited two Tibetan -naments of soap- Stone with carved representation of the Tibetan s.gns of the Zodxac, fnd gave a descriptive account of the Zodiac. (Wxth a plate.) THE ORIGIN OF THE WORLD. AND the art of divination and the signs of the zodiac of the Tibetans. Text. PLATE 1. •oceedinga, As. Soc, Bengal, 1890. THE TIBETAN-ZODIAC. 1890.] Babu Saratchandra Dag — Tibetan Zodiac. 3 NO pj'^-2?|3^'if ^•:^':§Sv I a'y5'(^t=^%f^'Ygq I (Yaid{irya Karpo.) NO O NO Translation. In the beginning, what existed from eternity, in nothingness, was called the Tortoise. The Buddhas of the past, present and future sprang out of him. The three worlds, and all the animal beings also, originated from that eternal tortoise. Time, without the distinction of past, present, and future, was in him and the whole universe rested be- tween his head and tail. From the vapour of his mouth arose the seven atmospheric strata (which encompass the earth), and gradually the sphere of azure space, and thereafter Sivastika, the emblem of the divine cross, were formed. From the saliva of that primeval tortoise sprang forth the oceans ; and from his flesh were formed the lofty mountains, the islands, and the great continents having trees for their hair. His head pointed to tbe south, his tail to the north and his four limbs sti'etched towards the four corners of the world. His white back shaped the old father heaven, called Khen, wherein rested the Bevaloha (celestial regions) with the mansions of the gods :-Mahadeva, Brahma, and angels of pure habits, who j)ossessed the fourfold organs of sense. The celestial regions were formed above, and Birab, the sublime mountain, stood below, holding the mansions of the thirty- three Devas and of the gods of the Paranirmdnarataya on its top. On the flanks of liirab, there resid- ed the four guardian spirit-kings of the world, together with the sun and moon, the planets and stars. The sun and moon sprang from the eyes of the great tortoise. From the sound of his throat issued the dragon's peal of tbunder and from his outstretched tongue flashed forth lightning which, produced thunderbolts and hailstorms. From his breath originated the wind, the five internal essences, and the five physical elements. When he shook his body there was earthquake. 4 Babu Saratchandra Das — Tibetan Zodiac. [Jan. From the yellow belly of the tortoise sprang the old mother earth, called Ehon, whose bowels held ndgaloha, the nether world. Explanations. The heaven and earth united together at the horizon and gave birth to three sons and three daughters : — 1st son was called Gin, which means mountain. 2nd son „ „ Bva „ „ iron. 3rd son „ „ Kliam „ „ water. 1st daughter was called Sson, which means wind. 2nd daughter ,, „ Li „ „ fire. 3rd daughter ,, ,, Ssin „ „ tree. Hence sprang forth the eight great elements of this world viz. : — Heaven, earth, mountain, iron, water, wind, fire and tree, which were called " Parkha hrgjad " and believed by the Tibetans to be the most potent factors of human destiny. The Tibetans evidently derived their knowledge of the origin of the world from the Chinese, who believed that heaven was the father, and earth the mother of the universe, though the latter may have had a diiferent version of the story of the great tortoise. The idea that the great tortoise was the primeval source from which the first parents — heaven and earth,' — originated was probably conceived from the semi- spherical appearance of the heaven, which appeared to the unthinking herdsmen of Tibet as resting on the earth at the horizon, and these, when combined together, resembled the body of a tortoise — a moving house with life inside. The earth was, therefore, called Sa-gishi, or the terrestrial basis. The art of divination is said to have been first discovered by the Chinese from some curious figures which existed on the breast of a certain yellow tortoise captured in the river of Honan. Whatever may be the Chinese mode and arrangement for calculating and drawing the for- tunes of individuals from these marks, thus far it is certain, that the Tibetans have shaped Nag-tse, their own art of divination, with Chi- nese materials, obtained from the archives of the great Tang dynasty, to suit their peculiar superstition, and borrowed religion which they had obtained from India at the same period. The manner in which they ascertain the auspicious and inauspicious periods of time, and directions for the purpose of setting out on a journey, and also for making offerings to gods and demons, is very simple. In the figures described on the breast of the great toi'toise, which is supposed to lie upon its back, there are eighty-nine mansions, inclusive of the central square which encloses the little tortoise. 1890.] Babii Sai-atcliandra Das — Tibetan Zodiac. 5 These eiglity-nine mansions are divided as follows — Eight Parkha, or factors of luck, which are distinguished by the technical names of Khen, KJwn, Gin, Dva, Kliain, 8son, Li, and Ssin, are supposed to exist at the eight points of the compass, beginning with the south, which is always placed at the top. A particular Parlcha is supposed to belong to every individual in every particular year, which may be determined by counting, in rotation, from right to left, always beginning with the top Parlcha called Li 1. For instance a person aged 5, 13, 21, 29, 37 or 45 will have Ivliam for his parkha in the present year 1890, another individual aged 4, 12, 20, 28, 36, 44, 52, will have khen for his par^Tia in the year 1890. Each of these ^arA;7irt. is surrounded by eight sub-mansions situated in eight directions round it, which are sujDposed to contain four auspici- ous and four inauspicious articles — Svastilca (sacred emblem of cross), a gem, JDorje (thunderbolt), S'rwatsa (the emblem of love), \;ind a human limb, five circles, symbolical of five devils, a wedge and a club, respectively. When one has to start on a journey or expedition, he should avoid the directions of the four inauspicious mansions. If he has to propitiate any evil sj^irit he should throw the offerings intended for him towards the in- ausjaicious directions. If he has to worship a friendly spirit or tutelary deity he should place his offerings towards the mansion which contains one of the five auspicioiis objects. The sixteen mansions that surround the central square of the figure, are occupied by the four principal elements of the Tibetans, — fire, iron, water and air. They are placed at the four cardinal points of the com- pass, and have the twelve signs : — mouse, ox, tiger, hare, dragon, ser- pent, horse, sheep, monkey, cock, dog, and pig — called Lolchor chiiiii, or the animals by which the years of the cycle of twelve years are designated. The little tortoise (which is placed at the centre) represents the great tortoise in his celestial form. The nine divisions marked as, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, are called sme-wa dgi\ or the nine passages of exit. They are supposed to contain five spiritual beings in each, be they gods or demons — and are used to ascertain the state of existence an individual had in past, or will have in future life. The system of astronomy and chronology formed on the Indian principle is called " Kar-tsi." Astrological calculations, especially the black art, and the mode of reckoning years, in the Chinese manner, are denominated by, the Tibetans as " Nak-tsi." The most common method of reckoning time among the people at large in Tibet, generally in calculating the yeai-s or in determining the 1. Tag-lo (tiger-year). 2. 3. Dug-lo (dragon-year). 4. 5. Ta-lo (horse-year). 6. 7. Te-lo (monkey-year). 8. 9. Khyi-lo (dog-year). 10. 11. Ohi-lo (monse-year) . 12. G Babn SaratcLandra Das — Tibetan Zodiac. ■ [Jan. age of individuals, is the cycle of twelve years, in wLicli each year is denominated from a certain animal of the twelve signs in the following order : To-lo (hare-year). Dnl-lo (serpent-year). Lug-lo (sheep- year). Chya-lo (cock year). Phag-lo- (pig-year) . Lang-lo-(ox-year). These twelve signs, in combination with the twelve signs of the zodiac, are also employed in reckoning the twelve months of the year. Thas the new year of the Tibetans commences with the Tiger and is called JSorda-tang-po. The common saying with the people is Horda- tang-po Tag-gi-da, the first month of the year is Tiger's-month. Chyi-da-ra-wa (the Spring season). First month Tag-gi-da- wa (tiger-month). Middle „ Yo-gi-da-wa (hare-month). Last „ Dug-ki-da-wa (dragon-month). Yar-ra-wa (Summer season). 4th month is Dul-ki-da-wa (serpent-month). 5th „ Ta-da-wa (horse-month). 6th „ Lug-da-wa (sheep-month). Ton-ra-wa (Autumn Season). 7th „ Tel-da-wa (monkey-month). 8th „ Chya-da-wa (cock-month). 9th ,, Khyi-da-wa (dog-month), Gun-da-rawa (Winter season). 10th „ Phag-da-wa (i^ig-month). 11th „ Chi-da-wa (mouse-month). 12th „ Lang-da-wa (ox-nionth). These signs are also used in reckoning every two hours of the day called " DH-c7J?oi" commencing from the dawn called " TJwrang." The time between 3 to 5 A. M. is called the hours of the Tiger. The time of the hours of the break of day is called Nam lang and that of Nivia shar, is called the hours of the hare which is really the beginning of the day. The dawn consequently comes at the end of these twelve divisions. They are as follows : 1. Nam-lang, daybreak. 2. Nimashar, sun-rise. "Yo"-hare Dug, dragon. 1890.] Dr. Hoernle— •Forged Sih ver Bamtinki. 3. Ni-toi, morning. (Dul-serpent), 4. ]^i-chhe, noon, Ta, horse. 5. Chhe-yol, afternoon. Lug, sheep. 6. N'i-myur, evening. Tel, monkey. 7. Ni-nub, sunset, Chya, cock. 8. Sa-soi, dusk. Khyi, dog. 9. Soi-khor, fore-night or ■ what 10. Nam-chhe, midnight, is called the devil's hour Chi-wa, mouse. Phag, pig. 11. Chhe-yol, after-night. Lang, ox. 12. Thorang, the dawn. Tag, tiger. The days of the month are also reckoned by means of these twelve signs, which occur in rotation. These twelve signs are also supposed to preside over the twelve directions or Chhog-cJmni, which correspond with the twelve points of the compass. These twelve signs are of the utmost importance to the astrologer in determining the auspicious hours, directions, and conjunctions of the Nakshatras, or stars for marriage, and in reckoning the age and pei-iod of longevity of individuals. The Philological Secretary exhibited a forged silver Eamtinki presented to the Society by Raja Sivaprasad of Benares, through Raja Rajendralala Mitra. Dr. Hoernle observed that the coin was undoubtedly a forgery, the surface showing clear traces of the rough surface of the mould in which it was cast. The obverse showed four figures in a line, placed on a platform, on the left Rama seated on a throne, beside him Sita, Lakshman, and an attendant holding an umbrella, all three standing ; round the margin the legend TW ^ ofR^t '^ ^W?«r ^. The Reverse showed the figure of Hanuman, cai-rying a club and standing on a platform ; by his side, to the right and left, two plants ; round the margin the legend '^^??T«r ^. The legends are in modern Nagai'i character and distinctly legible. The original gold coin must have been a modern piece. The following papers were read — 1. Natural Historij notes from H. M.'s Indian Marine Survey Steamer '^ Investigator," Commander Alfred Carpenter, R. N"., D. S. 0. Commanding, — No. 14. Observations on the gestation of some Sharks and Bays. — By A. Alcock, M. B., Surgeon Nattiralist to the Marine Survey. The paper will be published in full in the Journal, Part XL 8 H. James Rainey — Barisal Gtms. [Jan. 2. Wote on the Barisal Guns, the existence of volcanic vents in the direction of those sounds. — By H. James Rainey. I find that Mr. Mansou, in his letter embodied in extenso in the Sub- Committee's initial Report on the aforesaid curious phenomena, states : — " At page 8 of the pamphlet of Col. Waterhouse I see a mistake made by Mr. Rainey there quoted concerning an ' active volcanic train ' which is supposed to run up and down this coast. There is nothing volcanic anywhere near, but no doubt Mr. Rainey is thinking of the burning springs in the Sita Kund range, and the so-called Mud Volcanoes of Ramri and Cheduba. These are nothing but the escape of marsh gas," etc. In one of my papers on the ' Barisal Guns,' communicated to the Society as far back as twenty years ago I think,* which in fact elicited the first regular discussion on the subject, I believe I stated that, " an active volcanic train " ran along the eastern coast of the Bay of Bengal, chiefly based on information derived from a Geological Map published, if I remember rightly, in Dr. M'Clelland's Cal. Jour. Nat. His. This statement is substantially correct, and it is evident that Mr. Manson is not aware of the fact, well-known to Geologists, that the ' great Sunda group of volcanic vents,' starting from the eastern islands there, passes throuo-h Java and Sumatra, and extends northward as far as Chittagong. The fact of Mr. Manson designating the veritable mud volcanoes of Ramri and Cheduba as " so-called Mud Volcanoes," shews that, he considers steam mud volcanoes as ' true ' mud volcanoes, and ' gas ' mud volcanoes as ' pseudo ' mud volcanoes, which is a distinction not re- cognised by the general body of Geologists. These mud volcanoes are by no means insignificant, as they are subject to fiery paroxysmal erup- tions, generally synchronous with seismic phenomena, when the flames rise to the height of several hundred feet, probably due to the pre- sence of volatile liquid petroleum hydrocarbons. But, whether the ejecting force is altogether different gases, — not solely marsh gas, or both gases and steam combined, — has not been conclusively established, as stated by Mr. Mallet in his Report on these mud volcanoes. Vide Records., G. S. L, Pt. II, 1878, p. 205. * I may here state that, I am labouring under the disadvantage of writing merely from memory and without the aid of books of reference, owing to the destruction by fire of my rather extensive Library of works on India, and all my manuscript notes on Natural History and other subjects, including my observations on the ' Barisal Guns ' and deductions drawn therefrom, extending over a period of nearly a quarter of a century. 1890.] H. James Rainey — Barisdl Guns. 9 The " burning springs" of, what Mi'. Mansou calls. " the Sita Kund range," is probably not produced by marsh gas, but most likely, as suggested by the learned Director of the Geological Survey of India -with regard to the " Sita Kund " near Monghyr, to " deep seated thermo-dynamic action." As regards the designation " Sita Kund," I may explain that, it is a sort of generic term applied to all natural hot springs in India, and it is derived from a well-known episode chronicled in the great Sanskrit Epic, " the Ramayana:" on the rescue of Sita from the clutches of Ravana, king of Lanka (Ceylon), her consort Rama jealous of her honour, caused her to undergo the ordeal of fire and to prove her chastity, after which she performed her ablution in a spring, which thenceforth became a hot spring. I may add that I have no desire to impugn the correctness of the conclusion arrived at by the Sub-Committee, — "that there is no evidence in favour of volcanic action having caused the sounds ;" and the scientific reputation of Colonel Waterhouse, the Rev. Father Lafont and Mr. Pedler, who are among the melnbers of the Sub-Com- mittee, is a sufficient guarantee that the enquiry will be carefully and cautiously conducted on strictly scientific lines. Bnt, I would suggest that, before finally discarding in foto all considerations of volcanic agency, sub-marine or otherwise, it might be worth while to enquire if similar sounds are heard any where in the proximity of mud volcanoes intimately associated with petroleum beds, scattered in various parts of the globe. I have read in some book, I think in a magazine, pub- lished in the beginning of the present century, that somewhat similar sounds are heard somewhere in China, and have been traced to subter- ranean origin. The mud volcanoes of Java are said to explode in,ost violently during the rainy season, and though Mr. Mallet found the con- trary to be the case as regards Ramri and Cheduba, in one of his Reports, yet it was admittedly on insufficient data. Captain Hannay, quoted by Mr. Mallet, writing of a gas mud volcano connected with petroleum beds in Upper Assam, in Jour. As Soc, B., 1845, says : — " This is indeed a strange looking place, and I am told by the Singphos that at times there is an internal noise as of distant thunder, when it bursts forth suddenly, with a loud report, and then for a time subsides." If sub-marine volcanic action produces explosions on the coast, would the sounds be readily carried inland along the course of the rivers that discharge themselves into the Bay ? Of course this is put forward as nothing more than a mere suggestion, and not advanced as an attempt to build any particular theoxy as to the sounds being of vol- canic origin. 10 H. James Rainey — Barisdl Guns. [Jan. Note hy Dr. W. King. «i The eanse of the Barisal Guns still remains a mystery, and a not unnatural tendency in the enquiry has been to fall back on the line of active and partially quiescent volcanic vents occurring along the eastern coast of the Bay of Bengal, as possibly exhibiting phenomena which might account for these sounds. Any way, Mr. Rainey made no mis- take in referring to " an active volcanic train" along the Arracan Coast ; because the mud exhibitions in the form of cones raised partly by ejections of mud and other materials, with accompanying discharges of steam and luminous gas, must be classed in the categoi'y of volcanoes : while the evidence seems clear that they have extended as far northwards as Chittagong. Whether, however, the sounds accompanying certain features of this line of volcanic action have anything to do with the Barisal Gun sounds or echoes is so far extremely questionable : still a possible connection should not be let fall out of the discussion, and Mr. Rainey 's suggestion as to enquiry regarding sound accompaniment of volcanic phenomena in otter regions might be kept in view. The sounds reported so far as accompanying the paroxysmal dis- charges of the Arracan foci are not, however, so much explosive as rumbling or thunder-like ; which may be attributable to the escape of the conjested material or gases through vents already existing. It is, however, a question with me whether explosive sounds might not arise from the bursting forth of confined gases through sudden openings in a less active, though not necessarily less cumulative, region of this line of vulcanicity ; which region might lie to northward, or even north- westwards of Chittagong. At the same time, the Barisal Guns are perhaps too numerous and apparently rather too much confined to the south central part of the Delta, to fall in with this last suggestion. Mr. W. A. Lee suggested that Seismograph obsei-vations should be taken to decide whether the Barisal guns accompany earth tremors, or not. 1890.] Library. 11 Library. The following additions have been made to the Libraiy since the meeting held in January last. Transactions, Proceedings and Journals, presented by the respective Societies and Editors. Baltimore. Johns Hopkins University, Circulars. Vol. IX, No, 76. Batavia. Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, — Notulen. Deel XXVII, Aflevering, 3. . . Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land-en Volken- kunde. Deel XXXIII, Aflevering 3 and 4. Bombay. The Indian Antiquary. Vol. XVIII, Part CCXXIII, July 1889. Calcutta. Geological Survey of India, — Records. Vol. XXII, Part 4. . Indian Engineering. Vol. VI, Nos. 23 — 26. . Photographic Society of India, — Journal, Vol. II, No. 6, De- cember, 1889, Havre. Societe de Geographic Commerciale du Havre, — Balletin. Septembre — Octobre, 1889. Ithaca. Cornell University, — Library Bulletin. Vol. II, No. 2. Kiew. Societe des Naturalistes de Kiew. — Memoires. Tome X. Li- vrais 1, J889. Leipzig. Der Deutschen Morgenlaadischen Gesellschaft, — Abhandlun- gen. Band IX, Heft. 3. . . Zeitschrift. Band. XLIII, Heft. 3. London. Nature.— Vol. XLI, Nos. 1047—1050, and Index to Vol. XL. . The Academy.— Nos, 916— 919, , The Athenaeum.— Nos. 3239—3241. Mendon. The American Antiquarian and Oriental Journal, — Vol. XI, No. 6. Mexico, Informes y Documentos relatives a Comraercio Interior y Exterior Agricultura, Meneria e Industrias. No. 49, Julio, 1889. Paris, La Societe D'Geographie, — Compte Rendu des Seances. Nos. 13 et 14, 1889. EooKS and Pamphlets, presented by the Authors, Translators, Sfc. Petit, Hon, Framjee Dinshaw. Travels in Europe, America, Japan and China, being a compilation in the Guzrati language, of brief 12 Library. [Jan. notes taken of his voyage to these places from April to Novembei', 1887. 8vo. Bombay, 1889. Rot, Protap Chandra, C. I. E. The Mahabharata, translated into En- glish prose. Part 55. 8vo. Calcutta, 1889. M.ISCELLANEOUS Pl^ESENTATIONS. Nederlandsch-Indisch Plakaatboek, 1602 — 1811, door Mr. J. A. Van der Chijs. Deel VI, 1750—1754. 8vo. Batavia, 1889. Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kdnsten en Wetenschappen, Batavia. Report on the Administration of the Central Provinces for the year 1888-89. Fcp. Nagpur, 1889. Chief Commissioner, Central Provinces. Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office, Part II. — Sanscrit Literature : A. Scientific and Technical Literature, I. Gi^ammar, Lexicography, Prosody, Music. By Julius Eggeling, Ph. D. 4to. London, 1889. Comparative Dictionary of the Bihari Language. Part II, Compiled by A. F. Rudolf Hoernle and George A. Grierson. 4to. Calcutta, 1889. Report on the Land Revenue Administration of the Lovrer Provinces, for the official year 1888-89. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. Report on the Police of the Lovrer Provinces of the Bengal Presidency for the year 1888. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. Resolution reviewing the Reports on the Working of Municipalities in Bengal during the year 1888-89. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. Government of Bengal. Report on the Administration of the Meteorological Department of the Government of India in 1888-89. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. Government of India, Meteor. Department, Annual Returns of the Civil Hospitals and Dispensaries in the Madras Presidency, for the year 1888. Fcp. Madras, 1889. Government of Madras. Monograph of Wood Manufactures in the Punjab, 1887-88. Fcp. Lahore, 1889. Government or Punjab. Annales del Ministerio de Fomento de la Republica Mexicana. Tome. VIII. 8vo. Mexico, 1887, Estudios de Meteorologia Comparada por Mariano Barcena y Miguel Perez. Tome, I. 8vo. Mexico, 1885. Observatorio Mbteorologico, Mexico. 1890.] Library. 13 Proceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada for the year 1888, Vol. VI. 8vo. Montreal, 1889. Royal Society op Canada. Tide Tables for the Indian Ports for the year 1890 (also January 1891), by Lt.-Colonel M. W. Rogers, R. E., and E. Roberts, F. R. A. S., F. S. S. 8vo. London, 1889. Survey of India, Tidal and Levelling Operations. Pei^iodicals Pui^chased. Calcutta. Indian Medical Gazette. — Vol. XXIV, No. 11, November, 1889. Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles. — Tome XXII. No. 11. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie. — Band XXXVIII. Heft 4. London. The Chemical News,— Vol. LIX, No. 1561 and Nos. 1565-67. . The Nineteenth Century,— Vol. XXVI, No. 154, December, 1889. The Society of Arts,— Journal, Vol. XXXVII, No. 1927 and Nos. 1931—1933. Paris. Revue Scientifique.— Tome XLIV, Nos. 20—23. Books Purchased, RosENZWEiG, ViNCENZ RiTTER VoN. Der Diwau des Grossen Lyrischen Dichters Hafis in Persischen original herausgegeben ins deutsche metrisch ubersetzt, und mit Anmerkungen Versehen. Bands I and II. 8«o. Wien, 1858 and 1863. ^-l PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL, For February, 1890. The Annual Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held ou Wednesday, the 5th February 1890, at 9 p. m. Colonel J. Wateehouse, President, in the Chair. The following members were present : Dr. J. R. Adie, E. T. Atkinson, Esq., H. Beveridge, Esq., I. C. Bose, Esq., W. B. Colville, Esq., E. C Cotes, Esq., W. R. Criper, Esq., Babii Saratchandra Das, Babii Rajanikanta Gupta, Dr. Hoernle, A. Hogg, Esq., Prince Jahan Qadr Muhammad Wahid Ali Bahadur, W. A. Lee, Esq., C. Little, Esq., Kumar Rameshwar Maliah, Babu Asutosh Mukhopadhyay, L. de Niceville, Esq., J. D. Nimmo, Esq., M. H. Oung, Esq., H. M. Rustorajee, Esq., Pandit Haraprasad Shastri, Capt. R. C. Temple, J. Wood-Mason, Esq. Visitors : — C. H. M. Rustomjee, Esq., Lama Phun tshogs D Wan Man. According to the Bye-Laws of the Society, the President ordered the Voting papers to be distributed for the election of Office- Bearers and Members of Council for 1890, and appointed Messrs. de Niceville and Criper to be Scrutineers. The President then called upon the Secretary to read the Annual Report. Annual Report for 1889. The Council of the Asiatic Society have the honour to submit the following report on the state and progress of the Society's affairs during the past year. 16 Annual Report. [Feb. Member List. During tlie year under review 36 gentlemen were elected Ordinary- Members of the Society, 13 members withdrew, 7 died, 12 were re- moved from the list under Rule 40, being more than 3 years absent from India ; the election of one member was cancelled by request, as he was contemplating an early return to Europe, and one member was struck off on account of non-payment of his admission fee, by which his election became void under Rule 9 : of the 36 members elected 4 were old members who rejoined. The total number of membei-s at the close of 1889 was thus 307 against 305 at the end of the preceding year : of these 108 were Resident, 135 Non- Resident, 13 Foreign, 22 Life, 27 absent from India, and 2 special Non- Subscribing members, as shown in the following table, which also gives the fluctuations in the number of ordinary members during the past six years. Paying. Non- Paying. Year. a IS P5 '53 'S u o Is 1 6 rQ Special Non-Sub- scribing. 3 o 1 f^^ o 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 102 105 93 98 98 108 157 161 142 137 136 135 12 13 18 15 15 13 271 279 253 250 249 256 15 16 16 17 20 22 39 34 48 44 34 27 1 1 2 2 2 2 55 51 66 63 56 51 326 330 319 313 305 307 The seven Ordinary Members the loss of whom by death during the year we have to regret, were Mr. Otto MoUer, Shams-ul-Ulma Maulvi Kabir-ud-din Ahmad, Khan Bahadur, Hon. Rao Sahib Visva- nath Narayana Mandlik, C. S. I., Maharaja Isvariprasad Singh, C. S. I., of Benares, Dr. D. Waldie, Dr. Francis Day, and Mr. E. J. Jones. There was one death amongst the Special Honorary Centenary Members, and two among the Honorary Members ; viz., Dr. James Prescott Joule of the former, and Professor William Wright, LL. D., of Cambridge, and Colonel Sir Henry Yule, R. E., K. C S. I., G. B., of the latter. Their numbers now stand at 5 and 25 respectively ; so : nt>L of Honorary Members is now at its normal strength. i iiCi-e were no casualties among the Corresponding Members and w iftf-r "Members, their numbers remaining at 7 and 8 respectively, as 1890.] Annual Report. 17 Ttvo members compounded for their subscription as Resident Mem- bers, viz., R. D. Mehta, Esq , and J. D. Nimmo, Esq, Indian Museum. No presentations were made over to the Indian Museum. Raja Rajendralala Mitra, LL. D., 0. I. B., having been obliged to resign his post as a Trustee on behalf of the Society on account of ill health, Mr. C. Little was appointed in his place. The other Trustees on behalf of the Society were — Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle. E. Gay, Esq. A. Pedler, Esq. Dr. D. D. Cunningham. Finance. The accounts are shown in the appendix under the usual heads. Statement No. 8 contains the Balance Sheet of the Asiatic Society, and of the several Funds administered through it. The Budget for 1889 was estimated at the following figures — Receipts Rs. 14,000; Expenditure Rs. 15,757 (Ordinary Rs. 13,920, Ex- traordinary Rs. 1,837). Taking into account only the ordinary items of Receipts and Expenditure for the year 1889, the actuals have been, Receipts Rs. 18,539 and Expenditure Rs. 12,871, showing a balance in favour of the Society of Rs. 768 ; but against this small balance there has been an extraordinary expenditure of Rs. 1,850, mainly on account of the balance due for repairs to the Society's premises ; and Messrs. Triibner's account for books, &c., supplied has also to be considered. The invoices received during 1889 amount to £107-12-2, from which there will be some set off on account of sales of publications. The total expenditure of the year has therefore been considerably more than the income. Messrs. Triibner's previous invoices for 1888, not yet paid, amount to about £294, so that allowing the very favourable estimate of about £100 as a set off on account of sales of publications, there are now some £300 due to Messrs. Triibner and Co., a portion of which must be paid during the year. The fact is therefore evident that the ordinary income of the Society is not suflS.cient to meet present expenditure, and that measures must be taken to reduce the expenditure .within the limits of income. To be constantly meeting expenditure from capital mu.st seriously crip- ple the permanent income of the Society before long. The total receipts in 1889 have been Rs. 13,539 against an estimate of Rs. 14,000. There has been a slight falling off in subscriptions, also 18 Annual Report. [FeB. in the income derived from investments, and, in the absence of Messrs, Triibner's account for 1888, the income derived from the sale of pub- lications cannot be fully given. Under Suhscriptions, the estimate was Rs. 7,300 and Rs. 7,263 were received, besides Rs. 810, on account of Compounding fees, and Rs. 928 Admission fees, which have to be invested and do not form part of the working income of the year. Under sale of Publications the estimate was Rs. 400, but only Rs. 46 can be credited under this head, as explained above. Under Interest on Investments Rs. 6,200 were estimated, but only Rs. 6,169 received, the difference being due to In- come Tax deductions. The Miscellaneous Receipts were only Rs. 61 against an estimate of Rs. 100. The Ordinary Expenditure was estimated at Rs. 13,920, but the amount paid out was only Rs. 12,871. The principal items in excess were Salaries (due to an under estimate). Commission, and Municipal Taxes, owing to an increase in the rates, and the house rate for 5 quarters being paid during the year. The actual expenditure on the Journal and Proceedings has been as follows : — , ( Part J.— Rs. 1,092 Journal [p^^.^jj_^^ g^^^y Proceedings — ,, 878 Total Rs. 4,977 but a bill for £176-18-2, for plates illustrating the Journal Part II for 1888 is still due to Messrs. Triibner and Co., and should have been paid during the year had the Agent's accounts for 1888 been received. There are other later bills of Messrs. Triibner, and Messrs. West Newman and Co., to bo paid also on account of plates for Journal, Part II, amount- ing £62-8-4. The expenditure on this part of the Jouxmal will have to be curtailed for the present. The Budget Estimate of ordinary Receipts and Expenditure for 1890 does not differ materially from that for 1889, but both have been set at slightly reduced figures. The probable ordinary receipts are estimated at Rs. 13,900, and the expenditure at Rs. 13,840. On the receipt side the estimate under the head of Suhscriptions has been left at the same amount as last year. The amount to be recovered by Sale of Publications has also been left at Rs. 400, as it is estimated that Triibner's account sales should show an average of about £30. It IS probable also that the receipts under this head will be still larger on 1890.] Annual Beporf. 19 account of sale proceeds of the extra number of the Journal, Part T, containing Mr. Grierson's "Modern Vernacular Literature of Hindu- stan," but at present it is not possible to estimate how much this will be. The item of Rs. 6,100 allowed for interest is calculated on the actual present investment. On the expenditure side, the changes are on the whole slight. Salaries show an increase of Rs. 170, partly due to an under estimate last year, Municipal Taxes also show an increase owing to the increased rate of assessments. Reductions have been made of Rs. 50, in Postage, Rs. 50 for Binding, Rs. 200 for Journals, and Rs. 100 for Proceedings. Beyond the Auditors fee it is not anticipated that there will be any extraordinary expenditure this year, except that it may be necessary to draw upon capital again to pay off some of Messrs. Triibner's out- standings. The details of the Budget Estimate are as follows : — Receipts. Subscriptions ... ... ... Rs. 7,300 0 0 Sale of Pubhcations ... ... ... ... 400 0 0 Interest on Investments ... ... ... 6,100 0 0 Miscellaneous ... ... ... ... 100 0 0 Total ... 13,900 0 0 Expenditure. Salaries ... ... ... ... Rs. 4,390 0 0 Commission Stationery Lighting ... Petty Repairs Municipal Taxes Postage ... Freight ... Meeting ... Contingencies Books Local Periodicals Binding ... 400 0 0 100 0 0 80 0 0 10 0 0 819 0 0 600 0 0 10 0 0 90 0 0 150 0 0 ... 1,610 0 0 31 0 0 450 0 0 Carried over .,. 8,740 0 0 20 Annual Beport. [Feb, Brought forward Rs. 8,740 0 0 4,000 0 0 Total ... 13,740 0 0 Rs. 100 0 0 Total ... 13,840 0 0 Journal, Part I ... Journal, Part II ... ... ••• Proceedings ... ... ... ... 900 0 0 Printing Circulars ... ... ... ... 100 0 0 Auditors fee Messrs. Triibner and Co.'s delay in sending in their accounts for 1888 has rendered it impossible to complete the account for the past year, and to frame a proper estimate for the current year. The amount of the invested funds now belonging to the Society is Rs. 1,35,400. London Agency. Messrs. Triibner's account with the Society for 1888 not having been received no correct information can be furnished as to the amount of the balance due to them, or the receipts from sale of publications effected during the year. The numbers of copies of parts of the Journals, of the Proceedings, and of the Bibliotheca Indica sent to Messrs. Triibner and Co. during 1889 for sale were 362, 182, and 1,006 respectively, valued at Rs. 1,020, Nine invoices of books purchased, and of publications of various Societies sent in exchange, were received during the year. The value of books purchased amounted to £107-12-2. A remittance of £109-19-7 was made to the Agents at the begin- ning of the year in payment of the balance of their account for 1887. Library. The total number of printed volumes, or parts of volumes, added to the Library during the year was 2,098, of which 784 were purchased and 1,314 pi-esented. The Catalogue of the Tibetan Manuscripts has been printed, and that of the Persian works in the Ox'iental Library is advancing towards completion. Publications. Ten numbers of the Proceedings were published during the year, containing 278 pages of letter press : two numbers of the Journal, Part 1890.] Annual Report. 21 I, containing 105 pages of letter press, 6 plates, and a synchronistic table of the reigns of the early Guptas, their contemporaries, and their immediate successors, also an extra number for 1888, consisting of 205 pages, with 3 plates, being Mr. Grierson's History of the Modern Ver- nacular Literature of Hindustan ; of the Journal, Part II, there were four numbers, containing 440 pages of letter press, with 21 plates, and a supplement (No. 2) containing 15- pages of Colonel Watei'house's Tables of Metric weights and measures ; one number of the Journal for 1888 was also issued, comprising 124 pages of letter pi'ess, with 14 plates. Building. The Society's house and out offices having so lately undergone thorough repairs, the only expenditure incurred was a small amount of Rs. 8-8 for stopping a leak in one of the gas pipes damaged by work- men in the course of the repairs. Coin Cabinet. During the year 111 coins were added to the Cabinet, of which 8 were of gold, 66 of silver, 27 of copper, and 10 of mixed copper and silver. 70 of these coins were acquired under the Treasure Trove Act. The remainder were presentations, 29 being presented by the Bombay Government under the Treasure Trove Act, 11 by Mr. V. A. Smith, and one by Mr. W. Sandford. They comprise 62 Mu^al, 23 Pathan, 14 Malwa, 5 Kabul, 3 Hun, 2 Varaha, 1 Gadhiya and 1 Persian coins. They all belong to well-known types, and detailed notices of them will be found in the Society's Proceedings for February, August and November. Ofa.ee of the Secretaries. Mr. J. Wood-Mason, Vice-President, edited the Journal, Part II, and Dr. Hoernle continued as Philological Secretary during the year. The duties of the General Secretary were carried on by Dr. Hoernle until March, when Mr. Little took over charge of the office. Dr. W. King was in charge of the Treasurership throughout the year. Mr. H. Ronaldson continued as Assistant Secretary during the year. Mr. J. H. Elliott was the Assistant Librarian until October, when he was granted leave of absence for six months without pay, and Babu Haranchandra Gupta, B. A. was appointed to act in his place ; the posts of Cashier, Pandit, and Copyist, were held throughout the year by the permanent incumbents, Babii Nritiya Gopal Bose, Pandit Hari Mohan Vidyabhiishan, and Babii Joges Chandra Chatterji respectively. 22 Annual Beport. [Feb. Bibliotheea Indica. Thirty-five fasciculi were published during the year, of which six were in the Arabic-Persian, twenty-seven in the Sanskrit, and two in the Tibetan series. They belong to twenty-one different works, of which four are in the Arabic-Persian, fifteen in the Sanskrit, and two in the Tibetan series. There was one new publication, the Tiizuh-i- Jehdngiri, in the first series, and two in the second series, viz., Mdr- handeija Piirdna and Brihad-devatd : no new works were taken up in the Tibetan series. All these three works had been sanctioned for pub- lication some years ago, but had not been hitherto commenced. On the other hand four works have been completed during the year, viz.y two in the Arabic-Persian, and two in the Sanskrit series. The former are the Isdbdh and the MuntaMabu-t-TawdnJch, the latter are Manutika Sangraha, and the Sdnikhyd Sutra Vritti. To these may be added four works which were completed in the preceeding year, viz., the Zafar- ndmah in the Arabic-Persian series,and the AshtasdhasriM Prajnd Pdra- mitd, the Kdla Mddhava, and the Vdiju Purdna in the Sanskrit series. In the Annual Report for the preceding year (p. 29) it was stated that 50 fasciculi had been estimated as the annual out-turn for the ensuino- year, at a probable cost of Rs. 18,800 : the actual out-turn has been 35 fasciculi, as stated above. The expenditure out of the Oriental PublicatioQ Fund during the year amounted to Rs. 15,983, which includes printing charges for 44 fasciculi and editing charges for 86 fasciculi, and gives an average of Rs. 399 for each fasciculus. For the year 1890 the out-turn may be reckoned at 44 fasciculi. These, at the average rate of Rs. 377 of the past two years, will cost Rs. 16,588. The averao-e annual income, calculated on the receipts of the last five years, is Rs. 12,912, which gives an excess of estimated expenditure over average income of Rs. 3,676, towards meeting which there is a balance of Rs. 3,695. At the end of the current year this balance will be practically used up, it being reduced to Rs. 19. It will therefore be impossible to devote, as it had at one time been contemplated, the sum of Rs. 3,000 out of the balance, for the purchase of a set of the Tibetan work " Tan-gyur," in block print. Nor will it be possible to sanction any new works to be published in the Bibliothpca Indica until a con- siderable portion of the works already sanctioned, is completed. Dr. A. Chattei'ji has been appointed to continue the translation of the " Sim-uta," Dr. R. Sen, who had undertaken the work, having been obliged to resign on account of the pressure of his official duties. It has been decided to abandon the further publication of the Prithvi Raj Rasau, the work not being historical, and there being grave 1800.] Annual Beport. 23 doubts as to its genuineness as a bardic composition, and it is also being published privately by a Pandit of Udayapur. Maulvi Abdul Rahim having been obliged to resign the editorship of the Ma\isir-id-Umdrd owing to ill health, Maulvi Mirza Ashraf Ali "was appointed to carry on the work. Of the following works of which fasciculi had appeared in previous years, no fasciculi were published during the year under review. 1. Tabaq.\t-i-Nasir.i, (Index of persons and places) ; 2, Prakrita Lakshana (English translation and Notes) ; 3, Katantra (introduc- tion) ; 4, Susrtjta Samhit.( (English translation) ; 5, A'pastamba S'rauta Sutra (Text) ; 6, Manu Tika Sangbaha (Text) ; 7, Lalita Vistara (English translation). Of the following works sanctioned in previous years no fasciculi have as yet appeared. 1. Prakritadhtata (Text and translation) ; 2, Charaka (English translation, with Notes) ; 3, Naqaid-ul-Farazdaq-Jerir (Text with. English translations in prose and verse) ; 4, Kala Viveka (Text) ; 5 Vedanta SdxRA, Commentaries on, (Text) ; (two of these viz. Anubhashyam and S'r£bha8HTAM, have been commenced) ; 6, Yogini Tantra (Text) ; 7, Karana Grantha (Text) ; 8, Muntakhabu-t-Tawarikh, Vol. I, (English translation) ; 9, Taj-ul-Maas[R (Text) ; 10, Tarikh-i-Wassap (Text) ; 11, Tarikh-i-Yamini (English translation, with Notes) ; 12, Jkatadharmaeatha and Vipaka Sutra (Text) ; 13, Saddharma Punda- RiKA (Text) ; 14, Al Tabrizi's Commentary (Text) ; 15, SvayambhiJ PuRANA (Text) ; 16, BaudhatanIya S'rauta SiJtra, and Hiranyakesi S'rauta Si5tra (Text); 17, Ain-i-Akbari (English translation) ; 18, RiAzu-s-SALATfN (Text and English translation) ; 19, Nyayavindu TfKA (Text in Sanskrit and Tibetan) ; 20, Bhattopala's Commentary on Vara'ha Mihira's Brihat Samhita'. No new works were sanctioned for publication during the year. The following is a descriptive list of the publications issued during 1889. A. Arahic-'Persian Series. 1. IsABiCH, or the Biographical Dictionary of Persons who knew Muhammad. It was compiled by Shaikh Sahabu-d-din Abu-1-Fazl Ahmad during the first half of the 9th century of the Muhammadan era with the object of giving more or less detailed accounts of the Sihabis, i. e., those who received their faith directly from their Prophet and are therefore considered men of superior sanctity than the Tdbi'ts who received their faith second hand from the Sihabis. It contains 24 Annual Bepori. [Feb. accounts of 20,811 persons. The work has come to a close. This completes the Old Series of the Bibliotheca Indica publications. The edition was commenced in the year 1852 by the late Maulvi Muham- mad Wajih. The present editor, the distinguished Maulvi Abdul Hai, has added a short English preface which contains much interesting information. No 262, old Series, Vol. Ill, Fasc. XV. Total one fasci- culus. 2. MA'AStJR-UL-UMAEA, Or Memoirs of Nobles, compiled by Nawab Samsamu-d-Daulah Shah Nawaz Khan who flourished during the first half of the 18th century and was in a position to speak with authority on the subject of the Mughal Court. It contains biographical accounts of the Umaras of the Mughal Court from the establishment of Mughal rule in India. Nos. 704, 708, 713. Vol. II, Fasc. VI, VII, VIII. Total three fasciculi. These complete the second volume. 3. Muntakhabu-t-Tawarikh, by 'Abdu-1-Qadir Bin Malik Shah, otherwise called Al Badauni, translated into English by the Rev. W. H. Lowe, M. A. of the Cambridge University. The translation of the second volume only was undertaken, and it has now been brought to a close under the supervision of Professor E. B. Cowell. It contains an elaborate account of the Court of Akbar by one who had little sympathy with the new religious ideas of the Emperor. No. 721. Vol. II, Fasc. V. Total owe fasciculus. Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri. The autobiography of Emperor Jahangir. The Imperial author gives an account of his own reign from the day of his accession to the throne with the utmost ease and fluency and without vanity. Translated by the Rev. W. H. Lowe of the Cambridge University. No. 718. Fasc. I. Total one fasciculus. B. Sanslcrit Series. Advaita Brahma Siddhi, of Sadananda Yati of Kashmir, a dis- ciple of Bi'ahmananda, the commentator of the Advaita Siddhi of Madhu- Budana Saraswati, on the model of which it is written. Edited by Pandit Vaman S'asti'i Upadhyaya, with notes and explanations in Sanskrit. The chapters of the woi'k are called Mudgaraprahdra, or blows with a club on the head of the writer's opponents. No. 715. Fasc. III. Total one fasciculus. 2. Brihad Dharma Purana, one of the latest works of the Puranic literature, edited by Pandit Haraprasad S'astri. It contains the Puranic explanation of the caste system. No. 703. Fasc. II. Total one fasciculus. 3. Brihad-devata, edited by Raja Rajendralala Mitra, LL. D., C. I. E., is an important work bearing on the elucidation of the Vedic texts. It is a metrical work giving the devata or the deity praised, 1890.] Anmial Report. 25 i. e., the subject matter of the suTctas and riks of tlie Rig- Veda. No. 722. Fasc. I. Total one fasciculas. 4. Chaturvarga Chintamani, by Hemadri, belonging to the Yadava Court of Deva Giri in the Deccan, composed about a century before the Muhammadan conquest of that part of India, is a compre- hensive compilation of Hindu rituals. Any work quoted in this is presumably older than the thirteenth century, and the works quoted being very numerous, it affords a safe criterion for distinguishing works written before the Muhammadan conquest. Edited by Pandits Togesvara Smritiratna and Kamakhya Natha Tarkavagisa. Nos. 702, 709 and 734. Vol. Ill, Part II, Fasc. II, III, IV. Total one fasciculus. 5. KuRMA-PURANA, a System of Hindu Mythology and tradition, written in the Vaishnava interest, edited by Babu Nilmani Mukho- padhyaya, M. A.. Professor of Sanskrit, Presidency College. No. 699. Vol. I, Fasc. VIII. Total one fasciculus. 6. Madana Parijata, edited by Pandit Madhusiidana Smriti- ratna, Professor, Sanskrit College, is a digest of Hindu Law, belonging to a period subsequent to Hemadri, to whom the author acknowledges his obligations. Nos. 705 and 712. Fasc. V and VI. Total two fasciculi. 7. Markandeta Purana, translated into English from the So- ciety's edition of the text, with Notes, by Mr. F. E. Pargiter, B. A. The work belongs to the early period of Puranic development and is written with the object of promulgating the worship of S'akti. It contains the GhancU, the standard work of S'akta worship, recited in every S'akta household of India. Nos. 700 and 706. Fasc. I and II. Total two fasciculi. 8. NiRUKTA of Ya'ska, the most important work on Vedic phi- lology in Ancient India, edited by Pandit Satyavrata Samasrami. The text has been already completed with two of the best commen- taries. The editor is now engaged with the indices and the preface. The subjects treated in the preface, which is in Sanskrit, are — What is Nirukta ? What is the Veda ? What is Taska's age ? Is he a Rishi or not ? and so forth. Nos. 711 and 723. Vol. IV, Fasc. VI and VII. Total two fasciculi. 9. Ntaya Kusumanjali, edited by Mahamahopadhyay Chandra- kanta Tarkalankara, is the prose work of Udayana, surnamed the A'charya, whose controversies with the Bauddhas are traditionally said to have led to their final expulsion from India. His woi'ks belong to the Nyaya school of Hindu philosophy, and are directed principally against the Buddhists. The work is accompanied with a commentary, entitled PraMsa, which again is copiously illustrated by extracts from a gloss entitled Maharanda. No. 725. Vol. I, Fasc. III. Total one fasciculus. 26 Anvvnl Report. [Feb. 10. Parasara Smriti, by the same Mahamahopaclliyaya, is accom- panied with the commentary of Miidhavacharya. Volume I, treating of the Achdra Kdnda, has come to aldose. The editor is now engaged with Volume II, the Prayaschitta Kanda. The first volume has been issued ■without indices, which will be supplied at the end of the second volume. Wos. 717, 720, 727. Vol. I, Fasc. VIII. Vol. II, Fasc. I and II. Total three fasciculi. 11. Samkhya Si5tra Vritti, edited by Dr. Richard Garbe, Pro- fessor of Sanskrit in the University of Konigsberg, was completed with indices. It contains the text in red type, Aniruddha's commentary, ex- tracts from Mahadeva's commentary and footnotes, all in black type. The text having been completed the editor is now engaged in publish- ino- an English translation. Nos. 724i and 731. Fasc. Ill and IV. Total two fasciculi. 12. Samkhayana S'rauta Sutra, edited by Dr. Alfred Hillebrandt, Professor of Sanskrit in the University, Breslau. The first volume was issued last year with many indices and a preface. The editor is now engaged in publishing the commentaries of the work in a second volume. ISros.°716 and 732. Vol. I, Fasc. VII, Vol. II, Fasc. I. Total two fasciculi. VS. Varaha Purana, edited by Pandit Hrishikesa S'astri, is a Purana written with the view of furthering the cause of Vaishnava worship. The story is told to the goddess Earth by the Great Boar, an incarnation of Vishnu, while raising her from the midst of primordial water in which she had sank during the great flood. N'os. 710, 714, 719 726, 733. Fasc. IX, X, XI and XII, XIII. Total y^ye fasciculi. 14. Tattva Chintamani, edited by Pandit Kamakhyanatha Tarka- vao-isa, with the commentary of Mathuranatha, is the standard work of Nyaya philosophy in the schools of Mithila and Navadvipa. The second volume, with which the editor is now engaged, treats of the chapter on Inference. No. 707. Vol. IT, Fasc. 11. Total one fasciculus. Tibetan Series. 1. Sher-Phyin, edited by Babu Pratapa Chandra Ghosha, is a literal translation in the Tibetan of the S'ata Sahasrika Prajfia Paramita, other- wise called the Raksha Bhagavati, the extent of which is estimated at 100,000 slokas of 32 letters each. The work is written in prose, and contains so much repetition of the same matter, in words as well as in sentiments, that the editor has been obliged to omit them, giving only the catch- words of the matter repeated. The hundred thousand slokas will not, it is expected, take so many fasciculi as the bulk of the MSS. would indicate. No. 729. Vol. I, Fasc, II. Total o?ie fasciculus. i^->0.] Annual Beporf. 27 2. AvADANA Kalpalata, by Kshemendra, a voluminous Hindvi writer of Kashmir, in standard Sanskrit as oiDposed to the verbose and ungrammatieal style of the Buddhists, is being issued with its literal Tibetan translation, Btogs brjod apag Ssam hkri sin, under the joint editorship of Babu Sarat Chandra Das, C. I. E, and Pandit Harimohan Vidyabhiishan, Oriental Librarian to the Asiatic Society. No. 730. Vol. I, Fasc. II. Total one fasciculus. List of all Societies, Institutions, ^"c, to iohich the Publications of the Asiatic Society have been sent during the year, or from tohich Publica- tions have been received. * Societies, &c,, which, have received the Asiatic Society's publications, and have sent their publicationa in return. t Societies, &c., which have received the Asiatic Society's publicationa, but have sent none in return. § Societies, &c., whose publications have been received, but to which nothing has been sent in return. * Allahabad : — Editor, Pioneer. § American Philological Association. * Amsterdam: — Royal Zoological Society. * : — Koninklijke Akaderaie van Wetenschappen. * Angers : — Societe d' E'tudes Scientifiques d' Angers. * Baltimore : — Johns Hopkins University. * Batavia : — Society of Arts and Sciences. * : — Kon Natuurkuudige Vereeniging in Nederlandsch- Indie. * Berlin : — Gesellschaft ]^aturforsch.ende Freunde zu Berlin. * : — Royal Academy of Sciences. § : — Entomologische Verein. t Berne : — Societe Suisse d' Entomologie. § Birmingham: — Birmingham Philosophical Society. Bombay — Anthropological Society. — Bombay Branch, Royal Asiatic Society. — Editor, Indian Antiquary. — Editor, Times of India. — Natural History Society. * Boston : — Natui'al Histoiy Society. * Bordeaux: — L' Academic Rationale des Sciences, Belles-Letti'os et Arts. * : — Societe Linneenne. 28 Annual Report. [Feb. * Brisbane : — Royal Society of Queensland. * Calcutta * * * * .—Royal Geographical Society of Australasia, Queensland Branch. Brookville : — Society of Natural History. Brunswick :— Verein fiir Naturwissenscliaft. Brussels : — L' Academie Royale des Sciences. : — Musee Royal d' Histoire Naturelle de Belgique. : — Societe Entomologique de Belgique. : — Societe Royale Malacologique de Belgique. : — Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege. § Buda Pest : — Royal Hungarian Academy of Sciences. * Buenos Ayres : — National Museum. — Academia Nacional de Ciencias de la Republica Argentina. —Agri-Horticultural Society of India. — Geological Survey of India. — Editor, Englishman. — Editor, Hindoo Patriot. — Editor, Indian Daily News. — Editor, Indian Engineering. — Editor, Indian Mirror. — Indian Meteorological Reporter. — Indian Museum. — Mahommedan Literary Society. — Photographic Society of India. — Public Library. — Survey of India. — Tuttobodhini Shova. — University Library. Cambridge : — University Library. Cassel : — Der Verein fiir Naturkunde. Cherbourg : — Society Nationale des Sciences Naturelles. * Christiania : — University Library. * Clinton : — Editor, American Antiquarian and Oriental Journal. * Colombo : — Ceylon Branch, Royal Asiatic Society. * Copenhagen : — La Societe Royale des Antiquaires du Nord. t Cuttack : — Cuttack Library, * Danzig : — Naturforschende Gesellschaft. * Dehra Dun : — Trigonometrical Branch, Survey of India. * Dorpat : — Naturforscher-Gesellschaft der Uuiversitat. * Dresden : — Entomologischen Vereins " Iris." * Dublin : — Royal Dublin Society. * : — Royal Irish Society. 1890.] Annual Report. 29 § Dublin : — Geological Society of Dublin. * Edinburgh : — Royal Society. * : — Royal Physical Society. * __^ . — Scottish Geographical Society. § : — Botanical Society. * Florence : — Societa Italiana di Anthropologia, Etnologia e Psicologia Comparata. * " : — Societa Africana d' Italia. * Frankfurt : — Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft. * — — — - : — Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins des Regierungsbezirks. * Geneva : — Societe de Physique et d' Histoire Naturelle. * Genoa : — Museo Civico di Storia Naturale. * Giessen : — Oberhessische Gesellschaft fiir Natur und Heilkunde. * Graz : — Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein fiir Styria. § Hague: — Koninklijk Instituut voor de Taal-Land-en Volkenkunde van Nederlausch-Indie. * Hamburgh: — IS^aturhistoi^iches Museum zu Hamburgh. * Halle : — Deutsche Morgenlandische Gesellschaft. f : — Kaiserlichen Leopoldinisch-Carolinische Akademie. * Hamilton: — Hamilton Association (Canada). * Harrisburgh: — Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania. * Havre : — Societe de Geographic Commerciale du Havre. * Helsingfors : — Societas pro Flora et Fauna Fennica. * — :' — Societe des Sciences de Finlande. § Ithaca (U. S. A.) : — Cornell University. § Jassy: — Societatii Stiintifice Literare. t Kiev : — Societe des Naturalistes. * Konigsberg:— Die physikalische-Oekonomische Gesellschaft. * Lahore : — Editor, Civil and Military Gazette. * : — Agricultural Society. * Leipzig : — Deutsche Morgenlandische Gesellschaft. * Ley den : — Royal Herbarium. * Liege : — Societe Geologique de Belgique. * : — Societe des Sciences. * Liverpool : — Literary and Philosophical Society. — Anthropological Institute. — British Museum. — Editor, Academy. — Editor, Athengeum. — Editor, Nature. — Geological Society. * — Institution of Civil Engineers. * London * * # ^0 Aminal Tiepnrf. [Feb, * London -Institaition of Illectrical Engineers. — Institution of Mechanical Engineers. ^ — Linnean Society. — Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. — Royal Astronomical Society. — Royal Geographical Society. — Royal Institution of Great Britain. — Royal Microscopical Society. — Royal Society. — Statistical Society. — Zoological Society. * Lyons : — La Societe d' Agriculture, d' Histoire Naturelle et des Arts Utiles. — Museum d' Histoire Naturelle. — La Societe d' Anthropologie. — La Societe de Geographic. § * Madras : — Literary Society. * : — Government Central Museum. * Manchester : — Literary and Philosophical Society. § Melbourne : — Royal Society of Victoria. * Mexico : — Sociedad Cientifica " Antonio Alzate". § — ; — Observatorio Meteoroldgico-Magnetico Central. § : — Estados Unidos Mexicauos. * Moscow : — Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes. * : — Imperial Society of Amateurs of Natural Sciences, Anthro- pology and Ethnology. * Munich : — K. Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. * : — Editor, Repertorium der Physik. * Naples : — Societa Africana d' Italia, t Netherlands : — Royal Society. * New Haven : — Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. § : — American Oriental Society. * Newport (R. I.) : — Natural History Society. * Ottawa : — Geological and Natural History Survey of the Dominion of Canada, t Oxford : — Bodleian Library, t : — Indian Institute. * Paris : — Societe de Geographic. * : — Societe d' Anthropologie * : — Societe Asiatique. * : — Muaee Guimet. * : — National Library. 1890.] Annual Report. 31 * Paris : — Societe Zoologique. * Philadelphia : — Academy of Natural Sciences. § : — American Philosophical Society. * :— Journal of Comparative Medicine and Surgery. * Pisa ; — Societa Toscana di Scieuze Naturali. § Prague : — K. K. Sternwai-te. § Rio de Janeiro : — Museo Nacional. * : — Imjierial Observatorio. § Rome : — Societa degli Spettroscopisti Italiani. § :— R. Accademia dei Lincei. § Roorkee :— Indian Foi^ester. * St. Petei-sburgh : — Comite Geologique. * : — Imperial Library. * : — Russian Geographical Society. * ~~ : — Academic Imperiale des Sciences. * : — Jardin Imperiale de Botanique. * San Franciso : — Oalifornian Academy of Arts and kSciences. * Santiago: — Deutsche Wissenchaffcliche Vereines. * Schaffhausen : — Swiss Entomological Society. * Shanghai : — China Branch, Royal Asiatic Society. * Simla : — United Service Institution of India. * Stettin : — Entomological Society. * Stockholm : — Entomologische Tidskrift. * : — Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. * Sydney : — Royal Society of New South Wales. * : — Linnean Society of New South Wales. * Toronto : — Canadian Institute. * Tokyo : — Imperial University of Japan. * Trenton, N. J. — Trenton Natural History Society. * Trieste : — Societa Adriatica di Scienze Naturali. * Tui'in : — Reale Accademia delle Scienze. * : — Osservatio Regia Universita, t Ulwar : — Ulwar Library. * Vienna: — Anthropologische Gesellschaft. § • : — K. K. Central-anstalt f iir Meteorologie und Erdmagnetismus * : — K. K. Akademie der Wissenschaften. * . : — K. K. Geologische Reichsanstalt. * : — K. K. Naturhistoriche Hofmuseums. * : — K. K. Zoologisch-Botauische Gesellschaft. * .— : — Ornithologische Verein. * Washington : — Commissioners of the Department of Agriculture. * ■ — : — Philosophical Society. 32 Antmal Report. [Feb. * Washington : — Smithsonian Institution. * : — United States Geological Survey. • I : — U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, * Wellington : — New Zealand Institute. * Wiirttemberg — Natural History Society. t Yokohama : — Asiatic Society of Japan. * : — German Oriental Society, * Zagreb : — Archaeological Society. Abstract of Council Proceedings during 1889. January Slst, Ordinary Meeting. An application from the Geographical Society of Berlin for an ex- change of publications was declined. It was ordered that Part I of the Society's Journal should be continued to the Geographical Society of Paris. Intimation was received from the Royal Academy of Sciences, Turin that tlie competition for the seventh Bressa prize of the value of 12 000 Italian lire commenced on 1st January 1887 and would close on Slst December 1890, to be awarded to the scientific author or inventor of any nationality who should have made the most important and useful discovery, or published the most valuable work on Physical and Experi- mental Science, Natural History, Mathematics, Chemistry, Physiology and Pathology, as well as Geology, History, Geography and Statistics. The name of Pandit Chandrakanta Tarkalankara was added to the list of distinguished persons who receive the Bibliotheca Indica, in re- coo-nition of the services he has rendered to Sanskrit literature. Read a letter from the Government of India, Home Department, received through the Government of Bengal, requesting that a report on the progress made in the search for Sanskrit Manuscripts should be sub- mitted after three years. Sanction was accorded for the purchase of a copy of an annotated edition of the Padma Purana which was being published by the Hon. Rao Saheb Vishvanath Narayana Mandlik. On an application from the Trustees, Indian Museum, enquiring whether the Society would publish a list of Oriental Cicindelidoe, com.- piled by Mr. E. T. Atkinson, as well as other lists on the same plan from time to time, it was decided to publish them as a Supplement to the Joui-nal, Part IT, and to supply the Trustees with 100 copies of each list on poyment. 1890.] Jminal Ueport. 33 An application from the Beng-al Telephone Company for pei^mission to attach a stay for a telephone post to the wall of the Society's com- pound in Park Street, was referred to the Visiting Committee. Permission was given to the Microscopical Society to hold a Conver- sazione in the Society's roonis about the middle of next month. On the recommendation of the Philological Secretary the Society's Pandit was authorized to be paid for his services in editing the Sans- krit text of the " Avadana Kalpalafa," the rate of remuneration being referred to the Philological Committee. February 28tk, Ordinary Meeting. An application from Lieut. -Col. Court to subscribe to a translation of the Biistan of Sadi, which he proposed publishing, was declined. Mr. G. G. Palmer was allowed the loan of the two paintings, " Cupid asleep on a cloud," and " Sir William Jones," for the purpose of making a copy of them, he having promised to clean and varnish the paintings previous to returning them. Messrs. Meugens and King were appointed Auditors of the Society's accounts for the present year. Permission was granted to Mr. R. Knight to consult the Society's library for the collection of information in connection with a history of the Indian press which he was engaged in writing. Major H. G. Raverty was asked, in reply to a reference, to send his paper on the changes in the courses of the Indus and the Punjab rivers for publication in the Journal, and informed that the indexes to his translation of the Tahaqat-i-Ndsirt were in preparation, and, if necessary, would be submitted to him before publication. Mr. C. Little was appointed General Secretary, Dr. Hoernle, who had been conducting the duties, having resigned. Dr. J. Burgess was allowed to purchase some volumes of the Society's Joui*nal from 1854 to 186.3, of which there were 5 or moi'e copies in stock, in oi'der to complete his set. A proposal by the President that the Finance Committee should be termed the Finance and Visiting Committee, and meet monthly on the Monday before the Council meeting, was approved. The several Committees for 1890 were appointed. On the recommendation of the Philological Committee remunera- tion at the rate of Rs. 1/8 per page was sanctioned to the Society's Pandit for editing the Sanskrit portion of the Avadana Kalpalatd under publication in the Bibliotheca Indica. The Visiting Committee having reported that there appeared to be no objection to affix a stay for a telephone post belonging to the Bengal 34 Annual Beport. [Feb. Telephone Company to the wall of the Society's componnd, the necessary permission was granted. March 28th, Ordinary Meeting. The thanks of the Council were conveyed to Mr. T. R. Munro for his presentation to the Society of two enlarged photographs of plans Calcutta ; one, taken in 1723 or 1724, showing the palisaded enclosure within which the Christian community resided, and the other taken from a survey made in 1753 by Lieutenant Wills, in command of the Artillery in Bengal. An application from the Ungarischer Karpathen Verein for an exchange of publications was referred to the Natural History Secretary. It was resolved on a letter from Count Landberg, asking the Society to delegate some of its members to the 8th International Con- gress of Orientalists to be held at Stockholm and Christiania in September next, that Mons. E. Senart should be invited to represent the Society. Authority was given to sell from the reserve stock of the Biblio- theca Indica publications certain Sanskrit works applied for by Dr. Lanman, Professor of Sanskrit in Harvard College, Cambridge, U. S. A. It was decided on a proposal made by the President, to issue as a Supplement to Part II of the Journal, a set of Metric Tables prepared for the use of the Survey of India offices, provided the sanction of Government could be obtained to the publication by the Society. The Secretary of the Theosophical Publication Fund Society at Bombay having agreed to accept the conditions laid down by Dr. Mitra for permission to reprint his translation of Patanjali's Yoga Sutra, was informed that the required permission would be given on receipt of an agreement duly signed. April 2bth, Ordinary Meeting. An exchange of publications with the Society of Naturalists, Kiev, was sanctioned. An offer from Maulavi Sakhawut Hossein to make an Urdu trans- lation of Beale's Oriental Biography, if the Society would publish the woi-k at its own cost, was declined. Dr. A. Crombie was appointed a Member of the Council in place of the Hon. A. Wilson, resigned, in consequence of leaving India on furlough. A presentation was announced from Mr. J. T. Gladstone of a photograph of the palm tree (Gorypha, sp. inc.) flowering in the Society's grounds. 1890.] Anmcal Report. 35 Mr. F. E. Pargiter was informed, in reply to an application that two Mauusci'ipts of the Markandeya Furdna might be consulted and a list of the various readings of importance be noted, that the Society would endeavour to get the Manuscripts, but that he must make his own arrangements for collating them. On the report of the Library Committee an offer of Rs. 40 was made for a copy of Seebohm's work on Snipes, Plovers and Sandpipers offered to the Society. The ofFer was accepted. It was decided, on a suggestion by the President, that a footnote should be added to the investment account showing the different funds to which the investments appertained. A copy of a Catalogue of Sanskrit Manuscripts to be sold by auction at Allahabad was referred to Dr. Rajendralala Mitra. May '30th, Ordinary Meeting. An application from the Academy of Sciences, Cracow, for an ex- change of publications was declined. In reply to an enquiry by the Deputy Commissioner of Hurdui whe- ther the Society could give a donation of its publications to the Colvin Library lately opened at that station, it was ordered that a list of the publications in the Bibliotheca Indica should be forwarded to ascertain whether it contained any books that would be likely to be useful. A letter from Mr. F. E. Pargiter reporting that an old Muhammadan resident of Maldah, had written an interesting account of that district, with its ruins at Gaur and Panduah, and collected a number of rubbings of the inscriptions there, was referred to the Philological Committee. On the report of the Natural History Secretary, the application from the Ungarische Karpathen Verein for an exchange of publications was declined. An application was made to the Government of Bengal to place the name of the Strasburg University Library on the list of Institutions to whom the Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts are presented. The loan from the library of Keith Johnston's Physical Atlas was authorized to a member for one week. J^^ne 27th, Ordinary Meeting. Read a letter from the Secretary, Theosophical Publication Fund Society, Bombay, stating that the intention of reprinting Dr. Rajendra- lala Mitra's translation of Patanjali's Yoga Sutra had been given up, and that a new translation of the work would be made for publication by the Society, An offer for the sale to the Society of a rare collection of Indian views ill water colours by Indian artists, was declined. 3G Annual Beport. [Feb. It was decided on the report of the Philological Committee, with reference to a proposal to place on record a resolution expressive of the great loss the Society has sustained by the death of the late Hon. Rao Sahib V. N. Mandlik, C. S. I., of Bombay, that the usual notice should be taken in the annual report. In order to ascertain whether the report written by an old Maho- medan resident of Maldah contained any fresh valuable matter relating to the ruins at Gaur and Pandooah, it was resolved, on the recommenda- tion of the Philological Committee, that the report should be obtained for examination. A copy of the continuation of Hewitson's " Exotic Butterflies," now publishing in parts, was subscribed for. An application from the Societe TTeuchateloise de Geographie for an exchange of publications, was declined. August 1st, Ordinary Meeting. In compliance with a request made by the Government of Bengal a complete set of the notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts prepared by Dr. Rajendralala Mitra was supplied to the Library of the Indian Institute at Oxford. Enquiries were ordered to be made as to the cost of a complete set of the Muybridge Photographs of animal locomotion, and of the sets of 100 plates, with reference to suggestions for purchasing a copy of the work for the Society's library. A list of the names of the governing body of the Society was ordered to be filed annually vrith the Registrar of Joint Stock Com- panies in order to meet the requirements of Act XXI of 1860. Mr. Beames was elected a Member of the Council in the vacancy caused by the death of Dr. Waldie. Arigiist 29th, Ordinary Meeting. An intimation was received from the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, that the Asiatic Society had been placed on the list of Libraries to i-eceive the printed " Theses," or Dissertations, accepted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University. In reply to a representation from the Trustees, Indian Museum, Dr. Rajendralala Mitra explained that his non-attendance at any of the meetino-s of the Trustees for the past twelve months had been due to his serious illness. Leave of absence was granted to Dr. Mitra till November, and he promised to resign his Trusteeship in December in the event of not being then able to discharge his duties as a Trustee. Read a letter from the Government of Bengal conveying the coi'- 1890.] Atmual Eeport. 37 dial approval of the Lieutenant-Governor as to the manner in which the Government Grants-in-aid of the Oriental Publication Fund, and the Conservation of Sanskrit Manuscript Fund had been administered during the year 1888. A letter from Monsieur A. Suchetet asking to be furnished with the names of Naturalists belonging to the Society, and others, to whom he could address enquiries concerning hybridity of bii'ds, reptiles insects, &c., was referred to the Natural History Secretary for disposal. A proposal from the Trustees, Indian Museum, to accept an offer made by Baron de Selys Longchamps to compile a catalogue of the Odonata, to be issued as a Supplement to Part II of the Journal, was approved, the Trustees agreeing to pay for the separate copies to be supplied to them. The catalogue to be distributed only to those mem- bei's who ask for it. It was resolved on the recommendation of Dr. Rajendralala Mitra, supported by the Philological Committee, that Dr. Agornath Chatterjee should be appointed to translate the Susruta, the present Editor, Dr. R. Sen, having been obliged to resign in consequence of the pressure of official duties. Dr. Chatterjee was informed that he would be required to engage a Vaidya Pandit to assist him in the work, whose name must be submitted to the Council for approval, and that he would be allowed remuneration at the maximum rate of Rs. 3 per page to enable him to secure the services of a really efficient person. The loan from the Society's Library of two books on Buddhism was sanctioned to Dr. Karl Marz, of the Moravian Mission in Leh, a Tibetan scholar ; also that he should be presented with a copy of each fasciculus of the Society's Tibetan publications in the Bibliotheca Indica. Read the prospectus of a work named the " Hellenistichen Relief- bilder," in course of publication, to cost about £11 : it was decided that the work was too expensive for purchase. September 2i6th, Ordinary Meeting. An application from the Librarian of the Natural Science Associa- tion of Frankfurt a, Oder to be furnished with a copy of the Journal in addition to the Proceedings, was declined. An exchange of publications from 1881 was sanctioned with the American Museum of Natural History, New York, the Journal, Part II, being given for the Museum Bulletins and Annual Reports. A proposal to purchase a copy of a work on " American Spiders and their spinning work " was referred to the Library Committee. Remuneration at the rate of Rs. 2/8 per page was sanctioned to Mr. 38 Annual Bepurt. [Feb. F. E. Pargiter for his translation of the Markandeya Piirdm, publishing in the Bibliotheca Indica. The question of the cost of publishing Mr. Grierson's history of the " Modern Vernacular Literature of Hindustan " was referred to the Finance Committee. It having been reported to the Council that the tomb of the late Mr. Blochmann in the Circular Road Cemetery was in a dilapidated state and would cost Rs. 32 to restore to its original condition, Dr. Hoernle was asked to see the tomb, and in case of repairs being neces- sary to issue the necessary orders up to that amount. October 3lst, Ordinary Meeting. The Principal of the Agra College having applied for the return of the Manuscript of the Prithi Raj Rdsdu, by Chand, it was decided on the recommendation of the Philological Secretary to discontinue the further publication of the work in the Bibliotheca Indica, it not being historical, and there being grave doubts of its genuineness as a bai-dic composition. The prospectus of the Muybridge photographs of animal locomo- tion having been considered by the Council, it was decided not to pur- chase any of them for the library. The purchase of a copy of the woi-k on American Spiders and their Spinning work was sanctioned on recommendation of the Library Committee. Maulvi Abdul Rahim having been obliged to resign the editorship of the " Maasir-ul-Umara " on account of ill health, Maulvi Mirza Ashraf Ali, 1st Persian Teacher of the Calcutta Madrassa, was ap- pointed to carry on the work. An exchange of publications with the Queensland Branch of the Royal Geographical Society of Australasia was declined. November 28th, Ordinary Meeting. An application from the Natural History Association of Bonn, on the Rhine, for an exchange of publications, was declined. The presentation of some of the publications of the Bibliotheca Indica was sanctioned to the Colvin Library at Hardui. Dr. Rajendralala Miti^a resigned his place as a representative of the Asiatic Society on the Board of Trustees of the Indian Museum. Dr. Agornath Chatterjee was informed in reply to a request that he might be allowed to consult all the leading Vaidya Pandits in the translation of the " Susruta," instead of being confined to the entertain- ment of a single Vaidya Pandit, that the Council could not recede from ISyO.] Address. 39 their condition that the Editor should employ a Vaidya Pandit, whose name must be submitted for approval. Babu Haran Chandra Gupta was appointed to act as Assistant Librarian during the absence on leave of Mr. J. H. Elliott. The lists of OfiBce Bearers and Members of Council for 1890 were ordered to be circulated to the Members of Council. Deceinher 19th, Ordinary Meeting. On the application of Pandit Chandrakanta Tarkalankara, the loan of a Manuscript of the Parasara Madhava-Vyavahara-kanda was obtained from the Benares College, to assist him in editing the Parasara Madhava for the Bibliotheca Indica. A Catalogue drawn up by Dr. Hoernle of a collection of coins formed by Captain De Lgessoe in Central Asia, submitted by the Trustees of the Indian Museum, was accepted for publication as a sup- plement to the Journal, Part I, the Trustees contributing two-thirds of the whole cost of printing, in return for 150 separate copies. The lists of Office Bearers and Members of Council for the ensui no- year were approved. Mr. C. Little was appointed a Trustee of the Indian Museum on behalf of the Asiatic Society in the vacancy caused by the resignation of Dr. Rajendralala Mitra. The Report having been read the President invited the meeting to put any questions or to offer any remarks which any member might think necessary in connection therewith. No remai'ks having been offered the President moved the adoption of the report. The motion was unanimously carried. The President then addressed the Meeting. ^ DDRESS. It is unnecessary for me to say much more regarding the workino- of the Society after the report which has just been read. It is satis- factory to note that our member list showed a small increase and that the publications of the year have been unusually voluminous and, in point of interest and variety of the subjects treated on, compare favourably with those of previous years. Also that the Catalogue of Tibetan MSS. has been published and that of the Persian works in the Library is ap- proaching completion. The year has necessarily been one of quiet and as far as possible, of economy, in order to allow our finances to recover 40 Address. [Feb. from the heavy expenditure of the previous year. We have good reason to be proud of the volumes forming our Journal for the past year and they bear the strongest testimony to the energy and industry of the editors and to the recognised value of the Journal as a medium of pub- lishing the work of our members ; but as we were hardly prepared for so heavy an expenditure on plates in bringing out those published during the last two years, coming so soon after the repairs to our building had exhausted our temporary reserve fund, some curtailment in this respect will be necessary to clear off our liabilities on this head. As I remarked last year, the ordinary income is scarcely sufficient to meet our annual requirements, and unless we desire to see our permanent vested fund dwindling steadily down, we must endeavour to keep our expenses well within our income, however much we may regret the necessity, and the consequent limitation of our publications and other useful work. There is no immediate pressure, but in order to guard, if possible, against a con- tingency that seems likely to occur if it is not checked at once, I think it my duty to give this word of warning, and I would very earnestly impress upon our members the necessity of ipcreasing the resources of the Society and of prompt payment of their subscriptions. There is, I am sorry to say, always a very large outstanding on this account which causes great inconveiiience and loss. I much regret that an unusually heavy pressure of work in connec- tion with the new Photographic and Lithographic Office buildings and the removal of the offices into them, as well as failing health, which obliged me to take a short change to Europe for three months, have made it impossible for me to devote so much time as I could have wished to the aifairs of the Society, or to do all that I had hoped to have done during my Presidentship. I have again to very warmly acknowledge the assistance given me by the office-bearers in carrying on the affairs of the Society and by our late President, Mr. Atkinson, who kindly acted for me during my absence. I would remind you that the valuable services of our officers are given to the Society voluntarily and at the sacrifice of their private time and leisure, and I would ask you for a very hearty vote of thanks to Mr. Wood-Mason, who, as Vice-President, continues to give the Society the benefit of his labours and long experience in editing the Natural History and Physical Science part of the Journal ; to our Honorary Secretaries, Dr. Hoernle, who continues so ably to carry on the work connected with the Philological and Historical part of our Journal, and Mr. Little, the General Secretary and editor of the Proceed- ings ; and to our Treasurer, Dr. W. King. {The vote was passed unani- mously.) I would also say a word in praise of the zeal and industry of Mr. Ronaldson, our Assistant Secretai'y, and of the subordinate staff. 1890.] Address. 41 Obituary. I grieve to say that the hand of death has removed from among us many of our valued Honorary and Ordinary Members during the year. Among the Honoraiy Members : — Colonel Sir Henry Yule, R. B. K. C. S. I., C. B., joined the Society as an Ordinary Member on the 2nd July 1856, and was elected an Honorary Member in April 1876. He contributed several papers to the Journal, including " Notes on the Kasia Hills and People," and " an account of the ancient Buddhist remains at Pagan." In 1855 he was attached to Sir A. Phayre's mission to the Court of Ava and wrote a very valuable and graphic account of it. The Map of Burma which accompanied it was until quite recently almost the standard map of that country. He retired in 1862 and devoted his leisure to geographical and philological studies, resulting in his publish- ing several valuable works, the first of which was " Cathay and the way thither," an account of the attempts to reach China overland during the Middle Ages. This was followed by his well-known scholarly edition of the "Book of Ser Marco Polo." In 1886 he brought out a " Glossary of Anglo-Indian Terms," which was commenced in connection with Dr. Burnell, and is sometimes known as " Hobson Jobson." His last work was illustrating and annotating the " Diary of William Hedges," a work which contains much that is interesting regarding the early history of Calcutta and other early English settlements in India, and the third and last volume of which was published last year by the Hakluyt Society, of which he was for a long while President. Nominated a life member of the India Council in 1875 he did much to encourage geographical work in this country, both officially and pri- vately, by his readiness to assist any one interested in such woi-k by kindly help and support, as I can personally testify. I think I shall only faintly express the general sentiment when I say that in Sir Henry Yule, Indian, though I ought more properly perhaps to say Asiatic, Geography has lost one of its best friends and most able exponents. Dr. William Wright, Fellow of Queen's College, Cambridge, and Sir Thos. Adams' Professor of Arabic died on the 22nd May. He was elected an Honorary Member in December 1881, and enjoyed a cosmo- politan reputation as an Arabic scholar. Among his works may be cited an Ai'abic Dictionary ; Opuscula Arabica, collected from the MSS. in the University of Leyden, and the ^' Kamil" of El-Mubarrad. He had lately been preparing for the press the " Dewan ", of Jarir, and the " Nakaid ", of Jarir and al-Tarazdak. A man of genial nature and sterling character, always ready to assist his brother Orientalists, his loss is severely felt not only at Cambridge, where he was best known, but universally. 42 AJdress. [Per. Dk. J. Prescott Joule, F. R. S. wlio died in October last, was elected a special Honoraiy Member on the occasion of the Centenary of the Society in 1884. An expert and persevering experimentalist, he discovered, in 1841, the mechanical equivalent of heat, from which he deduced the law of the conservation of energy, and that energy is in the same degree as indestructible and uncreatable as matter. This law, now -universally recognised, has worked a revolution in science and led to many important discoveries in thermo-dynamics, electro-dynamics and the dynamical theory of gases, as well as in biology. He was for many years closely connected with the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester as Secretary, Vice-President and President. Among the Ordinary Members — Dr. Francis Day, C. I. E., was elected a member of the Society in April 1869, and is best known as the leading authority on ichthyology and fish culture generally, though more particularly in connection with the fish and fisheries of this country. His *■ Fishes of Malabar' appear- ed in 1865, and in 1875 he commenced the publication of his great work on the " Fishes of India ", which was completed in 1878, though a sup- plement was published last year. At the time of his death Dr. Day had completed the MSS. of two volumes on the " Fishes of India " to form part of the new " Fauna of British India " now being brought out under Dr. W. T. Blanford's supervision. These volumes have both been lately published. Dr. Day contributed several papers to our Journal and Proceedings, the principal being his " Monograph of the Indian Gy- prinidcB " and " Notes on Fish collected by Dr. Stoliczka in Kachh." He died on the 10th July, at Cheltenham. Dr. D. Waldie was elected an Ordinary Member in November 1865, and at the time of his death was a member of our Council. He had a considerable share in the discovery of the use of chloroform as an anaes- thetic, and was a sound chemist. He contributed several papers to our Journal and Proceedings, chiefly connected with the effective filtration of the Calcutta water supply. Mr. B. J. Jones, Deputy Superintendent of the Geological Survey, who died on the 15th October last, was elected an Ordinary Member in August 1884 and contributed papers to the Proceedings " on some nodular stones from the Bay of Bengal." He was a member of the Physical Science and Natural History Committees and promised to be a very useful member of the Society. His premature death is much to be regretted. Mr. Otto Christian Rehling Moller was elected an Ordinary Member in December 1883. He was born at Copenhagen in January 1848, and was educated as a Civil Engineer, After being employed 189U.] Address. 43 for some years in the construction of the Danish railways, he came to India in December 1876, and took up the management of a tea-garden in the Sikkim Terai, but owing to ill-health he took the appointment of first assistant on the Tukvar tea estate near Darjeeling. In Europe, he had devoted much of his leisure to the study of Birds' eggs and Lepidop- tera ; in India he followed with ardour the same pursuits and in addition made a large collection of bird skins. He sent numerous notes on the nidification of Indian birds to Mr. Allan Hume, which will be found spread over the latter's works on the Avi-fauna of India. He made the most extensive collection ever got together of the Lepidoptera of Sikkim and Bhutan, of which the rhopalcerous portions alone numbered nearly 600 species. In conjunction with Mr. J. H. Elwes, he wrote a paper on the Butterflies of Sikkim, published iu the Transactions of the Ento- mological Society of London, for 1888. He died on January 25th, 1889, at the early age of 41. Shams-dl-Ulama Maulvi Kabir-ud-din Ahmad Khan Bahadur was first elected an ordinary member in June 1869, and had long been con- nected with the work of the Society in the Bihliotheca Indica. He was for many years Resident Munshi and Assistant Examiner of the Central Madrassa Examinations, and was afterwards appointed Munshi to the General Board of Examiners, which post he held till he died. He was oue of the Persian Editors of the Bihliotlieca Indica for upwards of twenty years. He also started a press and published a large number of Arabic and Persian works. He was made Khan Bahadur in 1875, and the title of Shams-ul-Ulama was conferred on him a year or two ago. MAHAR.4JA IsvARiPRAsHAD SiNGH, C. S. I., of Benares, was one of the oldest members of our Society, having been elected an ordinary member in 1853. The Hon. Rao Sahib Visvanath Narayana Mandlik, C. S. I. was elected a member in May 1880. He was best known for his ' Commen- taries on the Institutes of Mami,' and did not contribute to the Society's Journal or Proceedings. Annual Review. I propose now, as last year, to place before you a brief review of the progress of Science and Oriental Literature and Philology in India and its neai'er borderlands during the year, so far as I have been able, under the difficulties already mentioned, to collect them. I had, indeed at one time lately felt myself obliged, owing to j^ress of work, to give up the idea of giving you an address in this form ; but as I felt that it was most desirable, if possible, to keep up the sequence of these annual reviews I have endeavoured to do what I could, and trust that you will excuse any shortcomings. 44 Address. [Feb. At the same time I must confess that the task imposed upon our Presidents of giving an annaal address is, as Mr. Medlicott remarked in his very practical address as President tea years ago, somewhat more or less of an incubus. Coming as it does at the busy season of the year, it is really very difficult to find time to put together anything like satisfactory resume of the literary and scientific work of the year and for the same reason, one feels disinclined to ask one's friends to share the labour, though I must gratefully acknowledge the kind assist- ance I have received in preparing my address last year and again this year. During the year steady and active progress seems to have been made in India in all branches of the subjects falling within our ordinaiy scope, thouo-h there is nothing exceptional to record. As usual, we have to look to the scientific departments of Government for the principal addi- tions to our knowledge of Indian geography, geology and mineralogy, meteorology, botany (scientific and economic), chemistry, archaeology, biology and, to a very great extent, of zoology, which seems to be the one subject that appeals moi-e than any other to the private worker. It is satisfactory to note the increasingly practical and remunerative tendency of the work done in the Glovernment scientific departments, though pure science is by no means neglected. There are few countries where so much scientific work is done by Grovernment as in India, as evi- denced by the many valuable publications that are yearly brought out in the branches of science above enumerated. When we contrast the state of Indian scientific literature now with what it was when I joined the service some 30 years ago, the value and amount of the work of this kind done by the Government will be clearly seen. There were then no Archgeological Surveys, no Meteorological Department, no Scientific Annals of any kind except, I believe, the Records of the Geological Survey, and the Reports of the Great Trigonometrical Survey. The principal Museum in the country was our own, and most of the scientific work done was by members of our Society. As I remarked last year, it is in many ways an advantage that scientific work in India should be centralised in departments under Government, still it is to be reo-retted that there are not more private workers in the field. I have been very much struck in going through the scientific literature of the year to see how little attention seems to be paid to India as a field for scientific work, especially considering the comparatively large number of travellers and visitors who now come to this country and often spend some time here. Of scientific works, either in English on the vei'nacularu, by native authors, there appear to be few or none beyond elementary school books. I am glad, however, to hear that more 1890.] Address. 45 attention is being paid to scientific pursuits among the natives of this countiy, though it must naturally be long before the scientific habit of investigation can be fully developed among them. Three Bengali students have just passed the M. A. examination in Zoology, and one in Geology. This is encouraging, and it is to be hoped that in time they will do good original work, and that their example will be followed by others. The opening of Technical Institutes in the Bombay Presidency and the Punjab is also an encouraging sign of advance, though I feel some doubt as to whether such Institutes are really the best means of thoroughly teaching handicrafts, and whether some such arrangement as appears to be followed in Europe of special schools attached to various guilds, would not be more successful. I speak, however, with an imperfect knowledge of the subject. The great thing, it seems to me, is to teach the youngster the use of his hands and eyes, and when this is once attained, the further development can be left to work itself out. A good training of the eye in drawing and of the hands in simple carpentry and smith's work would instil a habit of observation and exactness and be a very good foundation to begin upon for subse- quent technical or scientific education. Our Society. Of our Journal, Part I, devoted to philology, antiquities and litera- ture, two parts only were published during the year, with 6 plates. Mr. Grierson's valuable essay on the Modern Vernacular Literature of Hindustan, which was noticed in last year's address, has been published, after considerable revision, as a special number of the Journal, Part I, for 1888. Special attention may be drawn to the joint paper in No. 2 by Mr. V. A. Smith and Dr. Hoernle on the inscribed seal of Kumara Gupta II, which is accompanied by a synchronistic table of the reigns of the Early Guptas and their contemporaries and immediate successors, and is illustrated by an excellent collotype plate. There are two papers on coins by Mr. Oliver and Dr. Hoernle ; a paper on the Antiqui- ties of Rampal, by Mr, Asutosh Gupta ; our whilom guest, Mr. Lanman bas contributed a note on the Namuchi-myth, and Babu Sarat Chandra Das, C. I. E. has given an account of the life of Sumpa Khan-po, the author of the Rehumig. The Journal, Part II, No. 4, of 1888, contains 9 papers, illustrated by 14 plates, including 3 coloured ones of butterflies illustrating Mr. de Niceville's paper on new or little known Butterflies from the Indian Region, and 6 to Mr. Blanford's List of Himalayan Ferns from about Simla. Babu Asutosh Mukhopadhyay contributes a paper on the Dif- 46 Address. [Feb. ferential Equation of all Parabolas. There are two other Entomological papers, one by Mr. E. T. Atkinson on Indian Rhyncliota, and on the Butterflies of the Nilgiri District, by Mr. Gr. F. Hampson. Mr. S. A. Hill has a note on the Psychrometer and the condensing Hygrometer. Mr. Anderson describes a new ciliate Infusorian. General Collett, C. B. contributes a paper on the geological structure of the Myelat district in Burma and Mr. Wood-Mason has a note on some objects found by Mr. Driver in a neolithic settlement in Chutia Nagpur. The volume for 1889, of which four numbers and two supplements have already been published, contains no less than 23 papers, illustrated by 23 plates. Our Vice-President, Mr. E. T. Atkinson, 0. 1. E., contributes several valuable entomological papers which will be noticed hereafter, and the Supplement No. 1, with 199 pages of letterpress, is devoted to his two Catalogues of the order Coleoptera, family Cincindelidce, and of the order Rliynchota, sub-order Hemiptera — Heteroptera, family Capsidce. These Catalogues form part of a proposed complete " Catalogue of the Insecta of the Oriental Region." The remaining papers deal with many branches of science : Mr. Hill has given a very full account of the Tor- nadoes and Hailstorms of April and May 1888 in the Doab and Rohil- khand. Babu Asutosh Mukhopadhyay contributes three papers on pure Mathematics — " On some applications of Elliptic Functions to problems of mean values " and on the " Geometi-ic Interpretation of Monge's Dif- ferential Equation to all Conies." Our Vice-President, Mr. Wood- Mason, has a short notice of a neolithic Celt fi'om Jashpur in the Chutia Nagpur District, besides a paper on the Ethiopian and Oriental representatives of the Mantodean sub-family Vatidoi. Dr. Alcock has given us a con- tinuation of the valuable papers on the results of the cruises of the Indian Marine Survey Steamer "Investigator" under Commander Car- penter, R. N., including an important paper on the Fishes of the Bay of Bengal. Of Botanical papers there are three — one by Dr. Gr. King, C. I. E., F. R. S., on the Flora of the Malayan Peninsula ; Dr. A. Barclay gives a list of the Uredinece of Simla, and Dr. Prain describes some new species of Pedicidaris. Mr. A. Pedler gives a paper on the Volatility of Mercury and its compounds, and Mr. Anderson a note on Indian Botifers. The second supplement is a reprint of some Tables of Metric Weights and Measures, prepared by myself with the assistance of Mr. T. A. Pope, and revised by Mr. W. H. Cole, M. A., at the Survey of India Office, Dehra Dun. They were mainly intended for use in my own office, but as they appeared likely to be useful for general purposes, they have been published separately, and Colonel Thuillier, the Surveyor General, was kind enough to obtain the permission of Government to their being printed as a siTpplemcnt to the Society's Journal before the type was liroken up. 1890,] Address. 47 Of tlie Proceedings, edited by the General Secretary, Mr. Little, 10 numbers have been published. They contain, besides the interesting reports on coins by Dr. Hoernle, several short papers, among which may be noted Mr. W. L. Sclater's on a collection of Mammals from Shahpur in the Panjab ; a note on the use of Alizarin Blue in photo- graphing the red end of the Spectrum and of the new dye Rhodamine for orthochromatic photography ; notes on Jay Mangalagarh, by Mr. Asutosh Gupta, C. S., and on three new Hemoptera by M. L. Lathiery. Bibliotheca Indica. Good progress has been made in the publica- tion of the works in hand in the Arabic and Persian, the Sanskrit and the Tibetan series of the Bibliotheca Indica. Three new publications have been taken in hand, viz., — the Tazuk-i-Jehdngiri, in the Arabic- Persian, and the Mdrkandeya Ptirdna and Brihad-devata in the Sanskrit. The Igdbdh and the Mimtakhabic-t-Tawdrikh, in the Arabic-Persian series, and the Manu Tikd Sangraha and Sdmkhyd Sutra Vritti, in the Sanskrit series, have been completed. Barrisal Guns. The Sub-Committee of the Society which was ap- pointed in the previous year to investigate the causes of the mysterious sounds known as Barrisal guns have submitted their report which was published in the Proceedings for August. The Committee are of opinion that the evidence is very strongly in favour of the sounds being closely connected with the river banks. Mr. Manson's theory of echoes from the river banks is supported by strong circumstantial evidence, and explains many peculiarities noticed in connection with the sounds ; it at least deserves, therefore, that effoi^ts should be made to disprove it. By thus narrowing the enquiry it is more likely that some definite result may be arrived at. Great credit is due to Mr. Little, our General Secretary, for the labour he has devoted to this investigation and the working out of the various observations. It is to be hoped that further attention may be paid to the subject by skilled observers, and that we may now be able to ascertain something moi-e definite as to the actual origin of the sounds. Other Societies and Institutions. Microscopical Society. This Society has just published its second annual report and appears to be making good progress under the President- ship of Mr. Wood- Mason. Considerable additions have been made to the Society's cabinet and a very complete gas microscope has been pre- sented to the Society by Sir Henry S. Cunningham. Many interesting papers have been read at the meetings. Among them — a note on the sound-producing organs of Crustacea, with special reference to those of the Stomatopoda, by the President. Descriptions of new microscopic ap- 48 Address. [Feb- paratus, by Mr. E. J. Jones, late Vice-President. On a species of Po- dophrya ionnd in water from the "Triangular Tank" in Park Street, by Mr. W. J. Simmons, the Secretary. On some Flosctiles found in Calcutta tank- water and Notes on Indian Rotifers, by our member Mr. H. H. Anderson. The latter paper has been published in our Journal. The Bombay Natural History Society, continues to flourish and increase its sphere of usefulness. When in Bombay last December, I was much pleased with the admirable little Museum of natural history curiosities the Society has got together under the care of Mr. Phipson, the energetic Secretary, who was kind enough to point out to me the principal objects of interest. Four numbers of the Journal have been published during the year containing several interesting papers which will be noticed under their respective heads. Among them may be specially mentioned Lieut. H. E. Barnes' papers on Nesting in Western India, illustrated with 3 coloured plates. Mr. Oates' paper on Indian and Burmese Scorpions, also illustrated with a plate. Mr. de Niceville's on new and little known Butterflies from the Indian Region, with two coloured plates. A note on man-eating Tigers, by Mr. Reginald Grilbert, and Mrs. J. C. Lisboa's short notes on the Odoriferous Grasses of India and Ceylon. Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. Fi'om the last pub- lished report this Society appears to be doing well and the member list is increasing. Papers have been read at the meetings by Mr. J. J. Modi — " The Karun River opened to trade by the Persian Govern- ment;" by Dr. P. Peterson, " Nyayabindhu of Dharmotavra, a Bud- dhist woi^k on Logic ; " by the Hon'ble Mr. Justice K. T. Telang, C. I. E., "The date of Pui^anawarma and Sankaracharya." Dr. Peter- son has been obliged to resign the Secretaryship after holding it for 6 years and is succeeded by Mr. Tajnik. Turning now to the work done by our Indian Museum and kindred Institutions, it is satisfactory to observe that the various Museums in different parts of India seem to be exerting a great educational influence on the teeming masses in this country. It is reported more than once that the native visitors to the Museums are com- mencing to take a really intelligent interest in the collections and do not come only as mere sight-seers. Mr. Thurston, the Superintendent of the Madras Museum, has estimated the cost-rate of each visitor to the Museum to be between 1 and 2 annas, and following up the same idea and applying it to different other Museums in various parts of India, it is somewhat remarkable to find how close the cost-rates are for all of them, and at what a very small cost per visitor these Museums are maintained. In most cases it is little over an anna, or about one penny a head. 1890.] Address. 49 It may not be out of place to note the importance of the work of provincial and local Museums being confined, as far as possible, to the complete illustration of the products of their own particular provinces or localities. This should be their primary object, in order that students desii'ous of consulting the collections may at once feel sure that the exhibits belong to that locality, and to no other. This system, no doubt, entails some loss of educational power, but if objects from other localities are admitted, their place of production or origin should be very dis. tinctly marked upon them and, if possible, they should be kept quite apart from the local collections. Indian Museum. This great institution, with which our Society is so intimately connected, continues its work in the directions which have been noticed in previous addresses from this chair. You will be glad to hear that the new extension in Sudder Street, for the accommodation of the Ethnological, Economic and Art collections, taken over from the Government of Bengal, is making x'apid progress towards completion, and, it is hoped, may be ready for the reception of the collections in the course of a few months. The Museum was visited during the year 1888-89 by 393,311 per- sons, at a cost-rate per person of about 2*6 annas, inclusive of the Economic Section. The publications issued by the Trustees during the year have been almost exclusively entomological and include Part I. of a Monograph of Oriental Gicadidoi, by Mr. W. L. Distant. This work is illustrated by plates which will be of service to workers in India in the determination of their collections, while the account that is given of each species is in- tended to dispense with the tedious references to obscure publications hitherto required in studying this group of insects. The part deals with 28 species. The first part of a ^^ Catalogue of the Mantodea," by Mr. Wood- Mason, has been issued. This work, which deals with 87 species, is illustrated with numerous woodcuts, and includes the results of the attention which its writer has for many years devoted to this small but interesting family of Orthojptera. The second part is making good progress. The Catalogue of the Moths of India, by Mr. E. C. Gotes and Col. Swinhoe, noticed in the addresses of the past two years, has at length been completed with the issue of parts V, VI and VII. with Index, which have appeared during the year. This Catalogue gives the synonymy and geographical distribution, so far as it is known, of the Moths that have been described as occurring in India and Ceylon. It includes some 5000 species and is a valuable contribution to Indian Entomology. 50 Address. [Feb, Mr. de Niceville has continued his work on the Butterflies of India, of which volume III, containing the Lyccenidce, lias just been published. To facilitate the study of Indian Entomology, the publication has been commenced, in our Journal of a series of Catalogues of the various groups of Oriental Insecta. Two of these Catalogues, compris- ing the Gicindelidcd and Gapsidce, have been compiled by our late President, Mr. E. T. Atkinson, C. I. E., and published as a Supplement to Part II. of the Journal. Mr. Atkinson's work has been taken as the model upon which the catalogues of other groups are to be constructed as entomologists can be found to undertake them. Mr. Atkinson has also commenced a similar catalogue of CarahidcB, while progress has been made with the catalogues of the OrtTioptera, Neuroptera, and Dip- tera, undertaken by Dr. Henri de Saussure, Mens, le Baron de Selys Longchamps, and Mons. J. Bigot respectively, whilst Mr. Cameron's " Catalogue of the Oriental Hymenoptera " provides for that group. Progress has been made with the classification of the general ento- mological collections of the Indian Museum, where large numbers of fresh specimens have been received and their determination in many cases effected with the aid of entomologists in different parts of the world. The object kept in view has been the formation of a complete and reliably identified series of Indian Insects, which shall be available for reference, so as to reduce the difficulty which has hitherto existed in obtaining the identification of species. An appeal has been made by Mr. Atkinson, as Chairman of the Trustees, to entomologists in Europe to assist in the determination of the unnamed portion of the Museum collections. A large number of English and foreign entomologists have agreed to work out certain groups, but aid is still required for portions of the Neuroptera, the Pseudo-neuroptera, and a few families of the Cole- optera, which it is hoped may be forthcoming. I last year noticed that the special attention of the Trustees had been given to the investigation of insect pests destructive to crops, and that arrangements had been made for systematic work on Indian Eco- nomic Entomology. Further progress has been made, under the editor- ship of Mr. E. C. Cotes, who has devoted himself most zealously to this question, not only in the investigation of the species which are of economic importance as pests destructive to crops, bat also to those which are producers of articles of commercial value, such as silk and lac. These practical applications of scientific entomology have been conducted by Mr. Cotes in cooperation with the Agricultural and Forest officers of the Government and with the aid which has been freely afforded by planters and other private persons in different parts of the country. The information collected is being published in a new 1890.] Address. 51 periodical entitled " Indian Museum Notes," which has taken the place of the '* Notes on Economic Entom,ology," mentioned in my address last year, of which only two numbers appeared. Two numbers of the new periodical, with notes on a large series of economic insects, have already appeared, and farther numbers, including detailed reports on Indian silk insects and locusts, by Mr. Cotes, and on the mosquito blight on tea and the ravages of Aphides in orchards, by Mr. E. T. Atkinson, are in progress. The periodical is illustrated with heliogravure plates taken from the original pencil drawings by the Museum artists. It is distributed to those who assist in the investiga- tion, and a medium of communication is thus established between work- ers in different localities. The investigation is a large and complicated one, but it is gratifying to know that steady progress is being made by the determination of most of the important species, while infor- mation is accumulating on the subject of their life-histories. In this work all can help, and with the general recognition of the importance of the subject, both as'a means of counteracting the ravages of injurious pests and of stimulating the production of valuable economic products, as well as by the introduction of entomological teaching into the courses of study at Cooper's Hill and the Forest School at Dehra Dun, the number of those who take an intelligent interest in the subject is gradually in- creasing in different parts of India. It should be mentioned that the whole expenditure connected with this publication is borne by the Go- vernment of India in the Revenue and Agricultural Department. A new Catalogue of the Books in the Museum Library compiled under Mr. Wood-Mason's direction, by Mr. R. L. Chapman, has just been issued. It contains several new features, especially in the way of copious cross-references. The bulk of the books is naturally zoological and the catalogue will be found of great value by students other than those consulting the Library. Mr. W. L. Sclater, the Deputy Superintendent, is continuing the Catalogue of Mammals^ commenced by Dr. Anderson, referred to in last year's Address. During the year a taxidermist has been employed to travel in various parts of the country with the object of teaching persons interested in zoology to prepare skins, on condition that they collect for the Museum ; in the hope that in this way a number of collectors will be spread all over the country and the Museum collections en- riched. The scheme was initiated by the Revenue and Agricultural Department of the Government of India, and has, I am glad to say worked well under the immediate superintendence of Mr. Sclater. Many new specimens have been received in the Museum collected by the 52 Address. [Feb. travelling taxidermists or contributed by gentlemen who have had the benefit of their teaching or services. Under the energetic supervision of Dr. Alcock, the naturalist to the Marine Survey, the dredging operations carried out in connec- tion with the Survey work of the Indian Marine Survey Steamer " Investigator," under Commander Alfred Carpenter, R. N., continue to brino- in ffood harvests of results for the benefit of the Indian Museum and also of our Journal. Dr. Alcock has worked out the Fishes of the Bay of Bengal which had been brought together since the commence- ment of the Survey, and has published the results in two papers in our Journal and one in the Annals and Magazine of Nahtral History, which will be duly noticed hereafter. Dr. Alcock's investigations shew that the Museum collection of deep-sea Fishes is probably rivalled only by the great collections in the British Museum and United States National Museum. In the last published Report of the Trustees, 1888-1889, many very important contributions to the collections of Marine Zoology made by the Survey are noted by Mr. Wood-Mason, besides others in the In- vertebrate and Vertebrate collections, among which may be specially mentioned Dr. J. Scully's donation of no less than 2,765 skins of Birds, nearly all collected by himself in Turkistan, Nepal and Gilgit, and of about 200 specimens of Mammals collected in the same regions. The Journal of the Linnean Society, Vol. XXI, contains a further instalment of the Reports on the collections made in the Mergui Archi- pelago for the Trustees by Dr. J. Anderson, F. R. S., and this completes the work. The reports include Pennatulida, by Professor A. M. Mar- shall, F. R. S., and Dr. G. Herbert Fowler ; the Myriopoda, by Mr. R. J. Pocock ; the Comatulce, by Dr. P. H. Carpenter, F. R. S. ; the Echinoidea, by Professor P. Martin Duncan, F. R. S., and Mr. W. P. Sladen ; the Asteroidea by Mr. W. P. Sladen ; Mammals, Reptiles and Batrachians by Dr. J. Anderson, F. R. S. These will all be further noticed hereafter under " Zoology." The Economic Section has made good progress and much useful work has been done towards making a type collection of the most im- portant economic products. It is, however, difiicult to do much in this or other directions till the completion of the new buildings in Sudder Street. At the instance of the Grovernmentof India in the Revenue and Agricultural Department, an important collection of Indian Fibres has been undertaken. It is intended to distribute the specimens to the Imperial Institute and to various institutions in England. The LxicTcjiow Museum. Under charge of Dr. A. Fiihrer this Museum has made good progress during 1888-89. Large additions, chiefly zoo- 1890.] Address. 53 logical, were made to the collections ; among them, a nearly complete collection of the avi-fauna of the Himalayas, from Masuri, Darjil- ing and Native Sikkim ; a fairly representative collection of sea-fishes and marine invertebrates, and a collection of the moths and butterflies of the Kumaon Hills. Dr. Fiihrer reports that the country people, who come in crowds, display a real and intelligent interest in the zoological collections. In the Art section, also, several additions have been made to the collections, the greatest care being exercised to procure good old speci- mens of indigenous art-work and ornament, in order to keep up the standard by letting the native artist see only chefs d'oeuvres of his art. The archjBological collections and coin cabinet have also received some important additions which will be noticed hereafter. A valuable collection of fossils and other remains found at Benares during the sinking of the " wells " for the piers of the Dufferin Bridge have been presented to the Museum, The publications of the Museum comprise a collection of the Pro- ceedings of the Committee of Management from 1883 to 1888, with the Curator's monthly reports, and accompanied by a short history of the Museum, which has just been published. The revised editions of the Catalogue of Birds and the Coin Catalogue were in the press. A des- criptive essay on the Pathan and Mogul Coinage of the Sultans of Delhi, based on the Museum collection, has been published in Urdu by Munshi Chhoti Lai. The Museum was visited by 206,628 persons during the year, the cost per visitor admitted being about 1*1 anna. Government Central Museum, Madras. From the Report of Mr. Edgar Thurston, the Superintendent, for 1888-89 — it appears that the Museum was visited by 337,801 persons, or a much larger number of visitors than in any previous year, and the actual cost per visitor was nearly 1'25 anna. The " Catalogue of Batrachians of South India" referred to last year, was issued, and the " History of the Coinage of the East India Company " was in the press. Lists of the Butterflies of South India and of the Eggs of Indian birds contained in the Museum were printed for distribution. Several rare coins were acquired and are noticed elsewhere, A Catalogue of the Mineralogical collections and of Meteorites recorded to have fallen in Southern India, pre- pared by Mr. Bosworth Smith, was in the press. The Archseolo- gical collections received many valuable additions from Mr. A. Rea, of the Archaeological Survey of Southern India, including a quantity of pottery from cairns and cromlechs and sculptures from Amravati and other Buddhist sites. 54 Address, [Feb. A report on a second collection of Sponges made by Mr. Thurston in the Gulf of Manaar was published by Mr. Arthur Dendy, in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Fourteen of the twenty-four determinable species forming the collection are new. In Mr. Thurston's report a list is given of butterflies, mostly from the Nilgiris, added during the year, the numbering corresponding with Mr. Hampson's monograph published in our Journal for 1888 ; also lists of Birds and of Eggs of Indian birds. A specimen of BJiinodon, measuring 20 feet in length, was cast on shore at Madras and has been added to the Museum. Mr. Thurston has now in the press and nearly ready for issue " Notes on the Pearl and GhanJc Fislieries and Marine Fauna of the Gulf of Manaar," dealing with the Tuticorin Pearl Fishery ; Pearls from Mytilus smaragdinus and Placmia placenta ; the Tuticorin Chank Fisheiy ; the Ceylon Pearl Fishery ; Rameswaram Island ; Marine Fauna of the Gulf of Manaar. The Jeypore Museum. From a memorandum with which Dr. Hendley, the Secretary, has kindly favoured me on the progress of the Jeypore Museum during the past year, it appears that the Museum has been visited by about 237,501 persons during the year, or some 10,000 more than the year before. The visitors are observed to begin to show a more intelligent interest in the exhibits, and to study them instead of regarding them merely as curiosities. On one night in the week the rooms are illuminated with gas, and arrangements are also made for reserving admission to purdah women on special application. The building has been completed during the year. A series of 14 portraits in distemper of the Maharajahs of Jeypore since the time of Baber has been completed and adorns the entrance-hall of the Museum. New exhibits to the extent of Rs. 7,250 have been purchased and include typical collections of Indian shells and of Indian insects. Models illustrating the anatomy and physiology of the horse and of its dentition have been procured from Paris and are of use in teaching native farriers. A similar model of a man has been added and others illustrative of com- parative anatomy and zoology are expected shortly. Specimens of artificial flowers, cai'eful studies of nature by Miss C. Janch, of Breslau, have been added in the Botanical Section, also relief maps, models of Indian snakes, and of the head of a cobra dissected to shew the poisonou s glands and fangs. Analyses of 28 kinds of Indian foods and beverages are also illustrated. The total expenditure for 1889, all of which has been met by the the Durbar, has amounted to Rs. 17,549, so that the cost-rate per visitor has been about 1"14 anna. 1890.] Address, 55 Dr, Hendley lias published an illustrated work on " Ulwar and its Art Treasures. Colombo 3Iuseum. I learn from Mr. Haly that the only subject likely to be of interest is the acquisition of a skeleton of a whale found on the shores of the Gulf of Manaar. Unfortunately it is not complete, the jaw-bones being missing, but it is hoped that they may yet be re- covered. It seems to have been killed by a steamer, from the damage done to the head. It is evidently one of the Physeteridoe, Cachalots or Spermaceti Whales, and is a high-finned Cachalot. This find is of great importance because only one high-finned Cachalot, is known, viz., Phy- seter turio, Linn. ; and that only from a description by Sibbald of one that came into the Frith of Forth in 1859. There are no bones of any animal of this species in any Museum in the world, so that the present find may probably be what Dr. Gray called " the great desideratum of Zoology," an almost complete skeleton of Physeter turio. If it is not this, it must be entirely new to science. Sioyal Botanic Garden Calcutta. The chief improvement effected within the year 1888-89, was the extension and completion of the Palm House, which now forms a magnificent conservatory in the form of an octagon, the length of each side being 85 feet and the diameter of the whole 210 feet. The approaches to the garden have been much improved by the continuation of the road along the river bank from Howrah, which, when completed, will affoi'd a pleasant and convenient means of reaching the garden. A commodious landing-stage has also been constructed at the liver gate. The Herbarium collections have received considerable accessions, in- eluding a large collection from the Shan Hills, received from Brigadier- General H. Collett, C. B. From Kew, a third set of Mr. 0. B. Clarke's extensive collections in the Eastern Frontier countries, made during his last visit to India, has been received. The value of the collection is greatly enhanced by each specimen being accompanied by a note in Mr. Clarke's own hand. A large number of specimens were received from, the Perak Museum, also a set of the Dipterocarps of Penang from Mr. Curtis of the Forest Department of the Straits Settlements. Some interesting specimens from the N. W. Himalayas were received from Mr. Duthie. Zoological Garden Calcutta. From the last report of this garden for 1888-89, it is satisfactory to learn that it continues to thrive and be a great source of amusement and instruction to the Calcutta public, as well as to the large number of strangers who flock to Calcutta, The income from visitors showed a large increase. Daring the year the new lying in den for the lioness was built, and the new sheltei'ed bird-house, referred to in 56 Address. [Feb, last year's address, lias been completed. The report notices the educa- tional influence the gardens are beginning to have. In a recently pub- lished Bengali book on nursery education, the author gives a discussion on the instinct and habits of animals, as they may be studied in the course of a visit to the garden, with a view to stimulating the faculty of observation in the youthful mind. Oriental History, Literature and Linguistic Studies. The year seems to have been particularly fruitful in the results of literary activity and antiquarian research in this country. Greater atten- tion also seems to be paid to Oriental literature in Barope than former- ly, and as the first of Asiatic Societies founded for investigation within the limits of Asia, we must welcome the efforts now being made in London to extend the knowledge of Oriental Studies and Literature by the estab- lishment of the School of Modern Oriental Studies connected with the Imperial Institute in union with University College and King's College, London, of which the inaugural Address was delivered by Professor Mas Miiller last month. Similar schools have already been established in Russia, France, Austria and Germany, and their success has no doubt led to the institution of the present school in London. It is, of course, of hio-h importance that men destined for an Eastern career should, if possible, receive some preliminary training and knowledge of the lan- guages and people of the countries in which their future lot is to be cast. The East India Company fully recognised this, and as an alumnus of one of their training colleges, I must acknowledge with grateful pride the advantages I derived from my early training there. But after all, the best and most valuable knowledge is that acquii-ed by practical ex- perience and life, and as we go en we find that much of our preliminary teaching has to be unlearnt or is useless. The best of schools for India is India itself, and to this may be attributed the fact that the want of an Oriental training-school has not been felt so much in England as in other countries. That such institutions are of use is undoubted, but we must not, I think, expect too much from them. The eighth International Congress of Orientalists, held at Stock- holm and Christiania, in September last, under the presidentship of His Majesty, King Oscar II, of Sweden and I^orway, seems to have been a well attended and successful one. It may be noted that Norway is the fatherland of many distinguished oriental scholars of whom Lassen, Holmboe and Skrefsrud are perhaps best known in connection with India. It was hoped that Mr. Grierson would have been able to attend on the Society's behalf, and Mons. Senart was also asked to represent the Society, bvit was unable to be present. A full account of the meeting 1890. ] Address. 57 has been given in Triihner's Record, and among the papers of particular interest to us in India may be cited — Professor Jolly's on the Law Code of Harita : Professor Oldenberg's on the Upanishads : Mr. Johann- son's on the Shahbazgarhi version of Asoka's Edicts ; Professor Biihler's on the Mansehra version of the 13th Edict of Asoka ; Professor Leu- m.ann's on the Avasyaka commentaries of Jain literatare t Professor Peterson's on the Nyayavindu-tika, an ancient Buddhist woi'k on logic. Dr. Burgess read a paper ou Archceological researches in India. A proposition by Professor Kuhn in favour of a scientific investiga- tion of the languages spoken on the N.-W. Frontier of India was adopted. The State Council of Kashmir has sanctioned the publication of a systematic catalogue of the Maharaja's collection of Sanskrit MSS. at Jammu, under the editorship of Dr. Aurel Stein, Principal of the Oriental College, Lahore. This collection was mainly formed by the late Maharajah Ranbir Sing and contains over 4000 works ; among them a very considerable number of Sanskrit MSS. It is preserved in the Raghunath Temple, at Jammu, and has never previously been explored by a European scholar. Dr. Stein has also been engaged in researches relating to the Bdja- tarangi7n of Kalhana, the Royal Chronicle of Kashmir, with a view to a new edition of this work. Dr. Stein has been able to secure the Godex Arclietypus of all extant Kashmir MSS, of the Rajatarangini, written in the 17th centuiy. The most important paper of historical interest in our Journal, Part I, is a joint paper by Mr. V, A, Smith and Dr. Hoernle giving a de- scription and reading of an inscribed seal of Kumara Gupta 11. A photocollotype plate of the seal to full size accompanies the paper. The seal was found at Bhitari, in the Ghazipur district N.-W. P., and is made of a mixture of about 63 parts of copper to 36 of silver. Dr. Hoernle has discovered that this seal is of far greater imjoortance than was at first supposed, because it is of a Kumara Gupta II. ; the inscription on it gives for the first time a genealogy of the early Gupta dynasty that enumei'ates nine generations instead of only the seven hitherto known, and this genealogy throws light upon many unsolved problems regarding the early Gupta coinage and the general course of Indian history during the period of the dissolution of the Gupta empire. Dr. Hoernle has illustrated his remarks on the latter subject by the addition of a syn- chronistic table of the reigns of the early Guptas, their contemporaries and successors. This paper certainly forms a veiy valuable and im- portant contribution to early Indian history. Babu Saratchandra Das, C. I. E,, has contributed an interesting 58 Address. [Feb, paper on the Life of Sumpa Khan-po, the autlioi' of the Re/iumig, a Tibetan chronological table, comprising 12 Vrihaspati cycles of 60 years, each commencing with A. D. 1026 and ending in A. D. 1745. A trans- lation of this table is given in the paper. He has edited Fasciculus No. 2 of the Avaddna Kalpalatd which has been issued in the Bibliotheca Indica, also for the same series, the Tibetan work Pagsan T'hi Shing, in prose, which will appear shortly. Mr. Grierson's valuable paper on Modern Veraacular Literature in Hindustan, noticed in last year's Address, has been much enlarged and published in book-form with collotype illustrations, as a special number of the Journal, Part I, for 1888. The Society is to be congratulated on having secured such an interesting and important work. From the scheme of the work the vernacular languages dealt with only include roughly, Marwari, Hindi and Bihari, with their respective dialects and Bubdialects ; consequently Sanskrit, Prakrit, Arabic, Persian and Urdu works are excluded. At the March meeting Babii Gaur Das Bysack read an interesting paper on a- Buddhistic Monastery at Bhot Bagan (Howrah), on two Tibetan MSS. found there, and on Puran Gir Gosain, the founder of the monastery. At the same meeting Mr. T. Munro exhibited some plans of old Calcutta, and read a note on the Founder and founding of Calcutta. Mr. V. A. Smith has presented a very valuable and suggestive paper on Grseco-Roman influence on the civilisation of Ancient India. In this ]3aper, which is now in course of publication, the author endeavours to trace the working on Indian soil of Greek ideas which resulted from the invasion of Alexander the Great, and which, though traceable in the fields of religion, poetry, science and philosophy, is most obvious in the domains of architecture and sculpture, with which the essay chiefly deals. Mr. W. H. P. Driver's paper on a tradition of Lohardugga also awaits publication. The works published in our Bibliotheca Indica have already been noticed. TJt.e Indian Antiquary, as usual, contains a large number of papers and notes of historical interest. Among which may be noted Dr. E. Hultzsch's collection of extracts from Kalhana's Bdjatarangini. Those from the 1st Taranga treat of the dynasty of Gonanda III, and a list is given of 24 kings of this dynasty. Pandit Natesa Sastri, continues his papers on Southern Indian Folklore, as does Putlibai D. H. Wadia his series on Folklore in Western India, and Taw Sein Ko commences a series on Folklore in Burma. Professor Kielhorn, C. I. E,, has a paper on the 60-year cycle of 1890.] Address. 59 Jupiter, and Mr. Fleet has a note on the same subject, as well as on the Coins and History of Toramana. In a paper on the country of Mala- kolta Dr. Hultzsch shows that this country is most probably Southern India beyond tlie Kaveri River. Dr. R. Schram gives a series of Tables for the conversion of Indian dates, which will be found of service in con- verting dates of our own calendar, or of the Hindii lunar-solar year or solar year into days of the Indian period and vice versa. Mr. J. F. Fleet, C. I. E., continues his notes on the calculation of Hindu dates. The Journal of tJie Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, contains papers on a new Edict of A'soka, by Mons. E. Senart ; on Nyayabindhutika of Dbarmotara, by Dr. Peterson ; Purnavarma and S'ankaracharya, by the Hon. K.*T. Telang ; the Epoch of the Gupta era and Phonology of the Vernaculars of Northern India, by Dr. R. G. Bliandakar. The Madras Journal of Literature and Science, for the session 1888- 89, contains several interesting papers. The most important is the second part of Dr. Oppert's exhaustive paper " On the Original In- habitants of Bharatavarsa, or India," in which he deals with the Gaudians, a term he derives from the root 7co, mountain. An account is given of the more important sections of the Gaudian population whose identification offered the least difficulty and who have from time immemorial occupied an acknowledged position among the inhabitants of India. The tribes specially treated of are the Kolis, Gaulis, Kulindas, Kois, Konds, Kands, Gonds, Kodagas, Todas, Kotas, Kuruvas, Kui-ubas or Kurumbas. The work is copiously annotated and will be very valuable to students of early life and language in India. The Rev. G. M. Rae gives a full investigation of the Legend of St. Thomas and comes to the conclusion that there is no evidence that St. Thomas ever did visit India, and that the traditions relating to him have their origin in the Persian founders of the Church of Malabar. M. Sethagiri Sastri has investigated the Etymology of some Mythological Names. Mrs. L. Fletcher gives a brief account of the life and travels in Southern India of Abu 'Abdullah Muhammad, or, as he is commonly known, Ibn Batutah, in Southern India, with a note by Mr. L. White King and Captain Tufnell on the coins of the kings mentioned by him. Mr. E. Rehatsek has contributed to the Journal of the Anthropolo- gical Society of Bomhay an interesting paper on Hindu Civilisation in the Far East, as represented by architectural monuments and inscrip- tions, dealing with the most recent discoveries of monuments and in- scriptions in Cambodia and Southern Annam, made by M. Aymonnier. In the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Mr. Cecil Bendall 60 AJilress. [Feb. gives an account of the Tantrdkhydna, a collection of Indian Folklore, from a unique Sanskrit MS. Its date is Nepal Samvat 604, or A. D. 1484, and it is closely allied to the Panchat antra, and is largely founded on tales in that collection. Mr. Bendall also contributes some notes on a collection of MSS. obtained by Dr. Gimlette at Kathmandu, now at Cambridge and the British Museum. Dr. Wenzel contributes to the same journal a paper on a Jataka tale from the Tibetan, forming the 6th chapter of a history of Tibet called Hgyal-rahs-gsal-vai-me- lon and corresponding to the Val&hassa Jataka. The history is the work of the 1 7th century A, D. The Journal of the American Oriental Society, contains a long and interesting paper by Mr. E. W. Hopkins on the social and military position of the Kuling caste in ancient India as represented by the Sanskrit epic. In the Journal Asiatique, M. Ryanon Fujishima has given a transla- tion of two chapters from the memoirs of I-tsing, one of the Chinese pilgrims, on his Travels to India. The chapters translated are 33 and 84 of the Nan-hai-khi-koue'i-nei-fa-tchouen (Histoire de la loi interieure envoyee de la mer du Sud) written by I-tsing in the countries of the South Sea, where he lived several years after his return from the voyage he made in India with the object of studying the Buddhist doctrine and of bringing back the books containing it. The work is much more difficult to translate than Fa Hian or Hiouen Ts'iang, and has never yet been published in auy European language. The two chapters translated are entitled "the Service of Song" (Le Rite des Cantiques) and " The teaching of the Western Countries" (1' Enseignement des Pays Occi- dentaux). A short account of the life of I-tsing is also given, and in a subsequent paper the author gives an index of the Sanskrit- Chinese words occurring in the two chapters translated. This Journal also contains part of M. Abel Bergaigne's " Histoire de la Liturgie Vedique,^' which the author was finishing for the press when he died. In a paper, in the Bevue Linguistique, on ancient Tamul Literatui'e, Mons. Julien Vinson gives an account of the Sinddmani, one of the principal Tamul works of the first period, though largely borrowed from Jain and Sanskrit works. Translations of extracts from it are also given. In the Journal des Savants, Mons. Barthelemy de St. Hilaire treats at length on Hindu Legislation, in a series of reviews of Dr. Biihler's "Laws of Manu" and "the Sacred Laws of the Aryas " and Mons. Jolly's " Institutes of Vishnu." Professor Hermann Jacobi contributes to the Vienna Oriental Journal 1800.] Address. 61 a paper on Bharavi and Miiglia, in -which he endeavours to trace the relation between these great poets, by attentive study of their works Kirdtdrjuniya and the S'ihipdlavadha. Professor Hillebrandt, gives in the same journal the first part, on the word p2ira,7idhi, of a seines of papers entitled Vedica. There is also a Catalogue of the Zand and Pablavi MSS. belonging to Khan Bahadur Dr, Hoshangi J. Asa, Sirdar of the 1st class, Dastvir of the Parsis of the Deccan. The Giornale della Societa Asiatica Italiana, Yol. Ill, 1889, contains a paper on Persian poetry anterior to Firdusi, by Italio Pizzi. On the Arydclialaguhya dhdrani Sutra, by 0. Puini. A paper on the Jain story of king Papabuddhi and his minister Dharmabuddhi, giving Sans- krit text and translation ; by E. Lovarini. On some Italian words believed to be of Oriental origin, such as amuleto, lagaglio, etc., by F. Lasinio. In the Zeitschrift der Vergleichenden SpracJiforscJiung, 1889, (Journal for Comparative Linguistics), is a paper by Pi'of. Leumann on the Accen- tuation of the S' aptapatha Brdhmana. Professor A. Weber's paper " tjber die Samyaktvakaumudi, eine eventualiter mit Tausend und eine Nacht auf gleiche Quelle zuriick- gehende indische Erziihlung," published in the Sitzungsberichte der Konigl. Frenssischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, may be of interest to students of folklore. Among the works of philological interest published during the year may be noticed : — The 2nd edition of W. D. Whitney's Sanskrit Grammar. Kittel's Canarese Dictionary, published by the Basle Mission Press, Cannanore. A second edition of 8' abdaJcalpadruma, a new edition of the great Sanskrit Encyclopaedia — published by the brothers Barada Prasad and Hari Charan Basu. An Arabic-English Dictionary, by A. H. Salmone, Dr. Leitner's Hunza and Nagyr Hand-book, Part I. Prof. Eggeling's Catalogue of the Sanskrit MSS. in the Library of the India Office. Pai"t II, Sanskrit Grammar, Lexicography, Prosody and Music. Prof. R, Garbe's English translation, with notes, of the Samkhya-pravachana- hhdshya, the commentary of Vijfiaua-bhikshu to the Satnhhya Sutras. Part II of the Comparative Dictionary of the Bihdri Language, compiled by Dr. Hoernle and Mr. Grierson has appeared. The authors apologise for the long delay, due to various causes, that has occurred in issuing this part, but it will be none the less welcome to students. Mr. Grierson has also contributed a paper " on selected sjoecimens of the Bihari Language " to the Journal of the German Oriental Society. Vernacular Literature. The most complete review of current litera- ture in this country is given in the " Rej)orts on the Publications issued 62 Address. [Feb. and registered in tlie several Provinces of India," and from them a very- fair insight may be gained as to literary progress in India and the direc- tion it is taking. The report for 1888 has just been issued, and though it throws us rather back, it may not be uninteresting to give a brief abstract of it. Bengal. In Bengal 2,693 works were registered, of which 365 were English, 1,713 in provincial vernaculars, 214 in Indian classi- cal languages and 401 in more than one language. Mr, C. H. Tawney, in presenting the report of the Bengal Library, remai'ks on the re- markable paucity of historical works, and on the utterly uncritical character of most of the many religious works published. Fiction and poetry flourish, as they have ever done ; though it is doubtful whether the form or substance of Indian fiction has been improved by our occupa- tion of the counti'y. It is decidedly discouraging to find that, in the opinion of one who has had so much experience in education as Mr. Tawney, English education has not influenced the Bengali mind to any perceptible depth. He says — " The influence of English science is diffi- cult to trace in the report. Philology keeps in the old groove and medicine seems to be trying to return to it." In Arts, 68 works have been published, of which 31 are English. They are mostly educational treatises on mensuration. One of the most favourite subjects in this section, all over India, is Music. A work by Nanda Kumar Mukhei'ji, dealing with the harmonic ruusic of the Hindus, is noted by the Librarian. Biographies are not numerous, but they include lives of President Grarfield, Martin Lu- ther and of Harish Chandra Mukherji, the first editor of the Hindu Patriot. Dramatic literature flourishes, but is nearly all utterly bad and immoral ; though mythological dramas and melodramas continue to be written, and it is curious to remark, as an unexpected union of Church and Stage, that a devotional feeling for Hari, or Vishnu, has taken entire possession of the native stage in Calcutta. In Fiction, 126 works were re- gistered, of which 120 were in provincial vernacular. A tendency is noted on the part of the native authors of the present day to show an affectionate appreciation of everything Indian and to write regretfully of the former happy state of things which is passing away under the influence of Western civilisation ; and no doubt here, as elsewhere, there is much to be said for the old quiet studious days, as opposed to the ever- restless * progress ' of the present day. Two works of fiction of more than average merit are noticed as written by Hindu ladies — the ' Hughlir Imamhdri," by Swarna Kumari Devi, and the Laland MuJcur, by an unknown authoress, which gives a somewhat realistic picture of life in a great Hindu zemindar's family in the Mofussil. 1890.] Address. 63 lu History and Geography, 115 works were registered, of wliicli 34; were English. They inckide the first instalment of a History of Sans- krit Literature from the Vedic period to the present day, by Babu Troilokya Nath Bhattacharyya, which seems likely to be valuable, and an elaborate account, in a work entitled Bhdrab Prasanga, by liajani Kanta Gupta, of the English occupation of Bengal. A history of the Narayangarh familj', of Miduapur, for the last 900 years, is a valuable contribution to the local history of the Lower Provinces. Books on Languages are, after Religion, the most numerous, 582 having been registered, of which 86 were in English ; but a very large proportion are educational and too many are 'Keys' for examinations, the growth of which is remarked and deprecated in all the reports. The new edition of Barat's Bengali and English Dictionary made good progress, A Bengali-Garo Dictionary, by the Rev. M. Ramkhe is also noted. Law books in English or Bengali were few. An edition, in Sanskrit, of Madana-Pdrijdta, by Pandit Madhusudana Smritiratua, is the most important. In Medicine, 149 works were registered of which only 3 were English, They are unimportant, except in so far that they show a tendency to revive the Ayurvedic treatment, as most suitable for natives of India. Songs here, as in other parts of India, and, indeed, all over the world, form a very large portion of the popular literature, and large numbers of collections of them were received of all kinds, religious and secular. The year was I'ich in miscellaneous works by female writers, one of which UslidcJiind, by Swarnamayi Gupta, a col- lection of essays on society, education &c., is specially noticeable. Sanskrit and philosophic literature received a good deal of atten- tion during the year, and there is marked evidence of a revival of literary activity among the pandits of this country. The poetical literature of the year was vei-y meagre. Of the non-educational works, religious treatises are by far the most numerous, 604 having been registered. They show considerable variety and richness. It is noticeable that several native Christian writers endeavour to show that the Hindus are a section of the great Israelite race, and that their I'ites and ceremonies are counterparts of Jewish festivals. Others again, consider them to be derived from a Christian origin. One of the most important works of the year was Babu B. 0. Chatter ji's Dharmatattwa in which an attempt has been made to bring about a union between Eastern and Western ideas of education, culture and religion, and to give the younger generation a system on which to base their moral conduct and a faith that suits their intellectual train- ing, in place of the moral and intellectual chaos which has followed the influence of Western ideas and teaching among the educated classes in Bengal, Science was unfortunately represented only by school books. 64 Address. [Feb. Pundit Hai-aprasad Shastri, the Librarian of tlie Bengal Library, wLo has compiled this very interesting I'eport, considers that the literary activity of the periodical press in Bengal runs in cycles of seven or eight years and that the present is one of unwonted activity. Bombay. In the Bombay Presidency, 1,398 books and 526 periodi- cals vrere i*egistered daring the year ; of these 693 are Gujarati ; 443 Marathi; 205 English; 174 Sanskrit. It is remarkable to notice that in the Western Presidency, Poetry bears the palm, the number of works devoted to Religion being comparatively small as compared with Bengal. Language takes a high place as to number, but the works under this head are chiefly school-books, and the same as regai'ds those under Science. The English books do not require any particular comment. Of ordinary literature in Marathi there is not much to be said. In Medicine, Mr. Vasudeo Cbintaman Bapat appears to be doing good work by making known a great deal of valuable information regarding the medicinal plants of India, their uses and properties. His latest work, the Sushena Ghikitsd, is highly commended by Dr. Dymock. The poetical works are mostly reprints of entire old Prakrit woi'ks, some of them beautifully printed. In Science the works published are all school books, either mathematical or small geographical tracts treating of parts of the Bombay Presidency. The Grujarati publications seem to be on a higher standard and to have more general interest than the Marathi. In Arts, I note treatises on cotton-ginning and screw-cutting, and five works on music. Of dra- matic works and novels many treat on social subjects, such as the evils of infant marriages, and of marriages between persons of disproportion- ate ages ; the desirability of widow marriages and of marriages of affec- tion and mutual selection ; the tyranny of step-mothers and of mothers in law ; the bad consequences of vice and happiness of virtue. The historical works sing the praises of Rajput heroes and heroines in de- fending their religion and land against the Muhammadan Emperors of Delhi. Among translations of English works are Bon Quixote, Shakes- peare's Cymbeline, and Valentine Vox. Irdvati is noted as the best Gujarati novel of the year and is based on historical incidents. The historical works, other than school-books, include two histories of the ancient Parsis. The miscellaneous publications include a translation of Self-Help and an adaptation of an English work, Hoiv to make Money, also treatises on mesmerism. In Philosophy, the tSuhodha Patrikd Bdjdyoga and the Bhdvdrtha Prahasha are noted, and there ai'e two well written works of Travels. The number of Urdu books shews a marked decrease, while those in Hindi are nearly doiiblcd, but many are reprints and translations. 1890,] Aildress. 65 The works iu Marvari, in poet-iy or prose, nearly all appertain to the Jain religion. The Kanarese publications are unimportant. Of four works in the Braj dialect, three are versions of the Biimiijana of Talsi Das. A large number of Sanskrit works were registered, chiefly reprints. Mr. Vyankatrao Ramchandra continues to pi'oduce his series of Marathi translations of the Gomnientaries on the Upanishad, with the original Sanskrit text and commentaries. The other bilingual publica- tions are chiefly of a religious and controversial tendency. Among the Marathi periodicals the Shilpa Kdld Vidnyd gives use- ful information on mechanical and other arts and industries. The Nare Elani is a literary and scientific periodical. The Strihodha is contributed to by Parsi ladies and contains tales and general information. Two periodicals are published iu Sanskrit containing unpublished poems by old Sanskrit poets— the Kdvya Mdld and the Oranth Uatna Mdld. Mi\ G. M. Sathe, tlie Registrar of native publications, who has drawn up the report, concludes with some very pertinent and valuable general remarks in which he gives the reasons for the paucity of books under the heads of Arts, Biograpliy, History, Politbcs and Science, which, I regret, space does not allow me to quote. With regard to works on Arts, the work- men are illiterate and as most of their callings are hereditary, they learn from their fathers and families, and do not re- quire to read or write books for instruction. With regard to Science the best books are in English, and as there is an abundance of such books and instruction is imparted in that language, students make them- selves acquainted with it and do not read or write books in the verna- cular, so that there is practically no demand for such works. Mr. Sath^ does not consider that vernacular litei^ature is making satisfactory progress. Madras. — -In the Madras Presidency, the number of works regis- tered was 1,169, of which 258 were in English or European languages, 735 in local vernaculars, 74 in classical Indian languages and 102 in more than one language. Increased activity in original writing is in- dicated, and Sanskiit and other classical languages are I'egaining their former ascendancy. Mr. R. V. Krishnama Chariar, the Registrar of books, explains the want of vernacular works on native arts on much the same grounds as the Bombay reporter, but seems to think that prac- tical books on art will be created as soon as industrial or technical educa- tion, suited to the skill and talents of the country, shows the way. In Arts, treatises are noted on fireworks ; on native music and the symbolic movements of the hands and fingers in dancing ; cookery ; needlework, and examination of precious stones. The dramatic publications include a Marathi vei'siuu uf Shakes- 6Q Address. [Frb, peare's Midsuinmer''s Niyht's Dream. It does not appear in any of the Repoi'ts whetber these translations of Shakespeare are for literary or dramatic purposes, or are merely ' ciibs ' for examinations. An enlarged edition of an English- Tamil Dictionary, originally compiled by some missionaries in Ceylon, has been published with near- ly 37,000 words more. Mr. Sitarama Charlu's Supplement to the Telegu Grammar will be valuable to teachers. The poetical works contain few orio-inal poems of real merit. Some of the songs are remarkable for their melody, sweetness and simplicity and the homeliness of their tune and language, the purity of their sentiment and the aptness of their similes. The number of religious works is very high, and amounts to about 42 per cent, of the total number of woi'ks registered. Science is, as usual, only represented by school-books. Mr. Grigg, the Director of Public Instruction, remarks, as has been done in other Presidencies and Provinces, that the evil of publishing ' Keys ' and other helps for examinations seems to gain grotmd yearly ; that a general taste for vernacular prose literature seems gradually to be arising among some classes ; that there is an eager desire on the part of educated people for social and religious reforms ; that Muhammadan authors are increasing in number; and that the people appreciate more and more the education of their women. N.-W. Provinces and Oudh. — 1,362 works were registered during the year in the N.-W. Provinces and Oudh, but the Hon. Mr. White's report gives little or no information as to the contents or value of the works selected under various heads as noticeable. The number of translations from English and other languages seems very large, and includes Hamlet, Much Ado about Nothing, and The Comedy of Errors, as well as an English jfovel, — My First and Last, and Sir W. Scott's Progress of Givilisation. Books in Urdu, Hindi, Arabic and Persian show an increase, but Sanskrit a falling off. Most of the best works are in Urdu. 382 works were published on Beligion; 273 on Langttage ; 163 Miscellaneous ; 120 on Poetry ; 77 on Medicine ; 71 Fiction, and all these heads show an in- crease, while Science shows a considerable decrease. The greatest number of publications has issued from Lucknow, and shows a lai'ge increase over last year. More than half have been published by Munshi Newal Kishore, CLE. Pti'tijah. — From the report of Lala Ram Kishan, the Registrar, it appears that 2, 301 works were registered during 1888, which is a large increase over the previous year, and the year was conspicuous for literary activity. The majority of the publications is in Urdu, but works in Punjabi, the language of the Sikhs, show a great increase, which indi- cates the intellectual advance of that community. In Sindhi there is also a large increase. 1890 ] AiUress. 67 By far tbe lai'gest number of the works j^iiblished are poetical, of wliicb there were 680 594; were on Religion; 308 Miscellaneous; 278 on Language; 110 on Mediciiie ; 87 on Science; 14i on Laio. The Drama only shows 69 and Fiction 39. Arts, Biography, Politics, Philo- sophy, Voyag'es and Travels, are comparatively neglected. The pro- portion of Medical periodicals seems very large, and there is a great demand for them owing to the extension of the European mode of ti^eatment. Of the works under Drama and Fiction, only a small proportion are original, and those cited as the best deal with social questions. Among the historical works may be noted the ' JJmclat id Taivdrikh, by Lala Sohan Lai of Lahoi'e, a voluminous Persian work giving a history of Sardars Charat Singh and Mahan Singh, and a diary of the reign of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. It is being published in parts by Lala Harbhagwan Das, grandson of the author. The works on Science include a treatise on Book-keeping, as prac- tised by native bankers, and an Engineering Pocket- Book, by Rai Bahadur Gunga Ram, intended for the use of subdivisional officers of of the P. W. D., workmen and contractors. In the other minor Provinces of India, literature seems to be in a very backward state. In the Central Provinces only one work in Marathi and four in Hindi were registered. In Assam only 25 works were registei-ed, or more than double the figure of the previous year ; of these 17 are educa- tional, four on Religion, three on Poetry and one on Science. In Burma only 81 publications were registered, against 142 of the previous year. Twelve are in English, 51 in Burmese, five in Pali and Burmese, five in Karen and two in Shan. The majority of the works are relio-ious. In Mysore the total number of publications was 128, of which none were in English, 70 were in Kannada, two in Telugu, 30 in Sanskrit and 26 in more than one language, chiefly Sanskrit and Kannada'. Thirty-seven come under Religion, 25 under Language, 11 under Poetry. In Eyderahad (Berar) only 14 works were registered (13 Marathi and one English). They include two educational periodicals for the use of teachers. In Ajmere-Marwara only three works were reo-istered one of them being a translation, in Hindi, of a " Driver and Fireman's Com- panion and Handbook." N'UMISMATTCS. As usual, a very large number of coins, upwards of 3200, have come to the Society for report, under the provisions of the Treasure Trove Act and have been examined by Dr. Hoernle and reported on by him in the " Proceedings.'" Among the most important may be noticed the set of 175 68 Address. [Feb. old silver coins of the so-called Indo-Sassanian class, which are described iu the August Proceedings. They are particularly interesting, because from their close imitation of the real Sassanian coins of Firiiz I (479-486 A. D.) it becomes probable that they represent an issue of Toramana, the well-known leader of the Hunnic invasion of Persia and India in the last quarter of the 5th century. Among the additions to the Coin Cabinet of the Indian Museum the collection of Central Asiatic coins, made by Capt. de Lassoe and presented by the Government of India, deserve special notice. It consists of 2486 coins (viz., 41 gold, 158 silver, 487 copper and 1800 of mixed metal). Prom the numerous duplicates among them, selections have been presented to the Lahore Museum and the British Museum. The collec- tion was rich in very rare coins ; not a few varieties were quite new, and some coins may even be unique. Among the new varieties may be especially mentioned several of 'Alau-d-dln Muhammad bin Takash, the Shah Khwarizm. They are of mixed metal, and show on the obverse the Shah mounted on a horse or an elephant, with or without a lance ; the reverse bearing his name and titles. A full descriptive catalogue, based on a preliminary examination by Mr. Oh. J. Rodgers, will shortly be published by Dr. Hoernle as a supplement to the Society's Journal. Part I of our Journal contains two very interesting papers on coins. Mr. B. E. Oliver gives a paper on the Coins of the Muhammadan Kings of GvTJarat (illustrated with three plates), and describes several hitherto undescribed coins which he found in a collection belonging to Mr. Furdoonjee of Bombay. Dr. Hoernle describes some new or rare Muhammadan and Hindu coins found in the Hoshungabad District. The most important of the *' Pathan" coins are a coin of Muhammad bin-Taghlaq ; two gold coins of Ghiyasu-d-din Taghlaq II, of different types ; a gold coin of Abii Bakr who reigned from 791 to 792 A. H. ; a gold coin of Sikandar bin llyas, of Bengal, all of which are figured and believed to be unique. Two gold coins, from Khajuraha, of the Chandeltype, one of which is attributed by Dr. Hoernle to Vira Varma or Bala Varma, and the other to Paramarddi Deva, are also believed to be unique. The Lucknow Museum has received one unique gold Gupta coin of Virasena Kramaditya, bull type, besides other gold, silver and copper coins. In the Madras Museum the most important additions of coins have been 15 aurei, of Tiberius, Vespasian, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Faustina senior, Marcus Aurelius, Oommodus. These were found by a native while digging in the old Fort of Vinukonda, and as he concealed them, they became forfeit. 1890.] Address. fi9 Mr. Edgar Thurston, Director of the Central Museum, Madras, has brought out No. 3 of his Catalogues of Corns in the Madras Museum, com- prising the Sultans of Delhi. It consists of an enumeration of 314 coins of various Sultans in chronological order, with references to Thomas' Chronicles of the Fathan Kings of Delhi, the British Museum " Catalogue of the coins of the Sultans of Delhi " and articles by Mr. C. J. Rodgers, in the Journal and Proceedings of our Society and in the Indian Antiquary . Mr. Thurston's " History of the Coinage of the East India Company in the Indian Peninsula, and Catalogue of Coins in the Madras Museum" with 20 plates, is nearly ready and will appear almost at once. The Madras Journal of Literature and Science contains a paper, by T. M. Rangachari and T. Desikachari, giving an account of the silver and copper Indo-Danish coins issued from the Tranquebar Mint under the Kings of Denmark, from Fred. Ill, A. D. 1648 to Fred. VI, A. D. 1819. Papers have also been read before the Madras Literary Society by Mr. T. M. Scott on Symbolism on Indian Coins, Part I. " Punch mark- ed, " and by the Rev. J. E. Tracy on the Coins of the Sethupatis. A " Catalogue of Mysore Coins in the collection of the Government Museum, Bangalore," by Capt. R. H. C. Tufnell, M. S. C, illustrated by five collotype plates, has been published under instructions from the Government of H. H. the Maharajah of Mysore. Mr. L. Dames has contributed to the Ntimismatic Chronicle a valuable paper on the Coins of the Durranis, from Timur Shah's acces- sion, in A. D. 1773, lo their final expulsion from Cabul by the Barakzais in A. D. 1842. Among the coin-papers in the Indian Anticptary may be noted Mr. J. F. Fleet's on the Coins and History of Toramana, in which he fixes the approximate date of A. D. 460 for the commencement of the reign of that king, at his own capital in the Pan jab; a short note on the Bodleian collection of coins by Mr. J. A. Smith, who has also de- scribed the Gupta coins of the collection in a paper entitled, " The Coinage of the Early or Imperial Gupta Dynasty of Northern India," published in the Journal of the Boyal Asiatic Society; also Dr. Hultzsch's paper on the names of the coins of Tipu Sultan. A paper has lately been read by Mr. T. J. Symonds before the Anthropological Society of Bombay, on some Indo-French and ludo- Dutch coins struck at Pondicherry and at Negapatam and Pulicat. Akch^ologt. A few papers of Archaeological interest appear in our Jou,rnal and Proceedings. Mr. Asutosh Gupta has contributed some notes on the ruins of Jay 70 Address. [Feb. Mangala Garh, in the Monghyr District, vvliicli appears to have been a large ancient city. Two Buddhist copper coins were found there. Mr. Gupta has also given an account of the ruins and antiquities of Rampal, near Munshiganj, in the Dacca District, formerly the seat of the old Sen kings of Bengal, notably of Ballal Sen, the founder of Kulinism in Bengal. The work of the ArchiBological Survey has made good pi'ogress dulling the year, though it is to be feared that the retirement of the Director, Dr. James Burgess, C. I. E., may check the advancement of this important work. I believe, however, that good arrangements have been made for carrying on the surveys now in progress, and that Dr. Burgess will continue to edit the Reports. The first volume of the new series of Reports brought out in India under Dr. Burgess' superintendence, of the Archteological Surveys in the N.-W. Provinces and Oudh, containing Dr. Fiihrer's Report on the Sharqi Architecture of Jaunpur, which was alluded to in last year's ad- dress as under preparation, has been published. It is a very valuable con- tribution to the history of Muhammadan architecture, and in point of get up may fairly be said to compare well with similar publications printed in Europe. In a valuable paper read before the International Congress of Orientalists held at Stockholm, Dr. Burgess has given an account cf the rise and progress of Ai'chfeological studies in this country and of the work of the ArchiBological Surveys in Northern, Western and Southern India, and the publication of the results so far as issued. The materials on hand are very considerable and most important, and four volumes could be put in hand at once, were the means forthcoming, as it may be hoped they will be. From the paper it appears that with Dr. Burgess' retirement, the five survey circles for all India are to be reduced to three, under properly qualified Surveyors, with one or two specialists for epigraphy. The munificent aid rendered by the Maha- rajas of Baroda and Jeypote in bringing out illustrated works on the architectural remains in their territories, is specially noticed and the hope expressed that others may follow their good example. The Archseological Survey party in Western India, under Mr. H. Cousens, having completed the survey of Bijapur, moved to Palitana, in Kathiawad, and completed the survey of the Jaina temples which crown the sacred hill of Satrunjaya. There is very little that can be called ancient, but the vast congregation of temples and shrines, which crown the hill makes the place uniqu.e and worthy of attention. The whole ritual of Jaina worship may be seen on the hill, and a complete knowledge of its iconogi'aphy can be gained by a close inspection of its 1890.] AMress. 71 hundreds of images. During January and February last, a Baddhist stupa, situated in the forest near Junagadh, was opened by the Juna- gadh authorities under the guidance of Mr. James Campbell, 0. S., and the searchers were rewarded by the discovery, about the middle of the mound, of the relic with its enclosing caskets of atone, copper, silver and gold. The nature of the relic has not been decided — it is a small chip, or flake, about f of an inch long by j inch broad, of some brown hard sub- stance which closely resembles stone that has been under the action of fire. No inscription or coin was found that might have thrown some light on it ; but fragments of a Buddhist rail and umbrella in stone were unearthed during the excavation. Mr. Cousens has favoured me with a copy of the Report on this find, which, I hope, will be published in the Joimial. A considerable number of drawings, photographs and facsimi- les of inscriptions were made during the field season. The Guide-book to the Ruins of Bijipur, by Mr. Cousens, to which reference was made last year, has been published and is a handsomely got up little volume, which will be of great assistance to visitors to the ruins and to archaeological students. The party is now in (rujarat visiting outlying parts of the Baroda territory, in order to complete the material required for a second volume on the antiquarian remains in H. H. the Gaikwads dominions. A volume on the Chalukyan remains in the Kanarese country is now almost ready for the press, and the full accounts of Bijapur and Satrun- jaya are to follow, they being now in hand. The Rev. J. E. Abbot has quite recently discovered twenty-three ancient Buddhist Caves at Nadsur, eight miles to the north of Nenavali, about 20 miles south of Khandalla, in the Konkan. These caves have apparently never before been visited by any European and are unknown to scholars. They are cut in a rocky scarp about 800 feet above the villages of Nadsur and Thanal, facing the west, and are pi'obably as old as the Christian era, though in a state of perfect preservation. ArcJiceological Survey, Southern India. During the last field sea- son the party under Mr. A. Rea, after visiting Pulicat, Nellore, and Juvaludinne, resumed excavation at the Franguladinne stupa, near Pedda Ganjam, as noted last year. Proceeding thence, to Che- zarla, some very important and interesting remains of the early Bud- dhist period were discovered. These include some important inscrip- tions on marble and a Buddhist structural chaitya, the largest and most complete of the four yet found in India, of which three were discovered by Mr. Rea. The temple is quite complete and is used for worshijD by the Hindus. Some remains were inspected at Kamapalle and some mounds at Panidem. At Garikipad Agraharam a mound was 72 AJilress. [Feb. excavated, and an early Buddhist stvipa was found, with a large number of archaic marble sculptures. It is one of the most ancient as yet dis- covered in the Madras Presidency, dating from about, or before, the Christian era. After visiting an old mound at Ochchampet, Mr. Rea returned to Amravati and resumed excavations at the stiipa. Remains of outlying buildings in connection with the great stupa were dug out, and a number of other marble sculptures, relic caskets, coins and other objects found. From Amravati — Odlamanu, Vaikanthapuram and Pedda Naddur were visited, and at each place unknown Buddhist remains were found on the hills. On a hill at the latter place, a most important discovery was made of the stupa and monastery which is mentioned by Hiuen Tsiang as being near Amravati and has hitherto been sought for in vain by archeeologists. Excavation was then resumed at Guntupalle. Some sculptured relics and a miscellaneous collection of objects were found. An ex- cavation in one of the largest of the mounds brought to light a large and very complete Buddhist chaitya with some unusual arrangements of plan and some curious brickwork in its construction. Some marble statues were found in it. It is a very important addition to the few Buddhist structural temples which have as yet been discovered. It is satisfactory to know that measures are being taken for the proper conservancy of the interesting remains in the Krishna District and a very complete report of them is under preparation. The mounds have been catalogued and orders issued for their conservation. In the Madras Journal of Literature and Science, the Rev. J. R. Hutchinson gives an account, in a paper entitled Pdndavula Metta, of the ruins situated on a hill of the Saitada range, in the neighbourhood of Chicacole, known as Pancha-PdndaviUa-NivesastJidna, or the "Habitat of the Panch-Pandavas." They consist of a gigantic cromlech and other smaller ones, all with the peculiarity of being surrounded with circular holes cut into the solid rock to a depth of about 10 inches. The holes are of three sizes, 12, 8 and 6 inches in diameter, and are always arranged in oblong circular or elliptical figures facing either east or south. The Architectural section of the ArchEeological Survey, N'orth- Western Provinces and Oudh Circle, under Mr. E. W. Smith, from January to April 1889, made a complete survey, including plans, eleva- tions, sections and details ; (1) at Orchha, near Jhansi, of the splendid temple of Chaturbhuj, Bir Singh Deo's tomb, the fine massive entrance gates leading to the palace, and a fine baoli on the banks of the Betwa, as well as of another at Chard vari, four miles distant from the city ; (2) at Lalitpur, of the Bansa Masjid, part of an old Hindu temple ; (3) at 1890.] Address. 73 Deogarh on the Betwa, iu the Lalitpur district, of the Gupta temple in the plain below the fort, and the extensive group of Jaiua temples inside the deserted fort. Since October 3889, the Architectural section has been at Fathpiir Sikri, and has at present fully illustrated the Panch Mahal, Mirijam's Kothi, and the Diwau-i-Kbas. Dr. Fiihrer, after having closed in the middle of February 1889, his excavations at Mathura, which yielded, amongst other valuable relics, some very important Jaina inscriptions of the Indo- Scythian period, joined the Architectural section and visited the Lalitpur Dis- trict. A careful search along the banks of the Betwa at Deogarh, brought to light several Gupta rock-inscriptions, hithei-to unknown. In the beginning of November, he started on a tour through the Farrukhabad, Mainpuri, Agra and Mathura districts, and is at pre- sent engaged in a complete excavation of the Kankali Tila at Mathura. To the east of the Svetambara temple of the fii-st century, whose foundations were disclosed last year. Dr. Fiihrer unearthed a well- preserved brick stupa of 18f feet diameter, some 25 feet below the pre- sent surface of the soil. This stupa — it appears fi'om an inscription found on the spot — is the relic stupa which was standing inside the Upagupta monastery, mentioned by Hiuen Tsiang. Vol. I of the Reports of the Arcbseological Surveys in the N. "W. P. and Oudh. — " The Sharqi Architecture of Jaunpur," already noticed, was issued in August last; Vol.11. — "The Monumental Antiquities and Inscriptions in the North-Western Provinces and Oudh," will be published in March next ; Vol. III. — " The Chandella Architecture of Bandelkhand," is in the press. Burma. — Dr. Forchhammer has given an account, in Trilhner's Record, of his exploration of the Ruins of Pagan, in Burma, in the cold season of 1888-89. One inscription he found, bore the date Sakkaraj 560 (A. D. 1188), but he has also found older records. He has identified the caves and temples in which the chapter of five priests resided on returning from their ten years' visit to Ceylon (A. D. 1171). He pre- pared a map of the ruins on the scale of 12 inches to a mile, including the whole of Old Pagan, and considerably more than Major Hobday's map. Epigraphy. Parts III and IV of Dr. Burgess' new publication EpigrapMa Indica have appeared. In part III, the two Prasastis of Baijnath, by Dr. Btihler, are con- cluded, and there are two other papers by the same author, viz. ; " The 74 Address. [Fkb, Jaina inscription on the Temple of Baijnath at Kiragrama," and " In- scription on an image of Parsvanatha, in Kangra." Professor Kielhorn, C, I. E., contributes papers on eight inscriptions from Khajuraho. Dr. Hultzsch describes two inscriptions from Gwalior, A plate is given of the 12th edict of Asoka from Shahbaz Garhi. Part IV contains seven papers and four plates. Dr. Hultzsch's paper, noted above, is concluded. Professor Kielhorn gives an account of the Siyadoiii stone inscription, which was first mentioned in our Journal, Vol. XXXI, by Professor Fitz-Edward Hall, as a " huge inscrijation " from some part of Gwalior of which a trans- cript had been made over to him by General Cunningham." In 1887 Dr. Burgess discovered this inscription about 10 miles from Lalitpur. Although no definite date is given on the inscription, Dr. Kielhorn has been able to deduce from it the names of four kings of Mahodaya or Kanyakubja, with their known dates, viz., Bhoja, succeeded by Mahendrapala, A. D. 903-4 and 937-8. Kshitipala, succeeded by Devapala, 948-49. Professor Kielhorn also gives a description, with text, of the inscription found at Kudarkot, in the Itawa District, North-Western Provinces, now in the Luckuow Museum. The paper is accompanied by a photolithographed facsimile. Also of two Chandella inscriptions, and of a fragment of an inscription from Jhansi. Dr. Biihler gives descriptions of the Peheva inscription from tho Temple of Garibnath, in the Karnal District, edited from a paper im- pression fm-nished by Mr. C. J. Rodgers. Dr. Biihler has also edited the Kangra Jvdlamuhlii Prasasti from the temple of Bhavani, in Bha- v^-an, a suburb of Kot Kangra. The third volume of the Corpus Inscriptionum Indicartim, to which allusion was made in last year's address, has appeared and contains an account of the Inscx-iptions of the early Gupta Kings and their succes- sors, by J. F. Fleet, Esq., CLE. Both in point of exhaustiveness and accuracy it is a model of what a work of this kind should be. It is furnished with 45 photolithographic facsimile plates, prepared in the well-known establishment of Mr. W. Griggs, at Peckham. A paiticu- larly valuable feature of the book is Mr. Fleet's ' Introduction,' which takes up more than one third of the volume and exhaustively discusses, among other things, the much-debated question of the epoch of the Gupta era. This, Mr. Fleet now shows conclusively, must be the year 319-320 A.D., equivalent to S'aka Samvat 241 expired. In the Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenldndischen Gesellscliaft, Dr. Biihler, in a paper entitled " Die Mansehra Version der Felsenedicte A^ka's," gives the text of 12 edicts, in Roman and Sanskrit characters, with comments and comparisons with Dr. Seaart's and other versions.' 1890.] Address. 75 Dr. Biibler also contributes to the Vienna Oriental Journal a second paper on further proofs for the authenticity of the Jaina tradition, found- ed on four new Jaina inscriptions from the Kankali Tila, at Mathui'a, found by Dr. Fiihrer. In carrying out the excavations, Dr. Fiihrer found epigraphic proof that the temple buried under the mound belonged to the Swetambaras, as well as various votive inscriptions showing the well-known characters of the cuinous mixed dialect of the Indo- Scythians. The inscriptions now edited are four of the latter description, which mention the ancient Jaina Ganas, Kulas and S'akhas, and are dated No. 1, Samvat 22, or A.D. 100 ; No. 2, S. 84, or A.D. 1G2 ; and No. 3, S. 95, or A.D. 173. Also an undated fragment containing the name of the Varana Gana, and further mentioning one of its branches the Aryyakaniyasika Kula. Transcripts and translations are given. The Indian Antiqioary contains a large number of papers of epigra- phic interest. The Editor, Mr. J. F. Fleet, 0. I. E., continues his series of papers on Sanskrit and old Kanarese Inscriptions, dealing principally with copper-plate grants from Vizagapatam. He has also notes on the Kurta- koti spurious grant of Vikramaditya I, S'aka- Samvat 532, and on the Mahakuta inscription of Bappuvarasa, S'aka- Samvat 856. Professor Kielhorn, C. I., E., has a paper on the coppei^-plate grant of Trilochanapala, the (Vikrama) year 1084, belonging to our Society, edited from an ink impression made by Mr. Fleet. This inscription was noticed in the 17tli volume of the Asiatic Researches, but apparently has never been previously published. It was found at Jhansi. The same author has also papers on the Benares College coppei'-plate grant of Jayachchandra, the (Vikrama) year 1232. On the Sirpur Stone Inscription of Siva Gupta. Inscriptions of the kings of Chedi, and on Chandella Inscriptions. Mr. J. A. Smith describes a dated Grgeco. Buddhist statue of Buddha found at Hashtnagar, in the Peshawar District. Dr. Biihler gives the text and translation of the Bagamra Grant of Nikumbhallasakti. Mr. F. S. Growse describes an ancient insci'ibed terracotta seal found at Bulandshahr. Mr. Grierson continues his translations of Dr. E. Senart's papers on the Inscriptions of Piyadasi. Geography and Sdrvets. During the past year steady progress has been made in carrying on the various operations of the Survey of India in its various branches, both within and beyond our frontiers, and although there are no great achievements or discoveries to record, a good amcunt of useful work has been done and lai'gs tracts of new country brought under Survey. 76 Address. [FeS. The operations in connection with the military expeditious in Upper Burma and the Eastern Frontier are important as paving the way for further explorations into the unknown country lying towards south- eastern Tibet and containing the upper waters of the great rivers of Burma, Siam and China from the Brahmaputra to the Yang-tse Kiang. In Central Asia, Turkestan, the Pamirs and Western Tibet, foreign explorers have been particularly active, and a great deal of valuable geographical information has been acquired, though nothing very spe- cially important has as yet been published. I have already referred to the loss that Indian geography has suffered by the death of Sir Henry Yule, and it is indeed a serious one. Though apparently not taking any very prominent part in working out the great problems of Asiatic geography, his vast range of knowledge and his peculiar power of geographical intuition enabled him to advise and suggest ways of attacking them for others to carry out, and this he was always ready to do.* It is a great pleasure to me to note that the Gill medal of the Royal Geographical Society has been awarded to Mr. M. J. Ogle, of the Survey of India Department, for his excellent survey work in Eastern Assam, in Manipur, and in Northern and Western Burma, partly with Colonel Woodthorpe, C. B., and partly independently. Geographical Exploration and Surveys. — Lushai Kills. A small Survey party accompanied the expedition to the Lushai Hills which took place in the cold season of 1888-89. The area of new country mapped on the j-inch scale amounted to 540 square miles, besides about 210 square miles roughly reconnoitred from long distances. The line of march taken by the troops from Demagiri to Lungleh was laid down by plane-table traverse and measured 43 miles. The work done, though not great in quantity, yields a fair amount of new know- ledge of the country. The principal fact ascertained is that there is no large stream or main feeder to the Kaladan River between the Blue Mountain (Mai Selai Mon) and Darjow Klang, as shewn in the old map of the country. The principal stream flows much further north, between Aitur Klang and Maliam Pui Klang. The Matt river joins the Kaladan further south than is shown in the old map. The sites of several new villages have been laid down and the positions of others corrected. Survey parties are also accompanying the columns of the Chin-Lushai Expeditionai-y Forces now operating in these hills, * I may mention ttat very complete and appreciative accounts of Sir Henry Yule's geographical work have appeared in the Proceedings of the Royal Geographi- cal Society and of the French Society de Geoyraphie. 1890.] Adilress. 77 and it is hoped that a large extent of new country will come under observation. Upper Burma. The reconnaissance survey of Upper Burma, (which was commenced immediately after the annexation of the country by a party working under the orders of Major Hobday,) has been steadily pushed on during the past year. All the military expeditions which were organised during the year were accompanied by one or more of the officers and surveyors attached to the party, and the total area map- ped on the \ inch scale amounted to 20,510 square miles, of which the greater portion lies in the Shan States, and Bhamo Disti-ict. An outbreak in the South Theinni State led to the despatch of au expedition to Maingye, the capital, and during the military operations which ensued Major Hobday was enable to traverse much new ground between Mogok and Thibau, and beyond Lolin towards Tangyan, which is within a mile of the Salwin. The triangulation was much strengthen- ed and eventually connected with that done by Captain Jackson last season between Mandalay and Maingye. Later in the season an expedition against the Ponkan Kachins, a tribe living in the hills south-east of Bharao, enabled Major Hobday to complete the circuit of triangulation brought from Mandalay across the Shan States to the Salwin river, round to Bhamo and thence down the valley of the Irawadi. Captain Jackson, with a sub-surveyor, accompanied the Karen Field Force from Mobye to Sawlon, including reconnaissances to Tonathit and Baw like, and subsequently succeeded in completing the detail survey of the Myelat from Pekon to Baw and extended the survey to Yotsauk and northwards, returning by the eastern road to the Enle valley. He then completed the survey of the small states of Kyauktat and Bawzein. The country traversed by the Chin Field Force was also surveyed, and a large area of useful and interesting geography of the distant regions inhabited by the Kachin tribes was obtained by Mr. Ogle during the Mogoung Expedition. Surveys were also carried on in the Myiugyan, Sagaing, Nimbu and Ruby Mines Districts. This year's operations in Upper Burma bring the total area mapped on the quarter-inch scale, since the annexation of the countiy, up to 52,290 square miles ; and the credit for this large result is due to the un- tiring energy and zeal of Major Hobday and Captain Jackson. Captain Jackson, Mr. Ogle and Mr. Doran are now accompanying the Commission for settling the boundary between Siam and Burma, under Mr. Ney Elias, and it is hoped that a good deal of new country in this direction will be explored and mapped. The country is most difficult and unhealthy, but the people seem friendly and willing to assist. 78 Address. [Feb. Trigotiomeirical Branch. — During the year the laying out of a princi- pal series of triangulation in Upper Burma on the meridian of 96° 30' was commenced, but no final work on the series was obtained. In addition to this work, the same party carried on operations for fixing beacons along the Burma coast for the Marine Department, points suitable by their conspicuous appearance being selected and their position deter- mined. Tidal and Levelling operations. — The recording of the tidal curves by means of self-registering tide-guages, their reduction and the publica- tion of predicted heights have been continued, and tidal observations have been carried on during the year at various stations round the coast of India and Burma and at Aden and Port Blair. In connection with the Tidal Observations, it is interesting to observe that in a paper by Dr. G. H. Darwin, F.R.S., in the Proceedings of the Boyal Society, it is pointed out that variation in the sun's temperature may possibly be a cause of variation in the mean-sea-level, and, if so, a periodicity with a period of 10 or 11 years may be expected. Obser- vations at Karachi, show that there was a minimum of sea-level in 1872, and again in 1882, but these observations are clearly insufiicient to do more than raise the question. Dr. Darwin speaks in the highest terms of the Indian observations, and it is to be hoped that as time goes on it will be possible to prove the correctness of the theory he now puts forward, by the observations at some of the permanent stations. A comparison of tide-registers at Karachi with those at Sydney, N. S. Wales, shows that the variation of mean-sea-level occurs simul- taneously at both these ports, but is more noticeable at the latter one. Endeavours are being made to establish a tidal observatory on the Island of Minicoy, as being especially valuable for the study of the oceanic tides, undisturbed by coast influences. Spirit-levelling operations were carried on during the year from the Bangalore base to Mangalore, and from Bidar to Hyderabad (Deccan). Latitude operations. — It found was necessary, owing to paucity of officers, to abandon temporai-ily the electro-telegraphic longitude opera- tions, which require two trained officers to superintend them, in favour of the latitude operations for which only one is necessary. Seven stations were observed, situated between the latitudes of 19° 49', and 16° 26', and near the meridian of 80°. It is worthy of note that at six out of the seven stations the same excess of geodetic over astronomical latitude still appears as in the previous year, averaging nearly 6". In other words a deflection of the plumb-line to the north is in operation through- 1890.] AJdres.^. 79 out the whole of the region where the observations have been made, the effect being that the plumb-line deviates from the normal to the theoretical spheroid at the stations occupied. Evidence of this kind is gradually being collected which will, when the whole scheme of the Trigonometrical Survey is completed, be all discussed simultaneously, and will without doubt enlarge immensely our knowledge of this abstruse question of local attraction, and may also not improbably lead to some amendment in the adopted elements of the earth's figure. Solar Photography. — Tlie two photo-heliographs at the Trigono- metrical Branch Office at Dehra-Dun, one giving eight-inch pictures and the other 12-iuch, have been employed, as usual, during the year in record- ing the spots and faculae visible on the face of the sun. Two negatives have been taken with the smaller instrument on each day that the sun was visible, the larger instrument being only used for recording special phenomena. 656 silver prints of the 8-iuch and 13 of the 12-inch photographs were prepared and despatched to the India Office for com- parison with, and completion of, the Grreenwich observations. The sun- spot minimum still continues and is abnormal in its duration. Topographical Surveys. — In addition to the reconnaissance surveys described above, topographical operations have been continued in Balu- chistan, the Himalayas and in the Guiarat district and the South Mahiatta coiintry, Bombay. Forest surveys were carried on in the Hoshungabad and Betul districts, Central Provinces ; the Satara, Nasik, Poona and North Kanara districts, Bombay ; the Madura, Tintievelly and Salem districts, Madras ; and the Prome, Tounghoo, and Thayetmyo districts, Burmah. Cadastral Surveys. — Cadastral Survey operations have been con- tinued in the Bilaspur District, Central Provinces; in various Govern- ment and Wards' Estates in Bengal ; in the Tarai, N,-W. Provinces ; in the Nowgong and Sibsagar districts, Assam and in the Thongwa district, Burma. The Cadastral Surveys of Gorakhpur and Basti dis- tricts of the N.-W. Provinces were completed during the year, and new surveys were instituted in the Jalpaigiiri and Chittagong districts and the Burdwan Khas Mehals, Bengal, as well as in the Jhansi district N.-W. Provinces. Traverse surveys were executed by six parties in various districts in the Punjab and Central Provinces. The report of the Explorations in Sikkim, Bhutan and Tibet, noticed in last year's address, has been published and contains the detailed accounts of the journeys of five explorers : — (1). An account of the Lower Tsangpo, by the Mongolian Lama Serap Gyatsho, 1856-68. (2). Narrative of a journey from Darjiling to Gyala Sindong, Tsari, and the Lower Tsangpo, ))y K. P-, in 1880-84. 80 Address. [Feb. (3). Explorations in Tibet by Lama U. G., in 1883. The Lama started from Darjiiing and went to Lhassa via the Donkya Pass, Shi- .^atse and the Yamdok Tso Lake, returning via the Bam Tso Lake, Tangha Pass and Chumbi Valley. (4.) Explorations in Sikkim, Bhutan and Tibet, by R. N., in 1885 86. He gained a good deal of information about Bhutan. (5.) Exploration in Tibet and Bhutan, by P. A., in 1885-86. He accompanied R. N. and has contributed the route along the range to the west of the Wong-chha to the vicinity of Baxa Duar. The volume is a very valuable contribution to the knowledge of these little-known regions and a testimony to the arduous labours of these intrepid explorers. The appendices to the General Report on the operations of the Survey of India Department, for 1887-88, contain much interesting in- formation on the Electro-telegraphic Longitude oj)erations carried on by Colonels G. Strahan and W. J. Heaviside, R. E. ; on the Tidal ob- servations, by Col. M. W. Rogers, R. E., including values of the Tidal Constants for various Stations ; a very interesting account, by Capt. H. M. Jackson, R. E., of the Survey operations in the Southern Shan States, containing a good deal of information about the country and people ; also a note by Col. H. C. B. Tanner on Trans-Himalayan geography, iu which he discusses our present knowledge of Nepal geography, and of the geography of Bhutan and Assam and the settlement of the much- vexed question of the course of the Sangpo river. PuhlisJnng Offices. During the year the Photographic and Litho- graphic Offices, which have hitherto been accommodated in three dif- ferent private houses, were brought together in a handsome new build- ing. No. 14 Wood Street, and the whole of the Survey of India Offices are now housed in a suitable and efficient manner. As usual, a very large number of maps and various other subjects have been produced during the year by lithography and photography. A new edition of the map of India on the scale of 32 miles to the inch, which was much wanted, has been published and a third edition is in hand. A new general map of Burma, on the same scale, has also been completed. New Railway maps have been prepared. The helio-gravure process is making good progress and is being largely utilised in various ways. Trans. -Frontier and other Geographical worh. The year has been comparatively uneventful in geographical work in the countries border- ing India, though several parties of explorers have been busily engaged about the Pamir and eastwards towards Tibet. French Gochin- China, &c. The Proceedings of the French Geographi- cal Society contain an account of the results of the mission of Mr. Taupin 1890.] Address. 81 in Lowei- Lao8, iu 1888. He studied the language and written works hitherto almost unknown. He surveyed over 600 miles of roads and rivers, and made several corrections on the maps. He found the climate suitable for the growth of Eui'opean vegetables, and believes that coffee, cocoa, pepper and even the vine, would do there well, the climate being drier than Lower Cochin- China. Father Guesdon has prepared a general map of Cambodia, also a Dictionary of French and Cambodian. M. Pavie, who has for three years been exploring the north of Siam and the Laotian provinces, with the object of finding the easiest route from these regions to the sea, has discovered a route, that caa be tra- versed in nine days — four in boat and five on horseback, thus connecting the commercial centres in Siam with the French possessions in Tonquin. Several interesting works have been published regarding these French possessions in Further Asia — among them — Mens. J. L. de Lanes- san's " L' Indo-Chine Frmicaise," which gives a useful general account of the French possessions in Cochin-China, Cambodia, Annam and Tonquin, and more particularly of the expedition sent for rectifying the boundary between Anuam and Siam. Mons. J. Silvestre's " L' Empire d' Annam et le peiiple Annamite," with map; Mons. Paul Brandas' "ie haut MeJcong ou le Laos oiivert," with new maps. A new map of Fi-ench Cochin China, prepared by Commandant Al. Koch, has been published on the scale of 1 : 400,000, or about 5'5 geogra- phical miles to the inch. Burma and Siam. Mr. Holt S. Hallett has published under the title oi " A Thousand Miles on an Elephant in the Shan States," an account of his journeys in Burmah, Siam, and the Shan States, in search of the best railway route between Burmah, China, and Siam. The work is well illus- trated with maps of Southern China, and Indo-China, showing the railway lines projected by English and French engineers between Burma and China and from the Shan States to Tonquin. Mr. Hallett has contributed a good deal that is new to the geography of this little known region and to our information regarding it. The Asiatic Quarterly B.evieio contains papers by Major- General A. R. Macmahon on Karenni and the Red Karens, and by Mr. J. G. Scott on the British Shan States. Upper Burma and S. E. Frontier. The Proceedings of the Royal Geo- graphical Society contain a very valuable and interesting paper by Colonel R. G. Woodthorpe, R. E., C. B., on his exploration on the Chindwin River in Upper Burma, in which he gives an account of the whole tract beetween Manipur, the Kubo valley, and down the Chindwin River to Alon. The paper is illustrated by a map. 82 Address. [Feb. With reference to the question of the hydi-ography of S. E., Tibet, which was briefly discussed in last year's address, I may note that Mr. Needham writes in the Proc. B. G. 8., that the idea that the soui-ce of the Dibong lies very far north of Sadiya is erroneous, and that from information he has received from many Mishmis, the source is near the Tibetan town of Aliipo, which lies ou the northern slope of a high range known as Taseni and about 11 marches, or some 130 to 140 miles, from Nizamghat. In the " Transactions and Proceedings of the JRoyal Geog^-aphical Society of Australasia" Mr. Gr. S. Streeter has given an interesting sketch of the country and people and of the mineral and vegetable products of the tract of country in the vicinity of the Ruby Mines and Northern Shan States. Tibet. The impenetrable has ever an irresistible attraction, and Lhassa is more than ever the point de mire of ardent explorers. At least three parties have been on their way towards it during the year, but, so far as present information goes, without success ; though it may be noted that rumours were current in the Eastern parts of Tibet that the Russians had reached Lhassa in Februai'y last, but of the fact there has been no confii-mation. The journey of which we have fullest accounts, is that undertaken by Mr. W. W. Rockhill, formerly Secretary to the American Legation in Pekin, who set out from that place in December 1888 and has given a short but interesting narrative of his travels up to August last, which will be found in the Proc. R. G. 8. for December last. He travelled disguised as a pilgrim in Tibetan dress and explored some new country about the Kuen Lun Range, in the neighbourhood of the Arumye-Kor Pass, near the Tosu Nor, and the Nomoran Ala Pass, near the Alang Nor. At Barong Dsassak he heard that the Russian expedition to Tibet had reached Lhassa and decided to go through East Tibet via Ohamdo, Batang and Litang. At Jye Kundo (Kegido of Pandit A. K), his troubles with the Lamas commenced, and he had to abandon his luggage and make for Tachienlu, and thence to Chungking in Ssuchuan. He made surveys of all routes and has apparently gained a considerable amount of knowledge of hitherto unexplored country, where his route diverged from those followed by Prjevalski or the Pundit A. K. It is satisfactory to find that he speaks in high terms of the correctness of the latter's survey, though he finds fault with his spelling of names of places. It is to be hoped that the fuller account of his travels, which he offers to the Royal Greographical Society, may be given hereafter. From Globus we leai'n that Joseph Martin left Pekin for Lanchow and Sin-ning, with the intention of reaching Tibet, via the Kuku Nor. 1890 ] AJdress. 83 The object of his journey is to make observations on the physical geography and geology of the tract. Mons Dutreuil de Rhins has lately brought out a work entitled " Asie Centrale." It comprises a volume of text and an atlas of 23 maps, besides a general map of the true Central Asia, i, e., Tliibet and the adjacent regions, from Lake Lob 'Nov to British India, and from Kashgaria to the -western provinces of China, between the latitudes of 27° and 41° north, and longitudes 78° and 102° east of Paris. The author professes to have reconstituted the cartography of Central Asia by making a fresh critical analysis of all the original documents ancient and modei-n, European and Chinese. The Abbe Desgodins, who was for so many years at Bathang, has returned to France and has taken with him the MS. of a great Dictionary of the Tibetan language, in which the meaning of each word is given in English, French and Latin. He has worked at it for the last 25 years and now proposes to have it printed in France. Tnrlcestan and Central Asia. Tliere has been unwonted activity in exploring in the neighbourhood of the Pamir and other parts of Central Asia during the year. At least three Russian expeditions, one Austrian and one French were so engaged, besides private and official explorers fi'om our own side. The princij^al of the Russian expeditions was that which was to have started for Tibet in 1888 under Prjevalski, and after his death was placed under charge of his companion, Colonel PevtzofP. The ex- pedition, composed of Col. Pevtzoff and two other companions of Prje- valski, Lieuts. Roborovsky and Kozloff, left Prjevalsk (Karakol) about the middle of May last, crossed the Tian Shan by the Baraskaunski and Bedel Passes and then made their way by the Dungaret-ma Pass to the Tarkand River by a route hitherto untraversed by any European. They found the Sart inhabitants friendly. This type shows an Aryan descent and both men and women are good looking. From the Yarkand River they went to Aksak Moral. In the desert of Takla Maklan to the right bank of the Yarkand River, they found many buried remains of ancient cities. They reached Yarkand on the 3rd July, where the geologist, M. Bogdanovitch, joined them, and then went on to Khotan and Nia, where they propose to winter and in the spring to go into Tibet over the Toguz Daban Range, by a pass discovered by M. Roborovsky, at Youngilik-Khanym, leading to a desolate and uninhabited plateau at 12,000 feet elevation but well watered and cultivated more to the south. This pass is about 80 miles to the east of the pass across the Kuen Lun Mts. from Southei'n Khotan to Lake Zashi Kul. The expedition has already collected a good many new geographical and ethnographical 84 Address. [Feb. particulars about Kasligaria, besides astronomical and magnetic observa- tions and topographical surveys over an itinerary of nearly 1,100 miles. M. Bogdanovitch lias explored geologically the valleys of the Raskem, or Yarkand, River and of its affluent the Tiznaf, and also the the country in the neighbourhood of the Mustagh Ata, or Tagharma moun- tains, west of Yarkand. Petermann^s Mittheihmgen contains a full account of Prjevalski's fourth journey in Central Asia, by Dr. Carl Diener, of Vienna, with a map showing the course of Prjevalski's four journeys. Captain Grrombtchevski, whose exploration over the Pamir to Kan- jut was noticed in last year's address, left Margilan on the 13th July last on another expedition to the south of the Hindu Kush. He passed through Karategin and Darwaz to Kila Khumb on the upper Oxus, intending to proceed to Shignanand Lake Shewa, if possible, and then to Kafiristan. After following the course of the Panjah to the junction of the Wanj River, he explored the valley of the latter, and then proceeded by the Syr-Artchi Pass to Khin-i-ab, in Wakhan. The passage of the Syr-Artchi was very difficult over more than 7 miles of ice, and at the commencement of September deep snow covered the country. Being refused admission into Afghanistan, he decided upon marching towards the sources of the Ak-Su and the Taghdumbash Pamir, where he ar- rano-ed for crossing the Ili-su-Pass to the valley of the river Raskem. In October he was at Kaindyn Aouzy, on the Ili-Su, and proposed to visit the sources of the Raskem river, in the Karakoram Mountains, and thence explore the basin of the upper Khotan river. He claims to have discovered two new passes, the Kilinj and the Kadarpur, the first is, however, well known, having been visited by Col. Woodthorpe. Another important Russian exploring party is that under M. Grum- Grjimailo, who started from Vernyi, in April last, in company with his brother, to explore the Eastern Tian Shan, where he will endeavour to connect Prjevalski's surveys with those of Potanin and also com- plete the botanical and zoological work of Prjevalski and other tra- vellers in this part of Central Asia. From the Tian Shan, he was to travel by way of Turf an to Lake Lob Nor and thence explore the Altyn Tag range. The latest accounts from these explorers inform us that they have found that the existing maps of the Eastern Tian Shan are quite incorrect. They have gathered very rich collections of vertebrates and insects. It may be of interest to Indian meteorologists that the spring was very late in Dzungaria, and that in the month of May, the lower limit of snows on the Ala Tau range, in the latitude of 43° JN"., was 7,874 feet. The winter of 1888-89 in Trans-Caspia is said to have been unusually severe. M. Bogdanovitch reports heavy rain and floods, in May and June last, in the mountains to the west of Yarkand. 1890.] Address. 85 Mods. Bonvalot, whose account of his expedition to the Pamir was noticed last year, is again in Central Asia, in company with Prince Henry of Orleans, and wrote from Kuldja, last September, that he was starting for Lob-Nor with the intention of crossing the Tsaidama and going by the Mur-Usu to reach Bathang, and thence, if all went well, they would go towards Yunnan and Tonquin. From later accounts received from Kurla, near Lake Bagratch-Kul in Eastern Turkestan, the party had been joined by M. de Decken, a Belgian missionary, from Kuldja. From Lob-Nor they proposed to make for the upper Yang-tse- kiang. They had already made good collections of birds and mammals. Major Cumberland and Lieut. Bower have been travelling towards Yarkand, Maralbashi and the Pamirs. The Austrian traveller. Dr. J. Troll, passed last winter in Chinese Turkestan and made a journey to Khotan in May last, and thence crossed the Karakoram into Ladak. M. Dauvergne, of Srinagar, has made a remarkable journey along the northern slopes of the Hindu Kush, to the Taghdumbash and Baro- ghil Pass, and thence, along a hitherto unexplored path by the Gazkul, or Karambar Sar, to Gakuch, on the Gilgit River. He finds that instead of one lake there are two, the Gazkul and the Karambar Sar, separated by a narrow rocky watershed. From the former, the Yarkhun river flows and from the latter the Karambar or Ashkaman River. Kanjiit and Hunza have been visited by the British Political Agent, Capt. Durand, and Lieut. Manners Smith. The Founder's Medal of the Royal Geographical Society has been awarded to Mr. A. D. Carey, C. S., for his journey through Central Asia in 1886-87. Captain F. E. Younghusband, whose adventurous journey from China via the Mustagh Pass to India was noticed in last year's address, has again been exploring in the same regions. He crossed the Karako- ram Pass and turning to the west explored in the neighbourhood of the two Mustagh Passes. He then went northwards to the Yarkand River and thence to the Taghdumbash Pamir where he met Grombtchev- ski, the Russian explorer. He examined the hill country to the south and the Khunjarab Pass, and then crossing the main range by the Mintaka Pass, well to the east of the Baroghil, made for Hunza by way of Gircha and Gulmit, and thence returned to India, via Gilgit and Kashmir. A new Russian map of the Pamir, on the scale of 1 : 1, 260,000 has been published privately in M. Romanoff's Memoires des Goleopteres. Among new works on Central Asia that have appeared during the year may be noted V. P. Nalivkine's Histoire du Khanate de Khokand translated from the Russian by Aug. Dozen. It is illustrated with a map, and contains a geographical and ethnographical introduction. 86 Address. [Feb. The Scottish GeograpJiical Magazine contains a very interesting ac- count of the Andaman Islands and their Inhabitants, by Colonel T. Cadell, V. C, and the Mitheilungen der K. K. Geographisch Gesellschaft, of Vienna, gives a paper by Dr. Svoboda on the Nicobar Islands and the Nicobarese, dealing with the geography of the islands and the customs of the people, including a full account of their funeral cere- monies. Our former valued member and contributor, Mr. V. Ball, has pub- lished a translation of Tavernier's " Travels in India," with copious notes, specially relating to the mineralogy of the diamond mines of Golconda and other parts of India. Marine Surveys. — Commander Carpenter's Report on the Marine Survey of India, which forms Appendix IX of the Annual Adminis- tration Report of the Indian Marine for 1888-89, gives a very interesting account of the operations of the survey and of the zoological work con- nected therewith. It appears that during the seven years which had elapsed since H. M. I. M. S. " Investigator " made her first surveying trip, she has run some 44,0U0 nriles, and that, inclusive of boat-work, a total of 33,500 miles of close soundings have been run, but as on the 4-inch scale there are 12 to 15 lines of soundings to a square mile, the total linear mileage of survey completed sufficiently for safe navigation round the coast of India is only 1,715 miles out of 5,000, or just one-third. The work of the season commenced in April in the neighbourhood of the Andamans and about 100 miles west of these islands, a submarine elevation was found of 1,370 fathoms standing a plateau of about 1,700 fathoms, which difference represents a submerged peak, 2,000 feet high. Subsequent investigation shewed a continuation of this I'idge or plateau of 1,700 fathoms. Between this ridge and the islands there is a groove or valley of 1,900 to 2,000 fathoms, which appears to stretch up from Acheen ; and on the west side of the valley the water appeared to be slightly colder than the normal temperature of those depths. After recessing at Poona, the party left Bombay in October, and some further soundings made between the Northern Lakadivh banks and the coast bank proved that the Lakadivh group form a chain of peaks rising from a bed of 1,100 fathoms, and are in themselves 6,600 feet above the bottom, or about the height of the Western Ghats in the same latitude. Some of the islands and banks are reported out in position, and will have to be examined. From Colombo, the ' Investigator ' proceeded to the Andamans and the soundings round South Sentinel Island were completed. Several fine specimens of the robber crab, " Birgus latro," were secured here. Observations shewed that the little Andaman had to be moved 1890.] Address. 87 about 1^ mile to the eastward, and that the Table Island Light was quite correctly placed on the chai'ts. A course was then laid for False Point, in Orissa, and deep-sea soundings made. A map attached to the report, shews that the Bay of Bengal has a regular decline towards its mouth : the Andaman and Nicobar Range form its eastern boundary (the sea east of the Andamans being a separate basin) ; the water nearer the coasts is slightly deeper than in the centre ; the depth falls off very suddenly from the 100 fathom line off the Sunderbands to the 900 fathom line. The most rapid fall is really from 100 fathoms to 650 fathoms, where the slope is 1 in 13. A light-house is reported to be much required at the mouth of the Devi E/iver. It was found that several of the river mouths, viz., False Point, the Jotador River, the Devi River, and the Chilka Lake entrance have all shifted their positions about 3 miles to the north-east, in the last 40 years by the extension of their sandy sj^its. A comparison of the soundings in Coconada Bay, with those taken in 1882 shows a similar noi'therly movement of the estuary, amounting to half a mile in 7 years, or three miles in 42 years. In another 40 years Coconada will be unapproachable by water. The erosion or transfer of sand, by the continuous southerly swell and the predominant southerly wind, are working vast changes along the immediate seaboard, which certain preventive measures may guide and modify, though they will be powerless to arrest them. In Appendix XII of the same report, Dr. Alcock has given a full and highly interesting account of the zoological operations of the survey from November 1888 to March 1889, at the Andamans and Cocos and on the Orissa coast, with a list of Fishes found off the latter, and also notes on the newly-hatched larval forms of Thenus orientalis and Hippa asiatica ; on the gestation of some Elasmo branch Fishes, and on those Fishes taken off the Orissa coast which are believed to be new. Dr. Alcock regrets that nothing has hitherto been done by the Survey in the way of botanical collection, but now that the necessaries have been furnished, he proposes to begin. In another Appendix (XIII) Commander Carpenter gives a memo- randum on the unsurveyed condition of portions of the coast line of India and Burma, showing what has been done, what remains to be done and when it might probably be undertaken by the present staff. Geology. The work of the Geological Survey of India, under the direction of Dr. William King, has during thclast year been mainly devoted to 88 Address. [Fer. the practical exploration of mineral products, the call for which, owing to the larger extension of the railway system, the interest evinced by private enterprise, and the desire of the Government of India to place the conditions of the resources of India as clearly as possible before the public, has become most urgent. Reports of the greatest economic interest and value have been pub- lished, in the Records of the Survey, on the Auriferous rock series (Blidrtvdrs), and the Diamond exploration in South India, by Mr. Foote ; on Tin-mining in Tenasserim, by Mr. Hughes ; on Indian steatite and materials for pottery manufacture in the neighbourhood of Jabalpur, by Mr. Mallet, who gives notes of trials of steatite from various parts of India as to capability of being cut into small pieces without breaking and freedom from grit, for the purpose of making gas-burners. The best specimens were from Kurnool, the Anantapur District and Jaipur, but many others were promising. Dr. Noetling has also given a very in- teresting and valuable Report on the Oil-fields of Tenangzoung, in Burma, in which he shows that under the native system of working the greater part of the oil-bearing sandstone is untouched and the oil industry would not be developed more than it is at present; but if ■worked according to the European style, by bores, these oil-fields are capable of considerable development in the future, but cannot be expected to compete vpith American or Russian oil. The first part of a provisional " Iiidex of the Local Distribution of important Minerals &c. in the Indian Empire" has been compiled by Dr. W. King, the Director of the Survey. Such an Index has been much wanted and will be of great value. It is ai-ranged ; first, by Pre- sidencies, Provinces, Agencies, or Native States, in alphabetical order, and gives the mineral products found in each under the heads of im- portant minerals, miscellaneous minerals, gem-stones and quarry-stones. Professor the Ober-Bergrath, Dr. W. Waagen, of Prag, continues his admirable memoirs on the Salt-range fossils, in the Falceontologia Indica, of which Part I, Vol. lY., Geological Results, was issued by the Survey in December last. Succeeding parts of this volume will be issued as volumes II and III, are completed, the part now issued having reference mainly to the first volume, The Salt-range geology is, however, continually receiving great attention from explorers and per- haps the most interesting observation yet made is that of Dr. Wavth, who was fortunate enough early in the year to make the remai-kable discovery of trilobites in the Neoholus beds, which had long been looked upon as of Silurian age. Dr. Waagen confirmed the discovery by recognising two determinable species ; one a Conoce])lialites, very nearly related to Con. formosus, Hartt. from the St. John's grouji, and the, other 1890.] AMress. 89 probably an OJenus; tlius giving a lower Cambrian, or by priority, Taconic age to the Neobolus beds. Messrs. Middlemiss and Datta have since made considerable additions to this lowest palseozoic fauna, recognising two fossiliferous zones in the upper of which a decidedly clearer and somewhat larger form of Gonocephalites occurs. Mr. Griesbach, on his I'eturn from deputation with the Amir of Cabul, in July last, reports that during his journey up the Logar Valley to the Khurd Kabul Valley, he recognised at least three horizons : the RhjBtic, with Litlwdendron (in Kharwar) ; the Upper Jurassic (or possibly Neocomian) plant-beds (near the Shutargardan), and well developed nummulitics (in Kharwar and Shilgar). Mr. Middlemiss has completed his memoirs on the Physical Geology of the Sub-Himalaya of Garhwal and Kumaon, which will be issued by the Survey almost immediately. It should form an excellent addition to the literature and study of the geology of the outer Himalaya, which was so ably initiated and carried on by Mr. Medlicott, the previous Director of the Survey. Some interesting new information regarding the geology of the Pamir border-ridge, in the neighbourhood of the Mustagh Ata, or Tagharma Peak, and the adjoining valleys, whi^h had already been explored by Dr. Stoliczka, has been obtained by M. Bogdanovitch, the geologist of the Russian expedition to Tibet under Colonel Pevtzolf. He finds no trace of mountains running north and south on the eastern edge of the great Pamir plateau. The Kashgar mountains are an upheaval of gneisses, metamorphic slates and tertiary deposits running from north-west to south-east. The limestones which Stoliczka sup- posed to be Triassic, proved to be Devonian. Several very characteristic Upper-Devonian fossils were found, together with the corals described by Stoliczka. The tertiary sandstones are broken through by dolerites of volcanic origin, at the very border of the plateau, on the slope towards Kashgaria. Among the geological papers in our Journal may be noted, Mr R. Lydekker's on the Tortoises described as Chaibassia, in which he shows that the genus Chaibassia should be included in Nicoria, and that the one species of the former should be known as N. tricarinata. Brigadier- General Collett's very interesting note on the geology of the Myelat District, in Bui-ma, noticed last year, has been published. He draws attention to some curious features in tlie drainage of the country, by which the streams dizain into crater-like holes, from a few feet diameter to areas of 3 or 4 square miles, formed by the washing down of the clays overlying weatherworn limestones into the rock below, so that the country is practically without rivers. 90 Address. [Feb, Captain A. W. Stiff e recently read before the Geological Society oJ; London a paper on the Glaciation of parts of the Valleys of the Jhelam and Sind rivers in the Himalayan mountains of Kashmir ; in which he gives an account of some observations he made, in 1885, which appeared to indicate signs of former glaciation on a most enormous scale. Among the books on Indian Geology, published during the year Mr. Medlicott's Sketch of the Geology of the Pnnjah merits notice. Under the heads — Aravali Region ; the Plains ; the Salt-range and its west extension ; the Himalayan district ; the Afghan region ; the Suleiman range — considerable light is thrown on the geological struc- ture of the whole Punjab region. Mr. R. D. Oldham's Bibliography of Indian Geology, which sliould have been noticed in last year's address, is a very valuable aid to the Indian Geologist and meets an urgent want. I also note a pamphlet by Mons. J. Marcou, on the Taconic in the Salt-range in the Punjab. A Report by Mr. P. Bosworth- Smith, on the Kolar Gold-field and its extension from Mysore into the Madi-as Presidency, has been pub- lished at Madras. Meteorology. There is, on the whole, loss to record on the work of the Meteoro- logical Department during the past year than during the previous two years. The most important event was the retii-ement of the head of the department, Mr. H. P. Blanford, at the end of two years' furlough. Mr, Blanford has been a most active member of the Society for many years and was for some time before he went on furlough in May 1886, President of the Society. His services to the Society have been already fully acknowledged in the annual address of the year. Mr. Blanford's attention was first directed to the subject of Indian Meteorology by the great Calcutta cyclone of October 1864, of which he and Col. Gastrell drew up a full and interesting account. The storm and subsequent inquiry led to the introduction of a system of storm-signals for the Port of Calcutta and River Hooghly. A Meteoro- logical Committee was formed in 1865 and subsequently this led to the establishment of the Bengal Meteorological Department in 1867, and Mr. Blanford was appointed head of that department as Meteorological Reporter to the Government of Bengal. He wrote a series of valuable annual reports on the Meteorology of Bengal and various papers on meteorological matters, some of which were published in the Transac- tions of the Hoyal Society and othci'S in the Journal of our Society. 1890.] Address. 91 His experience soon showed him that the system of independent pro- vincial Meteorological Departments was veiy unscientific and that rapid progress in the investigation of the Meteorology of India could only be made by combining the provincial departments into a single system. In that way only could the Meteorology of India be dealt with and studied as a whole. His efforts in this direction finally brought forth fruit. In 1875, he was asked by the Government of India to report upon the provincial systems and to propose a scheme for their unifi- cation and the establishment of a Meteorological Department for the whole of India. He submitted the report called for, in July 1875, and the scheme he projiosed was adopted. He was appointed Meteoro- logical Reporter to the Government of India, in order that the scheme he proposed might be carried out, and the objects realized in the most effective manner. From that time to the date of his retirement he laboured most earnestly and energetically to realize his idea of a tho- roughly efficient department which should deal with the Meteorology of India from a practical as well as a scientific stand-point. The storm- signal duties of the department were rapidly extended and before the termination of his service, a system was in force for warning all the more important ports of the Empire. Daily reports for the whole of India, similar to those published by Meteorological Bureaus in Europe, are, as a result of his labours, issued at Simla, and local reijorts at Calcutta and Bombay, to give early weather information to the mercan- tile and seafaring communities of these two ports. A valuable series of annual reports dealing with the Meteorology of India as a whole, and of monographs on various Indian Meteorological subjects, in the " Indian Meteorological Memoirs,'^ have been published during this period. Pro- bably the most valuable of all is the monograph on the " Rainfall of India," based on the whole of the available information up to date. Since his retirement he has written a very valuable jiopular treatise on the " Climates and weather of India." It is based on the whole of the materials and researches of the department to the time of his retirement. It is not only very interesting reading, but gives later and more complete information on Indian Meteorology than is to be found elsewhere. It . will, it is to be hoped, awake a livelier interest in the pi'oblems of Indian Meteorology amongst European meteorologists and induce them to assist investigations. The number of scientific meteorologists engaged in the investigation of the problems of the weather of Western Europe (no larger than India) are to be numbered probably by hundreds, whilst it is doubtful whether there are as many as a dozen who devote them- selves to the elucidation of the meteorological problems of India. An important feature of the work of the year 1889 in Meteorology 92 Address. [Feb. in India was the permanent introduction of the series of changes which wei-e referred to in last year's address as being in part tried temporai'ily. The following is a brief summary of these changes : — 1st. — The substitution of 8 A. M. for 10 A. M. as the chief hour of observation in India. 27id. — The introduction of a uniform system of registering rainfall throughout India and the adoption of the same hour, viz., 8 A. M., at all the revenue rainfall recording stations. 3rd. — Grreater prominence to observations during storms. This is effected by assigning separate and special payments for these observations, the amount being determined by the value of the observations. 4:th. — Increased inspections by the emploj^ment of Native Inspectors. Their services are especially utilized for inspection during the hot weather and rains. They are also employed to train new observers or observers imperfectly aquainted with their work and to inspect any observatory, the observations of which from some cause or other become vitiated by fre- quent or constant error, the nature of which it is impossible to determine by correspondence with the Superintendent. bill. — The systematic and regular collection of meteorological data respecting the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal from ships entering the ports of Bombay and Calcutta, with a view to the publication, for a period of two years at least, of daily charts of the whole Indian land and sea area. 6th. — The occasional employment of European meteorologists to discuss completed series of observations such as, for exam- ple, forest rainfall data, for a number of years in order to determine the influence of forests on rainfall &c. These large changes necessitated a number of smaller changes in the work and pay of observers and in the office establishments, but these do not need further notice. The great majority of these changed were made permanently on the 1st of January 1889, and the remainder during the year. Another important advance was the commencement of the publica- cation of a daily report and chart at Bombay for the use of the mer- cantile and seafaring community of that port. This was urged on the Government of India both by the Port Trust and the Chamber of Com- merce in the year 1888. Both bodies were consulted as to whether they would contribute to the increased expenditure. The Chamber of Com- merce offered a liberal contribution as an experimental measure for one year and the Bombay Government undertook to print the chart and 1800. J Address. 03 rejiort at the Secretariat press. This local assistance made the publica- tion of a suitable repoi-t possible, and practicable, and a report and chart embodying observations from upwards of 40 stations, situated not only in the Bombay Presidency, but in the large wheat and cotton-producing districts in the Central Provinces and North-Western Provinces, which supply these products to Bombay for use or for export, has been issued from May 1889. It has been most useful and is so much appreciated in Bombay that its establishment on a permanent basis next year is practically certain. Another important step in advance in the practical work of the Department was the adoption of an extended and improved system of storm signals for the Bombay or West coast of India ports. It may, in the first place, be premised that it is evidently more difficult to warn the Bombay than the Bay of Bengal coast. The Bay of Bengal is sur- rounded on all sides except the south by a battery of observing stations and is of such limited extent that a large cyclonic storm in it always gives certain indications of its existence at the coast stations some time before it reaches land. The Arabian Sea has, so far as the work of the Indian Department is concerned, stations at only one side viz., the east, and it is quite possible for cyclones to form in it and cross to the north or west without giving any indication to the Bombay coast stations. It is hence practically possible to wai^n steamers at any of the Bay of Bengal ports of the existence of any cyclonic storm they are likely to meet with in the Bay if they leave port. Sucb a thing is only partially possible for vessels leaving Bombay or Kurrachee, and it has hitherto not been attempted at all. The system adopted was suggested by Sir Henry Morland, Port Officer of Bombay, and is similar to that used to warn British coasts. Its aim is to warn the ports of any approaching storm likely to give a gale to the port and also to intimate to shipping in the ports the position and course of any cyclonic storm in the Arabian Sea, the existence of which is shewn by the coast observations. Several minor improvements have been effected in the Bengal or Calcutta storm-warning system. Arrangements have been made for obtaining early weather information from the pilot- vessels at the Sand- teads. Telegrapliic communication to Diamond Island (the most im- portant station for indicating the first existence of storms forming near the Andamans) has been much improved. Mr. Pedler some time ago drew my attention to the meteorological interest of the fact noticed at the time of Mr. Spencer's first balloon ascent, of his first travelling in a northerly direction and then in a south- easterly, and he has kindly given me the following note on the subject. " In connection with the subject of Meteorology, it may be mentioned 04 Address. [Feb. tliat there were two balloon ascents made in Calcutta in the year 1889, and tlie observations made on these occasions point to the fact that extremely valuable information might be obtained from a series of such ascents. " It is well known that during the hot- weather months, Bengal forms a kind of focus to which three converging wind systems blow. There is the north-westerly current, blowing down the Gangetic valley, which spreads over Behar, parts of Chutia Nagpur &c. ; the second is an easterly current blowing down the Assam valley, and the third is the strong southerly current which blows at the head of the Bay of Bengal, and for some distance inland. The strength of these southerly winds, as judged by the wind velocity, is greater in the hot- weather months, when very little rain is brought up by them, than it is in the actual soutli-west monsoon season, when, as is well-known, extremely heavy rain is brought up by the southerly current. It has been surmised that the southerly winds of the hot- weather months are confined to a shallow belt near the eartli's surface and do not extend to considerable altitudes like the south-west monsoon current, and hence, though strong on the surface of the land, they do not penetrate far into the interior of the province of Bengal. " On the first occasion when Mr. Spencer ascended in his balloon, on 19th March 1889, from the Calcutta Maidan, there was a moderate south south-westei'ly wind blowing near the surface. The balloon was at first carried rapidly towards the north-north-east, slowly rising also in its course. When the balloon, so far as could be judged, was about 1,500 to 2,000 feet high, it ceased to have any northerly movement, and shortly afterwards drifted very rapidly in a south-easterly direction, proving clearly that there was a strong north-westerly wind-current blowing only a short distance above the earth's surface, say at an altitude of 2,000 to 2,500 feet, notwithstanding the strong southerly current blowing below it. The second balloon ascent was made by Mr. Spencer accompanied by Lieut. H. J. Coninghani, who very kindly consented to take a series of meteorological observations which will be published in the Report of the Meteorology of India for 1883. Mr. Coningham writes in connec- tion with the direction of winds experienced in this ascent as follows : — " The balloon started with an almost direct southerly wind (i. e., south to north), and continued in this direction until an altitude of about 3,500 feet was reached, when there was a tendency for the balloon to go towards the south-south-east, and above this height there was a north-north-westerly wind blowing ; but on coming near the earth again (about 2,800 feet), the balloon took a north-westerly course, 1800.] Address. 95 showing that the wind was from south-east, until it reached eavth at 6*5 p. M., a few miles to the east of Baraset." " This would appear to shew that in the middle of April the souther- ly current was deeper than in the middle of March by about 1,000 feet, and that in April its depth is at least 3,000 feet. " It is clear, therefore, that a series of balloon ascents, during which proper meteorological observations were made, would yield most valuable results in extending our knowledge of the air-currents in India." Two papers by Mr. S. A. Hill, Meteorological Reporter to the Government of the N.-W. P., have been published in our Journal since my last address. In one of them he gives a number of observations with a Regnault's psychrometer and draws from them the practical conclusion that Regnault's modification of August's pSychrometric formula is not likely to be improved upon, and that if we want the diy and wet bulb thermometers to indicate the humidity correctly at times when there is no wind, they ought to be ventilated artificially at the time of observing. The other paper, on the Tornadoes and Hail- storms of April and May 1888, iu the Doab and Rohilkhand, was noticed in last year's Address. At the December meeting, an interesting paper was presented by Mr. J. Eliot on the occasional inversion of the tempei'ature relations between the hills and plains of the Northern India. The paper deals with a peculiar feature of the minimum cold-weather night-temperature in Northern India, which is often higher in the hill-stations than it is in the plains below. The occui'rence of the phenomena and its causes ai'e fully entered into by Mr. Eliot. It may briefly be said that a flow of cold air from the hills to the plains after sunset causes a corresponding displacement of warm air towards the hills. Part VI, Vol. IV of the Indian Meteorological Memoirs, is devoted to a very interesting and suggestive paper by Mr. S. A. Hill, on tem- perature and humidity observations made at Allahabad at various heights above the ground. The principal point proved confirmed the results given in Mr. H, F. Blanford's paper on the temperature at different heights above the ground at Alipore, among which was the very curious fact that for some distance above the ground, the mean temperature of the air increases on ascending instead of decreasing, as it should do under the ordinary course of events. At Allahabad on the average of the whole year, the temperature increases up to about 155 feet from the ground, and the increase amounts to about 1'5° F. The third chapter of the revised edition of Dr. Loomis' Contri- butions to Meteorology is devoted to a consideration of the mean annual Rainfall for different countric.'; of the globe, and of the conditions 96 Address. [Feb. favourable and unfavourable for rainfall. Attached are several excel- lent maps showing the mean annual rainfall of the whole world and of various countries. The rainfall of India and contiguous countries is fully considered, and tables of rainfall at Cherra Punji, the Khasi Hills and at mountain stations are given. An elaborate atlas of twenty-two charts, containing the results of observations in the Indian Ocean for the months of December, January and Febi'uary, published by the Royal Meteorological Institute at Utrecht, is noticed in Nature. No less than 51,199 observations have been used in the construction of the wind-chart for December. The atlas includes charts of temperature, currents, atmospheric pressure, speciiic gravity, rain, and percentages of storms. Chemistry. Considering the enormous and almost unworked field for chemical research that lies open in India, it is remarkable that so attractive a science should find so few votaries in this country, so far, at any rate, as may be judged by the paucity of published papers. The idea that a quantity of delicate and expensive apparatus is required, no doubt deters many, and the pursuit is not as yet a sufficiently remunerative one to tempt the chemical students of our Colleges to take it up as a pro- fession. One cannot, however, help contrasting the slow progress in practical science made in this country with the rapid advances made in Japan, and especially in applied chemistry. The only chemical paper in our Journal is by Mr. A. Pedler — on the Volatility of some of the compounds of Mercury and of the metal itself. In it he notices a case of slow distillation of mercury in the tube of a barometer at Buxar (Behar), and points out that with instru- ments of this kind, on the Kew principle, the sublimation of the mer- cury would entirely vitiate the accuracy of the reading. He also de- scribes the results of experiments on various mercuric compounds and on the mercurous chloi-ide. He found that mercuric chloride is very decidedly volatile at ordinary air temperatui'es, but the volatility is in- creased by the direct action of light. The paper concludes with a word of warning against the indiscriminate use of corrosive sublimate for pre- serving books and for other similar insecticide and preservative purposes. From Dr. G. King's last report on the Government Cinchona Plantations in Sikkim, we learn that the new oil-process for making sulphate of quinine, referred to in my last address, was in use throughout the year 1888-89, and no less than 2,191 lbs of that drug were pre- pared by it. Arrangeraents have also been made for its application to the manufacture of cinchona febrifuge. The new process is found 1890.] A,hlre)is. 97 •lo work perfectly; the bark is exhausteJ of tlie wliole of its alkaloid ; and the quinine produced is professionally reported to be as pure in quality and as satisfactory in appearance as quinine of the best European brands. The report contains an interesting note on the process by Mr. C. H, Wood, formei-ly Government Quinologist, to whom the original conception of it is due. Pure sulphate of quinine is also manufactured at the Nadavatara Cinchona Plantation in the Nilgiris, by the same process. The Monatsh. (77ie)?t. contains papers on the constitution of the Cin- chona alkaloids by Z. H. Skraup., H. Schniderschitsch, and J. Wiirstl. In the Gomptes Benclus, Mons. E. Landrin descx-ibes his method of^ analysis of Cinchonas and ascertaining the solubility of their active principles in water, alcohol, and dilute hydrochloric acid. Mr. David Hooper has published in the Chemical News, further notes on the chemistry of Gymnecic acid, the active principle obtained from the leaves of the Gymnema sylvestre, which has the peculiar property of destroying the power of the tongue to appreciate sweet substances. He gives it the empirical formula Cg^H.^s^n- ^^^^ same acid is con- tained in other species of Gymnema ; G. Jiirsnta contains a considerable quantity and G. montana a smaller proportion. Mr. John Tsawoo White, of Rangoon, has published in the same Journal papers on the estimation of Tea Tannin and on an analysis of Indigo-stem ash." The Proceedings of the Royal Society contain a valuable investiga- tion, by Drs. Sydney Martin and R. N. Wolfenden, into the physiolo- gical action of the active principle of the seeds of Ahrus precatorius (Jequirity) ; also a paper by Dr. Martin on the toxic action of the albumose from the same seeds. The authors of the first paper find that the globulin of the seeds of Ahrus has the same physiological action as the watery extract of the seeds, and as the proteid body ' Abrin ' described by Drs. Warden and Waddell. Its poisonous action is completely destroyed by momentarily heating a solution to a temperature of 75° or 80° C, at which the glo- bulin coagulates. The first author concludes that the Abrus poison is of the nature ■ of a fei'ment attached to the proteids globulin and albumose. That the proteids develope by contact with living tissue a body or bodies which are poisonous. The poisonous activity of the seeds re- sides in the two proteids, a paraglobulin, and an albumose. Warden and Waddell's " Abrin" being a mixture of both. Both of these proteids have practically the same toxic action on the human economy, and their activity is destroyed by moist heat. In 98 Adaress. [Feb. solution the activity of the globulin is destroyed between 75° and 80° C, and of the albumose between 80° and 85° C. Abrus poison resem- bles snake-poison in the local lesions, in producing a fall of body-tem- peratnre, fluidity of the blood and in the effect of heat upon it, but it is less active. Messrs. K. Hazura and A. Griissner, have examined castor-oil and have found (ZeitscJirift fiir angetvandte Chemie) that this oil is not a single compound, as hitherto supposed, but a mixture of two isomeric acids of the composition C^g Hg^ O3, one of which, ricinoleic acid, yields on oxidation trioxystearic acid, whilst the other, ricinis oleic acid, is a trioxystearic acid. The proportion of these acids is about one of the formei" to two of the latter. As no dioxystearic acid has been ob- tained from the oxidation of the liquid acids of castor-oil, it may be concluded that of all the fatty oils hitherto examined, castor-oil is the only one which contains no oleine. Messrs. Benedikt, Ehrlich and XJlzer, in the same journal, shew that lac is a substance of the nature of the fats, and by successive oxidations with permanganate is converted almost entirely into azelaic acid and certain inferior fatty acids. Herr Stillmark has investigated the poisonous principle in castor- oil seeds (Arbeit, d. pharmakol. List. Dorpat.) and comes to the con- clusion that it is an albumenoid body, identical with " ^-phytalbumose," separated from the dried juice of the Carica papaya by Dr. Sidney Martin and belonging to the class of unform.ed ferments. This sub- stance, which has been termed ' ricin,' is intensely poisonous and exer- cises a remarkable power of coagulation of the blood. Experiments were made with seeds of nine other species of Ricimis as well as with those of Croton tigluim and Jatropha curus and in each case similar poisonous albumenoid substances were obtained. In the Archives des Sciences Physiques et Nattirelles, Mons. M. C. Grasbe has published an account of his examination of Indian yellow (piuri or puri-ee of this country). From a memorandum drawn up, after personal inspection and enquiry, by Babu T. 'N. Mukharji, the present Assistant- Curator of the Economic Section of the Indian Museum, quoted by the author, it appears that this substance is obtained from the urine of cows fed on mangoes, and one of the principal seats of the manufacture is Monghyr. As is already well known, the colouring principle of this dye is a compound of euxanthinic acid with magnesium, with some free euxanthone, and several experiments had been made without success to prepare euxanthone by synthesis. The author has, however, by means of a combination of hydroquinone and resorcin suc- ceeded in obtaining an artificial euxanthone, in every respect identical with that obtained from Indian yellow. 1890.] Address. 99 The Journal of the Society of Ghemical Industry contains an interest- ing account of the Opium industry in the N.-W. Provinces and Oudh, by Dr. P. A. Weir. In the Zeitsclirift fur angeioandte Gliemie M. Honig gives a method for the determination of indigotin in commercial indigo, based on the fact that aniline and nitro-benzeue in a boiling state are moderate solvents for indigotin, the whole of which under certain conditions may be completely dissolved and crystallised out. Messrs. J. Bertram and E. Gildemeister have investigated (Journ. Prakt. Chemie), betel-oil obtained from the dried leaves of Piper hetle and found an entirely different phenol from the Ghavicol obtained by Eykman from the fresh leaves. This phenol the authors call Betel phenol. They have also prepared other derivatives. In the Ghem. Berichte, E. Jahns has published an investigation of the alkaloids of the Areca nut. Anthropology and Ethnology. So far as can be judged from the publications, anthropological science has not made much way in India during the year. The re- sults of the valuable work done by Mr. H. H. Risley, in Bengal, which we hoped to have seen published during the year, have not yet appeared. In our own Jotirnal or Proceedings, there are but few papers of anthropological or ethnographical interest. In Part II, N'o. 2, Mr. Wood-Mason has described a neo-lithic celt found near the village of Bagicha, near Jashpur, in the Chota-l!fagpore District. Papers on the Savaras and on the Pohiras of the Lohardugga District, by Mr. W. H. P. Driver, were read at the November and December meetings and will be published in the Joiirnal. The Journal of the Anthropological Society of Bombay, contains several interesting papers, among which may be cited : — A Note on Anthropology in India, by Mr. H. H. Risley, C. S., in which he points out the lines on which organised anthropological observations in India should run. On Pitars or Tanks, by Mr. K. Ragunathji. Mr. E, Rehatsek continues his Statistics of Suicides in Bombay, and Mr. J. de Cunha has a note on the same subject. Mr. Kedarnath Basu gives a col- lection of 232 superstitions in Bengal. Purushotam Balkhrishna Joshi describes the Gondhalis, a class of Maratha bards, and their special dance, the gondhal, performed in honour of the goddess Amba Bhavani. Dr. J. G. de Cunha contributes an interesting paper on Amulets. Surgeon Major K. R. Kirtikar gives an account of the ceremonies ob- served among Hindus during pregnancy and parturition. Lt.-Col. Gunthorpe's note on the Bhande Kumars contains some interesting in- 100 AJdress. [Feb, formation about tliis wandeinng tribe of potters wlio originally came from Guzerat. Mr. F Fawcett describes a curious custom obtaining among the Berulu Kodos, a subsect of the Morasu Vokaligaru, of the Mysore Pro- vince, consisting in a symbolical deformation of the right hands of women, in place of the actual amputation of the last phalanges of the third and fourth fingers of the right hand, formerly in vogue, of which and the attendant ceremonies, a full account is given. Until this ceremony has been performed the women are not considered marriageable. The same author contributes a paper on a mode of obsession, which deals with the belief in a part of Bangalore, in the possession of women by the spirits of drowned persons, and another on a custom followed by the Mysore " Gollavalu," shepherd-caste people, of absolutely isolating a parturient woman in a hut by herself for three months. Babu. Kedarnath Basu gives an account of the minor Vaishnava sects of Bengal. Mr. H. A. Acworth, B. C. S., has recently read a paper on the worship of the Tulsi plant, Ocymum sanctum, the sacred basil. The Indian Antiquary contains papei^s on Folklore in Southern and Western India and Burma, already referred to ; also notes on social CListoms connected with Pregnancy in Bombay ; Death, in Bombay and Kashmir, and with Parturition in Madras. The Taprohanian contains a paper, by Mr. H. Nevill, on Sinhalese Folklore, Nursery rhymes and sayings. In the Journal of the Anthropological Institute Mr. Arthur Thomson has a valuable paper on the osteology of the Veddahs of Ceylon, tending to show that if the Veddahs be not of the same stock as the so-called aborigines of Southern India, they, at least, present very strong points of resemblance, both as regards stature, proportion of limbs, cranial capa- city and form of skull. If physical features alone be taken into account, their affinities with the hill-tribes of the Nilgiris and the natives of the Coromandel Coast and of the country near Cape Comorin are fairly well established. Mr. E. H. Man gives a brief account of the Nicobar Is- landers and their inhabitants, with evidence for their affinity to the Malays and Burmese. The paper is illustrated with plates. In another very interesting paper, Mr. Man describes the funeral rites and cere- monies of these islanders. Sir Lepel Griffin has given an account of the Bhils of Central India in the Asiatic Quarterly Review. The Revue d' Anthropologie contains the continuation of an interest- ing paper, by Dr. Seeland, on Kashgaria and the Passes of the Tian Shan, in which he shows that the ethnic type of the Kash- garians is clearly that of a deteriorated mixed race, in which the original Aryan or Turkish character has been nearly obliterated by repeated admixture with different Mongol races. 1890.] Address. 101 In the MittTiellungen der AnthropologiscJien Gesellschaft in Wien, in a paper entitled " Ueber tulapurusha der Inder ", Dr. M. Haberlandt discusses the practice of Tulpurusha, Tulddhdna or Tuldbhara, or weigh- ment of royal personages or notabilities against precious metals, or other commodities, for purposes of alms-giving or atonement in cases of sick- ness &c., formerly and even recently practised in India, both by Hindus and Muhammadans, as well as in other countries. The Revue Scientifique contains an interesting account of the Siah Posh Kafirs and other inhabitants of Chitral, by Mons. G. Capus, in a paper " Les Kafirs et le Kafiristan." In a paper on the Sonthals of N. E. Bengal, published by Dr. S. Kneeland in the Bulletin of the Essex Institute, Salem, Mass., he brino-s forward evidence pointing to the pro-Malay origin of these tribes. Professor Dr. Aurel von Toiok, has described, in the Internationale Monatschrift fiir Anatomie und Physiologie, a new universal Craniophor, or machine for measuring skulls, by the aid of which accurate drawino-g of different sections of the skull can be laid down on paper. In Mr. Holt S. Hallett's recent work on Burma and Siam, already noticed, he has given a most interesting account of the races found in Indo-China. The aborigines of Lower Indo-China appear to have been Negritos, probably akin to those of the Andaman Islands, and the hills of the Malay Peninsula. Other dwarf races of Negrito origin were met with, belonging to the tribes about Luang Prabang. The Ban Lawa tribes of the Shan States, the Mon race of Lower Burma, and the Chams or Cambodians are mongoloid tribes of a race with Malaysian affinities. This Mon race is represented in Western Bengal and Central India by Kolarian tribes. Although beyond the limits, I have necessarily confined myself to, it seems desirable to mention a very elaborate work presented to the Society by the author, Signor Elio Modigliani, entitled " Un viaggio a Nias." Nias is an island of some size, lying to the south of Sumatra and the work is an account of the author's travels and scientific exploration. He seems to have paid particular attention to the people of the country and discusses fully their social constitution, the social and domestic position of women, their arts and industries, agriculture and commerce . their superstitions and religious beliefs and language. The work is copiously illustrated with collotype plates of the people and their dwell- ings and with wood-cuts of their clothing, weapons, domestic utensils &c. Vocabularies in Italian and Nias are also given. Judo-ino" from the photographs the inhab itants seem to be of the Malay type, resem- bling the Nicobarese, but their costumes are much more elaborate The Zoology of the Island is also discussed and coloured plates are given of birds and other fauna. 102 Address. [Feb". Zoology. Dui'ing the year unusually large and interesting additions have been made to our knowledge of the Zoology of the Indian, Oriental and Central Asian regions. In Indian Zoology, the principal event of the year has been the pub- lication of three volumes of the Fauna of British hidia, Geylon and Burmah, edited by Mr. W. T. Blanford, of which the commencement was referred to in last year's address. The new volumes are : — The first volume of ' Birds,' by Mr. E. W. Oates, and two volumes completing the "Fishes," by the late Dr. F. Day. The Marine Survey Department, under Comiiaander Carpenter, R. N"., has acain, by the dredging operations carried out on board the " In- vestigator" by Dr. Alcock, added greatly to our knowledge of the Marine fauna of the Indian Seas. Papers on this subject have been contributed by Mr. Alcock to our Journal and others have appeared in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History. An account of the Zoology of the Afghan Delimitation Commission, by Dr. J. E. T. Aitchison, has been published as Part 3, Vol. V, of the Transactions of the Linnean Society (Zoology), and is illustrated with two maps and nine plates. The collections have been worked out by various zoologists, as noted hereafter under the different heads. It is satisfactory to learn that the zoological results of Col. Prje- valsky's travels in Central Asia are being worked out and published. Of the "Mammals," under charge of Dr. Buchner, which forms the first volume, three parts have already been published, and Mr. S. Herzenstein has boo'un the publication of the " Fishes," which will foi*m the second part of the third volume. The " Birds " have been entrusted to Hevr Theodor Pleske. Russian scientific exploring parties have been busily eno-aged in continuing the zoological investigations commenced by Prievalsky in Central Asia and it is to be hoped that some results of their labours will soon be forthcoming. The collections made in Transcaspia by Drs. Walter and Radde are also being woi'ked out and many papers on them have been published. Mammals. — Mr. W. L. Sciater has described in our Journal the head of a stag allied to Cervtis dybowshii, purchased in the Dai*jiling Bazar; and if, as seems probable, it came from Tibet it shows that this animal has a very extensive range from Tibet to Ussuri. He has also contributed a paper to our Proceedings, on a small collec- tion of Mammals from Shahpur, in the Punjab. Several specimens of the somewhat rai'e bat, described by Dobson as ScotojyJiilus jxillidus, were contained in the collection. 1890.] AJJress. 103 In the Journal of the Natural History Society of Bombay, a paper ou Mau-eating Tigers, by Mr. R. Gilbert, and a continuation of Mr. J. H. Steel's papers on the Camel may be noticed. In the Proceedings of tlie Zoological Society of London, Mr. Oldfield Thomas has described anew species of Mantjac (Gervulus feoi), obtained by Mr. Fea, the collector of the Genoa Civic Museum on Mt. Mulait, in Teuasserim. Mr. Thomas has also published some preliminary notes on the characters and synonymy of the different species of otter, a subject which has hitherto been in great confusion. Messrs. Beddard and Treves contribute to the same Journal a valuable illustrated paper on the anatomy of Rhinoceros sumatrensis. In the Annals and Magazine of Natitral History Fr. Sav. Montcelli proposes a modification of the synopsis of the species of the genus Taphozous in accordance with the size of the feet instead of the greater or less development of the radio- metacarpal pouch, as proposed by Dobson. Mr. P. S. Hutchinson has published, in the Zoologist, a paper on the suborbital pits of the Indian Antelope. The Mammals collected by Dr. Aitchison with the Afghan Delimi- tation Commission have been described by Mr. Oldfield Thomas, in the Transactions of the Linnean Society, and comprise 16 species, belong- ing to 13 genera, the most interesting of which is Eilobius fuscicapillus, the original specimens of which were obtained many years ago near Quetta. The geographical range of Felis tigris in Afghanistan is ex- tended, as far east and north as Bala Murghab, and that of the hunting leopard {Felis jubata) to the valley of the Hari Rud, while the Egyptian Fox (Vulpes famelica) was obtained, as far north and east as Kushk-Rud and Kin in the basin of the Harut River. Dr. J. Anderson gives an account in the Journal of the Linnean Society, of the Mammals collected by him in the Mergui Archipelago. Twenty-three species belonging to nineteen genera are enumerated in this paper. With the exception of two bats, Emhallonura semicaudata and Pteropus edulis, which are new to the Malayan Peninsula, and Rhizomys erythrogenys, they are all well-known forms on the neighbouring mainland. Mr. E. Buchner, the Dii'ector of the Zoological Museum at St. Peters- burgh, has begun the publication of the zoological results of the travels of Col. Prjevalsky. The work is admirably illustrated by the muni- ficence of the Grand-Duke Nicolai Alexandrowitz, and will give a complete description of the large collections made in Central Asia. The first part contains descriptions of the Rodents, which all present the pale buff or drab colour of the pelage, common to mammals and birds inhabit- ing sandy deserts. 104 Address. [Feb. In the Zoologische Jahrbilcher, Dr. S. Radde and Dr. A. Walter give an elaborate account of the Mammals of the Transcaspian region. Sixty species, referable to thirty-seven genera, are comprised in the list ; notes are added on the domesticated mammals of the region, and the Mammal fauna of the country is compared with the species of Mammals recorded from Persia, Afghanistan, North-West Kashmir, and Turkestan. Birds. — The publications treating of this popular branch of Zoology which have appeared during the year are more than usually numerous and important. Of general works on Ornithology, the first that claims notice is the first volume (556 pages) of Mr. Eugene W. Oates' " Birds" in the "Fauna of British India," edited by Mr. W. T. Blanford. In this portion of the work a concise description, brief sj'uonymy and notes on habits and distribution of 556 species of birds are given. The classi- fication adopted by Mr. Oates is wholly in accordance with the latest researches on the anatomy of birds, and is a great improvement on the one adopted by Dr. Jerdon in his well-known work. Mi*. Oates begins with the Passeres and gives very useful keys to the families, sub-families, genera, and species treated of; some essential notes on anatomy precede the detailed descriptions, and the work is throughout excellently illus- trated by wood-cuts mainly illustrating the heads of the typical species, but occasionally full-view pictures of species of the principal groups are sriven. The limit to the number and size of the volumes allowed, to Mr. o Oates has obliged him to give only brief notes on the habits and folklore of the diiferent species of Indian birds, but this is decidedly the section in which compression was most allowable. On the whole Mr. Oates must be congratulated on having produced such a satisfactory x-esume of the mass of information accumulated about Indian birds since the pub- lication of Dr. Jerdon's work. Mr. Oates has also published the first volume of a revised edition of Mr. A. 0. Hume's " Nests and Eggs of Indian Birds." This is a volume of 397 pages, illustrated with four excellent portraits of famous Indian ornithologists, namely Mr. A. O. Hume, Dr. Jerdon, Mr. Brian Hodgson, and Col. Tickell. The work is mainly a reprint of the original edition, greatly enriched by many notes on nests and eggs which had become available since the original publication. The classification and numbering of the species is precisely the same as in Mr. Oates' general work noticed above, so that the information here supplied to ornitholo- gists admirably supplements the information given in the " Fauna of India " series. When the three volumes of description and the like number treating of nests and eggs are completed, we shall have in moderate compass a source of information on the birds of the Indian 1890.] ■ .'^/J;v,s^«. 105 Empire probably unrivalled by that in existence for any other portion of the world of similar extent. Mr Hume has published another volume of his " Stray Feathers," containing his long-looked-for accou.nt of the birds of Manipur and Assam : a completion of this important memoir is promised in the last part that will ever appear of " Stray Feathers." Mr. Menzbier has commenced the publication of a woi'k entitled " Ornithologie du Turkestan," which is expected to extend to six quarto volumes illustrated by 90 coloured plates. The notes and descriptions in this work are mainly founded on material accumulated by the late N. A. Severtzoff. Mr. Seehohm has published a handsomely illustrated quarto work on the Family Charadridce, which is characterized by that author's original treatment of his subject, and which necessarily notices many Plovers, Sandpipers and Snipes of interest to Indian Ornithologists. Mr. F. H. Waterhouse has published " a list of the Genei-aof Birds " which cannot fail to be of great assistance to every one w^orking at Or- nithology, and the third part of the second volume of the " Avifauna of India," by Mr. J. A. Murray, has appeared during the course of the year. The Ibis has, as usual, a large number of articles bearing more or less directly upon Asiatic Ornithology. Mr. Dresser gives notes on the birds of the Transcaspian region, collected by Dr. G. Radde, and de- scribes a new Shrike comprised in the collection, under the name of Lanins Raddei. Mr. Ogilvie Grant contributes two papers dealing with revisions of the genera Flatalea, or Spoonbills, and Turnix, or Bustard- quails. Col. Sir 0. St. John publishes a paper on the Birds of Southern Afghanistan and Kelat, in which he enumerates 237 species observed by him in the Afghan Province of Kandahar and the Bi'itish Provinces of Pishin and Thai Chotiali, with Quetta and Kelat proper. In conti- nuation of his notes on the Woodpeckers, Mr. E. Hargitt describes a new species, Ghrysophlegma humii, from Malacca and Salangore. Mr. Gates gives a note on the European Cuckoo and its Indian allies, and points out how they may be most certainly discriminated. Mr. Seebohm continues his important studies on the classification of birds, and deals with the Ardeino-anserine and Pico-passerine groups of birds. He also famishes a list of the birds of the Bonin Islands. Messrs. Sharpe and Whitehead have published five parts of a valuable contribution to the Ornithology of Northern Borneo, with illustrations of new species described by Mr. Sharpe. Mr. Whitehead also gives a paper on the birds of Palawan. In the Tramactions of the Linnean Sociehj, the Birds of the Afghan Boundary Commis.sion are enumerated by Mr. Sharpe. Only three j iK> A duress. [ F B B. species are described as new, and these ai-e figured. They are, a Woodpecker, (Gecinus gforii, Hargitt) ; a Sparrow (Passer yatii, Sharpe) ; and a Pheasant (Phasiaiius principalis, Sc\?iter). 123 species belonging to 82 genera are catalogued, the birds observed being, with few excep- tions, migratory. In the Proceedings of the Zoological Society, Mr. Seebohm com- inunicates a note by Herr Theodor Pleske on examples of Phasianus shawi, collected by Prjevalsky in the valley of the Tarim river, and on an example of a new species of Pheasant from Lob-Nor. In the Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, Lieut. H. E. Barnes publishes four papers on " Nesting in Western India " illustrated •with coloured plates. Mr, Newham furnishes notes on the Birds of Quetta, and Mr. J. 0. Anderson contributes ornithological matter in his *' Sporting rambles about Simla." Mr, H. Nevill gives notes on Scops sunia, Hodgson, and Scops minutus, Legge, in the third volume of the " Taprobanian." Turning now to foreign sources, we have to notice Herr Theodor Pleske's revision of the Avifauna of Turkestan, published in the Memoires de V Academic Imperiale de St. Petersburg. According to this memoir the known species of birds found in Russian Turkestan amounts to 419. The first part of an illustrated quarto work by the same author, entitled " Ornithographica Rossica ", has appeared and it contains plates of three species of birds found in India, In " Ornis " Drs, Radde and Walter publish an important contri- bution to Palaearctic Ornithology entitled " Die Vogels Trans-Caspiens." A few species of birds from Northern India are included in the list of 297 species enumerated, and almost the on\j noxelty is Lanius raddei already alluded to, as having been described by Mr. Dresser in the Phis. Reptiles and Batrachians. — The Taprobanian contains notes by Mr. Haly, of the Colombo Museum, on new Ceylon Snakes, Dendrophis gregorii and Odontomus fergusonii. The Reptiles and Batrachians collected by Dr, Aitchison with the Afghan Delimitation Commission are described, by Mr. G, A, Boulenger, in the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, and comprise 35 species, including a Tortoise, 21 species of Lizards, of which three are new, and 13 species of Ophidians of which one is new. Among the latter there are fine specimens of the little-known Naia oxiana, hereto- fore only recognised from young and undeveloped specimens. Of Batrachia, there are two species — Rana esculenta and Bufo viridis. The Reptiles and Batrachians collected by Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S., in the Mergai Archipelago have been described by him, in the Journal of the Linnean Society, and comprise 53 species of Reptilia and 12 of 1890.] Address. 107 Batrachia. The occurrence of Crocodilus porosns in the neighbourhood of almost all the islands is noted. Of the snakes, Tropidonotiis clirysargus, from Elphinstone Island, and Dipsas carinata, from Sullivan Island, are apparently new to the Tenasserim Province. Twenty specimens of Bana dorice, recently described by Boulenger from North Tenasserim, were found on the Islands, and it is probably widely distributed over the province of Tenasserim. The new edition of Mr. Boulenger's " Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians and Crocodiles in the British Museum (N. H.)" is mainly devoted to the Chelonians and will be of great use to students of existing and fossil forms. Mr. Boulenger has also described, in the An7i. Mns. Civic, di Storia Naturale di Genova, the Beptilia obtained in Burma, north of Tenasserim, by Signer L. Fea, completing the lists of the herpetological collections. The new forms described are Simotes torquatus, from Bhamo ; S. plani- ceps, from Minhla; new genus Gyclophiops. — G. dorice, from the Kakhyen Hills ; Dendrophis subocidaris, from Bhamo ; Pareas andersonii, from Bhamo and the Kakhyien Hills A new genus Azemiops — A. fece, from the Kakhiea Hills, is very interesting, as its nearest ally is Dino- dipsas, a snake described by Peters from I'aerto Cabello, in Venezuela. In the Proceedings of the Zoological Society, the same author has published a paper on the species of Frogs confounded under the name of BhacopJiorits maculatus : he shows that several Ceylonese and Indian species have been included under that name and proposes to distinguish as species the three following forms of which the character, synonomy and distribution are given viz : — (1) Bhacophorus leucomystax, from China, the Himalayas, and Burmese countries ; (2) B. 7naculatus, from India and Ceylon and (.3) B. cruciger, confined to Ceylon. The British Museum Catalogue of Fossil Beptilia and Amphibia, Part II., Ichthyopterygia and Sauropterygia, by our former member Mr. R. Lydekker, contains several Indian and Asiatic forms, and is a valu- able addition to knowledge. Mr. Lydekker's paper in our Journal, on Chaibassia, has already been noticed. A very important and valuable paper is contributed by Surgeon L. H. Waddell, M. B., to the Scientific Memoirs of the Medical Officers of the Army in India, in which he gives the results of some most carefully conducted enquiries into the effect of cobra-poison hypodermically in- jected upon the snakes themselves from -which the poison had been extracted, and also upon other cobras and other kinds of innocent snakes. The experiments demonstrate unequivocally that the cobra is practically, if not wholly, insusceptible to the toxic action of its own venom, whether from the same snake or from another. 108 A^hlrefif;. [Feb. Cobra-poison was injected in the same way into other venomous snakes (three specimens of two species of tree- vipers) with the effect that they all died within an liour ; and in 16 other trials of cobra-poison on innocent snakes and otliei'S on frogs, the result was uniformly fatal. Dr. Waddell also notes the results obtained by previous enquirers ; further discusses the cause of the immunity of snakes from their own poison and pats forwai-d the apparently well-founded hypothesis that it may be attributed to a toleration of the venom, established through frequent imbibition of small quantities of venom in the modi- fied or attenuated forms which it assumes when mixed with salivary and gastric juices and is absorbed thi'ough the alimentary canal. Dr. A. E. Feoktistow contributes to the Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersburg, a preliminary paper on the working of snake-poison on animal life. In the Bijdragen tot de Dierhunde of the Royal Zoological Society, Amsterdam, Dr. J. F. Van Bemmelen has given a full account of the anatomy of the throat-regions of the Saurian reptiles, crocodiles, tortoises and snakes. Fishes. — I have already adverted to the loss which Indian ichthyo- logical science has suffered in the death of our late member Mr. F. Day. Fortunately he had completed the MS. of the work on the Fishes of India, forming part of the series of volumes on the " Fauna of Bxntish India," now being brought out under the editorship of Mr. W. T. Blanford, and it has recently been published in two volumes. It is an abridgment of the author's larger work bearing the same title, with the additions and alterations published in the supplement to the latter and elsewhere, and is well illustrated with photographic reduc- tions from the plates of the larger work. It contains the characters of over 1,400 species of Fishes belonging to the Indian and Oriental region, comprising forms ranging from the Red Sea to the Pacific, be- sides a lai'ge number of Indian Fresh-water Fishes, and on this account, as well as its portable form, will be of great value to the student of Indian Ichthyology. The principal contributions to the knowledge of ladian Fishes during the year, have been from the pen of Mr. Alfred Alcock, the Sur- geon-Naturalist to the Marine Survey, who seems to be making a special study of the subject. He has contributed to our Journal, two papers on Fishes. In the first he gives a list of the shallow-water and deep-sea forms of Pleuronectidm, obtained from the commencement of the survey to date, containing the names of 29 species of which 11 appear to be new, 3 are rare and not previously recorded from Indian watei^s. In the second paper ten species representing 7 different families are described, 1890.] Aildress. • 109 of which seven are new, while the remaining three appear for the first time as Indian Fishes. With one exception they were obtained in depths ranging from 25 to 68 fathoms, generally at the deeper. Mr. Alcock's report on the natural history work of the ' Investiga- tor ' for season 1888-89, already alluded to, contains a list of 95 Fishes found on the Orissa coast, and some interesting information as to the localities in which certain fishes are found. He also gives preliminary notes on the Fishes taken off the Orissa coast which are believed to be new, and on the gestation of some Elasmobranch Fishes (Trygon bleekeri, Carcharias melanopterus, the black-finned shark, and Zygcena blochii, the long hammer-headed shark). He has contributed to our Journal a paper on the same subject, not yet published, containing some interesting and novel observations. In a paper published in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History, " on the Bathybial Fishes of the Bay of Bengal and neighbouring ■waters, obtained during, the seasons 1885 to 1889," Mr. Alcock has given an account of the Hydrography of the Region and a jDreliminary list of all the Deep-sea Fishes that have been obtained to date by the Marine Survey, with descriptions of the new species. The ' Fishes ' of the Afghan Boundary Delimitation Commission, collected by Dr. Aitchison, have been described by Dr. Giinther in the Transactions of the Linnean Society, and comprise only seven species belonging to six genera, three of which prove to be new. The most intei-esting species, owing to its geographical distribution, is Schizo- thorax intermedins, first found by Grifiith in the Cabul River, and ao-ain by the second Yarkand Mission in the great eastern drainage of Eastern Turkestan at Yangi-Hissar. Dr. Aitchison's specimens were found in the tributaries of the Bala-Murghab River, which drain to the north and west towards the Caspian. The new species of this genus describ- ed by Dr. Giinther (8. rauUnsii), was collected in the Hari Rud and its tributaries only. In the Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist. Dr. Giinther has described a new fish of the characteristically Central Asiatic genus Biptychus from the Issik Kul. It was collected by Dr. Lansdell and has been named after him. Vol. Ill, part 2 of the " Scientific Results of Prjevalsky's Travels in Central Asia," containing the first part of the ' Fishes,' by S, Herzen- stein, has been published in Russian and German. It treats of the Gyprinidce, genus Nemachilus, v. Hass, and is illustrated with 8 plates containing well-executed drawings of many of the sjjecies described. The Taprobanian, Vol. Ill, contains a note by Mr. Haly, of the Colombo Museum, on Novacula pavo. A Catalogue of Fossil Fishes in the British Museum, Part I. Elas- mobrancliii, by H. S. Woodward, has appeared during the year. 110 ' Address. [Feb. In the Proceedings of the Zoological Society is an account of some Fishes from Muscat, by Mi*. G. H. Boulenger. Mollusca. — The A7171. and Mag. of Nat. Hist, contains a description of a new genus of mollusca from the Indian ocean, parasitic upon an Echinus; also an account, by Col. H. H. Godwin- Austen, of a sup- posed new Helix from Tenasserim — Helix {^gista) mitanensis. Mr. E. A. Smith contributes some notes on the genus Lobiger, containing a synonymy of all the described species, and notes on the genus Melapitim. In the Proc. Zool. 80c. Lond. IV, 188S, Mr. G. B. Sowerby de- scribes 14 new species of shells, chiefly collected by Dr. Hungerford. Three species of Mitra, of which two (M. exquisita and M, hrionce) are new, were found at Port Blair, in the Andaman Islands. Vol. VIII, No. 13 of Martini and Chemnitz,' Systematisches Conchy- lien Cabinet contains descriptions of Chama fi'om the Red Sea and Indian Ocean. In the Journal of Conchology Mr. J. Cosmo Melvill has described a new shell, Goralliophila andamana, from the Andamans. In SpengeVs Zoologische Jahrbilcher, IV. 5, Dr. 0. Boettger has de- scribed the land and fresh-water shells collected by Drs. Radde and Walter in Russian Trans-Caspia and the neighbourhood of the Persian and Afghan Frontiers. 41 species of snails and 6 of bivalve shell-fish are described, of which 18 land and fresh- water snails were found only in N. Persia and not in Trans-Caspia. Among the remaining Trans- Caspian species only two tropical Asiatic forms were found. The author has carefully tabulated the distribution. Mr. W. Theobald has prepared an " Index of the Genera and Species of Mollusca in the Hand-list of the Indian Museum, Calcutta," which has been printed by the Trustees, and will be of great service to Indian conchologists. Entomology. — As usual, by far tlie greater propoi-tion of the zoolog- cal work of the year has reference to entomology. The work done in connection with the Indian Museum relating to this subject, has already been noticed. Our Journal contains several valuable entomological contributions. Mr. E. T. Atkinson describes a new species and genus of Coccid {Pseudo- pulvinaria sikkimensis) , found at Mungphu on an oak and chestnut trees. He also continues his notes on Indian Rhynchota, Heteroptera, and communicates a note by Mons. Lethierry giving descriptions of three new homopterons of the genus Idiocerus, found on mango-trees in the neighbourhood of Calcutta. His Catalogues of the Oriental Cicin- delidoi and Capsidce, published in the Supplement, already noticed, will be of great value to workers in this section. Mr. W. Doherty's notes on Assam Butterflies contain interesting remarks on seasonal dimor- 1890.] Address. Ill phisra and breedi'ig, with descriptions of several new species, and ia another paper he gives a list of 105 species of Lijcamidce collected in Lower Teuasserim, with remarks on the classificatiou of tlie family. Mr. Wood-Mason's paper on the Ethiopian and Oriental rej^resentatives of the Mantodean sul3-family Vatidoi contains descriptions of some new genera and species from the Indian, Himalo and Malayan sub-regions of the Oriental Region. In the Joiornal of the Boinhay Natural History Society, Mr. L. de Niceville has described some new and little-known Butterflies from the Indian Region, with a revision of the genus Flesioneura of Felder and of authors. The paper is illustrated with two coloured plates. Mr. R. 0, Wroughton gives an interesting paper on Indian Hymenoptera. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London contain a monograph of the genera of Micro-lepidoptera connecting Tincegeria, Wlk. with Eretmocera 7i., by Lord Walsingham. Two new Indian species, Snellenia coccinea, from Sikkim, and S. tarsella, from Darjiling, are described. Also a valuable paper by Mr. G. A. J. Rothney on Indian Ants, recording many new and interesting observations on dif- ferent kinds of ants, most of which are to be found in the neigh- bourhood of Calcutta. Mr. A. G. Butler's synonymic notes on the moths of the earlier genera of Noctuites, has reference to many Indian species. Mr. W. F. Kirby notices a few new Indian species of Scoliidoi in the collections of the British Museum, including Scolia imiviacidata, and S. tyriantJiiiia, from the Andamans ; Elis rudaba, from Chaman ; Campsomeris ceylonica, from Ceylon and Bombay. Mr. H. J. Elwes has a note on an undescrited Ghrysophanus from the Shan States, Upper Burma, which is remarkable on account of the low elevation and latitude at which it was found. Its nearest ally appears to be Polyoviviatus Li, Oberthur, from W. Szechuen, but no species of the genus is known in the Eastern Himalayas or anywhere in the Eastern tropics. Mr. Elwes also has a paper on a revision of the genus Argijnnis. Mr. G. T, Baker discusses the distribution of the Charlonia group of the genus Antho- cliaris, and Mr. L. de Niceville notes on a new genus of Lyccenida;, and on Bellas sanaca, Moore, a Western-Himalayan butterfly. Mr. C. J, Gahan describes some new or little-known species of Glenea, in the col- lections of the British Museum, among them several Indian and Burman species. In a note on Aulacophora and allied genera, Mr. J. S. Baly criticises Mons. Allard's synopsis of the group. In the Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, we find papers by the Rev. H. S. Gorham describing new species and a new Indian genus (Lycocerus) of Coleoptera of the family Telephoridoi from the Indian Museum collections, Tibet and Southern India, and by Mr. 112 Address. [Feb. H. W. Bates on new species of the Coleopteroua family Carahidcc, from Kashmir and Baltistan. The Transactions of the Linnean Society contain descriptions of the Insects collected by Dr. Aitchison with the Afghan Boundary Commission. The Goleoptera are described by Mr. C. O Waterhouse, and comprise 50 species, of which 12 are new. The Diptera, described by the same, include nine species of which four are undetermined. The Hymenoptera and Orthoptera are described by Mr. W. F. Kirby. Most of the former exhibit well marked African affinities, several being apparently identi- cal with Algerian insects ; 15 species are described, of which four are new, viz., Ammophila mandihulata, Stizus terminus, 8. tages and Grocisa hidentata, all from the Hari Riid Valley. The Orthoptera also belong principally to distinctly Mediterranean types and few exhibit affinities with the Indian fauna ; 18 species are described. A gall insect. Pemphigus cocciis, found by Dr. Aitchison on Pistachia vera is described and figured by Mr. G. B. Buckton. In the volume for 1888, Lord Walsingham has described a remark able new Indian Pyralid which he terms Gosnodomtis hochingii. The Journal of the same Society contains papers by Mr. J. S. Baly on new genera and species of Galerucince, also diagnostic notes on some of the older described species of Aulacophora. Most of the species referred to are from the Eastern Archipelago, but some are from India and the Andaman Islands. In the Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Mr. W. L. Distant continues his descriptions of new genera and species of Oriental Cica- didse, including Gceana atkinsoni, Dundubia amicta and D. emantura from Karwar. Mr. Wood-Mason contributes a monograph, illustrated with woodcuts, of Phyllothelys, a curious genus of Mantodea peculiar to the Oriental Region. In the Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, Mr. E. E. Green has described two new species of Lecanium from Ceylon — L. viride, one of the most destructive coffee-pests, and L. mangiferce, which attacks the leaves of the mango tree. Mr. W. L. Distant describes new species of Goreidce, mostly from the collections of the Indian Museum. The Mem. and Proc. Manchester Lit. and Phil. Society contains two papers by Mr. P. Cameron. One entitled " A decade of new Hymenop- tera,'' contains a notice of a new Indian species of Grahronida — Bhopalum Buddha, from Poona ; also a new species of Larrida from Ceylon, Pia- getia fasciatiipennis. The other " Hymenoptera Orientalis, or contribu- tions to the Hymenoptera of the Oriental Zoological Region," notices 29 new species. The Notes from the Leyden Museum contain, as usual, several papei'S 1890.] Address. 113 of intei'est to Indian entomologists, chiefly by Mr. C. Ritsema, among them a description of a new species of the longicorn genus Zonojjteras, Hope, Z. consanguineus, from the Himalaya, resembling Z. Jlavitarsis. Also " On an overlooked East Indian species of the coleopterous genus Chelonarium, Fabr. of the family Byrrhidce.^^ The author shows that G. villosum was described by Macleay in 1825 as occurring in Java, while the genus is supposed to be peculiar to America. Mr. Ritsema also describes a new species of the longicorn genus Pachyteria, Serv., P. vandepolli, from Malacca, and gives preliminary descriptions of new species of the coleopterous genus Helota, Macleay. Four new Indian species are described from Darjiling, and a list is given of the 25 hitherto described species of the genus. Mr. W. L. Distant describes new Malayan Cicadidoi belonging to the Leyden Museum. There are also many notices of new zoological specimens from the Dutch East Indies. In the Tijdschriff voor Entomologie Mr. Ritsema has a paper entitled " Chronologische Naamlijst der beschreven soorten van de Cerambyciden genera Zono]jterus, Hope, Pachyteria, Serv. en Ajihrodisium, Thoms," including many species from India and the Oriental Region. The Bijdrageit. tot de Pierlcunde of the Zoological Society of Amster- dam contains a paper by Dr. J. T. Oudemans on Thysanura and Col- lembola. A paper by Dr. G. Horvath, in TermSsz Filzeteck, is a noteworthy contribution to the knowledge of the little-known Hemipterous fauna of the Himalayas and several new species are described. A very valuable monograph on Bees of the genus Evania, by A. Schletterer, appears in the Annalen des K. K. Naturhistorischeii Hof Museums in Wien, and has references to Indian and Oriental species. In the Verhandlungeyi der K. K. Zoologisch-hotanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, Messrs. Kohl and Handlirsch give descriptions of several genera of Transcaspian Hymenoptera from the neighbourhood of the Murghab, Amu Darya and Askabad. A. Rogenhofer, in a paper on Lepi- doptera from India and Ceylon, describes a sack-bearing caterpillar found in Ceylon, to which he gives the name Fumea ? limulus. The Wiener Entomologische Zeitung contains papers by Dr. G. Hor- vath, on the Hemiptera of Turcomania ; V. von Roder on a new Timia f. (T. pulohra) from Shahrud ; and Jos. Mik, on some Ulidime from the Tekke Turcomania. Dr. C. Fickert's paper, in SpengeVs Zoologische Jahrhiicher, " Ueber die zeichnungsverhaltnisse der Gattung Ornltlioptera " refers to several Indian and Asiatic siiecies. lu the Entomologische Nachrichten Herr Joh. Schmidt has described 114 Address. [Feb. two new species of Hister (H. opticus and H. injirmus) from India or borders. Dr. F. Karscli describes new Aeschnidm of the Indo- Australian region. The De^itschen Entomologischen ZeUschrift contains several papers relating to the entomology of the Oriental region, among which may be cited — a description of a new species of Lucanus (L. gracilis) from Sikkim, and a pa^^er on the Lncanidce of Sumatra, by G. Albers. Central Asian entomology has been treated on in several papers in the Horce. Societatis Entomologiccs Hossicce. Among them, — A. Semenow's diagnoses of new (Joleoptera from Centi^al and Eastern Asia ; E. Konig's descriptions of the Elateridce collected by Prjevalsky in Central Asia ; descriptions of the Insects collected by Potanin in China and Mongolia by various authors ; also papers by B. E. Jokowleff on the Hemiptera, Heteroptera and by G. Mayr on the Forrnicidce from Tibet, collected by Prjevalsky. Mr, A. Wilkins proposes a method of preserving insect cases from the ravages of insects by stretching slips of India-rubber round the line of separation of the box and lid, so as to close it herme- tically. Mons. Ch. Kerreman's monographic essay on the genus Sternocera : Eschscholtz, presented to the Entomological Society of Brussels, contains descriptions of several Indian varieties, the Asiatic species being practi- cally confined to India. Several of the species described are from the Indian Museum, Calcutta. The Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova contains descriptions by various authors of the entomological collections made in Tenasserim and Burma by Signer L. Fea. Mr. J. S. Baly describes the Btspute, of which three-fourths prove to be new; Sig. K. Gestro, the Coleoptera, and he also gives an itinerary ; Mons. E. Ollivier, the Lam- pyridce, or glowworms, including a new species (Luciola hirticeps) ; Mons. A. do Bormans, the JDermaptera ; Mr. W. L. Distant, the Cicadidoe ; Mons. A. Leveille, the Trogositidce ; Mons. Regimbart, Dytiscidce and Oi/rinidce ; Mons. A. Grouvelle, the Cucujidce ; Mr. G. Lewis the His- teridce, among which a fine Flatijsoma (P. maculatum) is remarkable as the first maculate species of the genus discovered; Mons. E. Candeze describes the Elateridce. A very large proportion of all these insects are new to science, and the Genoa Museum is entitled to high credit for the enterprise and completeness with which this new field has been worked. In the Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Messrs. L. de Joannis and E. L. Ragonnot give descriptions of several new Indian and Oriental species and genera of Lepidoptcra. Professor G. Macloskie has given an account of the poison-apparatus of the Mosquito in the American Naturalist. 1890.] Address. 115 Mons. J. B. Gehin's '' Catalogue synonomique et systematique des Coleopteres de la tribu des Carahides," with plates by Ch. Haury, may be noticed, but it contains few Oriental species. As already noticed, the third volume of de Niceville's " Butterflies of India, Burma and Ceylon " has been published. It deals with the LyccenidoB and appears to be almost entirely the work of Mr. de Nice- ville himself. It consists of over 500 pages of closely printed matter in small type, and is illustrated by six plates, of which two are coloured. The work represents an immense amount of painstaking labour and will be a welcome aid to Indian entomologists. A fourth volume, dealing with the Papilionidce, is under preparation. Part VII of " Illustrations of Typical specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the British Museum," by Mr. A. G. Butler, contains an account of a collection of Macro -LejDidoptera Hetei-o- cera made in the district of Kangra by the Rev. J. H. Hocking. The number of species amounts to upwards of 780, and a nominal list is given of them, as well as descriptions of new species. The work is illustrated with 18 coloured plates. The fifth volume of " Memoires sur les Lepidopteres," edited by N". M. RomanofE, has been published and contains a complete enumera- tion and descriptions, by S. Alpheraky, of the 27 species of Lepidoptera found in Tibet by Prjevalsky, in 1884-85, and of the Noctuelites of the Pamir, of which 150 are enumerated. Economic Entomology. — The good progress of the systematic inves- tigation of Indian insect-pests by Mr. E. C. Cotes, under the direction of the Trustees of the Indian Museum, and the esiablishment of the new *^ Indian Museum Notes, '^ have sdresidy been noticed. Two numbers of the Notes have been published. No. 1, " Notes on Indian Insect Pests " contains papers by Mr. E. T. Atkinson, on Bhyncliota, including the Rice- sapper; " chora poka," the larvae of insects inieshing 8esa7num, irom Balasore ; Greenbug ; Gapsidoe ; Jassidm ; Aphidae and Goccidce. Mr. De Niceville contributes papers on a butterfly injurious to rice and on a Ceylon Cardamom-pest. Mr. Cotes gives notes on a variety of pests borers and moths, and on insecticides. No. 2, contains a previously un- published paper, by the late Dr, E. Becher, on Trycolyga bombycis and Chalcis criculce, also several notes by Mr. Cotes on the Bengal silk-worm fly, Sal girder beetle, opium cut worm, coffee- scale and other pests. Mr. E. T. Atkinson contributes further notes on Ehynchota. The Keiv Bulletin, for 1889, contains a note on Beetles destructive to rice-crops in Burma. The Indian Forester contains an accoixnt of the experiments in Silk- rearing conducted at Berhampur under Mr. Nitya Gopal Mukharii 116 Address. [Feb. M. A., and the author deals with the whole question of the different kinds of worms and their diseases. The Report of the Committee which was formed, in 1888, to inves- tigate the mango-weevil, has been published in the Journal of the Agri- Horticultural Sociehj of India. The Committee found no less than four insects, all belonging to widely different orders, which pass their larval existence, or part of it, in the mango. In the Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, Dr. R. Blanchard discusses the cause and frequency of double cocoons in different races of the Bomhijx mori. Myriopoda. — The Myriopoda of the Mergui Archipelago, collected by Dr. J. Anderson for the Trustees of the Indian Museum, have been reported on by Mr. R. I. Pocock, in the Journal of the Linnean Society. The Chilopoda comprise one new specimen. The Biplopoda are of greater interest and all are figured : one new species of Glomeris ; two of Panidesmiis ; two of Spirostreptus, and one of Spiroholus are noted. Mr. Pocock has also described the Chilopoda of the Afghan Delimita- tion Commission, including two species, of which one — Scolopendra truncaticeps, is new. Araclmida. — Mr. E. W. Gates has conti'ibuted to our Journal a valuable paper on the species of Thelyphonus, or whip-scorpions, inhabit- ino- Continental India, Burma, and the Malay Peninsula ; and Mons. E. Simon the first part of a study of the Himalayan Arachnida, collected by Messrs. Oldham and Wood-Mason, in the collections of the Indian Museum. The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society contains a paper, by Mr. E. W. Gates, on the Indian and Burmese Scorpions of the genus Isometrus, with descriptions of three new species — I. slwplandi, found only at Palone in Burma; I. pMpsoni, from Tenasserim, and I. assamensis, from Dhubri. The Arachnida of the Afghan Delimitation Commission have been reported on by Mr. R. I. Pocock, who finds that they are more nearly I'elated to Mediterranean forms than to the fauna of any other area. Six spiders are described, of which three, viz., Tarantula medica, found between Tirphul and Meshed ; Nemesia tubifex, from Gulran ; and Bhax aurea, found between Hari Riid and Meshed, are new. The scorpions include Buthus parthorum, sp. n., found between Hari Rud Valley and Meshed, which appears to be allied to Tunisian forms ; Buthus afghanus, sp. n., from the same neighbourhood, which is closely allied to B. europoeus, the well-kaown S. European and N. African form ; and Orthodactylus schneideri (L. Koch), which also has allies in the Mediterranean area. 1890,] Adlress. 117 Mr. Pocock has also described, in the Ann. awl Mag. Nat. Hist., a new species of BJiax, found by Lieut. Graeme Batten at Kohat. His notes on scorpions of the genus Duthus has also an interest to Indian students of this archaic group of animals. Mons. E. Simon has described the Arachnida found by Drs. Radde and Walter and A. Conchin, during the years 1886-87, in Central Asia and Turkestan, in the Verhandl. d. K. K. Zool. Bot. Gesellsch. in Wien ; and, in Spengel s Zoologische Jahrbiicher, Dr. A. "Walter has described the species of Galeodes found in the same expedition, compris- ing seven species of three genera — Galeodes, Rhax, and a new genus, Karschia. In the Proceedings of the Zoological Society, the Rev. 0. P. Cambridge describes some new Araneidce, among them Idiops colletti, from Meik- tila in Burma, collected by General Collett, C. B., whose interesting account of the nests of these spiders is given in the paper. The planting, as it were, of the lids of these nests with lichen and pieces of grass resembling those growing round the nests, is specially noticeable. Griostacea. — The Crustacea of the Afghan Delimitabion Commission have been described by Mr. Pocock. They comprise only two forms, Hemilepistus klugii and Gammarus pulex, which appear to have been also found by Dr. Walter among the Trans- Caspian land and fresh- water Crustacea he has described in SpengeVs Zool. Jahrhilch. He remarks that of Isopods his collection contains only land forms, of which six species are mentioned, and notes that the otherwise so widely distributed fresh-water genus Asellus is not found east of the Caspian — also that Telphiisa finds its extreme northern limit in Turcomania. Dr. J. G. de Man describes a number of new or rare species of Brachyura from all parts of the Indo-Pacific ocean region, but not many are from Indian Seas. Chmtopoda. — Dr. A. G. Bourne has described in our Journal some Earthworms from Dehraand Mussooree, including a new species, Typhceus masoni. In the Annals of the Genoa Museum, Dr. D. Rosa describes certain Indian Perichcetidce found by Sig. L. Fea in Burma ; including two new species, P. fece, from Tenasserim, and P. birmanica, from the Irrawaddy. Botifera. — In a paper in our Journal, communicated by the Micros- copic Society, Mr. H. H. Anderson has given some intei'esting notes on some of the Rotifers inhabiting tanks about Calcutta, includino- several new species, the most remarkable of which is B. mento, which lives in a tube, whether its own or of some other ci-eature the author was unable to discover. Trematoda and Nematodea. — SpengeVs Zool. Jahrhilcli, contains a 118 AddvPfis. [Feb. description, by Dr. Kai-l Fiedler, of Heterotrema sarasinorum, a new sj-nascidian genus of the family Disfomidce, found among the sponges obtained by Drs. P. and F. Sarasin at Trincomali, Ceylon, and in' the Annals of the Genoa Museum, Dr. L. Camerano has described a new species of Gordius found at Bhamo, on the upper Irrawaddy, by Sig. Fea. Echinodermata. — In the P. Z. S., Profe.ssor JeSvej Bell notes the names of some species of Echinoderms not yet known from the Bay of Bengal, collected by Mr. Thurston, and in a collection by Mr. E. W". Gates from the Gulf of Martaban. Herr. J. Brock's collections of Ophiurids from the Indian Archi- pelago have been described by Prof. H. Ludvvig, in the Zeitschrift fur Wissenscliaftliclie Zoologie, and an account is given of a very remarkable new, probably natatory, form of ophiurid, or brittle-star, found near Amboyna. The most striking peculiarity of it is that each joint of the arm bears a pair of large fins, which can hardly have any other purpose than to confer upon the animal the power of swimming, a mode of locomotion hitherto unknown in the class or even in the phylum to which the animal belongs. In allusion to its probable mode of locomotion it has been appropriately named Ophioptero7i elegans. In the Zoologisclie Jahrhilcher, Dr. Ludwig also reports on 41 species of Holothurians from the same collection, of which 5 are new. Dr. L. Doderlein gives an account of the Asteroidea, Ojpliiuroidea, and Echinoidea collected in Ceylon by Drs. P. and F. Sarasin. The report on the Echinoidea collected by Dr. J. Anderson in the Mergui Archipelago, already referred to, contains an account of six species whose association in such a limited area is remarkable ; and the fact tliat the regular echinids all belong to the family Temnopleuridce is especially striking and noteworthy, because in a collection from the Andaman Islands, described by Prof. J. Bell, this family is quite unre- presented. The collection presents other intei'esting peculiarities and the occurrence in the Indian Ocean proper of the Australian form Arachnoides placenta has only once before been recorded. The Asteroidea of the same collection have been described by Mr. W. P. Sladen, who finds that they also are particularly interesting — not only from containing new and rare forms, but because some of the specimens show characteristic variations which indicate the action of special local conditions, which with more plastic types might probably result in new morphological developments. Mr. Sladen also notes the rarity of Andamanese forms in the collection. Dr. P. H. Carpenter's report on the Mergui Comatulo} (Feather Stars) contains an account of five species of Antedon, one of which is new, and of a new and remarkable type of Actinometra, which was found 1890.] Address. 110 to be the Lost of a 23a,rasitic Myzostoma, wliicli also infested some of the Antedon. Cit'leiitera. — Prof. A. M. Marshall and Mr. G. H. Fowler report that the Mergui collection of Pennatulida is also an interesting one, con- taining representatives of five genera and ten species, of which two are new and five others very rare. In SpengeVs Zoologische Jahrhiicher, Dr. O. Ortmann remarks on some Rock-Corals from the south coast of Ceylon, chiefly from the collection of Prof. Haeckel. In the Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., Mr. Arthur Dendy reports on a second collection of sponges made by Mr. Thurston of the Madras Museum, in the neighbourhood of the Tuticorin pearl-banks and the Gulf of Manaar. It contains 14 new species and two new varieties, among them a new species of Aidetta, a genns which has hitherto only been found in the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. The author remarks on the value of the colours of living sponges as a means of distinguishing' species. In SpengeVs Zool. Jahrbuch. there is a vahiable paper, by R. von Lendenfeld, on the Horny Sponges. Protozoa. — Bamulina parasitica, a new species of fossil Foraminifera infesting OrhitoUtes ManteUi, from strata on the west bank of the Irra- waddy, just below Thayet Myo, is described by the veteran Indian geologist and zoologist, Mr. H. J. Carter, in the Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist., with compai'ative observations on the process of reproduction in the Mijcetozoa, freshwater Uhizopoda and Foraminifera. The same writer's further observations on Orbigny's genus Orhitoides, have also an interest for the Indian zoologist. The same journal contains Mr. H. B. Brady's paper on the Reticularian new genus Masonella, with descriptions of two species, from the " Investigator " dredgings in the Bay of Bengal. I must not omit to mention Prof. Haeckel's grand monograph of the Badiolaria, of which Part IV has lately been presented to the Society by the author. Botany. Our Journal contains several valuable botanical papers. Mr. H. F. Blanford's List of the Ferns of Simla, referred to in last year's address, has been published, with 6 plates, and should prove a useful guide to the Himalayan fern-collector. The list includes 101 species and varieties. Dr. Barclay continues his descriptive list of the Uredinece occurring in the neighbourhood of Simla, and has described sixteen species of Pvxcinia occurring on hosts other than grasses and sedges, 120 Address. [Feb. among wliicli three are new, and nine species occurring on grasses and sedges. Dr Prain has contributed the first instalment of a series of papers entitled Novicice Indicce, containing diagnoses of some additional species of Pedicularis new to India. Dr. G. King's paper on " Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula " is the first part of a systematic account of the Malayan plants indigenous to British India, including Burma, the Malay Peninsula, the Straits Settlements and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and includes the Bammculacece, MagnoUacece, Menispermacece, NympJiceacece, Gapparideoe and Violacem. Of the new " Annals of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta " brouo-ht out by Dr. King, the two volumes mentioned last year as under preparation have been completed and published. One is an Appendix to Vol. I, dealing with new species of Ficus from New Guinea and containing an account of the phenomena of fertilisation in Ficus Roxhiirgliii, by Dr. D. D. Cunningham. The volume is illustrated with lithographed plates and a heliogravure plate of Ficus Roxhurghii, from Dr. Cunningham's photograph. The other. Vol. II, contains descriptions of the species of Artocarpus, or Bread-Fruits and Jacks, indigenous to British India, within the geographical limits noted above, and of the Indo-Malayan species of Quercus and Gastanopsis, Oaks and Chestnuts, and is also largely illustrated with lithographed plates. The principal botanical papers in last year's volume of the Scientific Memoirs by Medical Officers of the Army of India, were noticed in my last address. The foi'thcoming number, now almost ready for issue, will contain papers by Dr. D. Prain on the Laccadive plants collected by Mr. Alcock in the "Investigator," in 1888-89, and by Mr. A. 0. Hume, in 1875 ; by Dr. A. Barclay on the life-history of a Himalayan Qi/vinosporangium, (G. Gunningliamianum, n. sp.), on Pyrus PasJiia and Cupressus torulosa ; also on a Ghrysomyxa on Rhododendron arboreum, (C. Mmalense, n. sp.) ; and on the life-history of a Uredine on Rtibia cordifolia (Puccinia Gollettiana, n. sp.) ; also a valuable and important paper, by Dr. D. D. Cunningham, on Milk as a medium for Choleraic Comma-bacilli, in which he shows that milk as ordinarily supplied for consumption in this country, from the high degree to which it is nor- mally contaminated by schizomycetes whose gi'owth is associated with processes of acid fei'mentation, is not a favourable medium for the development or continued existence of the Comma-bacilli or other schizomycete organisms which require an alkaline or neutral envi- ronment. A curious and striking fact brought out in the course of these observations was the difference in the phenomena presented by portions of milk from one and the same sample according to the level in the fluid from which they were taken — and it is shown that specimens 1890.] Aihlress. 121 derived from the nppei' strata have a much greater tendency to undergo acid fermentation and coagulation than those derived from the lower strata. The Journal of the Nat. Hist. Soc, Bomhay, contains some interest- ing notes, by Mrs. J. 0. Lisboa, on the odoriferous grasses (Andropo' gons) of India and Ceylon, with a description of a supposed new species (A. odorafns), from Lanowli, of which a plate is given. Mr. G. Car- stensen contributes a paper on facilitating the study of Botany and proposes the use of a simple English terminology. Mrs. W. B. Hart communicates some notes on Branching Palms, illustrated with two plates. The Supplement to the late Edmund Boissier's Flora Orientalis, published at the end of 1888, contains Dr. Aitchison's additions to the Afghan flora, except the most recent, and a valuable index to all the collector's numbers cited throughout the work. In the Journal of the Linnean Society, Mr. C B. Clarke has a valuable paper on the Plants of Kohima and Mauipur, with descriptions of several new species, illustrated with 44 plates and containing notices of 1,050 species of flowering plants or ferns, or probably less than one-fifth of the flora of the district, traversed from Gola Ghat via Kohima and Manipur to Cachar. The Journal of Botany contains a systematic and structural account of the genus Avrainvillea, Deene, by G. Murray and L. A. Boodle ; also a note, by Col. R. H. Beddome, on two new ferns, from the N. W. Himalaya. — Asplenium (Athyrium) Duthei, from Kumaon, 12 — 1.3,000 feet ; and A. (A) MacdonelU, from Chumba valley, 5,000 feet. Dr. Trimen contributes additions to the Flora of Ceylon, 1885 to 1888. In the Acta-Horti-PetropoUtani, are several important papers ou Central-Asian botany, among which may be noted, a continuation of C. Winkler's Lists of new Gompositoi of Turkistan ; descriptions, by E. A. Wainio, P. A. Karsten and V. F. Brotherus, of the Turanian plants collected by Dr. Walter and Radde F. v. Herder gives an account of the geographical distribution of the apetalous plants collected by Dr. Radde, many of which are Indian. Mr. C. J. Maximovicz contributes a memoir of Prjevalsky, with a portrait ; and in the Bulletin de I ' Aca- demie Imperials des Sciences de St. Petersburg he has continued his Diagnoses of new Asiatic plants. In the Bihang till Kongl. Svensha Vetensk-Akad. Handlingar, is a paper by G. Lagerheim on Desmidiacea from Bengal, with remarks on the geographical distribution of the order in Asia. Economic Botany. Under the direction of Sir E. Buck, in the Revenue and Agricultural Department of the Government of India, a 122 Address. [FeH. new series of papers relating to Indian Products lias been instituted. It is edited by Dr. G. Watt, and Vol. I contains notes on Manilla Hemp ; Adhatoda vasica ; Coix grain or Job's tears ; Fodder Grasses, and on several descriptions of Indian Fibres. In No. 2 of Vol. II, an account is given of JPodophyllum emodi, or the Himalayan Podophyllum, which Dr, Watt found growing in Kulu. Analyses by Drs. Dymoclc and Hooper have shown that it is capable of yielding 12 per cent, of resin, or podophyllin, whereas the North American plant P. peltatum, from which this drug is usually obtained, only yields 4 per cent. The indi- genous drug has been fou.ud to possess all the medicinal properties of the exotic one and it seems likely therefore that a profitable trade might be carried on in this product if it is obtainable in sufficiently lai'ge quantities. Volumes I and II of the long-expected " Dictionary of the Eco- nomic Products of India," prepared by Dr. G. Watt in the Revenue and Agricultural Department of the Government of India, have been completed during the year. The arrangement of the Dictionary is alphabetical and based upon the scientific names of the various pro- ducts, and in the margin a number for each product or object has been given. The object of these numbers, which commence afresh with each letter of the alphabet, is to serve for reference to type collections in various "Museums and also as a convenient clue for correspondence. The Index will contain the European, vernacular and scientific names with references to the type niimbers. The work when completed will contain a vast amount of valuable information, brought together in a convenient form, regarding Indian vegetable and other products and cannot fail to be of very great use to commercial and scientific enquirers. The Kew Bulletin, as usual, contains papers relating to vegetable products, either indigenous to this country or suitable for cultivation here ; among them — notes on Coca ; a memorandum by Mr. Cameron on the fruits of Mysore; on the Persian dye plant Zalil (Delpliinmm zalil), collected by Dr. Aitchison in Afghanistan ; a reprint of an article on Patchouli by Mr. L. Wray, of the Government Museum, Pei-ak, which was published in the Journal of the Agri-Horticultural Society in Cal- cutta ; on Flowers of GalUgonum as an article of food in N.-W. India ; Ramie or Rhea ; Food-grains of India {Deiidrocalaimis strictus). In the Report of the Government Botanical Gardens at Saharanpur and Mussoorie, Mr. GoUan, the Superintendent, has given some inter- esting information regarding the successful acclimatisation of several exotic food and fodder plants — among them, the American " Dew- berry ;" Persian Date-palms ; Malacca apple, {Eugenia 'malaccensis) ; Otaheite apple {Spondias dulcis) and Vines, of which the Black Hamburgh 1890.] Address. 123 appears to bo the most suitable foi' general cultivation in India. Some interesting experiments are being made in the gardens with foreign varieties of sugarcane and wheat, and with huskless barley, for malting' purposes. The paper-mulberry continues to be found useful for plant- ing on usar and reh-covered tracts. The cultivation of the Mesquit bean {Prosopis juliflora) has also been a success, but the Carob bean has not done so well. An improved method of cultivating the Jalap plant has been tried and pi'omises well. The results of the working of the G-oveimment Cinchona planta- tions in Sikkim have already been noticed. The red-bark trees are being replaced by yellow bark ones, which yield only quinine, and thus the alkaloidal value of the plantations has been very much increased. The Indian Forester contains a number of notes and papers which are of interest in connection with economic botany. From a note by Mr, Gamble it appears that Prof. Beccari of Florence, to whom Sir J. Hooker had entrusted the descriptions of the Indian Palms, has given a list of 6 species of Phcenix indigenous to India, while a seventh P. Sylvestris, is only admitted as an introduction. Mr. W. Coldstream's " Grasses of the Southern Punjab " and Dr, Bonavia's " Cultivated Oranges and Lemons of India and Ceylon " ai'e both valuable contributions to Indian Economic Botany. There are other subjects with which I should have liked to have dealt, as last year, but, owing to the vast extent of the field over which I have had to take you and my desire to show you something more than mere indications of the work done, I have already far more than exceeded the limits I had proposed to set myself, and must perforce bring this review to a close. All imperfect as it necessarily must be, it will serve to show that the workers in the field, both in this country and out of it, have not been inactive, and that considerable and valuable additions have been made to our knowledge of things Indian and Asiatic during the year.* The time has also come when I must vacate this chair in favour of our friend Mr. Beveridge. He is well-known to you as taking a lively interest in our meetings, and with his extensive literary and historical acquirements I feel sure that the well-being of the Society will be safe in his hands, and that he will do much to further it. * I have again to record my acknowledgments for the assistance kindly given me by friends and others in preparing this review and passing it through the press — among them : — Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle, Pandit Hari Prasad Sastri, Messrs. E. T. Atkinson, Wood-Mason, Sclater, Cotes, Haly and Thnrston, Drs. Hendley and Fiihrer, Colonel Thuillier, R. E., Mr. T. A. Pope, Dr. W. King, Messrs. Eliot and Pedler, Drs. G. King, Scully, Cunningham and Barclay and Mr. H. M. Phipson, 12t Election of Ojfh'e-Bearer.s and Menthers of Council [Feb. The President announced that the Scrutineers reported the result of the election of Office-Bearers and Members of Council to be as fol- lows : — President. H. Beveridge, Esq., C. S. Vice-Presidents. Col. J. Waterhouse, B. S. C. Raja Rc4jendralala Mitra, C. I. E., LL. D, J. Wood-Mason, Esq. Secretaries and Treasurer. Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle. C. Little; Esq., B. A. W. King, Esq., B. A , D. Sc. Other Memhei's of Council. Dr. J. Scully. Pandit Haraprasad Shastri, M. A. Dr. D. D. Cunningham. Hon. Sir A. W. Croft, K. C. I. E., M. A. Pi'ince Jahan Qadr Muhammad Wahid All, Bahadur. Babu Gaurdas Bysack. Dr. A. Crorabie. E."T. Atkinson, Esq., C. I. E., B. A., C. S. Babu Pratapachandra Ghosha, B. A. Capt J. H. Sadler, S. C. C. H. Tawney, Esq., M. A. L de Niceville, Esq , F. E. S. W. L Sclater, Esq. The meeting was then resolved into the Ordinary Monthly General Meeting. H. Beveridge, Esq., C. S., President, in the chair. The Minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. Twenty-eight presentations were announced, details of which are given in the Library List appended. The following gentlemen, duly proposed and seconded at the last meeting of the Society were balloted for and elected Ordinary Members : A. Venis, Esq., M. A. A. Goodeve Chuckerbutty, Esq., B. C S. 1890.] Monthly Meeting. 125 The following gentlemen are candidates for election at the next meeting : — Brigade Surgeon J. G. Pilcher, px'oposed by L. de Niceville, Esq., seconded by J. Wood-Mason, Esq. Maharaja Girijanath Roy, Dinajpur, proposed by Babii Gaurdas Bysack, seconded by Colonel J. Waterhouse. The Secretart reported the death of the following member : Kumar Isvariprasad Garga. Babu Saratchandra Das exhibited a Tibetan drawing of the golden Chaitya of Lhasa. The following papers were read : — 1. A descriptive list of the Uredinece occurring in the neighbourhood of Simla {Western Himalayas), Part III. — By A. Barclay, M. B., Bengal Medical Service. 2. Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula, Part II. — By GeorCxE King, C. I. E., M. B., LL. D., F. R. S., F. L. S., Superintendent of the Boyal Botanic Garden, Calcutta. 3. Description of a new Genus of Bamboos. — By J. S. Gamble, Esq., M. a. These papers will be published in the Journal, Part II. 4. The account of a Bengali Brdhmana who obtained a high position in the Singhalese Buddhist Hierarchy in the 11th Century, A. D. — By Pandit Harapeasad S'astri, M. A. A short treatise entitled Bhalcti Shataha was published in 1885, in Ceylon, by F. CJooray. It was sent to me by a friend, Mohattibatte Guminanda, the high priest of the Dipadattama Vihare in Colombo. The work is a short one of 107 verses. But it is an exceedingly interest- ing work for a variety of reasons : (1) It is a Sanskrit work though published in the Singhalese char- acter. (2) It is a Buddhist work. (3) It is written in standard Sanskint and not in that verbose difficult, obscuie and ungrammatical idiom which goes by the name of Buddhist Sanskrit. (4) It was written by a Brahmaua who became a Buddhist from conviction. (5) It was written by a Bengali in the eleventh century. (6) It evidently shows that the Brahmana was persecuted, and ex- commuuicated for his faith, and that he became a voluntary exile in 1'2G H. P. Shastri — A Bengali Bnihinana ivho obtained a high position [Feb. Ceylon where a reforming Baddhist king appreciated him, raised him to a high place in the Buddhist hierarchy and conferred on him the title of Bauddhagama Chakravartti. I purpose in this paper to give some account of the author. In the 107th verse he says that he is a good Buddhist, and his title is Kavihlidrati, that he is a Kshitisura or Brahmana, and that his name is Ramachandra. In the colophon, which generally has some authority, he is described as a devoted woi-shipper of S'akya Muni the Lord, a Bauddhagama Chakravartti, i. e., master of the whole range of Buddhist scriptures, si.bhiisiira, i. e., a brahmana, an achdryya, a teacher, and a great pandit, and as a native of Gaur. Sumangala, the disciple of Rahula, who explains this work by means of a x'unning commentary in the Singhalese Sadhubhasha, com- menting upon the word Gauradesiya, says that Gaur is a place of great learning where Kavya, Vyakarana, Tarka and other branches of know- ledge are extensively cultivated. There is a Rarha mandala in Gaur and in that mandala there is a Janapada, or locality, named Varendra where the author was born. From this one may be led to conclude that Rama- chandra was a Varendra Brahmana. But no. The Rarhi and Varendra Brahmanas have only five gotras, viz., Sandilya, Bharadvaja, Kasyapa, Vatsya and Savarna, while Ramachandra is said to be a Brahmana of the Katyayana gotra. Where can we get a Br.ihmana of that gotra in Bengal ? This is a question not to be answered easily. The Rarhiya and Varendia Brabmans are certainly the most influential in Bengal. But there are two other classes of Brabmans here, viz., the Paschatyas and the Dakshinatyas. The Chief Justice of Lakshana Sena in his well known work the Brahmana Sarvasva recognizes these two classes also, but names them Paschatya and Utkala. And so these classes are as an- cient as the Sena Rajas of Bengal. I will not speak of the Utkalas because they have no Katyayana gotra among them. The Paschatyas are settlers from the west either before or after the settlement of the five brah- mans whose descendants the Rarhiyas and Varendras claim to be. The Paschatyas are not a homogenous community like the Rarhiyas, having settled at and from different parts of the country at different times and from a variety of motives. They do not intci'marry with each other, and there are brahmans of almost all the gotras among them. I have asked many Pcischatyas whether they have the Katyayana gotra among them. In this part of the country they have not. Some informed me that brahmans of this gotra will be found in North Bengal, {. e., Varendra Janapada. This appeal's to be very probable, because the Maithils have this gotra among them. Many Maithils have become incorporated with the Paschatyas. Riimachandra may have been one of these Maithil 1890.] in the Singhalese Buddhist Hierarehi/ in the llth Gcnturij, A. D. 127 Paschatyas who owing to the proximity of Mithila to Varendra might have settled there from a very ancient time, and owing to Bengal being then a country full of Buddhists, may have conceived a liking for that religion. The commentator further says in a Sanskrit verse that the Brah- mana Ramachandra Kavibharati was made Bauddliagatna Chakravartti by Raja Parakram Bahu of Ceylon. The author also says that he wrote the work during the reign of that monarch. This settles the question of the age of Ramachandra because Para- kram Bahu reigned about the middle of the eleventh century and his was a long reign. His contemporary in Bengal was Ballal Sena the father of Laksh- mana Sena whose era was discovered some years ago to be still in use in Mithila. Ballal is said to be the organizer of the present Bengal Hindu society. He established Kulinism among the Rarhiya and Varendra ' Brahmans, he raised the dignity of some of the non- Aryan and semi- Aryan tribes by giving them brahmans to officiate in their ceremonies. He degraded the wealthy Sonar Benias and the influential Jogis, and made them something like outcasts. He was the king of a country where Buddhist kings had long held their sway, and where Buddhism, was the prevailing religion, and it may be supposed that he did not look upon Buddhism with favour. It appears to be certain, however, that Ramachandra was excom- municated and persecuted. For why should he otherwise say from Ceylon : — " Let kings punish, let leai'ned men deride, and let relations for- sake me, yet 0 father Jina, I cannot live a moment without thee ? " Why otherwise should he say, " Whether I live in heaven or in hell, whether among birds or among the Asuras, whether in the city of ghosts or of men, let my mind I'emain fixed in thee, for there is no other happiness for me ? '' '" You are my father, mother, brother, sister, you are my fast friend in danger, 0 dear one, you are my lord, my pi'eceptor who imparts to me knowledge as sweet as nectar. You are my wealth, my enjoyment, my pleasui'e, my affluence, my greatness, my reputation, my knowledge and nay life. You are my all, O all-knowing Buddha." The whole tenor of the verses from 24 to 30 shows that the author was oppressed with a strong feeling of personal injury but that he had resigned himself to his fate, and had determined to suffer oven the worst for his faith. 128 Lihrary. [Feb. Library. The following additions have been made to the Library since the Meeting held in January last. Transactions, Proceedings and Journals, presented hy the respective Societies and Editors. Amsterdam. Der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, — Jaar- boek, 1888. _ — . . Verslagen en Mededeelingen, Afdeeling Let- terkunde, 3de Reeks, Deel 5. — . . . Afdeeling Natuurknnde, 3de Reeks, Deel 5. Birmingham. Birmingham Philosophical Society,' — Proceedings, Vol. VI, Part II, Session 1888-89. Bombay. Anthropological Society of Bombay, — Journal, Vol. I, Xo. 8. . The Indian Antiquary,— Vol. XVIII, Parts 224—226, August — October, 1889. Brisbane. Royal Geographical Society of Australasia, Queensland Branch, — Proceedings and Transactions, 5th Session, 1889-90, Vol. 5, Part 1. Budapest. La Societe Hongroise de Geographie, — Tome XVII, Fasci- culi 9—10. Calcutta. Geological Survey of India, — Memoirs, (Palaeontologia Indica), Ser. XIII, Vol. IV, Part 1. .. — , Indian Engineering, — Vol. VII, Nos. I — 5. . — . Photographic Society of India, — Journal, Vol. Ill, Nos. 1 — 2, January-February, 1890. Christiania. Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiania, — Forhandlinger. Nos. 1—13, Aar, 1888. .-, . Oversigt i 1888. Edinburgh. Royal Physical Society, — Proceedings, Session 1888-89. __.. .. The Scottish Geographical Society, — Magazine, Vol. V, Nos. 11 — 12, November- December, 1889, and Index to Vol. V. Florence. La Societa Africana d' Italia.^ — Bullettino, Tome V, Fasci- colo 7°. Frankfurt, a. M. Der Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft, — Bericht, 1889. Hamburg. Naturhistorisches Museum zu Hamburg, — Mitteilungen, Jahrgang, 1888. 1890.] Library. 129 Helsingfors. Societas pro Fauna et Flora Feunica, — Meddelanden, Haftet 15, 1889. , . _. . Acta,— Vol. V, Pars. 1. London. Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, — Journal, Vol. XIX, No. 2, November, 1889. ■ Geological Society, — Quarterly Journal, Vol. XLV, Part 4. . . List of Fellows, 1889. ■ . Institution of Electrical Engineers, — Journal, Vol. XVIII, No. 82. '. Nature,— Vol. XLI, Nos. 1051—1055. - Royal Astronomical Society, — Monthly Notices, Vol. XLIX, No. 9, Supplenient number. — — — --. Royal Geographical Society, — Proceedings, Vol. XI, Nos. 11—12, November-December, 1889. . Royal Microscopical Society, — Journal, Parts 4 — 5, 1889. . Royal Society,— Proceedings, Vol. XLVI, No. 283. . Royal Statistical Society, — Journal, Vol. LII, Part 3, Septem- ber, 1889. ■ . The Academy,— Nos. 920—924. . The Athena3um,— Nos. 3242—3246. Zoological Society of London, — Proceedings, Part III, 1889. Mexico. Observatorio Meteoroldgico-Magnetico Central de Mexico, — Boletin Mensual, Tomo II, Num 2. ■ . ■■ . Informes y Documentos Relatives a Commercio Interior y Exterior Agricultura, Mineria e Industrias, — No. 50, Agosto, 1889, und Indice de Julio de 1888 a Junio de 1889. Moscow. La Societe Imperiale des Nataralistes de Moscou, — Bulletin, No. 2, 1889. Paris. Journal Asiatique, — Tome XIV, No. 1. — — — . La Societe de Geograi^hie, — Bulletin, Tome X, No. 2. . . Compte Rendu des Seances de la Commission Centrale, Nos. 15—17, 1889. -- La Societe Zoologique de France, — Bulletin, Tome XIV, No. 8. . . Memoires, Tome III, No. 4. Philadelphia. The Journal of Comparative Medicine and Surgery, — Vol. XI, No. 1. Rio de Janeiro. Imperial Observatorio do Rio de Janerio, — Revista do Observatorio, Anno 4, Nos. 10 — 11. Rome. La Societa Degli Spettroscopisti Italiani, — Memorie, Vol. XVIII, Disp. IK Schaffhauseu. La Societe Entomologique Suisse, — Bulletin, Tome VIII, No. 3. 180 Lihranj. [Feb, St. Petersburg. La Societe Iraperiale Russe de Geograpliie, — Proceed- ings, Tome XXV, Heft Nr. 4. Stockholm. Societe Entomologique de Stockholm — Entomologisk Tidskrift,— Arg X, Haft 1—4. Sydney. Royal Society of New South Wales, — Journal and Proceed- ings, Vol. XXIII, Part 1, 1889. Taiping. Government of Perak — The Perak Government Gazette, — Vol. Ill, Nos. 1—2, 1890. Tokyo. Imperial University of Japan, — Journal of the College of Science, Vol. Ill, Part III. Vienna. Der Kaiserlischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, — Almanach, 1889. . . Archiv fiir Osterreichische Geschichte, Band LXXIV, Halfte 1—2. . . Denkschriften (Mathematisch-Naturwis- senschaftliche classe), Band LV. "~ . . Sitzungsberichte, (Mathematisch Natur- wissenschaftliche classe). Abtheilung I, Band XCVII, Heft 6 — 10 ; Band XCVIII, Heft 1—3 ; Abtheilung II a., Band XCVII, Heft 8—10; Band XCVIII, Heft 1—3; Abtheilung II b. Band XCVII, Heft 8—10 ; Band XCVIII, Heft 1—3 ; Abtheilung III, Band XCVII, Heft 7—10 ; Band XCVIII, Heft 1—4. . . Register, Band XCI, bis XCVI. ■ . . (Philosophisch-Historische classe). Band CXVII— CXVIII. . Des K. K. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, — Annalen. Band IV, Nrn, 2—3. Der K. K. Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft io Wien, — Verhandlungen. Band XXXIX, Heft 3 und 4. Zagreb. Hrvatskoga Arkeologickoga Druztva, — Viestnik. Godina XI, Br. 4. ^ooKS AND Pamphlets, presented by the Axithors, Translators, S,''C. BlanfORD, W. T. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Birds, Vol. I. 8vo. London, 1889. Hayter, Henrt Heyltn, C. M. G. Victorian Tear-Book for 1888-89. Vol. I. 8vo. Melbourne, 1889. Miscellaneous Presentations. Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the British Museum. Part VII. By Arthur Gardinei' Butler. 4to. London, 1889. British Museum, London. 1800.] Library. 131 The Faana of Briiisli India, including Ceylon and Burma. By Francis Day, C. I. E., LL. D. Vol. I, Fishes. 8vo. Loudon, 1889. General Report on Public Instruction in Bengal for 1888-89. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. Report on the Administration of the Government of Bengal, 1888-89. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. Report on the River-borne Traffic of the Lower Provinces of Bengal, and on the Inland Trade of Calcutta, and on the Trade of Chitta- gong and the Orissa Ports, with notes on Road Traffic for tho year 1888-89. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. Retui-ns of the Rail-borne Trade of Bengal for the quarter endino- the 30th September, 1889. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Government of Bengal. Chirographovum in Regia Bibliotheca Pavlina Monasteriensi Cataloo-ns. Editus studio et opera Josephi Staender. 4to. Breslau, 1889. Government of Germany. A Comparative Dictionary of the Bihari Language, Part II. Compiled by A. F. Rudolf Hoernle and George A. Grierson. 4to. Calcutta 1889. The Diary of "William Hedges, Esq., during his agency in Bencral as well as on his voyage out and return overland (1681-1687.) Vol. III. By Colonel Henry Yule, R. E. (Hakluyt Society). 8vo. London, 1889. Indian Antiquary, Vol. XVIII, Parts 221-225. May to September, 1889. 4to. Bombay, 1889. Selections from the Records of the Government of India, Home De- partment, No. CCLXIII. Reports on publications issued and registered in the several Provinces of British India during the year 1888. Fcp. Calcutta, 18S9. Tractatus de Globis et eorum nsu — A Treatise descriptive of the Globes constructed by Emery Molyneux, and published in 1592, by Robert Hues. Edited by Clements R. Markham, C. B., F. R. S. 8vo. (Hakluyt Society). London, 1889. Government of India, Home Department. Epigraphia Indica and Record of the Archaeological Survey of India, Part IV, July, 1889. 4to. Calcutta, 1889. Government of India, Rev. and Agricultural Department. Minutes of the Managing Committee of the Provincial Museum, Luck- now, from August 1883 to 31st March 1888, with an introduction. 8vo. Allahabad, 1889. Government of N.-W. P. and Gudh. 132 Library. [Feb. Report on the Administration of the Punjab and its dependencies for 1888-89. Fcp. Lahore, 1889. Government of the Punjab. Notes on Indian Economic Eatomology, Vol. I, No. 2. 4to. Calcutta, 1889. Indian Museum. Physiological and Pathological Researches, being a reprint of the prin- cipal scientific writings of the late T. R. Lewis M. B., arranged and edited by Sir William Aiken M. D., G. E. Dobson, M. B. and A. E. Brown, B. S. C. 8vo. London, 1888. Lewis Memorial Committee. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, 1889. 8vo. London, 1889. Royal Gardens, Kew. Catalogue of the Scientific Books in the Library o'f the Royal Society of New South Wales, Part I. General Science. 8vo. Sydney, 1889. Royal Society of New South Wales. Herbarium Musei Fennici. Editio Secundo, I, Plantse Vasculares. 8vo. Helsingfors, 1889. Notae conspectus Florae Fennicae. 8vo. Helsingfors, 1889. SociETAS pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, Helsingfors. Verses in Sanskrit, with English translation, written as an expression of loyalty to Her Majesty the Empress Victoria on the occasion of the Heir-Apparent Prince Albert Victor's visit to Calcutta — 2 Cards, 4to. size. MAHAMOHOPADHYAfA ChANDRA KaNTA TaRKALANKAR. Pei\iodicals Pui^chased. Berlin. Deutsche Litteraturzeitung. — Jahrgang X, Nrn. 41 — 48. . Journal fiir die reiue und angewandte Mathematik, — Band CV, Heft 4. . Orientalische Bibliographie, — Band III, Heft 8. . Zeitschrift fiir Ethnologic,— Heft 4, 1889. Braunschweig. Jahresbericht iiber die Fortschritte der Chemie und verwandter Theile anderer Wissenchaften, — Heft 3, 1887. Calcutta. Calcutta Review, — Vol. XC, No. 179. . Indian Medical Gazette,— Vol. XXIV, No. 12. Cassel. Botanisches Centralblatt, — Band XL, Heft 1 — 9. Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, — Tome XXII, No. 12, et Appendix a No, 11. Gottingen. Der Konigl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, — Gottin- gische Gelehrte Auzeigen. Nru. 19 — 23, 1889. 1890.] Lihranj. 133 Gofctingen. Der Kouigl. Gesellscliaft der Wissenscliaften, — Nach- richten. Nrn. 18, 1889. Leipzig. Aunaleu der Physik und Chemie, — Band XXXIX, Heft 1. . . Beiblatter,— Band XIII, Stuck 11—12. -^ Literarisches Centralblatt, — Nrn. 42 — 49. London. Mind,— Vol. XV, No. 57. . Rhopalocera Exotica, — Part 10, October, 1889. • . The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, — Vol. IV, (sixth Series), Nos. 28 — 24, November- December, 1889. . The Chemical News,— Vol. LX, Nos. 1568—1573. . The Entomologist,— Vol. XXII, Nos. 318—319, November- December, 1889. . The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, — Vol. XXV, Nos. 306—307, November-December, 1889. . The Ibis,— Vol. I, (sixth Series) No. 4, October, 1889. . The Journal of Botany,~Vol. XXVII, Nos. 323—324, No- vember-December, 1889. . The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine, —Vol. XXVIII, Nos. 174—175, November-December, 1889. . The Messenger of Mathematics, — Vol. XIX, Nos. 5—6, September-October, 1889. . The Nineteenth Century,— Vol. XXVII, No. 155, January, 1890. . The Numismatic Chronicle,— Vol. IX, (3^^ Series). No. 35, Part 3. The Society of Arts,— Journal, Vol. XXXVIII, Nos. 1934-1939. New Haven. The American Journal of Science, — Vol. XXXVIII (3»'i Series), No. 227, November, 1889. Pai'is. L' Academic des Sciences, — Comptes Rendus des Seances,— Tome CIX, Nos. 15—22. . Annales de Chimie et de Physique, — Tome XVII (6"^<' Serie), Novembre-Decembre, 1889. — — . Journal des Savants, — Octobre-Novembre, 1889. . Revue Scientifique,— Tome XLIV, Nos. 24—26, Tome XLV, Nos. 1—2. . Revue de Linguistique et de Philologie Comparee, — Tome XXII, Fascicule 4. . Revue Critique d' Histoire et de Litterature, — Tome XXVIII, Nos. 41—48. Philadelphia. Manual of Conchology,— Vol. XI, Part 3, Vol. V, (2ud Series) Part 3. Vienna. Vienna Oriental Journal, — Vol. Ill, No. 4, 1889. 134 Library. [Feb. 1890.] ■Books Pui\chased, Herklots, G. a., M. D. Qanoon-e-Islam, or tlie customs of the Mus- sulmans of India, comprising a full and exact account of the various rites aud ceremonies, from the moment of birth, till hour of death, by Jaffar Shurreef. 2nd Edition. 8vo. Madras, 1863. Report of the Scientific Results of the voyage of H. M. S. " Challenger " —Zoology, Vol, XXXII. 4to. London, 1889. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL, For M.ARCH, 1890. The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Beno-al was held ou Wednesday, the 5th March 1890, at 9 P. M. H. Beveridge, Esq., C. S., President, in the chair. The following members were present : — Babii Saratchandra Das, E. Gay, Esq., Babu Bhupendra Sri Ghosha, Dr. Hoernle, "W A. Lee, Esq., R. D. Mehta, Esq., Babu Asutosh Mukhopadhyay, Captain R. C. Temple, J. Wood- Mason, Esq. Visitors — Captain T. E. Younghusband, King's Dragoon Guards. Lama Phun tshogs D Waii Zdan. The Minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. Thirty-one presentations were announced, details of which are given in the Library List appended. The following gentlemen, duly proposed and seconded at the last meeting of the Society, were balloted for and elected Ordinary Mem= bars : — Brigade Surgeon J. G. Pilcher. Maharaja Girjanath Roy, Dinajpur. The following gentlemen are candidates for election at the next meeting : Philip Lake, Esq , B. A. (Cantab.), proposed by Dr. W. King, second- ed by E. C. Cotes, Esq. 136 Appointment of Gommittees. [MarcH, F. G. Hickson, Esq., proposed by H. Beveridge, Esq., seconded by Dr. W. King. Dr. W. H. Solf, proposed by H. Beveridge, Esq., seconded by Dr. Hoernle. The following gentleman lias intimated bis wish to withdraw from the Society : Sir John W. Edgar, K. C. I. E., C. S. I. The Pkesident announced that the Council had appointed Messrs. Meugens and King to be Auditors of the Society's Accounts for 1890. The Secretary read the names of the gentlemen who had been appointed by the Council to serve on the various Committees for the present year. Finance and Visiting Committee. E. T. Atkinson, Esq. Dr. J. Scully. Hon. Sir A. W. Croft. Pandit Haraprasad Sh<4stri. Babu Pratapachandra Ghosha. Colonel J. Waterhouse. Raja Rajendralala Mitra. J. Wood-Mason, Esq. Captain J. H. Sadler. Library Committee. Nawab Abdul Latif, Bahadur. Mahamahopadhyay Pandit Mahesa- E. T. Atkinson, Esq. chandra Nyayaratna. Babu Gaurdas Bysack. L. de Niceville, Esq. Hon. Sir A. W. Croft. Captain J. H. Sadler. Dr. D. D. Cunningham. Hon. Dr. Mahendralal Sarkar. Babu Pratapachandra Ghosha. W. L. Sclater, Esq. Prince Jahan Qadr Muhammad Dr. J. Scully. Wahid All, Bahadur. Pandit Haraprasad Shastri. J. Mann, Esq. C. H. Tawney, Esq. Raja Rajendralala Mitra. Colonel J. Waterhouse. Babii Asutosh Mukhopadhyay. J. Wood-Mason, Esq. Philological Committee. Nawab Abdul Latif, Bahadur. Babii Nilmani Mukerji. E. T. Atkinson, Esq. Mahamahopadhyay Pandit Mahe^a- J. Beames, Esq. chandra Nyayaratna. Babu Gaurdas Bysack. Captain D. C. Phillott. Dr. A. Fiihrer. Babu Rajkumar Sarvadhikari, 1890.] Appointment of Committees. 137 G. A. Grierson, Esq. Babii Pratiipachandra Gliosha. Maulvi Kuda Bakhsh Khau, Baliadui*. C. J. Lyall, Esq. J. Maun, Esq. Raja Rajeudralala Mitra. Sir Say id Alimad. Pandit Haraprasad Shastri. C. H. Tawney, Esq. Captain R. C. Temple. Captain J. H. Sadler. Dr. G. Thibaut. Colonel A. C. Toker. Coins Committee. Dr. A. Fiihrer. Raja Rajendralala Mitra. C. J. Rodgers, Esq. Dr. J. Scully. J. H. Rivett-Carnac, Esq. V. A. Smith, Esq. History and Arch^ological Committee. Hon. Justice Amir AH. J. Beames, Esq. Babu Gaurdas Bysack. W. H. P. Driver, Esq. Dr. A. Fiihrer. Babii Pratapachaudra Ghosha. F. S. Growse, Esq. [raaldas. Mahamahopadhyaya Kaviraja Shya- Raja Rajendralala Mitra. J. H. Rivett-Caruac, Esq. Captain R. C. Temple. J. Wood- Mason, Esq. Natural History Committee. Dr. A. W. Alcock. H. H. Anderson, Esq. E. T. Atkinson, Esq. Dr. A. Barclay. E. C. Cotes, Esq. Dr. D. D. Cunningham. J. F. Duthie, Esq. Dr. G. M. Giles. Dr G. King. C. S. Middlemiss, Esq. L. de Niceville, Esq. Dr. Fritz Noetliug. R. D. Oldham, Esq. S. E. Peal, Esq. Dr. J. Scully. W. L. Sclater, Esq. Colonel C. Swinhoe. Dr. J. H. Tull Walsh. J. Wood-Mason, Esq. Physical Science Committee. Dr. A. W. Alcock. P. N. Bose, Esq. Bcibii Gaurdas Bysack. Dr. D. D. Cunningham. J. Eliot, Esq. S. R. Elson, E,5q. . Dr. G. M. Giles. Babii Asutosh Mukhopadhyay. Dr. Fritz Noetliug. R. D. Oldham, Esq. A. Pedler, Esq. Captain E. W. Petley. Dr. D. Praiii. Hon. Dr. Maheudralal Sarkar. 138 L. de Niceville — On the Ptipce of tico Indian [March, S. A. Hill, Esq. Dr. J- Scully. Dr. G. Kino-. Dr. W. J. Simpson. Rev. Father E. Lafont. Colonel H. Thuillier. J. J. D. La Touehe, Esq. Colonel J. Waterliouse. C. S. Middlemiss, Esq. J. Wood-Mason, Esq. The Philological Secretary announced the presentation to the Society by the Government N.-W. Provinces and Oadh of a gold coin of Gungeya Deva. Captain R. C. Temple, B. S. C. exhibited and explained his collec- tion of past and present Burmese Currency. He also explained and illustrated a peculiar method of Burmese Arithmetic. The following papers were read : — 1. Ancient Barbaria Customs among the Hitidus. — By Pudmanay Ghosal. Communicated by Dr. Hoernle. 2. Description of a Dipterous Insect found in Simla on the flower of Commelyna obliqua, Barclay. — By MoNS. J. BiGOT. Gommtmicated by E, T. Atkinson, Esq., C. S. Ommatius lividipes, 5 nov. sp., Long. 7 mill. ^. Niger, vix nitens. Antennis, palpis, haustello, et mistace parva, nigris ; facie obscure cinerea ; pleuids et conis cinereo-pulverulentis ; abdomine parce et breviter albido villosulo ; halteribus lividis ; pedibus flavido-livido, parce nigro-setoso, incisuris tarsoram geniculisque posticis infuscatis ; alis omnino hyalinis. Hab. Simla (on the flower of Commelyna obliqua, Barclay.) 3. Note on the Pupce of tivo Indian Butterflies of the subfamily Nemeobiinse. — By L. de Nice'ville, Esq., F. E. S., C. M. Z. S. Mr. Samuel H. Scudder in " The Butterflies of the Eastern United States and Canada " (p. 776 et seq.) has admirably summed up all that is known regarding the transformations of the butterflies of the sub- family Nemeobiince, and shews that all the information we possess of the Old World species is confined to the European Nemeobius lucina, Liungeus, and to the Asiatic Abisara prunosa, Moore. I am now able to supplement this by some particulars of two pupee of two other species of the subfamily. Mr. G. C. Dudgeon, of Darjiling, procured a single pupa last autumn of Zemeros flegyas, Cramer, of which he has com- municated to me a water-colour drawing, with the following descrip- 1890.] Butterflies of the suh-family Nemeobiinge. 139 tion : — " Pupa very flat. Head rounded, bifid ; abdomen broad in the middle ; thorax rounded, flat. Colour pale green marked with blue on the back. Fastened by the tail and round the thorax with a whitish web. Found on a leaf of Mcesa montana, D. C." Shortly afterwards Mr. A. V. Knyvett sent me an empty pupa-case of the same species from the same district. From these two sources of information I am able to draw up the following notes. Mr. Dudgeon's drawing shews the pupa attached to the surface of a leaf, but whether to the upper or underside 1 am unable to say, though probably the latter. The leaf appeal's to be rather a small one, and the pupa occupies about the middle third of half the surface between the m.idrib and one margin of the leaf, the long axis of the pupa being parallel with the midrib, and the head directed towards the apex of the leaf. Mr. Knyvett's example is attached to the underside of a small leaf, and lies between two of the lateral ribs, with the head touching the midrib, the tail directed towards the edge of the leaf. Both pupae are fixed to the leaf by the cremastral hooks at the end of the abdomen, and by a silken girdle across the body at about the junction of the thorax with the first abdominal segment. To allow the imago to escape, the thorax has split down the dorsal line, but the case covering the abdominal segments remains intact. The pupa is distinctly fusiform in shape, being broadest at about the middle, the abdominal segments rapidly increasing in width to the junction of the second and third (to judge from the empty pupa-case), and then more gradually decreasing to the last, which is bluntly rounded. The whole pupa appears to be much depressed. The wing-cases are very small, and hardly visible from above. The constrictions between the abdominal segments are well marked, and the posterior segments are not turned under as in the typical pupge of the family Lyccenidce. The ventral surface of the pupa is very flat, and lies in close contact with the surface of the leaf. In general shape the pupa is very similar to that of Abisara prunosa, Moore, fi'om Ceylon, but the terminal segment of the abdomen (tail) is much blunter (less pointed) ; it appears, however, to differ widely in not having the surface furnished with long hairs ; none being shewn in Mr. Dudgeon's drawing, or mentioned in his description, and none being visible in the empty pupa-case. I may note also that the pupa of the European iV. lucina appears to be quite naked. The pupa of Z.flegyas lies fully exposed on the surface of the leaf, there being no attempt to make a cocoon of any sort. The surface of the leaf on which the pupa lies, and for a little distance around, is covered with a coating of fine white silk evidently spun by the larva before fixing itself in position for pupation. 140 L. de Niceville — On the Pupoe of hoo Indian [March, Of the other pupa I have long possessed a single example from which the imago has escaped, obtained by Colonel G. F. L. Marshall, R. E., at Simla. The species is Dodona diirga, Kollar, a butterfly which is some- what similar to N. lucina in the imago state. This pupa is also attached to the underside of a small leaf near the tip, the long axis of the pupa being parallel to the midrib, over which it partly lies, with the head directed towards the tip of the leaf. It is fixed in position by the tail, and by a median girth as in Z.Jiegyas, from which it only differs (as far as I can judge from empty shells only) in being less flattened and narrower throuo-hout, the abdominal segments especially being much attenuated and ending almost in a point as in A. prmiosa. It does not appear to have been covered with hair. As far as the pupae go, the Old World species would appear to shew that the subfamily Nemeobimce would be better placed with the family Lyccenidoe than with the family Nymphalidce, agreeing with the former also much more closely in the larva stage. But some of the New World Nemeohiince have the pupse suspended by the tail only with no median girth, while some of the Old World Lyccenidce also (Poritia hartertii, Doherty, of which I have seen the empty pupa-case, for in- stance) have the pupse similarly suspended, so that the position assumed by the piTpa cannot be taken as an infallible guide in defining the families of butterflies. On the ground chiefly of the extreme shortness and hairiness of the forelegs of the Indian species in the imago stage, the much larger average size and stouter build, as well as the invariable presence of a prascostal nervure to the hind wing, I am of opinion that Bates is more correct in placing the subfamily Nemeohiince with the family Nymphalidce than Scudder is in claiming it as a subfamily co- ordinate with Lyccenince in a family Lyccenidce. P. S. Since the above was placed in type, I am able to supple- ment the information regarding the transformations of Z. flegyas, by the following description of its larva by Mr. O. C. Dudgeon : — " Larva. Length when full-grown "75 of an inch. Ovate, extremely flattened, inconspicuous. Coloration pale green, head and anal segment slightly lighter, all the segments laterally rounded, covered with a whitish down, especially at the sides ; an indistinct doable longitudinal dorsal darker green line throughout, enclosing a minute orange-rod spot on the seventh and eleventh segments ; middle segments more than twice as broad as they are long. Legs pale green, set well beneath the animal, and rather close together. Full grown at the end of March. Feeds on Mcesa montana, D. C, as kindly identified by Dr. George King, C. I. E., Superintendent of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta. The larva when about to change into the pupal stage, attaches itself to a patch 1890.] Butterflies of the suh-famihj Nemeobiinte. 141 of silky web by the last see'ment to the underside of a leaf of the food- plant, and is girt about the middle with another web. The double dorsal line in the larva becomes rather more bluish before the insect changes." Six empty pupa-cases, Mr. Dudgeon informs me, have recently been found by him on the food-plant, all attached to the under surface, with the head of the pupa turned towards the apex of the leaf. All were found at 2,000 feet elevation in the Darjiling district, where the butterfly swarms. Another butterfly of the subfamily Nemeohiincs, Bodona ado- nira, Hewitson, probably feeds on Mcesa chisia of Don in Darjiling, a pupa having once been found by Mr. A. V. Knyvett on that bush (also one of the plants on which Z. flegijas feeds), " attached to the leaf in exactly the same way as is Z. flegijas, i. e., by the tail and with a median silken girth." I append a full description of the pupa of Z. flegyas obtained at Badamtam near Darjiling, 3,400 feet elevation above the sea, by Mr. Dudgeon. Pupa, '55 to '70 of an inch long.* Shape fusiform, broadest in the middle, tapering towards both ends, with the anterior end truncate- rounded, distinctly broader than the posterior ; the whole pupa extra- ordinarily flattened, and consequently of very slight depth even in the thickest part ; the divisions between the segments well-marked ; the posterior segment bluntly rounded ; the head also rounded, divided in the middle line at the apex into two lobes by a shallow notch, the sides of which are parallel to one another and at right angles to the bottom ; colours light bright yellowish-green throughout, above marked with rich emerald-green narrow lines arranged in an arabesque-like pattern on the two outer thirds, a sei-ies of round spots along the middle of the back on the abdomen only, and a subdorsal line on either side interrupt- ed at the segmental constrictions. The under surface is pale yellowish- green throughout, entii'ely unmarked. Owing to the extremely depressed form of the pupa, the wing-cases are almost entirely invisible fi'om above ; they show only by a very narrow emerald-green line on each side of the thorax and two anterior abdominal segments. The whole surface of the pupa is entirely smooth, without any hairs or shagreening whatever. Owing to its beautiful coloration and curious markings this pupa is one of the prettiest I have seen, and far surpasses anything known to me in the family Lyccenidcs. * This latter measnrement is taken from an empty pupa-case. 142 Lihranj. [MARCH, The following additions have been made to the Librai-y since the meeting held in February last. TRANSACTIONS, Pl^OCEEDINGS AND jJoUI\NAL, p7-esented by the respective Societies and Editors. Berlin. Der Gelleschaft NaturforschenderFreunde zu Berlin. — Sitzungs- berichte, Jahrgang, 1889. Brussels. La Societe Royale Malacologique de Belgique, — Annales, Tome XXIII. . . Proces- Verbaux des Seances. July 1888 — June 1889. Calcutta. Indian Engineering. Vol. VII, Nos. 6 — 9. Edinburgh. The Scottish Geographical Society, — Magazine, Vol. VI, No. 1, January, 1890. The Hague. Kouinklijk Instituut voor de Taal,- Land-en Volken-kunde van Nederlandsch- Indie, — Bijdragen tot de Taal- Land-en Volken- kunde van Nederlandsch-Indie. Deel V, (Sg Volgr.) Aflevering 1. Havre. Societe de Geographic Commerciale du Havre, — Bulletin, No- vembre — Decembre, 1889. Jassy. Societataii Stiintifice si Literare din lasi, — Arhiva, Nos. 2 — 3, Septemvrie — Decembrie, 1889. London. Nature. Vol. XLI, Nos. 1056—1058. . Royal Astronomical Society, — Monthly Notices, Vol. L, No. 1, November, 1889. ■ . Royal Geographical Society, — Proceedings, Vol. XII, No. 1, January, 1890. . Royal Microscopical Society, — Journal, Part 6, 1889. — — . Institution of Electi'ical Engineers, — Journal, Vol. XVIII, No. 83. . The Academy. Nos. 925—927. • . The Athenseum. Nos. 3247—3250. Mexico. La Sociedad Cientifica " Antonio Alzate," — Memorias. Tomo II, Num 12, Tomo III, Num 1—2. Naples. La Societa Africana D'ltalia, — Bollettino, Tome VIII, Nos. 5—10. Paris. La Societe de Geographic, — Bullettin. Tome X, No. 3. . — — . . Compte Rendu des Seances de la Commis- sion Centrale, Nos. 1 et 2, 1890. ]890.] Library. 143 Paris. La Societe Zoologique cle France, — Bullettiu. Tome XIV, No. 9. Prague. Der K. K. Stern-o'arte zu Prag, — Astronomisclie Beobaclitun- gen, 1885—1887. Apijeudix zum 46, 47, nnd 48 Jalirgang. Rome. La Societa Degli Spettroscopisti Italiani, — Memorie, Vol. XXXIII, Disp. 12^ and Indice, Volume XVIII. Stockholm. Konigliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens, — Biliang (supplement aux Memoii^es), — Vol. IX, Nos. 1 — 2 ; Vol. X, Nos. 1—2 ; Vol. XI, Nos. 1—2 ; Vol. XII, Nos. 1-4 ; Vol. XIII, Nos. 1—4. . . . Forteckning (Table des Matieres), 1826 —1883. Handlingar (Memoires), — Vol. XX, Nos, 1—2 ; Vol. XXI, 1—2 and Atlas. Lefnadsteckningar (Biographies des Membres),— Vol. II, No. 3. . . . Meteorologiska lakttagelser I Sverige. (Observations Meteorologiques, Suedoises) Vols. XXII — XXVI, 1880-84. -. . Ofversight (Bulletin),— Vols. XLI— XLV, 1884-88. St. Petersburg. La Societe Iraperiale Russe de Geographic, — Proceed- ings. Tome XXV, No. 5. Taiping. Government of Perak — The Perak Government Gazette, — Vol. Ill, Nos. 3—5, 1890. Turin. La R. Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, — Atti Vol. XXV, Disp. 1^— 2a. Vienna. Der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien, — Verhand- lungen. Nos. 13—17, 1889. ^ooKS AND Pamphlets, presented by the Authors, Translators Sfc. CuLiN, Stewaet. Chinese Games with Dice (Read befoi'e the Oriental Club of Philadelphia, March 14th, 1889). 8vo. Philadeli^hia, 1889. Cunningham, D. D., M. B., F. R. S., F. L. S. On the Phenomena of Fertilization in Ficus Roxburghii, "Wall. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. Haeckel, Ernst. Monographic die Radiolarien, (Rhizopoda Radiaria) Vierter Theil. Die Phaeodarien oder Cannopyleen Radiolarien. 4to. Berlin, 1888. . Natiirliche Schopfungs-Geschichte. 8vo. Berlin, 1889. ' . Report on the Deep-Sea Keratosa, (Report on the Scientific results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, Zoology, Vol. XXXII, Part LXXXII). 4to. London, 1889. 144 Library. [March, King, George, M. B., LL. D., F. R. S., F. L. S. Annals of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta, Vol. II. The species of Artocarpus indi- genous to British India ; The Indo-Malayan species of Quercus and Castanopsis. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. — — . The species of Ficus of the Indo-Malayan and Chinese Countries. Appendix. Some new species from New Guinea. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. MODiGLiANi, Elio. Un Viaggio A Nias. Svo. Milano, 1890. Rat, Pratap Chandra, C. I. E. The Mahabharata, translated into En- glish prose. Part LVI. Svo. Calcutta, 1889. M.ISCELLANEOUS Pl^SENTATIONS. Dagh-Register gehonden int Easteel Batavia vaut passerende daer ter plaetse als over geheel Nederlandts- India. Anno 1661, van Mr. J. A. Van Der Chijs. 4to. Batavia, 1889. Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en "Wetenschappen. Verzeichniss der Arabischen Handschriften. von "W. Ahlwardt. Zweiter Band (Die Handschriften- Verzeichnisse der Koniglichen Biblio- thek zu Berlin, Achter Band). 4to. Berlin, 1889. Verzeichniss der Tiirkischen Handschriften. von Wilhelm Pertsch (Die Handschriften- Verzeichnisse der Koniglichen Bibliothek zu Berlin, Sechster Band). 4to. Berlin, 1889. Der Koniglichen Bibliothek zu Berlin, Returns of the Rail-borne trade of the Central Provinces during the quarter ending 30th September 1889, Fcp. Nagpur, 1890. Chief Commissioner, Central Provinces. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burmah. Fishes, Vol. II. By Francis Day, C. I. E., LL. D. Svo. London, 1889. Report on the Administration of Bengal, 1888-89. Relations with Tributary States, and Frontier affairs. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. Government of Bengal. Copies of Government of India Despatch, dated the 22nd day of June 1889, with its enclosures, including Reports by Mr. Tucker : and of Memorial of the Indian Association of Calcutta, dated the 12th day of April 1888, regarding land emigration from Bengal to Assam (in continuation of House of Lords' Return, (No. 14), 5th March, 1889). Fcp. London, 1889. Correspondence between the India Office, the Government of India, and the Treasury, on the Plate Duties since November 1888. Fcp. London, 1889. 1890.] Libranj. 145 Index to the Reports from the Select Committee on East India (Hydera- bad Deccan Mining Company). Fep. London, 1888. Report of the Committee appointed to enquii'e into the Pay, Status, and Conditions of service of Medical Officers of the Army and Navy. Fcp. London, 1889. Report of the Royal Commission on the Blind, the Deaf and Dumb &c. of the United Kingdom. Fcp. London, 1889. Selections from the Records of the Government of India, Home Depart- ment. No. 263. Reports on Publications issued and registered in the several Provinces of British India during the year 18S8. Fcp. Calcutta, 1889. . No, 265. Papers relating to Discipline and Moral Train- ing in Schools and Colleges in India. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Statement exhibiting the moral and material progress and condition of India during the year 1887-88 (No. 24). Fcp. London, 1889. Government of India, Home Department. Report on the Administration of the Madras Presidency during the year 1888-89. Fcp. Madras, 1889. Government of Madras. Report on the Administration of the N.-W. Provinces and Oudh for the year ending 31st March, 1889. Fcp. Allahabad, 1890. Government op the N.-W. Provinces and Oudh. Catalogue of the Books in the Library of the Indian Museum, corrected to August, 1887. 8vo Calcutta, 1889. Indian Museum, Calcutta. Memoria presentada al Congreso de la Union por el Secretario de Estado Y del despacho de Fomento, Colonizacion, Industria Y Commercio, de la Republica Mexicana, General Carlos Pacheco. Corresponde a los aiios Trascurridos de Enero de 1883 a Junio de 1885. Tome III— \^, et atlas Tome VI. 4to. Mexico, 1887. Observatorio Meteorologico Magnetico Central, Mexico. Register of climatic variations from the months of July to Decem- ber 1889, recorded at the St. Xavier's College Observatory. Sheet, Calcutta, 1890. St. Xavier's College, Calcutta. Periodicals Purchased. Berlin. Deutsche Litteraturzeitung, — Jahrgang, X, Nrn. 49 — 51. Calcutta. Indian Medical Gazette. — Vol. XXV, No. 1, and Index to Vol. XXIV. 146 Library. [March, 1890.] Cassel. Botanisclies Centralblatt.— Band XL, Heft 10—12. Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Nafciirelles. — Tome XXIII, No. 1. Gottingen. Der Konigl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, — Gottin- gische Gelehrte Anzeigen. Nrn. 24—25, 1889. — . . Nachrichten. Nr. 19, 1889. Leipzig. Annalen dei' Physik nnd Cheniie, Beiblatter. Band XIV, Stiick. 1. - — : . Literarisches Centralblatt.— Nrn. 50—52, 1889, nnd Nr. 1, 1890. Leyden. Internationales Archiv-fiir Ethnographie, — Band II, Heft 5. London. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, — Vol. V, (6*^^ Series), No. 25, January, 1890. . . The Chemical News,— Vol. LXI, Nos. 1574—1576. . The Entomologist,— Vol. XXIII, No. 320, January, 1890. . The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine, —Vol. XXIX, No. 176, January, 1889. — >. The Nineteenth Century,— Vol. XXVII, No. 156, February, 1890. . The Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, — Vol. XXX, (New Series), Part 3, December, 1889. . The Society of Arts,— Journal, Vol. XXXVIII, Nos. 1940— 1942. New Haven. The American Journal of Science, — Vol. XXXVIII, (S'^'' Series), No. 228, December, 1887. Paris. L' Academie des Sciences, — Oomptes Rendus des Seances. — Tome CIX, Nos. 23—26, und Tables de Tome CVIII. . Revue Scientifique, — Tome XLV, Nos. 8 — 6. . Revue Critique d' Histoire et de Litterature, — Tome XXVIII, Nos. 49-51. EooKS Purchased. De Nice'ville Lionel. The Butterflies of India, Burmah and Ceylon. Vol. III. 8vo. Calcutta, 1890. Oppert, Gustav, Ph. D. On the original inhabitants of Bharatavarsa, or India. Part II. The Gaudians. 8vo. Madras, 1889. Report on the Scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger. Physics and Chemistry, — Vol. II. 4to. London, 1889. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL, jp'oR April, 1890. The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday, the 2nd April 1890, at 9-15 P. M. J. Wood-Mason, Esq., Vice-President, in the Chair. The following members were present : Babu Gaurdas Bysack, E. C. Cotes, Esq., S. R. Elson, Esq., C. L. Griesbach, Esq., Babu Rajanikanta Gupta, Dr. Hoernle, C. Little, Esq., Kumar Rameswar Maliah, L. de Niceville, Esq., Dr. D. Prain, Dr. P. K. Ray, Dr. J. R. Tull Walsh. Visitor — W. Connan, Esq. The Minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. Forty-four presentations were announced, details of which are given in the Library List appended. The following gentlemen, duly proposed and seconded at the last meeting of the Society, were ballotted for and elected Ordinary Mem- bers : Philip Lake, Esq., B. A. (Cantab). F. G. Hickson, Esq. Dr. W. H. Self. The following gentlemen have expressed a wish to withdraw from the Society : Rev. J. Muir Hamilton. H. H. Anderson, Esq. r^h 148 Philological Secretaiy — Exhibition of livo Astrolabes. [April, The Philological Secretary exliibited two Astrolabes purchased for the Society, and read tlie following note from Raja Rajendralala Mitra forwarding the instruments : " I send herewith two astrolabes which will interest you. They have been purchased by Professor Mahesachandra Nyayaratna at Allaha- bad for us at a cost of Rs. 9 only. On referring to the Journal, Vols. X and XI, you will find that the large one is somewhat smaller than ths Pottinger plate, but the details are closely similar. I imagine that it is defective, wanting the central pivot and the tubular plumb-line index "which were necessary for determining the position of the stars and the use of the plate as an indicator of time. You know well that until very recently captains of native ships, who had no chrononietors nor quadrants, depended entirely upon their astrolabes. By men familiar with the handling of the instruments latitudes, longitudes and the progression of the equinoxes were all pretty accurately determined by the use of the astrolabe, and the astronomical and astrological calcu- lations for which it was employed were very various. " The second instrument is a pocket edition of the first. It is not so elaborate, but much more handy. If you have any Maulvi in the Madrasah, who is familiar with Arabic astronomy, you ean get from him a full description of the uses of these instruments. If you should remember the Kotah silver plate which we have in our library, you will find that it differs entirely from the instruments now under notice. Its details do not at all support the theory that the Hindus borrowed their astronomy from the Arabs." Dr. HoERNLE remarked that the larger astrolabe was an Indian one, made in Lahore. A similar astrolabe was described in the Journal, As. Soc. Beng. Vol. X, p. 759./", by J. Middleton. It was a Persian one, belonging to Major Pottinger, and was brought from Herat. It differed from the present one in size as well as the number of discs. The present astrolabe was about 5^ inches in diameter, and consisted of seven pieces, while Major Pottinger's was about 8 inches in diameter, and apparently consisted of only 5 pieces, with an index piece. The latter was wanting in the present one. As suggested by Raja R. Mitra, he had given the astrolabes to one of the Madrasah Maulvis for ex- amination by himself and others. But they had been unable to explain its use. On the interior face of the main piece were engraved two sets of three concentric circles. The middlemost circle of each set was in- scribed with the names of the best known towns of India, Persia, and Arabia; the outer and inner circles of each set gave the loiigitudes 1890.] D. Praia — The nnn-indujenous species of the Andaman Flora. 149 and latitudes of each town. The series of uames of the outer set commenced, where the handle was attached to the piece, with Mecca, Medinah, Taif, Jadah, etc., and concluded with Lahawai', Dehli, Agra, Benares. The series of the inner set contained only Indian names, commencing with Daulatabad, Ahmadnagar, and ending with Sonargara, Bangalah, Paaipatli (sic). On the back of the main piece was inscribed the name of the maker of the astrolabe. The space occupied by this inscription was vacant on Major Pottinger's sj^ecimen ; it is the small quadrant, shown in J. A. S. B., Vol. X, Plate I, inscribed simply with " circles of Sicmhaf:." The inscription on the present specimen is as follows : i. e., the work of the lowest of servants, Hamad, the son of Muham- mad Muqim, the son of 'Isa, the son of Allahdad, the astrolabist of Lahor, dated the 4th of Zi-1-Hijjah, in the year 1087 (= 1677 A. D.). The handle of the main piece showed, as part of its trellis work, the name of IMuhammad Sa'id ( >^>-*-^ ^♦=p'* ) The following papers were I'ead — • 1. Natural History notes froyn H. M.'s Indian Marine Survey Steamer " Livestigator" Gommxnder R. F. Hosktn, R. N"., Commanding — No. 16. The non-indigenous species of the Andaman Flora. — By D. Prain. (Abstract.) This paper consisted of au enumeration of the palpably introduced species present in the Andaman Flora based on the information given in the Report on the Vegetation of the Andaman Islands by the late Mr. S. Kurz and on that obtained during a brief botanical visit to Port Blair in 1889. The following method was adopted in presenting the list : 1. Cultivated species and weeds — enumerated together by Mr. Kurz — were dealt with separately. 2. Species (of both kinds) given by Mr. Kurz as present in 1866 (the date of his visit to the Audamans) were taken from an enumeration incorporated in his report — the synonymy being, however, made to con- form with that of the Flora of British India. 3. Additional species (of both kinds) present in 1889 were species seen and collected in November of that year. The list was thei'efore subdivided into — 1. Species under cultivation or obviously planted in 1866, 123 in all. 150 D. Prain — The non-indigenous species of the Ajidaman Flora. [April, II. Species under cultivation, obviously planted, or intentionally- introduced seen in 1889, not present in 1866, 42 in all, bringing the total of voluntarily introduced species up to 165. [The species of these sub-lists consist of ; — 1, — such as probably never could become naturalised, (these were indicated in the lists as exotic by a distinctive mark) ; 2, — those that might be expected to hold their own in the struggle for existence if the settlement should happen to be abandoned; and 3, —those that are naturalised in the Andamans now. The second category cannot be limited from the first without individual differences of opinion arising as to its exact components ; it is, however, of necessity that from which the third is being steadily recruited.] III. S^Decies unintentionally introduced prior to 1866, 60 in all ; and IV. Species unintentionally introduced between 1866 and 1889, 44 in all ; making a total of involuntarily introduced species up to Is'ovember 1889 of 104. But 5 of the species present in 1866 were not met with in November 1889, and 3 of those met with being cryptogams were omitted from the calculations which were confined to flowering plants only. The results indicated by the 4 sub-lists were : — 1, — that, in 1866, 15 intentionally introduced plants and 60 weeds had actually or apparently become established in the Andamans and, though not indigenous plants, had become an integral portion of the Andaman flora. 2, — that, in 1889, 14 more of the plants intentionally introduced but only seen under cultivation in 1866 had become naturalised ; that along with them 7 species intentionally introduced during the interval between 1866 and 1889 had begun to appear spontaneously ; also that during the same period 41 more weeds (phanerogamic) had become introduced. 3, — that on the other hand one species that was appearing sponta- neously in 1866 was only seen cultivated in 1889, and 5 weeds that were seen in 1866 were not met with in 1889. But too great weight was not laid on the latter fact, which might well be the i"esult of the shortness of the 1889 visit (5 days only). The remaining portion of the paper was occupied with an enquiry into the rate of naturalisation and the nature of the naturalised speciea ; — the results may be briefly stated. 1. The total number both of naturalised and of unintentionally introduced species constantly increases. 2. The rate of naturalisation of intentionally introduced species 1890.] Lihrary. 151 has hitherto been lower than that of introduction of unintentionally introduced species. 3. In both cases this rate has been lower for the period of 23 years between 1866 and 1889 than during the 11 seasons prior to 1866 during which a settlement had been in existence at Port Blair. 4. This lower rate for the second period is more apparent than real, and is due as regards naturalized species to the survival of some cultivated species (left to their fate when the early settlement that existed between 1789-92 was abandoned) at the time of the second settlement in 1858,* and as regards weeds to the fact that the greater number of common weeds were necessarily introduced with earliest sowings of grain. 5. That in both cases the rate has now probably become nearly uniform, but that whereas for naturalized species it is steady or uni- formly increasing, for weeds it is probably uniformly decreasing .\ The paper will be published in full in the Journal, Part II. 2. The Buddhist Remains at Mount TJren in Hhmgir (Monghyr) district, and identification of the site with a celebrated hermitage of B^iddha ; illustrated with 'photographs, facsimile ink impressions of in- scriptions, Buddha's footprint, and a map. — By L. A. Waddell, M. B. The paper will be published in the Journal, Part I. The following additions have been made to the Library since the meeting held in March last. Tl^NSACTIONS, Pl^CEEDINGS AND JOUI^NALS, presented by the respective Societies and Editors. Baltimore. Johns Hopkins University, — American Chemical Journal, Vol. XI, Nos. 1—5. ■ . . American Journal of Mathematics, Vol. XI, Nos, 3 and 4. * In the papor various considerations were advanced which went to shew that such survival must be far less extensive than on a 'priori grounds alone might be expected under the circumstances. t Dr. King, Superintendent of the Royal Botanic Garden, is at present (April 1890) paying a brief official visit to the Andamans and has kindly undertaken to collect any weeds that may be in flower now which were not in flower in Novem- ber ; it is therefore hoped that before it passes through the press the numbers in this paper may be brought quite up to the date of publication. 152 Library. [April, Baltimore. Johns Hopkins University,-^American Journal of Philology, Vol. IX, No. 4 and Vol. X, No. 1. . . . Circulars, Vol. VIII, Nos. 69—73, Vol. IX, No. 78. Bombay. Bombay Natural History Society, — Journal, Vol. IV, Nos. 3 and 4. . The Indian Antiquary, Vol. XVIII, No. 227 and Vol. XIX, No. 230. Boston. American Philological Association, — Transactions, Vol. XIX. Budapest. A Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia, — E'rtekezesek, Kotefc XIV, Szam, 8—10. . . Ethnologische Mitteilungen aus Uugarn. Jahr I, Heft 3. . . Nyelvtudomanyi Kozlemenyek, Kotet XXI, Fiizet 1—2. . ' . Mathematische und Naturwissenschaftliche Berichte aus Ungarn, — Baud VI. . . Uugarische Revue,— Heft VII— X, 1888, Heft I— III, 1889. . . L' Academic Nationale Hongroise des Sciences, —Bulletin, Tome XVIII, No. 1. Calcutta. Geological Survey of India, — Records, Vol. XXIII, Part I. ■ . Indian Engineering, — X^ol. VII, Nos 10 — 12. — — — -. Photographic Society of India, — Journal, Vol. Ill, No. 3. Cassel. Des Vereines fiir Naturkunde zu Kassel, — Bericlit XXXIV — XXXV. Florence. La Societa Africana d' Italia, — Bullettino, Tome V, Fasci- colo 8°. Hamburg. Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein in Hamburg, — Abhand- lungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften, Band XI, Heft 1. Leipzig. Der Deutschen Morgenliindischen Gesellschaft, — Zeitsclirift, Band XLIII, Heft 4. London. Institution of Electrical Engineers, — Journal, Vol. XIX, No, 84, and Index to Vol. XVIII. . Nature,— Vol. XLI, Nos. 1059—1062. . The Academy,— Nos. 928—931. , The Athenseum,— Nos. 3251—3254. Mendon, Illinois. The American Antiquarian and Oriental Journal, —Vol. XII, No. 1. Mexico. Estados Unidos Mexicanos, — Informes y Documentos Relativos a Comercio Interior y Exterior Agricultura, Mineria e Industrias, No. 51, Setiembre, 1889. 1890.] Library. 153 Moscow. La Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscoii, — Bulletin, No. 3, 1889. • — . . Meteorologiscbe Beobaclitungen. Das Jahr 1889, Erste Hiilfte. Naples. La Societa Africaua D'ltalia, — BoUettino, Anno VIII, Fasc. 11—12, Novembre— Decembre 1889. New York. American Museum of Natural History, — Annual Reports, 1869, 1870, 1872, 1874-75, 1877—1888-89. . . Bulletin, Vol. I, Nos. 1—8, Vol. II, Nos. 1 and 2. Paris. La Societe de Geograpbie, — Compte Rendu des Seances de la Commission Centrale, — Nos. 3 et 4, 1890. Philadelphia. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, — Pro- ceedings, Parts 1 and 2, 1889. • The Journal of Comparative Medicine and Veterinary Archives, Vol. XI, No. 2. Pisa. La Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali, — Memorie, Tome X. . . . Processi Verbali, 7 Luglio 1889, (Tome VI)— 17 Novembre 1889, (Tome VII) Rome. La Societa Degli Spettrosco])isti Italiani, — Memorie, Vol. XIX, No. 1. San Francisco. California Academy of Sciences, — Memoirs, Vol. II, No. 2. • . . Proceedings, Vol. I, Parts 1 and 2. Sydney. Linnean Society of New South Wales, — Proceedings, Vol. IV, (2iid series,) Part 3. Taiping. Government of Perak. The Perak Government Gazette, — Vol. Ill, Nos. 6—8. Toronto. Canadian Institute, — Proceedings, 3rd series, Vol. VII, No, 1. Trenton. Trenton Natural History Society, — Journal, Vol. II, No. 1 January, 1889. Vienna. Der K. K. Geologischen Reichsanstalt,— Jahrbuch. Band XXXIX, Heft 1 und 2. . . Verhandlungen, No. 18, 1889, Nos 1 and 2, 1890. . Osterreichischen Touristen-Club, — Mittheilungen, der Section fur Naturkunde. Jahr I, 1889. Washington. United States Geological Survey, — Bulletin, Nos. 48 — 53. Yokohama. Der Deutschen Gesellschaft fiir Natur- und Volkerkunde Ostasiens in Tokio, — Mittheilungen, Heft 43, February 1890. 154 Library. [April, M.ISCELLANEOUS PRESENTATIONS. Catalogue of the Persian, Turkish, Hindustani, and Pushtu Manu- scripts in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. Part I. The Persian Manuscripts. By Hermann Ethe, Ph. D., Hon. M. A. 4to. Oxford, 1889. Bodleian Library, Oxford. North American Fauna, Nos. 1 and 2. 8vo. Washington, 1889. Department of Agriculture, U. S., Washington. Annual Report of the Department of Mines, New South Wales, for the year, 1888. Fcp. Sydney, 1889. Department of Mines, N. S. Wales, Sydney. Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Pennsylvania for 1887. Svo. Harrisburg, 1889. Catalogue of the Museum of the Geological Survey of Pennsylvania, Part III, O. 0. 0. Svo. Harrisburg, 1889. A Dictionary of the Fossils of Pennsylvania and Neighboui'ing States named in the Reports and Catalogues of the Geological Survey of Pennsylvania, Vol. I, A. to M. P4. 8vo. Harrisburg, 1889. Geological Survey of Pennsylvania, — Atlas to Northern Anthracite Field, Parts III and IV, A. A. , Atlas to Reports H. H. and H, H. H., with pamphlet of revi- sion and connection of the semi-bituminous coal section at Wellers- burg in Somerset county. Pa. and notes on the Geology of Cambria and Somei-set counties. , South Mountain Map, Sheets C 1, 2, 3, 4 ; D 2, 3, 4, 5. D6. Geological Survey of Pennsylvania. History of the Coinage of the Territories of the East India Company in the Indian Peninsula : and Catalogue of the Coins in the Madras Museum. By Edgar Thurston, Svo. Madras, 1890. Notes on the Pearl and Chank Fisheries and Marine Fauna of the Gulf of Manaar. By Edgar Thurston. Svo. Madras, 18S0. Government Central Museum, Madras. Annual Administration Reports of the Forest Department (Southern and Northern Circles), Madras Presidency, for the official year 1888-89. Fcp. Madras, 1889. Progress Report of the Archaeological Survey of Southern India from October, 1889 to January, 1890. By Dr. E. Hultzsch. Fcp. Madras, 1890. Government of Madras. 1890.] Library. 155 Hand-Book of Cyclonic Storms in the Bay of Bengal for the use of Sailors. By John Eliot, M. A. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Report on the Meteorology of India in 1888. By John Eliot, M. A. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Government of India, Meteor. Department. Catalogue of Mysore Coins in the collection of the Government Museum, Bangalore. By Captain R. H. Campbell Tufnell, M. S. C , F. Z. S. Svo. Madras, 1889. Government Museum, Bangalore. A Monograph of Oriental Cicadidfe. By W. L. Distant. Published by order of the Trustees of the Indian Museum. Part II. 4to. London, 1889. Indian Museum. Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science, Seventh Series, II — III. The Establishment of Municipal Govern- ment in San Francisco. By Bernard Moses, Ph. D. Svo. Balti- more, 1889. . IV. Municipal History of New Orleans. By William W. Howe. Svo. Baltimore, 1889. . V — VI. English Culture in Vii^ginia. By William P. Trent, M. A. Svo. Baltimore, 1889. . VIT — IX. The River Towns of Connecticut : Wethers- field, Hartford, and Windsor. By Charles M. Andrews. Svo. Baltimore, 1889. Dissertations presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Board of University Studies of the Johns Hopkins University : — The Copulative Conjunctions Que, Et, Atque, in the Inscriptions of the Republic, in Terence, and in Cato. By H. C. Elmer, Ph. D. Svo. Baltimore, 1887. A Contribution to the Arch^an Geology of Missouri. By Erasmus Haworth, M. S. Svo. Minneapolis, Minn, 188S. Paranitro-Sulpho-Benzoic Acid and some of its derivatives. By J. H. Kastle. Svo. Baltimore, 1888. Researches on the stability of the Alkyl Bromides. By Felix Lengfeld. Svo. Baltimore, 1888. The Atomic Weight of Zinc as determined by the composition of the Oxide. By William M. Burton. Svo. Baltimore, 1889. Oi'tho-Sulpho-Benzoic Acid and some of its derivatives. By A. R. L. Dohme. Svo. Baltimore, 1889. On Phthalic Sulphinide and some of its derivatives. By Chas. W. Moulton. Svo. Baltimore, 1889. 156 Library. [April, Line Conoruences. By W, C, L. Gorton (Reprinted from American Journal of Mathematics, Vol. X, No. 4.) 4to. Some Effects of Electrically stimulating Ganglion Cells. By C. F. Hodge, (Reprinted from American Journal of Psychology). 8vo. Baltimore, 1889. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. Memoria presentada Al Congreso de la Union por el Secretario de Estado y del despacho de Eomento, Colonizacion, Industria y Com- mercio, de la Republica Mesicana, General Carlos Pacheco. Corres- ponde a los anos Trascurridos de Enero de 188.3 a Juno de 1885. Tome I— II. 4to. Mexico, 1887. Obseevatorio Meteorologico Magnetico Central, Mexico. Twenty-fifth Annual Report of the Sanitary Commissioner with the Government of India, for 1888. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Sanitary Commissioner to the Govt, of India. A Grammar of the Arabic Language, translated from the German of Caspari, with numerous additions and corrections. By William Wright. 8vo. London, 1862. A Grammar of the Persian Language, with a selection of easy extracts for reading ; vocabulary and translations. Fourth edition. By Duncan Forbes, A. M. 8vo. London, 1869. Records of the Gupta Dynasty. By Edward Thomas, F. R. S. Fcp. London, 1876. A View of the History and Coinage of the Parthians, with descrip- tive catalogues and tables, and a set of engravings of coins. By John Lindsay. 4to. Cork, 1852. V. A. Smith, Esq., 0. S. Scientific Memoirs by Medical Officers of the Army of India, Part V, 1890. 4to. Calcutta, 1890. Surgeon General with the Govt, of India. Transactions of the Wagner Free Institute of Science of Philadelphia, Vol. II. 8vo. Philadelphia, 1889. Wagner Free Institute of Science, Philadelphia. The English Sparrow (Passer Domesticus) in North America, especially in its relations to Agriculture. (U. S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Economic Ornithology and Mammalogy, Bulletin I). By Walter B. Barrows. Svo. Washington, 1839. J. M. Rusk, Esq. Monographs of the United States Geological Survey of Washington, Vol. XIII, Geology of the Quicksilver deposits of the Pacific slope. 1890.] Library. 157 By George F. Becker. Vol. XIV, Fossil Fistes aud Fossil Plants of the Triassic Rocks of New Jersey and the Connecticut Valley. By John S. Newberry. 4to. Washington, 1888. United States Geological Survey, Washington. Transactions of the Astronomical Observatory of Yale Univei'sity, Vol. I, Part II. 4to. New Haven, 1889. Yale University, New Haven. j-^ERioDicALS Purchased. Calcutta. Indian Medical Gazette,— Vol. XXV, No. 2, February, 1890. Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, — Tome XXIII, No. 2. Leeds. The Journal of Conchology,— Vol. VI, No. 4, October, 1889. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie, —Band XXXIX, Heft 2. . . Beiblatter, Band XIV, Stiick 2. London. The Chemical News,— Vol. LXI, Nos. 1577-1580. . The Nineteenth Century,— Vol. XXVII, No. 157, March, 1890. . The Society of Arts,— Journal, Vol. XXXVIII, Nos. 1943— 1946. Paris. Revue Scientifique, — Tome XLV, Nos. 7 — 9. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL, For M.AY, 1890. The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday, the 7tli May, 1890, at 9-15 p. m. H. Beveridge, Esq., C. S., President, in the Chair. The following members were present: — Babii Saratchandra Das, Prince Jahan Qadr Muhammad Wiiliid All, Bahadur, W. H. Miles, Esq., Babii Asutosh Mukhopadhyay, L. de Niceville, Esq., Dr. P. K. Ray, Pandit Haraprasad Shastri, Dr. J. H. Tull Walsh, Colonel J. Waterhouse, J. Wood-Mason, Esq. The minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. Twenty-four presentations were announced, details of which are given in the Library List appended. The following gentlemen are candidates for election at the next meeting : Robert P. Heilgers, Esq., proposed by C. L. Griesbach, Esq., second- ed by J. Wood-Mason, Esq. Babii Man Mohan Chakravaiti, M. A., B. L., Deputy Magistrate, Puri, proposed by Babu Asutosb Mukhopadhyay, seconded by C. Little, Esq. The following gentlemen have intimated their wish to withdraw from the Society : — Lieutenant Eaton W. Petley. R. R. Bayne, Esq. \' 160 Pliilological Secretary — Reports on old coins. [May, The Seceetary reported tlie death of the following member — Dr. N. K. Roy. The President announced that the Council had sanctioned the following amounts of subscriptions due by members being written oif, viz., Dr. J. E. T. Aitchison, Rs. 42. A. C. Carlleyle, Esq., Rs. 78-6-6. Major H. H. Cole, Rs. 68-13-6. The Philological Secretary read the following reports on finds of Treasure Trove coins. I. Report on 24 old coins, forwarded by the Deputy Commissioner of Shahpur, witli his No. 134, dated 7th February 1890. The coins are all of copper of various sizes and Aveights. They are stated to have heen found near the village of Hadali in the Shahpur District. Only three of the coins are recognizable, and even these are in bad preservation. The remainder are w^orn beyond recognition. Of the three coins which can be determined, two are Indo-Scythian, of king Kanishka, with the well-known N'ANA and OKPO reverses ; see Ariana Antiqtta, PL XII, tigs. 12, 17. The third appears to be a Kashmiri coin of Mahmud. II. Report on 108 old coins, forwarded hy the Deputy Com- missioner of Shahpur, with his No. 948, dated the 9th ISTovember 1889. The coins are stated to have been found at Sodhi in the Salt Range. They are all coins of precisely the same description as another set of 196 coins which were sent for examination some time ago, and have heen reported on by me on the 25th Sept. 1889. The two sets were found at the same place, and appear to have belonged to the same ti'ea- sure. They are small copper (mixed with silver) coins of ths Pathan Sultan of Delhi, Giiiyasu-d-din, described in Thomas's Chronicles of the Pathan Kings of Delhi, p. 135, No. 113 (pi. II, fig. 43). III. Report on 326 old coins, forwarded by the Subdivisional Ofiicer, Rajmahal, Sonthal Parganahs, with his No. 741, dated 19th December 1889. In the letter of the Secretary to the Govt, of Bengal, No. ^^^^ Misc., dated 26th October 1889, and addressed to the Commissioner of the Bhagalpur Division and Santhal Parganahs, with reference to this treasure, it is stated, that the coins were found in September 1889 on the banks of the river Ganges at Begamganj in the Rajmahal Sub- division of the Santhal Parganahs. Together with them were found 49 1890.] Pliilological Sccr:'taiy — Reports on old coins. 161 otlier coins wliicli were considered to be new and. of British mintage, and wliicli accordingly were returned to the finder. But the 326 pieces, now under report, being considered to be okl and not of British mint- age, were confiscated to Government, and forwarded to the Asiatic Society for examination. On examination, however, it was found, that these 326 coins, though appai'antly of an older description, are nevertheless coins of British mintage. They all belong to the species of the old standard sikka Rupees which were struck by the East India Company in the Calcutta Mint, in the name of Shah 'A'lam, under the regulations in force from 1793-D818. They are distinguished by the oblique milling of their edges, and by showing on the reverse the 19th year of Shah 'A'lam. They have been fully described by Prinsep in his Useful Tables, and by Mr. Thurston, Superintendent of the Central Museum, Madras, in his History of the Coinage of the Territories of the East India Company in the Indian Peninsula, pp. 38-44', where see Plate II, IV. Report on 100 old silver coins, forwarded by the Deputy Commissioner of Buldana, with his N'o. 849, dated 28th March 1890. The Deputy Commissioner states in his N"o. 2038, dated 23rd July 1889, that a copper vessel containing 560 specimens of a kind of native silver coin was found buried in the earth at Amrapur, a village in the Buldana District. The coins were estimated to be worth about Rs. 150. One hundred specimens were forwarded to me. These coins belong to the class commonly designated " Indo- Sassanian." Among the natives they are said to be known as Gadhid kd paisd. They show the crude forms, on the obverse, of a head, and on the reverse, of a fii-e altar, both ixuitated from the proper Sassanian coins. Their exact attribution is not yet known. It is probable, however, that they formed a local currency in Western India, after the downfall of the Gupta empire, i. e., after the 6th century A. D. Coins of this description have been found at various times and in more or lesa large quantities. V. Report on a gold coin and two gold ringlets, forwarded by the Offg. Collector of Murshidabad, with his No. 2128 G, dated 25th March 1890. The Offg. Collector states in his No. 1442 G, dated the 19th Nov- ember 1889, that a little girl, while picking up snails on the side of a public road, found nine gold coins and tAvo gold ringlets. Probably they had been washed out of the soil by the rains, or exposed by other physical causes. Only one of the nine coins could be recovered, the 162 Philological Secretary — Ueports on old coins. [M^Y, others having been already melted down, by the time the find became known to the police. This coin and the ringlets have been acquired for Government by the Collector, under sec. 16 of Act YI of 1878, under the Board's sanction No. 68 A of 8th February last; and have been forwar- ded to me for safe custody. With reference to the coin and ringlets I may repeat what I wrote to the Collector on the 11th December last. The coin is a barbarous imitation of the coinage of the Indo-Scythian king Vasu Deva; it is cast in a mould, not struck from a die ; it is also of short weight (113 grains instead of 120 and upwards). It may not have been intended for a coin, but for an ornament. There can be no question, however, of its being of ancient manufacture. One of the ringlets is of a pattern which is unknown at the present day. (Both coin and ringlets are now deposited in the Indian Museum in Calcutta.) YI. Report on 40 old silver coins, forwarded by the Offg. Collector of the 24-Perganahs, with his No. 3475 G, dated the 26th March 1890. The coins are stated to have been found buried in the compound of a house in Rajkolah in Thannah Deyganga, Subdivision Baraset. They are said to weigh 37 tolahs and 9 annas, and to be worth Rs. 32/14, On examination, I found that they are coins of some of the indepen- dent Sultans of Bengal. They are, as usual with coins of this class, dis- figured and cut with " shrofE-marks," a circumstance which makes their identification sometimes a matter of difiiculty. In the present case, the coins belong to the following Sultans : — No. of specimens. 1, XIYth Sultan, Shamsu-d-dIn Yusuf Shah, son of Barbak Shah, 879—836 A. H. = 1474—1481 A. D. There is only one specimen of his coin, as described and figured in Marsden's Nii,mismata Orientalia, No. DCCLXXYI ; and Journal, Asiat. Soc. Beng., Yol. XY, plate Y, No. 14. It is dated [8]83 1 2, XYIIIth Sultan, Saifu-d-din Firuz Shah II, 892—895 A. H. =1487 — 1490 A. D. Only one specimen, as describ- ed and figm^ed in J. A. S. Bengal, Yol. XLII, p. 288. It is dated 892, which shows that the Sultan's reign ■ must have commenced as early as that year 1 3, XXIst Sultan, 'Alau-d-din Husain Sha'h, 899—927 A. H. = 1494 — 1521 A. D. Of his coinage there are 38 speci- mens belonging to several varieties ; viz., a. A common variety, described and figured in Marsden's . 1890.] Philological Secretary — Beports on old coins. 163 Ntimismnta Orienfalia, No. DCCXOIII. Of this variety there are nine of the date 899 and mint Fathabad ; fourteen of the date 914 and mint Husainabad ; and four of the date 912, mint illegible, total 27 6. A rare variety, described and figured in Marsden's Num. Orient., Wo. DCCLXXIX ; of this there are thi^ee speci- mens, two of date 899, mint Fathabad ; and one of kliazanah72 (?) 3 c. A rare variety, described and figured in Journal As. Soc. Beng., Vol. XLII, p. 292, plate IX, fig. 9. There are three specimens of this variety, but neither date nor mint legible on any 3 d. A new variety, not published. There are two specimens, which read as follows : 2 Obv. Rev. l^,]>^ The second line is doubtful and the third is illegible ... 1 Total ... 40 1G4 D. Praia — List of Diamond Island Plants. [Mat, The following papers were read : — 1. Natural History Notes from U. il/.'s Indian Marine SiirveTj Steamer ** Investigator," Commander Hosktn, R. N. commanding. — No. 17. A List of Biamoyid Island Plants. — By D. Pkain. (Abstract.) This paper consisted of an introductory sketch of the vegetation of Diamond Island, off the coast of Arracan, followed by a list of 95 plants collected during a brief visit paid by the writer to the island in November 1889. After the list a tabular view of the distribution of the species was presented, the distribution witliin Transgangetic India being sub- divided as follows : — (a) Arracan, Chittagong, Assam ; (5) Pegu, Tenas- serira, Malay Peninsula ; (c) Andamans, Nicobars, Sumatra and Java. This subdivision was found necessary in order to explain the peculiar features of the flora of the island which, owing to the situation, i-epresents very well the area where these three lines of distribution meet and their species intermix. An analytic study of these tables in order to estimate numerically the comparative amounts of the influences of these three adjacent areas concluded the paper. The method adopted consisted in giving the number of species in each of the possible distributional ari'angements within these areas, and using these in succession as numerators ; as denominator in each case the number of areas involved was employed ; the addition of the resultant fractions affecting one area yielded a number that appeared to the writer to be indicative of the proportional influence of each area in the composition of the floi'a of the island. The following results were stated ; the total number of coast species being 20, of inland species being 38. • General. 1. Andamans — Nicobar Influence 27|, or 29-29 7o. 2. Pegu — Malayan 8. Assam — Arracan ditto ditto 34i, 32|, or or 36-14 34-57 7o. /o' 95 100 Inland species. 1. Andaman — Nicobar Influence n, or 24-56 %■ 2. Pegu — Malayan 3. Assam — Arracan ditto ditto 13|, or or 39-03 66-41 100 /o' 38 Coast species. 1. Andaman — Nicobar Influence 7A ' 3 or 38-34 /o' 2. Pegu — Malayan 3. Assam — Arracan ditto ditto 6^ or or CO CO 00 00 o o CO CO /o' 20 1000 1890.] M. Letliierry — Description of a new PsylUd. 165 2. Novicice Indicce II. An additional sjjecies of Ellipaiithus. — By D. Peain. (With a plate.) 3. Bust and Mildew in India. — By A. Barclay, M. B., Bengal Medical Service. These papers will be published in the Journal, Part II. 4. Description of a new Psyllid. — By M. Lethiekrt. Communicated hy E. T. Atkinson, Esq. In December last, Mr. R. C. Wroughton sent a Psyllid that was found to be attended by ants of the genus Camponotvs (probably C sylvaticiis, Olivier). He wrote that he found a tree simply covered with these insects. " They were all along the midribs of the leaves (beneath), and all over the young twigs, and the ants were also swarm- ing over the tree. The eggs of the insect were fixed in clusters on each side of the midrib, and were of a bright yellow." M. Lethierry has kindly identified the insect as a new species of Biapliorina. — E. T. A. DiAPHORiNA GUTTULATA, Lethierry. Caput et thorax lutea ; vertex lutens, duabus raaculis rotundatis fuscis ; sternum et dorsum rubescentia, dorsulum et mesonotum maculis longitudinalibas fuscis ; abdomen flavescens, supra fasciis nigro-fuscis, segmento genitali scepissime fusco : coni frontales subglobosi, 2/3 longitudinis verticis sequantes : autenufe latitudine verticis vix longiores, flavescentes, articulis basalibus fuscis, duobus terminalibus nigris : elytra 2| tarn longa quam lata, opaca, nigra, venis nigris, maculis numerosis albis conspersa, margine postico cellularum sex apicalium usque ad apicem clavi albo unimaculato : femora fusca, tibiis et tarsis flavis vel albidis, harum ultimo articulo nigro. — Long corjDoris 2 millim. cum elytris 3 millim. 6' 2 Variat : elytris albis, subhyalinis, maculis numerosis opacis nigris, venis nigris. B. Butoni, Low et propinquce, Low similis, major, elytris obscuriori- bus, venis nigris distiucta. Hab. Poona, Bombay. 5. 071 some Definite Integrals. — By Asdtosh Mdkhopadhyay, M. A., F. R. A. S , F. R. S. E. (Abstract.) 1. If two concentric ellipses of equal size and shape intersect each other, their common chords intersect orthogonally at the common centre and bisect the angles between the major axes of the ellipses. 2. The area of the curvilinear quadrilateral common to the two ellipses is 1 (2ah 1 ) 2ab tan < — -^— V i a'^ — b^ sin d ) 166 A. Mukhopadhyay — On some Definite Integrals. [Mat, wliere a, b are the semi-axes and 6 the angle between the major axes of the ellipses. 3. Noting that when z = I log z log r-— ^ = 0, I -r z it is shewn that I ' tan-i } r^^ -T^^ d9 -1 ^ 2^ 1 > *^^ Jn^si^^s 1 - z C z^ z^ > = log.log^ + 2 ^^+35+p+ ]■ 4. The average value of the curvilinear area common to the two curves is 4 i + a Dve integrals vi c/o o The connection of the above integrals with Schaelfer's integral \ {x) = — \ - log (1 - a) da. is pointed out. (See Grelle, t. XXX, 277—295). Pandit Haraprasad Sbastri read a short account of an old gun recently dug up at False Point. On the completion of the light house at False Point, about 1838, three guns seem to have been removed fx'ora the Old Fort at Cuttack and buried in the ground there for the purpose of setting up the rigging 1890.] Pandit H. P. Sbastri — On an old gtm from False Point. 167 of the Flagstaff. Two of these guns are reported to have no inscription on them, and are still at False Point. The third, which contains an inscription, has been removed to Calcutta and placed in Cajatain Petley's compound in Hastings, where every care is taken that the inscription is not injured, I examined the gun and the inscription towards the end of April. The gun is made in the old fashioned method of welding together a number of large iron rings three inches thick with an opening in the middle with a diameter of three inches* It is in fact a unique piece of Artillery. The inscription is written in a character intermediate between modern Bengali and the old Kutila. Some letters are quite Bengali, but others retain their Kutila form. For instance J is written 5f, D is written Jf, but I is written ^ and not ^. The inscription is let into the breech of the gun in brass letters. In many places these brass letters have alto- gether disappeared, leaving the indentures in the iron ; in other parts of the inscription the indentures could not be distinguished from the surface of the gun, owing to large corrosions caused by neglect and exposure iu the open air. As far as it can be made out it runs thus :— ililn^^cTf^ ;§i?i50®if%s^ 5i^t?itcs^ ^^ i ^ i ^\ + + + ^jT^JTTfJl tw^^3^£ftt3\ JTC^— ^b-o. Maharaja Jayadhvaja who is in heaven obtained this machine * * * a yavana in the year 4- 280. [^t^»T?3l with three letters lost before it, cannot be translated.] So, a Hindu chief obtained this gun from some European. The machine was new at the time as it had not got a specific name, and it was thought so strange that an inscription was placed upon it, and it was exhibited to the people. Who the Maharaja •was it is difficult to tell. He must have belonged to the large number of petty chiefs of Bengal who, after the Muhammadan conquest of this country, founded small States on the borders of Bengal and Orissa and became tributary to the latter. I have translated ^i{z'W . La Societe Zoologique de France, — Bulletin, Tome XIV, No. 10 et Tome XV, No. 1. Philadelphia. The Journal of Comparative Medicine and Veterinaiy Archives, Vol. XI, Nos. 3 and 4. Rio de Janeiro. Observatorio do Rio de Janeiro, — Revista do Observa- torio, Anno V, No. 1. 170 Lihrary. [Mat, Roiiie. La Societa Degli Spettroscopisti Italiani, — Memorie, Yol. XIX, Nos. 2 et 3. Roorkee. The Indian Forester,— Vol. XVI, Nos. 1—3. Taiping. Government of Perak. The Perak Government Gazette, Vol. Ill, Nos. 9—11, 1890. Toronto. Canadian Institute, — Annual Report, Session, 1888-9. Trieste. La Societa Adriatica di Scieuze Naturali in Trieste, — Bollet- tino, Tome XII. Turin. La R. Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, — Atti, Vol. XXV, Disp. 3" — 7^ et Eleuco Degli Accademici Residenti, Nazionali non Resident!, Stranieri e Corrispoudenti al 1° Gennaio, 1890. Vienna. Der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien, — Mittheilungen. Band XIX, Heft 4. • . Der K. K, Geologischen Reichsanstalt, — Verhandlungen, Nos. 3—5, 1890. • . Des K. K. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, — Annalen, Band. IV, No. 4. Books and Pamphlets, presented hy the Authors, Translators, Sfc. Bonaparte, Prince Roland. Le Glacier de 1' Atelsch et le lao de Miirjelen. 4to. Paris, 1889. . ". Le premier etablissement des Neerlandais a Maurice. 4to, Paris, 1890. MiTRA, Sarat Chandra, M. A., B. L. The Indian Museum and Indian Archteology. 8vo. Rat, Prat^p Chandra, C. I. E. The Mahabharata, translated into English Prose, Part LVII. 8vo. Calcutta, 1889. TopiNARD, Dr. Paul. La Societe, L' E'cole, Le Laboratoire et le Musee Broca. (A la memoire de Broca). 8vo. Paris, 1890. Miscellaneous JPresentations. Report of the first meeting of the Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science, held at Sydney, N. S. W., in August and September, 1888. Vol. I, 1887. 8vo. Sydney, 1889. Australasian Association for the advancement of Science, N. S. Wales, Sydney. Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum, Part III. Containing the order Chelonia. By R. Lydekker, B. A., F. G. S. 8vo. London, 1889. ■1890.] Lihrcmj. 171 A Guide to the Mineral Gallery of the British Museum (Natural History,) Loudon. 8vo. Loudon, 1889. British Museum, London. Astronomical Observations made at the Observatory of Cambridge for the years 1866—1869, Vol. XXII. 4to. Cambridge, 1890. Cambridge Observatory. Rappoi-t du Couseil General des Facultes 1888-89 AM. le Miuistre de r Instruction Publique et des Beaux Arts. (Extrait de la Revue lutemiationale de 1' Enseignement, t. XIX.) 8vo. Paris, 1890. CONSEIL Ge'Ne'rAL DES FaCULTe's DE PaRIS. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Birds, Vol. I. By Eugene W. Gates. 8vo. London, 1889. Government of Bengal, The Avifauna of British India and its dependencies. By James A. Murray, F. S. A. L., Vol. II, Part IV. 8vo. Bombay, J 890. Despatches and Papers in 1889 relating to the testing of arms in the hands of the Troops in India. Fcp., London, 18s9. The Indian Antiquary, Vol. XVIII, No. 227, November, 1889. Vol. XIX, No. 230, January 1890. 4to. Bombay, 1890. Report of the Proceediogs of the Conference on Indian Wheat Impuri- ties, held at the India Office on the 8th May, 1889. Fcp. London, 1889. Report of the Royal Commission on the Blind, the Deaf and Dumb of the United Kingdom. Vol. II, Aj)pendix. Fcp., London, 1889. . Vol. Ill, Minutes of Evidence, with list of witnesses. Fcp. London, 1839. Vol. IV, Alphabetical Digests to the Minutes of Evi- dence. Fcp. London, 1889. Return of Contract between the Secretary of State for India and the Bombay-Burma Trading Corporation referring to the Teak Forests of Upper Burma, and correspondence relating thereto. Fcp. London, 1889. Statistical Abstract relating to British India from 1878-9 to 1887-8. Svo. London, 1889. Government of India, Home Department. Cyclone Memoirs, Part II. Bay of Bengal Cyclone of August 21st — 28th, 1888. By J. Eliot, Esq., M. A. 8vo. Calcutta, 1890. Government of India, Meteor. Department. 172 Library. [May, Indian Museum Notes, Vol I, No. 3, Silkworms in India. By E. C. Cotes. 8vo. Calcutta, 1890. Indian Museum. Triibner's Record, 3rd Series, Vol. I, Part 6. 8vo. London, 1890. Trubner & Co. JPeF^IODICALS Pai\CHASED, Berlin. Deutsche Litteraturzeitung, — Jalirgang X, Nr. 52, Jalirgang XI, Nrn. 1 — 8, und Mitarbeiter an Jalirgang X. — — — . Orientaliscbe Bibliograpnie, — Band III, Hefte 8 et 9. . Zeitscbrift fur Etbuologie,— Heft 5, 1889. Calcutta. Calcutta Review,— Vol. XC, No. 180. . Indian Medical Gazette,— Vol. XXV, No. 3. Cassel. Botaniscbes Centralblatt, — Band XL, Heft 13, Band XLI, Heft 1—7. Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, — Tome XXIII, No. 3. Gottingen. Der Konigl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, — Gottin- gische Gelehrte Anzeigen, Nr. 26, 1889, Nrn. 1—3, 1890. . . Nachrichten, Nrn. 20—21, 1889, Nr. 1, 1890, und Register, 1889. Leeds. The Journal of Concbology, — Vol. VI, Nos. 5 and 6. Leipzig. Aunalen der Physik und Chemie, — Band XXXIX, Heft 3. . . Beibliitter, Band XIV, Stiick, 3. . Literarisches Centralblatt, — Nrn. 2 — 9, 1890 und Register, 1889. Leyden. Internationales Archiv f iir Ethnographic, — Band II, Heft 6. London. Mind,— Vol. XV, No. 58. ■ . The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, — Vol. V, Nos. 26 and 27. . . Tbe Chemical News,~Vol. LXI, Nos. 1581— 1586. . The Entomologist,— Vol. XXIII, Nos. 321 and 322. . The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 2nd Series, — Vol. I, Nos. 2 and 3. . The Ibis, 6th Series,— Vol. II, No. 5. . The Journal of Botany,— Vol. XXVIIl, Nos 325 and 326. .»__«. The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine, —Vol. XXIX, Nos. 177 and 178. . The Messenger of Mathematics, — Vol. XIX, Nos. 7—11. . The Nineteenth Century,— Vol. XXVII, No. 158. . The Numismatic Chronicle,— Vol. IX, (3«i Series), No. 36. 1890.] Library. 173 London. The Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, — Vol. XXX, Part 4. : The Quarterly Journal of pure and aj)plied Mathematics, — Vol. XXIV, No. 95. . Rhoijalocera Exotica, — Part 11 January, 1890. . The Society of Arts,— Journal, Vol. XXXVIII, Nos. 1947— 1952. New Haven. The American Journal of Science, — 'Vol. XXXIX (3»''i Series), Nos. 229 and 230. Paris. L' Academie des Sciences, — Comptes Rendus des Seances,— Tome CIX, No. 27 et Tome CX, Nos. 1—7. . Annales de Ohimie et de Physique, — Tome XIX, (6™*^ Serie), Janvier et Fevrier 1890. . Joui^nal des Savants, — Decombre 1889 et Janvier, 1890. . Revue Critique d' Histoire et de Litterature, — Tome XXVIII, No. 52 et Tome XXIX, Nos. 1—6 et Tables, Tome XXVIII. . Revue Scientifique, — Tome XLV, Nos. 10 — 16. . Revue de Linguistique et de Philologie Comparee, — Tome XXIII, Fascicule 1. Vienna. Vienna Oriental Journal, — Vol. IV, No. 1. J300KS Pui\CHASED. Lagrange, Fernand, M. D. Physiology of Bodily Exercise (The In- ternational Scientific Series, Vol. LXVII.) 8vo. London, 1889. M iJLLEE, F. Max. The Sacred Books of the East, Vol. XXXIII. The Minor Law Books, translated by Julius Jolly, Part I. Narada. Brihaspati. 8vo. Oxford, 1889. . . . Voi. XXXIV. Tbe Vedanta- Sutras, with the commentary by S ankaraAarya, translated by George Thibaut, Part I. 8vo. Oxford, 1889. Tholuce, F. a. G. Bhiithensammlung aus der Morgenlandischen Mystik. Svo. Berlin, 1825. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL, For June 1890, The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday that 4th Juno 1890, at 9-15 p. m. H. Beveridge, Esq., C. S., President, in the chair. The following members were present : Dr. J. R. i^die, Dr. A. W. Alcock, Babu Gaurdas Bysack, Babu Saratchandra Das, 0. L. Griesbach, Esq., Dr. Hoernle, Dr. W. King, Rev. Father E. Lafont, T. H. D. La Touche, Esq., W. A. Lee, Esq., Babu Asutosh Mukhopadhyay, T. R. Munro, Esq., Major J. H. Sadler, Dr. J. H. Tull Walsh, Colonel J. Waterhouse. Visitors, Colonel P. Fitz G. Gallwey, R. A. H. Haward, Esq. The minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. Nineteen Presentations were announced, details of which are given in the Library List aijpended. The following gentlemen, duly proposed and seconded at the last meeting of the Society, w^ere balloted for and elected Ordinary Mem- bers. Robert P. Heilgers, Esq. Babu Man Mohan Chakravarti, B. A., B. L. The following gentlemen are candidates for election at the next meeting : — T. W. Arnold, Esq., M. A. 0. College, Aligarh, proposed by E. J. Kitts, Esq., seconded by C, Little, Esq. S 176 Col. Waterlioiise — Photograph of a flash of lightning. [June, W. 0. Bonnerjee, Esq., (for re-election) Barrister at Law, proposed by Babu Gaurdas Bysack, seconded by C. Little, Esq. Babu T. N. Mnkharji, Assistant Cnrator, Economic Section, Indian Museum, proposed by Col. J. Waterhouse, seconded by C. Little, Esq. P. Donaldson, Esq. (for re-election), proposed by Col. J. Water- house, seconded by C. Little, Esq. The following gentlemen have intimated their wish to withdraw from the Society: — Colonel A. C. Toker. J. W. Parry, Esq., C. E. The Secretary reported the death of the following member : A. Grant, Esq., (Life Member). The President announced that a proposal had been made by the Calcutta Photographic Society to rent two rooms on the ground floor of the building for Rs. 60 a month, and that the Council had decided in favour of the arrangement. The details had not been settled yet, but it had been decided that the rooms should be let. They were not wanted by the Asiatic Society, and by letting them a desirable increase would be made to our monthly income. At present we had no fund for the repairs of the building, and the Rs. 60 a month would be useful for this purpose. Colonel Waterhouse exhibited a photograph of a flash of lightning taken on the evening of the 18th May by Mr. H. Haward, Head Assis- tant in the Photographic OflBce, Survey of India. He said — the principal interest attaching to the picture is the remarkable closeness of the flash which Mr. Haward says was within 25 yards of him, and is clearly seen to the left of the picture running between the camei-a and a house about forty yards away. x4iiiother peculiarity in the flash is the succession of bright points at intervals indicative of more intense electrical action at those points. The brighter flashes to the right were taken first and then the near flash took place, but the whole exposure was not more than two seconds. Colonel Waterhouse also exhibited a bottle of solution of silicate of soda from which the silica had separated out in agate-like layers at the lower part of the bottle. He said — I do not know exactly how long I have had this bottle, but most probably since 1881 and possibly earlier. It was lying for many years in a corner of a glass cupboard in No. 1, Wood Street, near a west window, where it would be ex- posed to light on one side during the time the office was open daily ; 1890.] Col. "Wafcerhou.'?e — Agale-lllce furmatiuu in Silicate of Soda. 177 but whether light has had anything to do with the decomposition of the solution and the formation of the deposit, it is impossible to say, and it is uncertain even whether the side of the bottle which shows the formation was continuously exposed to light. Towards the end of 1883 a fire took place in the room in which this bottle was kept, and it and other chemicals in the same place were exposed to a very gi'eat heat in a closed-up room. I did not at the time notice any change in the silicate solution — nor do I recollect when I first did notice the formation, but it was at least some three or four years ago : the deposit was then well formed, and no particular change has been noticeable since, except that the upper part of the solution, which then was clear, is now clouded and beginning to solidify. The bottle ap- pears never to have been opened since it came, but it is now cracked in the upper part and air might have access to the contents. The bottle may have cracked from the heat at the time of the fire. I am indebted to Dr. W. King and Mr. Lake of the Geological Survey for kindly helping me in looking up the literature of the sub- ject, and from a memo, by the latter, it appears that solutions of alkaline silicates are prone to deposit silica in a gelatinous form by keeping. In one somewhat similar case of deposit in a bottle, the deposit contained 97-G Si Og and 2-4 Na Og in 100. The causes that bring about this deposition are : — (1.) Cooling of the solution. (2.) Evaporation. (3 ) Access of air containing COo. (4.) Contact with certain silicates (e. g., glass) in which the acid is not saturated and which therefore tend to remove alkali from the solution (?). (5.) Silica is also precipitated by almost all acids and many salts. Except in the case of the fire the solution has been exposed to no extremes of temperature, beyond the ordinary seasonal changes between 60° and 94° ; so that cause (1) could not have had any very great effect in producing the change except at the time of the fire. The bottle having been closed there has been no sensible evapora- tion, nor except by the crack could air with COg have had access to the solution and then only in veiy small quantities. No acids or other re- agents have been added — so that the only remaining possible cause of the deposition of silica is the decomposition of the glass of the bottle itself, and this seems most probable. Herr 0. Maschke, who has particularly studied the separation of crystallised silica from watery solutions (see Pog. Annalen, cxlv), does not appear to have noted upon depositions by lapse of time, as in the 178 Philological Secretary — Reports on old coins. [June, present case — but he says that by strongly heating a solution of sodium silicate in glass tubes the glass is attacked layer by layer and silica is dissolved, forming a more acid sodium silicate. This compound is changed again by cooling into a more basic silicate by the deposition of silica in the form of nodules. The glass by losing silica is converted, layer by layer, into a more basic silicate, which by taking up water is ultimately transformed into a stratified zeolitic substance. At about 180° and above, free silica sepai'ates from alkaline solu- tions in the form of quartz ; below 180° in that of tridyraite ; at still lower temperatures as crystallised, and finally as amorphous hydrate of silica. From this it would seem most probable that the fire may have been the original cause of the stratified deposit — but the origin of the curious pentagonal nucleus, clear in the centre and almost opaque white around within the first layer, with the broken strata and generally circular formation above is not apparent, unless it may possibly have been due to a small fragment of glass falling from the crack above into the solu- tion. Nor is it clear why the deposit should be almost entii'ely on one side of the bottle — unless that side was exposed to greater heat from the fire or to the light falling on it for years. I am very sorry that I have no more positive data to give towai'ds finding out the actual causes that have been at work in this instance — however, I thought it might be of interest to record it in the hope that other members better ac- quainted with the subject, might be able to throw some light upon them. The Philological Secretary read the following reports on finds of Treasure Trove Coins : I, Report on 25 old coins forwarded by the Deputy Commissioner of Rawal Pindi, with his No. 613, Gr, dated 7th March 1888. The coins are stated to have been found by a man, while grazing sheep and goats, buried in the village common land, in an earthen vessel near the hamlet Hashu of village Dhangdeo, Tahsil Gujar Khan, in the Rawal Pindi District. They are later Indo-Scythian coins of the Kida class, the issue probably of some chief of a Hunnic tribe, invading India. Many different varieties of this class of coins have been found, at various times, in different localities ; but a hoard of 62 coins of the very same variety as the present one, was found in the same year (1888) in the Bijnaar District, N.~W. Prov., a report on which is printed in the " Proceedings " of this Society for November 1888. The obverse shows the legends kula, kasha and kshaaatn, and the reverse has sola. Most of the specimens of the present find are in indifferent condition. They are a mixture of gold and silver. 1890.] Philological Secretary — Reports on oil coins. 179 II. Report on four old coins forwarded by the Secretary to Government N.-W. Prov. and Oudh, Financial Department, with his No. ^^ dated the 18th June 1889. x-25 The coins are stated to have been found in the village of Mahlotah Pargana Sandi, in the Hardoi district. They are of gold and silver mixed, and belong to the class of later Indo-Scy thian coins of the " Kida " type, and are probably an issue of one of the Hunnic leaders who invaded India in the 5th and 6th cen- turies A. D. Numerous varieties of these kida coins have been found at different times and at different places. Some of them are described in the Indian Antiquary, Vol. XII, p. 6 ; and in Prinsep's Indian Antiq- uities, Vol. I. A specimen of the particular variety to which these four coins belong, is figured on plate XXX, fig. 19, and described on p. 376. The figurement of it, however, is not good. Unfortunately none of the present four specimens are sufiiciently good to allow of their legends be- ing fully read. The obvei^se shows, as usual, the standing figure of tlie king, with Icida under his left arm ; under his right arm can be read W^ hardhana or perhaps ^^ vardhana, as on the coin in the Indian Antiquities. The reverse shows, as usual, the crude form of a seated goddess ; along the right-hand mai'gin, to be read from within, is a legend of five aksharas, the first two of which are distinctly ^gj S'ri-Kri ; the last is probably ya or a compound of ya (sya ?) ; the two medial ones are mutilated beyond recognition. The legend is rather better preserved on the coin figured in tbe Indian Antiquities, and has there been read as Krigodlidya, though Krigodhiya would probably be more correct. The traces on the present coins do not go against this readino- • but it rests on too unsatisfactory materials to be accepted. So much however, seems clear that the legend gave the name of some prince S'ri-Kri[godhiya ] Vardhana. It was hoped, that more specimens of these coins may have been found. That, however, as appears from the letter of the Secretary to 4143 Government, No. — — , dated 10th July 1889, is not the case. X '^5 III. Report on 33 old coins, forwarded by the Deputy Commis- sioner of Gurdaspur, with his No. 727 of the 31st March 1890. The Deputy Commissioner states that 25 of these coins were found in May 1888 in Sojanpur Tahsil, Pathankot, buried in a piece of cloth ; and that the other coins were found in Ratawal, in May 1889, buried in a brass pot. The coins are all rupees of Moghul mintage, except four which are of Sikh mintage, and one which is of Persian mintage. 180 Philological Secroiary — Meports on old coins. [June, Those of Moghul mintage belong to the following Sultans of Delhi : I, AuRANGziB, A. H. 1068-1118 = A. D. 1658-1707; of the ordinary type ; dates 1094, 1095 and 1112; mint of one Ndrnol, of two others illegible. 3 II, Farrukh Sitae, A. H. 1124-1131 = A. D. 1712-1719, type : Farrukli in top line; date illegible ; mint Bdru-l-Khildfat Shah Jahdndbdd. 1 III, Muhammad Shah, A. H. 1181-1161 = A. D. 1719-1748, 1, type: Sdhib Qirdn ; date incomplete on all ; mint of all Ddru- l-Khildfa t Shdh Jahdndbdd ; 7 2, type: Bddslulh Qjidzi ; dates 1132, 1156, on othei's incomplete; mint on five Bdru-s-Saltanat Ldhor, on one Mursliiddbad, on one Akbardbdd ; 7 IV, Ahmad Sha'h Bahadur, A. H. 1161-1167 = A. D. 1748- 1754, type: Bahadur at top of first line; dates 1161, 1165, 1164, two illegible ; mint of three Bdru-s-Saltanat Ldhor, of one Mnhammaddbdd-Banares, of one Etdiod. 5 V, 'A'lamgir Za'ni', a. H. 1167-1173 = A. D. 1754-1759; ordi- nary type ; date incomplete; mint Bdru-s-Saltanat Ldhor. 1 VI, Sha'h 'Alam, A. H. 1173-1221 = A. D. 1759-1806. 1, type, ordinary: date 1196, others illegible; mint of one Ldhor {?), of another Saharanimr. 3 2, type, new : date [111]9, mint Tattah ; the verse on its obv. runs as follows : }$Liolj ^fei*/o ^^Iklw ^il'i ^[^ }(l«^ 1 The coins of Sikh mintage belong to the following Maharajas : I, Maha Singh, father of Ranjit Singh, or of his time ; date 1839 Samvat = 1783 A. D. Mint Sr-i Amritsar. Like No. 4 in Mr. Rodgers' jiaper on the Sikh coins in Journal A. S. B., Vol. L, p. 81, (PI. V, 4) : but the reverse reads only (ArS A^-w 1 II, Ranjit Singh, 1792-1839 A. D. Type: marked with a leaf on reverse, as published by Mr. Rodgers, ibid., pp. 85, 86 (Plate V, 17); dates 1801, 1872, 1874 Samvat ( = A. D. 1805, 1816, 1818) ; mint Sri Amritsar. 3 1890.] Pliilological Secretary — Iteports on old coins. 181 One coin of Persian mintage belongs to Nadir Shait, and was struck by hira after his invasion and conquest of India in 1151 A. H (1738 A. D.). It bears date 1160, and mint Pasbawer. Similar coins have been published by Mr. Kodgers in the Numismat- ic Chronicle, Illd Series, Vol. II, p. 325. 1 Total 33 IV. Report on 1004 old copper coins, forwarded by the Deputy Commissioner of Jalandhar, with his No. 592, dated 7tli March 1889, No. 681, dated 21st May 1889, No. 1225 dated 14th October 1889, and No. 181, dated 5th February 1890. These coins are stated to have been found in a field about 30 or 40 yards to the east of the old and ruined "' pacca " fort (hot 1) of Muhammad Amin, in the coux'se of levelling it for cultivation. Originally one coin was found by the diggers, which led to a police investigation, with the result that 8,950 coins were discovered in a loose condition. On examination, all the coins proved to belong to the three first members of the Imperial Suri family, Sher Shah, Islam Shah, and Muhammad 'Adil Shah, whose reign extended over a period of about 16 years, from 1540 to 1556 A. D. All the coins belong to the species of copper coins called dthn, which are equal in weight to about 3 modern paisas. They were found to be of a very large number of types and varieties, as set out below : — A, Sher Shah, A. H. 947-952 = A. D. 1540-1545. Type I, square areas with marginal sections on both obverse and reverse : Variety 1, area inscinptions, as on Nos. 356, 357 in Thomas' Chronicles of the Pathdn Kings of Delhi. Sub-variety a, date on obverse area (No. 356) : Mint Gwaliyar, of 2 variations, ... 94 Agra, of do ... 51 Alwar ... ... 44 Shirgarh ... 60 Sambhal ... 19 Total th-variefy h, date on obverse margin (No. 35 Mint Narnol, of 2 variations, ... 128 H iscir, of do. ... 75 Kalpi, of do. ... 20 Malot ... ... 16 Shirgarh ... 3 268 Total ... 242 182 Philological Secretary — Beports on old coins. [.Tune, Variety 2, obverse legend as on Variety 1, but reverse legend has &ii\ e : lettered surfaces, with legends exactly as on No. 366, in Thomas' ChronicJes ... ... ... ... 32 Grand total of all coins ...1004 V. Repoi't on 6 so-called " double Rupees," forwai'ded by the Col- lector of Patna with his No. 2658 R, dated the 18th January 1889. The Collector states in his No. 2034 R, of the 8th November 1887, addressed to the Commissioner of Patna, that on the 23i'd June 1887, a treasure consisting of " 6 double sikka and 39 kalledar sikka " old 184 Lihranj. [JuNE, silver coins, were found in the sudder sub-division vrhile breaking the walls of the houses acquired for railway purposes at Digha. Of this treasure only the 6 coins, designated as " double sikka rupees " were forwarded to me, at my request, for examination. On examination, however, they turned out to be common rupees of British mintage. Rupees, of this kind, i. e., with straight milling, were struck between the years 1818 — 1832, by the East India Company in the name of Shah 'A'lam. See Mr. Thurston's History of the Coinages of the East India Company, p. 42. The following papers were read — 1. Some new and little knoivn Hot Springs in Sotith Bihar. — By L. A. Waddell, M. B. The paper will be printed in the Journal, Part II. 2. An account of the different hierarchical governments ivhich pre- vailed in Tibet from 1045 to 1645 A. D. when the sxipremacy of the Dalai Lama tvas established by Oiishi Klian. — By Babu Saratchandba Das. 3. 0)1 the Copper Coins of the Silri Dynasty. — By Dr. A. F. Rudolf HoEKNLE (with 3 plates). 4. On some neiv or rare Hindi and Muhammadan Coins. No. II. — By Dr. A. F. Rudolf Hoernle (with 2 plates). 5. A descriptive Catalogue of the Central Asiatic Coins in the Indian Museum collected by Capt. A. F. de Laessoe, — By Dr. A. F. Rudolf Hoernle, (with 2 plates). These papers will be printed in the Journal, Part I. LlBRAR,Y. The following additions have been made to the Library since the meeting held in May last. Transactions, Pi^ceedings and Journals, •' presented by the respective Societies and Editors. BMtimore. Johns Hopkins University, — Circulars, Vol. IX, No. 80. Berlin. Konenklijke Natuur Kundige Vereeniging in Nederlandsch- Indie, — Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indie, Deel XLIX. Calcutta, Geological Survey of India, — Memoirs, Vol, XXIV, Part 2. 1890.] Library. 185 Calcutta. Geological Survey of India, — Records, Vol. XXIII, Part 2. . Indian Engineei-ing, — Vol. VII, Is'os. 19 — 22. — . Photographic Society of India, — Journal, Vol. Ill, l^os. 5and 6. Florence. La Societa Africana d' Italia, — Bullettino, Tome VI, Fasci- colo 1° e 2°. Graz. Des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines f iir Steiermark, — Mitthei- lungen, Jahrgang, 1889. The Hague. Koninklijk Instituut voor de Taal- Land-en Volkenkunde van JSTederlandsch-Indie, — Bijdragen tot de Taal-Land-en Volken- kunde van Nederlandsch- Indie, Deel V, Aflevering 2. Ithaca. Cornell University, — Library Bulletin, Vol. II, No. 12. Leipzig. Der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, — Zeitschrift, Band XLIV, Heft 1. London. Geological Society, — Address delivered at the Anniversary Meeting x)n the 21st February 1890. . Institution of Electrical Engineers, — Joui'nal, Vol. XTX, No. 86. . Nature,— Vol. XLI, No. 1069, Vol. XLII, Nos. 1070—1072. . The Academy,— Nos. 938—941. . The Atheneeum,— Nos. 3261—3264. Mendon, Illinois, The American Antiquai^ian and Oriental Journal, — Vol. XII, No. 2. Mexico, Observatorio Meteoroldgico-Magnetico Central de Mexico, — Boletin Mensual, Tomo II, No. 5 et 6. — . La Sociedad Cientifica " Antonio Alzate," — Memorias, Tomo III, No. 4—6. Pains. La Societe de Geographie, — Compte Rendu des Seances de la Commission Centrale, Nos. 7 et 8, 1890. Pisa. La Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali, — Atti, Vol. VII. Rio de Janeiro. Observatorio do Rio de Janeiro, — Revista do Obser- vatorio, Anno V, No. 3. Rome, La Societa Degli Spettroscopisti Italiani, — Memoire, Vol, XIX, No. 4, St. Petersburg. Le Jardin Imperials de Botanique, — Acta, Horti Petro- politani, Tomus XI, No. 1. ■ . La Societe des Naturalistes de Kiew,— Memoires, Tome X, No. 2. Sydney. Linnean Society of New South Wales, — Proceedings, 2nd. Series, Vol. IV, Part 4. Taiping. Government of Perak. — The Perak Government Gazette, Vol. Ill, Nos. 12—14. l86 Library. [June, Miscellaneous Pi^sentations. Taj-i-Farrokhi, by the N'awab of Rampur. 4to. E, T. Atkinson, Esq., C. S. Report on the Police Administration of the Central Provinces for the year 1889. Fcp. Nagpur, 1890. Returns of the Rail-borne trade of the Central Provinces during the quarter ending 31st December 1889. Fcp. Nagpur, 1890. Chief Commissioner, Central Provinces. Las Aguas Minerales de Chile, por el Dr. L. Darapsky. 8vo. Val- paraiso, 1890. CoMisARiA General de la Exposicion Nacional, Santiago. Report of the Government Scientific Expedition to liellenden-Ker Range upon the Flora and Fauna of that part of the Colony. 8vo. Brisbane, 1889. Department of Agriculture, Brisbane. Report of the Central Park Menagerie for the year 1889. 8vo. New York, 1890. Department of Public Parks, New York. Returns of the Rail-borne trade of Bengal for the quarter ending the 31st December 1889. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Government of Bengal. Army Estimates of effective and non-effective services for 1890-91. Fcp. London, 1890. Copies of, or Extracts from. Correspondence relating to the Numbers and Functions of the several Councils in India. Fcp. London, 1890. The Indian Antiquary,— Vol. XVIII, Part 228, December 1889 and Vol. XIX, Part 232, March 1890. 4to. Bombay, 1890. Memorandum of the Secretary of State relating to the Army Estimates, 1890-91. Fcp. London, 1890. Return of all Loans raised in England under the provisions of any Acts of Parliament, chargeable on the Revenues of India and outstanding at the commencement of the half-year ended on the 30th September 1889. Fcp. London, 18.^0. Returns of all Loans raised in India, chargeable on the Revenues of India, and outstanding at the commencement of the half-year ended on the 30th September, 1889. Fcp. London, 1890. Government of India, Home Department, Progress Report of A. Rea, M. R. A. S. on the Archseological Survey of Southern India, ending January, 1890. Fcp. Madras, 1890. Government of Madras. 1890.] Library. 187 Catalogue of the Manuscripts in the Persian, Arabic and Turkish Languages to be found in the Public Library of Turkistan. 8vo. Turkestan, 1889. GovEKNOR General of Turkestan, Brief Sketch of the Meteorology of the Bombay Presidency in 1888- 89. Fop. Bombay, 1889. Meteorological Reporter for Western India. Viridarium Norvegicum. Norges Visxtrige et Bidrag til Nord-Europas Natur-og culturhistorie af Dr. F. C. Schiibeler. 3 die Bind. -Ito. Christiania, 1889. Symbolae ad Historian! Ecclesiasticam Provinciarum Septentrionalium Magni Dissidii Synodique Constantiensis Temporibus Pertinentes. auctore, Dr. Ludovico Daae. 4to. Christianiae 1888. University of Christiania. Periodicals Puf^hased. Berlin, Orientalische Biblographie, — Band III, Heft 8. Calcutta. Indian Medical Gazette,— Vol. XXY, No. 4, April, 1890 Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, — Tome XXIII, No. 4. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie, — Band XXXIX, Heft 4 und Band XL, Heft I. . . Beiblatter, Band XIV, Stiick 4. London. The Chemical News,— Vol. LXI, No. 1587—1590. . The Nineteenth Century ,— Vol . XXVII, No. 159, May 1890. . The Society of Arts,— Journal, Vol. XXXVIII, Nos. 195.3— 1956. Paris. Revue Scientifique, — Tome XLV, Nos. 17—20. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL, For July, 1890. The Monthly Genei'al Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday the 2nd July, 1890 at 9-15 p. M. H. Beveridge, Esq., C. S., President, in the chair. The following members were present : Nawab Abdul Latif, Bahadur, Dr. A. W, Alcock, J. H. Apjohn, Esq., E, T. Atkinson, Esq., Rev. A. W. Atkinson, Babu Gaurdas Bysack, W. B. Colville, Esq., Dr. A. Crombie, Babu Saratchandra Das, Babu Rajanikanta Gupta, W. H. Jobbing, Esq., Dr. W. King, Rev. Father E. Lafont, C. Little, Esq., Babu Asutosh Mukhopadhyay, T. R. Munro, Esq , A. M. Nash, Esq., L. de Nieeville, Esq., Dr. D. Prain, Major J. H. Sadler, Pandit Haraprasad Shastri, W. L. Sclater, Esq., Dr. J. Tull Walsh, Colonel J. Waterhouse. Visitors— W. Connan, Esq., F. D. Fowler, Esq., Colonel Gallwey, R. A., H. Haward, Esq., H. Holmwood, Esq., W. R. C. Jewell, Esq., W. H. Nightingale, Esq , G. 0. Ranger, Esq , F. N. Rushton, Esq., T, Traill, Esq., W. J. Williamson, Esq , J. Winterscale, Esq, The minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. Thirty-seven presentations wei'e announced, details of which are given in the Library List appended. The following gentlemen, duly proposed and seconded at the last meeting of the Society, were ballotted for and elected Ordinary Members : T. W. Arnold, Esq. W. C. Bonnerjee, Esq., (re-elected). Babu T. N. Mukharji. P. Donaldson, Esq., (re-elected). (^' 1 90 Philological Secretary — Report on old coins. [July, The following gentleman is a candidate for election at the next meeting : The Most Rev. Dr. Paul Goethals, S. J., Archbishop of Calcutta, proposed by Col. J. Waterhouse, seconded by J. Wood-Mason, Esq. The Secretary reported the death of the following member : Professor Bapu Deva Sastri, C. I. E., of Benares (Honorary Member). The Philological Secretary read the following repoi-t on a find of Treasure Trove Coins. Report on 18 old silver coins forwarded by the Offg. Collector of Durbhanga, with his No. 201 G, dated 16th May 1890. The coins are stated to have been found on the 6th May 1889. The find place is not mentioned, but as the finder is said to have been a person belonging to Sonioul, Perganah Hati, it may be assumed that the coins were found in that locality. Their approximate value is given as Rs. 18. All the coins belong to different early Pathan Kings of Delhi. Numismatically they are in an indifferent condition, for in all of them the margin, giving the date and mint, is entirely or almost entirely wanting. They are attributed, as follows : Nasiru-d-dIn Mahmud Shah, A. H. 644 — 664 = A. D. 1246 — 126-5, mint and date lost on all four specimens: ... ... ... ... 4 GhiYAsu-D-DlN Balban, A. H. 664—686 = 1265—1287 A. D., mint and date wanting in all four speci- mens: ... ... ... ... 4 Muizzcr-D-DiN Kaiqobad, a. H. 686 — 689 = A. D. 1287 — 1290, one shows mint Delhi, another the date 687, a third appears to be double struck ; total 7 Jalalu-d-din Firuz Shah, A. H. 589 — 695 = A. D. 1290—1295; on both, mint Delhi; date lost, ... 2 'Alad-d-din Muhammad Shah, A. H. 695 — 715, A. D. 1295 — 1315; mint and date lost ... ... 1 Total ... 18 Rev. Father Lafont exhibited the new Phonograph of Th. A. Edison, and gave illustrations of the perfect manner in wliich the instru- ment reproduces all kinds of sounds from music to the human speech. Proceedings, As. Soc, Bengal, 1890. PLATE II. ^W^ IS. <1 1 o 3 Eh o o o CO O p — I PL, I — I o Reg. No. 323, A3. Sdcy., Bengal.— 30-9-90.— 605. Photo., S.I. O., Calcutta. 1890.] Dr. L. A. Waddell — Note on an old inscription from Mungir. 191 The following paper was read— Note on an inscription in Kiitila characters, from a stone recently un- earthed at Mndgal-dsrdnia (Kashtaharani ghat) Mungir, ivith ink impres- sion of inscription. — By L. A. Waddell, M. B. The inscribed stone, from which is taken the accompanying ink impression, was found by me a few weeks ago lying at Kashtaharani Ghat, the dsrani, or hermitage, of the celebrated Saint Mudgahxputra, on the Granges at Mungir. The priest in charge of the ghat and temple infoi'med me that the stone appeared about three months ago at the side of the ghat on the receding of the flood-waters of the Ganges, and on being thus exposed it was carried up one or two steps of the ghat and there deposited, where I found it. The stone is a narrow oblong slab about 27 inches long, and about 5 inches broad, and 3j inches deep, roughly chiselled on its upper and lower surfaces, and evidently had been originally built, or intended to be built, into a wall. The inscription extends along the smooth narrow lateral face of the stone, covering nearly the whole extent of that sur- face. The stone is in excellent preservation, as the ink impression attests : this excellent state of preservation is doubtless owing to the stone having remained buried in the mud for several centuries. The inscription is entire, and the date is distinctly engraved ' Samv. 13.' The relatively modern form of the letters suggests that the era here referred to may be that of Lakshmana Sena, which commenced in the first quarter of the twelfth century A. D. It will be interesting should the inscription, amongst other infor- mation, throw any light on the etymology of the name ' Mungir,' in regard to which opinion is divided. The recognized modern way of spelling the name of Mungir seems a sort of quasi scientific compromise between the sevex-al forms Mongir, Monghyr, Mungger, &c. The native mode of spelling the name is still the same as that recorded by Dr. Buch.ananin his Statistical Survey at the beginning of the century, viz., Mungger ( 1879. K. Leopoldinisch-Carolinischen Academie, Halle. Bericht uber die Verwaltung und Vermehrung der Koniglichen Samm- lungen fiir Kunst und Wissenschaft zu Dresden in den Jahren 1886 und 1887. Dresden. Ill, Jahresbericht (1887) Der Ornithologischen Beobachtungstationen im Konigreich Sachsen, bearbeitet von A, B. Meyer und F. Helm. Royal 4to. Dresden, 1888. Koniglichen Museums, Dresden. 216 Library. [Aug., Memorandum on the Snowfall in the mountain districts of Northern India and Afghanistan and the abnormal features of the Meteoro- logy of India during the period January to May 1890. Fcp. Simla, 1890. Meteor. Reporter, Government of India. Return of Wrecks and Casualties in the Indian Waters for the year 1888. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Port Officer, Calcutta. Schach dem Darwinismus ! Studien eines Lepidopterologen von Johan- nes Schilde. 8vo. Berlin, 1890. WiLiBALD Schilde, Esq. Compte-Rendu des Seances du Congres International de Zoologie, Paris 1889. Svo. Paris, 1890. SOCIETE ZOOLOGIQUE DE FRANCE. Obituary Record of Graduates of Yale University deceased during the Academical year ending in June 1890, and Supplement 1880-90. Svo. Yale University. Periodicals Purchased. Berlin. Deutsche Litteraturzeitung, — Jalii-gang XI, Nr. 16 — 20. . Orientalische Bibliographic, — Band III, Heft 8. Calcutta. Indian Medical Gazette, — Vol. XXV, No. 6. Cassel. Botanisches Centralblatt, — Band XLII, Heft 2 — 8. Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, — Tome XXIII, No. 6. Gottingen. Der Konigl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, — Gofctin- gische Gelehrte Anzeigen, Nr. 7 — 9, 1890. . , . Nacb rich ten, Nrn. 4, 1890. Leeds. The Journal of Conchology, — Vol. VI, No. 7. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie, — Band XL, Heft 2 und 3. . . Beibliitter,— Band XIV, Stuck 6. Literarisches Centralblatt, — Nrn. 17—23, 1890. London. Mind,— Vol. XV, No. 59. — — . The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, — Vol. V, (5th Series), Nos. 29 and 30. . The Chemical News,— Vol. LXT, Nos. 1595 and 1596, Vol. LXli, Nos. 1597—1599. . The Entomologist,— Vol. XXIII, Nos. 324 and 325. . The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, — Vol. I, (2nd Series), Nos. 312-313. 1890.] Library. 217 Londou. The Journal of Botany,— Vol. XXXVIII, Nos. 329 and 330. . The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine, —Vol. XXIX, (3th Series), Nos. 180 and 181. . The Messenger of Mathematics, — Vol. XIX, No. 12 and Vol. XX, No. 1. The Nineteenth Century,— Vol. XXVIII, No. 161. . The Quarterly Journal of pure and applied Mathematics, — Vol. XXIV, No. 96. . The Society of Arts,— Journal, Vol. XXXVIII, Nos. 1961— 1965. New Haven. The American Journal of Science, — Vol. XXXIX, (3rd Series), No. 233. Paris. L' Academic des Sciences, — Comptes Rendus des Seances, — Tome CX, Nos. 15—21, et Tables, Tome CIX. . Annales de Chimie et de Physique, — Tome XX, (6'"^ Serie), Mai et Juin, 1890. . Journal des Savants, — Avril et Mai, 1890. . Revue Scientifique,— Tome XLV, Nos. 25—26. Tome XLVI, Nos. 1—3. . Revue de Linguistique et de Philologie Comparee, — Tome XXIII, Fascicule 2. , Revue Critique d' Histoire et de Litterature, — Tome XXIX, Nos. 16, 17, 19—22. jBooKS Purchased. Report of the Fifty-ninth Meeting of the British Association for the advancement of Scieace held at Newcastlo-upon-Tyne in September 1889. 8vo. London, 1890. L.. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL, For November, 1890. The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was lield on Wednesday the 5th November 1890, at 9 p. m, H. Beveridge, Esq., C. S., President, in the chair. The following members were present : — - Rev. A. "W. Atkinson, Babu Sarat Chandra Das, Babu Bhnpendra Sri Ghosha, Dr. W. King, Tom D. La Touche, Esq., C. Little, Esq., Kumar Rameswar Maliah, Babu Asutosh Mukhopadhyay, Dr. W. H. Solf, Dr. J. H. Tull Walsh, Colonel Waterhouse. Visitors, T. H. Holland, Esq., Babu P. N. Dutta. The minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. One hundred and thirty-four presentations were announced, details of which are given in the Library List appended. The Secretary reported that the following gentlemen had been elected Ordinaiy Members of the Society during the recess, iu accor- dance with Rule 7. Kumar Sarat Chandra Singh (re-elected). Romesh Chandra Dntt, C. S. The following gentlemen are candidates for election at the next meeting : — • C- A. Samuella, Esq., C. S., Maldah, proposed by H. Beveridge, Esq., seconded by Colonel Waterhouse. Captain A. Brame, proposed by H. Beveridge, Esq., seconded by C. Little, Esq. Rev. H. B. Hyde, Chaplain of St. John's, proposed by H. Beve- ridge, Esq., seconded by Haraprasad Shastri. Rai iJ^alinaksha Bose, Bahadur, Chairman, Burdwan Municipality, proposed by Asutosh Mukerjee, seconded by Gaurdas By sack. ^iH^ 220 Death of Mr. E. F. T. Atkinson. [Nov. Babu Varada Cliaran Mitra, Jt. Magistrate, Begu Serai, Mongtyr, proposed by Pratapa Chandra Ghosha, seconded by R. 0. Dutt, Esq. W. Conuan, Esq., Public Works Dept., proposed by H. Beveridge, Esq., seconded by Colonel Waterbouse. The following gentlemen have expressed their wish to withdraw fi'om the Society : — A. Macdonald, Esq. T. A. Pope, Esq. Maulvi Abdur Rahman. The Secretary reported the death of the following Members : — E. P. T. Atkinson, Esq. S. A. Hill, Esq. The President observed that as this was the first meeting that had been held since the death of Mr. Atkinson, he took the oppoi'tunity of expressing the regret which they doubtless all felt at that event. Mr. Atkinson had come out to India in 1863, and had for many years devoted his spare hours to literary and scientific reseai^ch.. He had long been a member of their Society, and was for two years their President, and had as such delivered two able and interesting Ad- dresses. He had laboured two years under the disease of which he died, but had gone on uncomplainingly with his duties and his studies. It was supposed that his death was accelerated by a chill which he cauo-ht while attending the funeral of the late Mr. Montague Brad- ford. The President read an extract from the Pioneer of the 29th September last. It gave a fairly appreciative notice of Mr. Atkinson, but vpas rather stinted in its praise, and in particular it failed to mention the excellent work which Mr. Atkinson had done as Chair- man of the Trustees of the Indian Museum. The President stated that the Council had drawn up the following Resolution in which the Members expressed their regret at the death of their friend and colleague, and that a copy of it had been sent to Mrs. Atkinson, with a letter of condolence signed by the President and the Members of Council. " The Council desire to place on record their deep sense of the " vei'y great loss the Asiatic Society of Bengal and Indian Natural " Science have sustained by the u.ntimely death of their former Presi- " dent and Vice-President, Mi". E. F. T. Atkinson, and to express their " great sorrow at the sad event that has deprived the Society of one of " its most active and enthusiastic supporters, and the Council of a much- " esteemed colleague and friend." 1890.] Col. Watcrliouse — Birch hark MS. from Kashgaria. 221 Tlie President stated that tlie votes would now be taken on the proposed alteration of Rule 70, so as to allow of Admission Fees being treated as part of the income available for general expenditure, reported at the meeting in August last, and appointed Dr. J. H. Tull Walsh and Babu Asutosh Mukhopadhyay to be scrutineers, who reported that there were 74 Votes in favour of, 7 Votes against the proposed alteration, and 3 with qualifications, whereupoa the President announced that it had been duly carried. The President laid before the meeting a list of Members who were more than 2 years in arear of subscription, for sanction to the Council being empowered to take legal proceedings for the recovery of the amount due, under the provisions of Rule 48 (g.) The meeting approved of any action being taken by the Council that might be considered necessary. Colonel Watebhou-ie exhibited a birch bark manuscript, and some coins, found by Lieutenant Bower in Kashgaria. The following note by Lieut. Bower accompanied the exhibit: — " While at Kuchar a man offered to show me a subterranean town provided I would go there in the middle of the night, as he was frightened of getting into trouble with the Chinese if it was known that he had taken a European there. I readily agreed and we started off about midnight. The same man procured me a packet of old manuscripts written on birch-bark. They had been dug out of the foot of one of the curious old erections of which several are to be found in the Kuchar district ; there is also one on the north bank of the river at Kashgar. The one out of which the manuscripts were pro- cured is just outside the subterranean city." " These erections are generally about 50 or 60 feet high, broad in proportion and resembling somewhat, in shape, a huge cottage loaf : they are solid and it is difficult to conceive for what purpose they were erected. They are principally composed of sun-dried biicks with layers of beams now criimbling away. Judging from the weather-beaten appearance they possess, and taking into consideration the fact that in Tui'kestan the rain and snow-fall are almost nominal, they must be very ancient indeed. The natives attribute them to King Afrasiab, a con- temporary of Rustam, who ruled over a kingdom corresj^onding to the pi'esent Chinese Tui'kestan, but I found they had a habit of attributing everytliing ancient to King Afrasiab." The subterranean ruins of Mingai, to which my guide had promised to take me, are situated about 16 miles from Kuchar, on the banks of 222 Col. Waterhouse— -BiVc^i harJc MS. from KashgaHa. [ISToT, the Shaliyar river, and are said to be the remains of Afrasiab's capital. The town must have been of considerable extent, but has been greatly reduced owing to the action of the river. On the cliffs on the left bank^ high up in mid-air, may be seen the remains of houses still hanging, on to the face of the cliffs." " One of the houses I entered was shaped as shown below. A. B. represents a tunnel, 60 yds. X 4 yds., through a tongue- shaped hill ; C and D are the entrances, the hill being almost perpendi- cular at A and B ; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. are cells roughly 6 feet x 6 feet. The walls have been plastered, and what appear to be the remains of geo- metrical patterns can be made out," " I was told that the remains of other similar towns may be seen in the district. In Taqub Beg's time a lot of gold was dug up." " I believe the ruins and MS. to be Buddhist." Of the coins two were found in the ruins of Shahr i Bab8.r, one of the ancient towns of Takla Makan, now lying under the sands of the Gobi Desert." Babu Sarat Chandra Das said, the MS. was very ancient and of great interest, and kindly promised to try and decipher it. [He has since written to say that both Lama Phuntshog and he had failed in their endeavour to decipher this very ancient and rare MS. unearthed by Lieut. Bower in Eastern Tu.rkestan — the country which he had identified with the Liyul of the Tibetan and Ktimsa Besa of the Indians in his contribution on the antiquities of Khoten, {Journal, Part I, 1886). In that paper it was noticed that there existed in Khoten and the countries north of it numerous Buddhist works in a form of Sanskrit. The Chinese traveller Fa Hian also testified to that. He believes that tliis MS. is the only remnant (come to light after PLATE m Proceeoinos, ^s Soc B .I^^^Xr^-W I,E S. I OfEces, Calcutta, November 1890. CITY NEAR KUCHAR, EASTERN TURKESTAN. LS*- «i..r-i.,. ...~».-.lrf-. .„— ninti rTinSiii.iiiii Ml . -■■ -I ti.riafiili^ «ar> LEAVES FROM A BIRCH-BARK MANUSCRIPT FOUND IN AN UNDERGROUND ANCIENT, CITY NEAR KUCMAR, EASTERN TURKESTAN. 1890.] Dr. J. H. Toll Wsilsh—Neio Trap-Joor Spider from Orissa. 223 the lapse of so many centuries) of the Indo-Tartar Sanskrit, wbicli was current in Khoten and Kashgar during the early centuries after Christ. Most of the letters correspond partly with the ancient Newari and Wartula characters after the model of which the Tibetan characters were shaped by Thonmi Sambhota in the middle of the 7th century A. D. He had compared the MS. writing with some of the characters which were formed by the Locavas of Tibet and called Yig-sar, {vide Plate VII of Journal A. S. B. Vol. LVII, Part I, of 1888). Although he bad been able to trace some similarity of shape in the characters of the MS. to those of the Yigsar, he failed to make anything out of it, even with the help of some Buddhist IS'ewars of Nipal, now in Calcutta, and had abandoned the hope which he so long entertained of being able to interpret the MS.] It may be mentioned that the MS. consists of 56 leaves of birch- bark, some in single thickness and others from two to four thicknesses, for the most part written on both sides. The writing, which is entirely in black ink, seems to be in several different hands. Some of the leaves appear perfectly fresh and clear, others are much discoloured ; all are very brittle and tender. The leaves are enclosed between two boards and a string runs through them. As the MS. appears to be particu- larly rare and interesting, a facsimile of two leaves of it, reproduced in heliogravure at the Survey of India Offices, is given in Plate III in the hope that some of our members may be able to decijDher it or throw some further light upon its age and origin. The following papers were read : — 1. Prelimmary list of the Butterflies of Madras. — By Lieutenant E. Y. Watson, B. S. C. The paper will be published in the Joui-nal, Part II. 2. A neiu Trap-door Spider from Orissa. — By Surgeon J. H. Tull Walsh, Indian Medical Service. (Abstract.) Adelonychia, n. gen. Adelonycliia nigrostrata, $ , n sp. At present the following descrip- tion will be that of the genus also. The spider, which I think is not full grown, measures 10 mm. The falces are reddish-brown ; fangs long. Pedipalpi medium length, ter- minal joint furnished with a black pad of strong hairs. Eyes : anterior and centre pairs large and of a blackish-brown colour ; hind-centrals and hind-externals small and pearly white. Cephalothorax reddish- 224 M. Clifikravarti — Tiny d mscrijitiojis of 15th ^- 16th centuries. [Nov. brown above, whitish yellow below ; fovea transverse with eight dark, shallow grooves radiating from it. Cephalo-thoiax markedly convex in front between the anterior dark markings and slightly convex over remaining part. Abdomen oval, truncated in front and more convex on the upper than on the under sui-face. The ground colour above is greenish-grey with a central black stripe and seven well marked black lateral strise directed downwards and slightly backwards from the central line. The entire upper surface of the abdomen is covered with fine light coloured hairs. Under surface of abdomen dull grey, the four lung sacs visible as small white spots ; 2 pairs of white spinnerets. Legs ; relative length 4. 1-2. 3, pale reddish-yellow above, almost white below. Tarsi without hooks (?) but terminating in brush -like black pads. Falces, pedipalpi and legs thickly covered with strong blackish- brown bristle-like hairs. Hab. Orissa (Khurda forest). [A fuller description will appear in the Journal, Part II.] 3. On some Indian Psychidoe. — By F. Moore, F. Z. S. 4. On a neio species of Diptera m the collections of the Indian Mu- seum.— By MoNS. J. M. F. Bigot. Communicated by J. "Wood-Mason, Esq. These papers will be published in the Journal, Part II. 5. Uriyd Inscriptions of 15th and 16th Centuries, from the Temple of Jaganndth at Puri, and the Temple of Mahddev at Bhuvanesvar. — By Manmohan Chakeavarti. 6. Chhatisgar : Notes on its Tribes, Sects and Castes. — By P. N. BosE, Geological Survey of India. These papers will be published in the Journal, Part I. 7. Extracts from the Journal of a trip to the Glaciers of Pandini, Kabru, ^'c, in September 1889. — By P. N. BoSE, Geological Survey of India. It was resolved that this paper should be presented to the Geologi- cal Survey Department for publication in the " Records " of that Department. 1890.] Library. ' 225 The following additions have been made to tbe Library since tlie meetins' held in Auo'ust last. Transactions, Pi^oceedings and Jour^NALS, presented hy the respective Societies and Editors. Baltimore. Johns Hopkins University, — American Chemical Journal. Vol. XI, Nos. 6-8; Vol. XII, Nos. 1—5, and General Index of Vols. I— X. -' — . . American Journal of Mathematics. Vol, XII, Nos. 1—4 ; and Index to Vols. I— X. American Journal of Philology, Vol. X, No. 4 ; and Vol. XI, N'os. 1—3. . Circulars, Vol. VIII, No. 75 and Vol. IX, No. 77. — — — — — . . Studies from the Biological Laboratory. Vol. IV, Nos. 5 and 6. Berlin. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, — Band XXXV, Heft 1. — — . Der Koniglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. — Sitzungsberichte, I— XIX, 1890. Bombay. Bombay Natural History Society, — Journal, Vol. V, No. 2. . The Indian Antiquary. Vol. XVIII, No. 229 and Vol. XIX, No. 239. Boston. American Philological Association, — Transactions, Vol. XX. Brussels. La Societe Entomologique de Belgique, — Annales. Tome XXXIIL Budapest. A Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia, — Foldrajzi Kozlemenyek. Kotet XVIII. Fuzet 5—6. Buenos Aires. Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires, — Anales. Tome III. Entrega 16. Calcutta. Agricultural and Horticultural Society of India, — Journal, Vol. VIII, Part 4. ■' Geological Survey of India, — Records, Vol. XXIII, Part 3. • — . Indian Engineering, — Vol. VIII, Nos. 6 — 18. — — — — . Photograpliic Society of India, — Journal, Vol. Ill, Nos. 9—11. Christiania. Norske Commission der Euroijaischen Gradmessung, — Geodiitische Arbeiten, Heft 6 — 7. 226 Library. [Nov. Coi^enliagen. K. Nordiske Oldskrift-Selskab, — Aarboger, Raekke II, Band V, Heft. 2—4. — ■ • . La Societe Royale des Autiquaires da Nord, — Memoires 1889. Dorpat. Der Naturforsclier-Gesellscliaft bei der Universitat Dorpat, — Sitzungsberichte, Band IX, Heft 1. Dublin. Royal Dublin Society, — Scientific Proceedings, Vol. VI, Part 7—9. Edinburgh. Royal Society of Edinburgh, — Proceedings, Vols. XV and XVI. . . Transactions, Vol. XXXIII, Part 3 ; and Vol. XXXV, Parts 1—4. ■■ — . The Scottish Geographical Society, — Magazine, Vol. VI, Nos. 7 and 8. Florence. La Societa Africaua d' Italia, — Bullettino, Vol. VI, Fasci- colo 5° e 6°. ■ . La Societa Italiana di Antropologia, Etnologia e Psicologia Comparata, — Archivio per L' Antropologia e la Etnologia. Tome XX, Fascicolo 1° et 2°. Frankfurt, aM. Der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesells- chaft,— Bericht, 1890. ■, aO. Des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins des Reg-Bez Frankfurt, — Monatliche Mittheilungen aus dem Gesammtgebiete der Naturwissenschaften, Jahrgang, VII, Nr. 12 und Jahrgang VIII, Nrn. 1—3. Geneva. La Societe de Physique et d' Histoire Naturelle de Geneve. — Tome XXX, Partie 1 et 2. Giessen. Der Oberhessischen Gesellschaft fiir Natur-und Heilkunde, — Bericht, Band XXVII. The Hague, Koninklijk Instituut voor de Taal,- Land-en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch Indie, — Bijdragen tot de Taal- Land-en Volken- kunde van Nederlandsch-Iudie. Deel. V Aflevei'ing 3 und 4. Havre. Societe de Geographic Commerciale du Havre, — Bulletin, Mai— Aont, 1890. Konigsberg. Der Physikalisch-Okonomischeu Gesellschaft zu Konigs- berg, — Schriften, Jahrg. XXX. Liverpool. Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool, — Proceed- ings, Nos. 41 — 43. London. Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, — Journal, Vol. XX, No. I. . Geological Society, — Quarterly Journal, Vol. XL VI, Part 3. . Institution of Civil Engineers, — Minutes of Proceedings, Vol. C. 1889-tO. Part II. 1890.] * Lihmry. 227 London. Institution of Electrical Engineers, — Journal, Vol. XIX, l^o. 89. . Institution of Mechanical Engineers, — Proceedings, N"©. 1, 1890. . Linnean Society,— Journal (Botany) Vol. XXV, Nos. 171—172. Vol. XXVI, No. 174 and Vol. XXVII, Nos. 181—182. . . . (Zoology). Vol. XX, No. 122—123, Vol. XXI, Nos. 133—135 and Vol. XXIII, Nos. 141—144. . . Proceedings, Sessions, 1887-88. . . Transactions (Zoology). Vol. V, Part 4. . . Ligt of Fellows, January, 1890. . Nature,— Vol. XLII, Nos. 1082—1094. . Royal Astronomical Society, — Monthly Notices, Vol. L, Nos. 7 and 8. ■ . . Memoirs, Vol. XLIX, Part 2. . Royal Geograjjhical Society, — Proceedings, Vol. XII, Nos. 7 and 8. - •. Royal Microscopical Society, — Journal, Part 3, 1890. . Royal Society,— Proceedings, Vol. XLVII, Nos. 289—293. . . Philosophical Transactions, Vol. OLXXX, (A and B). . . List of Fellows, 30th November, 1889. . Royal Statistical Society, — Journal, Vol. LIII, Part 2. . The Academy,— Nos. 951—963. . The Athen^um,- Nos. 3273—3286. . Zoological Society of London, — Proceedings, Parts 1 and 2, 1890. Madison, Wisconsin. Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Let- ters,— Transactions, Vol. VII. Melbourne. Royal Society of Victoria, — Transactions, Vol. I, Part 2. Mendon, 111. The American Antiquarian and Oriental Journal, — Vol, XII, Nos. 4 and 5. Mexico. Deutschen Wissenschaftlichen Vereins in Mexico, — Band I, Heft 1, 2. . Estados Unidos Mexicanos, — Informes y Documentos Relatives ii Comercio Interior y Exterior Agricultura, c Industrias, Nos. 56 and 57. . La Sociedad Cientifica " Antonio Alzate," — Memorias, Tomo III, No. 9—10. Minneapolis. Minnesota Academy of Natural Sciences, — Bulletin, Vol. Ill, No. 1. Moscow. La Socio te Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, — Bulletin, No. 1, 1890. 228 Librarij. [Nor. Mnnicb. K.B. Akademie der Wissensclmften zii Miinclien,— Abhaud- lungen, Hisfcorischen Classe, lUnd XIX, Abtlieilung 1. . . . . Mathematiscli-PhysikaliscLen Classe, Band XVII, Abtheilung 1. . . . Sitzuiigsbericbte, Heffc 2, 1889. Philosopbiscb-pliilologisclien uud Historischen Classe, Heft I, und 3, 1889. Nnples. La Societa Africaua d'ltalia, — Bollettimo, Anno IX, Fasc. 5 et 6. New York. American Museum of Natural History, — Bulletin, Vol. II,- Nos. 3 and 4, and Annual Report of the Trustees for the year 1889 -90. Paris. Journal Asiatique, — Tome XVI, No. 2. . La Societe de Geograpbie,— Bulletin, No. 2, 1890. . La Societe Zoologique de France, — Bulletin, Tome XV, Nos. 4 — 6 . . Memoires, Vol. Ill, Nos. 2—3. Philadelphia. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, — Proceed- ings, Parts 1 and 3, 1890. ■ Amei'ican Philosophical Society, — Proceedings, Vol. XVI, No. 3. -. The Journal of Comparative Medicine and Veterinary Archives, Vol. XI, Nos. 7—10. Raleigh, N.C. Elisba Mitchell Scientific Society, — Journal, Vol. VI, Part 2. Rio de Janeiro. Imperial Observatorio do Rio de Janeiro, — Annaes, Tomo IV, Parts 1^ et 2^. . . . Annuario, 1888-1890. . Observatorio de Rio de Janeiro, — Revista do Observatorio. Anno V, No. 8. Rome. La Societa Degli Spettroscopisti Italiani, — Memorie, Vol. XIX, Dispensa 6^ — 9*. Roorkee. The Indian Forester, — Vol. XVI, No. 8. Santiao-o. Deutsche Wissenchaftlichen Vereines za Santigo. — Verhand- lungen, Band II, Heft 2. Schaffhausen. La Societe Entomologigue Suisse. — Bulletin, Vol. VIII. Heft, Nr. 5. Sydney. Linnean Society of New South Wales, — Pi'oceedings, (1st series) Vol. VII, Parts 1—4, Vol. VIII, Parts 1 — 4, Vol. IX, Parts 1—4, Vol. X, Parts 1—4. (2nd series) Vol. I, Parts 1—4, Vol. V, Part 2. • . Royal Society of New South "Wales, — Journal and Proceed- ings, Vol. XXIII, Part 2. 1890.] Library. 229 Stufcfgart. Des Vereins fiir vaterUiudisclie Naturkunde in Wiirttem- berg, — Jahresliefte. Jahrgang, l!^90. Taiping. Government of Perak, — The Perak Government Gazette, Vol. Ill, Nos. 22—28. Tokyo. Imperial University of Japan, — Journal of the College of Science, Vol. Ill, Part 4. , . Calendar, 1889-90. Toronto. Canadian Institute, — Proceedings, Vol. VII, No. 2. Turin. La R. Accademia delle Scieuze di Torino, — Atti, Vol. XXV, Disp. 13a, 14a. . , . Processi Verbali, 4 Maggio, 1890. Vienna. Der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien,— Mittlieilnngen. Band XX, Heft 1 nnd 2, . Der K. K. Geologisclicn Reichsanstalt, — Abhandlungen, Band XIII, No. 1 und Vol. XV, No. 1. . . Jahrbuch, Band XXXIX, Heft 344. . Des K. K. Naturhistorisclieu Hofmuseums, — Annalen, Band V, Nr. 3. -^ . Vienna Oriental Journal, — Vol. IV, No. 2. Wasliiugton. Smithsonian Institution, — Annual Report, 1886, Part 2, 1887 Parts 1 and 2. » . . Smitksonian Contributions to Knovi^ledge, Vol. XXVI, Tokoliama. Der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Natur-und Volkerkunde Ostasiens in Tokio, — Mittlieilungen, Heft 44. Zagreb. Hrvatskoga Arkeologickoga Druztva, — Viestuik, Godina XII, Br. 1—2. . Arkeologickoga Odjela Nar. Zem. Muzeja u .^agrebu, — Popis, Svezah I, Odsjek I— II. Books and Pamphlets, presented by the Authors, Translators, Sfc. DUTT, R. C. A History of Civilization in Ancient India, based on Sanskrit Literature. Vols. I— III. 8vo. Calcutta, 1889. = — . Rig Veda Sanhita, original Text in Bengali charac- ter. 8vo. Calcutta, 1886. .. . . Bengali translation. 8vo. Calcutta, 1889. Fkitsche, Dr. H. On Chronology and the construction of the Calendar, with special regard to the Chinese computation of time compared with the European. 8vo. St. Petersburgh, 1886. 230 Library. [Nov. NuRsiNGROW, A. v., Results of Meteorological Observations at the G V. Juggarow Observatory, Daba Gardens, Vizagapatam, 3889 with an introduction. 8vo. Calcutta, 1890. Rat, Pratapa Chandra, C. I. E. The Mahabharata, translated into English Prose. Parts 60 and 61. Svo. Calcutta, 1890. Senart, E. Le Mahavastu, texte Sanskrit. Tome II. Svo. Paris, 1890. Wateehouse, Col. J., B. S. C. Practical notes on the preparation of drawings for Photographic reproduction, with a sketch of the prin- cipal Photo-mechanical printing processes. Svo. London, 1890. Weber, Prof. Albrecht. Die Griechen in Indien (Sitzungsbcrichte der K. P. Akademie der Wissenschaf ten zu Berlin. XXXVII, 1890). 4to. Berlin, 1890. Miscellaneous P^j;sentations. Inscriptions at S'ravana Belgola, a chief seat of the Jains. By B. Lewis Rice, C. I. E., M. R. A. S. 4to. Bangalore, 1389. Aech^ological Survey, Mysore. Catalogue of the Cuneiform Tablets in the Kouyunjik collection of the British Museum. By C. Bezold. Vol. L 4to. London, 1889. Catalogue of Oriental Coins in the British Museum. Vol. IX. Additions to the Oriental Collection 1876-1888, Part I. Additions to Vols. I — IV. By Stanley Lane Poole : edited by Reginald Stuart Poole. Svo, London, 1889. British Museum, London. The History of Education in North Carolina. By Charles Lee Smith. Svo. Washington, 1888. Bureau of Education, Washington. Bibliography of the Iroquoian languages. By James Coustantine Pilling. Svo. Washington, 1888. Bibliography of the Muskhogean languages. By James Coustantine Pilling. Svo. Washington, 1889. Fifth and Sixth Annual Reports of the Bureau of Ethnology. By J. W. Powell, 1883-84, 1884-85. 4to. Washington, 1887-88. Textile Fabrics of Ancient Peru. By William H. Holmes. Svo. Wash- ington, 1889. The Circular, Square, and Octagonal earthworks of Ohio. By Cyrus Thomas. Svo. Washington, 1889. The Problem of the Ohio Mounds. By Cyrus Thomas. Svo. Wash- ington, 1889. Bureau of Ethnology, Washington. 1890.] Library. 231 Tagore Law Lectures, 1889-90. The Law of AgeBCj in Brilish India. By T. A. Pearson. 8vo. Calcutta, 1890. Calcutta Uniyersitt. Administration Report of the Government Central Museum, Madras, for the year 1889-90. Fcp. Madras, 1890. Central Museum, Madras. Annual Report of the Sanitary Commissioner of the Central Provinces for the year 1S89. Fcp. Nagpur, 1890. Report on Education in the Central Provinces for the year 1889-90. Fcp. Nagpur, 1890. Report on the Excise Revenue in the Central Provinces for the year 1889-90. Fcp. Nagpur, 1890. Report on the Nagpur Experimental Farm in the Central Provinces for the year 1889-90, ending 31st March 1890. Fcp. Nagpur, 1890. Report on the Vaccine Operations in the Central Provinces for the year 1889-90. Fcp. Nagpur, 1890. Resolution on the management by Government of private estates in the Central Provinces for the revenue year 1888-89, ending the 30th September 1889. Fcp. Nagpur, 1890. Chief Commissioxe-^, Central Provinces. Catalogue of the Indigenous and Naturalised Plants of Queensland. By Fredk. Manson Bailey, F. L. S. 8vo Brisbane, 1890. Colonial Botanist, Brisbane. Wattles and Wattle-Barks, being hints on the conservation and culti- vation of Wattles, together with particulars of their value. By J. H. Maiden, F. L. S., F. C. S. 8vo. Sydney, 1890. Department of" Public Instruction, Sydney. Atlas. Eastern Middle Anthracite Field, Part 3, A. A. 8vo. . Northern Anthracite Field, Part 5, A. A. 8vo. . Southern Anthracite Field, Part 2, A. A. 8vo. Geological Survey of Pennsylvania. Administration Report of the Meteorological Reporter to the Govern- ment of Bengal for the years 1887—90. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Annual Report on Emigration from the Port of Calcutta to British and Foreign Colonies, 1889. By Surgeon-Major D. W. D. Coniins. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Annual Report on Inland Emigration for the year 1889. By Surgeon- Major D. W. D. Comius. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Flora of British India. By Sir J. D. Hooker, C. B., K. C. S. I., Vol. V. Chenopodiacege to Orchidece 8vo. London, 1890. Report on the Administration of the Customs Department in the Bengal Presidency for tho official year 1889-90. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. 232 Library. [Nov. Report on the Administration of the Salt Department for tlie year 1889-90. Fcp. Calcntta, 1890. Report on the Calcutta Medical Institutions for tlie year 1889. By A. Hilson, M. D. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Report on the External Trade of Bengal with Nepal, Tibet, Sikkim and Bhutan, for the year 1889-90. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Report on the Legal Affairs of the Bengal Government for the 3'ear 1889-90. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Report on the Police of the Lower Provinces of the Bengal Presidency for the year 1889. By J. C. Veasey. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Returns of the Rail-borne Trade of Bengal for the quarter ending the 3 1st March 1890. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Summary of the Meteorology of the year 1889 in Bengal, Fcp. 1890. Triennial Report on the Administration of the Registration Department in Bengal for the official years 1887-88, 1888-89 and 1889-90. By H. Holmwood. Fcp. Calcutta, 1890. Government of Bengal. Excursions et Reconnaissances, XIV. 8vo. Saigon, 1890. Government op French Cochin China, Saigon. An Estimate of the sum required in the year ending .31st March 1891, to defray the expense of the Ordnance Factories, the cost of the productions of which will be chai'ged to the Army, Navy, and Indian and Colonial Governments, &c. Fcp. London, 1890. Copies of, or Extracts from. Correspondence relating to memorials from members of the Civil Service as to the Mamlatdars incriminated in the Crawford case. Fcp. London, 1890. Copies of, or Extracts from, Correspondence relating to the system of grading Royal Engineers with Civil Engineers on their first ap- pointment to the Public Works Department. Fcp. Loudon, 1890. Copy of, or Extracts from, Correspondence between the Government of India and the Secretary of State for India in Council in 1888-90, respecting proposed changes in the Indian Army system. Fcp. London, 1890. Copy of the Indian Financial Statement for 1890-91, and of the Pro- ceedings of the Legislative Council of the Governor-General thereon. Fcp. London, 1890. Estimate of Revenue and Expenditure of the Government of India, for the year 1 389-90, compared with the results of 1888-89. Fcp. London, 1890. Further correspondence respecting the Internationa] Labour Conference at Berlin. Fcp. London, 1890. Home Accounts of the Government of India, for 1888 — 89 and 1889 — 90. Fcp. London, 1890. 1890.] Lihrory. 233 Return giving- copies of, or Extracts from, Correspondence with the Governments of India and Bombay as to the Mamlatdars incrimina- ted in the Crawford case. Fcp. London, 1890. Return of all Loans raised in England under the provisions of any Acts of Parliament, chargeable on the Revenues of India, outstanding at the commencement of the half year ended on the 31st March 1890. Fcp. London, 1890. Retmm of the nmnber of otuices of Gold and Silver Plate upon which duty was paid at each of the Goldsmith's Halls in London, Bir- mingham, Chester, Sheffield, Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Dublin, in each year from 1887-88 to 1889—90. Fcp. London, 1890. Retixrn showing the Estimated Expenditure for the year 1890-91 on the Army and Navy, and the provision to be made for it. Fcp. Lon- don, 1890. Statement of the Trade of British India with British Possessions and Foreign Countries for the five years 1884-85 to 1888-89. Fcp. London, 3 890. The Indian Antiquary, Vol. XIX, Parts 337-339. August to October 1890. 4to. Bombay, 1890. Government of India, Home Department, Report on the progress and condition of the Government Botanical Gardens, Saharanpur and Mussooree, for the year ending 31st March 1890. Fcp. Allahabad, 1890. Government of N.-W. P. and Oudh. Final Report of revised settlement of the Hoshiarpur District, 1879-84. With Maps. By Captain. J. A. L. Montgomery. 8vo. Calcutta, 1885. Report on the Administration of Civil Justice in the Punjab and its dependencies during the year 1889. Fcp. Lahore, 1890. Report on the Sanitary Administration of the Punjab for the year 1889, Fcp. Lahore, 1890. Report on Vaccination in the Punjab for the year 1889-90, Fcp. Lahore, 1890. Government of the Punjab. Prodromns of the Zoology of Victoria ; or figures and descriptions of the living species of all classes of the Victorian indigenous animals. By Frederick McCoy, CM.G. Decade XX. 8vo. Melbourne, 1890. Government of Victoria. A Monograph of Oriental Cicadidas. By W. L. Distant, Part 3, 4to. London, 1890. Indian Museum, 234 Library. [Nov. Johns Hopkins UuivGrsii_y Studies in Historical and Political Science, Seventh series, X — XIT. Federal Government in Canada. By John G. BoTirinot, Hon. LL. D., D. C. L. 8vo. Baltimore, 1889. ■ . Eighth series, I — II. The beginnings of American nationality ; The constitutional relations between the Continental Congress and the Colonies and States from 1774 to 1789. By Albion W. Small, Ph. D. 8vo. Baltimore, 1890. . . III. Local Government in Wisconsin. By David E. Si^encei*, A. B. 8vo. Baltimore, 1890. • '. . IV. Spanish Colonization in tlie South-West. By Frank W. Blackmar, Ph. D. 8vo. Baltimore, 1890. . Extra Volume VI. The Negro in Maryland, a study of the institution of Slavery. By Jeffrey R. Bi^ackett, Ph. D. 8vo. Bal- timore, 1889. On the Electro-magnetic effect of Connection-Currents. By Prof. Henry A. Rowland and Cary T. Hutchinson (from the Philosophi- cal Magazine for June 1889). 8vo. The Fragments of - the work of Heraclitus of Ephesns on Nature. Translated from the Greek text of Bywater. By G. T. W. Patrick, Ph. D. 8vo. Baltimore, 1889. Dissertations presented to the Board of University studies of The Johns Hopkins University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy : — On the Ventricular Epithelium of the Frog's brain. By A. 0. Wight- man. 8vo. Baltimore, 1889. The Absolute Participle in Anglo-Saxon. By Morgan Callaway, Jr. Ph. D. 8vo. Baltimore, 1889. The Asuri-Kalpa: a witchcraft practice of the Atharva- Veda, with an introduction, translation, and commentary. By H. W. Magoun. 8vo. Baltimore, 1889. The Relation of Hans-Sachs to the Decameron, as shown in an examina- tion of the thirteen Shrovetide Plays drawn from that source. By Archibald MacMechan, Ph. D. 8vo. Halifax, 1889. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. Nordiske Foi-tidsminder udgivue af Dot Kgl. Nordiske Oldskriftselskab. 1 Hefte. 4to. Copenhagen. KoNGELIGE KORDISKE OlDSKRIFTSELSEAB, COPENHAGEN. Brief Sketch of the Meteorology of the Bombay Presidency in 1889-90. Fcp. Bombay, 1890. Meteor. Reporter Government of Bombay. Dictionary of the language of the Micmac Indians. By Rev. Silas Tertius Rand, D. D., LL. D. 4to. Halifax, 1888. Minister of Finance, Ottawa (Canada). 1890.] Library. 235 Fortsetzung der Neuen Untersucliungen liber die Bessel'sche Formel und deren Verwendurg in der Meteorologie, von Prof. Dr. Karl Weihrauch. 8vo. Dorpat, 1890. Naturfoesher-Gesellchaft der Univkrsitat, Dorpat. Annual Report of the Lucknow Provincial Museum Committee for the year ending 31st March 1890. Fcp. 1890. Provincial Museum, Lucknow. Statistisches Handbuch der Kouiglichen Hauptstadt Prag und der Vororte Karolinenthal, Smichow, Kgl. Weinberge und Zizkow fiir die Jahre 1887 und 1888. 8vo. Prague, 1889. Stx\.tistischen Commission, Prag. Account of the Operations of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India. Vol. XL Astronomical Observations for Latitude made during the period 1805 to 1885, with a general description of the operations and Final Results. 4to. Dehra Dun, 1890. Surveyor General of India. Bemerkungen zur Kriminalstatistik des Grossherzogthums Hessen, besonders zur statistik des Bettels und der Landstreicherei, von Dr. Hans Bennecke. 4to. Giesseu, 1889. Personal Bestand der Grossherzoglich Hessischen Ludewigs-TJniversi- tat, Geissen. Winter-Semester von Ottober 1889, bis Ostern 1890. 8vo. Giessen, 1889. . Sommer-Semester, von Ostern bis ende September 1890. 8vo. Giessen.. 1890. Verzeichnik der Vorlesungen welche aus der Grossherzoglich hessischen Ludewigs-Universitat zu Giessen im Sommerhalbjahre, 1890. 8vo. Giessen, 1890. . ImWinterhalbjahre 1890-91. 8vo. Giessen, 1890. Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doctor wurde der Hohen Me- dicinischen Facultat der Grossherzoglich Hessischen Ludewigs- Universitat zu Giessen : — Beitrage zur Histologic des Echinococcus multilokularis, Vorgelegt \on Hermann Marenbach, Approb Arzt aus Mehren. 8vo. Giessen, 1889. Das Fibromyom des Collum Uteri, Vorgelegt von Hermann Frank, Appi'obirtem Arzt aus Giesseu. 8vo. Giessen, 1889. Die Grofshirnrinde in ihrer Stellung zur Speichelsecretion, Vorgelegt von Gisbert Fluck, approbirtera Arzt aus Oamberg. 8vo. Gissen, 1889. Die Operationsmethodeu des Rectumcarciuoms, Vorgelegt von Carl Heinrich Heyder, Approbirtem Arzt aus Gei-nsheim a Rh. 8vo. Giessen, 1890. 236 Library. [Nov. Die polifcische Stellung der deutschen Stadte von 1421 — 1431 mit be- sonderer Beriicksiclitigung ihrer Betheiligung an den Reform- bestrebungen dieser Zeit, Vorgelegt von Fritz Dietz, aus Uffhofen. 8vo. Giessen, 1889. Drei BeobachtuDgen von Sarcoma Ovarii, Vorgelegt von Otto Fre- senius, Appr. Arzt aus Biidingen. Svo. Biidingen, 1889. Ein Fall congenitaler Atresie der A. pulmonalis, combinirt mit Tricus- pidalstenose, bei geschlossener Kammerscheidewand, Vorgelegt von Lndwig Wagner, Approb Arzt aus Darmstadt. Svo. Darmstadt, 1889. Ueber die Beweglichkeit Pleuritischer Exsudate, Vorgelegt von Karl Nicolay, Approbirtem Artz ans Blofeld. Svo. Giessen, 1889. Tiber Verschiedene Darstellungen des korrespondierenden Kegelscbnitts einer Geraden in Bezug auf ein Kegelsclinittblischel, Vorgelegt von Otto Weimar, aus Darmstadt. 4to. Giessen, 1890. Zur Aetiologie und Symptomatologie der chronischen continurilichen Saftsecretion des Magens, Vorgelegt von Anton Vente, Approbir-- tern Arzt aus Lenhauseni W. Svo. Giessen, 1890. Zur Casuistik der Haematosalpinx, Vorgelegt von Heinrich Walther, Approb Arzt aus Giessen. Svo. Giessen, 1890. Zur Casuistik der vom Pharynx ansgebenden Aktinomykose, Vor- gelegt von Rudolf Hofmann, Approbirtem Arzt aus Planig. Svo. Giesseu, 1889. Zur Casuistik der Spina bifida, Vorgelegt von Adolph Wieber aus Brooklyn. Svo. Giessen. 1889. Zur Lelire vom Ulcus veutriculi rotundum und dessen Beziebungen zur Chlorose, Vorgelegt von August Griine. Approbirtem Arzt aus Meschede i. W. Svo. Amberg, 1890. Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doctorwiirde der Philosophis- cben Facultat zu Giessen : — Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Feineren Baues der Fruchtschale der Kom- positen, von Otto Heineck, aus Hungen. SvO. Leipzig, 1890. De Mutatis Centuriis Servianis, Scripsit Fridericus Schmidt, Darms- tadiensis. Svo. Gissse, 1890. De Particularum " Oti et ' flS apud Demosthenem Usu, Scripsit Gui- lelmus Reeb, Friedi-ichsdorfensis. Svo. Gissse, 1890. Die Forstliche Bedeutung der Vogel, Vorgelgt von Arthur Schonhutb, aus Leobschiitz, Provinz Schlesien. Svo. Giessen, 1890. Uber die Einwirkung von Schwefel Auf Glycerin, Vorgelegt von C. H. Keutgen, aus Manchester. Svo. Bei'lin, 1890. Ueber Eine Anwendung des Wasserdampfcalorimeters zur Bestimmung von Verdampfungswarmen. Vorgelegt von Karl Wirtz, aus Darm- stadt. Svo. Leipzig, 1S90 1890.] Library. 237 Ueber Eine reproduction der Sismens'schen Queck-silber-einheit, Vorglegt von Hermann Passavant, aris Darmstadt. 8vo. Leipzig, 1890. Ueber Eine Transcendente Minimalflacbe, welcbe eine schar Algebrais- cher Raumcurven Vierten Grades Enthalt, von Wilhelm Thien- emann, aus Gotlia. Leipzig, 1890. UntersuchiTng der Fljiclie dritter Ordnang hinsichtlicli der projectiv verallgemeinerten Mittelpunkts-Eigenschaften, von Karl Stoltz, Realgymnasiallebrer zu Mainz. 4to. Mainz, 1890. Untersuchungen iiber zweites oder wiederholtes Bliihen, von Georg Jacob, aus Odernheim (Rheinliessen). 8vo. Giessen, 1889. Universitat, Giessen. The Geological Observer. By Sir Henry T de La Beche, C.B., F.R.S., &c. 8vo. London, 1853. Manual of the Birds of New Zealand. By Walter L. Bnller, C.M.G., Sc. D. F.R.S. 8vo. New Zealand, 1882. Colonel J. Waterhodse. Periodicals Purchased. Berlin. Deutsche Litteraturzeitung, — Jahrgang, XI, Nrn. 22 — 33. . Journal fiir die reine und angewandte Mathematik, — Band CVI, Heft 3-4, und Band CVII, Heft I. Zeitschrift fiir Ethnologic,— Heft 2, 1890. Calcutta. Calcutta Review,— Vol. XCI, No. 182. . Indian Medical Gazette,— Vol. XXV, Nos. 7—11. Cassel, Botanisches Centralblatt,— Band XLII, Heft 9—13, Band XLIII, Heft 1—7. Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, — Tome XXIV, Nos. 7—9. Gottingen. Der Konigl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, — Gottin- gische Gelehrte Anzeigen, Nrn. 10 — 14, 1890. . . Nachrichten, Nrn. 5—6, 1890. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie, — Band XL, Heft 4, und Band XLI, Heft 1—2. . . Beiblatter, Band XIV, Stiick 7—8. . Literarisches Centralblatt,— Nrn. 24—34, 1890. . Orientalische Bibliographic, — Band IV, Heft 8. Leyden. Internationales Archiv-fiir Ethnographic, — Band III, Heft 3. London. Mind,— Vol. XV, No. 60. . The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, — Vol, VI, Nos. 31 and 32. . The Chemical News,— Vol. LXII, Nos. 1600—1612. 238 Library. [Nov. London. The Entomologist,— Vol. XXXIII, Nos. 326 and 327. ., The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, — Vol. I, (2id Series) Nos. 314 and 315. . The Ibis,— Vol. II, (6th Series) No. 7. . The Journal of Botany,— Vol. XXVIII, Nos. 331 and 332. . The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine, —Vol. XXX, Nos. 182 and 183. . The Messenger of Mathematics, — Vol. XX, Nos. 2 and 3. . The Nineteenth Century,— Vol. XXVIII, Nos. 162—164. . The Numismatic Chronicle, Vol. X, {3^^ Series), Nos. 37 and 38. . The Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, — Vol. XXXI No. 122. . Rhopalocera Exotica, Part 13, July 1890. . The Society of Arts,— Journal, Vol. XXXVUI, Nos. 1966— 1978. New Haven. The American Journal of Science, — Vol. XXXIX, (3^''^ Series), No. 234, and Vol. XL, Nos. 235 and ?36. Paris. L' Academic des Sciences, — Comptes Rendus des Seances, — Tomo CX, Nos. 22—26 et Tome CXI, Nos. 1—6. . Annales de Chimie et de Physique, — Tome XX, (6™« Serie), Jiiillet et Aout, 1890. . Journal des Savants, — Juin et Juillet, 1890. , Revue Scientifique, — Tome XLVI, Nos. 4—16. . Revue de Linguistique et de Philologie Comparee, — Tome XXIII, Fascicule 3. Revue Critique d' Histoire et de Litterature, — Tome XXIX, Nos. 23—27 et Tome XXX, Nos. 28—33 et Table, Tome XXIX. Philadelphia. Manual of Conchology, — Vol. XII, Part 45 and Vol. VI, (2'»d Series), Part 21. Vienna. Vienna Oriental Journal, — Vol. IX, No. 3. Books Purchased. Cameron, Peter. A Monograph of the British Phytophagous Hymen- optera. Vol. III. (Ray Society). 8vo. London, 1890. HoERNBi?, R., und AuiNGER, M. Die Gasteropoden der meeres-ablagerun. gen der ersten und zweiten miocanen Mediterran-stufe in der Osterreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchic. Leiferung 6. 4to. Wien, 1890. The International Numismata Orientalia, Vol. II. Coins of the Jews. By E. W. Madden, M. R. A. S. 4to. London, 1881. 1890.] Library. 239 The International Numismata Orieutalia, Vol III, Part 2. Coins of Southern India. By Sir Walter Elliot, K. C. S. I., LL. D., F. R. S. 4to. London, 1886. The International Scientific Series, Vol. LXVIII. The Colours of Animals. By E. B. Poulton, M. A., F. R. S. 8vo. London, 1890. . Vol. LXIX. Introduction to Fresh- Water Algae. By M. C, Cooke, M. A., LL. D., A. L. S. 8vo. London, 1890. McCooK, Henry C. American Spiders and their Spinning work. Vols. I— II. 4to. Philadelphia, 1889-90. Seventh Memoir of the Egypt Exploration Fund (Extra volume for 1888-9). The Mound of the Jew and the City of Onias, by Bdouard Naville : and the Antiquities of Tele el Tahudiyeh, by F. LI. Griffith. 4to. London, 1890. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL, For December, 1890. The Montlily General Meeting of the Asiatic Sociefcj' of Bengal was held on. Wednesday the 3rd December 1890, at 9 p. m. H. Beveridge, Esq., C. S., President, in the chair. The following members were present : — Babu Ganrdas Bysack, Hon. Sir A. W. Croft, Babu Saratchandra Das, Babu Jogendrachandra Ghose, W. H. Jobbins, Esq., 0. Little, Esq., C. J. Lyall, Esq., T. R. Munro, Esq., L. de Mceville, Esq., M. H. Oung, Esq., Pandit Haraprasad Sbastri, Dr. W. H. Solf. The minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed, Nineteen presentations were announced, details of which are given in the Library List appended. The following gentlemen, duly proposed and seconded at the last meeting of the Society, were ballotted for and elected Ordinary Mem- bers : — C. A. Samuells, Esq., C. S. Captain A. Brame. Rev. H. B. Hyde. Rai Nalinaksha Bose, Bahadur, Babu Varada Charana Mitra. W. Connan, Esq. The following gentlemen have expressed a wish to withdraw from the Society : — Rev. A. W. Atkinson, Babu Kaliprasana Ghosha. 1^ 242 Preyident — Facsiville of a Tuijlira inscriijt'wn at Maldah. [Dec. The President exhibited a facsimile, kindly lent by Mr. Samuells, of an inscription in the Tughra character which was on a jiiece of black basalt now in the Magistrate's compound at Maldah. The stone had been found in a jungle near Nawabganj on the Maha- nanda about twenty miles S. E. from Gaur. This, and some other stones and some Hindu carvings, had belonged to a faqir, and on his death they were sent to the Magistrate as unclaimed property in Decem- ber 1889. The king referred to in the inscription was an Abyssinian and "was known by the name of Sidhi Badr diwanah (mad). He killed the king of Gaur and then usurped the throne and called himself Shamsuddaniya Abul N'a9r Muzaifar Shah. He was a great tyrant and was apparently killed in 899 A. H. (Blochmann' Contributions, p. 81 and the Riyaz-us-Salatin, pp. 167-169.) The Riyaz says he built a mosque in Gaur and probably this inscription belonged to it. The Hiyaz makes him reign till 903 A. H. Translation. The Prophet (God's blessing on him,) says " He who builds a mosque for God, it will be the reason of purchasing a house like it in para- dise.' It was built in the reign of the great king Shamsuddunya waddin Abunnasr Muzuffar Shah, may God perpetuate his rule and kingdom. This Jarai mosque was built by Majlisul-moazzam walmakarram Majlis Ulugh. Khurshid — May his elevation be everlasting ! on the 10th Rabi- al-awal 898. (30th December, 1492). The President exhibited a cop]ier-plate inscription found at Ashraf- pur in the Dacca district, and read a translation of it by Raja Rajen- dralala Mitra. The copper-plate was found in 1884 or 1885 by a i^yot named Mir Khan while levelling a mound in Ashrafpur about 30m. S. E. of Dacca and about 5m. from the Sital Lakhya. It was 6 or 7 ft. underground. Another plate was found at the same time and was desciibed and figured in our Proceedings for March 1885. The existence of the copper- plate was brought to notice in the Statesman by Tarak Nath Roy, a Brahman residing at Lakarshi, and it was through him that the plate was acquired by the Society. The plate was in very good preservaLion, Proceeoinss, As. Soc. Bengai.. I89D, PLATE. IV. sC'"'^ 0 ffht ir ^-'ei -ot, (Mons. J.), description of a dipterous insect at Simla ... 138 on a new species of Diptera ... ... 224 Birch bark manuscript and coins from Kashgaria ... ... 221 Birds, papers on ... ... ••• ••. ••• lOt Bombay, Anthropological Society of ... ... 59, 69, 99 „ Branch Royal Asiatic Society, ... ... 48, 59 Natural History Society, work done by ... 48, 106, 116 Bonnerjee, (W. C), re-elected an Ordinary Member ... ... 189 Bose, (I. C), withdrawal of ... ... ... ... 199 (P. N.), elected Member of Physical Science Committee ... 137 Chhatisgar : notes on its Tribes, Sects and Castes 224 extracts from the Journal of a trip to the glaciers of Pandim, Kabru, &c. ... ... ... 224 (Rai Nalinaksha) elected an Ordinary Member .. ... 241 Botanic Garden, Calcutta, notice of ... ... ... 55 Botany, papers on ... ... ... ... ... 119 Bower, (Lieut.), on a birch bark manuscript and coins found at Kashgaria ... ... ... ••• .•► 221 Index. 251 Page Brame, (Captain A.), elected an Ordinary Member ... ... 241 BrenthideSy description of ... ... ... ... 204 Budapest, Inter-Ornitliological Congress in May 1891 ... 243 Building .. ... ... ... ... 21 Buldana, find of old coins in ... ... ... ... 161 Burmese Arithmetic, a peculiar method of, explained and illus- trated ... ... ... ... ... 138 „ Currency, past and present, exhibition of coins of ... ih. Butterflies of India ... ... ... ... 30 ,, ,, sub-family Nemeohiince, note on ... ... 138 ,, of Madras, preliminary list of .. ... ... 223 Bysack, (Gaurdas), elected Member of Council ... ... 124 ,, ,, elected Member of Library Committee ... 136 ,, ,, elected Member of Philological Committee ... ib. ,. „ elected Member of History and Archgeologi- cal Committee ... ... ... 137 „ „ elected Member of Physical Science Com- mittee ... ... ... ib. Cadastral Surveys ... ... ... ... ... 79 Choetopoda, papers on ... ... ... ... 117 Goelentera, papers on ... ... ... ... 119 Central Asian Coins, Catalogue of ... ... ... 184 Chakravarti, (Man Mohan), elected an Ordinary Membei ... 175 „ „ Uriya inscriptions of 15th and 16th Centuries ... ... 224 Chambers, (J. W.), withdrawal of ... ... ... 2 Chemistry, researches in ... ... ... ... 96 Chhatisgar, Notes on its Tribes, Sects and Castes ... ... 224 Chuckerbutty, (A. Goodeve), elected an Ordiuaiy Member ... 124 Colombo Museum, notice of ... ... ... ... 55 Committees, election of ... ... ... ... 136 Coin Cabinet, report on ... ... ... ... 21 Coins Committee, election of ... ... ... ... 137 ,, exhibited by Philological Secretary ... ... 7 „ reports on find of old ... ... ... 160,178,190 ,, some new or rare Hindu and Muhammadan ... ... 184 Congress, Intei'-Ornithological, to be held at Budapest in May 1891 ... ... ... ... ... 243 Connan, (W.), elected an Ordinary Member ... ... 241 Copper-plate inscription from Ashrafpur in Dacca ... ... 242 „ „ inscription from Orissa ... ... ... 243 252 Index. Page Cotes, (E. C), elected Member of Natural History Committee ... 137 Council Proceedings, Abstract of during 1890 ... ... 32 ,, election of ... ... ... ... 124 Croft (Hon. Sir A. W.), elected Member of Council ... ... ib. „ „ elected Member of Finance Committee ... 136 ,, ,, elected Member of Library Committee ... ih. Crombie, (Dr. A.), elected Member of Council ... ... 124 Crustacea, papers on ... ... ... ... 117 Cunningham, (Dr. D. D.), elected Member of Council ... 124 ,, ,, elected Member of Library Committee 136 ,, „ elected Member of Natural History Committee ... ... ... 137 „ „ elected Member of Physical Science Committee ... ... ... ib. Curculionides, description of ... ... ... ... 204 Darjeeling, place and river names in ... ... ... 243 Das, (Saratchandra), description of the Tibetan Zodiac ... 2 J, „ notice of papers by ... 67, 68 ^j „ exhibited a drawing of the golden Chaitya of Lhasa ... ... ... 125 J, account of the different hierarchical govern- ments in Tibet from 1045 to 1645 A. D. jj on a birch bark manuscript found in Kash- garia ... ... ... 222 Day, (Dr. Francis), notice on the death of ... ... 42 Death of Members ... ... 1, 125, 160, 170, 190, 220 Desbrochers, des Loges, (M. T.), description de Curculionides et de Brentliides ... ... •.. ... ... 204 Diamond Island plants, list of... ... ... ... 164 Biaphorina Guttulata ... ... ... ... 165 Diptera, on a new species of ... ... ... ... 224 Dipterous insect found in Simla, description of ... ... 138 Donaldson, (P.), re-elected an Ordinary Member ... ... 189 Driver (W. H. P.), elected Member of History and Archseological Committee ... ... ••• ••• ... 137 Durbhanga, find of old coins at ... ... ... 190 Duthie (J. F.), elected Member of Natural History Committee ... 137 Dutt, (R. C), elected an Ordinary Member ... ... 219 EcUnodermata, papers on ... ... ... ... 118 Eliot (J.), elected Member of Physical Science Committee ... 137 ElUpanthus, an additional species of ... ... ... 165 Index. 253 Page Elson, (S. R.), elected Member of Physical Science Commifctoe ... 137 Entomology, papers on ... ... ... 110, 115 Epigraphy, notice of papers on ... ... ... 73 Ethnology, progress in ... ... ... ... 99 False Point, description of an old gun at ... ... ... 166 Finance, notice of ... ... ... ... .. 17 ,, and Visiting Committee, election of ... ... 136 Pishes, papers on ... ... ... ... ... 108 Fiihrer, (Dr. A,), elected Member of Philological Committee ... 135 ,, ,, elected Member of Coins Committee ... 137 ,, ,, elected Member of History and Archaeological Committee ... ... ... ib. Gamble, (J. S.), description of a new genas of Bamboos ... 125 Garga, (Isvari])rasad), death of ... ... ... 125 General Secretary, election of ... ... ... .. 124 Geography and Surveys, progi^ess in ... ... ... 75 Geographical Exploitation and Surveys ... ... ... 76 ,, work, Trans-Frontier ... ... ... 80 Geology, papers on ... ... ... ... 87 Ghosha, (Kaliprasana), withdrawal of ... ... ... 241 „ (Pratapachandra), elected Member of Council ., 124 „ „ elected Member of Finance Committee 136 „ „ elected Member of Library Committee ib. „ „ elected Member of Philological Com- mittee ... ... ... 137 „ „ elected Member of History and Archseo- logical Committee ... ... ib. Ghosal, (Pudmanav), ancient barbaric customs among the Hindus 138 Giles, (Dr. G. M.), elected Member of Natural History Committee 137 „ elected Member of Physical Science Committee ib. Goethals, (Rev. Dr. Paul), elected an Ordinary Member ... 199 Grant, (A.), death of ... ... ... ... 176 Grierson, (G. A.), elected Member of Philological Committee ... 137 Growse, (F. S.), elected Member of History and Archaeological Committee ... ... ... ... ... 137 Gungeya Deva, presentation of a gold coin of ... ... 138 Gurdaspur, find of old coins in ... ... ... 179 Hamilton, (Rev. J. Muir), withdrawal of ... ... ... 147 Hardoi, find of old coins in ... ... ... ... 179 Hartert, (Ernest), Note on Poritia Harterti ... ... 204 Heilgers, (R. P.), elected an Oi'dinary Member ... ... 175 254 Index. Page Hickson, (F. G.), elected au Ordinary Member ... ... 147 Hill, (S. A.), elected Member of Physical Science Committee ... 138 „ death of ... ... ... ... 220 History and Archaeological Committee, appointment of ... 137 Hoernle, (Dr. A. F. R.), elected Philological Secretary ... 124 „ ,, on a forged silver Ramtinki ... 7 „ ,, description of an Astrolabe ... 148 „ ,, on copper coins of the Siiri Dynasty ... 184 „ ,, on some new or rare Hindu and Muham- madan coins .. ... 184 „ ,, descriptive Catalogue of Central Asian coins collected by the Afghan Boundary Commission ... ... ... ih. Honorary Members, death of ... ... ... ... 441 Hot Springs, some new and little known in South Behar ... 184 Hyde, (Rev. H. B.), elected an Ordinary Member ... ... 241 Indian Antiquary, notice of papers in ... ... 58, 69, 75, 100 Indian Museum .. ... ... 17, 4!^, 68 Indian Museum Notes, publication of ... ... ... 51 Integrals, on some Definite ... ... ... ... 165 Jahan Qadr Muhammad Wahid All Bahadur, (Prince) elected Mem- ber of Council ... 124 „ „ elected Member of Library Committee 136 Jalandhar, find of old coins in... ... ... ... 181 Jaunpur, Sharqui Architecture of ... ... ..70 .lay Maugala Garh, ruins at ... ... ... ... 70 Jeypur Museum, notice of ... ... ... ... 54 Jones, (E. J.), notice on the death of ... ... ... 42 Joule, (Dr. J. Prescott), notice on the death of ... ... 42 Journal Asiatique, notice of papers in ... ... ... 60 Journal des Savants, notice of papers in ... ... 60 Kabir-ud-din Ahmad, (Maulvi), notice on the death of ... 221 Kabru, extracts from the Journal of a trip to the glaciers of ... 224 Kashgaria, birch bark manuscript and coins found in ... ... 221 Khuda Bukhsh, (Maulvi), elected Member of Philological Com- mittee ... ... ... ... .-. 137 King, (Dr. G.), Flora of the Malayan Peninsula ... ... 125 ,, ,, elected Member of Natural History Committee ... 137 „ ,, elected Member of Physical Science Committee ... 138 ,, (Dr. W.), note on the, ' Barisal Guns ' ... ... 10 „ „ elected Treasurer ... ,., ... 124 Index. 255 Page Labiatce, some additional species of .. ... ... 2^3 Lafont, (Rev. Fathei;), elected Member of Physical Science Com- f, mittee ... ... ... 138 „ „ exhibited Edison's new Phonograph ... 190 Lake, (Phillip), elected an Ordinary Member ... ... 147 Latitude operations ... ... ... ... 78 La Tonche, (J. J. D.), elected Member of Physical Science Com- mittee ... ... ... ... ... 138 Lee, (W. A.), on the Barisal Gruns ... ... ... 10 Lethierry, (M.), description of a new Psyllid ... ... 165 Library ... 11, 20, 128, 142, 151, 168, 184, 193, 210, 225, 246 ,, Committee, election of ... ... ... 136 Lightning, photograph of a flash of ... ... ... 176 Linnean Society, Journal of ... ... ... ... 52 Little, (C), elected Secretary ... ... ,,, ... J24 London Agency ... ... ... ... ... 20 Lucknow Museum, notice of ... ... ... ... 52 Lyall, (0. J.), elected Member of Philological Committee ... 137 Macdonald, (A.), withdrawal of ... ... ... 220 Madras Central Museum, notice of ... ... ... 53 Madras Journal of Literature and Science, notice of papers in the ... ... ... ... 59, 69, 72 Mainwaring, (Lieut.-General), theory on the origin of the ' Barisal Guns' ... ... ... ... ... 209 Malayan Peninsula, Flora of ... ... ... ... 125 Maldah, Tughra inscription at ... ... .,, 242 Mammals, Catalogue of ... ... ... 51, 102 Mandlik, (Hon. V. N.), notice on the death of ... ... 43 Manik Tham Monolith in the Puraniya district, note on the ... 243 Mann, (J. H.), elected Member of Library Committee ... 136 ,, ,, Philological Committee ... ... ... 137 Marine Survey ... ... ... ... ... 86 Mantodea, catalogue of ... ... ... ... 49 Member List, state of ... ... ... ... 16 Members, death of ... ... 1, 125, 160, 176, 190, 220 „ election of 1, 124, 135, 147, 175, 189, 199, 219, 241 „ of Council, election of ... ... ... 124 „ in arrear of subscription for over 2 years, proceedings against ... ... ... ... 221 „ withdrawal of ... 2, 136, 147, 175, 189, 199, 219, 241 Meteorology, progress in, ... ... ... ... 90 256 Index. Page Microscopical Society ... ... ... ... 47 Middlemiss, (0. S.), elected Member of Natural History Com- mittee ... ... ... 137 ,, „ elected Member of Physical Science Com.- mittee ... ... ... 138 Milldew and Rust in India ... ... ... ... 165 Mitra, (Raja R.), elected Vice-President, ... ... ... 124 ,, ,, elected Member of Finance Committee ... 136 ,, ,, elected Member of Library Committee ... ib. ,, ,, elected Member of Philological Committee ... 137 ,, „ elected Member of Coins Committee ... ib. „ ,, elected Member of History and Archaaological Committee ... ... ... ib. „ (Varada Charana), elected an Ordinary Member ... 241 Moller, (Otto C. R.), notice on the death of ... ... 42 Mollusca, papers on ... ... ... ... 110 Monthly General Meetings 1, 124, 135, 147, 159, 175, 189, 199, 219, 241 Moore, (F.), on some Indian Psyohidce ... ... ... 224 Moths of India, catalogue of ... ... ... ... 49 Mukhai'ji, (T. N.), elected an Ordinary Member ... ... 189 Mukherji, (Nilmani), elected Member of Philological Committee 136 Mukhopadhyay, (Asutosh), elected Member of Library Committee ib. „ „ elected Member of Philological Com- mittee ... ... ... 137 ,, ,, on some Definite Integrals ... 165 Mungir, kutila inscription at Mudgal-Asrama ... ... 191 Murshidabad, find of old coins in ... ... ... 161 Myriojpoda, papers on ... ... ... ... 116 Natural History Committee, election of ... ... ... 137 J, ,, Secretary, appointment of ... ... 200 Nematodea, -pSiTpers on ... ... ... ... 117 Nemeobilnce, Pupae of two Indian butterflies of the subfamily of ... 138 Niceville (L. de), elected Member of Council ... ... ]24 elected Member of Library Committee ... J 36 j^ „ elected Member of Natural History Committee 137 ,j ,, on the pupae of two Indian butterflies subfamily Nemeohiinre Numismatics, notice of papers on ... ... ... 61 Noetling, (Dr. Fritz), elected Member of Natural History Com- mittee ... ... ... 138 ,, „ elected Member of Physical Science Com- mittee ... ... ... ib. Index. 267 Page Nyayaratna, (Mahesacliaiidra), elected Member of Library Com- mittee ... ... 136 „ „ elected Member of Philological Committee ... ... ib. Obituary ... ... ... ... ... 41 Oldham, (R. D.), elected Member of Natural History Committee 137 ,, ;, elected Member of Physical Science Committee ib. Omatius Lividipes ... ... ... ... 138 Oriental History, Literature and Linguistic studies, notice of ... 56 Pala Devas, note on coins of the ... ... ... 205 Pandim, extracts from the Journal of a tinp to the glaciers of ... 224 Parry, (J. W.), withdrawal of ... ... ... 176 Patna, find of old coins in ... ... ... ... 183 Peal, (S. E.), elected Member of Natural History Committee ... 137 Pedlei*, (A.), elected Member of Physical Science Committee ... ib. Petley, (Captain E. W.), elected Member of Physical Science Com- mittee ... ... ... ... ... ib. „ „ withdrawal of ... ... ... 159 Phillott, (Captain D. C), elected Member of Philological Com- mittee ... ... ... ... ... 136 Philological Committee, election of ... ... ... ib. ,, Secretary, election of ... ... ... 124 „ „ exhibited a foi'ged silver Ramtinki ... 7 „ „ exhibited two Astrolabes .. ... 148 „ „ reports on find of old coins ... 160, 178, 190 ,, publications, notice of ... ... ... 61 Photograph of a flash of lightning ... ... ... 176 Photographic dry plates showing reversal of the image ... 201 Photographic Society of India, two rooms rented to the 176, 200 Physical Science Committee, election of ... ... ... 137 Pilcher, (Brigade- Surgeon J. G.), elected an Ordinary Member ... 135 Pope (T. A.), withdrawal of ... ... ... ... 220 Poritia harterti, note on ... ... ... ... 204 Prain, (Dr. D.), elected Member of Physical Science Committee 137 „ ,, non-indigenous species of the Andaman Flora ... 149 ,, ,, list of Diamond Island plants ... ... 164 ,, ,, an additional sjiecies of EUipanthus ... ... 165 ,, ,, some additional species of Labiatae ... ... 243 President, annual address of ... ... ... ... 39 ,, election of ... ... ... ... 124 ,, announced that two rooms would be let to the Photo- graphic Society ... ... 176, 200 258 Lidex. Page President, reported the transfer of the Society's investments to the 4 per cent, loan ... ... ... 200 „ remarks on the death of Mr. E. F. T. Atkinson ... 220 „ exhibited facsimile of a Tugra inscription at Maldah ... 242 ,, exhibited a copper-plate inscription found at Ashrafpur ib. ^, exhibited facsimile of an inscription from a mosque at Suri ... ... ... ... 24.3 Presentations, announcement of , ], 7, 124, 135, 138, 147, 159, 175, 189, 191 Protozoa, papers on ... ... ... ... 119 Psycliidce, on some Indmn ... ... ... .. 224 PsyJJid, description of a new ... ... ... ... 165 Publications of the Society ... ... ... ... 45 Puri, Uriya inscriptions from the temple at ... ... 224 Rainey, (H. J.), note on the ' Barisal Guns ' ... ... 8 Rajmahal, find of old coins in ... ... ... 160 Rampal, ruins at ... ... ... ... ... 70 Ramtinki, exhibition of a forged ... ... ... 7 Rays, obsei'vations on the gestation of ... ... ... ib. Reptiles, papers on ... ... ... ... 106 Bevue Linguistique, notice of papers in ... ... ... 60 Rivett-Carnac, (J. H.) elected Member of Coins Committee ... 137 „ „ elected Member of History and Archseolo- gical Committee ... ... ib. Rodgers, (C. J.), elected Member of Coins Committee ... ib. Uoift/era, paper on ... ... ... ... 117 Roy, (Maharaja Girjanath), elected an Ordinary Member ... 135 Royal Asiatic Society, notice of papers in Journal of ... 59 Rule 70, alteration of ... ... ... 220, 221 Rust and Mildew in India ... ... ... ... 165 Sadler, (Major J. H.), elected Member of Council ... ... 1/4 ,, ,, elected Member of Library Committee ... 136 „ „ elected Member of Philological Committee 137 ,, „ elected Member of Finance Committee ... 136 Samuells, (C. A.), elected an Ordinary Member ... ... 241 Sanskrit publications, notices of ... ... ... 63 Sai'kar, (Dr. Mahendralal), elected Member of Libi'ary Committee 136 „ ,, elected Member of Physical Science Committee ... ... 137 Sarvadhikari, (Rajkumar), elected Member of Philological Committee 136 Sastri, (Bapu Deva), death of ... ... ... 190 Sayid Ahmad, (Sir) elected Member of Philological Committee ... 137 Index. 259 Page Sclaty, (W. L.), elected Member of Council ... ... 124 „ „ elected Member of Library Committee ... 136 ,, „ elected Member of Natural History Committee... 137 „ „ appointed Natural History Secretary ... 200 Scully, (Dr. J.), elected Member of Council ... ... 124 „ „ elected Member of Finance Committee ... 136 „ „ elected Member of Coins Committee ... 137 „ ,, elected Member of Library Committee ... 136 „ ,, elected Member of Natural History Committee ... 137 „ „ elected Member of Physical Science Committee... 138 Secretaries, election of ... ... ... ,„ 124 Secretaries office, report on ... ... ... ... 21 Secretaries, vote of thanks to... ... ... ... 40 Shahpur, find of old coins in ... ... ... ... 160 Sharks, observations on the gestation of ... ... ... 7 Shastri, (^Haraprasad), elected Member of Council ... ... 124 „ ,, account of a Bengali Brahmana in the Singhalese Buddhist Hierarchy of the 11th Century, A. D. ... ... 125 ,, ,, elected Member of Finance Committee ... ih. „ „ elected Member of Philological Committee 137 ,, „ description of an old gun at False Point ... 166 „ „ exhibited a map of ancient Aryavarta ... 204 „ „ exhibited a copper-plate inscription from Orissa ... ... ... 243 Shyamaldas, (Kaviraja), elected Member of Histoi-y and Archeeolo- gical Committee ... ... ... ... 137 Sikkim, place and river names in ... ... ... 243 Simpson, (Dr. W. J.), elected Member of Physical Science Com- mittee ... ... ... ... ... 138 Singh, (Kumar Sarat Chandra), re-elected an Ordinary Member... 219 „ (Maharaja Isvariprasad) , notice on the death of ... 43 „ (Thakur Suraj Bukhsh), elected an Ordinary Member ... 1 Sivaprasad, Raja, presentation of a forged silver Ramtinki ... 7 Smith, (V. A.), elected Member of Coins Committee ... 137 „ „ coins of the Pala Devas ... ... ... 205 Solar Photography, ... ... ••• ••• 79 Solf, (Dr. W. H.), elected an Ordinary Member ... ... 147 Spider, a new trap door, from Orissa ... ... ... 223 Stockholm, International Congress of Orientalists at ... 56 Suri Dynasty, on the copper coins of ... ... ... IS'A 260 Index. Page Swiulioe, (Colonel C.)j elected Member of Natural History Com- mittee ... ... ... ... ... 137 Tawney, (C. H.), elected Member of Council ... ... 124 ,, ,, elected Member of Librai'y Committee ... 136 ,, ,, elected Member of Philological Committee ... 137 Temple, (Captain R, C), elected Member of Philological Com- mittee ... ... ... ib. ,, ,, elected Member of History and Archse- ological Committee ... ... ib. „ ,, exhibited Burmese coins and explained a peculiar method of Burmese arith- metic ... ... ... 138 Thuillier, (Colonel H.), elected Member of Physical Science Com- mittee ... ... ... ... ... tb. Thibaut, (Dr. G.), elected Member of Philological Committee ... 137 Tibet ... ... ... ... ... ... 82 Tibet, account of the different hierarchical governments in, from 1045 to 1645 A. D. ... ... ... ... 184 Tibetan Zodiac, description of ... ... ... 2 Toker, (Col. A. C), elected Member of Physical Science Com- mittee ... ... ... 137 ,, „ withdrawal of ... • ... ... 176 Topographical Surveys ... ... ... ... 79 Treasurer, election of ... ... ... ... 124 Trematoda, papers on ... ... ... ... 117 Turkestan and Central Asia ... ... ... ... 83 Twenty-four Pergunnahs, find of old coins in ... ,,, 162 Uredince, in the neighbourhood of Simla, list of ... ... 125 Uriya inscriptions of the 15th and 16th Centuries ... ... 224 Vernacular Literature, notice of ... ... ... 61 Venis, (A.), elected an Ordinary Member... ... ... 124 Vice-Presidents, election of ... ... ... ... ib. Vienna Oriental Journal, papers in ... .. 70, 75 Waddell, (Dr. L. A.), some new and little known Hot Springs in South Behar ... ... ... 184 „ „ on a kutila inscription at Mudgal Asrama, Mungir ... ... ... 19J „ ,, on jjlace and river names in the Dai-jeeling district and Sikhim ... ... 243 ,, ,, note on the " Manik-tham " monolith in the Pui"aniya district ... ... ib. Index. 261 j^ Waldie, (Dr. D.), notice on the death of ... ... ,^^ 42 Walsh, (Dr. J. H. TuU), elected Member of Natural History Com- mittee ... ... 237 j> »» a new trap-door spider from Orissa ... 223 Waterhouse, (Colonel J.), elected Vice-President ... ... 124 >» » elected Member of Finance Committee 17G >• » elected Member of Library Committee ib. >» » elected Member of Physical Science Committee ... ... ... 133 ,. M exhibited photograph of a flash of light- ning ... ... ... 176 }> » exhibited a bottle of Silicate of Soda from which the silica had separated ib. „ „ exhibited photographic dry plates show- ing reversal of the image ... 201 M » exhibited birch bark manuscript and coins found in Kashgaria ... 221 Withdrawal of Members ... ... 2, 136, 147, 159, 176 Wright, (Dr. William), death of ... ... ... 41 Wood-Mason, (J.), elected Vice-President ... ... 124 „ „ vote of thanks to ... ... ... 40 „ „ elected Member of Finance Committee ... 136 „ „ elected Member of Library Committee ... ib. „ „ elected Member of History and Archaeological Committee ... ... ... 137 „ „ elected Member of Natural History Committee ib. „ „ elected Member of Physical Science Com- mittee ... ... ... 138 „ „ resigned Editorship of the Journal ... 200 Yule, (Colonel Sir Henry), death of ... ... 1,41,76 Zoological Garden, Calcutta, notice of ... ... ... 85 Zoology, papers on ... ... ... ... 102 LIST OF MEMBERS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. On the 31ST December 1889, LIST OF OFFICE-BEARERS AND MEMBERS OF COUNCIL FOR THE YEAR 1889. President. Co] . J. Waterhouse, B. S. 0. Vice-Presidents. E. T. Atkinson, Esq., C. I. E., B. A., C. S. Raja Rajendralala Mitra, C. I. E., LL. D, J. Wood-Mason, Esq. Secretaries and Treasurer. Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle. C. Little, Esq., B. A. W. King, Esq., B. A., D. Sc. Other Members of Council. H. M. Percival, Esq., M. A. E. Gay, Esq., M. A. H. Beveridge, Esq., C. S. A. Fedler, Esq., F. C. S. A. Simson, Esq. Dr. J. Scully. Pandit Haraprasad Sliastri, M. A. Dr. D. D. Cunningham. Hon. Sir A. W. Croft, K. C. I. E., M. A. Prince Jalian Qadr Muhammad Wahid All, Bahadur. Babii Gaurdas Bysack. Dr. A. Crombie. J. Beames, Esq. LIST OF ORDINARY MEMBERS. R. = Resident. N. R. = Non-Resident. A. = Absent. N. S = Non-Subscribino' L. M. = Life Member. P. M. = Foreign Member. N. B. — Members who have changed their residence since the list was drawn tip are requested to give intimation of such a change to the Secretaries, in order that the necessary alteration may be made in the subsequent edition. Errors or omissions in the following list should also be communicated to the Secretaries. Members who are about to leave India and do not intend to return are parti- cularly requested to notify to the Secretaries whether it is their desire to continue Members of the Society ; otherwise, in accordance with Rule 40 of the Bye-Laws, their names will be removed from the list at the expiration of three years from the time of their leaving India. Date of Election. 1860 Dec. 5. 1885 Mar. 4. 1888 Feb. 1. R. R. N.R. 1889 N"ov. 6. 1860 July 4. R. N.R. 1888 April 4. R. 1872 April 3. 1860 April 4. 1888 Feb. 1. N.R. A. N.R. 1884 Mar. 5. L.M. 1874 June 3. R. 1888 Feb. 1. 1865 Jan. 11. 1884 Sept. 3. 1887 June 1. 1887 May 4. R. F.M. R. R. R. 1871 Sept. 6. R. 1869 Feb. 3. N.R. Abdul-Latif, Nawab Bahadur, c. i. e. Calcutta. Abdur Rahman, A. F. M., Barristcr-at-Law. GalcAdta. Adamson, Major Charles Henry Ellison, M. s. c, Deputy Commissioner. Bangoon. Adie, J. R., M. B., Surgeon, Eden Hospital. Calcutta. Ahmad Khan, Bahadur, Hon. Sayid, K. c. s. i. Aligarh. Ahmud, Maiilvi, Khan Bahadur, Arabic Professor, Fresidancy College. Calcutta. Ashan-ullah, Khjin Bahadur, Nawab. Dacca. Aitchison, J. E. T., m. d., c. i. e. Europe. Alcock, Alfred William, m. b., Surgeon Naturalist, Marine Sui-vey Department. A'li, Sir Ali Qadr Syud Hassan, Nawab Bahadur, K. c. I. E. MnrsJieclabad. Amir Ali, Hon. c. i. e , m. a. Barrister-at-Lavy, Judge, High Court. Calcutta. Anderson, Henry H. Calcutta. Anderson, John, M. D., F. R S., F. l. s. Europe. Anderson, J. A. Calcutta. Apjohn, J. H , M. T. C. E., P. W. Dept. Calcutta. Atkinson, Rev. Augustus W., M. A., Principal, La Martiuiere. Calcutta. Atkinson, Edwin Felix Thomas, C. i. E., B. A., c. s. Acct.-General, Bengal. Calcutta. Attar Singh, Bahadur, Sirdar, Sir, K., c. r. e., M. u F., Chief of Bhadour. Ludiana. Date of Election. 1889 Aug. 29. N.R Aziz-ud-din Ahmad, Deputy Collector and Magis- I trate. Jaunpur. 1870 Feb. 2. L.M 1865 Nov. 7. 1889 May 1. 1862 Aug. 1. N.R N.S. R. 1869 Dec. 1. 1877 Jan. 17. 1885 Nov. 4. 1885 Aug. 5. 1881 Aug. 3. 1887 Aug. 3. 1886 June 2. 1873 Feb. 5. 1864 Sept. 7. 1878 Sept. 25. 1862 Oct. 8. 1876 Nov. 15. 1878 Oct. 4. 1879 Mar. 5. 1884 Jan. 2. 1884 Feb. 6. 1885 Jan. 7. 1885 Mar. 4. 1886 Aug. 4. 1857 Mar. 4. 1859 Aug. 3. 1885 Mar. 4. 1889 Sept. 26. 1880 Nov. 3. L.M, N.R. R. A. A. R. F.M. R. R. N.R. A. R. R. A. N.R. N.R. A. N.R. N.R, L.M. L.M. R. R. N.R. Baden-Powell, Baden Henry, c. i. e., c. s,, Offg. Judge, Chief Court of the Panjab. Laliore. Ball, Valentine, M. A., F. u. s., p. G. s. Europe. Banerji, Hon. Dr. Gurudas, M. A., D. l., Judge, High Court. Calcutta. Barclay, Arthur, m. b., Surgeon Major, Sec. to Sur- geon General and Sanitary Commissioner with the Govt, of India. Simla. Barkei', R. A., M. D., Civil Surgeon. Serampore. Barman, Kishor Kumar Radha Dev, Juvraj of Hill Tipperali. TipperaJi. Barman, Damudar Das. Calcutta. Barnett, John, Bengal Pilot Service. England. Barstow, Henry Clements, C. s., Magistrate and Collector. Europe. Basu, Harichavan. Calcutta. Baumgarten, Casper Wilhelm. Batavia. Bayne, R. R., M. R. I., B. A., Chief Engineer's Office, E. I. Railway. Calcutta. Beames, John, c. s., Member, Board of Revenue. Calcutta Beighton, T. D., C. s., Judge. Dacca. Bernard, Sir Charles Edward, K. c. S. i., C. S. Europe. Beveridge, Henry, c. s., District and Sessions Judge. Alipur. Bhakta, Krishna Gopal. Calctitta. Biddulph, Col. J., B. S. C. Europe. Bidie, G., Surgeon- General C. i. E., F. L. S., M. b., Belmont, Ootacamvind. Madras. Bigg-Wither, Major A. C, b. a , A. i. c. B. Quetta. Bignold, T. E., c. S. Europe. Bilgrami, Syud Ali, B. A., A. R. s. M., F. a. s. Syderahad. Bingham, Major Charles Thomas, B. s. c, Deputy Conservator of Forests. Burmali. Blanford, H. F., A. R. s. M., F. R. s., F. G. S. England. Blanford, W. T., A. r. s. m., p. r. s., f. g. s., f. r. g. S., F. z. s. London. Bolton, C. W., c. s., Secretary, Board of Revenue. Calcutta. Bose, I. C, B. A., Financial Department, Govern- ment of India. Calcutta. Bose, Pramatha Nath, b. sc, f. G. S., Geological Survey of India. Date of Election. 1876 NW. 15. 1868 Jan. 15. 1876 May 4. 1860 Mar. 7. 1887 May 4. 1862 Feb 5. 18 79 April 2. 1880 Mar. 3. 1881 Feb. 2. 1885 April 1. 1889 April 3. 1881 Mar. 2. 1880 Jan. 7. 1861 Mar. 1. 1880 N"ov. 3. 1886 April 7. 1885 Feb. 4. 1889Sept. 26. 1885 April 1. 1877 Aug. 30. 1880 Aug. 26. 1881 May 4. 1888 Nov. 1. 1889 Nov. 6. 1886 Aug. 26. 1874 Nov. 4. 1884 Aug. 6. 1876 Mar. 1. 1887 Aug. 25. 1877 June 6. NR. N.R. N.R. L.M. R. L.M. R. N.R. N.R. N.R. R. A. R. NR. N.R. N.R. N.R. N.R. N.R. R. F.M. N.R. N.R. R. F.M. F.M. R. N.R. R. R. Bowie, Colonel, M. M. Inspector General of Police C P. JVagpiir. Boxwell, John, c. s., Commissioner, Patna Division. BayiMpuT. Bradsliaw, Deputy Surgeon- General A. F., M. D. Raioal Pindi. Brandis, Sir Dietrich, K. C. I. E., c. I. E., ph. d., f. l. S., F. R. s. Europe. Bural, Nobinchaud, Solicitor. Calcutta. Bjsack, Gaurdas. Calcutta. Calcutta, The Rt. Rev. the Lord Bishop of. Calcutta. Carlleyle, A. C, Archaeological Survey of India. Allahabad . Carter, Philip John, Deputy Conservator of Forests. Port Blair. Chambers, J. W. Narainganj. Chandra, Goneschandra, Solicitor. Calcutta. Channing, Francis Chorley, c. s. Europe. Chaudhuri, Govinda Kumar. Calcutta. Chaudhuri, Harachandra, Zemindar. Sherpur Mymensingh. Chaudhuri, Rai Khirod Chandra. Deputy Inspector of Schools, Sonthal Pergunnahs. Dumlca. Chaudhuri, Radhaballabha. Sherpur, Mymensingh. Chaudhuri, Raja Suryakanta, Bahadur. Mymen- singh. Chuckerbutty, Raja Ramranjan, Bahadur. Hitam- pur, Beerbhoom. Clai^k, H. Martyn, m. b. Amritsar. Clarke, Lieut.-Ool. Henry Wilberforce, R. E. Cal- cutta. Clerk, Colonel Malcolm G. Europe. Cockburn, John, Asst. Sub-Deputy Opium Agent. Karwi, Banda, N.-W. P. CoUett, Brigadier General, Heniy, c. b , f. l. s. Shillong, Assam.. Colville, W. B. Calcutta. Condenhove, Count H., Attache Austro-Hungarian Legation. Constantinople. Constable, Ai-chibald, M. i. c. E. England. Cotes, E. C. Indian Museum. Calcutta. Crawfurd, James, B, A., c. s., Barrister-at-Law, OfBg. District and Sessions Judge. Patyia. Griper, William Risdon, F. c. s., F. i. C.,A. R. s. M. Kasipur. Croft, The Hon. Sir A. W., K. c. I. E , M. A., Direc- tor of Public Instruction, Bengal. Calcutta. Date of Election. 1874 Ifor. 4. R. 1888 Dec. 5. N.R. 1873 Aug. 6. R. 1873 Dec. 3. N.R. 1877 June 6. N.R. 1865 June 7. 1879 April 7. N.R. N.R. 1885 May 6. 1889 May 1. 1862 May 7. ]877 July 4. N.R. N.R. N.R. R. 1886 June 2. 1887 Nov. 2. 1889 Jan. 2. R. N.R. N.R. 1879 Feb. 5. N.R. 1877 Aug. 30. N.R. 1870 Mar. 9. 1863 May 6. L.M. R. 1874 Dec. 2. A. 1871 Dec. 2. N.R. 1886 Jan. 6. R. 1876 Jan. 5. 1879 July 2. F.M. R. 1869 Sept. 1. 1886 April 7. 1876 July 5. N.R. N.R. N.R. 1880 April 7. N.R. 1873 Dec. 3. N.R. Crombie, Alexander, m. d., Surgeon Major, Presi- dency General Hospital. Calctitta. Crooke, William, b. a., c. s.. Magistrate and Col- lector. Fatigliar. Cunningbam, David Douglas, Surgeon-Major. Ho- norary Surgeon to the Viceroy. Calcutta. Dames, Mansel Longwortb, c. s., Asst. Commis- sioner. Dera Ohazi Khan. Darbhanga, Sir Luclimessur Sing, Bahadur, K. c. I. K., Maharaja of. Darbhanga. Das, Raja Jaykrishna, Bahadur, c. s. I. Bijnor. Das, Ram Saran, m. a., Secy., Oudh Commercial Bank, Limited. Fyzabad, Oudh. De, Raja Baikuutanath, Bahadur. Balasore. Delawar Hosaen Ahmed, Meerza. Chja. Dhanapati Singh Dughar, Rai Bahadur. Azimganj. Diler Jang, Nawab S_yad Ashgar Ali, Khan Baha- dur, c. s. I. Calcutta. Doyle, Patrick, c. E., F. G. S., M. r. a. s. Calcutta. Driver, Walter Henry Parker. Ranchi, Lohardugga. Dudgeon, Gerald Cecil, Lebong Tea Company. JJar- jeeling. Duthie, J. P., Director, Government Botanical Survey, Northern India. Saharanpur. Dutt, Kedarnath, Depy. Collector. Cuttach. Edinburgh, H. R. H. The Duke of. Europe. Edgar, Sir John Ware k. c. i. e., c. s. i., c. s. Se- cretary, Government of Bengal. Calcutta. Egerton, The Hon. Sir Robert Eyles, K. c. s. i., C. I. E., C. S. Europe. Eliot, J., M. a.. Meteorological Reporter to the Govt, of India. Simla. Elson, Samuel R. Bengal Pilot Service. Calcutta. Feistmantel, Ottokar, M. d. Europe. Finucane, M. C. s.. Director of Agriculture, Bengal. Calcutta. Fisher, John Hadden, c. S. Azamghar. Fleet, John Faithfull, c. i. E., c. s. Bijapiir, Bombay. Foulkes, The Rev. Thos., f. l. s., m. r. a. s., f. r. g. s. Salem, Madras Presidency. Gajapati, Ananda Ram, k. c. i. e.. Raja of Viziana- gram. Vizianagram. Gamble, J. S., m. a., Conservator of Forests, North- ern Circle. Madras. bate of Klection. 1883 A^g. 1. 1859 Aug. 3. 1867 Dec. 4. 1889 Jan. 2. 1883 Aug. 30. 1889 Mar. 6. 1871 May 3. 1869 Feb. 3. 1884 Dec. 3. 1886Sepfc.30. 1861 Feb. 5. 1882 May 3. 1881 Mar. 2. 1877 Nov. 7. 1876 Nov. 15. 1885 Dec. 2. 1861 Sept. 4. 1861 Feb. 6. 1886 Mar. 3. 1888 July 4 3889 May 1. 1889 June 5. 1883 Jan. 3. 1875 Mar. 3. 1883 May 2. 1872 Dec. 5. 1878 Mar. 1886 June 1884 Mar. 1873 Jan. 2. 1863 Jan. 15. 1878 Sept. 25. 1867 Auo-. 7. N.R. LM. R. R. R. R. R. R. N.R. N.R. N.S. R. R. L.M. N.R. N.R. A. N.R. N.R, R. R. F.M. N.R. N.R, N.R. R. N.R. R. N.R. L.M. A. A. N.R. Garga, Kumar Isvariprasad, Zemindar. Maisddal. Gasfcrell, General James Eardley. Europe. Gay, E. M. A., F. E. A. s., Comptroller-General. Calcutta. Ghose, Jogendrachandra, M. A., B. L. Calcutta. Ghose, Manmolian. Calcutta. Ghosha, Biipendra Sri. Calcutta. Glioslia, Kaliprasanna. Calcutta. Ghosha, Pratapchandra, b. a. Calcutta. Giles, George, M. J., M. B., r. R. c. s., Civil Surgeon. Soshangabad. Gimlette, George Hart Desmond, Surgeon, Bengal Medical Service, M. r>., M. CH., M. r. c. s., l. s. a. Gooua Political Agency. Central India. Godwin- Austen, Lieut.-Colonel H. H., f. r. s., f.z. s., F. R. G. s. Europe. Golam Sarwar, Maulavi. Calcidta. Gosain, Hem Chunder. Calctitta. Grant, Alexander, M. i. C. E. Europe. Grierson, George Abraham, c. S. Gya. Griesbach, 0. L., c. l. B., F. G. s., Deputy Superin- tendent, Geological Survey of India. Griffin, Sir Lepel Henry, K. c. S. i., c. s. Europe. Growse, Frederick Salmon, c. i. e., m. a., c. s., Mag- istrate and Collector. Fatehgarh, N.-W. P. Gupta, Asutosh, c. s., Assistant Magistrate and Collector. Beguserai, Monghyr. Gupta, Rajanikanta. Calcutta. Hamilton, Rev. J. Muir, b. d. Calcutta. Hamilton, Rev. Walter A., Chaplain, Bengal Estab- lishment. Europe. Harding, Francis Henry, B. A., c. S. GMttagong. Hendley, Surgeon Major Thomas Holbein. Jeypore. Hill, Samuel, Alexander, b. sc, a. r. s. m., f. c. s., Prof, of Physical Science, Muir College and Meteor. Reporter to Govt., N.-W. P. and Oudh. Allaliahad. Hoernle, A. F. R., ph. d., Principal of the Cal- cutta Madrasa. Calcutta. Hoey, W., c. s. Banda. Hogg, Alexander. Calcutta. Hooper, John, c. s.. Settlement Officer. Basti, N.-W. P. Houstoun, G. L., p. g. s. Europe. Howell, Mortimer Sloper, c. s. Europe. Hughes, G., C. s. Europe. Hughes, T. W. H., A. R. s. m., f. g. s., Superinten- dent Geol. Survey of India. Date of Election. 1S66 Jan. 17. 1870 Jan. 5. 1884- May 2. 1872 Dec. 4. 1866 Mar. 7. 1884 May 2. 1880 Dec. 1. 1869 Aug. 4. 1879 Mar. 5. 1881 Feb. 2. 1889 Mar. 6. 1873 Dec. 3. 1882 Mar. 1. 1874 Dec. 2. 1884 Nov. 5. 1867 Dec. 4. 1881 Mar. 2. 1862 Jan. 15. 1889 Mar. 6. 1889 July 3. 1887 May 4. 1877 Sep. 27. 1889 Mar. 6. 1889 Nov. 6. 1881 Mav. 2. 1888 Feb. 1. A. N.R. N.R. N.R. F.M. N.R. N.R. R. A. N.R. R. N.R. N.R. N.R. N.R. R. F.M. R. R. N.R. L.M. N.R. N.R. R. N.R. N.R. Hughes, Major W. G., M. s. C. Europe. Hume, Allan Octaviau, c. b., c. s. Simla. Hussein, Syud, b. a.. Secy, to Nizam of Hyderabad's Council. Hyderabad. Ibbetson, Denzil Charles Jelf, c. s. Deputy Com- missioner. Gujravwala, Panjab. Irvine, William c. s. Europe. Iskander Ali Mirza, Prince. Murshedabad. Jackson, William Grierson, c. s. Deputy Commis- sioner. Oral, Jalaun. Jahan Qadr Muhammad Wahid Ali, Bahadur, Prince. Garden Heach, Calcutta. Jarrett, Lt.-Col. H. S., B. s. c, Secy, to the Board of Examiners. Europe. Jenkins, Major Thomas Morris, m. s. c. Deputy Commissioner. Tavoy. Jobbins, William Henry, Pi-incipal, Government School of Art. Calcutta. Johore, H. H. the Maharaja of, K. c. S. I. New Johore, Singapore. Kennedy, Pringle, m. a. Mozuferpur. Khuda Baksh, Khan Bahadur, Maulavi. BanJcipur. Kitts, Eustace John, c. s. Banda. King, Brigade Surgeon G. C. i. E., M. B., F. L. s., Supdt., Royal Botanic Garden. Sibpur. King, Lucas White, B. A., ll. b., c. s.. Assistant Agent to the Governor General, Central India. Europe. King, W., B. a., d. sc, Director, Geological Survey of India. Calcutta. Khunnah, Jaganath. Calcutta. Lai, Pandit Brij Bukhan. Public Works Depart- ment. Kurnal, Punjab. Lanman, Charles R. Corresponding Secretary of the American Oriental Society, Professor of San- skrit in Harvard College. Cambridge, Mass. U. S. America. La Touche, James John Digges, B. A., c. s., Menbu, Upper Burma. La Touche, Thomas Henry Digges, M. A. Deputy Superintendent, Geological Survey of India. Lee, W. A. Calcutta. Lee, J. Bridges, M. A., f. g. s., f. c. s., f. z. s., Barrister-at-Law. Lahore. Lee, William Herbert, c. s. Ciittack. Date of Election. 1880 jTly 7. 1889 Feb. 6. 1886 Sep. 30. 1869 July 7. 1870 April 7, 1884 Dec. 3. 1868 Dec. 2. 1886 June 2. 1879 Feb. 5. 1848 April 5. 1873 Dec. 3. 1880 May 5. 1881 July 6. 1886 Jan. 6. 1882 Aug. 2. 18y8 July 4. 1867 April 3. 1889 Jan. 2. 1869 Sept. 1. 1889 Mar. 6. 1869 July 7. 1886 Aug. 26. 1860 Mar. 7. 1886 Mar. 8. 1884 Nov. 5. ■ 1871 Sept. 6. 1884 Sept. 3. 1870 July 6. 1874 May 6. 1856 Mar. 5. A. R- N.R. R. L.M. N.R. N.R. R. N.R. L.M. R. N.R. R. N.R. R. N.R. R. R. R. R. N.R. N.R. A. L.M. N.R. A. R. R. N.R. R. Lewis, Rev. Arthur, b. a., Europe. Little, 0., M. A., Bengal Education Department. Calcutta. Luson, Hewling, c. s.. Assistant Magistrate. Gya. Lyall, Charles, James, b. a., g. s. Calcutta. Lyman, B. Smith. Philadelphia, Pa., TJ. 8., America. McCabe, R. B., c. s.. Deputy Commissioner. Tezpur Assam. Macauliffe, Michael, b. a., c. s.. Judicial Assistant Commissioner. Siallcot. Macdonald, A., Editor, " Englishman." Calcutta. Macgregor, Lieut.-Col. C. R., f. r. g. s., 44th N. I. Manipur. Maclagan, General Robert, r. b., f. r. s. e., f. r. g. s. Europe. MacLeod, Kenneth, M. D. Brigade Sui'geon. Cal' cutta. MacLeod, Roderick Henry, c. s. Asst. Magte. Kasia, Gorakpur, N.-W. P. Mahomed Firukh Shah, Prince. Calcutta. Mahomed Latif Khan, Sayyid, Khan Baluidur. Jhang. Punjab. Mahomed Tusoof, Hon. Maulavi. Calcutta. Mahomed Zainool Abideen Khan Bahadur Fei-ozo Jung, Nawab Syud (Nizamut Family). Murshed- abad. Mainwaring, Major-Genei-al George Byres, s. c. Seramjiur. Maliah, Kumar Rameswar. Calcutta. Mallik, Yadulal. Calcutta. Mann, John, M. A. Bengal Education Department. Hughli. Markham, Alexander Macaulay, c. s., f. r. g. s., Collector. Banda. Meade, Capt. Malcolm John, s. c, Political Agent. Bliopawar. Medlicott, H. B., M. A., f. r. S., f. g. s. England. Mehta, Roostumjee Dhunjeebhoy. Calcutta. Middlemiss, C. S., A. B., Assistant Superintendent, Geological Survey of India. Miles, Colonel S. B., bo. s. c, Political Agent. Europ)e. Miles, William Harry. Calcutta. Miller, A. B., B A., Barrister-at-Law, Official Trustee. Calcutta. Minchin, F. J. V. Asha, Ganjam. Mitra, Raja Rajendralala, ll. d., c. i. e, Calcutta. i'ate of Election. 1876 Dec. 6. 1886 May 5. 1881 May 4. 1864 Nov. 2. 1879 May 7. 1867 Mar. 6. 1885 July 1. 1886 May 5. 1887 May 4. 1885 June 3. 1887 June 1. 1876 May 4. 1881 Nov. 2. 1889 Aug. 29. 1887 April 6. 3869 July 7. 1885 Feb. 4. 1879 Aug. 28. 1883 Dec. 1. 1883 Aug. 30. 1885 Feb. 4. 1887 July 6. 1880 Aug. 4. 1888 Feb. 1. 1880 Jan. 7. 1880 Jan. 7. 1862 May 7. A. A. A. N.R. R. R. R. R. R. N.R. N.R. R. R. LM. R. N.R. R. N.R. N.R N.R. N.R. R. L.M, L.M. N.R. N.R. L.M. Mockler, Col. E, Eurojpe. Molesworth, Capt. E. H. Commandant, Police Levy, Dibrugarh. Europe. MoUoy, Lient.-Col. Edward. 5tli Goorkhas. Europe. Muir, J. W., M. A,, C. s. Azimgarh. Mukerjea, Bkudeva, c. i. E. Calcutta. Mukerjea, Raja, Tlie Hon. Fearimolian, c. s. I., M. A. Uttarpara. Mukerjea, Nilmani, Professor, Sanskrit College. Calcutta. Mukliopadhyaya, Asutosli, M. A., F. R. A. s., F. R. S. E. Calcutta. Munro, Thomas R., Port Commissioners Depart- ment. Calcutta. Naemwoollab, Maulavi, Depy. Magte. Buland- sha 7ir. Narain, Rao Govind Rao. Allahabad. Nasb, A. M., m. a., Inspector of European Schools, Bengal. Calcutta. Niceviile, L. de., F. e. S. Calcutta. Nimmo, John Duncan. Calcutta. Noetling, Fritz. Ph. D. Palseontologist to the Geo- logical Survey of India, Calcutta. Nursing Rao, A. V., Rao Bahadur., f. e. a. s. Vizagafatam. Nyayaratna, Pandit Mahamahopadhyaya Mahes- chandra, c. I. E. Calctitta. Oldham, Brigade- Surgeon C. F., r. r. g. s. Bhar- amsalla. Oldham, R. D., A. R. s. m., f. g. s.. Deputy Super- intendent, Geological Survey of India. Oliver, Edw. Emmerson, M. i. c. E., Under-Secy. to Govt. Panjab, P. W. D. Lahore. Oliver, James William, Forest Dept. Tharraivaddy, Burtnah. Oung, Moung Hla, Financial Department, Govern- ment of India. Calcutta. Pandia, Pandit Mohanlall Vishnulall r. T. s., Mem- ber and Secy,, Royal Council of Meywar. TJdai- pur. Pandit, Hon. Ajodhianath. Allahabad. Pargiter, Frederick E., B. A., C. s. Pubna. Parry, J. W., c. E. Assoc m, i. c. e., Asst. Engineer. Western Bengal Surveys. Partridge, Samuel Bowen, m. d., Surgeon-Major. Exirope, XI Date of Election. 1873 Dec, 6. 1873 Aug. 6. 1888 June 6. 1865 Sept. 6. 1881 Aug. 25. 1877 Aug. 1. 1888 July 4. 1889 Nov. 6. 1887 Mar. 2. 1889 Mar. 6. 1889 Mar. 6. 1889 Nov. 6. 1881 Feb. 2. 1880 April 7. 1887 May 4. 1889 June 5. 1880 Aug. 4. 1884 Mar. 5. 1860 Jan. 3. 1889 June 5. 1888 July 4. 1888 June 6. 1881 Aug. 30. 1888 June 6. 1888 Sep. 27. 1885 Mar. 4. 1889 June 5. 1880 Sep. 30. 1887 June 1. 1872 Dec. 4. 1867 April 3. N.R. R. L.M, N.R. R. N.R. R. N.R. R. R. N.R. N.R. N.R. N.R. R. R. N.R. A. N.R. A. N.R. R. N.R. R. N.R. R. R. N.R. A. R. R. Peal, S. E. Slhsagar, Assam. Pecller, Alexander, p. c. s.. Professor of Chemistry, Presidency College. Calcutta. Pennell, Aubray Percival, B. A., c. S. Burma. Peppe, T. F. Tiril Tea Estate. Ranchi, Lohardugga. Percival, Hugh Melvile, M. a., Professor, Presi- dency College. Calcutta. Peters, C. T., M. B., Surgeon-Major. Bijapur, Bom- hay. Petley, Lieut.-Eaton W. R. n., f. r. g. s., Port Officer. Calcutta. Phillott, Capt. D C, Adjutant 3rd Panjab Cavalry. Bera Ismail Khan. Pope, T. Arcbdale, Assistant Superintendent, Sur- vey of India Department. Calcutta, Prain, David, M. A., M. B., L. R. c. s., i. r. s. e., i. l. S., Roj'al Botanic Garden. ISihpur. Prasad, Hanuman, Raes and Zemindar. CJiunar. Prasbad, Pandit Jwala, m. a.. Assistant Commis- sioner. Bai BareJi. Prideaux, Colonel William Francis, b. s. c , Resident. Jeypx(,r. Rai, BijDina Chandra, B. L. Banagliat, Nuddea. Ray, Prasannakumai', D. Sc, (Lond. and Edin.) Professor, Presidency College. Calcutta. Raye, Surgeon-Major O'Conuell, M. D. Calcutta. Reynolds, Herbert William Ward, c. s. Mirzapur. Risley, H. H., B. A., C. s. Europe. Rivett-Carnac, John Henry, c. r. E., f. s. a., c. s., Opium Agent. Gliazipur. Rowe, F. J. M. A., Bengal Education Department. Ettrope. Roy, Kiran Chandra, Zemindar. Narail, Jessore. Roy, Kumar Denendro Narayan. Calcutta. Roy, Nanda Kumar. Nepal. Roy, Peary Mohun. Calcutta. Roy, Upeudra Chandra, Zemindar. Narail Jessore. Rustomjee, H. M. Calcutta. Sadler, Captain J. Hayes, B. s. C, Secretary, Board of Examiners. Calcutta. Sage, E. M., Ex. Engineer, P. W. D. Tounghu. Sandberg, Rev. Graham, B. A., Barrister-at-Law, Inner Teniijle. Chaplain. Europe. Sarasvati, Pandit, Prannatb, M. A., B. l. Bho- ivanipur. Sarkar, The Hon. Dr. Maheudralal, C. i. e. Cal- cutta. Date of Election. 1885 Mar. 4. 1885 Feb. 4. 1888 Feb. 1. 1884 April 2. 1874 July 1. 1888 Sept. 27. 18S6 Mar. 3. 1885 April 1. 1885 April 1. 1879 Jan. 8. 1879 May 7. 1888 April 4. 1882 May 3. 1878 April 3. 1887 April 6. 1889 Nov. 6. 1884 Sept. 3. 1882 Jime 7. 1878 Oct. 4. 1882 Aug. 2. 1880 June 2. 1889 Aug. 29. 1889 Nov. 6. 1859 Aug. 3. 1872 Aug. 5. 1885 Nov. 4. 1874 June 3. 1872 July 3. 1876 Aug. 2. 1880 Nov. 3. 1884 Mar. 5. 1864 Aug.ll. R. R. R. N.R. F.M. R. R. N.R. R. N.R. A. N.R. N.R. R. R. N.R. R. N.R. N.R. N.R. N.R. N.R. N.R. R. N.R. F.M. N.R. N.R. N.R. A. N.R. R. Sarvadliikari, Rajakumar. Calcutta. Sastri, Pandit Harajirasad, M. A. Calcutta. Sclater, William Lutley, Deputy Superintendent, Indian Museum. Calcutta. Scotland, John Parry, c. B., Ex. Engineer. Midnapur, Scully, Dr. John. Eurojje. Sen Gupta, Kali Prasauna. Calcutta. Sen, Hii-alal, Excise Department. 24i-Pargunnahs. Sen, Yadunatb. Khurda, Ptiri. Sen, Narendranatb. Calcutta. Sewell, R., M. c. s. Madras. Sheridan, C. J., c. E. Europe. Shastri, Haridas Bbattacharya, Sankhya Sbastri, M. A. Director of Public Instruction, Jaypur State. Jaypur. Shyamaldass, Mahamahopadhyaya Kaviraj, Private Secy, to H. H. the JMaharaja of Udaipur. Udaipur. Simson, A. Calcutta. Simpson, Dr. W. J., Health Officer to the Municipal Corporation. Calcutta. Simpson, Edmund James, L. E. C. P., I. R. P. S. G., Civil Surgeon. Sai Bareli. Singh, Kumar Indrachandra, of Paikparah. Cal- cutta. Singh, Maharaja Kumar Harendra Kishore. Bettiah. Singh, Raja Lacliman. Bulandslialir, Singh, Narain, Raja Ram. Khyrah, Monghyr. Singh, Thakur Garuradhawaj-a Prasad, Raja of Beswan, Beswan Fort. Aligarh. Singh, H. H. Prabhunarain, Bahadur, Maharaja of Benares. Singh, Hon. Raja Ramesh.wara, Bahadur. Dar- bhanga. Sifiha, Balaichaud. Calcutta. Skrefsrud, Rev. L. O., Indian Home Mission to the Santhals. Bampur Hat. Smith, N. F. F. England. Smith, Vincent Arthui', c. S., Settlement Officer. Rai Bareli. Stephen, Carr, B. L., District Judge. Amritsar. St. John, Lieut -Col. Sir Oliver Beauchamp, E. E., K. c. s. I., Resident in Mysore and Chief Commis- sioner. Coorg. Sturt, Lieut. Robert Ramsay Napier, b. s. c, Panjab Frontier Force. Europe. Swinhoe, Lieut. -Col. C, b. s. c, Asst. Corny. Genl. Poona. Swinhoe, W., Attorney-at-Law. Calcutta, Date of Elei'tiou. 1880 Nov. 3. A. 1868 June 3. R. 1865 Sept. 6. R. 1884 May 5. 1878 June 5. F.M. N.R. 1875 June 2. N.R. 1886 Aug. 4. 1886 Jan. 6. 1847 June 2. R. A. L.M. 1889 Mar. 6. R. 1883 June 6. N.R. 1871 April 5. 1861 June 6. F.M. L.M. 1885 May 6. R. 1886 Sep. 80. N.R. 1889]:^'ov. 6. N.R. 1865 May 3. R. 1887 Oct. 6. N.R. 1874 July 1. N.R. 1869 Sept. 1. 1880 Feb. 4. A. R 1870 Jan. 5. R. 1873 Aug. 6. N.R. Swynnerton, Rev. Charles. England. Tagore, The Hon. Maharjija Sir Jotendra Mohun, Bahadur, K. C. s. i. Calcutta. Tawney, C. H., c. i. E., M. A., Principal, Presidency College. Calcutta Taylor, W. C, Settlement Officer, Khurda. Eitrope. Temple, Capt. R. C, s. c. Falace, Mandalay, Burma. Thibaut, Dr. G., Professor, Muir Central College. Allahabad. Thomas, Robert Edmond Skyring. Calcutta. Thompson, Colonel, W. B., b. s. c. Europe. Thuillier, Major-Genl. Sir Henry Edward Landor, R. A., C. S. I., F. R S. Europe. Thuiillier, Colonel. H. R., E. B., Surveyor General of India. Calcutta. Toker, Lieut.-Col. Alliston Champion, c. B., B. s. C, Sec, Govt, of India, Mily, Dept. Trefftz, Oscar. Europe. Tremlett, James Dyer, M. A., c. s.. Judge, Chief Court. Lahore. Verdeau, Ivan. Calcutta. Waddell, Dr. Laurence Austine, M. b.. Superinten- dent of Vaccination. Darjeeling. Walsh, J. H. Tull, Indian Medical Service. Civil Surgeon. Pooree. Waterhouse, Col. James, B. s. C, Dy. Supdt., Sur- vey of India. Calcutta. Watson, Lieut. Edward Yerbury, Deputy Assis- tant Commissary General. Burma. Watt, Dr. George, c. i. E., Reporter on Economic Products. Simla. Westland, Hon. James, c. s. Europe. Wilson, The Hon. Arthur, Judge, High Court. Galc2i,tta. Wood-Mason, James. Superintendent, Indian Mu- seum. Calcutta. Woodthorpe, Col. Robert Gossett, c. B., R. E., De- puty Quarter- Master- General. Simla. XIV SPECIAL HONORARY CENTENARY MEMBERS. Date of Election. 1884 sZi. 15. 1884 Jan. 15. 1884 Jan. 15. 1884 Jan. 15. 1884 Jan. 15. Dr. Ernst Haeckel, Professor in the University of Jena. Charles Meldrum, Esq., M. A., F. R. S. Mauritius. A. H. Sayce, Esq , Professor of Comp. Philology. Oxford. M. Emile Senart, Member of the Institute of France. Paris. Sir Monier Monier- Williams, Knt K. C. i. E., C. I. E., M, A., D. c. L., LL. D., Boden Prof, of Sanskrit. Oxford. 1848 Feb. 2. 1853 April 6. 1858 July 6. 1860 Mar. 7. 1860 Nov. 7. i860 Nov. 7. 1868 Feb. 5. 1868 Feb. 5. 1872 May 1. 1872 June 5. 1875 Nov. 3. 1875 Nov. 3. 1876 April 5. 1879 June 4. 1879 June 4. 1879 June 4. 1879 June 4. 1879 June 4. 1879 June 4. 1881 Dec. 7. 1881 Dec. 7. 1881 Dec. 7. 1883 Feb. 7. 1883 Feb. 7 1883 Feb. 7 HONORARY MEMBERS. Sir J. D. Hooker, K. c. s. i., c. b., m. d., d. c. l., f. r. s., F. G. s. Kew. Major- General H. C Rawlinson, K. c. B., D. c. L., f. r. s. London. B. H. Hodgson. Europe. Professor Max Milller. Oxford. Dr. Aloj's Sprenger. Heidelberg. Di'. Albrecht Weber. Berlin. Major-General Sir A. Cunningham, R. E., K. c. I. E., C. s. I., C. I. E. Europe. Professor Bapu Deva Sastri. Benares. Sir G. B. Airy, E. c. B., M. A., D. C. L., LL. D., P. R. S. London. Prof. T. H. Huxley, ll. d., ph. d., f. r. s., f. g. s., p. z. s., p. L. S. London. Dr. O. Bohtlingk. Leipzig. Prof. J. O. Westwood. Oxford. Dr. Warner Siemens. Berlin. Prof. E. B. Cowell, d. C. l. Camhridge. Dr. A. Giinther, v. P. R. s. London. Dr. J. Janssen. Paris. Prof. H. Milne-Edwards. Paris. Prof. P. Regnaud. Lyons. E. Renan. Paris. Professor Hermann L. E. Helmholtz. Berlin. Dr. Rudolph v. Roth. Tubingen. Sir William Thompson, Knt., ll. d., p. r. s., f. r. s. e., Glasgoio. W. T. Blanford, a. r. s. m., f. r. s., f. g. s., p. r. g. s., p. z. S. London. Alfred Russell Wallace, f. l. s., f. r. g. s. Godahmng. Prof. William Dwight Whitney. Newhaven, OomiecticfJ, U. S. XV CORRESPONDING MEMBERS. Date of Election. 1844 Oct. 2. 1856 July 2. 1856 „ 2. 1860 Feb. 1. 1861 July 3. 1862 Mar. 3. 1866 May 7. Macgowan, Dr. J. Europe. Kramer, A. von. Alexandria. Porter, Rev. J. Belfast. Baker, The Rev. H. E. Malabar. Gosche, Dr. R. Berlin. Murray, A. Esq. London, Schlagiutweit, Prof. E. von. Berlin. 1874 April 1. 1875 Dec. 1875 „ 1882 June 1883 Feb. 1884 Aug. 1885 Dec. 1886 Dec. ASSOCIATE MEMBERS. Lafont, Rev. Fr. E., s. J., c. I. E. Calcutta. Bate, Rev. J. D. Allahabad. Mavlavi Abdul Hai, Madrasah. Calcutta. Giles, Herbei't, Esq. Europe. Rodgers, C. J. Amritsar. Moore, F., F. R. s., F. L. s. London. Fiihrer, Dr. A. Luchnoiv. Babii Saratchandra Das, c. l. E. Darjeeliug. LIST OF MEMBERS WHO HAVE BEEN ABSENT FROM INDIA THREE TEARS AND UPWARDS.* * Bule 40. — After the lapse of 3 years from the date of a member leaving India, if no intimation of his wishes shall in the interval have been received by the Society, his name shall be removed from the List of Members. The following members will be removed from the next member list of the Society under the operation of the above Rule : Dr. J. E. T. Aitchison, c. I. E. J. Barnett, Esq. H. C. Barstow, Esq , c. S. Sir Charles Edward Bernard, K. C. s. I., C. s. T. F. Bignold, Esq., c. S. Hon. Sir R. E. Egerton, k. C. S. i., C. i. e., C. S. Sir Lepel Henry Griffin, k. c. s. I., C. s. Major W. G. Hughes, m. s. c. LOSS OF MEMBERS DURING 1889. By Retirement. General G. G. Pearse, R. H. A., C. B. W. Fiddian, Esq., c. s. H. M. Kish, Esq., c. s. Kumar Sarat Cbandra Singh. A. P. MacDonell, Esq., c. s. i., c. S. Babu Tara Prasada Chatterji. R. A. Sterndale, Esq. J. Wilson, Esq., c. s. R. Whittall, Esq. F. R. Mallett, Esq., F. G. s., F. c. S. Kumar Nilkrishna Deb, Bahadur. Kumar Vinaja Krishna Deb, Bahadur. W. Sandford, Esq. By Death. Ordinary Members. Otto Miiller, Esq. Maulvi Kabir-ud-din Ahmad. Hon. Rao Sahib V. N. Mandlik, c. s. I. Maharaja Isvariprasad Singh, c. s. i. Benares. Dr. David Waldie. Dr. Francis Day. E. J. Jones, Esq. Special Honorary Centenary Memhers. James Prescott Joule, Esq., lld., f. e. s. Honorary Members. Col. Sir Henry Yule, R. E., K. C. i. E., C B. Professor William Wright, ll. d. By Removal. Under _^liide 40. Col. G. E. Fryer, m. s. c. Major- Genl. J. Y. Go wan. S. Harraden, Esq. Lieut. J. W. Jarrad, r. n. Col. Sir James Johnstone. Major-Genl. C. C. Minchin. S. H. Robinson, Esq. Dr. W. Schlich. H. E. Sir Donald M. Stewart, Bart., G. c. B., C. C. S. I. Commander A. D. Taylor. Major-Genl. J. F. Tennant, r. e., c. i. e., f. r. s. Col. W. S. Trevor, R. e. [appendix.] ABSTRACT STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS OF THE Asiatic Society of Bengal FOR THE YEAR 1889. zvm STATEMENT Asiatic Society Dr. To Establishment. Salaries Commission Bs To Contingencies. Stationery Lighting Building, Ordinary Taxes ... Postage Freight Meeting Miscellaneous To Library and Collections. Furniture Books ... ... ... ... Local Periodicals ... Binding ... ... Coins ... ... ... ... Catalogue of Burmese MSS. ... To Publications. Journal, Part I Jt nrnal. Part II Proceedings To Printing charges of Circulars, Eeceipt forms, &c. . To Personal Account (Writes off and Miscellaneous) To Extraordinary Expenditure. Auditors Fee Repairs to House ... Barisal Guns To Balance 4,221 7 3 421 7 6 4,642 14 9 113 11 6 86 8 0 8 8 6 897 12 0 569 8 0 4 3 0 82 8 0 157 0 6 6 1,919 11 7 0 0 660 8 5 31 0 0 506 14 0 3 6 0 67 0 0 1,275 12 5 1,092 1 9 3,006 12 11 877 9 0 4,976 7 8 126 0 ) 0 12,940 14 4 306 3 0 100 0 0 1,619 4 4 60 10 6 1,779 14 10 1,39,211 13 7 Total , ,.. 1,54,238 13 9 Examined and found correct, Meugens & King, Public Accountants. The 30th January, 1890. No. 1. of Bengal, Cr. By Balance from last report ... 1,38,032 4 10 By Cash Receipts. Publications sold for cash Interest on Investments ... ..• Advances recovered ... Miscellaneous By Personal Account. Admission fees Compounding fees Subscriptions Sales on credit Miscellaneous 6,276 912 0 0 810 0 0 7,735 0 0 404 2 0 69 1 3 9,930 3 3 Total Income 16,206 8 11 Total 1.54,238 13 9 WiLi,. Kino, Honorary Secretary and Treasurer. Asiatic Society of Bengal, XX STATEMENT Oriental Publication Fund in Account Dr. To Cash Expenditure. Printing charges ... ... •■. Es- Editing cliargea ... ... ••• Binding Salaries ... ••• ••• ••• Advertising Freight ..• Stationery ... ••• ••• ••• Postage Contingencies ... _ ... Commission on collecting bills ... To Personal Account (Writes off and Miscellaneous) Total Expenditure To Balance 9,260 9 0 4,435 6 0 0 12 0 1,436 0 0 130 0 0 15 15 0 29 2 0 600 1 3 13 6 6 61 10 4 15,982 14 1 ) 9 7 0 15,992 6 1 - 3,695 7 6 Total Rs. 19,687 12 7 Examined and found correct. Meugens & King, Vublio Accountants. The ^Oth January, 1890. STATEMENT Sanshrit Manuscript Fund in Account Dr. To Cash Expenditure. Salaries Travelling expenses Commission Printing charges ... Postage Contingencies Stationery Purchase of MSS.... Es. 1,300 5 175 4 8 0 683 12 0 1 19 5 10 1 1,175 4 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,372 3,300 0 9 0 3 o Balance ... Total Rs. - 6,672 1 0 Examined and found correct. Mbugens & King, Vuhlic Accountants. The ZOth January, 1890. No. 2. with the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Cr. Balance from last report ... ,., ... jja^ 7 713 11 4 By Cash Receipts. Government allowance ... ... Eg. 9,000 0 0 Publications sold for cash ... ... ,., 612 14 0 Advances recovered ... ... ... 98 15 6 9,711 13 6 By Personal Account. Sales on credit ... ... ... ... 2,244 7 9 Miscellaneoua ... ... ... ... 17 12 0 2,262 3 9 Total Income ~ 11,974 1 3 Total Rs. ... 19,687 12 7 Will, King, Honorary Secretary and Treasurer, Asiatic Society of Bengal. No. 3. with the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Cr. Balance from last report ... ... ... Rs. 3,442 1 0 By Cash Receipts. Government allowance ... ... Rs. 3,200 0 0 Publications sold for cash ... ... ... 400 3,204 0 0 By Personal Account. Pablications sold on credit ... ... ... 26 0 0 Total Income 3,230 0 0 Total Rs. ... 6,672 1 0 Will. King, Honorary Secretary and Treasurer, Asiatic Society of Bengal, STATEMENT Personal Dr. To Balance from last report ... ... ... Rs. 3,390 12 2 To Cash Expenditure. Advances for purchase of Sanskrit MSS., postage of books to members 2,819 15 8 To Asiatic Society ... ... ... 9,930 3 3 To Oriental Publication Fund ... ... 2,262 3 9 To Sanskrit MSS. Fund ... ... ... 26 0 0 12,218 7 0 Total Rs. ... 18,429 2 10 Examined and found correct. Meugens & King, Fuhlic Accountants. The mth January, \mO. No. 4. Account. Cr. By Cash receipts ... By Asiatic Society By Oriental Publication Fund Ks. 13,426 4 2 306 3 0 9 7 0 By Balances. Due to the Society. Due by the Society. Members ... Subscribers Employea Agents Miscellaneous 5,091 71 30 269 126 9 2 0 2 7 8 0 0 6 4 390 59 250 200 13 9 0 10 4 6 0 0 5,588 5 6 901 0 10 13,74,1 14 2 4,687 4 8 Total Rs. 18,429 2 10 Will. King, Honorary Secretary and Treasurer, Asiatic Society of Bengal. STATEMENT Invest To Balance from last report . . . Dr. Nominal. Actual. Rs. 1,46,300 0 0 1,45,923 2 2 Total Rs. ... 1,46,300 0 0 1,45,923 2 2 Examined and found correct. Meugens & King, PiMic Accountants. ZOth January, 1890. Actual, Funds.* Permanent. Temporary, Total. Asiatic Society 0. P Fund ... Sanskrit MSS.... Trust Fund ... 134,700 1^200 0 "6 0 "6 700 2,415 2,000 0 1 0 0 7 0 136,400 2,415 2,000 1,200 0 1 0 0 0 7 0 0 1,35,900 0 0 5,115 1 7 1,41,015 1 7 STATEMENT Trust Dr. To Balance (Servants Pension Fund) Rs. 1,207 3 10 Total Rs. ... 1,207 3 10 Examined and found correct. MsuGENS & King, Tuhlic Accountants. ZOth January, 1890. No. 5. ments. XXV By Cash By Balance* Cr. Total Rs. Nominal. Actual. Rs. 5,000 0 0 4,908 0 7 ... 1,41,300 0 0 1,41,015 1 7 ... 1,46,300 0 0 1,45,923 2 2 No. 6. Fund. Will. King, Honorary Secretary and Treasurer, Asiatic Society of Bengal. Cr. By Balance from last report By Interest on Investments Total Rs. Rs. 1,161 8 10 46 0 0 1,207 3 10 Will. King, Honorary Secretary and Treasurer, Asiatic Society of Bengal. STATEMENT Cash To Balance from last report To Asiatic Society To 0. P. Fund To Sanskrit Manuscript Fund To Personal Account ... To Investments To Trust Fund Dr. Eeceipts. Total Rs. Examined and found correct, Meugen & King, Public Accountants. 30th January 1890. 1,035 6 8 6,322 5 8 9,711 13 6 3,204 0 0 13,426 4 2 4,908 0 7 46 0 0 38,653 14 7 STATEMENT Balance Dr. To Casli ... To Investment To Personal Account 1,712 2 11 1,41,015 1 7 4,687 4 8 Total Rs. 1,47,414 9 2 Examined and found correct Meugen & King, Tulilic Accountants. 30th January 1890. No. 7. Account. Cr. Expenditure. By Asiatic Society By 0. P. Fund By Sanskrit Manuscript Fund By Personal Account By Balance 14,766 13 2 15,982 14 1 3,372 0 9 2,819 15 8 1,712 2 11 Total Rs. 38,653 14 7 Will. King, Honorary Secretary and Treasurer, Asiatic Society of Bengal. No. 8. Sheet. Cr. By Asiatic Society By 0. P. Fund By Sanskrit Manuscript Fund By Trust Fund 1,39,211 13 7 3,695 7 G 3,300 0 3 1,207 3 10 Total Es. 1,47,414 9 2 Will. King, Honorary Secretary and Treasurer, Asiatic Society of Bengal. «^/, .;, ■ r; Wf^'- l/r^ PROCEEDINGS I OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITEP BY JhE jiONORARY JSeCRETARI ES. No. I. JANUARY, 1890. " 1 he bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia : and within these limits its inquiries will be extended to whatever is performed by man or produced by natui-e." — Sir William Jones. Annual Subscription, 3 rupees. Price per Number, 6 annas.' Postage in India (Additional),,., 1 anna. Price in England, 6i. 1^° The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Journal, the annual volume of which is divided into two Parts : Part I beinc devoted to History, Philology, &c., Part II to Natural Science ; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover, *#* It is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc, to whom all orders for these works are to he addressed in India ; or, in London, to the Society's Agents Messrs. Triihner and Co., 57 Sf 59, Ludgate Hill. N. B. — In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA : PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET, 1890, Issued, May 1st, 1890. ^l CONTENTS. Monthly General Meeting Presentations Election of Members Death of Members ... Withdrawal of Members Babu Saratohandra Das. Explanation on the Tibetan Zodiac (with a plate) ... Dr. Hoernle, On a forged silver Ramtinki Papers — 1. Natural History Notes from H. M.'s Indian Marine Survey Steamer " Investigator," Commander Alfred Carpenter, R. N., D. S. 0. Commanding, No. 14. Ohservations on the gestation of some Sharks and Bays. — By A. Alcock, M. B., Surgeon Naturalist to the Marine Survey (Title only) 2. Notes on the Barisdl Chins, the existence of volcanic ve7its in the diVec- tion of those sounds.— By B.. J xm'es'Rainry Library,... ... ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• JPage 1 ih. ib. ib. 2 ib. 7 11 LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE LIBRARY OF THE Asiatic Society of Bengal, wo. 57, park street, calcutta. AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY'S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & CO. 67 AND 59, LUDGATE HiLL, LONDON, E. C. BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. Sanskrit Series. Advaita Brahma Siddhi, Pasc. I— III @ /6/ each Agni Purana (Sans.) Fasc. II— XIV @ /6/ each Ann Bhashyam, Fasc. I Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, (Sans.) Fasc. I — V @ /6/ each Aphorisms of Sandilya, (English) Pasc. I Aphorisms of the Vedanta, (Sans.) Fasc. VII — XIII @/6/.each Ashtasahasrika Prajnaparamita, Pasc. I — VI @ /6/ each ... Asvavaidyka, Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each Avadana Kalpalata by Kshemendra, (Sans. & Tibetan) Vol. I, Fasc Bhamati, (Sans.) Fasc. I— VIII @ /6/ each Brahma Sutra, (English) Fasc. I Brihaddharma Pnranam, Fasc. I — II @ /6/ each Brihat Aranyaka Upanishad, (Sans.) Fasc. VI, VII & IX @ /6/ each Ditto' (English) Fasc. II— III @ /6/ each Brihat Samhita, (Sans.) Pasc. II— III, V— VII @ /6/ each... Chaitanya-Chandrodaya Nataka, (Sans.) Fasc. II — III @ /6/ each (Continued on third page of cover.) Rs. I— 2 14 H 14 6 4 4 14 0 0 12 12 2 12 14 12 Chaturvarga Cliintaniani, (Sans.) Vols. I, Faac. 1 — 11 ; II, 1—25 ; III, Part I, Fasc. 1—18 ; Part II, Fasc. 1—4 @ /6/ each Fasc. Rs Chhandogya Upanishad, (EngHsli) Faso. II Dasa Rupa, Fasc. II and III @ /6/ ... Gobhiliya Grihya Sutra, (Sans.) Fasc. I— XII (® /6/ each ... ".'. Hindu Astronomy, (English) Fasc. I— III @ /6/ each Kalamadhaba, Fasc. I-IV @ /6/ ... ... Katantra, (Sans.) Fasc. I — VI @ /12/ each ... .*.' ,[, Katha Sarit Sagara, (English) Fasc. I— XIV @ 712/ each ..." Kaushitaki Brahman Upanishad, Fasc. II ... ... " Kurma Pm-ana, Fasc. I — VIII @ /6/ each ... .,[ Lalita Vistara, Sans. Fasc. II— VI @ /6/ ... '."" "* Lalita Vistara, (English) Fasc. I — III @ /12/ each Madana Parijata, Fasc. I-^VI (a) /6/ each ... ... ."* Manntika Sangraha, Fasc. I — III @ /6/ each ... Markandeya Pnrana, (English) Faso. I — IT @ /12/ each ... .,, Markandeya Purana, (Sans.) Fasc. IV — VII @ /Q/ each Mimamsa Darsana, (Sans.) Fasc. II — XIX @/6/each Narada Pancharatna, Fasc. IV Narada Smriti, Fasc. I— III @/6/ ... ... [',', ''', Nayavartikum, Fasc. I ... Nirukta, (Sans.) Vol. I, Faso. 4 — 6; Vol. II, Fasc. 1 to 6 ; Vol. Ill Fasc. 1—6 ; Vol. IV, Fasc. 1—7 @ /6/ each Fasc. ... Nitisara, or, The Elements of Polif j, by Kamandaki, (Sans.), Fasc. II — V @ /6/ each ... Nyaya Darsana, (Sans.) Fasc. Ill Nyaya Knsnmanjali Prakaranam, (Sans.) Vol. I, Fasc. I — III @ /Q/ each Parisishtaparvana (Sans.) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Pingala Chhanda Siitra, (Sans.) Fasc. II — III @ /6/ each ... Prithii-aj Rasaii, (Sans.) Part I, Fasc. I; Part 11, Fasc. I — V@/6/each Ditto (English) Fasc. I ... Prakrita Lakshanam, (Sans.) Fasc. I Parasara Smriti (Sans.) Vol I, Fasc. 1 — 8, Vol, II, Fasc. 1 — 2 @/6/each Parasara, Institutes of, (English) ... ... "' Srauta Sutra of Apastamba, (Sans.) Fasc. I— -XII @ /6/ each Ditto Asvalayana, (Sans.) Fasc. I — XI @ /6/ each Ditto Latyayana (Sans.) Fasc. I — IX @ /6/ each Ditto Sankhyayana, Vol. I, Fasc, 1 — 7. Vol. II, Fasc. 1—7, (Sans.) @ /6/ each Sama Veda Samhita, (Sans.) Vols. I, Fasc. 3 — 10 ; II, 1 — 6 j III, 1 — 7 • IV, 1—6 ; V, 1—8, @ /6/ each Fasc. Sahitya Darpana (English) Fasc. I — IV (%/6/each Sankhya Sutra vritti (Sans.) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Saiikara Vijaya, (Sans.) Fasc. II and III @ /6/ each Sankhya Aphorisms of Kapila, (English) Fasc. I and II @ /&/ each ... Sankhya Pravachana Bhashya, Fasc. Ill (English preface only) Sarva Darsana Sangraha, (Sana.) Fasc. II S'ri Bhashyam, Fasc. I ... Busruta Samhita, (Eng.) Fasc. I and II @ /12/ each Taittiriya Ai'anya, Fasc. I — XI @ /lO/ each Ditto Brahmana (Sans.) Fasc. I — XXIV @ /6/each ... Ditto Samhita,' (Sans.) Fasc. IX— XXXIV @ /6/each... Ditto Pratisakhya, (Sans.) Fasc. I — III @ /6/each Ditto and Aitareya Upanishad (Sans.) Fasc. II and III @ /&/ each Tandya Brahmana, (Sans.) Fasc. I — XIX @ /6/each Tatta Chintamani, Vol. I, Fasc. 1 — 9, Vol. II Fasc. 1— 3(Sans.) @/6/each Tul'si Sat'sai, Faso. I Uttara Naishadha, (Sans.) Fasc. Ill — XII @ /6/each Uvasagadasao, Fasc. I — ^V@/12/each Varaha Purana, Fasc. I— XIII @ /6/ each Vayu Purana, (Sans.) Vol. I, Faso. I— VI ; Vol. II, Fasc. I— VII, @ /6/ each Fasc. Vishnu Smriti, (Sans.) Fasc. I— II @ /6/ each Vivadaratnakara, Fasc. I— VII @ /6/ each .,. Vrihannaradiya Purana, Fasc. I — V @ 16/ each Yoga Sutra of Patanjali, (Sans. & English) Fasc. I— V @ /14/ each ... (Turn ovpr.) L 21 12 . 0 G . 0 12 . 4 8 . 1 2 . 1 R , 4 8 . 10 8 . 0 6 , 3 0 . 1 14 , 2 4 . 2 4 1 2 1 8 1 S 6 12 0 6 1 2 0 6 8 4 1 8 0 6 h 1 2 1 8 0 12 2 4 0 12 1 14 3 12 0 12 4 8 4 2 3 6 3 0 13 2 1 S 1 8 0 12 0 12 0 6 0 6 0 fi 1 - 8 4 2 9 0 9 12 1 2 0 12 7 2 4 8 0 6 3 12 3 12 4 14 4 14 0 12 2 10 1 8 4 6 Arabic and Persian Series. 'A'lamgirnamah, with Index, (Text) Pasc. I — XIII @ /6/ eacla Bs. Am-i-Akbari, (Text) Fasc. I— XXII @ 1/ each Ditto (English) Vol.1 (Fasc. I— VII) ... Akbarnamali, with Index, (Text) Fasc. I — XXXIX @ 1/ each Badshahnamah with Index, (Text) Fasc. I — XIX @ /6/ each Beale's Oriental Biographical Dictionary, pp. 291, 4to., thick paper, @ 4/12 ; thin paper ... Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms and Appendix, Fasc. I — XXI @ 1/ each Farhang-i-Eashidi (Text), Fasc. I— XIV @ 1/each i'lhrist-i Tusi, or, Tusy's list of Shy'ah Books, (Text) Fasc. I— IV @ /12/each ... Futuh-ul-Sham Waqidi, (Text) Fase. I— IX @ /&/ each ... Ditto Azadi, (Text) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Haft Asm&n, History of the Persian Mansawi (Text) Fasc. I History of the Caliphs, (English) Fasc. I — VI @/12/ each... Iqbalnamah-i-Jahangiri, (Text) Fasc. I — III @ /6/ each ... Isabah, with Supplement, (Text) 51 Fasc. @ /12/ each Maasir-ul-Umara, Vol. I, Fasc. 1—9, Vol. II, Fasc. 1—8 @ j&l each ... Mag-h&zi of Waqidi, (Text) Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each Muntakhab-ul-Tawarikh, (Text) Fasc. I— XV @ /6/ each ... Muntakhab-ul-Tawarikh (English) Vol. II, Fasc. 1—5 @ /12/each ... Muntakhab-ul-Lubab, (Text) Fasc. I— XIX @ /6/ each Mn'asir-i-'Alamgiri (Text), Fasc. I — VI @ /6/ each Nokhbat-nl-Fikr, (Text) Fasc. I ^ ••• Nizami's Khiradnamah-i-Iskandari (Text) Fasc. I and II @ /12/each... Snyiity's Itqan, on the Exegetic S'ciences of the Koran, with Supplement, (Text) Fasc. II— IV, VII— X @ 1/ each Tabaqat-i-Nasiri, (Text) Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each Ditto (English) Fasc. I— XIV @ /12/ each Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi, of Zia-al-din Barni (Text) Fasc. I— VII @ /6/each Tarikh-i-Baihaqi, (Text) Fasc. I— IX @ /6/ each Tari^-i-Firozshahi, of Shams-i-Siraj Afif (Text) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Wis o Eamin, (Text) Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each ... Zafarnamah, Vol. I, Fasc. I— IX, Vol. II, Fasc. I— VIII @ /6/ each ... Tnzuk-i-Zehangiri (English) Fasc. I @ 1/ ASIATIC SOCIETY'S PUBLICATIONS. 1. Asiatic Researches. Vols. VII, IX to XI ; Vols. XIII and XVII, and Vols. XIX and XX @/10/each... Ditto Index to Vols. I— XVIII 2. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society from. 1865 to 1869 (incl.) @ /4/ per No. ; and from 1870 to date @ /6/ per No. 3. Journal of the Asiatic Society for 1843 (12), 1844 (12), 1845 (12), 1846 (5), 1847 (12), 1848 (12), 1850 (7), 1851 (7), 1857 (6), 1858 (5), 1861 (4), 1864 (5), 1865 (8), 1866 (7), 1867 (6), 1868 (6), 1869 (8), 1870 (8), 1871 (7), 1872 (8), 1873 (8), 1874 (8), 1875 (7), 1876 (7), 1877 (8), 1878 (8), 1879 (7), 1880 (8), 1881 (7), 1882 (6), 1883 (5), 1884 (6), 1885 (6) 1886 (8) 1887 (7) @ 1/ per No. to Subscribers and @ 1/8 per No. to Non-Subscribers. 2^. B. The figures enclosed in brackets give the number of Nos. in each 'Volv,me. 4. Centenary Review of the Researches of the Society from 1784 — 1883 General Cunningham's Archaeological Survey Report for 1863-64 (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1864)... Theobald's Catalogue of Reptiles in the Museum of the Asiatic Society (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1868) Catalogue of Mammals and Birds of Burmah, by E. Blyth (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1875) Sketch of the Turki Language as spoken in Eastern Turkestan, Part II, Vocabulary, by R. B. Shaw (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1878) Introduction to the Maithili Language of North Bihar, by G-. A. Grierson, Part II, Chrestomathy and Vocabulary (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1882) 6. Anis-nl-Musharrihi ..." 6. Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata 7. Catalogue of the Library of the Asiatic Society, Bengal ... 4 14 22 0 12 4 39 0 7 2 4 8 21 0 14 0 3 0 3 6 1 8 0 12 4 8 1 2 38 4 6 6 A. 14 5 10 3 12 7 2 2 4 0 6 1 14 7 0 1 14 10 8 2 10 3 6 1 8 1 14 6 6 1 0 80 0 5 0 3 0 3 0 2 0 3 8 PROGEEDNGS OP THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL EDITED BY The Honorary Secretaries. No. II. FEBRUAHY, 1890. " Ihe bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia : and within these limits its inquiries will be extended to whatever is performed by man or produced by nature." — Sir William Jones. Annual Subscription, 3 rupeea. Price per Number, 6 annas. Postage in India (Additional), 1 anna. Price in England, 6d. ^^ The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Journal, the annual volume of which is divided into two Parts : Part I being devoted to History, Philology, &c.. Part II to Natural Science ; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover. *^* It is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc, to whom all orders for these works are to he addressed in India ; or, in London, to the Society's Agents, Messrs. Triibner and Co., 57 Sf 59, Ludgate Hill. N. B.— In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA: PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. 1890. Issued, 24th June, 1890. CONTENTS. Annual Meeting Annual Report for 1889 Abstract of Proceedings of Council during 1889 President's Address ... Election of Office Bearers and Members of Council Monthly General Meeting Election of Members Death of Members ... Papers — 1. A descriptive list of the Uredinece occuring in the neighbotirhood of Simla, Fart III. — By A. Barclay, M. B., Bengal Medical Service. (Title only) 2. Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula, Part II. — By George King, C. I. E., M. B., LL. D., F. R. S., P. L. S., Superintendent, Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta. (Title only) ... 3. Description of a new Genus of Bamboos.— By J. S. Gamble, Esq., M. A. (Title only) ... ... •• ••• *•••... — 4. The account of a Bengali Brdhmana who obtained a high position in the Singhalese Buddhist Hierarchy in the llth Century A. D. — By Pandit Hara- PRASAD ShASTRI, M. A. Library,... Page 15 ib. 32 39 124 ib. ib. 125 ib. ib. ib. ib. 128 LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE LIBRARY OF THE Asiatic Society of Bengal, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA. AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY'S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & CO. 57 AND 59, LUDGATE HiLL, LONDON, E. C. BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. Sanskrit Series. Advaita Brahma Siddhi, Pasc. I — III @ /6/ each ... Rs. Agni Purana (Sans.) Pasc. II — XIV @/6/ each Anu Bhashyam, Pasc. I Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, (Sans.) Pasc. I — V @ /6/ each Aphorisms of Sandilya, (English) Pasc. I Aphorisms of the Vedanta, (Sans.) Pasc. VII — XIII @ /6/ each Ashtasahasrika Prajnaparamita, Pasc. I — VI @ /6/ each ... Asvavaidyka, Fasc. I — V @ /6/ each Avadana Kalpalata by Kshemendra, (Sans. & Tibetan) Vol. I, Fasc. I' Bhamati, (Sans.) Fasc. I — VIII @/6/ each Brahma Sutra, (English) Fasc. I ... Brihaddharma Pnranam, Fasc. I — II @ /6/ each Brihat Aranyaka Upanishad, (Sans.) Pasc. VI, VII & IX @ /6/ each Ditto' (English) Pasc. II— III @ /6/ each ... - Brihat Samhita, (Sans.) Pasc. II— III, V— VII @/6/ each... Chaitanya-Chandrodaya Nataka, (Sans.) Pasc. II — III @ /6/ each (Continued on third page of cover.) 2 14 6 14 6 4 4 14 0 0 12 12 2 12 14 12 Chaturvarga Cliiiitamani, (Sans.) Vd. I, Fasc. 1—11 ; II, 1—25 ; III, Part I, Fasc. 1—18 ; Part II, Fas(h— 4 @ /6/ each Fasc. Rs. Chhandogya Upanishad, (English) Fie. II Dasa Rnpa, Fasc. II and III @ /6/ A GobhiKya Grihya Sutra, (Sans.) Fasti— XII @ /6/ each ... Hindu Astronomy, (English) Fasc. l4ll (S /6/ each Kalamadhaba, Fasc. I-IV @ /6/ ...\ ... Katantra, (Sans.) Fasc. I — VI@/12/Uh ... ... ... Katha Sarit Sagara, (English) Fasc. I-^IV @ /12/ each ... Kiushitaki Brahman Upanishad, Fasclfl Kn^-ma Purana, Fasc. I— VIII @ /6/ eak ... ... ..] I^lita Vistara, Sans. Fasc. II — VI @ /9 Lalita Vistara, (English) Fasc. I — III (Wl2/ each Madana Parijata, Fasc. I — VI @ /6/ eaq Manntika Saugraha, Fasc. I — III @ /GAach ... Markandeya Pnrana, (English) Fasc. I— ll @ /12/ each Markandeya Purana, (Sans.) Fasc. IV — III @ /6/ each Mimamsa Darsana, (Sans.) Fasc. II — Xli @ /6/ each Narada Pancharatna, Fasc. TV ... 1 Narada Smriti, Fasc. I— III @/6/ ... Nayavartikum, Fasc. I ... .. 1 .. Nirukta, (Sans.) Vol. I, Fasc. 4—6 ; Vo« II, Fasc. 1 to 6 ; Vol. Ill, Fasc. 1—6 ; Vol. IV, Fasc. 1—7 @ /d each Fasc. Nitisara, or. The Elements of Polii y, by Kaliandaki, (Sans.), Fasc. II — V @/6/each... ... ... T Nyaya Darsana, (San.) Fasc. Ill ... \ Nyaya Kusumanjali Prakaranam, (Sans.) Tol. I, Fasc. I — III @ /&/ each Parisishtaparvana (Sans.) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Pingala Chhanda Sutra, (Sans.) Fasc. II — III @ /6/ each ... Prithiraj Kasau, (Sans.) Part I, Fasc. I ; Part II Fasc. I — V @/6/each Ditto (English) Fasc. I ... Prakrita Lakshanam, (Sans.) Fasc. I ParasaraSmriti (Sans.) Vol I, Fasc. 1—8, Vol. II, -Base. 1—2 @/6/each Parasara, Institutes of, (English) ... Srauta Sutra of .Vpastamba, (Sans.) Fasc. I— -XII @/6/ each Ditto Asvalayana, (Sans.) Fasc. I — XI @/5/ each Ditto Latyayana (Sans.) Fasc. I — IX@/6/each Ditto Sankhyayana, Vol. I, Fasc. 1—7. Vol II, Fasc. 1—7, (Sans.) @/6/each Sama Veda Samhita, (Sans.) Vols. I, Fasc. 3—10 ; II, 1—6 ; III, 1—7 ; IV, 1—6 ; V, 1—8, @ /6/ each Fasc. Sahitya Darpana (English) Fasc. I — IV @./6/each Sankhya Sutra vritti (Sans.) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Sankara Vijaya, (Sans.) Fasc. II and III @ /6/ each Sankhya Aphorisms of Kapila, (English) Fasc. I and II @ /6/ each ... Sankhya Pravachana Bhashya, Fasc. Ill (English preface only) Sarva Darsana Sangraha, (Sans.) Fasc. II S'ri Bhashyam, Fasc. I ... Susrnta Samhita, (Bng.) Fasc. I and II @ /12/ each Taittiriya Aranya, Fasc. I — XI @ /lO/ each Ditto Brahmana (Sans.) Fasc. I — XXIV @ /6/' each ... Ditto Sanjhita, (Sans.) Fasc. IX— XXXIV @ /6/each... Ditto Pratisakhya, (Sans.) Fasc. I — III @ /6/each Ditto and Aitareya Upanishad (Sans.) Fasc. II and III @ /6/ each Tandya Brahmana, (Sans.) Fasc. I — XIX @ /6/ each Tatta Chintamani, Vol. I, Fasc. 1—9, Vol. II Fasc. 1— 3(Sans.) @/6/each Tul'si Sat'sai, Fasc. I Uttara Naishadha, (Sans.) Fasc. Ill — XII @ /6/ each ... Uvasagadasao, Fasc. I — V @ /12/ each Varaha Purana, Fasc. I — XIII @ /6/ each Vayu Purana, (Sans.) Vol. I, Fasc. I— VI ; Vol. II, Fasc. I— VII, @ /6/ each Fasc. Vishnu Smriti, (Sans.) Fasc. I— II @ /6/ each Yivadaratnakara, Fasc. I — VII @ /6/ each Vrihannaradiya Purana, Fasc. I— V @ 16/ each Yoga Sutra of Patanjali, (Sans. & English) Fasc, I— V @ /14/ each (Turn over.) 21 12 0 6 0 12 4 8 1 2 1 8 4 8 10 8 0 6 3 0 1 14 2 4 2 4 1 2 1 8 1 8 6 12 0 6 1 2 0 6 8 4 1 8 0 6 h 1 2 1 8 0 12 2 4 0 12 1 14 3 12 0 12 4 8 4 2 3 6 3 0 ' 13 2 1 8 1 8 0 12 6 12 0 6 0 6 0 6 1 8 4 2 9 0 9 12 1 2 0 12 7 2 4 8 0 6 3 12 3 12 4 14 4 14 0 12 . 2 10 . 1 8 . 4 6 Rb, 4 22 12 ,39 7 4 21 14 Aralic and Fers'^n Series, Xin-i-ikbari, (Text) Fasc. I-XXII @ leacn ^'" Ditto EngKst) ^«;- 1 j,^^«ti -IxilX @ 1/ each Akbarnamah, with Inde-, ^^T^it^ W-S @ /6/ each S^oSarr^SiS^^^^^^^^ pp- ^^' ^-'..^^-^^^^:' Piftiot?; oriSTech.ieal Te^s nd Appendix, Fasc. I-XXI @ /12/each ... .-,/ >m„,f^ !!'„,» v-IX @ /V each ... rituh-ul-Sham y^f.^VTl^tAIsc i^IY @^^^ ^^«^ -, Ditto Azadi, (Text) 1 asc i /^ V^. (^ext) Fasc. I Haft Asm'an, History of the P^^^^J^^!!^} ^@/i2/ each... History of the Cal phs,_ (f-f^^f] J^^jinl @kl each .,. lQbdln4mah-i-Jahangm, (Text) i! asc i ,^2/ each -., , •• I,\bah, with Supplement, (Text) 51 ]asc- @ ^^^^_ ^_g ^ ^g^ ^^^ .. Taadsir-ul-IJmaxa VoL I Fasc. I-^v /'^.^^ Maph^zi of Waqid.,/Text Fasc J.^ ^/ / @ ^g/ ^^ch ... - MuStakhah.ul--Tawankh, (Text) Fa^ i ^^ ^^ @ /12/eaeh ... Muntakhah-ul-Tawarikh (EBghsh) y_l^i^ ^^^^ ... Mnntakhab-ul-Lubah (Text)lasc._i ^^^^^^ lIu'a9ir-i-'Alaingiri(Text),Fasc.I ViL./ / . Nokhbat-nl-Fikr, (Text) Fasc I ■• p^^^,. i and II @ /12/each... Kizaxni's Khiradn^maWska^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ ^,^ Supplement, Suyuty'sItqanontheExe|eticb|e ^^^^ _ (Text) Fasc. II-IT, Yii A^^ Tabaqat-i-Nasiri, (Text) Fasc. Jr- * K^ii . ^ . . ^^^t°' ' iSf S^z'^jii-d^ Sri V-t> Fasc. I-TII @ Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi, ot Ai? di u Tarikh-i-Firozshahi, of Sha^s l^^^^^f . \ W^ VE4mn., (Text) Fasci Y @ /6^^ ^_^^, @ ^,, ^,^ ... Zafarnamah,Tol.I,*ascjL . , Tu2uk->Zehangiri (EDghah) £ asc^i^L^ AQTATlh SOCIBTY^S PUBLICATIONS. X V^T IX to XI • Vols. XIII and XVII, and 1. Asiatic RESEARCHES. Y* Yols XIX,and XX @ /10/each... ^'''^ . . • ^^toSely f rc>^?8S?o 1869 (inci".) @ /V P^r - -r^rSrl^BVro^^^^^^^^^^^^ ,344 (12). 1845 (12). Sfei^?^'(^@^^^ per No. to Non- Subscribers^ ^^^j,^^ ^^ jfos.. {„ eacJi I?- F TTie figures enclosed t^ brracfcers g^t Vocabulary, by R. B. Shaw (Extra J^^-' ^ „.^. ^ Q. A. Griergon, 5, Anis-ul-Musharnhi ••• |:g:SSoirLlJS;tmeA.C.«oS«det,,B,ng.. ... 3 3 1 0 4 1 38 6 1 5 3 7 2 0 1 7 1 10 2 3 1 1 6 1 14 a 4 a 2 8 0 0 1 6 8 12 8 2 4 6 14 10 12: 2 4 6 14 0 14 8 10 6 14 6 0 80 5 PROCEEDNGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY JhE j^ONORARY JSeCRETARIES. No. III. MARCH, 1890. " Ihe bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia • and ■within these limits its inquiries will be extended to whatever is performed bv man or produced by nature." — Sir William Jones. Annual Subscription, 3 rupees Price per Number, " g a^^g^g ' Postage in India (Additional), .'..'.' 1 anna. " Price in England, ' g^' 1^° The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meetino- and of the Journal, the annual volume of which is divided into two Parts : Part I bein? devoted to History, Philology, &c.. Part II to Natural Science ; each part if separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover. *#* It is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Sac, to whom all orders for these works are to he addressed in India ; or, in London, to the Society's Agents Messrs. Triihner and Co., 57 8f 59, Ludgate Hill. ' , N. B. — In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meetino- of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA : PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AJfD PUBLISHED BT THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PAEK STREET. 1890. Issued, 12th July, 1890. CONTENTS. Monthly General Meeting Election of Members Withdrawal of Members Appointment of Auditors Appointment of Committees Presentation of a gold coin to the Society by Government N.-W. P, Capt. E. C. Temple exhibited his collection of past and present Burmese Currency and explained and illustrated a peculiar method of Burmese Arithmetic Papers — 1. Ancient Barlaric Customs among the Eindxis. — By Pudmanav Ghosal — Communicated hy Dr. Hoernle 2. Description of a Dipterous Insect {Ommatius Lividipes) found in Simla on the fio%ver of Commelyna obliqua — By MoNS. J. Bigot. Communicated hy E. T. Atkinson, Esq., C. S. 3. Iflote on the Pupce of tuo Indian Butterflies of the suh-family Nemeo- hiinse— By L. DE Nice'ville, Esq., F. E. S., C. M. Z. S. Library,... Page 135 ib. 136 ib. ib. 138 ib. ib. ib. ib. 142 LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE at the library of the Asiatic Society of jBengal, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA. AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY'S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & CO. 57 AND 59, LUDGATE HiLL, LONDON, E. C. BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. Sanskrit Series. Advaita Brahma Siddhi, Fasc.I— III @ /6/ each ... Rs. 1 2 Agni Purana (Sans.) Ease. II — XIV @/6/ each .. ... 4 14 Anu Bhashyam, Ease. I ... ... ... ... Q 6 Aitareya Aranyaka of the Eig Veda, (Sans.) Ease. I — V @ /6/ each ... 1 14 Aphorisms of Sandilya, (English) Ease. I ... ... ...0 6 Aphorisms of the Vedanta, (Sans.) Ease. VII — XIII @ /6/ each ... 2 4 Ashtasahasrika Prajnaparamita, Ease. I — VI @ /6/ each ... ... 2 4 Asvavaidyka, Ease. I — V @ /6/ each ... ... ... 1 14 Avadana Kalpalata by Kshemendra, (Sans. & Tibetan) Vol. I, Ease. I — 2 2 0 Bhamati, (Sans.) Ease. I — VIII @/6/ each ... ... ... 3 Q Brahma Sutra, (English) Ease. I ... ... ... ... 0 12 Brihaddharma Puranam, Fasc. I — II @ /6/ each ... ... 0 12 Brihat Aranyaka Upanishad, (Sans.) Ease. VI, VII & IX @/6/ each ... 1 2 Ditto' (English) Ease. II— III @ /6/ each ... ... Q 12 Brihat Sanihita, (Sans.) Ease. II— III, V— VII @ /6/ each... ... 1 14 Chaitanya-Chandrodaya Nataka, (Sans.) Fase. II — III @ /6/ each ... 0 12 (Continued on third page of cover.) Chaturvarga Chintamani, (Sans.) Vols. I, Fasc. 1—11 ; II, 1—25 ; III, Part I, Fasc. 1—18 ; Part II, Fasc. 1—4 @ /6/ each Fasc. Rs. 21 12 Chhandogya Upanisliad, (English) Fasc. II ... ... ... 0 6 Dasa Rupa, Fasc. II and III @ /6/ ... ... .,' o 12 Gobhih'ya Grihya Sutra, (Sans.) Fasc. I— XII @ /6/ each ... ... 4 8 Hindu Astronomy, (English) Fasc. I— III @ /6/ each ... 1 2 Kalamadhaba, Fasc. I-IV @ /6/ ... ... ... 1 g Katantra, (Sans.) Fasc. I — VI@/12/each ... ... ..' 4 g Katha Sarit Sagara, (English) Fasc. I — XIV @/12/ each ... ...10 8 Kaushitaki Brahman Upanishad, Fasc. II ... .. .06 Kurma Purana, Fasc. I — VIII @/6/ each ... ... ... 3 0 Lalita Vistara, Sans. Fasc. II — VI @ /6/ ... ... .'" 1 14 Lalita Vistara, (English) Fasc. I — III @ /12/ each ... ... 2 4 Madana Parijata, Fasc. I — VI@/6/each ... ... ... 2 4 Manutika Sangraha, Fasc. I — III @ /6/ each ... ... ,,. l 2 Markandeya Pnrana, (English) Fasc. I — II @ /12/ each ... ... 1 8 Markandeya Purana, (Sans.) Fasc. IV — VII @ /6/ each ... ... 1 § Mimamsa Darsana, (Sans.) Fasc. II — XIX @ /6/ each ... ... Q 12 Narada Pancharatna, Fasc. IV ... ... ... ... 0 6 Narada Smriti, Fasc. I — 711 @ /6/ ... ... ... ... j 2 Nayavartikum, Fasc. I ... ... ... q q Nirnkta, (Sans.) Vol. I, Fasc. 4 — 6; Vol. II, Fasc. 1 to 6 ; Vol. Ill, Fasc. 1—6 ; Vol. IV, Fasc. 1—7 @ /6/ each Fasc. ... ... 8 4 Nitisara, or, The Elements of PolK y, by Kamandaki, (Sans.), Fasc. II — V @/6/each.. ... ... ... ... ... l 8 Nyaya Dar?ana, (Sans.) Fasc. Ill ... ... ... ... 0 6 Nyaya Kusumanjali Prakaranam, (Sans.) Vol. I, Fasc. T — III @ /6/ each 1 2 Parisishtaparvana (Sans.) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each ... ... 1 8 Pingala Chhanda Sutra, (Sans.) Fasc. II — III @ /6/ each ... ... 0 12 Prithiraj Rasau, (Sans.) Part I, Fasc. I; Part II, Fasc. I — V@/6/each 2 4 Ditto (English) Fasc. I ... ... ... ... 0 12 Prakrita Lakshanam, (Sans.) Fasc. I ... ... ... 1 14 Parasara Smriti (Sans.) Vol I, Fasc. 1—8, Vol. II, Fasc. 1—2 @/6/each 3 12 Parasara, Institutes of, (English) ... ... ... ...0 12 Srauta Sutra of Apastamba, (Sans.) Fasc. I- -XII @/6/each ... 4 8 Ditto Asvalayana, (Sans.) Fasc. I — XI @ /6/ each ... 4 2 Ditto Latyayana (Sans.) Fasc. I — IX@/6/each ,..3 6 Ditto Sankhyayana, Vol. I, Fasc. 1—7. Vol. II, Fasc. 1—7, (Sans.) @ /6/ each ... ... 3 0 Sama Veda Sauihita, (Sans.) Vols. I, Fasc. 3—10 ; II, 1—6 ; III, 1—7 ; IV, 1—6 ; V, 1—8, @ /6/ each Fasc. ... ... ...13 2 Sahitya Darpana (English) Fasc. I — IV@/6/each ... ... 1 8 Sankhya Sutravritti (Sans.) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each ... ... 1 8 Sankara Vijaya, (Sans.) Fasc. II and III @ /6/ each ... ... 0 12 Sankhya Aphorisms of Kapila^ (English) Fasc. I and II @ /6/ each ... 0 12 Sankhya Pravachana Bhashya, Fasc. Ill (English preface only) ... 0 6 SarvA Darsana Sangraha, (Sans.) Fasc. II ... ... ... 0 6 S'ri Bhashyam, Fasc. I ... ... ... ... ... 0 6 Susimta Samhita, (Eng.) Fasc. I and II @ /12/ each ... ... 1 8 Taittiriya Aranya, Fasc. I — XI @ /lO/ each ... ... ... 4 2 Ditto Brahmana (Sans.) Fasc. I — XXIV @ /6/ each ... ... 9 0 Ditto Sauihita, (Sans.) Fasc. IX— XXXIV @/6/ each... ... 9 12 Ditto Pratisakhya, (Sans.) Fasc. I— III @ /6/ each ... ... 1 2 Ditto and Aitareya Upanishad (Sans.) Fasc. II and III @ /6/ each 0 12 Tandya Brahmana, (Sans.) Fasc. I — XIX @ /6/ each ... ... 7 2 Tatta Chintamani, Vol. I, Fasc. 1—9, Vol. II Fasc. 1— 3(Sans.) @/6/each 4 8 Tul'si Sat'sai, Fasc. I ... ... ... ... ... 0 6 Uttara Naishadha, (Sans.) Fasc. Ill— XII @ /6/ each ... ... 3 12 Uvasagadasao, Fasc. I — V@/12/each ... ... ... 3 12 Varaha Purana, Fasc. I— XIII @ /6/ each ... ... ... 4 14 Vayu Purana, (Sans.) Vol. I, Fasc. I— VI ; Vol. II, Fasc. I— VII, @ /6/ each Fasc. ... ••• ••• ■•• ... 4 14 Vishnu Smriti, (Sans.) Fasc. I— II @ /6/ each ... ... Q 12 Vivadaratnakara, Fasc. I— VII @ /6/ each ... ... ... 2 10 Vrihannaradiya Purana, Fasc. I — V@/6/each ... ... 1 8 Yoga Sutra of Patanjali, (Sans. & English) Fasc. I— V @ /14/ each ... 4 6 (Turn over.) Arabic and Persian Series. *AIamgimamah, with Index, (Text) Fasc. I — XIII @ /6/ each Ka. Am-i-Akbari, (Text) Fasc. I— XXII @ 1/ each Ditto (English) Vol. I (Fasc. I— VII) ... Akbarnamah, with Index, (Text) Fasc. I— XXXIX @ 1/ each Badshahnamah with Index, (Text) Fasc. I — XIX @ /6/ each Beale's Oriental Biographical Dictionary, pp. 29^1, 4to., thick paper, @ 4/12 ; thin paper Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms and Appendix, Fasc. I — XXI @ 1/ each Farhang-i-Kashidi (Text) , Fasc. I— XIV @ 1/ each J<'ihrist-i Tusi, or, Tiisy's list of Shy'ah Books, (Text) Fasc. I— IV @ /12/each ... Futnh-ul-Sham Waqidi, (Text) Fas©. I— IX @ /6/ each ... Ditto Azadi, (Text) Fasc. I— IV @ /6/ each Haft Asm an, History of the Persian Mansawi (Text) Fasc. I History of the Caliphs, (English) Fasc. I— VI @/12/ each... Iqbalnamah-i-Jahangiri, (Text) Fasc. I — III @ /6/ each ... I§abah, with Supplement, (Text) 51 Fasc. @ /12/ each Maasir-ul-Umara, Vol. I, Fasc. 1—9, Vol. II, Fasc. 1— 8 @ /6/ each .. Magh&zi of Waqidi, (Text) Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each lIuntakhab-nl-Tawarikh, (Text) Fasc. I— XV @ /6/ each ... Muntakhab-ul-Tawarikh (English) Vol. II, Fasc. 1—5 @ /12/eaeh ... Muntakhab-ul-Lubab, (Text) Fasc. I— XIX @ /6/ each Mu'asir-i-'Alamgiri (Text), Fasc. I — VI @ /6/ each Nokhbat-nl-Fikr, (Text) Fasc. I Nizami's Khiradnamah-i-Iskandari (Text) Fasc. I and II @ /12/ each... Snyuty's Itqan, on the Exegetic Sciences of the Koran, with Supplement, (Text) Fasc. II— IV, VII— X @ 1/ each Tabaqat-i-Nasiri, (Text) Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each Ditto (English) Fasc. I— XIV @ /12/ each Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi, of Zia-al-din Barni (Text) Fasc. I — ^^''11 @ /6/each Tarikh-i-Baihaqi, (Text) Fasc. I— IX @ /6/ each TariWi-i-Firozshahi, of Shams-i-Sii-aj Afif (Text) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Wis o Ramin, (Text) Fasc. I — V @ /6/ each Zafarnamah, Vol. I, Fasc. I— IX, Vol. II, Fasc. I— VIII @ /&/ each ... Tuznk-i-Zehangiri (English) Fasc. I @ 1/ ASIATIC SOCIETY'S PUBLICATIONS. 1 Asiatic Re&eabches. Vols. VII, IX to XI ; Vols. XIII and XVII, and Vols. XIX and XX @ /10/each... Ditto Index to Vols. I — XVIII 2. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society from 1865 to 1869 (incl.) @ /4/ per No. ; and from 1870 to date @ /6/ per No. 3. Journal of the Asiatic Society for 1843 (12), 1844 (12), 1845 (12), 1846 (5), 1847 (12), 1848 (12), 1850 (7), 1851 (7), 1857 (6), 1853 (5), 1861 (4), 1864 (5), 1865 (8), 1866 (7), 1867 (6), 1868 (6), 1869 (8), 1870 (8), 1871 (7), 1872 (8), 1873 (8), 1874 (8), 1875 (7), 1876 (7), 1877 (8), 1878 (8), 1879 (7), 1880 (8), 1881 (7), 1882 (6), 1883 (5), 1884 (6), 1885 (6) 1886 (8) 1887 (7) @ 1/ per No. to Subscribers and @ 1/8 per No. to Non-Subscribers. N. B. The figures enclosed in brackets give the number of Nos. in each Vohcme. 4. Centenary Review of the Researches of the Society from 1784 — 1883 General Cunningham's Archijeological Survey Report for 1863-64 (Extra No.,J. A. S. B., 1864)... Theobald's Catalogue of Reptiles in the Museum of the Asiatic Society (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1868) ... ... ... . Cat alogue of Mammals and Birds of Burmah, by E. Blyth (Extra No., J't A. S. B., 1875) Ske eh of the Turki Language as spoken in Eastern Turkestan, Part II, Vocabulary, by R. B. Shaw (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1878) Introduction to the Maithili Language of North Bihar, by G. A. Grierson, Part II, Clirestomathy and Vocabulary (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1882) 5 Anis-ul-Mnsharrihi 6* Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata 7- Cfltalogue of the Library of the Asiatic Society, Bengal 4 14, 22 0 12 4 39- 0 7 2 4 8 21 0 14 • 0 3 0 3 6 1 8 0 12 4 R 1 2 38 4 6 6 1 14 5 10 3 12 7 2 2 4 0 6 1 14 7 0 1 14 10 8 2 10 3 6 1 8 1 14 6 f? 1 0 80 0 5 0 3 0 3 0 2 0 3 q PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL EDITED BY The ffoNORARY ISecretaries. No. lY. APRIL, 1890. " The bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia : and within these limits its inquiries will be extended to whatever is performed by man or produced by nature." — Sib William Jones. Annual Subscription, 3 rupees. Price per Number, 6 annas. Postage in India (Additional), 1 anna. Price in England, 6d. I^g" The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Journal, the annual volume of which is divided into two Parts : Part I beinw devoted to History, Philology, &c., Part II to Natural Science ; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover. *#* It is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc, to whom all orders for these works are to be addressed in India ; or, in London, to the Society's Agents, Messrs. Triibner and Co., 57 Sj" 59, Ludgate Rill. N. B. — In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA : FEINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. 1890. Issued, 19th July, 1890. CONTENTS. Monthly General Meeting Election of Members Withdrawal of Members Philological Secretary — Exhibition of two Astrolabes... Papers — 1. Natural History notes from H. M.'s Indian Marine Survey Steamer " Investigator," Commandar R. P. Hoskyn, R. N., Commanding — No. 16. The non-indigenous species of the Andaman Flora. — By D. Pkain. (Abstract) 2. The B^lddhist RemoAns at Mount Uren in Mungir (Monghyr) district, and identification of the site with a celebrated hermitage of Buddha ; illustrated wifh photographs, facsimile ink impressions of inscriptions, Buddha's footprint, and a map.— By L. A. Waddell, M. B. (Title only) , ... Library,... ... ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• Page 147 ih. ib. 148 149 151 ib. LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE at the library of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA. AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY'S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & CO. 57 AND 59, LUDGATE HiLL, LONDON, E. C. BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. SansJcrit Series. Advaita Brahma Siddhi, Fasc. I— III @ /6/ each ... Rs. Agni Parana (Sans.) Fasc. II — XI Y @ /6/ each Ann Bhashyam, Fasc. I Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, (Sans.) Fasc. I — V @ /6/ each Aphorisms of Sandilya, (English) Fasc. I Aphorisms of the Vedanta, (Sans.) Fasc. VII — XIII @/6/each Asbtasahasrika Prajnaparamita, Fasc. I — VI @ jQj each ... Asvavaidyka, Fasc. I — V @ /6/ each AvadanaKalpalata by Kshemendra, (Sans. & Tibetan) Vol. I, Fasc, 1—2 Bhamati, (Sans.) Fasc. I — VIII (g/6/each Brahma Sutra, (English) Fasc. I Brihaddharma Pnranam, Fasc. I — II @ /6/ each Brihat Aranyaka Upanishad, (Sans.) Fasc. VI, VII & IX @ /6/ each Ditto" (English) Fasc. II— III (g /6/ each Brihat Sauihita, (Sans.) Fasc. II— III, V— VII @ /6/ each... Chaitanya-Chandrodaya Nataka, (Sans.) Fasc. II — III @ /6/ each (Continued on third page of cover.) 2 14 6 14 6 4 4 14 0 0 12 12 2 12 14 12 ■Chatm-varga (Jhintamatii, (Sans.) Vols. I, Pasc. 1—11; IT, 1—25 ; ITT, Part I, Fasc. 1—18 ; Part II, Fasc. 1—4 @ /6/ each Fasc. Es. •Chhandogya Upanisbad, (English) Faec. II Dasa Enpa, Fasc. II and III @ /6/ ... ..." '" [[ Gobhih'ya Grihya Sutra, (Sans.) Fasc. I— XII @ /6/ each ... Hindu Astronomy, (English) Fasc. I — III (S) /6/ each Kalamaahaba, Fasc. I-IV @ /6/ ... ... Katantra, (Sans.) Fasc. I— YI @ /12/ each .:. Katha Sarit Sagara, (English) Fasc. I — XIV @ /12/ each .." Kaushitalii Brahman Upanishad, Fa^c. II Knrma Pnrana, Fasc, I — VIII @ /6/ eatfh Lalita Vistara, Sans. Fasc. II— VI @ /6/ Lalita Vistara, (English) Fasc. I— III @ /12/ each .'.".' ].'." Madana Pai'ijata, Fasc. I — VI@/6/each JIanutika Sangraha, Fasc. I — III @ /6/ each ... Markandeya Parana, (English) Fasc. I — II @ /12/ each Markandeya Purana, (Sans.) Fasc. IV — VII @ /6/ each Mimamsa Darsana, (Sans.) Fa«c. II — XIX @ /6/ each Narada Pancharatna, Fasc. JV Narada Smriti, Fasc. I— III @ /6/ ... Nayavartikum, Fasc. I .... Nirukta, (Sans.) Vol. I, Fasc. 4—6; Vol. II, Fasc. 1 to 6 ; Vol. Ill, Fasc. 1—^ ; Vol. IV, Fasc. 1—7 @ /6/ each Fasc. Nitisara, or, The Elements of Polify, by Kamandaki, (Sans.), Paso. II — V @/6/each... Nyaya Darsana, (Sans.) Pasc. Ill ... Nyaya Knsumanjali Prakaranam, (Sans.) Vol. I, Pasc. I — III @ /6/each 1 Parisishtaparvana (Sans.) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Pingala Chhanda Sutra, (Sans.) Fasc. II — III @ /6/ each ... Prithii-aj Easau, (Sans.) Part I, Fasc. I; Part II, Fasc. I— V @ /6/each Ditto (English) Fasc. I ... Prakrita Lakshanam, (Sans.) Fasc. I Parasara Smriti (Sans.) Vol I, Fasc. 1—^8, Vol. II, Fasc. 1—2 @ /6/each Parasara, Institutes of, (English) ... Srauta Sutra of Apastamba, (Sans.) Fasc. I- -XII @ /6/each Ditto Asvalayana, (Sans.) Fasc. I — XI @ /6/ each Ditto Latyayana (Sans.) Pasc. I — IX @ /6/ each Ditto Sankhyayana, Vol. I, Pasc. 1 — 7. Vol. II, Fasc, 1—7, (Sans.) @ /6/each Sama Veda Saruhita, (Sans.) Vols. I, Pasc. 3—10 ; II, 1-^ ; III, 1—7 ; IV, 1—6 ; V, 1—8, @ /6/ each Pasc. Sahitya Dariaana (English) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Sankhya Sutravritti (Sans.) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Sankara Vijaya, (Sans.) Fasc. II and III @ /6/ each Sankhya Aphorisms of Kapila, (English) Fasc. I and II @ /6/ each ... Sankhya Pravachana Bhashya, Fasc. Ill (English preface only) Sarva Darsana Sangraha, (Sans.) Pasc. II S'ri Bhashyam, Fasc. I ... Susruta Samhita, (Eng.) Fasc, I and II @ /12/ each Taittiriya Aranya, Fasc. I — XI @ /lO/ each Ditto Brahmana (Sans.) Fasc. I — XXIV @ /6/each ... Ditto Saaihita, (Sans.) Fasc. IX— XXXIV @ /6/each... Ditto Pratisakhya, (Sans.) Pasc. I — III @ /6/each Ditto and Aitareya Upanishad (Sans.) Fasc. II and III @ /6/ each Tandya Brahmana, (Sans.) Fasc. I — XIX @ /6/ each Tatta Chintamani, Vol. I, Fasc. 1—9, Vol. II Fasc. 1— 3(Sans.) @/6/each Tul'si Sat'sai, Fasc. I TJttara Naishadha, (Sans.) Fasc. Ill — XII @ /6/ each Uvasagadasao, Fasc, I — V @ /1 2/ each Varaha Purana, Fasc. I — XIII @ /6/ each Vayu Purana, (Sans.) Vol. I, Fasc. I— VI ; Vol. II, Fasc, I— VII, @ /6/ each Fasc. Vishnu Smriti, (Sans.) Fasc. I— II @ /6/ each Vivadaratnakara, Fasc. I— VII @ /6/ each Vrihannaradiya Purana, Fasc. I — V @ /6/ each Yoga Sutra of Patanjali, (Sans. & English) Fasc. I— V @ /14/ each ... (Turn over.) 21 12 0 6 0 12 4 8 1 2 1 8 4 8 10 8 0 6 3 0 1 14 2 4 2 4 1 2 1 8 1 8 6 12 0 6 1 2 0 6 8 4 1 8 0 6 1 1 2 1 8 0 12 2 4 0 12 1 14 3 12 0 12 4 8 4 2 3 6 3 0 13 2 1 8 1 8 0 12 0 12 0 6 0 6 0 6 1 8 4 2 9 0 9 12 1 2 0 12 7 2 4 8 0 ■ • 6 3 12 3 12 4 14 4 14 0 12 2 10 1 8 4 6 Arabic ancC Persian Beries. •Al'amgi'mamah, witlEi Index, (Text) Fasc. I— XIII @ /6/ each Rs. iiin-i-Akbari, (Text) Fasc. I— XXII @ 1/ each Ditto (English) Vol.1 (Fase. I— VII) ... Akbarnamah, with Index, (Text) Fasc, I— XXXIX @ 1/ each Badshahnamah with Index, (Text) Fasc. I— XIX @ /6/ each Beale's Oriental Biographical Dictionary, pp. 291, 4to., thick paper, @ 4/12 ; thin paper ... Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms and Appendix, Fiasc. I — XXI @ 1/ each Fai;hang-i-Ilashidi (Text) , Fasc. I— XIV @ 1/ each Jj'ihrist-i Tusi, or, Tusy's list of Shy'ah Books, (Text) Fasc. I — IT @ /12/each ... Futuh-ul-Sham Waqidi, (Text) Fase. I— IX @ /6/ each ..^ Ditto Azadi, (Text) Fasc. I— IV @ /6/ each ... Haft Asm^n, History of the Persian Mansawi (Text) Fasc. I History of the Caliphs, (English) Fasc. I — VI @/12/ each... Iqbalnamah-i-Jahangiri, (Text) Fase. I — III @ /6/ each ... I§abah, with Supplement, (Text) 51 Fasc. @ /12/ each Maasir-uI-Umara, Vol. I, Fasc. 1—9, Vol. II, Fasc. 1—8 @ [Ql each ... Magh&zi of Waqidi, (Text) Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each Muntakhab-nl-Tawarikh, (Text) Fasc. I— XV @ /6/ each ... J"Iuntakhab-ul-Tawarikh (English) Vol. IT, Fasc. 1—5 @ /iVeach ... Muntakhab-nl-Lnbab, (Text) Fasc. I— XIX @ /6/ each ... • ... Mu'asir-i-'Alamgiri (Text), Fasc. I— VI @ /6/ each Nokhbat-nl-Fikr, (Text) Fasc. I Nizami's Khiradnamah-i-Iskandari (Text) Fasc. I and II @ /12/each?.. Snyuty's Itqan, on the Exegetic Sciences of the Koran, with Supplement, (Text) Fasc, II— IV, VII—X @ 1/ each Tabaqat-i-lSTasiri, (Text) Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each Ditto (English) Fasc. I— XIV @ /12/ each Tarikh-i-Firua Shahi, of Zia-al-din Barni (Text) Fasc. I — VII @ /6/each Tarikh-i-Baihaqi, (Text) Fasc. I— IX @ /6/ each Tarikh-i-Firozshahf, of Shams-i-Siraj Afif (Text) Fasc. I — IV @ /ff/ each "Wis o Ramin, (Text) Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each ... Zafarnamah, Vol. I, Fasc. I— IX, Vol. II, Fasc, I— VIII @ /6,'' each ... Tuzuk-i-Zehangiri (English) Fasc. I @ 1/ ASIATIC SOCIETT^S PUBLICATION'S. 1 Asiatic Researches. Vols. VII, IX to XI ; Vols. XIII and XVII, and Vols. XIX and XX @ /lO/ each... Ditto Index to Vols. I— XVIII 2. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society from 1865 to 1869 (incl.) @ /4/ per No ; and from 1870 to date @ /6/ per No. 3 Journal of the Asiatic Society for 1843 (12), 1844 (12), 1845 (12), ' 1846 (5), 1847 (12), 1848 (12), 1850 (7), 1851 (7), 1857 (6), 1858 (5), 1861 (4), 1864 (5), 1865 (8), 1866 (7), 1867 (6), 1868 (6), 1869 (8) 1870 (8), 1871 (7), 1872 (8), 1873 (8), 1874 (8), 1875 (7), 1876 (7), 1877 (8), 1878 (8), 1879 (7), 1880 (8), 1881 (7), 1882 (6), 1883 (5), 1884 (6), 1885 (6) 1886 (8) 1887 (7) @ 1/ per No. to Subscribers and @ 1/8 per No. to Non- Subscribers. Jf . B. The figures enclosed in brackets give the ntmiber of Nos. in each 4. Centenary Review of the Researches of the Society from 1784 — 1883 General Cunningham's Archaeological Survey Report for 1863-64 (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1864)... Theobald's Catalogue of Reptiles in the Museum of the Asiatic Society (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1868) Cataloo-ue of Mammals and Birds of Burmah, by E. Blyth (Extra No., J. a! S. B., 1875) Sketch of the Turki Language as spoken in Eastern Turkestan, Part II, Vocabulary, by R. B. Shaw (Extra No., J. A, S. B., 1878) Introduction to the Maithili Language of North Bihar, by G. A. Grierson, Part II, Chrestomathy and Vocabulary (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1882) 5. Anis-ul-Musharrihi 6. Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata 7. Catalogue of the Library of the Asiatic Society, Bengal ... 4 m 22 0' 39' 4 a 7 2 4 » 21 0 14 0 3 a 3 6 I 8 0 12 4 9 1 2- 38 4 6 S 1 14 5 10 3 12 7 2 2 4 0 6 1 14 7 0 1 14 la 8 2 la 3 6 1 8 1 14 6 6 1 0 80 0 5 0 o 8 8 0 0 0 0 0 1 w ■/?^ PROCEEDINGS P^ OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY JhE j^ONORARY jS ECRETARI ES. No. y. MAY, 1890. " The bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia : and within these limits its inquiries will be extended to whatever is performed by- man or produced by nature." — Sib William Jones. Annual Subscription, 3 rupees. Price per Number, 6 annas. Postage in India (Additional), 1 anna. Price in England, 6(^, ;^P° The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Journal, the annual volume of which is divided into two Parts : Part I bein" devoted to History, Philology, &c.. Part II to Natural Science ; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover. *^* It is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc, to luhom all orders for these ivories are to be addressed in India ; or, in London, to the Society's Agents, Messrs. Trilbner and Co., 37 ^ 59, Ludgate Rill. N. B. — In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly IVIeeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA : PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BT THE ASIATIC SOCIETT, 57, PARK STREET. 1890. Issued August 18th, 1890. CONTENTS. .,. Pag 8 Monthly General Meeting ... ... ... .. ... 159 Election of Members ... ... ... ... ... ii- Withdrawal of Members ... ... ... ... .■• i^- Death of Members ... ... ••• ■•• ••• ••• 160 Philological Secretary — Reports on old coins ... ... ... ii. Papers— 1. Natural History Notes from E. M.'s Indian Marine Survey Steamer . " Investigator" Commander Hosktn, R. N. Commanding. — No. 17. A List of Diamo7id Island Plants.— By D.Pr Am. (Abstract.) ... ... ... 164 2. NovicicB Indices II. An additional species of Ellipanthus. — By D. Peain. (Title only) ... ... .. ... ... ■•. 165 3. Rust and Mildew in India. — By A. Barclay, M. B., Bengal Medical Serwce (Title only) ... ... ... ••• ... ... ^^• 4. Description of a new Psyllid. — By M. Lethierry ... ... ih. 5. On some Definite Integrals. — By Asutosh Mukhopadhyay. (Abstract.) ih. 6. Pandit H. P. Shastri, on an old gun from False Point ... ... 166 Library, ... ... ... ... ... ... ••• 168 LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE at the library of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, No. 57, PAKE STREET, CALCUTTA. AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY'S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & CO. 57 AND 59, LUDGATE HiLL, LONDON, E. C. BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. Sanskrit Series. Advaita Brahma Siddhi, Pasc. I — III @/6/ each ... Es. 1 2 Agni Purana (Sans.) Fasc. II — XIV @/6/ each ... ... 4 14 Ann Bhashyam, Fasc. I ... ... ... ... 0 6 Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, (Sans.) Fasc. I — V @ /&/ each ... 1 14 Aphorisms of Sandilya, (English) Fasc. I ... ... ... 0 6 Aphorisms of the Vedanta, (Sans.) Fasc. VII — XIII @ /6/ each ... 2 4 Ashtasahasrika Prajnaparamita, Fasc. I — VI @ /6/ each ... ... 2 4 Asvavaidyka, Fasc. I — V @ /6/ each ... ... ... 1 14 Avadana Kalpalata by Kshemendra, (Sans. & Tibetan) Vol. I, Fasc. 1—2 2 0 Bhamati, (Sans.) Fasc. I— VIII @ /6/ each ... ... ... 3 0 Brahma Sutra, (English) Fasc. I ... ... ... ... 0 12 Brihaddharma Puranam, Fasc. I — II @ /6/ each .. ... 0 12 Brihat Aranyaka Upanishad, (Sans.) Fasc. VI, VII & IX @ /6/ each ... 1 2 Ditto' (English) Fasc. II— III @ /6/ each ... ... 0 12 Brihat Sauihita, (Sans.) Fasc. II— III, V— VII @ /6/ each... ... 1 14 Chaitanya-Chandrodaya Nataka, (Sans.) Fasc. II — III @/6/ each ,., 0 12 (Continued on third page of cover.) 1—11 ; II, 1—25 ; I j6/ each Fasc. Ks. 21 ... 0 0 4 1 1 4 10 0 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 0 1 0 to 6 ; Vol. Ill, Chaturvarga Clxintamani, (Sans.) Vols. I, Fasc III, Part I, Fasc. 1 — 18 ; Part II, Fasc. 1—4 Chhandogya Upanishad, (English) Fasc. II Dasa Enpa, Fasc. II and III @ /6/ ... Gobhiliya Gnhya Sutra, (Sans.) Fasc. I— XII @ /6/ each Hindu Astronomy, (English) Fasc. I— III @ /6/ each Ealamadhaba, Fasc. I-IV @ /6/ ... ... Katantra, (Sans.) Fasc. I — VI @ /12/ each Katha Sarit Sagara, (English) Fasc. I— XIV @ 712/ each Kanshitaki Brahman Upanishad, Fasc. II Kurma Parana, Fasc. I — VIII @ /6/ each Lalita Vistara, Sans. Fasc. II— VI @ /6/ Lalita Vistara, (English) Fasc. I — III @ /12/ each Madana Parijata, Fasc. I — VI @ /6/ each Jlanutika Saugraha, Fasc. I— III @ /6/ each ... Markandeya Pnrana, (English) Fasc. I — II @ /12/ each Markandeya Purana, (Sans.) Fasc. IV — VII @ /6/ each Mimamsa Darsana, (Sans.) Fasc. II — XIX @ /6/ each Karada Pancharatna, Fasc. IV Narada Smriti, Fasc. I— III @ /6/ ... Kayavartikum, Fasc. I ... Kirukta, (Sans.) Vol. I, Fasc. 4—6; Vol. II, Fasc. 1 Fasc. 1—6 ; Vol. IV, Fasc. 1—7 @ /6/ each Fasc. Nitisara, or, The Elements of Poli< y, by Kamandaki, (Sans.), Fasc. II — V @ /6/eaoh... Nyaya Darsana, (Sans.) Fasc. Ill ... Nyaya Knsumanjali Prakaranam, (Sans.) Vol. I, Fasc. I — III @ /Q/ each Parisishtaparvana (Sans.) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Piiigala Chhanda Sutra, (Sans.) Fasc. II — III @ /6/each ... Prithiraj Rasau, (Sans.) Part I, Fasc, I; Part II, Fasc. I — V@ /6/each Ditto (English) Fasc. I ... Prakrita Lakshanam, (Sans.) Fasc. I Parasara Smriti (Sans.) Vol Ij Fasc. 1 — 8, Vol. II, Fasc. 1 — 2 @/6/each Parasara, Institutes of, (English) ... Srauta Sutra of Apastamba, (Sans.) Fasc. I- -XII @ /6/each Ditto Asvalayana, (Sans.) Fasc. I — XI @ /6/ each Ditto Latyayana (Sans.) Fasc. I — IX @ /6/each Ditto Sankhyayana, Vol. I, Fasc. 1 — 7. Vol. II, Fasc. 1—7, (Sans.) @ /6/each Sama Veda Samhita, (Sans.) Vols. I, Fasc. 3—10 ; II, 1—6 ; III, 1—7 • IV, 1—6 ; V, 1—8, @ /6/ each Fasc. • ... Sahitya Darpana (English) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/each Sankhya Sutravritti (Sans.) Fasc. I — IV @ /6/ each Sankara Vijaya, (Sans.) Ifasc. II and III @ /6/ each Sankhya Aphorisms of Kapila, (English) Fasc. I and II @ /6/ each ... Sankhya Pravachana Bhashya, Fasc. Ill (English preface only) Sarva Darsana Sangraha, (Sans.) Fasc. II S'ri Bhashyam, Fasc. I ... Susruta Samhita, (Eng,) Fasc. I and II @ /12/ each Taittiriya Aranya, Fasc. I — XI @ /lO/ each Ditto Brahmana (Sans.) Fasc. I — XXIV @ /6/ each ... Ditto Samhita, (Sans.) Fasc. IX— XXXIV @ /6/ each... Ditto Pratisakhya, (Sans.) Fasc. I — III @ /6/each Ditto and Aitareya Upanishad (Sans.) Fasc. II and III @ /6/ each Tandj'a Brahmana, (Sans.) Fasc. I — XIX @ /6/ each Tatta Chintamani, Vol. I, Fasc. 1—9, Vol. II Fasc. 1— 3(Sans.) @/6/each Tul'si Sat'sai, Fasc. I Uttara Naishadha, (Sans.) Fasc. Ill — XII @ /6/ each Uvasagadasao, Fasc. I — V @ /12/ each Varaha Purana, Fasc. I— XIII @ /6/ each Vayu Purana, (Sans.) Vol. I, Fasc. I— VI ; Vol. II, Fasc. I— VII, @ /6/ each Fasc. Vishnu Smriti, (Sans.) Fasc. I— II @ /6/ each Vivadaratnakara, Fasc. I— VII @ /6/ each Vrihannaradiya Purana, Fasc. I — V @ 16/ each Yoga Sutra of Patanjali, (Sans. & English) Fasc. I— V @ /14/ each ... (Turn over.J 12 6 12 8 2 8 6 0 14 4 4 2 8 8 12 6 2 6 8 6 2 8 12 4 12 14 12 12 8 2 6 2 8 8 12 12 6 6 6 8 2 0 12 2 12 2 8 6 12 12 14 14 12 10 J radio and Persian Series. Rs. 'Alamgfrnamali, witli Index, (Text) Fasc. I— XIII @ /6/ each Am-i-Akbari, (Text) Fasc. I— XXII @ 1/ each Ditto (English) Vol.1 (Fasc. I— Til) ... Akbarnamah, with Index, (Text) Fasc. I— XXXIX @ 1/ each Badshahnamah with Index, (Text) Fasc. I— XIX @ /6/ each Beale's Oriental Biographical Dictionary, pp. 291, 4to., thick paper, @ 4/12 ; thin paper ... Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms and Appendix, Fasc. I— XXI @ Farhang-i-Eashidi (Text), Fasc. I— XIT @ 1/ each Fihrist-i Tusi, or, Tusy's list of Sliy'ah Books, (Text) Fasc. I— IV @ /12/ each ... Futuh-nl-Sham Waqidi, (Text) Fase. I— IX @ /6/ each ... Ditto Azadi, (Text) Fasc. I— IV @ /6/ each Haft Asman, History of the Persian Mansawi (Text) Fasc. I History of the Caliphs, (English) Fasc. I— VI @/12/ each... Iqbalnamah-i-Jahangiri, (Text) Fasc. I— III @ /6/ each ... Isabah, with Supplement, (Text) 51 Fasc. @ /12/ each Maasir-ul-Umara, Vol. I, Fasc. 1—9, Vol. II, Fasc. 1—8 @ /6/ each ... Magh&zi of Waqidi, (Text) Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each Muntakhab-nl-Tawarikh, (Text) Fasc. I— XV @ /&/ each ... Muntakhab-nl-Tawarikh (English) Vol. II, Fasc. 1—5 @ /12/each ... Muntakhab-nl-Lnbab, (Text) Fasc. I— XIX @ /&/ each ... Mn'asir-i-'Alamgiri (Text), Fasc. I— VI @ /6/ each Nokhbat-nl-Fikr, (Text) Fasc. I ... Nizami's Khiradnamah-i-Iskandari (Text) Fasc. I and II @ /12/each... SuyiitY's Itqan on the Exegetic Sciences of the Koran, with Supplement, (Text) Fasc' II— IV, VII— X @ 1/ each Tabaqat-i-Nasiri, (Text) Fase. I— V @ /6/ each Ditto " (English) Fasc. I— XIV @ /12/ each Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi, of Zia-al-din Barni (Text) Fasc. I — VII @ /(>/ f^&cTn ••• *•• '•' *'• "* '*' Tarikh-i-Baihaqi, (Text) Fasc. I— IX @ /6/ each TariMi-i-Firozshahi, of Shams-i-Siraj Afif (Text) Fasc. I— IV @ /6/ each Wis o Ramin, (Text) Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each ... Zafarnamah, Vol. I, Fasc. I— IX, Vol. II, Fasc. I— VIII @ /6/ each ... Tuzuk-i-Zehangiri (English) Fasc. I @ 1/ ASIATIC SOCIETY'S PUBLICATIONS. 1, Asiatic Researches. 4. Vols. VII, IX to XI ; Vols. XIII and XVII, and Vols. XIX and XX @ /lO/ each. . . Ditto Index to Vols. I— XVIII Proceedings of the Asiatic Society from 1865 to 1869 (incl.) @ /4/ per No • and from 1870 to date @ /6/ per No. JournIl of the Asiatic Society for 1843 (12), 1844 (12), 1845 (12), 1846 (5), 1847 (12), 1848 (12), 1850 (7), 1851 (7), 1857 (6), 1858 (h 1861 (4), 1864 (5), 1865 (8), 1866 (7), 1867 (6), 1868 (6), 1869 (8) 1870 (8) 1871 (7), 1872 (8), 1873 (8), 1874 (8), 1875 (7), 1876 (7), 1877 (8), 1878 (8), 1879 (7), 1880 (8), 1881 (7), 1882 (6), 1883 (5), 1884 (6), 1885 (6) 1886 (8) 1887 (7) @ 1/ per No. to Subscribers and @ 1/8 per No. to Non- Subscribers. N B. The figures enclosed in hrachets give the number of Nos. in each Centenary Review of the Researches of the Society from 1784—1883 General Cunningham's Archaeological Survey Report for 1863-64 (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1864)... Theobald's Catalogue of Reptiles in the Museum of the Asiatic Society (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1868) Catalogue of Mammals and Birds of Burmah, by E. Blyth (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1875) ... ••• ••• Sketch of the Turki Language as spoken in Eastern Turkestan, Part II, Vocabulary, by R. B. Shaw (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1878) Introduction to the Maithili Language of North Bihar, by G. A. Grierson, Part II, Chrestomathy and Vocabulary (Extra No., J. A. S. B,, 1882) Anis-ul-Musharrihi Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata Catalogue of the Library of the Asiatic Society, Bengal ... 4 14 22 0 12 4 39 0 7 2 4 8 21 0 14 0 3 0 3 6 1 8 0 12 4 8 1 2 38 4 6 6 1 14 5 10 3 12 7 2 2 4 0 6 1 14 7 0 1 14 10 8 2 10 3 6 1 8 1 14 6 6 1 0 80 0 5 0 I PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY Jhe J^onorary jSecretaries. No. VI. JUNE, 1890. " The bounds of its investigation will be tha geographical limits of Asia • and within these limits its inquiries will be extended to whatever is performed bv man or produced by nature." — Sir William Jones. Annual Subscription, 3 rupees. Price per Number, g annas." Postage in India (Additional), 1 anna Price in England, _" q^^ ^W The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meetino- and of the Journal, the annual volume of which is divided into two Parts : Part I beino- devoted to History, Philology, &c.. Part II to Natural Science ; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover. *#* It is requested that comnnmications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc, to luhom all orders for these loorJcs are to be addressed in India ; or, in Londori, to the Society's Agents Messrs. Triibner and Go., 57 Sf 59, Ludgate Hill. N. B. — In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA : PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETT, 57, PARK STREET. 1890. Issued 26th August, 1890. Arabic ai'td Persian Series. 'A'lamgirnamah, with Index, (Taxt) Fasc. I— XIII @ /6/ each Rs. 4 14 A'l'n-i-Akbari, (Text) Fasc. I— XXII @ 1/ each ... ...22 0 Ditto (English) Vol. I (Fasc. I— VII) ... ... ...12 4, Akbarn^imah, with Index, (Text) Fasc. I— XXXTX (a) 1/ each ... 39 0 Badshahnamah with Index, (Text) Fasc. I— XIX @ /6/ each ... 7 2 Beale's Oriental Biographical Dictionary, pp. 291, 4to., thin paper ... 4 8 Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms and Appendix, Fasc. I — XXI @ 1/each ... ... ... ... ... ... 21 0 Farhang-i-Eashidi (Text), Fasc. I— XIV @ 1/ each ... ...14 0 Fihrist-i Tusi, or, Tusy's list of Shy'ah Books, (Text) Fasc. I— IV @ /12/each ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 0 Futiih-nl-Sham Waqidi, (Text) Fase. I— IX @ /6/ each ... ... 3 6 Ditto Azadi, (Text) F:tsc. I— IV @ /6/ each ... ... 1 8 Haft Asman, History of the Persian Mansawi (Text) Fasc. I ... 0 12 History of the Caliphs, (Englisii) Fasc. I— VI @/12/ each... ... 4 8 Iqbahiamah-i-Jahangiri, (Text) Fasc. 1 — III @ /6/ each ... ... 1 2 I?abah, with Supplement, (Text) 51 Fasc. @ /12/ each ... ... 38 4 Maasir-ul-Umara, Vol.- 1, Fasc. 1—9, Vol. II, Fasc. 1-9 Vol. Ill, Fasc. 1— 6@ /6/each ... ... ... ... .90 Magh&zi of Waqidi, (Text) Fasc I— V @ /6/ each ... ... 1 14 Muntakhab-ul-Tawiirikh, (Text, Fasc. I— XV @ /6/each ... ... 5 10 Muntakhab-ul-Tawarikh (EnglJh) Vol. II, Fasc. 1—5 (g /12/each ... 3 12 Muntakhab-al-Lnbab, (Text) F.-vr.c. I—XIX @ /6/ each ... ... 7 2 Mu'asir-i-'Alamgiri (Text),Fasc. I— VI @/6/ each ... ... 2 4 Nokh'bat-nl-Fikr, (Text) Jasc. 1 ... ... ... ... 0 6 Nizami's Khiradndmah-i-iskandari (Text) Fasc. I and II @ /12/ each... 1 14 Eiyazu-s-Salatin (Text) Fasc. I- -IV (S/n/ each ... ... 1 8 Snyuty's Itqan, on the Exegetic Sciences of the Koran, with Supplement, (Text) Fasc. II— IV, VII— X @ 1/ each ... ... ,.,7 0 Tabaqat-i-Nasiri, (Text) Fasc. I— V @ /6/ each ... ... 1 14 Ditto (English) Fasc. I— XIV @ /1 2/ each ... ...10 8 Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi, of Zia-al-din Barni (Text) Fasc. I — VII @ /6/each ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 10 Tarikh-i-Baihaqi, (Text) Fasc. I— IX @ /6/ each ... ... 3 6 Tarikh-i-Firozshahi, of Shams-i-Siraj Afif (Text) Fasc. I — V @ /6/ each 1 14 Wis o Ramin, (Text) Fasc. I — V i^ /6/ each ... ... ... 1 14 Zafarnamah, Vol. I, Fasc. I— IX, Vol. II, Fasc. I— VIII @/6/ each ... 6 6 Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri (English) Fasc. 1 @ 1/ .. ... ... 1 0 ASIATIC SOCIETY'S PUBLICATIONS. 1. Asiatic Rese.\bches. Vols. VII, IX to XI ; Vols. XIII and XVII, and Vols. XIX and XX @/10/each... ... 80 0 Ditto Index to Vols. I— XVIII ... ... 5 0 2. Proceeuings of the Asiatic Society from 1865 to 1869 (inol.) @ /4/ per No. ; and from 1870 to date @ /6/ per No. S. Journal of the Asiatic Society for 1843 (12), 1844 (12), 1845 (12), 1846 (5), 1847 (12), 1848 (12), 1850 (7), 1851 (7), 1857 (6), 1858 (5), 1861 (4), 1864 (5), 1865 (8), 1866 (7), 1867 (6), 1868 (6), 1869 (8), 1870 (8), 1871 (7), 1872 (8), 1873 (8), 1874 (8), 1875 (7), 1876 (7), 1877 (8), 1878 (8), 1879 (7), 1880 (8), 1881 (7), 18S2 (6), 188:i (5), 1834 (6), 1885 (6) 1886 (8) 1887 (7) @ 1/ per No. to Sab.soriber8 and @ 1/8 per No. to Non- Subscribers. N. B. The figures enclosed in hrackets give the number of Nos. in each Volume. 4, Centenary Review of the Researches of the Society from 1784 — 1883 3 0 General Ganningham's Archaeological Sarvey Report for 1863-64 (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1864)... ... ... ... ... 1 8 Theobald's Catalogue of Reptiles in the Maseam of the Asiatic Society (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1868) ... ... ... ... 1 8 Oatalo'^ne of Mammals and Birds of Barmah, by B. Blyth (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1875) ... ... ... ... ^ ... 3 0 Sketch of the Tarki Language as spoken in Eastern Tarkestan, Part II, Vocabulary, by R. B. Shaw (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1878) ... 3 0 Introduction to the Maithili Langaage of North Bidir, by G. A. Grierson, Part II, Chrestomathy and Vocabulary (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1832) 5. Anis-ul-Musharrihi 6. Oatalogae of Fossil Vertebrata 7. Catalogue of the Library of the Asiatic Society, Bengal 3 0 3 0 2 0 3 8 \ \ ?.. \ '- \ \ ■ \ \ \ \ J L