2- PROCEEDINGS of i hi: Biological Society of Washington VOLUME XXVII 1914 WASHINGTON PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY Iff ft COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS N. HOLLISTER, Chairman W. L. McATEE WELLS W. COOKE Press of H. L. & J. B. McQueen, Inc. Washington, D. C. OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON For 1914 (ELECTED DECEMBER 13, 1913) OFFICERS President PAUL BARTSCH Vict - Presidents W. 1'. HAY A. D. HOPKINS .1. x. ROSE MARY J. RATHBUN Recording Secretary I). E. LANTZ t 'or responding Secretary \Y. L. McATEE Treasurer WELLS W. COOKE COUNCIL WILLIAM H. DALL* THEODORE GILL* L. 0. HOWARD* FREDERICK V. COVILLE* F. A. LUCAS* C. HART MERRIAM* FRANK H. KNOWLTON* B. W. EYERMANN* GEORGE M. STERNBERG* L. STEJNEGER* T. S. PALMER* DAVID WHITE* E. W. NELSON* WILLIAM PALMER HUGH M. SMITH VERNON BAILEY MARCUS W. LYON, Jr. X. HOLLISTER STANDING COMMITTEES— 1914 Committee on Communications William Palmer, Chairman A. D. Hopkins Lewis R idcliffe II. II. Bartlett W. L. McAtee Committee on Publications N. Hollister, Chairman ('. Y. Piper Edwin" Kirk Alex \Yetmore \Yi:i.is W. Cooke Ex-Presidents of the Society. (iii) EX-PRESIDENTS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON ♦Theodore X. Gill, L881, 1882 * Ciiaki.es A. White, 1883, 1884 *G. Brown Goode, 1885, 1880 William H. Dale, 1887, 1888 * Lester F. Ward, 1889, 1890 C. Hart Merriam, 1891, 1892 *('. V. Riley, 1893, 1894 Geo. M. Sternberg, 1895, 1896 L. 0. Howard, 1897. 1898 Frederick V. Coville, L899, 1900 F. A. Lucas, 1901, 1902 B. \V. Evermann, 1903, 1904 F. H. Knowlton, 1905, 1906 L. Stejneger, 1907, 1908 T. S. Palmer, 1909, 1910 David White, 1911 E. W. Nelson, 1912, 1913 Deceased . (iv) TABLE OF CONTENTS. Officers and Committees for 1914 iii Proceedings for 1914 ix Dates for Ovis canadensis, Ovi* cervina, and Ovis montana, by Wilfred II. Osgood 1-4 A new Helianthus from Colorado, by T. D. A. Cockerell .... 5-8 Description of a New Species of BasiHscus from the Region of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, by Alexander <;. Ruthven 9-12 Ten New Marmots from North America, by Arthur H. Howell . 13-18 New Moles of the Genus Sralopus, by Hartley H. T. Jackson . . 19-22 New Species of Opuntia, by David Griffiths 23-28 Some Undescribed North American Sapromyzidae, by J. R. Malloch 29-42 Four New Birds from Newfoundland, by Harry C. Oberholser . 43-54 New Moles of the Gertus Scapanus, by Hartley H. T. Jackson . 55-56 Four New Neotropical Rodents, by N. Hollister 57-60 A New Delphinium from Utah, by Ivar Tidestrom 61-62 1 >escriptions of Three New Raccoons from the Mexican Boundary Region, by Edgar A. Mearns 63-68 Description of a New Species of Corymbites from the Sonoran Zone of Washington State, by J. A. Hyslop 69-70 Description of a New Subspecies of Moose from Wyoming, by E. W. Nelson 71-74 A New Bat of the Genus Mimon from Mexico, by E. A. Goldman 7o-7ii Description of a New Engystomatid Frog of the Genus Hypo- pachvs, by Alexander G. Ruthven 77-SO Simuliidae of Peru, by Frederick Knab 81-86 A New Race of the Mandarin Duck from Southern Japan, by Austin H. Clark 87-88 Two New Murine Rodents from Eastern Asia, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr 89-92 Description of a New Subspecies of Pogonomyrmrx occideutalis Cresson from Nevada, by Frederick M. Caige 93-96 W'H'thia helianthoides Nuttall and Wyethia amplexicaulis Nut- tall 97-98 General Notes 99-102 The Status of Cebus imitator Thomas, by F. A. Goldman, 99; Note on the Skunks of Indiana, with a Correction, by Arthur II. Howell, 100; Note on Anas cristata Gmelin, by J. H. Riley, 100; Note on Eptesicus propinquus, by Wilfred II. ( teg I, 101; Pooecetes gramineus confinis in Louisiana, by Harry ('. Oberholser, 101; The Earliesl Systematic Name for (v) 2^ oil vi Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. the Tnoza or Georgia Pocket Gopher, by Edgar A. Mearns, 102; The Status of Certain American Species of Myotis, by E. A. Goldman, 102. Four New Mammals from Tropical America, by X. Hollister . 103-106 A New Red-winged Blackbird from the Great Basin, by Joseph Grinnell 107-108 A New Bat from Mexico, by Glover M. Allen 109-112 Diagnosis of a New Subspecies of Gambel's Quail from Colorado, by Edgar A. Mearns 113-114 Eleven New Species and Subspecies of Pocket Gophers of the Genus Thomomys, by Vernon Bailey 115-118 A New Accipiter from Porto Pico with Notes on the Allied Forms of Cuba and San Domingo, by Alex Wetmore 119-122 Supplementary Notes on Peruvian Simuliidae, by Frederick Kiiab 123-124 Key to the Nearctic < Jenera and Species of Geocorinse, by W. P. McAfee 125-136 Synopsis of the Genus Probezzia, with Description of a New Species, by J. R. Malloch 137-140 Descriptions of Four New Mammals from Tropical America, by N. Hollister 141-144 General Notes 145-150 The Systematic Name of the Pacific Walrus, by Leonhard Stejneger, 145; The Breeding Place of Dermestes elongatus Leconte, by Herbert S. Barber, 14<>; The Generic Names Speothos and J cticy on, by J. A. Allen, 147; Luminous Earth- worms in Washington, 1). G, by P. Alex. McDermott and Herbert S. Barber, 147-14S; On the Remains of an Apparently Reptilian Character iii theCotingidse, by J. II. Riley, 14S-149. Studies in Tubuliferous Thysanoptera, by J. Douglas Hood. . . 151—172 Descriptions of Thirty apparently New Grizzly and Brown Bears from North America, by C. Hart Merriam 173-196 A New Amelanchier from Southeastern California, by Paul C. Standley 197-198 A New Snake from Northern Brazil, by Thomas Barbour . . . 199-200 On Some Australasian Reptiles, by Thomas Barbour 201-206 A New Race of Microtus montamis from the Central Sierra Nevada, by Joseph Grinnell 207-208 New Mammals from Costa Rica and Mexico, by X. Hollister . . 209-210 Two New North American Bats, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr 211-212 An Apparently New Sporophila from Ecuador, by J. H. Riley . 213-214 General Notes , 215-220 The Systematic Name of the Brazilian Crab-eating Raccoon, by X. Hollister, 215; The Generic Name of the Collared Peccaries, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., 215; The Technical Names of the Common Skunk and Mink of the Eastern States, by N. Hollister, 215; The Generic Name of the Common Flying- squirrels, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., 216; On the Systematic TabU of Contt nts. vii Names of the Cheetahs, by N. Hollister, 216; Tadarida Ita6nesque versus Nyctinom.ua Geoffroy, by M. \V. Lynn. Jr., 217-218; Interesting Mammals on the Pribilof Islands, by G. Dallas Hanna, 218; The Spotted Tiger-cal in Texas, by \. Hollister, 219. The Genus Chouya, by Paul C. Standley 221-224 A. New Bat from Cuba, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr 225-226 General Notes 227-230 Pipistn llusin Maine, by MantonCopeland, 227; Liechtenstein's Plural Distributive Generic Names Bubalides, Connochaetes, and Gazellae, by M. \V. Lyon, Jr., 228-229; Further Note on the Generic Name of the Collared Peccaries, byGerrittS., Miller, Jr., 229. PLATES. I. Facing p. 10. Head of type-specimen of Basiliscus barbovri. II. " 40. North American Sapromyzidse. HI. " 172. New Species of Trichothrips and Haplothrips. IV. " 172. Haplothrips, Rhynchothrips, Liothrips, and Dichne- tothrips. V. " 172. New Species of Diceratothrips, Polyphemothrips, and Cryptothrips. The Committee on Publications declares that each paper of this volume was distributed on the date indicated on its initial page. The index, title page, and minutes of meetings for 1914 (pp. i-xiii, 231-234) were issued "ii February 12, 1915. Vol. XXVII, pp. ix-xiii PROCEEDINGS < >l-- THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON PROCEEDINGS. The Society meets in the Assembly Hall of the Cosmos Club on alternate Saturdays at 8 p. m. January 10, 1914— 519th Meeting. President Paul Bartsch in the chair and 46 persons present. William Palmer exhibited the skull of a young opossum found dead with a persimmon seed lodged in its throat; death had been caused by starvation. Alex Wetmore reported the presence of large numbers of starlings in Washington. Paul Bartsch reported having recently seen a black vulture near Washington. The regular program was a continuation of the discussion on Parallel Development. Leonhard Stejnegcr, Thomas Barbour, Barton W. Evermann, Theodore Gill, Paul Bartsch, A. D. Hopkins and William Palmer took part. January 24, 1914-520th Meeting. President Bartsch in the chair and 49 persons present. The program consisted of three communications, as follows: ' Winter Bird Life in the Swamps of Alabama " : E. G . Holt. "Pollen Protection in the Flowers of Acacia and Anona": W. E. Safford. "The Problem of the Gliding Gull ": William Palmer. February 7, 1914 — 521st Meeting. President Bartsch in the chair and 36 persons present. Barton W. Evermann exhibited a model of n peculiar trap, called the Klips, used in capturing fur animals by natives of the Aleutian Islands. (ix) x Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. The following communications were presented: ' Notes on the Fossil Mammals of the Fort Union": J. W. Gidley. ■ 'Certain Seeds used for Ornamental Purposes in the West Indies": J. N. Rose. February 14, 1914— 522d Meeting. Vice-President J. N. Rose in the chair and 32 persons present. The following communications were presented : 'Seasonal Movements of Fishes at Lake Maxinkuckee " : Barton W . Evermann. "An American Swastika": Henry Talhott. "Surface Temperature in the Humboldt Current and its Coastal Eddies": R. E. Coker. March 7, 1914— 523d Meeting. Vice-President A. D. Hopkins in the chair and 26 persons present. Marcus W. Lyon, Jr., reported an unusual absence of red- headed woodpeckers this winter on the grounds of the Freed- om n's Hospital. William Palmer criticised some recent restorations of pre- historic men. The following formal communications were presented: ' Remains of a Prehistoric Feast ": William Palmer. "Additional Evidence of Mutation in (Enothera'\' H. H. Bartlett. March 21, 1914— 524th Meeting. President Bartsch in the chair and 47 persons present. C. V. Piper exhibited curious specimens of cowpeas from Northern Nigeria and of soy beans from Corea. The regular program consisted of two communications : "Arabic Interpretations of the Songs of Birds": Paul B. Popenoe. ' Bird Migration in the Mackenzie Valley" : Wells W. Cooke. April 4, 1914— 525th Meeting. Vice-President \Y . P. Hay in the chair and 35 persons present. The program consisted of three communications : Proceedings. xi "Notes mi the Hatching of a Local Terrapin (Kinosternon pennsylvanicum)',\ William Palmer. "An Account of :t Visit to Some of the Smaller Museums ": 0. P. Hay. 'The Fishes of the Lahonton Basin": J. 0. Snyder. April 11, 1914— 526th Meeting. Vice-President Rose in the chair and 40 persons present. Three communications were presented : " Notes on Bermuda Birds": Titus Ulke. Reactions of Corals to Food and to Non-nutrient Particles and the Nature of the Food of Corals": T. Wayland Vaughan. 1 The Plankton Resources of Some Massachusetts Ponds": A. A. Doolittle. May 2, 1914— 527th Meeting. Vice-President Hay in the chair ami 46 persons present. W. L. McAtee made remarks on the abundance of birds in the neighborhood of Washington as given in lists of 1862 and 1883, compared with the numbers at present. Three communications were presented : "A Journal of the Wilkes Exploring Expedition": W. P. Hay. 'The Home and Country of Linnaeus": S. M. Gronberger. ' Illustrations of Washington Wild Flowers": L. D. Halleck. October 17, 1914— 528th Meeting. President Bartsch in the chair and 36 persons present. Resolutions on the death of Dr. Theodore N. Gill were read. L. O. Howard gave evidence to show that arsenical spraying in connection with the destruction of the gypsy moth in New England had not killed native birds. President Bartsch reported that English sparrows had eaten many army worms in Washington during the recent invasion of these insects. Three communications were presented. "A Mouse that Lives in Tree-tops": Vernon Bailey. ' Botanical Collecting in the Northwest ": A. S. Hitchcock. 'The Present State of Fox-farming": Ned Dearborn. xii Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. October 31, 1914— 529th Meeting. President Bartsch in the chair and 110 persons present. Two communications were presented. 'Pelage Variations of American Moles": Hartley H. T. Jackson. 'Twenty Years Experience with Great Apes in Western Africa": R. L. Garner. November 14, 1914— 530th Meeting. President Bartsch in the chair and 37 persons present. Marcus \Y. Lyon, Jr., reported the capture of an American coot on top of the Blue Ridge Mountains. L. 0. Howard exhibited a tooth of a saber-tooth tiger from the asphalt deposits near Los Angeles, Calif. Three communications were presented. 'Certain Miocene Fossils": William Palmer. "Arabic Zoology": Paul B. Popenoe. "A National Bird Census": Wells- W. Cook.'. November 28, 1914— 531st Meeting. President Bartsch in the chair and 31 persons present. C. W. Stiles made remarks on his experiences in sanitation in relation to hook worm disease. \Ym. Palmer exhibited some interesting fossils from the Miocene deposits near Chesapeake Beach. Three communications were presented. A Porcupine Skull Showing an Extra Pair of Upper In- cisors": Marcus W. Lyon, Jr. ' Notes on Some Fishes Collected by Doctor Mearns in the Colorado River": J. 0. Snyder. ' Notes on Some Birds Observed on the Florida Keys in April, 1914 ": Paul Bartsch. December 12, 1914— 532d Meeting. THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL MEETING. President Bartsch in the chair and 18 members present. The annual reports of officers were received. The following officers were elected for the year 1915: President: Paul Bartsch. Proceedings. xiii Vice-Presidents: W. P. Hay, J. N. Rose, A. I). Hopkins, Mary -I . Rathbun. Recording Secretary : Marcus VV. Lyon, Jr. Corresponding Secretary : W. L. McAtee. Treasurer: W'dls W. Cooke. Members of Council: William Palmer, Hugh M. Smith, Vernon Bailey, X. Hollister, J. W. Gidley. President Bartsch was selected to represent the Society as a Vice-President of the Washington Academy of Sciences. The President reappointed the present standing committees on Communications and on Publications. Vol. XXVII. pp. 1-4 February 2, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF 111 E BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DATES FOR OVIS CANADENSIS, OVIS CERVINA, AND OVIS MONTANA. BY WILFEED II. OSGOOD. Since the publication of a former paper on The Name of the Rooky Mountain Sheep," * further data relating to the same subject have been brought to my attention by Dr. Charles \Y. Richmond. At Doctor Richmond's solicitation, I have arranged this matter for publication and included with it a few additional notes. The previous conclusion that Ovis canadensis takes precedence over the two other names published in the same year is not affected except by substantiation. The facts as they now appear are that Ovis canadensis Shaw was published near the first of February, 1804; Ovis cervina Desmarest near the first of March, 1804; and Ovis montana Schreber near the first of April, 1804. Ovis canadensis Shaw. This name was published in the Naturalist's Miscellany, a work of twenty-four volumes issued in monthly parts from August 1, 1789, to July 1, 1813. Each part consists of brief text by George Shaw and a colored plate for each species described. The majority of the plates were executed by Frederick P. Nodder, who seems to have been both publisher ami illustrator, but some, as those in Vol. XXIII, were by Richard I'. Nodder, while the title page of this volume bears the name E. Nodder. The dates of the parts of the earlier volumes are quite consistently in- scribed on the plates showing that the parts were issued regularly on the first of each month in accordance with the plan as announced in the preliminary prospectus. + In later volumes dates do not occur with the same regularity, some volumes having no dates whatever, and this fact has been taken as indication that the regularity was not continued} in *These Proceedings, XXVI, pp. 57-62, March, 1913. ■J-SeeSherborn, Ann. >v Mag. Nat. Hist.. (6), XV. p. 376, 1895. t See All. -n. null. Am. Miis. Nat. Hi-t.. XXX l, p. 15, March, 1912. 1-1'itoc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 191 1. (1) 2 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. spite of other evidence which seems conclusive that it was. This evidence need not he detailed, but it includes the original prospectus, the admitted regularity for the first thirteen volumes, the fact that the scattered dates of the later volumes occur on the parts that would in regular course have been issued on those dates,* the fact that such scattered dates occur even in the next to the last volume practically at the end of the series, + and the correspondence of the issue of the last part with the date of Doctor Shaw's death which occurred on July 22, 1813. The last volume, there- fore, closes with the part for July instead of that for August as otherwise would have been the case. In the face of this evidence of regularity, the mere absence of printed dates even on a large number of the parts has scarcely any weight. The number of plates per part varied from three to four, but, as first noticed by Doctor Richmond, practically every part begins with a bird and thus it is simple to distinguish parts in the bound volumes when they are not otherwise obvious. Knowing the date of beginning and of ending, the number of parts, and the interval between issues, the determination of the date of any particular part is a matter of very simple mathematics and exceedingly conclusive. By this method, Ovis canadensis, which is in an undated part, is shown to have appeared in February, 1804,+ and the presumption that it appeared February first is so strong as to be accepted for practical purposes. Ovis cervina Desmarest. This name was first published in the twenty-fourth and last volume of the " Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle." This volume and the two preceding ones, issued simultaneously, bear the title page date 1804, while volumes I-XXI are dated 1803, although volumes I— III, as appears below, were actually issued in 1802. The series was issued quarterly in " livraisons " of three volumes each and the exact dates of their publica- tion are indicated by regular notices which appeared in the "Journal Typographique. "§ The twenty-fourth volume is noticed in the issue for March 7, 1804, and that therefore is the approximate date of the name Ovis cervina. Since they will doubtless be of use in other connections, the notices of the entire series are given, as follows: * In the very few cases where there is not absolute agreement, the date on the plate is always earlier, never later, than the contingent date of issue. t This evidently escaped Doctor Allen, possibly on account of imperfection in the copy of the work examined by him. In the Field Museum copy and the Library of Congress copy, Plate 1004 of Vol. XXIII is dated 1812. In this connection, it may be stated that these copies directly disagree with Doctor Allen's statements in the following particulars: Vol. II, Pis. 44, 62, 69, and 72 are dated; Volume III, PI. 78 is dated; Vol. IV, PI. 124 is dated ; Vol. V, PI. 152 is not dated ; Vol. XXIII, PI. 1004 is dated. t This coincides with Doctor Allen's conclusion that" careful collation of Shaw and Nodder's work given below shows that the actual date of publication of this name was almost unquestionably February, 1804." (1. c, p. 11.) §"A weekly journal, published in Paris from 1797 to 1810, devoted exclusively to the announcement of new works, music, etc. ; succeeded in 1811 by the ' Journal General de l'Imprimerie et de la Librarie,' " Richmond, The Auk, XVI, p. 326, footnote, October, 1*99. Osgood — Dates for Oris canadensis, Oviscervina, Oris montana. 3 Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle. Livraison I. Vols. [-III. 29 pll. L944 pp. " La premiere livraison est en vente " * * * " laseeonde [livr. ] paraitra suns faute dans trois mois, aveo 32 planches." Journ. '.Vl'-i VI, p. 74, 15 Frimaire, an 11 (=Dec. 6, 1802). Livr. 2. Vols. 1V-VI. 32 pll. "Les autres livraisons se succeront tres rapidement, comme 1'a promis l'editeur dans sn Prospectus." Journ. typ., VI, i>. 137, 15 Pluviose, an 11 (=Feb. 4, 1803). Livr. 3. Vols. YII-IX. 32 pll. Journ. typ., VI, p. 210, 24 Germinal, an 11 (=Apr. 14, 1803). Livr. 4. Vols. X-XII. 27 pll. Journ. typ., VI, p. 273, 24 Prairial, an 11 (=June 13, 1803). Livr. 5. Vols. XIII-XV. 32 pll. Journ. typ., VI, p. 337, 24 Thermidor, an 11 (=Aug. 12, 1803). Livr. (i. Vols. XVI-XVIII. 32 pll. Journ. typ., VII, p. 38, 16 Brumaire, an 12 (=Nov. 8, 1803). Livr. 7. Vols. XIX-XXI. 32 pll. ' ' Cette entreprise tonche a sa fin ; sous deux mois paraitra la derniere Livraison." Journ. typ., VII, p. 82, 30 Frimaire, an 12 (=Dec. 22, 1803). Livr. 8. Vols. XXII-XXIV. 45 pll. Journ. typ., VII, p. 165, 16 Ventose, an 12 (=March 7, 1804). Ovis montana Schreber. The first publication of this name is that on Plate 294 D of "Die Saugthiere." This plate was supplementary to Heft 62 of the great work and, as shown by Sherborn,* was published in the year 1804. A more exact date is indicated by the following notice under " Xeue periodische Schriften " in the Intelligenzblatt der Allgemeine Lituratur- Zeitung, Jahrg. 1804, No. 152, Col. 1229, Sept. 22, 1804: "In der vergangenem Ostermesse sind von dem Saugethierwerke des Herrn Prasidenten von Schreber folgende Fortsetzungen erchienen: 1) Von der ersten Ausgabe das 62ste Heft, ilium, auf holland. Papier und Sehwarz, gr. 4. 2) Von der dritten oder monatlichen Ausgabe das 88ste bis 93ste Heft, illuminirt auf hollandisch Papier, gr. 4." The " Ostermesse," Buchhandlermesse, or Easter bookseller's fair, was held in I^eipzig during the week following Easter Sunday. In the year 1804, Easter Sunday fell on the first day of Aprilf and the following day, therefore, may be regarded as the actual date of publication of the name Ovis montana, approximately one month after the appearance of Ovis cervina, and two months later than that of Ovis canadensis. * Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 587, 1891. t Calculated by the Gauss method for finding the date of Easter. Vol. XXVII, pp. 5-8 February 2, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW HELIANTHUS FROM COLORADO BY T. I). A. COCKERELL. In the vicinity of Boulder, Colorado, the species of perennial sunflowers are common. Helianthus pumilus Nutt. abounds in the foothill region, in rather dry, rocky places. IT. subrhom- boideus Rydberg I have found by roadsides east of Boulder, moderately common. The third species is a tall plaid common on ditch banks and by streams everywhere on the adjacent plains. Daniels, in his Flora of Boulder, Colorado, and vicinity (1011) calls this third species H. grosseserratus Martens, hut also cites H. fascicular is Greene from Boulder, crediting the record to Rydberg. In his Flora of Colorado (1906) Rydberg gives a single record of H. grosseserratus from Fort Collins, but cites //. fascicularis from Fort Collins, Boulder, and other locali- ties. According to the characters given in the key (Rydberg, 1. c. ]>. 373), our plant is fascicularis and not grosseserratus. The original H . fascicularis was described by Greene from Cimarron (Greene) and Gunnison (Baker). It is a plant of the Colorado mountain region, apparently quite distinct from that of the plains. Doctor Rydberg, however, believes that the two represent forms of a single species. I sent him a manu- script description of our Boulder plant and he kindly replied (litt. October 7, 1913): "Helianthus fascicularis was described from Colorado, and the type fits your description. It may he that H. grosseserratus of Daniels' Flora is the same. I do not remember that //. grosseserratus is found in Colorado. It may 1"' that H. fascicular;* Greene is not exactly the same as H. utahensis. I believe that the two represent the extreme forms of the same species, H. fascicularis representing the eastern and j— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (5) 6 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. utahensis the western form." In a later letter (October 16) Doctor Rydberg further discusses the question, and states that he has a specimen of the Boulder county plant. In spite of this opinion, it seemed to me tbat both according to descriptions and herbarium material tbe plants were not the same, although I was obliged to admit that some of the ap- parent differences seen on comparing descriptions were falla- cious. I accordingly appealed to Mr. Geo. E. Osterhout, who was familiar with both forms in life. He replied (November 6, 1013): 'I had not thought that Helianthus fascicularis of the mountains and the Helianthus of the river and ditch banks about here (Windsor, Colorado) were the same. Doctor Ryd- berg in his Flora gives H. grosseserratus as occurring at Fort Collins; now I do not think there is any other Helianthus growing about Fort Collins different from the one with which we are familiar.* . . . When Greene and Nelson described the mountain plant I supposed that it was a different species, and it seems to me that they must have thought so, for they must have been more or less familial1 with the plant of the plains, which was going for H. grosseserratus. The plant along the river here grows in quite large clusters, the peduncles are short, and the stems large and stout. The mountain plant is slender, the peduncles are long, and few stems are found grow- ing together." Mr. Osterhout further sends me a sheet of the plains plant, on which he had written long before the present discussion came up, "Helianthus grosseserratus (what I have taken for that) does not have leaves ' hoary-downy beneath,' nor are the scales ' slightly ciliate,' nor does it grow on 'dry plains,' as Gray's Synoptical Flora says." After prolonged consideration of the-subject, 1 must agree with Doctor Rydberg that our plant is not H. grosseserratus, and with Mr. Osterhout that it is not H. fascicularis. It may therefore be separated as follows : Helianthus coloradensis sp. nov. Perennial, fully six feet high, growing in clumps, beginning to flower early in August. Stems strict, very smooth, reddish, with a glaucous bloom. Leaves elongate-lanceolate, deep green, rough, with feebly and remotely dentate margins; upper leaves alternate, lower opposite. In- volucral bracts very long and slender, about Id mm. long, long-ciliate •Rydberg also records H. fascicularis from Fort Collins.— T. D. A. C. Cockerell — .1 New Helianthus from Colorado. 7 basally; disc bracta ordinary, pointed, without lateral lobes <>r teeth. A.chenes perfectly glabrous; pappus-scales nearly two-thirds the length of the disc corollas, two in Dumber, without intermediate squamellae, hut the ray achenes are trigonal, and regularly possess three pappus scales; disc yellow; rays brighl orange. Very common at the type locality, lew miles east of Boulder, Colo- rado. Type, No. 1 , Cockered.* Helianthus coloradensis andrewsi var. nov. Rays deep orange, a much richer color than the type. Boulder (D. M. Andrews). Type, No. 2, Cockerell. This is possiblya western subspecies of //. grosseserrat us, but the leaves are only feehly dentate ami beneath are scabrous and hardly pallid. It is not known that the plant meets the range of typical grosseserratus ; hut if it does, and intermediates are found, it will still he a question whether they are not hybrids. The ecological position of the plant is distinct, as well as some of the characters. According to Greene's de- scription of II. fascicularis, that species differs by the solitary stems, only two or three feet high; leaves all (so far as the description shows) opposite, the blades 3-6 inches long (9 inches long in coloradensis) ; heads 1 to 3 (many in coloradensis) ; bracts mostly appressed (loose and spread- ing in colora den. sis) ; pappus scales shorter. Comparing //. coloradensis with //. utahensis (fascicularis), as described by Nelson, the same differ- ences appear, and in addition the disc of utahensis is said to be yellowish brown, whereas it is yellow in coloradensis. Later, Nelson has referred both fascicularis and utahensis to H. nultalli.'f T am indebted to Mr. Osterhout for the loan of a cotype of H. fascicularis, from Gunnison, Colorado, 7680 ft., August L6 ( Baker, 816). Some of the characters sup- posed to be distinctive do not hold; the upper leaves are alternate, and the plant carries six heads. The color of the disc does not appear to differ from that of H. coloradensis. On the other hand, the stature is very much less than in coloradensis ; a fully mature plant is 3 feet 6 inches high. The involucral bracts are more or less spreading, at least the outer ones; hut they do not extend conspicuously beyond the head in bud as they do in coloradensis. This difference is equally evident on i iparison with a head of //. fascicularis from the Mogollon Mts., Socorro Co., New Mexico (Wooton), kindly sent by Mr. Standley. The leaf blades of the cotype fascicularis are about 4 inches long and % inch broad, narrowly acuminate at both ends, with the subhasal lateral nerv- ures coming off at a very acute angle, in entire contrast with the other * I have no permanent herbarium, and all my plant types, so far as I have control Of them, will so to the I'. S. National Museum. t On the Pacific coast the nuttallii group is represented by 11. californicus, for fresh material of which (grown in the garden of the University of California | I am indebted to Dr. H. M. Hall. This plant is remarkable for having the achenes of the ray florets wholly without pappus scales. even in bud; the disc achenes have the usual pairof long pointed pappus scales. The involucral bracts are sparsely hairy, but not cilia te. 8 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. lateral nervures (style <>f Viguiera helianthoides H. B. K., from Cuba). In //. coloradensis the liases of the leaves are much broader, and the sub- basal nervures make a large angle with the midrib, differing little herein from the lateral nervures. The real fascicularis is widely distributed in the mountains, going south into New Mexico, while Mr. Osterhout collected perfectly characteristic specimens in two different years at Bosworth's Ranch, Stove Prairie, Larimer Co., Colorado. Vol. XXVII, pp. 9-12 February 2, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON : DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF BASILISCUS FROM THE REGION OF THE SIERRA NEVADA DE SANTA MART A, COLOMBIA. BY ALEXANDER (i. RUTH YEN. The specimens of Basiliscus obtained in the Santa Marta Re- gion by the Bryant Walker Expedition of the University of Michigan differ so markedly from the known forms in the genus as to indicate that they belong to a different species. The Colombian form is apparently nearest to Basiliscus americanus, but it is not described under any of the names usually placed in the synonymy of that species. The collection contains thirty-seven specimens.* Basiliscus barbouri t sp. nov. Diagnosis. — Size large; general form, including the dorsal and caudal crests, but excepting the head crest, as in B. americanus. In adult males the occipital swellings rounded above, meeting in a median groove (thus no parietal ridge), and obtusely pointed posteriorly, quite covering the parietal ridge of bone and its cartilaginous extension and not merging gradually into the crest. The head crest single, not erect but pendent upon the side of the neck, ribbon-like, narrowing rapidly from its base, which extends on the median line of the head from a point above or be- hind the ear opening to the anterior region of the neck, to form a long narrow lobe. Base of head crest covered with small, pointed, smooth, tubercular, or feebly keeled scales, the upper ones largest; scales of the •Since this description was prepared the writer lias examined 12 immature speci- mens in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, collected by W. W. Brown, Jr., at Palomina (5000 feet) and La Concepcion (3000 feet) in the Santa Maria Mountains. While most of the specimens are too young for specific indentifica- tion, the species is indicated by a partly grown male (Cat. No. 6563, M. C. Z.) which has the form of head crest described for /,'. barbouri. tNamed for Mr. Thomas Barbour, Herpetologist in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Cambridge, Massachusetts. :.;— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (9) 10 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. lobe long and very narrow, six or seven times as long as wide. Ventral scales smooth. General color above olive brown, usually finely spotted with pale yel- lowish on the body, five black cross bars on each side between the limbs, and two on the neck, these interrupted by a yellowish band extending from the neck or from above the ear to the groin ; limbs dark brown barred and spotted with yellow or pale olive. In the adults there is a short yellow band from the posterior corner of the eye to above the ear, and another, poorly defined below, from the lower eyelid to the shoulder, these light bands usually brighter than the body stripes and with more or less distinct black margins on the temporal region. An indistinct yellowish band sometimes present on the lower part of the sides. Coloration of the young similar to that of the adults except that the markings are more distinct, and the lower body stripe is continuous with the lower neck stripe across the shoulder, anteriorly extending upon the side of the muzzle and in- volving the lower eyelid. All markings more obscure in adults but as a rule more distinct in the females. Habitat. — Found on the lowlands at the base of the Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia, from Santa Marta to Fundacion, and in the moun- tains to 2200 feet (Minca). Type-specimen.— Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Cat. No. 45,411; Gaira River at Minca, San Lorenzo, Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia (altitude 2200 feet); July 14, 1913; Alexander G. Ruthven, collector. Description of type-specimen. — Adult male. Head crest long and nar- row, nearly twice as long as its greatest width, rising on the median line from a point above the ears to the anterior region of the neck ; upper margin not erect, when supported it is on the plane of the orbital angles and the highest point is just above the posterior margin of the maxillary protuberances; posterior margin rising directly upward to a point a little behind the highest point of the upper margin and then backward and downward parallel with the dorsal to form the narrow lobe. Entire crest pendent upon the side of the neck from near the base, the latter par- tially erect to highest point. Occipital swellings rounded above and meeting in a shallow groove, thus covering the parietal extension of the skull so that there is no ridge preceding the crest. Base of crest covered with slightly enlarged pointed scales with low keels that become smooth toward the lobe; scales of lobe in about 8 rows of 16 or 17, long and very narrow, approximately 6 or 7 times as long as broad. Seven upper labials and 7 and 8 lower labials to below the center of the eye; two sub- labials in contact with the labials on one side, on the other the second and third partly separated from the labials by a small plate. Ventral scales" smooth. A high dorsal crest, as high as the body, and a high caudal crest, both covered with large smooth scales. Color of body and neck above dull brownish olive, indistinctly and finely spotted with dull yellow and with a few irregular black spots (the remnants of cross bars) ; the dorsal crest paler and with a few small black Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1W14. Plate I. ft . -ninausrJB rVMBT-M A\r VH| y^i^gf *AF^»A^fcfc:X^\.- BEjfc .-* TKBETTfe^^^T^^mWH %'. "t§ ■ ^^^Bl PKsl '"•^Si* ■ ■ML t^ ^^Itefct.... ^#* ' |V ^ -' 1 Fig. 1. — Lateral view (natural size) of head of type-specimen of Basiliscus barbouri. Fig. 2. — Dorsal view (natural size) of head of type-specimen of Basiliscus barbouri. (End of crest blocked out. ) Rvthven — Description of a New Basiliscus from Colombia, 11 spots on the base (also remnants of cross bars). A dull yellow stripe Erom above the ear to the anal region, well defined on the neck, more obscure but distinguishable on the body; a broad white band from the maxillary protuberances to the lore limb. Tail dark in-own basally, this color encroaching broadly and irregularly on the paler crest, distal ly with alternating bands of pale olive and dark In-own. Head brownish olive, this color extending upon the base of the crest; lobe of crest pale olive with broad reticulations of dark brown and a dark brown tip. A pale hand from the superciliary region to above the ear, just indicated. Lower eyelid whitish. Lower surface of body and limbs dull white more or less suffused with gray; chin, throat and breast white with blackish hands. Measurements. — Total length, 697 mm.; head length, 52.3 mm.; head width, 33 mm. ; length of head crest,* 58 mm.; greatest height of dorsal crest, t 45 mm.; greatest height of tail crest, 32 mm.; head and body length, lit.") mm.; length of fore limb, 78 mm. ; length of hind limb, 181 mm. ; length of tail, 502 mm. Notes mi paratypes. — In partly grown males the head crest has a form similar to that of the adults, i. c, it is not expanded and erect in the vertical plane, but more or less ribbon-like and dependent on the neck. The form of the crest differs somewhat, however, in the different speci- mens, in that the posterior margin of the base may he continued back- ward for a greater or less extent, thus reducing the relative length of the free tip. In a specimen with a body length of 117 mm. the crest is indi- cated by a broad lobe folded on the occiput. In a specimen with a body length of L38 mm. the lobe is differentiated from the base by longer and wider scales and has a free tip, the whole lying on the dorsal surface of the neck, and this form is maintained in larger specimens, the crest either being carried slightly above the neck or lying Hat on one side or the top, and when it reaches some length it is often twisted. A low parietal ridge is present in specimens with a body length of 138 mm. and 144mm., hut in older individuals it is only represented by a short, low prominence, behind the pineal eye. In a skeleton the neural spines have the following development: Dor- sal spines 16, increasing in length from the spine on the last cervical vertebra, the twelfth the longest, the last four rapidly decreasing in size; the second to the sixth expanded (the third, fourth and fifth the most), the others slender, all strongly bent backward from the fourth; the spines of the last two lumbar vertebrae and the two pelvic vertebrae short and about equal in length, the first bent caudad. Caudal spines elongated from the first, lit in all, the tenth the longest, the last two minute. Remarks. — As previously stated, the writer can find no original descrip- tions that apply to this form, [n his diagnosis of the species of Basiliscus, Cope* gives as the characters of II. goodridgii (Gray), " one tassle-like head crest with small scales; more than one inteiorbital row; no longi- tudinal bands." This description of the head crest (but not the color) * Measured from anterior angle on the head t Measured along the spim % Jour. Acad. Nat. ScL, Phila., 1875, p. 125. 12 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. would seem to indicate that he had examined specimens of the Colombian form, but if so he was certainly in error in applying Gray's name, for the original description and figure of Lophosaura goodridgii were evidently based on a specimen with an expanded and erect crest. Local distribution. — The species is common along the immediate shores of lowland streams at the base of the Santa Marta Mountains, from Santa Marta to Fundacion, and in the mountains to an elevation of 2200 feet (Minca, San Lorenzo). It was not found above Minca, and while it doubtless follows some of the larger streams of the Sierra Nevada to a higher altitude, it quite certainly does not occur on San Lorenzo above 3500 feet. Vol. XXVII, pp. 13-18 February 2, 1914 PPxOCEEDINGS HI I'M E BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TEN NEW .MARMOTS FROM NORTH AMERICA. I'.Y ARTHUR H. HOWELL. A study of the marmots or woodchucks of North America, based chiefly on the collections of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, has revealed a surprisingly large number of unrec- ognized races, and examination of a large amount of material Finn i practically all parts of the range of the genus has served to show clearly that the three groups represented in North America are practically three species, the forms in each group, with the exception of two isolated species in the caligata group, being all subspecifically related to one another. Thus the tin vive nft r group (which includes engelhardti and dacota) ranges from the Cascades of Oregon and the Sierra Nevada of California to the Black Hills of South Dakota, and consists of a single species divisible into 9 or more races connected by almost per- fect series of intergrades. Since the publication of the results of this study may neces- sarily he delayed for some time, it is deemed advisable to publish here preliminary descriptions of the new forms. Marmota monax rufescens subsp. now EUFESCENT WOODCHTJCK . Type from Elk River, Minnesota. Adult male, No. 186,521. U. S. National Museum (Merriam Collection, Xo. f rff) ; April 9, L886, V. Bailey; original number, 237. Characters. — Similar to M. m. monax (from Maryland and Virginia), but colors much redder, both above and below, the underfur on back pinkish cinnamon instead of light bull'; skull similar to that of monax, but decidedly smaller and relatively broader across the zygomata; much larger than that of canadensis. i— I'koc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 191 1. < 13) 14 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Measurements. — Average of five adult males from Minnesota: Total length, 548; tail vertebrae, 14a; hind foot, 83. Skull: Adult male (type): Condylo-basal length, 87.2; zygomatic breath, 64.7; breadth of rostrum, 18.7. Remarks. — The range of this form includes the southern parts of Min- nesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, and Ontario, and the greater part of New York State. The animal is intermediate in size between monax and canadensis and differs from both in color and cranial characters. Marmota monax preblorum* subsp. nov. NEW ENGLAND WOODCHUCK. Type from Wilmington, Mass. Adult male, No. 78,360, U. S. National Museum (Biological Survey Collection); April lit, 1896, A. E. Preble: original number, 127. Characters. — Size medium (smaller than rufescens, larger than cana- densis); colors pale (redder than monax, but red not so dark as in canadensis or rufescens); skull smaller and relatively narrower than that of rufescens, especially the rostrum and inter-orbital region. Measurements. — Adult male (type): Total length, 560; tail vertebrae, 149; hind foot, 80. Skull (type) : Condylo-basal length, 85.3; zygomatic breadth, 57.4; breadth of rostrum, 18.5. Remarks. — The woodchuck of southern New England is noticeably smaller and paler than rufescens, and larger and paler beneath than canadensis. Its skull is much larger than that of canadensis. It ranges from Connecticut north to Rutland, Vermont and Ossipee, New Hamp- shire, and probably farther, but material is lacking from northern New England to determine its exact limits. Marmota flaviventer parvula snbsp. nov. NEVADA MARMOT. Type from Jefferson, Nye Co., Nevada (in Toquima Range, about 10 miles north of Belmont). Adult female, No. 93,(590, U. S. National Mu- seum (Biological Survey Collection); June :!, 1898, V. Bailey; original number, 6495. Characters. — Similar to M. f. avara, but smaller, and colors darker; similar in color to flaviventer from the southern Sierra of California, but colors less reddish and npperparts overlaid with a buffy mantle; similar to engelhardti, but smaller, the npperparts more buffy and underfur paler; skull similar to that of avara, but decidedly smaller, with rostrum nar- rowed at the tip ; smaller than that of engelhardti with narrower and less inflated bullae. Measurements. — Adult female (type): Total length, 470; tail vertebrae, 130; hind foot, 70. Skull ( type) : Condylo-basal length, 71.3; zygomatic breadth, 49; breadth of rostrum, 17.4. Remarks. — This is the smallest of the subspecies of flaviventer and the * Named for Messrs. Edward A. and Alfred E. Preble. Howell — Ten New Manual* from North America. 15 smallest known form in the genus. It is known only from the Toyabe and Toquima Ranges but probably occurs, also, in other desert ranges in central Nevada. Marmota flaviventer nosophora* subsp. nov. GOLDEN-MANTLED MARMOT. Type from Willow Creek, 7 miles east of Oorvallis, Montana (altitude 4000 feel ). Adult female, No. 168,494, U. S. National Museum (Biologi- cal Survey Collection); April 8, l!»l(>, A. II. Howell; original number, 172:;. Characters. — Similar to M. f. dacota, but slightly smaller ; upperparts less extensively reddish and more mixed with black, the underfnr decid- edly paler; fore part of hack overlaid with a mantle of golden buff; skull averaging smaller, with relatively slenderer rostrum and much smaller palatal foramina. Measurements. — Adult female (type): Total length, 583; tail vertebrae, 170; hind foot, 75. Skull (type): Condylo-basal length, 79; zygomatic breadth, 53.2; breadth of rostrum, 17. Remarks. — This race occupies the northern Rocky Mountain region, from Flathead Lake, Montana, south to the Wahsatch Mountains, Utah, and east to the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming. It intergrades with avara at the northern end of its range, with dacota in Wyoming and probably with engelhardti and parvula in Utah and Nevada, respectively. Marmota flaviventer luteola subsp. nov. PARK MARMOT. Type from Woods P. (>., in Medicine Bow Mountains, Wyoming (alti- tude about 7500 feet). Adult male, No. ISO, 520, U. S. National Museum (Merriam Collection, No. HIM); August 13, 1888, V. Bailey; original number, 148. Characters. — Similar in color to dacota. and nosophora, but paler and less intensely ochraceous above and yellowish instead of deep red below. Compared with engelhardti: colors paler and more yellowish (less brown- ish). Skull similar to that of nosophora, but averaging slightly longer and narrower, with longer rostrum and smaller audita! bullae. Measurements. — Sub-adult male (type): Total length, (150; tail verte- brae, 182; hind foot, 90. Skull (old male from Mt. Lincoln, Colorado): Condylo-basal length, 92.5; zygomatic breadth, 50.4; breadth of ros- trum, 20.8. Remarks. — This subspecies occupies the mountains of northern Colo- rado and southeastern Wyoming (from the Laramie Mountains south to Park County, Colorado), intergrading with dacota on the north and with warn ni on the south. * In allusion to the Fact Unit the animal aids in the spread of Rocky Mountain spotted fryer, through serving as a host for the fever ticks. 16 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . Marmota flaviventer warreni* subsp. nov. WARREN'S MARMOT. Type from Crested Butte, Colorado. Adult female, No. 202,937, IT. S. National Museum (Biological Survey Collection); July 11, 1902, E. R. Warren; original number, 35 (10,639, X catalogue). Characters. — Size large (equalling flaviventer or dacola); colors deep red with very little buff (much darker than luteola); skull larger than that of dacola, with longer, slenderer rostrum and narrower palatal foramina. Measurements. — Adult female (type) : Total length, 565; tail vertebrae, 131; hind foot, 82. Skull (type) : Condylo-basal length, 89.3; zygomatic breadth, 59; breadth of rostrum, 20.;'). Remarks. — This race is the reddest of the forms of flaviventer. It is apparently confined to western Colorado, but the limits of its range are not definitely known. It intergrades with luteola on the north and with obscnra on the south. It differs markedly, both in size and color, from engelhardti, but material from eastern Utah will very likely show that these two forms are connected by intergrades. Specimens have been examined from Crested Butte, Mud Spirits (Garfield Co. ), Cochetopa Pass, and Sapinero. Marmota flaviventer obscura subsp. nov. DUSKY MARMOT. Type from Wheeler Peak, 5 miles south of Twining, New Mexico (alti- tude 11,300 feet). Adult, female, No. 133,505, U. S. National Museum (Biological Survey Collection ) ; July 24, 1904, V. Bailey, original num- ber, 8181. Characters. — Size large (exceeding dacola and equalling flaviventer) ; sexes about the same size; tail long; colors dark brown mixed with white, with little of the buff or tawny shades of the related races; face usually without white markings; skull similar to that of dacota (that of male about same size, of female larger) with narrower palatal foramina. Measurements. — Average of .'! adult males from New Mexico: Total length, 055; tail vertebrae, 204; hind foot, 00.7; average of four adult female- from same localities: 040; 100; SO.:;. Skull: Adult female (type): Condylo-basal length, 84.5; zygomatic breadth, 50.4; breadth of rostrum, 22.3. Remarks. — This is the darkest and one of the largest of the races of flaviventer. It occupies the upper slopes of the higher peaks, chiefly above timber line, in northern New Mexico and southern Colorado, from the Pecos River Mountains north to the Sangre de Christo and San Juan Ranges, Colorado. Intergradation with warreni is indicated by an inter- mediate specimen from Florida, Colorado. * Named for Mr. Edward R. Warren, whose extensive collection of Colorado mar- mots has aided materially in clearing up the relationships of the group. Howell — Ten Xew Marmot* from North America. 17 Marmota caligata cascadensis subsp. nov. CASCADE HOARY MARMOT. Type from Mt. Rainier, Washington (altitude 6000 feet). Adult female, No. 90,134, U. S. National Museum (Biological Survey Collection); August 11. 1897, W. K. Fisher; original number, 422. Characters. — Size large (equalling olympus and " sibila,"* larger than caligata)', color similar to thai of caligata, bul head and feel usually browner and underparts darker; skull similar to that of sibila, but relatively broader across zygomata and inter-orbital region; decidedly larger than that of cither caligata or okanagana.i Measun unnls. — Adult female (type): Total length, 740; tail vertebrae, 230; hind foot, 107. Skull: Adult male from Cascade River (near head), Washington: Condylo-basal length, 106.2; zygomatic breadth, 69.8; breadth of rostrum, 24. o. Remarks. — The Cascade Marmot differs from the Olympic Marmot in being much whiter, and in skull characters; from okanagana, of the Sel- kirk and Gold Ranges and sibila of northern British Columbia in whiter and browner (less hlack) coloration above; and from caligata in much larger size. It ranges from .Mount Rainier, Washington, north to the Mount Baker Range, British Columbia. Marmota caligata nivaria subsp. nov. MONTANA HOARY MARMOT. Type from mountains near Upper St. Mary's Lake, Montana (altitude about 6100 feet). Adult female, No. 72,236, U. S. National Museum (Biological Survey Collection); May 27, 1895, A. H. Howell; original number, 2:!. Characters. — Similar in size and skull characters to sibila, hut colors much whiter, both above and below; skull closely similar to that of sibila, possibly averaging a little shorter; compared with cascadensis the premaxillse are broader. Measureynents. — Average of 4 adult females from type locality: Total length, 7">1 ; tail vertebrae, 224; hind foot, 105. Skull: Average of 4 adult females from same locality: Condylo-basal length, 102; zygomatic breadth, 65.7; breadth of rostrum, 2l'>. Ilniiarks. — This form, although closely resembling sibila in skull char- acters, differs widely from it in color, heing, indeed, the whitest member of the group. In addition to the series from the type locality, specimens have been examined from the Bitterroot and Salmon River Mountains, Idaho. * Marmota sibila Hollister, smiths. Misc. ('(ill., vol. 56, No. 35, 1912, i>. 1; type locality. Moo-.- Pass, Alberta (not Arctomys sibila Wolf). i rctomys okanaganus King. Narr. Journ. to Shores of the Arctic ' Icean, II, 1836, p. type locality : The region occupied by the Okanagan Indians, " on the borders of the Rocky Mountains * * * between the Columbia and Fraser Rivers "—hereby fixed in the Gold Range, British Columbia. 18 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Marmota caligata sheldoni * subsp. nov. MONTAGUE ISLAND MARMOT. Type from Montague Island, Alaska. Adult male, No. 137,319, U. S. National Museum (Biological Survey Collection); May 24, 1905, Charles Sheldon; original number, 12. (5401, X catalogue.) Characters. — Similar to catigata, but size smaller; skull with shorter nasals and narrower premaxilhe. Measurements. — Adult male topotype: Total length, 070; tail vertebrae, 185; hind foot, 94; adult female topotype: 040; ISO; 90. Sbull.-^Adult male (type): Condylo-basal length, 89.5; zygomatic breadth, 01.5; breadth of rostrum, 20.5. Remarks. — This race is confined to Montague Island and differs from the mainland form in size only. * Named for Mr. Charles Sheldon, in recognition of his valuable contributions to our knowledge of Alaska mammals. Vol. XXVII, pp. 19-22 February 2, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW MOLES OE THE GENUS SCALOPUS. BY HARTLEY II. T. JACKSON. While engaged in a monographic revision of North American Talpidae, based mainly upon the Biological Survey Collection, the writer has found several undescribed species and subspecies of Scalopas. Since the final paper on the group will not be published for some time, the following diagnoses are issued now : Scalopus aquaticus howelli subsp. nov.* Type, adult c?, skin and skull, No. 177,931, V. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection, from Autaugaville, Alabama; collected January 4, 1912, by L. S. Golsan. General characters. — Intermediate in size between Scalopus a. aquaticus and S. a. australis, usually paler than either; skull Hat, less angular than that of aquaticus; rostrum long and narrow. Color.— Type, in full winter pelage: back dark drab becoming huffy brown on nape and head, nose and wrists slightly tinged with ochraceous tawny; beneath similar to back but much tinged with tawny-olive. Measurements. — Type, measured in the flesh: total length, 152; tail vertebrae, 20; hind foot, 18. Skull of type: condylobasal length, :!2.0; greatest length, :V2.7; palatilar length, 13.1; breadth across mastoids, 17.1; interorbital constriction, 7.4; maxillary tooth row, 10.2; mandi- bular naolar-premolar row, 10. 1 . Remarks.— Scalopus a. howelli is in many respects an intermediate form between aquaticus and australis; it differs from each in cranial characters. Its geographic range extends from eastern North Carolina and South Carolina west across northern Georgia, central Alabama and southern Mississippi. Scalopus aquaticus machrinoides subsp. nov. Type, adult d\ skin and skull, No. 169,717, U. S. National .Museum, Biological Survey Collection, from Manhattan, Kansas; collected June 1, I'.i lo, by W. E. Berg. * Named for Arthur II. Howell, who has contributed much towards our knowledge of tli" mammals of the southern United State 5— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (19) 20 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. General characters. — Exceeded in size only by Scalopus a. machrinus, from which it differs also in its more grayish coloration with a greater tendency in full pelage towards a silvery sheen. Color. — In late winter pelage: upper parts ranging from bister to clove brown, becoming paler on face and wrists; underparts slightly paler than back, and usually showing more slate-color of base of hairs, washed ventrally with raw umber or mummy brown. Measurements. — Skull of type: condylobasal length, 37.1; greatest length, 37.7; palatilar length, 15.5; breadth across mastoids, 19.4; inter- orbital constriction, 8.0; maxillary tooth row, 12.1 ; mandibular molar- premolar row, 12.0. Remarks. — This is the mole of the humid region west of the Mississippi River and north of southern Missouri ; it is found as far west as eastern Kansas, and the mouth of the Sioux River, South Dakota. Its affinities, as have been intimated, are with machrinus, from which it can be easily separated by its smaller size and shorter skull. Scalopus aquaticus pulcher subsp. nov. Type, adult d\ skin and skull, No. 170,698, U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection, from Delight, Arkansas; collected January 20, 1911, by W. G. Savage. General characters. — Size about that of Scalopus a. aquaticus, hind foot larger; skull larger than that of aquaticus, Hatter, less swollen supra- orbital ly, wider interorbitally ; supraoccipital wider than in aquaticus; skull narrower through mastoids than that of machrinoides, with narrower rostrum and smaller teeth. Slightly larger than aereus; skull relatively wider interorbitally, through mastoids and through rostrum, flatter and more angular than that of aereus. Color. — Full winter pelage: back dark fuscous with many hairs tipped with pearl gray, giving in places a slightly frosted appearance; top of head mummy brown; nose cinnamon-brown ; underparts sepia, showing much blackish plumbeous of base of hairs. Measurements. — Type, measured in the flesh: total length. 1<>4; tail vertebrse, 25; hind foot, 22. Skull of type: condylobasal length, 35. 0; greatest length, 35.8; palatilar length, 14. (i; breadth across mastoids, 17.8; interorbital constriction, 7.7; maxillary tooth row, 11.1; mandi- bular molar-premolar row, 10. S. Remarks. — This mole is confined to the humid region of southwestern Arkansas, eastern Texas and western Louisiana, where it appears to be locally common. Scalopus aquaticus caryi subsp. nov.* Type, young adult d\ skin and skull, No. 116,799, U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection, from Neligh, Nebraska; collected September 18, 1901, by Merritt Cary. Original number 307. General characters. — Palest known member of the genus Scalopus ; in •Named for Merritt C'ury, formerly of the U. S. Biological survey. Jackson — New Moles of the Genits Scalopvs. 21 general characters most nearly like Scalopus a. intermedins, but much paler and lacking ochraceous suffusion on nose and wrists; slightly smaller than intermedins, with skull actually shorter and relatively broader through mastoids. Color. — In autumn pelage: hack light drab slightly tending towards avellaneous, becoming lighter on head and shading in some cases into ivory yellow on nose; underparts much the same color as back, more mixed with neutral gray and occasionally washed with Saccardo's umber or cinnamon-brown. Measurements. — Type, measured in the Mesh: total length, 160; tail vertebrae, 31.5; bind foot, 22. Skull of type: condylobasal length, 33.9; greatest length, 34.6; palatilar length, 14.2; breadth across mastoids, 17.9; interorbital constriction, S.2; maxillary tooth row, 11.1; mandi- bular molar-premolar row, 10.9. Remarks. — This form can be readily distinguished from all other moles with which it is likely to be confused by its pale color and lack of ochraceous suffusions. It appears to be the mole of the northern plains region from Kansas north to northern Nebraska, and from central Ne- braska west to eastern Colorado. Scalopus inflatus sp. nov. Type, young adult, sex unknown, skin and skull, No. 52,709, U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection, from State of Tamau- lipas, Mexico (45 miles from Brownsville, Texas); collected in 1S92 by Frank B. Armstrong. General characters. — Larger than Scalopus a. texanus, color less ochra- ceous; skull high and arched, with prelachrymal region much swollen; rostrum broad ; audital bullae high and well defined ; zygomata heavy ; posterior edge of lachrymal foramen meets zygomatum at nearly right angle; mandible heavy; outer groove in third upper premolar pro- nounced ; first lower premolar small and inconspicuous. Color. — Back between wood brown and drab, becoming ochraceous- buff on cheeks; underparts general tone of color much as on back but more mixed with mouse gray. Measurements. — Skull of type: palatilar length, 13.4; breadth across mastoids, 17.0; interorbital constriction, 7.1; maxillary tooth row, 11.1; mandibular molar-premolar row, 11.0. Remarks. — The description of this remarkable new mole is based upon a single specimen in the Biological Survey Collection, which has remained for several years with the skull inside the skin. When the skull was re- moved it showed many characters warranting its recognition as a distinct species. Unfortunately the specimen is imperfect; it lacks complete data, the pelage is rather ragged and perhaps faded ; the skull has the posterior section of the braincase hack of the parietals and hasioccipital broken away. Vol. XXVII, pp. 23-28 February 2, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF Til I. BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW SPECIES OF OPUNTrA. BY DAVID GRIFFITHS. This 6th installment* of critical studies in the genus Opuntia contains descriptions of new species studied in their natural habitat and under cultivation. The types, now in most cases at held stations in Texas and California, will in the future be deposited in the United States Department of Agriculture. Opuntia magna sp. nov. A tall open branched, large shrub, or small tree, 2 or 3 m. or mere high, ami quite symmetrically arborescent, having a distinct cylindrical axis which is undivided, and branching perfectly or imperfectly whorled at the apex of previous season's growth, the trunks 10 cm. or mere in diameter, strongly tubercular fur 5 or (i years, after that more or less smooth and dirty gray-brown ; joints cylindrical, MO cm. or more long and -t cm. in diameter, very strongly tubercular, the, tubercles being 15 nun. high and 4 to A% cm. long, upper and lower curvatures uniform, the whole surrounded by a depressed darkened line separating contiguous tubercles; areoles situated en upper slope of tubercles, white, lenticular, prominently glandular, turning dirty-gray-black in age, 8 mm. long, becoming obovate by formation of new white, glandular areolar tissue above; leaves 2 to :; cm. long, terete, subulate, cuspidate, backward curved, tinged with red at tip, 2)4 mm. in diameter at base: spicules yellow in a small scarcely protruding tuft in upper angle of areole, not visible in age; spine- reddish-brown with prominent rather gray sheathes on current season's growth, 0 to 15, the lower sloping down and 15 mm. long, the 2 lateral just above also sloping down and 10 to 12 mm. long, the others shorter ami more erect, spreading, not increasing much in length in age, but increasing in numbers to 30 or 40 on old trunks; flowers purple; fruit strictly annual, strongly tubercular, subglobose to hemispherical, deeply cupped at apex, MO to 35 mm. in diameter, bearing white areoles without visible glands, bearing a triangular tuft of yellow •Annvial Reports Mo. Hot. Oarcl. 19-22: 1908-1912, and M.f. K. 23: 1913. f.-PROC. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (23) 24 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. spicules, 1 mm. long and 1 to 3 long, delicate reddish-brown fugacious spines, 1 to 2 mm. in length and sheathed at their tips only, and 2 to 3 delicate, fugacious, shorter, lighter colored unsheathed bristles beside; seeds white, typical of the group, and 3 mm. in diameter. This species belongs to the Op. arborescens group. Tbe type is pre- served under my inventory No. 8152, which was grown from cuttings secured near Torreon, Mexico, September 24. 1905. Opuntia spinotecta sp. nov. An arborescent, divaricately branched, cylindrical jointed species, 2% m. high, witb trunks 10 to 12 cm. in diameter, commonly compactly, but in age openly branched, and having thick fusiform, tuberous roots; joints variable, but mostly 10 to 15 cm. long, but often 40 cm. in length, somewhat clavate, the tubercles 1 cm. high, with upper crest half the length of the lower and a darker green line surrounding the entire tubercle; areoles occupying upper crest of tubercles, broadly obovate, 3 to 4 mm. long, tawny, turning to dirty gray or black, but with new tawny wool appearing in upper part of areole for two years or more; leaves cylindrical, subulate, cuspidate, 1 cm. long; spicules white, not conspicuous on either joint or fruit; spines 3 to 6, mostly 4, the upper central the longest, about 3 cm. long and loosely sheathed, the lower lateral ones losing their sheathes early, flesh-colored or brown, with white papery sheathes; flowers purple; fruit obovate to subglobose, yellowish-green, persistent. The type bears my inventory No. 9859, collected at Durango, Mexico, September, 1909. The description was drawn mainly in the type locality. The plant has been in cultivation since the date of collection. Opuntia valida sp. nov. An erect to ascending, widely radiating branched species, with main limbs ascending or horizontal, and sometimes resting on edge under cul- tivation, but mostly erect to ascending in natural habitat, 1 m. in height and 2 m. in spread of branch; joints obovate, large, thick, glaucous, slightly blue-green, very broadly pointed or rounded above, commonly 25 by 32 cm. or again 25 by 27 cm., 1 joint on plants in cultivation, 30 by 42 cm. which is unusual; areoles very large, ovate, 8 mm. long on sides of joints and on edges subcircular, 9 to 11 mm. in diameter, at first brown, turning almost black, finally gray, the wool prominent, mostly elevated 1 or 2 mm. above surface of joint especially on the edges, spicules scattered, not numerous, from 2 mm. long on sides to 1 cm. long on edges of joints, commonly only about 25, increasing in age, but always scattered through entire areole, although at first appear- ing on its upper half, stout and faintly annular; spines bright deep reddish-brown at base, fading gradually to a semi-translucent bone-like tip, and in age becoming gray, flattened on upper side, faintly annular, sometimes slightly twisted, diverging in all directions, 2 to 5 strongly Griffiths — New Species of Opuntia. 25 diverging centrals, 2 to 6 cm. long and 2 to 5 weaker, very much shorter, recurved ones below; flowers yellow ; fruit reddish-purple. The type is preserved under my collection No. 9194, prepared from cultivated specimens at San Antonio, Texas, which were grown from cuttings secured in the vicinity of San Antonio, New Mexico, in L908. Opuntia brachyclada sp. nov. A low, caespitose species, seldom attaining a height of over L2 to 15 cm., in nature only aboul LO cm., but often forming dense masses 50 or more em. in diameter; joints exceedingly variable, slightly to decidedly flattened or at times almost perfectly terete, narrowly obovate to cylin- drical, 2h, by 10 cm. or often 20 by 130 mm. or even as low as 12 by 30 mm., sometimes one on top of the other and 2 or 3 joints high, but usually new joints appear a little below on outside of outer joints of the clump, glaucous, bluish-green, young joints reddish tinged; leaves small, conical, cuspidate, greenish red, about 2 mm. long; areoles subcircular, '■'> mm. in diameter, and 10 to 10 mm. apart, spicules light-brown, changing to a dirty brown, at first surrounded by a narrow gray zone of wool, which is later obliterated, the tuft, therefore, occupying the entire areole except the very narrow woo] zone, commonly 2 mm. in length, and numerous; spines absent; (lowers purple; fruit small, suhglobose, 1 to lhj cm. in diameter, yellow or with a blush of red on one side. The spicules are as described above in the type specimen, but they may range in color from dirty-yellow to deep brownish-red as is true of the entire group. The type is preserved under my collection No. 10,768, and occurs commonly in the mountain valleys above San Bernardino, California. Opuntia chaetocarpa sp. nov. A tall, arborescent, open branched species, 2 to 3 m. high, and hav- ing a spread of branch about the same dimensions, with us now about 1 m. high and fruiting sparingly after, being set from cuttings June 1, 1012; joints obovate, glossy-dark-green, smooth to the touch, raised, tubercular at areoles the first season, but nearly .smooth after that, meas- uring 14 by 27cm. for early spring joints, which are fruiting now; areoles small, oval to ovate or obovate, becoming snbcircular in age, at first 2 to 3 mm. long, later 2 to :! mm. in diameter, brown; leaves circular in sec- tion^, subulate, cuspidate, mostly slightly recurved, 3 to 4 mm. long, spicules at first scarcely visible, but at 1 year of age form a compact tuft, :t to 0 mm. long in upper part of areole, and increasing still further in age; spines white, at first single, erect, and about 2 cm. long, at 1 year of age, 2 or 3 divergent or erect, and 1 often 5 cm. long and others shorter, flattened, twisted; flowers greenish with tinge of red in bud, light yellow when opened, filaments greenish, style white with a scarcely noticeable tinge of red, stigma white, 0-parted ; ovary obovate with deep conical pit at apex, prominent tubercles and 1 to 2 spines in each upper areole; fruit red, pyriform, edible, but of small size. 26 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. The description was drawn in July, 1913, from specimens grown under cultivation, the descriptions made in the Held having been lost. The type hears my collection No. 9747, and was collected in the region of Oaxaca, Mexico, in August, 1909. Opuntia sanguinocula sp. nov. A low, hemispherical, or usually more flattened shrub, 25 to 40 cm. high, and spreading 1 meter or more, main anus resting on ground on edge or ascending and secondary ones erect from them; joints broadly to nar- rowly ohovate and sometimes nearly suhcircular, some of last year's 9 by 25 cm., others 8 by 10 cm., mature growth of this year 6 by 8 to 8 by 12 cm., slightly glaucous, gray-green, slightly raised at areoles for a couple of years; areoles ohovate, brown, l! mm. long, enlarging to suhcircular, and 3 to 4 mm. in diameter in age; leaves comparatively large, 12 mm. in length, subulate, cuspidate; spicules brown, turning dirty yellow, in a compact tuft in center of areole, completely surrounded by a zone of wool, 2 mm. long, in age tilling the areole entirely and becoming 3 to 4 mm. in length; spines white, 1 to 3, mostly 1 or 2, confined to upper and marginal areoles of the joint, erect, diverging or in age, the second especially sloping down, 15 to 25 mm. long, slightly flattened, twisted, with bone-like tips; flowers lemon yellow with bright deep red glossy centers, filaments yellow distally and greenish, proximally, stigma white, 6-parted, 6 to 7 cm. in diameter when fully opened; fruit light pinkish red, and at this place often persisting to second year and bleaching again to greenish yellow, always greenish within. The type is preserved under my inventory No. 9359, and was grown from plants secured near Taylor, Texas, in July, 1908. The description was drawn from cultivated plants at Chico, California, July, 1913. Opuntia riparia sp. nov. An erect, hemispherical, open branched shrub, 150 to 175 cm. high, and having a spread of 2 or more m. ; joints long, obovate, sharply to broadly rounded above, glaucous, about 15 by 23 cm.; areoles large, obovate on sides but suhcircular on edges of joints and often 8 mm. in diameter, brown, not raised; spicules 1 cm. long, in a spreading unequal tuft on edges and shorter on sides of joints, light brown; spines white, often but not always colored at very base, 2 to 3 cm. long, very stout, flattened, twisted, 2 to 3 on sides and 3 to <> on edges of joints, the upper central erect, the others spreading or sloping downward ; flowers yellow, deeper yellow within, filaments orange, style white, stigma very large, deep green, 10 to 11 parted, 10 cm. in diameter when fully opened; fruit red with purplish tinge. Frequent along upper foothills' courses of dry washes in the Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona. Collected April, 1908, and grown in cultivation since that date. Griffiths — New Species of Opuntia. 27 Opuntia rugosa sp. nov. A low, ascending, radiating, yellow-green species, 60 cm. or more high, with main branches resting on edge and radiating, and others erect from them, often having a spread of L50cm. or mure; joints obovate, broadly rounded above, about 11 by 14 cm., or again 14 by 23 cm., sharply rounded above, tubercular raised at areoles the first season, later becoming nearly smooth, but a little raised at 2 and :! years; areoles obovate, tawny-brown the lirst year, 5 by :>'.> nun., later becoming sub- circular, and 5 nun. in diameter, dirty gray, varying 2 to 4 cm. apart; leaves large, subulate, cuspidate, dull-light-reddish tipped, I cm. Ion-; spicules conspicuous, formidable, in a compact, unequal, triangu- lar, or crescentic area above, with a few scattering through remainder of areole, yellow; spines white, only accasionally slightly tinted at base, erect, diverging in all directions, at first 2 or 3 increasing to 4 or (>, 2 or ."> of which are central, long, large, flattened, twisted, sometimes becom- ing 6 cm. long, others 2 to .'! cm. long, and somewhat recurved ; flowers opening at noon, canary yellow, 7 to 8 cm. in diameter when fully opened, yellowish-green with a tinge of dull red in hud, petals obovate, cuneate, broadly rounded above, the outer row obtuse, wavy, or almost crenate, slightly eroded, slightly greenish within, filaments yellow, green- ish at base, style white, stigma deep dark-green, 8-parted; ovary clavate, :! by 6cm., tubercular, raised at the light-brown areoles, which are nearly tilled with yellow spicules, and long fugaceous spines, 1 cm. in length; fruit pyriform, reddish purple. The type is preserved under my inventory No. 10,364, and was secured originally near Pomona, California. Opuntia affinis sp. nov. A low, arborescent species, from 125 cm. high with us at 4 years of age to 2 m. or more in its natural habitat; joints obovate, 13 by 35 cm., broadly rounded above and gradually narrowed below, densely silky, villous to the touch, and villous nature plainly visible when viewed in proper light, slightly raised at areoles, the tubercles being surrounded by a sunken dark-green line; leaves small, subulate, pointed, scarcely 2 mm. in length; areole small, obovate, .'! mm. long, 25 to 30 mm. apart, white to gray; spicules light straw-colored, at first not conspicuous but rather in a connivent tuft, 3 mm. long; spines absent below and 1 to 5 in upper | of joint, straw-colored, becoming white the second year, the longest '■'> cm. and others much shorter, increasing in age in both length and numbers, at 3 years often 10 in number and some 6 cm. long, diver- gent, flattened, angular, twisted; flowers dull dark-red in bud, with stigma protruding the day before the petals spread, small, about :! cm. in diameter when opened, petals I'D to 25 nun. long, slightly, when at all, recurved, ribs of petals red and wings orange, filaments greenish below and pink above, style bright-glossy red, stigma dull-greenish-red, 4- parted, equaling the petals in length; ovary small, subglobose, deeply pitted, 15 to 17 mm. in diameter, with small subcircular to slightly 28 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. transversely elongated, dirty, brown areoles, 4 mm. apart; fruit small, subglobose, red. In some respects the species stands midway between the genera Nopalea and Opuntia. Occasionally the pistil is actually longer than the petals. The type is preserved under my inventory No. 9751, and was collected in the State of Oaxaca, Mexico. Opuntia confusa sp, nov. "Still later, while the page proof of this paper was in hand, Dr. Griffiths's publication of 0. arizonica was received, which proved to be an anticipation of another of my species. I accordingly here substitute Dr. Griffiths's name, allowing, however, my description to stand as already in type. " —Con tr. U. S. Nat. Herb., 12: 402. 1909. The facts appear to be as follows: (1) Opuntia arizonica Griffiths is from the highlands of northern Arizona, and has never been collected in the southern part of the State. (2) The plant referred to by Doctor Rose grows near Tucson, and so far as known, does not occur on the San Francisco Highland. (3) There is little in common between the two species except the mere arrangement of the spines. (4) It is an error to refer this Tumamoc Hill species to Opuntia arizonica. (5) To this Tumamoc Hill species, I apply the above name, the type of which is my inventory No. 10,441, and refer to the description associ- ated with the above reference. Several emendations, however, are neces- sary. The flowers are only 5 to 8 cm. in diameter. The spicules are not "caducous except on margins of joints." It is true that they are all easily separable, but more so on the edges than on the sides of the joints. The fact is that the spicules on the edges and sides of joints are radically different. In the latter situation, they are short and more closely aggre- gated, while in the former they measure a centimeter in length, are more scattered through the areole, and more easily separable. This is a characteristic of a very large group of southwestern species, if indeed it may not be said to be common enough in the fiat-jointed species to be considered a group characteristic. The fruit is short-pyriform to sub- globose, red, with abundant bloom which is largely lost at complete maturity, when the color becomes dark dull red. The color of the spines can not be called "bright red," but dark-red to reddish-brown. Vol. XXVII, pp. 29-42 March 20, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SOME UNDESCRIBED NORTH AMERICAN SAPROMY ZIDvE. BY J. R. MALLOCH. In working over the material belonging to the Sapromyzidre contained in the collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History I found a few species that are evidently unde- scribed, and herewith present descriptions of these forms, along with descriptions of those to which they are most closely allied. It is very probable that some of the species now described are represented in other collections, as the characters for their dif- ferentiation are very readily overlooked, and they may readily find a place along with examples of the old species unless care- fully examined. In the case of Lonchaea vibrissata there is met with an instance of an apparently aberrant form which, provided one considered the bristle as a vibrissa, can not be placed in its proper family by the synoptic keys in use for this group. I am not, however, prepared to consider the strong bristle as the vibrissa, as it docs not occupy the same position on the vibrissal angle as in the case of those species possessing true vibrissae. This species is in other respects a true Lonchaea and may conveniently be retained within the limits of that genus. I have to thank Dr. S. A. Forbes for permission to publish this paper, and Mr. W. L. McAtee of the Bureau of Bio- logical Survey for the opportunity of comparing his material with that in tbe collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. Unless otherwise stated types are in the latter collection. 7— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (29) 30 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Sapromyza similata sp. nov. and S. compedita Loew. S. similata may be characterized as follows: Male. — Yellow subopaque; only the second joint of hind tarsus and apices of the last three hind tarsal joints black. Wings with cross veins distinctly and broadly infuscated, a fuscous spot at end of marginal cell, which is generally connected with a spot below it on the third vein, and another spot of same color at apex at third vein, the spot on middle of last section of third vein is always separated from the spot enclosing the outer cross vein and distinctly nearer to the wing tip. The arista is very indistinctly pubescent; the uiesonotum lias 4 dorso- central bristles, the anterior one very weak, and situated just in front of suture; the forwardly-directed ventral appendages of the hypopygium have a very distinct rounded incision at about their middle which, when they lie together, presents a large rounded opening, and the hairs at apices of these organs are of irregular lengths, one of them being especially long ; the hind tarsus is elongated, the basal joint slender, the second joint flat- tened, but distinctly longer than broad, the apices of the next three joints distinctly over half as broad as the apex of the second (Fig. 4) ; hind tibia slightly thickened and without any noticeable ventral hairing; last sec- tion of fourth vein distinctly longer than the penultimate section (Fig. '_' ). Female. — Similar to the male in color and chaetotaxy. The hind tarsus has the second joint very little thickened. (Figs. 2, 4, and 17 illustrate similatfl. ) In Sapromi/za compedita Loew the male is similar in color and in the number of wing marks to the above, but the spots in marginal and sub- marginal cells are more distinctly coalescent and are almost invariably connected with the cloud on the posterior transverse vein. The arista is distinctly haired; the uiesonotum has normally only three pairs of dorsal-centrals, the anterior weak pair of similata being absent; the ventral organs of hypopygium have a much smaller internal excision, causing the opening, when they lie together, to be very small in compari- son with that in the previous species, and the apical hairs on those organs are less conspicuously irregular than in that species; the second joint of the hind tarsus is very much flattened, almost disc-like, and as broad as long, the apices of the remaining joints of hind tarsus are not nearly half as broad as apex of second (Fig. 5); hind tibia with several loose, soft hairs on the apical fourth of the ventral surface; last section of fourth vein equal to, or slightly shorter than, penultimate section. (Fig. 6.) Female. — Similar to male in color and chaetotaxy. The hind tibia is devoid of the ventral hairs, and the second joint of the hind tarsus is barely broader than the next joint. (Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate compedita Loew.) These species are very close to each other, but may be readily separated by the characters given in the above summary. I have before me nine specimens of similata from Algonquin, Illinois (Nason) ; one female (the type), St. Joseph, Illinois; one female, Quincy, Illinois, swept on sand bar, August 12, 1889 (C. A. Hart); one male, Michigan; one female, Merchantville, New Jersey; one female, swept Malloch — Somt Undescribed North American Sapromyzidse. •'>! from weeds, Normal, tllinois, June 3, 1884; and one female, Pond Grove, Urbana, Ellinois, June 13, L889 (('. A. Hart). Type in Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. Fourteen paratypes in collection of VV. L. McAfee from the following localities: Washington, D. ('., May, June, and July: Plummers Island, Maryland, July 21, and Asheville, North Carolina, June '_>(>. S. compt (liln is represented in the same collections by four specimens, three females and one male, from Illinois, and one specimen from Great Falls, Virginia, June 30, and another from Maryland, near Plummers Island, June 6. Sapromyza bispina Loew, et al. In the genus Sapromyza, as in most other genera, there are several species which are very inconspicuously marked, do not lend themselves readily to classification, and the characters for the differentiation of which are very minute or obscure. The earlier workers generally refrained from dealing with such species, or if they did notice them, it was either to associate them with previously described forms of similar general appear- ance, or else to describe them in such a vague manner that it is almosl impossible to decide just what species was before them unless by exami- nation of the type. It is to such an obscure section of Sapromyza that bispina Lw. belongs, and when engaged in identifying the material in the collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, I have had to separate the species belonging to this group from bispina Lw., and tenuispina Lw. In the belief that it may prove useful to workers on this genus I herewith present, with the description of some new species, a comparative table for their separation. The species included all have the wings unmarked, the cross veins alone being occasionally slightly blackened, though the membrane of the wing adjoining these veins is never infuscated. The face, mesonotum, pleurae, scutellum, abdomen, and legs are also without black marks, in the form either of spots, bands, or stripes. In making an examination of the wing for markings it is better to use a low power hand lens, as then there is no chance of mis- taking the blacker cross vein for the spot-like infuscation which is present Sapromyza (Minettia) nubila Melander. 1. Mesonotum in both sexes grayish on disc; cheeks without any hairs, 4 very strong dorso-centrals present; 2 rows of strong acrostichals ; arista short-haired; abdomen in both sexes shorter than thorax; in the cT distinctly tapering toward the apex, keel-shaped, its height as great as its breadth at base on dor- sum, in 9 broad to end of 6th segment, the 7th abruptly con- tracted, projecting cone-like, from the 6th; legs stout; mid tibia with 3-4 well developed apical spurs; hind femur in cJ1 with 3-4 in 9 with two bristles at apical third <>n antero-ventral surface; hind tibia normal harti, new species. 32 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Mesonotum yellow in both sexes, very rarely with a slightly grayish or brownish tinge in 9 '< cheek generally with microscopic hairs on margin ; abdomen not, or slightly tapering, never keel-shaped in c? ; in 9 the abdomen tapers gradually to apex of the 7th segment, not suddenly constricted ; legs normal 2 2. Hind tibia of <3" with distinct, moderately long, soft hairs, on at least the basal third of the antero-ventral surface 3 Hind tibia without such hairs 5 .">. Hind tibia ciliated on almost its entire length; prolongation of last ventral abdominal segment short ... cilifera, new species. Ciliation of hind tibia confined to basal half 4 4. Last dorsal abdominal segment with numerous, black setulae, which form a noticeable group on lateral margin at apex ; pro- cess on last ventral segment short scticatida, new species. Last dorsal segment without the conspicuous group of setulae; ventral process long bispina Lw. 5. Male with the 6th dorsal segment of abdomen very much longer than 5th inacqualis, new species. Male with 5th and 6th abdominal segments subequal 6 (I. Male with a row of moderately long hairs on the postero-ventral surface of hind femur; ventral abdominal process very long and slender tenuispina Lw. No long hairs on postero-ventral surface of hind femur aequalis, new species. I have not included in the table the females of several of the species as I have but the male of aequalis, and the others present but few characters that would permit of their tabulation. If the absence of the preapical bristle from the hind femur is a constant character, as I believe it to be, in inaequalis it should be easy for one to recognize the female of this species, but the others are very closely allied and are very difficult to sepa- rate without the presence of males. Sapromyza harti sp. nov. ( Figs. 3, 7, 8, and 14. ) Male. — Subopaque, yellow, thorax including pleurae, with a grayish or brownish tinge and distinct grayish pollinosity. Abdomen sometimes brownish dorsally. Legs entirely yellow. Wings clear, veins yellow, the outer cross vein slightly more distinct than the others. All parts of the head, except arista, yellow ; arista brown. Halteres yellow. All bristles black. Frons slightly buccate, almost one-half the head width ; all frontal bristles strong ; post- vertical pair widely separated ; about equal in length to the anterior orbital pair; profile of head as shown in Fig. 3; arista pubescent; cheeks bare. Mesonotum with 4 pairs of very strong dorsal- centrals, the anterior hardly weaker than the prescutellar pair; 2 rows of short but strong acrostichals present, disc of scutellum bare; pleural bristles normal, very strong, the usual hairs very sparse and indistinct Malloch — Some Undescribed North American Sapromyzidse. 33 on mesopleura ami sternopleura. Abdomen shorter than thorax, dis- tinctly tapering posteriorly an joints of fore pair, and apical '2 joints of middle and hind pairs browned. Squamae whitish yellow, fringe concolorous. Halteres entirely black. Wings clear, veins yel- lowish brown. Malloch — Some Undescribed North American Sapromyzidee. 39 Frons distinctly narrowed anteriorly, at its narrowest pari about one- seventli the width of head; frontal hairs neither long nor numerous; antennae reaching to epistome, third joint almost para I lei -sided, the apex slightly rounded, its length about 2% times its greatest width; apical dorsal bristle on second joint distinct and rather long, its length equal to breadth of third antenna! joint; cheek linear, the marginal bristles rather numerous, upturned anteriorly, and arranged in an irregular row ; palpi slightly broadened, with scattered hairs <>n surface. The mesono- tinn has the bristling as in polita but the hairs on disc are very closely placed and their length is about equal to that of the dorsal hair on second antenna] joint or slightly longer. Abdomen very short and broad, not exceeding in length that of the thorax, broad to apex of fourth segment, the tilth rather abruptly tapering; surface of all segments with numerous hairs; the ventral, protuberant portions of the hypopygium are yellowish. Legs rather strong; fore femora with strong ventral bristles, mid femora more weakly bristled, the bristles strongest on the postero-ventral sur- faces; hind femora hare on both the antero- and postero-ventral surfaces, all legs with short surface hairs. Outer cross vein of wing slightly waved ; third vein at its apex slightly upcurved; otherwise the wing venation is similar to that of polita. Length, 5 mm. LocaUti/. — Plummers Island, Maryland, April 21, 1912 ( W. L. McAtee), one specimen. This species differs from polita Say, which it most closely resembles, in having the hind femora hare on the antero-ventral surface, except for some very short setulae at near apex ; the broader third antenna! joint; the slightly sinuous outer cross vein and the more robust build of the insect over all. There are '2 females in the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History collection which I consider belong to this species. These differ from the male only in having the eyes much more widely separated, at the anterior, or lower margin; the width of frons is about equal to two-thirds that of either eye at same part; the base and almost the entire under surface of third antennal joint isyellowish ; and the wings are distinctly yellowish, with all the veins deep yellow. The type specimens of winnernanae and nudifemorata are in the collec- tion (if \V. L. McAtee and the allotypes are in the collection of the Illi- nois State Laboratory of Natural History. Lonchaea albiceps sp. nov. Female. — (flossy Mack, with hut slight indications of a bluish tinge, except on the frons which is distinctly bluish when viewed from above and behind. The face and its sides, when viewed from above, with very dis- tinct white pollinosity; antennae black, arista concolorous ; proboscis and palpi black. Legs black, basal tarsal joint on all legs yellowish, the re- mainder of tarsi blackened. Squamae black-brown, fringe concolorous. Halteres black. Wings very slightly grayish, veins yellowish brown. Frons one-third as wide as head, slightly wider at above antennae than 40 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. at vertex; orbits not differentiated from centra] stripe at any part, the single orbital bristle rather weak, and but little anterior to the transverse line of the anterior ocellus; surface of frons almost bare, a short, uniserial row of hairs on lower part of frons close to eye margin; at middle of frons, in type specimen, tbere is a transverse depression, which is carried down to some extent on either side, giving the frons a rather distinct concavity; lunule rather small, arched ; face broad, the eye margins sloping away very rapidly, so that at the lower margin of eye the face is twice as broad as at lower margin of frons; antennae short, falling but little short of epistome, third joint slightly longer than broad, rounded at apex, arista bare, slightly swollen, and geniculated at base, its length equal to anterior width of frons, cheek about one-fourth the height of eye, margin with short hairs, and a distinct bristle very similar to that which occurs in vibrissata, palpi slightly spatulate. Mesonotum witli the discal hairs comparatively rather short and sparse, the anterior pair of dorso-centrals much reduced in size; scutelluni with the basal pair of bristles placed well back from the lateral margins, no hairs on scutelluni besides the bristles. The ovipositer ends in an acute point, without the preapical constriction as in polita Say. Fore and mid femora with bristles on the ventral surfaces, which are not very strong, the hind pair without bristles; tarsi not particularly thickened. Last section of vein 4 about \\ times as long as penultimate section ; inner cross vein at beyond end of auxiliary vein; outer cross vein slightly waved ; last sections of veins •'! and 4 slightly convergent. Length, 2.75 mm. (exclusive of ovipositor). Locality.— Washington, D. C, May 29, 1912 ( W. L. McAtee). One specimen. Type in collection of W. L. McAtee. This may be the species Melander lists in his paper on the family* as parvicomis Zett., but I consider that it is not identical with the Euro- pean form and even if I were mistaken as to this the name parvicomis is not tenable, so that the name here given will have to be adopted for our American species. Lonchaea quadrisetosa sp. nov. Female. — ( rlossy black. Frons slightly shining; orbits to just below the orbital bristle, and the ocellar region glossy; antennae brown-black, arista concolorous; face and lunule viewed from above with whitish pol- linosity; palpi and proboscis black. Mesonotum, scutelluni and pleurae glossy black. Abdomen glossy black, without distinct pollinosity. Legs glossy black, the tarsi opaque, brown black, but not at any part yellow. Squamae and their fringes dee)) brown. Halteres black. Wings slightly smoky, veins brown. All hairs ami bristles black. Frons parallel-sided, one-third the width of head, surface covered with distinct sparsely scattered hairs; orbital bristle strong; bristle on dorsal surface at apex of second antennal joint as long as breadth of third joint, hair-like; third joint about 1}4 times as long as broad, reaching, three-fourths * Psyche, Vol. 20,1913, p. 57. Wash XXVII, 1914. Plate ■j Explanation Fig. l. Lonchaea vibrissata, head of female. Fig. J. Sapromyza similata, wing. Fig. 3. harti, head. Fig. 4. similala, hind tarsus. Fig. 5. ' compedita, hind tarsus. Fin. 6. compt dita, \\ ing. Fig. 7. //<;///. abdomen of female. Fig. - harti, abdomen of male. Fig. 9. seticauda, abdomen of male. Fig. lo. tenuispina, last ventral seg- ment of male aMomen. i of Plate II. Fig. 11 . Sapromyza bispina. last ventral segment of male abdomen. Pig. 12. seticauda, wing. Fig. 13. seticauda, hind tibia of male. Fig. 1 1. harti, hind femur of male. Pig. 13. cilijera, hind tibia of male. Fig. 16. inaequali8, head of female. Fig. it. similata, head of male. Fig. is. Lonchaea winnemanae, antenna ui male. Fig. 19. nudifemorata, antenna of male. Malloch — Some Undescribed North American Saprom.yzidse. 11 tlic length to mouth margin; arista distinctly longer than anterior width of frons, very shortly pubescent ; lace short, the upper margin of basal joint of antenna at middle of profile; lace twice as wide at lower margin of eye as at base of antennae, the eye margins sloping back very abruptly; cheek with a row of bristles beginning near eye margin poste- riorly and running diagonally downward to anterior angle, the last -I bristles very strong, cheek glossy at base <>f bristles; below the level of this row of bristles there are numerous short hairs and several stronger bristles; palpi normal. Mesonotum rather long haired on disc; pleural bristles very strong; scutellum hare except for 4 subequal marginal bristles. Abdomen broadly ovate; ovipositor in type specimen not exserted far enough to show its structure, hut the apex is sharp. Legs Strong; lore and mid femora with rather strong ventral bristles, the hind pair without strong bristles. Last section of fourth vein about 1 ':{ times as long as penultimate section; outer cross vein slightly sinuate ; inner cross vein at below end of first vein ; last sections of veins 3 and 4 slightly convergent. Length, 3.5 mm. Localit;/. — Hummers Island, Maryland. August 11, 1912 (W. L. McAtee). This species is most closely allied to deufschi Zetterstedt, but that species is but slightly shining, and the abdomen opaque black, through the presence of distinct pollinosity. The cheek in deutschi is also said to he linear and no mention is made by Becker of the presence of strong bristles which are a feature in the present species. Melander records deiitxclii from Alaska and Washington. I have not seen American ex- amples of the latter. Type in collection of W. L. McAtee. Vol. XXVII, pp. 43-54 March 20, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF Till BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON FOUR NEW BIRDS FROM NEWFOUNDLAND. BY HARRY .C. OBERHOLSER. In a collection of birds made recently in Newfoundland by Dr. L. C. Sanford there are specimens of four apparently undescribed subspecies. This collection, which Dr. Sanford has very kindly permitted the writer to examine, contains also such interesting Newfoundland birds as Cyanocitta cristata (Fox Island River, July 1, 1912; and Harry's River, June 30, 1913); Oporornis Philadelphia (Fox Island River, June 17, 1912, and July 10, 1912); and Penthestes atricapillus atricapillus (Harry's River, June 27, 1913, and June 30, 1913). The new birds are of considerable interest, and indicate that we know as yet com- paratively little concerning the Newfoundland avifauna. The endemic forms of Newfoundland, so far as known, show, as might, of course, be expected, decided affinities to their Labra- dor representatives. The present new birds are, by courtesy of Doctor Sanford, described below. All measurements are in millimeters. The names of colors are from Mr. R. Ridgway's recently published "Color Standards and Color Nomenclature." Dryobates pubescens microleucus subsp. nov. Chars, subsp. — Similar to Dryobates pubescens medianus, but tail de- cidedly longer; superior wing-coverts with fewer and smaller white spots ; wing-quills with smaller white spots; lower surface usually more smoky brownish; and white dorsal stripe with often black spots or short streaks. Description.— Type, adult female, collection of Dr. L. C. Sanford; Fox Island River, June 29, 1012; Dr. L. C. Sanford. Upper parts, in- cluding wings, -ides of head, and sides of neck, mostly black, the primaries somewhat brownish; abroad nuchal band scarlet vermilion ; and a broad superciliary stripe, a broad subocular and subauricular stripe, which, &— Pboc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 191 1. (43) 44 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. prolonged, almost encircles the hind neck, a broad dorsal stripe (inter- rupted, however, by spots and streaks of black), a snbterminal roundish spot on each of the greater and median (not on lesser) wing-coverts, several pairs of roundish spots on each wing-quill, all white ; nasal plumes brownish white; two middle pairs of tail-feathers black; the next pair black but terminal third white ; remaining pairs mostly white barred with brownish black ; lower surface light smoke gray, a little paler on throat and crissum, the latter somewhat spotted with dull black ; lining of wing dull white, a little varied with black ; edge of wing black. Measurements. — Male:* Wing, 91.3-97 (average, 93.8) mm.; tail, 59- 65(60.7); exposed culmen, 13.5-16.7 (15.1); tarsus, 14.8-16.5(15.8); middle (i. e., outer anterior) toe, 10. Female:t Wing, 9:5-96 (94.:!); tail, 61-63 (62); exposed culmen, 14.8- 15.5(15.1); tarsus, 15.7-16.5 (16.1); middle (i. e., outer anterior) toe, 10-10.5 (10.2). Geographical distribution. — Newfoundland. Remarks. — Itis rather surprising to find a form of this species geographi- cally so near Dryobates pubescens nelsoni, and yet so different from it, even more so than is Dryobates pubescens medianus. For this new downy wood- pecker differs markedly from Dryobates pubescens nelsoni in its smaller size, smoky under surface, less heavily black-barred outer rectrices, often black- spotted or black-streaked white dorsal stripe ; smaller white markings on the wing-quills, and smaller, fewer white spots on the superior wing- coverts. In this last character Dryobates pubescens microleucus approaches Dryobates pubescens homorus and the other western races of the species, and bears interesting correspondence to the Newfoundland race of Dryo- bates villosus, Dryobates villosus terraenovae , which differs from the other eastern forms of that species in the same way, and likewise thus resembles the western subspecies Dryobates villosus leucothorectis and others. All the specimens examined are included in the appended table of measure- ments. We have seen none except from Newfoundland. * Six specimens, from Newfoundland. t Three specimens, from Newfoundland. Oberholsei — Four Neio Birds from Newfoundland. 15 5 5 ?"• J. ^ 1 -_ - DC 2 5 IIS. lO co >~ IC X X ~ :o cc IC ■-T i« -f IC - — ^H *— ' i— 1 1 — 1 1— 1 - _ . - - IC >c l> : - -- -r IC CO ~~z :r IC X 3 r ' w« _• >C 1^ t£ o iC — o ~ o " — — OS ;* v - 1£ -r — -r - i_ i. DC DO /. 'i in -m ■M a; t- S- - < < — ti CO 1) 1-5 ^ — a> — !zi > •_ 0J fc o D A ort B OJ a> CJ ca o P5 h-1 >5 « ci o 25 K X _2 I— l o o •- Tl — a, •" CC 1 1 >c IC — CM ri * — j* — ~ 7 I gn •-=. -— p< S -"■ ^ 03 • DC 7 fc fc X X DC DC — • -1 rQ 'b 'd "b % % 7. 1— * o c _ ' w B4H tfH "-•— is J2 9 ^ 03 .J—j fc £ £ £ In" CD 03 W 03 'A >• r^ ** JO °x tl _2 s Eh OS 3» 'O 'O T 1- S- S- COO DC o DC b DC ^ H •-a *-= DC 5S DC o o o o ^-H ^ ^ P 03 ^* > t" m C4 1— rvv _j ^— ^ ^ C C3 uS C6 03 m j. 1— 1 (— i hH X X X 0 o o tH tq ta O CM- o lO ~l •M o o o o 1- >o — 'T - ■^ CO 1—1 IC X 1— 1 —1 i — i 1 — 1 I— 1 1—1 CO g t-i co oi Tl ; i ■M ^^ 1— t ■-I i—l -" cu IC CM CD il 46 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Bubo virginianus neochorus subsp. nov. Chars, subsp. — Similar to Bubo virginianus heterocnemis, but smaller, excepting the bill; upper parts lighter, the dark ground color less deep and more broken, the light markings more numerous; lower parts with rather less of dark color; feet and legs less heavily mottled with dark brown. Description. — Type, adult female, collection of Dr. L. C. Sanford; Fox Island River, Newfoundland, July 8, 1912; Dr. L. C. Sanford. Upper surface fuscous, much mottled, wrmieulated and irregularly barred with brownish white, and on the subterminal portions of the feathers, mostly concealed, with ochraceous buff and light ochraceous butt'; "horns" fnscons black, laterally marked with irregular areas of buffy white and ochraceous; superior wing-coverts and tertials like the upper parts ; wing- quills sepia, the outer webs with broad, broken and mottled bars of brownish white or buffy, the inner webs with the same kind of bars on their terminal portions, only more faintly indicated, and basally becom- ing ochraceous buff on the inner portions of the webs; middle rectrices fuscous, the rest sepia, all with mottlings and broken bars of brownish white, pale brown, buff or pale ochraceous buff; extreme forehead, nasal plumes, and supraloral streak white, much mixed with fuscous and fus- cous black; facial disk mixed dull grayish white, ochraceous, buff, blackish, and fuscous, and bordered behind by a black band which joins the black horns; sides of neck grayish white, much mottled, streaked, spotted, and barred with fuscous, and on the subterminal portions of the feathers with ochraceous buff; chin and throat white, separated from each other by a hand of fuscous the feathers of which have such broad ochraceous, ochraceous buff, and buff margins that the general appear- ance is light ; breast ochraceous burl', with blotches, bars and mottlings of fuscous and white; remainder of lower surface white or buffy, laterally with much of ochraceous buff, and everywhere conspicuously barred with fuscous; tibiae ochraceous, tarsi ochraceous buff, both somewhat mottled and irregularly barred with fuscous, the toes buff, almost immaculate ; lining of wing ochraceous buff, much mottled and irregularly barred with fus- cous and whitish. Measurements.— Male:* Wing, 345 mm.; tail, '-'19; exposed culmen, 37.5; culmen from cere, 28; tarsus, 62. Female:t Wing, 370-371 (average, 370.3) mm.; tail, 218-227 (148.3); exposed culmen, 39-45(41.5); culmen from cere, 28-33 (30.3); tarsus, (12-70 (67.3). Geographical distribution. — Newfoundland and Nova Scotia. Remarks.— This new form is apparently a very distinct race, differing from Bubo virginianus heterocnemis much more decidedly than does that form from Bubo virginianus saturatus. Although its small general size, lighter ground color of the upper parts, and reduced dark markings below, *One specimen, immature though apparently lull grown. t Three specimens, two from Newfoundland, and one from Nova Scotia. One of tin* former is immature but seemingly of full size. Oberholsci — Four New Birds from Newfoutidland. 17 particularly on the legs and feet, arc an indication of vergence Inward Huh,) virginianus virginianus, its general appearance is strikingly different from that of the latter race, for it is a grayish instead of a rufescenl bird. From Bubo virginianus virginianus it may accordingly be readily distin- guished by its lighter upper surface, the ground color of which is more grayish brown, the'whitish -and pale grayish markings more numerous, and the ochraceous areas lighter, less rufescent — ochraceous buff or bun instead of ochraceous or cinnamon rufous; facial disk and all of lower parts much more grayish and paler in general appearance, the ochraceous portions much lighter, and bully or ochraceous huff, rather than ochra- ceous or cinnamon rufous. Also its bill is larger, though the other dimensions seem to be the same. The material of this new form examined consists of three specimens from Newfoundland and one from Nova Scotia. Two of the former are immature birds, but with almost all of their adult feathering, and in size practically full grown. These two immature birds are identical in colora- tion with the adult from Newfoundland, though they are even less rufes- cent on the ochraceous areas, particularly on the legs and feet. Nor does the single adult example from Truro, Nova Scotia, differ in any essential particular from the Newfoundland birds, save that it is somewhat more rufescent on the ochraceous portions of the plumage, and has paler, nearly immaculate feet. It is evidently of the same race, and indicates that the range of Bubo virginianus neochorus extends to Nova Scotia. It is en- tirely possible also that birds from the neighboring areas of New Bruns- wick and northern New England, where occur many grayish individuals which we have heretofore referred to a supposed dark grayish phase of Bubo virginianus rirginianus,* belong to the present new race. Such birds should, therefore, now undoubtedly be carefully compared with the present new form. * Cf. Oberholser, Proc. I", s. Nat. Mus., XXVII, 1904, t>. 1*9. 48 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, © 53 s © S 03 g 'o 03 a, X o 7- ■** a o g in 53 05 03 3-- c 5 W - I OS CC I- it o 73 d _C3 - c I— 1 03 tZ3 >» 73 CC +3 75 fe -d * •- tc z^ X< •1 — 1 - J. "b • 3 . « cS ^ s- - * 6-° o 5 p c * ^ 73 :/ X O '^ — r^> J 1 o i~ 1^ — l~ ■-£ — ' X o o CO JM * * I. 03 03 71 OS 73 X. iO X 73 X X co P*3 (2 3 5 ►"5 1-5 1. 0/ ^ -g 13 X 73 ^ fc > 73 >-a fc 73 1— I X O — y. ■+J O o3 5 * >■ *" ■ . . O o o J,* s- s- o ~ o *M *4-l 73 73 73 X X X It *» 1 - CI ? 1 X tl X :t 1- © 370 o c Eh be "a3 03 i. 03 ex C5 Si 03 B ~ '- u a - H Oberholsei — Four New Birds from. Newfoundland. I!) Perisoreus canadensis sanfordi subsp. nov. Char*, subsp. — Similar to Perisoreus canadensis nigricapillus, bul even smaller; and the lower surface inueh paler, the crissum whitish. Description. — Type, adult male, collection of Dr. L. ('. Sanford; Fox Island River, Newfoundland, June 28, 1912; Dr. L. C. Sanford. Fore- head, sinciput, lores, and a nearly complete cervical collar, brownish white; occiput, hinder part of crown, postocular region, and orbital ring, blackish brown; remainder of upper surface, including wings and tail, dark neutral gray, the wing-coverts rather darker and more brown- ish, and the rectrices broadly, the wing-quills more narrowly, tipped with pale brownish or brownish white; sides of head and neck, with chin and throat, brownish or grayish white ; rest of lower parts rather light mouse gray, paling to pallid mouse gray on jugulum and crissum ; lining of wing mouse gray. Measurements. — .Male:* Wing, 138-138.5 (average, 138.3) mm.; tail, 142; exposed culmen, 20.5; tarsus, 35-35.5 (35.3); middle toe, 16.5- 16.8 (IB. 7). Female:! Wing, 135-135.5 (135.3); tail, 135; exposed culmen, 20; tarsus. 35.5-35.8 (35.7); middle toe, 17-17.3 (17.2). Geographical distribution. — Newfoundland ami Nova Scotia. Remarks. — This subspecies presents, in a way, a combination of the characters of Perisoreus canadensis nigricapillus and Perisoreus canaden- sis canadensis, but is noticeably different from either, though nearer to the former. Compared with the latter, it is much smaller; darker on the upper surface; and has the dusky hood more blackish, reaching far- ther forward, thus covering more of the crown, and more broadly sur- rounding the eyes. There is some variation in the color of the breast and upper abdomen, one specimen being very light gray, much paler than the others, which are fairly uniform in this respect; though the type is somewhat the darkest. A single specimen in the United States National Museum from Nova Scotia is much like these Newfoundland birds. This new race is named for Dr. L. 0. Sanford, through whose kindness it is here described. In view of the successive division of Perisoreus canadensis into sub- species, it becomes advisable to restrict the typical form to a definite area. The original description of the species* was based entirely on Brisson's " ( Jeay brun de Canada — (iarrulus canadensis fuscus,"§ which was doubtless obtained in what was formerly the French portion of Canada; and we therefore designate the city of Quebec as the type locality. * Two specimens, from Newfoundland. fTwo specimens, from Newfoundland. t [Corvus] canadensis Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1766, I, p. 15H (Canada). SOrnith., II, 1760, p. 54 (Canada). 50 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washwgt dii , i 00 K - « e o w 53 g "3 03 & X C 03 s 03 m 73 .2 . X *c i~ IS ° -^ -^.* .«» i— t T— « us. W cc /. lO iC it' c« cc JC CC H — _• a - »c IC iT o - — M d o d ^ 'X TI •M •M H o •■— ci r i S3 •+ -f ^~ — i i^ CO & CO ■A V. ■— < cc »*. 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'JZ. 73 X X X d O -s ; ^^ o ^ Oberholsei — Four New Birds from Newfoundland. 51 Pinicola enucleator eschatosus subsp. nov. < 'Inns, subsp. — Resembling Pinicola enucleator leucura, from the mainland of northeastern North America, but decidedly smaller; male darker and duller above and below, on both the red and gray areas; female darker on upper and lower parts, the yellowish areas more purely yellow, less tinged with orange. 1 1, scription. — Type, adult female, collection of Dr. L. C. Sanford ; Harry's River, Newfoundland, July 1, 1913; Dr. L. G. Sanford. Back and scapu- lars dark gray, between mouse gray and deep mouse gray, the feathers with narrow paler edges; crown and cervix orange-citrine, the feathers with dark brownish gray centers; rum]) and upper tail-coverts gray like the hack hut lighter, the leathers of the former slightly, those of the latter broadly, tipped with aniline yellow ; rectrices and wings deep fuscous, the former narrowly margined on exterior webs with deep neutral gray, the lesser superior wing-coverts narrowly margined with orange-citrine, the greater and median coverts broadly tipped with white, this forming two conspicuous winy-hands; the wing-quills paler on inner margins, anil narrowly edged on external wehs with pale brownish or brownish white; subocular region pale olive gray; rest of sides of head between mouse gray and olive gray, more or less washed, particularly on the auriculars, witli orange-citrine; lower surface gray in tone, between mouse gray and light mouse gray, paler, almost whitish on middle of abdomen, somewhat more brownish on crissum, and washed with orange-citrine on throat and breast; lining of wing like the crissum, hut somewhat washed with orange-citrine. Measurements. — Male:* Wing, 112-116 (average, 113.5) mm.; tail, 88-93 (90.7); exposed culmen, 14-15 (14.4); tarsus, 21.5-23.8 (22.7); middle toe, L6.5. Female:* Wing, 104-106 (105.3); tail, 84-92 (86.9); exposed cul- men, 13.8-14 (13.9); tarsus, 20.8-23.5(24.8); middle toe, 1-5-16.5 (15.5). Geographical distribution. — Newfoundland; south in winter to Massa- chusetts. Remarks. — The differences separating this new race from Pinicola enucleator leucura are much the same as those distinguishing the New- foundland Ln.ria curvirostra percnai from Loxia curvirostra minor, and the cases are interestingly parallel. The characters of Pinicola enucleator eschatosus are very constant in the series examined, and they seem to indicate an excellent race. Individual variation is about the same as in the other subspecies of Pinicola enucleator. An immature male in first autumn plumage (No. 202,569, U. S. N. M.), from Locke's Cove, New- foundland, taken February 2(1, 1906, differs from specimens of Pinicola enucleator leucura in the same stage by reason of the darker, more grayish -hade of the upper surface, slightly darker lower parts, and the somewhat -mailer size. Size is, however, not an entirely reliable character for the ♦Three specimens, from Newfoundland. 4 Four specimens, from Newfoundland. t Loxia curvirostra pt rena Bent, Smithson. Misc. Coll., Vol. 60, No. 15, December 12, L912, p. 1 (Flat Hay River, Newfoundland). •52 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. determination of birds in immature plumage, since such individuals are frequently much smaller than adults. The dark grayish upper surface seems, however, to be a reasonably certain means of identification. An example of Pinicola enucleator eschatosus in juvenal plumage, from Newfoundland, differs from the juvenal stage of Pinicola enucleator leucura in its more grayish upper surface; the more greenish, less orange tint of the yellowish wash on the same area, particularly pileum, rump, and upper tail-coverts; darker, more grayish wings and tail; darker, more brownish wing-bars; and more grayish sides of head and lower parts. A single immature male, No. 162,314, U. S. Nat. Mus., taken at Pon- kapog, Massachusetts, January 22, 1S!):'>, by Mr. J. H.Bowles, is referable to Pinicola enucleator eschatosus, and indicates that this form is to be looked for all along the coast region of northeastern North America, from at least southern Xew England north to Newfoundland. Actual comparisons of the present new form have been made with specimens of Pinicola enucleator leucura chiefly from Fort Chimo, Un- gava, in extreme northern Quebec, but the latter is the common bird of all northeastern North America, excepting, of course, Newfoundland. It was originally described by Muller as Loxia leucura,* and based on Buffon, with " Canada" as the type region. This, as Cassin has shown, i is in- tended to refer to Buffon's ( i. e., d'Aubenton's) plate of the " Cros-Bec, du Canada ";+ and also doubtless to his original description of the " Dur- bec" or "(iros-bec de Canada. "§ Both description and plate are un- doubtedly of the Pine grosbeak. Since the original of Buffon's description and d'Aubenton's plate came probably from the French portion of Canada, and since in view of the subspecific separation of the Newfoundland bird, it is desirable to restrict Pinicola enucleator leucura to a definite area, we designate the city of Quebec as the type locality, a place where it undoubtedly occurs at least in winter. * Limit1 Vollstand. Natursyst., Suppl. & Register Band, 177(i, p. 150 (Canada). t Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, p. 252. jD'Aubenton, Planch. Enlum. d'Hist. Nat., No. 135, fig. 1. § Buffon, ilist. Nat. des Oiseaux, III, 1775, pp. 457-458. Oberholser—Four New Birds from Newfoundland. 53 •- s 1 .x 0 "J 1C so • O IT iT S / X CO 'T 1- CO ri CO .-' ^H Tl - o-i •M 7 1 r i — — _' 7 1 •m -t-_ ia ■* -r- IC -t-' -t-' k 3 i~ ' ^~" i — 1 1 — 1 ^H w - id t". 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S g 03 fa lO lO - 01 _^ 1 1 -h -- 01 01 Ol 01 Ol CI 01 iO ?- iO 1 co -- -t -t- iO -f -h i — i ■o — i- '— — — 4i 1 3/ S i S-, fc. SL, £ S-. r- r- r- H r^ —."_;—' — fa ^-, r-. r-% ^-. p* fa fa fa fa fa -f -f 01 01 cc x x x x x X X X X X ?-H < — ^H i — 1 i — i co" cT fa ^3 31 — 01 CI —I T-* a = H- m- "1 D o o o o 1) O* 0) > > > > 73 73 r3 73 73 be bt cc bt i) -' - fa fa fa fa o o o o 73 Of ■^HH CO 0 1 Ol •-0 - °" s" c o X I- CD O CD X g P^ r-. r-. «—. ^ x ^ 'A *A i. i. r. /. f. fa fa fa fa fa oo 1- 01 ~ 1 l~ 01 oi X - 35 — ~ 33 '0 i-O >0 I- X 01 JO 1^ 01 01 o I— 1 I— I T— 1 1 — ' rH iH ~~ ~— 1 — — — 03 03 be si Vol. XXVII, pp. 55-56 March 20, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF I II I BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW MOLES OF THE GENUS SCAPANUS. BY HARTLEY H. T. JACKSON. A continuation of my studies upon North American Talpidge, for the U. S. Biological Survey, has shown that in order to properly elucidate the relationships of the forms of the genus Scapanus it is necessary to describe two new subspecies, diagno- ses of which follow: Scapanus latimanus sericatus subsp. now Type, adult 9 , skin and skull, No. 100,548, U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection, from Yosemite, Mariposa County, California; collects! August 20, 1901, by W. K. Fisher. Original number, 2227. General characters. — Smaller than S. I. latimanus, darker and more grayish in fresh pelage; larger and darker than occultus or minusculus ; claws, especially of fore feet, longer and more slender than those of *S'. I. latimanus; skull relatively long, narrow, and hat. Color. — Type, mostly in worn and faded summer pelage, fresh pelage appearing on the abdomen and flanks: upper parts -lossy olive-brown;* under parts slightly paler than back; fresh pelage on abdomen dark mouse gray. Measurements. — Type, measured in the flesh: Total length, 165; tail vertebrae, 36 ; hind foot, 21. Skull of type: Condylobasal length, 33.7; greatest length, :!4.:i; palatilar length, 13.3; breadth across mastoids, 16.2; interorbital constriction, 7.1'; maxillary tooth row, L1.0; mandi- bular molar-premolar row, 10.4. Remarks. — S. 1. sericatus seems to lie confined, to the Yosemite region. It is intermediate in size between S. I. latimanus and S. I. occultus, in fresh pelage is darker than either, ami has a relatively narrower skull. •colors here used are those of Robert Ridgway in " Color Standards and Nomen- clature," L912. 9— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (55) 56 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Scapanus latimanus grinnelli subsp. nov.* Type, adult d\ skin and skull, No. 17,785, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, from Independence (altitude, 3,900 feet), Inyo County, California; collected May 8, 1912, by H. A. Carr. General characters. — Size small; slightly larger than S. I. occultus or S. I. minusculus, smaller than S. I. sericatus ; color dark; skull short and high, broad interorbitally and through mastoids; rostrum short and wide. Color. — Type, in worn and somewhat faded winter pelage: Upperparts between fuscous and fuscous-black; ventral parts slightly more grayish, stained on throat and chest with Dresden brown. Measurements. — Type, measured in the flesh: Total length, 156; tail vertebra1, :il ; hind foot, 21. Skull of type: Condylobasal length, 32.8; greatest length, 3:!.0; palatilar length, 13.1; breadth across mas- toids, 17.0; interorbital constriction, 7.8; maxillary tooth row, 10.4; mandibular molar-premolar row, 10.0. Remarks. — This subspecies is apparently the darkest form of the lati- manus group. It is known only from the type locality and only two specimens have been examined; the characters in these two, except for a supernumerary maxillary premolar in the topotype, are remarkably uniform. * Named for Dr. Joseph Grinnell in recognition of his valuable studies upon the Pacific coast fauna, and who has kindly granted me the privilege of describing this fi irm from the collection of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California. Vol. XXVII, pp. 57-60 March 20, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON FOUR NEW NEOTROPICAL RODENTS. BY X. HOLLISTER. I Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] Among the mammals from Middle and South America in the collection of the United States National Museum are speci- mens of four hitherto undescribed rodents. Proechimys rubellus sp. nov. Type from Angostura Y.alley, Costa Rica. Adult [c?]; collected by JoseC. Zeledon. U. S. National Museum No. HHh skin and skull. Characters. — Like Proechimys centralis and P. c. chiriquinus , but gen- eral coloration much more reddish, less dusky, with less mixture of grayish- and yellowish-buff and more bright hazel on cheeks and sides, and with little blackish suffusion in color of upperparts. Tail shorter. Skull as in Proechimys centralis. Measurements of type (from dry skin).— Head and body, 250 mm.; tail, 130; hind foot, .55. Skull and teeth: Greatest length of skull, 64.7; condylobasal length, 52.3; nasals, 24.3; upper tooth row, alveoli, 9.2; mandible, 33.0; mandibular tooth row, 9.7. Remarks. — While Nicaraguan specimens of Proechimys centralis centralis and topotypes of Proechimys centralis chiriquinus scarcely differ from each other in color, the Angostura Valley skins are sharply differentiated from each by their bright reddish-brown coloration. The superficial resem- blance to Proechimys mincie of Colombia -is pronounced, but the new- form is even more reddish in color and has a much shorter tail. Three specimens from the type locality are in the collection. Myocastor coypus santacruzse subsp. nov. Type from north hank of Rio Salado, near Los Palmares, Santa Cruz, Argentina. Adult [c?]; collected by W. Frakes. U. S. National .Mus- eum (Biological Survey Collection) No. 96513, skin and skull. Characters. — Larger and lighter colored than Myocastor coypus coypus of Chile; like Myocastor bonariensis (Geoffroy) from the Parana River, but lighter and more reddish brown, the long overlying hairs less bully, 10— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.. Vol. XXVII, 1914, (57) 58 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . more ochraceous. Skull like that <>!' bonariensis, but larger, with pos- terior border of palate, as in true coypus, sharply /\-shape [in bonari- ensis broadly rounded concave, with no sharp angle] . Upper molariforrn teetli increasing conspicuously in size from first backward, the last with nearly twice the crown area of first [in coypus and bonariensis in same state of wear the cheek teetli are much more uniform in size]. Measurements of type (from dry skin ). — Head and body, 740 mm. ; tail, 415; hind foot, with claws, 1:57. Skull: Greatest length, 122.5; condylo- basal length, 113; zygomatic breadth, 74.1); length of nasals, 46.8; least interorbital breadth, 31.6; mandible, 108.5. Teeth: Upper molar- premolar row, alveoli, 29.8; pm-ml, 11.8; rnr-m?, 18; lower tooth row, alveoli, 33.9; pm-m1, 13.5; m2-m3, 20.4. Remarks. — Three races of Myocastor coypus are represented in the National Museum collections: coypus from Chile and Straits of Magellan, (Port Churruca; BorjaBay); bonariensis from Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, ami Paraguay, Parana River; and santacruzss from Rio Xegros and Rio Salado, Patagonia. Lagostomus maximus petilidens subsp. nov. Type from S miles north of Carmen de Patagones, Argentina. Adult [cT] skull (basal suture entirely closed); collected by Dr. Ales Hrdlicka, 1910. U. S. National Museum No. 172,801. Characters. — Skull of same essential size as in Lagostomus maximus maximus, but with the incisors very much smaller, slender and weak; cheek teeth averaging smaller; audita! bullae short and rounded; presphenoid much narrower and more tapering; opening of posterior nares much reduced, the post palatal space more sharply /\-shape, less rounded; angle of jaw much smaller, lighter and more sharply tapering. Measurements of type skull and teetli,. — Greatest length of skull, 126 mm.; condylobasal length, ]]7; zygomatic breadth, 75.4; length of nasals, 52.0; length of mandible, to angle, 100.:!: upper cheek teetli, alveoli, 27.2; mandibular tooth row, 27.8; total breadth of upper in- cisors at middle, 11.1 (1:18)*; depth of incisor, 5.5 (6.9). Remarks. — This form is based on a series of fifty skulls collected by Doctor Hrdlicka at various points from Necochea south to Rio Negro. Compared with skulls of true Lagostomus maximus from Buenos Aires, San Luis, and southern Paraguay, the conspicuously smaller, more slender, incisor teeth at once distinguish the southern form. Hydrochoerus hydrochseris notialis subsp. nov. Type from Paraguay. Old adult c? , skin and skeleton, U. S. National Museum No. 154,186. Received at National Zoological Park January t>, 1909, from N. Ruffin ; died June 25, 1909. * Measurements in parentheses from skull of an adult male Lagostomus maximus mil. i- iin us from Buenos Aires. TTollister — Four Neiv Neotropical Rodevts. 59 Characters. — Skull less heavily built than in Hydrochcerus hydrochieris hydrochseris from Surinam ; maxillary arm of zygoma much more slender, less massive ; occiput shortened, actually and relatively much less elon- gated; presphenoid narrow and tapering anteriorly; lachrymal hone, lateral aspect, much higher than wide, extending far downward to sharp point [in hydrochseris wider than high and not sharply pointed on lower side] ; jaw much lighter, lower posteriorly, and with inferior surface of angle much flattened ; symphysis shorter; superior notch long and shallow [in hydrochieris shorter, much deeper, and more rounded]. Upper in- cisors smaller than in hydrochieris; cheek teeth smaller, the last upper molar especially much narrower; m ' with double anterior lobe, ten trans- verse enamel plates [in hydrochseris nine] and posterior hooked lobe. Measurements of type skull, compared with a very slightly older skull from Surinam (U. S. X. M. 13007), measurements of latter in paren- theses: Greatest length, 237 (252); condylobasal length, 225 (228); zygo- matic breadth, L26 (14:!); palatal length, 145 (150); coronal suture to occipital crest, 57 ((ill); height of lachrymal, 37.5 (21). Teeth: Single upper incisor at middle, 8.8x11.6 (9.7 X 12.2); maxillary tooth row, alveoli, 75.8 (79.8); greatest breadth of ms, 13.6 ( 16). Remarks. — This form is based on four specimens from Paraguay, all of which agree in the presence of the characters given above to distin- guish the southern animal from the capybara of Surinam. The differ- ences between skulls from the two regions are so pronounced, that were it not for two skulls in the collection from Brazil, which certainly show some intermediate characters, the specific distinctness of the two forms would never be questioned. Vol. XXVII, pp. 61-62 March 20, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW DELPHINIUM FROM UTAH. BY IVAR TIDESTROM. The new species described in this paper has hitherto been referred to the northwestern species D. stachydeum, first col- lected by Cusick in the Blue Mountains, Oregon. Delphinium abietorum sp. nov. Perennis e radice profunda crassa: caules metrales vel altiores, deorsum glabri, sursum pubescentes: folia inferiora ad basin fere f>-partita, longe petiolata, lobia cnneatis amplis incisis vel Iobulatis; caulina simpliciora, 3-5-partita: inflorescentia e basi ad partem median) ramosa vel simplici- ter racemosa, plus minusve dense albido-pubescens, bracteis linearibus, bracteolis binis oppositis, racemis dense multifloris: flores coerulei vel violacei ; calcar sepala superans, cnrvatum, 1.5cm. longum ; sepalaoblonga lit calcar extus puhcsccntia : petala superiora albida vel pallide coemlea; inferiora coemlea vel violacea: carpella ternaalbido-pubescentia; matnra fere en -eta, 1.5 cm. longa, puhcsccntia. Fl. Aug. [Alt. 2700 m.] . Type in the U. S. National Herbarium [Coville and Tidestrom No. 19], collected August 22, L908, in a draw near the watershed of the .Muddy (reck and Gunnison River, Utah, at an elevation of 270O m. Typical flowering and fruiting specimens were also collected on the western slope of the Wasatch Mountains east of .Mount 1'leasant at an altitude of i'7n<> m. [Tin. 1870]. It has been observed on Mount Nebo associated with Rudbe.ckia occidentalis at an elevation of 22O0 m. or in the Aspen belt. At the latter elevation its flowering season appears to he 2 weeks earlier than in its natural habitat among the firs. The species has the habit and stature of Delphinium Barbeyi [D. scopu- larum suhal/rinum Gray], from which it is readily distinguished by its pubescence and color of the flowers. D. Barbeyi has a pubescence of yellowish stiff hairs and the new species is somewhat silky puberulent. The flowers of D. Barbeyi are generally dark blue with an occasional grading into cream-white or pink. D. abietorum is often associated with I>. Barbeyi. It is distinguished from another related species — D. glaucum by its pubescent carpels and from />. stachydeum [D. scopulorum var. stachydeum Gray] by its leaves. The leaves of the latter are laciniate in the manner of ]>. scopulorum of New Mexico, the lobes being linear or nearly so. In our species the leaves have nearly the same form as in J). Barbeyi. 11— PROC. BIOL. SOC. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914, (CI) Vol. XXVII, pp. 63-68 March 20, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF Til E BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE NEW RACCOONS FROM THE MEXICAN BOUNDARY REGION. BY EDGAR A. MEARNS. [Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] On reviewing the material of the genus Procyon collected by the author on the Mexican Boundary Line and comparing it with that in the United States National Museum, three appa- rently new forms have been distinguished, which are described below. Procyon lotor fuscipes subsp. now BROWN-FOOTED RACCOON. Type-specimen. — Adult male, Cat. No. (io055, U. 8. Nat. Mus. ; col- lected on Las Moras Creek, at Fort Clark, Kinney County, Texas (alti- tude 30S meters or 1011 feet), February (i, 1893, by Edgar A. Mearns. ( ( triginal number, 2273. ) Characters. — Largest of the raccoons; in color closely resembling Pro- cyon lotor lotor ( Linnnaeus), but usually with six instead of five distinct blackish tail rings; feet dark brown instead of whitish; white on con- vexity of car occupying only the apical half instead of nearly all of the (inter surface; blackish mask expanded so as to cover all of the face and extending from the nasal pad well upon the forehead in the median line; skull elongate, compressed postorbitally, with slender lengthened rostrum; bony palate narrow, with lateral rows of teeth nearly parallel; interpterygoid notch narrow and deep; audital bullae long and flattened externally. Color (based on adult male type). — Upperparts from nape to tail, palt- gray, everywhere darkened by black tips to the long hairs, but darkest in the vertebral area posteriorly; nape washed with rust color, of which a slight trace is carried backward across the interscapular region, where, however, it is much less distinct than in Procyon lotor lotor; black mask solid and continuous across the lace and along the side of the head to a point below the ear and also extending forward as a median band to the naked nasal pad and backward to the grizzled black crown; area border- 12— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, L914. (63) 64 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. ing the hlaek mask posteriorly, grizzled, not white; sides of muzzle and lower lip white; ear white on apical half of outer surface, black, slightly grizzled, on basal half, with a blackish band, about eighty-five milimeters in length, extending along the base of the ear and well behind it at the side of the neck ; fore and hind limbs, including feet, fuscous with some admixture of grayish; tail with a black tip and six blackish rings, which become obsolete proximally on the under side; upper throat benzo brown; overhair of remaining underparts grayish white, the drab underfur every- where visible between the scanty long hairs; underfur of npperparts fus- cous; whiskers mostly white, some of the short anterior ones blackish drab, and a few of the longer ones tipped with the same. External measurements of the type (old male; measured fresh by the author). — Total length, 000 mm.; tail vertebrae, 290; ear above crown, 58; hind foot, with claw, 132; longest whisker, 95; longest hairs on dorsum, 50. Cranial and dental measurements of type, compared with measurements of largest adult male in a series of one hundred specimens of Procyon lotor lotor,* the latter in parentheses. — Condylobasal length, 125 (122); zygomatic breadth, 85 (SO); breadth of braincase, 57 (56); postorbital constriction, 22 (25); interorbital constriction, 27 (25); rostral breadth over canines, 29 (30.5); least rostral breadth, 28 (28); from posterior border of middle incisor to interpterygoid notch, 72 (75); from the last point to the foramen magnum, 43 (38); length of interpterygoid notch, 17 (15); posterior breadth of interpterygoid notch, 18 ( — ); distance between anterior premolars, across palate, 19 (21); distance between posterior premolars, 20 (23); distance between posterior molars, 21 (26); length of audital bulla, 22.5 (20); length of mandible, 93 (91); length of upper lateral tooth row, including canine, 48 (46); combined length of upper molars, measured on crowns, 15 (15) ; length of upper incisor tooth row, measured on alveoli, 17 (16.5); length of lower lateral tooth row, including canine, alveoli, 54 (53) ; combined length of lower molars, meas- ured on crowns, 21 (20); lower incisor tooth row, measured on alveoli, 13 (12). Geographical range. — Devils River to Matamoras, south to San Luis Potosi. Remarks. — A raccoon, very doubtfully from Texas and from no definite locality, was described by Gray as Procyon nivea (Charlesw. Mag. N. H., 1, 1837, p. 580) ; lint several forms of Procyon inhabit Texas, and, Gray's type of nivea being an albino, its identification is impossible. Procyon lotor ochraceus subsp. nov. SONOYTA RACCOON. Type-specimen. — Male, subadult (skull with sutures remaining open, but all of permanent teeth in place), Cat. No. 59900, U. S. Nat. Mus. ; col- lected on the Sonoyta River near Quitobaquita, at Monument No. 172, 678 kilometers (421 miles) west of tin- Rio Grande and 1S1 kilometers *Cat. N'ii. 187926, U. s. National Museum; Elk River, Minnesota ; from Merriam col- lection. Mearns — DescriptioTis of Thru New Raccoons. 65 CI 13 miles) cast of the Colorado River, altitude :'><>*> meters (1181 feet), Sonora, Mexico, February 7, 1894, by Edgar A. Mearns. ( < Original number, •jit:;:. » Characters. — skull and teeth indistinguishable from those of Procyon lotor mexicanus (Baird)* of similar age; color paler, more ochraceous, and with less black than in any other known form of Procyon; pelage ex- tremely long and soft. Coh>r i based on the male type in winter coat ). — Upperparts, from nape to tail, strongly tinged with hull'; longest hairs narrowly tipped with drab- brown on thoracic region and sides, with much broader tips of brownish black in median lumbar and lower thoracic regions; underfur of dorsum light mouse gray at base, shading to mouse gray apically; face mask of the usual pattern, cinnamon-drab on upper side of muzzle, deepening to fuscous around and below eye, then paling to benzo brown on side of face posteriorly; sides ofmuzzLe and its under surface white, this color extend- ing broadly around angle of mouth and occupying the whole of the lower jaw; crown whitish anteriorly, next to the dark face mask, rapidly deep- ening to pallid purplish gray posteriorly, with the dense underfur drab; ears ami whiskers entirely pure white; no blackish area on side of crown at base of ear; fore and bind limbs soiled, slightly yellowish, gray exter- nally, grayish white internally; hands and feet clayey white; long over- hair ofunderparts and inner surface of limits grayish white, and so sparse that the light drab underfur everywhere shows through, imparting the general color to the underparts; tail yellowish white above, with five rings, of mixed brownish and yellowish long hairs, which become obsolete on the under surface; underfur of tail very pale drab above, and whitish drah below; underfur on throat light cinnamon-drab ; naked parts of feet purplish black ; claws horn color, or brownish on median upper surface. Measurements of type (external measurements taken from the fresh speci- men by the author). — Total length, 750 mm., tail vertebrae, 310; pencil, 55; ear from crown, 47; manus, including claw, 90 ; pes, including claw, 115; longest whisker, 113 ; longest hairs on dorsum, 78. Skull and teeth : condylobasal length, 108; zygomatic breadth, 73; breadth of braincase, 54; postorbital constriction, 27; interorbital constriction, 23.5; rostral breadth over canines, 2<> ; least rostral breadth, 24.5; from posterior border of middle incisor to interpterygoid notch, 65; from last point to foramen magnum, 34; length of interpterygoid notch, 14; posterior breadth of interpterygoid notch, 11.5; distance between anterior premo- lars, across palate, alveoli, 20; between posterior premolars, 20.5; between posterior molars, 22.5; length of audita! bulla, 18; length of mandible, 80-5 ; length of upper lateral tooth row, including canine, alveoli, 43; com- bined length of upper molars, measured on crowns, 15; upper incisor tooth row, alveoli, 14.5; lower lateral tooth row, including canine, alveoli, 49; length of lower molars, crowns, 20. 'Procyon hemandezii, var. mexicana, St. Hilaire, Voyage de la Venus, Zoologie, I, L855, 2.".. i>l. vl ( Mn/athin I. 66 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . Procyon lotor californicus subsp. now SOUTHWESTERN RACCOON. Type-specimen.. — Adult female, Cat. No. 60675, U. S. Nat. Mus.; col- lected on the ocean beach near the last Mexican Boundary monument (No. 258), San Diego County, in the southwestern corner of California, July 16, 1894, by Frank Navier Holzner. (Original number, 1005.) Characters. — Most closely related to Procyon lotor psora (Gray) from Sacramento, California, differing in its slightly smaller size and consider- ably paler coloration, with the overhair of underparts whitish instead of pale yellow; skull narrower, with the audita! bullae much compressed laterally. Color (based on adult male, Cat, No. |-f|ff, U. S. Nat. Mus., taken at National City, southwestern California, July 22, 1890; original number, 580; from C. K. Worthen). — Upperparts, from nape to tail, soiled gray- ish white, darkened by brownish-black tips to the overhairs, which are broadest and darkest in the lumbar region ; nape and interscapular re- gion faintly tinged with clay color; head with the usual blackish mask, extending backward from the naked nasal pad to the forehead, expand- ing across the face and sides of head, enclosing the eyes and ending in a point below the ear, with a narrow median process connecting the blackish mask with the dark crown; the mask bordered all round by a white band; lower lip white; ears white with a black band at base extending backward from the anterior base of the ear for a distance of seventy milimeters; crown brownish black considerably mixed with grayish white; underparts with overhair white and so sparse as to reveal the underfur between; upper throat warm sepia; fore limbs dirty grayish white throughout ; feet and hind limbs soiled grayish white, showing the dark underfur between the long hairs, and with a brownish-black area above the heel ; tail soiled grayish white, with black tip and six dark rings which are obsolete on basal portion above and scarcely discernable any- where on the underside; underfur of back, and outer surface of limbs, fuscous, paling to benzo brown on the under side of body. Two adult females (type and practical topotype No. jfltl, U. S. Nat, Mus., from National City, southwestern California),* taken July 1(1 and :">, respectively, closely resemble the above-described male except that they have a slight brownish suffusion as if dirty from contact with the soil. External measurements of type (adult female, measured fresh by the author). — Total length, 810; tail vertebra?, 312; pencil, (50; ear from crown, 60; hind foot, with claw, 112; longest whisker, 98; longest hairs on dorsum, 73. External measurements of adult male (a well-made skin; Cat. No. \\\ ,!", U. S.Nat. Mus.; taken at National City, southwestern California, July 22, L890). — Head and body, 655; tail, 200; pencil, 50; hind foot, including claw, 120; ear above crown, 2!); longest whisker, 98; longest hair on dorsum, 61. t * The collector recorded the following external measurements on the label: Body, 23% inches; tail, 14; ear, 2%. + Collector's measurements from fresh specimen: Body, 24% inches; tail, 14%; ear, 2H. Mearns — Descriptions of Thret New Raccoons. C>7 Measurements of skull and teeth (adult male, Cat. No. ^$fio> U.S. Nat. .Mus.; taken at National City, in the southwestern corner of California, July 22, 1890; original number, 580; from ('. K. Worthen), compared with measurements of the largest adult male of Procyon Jotor psora (Cat. No. 3933, l'. S. Nat. Mus. Sacramento, California) in the collection, the latter in parentheses: Condylobasal length, 121 (120); zygomatic breadth, 83 (85); breadth of braincase, 56 (58); postorbital constriction, 25 (28); interorbital constriction, 25 (29) ; rostral breadth over canines, 28.5 (33), least rostral breadth, 27(31.5); from posterior border of middle incisor to interpterygoid notch, 73 (71); from last point to foramen magnum, 38 (39); length of interpterygoid notch, 13.5(15); posterior breadth of in- terpterygoid notch, 14 (15); distance between anterior premolars, across palate, 20 (22>; between posterior premolars, 20 (22); between posterior molars, 22 (23); length of audital bulla, 18 (20); length of mandible, 91 (91); length of upper lateral tooth row, including canines, 43.5 (47); combined length of upper molars, crowns, 14. s (14.5); upper incisor tooth row, alveoli, 15.5 (17); lower lateral tooth row, alveoli, 51 (52); combined length of lower molars, crowns, 19.5 (20); lower incisor tooth row, alveoli, 1 1 ( 12.5). Measurements of skulls and teeth of two adult females (type and Cat. No. ,Vu- U. S. Nat. Mus.; National City, southwestern California; original number, 581; from C. K. Worthen), compared with measure- ments of the largest adult female of Procyon Jotor psora (Cat. No. :!224, ('. S. Nat. Mus. ; collected at San Francisco, California, by Captain Rodgers) in the collection, the latter in parentheses: Condylobasal length, 111', 111 ( 112) ; zygomatic breadth, 75, 7!) ( — ) ; breadth of braincase, 55, 53 (55); postorbital constriction, 27, 23 (28); interorbital constric- tion, 25, 23 (26); rostral breadth over canines, 2(5. 5, 26.5 (28.5); least rostral breadth, 25, 25 (27); from posterior border of middle incisor to interpterygoid notch, 66, 6b' ((57); from last point to foramen magnum, 36.5, 36.5 (35); length of interpterygoid notch, ]4.5, 15 (12); posterior breadth of interpterygoid notch, 13, 14 (15); distance between anterior premolars, across palate, alveoli, 20, 19 (19.5); between posterior pre- molars, 20.3, 19.3 (20); between posterior molars, 22, 20.4 (23.5); leiigth of audital bulla, 18, 18 (19); length of mandible, 84, 90 (86); upper lateral tooth row, including canine, 42, 42.5 (43); combined length of upper molars, crowns, 14.2, 14.7 ( 14.5) ; upper incisor tooth row, alveoli, 15, 15 i 16.5); lower lateral tooth row, 48.5, 49 (51); combined length of lower molars, crowns, 19, 1(.».7 (19.8); lower incisor tooth row, alveoli, 11.2, 11 (12). Vol. XXVII, pp. 69-70 March 20, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF CORYMBITES FROM THE SONORAN ZONE OF WASHINGTON STATE. (Coleoptera; Elaterid.e.) BY J. A. HYSLOP. The following new species was reared in the course of economic wireworm investigations in the Pacific Northwest. Corymbites noxius sp. nov. General form moderately elongate. Color black with very obscurely brown to black legs. Moderately pilose. Head slightly deflexed, width including eyes not equal to one half width of prothorax; front flat, strongly and densely punctate, anterior margin interrupted at middle so that front is confluent with that part of the head which gives attachment to the labrum; antennae very short, not as long as the pronotum, very strongly serrate beyond third joint, third joint subcorneal and more slender than fourth, third longer than fourth in female, equal to fourth in mali'. Prothorax slightly longer than broad; sides parallel, strongly bent inward anteriorly; pronotum convex with median channel indistinct anteriorly, strongly and continently punctate on sides, punctuations becoming smaller as they approach the disc, disc of pronotum without punctures or very finely and sparsely punctulate, very glistening, posterior angles of the pronotum divergent and strongly carinate. I'rosternal sutures straight. Elytra two and one half times as long as the prothorax, sides straight and parallel, about same width as the pronotum, strongly pnnctate-striate. interstices slightly rounded and very obscurely punctu- late. Length 1U to 13 mm. Typt locality. — Govan, Washington. Type.— No. 18,268, I'. S. National Museum. Paratype8. — Five other specimens, three from type locality and two from Wilbur, Washington. 13— PROC. Biol. SOC. Wash., Vol.. XXVII, 1914. (69) 70 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. This species whs reared from larvae which were attacking wheat in the Big Bend Country of Washington. It falls in Horn's group IV and in Candeze's section VI. According to the latter author it falls next to Corymbites conjungens Lee, from which it can be easily distinguished by the continent punctuation on the sides of the pronotum and by being entirely black except for a very slight brownish tinge on the legs. Vol. XXVII, pp. 71-74 April 25, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SUBSPECIES OF MOOSE FROM WYOMING. BY E. W. NELSON. In has been known for many years that moose inhabit parts of the northern Rocky Mountain region in the States of Wyom- ing, Montana and Idaho, especially in and about the Yellow- stone National Park. It is also known that they were formerly more widely distributed than at present, but their range has been restricted and their numbers diminished in most places by modern developments in their country. Their present center of abundance appears to be along the Yellowstone River and about the south end (or head) of Yellowstone Lake in the Yellowstone National Park. We are indebted to George Shiras, 3d, for nearly all we know concerning the life history of these animals. During the late summers and autumns of 1908, 1909 and 1910 Mr. Shiras visited the head of Yellowstone Lake and ascended the Yellow- stcwae River, and, to the surprise of every one, discovered that moose were amazingly numerous there. He saw 21 moose in the shallow water at the head of the lake at one time and estimated that there were about 1500 in this district. Owing to prohibition of shooting in the park, and the unfrequented section they occupy, they showed little alarm at the presence of Mr. Shiras and his party. In the National Geographic Magazine for July, 1913 (Vol. XXIV, No. 7), Mr. Shiras gives an account of his observations of these moose, a map of their distribution in the park and a series of fine photographs of these animals taken by day and night in their haunts. This is a remarkably interesting and valuable contribution to the 14— Proc. BtOL. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (71) 72 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. life history of one of our least known big game animals. Through the generosity of Mr. Shiras and the kind cooperation of Governor Joseph M. Carey, and State Game Warden D. F. Hudson of Wyoming, a splendid pair of these animals were collected for the Biological Survey in December, 1913, the male serving as the type of the new subspecies. In consideration of His remarkable work in originating i lern methods of flash-light photography of birds and mam- mals and the interest he lias awakened, through this and by his writings, in animal life and its preservation, I take pleasure in offering a well-deserved tribute by naming this fine game animal in honor of George Shiras, 3d. Alces americanus shirasi subsp. nov. SHIRAS MOOSE. Type from Snake River, 4 miles south of Yellowstone Park, Lincoln County, Wyoming: No. 202,973, adult d\ U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection; collected December 11, 1913, by John Shive. Distribution. — Known from the northern Rocky Mountains, in and about Yellowstone Park in Wyoming, Montana and Idaho. Probably ranges much farther north along the Rocky Mountains, but limits of range unknown. Subspecific characters. — Differs strongly in early winter pelage from typical Alces americanus from Maine, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in having the entire top of the back, including upperside of neck, rather pale rusty yellowish-brown, slightly washed on tips of hairs with dusky; ears paler and grayer; hoofs much shorter and smaller. Description of adult male in early winter pelage (type). — Entire top of back and upper sides, including upper part of neck, rather pale rusty yellowish-brown, palest on neck and slightly darkened along top of back by a thin wash of dusky on tips of hairs; this dorsal rusty brown area shades into the deep black of lower parts of body along middle of sides; the black area of underparts covers all the lower half of the sides of body, the upper part of the front and hind legs and entire underside of body except a dull pale buffy area covering lower abdomen and inguinal region; middle parts of front and hind legs pale dull buffy, becoming dusky brown on lower hind legs and from knee to hoof on front legs; underside of neck mixed black and rusty brown; underside of bead much blacker and much less mixed with rusty hairs than underside of neck; upper and lower lips narrowly bordered with grayish white; top and sides of muzzle and sides of head dusky brown, crown paler rusty brown; back of ears pale dull brownish gray; inside or front of ears, pale, slightly buffy whitish. Nelson — .1 New Subspecies of Moose from Wyoming. 73 Measurements of typt taken in the flesh. — Total length,2540 mm.; length of hind foot, 7(>2 mm.; greatest length of front hoof, 130 nun. (same measurement in adult cT from New Brunswick, 153 mm.). Skull — So far as the small scries ,>f fully adult skulls available for com- parison indicate there are no appreciable cranial differences between typical .1. americanus and A. americanus shirasi. Remarks.— A comparison of the type and an adult female topotype of the Shiras moose, with five adult specimens of typical Aires americanus collected during the same time of year in Maine and eastern Canada indicate that the pale brown backs, pale ears and small hoofs of the present form are very constant differences characterizing a strongly marked geographical form. The female topotype of the new form taken the same day as the type has an even paler brown back than the type, especially on the rump, top of shoulders and along the nape; the ears are also paler gray. Vol. XXVII, pp. 75-76 May 11, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW BAT OF THE GENUS MIMON FROM MEXICO. BY E. A. GOLDMAN. Anion-- some l>ats recently submitted to the Biological Survey for identification by the authorities of the Kansas University Museum of Natural History, arc specimens of an apparently unnamed species of Mimon from Cozumel Island, Mexico. For the privilege of describing this species, the type of which has been generously donated to the Biological Survey, I am indebted to Charles D. Bunker, Assistant Curator of Birds and Mammals, Kansas University Museum of Natural History. Mimon cozumelse sp. uov. T'l/te from Cozumel Island, off the east coast of Yucatan. Mexico. No. 203,191, l". S. National Museum (Biological Survey Collection), collected by G. F. Gaumer. Skin and skull of adult. General characters. — Similar in general to Mimon bennettii (Gray), but Color paler, more rusty brown; skull decidedly broader. Color. — Type: General color of upper parts near sayal brown (Ridg- way. 1912), the pelage becoming paler basally; outer side of forearm clothed proximally with short fur of same color as back; under parts wood brown. Skull. — Broader and more massive throughout than that of M. bennettii, the braincase conspicuously broader, zygomata more widely spreading, especially posteriorly, the sides less nearly parallel; palate broader behind posterior molars; dentition very similar, but individual teeth slightly larger. Measurements. — Type (dry skin): Length of forearm, 58; tibia, 22.3; foot, 14.!». Skull (type) : Greatest length, 26; zygomatic breadth, 14.:!; mastoid breadth, 9.8; breadth of palate behind posterior molars, 2.8 ; maxillary tooth row, 9.6. Remarks.— Mimon bennettii (Gray) appears in several check lists of North American mammals, including the latest, * although Alston t has * Miller. North Amer. Land Mamm., Bull. 79, U. s. Nat. Mus., 1912, p. .::. t Biol. Cent.— Amer., Mamm., 1879, p. 12. 15— Proc. Biol. Soo. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (?:>) 76 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. shown how Dobson * was apparently misled into including Mexico in the recorded ranges of the species, and Elliott remarks that "Mimon bennettii, sometimes included in the North American fauna, does not appear to be recorded north of the Isthmus of Panama." The basis for the erroneous record seems to have been the inclusion of the description of Vampyrus auricularis, the type of which really came from Brazil, by Saussurein his " Notesur quelques Mammifc-res du Mexique,"* Saussure's species being later identified with Mimon bennettii (Gray) by Peters. § Comparison with a subadult specimen from Ypanema, Sao Paulo, Brazil, which has been determined by Oldfield Thomas and is assumed to represent typical Mimon bennettii, seems to show that Mimon cozumelse is a fairly well-marked species. Specimens examined. — Eight, from the type locality (seven topotypes in Kansas University Museum of Natural History). * Cat. Chir. Brit. Mus., 1878, p. 492. t Mamm. Middle Amer. and W. Indies, pt. II, 1904, p. 667. t Rev. et Mag. de Zool., ser. 2, XII, 1S60, p. 487. $ Monatsb. Ak. Berlin, 1869, p. 396. Vol. XXVII, pp. 77-80 May 11, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW ENGYSTOMATID FROG OF THE GENUS HYPOPACHUS. BY ALEXANDEE G. RUTHVEN. Among the amphibians brought from Colombia by the Bryant Walker Expedition of the University of Michigan (1913), are 12 specimens of an Engystomatid frog that seems to be undescribed. Tlie writer takes great pleasure in dedicat- ing this species to Dr. A. S. Pearse, the carcinologist of the expedition, who very materially assisted in the herpetological work. Hypopachus pearsei sp-. now Diagnosis. — Precoracoids very weak; sternum a cartilaginous plate, no omosternum. Diapophyses of sacral vertebrae moderately dilated. Pupil erect. Tongue elliptic, entire, free behind. No vomerine teeth; a ridge across the palate in front of the internal nares and another anterior to the oesophagus. Tympanum concealed. Head small; body large; limbs short. Total length of largest specimens, 40-47 mm. Snout pointed, on the average twice as long as the diameter of the eye. Tibio-tarsal articu- lation reaching the elbow when the limbs are extended along the sides. Fore-limb when extended forward reaching beyond the snout by the length of the longest toe or less than this distance. Fingers free; toes free or with slight rudiment of we!). A low inner metatarsal tubercle, no outer tubercle. Skin smooth; a fold around the head behind the eyes. Color above bluish slate black or blackish slate* with a few minute white dots or very many small white spots; generally a trace of a fine median white line. Chin and throat as above or a little lighter, with very numerous white spots and a few pinkish spots. In adults the under surface of the body and limbs and the upper side of the hind feet about carrot red with irregular blackish reticulations, the dark areas frequently witli small white spots. Inguinal and axillary regions and anterior and * Color Standards and Color Nomenclature, Robert Bidgway, 1912. 16— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII. 191 1. (77) 78 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. posterior faces of the thigh more or less completely suffused with carrot red; shoulder above, below, and in front of the arm insertion with large more or less confluent carrot red blotches. In a young specimen ( 26 mm. ) the lower surface of the body and limbs blackish slate with very numer- ous small spots most of which are white, but a few, with the inguinal region, carrot red. Habitat. — Found in the vicinity of Fundacion, Colombia. Tijpe specimen. — Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Cat. No. 45,571; Fundacion, Colombia; August 13, 1913; Arthur Sperry Pearse, collector. Description of type specimen. — Female. Total length, 40 mm.; snout, 4 mm. ; diameter of eye, 2 nun. Fore-limb reaching slightly beyond the snout. The tibio-tarsal articulation just reaching the elbow when the limbs are extended along the side. Toes blunt with rudiment of web. A single, rather low, inner metatarsal tubercle, no outer tubercle; sub- articular tubercles distinct. Skin smooth, a fold around the head behind the eyes. Blackish slate above with many small white spots; a trace of a tine median white line. Lower surface of body and limbs with the upper surface of the hind feet carrot red, chin and throat about deep neutral gray with numerous small white spots. Inguinal region and anterior and posterior faces of thigh carrot red, on the posterior side of the thigh interrupted by blackish reticulations. Axillary region carrot red, and shoulder with large carrot red spots above, below and in front of the arm insertion. Remarks. — As has been pointed out to me by Dr. Leonhard Stejneger, this species is similar in form and color to the Matogrosso specimens described by Steindachner* as a color variation of Gastrophryne (Engystoma) ovale. Steindachner does not state that he has examined the shoulder girdle in these specimens, which are in the K. K. Natur- historisches Hofmuseum in Vienna, but they have been dissected by Dr. F. Siebenrock, at my request, who states that the precoracoids are absent. In Hypopachus pearse) they are present in every specimen of the twelve examined, whereas they are absent in a typical specimen of Gastrophryne ovale from the same habitat. A specimen in the U. S. National Museum (No. 14,718), catalogued as from Colombia, S. A., which Doctor Stejneger has kindly permitted me to examine, is to be referred to //. pearsei. It is an old specimen which has been partially dissected, and the precoracoids are broken, but pieces of the precoracoids remain and the other characters are as in the material described above. Local distribution and habits. — Hypopachus pearsei was found only in the vicinity of Fundacion. About this village there are a number of marshes from which the forest has been wholly or partially cleared, and it was about these marshes that all of the specimens were secured. They were found in forms beneath logs in damp places, but in the drier parts of the swamps, generally about the margin of the cleared areas or in the •Verh. k. k. Zool.-bot. Ges. in Wien, 1864, p. 285, pi. XVII, figs 4, 4a. Rvthv( a — J New Engystomatid Frog of the Genus Hypopachus. 7i) surrounding forest, and seemed to avoid equally the decidedly dry habitats and the wetter parts of the marshes. When exposed to the light they appeared to be dazed, and as a rule only crouched closer in their forms. When further disturbed they would attempt to get under some nearby cover, which was generally the log which had been rolled oil' them. They rarely jumped when attempt- ing to escape capture, their usual gait being apparently a sort of walk in which the body is pushed forward principally by the powerful hind legs. When they jump the body is not raised much above the ground. The stomach contents of two specimens have been examined. In one there are many termites and ants, the termites predominating, a few pieces of insects other than ants, a few fragments of vegetable matter, and some small lumps of earth. The vegetable and inorganic matter was probably taken accidentally with the food. The other stomach contains ants only. Vol. XXVII, pp. 81-86 May 11, 1914 PROCEEDINGS O] I III BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SIMULIIDiE OF PERU. BY FREDERICK KNAB. Bureau of Entomology, IT. S. Department of Agriculture. 1 1 In his investigation of the transmission of the disease called verruga peruana " and the search for the insect transmitter, Prof. C. H. T. Townsend collected blood-sucking Diptera in the verruga zone. Among those submitted to the writer for deter- mination were four species of Simvlium, and of these three proved to be new to science. Another species still undescribed was collected by Professor Townsend in 1911 on the eastern slopes of the Andes and still another was collected in 1911 by the Yale Peruvian Expedition. Five species have been pre- viously reported from Peru and this brings the number of species known from this country up to ten. These maj^ be separated as follows: 1. Mesonotum black or grey, without contrasting colors 6 Mesonotum not black and grey throughout 2 •_'. Mesonotum with black markings .". Mesonotum without black markings 4 :!. Mesonotum margined with yellow and with a median reddish stripe gaudeatum n. sp. Margins yellow, disk entirely velvet black bicoloratum Mali. 4. Scutum orange, paler at sides, a pair of whitish spots at anterior margin dineUii Joan Not so marked 5 5. Scutum ferruginous with four broad grey stripes . . . escomeli Roub. Scutum orange and yellow flavipictum n. sp. 6. Scutum with stripes on the disk 8 Scutum without stripes on the disk 7 7. Scutellum drawn out to a sharp point: small species . . spinifer n. sp. Scutellum blunt; large species; scales on the scutum in small groups seriatum n. sp. 17— Proc. BIOL. Soc. Wash., Vol.. XXVII, 1911. (M) 82 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 8. Small species; scutum with broad lateral iridescent areas nilidum Mall. Large species; without broad lateral iridescent areas on scutum . 9 9. Front femora and tibia' for the most part light colored townsendi Mall. Front femora and tibiae for the most part Mack . . chalcocoma n. sp. Simulium gaudeatum new species. Female. — Occiput black, with coarse black hair projecting from the nape; frons and face pale silvery grey, the frons flat, broad, nearly parallel-sided, bilobed over the antennae. Antennae black. Palpi black. Scutum marked with yellow, ferruginous red and velvet black ; sides of the disk black, the extreme lateral margins rather broadly light yellow, a very broad light yellow zone along anterior margins and involving pro- thoracic lobes, divided at the middle by a broad black strip which merges with the sublateral black areas, the hind margins of yellow anterior zones concave; behind the anterior median black strip a broader stripe of ferruginous red occupying fully one-third the width of the scutum, limited at the antescutellar depression, which is also ferruginous, by a transverse wavy band of light yellow. Scutelhun light yellow, with long black hairs. Dorsal vestiture of long, pale golden hairs evenly distributed, some erect very long black ones before scutelhun. Postnotum blackish brown. Pleurae blackish, grey pruinose, prothoracic portion luteous, with pale yellow hairs. 'Abdomen with the first segment yellow, the succeeding ones blackish with the posterior margins, particularly towards the sides, and the lateral folds yellowish. Legs variegated, all the tarsi black throughout; femora black, pale brown at bases; anterior tibia' white with black apices ; middle and posterior tibia? brownish yellow on basal halves; in addition to the coarser black hairs there are finer pale yellow hairs on the femora and tibiae; first joint of hind tarsi broad and long, longer than the tibia. Claws slender, with a minute tooth towards base in addition to the basal thickening. Wings clear, with red irides- cent spot in the anal area; venation normal; costa, first and second veins black, subcostal vein brownish. Ilalteres bright yellow, the base of the stalk darkened. Length. — Body about 2 mm. ; wing, )! mm. Peru, two females (C. H. T. Townsend, No. 8092). Type— Cat. No. 18,346. Closely related to S. bicoloratum Malloch, but differs particularly in the ornamentation of the scutum, as well as in other details. Simulium dinellii (Joan). Melusina dinellii Joan, Bol. Minist. Agric. (Buenos Aires), xiv, No. 4, pp. 363, 385 (April, 1912). Simulium bipunctatum, Malloch, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xliii, p. 650 (Dec. 31, 1912). Kmih — Simuliida of Peru. 83 In establishing the synonymy for this species (Insec. Enscit. Menstr., i, KM."., p. 155) the dates of publication were inadvertently given as 1913, instead of L912. For this reason the corrected references are here intro- duced. Simulium escomeli Roubaud. This species appears to he the commonest ami must widely distributed Simulium in western Peru and in northern Chile. It was originally described from the neighborhood of Arequipa. Prof. Townsend has sent specimens from the following Peruvian localities: Santa Enlalia, July 5, L913; Lima. March, L914 ; Chosica, March, L914. The National Museum has a -cries from northern Chile, taken by Prof. Carlos 1-:. Porter in the Valle de Lluta and the Valle de Azapa in June, 1912. Usually the ground color of the scutum is bright ferruginous, but specimens occur in which it is rich chocolate brown. Two females, one from Lima, the other from Chosica. show this variation. This species closely resembles in coloration S. bivittatum from New Mexico and Colorado, but in spite of this the two are readily separable. In -S'. escomeli the scutellum is broad and blunt, while in the North American species it is narrow and drawn out to an acute angle. Simulium flavipictum new specie-. Female. — Occiput dull black, frons and face white, pruinose; frons moderately broad, widening on upper portion. Antennae ferruginous yellow on basal half, shading from brown to dull black on distal half. Palpi blackish. Scutum ferruginous, marked with ocher yellow some- what similarly to .S'. gaudeatum, but the markings less regular and less sharply delimited; rather broad lateral yellow stripes joining very broad yellow zones along the anterior margin, which latter are broadly divided in the middle, involve the prothoracic lobes and are deeply concave on their posterior margins; posterior margin narrowly bordered with yellow, a narrow median line extending forward to near middle of disk, a trans- verse yellow shade crossing it before antescutellar depression and sending forward branches at its outer angles. Scutellum yellow, broad and ob- tuse. Postnotum yellow, pruinose. Dorsal vestiture of coarse, evenly distributed blackish hairs with golden luster. Pleurae yellow and ferru- ginous. Abdomen ferruginous yellow at hase, dull blackish brown beyond first segment. Legs with the femora ferruginous yellow, the tibia' shading to brown at their apices ; anterior tarsi black, median pair with the first joint ferruginous, darker towards the tip, the second pale at base, the last three black; hind tarsi black, with bases of the first and second joints yellowish brown ; vestiture of femora and tibia' dark with golden luster. Claws slender, with a prominent tooth near base in addi- tion to hasal thickening. Wings clear, the membrane between the sub- costal and first veins yellow; venation normal; costa and end of first vein brown, with black spines and hairs, the subcostal vein yellow. Halteres ferruginous yellow. Length: body, about 2.5 nun. ; wing, 3.5mm. 84 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Rio Charape, Peru, 14 September, 1911, one specimen (C. H. T. Town- send ). Type.— Cat. No. 18,347, U. S. Nat. Mus. This species is remarkable for the pigmentation of the wing-membrane of the submarginal cell, a condition which has not been observed in any other simuliid. Simulium spinifer new species. Female. — Frons light grey pruinose, broad above, much narrowed to a point a short distance above the antennae, then again slightly widened ; face light grey pruinose. Antenn;e blunt at tip, three joints at base yel- lowish ferruginous, the others deep black. Scutum greyish black, evenly clothed with fine brassy hairs, two indistinct black depressed longitudinal stripes, at anterior margin a pair of large triangular pearly white spots, a whitish spot on lateral margins before roots of wings, a large subquad- rate grey patch before antescutellar area, this last triangularly produced into scutellum. Prothoracic lobes dull ferruginous, witli a pearly white spot at the outer angles. Scutellum triangularly produced to an acute point, obscurely ferruginous, with coarse erect black hairs on the posterior margins. Postnotum black. Pleurae black and brown, with a large whitish pruinose patch. Abdomen dull black, the two basal segments dull brown and with long brassy hairs, begs blackish, marked with white; tibia? of fore legs with a whitish sheen along one side, the tarsi entirely black; middle pair with the base of the tibia and the basal two- thirds of the first tarsal joint whitish, the second and third tarsal joints pale at their bases; hind legs with the tibia' broadly yellowish near base, the first tarsal white and with the apical fourth black, the second joint pale at base. Claws simple, produced tooth-like at the base. Wings hyaline, the venation normal ; heavy veins on anterior portion of wing yellowish, the costa slightly darkened distally, the spines and hairs black; thin veins unpigmented. Halteres pale yellow, the stem dark at base. Length: Body, about 1.3 mm. ; wing, 2 mm. Verrugas Canyon, Peru, 5 July, 1913, three females (C. H. T. Town- send). Type— Cat. No. 18,348, U. S. Nat, Mus. Simulium seriatum new species. Female. — Occiput black; frons grey pruinose, broad above, tapered regularly to the antenna1, where it is narrowed almost to a point ; face grey pruinose. Antennae with two basal joints dull ferruginous yellow, the others blackish, clothed with whitish pubescence, the tip pointed. Scutum uniformly greyish black ; vestiture of lustrous, yellowish white, hair-like scales disposed in little groups which form indistinct longitudinal series. Scutellum broad, transverse, concolorous with the mesonotum, the pale scales directed transversely ; posterior margin with coarse, black erect hairs. Postnotum black, pruinose. Pleura' grey, pruinose. Abdo- men black, the posterior margins of the segments narrowly pale grey. Knab — Simuliidse of Peru. 85 l.i'us ochraceoiis, black and white; anterior pair with the coxae and femora ochraceous, the tibiae black, with white sheen on the under side on the basal two-thirds, the tarsi entirely black ; middle leys with the coxae blackish, Femora and tibiae ochraceous, the latter dark distally and with whitish luster, tarsi with the first joint white, black at tip, the second with pale basal ring, the last three all black; hind leys with the coxa- black, femora blackish brown, ochraceous at base, the tibiae blackish, yellowish at base, the tarsi with the first joint white on the basal half, the distal half and all of the succeeding joints black. Claws long, with a short stout tooth near base in addition to the basal thicken- ing. Wings hyaline, the venation normal; thick veins yellowish brown, the spines and dense black setae on the costa causing it to appear nearly black; anal field with strong green and red iridescence. Halteres with brown stem and pale yellow knob. Length. — Body, about 2.3 mm.; wing, 4."> mm. Santa Eulalia, Peru, July 5, 1913, and Cbosica, Peru, September, 1913 (C. H. T. Townsend); two females. Type.— Cat. No. 19,349, U. S. Nat. Mus. Very close to Simulium orbitale Lutz. Differs particularly in the absence of vestiture from the frons and face and in the wedge-like narrowing of the frons towards the antennae. In ,S'. orbitale, of which an authentic specimen kindly sent by Dr. Lutz is before me, the frons is broad throughout, nearly parallel-sided. Simulium chalcocoma new species. Female. — Body black. Mesonotum grey-black, in certain lights velvet black on the disk and with three light grey longitudinal lines, the median line straight, narrow and anteriorly abbreviated, the others sinuate and ending in large bright spots on the anterior margin; lateral margins and anterior angles broadly grey; vestiture of coarse and rather dense, evenly distributed, brassy hairs. Scutellum deep brown, rather narrow and produced to a distinct angle. Legs rather stout, black; all three pairs of tibia- white at bases; fore tarsi all black; middle and bind tarsi with slightly more than the basal half of the first joint white. Claws with a stout tooth in addition to basal thickening. Winys hyaline; costa black, the other thick veins brown. Halteres white. Length. — Body, about :*> mm.; wing, 4 mm. Tincocbcboca, Peru, 7,000 feet altitude, 10 August, 1911 (Yale Peruvian Expedition). Type.— Cat. No. 18,350, U. S. Nat. Mus. A full description of this species will appear in a forthcoming report on the Diptera of the Yale Peruvian Expedition. It is included here for the sake of completeness. Vol. XXVII, pp. 87-88 May 11, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW RACE OF THE MANDARIN DUCK FROM SOUTH- ERN JAPAN. BY AUSTIN II. CLARK. A specimen of the mandarin duck from the Island of Kiusiu, Japan, and another from Shanghai, in the collection of the U. S. National Museum appear to represent a recognizable race, which may be known as Aix galericulata brunnescens subsp. nov. Characters. — This subspecies differs from the typical form in having the central stripe in the elongated feathers of the neck distinctly huffy instead nf white; in having the black posterior border of the enlarged innermost tertial from 4 nun. to 5 nun. in width instead of from 2 mm. to 3 mm.; in having the border of the upper mandible adjacent to the sides of the face inclined anteriorly instead of being nearly perpendicular to the edges of the maxilla; and in being slightly larger. The wing in the specimen from Kiusiu (No. 114,766 U. S. X. M.) measures 240 mm., and in the specimen from Shanghai (No. 107,150 I'. S. X. M. ) 235 mm. The wing in a specimen of Aix galericulata galericulata from Hakodate (No. 120,679 (J. S. X. M.) measures 220 mm.; in another from Sagami Bay (No. 109,463 U. S. X. M.) 220nnn.; and in a third, a tame bird (Xo. 168,903 I'. S. X. M.), 221 mm. Type— No. 114,766 U. S. X. M., from Kiusiu, Japan. 18— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.. Vol. XXVII, 191 1. n the dungaree River, 60 miles southwest of Kirin, Kirin Province, Manchuria, July 6, 1913, by Arthur de Carle Sowerby. Original Xo. 625. Diagnosis. — Like Apodemus peninsulae (Thomas) hut size greater, ear longer, and skull more robust; ground color of upper parts slightly darker and less yellowish than in A. peninsulae in corresponding coat.* Measurements. — Type and adult female (No. 197,789) from the type locality, both with teeth much worn : head and body, 115 and 110; tail, 110 and 112; hind foot, without claws, 26 and 24; ear, 16.5 and 17; condylo- hasal length of skull, 28.3 and 27.4; zygomatic breadth, 14.4 and 14.5; interorbital constriction, 4.7 and 4.5; breadth of braincase, 12.0 and 11.9; depth of braincase at middle, 8.5 and 8.3; nasal, 12.2 and 12.5; dias- tema, 9.2 and 9.0; mandible, 17.0 and 16.0; maxillary toothrow (alveoli), 4.3 and 3.7; mandibular toothrow (alveoli), 4.0 and 3.7. Specimens examined. — Five, all from the type locality. Remarks. — The specimens of Apodemus praetor have been compared with 35 skins of .4. peninsulae from Kansu, Shensi, Shansi and Korea. In this series the two largest individuals (females), both from mountains thirty- miles west of Kuei-hua-cheng, northern Shansi, measure: head and body, 100 and 101 ; tail, 102 and 93; hind foot, 23 and 21 ; ear, 15.5 and 14. * Lour of the skins are in faded winter pelage; the fifth shows the beginning of the snnimer molt. 19— Proc. Biol. Soo. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (89) 90 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. In size and general appearance the Manchurian animal resembles Apo- demus nigritalns Hollister from the Altai Mountains. It is distinguishable, however, by longer ear and by less convex dorsal profile of skull. Epimys norvegicus socer subsp. nov. Type.— Adult male (skin and skull) No. 144,020, U. S. National Mu- seum. Collected at Taocheo, Kansu, China, January 30, 1905, by W. W. Simpson. Original No. 5. Diagnosis. — Like Manchurian specimens of Epimys norvegicus caraco (Pallas) but color paler, essentially as in the palest European specimens of E. norvegicus norvegicus, the difference between the two races about the same as that between Mus wagneri mongolicus and M. ivagneri manchu. Color. — Type: upperparta a dull huffy gray noticeably " lined " by the longer blackish hairs, the median region from crown to base of tail with a slaty tinge, the sides clearer buff* ( between the cream-buff" and cartridge- buff" of Ridgway); underparts buff" like that of sides but without inter- mingling of dark hairs, the slaty under color appearing irregularly at surface; feet and underparts of tail light cartridge-buff', dorsal surface of tail sharply contrasted dark brown. Three immature individuals essen- tially like type but with slaty dorsal area broader and more diffuse. Measurements. — Type (teeth moderately worn ) : head and body, 200; tail, 130; hind foot (dry), .'!8; hind foot without claws (dry), 36; condy- lobasal length of skull, 45.1; zygomatic breadth, 23.9; interorbital con- striction, 6.7; breadth across postorbital angles, 11.:!; least breadth across ridges at level of interparietal, 10.6; occipital breadth, 18.5; occipital depth, 11.6; nasal, 16.9; diastema, 12.5; mandible, 27.5; max- illary toothrow (alveoli), 7.7; mandibular toothrow (alveoli), 7.3. Specimens examined. — Eight, from the following localities: Taocheo, Kansu, 4; Yu-ling-fu, Shensi, 1; twelve miles south of Yen-an-fu, Shensi, 3. Remarks. — With the exception of one specimen, a young-adult female (teeth slightly worn) from 12 miles south of Yen-an-fu. the series is very uniform. In this individual the color is so decidedly paler that the animal appears at first glance to be a pallid example of Epimys confu- cianus luticolur. It is probably abnormal as the others from the same place show no peculiarities. Taking the seven normal specimens as a whole the Chinese race is readily distinguishable from Epimys norvegicus caraco, as represented by six skins from Kir in Province, Manchuria, by characters which closely parallel those distinguishing the local forms of Mus occurring in the same regions. The exact agreement of some of the not fully adult Kirin specimens with Pallas's account convinces me that the Manchurian and East Sibe- rian representative of Epimys norvegicus is the original "Mus caraco" as suggested by Thomas in 1909.* Kashtschenko has, however, recorded his opinion to the contrary and has proposed the new subspecific name * Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist, ser. 8, Vol. 4, p. 502. December, 1909. Millet — Two New Murine Rodents from Eastern Asia. 91 primarius Eor the eastern form.* Both caraco and socer are distin- guishable from true norvegicus by less harsh fur, more hairy tail (the annul ations mostly concealed, and the color of dorsal surface of tail noticeably darker than that of body), shorter hind foot, and by the smaller skull with more abruptly constricted interorhital region and more nearly parallel ridges on braincase, the least distance between these ridges at interparietals tending to lie equal to or less than that between poet- orhital angles, while in true norvegicus it is usually (though not invariably) greater. : Ann. Mus. Zool. Acad. St. P6tersbourg, Vol. 17. (19121. p. -101. 1913. Vol. XXVII, pp. 93-96 May 11, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SUBSPECIES OF POGONO- MYRMEX OCCIDENTALS CRESSON FROM NEVADA. BY FREDERICK M. GAIGE. [Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan.] During the summer of 1912 the Walker-Newcomb Expedition of the University of Michigan collected in northeastern Nevada a series of specimens of an ant which, although clearly allied to Pogonomyrmex occidentalis Cresson, differs from this long estab- lished form sufficiently to require subspecific recognition. The series comprises some hundreds of specimens which are in the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan. I am indebted to Prof. \V . M. Wheeler, of the Bussey Institu- tion, for examining specimens of this form and for the gift of specimens of P. occidental!* and P. comanche for comparison. Pogonomyrmex occidentalis ruthveni* subsp. nov. Worker. — Length, <>.5-8.5 mm. Head rectangular, exclusive of the 7-toothed mandibles, nearly as broad as long, posterior border straight. Clypeus rather broader posteriorly with that margin usually straight or very slightly notched at its union with the frontal area, anterior border with abroad, arc-like excision, rather deeper than in typical P. occidentalis. Frontal area triangular, as broad as long, slightly depressed, with a very distinct median cannula. Eyes in middle of lateral surfaces of head. Antennal scapes hardly extending to midway between the eyes and the posterior corners of the head. Thorax of the usual shape with two slender epinotal spines which are longer by at least half than the distance between their bases and directed obliquely upward, outward and backward. Petiole lacking the ventral tooth, except that it may be very faintly indicated as a slight enlargement in some specimens. Post petiole as in typical form. Gasterand legs of the usual configuration. * Named for l>r. Alexander G. Rutbven, Director of the Museum of Zoology, Univer- sity of Michigan, who was in charge of the field work in Nevada . •Jt>— Prog. Biol. Sou. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (93) 94 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Mandibles shining, with rather coarse parallel striae. Frontal area dis- tinctly shining. Clypens, sides and upper surface of head traversed by rather coarse rugae, coarsest on cheeks. Clypeal rugae parallel, those of upper head plainly diverging posteriorly but less so than in P. occidentalis . Interrugal spaces densely and distinctly foveolate-punctate. Thoracic sculpture intermediate between that of P. occidentalis and P. comanche, the longitudinal rugae of the mesonotum being shorter than in the former, but very evident. Intraspinal facet of epinotum distinctly shining. Petiole and postpetiole foveolate-punctate, occasionally with faint longi- tudinal rugae, not shining. Gaster minutely punctate, shining; legs less shining with coxae faintly rugose, the rugae most evident on anterior, least distinct and more irregular on posterior legs. Body and appendages beset with pale bristly hairs, which are long and project forward on anterior margin of clypeus, most abundant on dorsal surface of gaster, shortest and most appressed on antennae. Abundant oblique hairs on legs. Lower surface of head and mandibles with the usual beard of long recurved hairs. Pubescence entirely lacking. Head, thorax and pedicel deep ferruginous red, darkest on postpetiole, gaster and legs pitchbrown to light yellowish red, mandibles piceous, mandibular teeth and anterior edge of clypeal excision black to blackish. Eyes black. Female. — Length 10 mm. Head, excluding the 7-toothed mandibles, very slightly longer than broad, with straight posterior border. Mandibular teeth decidedly better developed than in worker. Clypeus and frontal area as in worker. Ocelli minute. Eyes about as in worker. Antenna! scape reaching to less than midway between eye and posterior corner of head. Thorax distinctly narrower than head. Epinotal spines shorter and much stouter than in worker. Ventral tooth of petiole lacking. Sculpture of head and mandibles as in worker. Pronotum with trans- verse rugae, mesonotum with longitudinal rugae, much finer and more even than those of head; metanotal rugae similar but transverse; intraspinal facet of epinotum as in worker, rather more shining. Gaster and legs, particularly the former, more shining than in worker. Pilosity generally longer and finer than in worker, otherwise the same. Color that of worker. Wings hyaline with yellow-brown veins. Male. — Length 8 mm. Head not broader than thorax, posterior border convex, sides sub- parallel. Clypeus shallower than in the preceding forms, more convex, the excision much broader and shallower. Frontal area much depressed, triangular, broader than long, with feeble median cannula. Mandibles 5-toothed, small. Eyes large, protruding beyond sides of head. Ocelli large. Antennae 13-jointed, scapes short, barely reaching to posterior border of eyes. Epinotal spines reduced to mere points, four or five times as far apart as long. Ventral tooth of petiole entirely suppressed. Mandibles shining, finely striate. Rugae of clypeus and head fine and even, those of head parallel, not diverging posteriorly. Interrugal spaces Gaige — Subspecies of Pogonomyrmex occidentalis cresson. 95 finely but distinctly foveolate-punctate. Mesonotum still more finely rugose longitudinally, faintly shining; tnetanotum with even liner and more irregular transverse rugae. Petiole, post-petiole and gaster shining, the latter the most so. Pilosity much liner than in the two preceding forms, longer and more abundant, particularly <>n the head, thorax and petiole. Antenna! hairs erect. All hairs without bristly character. Head and thorax piceous, appendages lighter, pedicel and gaster light yellowish red, the former the darker. Eyes dull purple. Wings as in female, lint generally lighter. Habit at. — Typical grass and sage-brush lands in Maggie Basin and the surrounding mountains in Eureka and Elko Comities, Nevada. Type specimens. — Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Cat. No. 2283; .lames Canyon, Elko Comity, Nevada; August 3, 1912; Fred- erick M. Gaige, collector. The specimens consist of 31 cotype workers, a single aleate male and a single aleate female, all from the same colony. There are also 10 immature workers, with numerous larvae and pupae from the same nest. Xottx on paratopes. — The variations in the series examined are not great, and pertain mostly to the posterior margin of the clypeus, which is occasionally as in typical P. occidentalis. The ventral spine of the petiole is constantly suppressed, hut in two cases approaches the develop- ment attained in the typical form. The sculpture of the head and thorax is very constant. Remarks. — The subspecies is well defined, and as stated above is very constant throughout a considerable series. It is intermediate between the long established, widely distributed P. occidentalis Cresson, a very stable form described from Colorado in 1865, and P. comanche Wheeler first descrihed from Texas in 1902 as a subspecies of P. occidentalis. The workers may readily be distinguished from those of the typical form by the absence or great reduction of the ventral tooth of the petiole, the dis- tinctly slighter divergence posteriorly of the dorsal cephalic rugae, and the shorter longitudinal rugae of the mesonotum, and from the workers of P. comanche by the generally coarser sculpture, the strong cannula of the frontal area, and the longitudinal rugae of the mesonotum. In most specimens the clypeus is most like that of P. comanche, but it is subject to some variation as noted above. Habits. — The habits of this subspecies are very similar to those of P. occidentalis. It lives in very large colonies and constructs conical mounds as high as 24 inches and sometimes 10 feet in circumference. The mounds are ordinarily covered with gravel, but an abundance of spermophile pellets is frequently found in them, although rarely to the exclusion of other materials, and along railroad tracks the black cinders are much used. The space about the nest is kept clear, often fora radius of five or six feet. The mound is usually in the centre of the clearing, and the periphery is often covered with chaff and such vegetable detritus as has been discarded by the ants. The nests have few openings, the maximum noted being six, with between two and three as an average, and they are closed with 96 Proceedings of the Biological Soviet)/ of Washington. nest material at night and perhaps during storms. The ants are very active in the morning and evening, but during the hottest part of the day they are not seen unless disturbed. The nests examined were very deep, being by no means restricted to the mounds. Large Mights were noted from August 3 to 5, and during that period it was common to rind isolated, dealeated females digging in the hard, dry soil to found new colonies, or to see small holes in the ground which upon being opened revealed a female at a depth of 2 inches or less, usually in a small chamber, and very rarely with a cluster of eggs, usually less than a dozen in number. Quantities of larvae and pupae and frequently eggs were commonly found in the nests opened during the summer. The young ants are very clear, light yellow, with head and thorax inclining to light brown or dull orange, dependent apparently on the age of the individual. Vol. XXVII, pp. 97-98 May 11, 1914 PPxOCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON WVETHIA HELIANTHOIDES NUTTALL AND WYETHIA AMPLEXICAULIS NUTTALL. BY C. V. PIPER. Capt. Nathaniel Wyeth in his first trip to the Pacific North- west collected on his return journey in 1833 in the Flathead Valley, Montana, the two sunflower-like plants named in the title. On the first mentioned Nuttall founded the genus Wyethia, hut the second he referred to the genus Espeletia. Six years later, however, he concluded that both were congeneric At the present time twelve species of Wyethia are recognized by most botanists, half of them being confined to California. All of them are confined to the region of the Rocky Mountains and westward, but one species, lfr. amplexicaulis, ranging north of the 49th parallel of latitude. In their typical forms Wyethia helianthoides and IT. amplexi- caulis are very different from each other and hitherto no vari- eties or subspecies of either have been described. Specimens recently collected in Oregon by the veteran botanist, Mr. \V. C. Cusick, show that the latter species is more variable than has been supposed and that the two species are closely interrelated by a third intermediate plant here described as a new species. The types are in the possession of the author. The relationships of the three species and of two newr sub- species are indicated in the following key : Leaves and tegules ciliate; rays cream-colored; akenes pubescent above the middle; corona pubescent, shorter than the width of the akene. Upper cauline leaves petiolate W. helianthoides Nutt. Upper cauline leaves sessile W. cusickii n. sp. Leaves and tegules not ciliate; rays orange-yellow; akenes glabrous; corona glabrous longer than the width of the akene. 21— l'Hoc. Biol. Soo. Wash.. Vol. XXVII, 1914. (97) 98 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Herbage much varnished with resin; rays 2 to 3 cm. long W. amplexicaulis Nntt. Herbage slightly varnished with resin. Leaves dark green; rays 6 to 7 cm. long W. amplexicaulis major n. subsp. Leaves pale green ; rays 3 to 4 cm. long TF. amplexicaulis subresinosa n. subsp. Wyethia cusickii n. sp. Whole plant slightly varnished with resin and with a sunflower-like odor, glabrous except the ciliate margins of the cauline leaves and tegules and a few hairs on the upper part of the peduncles; stems stout, 60 to 100 cm. tall, terete, rather strongly ribbed, often purple-tinged; basal leaves firm and thick, oblong lanceolate, acute or short-acuminate, 30 to 45 cm. long, on margined petioles less than half as long as the blades, the cauline sessile or subsessile, gradually reduced upwards; stems bearing a solitary terminal head, or more frequently a smaller head from the axil of each of the upper leaves; larger heads 4 cm. broad; tegules lanceolate, a few of the lowest ovate, acute, coarsely ciliate, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long: rays about 15, pale yellow, oblong, lanceolate, acute, entire at tips or 2 or 3 toothed, 4 cm. long; bracts firm, linear, acuminate, ciliate, atomiferous-glandu- lar near the tip; akenes pubescent toward the apex. Found growing in swamp, Hog Valley, Blue Mountains, Union County, Oregon, together with W. heliautlwides and W. amplexicaulis subresinosa, by \V. C. Cusick. No. 3729 (type) June 17, 1912; No. :17:',0 June 17, 1912; No. 3731 June 17, 1912; No. 3748 May 29, 1913; No. 3770 July 5, 1913; No. 3782 July 5, 1913. The specimens are intermediate between the two species with which it grew. The leaves resemble closely those of W. amplexicaulis except for the pubescence which is of the same general character as that of W. heliautlwides. The akenial characters and the color of the rays are those of IF. helianilwides. It is not unlikely that the plants may lie hybrid in character. Mr. Cusick writes that its period of bloom is also intermediate, being later than that of \V. helianthoides lint earlierthan IF. amplexicaulis. Wyethia amplexicaulis major n. subsp. Herbage but slightly resinous; leaves thinner, often denticulate, the basal broadly oblong-lanceolate, the cauline usually (?) petiolate; rays orange-yellow, 7 cm. long; akenes glabrous. Mormon Basin, Baker County, Oregon, alt. 4000 ft. in open dry soil, June 17, 1913, W. C. Cusick, No. 3861. Mr. Cusick states that the more salient characters of this plant are its larger flowers, larger translucent basal leaves, and stalked cauline leaves. On the whole, however, the plant seems too closly allied to IF. amplexi- caulis to be regarded as a distinct species. Wyethia amplexicaulis subresinosa n. subsp. Differs from the typical plant in being much less resinous and in the foliage being pale green. Collected by W. C. Cusick in Hog Valley, Blue Mountains, Union County, Oregon, 4000 feet alt,, June 18, 1912. No. 3738. Vol. XXVII, pp. 99-102 May 11, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON GENERAL NOTES. |_99 THE STATUS OF CEBUS IMITATOR THOMAS. A white-throated capuchin from Boquete, western Panama, was de- scribed by Mr. Oldfield Thomas* as Cebus imitator. The characters ascribed to this monkey in contrasting it with Cebus hypoleucus (Hum- boldt), from Rio Sinn, Colombia, were elongated frontal tufts, present in the female, and certain color differences which Dr. J. A. A lien f and Dr. D. G. Elliott have regarded as within the range of specific variation. Both authors have placed the name in synonymy. Since the publication of C. imitator, C. hypoleucus has been synonymized with Cebus capucinus ( Linnaeus), and the latter name is, therefore, currently taken to apply to an animal ranging from Colombia northward into Middle America. In studying specimens from Panama and adjoining territory, however, I find two forms differing so conspicuously from each other in dentition that they seem worthy of subspecific recognition: One, ranging from eastern Panama southward into South America and characterized by the com- parative narrowness, or reduced transverse extent of the premolars, above and below; the other, inhabiting western Panama and adjacent parts of Costa Rica and distinguished by the decidedly greater width or transverse extent of these teeth. For the proper application of names to the two closely related forms it is necessary to fix on a type region for the Linnsean species. Since Cebus capucinus (Linnaeus) most probably came from South America, and has been identified with C. hypoleucus (Humboldt), of Colombia, it seems advisable to assign the typical form of the former to the type region of the latter. This disposition of the Linnsean animal leaves the name Cebus imitator Thomas available for the capuchin occupying western Panama. Cebus capucinus will therefore stand subspecifically as follows: Cebus capucinus capucinus (Linnaeus), northern Colombia. Cebus capucinus imitator Thomas, Boquete, Panama. — E. A. Goldman. •Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, XI, April, 1903, p. 376. t Bull, Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., February 29, 1904, p. 80. X Review of the Primates, 1912, p. 84, Vol. XXVII, pp. 103-106 May 11, 1914 PPxOCEEDINGS OF 111 E BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON FOUR NEW MAMMALS FROM TROPICAL AMERICA I'.Y X. HOLLISTER. [Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] S^ An undescribed species of Philander from Middle America, a new subspecies of Nectomys from Paraguay, and two new monkeys of the genus Cebus have been found in the collection of the United States National Museum. Philander centralis sp. now Type from Talamanca, Costa Rica. Adult 9, skin and skull; U. S. National Museum No. H$Jf Collected by Wm. M. Gabb. Characters. — A ricli reddish-colored form, differing from Philander laniger derbianus (Waterhouse) of Colombia* in the much deeper shade of the red markings, the huffy (not grayish) withers mark, and the dark reddish (not grayish) hips and legs; resembles P. I. fervidus Thomas, from Guatemala, but is distinguished by its still richer coloration and by its almost entirely light colored tail. Color of type. — Muzzle, cheeks, and forehead gray ; median facial stripe, eye ring, postorbital stripe, and indistinct area on each side of muzzle dark In-own. Upperparts of body, with exception of large huffy stripe on withers, rich hazel, brightest and most reddish on shoulders, sides, and lower back, palest on central line of rump, where there is an admix- ture of lighter butiy hair-tips; outer sides of legs colored uniformly with back. Anns and underparts of body cream color, the light area extend- ing up on forward sides of body as the dark area of upperparta extends downward posteriorly. Hair of marsupium yellow ocher; naked portion of tail dark for about 20 millimeters beyond upper extension of hair, sparingly mottled slightly farther, and the remaining three-fourths light yellowish to tip. Skull and teeth as in P. I. derbianus, but skull with narrower post- orbital constriction. * See Thomas, Ann. and Mat,'. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 12, p. 358, October, 1913, regard- ing type locality of derbianus. 23— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.. Vol. XXVII, 1914. (103) 104 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Measurements. — Skull of type and skull of a second adult 9 from Chamelicon, Honduras, the latter in parentheses: Condylohasal length, 56 (5(5.8); zygomatic breadth, 33.1 ( — ); length of nasals, 23.1 (24.4); least postorbital constriction, 8.5 (8.7); upper tooth row, entire, 27.8 (28.2); mandible, 39.9 (41.7). The Honduras skin, measured in the flesh by the collector: Total length, 730; tail vertebrae, 435; hind foot, 48. Specimens examined. — Three, two from the type locality and one from Chamelicon, Honduras. Remarks. — The Honduras specimen agrees, in all details of coloration, with the type, except that while the right arm is almost entirely buffy- white, the left is heavily washed with the color of the upperparts. The extent of dark coloring at the base of tail is as in the type (much more restricted, even, than in specimens of derbianus) and shows no approach to P. I. fervidus of Guatemala. Nectomys squamipes pollens subsp. nov. Type from Sapucay, Paraguay. Skin and skull of adult c? (teeth moderately worn ; basal suture not closed), U. S. National Museum No. 121,399; collected July 27, 1902, by Wm. Foster. Orig. No. 800. Characters. — Larger than squamipes, garleppii ,' or mattensis, with con- siderably longer tail and larger hind foot, ear, and skull. Coloration as in garleppii, but cheeks and sides less yellowish, more mixed with blackish, and color of underparts more sharply marked from that of sides. Very much less reddish than true squamipes from the coast of Brazil ; all the ochraceous or reddish colors of squamipes replaced by yellowish-buff, and the underparts much less intensely colored. Tail more hairy than in the related forms. Skull with well developed supra- orbital beads extending backward nearly to line of posterior edge of squamosal root of zygoma ; palatal foramina much constricted anteriorly; posterior edge of palate rounded, and the sides of the interpterygoid space nearly parallel. Measurements of type compared with measurements of a slightly older adult male of N. s. squamipes from Sao Sebastiao, Sao Paulo, Brazil, the latter in parentheses: Head and body, 252 (194); tail, 245 (222); hind foot, without claws, 49 (45); ear from notch in dry skin, 21.8* (19). Skull and teeth: Greatest length of skull, 4G (43.5) ; condylohasal length, 43.4 (40.7); zygomatic breadth, 26 (23.1); nasals, 18 (17.4); least inter- orbital breadth, 7.7 (6.7); palatal foramina, 8.3 x 4.0 (7.4 x 3.2); mandible, 27.2 (23.5); upper molar series, 7.1 (7.0); lower molar series, 7.8(7.3). Remarks. — The Paraguayan form of Nectomys squamipes resembles mat- tensis and garleppii and is much like the latter in color. It is a consider- ably larger animal than mattensis, with a larger skull, and with the base of the bony palate more as in true squamipes. Two specimens from the type locality are in the collection. * Collector's measurement, ear, 25. Hollistei — Four New Mammals from Tropical America. 105 Cebus margaritae sp. nov. L896. Cebus apella Robinson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 18, p. 651 (not dl' Linnaeus). 1902. Cebus fntuellus G. M. Allen, Proc. Biol. Sue. Washington, vol. 15, p. 97 ( not of Linnaeus) . Type from Margarita Island, Venezuela. Skin and skull of old adult 9, United States National Museum No. 63,219. Collected July 13, 1895, by Wirt Robinson. Orig. No. 520. Characters. — Apparently related to Cebus apiculatus Elliot and C.fatu- ellus (Linn.). No whitish on forehead; tufts, entire forehead, crown, nape, whiskers, and line under chin blackish; upper arms clear warm hull' on outer side to elbow; tail blackish, in sharp contrast to color of rump and hips. Color of type. — Face thinly covered with dusky and grayish hairs; forehead from line just above eyes and including well marked tufts, crown, hack of head, and nape black, with narrow brownish underfur; whiskers continuously blackish from crown around under side of throat; upper lip and chin grayish-white; area between whiskers and ear hrownish-gray. Sides of neck and entire upperparts and sides of body dark brown, lightest, most tawny, anteriorly and darkest, almost Prout's brown, posteriorly, the underfur everywhere darker than hair tips ; an indistinct darker, blackish -brown dorsal stripe. Underparts of body much brighter, more reddish, the hairs yellowish at bases and dark reddish-brown near tips. Arms warm buff on outer sides from shoulders to elbows, darker, more reddish-brown, on under sides; forearm and hands blackish, mixed with butt" on outer side to wrist. Hips brown like back, the color extending in a mixed black and brown area to knee, and faintly to ankle; rest of legs and the feet black. Tail all black except at extreme base, where the color blends into brown of body. Measurements of type. — Total length, 7<>1 mm.; tail, 381; hind foot, 110. Skull : Greatest length, Si;.] ; condylobasal length, 68.1; zygomatic breadth, .37.'.*; breadth of braincase, 48. 7; upper molar-premolar row, 23.1; upper tooth row, including canine, 28.2; mandible, 57; mandibular molar-premolar row, 25.4. Remarks. — The single example on which this species is based differs greatly in color from all other specimens of Cebus in the National Mu- seum collection, and from the accounts of all forms I can find described in literature. Cebus capucinus limitaneus subsp. nov. Type from Segovia River, eastern Honduras. No. Iffff, U.S. National Museum; skin and skull of rf adult. Collected in 1887 by C. H. Town- send. Characters. — bike ('thus capucinus imitator Thomas of western Panama and Costa Rica,* but slightly smaller, with decidedly smaller skull. *See Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 27, p. >< nict us (subspecies indet.)." Material has accumulated in the California Museum of Verte- brate Zoology, until there is now fair basis for a study of the situation. There seems abundant justification for naming a new race of Agelaius phoeniceus, and this I do as follows: Agelaius phoeniceus nevadensis subsp. nov. NEVADA REDWTNGED BLACKBIRD Type. — Female adult; No. 8800, Univ. Calif. Mus. Vert. Zool.; Quinn River Crossing, Humboldt County, Xevada; May 17, 1909; collected by W. P. Taylor; orig. Xo. 720. Snbspecific characters. — In shape of bill and other general characters closely similar to A. p. sonoriensis ; male scarcely distinguishable, but female conspicuously darker colored, on account of the great relative breadth of black streaking both above and below; in this respect similar t" female of .1. p. caurinus, but bright rusty edgings on hack and wings replaced by ashy and pale ochraceous; bill in male of caurinus more slender than in either sonoriemis or nevadensis. 24— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.. Vol. XXVII, 1914. U07) 108 Proceedings of the Biological Societg of Washington. Range. — Association ally suitable parts of the Great Basin faunal area, at least in Nevada and northeastern California. Specimens at hand as follows: Nevada: Humboldt County: Quinn River Crossing 22, Big Creek Ranch 2, Virgin Valley 4, Thousand Creek Flat 2; California : Modoc County: Goose Lake 4, Sugar Hill 1, Parker Creek 8, Alturas 11 ; Siskiyou County: Mayten 7; Plumas County: Meadow Valley 1; Inyo County: Lone Pine 1, Independence 17. Total, 80. Remarks. — The new form belongs to the weak-billed category of Red- wings. It is thus easily distinguished from A. p. neutralis of southern California. The full-width huffy bar on the wing in the male, and the conspicuously striped (not blended) coloration of the female render nevadensis distinct from A. p. calif amicus. (For correct assignment of characters and relationships of the latter form, see Mailliard, Condor, vol. 12, 1910, pages 08-70.) A. p. caurinus has the feeblest bill of all the western forms, and the female, although heavily streaked, has much redder edgings to the feathers dorsally than in nevadensis. A. p. sonori- ensis and A. p. nevadensis both have pale "ground-color," but the latter has much wider black streaking both above and below. These facts re- call the situation among the song sparrows occupying corresponding habitats, both faunal and associational, and suggest that similar factors bear upon these remotely related birds in such a way as to produce like results. Vol. XXVII, pp. 109-112 July 10, 1914 PROCEEDINGS ill 1H1. BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW BAT FROM MEXICO. BY GLOVER M. ALLEN. Through the kindness of Dr. James B. Rorer of the Trinidad Department of Agriculture, the Museum of Comparative Zoology has lately received a fine series of alcoholic bats of the em- ballonurid genus Rhynchiscus, collected by Mrs. Rorer on the Caroni River, in the Island of Trinidad. These excellent specimens have led me to make comparison with specimens from eastern Brazil and from the Yucatan Peninsula in the Museum collection. The type locality of Wied's Vespertilio naso is the east coast of Brazil, whence the species ranges north- westward into southern Mexico. At the present time, although three other species have been named (rivalis and saxatilis from Brazil, and lineata from Surinam), these are all currently re- ferred as synonyms to R. naso. A very careful comparison between the Trinidad specimens and a series from Porto Seguro, Brazil, assumed to be typical of naso, fails to show any important structural character whereby the two series may be distinguished. Four specimens from Quintana Roo, southern Mexico, however, differ conspicuously from the Brazilian examples in their smaller skulls and in the form of the anterior upper premolar, which in typical naso is a narrow, slender, lancet-shaped tooth without a distinct cingulum cusp, whereas in the Mexican skulls this tooth in side view is broadly triangular with a distinct cingulum cusp anteriorly and posteriorly. This well-marked race I propose to recognize as Rhynchiscus naso priscus subsp. nov. Type. — skin and skull No. 13,208, Museum of Comparative /oology, from Xcopen, Quintana Roo, Mexico; collected February 18, 1912, by James Lee Peters. 25— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII. 1914. (109) 110 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. General characters. — Similar to typical naso of eastern Brazil, but forearm averaging very slightly smaller ; skull much smaller in size; the anterior upper premolar relatively broad with conspicuous cingulum cusp anteriorly and posteriorly. Color. — Top and sides of the head and the back a mixture of black hairs and of " mummy-brown " hairs with minute white tips, the latter becoming more conspicuous on the lower back so as to produce a broken whitish band transversely. The femora and tibiae, the free portion of the tail, and the proximal half of the interfemoral membrane clothed with rusty hairs (nearly "amber brown" of Ridgway, 1912). At the base of the forearm, internally, is a conspicuous patch of short white hair. A line of rusty hair borders the proximal third or more of the forearm externally, beyond which are some four small tufts of whitish and butt' hairs at 2 or 3 mm. apart. The ventral surface of the body is dull whitish slightly washed with huffy on the belly, the hairs everywhere blackish or slaty at their bases. A small tuft of whitish hairs is present at the anterior base of each ear. Skull ami teeth. — The skull differs strikingly from that of Brazilian specimens in its smaller size and narrower rostrum, and relatively longer and narrower postorbital region. These differences though sufficiently apparent to the eye are difficult to express in millimeters in so small skulls. The anterior upper premolar is characteristic. In Brazilian specimens, representing true naso, this is a slender lancet-shaped tooth, its tip slightly exceeding the cingulum cusp of the canine. It is without trace of a cingulum cusp at either side in some specimens, though in others the posterior cusp is faintly indicated. The tooth is separated from the canine by a space about equal to its own diameter, and from the posterior premolar by about twice that distance. In R. n. priscus this tooth is broad, and its crown is in lateral outline nearly an equi- lateral triangle, the apex of which considerably exceeds the cusp of the canine. A conspicuous cingulum cusp is present at both the anterior and the posterior ends; while so broad is the tooth that it is nearly in contact with the canine. Measurements. — The forearm of the type measures 38.5 mm. In the four specimens from the type locality this dimension averages 38.0 mm. (37.2-39). In the Brazilian specimens it is very slightly more and averages 39.8 in five specimens (38.5-41 ). The following measurements are from an alcoholic topotype (14,637) and those in parentheses are from a specimen from Porto Seguro, Brazil, representing true naso: end of snout to tip of tail, 53 (58); tail, 13 (13.5); tibia, 14.5 (14.5); hind foot with claws, 7.4 (7.3); calcaneum, 19.5 (19.5); forearm, 38.2 (39); second metacarpal, 34 (34); third metacarpal, 37 (36.2) ; fourth meta- carpal, 32 (32); fifth metacarpal, .'11 (29). Skull of the type (and of a Brazilian specimen in parentheses) : greatest length, 12 (12.6); basal length, 9.9 (10.3); zygomatic width, 7.2 (7.7); mastoid width, 6.5 (6.8); interorbital constriction, 2.3 (2.7); upper tooth row (front of canine to back of last molar), 4.6 (5); lower tooth row (front of canine to back of last molar), 4.8 (5). Allen — A New Bat from Mexico. Ill Remarks.— The geographical limits of this race 1 have not traced. Probably it is found throughout most of middle America. In his work mi the families and genera of bats (Bull. V. S. Nat. Mus., No. 57, p. 88, 1007) Mr. G. S. Miller, Jr., figures a skull from the Escondido River, Nicaragua, and evidently bases his diagnosis of the genus on the speci- men, since he mentions particularly the large anterior upper premolar, with its crown in outline nearly an isosceles triangle. This character, as I have shown, is found in the race priseus, hut not in the bat of eastern South America. Probably the specimens from Quintana Roo are from nearly the northern limit of the species. Vol. XXVII, pp. 113-114 July 10, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DIAGNOSIS OF A NEW SUBSPECIES OF GAMBEL'S QUAIL FROM COLORADO.* BY EDGAB A. MEARNS. (Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.) The United States National Museum has recently received from Mr. J. D. Figgins the gift of four beautifully prepared specimens of this very distinct new subspecies of Lophorti/x tint, ,1,11', Gambel. The form may be distinguished as follows: Lophortyx gambelii sanus new subspecies. Type-specimen.— Adult male, Cat. No. 236,328, V. S. Nat. Mus. Col- lected at Olathe, Montrose County, Colorado, December 20, L912, by C. S. Slocum. (Original number, 1210.) Characters. — Size rather larger than the average of Lophortyx gambelii gambelii Gambel or Lophortyx gambelii fulvipectus (Nelson), from which forms it differs in coloration as follows: adult male with upper parts neutral gray (Ridgway, 1912), unwashed with olive; crown chestnut- brown instead of hazel; chest-patch cartridge buff instead of warm buff or chamois. Adult female with upper parts as in the male, differing from gambelii and fulvipectus in having the crown darker (sepia instead of cinnamon-drab); chin and throat darker and more grayish; chest and abdomen pale olive-buff instead of cream color. Measurements of type. — Length of stuffed skin, 255; wing, 11!); tail, L04; culmen (chord), 11; tarsus, 28.5. For detailed measurements see Figgin-'s paper in " The Auk," Vol. XXXI, January, 1914, pp. r,i'-69. * It is the writer's intention to prepare for publication a detailed review of the aphica l forms of Lophortyx gambt Hi < iambel 26— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., VOL. XXVII, 1914. U13) Vol. XXVII, pp. 115-118 July 10, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF Till BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON ELEVEN NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF POCKET GOPHEPvS OF THE GENUS THOMOMYS. BY VERNON BAILEY. The following brief diagnoses of eleven new pocket gophers are published in advance of a monograph of the genus Thomomys, now Hearing completion. The types are all in the Biological Survey Collection in the U. S. National Museum. Thomomys talpoides bullatus subsp. nov. SAGE-BRUSH GOPHER. Type from Powderville, Montana. Adult d\ No. 55,795, U. S. Nat. Mus. . Biological Survey ( !ollection. Collected July 21, 1893, by Dr. A. K. Fisher; original number, 1402. Characters. — Size of talpoides, but with larger audital bullae, lighter dentition and brighter colors. Considerably larger than clusius, with less gray on cheeks. Upperparts light buffy hazel, brightest on crown, ear patch blackish; lowerparts buffy, sometimes with white on chin; feet and tail whitish. Measurements of type. — Total length, 238; tail vertebra?, 72; hind foot, 30. Thomomys talpoides caryi subsp. nov. BIGHORN MOUNTAIN GOPHER. Type from the head of Trapper Creek at 0500 feet altitude in the Big- horn Mountains, Wyoming. Adult $, No. 168,946, U.S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection. Collected June 10, 1910, by Merritt Gary; original number, 1993. Characters. — Size about the same as vlusius, or slightly smaller; skull with smaller bullae and wider interparietal ; colors slightly darker, without gray cheeks. Upperparts dull grayish brown, with plumbeous nose and blackish ear patch; lowerparts rich huffy, with white on chin and some- times on breast; feet soiled whitish; tail gray or huffy witli whitish tip. 27— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (115) 116 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Measurements of type.— -Total length, 196; tail vertebra?, 54; hind foot, 26. More fully adult $ topotype, 203, 58, 28. Thomomys talpoides nebulosus subsp. nov. BLACK HILLS GOPHER. Type from Sand Creek Canyon, Black Hills, Wyoming (Jack Boyden's Ranch, 5 miles above mouth of canyon, at 3750 feet altitude). Adult d\ No. 202,495, U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection. Collected August 25, 1913, by Vernon Bailey; original number, 9508. Char acters. — Size of talpoides, skull slender, less ridged, dentition lighter, bullae slightly more rounded. Color warm brown, much as in fossor. Upperparts dull walnut brown; nose plumbeous or dusky; ear patch blackish; lowerparts huffy, generally with white on chin and some- times on hreast; feet and tail whitish gray or buffy. Measurements of type.— Total length, 230; tail vertebne, 66; hind foot, approximately 32 (27 without claws). Thomomys pryori sp. nov. PRYOR MOUNTAIN GOPHER. Type from thePryor Mountains, Montana, at 6000 feet altitude on head of Sage Creek. Adult &, No. 66,469, U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection. Collected July 16, 1894, by Vernon Bailey; original number, 4646. Characters.— Size of clusius, with low, wide skull, short nasals and projecting incisors. Color darker than that of clusius ; upperparts dull walnut brown, about as in fossor ; nose plumbeous; cheeks dark gray; ear patch black; lowerparts dark butt' with no trace of white in topotype series; feet and tail soiled whitish or butty. Measurements of type. — Total length, 210; tail vertebra?, 60; hind foot, 29. Thomomys bottae minor subsp. nov. MENDOCINO GOPHER. Type from Ft. Bragg, Mendocino Co., California. Adult d\ No. 146,463, U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection. Collected November 30, 1905, by James H. Cant; original number, 4187. characters. — Size smaller than bottae; skull narrower and slenderer with especially slender rostrum and deeply emarginate posterior tip of nasals. Color slightly darker than in bottae ; upperparts dark cinnamon brown, heavily obscured with black, and in most specimens becoming almost black on nose, face, and around ears; feet white; tail grayish; lowerparts ochraceous-buff; lips and lining of cheek pouches usually white. Measurements of type. — Total length, 226; tail vertebra?, 73; hind foot, 29. Bailey — EU m n N( w Spt cies and Subspecies of Pocket Gophers. 117 Thomomys neglectus sp. nov. s.\X GABRIEL GOPHER. ' Type from San Antonio Peak ( Bear Flat Meadows at 6400 feet altitude) in the San Gabriel Mountains, California. A. lull o\ No. 137,869, U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection. Collected July 23, 1905, by James II. Gaut; original number, :'>7I!». Characters. — Size medium, skull long and narrow with almost straight dorsal outline. Color very dark with excess of clear black; upperparts dark gray produced by a heavy mixture of Mack-tipped hairs over dull IhiH:'; nose, face, and ear patch blackish; tail gray, feet whitish; lower- parts dull buff. Measurements of type. — Total length, 229; tail vertebrae, 77; hind foot, 31 ( 32 measured dry). Thomomys mearnsi * sp. nov. MEARNS GOPHER. Type from Gray's Ranch in Animas Valley, southwest corner of New Mexico. Adult d\ No. 157,008, U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection. Collected August 10, 1908, by E.A.Goldman; original num- ber, 19,939. Charach rs. — Slightly smaller than fulvus ; skull short and wide with very slender, projecting incisors, much as in nelsoni. Color, upperparts dull cinnamon with blackish nose and ear patches; lowerparts pale cin- namon; tail buffygray; feet whitish. Measurements of type. — Total length, 220; tail vertebra^, 67; hind foot, 31. Thomomys fuscus columbianus subsp. nov. COLUMBIA GOPHER. Type from Touchet, Walla Walla County, Washington. Adult c? , No. f-f iff' U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection. Collected September 10, 1890, by Clark I'. Streator; original number, 2:>4. Characters. — Size much larger than fuscus, slightly larger than quad- ratus ; skull heavier than that of quadratus ; colors paler than either, about as in fisheri. Upperparts light fawn color or buffygray; sides and belly pale butty gray; ear and postauricular patch black; nose slaty; tail gray with white tip; feet whitish. , Measurements of type. — Total length. 209; tail vertebra?, 60; hind foot, 28. Thomomys fuscus saturatus subsp. nov. COEUR D'ALENE (iOPHER. Type from Silver (near Sal tese) in the western corner of Missoula County, Montana, at 4300 feet altitude, in the Coeur d'Alene Mountains. Adult * I take pleasure in naming this gopher for Dr. E. A. Mearns, who has contributed so much to our knowledge of the mammals along the northern boundary of Mexico. 118 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. d\ No. fflfi, U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection. Collected June 20, 1891, by Clark P. Streator; original number, 079. Characters. — Considerably larger than fuscus ; skull long and high with narrow braincase and wide nasals. Color darker and richer than in fuscus ; upperparts dark hazel, becoming more yellowish on sides, and this shading into buffy wash on lowerparts; ear patches black; nose plumbeous; feet and tail huffy gray. There is rarely a trace of white on chin or throat. Measurements of type. — Total length, 225; tail vertebrae, 77; hind foot, ?,0. Thomomys fuscus loringi subsp. now ALBERTA GOPHER. Type from South Edmonton, Alberta. Adult d\ No. 68,746, U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection. Collected September 23, 1894, by J. A. Loring; original number, 2437. Characters. — Similar to fuscus hut slightly larger and duller colored, with relatively heavier dentition, and small, circular interparietal; ears small and pointed as in the fuscus group. Color in winter pelage (Sep- tember 23): Upperparts dull russet brown, becoming rich buff on sides; nose slaty gray; small ear patch black; lowerparts rich buffy over plum- beous; chin and small spot on breast white; feet soiled whitish; tail pale buffy. Other pelages not known. Measurements of type . — Total length, 199; tail vertebra3, 47; hind foot, 25. Thomomys nevadensis atrogriseus subsp. now SNAKE RIVER GOPHER. Type from Nampa, Idaho. Adult d\ No. 181,196- TJ. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection. Collected March 15, 1913, by L. E. Wyman; original number, 35. Characters. — About the size of /// rudensis and also dichromatic, but darker colored in gray phase and blacker in melanistic phase. Skull relatively wider at base and with shorter, thicker pterygoids. Color in gray phase: Upperparts dark buffy gray or sooty buff; nose and face blackish; ear patch black; feet and tail dirty gray ; lowerparts washed with rich buff; cheek pouches lined with black and white; chin white. Color in black phase: Dull slaty black all over except white patch on chin and white toes, and usually lower part of feet. Measurements of type. — Total length, 315; tail vertebrae, 100; hind foot, 38. Vol. XXVII, pp. 119-122 July 10, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW ACCIPITER FROM PORTO RICO WITH NOTES ON THE ALLIED FORMS OF CUBA AND SAN DOMINGO. BY ALEX WETMORE. A small accipiter secured in recent field work in Porto Rico proves to he a distinct form and may be known as Accipiter striatus venator now subspecies. Characters. — Adult male, similar to adult male of Accipiter striatus striatus of San Domingo but much darker above and more deeply colored below. Thighs more rufescent, black bars on upper side of tail distinct and heavily marked, brown of underparts deeper, black shaft-streaks of feathers much more heavily defined, slightly smaller. ( Female not seen. ) Description . — Type, adult male, No. 238,370, [J. S. National Museum (Biological Survey Collection). The Cerro Gordo, Maricao, Porto Rico; collected May 30, 1912, by Alex Wetmore; original No. 2010. Above dusky neutral gray,* darker on head, feathers with black shaft streaks, bordered indistinctly with pale neutral gray; center of belly and under tail coverts white ; throat white tinged with buff, shafts heavily lined with black ; breast ami belly except in center white heavily barred with tawny and deep to dark mouse gray, the two colors in places intermingled in the same bar; shafts of feathers black; sides of neck, sides, flanks and thighs hazel, barred on sides, flanks and thighs more or less with white; sides of throat and auricular region cinnamon buff, shafts lined with black; primaries black barred with white underneath; bend of wing washed on inside with warm buff; feathers immediately behind cere brownish; rectrices, above mouse gray crossed by three broad black bars, slightly tipped with white; below, whitish showing 4 blackish bars, the inner one partly concealed by the under tail-coverts ; the three longest upper tail- coverts indistinctly tipped with white; three of the tertials on each side with large, concealed white spots; nape with a concealed white spot. Bill black; cere blackish slate; tarsus and feet dusky green gray; inside of toes yellowish; claws black. (From dried skin. ) •Robert Ridgway, Color Standards and Color Nomenclature (1912),, January 16, 1913. 28— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1911. (119) 120 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Measurements. — Male,* wing 145 mm., tail 116, tarsus 43, middle toe with claw 34, exposed culmen 16, cuhnen from cere 10.8. Geographical distribution. — Porto Rico (Ma'ricao, on western end of the island, elevation 1500 feet). Remarks. — The single specimen upon which this description is based constitutes the only record of this genus in Porto Rico. One other bird was seen in the same locality but was not secured. In studying this bird I have been able to bring together the following material: three specimens from San Domingo, an adult and an immature male and an adult female ; and an adult and an immature male from Cuba. The birds from Cuba and San Domingo until now have been considered the same, though I do not believe that they have been critically compared before. For many years they wrere known collectively as Accipiter fringilloides Vigors, described in 1827. t Recently Mr. J. H. Riley + called attention to the fact that this was antedated by Accipiter striatus Vieillot § so that for four years they have borne this name. As might have been expected, on careful examination the birds from Cuba and San Domingo are found to be distinct forms so that now the following three subspecies may be recognized: Accipiter striatus striatus Vieillot, San Domingo (Honduras, Catare, and Miranda in San Domingo; Lecoup near Port au Prince, Haiti). Accipiter striatus fringilloides Vigors, Cuba (Guantanamo, Guama, San Diego de los Banos, Bayamo). Accipiter striatus venator Wetmore, Porto Rico (Maricao). The characters of these three forms may be conveniently expressed by means of the following key : a. Deep neutral gray above; abdomen white; thighs white, faintly barred with mouse gray ; no concealed white spot on inner tertials ; sides of upper breast rood's brown ; forehead distinctly tinged with hazel. Accipiter striatus fringilloides. aa. Dark or dusky neutral gray above; center of abdomen white, sides barred with brown ; thighs white, heavily barred with hazel or pecan brown mixed with dark purplish gray ; a large concealed white 'spot on three inner tertials on each side; sides of upper breast hazel; no hazel on forehead. b. Dark neutral gray above ; upper side of tail with dark bars indistinct; black shaft marks of feathers on underside less distinct; thighs barred with pecan brown intermixed with distinct dark purplish gray. Accipiter striatus striatus. bb. Dusky neutral gray above; upper side of tail with sharply defined black bars; black shaft marks of feathers under- neath strongly defined ; thighs hazel barred with white. Accipiter striatus venator. * Type, no other seen. tZool. Journ. Ill, 1827. p. 434 (type from near Havana, Cuba^. t Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. XXIII, p. 77. §Ois. Am. Sept., 1, 1807, p. 42, pi. 14 (type from San Domingo). Wetmore—A New Accipiter from Porto Rico. 121 The immature bird of Accipiter s. striatus examined is approximately dark mouse gray above while the immature Cuban bird is deep mouse gray. Both have a brownish wash over the ground color. The bird from San Domingo has in addition the thighs more heavily barred. w ■— -^ DO z - x t. o s « 30 < •avbio qiiM i~ u: eoj a[p,'j\[ o • - OS 00 OS CS us iO us >ns.n?x to < o OS I> :s — o Tf ■* ■* aiso uio.ij -r 00 00 lUMiqn, i s o ?i iH o ~ ■uaiu[n.) US pasoi\ | r~ us Oi » T-* to i - ■— 00 rH o to ■l!"X -\ r-l ^ M CO rH — 1-1 -— iH 1-1 iH ■3i«M 7 us us i-4 >— ■ rH ' «H rH rH i- '" iCl to pH IN OJ o» Os □O o X 00 cc ;» 5 .—1 rH r- 1 rH ^^ 33 4J n" EC n t> -r o ~l re - * •g ,*-, 4-J 03 ^ -^ C. CO a [C3 3 O o C 5 5 ft B od _S cS o t-l - ~ T8 X _. X &> o = o — — ■S . Jj n c ^ P «w Ph JJ — to •1. Cfi 03 ?> CO X r-o 3 O X 1 <3 1- 0 +3 i cS d o - M *— i g "" »-J ^ " — « — -0 r«* rrj g d 7z - 5 •^ d3 o3 ■"" 03 it 03 J - 33 CO a) ?< 09 og ~ ~ 33 c3 X gj 2 *-i ^ PH EC 93 - 03 0) ™ 03 tH 5 3 C 1 1 > o = = £ c d CO ^ "J -_ — " cc < . Tylua not sulcate. E. Clavus parallel-sided, commissure distinct. Germalus Stal. EE. Clavus attenuate at apex, commissure lacking. Sic n ophthalmicus Costa.* DD. Tylus sulcate; Thorax much narrowed in front, part of head bearing eye extended laterally and constricted so that eye appears almost stalked; Bucculae small ; second joint of beak subequal to first, thoracic cal- losities continuous or interrupted by only a few scattered punctures; scutellum notably longer than wide, almost plane, uniformly, but sparsely punc- tate; Clavus distinctly narrowed behind, commis- sure short. Isthmocoris new genus. Type species: Saldapicea Say ; included species: the type, Geocoris imperialis Distant and G. tristis Stal.f BB. Eyes not at all pedicillate. Geocoris Fallen. t Key to the Nearctic genera and species. A. Eyes entirely Iaterad of point of apparent junction of head and thorax; second joint of beak not noticeably shorter than first. Isthmocoris. B. Punctures on corium mostly confined to the margins, chiefly near clavus. i". imperialis Distant. BB. Corium more uniformly punctate. I. piceus Say. AA. Eyes not so protruding; second joint of beak noticeably shorter than first. Geocoris. C. Scutellum with lateral callosities; anterior angles of pro- notum evenly rounded. G. punctipes Say. CC. Scutellum without lateral callosities; anterior angles of pronotum usually truncate or angulately rounded. 1». Scutellum obviously longer than wide (sometimes subequilateral in small specimens of G. bullatus Say and var. discopterus Stal), strongly convex or in part elevated, almost always bicolor. Puton, A, et Lethierry, L. Hemipteres aouveaux de L'Algerie. Revue D'En- tomologie. VI, L887, p. 301. Montandon suggests (Annates Musei Nationalis Hungarici, V, I9u7, p. 90) that these species should be assigned to the genus Germalus Stal. There are objections to thi- course, however. '.'< rmalus i- described as having the bucculae distinctly elevated anteriorl3 . the cla \ us with sides parallel, and the tylus not sulcate. Isthmocoris impe- and piceus, on the other hand, have the bucculae not more prominent than in our species of Gt ocoi is, the clavus distinctly narrowed behind, and the tylus sulcate. I For key bo subgenera of Geocoris, see Stal, C, Genera Lygaeidarum Europae disposuit. Ofv. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Forh., 1872, No. 7. pp. 15-46. 128 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. E. Upper surface more depressed, pronotum less convex, sometimes sunken in the middle be- hind callosities; scutelluin not evenly and strongly convex, either low convex with median smooth line elevated, the scutellum therefore somewhat roof-shaped, or sometimes elevated at or near hase, or with a Y-shaped elevated area. Ground color more grayish. G. bullatus Say. EE. Upper surface more convex; pronotum rounded, sometimes sub-depressed; scutellum very con- vex, evenly rounded, median line usually scarcely elevated, or elevated Y-shaped area sometimes present. Ground color more yel- lowish. G. decoratus Uhler. DD. Scutellum about equilateral (subequilateral in G. atricolor Montandon), smoothly low convex, or almost plane; almost always unicolor. F. Head almost smooth, with a sharply im- pressed line running from near apex of tylus well up on vertex. G. scudderi Stal. FF. Head granular, impressed line when present, broader, less distinct and interrupted at base of tylus. G. Median smooth line of pronotum well defined, percurrent or nearly so, and slightly carinate. G. carinatus new species. GG. Median smooth line of pronotum poorly defined, usually incomplete and not at all carinate. H . Form more oblong, pronotum more elongate, scutellum narrower; piceouswith a steely bluish glint, pale margins of hemelytra us- ually narrow or lacking. G. atricolor Montandon. HH. Form more oval, pronotum more transverse, scutellum strictly equilateral; without steely blu- ish glint, more or less broad margins of hemelytra pale. G. uliginosus Say. McAtee — Key to Nearrtir Gnirru or fewer punctures. bullatus var. discopterus Stal. lil i. Scutellum entirely black. bull/tins var. obscuratus Montandon. aa. Averaging; larger, corium entirely fuscous to piceous. bullatus var. borealis Dallas. Qeocoris bullatus var. bullatus Say. Loc. cit. Ophthalmicus griseus Dallas, List ... of Hemipterous Insects . . . of the British Museum, Part II, 1852, p. 585 [North America]. Ground culm- griseous to light yellow, head usually with much black, :\ spots on hind margin, spot at base, and three on upper surface of tylus and cheeks, and spots usually present in callosities, yellow to orange; hand across pronotum in region of callosities (sometimes pronotum in general), basal region, middle line and apical part of scutellum black; membranal margin of corium fuscous or with fuscous spots. Pronotum, scutellum and clayus and marginal parts of corium copiously dark punc- tured, dark color sometimes reducing or obscuring the spots or vittae on scutellum and other parts of ground color usually clear. A brachypterous specimen has the fore part of pronotum and scutellum piceous, upper surface of these and hemelytra heavily dark punctured throughout, and head, and legs light reddish brown. Length 3.25 to 4.25 mm. Range: .Maine to Minnesota, Colorado, ('ali- fornia, Mississippi and Maryland. Qeocoris bullatus var. discopterus Stal. Geocoris discopterus Stal, Enumeratio Hemipterorum, 4, Kgl. Svenska Vet. Akad. Hand). 12, No. I, 1874, p. 136 [New Jersey]. A small, coarsely punctate, brachypterous form which intergrades with variety bullatus. 132 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Large quadrate spot on head, or sometimes whole head black, in latter case, set off by a few yellow points, as ocelli, eye-margins, spots on tylus, etc. ; pronotum usually piceous around callosities, general color elsewhere, two spots or vittae on scutellum, and most of coriinn, straw to yellow; corium usually more or less infuscate on disk. Length 2.75 to 3.25 mm. Range: From Massachusetts and New Jersey to Colorado. Geocoris bullatus var. obscuratus Montandon. Geocoris bullatus var. obscuratus Montandon, Especes nouvelles ou pen connues du genre Geocoris Fall. Bui. Soc. Sci. Bucarest XVI, Nos. 5-6, Sept.-Dec. L907, p. 220 [Boulder, Colorado]. Scutellum, anterior half of pronotum, and head excepting apex of tylus black. Coloration otherwise and form as in typical variety. Geocoris bullatus var. borealis Dallas. Ofjltthahnicits borealis Dallas, Ilemipterous Insects ... of the British Museum. II, 1852, p. 585. [North America.] Geocoris borealis Distant, Biologia Centrali-Americana Heteroptera I, 1882, p. 199. [Volcan de Agua, Guatemala.] Distant says (loc. cit. ) : "All the Central American specimens . . . are constant in character ami of the form described by Mr. Dallas, of which I have examined the type." Distant's figure (Plate 18, fig. 17) shows the corium to he elderly fuscous, a point not mentioned in the original description, but which characterizes a giant race of Geocoris bullatus found in the north and in high mountains farther south. This distribu- tion indicates that borealis is entitled to subspecific rank, but settling of this point may well await further accumulation of material. The use of the term borealis for this race rests chiefly on Mr. Distant's action subsequent to examination of the type. The original description is very like that of grise.us I 'alias, which is placed as a synonym of bullatus. Should griseus and hurra/is prove to he the same thing, as seems likely from the original descriptions, the former has precedence. The single specimen in the U. S. National Museum is from Ungava Bay, Labrador. Length 4.5 mm. Geocoris decoratus [Thler. Geocoris decoratus Uhler, Report upon the insects collected by P. R. Uhler during the explorations of 1875, including monographs of the families Cydnidae and Saldae, and the Hemiptera collected by A. S. Packard, Jr., M. D., Bui. U. S. Geol. and Geogr. Survey of the Ter- ritories, Vol. Ill, No. 2, 1877, pp. 410-411. [Clear Creek Canon, Colorado.] No unequivocal structural character could be found to separate decoratus from bullatus. Everything seems to intergrade. Yet decoratus looked at in mass is a different thing from bullatus. It is longer proportionally, McAtet — Key to Nearctic Gent ra and Species of Geocorinse. 133 the scutellum always being notably longer than wide at base. The sides of the body are noticeably more nearly parallel than in bullatus. The ground color is more yellowish, and the surface mure polished, this being especially noticeable in the hemelytra. The varieties may he separated as follows: a. Scutellum almost wholly black ; a wedge-shaped area, consisting of scutellum and parts anterior included in a triangle with scutellum at apex, largely piceous. decoratus var. decoratus Uhler. aa. Scutellum with obvious yellow vittae ; pronotum with two longitudinal hands of dark color, one on each side of middle, these tending to disappear, decoratus var. solutus Montandon. Geocoris decoratus var. decoratus Uhler. The typical variety is strikingly colored, the piceous wedge covering head, tnosl of pronotum and scutellum contrasting strongly with the clear margins of pronotum and the almost wholly pale hemelytra. The piceous color is sometimes much diluted on pronotum, but specimens in which the outlines of the wedge shaped marking are preserved are classed with decoratus. Scutellum sometimes with two yellow spots. Length 3 to 4mm. Range: From Kansas to British Columbia, California and Texas. Geocoris lividipennis Stal. Hemiptera Mexicana, Entomologische Zeitung (Stettin), 23, Nos. 7-9, July-Sept., 1862, p. 311. [Mexico.] The figure of the type of this species given by Distant* represents the scutellum of lividipennis as heing longer than wide. The species there- fore belongs in the bullatus-decoratus group. The color characters, so far as the figure shows, pertain either to G. decoratus or to G. bullatus var. obscuratun. The name lividipennis would preoccupy either of these designations, but examination of the type is necessary before any change can intelligently be made. Geocoris decoratus var. solutus Montandon. Geocoris decoratus var. solutus Montandon, Bui. Soc. Sci. Bucarest, XVI, Nos. 5-6, Sept.-Dec, 1907, pp. 223-224. When the spots on scutellum are enlarged so as to deserve the name vittae, the dark color on pronotum usually becomes broken up into two more or less definite hands, one on each side of the middle, running from posterior border to the dark hand in region of callosities. The tendency to paleness is sometimes carried to such an extreme that there remain only trace- of the bands in the form of dusky spots on hind margin of pronotum and ring-like traces about callosities. The baseand middle line ■ •I scutellum usually retain their dark color. Length 3 to 4 mm. Range: From Kansas and Colorado to California and Texas. Geocoris pallens Stal (<")fv. Kid. Vet. Akad. Forh. 11, No. 8, 1854, p. 236; Kgl. Svenska Fregatten Kugenies Resa Zool. I, 1859, p. 250; Enum. Ihmip. 4, Kgl. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd. 12, No. 1, 1874, p. Kit; [Cali- •Biolosia Centrali- Americana, Hemiptera-Hoteroptera, I, 1882, PI. 17. tiff. 27. 134 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. fornia] ) probably is the same as G. decoratus var. solutus. If this be true the name of the species will stand as Geocoris pallens Stal, and what is here called G. decoratus Uhler will have to assume a varietal name, cither lividipennis Stal or decoratus Uhler according to the result of clear- ing up the confusion between those two names. These changes should not be made, however, unless examination of Stal' s material confirms the above suggestions. -■&»v Geocoris scudderi Stal. Geocoris scu. :v.\7 [United States]. Ophthalmicus niger Dallas, Hemipterons Insects. . , of the British Museum, II. 1852, p. 586. [North America.] 'I'h is species includes a number of color varieties which may he separated by the following key. a. Head piceous. 1>. Pronotum piceous, sometimes with traces of lighter color along sides, c. Outer margins of hemelytra narrowly margined with fuscous, testaceous or white, or with narrow translucent edge. uliginosus var uliginosus Say. ri\ Hemelytra broadly margined with white or whitish. uliginosus var lateralis Fieber. lih. Pronotum more or less broadly margined with testaceous or lighter color. Pronotum and hemelytra broadly margined with testaceous or whitish. Hemelytra sometimes entirely pale. uliginosus var. speculator Montandon. aa. Head light reddish brown or testaceous. Pronotum and hemelytra broadly margined with testaceous or lighter color. Hemelytra sometimes entirely pale. tiliginoms var limbatus Stal. Geocoris uliginosus var. uliginosus Say. hoc. cit. Length 3to4mm. Range: From New York to Washington, California, Texas and Florida. Geocoris uliginosus var. lateralis Fieber. Ophthalmicus lateralis Fieber, AViener Ent. Monats. V, 1861, p. 271 [Pennsylvania]. Length ?> to 4 mm. Additional to type locality: Missouri. Geocoris uliginosus var. speculator Montandon. Geocoris uliginosus var. speculator Montandon, Bui. Soc. Sci. Bucarest, XVI. Nos. 5-6, Sep. -Dec, 1907, pp. 227-228 [St. Louis, Mo.; Lowell, Mass.; Buffalo, X. V.: British Columbia]. Geocoris howardi Montandon, Ibid, pp.229-231. [Marquette, Michigan.] 136 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Length 3.25 to 4 mm. Range: Massachusetts to British Columbia, Cali- fornia, and Texas. Geocoris uliginosus var. limbatus Stal. Geocoris limbatus Stal. Enum. Hemip. 4, 1S74, p. 136. [New Jersey, Illinois.] Length 3 to 4 mm. Range: Massachusetts ami New York to Illinois. All specimens seen are more or less hrachypterous, thus having a more oval appearance than is usual in the species. Vol. XXVII, pp. 137-140 July 10, 1914 PROCEEDINGS "I THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PROBEZZIA, WITH DESCRIP- TION OF A NEW SPECIES. (DlPTERA.) BY J. R. MALLOCH. [Published by permission of the state Entomologist of Illinois.] The following table includes all the described North American species of the genus Probezzia, and is presented with a view to assisting students of Diptera in identifying their specimens. The genus belongs to the family Chironomidse, subfamily Ceratopogonina?, and is distinguished from Bezzia by the absence of femoral spines. 1. Apex of wing brown, third vein reaching to almost nine-tenths of the wing length terminalis Coquillett. Apex of wing clear 2 2. Yellow or whitish species . 3 Thorax ami generally the abdomen black, the former often covered with pale pruinescence . - 4 :'>. Pale yellow, almost white, species, only the last tarsal joint black; media sessile ... . pallida, n. sp. Yellow species; abdomen with brown fasciae on the bases of dorsal and black fasciae on apices of ventral segments; legs yellow, apices of hind femora, bases of hind tibiae, and apices of all tibia? and of all tarsal joints blackened; media petiolate . elegantula Johannsen. 4. Scutellum yellow 5 Scutellum concolorons with disc of mesonotum 7 Y Large species, 3. 7o mm.; media forks proximad of the cross vein jtachymerus Williston. Smaller species, 2.5 mm. or less; media forks at or beyond the cross vein . 6 6. Small species, 1 mm. ; fifth tarsal joint of hind legs 3 times as long as fourth; media forks slightly beyond the cross vein inermis Coquillett. Larger species, 2 mm.; fifth tarsal joint of hind legs about twice as long as fourth; media forks at cross vein ... glaber Coquillett. 31— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (137) 138 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . 7. Fifth joint of hind tarsus spinose ventrally 8 Fifth joint of hind tarsus unspined 10 8. Knob of halteres black, stalk yellow; abdomen white; legs black, the basal joint of tarsi white albiventris Loew. Knob of halteres yellow or white 9 9. Eyes widely separated; legs whitish, blackened on apical half of femora, apices of hind tibia3, and apices of all tarsal joints elegans Coquillett. Eyes almost contiguous; legs black, yellow on apices of coxse, tro- chanters, and bases of femora; basal 4 joints of tarsi whitish smithi Coquillett. 10. Mesonotum opaque, fuscous opnca Loew. Mesonotum glossy black 11 11. Mesonotum with 2 whitish, pruinose vittse . . . bivittata Coquillett. Mesonotum unstriped 12 12. Abdomen yellow on basal half; legs chiefly yellow; apex of first vein not before middle of third vein flavonigra Coquillett. Abdomen wholly black; legs chiefly black ; apex of first vein dis- tinctly before middle of third vein gibber Coquillett. It will be necessary to use this table with a certain degree of caution, particularly in the character of the presence or absence of spines on the ventral surface of the last tarsal joint. I have found it to be a rule that where the female has no ventral spines on this joint they are absent in the male also; but the presence of spines on the last joint of the female tarsus is not an infallible indication of their presence in the male. Probezzia pallida n. sp. Female. — Whitish yellow; apical half of antenna? brownish; disc of postnotum slightly infuscated ; last tarsal joint of all legs and tarsal claws black; inner side of hind tibias at apices with a black comb. Wings clear, veins yellow. Halteres pale yellow. Hairs on body and legs whitish. Eyes narrowly separated; basal joint of antenna; small, globose; joints of flagellum elongated, the apical five noticeably longer than the others, the entire length of antenna one and a half times that of head and thorax combined, antennal hairs short; proboscis shorter than height of head. Mesonotum with sparse short setulose hairs arranged serially on the spaces between the areas generally occupied by the thoracic vittse in other Chironomida?; scutellum with scattered setulose hairs, which are not confined to the margin. Abdomen slender, its length slightly exceeding that of head and thorax combined; surface almost devoid of hairs. Legs slender ; femora and tibiae with weak hairs, those on the hind tibia? strongest ; basal joint of hind tarsus as long as the next four together, exclusive of the claws, fourth joint very short, fifth as long as 3 + 4, its ventral surface with two rows of rather long spines ; tarsal claws about equal in length to fifth joint, subequal on all legs, each with a long sub- Malloch — Synopsis of the Genus Probezzia. 139 basal tooth. Third vein extends almost to apex of wing; media forks proximad of the cross vein, base of Lower branch subobsolete. Length, 2.5 nun. Type locality.— Muncie, Illinois, May 24, 1914 (C. A. Hart and .!. I>. Mai K.cli). Paratypes: Monticello, Illinois, June 21, L914 (J. R. Malloch). In collection Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. None of the species have been described in the immature stages, and the habits of the adults are unrecorded. The writer has taken several species by sweeping vegetation adjacent to streams at the two localities above mentioned. Vol. XXVII, pp. 141-144 July 10, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF II I I BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF FOUR NEW MAMMALS FROM TROPICAL AMERICA. BY X. HOLLISTER. [Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] The following new forms of Neotropical Mammals have been found in the collection of the United States National Museum. Ateles tricolor sp. nov. Type from Santa Efigenia, Oaxaca, .Mexico. Adult $ , skin and skull, I'. S. National Museum, No. |ff|. Collected January 14, 1869, by F. fiumichrast. Orig. No. 42. ' General characters. — Differs from Ateles pan, of Guatemala, in having the upper hack and shoulders distinctly lighter, more brownish, than head and nape; lower hack, rump, and flanks sharply yellowish-buff, not brown; tail with stripe of yellowish-buff along under side for one- third to one-half its length; throat buffy, not blackish-brown. Pela%e much shorter, especially on shoulders and flanks. Color of type- sped men. — Forehead, crown, and nape black; sides of head grayish, mixed huff' and black hairs; long hairs of the forward part of back dark bister; lower back, rump, flanks, and hips yellowish-buff, almost old-gold or clay-color in the richer marked areas along upper flanks and hips; chin thinly haired with buff and black; throat and entire underparts of body pale yellowish-bufl ; upper arms brownish-black above, yellowish-hull' below; forearms and hands hlack ; outer side of legs 'lark yellowish-buff or clay-color below hips, blending through brown to clear hlack half way to knee; lower legs and feet hlack; inner sides of legs dark yellowish-buff to near heel; tail dark blackish-brown above at base, becoming clear hlack at tip, with a stripe of yellowish-buff along under side from root to about one-third the length. Skull and teeth. — Skull much like that of Ahhx pan; middle upper incisor teeth distinctly larger. Measurements <>{ type, from well made dry skin. — Head and body, 440; tail, 710. Skull and t.-eth of type (old adult 9 ) : Total length of skull, 109; occipitonasal length, 95.6; condylobasal length, 81.4; palatal length, 32— Biol. Proc. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (141) 142 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 31.9; zygomatic breadth, 64.1; breadth of braincase, 54.8; maxillary molar-premolar row, 25.4 ; combined width middle upper incisors, 10.4 ; mandible, 63.4; mandibular molar-premolar row, '21. '1. Remarks. — Of late years the spider monkeys of Guatemala and southern Mexico have been combined by authors as a single variable species, under the name vellerosus or pan. The excellent series in the United States National Museum collection proves, it would seem, that they are really distinct, and certainly much less variable than has been supposed. Great confusion has arisen from the use of specimens, in European and American Museums, with imperfect data. Three fine adult specimens from Guatemala and a large series from various points in southern Mexico (including the specimens in the Biological Survey collection) have been compared, and the animals from the two regions are so different that it seems improbable that they are only geographic races of a single species. The Guatemalan Ateles pan is a large, long-haired, blackish monkey, distinctly of only two colors above, the head and fore parts of body black, the rump and lower back brownish. The Mexican form is distinctly tricolor above, head black, fore parts of body brown, lower back and rump sharply saddled with yellowish-hull'. There are also numerous constant minor differences as described above. Doctor Elliot has shown* that all the names, with the exception of pan, which have been used for the spider monkeys of this region, really apply to South American forms. Procyon lotor crassidens subsp. nov. Type from Talamanca, Costa Rica. Adult [&], skin and skull (basal and nasal sutures not closed), U. S. National Museum No. KriH- Col- lected by William M. Gabb. Orig. No. 14. General characters. — Like Procyon lotor hernandeziioi southern .Mexico and Guatemala, but with decidedly larger molariform teeth. Color of I ype -specimen. — Face markings sharply drawn, brownish- black and whitish. Upperparts from crown to base of tail dark blackish- gray, the coat short and harsh; underfur dull Front's brown, hairs ringed with buff and tipped with black; a distinct narrow line of black from between ears to withers. Arms, hands, and feet huffy ; legs like- back and hips. Tail ringed with black and pale orange-yellow, the tip black. Skull and teeth. — Skull essentially as in Procyon lotor hernandezii; the molariform teeth all decidely larger. Measurements of type, from well made dry skin. — Head and body, 600; tail, 325; hind foot, 118. Skull: Condylobasal length, 123; palatal length, 77.1; zygomatic breadth, 75.5; nasals, greatest length, 34.5; interorbital breadth, 25.7; mastoid breadth, 65.8; mandible, 91.3. Teeth, Upper row, c-m2, 48; pm3-ni2, 31; pmt-m1, 25.1; width pm*, 10; width m1, 10.5; lower row, pmi-mz, 46.4. * Rev. Primates, vol. 2. pp. 21-48, 1913. Hollister — New Mammals from Tropical America. 11:5 Remarks. — Specimens examined, two from Costa Rica. This form shows ii" approach toward the diminutive raccoon of Panama, Procyon pumilu8 Miller. Mustela meridana sp. nov. Type from sierra de Merida ( L630 m.) near Merida, Venezuela. Adult rf , skin and skull (basal and nasal sutures closed), U. S. National Museum No. 123,341. Collected August L4, 1903, by S. Bricefio. <,< in ml characters. — Like Mustela affinis of Panama and Colombia but much lighter colored, more brown, less blackish; head and nape dark brown, not pure black ; underparts less intensely colored. The difference in size between the sexes is much greater than in M. affinis; c? about size of { type. — Total length, 500; tail, 248; hind foot, 40.6. Skull: Palatal length, 25.7; zygomatic breadth, 27.4; median length nasals, 14.6; greatest breadth nasals, 6.7; least breadth nasals, 4.2; mastoid breadth, 20.9; least interorbital breadth, 14.6; greatest length mandible, 3ti. Upper tooth row, alveoli, 12.7; lower tooth row, 11.7. Remarks. — This species is based on a single specimen, from which the tail is now missing. For the loan of specimens of Loncheres punctatus from the type locality, Caicara, Venezuela, I am indebted to the American Museum of Natural History, through Dr. .1. A. Allen. Vol. XXVII, pp. 145-150 July 10, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF I'll I BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON GENERAL NOTES. THE SYSTEMATIC NAME OF THE PACIFIC WALRUS. The Pacific walrus is usually known as Odobenus obesus (Illiger, 1815) upon the strength of Illiger's Trichechus obesus in the Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1804-IS11 (1815) Phys. Klasse, pp.64, 70, and 75. An examina- tion nf Illiger's paper, entitled " Ueberblick der Saugthiere nach ihrer Vertheilung iiher die Welttheile " shows that Trichechus obesus is an absolute nomen nudum without any trace of diagnosis, indication, or literary reference whatsoever. On page 68 of the same memoir, however, Illiger gives a perfectly tenable name to the same animal in the following sentence: "Ausser dem schon bei Europa erwahnten Wallross, Trichechus Rosmnrus, findetsichan der westlichen Nord-Amerikanischen und nahen Ost-Asiatisclien Kiiste, und dem Eise dieser Meere, vielleicht aher auch an der ganzen Kiiste des Eismeers das von Cook beschriebene und abgebildete Wallross, das ich wegen mehrerer Yersehiedenheiten, beson- ders der Hauzahne, als eigne Art unter dem Namen divergens aufgefuhrt habe." The reference to Cook's description and figure relates unquestionably to the " Sea Horse " of Cook's " Third Voyage." * On pp. 457-460 of vol. 2 of the original quarto edition, and on pp. 40-44 of vol. 3 of the abridged octavo edition which was published simultaneously, Capt. Cook gives an account of the walrus killed at lat. 70° fi' N., long. 196° 42 ' E. This locality, roughly, between 30 and 40 miles southwest of Icy Cape, northern Alaska, is therefore the type-locality, and the proper name of the Pacific walrus will stand as Odobenus divergens (Illiger). — Leonhard Stejneger. *The title of this work is: A Voyage to the Pacific Ocean. Undertaken, by the Com- mand of Hi- Majesty, for making Discoveries in tin- Northern Hemisphere. . . . Performed under the Direction of Captains Cook, Clerke, and Gore. . . . Vol. I and II written by Captain James Cook, F. K. S. Vol. Ill by Captain .lamps King, IX. D. and K. K. S. . . . London: Printed by W. and A. Straham: for <;. Nicol, . . . MDCCLXXIV. :•,::— Proc. Biol. soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (145) 146 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. THE BREEDING PLACE OF DERMESTES ELONGATUS LECONTE. On a recent visit to the breeding colony of the Black Crowned Night Heron near the Receiving Reservoir, D. C, in search of insects associated with these birds, Mr. R. C. Shannon found the still occupied nests swarming with Dermestid larvae. Three adults were taken, which prove to be Dermestes elongalus Lee. nee Hope ( = ? bieolor Fabr. ), a species which appears to have been so seldom taken that the records, as far as the writer has found are best mentioned here: — 1854 LeConte described it from "Georgia, rare." 1875 Schwarz listed a specimen from Haulover, Fla. 1882 Jayne recorded it from Southern and Western States. 1894 Hamilton mentioned the distribution of this species as extensive : — New York, Canada, Kansas, Texas, Georgia, Florida. (St. Augustine in lilt.) 1900 Casey gave Indiana as the locality of his material. 1902 Ulke recorded a specimen found under bark at Washington, D. C. 1910 Blatchley mentioned a record from near Cincinnati, but omitted Casey's Indiana record. The unpublished records on the material in the National Collection are as follows: — Texas: — A series of specimens collected by G. W. Belfrage in the early seventies. Florida: — One specimen taken at Palm Beach by Dr. H. G. Dyar. California: — One specimen beaten from a beaver skin in San Francisco, by A. Koebele about 1885. The specific synonymy in this genus is in almost hopeless confusion and for this reason no new name is offered to supplant LeConte's homo- nym. Hope's name, proposed twenty years before LeConte's use of the same name, is now listed as a snyonym of peruvianus Cast., but Jayne was of the opinion that LeConte's species might be identical with bieolor Fabr., of whose habits Rosenhauer says that it often lives in the nests of pigeons where the larvae sometimes eat into the young pigeons and kill them. The larvae of some other species of the genus are known to breed in the nests of tree inhabiting caterpillars, for instance, Dermestes tessel- latus Fabr., in the nests of the Brown tail moth, and D. aurichalceus Kst., in those of two other common European nest making caterpillars. We are too apt to take the habits of the well-known, economic (and therefore conspicuous) species as applicable to the less known species of a group, more particularly so in an unattractive genus like Dermestes, and it is well to point out that there are probably quite diverse breeding habits even among these closely allied species. The writer believes that the normal breeding place of this species will prove to be in the nests of birds, particularly fish-eating species. — Herbert S. Barber. Vol. XXVII, pp. 145-150 July 10, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON GENERAL NOTES. [147 THE GENERIC NAMES SPEOTHOS AND ICTICYON. In Mr. ( Mdiield Thomas's important paper ' On various South American Mammals " (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), XIII, pp. 345-363, March, 1914) he treats at some length the generic and subgeneric names of the South American Ganidse. After referring to the "extreme confusion" in which these names have "always been involved," he says: "The names Speothos (syn. Ieticyon) for venaticus and Chrysocyon for jubatus are clearly settled, and do not need further reference" (/. c, p. 351). On the next page he gives a list of the six generic names he considers valid, with their genotypes, in which Ieticyon is omitted and Speothos stands: "Speothos . . . Bush-dogs. Type, venaticus." As, however, Speothos and Ieticyon were both monotypic when founded, and the species referred to them were non-congeneric, it would seem that some "further reference" is necessary. Speothos was founded by Lund in 1839.* After presenting a resume of its differential characters he says: " Cette espece pent done etre separee du reste du genre des Chiens avec le meme raison qu'on a separe lesGuepards des outres Chats, pour former un petit groupe a part, groupe pour lequel je propose le nom de Speothos, ainsi que l'espece fossile du Bresil, celui de Speothos pacivorus, d'apres P animal dont il faisait sa principale nourriture (Ccelogenys laticeps)." In his accompanying list of the mammals of the Rio das Velhas drainage ( /. c, p. 232) Speothos pacivorus is No. 24. The genus Speothos and its >ingle species were later t fully described and the skull figured. Ieticyon was first proposed in 1843, * four years after Speothos was founded, with Ieticyon venaticus sp. nov. as the type and only species, and fully described and figured in 1845. § As Speothos and Ieticyon contained each only a single species when founded, Ieticyon venaticus could not in any case be the type of Speothos, and until it is shown that Speothos pacivorus and Ieticyon venaticus are congeneric, Ieticyon and not Speothos will remain the proper generic name for the Bush-dogs, with pacivorus as genotype of Speothos and venaticus as genotype of Ieticyon. — /. A. Allen. * I. unci. Ooup-d'oeil sur les especes 6taintes de Mammiferes du Bresil; extrait de quelques memoires presumes a l'Acad6mie royale des Sciences de Copenhague. — Ann. des Sciences naturelles, ser. 2, Vol. XI. 1839, pp. 214^234. Speothos, p. 224. t Kgl. Danske Vidensk. selsk. Nat. og Math. Afhandl., XI, 1815, pp. 55-61, pi. xix, -- 1. 2 i -kull i. pi. xlv. fig. 4-9 Itceth). I <>ver~iKt Kgl. Dansko Vidensk. Srl. 224. + Kgl. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Nat. og Math. Afhandl.. XI, 1845, pp. 55-61, pi. xix, fig. 1,2 (skull), pi. xlv. fig. 4-9 (teeth). • X Oversigt Kgl. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. for 1842 (1843), p. 80. §Kgl. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Nat. og Math. Afhandl.. XI, 1845, pp. 61-72, pi. xli (animal), pi. xliii, fig. 1-5 (skull). 148 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. the presence of both of us, a few more specimens were found in the same locality, but at a depth of 8 to 12 inches below the surface, the earth then being drier. Specimens were submitted to Prof. Frank Smith, of the University of Illinois, who very kindly examined them and reported that they were, in all probability, Microscolex phosphoreus Duges, a species which has been reported from Florida, North Carolina, and probably Smith's Island, Virginia. Doctor Smith states that it is nearly world wide in its distribution near coasts. The specimens taken were 20 to 30 mm. long, and from 1 to 2 mm. in diameter. The light, as usual in luminous organisms, was greenish yellow and was evidently given oft" by a secretion, a luminous mucus clung to the fingers and to the earth over which the worms had crawled, the glow lasting for only a few moments. The luminous material appeared to lie secreted only when the worms were disturbed, suggesting the defensive nature of the property. We have been able to find but one reference to luminosity in American terrestrial oligochetes, this being a short paper by Prof. George F. Atkinson, in the Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 1887, Vol. IV, Pt. II, who probably had the same species as that encountered by us. The possession of the luminous power by terrestrial annelids seems to be an interesting relic from their marine ancestry, as the luminosity of marine annelids is a well-known phenomenon. Walter (Trav. Soc. Nat. St. Petersbrg., C. R., 1909, Vol. 40, pp. 136-7) states that the luminosity of terrestrial oligochetes is produced by the secretion of hypodermal glands. In all there are 18 or 20 references in the literature to the production of light by earthworms. — F. Alex. McDermott and Herbert S. Barber. ON THE REMAINS OF AN APPARENTLY REPTILIAN CHARAC- TER IN THE COTINGID.F. In examining the hinder aspect of the tarsus in Carpodectes under a 12X hand lens, the rather large oval scales will be seen to contain an apparently closed pore, reminding one of the femoral pores on certain lizards. The pores are more numerous and conspicuous on some speci- mens than on others, but a few are usually present. I have examined all the genera of the Cotingidw accessible to me and find the following to possess this feature to a greater or less extent: Porphyrolsema, Xipho- lena, Carpodectes, Lathria, Chirocylla, Tityra, Querula, Pyroderus, Cephatopterus, Calvifrons, Gymnoderus, and Chasmorlnjnchos. I have not examined Tijuca, Ornithion, Doliornis, or Pfsematoderus. Chirocylla has a most remarkable tarsus, in that on some of the scales the pits partake more of the nature of depressions and occasionally there are two such ; even the scales on the sides of the tarsus and on the basal portion of the toes have such pit-like depressions or pores indicated. Tityra, also, is rather peculiar, as the pits are more strongly developed on the lower portion of the tarsus on the outer aspect. General Notes. 149 I can liinl no mention in the standard works of reference or in the literature to the above condition of the tarsus in the Cotingidae, though the plate ni' Cephalopterus glabrir.ollis in Ridgway's Birds of North and Middle America, Part iv, 1907, pi. xxxiii, apparently indicates the pres- ence of pores on the tarsus. In this genus, however, the pores are poorly developed and the majority of what are apparently pores prove on closer examination to lie merely depressions. I have been unable to examine any alcoholic specimens of the above genera, but it is to be hoped that some one better qualified for the task and with ample material will in- vestigate the subject. — /. H. Riley. Vol. XXVII, pp. 151-172 August 13, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON STUDIES IN TUBULIFEROUS THYSANOPTERA . BY .1. DOUGLAS HOOD. V. s. Biological Survey. In 1906 the order Thysanoptera embraced fewer than two hundred described species, and of these not more than forty were recorded from America. The task of revising such a small group seemed then to present few difficulties, and the comple- tion of the work within a reasonably short time appeared certain. Now, eight years later, the number of described species is thrice as great and rapidly approaching the thousand mark; while the North American list alone has surpassed the world's total Of 1906. Notwithstanding this progress, most of the recent forms cer- tainly await discovery and description, for Asia, Africa, Australia, and South America are virtually terra incognita to theThysanop- terist. Until more descriptive work has been done and the fossil species carefully studied, it will be impossible to propose a much more satisfactory generic classification of the order than the early arrangement by Uzel, based largely upon such charac- ters as sculpture, relative proportion, and form. The writer has thus limited his studies largely to the main- tenance of a catalogue of the known Thysanoptera, and of a monograph of the American species occurring north of the Isthmus of Panama. Each will be published when it has at- tained a fair degree of completeness or gives promise of lasting use to students of the order. In the mean time, as in the past, new taxonomic groups will be diagnosed as rapidly as possible, and nomenclatorial questions discussed, in brief preliminary papers. 34— Proc. Biol. Soc, Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (151) lo2 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. My obligations to Mr. Richard S. Bagnall, the eminent English Thysanopterist ; to Mr. J. C. Faure, formerly a student in Cornell University; to Mr. .lames Zetek, of the Isthmian Canal Commission ; and to many other friends, collectors, and collaborators, are acknowledged in detail on almost every page of this paper. Types are in the writer's collection. Trichothrips copiosus Uzel. 1895. Trichothrips copiosa Uzel, Monogr. d. Ordn. Thys., p. 252; Tab. IV, Fig. 32, Tab. VII, Fig. 138-140. L899. Trichothrips copiosa Renter, Acta Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, vol. XVII, no. 2, p. 25. 1904. Trichothrips copiosa Scliille, Sprawozdan Komisyi fizyograficznej Akad. Umiejetnosci w Krakowie, Tom. XXXVIII, p. 17. 1907. Trichothrips copiosa Bnffa, Atti Soc. Tosc. Sci. Nat., Mem., vol. XXIII, p. 70. 1909. Trichothrips copiosus Bagnall, Ent. Mo. Mag., 2d ser., vol. XX, p. 132. 1911, Trichothrips copiosus Bagnall, Jonrn. Econ. Biol., vol. VI, pt. 1, p. 11. Since its description by Uzel from specimens taken in Bohemia and Lap- land, this insect has been recorded from Finland, Poland, Hungary, Italy, and England ; and now, for the first time, from the United States, where it has been taken as follows: Penikese Island, Massachusetts, December 23, 1912, and September 5, 1913, P. R. Parker, abundant under hark of Norway maple and on Pobjporus ; Bridgeport, Connecticut, August S, 1913, H. M. Russell,-! females and 1 male under hark of elm; Bergen Beach, bono; Island, New York, January 24, 1913, P. P. Dow, 2 females and 1 male under bark of oak (Ace. 4164, American Museum of Natural History, one slide now in writer's coll.); Urhana, Illinois, March 13, L909, James Zetek, 9 females and 5 males under hark on rotten leg. All the specimens examined are apterous. Trichothrips beachi Hinds. 1902. Trichothrips beachi Hinds, Proc. U. S. Xat. Mus., vol. XXVI, p. 192, PI. VII, tig. 79, PI. VIII, tig. 80. The original description of this species was based upon a single macrop- lerous female taken under quince bark in early spring, at Amherst. Massachusetts. Both sexes are well represented in the material at hand, which bears the following data: Bennings, D. C, March- April, 1913, J. D. Hood, 28 females and 3 males reared about April 17 from nymphs taken March 23 under dead willow bark; Baldwin, Michigan, August 22, 1908, J. D. H., 4 females audi male under dead willow bark ; // I Studies in Tubidiferovs Thysanopb 153 Mahomet, Minois, July 27, 1908, J. I». II.. 5 females under dead willow bark ; Qrbana, III.. February 28, 1889, Dr. John Martin ami ( ". A. II;. it. 2 males ''under boards" (111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Ace. No. 14749). All the specimens recorded above arc macropterons. \ slide of three female- was compared with the type of beachi in the collection of the Massachusetts Agricultural College by Mr. K. I!. Parker, who pronounced the identification correct. The thrips recorded by Shull from Huron County, Michigan, under the nana' Tricholhrips beachi is the macropterous female of Trichothrips americanux Hood, as noted on page 154 of the present paper. Trichothrips karnyi Hood. L914. Trichothrips karnyi Hood, [ns. Ens. Men-., vol. II. p. 20, PI. I, figs. I-:;. At the time of describing this species the writer separated from the type- a large series of a closely allied hut supposedly distinct form from Pennsylvania, which he intended to describe later as a new species. A more critical study of these specimens and of a large series of both sexes received from Mr. H. M. Russell shows, however, that these forms can not always be separated with certainty, though the extremes seem sufficiently different in structure and general appearance to require separate designations. The characters given in the following table, though variable, will allow the new form to be separated under the name Trichothrips karnyi major subsp. now ( Plate :'», fig. 1 ). ( A. Tibiae of middle and hind legs largely blackish brown : third antenna! segment darkened apically. i (a. Head distinctly longer than broad; antenna! segments 4-H blackish brown, with pedicels abruptly pale yellow; :'> yellow, infuscate apically, distinctly paler than 4. I b. Head produced beyond eyes, the distance, from their anterior margin to the most anterior portion of frontal costa aboul one-sixth the width of head. Segment 1 of antenna dis- tinctly larger in dorsal aspect than the second, its exposed portion distinctly longer than wide; segment 3 about 2.9 times as long as wide, its sense cones short and about half as tongas the longest apical bristles; segment 8 about .7 time- as long as 7. Tube about .85 as long as head, much darker in color at base than at apex. General color dark blackish brown, black to the naked eye. Length of living females about :"> mm. ; width of prothorax about .•">:; mm. Nymph bright red in color, the hypodermal pigmentation practi- cally unbroken. (Newton, Pa.. Sept.. 1911, H. M. Russell) Trichothrips karnyi major subsp. nov. bb. Head not noticeably produced beyond eye.-, the distance from their anterior margin to the most anterior portion of frontal costa about one-eighth the width of head. Segment 1 of antenna not larger in dorsal aspect than second, its- DM Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. exposed portion about as wide as long; segment 3 about 2.5 times as long as wide, its sense cones long, slender, usually as long as the longest apical bristles; segment 8 about .8 as long as 7. Tube not more than .8 as long as head, as pale at base as at apex. Color light blackish brown, scarcely black to the naked eye. Length of living females about 2.1 mm. ; width of prothorax about .43 mm. Nymph pink in color, the hypodermal pigmentation dis- posed in minute, distinct, vermilion dots. (Md., D. C, 111.) Trichothrips karnyi karnyi Hood. Trichothrips semicsecus CJzel. 1895. Trichothrips semicaeca Uzel, Monogr. d. ' >rdn. Thys., p. 249. L909. Trichothrips semicaecus, Bagnall, Ent. Mo. Mag., 2d. ser., vol. XX, ].. 131. One female and two males of this species, all apterous, were found by the writer at Bennings, D. C, March 23, lid:'., under dead willow bark, in company with numerous nymphs and adults of Trichothrips h. which is the longest in entire antenna and claviform ; 4-8 subequal in length, stunt, pedicellate; bristles and sense cones unusually loin:. Color of antennae : Segments 1 and 2 black- ish brown, 2 paler apical ly and at middle; 3 yellow, infuscate at apex; I 8 nearly black, distinctly darker than 1 and 2. Month cone half as long as width i>t' head, broadly rounded at apex, reaching two-thirds across prosternum. Prothorax about .7 as long as head and (inclusive of coxae) twice as wide as long; notnm with the midlateral, posterior angular, and posterior marginal bristles unusually long and prominent, pointed ; anterior angu- lars and anterior marginals reduced in size and barely visible; coxal. bristles about one-third as long as postoculars. Pterothorax slightly wider than prothorax, darkest in color at sides of metathorax. Wings slender, narrowed apical ly, darkened with brown at base and in apical third, intervening portion nearly white; fore wings without double sub- apical fringe on posterior margin. Legs uniform yellow except for the brown ends of tarsi; fore femora shorter than head and slightly more than twice as long as wide; fore tarsi unarmed. Abdomen moderately broad, about 1.25 times as wide as prothorax. Tube about .8 as long as head and twice as long as basal width, which is 2.5 times the apical; sides nearly straight. Abdominal bristles long, pointed: terminal bristles and those on segment 9 equal in length to tube. Measurements of holotype: Length 1.4(3 mm.; head, length .204mm., width .197 mm.; prothorax, length .144 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) .288 mm.; pterothorax, width .306 mm.; abdomen, width .360 mm.; tube, length .168 mm., width at base .089 mm., at apex .036 mm. An- tennal segments: 1, 57m; 2, 57m; 3, length 70m, width 37m; 4, 53m; 5, 53m; 6, 53m ; 7, 51m; 8, 56m; total length of antenna .45 mm. Described from one female taken by sweeping at Corozal, Canal Zone, Panama, October 19, 1911, by Mr. James Zetek. The chfetotaxy, coloration, and unarmed fore tarsi indicate a very dis- tinct species. Trichothrips ambitus Hinds. 1902. Trichothrips ambitus Hinds, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. XXVI, p. 191, PI. VIII, figs. 81, 82. This species has not been mentioned in the literature since its original description in 1902 from one female taken at Amherst, Massachusetts. Two males are in the collection before me, one taken in miscellaneous collecting at Carbondale, Illinois, May 10, 1908, by Mr. Charles A. Hart; the other found on a branch of a willow tree at Bluemont, Virginia, August 31, 1913, by the writer. They do not differ sufficiently from Doctor Hinds' characterization of the opposite sex to require a separate description at present. 15fi Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. liaplothrips graminis Hood. 1912. Haplothrips graminis Hood, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., vol. XXV, p. 69, fig. 3. Notwithstanding it? several structural differentia, this species bears a close superficial resemblance to H. statices (Haliday), though apparently more southern in distribution. Specimens from Auburn, Alabama, were collected August, 1908, by Dr. W. E. Hinds, and sent me under the name Anthothrips niger. It has also been taken at Marshalltown, Iowa, by Mr. E. O. G. Kelly. Haplothrips nubilipennis sp. nov. (PI. 3, figs. 3 and 4.) Female. — Length about 1.6 mm. Color blackish brown, with maroon hypodermal pigmentation in head, thorax, and first nine segment4 of abdomen; segments I and 2 of antennae about concolorous with head; 3-6 yellowish brown, irregularly clouded with darker; 7 and 8 uniform dark yellowish brown, paler than the two basal segments; all tarsi and apex of fore tibiae, bright yellow. Head about 1.34 times as long as wide, broadest at aboul middle; cheeks gently rounded, slightly convergent posteriorly; vertex slightly produced, the anterior ocellus overhanging; dorsal and lateral surfaces with a few, very weak, anastomozing lines, sparsely and briefly spinose; postocular bristles two-thirds as long as eyes, blunt. Eyes one-third as long as head. Posterior ocelli opposite anterior third of eyes. Antennae I.N times as long as head, slender, their form and structure well shown in figures (PI. '.'>, figs. 3 and 4); segment three conical, symmetrical, about twice as long as greatest width, subequal in length and width to 2 and 4, with a sense cone on outer, and one on inner, surface. Color of antennae: Segments 1 and 2 dark blackish brown, the former pale at base, the latter at middle and apex; 3-6 yellowish brown, irregularly clouded with darker; 7 and 8 uniform dark yellowish brown, paler than the two basal segments. Mouth cone normal to genus. Prothorax about .6 as long as head and (inclusive of coxa?) about 2.2 times as wide as long, surface nearly smooth ; anterior marginal bristles greatly reduced in size and barely visible; other blunt, the two pairs at the posterior angles about as long as postoculars, midlaterals and anterior angulars two-thirds as long. Wings distinctly narrowed at middle, clouded with gray, the fore pair with a nearly black, sharply defined patch at base and another paler and more suffused one just before middle ; four interlocated hairs on posterior margin near apex. Fore tarsi with a small, acute tooth. Abdomen slightly wider than pterothorax. Tube about .64 as long as head, just twice as long as basal width, and about twice as wide at base as at apex. Abdominal bristles pointed; terminal bristles nearly as long as tube. Measurements of holotype: Length 1.61 mm.; head, length .226 mm., width .168 mm.; prothorax, length .138 mm., width (inclusive of coxaM }!<>,,(' — Sivdies w Tvhvliferovs Thysanopterd. 157 .306 mm. ; pterothorax, width .336 mm.; abdomen, width .372 mm.; tube, length .144 mm., width at base .072 mm., al apex .035 mm. An- tennal segments: I, :!'.»m: 2, length 54/*, width 31/*; '■'>, length 60/*, width 31/*; 4. length 60/*, width :!1m: •">, 56/*; 6, ">1m; 7, .iO/u; 8,36/*; total length of antenna .406 mm. Described from one female taken under a loose scale of the bark of a living white oak tree, near Baldwin, Michigan, August 2:'., 1908, hy tin- writer. The clouded wings and the structure of the antenna' are distinctive. Haplothrips faurei sp. nov. (PI. 3, figs. 5 and 6. ) Female. — Length about 1.4 mm. Color dark blackish brown, with prof use maroon hypodermal pigmentation; antennal segments 3-6 lemon- yellow ; fore tibiae and fore tarsi yellow, the former shaded with blackish brown at base and along lateral surfaces; middle and hind tarsi light yellowish hrown. Head somewhat longer than wide, broadest a little behind middle; cheeks gently rounded, slightly convergent posteriorly ; vertex slightly produced, the anterior ocellus overhanging; dorsal and lateral surfaces with a few, very weak, anastomozing lines, sparsely and briefly spinose ; postocular bristles two-thirds as long as eyes, blunt. Eyes slightly more than one-third as long as head, very slightly, if at all, protruding. Ocelli anterior in position, the posterior pair opposite anterior third of eyes. Antenna- about 1.7 times as long as head, moderately slender; segment 3 conical, nearly symmetrical, twice as long as greatest width, distinctly narrower than, and subequal in length to, 2 and 4; 4 and 5 distinctly longer than wide, pedicellate, narrowed apically; 6 and 7 oblong, pedicellate, the former broader toward apex, the latter broader toward base; 8 slender, about three times as long as wide; sense cones and spines short and slender, segment 3 without cone on inner surface. Color of antennae: Segments 1 and 2 dark blackish brown, the latter paler toward apex and at middle; 3-6 clear lemou-yellow, 0 more or less infuscate apically; 7 and 8 yellowish brown. Mouth cone normal to genus. Prothorax about two-thirds as long as head and (inclusive of coxae) about 2.3 times as wide as long, surface nearly smooth ; anterior marginal bristles greatly reduced in size and barely visible; others blunt, the two pairs at the posterior angles longest. Wings distinctly narrowed at middle; fore wings with a slight brownish cloud at extreme base and with about '■* inter located hairs on posterior margin near apex. Fore tarsi with a minute, acute tooth. Abdomen slightly wider than pterothorax. Tube about .00 as long as head, twice as long as basal width, and twice as wide at base as at apex, suffused with hypodermal pigmentation. Abdominal bristles pointed; terminal bristles nearly equal in length to tube. Measurements of holotype: Length 1.38 mm.; head, length .190 mm., 158 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. width .184 mm.; prothorax, length .120 mm., width (inclusive of coxa-) .282 mm.; pterothorax, width .312 mm.; abdomen, width .336 mm.; tube, length .126 mm., width at base .060 mm., at apex .033 mm. An- tennal segments: 1, 30m; 2, 48m; 3, length 51m, width 26m; 4, length 52m, width 32m; 5, 48/u ; li, 41m; 7, 36m; 8, 25m; total length of antenna .331 mm. Described from six females, bearing the following data: Ithaca, New York, Oct. -1, 1912, 2 females, "on ivy foliage," J. C. Faure; Florida, N. Y., Aug. 15, 1912, 4 females " on willow leaves, predaceons on mites," J. C. Faure. Ti/pe locality: Ithaca, New York. This distinct little species resembles H. verbasci (Osborn) at first sight, though the reduction of the anterior marginal bristles of the pro- thorax and the absence of the usual sense cone from the inner surface of the third antennal segment ally it more closely to H. graminis Hood. The form of the antennal segments, especially the third, and the color- ation, are distinctive. It is named for Mr. J. C. Faure, formerly an entomological student at Cornell University, whose interest in this order of insects has materially increased our American list. Haplothrips humilis sp. now (PI. 4, tigs. 1 and 2.) Female. — Length about 1.3 mm. Color dark blackish brown ; segments 3-6 of antenna1 successively darker in color, '.'> usually nearly clear yellow, 6 yellowish brown; fore tarsi yellow; fore tibiae yellow apically. Head about 1.1 times as long as wide; sides nearly parallel, very gently rounded, somewhat convergent posteriorly ; vertex slightly produced, the anterior ocellus overhanging; dorsal and lateral surfaces sparsely and briefly spinose ; postocular bristles about ecpial in length to eyes, pointed. Eyes slightly more than one-third as long as head, not protruding. Ocelli anterior in position, the posterior ocelli opposite anterior third of eyes. Antenna? about 1.5 times as long as head, moderately stout, form and structure well shown in figures ( PI. 4, tigs. 1 and 2); segment 3 about 1.7 times as long as wide, asymmetrical, distinctly shorter than 2 and 4, narrower than the latter, without sense cone on inner surface. Color of antenna?: Segments 1 and 2 dark hlackish brown, the latter paler toward apex and at middle ; 3-0 successively darker in color, progressing from a nearly clear yellow to a light blackish brown ; 7 and 8 darker hlackish brown. Mouth cone normal to genus. Prothorax about two-thirds as long as head and (inclusive of coxa?) nearly twice as wide as long, surface nearly smooth ; anterior marginal bristles greatly reduced in size and barely visible; others blunt, the two pairs at the posterior angles nearly as long as postoculars, mid laterals and anterior marginals two-thirds as long. Wings distinctly narrowed at middle ; fore wings with a slight brownish cloud at extreme base and with about 8 interlocated hairs on posterior margin near apex. Fore tarsi with a distinct acute tooth. Hood — Studies in Tubuliferous Thysanoptera. 159 Abdomen slightly wider than pterothorax. Tube about half as long as head, less than twice as long as basal width, and nearly twice as wide at base as at apex. Abdominal bristles pointed ; terminal bristles about one-fourth longer than tube. Measurements of holotype: Length 1.26 mm.; head, length .210 mm., width .ISO nun.; prothorax, length .144 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) .280 nun.; pterothorax, width .318 nun.; abdomen, width .."><>(» nun.; tube, length .108 nun., width at base .060 mm., at apex .033 mm. Antenna] segments: 1, .">(>m ; -, length 4S^, width 28m; 3, length 41m, width L'4/u; 4, length 47m, width 30m; -r>. 45m; 6, 41/x; 7, 41/u; 8, 30m; total length .329 mm. Described from five females taken by sweeping on " Moro Island, Panama (near Taboga Island, Bay of Panama), October 17, 1913," by Mr. James Zetek. The form and size of the third antennal segment and the absence of the usual sense cone from its inner surface, together with the character of the prothoracic bristles and the unusually short tube, would seem to indicate a verj distinct species. Glyptothrips flavescens Hood. 1912. Pactothrips [lapsus, Glyptothrips] flavescens Hood, Psyche, vol. XIX, p. lit'., PI. i», rigs. a-c. Seven apterous females and four apterous males of this anomalous Phlceothripid were taken in grass sod at Chester, New York, April 2, lid:;, by Mr. ,1. C. Faure. The species was known previously from three macropterous females, collected in Illinois. Except for the absence of ocelli and wings and the consequent reduction in the size of the ptero- thorax, the specimens agree closely with the types. The males differ in being smaller and slightly more slender. Rhynchothrips tridentatus (Shull). (Plate 4, tigs. 4 and 5. ) L909. Trichothrips tridentatus Shull, Ent. News, vol. XX, p. 226, fig. 6. 1912. [Rhynchothrips] tridentatus Hood, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol. XIV, p. 141. both this species and Moulton's Trichothrips ilex arc described as hav- ing all tarsi armed with a tooth. The term "tarsal tooth," however, since the time of (Jzel's epoch-making work, has been taken to mean a chitinous evagination of the inner surface of the tarsus near its base; while the structures seen by Shull and Moulton are the articulated claws at the apex of the tarsus, — almost certainly present in every species of the order Thysanoptera. Teneral specimens often show these claws very clearly, and this is the explanation for the prominence which Shull gives the character in his description, for both of his types are freshly emerged specimens. 160 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, In 1895 Uzel described the mechanism of the tarsal claws on pages 304 and 305 of his " Monographic," and figured the tarsus of the larva of Trichothrips cojiiiiaux on Tab. VIII, figs. 152-155. One of his more pertinent sentences, freely translated from the Bohemian, is as follows: " On tin* extremity, the tarsus of the fringe-wings lias two movable claws which arc strongly united to the dilation of the integument which is found between them." It will thus be noticed that the presence of such claws is an ordinal character instead of a specific one. The antenna, also, of tridentatus is misleadingl.y described and figured by Shull, because observed in lateral aspect. The true form of the distal segments and the structure of the head and prothorax are shown in the figures given herewith. The species is common on various oaks, and has been examined by the writer from the following localities: Anna, Illinois, June 27, 1909, ('. A. Hart; Boskydell, III., Oct. 21-23, 190s, L. M. Smith; Carbondale, III., Oct. 15, 16, 1908, L.M.Smith; Farrington, III., April 10, 1909, II. E. Ewing; Marshall, III., Oct. :'., 190s, II. E. Ewing; .Mounds, 111., Aug. 9, bum, ,1. 1). Hood; Murphysboro, III., Nov. 6, 1908, L. M. Smith; Pulaski, III., Oct. 27, 1908, L. M. Smith, and .May 29, 1909, C. A. Hart; Irbana, 111., Nov. 15, 1007, R. D. Glasgow, Jan. 29, L908, J. I). Hood and II. E. Ewing, June 9, 1909, ('. A. Hart and F. 1). Shobe; Baldwin, Michigan, Aug. 15, 2:!, and 31, 1908, J. D. Hood; Wittenberg, Missouri, July 12, 1909, ('. A. Hart; Hummer's Island, Maryland ( near Washing- ton, D. ('.), April 6, 1913, J. I). II.; Cabin John, Md., June 8, 1913; Washington, D. ('., June, 1913, J. R. Malloch and J. 1). H., reared. Liothrips caryae (Fitch). ( Plate 4, fig. (i. ) 1856. Phlceothrips carya Fitch, Third Kept. Nox. Ins. State X. Y . , in Ann. Rept. X. V. State Agr. Soc, vol. XVI, p. 447). This species, though occasionally referred to since its original descrip- tion, has virtually been lost to science for nearly sixty years. In Illinois and Maryland I have found it commonly in May and June on the leaves of hickory and in old, dried, phylloxera galls. The thrips are certainly not concerned in the making of the galls, and probably frequent them only to secure protection during metamorphosis. Fitch's description, now out of print and very rare, is as follows: L65. Hickory Thrips, Phlceothrips Caryse, new species. (Homoptera. Thripididse. ) Slender conical protuberances like the spur of acock a quarter of an inch long, standing out perpendicularly from the under surface of the leaf and closed at their end, with a similar protuberance upon the opposite side of the leaf having its end open and split into several long slender teeth ; within these galls a small slender shining black insect with the middle joints of its antennae honey-yellow and its long narrow white wings appressed to its back. Whether these singular galls, which resemble a long slender pod thrust half way through the leaf, are produced by the Thrips found in them, or by some other insect which forsakes them before this takes up its abode Hood — Studies in Tubuliferous Thysanoptera. L61 there, I am unable to say. In the instance in which I noticed them particularly, they occurred upon a young shag-bark hickory in the month of September. Quite a number of the leaves had one and several had two or more ^alls growing upon them, in each one of which was one or mure of these insects or their larva?. The galls were of a very tough leathery texture, green where they adjoined the leaf and deep purple at their ends, though most of them at that date had hecome dry and laded t>> a dark brown color. The leaf is often wrinkled around the gall and has more or less of a fold extending from thence to its outer edge. The insect within, when disturbed, turns its tail upward over its hack in a menacing manner, the .same as the rove beetles ( Stajihylinidse) do; and when the point of a needle which has been pressed upon one of these insects i> touched to the tip of the tongue, unless my imagination greatly deceives me. it will frequently he found to impart a peculiar acrid biting sensation. This insect is 0.1)7 long, of a deep black color and highly polished. It> head is narrower than the thorax and nearly square. The third, fourth and fifth joints of the antennae are longer than the others, yellow and -lightly transparent ; the last joint is shortest and but half as thick as those which precede it. The abdomen is egg-shaped with its tip drawn out into a tithe thrice as long as it is thick, with four long bristles at its end, and the abdomen is furnished with bristles at each of its sutures. The wings do not reach the tip of the abdomen. They are white and slightly transparent and fringed with black hairs. In its larva state it has a more slender linear form with a dull greenish yellow head, a white thorax with a broad black band anteriorly, a pale red abdomen with a black band at its tip. and whitish legs. The description quoted above of the adult insect is not sufficiently de- tailed to distinguish it readily from the many other species of the genus which have been diagnosed in recent years. The following should enable it easily to be recognized : Female. — Length about 2.0 mm. Color dark blackish brown or black; tarsi and articulations of legs paler; antenna! segments 3-6 largely yellow in basal portions. Head about 1.14 times as long as wide, broadest just behind eyes; cheeks gently arched, slightly convergent posteriorly; vertex truncate, not at all produced, abruptly declivous, the anterior ocellus distinctly overhanging; dorsal and lateral surfaces deeply and closely roughened with transverse lines and set with several short spines; postocular bristles pointed, about as long as eyes. Eyes about one-third as long as head, not protruding. Posterior ocelli opposite line drawn behind anterior thin 1 of eyes. Antennae twice as long as head, form and structure well shown in figure (PI. 4, fig. li); sense cones small ; formula: .">. 0- I; 4, 1-2+1; 5, 1-1+'; (5, 1-1 + '; 7 with 1 on dorsum near apex. Color of antenna-: Segments 1 and 2 nearly concolorons with head, 2 yellowish apically ; ."> nearly clear yellow, usually infuscate in apical third; 4-15 yellowish, successively darker in color, irregularly marbled with brown apically; 6-8 uniform blackish brown or with pedicel of 7 paler. Mouth cone subacute, nearly attaining base of presternum. I'rothorax about .6 as long as head and (inclusive of coxse) nearly 2.5 times as wide as long; all bristles [present, pointed, unusually long for the genus, the two pairs at the posterior angle- nearly as long as pro- thorax: other bristles about half as long: coxa! bristle pointed, sill L62 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. shorter. Pterothorax wider than prothorax and longer than wide; sides slightly arcuate, converging posteriorly. Wings long, closely fringed, slightly broadened apically; fore wings lightly shaded with brownish yellow at base, remainder clear white; posterior margin with about 20 interlocated hairs. Fore tarsi unarmed. Abdomen large and heavy, wider than pterothorax. Tube .9 as long as head and nearly three times as long as basal width, which is about twice the apical. Abdominal bristles moderately long, yellow (or brown) in color, pointed; terminal bristles brown, about four-fifths as long as tube- Measurements of neoholotype: Length 2.00 mm.; head, length .268 mm., width .235 mm.; prothorax, length .168 mm., width ( inclusive of coxae) .115 mm.; pterothorax, width .456 mm.; abdomen, width .528 mm.; tube, length .246 mm., width at base .087 mm., at apex .041 mm. Antenna] segments: 1, 54m; 2, 69/x; :;, length N4/ti, width ;*>fyt; 4, length 7fyi, width 10/x; o, 74/x; <>, 72m; 7, 66/u; 8, 12m; total length of antenna .54 mm. Male. — Length about 1.8 mm. Slightly smaller and more slender than female, otherwise almost identical. Redescribed from many specimens of both sexes as follows: Carbon- dale, Illinois, June 27-29, 1907, J. I). Hood, both sexes reared abundantly from pupa' taken in phylloxera galls on hickory leaves; Hillery, 111., June 10, 1908, ('. A. Hart, both sexes common on hickory leaves; Mt. Carmel, III., May. IXS4, in phylloxera galls on hickory leaves (Ace. No. 2358, III. State Lab. Nat, Hist,): Pulaski, [11., May 21, 1907, C. A.Hart. 1 male swept from grass and weeds; Plummet's Island, Maryland, June 8 and 29, 1913, .1. 1). H., on hickory leaves, and reared from pup;e in phylloxera galls on hickory leaves. The large size, truncate vertex, long, pointed bristles, and the long tube are the principal diagnostic characters. I have designated the above specimens as the " neotypes " of the species, Fitch's original types having been lost. Leptothrips mali (Fitch). 1855. Phlxothrips Mali Fitch, First Rept. Nox, Ins. State X. Y., p. 102, also in Trans. X. V. State Agr. Soc, vol. IV, for 1854, p. 806. 1902. Cryptothrips aspersus Hinds, Proc. V. S. Nat. Mus., vol. XXVI, p. 205, PI. X, tigs. 104-100. 1904. Cnjptol.lt rips califumicus Daniel, Ent, Xews, vol. XV, p. 293. 1907. Cryptothrips californicus Moulton, Tech. Ser. 12, Pt. Ill, Bur. Ent., P. S. Dept. Agr., p. 66. 1908. Cryptothrips aspersus Franklin, Proc. U. S. Nat, .Mus., vol. XXXI II, p. 727. 1905. P[hyllothrips] aspersus Hood, Can. Ent,, vol. XL, p. 305. L909. Phyllothrips aspersus Hood, Ent, Xews, vol. XX, p. 32, tig. 4. 1909. Leptothrips aspersvs Hood, Ent. Xews, vol. XX, p. 249. 1909. Leptothrips aspersus Crawford, Pomona Coll. Journ. Ent., vol. I, p. 121. Hood — si ml ire in Tubuliferous Thysanoptera. 163 1910. lAolhrips mcconnelli Crawford, Pomona Coll. Journ. Ent., vol. II, p. 163, fig. 68, A-12. TI[oplothrips, lapsus] albivittatus Hood, Can. Ent., vol. XLIV, p. 143, footnote. Since its description in 1908 from one female taken at Bloomington, Illinois, this species has come to hand from the following localities: Car- bondale, Illinois, October 16, 1908, L. M. Smith, 1 female from branch of oak; Makanda, 111., Sept. 25, 1908, L. M. Smith, 1 female "found on wrist while examining apple leaves" ; Washington, I). C, June 15-21, 1913, .1. R. Malloch and .1. I>. Hood. '■) females and 2 males reared from nymphs taken June 1(1 on trunk of dying red oak tree. The male differs from the female in so few particulars that an addi- tional description of that sex is unnecessary. The black antenna- and white dorsolateral stripes are distinctive. (ienus Dichastothrips uov. ( ovo, two; xa^T7l, bristle; Opty, a wood worm.) Head subrectangular, much longer than broad, more than twice as long as median dorsal length of pronotum; vertex not produced; cheeks smooth, sparsely spinose; postocular bristles long, pointed; postocellar bristles exceedingly long, nearly as prominent as the postoculars. Antennae eight-segmented; segments 4-n without ventral prolongations at apex: segment 4 longest. Eyes small, about one-fourth as long as head. Anterior ocellus directed forward. .Mouth cone not as long as wide, semicircular at apex, slightly surpassing middle of presternum. Pro- thorax more than three times as wide across coxa' as median length of dorsum ; posterior margin nearly straight; anterior margin almost semi- circularly emarginate, conspicuously thickened; anterior marginal and anterior angular bristles minute, others well developed. Fore tarsi strongly armed. Wings broad, slightly expanded apically. Abdomen broad and heavy; tube large and stout, about as long as head. Type : Dichsetothrips brevicollis sp. uov. The close relationship existing between this genus and Diceratothrips Bagnall is party responsible for the similarity of the two names. In each Hood — Sf in! i, 201m ; 6, 153m; 7, 100m; 8, 94m; total length of antenna 1.13 mm. Described from one female taken at Rockstone, British Guiana, Feb- ruary 28, 1913, by Mr. more than four times as long as its greatest subapical width; 6 and 7 oblong, pedicellate ; 8 subcorneal ; sense cones and bristles short. Color of antenna': Segments 1-3 yellow, 1 slightly clouded at base with brown, :'> dark brown in apical seventh ; 4-8 dark blackish brown, 4 paler in basal three-fourths. Mouth cone broadly rounded at apex, reaching well be- yond middle of presternum. Prothorax along median dorsal line about .56 as long as head and (in- clusive of coxa^) about 2.6 times as wide as long, sides nearly straight, surface nearly smooth ; anterior angles not at all produced ; usual spines all present, the pair at the posterior angles longest, slightly longer than postoculars; posterior marginals and coxals subequal in length, half as long as postoculars; other bristles minute, about as long as those on cheeks. Pterothorax slightly wider than prothorax, sides slightly arcuate and convergent posteriorly. AVings long and broad, closely fringed, Hood— Studies in Tubuliferous Tliysanoptera. 167 clouded with brown, more darkly toward base; fore wings with aboul 35 interlocated hairs on posterior margin near apex. Legs shorter and stouter than usual in the genus ; fore femora about 1.8 times as long as wide and slightly more than .8 as long as head, with two short, stout spin6S on inner surface near base; lore tarsi armed with a short and rather blunt tooth. Abdomen slightly wider than pterothorax. Tube slightly longer than head and about :!.4 times as long as subbasal width, which is 2.3 times the apical; sides nearly straight, very slightly expanded basally, some- what constricted apically. Abdominal bristles pointed, black at base, those on segment !» equal in length to tube. Measurements of holotype: Length 3.0(5 mm.; head, length .414 mm., width .:'>lM mm.; prothorax, length along median dorsal line .228mm., width ( inclusive of coxa' ) .588 mm.; pterothorax, width .636 mm.; al>- domen, width .684 mm.; tube, length .456 nun., width at base. 135 nun., at apex .059 mm. Antennal segments: 1, 70m; 2, 93/* ; '■'>, length L'O-V, width 46ft; 4, 149m; 5, 124m; 6, 102m; 7, 84m; 8, 56m; total length of antenna .88 mm. Male (macropterous). — Very similar to female in structure, and of about the same size though slenderer. Head about 1.58 times as long as greatest width; cheeks distinctly con- verging from eyes to basal fourth, thence subparallel. Prothorax along median dorsal line about .7 as long as head and (in- clusive of coxre) nearly twice as wide as long, sides broadly rounded. Fore femora enlarged and swollen, 1.2 times as long as head and 1.8 times as long as wide, armed on inner surface with two stout teeth and several bristles (see Plate 5, Jig. 2); apex of fore femora yellow; fore tibia? yellow along middle. Abdomen more slender than that of female; tube slightly shorter than head. Described from one female and one male, taken in a moving train, Canal Zone, Panama, by Mr. James Zetek. The antennal coloration will distinguish this species readily from its described congeners. The teeth on the inner surface of the fore femora of the male indicate a close relationship to D. armatns Bagnall, with which it has been compared by both Mr. Bagnall and myself. Polyphemothrips corticis sp. nov. (Plate 5, fig. 3.) Female. — Length about 4.1 mm.; width of pterothorax .65 mm. Color blackish brown, with almost solid crimson hypodermal pigmentation, the abdomen appearing bright red to the naked eye; antennal segments 4-7 and basal portion of tube, black ; segment 3 of antenna pale yellowish in basal two-thirds. Head about 1.6 times as long as width at base, prominently elevated along anterior portion of median line; vertex elevated and produced, overhanging bases of antennae; cheeks abruptly swollen on ventral lateral 168 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. margin just behind eyes, thence gently converging to basal three-tenths, and widening again to base, tbe relative widths of the bead at these points being in the relation of 34:31:37; lateral surfaces faintly subreticnlate, sparsely spinose ; postocnlar bristles pointed, about one-half longer than eyes. Eyes about one-fifth as long as head, abruptly protruding, lateral margins flattened posteriorly. Ocelli moderately large, closely approxi- mate; anterior ocellus situated on extreme vertex, directed forward; posterior ocelli distinctly in front, of anterior margin of eyes. Antennae inserted on ventral surface, seven -segmented, 1.8 times as long as head; segments 1 and 2 sbortest, subequal in length ; 3-6 claviform, 4 slightly longer than 3 ; 7 fusiform, slightly longer than 0, with a faint suture on ventral surface at apical fifth. Color of antenna?: Segments 1 and 2 blackish brown ; 3 brownish white, slightly darkened nasally, apical third dark brown-black; 4-7 nearly opaque black, slightly brownish apically. Sense cones long, slender; formula: 3, 1-2; 4, 2-2; 5, 1-1 + 1; 6, 1-1 +'; 7 with one on dorsum at apical three-fourths. Mouth cone very blunt, broadly rounded, nearly attaining mesosternum. Prothorax along median dorsal line about .35 as long as head and (inclusive of coxa?) about three times as wide as long; all usual bristles present, pointed; posterior marginals longest, about equal in length to postoculars; posterior angulars two-thirds as long; other bristles subequal, about one-third as long as posterior marginals. Pterothorax slightly narrower than prothorax, sides nearly parallel. Wings long, closely fringed, about 11 times as long as broad; fore wings clouded with brown, darker basally, with three more or less distinct longitudinal bands in basal two-thirds; posterior margin with about 44 interlocated hairs near apex. Legs slender; fore femora about as long as basal width of head and slightly more than one-third as wide as long; fore tarsi with a stout tooth, the apex of which is directed forward. Abdomen (collapsed in the two types of this sex) probably about as wide as prothorax. Tube .54 as long as head and about 2.4 times as long as -width at base, basal width about .:.;,', times the apical; sides nearly straight. Abdominal bristles long, pointed, brown at base, those on segment i) longer than tube; terminal bristles three-fourths as long as tube. Measurements of holotype: Length 4.1 mm.; head, length .714 mm., width behind eyes .408 mm., behind middle .377 mm., at base .444 mm.; prothorax, length along median dorsal line .252 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) .737 mm.; pterothorax, width .648 mm.; tube, length .384 mm., width at base. 162 mm., at apex .072 mm. Antennal segments: 1, 108m; 2, 111m; 3, length 198m, width 63m; 4, 203m; 5, 17!»m; 6, 135m; 7, 146/*; total length of antenna 1.08 mm. Male. — (Plate 5, fig. 3.) Very much like female in color and general structure, but more slender. Head of same form as in female ; posterior ocelli on a line with anterior margins of eyes. Prothorax about .48 as long as head and (inclusive of coxse) about 2.8 times as wide as long; median dorsal line with dark chitinous thickening. Fore femora nearly as long as head and about half Hood — Studies in Tubidiferous Thysanoptera. (.69 :ts broad as basal width of head ; fore tarsi with a stout tooth about three- fifths as long as width of tarsus, arising at a right angle. Measurements of allotype: Length 3.62 mm.; bead, length .600 nun., width belli nd eyes .•'571' nun., behind middle .312 nun., at base .352 nun.; prothorax, length .288 nun., width (inclusive of coxae) .756 mm.; ptero- thorax, width .696 nun.: abdomen, width .660 nun.; tube, length .:'><;(> nun., width at base .149 nun., at apex .005 nun. Antenna! segments: l. L08/*; 2. 99/*; 3, length 183a», width 60m; 4, 186/*; 5, 162/*; 6, 123/*; 7, 138/*; total length of antenna 1.00 nun. Xtjmph ( probably in last instar). — Length about 3.8 mm. Color bright red, with antennae, vertex, legs, and abdominal segments 1, 2, and 7, yellowish white; tube dark brown, nearly black at apex. Described from two females, six males, and three nymphs, taken at Aneon, Canal Zone, Panama, November 4, 1913, by Mr. James Zetek. They were found on the branches and under the bark of a fallen dead tree in company with a Tenebrionid beetle, Doliema angustala Champion. This species agrees very well with the description of P. brasiliensis , except for the italicized portions of the above description, and the smaller size. Brasiliensis is said to be described from the male, though the draw- ing clearly -hows the specimen to lie a female. Cryptothrips gilvipes sp. nov. (Plate 5, tig. 4. ) Female (forma aptera). — Length about 2.6 mm. Color black, with first two antenna] segments, legs, prothorax, mesothorax, and sides of metathorax orange-yellow; head brown; hypodermal pigmentation lemon-yellow. Head 1.2 times as long as wide, narrowed posteriorly, and at base with neck-like constriction; lateral and dorsal surfaces without sculpture, sparsely and briefly spinose; vertex rounded and evenly declivous; post- ocular bristles one-third longer than dorsal length of eyes, pointed. Eyes flattened, protruding, produced posteriorly on ventral surface of head, widely separated, their dorsal interval a little greater than the ventral length. Ocelli minute, the posterior pair widely separated. An- tenna' about 1.8 times as long as head, form and structure well shown in figure (PI. •">, tig. 4). Color of antennae: Segments 1 and 2 yellow, the latter shaded with brown along inner surface and at base; .'! with pedicel • lark orange-yellow and apical region yellowish brown, intervening por- tion nearly black ; 4-6 very dark blackish brown, irregularly paler near middle; 7 and S nearly coal black ; sense cones and bristles short, slender, Segment :! with one sense cone on outer surface. Mouth cone less than half as long as face and about as long as wide ; tip of labrum not attain- ing tip of labium, the interval about equal in length to second segment of maxillary palpus. Prothorax two-thirds as long as head and (inclusiveof coxae) about 1.'.' times as wide as long, with faint median thickening; posterior angular bristles nearly as |oii'_r as postoculars; coxa! bristle one-third as long; all 170 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. other bristles minute and barely visible. Pterotborax slightly wider than prothorax, sides subparallel. Legs nearly uniform orange-yellow, except for a narrow wash (if brown along outer surfaces of bind femora; fore tarsus unarmed. Abdomen stout, heavy, about 1.4 times as broad as pterothorax. Tube three-fourths as long as head, slightly more than twice as wide at base as at apex, sides almost straight; abdominal bristles pointed, light brown; terminal bristles as long as tube. Measurements of holotype: Length 2.5!) mm.; bead, length .348 mm., width .288 mm.; prothorax, length .288 mm., width (inclusive of coxae) .438 mm.; pterotborax, width .480 mm.; abdomen, width .(iS4 mm.; tube, length .204 mm., width at base .131 mm., width at apex .05(1 mm. Antennal segments: 1, about 75/*; 2, about 75/*; 3, 111m; 4, length 102m, width 42m; 5, 96m; 6, 75m; 7, 58m; 8,50m; total length of antenna .64mm. Described from one female taken by sweeping, at Plum Point, Mary- land, August 0, 11)13, by W. L. McAtee. This is an easily recognized species, allied to C. dentipes (Renter) and C. bicoJor (Heeger). The short tube and the color of the legs and pro- thorax separate it readily from dentipes, while the coloration of the antennae and the absence of a sense-cone on the inner surfaceof the third antennal segment should serve to distinguish it from bicolor. Cryptothrips bicolor (Heeger). 1852. Phlceothrips bicolor Heeger, Sitzungsb. d. Akad. d. Wiss., Wien, IX, p. 477, tab. XVIII. 1889. Phlceothrips bicolor Uzel, Vesmir, rocnik XVIII, str. 25!). 1895. Cryptothrips bicolor Uzel, Monogr. d. Ordn. Thys., p. 235. This species appears to have been recorded only from Austria, where it was taken at Vienna as early as 1808, and in Bohemia, by Uzel, at a later date. Mr, J. C. Faure collected two females and one male of a Cryptothrips which agrees exactly with Uzel's description of bicolor, at Canastota, New York, March 12, 1913, from grass. It has been impos- sible to compare these specimens with European ones, because of the rarity of the species, but the identification is almost certainly correct. Megalothrips spinosus Hood. 1908. Megalothrijis (?) spinosus Hood, Can. Ent., vol. XL, p. 306, tigs. 16, 17. 1!)09. Megalothrips (?) spinosus Franklin, Ent. News, vol. XX, p. 231. 1910. I[dolothrips~] spinosus Crawford, Pomona Coll. Journ. Ent., vol. EI, p. 170. Specimens of this large thrips have been examined by the writer from the following localities: Harrisburg, Pennsylvania (type locality), March 10,3 females, "in burrows of Lepidopterous or Coleopterous larva in dead willow stem " ; Rockville, Pa., November 10, 1912, A. B. Cham- plain, 2:! females and 2 males, "from Cerambycid burrow in oak"; Hood — Studies in Tubuliferous Thysanoptera. 171 Nyack, New York, 1884, J. L. Zabriskie, I female, "ex. nest of Ceratina dupla Say" (coll. U. S. National Museum); Ithaca, N. Y., March 24, 1905, Miss Fletcher, 2 females, " from hole in dead twig" (from coll. J. C. Faure); Plummer's Island, Maryland (near Washington, D. C.)> June 8-October 12, W. L. McAtee and .1. I>. II I, both sexes and many nymphs from dead leaves in fork of willow tree, and from dead willow branch; Vienna, Virginia, April 7 and ]!>, 1913, Et. A. Cushman, 2 females, in old galls of < 1 norimoschema gallscsolidagin is on golden rod ; Carbondale, Illinois, July 30, 1909, L. M. Smith, 1 female, "in jar in which twig-girdlers (Oneideres cingulata Say) were being bred from per- simmon twigs" ; Muncie, Illinois, July 24, 1(.»0!», J. I). Hood, I female, in burrow in dead willow stem, with numerous eggs and young nymphs; St. Paul, Minnesota, September 19, 1908, H. J. Franklin, 2 females, from dead limb of white birch ( 1 female now in writer's collection). In the original description this species was placed with doubt in the genus Megalothrips Uzel and the statement made that the generic position must remain uncertain until the discovery of the male. Two years later Mr. D. L. Crawford remarked parenthetically that the species is " really an Idolothrips" and prophecied that " the males of I. spinosus will be found to have a large tarsal tooth." It was thus of great interest to me to note the prominent projections on the sixth abdominal segment of the males recorded above, nearly as shown by Uzel in his figure of Megalo- thrips bonannii, which make certain the reference of this species to Megalothrips. Explanation of Plates. The minor bristles and spines have usually been omitted in the figures on the following three plates, because of their unimportance in the differentiation of species and the impossibility of observing them except in specially prepared mounts. Plate III. Fig. 1. Trichothrips karnyi major subsp. now Head and prothorax, female (holotype). 2. Trichothrips zonattts sp. nov. Head and prothorax, female (holotype). .">. Haplothrips nubilipennis sp. nov. Head and prothorax, female (holotype). 4. Haplothrips nubilipennis. Segment .°> of left antenna, female (holotype). 5. Haplothrips faurei sp. nov. Segment 3 of left antenna, female (holotype). 6. Haplothrips faurei . Head and prothorax, female (holotype). 172 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Plate IV. Fig. 1. Haplothrips humilis sp. nov. Head and prothorax, female ( lmlotype). 2. Haplothrips humilis. Segment 3 of left antenna, female (holo- type). '■',. Haplothrips gov)deyi (Franklin). Segment 3 of left antenna, female ( paratype). 4. Rhynchothrips tridentatus (Shull). Segments 6-8 of right antenna. 5. Rhynchothrips tridentatus. Head and prothorax, female. (>. Liothrips caryse (Fitch) Hood. Head and prothorax, female (neoholotype). 7. Dichwtothrips brericollis gen. et sp. nov. Head and prothorax, female (holotype). Plate V. Fig. 1. Diceratothrips picticornis sp. nov. Head and prothorax, female (holotype). 2. Diceratothrips picticornis. Right fore femur, male (allotype). :!. Poly phemothrips corticis sp. nov. Head and prothorax, male (allotype). 4. ('ryplothrips gilcipes sp. nov. Head and prothorax, female (holotype). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Voi- XXVII, 1914. Plate III. Proc. Bioi.. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. Plate IV. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.. Vol. XXVII, 1914. Plate V Vol. XXVII, pp. 173-196 August 13, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF THIRTY APPARENTLY NEW GRIZZLY AND BROWN BEARS FROM NORTH AMERICA. BY ('. HART MERRIAM. 'I'lic present publication contains preliminary descriptions of thirty apparently undescribed species and subspecies of the big Bears — Grizzlies and big Brown Bears — of various parts of western America from northern Mexico to Arctic Alaska. This will be followed in the near future by more complete descrip- tions with fuller comparisons, known ranges, measurements and other matter, illustrated by photographs of skulls and teeth. Most of the species here published have been in manuscript for several years, and have been held back awaiting the acquisi- tion of fuller material. Through the kindly cooperation of the principal museums of America* and of a considerable number of sportsmen and hunters, enough skulls — more than 500 — have now been brought together to admit of working out the characters of most of the species, though much remains to be done in the way of mapping their geographic ranges. It will be a surprise to many to be told that until within a few months no museum in America contained either a skin or a skull of the adult male of the great Plains Grizzly Ursus horribilis — the ' White Bear " of Lewis and Clark — the first Grizzly to receive a scientific name. Until recently, not only were the characters of this splendid species unknown, but there was no certainty * American Museum of Natural History.New York; Carnegie Museum, Pittsburg; Field Museum of Natural History. Chicago; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cam- bridge; Provincial Museum, Victoria, B. C. ; Victoria Memorial Museum, Ottawa; Peabody Museum of Vale University; Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California ; and the Museums of the Universities of Iowa. Nebraska and Wyoming. 30— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. KXVII, 1914. (173) 174 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. as to which of three neighboring species was entitled to the name. The specimens in hand prove that in several parts of the Rocky Mountain region of the United States and British Columbia and in parts of southeastern Alaska, two perfectly distinct species — in some cases three — occupy the same terri- tory. This is a rather startling announcement but one con- cerning which there is not the shadow of a doubt. The list of persons who have aided me by the loan of material is too long for publication in the present connection, but it is a pleasure as well as a duty to express my appreciation of the invaluable assistance rendered by the loan or presentation of skins and skulls of Grizzly and Brown Bears utilized in the preparation of the following descriptions. The persons who have helped me in this way are: Miss Annie M. Alexander, C. E. Aiken, Dr. J. A. Allen, Edward F. Ball, H. C. Beggs, Mrs. C. C. Beggs, John P. Bird, Robert K. Blake, W. C. Brad- bury, Fred K. Burnham, Mr. and Mrs. E. S. Cameron, Elton Clark, Charles B. Cory, Charles R. Cross, Jr., Howard Eaton, J. D. Figgins, Joseph Grinnell, Samuel Henshaw, Dr. W. J. Holland, Dr. R. Houston, James T. Jardine, Francis Kermode, J. H. Kidder, Paul Klein eidam, Prof. S. H. Knight, Frederick Lambart, J. D. McGuire, George Mixter, Dr. Wm. Jason Mixter, G. Frederick Norton, Prof. C. C. Nutting, John M. Phillips, Warburton Pike, Wilson Potter, George D. Pratt, Dr. E. P. Richardson, Archibald Rogers, Carl Rungius, Homer E. Sargent, Professor W. B. Scott, Charles Sheldon, George Shiras, 3d & 4th, P. A. Taverner, E. R. Warren, A. Bryan Williams, W. W. Wood. Ursus alexandrae* sp. nov. Type from Kusilof Lake, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Sept. L906. X". 4752 c? old, Mus. Vert, Zool., Univ. Calif. Orig. No. 218. (Skull, skin and skeleton complete. ) Characters. — Size large; skull long and narrow with exceptionally broad rostrum; pelage very uniform in color, scarcely or not grizzled. Claws enormous (2d foreclaw of type specimen measuring: length from upper base 91 mm.; height at base 25 mm. ; breadth 11.5 mm.). The * Named in honor of Miss Annie M. Alexander of Oakland, California, whose collec- tion of Alaska Bears is second only to that of the Biological Survey and National Museum. s Merriam — Descriptions of New Bears from North America. 175 longest claw in Wilson Potter's specimen measures 120 mm.; in the male killed by Dall DeWeese 1 10 nun. Color. — (Type specimen, very old male, in fresh short fall pelage:) pale almost grayish, brown, becoming yellowish brown between oars, contrasting with pale brown of muzzle; legs and feet only slightly darker than back— entire animal remarkably unicolor; underfur plumbeous, crinkled and woolly. Another male, killed by Wilson Potter of Phila- delphia in May, 1912 (belonging to skull No. 181102 U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. — presented by Wilson Potter), is pale buffy in- clining to light " reddish brown" throughout, without grizzly appear- ance; legs only slightly darker. One killed by Dall DeWeese of Canyon City, Colorado. Sept. 7. 1897, is described by him as "grayish-yellow," with legs and sides chocolate brown. Cranial characters. — Skull large, long, rather narrow, with moderately spreading zygomata, short flatfish frontal shield, outstanding postorbitals ( with ;ii.ri' i ; very broad rostrum, and long and high sagittal crest. Frontal shield not markedly elevated above plane of rostrum; posterior root of zygoma not expanded. Canines large and long. Skull of male adult compared with male adult kenaiensis — the only other large bear known to inhabit Kenai Peninsula: Basal length, palate, and occipito-sphenoid essentially same; skull as a whole much narrower, frontal shield interor hi tally and across postorbital processes much narrower, flatter, more horizontal, not materially elevated above plane of rostrum; zygomata much less widely spreading, squamosal part much narrower (not expanded); sagittal crest much longer, reaching anteriorly over posterior % of frontals [in kenaiensis ending on or near fronto- parietal suture] ; posterior third of frontals compressed, rising in a keel to sagittal crest ; condyle of jaw, and glenoid fossa short (not produced outwardly as in kenaiensis). Canine teeth, both upper and lower, but especially the lower, much larger and longer. Remarks. — The skull of Ursus alexandrae is of a generalized type, lack- ing the special distinctive features that characterize several of its neigh- bors— as kenaiensis, sheMoni, and others — none of which are Grizzlies. Among the Grizzlies it stands alone in the great breadth of the rostrum — which in hears of its size is only exceeded hy the widely different Ursus kenaiensis, which can not be classed as a Grizzly. Ursus alexandrae attains to the largest size known among the Grizzly Bears, the biggest skulls equalling those of the huge Ursus magister of Southern California. Ursus eltonclarki * sp. nov. Type from near Freshwater Bay, Chichagof Island, the more northern of the Sitka Islands, Alaska, j1 adult No. 179066 U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. Collected May 19, 1912, by Elton Clark and by him presented to Biological Survey. Characters. — Size medium or rather small: skull small, long, narrow, and rather low, with flat frontal shield. Claws of true Grizzly type — smoothly polished; strongly curved and rather short; longest claw (in •Named in honor of Elton Clark, of Boston, who killed and presented the type specimen. 176 Proceedings of the, Biological Society of Washington. type specimen) from upper base 70 mm; dark bluish or plumbeous horn color streaked with whitish or yellowish. Color. — Color of type very dark and rich. Nose pale brown, darken- ing just in front of eyes; lace, head, and throat ricli dark chocolate brown, with golden brown wash in front of ears; ears and patch under each ear dusky; occiput and neck grizzled golden brown; back pale, overlaid by huffy tips; legs and feet varying from blackish brown to brownish black. Cranial characters. — Skull of male adult (the type) elongate, narrow; zygomata moderately spreading, outbowed, rounded posteriorly, squa- mosal part not vertically expanded ; frontal shield in same plane with rostrum, narrow, flat or. slightly concave, acutely rather short-pointed posteriorly, the point entering sagittal crest about one-third the distance from fronto-parietal suture to postorbital processes ; sagittal crest moderate, reaching a little more than half way from occiput to postorbital pro- cesses; postorbital processes rather thick, outstanding; fronto-nasal region elevated (not dished); rostrum high and sloping gently upward in plane of frontals; lachrymal opening within orbit; palate long and narrow; postpalatal shelf long; postpalatal notch long and narrow; occipito- sphenoid short, about SO mm.; basisphenoid deeply concave, without trace of median ridge. Lower jaw long. Teeth moderate: canines rather long; pni4 with moderately sloping heel slightly upturned at tip, sulcus very shallow; mi rather short, with cusplet on inner side of saddle posteriorly; m 2 with anterior moiety decidedly longer than posterior and twin cusps of entoconid small and not deeply notched ; pin1 largo and broad; m1 broad and rather short; m2 broad in anterior hall', then nar- rowing strongly, the heel obliquely truncate on outer side; cusps rather weak. Skull of adult female similar, but much smaller, distinctly dished, point of shield lyrate, zygomata more angular. Adult malt' eltonclarki (the tape) compared with adult, orgilos ( //"' type): Size essentially same; vault of cranium higher; rostrum and fronto- nasal region longer and more elevated; postorbital processes heavier ami shorter; occipito-sphenoid much shorter (80 mm. contrasted with 90); mandible more massive. Canines larger and longer; mishorter; m' and m2 shorter and broader (m2 broader in middle). Ursus orgilos sp. now Type No. L80280 (rather old), V. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Bartlett Bay, east side Glacier Bay, southeastern Alaska. August 22, 1912. A. Hasselborg. Cranial characters. — Size medium; skull long, rather narrow, low, Hat on top, slightly dished. Rostrum normal or rather small; nasasl nearly horizontal, slightly decurved (not uplifted) anteriorly, slightly ascending posteriorly into frontal shield ; shield rather narrow, flat, concave between orbits, acute pointed posteriorly; postorbital processes long, slender, out- standing, slightly decurved and recurved (posteriorly); braincase long and low ; squamosal shelves long; zygomata moderately spreading and Merriam — Descriptions of New Bears from North America. 177 strongly outbowed, the broadesl part more anterior than usual; sagittal crest straightand nearly horizontal ; palate long and rather narrow ; post- palatal shell' long ami Bat; jugal broad anteriorly, rising well above lachrymal duct; lachrymal duct opening within orbit; occipito-sphenoid long ( 90 nnu. ) ; lower jaw loner. Teeth of medium or rather small size. Remarks. The sex of the type skull is not known. Assuming it to he a female, its male, or one closely related, is No. 98101 I'. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll., male ad., presented to me at Sitka in 189!) by Governor Brady of Alaska. This latter skull is considerably larger, has much larger canines, hut slightly smaller upper molars. The two skulls are closely similar in general form and characters except that in the male No. '.'Slnl the posterior frontal region is a little more elevated, the frontal shield more strongly concave between orbits, the postorbital proces-e- heavier ( broader) and more decurved. Ursus innuitus sp. now Typi No. 179780 c? old, U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Golofnin Bay, south side of Seward Peninsula, northern Alaska. Col- lected in 1886 by Edward F. Ball. Cranial characters. — Size large, basal length essentially same as in horribilis and alexandrae hut occipito-nasal length much less, owing to -In irtness of occiput ; fronto-nasal region strikingly dished ; rostrum short, exceedingly broad (of same breadth as in alexandrae, very much broader than in horribilis), strongly depressed; frontal shield exceedingly broad interorbitally, rising high and abruptly from rostrum, nearly horizontal behind plane of postorbital processes, rather deeply sulcate medially and strongly swollen over orbits; postorbital processes large, subtriangular, outstanding and decurved; nasals nearly horizontal; palate and postpala- tal shelf broad; zygomata broadly spreading and outflowed posteriorly, acute anteriorly; nares broader than high; sagittal crest high posteriorly; lambdoid cresl large and full; coronoid blade narrow and high; ramus long and flat. Canines badly broken, apparently long; last lower premolar broad, broader posteriorly than anteriorly, the cusp small and sloping posteriorly without heel or marginal cusplets, but with narrow Sulcus; molars exceptionally large and broad, the last upper one with heel strikingly long and broad — agreeing almost exactly with that of true horribilis from eastern .Montana. Remarks — Ursus innuitus appears to be related to horribilis although their ranges are separated by an interval of about 2000 miles. Ignoring minor differences, innuitus differs from horribilis rather strikingly in the low short flattish and exceedingly broad rostrum, abruptly ascending frontal shield, and truncate occiput. The teeth, as above stated, are strikingly alike. Ursus internationalis sp. nov. TijjH cj' adult, Xo. L763 Ottawa Museum. Killed on Alaska- Yukon Boundary about 5U miles south of Arctic Coast ( lat. tiit3 00' .'In"), July :;, 1912, by Frederick Lambart of the Canadian Boundary Survey. 178 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Skull similar to that of phaeonyx but shorter; frontal shield more deeply ami broadly suleate (sides of sulcus rising very gradually); postorbital processes thicker and more decnrved; orbital rims more elevated (almost everted); sagittal crest lower and more sloping (probably higher and more horizontal in advanced age); palate and postpalatal shelf much shorter; postpalatal notch not truncate; occipito-sphenoid length decidedly less (84 against !)6). Last lower premolar conical and much smaller, lacking heel and without tract' of posterior sulcus or marginal cusplets (in phseonyx, heel, sulcus, and posterior cusplets well developed); 1st lower molar swollen; middle lower molar swollen and convex on inner side. Ursus russelli sp. nov. Type No. 21301 cT old, University of Iowa Museum, collected on the .Mackenzie Delta June 28, 1894, by Frank Russell. (Mounted skin with skull separate.) Characters. — Size rather small. Color a curious pale drab brown, somewhat darker on legs and feet; ears conspicuously hairy. Claws smooth, moderately to strongly curved ; brownish horn color with paler (almost amber) tips. Cranial characters. — Skull of medium size, about equaling old males of alascensis; rather short; fairly broad across zygomata; frontal shield sloping strongly upward, moderately suleate, swollen over orbits but orbits not everted; posterior point of shield rathershort, endingabout one-third the distance from fronto-parietal suture to postorbital processes; postorbital processes peg-like, standing out nearly horizontally — not depressed as in alascensis; muzzle rather narrow and high; zygomata slender, the pos- terior roots not expanded vertically; palate flat — not excavated or arched as in several species ; lower jaw massive, heavier under second and third molars than in alascensis ; coronoid blade falcate but not narrowly so. From its neighbor on the east, Ursus richardsoni, to which it may prove more nearly related than to any other species, and with the larger specimens of which it agrees in size and in certain dental characters, it differs in much more highly vaulted cranium ; more highly sloping ( less horizontal ) braincase; much more elevated frontal region, and very much narrower rostrum. The frontal shield is much longer than in richardsoni, the temporal impressions curving backward to meet one another about ':! the distance between postorbital processes and fronto-parietal suture, instead of turning abruptly inward ; postorbital processes more slender than in richardsoni ; sagittal crest shorter and less horizontal; upper molars very much larger, particularly broader. The zygomatic arches are bowed out- ward in both species— not sharply angular as in many of the large bears. Ursus stikeenensis sp. nov. Type from Tatletuey Lake, near head of Skeena River, northern British Columbia. No. 202794 c? ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. Collected Sept. 23, 1913, by Chas. R. Cross, Jr., and E. A. Preble. Orig. No. 5772. Merriatn — Desmptions of New Bears from North America. 17(J Characters. — Size medium; skull short and broad; claws short and strongly curved for a Grizzly (longesl 60 nun. — tips worn by digging), dark, marked with yellowish on tips and sides. Upper molars large. Total length before skinning 1830 nun.; hind loot 267 nun.; estimated height at shoulder ;{!.' inches (990 mm. ). Color. — Genera] ground color dark brown, grizzled and washed with pale tipped hairs. .Muzzle pale brown, becoming darker between eyes and on sides of face; top of head in front of ears washed with yellowish brown — almost forming a golden brown hand between the darker ungriz- /led frontal region and the more whitish color of the neck ; general ground color of body very dark, bountifully overlaid on neck and back by pale bully-tipped hairs which give a whitish cast to the neck; ears dark ; legs and feet blackish; under parts dark brown; hairs on sides of throat long and grizzly. Cranial characters. — Size medium; skull short, broad, highly arched, strongly dished, with abruptly ascending frontals and large molar teeth. Muzzle short, broad, broadening and strongly ascending posteriorly ; nasals strongly upturned posteriorly; frontal shield rather broad, rising abruptly and swollen in front of and above orbits, sulcate medially, short- pointed, the point ending in sagittal crest about 30 mm. anterior to fronto-parietal suture; postorbital processes large, broad, subtriangular, and decurved, braincase long for size of skull; zygomata rather broadly spreading and slightly outbowed; palate and postpalatal shelf broad, Molars large and broad. ■ Male adult stikeenensis compared with male adult absarokus (apparently it- nearest relative): size nearly the same though absarokus appears the larger; basal length and frontal breadth approximately same, but occipito- nasal length much greater in absarokus. In stikeenensis rostrum lower, flatter, and more horizontal; frontal shield and posterior part of nasals rising much more abruptly ; frontals much more swollen in front of orbits ; point of shield much shorter (ending midway between plane of postor- bitals and fronto-parietal suture, while in absarokus it reaches posteriorly to suture); inion short; palate broader; lower jaw shorter; coronoid lower. Ursus nortoni * sp. nov. Ttip, No. 178763 $ adult, V. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collec- tion. From Yakutat, Alaska. May, 1910. G. Frederick Norton. Origi- nal No. A5 (mother of 6" cut) No. 1787(i4). ( 'haracters. — Belongs to the Grizzly group; related to stikeenensis. Size medium; coloration pale; skull broad and massive. Cranial characters. — Skull large, broad, with moderately spreading rounded zygomata, broadly expanded squamosal shelf, broad frontal region, and moderately dished froiito-nasal area. Frontal shield broad and long, its lyrate point reaching back to middle of parietals; postorbital processes large and broadly outspreading; rostrum broad, short, and somewhat depressed; palate and postpalatal shelf broad ; occiput broad, * Named in In mm- of G. Frederick Norton, who collected the type specimen and pre- sented it to tli.- Biological Survey. 180 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. low, truncate. Incisors large; canines and molars rather small for size of skull. Skull of adult male unknown. Ursus imperator sp. now Type from Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. No. 1 7«>L'i»7 o1 old, I'. S. Nat. Mus. ( Died in National Zoological Park. ) Cranial characters. — Size large (slightly larger than absarokus); skull of old male (the type) massive, moderately arched, strongly dished, with exceedingly short frontal shield, long and high sagittal crest, and long peg-like outstanding postorbital processes. Muzzle short, narrow for so large a skull, somewhat compressed below nasals; nasals nearly hori- zontal; frontal shield rising strongly just in front of orhits, flatfish, shallowly sulcate medially, ending in short obtuse point about 30 mm. behind plane of postorbitals ; postorbitals long, peg-like, horizontally outstanding; braincase long; lachrymal duct opening on orbital rim; zygomata moderately outstanding and outbowed, the squamosal base broadly expanded; squamosal shelves broad, arched over meatus; palate moderate; postpalatal shelf long; occipito-sphenoid 91 mm.; mastoids short; lower jaw large, long, and massive, with high vertical coronoid blade. Teeth large. Old vialf imperator {the type) compared with old male absarokus (No. 2893 U. S. Nat. Mus.): Size larger; frontal shield broader; postorbital processes longer and more widely outstanding; rostrum higher and more horizontal (in absarokus lower anteriorly and more sloping); sagittal crest longer, its iwr edge nearly straight instead of arched; squamosal root of zygoma very much more expanded vertically ; palate much longer; lower jaw longer and more massive. Compared, with old male stikeenensis (No. 171049); Much larger and more massive; frontal shield Matter ; squamosal base of zygoma very much more broadly expanded; palate and postpalatal shelf much longer; lower jaw much longer; coronoid blade much higher ami more vertical. Old female imperator (No. 177660 U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey ( 'oil., collected near Lake Hotel, Yellowstone National Park, July 20, 1911. by Dr. P. S. Kellogg): Size large; zygomata moderately spreading, only slightly outbowed; braincase rather short, broadly rounded, without tendency to " keeling " ; frontal shield rather broad, Mattish, slightly convex laterally, slightly sulcate medially, its sub-lyrate point reaching I'roiito-parietal suture; postorbital processes rather large and short, out- standing, blunt or subtriangular, decurved ; fronto-nasal region somewhat dished; rostrum broad, high, and rather short; lachrymal duct cutting orbital rim ; squamosal arm of zygoma moderately expanded, the anterior root strongly swollen under front of orbit; sagittal crest moderate, nearly covering parietal; occiput obliquely truncate; inion moderate; palate broad ; occipito-sphenoid about 80 nun. ; under jaw large and massive. Teeth large, much as in female absarokus but upper molars broader; canines and molars much larger than in female Ursus shoshone. Old female imperator (No. 177660) compared with old female stikeenensis {No. 180981 ) : Skulls surprisingly alike in size, general form, and propor- Merriam — Descriptions of New Bears from North America. 181 tions. *ln imperator posterior frontal region less elevated; postorbital processes shorter ; squamosal base of zygoma much more expanded ver- tically— differences that seem trivial by c parison with those thai characterize the male skulls. old female imperator compared with adult female absarokus (from head Big Porcupine Creek, Montana, No. L3245 1. S. Nat. Mus.): Size essen- tially same; nasals more horizontal; fronto-nasal region much more dished; frontal shield much broader; postorbital processes much more massive; squamosal root of zygoma broadly expanded [in absarokus not expanded]; palate much broader; upper molars broader. Ursus absarokus* sp. nov. Type No. 67391 cT ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From head of Little Bighorn River, northern part of Bighorn Mts., Montana. Purchased for the Biological Survey in May, 1893, by J. Alden Loring. Characters. — Size large, hut much less than horribilis and with much smaller molars — especially m\ External characters unknown. Skull of male ( type specimen ). — Vault of cranium rather highly arched ; zygomata moderately outspreading and somewhat bowed; frontal shield of moderate breadth, rising strongly from ascending rostrum, convex at and behind plane of postorbital processes, swollen on each side of median line just behind plane of orbits; postorbital processes large, outstanding, and -lightly decurved, the tips bluntly rounded; sagittal crest nearly straight, highest posteriorly, reaching anteriorly to fronto-parietal suture; postpalatal shelf broad and flat; nasals large; nares normal or rather small for size of skull; rostrum high, of moderate length and breadth, rising strongly into frontal shield; top of coronoid broadly rounded, its apex short, not reaching posteriorly to plane of condyle. Teeth rather large, especially m2 which is long and broad, the heel emarginate on outer side. Skull of female (No. 13245 U. S. Nat. Mus. From head of Big Porcu- pine Creek [not Porcupine River] between Mussel-hell and Yellowstone Rivers, eastern Montana). — Of generalized Grizzly type; large and rather massive; vault of cranium rather flat; braincase rather broad; frontal shield of moderate breadth, slightly convex, slightly depressed or sulcate between orbits, elongate-lyrate posteriorly; postorbital processes weak and slightly decurved: sagittal crest not yet reaching fronto-parietal suture; muzzle moderate or rather short; zygomata moderately spread- ing and rather angular: palate rather narrow. Teeth large; mMarge ami subrectangular. Ursus tahltanicus sp. nov. Type No. L79928 cT old, U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Klappan Creek (=3d So. Fk. Stikine River), British Columbia. Col- lected and presented by (i. Frederick Norton. Characters. — Size medium (skidl of male slightly smaller than male stikeenensis and canadensis; skull of female about same size as female stikeenensis, decidedly larger than female canadensis). Color of type * Named for the i.bsaroka or Crow tribe of Indians, in whose territorj thej occur 182 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. specimen black (head absent, but entire body and legs almost coal black, lightly grizzled on anterior part of back by tips of golden-brownish). Cranial characters. — Adult and old males: Rostrum rather narrow (in old age compressed in front of orbits); vault of cranium low, fiattish; frontal shield of moderate breadth, Hat or depressed (sometimes sulcate medially), rather short-pointed, sloping gradually to plane of muzzle, and only slightly dished in fronto-nasal region; postorbital processes peg-like, horizontally outstanding; sagittal crest low, reaching forward about half- way ( in extreme age a little more than halfway) from inion to postorbitals ; zygomata broadly spreading and bowed; palate of median breadth; post- palatal shelf broad and flat (in type, an aged skull, less broad ) ; squamosal shelves broad: squamosal root of zygoma not vertically expanded; infra- jugal process of maxillary rather strongly developed ; lower jaw short — much shorter than in stikeenensis , shoshone, and canad< nsis ; its ramus not flattened. Teeth rather small: canines and molars much smaller than in stikeenensis. Skull of female relatively large (about same length as female stikeenensis but much narrower; much larger than female shoshone and canadensis ; vault of cranium moderately elevated, with tendency to fronto-parietal hump; facial part of skull large and long; frontal shield long, rather narrow, lyre-shape posteriorly, meeting sagittal crest some distance pos- terior to fronto-parietal suture; fronto-nasal region well dished; palate and postpalatal shelf long ; zygomata moderately spreading and conspicu- ously outbowed ; under jaw long. Young females are best told by the teeth, especially the lower canines. In tahltanicus the lower canines are shorter and more slender than those of stikeenensis. In the latter species they are longer and thicker — espe- cially thick in middle. Ursus toklat sp. now Type No. 158813 $ ad., IT. S. Xat. Mus., Biological Survey ('oil. From head of Toklat River, north base of Alaska Range near Mt. McKinley. Collected May 24, 1908, by Charles Sheldon and by him presented to the Biological Survey. Orig. No. :'.L'4. Mother of cub No. L58814 (Orig. No. 325). Characters. — Size medium; color variable, the upper parts ranging from ordinary "grizzly bear color" to creamy white; claws horny and smooth, usually dark throughout but in many cases more or less marked with white. Skull of both male and female rather highly arched and dished, that of female much smaller and lower than male and more strongly dished. Last upper molar large; heel very long. Cranial characters of adult males. — Size medium; rostrum high, sub- terete above, nearly horizontal; frontal shield abruptly elevated, swollen over orbits, sulcate medially, rather long pointed (reaching fronto- parietal suture); postorbital processes rather small and strongly de- curved; squamosal shelves short; palate arched and excavated longi- tudinally; zygomata very broadly spreading and angular (zygomatic Merriam — Descriptions of New Bears from North America* 183 breadth in proportion to basal length much greater than in any other true Grizzly, abonl equalling thai of Ursus sheldoni); sagittal crest short. Las! upper molar large, its heel normally very long. Cranial characters of adult females. — Skull rather long and narrow, with broadly spreading zygomata and strongly dished fronto-iTasal region ; frontal shield rather flat, becoming flatter with advancing age, sulcate between orbits, varying from lyre-pointed to short-pointed; postorbital processes outstanding horizontally; rostrum nearly horizontal. Inmost specimens the highest point of the cranium culminates in a rather abrupt change of angle at or near the Eronto-parietal suture, forming a sort of "hump," a condition usual also in skulls of female Grizzlies from the Upper Yukon and northern British Columbia. Old nude toklat compared with old male alascensis: frontal region more elevate'!; sagittal cresl shorter; zygomatic breadth much greater ; heel of last upper molar much longi r. Old male toklat compared with old male phaeonyx : length about the same; zygomatic breadth very much greater, particularly with reference to basal length; frontals much more highly arched; sagittal crest shorter and lower: last upper molar larger — the heel much longer. Adult female toklat compared with that of alascensis: size decidedly smaller: vault of cranium decidedly lower, highest over posterior part of frontals instead of over middle of frontals; frontal shield narrow, flat- tened, sloping (not arched and not materially swollen over orbits); post- orbital processes outstanding horizontally; fronto-nasal region strongly dished ; palate, post-palatal shelf, and occipito-sphenoid shorter; m2 with hi i / much longer. Adult ft mali toklat compared with adult female phaeonyx: size decidedly greater; teeth much larger, especially the canines and last upper molars. Ursus phaeonyx latifrons subsp. nov. Type cj old, No. 75612 U. S. Nat. Mus., Biol. Survey Coll. Collected at Jasper House, Alberta, Sept. L5, 1895, by J. Alden boring (original No. 3270). Characters. — Size medium; skull moderately arched and moderately dished; base of skull elongate posteriorly; frontal shield very broad (interorbitally93; between postorbital processes 130), rising from rostrum rather abruptly, broadly sulcate medially, convex over orbits; postor- bital processes rather large and outspreading, slightly decurved; orbital rims thickened; rostrum rather high, nearly horizontal, its upper surface rounded (subterete); zygomata moderately spreading and broadly out- bowed, the squamosal part moderately expanded vertically; palate 175 mm., postpalatal shelf hroad; postpalatal length 145; occipito-sphenoid 89; sagittal crest well developed; lower jaw as a whole, and inferior border of ramus long; coronoid moderately falcate. Teeth of moderate size (very badly worn in type skull). Compared with phai ' i, H/.r. — Size and general character- essentially same, Kut fmntal shield broader ; postorbital processes much larger and more 184 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. outstanding; base of cranium longer (postpalatal length and occipito- sphenoid slightly greater) ; outer side of zygomata straighter ( less bowed ) ; meatus tube longer ; lower jaw longer ; angle and condyle more elevated. Ursus shoshone sp. nov. Type from Estes Park, Rocky Mts. of northern Colorado. Xo. 20:5185 c? old, b. S. Nat. Mas., Biological Survey Coll. Purchased. Characters. — Size medium or rather large, but much smaller than hor- ribilis and bairdi — about same size &sabsarokus but narrower and widely different. External characters unknown. Cranial characters. — Skull rather long and high, with flattish long- sloping frontal shield continuing plane of rostrum to high point about midway between postorbitals and fronto-pariefcal suture; moderately spreading zygomata; anterior (frontal) part of braincase keeling into sagittal crest; sagittal crest long and high; lambdoid crest high ; post- orbital processes peg-like, outstanding, rather slender; nasal region slightly dished and sulfate in middle third (nasals dipping toward one another — may be individual); rostrum of moderate breadth, strongly ascending in plane of frontal shield; lachrymal duct on inner aspect of orbital rim. Skull of adult female (from Ft. Fred Steele, Wyoming, No. 20376] U.S. Nat. Mus., Biol. Survey Coll.) : Skull long, low, and rather slender; frontal shield narrow, long lyre-pointed posteriorly, flat interorbitally, slightly convex (transversely) from plane of postorbitals posteriorly ; a slight depression on each frontal on inner ( medial) side of postorbital process; postorbitals slender and outstanding; rostrum slender; sagittal crest short, reaching oidy half way from iniOn to fronto-parietal suture; lambdoid crest moderate; meatus tube short; apex of coronoid produced posteriorly, overhanging deep coronoid notch; ramus flat and light. Teeth rather small; upper molars relatively large; lower molars narrow. Adult male shoshone compared with adult male horriaeus : Rostrum, nasals, and frontal shield more elevated and much more strongly ascend- ing posteriorly (less flattened and less horizontal); lambdoid much more strongly developed. Adult male shoshone compared with adult male absarokus : Frontal shield flat, rising gradually in long continuous slope to highest point, about 25 mm. anterior to fronto-parietal suture [in absarokus arched, strongly con- vex, and rising suddenly to highest point, immediately behind orbits] ; postorbital processes more slender; fronto-nasal region only slightly dished; rostrum more slender; braincase narrower; breadth across squamosal shelves less. Ursus shoshone canadensis subsp. nov. Type from Moose Pass, near Mt. Robson, British Columbia. No. 174511 d" ad., b. S. Nat, Mus. Collected by N. Hollisterand Charles D. Walcott, Jr., July 23, 1911. Orig. No. in Hollister catalogue 3792. Characters (Type specimen). — Size medium; color brown, grizzled with Merriam — Descriptions of New Bears from North America. 185 buff; claws slmrt for a Grizzly, rather (hick, moderately curved, pale yellowish mi upper surface and tips, brownish horn color <>n sides. Color. — Muzzle very pale drab brown, changing to darker brown on head, face, and chin: darkest around ears; top of head, cheeks poster- iorly,* ears, hack and thighs washed with buffy whitish from abundance of buffy-tipped hairs; fore leg and lower part of hind leg and feet very dark (almost blackish brown); long hairs of throat and axillary region pale yellowish; of rest of under parts dark brown. ( 'niiiial characters. — ( Ad. male, the type ) Similar in general to shoshom hut vault of cranium lower, frontal shield less ascending, flatter, and equally short posteriorly; postorbital processes long, slender, slightly decurved; rostrum narrowing anteriorly (wedge shape); posterior half of nasals rising in same plane with frontal shield; sagittal crest long, high, and convex, reaching anteriorly about 10 mm. over frontals; frontal part of hrainease keeling into crest as in shoshont ; zygomata less outbowed ; lower jaw longer; coronoid blade broader and shorter. Canines rather short and thick. .Molars broad and rather short, materially broader and more massive than in shoshone; m- broadly subtriangular, the heel short and rounded posteriorly. Ursus klainathensis sp. nov. Type No. 178735 c? adult, I'. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Beswick, near mouth of Shovel Creek, Klamath River, north- eastern California. Collected and presented by Charles Farwell Edson. Character?. — Size of male large; skull in general of the shoshone type, hut larger and with heavier canines, ('laws moderate, rather strongly curved, horn color washed with yellowish basally and with pale yellowish markings at tips ; marked longitudinally with line parallel striae. Skin characters unknown. Curiously enough, Ursus klamathensis does not require close comparison with any of the other species inhabiting California, its only near relative being Ursus shoshone of the Rocky Mts. of Idaho. Female unknown. Cranial characters. — Skull large and rather highly arched; highest on posterior part of frontals; rostrum long, high, and ascending in plane of frontal shield; fronto-nasal region elevated, scarcely if at all dished; sagit- tal crest long and well developed; frontal shield Hat, sloping, and rather short-pointed; lachrymal duct opening on orbital rim ( rather posteriorly than anteriorly I ; zygomata moderately spreading, not expanded pos- teriorly;! anterior! frontal ) part of hrainease "keeling" into sagittal crest : occiput produced posteriorly ( overhang much greater than in californiCUS I; squamosal shelves long and broad; palate rather Hat; occipito-sphenoid length 89 mm.; basioccipital very broad anteriorly; mastoids vertical, short; lower jaw long; coronoid blade high ; ramus exceptionally broad • The long whitish-tipped hairs of the old coat have fallen out on the cheeks ami anterior part of head nearlj \>< ears. "An old skull of an ad. male (No. 16624 U.S. Nat. Mus.) from Bairdon the lower McCloud River, Calif., has the posterior or squamosal pari of the zygomata abruptly expanded. 186 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. vertically. Canines large; molars moderate; last upper molar relatively small, the heel emarginate or obliquely truncate on outer side; middle lower molar with anterior moiety much larger than posterior. Compared with an old male shoshone from North Fork Teton River, eastern Idaho (No. 93 Merriam Coll. ): Similar in general form and pro- portions but larger ( basilo-condylar length 350 contrasted with 335); vault of cranium somewhat higher; frontal shield broader and Matter; palatal length about the same; postpalatal length much greater (150 contrasted with loo); opening of lachrymal duct slightly more posterior ; basioccip- ital anteriorly very much broader; lower jaw decidedly longer; ramus much broader vertically. Canines larger and longer; last upper molar shorter. In size and characters Mamathensis resembles pervagor of the coast region of British Columbia, but the two differ markedly in certain specific characters. Omitting details, in klamathensis the rostrum and frontal shield form a continuous slope; in pervagor the nasal region is dished; in klamathensis the ramus of lower jaw is broadly expanded vertically; in pervagor normal; in klamathensis the canines are large, the molars moderate; in pervagor both canines and molars are exceptionally small. In both the basioccipital is broad. Contrasted with old male henshawi of the southern Sierra, male klama- thensis may be distinguished at a glance by its much larger size, much higher vault of cranium, elevated fronto-nasal region, and continuously sloping frontal shield and rostrum — in striking contrast with the depressed and strongly dished fronto-nasal region of henshawi. Compared with Ursus californicus from the coast region south of San Francisco Bay, the differences are marked in the skull and striking in the teeth. In klamathensis the vault of the cranium is lower posteriorly and higher anteriorly ; the frontal shield flatter laterally ; the rostrum shorter ; the base of the cranium (occi pi to-sphenoid) decidedly shorter. The last upper and middle lower molars are widely different, the heel of m2 in cali- fornicus large, long, anil broad posteriorly, while in klamathensis it is small and emarginate on outer side ; the anterior part of in 2 in californ- icus normal, while in klamathensis it is disproportionally large. Ursus pervagor sp. nov. Type from Pemberton Lake, British Columbia, in edge of humid coast strip, r? ad., No. 187887 U. S. Nat. Mus. (=No. 6510 .Merriam Coll.). May, 188:'>. John Fannin. Cranial characters. — Size large ; skull of adult male long, rather narrow, highly arched, moderately dished; zygomata moderately spreading and outbowed; frontal slope gradual; frontal shield of moderate breadth, rather flat, rising gradually to halfway between plane of postorbital processes and fronto-parietal suture, slightly decurved posteriorly, shallowly sulcate medially, swelling on each side just behind plane of postorbitals ; postorbital processes outstanding, thick, peg-like; postpalatal shelf broad and flat; frontal part of braincase elevated, supporting pos- Merriam — Descriptions of New Bears from North America. 187 teriorpart of frontal shield; palate long; squamosal shelf long; lachrymal duct opening on orbital side of orbital rim; mastoid processes long; interpterygoid fossa shorl and broad; lower jaw long; coronoid broad; ramus long and swollen on outer side. Teeth small, particularly the canines and lower molars. Ursus caurinus sp. nov. Typt from Berners Bay, east side Lynn Canal, southeastern Alaska. 9 ad.. No. 176591 U.S. Nat. Mus., Biol. Survey Coll. Collected June s. p.i 1 1, by A. Hasselborg. Characters. — Size rather large; skull long and rather narrow; canines long, the lower ones massive; claws smoothly polished. Color. — Upperparts yellowish hull'; face and most of head pale brown or drab; ears, hump, and underparts conspicuously darker; legs and feet dark brown or brownish black. Cranial characters. — Skull (both male and female) long and narrow, highly arched, moderately dished, frontal shield narrow, strongly ascend- ing posteriorly; postorbital processes weak and decurved; frontal part of braincase elevated, forming an uplifted base for posterior part of frontal shield; palate long; postpalatal shelf rather narrow; squamosal shelf long; lachrymal duct opening within orbital rim; ramus of jaw vertically flattened and broad. Compared tilth pervagor: Frontal shield narrower; postpalatal shelf narrower; lower jaw and inferior border of ramus shorter; ramus flatter on outer side and broader vertically; coronoid blade narrower and more falcate. Upper canines longer; lower canines conspicuously longer and larger; lower molars longer; heel of large lower premolar sloping, without distinct posterior cusplets. Ursus colusus sp. nov. Type from Sacramento River, Calif, (probably from between Colusa and Sacramento). No. 3837 c? old, U. S. Xat. Mus. Collected by the Wilkes I'. S. Exploring Expd. and marked " C. P. Ex. Ex. 6.16" (the numerals uncertain, there being indication of a figure in front of the first 6). The words "Grizzly Bear, Sacramento " are written on the right parietal in pencil. Cranial characters. — Skull of old male large, long, and low — in general resembling largest skulls of californicus but having very much smaller teeth and differing in numerous cranial characters. Compared with old male californicus from Monterey: fronto-nasal region and rostrum more depressed; postorbitals much smaller and less swollen; orbital rims less swollen ; sagittal crest longer; squamosal base of zygoma less expanded; palate broader anteriorly; ramus much less broad vertically ; dentition weaker and strikingly different. The canines are too badly broken to admit of satisfactory comparison, but obviously were smaller; the upper incisors and both upper and lower molars are 188 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. very much smaller; the heel of m2 small and strongly emarginate on outer side, of same size and approximately same form as in klamathensis but even more strongly constricted on outer side immediately behind second cusp; lower molars of same size as in klamathensis though the jaw is much longer. Compared with klamathensis: postprbitals, length of sagittal crest, form of zygomata, and dentition essentially same; but skull longer; vault of cranium much lower; frontal shield narrower and much shorter ; temporal beads much more strongly incurved; fronto-nasal region dished instead of elevated; rostrum mucjt lower, more depressed, and more horizontal; ramus longer, less broad vertically; diastema much longer. The skull of a young-adult female from San Jose Mission ( No. 1143 Yale Museum) appears to he a not quite grown female of Ursus colusus. The last upper molar is short and subtriangular, the heel emarginate on outer side. Ursus californicus tularensis subsp. nov. Type from old Fort Tejon, Canada de las (Jvas, Tehachapi Mts., Calif. No. 3536 cJ old, C. S. Nat. Mus. Collected by John Xantus. ( 'ranial characU ex. — Skull of adult and old males similar to californicus but smaller; base of cranium somewhat shorter; palate slightly shorter; occipito-nasal length decidedly less; braincase decidedly shorter; zygo- matic breadth same or slightly greater — the skull as a whole relatively broader than in californicus; postpalatal shelf broader; lower jaw materially shorter; first upper molar decidedly smaller (both shorter and narrower) ; lower series of teeth smaller, m i and m? particularly smaller, much narrower and less massive; heel of last upper molar less broad than in californicus. Adult male Tejon Grizzly compared with Ursus henshawi (the type) from the southern Sierra: skull larger and more massive; fronto-nasal region much less dished ; rostrum larger, higher, and not depressed; zygomata more broadly spreading; postpalatal shelf broader; coronoid larger and less falcate; ramus broader vertically; last upper molar much larger, the heel long and broad posteriorly, contrasted with the short subtriangular heel of henshawi. Females (adult and old) of the Tejon Grizzly are more easily distin- guished than males from their nearest relative, Ursus californicus. The skull of the female is much more like the normal female Grizzly type, not resembling the males as does the female of California's. Compared with female californicus: skull decidedly smaller; frontal shield behind plane of postorbital processes more elevated and convex — not depressed and concave as in californicus ; point of shield longer and broader ; orbital rims more swollen ; sagittal crest shorter and lower ; palate at least 10 mm. shorter ; occipito-sphenoid about 10 mm. shorter ; lower jaw smaller and lighter; last upper molar decidedly smaller. Normal m 2 subrectangular as in californicus [in henshawi subtriangular and small]. Merriam — Descriptions of New Bears from North America. 189 Ursus magister sp. nov. Tijpe No. 160155 rj old, l\ S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Los Biacitos, head of San Onofre Canyon, Santa Ana Mts., Southern California. August, 1900 or L901. Killed and presented by I lenry A . Stewart . Characters. — Size of male, huge (estimated weigh! over L400 pounds), largest of the known ( rrizzlies, considerably larger than / Trsus californicus of the Monterey region, and even than Ursus horribilis, the greal buffalo killing Grizzly of the Plains (only equalled by the largesl alexandrai of Kenai Peninsula); sexual disparity great, skull of female hardly half the bulk of nude; skull of male of rather a generalized type; not dished. ('laws of old female from head of Trabuco Canyon, Santa Ana .Mts., exceedingly long, strongly curved, mainly yellowish above. ( 'olor. — (Old female from head of Trabuco Canyon) : General color dusky or sooty all over except head and grizzling of back. Muzzle gray or mouse In-own, palest above; top of head and neck very dark brown sparsely grizzled with pale tipped hairs; back dusky grizzled with grayish ; legs and under parts wholly blackish. Cranial characters. — Skull long, vault of cranium well arched, but not abruptly; rostrum long and high; fronto-nasal region elevated, in same plane with frontal shield and rostrum; frontal shield flatfish but not flat, slightly sulcate medially and slightly swollen on each side between post- orbital processes, the point reaching fronto-parietal suture; zygomata only i lerately spreading, angular, the posterior root somewhat expanded and rising rather abruptly from plane of squamosal shelf; sagittal crest rather short; palate scooped out anteriorily, forming a basin-like depres- sion surrounding the anterior palatine foramina; occipito-sphenoid length 103. 5 mm. Teeth large and broad but by no means disproportionate to [arge size of skull; 1st upper molar broad; last upper molar absent, but from its alveolus and its form in the female, obviously broad, short, strongly triangular, the heel small, narrowed posteriorly, obliquely emarginate on outer side; 4th lower premolar broad, with rather short slightly sloping heel, narrow, imperfect sulcus, without posterior cusplets ; 1st lower molar apparently normal (much worn in type specimen); middle lower molar absent in type specimen but apparently normal, judging from the female (in which, however, it is badly worn). skull of female of extreme age from Trabuco Canyon (No. 156594, U.S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll., killed Jan. 5, 1908, by Andrew Joplinand Edward Adkinson): Size small ; rostrum short and depressed ; fronto-nasal region strongly dished ; frontal shield rlattish, slightly sulcate interorbitally, short-pointed, beaded posteriorly by elevated temporal impressions, rising rather abruptly at orbits ; sagittal crest long and nearly horizontal; palate and postpalatal shelf broad, flat posteriorly, concave anteriorly. Mi asun rrn nts in flesh of old male (the type) : Height at shoulder from Hat of foot 4 ft. ( = 1220 mm.); total length, snout to tail 9}£ ft.* * Apparently an error. I'.iu Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. (=2900 mm.); sole of largest foot without claws: length 12 in. (=?,05 mm. ) ; breadth 8 in. (=204 mm. ). The old female from Trabuca Canyon measured in the flesh by Andrew Joplin, 0 ft. 3 in. Ursus henshawi sp. now Type from .southern Sierra Nevada near Havilah, Kern Co., Calif. No. I5H71 c? old. I'. S. Nat. Mus. Collected in 1875 by Dr. .1. T. Rothrock and Henry W. Henshaw. Characters. — Size rather small— by far the smallest of the California Grizzlies ; size and general cranial characters as in horriaeus, hut fronto- nasal region strongly dished and rostrum strongly depressed, hast upper molar short and broad, the heel short and subtriangular. Skin char- acters unknown. Cranial characters. — Skull long, narrow, and rather low, with narrowly spreading zygomata, gently sloping flat-concave frontal shield, massive and somewhat arched postorbital processes, swollen orbital rims, strongly depressed and dished fronto-nasal region, and low depressed rostrum. Compared with an equally old male horriaeus (the type, from Copper- mines, Xew Mexico): similar in general, but rostrum strongly depressed; nasals flattened and horizontal anteriorly ; fronto-nasal region strongly "dished" (in linn- in? us rather high and not dished ) : frontal shield strongly and broadly concave between orbits and between postorbital processes (only faintly silicate in horriaeus); more strongly sloping anteriorly; postorbital processes shorter and blinder: orbital rims more prominent , relatively thin, somewhat everted, continuing to lachrymal notch — their prominence anteriorly due in part to presence of a broad sulcus in ascending arm of maxillary immediately in front of orbit; lachrymal duct opening in orbit posterior to orbital rim (in horriaeus, on or anterior to rim); anterior nares broader than high (contrary true in horriaeus); lambdoid crest higher; inion much shorter; occipital over- hang much less; palate decidedly broader; interpterygoid canal shorter ; basisphenoid more deeply excavated on each side of median line; exposed presphenoid longer (probably not constant); mastoid processes much longer and more divergent; anterior part of pterygoids more broadly expanded vertically and articulating with a like expansion of posterior arms of palatines (probably not constant). Upper molars decidedly broader (canines broken off). Ursus nelsoni* sp. nov. Type 9 adult No. 00(157 U. 3. Nat, Mus., Biol. Survey Coll., from Colonia Garcia, Chihuahua, Mexico. Collected November 13, 1899, by II. A. Cluff. Characters. — Size, smallest of the Grizzly Bears. General color, pale buffy yellowish, varying to grayish-white, grizzled from darker color of underfur. Specimens in worn pelage vary to yellowish-brown and even rusty. Hairs of throat and flanks longer than elsewhere; belly sparsely haired, lacking the thick underfur of upper parts. *Named in honor of E. W. Nelson, who secured a series for the U.S. Biological Survey. Merriam — Descriptions of New Bears from North America. I'M Description of typ< specimen in fresh fall pelage. — Muzzle pale brown, much darker around eyes; top of head yellowish-buff; hack grayish- brown, heavily overbid with pale buffy-gray tips (color more buffy across the shoulders, mimic whitish-gray on the back); hump dark In-own, small; rump grizzled grayish and brown, the light tipped hairs failing posteriorly and on the sides, the dark brown ground color passing into blackish-brown on thighs, legs, feet and tail; forelegs also blackish-brown ; lips and point of chin yellowish-buff, followed by area of dark brown; nnderneck and underparts generally long haired and grizzled, the pre- vailing color yellowish-buff. Claws long, smooth, and moderately curved; brownish horn-color streaked with yellowish. Longest claw 5(5 nun. from upper base to tip ( tip worn off). Cranial characters. — Adult male: Skull small; similar in general form to horriaeus, but more wolf like; .size of female horriaeus; rostrum strikingly narrow ; frontal shield narrow and only faintly sulcate medi- ally; temporal impressions not headed [in horriaeus strongly beaded]; occipito-sphenoid length nearly as great as in horriaeus, but palatal and postpalatal ■ lengths much less; posterior root of zygoma slender; post- orbital processes more slender, less depressed, and more pointed than in horriaeus. Teeth uniformly smaller. Ursus horriaeus texensis subsp. nov. Type Xo. 203198 cT old, V. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection. Killed in Mavis Mts. .Texas, November 2, 1890, by CO. Finley and .John '/.. Means. Characters. — Skull similar to horriaeus in size and general character.-, but lower, flatter, more smoothly rounded, and broader across squamosals ; frontal shield narrower and Hatter; postorbital processes more slender and peg-like and more horizontally outstanding; orbital rims less swollen ; rostrum smaller (shorter and more slender); fronto-nasal region even less dished; palate somewhat broader between molars, and deeply exca- vated between last molars (not excavated in horriaeus); interpterygoid canal shorter; inferior border of jaw (symphysis to subangular tubercle) much longer. Canines and molars smaller. Ursus navaho sp. nov. Type from near Ft. Defiance (Mollhausen), probably killed in Chusca Mt<., northeastern Arizona. No. 3500 (skin No. 3571 ) U. S. Nat. Mus. Characters. — Size small; skull short, broad, and moderately dished. Relationship apparently with horriseus. Cranial characters. — (Type specimen — a badly damaged old male of which only the front part with zygomata and lower jaw remain): Skull short; zygomata broadly spreading and outbowed, the anterior root much swollen, posterior root not expanded; frontal shield flat, short-pointed; postorbital processes peg-like and outstanding; temporal impressions beaded with a line head; rostrum short and small; nares rather small and nearly vertical; lachrymal duct opening on orbital rim, hut more in 192 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. than out; palate broad for so small a skull; postpalatal shelf broad; coronoid blade high. Teeth small: m ' very small; m2 short, with broadly rounded lieel (tooth nearly as broad posteriorly as in middle and anteriorly ). Skull of old female from Xavaho Range, near Cromo, Colorado (Colo- rado Museum): Skull short, dished, with broadly spreading slightly bowed zygomata; truncate occiput, flattish shield, and slender widely outstanding postorbitals. Rostrum small, tapering, rising posteriorly into flat lyrate shield; postorbital processes long, slender, and directed forward as well as outward; braincase rather broad and depressed; palate concave; postpalatal shelf broad and Mat. Teeth moderate: malorsabout same size as in male. Old male navaho compared irith old male horriseus (both types): Size somewhat less ; rostrum and palate shorter; postorbital processes smaller and outstanding instead of decurved; zygomata more bowed and appar- ently more spreading ; ramus shorter. Teeth smaller. Old male navaho compared with old male horriseus and old male texensis (all types): Size somewhat less; rostrum and palate shorter ; ramus of jaw shorter; molar teeth smaller; heel of last upper molar more broadly rounded posteriorly. The postorbital processes and zygomata are like those .of texensis — the postorbitals small and outstanding, instead of de- curved as in horriseus; the zygomata outbowed, instead of angular as in horriseus. old female navaho from Navaho Ml*, compared with old female horriseus from mountains north of Silver City, New Mexico: Skull as a whole and rostrum shorter; occiput doubtless more truncate (that of old female horriseus sawed otl'); frontal shield shorter and more dished; postorbitals longer, more slender and directed anteriorly as well as outward: zygo- mata much more broadly spreading, more swollen at anterior base, and distinctly bowed, instead of angular; palate broader, flat instead of con- cave; lower jaw thicker and heavier. Ursus bairdi sp. now Type from Blue River, Summit Co., Colorado, c? old, No. 203S05 U. S. Nat. Mus. Biological Survey Coll. ( = .'!147 Warren Collection). Characters. — Size large — in the Rocky Mt. region exceeded only by horribilis; skull long, with narrow elevated fronto-nasal region; claws of moderate length, smooth. Color. — (Male young-adult from Bearlodge, Sundance National Forest, < look Co., eastern Wyoming. Killed February, 1887, by Paul Kleineidam ): Muzzle pale brown (apparently old pelage); head and face blackish, becoming slightly grizzled posteriorly and on lower part of cheeks by wash of yellowish-brown tipped hairs; entire body, legs and feet very dark brown overlaid on back by wash of light tips. Claws of moderate length, strongly curved, smoothly polished, dark horn color marked toward tips with pale yellowish, and most of them with whitish (super- ficially) on upper side of basal half. Merriam — Descriptions of New Bears from North America. 193 ( 'ranial characters of old male ( type, from Blue River, Colorado ; and a closely similar old male from Sabille Hole, Laramie Co., southeasl Wyom- ing, a little north of ( !heyenne ). — Size large ; fronto-nasal region high and rather narrow; rostrum rather long, narrow and strongly compressed in fronl of orbits; face long-sloping; frontal shield Hat, short-pointed, slightly sulcate or depressed medially; shield and nasals in essentially same plane except that anterior third of nasals is slightly upturned; posl orbital processes large, outstanding, and blunt; orbital rims prominent; sagittal crest long, high posteriorly; temporal impressions short, incurved, headed; zygomata strongly outbowed, squarely spreading posteriorly; lachrymal duet slightly notching orbital rim (not squarely on rim as in most skulls from the region i : squamosal shelf short, arched over meatus, the free edge thickened or everted; palate and postpalatal shelf moderate, rather narrow for so large a skull ; mastoids long, divergent. Molars usually rather large. Immature males of bairdi, up to at least the 5th or 6th year, have rather narrow convex frontal shields with weak decurved postorbital processes, and may he recognized at once by the form of the fronto-nasal region, which is Itigh, narrow and strongly pinched in immediately in front of the orbits. Old male bairdi compared with old male horribilis : Size somewhat smaller; frontal shield flatter and slightly narrower; fronto-nasal region elevated i never dished or sulcate between orbits); base of rostrum much more compressed laterally in front of orbits; palate shorter and narrower; mastoids longer and more divergent ; meatus tube broadly rounded and free (nol compressed between mastoid and glenoid); lower jaw as a whole shorter; ramus more swollen on outer side under in •> and 1113; inferior border of ramus shorter and less upturned. Teeth smaller: m1 and m': together 62 instead of 66 ; in'-' less massive. Ursus utahensis sp. nov. Type No. IS0193 cT old, CJ. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From North Fork Salina Creek, 1(1 or 12 miles southeast of Maylield, Utah. Collected May 22, 1911, by Mart Martenson. Characters. — Size large; coloration apparently normal. Skull long, narrow, and high, hut not arched; fronto-nasal region high and very narrow — strongly pinched in. ( 'olor.—{ ( )f skin of head of male killed on Pine Valley Mt., southwesl Utah. Obtained from Forest Ranger September 24, 1.907, by Clarence Birdseye. Orig. No. 989): Muzzle pale brown; face ami throat, except pale lip edgings and long hairs of median line of throat, dark brown, becoming grizzled posteriorly; top of head very dark, grizzled posteriorly by brown-tipped hairs. ('ranial characters of male ad. — Size large; skull very long and narrow; zygomata moderately spreading; frontal shield narrow, flattened, falling away on the sides immediately in front of orbits, leaving a high naso- frontal ridge; sagittal crest long and high, reaching anteriorly nearly to 104 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. midway between frontoparietal suture and plane of postorbital pro- cesses; postorbital processes very long, slender, peg-like, and horizontally extended; rostrum long, high, rather narrow and strongly compressed below the nasals ; palate and postpalatal shelf exceedingly long; postpala- tal notch narrow; interpterygoid fossa exceptionally deep; basisphenoid strongly concave; nnderjaw very long, ramus Mat and exceedingly broad vertically; upper and lower molariform series of medium or rather small size; middle lower molar decidedly narrow. An imperfect skull of an old male (No. 167390) from Pine Valley Mt., southwest Utah, differs from the type in having still smaller teeth both above and below, the molars, 4th premolar, and canines being but little larger than those of the female from the type locality'. The old male type of utahensis, compared with adult and old males of bairdi (the only neighboring species of approximately the same size), differs as follows: Rostrum longer and decidedly narrower; base of n>>- truni in front of orbits more compressed; postorbital processes longer ami more slender; palate longer ; postpalatal shelf narrower; interpterygoid canal much-deeper; ramus of jaw longer, decidedly broader ( vertically ). flatter, and much thinner under I'd and 3d molars; upper molariform teeth, middle lower molar, and lower canine much smaller. Cranial characters of female: An adult female (No. 180207) from the type locality is similar in general characters to the male, but much smaller and somewhat less extreme. Skull long and narrow ; .frontals and fronto- nasal region essentially same but sagittal crest shorter; zygomata rela- tively as well as actually much narrower (much less spreading) and not outbowed ; rostrum narrowest anteriorly ; molars smaller; canines much smaller. Ursus kennerleyi sp. now Type from mountains near bos Nogales, Sonora. c? old, skull No. 208(5; skin No. 1047 lb S. Nat. Mus. Collected June, 1855, by Dr. C. lb Kennerly. Characters. — Size rather small; skull long, narrow and high, but not much arched; rostrum narrow and high, in same plane with shield; fronto-nasal region strongly elevated, making a convexity slightly above otherwise continuous plane of rostrum and frontal shield ; rostrum and naso-frontal region sub-terete, constricted (but not strongly pinched in) in front of orbits; nares much higher than broad ; frontal shield flat, rather short-pointed posteriorly, passing into sagittal crest about bt distance from fronto-parietal suture to postorbitals ; postorbital processes long, rather slender, outstanding and slightly declined ; frontal part of braincase elevated ; zygomata moderately spreading and outbowed ; palate long, somewhat concave ; squamosal shelves broad ; coronoid broadly falcate; ramus flat and broad vertically, 'teeth of medium size ( badly worn). Remarks. — Ursus kennerleyi is a strongly marked member of the bairdi- utahensis group. It is most nearly related to utahensis but very much Merriam — Descriptions of New Bears from North America. L95 -mailer and with teeth of about the same size. The skull, though an <>I<1 male, agrees in size (length) with that of female utahensis. Ursus shirasi sp. nov. Type No. 203030 d" old, lT. S. Nat. Museum, Biol. Survey Collection. Killed September t6, L913, at Pybiis Bay, Admiralty [sland, by George Shiras 4th, and presented to Biological Survey. Characters. — Size large (somewhat larger than the largest Ursus sil- kensis); head highly arched: color black, except muzzle, which is dull brown; claws dark blue-black, dull, slightly scurfy (not smoothly polished as in the Grizzlies), rather strongly curved and of moderate length (middle claw over curve !'ii mm., from top of base to apex 75 mm. ), -Ith and 5th rounded off on outer side. Cranial characters. — Skull large, broad, massive, and highly arched; zygomata large, broadly outbowed and rounded (not angular) anteriorly as well as posteriorly; I'mntal shield remarkably short and broad (nearly twice as broad as long), deeply and broadly sulcate, with huge uplifted broadly outstanding postorbital processes which arch over the orbits and are strongly decurved apically, completely roofing the orbits; temporal ridges beaded, short, meeting far forward (at least •_'■"> nun. in front of fron to-parietal suture); sagittal crest long and high, humped over fronto- parietal suture, thickened posteriorly ; fron to- nasal region dished ; rostrum broad and short, sloping strongly upward to meet frontal shield; post- palatal shelf long; basioccipital and basisphenoid subequal; infrajugal process of maxillary obsolescent; coronoid blade broad; ramus strongly bellied under posterior molar. f>> ntition. — 1 leavy ; canines large, the upper 47 nun. high above enamel line of outer side ; pnu with tiny cusplet on inner side posteriorly ; molars large and rather broad; m- with large and broad heel ; nu with strongly developed cusplet on inner side of saddle. ''«, collected in Cot- tonwood Canyon, Panamint Mountains, California, May 27, 1891, by Frederick V. Coville and Frederick Funston ( Death Valley Expedition No. 962). This is related to Amelanchier glabra, and A. alnifolia, but the petals are only half as long as in those species. The leaves are usually pointed, rather than broadly rounded or truncate, as in A. glabra, thicker and relatively narrower, while the petals are proportionally broader. Ame- lanchier alnifolia, likewise, has much broader, larger, thinner, and brighter green leaves than A. covillei. Vol. XXVII, pp. 199-200 October 31, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF Tin: BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW SNAKE FROM NORTHERN BRAZIL. BY THOMAS BARBOUR. While recently examining the specimens of the genus Elapo- morphus preserved in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, I found a single specimen which I am unable to identify with any of the species of the genus hitherto described. It may be distinguished at once by its striking type of coloration and by its extremely small number of ventral .scales. It may be known as Elapomorphus nuchalis sp. nov. Type, a single specimen from Villa Bella on the Amazon River, above Santarem, Brazil, Mus. Comp. Zool. No. 1184, collected ami presented by Rev. J. ('. Fletcher in L863. Rostral a little broader than deep, just visible from above; internasals much shorter than the praefrontals, not over one-third their length; frontal once and a half times as long as broad, a little longer than its distance from the end of the snout, much shorter than the parietals, which are about once and a half times as long as broad; one prae- and two postoculars; temporals 1 plus 2; 7 upper labials, third and fourth enter- ing the orbit; 4 lower labials in contact with the anterior chin shields, which are much longer than the posterior. Scales in 15 rows. Ventrals 147; anal divided; tail imperfect. Tawny brown above, finely dotted with darker; three very indistinct darker longitudinal lines which are just visible on the nape region disappear along the body and reappear upon the posterior extremity of the body and on the tail ; tip of snout yellow, with small black -pot-; top of head from internasals to and in- cluding anterior two-thirds of parietals dark brown, posterior extremities of parietals and temporal- included in an extension upward of the creamy white of the throat ; these markings, however, do not meet above, but are separated by a narrow isthmus which connects a broad dark nuchal collar with the dark top of the head; nuchal collar not extending below the sides of the neck ; bordered behind with cream color; lip region with :S7— Proc. BrOL. SOC. Wash., Vol.. XXVII, l'Jl I. (199) 200 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. two yellow spots, one on the first and second labials, the other on the fifth and sixth; edges of lower lip with four dark dots on each side, all other lower surfaces creamy white, immaculate. Remarks. — I found this species labelled E. blumii, a form with which it is doubtless closely related. I may add here that specimens which seem to be undoubtedly blumii from Rio Janeiro and Mendez, on the Parahyba River, vary somewhat in that the parietals may, in fully adult individuals, be very nearly twice as long as broad, while in younger examples the parietals are shorter. I do not know whether this fact is to be accounted for by individual variation or by change during growth, but I suspect that the relation has but very little diagnostic value, although it has been emphasized by Boulenger, who uses it in his key (Cat. Sn. Brit. Mus., Vol. 3, 1896, p. 239). Vol. XXVII, pp. 201-206 October 31, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON ON SOME AUSTRALASIAN REPTILES. BY THOMAS BARBOUR. During the autumn of 1913 Dr. Hubert Lyman Clark accom- panied the Carnegie Institution Expedition to Australia and to some of the islands in Torres Straits. The following list is based upon Clark's material. Most of the species are already recorded from the localities represented in this collection since the Rev. S. Macfarlane, long a missionary in the Torres Straits region, returned many collections to England which have fre- quently been mentioned by Guenther and Boulenger. The new python described in this paper is the more remarkable as coming from one of the Murray Islands, where collecting was extensively carried on by Macfarlane, and this find simply adds another instance to show how extremely fortuitous is all reptile collecting. LIST OF SPECIES. Amphibia. Rana papua Lesson. Two young examples from Kuranda,* Queensland, collected September 6, 1913. I have compared them with specimens of Rana papua of the same size from Manokwari and Sorong, New Guinea, and with larger specimens from Jobi (Jappen) Island. I can find no characters which separate them. Hyla coerulea (White). Three finely preserved examples from Mer Island, Murray Islands, Torres Straits, agree with Var. A. of Boulenger (Cat. Batr. Sal., 1882, p. 384) in having no lateral spots and the light line along the tarsus very inconspicuous. Since Boulenger's specimens from the Murray Islands "Kuranda. which will be mentioned several times, is a station twenty miles inland from < kirns, North Queensland, at an elevation of 2000 feet. 38— Pkoc, i:imi.. Boo. Wash., Vol. x\vii,i914. (201) 202 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. and Thursday Island also belong to this race, it may be that the form with lateral spots and a tarsal line occurs only on the Australian main- land and that only this unspotted form occurs on the islands, although it has been said to have been taken in Queensland as well. The limits — if limits there really be — of the ranges of these two color varieties are well worth the attention of Australian naturalists. Hyla krefftii Guenther. A single rather shrunken and hardened example also from Kuranda I have referred to this species. It seems to agree fairly well with the de- scriptions. Uperolia marmorata Gray. A young example from Kuranda may be referable to this species. However, it lacks the triangular dark spot between the eyes, the white spots on loin and back of thigh which Boulenger (Cat. Batr. Sal., 1882, p. 267) speaks of. Above it is olive, marbled or perhaps better vermicu- lated over all with darker. Ophidia. Liasis clarki sp. nov. Type, an adult, No. 9600, Museum of Comparative Zoology, from Mer Island, Murray Islands, Torres Straits. Collected in October, 1913, by H. L. Clark. This species may be distinguished at once from any of the described species of Liasis by its manner of combining the characters used by Boulenger (Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus., Vol. 1, 1893, p. 77) to separate groups I and II in his key to the species of this genus. Thus it has several small loreal shields and also a deeply and conspicuously pitted rostral. It also has two pairs of prefrontals. Rostral broader than deep, slightly visible from above, deeply pitted ; internasals a little longer than broad, about one-half the length of the major pair of prefrontals ; the minor prefrontals are widely separated by the major prefrontals which also form a wide suture with the frontal ; frontal about as broad as long, broader at its anterior than at its posterior end; much shorter than its distance from the end of the snout; two pairs of parietals, the anterior as wide as but much shorter than the pos- terior ; five small loreal shields ; two pre- and four postoculars; eleven upper labials, first, second and third deeply pitted, fourth and fifth pitted but less conspicuously so; sixth and seventh entering orbit; sixteen lower labials, seventh to ninth slightly and tenth to fifteenth very deeply pitted. Scales in 47 rows. Ventrals 317, anal single, subcaudals 116. More or less uniform brown above, yellowish below. Liasis childreni Gray has been recorded by Boulenger from " Islands in Torres Straits," collected by Rev. S. Macfarlane, who as a matter of Barbow — On Some Australasian Reptiles. 203 fact collected extensively in the Murray group. Liasis olivaceus Gray has also been recorded from Oornwallia Island taken by the same col- lector. There are probably several species upon some of the islands and among these forms some may have extremely restricted distributions. This Museum also possesses two examples of children!, which were pur- chased from E. Gerrard in London by Mr. A. Agassiz in 1877. They are also labelled as from " Islands in Torres Straits" and undoubtedly repre- sent part of Macfarlane's collection. They represent a form but distantly related to this one which I now describe. Dendrophis calligaster Guenther. A fine example of this characteristic Papuan species emphasizes the close relation which all of the Torres Straits Islands bear to New Guinea. The fauna is strongly Papuan with most of the prominent Australian types lacking. This species is recorded from both Cornwallis and the Murray Islands by Boulenger (Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus., Vol. 2, 1894, P- 81). Glyphodon tristis Guenther. Clark caught three beautiful specimens of this snake on Mer Island of the Murray group. He remarks that it seemed tame and inoffensive when alive and that the natives held it in no dread. He was surprised to learn of its affinities. It has long been known from this and nearby localities. S.WKIA. Gymnodactylus pelagicus (Girard). A single example of this wandering species was collected on Prince of Wales Island, Torres Straits, September 12, 1913. Hemidactylus fremitus Dumeril et Bibron. Clark found this wide ranging species also at Mer Island, Murray Island, Torres Straits. Lialis burtonii Gray. A fine example similar to that described by Boulenger (Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus. Vol. 1, 1885, p. 248) as Var. D. This phase was represented in the British Museum by examples from Murray Islands and Cornwallis Island only. It is perhaps likely that it does not occur elsewhere. Diporophora bilineata Gray. Two from Prince of Wales Island, Torres Straits. Gonyocephalus spinipes (A. Dumeril). An immature but beautifully preserved example from Kuranda, Queensland. Amphibolurus muricatus (White). One from Wentworth Falls, Blue Mts., New South Wales. 204 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Leiolepisma cyanogaster (Lesson). A beautiful example from Mer Island. It is apparently identical with specimens from New Guinea and New Britain. Leiolepisma fuscum Dumeril et Bibron. This species is represented in the collection by specimens from Badu or Mulgrave Island, Mer Island and Darnley Island. I have also received it recently from Mossman in Queensland. These specimens differ con- stantly in coloration from the topotypes which I collected in Waigiu and from the many others from the Moluccas and Papua collected at the same time. Doubtless several distinct geographical races occur within this species, as in Dasia smaragdina. Leiolepisma peronii (Dumeril et Bibron). A single example from Knranda in Queensland. Leiolepisma albertisii (Peters and I >oria). A beautifully preserved suite of twenty-seven specimens from Mer Island and one from Prince of Wales Island. The specimens from Mer Island are astonishingly unvarying in their color pattern. This stability of coloration in authentic specimens from the same locality lias been impressed upon me more and more since my study of the living seines at various localities in the Moluccas and Papua. liomolepida crassicauda (A. Dumeril). A fine specimen from Darnley Island, Torres Straits, whence the species does not seem to have been recorded before. It is known from Murray and Cornwallis Islands. Sphenomorphus quoyi (Dumeril et Bibron). A well preserved adult from Kuranda, Queensland. Cryptoblepharus boutonii peronii (Cocteau). The specimens before me from Darnley Island, Prince of Wales Island, and Mer Island seem to agree with this race and can not be differentiated inter se. Their coloration is distinctive and remarkably uniform. The various races of boutonii have sometimes very restricted and usually well defined ranges and within this species coloration is an extremely valuable diagnostic feature. It must be noted, however, that these little creatures are easily carried from place to place especially by aboriginal commerce or migration and that much of the old material in Museums is probably incorrectly labelled as to locality. Thus it becomes increasingly difficult to limit the ranges of the forms as commerce and intercommunication in- crease. This race, peronii, apparently occurs in Waigiu, Papua and the Torres Straits Islands, but I have had no specimens from the Australian mainland to compare with them. Roux records it also from Aru Islands. Barbom — On Sorrn Australasian Reptiles. 205 In the Ke group its place is taken l>y tin1 distinct race keiensis Roux, while on Bali ami Lombok arc found con lined the races balinensis Barbour and cursor Barbour. Further exploration will doubtless reveal many others. Testudinata. Chelonia japonica (Thunberg). A young example from Mer Island hut slightly larger than the one figured by Stejneger ( Herp. Japan, 1907, p. 509) from the Bonin Islands, agrees well with his figure, as well as with those figured by Fry (Rec. Austr. Mus. 10, 1913, pi. 20) from Torres Straits. Fry uses the name C. mydas Linneand although unfortunately I have no young West Indian examples before me I feel that reason requires my using Thunberg's name. Young specimens from Penang and the coast of Bengal are very similar to the Mer specimen. I find that the young specimen from Penang (M. C. X. 1413) captured by Captain W. II. A. Putnam of Salem is the one from which Garmen took the description of the young of his C. depressa, thereby making it a cotype of that species. This was the basis of Garman's remark that depressa occurred in the "East Indies and Australia." AVhile this is possibly true, this record can not stand, since comparison with Fry's excellent description and figures in his recent redescription of depressa (1. c. p. 159-185 pi. 19-22) shows that the Penang specimen is a Chelonia of the nii/das-japotiica and not of the depressa type. It may be added that the adult type was purchased from Professor H. A. Ward and came from northern Australia, a fact now made known for the first time. It was probably procured by him during one of his trips to the Torres Straits region. Vol. XXVII, pp. 207-208 October 31, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW RACE OF MICROTUS MONTANUS FROM THE CENTRAL SIERRA NEVADA. BY JOSEPH GRINNELL. (i 'out ri Inn ion from the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology of the University of California.) The montanus group of meadow mice occupies the northeastern section of California, in the Modoc region west to the vicinity of Mount Shasta, and thence south along the Sierra Nevada to ami including the Mount Whitney region. A curious thing in its distribution is that in the northern part of this general area this specific type belongs to a lower life zone than in the south- ern part. The species appears to tip up zonally from north to south. Material accumulated in the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology indicates that three subspecies are recog- nizable, and that typically these belong to three different levels of zonal position. The two extreme races have been named, and it remains to characterize and name the middle-lying form. But this new subspecies, of intermediate position, is not alto- gether intermediate in characters. Geographic variation in the montanus group of meadow mice has alreadly been referred to briefly by Vernon Bailey (N. Amer. Fauna, No. 17, 1900, p. 28). Microtus montanus yosemite new subspecies. VOSEMITE MEADOW MOUSE. Type.— Female adult, No. 12,978, .Mas. Vert. Zool.; Yosemite Valley, 1000 feet altitude, Mariposa County, California: May 27, 1911; collected bj .1. ami H. \V. Grinnell; Orig. No. 675. Diagnosis. — Similar to topotypes of Microtus montanus montanus (Peale), from Sisson, Siskiyou County, California, but coloration notably paler; less black, more gray. Black hairs dorsally less in proportion, bnffy hairs paler, more grayish in tone; feet and tail less blackish, the 39— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, U)14. (207) 208 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . latter more distinctly tricolor, dark brown above and dull whitish below; ears smaller than in montanus and more hairy. Material. — Thirteen specimens: 2 (Nos. 11,947, 11,948) from Independ- ence Lake, 7000 feet altitude, Nevada County, taken by A. M. Alexander and L. Kellogg; 7 (Nos. 19,309-19,315) from Cisco, 6000 feet altitude, Placer County, taken by J. Grinned and F. H. Holden; 4 (Nos. 12,975- 12,978) from Yosemite Valley, 4000 feet altitude, Mariposa County, taken by J. and H. W. Grinned. All these localities are in high Transition or Canadian Zone, in the central Sierra Nevada of California, and the mice were trapped in wet meadows. The zonal ransie of M. m. montanus, of northern California, appears not to extend higher than low Transition, while that of M. m. dutcheri Bailey, of the high southern Sierras in the vicinity of Mount Whitney, extends from Canadian up through Hud- sonian. Measurements. — Of type (old adult female): Total length, 166 mm.; tail, 51; hind foot, 20; basilar length of hensel, 24.7; zygomatic width, 16.2; mastoid width, 12.2; length of nasals, 7.6; height of hraincase at bullae, 9.7. Three old males, one from Yosemite and two from Inde- pendence Lake, measure, respectively: lengths, 185, 175, 177; tail, 4C>, 48, 43; hind foot, 21, 21, 21. Comparisons. — The relatively gray cast of coloration as compared with M. m. montanus, obtains also when compared with M. m. dutclieri. The latter is much more reddish above, and usually has a buffy w-ash below, entirely lacking in the other two forms. In size and hairiness of ears yosemite is apparently intermediate between montanus and dutcheri, though the differences here involved are slight. In respect to cranium, yosemite as compared with montanus seems to have more widely spread- ing zygomatic arches and more angular braincase. While there seem to be other minor skull differences, there is not available a sufficient series to indicate fully the nature and range of individual and age variations. Vol. XXVII, pp. 209-210 October 31, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW MAMMALS FROM COSTA RICA AND MEXICO. BY N. HOLLISTER. I Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] The following hitherto undescribecl forms of the red brocket and two-toed anteater have been found in the collection of the United States National Museum : Mazama tema cerasina subsp. nov. Type from Talamanca, Costa Rica. Skin and skull of young male (milk premolars still in place), U. S. National Museum No. rffof- < lollected by Prof. W. M. Gabb. Orig. No. 54. General characters. — A ricli colored Eorm of Mazama tema, differing from both M. tema tema of Mexico and M. t. reperticia Goldman of the Canal Zone in its considerably darker, more reddish, coloration. Color of type specimen. — Above, from nose to withers, including most of outer sides of ears, dark blackish-brown ; sides of muzzle, region around eyes, and hairs of crown tuft mixed with reddish. Entire upperparts and sides of body, fore limbs to knees, and outer sides of hind limbs to points of hock bright reddish-chestnut, almost Hay's russet of Ridgway, darkest on hack and lighter and brighter on sides, hips, and limbs. Chin and throat warm buff, the chin crossed by a band of brownish; lower neck brownish; underparts of body like sides but lighter colored, without line of demarcation; inguinal region dark buffy, scantily haired. Lower fore and hind limbs dark brown, the feet reddish. Tail above like rump, below whitish. Two skins of older animals from the type locality are virtually like the type, and three skins of adults from Guatemala are only slightly paler, clearly resembling cerasina more than they do Mexican specimens of ti ma. Measurements. — Type, from dry skin: Head and body, 910 millimeters ; hind foot, 235. Skull and teeth of type and of an older male from the type locality: Greatesl length, 17(i. L91; condylobasal length, 167.5,186; zygomatic breadth, 80.5, 82; length of nasals, 46.5, 55.6; anterior edge of orbit to tip of premaxillary bones, 82, 94; upper molar-premolar series, 58 (milk premolars in place), f>4 (permanent premolars); width second 10— Phoc. Biol. Soc. Wash.. Vol. XXVII, L91 1. (209) 210 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. upper molar, 11.3, 11.6; length of mandible, 139, 152; lower tooth row, tf2 (with milk premolars), 59.5 (with permanent premolars). Specimens examined. — Talamanca, Costa Rica, 5 skins and 4 skulls; La Palma, Costa Rica, 1 skull; Guatemala, 4 skins and skulls. Remarks. — The Middle American hrocket is more widely different from the Panama form than it is from the Mexican race. The young in spotted coat are particularly hrighter red. There are, apparently, no characters to separate it from M. lema tenia other than those of color. In some specimens of cerasina the hair is reversed in a line along the neck from the withers to crown; in others there is no indication of this character, which seems to be of little or no value in differentiating forms of these small deer. Cyclopes mexicanus sp. nov. Type from Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Skin and skull of adult, No. IHII- U. S. National Museum. Collected by Dr. Speer. Characters. — Differs from Cyclopes dorsalis Gray and from all other forms of the genus in its clear ochraceous-yellow coloration ; very little or no clouding from darker hair tips; underfur a much lighter tint of brown than in the related forms. Color of type. — General color above and below ochraceous pale-orange- yellow, most intense and golden on head, shoulders, and withers which are decidedly glossy. A narrow, wavy line of brown from withers to lower back and a fainter brown line below from breast to belly; hair tips otherwise entirely unmarked. Underfur of forward parts of hack mummy- brown; of lower back, sides, and underparts very pale brownish-drab; of tail not distinctly darker than tips. Two specimens, from Tabasco and southern Vera Cruz, show slight marbling from darker hair tips on upper body. Skull. — Not differing from skulls of C. dorsalis except that in a series of seven specimens the audital bullae are uniformly larger, especially much broader, than in skulls of the Middle American species. Measurements of type, from well made dry skin: Total length, 443 millimeters; tail, 242. Skull of type: Greatest length, 45.8; condylobasal length, 45.7; interorbital breadth, 9.6; breadth of braincase, 23.5; length of mandibular ramus, 29.7. Specimens examined, 7, from Chiapas,* Oaxaca, Tabasco,* and extreme southern Vera Cruz.* Remarks. — Compared with a series of six specimens of Cyclopes dorsalis from Middle America (Costa Rica, Honduras, and Guatemala) the series of Mexican Cyclopes is markedly different in coloration. There is no evidence of other than extreme constancy in color in specimens from the same region. The Middle American form is a very much darker golden- brown and is heavily marbled with darker hair tips, as in C. didactyfm. It is, however, easily distinguishable from the South American species by its less grayish, more golden-yellow ground color, especially of the arms, legs and tail. * Biological Survey Collection. Vol. XXVII, pp. 211-212 October 31, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TWO NEW NORTH AMERICAN BATS. BY GERRIT S. MILLER, JR. Having recently examined the bats of the Myotis lucifugus group in the United States National Museum, including the large series of skins in the Biological Survey collection, I find two forms which have not yet been described. Both are races of the wide-ranging Myotis longlcrus (True), an animal which proves to be specifically distinct from M. lucifugus. Myotis longicrus interior subsp. nov. Type.— Adult male (skin and skull), No. 133,426 U. S. National Mu- seum (Biological Survey Collection). Collected five miles south of Twin- ing, Taos County, New Mexico (altitude 11,300 feet), July 23, 1904, by Vernon Bailey. Original number 8182. characters. — Similar to Myotis longicrus longicrus but color essentially like that of M. lucifugus (type tawny-olive above, faintly lighter below), not darkened as in the northwest coast race; skull tending to be slightly larger than in true longicrus and with less abruptly rising frontal and occipital regions; teeth normal. Measurements. — Type: head and body, 52; tail, 38; tibia, 18: foot, 8.4; forearm, 37; thumb, 7.4; third finger, 06; condylobasal length of skull (teeth moderately worn), 14.0; zygomatic breadth, 8.8; lachrymal breadth, 5.0; breadth of braincase, 7.4; occipital depth, 5.4; mandible, 10.2; maxillary toothrow, 5.2; mandibular toothrow, 5.7. Specimens examined. — Thirty-five, from the following localities: Nevada: Cottonwood Range, I : Panaca, 1. Idaho: Birch Creek, 1; Inkom, 1; Malad, 1; Mission, 1. Wyoming: Geyser Basin, 1; Lake Fork, Wind River Mts., 1; Rattle- snake Mts., 1. Colorado: Grand Junction, 1; Coventry, 1. New .Mexico: Costilla River, 2; Raton Range, 1; Santa Clara Can- yon, 2; Santa Fe, 1; Sierra Grande, 2; Twining, 5; Willis, 2. 41— Pkoc. 75ioj,. soc, Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (211) 212 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Arizona: Chiricahua Mts., 1; Fort Whipple, 1; Keam Canyon, 1; Little Spring, 2; San Francisco Mountain, 2. Chihuahua: Colonia Garcia, 1 ; San Francisco Canyon, 1. Remarks. — Various specimens from the interior of California (three of them from the southern part of the State kindly placed at my disposal by Dr. Joseph Grinnell) have the color characters of Myotis longicrus interior. Whether or not they are strictly referable to this race is a question which can not for the present be decided. Myotis longicrus amotus subsp. nov. Type.— Adu\t female (skin and skull), No. 54,437 U. S. National Mu- seum (Biological Survey Collection). Collected at Cofre de Perote, Vera Cruz, Mexico (altitude 12,500 feet), May 27, 1893, by E. W. Nelson. Original number, 4873. Characters. — Externally like Myotis longicrus interior (only known specimen slightly darker and more red than in any of the specimens of the northern form yet seen, its color best described as a dark, reddish, tawny-olive); skull with palate narrowed and braincase reduced; teeth normal except that the upper canine is slightly more robust than in the other races, its diameter appreciably greater as compared with that of palate. Measurements. — Type: head and body, 54; tail, 44; tibia, 18; foot, 8.6; forearm, 39 ; thumb, 6 ; third finger, 76 ; fifth finger, 55 ; condylobasal length of skull (teeth moderately worn), 13.8; zygomatic breadth, 8.8; lachrymal breadth, 5.0 ; breadth of braincase, 7.0 ; occipital depth, 5.2 ; mandible, 10.2; maxillary toothrow, 5.2; mandibular toothrow, 5.8. Specimen examined. — The type. Vol. XXVII, pp. 213-214 October 31, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF Ml I BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON AN APPARENTLY NEW SPOROPHILA FROM ECUADOR. BY J. II. RILEY. [By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] In a small collection of birds from Ecuador presented to the U. S. National Museum by Mr. Otto Holstein, of San Antonio, Texas, there is an apparently unnamed Sporophila. It may be known as: Sporophila incerta sp. now Type, V. S. National Museum, No. 236586 (unsexed but apparently a male), Gualia, Ecuador. Characters. — Similar to Sporophila tiik Species. Leaflets 3, oblong to obovate, 5-30 mm. frroad 1. C. ternata Leaflets linear, 1-4 mm. broad. Pubescence of the pedicels consisting of minute, appressed hairs. ' TV • Percy Wilson, N. Amer. PI. 25 : 205. 1911. 44— Pboc, i '• i « . i Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (S21) 222 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Leaflets usually 3-5, rarely 6-7, commonly 2.7-5 cm. long; petioles one-third as long as the leaflets or shorter 2. C. arizonica. Leaflets usually 8-13, rarely 6 or 7, 1-4 cm. long; petioles always more than half as long as the leaflets, often equaling them. 3. C. dumosa. Pubescence of the pedicels consisting of slender, spreading hairs. Leaflets 3-5, 2-4 mm. wide, conspicuously broadest at or above the middle, the margins plane or nearly so, repand-denticulate. 4. C. mollis. Leaflets usually 7-11, rarely 5, 1.3 mm. wide or narrower, of uniform width throughout, the margins strongly revolute, entire or nearly so 5. C. palmeri. 1. Choisya ternata H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 6. 1823. Juliania caryophillata Llave & Lex. Nov. Veg. Descr. 2: 4. 1825. Choisya grandiflora Regel, Gartentl. 25 : 257. 1876. This is the type of the genus Choisya. In general appearance it is unlike C. dumosa and its allies, and there are slight differences in the flowers. For that reason Doctor Torrey formed a new genus, Astrophyl- lum, for the plant here called Choisya dumosa. Doctor Engler, in Natiir- lichen Pflanzenfamil'.en * maintained both genera, but Mr. Wilson t united them. Unfortunately the fruit of Choisya ternata is not known; when it is secured it may be found that the genus Astrophyllum is valid. There are only two specimens of C. ternata in the U. S. National Her- barium, one from the Cerro de Matzize, Puebla, Mexico, and one collected by Schiede from cultivated plants. The two exhibit many differences in leaf form, but without ampler material it does not seem practicable to attempt a segregation. 2. Choisya arizonica Standley, sp. nov. Branches blackish, the branchlets green, bearing numerous coarse elevated glands, densely pubescent with minute, closely appressed hairs; petioles stout, one-fifth to one-third as long as the leaflets, minutely appressed-pubescent ; leaflets usually 3 or 5, rarely (i or 7, linear, of nearly uniform width throughout, commonly 2.7-5 cm. long, 2-2.5 mm. wide, rounded or truncate at the apex, glabrous, or minutely appressed- pubescent on the upper surface, the margins slightly revolute, shallowly crenulate; pedicels 1.2-2 cm. long, minutely appressed-pubescent; sepals obtuse, ciliate and minutely and sparsely pubescent; petals 1 cm. long; style and ovary densely pubescent; fruit not known. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, no. 15,060, collected on lime- stone ledges of the Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona, at an altitude of 1350 meters, May 16, 1884, by C. G. Pringle. Also collected in the Mule Mountains, Arizona, July 20, 1894, by J. W. Tourney. This appears to differ sufficiently from C. dumosa to receive specific * 3" : 125. 1896. tN. Amer. F1.25:205. 1911. Standley — The Genus Choisya. 223 recognition, the distinguishing marks being the few, elongate leaflets and very short petioles. The two Arizonian specimens are exactly alike, and come from a region considerably removed from that in which C. dumosd is known to occur. :;. Choisya dumosa (Torr. ) A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 23 : 224. 1888. Aslrophyllum dumosum Torr. U. 8. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 22: 161. 1854. Branchlets bearing numerous coarse, slightly elevated glands, densely pubescent with minute, mostly appressed hairs; petioles stout, densely glandular, always more than half as long as the leatiets and often equal- ing them ; leaflets commonly 8-13, rarely 0 or 7, 1-3 or rarely 4 cm. long, of nearly uniform width throughout, glabrous, or sparsely pubescent with very minute, appressed hairs on the upper surface, the margins slightly revolute, remotely crenulate; sepals obtuse, truncate, or retuse, filiate; petals 7-8 mm. long; capsule 6 mm. high, copiously pubescent with slender, appressed or slightly spreading hairs. Guadalupe Mountains of western Texas ( V. Harard, Agnes Chase), to southern New Mexico (San Andreas Mountains, J. II. Gaut 37. Pope Exped., E. 0. Wooton), and northern Chihuahua (Bigelow). The specimens upon which this species was based were said to have come from the Organ Mountains, New Mexico; probably they came instead from the San Andreas Range, which lies just to the north of the Organs and is separated from them only by a high pass. Capt. Pope's expedition is known to have followed the road which leads over the pass. The shrub is often abundant, but it is known to occur in only a few localities, in all of which conditions are similar. The Mexican name is given as sorillo, a term which is applied to other members of the family, as for instance, to a species of Xanthoxyium in Sinaloa and Tepic, Mexico. 4. Choisya mollis Standley, sp. nov. Branchlets stout, bearing numerous low glands, densely pubescent with slender spreading hairs; petioles one-fifth to one-third as long as the leaflets, densely hirtellous; leaflets 3-5, 1.2-4 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, conspicuously widest at or above the middle, narrowed toward the base, rounded at the apex and often emarginate, densely hirtellous, the margins usually plane, broadly repand-denticulate, the lateral leaflets often much reduced; pedicels 1-1.5 cm. long, densely hirtellous ; ovary densely hirsute ; flowers and fruit not seen. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, no. 15,002, collected by the Mexican Boundary Survey, no. 140. On the same sheet are two branches of C. dumosa, distributed under the same number. According to the Botany of the Mexican Boundary Survey,* this number doubtless in- cludes specimens from northern Chihuaiiua and others from the " west- ern slime of the Sierra del Pajarito, Sonora." It is probable that the type of C. mollis is from the latter locality. * Page 42. 224 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Although based upon scanty material, the proposed species seems dis- tinct by reason of the few broad leaflets, with denticulate margins, and the longer, spreading pubescence. 5. Choisya palmeri Standley, sp. now Branches stout, grayish or yellowish, the branchlets rather slender, densely short-hirtellous, bearing few, minute, scarcely elevated glands; petioles half as long as the leaflets or longer, often equaling them, finely hirtellous; leaflets usually 7-11, rarely 5, (5-17 mm. long, 1-1.3 mm. wide, of uniform width throughout, densely short-hirtellous, rounded at the apex, the margins strongly revolute, entire or nearly so; pedicels 1.2- 2.3 cm. long, finely hirtellous; capsules 5-6 mm. high, copiously glan- dular, densely hirtellous; seeds 4-5 mm. long, dark brown, shining. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, no. 570,236, collected at Chojo Grande, 27 miles southeast of Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico, July 16, 1905, by Dr. Edward Palmer (no. 715). Also collected on Pico de Teira, Zaca- tecas, May 17. 190S, by F. E. Lloyd (no. 223). Amply distinct in the short, strongly revolute leaflets and the spreading pubescence. The glands are smaller and less conspicuous than in any other specimens examined. Vol. XXVII, pp. 225-226 December 29, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW BAT FROM CUBA. BY GERRIT S. MILLER, Jr. Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. In February, 1902, Mr. William Palmer collected a bat of the genus Chilonatalus in a cave at Baracoa, eastern Cuba. This specimen I recorded two years later * as Chilonatalvs micropus, though with some doubt as to its strict identity with the Jamaican form. During a recent visit to Washington, Mr. Charles T. Ramsden kindly placed at my disposal a second specimen of the same animal killed as it flew from a clump of cane near Guantanamo. On comparing these two individuals with four Jamaican micropus I find that the Cuban bat is a readily distinguishable local form. Chilonatalus macer sp. nov. Type. — Adult female (in alcohol), No. 1)3,724, U. S. National Museum. Collected at Baracoa, Cuba, February <>, 1902, by William Palmer. Original number f>99. Characters. — Like the Jamaican Chilonatalus micropus (Dobson) as regards general size and length of forearm (32 mm. in both Cuban spec- imens. 32-33 in three from Jamaica), but tibia longer (18 in both Cuban specimens, 15.5-16 in four from Jamaica) ; skull with braincase essentially as in C. micropus (breadth 6.0 and 6.2 in the Cuban specimens, 6.0 in two from JamalCa), but with rostrum more elongate (length from narrowest part of interorbital constriction 7.2 and 7.4 in the Cuban specimens, 6.6 in two from Jamaica). Color. — In the Ramsden specimen (skin) the main color above is a dark cinnamon-buff moderately clouded by the dark brownish tips to the hairs; underparts clear, light pinkish-buff; membranes moderately dark brown. After nearly fifteen years' exposure to alcohol the color of the type appears to be essentially like that of the skin. * Proc. U. s. National Museum, vol. 21, p. :J,4u. January 23, 1904. 4-5— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XXVII, 1914. (225) 226 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Measurements. — Type and adult (notsexed) from Guantanamo: tibia, 18* and 18; foot, 8 and 7; forearm, 32 and 32; thumb, 4 and 4; condy- lobasal length of skull (teeth not worn in either specimen), 13.4 and 13.6; zygomatic breadth, 6.8 and 6.8; lachrymal breadth, 4.0 and 4.0; inter- orbital constriction, 2.8 and 2.6; breadth of braincase, 6.2 and 6.0; depth of braincase, 5.0 and 5.0; length of rostrum from narrowest part of inter- orbital constriction to tip of premaxillary, 7.2 and 7.4; mandible, 10.6 and 10.8; maxillary toothrow (exclusive of incisors), H.O and 6.0; mandi- bular toothrow (exclusive of incisors), <>.|Ki-i<>> in that genus and grouped them into I tribes: u Bubalide*," with 8 species; with one species ; ' 'Antilapae genuinae," with Mae with 1: -. tin' names of the tribes being in plural distributive form. The names applied to two of the tribes have found their way into systeniatii gj in the form of singular collective nouns as valid terras for well established genera of Ungulates, [Jchten- stein being commonly cited as their authority. A third name, <\>i Connoehaetet i- similar with the difference that subsequent writers using it seem to think it is in singular collective form. Consideration of each oi Lichtenstein's mononomial terms and their subsequent use as singular collective nouns results as follow - Lichtenstein, 18 i plural distributive noun and as such it the proper designation oi a subgenus. The next use of this word I Rafinesqui i/i'» (Ana ysede la Nature, p. 56) in 1815. It is there a singular collective noun but stands without description or refer- ence. The earliest use of Bubalit as a valid name and a collective word i- apparent]] by Goldfuss in 1820 t Handb. ZooL, vol. 2, p. 867). Here it occurs as [section or subgenus] "a" of the genus Antilope Pallas with the species "A. bubaii* L. Vache de Barbarie. Vfenag. du Mus I. p. 846," by tautonomy, and "A, comma Cuv, Hartebeest Cerf du Tap. Schreb, t. -_'77." Bubalia, Frisch, 1 7 7 "» i>yst. vierf. Thier., p. 2) should he ignored as being employed by a non-binary author (see rhoraaa and Miller, Ann. Mag. Sat. Hist.. Ser. 7. vol. pi, p. 468, 190* l ichtei 9tein, 1814, i- not used a- a singular collective noun and consequently can not be considered as the pro|>er designation oi a subgenus of antilopes. The tirst use of the word as a singular collective noun is by Rafinesque Analyse de la Nature, p. 56), 1815, hut like ilia it appears without description or reference. It was era- sed bj Blainville t Bull. Soc. Philoni., 1816, p. 78) one year later as a lequately described, and with nine species: dortaa, [fa, corintn: ■ mi_'i I i >\ in L837 i Proc. Zool. Soc. London, vol. I, p. L37) as Antifope dorcas and the subgenus itself was raised to generic rank. monhaetet of Liechtenstein, 1814, has the same criticisms against il as have Oazellai and Bubalides, bul the word is nol bo obviouslj in plural distributive form. It lias been adopted in its original spelling bj si recenl authors as the generic name of the gnus. According to the gen< i ally accepted rules the proper form "t the word Bhould be Connochaeta ii admitted into nomenclature at all. Subsequent t<> Lichtenstein's dis- tributive use of Connochaetet, uo author appears to have used the word until » iray mentions it in 1843 (List Spec. Vlamm. Brit. Mus., p. XXVI) spelled Connochete8. Meantime two other generic names had been pro- posed embracing the gnus, Cemas, Oken, l>l<; (Lehrbuch Naturgesch., part 3, vol. -, p. 727) and Catablepas, Gray, 1821 < London Medical Re- pository, vol. 15, p. 307), each with the same type, Antilope gnu Gmelin Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. I. p. 93, 1895). The singular collective < 'rums should thus replace the plural distributive Con nochaeles, Thischange isnot far reaching because Graj in 18501 Knowslej Menagerie, p. 20) proposed Gorgon as a subgenus of ( 'atablepas. Gorgon, embracing all the gnus except the white-tailed gnu, has lately been raised to generic rank (Heller, Smiths. Misc. Coll., vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 3, 19; Roosevelt and Heller, Life Histories African Game Animals, p, 361, 1914). The white-tailed gnu would thus constitute the genus Cemas. It is hoped the publication of this note will bring attention to generic and subgeneric names used in plural distributive form and perhaps lead ome uniformity in treating them. A few other plural generic names exist in mammalogy, but onlj Lichtenstein's three genera mentioned above are taken Beriously, the others being properlj ignored. —M. II . Lyon, Jr. Ii RTHEB NOTE ON THE GENERIC \ \ M E OF THE COLL \l;i:i> PECC UMi - Dr. .1. A. Allen has kindly called mj attention to the fact that my !it conclusion* regarding the generic name of the collared peccaries is incorrect. While it i- true that Palmer in 1904 regarded the sp torquatus as type of Cuvier's genus JHcotyles, Gray in 18681 had selected' labiatut (Cuvier 1817 pecari Fischer 1814). \- labiatus ( pecari) was already type') of Taya u Fischer 1814, the name Dicotyles lapses into Bynonymy. Reichenbach's Pecari 1835, i- therefore the earliest generic name available for the collared peccaries. Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. * These Proceedings, p. 216 0< tober 31, 1914. ... London, 1868, p i >. tee Opinion No. 6, Int. Comm. Zoo). Nomenclature. July, 1910. $ By absolute tautonj mj . a- ;i -\ nonym <■! his accuratelj diagnosed and described pecari, " T. corpore uigro, maxlllfl inferiore alba," Fischer places the name Llnn.Gmel Byst. nat. 219, n. 8." (Zoognosia, vol, 3, p. Bildergalerie der Thierwelt. Heft 6. p. 1. Type bj monoty] i uvler. The entire case is correctlj —t ;• i . -< l in mj List of North American Land Mammals in the United Btates National Museum, 1911, p -i. December 81, 1912, except thai a ence to Gray, 1868, should take thi I the words "nov d," under )tyU t, in line 9 INDEX Ni'\\ Dames are printed in heavy type A Acanthothrips albivittatus 164 Aceipiter fringilloides 120 striatus 119 venator 119 Acinonyx jubatus 216 venaticus 216 Adelonycteris gaumeri 101 Agelaius nevadensis 107 Aix brunnescens 87 Aires shirasi 72 Allen, G. M. A New Bat from Mexi- co 109-112 Allen, J. A. The Generic Names Spe- othos and Icticyon 147 Amelanchier coviliei 198 Amphibolurus muricatus 203 Antilopa 228 Antilope 228 Apodemus praetor 89 Ateles tricolor 141 B Bailey, V. A Mouse that Lives in the Tree-tops xi Eleven New Species and Sub- species of Pocket Gophers of the Genus Thomomys 115-118 Barber, H. S. The Breeding Place of Dermestes elongates Le Conte . . . 146 Barber, H. S., and McDermott, F. A. See McDermott. P. A. Barbour, T. A New Snake from North- ern Brazil 199-200 On Some Australasian Rep- tiles . 201-206 Bartlett, H. H. Additional Evidence of Mutation in Oenothera x Bartsch, P. Report on a Black Vulture near Washington ix English Sparrow and the Army Worm xi Notes on Some Birds Observed on the Florida Keys xii Basiliscus barbouri 9 Bear, polar 218 Bubalis 228 Bubo neochorus 46 c The Spotted Tiger-cat in Texas, J19 Holt, E. G. Winter Bird Life in the Swamps of Alabama ix Homolepida crassicauda 204 Hood, .1. I). Studies in Tubuliferous Thysanoptera 151-172 Howard, L. O. On Arsenical Spraying in New England xi Exhibition of Tooth of Sabre- tooth Tiger xii Howell, A. II. Ten New Marmots from North America . . 13-18 Notes on the Skunks of In- diana, with a Correction liin Hydrochcerus notialis 58 Hyla coerulea 201 krefftii 202 Hypopachus pearsei 77 Hyslop. J. A. Description of a New Species of Corymbites from the Sonoran Zone of Washington State 69-7U I Icticyon 147 Isthmocoris 127 imperialis 129 piceus 129 J Jackson, H. H. T. Pelage Variations of American Moles xii New Moles of the Genus Scn- lopus 19-22 New Moles of the Genus Sca- panus 55-56 K Knali. F. Simuliida? of Peru . . . .81-86 Supplementary Notes on Peru- vian Simuliidse 123-124 L Lagostomus petilidens 58 Leiolepisma albertisii 204 cyanogaster 204 fuscum 204 peronii 204 Leptothrips mali 162 Lialis burtonii 203 Liasis clarki 202 Liothrips caryae 160 Lonchaea albiceps 39 nudifemorata 38 quadrisetosa 40 vibrissata 37 winnemanae 38 Loncheres flavidus 143 Lophonetta 100 alticola 100 cristata LOO Lophortyx sanus 113 Lyon, M. W., Jr. Note on the Red- headed Woodpecker x Capture of an American Coot in the Blue Ridge xii Index. 233 Lyon, M. W., Jr. A Porcupine skull showing an Extra Pairof Upper Incisors xii Tadarida Rafinesque versus Nyctinomus Geo&roy 217-218 Lichtenstein's Plural Distribu- tive! i one lie Na nil's Bubalidt 8, ( 'on- nochaetes and Qazellae . . . .228-229 M Malloch, J. i;. Some Undescribed North American Sapromyzidae . 29-42 Synopsis of the Genus Pro- bezzia, with Description of ii New Species 137-140 Miirniolii cascadensis 17 luteola 15 nesophora 15 n i\ aria ]7 obscura 16 parvula 14 preblorum 14 rufescens 13 sheldoni 18 warreni 16 Mazama cerasina 209 McAtee, W. L. Remarks on Compara- tive Abundance of Birds near Washington, 1862, 1883, and Pres- ent Time xi Key to the Nearctic Genera and Species of Geocorinse . . . 125-136 McDermott, F. A., and Barber, Ii. s. Luminous Earthworms in Wash- ington. D. C 147-148 Mearnes, E. A. Descriptions of Three New Raccoons from the Mexican Boundary Region 63-68 The Earliest Systematic Name for the Tuoza or Georgia Pocket Gopher 102 Diagnosis of a New Subspecies of Gambel's Quail from Colorado . 113 Megalothrips spinosus 170 Mephitis avia 100 nigra 215 putida 100, 215 Merriam, C. H. Descriptions of Thirty Apparently New Grizzly and Brown Bears from North Amer- ica 173-196 Microscolex phosphoreus lis Microtus yosemite 207 Miller, G. S., Jr. Two New Murine Rodents from Eastern Asiii . . .89-92 Two New North American Bats 211-212 TheGenerie Name of the Col- lared Peccaries 215 The Generic Nan f the Com- mon Flying-squirrels 216 A New Bat from Cuba . . .225-226 Further Note on the Generic Name of the Collared Peccaries. .229 Minion cozumela? 75 Mus tuza 102 Mustela meridana it:: mink 215 Myocastor bonariensis 57 coypus 57 santacruzae 57 Myotis amotus -212 capitaneus 102 interior 211 obscurus 102 volans 102 yumanensis 102 N Nectomys pollens im Nelson, E. W. Description of a New Subspecies of Moose from Wyom- ing 71-74 Nyctinomus 217 O Oberholser, II. C. Four New Birds from Newfoundland i: Pooecetes gramineus confinis in Louisiana Odobenus divergens oheSUS i (phi ha lmocoris ( Ipuntia affinis brachyclada chaetocarpa confusa magna riparia rugosa sanguinocula spinotecta valida Osgood, W. II. Dates for Ovis cana-