| Catifornia Aeademy of Setences | a RECEIVED BY PURCHASE nye A! waist PROCEEDINGS : Biological Society of Washington VOLUME 66 1953 WASHINGTON PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS HERBERT FRIEDMANN, Chairman REMINGTON KELLOGG J.8. WADE PUBLICATION NOTE By a change in the By-Laws of the Biological Society of Washington, effective March 27, 1926, the fiscal year now begins in May, and the officers will henceforth hold office from May to May. This, however, will make no change in the volumes of the Proceedings, which will continue to coincide with the calendar year. In order to furnish desired infor- mation, the title page of the current volume and the list of newly elected officers and committees will hereafter be published soon after the annual election in May. All correspondence should be addressed to the Biological Society of Washington, % U.S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. MONUMENTAL PRINTING CoO. BALTIMORE, MD. Zi \FORNS (or LIBRARY Aj CO = 1953 \y mers S&H / OQ, RECEIVED © LoEy ww OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON (FOR 1953-1954) (ELECTED MAY 28, 1953) OFFICERS President H. G. DEIGNAN Vice-Presidents (In the order of election) HUGH T. O’NEIL LLOYD W. SWIFT ALAN STONE HERBERT FRIEDMANN Recording Secretary S. F. BLAKE Corresponding Secretary GORMAN M. BOND vice MARSHALL C. GARDNER, resigned Treasurer ALLEN J. DUVALL Custodian of Publications DAVID H. JOHNSON COUNCIL Elected Members M. K. BRADY H. B. OWENS D. H. JOHNSON L. M. RUSSELL C. O. HANDLEY, JR. Exz-Presidents J. W. ALDRICH F. C. LINCOLN PAUL BARTSCH H. C. OBERHOLSER W. A. DAYTON T. S. PALMER A. D. HOPKINS J.S. WADE H. B. HUMPHREY E. P. WALKER H. H. T. JACKSON A. WETMORE —_—— STANDING COMMITTEES—1953-1954 Committee on Communications HuecH T. O’NEIL LLoyp W. Swirr Committee on Zoological Nomenclature A. WETMORE, Chairman H. A. REHDER C. F. W. MUESEBECK Committee on Publications HERBERT FRIEDMANN, Chairman REMINGTON KELLOGG J. 8. WADE EX-PRESIDENTS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON *THHODORE N. GILL, 1881, 1882 *CHARLES A. WHITE, 1883, 1884 *G. BROWN GOODE, 1885, 1886 *WILLIAM H. DAHL, 1887, 1888 *LESTER EF. WARD, 1889, 1890 *C, Hart MERRIAM, 1891, 1892 *C. V. Rivey, 1893, 194 *Gno. M. STERNBERG, 1895, 1896 *L. O. HOWARD, 1897, 1898 * FREDERICK V. COVILLE, 1899, 1900 *F, A. Lucas, 1901, 1902 *B. W. EVERMANN, 1903, 1904 *F, H. KNow.uton, 1905, 1906 *L. STEJNEGER, 1907, 1908 T. S. PALMER, 1909, 1910 *DAVID WHITE, 1911 *E. W. NEUSON, 1912, 1913 PAUL BARTSCH, 1914, 1915 *W. P. Hay, 1916, 1917 *J. N. Rose, 1918 *Hueu M. Smita, 1919 A. D. HOPKINS, 1920 *N. HOLLISTER, 1921 *VERNON BAILEY, 1922 *A.S. HircHcock, 1923 *J. W. GIDLEY, 1924 *S. A. ROHWER, 1925 H. C. OBERHOLSER, 1926-1927 *E. A. GOLDMAN, 1927-1929 ALEXANDER WETMORE, 1929-1931 H. H. T. JACKSON, 1931-1933 *C. E. CHAMBLISS, 1933-1936 *H. C. FULLER, 1936-1938 *W. B. BEL, 1938-1940 EK. P. WALKER, 1940-1942 H. B. HUMPHREY, 1942-1944 *F. THONE, 1944-1946 J. S. WADE, 1946-1947 J. W. ALDRICH, 1947-1949 F. C. LINCOLN, 1949-1951 W. A. DAYTON, 1951-1953 * Deceased. ’ . co rv TABLE OF CONTENTS Oeeeers and Commiittees for 1953 0 SESS gt! 2° ed endl e meeieoteet © Renters Hight New Subspecies of Birds from the Perija Mountains, Venezuela, by William H. Phelps and William H. Phelps, RN eR a a ke od A Race of Forest-inhabiting Finch from the Perija Moun- tains of Venezuela and Columbia, by Alexander Wetmore ae esi it, Phelpg 0h. 3.6 tt Notes on the Rufous Goatsuckers of Venezuela, by Alex- ander Wetmore and William H. Phelps, Jr. _-------- Description of a New Armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) from Mexico with Remarks on Geographic Variation of ie Epecien: by Robert J.Thuséell. joc) A New Horned Lizard, Genus Phrynosoma, from Mexico, eras senietin: Eo, DORE Sos ott Serer Sts cee Oe Natural History of Plummers Island, Maryland. X. Flower- ing Plants and Ferns—Supplement 1, by E. P. Killip and SENS chic Ae RES 1) paler} i ae Notes on the Skeleton Shrimps (Crustacea: Caprellidae) of California, by Ellsworth C. Dougherty and Joan E. erm, (eile). tn. seiog 0 su eg he) ee Jo Be A New Froghopper from Bolivia (Homoptera: Cercopo- meee), weds. 4a. Wonmiliy 0 ite) iio es ese) Sea Preliminary Report on the Pleidae (Hemiptera) of the Americas, by C. J. Drake and H. C. Chapman. _-_-- ehh Mexican Bats of the Genus Artibeus, by Walter W. Dal- UROL, ck Ts OS) be es 8 ee Se ee oe Six New American Millipeds, with Notes on Several Cave- dwelling Species, by Ralph V. Chamberlin. —---..-. Notes on Microvelia flavipes (Hemiptera: Veliidae), by ts) Jdmekevand: Cokinttes: in. 0st un Jase x Scolodesmus and Related African Milliped Genera (Poly- desmida: Strongylosomidae), by Richard L. Hoffman. _.. Two New Species of Cinara (Homoptera: Aphididae) from Ontario, by F. C. Hottes and G. A. Bradley ———.._.... 1-12 13-14 15-20 21-26 27-30 31-38 39-50 51-52 53-60 61-66 67-72 73-74 75-84 vi Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Shunsennia tarsalis, a New Genus and Species of Chigger from Korea (Acarina: Trombiculidae), by E. W. Jame- son, Jr. and Selichi Teshiokss 2 & oo. ae eee 89-92 A Catalogue of the Mollusean Genus Distorsio (Gastropoda, Cymatiidae), by William K. Emerson and Elton L. Puffer 2 wi a a Se ee eee 93-108 Distorsio reticulata vs. Distorsio clathrata in the West Indies (Mollusca: Gastropoda), by Elton L. Puffer. 109-124 Eight New Birds and Thirty-three Extensions of Ranges to Venezuela, by William H. Phelps and William H. Phelps, (S8) a. 28 0 ek 125-144 New Neogaean Rhagovelia (Hemiptera: Veliidae), by Carl J. Drake’ 2200 e) Sy Pie As Ae ee ee 145-152 Notes on Some Species of Cinara, with Descriptions of two new Species from Pinon Pine (Aphidae), by F. C. Hottes. (20000 5 i | I as en 153-158 Descriptions of New Species of Cinara from Western United States (Aphidae), by F. C. Hottes and E. O. Hissig, 2h. ew ee oe ee OY 159-172 A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Alabama and Florida (Decapoda, Astacidae), by Horton H. Hobbs, 2d runiinee! ottyweutt dy eae ee Oe 173-178 Studies on Spiroboloid Millipeds, I. The Genus Eurhino- ericus Brolemann, by Richard L. Hoffman. —.___—__ 179-184 Three New Species of Stenodynerus from Eastern United States (Hymenoptera, Vespidae), by Richard M. Bohart. 185-190 A New Flying Squirrel from the Southern Appalachian Mountains, by Charles O. Handley, Jr... 3a 191-194 Descriptions of the Sexual Forms of Some Species of Am- phorophora (Aphididae), by F. C. Hottes. 195-198 Descriptions of Some Undescribed Forms of Aphidae, by I. GC, Hobbes. 4a oe 199-202 Status of Lagopus mutus sanfordi Bent, by Ira N. Gabriel- son and Frederick C. Lincoln,,.2i201 2. 2° se ee 203-204 Four New Species of Cinara (Aphidae), by F. C. Hottes and EH. Oy Missie.,2c 250) oP eek edge ee 205-210 A New Genus and New Species of Tingidae (Hemiptera), by Carl J... Drake. tea wae ts Se eR oes 211-224 Index SaEE A nee PRT eee ue Mma aee ee (eel BE ee 225- The Committee on Publications declares that each paper of this volume was distributed on the date indicated on its initial page. The contents, minutes of meetings, and index for 1953 (pp. v-x, 225- 237) were issued on March 22, 1954. The title page and lists of officers and committees for 1953-1954 (pp. i-iv) were issued on December 2, 1953. Contents vii PLATES Plate I, page 11. Map of Venezuela. Plate II, page 52. Isozulia flamen. Plate III, page 71. Tuolumnia danehyi, Amplinus constrictus, Paer- mopus cavicolens. Plate IV, page 83. Scolodesmus grallator. Plate V, page 91. Shunsennia tarsalis. Plate VI, page 120. Two species of Distorsio. Plate VII, page 122. Two species of Distorsio. Plate VIII, page 143. Map of Venezuela. Plate IX, page 174. Procambarus suttkust. Plate X, page 180. Eurhinocricus parvissimus, E. biolleyi, E. tidus, E. omiltemae. Plate XI, page 210. New Species of Cinara. Gai al er ‘al Weta A ib. ay Cate Pty! hp i i BHR C eit tal y ah on e - ° | : oe He ON hE Ne - | viii Proceedings of the Biological Soc : , Vol. 66, pp. ix-xii PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON PROCEEDINGS All meetings during 1953 were held in Room 48 of the United States National Museum, except the November meeting which was held in the Auditorium in the same building. 1010th Meeting—January 27, 1953 President Dayton in the chair; 23 persons present. New member elected: Jane Crawford. Formal communication: R. Tucker Abbott, Mollusks and man through the ages. 1011th Meeting—February 24, 1953 President Dayton in the chair; 22 persons present. New member elected: Frank S. Cliff. Informal communication: 8. F. Blake, Observation of spring birds. Formal communication: Joseph F. Pechanec, Symbiotic re- lationships of people and livestock in Italian Somaliland. 1012th Meeting—March 24, 1953 President Dayton in the chair; 14 persons present. Formal communication: R. W. Eschmeyer, Biology of man- made lakes. 1013th Meeting—April 28, 1953 President Dayton in the chair; 28 persons present. New members elected: Edward S. Beach, Jr., Bernice G. Schubert. Informal communications: Irene Elmer, Meteorological fac- tors affecting evening appearance of fire flies; Charles Thomp- son, Migratory run of yellow perch up the Severn River in Maryland. Formal communication: R. K. Godfrey, Plant exploration in Turkey. ix x Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 1014th Meeting—May 26, 1953 74th Annual Meeting President Dayton in the chair; 30 persons present. The annual reports of the Recording Secretary and Treas- urer were presented. The following officers and members of council were elected: President, H. G. Deignan; Vice-Presidents, Allan Stone, Her- bert Friedmann, H. B. Owens, L. W. Swift; Recording Secre- tary, S. F. Blake; Corresponding Secretary, Marshall C. Gardner ; Treasurer, A. J. Duvall; Members of Council, D. H. Johnson, Louise M. Russell, M. K. Brady, A. C. Smith, C. O. Handley, Jr. The business meeting was followed by a open meeting, with the following formal communication: A. H. Clark, The ecol- ogy, evolution, and distribution of the vertebrates. 1015th Meeting—November 16, 1953 President Deignan in the chair: 55 persons present. Informal communication: 8. F. Blake, Exhibition of a new botany book. Formal communication: T. D. Stewart, Skeletons in the closet (film). xii Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Zp FORKS ih re Lismany “TN ( WAY 2 7 1984 ) ; yp RECEIVED 57 an Ae RA Ay, SECEIVED KO Vol. 66, pp. 1-12 \ el / > te Vellacs Casa te Wy \f March 30, 1953 Swecee his OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON EIGHT NEW SUBSPECIES OF BIRDS FROM THE PERIJA MOUNTAINS, VENEZUELA By WILLIAM H. PHELPS AND WILLIAM H. PHELPS, JR. Further study of the collection made by Ramon Urbano in the Perija Mountains during February, March and April, 1952, shows the following new forms worthy of recognition. A map of the Perijaé region, with the exact type localities of the present paper, was published by Ramon Aveledo H. and Hermano Ginés, in Novedades Cientificas, Contribuciones Ocasionales del Museo de His- toria Natural La Salle, Caracas, Serie Zoologica, No. 6, June, 1952. We thank Dr. John T. Zimmer, American Museum of Natural History, and Mr. James Greenway, Jr., Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cam- bridge, for access to the collections of those institutions. Specimens listed as examined are in the Phelps Collection, Caracas, unless otherwise specified. Names of colors are capitalized when direct comparison has been made with Ridgway’s ‘‘Color Standards and Color Nomenclature,’’ 1912. Wing measurements are of the chord. Coeligena coeligena zuliana, new subspecies TYPE: From Cerro Pejochaina, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de Perija, Zulia, Venezuela; 2000 meters. No. 54531, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected February 16, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) DIAGNOSIS: Differs from C. c. coeligena (Lesson) of the Caracas region by more greenish, less crimson, crown and back; from all other subspecies of C. coeligena differs by a whiter throat with the spots darker, more dusky, with their edges more sharply defined; from C. ec. columbiana (Elliot) from the Mérida region and Colombia it differs, additionally, by having a more greenish, less rufous back. RANGE: Known from the upper Rio Negro region, Sierra de Perija, in the Subtropical Zone, at altitudes from 1800 to 2300 meters. DESCRIPTION OF TYPE: Crown, nape and upper back Auburn, the feathers with dusky edges; lower back and rump barred with green and bronze; upper tail-coverts Warm Sepia; lores black, making promi- nent spots; ear-coverts dusky. Chin and throat white with sharply de- fined Sepia spots, small on chin and large on throat; feathers of breast with grayish edges and dusky centers giving a blotched appearance; ant bdomen more brownish than breast; sides and flanks bronze; under a il-coverts buffy with dusky centers. Remiges and greater upper wing- ecoverts Dark Vinaceous-Drab; lesser coverts bronze. Tail nearest to shiny Medal Bronze. Bill Gn life) ‘‘black;’’ feet ‘‘black;’’ iris ‘‘dark.’’ Wing, 73 mm.; tail, 48; exposed culmen, 30; culmen from base, 35; tarsus, 6. REMARKS: Sexes similar in coloration but males are larger. Size 1—PrROc. Brion. Soc. WASH., Vou. 66, 1953 (1) 2 Proceedings of the Bielogical Society of Washington slightly smaller than C. c. coeligena. Range of measurements: one adult male (type)—wing, 73 mm.; tail, 48; exposed culmen 30; four adult females—wing, 64-70 (67.5); tail, 41-43 (42); exposed culmen, 26-28 (27.5). Measurements of coeligena: four adult males—wing, (3), 74-78 (76.7); tail, 47-52 (49.7); exposed culmen, 30-32 (30.5); five adult females—wing, 67-73 (70); tail, 41-51 (45.8); exposed culmen, 31. Two males and one female of coeligena (collected by Mocquerys) in the American Museum of Natural History, labelled ‘‘Caripé’’ need confirmation of the locality; as does also the reference ‘‘Cumana’’ in Simon, Catalogue des Trochilidés, p. 363, 1921. The species has not otherwise been recorded from the Eastern Coast Range. Specimens Examined C. c. coeligena— VENEZUELA: Mt. Buearito. 2 (?)*; Buearal, 1 9, 1 (%); Cumbre de Valencia’, 2 ¢, 3 9; Colonia Tovar, 1 6, 2 Q; Caracas, 1 9*; Curupao, 1 ¢; Cerro Golfo Triste, 1 ¢, 2 9; Cerro Negro (Miranda), 1 6; ‘‘Venezuela,’’? 2 67. C. c. guliana— VENEZUELA: Cerro Pejochaina, 1 3 (type), 4 9; Cerro Quirinchi, 1 37. C. c. columbiana— VENEZUELA: Queniquea, 1 (?); Altamira, Barinas, 1 ¢; Cubiro, 2 9. COLOMBIA’: Andalucia, 2 9; Anolaima, 1 6; Fusagasuga, 1 ¢; ‘‘Bogota,’’ 7 (9). C. c. ferruginea—COLOMBIA!: 18°. C. e. obscura —ECUADOR': 23°. PERU’: 15°. C. c. boliviana.—BOLIVIA?: 5%. Heliangelus amethysticollis violiceps, new subspecies TYPE: From Cerro Pejochaina, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de Perija, Zulia, Venezuela; 2300 meters. No. 54505, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected February 10, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) DIAGNOSIS: Differs from all forms of H. amethysticollis by having a purplish crown instead of green uniform with the back. Differs addi- tionally from H. a. clarisse (Longuemare) of eastern Colombia by hav- ing a more purple, less rose colored gorget and the frontal iridescent patch bluish instead of green. RANGE: Known from the upper Rio Negro region in the Sierra de Parij& in the Subtropical and Temperate Zones at altitudes between 1800 and 2900 meters. DESCRIPTION OF TYPE: Frontal patch nearest to glittering Capri Blue; rest of upper part of head Dark Livid Purple with a greenish cast towards the nape; nape and back Parrot Green, more bronzy on uropygium; a small white postocular spot; lores and: sides of head blackish. Entire chin and throat lustrous purple; a wide white band across breast; glittering bluish green feathers across lower breast and sides; lower sides and flanks Parrot Green; feathers of abdomen with greenish centers and buffy margins; under tail-coverts white with dusky strips along the shafts. Remiges Dark Vinaceous Drab; greater wing- 18pecimens in the American Museum of Natural History. 2Specimens in the Pons Collection, Maracaibo. 8Wor gexes and localities see Zimmer, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1513, p. 25, May 81, 1951. Phelps and Phelps, Jr—New Birds from Perwja 3 eoverts dusky greenish; lesser ones bronze green uniform with uro- pygium; greater under wing-coverts uniform with remiges; lesser ones yellowish green. Median rectrices Kronbergs Green; remainder blackish with a purplish tinge; outer two pairs very narrowly tipped with whitish. Bill (in life) ‘‘black’’; feet ‘‘black’’; iris ‘‘dark.’’ Wing, 71 mm.; tail, 38; exposed culmen, 17; culmen from base, 22; tarsus, 5.5. REMARKS: Sexes unlike in coloration; males have longer wings. Size similar to clarisse. Range of measurements: five adult males— wing, 65-71 (69) mm.; tail, 38-41 (40.2) ; exposed culmen, 16-17 (16.6) ; two adult females—wing, 60-63 (61.5); tail, 35-38 (36.5); exposed eculmen, 17. Measurements of clarisse, ‘‘Bogotd’’ skins: five adult [males]—wing, 63-75 (69); tail, 40-42 (40.8); exposed culmen, 16-17 (16.8). The female differs from the male in having the top of the head green, uniform with the back; the frontal patch green instead of bluish; the gorget much bluer, Violet Ultramarine instead of Purple and confined to the upper half of the throat; lower half of the throat blackish with- out iridescence; and the wings shorter. We have one unsexed specimen in immature plumage which is similar to the females except that the entire throat is spotted (with only a single lustrous blue feather in the center), the feathers being black with white edges. Specimens Examined H. a. violiceps—_VENEZUELA: Cerro Pejochaina, 14 ¢ (inel. type), maa, | 1.2): Corro Tetari, 2 £2), 29, 1 [2], 1 juy. H. a. clarisse COLOMBIA’: 56%. H. a. laticlavius—ECUADOR’: 6%. H. a. decolor—PERU’: 8%. H. a. amethysticollis—PERU': 7*. BOLIVIA’: 4%. Picumnus olivaceus perijanus, new subspecies TYPE: From Cerro Pejochaina, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de Parija, Zulia, Venezuela; 1700 meters. No. 54702, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected March 17, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on de- posit at the American Museum of Natural History.) DIAGNOSIS: Differs from all races of P. olivaceus by having a more yellowish breast, lacking the brownish wash of the others; differs addi- tionally from P. o. tachirensis Phelps and Gilliard, of the Andes in the State of TAchira and adjoining Colombia, by having a more yellowish, less whitish abdomen and a more yellowish, less brownish back. RANGE: Known from the Rio Negro region of the Sierra de Parija in the Subtropical Zone at altitudes from 1100 to 1700 meters. DESCRIPTION OF TYPE: Crown and nape black; feathers of the crown tipped with Ochraceous-Orange * Yellow Ocher giving a streaked appearance; feathers of the nape tipped with small prominent white spots; back Saccardo’s Olive, the feathers edged with Old Gold giving a faintly streaked appearance; rump brighter, mixed with Citron Green; upper tail-coverts whitish with yellowish edges; feathers of lores and 4For localities and sexes see Zimmer, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1540, p. 28, Dec. 3, 1951. 4 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington base of maxilla whitish, tipped with dusky; sides of head pale buffy, the feathers tipped with dusky. Chin and throat paler than Colonial Buff; feathers of chin lightly edged with dusky; breast near Olive Lake, the feathers edged lightly with pale yellowish giving a streaked appearance; abdomen, sides, flanks and under tail-coverts Straw Yel- low, streaked with dark olive; axillaries whitish. Wings Benzo Brown; primaries narrowly edged externally with pale greenish, tertials broadly so with Citron Yellow; inner vanes of remiges edged basally with pale buff, more extensively inwardly; median and lesser upper wing-coverts narrowly edged with pale yellowish green; under wing-coverts pale buffy. Tail black; inner vanes of two median rectrices yellowish white, adjacent rectrices all black; others largely whitish apically. Bill (in life) ‘‘black’’; feet ‘‘greenish gray’’; iris ‘‘dark.’’ Wing, 55 mm.; tail, 28; exposed culmen, 11; culmen from base, 13; tarsus, 13. REMARKS: Sexes unlike in coloration; similar in size. Size similar to P. o. olivaceus Lafresnaye. Range of measurements: five adult males —wing, 53-55 (54) mm.; tail, 25-28 (27); culmen from base, 12-13 (12.4); three adult females—wing, 54-55 (54.3); tail, 26-28 (27.3); culmen from base, 12-13 (12.6). Measurements of olivaceus: five adult males from Columbia (Honda, la Friiolera, Pto. Berrio, San Augustin )— wing, 53-59 (55.4); tail, 26-30 (29.8); eulmen from base, 12-14 (13); five adult females (Honda, San Augustin, La Palma)—wing, 52-57 (53.4); tail, 27-30 (28.2); eulmen from base, 12. The female differs from the male in having the crown spots white, uniform with those of the nape, instead of orange. Specimens Examined P. o. dimotes—NICARAGUA/: 1°. P. o. flavotinctus’—COSTA RICA: 9°. PANAMA: 14°. P. o. olivaceus’‘—COLOMBIA: La Palma, 1 9; Honda (within 20 miles), 2 6,4 2; La Frijolera, 1 3; Malena, 1 ¢; Puerto Berriol ¢; San Augustin, Huila, 1¢,1 9; Rio Toche, 1 ¢,1 92; Aguadita, 1 9; “*Boeota? 80s 1p 44 1. P. o. harterti'.—COLOMBIA: 25. ECUADOR: 17°. P. o. tachirensis VENEZUELA: Villa Péez, Paramo de Tama, 2 6; Las Delicias, 3 6, 2 9; Queniquea, 2 6, 2 9,1 4 juv., 1 (2) juv.; Seboruco, 1 ¢. P. o. perijanus—VENEZUELA: Cerro Pejochaina, Perijé, 5 ¢ (inel. type), 3 9; Manastara, 1 $7; El Escondido, 1 ¢°; La Sabana, re ae Synallaxis unirufa munoztebari, new subspecies TYPE: From Cerro Tetari, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de Perijé, Zulia, Venezuela; 2900 meters. No. 54771, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected April 3, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) DIAGNOSIS: Differs from all races of S. unirufa by having a faint superciliary stripe, paler under parts and lighter, more buffy forehead; from S. u. meridana Hartert and Goodson, of the Mérida region, it differs additionally by having browner, less rufous upper parts and 5Wor localities and sexes see Phelps and Gilliard, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1153, p. 3; Nov. 26, 1941. Phelps and Phelps, Jr—New Birds from Peria 5) shorter wings and tail; and from S. wu. castanea Sclater, of the Caracas region, additionally by having darker upper parts and by lacking the black chin patch. RANGE: The upper Rio Negro region of the Sierra de Perija in the Subtropical and Temperate Zones at altitudes from 1900 to 2900 meters. DESCRIPTION OF TYPE: Crown and nape Antique Brown; fore- head tinted with Light Ochraceous Salmon; back and rump Sanford’s Brown; upper tail-coverts olive brown; lores black; pale superciliary stripe, extending from maxilla to neck, Light Ochraceous Salmon; sides of head and under parts Cinnamon, merging into Pinkish Cinnamon on throat, lower abdomen and under tail-coverts; many of the dusky bases of the throat feathers visible. Wings Fuscous; remiges edged basally and externally with brownish, more heavily so on tertials; upper wing- coverts uniform with back; under wing-coverts and axillaries Cinnamon. Upper surfaces of median rectrices Chestnut, others paler; under sur- faces Rood’s Brown; inner vanes of four median rectrices washed with dusky apically. Bill (in life) ‘‘black with gray base’’; feet ‘‘ bluish gray’’; iris ‘‘chestnut.’’ Wing, 56 mm.; tail, 82; exposed culmen, 13; culmen from base, 16; tarsus, 22. REMARKS: Sexes alike. Size smaller than meridana. Range of measurements: two adult males—wing, 56-57 (56.5) mm.; tail, 82-92 (87); culmen from base, 16-17 (16.5); three adult females—wing, 50-54 (52.3); tail, 81-87 (84); culmen from base, 15-17 (16); one specimen of undetermined sex—wing, 57; tail, 96; culmen from base, 16. Mea- surements of meridana: five adult males—wing, 58-62 (60); tail, 97-104 (98); culmen from base 16-17 (16.8); five adult females—wing, 56-59 (57.6); tail (4), 92-97 (94.5); eulmen from base, 16-17 (16.4). It gives us great pleasure to name this bird in honor of Sr. Ricardo Muiiez Tébar. His youth hides many years of sound taxonomic work by which he has earned the respect of all Venezuelan ornithologists and especially of his colleagues in the Phelps Collection of which he is Assistant Curator. Specimens Examined S. u. castanea.— VENEZUELA: Cerro El Avila, 2 9,1 (?); Silla de Caracas’, 2 6, 2 2; Galipdn’, 5 6,6 9; El Junquito, 6 6,2 4,3 Q, 5 (%); No Leon, 1 6; Colonia Tovar, 2 6,1 44,1 9,2 9% S. u. meridana.—VENEZUELA: Paramo de Tama, 3 ¢,1 92; Las Delicias, 1 6, 1 9; Queniquea, 1 2; Boca de Monte, 2 ¢, 29; Paéramo El Escorial’, 1 ¢,1 4 juv.; Valle, 1 ¢',2 6,1 92; Mesa de Lino, 1 9, 3 (%); Llano Rucio, 1 ¢; Paéramo Misisi, 1 6, 1 9; Paéramo Cendé, 26. S. u. munoztebari—VENEZUELA: Cerro Tetari, PerijAé, 4 ¢ (ine. type); Cerro Yin-Taina, 1 9; 1 (?); Cerro Pejochaina, 1 2; Cerro Jamayaujaina, 1 (?) juv.2; Tararamo, 1 ¢ juv.?; Cerro Quirinehi, 1 27. S. u. unirufa’.—COLOMBIA: West of Popayan, 2 6, 2 2,1 (?); San Antonio, 1 9; El Roble, 1 ¢, 1 (?); El Pifion, 1 6,1 92; ‘‘Bogo- ta,’’? 1 (?). ECUADOR; Oyacachi, 1 ¢; Baeza, 3 6; Sumaco Arriba, 24,3 9; Luna, 1 (?); Ambato, 1 (?)), 1 9 juv. S. u. ochrogaster—PERU': Ramicruz, 1 9, 1 2 juv.; Guayabamba, i a * Taw Leija, 2 4. 6 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Synallaxis gularis brunneidorsalis, new subspecies TYPE: From Cerro Tetari, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de PerijA, Zulia, Venezuela; 2900 meters. No. 54780, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected by Ramon Urbano, April 1, 1952. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) DIAGNOSIS: Differs from the other races, S. g. gularis Lafresnaye of Colombia to Peri and S. g. cinereiventris Chapman of the Mérida region, by darker upper parts, pale brown instead of rufous; and lighter under parts, grayish instead of brownish. RANGE: Known only from Cerro Tetari in the upper Rio Negro region of the Sierra de Perij4, in the Temperate Zone at an altitude of 2900 meters. DESCRIPTION OF TYPE: Top of head, nape, back and uropygium paler than Argus Brown; wide white superciliary stripe from base of bill to neck; lores dusky; sides of head grayish brown. Chin white merging into the Light Drab & Drab-Gray of throat, breast, abdomen and under tail-coverts; sides and flanks Tawny-Olive. Wings Benzo Brown; primaries, except outermost, edged externally with grayish brown; tertials and upper wing coverts heavily edged with Argus Brown uniform with back; inner webs of remiges edged with pale buffy, basally; bend of wing whitish olive; under wing-coverts and axillaries Tawny-Olive. Tail Auburn, under surface paler. Bill (in life) ‘‘ maxilla black; mandible flesh’’; feet ‘‘olive green’’; iris ‘‘dark.’’ Wing, 58 mm.; tail, 65; exposed culmen, 14; culmen from base, 16; tarsus, 20. REMARKS: Sexes alike in coloration. Size similar to cinereiventris. Range of measurements: one adult male (type)—wing, 58 mm.; tail, 65; culmen from base, 16; three adult females—wing, 54-55 (54.7); tail, 54-64 (58); culmen from base, 16; three adults of undetermined sex— wing, 53-56 (54.7); tail (2), 55-58 (56.5); culmen from base, 16. Measurement of cinereiventris: four adult males—wing, 52-54 (53); tail (2), 51-55 (53); culmen from base, 15-17 (16). Of the nine Bogota trade skins in the American Museum of Natural History, five are closer to cinereiventris than to gularis. The gray bellied cinereiventris probably occurs in the Paéramo de Tamé, Colombia, and it may very well be that the above mentioned five specimens came from more northeastern localities than did the four dark bellied gularis. The five gray bellied ‘‘Bogot4’’ skins are not listed below. Specimens Examined S. g. brunneidorsalis—VENEZUELA: Cerro Tetari, Perij4é, 1 ¢ (type); 1 °S) juve, 2 2.2 OD suv 3 ee). S. g. cinereiventris—_VENEZUELA: Pdramo de Tama, 2 9; Paramo Zumbador, 1 ¢; Boca de Monte, 1 2, 1 (%); El Muerto, Paramo Aricagua, 1 ¢, 3 (?); Pdramo San Antonio, 1 (?); Quintero, 1 ¢; Pa4ramo El Escorial’, 2 ¢, 2 2; Valle’, 1 4,1 (%); Paramo Conejos’, 1 ¢,1 9; Paéramo La Culata!, 1 9; ‘‘Mérida’”, 2 (?), 2 (%) [juv.]; Mesa de Lino, 1 ¢; Cerro Niquitéz,1 ¢. S. g. gularis'\—COLOMBIA: Paramillo, Antioquia, 1 9; west of Popayin, 5 2; El Pifion, 1 2; ‘‘Bogoté’’, 4 (?). ECUADOR: Cerro Mojanda, 2 4,2 9; Pichincha, 5 6,3 9,2 (?); Sumaco Arriba, 1 ¢, 2 9; Gualea, 1 ¢; Milligalli, 1 6,1 9; Oyacachi, 1 6,1 9; Baeza, 14; Mindé, 1 4,1 9; ‘‘Eeuador’’, 1 (?). Phelps and Phelps, Jr—New Birds from Peria 7 Scytalopus femoralis nigricans, new subspecies TYPE: From Cerro Pejochaina, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de Perija, Zulia, Venezeula; 1900 meters. No. 54928, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected February 18, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) DIAGNOSIS: Male differs from all races of S. femoralis in black instead of brownish or sooty upper and lower parts; white crown patch larger; throat mixed whitish and grayish instead of uniform with under parts; only indications of buffy or rufous barring on lower flanks and under tail-coverts instead of prominently so. Female differs from all races by extensive grayish white throat and dark grayish breast mixed with whitish. RANGE: Known only from Cerro Pejochaina, upper Rio Negro re- gion of the Sierra de PerijA in the Subtropical Zone at 1900 meters altitude. DESCRIPTION OF TYPE: Entire upper parts and sides of head black except a white crown patch, 9 by 6 mm. Chin, breast, sides, under surface of tail and abdomen black, some feathers of latter grayish at tips forming a few dull patches; throat whitish, the feathers with dusky tips giving a mottled appearance; lower flanks, thighs and under tail- coverts barred with Cinnamon Brown. Inner vanes of remiges, lower surface of wings, under wing-coverts and axillaries with a brownish tinge. Under surface of tail blackish. Bill (in life) ‘‘black’’; feet ‘*brownish black’’; iris ‘‘dark brown’’. Wing, 53 mm.; tail, 40; ex- posed culmen, 12; culmen from base, 15; tarsus, 22. REMARKS: Sexes similar in size but different in color. Size smaller than S. f. confusus Zimmer, especially the wing. Range of measurements: one adule male) (type)—wing, 53 mm.; tail, 40; culmen from base 15; one adult female—wing, 52; tail, 39; culmen from base, 14. Meas- urements of confusus: five adult males from Colombia (inel. type)— wing, 57-63 (60); tail, 43-45 (44.2); culmen from base (3), 16; one adult female from San Antonio, Cauca—wing, 58; tail, 39; culmen from base, 16. Description of female. No. 54929. Crown and forehead blackish with a grayish white patch, half as large as in the male; occiput and nape Prout’s Brown with narrow indistinct dusky barring; back Prout’s Brown mottled with dusky; lower rump and upper tail-coverts Antique Brown, heavily barred with black; sides of head dark grayish. Chin and throat grayish white merging into the dark gray breast and upper ab- domen which are mottled with light gray, whitest posteriorly; lower sides, flanks, lower abdomen and under tail-coverts Antique Brown, heavily barred with black. Wings Fuscous; primaries mostly tipped lightly with grayish, tertials more prominently so with dark buffy; tertials and upper wing-coverts washed and mottled with Prout’s Brown; under wing-coverts grayish brown. Tail brownish black. Specimens Examined S. f. bolivianus—PERU?: 3°. S. f. femoralis—PERU’: 4° ®6For localities and sexes see Zimmer, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1044, p. 17, Oct. 1, 1939, 8 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington S. f. micropterus\.—PERU: 6°. ECUADOR: 24° S. f. confusus—COLOMBIA’: Miraflores, 1 ¢; Las Lomitas, 1 ¢ El Edén, 1 6; Buena Vista, 1 ¢; La Candela, 1 ¢; La Palma,1 9 San Antonio, 1 Q@; Coast Range west of Popaydn, 1 (?); ‘‘Bogota’ 2 (%). S. f. sanctae-martae—COLOMBIA: Valparaiso, Santa Marta, 2 (?)% S. f. nigricans VENEZUELA: Cerro Pejochaina, 1 ¢ (type), 1 9. e > . 3 , Ochthodiaeta fumigata olivacea, new subspecies TYPE: From Cerro Tetari, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de Perija, Zulia, Venezuela; 2900 meters. No. 55053, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected April 5, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) DIAGNOSIS: Differs from all races of O. fumigata by darker upper and under parts, more olivaceous, less brownish. Differs additionally from O. f. lugubris Berlepsch of the Mérida region by having the under tail-coverts uniform with under parts instead of ochraceous and by having a faint superciliary stripe. RANGE: Known only from Cerro Tetari in the upper Rio Negro re- gion of the Sierra de Perijé, in the Temperate Zone at 2900 meters altitude. DESCRIPTION OF TYPE: Feathers of top of head dusky in center with Drab edges giving a faintly striped appearance; back and rump more solidly drab; upper tail-coverts blackish brown, only lightly edged with Drab; faint grayish superciliary stripe from base of bill to neck; lores dusky; sides of head uniform with back. Chin striped with dusky and whitish merging into the wider dusky and buffy stripes of throat; rest of under parts grayer than Mummy Brown, paler on crissum; edges of under tail-coverts paler. Wings darker than Benzo Brown; inner vanes of remiges, basally, under wing-coverts and axillaries Salmon- Buff; tertials slightly edged externally with grayish; greater and median upper wing-coverts strongly edged apically with pale buffy, making a prominent wing bar; bend of wing grayish buff. Tail Bone Brown, much paler on under surface; outer vanes of outer rectrices, except apically, pale buffy. Bill (in life) ‘‘black’’; feet ‘‘black;’’ iris ‘‘dark’’. Wing, 112 mm.; tail, 86; exposed culmen, 19; culmen from base, 25; tarsus, 25. REMARKS: Sexes alike in color; male has longer wings. Size similar to O. f. fumigata Boissonneau. Range of measurements: one adult male (type)—wing, 112 mm.; tail, 86; culmen from base, 25; two adult females—wing, 103-105 (104); tail, 85-86 (85.5); culmen from base, 23-24 (23.5). Measurements of fumigata: five adult males—wing, 103- 116 (109.4); tail, 84-86 (85.4); eulmen from base, 22-26 (24.2); five adult females—wing, 100-109 (104.6); tail, 80-87 (83.4); eulmen from base, 23-24 (23.8). Specimens Examined O. f. olivaceaa—VENEZUELA: Cerro Tetari, Perijé, 1 3 (type), ae. O. f. lugubris —VENEZUELA: Boea de Monte, 1 ¢,2 9; El Muerto, Paramo Aricagua, 1 ¢; Valle, 1 9*; Péramo La Culata, 4 ¢*; Paéramo Phelps and Phelps, Jr—New Birds from Perija 9 El Escorial, 2 2*; Llano Rucio, 1 ¢, 2 9, 1 (?); La Honda, Sto. Domingo, Mérida, 2 ¢; Sto. Domingo, Mérida, 1 ¢; Pdramo Cendé, 1 4,2 2,1 Q juv.; Cerro Niquitéz, 3 ¢, 29. O. f. fumigata.—COLOMBIA: Laguneta, 3 6,1 9; Coachi, 4 (?); Salento, 1 9; Almaguer, 1 9; west of Popaydn, 1 9; ‘‘Bogota’’, 5 (?). ECUADOR: Baeza, 2 6, 1 9; Pichincha, 3 6,1 92,1 (2%); Sumaco Arriba, 1 ¢,1 9; Papallacta, 3 ¢; Quito, 1 (?); ‘‘Eeuador’’, 2A). ,_ O. f. cajamarcae’—ECUADOR: Hoyaukshi, 1 92; Chical, 1 ¢. PERU: Taulis, 4 9; La Leija, 1 ¢,2 Q. Turdus fuscater clarus, new subspecies TYPE: From Cerro Tetari, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de Perij4, Zulia, Venezuela; 2900 meters. No. 55339, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected March 31, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) DIAGNOSIS: Closest to T. f. gigas Fraser of the Mérida region and Colombia but differs from all races of T. fuscater by lighter color, pale olive brown above and yellowish gray below; differs additionally from T. f. gigas by shorter wings and tail and from T. F. cacozelus (Bangs) of Santa Marta by smaller bill. RANGE: Known only from Cerro Tetari, upper Rio Negro in the Sierra de Perijd, in the Temperate Zone at 2900 meters altitude. DESCRIPTION OF TYPE: Top and sides of head, back and uropy- gium Light Brownish Olive, paler brownish on forehead; lores and eye- lids dusky. Chin whitish, lightly barred with pale brownish; throat buffy olive heavily.streaked with Light Brownish Olive, merging into the near Light Drab of breast and more grayish buffy of abdomen; erissum more whitish; flanks tinged with brownish; under tail-coverts Light Drab faintly edged with grayish. Wings Bone Brown; primaries, “except two outer ones, narrowly edged on outer vanes, subterminally, with grayish; remaining remiges heavily edged with Light Brownish Olive, increasingly so on tertials; edges of inner vanes slightly grayish basally; upper wing-coverts, except greater ones, uniform with back; bend of wing brownish; under wing-coverts Cinnamon; axillaries more buffy. Median rectrices and outer vanes of others uniform with back; inner vanes Bone Brown; outer vanes of outermost rectrices, tips and inner vanes terminally, very finely edged with grayish. Bill (in life) ‘*bright orange’’; feet ‘‘orange yellow’’; iris ‘‘ brownish red’’. Wing, 140 mm.; tail, 131; exposed culmen, 26; culmen from base, 31; tarsus, 41. REMARKS: Sexes alike. Range of measurements: two adult males— wing, 138-140 (139) mm.; tail, 124-131 (127.5); culmen from base, 31- 32 (31.5); four adult females—wing, 136-140 (139); tail, 126-131 (128.7); eulmen from base, 30-32 (31). Measurements of gigas: five adult males from Colombia—wing, 157-165 (160.4); tail, 143-152 (148); culmen from base (4), 29-32 (31); five adult females from the Mérida region—wing, 145-159 (151.2); tail, 138-150 (142.4); eulmen from base, 29-31 (30). Measurements of cacozelus (in the Museum of Com- parative Zoology): five adult males—wing, 141-153 (145); tail, 127- 144 (134.4); eulmen from base, 33-34 (33.4); five adult females—wing, 142-146 (143.6); tail, 129-134 (131.8); eulmen from base, 33-36 (34.2). 10 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Specimens Examined T. f. fuscater.—BOLIVIA: Cuchacancha, 3 6, 3 9; Valle Grande, 1 (%); Jungas, 1 (?); Cocopunco, 1 6; Tugma, 1 6; Pongo, 1 9. T. f. okendeni‘—PERU: Marcapata, 2 2, 1 (3); Ocabamba Valley, 1 $,1 2; Limbani, 1 ¢; Oconeque, 1 ¢. T. f. gigantoides’—PERU: Ramicruz, 1 ¢; San Pedro, 1 6; Levanto, 1 9. ECUADOR: var loes., 16 ¢,9 @. T. f. quindio.—ECUADOR: var. loes., 36. COLOMBIA: var. loes., 37. T. f. gigas—COLOMBIA!: Quitame, 2 ¢, 1 9; Coachi, 2 (?%)s Bogota, 2 2; ‘‘Bogoté’’, 6 (?); Sabia 1 ¢; Andalucia, 1 ¢ ; Chipaque, 2 2; Porquera, 1 ¢,1 9; Anolaima, 1 ¢; El Roble, 1 9. VENE- ZUELA: P&aramo de Tama, 5 ¢, 2 92; Villa Paez, 1 ¢, 2 9; Las Delicias, 4 6, 1 29; Paramo Zumbador, 5 ¢, 4 2; Boca de Monte, 1 (2); Paramo Aricagua, 2 $,1 (?); El Muerto, 1 3; Valle,1 6,1 9, 1 2 juv., 1 (2); Paéramo La Culata, 2 61, 1 9; Mérida, 2 (?%)'; P4ramo Conejos, 1 ¢*; La Honda, Santo Domingo, 1 ¢ ; Laguna Negra, 1 2; Mesa de Lino, 1 6; Pdaramo Mucuchies, 1 6; Cendé, 2 6,1 9; P4ramo Misisi, 2 6, 3 9; Altamira, Trujillo, 3 ¢,4 9; Cubiro,1 ¢. T. f. cacozelus—COLOMBIA: Paramo de Chirgua, Sta. Marta, 1 ¢’, 2 67,1 97; San Miguel’, 2 $,1 9; El Maméin’, 2 9,1 2 juv.; Paramo de Mocotana’, 2 6, 2 (2); San Sebastian’, 2 ¢;3 4 juv.,2 9,1 9 juv. T. f. clarus—VENEZUELA: Cerro Tetari, 2 ¢ (incl. type), 1 ¢ imm., 4 Q. 7Specimens in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge. Phelps and Phelps, Jr—New Birds from Pervja 11 1. Aves (ven) q ¥ Lec Manjes — QL Arube © 64 I 325.Km. % 4 Curegeo : - “a Pen. de Q 9 + -e + Blanquille se pm +c ee sa cape # Aves —_ 1. Orchite © +405 Hermans ——Golfo de ‘ tf Los Testigos 1. Margerite “# Les Freiles i Cubsgua © “et.Coche Pen.6e Araya x oN GN SS % Imatac® "%y,C. Tomascte VENEZUELA i 200 300 KILOMETROS se 00 200 MILLAS Curvas de hivel en metros PLATE 1. MAP OF VENEZUELA List of Localities 13 Altamira (Barinas) 16 Cubiro 14 Altamira (Trujillo) 10 Culata, Paramo La 8 Aricagua, Paramo 19 Cumbre de Valencia 21 Avila, Cerro del 22 Curupao 5 Boca de Monte 1 El Escondido 18 Buearal 21 El Junquito 17 Buearito, Mt. (Cerro) 8 El Muerto 25 Caripe 9 Escorial, Paramo El 21 Caracas 21 Galip4n 15 Cendé 23 Golfo Triste, Cerro 15 Cendé, P4ramo 1 Jamayaujaina, Cerro 20 Colonia Tovar 12 Laguna Negra 7 Conejos, PAéramo 12 La Honda 12 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington La Sabana Las Delicias Llano Rucio Manastara Mérida Mesa de Lino Misisi, Paramo Mucuchiese, Péramo Negro, Cerro (Miranda) Niquitaz, Cerro No Leén Queniquea Pejochaina, Cerro Quintero Quirinchi, Cerro San Antonio, Paramo Santo Domingo (Mérida) Seboruco Silla de Caracas Tama, Paramo de Tararamo Tetari, Cerro Valle Villa Paez Yin-Taina, Cerro Zumbador, Péramo S746 Waxbk Bp 7 Ye SL 4Dp, eS March 30, 1953 PROCEEDINGS ~~ OF THE — BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Vol, 66, pp. 13-14 A RACE OF FOREST-INHABITING FINCH FROM THE PERIJA MOUNTAINS OF VENEZUELA AND COLUMBIA By ALEXANDER WETMORE AND WILLIAM H. PHELPS, JR. When collections of birds made on the Colombian slope of the Sierra de Perijaé came to hand in 1942 it appeared that the population of Atlapetes schistaceus from this mountain mass was different from that of the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuela, but comparative material was not sufficient to establish this with certainty. In the ten years that have passed specimens have been secured for the Phelps Collection on the Venezuelan side of the range, with a considerable series of Atlapetes schistaceus castanetfrons from the Mérida region. With this new material at hand we now describe the bird of the high forests of the Perija range as Atlapetes schistaceus fumidus, subsp. nov. Characters.—Similar to Atlapetes schistaceus castaneifrons (Sclater and Salvin)’, but dorsal surface slightly grayer, less sooty; gray of breast and abdomen more even in tone, with less whitish centrally, aver- aging very slightly darker. Description.—Type, Phelps Collection no. 55828, male, 2900 meters elevation on Cerro Tetari, Sierra de Perij4, Zulia, Venezuela, March 30, 1952, collected by R. Urbano (on deposit in U. S. National Museum). Crown russet, very slightly paler on hind neck; loral spot white; sides of head, including superciliary area, and sides of neck black, with feather shafts on auricular area gray, forming very narrow lighter lines; lower hindneck, back, rump and upper tail coverts dark mouse gray; wing coverts, remiges and rectrices dull black; malar region, throat and chin white, with a strongly marked streak of black separating the white of the malar streak from the throat; breast and sides neutral gray, shading to deep neutral gray on flanks and under tail coverts, center of lower breast and abdomen whitish; posterior side of tibia dark neutral gray, anterior side deep neutral gray; under wing coverts pallid mouse gray, washed with whitish; edge of wing and a narrow edging on outer web of outer (ninth) primary white. Bill dull black; tarsus and toes blackish brown; iris chestnut brown (from data on label). Measurements.—Males, 14 specimens, wing 71.2-77.7 (74.5), tail 73.2- 82.8 (78.6), culmen from base 14.2-15.2 (14.8), tarsus 25.9-28.7 (27.4) mm. 1Buarremon castanetfrons Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, August, 1875, p. 255, pl. 35, fig. 1 (P&ramo de Culata, Mérida, Venezuela). 2—Proo. Bion. Soo. WASH., VOL. 66, 19538 (18) 14 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Females, 16 specimens, wing 66.4-72.9 (69.9), tail 69.7-78.0 (73.7), culmen from base 14.3-15.8 (14.8, average of 15 specimens), tarsus 25.7-27.9 (27.2) mm. Type, male, wing 74.0, tail 77.4, culmen from base 14.5, tarsus 25.9 mm. Range.—Known from 2900 to 3100 meters elevation in the higher wood- lands of the Sierra de Perija, in Colombia and Venezuela. Specimens seen from above Hiroca, Laguna de Junco, and Cerro Pintado, Magda- lena, Colombia, and from Cerro Tetari, Zulia, Venezuela. Remarks.—Specimens of castaneifrons and fumidus become grayer on the dorsal surface with feather wear, which needs to be kept in mind so as to make comparisons with specimens in similar stage of plumage. The slightly darker gray of the underparts of fumidus is more con- stant, a character that shows some approach to the very much darker form tamae, found in the mountains to the south, on Paramo Tama, on the boundary between TAachira, Venezuela, and in northern Santander and Norte de Santander, Colombia. In size fuwmidus is identical with castaneifrons. The record for Atlapetes schistaceus castaneifrons from above Hiroca, Magdalena, listed by de Schauensee’ refers to a specimen of fumidus sent by Wetmore to the Instituto de Ciencias Naturales in Bogota, from the collections made for the U. S. National Museum in the Perija region by Carriker. The subspecific name is taken from the latin fumidus, smoke colored. Following is a list of specimens examined during these studies. Atlapetes schistaceus castaneifrons: Venezuela: Tachira: 1¢, Paramo Zumbador; 3 ¢, 4 9, Boca de Monte, Pregonero. Mérida: 2 ¢, 2 Q, Paramo Aricagua; 1 ¢, Mesa de Lino, Santo Domingo; 6 ¢, 4 9, La Honda, Santo Domingo; 1 ¢, Pdramo San Antonio; 1 92, P&aramo de Culata; 3 6, 4 9, Llano Rucio; 1 ¢@, Timotes. Trujillo: 5 ¢,3 9, Cendé, Paramo Cendé; 2 ¢, El Rincén, Cerro Niquitaz; 1 9, Paramo Jabén. Atlapetes schistaceus fumidus: Magdalena, Colombia: 2 ¢, 1 @, Laguna de Junco; 1 ¢, Cerro Pintado; 3 6, 2 9, above Hiroca; 3 ¢, 3 9, southern Teta (of Las Tres Tetas). Zulia, Venezuela: 7 6,9 9, Cerro Tetari. Atlanetes schistaceus tamae: Colombia, Santander; 6 6, 4 9, Haci- enda La Vegas, above Piedecusta. Norte de Santander: 1 ¢,3 92, Alto del Pozo; 1 6, 2 9, Pamplona; 1 4,1 2, Buenos Aires. TAachira, Venezuela; 3 ¢, 6 9, PAéramo de Tamaé. 2Caldasia, vol. 5, no. 25, August 31, 1951, p. 1102. a) | ei' Lal a ) + J - 5 — Vol 66, 9p. 1520 1p) tar 80, 1988 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NOTES ON THE RUFOUS GOATSUCKERS OF VENEZUELA By ALEXANDER WETMORE AND WILLIAM H. PHELPS, JR. Examination of specimens of Caprimulgus rufus in the Phelps Collection in Caracas has brought to attention a strik- ing variation in the direction of large size in one individual that has led to a prolonged and careful study of available ma- terial with results of definite interest. The most recent review of the group is that of Griscom! who recognizes 4 subspecies, describing Caprimulgus rufus minimus as new (type from near Panama City, Panama), with a range extending from Panama to Colombia and Venezuela. Griscom’s treatment was accepted by Peters in volume 4 of the Check-list of the Birds of the World in 1940, and represents current understanding of the species. In the course of our work we have seen all of the skins available in Venezuela and in the United States of America, a total of more than 50 specimens. The following is a summary of our observations. Caprimulgus otiosus (Bangs) Antrostomus rufus otiosus Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 24, June 23, 1911, p. 188 (St. Lucia, British West Indies). While earlier ornithologists, with scanty material, included the birds of St. Lucia with those ranging from Panama to northern Argentina as one form, under the name Caprimulgus rufus, Bangs recognized that specimens from St. Lucia were decidedly larger than those of adjacent continental areas in Panama, Colombia and Venezuela and separated them as a geographic race, a status that has remined without dispute until the present. In 1949 the Phelps Collection received a male taken by R. Urbano September 2, near Posecién El Aral, at 275 meters eleva- tion on the Rio Socuy in the State of Zulia, Venezuela, (Phelps Col- lection no. 48, 712). This specimen initiated the present study, as it differed from the usual style of the bird under discussion in duller coloration, and also in size, though comparative measurements were difficult to obtain as it was renewing the outermost primaries in molt. We had considerable discussion of this skin, but were able to come to no conclusion regarding it. Presently, there appeared another in the collection of the Museo de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, in Caracas, taken December 10, 1948 at La Ciénaga, Baruta, Miranda, also a bird in partial molt. And a little later there came to this same collection from the same locality, a female (marked as having enlarged ova), 1Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 81, May, 1937, pp. 423-425, 8—Proo. B1ou. Soo. WASH., Vov. 66, 1953 (15) 16 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington taken April 22, 1951, by G. Yépes. Careful comparisons of these three with skins in the U. S. National Museum, the American Museum of Natural History, and the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy have indi- cated their allocation with the bird of St. Lucia, a most surprising result, and a conclusion that has been reached only after detailed and careful study. The bird of St. Lucia differs from Caprimulgus rufus minimus of northern South America and Panama in decidedly larger size, and in darker, less rufescent coloration, particularly on the anterior part of the body. The following measurements have been taken from skins of otiosus. Males, 8 specimens, wing 183-193 (188), tail 123.5-131.0 (127.3), eulmen from base 7.3-8.7 (8.1), tarsus 17.0-18.6 (17.8) mm. Females, 3 specimens, wing 187-190 (188), tail 120.5-128.9 (124.1), culmen from base 7.0-7.2 (7.1), tarsus 17.0-18.6 (17.7) mm. It will be observed that the two sexes are practically alike in size. Measurements for available specimens of Caprimulgus rufus minimus are given in detail beyond under the next heading. It is sufficient here to call attention to the decidedly longer tail in otiosus, as well as to the longer wing. The two males of otiosus from Venezuela, as already stated, have the outer primaries in molt so that wing measurements are not available. The bird from El] Aral also is molting the tail. The male from La Cienaga, Miranda has the tail 126.5 mm., being near the average for otiosus from St. Lucia, and longer than any specimen of minimus. The female assigned to otiosus also is defective in wing and tail (due to loss of feathers in preparation) so that it does not give valid measure- ments. All three, however, agree with otiosus, and differ from C. r. minimus, in definitely duller color, and are assigned to the first men- tioned bird. The blacker coloration of the under side of the primaries in otiosus is especially to be noted, this difference being marked in the three Venezuelan birds. Migration from St. Lucia during the non-breeding season is the first thought that comes to mind to explain the presence of these birds in Venezuela, but this is ruled out by the widely separated dates of oc- currence, viz., April 22, September 2 and December 10, and by the female which is recorded by the collector as in laying condition. It appears that there are two populations, one in St. Lucia and one in northern Venezuela. As the latter apparently ranges in the area where Caprimulgus rufus minimus is found we must conclude that C. otiosus is a distinct species, and not a geographic race of rufus as has been supposed. It may be observed that the three birds from Venezuela appear slightly darker, particularly on the head and the anterior part of the body, than those from St. Lucia, so that it may be practicable with better material to separate them as a distinct geographic race. This however is not warranted on the basis of the present material. Caprimulgus rufus minimus Griseom Caprimulgus rufus minimus Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., vol. 81, May, 1937, p. 424 (Panam4 City, Panam4). The strictly nocturnal habits of this bird probably make it seem Wetmore and Phelps, Jr—Rufous Goatsuckers 17 rarer than it really is, since by day it is seldom encountered, and few are secured by collectors. The call of the male, resembling that of the Chuck-will’s-widow (Caprimulgus carolinensis) that nests in the south- eastern United States, may offer a clue to abundance when once it is learned. This race differs from Caprimulgus otiosus in smaller size, and lighter, more rufescent coloration, with the light and dark markings showing more contrast. Available measurements, including specimens from Panama and Co- lombia with those from Venezuela, are as follows: Males, 2 specimens, wing 179-184 (181), tail 119.7-121.0 (120.3), culmen from base 8.8-9.2 (9.0), tail 18.8-19.2 (19.0) mm. Females, 13 specimens, wing 176-182 (175), tail 107.6-120.5 (113.5), culmen from base 6.6-9.1 (7.8), tarsus 16.3-18.8 (17.2) mm. In personal acquaintance with this form males have been found to be wild and difficult to approach in comparison with the females, which seemingly is reflected in the smaller number of the male sex found in collections. The range of this bird in Venezuela is confined to the northern part of the country, where it is recorded in available material from Zulia (Ciénaga de Tule in the Distrito Mara), Mérida (Culata, Los Conejos, Escorial), Lara (Camoa), Distrito Federal (Rio San Julidn), and Sucre (Cumand). In the Sierra de Mérida it is recorded to an eleva- tion of 3,000 meters, which seems strange since elsewhere it is a bird of the tropical lowlands. Six females seen from Venezuela compared to 7 females from Panamé and Colombia, in series, appear brighter and slightly more rufescent, with the dark markings bolder. Some individual specimens may however be placed in either group. The markings appear especially contrasted and bold in the two males from Venezuela, but no males have been seen from the countries to the west. It is possible that a Venezuelan race may be separable when more material has been secured. A further point of considerable interest has come to light during the course of these studies. It will be recalled that Caprimulgus carolinensis, the Chuck-will’s-widow of the southeastern United States, that winters south to Panama and Colombia, has the long rictal bristles with well developed lateral filaments, while in all other species of the genus these bristles are smooth. The difference is so marked that it has been sug- gested that C. carolinensis might appropriately be recognized as a dis- tinct generic entity under the name Antrostomus Bonaparte. Ridgway considered this? but concluded that Caprimulgus rufus so closely re- sembled carolinensis ‘‘in coloration and large size that, notwithstanding the absence of pinnae to the rictal bristles, its different wing formula, ete., it would seem unreasonable to separate the two generically.’’ In the series of birds available in this study it has been of particular value to note a young individual of C. r. minimus in which the soft juvenal plumage is still in evidence in part, particularly on the under tail coverts. This is M.C.Z. 120370, collected by Wirt Robinson, July 25, 1900, on the Rio San Julian, east of La Guaira, Venezuela. This bird has a few of the strong rictal bristles, resembling those of the *Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no, 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 504. 18 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington adult, growing with the bases still in sheaths. On either side there are one or two shorter ones, apparently of the juvenal stage, which have numerous short lateral filaments on the basal half, resembling thus those of C. carolinensis. We may interpret this as a juvenile condition in C. rufus that persists in the adult of C. carolinensis, a still further indica- tion of the close relation between the two that has been pointed out by Ridgway. It may be repeated that the song of C. r. minimus, heard on many occasions in the Canal Zone and in the eastern part of the Province of Panama, is remarkably similar to that of the Chuck-will’s- widow. Caprimulgus rufus noctivigulus subsp. nov. Characters.—Similar to Caprimulgus rufus rufus Boddaert® but darker, and much more reddish brown; black markings less exten- sive, and less clearly defined; abdomen darker, nearly concolor with the breast; sides of head mainly chestnut, instead of mainly dull black; light throat band browner. Decidedly more rufescent than any other known race of rufus. Description.—Type, Phelps Collection no. 20667 (on deposit in U. 8. National Museum), male, Atures, Cafio Cataniapo, elevation 100 meters, Territorio Amazonas, Venezuela, January 27, 1943, collected by F. Benedetti. Crown, lores, hindneck and bordering area of upper back russet; loral feathers barred lightly with black; feathers of crown with black shaft streaks, which are narrow to nearly obsolete on fore- crown, and heavy from the center of the crown to the hindneck, all of the feathers in addition mottled with minute spots and broken streaks of black; sides of head black with russet bars; back and rump with central portions of feathers mainly black, edged and spotted with brown, between Prout’s brown and a color somewhat brighter than Mars brown; wing coverts dull black edged and barred irregularly with tawny, which changes to ochraceous-buff on the concealed webs of some of the feathers; primaries and secondaries dull black, barred with tawny, which changes in part to ochraceous-tawny on the concealed parts of the webs, the barring most definite on the outer webs of the primaries, irregular and broken elsewhere; ends of the innermost secondaries clay color, with shaft streaks of black, and irregular mottling of neutral gray, the clay color producing a lighter spot on the wing; tertials broadly and irregu- larly black on the centers, edged with tawny, which is mottled with dull black, the concealed parts of the feathers pinkish buff to cinnamon-buff which is slightly exposed to form another small, indistinct lighter patch on either side of the body; upper tail coverts dull black mottled with cinnamon buff and clay color; central rectrices and outer webs of lateral ones barred irregularly with dull black and mottled with cinnamon; three outermost rectrices with a large spot near the tip that is white viewed from above, and dark pinkish-buff from beneath, with the feathers tipped and edged externally with cinnamon; under surface in general between tawny and russet with fine, irregular cross bars of dull black; a broad band of chamois across the throat, barred narrowly and distinetly with dull black; several feathers in center of breast with small terminal areas of cinnamon that appear as distinct spots; under wing coverts dull black, barred indistinctly with snuff brown; edge of wing SCaprimulugus rufus Boddaert, Tabl. Planch. enlum., 1783, p. 46 (Cayenne). Wetmore and Phelps, Jr.—Rufous Goatsuckers 19 clay color; under tail coverts, cinnamon-buff barred sparingly with nar- row, irregular lines of black. Maxilla dull black, fuscous at base; mandible fuscous; lower part of tarsus and toes fuscous (from dried skin). Measurements.—Male (type specimen), wing 167, tail 120, culmen from cere 7.8, tarsus 18.7 mm. Female (one specimen), wing 175, tail 120, culmen from cere 7.5, tarsus 17.5 mm. Range.—The two known specimens come from El Carmen, Alto Par- guaza, in extreme western Bolivar, and from Atures, near the mouth of Cano Cataniapo, in northwestern Amazonas. It is believed that this form may range through the upper regions of the basin of the Rio Orinoco. Remarks.—In addition to the male in the Phelps Collection that serves as type we have available also a female presented to the U. S. National Musuem by Ventura Barnes, Jr., taken by him at El Carmen on the Alto Rio Parguaza in extreme western Boljvar, about 75 kilometers in an air line from the type locality. This female is brighter, more rufescent than the male, especially on the dorsal surface, so that in these two specimens we find represented the two color phases, one grayer, and one more rufescent, that are noted regularly in the races of this goatsucker. In the description of this race comparison has been made with skins of Caprimulgus rufus rufus Boddaert from Goiaz, Baia, and the Tapajoz region in Brasil. Boddaert’s name is based on plate 735 in Daubenton, marked as coming from Cayenne. 20 Proceedings of the Biological Society of W y ‘ tie, ‘ ) ~ . * i 3 ‘ ! ! - oe ‘on a 4 mel 4 x ie ae a 4s i 1 ee ey Sue oe ey ; ee wh, Lie He ean oO les ohh oat eee eT a HOLOCICAL sac? 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PTR dic ivevrok bese te!) | ew aoe heed Ce Pee : a i" Gee: Soe. mtyh OWS SIN GaN, MMe GIRS aOR EE 3 Pikes Sd : Ore: Gr trey. | Lay Ai erdaw oh. Sot) eA), git ees eae ce 7 is if pi Nae: 1 ao ete Lotte. atten ali hase “her veiw tas ir ite tigen Misery difterry frooks reragneed my reee 6 < 5 Oi Nae fan aches ley he Neri A merion thy ae ME OT am ean 1a Potiin soeatipen ¢ ell 7h beet st ele a oo dee ary memory peececle fib edve ne ocharltlie aw oe ae Ce oS web ANG Bef LPS. w4 oon ‘ — : 7 Wd ae: “Rigs VaSvERUneTN? Mths oboe iia taba eed ‘ably Bod wee chante, ers 0S Tense opncentivi aa gre tsras ane ee Se 48S nad dag At eas eoreeshe ae vw {/ aqme # f= \ Fo ital hed ae C4 (3 sScteiv ew CVA oN / tle Ar : ar a. all ¢ WF March 30, 1953 OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Vol. 66, pp. 21-26 DESCRIPTION OF A NEW ARMADILLO (DASYPUS NOVEMCINCTUS) FROM MEXICO WITH REMARKS ON GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION OF THE SPECIES By Roserr J. RUSSELL In a collection of mammals obtained in Morelos, Mexico, in the summer of 1949 by a field party of the Wildlife Man- agement Department, Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, was a single specimen of the nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus. This specimen, taken near Huitzilac, proved to be the first record of the armadillo in Morelos, as well as the first recorded specimen from the Rio Balsas drain- age. At first examination this specimen was found to differ markedly in cranial characteristics from representative speci- mens of both Dasypus n. fenestratus Peters and Dasypus n. mexicanus Peters, the two subspecies reported to occur in Mexico, and suggested the possibility of an undescribed sub- species inhabiting the Balsas Basin. Consequently, an effort was made to secure additional specimens in later field explora- tions, and in the summer of 1950 three others were taken. One, an adult male, was taken at Tlacotepec, a locality in the Balsas Basin approximately 35 miles southeast of Huitzilac. The other two, both subadult males, were taken 5 km. north of Tres Cumbres (Tres Marias on some maps) at an elevation of 10,200 feet, in a pine-fir forest association. These other specimens from Morelos differed from recognized subspecies of Dasypus novemcinctus in North America in the same char- acteristics as the earlier specimen; and it seems appropriate, therefore, to recognize the Morelos armadillo as a new sub- species which may be known as “Hike Dasypus novemcinctus davisi new subspecies aw ga OY Type. Adult male, skin and skull, no. 4952 Texas Cooperative Wild- life Collection, Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas; Huitzilac, 8500 feet, Morelos, Mexico; obtained by W. B. Davis, August 3, 1949, original no. 4909. Distribution. Known from several localities in Morelos where it in- habits both the arid lowlands and the humid mountains of the north- western part of the state. Limits of range unknown, but probably oc- curs throughout the Balsas Basin. 4—Proc. Brov. Soc. WaAsH., Vou. 66, 1953 (21) 22 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Diagnosis. Size small (see measurements); tail short; hind foot small; skull small and short, but relatively broad, especially in rostrum; zygomata broad (relative to length of skull), but actually narrower than in other subspecies; suture between the squamosal and jugal well in front of highest point of posterior process on upper border of zygoma; interorbital breadth narrow; infraorbital canal short, approximately half as long as in D. n. mexicanus ; nasals short; lacrimal almost square; lacrimal (anterior to the lacrimal foramen) averages 26.5 per cent as long as nasal; premaxillary reduced, permitting maxillary to extend al- most to anterior limits of rostrum; parietal-frontal suture lies posterior to posterior process of zygoma; maxillary teeth small, angular process of lower jaw with posterior projection. Comparisons. From D. n. mexicanus, the most closely related of de- scribed subspecies (specimens from Yucatan, Veracruz, Tamaulipas, Jalisco, and Texas), D. n. davisi differs as follows: Body smaller (total length averaging 698.5 as compared with 737); tail shorter (265.5 as compared with 344.5); hind foot smaller (average length 86.5 as com- pared with 100.5); skull smaller (occipital-nasal length 86.5 as com- pared with 97.6); zygomatic breadth less (averaging 40.1 as compared with 42.6); mastoid breadth slightly less; parietal-occipital suture only slightly coneave, rather than deeply concave or emarginate; parietal- frontal suture lies well behind, instead of anterior to, posterior process of zygomatic arch; interorbital breadth less (21.8 as compared with 24.4); infraorbital canal approximately half as long as in D. n. meai- canus; nasals shorter (30.3 as compared with 35.4); lacrimal averaging 26.5 per cent of length of nasal (39.3 per cent in Texas specimens of D. n. mexicanus to somewhat less in examples from Veracruz) ; maxillary teeth small (less than half as large as in D. n. meaxicanus); mandible slenderer; angular process well developed instead of usually wanting. From D. n. fenestratus (specimens from Costa Rica), D. n. davisi differs as follows: Body smaller; hind foot shorter and broader; interorbital constriction narrower (21.8 as compared with 22.5); zygomatic breadth slightly less (40.1 as compared with 42.0); suture between squamosal and jugal lies in front of posterior process of zygoma; zygoma narrow- er; infraorbital canal shorter; nasals shorter (30.3 as compared with 34.2); rostrum shorter and broader; maxillary teeth smaller. Measurements. The type and an adult male from Tlacotepec, Morelos, measure as follows: Total length, 660, 737; length of tail, 276, 255; length of hind foot, 90, 83; occipital-nasal length, 89.0, 84.0; greatest zygomatic breadth, 39.5, 40.6; mastoid breadth, 26.3, 26.9; breadth of braincase (across squamosals), 29.8, 30.2; interorbital breadth, 21.5, 22.1; length of palatine along suture, 14.5, 14.0; length of lacrimal (anterior to lacrimal foramen), 9.8, 10.2; length of nasals, 32.0, 28.6; length of maxillary tooth-row, 20.8, 20.4. Remarks. The type and the specimen (no. 4949, TCWC) from Tlaco- tepee are adults; each has the permanent maxillary teeth and the basi- occipital ankylosed with the basisphenoid. The permanent teeth are rather late in making their appearance in Dasypus novemcinctus, and when the milk dentition is replaced the animals are subadults. The suture between the basioccipital and basisphenoid disappears after re- placement of the teeth, and absence of this suture is indicative of adult- Russell—A New Armadillo from Mexico 23 hood. After fusion of the two bones, the basioccipital area becomes swollen and highly rugose. Seemingly intergradation between D. n. davisi and D. n. mexicanus takes place in the high mountains of northern Morelos. In the Sierra de Ajusco armadillos oceur up to at least 10,200 feet elevation. Two specimens taken near Tres Cumbres, Morelos, have large maxillary teeth and long infraorbital canals, features that are characteristic of D. n. mexicanus. They are smaller than typical D. n. mexicanus, of equal age, and it seems advisable to refer them to D. n. davisi. -I take pleasure in naming this new subspecies in honor of Professor William B. Davis in recognition of his contributions to North American mammalogy. Geographic variation of the nine-banded armadillo within Mexico is not well understood; however, certain preliminary conclusions can be made from material now available. Seemingly there are three well defined populations: one oceurs along the east coast, another inhabits the northwest coast, and a third is found in the Balsas Basin of Mexico. The eastern population, D. n. mexicanus, is known from seattered localities primarily in the coastal states east of the Sierra Madre Ori- ental. There are records from Yucatan, Veracruz, eastern Oaxaca, Tamaulipas, and Coahuila. The range of D. n. mexicanus extends north- ward into Texas and other Gulf Coast States (see Fitch, Goodrum, and Newman, 1952. The armadillo in the southeastern United States. Jour. Mamm., vol. 33:21-37), and southward into British Honduras, Hon- duras, and Guatemala. Peters, in the original description of D. n. mext- canus, failed to designate the type locality, and subsequently it has been established as Matamoras, Tamaulinas, Mexico (Hollister, 1925. The systematic name of the Texas armadillo. Jour. Mamm., vol. 6:60). I agree with Hollister in regarding D. n. texanus Bailey (type locality near Brownsville, Texas, directly across the Rio Grande from Metamoras) as a synonym of D. n. mexicanus. Sneecimens of D. n. texanus are not significantly different from examples of D. n. mexicanus ; however, there is a gradual cline in the size of the skull from south to north. Speci- mens from Veracruz and Yucatan have smaller skulls than do Texas specimens, which are the largest North American armadillos. Armadillos from northwest Mexico, now referred to D. n. mexicanus, are known to occur in the states of Sinaloa, Jalisco, Guanajuato, Michoacin, and the Distrito Federal. This population is separated geo- graphically from other populations of D. n. mexicanus by wide areas from which no specimens are reported. There are no records from either the arid Central Plateau or from southwestern Mexico (Guerrero, western Oaxaca, and Chiapas). Although the armadillo is often depicted as a desert-dwelling animal, it probably is restricted in distribution by notably xeric conditions. For example, it is abundant in the more humid southern Sinaloa, and seems to be absent in arid northern Sinaloa and Sonora where a desert environment prevails. Other evidence is offered by the northward dis- persal of the armadillo into the relatively humid parts of eastern Texas (and the Southern United States), and not into the more arid parts of western Texas, except along streams where a more mesic environment is available (Strecker, 1926. The extension of range of the nine-banded 24 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington armadillo. Jour. Mamm., vol. 7:206-210). According to Taber (Con- tribution on the life history and ecology of the nine-banded armadillo. Jour. Mamm., vol. 26:211-226, 1945) high temperatures have little effect upon armadillos, but they do have an indirect effect by drying the soil, thus rendering probing difficult, and by limiting the principal food supply of soil-inhabiting insects. The scarcity of the latter may be the limiting factor in arid regions. In view of the preceding evidence, it seems unlikely that the armadillo occurs in the Central Plateau of Mexico. This region is extremely arid and there are few permanent streams that are lined with mesic vegeta- tion that would serve as avenues of dispersal. There seems to be little reason, on the other hand, why armadillos should not oceur along the southwest coast of Mexico. None of the adverse conditions of a strictly desert environment is to be found in this region. The third distinct population of the nine-banded armadillo in Mexico is D. n. davisi. It is now known from only a few localities in Morelos, but it probably occurs over most of the Balsas Basin. Intergradation between this subspecies and D. n. mexicanus oceurs in the Sierra de Ajusco. It seems unlikely that D. n. fenestratus is found as far north as Mexico. I have examined the specimen (no. 89335, UMMZ) from Teo- titlan, Oaxaca, which was reported as D. n. fenestratus by Hooper (Notes on Mexican mammals. Jour. Mamm., vol. 28:40-57, 1947). Although it agrees with D. n. fenestratus in the position of the squamo- sal-jugal suture of the zygoma, other cranial features are matched by specimens of D. n. mexicanus from Veracruz and Yucatan. In referring this specimen to D. n. mexicanus, the range of D. n. fenestratus is hereby restricted to Central America only as far north as Nicaragua. Dasypus novemcinctus probably had its primary differentiation and dispersal in either Central America or South America. As the armadillo extended its range northward into Mexico, it was confronted by the arid Central Plateau. Thus, D. n. mexicanus was split, the western population advancing northward until it reached the deserts of Sonora and the eastern population spreading northward into Texas. Dasypus n. davisi was derived from the west coast population of D. n. mexicanus, with which it has close affinities, in the isolated Balsas Basin that lies between the east and west coast populations of D. n. mexicanus and south of the Central Plateau. The affinity of the west coast population of armadillos is clearly with D. n. mexicanus and not, as Hollister (loc. cit.) thought, with D. n. fenestratus. This is indicated by several cranial characteristics. The position of the suture between the squamosal and jugal.is well in front of the posterior process of the zygoma, instead of behind it; the zygoma is narrower and less massive; the premaxillary is smaller; and the ros- trum is relatively short and broad. Specimens from this west coast population differ also in several respects from examples of D. n. meai- canus from the east coast, especially from northeastern Mexico and Texas. The maxillary teeth are smaller and less robust; the parietal- frontal suture is posterior, rather than anterior, to the posterior process of the zygoma; the parietal-oecipital suture is less deeply concave, and never emarginate as in specimens of D. n. mexicanus from Texas; the Russell—A New Armadillo from Mexico 25 mandible is narrower, and the angular process forms a posterior pro- jection which is usually absent in typical D. n. mexicanus. It seems ad- visable at this time to regard the west coast population as D. n. meai- canus, although it is recognized that better material from there may warrant recognizing a third subspecies from Mexico. Dasypus n. davisi is most closely allied to west coast specimens of D. n. mexicanus, although much smaller in size. This is illustrated by the small maxillary teeth, the position and development of the sutures, the narrow mandible, and the posterior projection of the angular process. I would like to thank Drs. E. Raymond Hall and Rollin H. Baker of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, for the use of specimens under their care. Thanks are also due Dr. H. E. Anthony and Mr. George G. Goodwin of the American Museum of Natural His- tory and Drs. William H. Burt and Emmet T. Hooper of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, for the loan of additional specimens. All measurements herein are in millimeters. The following abbrevia- tions have been used: AMNH for the American Museum of Natural History. TCWC for the Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collection, Agricul- tural and Mechanical College of Texas; KU for the University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History; and UMMZ for the University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology. Specimens examined. A total of 49 as follows: D. n. davisi. Morelos: Huitzilae (type locality), 1 (TCWC); 5 km. N Tres Cumbres, 2 (TC WC); Tlacotepec, 1 (TCWC). D. n. fenestratus. Costa Rica: 3 km. SE Turrialba, Prov. Cartago, 1 (KU); Palmax (Pacific), 1 (AMNH); Cataratos, San Carlos, 1 (AMNH). D. n. mexicanus. Yucatan: no spe- cific locality, 2 (KU). Veracruz: 20 km ENE Jesus Carranza, 1 (KU); 20 km. E Jesus Carranza, 1 (KU); 35 km. SE Jesus Carranza, 1 (KU); 30 km. SSE Jesus Carranza, 1 (KU); 15 km. SW Jesus Car- ranza, 1 (KU). Oaxaca: Teotitlan, 1 (UMMZ). Tamaulipas: 4 km. WSW La Purisima, 1 (KU); 7 km. SW La Purisima, 1 (KU). Texas: Rock Island, 4 (KU); 6 mi. S Brady, MeCullock Co., 1 (KU); 35 mi. E Rocksprings, Real Co., 1 (TCWC); 3 mi. NNW Mason, Mason Co., 1 (KU); 4 mi. W Kyle, Hays Co., 1 (TCWC); 4 mi. N Groesbeck, Limestone Co., 1 (TCWC); 3 mi. S Kosse, Falls Co., 1 (KU); 10 mi. 8 Bryan, Brazos Co., 1 (TCWC); 10 mi. SE College Station, Brazos Co., 1 (TCWC); 17 mi. SW Huntsville, Walker Co., 1 (TCWC); 17 mi. WNW Huntsville. Walker Co., 1 (TCWC); 8 mi. NE Port Lavaca, Calhoon Co., 1 (KU). Sinaloa: Escuinapa, 5 (AMNH). Nayarit: South side Puerto de la Lima, 1 (KU). Jalisco: Medica, 1 (AMNH); % mi. S Purificaci6n, 1 (KU); 5 km. S Purificacién, 3 (KU); 8 mi. S Purificacién, 1 (KU); Los Canos, 1 (AMNH). Michoacan: 18 mi. 8 and 1 mi. W Apatzingin, 1 (KU); 2 mi. S La Mira, 1 (KU). Distrito Federal: Zacayuca, 2 mi. N Tlalpan, 2 (KU). Contribution of the Wildlife Management Department, Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas. Transmitted May 80, 1952. — " ad E | i | awe" E ‘oll i : P | | ; - ? z a C’ 7 y ' 5 Vol. 66, pp. 27-30 VO, RECEIVED ¢%’ march 30, 1953 BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW HORNED LIZARD, GENUS PHRYNOSOMA, FROM MEXICO By WILLIAM B. DAvIs During the summers of 1949 and 1950, parties from the Department of Wildlife Management, Texas A. and M. Col- lege, collected several specimens of a melanistic horned lizard in the high pass between Mexico City and Cuernavaca. Study of this sample reveals that the high mountain population is not only distinct from the one occupying the Valley of Mexico and adjacent tablelands but also an hitherto unrecognized _geographic race for which I propose the name io | ’ \ Phrynosoma orbiculare alticola, subsp. nov. Holotype: Adult male, Texas Cooperative Wildlife Coll. No. 6592, 4 km. N. Tres Cumbres, 10,200 ft., Morelos, August 8, 1950. Collected by J. L. Robertson, original no. 540. Paratypes: Four males, three females, nos. 6591, 6593-98, Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collection, 4-5 km. N. Tres Cumbres, 10,200 ft., Morelos, August, 1950: one male, EHT 23989, Lerma, Mexico; one yg. female, EHT 23981, 11 mi. S Mexico City, D.F.; EHT-HMS 4591, near K57, between Mexico City and Cuernavaca. Diagnosis: Similar to P. o. orbiculare Wiegmann, but much darker, more melanistic above and below; lateral fringe of 19 (17-24) spines; femoral pores, 17 (15-19); sides of head distinetly barred; top of head mottled with black on olive background; tail with 5 to 9 distinct, white, complete annulations which are broader below than above; underparts with broad black, band-like reticulations (narrower and more broken in young) on whitish background. Description of holotype: Head slightly broader than long; nostril pierced somewhat within the line of the canthus rostralis; upper labials 7-8, the posterior ones faintly keeled; lower labials 11-11, the posterior ones keeled, the last long and pointed; infralabials about the same size as the lower labials, in contact with the latter in the mental region, separated by 2-3 scale rows in the posterior region; gular scales smooth, ‘ becoming slightly enlarged posteriorly near the gular fold, but not so large as the smooth abdominals; head scales rugose; on each side a short superciliary spine, a single occipital, and one small and two large temporals; the occipital spines project back of a line connnecting the tips of the longest temporals and are actually about 1.2 mm. longer than the longest temporal; cephalic spines nearly flat and in about the same plane, the general direction of the occipital spines outward from the median line; dorsal scales of humerus keeled, mucronate, and some- what larger than ventral abdominals; scales of posterior aspect of lower 5—Proc. Brow. Soc. WASH., Vou. 66, 1953 (27) 28 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington forearm keeled and mucronate, those of anterior aspect and of digits smooth or weakly keeled; scales on ventral surfaces of hind limbs smooth, nearly or quite as large as ventral abdominals, and continued onto the anterior aspect of femora and tibiae, where some are keeled; dorsal scales of foot keeled; dorsal surfaces of back, tail, femora and tibiae covered with granular seales and scattered larger, keeled, and pointed scales, the latter not present in the mid-dorsal line except near occiput, arranged in rows on the tail; these enlarged tubercles somewhat larger on femora, tibiae and tail than on body; a single series of en- larged laterals from axilla to groin; femoral pores, 15-19, separated by three scales in front of anus. A strong gular fold, the scales of which are granular and of about the same size as the smaller dorsals; gular fold terminating laterally in a deep pouch anterior to forelimbs, granular scales lining the same; one small and one large fold of skin anterior to nuchal pouch, the larger bearing four enlarged, pointed scales; tympanum bare; a small fold above insertion of forelegs, with two to three enlarged scales. General color rather dark; a dark spot on either side posterior to occiput, separated medially by a conspicuous brown area, and bordered posteriorly by a narrow light band; a series of five such light bands on each side of body; each light crossbar extends from lateral spines to near median line, and is bordered anteriorly by a dark area which becomes somewhat lighter posterior to the next light crossbar; dorsal surfaces of limbs about the same color as back, the forelimbs banded; dorsal surface of head dark brown mottled with black; ventral surfaces whitish, coarsely reticulated with black on lower surfaces of limbs, tail and abdomen, somewhat more finely in gular region. Total length, 121 mm.; snout-vent length, 65 mm.; snout to ear, 14.6 mm.; width of head at angle of jaws, 17.6 mm.; greatest width between superciliary ridges, 11.4 mm.; median length of occipital horn, 5.2 mm.; median length of posterior temporal, 3.8 mm.; spines on lateral fringes 20-21. Comparison: As compared with P. o. orbiculare from the semidesert areas in the states of Mexico, Hidalgo, Tlaxcala, Puebla and Vera Cruz, alticola differs as follows: general coloration much darker and more melanistic dorsally; ventral markings of broad reticulations, not spotted except in juveniles; underside of limbs heavily marked with black, rather than nearly immaculate; side of face with three or four prominent alter- nating dark and light, nearly vertical bars; top of head brownish with blackish spots or reticulations rather than uniform brownish or olive gray; white bars on back narrow and extending from mid-dorsal light stripe laterally nearly to the fringe (they tend to be broader and shorter in orbiculare) ; lateral fringe of 19 (17-24) spines, rather than 26 (23- 31); femoral pores 17 (15-19), rather than 14 (12-17). In addition, the habitat is entirely different; orbiculare occurs in dry semidesert situa- tions with sparse vegetation, alticola in the moist meadows of the pine- fir forest in tall, dense bunch grass. Remarks: The naming of this high mountain population as a new sub- species, rather than applying the name P. o. orbiculare to it as was done by Smith (1934), is based upon a eareful analysis of Wiegmann’s (1834) description and plate of P. obiculare. In Wiegmann’s specimens Davis—A New Horned Inzard from Mexico 29 the head was described as olive gray and unicolor; the trunk ‘‘rufo nonnihil in fundo pallide ochraceo-cinerascenti variegatus’’; the femoral pores varied from 12 to 17; and in the illustrated specimen the number of discernible spines in the lateral fringe is 27. All of these characters differ from those found in the population here called alticola and agree with specimens from the semidesert area in the vicinity of Mexico City. It seems quite certain, therefore, that Wiegmann’s name applies to the tableland population. The validity of Bocourt’s (1847) P. o. cortezii which was based on specimens from Hacienda del Jasmin, between Cordoba and Orizaba, Veracruz, has been questioned by Smith and Laufe (1945) who place it as a synonym of orbiculare. One ordinarily associates Phrynosoma with desert conditions, but our specimens of alticola were taken in a tall grass meadow in the pine-fir forest at an elevation of approximately 10,000 ft. Two were caught in snap traps set in the runways of Neotomodon; three were captured in the tall grass and three were found in a little-used dirt road. Two males and two females, snout-vent length 63 to 74 mm., were in breeding condition when captured (August 8-20). Testes of the males were 8 to 10 mm. in length; ova in the females 9 mm. in diameter. One female contained 12 enlarged ova; the other, 13. Three young males, snout-vent 48-50 mm., had testes 5 mm. in length; one female, 39 mm. in snout-vent length had infantile ovaries. Grateful acknowledgment is due Dr. Edward H. Taylor, University of Kansas Museum of Natural History, and Dr. Hobart M. Smith, University of Illinois Museum of Natural History, for the loan of com- parative materials. Dr. Smith also gave material assistance during the course of the study. Literature Cited Bocourt, F. 1847. Etudes sur les Reptiles et les Batriciens. Mission Sci. Mex. Paris. 1012 pp. 77 pls. Smith, H. M. 1934. Notes on some lizards of the genus Phrynosoma from Mexico. Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci., 37:287-297, pls. XI-XII. Smith, H. M. and L. E. Laufe. 1945. Mexican amphibians and reptiles in the Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collections. Trans. Kans. Acad. Sei., 48(3) :326-354. Weignamm, A. F. A. 1834. Herptologia Mexicana, pars prima, Sauro- rum Species. C. G. Liideritz, Berlin. Pp. 1-54, 10 pls. Texas A. and M. College, Department of Wildlife Management, College Station, Texas. 30 Proceedings of the I "4 ~ J oy Sea he Hy ae OE iat ol ¥i Toa iis of a “Pp r : i re , ? ey ¥v. Minit hem ea aah es OT pa ae a ee rey’ prety Pathe s ae tee 4) Wir ‘ he Re al tok | & Sas a! 2 ae aes ‘ Nacsa 4 NE aa tele 1 ‘) AES s) PMP EET AIS i rd wn i f 4 € ¢. : e - 4 j f ‘ j sf t + ; ‘3 > Oh ‘ i . ve BR a Sy - a i ' ’ : 153 « : Pet og let ' s ey A Cute 7Y ah. ; "oA hs Peat fare ; vy ant , | 4 ; ‘ were A es 6 : a y 4} Hd F j 7 a aa at “~ % ite yay Ste Py ee ha tiy i i ‘2 ’ A * VR) ative APA ait oy Ro : ‘ " i *% Ol pingee at Y Ween ath Ls ai es a Se ARS | tae 4) 2% : ney, pare Na | 3 Mt 3 Pa es hs “ee x %, eet any MFR ela ti a ee Nie Se "" “Vat ae woven, + a Sean ars er OM koh EU aS 1 EE SDL Cee a ee OAD > oa OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON March 30, 1953 NOTES ON THE SKELETON SHRIMPS (CRUSTACEA: CAPRELLIDAE) OF CALIFORNIA ELLSWORTH C. DOUGHERTY AND JOAN E. STEINBERG Department of Zoology, University of California, Berkeley There are relatively few published records of those bizarre amphipods—the skeleton shrimps, or caprellids—from Cali- fornia. Stimpson (1857) described Caprella californica! from San Francisco Bay, and Boeck (1872), Caprella verrucosa presumably from near San Francisco. Stebbing’s monumental monograph on the Amphipoda (1888) contains abstracts of almost all works on the Caprellidae up to that date. The three great monographs on the Caprellidae by Paul Mayer (1882, 1890, 1903) review most literature on the family dur- ing the nineteenth century. In the second (1890) and pri- marily in the third (1903) Mayer newly described several species and what he called ‘‘varieties’’ from the California coast and recorded several more previously described. Since 1903 there have been only three papers specifically on Cali- fornia caprellids—two by La Follette (1914, 1915) and one by Shaw (1916). Johnson and Snook (1927) and Ricketts and Calvin (1952) in their respective texts on Pacific Coast invertebrates include brief sections on caprellids. Light (1941) in his syllabus on marine invertebrates has listed those of the Moss Beach and San Francisco Bay areas. No one except a Mayer has, however, recognized the diversity of the skeleton shrimp fauna in California, and because of certain idiosyn- erasies in his classification he himself did not express their division into species in a manner compatible with generally held modern views on speciation. . We have collected skeleton shrimps rather intensively in three regions along the Pacific coast of California—the Dillon Beach area (38° 15’ N, 122° 57’ W) which is north of San Francisco Bay, and the Moss Beach (37° 30’ N, 122° 30’ W) and Pacific Grove- Monterey Bay areas (36° 30’-39’ N, 121° 54’-57’ W) which are south thereof. These collections were made in 1941-42 by the senior author and in 1952 by the junior author. In addition we have had available to us collections from these three areas made by other investigators—including specimens from the U. S. National Museum, loaned to the senior author by Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt. 7—PrRooc. Biot. Soo. WASH., Vou. 66, 1953 (39) 40 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Although we have specimens from several localities in California in addition to the three mentioned, we have not collected in those areas ourselves and are largely confining ourselves here to a consideration of the material from coastal waters in the vicinity of Dillon Beach, Moss Beach, and Pacific Grove. However, we have found in these areas, taken collectively, all but one of the named species previously reported for California. Separately we are publishing a key (Dougherty and Steinberg, in press) to all species of the family Caprellidae recorded from California by previous workers and by us and accepted by us as valid. It is the purpose of this brief paper to record 17 species found in the regions indicated and to give taxonomic notes on the California fauna, revising the nomenclature and including descriptions of two hitherto unnamed species and erection of one new genus (for the one named California species not available to us and hitherto known as Paedaridium breve La Follette, 1915). The two new species and one new genus are described herewith: Caprella pilipalma sp. nov. Diagnosis.—Caprella: cephalon bearing small, erect spine as well as some very small tubercles posterior to it. Dorsal and lateral regions of body bearing low tubercles, especially on posterior segments; ventral surface, particularly of the more anterior segments, also bearing a few low tubercles—especially in the male. 2nd, 8rd, and 4th peraeods ap- proximately of equal length; 5th peraeod % length of 2nd; 6th and 7th combined 34 length of 2nd. Pleura on peraeods 3 and 4 only slightly developed. Gills elliptical and somewhat elongate. First antenna roughly 4% length of body; flagellum slightly shorter than peduncle and composed of 8-9 segments. 2nd antenna % length of Ist and bearing natatory hairs on inner surface. First gnathopod small, propodus a right triangle in outline; palm minutely denticulate and bearing a pair of grasping spines at base; dactyl slightly curved and minutely denticulate on its inner surface. 2nd gnathopod about equal in length to 3rd and 4th peraeods, attached posteriorly to middle of 2nd peraeod in male, but at anterior end of this segment in female—in younger males attached to middle of seg- ment; 1st segment (coxa) of gnathopod slightly longer than 2nd and 3rd combined, bearing a pair of anterior ridges, the outer prolonged into a prominent spine; 2nd segment (basis) also bearing a distal spine anterolaterally; basal segments and propodus all bearing numerous small hairs; propodus comprising about %4 entire appendage; palm slightly concave in outline and bearing neither poison tooth nor grasp- ing spines, thickly set with long, colorless hairs; a tooth-like projection at distal end of palm, dactyl resting on this when closed; dactyl slightly curved—in females and young males smooth on its inner surface, in old males crooked and bearing a number of irregular denticulations on inner surface. Three peraeopods progressively shorter from peraeod 5-7, set with a few short spine-like hairs as well as with low tubercles; palm of each bearing a pair of grasping spines proximally; rest of palmar surface set with two rows of spine-like hairs, one on either side of a row of small denticulations. Dougherty and Steinberg—Skeleton Shrimps 41 A large male measures 11 mm. in length; a large female, 9 mm. Type specimen.—Adult male, U.S.N.M. Cat. No. 94086. ty Mot te # é i ry a. 2 oA td i's VN NGO? He Titi vy a 1a 4 ial . * : eee ee aMiinge? Susu. teh» | 4, eae reese fa) eee Ae. aan ee? 4 i503 a) ai s iy’ “ite Ph @ 4 af in @ rarey i Fe H. Re a Hy aie al is . es Va 7” aa HEY i ve ~ or Kis Nara crt a t Vol. 66, pp. 67-72 PROCEEDINGS VA 7" une can OF THE Ssh L ¢ 1953 BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON _ NEC EIVE D < SIX NEW AMERICAN MILLIPEDS, WITH NOTES ON suvendty OF suey CAVE-DWELLING SPECIES === a By RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN The cavernicolous millipeds noted in this paper are repre- sented by material from California caves submitted to me for identification by Edward Danehy, a member of the American Speleological Society, this material now being in the author’s collection at the University of Utah. The types of the four new forms from Hondurus will be deposited in the Chicago Museum of Natural History. EURYDESMIDAE Tuolumnia danehyi Chamberlin Fig. 1 Localities: California: Tuolumne Co., Crystal Palace Cave, Dec. 17, 1951, a female taken in twilight zone by Hal Treacy; Windeler Cavern in same county, one taken June 30, 1951, in total darkness by Robert Bemiss. Calaveras Co.: Grapevine Gulch Caves, four specimens taken April 17, 1951, in twilight zone by Edward Danehy and Ellsworth Jacobus, who report that many others were seen both inside and outside the cave; Cave City Cave in same county, one male taken Mar. 24, 1951, by Edward Danehy in twilight zone ‘‘40 ft. inside cavern on damp dirt floor.’’ EURYURIDAE Fig. 2 YL PK Amplinus constrictus new species Y Dorsum chocolate colored to black, with the keels yellow; collum yellow across anterior border, a median yellow mark behind this; a less distinct median light mark also on one or two succeeding tergites; all but anterior border of anal tergite yellow; legs and antennae brown to chestnut. Collum narrowed as usual on each side; anterior margin of keels nearly straight, the posterior margin weakly incurved; anterior margin at middle only slightly convex, the caudal slightly incurved. Keels of second and third segments a little bent forward; anterior corner convex on cephalic side, straight on the outer; posterior. corner subrectangular; outer margin smooth, evenly and’ gently convex. Be- ginning with the keels of the fourth and fifth segments, the posterior corner becomes acute and a little produced, the processes remaining small back to the posterior segments where they are more broadly and 11—PrRoo, Biot. Soo. WAsH., Vou. 66, 1953 (67) 68 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington more extensively produced, the apices of none incurved. Dorsal polygon- al areas sharply marked and elevated, mostly elongate; arranged in three series except on metatergites 17-19 on which they are in four series. Anal seale with caudal margin ineurved at middle, a little convex on each side, the setae not on distinct tubercles. Gonopods of male as shown in Fig. 2. Width of male, 8 mm.; of female, 10 mm. Locality: Honduras, camp west of San Pedro Sula. One male and two females taken at an elevation of 4,500 ft. on Apr. 1, 1923 by Sehmidt and Walters. Amplinus mimus new species Characteristically colored in having the prozonites dark brown and the metazonites a much lighter brown; keels clear yellow. Legs and antennae brownish yellow. Collum with anterior margin strongly convex between the keels, the caudal margin gently incurved; keels rather narrow, laterally acute, with caudal margin oblique and a little incurved, the anterior convex. Second and third keels bent moderately forward; lateral margin near middle weakly obtusely angled; anterior corner nearly rectangular; pos- terior cormer of the second also nearly rectangular, that of the third a little acutely produced. On subsequent keels the anterior corner becomes convexly rounded, the posterior presenting a rather short acute process which is slightly inecurved at tip. Dorsal polygonal areas distinct, in three series on all segments. Anal tergite with caudal margin widely convex, flattened at middle, with a crenature on each side. Anal scale with cauda! margin straight, the setiferous tubercles low. Width, 4.5 mm. Locality: Honduras, camp west of San Pedero Sula. One female taken April 1, 1923, by Schmidt and Walters. Readily distinguishable from the preceding species, taken in the same locality, in its much smaller size and the details of the tergites. STRIARIIDAE Striaria eldora Chamberlin Localities: California: Eldorado Co., Crystal Cosumnes Cave, one female taken Feb. 2, 1952, in total darkness, by Arthur Lange and Gil Lang; Calaveras Co., Grapevine Gulch Cave, one taken Apr. 17, 1951, by Ells- worth Jacobus. PAEROMOPIDAE Paeromopus cavicolens new species Figs. 3, 4 Color black throughout, without lighter annuli except on anterior segments on which the metazonites are lighter, somewhat chestnut; collum lighter over anterior and posterior borders; head light chestnut in front, dark above. Legs and antennae black. Eye patch transversely narrowly oblong; ocelli typically in four series, e.g., 8,8,5,2. Setae over head short and very sparse. i ii a Chamberliin—Sia New American Millipeds 69 Collum with anterior border margined on each side as usual; caudal border crossed by the usual series of deep longitudinal sulci. Suture of ordinary segments deeply impressed throughout, bending a little forward at level of pore and then running straight across dorsum. Pore contiguous with sulcus on anterior segments but well separated on the most posterior ones, on penult segment lying back of middle of the metatergite. Metazonites crossed throughout with the usual sharply impressed longitudinal sulci which reach to the segmental sulcus and run a little obliquely mesad of cephalad; prozonites below with a series of striae which curve upward anteriorly, these striae absent across dorsum. Anal tergite not striate; exceeded by the valves. Gonopods of male as shown in figs. 3 and 4. Number of segments 68 to 74. Diameter of male holotype, 6 mm. Localities: California: Tuolumne Co., Windeler Cavern, June 30, 1951, one taken in total darkness by Douglas Price; Calaveras Co., Mar. 24, 1951, two females taken in Cave City Cave in total darkness on damp earth by Arthur Lange, and on Mar. 25, 1951, two specimens were taken in the Cave of the Skulls in total darkness by Arthur Lange and George Mowat. SPIROBOLIDAE Oxobolus mundus new species Metazonites a beautiful dark shining olive, the prozonites darker than prozonites. Legs ferruginous. Distinguished readily from the following species in the almost wholly smooth, shining metazonites and especially in the character of the seg- mental sulcus, which is distinct though lightly impressed below and is absent or very faint above across dorsum. The suleus only slightly angled at level of pore which is subcontiguous with it. Longitudinal striae beneath on the metazonites and an opposite series on prozonites, those on prozonite beginning at sulcus and then curving obliquely upward to meet a deeper encircling stria or secondary suleus in front of which are the usual transverse or encircling striae. Anal tergite obtusely angled behind, without the conspicuous trans- verse furrow present in santanus. Diameter, 11 mm. Locality: Honduras: San Pedro Sula. One male. Oxobolus santanus new species Of uniform chocolate color, without lighter annuli or the band in front of segmental sulcus olivaceous on anterior segments. Legs light ferruginous, or some with proximal articles brown or chocolate colored. Antennae chocolate colored. Ocelli flat, series from above ventrad typically, 6,6,5,4,2; eyes three or more times their long diameter apart. Median sulcus deep across vertex of head and down front, with the usual interruption at level of bases of antennae. Anterior margin of collum slightly convex over middle portion, con- vexly rounded forward on each side at level of eye and then running 10 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington obliquely and almost straight to the lower end which is slightly acute in general outline but with apex narrowly rounded; margined along anterior border from level of eye downward, otherwise without definite sulei; surface appearing smooth and shining but under magnification showing irregular coriarious markings. On the typical segments the sulcus is deeply impressed throughout its length, narrowly excurved opposite the pore which is nearly its diameter from the sulcus. Covered portion of prozonites with the usual circum- ferential striae; metazonites with a series of longitudinal striae below, but the series reaching less than halfway to the pore. Metazonites under the lens appearing punctae with a series of short impressed lines adja- cent to suleus and another one over caudal border. Anal tergite with a transverse furrow in front of caudal end; a me- dian subtriangular projection which is apically rounded and is ex- ceeded by the values. Anal valves strongly compressed and protruding along medal border. Anal scale strongly transverse, the caudal margin nearly straight at sides and very slightly convexly proiiaaes at middle. Number of segments, 44. Diameter, 10 mm. Locality: Honduras, head of Rio Santa Ana in San Pedro Sula at El. 4,500 ft. One female taken Mar. 21, 1923 by K. Schmidt and L. Walters. ANDROGNATHIDAE Brachycybe tuolumna new species Distinguished most readily from B. rosea (Murray) in the form of the coilum, the keels not being rather abruptly bent forward as in the latter species and having two transverse series of tubercles instead of three. The collum is much as in B. producta Loomis, a species occurring in Lower California, but tuolumna is a smaller form and not so slender as in that species, with fewer body segments—54 as against 70—this number being also less than is normal for rosea. Length, 22 mm.; width, 3 mm. The posterior margin of the middle segments interrupted as in producta. Locality: California: Tuolumne Co., Windeler Cavern. One female taken 50 ft. inside the cave in total darkness, June 30, 1951, by Edward Danehy. Explanation of Figures Tuolumnia danehyi Chamb. Left gonopod of male, subeaudal aspect. Amplinus constrictus n.sp. Gonopod of male, ectoventral aspect. Paermopus cavicolens n.sp. Anterior gonopod of male. Paeromopus cavicolens n.sp. Posterior gonopod of male. ah ee oe Chamberlin—Siz New American Millipeds 71 4 ‘ y Z Bane y ; aan Z Yk } j / | See ee YN Ly, a\) | / Plate III 72 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington ae a * i € © >» ~ PF a Be Sere ee ’ wee — a on io : hd ; ; : 4°) i b= oe | ® dhs “aun te ¥ > 4 _ jos Jee a el ee. 18 , a tooth fi ty ek oe al on E *. > 1 : = i SMe ace ee Poe hia Ae SS ae iad Sa : 7 . 4 Ls ’ 5 ( b yt t 4 wd : an et ~ eer ) a es sale an tee te 4 : A aes mar Teh, Wiki "s ri rir ie ‘a ws ieee ro ik ee r a 5728, ; 43 a Ag be mei terre. 3% a a ee rs \ iS aie, nt? Tre ; is + i+ ne ee SD EE etn i ; a 4 yr ~ a ie a SP fel 42 a ABE Ay i] » nad ¢@ 5 re ie Lee tag ays YR lV) ~ 45°F or Dee SEN ee - 5 * 4 a4 ‘ ’ iy 4 7 Pre Fatoge 2. Sen 2 hy ae ai 1 ae AY 2 See Sie tly OMAR ON Aer, ape rieal ise eee ee ] ~ *; ? Veet ai all 4) a OS *) ye Lee gras iy : - ch POS Re ley ier is (Pb Ces | ve ze! Sb paint 0 igi y pay ie at? 2 See > me tu FO a Ps Ce Tax TSS. 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SO MAP eth ey et Reena heh Oe oe 4b aon ie lates Sart e aaa sens ae Ser atch ie yar y Qa Pi eae , RRS erases ee Se Voge Se ad: fee Sau iil Mick eet be Ait pees oa ae fe peter x -_ f CO ctisaany YS i nig L ¢ 1953 } Vol. 66, pp. 73-74 | cy { August 12, 1953 } atl’. , < Motes OC a BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NOTES ON MICROVELIA FLAVIPES (HEMIPTERA: VELIIDAE) By C. J. DRAKE AND F. C. Horres The type, a macropterous female, Orizaba, Mexico (Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Caes.) has kindly been loaned to the writers by Dr. Max Beier of Vienna. This specimen bears the identifica- tion label ‘‘B. C, A.. Rhyn, II, Microvelia flavipes Ch.’’ in Champion’s handwriting. Another label on the pin ‘‘type fig- ured’’ shows that this is the specimen figured in the Biologia. The color of the type is somewhat faded, which indicates that it was left a little too long in alcohol or another preservative before it was mounted on a small rectangular card. The right antennae is represented by segments one and two and the others are missing; the left antennae is entirely wanting. Otherwise, the specimen is in a fairly good state of preservation. Type (macropterous female): Pronotum with the median ridge fairly distinct, deeply pitted, moderately convex between humeral angles, the width across humeral angles greater than median length (105:85). Width across eyes, 0.72 mm. Antennal formula—I, 30; II, 29; III and IV missing. Legs moderately slender, the femora very little thickened, without spines; hind femora 1.20 mm. long, the tibiae 1.35 mm. long. Pubescence on dorsal surface partly rubbed off and badly faded, thus not darkened on median pronotal ridge as in normal specimens. Other characters as figured and described by Champion. The type has been returned to the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna. M. flavipes belongs to the americana group of the genus Microvelia. The identification of a species of this group from a single female, faded and with the last two antennal segments broken off, is quite difficult. Polymorphism and especially sexual dimorphism is very pronounced in most species of the group. And as a rule, the males possess better char- acters than females for the separation of species. In such species as M. irrasa D. and H., M. pexa D. and H. and M. califoriensis McK., the legs are hairy in the males and only pubescent in the females. The an- tennal formula of male and female is also different. Wingless males are subfusiform and females ovate or obovate. After much study and many comparisons of the type with winged females from the vicinity of Orizaba, it was finally decided that a com- mon and widely dispersed species of the americana group was identical with the female type of flavipes. In order to facilitate future work, the apterous forms are described. The measurements are such that 80 units equals one millimeter. Apterous specimens have been deposited in the Museum at Vienna and the U. S. National Museum. Apterous form: Subfusiform (male) or obovate (female), blackish with brownish or fuscous markings. Male larger than female, with transverse rufoflavous band of pronotum divided on median line; con- 12—Proo. Biou. Soo. WASH., Vou. 66, 1953 (73) 74 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington nexiva without color markings. Female more brownish black with a similar band on pronotum; mesonotum and usually metanotum with a rounded spot on each side of median line, most of the median part of dorsal surface of pronotum, a large spot above in each segment of connexiva and entire underside of connexiva brownish or reddish brown. Body beneath more or less brownish with bluish tinge. Antennae dark fuscous with ventral side of first three segments and upper surface of second and third much paler; formula—(male) I, 43; II, 40; III, 43; IV, 45 and (female) I, 30; II, 29; III, 33; IV, 34. Body of male beneath clothed with short pale hairs, the female with pale pubescence. Legs usually darker in male than female, clothed with pale pubescence and short hairs; most of fore femora and other femora beneath testaceous to flavous; middle femora not quite as thick as fore and hind femora; hind femora on ventral surface beyond the middle armed with short inconspicuous teeth (teeth sometimes absent). Female with legs not as dark as in male, brownish fuscous above and flavous beneath, pubescent; femora beneath with some short pale hairs, not as stout as in male, unarmed. Body of male beneath clothed with short hairs, the female with pubescence. First genital segment of male be- neath rounded at apex, with a thick, solid, crescent-shaped brush of hairs just in front of the apex as in M. gerhardi. Length of apterous forms: (male), 3.75 mm. and (female), 2.80 mm.; width (male), 1.20 mm. and (female), 1.10 mm. Apterous and macropterous specimens are at hand from Alvarado, July 28, 1951; Puebla, July 30, 1950; Patzcuaro, July 17, 1951 and Chapala, July 15, 1951, all from Mexico and taken by the authors. As in other species of the group, flavipes inhabits streams, living close to the shore in slowly running water. In general aspect M. flavipes is about the same size and appearance as M. gerhardi Hussey and M. beameri McKinstry. The male of gerhardi has the fore femora widely banded with deep shining black and flattened on one side; the hind femora are armed with much longer spines, and the body beneath, and legs are not as hairy as in flavipes. In M. beameri the hind margin of the first genital segment (beneath) is distinctly ex- cavated and the hairy brush is divided at the middle. It should be noted that the color of typical examples of M. flavipes is generally much darker and the legs above darker than described by Champion. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Rhynch., 2: 127, pl. 8, fig. 12. 1898. Allotype, apterous male, Alvarado, Mexico, July 28, 1951, Drake and Hottes, in the Drake collection. \c . OF V Yt 6 oat ae ON hag fi LIGRARY ae,’ i aug 2 4 1958 } F YA) 5 Vol. 66, pp. 75-84 CEN oct OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SCOLODESMUS AND RELATED AFRICAN MILLIPED GENERA (POLYDESMIDA: STRONGYLOSOMIDAE) By RicHarpD L. HOFFMAN Biology Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg One of the most prominent of the early students of African diplopods was the late O. F. Cook, a naturalist of varied in- terests whose published papers reflect a remarkable sense of taxonomic acumen. Unfortunately, however, many of Cook’s milliped contributions show a wide range in the scale of use- fulness. Some are examples of systematic excellence; others have become the utter despair of his successors! Dr. Cook evidently planned to follow the brief preliminary diagnostic papers with complete descriptions and illustrations, but, re- erettably, the expectation was never fulfilled, with the result that most of his African and Indonesian genera and species have never been recognized by later workers. From time to time Cook’s type specimens are found in the collection of the U. S. National Museum, where they were deposited by him inter- mingled at random with hundreds of vials of unworked material. I have already redesecribed and illustrated several of these shadowy species, and devote this paper to still another. It has been necessary to review generally the known African Strongylosomoid genera, and in consequence I find that a considerable number of new combinations and changes must be effected. I wish to acknowledge my debt to Dr. E. A. Chapin for the loan of specimens, and to Dr. I. D. Wilson for providing facilities for study. Genus Scolodesmus Cook Scolodesmus Cook, 1895, Proce. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 18, p. 97; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 20, p. 696 (type, S. grallator Cook). Duseviulisoma Brolemann, 1920; in: Alluaud & Jeannel, Voy. Afr. Or., Myr., p. 165.—Attems, 1931, Zoologica (Stuttgart), vol. 30 (34), p. 129 (type, Strongylosoma iuliforme Carl). Dyseviulisoma Attems, 1929, Rev. Bot. Zool. Afr., vol. 17, p. 275; 1937, Das Tierreich, lief. 68, p. 209. The name Scolodesmus was proposed very casually—in the body of a key to the African Strongylosomoid genera. The specific name grailator was also given (in a combined generic-specifie diagnosis) and becomes type of the genus by original designation. A later publication, cited above, provided additional data concerning the characters of Scolodes- mus. Altogether sufficient information was given to enable others to recognize the genus. I believe that if Attems and Brolemann had stud- ied Cook’s papers carefully, they would have realized that the species 13—Proc. Biot. Soo. WASH., Vou. 66, 1953 (75) 76 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington which they described in Dyseviulisoma were congeneric with Scolodes- mus. Both of them placed Porat’s species scutigerinus in Dyseviulisoma despite the fact that Cook had already assigned it to Scolodesmus. There is no justification for ignoring a genus merely because the male genitalia of its species are not illustrated. I have examined material of S. grallator from the Cook Collection, taken at Mount Coffee, Liberia. From one of the males drawings of the left gonopod and anterior segments have been made, and are here re- produced. It should be noted in connection with the gonopod that the tibiotarsus is represented by a rather broad subtriangular lamella, which in the drawing presents chiefly its narrow dimension toward the ob- server. The maximum development of the tibiotarsus is reached in S. nigerianus (Attems), in which species it is also turned so as to be mostly visible in mesial aspect. Some of the illustrations of Attems and Carl indicate that a free solenomerite carries the distal course of the seminal channel. In the material studied I was unable to verify this situation although microscope slides were made. Rather it ap- peared that the channel merely runs up the inner face of the tibiotarsus blade, although I do not wish to state conclusively that this is actually the case. It is of interest to note that the distalmost macroseta on the gonopod femur is noticeably larger than the others, a circumstance also shown in the illustrations of several other species. Previous writers have referred to the configuration of the second segment, but I do not believe this part of the animal has yet been fig- ured. The illustration here given will show the slight marginal thicken- ing and the fine ridge-like pleural carina. An interesting condition in Scolodesmus and related genera is the diminution of several of the post-cephalic segments which, taken with the absence of lateral keels, creates much the appearance of a large adult male paraiulid milliped! The opportunity of studying the genitalia of S. grallator enables me to speak with some confidence regarding other species which I know only from the literature. I feel, from the analogy of American groups studied, that Attems’ concept of generic limits, particularly in tropical forms, is somewhat too inclusive—with the result that totally unrelated species turn up in Das Tierreich under a common generic heading! Jeekel has already observed this state of things in connection with East Indian groups. I refer the following species to Scolodesmus in its restricted sense. Scolodesmus grallator Cook Proce. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 17: 95, 1895. Liberia: Monrovia; Mount Coffee. Scolodesmus securis Cook Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 48: 265, 1896. Gold Coast: Misahohe. Scolodesmus scutigerinus (Porat) Bihang K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl., 4(5): 37, 1894. Kamerun. Scolodesmus iuliforme (Carl) Mem. Soe. Espan., 1: 262, 1905. Spanish Guinea: Cabo St. Juan. Hoffman—Scolodesmus and Related African Milliped 77 Scolodesmus volzi (Carl) Rev. Suisse Zool., 21: 202, 1913. Sierra Leone: Yonni, Falaba. Scolodesmus ventriconus (Attems) Zoologica, 30 (34): 131, 1931. Gold Coast: Sekondi. Scolodesmus camerunense (Attems) Zoologica, 30 (34): 133, 1931. Kamerun: Muconge Farm, Mungo River, Bibundi. Scolodesmus nigerianus (Attems) Zoologica, 30 (34): 130, 1931. Nigeria: Wari on the Benin River, Niger Delta. Scolodesmus ehrhardti (Attems) Mitt. Naturh. Mus. Hamburg, 18: 86, 1901. Portugese Guinea: Bissao. These nine species are all very closely related, differing chiefly in size, color, and the shape of the tibiotarsus and femoral process of the gonopods. Insofar as I am able to ascertain, only negligible differences obtain in body structure. A geographic range of some 3000 miles extent is represented by the known localities, nearly from Cape Verde to the Congo. That only nine species are known from so great an area en- genders the suspicion that the roster of known Scolodesmi may well be vastly increased in future years, if the recent growth of the North American list may be taken as an indication. Genus Wubidesmus Chamberlin Wubidesmus Chamberlin, 1927, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 57: 219 (type, W. acarinatus Chamberlin). Dyseviulisoma (nee Brolemann) Attems, 1929, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 17: 288 (in part). Chamberlin’s report on diplopods collected in the Belgian Congo recognized two genera: Habrodesmus, of which seven new species were described, and Wubidesmus, proposed for three new species differing from Habrodesmus in lacking lateral carinae. Comparison of Chamber- lin’s figures with others published by Attems indicates that the three Wubidesmus forms actually have little in common except the terete bodyform. Of them, I am able to dispose of iwgans as really belonging to the genus Eviulisoma, in which group the gonopod presents several rather straight processes including the tibiotarsus, femoral process, and solenomerite. It is not possible to allocate W. congicolens, but the draw- ing of its gonopod indicates generie distinctness. Wubidesmus is thus reduced to a monotypic genus, the type of which is W. acarinatus, described from Stanleyville. The gonopod of this species can be made out as being rather shortened and bulky, with the femoral process much reduced, the tibiotarsus forming a sort of con- choid shield, within which is a discrete curved solenomerite. It would also appear from the drawing of the gonopod shown in lateral aspect that the spermal channel does not run up the lateral side as in all of the species of Scolodesmus. Under the name Dyseviulisoma anulatum Attems has described another Congo species which has absolutely no close affinity with any of the nine Scolodesmi enumerated above. On the other hand, the description and figures of anulatum agree very nicely 78 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington with those of ecarinatus, considering the shortcomings of the latter. I have no hesitancy in removing anulatum from Dyseviulisoma (=Scolo- desmus) and placing it in Wubidesmus. These two species may be cited as follows: Wubidesmus ecarinatus Chamberlin Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 57: 221, 1927. Belgian Congo: Stanleyville. Wubidesmus anulatus (Attems) Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 17: 288, 1929. Belgian Congo: Kasai, Ipamu, Ituri, Arebi, Bondo-Mabe. In addition to the gonopod characters, anulatus differs from the true Scolodesmus species in lacking sternal spines. Unfortunately, Chamber- lin does not mention the sternites of ecarinatus; perhaps it is possible to infer that spines would have been noted if present. These two forms both occur in the central Congo Basin, apparently a discreet zoogeo- graphie province or district. Attems laments the inadequacy of Chamberlinian descriptions and figures, saying ‘‘Solche Publicationen sind nicht sehr niitzlich.’’ While I agree with this sentiment, still I cannot feel that Attems devoted much time or effort to analysis of Chamberlin’s diagnoses. The general attitude of European myriapodologists is reflected in a list of polydes- moids known from the Congo, given by Attems in 1937 (Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 30: 22). More accurately this list should have been titled as a list of Congo polydesmoids described by Attems, as his name ap- pears with 66 of the 71 forms included. The species of Cook and Cham- berlin are not mentioned. Genus Eoseviulisoma Brolemann Eviulisoma subg. Hoseviulisoma Brolemann, 1920, in: Alluaud & Jeannel, Voy. Afr. Or., Myr., p. 163.—Attems, 1937, Das Tierreich, 68: 208. (type: Strongylosoma iulinum Att.) Eoseviulisoma was originally separated from the four species of Eviulisoma known to Brolemann by the peculiarities of its type species, iulinum Attems. This differs in lacking a process from the 5th sternite of the male, in having the groove of the 6th sternite very shallow, and in having the prefemur-femur of the gonopod longer than the rather short tibiotarsal element. At the end of the telepodite of the gonopod there is a large rounded lobe (regarded as representative of the tibia by Attems) along the distal margin of which the solenomerite is carried; in fact there appears to be a marginal groove into which the end of solenomerite lies. Attems says ‘‘Tibiotarsus gross, aus einem breiten Seitenlappen (Tibia) der am Ende eine Fuhrungsrinne fur den Rinnenast hat, und einem kleineren Tarsus bestehend, der ziemlich deutlich gegen die Tibia abgregrenzt ist.’’ Taking all of the characters of iulinum into consideration, I think it is generically distinct from Eviulisoma, and thereby elevate Brolemann’s subgenus name. It would appear that another species may be referred to this particu- lar genus. Under the name Dyseviulisoma abnorme, Attems has recently described an ecarinate strongylosomid from Central Africa that ap- parently is congeneric with iulinum. It is certainly not a Scolodesmus, and there is nothing in the published description to preclude allocation a . : ‘ | . ; 4 } | Hoffman—Scolodesmus and Related African Milliped 79 in the present genus. The gonopod of iulinuwm is illustrated from the mesial side; that of abnorme from the lateral, making comparisons somewhat difficult. However, it can be seen that the main difference between the two lies only in degree of development of the distal lobe. In abnorme it is rather reduced, and does not shield the entire length of the solenomerite. That structure, too, is somewhat broader than in iulinum, but is partially enclosed distally, just as in that species. The two agree in lacking the erect, distally bifid process from the 5th sternite of the males, and in having the construction between pro- and metazonites beaded or rugose (smooth in the other ecarinate gen- era). Interestingly enough, both appear to be subalpine species and occur on rather high, although widely separated mountains. In his manual of the Strongylosomidae, Attems placed abnorme in Brolemann’s group Boreviulisoma (type lionvillei Brol.) which he ranked as a subgenus of Dyseviulisoma. B. lionvillei is a Moroccan species, and aside from the vast difference in geographic range, is separable from abnorme on the basis of dissimilar gonopods, in having distinct lateral keels, and in having a regularly granular dorsum. Eoseviulisoma iulinum (Attems) Ergeb. Schwed. Exped. Kilimanjaro, 3 (19): 10, 1909. Tanganyika: Mt. Kilimanjaro, Kibonoto. Eoseviulisoma abnorme (Attems) Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 30 (1): 30, 1937. Belgian Congo: Ruwenzori, at 2050 meters. Genus ELviulisoma Silvestri Eviulisoma Silvestri, 1910, Ann. Mus. Genevo, vol. 44, p. 463.—Attems, 1929, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., vol. 17, p. 275 (type, Iulidesmus cavalli Silvestri). Strandiellus Attems, 1927, Ann. Mus. Wien, vol. 41, p. 54 (type, S. cervicornis Attems [= Eviulisoma silvestre Carl]). Wubidesmus (in part) Chamberlin, 1927, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 57, p. 221. This genus of small ecarinate Strongylosomids is characterized chiefly by the male gonopods, which are distinctive in the following particulars: prefemur moderate in length; femur short with a moder- ate to large femoral process (usually enclosing the long, slender, solenomerite) ; tibiotarsus long and laminate, distally notched or deeply bifid. These terminal elements are generally straight, slender, and directed distad; they are much longer than the femoral division. -In the male sex, the fifth sternite bears an upright median process, and the sixth is strongly concave. The species referred to Eviulisoma oceupy a definite geographic area in eastern and central-eastern Africa; this range is widely removed from that inhabited by the forms of Dyseviulosoma. Chamberlin’s Wubidesmus iugans is clearly referable here, although the drawing of the gonopod is made from such an angle, that the solenomerite is not visible. Eviulisoma cavallii (Silvestri) Boll. Mus. Torino, 22 (560): 3, 1907. Tanganyika: Sultanat Ihangiro, near Lake Victoria. 80 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Eviulisoma silvestre (Carl) Rev. Suisse Zool., 17: 300, 1909. Tanganyika: Bukoba, near Lake Victoria. Eviulisoma ussuwiense (Carl) Rev. Suisse Zool., 17: 299, 1909. Tanganyika: East-Ussuwi, south of Bukoba. Eviulisoma jeanneli Brolemann Alluaud & Jeannel, Voy. Afr. Or., Myr., p. 165, 1920. Kenya: no further locality. Eviulisoma alluaudi Brolemann Alluaud & Jeannel, Voy. Afr. Or., Myr., p. 174, 1920. Kenya: Aberdare Mountains. Eviulisoma insulare Brolemann Alluaud & Jeannel, Voy. Afr. Or., Myr., p. 174, 1920. Tanganyika: Zanzibar, Haitajwa. Eviulisoma iugans (Chamberlin) Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 57: 221, 1927. Belgian Congo: Medje (?). Eviulisoma schoutedeni Attems Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 17: 290, 1929. Belgian Congo: Kasai, N’Gombe. Eviulisoma muturanum Attems Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 30: 26, 1937. Belgian Congo: N. Kivu; Mutura. Eviulisoma obscurum Attems Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 30: 27, 1937. Belgian Congo: Libenge. Eviulisoma tritonium Attems Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 30: 28, 1937. Belgian Congo: N. Kivu; Nyarusambo. Eviulisoma greueri Attems Zool. Anz., 144: 247, 1944. Tanganyika: northwestern portion. Eviulisoma debile Attems Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 31: 236, 1938. Belgian Congo: Kivu, Tshibinda. Eviulisoma egregium Attems Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 31: 237, 1938. Belgian Congo: Ituri, Mongbwalu. Some of these forms were originally described as subspecies. In view of our very seanty knowledge of subspeciation in diplopods even in well-studied areas, it seems best to list them all as full species for the present. Attems’ subspecies, in general, appear to be based mostly upon the ‘‘quality level’’ of differences in gonopod structure rather than upon the concepts of similar but geographically vicarious (and inter- grading) populations. Genus Cnemodesmus Cook Cnemodesmus Cook, 1895, Proc. U. S., Nat. Mus., vol. 18, p. 97 (type: Paradesmus thysanopus Cook & Collins). See —a Hoffman—Scolodesmus and Related African Milliped 81 ?Phaeodesmus Cook, 1898, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., col. 20, p. 696.— Attems, 1937, Das Tierreich, lief. 68, p. 218 (type, Orthomorpha longipes Attems). Campsogon Chamberlin, 1951, Publ. Cult. da Comp. Diamantes —— no. 10, p. 65 (type, C. laquifer Chamberlin). Cook separated Attems’ species longipes into a separate genus pee desmus primarily because of the presence, at the end of the femur of the gonopod, of two elongate lateral branches not found in Cnemodesmus thysanopus. Attems has since (1934, infra) described another East African (longipes came from Mossambique) Strongylosomid—Podochresi- mus alatus—which is generically identical with longipes. Cnemodesmus thysanopus is a West African (Congo) species, as are several others which generally concur in gonopod structure. There is some doubt that two genera can be maintained, despite an apparent correlation of gono- pod structure with different geographic regions, and it seems best to include Phaeodesmus with the older name Cnemodesmus. Attems, in- deed, joined the two genera in his 1937 monograph, but unfortunately used the younger name for the group! Chamberlin’s two species of his ‘‘new’’ genus Campsogon do not seem generically separable from C. thysanopus, particularly when the somewhat intermediate C. miles (Attems) is considered. This latter species, from Bihe District, Angola, is quite similar to C. iwgans of Chamberlin. The species of Cnemodesmus may be listed as follows: Cnemodesmus thysanopus (Cook & Collins) Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 8: 25, 1893. Belgian Congo: no further locality given. Cnemodesmus longipes (Attems) Mitt. Mus. Hamburg, 13: 25, 1896. Mossambique: Quelimane. Cnemodesmus alatus (Attems) Ann. South African Mus., 26: 244, 1928. Portugese East Africa: Nyaka, Inhambane. Cnemodesmus miles (Attems) Senckenbergiana, 16: 5, 1934. Angola: Bihe District. Cnemodesmus iugans (Chamberlin) Publ. Cult. Comp. Diamantes Angola, 10: 67, 1951. Angola: Lunda District, vicinity of Dundo. Cnemodesmus laquifer (Chamberlin) Publ. Cult. Comp. Diamantes Angola, 10: 66, 1951. Angola: Malange District, 40 km. west of Malange. Cnemodesmus Aloysii-Sabaudiae Silvestri Boll. Mus. Torino, 22 (560): 1, 1907. Central Africa: Ibanda, Mobuku. Cnemodesmus convolutus (Attems) Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 31: 231, 1938. Belgian Congo: Kwango. Genus Dysthymus Attems Dysthymus Attems, 1929, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., vol. 17, p. 276; 1937, Das Tierreich, lief. 68, p. 156 (type, D. brunneus Attems). 82 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Lundacus Chamberlin, 1951, Publ. Cult. da Comp. Diamantes Angola, no. 10, p. 69 (type, L. atopus Chamberlin). The proposal of Lundacus by Chamberlin represents another of the lamentably numerous instances of generic synonymy which might have been prevented by a little care. In many cases, as when the older names are poorly diagnosed or published in obscure journals, a redundant junior synonym may be forgiven. In this case, however, we must infer that Chamberlin has access to the paper in which Dysthymus was pro- posed, since he refers to it further along in his own paper on the Angolan collection! Comparison of the drawings given by Attems and Chamberlin leaves no doubt that the type species of their two genera are congeneric. As a matter of fact, the gonopods are so remarkably similar that one is inclined to suspect only subspecific differences between brunneus and atopus. The type localities of the two are in the adjoining districts of Angola and the Belgian Congo. In all of its facets this situation is a very disappointing and melan- choly one, for which there can be no explanation other than a most eareless and indifferent approach. The species now referred to Dysthymus may be listed as follows (I am dubious that debilis really belongs in this genus) : Dysthymus brunneus Attems Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 17: 295, 1929. Belgian Congo: N’Gombe Kasai. Dysthymus spectabilis Attems Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 17: 292, 1929. Belgian Congo: Katanga, Lukonzalwa, Kapri. Northern Rhodesia: Broken Hill. Dysthymus debilis Attems Zoologica, 30 (3/4): 125, 1931. ?Belgian Congo: Mkotea-Suna. Dysthymus atopus (Chamberlin) Publ. Cult. Comp. Diamantes Angola, 10: 69, 1951. Angola: Dist. of Lunda; Dundo, along Luachimo River. Dysthymus uganonus Attems Zool. Anz., 144: 246, 1944. Tanganyika: Ugano. The other African genera of the Strongylosomidae, not treated in this paper, are Habrodesmus Cook, Podochresimus Attems, Xanthodes- mus Cook, Ectodesmus Cook, Congolina Attems, and Matebelopus Ver- hoeff. Habrodesmus is probably polyphyletie in the eurrent usage. EXPLANATION OF PLATE Fig. 1. Scolodesmus grallator Cook, part of head, collum, and second segment seen in lateral aspect. Fig. 2. Same, left gonopod of male, mesial aspect. Abbreviations: c, coxa; pf, prefemur; f, femur; tt, tibio- tarsus. Hoffman—Scolodesmus and Related African Milliped 83 Plate IV = > ' . +, e 84 Proceedings of Ae Sy ou ‘ f “ LIBRARY * \ sug Ll ¢ 1953 ) \y Vol. 66, pp. 85-88 SFEDINGS. Roy, /angust 10, 1953 DIN te, BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TWO NEW SPECIES OF CINARA (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) FROM ONTARIO 1 By F. C. Horres anp G. A. BRADLEY ? The two new species herein described are the following. Cinara canatra new species Alate viviparous female: Size and general color.—Length of cleared specimens from vertex to tip of anal plate varying from 2.86-3.00 mm. Color shining black, mirror-like, without powder or waxy secretion of any kind. Cleared specimens show the antennae brownish with the apical portions of the segments darker. Femora dark brown. Tibiae dark with a light band in the proximal half. A large dark patch surrounds the base of the cornicles, so that it is difficult to judge where the bases of the cornicles originate. Head and thorax.—Head with a median suture. Ocular tubercles well developed. Antennal segments with the following comparative lengths: III .429-.457 mm., IV .17-.185 mm., V .214-.228 mm., VI .155-.170 or 085+ .07-.085+ .085 mm. Secondary sensoria arranged as follows: III 2-4, most common number 3; IV 1; V 0-1, as a rule 1. Hair on antennae rather sparse, inclined at an angle of about 45 degrees. Some hairs on third segment longer than width of segment, others subequal to width. Hairs on remaining segments for most part longer than width of segment. Sixth segment with unguis rather long and thick to the end. Rostrum long, reaching to or beyond mid abdomen. Hind tibiae 1.85-2.14 mm. Hind tarsi .25-.28 mm. Hairs on inner surface of hind tibiae more abundant and slightly longer than those on outer surface, some hairs almost at right angles to tibiae, other hairs inclined at about 45 degrees, the two kinds intermixed. Hairs on distal region more numerous and more inclined. Most hairs longer than width of segment, but some hairs subequal to width of tibiae. First segment of tarsus with about ten hairs. Media of fore wing either once or twice branched. Abdomen.—Width of base of cornicles about .26 mm., difficult to deter- BQ mine in some cases because cornicle is located in pigmented area of the same color. Pigmented area surrounding base of cornicles with very few hairs; cornicle with 10-12 hairs. Cauda and anal plate with longer and somewhat coarser hair than that found on rest of abdomen. Dorsal surface of cauda without hair. Apterous viviparous female: Length from 2.35-2.71 mm. Color as in alate and without powder. Proportional lengths of antennal segments as follows: III .347-.457 mm., IV .17-.20 mm., V .21-.24 mm., VI .143-.157 or .085+ .057 mm. Hair as 1Contribution No. 64, Division of Forest Biology, Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Canada. 2A gricultural Research Officer, Forest Biology Laboratory, Indian Head, Sas- katchewan. 14—Proo. Biou. Soc. WASH., Vou. 66, 1953 (85) 86 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington in alate viviparous female. Secondary sensoria limited to one on segment V, however one specimen shows one on IV and three on III. Rostrum long, in one case reaching beyond tip of abdomen, in all cases reaching to or beyond cornicles. Hind tibiae 2.10-2.14 mm. long. A brown sclero- tized area, conspicuous in cleared specimens, covers the posterior region of the abdomen, forming a broad band which envelopes the cornicles and is continuous with their bases. The width of the cornicle base is thus difficult to determine, but appears to be about .247 mm. Cornicles with more hair than those of the alate female. Oviparous female: Length 2.76 mm. Color as in alate viviparous female, and without powder. Length of antennal segments: III .40-.46 mm., IV .19-.20 mm., V .23-.26 mm., VI .16-.18 mm. Sensoria as in the apterous viviparous female. Rostrum extending beyond cornicles. Hind tibiae 1.93-2.03 mm. Cornicle bases surrounded by a sclerotized area almost as extensive as that in the apterous viviparous female. Eggs.—Black, elliptical in shape, laid singly on the needles near the tips of the branches. Typically the egg is attached to the inner surface of a needle near its base and appears to be wedged between the two needles just above the fascicle. Location on host tree.—In the spring, the aphids are found in dense clusters on the bark of the smaller branches about two feet from the tips. Later in the summer they move inwards, and form elusters on the bark of the trunk. In the fall the aphids are again found near the ends of the branches. They are closely attended by large numbers of ants throughout the season. This species is similar to C. atra (Gillette and Palmer) and was so determined by the junior author. It differs from C. atra in the following respects: larger size; longer and more numerous hair on antennae; differently shaped sixth antennal segment, the segment not so elub shaped, the unguis being longer and thicker; the third antennal segment longer; the hind tibiae longer; more hair on the cornicles. C. atra lacks the broad sclerotized band on which the cornicles originate in the apter- ous viviparous females of C. canaira. Holotype alate viviparous female. Morphotype apterous viviparous female, mounted on the same slide. Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. Pinus banksiana October 4, 1948, G. A. Bradley, deposited in the Canadian National Collection, Ottawa. Paratypes in the United States National Museum and the collections of the authors. Cinara canadensis new species Apterous viviparous female: Size and general color.—Length from vertex to tip of anal plate (cleared specimens) 2.35-2.78 mm.; average 2.55 mm. Color greyish- brown lightly covered with white powdery secretions. Third antennal segment pale, remaining segments brownish. Femora brown with apical regions darker. Tibiae pale with dark brown at the tip. Tarsi brown. Cornicles brown. Cauda and anal plate brown. Head and thorax darker than abdomen. Spiracles surrounded by brown. Dorso-lateral portions of abdomen with two rows of small brown spots. Region anterior to cauda with three to four irregular rows of brownish spots from which hairs arise, the more anterior rows with fewer spots and more irregular. Hottes and Bradley—T'wo New Species of Cinara 87 Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following comparative lengths: III .328-.40 mm., IV .171-.20 mm., V .171-.185 mm., VI .114- 143 + .028-.04 mm. Hind tibiae 1.43-1.71 mm. Hind tarsi .24-.31 mm. Secondary sensoria 0-2 on IV asa rule 1, 1-2 on V asarule 1. Antennal hair long, some on III three times width of segment, upright. Hair on IV and V as long as that on III but more inclined. Head with median suture. Rostrum attaining and in some cases extending beyond meta- thoracic coxae. Ocular tubercles well developed. Length of hairs on outer portion of hind tibia at least two times width of tibia and almost at right angles to tibia. Hairs on inner portion of hind tibia slightly shorter, more inclined and more numerous than those on outer portion. First segment of hind tarsus with about ten hairs. Abdomen.—Abdomen covered with numerous fine long hairs, as long as or longer than those on antennae. Cornicles .286 mm. at base. Height of cornicles about .17 mm. Anal plate and cauda with longer and some- what coarser hair than that on rest of abdomen. Found in colonies on the bark of the smaller branches of red juniper. This species is allied to C. juniperi DeGeer, and differs from it in the following respects: larger size, much lighter color, and much longer tibiae, less pigmented head and thorax, shorter and less nail-like unguis, longer third and fourth antennal segments, and shorter sixth. C. juni- peri also lacks the pigmented spots from which hairs arise just anterior to the cauda. Holotype apterous viviparous female, Juniperus virginiana September 27, 1946, Niagara Falls, Ontario, G. A. Bradley, deposited in the Cana- dian National Collection, Ottawa. Paratypes in the collection of the United States National Museum and the collections of the authors. 1 the Bio $ ecdings of f aug 1 4 1953 } RECEIVED cY¥% august 10, 1953 SeROceEDINGS Vol. 66, pp. 89-92 BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SHUNSENNIA TARSALIS, A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF CHIGGER FROM KOREA (ACARINA: TROMBICULIDAE)! By E. W. JAMESON, JR. AND SEIICHI TOSHIOKA 2 Three specimens of a trombiculid mite from Korea consti- tute a new genus and species of Leeuwenhoekiinae. In this new genus we also place Hannemania ochotona® Radford, 1942, a species known from western North America. Shunsennia, new genus Chelicera with a single, subapical dorsal tooth. Palpal claw 3-4 pronged. Spiracles and trachea absent. All tarsi with two claws and a claw-like empodium. Seutum with no anteromedian projection. Sensillae flagelliform. Genotype: Shunsennia tarsalis, new species. This genus is most closely allied to Chatia Brennan, 1946, a mono- typic genus (type: Chatia setosa Brennan) known from small mammals of Western North America. In the key included by Wharton et al (1951) specimens of Shunsennia tarsalis and Hannemania ochotona will key out to Chatia. Shunsennia is easily separated from Chatia by the 3-4 pronged palpal claw and the claw-like empodium; in Chatia the palpal claw has 7 or more prongs and there is no empodium. Shunsen- nia differs from all other Leeuwenhoekiinae in lacking both an antero- median projection on the scutum and a row of teeth on the chelicerae. Leeuwenhoekia lacks a row of teeth on the chelicerae, but possesses an anteromedian projection on the scutum. Shunsennia tarsalis, new species (Figure 1) Gnathosoma: Capitular sternum and palpal femur with punctae; coxal seta and femoral seta feathered. Palpal genual seta densely feathered; dorsal tibial seta densely feathered, lateral tibial seta long and with 2-7 small barbs, and ventral tibial seta densely feathered. Palpal claw three-pronged. Galeal seta feathered. Chelicera with a subterminal hook. Palpal thumb with seven densely feathered setae and a short, slender 08 spur (about as long as the width of the thumb). Scutum: More or less rectangular; anterior and posterior margins with marked mesal convexities. Scutal setae all of approximately the same thickness and quality. Sensillae nude. A single, well-developed eye on each side of the scutum. Scutal measurements of holotype: 18tudies upon which this paper is in part based were conducted under contract no. DA-49-007-MD-242, between the Regents of the University of California and the Department of the Army. 2Contribution from Entomology Department, 406th Medical General Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan. 8Radford’s spelling of his specific name was ‘“‘ochotrona.’’ However, inasmuch as Radford recorded the pika as the host of his material, the emendation in spell- ing, to conform to the generic name of the host, appears justified. 15—PrRoo. Biou. Soc. WAsH., Vou. 66, 1953 (89) 90 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington AW-83, PW-106, SB-35, ASB-61, PSB-20, AP-46, AM-84, AL-76, PL- 126, S-109. Legs: Coxal setae 2-1-1. Legs with feathered and nude (specialized) setae as illustrated. As indicated (Fig. 1), there is considerable varia- tion in the degree of feathering on the leg setae. With the following specialized setae: Leg I, 1 genuala, 1 microgenuala; 2 tibiala, 1 micro- tibiala; 1 spur, 1 microspur, 1 subterminala, 1 pretarsala. Leg II, 1 genuala, 1 microgenuala; 2 tibiala; 1 spur, 1 microspur, 1 pretarsala. Leg III, 1 tibiala; 1 spur. Setae: As in Chatia setosa, the dorsal setae are numerous and in rather poorly defined rows; dorsal setae about 130-140. There are no setae that can be definitely termed humeral setae. Ventral setae smaller, about 80-90 in number. Two pairs of sternal setae, between coxae III and slightly anterior. Types: Holotype taken from a Korean mouse, probably Clethrionomys rufocanus regulus (Thomas), taken about 15 miles north-west of Wonju (CS 846 443), 13 March 1952, by members of the 207th Preventive Medicine Survey Detachment, no. C-82; deposited in the United States National Museum. One paratype with the same data as the holotype, deposited in the Rocky Mountain Laboratory, Hamilton, Montana. One paratype from Apodemus agrarius coreae Thomas, about 10 miles west of Chunchon, Korea (CS 725 928), 16 February 1952, collected by the 37th Preventive Medicine Company, no. 166; deposited at the Medical Zoological Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Tokyo. Specimens upon which this descriptoin is based were taken near Chun- chon, Korea, but the pronunciation of Chunchon in Japanese is Shunsen, and hence the generic name Shunsennia. Shunsennia tarsalis is closely allied to Hannemania ochotona Radford, a chigger found on rodents and lagomorphs in the mountains of western North America; and Hannemania ochotona is therefore transferred to Shunsennia. From the genotype, ochotona is distinguished by the minute basal barbs on the sensillae, a 4-pronged palpal claw, sternal setae 2-4 (sometimes arranged 2-2-2), the absence of a spur on tarsus III and the presence of more than one (usually three) setae on coxa III. We are indebted to Dr. James M. Brennan for generously assisting us with the preparation of this description. The illustrations were made by Mr. Akira Shimazoe. LITERATURE CITED Brennan, James M., 1946. A new genus and species of chigger, Chatia setosa (Trombiculidae, Acarina), from northwestern United States. Jour. Parasit. 32: 132-135. Radford, Charles D., 1942. The larval trombiculinae (Acarina, Trom- bidiidae) with descriptions of twelve new species. Parasitology 34: 55-81. Wharton, G. W., et al., 1951. The terminology and classification of trombiculid mites (Acarina: Trombiculidae). Jour. Parasit. 37: 13-31. Jameson and Toshioka—New Chigger from Korea 91 leg setae Fig. 1. Shunsennia tarsalis, ng. n.sp. Plate V — = BS ae +" t . edie i if tu a? .d j E Vol. 66, pp. 93-108 August 10, 1953 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A CATALOGUE OF THE MOLLUSCAN GENUS DISTOBRSIOS t (GASTROPODA, CYMATIIDAE) < \FORN SS WILLIAM K. EMERSON a Lim ae hej Museum of Paleontology, University of California . AND | Av6 + * 1953 ELTON L. PUFFER mayan Department of Paleontology, University of cautery, RECEIVED ee INTRODUCTION eM iy oF SOO The primary purpose of this catalogue is to enumerate the trivial names referable to the gastropod genus Distorsio sensu lato. Pilsbry (1922:357) compiled a similar list in which he recorded 17 names. In the catalogue which follows, a total of 35 trivial names are allocated to the genus. Of this number, 34 were validly proposed of which 33 are available, one name is new, one is nude and one is preoccupied; two are definitely referable to the subgenus Personella, the remaining are placed some questionably, in Distorsio sensu stricto. A com- prehensive phylogenetic study of the species generally placed in the genus probably would reveal the existence of several minor evolutionary lineages which would merit subgeneric recognition. Though no attempt is made to evaluate the higher categories of this group, exhaustive synonymies are given for the two recognized subgenera, Distorsio sensu stricto and Per- sonella. On the species level, with the possible exception of the strongly defined Distorsio anus, the type of Distorsio, it can be said without hesitation that the representatives of the : group have undergone considerable nomenclatural vicissi- | tudes. It is hoped that this catalogue will be of some aid in the interpretation of the rather complex nomenclatural his- tory which confronts students of the group. BR Several authors, including Pilsbry (1922:356), Woodring (1928:299), Wrigley (1932:135), and Gardner (1947:535), have speculated on the origin and routes of distribution followed by members of this distinctive genus and its allies. On the basis of available data, it is concluded that upon the establishment in the American Gulf coast region of a lineage of the Sassia complex from European waters, the Personella group originated with Distorsio (Personella) septemdentata of the Clai- borne (Middie Eocene) and Distorsio (Personella) jacksonensis of the 1Gontribution from the Museum of Paleontology, the University of California, Berkeley. 16—PrRoo. Biou. Soc. WASH., VoL. 66, 1958 (93) 94 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Jackson (Upper Eocene). The first true Distorsio appears to be Dis- torsio crassidens of the Vicksburg (Middle Oligocene)?; it is assumed to have evolved from the Personella stock. By late Oligocene time, the Distorsio complex had spread throughout the Caribbean region, reaching the Eastern Atlantic shores and migrating westward to the Eastern Pacific and eastward to the Indo-Pacific. Like most of the thermophilic Tertiary genera now living, Distorsio is restricted to tropical and sub- tropical waters. Acknowiedgements—The writers are indebted to Dr. J. Wyatt Durham, Museum of Paleontology, University of California, for his many valu- able suggestions. Dr. L. G. Hertlein, California Academy of Sciences, and Dr. A. Myra Keen, Stanford University, kindly provided the writers with bathymetric data. ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS A synopsis of the limited bathymetric data available to the writers was undertaken in an attempt to arrive at a better understanding of the living forms as a basis for the interpretation of the ecological con- ditions under which the fossil representatives of the genus lived. The following precise records have been noted: D. anus—3.6 meters, Coeos- Keeling Islands, lagoon, coral patch (Abbott, 1950:79); 9-45 meters, Banda Sea, East Indies, black sand, coral (Schepman, 1909:113); shore—9.1 meters, Hawaiian Islands, coral (Edmondson, 1946:143). D. constrictus—5.2-18.3 meters, Monte Cristi and Jipijapa, Ecuador, sandy mud (Reeve, 1844); 73-91 meters, Santa Inez, Gulf of Calif., Mexico; 169, 128-146 meters, Gorda Bank, Gulf of Calif., Mexico; 36.5-82.5 meters off Acapulco, Mexico; 80 meters, Port Parker, Costa Rica (Calif. Academy of Sciences coll.). D. clathrata—40.2-263.3 meters, off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina (Johnson, 1934:114) ; 18.3 meters, Limon Bay, Panama (Stanford Univ. coll.). D. decussatus—73 meters, Arena Bank, | Gulf of Calif., Mexico; 51.2 meters, 48 miles W. of Sacapuleo, Mexico; 63.9 meters, 23 miles W. of San Simon Bay, Mexico; 51.2 meters, 15 miles 8S. of La Puerta Light, Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico; 109.7 meters, 74 miles S. E. of Manzanillo, Mexico; 95 meters, off Manzanillo, Mexico; 18.2-31.2 meters, 8 miles off Mazatlan, Mexico; 45.7 meters off Gorda Point, San Jose del Cado Bay, Mexico; 36.5 meters, 45 miles off Cape San Lucas, Baja California, Mexico; Champerico, Guatemala (Calif. Academy of Sciences coll.). D. perdistorta—30.6-45.7 meters off Tosa, Shikoku Islands, Japan (Stanford Univ. ecoll.). D. reticulata—37, 56 meters, Madura Strait, Java, gray mud, broken shell; 55 meters, Bay of Bima, Sumbawa, East Indies, mud, patches of fine coral sand; 36 meters, off Manipa Island, Molluceas, coral, sand; 54, 73 meters, off Timor, coral, sand; 36 meters, East of Dangar Besar, Saleh Bay, coral, sand, mud (Schepman, 1909:113); 18.3-36.6 meters, Malamipu, Basilan Strait, Philippine Islands (Watson, 1886:396). Though some of the records may be based on non-living material, these data suggest that 2Vredenburg (1925:234) reports the occurrence of a Distorsio, ‘‘Persona reticu- lata ‘{Linnaeus]’ cum var. subclathrata d’Orbigny et metabieta Cossmann,”’ in the Nari beds (Upper Oligocene) near Kotara, India. Though his material was not illustrated, Vredenburg states that it agrees closely with Fuchs’ (1870:175, pl. 1, figs. 7, 8) figures of “Tritonium subclathratum d’Orbigny” from the Gaas (Upper Oligocene) of Italy. These records apparently indicate an early appear- ance for the prototype of the D. tortwosa-complex. Emerson and Puffer—Catalogue of the Molluscan 95 the living representatives of the genus are most commonly found in the deeper part of the eulittoral, 9-50 meters, (inner neritic) and in the sublittoral, 50-263 meters (outer neritic) zones of the benthonic system. Smith (1937:113) states that D. clathrata, at certain times of the year, has been found alive in Lake Worth, Florida and upon the beaches. Edmonson (1946:143) reports that in the Hawaiian Islands D. anus occurs on the shore reefs, but is more common in depths of 7 to 9 meters. Being scavengers, one would expect this group to frequent a variety of bottom types. Though the available data corroborates this inference, these gastropods appear to be found most commonly in the coarser elastic sediments, particularly a coral-sand association. Assuming that the records of D. perdistorta from Kii, Japan, 33°50’ N., and D. francesae from Sydney Harbor, Australia, 33°52’ S., reflect the extremes of high latitude distribution for the Recent species, a minimum low temperature tolerance of approximately 60°F. is indi- cated for the group on the basis of the distribution of surface isotherms. CATALOGUE In the catalogue below, the synoymies of the supraspecifie units ap- pear first, the trivial names are then alphabetically listed with the exact orthography used by the original authors and followed by: the initial generic allocation in brackets, the reference to the original description and pertinent references to figured specimens and occurrences, the type locality or localities originally cited, and remarks pertaining to the apparent relationship of the species with its allies. As used in this paper, the term ‘‘paleo-subspecies’’ (Clark, 1945: 161; Newell, 1948:231) denotes vertical or evolutionary subspecies, i.e. fossil populations which represent closely related groups of less than specific rank and of differing geologic age. Unfortunately, due to the present lack of adequate means for precise correlation from one area to another, it is impossible to determine whether observed differences between closely related infraspecific groups of fossils are a result of contemporaneous geographic variation or of evolution during the passage of time. Though one cannot be certain whether he is dealing in the fossil record with geographical subspecies as recognized in the modern faunas and floras or with small grades of a phyletic ‘‘continuum,’’ the writers believe it advantageous to differentiate between the apparent geographic subspecies of the Recent faunas and the paleo-subspecies of the fossil assemblages. For the sake of convenience, all subspecies recog- nized in the fossil record are herein considered as paleo-subspecies. Genus Distorsio ‘Bolten’ Roding, 1798 Subgenus Distorsio sensu stricto Distorsio ‘BOLTEN’ RODING, 1798, Mus. Boltenianum, p. 133; H. ADAMS and A. ADAMS, 1853, Gen. Ree. Moll., vol. 1, p. 104; DAL, 1904, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 47, p. 138; PiusBry, 1922, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 73, (2), p. 356; Wooprine, 1928, Carnegie Inst. Wash., Pub. 385, pt. 2, p. 299. Distorsia PiusBRy, 1922, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 73, (2), p. 359—error for Distorsio ‘Bolten’ Roding. Distortio ‘Bolten’ H. ApAms and A. ADAMS, 1853, Gen. Ree. Moll., vol. 1, p. 13; CONRAD, 1865, Am. Jour. Conch., vol. 1, p. 20; 96 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Maury, 1922, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 9, (38), p. 115—error for, or emendation of Distorsio ‘Bolten’ Ropina. Distorsus PAETEL, 1887, Cat. Conch., ed. 4, vol. 1, p. 103—emendation of Distorsio ‘Bolten’ RODING. Distortrix LInK, 1807, Beschr. Natural..Samml. Rostock, p. 122, type species: (by subsequent designation, Dall, 1904:133 Murex anus Linné; DAuL, 1889, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 18, (6), p. 221; DALuL, 1889, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 37, p. 132; DALL and SIMPSON, 1901, U. S. Fish Comm. Bull. for 1900, vol. 1, p. 416; Maury, 1917, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 5, p. 271; Dall, 1904, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 47, p. 133; FAusTINO, 1928, Summ. Philippine Mar. and Fresh- Water Moll., p. 232; Nickui&s, 1950, Man. Ouest-Africains, vol. 2, p. 86, Distortiz Parrmi, 1875, Fam. Gatt. Moll., p. 71l—error for Distortrix Link. Persona MontFort, 1810, Conch., vol. 2, p. 602, type species: (by origi- nal designation) Murex anus Linné; BELLARDI, 1872, Mem. Acad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2, vol. 2, p. 262; Koper, 1878, Jahrb. Deutschen Malak. Gesellschaft, vol. 5, p. 370; FIscHER, 1884, Man. de Conch., p. 655; VAN DER VLERK, 1931, Leidsche Geologische Mededeelingen, vol. 5, p. 240. Persoma PAntTEL, 1875, Fam. Gatt. Moll., p. 157—error for Persona MONTFORT. Distorta Perry, 1811, Conch., pl. 10, type species (here designated) ‘“Distorta rotunda Perry’’ = Murex anus Linné; Schumacher, 1817, Ess. Vers. Test., pp. 76, 249, type species: (by original designation) ‘“Distorta rugosa’’ SCHUMACHER = Murex anus LINNE. Type species: (by subsequent designation,? Pilsbry, 1922, p. 357) Distorsio anus (LINNE = Murex anus LINNE, 1758, Recent, Indo- Pacific. ). Subgenus Personella Conrad, 1865 Personella CONRAD, 1865, Am. Jour. Conch., vol. 1, p. 21; Dall, 1904, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 47, (1475), p. 130; Palmer, 1937, Bull. Am. Pal., vol. 7, (32), p. 260; GARDENER, 1947, U. S..Geol. Surv., Prof. Paper 142-H, p. 534; HaArris and PALMER, 1947, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol...30; (117),;' p: 335. Type species: (by monotypy) Distortio [sic] (Personella) septem- dentata GABB, 1860, Eocene of Texas. acuta [Distorta] Prrry, 1811, Conch., or Nat. Hist. of Shells, pl. 10, fig. 1. Type locality: ‘‘New South Wales’’ Remarks: On the basis of Perry’s illustration, this species should be referred to D. reticulata RopING, 1798; IREDALE (1929:344) imter- preted the figure to represent the West Indian species, D. clathratum (LAMARCK, 1816). anus [Murex| Linnf, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 750; Renve, 1844, Conch. Icon., vol. 2, Triton, pl. 12, fig. 44; Tryon, 1881, Man. of Conch., vol. 3, p. 35, pl. 17, fig. 173; M. Smith, 1948, Triton and Harp Shells, p. 21, pl. 8, fig. 8. ’G. D. Harris and K. Van W. Palmer, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 30, (117), p. 335, 1947, cite the invalid designation of J. E. Gray (Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1847, p. 133) as antedating that of Pilsbry. Gray indicates the type of Persona Montfort, with ‘“Distortio A, Bolten, 1798” and ‘‘Distorta, Schum, 1817” listed as junior synonyms. Emerson and Puffer—Catalogue of the Molluscan 97 Type locality: ‘‘ Asiatic Ocean’’ Occurrences: Recent Indo-Pacific faunal province; Red Sea (Smith, 1948). Remarks: This handsome, widely distributed species, apparently rep- resents a stock which developed in the Indo-Pacific area in the late Tertiary. cancellinus [Murex] LAmMARCK, 1803, Ann. Mus. Nat. d’Hist. Nat., Paris, vol. 2, p. 225; REEVE, 1844, Conch. Icon., vol. 2, Triton, pl. 12, fig. 45. Type locality: ‘‘Southern Ocean’’ Remarks: Lamarck cited this species as being a fossil from Grignon [= ? D. tortuosa (Borson, 1822) from the S. W. European Miocene] and living in the ‘‘Southern Ocean,’’ but refers to the figures of Martini (1773, pl. 41, figs. 405, 406) upon which D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ RopIne, 1798, is based. The name is often credited to de Roissy (Sonnini’s Buffon Moll., 1805) in which the original description was repeated. clathratum [Triton] LAMARCK, 1816, Encyclop. Meth., pl. 413, figs. 4a, 4b, Liste p. 4; LAMARCK, 1822, Hist. Nat. An. s. Vert., vol. 7, p. 186, in part, reference to Lamarck (1816) only; Guppy, 1866, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. London, vol. 228, p. 288, pl. 17, fig. 18, as ‘‘ Persona similli- ma SOWERBY’’; Guppy, 1874, Geol. Mag., decade 2, vol. 1, p. 439, ‘“list,’? as ‘‘ Persona simillima SOWERBY’’; DALL, 1903, Trans. Wag- ner Ins. Phila., vol. 3, (6), p. 1584, ‘‘list,’’ as ‘‘ Distortrix simillima Sowerby’’; WooprineG, 1928, Carnegie Inst. Wash., Pub. 385, pt. 2, p. 300, pl. 19, figs. 2, 3, as ‘‘ Distorsio clathratus gatunensis Toula’’; WEISBORD, 1929, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 14, (54), p. 273, pl. 8, fig. 3, as ‘‘Distorsio aff. gatunensis Toula’’; RurscH, 1930, Ecol. Geol. Helvetiae, vol. 23, (2), p. 607; RurscH, 1934, Abh. Schweiz. Paleo. Ges., vol. 54, p. 58; ScHUCHERT, 1935, Hist. Geol. Antillean-Caribbean Region, p. 376, as ‘‘ Distorsio clathratus gatunensis Toula’’; M. SMITH, 1941, East Coast Marine Shells, p. 113, pl. 42, fig. 8; NicKLkEs, 1950, Man. Ouest-Africains, vol. 2, pp. 86-87, fig. 133, as ‘‘ Distorsio ridens REEvE.’’ Not Triton clathratus SOWERBY, 1833. Type locality: South American seas (LAMARCK, 1822:186). Occurrences: Miocene—‘‘ Miocene Cumana, Venezuela’’ (GuPPY, 1874) ; Bowden formation, Jamaica (Dat, 1903; Wooprine, 1928); near Usiacuri, Atlantico, Colombia (WEISBORD, 1929); Tuxtepee formation, Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, and Chiapas, Mexico (ScHUCHERT, 1935). ‘‘Mio- Pliocene’’—Punta Zamuro, Puerto Cumarebo, and Sabanas Altas, Faleén, Venezuela (RutscH, 1930); [Punta Gavilan, formation], Punta Gavilin, Venezuela (RutscH, 1934). Quarternary—Cabo Blanco near La Guaira, Distrito Federal, Venezuela (Rutscu, 1930). Recent —Caribbean area; Gulf of Mexico; coast of West Africa (NICKL&s, 1950). Remarks: Both the fossil and Recent representatives of this species have been confused in the literature, see remarks under D. gatunensis, D. simillima, and D. reticulata. The junior author has in preparation a paper pertaining to the synonymy of this species. clatrata [Distorsio] ‘Bolten’ RépING, 1798, Museum Boltenianum, pt. 2, p. 133, [nomen nudum]. 98 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Remarks: Although this is a nude name, R6pING referred to this spe- cies as a variety of ‘‘Gmel. Murex anus. sp. 38’? = D. anus (Linné, 1758). constrictus [Triton] BroprErip, 1833, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 5; REEVE, 1844, Conch. Icon., vol. 2, Triton, pl. 12, fig. 41; Dall, 1909, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 37, (1704), p. 225; Pingspry and OLsson, 1941, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., vol. 93, p. 40, pl. 5; eae eee, SmirH, 1944, Panamic Marine Shells, p. 23, no. 66; M. SmirH, 1948, Triton and Harp Shells, p. 22, pl. 8, fig. 7. Type localities: ‘‘Montem Christi’’ and ‘‘ Xipixapi,’’ Ecuador. Occurrence: Recent—Panama to Santa Elena, Ecuador .(M. Smith, 1948). Remarks: Pilsbry (1922:359) states that this Recent form from the Panamie Province was derived from the Antillean Miccene fossil, D. simillimus (SOWERBY, 1850) and concludes that the lineage has died out in the Caribbean. OLSSON and McGinty (1951: 26) recently de- scribed D. constricta floridana living off the coast of Florida, which, in their opinion, differs only in size with its apparent ancestor, the Miocene species D. simillimus (SowrrBy, 1850). Wooprine (1928: 300) treated the Bowden representatives of D. simillimus (SOWERBY, 1850), as a subspecies of D. decussatus (Valenciennes, 1832), but was of the opinion that the latter was conspecific with D. constrictus (BRODERIP, 1833). In contrast, PrusBry and OLSsSon (1941:40) be- lieved that there are two distinct species, D. constrictus (BRODERIP, 1833), and D, decussatus (VALENCIENNES, 1832), living in the Panamic Province. They concluded that while the two species occur together, the former is a strongly distorted shell having the aperture, especially the inner lip, strongly tuberculated with a short but strongly recurved anterior canal; the latter species being more slender, regular, and thinner shelled with the parietal callus being smoother and with a longer and nearly straight anterior canal. It should be pointed out that in both of the aforementioned species, the spinal cord on the shoulder or periphery of the body whorl is doubled, while in D. clath- rata (LAMARCK, 1816), and its allies, the body whorl is sculptured with regularly spaced spirals with no indications of bilirate ridges or a keel on the shoulder. crassidens [Triton] ConRAD, 1848, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 1, ser. 2, p. 118, pl. 11, fig. 40; CoNRApD, 1854, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 7, p. 31; ConrAD, 1865, Am. Jour. Conch., vol. 1, p. 20; CooKE, 1929, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 73, p. 2, list. Type locality: Vicksburg, Mississippi (Oligocene). Occurrences: Oligocene — ‘‘ Vicksburg Group,’’ Mississippi; Alazan clay, Vera Cruz, Mexico (Cooke, 1929). ; Remarks: Inasmuch as this is the earliest known ‘species to occur in the fossil record that is definitely referable to the genus (sensu stricto), it is assumed to be the ancestor of the Caribbean stock. PILsBRY (1922:360) considered this a paleo-subspecies of D. constric- tus (Broderip, 1833). decipiens [Triton] RrxEve, 1844, Conch. Icon., vol. 2, Triton, pl. 20, fig. 102, Reeve, 1844, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, (12), p. 121. Type locality: Mindanao Island, Philippines. Emerson and Puffer—Catalogue of the Molluscan 99 Remarks: This appears to be a variant of D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ Roding, 1798. decussatum [Tritonium] VALENCIENNES, 1832, [in] HumBour and Bon- PLAND, Recueit Obs. Zool., vol. 2, p. 306; PILSBRY and OLSSON, 1941, Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 93, p. 40, pl. 5, fig. 9; OLSSON, 1942, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 27, (106), pp. 18, 20; M. Smirn, 1944, Pan- amic Marine Shells, p. 23, no. 265; M. Smiru, Triton and Harp Shells, p. 22, pl. 8, fig. 13. Type locality: Acapulco, Mexico. Occurrences: Recent—Acapuleco, Mexico to Manta, Ecuador (M. Smita, 1948). Pliocene—Jama formation, Puerto Jama, Ecuador, and Canoa formation, Punta Blanca, Eeuador (PimusBry and OLSSON, 1941); Chareco Azul formation, Burica Peninsula, Costa Rica (OLSSON, 1942). Remarks. This species has been considered conspecific with D. con- strictus (BRopERIP, 1833) by Wooprina (1928:301). However, PILs- BRY and OLSSON (1941:40) differentiate between the two aforemen- tioned forms and conclude that they are distinct species, see remarks under D. constrictus (BRopERIP, 1833) and also see PILSBRY and OLS- son (1941, pl. 5) for comparative figures. OLSSON (1932: 190) treats D. ringens (PHtuiPPi, 1887) from the Tertiary of Chile as a subspecies of D. decussatus (VALENCIENNES, 1832). On the basis of available data, it is concluded that D. simillimus (SowrErBy, 1850) is question- ably a paleo-subspecies of D. decussatus, and D. gatunensis Toula, 1909, is definitely a paleo-subspecies of D. decussatus. djunggranganensis [Persona] Martin, 1914, Samm. Geol. Reischs-Mus. Leiden, neue folge, vol. 2, (4), p. 242, pl. 2, fig. 41. Type locality: West Progo-beds, Java, (Miocene). Remarks: This species possesses a well developed columellar notch which may indicate a possible ancestral affinity with D. anus (Linné, 1758). floridana [Personella| GARDNER, 1947, U. S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Paper 142-H, p. 535, pl. 53, fig. 8. Type locality: Shell Bluff, Shoal River, Walton County, Florida (Miocene). Occurrence: Known only from the Shoal River formation, Miocene, Alum Bluff Group, Florida. Remarks: Dr. GARDNER followed Daun (1904:130) in granting Per- sonella full generic rank, and placed floridana in this unit, which would extend the time range of Personnela from Middle Oligocene to Middle Miocene. floridana [Distorsio] OLSson and McGinry, 1951, Nautilus, vol. 65, (1), p. 27, pl. 1, figs. 5, 6, 9, as a subspecies of D. constrictus BRoDERIP, 1833. Not Distorsio (Personella) floridana (GARDNER, 1947), = Dis- torsio mcgintyi, new name, see citation in this catalogue to mcgintyi [Distorsio] new name. Type locality: ‘‘off Palm Beach, Florida, 30-40 fathoms.’’ Remarks: The recent recognition of this distinct form living in Flor- ida waters, as interpreted by OLSSON and McGINTY, indicates the presence of a geographical subspecies of D. constrictus (BRODERIP, 100 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 1833), and suggests a homotaxic remnant of the fossil D. simillimus (SOWERBY, 1850) from the Miocene and Pliocene of the Caribbean area. The acquisition of a large series of this form may show that it is more closely related to D. decussatus (VALENCIENNES, 1832) than to D. constrictus, and actually represents a geographical subspecies of the former. francesae [Distorsio] IREDALE, 1931, Records Australian Mus., vol. 28, (4), p. 218, pl. 23, fig. 2; IREDALE, 1929, Aust. Zodlogist, vol. 5, (4), p. 344, pl. 38, fig. 2, as D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ RopING, 1798, ALLAN, 1950, Austral. Shells, p. 115. Type locality: Sydney Harbor, Australia. Occurrences: North-west Island, Capricorn Group and Sydney Harbor, Australia (IREDALE, 1931; South Pacific to New South Wales (ALLEN: 1950). Remarks: This species appears to have affinities with the East Indian D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ Ropine, 1798, complex. gatunensis | Distorsio| Toula, 1909, Jahrb. K.-k. Geol. Reichsanstalt, vol. 58, p. 700, pl. 25, fig. 10; Brown AND PiusBry, 1911, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., vol. 63, p. 356, p. 26, fig. 8; OLsson, 1922) Bull Am. Paleo., vol. 9, p. 305; RutscH, 1930, Eclogae Geol. Helvetiae, vol. 23, (2), p. 611, pl. 17, fig. 7, as D. decussatus cf. gatunensis Toula. Type locality: Panama Canal Zone (Miocene—Gatun formation). Occurrences: Miocene—Gatun formation, Panama Canal Zone (TOULA, 1909; Brown and PILsBRY, 1911; OLSSON, 1922), Banana River and Port Limon, Costa Rica (OLSSON, 1922); Buena Vista, Halbinsel Paraguana, Venezuela (RuTscH, 1930). Remarks: TouLA based the description of D. gatunensis on juvenile specimens from the Gatun formation of the Panama Canal Zone; Brown and Piussry figured an apertural view of a mature specimen from the same formation. Maury (1917:271; 1925:368) and OLSSON (1922:305) were of the opinion that D. gatunensis TouLA, 1909, was synonymous with D. simillimus (SOWERBY, 1850) from the Bowden Miocene; WEISBORD (1929:272) questioned this combination. Woop- RING (1928:300) identified the Jamaican representative of the D. clathrata complex as ‘‘Distorsio (Distorsio) clathratus gatunensis TouULA’’; several subsequent authors have followed this usage. How- ever, RuTsScH (1930:611, pl. 17, fig. 6) figured the dorsal view of the holotype of D. gatunensis Touna, 1909, and concluded that the species is a subspecies of D. decussatus (VALENCIENNES, 1832). As shown by RutscuH, the holotype of D. gatunensis possesses double spiral cording on the shoulder of the body whorl, a characteristic of D. decussatus, while in D. clathrata (LAMARCK, 1816), the body whorl is seulptured with regularly spaced spirals lacking any indication of bilirate ridges or a keel on the shoulder. On the basis of Rutsch’s data, D. gatunen- sis TouLa, 1909, is here considered to be a paleo-subspecies of D. decussatus (VALENCIENNES, 1832). grasi [Triton] ‘‘BeLuarDI’’ D’ANCONA, 1872, Comitato Geol. Regno, Mem. Descrizione della Carta Geol. d’Italia, vol. 2, p. 188, pl. 16, figs. la, 1b; BELLArp1, 1872, Mem. Accad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2, vol. 27, p. 262, pl. 14, fig. 18. Emerson and Puffer—Catalogue of the Molluscan 101 Type locality: ‘‘Piemonte’’ of Italy (‘‘Pliocene’’). Occurrences: ‘‘Miocene’’—Termo-faura Villa Forzano, Rio della Bat- teria, Castelnuovo d’Asti (Bellardi, 1872:263). Remarks: This species is not referable to Distorsio sensu stricto; the apertural characters recall those which characterize the subgenus Personella. interposita [Distortio] Tate, 1893, Jour. and Proc. Roy. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 27, p. 172, pl. 10, fig. 3. Type locality: Bird-rock Bluff, near Geelong, Victoria, Australia (‘*‘Eocene’’). Remarks: This species is not referable to Distorsio sensu stricto and apparently is restricted to an Australian paleo-faunal province. jacksonensis [Distortrix] Meyer, 1885, Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 29, ser. 3, pp. 464, 468; Mryrr and ALDRICH, 1886, Jour. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, (2), p. 50, in footnote, as a variety of D. septemdentata Gabb, 1860; Harris and PALMER, 1947, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 30, (117), p. 336, as a subspecies of D. septemdentata Gabb, 1860. Type locality: ‘‘ Jackson beds,’’ Mississippi and Alabama (Eocene). Occurrences: Eocene—Moodys Branch marl, Jackson, Mississippi (Harris and PALMER, 1947). Remarks: Harris and PALMER (1947:337) treat jacksonensis as a subspecies of D. septemdentata Gabb, 1860, from the Claiborne Eocene, and differentiate the two forms on the characters of the nuclear whorls. This species is referable to the subgenus Personella. kueneni [Persona] KoprrBerG, 1931, Jaarb. van het Mijnwezen in Neder.-Indié for 1930, vol. 7, pp. 118-119, as a subspecies of D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ RopinG, 1798. Type locality: Timor (Pliocene and Plio-Pleistocene). Remarks: Koperberg compares his subspecies with D. ridens (REEVE, 1844), and D. metableta (CoSSMANN, 1903), which have affinities with D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ Ropine, 1798. Unfortunately, it has never been figured. mcgintyi [Distorsio] new name, proposed for Distorsio floridana OLSSON and McGinty, 1951, Nautilus, 65, (1), p. 27, pl. 1, figs. 5, 6, 9, not Distorsio floridana (GARDNER, 1947), U. S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Paper 142-H, p. 535, pl. 53, fig. 8. At the suggestion of Mr. A. A. OLSSON (in litteris), we take pleasure in renaming this interesting discovery in honor of Mr. THomMAs McGINTY, an enthusiastic collector and avid student of Florida shells. For additional data and remarks see cita- tion in this paper to floridana [Distorsio] OLSSON and McGINTY. metableta [Persona] CosSMANN, 1903, Jour. de Conch., vol. 51, p. 159, pl. 6, figs. 4, 5. Type locality: Karikal District, French India (Pliocene). Remarks: COSSMANN states that this species has affinities with Per- sona cancellina ‘‘Roissy’’ [LAMARCK, 1803] which = D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ Roping, 1798. mulus [Murex] DitLwyn, 1817, Descript. Cat. Recent Shells, vol. 2, p. 704. , 102 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Type locality: ‘‘Coasts of Hitoe’’ [Ambon Island = Amboyna Island |. Remarks: DILLWYN refers to several references, including the figures of MarTINI (1773, pl. 41, figs. 405, 406) upon which D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ Ropine, 1798, is based. occidentalis [Distorsio] MorcH, 1877, Malak. Blatter Fort. Zeit. Malak., vol. 24, p. 34, as a subspecies of D. acuta (Prrry, 1811) = D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ RopING, 1798. Localities cited: ‘‘St. Thomas, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Carthagena, Tortola.’’ Remarks: All of Morch’s synonymy references are East Indian; how- ever, all of the localities are West Indian. Inasmuch as there is no figure, it is difficult to ascertain what he had in mind when he pro- posed his subspecies. ) perdistorta [Distorsio] Futon, 1937, Proc. Malac. Soc. London, vol. 23, (1), p. 55; M. Smrrn, 1948, Triton and Harp Shells, p. 22, fig. 11, as “‘D. peridistorta.’’ Type locality: Kii, Japan. Occurrence: Recent—Japanese waters. Remarks: Fulton states that this species possesses affinities with D. ridens (REEVE, 1844); it may represent a geographical subspecies of D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ Ropine, 1798. personatum [Triton] M. pz SrErREs, 1829, Geogn. Terr. Tert., p. 118, pl. 3, figs. 11, 12 [not seen]; BELLARDI, 1872, Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2, vol. 28, p. 261, in the synonymy of D. tortuosa Borson, 1821. Type locality: Italy, (‘‘Tertiary’’). Remarks: BELLARDI (1872-261) places this species in the synonymy of D. tortuosa (Borson, 1821), from the Miocene and Pliocene of Italy. pusilla [Distorsio] PHASE, 1860, Proce. Zool. Soe. London, p. 397; TRYON, 1881, Man. of Conch., vol. 3, p. 35; EDMONDSON, 1946, B. P. Bishop Museum, Spec. Pub. no. 22, p. 148. Type locality: ‘‘Sandwich Islands.’’ Occurrence: Hawaiian Islands (PEASE, 1860; EDMONDSON, 1946). Remarks: Inasmuch as Pease briefly described the species from beach material and did not figure it, many authors allocated the name to the species dubium category; however, its existence is verified by Ed- mondson (1946:143) and it would appear to be a geographical sub- species of D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ Ropina, 1798. reticulata [Distorsio] ‘Bolten’ Ropine, 1798, Museum Boltenianum, pt. 2, p. 133; REEVE, 1844, Conch. Icon., vol. 2, Triton, pl. 12, fig. 45, as T. cancellinus Lamarck; MArTIN-IcKE, 1911, Geol. u. Pal. Ergeb. der Trinil-Exped., p. 49; TrscH, 1913, Jaarb. Mijnw. 1913, Verh., p. 161; TrscH, 1920, Pal. von Timor: 1, vol. 8, p. 69; Martin, 1891- 1922, Samml. Geol. Reichsmus. Leiden, neue folge, vol. 1, p. 145; FIscHEeR, 1927, Pal. von Timor, vol. 15, p. 65; Martin, 1928, Wet. Meded. Dienst Mijnbouw, no. 10, p. 8; M. Smiru, Triton and Harp Shells, p. 23, pl. 8, fig. 10. Type locality: none given. Emerson and Puffer—Catalogue of the Molluscan 103 Occurrences: Recent—Indo-Pacific Faunal Province. Miocene—West Sumatra (Tesch, 1913). Pliocene—Sondé-beds, Java (MArTIN, 1891- 1922; Martin-Icke, 1911); North Sumatra (Martin, 1928); Timor (TescH, 1920); Seran (FiscHER, 1927). Remarks: This Indo-Pacific species has been confused by many au- thors with the West Indian species D. clathrata (LAMARCK, 1816), due to the fact that LAMARCK’s (1822:186) re-evaluated description of this species included references to four figures of D. reticulata ‘Bolten’ Ropimne, 1798. ridens [Triton] REEvE, 1844, Conch. Icon., vol. 2, Triton, pl. 12, fig. 46; REEVE, 1844, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, (12), p. 115; Tryon, 1881, Man. of Conch., vol. 3, p. 285, pl. 17, fig. 35, copy of Reeve’s figure. Type locality: Philippine Islands. Remarks: This apparently represents a variant of D. reticulata ‘Bol- ten’ RopiInG, 1798. ringens [Tritonium] PumiPPi, 1887, Tert. und Quart. Verstein. Chiles, p. 56, pl. 4, fig. 9; Otsson, 1932, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 19, (68), p. 189, as ‘‘ Distorsio decussatus ringens PHILIPPI.’’ Type localities: Navidad and Matanzas, Chile (‘‘Teritary’’). Occurrence: Fossil (‘‘ Tertiary’’—Navidad and Matanzas, Chile (Phi- lippi, 1887); Miocene—Lower Zorritos of Que and Zapotal, Peru (OLSSON, 1932). Remarks: Philippi’s species appears to represent, as indicated by Ols- son (1932:190), a paleo-subspecies of D. decussatus (VALENCIENNES, 1832), which is known in its Recent distribution to range as far south as Lobitas, Peru. rotunda [Distorta] Prrry, 1811, Conch. or Nat. Hist. of Shells, pl. 10, fig. 2. Type locality: ‘‘Southern Ocean.’’ Remarks: On the basis of the figure there is no doubt that this is a junior synonym of D. anus (Linné, 1758). rugosa |Distorta] SCHUMACHER, 1817, Ess. Vers. Test., p. 249. Type locality: none given. Remarks: Schumacher in his synonymy refers this species to D. anus (Linné, 1758). septemdentata [Distorsio] GABB, 1860, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ser. 2, vol. 4, p. 380, pl. 67, fig. 21; ConRAD, 1865, Am. Jour. Conch., vol. 1, p. 21; Tryon, 1881, Man. of Conch., vol. 3, p. 6, pl. 3, fig. 15; COSSMANN, 1903, Eassais Paleo. Comp., vol. 5, p. 104, pl. 4, fig. 16; RENICK and STENZEL, 1931, Univ. Texas Bull., no 3101, pl. 6, fig. 7; WRIGLEY, 1932, Proc. Malae. Soc. London, vol. 20, (2), p. 136, pl. 2, fig. 18; Palmer, 1937, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 7, (32), p. 260, pl. 34, figs. 10, 11; GARDNER, 1945, Mem. Geol. Soc. Am., no. 17, p. 185, pl. 17, figs. 12, 13. Type locality: Cook Mountain formation, Whellock or Caldwell Co., Texas (Middle Eocene), fide GARDNER (1945:185). Occurrences: Eocene—Claibornian of Texas, Louisiana, and Missis- sippi, fide PaALMmR (1937:261), Alabama (GARDNER, 1945); Laredo formation, Nuevo Leon, Mexico (GARDNER, 1945). 104 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Remarks: For synonymy and notes pertaining to this species see PALMER (1937:260) and GARDNER (1945:185). This is the type species of Personella CONRAD, 1865; it is found in the Upper Eocene Jack- son beds in the form of D. septemdentata jacksonensis (MEYER, 1885). smithi [Persona] von MAuTzAN, 1884, Nach. Deutschen Malak. Gesell- schatt, vol,..16," (3), pose. Type locality: Recent—Gorée, Africa, 20-25 meters. Occurrence: known only from type locality. Remarks: Maltzan provided a brief description in which he compared his species with P. ridenti Rrsve [= ? D. ridens (REEvE, 1844), from the Philippines]. As this species was not figured, the generic assign- ment remains doubtful. subclathratum [Triton] D’ORBIGNY, 1852, Prod. Pal. Strat. Univer... ., vol. 3, p. 77; BELLARDI, 1872, Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torimo, ser. 2, vol. 28, p. 261, in the synonymy of D. tortuosa (Borson, 1821). Type localities: DAx, GAAS, LESBARRITZ, and St. Pau, Midi de la France, (‘‘Tertiary’’). Remarks: pD’ORBIGNY refers to ‘‘T7.[riton] clathratum Gratteloup* [sic], 1847, [sic], pl. 1, no. 29, fig. 12 (non LAMARCK)’’ which Bel- lardi (1872:261) places in the synonymy of D. tortuwosa (Borson, 1821). thersites [Tritonium] Puttippi, 1887, Tert. und Quat. Verstein. Chiles, p. 56, pl. 4, fig. 8; OLSson, 1932, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 19, (68), p. 190. Type locality: Navidad beds, Chile, no specific locality given (‘‘ Ter- tiary,’’ ? Miocene). Occurrences: known only from the original description. Remarks: OLSSON (1932:190) compares this species with D. clathrata (LAMARCK, 1816), but its characters cannot be readily interpreted from the original description and illustration of the dorsal aspects. tortuosus [Murex] Borson, 1882, Mem. Reale Accad. Sei. Torino, vol. 26, p. 306, pl. 1, fig. 4; BrtLarpI, 1872, (1), p. 231, pl. 14, fig. 17, pl. 15, fig. 4; Cox, 1936, Mem. e Naticias Pub. Mus. Mineral. e Geol. Univ. Coimbra, no. 9, pp. 4, 13; VAN VOORTHUYSEN, 1944, Meded. Netherl. Geol. Stitching, ser. C—IV—no. 5, p. 54. Type locality: ‘‘Lunghezza,’’ Italy (Tertiary). Occurrences: Miocene—Vienna Basin; Northern Germany?; Nether- lands; S. W. France, Aquitanian, Burdigalian, Tortonian (van Voor- thuysen, 1944). ‘‘Miocene’’—Colli Torinesi, Termo-faura, Rio della Batteria, Villa Farzano, Baldissero Albenga, Italy (Bellardi, 1872). Pliocene—Piemonte, Italy (Plaisancian and Astian); Rhone Valley, S. E. France, (Plaisancian); Catalonia, Spain (Plaisancian and As- tian); Mina, Portugal (Cox, 1936). Remarks: BELLARDI (1872:261) cites the principal synonymy of this species and records Italian Miocene and Pliocene occurrences. Cox (1936:13) lists the European Pliocene records. 4GRATELOUP, J., 1840, ConoHy. foss. des Terr. Tert. du Bassin de Il’ Adour, Atlas. Emerson and Puffer—Catalogue of the Molluscan 105 LITERATURE CITED Abbott, R. T., 1950, The Molluscan Fauna of the Cocos-Keeling Islands, Indian Ocean. Bull. Raffles Mus., Singapore, no. 22, pp. 66-97, text figs. 7, 8. Bellardi, L., 1872, I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziarii del Piemonte e Della Liguria, pt. 1, Mem. Reale Accad. delle Sci. di Torino, ser. 2, vol. 23, pp. 33-294, pls. 1-15. Clark, B. L., 1945, Problems of Speciation and Correlation as applied to Mollusks of the Marine Cenozoic. Journ. of Paleo., vol. 19, (2), pp. 158-172. Cook, C. W., 1928, New Vicksburg (Oligocene) Mollusks from Mexico. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 73, (2731), Art. 10, pp. 1-11, pls. 1, 2. Cox, L. R., 1936, Pliocene Mollusca from Portugal. Mem. e Noticias, no. 9, Pub. do Mus. Mineral. e Geol. da Univ. de Coimbra. Dall, W. H., 1904, An Historical and Systematic Review of the Frog- Shells and Tritons. Smith. Mise. Coll., vol. 47, (1573), pp. 114-144. Edmondson, C. H., 1946, Reef and Shore Fauna of Hawaii. B. P. Bishop Mus. Spec. Pub. no. 22, 381 pp., 223 figs. Fuchs, T., 1870, Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Conchylienfauna des Vicen- tinischen Tertiirgebirges, Denk. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Natur-hist. Classe, vol. 30, pp. 137-216, pls. 1-11. Gardner, Julia, 1945, Mollusca of the Tertiary Formations of Northeast- ern Mexico. Geol. Soc. Am., Mem. no. 11, 332 pp., 27 pls. , 1947, The Molluscan Fauna of the Alum Bluff Group of Florida, pt. 8, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 142-H, pp. 493-656, pls. 52-62. Harris, G. D., and K. V. W. Palmer, 1947, The Mollusca of the Jackson Eocene of the Mississippi Embayment (Sabine River to the Alabama River). Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 30, (117), pp. 209-546, pls. 26-65. Iredale, T., 1929, Strange Molluses in Sydney~ Harbour. Australian Zoologist, vol. 5, (4), pp. 337-352. Johnson, C. W., 1934, List of Marine Mollusca of the Atlantic Coast from Labrador to Texas. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 40, (1), pp. 1-204. Lamarck, J. B. P. A. M. de, 1822, Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebrés, vol. 7, 711 pp. Martini, F. H. W., 1773, Neues Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet, vol. 2, (1, 2), 362 pp., pls. 32-65. Maury, C. J., 1917, Santo Domingo Type Section and Fossils. Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 5, (29), pp. 165-549, 39 pls. , 1925, A Further Contribution to the Paleontology of Trini- dad. Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 10, (42), pp. 158-402, 43 pls. Newell, N. D., 1948, Infraspecifie Categories in Invertebrate Paleon- tology. Journ. of Paleo., vol. 22, (2), pp. 225-232, 2 text figs. Olsson, A. A., 1922, The Miocene of Northern Costa Rica. Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 9, (39), pp. 178-460, 31 pls. , 1932, Contributions to the Tertiary Paleontology of North- ern Peru: pt. 5, The Peruvian Miocene. Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 19 (68), 272 pp., 24 pls. , and T. L. McGinty, 1951, A Distorsio New to the Florida Fauna. The Nautilus, vol. 65, (1), pp. 26-28, figs. 106 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Palmer, K. V. W., 1937, The Claibornian Scaphopoda and Dibranchiate Cephalopoda of Southern United States. Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 7, (32), 2 pts., 548 pp., 90 pls. Pilsbry, H. A., 1922, A Revision of W. M. Gabb’s Tertiary Mollusea of Santo Domingo. Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 73, pp. 305-435, pls. 16-47. , and A. A. Olsson, 1941, A Pliocene Fauna from Western Ecuador. Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 93, pp. 1-79, pls. 1-19. Reeve, L. A., 1844, Conchologia Iconica. vol. 2, Triton—20 pls. Rutsch, Von. R., 1930, Einige interessante Gastropoden aus dem Tertiar der Staaten Faleén und Lara (Venezuela). Eclogae Geol. Helvetiae, vol. 23, (2), pp. 604-614, pl. 17. Schepman, M. M., 1909, The Prosobranchia of the ‘Siboga’ Expedition, pt. 2, Taenioglossa and Ptenoglossa. Monographie 49a, Siboga-Expe- ditie, pp. 110-231, pls. 10-16. Smith, M., 1937, East Coast Marine Shells, 308 pp., 74 pls. ——————., 1948, Triton Helmet and Harp Shells, 57 pp., 16 pls. van Voorthuysen, J. H., Miogiine gastropoden aus dem Peelgebiet (Nie- derlande). Meded. Netherl. Geol. Stichting, ser. C—IV—1—no. 5, 116 pp., 13 pls. Vredenburg, E., 1925, Description of Mollusca from the Post-Eocene Tertiary Formation of North-Western India: Cephalopoda, Opistho- branchiata, Siphonostomata. Mem. Geol. Surv. India, vol. 50, pt. 1, pp. 1-350, pls. 1-13. Watson, R. B., 1886, Report on the Scaphopoda and Gastropoda Col- lected by the H. M. S. ‘Challenger’... Rept. Sci. Res. Voy. H. M. S. ‘Challenger,’ Zool., vol. 15, 756 pp., 53 pls. Weisbord, N. E., 1929, Miocene Mollusea of Northern Colombia. Bull. Am. Pal., vol. 14, (54), pp. 237-310, 9 pls. Woodring, W. P., 1928, Miocene Mollusks from Bowden, Jamaica, pt. 2, Carnegie Inst. of Wash. Pub. no. 385, 564 pp., 40 pls. Wrigley, A., 1932, English Eocene Species of Sassia, with a Note on the Morphology of the Cymatiidae and the Bursidae. Proc. Malac. Soe. London, vol. 20, (2), pp. 127-140, pls. 10, 11. Emerson and Puffer—Catalogue of the Molluscan 107 - Vol. 66, pp. 109-124 August 10, 1953 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DISTORSIO RETICULATA VS. DISTORSIO CLATHRATA IN THE WEST INDIES* (MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA) By ELTon L. PUFFER Department of Paleontology, University of California In the past there has been a great deal of nomenclatural confusion surrounding the Caribbean gastropod commonly re- ferred to as Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK, 1822), and the Indo-Pacific form known as Distorsio reticulata ‘Bolten’ Ropine, 1798. This confusion between two distinct species from opposite sides of the world arose when Lamarck (1822) modified his original concept of Triton clathratum (1816) and included many East Indian figures and references in his re- evaluation of the species. Actually, as was pointed out by IREDALE (1929 :34) and various subsequent authors, the West Indian Distorsio should date from LAmaArcK’s figures and name (1816) and not from his description of 1822. LAMARCK (1816) figured and named Triton clathratum ; however, when LAMARCK (1822) described in some detail Triton clathratum, of the five references listed, only one refers to the West Indian species, the other four refer to Distorsio reticulata ‘Bolten’ ROpING, 1798, an East Indian species. LAMARCK (1822:186) stated that his species was found in the South American seas; however, in the same paper (576-577) he reports this species as a fossil from Grignon (Eocene) and living in the South- ern Ocean. Apparently, LAMARCK used material from both the West Indies and East Indies in his 1822 description. As no Distorsio has since been reported from Grignon, see PmsBry (1922:358), we must assume that Lamarck’s locality data was incorrect or that he confused his recent material with Distorsio tortuosum (BoRSON, 1822:306-307) from the Miocene of Italy. This unwarranted combination was perpetuated and added to as the years passed; authors names were confused, plate references altered, localities switched half-way around the world, with general confusion the result. Distorsio reticulata has been recorded WPin the West Indies and Distorsio clathrata has been reported from the East Indies and vice versa. Distorsio reticulata ‘Bolten’ ROpING, 1798, in itself, has at least six junior synonyms and one questionable sub- species, it has had several generic assignments, and has had several . authors’ names confused with those of the original authors of the various descriptions and redescriptions. When the troubled history of Distorsio reticulata is added to the confusing 1822 description of Dis- *Contribution from the Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley, California. Lope Sage. f JY LIBRARY \ 17—Proo. Biot. Soc. WASH., VOL. 66, 1953 i Aug L 4 1953 110 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington torsio clathrata, a perplexing problem immediately faces any worker attempting to investigate these two species. Synonyms of the species have been interchanged, and to this date, the names of junior synonyms of the East Indian Distorsio reticulata are being applied to species from the Atlantic Ocean. It is hoped that the summaries to follow, with the pertinent references, will partially rectify the problem. Apparently there are no valid applicable synonyms based on Recent representatives of Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK, 1816), outside of a number of East Indian names that have been applied in error; however, there is at least one questionable synonym based on fossil material. GARDNER’S (1947) Personella floridana of the Middle Miocene of Florida may possibly be a junior synonym of Distorsio clathrata, but as the author has not seen the type material he reserves judgment to a later date and questionably places Personella floridana GARDNER, 1947, in the synonymy of Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK, 1816). In recapitulation, Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK, 1816) has a known geologic range from Middle Miocene to Recent; fossils referable to this species have been reported from the Miocene of Jamaica, Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela, and questionably Florida; it is known from the Mio-Pliocene of Venezuela; and the Pleistocene of Colombia, Venezuela, and questionably Louisiana. The known Recent distribution of this species is from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, through the Florida Keys and the West Indies to the coast of South America; this species ranges westward to Texas, Eastern Mexico, Eastern Panama, and Northern Colombia; and eastward to the Cape Verde Islands and the coast of West Africa. In comparison, Distorsio reticulata ‘Bolten’ RopING, 1798, has a known geologic range of Upper Miocene to Recent; it has been reported from the Miocene of Sumatra; the Pliocene of Java, Ceram, Timor, Sumatra, and French India; and the Plio-Pleistocene of Timor. This species has a known Recent distribution extending from the west- ern Indian Ocean [Red Sea ?] through Ceylon, the East Indies, and the Philippines to the area generally referred to as Polynesia; from these areas, the species ranges northward along the coast of China to southern Japan, its southernmost recorded range is the northern coast of Australia and questionably New South Wales. Acknowledgements—Dr. J. Wyatt Durham, Museum of Paleontology, University of California; Dr. Leo G. Hertlein, Division of Paleontology, California Academy of Sciences; and Dr. A. Myra Keen, School of Min- eral Sciences, Stanford University, have aided the author substantially in his attempt to solve this particular nomenclatural problem. The anu- thor is especially indebted to Mr. William K. Emerson, Museum of Paleontology, University of California, for his active interest in the problem and for his many valuable suggestions. Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK, 1816) Plate VI, Figures 3a, 3b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b; Plate VII, Figures 2a, 2b, 3a, SD, Da, 90, 0, 7a, ave % 1798 Distorsio Clatrata ‘Bolten’ Roépine, Mus. Boltenianum, pt. 2, p. 133, nude name, [error for ‘‘clathrata’’ fide DaLu (1915:29) J. 1816 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, Encyclop. Méth., pl., 413, figs. 4a, 4b, Liste p. 4, not Triton clathratum SoweERBy (1833:71). Puffer—Distorsio Reticulata vs. Distorsio Clathrata 111 1822 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, Hist. Nat. An. s. Vert., vol. 7, p. 186, [South American seas], in part, reference to figures of Lamarck (1816) only. 1832 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, DESHAYES, Encyclop. Méth. Hist. Nat. des Vers, vol. 3, p. 1061, in part, reference to figures of La- MARCK (1816) only. 1838 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, PoTIEz and MIcHAUD, Gal. des Moll., no. 8, p. 422, [South America], in part, reference to figures of LAMARCK (1816) only. 1842 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, KIENER, Spécies Gén. et Icon., vol. 7, pp. 21-22, [South America], in part, reference to South America only. 1843 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, DESHAYES and MILNE-EDWARDS, Hist. Nat. An. s. Vert., ed. 2, vol. 9, pp. 637-638, [South American seas], in part, reference to figures of LAMARCK (1816) only. 1864 Tritonium reticulare LINNE, Kress, The West Indian Marine Shells, p. 24 [Antillae; Guadeloupe; Jamaica; Carthagena; Tortola], not LINNE (1767: 1218), reference to 7. clathratum LAMARCK, and locali- ties only. 1866 Persona simillima SowERBY, GUPPY, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soe. London, vol. 22, pt. 1, p. 288, pl. 17, fig. 13, [Tertiary of Jamaica], not SOWERBY (1850:48). 1877 Distorsio clathrata LAMARCK, Morcu, Malak. Blatter, vol. 24, p.. 34, [Porto Rico; St. Thomas; Haiti; South American seas; Catin- guiba], in part, references to figures of LAMARCK (1816), and locali- ties only. 1877 Distorsio acuta Perry occidentalis Morcu, Malak. Blatter, vol. 24, p. 34, [St. Thomas; Guadeloupe; Jamaica; Carthagena; Tortola], in part, reference to localities only. 1877 Distorsio cancellata Roissy, Morcy, Nachrichtsblatt, vol. 9, p. 59, [West Indies], not Roissy (1805:56) fide WATSON (1886:395). 1878 Persona cancellina Roissy, KoBeut, Jahrb. Deutschen Malak. Gesel., vol. 5, p. 370, [West Indies], in part, reference to West Indies only, not Roissy (1805:56) fide Warson (1886:395). 1881 Distorsio cancellinus Roissy, TRYON, Man. of Conch., vol. 3, p. 35, [St. Thomas and other West Indian islands], in part, reference to West Indian localities only, not Roissy (1805:56) fide WATSON (1886 :395). 1883 Distorsio cancellinus Roissy, TRYON, Struct. and Syst. Conch., vol. 2, p. 124, [West Indies], in part, reference to West Indies only, not Roissy (1805:56) fide WATSON (1886:395). 1889 Distortrix reticulata LinK, DALL, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. [Har- vard], vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 221-222, [Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Grenada; Barbados; Key West; Tortola; Cape Hatteras], in part, reference to localities only, not LinK (1807:123). 1889 Distortriz reticulata LINK, DALL, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 37, pp. 132-133, [Cape Hatteras, North Carolina to Barbados], in part, reference to localities only, not LiInK (1807:123). 1901 Distortrix reticulata LINK, DALL and Simpson, U. S. Fish. Com. Bull. for 1900, vol. 1, p. 416, [Mayaguez, Porto Rico], in part, ref- erence to locality only, not Link (1807:123). # 1901 Distortriz reticulata clathrata LAMARCK, DALL and SIMPSON, U. S. Fish Com. Bull. for 1900, vol. 1, p. 416, [Mayaguez, Porto Rico]. 112 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 1922 Distortio reticulata LINK, Maury, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 9, no. 38, p. 115, [Cape Hatteras, North Carolina to Barbados, West Florida and Mustang Island, Texas], in part, reference to localities only, not LINK (1807:123). # 1922 Distortio reticulata clathratus LAMARCK, Maury, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 9, no. 38, p. 115, [Porto Rico and the Gulf of Mexico near Key West, also at Chandeleurs, Louisiana; Pleistocene, New Orleans pumping station No. 7]. 1922 Distorsio clathrata LAMARCK, PILSBRY, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 73, pp. 357, 359, [Antillean]. 1928 Distorsio (Distorsio) clathratus gatunensis TouLA, WoopRINe, Carnegie Instn. Wash., Pub. 385, pp. 300-302, pl. 19, figs. 2, 3, [‘‘ Miocene, Cumana, Venezuela’’ (Guppy). Bowden, Jamaica (Mid- dle Miocene) |], in part, reference to Venezuela and Jamaica localities, text, and figures only, not Touua (1909:700-701). 1929 Distorsio aff. gatunensis TouLA, WEISBORD, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 14, no. 54, p. 273, pl. 8, fig. 3, [near Usiacuri, Atlantico, Columbia (Miocene) ], in part, text, figure, and locality only, not TouLAa (1909:700-701). 1930 Distorsio clathratus LAMARCK, RuTscH, Eclog. Geol. Helvetiae, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 607-610, pl. 17, figs. 4, 5, [Mio-Pliocene—Punta Zamuro, Puerto Cumarebo, and Sabanas Atlas, Faleén, Venezuela; Quarternary —Cabo Blanco near La Guaira, Distrito Federal, Venezuela]. 1934 Distorsio clathrata LAMARCK, JOHNSON, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 40, no. 1, p. 114, [Cape Hatteras, North Carolina; Florida Keys and the West Indies], in part, not reference to Distorsio reticu- lata LINK. 1935 Distorsio clathratus gatunensis TouLA, ScHUCHERT, Hist. Geol. Antillean-Caribbean Region, p. 376, [Tuxtepec formation (Middle Miocene) of Veracruz, Oaxaca, and Chiapas, Mexico], in part, Mexi- ean localities only, not TouLa (1909:700-701). 1942 Distorsio clathrata LAMARCK, WEBB, U.S. Moll., p. 43, pl. 15, fig. 2, [Florida Keys]. ? 1947 Personella floridana GARDNER, U. S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Paper 142-H, pp. 535-536, pl. 53, fig. 8, [Shoal River formation of the Alum Bluff Group (Middle Miocene), Walton County, Florida]. 1948 Distorsio clathratus LAMARCK, M. SmitH, Triton Helmet and Harp Shells, p. 22, pl. 8, figs. 6, 12, [South Florida; West Indies; off Cape Hatteras; Limon Bay, Panama (CLARK) ], in part, not reference to Distorsio reticulata LINK. 1950 Distortrix ridens REEVE, NickuES, Moll. Test. Marins . . ., Man. Ouest-Africains, vol. 2, pp. 86-87, fig. 133, [Antilles; Cape Verde Islands; Senegal; French Congo; Belgian Congo], in part, text, figure, and localities only, not REEVE (1844: Triton sp. 46), not REEVE (1844a:115). 1951 Distorsio clathrata LAMARCK, Morris, A Field Guide to the Shells of Our Atlantic and Gulf States, p. 179, pl. 14, fig. 4, [Florida to the West Indies]. 1951 Distorsio clathrata LAMARCK, OLSSON and McGinty, Nautilus, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 26-28, pl. 1, figs. 10-12, [Florida and West Atlantic waters J. Puffer—Distorsio Reticulata vs. Distorsio Clathrata 113 1951 Distorsio clathrata LAMARCK, M. SMITH, East Coast Marine Shells, ed. 4, p. 133, pl. 42, fig. 8, [Lake Worth, Florida to the West Indies], in part, not reference to Distorsio reticulata LINK. 1952 Distorsio clathrata LAMARCK, PULLEY, Texas Jour. Sci., vol. 4, no. 2, p. 175, pl. 2, fig. 10, [off Port Isabel, Texas; beaches of Mustang Island and Padre Island, Texas]. Distorsio reticulata ‘Bolten’ Ropine, 1798 Plate VI, Figures la, 1b, 2a, 2b, 4a, 4b; Plate VII, Figures la, 1b, 4a, 4b. ? 1742 GUALTIERI, Index Test., pl. 31, fig. D. 1758 Sepa, Loc. Rerum Nat. Thes...., pp. 159-160, pl. 60, fig. 5. 1773 MARTINI, Neues Syst. Conch.-Cab., vol. 2, pt. 1, pp. 85-86, pt. 2, pl. 41, figs. 405, 406, [Coast of Hitoe = northern peninsula of Ambon (Amboina) Isiand, East Indies—Lat. 3°35’ S., Long. 128°10’ E.], in part, references to RUMPHIUS (1741:28—locality) and figures of Seba (1758, in part, fig. 5, not fig. 6) only. 1780 FAVANNE, La Conchyliologie, ed. 3, pl. 31, fig. H2. 1783 ScHROETER, Ein]. in die Conch., vol. 1, Murex no. 3, pp. 543-544, refers to the figures of SEBA (1758) and MARTINI (1773). 1790 Murex anus [variety Beta] GMELIN, [in} Linn&é Syst. Nat., ed. 13, vol. 1, pt. 6, p. 3536, [South Asia], in part, reference to figure of GUALTIERI (1742) and Asian locality only. 1798 Distorsio Reticulata ‘Bolten’ Répine, Mus. Boltenianum, pt. 2, p. 133, refers to the figures of MARTINI (1773). 1803 Murex cancellinus LAMARCK, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, vol. 2, p. 225, [Southern Ocean], in part, references to the Southern Ocean and to the figures of MARTINI (1773) only. 1805 Murex cancellinus [LAMARCK] Roissy, Burron Hist. Nat., Moll., vol. 6, p. 56, sp. 12, fide Warson (1886:395). 1807 Distortriz reticulata Link, Besch. der. Nat.-Samml. Univ. Rostock, pt. a. 123, refers to the figures of MARTINI (1773) and to BOLTEN (1798). 1811 Distorta acuta Prrry, Conchology, pl. 10, fig. 1, [New South Wales]. 1817 Murex mulus Dittwyn, Descript. Cat. Recent Shells, vol. 2, p. 704, [Coasts of Hitoe], refers to RuMpHIUS (1741-28—locality); the figures of GUALTIERI (1742); SmBa (1758); Martini (1773); and FAVANNE (1780); the text of ScHroeTerR (1783) and GMELIN (1790). 1822 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, Hist. Nat. An. s. Vert., vol. 7, p. 186, in part, references to figures of GUALTIERI (1742); MARTINI (1773); and FAvANNE (1780) only; pp. 576-577, [Southern Ocean], in part, references to Southern Ocean and LAMARCK (1803 [in part]) only. 1825 Murex mulus [DILLWwyN] Woop, Index Test., p. 123, pl. 26, fig. 46b, [Coasts of Hitoe], refers to the figures of GUALTIERI (1742); Mar- TINI (1773); and FAVANNE (1780). 1832 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, DESHAYES, Encyclop. Méth. Hist. Nat. des Vers, vol. 3, p. 1061, in part, references to the figures of GUAL- TIERI (1742) ; Martini (1773) ; FAVANNE (1780); and Perry (1811); and the text of LAMARCK (1822:186 [in part]) only. 1836 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, JAY, Cat. Recent Shells, p. 57, [East Indies], in part, not LamMARcK (1816), but LAMARCK (1822) in part. 114 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 1838 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, PoTiEZ and MicHAup, Gal. des. Moll., vol. 1, no. 8, p. 422, in part, references to the figures of GAULTIERI (1742) and Martini (1773) and to the text of Lamarck (1803 [in part]) and Lamarck (1822:186 [in part]) only. 1842 Triton Clathratum LAMARCK, HANLEY, The Conchologist’s Book of Species, pp. 93-94, 154, [East Indies], in part, not LAMARCK (1816), but LAMARCK (1822) in part. 1842 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, KIENER, Spécies Gén. et Icon., vol. 7, pp. 21-22, pl. 14, fig. 1, [China], in part, reference to figure of GUALTIERI (1742) and China locality only, not LAMARcK (1816), but LAMARCK (1822) in part. 1843 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, DESHAYES and MILNE-EpwaArps, Hist. Nat. An. s. Vert., ed. 2, vol. 9, pp. 637-638, in part, references to the figures of GUALTIERI (1742); Sepa (1758); MaArrin« (1773); Fa- VANNE (1780) ; Perry (1811); Woop (1825: fig. 46b. not fig. 46); and KIENER (1842) and the text of Roissy (1805); Dimnuwyn (1817); DESHAYES (1832 [in part]); and Porrez and MicHAup (1838 [in part]) only, not LAMARcK (1816), but LAMARCK (1822) in part. 1844 Triton cancellinus LAMARCK, REEVE, Conch. Icon., vol. 2, Triton sp. 45, pl. 12, fig. 45, [Ceylon, Philippine Islands]. 1844 Triton ridens REEVE, Conch. Icon., vol. 2, Triton sp. 46, pl. 12, fig. 46, [Philippine Islands]. 1844 Triton decipiens REEVE, Conch. Icon., vol. 2, Triton sp. 102, pl. 20, fig. 102, [Mindanao Island, Philippines]. 1844 Triton ridens ReEvp, Proce. Zool. Soe. London, pt. 12, p. 115, [Philippine Islands], refers to REEVE (1844: Triton sp. 46). 1844 Triton decipiens REEVE, Proce. Zool. Soe. London, pt. 12, pp. 121-122, [Island of Mindanao, Philippines], refers to ReEvn (1844: Triton sp. 102). 1853 Distorsio cancellina DESHAYES, H. ADAMS and A. ADAMS, Gen. Recent Moll., vol. 1, pp. 104-105; vol. 3, pl. 11, fig. 2, as Distortio cancellina. 1853 Distorsio decipiens REEVE, H. ADAMS and A. ADAMS, Gen. Recent Moll, vol. 1, p.. 1:05. 1853 Distorsio ridens Rerve, H. ADAMS and A. ADAMS, Gen. Recent Moll., vol. 1, p. 105. 1853 Distorsio reticulata Linné [sic], H. ADAMS and A. ADAMS, Gen. Recent Moll., vol. 1, p. 105. 1856 Triton clathratum LAMARCK, HANLEY, Wood’s Index Test., p. 129, pl. 26, fig. 46b [Ceylon], refers to the figures of KIENER (1842) and REEVE (1844: Triton sp. 45), not LAMARCK (1816), but LAMARCK (1822) in part. 1859 Persona ridens REEVE, CHENU, Man. de Conch., vol. 1, p. 155, fig. 706. 1859 Persona clathrata LAMARCK, CHENU, Man. de Conch., vol. 1, p. 155, fig. 707, not LAMARCK (1816), but LaMARCK (1822) im part. 1877 Distorsio clathrata LAMARCK, Morcu, Malak. Blatter, vol. 24, p. 34, in part, reference to figure of GUALTIERI (1742) only. 1877 Distorsio acuta PERRY occidentalis MorcH, Malak. Blatter, vol. 24, p. 34, in part, references to figures of MARTINI (1773) ; Perry (1811); Woop (1825); and Krener (1842: pl. 14, fig. 1, not pl. 11, fig. 1); and text of Bolten (1798) and DitLwyn (1817) only. Puffer—Distorsio Reticulata vs. Distorsio Clathrata 115 1877 Distorsio acuta PrERRy, Morcu, Nachrichtsblatt, vol. 9, p. 59, [East Indies]. 1878 Persona cancellina Roissy, Koseut, Jahrb. Deutschen Malak. Gesel. vol. 5, p. 370, [Hast Indies], in part, reference to East Indies only. 1878 Persona decipiens REEVE, KoBELT, Jahrb. Deutschen Malak. Gesel. vol. 5, p. 370 [Philippines] refers to RrEvp (1844: Triton sp. 102) and REEVE (1844a). 1878 Persona ridens REEVE, KosEut, Jahrb. Deutschen Malak. Gesel., vol. 5, p. 370, [Philippines], refers to CHENU (1859: fig. 706). 1878 Persona cancellina Roissy, KoBeut, Jahrb. Deutschen Malak. Gesel., vol. 5, p. 370, [East Indies], in part, references to East Indies; fig- ures of PERRY (1811: pl. 10, not pl. 11); Krener (1842); and CHENU (1859: fig. 707); and text of Roissy (1805); DrsHAYES and MILNE-EpwaArps (1843 [in part]); and Moércu, (1877: D. clathrata) only. 1881 Distorsio cancellinus Roissy, Tryon, Man. of Conch., vol 3, p. 35, pl. 17, figs. 175, 177, 178, [Ceylon; China; Philippines], in part, cited figures and localities only. 1883 Distorsio cancellinus Roissy, Tryon, Struct. and Syst. Conch., vol. 2, p. 124, pl. 46, fig. 64, [Red Sea; China; Polynesia], in part, references to Indo-Pacific localities and cited figure only. 1895 Distortrix reticulata LINK, PiLsBRy, Cat. Mar. Moll. Japan, p. 47, [Japan], in part, not reference to REEVE (1844: Triton sp. 41). 1903 Persona metableta COSSMANN, Jour. de Conch., vol. 51, pp. 159-160, pl. 6, figs. 4, 5, [Karikal District, French India (Pliocene) ]. 1908 Distorsio cancellinus Roissy, Rogers, The Shell Book, p. 54, pl. 11, figs. 1, 2. 1909 Distortrix cancellinus Roissy, SCHEPMAN, Prosobranchia Siboga Exped., pp. 113-114, [Madura Strait; Bay of Bima; Manipa Island; Timor Sea]. 1922 Distorsio reticulata LINK, PILSBRY, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 73, pp. 357-359, [Oriental]. 1928 Distortrix cancellinus Roissy, FAUSTINO, Sum. Philippine Mar. and Fresh-Water Moll. ,p. 232, [Cebu; Mindanao]. 1931 Persona (Distorsio) reticulata Kueneni KoPERBERG, Jaarb. Mijn- wezen Nederl.-Indié for 1930, vol. 7, pp. 118-119, (Pliocene and Plio- Pleistocene of Timor). 1931 Persona reticulata LINNE [sic], VAN DER VLERK, Leid. Geol. Meded., vol. 5, p. 240, [Upper Miocene and Pliocene of the East Indies], refers to other works that give the following geologic time ranges: Sondé beds of Java [Lower and Upper Pliocene]; Upper Miocene of West Sumatra; Pliocene of North Sumatra; Pliocene of Timor; and Plio- cene of Seran. 1948 Distorsio reticulatus RorpINc, M. SMITH, Triton Helmet and Harp Shells, p. 23, pl. 8, fig. 10, [Indian Ocean; China; Philippines]. 1948 Distorsio (Persona) ridens, REEVE, WrBB, Handbook for Shell Collectors, p. 105, pl. 51, fig. 10, [Hong Kong]. 1951 Distorsio reticulata Ropine, Hrrase, A Handbook of Ill. Shells, pl. 96, fig. 5, [Wakayama-ken, Honshu Island, Japan]. 116 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington LITERATURE CITED Adams, H., and A. Adams, 1853, The Genera of Recent Mollusca, vol. 1, pt. 4, pp. 97-128; vol. 3, pt. 3, pls. 9-12. Bolten, J. F. [and P. F. Roding], 1798, Museum Boltenianum, pt. 2, viii, 199 pp. Borson, S., 1822, Continuazione del Saggio di Orittografia Piemontese, Mem. Reale Accad. Sei. Torino, vol. 26, pp. 297-364, pls. 11, 12. Chenu, J. C., 1859, Manuel de Conchyliologie et de Paléontologie Con- chyliologique, vol. 1, 508 pp., 3707 figs. Cossmann, M., 1903, Faune Pliocénique de Karikal (Inde Francaise), Jour de Conch., vol. 51, pp. 105-173, pls. 3-6. Dall, W. H., 1889, Reports on the Results of Dredging ... in the Gulf of Mexico (1877-78) and in the Caribbean Sea (1879-80) by the U. S. Coast Survey Steamer Blake, pt. 2, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. [Harvard], vol. 18, no. 6, 492 pp., 40 pls. , 1889a, A Preliminary Catalogue of the Shell-Bearing Marine Mollusks and Brachipods of the Southeastern Coast of the United States, with Illustrations of many of the Species, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 37, 232 pp., 95 pls. , 1915, An Index to the Museum Boltenianum, Smithsonian Inst. Pub. 2360, 64 pp. , and C. T. Simpson, 1901, The Mollusca of Porto Rico, U. S. Fish Commission Bull. for 1900, vol. 1, pp. 351-524, pls. 53-58. Deshayes, G. P., 1832, Encyclopédie Méthodique Histoire Naturelle des Vers, vol. 3, pp. 595-1152. , and H. Milne-Edwards, 1843, Histoire Naturelle des Ani- maux sans Vertébres, ed. 2, vol. 9, 725 pp. Dillwyn, L. W., 1817, A Descriptive Catalogue of Recent Shells, vol. 2, pp. 581-1092. Faustino, L. A., 1928, Summary of Philippine Marine and Fresh-Water Mollusks, 384 pp. Favanne, J. de, 1780, [in] A. J. Dézallier d’Argenville La Conehylio- logie, ed. 3, 80 pls. Gardner, Julia, 1947, The Molluscan Fauna of the Alum Bluff Group of Florida, pt. 8, U. S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Paper 142-8, pp. 493-656, pls. 52-62. Gmelin, J. F., 1790, [in] Linné Systema Naturae, ed. 13, vol. 1, pt. 6, pp. 3021-3910. Gualtieri, N., 1742, Index Testarum, 110 pls. Guppy, R. J. L., 1866, On the Tertiary Mollusca of Jamaica, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soe. London, vol. 22, pt. 1, pp. 281-295, pls. 16-18. Hanley, S., 1842, The Conchologist’s Book of Species, 154 pp., 1 pl., 37 figs. , 1856, Wood’s Index Testaceologicus, an Illustrated Cata- logue of British and Foreign Shells, 234 pp., 46 pls. Hirase, S., 1951, A Handbook of Illustrated Shells, xxvii, 180 pp., 134 pls. Tredale, T., 1929, Strange Molluscs in Sydney Harbour, The Australian Zoologist, vol. 5, pt. 4, pp. 337-352, pls. 37, 38. Jay, J. C., 1836, A Catalogue of Recent Shells, 88 pl., 4 pls. Puffer—Distorsio Reticulata vs. Distorsio Clathrata 117 Johnson, C. W., 1934, List of Marine Mollusea of the Atlantic Coast from Labrador to Texas, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 40, no. 1, 203 pp. Kiener, L. C., 1842, Spécies Général et Iconographie des Coquilles Vi- vantes, vol. 7, Triton, 48 pp., 18 pls. Kobelt, W., 1878, Catalog der Gattung Persona Montfort (Distorsio Bolten), Jahrb. Deutschen Malak. Gesel., vol. 5, p. 370. Koperberg, E. J., 1931, Jungertiare und Quartire Mollusken von Timor, 2e Nederlandsche Timor-Expeditie 1916, Jaarb. Mijnwezen Neder- Indié for 1930, vol. 7, 165 pp., 3 pls. Krebs, H., 1864, The West Indian Marine Shells, 137 pp.—a reproduc- tion by W. J. Clench, C. G. Aguayo, and R. D. Turner appearing in four installments of Revista de la Sociedad Malacolégica ‘‘Carlos de la Torre,’’ April 1947-November 1948. Lamarck, J. B. P. A. M. de, 1803, Suite des Mémoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, vol. 2, pp. 217-227. , 1816, Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique des Trois Régnes de la Nature, vol. 4, pt. 23, pls. 391-488. , 1822, Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertébres, vol. 7, TL) Pp. Link, H. F., 1807, Beschreibung der Naturalien-Sammlung der Universi- tit zu Rostock, pt. 3, pp. 101-165. Linné, C. von, 1758, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, vol. 1, 824 pp. , 1767, Systema Naturae, ed. 12, vol. 1, pt. 2, pp. 533-1328. Martini, F. H. W., 1773, Neues Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet, vol. 2, pts. 1, 2, 362 pp., pls. 32-65. Maury, Carlotta J., 1922, Recent Mollusea of the Gulf of Mexico and Pleistocene and Pliocene Species from the Gulf States, Part 2, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 9, no. 38, pp. 34-172. Morch, O. A. L., 1877, Synopsis molluscorum marinorum Indiarum ocei- dentalium imprimis Insularum danicarum, Malak. Blatter Fortset. Zeitsch. Malak., vol. 24, pp. 14-66. , 1877a, Conchologische Mittheilungen, Nachrichtsblatt Deuts- chen Malak. Gesel., vol. 9, pp. 58-59. Morris, P. A., 1951, A Field Guide to the Shells of our Atlantie and Gulf States, 236 pp., 45 pls. Nicklés, M., 1950, Mollusques Testacés de la Cote Occidentale D’Afrique, Manuels Ouest-Africains, vol. 2, x, 269 pp., 459 figs. Olsson, A. A. and T. L. McGinty, 1951, A Distorsio New to the Florida Fauna, Nautilus, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 26-28, pl. 1, figs. 5, 6, 9-12. Perry, G., 1811, Conchology, or the Natural History of Shells, 60 pls. Pilsbry, H. A., 1895, Catalogue of the Marine Mollusks of Japan, 196 pp., 11 pls. , 1922, A Revision of W. M. Gabb’s Tertiary Mollusea of Santo Domingo, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 73, pp. 305-435, pls. 16-47. Potiez, V. L. V., and A. L. G. Michaud, 1838, Galerie des Mollusques, ou Catalogue Methodique, Descriptif et Raisonné des Mollusques et Coquilles du Muséum de Donai, vol. 1, 285 pp. Pulley, T. E., 1952, An Illustrated Check List of the Marine Mollusks of Texas, Texas Jour. Sci., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 167-199, pls. 1-13. 118 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Reeve, L. A., 1844, Conchologia Iconica, vol. 2, Triton pls. 1-20. , 1884a, Descriptions of new species of Tritons, collected chiefly by H. Cuming, Esq. in the Philippine Islands, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, pt. 12, pp. 110-122. Rogers, Julia E., 1908, The Shell Book, 463 pp., 87 pls. Rumphius [Rumpf], G. E., 1741, D’Amboinsche Rariteitkamer, of eene Beschryvinge van Allerhande Schaalvisschen; benevens de Voornaamste Hoorntjes en Schulpen, alsookzommige, mineraalen, gesteenten, enz., 340 pp., 60 pls. Rutsch, R. von, 1930, Einige interessante Gastropoden aus dem Tertidr der Staaten Faleén und Lara (Venezuela), Eclog. geol. Helvetiae, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 604-614, pl. 17. Schepman, M. M., 1909, The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition, Part 2, Taenioglossa and Ptenoglossa, pp. 110-231, pls. 10-16. Schroeter, J. S., 1783, Einleitung in die Conchylienkenntniss nach Linné, vol. 1, xxxii, 862 pp., 3 pls. Schuchert, C., 1935, Historical Geology of the Antillean-Caribbean Re- gion, 811 pp. Seba, A., 1758, Locupletissimi Rerum Naturalium Thesauri accurata descriptio et Iconibus artificiosissimis expressio per universam physices historiam, vol. 3, 212 pp., 116 pls. Smith, M., 1948, Triton Helmet and Harp Shells, 57 pp., 16 pls. , 1951, East Coast Marine Shells, ed. 4, 314 pp., 77 pls., 54 figs., 1 map. Sowerby, G. B., 1833, Characters of New Species of Mollusca and Con- chifera collected by Mr. Cuming, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, pp. 16-22, 34-38, 54, 70-74, 83-85, 134-139. , 1850, Descriptions of New Species of Fossil Shells found by J. S. Heniker, Esq., Quart. Jour. Geol. Soe. London, vol. 6, pt. 1, pp. 44-53, pls. 9-10. Toula, F., 1909, Eine jugtertidre Fauna von Gatun am Panama-Kanal, Jahrb. Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Geol. Reichsanstalt, vol. 58, pp. 673-760, pls. 25-28. Tryon, G. W., 1881, Manual of Conchology, vol. 3, 310 pp., 87 pls. , 1883, Structural and Systematic Conchoology, vol. 2, pp. 1- 430, pls. 23-91. van der Vlerk, I. M., 1931, Caenozoic Amphineura, Gastropoda, Lamelli- branchiata, Scaphopoda, Leid. Geol. Meded., vol. 5, pp. 206-296. Watson, R. B., 1886, Report on the Scaphopoda and Gastropoda Col- lected by the H. M. S. Challenger ... Rept. Sci. Res. Voy. H. M. S. Challenger, Zool., vol. 15, 756 pp., 53 pls. Webb, W. F., 1942, United States Mollusca, 220 pp., 63 pls. , 1948, Handbook for Shell Collectors, 236 pp., 97 pls. Weisbord, N. E., 1929, Miocene Mollusca of Northern Columbia, Bull. Am. Paleo., vol. 14, no. 54, pp. 235-307, pls. 36-44. Wood, W., 1825, Index Testaceologicus; or a Catalogue of Shells, British and Foreign, arranged according to the Linnean System, xxxii, 188 pp., 38 pls. Woodring, W. P., 1928, Miocene Mollusks from Bowden, Jamaica, Part. 2, Carnegie Instn. Washington, Pub. 385, 564 pp., 40 pls. a Puffer—Distorsto Reticulata vs. Distorsio Clathraia 119 EXPLANATION OF PLATE VI Figures la, 1b. Distorsio reticulata ‘Bolten’ Roping. ‘‘ Lower Pliocene,’’ Atjeh Province, Sumatra. Length 51 mm., maximum diameter 26 mm. Hypotype No. 33361 (Univ. Calif. Mus. Paleo. Type Coll.). Figures 2a, 2b. Distorsio riticulata ‘Bolten’ RépING. Recent, China. Length 67 mm., maximum diameter 37 mm. Hypotype No. 33362 (Univ. Calif. Mus. Paleo. Type Coll.) Note double spiral cording on shoulder of body whorl in figure 2b. Figures 3a, 3b. Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK). Pleistocene, La Cieba, Atlantico, Colombia. Length 48 mm., maximum diameter 29 mm. Hypotype No. 33363 (Univ. Calif. Mus. Paleo. Type Coll.). Note prominent third tooth within the outer lip in figure 3a. Figures 4a, 4b. Distorsio reticulata ‘Bolten’ Roping. Upper Pliocene, Type Bodjong formation, Bantam Province, Java. Length 33 mm., maximum diameter 19 mm. Hypotype No. 33364 (Univ. Calif. Mus. Paleo. Type Coll.). Figures 5a, 5b. Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK). Middle Miocene, Type Bowden formation, Bowden, Jamaica. Length 53 mm., maximum di- ameter 30 mm. Hypotype No. 33366 (Univ. Calif. Mus. Paleo. Type Coll.). Figures 6a, 6b. Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK). Undifferentiated Mio- cene, near San Eulalio, Veracruz, Mexico. Length 24 mm., maxi- mum diameter 16 mm. Hypotype No. 33367 (Univ. Calif. Mus. Paleo. Type Coll.). Note body whorl sculptured with regularly spaced spirals lacking any indication of bilirate ridges or of a keel on the shoulder. PLATE VI Puffer—Distorsio Reticulata vs. Distorsio Clathrata 121 EXPLANATION OF PLATE VII Figures la, 1b. Distorsio reticulata ‘Bolten’ Roping. Recent, Idi. Atjeh Province, Sumatra. Length 50 mm., maximum diameter 27 mm. Hypo- type No. 33368 (Univ. Calif. Mus. Paleo. Type Coll.). Note. that in figure la the primary teeth within the outer lip are nearly equal in size as opposed to the prominent development of the third tooth in D. clathrata. Figure 2a. ‘‘Triton clathratum,’’ after LAMARCK, 1816, plate 413, figure 4b. Figure 2b. ‘‘Triton clathratum,’’ after LAMARCK, 1816, plate 413, figure 4a. Figures 3a, 3b. Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK). Recent, Limon Bay, Panama. Length 50 mm., maximum diameter 28 mm. Hypotype No. 8110 (Stanford Univ. Paleo. Type Coll.). Figures 4a, 4b. Distorsio reticulata ‘Bolten’ Roépine. Recent, Indo- Pacific Region. Length 44 mm., maximum diameter 23 mm. Hypotype No. 33369 (Univ. Calif. Mus. Paleo. Type Coll.). Note development of a secondary row of columellar denticles in figure 4a. Figures 5a, 5b. Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK). Middle Miocene, Cuba- gua Island, Neuva Esparta, Venezuela. Length 30 mm., maximum diameter 17 mm. Hypotype No. 33370 (Univ. Calif. Mus. Paleo. Type Coll.). Figure 6. Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK). Recent, St. Joseph Island, Texas. Length 31 mm., maximum diameter 20 mm. Hypotype No. 33371 (Univ. Calif. Mus. Paleo. Type Coll.). Figures 7a, 7b. Distorsio clathrata (LAMARCK). Middle Miocene, Tuberd Group, near Tuber4 Mountain, Atlantico, Colombia. Length 37 mm., maximum diameter 22 mm. Hypotype No. 9888 (Calif. Acad. Sci. Paleo. Type Coll.). Note development of lirate ridges in figure 7a which may be mistaken for the secondary columellar denticles of D. reticulata. ; 122 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington | PLATE VII See eo Puffer—Distorsio Reticulata vs. Distorsio Clathrata 123 ¥ >, a) ' Te tied Proceedings of the B ol har: * ty i, ; , ‘ ne if sf ey , ‘s re. ob Vol. 66, pp. 125-146 August 10, 1953 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON EIGHT NEW BIRDS AND THIRTY-THREE EXTENSIONS OF RANGES TO VENEZUELA By WILLIAM H. PHELPS AND WILLIAM H. PHELPS, JR. Further study of our collection in Caracas, and of speci- mens in the Pons Collection, Maracaibo, and Museo de His- toria Natural La Salle, Caracas, have shown the new sub- species described below. The extensions of ranges are based on specimens in the Phelps Collection unless otherwise speci- fied. We extend our thanks to Dr. Herbert Friedmann of the U. S. National Museum, Dr. John T. Zimmer of the American Museum of Natural History and to Mr. W. E. Clyde Todd of the Carnegie Museum for access to their collections. Specimens listed as examined are in the Phelps Collection, Caracas, unless otherwise specified. Names of colors are capi- talized when direct comparison has been made with Ridg- way’s ‘‘Color Standards and Color Nomenclature,’’ 1912. Wing measurements are of the chord. Oceanodroma leucorhoa leucorhoa (Vieillot) Procellaria leucorhoa Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., nouv. éd., 25, p. 422, 1817. (Maritime parts of Picardy.) Terr. Delta Amacuro: 1 ¢, 1 9, Curiapo. These specimens extend the range of the species from Trinidad and the Guianas to Venezuela at the mouth of the Orinoco River. Ixobrychus exilis erythromelas (Vieillot) Adea erythromelas (Vieillot), Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., nouv. 6d., 14, p. 422, 1817. (Paraguay.) Guarico: 1 ¢, Santa Maria de Ipire. This specimen extends the range of the species from Trinidad to the eastern Venezuelan llanos. Pinto! gives ‘‘Venezuela’’ in the range but we cannot find on what le record this is based. Va Helicolestes hamatus (Temminck) Falco hamatus Temminck, Nouv. Ree. Pl. Col., livr. 11, pl. 61, 1821. (Brasil. ) Apure: 1 (%), El Amparo. This specimen extends the range of the species from Brazil and Colom- bia to extreme western Venezuela on the upper Arauca River, on the Colombian boundary, in the Tropical Zone. j.- assesses yy. 1 Catalogo das Aves do Brasil, 1, p. 38, 1938. CIFORAS 18—Proo. Biou. Soo. WASH., Vou. 66, 1953 fold in ( FS ARY oe f ‘ig LL ¢ 4953 ee 126 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Accipiter poliogaster (Temminck) Falco poliogaster Temminck, Nouv. Ree. Pl. Col., livr. 45, pl. 264, 1824. (Sao Paulo, Brasil.) Terr. Amazonas: 19, Atures, Cafio Cataniapo. This specimen extends the range of the species from Colombia and Brazil to southwestern Venezuela on the upper Orinoco River, on the Colombian boundary, in the Tropical Zone. Buteo swainsoni Bonaparte Buteo Swainsoni Bonaparte, Geogr. and Comp. List, p. 3, 1838. (Columbia River.) Mérida: 1 ¢, Rio Chama, Sept. 18. This appears to be the first record for Venezuela of this migrant. The date indicates that it might have been passing to its wintering range more to the south. It was collected in the Subtropical Zone at 2500 meters, in the Andes of Mérida. Nothocrax urumutum (Spix) Crax urumutum Spix, Av. Bras., 2, p. 49, pl. 62, 1825. (Rio Negro, Brasil.) Terr. Amazonas: 1 92, junction of Cafio Casiquiare and Rio Guainia (by exchange from the Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.). This specimen, together with two in the American Museum from the same locality and one from the base of Cerro Duida, extends the range of the species from Brazil and Colombia to extreme southwestern Venezuela, on the Colombian boundary, in the Tropical Zone. Gelochelidon anglica aranea (Wilson) Sterna aranea Wilson, Am. Orn., 8, p. 143, pl. 72, 1814. (New Jersey.) Miranda: 1 2 juv., Tacarigua de la Laguna (March 3); Anzodtegui: 1 ¢ juv., Barcelona (Oct. 21). These specimens extend the winter range of the species from the Lesser Antilles and Panama to the eastern part of the Caribbean coast of Venezuela. Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck) Lestris pomarinus Temminck, Man. d’Orn., p. 514, 1815. (Aretie re- gions of Europe.) Miranda: 1 (?) mutilated, Higuerote (March 1). We can find no record of this migrant from the boreal regions having been reported from Venezuela. The winter range, by this specimen, is extended to Venezuela, on the northcentral coast. It was picked up, recently dead, on a street of the town of Higuerote but only the head, wing, tail and leg were preserved. However, this is sufficient to identify the species and establish that it is not parasiticus. It has been re- ported from Colombia by de Schauensee? and from British Guiana by Hellmayr and Conover?. 2 The Birds of the Republic of Colombia, p. 448, 1949. 3 Catalogue of the Birds of the Americas, etc., Pt. 1, No. 3, p. 247, 1948. Ni Phelps and Phelps, Jr.—Evtght New Birds 127 Columba plumbea wallacet Chubb Columba plumbea wallacet Chubb, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, 38, p. 32, 1917. (Rio Capim, Par4, Brasil.) Bolivar: 1 ¢, Carabobo, Rio Cuyuni; 1 ¢@, Camborere, Rio Cuyuni. These specimens extend the range of the subspecies from British Guiana to southeastern Venezuela. Columbigallina passerina griseola (Spix) Columbina griseola Spix, Av. Bras., 2, p. 58, pl. 75a, 1825. (‘‘in sylvis fil. Amazonum’’.) Terr. Amazona: 5 6, 2 9, San Carlos; 4 6,2 9,1 (?%), El Carmen. The specimens show that this subspecies is found in extreme south- western Venezuela in the Rio Negro region on the Colombian frontier. Hellmayr and Conover? do not give a Venezuelan range to this sub- species; however Peters® gives ‘‘extreme southern Venezuela.’’ Chubb® gives ‘‘ Venezuela.’’ We do not know on what specimens the Peters and Chubb references are based. Columbigallina talpacoti talpacoti (Temminck) Columba Talpacoti Temminck, in Knip, Les Pigeons, 1, Colombigal- lines, p. 22, 1811. (Brasil.) Bolivar: 2 ¢, 1 92, El Polaco Mine, Rio Surucim (Cerro Paurai- tepui). These specimens extend the range of the subspecies from Brazil to southern Venezuela, near the frontier. Pionus seniloides (Massena and Souancé) Psittacus selinoides (sic) Massena and Souanecé, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 6, p. 73, 1854. (Colombia.) Mérida: 1 ¢, Paramo de Pinos; 1 2, Mesa de Lino. These specimens extend the range of the species from Colombia to Venezuela, in the upper Subtropical and Temperate Zones of the Andes of Mérida at altitudes of 2500 and 3000 meters. Amazona dufresniana dufresniana (Shaw) Psittacus dufresnianus Shaw, Gen. Zool., 8, pt. 2, p. 513, 1812. (Cay- enne. ) Bolivar: 1 9, Kabanayén Mission; 1 2, Cerro Sororopén-tepui. These specimens extend the range of the species from British Guiana to Venezuela, in the upper Tropical and Subtropical Zones of the Gran Sabana, at altitudes of 1000 and 1700 meters. Coccyzus erythropthalmus (Wilson) Cuculus erythropthalma (sic) Wilson, Am. Orn., 4, p. 16, pl. 28, 1811. (Philadelphia. ) 4Bds. Americas, etc., Pt. 1, No. 1, p. 520, 1942. 5 Bds. World, 3, p. 107, 1937. ° Bds. Brit. Guiana, 1, p. 43, 1916. 128 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Aragua: 1 6, Tiara, Hda. Santa Rosalia (Oct. 31); 1 (%), Lago de Valencia (Nov. 5); Estacién Biolégica de Rancho Grande Collection. These two specimens extend the winter range of this migrant to Venezuela. It may be a winter resident or a transient on the way further south. Colombian records? are of November and April. Otus albo-gularis obscurus, new subspecies Type: From Cerro Pojochaina (summit), Alto Rio Negro, Sierra de Perija, Zulia, Venezuela; 2300 meters. No. 54502, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected February 13, 1952, by Ramén Urbano (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to O. a. meridensis (Chapman) from which it differs in shorter wing; sides of head blackish instead of brownish; and darker than either known subspecies, especially the upper parts. Range: Known from the Perij4 mountains in Cerro Pejochaina and the Fila Macoita-Apén, in the Subtropical Zone at altitudes of 2300 and 2175 meters. Description of type: Crown and nape grayish brown finely speckled with dusky, many feathers broadly blackish brown in center and irregu- larly spotted with white; forehead prominently barred with whitish; supra and preorbital region largely whitish; back darker brown with dusky markings and spotted with white or buffy; rump and upper tail-coverts paler brown with buffy and dusky barring and speckling; sides of head brownish black mixed with buffy or grayish. Center- of chin and throat whitish barred with pale brown; large white area each side of upper throat and a brownish black area with buffy barring on each side of lower throat; breast and sides brownish black barred with whitish and mixed with buffy; abdomen and flanks Light Ochraceous Buff, the feathers with prominent blackish brown heavy shaft streaks and barring and with large white areas; center line of abdomen, shanks and under tail-coverts with fewer markings. Wings Fuscous, paler on under surface; outer vanes of primaries and secondaries heavily barred with buffy; tertials more lightly mottled and barred with buff; wing- coverts lightly barred, mottled, speckled and spotted with buff and whitish; a large visible patch on wing caused by white areas on outer vanes of three adjoining lesser coverts; under wing-coverts and axil- laries buffy with dustky markings. Tail Fuscous with buffy bars and speckling; under surface paler. Bill (in life) ‘‘grayish yellow’’; feet ‘‘sulphur flesh color’’; iris ‘‘vellow.’? Wing, 180 mm.; tail, 117; culmen from base, 24; tarsus, 36. Remarks: Sexes alike. Wing shorter than in meridensis. Range of measurements: two adult males—wing, 180-185 (182.5) mm.; tail, 117- 118 (117.5); culmen from base, 22-24 (23); one adult female—wing, 180; tail, 112; culmen from base, 23. Measurements of meridensis: seven adult males—wing, 190-200 (194.3); tail (2), 109-115 (112); culmen from base (2), 23-23 (23); seven adult females—wing, 193-210 (197.7; tail (4), 113-115 (114.5); eulmen from base, 23-24 (23.3). The new form has the wing 7.3 percent shorter than meridensis with no overlap. These are the wing measurements: 7™de Schauensee, Bds. Col., p. 490, 1949. . ee de errr ere Phelps and Phelps, Jr.—Evght New Birds 129 meridensis obscurus 7 males 2 males 190 180 190 185 193 193 197 197 200 Average 194.3 Average 182.5 7 females 1 female 193 180 193 196 196 199 207 210 Average 197.7 Specimens Examined O. a. albo-gularis8.—COLOMBIA: Coachi, 3 (?); Paramo Coachi, 1 (%); Santa Elena, 1 9; Medellin, 1 (?); ‘‘Bogotdé,’’ 1 (%). ECUA- DOR: Antonguicha, 1 6,1 (?); Piganta, 1 ¢; Bafios, Ambato, 3 (%); Sumaco Arriba, 2 ¢; ‘‘Eeuador,’’ 3 (2%). O. a. meridensis—VENEZUELA: San Cristébal, 1 9; Queniquea, 2 9; Boca de Monte, 1 2; Paramo de La Culata, 1 6,2 ¢8,2 98,1 (?); Paramo del Loro, 1 ¢; Valle, 1 $8; Pdramo El Escorial}, 2 6, | 2 O. a. obscurus VENEZUELA: Cerro Pejochaina, 1 ¢ ; Fila Macoita- Apén (Camp ‘‘Avispa’’), 1 3,1 @. Otus aequatorialis (Chapman) Ciecaba aequatorialis Chapman, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 31, p. 4, 1922. (Ambato, Ecuador.) | Zulia, Sierra de Perij4: 1 ¢ Cerro Tetari (1800 meters. Pons Collec- tion); 1 ¢ Cerro Jeretaca (Pons Collection). The two in the American Museum from Ecuador (Ambato and Rio Sardinas), and the two in the Pons Collection, are the only specimens known by us to exist. The Pons skins are in the rufous phase while the Ecuador ones are in the dark brown phase. Peters? suggests that aequatorialis may be a subspecies of O. albo- gularis. We do not think so as the two species are found very close to each other in Ecuador and also in the Sierra de Perijai: at Los Bafos and Ambato in Ecuador, and cerros Tetari and Jeretaca in Perij4 which adjoin each other on the Colombian frontier. Besides, aequatorialis dif- fers from albo-gularis in these five characters: lacks the white throat; has a white nuchal collar; lacks entirely the white speckling; has the white abdominal markings larger and rather like bars than spots; and lacks the round breast spots. 8 Specimens in the American Museum of Natural History. ® Bds. World, 4, p. 108, 1940. 130 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Asio stygius robustus Kelso Asio stygius robustus Kelso, Auk, 51, p. 522, 1934. (Mirador, Vera Cruz, Mexico.) 1 6, San Fernando de Atabapo, Terr. Amazonas; 1 9, Pié Nudo, between Rios Aponcito and Macoita, Sierra de Perij4, Zulia. These two specimens extend the range of the species from Colombia into Venezuela, to the Tropical Zone of the upper Orinoco River, at 160 meters, and to the Upper Subtropical Zone of the Sierra de Perija, at 2600 meters. Notwithstanding the great distance between these two lo- calities and the difference in altitude and habitat, the specimens ap- pear similar. Nyctibius leucopterus maculosus Ridgway Nyctibius maculosus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, p. 92, 1912. (Ambato, Ecuador.) Tachira: 1 ¢, Boca de Monte, Pregonero. This specimen extends the range of the species from Colombia to Venezuela, in the Subtropical Zone of the Venezuelan Andes, at 2400 meters. Chaetura pelagica (Linné) Hirundo pelagica Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, p. 192, 1758. (South Carolina.) Tachira: 1 ¢, Burgua. This specimen, collected on Nov. 3, 1952, extends the winter range of ‘the species to Venezuela in the headwaters of the Apure River about twenty miles east of the Colombian border. The date does not show conclusively whether the bird is migrating to its winter quarters in the upper Amazonian valley or whether it was in part of its winter range. Chaetura cinereiventris sclaterit Pelzeln Chaetura Sclateri Pelzeln, Orn. Bras., Abth. 1, pp. 16, 56, 1868. (Borba, Rio Madeira, Brazil.) Terr. Amazonas: 2 6,2 9, Yavita-Pimichin portage (Camp. La Cruz). These four specimens, as well as a large series from the Cafio Casi- quiare in the American Museum, extend the range of this subspecies from the upper Amazonian region and eastern Colombia to that of the upper Orinoco River. Lophornis chalybea verreauxti J. and EK. Verreaux Lophornis verreauxii J. and E. Verreaux, Rev. and Mag. Zool., ser. 2, pl. 5, p. 193, pl. 6. (Perda.) i Bolivar: 1 ¢, mouth of Cafio Pacara, Rio Caroni. This single specimen extends very greatly the range of the subspecies from Colombia to southeastern Bolivar, in the Tropical Zone. Chlorostilbon poortmani poortmani (Bourcier) Ornismaya poortmani Bourcier, Rev. Zool., p. 2, 1848. (Vicinity of Bogota, Colombia.) Tachira: 8 6,7 & juv.,6 9,62 juv., 3 (?), Villa Péez; 1 6,2 9, 1 (?), Las Delicias; 1 6,1 9, Bramén; 1 ¢, Queniquea. Mérida: 1 ¢, El Vigia. Phelps and Phelps, Jr.—Eight New Birds 131 These specimens extend the range of the species from Colombia to the extreme western Andes of Venezuela. The localities are all in the Subtropical Zone at altitudes from 1650 to 2100 meters except El Vigia, at the northern base of the Andes, which has an altitude of only 150 meters. Lafresnaya lafresnayi lafresnayi Boissonneau Trochilus La Fresnayi Boissonneau, Rev. Zool., p. 8, 1840. (‘‘Bogo- ta,’’ Colombia.) TAchira: 2 9, Paramo de Tama. These two specimens extend the range of the subspecies from Colombia to the extreme western Venezuelan Andes on the Colombian frontier, in the Subtropical Zone at 2500 meters. Coeligena torquata torquata (Boissonneau) Ornismaya torquata Boissonneau, Rev. Zool., p. 6, 1840. (‘‘Bogoté,’’ Colombia. ) Tachira: 1 ¢, Villa Pdez, near the Paramo de Tam4; 2 9, Las Delicias, near the Paramo de Tama. These three specimens extend the range of the subspecies from Co- lombia to the extreme northwestern Venezuelan Andes on the Colombian boundary, in the Temperate Zone at 3000 meters. Coeligena helianthea (Lesson) Ornismaya helianthea Lesson, Rev. Zool., p. 314, 1838. (‘‘Bogota,’’ Colombia. ) TAchira: 8 ¢,5 9, Paéramo de Tam4; 1 9, Villa Paez, near Paramo de Tama. These specimens extend the range of the species from Colombia to the Andes of extreme western Venezuela, on the Colombian frontier, in the upper Subtropical and Temperate Zones at altitudes from 2400 to 3000 meters. Metallura tyrianthina tyrianthina (Loddiges) Trochilus tyrianthina Loddiges, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soe. London, pt. 2, p. 6, 1832. (Popaydén, Colombia.) TAchira: 12 ¢,3 2,6 (?%), Paramo de Tam4; 2 6,4 9, Villa Paez; 1 92, Las Delicias. These specimens extend the range of the subspecies from Colombia to the extreme western Andes in the Paramo de Tama region on the Colombian border, in the upper Subtropical and Temperate Zones at fram 2450 to 3000 meters. Momotus momota microstephanus Sclater Momotus microstephanus Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 251, 1857, 1858. (Region about Villavicencio, Colombia.) Tachira: 3 6, 1 9, Santo Domingo. Barinas: 2 ¢, 6 9, Santa Barbara; 2 ¢, Ciudad Bolivia. Apure: 1 ¢, 2 9,1 (%), Las Bonitas, upper Rio Arauca, Colombian boundary. These specimens extend the range of the subspecies from Colombia to extreme western Venezuela on the Apure and Arauca river watersheds, in the Tropical Zone, at altitudes from 200 to 300 meters. 132 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Brachygalba lugubris fulviventris Selater Brachygalba lugubris fulviventris Sclater, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, pp. 171, 172, 1891. (‘‘Bogot4,’’ Colombia.) Bolivar: 1 ¢, 1 6 juv., 2 9, Rio Nichare, Rio Caura; 1 9, La Prisién; all in the American Museum of Natural History. These five specimens extend the range of the subspecies from Colom- bia to the lower Caura River, in the Tropical Zone. Galbula ruficauda pallens Bangs Galbula ruficauda pallens Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 133, 1898. (Santa Marta, Colombia.) Zulia: 3 6,1 9, Rio Socuy, Posesién El Aral. These specimens extend the range of the subspecies from nearby Colombia into extreme northwestern Venezuela, in the Tropical Zone. Selenidera culik (Wagler) Pteroglossus culik Wagler, Syst. Av., Pteroglossus, sp. 10, 1827. (Cayenne. ) Bolivar: 1 ¢, 1 @, Cerro Paurai-tepui, La Faiseca; 1 9, Cerro Chi- mantaé-tepui; 1 9, Camborere, Rio Cuyuni. These four specimens extend the range of the species from British Guiana to southeastern Bolivar in the region of the Gran Sabana, in the Tropical Zone at altitudes of 900, 500 and 280 meters. Piculus flavigula magnus (Cherrie and Reichenberger) Chloronerpes flavigula magnus Cherrie and Reichenberger, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 27, p. 4, 1921. (Monte Cristo, Mato Grosso, Brazil.) Terr. Amazonas: 1 6, Nericagua (in American Museum Nat. Hist.) ; 3 6, 4 9, San Fernando de Atabapo; 1 ¢, Cafio Cuao, Rio Sipapo; 3 6,3 9, portage Yavita-Pimichin, Camp. La Cruz. The specimens extend the range of the subspecies from northwestern Brazil into extreme southwestern Venezuela, in the upper Orinoco River region. We follow Todd 1° who states: ‘‘. .. the significant difference between flavigula and magnus is not so much in size as in coloration, particu- larly in the males. In flavigula the adult male has a conspicuous crimson malar stripe, which is wanting in magnus.’’ The 14 ¢ im the Carnegie Museum from Santarem and from the Tapajoz, Purus and Solimoes rivers are similar to ours both in size of bill and lack of the malar stripe in the males. Our large series of P. f. flavigula (Boddaert) from Bolivar, and that in the American Museum of Natural History from the Guianas, show that the males have consistently the crimson malar stripe. The type of magnus is a female. In case a topotypical series is ob- tained from Mato Grosso some day, which is now lacking, and it shows a constant larger bill or longer wing, then it would be necessary to give a new name to the Carnegie Museum series and to those from the upper Orinoco River based on the lack of gular stripe as in magnus but the small bill of flavigula. 10 Critical Notes on the Woodpeckers. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 80, p. 300, 1946. Phelps and Phelps, Jr—Etght New Birds 133 Celeus torquatus occidentalis (Hargitt) Cerchneipicus occidentalis Hargitt, Ibis, p. 230, 1889. (Upper Ucayali, Peri.) Terr. Amazonas: 1 ¢, Atures, Caiio Cataniapo; 1 9, San Fernando de Atabapo; 1 2, El Platanal, Cafio Parucito; 1 ¢, Las Carmelitas; 1 ¢,2 2, Puerto Yapacana. These specimens extend the range of the subspecies from Brazil to the upper Orinoco region of Venezuela in the Tropical Zone. There are six specimens from the Duida region in the American Museum. Veniliornis kirkii kirkii (Malherbe) Picus (Chloropicus) Kirkii Malherbe, Rev. Zool., p. 400, 1845. (Tobago. ) Sucre: 1 6, Guaratnos; 1 6,1 9 (in American Museum), El Pilar. ‘These specimens extend the range of the subspecies from Trinidad to the base of the Paria Peninsula in Venezuela. Fifty kilometers further to the southwest, in Monagas, is Caripe, the type locality of V. kirkii continentalis. Campylorhamphus pusillus pusillus (Sclater) Xiphorhynchus pusillus Selater, Proce. Zool. Soc. London, 28, p. 278, 1860. (Bogota.’’) Zulia: 1 9, 1 juv.(?), Cerro Pejochaina, Sierra de Perija. These specimens extend the range of the subspecies to extreme north- western Venzuela, from west of the Eastern Andes of Colombia (not known from Santa Marta), in the upper Rio Negro region in the Sub- tropical Zone at an altitude of 1950 meters. Dendrocinchla homochroa meridionalis, new subspecies Type: From Burgua, Rio Burgua, TAchira, Venezuela; altitude 350 meters. No. 56773, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected November 7, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the Ameri- can Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Differs from all other races of D. homochroa by having the top of the head darker chestnut and the back darker, more olive brown, less yellowish-brown. Range: Known from the region of the affluents of the upper Apure River in southern Tachira and western Barinas, and from the upper Arauca River on the Colombian frontier; in the Tropical Zone at alti- tudes from 150 to 350 meters, Description of type: Top of head Auburn, feathers of forehead with paler centers and shafts, giving a faintly striped appearance; back Brus- sels Brown, merging into the Antique Brown of rump; upper tail-coverts Mahogany Red X Burnt Sienna; lores dusky; sides of head Brussels Brown. Throat Ochraceous-Tawny, chin paler; breast, sides and upper abdomen Argus Brown, paler on lower abdomen and thighs; under tail- coverts with a rufous tinge. Upper surface of wings Mahogany Red, paler on primaries; primaries apically Fuscous, the amount decreasing inwardly; alula washed with dusky; under surface of wings Rood’s Brown; under wing-coverts and axillaries Ferruginous. Upper surface of tail Chestnut, lower surface Rood’s Brown; shafts of rectrices black- ish brown on upper surface, brownish yellow on lower. 134 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Bill (in life) ‘‘black’’; feet ‘‘grayish brown’’; iris ‘‘chestnut brown.’’ Wing, 104 mm.; tail, 83; exposed culmen, 25; culmen from base, 25; tarsus, 25. Remarks: Sexes alike. Size similar to D. h. ruficeps Sclater and Salvin. Range of measurements: six adult males—wing(5), 104-106 (105.2) mm.; tail, 70-83 (74.8); culmen from base, 25-30 (27.8); two adult females—wing, 96-100 (98); tail, 75-77 (76); culmen from base, 27. Measurements of rujiceps: two adult males from Panama—wing, 97-106 (101.5); tail, 72-76 (74); eulmen from base, 26-27 (26.5); one adult famale from Panama—wing, 102; tail, 84; culmen from base, 27; two adult females from Venezuela— wing, 97-101.5 (99.2); tail, 72-77 (74.5) ; culmen from base, 27.5-28 (27.7). The species, which extends from Mexico to Venezuela, has not been recorded from Colombia. The airline distance from Panama City to the Perij&i mountains is about five hundred miles. The Venezuelan range of ruficeps, extreme northwest Zulia and extreme northwest Lara, is sepa- rated from that of the new subspecies by the Andean cordillera. Ruficeps, in Venezuela, inhabits the Subtropical Zone while the new subspecies is of the Tropical Zone. Peters!! 1951:7-15 records that we believed that the Ciudad Bolivia, Barinas, specimen might represent a new subspecies. The present series was necessary to establish that this was the case. Specimens Examined D. h. homochroa8’.—MEXICO: Chichenitza, Yucatan, 1 ¢; Quintana Roo, 13,1 9: D. h. acedesta8—_NICARAGUA: Uluce, 16; Volefn de Chinandega, 4 6,1 92; Voleén Viejo, 1 ¢,2 2; Rio Grande, 1 ¢. COSTA RICA: Miravalles, 3 6,3 9; Bebedero, 1 6,3 9; Bonilla, 2 ¢; Nicoya,1 ¢. PANAMA: Voledn Chiriqui, 1 6; Boquerén, 1 ¢,1 9; Veragua,1 ¢; Cerro Flores, 1 ¢, 1 2; Cerro Montosa, W. Panama, 1 9. D. h. ruficeps—PANAMA: Panam4,§ 2 ¢,1 9. VENEZUELA: La Sabana (1200 m.), Perij4, 1 2 ; Cerro El Cogolial (1800 m.), Lara, 1 9. D. h. meridionalis —VENEZUELA: Burgua, Rio Burgua, 1 ¢ (type), 1 9; Las Bonitas, alto Rio Arauca, Apure, 4 6,1 9; Ciudad Bolivia, Barinas, 1 ¢. Grallaria guatimalensis regulus Selater Grallaria regulus Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 66, 1860. (Palla- tanga, w. Ecuador.) We extend the range of the subspecies regulus from Colombia to Venezuela in the Andes of Mérida inasmuch as we cannot separate the 21 specimens of regulus (Ecuador and Peri) in the American Museum of Natural History from the 4 specimens in the Museum from the Mérida region, or from one in our collection, two in the Chicago Museum of Natural History, one in the Museum of Comparative Zoology and one in the U. S. National Museum, all also from the Mérida region. We consider G. g. carmelitae Todd confined to the type locality, Santa Marta, and to the Perij&4 mountains of Venezuela (one specimen in the Pons Collection, Maracaibo, from Ayapa = La Sabana). U Check List of Birds of the World. Phelps and Phelps, Jr—kEight New Birds 135 Pachyramphus albogriseus coronatus, new subspecies Type: From Cerro Tamuypejocha, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de PerijA, Zulia, Venezuela; 1975 meters. No. 1103, Pons Collection, Maracaibo, Venezuela. Adult female collected February 11, 1951, by Moisés Nava. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to P. a. albogriseus Sclater, of Venezuela and the Bogota region, but the female differs from all other races by a darker brown pileum. Males are similar to albogriseus. Range: Known in Venezuela from the upper Rio Negro and Macoita- Apoén region of the Sierra de Perij4é, in the Subtropical Zone at alti- tudes between 1025 and 2175 meters; also in Colombia as we refer a specimen from the Santa Marta region to this new subspecies. Description of type: Pileum Auburn; a prominent black collar around nape from eye to eye; back and sides of neck dull Citrine; rump Citrine-Drab; upper tail-coverts tinged with brownish; prominent white superciliary stripe from bill to beyond the eye; lores dusky; auricular region grayish white; upper throat white; sides of throat gray; lower throat, middle line of breast and abdomen Barium Yellow; sides and flanks pale olivaceous; under tail-coverts Massicot Yellow. Wings Fuscous; tertials heavily edged externally with Ochraceous-Tawny, a few feathers with whitish; inner vanes of remiges margined with yellowish white, more ochraceous on tertials; upper wing-coverts widely margined and tipped with Ochraceous-Tawny forming a prominent band from bend of wing to tertials; under wing-coverts yellowish white and dusky; axillaries yellowish white. Tail black except median rectrices which are brownish olive; rectices deeply tipped, the external ones more so, with Ochraceous-Tawny which is paler on external feathers. Bill (in life) ‘‘maxilla black; mandible gray’’; feet ‘‘gray’’; iris ‘“brown.’’ Wing, 73 mm.; tail, 57; exposed culmen, 13; culmen from base, 17; tarsus, 18. Remarks: Sexes unlike in color. Size similar to albogriseus. Range of measurements: four adult males—wing, 69-76 (73.2) mm.; tail, 55- 60 (57.7); culmen from base, 14-16 (15); four adult females from Perija—wing, 70-73 (71); tail, 55-57 (56); culmen from base, 14-16 (15); one adult female from Santa Marta—wing, 69; tail, 53; culmen from base, 15. Measurements of albogriseus: three adult males from Lara, Aragua and Distrito Federal—wing, 73-76.5 (75.8); tail, 56-58 (56.7); culmen from base, 16-16 (16); one adult female from Lara—wing, 70; tail, 54; culmen from base, 16.5. Measurements of P. a. ornatus Cherrie: three adult females from Costa Rica (2) and Panamé (1)—wing, 67-68 (67.3); tail, 43-52 (47.3); eulmen from base, 14-14 (14). The female specimen in the American Museum of Natural History from Valparaiso, Santa Marta, which has been called ornatus, has the dark pileum of the new form and will be listed as coronatus. Regarding this same Santa Marta specimen, Zimmer]? says: ‘‘More Santa Marta material should be examined when possible. The single female at hand from that region has a much darker pileum than Central American skins of ornatus which it otherwise resembles. ’’ 12 Am. Mus. Nov., No. 894, p. 18, Dec. 31, 1936. 136 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Specimens Examined P. a. ornatus8.—COSTA RICA: Navarro, 1 ¢; Bonilla, 1 9; PANA- MA: Chitra, Veraguas, 1 ¢; Boquerén, Chiriqui, 1 ¢, 1 9; Flores, 1 $,1 92; Boquete, 1 ¢. P. a. coronatus—VENEZUELA: Cerro Tamuypejocha, Perija13, 1 9 (type), 1 ¢ juv.; Cerro Pejochaina, 1 9: Cerro Quirinchil3, 1 ¢,1 9; Tare, 1 $18; El Escondido, 1 613; Cerro Tutare, 1 913; Camp. Avispa, Fila Macoita-Apén, 1 ¢. COLOMBIA: Valparaiso, Santa Marta, 198. P. a. albogriseus—VENEZUELA: Rio Albarregas, Mérida, 1 ¢8; Cerro El Cerrén, 1 6,1 ¢ juv.; Cumbre de Valencia, 1 ¢ juv.8; Hda. Santa Clara, Carabobo ,1 ¢ juv.; Colonia Tovar, 1 6,1 98; No Leén, 1 $; Rio Neveri, 1 98; Los Palmales, 1 98; Santa Ana Valley, 1 ¢ juv.8 P. a, guayaquilensis—ECUADORS: 7.14 P. a. salvini8—_PERU: 20.14 ECUADOR: 6.14 Diglossa baritula coelestis, new subspecies Type: From Barranquilla, Rancheria Julian, between Rios Apén and Macoita, Sierra de Perija, Zulia, Venezuela; 960 meters. No. 57292, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected March 11, 1953, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to D. b. d’orbignyi (Boissonneau), of the Mérida region and Colombia, but differs from it as well as from D. b. hyperythra Cabanis, of the Caracas region, and from D. b. mandeli Blake, of the Turumiquire region, in having a lighter blue crown, uniform with the back and without trace of dusky; also the back lighter, sky blue. Range: Known from the Perij& mountains between the Apdén and Macoita rivers and at Kunana and Cerro Pejochaina on the Rio Negro, in the Subtropical Zone at altitudes of 960 to 1700 meters. Description of type: Top and sides of head and nape nearest to Dark Medici Blue; back and uropygium Deep Medici Blue; lores dusky. Throat Light Pinkish Cinnamon merging into the Pinkish Cinnamon of breast, sides, flanks and abdomen; under tail-coverts Cinnamon. Wings Fuscous; primaries and secondaries finely edged, except apically, with grayish; tertials and upper wing-coverts heavily edged with Deep Medici Blue uniform with back; inner vanes of remiges edged with whitish, increasingly so inwardly; under wing-coverts and axillaries Pinkish Cinnamon uniform with under parts. Tail Chaetura Drab, paler on under surface; rectrices, except outermost, edged externally with Deep Medici Blue uniform with back. Bill (in life) ‘‘black, base brown’’; feet ‘‘brown’’; iris ‘‘chestnut brown.’’ Wing, 56 mm.; tail, 42; exposed culmen, 9; culmen from base, 13; tarsus, 16. Remarks: Sexes different in color and size. Size similar to d’orbigny. Range of measurements: two adult males—wing, 56-56 (56) mm.; tail, 42-45 (43.5); eulmen from base, 12-13 (12.5); one female—wing, 53; tail, 40; culmen from base, 13. Measurements of d’orbigny: five adult 18 Specimens in Pons Collection, Maracaibo. 144 For localities and sexes see Zimmer, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 894, p. 19, Dee 31, 1936. Phelps and Phelps, Jr—Eight New Birds 137 males from region of Paramo de Tam4—wing, 54.5-57 (56.3); tail, 43-46 (44.6); culmen from base, 13-14 (13.5); one female from Cerro El] Cerr6n—wing, 51; tail, 39; culmen from base, 14. Description of female (No. 55403, Phelps Collection): top and sides of head, back and uropygium Citrine; throat mixed pale olive and buffy, merging into the streaked Citrine-Drab and buffy under parts, more Amber Yellow along the center line; under tail-coverts Cream Buff. Wings Fuscous; primaries and secondaries, except outer ones, edged externally with Citrine; tertials heavily edged externally with buffy; inner vanes of remiges edged with whitish, increasing so internally; greater upper wing-coverts edged with olivaceous buffy forming a promi- nent band; secondary coverts more olivaceous forming a less prominent band; under wing-coverts whitish; axillaries more yellowish. Tail Benzo Brewn, paler on under surface; rectrices, except outermost, finely edged externally with Citrine. Specimens Examined . b. baritula—MEXICOS8: 8,15 . b. parva. —HONDURASS: 10.15 . b. montana.—GUATEMALAS;: 12.15 . b. plumbea.—_PANAMAS: 5.15 COSTA RICA8: 32.15 . b. veraguensis—PANAMAS;: 4,15 b. d’orbigny—COLOMBIA8: 20.145 VENEZUELA: Mérida re- gion? 19 6, 3 9; Villa Paez, 6 $, 2 & juv.; Las Delicias, 1 ¢; Bramén, 1 2 ; Queniquea, 1 ¢; Valle, 1 ¢,1 4 juv.; El Escorial, 1 ¢; Timotes, 1 ¢; Cubiro, 2 ¢; Cerro El Cerrén, 2 6,1 Q. D. b. coelestis—VENEZUELA: Barranquilla, Perij4, 1 ¢ (type); Cerro Pejochaina, 1 ¢,1 9; Kunana, 1 ¢.16 D. b. hyperythra—_VENEZUELA: Colonia Tovar, 1 98; El Junquito, 1 4,82 9; Hda. Izcaragua, Guarenas,1 ¢,1 Q. D. b. mandeli.—VENEZUELA: Mt. Turumiquire, 1 ¢. D. b. decorata8.—PERU: 19.15 ECUADOR: 13.15 D. b. sittoides8—BOLIVIA: 7.15 ARGENTINA: 1.15 YSsysy Basileuterus tristriatus perijanus, new subspecies Type: From Cerro Pejochaina, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de Perija, Zulia, Venezuela; 2300 meters. No. 55572, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected February 10, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to B. t. auricularis Sharpe, of Colombia and Ecua- dor from which it differs by brighter back and uropygium, more yellow- ish green, less brownish. From B. t. meridanus Sharpe, B. t. bessereré Hellmayr and B. t. pariae Phelps and Phelps, Jr., of the mountains of northern Venezuela, it differs similarly and additionally by strikingly different head markings: black of crown more intense, preloral spots and sides of head black, superciliary streak white and a white collar on sides of neck. Range: Known from Pejochaina, Quirinchi and Tutare mountains on 15 For localities and sex see Zimmer, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1205, p. 3, Oct. 21, 1942 16 Specimens in Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, Caracas. 138 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington the upper Rio Negro in the Sierra of Perija, in the Subtropical Zone at altitudes from 1800 to 2300 meters. Description of type: Crown and nape with wide lateral Chaetura Black stripes; crown patch Maiz Yellow; center line of forehead and nape grayish; back, uropygium and upper tail-coverts near Yellowish Citrine; superciliary stripe from base of bill to nape whitish, joining the whitish collar on sides of head; lores, forming a spot, and sides of head blacker than Fuscous. Chin whitish, merging into the pale yellowish of throat; breast mixed yellowish and olivaceous; abdomen Amber Yellow X Pinard Yellow; sides, flanks and axillaries Yellowish Citrine; under tail-coverts Amber Yellow. Wings Benzo Brown; remiges, except outermost, edged externally with Olive Yellow except apically, increasingly so on tertials; inner edges of remiges narrowly edged with grayish, basally; median and lesser upper wing-coverts extensively edged with Olive Yellow; under wing-coverts mixed grayish and pale yellowish. Median rectrices Yellowish Citrine; outer webs of others Yellowish Citrine, inner webs more dusky; under surface of tail nearest to Buffy Olive. Bill (in life) ‘‘black, base brown’’; feet ‘‘ brownish yellow’’; iris ‘“brown.’’ Wing, 64 mm.; tail, 58; exposed culmen, 10.5; culmen from base, 13; tarsus, 20. Remarks: Sexes alike in color; females have shorter wings and tail. Wings and tail shorter than in awricularis. Range of measurements: five adult males—wing, 64-66 (64.6) mm.; tail, 56-60 (57.6); culmen from base, 13-14 (13.5); four adult females—wing, 59-62 (60); tail, 51-58 (53.7); culmen from base, 13-14 (13.5). Measurements of auri- cularis: five adult males—wing, 59-62 (60); tail, 51-58 (53.7); culmen from base, 13-14 (13.5). Two specimens in the American Museum of Natural History labelled *“Caripé,’’ collected by Mocquerys, are similar to meridanus and differ- ent from bessereri of the Caracas region and from pariae of the Penin- sula of Paria. The species has not been otherwise recorded from the Mt. Turumiquire region. We agree with Zimmer!’ in not accepting the ““Caripé’’ locality as correct, a position we have taken in regards to many other Mocquerys skins labelled ‘‘ Caripé.’’ Specimens Examined B. t. melanotis8—-COSTA RICA: 5.18 PANAMA: 4.18 B. t. chitrensis8—-PANAMA: 19.18 B. t. auricularis (including daedalus)8—COLOMBIA: 29.18 ECUA- DOR: 6.18 B. t. perijanus—VENEZUELA: Cerro Pejochaina, 5 6 (inel. type), 4 9,3 (%); Cerro Quirinehi,13 1 ¢,1 Q. B. t. meridanus—VENEZUELA: Queniquea, 1 ¢, 2 9; Seboruco, 1 2; P&ramo de La Culata, 1.9; Valle, 1 ¢8; Cubiro, 2 ¢,1 92,3 (%); Cerro El Cerrén, 1 3,3 9, 1 (2); Mt. Bucarito, 1 (?)8; Bucaral, 1 9; Cumbre de Valencia, 1 ¢ ; Hda. Santa Clara, Carabobo, 1 (?). B. t. bessereri—_VENEZUELA: Colonia Tovar, 3 6, 2 2, 1 (2); El Limon, D. F., 1 68; No Leon, 2 6, 2 (2); El Junquito, 2 9; Las Canoas, 1 ¢; Cotiza, 1 68; Cerro del Avila, 1 $8; Silla de Caracas, 1 68; Galipan,? 1 3,1 Q. 17 Am, Mus. Nov., No. 1428, p. 38, 1949. 18 For localities and sexes see Zimmer, Am. Mus. Nov., No. 1428, p. 38, 1949. Phelps and Phelps, Jr—Evght New Birds 139 . t. baezga8.— ECUADOR: 12.18 . t. tristriatus8.—_ECUADOR: 2.18 PERU: 22.18 . t. inconspicuus8.—PERU: 3.18 BOLIVIA: 3.18 . t. punctipectuss—BOLIVIA: 12.18 . t. canens8.— BOLIVIA: 1.18 booby Thlypopsis fulviceps obscuriceps, new subspecies Type: From Cerro Pejochaina, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de Perija, Zulia, Venezuela; 1900 meters. No. 55614, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected February 5, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Differs from JT. f. fulviceps Cabanis, of northern Vene- zuela, and from T. f. intensa Todd of northeastern Colombia, by darker chestnut head and darker gray breast and sides; from fulviceps differs additionally by dark gray back instead of olivaceous. Range: Known only from Pejochaina and Yin-taina mountains in the upper Rio Negro, Sierra de Perijd, in the Subtropical Zone at alti- tudes from 1600 to 1900 meters. Description of type: Top of head and nape Chestnut, merging into the Burnt Sienna of cheeks and Sanford’s Brown of throat; back more olivaceous than Neutral Gray; still more olivaceous on rump. A whitish patch between the Sanford’s Brown of throat and the pale gray of breast and sides, merging into the whitish abdomen; flanks with an olivaceous tint; under tail-coverts paler than Pinkish Cinnamon. Wings Fuscous; primaries, except outermost, and secondaries edged with gray; outer vanes of tertials uniform with back; inner webs of remiges basally grayish; median and lesser upper wing-coverts uniform with back; bend of wing whitish; under wing-coverts mixed whitish and grayish; axillaries grayish white. Tail grayish fuscous, paler on under surface. Maxilla (in life) ‘‘black’’; mandible ‘‘bluish gray’’; feet ‘‘gray’’; iris ‘‘dark.’’ Wing, 62 mm.; tail, 54; exposed culmen, 10; culmen from base, 14; tarsus, 20. Remarks: Sexes alike. Size similar to fulviceps. Range of measure- ments: three adult males—wing, 60-65 (62.3) mm.; tail, 54-57 (55.3); culmen from base, 14; three adult females—wing, 59-62 (61); tail, 52-57 (54.3); culmen from base, 14-15 (14.7); one specimen of unde- termined sex—wing, 65; tail, 58; culmen from base, 14. Measurements of fulviceps: five adult males—wing, 59-64 (60.8); tail, 48-53 (51.6); culmen from base, 13-14 (13.2); five adult females—wing, 58-61 (59.2); tail, 48-52 (49.8); culmen from base (4), 13-13.5 (13.1). Measurements of intensa: one adult male—wing, 65; tail, 53; culmen from base, 13.5; two adult females—wing, 59, 62; tail, 52, 53; culmen from base, 14, 14.5. Specimens Examined T. f. intensa——COLOMBIA!9, La Palmita, Santander, 1 ¢ (type), a T. f. obscuriceps—VENEZUELA: Cerro Pejochaina, Perijé, 2 ¢ (inel. type), 3 2,1 (?); Cerro Yin-taina, 1 ¢,1 @ juv. T. f. fulviceps—VENEZUELA: Queniquea, 1 (?) juv.; Altos de Estanques ,1 (?)8; Sierra de Carabobo, 1 2 ; Colonia Tovar, 1 2 1 (9); 18 Specimens in Oarnegie Museum. 140 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Galipin, 1 98; Cotiza,8 1 ¢,2 2; Las Canoas, 1 (?); Loma Redonda,® 6 6,1 9; Caracas,, 1 ¢; Cerro Golfo Triste, 1 ¢; Cerro El Peonia, 24,1 92; Rio Neveri8 1 6, 1 (%); Santa Ana Valley, 1 ¢8; Los Palmales, 5 ¢8; Carapas, 1 928; Quebrada Seca, 1 68; ‘‘Cuman&’’ [#], 1 (%)8; Gudcharo, 1 98; Cerro Negro, Monagas, 4 6,2 9. Hemisphingus frontalis flavidorsalis, new subspecies Type: From Cerro Jurustaca, upper Rio Negro, Sierra de Parija, Zulia, Venezuela; 2100 meters. No. 55625, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected March 25, 1952, by Ramén Urbano. (Type on de- posit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Nearest to H. f. frontalis (Tschudi), of Paramo de Tam& and Colombia to Pera, from which it differs by more yellowish green, less brownish, back; differs in the same way from H. f. ignobilis (Scla- ter), H. f. hanieli Hellmayr and Seilern, and H. f. iteratus Chapman, all of northern Venezuela, and additionally from them by yellowish green under parts instead of ochraceous or buffy. Range: Mountains in the upper Rio Negro valley, Sierra de Perija, in the Subtropical and lower Temperate Zones at altitudes from 1975 to 2900 meters. Description of type: Top and side of head, back and rump Light Yellowish Olive; upper tail-coverts more brownish olive; forehead more yellowish, buffy at base of nostrils; a pale yellowish superciliary streak extending to the neck. Throat and upper breast paler than Wax Yellow, this merging into the Old Gold of lower breast and abdomen; sides, flanks and thighs more olivaceous; under tail-coverts near Honey Yel- low. Wings, Benzo Brown; remiges, except outermost, heavily edged outwardly with yellowish olive, more brownish and more extensively on tertials; greater upper wing-coverts dully edged with pale grayish olive, median ones edged with yellowish olive; lesser ones edged with Light Yellowish Olive; under wing-coverts and axillaries uniform with abdo- men. Tail, Benzo Brown, paler on under surface. Maxilla (in life) ‘‘black’’; mandible ‘‘gray’’; iris ‘‘dark’’; Wing, 73 mm.; tail, 67; exposed culmen, 12.5; culmen from base, 17; tarsus, 21. Remarks: Sexes alike in color but the male has a longer tail. Size similar to frontalis. Range of measurements: three adult males—wing, 73 -74 (73.3) mm.; tail, 67-69 (68.3); culmen from base (2), 16, 17; three adult females—wing, 66-69 (67.3); tail, 64-64 (64); culmen from base, 15-16 (15.7); one specimen of undetermined sex—wing, 73; tail, 66; culmen from base, 16. Measurements of frontalis: five adult males from Peri—wing, 68-74 (71.4); tail, 62-65 (63.8); culmen from base, 15-16 (15.6); five adult females from Peri (2) and Colombia (3)— wing, 69-72 (70); tail, 57-61 (59.2); eulmen from base, 15-17 (16). Our single specimen from Paéramo de Tama is intermediate between frontalis and ignobilis, but nearer to the former. Specimens Examined H. f. frontalis—PERU8. Chelpes, 1 $ juv.; Chaupé, 4 ¢, 1 (%); Macchu Picchu, 3 ¢. ECUADOR®S: Baeza, 1 ¢, 1 9; Rio Sardinas Abajo, 1 ¢; Sumaco Abajo, 1 ¢. COLOMBIAS: Aguadita, 2 2,3 (%); Cundinamarea, 1 6; Santa Elena, 1 ¢, 1 2; Salento, 1 2; Gallera, Phelps and Phelps, Jr.—Evght New Birds 141 1 ¢,1 9; Subia, 1 9. VENEZUELA: Las Delicias, near Paramo de Tama,1 9. H. f. flavidorsalis—VENEZUELA: Cerro Jurustaco, Perij4é, 1 ¢ (type), 1 (%); Cerro Pejochaina, 2 ¢, 1 9; Cerro Tamuypejocha, 1 913; Cerro Tetari, 1 92. H. f. ignobilis VENEZUELA: Queniquea, 3 ¢,1 2; Valle, 2 6, 1 92; Sierra, 1 $8; Quintero, 1 98; Paramo La Culata,8 2 ¢,1 9; Cendé, 1 ¢; El Rincon, Cerro Niquit4z,1 ¢. H. f. hanieli—_ VENEZUELA: Colonia Tovar, 3 6, 1 6,8 2 (2); No Leén, 1 (?); El Junquito, 2 ¢, 3 9, 2 (%); Silla de Caracas, 3 $8; Cerro del Avila 2 (?)8; Cotiza8 1 6,1 2; Galipén,’ 4 6,5 9; Hda. Izearagua, Guarenas, 2 6,1 9,1 (7). H. f. iteratus—VENEZUELA: Carapas,2 1 6, 1 9, 4 (%); Los Palmales, 1 $8; Caripe, 1 ¢; Cerro Negro, Monagas, 3 6,4 2, 2 (%). Catamblyrhynchus diadema federalis, new subspecies Type: From El Junquito, Distrito Federal, Venezuela; altitude 2000 meters. No. 57001, Phelps Collection, Caracas. Adult male collected May 15, 1951, by Ernst Schaefer. (Type on deposit at the American Museum of Natural History.) Diagnosis: Differs from the other races of C. diadema (C. d. diadema Lafresnaye, of the Mérida region and the Andes of Colombia and Eeua- dor, and C. d. citrinifrons Berlepsch and Stolzmann, of Peri) by paler gray back; from diadema differs additionally by paler chestnut under parts and sides of head, more yellowish, less orange, forehead and shorter wings. Range: The Cordillera de la Costa Central in Aragua and the Distrito Federal, in the Subtropical Zone at altitudes from 1800 to 2050 meters. Description of type: Crown and forehead nearest to Light Cadmium; tips of posterior crown feathers chestnut, making a line separating the yellow crown from the black of occiput and nape; a black line separates the eye from the yellow of crown, joining with the black lores; back and uropygium paler than Dark Gull Gray; sides of head Chestnut. Chin, throat and sides Auburn, merging into the Sandford’s Brown of abdomen, flanks and under tail-coverts; thighs uniform with back. Remiges Benzo Brown, more grayish on tertials; primaries and second- aries narrowly and externally edged with grayish; under surfaces of remiges paler, very finely edged with pale grayish on inner margins; upper wing-coverts uniform with back; under wing-coverts mixed gray- ish and buffy. Upper surface of tail Fuscous, lower surface paler; the rectrices, except outermost, margined basally with olive gray and ter- minally with grayish. Remarks: Sexes alike. Wings shorter than in diadema. Range of measurements: two adult males—wing, 60-63 (61.5) mm; tail, 59-67 (63); culmen from base, 10.5-10.5 (10.5); one immature male—wing, 59; tail, 65; culmen from base, 10.5; two adult females—wing, 58, 58; tail, —, culmen from base, 10, 11; one specimen of undetermined sex— wing, 61; tail, 66; culmen from base, 11. Measurements of diadema from Ecuador and Colombia: five adult males—wing, 66-73 (69); tail (4), 64-70 (67.5); culmen from base, 11-11.5 (11.1); four adult females —wing, 67-70 (68.2); tail, 65-69 (67.2); eculmen from base, 11-11.5 (13.4). 142 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington The shorter wing in federalis is notable. Hallmayr2° says a male from Cerro del Avila has a wing of 62 mm., which agrees with our measure- ments. The males have wings 10.6 percent shorter than diadema and the females 15 percent; without overlap: 60, 62 (Hellmayr), 63 Average 61.7 federalis 3 adult és: 66, 68, 68, 70, 73 69 diadema_ 5 adult és: 58, 58 i 15) federalis 2 adult Qs: 65, 67, 68, 69 Ce. 68.2 diadema 4 adult Qs: Description of juvenal plumage of undetermined sex, No. 13207: Feathers of crown dull yellowish basally, grayish apically, posterior ones chestnut forming a line against the dusky olive of occiput and nape; back and uropygium dull olivaceous; lores and sides of head mixed chestnut and olivaceous. Under parts pale brownish with a chestnut wash across breast and sides of throat. Remiges Benzo Brown on upper surface margined externally with olivaceous, paler on primaries; upper wing coverts uniform with back; under wing-coverts and axillaries pale brownish. Tail Benzo Brown, upper surfaces of rectrices edged with olivaceous. Description of nestling of undetermined sex, No. 56798: upper and under parts olivaceous, lighter on forehead and more buffy on abdomen and under tail-coverts. Specimens Examined C. d. citrinifrons—PERU8: Maraynioc, 1 ¢, 1 9; Ramiricruz,1 ¢, 12 3) Palambla, 1 3. C. d. diadema.—ECUADORS: Intag, 2 ¢; Mindé, 1 ¢; Gualea,1 ¢; Sumaco Arriba, 1 ¢; Baeza, 1 ¢ juv., 2 9; Nanegal, 1 (?); Tambillo, 1 (2); COLOMBIA8: El Edén, 1 ¢, 1 2, 1 (?) juv.; Santa Elena, 1 (%); Salento, 1 3; w. of Popay4n, 1 ¢,1 9; ‘‘Bogoté,’’ 9 (?), 1 (?) juv. VENEZUELA: Boca de Monte, Téchira, 1 ¢,1 9,1 (?) juv.; Montafias Sierra, Mérida, 1 68; Valle, 1 (?)8; El Rincén, Trujillo, Poo ok Ue Ailv.- a. ea. : C. d. federalis—VENEZUELA: Colonia Tovar, 1 ¢, 1 ¢ juv.; No Leén, 1 (?) juv.; El Junquito, 1 ¢ (type), 2 2,1 (?), 1 nestling. 2 Cat. Bds. Americas, etc., Pt. 11, p. 5, 1938. Phelps and Phelps, Jr.—Eight New Birds 148 1. Aves (Ven) 325 Km. 1. Blanquilla a Fl. Orchilp “Los Hermanos ,.! Los Testegos ° S?deS Lu ; ay | Tobago = aN ie 6 WW L Tortuga |. Margarita I Los Freiles ae oO < oe \.Cubagua © ~e) Coche o de Arayan a c (2330) (31) ears 6 de Caria. rep (39) J ORT URANY IA, 32) 2" 2 Oy 38¥ A A. Pea! olfo Iciste 4 —— ucumiquire Negro ‘eo e MONAG AS vN s“-- jC Lamp Pinas f/ se. yp I; O 4 te \ pits < se @; tog eatin VENE 0 50 100 200 MILLAS 300 KiLOMETROS Curvos de nivel en metros List of Localities 15 Albarregas, Rio 38 Caripe 14 Altos de Estanques 21 Cendé 52 Atures 15 Chama, Rio 29 Avila, Cerro del 47 Chimantaé-tepui, Cerro 2 Avispa, Camp. 17 Ciudad Bolivia 3 Ayapa (= La Sabana) 28 Colonia Tovar 33 Barcelona 29 Cotiza 2 Barranquilla (Périj4) 53 Cuao, Cafio 13 Boca de Monte 22 Cubiro 5 Bramén 15 Culata, Paramo de La 8 Burgua 34 Cuman4 43 Camborere 23 Cumbre de Valencia 43 Carabobo 42 Curiapo 29 Caracas 58 Duida, Cerro 36 Carapas 10 El Amparo 144 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington El Cerrén, Cerro El Cogollal, Cerro El Escondido El Escorial, Paramo El Junquito El Pilar El Platanal El Polaco Mine El Rincén El Vigia Galipan Golfo Triste, Cerro Guacharo Guarenas Higuerote Irapa Izecaragua, Hacienda Jeretaca, Cerro Jurustaco, Cerro Kabanayén, Misién Kunana Lago de Valencia La Prisién La Sabana Las Alturitas Las Bonitas Las Canoas Las Carmelitas Las Delicias Llano Rucio Loma Redonda Loro, Péramo del Los Palmales Mesa de Lino Montafias Sierra Negro, Cerro (Monagas) Nericagua Neveri, Rio Nichare, Rio 28 48 46 No Leén Pacara, Cafio Paurai-tepui, Cerro Pejochaina, Cerro Peonia, Cerro El Pie Nudo, Perija Pinos, Paramo de los Puerto Yapacana Quebrada Seca Queniquea Quintero Quirinchi, Cerro San Carlos (Amazonas) San Cristébal San Fernando de Atabapo Santa Ana Valley Santa Barbara (Barinas) Santa Clara, Hacienda Santa Maria de Ipire Santo Domingo Sierra Sierra de Carabobo Silla de Caracas Socuy, Rio SororopAn-tepui, Cerro Tacarigua de la Laguna Tama, Paramo de Tamuypejocha, Cerro Tare Tetari, Cerro Tiara Timotes Turumiquire, Cerro Tutare, Cerro Valle Villa Paez Yavita-Pimichin Portage Yin-taina, Cerro August 10, 1953 BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW NEOGAEAN RHAGOVELIA (HEMIPTERA: VELIIDAE) By Cart J. Drake, Iowa State College, Ames, Iowa The present paper describes nine new species of Neotropical veliids, commonly called broad shouldered or ripple water- striders of the genus Rhagovelia Mayr. All comparative mea- surements are to the same scale, at the same magnification, and such that 80 units equal 1 millimeter. The types are in the collection of the author. Rhagovelia acapulcana, sp. new Apterous female: Large, fusiform, black with a short interrupted band near the front margin of pronotum orange-brown; econnexiva broadly margined with yellowish brown, the large terminal spines black; basal part of antennae, most of all acetabula, middle and hind coxae, all trochanters and basal part of fore femora pale testaceous. Body beneath, head in front and fore part of pronotum bluish. Length, 4.10 mm.; width, 1.36 mm. Head with usual impressed lines and marks. Antennae with a few scat- tered stiff hairs on first two segments, measurements—segment I, 76; II, 45; III, 30; IV, 35. Pronotum large, covering most of mesonotum, punctate, broadly rounded behind, with median carina, beset with long erect dark hairs along entire hind margin, the width and length sub- equal (100:98) Abdomen sharply narrowed on basal part, then slowly tapering for the last three segments; connexiva moderately wide, strong- ly reflexed, with the outer margins not touching and projecting above the tergites, each connexivum termining behind in a very long, stout, black, hairy spine, which is directed obliquely inwardly so that the tips of the two spines contact each other. Apex of genital segment broad, sharply truncate. Anterior trochanters unarmed; tibiae slightly dilate and slightly excavate on apical half. Measurement of middle femora, 164; tibiae, 100; tarsi II, 16 and III, 28. Male and winged form un- known. \b Holotype (female), Acapulco, Mex., July 23, 1950, and 1 paratype, ls same locality, Aug. 3, 1951, both by C. J. Drake. : The extremely large black spine at the posterior end of each connexi- vum separates this insect at once from other American species of the genus. Rhagovelia zeteki, sp. new Apterous form: Small, fusiform, dark brown with a solid orange- yellow band near anterior margin of pronotum, clothed with short golden pubescence and fine erect brownish hairs (hairs a little more numerous in male). Basal part of antennae, fore and hind coxae and the basal 19—Proc. Biou. Soc. WASH., Vou. 66, 1953 (145) 146 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington part of fore femora (nearly half beneath) pale testaceous. Legs and antennae black-fuscous. Length, 3.10 mm., width, 1.12 mm. _ Male: Antennae with the first three segment beset in front with numerous long brown hairs; measurements—I, 55; II, 35; III, 31; IV, 31. Legs with numerous long dark brown hairs; anterior trochanters unarmed, the tibiae a little dilate and flattened apically. Measurement of middle femora, 130; tibiae, 73; tarsi II, 40 and III, 58. Hind fe- mora considerably swollen, armed near the basal third with a large bent black-tipped spine, thence to apex with a double row (8-10 spines in row) of smaller-decreasing spines; tibiae a little bent, with spur at apex, armed beneath with a double row of numerous short blunt teeth; measurements—femora, 102; tibiae, 84; tarsi II, 9 and ITI, 21. First genital segment beneath a little impressed basally, especially on the sides. Pronotum large, wider than long (85:72), with median carina, broadly rounded behind, covering most of metanatum. Female: Antennal hairs and measurements almost identical with male. Pronotum large, covering most of mesonotum, with feeble median carina, wider than long (92:70). Abdomen more sharply narrowed on basal part, narrow and nearly parallel on last three segments; connexiva moderately wide, reflexed almost vertically, with upper edge subparallel on last three segments. Anterior trochanters unarmed. Measurements of middle femora, 120; tibiae, 102; tarsi II, 45 and III, 56. Hind femora inecrassate but not as thick as in male, with similar armature; tibiae as in male; tarsi II, 6 and III, 20. Macropters form: Pronotum with distinct median carina; humeral angles a little elevated; hind triangular part with apex rounded; very little wider than long (110:100). Hemelytra dark fuscous with veins darker, longer than abdomen. Male not quite as broad as female. Length, 3.23 mm.; width, 1.38 mm. Holotype (male) and allotype (female), both apteous, taken in a small stream, Barro Colorado, Canal Zone, Panama, Feb. 6-8, 1939, C. J. Drake. Paratypes: 1 apterous and I alate male, 2 alate and 6 apterous females, taken with type. The color, markings and armature of hind legs separate this species from R. femoralis Champion. Rhagovelia citata, sp. new Apterous form: Moderately stout, long, reddish brown with tergites dark fuscous, sometimes mostly reddish brown; legs dark fuscous above, paler beneath, the coxae and trochanters yellowish brown to brownish; antennae dark fuscous, base of first segment testaceous; pronotum yel- lowish in front. Body beneath brownish, sometimes darker and then quite bluish; metasternum at times blackish. Color a little variable in a long series of specimens. Length, 5.20 mm., width, 1.50 mm. Male: Pronotum large, covering most of mesonotum, slightly convex, coarsely punctate, with fairly distinct median carina, very little wider than long (120:110). Pubescence on thorax and abdomen short, golden; hairs fine, erect, moderately numerous, brownish yellow. Abdomen slowly tapering to apex; connexiva also gradually tapering, moderately wide, reflexed obliquely upward. Anterior trochanters unarmed; tibiae nearly straight, slightly dilate, shallowly grooved within apically. Median legs very long; measurements—femora, 200; tibiae, 150; tarsi II, 70 and Drake—New Neogaean Rhagovelia 147 III, 76. Hind trochanters beset with numerous short teeth, without a long spine; femora moderately incrassate, armed with a large black- tipped tooth near the basal two-fifths, thence to apex with a row of 12-15 shorter and rapidly decreasing teeth, also an inner row of many short closely-set teeth paralleling from the larger spines to apex, and besides a row of closely-set teeth from near base to the large spine; tibiae al- most straight, armed beneath with a row of many very closely-set dark teeth and a partial second row with a few scattered teeth, also a stout spur at apex; measurements—femora, 160; tibiae, 168; tarsi II, 21 and III, 37. Median carina of venter becoming evanescent before attaining the last tergite; last tergite nearly twice as long as preceding segment. First genital segment constricted at base beneath and on sides; para- meres long, bent a little beyond the base, broadly rounded at apex. Female: Broader than male; antennal measurements almost identical. Pronotum wider than long (140:120), broadly rounded behind. Abdo- men strongly narrowed basally, then slowly tapering to apex. Connexiva broad, strongly reflexed, with outer margins meeting within on last three segments, flaring from there anteriorly, subrounded behind, upper dorsal end of each connexivum with a small dense clump of rather long dark brown hairs, nearly spine-like in appearance. Venter without me- dian carina. Measurement of middle femora, 204; tibiae, 160; tarsi II, 72 and III, 82. Fore trochanters unarmed. Hind trochanters un- armed; femora a little swollen, armed at apical third with a fairly large spine, then followed by three or four much smaller ones; tibiae without denticulations, with short spur at apex; measurements—femora, 172; tibiae, 180: tarsi II, 26 and III, 32. Alate female: Pronotum more strongly convex, with distinct median carina, with a very long horn-like apical projection, which is nearly cylindrical, hairy and with apical third tapering and bent obliquely downward; width across humeral angles, 160 units; median length to base of horn, 180 units, including horn 290 units. Hemelytra blackish fuscous, longer than abdomen. Length, 5.75 mm.; width, 2.00 mm. Winged male unknown. Holotype (male) and allotype (female), Canal Zone, Panama, Feb. 12, 1939, C. J. Drake. Paratypes: 48 specimens taken with type; 5 specimens, Caracas, Venez., C. V. Berthier; 20 specimens, Curupao, Sept. 9, 1939, C. V. Berthier, and 25 specimens, Carayaco, D. F., Oct. 12, 1951, J. A. Roze. The hairy dorsal surface (especially in male), male parameres, con- nexiva in apterous female and the pronotal horn in winged female sepa- rate this large species from its congeners. Rhagovelia itatiaiana, sp. new Apterous form: Moderately large, fusiform, blackish with large promi- nent yellowish brown markings. Pronotum testaceous with a large, trans- verse, ovate, blackish spot occupying basal part. Antennae brownish black with basal two-fifths of first segment whitish testaceous. Pro- and mesopleura, median stripe on metapleura, all coxae, all trochanters, basal half of anterior femora, underside of hind femora, almost entire ventral surface of the abdomen, first genital segment beneath, exterior margins of mesonotum and both sides of connexiva testaceous, sometimes also with a slight orange tinge. Abdominal tergites with a little bluish shade. 148 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Head in front and sometimes also a median dorsal stripe testaceous. Pubescence brownish in dark areas, much paler in light areas. Length, 3.25 mm; width, 1.38 mm. Male: Head with an impressed median line, with the usual long hairs. Antennae shortly pilose, with the usual long bristly hairs on first two segments, measurements—(male) I, 65; II, 40; III, 45; IV, 38 and (fe- male) I, 60; II, 35; III, 40; IV, 35. Pronotum covering about one-half of mesonotum, rounded behind, wider than long (85:46); mesonotum shorter than pronotum on median line (30:46); metanotum truncate behind, with sides and narrow hind part exposed, the visible hind part about one-fifth as long as exposed mesonotum. Abdomen and connexiva gradually narrowing posteriorly, the latter obliquely upright. Anterior trochanters unarmed; tibiae a little dilate apically. Middle femora very little swollen; measurements—femora, 120; tibiae, 95; tarsi II, 45 and IIT, 56. Hind trochanters unarmed; femora moderately inerassate, a little variable in thickness, armed beneath just behind the middle with a large, dark, outwardly-bent spine, thence to apex with a more or less double row of short, stout, dark spines, in front of the large tooth a long row composed of 10-12 very short dark teeth; measurements— femora, 100; tibiae, 82; tarsi II, 8 and III, 22. Abdomen with a me- dian hairy ridge; last ventrite impressed on each side, the median carina a little more elevated and with longer hairs. Female: Venter not carinate; trochanters unarmed. Hind femora a little incrassate, smaller than in male, armed a little behind the middle with a large bent spine, thence to apex with much shorter spines; mea- surements—femora, 106; tibiae, 104; tarsi II, 8 and III, 15. Middle legs: femora, 124; tibiae, 116; tarsi II, 40; III, 56. Connexiva wider than in male, practically upright. Color and markings as in male. Type (male) and allotype (female), and 24 paratypes, Faz Penedo, Italiaia, Guapimir M. and Gavea, Rio Janeiro, Brazil. This species is strikingly marked and very similar in appearance to R. mira Drake and Harris from Cuba. Mira, however, is a much larger species with more sharply rounded hind margin of pronotum, without median carina on inferior surface of abdomen. The measurements of the appendages are also different. Rhagovelia triangula, sp. new Apterous male: Small, fusiform, with a short, transverse, interrupted orange band near front pronotal margin; pubescence brownish. Base of first antennal segment, all coxae, all trochanters (save sometimes me- dian), and basal third of anterior femora testaceous. Rustrum dark ferrugineous. Body beneath, front of head and fore part of pronotum bluish. Length, 2.85 mm.; width, 1.25 mm. Pronotum produced posteriorly, covering nearly one-half of mesono- tum, broadly rounded behind, wider than long (78:44). Mesonotum not as long as pronotum, wider than long. Antennal measurements—lI, 58; II, 32; III, 40; IV, 40. Anterior trochanter unarmed; tibiae slightly dilate apically. Measurements of middle femora, 120; tibiae, 95; tarsi II, 52 and III, 56. Hind trochanters unarmed; femora moderately in- crassate, armed near the basal third with a long dark spine, thence to apex with seven or eight smaller and rapidly decreasing spines; tibiae nearly straight, armed beneath with numerous, closely-set, short, stout Drake—New Neogaean Rhagovelia 149 teeth, and at the apex with a sharp spur; measurements— femora, 84; tibiae, 90; tarsi, II, 12 and III, 25. Winged female: Head and antennae as in male. Pronotum moderately convex, extremely long, with hind part longly produced, nearly flat, coarsely punctate, rounded at apex, distinctly longer than wide (160: 120). Hemelytra dark brown, much longer than abdomen, the veins fairly distinct. Venter with the hairy median carina not present on last segment; last ventrite longer than the preceding two segments, strongly narrowed ventrally and laterally to hind margin. Measurements of middle femora, 100; tibiae, 92; tarsi II, 45 and III, 55. Hind femora a little incrassate, not as large as in male, armed at the apical third with a rather short spine, then followed with three or four shorter ones. Wingless female unknown. Length, 4.00 mm.; width, 1.25 mm. Macropterous male: Similar to female in general aspect. Pronotum much shorter and equal in width and length (110:110), the posterior triangular part not unusually extended behind. Holotype (apterous male), and allotype (alate female), Guapimir M. Rio de Janeiro, Braz. Paratypes, 4 specimens, taken with the type. Separated from its congeners (pronotum concealing about one-half of mesonotum in apterous form) by the measurements of appendages, male parameres and the unusually longly produced hind part of the pronotum in the winged female. The pronotum in the alate female does not bear a horn or other modifications, just the regular hind triangular part longly extended. Rhagovelia paulana, sp. new Apterous form: Small, fusiform, black with bluish tinge above, more bluish beneath; pubescent hairs brownish, lighter on abdomen; prono- tum with the short yellowish band near front margin divided at middle. Legs blackish fuscous, the narrow outer margins of acetabula, front and hind coxae and trochanters, and narrow basal part of fore femora pale testaceous. Antennae dark fuscous with the basal part of first segment pale testaceous. Length (male), 2.55 mm. and (female), 3.00 mm.; width (male), 1.23 mm. and (female), 1.35 mm. Male: Head with impressed median line, the scattered hairs on pleura and head rather short. Pronotum very short, not produced posteriorly, much wider than long (82:20). Antennae shortly pilose, with the usual stiff hairs on first two segments, measurements—I, 56; II, 37; III, 34; IV, 35. Mesonotum large, concealing most of metanotum, wider than long (84:68), obliquely narrowed posteriorly with apex rather broad and subtruncate. Abdomen tapering posteriorly, more strongly so on last three segments. Anterior trochanters with a stout subapical spine, the tibiae feebly widened apically. Measurement of middle femora, 132; tibiae, 100; tarsi II, 54 and III, 58. Hind femora moderately incrassate, armed with a large, dark, bent spine just in front of middle, thence followed by eight or nine decreasingly smaller spines; tibiae straight, without spines or teeth, with a small spur at apex, measure- ments—femora, 90; tibiae, 110; tarsi II, 5 and III, 18. First genital segment nearly cylindrical. Parameres small. Female: Antennal measurements almost identical with male. Mesono- tum behind wider than long (108:70), strongly depressed behind so as to leave a narrow flat apical part on a lower level, subtruncate at apex. 150 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Front trochanters unarmed. Hind femora very little swollen, armed about the apical two-fifths with a moderately long bent spine, then fol- lowed by five or six very short blunt teeth; measurements—femora, 92; tibiae, 112; tarsi II, 6 and III, 18. Connexiva broad, strongly reflexed, resting on the surface of last tergite but with exterior margins con- siderably separated, thence anteriorly flaring and with the sides nearly vertical at the base. Last ventrite long, almost quadrate, nearly flat, fuseous-black without any bluish tinge. Macropterous form: Pronotum moderately convex, rather sharply round behind, with a feeble median carina, the width and length subequal (104:102). Hemelytra much longer than abdomen, fuscous-black, rather dull, with veins not prominent, with a little scattered pubescent on basal part of outer and median vein. Length, 3.40 mm.; width, 1.36 mm. Holotype (female) and allotype (male), both apterous, Campinas, San Paulo, Braz., Oct., 1938, C. J. Drake. Paratypes: Many specimens, alate and apterous, same data as type. Size, measurements and armature of legs, male parameres and the connexiva of wingless female separate this insect from other members of the genus having short, sutured-off pronotum. Rhagovelia novana, sp. new Small, blackish with a short, median, interrupted, yellowish stripe on pronotum; pubescence dark brown; body beneath dark bluish, the pro- notum also a little bluish. Antennae brownish black with basal part of first segment testaceous. Legs brownish black, the anterior coxae testa- ceous. Length (male), 2.30 mm., (female) 2.50 mm.; width (male), 1.10 mm.; (female), 1.25 mm. Winged form unknown. Male: Head with usual impressed lines and scattered long hairs. An- tennae shortly pilose, with the usual bristly hairs on first two segments: measurements—I, 65; II, 45; III, 38; IV, 35 (same in both sexes). Pronotum very short, not produced posteriorly over mesonotum, much wider than long (68:18). Mesonotum large, convex above, covering most of metanotum, wider than long (82:62). Abdomen strongly tapering posteriorly; connexiva wide, gradually tapering to the end of the last tergite, reflexed obliquely upward. Legs long, slender, all femora un- armed in both sexes; anterior trochanters unarmed; hind tibiae without distinct spur at apex. Anterior tibiae slightly dilate apically; measure- ments of middle legs—femora, 150; tibiae, 100; tarsal segment II, 32 and III, 28. Hind legs—femora, 110; tibiae, 116; tarsal segment II, 4 and III, 10. First genital setment rounded above, feebly roundly excavated behind. Female: Broader than male; pronotum very short, not produced be- hind over mesonotum. Antennal measurements as in male. Mesonotum large, wider than long (92:80). Abdomen strongly narrowed posteriorly, unusually strongly constricted at the base of last segment, there narrow and nearly flat laterally, then abruptly widened behind, the apical part enlarged and about three times as wide as at constriction; connexiva strongly refiexed, not quite resting on tergites on basal half, from the constricted part posteriorly resting on tergites with their outer margins in contact with each other; abdominal tergite at base of constriction with a median semiovate plate raised vertically and projecting obliquely posteriorly between the outer edges of the reflexed connexiva, the outer Drake—New Neogaean Rhagovelia 151 edge of the plate clothed with rather long hairs; genital segments also with long brownish hairs. Legs unarmed, about the same thickness as in male. Measurements—middle femora, 142; tibiae, 108; tarsi II 64 and ITI, 56. Hind femora, 100; tibiae, 144; tarsi II, 11 and IIT, 23. The extremely constricted abdomen (a little before apex) with en- larged short apical part and the singular vertical plate-like structure before apex of abdomen separate this peculiar insect at once from its congeners. The hind femora of the male is unarmed as in R. longipes Gould, but the entire insect is much smaller. Rhagovelia janeira, sp. new Apterous form: Moderately large, stout, blackish with a transverse, interrupted, orange-testaceous band on pronotum; pubescence brownish. Antennae brownish black with the basal third of first segment testaceous. Legs brownish black, the basal two-thirds of anterior femora, most of acetabula, all coxae and fore and hind trochanters testaceous. Under- side of entire body bluish black, pronotum also a little bluish. Length (male), 3.20 mm. (female), 3.75 mm.; width (male), 1.35 mm. (female), 1.50 mm. Apterous male: Head with the usual impressed marks and scattered long hairs. Pronotum very short, not produced posteriorly over mesono- tum, much wider than long (85:20). Mesonotum large, moderately con- vex, wider than long (92:80), narrowed posteriorly from humeral an- gles, leaving the outer part of metanotum exposed. Antennae shortly pilose, with the usual bristly hairs on first two segments; measurements— segment J, 85; II, 45; III, 50; IV, 40. Anterior legs with coxae un- armed; femora a little flattened within apically, also indistinctly grooved. Middle legs unarmed; femora, 150; tibiae, 100; tarsi II, 60 and ITI, 60. Hind legs with trochanters unarmed; posterior femora scarcely en- larged, armed with a dark outwardly-bent spine just beyond the middle, then followed by three or four very short teeth; femora, 110; tibiae, 120; tarsi IJ, 12 and III, 18. Abdomen narrowed posteriorly, with last segment much longer than preceding; connexiva also narrowed posteri- orly, reflexed obliquely upwards. Apterous female: Broader than male. Antennal measurements as in male. Pronotum short (21:105). Mesonotum wider than long (130:114), obliquely narrowed posteriorly with apex obtuse and turned downward. Metanotum exposed on sides of mesonotum. Abdominal tergites strongly narrowed posteriorly, with last two segments unusually narrow. Con- nexiva wide, strongly reflexed, with outer margins of last segment and apex of preceding meeting on median line of abdomen, thence anteriorly with sides flaring so as to leave a large basal, triangular, concave area of abdomen exposed, margins in distal half quite hairy. Legs unarmed. Alate form: Female stouter than male. Pronotum considerably con- vex, with fairly distinct median carina, rather sharply rounded behind, the width and length subequal (144:140) Hemelytra dark fuscous, longer than abdomen, the veins darker, a little raised, with short golden hairs on basal half. Holotype (male) and allotype (female), both apterous, Bello Hori- zonte, Braz., Oscar Monte. Paratypes: 38 apterous specimens (2 males and 36 females) and 4 alate specimens (1 male and 3 females), taken with holotype; 3 specimens, Rio de Janeiro, Braz., Nov, 1938, C. J. 152 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Drake; 3 specimens, Rio de Janeiro, Braz., Nov. 10, 1938, Fritz Plau- mann. The color markings, measurements of antennae and legs and the female connexiva separate this species from other forms having very short pronotum in the apterous state. The parameres are short, quite hairy and rounded at the apex. Rhagovelia rioana, sp. new Apterous Form: Small, black with the short pronotal band inter- rupted at the middle; pubescence brownish; entire body beneath bluish gray, sometimes also the fore part of pronotum. Antennae black with proximal part of first segment pale testaceous. Legs entirely black, sometimes the fore coxae partly flavous. Length (male), 2.75 mm. and (female), 3:00 mm.; width (male), 1.30 mm. and female, 1.42 mm. Male: Head with the usual impressed median line and seattered long hairs. Antennae shortly pilose, with a few scattered bristly hairs on first two segments; measurements—I, 92; II, 48; III, 45; IV, 50. Pronotum very short, not produced over mesonotum, much wider than long (85:25). Mesonotum large, covering most of metanotum, roundly narrowed on the sides posteriorly, blunt and rounded at the apex, wider than long (100:70). Metanotum largely concealed; with hind margin and sides visible. Abdomen strongly tapering posteriorly; connexiva slightly reflexed, with outer margin feebly rounded. First genital seg- ment beneath almost cylindrical. Legs long and slender. Anterior tro- chanters unarmed; tibiae not dilate. Length of middle femora, 180; tibia, 120; tarsi II, 68; III, 64. Hind femora not incrassate, unarmed, the tibiae also unarmed and without apical spur: measurements—fe- mora, 120; tibiae, 130; tarsi II, 10 and III, 35. Female: Broader than male, with appendages about the same size. Pronotum short and sutured-off as in male. Mesonotum large, covering most of metanotum, broader than long (104:76), with apex broad and subtruncate. Abdomen strongly tapering posteriorly, slightly constricted a little in front of genital segment; connexiva completely reflexed be- hind, with outer margins barely in contact on penultimate tergite, with outer margins raised and flaring anteriorly, obliquely narrowed on last tergite leaving the median part of tergite uncovered, last tergite raised medially apically so as to form a narrow plate with the rounded apex projecting a little over narrow basal part of genital segment. Last ventrite nearly as long as the two preceding segments. Alate form: Pronotum moderately convex, with a fairly distinct me- dian carina, nearly triangular behind with apex rounded, very little wider than long (124:110). Hemelytra dark fuscous, wings fuscous, both longer than abdomen; tips of both wings broken-off in front of the genital segments in both male and female. Holotype (male) and allotype (female), both aperous, Guapimir M., Rio de Janeiro, Braz. Paratypes, 14 specimens, same data as type. The small size, measurements of appendages, unarmed and not swollen hind femora and the connexiva and last tergite in female distinguish R. rioana from R. longipes and allied forms with slender and unarmed legs. \S i \i ’ / OCT 9 ~ 1953 } } er “% bar) y Vol. 66, pp. 153-158 Ng i ad KF October 1, 1953 BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NOTES ON SOME SPECIES OF CINARA, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES FROM PINON PINE (APHIDAE) ¥F. C. Horres Some twenty five years ago I gave up as fruitless, collecting on Pinon Pine for new Aphid species. Not long ago, while I should have been collecting grasshoppers in a stand of young and vigorous Pifion Pine, my resistance weakened, with the result that I soon discovered the species described herewith. Cinara pinona n. sp. Apterous viviparous female. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to tip of anal plate vary- ing from 3.14-3.26mm. for cleared mounted specimens, living and un- treated specimens shorter. Head brown, thorax brown but darker than head, both lightly and irregularly covered with powder. Abdomen always highly polished with a metallic sheen, either with the lateral portions brown and the dorsum darker brown, or very dark brown with a greenish east. Cornicles with bases dark brown and the restricted portion brownish, black, or brownish-black, always polished. Near the anterior end of the abdomen the sides as a rule have a small bit of powder. There is a rather poorly defined median line of powder on the dorsum. Just anterior to the cornicles there are rather extensive areas extending inwardly to the mid line of light powder. Near the posterior end of the abdomen, just anterior to the origin of the cauda there are small lateral areas of powder which extend as a band across the ventral surface. The ventral surface of the abdomen is dark polished brown except for the first two abdominal segments and part of the third, these segments are powdery, similar to the ventral surface of the meso and metathorax. Antennae pale with apical portions of segments darker, with the excep- tion of the sixth segment which is entirely dusky. Femora yellowish- brown with apical portions darker. Tibiae with region near base blackish- brown, this region is followed by a short yellowish area which m turn is followed by a blackish-brown region. Tarsi concolorous with apical portions of tibiae. The interument of the abdomen is very thin, or if not thin very translucent. Head and thorax.—Width of head across eyes .71mm. Antennal seg- ments with the following lengths: III .328-.429mm., IV .157-.214mm., V .171-.243mm., VI .085 + .071mm. Hair on antennae not numerous, set at an angle of about forty-five degrees and slightly shorter than width of segment. Primary sensorium on third antennal segment absent in all but one ease. Secondary sensoria distributed as follows: III in only one case, one, IV none, V one. Ocular tubercles well developed. Rostrum with last three segments with the following lengths: .214, .171, 20—Proc. Bion. Soc. WasH., Vou. 66, 1953 (153) 154 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington .057mm. Median suture on head continued on segments of thorax. Ros- trum extending to cornicles. Hind tibiae varying from 2.43-2.50mm. Hair on hind tibiae about half width of tibiae in length, fine, very numer- ous and much inclined especially near apex. Hair on pro and meso- thoracic tibiae not so fine, not so inclined, and less numerous. Hind tarsal segments with the following lengths: .08, .286mm. Yellowish area on tibiae of pro and mesothorax much more extensive than that on tibiae of metathorax. Mesosternum with a small median tubercle. Abdomen.—Cornicles with outer margin very irregular, often with clear areas, about .286-.347mm. across. Hair on base of cornicles very scarce, on restricted portion present only in moderate numbers, similar to hair on dorsum of abdomen. Dorsum of abdomen finely reticulated. Transverse pigmented spot divided, each half with about seven hairs on the posterior margin. Anterior to these spots there are two pigmented areas which are also coarsely reticulated, the edges of these areas are serrate, as a rule the lateral anterior edges flare outwards as well as for- wards. It is common for these areas to have several short hair, and they may be joined by one or more median teeth. Cauda almost free from hair on the dorsum, except for that along the posterior margin. Cauda short for its width. Alate viviparous female. Size and general color.—Color much as in apterous viviparous female. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate varying from 2.43-2.86mm. The distribution of powder on the abdomen differs greatly from that of the apterous viviparous female. The amount of powder seems to de- pend somewhat on age. Young specimens have a broad V shaped powdery area on the anterior end of the abdomen, the apex of the V being con- tinued as a median line of powder to the apex. Older specimens have most of the abdomen anterior to the cornicles more or less covered with powder. The cornicles and area in between being blackish or greenish- brown and highly polished, and the median line much broader. The powder free area continues a short distance in back of the cornicles as a sort of band which is followed by powder to the apex of the abdomen. Except for the powder free area just mentioned, the entire ventral sur- face of the abdomen is lightly covered with powder. Head and thorax.—Hair on third antennal segment quite upstanding, at an angle of more than forty-five degrees, shorter than width of seg- ment. Secondary sensoria on third segment large rather tuberculate. Length of antennal segments as follows: III .429-471mm., IV .157- .228mm., V .171-.243mm., VI .1 + .049mm. Fifth antennal segment sometimes equal to fourth, as a rule slightly longer. Secondary sensoria distributed as follows: third segment 2-4 the four represented by only one case, 2 and 3 sensoria about equal in number, fourth segment 0-1 most cases none. Fifth segment 1. Rostrum reaching base of cornicles, most frequently beyond, last three segments with the following lengths: .20, .185, .07mm. Second segment of rostrum pale to near middle, fol- lowed by a spotted region which in turn is followed by dark brown area. Veins of wings very indistinct, second fork of media mid way be- tween first and margin of wing, when not thus closer to margin of wing. Hind tibiae varying from 2.43-2.64mm. Hair on hind tibiae rather fine, F.C. Hottes—New Cinara Species From Pition Pine 155 much inclined and about .057mm. in length, or slightly shorter than width of tibiae. Abdomen.—Cornicles with base very irregular, often with clear areas, about .171-.286mm. across, with few hair. Cauda dusky brown at outer margin, rest clear, only margin with hair. Transverse pigmented spots as in apterous viviparous female, pigmented spots anterior to these absent. Holytype alate viviparous female, morphotype apterous viviparous fe- male, both deposited in the United States National Museum. Taken July 17th a few miles East of Glade Park, Colorado, on Pinus cembroides var edulis. It was taken only once in nature but a few specimens have been reared in Grand Junction. It was taken, and has been reared on the bark of young limbs of the host tree, which was young and vigorous. It would appear to be allied to Cinara schwarzii (W) to which it may not be keyed in Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara in Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region. It differs from Cinara edulis (W) not only in size but in the distribution of powder, and in the color of the legs, thickness of interument to name just a few factors. From C. schwaret the species differs in size, being much smaller, and it should be noted that all measurements for schwarzii are from living specimens mounted directly in Balsam. The femora are less dark, the pale area on the pro and mesothoracie tibiae is more extensive, the hair on the hind tibiae slightly longer, and much more powder on the abdomen of the alate. Both edulis and schwarzii have mesosternal tubercles, but they are much better developed than those of pifiona. Cinara wahtolca n. sp. Apterous viviparous female. Size and general color:—Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 2.86-3.36mm. Head and prothorax covered with white powder, eyes black. Mesothorax with two median black spots, and similar spots at the sides, remainder of mesothorax covered wtih powder. The metathorax has similar spots at the sides. The two lateral thoracic spots are separated by powder areas and extend inward almost to the median powder line. Similar black pots are found on the first and second ab- dominal segments, these extend inward and forward to join each other at their inner ends. Median to these lateral abdominal spots the median powder line expands into a powder patch. Anterior to the cornicles wide powder areas extend inward and forward to join the median powder patch. Median to the cornicles there is a rather wide blackish area, broken only by the powder line, which extends posterior to the cornicles, where it has several lateral processes. Cornicles black and highly polished. When the powder is removed the abdomen is brownish, with two dark pigmented spots on median portion of first two abdominal segments. The transverse pigmented spot is divided, anterior to these spots there are as a rule four small irregular shaped pigmented spots. Median suture of head very dark, and continued on thorax. Antennal segments dusky with apical portions darker. Femora dark brown except for short region near base. Tibiae with short region near base almost black this is followed by pale region which is in turn followed by a very dark brown to brownish-black region. Tarsi dark brown. Head and thorax.—Length of antennal segments as follows: III .50- 156 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington .52mm., IV .20-.2lmm., V .228-.257mm., VI .085-.114 + .042-.057mm. Primary sensorium on third antennal segment sometimes absent. Second- ary sensoria as follows: III 0-1, IV 0-1, V 0-1. Hair on antennae sub- equal to two times width of segment, rather coarse set at an angle of about 60 degrees, not numerous, about .07mm. in length. Hair on anterior margin of head slightly longer. Rostrum as a rule reaching beyond metathorax and almost to base of cornicles. Length of hind tibiae 2.07- 2.50mm. Length of tarsal segments .085 and .243 mm., total length of hind tarsus .314mm. Abdomen.—Base of cornicles very irregular in outline, it is common for the pigmented area of the base in the posterior region of the cornicle to be lacking up to the constricted region. Width of base of cornicle about .314mm. Hair on cornicles and dorsum of abdomen rather coarse and about .lmm. in length. Hair on dorsum of abdomen numerous. Hair on transverse pigmented spots in a single row, with one or two addi- tional hair. Cauda rather wide for its length. Alate viviparous female. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 2.51-3.21mm. Head and thorax, with the exception of the eyes and ocelli and anterior portion of the prothorax lightly covered with powder, over dark dusky brown. Median lobe of metathorax with much powder and highly raised. Lateral and ventral portions of abdomen with rather thick powder. Dorsum of abdomen with heavy rather wide median powder line with lateral extensions of various widths and lengths. Older specimens have large rather thick powder masses on the dorsum, younger specimens have less powder and it shows more origination, or design. Head thorax and abdomen.—Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .50-.53mm., IV .171-.185mm., V_ .228-.243mm., VI .1 + .042mm. Secondary sensoria on third segment arranged in a straight row, irregular in size, but some quite large, ranging in number from 7-9, IV with 1-2 as a rule one, V I. Hair on antennae about two times width of segment rather coarse set at an angle of about 60 degrees. Rostrum apparently slightly shorter than that of apterous viviparous female. Last three segments of the rostrum with the following lengths: .157-171mm., .114-.128mm., .042-.057mm. Media twice branched, the see- ond branch closer to margin of wing than to the first branch. With the exception of the radial sector all veins are pale. Hind tibiae 2.14- 2.34mm. in length. Hind tarsal segments as follows; first segment. .lmm., second segment .243-.283mm. total length of hind tarsus .314mm. The pigmented spots anterior to the transverse pigmented spots may be lacking in a few eases or may be very small. Remaining features as in apterous viviparous female. Holotype apterous viviparous female, morphotype alate viviparous fe- male. Both types deposited in the United States National Museum. This species may be collected on the bark of small limbs, and twigs, and the trunks of young and vigorous Pinus cembroides var edulis (Pifion pine). Its color blends well with the color of the bark of young trees and specimens are rather difficult to locate. It has been collected in two small areas on Pion Mesa, near Glade Park, Colorado, between July 8, and 25, 1953 It has also been reared on twigs in Grand Junction, F.C. Hottes—New Cinara Species From Prtion Pine 157 Colorado. Cinara wahtolca differs from all other described species from this host because of its extensive powder, from Cinara atra (G&P) and Cinara edulis (W) apterous viviparous females and most alates can be separated at once by the four pigmented spots anterior to the trans- verse pigmented areas. It has more body hair than atra and the hair on the body and tibiae differ greatly from the body hair on edulis. Cinara wahluca Hottes Alate viviparous female. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 3.00-3.28mm. Head dark brown, eyes black. Prothorax with anterior portion brownish-tan, remainder of prothorax brown. Meso- thorax and metathorax brown. Abdomen brown, base of cornicles brown but much darker than abdomen. Median posterior lobe of metathorax much raised and lightly powdered, the only powder present on the body. Antennae dusky with the apical portions of segments III, IV and V and all of VI darker. Femora with the exception of the extreme base which is pale, dark dusky. Tibiae in older specimens dark dusky through- out, younger specimens show the knees and apical portions darker than the area between. Tarsi dusky. Head and thorax. Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .314-.8247mm., IV .157-.171mm., V .20-.28mm., VI .08-.1 + .057-.071 mm. Width of head through the eyes .543mm. Secondary sensoria most unusual, third segment sometimes without, as a rule only one, in only one case with as many as three, IV 0-1 as a rule one, V 0-2 in only one case aS many as two, as a rule one. All secondary sensoria small with a tendency for them to be tuberculate. Hair as in apterous form, up- standing, fine, fairly numerous, longest about two times width of seg- ment. Rostrum almost reaching base of cornicles, last three segments with following lengths: .185, .20, .07mm. Ocular tubercles well de- veloped. Hind tibiae varying from 1.57-1.74mm. First segment of hind tarsus .J7mm. in length second segment .21mm, total length of hind tarsus .257 mm. Hair on hind tibiae fine fairly numerous that on fore part of tibiae upstanding that on apical portion at an angle of about 45 degrees. Hair on tibiae about one third longer than width of tibiae. Ventral surface of first segment of hind tarsus with about seven hairs. Wings dark with surface rather rough, second fork of media closer to margin than to first fork. Abdomen.—Dorsum of abdomen with four rows of small wax pore plates, the first segments of the abdomen have wax pore plates median to these. Base of cornicles very irregular, almost always much longer than wide, and as a rule with ome or more finger-like projections, and one or more clear areas. Provided with fairly numerous hairs similar to those on dorsum of abdomen. Width of base of cornicle about .20mm. There are two transverse pigmented spots, each provided with one and a partial second row of hair. Cauda with base pale, the hair on the cauda almost restricted to the pigmented portion. Morphotype alate viviparous female taken on Juniperus scopulorum under scales of bark, Pion Mesa, south of Glade Park, Colorado, on ‘“type tree.’’ July 2, 1953. Deposited in the United States National Museum. 158 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Cinara winonkae Hottes Dr. D. Hille Ris Lambers has determined a paratype specimen of this species as a synonym of Cinara tujafilina (Del Guercio). (New synony- my). He also indicates Lachnus biotae v.d.Goot and Cinara thujafoliae (Theobald) as synonyms of the species described by Del Guercio. Cinara pilicornis (Hartig) I have seen specimens of this species from the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station which Dr. Patch published on in Bulletin No. 202 of that station in 1912 under the name Lachnus hyalinus Koch. Hottes and Frison called this species Cinara pinicola (Kalt.); both names are junior synonyms of the species described by Hartig in 1841. Cinara laricifex (Fitch) Cinara laricifex (Fitch) has been considered a synonym of Cinara laricis Hartig. I have seen specimens of Cinara laricifex Fitch as de- termined and written up by Dr. Patch in Bulletin 202 of the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station. They agree with specimens taken by me in Minneapolis, Minnesota. I have not seen the Fitch type of this species which is in the National Museum in Washington. This type first mounted on a pin was remounted by Pergande and is reported to be in very poor condition. Miss Louise M. Russell of the United States National Museum has kindly compared material sent her with the Fitch type and has reported as follows: ‘‘The two apterous types of laricifex Fitch are in such terrible condition that it is impossible to obtain an authoritative opinion of them. I can see enough setae on the head, however, to be sure that your specimens from Lambers, labeled laricis Hartig, are not Fitch’s species. The other specimens that you originally determined as laricifex may represent this species. Your specimens agree with the few details that can be observed in the Fitch types, but these are insufficient for positive determination.’’ Hottes and Frison, 1931, correctly determined larics Hartig as held by D. Hille Lambers. I have seen a slide of this species from the Maine collection. It was not determined. The species described by Fitch cannot, as noted by Miss Russell, at the present time at least, be accurately associated with the species credited to Fitch by Dr. Patch. However, the species provisionally held here to be the same as that described by Fitch under the name laricifex differs greatly from the species named by Hartig. 2 or Fee ELAS 8} OCT 9 _ 1958 | i; Vol. 66, pp. 159- Np REO EIVED RS, October 1, 1953 OCEEDINGS:# OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES OF CINARA FROM WESTERN UNITED STATES (APHIDAE) F. C. Hortes anp E. O. Essia The authors acknowledge with thanks the assistance given by Prof. M. A. Palmer, D. Hille Ris Lambers and Miss Louise M. Russell in connection with the species here deseribed as new. Cinara serrai n. sp. Alate viviparous female Size and general color.—Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 5.43 mm. Color notes taken from cleared mounted specimens, none being available from life. Head and thorax brown. First two antennal seg- ments concolorous with head, basal fourth of third segment pale, remain- ing portion of third shading to brown at the apex. Fourth, fifth and sixth antennal segments brown. Femora deep dusky-brown, metathoracic femora somewhat lighter near base. Tibiae with area near base blackish- brown, followed by a short yellowish area, which in turn shades im. to dark dusky-brown, more than two thirds of the tibiae being of this color. Tarsi concolorous with end of tibiae. Spiracles within small brown- ish areas. Dorsum of abdomen with about four rows of small brownish wax pore plates. Transverse pigmented area, anterior to cauda almost divided. Cauda and anal plate brownish. Head and thorax.—Median suture of head very dark and broad. Hair on vertex and dorsum of head sharp pointed and about .042 mm. in length. Ocular tubercles moderately well developed. Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .858 mm., IV .343 mm., V .328 mm., VI .114 + .051 mm. All antennal segments imbricated, the imbrications being rather broad and ridge-like. Hair on all segments pointed and spine-like, that on the third segment being about .0429 mm. in length, or about as long as the width of the segment. Third antennal segment with from two to three small secondary sensoria, located near the apex. Fourth and fifth antennal segments each with one secondary sensorium. Rostrum twisted but most likely reaching beyond metathoracie coxae. Third segment of rostrum .31 mm. in length, fourth segment .27 mm., fifth segment .143 mm. Lateral lobes of thorax with a few sharp pointed hair. Media twice branched, the second branch being closer to the first than to the margin of the wing. Pigmented portion of stigma continuing beyond stigma more or less as an are. Hind tibiae 4.93 mm. in length. Hind tarsi with segments of the following lengths: first segment .143 mm. second segment .343 mm. total length of hind tarsi .414 mm. Hair on both inner and outer margins of the tibiae blunt to slightly knobbed at the end. Hair on outer margin about .0429 mm. in length, or less than half the width of the tibiae. First segment of hind tarsus with 21—-Proc. Biot. Soc. WAsH., VoL. 66, 1953 (159) 160 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington about fifteen hair. The hair near the basal portion of the tibiae is very short, the hair near the apex are more inclined, and on the inner margin sharp pointed. Abdomen.—Mid anterior region of abdomen with a small pigmented area. Dorsolateral portions of abdomen with four rows of wax pore plates. Spiracles surrounded by brownish pigmented areas. Base of cornicles more or less oval, about .586 mm. at the outer margin. Base of cornicles with a wax pore plate. Hair on cornicles very limited, there being about three irregular rows of fine sharp pointed hairs. The sur- face of the cornicles is quite rough. Hair on cornicles and dorsum of abdomen about .0286 mm. in length, hair on dorsum very sparse, that on ventral surface abundant. Surface of abdomen reticulated. Trans- verse pigmented area anterior to cauda with sharp pointed hair which are about .0429 mm. in length, these hairs are arranged in a single row along the posterior margin. Hair on cauda and anal plant not numerous, only moderately coarse, about .128 mm. in length. Apterous viviparous female. Color apparently similar to that of alate female, but notes from life are not available. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 5.20-5.72 mm. Width of head through the eyes .886-.90 mm. Length of antennal ‘seg- ments as follows: III .858 mm., IV .286 mm., V .31-.32 mm., VI .114 + .057 mm. Secondary sensoria distributed as follows: III none, IV none to I, V I. Hair on third segment .0429 mm. some hair on this segment is shorter than length given. The hair on the third antennal segment is both dull and sharp pointed, none knobbed. Hair on vertex and dorsum of head as long as hair on third antennal segment, rather coarse, and more or less dull at the tip. Hind tibiae 5.00-5.85 mm. long. Length of hind tarsi .386 mm., length of first segment of hind tarsus .157 mm., length of second segment .314 mm. Width of cornicles at base .858- 1.00 mm., length of longest hair on cornicles .0286 mm., all hair on cornicles sharp pointed. Length of hair on hind tibiae .042 mm., all hair slightly enlarged at the end except for that on inner margin near apex. Hair on dorsum of second segment of hind tarsus not enlarged at end, but dull. Hair on ventral surface of abdomen enlarged at end, when seen under some light conditions these hairs seem to be sharp pointed, because the end being very pale, does not show. The hair on the dorsum arise from very small pigmented spots. Mesosternal tubercle present. In Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara ‘‘ Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region’’ this species keys to C. arizonica (W) a species to which it has a close affinity, and from which it differs as follows: hair on hind tibiae much shorter, hair on head more tapering, less thick, and sharp pointed in the ease of the alate viviparous female, hair on dorsum of abdomen much finer and not enlarged at the end, hair on cornicles in apterous females much finer, longer and sharp pointed. This species is also allied to Cinara lassenensis described herewith, from which it differs as follows: larger size, longer third antennal segment, second fork of media being closer to the first than to margin of wing, pigment in cell formed by radial sector, longer third and fifth segments of the rostrum, longer hind tibiae, longer second segment of the hind tarsus, shorter hair on hind tibiae, and wider base of cornicles. F.C. Hottes and E. O. Essig—Western U.S. Cinara 161 Holotype alate viviparous female, Morphotype apterous viviparous fe- male, both deposited in the collection of E. O. Essig. Data: Pinus pon- derosa var. jeffreyt. Palomar Mt., San Diego Co., California. July 11, 1951. F. L. Blane Coll. This species is named for Junipero Serra, Franciscan friar, and out- standing Spanish pioneer of California, founder of the mission of San Diego, and eight other permanent missions of the twenty-one which the Franciscans built in the Golden State. Cinara kinoi n. sp. Alate viviparous female Size and general color.—Described from cleared specimens, color notes from life not being available. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate varying from 5.34-5.72 mm. Width of head through the eyes 0.92 mm. Head dusky brown, with hair on head arising from darker pigmented areas. Region of eyes forming stalk much darker than head. Median suture of head very dark. First two antennal segments dusky, third seg- ment with basal region pale, apical third dusky, segments four and five with basal portions pale, remainder of segments dusky, sixth segment uniform dusky. Thorax brown, but not uniform in color. Pro- and meso- thoracic femora dark dusky brown except for extreme base which is pale, metathoracic femora with basal one-third pale, remainder dark blackish-brown. Tibiae with short region near base black, followed by a short pale region or band, which is in turn followed by blackish-brown. Tarsi blackish-brown. Costal region and stigma of fore wings dark brown. Radial sector dark, media very pale, rather indistinct. Cornicles blackish-brown. Anterior region of abdomen with a few pigmented spots. Spiracles surrounded by dusky areas. Dorsum of abdomen with four rows of wax pore glands. Transverse pigmented area, anterior to cauda entire; anterior to this there are a few small pigmented spots, each of which gives rise to a hair. At times these spots are arranged more or less in a row. Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .829-.915 mm., IV .347-.529 mm., V .328-.347 mm., VI .1 + .028 mm. Third antennal segment with from three to five rather small secondary sensoria, as a rule arranged in a straight row, and rather close to the apex of the segment. The sensoria on this segment are apt to be irregular in size. Fourth segment with from one to two secondary sensoria, and the fifth segment with one. Hair on third antennal segment sparse, blunt to slightly knobbed at end and considerably shorter than width of segment. Remaining antennal hair becoming progressively finer and more pointed towards end of antenna. Rostrum with basal half of second segment pale, remainder of segment spotted, segments three four and five brown. Media twice forked, second fork of media closer to margin of wing than to first fork. Mesosternal tuberele present. Hind tibiae vary- ing from 5.15-5.84 mm. Hair on hind tibiae sparse, spine-like in quality, with the end dull to slightly knobbed, in length about equal to one-half the width of the tibiae. Hair on outer margin of tibiae longer and more spine-like than that on inner margin. Hair on inner margin near apex of tibiae more or less sharp pointed. First segment of hind tarsus with about eighteen hairs, and about .157 mm. long, second segment of hind tarsus about .347 mm. in length. Hair on ventral surface of second 162 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington segment of hind tarsus sharp pointed, that on dorsal surface slightly knobbed or dull at the end. Abdomen.—Cornicles with margins very irregular, measuring .50-.57 mm. Hair on cornicles few, rather thick and blunt at the end. Sharp pointed hair on the cornicles absent. Cornicles often with a wax pore plate. Surface of abdomen reticulated. Hair on dorsum of abdomen sparse, short, thick and blunt to slightly knobbed at the end. Hair on ventral surface of abdomen more numerous than that on dorsum, slightly Jonger, and thinner, also slightly knobbed. The knobbed condition of the ventral abdominal hair is often difficult to determine because the end of the hair is pale, thus unless looked for the end of the hair will not be seen. A few of the hairs on the dorsum arise from small pig- mented spots. Hair on cauda and anal plate long and sharp pointed. Transverse pigmented spot divided with a row of knobbed hair along’ the posterior margin of each spot. At times there may be a partial second marginal row of hair. Apterous viviparous female This form appears to be very similar to that of the alate viviparous female. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate varying from 4.36- 5.79 mm. Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .858-.996 mm., IV .31-.37 mm., V .286 mm., VI .1 + .04 mm. Rostrum reaching to end of metathoracic coxae. Fifth segment of antennae with from one to two secondary sensoria. Cornicles .572 mm. Hind tibiae 3.71-4.57 mm. Hind tarsi .386-.429 mm. Mesosternal tubercle present. This species is allied with Cinara serrai described herewith, from which it differs in the nature of the hair on the dorsum. From Cinara arizonica (Wilson), it differs in the shorter, thicker hair on the dorsum, the presence of knobbed hair on the ventral surface of the abdomen, the absence of thin pointed hair on the cornicles and lateral surface of the abdomen in the alate. Cinara arizonica (W) also has a mesosternal tuberele. . Holotype, alate viviparous female, Morphotype, aperous viviparous female, both deposited in the collection of E. O. Essig. Data: Pinus pondreosa Tanbark Flat, Los Angeles Co. California, July 15, 1952, E. L. Anderson Coll. This species has also been taken at Santa Ana, California. This species is named for Father Eusebio Francisco Kino S. J., the Padre on horseback, and the incomparable pioneer of the Southwest and the Pacific Coast. Cinara lassenensis n. sp. Alate viviparous female Size and general color.—Length varying from 4.66-5.00 mm., deseribed from cleared specimens, data from life not being available. Head and thorax brown. First two antennal segments concolorous with head, third, fourth, fifth antennal segments pale basally shading to brown at the apex, the pale area on the third segment being quite extensive. Sixth segment uniform brown. Femora pale at the base shading to dark brown. Tibiae with a short area near base blackish-brown, this area is followed by a yellowish band which in turn is followed by a uniform dark brown area. Tarsi concolorous with apex of tibiae. Mid-region of anterior portion of abdomen with a small brownish pigmented spot. F.C. Hottes and E. O. Essig—Western U. S. Cinara 163 Dorsolateral regions of abdomen with a few scattered spots. Cornicles brown. Transverse pigmented area divided or almost so, anterior to this there may be a few very small pigmented spots. Head and Thorax.—Width of head across eyes .817 mm. Ocular tuber- cles well developed. Rostrum reaching to or slightly beyond the meta- thoracie coxae. Third segment of rostrum .286 mm. long, fourth segment -271 mm., fifth segment .10 mm. in length. Lengths of antennal segments as follows: III .786-.80 mm., IV .314-.343 mm., V .314-.347 mm., in two of three cases the fifth segment is longer than the fourth, VI .1 + .07 mm. Secondary sensoria distributed as follows: IIT 1-3, IV 0-1, V I. On the third segment the secondary sensoria are small and are near the end of the segment. All antennal segments imbricated, the imbrications being low, rather broad and ridge-like. Antennal hair sparse, coarse, and only a little longer than half the width of the segment. Most of the hairs on the third segment are dul! at the tip, most of the hairs on the fourth and fifth segments are sharp pointed. Head with a median suture. Dorsum of head with dull pointed hair which are about .028 mm. in length. Lateral lobes of thorax with a few dull pointed hairs confined for the most part to the inner and posterior margins. Media twice branched, the second fork of the media being closer to the margin of the wing than to the first fork. The hind tibiae are 3.71 mm. in length, the second segment of the metatarsus is .30 mm. in length. The hair on the metathoracic tibiae is .0572 mm. in length, or but slightly more than half the width of the tibia, all tibial hair is spine-like and dull at the tip except for the hair on the inner margin near the apex which is sharp pointed. The first segment of the hind tarsus has about eighteen hairs. All of the hair on the second segment of the hind tarsus are sharp pointed, that on the dorsal side being longer and less fine. Mesosternal tubercle apparently absent, but present in a nymph. Abdomen.—Base of cornicles quite irregular and about .50-.60 mm. across. Base of cornicles often with a wax pore plate. Surface of cornicles rather rough with a few short, sometimes rather stubby hair which may be either sharp or dull-pointed. Surface of abdomen reticu- lated. Surface of abdomen with exceedingly sparse hair, the hair being at times very short and stubby, at other times short and sharp pointed. Hair on ventral surface of abdomen slightly longer than that on dorsum and sharp pointed, and much more abundant. The hair on the dorsum is about .028 mm. in length. The hair on the transverse pigmented spot is spine-like, about .0429 mm. in length and dull to slightly enlarged at the tip. This species is allied to Cinara americana described herewith and dif- fers from that species in having blunt hair on the head and on the transverse pigmented area. The hair on the cornicles are also shorter and thicker and sometimes dull at the tip. From Cinara arizonica (W) the nature of the hair on the dorsum separate the two species at onée. The hair on the transverse pigmented spot of the species described by Wilson being longer, the hair on the dorsum being longer, more spine- like, more dull at the tip. The hair on the tibiae of arizonica are also much longer than the hair on the tibiae of lassenensis. Holotype alate viviparous female, deposited in the collection of HE. O. 164 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington - Essig. Data: Hopk. U. S. 21,255a. Pinus ponderosa. Mt. Lassen Na- tional Park, California, June 19, 1935. W. H. Lange Coll. Cinara americana n. sp. Alate viviparous female Size and general color.—Described from a single alate viviparous specimen, on which color notes taken in life are not available. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 5.13 mm. Head and thorax of several shades of brown. Only pro- and mesothoracic legs present, femora uni- form dark brown, tibiae concolorous with end of femora for a short distance, this area followed by a light yellowish area, which in turn shades to dark brown. Tarsi dark brown. First and second antennal segments brown, third and fourth antennal segments with slightly less than basal half yellowish shading to brownish, fifth segment also sixth segment brown. Stigma brown with inner portion darker, scale-like. Cornicles brown. Cauda and anal plate dusky brown on apical halves. The spiracles arise from pigmented areas. Dorsum of abdomen with four, more or less, rows of small round spots. Anterior to the cauda, the transverse pigmented area is almost divided in the middle, the pos- terior edge of this area carries a row of sharp pointed hairs, which are rather coarse and about .0572 mm. long. Head and thorax.—Width of head through the eyes .829 mm. Head with a median suture. Dorsum of head, and anterior margin with a moderate number of fairly coarse sharp pointed hair, which are about .429 mm. long. The hair on the third antennal segment are about of the same length. Antennal segments with the following lengths: III 729 mm., IV 3228 mm., V .328 mm., VI .114 + .0572 mm. One antenna has the third segment with three secondary sensoria, the other antenna has six secondary sensoria. The sensoria are small and confined to the apical half of the segment, the segment with six sensoria has two of the sensoria not in the row. Antennal hair very sparse, sharp pointed, rather coarse, and as a rule slightly shorter than the width of third seg- ment. On the fourth and fifth segments, the hairs are about equal to the width of the segment. Fourth segment with from 0-2 secondary sensoria, fifth segment with I. Ocular tubercles well developed. Rostrum reaching about to middle of abdomen, third segment .286 mm. long, fourth segment .243 mm. fifth segment .128 mm, in length. Last three segments of the rostrum brown, second segment of rostrum pale at the base followed by a spotted area, which is in turn followed by brown. Lateral lobes of thorax with a few scattered hairs, these are about the same length as the hair on the head, and like those sharp pointed. Second branch of media closer to margin of wing than to the first branch. There appears to be a very small mesosternal tubercle present, but this is very much smaller and much shorter than the mesosternal tubercle in the apterous viviparous female, where this structure is finger-like. Abdomen.—Cornicles with base more or less oval with the longest length about .529 mm. Base of cornicles with about three rows of very fine sharp-pointed hair, the hair being about .0429 mm. in length. The surface of the abdomen is very finely reticualted. The hair on the dorsum of the abdomen is very sparse, fine, sharp pointed, and about as long as that on the cornicles. The hair on the cauda and anal plate is longer F.C. Hottes and E. O. Essig—Western U. 8S. Cinara 165 and coarser than the hair on other parts of the body, being from .114- .143 mm. in length. Apterous viviparous female Length from vertex to end of anal plate 5.70 mm. Color notes from life not available, but apparently much like color of alate viviparous female. Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .786 mm., IV .314 mm., V .30 mm., VI .1 + .07 mm. The fifth segment has a single secondary sensorium, and the same is true of the fourth segment. Antennal hair fine, sharp pointed, sparse, and about as long as width of segment, with the exception of the hair on the basal third of the third segment which is shorter. The head has a median suture which is continued as a broken suture on the thorax. The vertex and dorsum of the head are provided with a moderate number of fine sharp pointed hairs which are about .0572 mm. in length. Rostrum about as in alate female. All femora dark brown, even at the base. Tibiae dark brown at the base, this area is followed by a short yellowish area, which quickly shades to dark brown, so that more than the apical halves of the tibiae are of that color. The hind tibiae are 4.14 mm. in length. The hind tarsi are .40 mm. long, the first segment being .157 mm. and the second .328 mm. in length. The tibial hairs are only moderately coarse, set at an angle of about forty-five degrees except for those on the apical third which are more inclined, such hairs are more apt to be dull at the tip than sharp pointed. All hairs rather short, the longest being about .0429 mm. in length, or slightly more than one third the width of the tibiae in length. First segment of hind tarsis with about twelve hairs. Base of cornicles very irregular and about .80 mm. across. Cornicles with few hairs, but with more than in the alate female. Transverse pigmented area anterior to cauda almost divided at middle, with a row of spine- like hair along posterior margin, these hairs are from .057-.07 mm. in length. Anterior to the pigmented spot just mentioned there is another irregular pigmented spot, almost divided in the middle, which shows reticulations quite well, this spot has a few hairs. Dorsum of abdomen with very fine reticulations, and with very few fine sharp pointed hairs. The mesosternal tubercle is long and finger-like. Holotype alate viviparous female, Morphotype apterous viviparous fe- male, both mounted on the same slide, deposited in collection of E. O. Essig. Data: Pinus ponderosa just below new growth. Two miles East of Butte Falls, Oregon, June 7, 1941. J. Sehuh Coll. This species is allied to Cinara lassenensis described herewith, from which it differs as follows: The hairs on the head are fine and sharp pointed, so are the hairs on the transverse pigmented area, the hair on the dorsum of the abdomen is longer and finer. The femora are a more uniform dark brown, and not lighter near the base. The hair on the antennae is finer and not quite so long. In Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara ‘‘ Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region’’ this species keys to Cinara arizonica (W) from which it differs in having the hair on the head fine and sharp pointed, shorter hair on the hind tibiae, sharp pointed hairs on the transverse pigmented area, and longer and finer hair on the abdomen cornicles. 166 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Cinara californica n. sp. Alate viviparous female. Size and general color.—Described from cleared specimens, data from life not available. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate varying from 2.80-3.29mm. Width of head through the eyes .829mm. Head and thorax pale brown, with stalks of eyes .and thoracic lobes much darker. First and second antennal segments about color of head. Third antennal segment pale yellowish except for short region near apex which is light brownish. Antennal segments four, five and six a uniform light brown. Pro- and mesothoracie femora brown except for short region near base, metathoracic femora with region near base pale and much longer than pale region on other legs, remaining portion of femora brown. All tibiae a uniform deep-brown. Tarsis brown, but not as dark as tibiae. Rostrum with second segment yellowish, remaining segments light brown. Stigma and costal region of fore wings pale brown. Cornicles pale brown. — Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following lengths: TTI .54-.58mm., IV .214-.224mm., V .243-.271mm., always longer than IV, VI .148-.171 + .071 mm. Antennal hair long and fine, set at an angle of sixty or more degrees. Not all hair of the same length, the long and the short intermixed. The longest hair more than two times width of segment in length. Third antennal segment with from seven to nine secondary sensoria, fourth segment with from zero to two, the fifth segment with no secondary sensoria. On the third segment the secondary sensoria are arranged for the most part in a straight row, sensoria not so arranged are apt to be smaller, two or more sensoria may be joined. The sixth segment is long and tapering, the marginal sensoria on this segment are large, have wide rims whose outer edges are irregular, these sensoria are more or less closely associated. The compound eyes have well developed stalks, ocular tubercles present but not always easily seen. Anterior margin of head rather flat, median suture of head well devel- oped. Media of fore wings twice forked, the second fork of media closer to the margin of wing than to the first. All veins rather indistinct. Hind tibiae 2.22-2.36mm. First segment of hind tarsis .17/mm. second segment of hind tarsis .347mm. Hair on outer margin of hind tibiae more upstanding, about 45 degrees, than that on inner margin, also coarser. Not all tibial hair of equal length, longest hair on outer margin about two times width of segment in length, intermixed with shorter hair. Hair on inner apex of tibiae short and fine, almost bunched. Hair near apex of tibiae more drooping than that closer to base. Abdomen.—Cornicles .386-.457 mm. aeross base which has the outer margin very irregular. The cornicles are provided with two kinds of hair, a condition which indicates that the coarser hair of the abdomen, which arise from pigmented spots have, together with their pigmented bases been incorporated into the cornicles. The fine hair on the cornicles is similar to the fine hair on the abdomen, where it does not originate from pigmented spots, these hairs are more abundant than the coarser more spine-like hair, on both the cornicles and the dorsum of the abdomen. The transverse pigmented spot is entire, broad, and provided with two rows of long spine-like hair along its posterior margin. Dorsum of abdomen provided with four rows of wax pore plates. Cauda and anal plate brownish, with two kinds of hair. F. C. Hottes and E. O. Essig—Western U. 8. Cinara 167 Apterous viviparous female. Color apparently much like that of alate viviparous female. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 3.14-3.45mm. Length of antennal seg- ments as follows: III .543-.586mm., IV .241-.271mm., V_ .257-.314mm., VI .148-.157 + .085 mm. Width of cornicles at base .44-.50mm. Hind tibiae 2.22. Hind tarsi .143 + .347mm. Rostrum with segments four and five and half of third segment beyond metathoracie coxae. Trans- verse pigmented spot with two rows of hair, anterior to this spot the pigmented spots from which coarse hair arise form a loose network or partial band. Primary sensorium on third antennal segment absent, as a rule that on the fourth segment is also lacking. Fifth antennal segment sometimes with one secondary sensorium. This species is allied to Cinara longispinosa Tissot, but the eye stalks are less well developed, nor is the vertex of the head quite so flat, the hairs on the tibiae are also shorter, the base of the cornicles larger. From Cinera pinea Mordvilko, which is the Lachnus pini Weed of Patch, Lachnus pini (LL) of Wilson. Cinara pini (L) of Hottes and Frison and the Cinara pini (1) of Borner, 1952, this species can be distinguished at once by the uniform dark colored tibiae. Holotype, alate viviparous female, morphotype, apterous viviparous female. Both deposited in the collection of E. O. Essig. Collection data as follows: One Chinese Pine, Pinus tabuleformis. University of Cali- fornia Campus, Berkeley, California April 2, 1936. E: O. Essig Coll. Cinara onatei n. sp. Alate viviparous female. Size and general color.—Described from one alate viviparous female, color notes taken from life not available. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 3.86mm. Head brown, first two antennal segments concolorous with head, segments three, four and five lighter near base than apically, sixth segment brown. Thorax brown. Femora dark brown except at ex- treme base. Pro- and mesothoracic tibiae dark brown near base, fol- lowed by a rather extensive yellowish area, which shades into brown, metathoracic tibiae almost a uniform deep brown. Tarsi dark brown. Costal region of wing dark brown. Cornicles brown. Cauda with only apical region brown, anal plate apparently the same. Pigmented area anterior to cauda quite regular in out line, but somewhat narrower in middle. Spiracles surrounded with small brownish areas. Dorsum of abdomen with four rows of brownish spots. Head and thorax.—Rostrum surpassing metathoracie coxae. Ocular tubercles well dveeloped. Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .50mm., [IV .185mm., V .257mm., VI .085 + .071mm. Third antennal segment with three to six secondary sensoria, fourth segment with no secondary sensoria, fifth segment with one. Secondary sensoria on third antennal segment large and arranged in a straight row. Hair on antennae sparse, that on third segment shorter than width of segment, or just equal to width of segment, hair on fourth and fifth segments longer than width of segment but less than two times width of segment in length. All antennal hair rather coarse and set at an angle of about forty-five degrees. Median suture of head dark brown. Width of head through the eyes .657mm. Length of hair on dorsum of head .071mm. 168 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington These hairs are longer than the hair on the antennae. Lengths of the third, fourth and fifth segments of the rostrum as follows: .20, .185, .071mm. Second branch of media closer to the first branch than to the margin of the wing. Hind tibiae 2.28mm. First segment of hind tarsus 114mm. Second segment .257mm. Hair on hind tibiae about .0429mm. long, or about one fourth shorter than width of tibiae, set at an angle of about forty-five degrees. Abdomen.—Dorsum of the abdomen with very few hairs, in sharp contrast to the ventral surface which has many. These hairs are fine, and vary in length from .057-.071mm. Posterior to the cornicles the hair on the dorsum is arranged in two or three more or less regular trans- verse rows. Base of cornicles quite regular, about .50mm. across, with the outer portion almost free from hair, the more deeply pigmented portion of the cornicles associated with the restricted portion with a few hairs which are about .071mm. in length. Pigmented region anterior to cauda with a single row of about eight hairs, which are about .Jmm long. Both the cauda and anal plate are provided with numerous long hairs. The surface of the abdomen is reticulated. Apterous viviparous female. Size and general color——Color notes taken from life not available. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate varying from 3.93-4.00mm. Head and thorax.—Only the apical portions of antennal segments three, four and five pigmented brown, sixth segment brown. There are no secondary sensoria on the third and fourth antennal segments, the fifth segment has one. Antennal hairs sparse, that on third segment about equal to half width of segment, but sometimes less, that on fifth segment about as long as the width of segment but no longer. Rostrum of all specimens twisted, most likely long enough to reach the middle of the abdomen. Length of antennal segments as follows III .529-.54mm., IV .185-.20mm., V .228-.24mm., VI .07 + .07mm. Hind tibiae varying from 2.64-2.78mm. in length, hind tarsi varying from .328-.347mm. second segment of hind tarsus .271mm. in length. Hair on hind tibiae short, rather coarse, set at an angle of about forty-five degrees. Tibiae with region near base dark brown, this region is followed by an extensive pale yellowish area which shades into brown. Tarsi brown. Base of cornicles .715mm. Hair on cornicles as in alate. The anterior dorsum of abdomen provided with a much broken irregular pigmented area. Anterior to the transverse pigmented area there are a few small pigmented spots. This species is in some respects suggestive of Cinara ponderosae (W) from which it differs as follows: much shorter hair on antennae and legs, more extensive yellowish areas on legs, seemingly fewer hairs on cornicles and a wider cornicle base in the apterous viviparous female. Neither the alate or apterous forms of this species can be keyed to ponderosae in Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara ‘‘Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region,’’ the forms keying to C. apini, a species with which they have little in common except the characters made use of in the key. Holotype alate viviparous female. Morphotype apterous viviparous female. Both types mounted on the same slide which has been deposited in the collection of E. O. Essig. Data: Hopk. U. S. 21,253-a On Pinus jeffreyi. Lassen National Park, California, June 19, 1935, W. H. Lange Coll. F. C. Hottes and E. O. Essig—Western U. S. Cinara 169 Cinara anzai n. sp. Alate viviparous female. Size and general color—Color notes from life not available. Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 4.09-4.43mm. Width of head through the eyes .643mm. Head and thorax dark dusky-brown, perhaps black in life. Femora with a short region near base rather pale, remainder of femora dark dusky-brown, perhaps black in life. Tibiae sometimes a uniform black, at other times a dusky-brown, following a black area near base. Cornicles dusky-brown. First two antennal seg- ments concolorous with head, remaining segments blackish, except for segments three and four which are somewhat lighter near the base. Abdomen with about two transverse rows of pigmented spots near an- terior end, and four rows of slightly larger pigmented spots latero- dorsally. Spiracles surrounded by pigmented areas. Cauda and anal plate, also transverse pigmented area anterior to cauda dusky. Head and thorax.—Width of head through the eyes .643mm. Head with a very dark well defined transverse suture. Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .486-.53mm., IV .20-.25mm., V .27-.29mm., VI .11-.13 + .04mm. Third segment with from eight to twelve secondary sensoria, arranged in a straight row, these sensoria are large and very tuberculate, most common number of sensoria on this segment nine. Fourth segment with from one to two secondary sensoria, as a rule, one. The only secondary sensorium on the fifth segment has much the appearance of a primary sensorium, being very large in size. If smaller secondary sensoria are present on the third antennal segment they are very apt not to be in the regular row. Antennal hair fairly numerous, slightly more than two times width of segment in length, but less than three times, set at an angle of about sixty degrees. As may be expected in a species where the secondary sensoria are so large and numerous, the side of the segment on which the sensoria are located has relatively few hairs. Ocular tubercles moderate in size. Second segment of rostrum pale at the base, spotted near apex, third segment of rostrum dark brown, rather wide and about .171mm. in length, fourth segment wide for its length which is .157mm. The fifth segment of the rostrum appears to be rather short, its actual length being .0429mm, it is slightly less than two times its width at the base in length. The hair on the dorsum of the head is about as long as those on the antennae and of about the same quality. The hind femora are rather thin on the basal fourth, but are of normal width beyond. The femora are clothed with long fine hairs which are upstanding. The tibiae are provided with numerous long fine hairs which are for the most part two times the width of the tibiae in length, actually they measure about .143mm. The hairs near the proximal portion of the tibiae are quite upstanding, arising at an angle of about sixty degrees, the hairs at the middle of the tibiae are more inclined and arise at an angle of about forty-five degrees. The hind tarsi are .386mm. long, the first segment has about ten hairs on the ventral surface. The media is twice-branched, the second branch being closer to the first than it is to the margin of the wing. The radial sector is often curved. Abdomen.—The base of the cornicles is very irregular in shape, com- monly the cornicles are longer than wide, the ration being .35-.26mm. The 170 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington cornicles have numerous hair of the same length and quality as those found on the abdomen. Dorsum of abdomen with numerous hairs, of fine quality and about .lmm. in length. Transverse pigmented spot an- terior to cauda divided in to two rather narrow spots which show imbri- cations, the posterior margins of which carry a row of hairs, sometimes there are two rows of hairs for part of the distance. These marginal hairs are .143mm. in length. The base of the cauda is without pigment. This species seems most closely allied to Cinara carolina Tissot from which it differs as follows: smaller base of cornicles, more irregular base of cornicles, much darker legs, longer hair on tibiae, shorter and thicker terminal segments of the rostrum, and longer hair on the antennae. Holotype alate viviparous female, deposited in the collection of E. O. Essig. Data: Pinus albicaulis, Bumpus Hell, Lassen National Park, Cali- fornia. July 2, 1947, R. L. Usinger Coll. This species is named for Juan Bautista de Anza, commander of Tubae, an Arizona fort, and founder of San Francisco, 1776. Cinara inscripta n. sp. Apterous viviparous female. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to tip of anal plate vary- ing from 3.71-4.14mm. Color described from cleared specimens, data from life not being available. Head and thorax brown, first two an- tennal segments concolorous with head, remaining antennal segments rather pale except for extreme apical portions, and all of sixth which are light brown. Femora with basal portions pale brown, remainder of femora brown. Pro and mesothoracic tibiae pale yellowish except for short distance near apex which is light brown. Metathoracic tibiae with more than half yellowish remainder of tibiae brown. Tarsi concolorous with tibiae. Cornicles anal plate and cauda brown. Mid dorsal region of abdomen with about eight rows of brownish irregular pigmented areas arranged in pairs, these areas at times enclose clear spaces, sometimes these areas appear to fragment in to small pigmented spots which in turn form a very loose mesh. In addition to the pigmented areas just men- tioned, there are lateral to these two or three rows of pigmented spots of the nature of wax glands. The spiracles arise from brownish areas. The transverse pigmented spot anterior to the cauda is divided in to two rather narrow areas. The median pigmented areas may at times become joined by a narrow bridge which has a tendency, when present, to become wider towards the anterior end of the specimen. Head and thorax.—Width of head through the eyes .67mm. Rostrum reaching to or slightly beyond the cornicles, the last three segments with the following lengths: III .214mm, IV .17imm., V .07imm. The antennal segments have the following lengths: III .56-.60mm., IV .21- .23mm., V .24-.26mm., VI .1 + .04-.05mm. The secondary sensoria are distributed as follows: III 0-2, IV 1, V 1. Hair on antennae sparse, spine-like, sharp pointed, that on third segment just short of being as long as width of segment. Hair on head longer and finer than that on antennae being about .085mm. in length, in contrast to the hair on the third antennal segment which are only .057mm. in length, or in some cases slightly less. Length of hind tibiae varies from 2.50-2.65mm. Hind tarsi .35mm. long. Hair on hind tibiae sharp-pointed, inclined at an angle of about F.C. Hottes and E. O. Essig—Western U.S. Cinara 171 forty-five degrees, fairly numerous, less than half width of tibiae in length. Hair on proximal portion of tibiae much shorter than this. First segment of hind tarsus with about twelve hairs. Abdomen.—Base of cornicles .60-.70mm. outer margin of cornitles very irregular often enclosing clear areas. Base of ecornicles often with wax glands. Hair on cornicles similar to that on dorsum of body about -071mm. in length. Hairs on tranverse pigmented areas arranged in a single row along the posterior margin, about .143mm. in length. Holotype apterous viviparous female, deposited in the collection of E. O. Essig. The extensive pigmented areas on the dorsum of the abdomen of this species distinguish it from all allied forms. In Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara ‘‘ Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region’’ the second segment of the hind tarsus is more than one-tenth the length of the hind tibiae, the ratio being .314-2.50-2.65mm. The species keys to couplet 14. The hairs on the hind tibiae are not blunt, the species is not coloradensis, nor are the hairs on the hind tibiae fine, the species is not schwarzti for the hairs are not drooping, nor has schwarzii large pig- mented areas on the dorsum. The species is also larger than schwarzii. Data: Pinus albicaulis, Timberline Lodge, Mt. Hood, Oregon. Aug. 6, 1940, R. L. Usinger Coll. Cinara oregoni n. sp. Apterous viviparous female. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to end of anal plate vary- ing from 4.00-4.43mm. Described from cleared specimens, color notes from life not being available. Head and thorax dark brown. First antennal segment concolorous with head, second segment pale yellowish, third, fourth and fifth segments pale yellowish except for extreme apical portions which are brownish, all of sixth antennal segment brownish. Femora brown with basal portions somewhat lighter, the lighter area on the metathoracie legs being more extensive. All tibiae with basal por- tions dark brown, pro- and mesothoracie tibiae with extensive yellowish areas which shade into brown a short distance from the apex. Meta- thoracic tibiae with yellowish area less extensive than on other legs, more than half being brown. Tarsi brown. Abdomen with anterior mid-dorsal portion with a small brownish pigmented area. Posterior region of abdomen anterior to cauda with a few very small, very irregular brown- ish pigmented spots. Anterior dorsum of abdomen with two transverse rows of wax pore glands, dorsolateral regions of abdomen with two similar rows. Second segment of rostrum pale yellowish free from spots, third, fourth and fifth segments pale brownish. Base of cornicles brown. Transverse pigmented area anterior to cauda divided. Head and thorax.—Width of head through the eyes .757mm. Ocular tubercles moderately well developed. Rostrum reaching to middle of the base of the eornicles. Third segment of rostrum .20mm. in length, fourth segment .171mm. long, fifth segment .057mm. in length. Antennal seg- ments with the following lengths: III .52-.57mm., IV .21-.26mm., V .29- .3lmm., VI .10 + .04mm. Secondary sensoria distributed as follows: III 0-1, IV 0-1, V 1. Hairs on antennae fairly numerous, that on an- terior margin of third segment longer than width of segment, but less than twice width of segment in length. Hairs on posterior margin of third segment varying from shorter than width-of segment to about 172 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington equal to width of segment. Head with median suture, hairs on anterior margin of head about .171mm. in length, much longer than that on antennae. Hind tibiae varying from 2.57-2.78mm. in length. Hair on hind tibiae fairly numerous, that on outer margin of tibiae longer than that on inner, being about equal to width of tibiae, or about .071mm. in fength. Length of hind tarsi .40mm. Abdomen.—Base of cornicles varying from .51-.64mm. and like dorsum of abdomen provided with numerous fine sharp pointed hairs, which are about .10mm. in length. The two pigmented spots anterior to the cauda have two rows of fine long hairs on their posterior margins, these hairs are about .143mm. long. The cauda has a clear area near the base. Holotype, apterous viviparous female, deposited in the eollection of Ek. O. Essig. Data: Pinus albicaulis, Timberline Lodge, Mt. Hood, Oregon. Aug. 6, 1940. R. L. Usinger Coll. In Palmer’s key to the genus Cinara, ‘‘ Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region,’’ which does not cover the region, from which the Aphids de- scribed herewith came, this species keys to Cinara edulis (Wilson), a gpecies with which it has little in common, not being black, the body hairs being much longer and more abundant, the base of the ecornicles being larger and clothed with much more khair. The hosts of the two species also differ. Schizolachnus pineti (Fabricius) Viviparous females, oviparous females and males of this species were taken by Essig on Pinus sp. at Oakland, California Dee. 23, 1938. These specimens agree with material sent by Dr. D. Hille Ris Lambers taken by him in Holland. Our slides can not be determined as this species in Palmer’s key to the genus Schizolachnus in ‘‘ Aphids of the Rocky Mountain Region’’ nor can the specimens sent from Holland, because the tibiae are not wide enough, except in the case of oviparous females. Schizolachnus pini-radiatae (Davidson) Apterous viviparous females of this species were taken on Pinus coul- tert May 8, 1942, by D. DeLeon and C. B. Eaton at San Bernardino, California. The tibiae of this species are very dark, almost black, and longer than the tibiae of S. pineti, which are at most only slightly dusky. Cinara cupressi (Buckton) Our determination of this species has been confirmed by Dr. D. Hille Ris Lambers of Holland. Taken on Cupressus macrocarpa in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California Oct. 5, 1935. This may be the first record of this species from America. Cinara louwisianensis Boudreaux This species was taken by E. O. Essig on Thuja orientalis, University of California Campus, Berkeley, California April 16, 1935, many years before it was described. Apparently this is the first report since its deseription by Boudreaux. Cinara costata (Zett.) We have two records from California, apparently the first from the United States, on Picea U. C. Campus, Berkeley, California Oct. 23, 1935, W. D. Riley Coll. and Picea sitchensis Salinas, California, Oct. 4, 1942, W. H. Lange Coll. ABIES GP A a: Ag 4 «' 7 ‘ a » — i i < ¥ * ¥ rege ie ck Le ioe v4 e ue ye ee St) Digne frye? i ahs i nL ' £ ; * q ot a ere 5a Te ee ee vad SS ps a ¥ an j wet s > tT ® ‘ - " 1 Ss ; ‘* ok AT Pa eae me oe rey ae A Yate: me : yw asprin oy Lah ANS Md neu, ey Of + se ty ee af Gn) cunt et. OME Ee) eile eica) wl aetiiet, “Loan Qanoay? “pe oat Cintas Cl" spre 'Se ad SEKG whee pth dS ay Ve ate Ree aE hie PORR eet cee ei Pd wtb ra ‘ epg ary is 3 ; Nyy: Healy Sumi ad nih. f ar] a : —— 7 . Bitew.- Says Wem sn Vina Oh. Seed “te oe Vol. 66, pp. 173-178 December 2, 1953 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW CRAYFISH OF THE GENUS PROCAMBARUS FROM ALABAMA AND FLORIDA (DEcAPopA, ASTACIDAE) Horton H. Hopss, JR. Samuel Miller Biological Laboratories, University of Virginia A brief summary of the ranges of the species of the Spiculi- fer Group, of which this species is a member, was recently published by Hobbs (1951). The range of the new species while overlapping that of one of its near relatives, Procamba- rus versutus (Hagen, 1870: 51), appears to vicariate for an- other, P. spiculifer (LeConte, 1856: 401), in the headwater streams of the Choctawhatchee River. In several localities it was found in company with the former; however, the latter species which is frequently found with P. versutus appears to be absent in most of the tributaries of the Choctawhatchee north of the Alabama-Florida line. Although representatives of this new form have been in my collection since 1941, an adequate series did not become available until recently. Through the kindness of Drs. R. D. Suttkus and G. H. Penn of Tulane University I have been permitted to examine the specimens in the Tulane Collection. During August, 1952, Drs. L. J. Marchand and H. T. Odum, of Gainesville, Florida, and I visited several localities in the Choctawhatchee drainage system in southern Alabama and Florida where we found this crayfish in several localities. The first male, form I, available was given to me by Dr. Suttkus, and as a token of my appreciation of his help in adding materially to our knowledge of the crayfishes in the southeastern states I name this crayfish in his honor. I also wish to thank Drs. Marchand, Penn, and Odum for their assistance in my securing additional specimens. \b Procambarus suttkusi, sp. nov. ) RAs Diagnosis.—Rostrum with lateral spines and without a median carina; areola broad and short (two to four times as long as broad and about 25% of entire length of carapace); two lateral spines present on each side of carapace. Male with hooks on ischiopodites of third and fourth pereiopods; palm of chela of first form male not bearded but bearing a row of 8-11 tubercles along mesial margin. Postorbital ridges termi- nate cephalad in spines. First pleopod of first form male (figs. 1 and 5) without a shoulder on cephalic margin, and distal portion terminating in four distinct parts: Mesial process subspiculiform and directed caudo- distad; cephalic process, directed distad, lies mesiad of central projec- tion and distinctly shorter than latter or mesial process; caudal element consists of two somewhat widely separated parts—caudal process a corneous tooth lying caudolaterad of central projection, and the non- 22—Proo. Bion. Soc. WasH., Vou. 66, 1953 ea : LIFOR Ny 7 Limreary i DEG 9 =~ 1958 174 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Hobbs—New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus 175 corneous, prominent, bulbiform caudal knob; and the central projection, the most conspicuous and cephalically situated of the terminal elements, corneous and directed caudodistad. Annulus ventralis largely hidden by multituberculate prominences extending caudad from sternum anterior to annulus (fig. 6). Holotypic Male, Form I.—Body subcylindrical; abdomen only slightly longer than carapace (48.7-47.4 mm.). Height of carapace less than width in region of caudodorsal margin of cervical groove (22.2-23.1 mm.); greatest width of carapace a little caudad of caudodorsal margin of cervical groove (23.4 mm.). Areola relatively broad and short; lateral limits difficult to ascertain but approximately 2.8 times as long as wide, and with six or seven punctations in narrowest part. Cephalic section of carapace about 2.9 times as long as areola (length of areola about 25% of entire length of carapace). Rostrum moderately long, excavate; sides converging to base of acu- men which is set off by acute lateral spines. Acumen longer than half the remainder of rostrum (6.9-8.7 mm.). Margins of rostrum not swollen or conspicuously elevated. Upper surface bearing numerous small setae. Subrostral ridges poorly developed and not evident in dorsal aspect. Postorbital ridges prominent, grooved laterad, and terminating cepha- lad in acute spines. Suborbital angle almost obsolete, branchiostegal spine strong. Two strong acute lateral spines present on each side of carapace; upper surface of carapace punctate; lateral portion caudad of cervical groove granulate. Cephalic section of telson with two spines in each caudolateral corner. Epistome with a small cephalomedian spine (fig. 7). Antennules of the usual form with a strong acute spine present on ventral side of basal segment. Antennae broken. Antennal scale (fig. 10) long, of moderate width; widest proximad of midlength; outer distal margin with a moderately strong spine. Chela somewhat flattened with the palm slightly inflated. Hand entirely tubereculate. Inner margin of palm with a row of nine tubereles, and a row immediately below consisting of six tubercles; a prominent tubercle present on lower surface of palm at base of dactyl. Opposable margin of dactyl with 22 rounded tubercles scattered along entire length, Explanation of Plate Procambarus suttkusi Lateral view of carapace. Upper surface of distal three podomeres of cheliped of holotype. 0. Antennal scale of holotype. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 1. Mesial view of first pleopod of holotypic male, form I. Fig. 2. Mesial view of first pleopod of morphotypic male, form II. Fig. 3. Dorsal view of carapace. Fig. 4. Lateral view of first pleopod of morphotypic male, form II. Fig. 5. Lateral view of first pleopod of holotypic male, form I. Fig. 6. Annulus ventralis of allotype. Fig. 7. Epistome of holotype. 8 9. 1 176 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington the fifth from base largest; distal fourth of opposable margin with a row of four rounded tubercles below the row just mentioned; minute denticles are scattered between the tubercles of the first-mentioned row as well as between the two rows; upper surface of dactyl with a low rounded submedian longitudinal ridge, flanked laterally and mesially by tubercles on basal three-fourths and setiferous punctations on distal fourth; mesial surface with a row of 17 tubercles scattered along entire length; lower surface of dactyl similar to upper surface. Opposable margin of immovable finger with an upper row of 25 tubercles, of which the sixth from base is largest, and a lower row on distal fourth of four rounded tubercles, the basal one of which is largest; scattered between the tubercles of the first row and between the two rows are minute denticles. Upper surface of immovable finger with a ridge similar to that of the dactyl, flanked along the proximal half by tubercles and distally by punctations. Outer margin of immovable finger with tubercles extending along entire length; lower surface similar to upper. Carpus of first right pereiopod longer than broad (13.9-9.0 mm.), with a deep submedian furrow flanked on each side by tubercles: mesially by two rows of six each, and laterally by a few scattered ones; submedian furrow interrupted distally by a prominent tubercle near distal margin of podomere. Mesial surface bears one large submedian tubercle surrounded by other small ones, and a large one on upper distal margin; lower distal margin with the usual two tubercles, and lower surface tuberculate mesially and with scattered very small tubercles laterally. Merus of first right pereiopod with small tubercles and scattered punctations on lateral surface; upper surface with tubercles along entire length, except near distal extremity, with two of the more distal ones larger than the others; mesial surface with a few tubercles distally and somewhat excavate along middle three-fifths, the latter producing a longitudinal furrow near lower margin. Lower surface with two rows of spike-like tubercles, an outer one of eight and an inner of 12; scat- tered small tubercles present between and on the sides of these two rows. Ischiopodite of first right pereiopod bears a row of three spike-like tubercles continuing from the lower mesial row on merus. Basipodite with no tubercles. Coxopodite with a cephalically projecting spine on lower cephalomesial border; caudally projecting tubercle present on caudomesial angle. Hooks present on ischiopodites of third and fourth pereiopods; hooks on third long and slender and only slightly recurved; hooks on fourth only slightly heavier and directed somewhat cephalad. Basipodite of fourth pereiopod bears no tubercle opposing hook on ischiopodite; hooks of both third and fourth extend proximad of distal end of their re- spective basipodites. Coxopodites of fourth and fifth pereiopods with caudomesial projections: that on fourth heavy and inflated, and that on fifth somewhat smaller and more sharply defined. First pleopod (figs. 1 and 5) reaches coxopodite of third pereiopod when abdomen is flexed. See description under diagnosis. Morphotypic Male, Form II.—Differs from the holotype in the fol- lowing respects: Inner margin of palm of right chela with eight tuber- cles; opposable margin of dactyl with only one row of tubercles (second Hobbs—New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus 177 and fourth from base largest); mesial margin of dactyl with 16 tu- bercles; opposable margin of immovable finger with upper row of 13 and lower of three tubercles. Antenna extends caudad to telson. First pleopod (figs. 4 and 5) with all terminal elements present; however, none corneous and caudal process represented by a small tubercle at cau- dolateral base of central projection. (See Measurements.) Allotypic Female.—Differs from the holotypic male in the following respects: height of carapace greater than width (19.6-18.9 mm.); inner margin of palm of chela with a row of seven tubercles, and row imme- diately below this consists of five tubercles; opposable margin of dactyl with a single row of 13 tubercles, fourth from base largest, and mesial margin with a row of 15 tubercles; opposable margin of immovable finger with a row of 11 tubercles, third from base largest, and below this row at base of distal third one large tubercle and a smaller one a little distad of the latter; lower mesial row of tubercles on merus con- taining 11 tubercles and the outer, eight. Antenna extends caudad to telson. The allotype has an ‘‘abnormal’’ (secondary sexual character of the male) hook on the ischiopodite of the third left pereiopod. Annulus ventralis (fig. 6) largely obscured by two caudally projecting tubercu- late prominences from sternum immediately cephalad of annulus. Por- tion of annulus visible tuberculate with a caudomedian depression con- taining a slight ridge in middle; the latter bears an S-shaped sinus. (See measurements. ) Measurements.—As follows (in millimeters) : Carapace— Holotype Allotype Morphotype lta aba cates Sa el at ae 22.2 19.6 Lut (a acne en Mee IN rtd REE CES 23.4 18.9 15.9 Oy BOI adhe ee lio nt As 47.4 40.0 34.6 Areola— ya RD roo hed ER el ttt 11.9 9.7 8.3 © haa RI bc a lta 4.2 2.8 2.6 Rostrum— 68 0 15.6 13.5 12.2 ye ell sh li cen ate 8.0 6.5 5.6 Right Chela— length of inner margin of ilar: Aa ale DE SLE 17.4 8.0 7.2 ion @& prim: 16.7 9.2 6.9 length of outer margin of LE apparent SOLE aA a eID 44.7 23.4 21.0 imeth of dactyl —_..........~ 24.1 13.1 11.6 The largest specimen available is a second form male with a carapace Jength of 51.0 mm., while that of the smallest first form male is 30.8 mm. Type Locality.—Tributary of Claybank Creek, 2.0 miles west of Ozark, Dale County, Alabama, on Rt. 27 [Choctawhatchee River drainage]. Dr. Suttkus has furnished me with the following data. Creek 10-15 feet wide, and in the area where collections were made from six inches to two feet deep. The light brown, turbid water was flowing over a sandy and silty bottom at a rate of six cu. ft./sec. The stream flows through a wooded area and in the broader reaches of the stream were Orontium and 178 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Pontederia. The collection was made about 12:45 P.M. at which time the air temperature was 80°F. and that of the water 74°. Disposition of Types.—The holotypic male, form I (cat. no. 93730), the allotypie female (cat. no. 93731), and the morphotypic male, form II (eat. no. 93732) are deposited in the United States National Museum. Of the remaining 170 paratypes, one male, form II, six females, five juvenile males, and two juvenile females are in the U.S.N.M.; one male, form I, four males, form II, 10 females, six juvenile males, and six juvenile females are in the Tulane University Collection; and three males, form I, 14 males, form II, 25 females, 43 juvenile males, and 44 juvenile females are in my personal collection at the University of Virginia. Specimens Examined.—Procambarus suttkusi has been collected from the following localities in the Choctawhatchee drainage system. ALa- BAMA: Dale County—the type locality: 2¢ ¢I, 29 2, June 13, 1949, R.D.S. collector; 1¢1I, 299, 566 juv., 229 juv., Aug. 2, 1952, L.J.M. and H.H.H. collectors; Small creek near Camp Rucker, 1¢II, 22 9, Apr. 3, 1943, L.J.M. collector; Stream near Enterprise on road to airport, 329, Mar. 25, 1943, L.J.M. collector; Cowpen Creek near Enterprise, 12, 12 juv., Mar. 28, 1943, L.J.M. collector; Stream 1.7 mi. E. of Clayhatchee, 29 2, May 29, 1951, R.D.S. collector; Stream 7.2 mi. N.N.W. of junction of Echo Farm Rd. and Ala. Hy. 136, 1¢TII, June 1, 1951, R.D.S. collector; Stream 0.1 mi. E. Brown’s Cross Roads on Ala. Hy. 27, 19, 12 juv., June 1, 1951, R.D.S. collector. Coffee County—3.2 mi. E. of Enterprise on Ala. Hy. 134, 3¢ ¢1, 12 ¢ ¢@II, 1999, 146 6 juv., 21992 juv., Aug. 2, 1952, LJ.M. and H.H.H. collectors. Geneva County—Adams Creek, 6.5 mi. S. Bellwood, 22 9, May 29, 1951, R.D.S. collector; Stream 5.5 mi. N. of Hartford, 2¢ ¢II, 19,446 juv., 5992 juv., May 29, 1951, R.D.S. collector. Pike County —7.1 mi. S. of Perote, 1¢II, 42 9,1¢ juv., 19 2 juv., June 2, 1951, R.D.S. collector; 5.8 mi. N. of Banks, 4°° juv., 22? juv., Apr. 9, 1941, H.H.H. collector. FLoripA: Holmes County—8.2 mi. S.W. of Geneva on Fla. Hy. 2, 26 @II, 32 2, 244 4 juv., 219 9 juv., Aug. 2, 1952, L.J.M. and H.H.H. collectors. Relationships.—Procambarus suttkusi, a member of the Spiculifer Group, has its closest affinities with Procambarus versutus (Hagen) from which it may most readily be distinguished by the structure of the first pleopod of the male and the absence of spines on the basipo- dites of the chelipeds in both sexes. The similarity of the two species is most strikingly revealed in the tubereulate prominences of the sternum projecting caudoventrally to obscure most of the annulus ventralis. LITERATURE CITED Hagen, Herman, 1870—Monograph of the North American Astacidae. Tllustr. Cat. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard College, No. 3: 1-109, pls. ¥-#T. Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., 1951—-A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Louisiana, with a Key to the Species of the Spiculifer Group. Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 41 (8): 272-276, 11 figs. LeConte, John, 1856—Descriptions of New Species of Astacus from Georgia. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philad., 7: 400-402. Po 2 \ ir ie ~ \ Hi 4 | DEG ® ~ 1953 } < ee Nef RECN Wy | Vol. 66, pp. 179-184 \&g rMeisci VED > Rad 2, 1953 | SOF) \a prodeeninics OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON STUDIES ON SPIROBOLOID MILLIPEDS. I. THE GENUS EURHINOCRICUS BROLEMANN By RicuHarp L. HorrmMan Eurhinocricus was proposed as a subgeneric name by H. W. Brolemann in 1903. In 1907 the name was somewhat casually considered (without formal recognition) by Pocock, who dis- cussed it in relation to its type species (biolleyi) and a closely related one which he deseribed from Guerrero. Most subse- quent authors have ignored the name. It has, however, been recently (1951) revived by Schubart in his summary of the rhinocricid genera for the reception of 31 species. During the study of diplopods collected in Chiapas and presented to me by Dr. Clarence Goodnight, I detected a very small rhinocricid obviously related to biolleyi. Determination of the generic position of this creature required consideration of the status of Hurhinocricus. The arrangement here presented is somewhat at variance with that of Dr. Schubart, but is not to be regarded as an attempt to discredit his system. Rather it is to be considered chiefly an alternative interpretation, result- ing from utilization of a different sort of diagnostic criterion, and offered for the consideration of other workers. Pocock pointed out (1908, Biologia Centrali-Americana, p. 73) that Eurhinocricus, as a taxonomic entity, ‘‘. . . rests upon the structure of the gonopods,’’ which, in biolleyi, are certainly divergent enough from those of the larger, more typical Rhinocricus forms. Schubart’s usage of the name, however, relies upon the presence of only four antennal sensory cones as the chief criterion for separation from Rhinocricus. Although the configuration of the male genitalia of most diplopods has been for many years regarded as the primary source of characters for the recognition of species; only lately has it come to be considered that the gonopods also afford the most reliable indices of generic and suprageneric relationship. Although essentially qualitative in nature, and not always readily definable, characters reflected by gonopod struc- ture are obviously those which represent natural phylogenetic lines of development. Modifications of the body surface often assume bizarre proportions in diplopods, particularly in the polydesmoids. For this rea- son, erection of genera upon non-sexual developments alone could readily result in a vast number of monotypic genera many of which would be inseparable from each other as regards gonopods. Furthermore, because of much parallel (and convergent) evolution involving basically differ- ent groups, suprageneric groupings would be altogether heterogeneous. Attems’ ‘‘families’’ Cryptodesmidae and Oniscodesmidae are good ex- amples of this overemphasis of body form. It seems particularly unwise, in dealing with any animal group, to 23—-Proc. BioL. Soc. WAsH., Vou. 66, 1953 (179) 180 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Plate X Hoffman—Studres on Spiroboloid Millipeds 181 base a genus upon a single diagnostic character unless there is a gen- eral concurrency in all other respects by the included species. I have al- ready commented elsewhere on the practice of using random quantitative features for generic distinction (viz., the presence or absence of pores on the 5th segment in spirostreptoids, when ‘‘genera’’ so discriminated are identical with others in gonopod structure and no reasonable dis- tributional pattern obtains from the ranges of the species associated by such characters. Diaporus is a good example of such a misfounded genus). With respect to Hurhinocricus, one finds that by grouping species on the basis of the number of antennal cones a considerable diversity in size, body form, genitalia, and distribution must be embraced with only this single unifying character. If, on the other hand, appeal is made to the type of gonopod pattern shown by biolleyi, only a few species may be so associated, and these generally agree in their mutually small size, in the presence of a strongly developed secondary transverse sulcus, and in occupying a logical and coherent geographic range. The posterior gonopods, which form the basis of generic recognition, are so very similar in all of these species that other characters must be sought for specific discrimination. Some of these species have four sensory cones, one of them has many, yet in view of the striking genitalic similarity one ean scarely admit that it properly belongs in another genus with all manner of vastly unlike species. I would submit that, unless supplemen- tary characteristics prevail, differences based upon ‘‘numerical’’ con- siderations be regarded as of only specific value in the classification of diplopods. In connection with the proposal of a new species of Eurhinocricus, a brief summary of the genus, in the limited sense as I presently visualize it, becomes necessary. Genus Eurhinocricus Brolemann Eurhinocricus (as subgenus of Rhinocricus) Brolemann, 1903, Ann. Soc. ent. France, vol. 72, p. 131.—Pocock, 1907, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Diplop., p. 68, 73. Eurhinocricus Schubart, 1951, An. Acad. Brasileira Ciene., vol. 23, no. 2, p. 227. Type.—R. (E£.) biolleyi Brolemann, by original designation. Diagnosis.—The species of this genus are uniformly small millipeds, 5 mm. or less in diameter. The usual transverse dorsal sulcus is replaced by a secondary one lying in front of the repugnatorial pores (a charac- ter shared, however, with certain West Indian species of Rhinocricus). Explanation of plate Figs. 1, 2. Eurhinocricus parvissimus, n. sp., from holotype. 3, 4. #. biolleyi Brolemann, after Chamberlin, 1947. 5, 6. E. tidus (Chamberlin), after Chamberlin, 1947. 7, 8. E. omiltemae Pocock, after Pocock, 1907. Odd numbered figures show anterior gonopods in cephalic aspect; even numbered figures are of the posterior gonopod, showing the similarity of this appendage among different species. 182 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Antennal sensory cones only four (except in tidus). The primary generic character is the nature of the posterior pair of gonopods. In these the distal joint (telopodite) is much shorter than in other rhino- cricid genera, and is of the form of a slender, slightly curved, mem- branous blade, about the same size throughout its length. The soleno- merite is slender and unmodified, arising from a position near the base of the telopodite. It may be emphasized as a diagnostic feature that the distance from the coxal articulation to the insertion of the solenomerite is considerably less than the length of that process itself. Range.—Mountainous region of northern Central America, from Kern Co., California south to San Jose, Costa Rica and the Cocos Islands. Species.—Four, as follows: Eurhinocricus biolleyi Brolemann Rhinocricus (Eurhinocricus) biolleyi Brolemann, 1903, Ann. Soc. ent. France, vol. 72, p. 132, pl. 1, figs. 1-6. Rhinocricus cocos Chamberlin, 1947, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 99, p. 38, figs. 27, 28. (Type locality: Chatham Bay, Cocos Islands. ) ? Rhinocricus biolleyi Pocock, 1907, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Diplop., p. 72. Type locality.—Cocos Islands. Range.—Known only from the type locality. Pocock, in the work cited above, records the species from San Jose and Cachi, Costa Rica, upon what authority we are not told. It seems unlikely that specimens from such distant and dissimilar places would be conspecific, unless the Cocos Island population was introduced from the mainland. Chamberlin’s species cocos is unquestionably synonymous, having the same type locality as biolleyi. Minor differences in the respective illus- trations of the gonopods may be attributed to individual variation or to difference in execution by the two authors. Eurhinocricus omiltemae Pocock Rhinocricus (Eurhinocricus by implication) omiltemae Pocock, 1907, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Diplop., p. 67, pl. 6, figs. 12a-e. Type locality—Omilteme, 8000 ft., Guerrero. Range.—Known only from the type locality. Eurhinocricus parvissimus, new species Figs. 1, 2 Type specimen.—U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 2062, male and female, collected at Finca Guatemoe (5800 ft.) on the Volean de Tacana, above Cacahua- tan, Chiapas; August 6, 1950. Dr. and Mrs. Clarence J. Goodnight, col- lectors. Diagnosis.—Size very small, less than 20 mm. in length; ocelli greatly reduced, less than 20 in each patch; sternal plate of anterior gonopods of male with a distinct constriction setting off the distal part of the median projecting portion; dorsum with broad purplish and narrow white crossbands. Description of types.——Male 2.3 mm. in width, exact length not de- terminable but less than 18 mm. Segments 37, the last 4 being legless. Antennae short, robust, sensory cones 4. Head completely smooth; eye Hoffman—Studies on Spiroboloid Millipeds 183 patches separated by more than twice their diameter, ocelli 16 on one side and 17 on the other, in 4 and 5 rows respectively. Segments com- pletely smooth and shining; the transverse sulci fairly distinct. Telson rather large, equaling or slightly surpassing the anal valves which are smooth, convex, with very weakly indicated mesial margins. Gonopods (cf. figs. 1, 2) with a somewhat triangular sternal plate which is produced into a small lateral projection on each side proximally. The median projection is set off by a slight construction distad of which it is somewhat broadened and terminating in a rounded lobe which extends past the coxal elements and is in turn exceeded in length by the telopodites. Posterior gonopod short, heavy; coxal articulation con- spicuous. Telopodite a laminate membranous blade, distally becoming somewhat hood-like and protecting the solenomerite. Latter arising from near the base of the telopodite, sinuous in outline and reaching to end of the main blade. Color appearing pale ferrugineous to the eye, but under magnification the pattern is seen to be as follows: prozonite colorless, median third of segment very dilute purple below the level of the pore but with a reddish-brown to purple crossband across the dorsum, this margined in front by a narrow white line. Caudal half of metazonite with a clear yellow band completely around body. Legs and sternites grayish-white; head and antennae yellowish, eye patches black; anal segment and valves reddish-brown. Female differing from male in the following respects: length, 18.5 mm., width, 2.4 mm.; segments 38 of which the last three are legless. Color pattern indistinct, animal largely yellowish-white, suggesting recent moult. Remarks.—This species appears to be the smallest member of the Rhinocricidae yet described, being somewhat smaller than the tiny BR. sabulosus Pocock of Jamaica. Four legless terminal segments seems a large number for an adult, yet the genitalia seemed fully sclerotized and the color pattern of the male indicates maturity. Considering the extensive range covered by members of this genus, and the small size of most of them, one feels safe in predicting the eventual discovery of a great many additional forms in the higher parts of Mexico and adjacent countries. Eurhinocricus tidus (Chamberlin) Rhinocricus tidus Chamberlin, 1947, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 99, p. 37, figs. 25, 26. Type locality.—Fort Tejon, Kern Co., California. Range.—Known only from the type locality. Sra d- i ek | Pr s ia v fe i 7 ‘ Vol. 66, pp. 185-189 December 2, 1953 PROCEEDINGS OF THE . BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON FC 9 ~ 1953 THREE NEW SPECIES OF STENODYNERUS FROM EASTERN: CEIVED UNITED STATES SZEMY OF S c\k SR ji pe | *i i (HYMENOPTERA, VESPIDAE) RicHARD M. BoHART University of California, Davis ’ =e Because of their general similarity to a common eastern species, Stenodynerus (Parancistrocerus) pedestris (Saus- sure), three other species of this genus but of the typical subgenus Stenodynerus have escaped recognition by taxono- mists. One of the species was discovered and called to my attention by Karl V. Krombein, and the others have been re- posing in my collection under manuscript names. Holotypes of the new species will be deposited in the U. S. National Museum, and paratypes will be distributed to other major institutions as far as possible. Descriptions of the male genitalia are based on dissected slide mounts in which the aedeagus has been flattened. Stenodynerus (Stenodynerus) blepharus R. Bohart, new species Male.—Black, marked with deep yellow as follows: Clypeus except for narrow lateroapical margin, spot on mandible, scape in front, comma- shaped ocular spot, frontal spot, postocular spot, two nearly joined pronotal spots, tegula partly, spot beneath, parategula, postscutellum mostly, jegs partly (femora mostly black and coxae entirely so), apical bands on tergites I and II and sternite II, free lateral spot on tergite II. Tegula and tarsi mostly reddish. Inner surface of flagellum toward base and narrowly toward apex brownish yellow, tip black. Wings brown stained, especially along forward margin of forewing. Pubescence minute, obscure. Puncturation moderate, coarse toward summit of I, coarse and very close in yellow band of tergite II. Front closely punc- tured, mesonotum less so, pronotum with punctures separated by less than a puncture diameter. Clypeus well punctured, apical teeth slightly acute and separated by a shallowly rounded excavation of about 1.5 a ocellus diameters breadth; last antennal segment short, its median LSP breadth about one-third that of eleventh segment, reaching to base of eleventh; parategula narrow and pointed, inner margin concave; inter- ocellar area with a pair of narrow but prominent tubercles and a lower one above front ocellus, area with scattered large punctures and con- tinuous with a depressed postocellar area of similar size; propodeum forming a slight shelf behind postscutellum; mid femur not depressed toward base; tergite II with apical margin reflexed a little over one ocellus diameter, base of tergite (beneath apex of I) with a complete row of large pits; sternite II evenly convex and with basomedian erease. Aedeagus stout toward apex, similar to that of superpendentis R. Bohart 24—-Proc. Bion. Soc. WasH., Vou. 66, 1953 (185) 186 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington (1949) except that subbasal expansion, as previously defined (Bohart, 1952), sharply pointed; crest of basal extension of volsella smooth and broadly rounded. Length to apex of second tergite 6.0 mm. Female.—Markings and puncturation about as in male. Clypeus black with 2 basolateral yellow dots, flagellum dull yellowish beneath at base only, mesonotum dotted, 2 dots sometimes on scutellum, angle of propo- deum sometimes spotted, tergites IV and V sometimes narrowly banded, III with a lateral dot. Interocellar tubercles smaller than in male and separated by a broad median punctured zone; vertex pit nearly diamond- shaped, extending as far laterally as inner edges of lateral ocelli and merging anteriorly with interocellar area. Length to apex of second tergite 6.5 mm. Holotype, male, Great Falls, Virginia, June 11, 1944 (G. E. Bohart). Paratypes, 3 males and 1 female, same data as type; 1 male and 2 fe- males, Falls Church, Virginia, June and August (S. A. Rohwer, C. P. Heinrich, R. A. Cushman); I male and four females, Arlington, Virginia, May and September, 1951 (K. V. Krombein); 4 males and 5 females, Dunn Loring, Virginia, May to September, 1949-1951 (K. V. Krom- bein) ; 13 males and 15 females, Washington, D. C., May to July (R. M. Bohart, D. Shappirio); 5 males and 1 female, Cabin John, Maryland, May 30, 1944 (R. M. Bohart). In addition to the type series, I have also seen specimens from Camp Peary, Virginia (R. M. and G. E. Bohart); Glenecarlyn and Oakton, Virginia (R. A. Cushman); Chain Bridge, Virginia (J. C. Bridwell); Smokemont, North Carolina (Bul- lock-Dreisbach) ; McClellanville, South Carolina (H. K. Townes); Dal- ton, Georgia (P. W. Fattig); Tallahassee, Florida (R. M. and G. E. Bohart) ; Sheffield, Alabama (G. E. Bohart); Fulton, Mississippi R. H. Beamer); Louisiana (C. F. Baker); Onaga, Kansas (C. F. Baker); and Lee Co., Texas. This species resembles Stenodynerus (Parancistrocerus) pedestris su- perficially and is often mistaken for it. However, in addition to the subgeneric difference of an acarinarium in pedestris, the latter also has the interocellar area divided all the way to the front ocellus. The nearest described relative of blepharus is probably superpendentis R. Bohart which has similar male genitalia. In blepharus, however, the markings are yellow instead of white, and the last antennal segment of the male is not inflated. Stenorynerus (Stenodynerus) pulvinatus R. Bohart, new species Male.—Black and deep yellow to orange yellow. Yellow are: Clypeus except narrowly around apex, mandible partly, scape in front, lower orbit, triangular frontal spot, postocular dot, barely separated humeral spots, tegula, spot beneath, parategula, mesonotal dot, postscutellum mostly, legs partly, apical margins of tergites I, II, IV and sternite IT, free spots on summit of tergite I, free sublateral spot on tergite II, lateral spots on tergite III and sternite III. Inner surface of flagellum with indistinct dull orange spots. Mandible reddish tipped. Wings deeply brown stained, somewhat violaceous. Pubescence pale, moderate on pleuron, indistinct elsewhere. Puncturation moderate to coarse, ely- peus with moderate distinct punctures, those of front somewhat sep- arated but less so on mesonotum, those of pronotum mostly separated Bohart—Three New Species of Stenodynerus 187 by at least a puncture diameter, those of propodeum above and at sum- mit of tergite I coarse, those along apical margin of tergite II very coarse, elongate, forming an aciculate band. Clypeus with a deeply rounded apical notch between sharp teeth; last antennal segment slender, its median breadth about one-fifth that of eleventh segment, reaching almost to base of eleventh; parategula rather broad, apically rounded, inner margin slightly convex; interocellar area with a pair of smoothly bulging tubercles narrowly connected over front ocellus, otherwise divided by a deeply impressed line of irregular punctures; smooth ocular swell- ings also present on vertex; propodeum forming a rough shelf behind postscutellum; mid femur not depressed toward base; tergite I with an irregular but fairly distinct ridge across summit, apical margin rather prolonged toward middle; tergite II with a thin apical reflex of 3 ocel- lus diameters (2 in some paratypes), base of tergite with pits somewhat indistinct medially; sternite II evenly convex, with a basomedian crease. Aedeagus similar to that figured for S. lacunus (Fox) in Bohart (1952) but more slender and with the apical part longer; crest of basal exten- sion of volsella prominent and serrate. Length to apex of second tergite 8.0 mm. Female.—Markings about as in male. Clypeus with a basal crescent or two spots, orbit dotted, legs sometimes reddish as well as yellow and dark brown. Interocellar tubercles somewhat lower and narrower than in male. Vertex depression shallow, connected with interocellar area; tergite II reflexed 1.0 to 1.5 ocellus diameters. Length to apex of second tergite 9.5 mm. Holotype, male, Washington, D. C., August, 1944 (R. M. Bohart). Paratypes, 7 miles and 5 females from the following localities: Woods Hole, Massachusetts; Nyack, New York; Lakehurst, New Jersey; Sand Point, Huron Co., Michigan (T. H. Hubbell); Charlottesville, Virginia; Southern Pines, North Carolina; McClellanville, South Carolina (H. K. Townes) ; Suwannee Springs, Florida (E. G. Wegeneck); Brandon, Mis- souri (E. C. van Dyke); and Onaga, Kansas (C. F. Baker). Months of collection were May to September. In many respects this species resembles blepharus. Points of difference are the less heavily punctured pronotum of pulvinatus, larger size, more sharply V-shaped interocellar area and well developed ocular tubercles. Stenodynerus (Stenodynerus) krombeini R. Bohart, new species Male.—Black and yellow. Yellow are: Clypeus except free margin narrowly, scape in front, lower orbit, frontal dot, postorbital dots, barely separated humeral spots, pleural spot, parategula, postscutellum mostly, legs partly, apical margins of tergites I, II, IV, V, and sternite II, free sublateral spot on tergite II (also on tergite I in some paratypes). Inner surface of flagellum pale orange as far as apex of X; tip of mandibles, tegula, and legs partly light brownish red. Wings brown stained and slightly violaceous, especially toward leading edge. Pubes- cence pale, inconspicuous. Puncturation moderate to coarse, elypeus with distinct punctures, those of pronotum separated by less than a puncture diameter, those of propodeum above and at summit of tergite I coarse, those along apical margin of tergite II very coarse, forming a slightly aciculate band. Clypeus with a deeply rounded apical notch 188 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington between sharp teeth; last antennal segment a little less than one-third as broad as eleventh segment, reaching to base of eleventh; parategula stout at base, pointed apically (narrowly rounded in some paratypes) ; interocellar area with a pair of somewhat punctured tubercles, not con- nected over front ocellus, low and irregular ocular swellings visible on vertex; propodeum forming a rough shelf behind postseutellum; mid femur strongly depressed at base; tergite I with an irregular and hardly definable ridge across summit; apical margin of tergite II with a thin apical reflex of 3 ocellus diameters (2 in some paratypes), base of tergite with transverse row of pits indistinct except laterally; sternite II evenly convex, with a basomedian crease. Aedeagus with median expansion separated from subbasal one by a tiny notch, subbasal ex- pansion with a long concave edge and small sharp basal angles; crest of basal extension of volsella prominent and serrate. Length to apex of second tergite 7.5 mm. Female.—Markings about as in male, clypeus extensively black at middle, resulting in 3 or 4 yellow spots, orbit dotted, legs more exten- sively reddish. Interocellar tubercles a little lower than in male. Vertex depression shallow, well punctured, as broad as interocellar area. Ter- gite II reflexed about 1 ocellus diameter. Length to apex of second tergite 8.0 mm. Holotype, male, Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina, July 16, 1950 (K. V. Krombein). Paratypes, 14 males and 9 females, same data as type but collected May 26-June 5 in 1948, June 28-July 19 in 1950, and July 28- August 5 in 1952. The similarity in appearance of this species and S. pedestris is striking. However, in addition to the subgeneric character of an acarinarium be- neath the first tergite, the latter species differs also in the dark flagellum as well as in details of the male genitalis. There is also a general similarity to the other two species described in this paper and their relationships are indicated in the following key: 1. Interocellar tubercles not connected behind front ocellus; no postocellar vertex depression in male, mid femur of male de- pressed beneath at base, punctures of pronotum mostly sepa- rated by less than a puncture diameter; weak and irregular ocular tubercles present; transverse row of pits across base of tergite IT indistinct medially; aedeagus with a minute notch on lateral margin between subbasal and median expansion_—__..... SA Sa TERRE NE es SPDR ed Pace PME NLT ORE krombewm Interocellar tubercles connected by a narrow bridge behind front ocellus; male with a postocellar vertex depression but no de- pression at base of mid femur 2.2. <<... 1.2). 4) eee 2 2. Punctures of pronotum mostly separated by less than a puncture diameter; transverse row of pits across base of tergite II dis- tinct; interocellar area in female composed of several rows of punctures between swellings; ocular tubercles absent; male an- tennal hook about one-third as broad at middle as segment XI; aedeagus with lateral margin nearly straight from subbasal ex- pansion to apes oe a ee eee blepharus Punctures of pronotum mostly separated by more than a puncture diameter; transverse row of pits across base of tergite II in- Bohart—Three New Species of Stenodynerus 189 distinct medially; interocellar area in female sharply V-shaped and with only a single irregular row of punctures between swell- ings; ocular tubercles well developed; male antennal hook about one-fifth as broad at middle as segment XI; aedeagus con- stricted between subbasal and median expansions as well as sub- SS SNR DN ES EN RA I Cet Oe eae RUN RAG Ales ND 2 pulvinatus REFERENCES CITED Bohart, R. M., 1949. The genus Stenodynerus in southern Arizona. Proc. Ent. Soe. Wash. 51: 237-259. , 1952. The California species of mite-bearing Stenodynerus. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 54: 38-53. piibiacicns soci? OF. sigan —— actin wipes a at eal hee PR v ra srs Breas pone at ce. Racereny ee APS SEAN MOA SKUs: ee ers #%., Pee Si exciat Naked eres Sew un pipes peste Of the Suthers Aapatengha i : i, Bio h ‘ ictal aes part ac g-neteal Cy ians is TV Me": ee Paes tae) cede RDish be baer acini ky beak eaoe eter. pepa bil os Tt nay Me Saree ieucre sihetrar releeided, Gad sudherwseie Cig 4404 Prwslost, dee 600 put). D. & Batis) Jaen Pvepitcets.l 2 Mayas Sieg: ley pawl oko G Bower te et Coe . ha cov? Soe, ew aed por bhe't wide lias’ Wives, Tos Graber, “A Creche . era) 7 Sts ores) So) eto ee pees ead core of Cow wien Apauteabien Peach, a See, Tetuteen, 2 yom Fircb- i. & ween fae eee Poum SeLaeew Wcetiaa. 6, tne Cree Aras ee 4 ro » Sy dive Crags, tm, Tet “ede SP ates ere , Dighewr~0 ms felto Ab-eal WHet-k. om toe* apinty, Sr Cah Gerany ue OO. Ah, ase See fee, peat Ret lousy ot. OE De of et g2tnt orp een) Sir ieee l - mm e4e- Boksd cee. Carats, a «eh Ogs ovlatgtita: -nditatlvet ee nee anv. Cr Bas i. See ete ry Ces 14 Cerys *S yr Vyay <8 rer | ' Siaisi “« G rar, tah dorset tol stew me pares Ts a etiam “aioe Breen apt Wyah Viesec? cites abet Bien ce trae Male Wee rie My eink sung ~g Tac Fae A odiies ~ eh ae oe ee ea ee vei gout Rist 1 |e? tes #246. vO peer aterm Urea ee io byt) ao, @ ocd MRA. coy an Vp Ged are wel ad age. a cs foe poeeviel ( epee gestae of 14) Scirus Wis 46 Te 2 HESS, oo A+ @©44rea, opowhay al ol Se eee it Seats Water. Yepcy-cad, Do aes & Se Alor vf fat upd aeolm g-y, eoktad eee bet Beeliee Beh Se Pins! op) Miwdy Sewer -emtgbouly’ deena dae Sree werd espa! [hetlen: awtaa recta: of tall eoweens Riel Maiters, de: Lint eh oes Bhi, «liters ee Sy gmiats) RU) Sager, ta Dares heed Oboe) wt hs oir The Ling mat: SB deed: SANE a, lal eae, : dete Soper a gi ve al . eh rte hy ry 1 ie te if \ / \i $/ a , |; t 7 fF 2 4 D4 \ ws “i wae \%0,, RECEIVED cvs Vol. 66, pp. 191-194 SCO Fy), nr oti December 2, 1953 WS SMY OF SULZ ‘PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW FLYING SQUIRREL FROM THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS By CHARLES O. HANDLEY, JR., United States National Museum The spruce and balsam forests of the Southern Appalachian Highlands are the haunt of a boreal flying squirrel of the species Glaucomys sabrinus which is subspecifically distinct from more northern populations. It may be known as: Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus, new subspecies Type.—Young adult female; skin and skull; U. S. National Museum No. 292278; collected 1 March 1951 by Malcolm G. Edwards at 5000 feet elevation on Bald Knob, three and one-half miles south of the summit of Mount Mitchell, Yancey County, North Carolina. Distribution.—Irregularly distributed at high elevations in the spruce and balsam cloud forests of the southern Appalachian Mountains, in North Carolina, Tennessee, and possibly Virginia. It is thus far known definitely only from Blanket Mountain in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Sevier County, Tennessee; from Roan Mountain, Carter County, Tennessee; and from Mount Mitchell, Yancey County, North Carolina; at elevations of 4000, 5500, and 5000 feet, respectively. It probably also occurs on some of the other moist spruce and fir ‘‘islands’’ of this general area. Zonal range: Canadian. Description.—Adult coloration (capitalized color terms are from Ridg- way, 1912, Color standards and color nomenclature) : Specimens collected in August similar to G. s. fuscus, but darker both above and below; dorsum between Cinnamon-Brown and Mikado Brown; entire under sur- face of body, legs, and flight membranes with wash ranging from Pale Yellow-Orange to Ochraceous-Buff, leaving few or no white-tipped hairs; under surface of tail suffused with orange (between Cinnamon and Ochraceous-Buff) and edged with sooty at tip and along margins of distal half; soles of hind feet brownish; upper surface of tail between Brussels Brown and Prout’s Brown, with sooty suffusion, especially at tip; upper surfaces of feet between Warm Sepia and Bone Brown; ears dark; sides of face and cheeks gray, washed with buff. Specimens collected in February and March, paler throughout; dorsum between Cinnamon-Brown and Sayal Brown; under surface of tail between Light Ochraceous-Salmon and Light Ochraceous-Buff. Immature coloration (August and September): Like G. s. fuscus, but darker throughout. Body size about as in other southeastern races, but tail longer. Skull long and relatively narrow; rostrum long and broad; supraorbital process wide at base; braincase long; palate long and wide; maxillary tooth row long. Measurements.—See Table I. Comparisons.—Available specimens demonstrate a north-south color cline in the Appalachians, with the pale macrotis in the north, the dark 25—Proc. Bion. Soc. 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Specimens of macrotis from New York, compared with specimens of fuscus and coloratus, are lighter-backed and more cinnamon, and have the tail lighter on both surfaces and largely lacking the sooty tip and margins characteristic of the southern races. The dorsal surfaces of the feet are considerably lighter, the sides of the face and cheeks are less gray, the dark lateral margins of the flight membranes are less blackish, the ears are lighter, and the underparts are whiter and less washed with orange and buff. G. s. fuscus resembles G. s. coloratus except that the back and cheeks are slightly lighter, the under surface of the tail is not so bright, and the underparts are less extensively washed with orange and buff. The color differences between macrotis and coloratus are striking in winter as well as in summer pelage. Though both races are paler in winter, the distinctions already outlined still apply, with the possible exception of the orange and buff wash on the underparts, which appears to be irregular at that season. No winter-caught specimens of fuscus have been studied. Immature specimens collected from August to October exhibit a similar north-south color cline, but in this pelage fuscus appears to be more nearly intermediate, differing more radically from coloratus than in the adult stage. Immature specimens of coloratus are darker in all de- tails, including the tail, feet, cheeks, ears, and underparts. The tail is dusky over the entire dorsal surface and on the margin and tip ventrally; this dusky color is shown much less by fuscus and not at all by macrotis. Compared with G. s. fuscus, G. s. coloratus has a longer tail, a longer skull, broader supraorbital processes, longer maxillary tooth rows, longer braincase, longer and wider palate, and longer nasals that are more expanded distally. G. 8. macrotis closely resembles fuscus in cranial characters, except that the nasals are long as in coloratus. No clinal relationship has been determined in external or cranial proportions among the southeastern races. Remarks.—The specimens from Mount Mitchell were taken in a dense forest of virgin spruce and fir and in mature yellow birch trees on the fringe of the conifers. The Roan Mountain specimen came from a yellow birch forest on a north slope several hundred feet below the conifer zone. The Blanket Mountain locality is in the Appalachian deciduous forest, at least seven airline miles from the nearest spruce and fir. All the squirrels were caught in rat traps nailed to the trunks of large trees. The traps on Mount Mitchell were baited with a mixture of peanut butter, prunes, and rolled oats. From its nearest relative, Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus of the spruce-birch-beech-maple zone of eastern West Virginia, G. s. coloratus is ecologically isolated by a wide area of probably inhospitable dry oak-hickory forest. A subadult specimen of coloratus (U.S.N.M. No. 292277) trapped at the type locality on January 31 is a genetic aberration. The brown pigment is much diluted throughout, so that the dorsum is between Wood Brown and Drab and the tail and feet are almost clear sooty gray. Four other specimens trapped nearby are normal in appearance. No similar specimens of Glaucomys have been found in the collections of the University of Michigan or the U. 8S. National Museum. 194 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Specimens examined.—Specimens are in the U. S. National Museum (including the Biological Surveys Collection), except as indicated by the following abbreviations: GSMNP, National Park Service, Great Smoky Mountains National Park; UMMZ, University of Michigan Mu- seum of Zoology; WVMS, West Virginia Mammal Survey, West Virginia Conservation Commission. I am grateful to the authorities of these organizations for the loan of specimens, and also to those of the North Carolina Conservation Commission for assistance in securing specimens in the field. G. s. coloratus—NORTH CAROLINA: Yancey Co., Mt. Mitchell, 5000 ft., 5 (3 in UMMZ). TENNESSEE: Carter Co., Roan Mt., 5500 ft., 1. Sevier Co., Blanket Mt., 4000 ft., 1 (GSMNP). G. s. fuscus—WEST VIRGINIA: Pocahontas Co., Cranberry Glades, 3300 ft., 1 (the type); Mill Point, Cranberry River, 3450 ft., 1 (WVMS). Randolph Co., Bickle Knob, 7.9 mi. NE Elkins, 3900 ft., 1 (WVMS); Cheat Bridge, 3900-4000 ft., 2. G. s. macrotis—MASSACHUSETTS: Middlesex Co., Wilmington, 1. Worcester Co., Lunenburg, 1; Winchen- don, 1. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Carroll Co., Ossipee, 4. NEW YORK: Adirondack Mts., 1. Greene Co., Hunter Mt., 1 (the type). Herkimer Co., Big Moose Lake, 1; Locust Grove, 1. Madison Co., Peterboro, 1. BYP \ \%o, REGEIVED YY aN “4 ba cr” Z Vol. 66, pp. 195-198 y OF = ch Aecember 2, 1953 OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF THE SEXUAL FORMS OF SOME SPECIES OF AMPHOROPHORA (APHIDIDAE) F, C. HorTres The sexual forms described herewith, belong to species de- scribed by the author from time to time in the Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.. Amphorophora tigwatensa Hottes Apterous male. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 1.34 mm. Width of head across eyes .47 mm. Color not observed in life, apparently as follows: head thorax and abdomen yellowish-brown. Abdomen with lateral spots of darker brown. Median region of dorsum of abdomen with spots of a similar color. Anterior margins of head, antennal tubercles, median posterior margin of head and dorsum of thorax dark brown. Antennae with the exception of the extreme base of third segment uniform dark brown. Femora yellowish at base shading to dark brown. Tibiae and tarsi almost uniform dark brown. Cornicles dark dusky-brown. Cauda, anal plate and region just anterior brownish. Head and thorax.—Comparative lengths of antennal segments as fol- lows: III .86 mm., IV .71 mm., V .66 mm., VI .18 + 1.00 mm. Second- ary sensoria on third segment number 41, the sensoria are confined largely to one side of the segment and are irregularly arranged, they vary in size, have wide rims and are slightly tuberculate. The fourth segment is free from sensoria, on the fifth segment the sensoria number from 15-19 and are arranged in an irregular row. The third segment is smooth, the remaining segments are more or less imbricated. Hair on the antennae is sparse, that on third and fourth segments is slightly knobbed, this is not true of the hair on the fifth segment. The antennal tubercles are well developed, the inner margins of the tubercles are very erect. The rostrum extends beyond the coxae of the metathorax. The fourth segment of the rostrum is very long, being subequal to the length of the base of the sixth antenna] segment. The hind tibiae are 2.13 mm. long. The hind tarsi are .1 mm long. Hair on the inner margin of the hind tibia is longer and more spine-like than that on the outer margin. Hair near the apex of the tibia is much inclined. Abdomen.—Cornicles .60 mm. long, much imbricated hence very rough. Cauda .17 mm. long, rather broad with the width carried well towards the apex. The setulose surface of the cauda is very coarse, there are four lateral hair. Harpagon very dark and hairy. 26—Proc. Bion. Soc. WAsH., Vou. 66, 1953 (195) 196 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Allotype apterous male. Skyway, Colorado, Sept. 23, 1947. Rubus sp. Deposited in the United States National Museum. Oviparous female. Size and general color.—Described from a single adult female, but one taken before the development of the full color of the imago. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 2.51 mm., width of head across eyes 46 mm. With the exception of the anterior margin of the head and antennal tubercles which are pale dusky the entire body is pale yellowish- green. Antennae dusky with apex of segments darker. Cornicles dusky, legs the same with the apex of the tibiae darker. Head and thorax.—Comparative lengths of antennal segments as fol- lows: III .64 mm., IV .50 mm., V .44 mm., VI .15 plus terminal fila- ment part which is missing on both antenna. The secondary sensoria are confined to the third segment and number three, located on the basal half. Prothorax with a pair of large lateral tubercles. Rostrum extend- ing about to coxae of mesothorax. Mid region of hind tibiae with a few sensoria, the tibiae are not disfigured and are hardly swollen. Abdomen.—Cornicles .21 mm. long, not as swollen as in the case of the viviparous female but just as rough on the surface. Cauda .21 mm. long, very setulose with two lateral hair near the apex which is not pointed. Morphotype apterous oviparous female, Skyway, Colorado, Sept. 23, 1947 on Rubus sp. Deposited in the United States National Museum. Amphorophora pawtincae Hottes. Alate male. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 2.03 mm. Color not observed in life but apparently as follows: head and first two antennal segments yellowish-green, with dusky brown around margins of head, eyes and ocelli, also about first two antennal segments. Thorax green with dorsal lobes dusky. Abdomen light-green with al- most invisible patches of dusky at the margins. Cornicles with con- stricted region pale, remaining portion dusky, with region just before apex darkest. Cauda concolorous with abdomen. Antennae very light dusky with all segments darker at the apex. Third antennal segment slightly darker than the others, the fourth segment lightest. Femora concolorous with abdomen with pale dusky at apex. Tibiae pale with region near apex dusky, tarsi the same. Head and appendages.—Comparative lengths of antennal segments as follows: III .86 mm., IV .79 mm., V .71 mm., VI .17 + 1.43 mm, Third antennal segment with 41 secondary sensoria, confined largely to one side of segment but irergularly arranged. The sensoria are large, rather flat and have wide rims. The fourth segment is without sensoria. The fifth segment is provided with from 19-21 sensoria, arranged more or less in a row, but not evenly spaced. Primary sensorium on fifth seg- ment very large. Third segment almost smooth, with a few sharp pointed hair, remaining segments more or less imbricated. The rostrum reaches the coxae of the mesothorax. Hottes—Sexual Forms of Species of Amphorophora 197 Thorax.—The prothorax is provided with a pair of lateral tubercles. Hind tibiae 2.22 mm. long. Hind tarsi .13 mm. long. Inner hair on hind tibiae more spine-like than that on outer margin. Second fork of media closer to first fork than to margin of wing. Radial sector much bowed. Stigma very pale. All veins light dusky, lightly bordered with dusky. Abdomen.—Hair on abdomen sparse and fine. Cornicles .50 mm. long and very lightly imbricated just before flange. Cauda .17 mm. long tather pointed towards apex, with three lateral hair to a side. There appear to be no lateral tubercles on the abdomen. Allotype alate male, Skyway, Colorado, Sept. 5, 1952. Host Primula parryi. Slide deposited in the United States National Museum. Amphorophora agathonica Hottes. Alate male. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 1.50- 1.57 mm. Head and thorax brownish, abdomen apparently yellowish- green with dusky lateral spots. Dorsum of abdomen with spots of a similar color, arranged in one or two rows. Antennae brown with third segment darkest. Tibiae with apical portions brown, remainder of tibiae much lighter. Cornicles dusky with constricted region not as dark. Head and thorax.—Comparative lengths of antennal segments as fol- lows: III .96 mm., IV .77 mm., V .76 mm., VI .11 + 1.43 mm. The secondary sensoria on the third segment number 55-66, there are no secondary sensoria on the fourth segment, the fifth segment has from 17-24. The hair on the third antennal segment is shorter than the width of the segment. The rostrum reaches slightly beyond the mesothoracic coxae. The second fork of the media is about mid-way between the first fork and the margin of the wing. All veins are lightly bordered. The prothorax does not have lateral tubercles. Abdomen.—The abdomen seems to be provided with at least three pair of lateral tubercles. The cornicles are from .50-.54 mm. long. The sur- face of the cornicles is weakly imbricated. The cauda has a length of 14 mm. The width of the cauda is carried out well towards the end, there are four lateral hair to a side. The apical lateral hair are strongly incurved at the tip. Allotype alate male. Skyway, Colorado, Oct. 14, 1949, collected on Rubus sp. This slide has been deposited in the United States National Museum. Oviparous female. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 2.14 mm. Color yellowish-green. Antennae pale dusky with the apex of the segments darker. Legs pale with the exception of the apex of the tibiae, and all of the tarsi. Cornicles dusky except for constricted region which is concolorous with abdomen. Head and thorax.—Comparativce lengths of antennal segments as follows: III .77 mm., IV .38 mm., V .57 mm., VI .14 + 1.08 mm. The third antennal segment as two secondary sensoria. The rostrum extends 198 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington to the mesothoracic coxae. The hair on the third and fourth antennal segments is slightly knobbed, hair on remaining segments pointed at end. Hind tibiae 2.14 mm long, hind tarsi .1 mm long. Hind tibiae only silghtly swollen, the sensoria on this segment are small and only slightly tuberculate. Hair on outer margin of hind tibiae sparse, far apart and silghtly knobbed, hair on inner margin also sparse but sharp pointed. Abdomen.—Cornicles .65 mm. long, only slightly swollen, very weakly imbricated. Cauda .21 mm. long. Morphotype apterous oviparous female. Skyway, Colorado, Oct. 14, 1949. Collected on Rubus sp. Slide deposited in the United States Na- tional Museum. rb” ¥ st DEG 9 ~ 1953 Vol. 66, pp. 199-202 Ye, RECEIVED Se fember 2, 1953 CEEDINGS S sO A S123 ane BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME UNDESCRIBED FORMS OF APHIDAE F. C. Horres The descriptions published herewith add to our knowledge of this interesting family of insects. Cinara wahhaka Hottes Apterous male. Size and general color.—Not separated from oviparous females in life hence assumed to be of same general color. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate I .52 mm Head and thorax.—Rostrum long reaching midway between cornicles and end of abdomen. Head with a median suture. Ocular tubercles not evident, eyes small. Antennal segments with the following comparative lengths: III .31 mm., IV .14 mm., V .26 mm., VI .04 + .03 mm. Second- ary sensoria distributed as follows: five on one antenna and nine on the other grouped on apical half of segment, arranged in two more or less irregular rows, very small and very tuberculate. Primary sensorium on this segment also very small, hair almost absent, where present very fine and extremely short. Segment IV of the antennae has five to eight very small and very tuberculate secondary sensoria. The sensoria on this segment are irregularly arranged but are confined largely to one side. Fifth antennal segment with four small secondary sensoria, and one to two sensoria of normal size. The primary sensorium on this segment is of normal size. All segments of the thorax show incomplete median sutures. Prothorax with small lateral tubercles. Hind tibiae I .07 mm. long. Hair on outer surface of hind tibiae very sparse, fine and short, that on inner surface sparse, on proximal half, normal on apical half. Longest hair on this surface almost as long as width of segment. Inner surface of first segment of hind tarsis with about ten hair. Hind tarsis .21 mm. long. Abdomen.—Cornicles as in females and with few hair. Hair on abdo- men very fine, very sparse and very short, except for the hair on the eauda and anal plate which is normal. Gonapophyses rather long, finger-like, somewhat curved and free from hair. Allotype described from a single male taken on the type tree Juniperus utahensis, Oct. 5, 1952, Colorado National Monument, Grand Junction, Colorado. Type deposited in the United States National Museum. Macrosiphum wasintae (Hottes) Alate viviparous female. Size and general color.—Described from only two alate viviparous fe- males, the only alate specimens taken since the species was described in 1933. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate varying from 1.71-2.21 mm. Head light dusky. Antennae dusky the segments becoming darker 27—Proc. Biou. Soc. WAsH., Vout. 66, 1953 (199) 200 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington towards the apex. Inner portion of first segment darker than rest of segment. Thorax green with the sclerites outlined with dusky. Abdomen light green, darker and more shining than that of the apterous vivipar- ous female. Femora and tibiae dusky green with apical regions much darker. Tarsi concolorous with ends of tibiae. Cauda pale dusky green, with setulose portions darker. Cornicles dusky, except near base where they are concolorous with abdomen. Anal plate dusky. Head and thorax.—Antennal tubercles prominent. Median portion of vertex with two short blunt hair. Antennal tubercles each with two blunt medium length hair. Comparative lengths of antennal segments as follows: III .69-.71 mm., IV .59-.64 mm., V .57-63 mm., VI .17 + .69- .79 mm. Secondary sensoria limited to the third antennal segment, arranged in a straight row, irregular in size and spacing, extending throughout the length of the segment. The sensoria number from 13-16 and are rather flat. Antennal hair very sparse, shorter than one half width of segment, and sometimes much more so, dull to slightly en- larged at the tip. Primary sensoria with a prominent hair ring, that on six without marginal sensoria. Eyes black, ocular tubercles well de- veloped. Rostrum reaching almost to coxae of mesothorax. Veins of wings bordered with dusky, second fork of media closer to margin of wing than to first fork. Hair on femora scant and short. Hind tibiae 1.78-1.85 mm. Hair on hind tibiae sparse, rather drooping, sharp pointed, more abundant near apex. Hind tarsi .143 mm. long, first segment with two hair. Abdomen.—Hair on abdomen sparse, similar to that on antennae, and but little longer, except for a row of long hair just anterior to origin of cauda. Cauda .27-.28 mm. long, slightly constricted near middle, with three strongly inwardly bent lateral hair arising posterior to constric- tion. Anal plate narrow and deep, with only a few long inwardly curved hair on the outer margin, dorsal surface with a few much shorter hair .Cornicles .50 mm. long, in other respects as in apterous viviparous female. Morphotype, alate viviparous female, taken on Dasyphora fruiticosa in the bottom of Carson Hole. (Uncompahgre National Forest, Western Colorado) June 22, 1952. Deposited in the United States National Museum. Amphorophora pawtincae Hottes. Apterous viviparous female. Size and general color.—Described from a single female. Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 2.50 mm. Color of head pale yellowish- green with margins only slightly dusky. Thorax and abdomen yellowish- green. Antennae, cornicles and legs less dusky than corresponding struc- tures in the alate form. This is particularly true of the cornicles which can best be described as pale dusky from the middle towards the apex. Head and thorax.—Median portion of vertex and antennal tubercles with rather long knobbed hair. Antennal segments growing darker to- wards the apex. Proportional lengths of antennal segments as follows: III .82 mm., IV .74 mm., V .63 mm., VI .14 + 1.07 mm. Third antennal] segment with two small rather flat secondary sensoria, not far removed from base. One would expect a larger number. Secondary sensoria ab- Hottes—Some Undescribed Forms of Aphidae 201 sent from other segmnets. Third segment almost smooth, with few knobbed hair which are shorter than the width of segment. Remaining antennal segments progressively more and more imbricated. The hair on the fourth antennal segment is less knobbed than that on the third, while only a few hair are knobbed on the fifth and none on the sixth. The rostrum reaches just beyond the base of the metathoracie coxae. Pro- thorax with a pair of small lateral tubercles. Hind tibiae 2.35 mm, long, tarsi of same .13 mm. Hair on hind tibiae considerably shorter than width of segment, rather coarse, that on outer anterior half dull pointed, remaining hair sharp pointed. Hair at apex of tibiae shorter, finer and more inclined. First segment of hind tarsus with two short hair. Abdomen.—Cornicles .78 mm. long, somewhat less swollen than those of alate female, with the surface lightly imbricated, otherwise as in alate. Cauda .40 mm. long with four lateral hair, not constricted. Morphotype apterous viviparous female, deposited in the United States National Museum. Skyway, Colorado (Cottonwood Lake trail type lo- eality). Taken on fiower stem of Primula parryi Aug. 3, 1952. Alate viviparous females were taken in the same limited area July 12th apparently having just arrived from the primary host, as there were no young. On Sept. 5th the species had again migrated. Rubus sp. appar- ently does not grow in the immediate vicinity. I have suspected it of being the primary host. Ribes sp. grows just across the trail from the region where most of the Primroses grow but I found no Aphids on them. I suspect that I would have collected more apterous forms had I not taken most of the alate females on July 12th. Amphorophora morrisoni (Swain). Oviparous female. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to tip of anal plate 2.0 mm. Color essentially similar to that of apterous viviparous female. Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following comparative lengths: III .67 mm., IV .50 mm., V .53 mm., VI .20 + .67 mm. All segments of the antennae free from secondary sensoria. Rostrum sur- passing mesothoracie coxae. Hind tibiae 1.64 mm. long, only slightly swollen on basal third, sensoria, few in number, small, slightly tubercu- late, and extending in limited numbers slightly beyond middle, although in some cases not attaining middle of tibiae. Tarsi .17 mm. Abdomen.—Cornicles .58 mm. long, outer surface rough, imbricated, otherwise as in apterous viviparous female. Cauda .31 mm. long, not constricted, with three to four hair laterally. Anal plate slightly in- dented in middle at apex. Alate male. Size and general color.—Length from vertex to tip of anal plate vary- ing from 1.78-2.00 mm. Head brownish. Thorax brownish but not as dark as head. Abdomen green as in viviparous females, but with lateral spots dusky, dusky patches are also found on the dorsum. Antennae with the exception of segments one and two and extreme base of three black. Legs and cornicles much darker than corresponding parts of viviparous females. Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following comparative 202 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington lengths: III .74-.79 mm., IV .57-.67 mm., V .64-.71 mm., VI .17 + 1.02- 1.04mm. Secondary sensoria distributed as follows: III 38-55, IV 2, V 15-16. On segment three the sensoria are irregularly arranged, rather small and more or less tuberculate, on five confined largely to apical half, and arranged more or less in a row. Stigma dark dusky, veins dusky and more or less bordered. Second fork of media closer to margin of wing than to first fork. Hind tibiae 1.53-1.78 mm. long. Hair on inner surface of hind tibiae more spine-like and more numerous than hair on outer side. Hair on outer side much shorter than width of segment. Hind tarsi .06 long. Abdomen.—Cornicles .57-.60 mm. long much more rough than in the viviparous females. Cauda .21 mm. long with three inwardly curved hair at the sides and two strongly inwardly curved hair on the dorsum near the apex. Morphotype apterous female, Allotype alate male. Both types de- posited in the United States National Museum. Both types taken south of Glade Park, Colorado, (Pifion Mesa) Sept. 4, 1952. Host Juniperus scopulorum. BY ‘¢ @ = 1953 | EIVED WY 7 REGE =i Qs ey os OOH Vol. 66, p. 203 December 2, 1953 BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON STATUS OF LAGOPUS MUTUS SANFORDI BENT By Ira N. GABRIELSON AND FREDERICK C. LINCOLN Subspeciation is one of the most interesting biological fea- tures of the avifauna of the Aleutians. The islands of this chain form a continuation of the Alaska Range and they extend more than 900 miles westward from the tip of the Alaska Peninsula. Included are 14 large and at least 55 small islands in addition to innumerable unnamed islets and rocks. Starting on the east, the islands are grouped into four archi- pelagos, the Fox Islands, the Andreanof Islands, the Rat Islands, and the Near Islands. The islands are of volcanic origin and generally speaking, the ecologi- cal conditions are similar. It should be remembered that although the Aleutians well deserve their reputation for bad weather they are not in the Arctic zone. Actually the southern islands are in the same latitude as London, England. Apparently the factor of greatest importance in the evolution of Aleutian avian subspecies is that of isolation. Although many of the islands are separated from each other by channels of a mile or less, other water areas between islands are 50 miles or more. With this background and in connection with our work on the Birds of Alaska, we have reexamined a fairly extensive series of Lagopus mutus, in the U. 8S. National Museum and in the Gabrielson collection, that were taken during the breeding season on Adak, Kanaga, and Tanaga Islands of the Andreanof Archipelago. According to the A.O.U. Check-List (ms for fifth edition) and Ridgway and Friedmann (U.S.N.M. Bull. 50, part X), specimens from Tanaga and Kanaga Islands, should be classified as Lagopus m. sanfordi Bent, while those from Adak Island should be Lagopus m. chamberlainti A. H. Clark. From the descriptions in Ridgway and Friedmann (op. cit.) the terms ‘‘not certainly dis- tinguishable’’ and ‘‘not certainly separable’’ used when comparing these two races to L. m. townsendi, seem significant. Our examination forces us to agree and we must record that we are not able to establish a consistent difference between the Rock Ptarmigan of Adak, Kanaga and Tanaga Islands. Considering the geography of the situation this does not seem surprising as the shortest distance between any two of these three islands is not more than 8 miles, well within the flight range of a ptarmigan. Accordingly, it is our recommendation that Lagopus mutus sanfordt Bent, be placed in synonomy and that the Rock Ptarmigan of these three islands be placed under Lagopus mutus chamberlaini, A. H. Clark. This action will be taken in our forthcoming work on the Birds of Alaska. 28—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., VoL. 66, 1953 (203) 204 Proceedings of the Bio ! L By Vol. 66, pp. 205-210 December 8, 1953 PROCEEDINGS if AF ORK OF THE 49 cipraay WV BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON € \\ 4 Hec. Bb °6, 1952 ba) be FOUR NEW SPECIES OF CINARA (AE f RECEIVED Rey By F. C. Horres ann E. O. Essie lmy OF S The four new species described herewith were collected in States in which limited Aphid collecting has been done. We wish there had been more material from which to describe these species, but for the most part they differ greatly from other species within the genus Cinara. Cinara alacra new species Apterous viviparous female: Size and general color.—This species is described from a single cleared specimen, color notes from life not available. Length from vertex to end of anal plate 4.57 mm. Head and first two antennal segments dusky brown. Third, antennal segment yellowish with apical portion of segment brown. Fourth and fifth antennal segments with basal halves yellowish remainder of segments brown. Sixth antennal segment with base yellowish, remainer brown. Median suture of head very dark. Last three segments of rostrum dark brown, apical portion of second segment spotted. Femora with basal halves yellowish shading quickly to dark brown. Prothoracic tibiae with a short region near base blackish-brown, followed by a yellowish-brown region, which shades quickly into very dark brownish-black. Meso and metathoracic tibiae with just a suggestion of brownish-black at knees, followed by a yellowish-brown region to middle of tibiae, remainder of tibiae very dark brownish-black. All tarsi brownish-black. Cornicles deep brown. Dorsum of abdomen with quite a few small irregular shaped pigmented spots each provided with a single hair. Just anterior to the cornicles there are two larger pigmented spots, these have five and six hairs each. The spiracles arise from brownish pigmented spots. Trans- verse pigmented area divided, the posterior margin of each spot provided with one or two irregular dows of hairs. Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following lengths: IIT .50 mm., IV .185 mm., V .128 mm., VI .143 +.042 mm. Third and fourth antennal segments without either primary or secondary sensoria. Fifth antennal segment with a large primary sensorium, sixth segment with primary sensorium comparatively small, and six marginal sensoria which are rather far removed from the primary. Antennal hair sparce, rather spine-like, about two times width of segment in length, and for the most part inclined at an angle of about forty-five degrees. Ocular tubereles present but small. Rostrum with segments four and five extending beyond metathoracic coxae. Last three segments of the rostrum with the following lengths: .214, .171, .057 mm. Metathoracic tibiae short, measuring only 1.78 mm. Hair on outer margin of tibiae 29—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASH., Vou. 66, 1953 (205) 206 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington much longer and more spine-like than hair on inner margin. Hair on outer margin about equal to width of segment, inclined at an angle of about sixty degrees. Hair on inner margin or tibiae more numerous and more inclined near apex. First segment of hind tarsis with about elevent hairs on apical half of segment. Hair on dorsal surface of second segment of tarsis longer and more spine-like than that on ventral surface. The first segment of the hind tarsis is .1 mm. long, the length of the sec- ond segment is .30 mm. The mesosternal tubercle is absent. Abdomen.—Cornicles with outer margins vary irregular in outline, measuring about .31 mm. The cornicles are provided with a few long spine-like hairs and many fine and also shorter hair. Neither type of hair extend to the extreme outer margin of the cornicles. Dorsum of abdomen with many comparatively short spine-like hairs which measure about .07 mm. in length. Most of these hairs arise from small pig- mented spots hardly larger than the diameter of the hair. The ventral surface of the body is provided with fine sharp-pointed hair, which seem to occur in two lengths, the longer being about twice the length of the shorter. Cauda and anal plate provided with long fine hairs, both of these structures are brown in color. Holotype apterous viviparous female. Santa Rosa Mt. alt. 7,500 ft. Nevada. Host Abies conocolor. R. M. Bohart coll. May 31, 1940. De- posited in collection of E. O. Essig. There is one additional slide of this species but the specimens are not mature. This species differs from Cinara lasiocarpae (Gillette and Palmer) by having two kinds of hairs on the cornicles, shorter hair on the an- tennae, tibiae and abdomen, much shorter unguis. It is perhaps most closely allied to Cinara pectinatae (Nordlinger) which Dr. Borner has made the type of a new genus he described and named Buchneria, to which on the information we have, this species does not seem to belong. C. prectinatae has not yet been recorded from North America. C. alacra differs from C. pectinatae in having fewer hairs on the ventral surface of the first tarsal segment, and in having them on the apical half of segment rather than throughout the length of the ventral surface, the first tarsal segment is shorter, shorter body and tibial hair, two kinds of hairs on cornicles. C. pectinatae seems to have the transverse pig- mented spot, replaced by a series of pigmented islands, and to have two kinds of hair on the cauda and anal plate. Cinara vagabunda new species Alate viviparous female: Size and general color.—The single specimen from which this species is described in somewhat distorted as mounted on the slide so that the actual length in life is most likely less than that given here. Length from vertex to end of anal plate 4.14 mm. The color is described from the cleared specimen, no information as to color, being available from notes taken from the living specimen. Head and thorax dusky brown. Antennal segments dusky with apical portions of segments slightly darker. Pro and mesothoracic tibiae with knees brown, remainder of tibiae yellowish shading to darker near apex. Metathoracie tibiae Hotties and Essig—Four New Species of Cinara = 207 brown, remainder of tibiae almost a uniform dark brown, portion not so just a shade lighter and on basal half of segment. Segments three, four and five of rostrum brown, with median ventral portion of third and fourth segments yellowish, third segment with two brown spots within yellow area near base. Apical portion of second segment of rostrum spotted. Tarsi brown. Wings lightly, but very definitely, and uniformly smoky in color, except for structures normally darker. Dor- sum of abdomen with four rows of small wax pore plates. Cornicle base exceedingly small, but what there is, is brown. Cauda and anal plate pale at the base. Head and thorax.—Length of antennal segments as follows: III .457 mm., IV .243 mm., V .27 mm., VI .1+.071 mm. Secondary sensoria distributed as follows: III ten, irregular in size, tuberculate, arranged in an irregular row, IV none to three, V none to one. Hair on third antennal segment not quite twice width of segment in length, the ratio being 5-3, set at an angle of about sixty degrees. Dorsum of head with many fine hair, which are slightly longer than the hair on the antennae. Ocular tubercles present but small. Lateral lobes of thorax with uniform distribution of hair, posterior intersegmental lobe also with hair. Radial sector slightly bowed. Media with two branches, second branch closer to margin of wing than to first. Surface of wings scale-like and rough. Hind tibiae 2.64 mm. in length. Hair on hind tibiae uniform on outer and inner margins, distinctly shorter than width of tibiae, rather coarse, numerous. First segment of hind tarsis with about twelve hairs, and about .114 mm. in length. Second segment of hind tarsis .343 mm. in length. Mesosternal tubercle absent. Rostrum most likely not extending beyond coxae of mesothorax, last three segments with the following lengths: .21, .157, .07 mm. Abdomen.—Cornicles with base very small, in places very narrow, and irregular in outline, measuring from .085— .11 mm. across. Base of cor- nicles in one case too narrow to be provided with hair and not much wider than rim. Dorsum of abdomen with numerous long fine sharp pointed hair. Transverse pigmented spot divided, posterior margins of spots with two irregular rows of hairs which are slightly thicker than those on dorsum of abdomen. Anal plate and cauda with numerous long fine hair. Holotype alate viviparous female, deposited in collection of E. O. Essig. Collected on Pinus, species not indicated, but we suspect pon- derosa. Mogollon Mts., New Mexico, June 23, 1947. A. T. McClay coll. This species is difficult to associate with its allies. A number of species have the cornicles somewhat similar, in some cases the pecies do not belong to the genus Cinara, the species that do, with the exception of C. oregonensis have Pseudotsuga for host, none of these appear to be as large as vagabunda. The host of C. oregonensis (Wilson) is Pinus contorta, a species of pine which we question extending into the region of the Mogollon Mts. of New Mexico. C. oregonensis is smaller, has shorter legs, shorter hair and a much longer rostrum. Our only specimen is alate, so Pseudotsuga can not be ruled out as the actual host, despite the fact that it was taken on Pinus. Prof. Palmer has recently described Cinara pseudotaxifoliae and these two species are quite similar, vaga- bunda differs from pseudotaxifoliae in having the second segment of the hind tarsae considerably longer, as well as the hind tibiae, and femora. 208 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington The hair on the lateral lobes, abdomen, and antennae of vagabunda are also slightly longer, while the hair on the hind tibiae are not quite so long. Cinara nigrita new species Alate viviparous female: This species is described from a single cleared mounted specimen, upon which we have neither information as to host, or color notes taken from life. Size and general color.—Head and thorax brown, with some regions darker than others. First and second antennal segments light brown, both segments with a considerable number of hair. Third antennal seg- ment yellowish at extreme base remainder of segment deep dusky brown. Remaining antennal segment deep dusky brown. Femora yellowish at base shading quickly to brown, the brown becoming more and more intense towards the apex. Tibiae almost uniform deep brown. Tarsi deep brown. Last three segments of rostrum dark brown, second seg- ment spotted near apex. Wings with surface uniformly deeply pig- mented with costal region, and stigma much darker. The veins are also bordered with darker pigment. Spiracles within large pigmented areas. Cornicles pale brown. Cauda and anal plate brown. Dorso-lateral regions of abdomen with two rows of small light brownish wax pore plates. Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following lengths: TIT 1.10 mm., IV .50 mm., V .60 mm., VI .24-+ .1 mm. Secondary sen- soria distributed as follows: III three to six, variable in size, but rather small, arranged in a straight row on apical half of segment. The primary sensorium on this segment is small, and not different from secondary ex- cept in position. Fourth antennal with three small secondary sensoria, on this secondary segment the primary sensorium is quite far removed from the apex, it may be questioned as a primary sensorium. Fifth antennal segment with two secondary sensoria and a normal primary sensorium. The primary sensorium on the sixth antennal segment is quite tuberculate. The hair near the base of the third antennal segment are quite short, they are also more numerous than those on other parts of this segment, remaining hair about as long as width of segment and set at an angle of about sixty degrees. The unguis of the sixth antennal segment is very long and finger-like, it has a secondary constriction near the apex. The ocular tubereles are very small, and the eyes are smaller than normal. The rostrum appears long enough to reach the end of the abdomen, the last three segments have the following lengths: .43, .39, .071 mm. The radial sector is slightly bowed. The media is twice branched on one wing and only once branched on the other. On the wing where the media is twice branched the second branch is closer to margin of wing than to the first branch. Media one and two are very close together. Hind tibiae 3.78 mm. long. Hair on hind tibiae nu- merous, set at an angle of about sixty degrees or more, about as long as width of tibiae. Hairs on inner apex somewhat bunched. First seg- ment of hind tarsis with about seventeen hairs, this segment is .11 mm. in length, second segment of hind tarsis .457 mm. in length, this seg- ment is attached to the first segment by a suture no longer than the width of the segment. Abdomen.—Abdomen with numerous sharp pointed, long hairs, which Hottes and Essig—Four New Species of Cinara 209 are considerably longer and finer than those located on the hind tibiae. Cornicles much longer than wide, the ratio of length to width being .O7-.28 mm. provided with many hairs. Transverse pigmented spot narrow, more or less irregular and fragmented, the wider portions with two rows of long hairs, these and the hair found on the cauda and anal plate are the longest hair on the body. Holotype alate viviparous female, deposited in the collection of E. O. Essig. Taken by O. Bryant, Santa Catalina Mts., Arizona, July 15, 1938. Lot 21. No host recorded on slide. We suspect that when addi- tional specimens of this species are collected that the host will be found to be Pinus ponderosa. We know of no near relative of this species, the peculiar deep pig- mented wings and the character and arrangement of the sensoria sepa- rate this species from all species of Cinara known to us. The possibility of this species not belonging to the genus Cinara was explored, but rejected. It very definitely does not belong to the genus Lachnus, the radial sector is not curved enough, and the fifth segment of the rostrum is not blunt, it is typical of Cinara. Cinara hirta new species Apterous viviparous female: Size and general color.—This species is described from five cleared specimens, color notes taken from living specimens are not available. Length from vertex to end of anal plate varying from 3.43-4.00 mm. Entire body brown with lateral portions of the abdomen much darker. First two antennal segments concolorous with head third segment yel- lowish with apical end slightly darker, fourth and fifth antennal seg- ments yellowish except for apical ends which are brown, sixth segment brown except for extreme base which is yellowish. Rostrum with last three segments dark brown, apex of second segment brown with a few spots anterior to this area. Femora yellow at base, shading to brown at apex. Tibiae deep brown at knees, followed by a yellowish area which shades to brown, and from brown to deep black at apex. Tarsi black. Head and thorax.—Antennal segments with the following lengths: III .57-.64 mm., IV .21-27 mm., V .24-.28 mm., VI .143-.171+ .057 mm. Both primary and secondary sensoria are absent on the third and fourth antennal segments. Fifth antennal segment with only a large primary sensorium. Unguis of sixth antennal segment sharp pointed. Antennal hair comparatively few in number, coarse, sharp pointed, slightly shorter than width of segment. Body hair most peculiar, originating from small tubercles, only slightly larger than base of hair, the hair are very numerous, in structure they are nail-like, the width being carried out almost to the end which terminates in a manner suggestive of a nail. At the sides of the body the hair are so thick, and overlap that they suggest fur. Hind tibiae varying from 2.28-2.50 mm. in length. Hair on hind tibiae varying from .057-.071 mm., thick, spine-like, rather drooping, a condition in some cases due to the fact that the hairs are bent somewhat near the base, less than one half width of tibiae in length. Hairs on outer margin of tibiae coarser and also less numerous than the hairs on the inner margin. First segment of hind tarsis .157 mm. in 210 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington length with about twenty hairs on the ventral surface of apical half of segment. Second segment of hind tarsis .429 mm. in length, the hairs on the dorsal surface of this segment are much coarser and also fewer than those on the ventral surface. Abdomen.—It is difficult to determine the extent of the cornicle base in this species, because the cornicles lie within the deeply pigmented area of the lateral surface, and are not differentiated from it by color. However since the cornicles are provided with two kinds of hair, a type characteristic of the body, but slightly longer, and many fine sharp pointed hair, one can by measuring the extent of the fine hair determine the size of the cornicle base, it is about .60 mm. The neck of the cor- nicles is quite restricted, while the rim is broad and flaring, with the edges somewhat turned down. The hair on the ventral surface of the abdomen is of normal type, and not as numerous as that found on the dorsum, appertntly it occurs in three lengths, the longest being about three times the length of the shortest. The transverse pigmented spot is divided, the spots being rather narraw, and provided with a row of long nail-pointed hairs. Cauda and anal plate with long fine sharp pointed hair. Holotype, apterous viviparous female, deposited in the collection of E. O. Essig. Taken at Tucson, Arizona, April 20, 1931, host not men- tioned, most likely Pinus sp. O. Bryant coll. The hair on the body of this species make it unique within the family, we are aware of no near allies, within the genus. One specimen, which we have made a paratype, was taken by beating, at Cloudcroft, New Mexico, alttitude 9,000 ft. June 21, 1947, by A. T. McClay. This specimen differs slightly from the Tucson material, in having thicker and slightly shorter body hair, hair on tibiae less droopy, and longer legs. Rettes and Essig New Species of Cinara Co. { { AC ee i Sw /\ CO EY KON OH AAT Jeto PERE g): 50 ip MASE IY fits EFS (SEK "Se HAIN 4g 10 x 67 [ ~~~es- - 4 Hd. Ta. 15 Cpectinatae #7 , Cinara alaora Alate , Viv. 1.05 Sen. 3-6 NY Body Hairs DT, Cinara nigrite of, Body Hairs Cinara hirte PL4aTE XI y ‘ uss ‘ Rite 6 tye ¢ i wan ~ as 1, babe” , , ne ‘a —- S. 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Vol. 66. pp. 211-224 December 8, 1953 PROCEEDINGS RFORNS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SRA RY 4 ; Bi) om \F (HEMIPTERA) XY Loe my OF dee NA By CarL J. DRAKE, Ames, Iowa Pages ee Sd se The new species and genus of lacebugs described herein are from many widely separated regions of the Eastern Hemi- sphere. For the loan of many specimens I am greatly in- debted to Dr. W. E. China of the British Museum of Natural History London and to Dr. R. E. Sailer of the United States National Museum. Some records are also from my private collection. The types have been deposited as indicated be- neath the description of each new species. The units of mea- surement employed in the descriptions can be converted into millimeters by dividing by 80. Monanthia pongana, n. sp. Short, broad, ovate, grayish testaceous with some veinlets brown to fuscous. Head black with four or five, short, brown spines. Outer margins of elytra beset with pale spinules, also a row on each side of pronotum. Antennae very short, brownish with third segment testa- ceous and subclavate, beset with numerous, very long, pale, stiff, bristly hairs, measurements—I, 6; II, 5; III, 26 IV, 11. Bucculae areolate, contiguous in front. Rostral laminae foliaceous, pale testaceous, areolate, open behind; rostrum infusecate, reaching to metasternum. Legs quite short, brownish with tibiae becoming paler apically and the tarsi blackish, also beset with long, stiff, pale bristly hairs like antennae. Orifice not visible. Hypocostal laminae uniseriate, the areolate moder- ately large and rounded. Pronotum broad, considerably swollen across humeral angles, im- pressed a little on each side behind humeral angles; paranota very large, completely reflexed with outer margins resting against the median carina, thus leaving only a small triangular part of collar and scarcely more than half of hind triangular process uncovered; hind process slightly elevated near the apex; median earinae sharply raised, long; lateral carinae very short, obliquely turned inwardly, sometimes not very plainly visible. Elytra very broad, widest near basal fourth, then slowly rounded narrowed posteriorly; costal area wide, triseriate on basal part, then biseriate, the areolae moderately large and arranged in irregular rows; discoidal area large, extending beyond middle of elytra, broadly deeply and coneavely expanded beyond middle into subcostal area, there widest and around eight cells deep, obtusely angulate at apex; subcostal area narrowest at point bordering lateral expansion of discoidal, there three cells deep, six or seven cells deep behind dis- 30—Proc. Bion. Soc. WAsH., Vou. 66, 1953 (211) 212 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington eoidal area; subcostal area with cells larger in apical three-fourths Both elytra and wings very little longer than abdomen. Length, 2.25 mm.; width, 1.25 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), Okahandja, Africa, Jan. 20-26, 1928, R. E. Turner, British Museum. Paratypes: 4 specimens, same data as type. Separated at one from its congeners by form of body and the long bristly spinules on appendages. The species is a little atypical of the genus Monanthia. Physatocheila weenenana, n. sp. Moderately large, grayish white with head and pronotum brown; elytra with some veinlets( not in costal area) variegated with brown or fuscous; body beneath dark brown or fuscous; dorsal surface (especially pronotum) more or less lightly covered with a white waxy secretion. Rostrum brown with tip blackish, reaching beyond middle of mesosternum. Legs yellowish brown with tips of tarsi blackish. Head with five pale testaceous spines; antennae dark brown with fourth seg- ment mostly black, measurements—I, 17; II, 11; III, 84; IV, 38. Orifice distinct. Hypocostal laminae uniseriate. Pronotum moderately convex, coarsely pitted, areolate behind, tricari- nate, carinae thick, each composed of one row of small areolae; lateral carinae long, constricted a little back of the middle, scarcely more sepa- rated in front than behind; hood rather small, inflated, not produced in front, narrowed posteriorly. Paranota moderately wide, totally re- flexed, a little wider than in front, not reaching to lateral carinae, four areolae deep behind; then decreasing to three and to two in front. Elytra widest in front of middle, overlapping and jointly rounded be- hind; costal area biseriate, the areolae moderately large, almos’) quad- rate and arranged in very regular rows; subcostal area slightly wider, mostly triseriate, the areolate smaller; discoidal area extending a little beyond middle of elytra, narrowed at both ends, widest near middle, there four or five areolae deep in male and five or six in female; sutural area large, with areolae a little larger than in discoidal. Length, 3.15 mm.; width, 1.20-1.50 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), taken in coitu, both mounted on same rectangular card, Weenen, Natal, Africa, April 2, 1929, H. P. Thomasset, in British Buseum. Paratypes: 2 specimens taken with type and one from Kenya, Cape Colony, April 27, 1914. Separated from its African congeners by color, shape of paranota and reticulations of costal area. It is most closely allied to the new species described below. Physatochelia katbergana, n. sp. Large, brown with hood (save median vein), anterior part of prono- tum, most of discoidal area and costal area testaceous or testaceous with brownish tinge. Legs brown. Body beneath dark brown. Bucculae brown, broad, areolate, closed in front. Rostrum reaching to middle of mesosternum; laminae broad, whitish testaceous, open behind, uniseriate, Drake—New Genus and Species of Tingidae 213 the areolae large. Orifice with prominent canal. Hypocostal laminae testaceous, uniseriate. Antennae brown with most of terminal segment black, measurements—I, 18; II, 10; III, 80; IV, 36. Pronotum moderately convex, coarsely pitted, areolae behind, tricari- nate, each carina uniseriate, the areolae small; lateral carinae feebly converging anteriorly. Hood rather large, inflated, widest in front, not produced in front of collar. Paranota completely reflexed with outer margin very slowly rounded, not touching lateral carinae, five areolae deep at humeral angles, then slowly narrowed and decreasing to two in front. Elytra widest in front of middle, overlapping and jointly rounded behind; costal area moderately wide, biseriate, the areolae moderately large and regularly arranged; subcostal area wider, triseriate, the areolae smaller; discoidal area large, extending beyond middle of elytra, narrowed at both ends, with outer marginal vein a little sinuate, widest beyond middle, there six to eight areolae deep; sutural area large, with clear areolae. Length, 3.90 mm.; width, 1.32-1.55 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), Katberg, Cape Province, Africa, Jan.-March, 1933, Elevation, 4,000 ft., R. E. Turner, British Museum. Paratype: 1 specimen, same locality as type, Feb., 1933. Easily distinguished from P. weenenana, n. sp. by the larger size, brownish color and larger and more inflated hood. Plerochila zululandana, n. sp. Elongate, brownish, the collar, paranota and costal area brownish testaceous. Head with four or five short testaceous spines. Antennae very long, shortly pilose, brown with last segment mostly black, mea- surements—I, 27; II, 13, ITI, 124; IV, 25. Eyes large, black. Rostrum reaching between intermediate coxae. Orifice distinct. Pronotum moderately convex, coarsely punctuate, areolate behind, truncate in front, tricarinate; lateral carinae short, very low, visible on hind triangular part, converging a little anteriorly; collar raised, areolate; paranota broad, completely reflexed, with outer margins rounded and separated a little distance from median carina, six areolae deep in widest part, the areolae moderately large. Elytra with outer margins subparallel, slightly constricted beyond the middle; costal area narrow, a little reflexed on basal half, mostly biseriate, the areolae small and rounded or ovate in shape; subcostal area wider, biseriate, cells a little larger; discoidal area extending beyond the middle of elytra, with outer boundary vein a little sinuate, narrowed at both ends, widest at middle, there five areolae deep; sutural area large, with areolae becoming a little larger apically. Length, 4.00 mm.; width, 1.12 mm. Type (male), Eshowe, Zululand, April, 1-22, 1926, R. E. Turner, British Museum. Paratypes: two specimens, both badly broken, same locality as type. Easily separated from P. australis (Distant) and P. horvathi (Schou- teden) by the longer antennae, much wider paranota and biseriate costal area. 214 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Cochlochila boxiana, n. sp. Head very short, black, with a short, median, brown spine. Antennae long, slender, testaceous with fourth segment almost wholly black; measurements—I, 9; II, 6; III, 85; IV, 26. Legs slender, testaceous with tarsi brownish, the hind femora with a broad subapical, black band. Bucculae black, areolate, closed in front. Rostrum rather short, reaching middle of mesosternum; channel narrowed on mesosternum, much wider and cordate on metasternum. Orifice not visible. Hypocostal laminae uniseriate, the areolate moderately large. Entire body beneath black, slightly shining. Pronotum (save anterior part of collar and about half of hind trian- gular process) entirely or almost entirely concealed from dorsal aspect by the completely reflexed, semiglobose, paranota which meet within over median carina; paranota with veinlets and areolae black-fuscous, some areolae on the sides beneath a little paler, longer than high. Elytra with veinlets (save outer margins between cross veinlets) and most of areolae of sutural area black-fuscous, with outer boundary vein of discoidal area and adjoining part of subcostal area jointly raised so as to form a moderately large tumid elevation, apical part of dis- coidal area strongly concave within and projecting over the raised part of subcostal area, there discoidal widest and four areolae deep; costal area uniseriate, the areolae fairly large and clear; subcostal area mostly biseriate. Length, 2.70 mm.; width, 1.20 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), Tafo, Gold Coast, Africa, taken on Hostundia oppositifolia, H. E. Box, British Museum. Paratypes: 1 male, taken with type; 3 specimens, Kampala, Uganda, Sept. 11, 1930, H. Hargreaves, also on Hostundia. This species and the new one described below ean be distingrished from the other members of Cochlochila by the outer margins of the two strongly developed and inflated paranota, which meet within on a straight line above the median carina. Cochlochila bukobana, n. sp. Large, grayish testaceous with some veinlets infuscate, the apical part of elytra, median part of sutural area and rounded crest of paranota with cells and veinlets infuscate. Head black, with five testaceous spines. Antennae testaceous with terminal segment mostly infuscate, measure- ments—I, 11; II, 9; III, 80; IV, 32. Legs slender, testaceous with tarsi blackish. Bucculae infuscate margined with testaceous, closed in front. Rostrum testaceous with apex black, terminating on mesoster- num; laminae parallel on mesosternum, much more widely separated and cordate on metasternum. Orifice indistinct. Pronotum mostly concealed by the large, strongly inflated and strong- ly reflexed paranota, which have the outer margins a little turned down and then meet within a little above the median carina; paranota with a rounded crest, impressed just back of humeral angle, practically twice as long as high; median carina with dorsal edge visible on disc, lower on hind triangular part; lateral carinae concealed save on hind part, there strongly divergent posteriorly. Collar testaceous, raised at middle so as to form a small inflated hood, not concealed by paranota. Elytra Drake—New Genus and Species of Tingidae 215 moderately constricted behind middle; discoidal area not quite reaching middle of elytra, with outer boundary vein distinctly elevated apically and then angulately projecting deeply into subcostal, there widest and three areolae deep in the angle, subangulate behind; subcostal area biseriate in basal part, triseriate behind angulate tumid elevation, then uniseriate apically; costal area uniseriate, the areolae large and hyaline. Lenth, 3.30 mm.; width, 1.36 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), Bugombe, north of Bukoba, Lake Victoria, Tanganyika Territory, Africa, April, 1913, Dr. Troitzkij, Drake Collection. The exposed collar and hood and especially the less elevated paronata separates this insect from C. boxiana, n. sp. Ischnotingis yanchepana, n. sp. Small, slender, testaceous with collar, apex of triangular part of pronotum, most of sutural and part of discoidal area brown, or entirely brown. Antennae moderately slender, brown with fourth segment mostly black, measurements—I, 8; II, 12; III, 65; IV, 23. Legs brown with tarsi blackish. Rostrum reaching very little beyond prosternum; Laminae whitish, areolate, constricted on apical part of mesonotum, more widely separated on metasternum. Orifice visible, rather difficult to see. Hypo- costal laminae uniseriate. Body beneath brown. Antenniferous tubercles thick, curved inwardly. Pronotum distinctly convex across humeral angles, closely punctuate, areolate behind, tricarinate, carinae non-areolate, the lateral less raised and slowly divergent anteriorly; collar long, truncate in front, with three transverse rows of cells; paranota very narrow, carina-like, without areolae, slightly wider adjacent to calli. Elytra a little longer than abdomen, considerably narrowed on apical third, there almost completely overlapping; costal area very narrow, ridge-like; sutural area biseriate, the areolae small; discoidal area extending beyond middle of elytra, narrowed at both ends, widest slightly beyond middle, there six cells deep; sutural area quite large, with cells a little larger. Length, 3.25 mm.; width, 0.86 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), Yanchep, 32 miles north of Perth, Dee. 20-31, 1935, West Australia, R. E. Turner, British Museum. Para- types: 3 specimens, taken with type and 6 specimens, Mundaring Weir, Feb. 19-23, 1936, R. E. Turner. Allied to I. prolixa Horvath, but longer, slenderer, differently colored, paranota wider adjacent to calli, and the orifice distinct. Haedus otiosus, n. sp. Head black, with five long testaceous spines, the hind pair longest and gently curved downward. Antennae long, slender, pale testaceous with fourth segment mostly black, measurements—I, 8; II, 5; III, 78; IV, 20 Legs long, slender, pale testaceous with tips of tarsi embrowned. Bue- culae dark fuscous, biseriate, with ends meeting in front. Orifice indis- tinct. Hypocostal laminae uniseriate. Antenniferous tubrecles long, spiniform with blunt apex, with inner margin a little concave. Rostrum extending between middle coxae. Hypocostal laminae uniseriate. Body beneath dark fuscous. p Pronotum dark fuscous, punctate, areolate behind, tricarinate, each 216 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington carina uniseriate; lateral carinae slowly divergent anteriorly, less ele- vated and with smaller areolae than median; paranota moderately wide, very little reflexed, biseriate in front, uniseriate behind, without anterior spine, veinlets mostly testaceous, areolae hyaline. Elytra con- | stricted beyond the middle, with apical part widened and dark fuscous, widest near apex; costal area moderately wide, a little reflexed on basal half, mostly biseriate (one cell wide in two or three places), with outer vein mostly testaceous and cross veins partly infuscate; subcostal area mostly uniseriate, biseriate at tumid elevation; discoidal area elongate, extending beyond middle of elytra, with apex raised, with outer boun- dary vein rather longly elevated (peak just beyond middle), three cells wide in widest part; sutural, discoidal and subcostal areas dark fuscous. Pubescence very short and pale. Outer margins of elytra and paranota finely serrate. Length, 2.52 mm.; width, 0.82 mm. ‘ Type (female), N’Dola, Northern Rhodesia, Africa, Drake Collection. Distinguishable from other African members of the genus by the more strongly constricted elytra, nearly smooth outer margins of para- nota and elytra and small size. The vein separating subcostal and dis- coidal areas is also much more longly and highly elevated. Haedus polulus, n. sp. Slender, dark fuscous with paranota, carinae and most of costal area of elytra (transverse veinlets largely infuscate) whitish testaceous. Legs long, slender, testaceous. Antennae long, very slender, testaceous, shortly pilose, measurements—I, 6; II, 4; III, 86; IV, 30. Antemi- ferrous tubercles long, fuscous, blunt at tip. Rostrum testaceous with apex embrowned, barely reaching to metasternum; laminae, strongly foliaceous, whitish testaceous, areolate, open behind. Bucculae long, pale testaceous, closed in front. Body beneath black-fuscous, with pub- bescent hairs curled and whitish. Hypocostal ridge uniseriate. Pronotom a little convex, clothed with whitish decumbent pubescence, tricarinate; carinae high, each composed of one row of fairly large cells; median carina scarcely more elevated than lateral, projecting a little angulately in front, the lateral carinae parallel. Paranota moder- ately wide, a little reflexed, biseriate in front, uniseriate behind, the areolate smaller than in carinae. Margins of paranota, elytra and carinae beset with very short, pale, decumbent pubescence. Elytra broadly con- stricted beyond the middle, with the widened apical part as well as sub- costal, discoidal and sutural areas dark fuscous; costal area entirely uniseriate, the areolate fairly large, clear and mostly rectangular; sub- costal area narrow, mostly uniseriate, with a couple extra cells in widest part; discoidal area elongate, extending a little beyond middle of elytra, three cells deep in widest part, with pubescence on boundary veins longer than on veinlets, the outer marginal vein with a short arch just beyond the middle, also the apex raised and darkened; sutural area with larger cells. Length, 2.75 mm.; width, 0.62 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), Bambey, Senegal, June 6, 1945, British Museum. Paratypes: 3 specimens, same data as type. H. vil- Drake—New Genus and Species of Tingidae 217 liersi Drake from Senegal is longer with longer appendages; the para- nota and costal area are wider and largely biseriate. Sanazarius biseriatus, n. sp. Small, ovate (brachypterous) or oblong (macropterous), testaceous with some veinlets infuscate, rather densely clothed (especially pronotal structures) with moderately long whitish hairs. Head dark, with short testaceous spines. Rostrum dark fuscous, almost reaching end of chan- nel; laminae parallel, open behind, reticulate. Bucculae long, areolate, closed in front. Antennae slender, longly pilose, brownish testaceous with fourth segment mosty black, measurements—I, 13; II, 9; III, 70; IV, 28. Body beneath dark reddish brown, clothed with whitish hairs. Hypocostal laminae uniseriate, the areolae fairly large. Orifice distinct. Pronotum brown with apical projection mostly testaceous, tricarinate; carinae foliaceous, quite hairy, each composed of one row of fairly large areolate, the lateral pair constricted near the middle. Hood fairly large, flattened on the sides, with crest almost above front margin, then sloping downward posteriorly; paranota wide, reflexed obliquely upward, with front and hind margins slowly roundly narrowed out- wardly so as to form a rather narrow and rounded outer margin. Elytra ovate (brachypterous), with apices rounded in repose, or apices (macropterous) broad; costal area wide, biseriate, with large clear areolae, save in transverse bands more or less infuscate; subcostal area narrower, biseriate, the areolae fairly large and about the same size as in discoidal; discoidal area extending beyond middle of elytra, nar- rowed at both ends, widest near middle, there three cells deep; sutural area large, the cells becoming larger apically. Wings smoky, longer than abdomen. Length, 2.75-3.00 mm.; width, 1.40-1.75 mm. Type (brachypterous male) and allotype (brachypterous female), Cape Province, Swellendam, Nov., 1933. R. E. Turner, British Museum. Paratypes: 4 specimens, same data as type; 1 example, George, 1920; 1 specimen, Katberg, elevation, 4,0000 feet; and 1 specimen, Ceres, all from Cape Province, Africa; and taken by R. E. Turner. Easily separated from S. productus Distant by the much wider paranota with narrower and rounded outer margins and the entirely biseriate costal area. Paracopium comantis, n. sp. Fuscous-brown with head and antennae black; femora and tip of tarsi dark fuscous, the tibiae and base of tarsi brown; costal area with some veinlets testaceous; areolae of costal area and paranota hyaline. Body beneath dark brown. Antennae moderately stout; segments III and IV clothed with numerous, fine, long, erect dark hairs; III slightly enlarged towards the apex; IV scarcely thicker than the apex of III; measure- ments—I, 21; II, 18; III, 80; V, 72. Buceulae closed in front. Hypo- costal ridge uniseriate. Orifice distinct. Pronotum moderately convex, coarsely punctuate, areolae behind, tricarinate, the areolae very small; paranota uniseriate (one or two extra small cells opposite calli), the areolae rather large; collar raised, with three transverse rows of small areolae. Elytra feebly constricted 218 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington beyond the middle, with sides nearly parallel; costal area composed of one row of large areolae (a few extra small cells in widest part), with transverse veinlets mostly infuscate and thick; subcostal area much wider, triseriate; discoidal area two-thirds as long as elytra, seven areolae deep in widest part at middle; sutural area, large, with veinlets mostly infusecate. Length, 4.50 mm.; width, 1.60 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), West Almora, United Province, India, H. G. Champion, British Museum. Paratype: 1 example, same locality as type. Separated at once from other species of the genus in the Orient by the longly hairy antennae. Paracopium hirsutum, n. sp. Testaceous with pronotum (save triangular part) testaceous and some veinlets infuscate; legs brown; head brownish with spines mostly testaceous. Antennae long, rather stout, black with first two basal seg- ments partly brownish, clothed with numerous long, fine, pale hairs; second segment gradually enlarged apically, widest at apex; IV not as thick as apex of III; measurements—I, 25; II, 15; III, 120; IV, 65. Body beneath brown. Bucculae closed in front. Hypocostal laminae uniseriate. Pronotum distinctly convex humeral angles, closely punctuate, areolate behind, tricarinate; carinae rather thin, uniseriate, with very small areolae, the lateral carinae concave within on disc; paranota rather narrow, mostly uniseriate opposite calli and hood, the areolae small. Elytra considerably constricted beyond middle, widest just in front of middle; costal area biseriate, with several cross veinlets in front of middle brown or fuscous so as to form an indistinct band, biseriate, with areolae clear and not uniform in size or arranged in regular rows, the inner row composed of smaller cells; subcostal area wider, with four rows of smaller cells which are uniform in size and arrangement; discoidal area large, narrowed at both ends, extending a little beyond middle of elytra, widest behind middle, there seven areolae deep; sutural area with cells a little larger. Length, 4.00 mm.; width, 1.60 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), Perinet, Analamaster, Mada- gascar, Feb., 1932, in Drake Collection. Separated from P. histricorne Bergroth (only other African species with longly hairy antennae) by the longer and less densely hairy an- tennae, more convex pronotum and irregularly arranged rows of areolae in costal area. In histricorne the antennal hairs are denser, thicker and tend to form small clusters; the areolae of costal areas are equal in size and uniformly arranged in two rows. Belenus colentis, n. sp. Moderately large, testaceous with veinless variegated with brown and dark fuscous; pronotum brown-fuseous with apical part and carinae more testaceous; legs and antennae brown; margins of elytra, para- nota and carinae clothed with moderately long pale hairs; pronotum and elytra with finer but not as numerous pale hairs. Margins of elytra Drake—New Genus and Species of Tingidae 219 and paranota undulate, with a sharp spine or enlarged point at the crest of the short waves. Antennae moderately long, rather stout, moderately elothed with rather long hairs, measurements—I, 21; II, 11; III, 76; IV, 30. Legs clothed with pale hairs. Rostrum brown with darkened apex, barely reaching to metasternum; laminae meeting behind. Body beneath brown, clothed with pale hairs. Bucculae long, closed in front. Orifice with long narrow channel. Hypocostal laminae uniseriate. Pronotum moderately convex, coarsely punctuate, tricarinate, the carinae raised, with small areolae; lateral carinae termining anteriorly a short distance behind hood, scarcely as high as median, feebly convex within in front. Hood not very large, terminating dorsally in a small knoblike crest just in front of middle. Paranota moderately large, slightly reflexed, projecting anteriorly subangulately in front, strongly narrowed from middle posteriorly, with anterior margin concave, with antero-lateral margin extending as far forward as base of antennae, widest in anterior half, there four areolae deep, then slowly narrowed to one cell behind, with a stout spine at antero-lateral angle, the next two or three short waves separated at crest by short spines. Head dark brown, armed with five, stout, long, blunt, testaceous, nearly erect spines. Elytra rectangular in outline; costal area wide, triseriate in front and quadriseriate in widest part, the areolae moderately large and not arranged in very regular rows; subcostal area mostly biseriate; discoidal area large, nearly three-fourths as long as elytra, with outer marginal vein only slightly sinuate, narrowed at both ends, widest near middle, there five cells deep; sutural area with large cells; areolae clear, with- out color markings. Entire body slightly coated with white waxy exudation. Length, 4.25 mm.; width, 2.30 mm. Type (male), Queenstown, Cape Providence, South Africa, 1923, R. E. Turner, British Museum. The short antennae, shape of paranota and the undulate outer margins of paranota and elytra separate this insect from other members of the genus. Lasiacanthia turneri, n. sp. Head brown, armed with five, long, slender, testaceous spines. An- tennae rather short, brownish with first two segments darker, beset with long, stiff, setigerous hairs, measurements—I, 11; II, 11; III, 55; IV, 24. Rostrum barely reaching base of mesosternum. Orifice present. Bucculae contiguous in front. Body beneath dark brown, with thick whitish pubescence. Legs dark brown, clothed with thick, decumbent, whitish pubescence and some long stiff hairs. Pronotum brown, moderately convex, punctuate, testaceous and areo- late behind, densely clothed with semierect pale brownish hairs, tricari- nate; median carina more strongly elevated, about one-half higher than lateral, slightly arched a little back of hood, composed of high rectan- gular areolae, with a few cells divided in front; lateral carinae long, constricted a little behind disc, with large rectangular cells, mostly much higher than long; hood moderately high, strongly compressed laterally, projecting anteriorly over basal part of head, arched above with front margin rather sharply declivous; paranota moderately large, reflexed 220 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington obliquely upward, with fore and hind margins slowly narrowly rounded and thus jointly rounded with outer margin, widest just in front of humeri, there five cells deep. Exterior margins of paranota and elytra beset with numerous small spines. Upper margins of carinae and boundary vein of discoidal area beset with spinulae. Elytra testaceous with transverse band in front of middle and apical part of costal area and most of sutural area (save a few clear eells) dark brown or fuscous; hairy vestiture not as dense as on pronotum; costal area rather wide, biseriate (save a couple extra cells in widest part), the areolae fairly large and clear in testaceous area; subcostal area triseriate, the areolae smaller than in costal; discoidal area elon- gate, concavely impressed, slightly more than half the length of elytra, four or five areolae deep in widest part; sutural area with larger areolae and mostly infuscate. Hypocostal laminae uniseriate. Type (male) and allotype (female), Okahandja, South West Africa, Feb., 1928, R. E. Turner, British Museum. Paratype: 1 specimen, same data as type. Separated from its African congeners by the smaller size and strue- ture of paranota and costal area. The tlytra are very little constricted beyond the middle and thus not much narrowed apically. Lasiacanthia comantis, n. sp. Elongate, brownish with a narrow oblique band in front of middle of costal area, a small spot beyond the middle on outer boundary vein of discoidal, apex of costal and most of sutural areas dark fuscous; entire dorsal surface densely clothed with pale decumbent hairs; outer margins of paranota and elytra, dorsal edge of carimae and boundary vein of discoidal area with some erect, slender spinulae. Head with five slender moderately long, testaceous spines. Antennae very short, clothed with short hairs and long stiff bristly hairs; measurements, I, 15; II, 15; ITI, 34; IV, 28. Rostrum extending beyond middle of mesosternum. Buceulae broad, areolate, contiguous in front. Orifice distinct. Body beneath brown, clothed with thick whitish pubescence. Hypocostal laminae uniseriate. Pronotum moderately convex, punctate, tricarinate; carinae folia- ceous, almost equally elevated, each higher and biseriate on discal part of pronotum, then uniseriate in front and behind with areolae higher than long. Paranota long, moderately wide along its entire length, reflexed with apical part turned back so as to form a deep longitudinal furrow on middle of outer (under) surface, four cells deep in widest part at middle. Hood produced slightly over basal part of head, com- pressed laterally, rather long, twice as long as high, sharply declivent in front, slowly longly declining posteriorly, highest a little behind front margin. Elytra widest near middle, moderately constricted beyond _ middle, then very little widened apically; costal area moderately wide, mostly or entirely, biseriate, the cells variable in size and not arranged in regular rows; subcostal area triseriate, the areolae moderately large; discoidal area elongate, two thirds as long as elytra, five areolae deep at the middle; sutural area with larger areolae and considerably clouded with fuscus. Wings dark fuseous. Legs brown, rather short, beset with stiff bristly hairs. Drake—New Genus and Species of Tingidae 221 Length, 4.15 mm.; width, 1.60 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), Bambey, Senegal, Africa, J. Risbec, British Museum. Paratypes: 2 specimens, same locality as type. The long low hood, very long pronotum, and long and practically equally elevated carinae separate this species from its African compo- nents. The antennae are short as in L. sideris Drake, but hood, paranota and elytra are quite differently shaped in the two species. Hegesidemus otiosus, n. sp. Head black, with five short brownish or testaceous spines. Antennae slender, shortly pilose, testaceous with the first two segments brown and last segment mostly black, or brown with last black; segment I a little larger than II; measurements— I, 14; II, 11; III, 110; IV, 32. Rostrum brown, the apex extending a little beyond mesosternum; laminae whitish testaceous, uniseriate, open behind. Orifice distinct, with promi- nent channel. Bucculae long, areolate, contiguous in front. Hypocostal ridge uniseriate, with small areolae. Legs slender, testaceous to brown. Pronotum brown to brown-fuscous, moderately convex, closely deeply pited, tricarinate; carinae distinct, without areolae, the lateral slightly converging posteriorly; hood small, not produced in front, a little fla- tened on top; calli black; paranota narrow, pale testaceous, narrower and indistinctly areolate behind, wider and biseriate in front. Elytra moderately broad, with apices overlapping and jointly rounded behind; costal area wide, bi-triseriate, mostly triseriate, pale testaceous, with or without a transverse fuscous band in front of middle, the rest of the elytra brown to fuscous-brown, the areolae moderately large, clear save in band; subcostal area rather wide, with small areolae, with four rows of cells in male and fiye or six in female; discoidal area long, about three-fourths as long as elytra, with outer boundary vein nearly straight, with small rounded areolae, scarcely smaller than in subcostal area, widest near middle, there six cells deep in male and eight or nine in female; narrowed at both base and apex; sutural are large, areolae becoming larger apically, with cells and veinlets infuscate. Wings a little longer than abdomen. Length, 3.85 mm.; width, 1:50-1.75 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), both mounted on same rectan- gular ecard, Nilgiri Hills, South India, T. V. Campbell, in British Mu- seum. Paratypes: several specimens, same data as type. Differentiated from H. eliyamus Distant by the narrower paranota, smaller hood and wider costal area. Pogonostyla, n. genus Head short, with five spines; bucculae closed in front; osteolar canal present. Antennae long, slender, densely longly pilose; segment I two or more times as long as II; III slender, very long; IV searcely enlarged, moderately long. Pronotum, head, carinae and the outer margins of paranota and elytra clothed with fine hairs. Pronotum moderately convex, punctuate, tricarinate; collar a little raised, without distinct hood, areolate; paranota moderately wide, slightly reflexed, projecting as a whole obliquely anteriorly. Elytra much longer than the abdomen, 222 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington with apices separated, divided into the usual areas. Entire dorsal sur- face more or less densely hairy. Type of genus, Pogonostyla intonsa, n. sp. Allied to the genus Leptopharsa Stal, but distinguished from it by the long spine-like anteniferous tubercles, longly hairy antennae and hairy dorsal surface. Leptostyla natalicola Distant from South Africa also belongs to this genus (new combination). Pogonostyla intonsa, n. sp. Head brown, beset with fairly long, stout, hairy spines; antenniferous tubercles spiniform, not quite half as long as the first antennal segment. Antennae very iong, slender, densely clothed with very long pale hairs, each hair as long or longer than the second antennal segment; measure- ments—I, 26; II, 12; III, 160; IV, 60. Rostrum reaching to middle of mesosternum. Legs long, slender, clothed with short, pale, decum- bent, pubescent hairs. Body beneath dark fuscous. Pronotum brown, coarsely punctate, moderately convex, very densely clothed (including carinae and veinless of hood and paranota) with short, pale, decumbent hairs; carinae sharply raised, with one row of very small areolae; median carina slightly more elevated. Paranota rather wide, slightly reflexed, moderately long, projecting a little an- teriorly, the outer and posterior two rows of cells clouded with dark fuscous. Elytra strongly constricted beyond middle, widest just before the apex, diverging apically with apices separated; costal area wide, mostly triseriate, quadriseriate in widest part, the areolae large and hyaline; subcostal area brown, narrow, mostly triseriate, the areolae small; discordial area long, narrow, about two-thirds as long as elytra, mostly quadriseriate, with veinlets infuscate beyond middle, the raised apex and elevated point beyond middle of outer boundary vein black; sutural area rather small, brown with a few apical cells clear; exterior margins of elytra and paranota finely serrate and hairy. Length, 4.25 mm.; width (at apex of pronotum), 1.60 mm. Type (male) and allotype (female), Verulan, Natal, South Africa, July 3, 1897, British Museum. Paratypes: 11 specimens, taken with type. Separated from P. natalicola (Distant) by the shorter third antennal segment (160:185), not so densely hairy dorsal surface, darker sutural area and especially the more deeply constricted elytra beyond the middle. Nesocypselas inannana, n. sp. Pronotum very little convex, indistinctly punctate, black-fuscous with apex testaceous and areolate; median carina barely distinct in front, then mostly obsolete posteriorly; lateral carinae absent. Paranota inordinately large, high, extremely longly produced anteriorly, semi- globose with the sides compressed laterally, almost completely, deflated, flattened with the two sides nearly in contact with each other, with anterior third (from near the anterior margins of the eyes) curved backward so that the lower edges rest on the outer part of the pro- notal surface, very litle produced behind, the entire pronotal structure as described above then reflexed obliquely upright, five or six cells deep Drake—New Genus and Species of Tingidae 223 on each of the two sides, with veinlets embrowned and areolae a little clouded. Head black; first two antennal segments testaceous, others wanting. Legs slender, testaceous. Orifice small, distinct. Hypocostal laminae uniseriate. Rostrum testaceous, scarcely reaching to middle coxae. Bueculae infuscate with exterior margins testaceous. Body beneath smooth, blackish fuscous. Elytra very wide, considerably longer than abdomen, slowly but broadly widened near base, with apices broadly rounded and separated, with veinlets testaceous and clear in basal three- fifths, with veinlets infuscate and cells a little clouded in apical two- fifths, outer margin slowly gently rounded; costal area very wide seven or eight cells deep in widest part; subcostal area composed of one row of large rectangular areolae, the areolae nearly upright and many twice as wide as long; discoidal area short, not nearly attaining middle of elytra, with the outer boundary vein raised almost its entire length, with entire surface sloping inwardly, biseriate, the cells large; sutural area large, with cells scarcely larger than in costal area. Wings greatly reduced. Length, 4.00 mm.; width, 2.70 mm. Type (female) Espiritu Santo, New Hebrides, U. S. National Mu- seum. Paratype: 1 female, taken with type. Very different and readily separated from its congeners. The develop- ment of the pronotum, and elytral areas are quite typically formed. However, the extremely longly produced anterior end of the paranota and other singular modifications of this structure tend to make inannana, n. sp. somewhat atypical of the genus Nesocypselas Kirkaldy. 4 ; ’ 5 r% he ~ ithe 4 ets , Ji » j an At wn / LBM PULL 4 ray ‘ Je ys a. res ue i q ita 1 ‘ ss ' Lt hy) ie : } f re i ; eNO fh f iv f ‘ ro (Maes e6dct es * ry) “y Va ch een % die vt ‘ #, ‘ i ut! ‘a 4 ol ie . oye Pay . (Ww PY lh oe at , ‘ : ? fF . A i Wt tA u a 4 $ 2 rf i \ 2 >, 1 y ' Beak P ‘ L , at aed : ee * ae Fe i _ > fi a = My ve i," + sy i ite, ; , 5, Lea et ‘ rr w é * i? ‘ y iba (a ). ch 4 “— 4 : vA ’ ‘~ ; hed < rT = t i’ 4 . ‘ 1 ~ ew iP. q ‘ , i ; 14 nip 4 wee ; f i i LA a. “Fase on Ma egal bis? yilib ie “a ' ‘ : {e4 iat y . x 5 7? ‘ ; - ; ) i t . Mew aS : ip Pe ‘ N , 4 m ; Abbott, R. T. INES CONOCOIOF 206 Sterna acapulcana, Rhagovelia _. Aglaophenia ; : is, Anthemis arvensis oidera’ Pinus Verbascum blat- Pachyramphus albo-gularis, Otus a. Aloysii-Sabaudiae, altissima, Solidago ., americana, Cinara “ amethysticollis, amethysticollis Anthemis arvensis var. ag- tus anulatum, Dyseviulisoma 77 cularis anulatus, Wubidesmus anus, Distorsio INDEX New names are printed in heavy type. earn, Cinara:2 0 < (eos 169 aprei, ‘Cigara an. Ase 168 and Mian apopkana, Plea _.._...._ 59 through the Ages ix aranea, Gelochelidon anglica 126 er en 126 abnorme, Dyseviulisoma ___ 78 Ardea erythromelas —_.... fe 125 Plea eet See SG SS 59 argentina, Plea 0 54, 58 145 areuta,, Popentilla, 2-2. aE 34 acarinatus, Wubidesmus —._— 77 Aristida dichotoma....__-___. 32 Accipiter poliogaster _____. 126 purpurascens) 2 32 Dendrocincla ho- atistatas solantasoue = se 37 SS poe ARIS 925, 134 aristosa, Bidens) 2a 37 acicularis, Eleocharis S 33 arizonica, Cinara ———— 160, 162, = Pn CUS) ae 33 ammeria, Dianthus 2 2 geata, Distorsio —...___— 114, 115 Artibeus cinereus — a i eee 88 se es 113 AZVECWIS Tan eee 64 acutirons, Caprella = 41, 45 PHACOEIST =F 64 Aeginella hirsuta —_____ 46 pUMECUS AS. 63, 64 ig ee LER APG ie 52 fultecusie uot. oe peek es 65 aequatorialis, Ciccaba ——— 129 mapriabug 225 Fs eee 63 = ee 129 jamareeneisy o.oo cn 61, 62 agathonica, Amphorophora .. 197 Fuca tamige lsh 62 ee asa n 2 44 Mturatis a ee Hae 61 palmarumee = 24 ae 62, 63 gene “ oR en 37 Hansa sets 2258. we 65 Agrostis hiemalis —.__. aa se 32 planirostris planirostris__ 62 ajacis, Delphinum ——____ 34 turpis? =f es 65 gbere, Cisiara ao 205 arvense, Tithospermum ____. 36 alatus, Cnemodesmus —_.__. 81 Asclepias incarnata var. pul- aigtem, Lythrum, —.... 35 Chibaiee esis Se See, 36 rly! gl) el 1) 34 Asio stygius robustus _... re 130 eee 170; Agi 72 aspera. Stachy spas. ay 36 Aster pilosus var. platyphyl- D3 ee 37 a se ete SS 37 Astragalus carolinianus ___ 34 oe et 185 1396. Atlapetes: ‘Schistaceus .'cas- f ne sett ont 129 tenertrons 172s. eee a a 13, 14 , Eviulisoma —— ~ a 80 pl || Te ane 13, 14 Cnemo- Caria: Me Ss Bee tre 14 81 atopus, Dysthymus) 82 Phrynosoma orbi- Inmindacus.: 2 > 82 Peer Se eR See | OF; 2829 86©=- ata; Cimata: 321i ee eee. 86 38 atriplicifolia, Cacalia — of 37 Amazona dufresniana dufres- Mebbadenia: 1. secs 37 127 augusta, ‘Caprella. neues. 41, 44 ci, eS 163, 164 auricularis, Basileuterus tri- SEN HR CUS ee ee at oe hs 137, 138 Heliangelus auriculata, Tomanthera —.... 37 ge en an aca 3 australis, Elymus ———____ Slane Amphorophora agathonica _.. 197 Elymus virginicus var. 32 Pawtineae “196; 200 _ Plerochila © 213 i 195 axillaris; Petunia, aes se 37 Amplinus constrictus ______. 67, 70 aztecus, Artibeus cinereus... 64 i ee ETN 68 animis, Helanthis == es 38 B ‘ anomala, Metacaprella _._. x 44, 47 baeza, Basileuterus tristria- j is eee net ~ Ware es 139 ta ch re ar ot 37 _—s baritula, Diglossa baritula _. 137 Potroatomnis Soe ee 17 Basileuterus tristriatus auri- PRE Oe ee 137, 138 — 78 baeza. - eense te ee 139 apt Fon aero 94, 95 besseress “2-2 137, 138 a re 96, 113 Canens:. 62 = eee eee 139 226 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington chitrenei@ 2. x! 138 inconspicuus —._____— a 139 melanotis: 22.2 ae 138 meridaius. 22 137, 138 paride: 22 2 137 Pperijanus — vie 137, 138 punctipectus 222. == 139 tristriatusy ee eee 139 Beach, Edward S., Jr. elected member _..___._ ix beameri, Microvelia —...... 74 Belenus colentis — 218 bessereri, Basileuterus tri- SinMatus) 2-2 S220 tee 137, 138 Bidens polylepis —...... @rstesa © 37 cernud 20 ee ee ee 37 irondosa j.- sae 37 bignonioides, Catalpa —.. 37 biolleyi, Eurhinocricus _ 179, 181, 182 Rhinocricus (Eurhinocri- CLS) ah ee at £3 182 biotae. Lachnus) —) 2 es 158 biseriatus, Sanazarius _.._. 217 Blake, S. F. Observation of spring Birds 20 ee ee ix elected Recording Secre- tary) 2.25.3 ee x Exhibition of a new botany book) == sss x Blake, S. F. and E. P. Killip Natural History of Plum- mers Island, Maryland. X. Flowering Plants and Ferns—Supplement Jef oly Eh) oe aces 31-38 blepharus, Stenodynerus (Sternodynerus) 185, 187 Bohart, Richard M. Three New Species of Stenodynerus’ from Eastern United States (Hymenoptera, Vespi- G26) 2. eee 185-190 boliviana, Coeligena_ coeli- SC The oe ae eee 0 2 bolivianus, Scytalopus_ fe- moralis. 20482. | ees boretlii.: Plea), 22. aS 53, 56 Botrychium dissectum __..... 32 Obliqistint 2.0 > sek eee F< 32 boxiana, Cochlochila —_._. 214, 215 Brachycybe tuolumna ___. Brachygalba lugubris fulvi- ROCMIEN IG de he 132 Bradley, G. A. and F. C. Hottes Two New Species of Cinara (Homoptera: Aphididae) from On- tario: ou seins eee 85-88 Brady, M. K. elected Member of Coun- i Sh eens AER APL PE ee x breve, Paedaridum _........ 40, 43, 48 brevirostris, Caprella —__... 44, 47 Bromus commutatus —__.._.. 32 fapONnICuS) sa et ee 32 Patigiamts a. 32 brunneidorsalis, Synallaxis Rulatish 22 oka Bree = 6 brunneus, Dysthymus _ 82 Blephilia hirsuta 36 Buddleia davidi var. nahonsis 36 bukobana, Cochlochila —.. 214 bulbosus, Ranunculus —_._ 34 Buteo swainsoni __...____— 3 126 C Cacalia atriplicifolia — 37 cacozelus, Turdus fuscater_.. 9, 10 cajamarcae, Ochthodiaeta fuscater 2.2 eee californica, Caprella —.. 39, 44, 46, 47 californica, Cinara —._.__.. 166 Deutella 222). 2 eee 44 californiensis, Microvelia —. 73 Callitriche stagnalis —_..__. 35 camerunense, Scolodesmus _. 77 Campsogon ingans __.___. oes 81 laquifer = See 81 miles © 2. athe 81 thy sanopus) i... See 81 Campylorhampus pusillus pusillus 0. eee 133 canurus’ Rubus) ee 34 canadensis, Cinara 86 Canara juniper .... eee 87 canatra, Cinara — 2. 85 cancellata, Distorsio 111 cancellina, Distorsio —.-.___.. 114 Persona: 2 eee 111, 115 cancellinus, Distorsio —_. 111,115 Distortnx. 2 ee 115 Murex chen ee 113 Triton 3 eee 102, 114 canens, Basileuterus tri- striatus eeeries 139 Caprella acutifrons 22 41, 45 var. simulatrix, 23 41 var. tabida —..... == 41 augusta, eee eee 41, 44 brevirostris. eee 44, 47 ealifornina, « toes —. 39, 44, 46, 47 équlibra 2 ee 44, 47 Sracilior j--4 4). eee 44, 47 inéisa 2 eee 41, 44 linearis), qe. ee ee a 48 mendax 0 2 ee 45 Pilipalma _.-.- 40, 41, 44, 45, 46 Scabra. | 20 oo ee 41 tabida 2.2.46... ee 41 wniforma 222 see 44 verrucosa __.._.___.. 39, 41, 44, 46, 47 Caprimulgus carolinensis ___ 17, 18 otiosus TE rufus minimus ——. 15, 627m noctivigulus 18 TUES ue ee ee 18, 19 cardiaca, Mentha... ee 36 Carex annectens var. xantho- Carpal, 33 eristatella eee 33 granularis. 2 eee = 33 hirtiflora, ee pails 33° laevivaginata — 33 lupulina: eee = 33 lurida 222222 eee 33 prasina: 2 eee a 33 stipata, 22 eee 33 vulpinoidea 33 carnelitae, Grallaria guati- malensis 220 eee 134 earelina, Cinara 2, 170 carolinensis, Caprimulgus _. 17, 18 Index carolinianus, Astragalus __ 34 carota, Daucus —— 2. 35 castanea, Synallaxis unirufa 5 casteneifrons, Atlapetes schistaceus oleae ot deka 13, 14 Catalpa bignonioides _.____. 37 Catamblyrhynchus diadema ireimitirons: oi 141, 142 CE a Fh) 6 gee ee A a 141, 142 federalis | SENS te fed 141, 142 cavallii, Eviulisoma ——.__. 79 cavicolens, Paeromopus __ 68, 70 Celeus torquatus occidentalis 133 Cenchrus pauciflorus —___-. 32 Centatira maculosa ——___— 37 Centaurea cyanus ——..____ 37 Ceratophyllum demersum __ 34 Cerchneipicus occidentalis... 133 Cermnuda, Bidens — 37 Perms; Saururis 205 ees 33 Chaetura cinereiventris scla- So See ee Eee reese 130 PTA RNOA tans on i NU ES 130 sc 130 chamberlani, Lagopus mutus 203 Chamberlin, Ralph V. Six New American Milli- peds, with Notes on Several Cave-dwelling ee a oe 67-72 Chapman, H. C. and C. J. Drake Preliminary Report on the Pleidae (Hemi- ptera) of the Americas 53-60 SS Eee ee ee 89 La i 90 cheiranthoides, Cheirinia —— 34 Bop itii tite 2 Sts £ 34 Cheirinia cheiranthoides —_. 34 chitrensis, Basileuterus tri- striatus — pene sy os 138 Chloronerpes flavigula mag- aan SS a Se Ee 132 Chlorostilbon poortmani poortmani ~~ i a 130 Chrysogonum virginianum__ 37 Ciccaba aequatorialis ~~. 129 Cichorium intybus — ~~. 37 Greuta mactilata- .—..... 35 cilianensis, Eragrostis ——.. 32 (Sittara aiache® 622s 205 Cg 163, 164 OT 26a ae 169 ETL 2) es an eas eee oe 168 eraomica ©...) 160) 162, 165 abies St ee 86 Giifforitica 166 nT | ee 86 To ee ee 85 oe) fiir, ence ee eee a 170 Cora deiss — 22 ee 171 Castata. +2 SA et 172 IRC BE 6s 172 Pciia: \o 2 ee Se 172 ee es aT 209 hiscripta,. 2225 es 170 ee a eee 161 laricifex? 2. s eres es 158 larice see 2 ee 158 lisiocarpae we 206 lassenensis __.____... 160, 162, 163, 165 fofivispinosa:- 25.2 28 55 167 loWisianensie eb) SGU =k lee Pte) onatei ___ Sees oregonensis _ Oregons! 222 2 ene Peciinataee a See pilicorhig: 2 (6 eee DAN ayy ee Be eee pineti PrMicola....2e45 te Pifiona ponderosa 24-325 pséudotaxifoliae © 20+ schwarzii serrai thajafolme> 02. oo twahlina:.. ABwery 8 Vagabunda 2200. Wan litcaw so ee ee welitolen 22.00 hou winonkae ____ cinereiventris, Synallaxis pararis © o-— = EB ie Bees: i cinereus, Artibeus —____ circulare, Paspalam ———. Ps Cirsium discolor __. lanceolatum vulgate citata, Rhagovelia _._ citrinifrons, Catamblyrhyn- chs) citrinivrons clarisse, Heliangelus ame- EM YStICOWIS Clark, A.. Hi. The ecology, evolution, and distribution of the vertebrates clarus, Turdus fuscater ____. 159, 162 141, 142 3 x 9, 10 clathrata, Distorsio 94, 96, 97, 100, 109, 116, 11s, 11Z,, 119 elathrato, Persona .—.___. 114 elathratum, ‘Triton =. 109, 110, 111 113, 114, 121 clathratus, Distorsio ae 12 Distortio reticulata —__.. 112 Clethrionomys rufocanus re- (ap A a el ies oe a ar 90 Cliff, Frank S. elected member —_.___.__.. ix Clinopodium vulgare —_..._... 36 Cnemodesmus alatus _.... = 81 Aloysii-Sabaudiae _._.. me 81 eanvolitis = 81 ioans-< e 81 lanier (eee a 81 longipes,2 eee ein as 81 Hitleg) 2.2 eee 81 thysanapis: = ..«s0o 4 81 Coccyzus erthrophthalmus ~.. 127 Cochlochila boxiana __.__.. 214, 215 bukobana _._ 214 cocos, Rhinocricus -______ 182 coelestis, Diglossa baritula_. 136, 137 Coeligena coeligena boliviana 2 coeligena, Coeligena_ coeli- emtay eet eee ae 1, 2 Cocligena coeligena colum- Diatia: 2 erie a Pe hee 2 ferrugimnea = 22" 6) 3 2 Obseurd. 92 ee 2 wuliana 22) 1,2 héhianthea, (22s ee ee 131 torquata torquata: 131 228 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington colentis, Belenus ————....... 218 coloradensis, Cinara ——__ 171 coloratus, Glaucomys sabri- BUS. cee ee ee 191, 192, 193, 194 Columba plumbea wallacei —. 127 ‘alpacoti. = 127 columbiana, Coeligena ‘coeli- Penal pe sa eee 2 Columbigallina passerina PONG COba iy ae es ee 127 talpacoti talpacoti 127 Columbina griseola — =. 127 comantis, Lasiacanthia 220 iParacopidin oe 217 Commelina communis —__..... 33 communis, Commelina —_..... 33 commutatus, Bromus —__._.. 32 confusus, Scytalopus _ fe- MOA? Se ees ee ay 8 congicolens, Wubidesmus _... 77 Gongolina = ees ee bs 82 concolor, Abieg 2.32 esos) 206 constrictus, Amphinus —~ 67, 70 PPISCORSIO . once oa eee 94, 98, 99 continentalis, Veniliornis Eo i a, Seedine See Nia ectaaeet, tel, 133 convolutus, Cnemodesmus 81 Convolvulus speium — 36 cordifrons, Rubus prosper Var, Veet at eee ae ee 34 Coreopsis ‘tinctoria —— 2? 37 coronatus, Pachyramphus al- bogriseus| “2. eee 135, 136 cortezii, Phrynosoma _orbi- cllanet(2. 2 See Lee ae 29 costatay (Cisara, 2s eee 172 crassidens,, Driton 2-6 98 Crawford, Jane elected member —__._....--.. ix Crax urumutum ___ 126 creber, Scirpus validus var. 33 Crepis Stich 2 oO 37 cristatella. Carex? ss 3 33 Crotalaria sagittalis ~~... 34 Cuculus erythrophthalma -... 127 culik, Pteroglossus ——.___ 132 Selenideral! 2 re 132 ecupressi, Ciaara 2a = 172 Cupressus macrocarpa -_. 172 cyanus, ‘Centaurer +... 37 Cyperus filiculmis —.____. 33 faveseens 2 33 pseudovegetus ~....-..-.... 33 D Dactylis glomerata —________ 32 Dalquest, Walter W. Mexican Bats of the Genus Artibeus —...... 61-66 danebyi, Tuolumnia _..__. 67, 70 Dasypus novemcinctus GRVISt. os ZA, 22; 23, 24,25 fenestratus ) 2224. Jesu 21, 22, 24 Mexicans, = see 22, 23, 24, 25 texanus 4222-2 Shc se 3. 23 Daucus (carotag——__ 35 Davis, William B. A New Horned Lizard, Genus Phrynosoma, from, Wiexico, a 27-30 davisi, Dasypus novemcin- CUUG ine ee ee ae 21,22, 23, 24, 2 debile, Eviulisoma —...-._---.. debilis, Dysthymus _. &2 decipiens, Distorsio x 98, 114 Driton) si vate. pried ieee 98, 114 decolor, Heliangelus ame- thesticollisis22 ee a3 3 decorata, Diglossa baritula _ 137 decussatum, Tritonium 99 decussatus, Distorsio $4, 99 Deignan, H. G. elected President x Delassor = S22 52 Delphinium, -ajaeis. <= 34 demersum, Ceratophyllum ... 34 Dendrocincla homochroa _..... 133 acedéstam = aa 134 homocht on eee 134 meridionalis 133, 134 TUNCEpPs) ee 134 Dermanura jucundum _._. 64 phiaeotis;, =. -ti. een 64 Desmodium nudiflorum __._ 31, 34 Danicwlatim —— =e 34 PaAucifoOLtin) eee 34 Deutella californica 44 diadema, Catamblyrhynchus diadema Si ¢¢ Le 141, 142 Dianthus, asmeniay ae 34 Diaporus = tas tiaee ee 181 dichotoma;) Axistida 222 =a 32 Diglossa baritula baritula __ 137 coelestis ee 136, 137 decorata 3s eee 137 @orbignyt: 2.22" abe 136, 137 hy pery thtaj 2 ae eee 136: 137 Mandeh 2 eee bs 136, 137 AONGAi a, pe 137 parva. 3 aes 137 pluinbe@a. 2. ee - 137 Sittoidés) = a eee 137 Veraguensis .S-2 ee 137 Dipsacus. sylvestris... 37 discolor, (Cigssim,) = 37 dissectum, Botrychium _.__ 32 Distorsia, tortucsa = 94 Distorsio acuta... = 2s 114, 115 occidentalis, (2222 111, 114 ANUS) ge eee = 94, 95 cancellata. —.! ee 111 cancelling 22. a 114 cancellinus 2.2 2isee ee 111,115 clatratag ese 110, 111, 112, 114, 121 Clathrataly = sees 94, 96, 97, 100, 109 110, 11ijeiiay 8 Clathratus) (222202. 2 112 gatunensis. 97, 100, 112 CONSESICtNS) a ee _ 94, 98, 99 décipiens ,...._.._._._ __ aa 98, 114 decussatus 2. eee 94, 99 Honidana: 32 ee al 99, 101 francesae.. 2 eee » 95, 100 watunensis eee 97, 100 interposita 2 = ee 101 mcgintyl ee 99, 101 occidentalis: === 102 perdistorta, 222) 94, 95, 102 (Persona) ridens ._...__ = 115 (Personella) jacksonensis 93 septemdentata -— 93 pusilla. eee 102 reticulata ...- _ 94, 96, 97, 102, 109, 110 112, 113, 114, 115, 119, 121 reticulatus 22.2 = 115 Index septemdentata —....._.. 101, 103 tortuosum ee eS 109 Distorta actta” Vs 2 tet 113 FAG GLE 0 tt a a a De tir ca 103 rugosa en | ares 103 Dist@stio reticulata —..._.__.. 112, 119; 121 clathratus 2 2 eeeks 112 Distortrix cancellinus —_ 115 jacksonensis; 2-2 ees 101 Bevicwiata . 4... BEA a, 19S Clathratay 2. ese) rola CIMeH S|. 2 - 2 Siecoe Sree 5 112 divaricatus, Helianthus ___. 38 diversifolius, Potamogeton_. 32 djunggranganensis, Persona. 99 d’orbignyi, Diglossa baritula 136, 137 Dougherty, Ellsworth C. and Joan E. Steinberg Notes on the Skeleton Shrimps (Crustacea: Caprellidae) of Cali- POttila 2 ee 39-50 dowellianus, Helianthus _. 38 Dracocephalum virginianum 36 Drake, Carl J. New Neogaean Rhago- velia (Hemiptera: Veli- ee ent oe = 145-152 A New Genus and New Species of Tingidae Criemiptera)|) sf -- . a- 211-224 Drake, C. J. and mm. C. Chapman Preliminary Report on the Pleidae (Hemi- ptera) of the Americas 53-60 Drake, C. J. and F. C. Hottes Notes on Microvelia Fla- vipes (Hemiptera: Wieltidae i. sa ae 73-74 dufresniana, Amazona_ du- RSE TIGL ps eS Se 127 dufresnianus, Psittacus _.. 127 Duvall, A. J. elected Treasurer x Dyseviulisoma abnorme __. 78 ete tithes os 77 Dysthymus atopus 82 riinneiis 28 82 DUS ee ee | es 82 SPECtADHIG. =... SE ese. 82 weanondsy £20 Se 82 E ecarinatus, Wubidesmus ___.. 7 ERenium yilearets.26 2 36 PUCHOCCSINUS 32. hy 82 edulis; ‘Cinara*..—.... dese Se 172 egregium, Eviulisoma —___.. 80 ehrhardti, Scolodesmus —_. 77 eiatior, Festucs 222 3 32 @kiera, Striaria. me 68 Eleocharis acicularis —.. + 33 engelnianns *2=".. 33 eliyamus, Hegesidemus _.__ 221 Elmer, Irene Meteorological factors affecting evening ap- pearance of fire flies. ix Biymius: australis: {2 31, 32 virginicus var. australis 32 Emerson, William K. and Elton L. Puffer A Catalogue of the Mol- luscan Genus Distorsio 229 (Gastropoda, Cymati- PUI 2h eh 0 eee a om ele 93-108 engelmanni, Eleocharis _... 33 equilibra, Caprelia: mt 44, 47 Equisetum praealtum ____ 32 Eragrostis cilianensis 32 WCSGt, on) RR STE 32 PeChinaced =. ee 32 DUOS ay pes 5 ee EE ay podeoidées, =. a 32 erectum, Poly conum 2-2 34 Erizeron samosas — 2a ss 37 StrigOstisie eo ee ed | ™ 37 erythromelas, Ardea ___..__ 125 erythromelas, Ixobrychus exilis pes es, Lee ee Oe 125 erythropthalmus, Coccyzus.... 127 Erysimum cheiranthoides _. 34 officinale var. leiocarpum 34 Eschmeyer, R. W. Biology of man-made lathe Sirqgah the oe a ot alee ix esculentum, Lycopersion __... 37 Essig, E. O. and F. C. Hottes Descriptions of New Spe- cies of Cinara from Western United States 159-172 Eupatorium hyssopifolium _.. 38 ferfoliatum @eone Ves 38 sessilifoliam? 2.2.24.) jy 38 Burhinocriciis We 179, 181, 182 biolleyi. ... 2 Ba 179) Bd Lie ontiltemias mictian he eps) 181, 182 parvissimus 181, 182 tilde he tee 181, 183 Euthania graminifolia 38 Eviulisoma alluaudi — diafes 80 Cavallit.<.--.-.. eee 3 79 CEDUIE -..c: eet eee ee 80 GRTeCHiie see ess fe Se 80 PrauSril cA eS eee 80 VS tS ee 77, 80 insulare = ee 80 jeaniiel® oe ee nce 80 rae mek G2 016 4 eee ee a eee 80 ObScupumyt 222) > 80 schoutedéeni 2.2 80 SHINE SET Cig aa oe 80 triton Se eae eee 80 USSUWICNSE) 2))24e see tes 80 F tabexn, Setania Soares = 33 Palco Hamatys <==. 125 poliogaster Bboy alice 126 federalis, Catamblyrhynchus diadéna {2 Sas eee 141, 142 femoralis, Scytalopus fe- ALO LAL Ga aE vo EEE 7 fenestratus, Dasypus nove- TMC tS See ee 24 Fennah, R. G. A New Froghopper from Bolivia (Homoptera: Ceropoidea)) 2 eee 51-52 ferrea, Metacaprella ____ 44, 47 ferruginea, Coeligna coeligna 2 Hestuca elation =. 4 Se 32 230 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington filiculmis, Cyperus ~~~ flamen, Isozula ....=.).-*... flavescens, Cyperus ~~. flavidorsalis, Hemispingus frontalis flavigula, Piculus flavigula— flavipes, Microvelia —_____. flavotinctus, Picumnus oli- vaceus flexilis, Naias floridana, Distorsio Personella francesae, Distorsio Friedmann, elected Vice-President —. frondosa, Bidens frontalis, Hemisphingus fron- talis fultecusis, Artibeus _. fulviceps, Thlypopsis fulvi- BOpS\. 2. eke 5 pile fulviventris, Brachygalba Lug bris) Meee SG oe ed fumidus, Atlapetes schista- ceus fumigata, Ochthodiaeta fu- Mirata £2 ses fuscater, Turdus fuscater _. fuscus, Glaucomys sabrinus G Gabrielson, Ira N. and Frederick C. Lincoln Status of Lagopus mutus Santord! Bent. = 23 Galactia)/volubilis) 2... Galbula ruficauda pallens __. Galinsoga parviflora —_...... Gardner, Marshall C. elected Corresponding Secretary gatunensis, Distorsio _____. Distorsio clathratus Gelochelidon anglica aranea gerhardi, Microvelia ______. gigantoides, Turdus fuscater gigas, Turdus fuscater glandifera, Veronica Glaucomys sabrinus 33 51, 52 33 140, 141 132 73 4 32 99, 101 99, 110, 112 95, 100 x 37 140 x 97, 100 97, 100, 112 126 74 Sao, 192,195 coloratus ________. 191, 192, 193, 194 fuses ees. a 191 macrotis: (£001. 191; 192) 993, 194 glomerata, Dactylis 32 Glyceria septentrionalis 32 Graphalium purpureum ___. 38 Godfrey, R. K. Plant exploration in Tur- Ch as eS ee ix Gonolobus obliquus —..- 36 gracilior.. Caprella., 2 44, 47 Grallaria guatimalensis car- MRCILEAR (2588 ek od 134 POC ed 134 regulus grallator, Scolodesmus __. 76, 82 graminifolia, Euthania ___. 38 granularis, Carex __ 4 33 grasi, Triton _ et ES 100 graueri, Eviulisoma _____ 80 griseola, Columbigallina Passerina.j4- 2 es ee 127 Columbia oe 127 guayaquilensis, Pachyram- phus albogriseus —_.____.. gularis, Synallaxis gularis._ Habrodesmus Haedus otiosus polulus hamatus, Faleo...... sees Helicolestes 2. Handley, Charles O., Jr. elected to Council ___.. A New Flying Squirrel from the Southern Ap- palachian Mountains. chian Mountains hanieli, Hemisphingus fron- talis Hannemania ochotana harnedi;| Pleas ae harterti, Picumnus olivaceus hasta, Verbena Hegesidemus eliyamus _.... 3 otiosus Helenium nudiflorum Heliangelus amethysticollis amethysticollis clarisse decolor laticlavius violiceps helianthea, Coeligena _._.. Ornismaya Helianthus annuus divaricatus dowellianus tuberosus hamatus Hemispingus frontalis flavi- dorsalis frontalis hanieli ignobilis iteratus hiemalis, Agrostis ————-—— Ks hirsuta, Aeginella ______ a Artibeus Blephilia..... Eragrostis hivta,. Cinara, ee Rudbeckia hirtifiora, (Carex... "> ts Hirundo pelagica =] === histricorne, Paracopium —— Hobbs, Horton H., Jr. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Alabama _ and Ploridaj eee Hoffman, Richard L. Scolodesmus and Related African Milliped Genera (Polydesmida: Stron- eylosmidae) ——... Studies on Spiroboloid Millipeds. I.’The Genus Eurhinocricus Brole- Micieaa. oe See homochroa, Dendrocincla —. Dendrocincla homochroa.. horvathi, Plerochila —.__- Hostundia oppositifolia Hottes, F. C. 191-194 191-194 89, 90 53, 54, S 173-178 75-84 Notes on Some Species of Cinara, with Descrip- tions of two New Spe- cies from Pinon Pine PA HIGae 2 Descriptions of the Sex- ual Forms of some Spe- cies of Amphorophora CApmidiaae) Descriptions of Some Undescribed Forms of G. A. Bradley Two New Species of Ci- nara -(Homoptera: Aphididae) from On- TENTS pate inane See lee A Pale = Hottes, F. C. and C. J. Drake Notes on Microvelia fla- vipes (Hemiptera: Breisindae). ie Hoettes.-F. C. and E. O. Essig Descriptions of New Spe- cies of Cinara from Western United States Four New Species. of Cinara (Aphidae) — Humulus scandens —____. hursutum, Paracopium hyalinus, "Lachnus Ah tart Ne hyperythra, Diglossa baritula hyssopifolium, Eupatorium_. i ignobilis, Hemisphingus frontalis inannana, Nesocypselas ___ incisa, Caprella at eteett Gonads inconspicuus, Basileuterus PRIBtMIAtCHS iugans, Campsogon _. Cnemodesmus Eviulisoma inscripta, Cinara insulare, Eviulisoma —_ intensa, Thlypopsis fulviceps interposita, Distortio ~~. intonsa, Leptostyla _..__ mtypus, Cichotium —._____. Ipomoea pandurata —_____ mn (CURE TTC Ce | ee Me Re San irrasa, Microvelia Ischnotingis prolixa VEuICnepane isocycla, Polygala_ verticil- Wee foe a isezula.. amen Isozulia itatiaiana, Rhagovelia ____ iteratus, Hemisphingus fron- talis Ixobrychus melas __ iuliforme, Strongylosoma___.. J jacksonensis, Distorsio (Per- sonella) Distortrix _ jamaicensis, Artibeus - hus exilis erythro- Index 153-158 195-198 199-202 73-74 159-172 205-210 Jameson, E. W. and Seiichi Toshioka Shunsennia tarsalis, a new Genus and Species of Chigger from Korea (Acarina: Trombiculi- dae) janeira, Rhagovelia japonicus, Bromus”. = jeanneli, Eviulisoma —__... jehreyi, Pmas > = Pinus ponderosa var, —_— Johnson, D. H. elected to Council —___. jucundum, Dermanura ....... = Jancus acuminatus 2 marginatus secundus 22 a qanipert, Canataso Juniperus scopulorum virginiana katbergana, Physatochelia -.. kennerlyi, Metacaprella — Killip, E. P. and S. F. Blake Natural History of Plum- mers Island, Maryland. X. Flowering Plants and pice weg is 1 A ee eee oe kinoi, Cinara ES ie a Kirkii, Picus (Chloropicus) kirkii, Veniliornis keiricin Koellia Vir¥inians: krombeini, Stenodynerus (Stenodynerus) kueneni, Persona 2 _ Lachnus a te eae ee le Ben hyalinus lacinata, Oenothera x lactuca: serricla.<— eee lacunus, Stenodymerus __... laevigatus, Penstemon __... laevis, caratella (2 laevivaginata, Carex Lafresnaya lafresnayi lafres- nayi lafresnayi, Lafresnaya lafres- nayi i: eee La Fresnayi, “Trochilus Iagopus) miutue. 2. chamberlanti |)... sanfordi Lamium purpureum _. lanceolatum, Cirsium laquifer, Campsogon Cnemodesmus Derietiex, Canara 2S Intieo, Citara, oe Lasiacanthia comantis turneri lasiocarpae, Cinara ——___ 231 lassenensis, Cinara _. 160, 162, 163, 165 laticlavius, Heliangelus ame- thysticollis latiiola,. Tygua latiglumis, Bromus ~~. 3 32 32 232 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington Leeuwenhoekia 0. —-. 89 leiocarpum, Erysimum offi- cindle tavareg os 2 So ee 34 Sisymbrium officinale var. 34 Lemna perpusilla _........ __. 33 leucorhoa, Oceanodroma leu- Corhoa~enes see ae 125 Procellania ~ = 125 Leptostyla intonsa __.... 222 Lespedeza stipulacea —.___. 35 Virsinica (G0 ee 35 Lestris pomarinus: == - =~ 126 Lincoln, Frederick C. and Ira N. Gabrielson | Status of Lagopus mutus Sanford) pent) 222. 204 lindheimeri, Panicum __.... 32 hoearis: (Caprella.2 eee 48 inOp lusty 02s ee ae 43 Lithospermum arvense _._... 36 hturatus,.Artibeds 2... 61 Lolium) nrultitiosum = >= 32 longipes, Cnemodesmus _ 81 Orthmoropha . 81 RiHagoveliay kw esos as 15te 152 ijongisetum, Polygonum caes- PLeOSUin Vator Ske = 34 lonzispinosa, Cinata "2 167 Lophornis chalybea_ ver- TEAUKU | fo ee ee ee 130 WiETREMUKAd) eee 130 louisianensis, Cinara 172 lugubris, Ochthodiaeta fu- AINA CA) Cn ee ee 8 undacus atopus =e 82 lupulina, Carex, -U 0 es 33 Medicago es ae ee 35 HUtida., (Carex ee es 33 Teychinis iia lipase en os 34 Lycopersicon esculentum __. 37 Lycopus tebelluss 36 Lysimachia nummularia —... 36 Lythrum alatum —222 = 35 M macrocarpa, Cupressus —.._.. 172 Macrosiphum wasintae __. ss 199 macrotis, Glaucomys_ sabri- ATUL, eee oe ee 191, 192, 193, 194 mactlatas Cicadas eee 35 maculosa, Centaura <= 37 Pleas ee ee COG eae maculosus, Nyctibius ee wee | 130 Nyctibius leucopterus _. 130 magnus, Chloronerpes flavi- Pla Sew. ere eS ee Ae 132 Piculus” favicula, = 132 mahonsis, Buddleia davidi ab a ee Ae ree us 36 Malwae neolecta, 2. a2 35 mandeli, Diglossa baritula__ 136, 137 marginatus. Juncus = — wt 33 Matebelopis. = 82 Wawro las cco eee ee ae 43 CR Ta Ae Aor Np leah ae aa La aS 33 megintyi, Distorsie _ 99, 101 Medicago lupulina _______. 35 Sativa coe ee ee ee 35 Meibomia paniculata ——__ 34 melanotis, Basileuterus tri- Stilatus. 2 eee 138 Melilotus officinalis — WW a 35 mendax, -Caprella == 45 Mentha carditaca === == 36 meridana, Synallaxis unirufa 4,5 meridanus, Basileuterus tri- Stratus. ae 137, 138 meridensis, Otus albo- gularis 128, 129 meridionalis, Dendrocinchla hombchroa 2. = 133, 134 Mesadenia atriplicifolia —— 37 metableta;, (Persona, = 101 Metacaprella” =e 45 AMNOfna la ee eee ee 3 44, 47 fertea’ 3 eo - wae 44, 47 kennerlya), 2s eee 44, 47, 48 Metallura tyrianthina tyrian- thina (2.2 es ee 131 mexicana, Plea —— ~~. 56, 57 mexicanus, Dasypus _ no- Vemcimctuss = _ 22, 23) Aes microcarpon, Panicum ~—— 32 micropeterus, Scytalopus fe- moralist 2220 3 eee 8 microstephanus, Momotus momota ey 131 Microvelia americana 73 béameri 222 eee 74 califoriensis 73 flavipes! | oo! eee 13 gerhardt 2 = es Ln 74 itfasa tt = 73 pexa oe oe See 73 miles, Campsogon”-=— 81 Cnemodesmus , 81 Mirulus f. peckn ——-=— = 37 ringsens YS ae = 37 mimus, Amplimus — 68 minimus, Caprimulgus rufus minutissima, Plea 2 === Momotus momoata microste- phanus aie Monanthia pongana St Monotropa uniflora ———-—_—- montana, Dilossa baritula aN morrisoni, Primula ———_____ Muhlenbergia sobolifera multifiorum;,” Tolhum == mundus, Oxobolus eee munoztebari, times uni- BUbiey Murex anus cancellinus” 22] === mulus tortuosus muturanum, Eviulisoma - ee mutus, Lagopus a =) N Naias flexilis =e 3 nanus, Arbiteus 2 Narcissus pseudonarcissus —— natalicola, Pogonostyla ~~ neglecta, Malva —... Neoplea Neotomodon nepeta, Satiiteig. ee Nesocypselas inannana _____. Nicandra physalodes nigerianus, Scolodesmus -— nigricans, Scytalopus’ fe- MOTAlMS. ee ie higtita, Cinara ees = nilionis, Plea 15,16, "17, 36 53 noctivigulus, Caprimulgus TADS GE Cap ail eee re ate eat Nl nodosus, Potamogeton __.._.. SOPHIA,» lea ore oe ee Nothocrax urumutum __. novana, Rhagovelia nudiflorum, Desmodium _.... Helenium mits. Murex 2 0 nummularia, Lysimachia ___ nuttallii, Solidago gramini- folia var. i tnt Nyctibius leucopterus macu- losus __ obliquum, Botrychium Witieectoxicum | 2 ool os obliquus, Gonolobus __.___ obscura, Coeligena coeligena obscuriceps, Thlypopsis fulviceps cee obscurus, Otus albo-gularis obscurum, Eviulisoma occidentalis, tus eran Cerchneipicugs: 222 StOrsiol 2 Distorsio acuta 222.1). Oceanodroma leucorhoa leu- corhoa es eee ochotana, Hannemania ___... - ochrogaster, Synallaxis uni- ici: i oe ee Ochthodiaeta fumigata ca- Veeich <2 ee Joh. aS lugubris Gt i ee Oenothera lacinata __.___. 2 officinalis, Melilotus —__ okendeni, Turdus fuscater__ Celeus torqua- olivacea, Ochthodiaeta fu- SeparneeN ech Sree Ss WE eels ar be 2 olivaceus, Picumnus oliva- OS eee omiltemae, Eurchinocricus tated \Cinatia.._.1iis)lovted _a. Onodéa, sensibilis «20-22 oppositifolia, Hostundia —_ orbiculare, Phrynosoma orbi- Calare .. Beers esa o tis: oregonensis, Cinara — Es ovegomh, Cindtac 22) 2.2 ens orientalis, Thuja ornatus, Pachyramphus albo- BTISeUs! |S... eee be wie Ornismaya helianthea ____. poortmani torquata Orontium Orthomorpha longipes otiosus, Caprimulgus —. otiosus; Haedusi aie te. = Hegesidemus Otus aequatetialis) 4 2 2! albo-gularis Otus albo-gularis meridensis ODSCUMIS bat Owens, H. B. elected Vice-President Index 101, 113 36 38 128, 129 81 233 Oxobolus mundus _. 69 BARING OMS 2 so en 69 Je Pachyramphus _albogriseus aibosrisetig +2. 8015 Fh 135, 136 COronatic ie. ai Se 135, 136 guayaquilensis —. 220. 136 OFNAtUGH ea FB 136 Salvinig eee eee a 136 Paedaridum breve —_. 40, 43, 48 Paermopus cavicolens _____ 68, 70 pallens, Galbula ruficauda _ 132 palmarum, Artibeus literatus 62, 63 pandurata, Ipomoea _______ 36 pamiculata, Meibomia ___. 34 paniculatum, Desmodium _. 34 Panicum lindheimeri ___ 32 interocarnan. mas 32 polyanthes) 2 32 pseudopubescens _.____ a 33 StIDMGa Ps ae 33 Paracopium comantis ____ 217 BAU SUAGIEONS oa ee 218 Histricot@e ss 218 Paradesmus thysanopus ___ 80 ETT (Salama aaa patie Taste 53 pariae, Basileuterus tristria- DES: cee ea ae 137 parva, Diglossa baritula __ 137 parviflora, Galinsoga __. 38 parvissimus, Eurhinocricus__ 181, 182 Paspalum cicculare . 33 pubescens.) 22 se 33 pauciflorum, Desmodium __. 34 pauciflorus, Cenchrus ____.__ 32 paulana, Rhagovelia _.___. 149 pawtincae, Amphorophora __. 196, 200 Pechanec, Joseph F. Symbiotic relationships of people and livestock in Italian Somaliland._. ix peckn, Mimulussf, - = 37 pectinacea, Eragostis — 32 pectinatac; -Citiara 442.23. 206 pedestris, Stenodynerus (Pa- ranistrocerus) —._____. 185, 186, 187 pelagica,.Chaetura. 130 iriindo. 2s. = 28h heed ies 130 Penstemon laevigatus ____._ 37 perfoliatum, Eupatorium __. 38 ALIAS Diy oO cee 34 perdistorta, Distorsio — 94, 95, 102 perijanus, Basileuterus tri- SAT EMRME Spo ooo ee Dae on 137, 138 perijanus, Picummus oliva- Gey ee < > Sas rs al eas oe ee * ; z hirer * tats ma ( eo say: * * r “uy ee i re } i ee : ¢ - ae ee aga) ays 7 = : i rr a ' } asf 4 { it . : . ‘ i “I ‘ . fi 4 reece eT - i. ht } vs ‘emi ‘ 7 utes ae sg fa score teal «41> t0)) ra ea AS iT ‘ , —? y ip calin’yRe act tape : ft : . > je }. ais 1 i Saag a ns , a hs ei ~ +. a at . a a t-. ak " . F > ye 2 + 4 os aa G ‘ Pe abieds sc cminiah, ete : oe - , < : sae ; ] ieee 5 - 4 r, , ” Pd ¥¢ te ) ™ Kee ee. ed ‘ pe td i 1 “ a tae & per ‘ i q ‘ i ‘ P Sa a | k yd we) 4 Pi ily % 7 IE sash Pata Ti wren “i - ee. | 4 dees ‘e " ; * bie. ¥ . 4 Pa . ri & - Spacers x sigs tearm rani 004 7187 Il