A Mak eu 1 a WAR HARI Ae
Pasa , ueee. it RE UROL x rue ant we wy \ vias ‘ah
4 te ybwte at 4 Wai Ye Cres ’ ’
Me ie ery Nae Ce ea ety ) Den i Y ‘
Patou y Wey 7
Ved a he
Haha
Weved eee Bey
unt yea ee hte : oy ' PRN eC MWe tert Peo th Ye We
ey ew: 4 eb’ VV Ie dae be RW iee
4 LE ee Rep
COLON DO a ee a ae
‘ vip Ew)
04.4000 ee
AY
‘
read
a4
Oe
bs Pat Ak) A
ate
“ted 4 f) ’
4 yh Coy CO eee a ee
ASA A etatstatitataty Nt arANO\ a Ney
Va tah eae ear ee eid q
\ a
REAM)
inches t
\ ’
er yA
Pe ks a SC Wn es Re a 8004
AE EA Rae RET A eee
vy we a vara
eo
aan)
tan wha be woel be eee
ee ee eae ' DAS Ee ke a ee ene
Yodan BRAG EE ree
«yaad eae ere sae ‘
Ye ’ ay hyawed! 4
ity SA AA UE KS
Sra Pa or en cen Poke rae i y
Vag ad ty Lene Ler eae ear " AL "
4 7 ay ae diay & a) ' Walt hs a
ny LAA: ? ’ ary Vala beet eed % vee ar on) nh VAD Deity “ito y A
WRC NO Wa te We Na Re ON We Me kg HAs te Bt heap HU, M ; ' % TA rss
Yoav eh anee aa aa ae a q i * bev eh he beted & 4 h \
’ ve i eae + 4 “ 4 7 of ‘ i) KA ANS +
Bait
} aaah
+ ;
were’ aa hs i) a > LA
CL a a
7 ?
Pay hd : yA RL bb ie alle he \ hey nt 8 hb wah -
y cn me in eee “ i ee eet - X ine ' Henal Ly At, iy a
Cys vay ’ Pea ead yi) ' sa bia : eaten
c De. Ks
Vane hte ple :
Ra! ; $ Vy 4 ’ sae “4
yoo Shae ut ; xe v4 Sa be 4, {ae "aiaey /
rhe »
ou oo i
May Wie
ery yay
hag) Jom
i
~ et Fe
AON. rat
Peis
i iD
ON. BAP gan de the!
yy MACE KANO 4 LA a hh, Atal
Vat ees a ‘ ay Cuca Ag ‘
POR TENN ¥ ;
eae nie AN
, Ace
; ‘t f i Aety A
t e
Ds
¥ 4 Et
A oe he
9%) ea
sito
arte
vou
Wh,
ye ht
bs
ey
fe
no AN
Wihencaedt'?
sea
ASS
art bet
Ae A
$8 AI) OS Lip Ne eR
KY pg ai BPI DA valk Vaawlesaa ite
4}
HH
aay
Aaa ot
Pigkety
wa
NS) :
an Mi Vahey hae ‘ ¥
i ee wit] varwasa Pao te ey
Ps VIVE ante * Vb x
i
a s
=
7 AS
NO ste cs Wau hates
ener sa Nat,
U he AB R88 03 oF Mess ye
Vb E oe . ‘i u
uy
ereeny
tases
eves,
pee
S
ae AY
Raley W'a'ata’y
Pe
VAs
Vail
ay ;
PMA,
LEARY
Tah
ra NEY ante} OMEN SEY
i ae ae DAR a
PCH TE TIL HR RON ee Cee a OO
AA RAAL VAL Shan enad ’ v% Mi iat pint
wie: Pea ase +4 f ‘ ky b (
evn rc Hey ih arc dew
yank
SOL et
ey
*
14) 3018
Viadana dal’
Cee Wah hi
mC) 1
IAN D
e iy
“a
‘ * wh * aS
‘ ‘ SUM OA KL)
A LAE ety Wa tiraen iaie)
) Wedd Gegee®
aya kek oe be we
4 if iyey phe!
=e
fs
Fy,
+ y
‘ ux % I ha SA
, 4 ae
Le eed 4 Wee Vay eh i is
yeu
==
=
'*.
i *
© Sera)
read
4
eS
ede
Bob teh pak
=
=
—_
ae
raed)
CURR Re} ‘
hid ‘ x Ay
VIVANT
CO A
We ee HC wy
+
PSe:
See
Fett:
seecee
r the)
Sawa 4 +44 ae) . * 4 thy soe b Ae vy pa ib
Pew eie be Scar eet : 4 <4: . OLE s i y re ee bap w weet
RM KRM eH Hy Wai ‘hoy ds UGA BANAL EY (> iy fateiviahes o
Sa a a 464804 000M COURS Ok MRT aN Pe eC) SOA ett Fee dee» 1 - NA a eds y rr
(MANE ME RECLAME RMA ENN Cit tor f ‘ x ‘ vides eens . J Y Artes Socue me %
‘ MU VAE AST LEROY LAS AT OA Oey bw tds br eR UA os Al: ah Aah phe Aly aay,
Nye is aT Thy NY ae ek y wae ¥ ‘ SCA a hic va ‘ * tre & “4 Y Wes peice crt its
; ¥ : ev ichs y! en) “ ATO NG " ete kre,
LEY MUD ew of = wh da! + fratas tlle
} *: iy ahs : dae ah dh
rae 4
tan 4 : has 4 : AAS: we
CA HAVA LEO, ‘ . ’ d ; iss
90 a a a ‘ 7 §
COE
i Mee
4
vena
Ce
eta
i
Maks
it ore
Wt
yates Nici . y
i Gy
la view
ah dune AN
P ,
CAPA ited ee Jd
y TW Ty
A
‘
4
}
pie if
il
My
M
ie hi My
sl. hi
ie hot a .
74 cn
Vleet
ft, |
M me
iN Pant,
i
We ahs ; Ti
nia ay Sil ‘ho i
ie ri i
; a
; vil hy bik)
Lives na t hn
t
TARA TE
: ¥ fi) iy |
i 7 if
vant j aly
f en tH i Hi am ry l -
Hh) i Oe Sanaa
ni hy Ni ue my i pel an
abet
f mei a
th Lane
my
nin rant
ne
ra
Pils
1
Wii
\
vie
ig Ten ata
Wy ren), AN H PED
Al Pdi
i, Wy
) iyi
Ail
ih fA
Ty f
ii
Ny
i ye ” ry
i
Mey
|."
oy Re RRL A AOR ih
RATHI Gin, DRL y! ie
Ai i ahh i hub }
be AIAAO NTT LT NEA) i a Van
i Wh : aii UJ ati A i
aah fal i me i fl fie
a i ra t ny ao mt ih TA
Le i
Wiegand Werk.
}
th
i iL
iy
i
ie
i
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
FOURTH SERIES
Vor. VI
1916 ; =
orm
- gasbbe
“em Sees.
SAN FRANCISCO
PUBLISHED BY THE ACADEMY
1916
COMMITTEE’ ONE PUBLICATION
GEORGE C. EDWARDS, Chairman
C. E. GRUNSKY BARTON WARREN EVERMANN, Editor
CONTENTS OF VOLUME VI.
Prates 1-17.
PAGE
TAG = ea Cig creer eas sc oan ence ae i ee SEAT a eto, i
GOMEeh tS heater acces, eee ee rete ae NR AU ee ere al a ene Oe ne ili
Eocene of the Lower Cowlitz River Valley, Washington..........-....2..------ 1
By Charles E. Weaver.
(Published May 6, 1916)
The Post-Eocene Formations of Western Washington.................::0:s0ce+0+-- 19
By Charles E. Weaver.
(Published May 6, 1916)
Whe Oligocene of Kitsap County, Washing tont....cc.cctctcccccsecceceeccsctoecuececceseee 41
By Charles E. Weaver.
(Published May 6, 1916)
The Pacific Coast Races of the Bewick Wrrett.u......cscsce-scssuccsscscssesoececosiee 53
By Harry S. Swarth.
(Published May 8, 1916)
Monograph of the North American Species of Orthotylus (Hemip-
(1G CET Ie aR eee ME RUSE ese 0 Le A 8&7
By Edward P. Van Duzee.
(Published May 8, 1916)
A, Catalogue and Host List of the Anoplura..2cies ooo ceccecccoccstoseseacce 129
By G. F. Ferris.
(Published May 12, 1916)
Four Species of Salamanders new to the State of California, with a
Description of Plethodon elongatus, a New Species, and Notes
BrGOtiely SalatihAnGerst-¢ ste... wk Se ee el ee 215
By John Van Denburgh.
(Published May 12, 1916)
Report of the President of the Academy for the Year 1916....................... 223
By C. E. Grunsky.
(Published June 23, 1917)
Report of the Director of the Museum for the Year 1916.00.00... 229
By Barton Warren Evermann.
(Published June 23, 1917)
July 6, 1918
Ny
Dn ey
ha
Hy ‘
os F a
| ‘
make We aut it ‘ao ena hat ‘ 5 AY
is What be A Ng BA ah 7
i fi ri ere a i i nN
4 | y } Seeman ua Citi Eh aie Lee Oa
ee
es cae fie
. afi
if
iI
at}
bit gout,
Ir} \ 4 Hh
A Pt
snsonian Instity,>
e CX
%> ¢
JUN 16 1916
Netiong Musev™
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
FourtH SERIES
Vor. VI, Nos. 1, 2and 3, pp. 1-52, pl. 1. May 6, 1916
I
Eocene of the Lower Cowlitz River Valley,
Washington
II
The Post-~ Eocene Formations of Western
Washington
III
The Oligocene of Kitsap County, Washington
BY
CuHarLes E. WEAVER
Assistant Professor of Geology, University of Washington, Seattle
SAN FRANCISCO
PUBLISHED BY THE ACADEMY
1916
COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION
GEORGE C. Epwarps, Chairman
' C. E, Grunsky BARTON WARREN EVERMANN, Edttor
THE HICKS-JUDD PRESS
SAN FRANCISCO
xensonian Instiz
oe “to,
JUN 16 1916
National Musev™
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
FourTH SERIES
Vor ViNo. Tapp: Wel? pl) t. May 6, 1916
I
EOCENE OF LOWER COWLITZ RIVER VALLEY,
WASHINGTON
BY
CuHarLes E. WEAVER
Assistant Professor of Geology, University of Washington, Seattle
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this paper is to place upon record the re-
sults of geologic and faunal studies made by the writer during
the past three years in portions of the lower Cowlitz River Val-
ley. The area under investigation is of special interest because
of the large number of exposures of Eocene strata and the ex-
ceptionally well preserved faunas contained within them.
Surface outcrops of Tertiary formations in western Wash-
ington are largely obscured because of the heavy overburden
of Pleistocene deposits. In King and Pierce counties much de-
tailed work has been done so that the lithology and structure
of the Eocene rocks is fairly well known.’ The strata in this
region are, however, almost entirely of estuarine origin, ren-
dering it impossible to make satisfactory correlations with the
Eocene of other parts of the Pacific Coast. Isolated outliers
of Eocene rocks occur in many localities such as Crescent Bay
1W illis, Bailey, and Smith, Geo. O., Tacoma Folio, U. S. Geol. Surv. 1899.
May 6, 1916
2 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
along the Strait of Juan de Fuca, the low hills about Tenino
and Centralia in Chehalis County and the exposures on Coal
Creek north of Columbia River in Cowlitz County. At these
localities only fragmentary sections of the Eocene column of
Washington can be studied. The region under discussion in
this paper contains the most complete fossiliferous marine sec-
tion occurring within the western portion of the state.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
One of the earliest important scientific references to the
geologic conditions in this region is to be found in the report
by Dr. Ralph Arnold’ on “The Tertiary and Quaternary Pec-
tens of California.” He described Pecten landesi from this
area. The following quotation is well worth noting: “P.
landesi is found quite abundantly in a dark greenish sandstone
bed that outcrops about 100 yards west of the junction of Still-
water and Olequah creeks (U.S. Nat. Mus. locality 4019) one-
fourth mile southwest of Little Falls, Lewis County, Wash. It
is also found in a similar matrix in the bed of Olequah Creek
(U. S. Nat. Mus. locality 4024), one mile north of the first
locality. It is associated in this formation with a characteristic
Eocene fauna, among which are the following species: Veneri-
cardia planicosta Lamarck, Thracia dilleri Dall, Crassatellites
sp., Meretrix sp., Ostrea sp., Pteria (cf.) limula Conrad, Car-
dium 2 sp., Barbatia sp., Glycimeris sp., Corbula sp., Callista
sp., Turritella (cf.) uvasana Conrad, Fusus 4 sp., Ocinebra
sp., Ranella sp., Calyptrophorus sp., Lunatia sp., Turbinella
(?) sp., Murex 2 sp., Conus sp., Cassis sp., Tritonium sp.,
Dentalium (cf.) cooperi Gabb, and Nautilus sp. This horizon
is probably upper Eocene, possibly above the Tejon.” Dr. Ar-
nold’s suggestion that this horizon is very high in the Eocene
seems to be well in accord with more recent studies.
The Geology and Paleontology of this area is discussed in
a paper by the writer® published in 1912. A large fauna was
noted as occurring along the banks of Cowlitz River about one
2Arnold, Ree The Tertiary and paste: nary Pectens of California. Professional
Paper 47, U. Geol. Surv., p. 52, 1906
8Weaver, ra 1 Dea N Preliminary Report on the Tertiary Palaeontology of Western
Washington,” Bull. 15, Wash. Geol. Surv., pp. 12-15, 1912.
Vor. VI) WEAVER—EOCENE OF LOWER COWLITZ VALLEY 3
and one-half miles east of the town of Vader in Lewis County.
Many new species of mollusks were described and the fauna as a
whole was referred to the Cowlitz formation which was re-
garded as of Eocene age and possibly older than the Tejon. A
suggestion was, however, made that future studies might show
that it was identical with the Tejon.
A further discussion of this region is to be found in a report
by Arnold and Hannibal* on “The Marine Tertiary Strati-
graphy of the North Pacific Coast of America.” In
this paper the Tejon is divided into three formations: the Che-
halis, Olequah and Arago formations. They are referred to
as the Tejon Series. The Chehalis and Olequah formations
are present in the region involved in this report. The Arago
is absent. On the basis of fossil floras colder climatic condi-
tions obtained during the deposition of the Chehalis formation
than during that of the Olequah.
During the last year an important paper appeared by Dr.
Roy E. Dickerson’ entitled the “Fauna of the Type Tejon: Its
Relation to the Cowlitz Phase of the Tejon Group of Washing-
ton.”’ Collections were made and studied from certain locali-
ties along the Cowlitz River and a number of new species were
described. A total of 95 species are listed from Washington
and 55 of these are found within the Tejon of California. The
paper gives the results of studies at the type Tejon locality
in southern California and makes correlations with the Cowlitz
phase of the Tejon in Washington. He states “The Cowlitz
phase of the Tejon of Washington appears to represent the
same faunal facies as the fauna of the type Tejon, 1. e., the
Rimella simplex zone is present in both localities.”
GEOGRAPHY OF AREA UNDER INVESTIGATION
The region involved in this study is situated in southern
Lewis County and extends from the town of Winlock southerly
for a distance of fifteen miles to the town of Castle Rock. From
east to west the area averages five miles in width. Just east
*Arnold, Ralph, and Hannibal, Harold, The Marine Tertiary Stratigraphy of the
North Pacific Coast of America, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. 52, pp. 566-571, 1913.
5Dickerson, R. E., ‘Fauna of the Type Tejon: Its Relation to the Cowlitz Phase
of ae ioe Group of Washington,” Cal. Acad. Sci. Proc., 4th series, vol. 5, pp.
4 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
of the town of Vader (formerly known as Little Falls and So-
penah) the Cowlitz River swings from its east-west course
and assumes a due north-south direction. One mile south
of Vader, Stillwater Creek enters Cowlitz River and about one-
fourth mile south of the town, Olequah Creek joins Stillwater
Creek. From this point Olequah Creek extends almost due
north to Winlock. The Northern Pacific Railway between
Portland and Seattle follows the valley of this creek.
The drainage of the entire area is southerly to the Colum-
bia and the hills on either side rise gradually into a rolling tim-
bered country. Eocene strata away from the banks of the
creeks are not exposed but are covered with gravels and sands
formerly deposited by Cowlitz River.
STRATIGRAPHY
In the examination of this region a transit survey was made
of Stillwater and Olequah creeks and the position of all fossil
localities as well as observations taken upon strikes and dips
definitely located. These data have been plotted upon the map
accompanying this report.
Between the towns of Castle Rock and Olequah only four
exposures of Eocene strata are known to occur. They consist
of dark gray, sandy shales with intercallated basaltic flows.
Two miles north of Castle Rock and 2,000 feet south of the
Northern Pacific Railway bridge over Toutle River, there is
an exposure in the railway cut composed of bedded tuffaceous
materials together with sedimentary deposits of worked over
basalt. These beds have a strike of N. 75° E. and a dip of
5° N. W. They are overlaid with Pleistocene deposits com-
posed of sand and gravel intermixed with angular fragments
of basalt, which appear to have been derived by rapid erosion
from nearby bluffs of Eocene basalt.
From this point northerly for a distance of two miles the
only exposures along the railway consist of Pleistocene grav-
els and sands. One and two-thirds miles north of the Toutle
River bridge Eocene rock outcrops occur for a distance of 450
feet. The bluffs at this point are about 60 feet high and con-
Vor. VI] WEAVER—EOCENE OF LOWER COWLITZ VALLEY 5
sist of thinly bedded, fine-grained, dark brown shale contain-
ing a few narrow bands of sandstone. The total thickness of
the sediments at this point is about 75 feet. They are overlaid
with 35 feet of black basalt showing well defined columnar
jointing. Both the sedimentaries and lavas have a strike of
N. 80° E. and a dip of 10° to the N. W.
About one-half mile south of the railway bridge across Cow-
litz River there is a third exposure of Eocene basalt but no
sedimentary rocks. The lower portion of the bluff is made up
of agglomeratic materials consisting of a heterogeneous mass
of angular fragments of badly weathered, dense and vesicular
basalt having a thickness of 20 feet. Above this is a flow of
fine grained, dense, black basalt exhibiting a tendency to col-
umnar structure. The approximate strike of these flows is
nearly east and west with a low dip to the north. The eroded
surface of this outcrop is overlaid with Pleistocene sands and
gravels.
One-half mile north of the previously mentioned outcrop,
and along the south bank of Cowlitz River at the railway
bridge, basalts and sedimentary rocks again appear. At the
south end of the bridge and along the river there is a quarry
composed of basalt exhibiting pronounced columnar structure.
Lying conformably below the basalts are dark shales and brown
sandstones, which in places contain narrow carbonaceous
bands. They are about 60 feet in thickness with a strike of
N. 35° W. and a dip of 10° to the N. E. From this point
northward to the town of Olequah no recognizable exposures
of the Eocene occur.
At one of the above mentioned localities a single speci-
men of Turritella uvasana Conrad was collected, but aside from
this, the only fossils occurring are a few plant fragments
and wood. From observations taken upon strike and dip there
appears to be a continuous low dipping series of sedimentary
beds with intercallated basaltic flows extending from Castle
Rock to Olequah. However, it is possible that there may be
folding and faulting in the intervening covered areas. If the
strata are continuously dipping northward they possess a thick-
ness of at least 6000 feet. From Olequah northward to Win-
lock, where the strata are better exposed, a stratigraphic sec-
6 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES {Proc. 47H Ser.
tion can be made. The sediments in the area between Castle
Rock and Olequah are stratigraphically below those outcrop-
ping between Olequah and Winlock.
Section between Olequah and Winlock :—Strata of Eocene
age outcrop in the banks of Olequah and Stillwater creeks and
also along the railway track at many places between Olequah
and Winlock. They consist predominately of massive, sandy,
clay shales together with grayish brown sandstones contain-
ing carbonaceous seams. These materials are of marine, brack-
ish and fresh water origin. With the exception of the basal
portion of this section, basaltic flows are absent. The basal
part involves certain sandstones and basalts outcropping at the
town of Olequah. The upper portion of the section is two
miles south of the town of Winlock. The actual contact of the
upper limit of the Tejon and the overlying Oligocene has not
been definitely determined. Four hundred feet south of the
last Oligocene outcrop in the banks of Olequah Creek are
Eocene shales containing a marine Tejon fauna. It is impos-
sible to say whether the two formations are conformable or
not. The strata have approximately the same strike, but the
dip of the Oligocene is only 2° to the northeast, while that of
the Tejon is 27° in the same direction. It is possible that the
two formations are conformable but that in the interval of 400
feet between them the dip flattens out.
The lower portion of this section as exposed along Still-
water Creek to the southwest of Vader and as far south as Ole-
quah is of marine origin. Stratigraphically above, these strata
grade into those of brackish water origin and finally into those
containing a freshwater fauna. Still higher up in the section
they pass back to a brackish water condition and finally to
marine. The entire upper portion of the section is a marine
deposit. The total thickness of the Eocene section, as meas-
ured from Olequah to Winlock, is approximately 4970 feet.
The following stratigraphic section shows approximately
the variations in the lithologic character of the sediments from
the base to the top, including a part of the overlying Oligocene.
Vor. VI) WEAVER—EOCENE OF LOWER COWLITZ VALLEY
Top oF SECTION
Banded sandstone and shale as exposed at the town of Winlock
and in the banks of Olequah Creek to the west and northwest
of town. The fauna occurring at Locality No. 229 is charac-
LELISHES Of sthIS “ZONE, s Lieb sel sfore wie oers are ais eteteher eel ener ea alae ahi uat at «
Massive clay shale grading in places into sandy shale as exposed
along the banks of Olequah Creek south of Winlock and also
in the bank of Cowlitz River in Section 5, Township 11 North,
Range 2 West, at fossil Locality No. 239 (locally known as the
Graeco Ranch). This is the base of the Oligocene in this
RESTON MRNA CT ete eareesiaeete eats cravseeee oe Ticis ciolets soe sale ate Aare de ae
Top of Eocene section. Chiefly sandy shale grading into massive
clay shale of a dark brownish gray color. Exposures repre-
senting this phase are not very abundant but contain occa-
sional specimens of Venericardia planicosta Lamarck and Tur-
HALCUORUUAS ONG CONTAC a We aiers etsiereya a ietoisteleleloicierercl aleie/ste) denote eet als
SSE ype SeLTNCES COMIC tel acer chats fav al dcicraie aterd chateraje lees cic teravasiay signers: w late Sidney eatin
Sli litl wy Hamed SANG SHALOC s.erere(ajsiclerers sicin's Cict As aie rece/ar vis ate silk a) ¥ siena
Slightly carbosaceous, sandy shale vty cic.4..c.s vein leve ave oo nieis «ieee slays
Sariclivaus Walle in savcscicterspers rouse ccievercicrers, sole (oiel ovetavsistaehelmietele Wystotels) ojeieyaaholegee
aminated sandstone and'isandy shales. 44.20.2211 -sieesdee cee.
Shale, slightly sandy. The upper part of this zone contains an
abundant marine) lejone talinal).e seen. can ce aieeiceeieeeinen
Massive clay shale containing the fauna at Localities Nos. 1, la,
232 and 233, in the north bank of Cowlitz River, Section 25,
Township il) Northy Range: 2 Wests si. Caen). glee cicie warts sacle
Sandy clay shale. This is the base of the upper marine division of
CHM SCCHI OME Se aor eich ce heh ofan oleic js teveterey ove eis tobe perpen tetoce ake caotah ste
Brackish water zone. Yellowish brown sandstone with interbedded
lignitic layers. These sandstones often grade into carbonace-
OUS HSA ya SIAlSStrsjatel sy korea ove) a stevslovale sie arc AUMtarer aero eyarelover theta ereiars
Freshwater zone. Light gray massive clay shale, containing numer-
ous freshwater Eocene invertebrates. Fossil Localities Nos.
205 and o00, Occur in. these, Shales... s/s uenld temeeectiaaiases s
Lower brackish water zone. Sandy shales and shaly sandstones
often grading into brownish yellow coarse grained sandstones.
All are more or less carbonaceous. Fossil Localities Nos.
Zal, 204 anid. 300 oceir within this: zone. c.,<)cae dare ae sioss sins
Lower marine zone. Sandy clay shales grading into shaly sand-
stones. Fossil Localities Nos. 240, 240b, 299, 241, 238, 301,
236, 298, 294 and 294a occur within this zone. The basal por-
tion of this belt contains a few very narrow layers of brackish
water sediments. Below this belt no detailed measurements of
the strata have been made. The underlying strata are those in-
volved in the area between Castle Rock and Olequah. Just
below the base of these marine beds, flows of basalt and de-
posits of basaltic tuff are intercallated with the sediments,
which appear to be predominatingly of brackish water origin. .
Total thickness of measured strata between Olequah and Win-
| (oe) cea ee pera inrane yt At Aes AE SOREN PSPS ih B's ta fo Nee Re
Possible thickness of unmeasured strata involved in area between
Castle Rock and Olequah.. 25: cme gee oe Gas wo ea is sine ves we
Possible total thickness of Eocene as exposed in the lower Cow-
Wea Via ley: SCHON: io arin ovis! dat Auten wale adem aia ea ttbid «pote ahs wid ©
Feet
500
520
130
550
be CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
STRUCTURE
The entire series of Oligocene and Eocene deposits involved
in this region exists in the form of a northeasterly low dipping
monocline. It is probably the southwestern limb of a broad
syncline, the northeastern limb of which occurs in the region
around Chehalis and Centralia. There are minor undulations
in the northeasterly pitch of the strata between Olequah and
Winlock. In the vicinity of Vader a low, shallow anticline has
been developed whose axis trends N. 30° W. It crosses Ole-
quah Creek one-half mile north of Vader. The strata on the
north side of this minor fold dip to the northeast at an angle
of 40° and on the southwest side at an angle of 15°. One thou-
sand feet south of the axis of the minor anticline there is a
shallow syncline having approximately the same trend as the
anticline. At the point where the axis of the anticline crosses
Olequah Creek the same marine strata are brought to the sur-
face which occur to the southwest of Vader along Stillwater
Creek above its junction with Olequah Creek.
A glance at the map accompanying the report indicates
several apparent discordances in strike and dip in the vicinity
of Olequah. It might be inferred that the strata had been
greatly disturbed and faulted. However, such is not the case.
There are simply minor undulations in strike and dip along the
prevailing direction of strike. The variations as shown upon
the map were inserted for the purpose of emphasizing these
irregularities.
FAUNAL RELATIONS
In constructing the stratigraphic section accompanying this
paper an attempt was made to arrange the fossil localities in
their stratigraphic sequence. The following localities range
from the base near Olequah to the upper portion of the sec-
tion near Winlock: Localities Nos. 299, 5, 236, 298, 294,
294 a 24l 2358, 301,231, 234, 300) 295-1, 1a 23252339) Zao.
292 and 229.
Localities 299 to 301 contain a marine fauna. Localities
231 to 300 contain a brackish water fauna. Localities 295
and 303 contain a freshwater fauna. Localities Nos. 1 to 233
PROC. CAL. ACAD. SCI., 4th Series, Vol. VI. [WEAVER] Plate 1
Le
OLIGCCE
FOSS!
ay :
7 a a
> a] in
n ih blag
Pe nee
\
ALNNOS
ALNNOS
and Winlock.
along Cowlitz River between Olequah
Sketch Map showing structural conditions
as a
genie
at te eR
) hat Mee i
a
fore
4 x oe eee eve. e/e/6lsia's 6)6 6610 s)s)6 5.0 ¢1as0 w 0) 68 els w vibe (qqey) SN4DUAO Snjompoyy
Cevefocccfocesteceefescrleceelesnclecscleses x x Oa facet Reel! nec [eeinn!| Icio Mees, Nee eee pee eed a are DOGG OR NO ole WINa Rey) Sey
ceeedeoes tee “Qqexy) DIu0] XtAJasapy
Jal ehe2 (50.00! boGa|bucondoo” COOK nuOOUobOUNMOUDOndGDOONCOUE qqex) tusoy xijasay
See Sa eis |lsiaelsl| [elelelerel eer afore reir cslefelaisiere efeleveretsietelstete cieteiee
Sivi0re) f(exeve\eii}eie.sie)|\s)/6 61 8|[|s\exe!¢e (610/978 08 6a) 6 pl 6ip (siete bis! ele «lee ielpreveln elatelel els) e
x
Sis [pausien | emesis toeexerl| ckezedl|(eXereve!|fecolsroj| fos neal atela¥e|l/=setaVal| (enetewell elven! | coteter toveestall tel ane | etenerensnr ct ceslcreveretononstiats sacri one ee earnest UOSIOHSIC S1Suadapoa DparT
2 || $2 |lacodlooucilanoo|lhacd|jocoo|lausolloono|logoulluoor vel] Sve ll Sve Gods lngoovodcpuUEagoOoouLOUnOGouuaonn escanoudd: peszu0s 19903 vpa7z
x
x . . x ual we Sermons (eian cet lime carl ome e HPAP Re Ress) ehexel i\elereke) | rsitelerer||a:reis ell eiv.we||lereue: 4} 'u imi mr =| [to] efaitell tel elel el e.e aes) olelelal eielatsle’
antteta ibecetere KM pr] K Pocecfec ede eec[e ce ede ee efeees x xX xX Dee [resp esse] ates ere ese escecssis ete eres eee e+ sag Aug aA” SSiORISMOD. SIHOIDSSDI)
reel yg x x Sea ihre csee themeieney| saoser=|fletedene]| fekaxene.| eitekoy nil ieiierece lt sro) eicol tatniofies| Voret exel| Voi(oivexes| fee: eel hovel s] ell (anatane euckelsh oieneteteretereteieie wai gneve, omni atetoroisne (qqes) stpunsd sazinaznssn4
errar one tags! Iotaterel fave eich ihe oi ayehereillavere ce x x ST FF OY (OS OI OIE en ie au Ren “Vey acre ti Tories Ere pis)
erate 'oseo eee rece iets Sé ||o00| [ooo ogGol loioa| In Sto! (oc.col |oo aa] loool ao.g) loool eo lsooolmoralloooe erie Delete eich BO Wiehe te kg ere mate ot edore ge ene Neterne) eee ney ‘nynq4o)
x x SC | etetetell okey are! | foxekelsi| sire |teorere\||olecerolfler~ sve ote'a) sills ecerel|'srereie x SO Ui otahedf elesetalelicne)avsiers e1eleivrel oceretolelotetersisiele\elsjoieletelereteieiele qqey ttusoy Djnquoy
52 Iai 100] Ibo] IOI Oo) (Sono Io-oidig] jeicioig) Ieisioio) lecins) acc x x ae a oe yn OOo (DOUG GOO OOO DCIS Snnn nici aiciirion IOAvAM SisudyDnbIJO wnrpAD
see x x
x x x eee ele reel en eetever x x x x x sew elenee x x suelene? Wels elecera 6c) 41018) «191 (¢.eXu sel a’ ula elerelelsiy sib erslielw qqey 19S AOU Dupqapg
Cs oneal cece rary x SE || one [oem | al ee tall ia ne Rte Waa dia) (AM le Ratan aaa OL UNO OC. s/T5 6 leer rit Tayi ty ya
@oee x sae x x SOPOT Diol fea) (O00! Fd C0) sO 08 Ti Gi| FO0IG S/].e ce eu) i Vevere e:)/ 31a. 0)6\f}ere_s¥)l\e)s)e'6il\ele eles) 0) s)e'ui si bis 6 srs) ea) sls \e »)etaite slp) elere sre JOARIM SISUIUOJZULYSDM DIP
VaOdAOUTaAd
veccleces sé, |looaa|| <-e ei loiees leetealimedl ecci|Se ghia: Ate c(i Picci |e |e nian ae cI ae Gisele Pe leretele Sin Reg RDINOLS MSHS DOT DIEM LU8 17
VdOdOIHOVUE
OFZ | €€7| ZET| ST TE | $62 | OO | Ez | Tez} TOE | SEZ | THz |eF6Z] FOZ | BET} ET) S | OET| tee e eee eee ees AyeOO'T
a ee ee ee ee en ea ee
TE ee
SLSIT ‘IVNAVY
[Proc. 4TH Ser.
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
12
es ee ed eee es ee es es ee ee od ee ce
XXXXXXXKX
x
coor ooo eee eee ee ee eee -
OFZ | £7 | TET] BT | T | $6Z| OOE | FEZ | Tez | TOE | BET | THZ |PF67Z| F6Z | 86Z | 9EZ
zip aisil alter Yetel lelfe'"ai | s\eiolel« s\a.0) eat Aldi s didcaude a sieiglaleiteeaetelalaate qqey uusoy snuoa
as tara|\aheuduetane bean dle a\a'atae aia sitiaia te paets neat arate UOsIayIIC wiasad snavyjuny
eleis nja'sip # © a\p «ein dina ce #018 312\0;8,6\p.4 010 aie leis cee qqey 101509 DuYy21)K>
Cs ee saioads Mou ‘pnpidasy
sei sisillelstal sia) oie) sank lelinss eVekn laxelei> rola stats alo leieiai ate Velfeke qqeg unand vinpidasd
“***(Qqex)) DItAUaIxa DaDAGMDD
“**IBABOM 144019 Sndurydskyrpag
a otes siple Mu stenai en eke ie TBACIM SISUdZIYMOI DsSAng
i aad fee sss ao IBDAEDM DUDIMOIZUIYSOM DsAng
uueYy ® ‘Uly Sisuaypnbajo snxojquy
shale so\oral aipia\e\ae!o\e)sjelelaaial ss sinielvis aoe ste! # sire JaAvay, 121944 DUDUY
Ce ee
ee ee Oe Oe ee «le Ce es ee ee JaAvaM ipspyond vsstyquy
eevoteesseseeseeseseeoeeeereeeaesset eevee ee JBABIM p91u9I04 DSSIygue Vv
Om 2) 06,0" 0) 2 9100.0 44 PLO 2, 0 16id iA hyp pie aa ee Oe (peiu0>) DIDaYyo sisqdosnDUuy
VaoOdOUuAaLsvo
Cee gfe reer scenes snes asssesesssseessesessesse (qqed) snqisng sninpog
Cece fe reer ser sesre sere sesessesosersesce qqey UNIUVUDAS uUnYyDojUuad
VYdOdOHdVOS
San (QGe) MusoYy DISOIIUDIg DIPsDILAIUa A
ee ee uuepyy R “uly DIYWIDESUDA omy)
eee e rere reese ewes eres ee eseeseeesnseeeeeeeeeeeeFeeeseeees ds ‘opasa [
| Coie Bille 0 66 w 64. 9'6.0 0106.68 9.6 96.94.0640 6 8 ae 09.6 6:86 0 p08 Os qqry MU s0Y Dunya L,
wise [atoa lace re ie Kel aval nant [STeheT Aiasieivietaereboie pldia lara rave a ssOs qqey Divo] pupa y
Ce ee eq 149]]1p DIIDAY J,
ec eele sere c eee eecee scr ececasecssseesecrsses I2APIM S1SUBUJOIUY] uajoS
ov CP eee se rere s esate sete sarsraeseserssesere qgey snjayjpsng uajos
ee qqesy SNUOIOYIIp +afydas
eee e ere cer ese re ses eres esesessreosscssesves uosiayxvICT yoqnip ajaulas
Ache er. Waray toe ee Mar PO ee ey ee ena aia ee ae ee (qqr5)) MUAY DIQOUWUDS J
Cs Ce ee ee ee it IBAZIM $1SU92Z414MN09 UuaIag
ee ee a oe 7 IBAEAM sisuayonbajo DADAISE)
Cees ee ee qqey SISUBDLAPL DIDASO
—_—
(quo) )—SLST] 71
VNOVY
13
WEAVER—EOCENE OF LOWER COWLITZ VALLEY
Vou. VI]
NaS... a
“+ ToAvaM sya DiuDjapy
peal Boe oc! Ike! octd Inigo obo aacn| isos cnt tresa| coral cca Staal leroacrse Gecko coe ce oles eee WOSI9ANI stsuIuepoa vsuvjazy
SASK S, | ey Sie'e es) lieve Slecelmy a) 61 aia) ale, wre lee Ni ew erates w.e/etetsral aie qqey SnID]]tUDUL SnILT
SLES LW Hey Sirqiaray aera e 16 wl uu? se ejekele\ eis Wiel o elerenerarelctate i (1ado009) Dupisu1ysag pyixy
Bo | EASES SA eel FS Pe ie OO IOC) ae. Cool (cntol Micmac (eo acne y nO AEEGOIG arc beh eine ee NTS JOABOM 140S49y91p Dying
BES" Seen eee a) | CUS) See) ICID Sci IO.ooo) oer ioc Kas neil [>on COE Oem mtr Goin oe Gi aie aes eae qqey) ttpuowas snuo>
_ "ee
(quo) )—SsIsI] IvNaAVY
{Proc. 4TH SER.
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
14
x
x
x
OFZ | CE7| TET] PT
availlebarers||foimtwcnl | (avanale!|iakeiiele||eienee:ste! oy 01e)) asta) (uct baa eer
eels Bem leer eal uerenealineeee| Pe Alon seal ee al oes cea eee
free | seeetn|neeetia[een cafes cele 2.124 cael exceeds ctecel ae cee alts roe all ea] Somes
aire (iaeee! (ieee Cree eee eens beeen Coreen Renee) Gareee) bese =
ed ee perce ocr eee pee Conor eens rere Breese .
ania aie eee Creer cee eee ree Cees bees Eee isl Eade
SIC] aioe eee ees eee Certs ee ceeefeececlieceeseeel So foie
cA eect) Mena hanes Mout 2 0 [a a] esebod facnont eek eaten
Spel ane val eatot Gotten Sel carters lee coal sternal seen a eee
See dll eee laseteclesies t peed ee oe eee eee eae eleaaat:
Scio eakee val (ease eset al ee 3h [Pecos aeiyeco [occas econ |ocagcrt| a540 (kes
eheaees | eer | ected loses | omcernegs | cael ecules call ta cenal eect ceee
Peas Gesa eal ctrl wee sens Sai [nate state le ecid| cate ad leet eed erin Sos
ated Popes eae relieve d| serten| Seam paee oiler att nnetin a, S
men ee PA ee meer Whee erent tee alle ped eel eae pemee | ce te e
sae Ree ae: | [becticn||Perctn|) =e: abana fpovdad||enoend ieoasar te x
3 = > 4 &
es [fs Ke ee Q > & as ° Bs
Pau 5 ies} i) n
BEG) E lee lee) F | o8 | 2 BES! F |yhs| yee] yd>
oe | 8 iS} = LS =} =H
a (55) © [see /28s) 2 |e.) 2 lees] £ [eseee 22
ee eed es lea 5 BS Beslece
5 3 2.
gu0Z
stsuaiozi0d
eyeyuun 5
au0z
stsuoujoouly
snioydodojoyy
)
stotarwiasya “sre tecs econeveveb ayes ole PeIU0g Dyas DMOIDIY
edaerevevsl| sreiatecwiel erates ereretsle laine PeIUOD sisuaucse40 DDEDIV
Tortsstss ss eq sesuasangs;i1d p1s11)02049D VY
Dieta caeelel|Catetatsveyey sie: severe: enetonestencreie uosiapuy t4ausy70 DpaT
eheifei| ele teyeVoretexe:ehelorsretetel say elerelsne te Peiuo0g Djt1uad vpaT
mene: stout eke, (ele evans falevonevelelonoteneieretie Wed. 19908 szza119644)
erravfoiiohexe\| ay oueifaicene} ie, suate tell ia ieyers w¥everasereleselote toners pesuoy s4j1and vjuopordig
abl Aish ar TOACIM DUDIUOJZULIYSDM DKMOIGLAD
cya, had gan ye eae ee Il’q Stsuauosas0 DAmoj}gkAD
Bie) eau ase IdAPAM SIsuazj4yMoI $aj17]aJDSSDAD
eer ey JBAVIM DUDIUOJIULYSDM $3]11]9]DSSDAD
ime seein ie Ciae Weds TLIO TaAvaM Sisuadajsog DIJaUuaay
ape tear ga OD IOACIM SISUIJADIYIDI aUu01YyD
Pies elt s¥oltels etal e Pore onerene pe1u0) vutpaadsaa auory
Gio) ele) oie 016 «6 ee) 9:6) oie ave uBsvoy papigukjo auory)
ae i vember ee Seana UesvaY Sisuawmnyp]I auoryy
pr pmak enema pak so TDAPIM SISUIOUDSAJUOM auo1YD)
De pane OO C.C IDABIM StSuastDYyaYy? auo1yy
ake (ecctoreloleletonstelheraraveReeeere eq v1djn251q auoryy
Siejstesteretoleyaralans yeyere tere (prewmyg) stanzas auory)
Diesiav eile teveletlekerereistensters qqey wnupsieyaam wntpan>
aes ee oe SD ploury stisuasosanbpa wnipapy
Spr eicredassraverdlonenoreeciep neni Il@q. asuasoo2 wnipan>
Liki ae TSACIM SISUuaujOIUy wmntipédy
Sates age pane eg plouly unupzuaso] uwntpavaD
Highest wale ae) eS JUOUISEG) DUDKadIJUOUW DIAY
Misindelese’ sl ataleieishstavsreietehtce pesu0d Dpau‘t4 DIAy
a we ake PPIUOD DIDjSOIQNS DimMoUuy
Pie ea aa era CNY uesvay Sisuadangskyas py
sirneieretells) selsy sae atieyalaeieielehones yoo N Ippauos opy
VqaoOdAOUTdd
NOLONIHSVAA N&UALSHA\ Os aTdvV[ IVNOVA Nola ]-Lsog
[Proc. 4TH Ser.
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
36
PMOMON AOI Cac SIN IOILIO AIGnL Dn ENO | CELERON OSCRORI IAIN) [PRORSIONOIO] GICICEOIOIG |GIONOSOICNLN| EUECEONOTOaD x epee johl| erste l= very slayer |u| *|| herria ened elect eS AAS ESBOUDSIIUOUL LO 1IIUIS
wie! ofeiune)|isieeleualell\'sjsxersle\o}|re's ee el's\|(1aza)als's]|\e «eels 0'|\e sie is/0/ni|\e1¢ 10 cals e|[\*je\s) nls) ei] oyeiei see x Tee eel eee eel eee eesl eres eal eeeee sees es ss TOABaMN SSaPUD] UNIPADIOPNIS 7
ores) ove ay| el ojlslienaile x tice eae | eee nes x aifetaieuepal|{ellerayelioye!|tal(eloreieie:|teelieistere x rete ele eseeslecereeleceecclecereeces s+ +snugUIay 19qD3 WNIpADIOpNasT
aleterolate)|{ojeie(ecois||ceferecetacel| ofeleiavalle;|(eta\els cis} |(euakertae.o]|ie16.ss/e)6|[etele eles} |\ere\s) ore) 0)|/06 6: stone) lie eKeleile\e x Peete el eet eet eee eslecesrsssesesssTQABOMN SESUaUIUUDYIOID 9199
eee eel e were after eee ela ress sfeerresleeseseloerssesi|ereeasieseees| cosas x eee eee BDO SOO OOOO SOU CVE CUE VERONA PEELED p
S/o | NODES C13] CRE OnCHCIG Ox OID IOIO LECO ENC C qqey tupyyrag 19429 g
eeeesnetoe rere rtoeeeeeteereeeetesreecesto se eeeisesesnvteeeerertpoeeeeeetsesresstiseeseens x Cheleesele eee eee ee eee shskevoh el sheseiciis) sh] 2822) s50/ ek OUD WmSMUDINatlaloa 7
AICICICIOICH (OICICICECEG| RORCHCHONCECY RCECIC EC ECICY (ORCC nC ici x Copetety.0' x Cee irs Cn fc err ay x DIST 5|) 0010 01bn) O00 015 POO OOOO MOS OUOI oT shiaolay Crypt bailey leh EP UE Ds
Sustele rate] isyexeheleei|is\ejevalers\lersselascte:|(elleleleinie x eva Tajeiié..e]|Pavairanse) 6||('exeaielene(|\sl(exe!e) ers x see eeepc ees el eee ee els ceeselerseeeseceeeeessssnipumYyg s#su9soo0? u3199q
> ie | IR OIOG SC isreresons)| exskecessz- SC | edssomnien cll esa olsles tskekenkoehs x Saal frarokelere lf exeleharee| Reales pancel\ levee oh |icctategstsxenchebecerenetoncazhs SOADDY SNIDINUUD saplozDYy T
milelolielelailiane! sishelal|iexeiens.e\sifiecsiiave ae|cetece ses) |\ eles! oiere!|ls eiecb es x OO CeO) Od (Own) Or x x x 4 auecetevers DOGS EOI 05711990} 9)) SNIDIULIYNID sap1ogmDYy T
sie fais)eis;| vie jeieiets)|\vi05ehele\9}| elakeaie-6 x ereteroxenel|lalakershartel lieseiedun eal |tolrsifexaneyralllehelenetae!|tojevecsisiel|fexevaietene!{ceekelehe (all TereceKeasi x wis sisceieie ele shes ini sinarieie “i TQABO/AN 411 DD» DIADIST.
x x K forcesefectees Ke fetes Se (On x Cia ana tieeke x NOS aveiiereseis she aR en pele peice e ieee: (p[noy)) Dsosauas adoung
50-2 (Onagn] (OGacO IOnDn IntOrbi tcnicy icnionin (Cio Sonor Icio 2 Sonor iGo Conn ros 520i ates ob Ogho- oop moo ono boon qqey 12y21pa0 vavajsC
ea shcitetanes | talctenan ace | loner aienane|linzelegeronei|tsusletevexs'|eleiesy aka |hcretecsverel|levareuereun x 80:8 6) wei]la: ee ove.e)[\e 6.8: wre-0f eee «soil 0s 016 0» x Domenie dese eensesecegBxy SISuanIADS DADS)
cece ele eee ele renee x Trstesssss ss TQABIM SISUAUOITULYSDAL DININN
GlOICIgIOnS (OICICICIONG) (ONCECICICNC! ICICICIOR IC] (CECECECIONS ICiCiC RCI) (MIPEAEAIENn (CECIC RC ENEC ECiCiCRCECICN ICICI EC ECHO! NCmC mr icin x Pe eieicie| ele eb el eee eee accesses es inti 8° DOU sp) DINAN,
Pewee ele ree wef e rere efor eww ele meee ele rere el een n nels tere t[ereen ete see er[esaneclereeesl eenves x x FeseesreeeesssDroury stsuastDyays D1911DIT
be Gia aC ICO AEC POE CERO HEM EL eda red snqpyfur Snjorpo py
SM fetes: Soe tl susbeneda rai tehexeretares|jsneteiecei|{s:auereee){|eleueliial Wie | |pordos inno eal lacton. Se | DOU: Kekcibi.o| Po mao rina bod aap Ted Snjaarp snjorpo yy
OPO Oi) On) CWCIEDY [UPN iy ae beat Yat) bal SEC Yat Yet Wa are] [TK Eat Tet Wer at Ty tit ik foot Vo MT STL a Sr yer ey Jor nl (er eC et kat at Sy (St Ce et Sit Ty eC RC IE al J) CR at Vat aC eC Oe Dost et St DAL aC x @ cars eles eee wee Sree se lesa ole niet neg ents seer eet tis eae o eS uUee SUT eC
CEOICECIONO! (OICICICIOIG) (ORCIOIONCRG! [CICICEOICNC! |OlCICECEECn IniCECICICNG) (AEM IPETEINy! IOECICNCEONGY NOEOECECECEO! HOICICIGECEO! IEC ECR iCnC ICECICICRCIG x tree el cesses eres nneee ss -IQABa AN SESUaYssUOoYoUs SNe
Cec orefencecs|ecencelenevecvieccens x Rusistaneiel|hevenshal evel [sinvanenavell|alatelatreie x siasteyeis elle) ohatads|| axes elie] [Weateenenelsi| Meklcacscaususscnoateeencual A SEene TT (atau 120 DILOIMSH ITA TAT
COCO RC EOEC! ICECECECEOEC! BOEGHONCEONOS BCRUECEOIONOH BCRC RC ECIC ICH ECRCRORCICECH ECECECEC EEC ICRCRCRCRCON RCRUECECECEOH BUBLECCEL EH INC SCECE ICH (ONCE CMCC H (Cita MC. 4 ccc eee Sferecebea et orusae TACO) AAN SISUAYSMUDULULDS SNR TT
Se olialicys ai | Neite tovenernusriet eielieke=niteranaits qqey t1uosmayjnue snyc yy
isletalete s\|\eneleis:bie!|/e4ehe'njeellCeneire) sis\'a|ele lens .etei|\e(4/0)18)elimi|i¢ ¢ piereb)|(@10)me%@5a)|(¢160 0.» s\(e}] © ene 0 ©!|\6)6ie/\e/feiaiflla ellanece)e)|| ae) s\slene x SRO ESOSICECN fT YN $1SU9UJOIU1] sndoygogojopy
sielretareiia!| cenalalpiortes|isxelnisiisifel |(steienerers]| (acsinpstales|“alslialacfe\tallvateystsranel| wleueitele%6l|leipecele/«lfje)s\je1n leiai|teysicliais oil (exovelexete||(lerereetele/lWeletareceue x PSD SOCIO BOT CCC OA eye 19908 snsoygogojoyy
ayleice (oNe).e} | loevatedarai|(#/(sipeseiatlfene ecellesai|ieisveveviel allie a .ecer ais x Gla) aeiteiie| [ese eae «|| \s)0la)leea|||\nlre\ayat etal fwalieltelielce x Sep tiee dts ee eiicea cet ece eet es esse te DUDMOW DUOIDIN.
Gee ia mo] are ie) elenetse0)6 0.8. 6 1.ele 6 ele) e/|,e.8) 0) 8e6/)e010 6)6165¢'l ein ida ef) 2 = © 810 a0 648 0116 0 0\]|0 0.6.06 (4)| 60 6.6 67s x ee eeee este ae 0 tee ee setts t sess“ IQABBM SISU|IYIIOOUKM DUOIDW
Sago ool |boown s|/corodd ooo ulloomoan|oc vee ele cece fers eeefee eee foresee tensed SDEN OO DODD al oc orc on EEOO COGS DODO TTF CDSE REVIVED (LOBED AY.
sree erlorer cre [et ecselecvene 4 a oNnsaiier]|(eetoeleiej| suexeleue=||/el*ievereie|{ejsi/s{e)e [even levee f{+/cie{ejlein}} caleliehela/eil\\«)eiefalele||isieieleraci} 8) elec) wicker | (ITO), MULt{4aGSaa OIS8]1DI 0420 IN
Cs fee eee iC Cenc Ger er er er Sx x CEOICECET EO) PUNCEOEC ECO! RGEC ECECICHO! hOlCmCnC ia e\fe) eee 6 x eats Yesoze | olckexexen®)| Peseceleyedejs ics a1cke si cnnae = tacee aN Te Cr sOsS DED ULOID Al
SiColees cberasbone| key oNe resell Rensyas ashe [uke yesces chic scaneerenenneor sie UIJOUIDH DadDI1D9 DUWOIDIY
$72) al HOUR'S FOCI |. 0 Gl oO BO Tabor IOABIM SISUZOUDSAJUOML DUOIDIY
Pee e ero esr sef et oeccetoccecs{e sere eleroecele acceso sees steseonece{oseterfescece
| | | ON | | | SL | |
ur1ozay401q
equesieyy
eyUueS
ojgeg ues
erazo;eD
‘eueAoloyUuOU
voy
spog
yulog jeuuny
Buojsy
uozpsUTYsSe
jo UOTzeULIO}
uolay,
qUs09y
aUuoZ
e4es14s
BIPIOA
au07Z
eurAoiojuOUl
eoly
2u0Z
stsuas.ingsA3303
epoy
au0Z
stsueioz10d
bleed ab
au0Z
StsusUjOoul]
snsoydodojo~w
(UO) )—NOLONIHSV\\ NUALSTAA NOX AlaVE, TVNAV Nola]-1sog
37
WEAVER—POST-EOCENE OF WESTERN WASHINGTON
Vor. VI]
eretslict xs |fexctetetonel| (orefenerees! | terexatetets]|petereier ete Ko frrecres] ye fecreeefeseeesfeeeeee] yg x x x
fooocolsdoaudloccounlloonoos Go ae 5) et’ eee! UDOGK! Ieeaerciken Recon icdabed fearirtiocc| pe?
se Porragatertelltasexenorors | foe Peotone) | tee Peter aye |eterey ose e||tajtete, ot'axre}] (eres cite rer || rue (e'0'0:s| [ie seveeveve, fere.'oyw lar sifle sittorarell teueesieis « x sreveexevel|tsateneln
fe Tabara iedetarevesel| (wrohetoserel| feiereteveys |teceiel rere x Se Cs Cees ee cocieordl |inOo co|looon.collodgun cs
pre fatoroel |tetenerrete tal] foreds ever sl (eterer ofete| |fererey of eie{| vivaltocs,.c.e\|( econ a.viel|'e esete eit liole tevevensi| (ore feyoverelleaseehevers x dae Bycig'| ies Siete ete iere
sfetetetevel|fereteretecs|| tebe ehavel|(rerete revel] javerate reve x reeeee] og seseelerseesleceenedl XY x x x
FoaucGs||GawdDD ooo oul loooood| aooboallbotdnd Ocacoe xX a CS xX x santwalldaGooo
ereyrereneg © |toireroneretell feet sferlers:| faxeNerstofte|olimiel et aiel|feieve).e sexes] oi evens cose: e-see ic ell is seusveveses| axe teve avail felossernes xX Soo nl hacoot¢||acce.ckc
Seacicue alfa. ocd o (ow. 0eEd-o| foo one, loot ood oudad loocoon x SS CS CC 0 evatorotonsll Peverereiare
Pealcaacaal metic lie POND or eee orate alis os
eee [mere [marten eration rae |e
SiS peel ae (nae ey ei De Ia
eToUets Hore VoFe e iarevel he aretayay {| seetesavenell feveyeveve’s K freeeee
Serie eetraees rE ereliecirens (actin Moofeeeees
x x S62 Pestle sore | eeag| oro
x x KM [eceec efor eee cdeeecesleneees
Bendre foreil farce crataznlltonssone reac rsvonsverove|lece Meare KM [eres
deg rer ol aoe a eee Xx
Neil etaca actne coed steneveol a Seaese os Soimoo neds alae ae
B 8
D °
= Se 5 S83 fe ic 5
iB AD Eo > Nap 5 looks)
Rs Lae) (oie Whe) “D cs) 2 Oo,
w © & AS 29 |B ao 2. [oF
See oeee | oy aime Gaited a) era
5 p ° ie 5
whee
euojsy
x
Beit Rte ee oi SI sie | aa en
soe ee gl MeN Tae cack eerie cramer
eoree reer era il epenrsd eckntens emcee
Se Gensel ecient: Sites ac ale ae
ere teel ere, sal ane ee Sia Piacoa Pare Mee
Santi lata ce abe acinal peor ce wee lates
Badal tack: iecall erehte jriomenioel | eae dl ates se
Ep all ee Sea nett ater arate lstoe e
oe ester Sua att ere cian listeria
Gaeoe oie agrarian tes eerie a
Secs opel MPa sn aaa eel
: 7 aan ne orl ace hoses ot
hires aaa We eee Eset ea s
rare eee ree ee ean feces EE
dais Ones ese | Pak casement | ere fae
in 8 —
=5 a g ESereile ao
Bee] & Nes | Sex| See] ped | yes
Bio] 8 |BRa/Bad/BEB|BaS| 85g
gS 3 ea oi © oa me oR eS
2 ep |B | BF es
s
aiatehat vie ce fitshelslteletatatelersie\s Tq 4ppauor wnrynjuaq
DHMCHSCU BOAT ROOT POALO qqeD wnautupys wniyojuaq
VdOdVHdVOSs
Sloe ieWoutisie ereMenevess;eteloiers Pe1UOD DsSsaddut D1p}0 4
ee ri pieumys DUOSIAO D1Ipjo X
eter were eee IWAvIM SISUastpYyayI DIPADITAIU A
Duta L
DUusIaL
Dual
DUuijaL
Dut1/9 T
Du17]9 L,
Du1N/9 [,
Dural
Duijal
i ne eee ee eT peiu0g D1DIIAD
Ceece econ e eee caces peiu0g stsuauosaso0
Ce i cr en a er aCe a) peiuo0g DINGO
plnox) sntuns1s uajoe
y fowisatese alae vere See OR OTINE PSE qqey ‘snjajjpand uajoe
a pte Yais a tata OTaiS tare tePoYOnsleeie peruoy snqano uajoe
Sie ices nyese telemenar eens PRIUOD DIDJSoItAJUan DKUuAaIOS
Sati cce seilees ds ‘u ‘ajawac
(JU0D) )—NOLONIHSVAA NUFLSEM, AOI lav], IWNavy NoLla]-1s0g
[Proc. 4TH Ser.
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
38
Seon EGO OG Sooo eq tuopuos wniuondy
ne plouly siswasypyays viniaq
SoGunG loa dan oogomcnaG 6 pesos psoujag vyauyrs}e>
ane eee qqen vy2d1q pun
STicnceernlhoticwiorchatereetraciciers IOAvAM tpjausd DUO0}s040]4)
Beene a) wenenniveyakex=nets IOABIM SISUaUIaD{ap DU07S0111D)
asad Gollomoo se K frocsecfersseefeseseefereree| gg [eeesefereeep eS ePeeeee Pere reeeee ea supa puojsor0>
KR fecrect feces sf eee e elec eee e cece eees uosiapuy punyop pravjaruD>
Sheolejiejiesai|/scekeleyelie! {ise (alalaie|lsenevalal(ele}|lereléenerbillioiels! 6hela||ieieis elslel| isilele) nice x pus heriepiel|((etelteierate:|censlethions 2B ODDO DOO EY) YN sisuay200ucm D1AD]]99UDD
xX
x
x
x
XXXXKXKX
SE riieokine] ltebemetersed | eustenonetalie sole caaucicheraveranweuec uOSiapuy 1u0pUo? DraDyaruD>
x ane eo oo nc peslu0y o7¢nsavad Dynprdaay
Rvosexsae ral |[sconezonee x sorrer[ ee etralncerecdereccelsctee sl eres eel eet cel eceres|eecene| cceeerssersesees TBC snot MunDMES
x
sHOOs0||DoCndlloonans|toodn soltomononanem. ool on peIU0D sdaoutud vynpsdacy
poo Tal |a.copiltometroo|| sooo Hl Saab DonodooDD mo: leq Divdosnn3 vyjaqunjo>
MoVehadcatss| teil ae usta; | fexetaen tate |heteeatepetat | cogereyernceerscercurnencsttaaete aaa led 2p41pq snwoposkay >
aeerereverss| oketare dare! |teneKeteicnct| Cetexed oxen lKexceeperry neisreasistn rs Wed sanisadua snuopostay>
x
x
Ce we cofe teers fesse esperar eofonesscfeeccaclereces x Strelcoi/a,/0). i/o." se) win] etegenenrs: oj) s9a5z0) oie DOD SOOO SOOO TESS SS| SNINUDSIS snwmoposkay)
x
x
x
isienetake)|| love lareiei a] ceiasaxenarsilicekeialn.wrie!|( sca le)ca0b) ele) 6c) (e] a (ue8eoy) tpjayxoue snmoposkayy
CeCeCnONCnC | (CICECECNCECH (ORCHOECHCECH tic amir ar x ssa) e-8}| cae. evan, eif(s08!e1e ane|] le) one'e ia] (0: 0's lellele||ersie) 6, epe}|ike) elie) sl o)lei] tore (arelie «fis. ete navene x ttetesssesessss (Qqen) pataquaaxa vaDpagajn7
CLOSsr Cnc) [ECOHas> Ost! ios oso Rorcecrchry ey [eG ued coo| biairerertol |O Onto lau cine co 4 CeCe CACEDY |BChcer BOP CREn romeCioat ic) ETIED DIOS OOS EY, GSI V SIsuauDp)}DI9 snmoposkay7
Cech erhcH | CelOCeOr tan x Sire va)-o/oejffeenere se efi sels 0s fle «e160 0 x FES AIOE aio BS oe OO Cra OOD TMT OOO GEL era yy capper) TMU A)D)
©),@ e) 8) fal |ereeaispe|Lelisite tayo) ail iis\ce.)s.-ej/eie'{iwiet el silo /6\liu\le) ere )/e)|\e. 6) 6) ee 1a)|| ofielie) bir6)10)|\Teileleie 6! vil\ie/e teal er et|hesiece(s (srs x PEO SIO AVC EY SISUAUOITZULYSDA pavaqg ava
eucaadicares (oiisantrearel lheneneterede x Sones bas) | eh tnae eels Testes isnt MT OLE 4404215) DULOISOU)D >)
OBC HCRONUIC| CBGIO CEOS) ONGECIONOEG)] TORCECEC ECCS (ICECIOEOECHOS UCHCECECECECH (CRCEOECET IC INCECEOICECHCH ICICECECECECH lCiCac ir ices leCloncitachn x erahadiatie onto el eneseleseasasichel (ICO) psojyf panajqajoD
seendyajal|ker@ is (eleiel {ais rer elise) |(els (elecbc4:|tetente fale iel}wi ire (areje)|\s (6), 40s 0) |hallelevenars x eile tase (ere tiielie are, 'ets|[ ise 'evapel (nis SS SOI EIGEN IN SISUaUopsULY SDM DLADIJaIUDI
ale pi ereviellisseneisnerieiliisheie b) 5. 0ilcaiiere ee .ei|\sie fecerslia lobia les en tie eneleve te 4 DO DOSES | OLDEN DECAY CEC OC STII O CSU OVS AEP See DST EAA PELL TAU ELAS E
sredecenongs | faxere ote nel|(exsatoxval | Reltecalerere| kare ie levers? lelCerrerene) c||{s)ier= (elaistlvsreselarersi | kelekavalete||ifeerealenes| asta relives x Fir tescssses ses sJgAvaqy Sesuaujoouy wnyitig
cara | ieee councue ies acta IDABVIM 1440/9 snsutdsKyrvég
re ane Lem, | [Paani x GSA ONDINE SOOO 5| OR | POO R OMG MOU COO ar fail tnpin Hoh FLESE
CRCECECECNC! (ORCECECECECH ICECRORUECECH BCECECECECECH ECEOCECECECH ECECECECEOECS UClC ln iC mC ln x PESO OO) FOTO IO) EOFS DOO COG COO ROD ICO OOO Ms eps ELC ERM) Teles lO FLET
ecelisiietais||[sieatesasiiveteljarercre atere Ob x rsTeh-ho| sob snese|iaecaencanhal| (exsusn=ncuas | pexexeoso eleKetelsesieinicOrrs (rea S449 SOOIMULMUIADO NOOR AIpZ
eee Se ||C00n oo) Doo Goo! incr GD foun bol ono udoo do onnic leq tupwuups UNULIINGOSLY
CROBOCEOECH OIOSOSCEOIC! TOICHONOIOICH | CEOlCED ESIC ONOECEC RONG! |ICECICECICNC (OSOEOIOECNCN NCICICROIOECT NCECICICHCROY liciCECnCnCnG! lar ciciCCEc x eee e ete cece eee cess steeds “ 'NUS—INGULY
anagntaleses|(akenererent x shee sceasl|gsteieatsile|leleverersiei|isierelevels x x Spcksho hokey | (eueeKe seen) el atekseobell ketene ees sicnershelwic “Shel @neaCA SALaOn aMOUD IST GAY:
VaodOudLsv9
u1os9491q
eyiesie yy
eqyuesg
ojqeg ues
elulOyeD)
‘*euvAoioyUOUL
eoly
au0Z
uinprari3
eulosesy
andury
Spodi
qulog jauuny,
eLIOIsy
UWOySUTIYsSE MA
jO UOTJeUTIOJ
uolay,
yUs909y
au0Z
eyeBLI4s
EIP[OA:
au0Z
evuedAolojyu0OU
eoly
du0Z
stsuas.imqgs44403
RDy
au0Z
stsuo1oz10d
LISD;
au0Z
sIsudu[OOUT]
snioydodojow
(U0) )—NOLONIHSVAA NUAISHA\ YOU ATAV], IWNaAVY Nola] -1sog
39
VoL. VI)
WEAVER—POST-EOCENE OF WESTERN WASHINGTON
2 =
S >
BS | ge
® 5
® Ge
ia ea
5 ry
olqeg ues
~ x
ei a Riad arte eons wea Redne x
| oepgul note aobtic eee: See | cate | ans) esac
x sice d[esrsdae love fe aleatiee x Se alin cal leone
ae Se || Bacreall= 6 eaicomant|oedind easton | x
5s eid aes a Ine | RE Ke ia! ca A . ee
ane eee ae os (orastas| onto (toolsets
Seal bate Se iliare sree [ela cagel|bacen ee leereel erties
feb Scere on ool ek eae ecerl ite ical asa ena
See nace Set fpPiecia) cePan | peer eee tard lx sy aban all sanecer
= cb [borate one Seach seleu esac conte ac corel laces Areata
Seales aa tee alte oe ae | fe oc ea pg oa Pe
eA eee ae eral al ym og eee lek ee z ele
eee Boag origincy peta) tcc eraser lseesrerdl scent Rei Ui had
eect Pe cone Re doce: |e) s0al|bapae |araseul| wa nore ee aorta:
Eee en dee Para a a cena SGe aif rtnierliosanita treater ncmrerle ony
Creo cess cas eee | SS eee chee acer el eeepc soy cles
re eee eee le eto (cect ana sc ase bres elo
Seca neaesieyiosl| ricoreiate lateral lian Meal MANE eae or, Byala perce ictaclon
aed aie al Nel eA ai Pie Tame laaetgtee foci Sa eat
egal ase, Slt eared me eee nll acme A Seem ae lla y,
3 4 nad 8 S
ae 09 b> 6 39 a 6 s
is} =}
cee |wee| F | a8 | F |BBo| F leks /sso|yep
Sedcisag| vy. Q= g Beto ll ¢ BR AIE aa Bee:
Bisa ° Es A Bs) ef Ags 5 oo Leh Fe ° oa ®
* 8 2 BS B | B
n
9au0Z
sIsuosJoyI0d
PYPJHIN S$,
au07Z
stsuauOoUr]
snioydodoyoyy
BRO OC CO din Po ciaen Od PeIUOD vaxDs sar1uKjog
siege) s/o] sealer isis teielteestoyeiurr leq tounyvs sarucjog
(PINOD) s4s4ma7 sar1uKjog
s\eite (ela /eys) elroy e)feilsteePyisvsve s PeIUOD DUDOAped DYJaA1]10
PeIuOD sisuauosaso DID AT
UOSIOPUY t1pjOUAD DSSDAT
JOABIM MOSAIPUD DSSDNT
ML hd 0 peluod) vjDAnput Duoiajigorpy
COCHOMU Ca OSC vy c) OMUs grr nea 19qqD38 snaoygogojopy
aYeifoitore axaifarteleivelenen omraeteversts eq. snqo2ns snsawory
pe IOAPIM DUDIUOISUIYSDM snsnfiiua TT
pope er Wed wnjp]NI19409 adrorpaud Unautsks)
St ea ea TOABIM SISuaDInjhS WNaUtAKs)
ETE CR) Sel ame TaAeIM SisuasyDyay? sno
eee eee etree eee eee eee (pouty) 1xo0IaY4 DIA
is (ekeis) e\loiks le (etotatayeseestestraters Wed sisuasoor snuisny
DE Ee ea (petuog)) snzuajyng4so? snuisng
SP eck hee aie ner ace (pjouly) sisuapsofunjs snutisny
fot oiokole(eete! > eussehanenetcaaa JOAROM tMos4ayIIp DINIX
ite fy aback patel: UBsEIY DUNIUOISULYSDM DUAjNz
efoiavclion fa reinitatiete meme rse sare cree uBseay iyjnus Dutynsy
ah oyaifellattelioy edetoh enous ese (peru0g) wrsouag wnyopny
Terese sss" TOABIM SISUaUOIsULYSDA UntUuojId ay
OOOO OKC CutmrOr aT Wed wmnaafiins uniuondy
(‘JU0})—NOLONIHSV\\ NUFIsa#\\ AOA ATaV, TIWNAVY NOLa]-1s0g
[Proc. 4TH Serr.
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
40
RMeneeresel ecevenrererel least avayicze)|etesen tore! onetelalie) sil eieverensuailie: alesepaces|taysysreia’e(|lsererenene [elexeeve cillsioterahsvell inte over x x K frccceteeeeeseseeeeeeeeee eee pyatmsupsog
VOZOLOUd
soocot|lsenocallegceng||soteoallodnacn|laooocclldonnn sono acco abonoa0bou|jpainnaolloocoad 4 K [rteccpeseeeeeeeseeeeee sees ssurgurer wemAyoeg
VaOVISNaO
Sooonplcdm nd eoneonllha os 6onlloougnulladoscollonoad 6 x Se Cs es CCC rete eseerslereeeseeeeerseess tea? puptuoisp stacypma
02 (ono oo leq. S10juap1290 1yp4D.49Qa49.7
condo adllaonocdso.d000||Hs0 oc allnacoodllsoondollpododcllooodaol|mecnnd loonon a (dcate a ladaned| unison KM focreet[eseseesse++ssuaaeayy Sasuaqiayno Dynqoaqasa
VdOdOIHOVUd
Saco Kclloopmc Kofrrrret[ecssss fesse sess selec ese epee eee lereeeL gg [eres Pesesesl eee Peseeeeleeereseeereeseeeeesspuomay 1gqD3 pyainas
VLIVNYYGONIHOd
ecm ee fe ree refercctrsloccecrelecevvcfevccos x x eee a fewer neste enee x x | x x Pelee o sche cinta NINOS) MIDIS Haun) DLANtip:
VdOdOTVHdd)
ee wee sfer ese slo seen elec eseriacesrasfoececceloerereeloresvrelessesc(oesessfoessvecs|esvces
Se | Psscusreies | Pausiedieria| ilerauierakeuece aueke oor sake WLIO. 1QUOIMaU DI13}144N J,
faknitetore ce] |toksceretate||iaiansi(ense)|kstelielecace | |(\ei(alstsiolel |/eleletsiea’|lslielsial vis! |felrelecaatle)|\sirelrere errel| (ate) scam, »'|\ehielieel aol leisheresane x PRO RCA|IlON TN 70 SOOO GAA OCOB OO EVEN sisuakajaynq DIJ9}LAAN_T.
SO) ee Feealet a beres| ie eresiace encore, iain) ere ceileus IOAGOM s1suasaj4og DIAIVAAN [,
See | isbatenele is] Kelotlen) selcetars i aceneinse pesuoy S1SUaUuOsadAO D112] VAAN [,
#):0) e190 50] ¢(6uene)e @)|cis\s)evere's ase eves 1eda DUDIUOJZULYSDAM DINIVIAN T,
ear eruita yall fenelereisiiallisaami=haie1|karsielelecel|Peia)alerelel [Lecerelersilal||e te le) e)e\lei|isieveliensls'|\(eusite ei +, e [ie eles) o)«)|fenwiareliere x Sore fed| ake doxarate) |p oVerauenne|| UcdeiegslonessielsLsieivis tora) \etSt2/07/ 900M ICL SPALIT,
pailrevere' | fovea car arei| (cuatetexel(si|fouotece’ eie||lerere raveve x reeeeeferseeslereeeaferee eal yy weet eel eee etalaeeee elec ece sl ees cedesssevecreesestsqagey pe4ansag SLANT
cL Oo. [olo tore | |o"hoorO | laceo mercy loan b0.O](6 ¢ OS ol o.c oscil /occloon! lone onal oda on ollaaisoc jocoo ad ldodorno x x ri eeesesetesesess+ Droury Sesuaousadf SLAANT
© oe 6, ane [jeje eelere|| aiecn ss ail\leic' ole jars fie ta.b- 66/6 x ee wc veloc encelerscrefecesees x she ieaze)| [epee Zeieue) che, chexcial ip secerosoo} irievesaieieesenelsholoscfeqsiestensle cer 1B GperS4S AS OOIMOSAdIT:
x OIORCEOIOHO! BOHOICECEORO! (OSU IONOECIOH HONOECECEOECH ECECEOHONCECH ECECECEC TORO! EOnCSCEOirar” HCECEnmcnniry| (Cicer ar arary SC | fcusotes=ns)|iskenesnece:l eke eazsuosa||tenehekeaeae) ysledeceeledauslolageuriave rise ploury st1suau1osay2ja Siwy T,
avoheheysneltteraravoreas|( ¢@-si sia escorts: vats eto oy@idi acd 70
Massive, brownish Gray. SandstOne, oo... 681s sce sce cad cccwee mn 40
MEM DEMME MI USIALE: Scie eit ay )5 aly fn ieia'aypetelale alaye1¥%s ales oresend/auain'lbin’d me aie 30
WEASSIv Gy RON SATCSLOME Mit -c.5/hascarcauait fore cd cure gainatate ale deka wl em ea 300
Mainly shale with a few narrow bands of sandstone............ 200
Mainly sandstone with a few narrow bands of shale interbedded. 30
Mainly thin bedded, clay shale without distinct bedding........ 900
Massiviesubrowtle SandStone@assccmess vam + ccth nc) seve see eae oes 65
Alternating layers of thinly bedded sandstones and shale with
occasional bands of sandstones four to five feet in thick-
TES Seeeeeet te cathe ehsret oes ly ere tn mee eter ein wid ae uty over rele edie baie Uitie a va esol 90
Massive, brown sandstone, slightly banded..................-: 75
Bande dirslrall Oper ses ees ee arate fee lshn! che re: sich ays corel cftsyayei aco obetn eh abey oles ana ele 10
Wha bedded: Shaly SAngStON Gs.) 2's cea as oe 5 6cie ele Mocle eaten 40
Alternating bands of thinly bedded shale and sandstone....... 75
MassivessbLowilsandstoie men actin ccs ceeie see etka tereeireeer 20
Massive prowl onitty, sandstOney... ci s./s lec n2s sce H chaetela etaieee 35
Gray shale possessing well-defined bedding ................... 100
Massive, brown sandstone containing bands of shale............ 30
Mostly shale with a few bands of interbedded sandstone. Strata
Via) pdt COMCEALE CE 2m cis 3.5 om eei ore) «yaaa tal mentas sia aieiatere ei eorNeios eta e 1,800
Thinly bedded shale somewhat massive in places and containing
occasional bands of sandstones averaging one foot in thick-
MESS ie ie ear S Sadie avoce Soepehayeoaiic Li ot 3h. 41 3 le ears oe sete tte taket sievoiate 320
Massive, brownish gray sandstone containing pebbly and con-
SlOmera tic ARMS. wa ioc aa) bin ware a ole meme ae Meta tes ghd eora areas 1,400
Massive conglomerates composed of pebbles ranging up to two
feet in diameter and composed in part of altered andesite... 15
Massive, oritty? Sandstoner rly) fdieie:cmieisicloilshenw creaieevers ol cleco ee ae hic
Crenella porterensts Weaver 200. oe ee ee es
BedanchenalisenSismWiCaverart wh sae sh eens ee hte ae
Macrocallista wespertina (Conrad))s, 2.55222. 25662: ¢.- ae
Marca oregonensts (Conrad)... 2. e220 ic cece tne
Modvolusnainectusm Dally) ae pierce iene cl eshte eso leh re
On aOV Es amiLGb Us) Wallies Mis ry spss hh ors cecay Sictad tees: ayaa aya
Mytilus sammammishensts Weaver............-..++- aide
INGICULU CONTAC TINICE ery eg cise ahs 2 ceo ese uae letecte<
STC Scere aera Ren hy hd eS iciey ose Ae Smiles (tocol eee
PARORE GENCLOSE (GOW) i) sore chs oe sels eo we aie eae ae ae
iRerten Becknaiiy Gap nca. o6 a ei ain dss lays a estes aha es ee eS Alaee ae
JOR. OSB Ee Cont tole At RAT Eye ERIC) ore Lae aie eeenoaey eecholces| (ECO (ree
Phacoides acutilineatus (Conrad)..............+.-.+0-55
SOLEMN ACID LIES © OMTACE I terete te Ate tees te eneve eens wehcicdetene ee
Solemya ventricostata Conrad..............2. ee cee ees
Spisuia alparsa; (Conrad) shy. ie ee lke eg elaes «vida a esas
Mellingrouriutal Conrado eee ec ie aioe
Hellanavoreponenses CONTAG 3/7 Yoel ecn eb oe cd icrtele oe a
ISR TLGLO ING PesOLd COs CONTAC sens ieee eae ee ere
Mi VaStranbisectan Conrad ieee cnet dase iay Fah sive, a eahn) ss che obs
VOI Fa a PreSSG) CONTAC oa va Sart aia a) ob2ts, Nailsea ere woe eye ied Pays
VCash aden atcace (ars) e560 0 RA pe mem ete 9S ae EI aera ara eet | WC) cc] (Pc
GASTEROPODA
Ampulling oreganensts Dane yc)e nas adic io 2h eel ake
Crepidula pracrupia Conrad 3 < )s. 5. 3b oo ve > ahetle ie» cies
TL OTA UTES ee ao eA IO cD ie TS) ahs! gS) Saat 3S ase doe
Budolvum petrosum (Conrad) inci ogi.c ace rae
4 2s
- 2 -
a a
. 7
a
7 Te
> 7
we.
- &
ne —
"1yIUn2Iq soupmok.sy I Jo soredsqng oY} JO eIUIOJIYD Ur UOTINGIIIsIG
ott y r : 1]
N
©
&
ao
: | ea te a
i VINYOSTTVS AO ALISHFAINA
z AONOTOOZ ALVUAALUAA JO WAASNAW
w -
4 dVWN NOILNGIULSIA
ae an ee Sige,
‘shay doona) -q sounm otay 7 98
‘2DUNDIDI “Q soUDMOK«AY yr.
‘Snp1ydosau"g saunmokar
> ‘o8uel Surpseiq umouy ; ‘ 9
F JO epiIsjno suoljej}s pi0say - ,
: I P1OIOY ‘snprydomaaa qsounmokiy, @
. ‘sty domasa“g saupmokay,
= m ‘e8ue1 Surpoeiq uMOUY : ~ o :
a JO OPIsjno suor}e}s ps092x{ ‘SNAN}UI14DYI “Q SaUDMOKAY [ 8
:
= ‘SNANJUALADYD *
; ‘asuvs Surpesiq umouy oe
—_ Oo . ke: 4
5 jO apis}jno SUOTFEIS PIOIY- “snr20mhp q Saupmoksy 4
rat "snJ20 ’
2 j map -qsaunmokayy, PW €
‘snanjids -
: 14s “Q soupmotsy 7 af. Z
F ‘SISUAUDUL “9G SouDuoksy, F™ |
g *PSULMIeXS 919M suaumoeds. YoIyM Wot sjulog
B
met hey eae
edie Oi mr -oe
alison a
a
+h
|
aj
:
Vor. VI} SWARTH—RACES OF BEWICK WREN 65
closely similar in coloration; compared with calophonus as
represented on the coast of Washington and Oregon, it is
brighter and less sooty. In size and proportions, intermediate
between calophonus and spilurus, though nearer the latter.
Remarks—The wrens of the northern coast region of Cali-
fornia present certain peculiarities of appearance which were
commented upon, first by Oberholser (1898, p. 440), and later
by Ridgway (1904, p. 565, footnote). The race marinensis was
formally described by Grinnell (1910, p. 307) upon the basis
of these, same peculiarities.
There have been available for comparison in the present
connection, besides the series of the several California sub-
species, 18 skins of calophonus from Vancouver Island, and 10
from the mainland of the Puget Sound region of Washington
and Oregon. Inspection of these series develops several in-
teresting points in regard to the wrens of the northwestern
coast region in general. Judging from the material at hand
it seems evident that calophonus does not occur in California,
unless it is to be found on the coast of the extreme northwest-
ern corner of the state, from which point there are at this
time no specimens available. Furthermore, in the range of
country at present ascribed to calophonus, there appear to be
two distinct types existent, lumped under the one name, races
which eventually may have to be separated in nomenclature.
Specimens from the mainland of Washington and Oregon,
which may be considered as typical of calophonus, present the
extreme of dark coloration in this species. Vancouver Island
birds are distinctly paler and more reddish, though of practi-
cally the same size. Thus there is the dark colored mainland
calophonus situated between the Vancouver Island (unnamed)
form to the northward, and miarinensis to the southward, these
latter two being paler colored and more reddish, and _practi-
cally alike in coloration.
To put it a little differently: Beginning at the northern
limit of the range of Thryomanes bewicki on the Pacific Coast,
there is first, on Vancouver Island, a dark, reddish-colored
bird of relatively large size. Immediately to the southward,
on the mainland of the Puget Sound region, there is an ap-
preciably darker, more sooty form (typical calophonus), of
66 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
approximately the same size. South of this, along the north-
ern coast of California southward to the Golden Gate, is marin-
ensis, paler colored again, practically the same color as the
Vancouver Island bird, but smaller. Spilurus, from south of
San Francisco Bay, is still paler but a trifle larger, gradually
merging, both in color and size, into the larger and more pallid
charienturus of southern California.
The two birds at hand from the vicinity of Humboldt Bay
are typical of marinensis. They are like the average of Marin
County birds, and are correspondingly unlike calophonus of
the mainland farther north. In the series from Marin and
southern Mendocino counties there are several notably pale
colored specimens. A female from San Geronimo (no. 2158,
Mailliard coll.) is quite grayish above, and there are several
juvenals from southern Mendocino County also aberrantly
colored. Such a bird is mentioned by Ridgway (1904, p. 565,
footnote), from Nicasio; so altogether, it evidently 1s not un-
common to encounter such pale colored individuals at this
point. This is at once suggestive of exactly similar condi-
tions found prevailing among the bush-tits (Psaltriparus) of
the region (see Swarth, 1914, pp. 513-515), and it would
seem that in both instances the phenomena are to be explained
in the same way.
The conditions described as probably explanatory in the
case of the bush-tit are as follows: “Marked restriction of
territory appropriate to the humid coast races, ineffective bar-
riers interposed against complementary forms of much greater
numbers occupying adjacent territory, and continual encroach-
ment of individuals (the radiating overflow) of the latter sub-
species” (Swarth, Joc. cit.). The genus Thryomanes appears
to offer a parallel instance, though to not so marked an ex-
tent as in Psaltriparus. Aberrant individuals occur as men-
tioned above, in a manner similar to that observed in the latter
genus, but not so numerously.
A series of juvenals from Marin County is appreciably
less bright reddish above than is the case in young birds of
spilurus from Palo Alto. A series of juvenals from Mendo-
cino County contains several pale colored individuals, more
nearly approaching the coloration of drymtoecus.
Vor. VI] SWARTH—RACES OF BEWICK WREN 67
Thryomanes bewicki spilurus (Vigors)
Type locality—Near San Francisco or Monterey, Cali-
fornia.
Range—Coast region of central California (Santa Cruz
faunal district) ; southern and eastern sides of San Francisco
Bay, south to southern end of Monterey Bay. Restricted to
the region west of the Coast Range.
Specimens examined from the following localities: Contra
Costa County: Martinez, 1. Alameda County: Berkeley,
3; Oakland, 7; Piedmont, 2; Alameda, 1; San Lorenzo, 1;
Haywards, 2. San Mateo County: La Honda, 1; Woodside,
2; Pescadero, 2. Santa Clara County: Palo Alto, 24; Mil-
pitas, 1. Monterey County: Pacific Grove, 3; Monterey, 1.
Total, 51.
Distinguishing characters—Most nearly like T. b. marinen-
sis, whose range adjoins that of spilurus at the north, but of
lighter brown coloration dorsally, and of slightly greater size.
Compared with drymoecus it is brighter reddish above. From
charienturus it differs in deeper red coloration, and in differ-
ent proportions. In spilurus the tail is slightly shorter
than the wing; in charienturus the tail is longer than the wing.
Remarks—Thryomanes bewicki spilurus, as here restricted,
ranges over a limited area in the central coast region of Cali-
fornia between San Francisco and Monterey bays. Geograph-
ically it occupies a position between marinensis and charien-
turus, and analysis of the characters of spilurus demonstrates
that in this latter respect also it is a transitional step between
the races to the northward and to the southward. Palo Alto
specimens present the best manifestation of the characters of
spilurus of any of the series at hand. These birds are quite
uniformly bright reddish above, the only exceptions being two
or three individuals, rather duller colored, and apparently
verging toward drymoecus.
Birds from the east shore of San Francisco Bay (Berkeley,
Oakland, etc.) present a certain peculiarity of coloration, for
with hardly an exception they are extremely dark and sooty
in appearance, as remarked by Oberholser (1898, p. 439).
This is undoubtedly partly, but not altogether, due to smoke
stain, the darkening effect of which has been noted in certain
68 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
other species at these points. I am inclined to class the birds
of this region as representing an intergradient stage between
typical spilurus of the coast region and drymoecus of the inte-
rior. The plumage, normally of a less bright rufescence than
in the former, is still further modified by the action of the
smoke, producing the extremely dark effects seen in the speci-
mens at hand. Of the available skins from the east side of
San Francisco Bay, practically all were secured at suburban
points in the various towns, where they would be subject to the
effects of the smoke of the communities. There is one speci-
men in the series that forms a striking exception to the above
remarks. This is no. 4284, coll. Mus. Vert. Zool., collected
by Dr. J. G. Cooper, at Martinez, Contra Costa County, De-
cember 15, 1863. This bird is bright, clear reddish above,
closely similar to certain of the Palo Alto specimens, and even
brighter colored than many from that point. It shows no sign
of smoke stain. This latter fact may possibly be due to the
fact of there being less smoke in the atmosphere in this general
region at that early date.
There are in the series four specimens from the vicinity of
Monterey Bay, three from Pacific Grove and one from Monte-
rey. This is too small a series to draw conclusions from, but
one of these birds (coll. J. & J. W. Mailliard, no. 4691) dis-
plays what appears to be a distinct trend toward the colora-
tion of charienturus.
Thryomanes bewicki drymoecus Oberholser
Type locality—Baird, Shasta County, California.
Range—The central portion of California; the Sacramento
Valley, and northward at least to the Oregon boundary ; north-
east to the Warner Mountains, on the Nevada boundary; the
west slope of the central Sierra Nevada, everywhere below
Transition; southward over about the northern half of the San
Joaquin Valley. Specimens from the east slope of the Sierra
Nevada at Carroll Creek, taken in September, may have been
wanderers from the west side of the mountains, and not neces-
sarily within the normal breeding range.
Specimens examined from the following localities: Modoc
County: Cedarville, 2; Sugar Hill, 1. Trinity County: Hel-
Vor. VIJ SWARTH—RACES OF BEWICK WREN 69
ena, 1. Siskiyou County: Callahan, 2. Shasta County:
Baird, 1. Tehama County: Tehama, 5; Tuscan Springs, 1.
Glenn County: Winslow, 1. Colusa County: Stony Ford,
2. Butte County: Chico, 3; Oroville, 2. Sutter County:
West Butte, 2; Sutter, 5. Yolo County: Grand Island, 1;
Rumsey, 3. Solano County: Vacaville, 11. Amador County:
Carbondale, 2. Nevada County: Cherokee, 4; Montezuma
Hill, 2. Placer County: Blue Canyon, 1. Inyo County:
Carroll Creek (east slope of the Sierras), 4. Fresno County:
Lane Bridge, 1. Madera County: Raymond, 2. Stanislaus
County: Modesto, 7. Mendocino County: Mount Sanhe-
drin, 1. Contra Costa County: Walnut Creek, 8; Mount Dia-
blo, 6. Santa Clara County: Palo Alto, 1. Total number of
specimens, 82.
Distinguishing characters—Compared with charienturus,
drymoecus has the upper surface darker and more rufescent.
The tail is somewhat shorter, and in different proportion to the
wing. In charienturus the tail is slightly longer than the wing,
in drymoecus slightly shorter. Compared with spilurus, the
upper surface of drymoecus is a duller and less rich brown.
In the juvenal plumage the character of intensity of rufescence
of the upper surface is also apparent, young of drymoecus be-
ing less deeply colored than young of spilurus and marinensis
on the one hand, and somewhat darker (though slightly so)
than the young of charienturus on the other. It is noteworthy
in this regard that whereas in typical drymoecus (Sacramento
Valley birds) the adults approach spilurus more nearly than
they do charienturus, the juvenal plumage is but slightly dif-
ferent from the same stage in charienturus.
Remarks—Of the available material of this form, the
greater part consists of summer adults in rather worn plumage,
with a good proportion of juvenals. There is a lack of birds
in fresh fall plumage.
Thryomanes bewicki drymoccus is a composite race, and
one probably not subject to exact definition. It differs from
all the other California forms of Thryomanes in the nature of
its geographical position, being centrally placed and apparently
intergrading with each of the surrounding races at the va-
rious points of contact. Consequently birds from different re-
70 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
gions exhibit a diversity of appearance that renders it difficult
in the extreme to frame a satisfactory characterization of the
race, and in places the dividing lines must be somewhat arbi-
trarily drawn.
Birds from the Sacramento Valley exhibit the best mani-
festation of the characters of the subspecies. These characters
consist of decidedly reddish dorsal surface (though not so
rich a red as in marinensis and spilurus) and short tail, bear-
ing a different relation to length of wing than is seen in
charienturus and eremophilus. Thus in the last analysis the
form drymoecus is seen to be an intergradient between the
long-tailed, pale colored, southern and desert races, charientu-
vus and eremophilus, and the short-tailed, richly colored, coastal
subspecies, marinensis and spilurus. This is so markedly the
case that while in the Sacramento Valley drymoecus may be
considered a fairly well marked form, just as this center is
departed from so is there encountered a variation of charac-
ters tending toward whichever of the other subspecies is ap-
proached.
There is at hand one adult from Baird, Shasta County,
California, the type locality of T. b. drymoecus. There are
also available one from Trinity County and two from Siski-
you County, all in the same general region in north central
California. As indicated by this small series the birds from
this part of the state seem to belong to the subspecies dry-
moecus.
Warner Mountain District. There are one adult and two
in juvenal plumage from the Warner Mountains, in the ex-
treme northeastern corner of California. The old bird is de-
cidedly gray, as compared with Sacramento Valley specimens,
but the two young ones are even more rufescent than are com-
parable examples from the latter locality. The dull color of
the adult is so noticeable as to suggest the possibility of the
existence of a definable local race in this little known portion
of the country, but in view of the manner of variation shown
by drymoecus in others of the outlying parts of its range, I
prefer at present to regard this specimen as another example
of the variability of the form. In this connection it may be
well to call attention to the possibility that the wren recorded
from Camp Harney, southeastern Oregon, by Bendire (1877,
Vor. VI] SWARTH—RACES OF BEWICK WREN rs
p. 113), and tentatively referred to eremophilus by Oberholser
(1898, p. 429), may well be of the same race as the Warner
Mountain bird.
Sacramento Valley. Thirty-eight specimens from the fol-
lowing counties: Tehama, Glenn, Butte, Colusa, Sutter, Yolo,
Solano, and Amador. Of this series 25 are adults, the re-
mainder in juvenal plumage. They were collected during
spring and summer, from early March until the mid-
dle of July, hence the adults are all in rather worn
plumage. Despite this wear, however, these specimens uni-
formly exhibit to a marked extent the characteristic reddish
dorsal surface of the subspecies. As indicated above Sacra-
mento Valley birds may be regarded as typically representa-
tive of the interior form, drymoecus.
San Joaquin Valley. Birds from this valley are not so
easily or satisfactorily disposed of. Both Oberholser (1898,
p. 437) and Ridgway (1904, p. 563) have included this re-
gion in the habitat of drymoecus, but the former author at
least had no examples from this valley, as shown by his list
of the localities from which specimens were examined. ‘The
region is not satisfactorily represented in the series now avail-
able, but there is at hand a series of seven skins from Modesto,
Stanislaus County (Mailliard coll., nos. 6987, 6993, 7125,
7333, 7385, 7386, 7400), two specimens from Raymond, Ma-
dera County (Mus. Vert. Zool., nos. 19,688, 19,689), and one
from Lane Bridge, near Fresno (Mus. Vert. Zool., no. 19,687).
All of these points are in the east central portion
of the San Joaquin Valley. Of these the Modesto
birds were collected in January, February, March, and
May, the Lane Bridge and Raymond examples in April.
Some of them are breeding birds, and the probabil-
ities are that the January and February specimens are
also examples of a resident form. At any rate peculiarities
of appearance can hardly be explained on the ground that the
birds are wandering examples of charienturus, for this more
southern form would hardly be found represented by in-
dividuals wintering so far north of their summer home. On
the other hand, these San Joaquin Valley birds are too unlike
Sacramento Valley drymoecus to be regarded as southward
traveling visitants from that region.
WP CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
So, on the whole, the series may safely be considered as
representing the form breeding in this same general region.
In coloration the whole series is quite uniform and but slightly
distinguished from charienturus, being more nearly like this
race than like Sacramento Valley drymoecus. In measure-
ments the birds stand about midway between the two forms,
though rather nearer the latter (see table). All things consid-
ered, I have regarded these birds as illustrating intergradation
between typical drymoecus and charienturus, and as represent-
ing about the extreme southern valley locality which the name
drymoecus may be used to cover.
Sierra Nevada. There are six spring birds from Nevada
County. Two are from Montezuma Hill, taken March 30,
and four from Cherokee, April 5 and 7. From these dates
they may fairly be assumed to be representative of the breed-
ing bird of the region. In coloration they closely approach
Sacramento Valley drymoecus, though they are not quite so
reddish; in measurements and proportions there is no dif-
ference.
There are at hand four immatures in fresh winter plum-
age: a male, Blue Canyon, Placer County, October 21; two
males and a female, Carroll Creek, east slope of Sierra Ne-
vada in Inyo County, September 11 and 12; all collected at
altitudes from 5000 to 7500 feet. A difficulty arises in the
proper weighing of the characters of these birds, in that they
were evidently late summer wanderers from lower altitudes,
from just where, it is impossible to say.
The Blue Canyon specimen (Mus. Vert. Zool., no. 23,295)
is dark reddish above, widely different from autumnal charien-
turus, but not so readily distinguished from fall specimens of
marinensis. It is presumably typical of the fall plumage of
drymoecus as occurring in the centrai Sierra Nevada. The
three birds from Carroll Creek (Mus. Vert. Zool., nos. 20,858,
20,859, 20,866) are quite different in appearance. They are
but slightly reddish above, and with a grayish cast not seen
either in charienturus or in typical drymoecus. As to the pre-
cise region occupied by these latter birds during the breeding
season, that, of course, is problematical, for they might have
wandered even from over the crest of the Sierras; but their
appearance leads to the assumption that they represent an ex-
Vor. VI] SWARTH—RACES OF BEWICK WREN 7
treme southern outpost of Sierran drymoecus, where that race
abuts on eremophilus. The grayish cast of the dorsal surface
may well be explained as evidence of intergradation between
the two.
From Walnut Creek and Mount Diablo, Contra Costa
County, there is a series of two adults and 12 juvenals. The
adults, June birds in excessively worn plumage, bear no re-
semblance to the ruddy colored spilurus of the nearby coast
region. The young birds, too, lack the clear reddish tone of
Palo Alto juvenals, and are very similar to young birds from
the Sacramento Valley. The series is unsatisfactory in the
lack of fresh plumaged adults, but is apparently to be referred
to drymoecus, though tending toward the coast form spilurus.
Birds from the east shore of San Francisco Bay (Berkeley,
Oakland, etc.), the nearest point in the range of spilurus,
are themselves for the most part not typical of that race, so
that specimens from this whole general region may be regarded
as illustrating intergradation between the coastal spilurus and
drymoecus of the interior. The reference of the Walnut Creek
and Mount Diablo birds to drymoccus is necessarily based al-
most wholly upon the appearance of the juvenals. Fortunately
there are certain characteristics at this stage, as shown by the
large series from the Sacramento Valley, apparently justify-
ing such procedure.
There is one specimen at hand from a point outside of the
general breeding range of drymoecus, which I feel obliged to
refer to this form. This is an immature female (no. 5268,
Grinnell coll.) taken at Palo Alto, California, September 27,
1902, and in complete first winter plumage. In color and pro-
portions this bird appears to be unequivocally drymoecus.
Without conceding any regular migratory habits to the form,
it is quite possible for occasional individuals to stray during
late summer and fall for as short a distance as is indicated
by this capture. I believe this specimen to be such a wanderer
from the breeding ground.
The subspecies Thryomanes bewicki drymoecus has been
denied recognition by the American Ornithologists’ Union
Committee, and declared to be “not separable from Thryo-
manes b. spilurus’” (1901, p. 314). Ata later date, in the third
edition of the Check-List (1910, p. 339), the ascribed range
74 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
of drymoecus is included in that of 7. b. charienturus. Con-
ceding that drymoecus is not as sharply defined a race as cer-
tain other forms of the species, still the disposition accorded
it under this latter ruling is certainly unsatisfactory, and not
tending to assist to an understanding of existing conditions.
The wren of the Sacramento Valley is as widely different from
charienturus of southern California as is the northern coast
bird, to which it is more nearly related. If it is not deemed de-
sirable to recognize these slightly differentiated forms in the
Check-List, a better compromise would be effected by extend-
ing the range of spilurus to include the Sacramento Valley
and central Sierra Nevada, that of charienturus to extend
through the San Joaquin Valley. Such treatment would be
nearer the truth than is the present accepted arrangement ; but
even so, there would be encountered the difficulties and dis-
crepancies bound to arise in the attempt to define by rigid
lines the many fluctuations encountered in the birds of these
wide and varied regions.
Thryomanes bewicki charienturus Oberholser
Type locality—Nashoguero Valley, Lower California
(near Mexican and United States boundary line).
Range—Coast region of southern California, south from
San Benito County and into northwestern Lower California.
Breeds mainly on the coastal slope, but in winter is found
eastward to the western edges of the Colorado and Mohave
deserts, as at Palm Springs, Victorville and Barstow.
Specimens examined from the following localities: Sana
Benito County: Paicines, 13; Mulberry, 4. San Luis Obispo
County: Paso Robles, 1. Santa Barbara County: Santa
Barbara, 2; Lompoc, 4; Point Conception, 1; Santa Inez
River, 1. Ventura County: Mount Pinos, 1; head of Piru
Creek, 1. Tulare County: Cannell Meadow, 1; Monache
Meadow, 1; Trout Creek, 7. Kern County: Weldon, 3;
Onyx, 3; Isabella, 2; Bodfish, 2; Walker Pass, 3; Piute Moun-
tains, 4. Los Angeles County: Pasadena, 91; San Fernando
Valley, 19; Santa Monica Mountains, 3; Sierra Madre, 3;
Monrovia, 1; San Gabriel Mountains, 6; San Francisquito
Vor. VI] SWARTH—RACES OF BEWICK WREN 75
Canyon, 2; Los Angeles, 7; El Monte, 2. San Bernardino
County: San Bernardino Mountains, 5s Cajon Wash, 1;
Victorville, 5; Barstow, 1; Reche Canyon, 3. Riverside
County: Riverside, 5; San Jacinto Mountains, 28; Vallevista,
4; Palm Springs, 6; San Gorgonio Pass, 1. Orange County :
Santa Ana Canyon, 1. San Diego County: San Diego, 1;
Witch Creek, 1; Cuyamaca Mountains, 2. Total, 252.
Distinguishing characters—Coloration paler, less rufescent
dorsally than in any other form of Thryomanes from the main-
land of California, save eremophilus. In fresh fall plumage
adults of charienturus average close to Saccardo’s umber, a
color about intermediate between the richer, more rufous,
raw umber of spilurus, and the grayer hair brown of eremo-
philus. In measurements charienturus differs from eremo-
philus in smaller size ; from spilurus, marinensis and drymoecus
in different proportions, usually having tail longer than wing,
whereas in the latter three forms the reverse is the case.
Remarks—lIt is in the relative geographical positions ac-
corded to charienturus and drymoecus that the results of my
observations are most at variance with those of the writers
who have previously studied the group. Both Oberholser
(1898, p. 437) and Ridgway (1904, p. 563) define the habitat
of drymoecus as inclusive of the entire San Joaquin Valley,
and as extending westward to the coast in San Luis Obispo
County. As already stated under drymoecus, birds from the
central San Joaquin Valley are not typical of that form, being
rather of the nature of intergrades toward charienturus. Still
less are birds from the coast region of San Luis Obispo and
Santa Barbara counties to be regarded as representative of
drymoecus. Such divergence from the mode of charienturus
as they exhibit appears to be an approach toward spilurus,
whose territory they border. This, to my mind, is a satisfac-
tory explanation of the slightly more reddish coloration of
certain individuals, as well as of the variation in measure-
ments.
Seventeen skins from San Benito County, 13 from Paicines
and four from Mulberry, most of them in fresh, unworn plum-
age, afford excellent comparative material from an interme-
diate locality, about at the meeting place of the ranges of
76 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47TH Ser.
charienturus, spilurus and drymoecus. These birds in colora-
tion are practically like southern California charienturus, being
no more rufescent than are most specimens from that region,
and less reddish than birds from the coast of Santa Barbara
County. In measurements the San Benito County birds are
shorter tailed than is typical charienturus, and thus approach
spilurus or else San Joaquin Valley drymoecus. There is very
little difference in measurements between these latter two.
There is at hand one skin from San Luis Obispo County
and eight from the coast of Santa Barbara County. Some, but
not all, of these birds are slightly darker and more rufescent
above than charienturus from points farther south, but I be-
lieve that all are to be referred to that form. It is probably the
type of specimen such as I have at hand from San Benito and
Santa Barbara counties that formed the basis for the exten-
sion of the range of drymoecus to these points, but I prefer
to regard such birds as illustrating intergradation between
charienturus and spilurus, over the intermediate territory which
they occupy. They are with difficulty distinguished from typi-
cal charienturus, and are certainly quite different in appearance
from typical drymoecus of the Sacramento Valley.
The excellent series of skins at hand from the coastal re-
gion of Los Angeles, San Bernardino and Riverside counties,
includes specimens in all stages and from all seasons, and,
judging from these, it would seem that the race charienturus,
as confined to southern California, is as well defined as any of
the forms of the genus Thryomanes. Here, too, however,
there is a certain amount of variation, usually in shade of ru-
fescence dorsally, even in specimens in fresh fall plumage taken
at practically the same points; differences that can hardly be
explained on any grounds save that they represent the varia-
bility existing among individuals of the one race. Segregation
according to age or sex yields no uniform or satisfactory di-
visions.
In the series at hand there are six winter birds from points
at the western edge of the Mohave Desert, five from Victor-
ville and one from Barstow. These specimens have been re-
corded as drymoecus (Mailliard and Grinnell, 1905, p. 101;
Grinnell, 1901, p. 70), but I am unable to distinguish them
Vou, VI) SWARTH—RACES OF BEWICK WREN HEL
from Pacific Slope charienturus, and believe that they are
probably wanderers from the nearby San Bernardino Moun-
tains. Midwinter specimens from Palm Springs, at the west-
ern edge of the Colorado Desert, belong in a similar class,
of winter visitants from the adjacent San Jacinto Mountains.
There is available a series of 23 skins from the southern
Sierra Nevada, in Tulare and Kern counties. Of these, 14
are juvenals, while the nine adults are in midsummer plumage,
so frayed and faded as to be of little value for color compari-
sons. It is evident, however, that this series is not to be re-
ferred to drymoecus, and at present it seems best to include it
under charienturus. The young birds are decidedly less red-
dish than juvenals of drymoecus, averaging closely similar to
young charienturus. The variability shown among them tends
toward grayish extremes, certain individuals being even paler
colored than the average of eremophilus. The adults closely
approach charienturus in similarly worn plumage, and in meas-
urements and proportions also approximate this form.
There are at hand, fortunately, three adults in fresh, unworn
plumage, taken in December in the Piute Mountains, at the
southern extremity of the Sierra Nevada. These birds are
unequivocally charienturus, and I believe it is fair to assume
that they represent the resident form of this region. Alto-
gether the available material is sufficient to justify the state-
ment that the wren of the extreme southern Sierra Nevada is
not drymoecus. At first it seemed questionable as to whether
or not the birds were representative of eremophilus, which
breeds on the east slope of the Sierras a short distance to the
northward. The juvenals, as noted above, tend toward an ex-
treme of grayish coloration, while the faded adults have some-
thing of the appearance of the Desert Wren. Also the pres-
ence in the series of an undoubted example of eremophilus
from the Piute Mountains in September tended to obscure the
facts, but this bird in all probability was a migrant from the
desert regions to the eastward.
Fresh plumaged Thryomanes from the Sierra Nevada of
Kern and southern Tulare counties are desirable, and it may
be that such will exhibit characteristics intermediate between
typical charienturus and eremophilus.
73 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
Thryomanes bewicki nesophilus Oberholser
Type locality—Santa Cruz Island, California.
Range—Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa islands, California.
Specimens examined from the following locality: Santa
Cruz Island, 19 (14 adults, 5 juvenals).
Distinguishing characters—Most nearly like T. b. charien-
turus of the adjacent mainland, from which it is but slightly
differentiated. In coloration the dorsal surface and flanks are
of a somewhat darker brown than is the mode in the mainland
form. ‘Tail usually shorter than wing; in just one of the adults
at hand is it the reverse. In charientwrus the tail is generally
longer than the wing.
Remarks—The Santa Cruz Wren is apparently one of the
most illy defined of any of the described forms of Thryomanes
bewicki. The available series affords satisfactory material for
comparison, containing four September specimens in newly
acquired winter plumage, others taken in early spring, before
becoming excessively worn, and some juvenals. Judging from
these specimens this island form has become but slightly dif-
ferentiated from the mainland race. I am able to appreciate
the average slightly darker coloration of upper surface and
flanks, but it is covered in the range of variation shown by
mainland charienturus, occasional individuals of the latter be-
ing quite as dark.
The difference in proportions is perhaps the most tangible
character, for the proportionately shorter tail of nesophilus is
evident upon measurement. It is perhaps noteworthy that the
slight differences serving to distinguish nesophilus from chari-
enturus are steps in the direction of spilurus, the slightly more
reddish dorsal coloration, darker flanks, and shorter tail, be-
ing just the characteristics encountered in birds occupying the
intermediate coastal region between the ranges of charienturus
and spilurus. The mainland nearest to Santa Cruz Island
forms part of this intermediate region.
Thryomanes bewicki cataline Grinnell
Type locality—Avalon, Santa Catalina Island, California.
Range—Santa Catalina Island, California.
Vor. VI) SWARTH—RACES OF BEWICK WREN 79
Specimens examined from the following locality: Santa
Catalina Island, 14.
Distinguishing characters—Closely similar to the mainland
form charienturus, but averaging slightly darker dorsally, and
with somewhat heavier bill and feet.
Remarks—The peculiarities of the Santa Catalina Island
Wren had been already commented upon (Oberholser, 1898,
p. 436) before Grinnell (1910, p. 308) affixed a name to the
race. The differences distinguishing this form from charien-
turus of the neighboring mainland, however, are but slight,
barely sufficient to indicate average distinctions in series from
the two regions. Of the skins at hand, 13 are adults, mostly
in winter plumage, fresh and unworn. These show the color
difference claimed for the race, as well as differences of pro-
portions, and, admitting that these differential characters are
not trenchant, still they exist, and their existence justifies the
use of a separate name, especially in an insular form.
Thryomanes bewicki leucophrys (Anthony)
Type locality—San Clemente Island, California.
Range—San Clemente Island, California.
Specimens examined from the following locality: San
Clemente Island, 23.
Distinguishing characters—In coloration leucophrys is not-
iceably grayish as compared with the darker colored neighbor-
ing races, cataline, nesophilus and charienturus. In its pale
color leucophrys thus approaches eremophilus, but is easily dis-
tinguishable by size and proportions; leucophrys has shorter
wings and tail, and longer bill. It also has tail shorter than
wing, while in eremophilus the reverse is true. The broader
superciliary stripe of leucophrys is diagnostic.
Remarks—The San Clemente Wren is a strongly marked
form presenting various points of difference easily appreciated
by the most casual observer. The generally pale coloration is
apparent in the juvenal as in the adult plumage, and the
broader and more conspicuous superciliary stripe is also a
feature in the juvenal plumage.
80 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
The series available contains 10 adults and 13 juvenals.
The adults are all spring and summer birds, more or less worn
and faded, there being no fresh autumnal specimens in the lot.
Fall birds are probably more rufescent.
Thryomanes bewicki eremophilus Oberholser
Type locality—Big Hatchet Mountains, Grant County,
New Mexico.
Range in California—The part of California known to be
occupied by this form during the breeding season is limited to
the higher mountains of the desert regions of the eastern part
of the state in Inyo and Mono counties, and on the east slope
of the Sierra Nevada from Lone Pine Creek an undetermined
distance northward. In winter it occurs over the breadth of
the Mohave and Colorado deserts, westward to the Piute
Mountains and to Palm Springs.
Specimens examined from the following localities: Cali-
fornia. Inyo County: Inyo Mountains, 2; Kearsarge Pass,
1; Lone Pine Creek, 1; Little Cottonwood Creek, 1. Kern
County: Piute Mountains, 1. Riverside County: Palm
Springs, 1. Colorado River between Needles and Riverside
Mountain, 9. Arizona: Fort Mohave, 3; Huachuca Moun-
tains, 33; Chiricahua Mountains, 6; Fort Lowell, 13; Santa
Cruz River near Tucson, 1. Total, 72.
Distinguishing characters—Largest of the California forms
of Thryomanes (see table). Tail longer than wing. Colora-
tion pallid, the palest colored of the California subspecies of
the genus.
Remarks—The series here accumulated from different
points in southeastern California presents certain peculiarities
of appearance that suggest the possibility of these birds repre-
senting a form recognizably distinct from typical eremophilus.
In general the California birds appear to be slightly darker
dorsally and on the flanks, and slightly smaller, with propor-
tionately shorter tail. Also in the California birds the ground
color of the black-barred central rectrices is usually brownish,
where in specimens from Arizona it is more decidedly gray;
in the California birds there is a tendency toward a dusky, un-
81
SWARTH—RACES OF BEWICK WREN
Vor. VI)
(0"
(0°
“€1-0' ZT)
“€T-0° TT)
“€T-0'2T)
‘@1-0'TT)
KoE-OFED)
“¢1-S'TT)
“Z1-0° ZT)
“€1-S' TT)
“ZI-S OT)
coT—Onny)
“€T-0' TT)
FI-S ZT)
tI-0'€T)
6°TT
Lit
Ltt
SrA §
caer
O'eT
Ae[Q gnoyis
201 PIPPI
(0'07-S°8T) 7° 6T
(8°61-Z'8T) T° 6T
(0°07-0'81) $°6T
(0°61T-O°L1) T'8T
(Z° 61-0 LT) TST
(Z°' 61-081) L°8T
(8°8I-O'8T) €°ST
(Z°61-0' 81) FST
($°6T-0'°8T) L°ST
($°61-@' LT) SST
(0'0Z-0'8T) 0°6T
(0°'O@-S'8T) T°6T
(0'07-0°81) €°6T
SOASUVL
(S'ST-O'FT) L°FT
(Z°ST-O'FT) L'FT
(O'9I-S'°#T) 7ST
(O'SI-Z'€T) 6°€T
(O'ST-O'ZT) 9°€T
(S°ST-S'€T) FFT
(0°ST-O'F1) €°FT
(Z'°SI-S°ET) FFT
(S'SI-O' FT) 6° FT
(O'ST-S°ET) €°FT
($°ST-O°€T) TFT
(S°ST-O' FI) 8°FT
(S°SI-O' FT) 8° FT
NAWTNO
(S°ZS-S 9%) F°6F
(0°9S-0° 8%) L°TS
($°9S-0'°7S) Z'#S
($°09-S"€S) L'LS
(0° T9-0°7S) 6°9S
($°¢S-0' 8%) FITS
(O'€S-S' Lb) L'6F
(O'#S-S' Lt) © 6F
(0'9S-Z' 0S) 9°¢€S
(Z'ZS-0' 0S) 6°0S
(0'1S-S 9%) 0° 6F
(S'SS-0' 6%) O°7ZS
(0° #S-0'° Lt) O'TS
DAL
(g°¢€S-0°0S) 1°7ZS
($'SS-O'TS) 8°7S
(O'SS-0°7S) Z'€S
tO Oraoe) TLS
0°8S-0°#S) 7Z'SS
(0’Ss-z'0S) T'¢s
(0'#S-0°0S) Z'TS
(s'¢S-0°0S) 9°TS
(¢°gs-S'0S) FU
(Ss ¢S-S'0S) 6°TS
(0° ZS-S 8%) $°OS
(0'ss-0'0S) 1:2
(Z'PS-S' TS) O*ES
ONIM
‘eres sss eIUIOTEeS ‘PuRIs] dJUSUATD URS ‘soTeUI g
S&Aygoona] *Q SaUDUuLOKAY T
Baer ecco ates BIUIOF[ED ‘PURIST ZNID vue ‘soTeUr OT
Snpiygosau *Q SaUDULOKAY T,
Set, ae BIUIOJED ‘PURIST eUITeYeO eyuUeES ‘soTeUr /
aDUIDIDI *Q SaUDUOKAY T
visnae? eae *euoziuy ‘suleyunoyy vonyoenpy ‘soleul oT
"Te" **BTUIOFTeVD UlayseayyNos ‘soyeul OT
Snjtygouada *Q SaUDUOKAY T
: * BIUIOFVOS
‘epeaon| BIIOIS ye1jyuao ‘Geer T ‘soyeur 9) synpe L
Ee eae ® "BIULOJIED ‘Aa][eA OJUSUIVIOVS ‘saTeUl OT
SnIa0UKAP “GQ SAUDMOKAY T
‘Teg ‘selqunoo sajesuy soy pue apisioary ‘sayeur OT
SNANJUGTADYI °Q SAUDULOKAY T,
‘leq ‘Avg Aalaquoyy pue Avg oosiouvly ues ‘soyeul OT
SNANILGS *Q SAUDULOKAY T
*eIULOJED ‘satzuNoo ulleyY puv ypjoquinyy ‘sayeur OT
SISUGULTADUL *Q SAUDUOKAY T
** "089109 pue UOJUTYSEe AA JO 4SPOO ‘saTeUT 6
“cos BIGUIN[OD Ysiiig ‘pue[sy JoAnooue, ‘soyeur /
SnuoygojD? *q sauDuokAy T
INDIMYI SANVWOAYHL
4O SHOWA LSVOO O1WIOVd JO (NNWIXVIW ANV WOWINIW ‘ADVAFAV) SHALAWNITIIN NI SLINANGMASVAWN
82 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
barred area at the tip, as shown in a considerable proportion
of specimens.
In southeastern Arizona eremophilus is a common resi-
dent of both the Upper and Lower Sonoran zones, being
abundant in the Lower Sonoran river valleys. In eastern Cal-
ifornia this wren appears to breed only in Upper Sonoran, mi-
grating down into Lower Sonoran in the winter months. It
is, I believe, the only California wren of this genus that has
truly migratory habits.
That individuals of the species should be found in the
valley of the Colorado River, at the western boundary of
Arizona, in winter only (Grinnell, 1914, p. 209), while the
species is resident the year through in valleys of similar zonal
character in the eastern part of the state, argues, it seems to
me, that these sets of individuals represent two entirely sepa-
rate aggregations, two distinct subspecies, if we wish to call
them so. Furthermore, observations so far made as regards
other species show that the valley of the Colorado does not serve
as a winter home for birds from the colder country to the
eastward. The transient winter population of this valley seems
to come almost entirely from the Great Basin region to the
northward, with its surrounding mountains, and it is fair to
assume that these winter visiting wrens are also from that re-
gion. The slight differential characters apparent, as enumer-
ated above, appear to bear out this assumption.
Personally I believe that there are at least two separate
forms included under the term eremophilus as now used, one
occurring in the Great Basin region of southern Nevada and
eastern California, migrating over the Colorado and Mohave
deserts in winter, the other represented by the resident bird
of southeastern Arizona. Additional material is needed from
California, in the nature of fresh autumnal and early spring
specimens from breeding stations, more clearly to demonstrate
the presence of differentiating characters. In the absence of
such material, and bearing in mind the variability shown by the
wrens of this genus where different subspecies meet, it seems
advisable to refrain from formally affixing a name to the pos-
sibly recognizable California race. It is significant in this con-
nection to note that in proportion as California specimens of
Vor. VIJ SWARTH—RACES OF BEWICK WREN 83
eremophilus differ from the mode of that subspecies, so do they
approach charienturus or drymoccus.
There is a specimen of the Desert Wren at hand collected
in the Piute Mountains, Kern County, September 6, 1903. As
noted previously in this paper, under charienturus, examples
of the latter race were taken in winter in the same mountain
range; and circumstances make it appear that charienturus is
the resident form. With little doubt eremophilus is but a
migrant or winter visitant at this point. There is at hand an-
other example of this subspecies from Palm Springs, Riverside
County, taken December 30, 1903. The Desert Wren thus
ranges in winter over the breadth of the Colorado Desert, and
probably over the Mohave Desert as well, but it evidently is
rare at the western borders of these tracts. Considerable win-
ter collecting at points on the Mohave River, as at Victorville
and Yermo, has failed to disclose its presence there, and the
one specimen from Palm Springs is the only example recorded
from the latter station. Apparently the bottom lands of the
Colorado River form the main winter home of the species
in this region.
The series of skins from southeastern Arizona contains an
excellent representation of both adults and juvenals, taken at
all seasons of the year. The individuals of this series, al-
though true in the main to the characteristics of the race, ex-
hibit a certain amount of variation, apparently to be explained
only as due to individual peculiarities. This is true of both
adults and juvenals. As having bearing upon the extremes
of variation encountered, mention might be made of the re-
corded occurrence of drymoecus at Calabasas, southern Ari-
zona (Oberholser, 1898, p. 438). In the series before me
there is a single individual taken in the Chiricahua Mountains,
Arizona, October 27, 1914 (no. 2538, coll. of J. E. Law),
that might be considered as belonging in the same category.
This last mentioned bird is short tailed and rather dark col-
ored, being not unlike certain examples of drymoecus in ap-
pearance, while it is even darker colored than selected speci-
mens of charienturus. While this specimen in certain respects
thus bears a casual resemblance to some California birds rather
than to typical eremophilus, 1 cannot believe that it belongs
to the race drymoecus, in the sense that this is an individual
84 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
that has actually traveled from central California to southeast-
ern Arizona. Such action would be so remarkably at variance
with all known conditions prevailing among the subspecies of
Thryomanes of the central valley and coast regions of Cali-
fornia that I do not for a moment consider that it is to be
taken into account in explaining this circumstance.
As affording additional evidence to the contrary, there is in
my series a molting bird taken in the Huachuca Mountains,
Arizona, August 17, 1902 (no. 3082, Swarth coll.). This
specimen, covered with pin feathers, and with rectrices and
remiges but partly grown, is assuming a dorsal coloration
far more rufescent than the average of eremophilus, freshly
molted birds being used in comparison, and it is closely simi-
lar to the Chiricahua Mountain bird just described. Yet there
can be but little doubt that this individual was in its summer
home when captured, and that it is representative of an extreme
of color variation occasionally reached in the subspecies
eremo philus.
LITERATURE CIvED
AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ UNION CoMMITTEE, J. A. Allen,
Chairman and Editor.
1901. Tenth supplement to the American Ornithologists’
Union Check-list of North American birds.
Auk, 18, pp. 295-320.
1910. Check-list of North American birds. Ed. 3, re-
vised (New York, American Ornithologists’
Union), 430 pp., 2 maps.
BENDIRE, C.
1877. Notes on some of the birds found in southeastern
Oregon, particularly in the vicinity of Camp
Harney, from November, 1874, to January,
18775) Proc, Boston. Soc. Nat. Hist. 19,7 pp.
109-149.
GRINNELL, J.
1901. Midwinter birds at Barstow. Condor, 3, pp. 70-71.
1908. The biota of the San Bernardino Mountains. Univ.
Calif. Publ. Zool., 5, pp. 1-170, pls. 1-24.
Vor. VI] SWARTH—RACES OF BEWICK WREN 85
1910. Two heretofore unnamed wrens of the genus
Thryomanes. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., 5, pp.
307-309.
1914. An account of the mammals and birds of the lower
Colorado Valley with especial reference to the
distributional problems presented. Univ. Calif.
Publ. Zool., 12, pp. 51-294, pls. 3-13, 9 text figs.
MAILLIARD, J., with GRINNELL, J.
1905. Midwinter birds on the Mojave Desert. Condor,
7, pp. 71-77, 101-102.
OBERHOLSER, H. C.
1898. A revision of the wrens of the genus Thryomanes
Sclater. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 21, pp. 421-450.
Ripeway, R.
1904. The birds of North and Middle America. U.
S. Nat. Mus., Bull. 50, part 3, pp. xx+801,
19 pls.
SwartH, H. S.
1914. The California forms of the genus Psaltriparus.
Auk, 31, pp. 499-526, pl. XL.
ve
Py ye :
He oft
sats us
a* el)
i nf
t
i
0
4
PROCEEDINGS
Fourth Series
VOLUME I!
Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the
Galapagos Islands, 1905-1906.
Pages 1-6. I, Preliminary Description of Four New Races of
Gigantic Land Tortoises from the Galapagos Islands. By John
Van Denburgh, (/ssued December 20, 1907)....++++ Sia oe oe
Pages 7-288. II. A Botanical Survey of the Galapagos Islands.
By Alban Stewart. Plates1-x1x. (/ssued January 2, 1911)...
Pages 289-322. III. The Butterflies and Hawk-Moths of the
Galapagos Islands. By Francis X. Williams. Plates Xx-xxXI.
{ef SS4h eid 5. coagulatus Uhl.
—, Membrane without alternating black and white markings at tip of
Hhre CUMS 5) Heist k Se Lic ised aeatcnetare se ate teue & te batians ate is tein ya ib eies lotrel oumteelotevere rats 8.
8, Upper surface with minute pale pubescence; apical antennal joints in-
FISCACO : 5 iadiecsistetaarerape ou cine eosin cis potave ta nie stain etede ene wate eile Sieve oioee Cates 9.
—, Upper surface ‘with dark fuscous or black pubescence,.............. ne
9. Smaller (44%mm.); first antennal joint thicker, obviously shorter
than the head viewed from above; sinistral hook of the male genitalia
short, scarcely longer than the dextral, MierePNaRats 10. translucens Tuck.
—, barge: (5-5%4mm.); first antennal joint obviously as long as the
head es ese ieiere reise ro ci ohare Guo eeetel oe otcheti hc cela tada sue veyaindaiioucneeyai arenuske tense ie tevelers 10.
10, Basal joint of the antenne fulvo-testaceous like the second joint; dex-
tral hook of the male genitalia small, ligulate; sinistral long, curved
Allg) “ACUIMIMALE STW ESECIUNS o ciate ie latticis ace: «0's » 0 0:>, 0's 00 ine 9. uniformis, n. sp.
—, Basal joint of the antenne brown, the second fulvo-testaceous; dextral
hook of the male genitalia large and broad-triangular; sinistral linear
and straignt rather wong CaStertis): 5 cis isis + sere'aiss tiers 12. viridis, n. sp.
11, Elytra surpassing the abdomen by nearly one-half its length; abdomen
in the male reaching to just beyond the base of the cuneus; antenne
and membrane slightly infuscated,................ 8. fraternus, n. sp.
—, Elytra shorter, the abdomen of the male reaching well toward the apex
OPMEME CRUEL. ation Mises cfs ie eisssiste mci or one baniw aise io stevensie isis’ eieic s/n si'erayaie exe 12:
12, Upper surface clothed with deciduous black hairs which are in part
flattened and conspicuous; color pale bluish-green; vertex broadly
ICN CSSEG AE eerie a inne oie aie sieseaenereicioinrmjate are walloielsteiote 3. ferOxe i. Si
—, Upper surface clothed with a less conspicuous vestiture, the hairs not
large and flattened; color a yellowish-green; transverse basal depres-
BIONFOM THEN VELCER NALLOW., clots cicieicie ciovaroteysials ayeunicietsreriem cisinieicr ones 13:
13, Areoles of the membrane pale green; elytra with clusters of white
hairs intermixed with dark ones,............. 6. flavosparsus Sahlbg.
—, Areoles of the membrane concolorous; elytra without pale hairs in-
termixednwithathe danke Ones ecicicie cecil eines 7. chlorionis Say.
14, Form ovate as in Lygus campestris nearly; color a uniform whitish
of fusco-testaceous, head and callosities tinged with yellowish,........
PENN HOC RA NOON Pant A Am TER Gata taatatere oleae 15. catulus, n. sp.
_ More elongated species; elytra with fuscous areas more or less marked,
or at times entirely black, bina Bae Meren creed nishaye te are eens oe erat ase 15.
15, Color whitish-testaceous, fuscous markings of the elytra very faint or
neatly obsolete, in. the females i0 oc (-0.0 sors «0205.00 ole ste sis wleisieisistns 16.
—, Ground color sometimes pale greenish or yellowish, the dark elytral
markings always distinct, or the whole insect may become pars
Dyce Pe eieve oycishsrousy Wished otoqnere take ore mre PR ToL rae i Siav rer» hae leican\eleveiannsiRieis hasdateions 1
16 sWithout black markings, the ‘disk of the head and the pronotum behind
the callosities sometimes with a faint fuscous cloud in the male; mem-
brane with a faint ray beyond the areole; antenne pale,............
erie MESON Ts PA pve pa Soe nO a Nh Ale Ree ce 16. languidus, n. sp.
—, Median line of the front, vertex and scutellum, lateral margins of the
pronotum and the sides of the body beneath black; membrane slightly
infuscated with the nervure brown; antenne blackish,................
Givayovaters avatars ior tava evabeuntetererey evade tele iehereiee rite retelerclefcrisis eters 32. candidatus, n. p.
17, Body uniformly ‘fuscous, the ‘sides of the venter darker; length
GIN Soc: oo Gas Rerstche eam ine mek res oa on amine ne ernie 34. fumidus, n. sp.
—, Body never uniformly fuscous, the elytra with at least the costal nerv-
reir a vitta itterior fO;1t Paley e)icies eG aiekte tem nisione colo eee as 18.
18, Elytra with the costal and commissural nervures and base of the cuneus
slenderly pale, otherwise fuscous-brown above; length 7mm.,.........
GIN leteiictesehctalA'e aia, ci'c'at atl wilde, als atalminirayal stamens afers,o5) Sichee ere 33. necopinus, n. sp.
Vor. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 91
19,
-
, Elytra with more than the costal and commissural nervures pale ; eee
REAR Toh ORIIIE ooo of ca 0) 9: gsi ol nhac v shave oie Gin a Ooh Ste TAT eee nace 19.
Costal nervure black with a pale vitta between it and the dark dorsal
vitta, or it may be dark on the dark areas without a pale vitta in-
POPTOG Ona Beare dite pln ioyst siapsinan (ei ol @ 8 6.0.01 boar eretocdla of ete Stee apa at ee eee 31
Costal nervure pale and forming part of a pale costal vitta,........ 20.
Disk of the pronotum pale with the lateral margins covered by a linear
black vitta, the pale disk narrowing anteriorly)./ij..00eecae b ee 29.
Disk of the pronotum sometimes with a broad pale median vitta, but
then with the humeral angles and usually the sides pale,.......... 7a
Pronotum with the anterior lobe infuscated, the posterior lobe more
or less distinctly pale, usually divided by a dark median vitta,...... 30.
Pronotum with the anterior lobe usually pale, never infuscated with
the disk of the posterior lobe pale, ssi. 6s Sica sca bie cee ou eee 22}
Membrane vittate, more or less hyaline with a darker ray beyond the
EEE OIC MI pene ere oraV to eet ees ake oie Fw om She chk s dine. als Srais eyelet vranteee 23:
Membrane uniformly infuscated, without a darker ray beyond the a
Cal ORM mn ee a eeetebstel visto Setar ata) clalstialecatala @ cals ake cies eldis.s) «ve -srsl'ele Chelsie tle e aims 24.
Areole of the membrane hyaline, the vitta beyond the areole evident;
color of body clear pale green with a line on the hind margin of the
pronotum and a spot behind the callosities black; a vitta on the clavus
and spot near the inner angle of the corium fuscous,..............-
Ba ce aca eae eo Ree caret exe io iat eek che aiicta ties 17. formosus, n. Sp.
Areole of the membrane more deeply infuscated than the adjoining
surface, body more or less infuscated, the base of the corium, the
cuneus and usually the median line of the pronotum pale,............
Beisterecta etal eke oie Sate cls er atolei ci sohaie ess Sokstoes Ga, 316: Fieve! es 8 ue) 30. ornatus, n. sp.
Nearly the whole surface including the legs black or blackish, the
costal margin, ventral vitta, coxe and trochanters only pale,..........
ASTRO Ay ere Sire Sree ENV ATe sae est Se ettcisl eaenies chat whey = dye; aie: $5 fore 26. pullatus, n. sp.
The legs, at least; pale or but little infuscated,.....56..6.:.0-c%0- 25.
Callosities pale or they are the last portion of the pronotum to become
invaded with black; vertex often black, when pale without a trans-
Versesblackwinank Om e1ther (SIGs stele ereycrics clas ovis (srerclaicle o/s 4 sisi olayoteale 26.
Callosities black or they are the first part of the pronotum to become
invaded with black; vertex pale with a transverse black mark on
CUTEST ASLO en crete ene eater eer tenet e ciue ha ees ore hanere reran eine ial dis, Nisvar tere eine os 28.
Antenne black in both sexes; genital hooks of the male pale; the male
generally with a pale dorsal vitta on the pronotum, 20. marginatus Uhl.
Antenne pale in the female, fuscous or black in the male; genital
haoksuosathertmalemblackn pena actelnc ciers & srelomelals, cielepaileveate see ee 27.
Pronotal markings transverse; when the pronotum is all black the
second antennal joint of the male is rufo-testaceous, 18. modestus, n. sp.
Pronotal markings longitudinal; when the pronotum is all black the
second antennal joint of the male is black,.......... 19. dorsalis Prov.
Smaller (5mm.); body beneath mostly black; front black or mostly
SOs ps per careters cc wrera ene tereneatcievel eave e mene ech « PME ICSE 5 21. molliculus, n. sp.
Larger (6mm.); body beneath mostly pale; front pale with a black
ALC EIENET ISIME se recite erste ninvelers Sorin cuarticre ereietetetee eee 22. affiis, n. sp.
Smaller (4mm.) ; second antennal joint short, not longer than the third
and fourth tOSether,, cersiieveicreherets oe ciel clels syauereen eee 28. lateralis, n. sp.
Larger (5mm.); second antennal joint long, distinctly longer than the
thirdand founth torethers «cscs sie lel cletereen raters 27. cruciatus, n. sp.
Sutural margin of the corium with a wedge-shaped pale mark,........
A oye cucions, aieka slats tofayenes ob siotetere cee lojarslerets a) sete eke MEE eRe 23. angulatus Uhl.
Sutural margin of the corium with a linear pale mark,................
Perey oepesncc ecole OS a: Sie! aratrer Miele hai oh os oF ahs Cov meh ods 24. angulatus brunneus, n. subsp.
92 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
31, Costal nervure concolorous, dark against the dark areas; elytra black-
ish, the base of the cuneus and a wedge-shaped mark along the claval
SULUTE. “Pale; © ars-2-c- si sihateecone ede este isiale pinieiiric eye aie iniels 25. cuneatus, n. sp.
—, Costal nervure black with a pale vitta between it and the black dorsal
WICC Lares arttons venstenevaile loneletarerateehetwaviee eaeralats Ptter eisai le bone herein crate Sater eee 32.
32, Ground color above fulvous or canon elytra black, the fulvous bor-
der of the corium not attaining the costa, the extreme edge being
black Ao Ac ecnete ace wee tie ee see ietnueeee bere oe rereee es Ole submarginatus Say.
—, Elytra black with a subcostal whitish vitta covering most of the
cuneus ; posterior disk of the pronotum and the legs fulvous,..........
haul freee aha ne dabei ne rel cite emer Rr enlemectrpeicels a cyerein sees eee 29. knighti, n. sp.
Group I (Subgenus Orthotylus Fieb.)
1. Orthotylus insignis, new species.
Larger and more slender than any allied species ; elongated
or elliptical; bright grass-green becoming yellowish about the
head and base of the femora; first joint of the antennz yellow-
ish with its immediate base conspicuously black, length 5-6mm.,
width 11%4mm.
Vertex much depressed posteriorly, leaving the basal carina
strongly elevated; front but moderately convex. Eyes promi-
nent, viewed from the side shorter than in the allied forms.
Antenne unusually long, about reaching to the apex of the
membrane; basal joint longer than the head in the female,
much longer in the male; second joint two and a half times the
length of the first; third about two-thirds the length of the sec-
ond; fourth shorter than the first. Rostrum short, not attain-
ing the apex of the intermediate coxz. Pronotum short, flat,
showing a median carina and lateral carinate margins; deeply
impressed around the prominent callosities, thus making the
anterior margin appear thickened; sides strongly oblique, the
anterior angles broadly rounded. Elytra long, elliptical in the
female, the tip of the cuneus scarcely surpassing the tip of the
abdomen; in the male nearly parallel, the costal margin very
gently arcuated, the corium a little surpassing the tip of the
abdomen. Legs unusually long and slender, the tibiz with a
few weak bristles.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia very large, recurved
from near its base, where there is an acute projection from the
inner angle, the upper member greatly produced in a long
curved brown spine-like process almost attaining the opposite
Vor. VI) VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS .- 93
wall of the pygofers; sinistral hook long, white and terete,
curved around horizontally concentric with the sinistral wall
of the genital segment.
Color a clear bluish-green, becoming yellowish on the head,
pronotum and beneath; clothed above with short, black, decid-
uous hairs; antennz pale, the base of the first joint narrowly
deep ‘black, the apical joints infuscated. Elytra immaculate,
the membrane with pale nervures. Tibiz pale clothed with
minute black hairs, the tarsi black.
Described from one male and two female examples taken
by me at the upper end of Fallen Leaf Lake, Calif., July 24,
1915. This pretty species is unusually large and slender and in
some points is not typical of this genus.
Type, male, in the collection of the University of Califor-
nia. Allotype (No. 301) in the Museum of the California
Academy of Sciences. Paratype in collection of the Univer-
sity of California.
2. Orthotylus tibialis, new species.
Form of Labopidea nigripes nearly, but much smaller ; blu-
ish-green, conspicuously clothed with black deciduous hairs;
antenne, tibiz, and tergum black. Length 444mm. to tip
of membrane.
Head large, vertical; eyes small, bead-like; viewed from
the side, short, scarcely surpassing the insertion of the an-
tennz, narrowed below, little longer than broad. Vertex with
a large triangular impressed area; basal carina prominent.
Front strongly convex; clypeus small, prominent. Pronotum
short, transverse, its length distinctly less than one-half its
basal breadth; callosities prominent, elongated. Basal joint of
the antenne longer than the head, much thickened almost to
the base; second about three times the length of the first. Ely-
tra of the male long, the costa moderately arcuated, the apex of
the abdomen reaching to the tip of the corium. Elytra of the
female hardly attaining the apex of the abdomen, the costa well
arcuated, giving the insect an ovate form, broadest beyond the
tip of the clavus, the membrane but little surpassing the tip of
the cuneus.
94 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia broad at base, upcurved
and attenuated at apex; sinistral hook short and strap-shaped,
lying along the edge of the pygofer.
Color dull bluish-green, conspicuously clothed with coarse
black deciduous hairs. Head and lower surface paler. An-
tenn, apex of the rostrum and the tibiz and tarsi deep black ;
tergum black, becoming green toward the margin.
Described from numerous examples taken about the lower
end of Fallen Leaf Lake, near Lake Tahoe, Calif., July, 1915.
The conspicuously black tibiz and antennz will readily locate
this distinct species.
Type, male, and allotype in collection of the University of
California. Paratypes in collections of the Museum of Cali-
fornia Academy of Sciences (nos. 302-304), University of
California and in author’s collection.
3. Orthotylus ferox, new species.
Form and size of flavosparsus, nearly; color a pale faded
green, clothed with stout black hairs when fresh. Length
3%mm. to tip of membrane.
Head short, vertical. Eyes small; viewed from the side,
vertical, but little longer than wide, narrowed to an angle be-
low, not reaching much beyond the middle of the side of the
head. Vertex broad, basal impression broad and shallow, the
basal carina prominent, obtuse, sinuated. Front prominent,
convex, its sutures deep; facial angle rounded. Antennz short ;
first joint shorter than the dorsal aspect of the head. Pro-
notum short, transverse, its length about one-half its basal
width; sides straight, the angles weli rounded; anterior mar-
gin concavely sinuated ; callosities prominent. Scutellum small,
the basal lobe covered. Elytra moderately broad, the costa
feebly arcuated. Abdomen passing the middle of the cuneus in
the male, nearly attaining the apex in the female. Tibize with
the longer bristles black. Whole upper surface clothed with
coarse appressed black hairs, which are easily rubbed off.
Male genital characters much like those of tibialis, but the
pieces are less curved and less interlocked; the dextral hook
narrower and more acute; the sinistral lying close to the edge
of the segment.
Vor. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 95
Color pale bluish-green with a whitish aspect when de-
nuded. Scutellum, head, lower surface and legs, and some-
times the callosities, yellowish. Membrane faintly fuliginous,
the nervures paler. Antennz infuscated nearly to the base of
the second joint, the basal pale. Tibial bristles and apex of the
tarsi black.
Described from numerous specimens taken in San Diego
County, Calif., as follows: Alpine, March to April; Balboa
Park, San Diego, April; El Cajon Valley, May first. This in-
sect has much the aspect of tibialis and quite similar genital
characters, but the females are less oval and the antenne are
pale instead of black. This and the three following species
have the vertex broader with much smaller and less prominent
eyes.
Type, male, and allotype in author’s collection. Paratypes
in Museum of California Academy of Sciences (305, 306), col-
lection of the University of California and in author’s collec-
tion.
4. Orthotylus viridicatus Uhler.
Form of coagulatus ; clothed above with coarse black decid-
uous hairs; membrane blackish with the nervures at the apex
of the areoles conspicuously white. Length 414mm.
Head smaller than in the allied species with the eyes large
and prominent, especially in the males. Vertex flat, distinctly,
angularly impressed before the prominent basal carina; front
but slightly convex. Clypeus very prominent, its base dis-
tinctly below the line of the antenne. Eyes, viewed from the
side, much longer than broad, angled below, reaching over half-
way to the gula. Antenne short, the second joint scarcely
longer than the basal width of the pronotum. Pronotum short,
transverse; sides scarcely arcuated, the anterior angles well
rounded ; callosities prominent, convex. Elytra rather short,
the abdomen reaching to about the middle of the cuneus in the
male, to beyond its tip in the female.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia long protruding, terete,
its end rounded and not at all narrowed; sinistral hook broad,
curved, parallel with the lower margin of the pygofers, its acute
apex curved inward.
6 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47TH SER.
Color, a bluish-green in mature examples, becoming: yel-
lowish on the callosities and head, and paler beneath; above
clothed with deciduous pale hairs intermixed with thick black
ones. Vertex and pronotum with a pale median line more or
less apparent. Basal joint of the antennz green, second darker,
the third and fourth infuscated. Tuibiz a little darker, the apical
half of the tarsi black. Membrane deeply infuscated, the nerv-
ures thickened and white below the base of the smaller areole.
The types of this species were from Colorado and New
Mexico. I have seen specimens from Idaho and took it in
abundance in San Diego County, Calif., during March, April
and May, and it was not uncommon about Fallen Leaf Lake,
Calif., at lower levels (between 6,000 and 7,000 feet). So far
as I can now tell, my material was all taken on the sage brush,
Artemesia, spp. The blackish membrane marked with con-
spicuous white nervures will distinguish this pretty species from
its nearest relatives.
5. Orthotylus coagulatus Uhler.
Size and aspect of flavosparsus nearly, but with the head
narrower and the eyes larger and more prominent; pale green,
clothed with minute whitish pubescence and longer black hairs ;
membrane with a fuscous spot beyond the areoles. Length
414mm, to tip of the membrane.
Head rather small, viewed from above, acutely angled at
apex. Vertex in the female about three times as wide as the
eyes; flattened toward the base, leaving the basal carina sharp
and prominent across its whole width; in the male narrower,
hardly twice as wide as the large eyes, with the base scarcely
impressed and the carina less prominent. Clypeus large and
very prominent. Antenne long and slender, the basal joint
scarcely as long as the head, surpassing the tylus by one-half
its length; third but little shorter than the second. Pronotum
short; sides straight or feebly concave in the male; callosities
prominent. Elytra moderately long, the tip of the abdomen
reaching to the middle of the cuneus in the male, sometimes
surpassing its apex in the female.
Vou. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 97
Dextral hook of the male genital segment short, knob-iike ;
the sinistral large, convex, filling the excavation at the apex of
the genital segment; its apex broadly rounded.
Color pale green, becoming yellowish, especially on the head
and beneath; the color on the elytra apparently coagulated so
as to leave irregular pale spots and marks. Vertex and pro-
notum sometimes with a continuous pale median line. An-
tennz and legs soiled yellowish; the tibial bristles, tips of the
tibize and apical one-half of the tarsi black. Membrane slightly
enfumed at apex; apical inner edge of the larger areole broadly
green or fuscous; at the tip of the cuneus is a white area fol-
lowed by a distinct fuscous cloud. Upper surface clothed with
minute pale pubescence and longer black hairs, all of which
are easily rubbed off.
The types were from Colorado. I found it quite common in
that state and have taken a few in San Diego County, Calif.,
at Lakeside and Alpine, and Mr. H. G. Barber has kindly sent
me a specimen from the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona, taken
July 20. The mottled aspect of the elytra and the variegated
membrane will distinguish this species.
6. Orthotylus flavosparsus Sahlberg.
Small, oblong-ovate; clear green, becoming yellowish on
the callosities, head and lower surface; membrane slightly en-
fumed, with the surface of the areoles pale green. Length 4mm.
to tip of membrane.
Head about as in viridicatus, small with the eyes prominent
in the male, less so in the female. Vertex flat with a median
areolate depression before the prominent basal carina, less con-
spicuous in the female. Front but moderately convex, the
clypeus small with its base rather above the line of the an-
tennz. Antenne short, the basal joint unusually short. Pro-
notum as in the allied species, short and flat with prominent cal-
losities. Elytra short, the apex of the abdomen in the male
reaching to the middle of the cuneus, nearly to the apex of the
membrane in the female.
Dextral hook of the male genital segment minute, rounded ;
sinistral rather large, broad at base, much extended outwardly
98 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Serr.
and acute at apex, the apical margin of the hook truncated
across its whole width.
Color, clear green, becoming yellowish on the callosities,
head, and lower surface, and the legs and antenne pale, the
latter somewhat infuscated beyond the basal joint; tip of the
tibiz and the tarsi brown or black. Upper surface clothed with
black hairs, interspersed with pale buff ones, the latter segre-
gated into roundish spots, giving the insect a mottled aspect
when fresh. Membrane slightly evenly infuscated, the nerv-
ures and surface of the areoles clear green.
This European species seems to be widely distributed in the
east. I have examples from Montreal, Ottawa, Lake Tema-
gami, P. Q., and Ridgeway, Ont., also from New York, New
Jersey, District of Columbia, Virginia, Ohio, and Kansas. It
may at once be distinguished from its allies by the green sur-
face of its areoles and the peculiar yellowish mottled aspect of
the fresh examples.
7. Orthotylus chlorionis Say.
Closely allied to the preceding; clear green, clothed above
with minute fuscous hairs, but without an intermixture of pale
ones, at least in any of the numerous specimens I have seen;
membranal areoles concolorous. Length 34%4-4mm. to tip of
the membrane.
Head as in the preceding, but with the vertex and front
somewhat fuller ; the basal depression of the vertex narrow, ill-
defined before, the basal carina prominent. Antennz short,
the first joint shorter than the head. Pronotum short, the sides
straight, with the anterior angles well rounded. Callosities
bounded by a sharp depressed line behind, not as prominent
as in the allied species. Elytra rather short, the abdomen
reaching to about the tip of the cuneus in both sexes. Tibial
bristles short and weak, not longer than the thickness of the
joint.
Male genital pieces very small, the dextral hook hardly
more than twice longer than broad, ligulate; sinistral curved,
narrow, parallel, lying along the ventral edge of the genital
segment.
Vor. VI) VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 99
Color a uniform clear green, becoming yellowish on thé
callosities, head and beneath. Antennz and legs dull testa-
ceous, the apex of the antennz somewhat infuscated. Mem-
brane moderately infuscated, iridescent, the nervures green,
vestiture of the upper surface minute and sparse, fuscous.
Say’s material was from Indiana. I possess examples from
Quebec, District of Columbia and California. This pale green
little species may be distinguished from flavosparsus by the
concolorous areoles and the want of intermixed pale hairs;
from fraternus and uniformis, by the shorter elytra, and from
translucens, by the dark vestiture and the genital characters of
the male.
8. Orthotylus fraternus, new species.
Very close to translucens, but with longer elytra clothed
with fuscous instead of pale hairs. Length 4mm. to tip of
the elytra.
Head substantially as in translucens, but with a transverse
linear impression before the basal carina. Antennz obviously
more slender. Pronotum shorter than in the allied species, the
sides feebly concavely arcuated with the angles more rounded.
Elytra longer, the apex of the abdomen not surpassing the tip
of the corium, the cuneus noticeably longer. The male genital
characters are very close to those of translucens, but there are
some differences. The dextral hook is more clavate at apex,
the sinistral more curved and less inflated and the ventral as-
pect of the genital segment is shorter and less acutely pro-
duced.
The color of the present species is distinctly darker and
more olive green, becoming yellowish toward the costa; the an-
tennz are darker throughout, the hairs on the upper surface are
distinctly fuscous instead of pale, and the longer bristles of
the tibiz are blackish.
Described from five male examples taken at La Jolla, Calif.,
April 29, 1914; Alpine, San Diego County, Calif., June 5,
1913, and Pasadena, Calif., in May. This species I place next
to chlorionis on account of its fuscous vestiture, but it is very
close to translucens, although I believe it quite distinct. The
genital characters are of little value here, but the darker color,
longer elytra, fuscous vestiture, slender cuneus, more slender
100 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
and dusky antennz and the linear impression on the base of
the vertex will certainly distinguish it. I have one female
taken at San Diego in April, 1913, that I believe belongs here.
It has the elytra shorter, with the cuneus proportionately short-
ened and .the sides of the pronotum almost rectilinear, but it
has the same rounded pronotal angles, linear impression on the
base of the vertex, dusky antennz and fuscous vestiture.
Type, male, from Alpine, in author’s collection. Para-
types in Museum of California Academy of Sciences (No. 307)
and in author’s collection.
9. Orthotylus uniformis, new species.
Aspect of the preceding, the head and beneath becoming more
or less yellowish. Length 514-6mm. to the tip of the mem-
brane.
Head more oblique than in the allied forms, leaving the
apex more pointed when viewed from above. Eyes prominent,
rounded, viewed from the side elongated and somewhat ob-
lique. Vertex slightly flattened, the basal carina but feebly
distinguished. Front but slightly convex; clypeus prominent ;
facial angle rather less than a right angle. Pronotum strongly
narrowed before, rather flat, the callosities but little promi-
nent, sides unusually oblique, slightly concavely arcuated ; hum-
eri prominent. Elytra long, the apex of the abdomen scarcely
surpassing the base of the cuneus in the male, almost reach-
ing to its tip in the female. Rostrum long, reaching on to
the hind coxe.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia short, straight, ligulate,
its extreme apex incurved and subacute; sinistral hook long,
curved in almost a semicircle, the apex slender and acuminate.
Both hooks white in the dried specimens.
Color a uniform pale yellowish-green, becoming paler on
the callosities, head, legs and lower surface; tip of the tarsi
and of the rostrum black. Apical two joints of the antennz
infuscated. Upper surface sparingly clothed with short pale
hairs. Membrane very faintly enfumed and highly iridescent,
the nervures green.
Described from 15 examples representing both sexes, taken
about Fallen Leaf Lake near Lake Tahoe, Calif., at an alti-
Vou. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 101
tude of 6,000 to 7,000 feet, during July, 1915. This is a ten-
der pale green insect that must depend upon the characters
of the male genitalia for final identification. I have also in
my collection one pair from Salamanca, N. Y., and an exam-
ple from Phoenix, Ariz., that have the same male genitalia
and are otherwise inseparable from my Tahoe material.
Type, male, and allotype in collection of the University of
California. Paratypes in Museum of California Academy of
Sciences (Nos. 308, 309), collections of the University of Cal-
ifornia, and of the author.
10. Orthotylus translucens Tucker.
Aspect of uniformis, but smaller with the head obviously
shorter and more vertical and the first antennal joint shorter
and thicker. Length 4mm. to the tip of the membrane.
Head small, short. Eyes unusually large and prominent;
viewed from the side, ovate, reaching almost to the gula. Ver-
tex flat with a large depressed area, the basal carina prominent
but obtuse; front scarcely convex; clypeus small, the facial
angle obtuse. Antenne, first joint obviously shorter than the
head when viewed from above; the second thick, scarcely thin-
ner than the first and about four times longer. Pronotum
short, one-half as long as its basal width, the anterior angles
well rounded; callosities not prominent; basal lobe of the scu-
tellum rather broadly exposed. Elytra long, the abdomen
reaching to about the middle of the cuneus.
Male genitalia small, dextral hook short, a little widened
toward its apex; sinistral also short and spatulate, but little
longer than the dextral, its rounded apex fringed with short
hairs. The large ventral aspect of the genital segment with
a narrow subacute apex which rather surpasses the hooks.
Color clear green, becoming yellowish on the base of the
scutellum, callosities, head and beneath. Apical two joints of
the antennz and tip of the second infuscated. Knees darker
green in my examples; apex of the tarsi black. Elytral ner-
vures darker green, most pronounced on the costal edge of the
cuneus. Membrane very faintly infuscated, iridescent, the ner-
vures pale green. Upper surface sparsely clothed with short
pale hairs.
102 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
Redescribed from one pair taken on burdock growing on
the bank on Niagara River at Buffalo, N. Y., June 28, 1908,
and two males taken at Elma, N. Y., August 25, 1912.
I believe I have rightly identified Mr. Tucker’s species as
this, although certainty is impossible without reference to the
type. I know, however, of no other species that answers so
well to his description. The insects of this genus are without
a pronotal collum and Mr. Tucker must have referred to the
space anterior to the callosities as the collum.
11. Orthotylus senectus, new species.
Form of coagulatus but larger; whitish, irregularly dotted
with green above. Length 4mm. to tip of membrane.
Head a little oblique, with the eyes two-thirds the width
of the base of the pronotum. Vertex flat, twice as wide as the
eyes; basal carina straight, prominent. Front strongly con-
vex, almost overhanging the base of the clypeus. Clypeus very
prominent, strongly arcuated before. Eyes prominent, viewed
from the side reaching two-thirds the way to the gula. An-
tennz rather short, the basal joint nearly as long as the head;
third nearly or quite as long as the second. Rostrum almost
attaining the apex of the hind coxe, the first joint a little sur-
passing the base of the head. Pronotum formed as in coagu-
latus, the callosities prominent and the hind margin straight.
Basal lobe of the scutellum but moderately exposed. Elytra
as in the allied species, the costal margin gently bowing, widest
opposite the tip of the clavus. Bristles of the hind tibiz pale,
shorter than the thickness of the joint.
Color whitish tinged with green on the pronotum and elytra
and with fulvous on the head and legs; either side of the ver-
tex with a faint fulvous cloud leaving the median line white.
Posterior lobe of the pronotum and the elytra irregularly dot-
ted with bluish green points. Membrane almost white, the
nervures green. Upper surface sparsely clothed with short
pale hairs.
Described from two female examples taken by me at Pueblo
and Manitou, Colo., in July, 1900. This species is quite dis-
tinct by its whitish color dotted with green above. It doubt-
less lives on the whitish vegetation of the semi-arid districts
Vou. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 103
of Colorado. It is not impossible that the green elytral points
may bear stiff dark hairs in fresh individuals.
Type, female, in collection of the author. Paratype, fe-
male, in Museum of California Academy of Sciences (No.
310).
12. Orthotylus viridis, new species.
Form of dorsalis but with the head and pronotum of for-
mosus; pale green, with the head, anterior lobe of the prono-
tum and legs yellowish. Length 5mm.
Head as in formosus, a little oblique. Vertex slightly flat-
tened, the basal carina straight and acute, not tumid and gently
arcuated as in formosus. Front moderately convex. Clypeus
small, prominent. Rostrum attaining the apex of the inter-
mediate coxe. Pronotum shaped as in formosus, with its sides
feebly concavely arcuated and the humeri rounded; callosities
large, but little prominent. Elytra nearly parallel, a little wider
than in uniformis. Upper surface clothed with a minute pale
pubescence.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia broad at base, tapering
along its upper edge to an incurved subacute point, which
nearly attains the opposite wall of the segment; sinistral slen-
der, acute, surpassing the sinistral notch.
Color a nearly uniform green, usually quite strongly tinged
with fulvous-yellow on the head, anterior lobe of the pronotum
and scutellum, legs and venter, the costa often paler or whitish.
Antenne quite strongly infuscated, especially on the basal and
apical joints. Apex of the tarsi blackish. Membrane whitish-
hyaline, very slightly enfumed, the nervures pale green.
Described from two males and six females taken by Mr.
H. H. Knight at Batavia, N. Y., July 5 and August 2, 1914,
and one female taken by Mrs. Annie Trumbull Slosson at Lake
Toxaway, N. C. This insect is most closely related to for-
mosus and serves to connect that species with dorsalis and its
allies on the one hand and uniformis and related forms on the
other.
Type, male, and allotype in collection of H. H. Knight.
Paratypes in collections of H. H. Knight, Mrs. A. T. Slosson,
Museum of California Academy of Sciences (No. 311), and
collection of the author.
104 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
13. Orthotylus nigrinasi, new species.
Size and form, about, of viridicatus, the head a little larger
and the eyes larger and more prominent; color pale green, the
green on the elytra segregated, leaving clear places; first an-
tennal joint biannulate with black, the apex of the head conspic-
uously black. Length 4mm. to tip of the membrane.
Head large, two-thirds as wide as the hind margin of the
pronotum. Eyes unusually prominent; viewed from the side,
but little longer than broad. Vertex flattened, leaving the hind
margin distinctly carinate almost to the eyes. Front promi-
nent, strongly convex; clypeal sutures deep. Basal antennal
joint about as long as the head, the second scarcely three times
longer. Pronotum almost flat, the callosities scarcely promi-
nent; anterior margin straight, sides feebly concave, the an-
terior angles but little rounded; humeri prominent. Elytra
flat, the tip of the cuneus scarcely surpassing the apex of the
abdomen.
Color above green, the pronotum before, head and all be-
neath, pale or yellowish, more or less tinged with green; the
green of the upper surface being gathered into irregular
patches, especially on the elytra, leaving pale areas more nu-
merous toward the costa. Base of the vertex with a short
brown longitudinal median line; neck with a square black spot
behind each eye, which is scarcely noticed unless the head is
exserted. Apex of the head deep black, polished, the bounding
line passing across the apex of the front just above the base of
the clypeus and obliquely down each side a little below the lower
angle of the eyes. Antennz pale (apical joints wanting) ; the
first joint black at base with a broad black annulus just before
the apex; second narrowly black at base and-dusky toward the
apex. Membrane but slightly enfumed, with a darker cloud
beyond the tip of the areoles; nervures green. Vestiture want-
ing from the type, but apparently pale. Legs pale, apical half
of the tarsi, extreme tip of the tibiz and apex of the rostrum
black.
Described from one female taken by Mr. F. Payne at EI
Paso, Texas, August 31, 1911. The annulated first antennal
joint and the remarkably black “nose” will at once distinguish
this very distinct species.
Type, female, in author’s collection.
Vou. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 105
Group II (Subgenus Orthotylus ?)
14. Orthotylus ovatus, new species.
Form nearly of Lygus apicalis. Ovate, broader than the
typical forms of this genus; green, nearly uniform, clothed with
sparse black deciduous hairs and minute white pubescence;
membrane infuscated. Length 444mm. to tip of membrane.
Head broad, convex; vertex flattened, transversely de-
pressed before the prominent basal carina. Front unusually
convex, polished; clypeus small and but little prominent. Eyes
large, about one-half the width of the vertex; viewed from the
side ovate, a little oblique, reaching below the middle of the
sides of the head. Antenne normal, the first joint shorter
than the head. Pronotum transverse, more convex than usual
in this genus; anterior angles well rounded; callosities large,
moderately elevated. Elytra short and broad, the costa regu-
larly but not greatly arcuated, the apex of the abdomen pass-
ing the middle of the cuneus in the male, attaining its apex in
the female. Rostrum long, reaching about to the base of the
venter.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia long, widened to the
truncated apex, long triangular, with a very sharp spur at the
superior apical angle, this spur but little shorter than the width
of the piece at that piace; sinistral hook broad, ligulate, its
rounded apex attaining the sinistral margin.
Color pale green, becoming more or less yellowish. Upper
surface clothed with short black hairs and a minute white
pubescence, easily denuded. Antenne a little infuscated. Mem-
‘brane quite strongly infuscated, usually pale at base, the nerv-
ures pale. Tibial bristles pale. Tip of the last tarsal joint
black. In faded specimens the thickened costal nervure is the
last to lose its green color.
Described from numerous individuals beaten from juniper
trees along Glen Alpine Creek near Fallen Leaf Lake, Calif.,
during July.
This species is very close to Oncotylus puberus Uhler, but
after a careful examination of the types I am unable to con-
sider them the same.
106 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
Type, male, and allotype in collection of University of
California. Paratypes in Museum of California Academy of
Sciences (No. 312), collection of the University of California
and author’s collection.
15. Orthotylus catulus, new species.
Form of ovatus, but a little broader; aspect somewhat of
Oncotylus punctipes Reut.; uniformly pale testaceous-gray or a
little brownish. Length 414mm. to tip of membrane.
Head more triangular before and less convex than in
ovatus. Vertex flattened, forming a large depressed area,
rounded before; basal carina very obtuse; front but moderately
convex. Clypeus large and prominent, its basal suture some-
what above the line of the antenne. Antennz rather short;
basal joint obviously shorter than the head when viewed from
above, exceeding the clypeus by less than one-third its length;
second little thinner than the first. Pronotum less convex than
in ovatus, but more so than in the flavosparsus and dorsalis
groups; sides straight; anterior angles scarcely rounded; an-
terior margin distinctly concavely arcuated; callosities large,
not prominent. FElytra broad, the costa rather strongly arcu-
ated; apex of the abdomen reaching the base of the cuneus in
the male, rather surpassing its apex in the female. Rostrum
long, about attaining the base of the abdomen.
Male genital pieces very small; dextral hook short, ovate,
scarcely longer than broad; sinistral broad, irregularly triangu-
jar, filling the sinistral notch, its broad apex oblique with the
angle rounded.
Color a nearly uniform pale testaceous, having a whitish
aspect in life; the elytra more or less infuscated, the membrane
sometimes a little more deeply infuscated with the nervures
pale. Pectoral pieces tinged with fulvous. Tips of the tarsi
and rostrum black. Upper surface clothed with short fuscous
hairs, which are but little darker than the surface of the insect.
Antenne scarcely darker at apex.
Described from numerous examples taken on Guaphalium
uligmosum at Hamburg, N. Y., June 6, 1909, and at Niagara
Falls, June 13. The pale testaceous color of this insect gives
it the appearance of being immature.
Vor. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 107
Type, male, and allotype in author’s collection. Paratypes
in Museum of California Academy of Sciences (Nos. 313-
315), collection of the University of California and author’s
collection.
Group IT (Subgenus Diommatus Uhler).
16. Orthotylus languidus, new species.
Larger than dorsalis, elongated, with somewhat the aspect
of a Plagiognathus; a pale immature looking insect with faint
fuscous markings in the male. Length 514mm. to tip of
membrane.
Vertex flattened, the basal carina prominent, the impres-
sion before it forming two fove as in most of the dorsalis
group. Front convex, especially in the female. Eyes large;
in the male two-thirds the width of the vertex, in the female
about one-half. Antennz rather short. Pronotum long, its
length two-thirds its basal width; sides very feebly concave,
the anterior angles well rounded; callosities large, prominent.
Elytra nearly parallel, the costa a little arcuated; almost sub-
hyaline in texture; apex of the abdomen in the male reaching
the middle of the cuneus, in the female attaining its apex.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia large, very broad and
convex at base, the apex rather abruptly narrowed and in-
curved with its apex rounded; sinistral small, linear, lying along
the lower margin of the very deep sinistral notch.
Color pale whitish-testaceous, with the elytra almost diaph-
anous and the typical markings much reduced. Upper surface
clothed with rather long and dense pale hair. In the female
the colors are almost uniform over the whole surface, with
only the extreme tips of the tarsi infuscated. The male is
quite distinctly clouded with brown or fuscous on the disk of
the vertex and on the pronotum behind the callosities, and
there is a faint cloud at the apex of the clavus and two elon-
gated ones before the apex of the corium; the membrane also
has an elongated fuscous mark beyond the apex of the areoles.
Sides of the basal lobe of the scutellum black. Abdomen and
sternum more or less infuscated with the connexivum paler.
Described from numerous examples taken on willows at
Mussey’s and at Grossmont in San Diego County, Calif., in
108 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4rH Szr.
April and May. This species has a peculiar washed-out imma-
ture look, which, with its slightly larger size, will distinguish
it from our other willow species.
Type, male, and allotype in author’s collection. Paratypes
in Museum of California Academy of Sciences (No. 316), col-
lection of the University of California and in author’s col-
lection.
17. Orthotylus formosus, new species.
Elongate-ovate, pale green or yellowish, polished, the typ-
ical markings reduced ; hind margin of the pronotum slenderly
black and there is a black mark behind the callosities. Length
7mm. to tip of the membrane.
Head somewhat oblique, not so nearly vertical as in our
other species. Vertex scarcely flattened, the basal carina prom-
inent; front broad, convex, polished; clypeus narrow, promi-
nent and strongly arcuated. Eyes not very prominent; viewed
from the side, oval, oblique, reaching below the middle of
the side of the head. Antennz long, the basal joint longer than
the head, surpassing the clypeus by at least three-fourths its
length; second about three and a half times the length of the
first. Pronotum long, much narrowed anteriorly, its length
two-thirds its basal width. Callosities large, oval, the disk be-
hind them rather strongly convex and polished. Scutellum
large, its basal lobe well exposed. Elytra long with the costal
margin gently arched; apex of the abdomen reaching to about
the tip of the cuneus. Rostrum attaining the apex of the in-
termediate coxe. Oviduct of the female long, beginning be-
fore the middle of the venter.
Color a clear pale greenish, becoming yellowish on the scu-
tellum, pronotum, legs and lower surface; basal lobe of the
scutellum and head fulvous. Antennz and tarsi black, the
basal joint of the former dusky green. Hind edge of the pro-
notum and an arc behind the callosities which may be ex-
tended in a sinuate transverse line, black. Vertex with two
subbasal dashes and two minute approximate points before
them brown; the base of the clypeus with a small fuscous spot.
Tilytra marked with a slender black line next the scutellum and
a shorter one on the apical margin at base of the membrane;
middle line of the clavus with a long fuscous ray and near the
Vor. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 109
inner angle of the corium is an oblong fuscous spot. Mem-
brane more or less infuscated, with a pale median vitta, the
nervures green. Abdomen more or less greenish with the
stomata darker and the tip of the oviduct black. Upper sur-
face sparsely clothed with pale hairs.
Described from two female examples taken from alder
bushes on the south slope of Mt. Tallac above Glen Alpine
Springs, near Lake Tahoe, Calif., July 30, 1915. I tried in
vain to find this species on the alders growing along Glen
Alpine Creek two or three hundred feet lower. It is probable
that the species was not then fully in season.
Type, female, in collection of University of California.
Paratype, female, in Museum of California Academy of Sci-
ences (No. 3i7 )).
18. Orthotylus modestus, new species.
A little broader than dorsalis; pale gray, the dark markings
much reduced, those on the pronotum forming two transverse
vitte. Length 5mm. to tip of membrane.
Head about as in dorsalis. Vertex narrowly flattened be-
fore the basal carina. Front a little more convex and less pol-
ished than in dorsalis. Pronotum more convex and a little
broader anteriorly, the sides nearly rectilinear; anterior angles
well rounded; surface transversely rugose; callosities scarcely
prominent, ill-defined. Basal lobe of the scutellum a little ex-
posed. Elytra rather short, the abdomen surpassing the tip
of the cuneus; costal margin regularly slightly arcuated, rather
more so than in dorsalis. Tibial spines longer and stouter than
in the allied species, distinctly longer than the thickness of the .
segment,
Color, female, pale greenish shading to yellowish in places.
deeper green along the claval suture. Upper surface distinctly
gray-pubescent. Head pale tinged with fulvous, with a brown
dot on the base of the clypeus. Antennz pale, a little infus-
cated. Pronotum pale with a fuscous arc behind each callosity.
These arcs may unite and form a transverse vitta, not attain-
ing the margin. Hind margin with a broader fuscous vitta,
which omits the humeral angles. Basal area of the scutellum
more or less fulvous. Elytra pale or somewhat greenish; the
110 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
clavus, except at base and apex, fuscous; corium with a large
fuscous cloud on the inner angle, which, at the middle, has an
extension toward the costa; cuneus pale. Membrane well in-
fuscated, the nervures pale except at their base. Beneath and -
legs pale, more or less tinged with green, the apex of the tarsi
black.
Male much darker ; head above, basal joint of the antennz,
pronotum, clavus, membrane and most of the lower surface
black; the black color on the corium more extended and occu-
pying fully one-half the surface; first antennal joint black;
second, brown, yellowish at base; third and fourth, fuscous.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia black, broad and strap-
like, transverse, a little widened at base, its blunt apex incurved,
almost reaching the sinistral wall; sinistral hook straight, ap-
parently terete, not thicker than the second antennal joint, sur-
passing the apex of the ventral surface of the genital segment.
Described from five males and eight females. Of these I
took two females at Salamanca, N. Y., July 20, 1911, and one
at Buffalo, N. Y., August 4, 1901. Mrs. Annie Trumbull Slos-
son has sent me three females taken at Delaware Water Gap,
Pa., and from Mr. H. H. Knight I have received three males
and two females taken at Honeoye Falls, N. Y., July 1, 1915,
and two males taken at Batavia, N. Y., July 10, 1914.
Type, female, in collection of author. Allotype, male, in
collection of H. H. Knight. Paratypes in collections of H. H.
Knight, Mrs. A. T. Slosson, Museum of California Academy
of Sciences (No. 318) and in author’s collection.
19. Orthotylus dorsalis Provancher.
Elongated with the elytra nearly parallel; black; head, at
least the occiput, sides and median vitta, usually, of the pro-
notum, broad costal margin, lower surface excepting a broad
lateral vitta, legs and the antennz of the female, pale or green-
ish. Length 5-514mm. to tip of membrane.
Head almost vertical. Eyes prominent, especially in the
male; viewed from the side oval, little longer than broad;
reaching below the middle of the head. Vertex narrowly flat-
tened and a little excavated before the basal carina; in the male
but little broader than the eye, about twice as broad in the fe-
Vor. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS |
male. Front moderately convex, polished; clypeus small, but
little prominent. Antenne rather short, the basal joint as long
as the head; second about three and one-half times as long as
the first. Pronotum rather long and much narrowed before,
its length two-thirds its basal width, the sides distinctly con-
cavely arcuated with the anterior angles well rounded; sur-
face rather flat, obscurely transversely rugose; callosities large,
oval, moderately prominent, distinctly separated by a depressed
area. Basal lobe of the scutellum well exposed. Elytra nearly
parallel, the costa feebly arcuated; tip of the abdomen nearly
attaining the apex of the cuneus in the male, quite so in the
female.
Male genital hooks black; the dextral large, slender at base
and expanded to an oblique triangular apex which passes the
middle of the anal opening ; sinistral hook finger-like, consid-
erably surpassing the apex of the segment, clothed with minute
hairs.
Color above black; beneath pale with a blackish vitta along
each side, which in the male may be so extended as to cover
nearly the entire lower surface. Pronotum pale with two ap-
proximate black dorsal vittae which in the male are so extended
as to cover nearly or quite the entire surface. Head in the
male black, polished, with the occipital margins, antennal sock-
ets, lower cheeks and tip of the clypeus pale; in the female pale
with a large brown annulus on the front and sometimes with
two small points above it and a large black spot between the
antennze covering the disk of the clypeus, apex of the front and
inner cheeks. Antennz black in the male, pale and somewhat
_ infuscated in the female. Scutellum black, with a pale median
vitta in the female and sometimes in the male. Pale costal bor-
der of the elytra encroaching upon the black disk along the
claval suture and principal nervure, especially in the female;
cuneus pale with the apex a little infuscated at times. Mem-
brane infuscated, the nervures pale and with a pale spot at their
apex in the female. Legs pale, the weak tibial bristles also pale,
the apex of the tarsi black. Upper surface sparsely clothed
with minute pale hairs.
Redescribed from a good series taken at Quinze Lake,
P. Q., and about Buffalo, N. Y. It occurs on willows. I would
not be surprised to learn that the females of this species are
112 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
dimorphic, some of them being like the males in color. I have
carefully studied the types of both Provancher’s and Uhler’s
species (congrex) and they seem to be absolutely identical.
20. Orthotylus marginatus Uhler.
Closely allied to dorsalis, but with the females colored dark
like the males and with different male genital characters.
Length 5%mm. to tip of membrane.
Vertex but little flattened, with a slight Beare before
the feeble basal carina; front but slightly convex, polished;
clypeus small and less prominent than in most of our species.
Eyes unusually large; viewed from the side breadly ovate,
reaching nearly to the gula, very little smaller in the female
than in the male. Pronotum almost smooth, the sides dis-
tinctly concave, the anterior angles well rounded; callosities
prominent, usually connected anteriorly by a slight ridge.
Basal lobe of the scutellum well exposed. Elytra long, nearly
parallel, the costal margin but feebly arcuated; apex of the
abdomen reaching the middle of the cuneus in the male and
nearly to its tip in the female. Upper surface rather sparsely
clothed with pale appressed hairs. Rostrum long, reaching
well on to the hind coxe.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia large, pale, reaching
nearly across the anal opening, its apex obliquely rounded and
armed with a few comb-teeth, near the base produced dorsally
and backward in a sinuated acute projection which is about
one-half as long as the lower member; sinistral hook long, flat-
tened and expanded at the rounded apex, produced for one-
half its length beyond the ventral apex of the genital segment.
Color as in the male of dorsalis, black; occiput, lower
cheeks, gula, base of the vertex, median vitta of the pronotum,
at times continued over the scutellum, and the sternum, pale
or tinged with fulvous; costal margin of the elytra, middle of
the venter and the legs pale greenish-yellow. Pale color of
the costa sometimes encroaching upon the base of the clavus
along its suture and on the principal nervure of the corium in
the female, rarely in the male; inner angle of the cuneus usually
infuscated. Membrane blackish with the nervures pale at apex.
Vor. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS ys:
Redescribed from a good series taken, with dorsalis, on wil-
lows and thorn bushes, there probably accidental. The males
of this species and of dorsalis are nearly indistinguishable ex-
cept in their genital characters, but in dorsalis they more often
have the pronotum and scutellum entirely black.
21. Orthotylus molliculus, new species.
Allied to dorsalis with the dark markings much reduced,
the face with a black X-shaped mark. Length 5mm. to tip
of membrane.
Head broader than in the allied species. Vertex flattened,
with a distinctly foveate impression before the prominent basal
carina. Front but slightly convex; clypeus small. Eyes large,
nearly two-thirds the width of the vertex; viewed from the
side short, ovate, reaching nearly to the gula. Antenne short;
third and fourth joints together not three-fourths the length
of the second, the fourth about equal to the first and two-
thirds the length of the third, a little dilated and flattened at
apex. Pronotum shorter than in dorsalis, more convex, the
sides feebly concave, the anterior angles rounded; callosities
large, closely approximated, moderately elevated. Basal lobe
of the scutellum but little exposed. Elytra rather short, about
as in female dorsalis, the apex of the abdomen hardly reaching
to the middle of the cuneus.
Male genitalia whitish; dextral hook rather large, a little
curved inward and upward, the apex truncate and drawn out
dorsally into about four sharp teeth, near the base with an ob-
long plate projecting dorsally, the inner angle of which is pro-
duced in an acute tooth; sinistral hook long and spatulate,
much exceeding the ventral aspect of the segment.
Color whitish-testaceous, perhaps tinged with green in life,
with a slight tint of yellow on the head and scutellum; the
basal lobe of the scutellum marked with black and fulvous.
Face marked with a large black X from the antennz to the
basal fove, the pale angle above the clypeus sometimes filled
in with black; clypeus and outer cheeks in part black. An-
tennze black. Callosities black, connecting with a large fuscous
spot on either side of the disk of the pronotum. Sides and
suture of the scutellum black. Elytra pale with a fuscous cloud
114 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
covering the disk of the clavus, another on the corium within,
exterior to which is a short fuscous ray; cuneus entirely pale.
Membrane blackish-fuscous, the nervures pale at apex. Ex-
treme base of the elytra touched with fuscous. Pleural pieces
mostly black. Abdomen black with the disk and margins pale.
Legs very pale green, the tarsi infuscated and black at apex.
Upper surface clothed with short pale pubescence.
Described from two male examples taken on willows at
Mussey’s and near Grossmont, San Diego County, Calif., in
April and May, 1913.
Type, male, in author’s collection. Paratype, male, in Mu-
seum of California Academy of Sciences (No. 319).
22. Orthotylus affinis, new species.
Very near molliculus, a little larger and darker with the
basal joint of the antennz pale, the pronotum narrower be-
fore, the pale costal border broader and not marked with a fus-
cous ray, the sides of the body beneath scarcely marked with
black, and a different male genitalia. Length 6mm. to tip of
membrane.
Head as in molliculus, the vertex strongly impressed before
the prominent basal carina, the clypeus but moderately promi-
nent. Eyes oval, viewed from the side proportionately nar-
rower than in the allied species. Pronotum apparently longer,
the pale space before the callosities broader and the anterior
angles much rounded, making the anterior margin look
shorter. Legs longer, the hind femora distinctly surpassing
the tip of the abdomen.
Male genitalia larger, pale; the dextral hook produced into
a long sickle-shaped piece, acute at apex and serrated for a
space along the external edge, the base angled but without a
square projection, the curve forming a little more than a half
circle; sinistral hook longer, a little curved and distinctly ex-
panded toward the apex.
Color a very pale testaceous or greenish. Vertex with a
pair of subtriangular black marks in the foveate basal impres-
sions. Front with a blackish arc on either side, united above
where they nearly or quite connect with the basal marks; on
the base of the clypeus is a black polished spot which encroaches
Vou. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 115
upon the outer cheeks. Antenne dark greenish-piceous, the
basal joint more green. Sides of the pectus and abdomen with
a narrow blackish vitta which is wanting in the female. Pro-
notum marked with a broad black vitta on either side, usually
connected with the black callosities. Scutellum black, the an-
terior lobe sometimes marked with fuscous, the posterior with
a linear median pale vitta. Elytra blackish-fuscous, the broad
costa and a slender line along the commissure and suture of the
clavus pale, the cuneus entirely pale. Membrane deeply infus-
cated, the nervure pale except at base. Legs greenish, the
tibiz more dusky, the apex of the tarsi black.
Described from numerous examples taken from willows
about Fallen Leaf Lake, near Lake Tahoe, Calif., in July, 1915.
Best distinguished from molliculus by the narrower and more
rounded anterior margin of the pronotum, the linear pale vitta
on the scutellum, the narrower blackish lateral vitta beneath,
the want of a fuscous ray in the pale costal area, and the dark
olive-green antennz which become blackish at times. Male
genital hooks much more developed and very characteristic.
Type, male, and allotype in collection of University of Cali-
fornia. Paratypes in Museum of California Academy of Sci-
ences (Nos. 320, 321), collection of the University of Califor-
nia and in author’s collection.
23. Orthotylus angulatus Uhler.
Smaller and more slender than dorsalis; dark fuscous-
brown, base of the pronotum sometimes paler, the base of the
corium and the cuneus whitish. Length 4mm. to tip of mem-
brane.
Head short. Vertex short, with an impressed line before
the obtuse basal carina; in the female this line connects with
two fove which are nearly obsolete in the male. Clypeus large,
prominent. Eyes large, about two-thirds as wide as the vertex ;
viewed from the side oval, nearly reaching the line of the gula.
Antenne stout and rather long, the basal joint longer than the
head viewed from above; third and fourth slender, together
about as long as the second. Pronotum rather short, the sides
nearly rectilinear, the anterior angles rounded; callosities large,
approximate, little elevated. Anterior lobe of the scutellum
116 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser,
covered or nearly so. Elytra parallel, narrow, apex of the ab-
domen but little surpassing the base of the cuneus in the male,
hardly attaining its apex in the female. Rostrum and hind
tibiz unusually long, the former attaining the base of the hind
COX.
Redescribed from two females, one taken by me at Denver,
Colo., July 12, 1900, the other, also from Colorado, was sent
to me by Prof. Carl F. Baker with the label Diommatus angu-
latus Uhler; they, however, differ from Uhler’s description in
several points. The clypeus is paler in one of my specimens
and not darker in the other, the hind lobe of the pronotum is
distinctly paler and the clavus is deep fuscous and not pale yel-
lowish as described by Uhler. here is, however, just such a
pale area on the base of the corium adjoining the claval suture.
The apex of the cuneus is also but little darkened. These dis-
crepancies can all be accounted for by the ordinary variations
found in this genus except the pale clavus, a character found
in no species of this genus known to me. It is not unlikely that
Dr. Uhler thoughtlessly mistook the cuneate pale mark on the
base of the corium for a pale clavus. Unfortunately I have no
males of this form.
An examination of one of Uhler’s types, kindly sent to me
for study by Prof. Gillette, confirms in every respect my deter-
mination as given above.
24. Orthotylus angulatus brunneus, new subspecies.
This form is very close to that described above as angulatus
except that the pale mark on the base of the corium is reduced
to a line along the claval suture, and the costal margin is nar-
rowly pale.
Male genitalia small; dextral hook ovate at apex; the sin-
istral lying along the margin of the sinistral notch, its apex
curved upward and acute.
Founded on numerous examples taken on willows at many
localities in San Diego County, Calif., from April to June. It
is possible that an examination of the male genitalia of angu-
latus will show this to be a distinct species, but that is not likely
to be the case.
Vor. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS b7
Type, male, and allotype in author’s collection. Paratypes
in Museum of California Academy of Sciences (Nos. 322,
323), collection of the University of California and in author’s
collection.
25. Orthotylus cuneatus, new species,
Very near angulatus brunneus, but larger with longer
elytra and darker colors; marked as in angulatus with a pale
wedge-shaped area along the claval margin of the corium.
Length 5mm.
Head as in brunneus, the vertex with a deep foveate im-
pression before the prominent basal carina. Front feebly con-
vex. Clypeus small, prominent. Antennze long; basal joint
rather longer than the head; second longer than the third and
fourth together. Pronotum short, the sides very oblique, sin-
uated; humeri subacute, prominent; the anterior angles
rounded ; callosities large, prominent. Elytra long, parallel.
Male genitalia small; dextral hook small, longer than
broad; sinistral a little longer, lying in the sinistral notch, its
hind edge rounded.
Color sooty-black, a little piceous in immature examples,
the antennz piceous. Legs dark chestnut, the anterior paler
or brownish-testaceous in some individuals; coxe and base of
the femora pale testaceous. Elytra with a large wedge-shaped
whitish mark lying against the claval suture; apex of the cor-
ium and base of the cuneus covered by a rather large whitish
spot. Membrane nearly black, a little clearer toward the apex,
the nervures black.
Described from two males and five females taken by me
about the lower end of Fallen Leaf Lake, Calif., in July, 1915.
Structurally this species is very near brunneus, but its larger
size and stronger coloring, together with the cuneate mark on
the base of the corium, will readily distinguish it.
Type, male, and allotype in collection of University of Cali-
fornia. Paratypes in Museum of California Academy of Sci-
ences (No. 324), collection of University of California and in
author’s collection.
118 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
26. Orthotylus pullatus, new species.
Closely allied to brunneus; blackish, the costal margin
narrowly pale; male genital segment long and unusually slen-
der. Length 4% mm. to tip of membrane.
Basal impression of the vertex large, including two con-
spicuous pits, the basal carina prominent; front but moderately
convex. Eyes, viewed from the side, ovate, reaching nearly to
the gula. Pronotum proportionately shorter than in brunneus,
the sides distinctly arcuated with the humeral angles subacute
and upturned; callosities large and prominent. Elytra a little
more widened toward the apex of the corium than in the allied
species. Antennz a little thinner than in brunneus, the third
and fourth joints together scarcely as long as the second.
Genital segment of the male in brunneus triangular, hardly
longer than broad at base; in pullatus nearly cylindrical, about
twice as long as wide at base, the apex elliptically rounded.
Genital hooks small and black; the dextral elongate ovate,
curved inward and backward at apex; the sinistral elongated,
lying along the sinistral notch, its apex rounded.
Color blackish-fuscous. Head black, apex of the clypeus
sometimes touched with castaneous. Antenne black. Pro-
notum at times showing a mere tinge of castaneous behind the
callosities. Coxze at base and the middle of the sternum and
venter pale. Elytra a shade paler than the body, the costal
margin narrowly pale and extended nearly to the apex of the
cuneus. Membrane nearly black, the nervures concolorous or
barely touched with pale at apex. Legs dark castaneous. Up-
per surface clothed with pale pubescence.
Described from one male and eight female examples taken
by me May 13, 1915, on willows growing among the sand
dunes at San Francisco, Calif. This species is best distin-
guished from the closely allied brunneus by the darker color,
the prominent, subacute, humeral angles, and the long, nar-
row male genital segment.
Type, male, and allotype in collection of University of Cali-
fornia. Paratypes in Museum of California Academy of Sci-
ences (No. 325), collection of University of California and in
author’s collection.
Vor. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 119
27. Orthotylus cruciatus, new species.
Allied to Jateralis but much larger with a black scutellum.
Aspect somewhat of Plagiognathus obscurus Uhl., but larger
and more clearly marked. Length 51%4-6mm. to tip of mem-
brane.
Head small, polished. Vertex slightly depressed, the basal
carina slender and inconspicuous; front convex, highly pol-
ished ; clypeus small, prominent. Eyes very large, much wider
than the vertex; viewed from the side ovate, reaching about
to the gula; the apex of the head projecting more than in
lateralis. Antennz long, the first joint longer than the head;
second scarcely thinner, fully four times the length of the first;
apical two together about equal to the second. Pronotum long,
nearly flat, the sides feebly concave, the anterior angles sub-
acute; callosities large, little elevated, extending much far-
ther back than in /ateralis; basal margin feebly concave, leav-
ing the base of the scutellum less exposed. FElytra long, par-
allel, the apex of the abdomen just passing the base of the cu-
neus in the male, reaching nearly to its middle in the female;
cuneus narrow and acute, its length fully twice its basal width.
Male genitalia pale testaceous; dextral hook long-triangu-
lar, its lower angle subacute, the upper rounded; sinistral ligu-
late and incurved.
Color black and nearly white. Head black, polished; a
dot against the inner angle of each eye and sometimes a basal
spot pale testaceous or fulvous. Antennz black. Pronotum
with the callosities and broad lateral margins black, the disk
pale. Scutellum black, the basal lobe marked with fulvous.
Elytra whitish, the clavus and a broad transverse band across
the apex of the corium black ; cuneus with a fuscous spot before
its apex. Upper surface sparsely clothed with short, pale
hairs. Beneath pale with a broad black vitta along either
side and covering the genital segment. Legs pale yellowish-
brown, becoming lighter at base, the tips of the tarsi black.
Described from seven examples, two males and one fe-
male, taken by me at Portland, Maine, July 9, 1910; a female
taken by Mr. Metcalfe at St. Hilaire, P. O., July 4, 1907; one
male taken by Mr. C. A. Frost at Sherborn, Mass., June 24,
1914, a female taken at Marshfield, Mass., in August, from the
120 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4tH Ser.
collection of the Boston Society of Natural History, the last
two kindly sent me for study by Mr. H. C. Parshley, and a
male taken at Stowe, Vt., July 4, by G. P. Engelhardt. This
is a large, clearly marked species and may be known by the
black lateral margins of the pronotum and conspicuous cru-
ciate black markings on the elytra.
Type, male, and allotype in author’s collection. Para-
types in Museum of California Academy of Sciences (No.
326), collections of the Boston Society of Natural History of
Mr. H. C. Parshley, and in the collection of the author.
28. Orthotylus lateralis, new species.
A little larger and broader than brunneus; pronotum pale
with the lateral margins broadly black. Length 4%mm. to
the tip of the membrane.
Head more oblique than in dorsalis and its allies. Vertex
flat, the foveate depression rather obscure and the basal carina
feeble. Front convex, polished, the clypeus small and promi-
nent. Eyes very large, in the female as wide as the vertex,
‘wider in the male; when viewed from the side, ovate, reach-
ing to the gula and but little surpassed by the apex of the
head. Pronotum long and much narrowed anteriorly, the sides
very slightly arcuated, the anterior angles subacute; callosities
very small and placed close to the anterior margin, leaving the
impressed bounding line behind them at about the anterior one-
third of the pronotum; hind margin a little concave, leaving
the basal lobe of the scutellum broadly exposed. Elytra broader
than in brunneus, about as in modestus, nearly parallel, the
apex of the abdomen reaching the middle of the cuneus in the
male and its apex in the female.
Male genitalia prominent; dextral hook long, pennate, the
ventral edge smooth, the dorsal “feathered” or flattened and
serrated on the apical half, tapering to an acute point; sinistral
long, nearly straight, toward its apex triangularly widened
and armed within with a stout tooth.
Color fuscous-brown; head at base and below becoming
pale yellowish. Antennz black. Pronotum pale yellowish, the
sides broadly black both above and below. Basal lobe of the
scutellum fulvous, apical pale yellowish. Clavus blackish-
Vou. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 121
fuscous, the commissure and apex whitish; corium fuscous, the
claval suture, slender costal nervure and a ray along the prin-
cipal nervure, whitish; cuneus fuscous with the basal half
almost white. Membrane lightly infuscated, with a darker
ray beyond the angle, the nervures fuscous. Sides of the
pleural pieces and venter fuscous, the middle line broadly whit-
ish. Legs tinged with yellow, deeper toward the apex of the
hind femora; tip of the tarsi black. Upper surface sparsely
clothed with pale hairs. In the female the pale colors are
much extended.
Described from two males and two females taken by me
at Effingham, Kansas, Pueblo and Denver, Colo., all in July,
1900. This species is readily recognized by the yellowish
tinge to the vertex and pronotum with conspicuous black lat-
eral margins to the latter and the fulvous base of the scutellum.
Type, male, and allotype in author’s collection. Paratypes
in collection of the author and in Museum of California Acad-
emy of Sciences (No. 327).
29. Orthotylus knighti, new species.
Allied to lateralis, but longer winged and darker colored,
the elytra black with a subcostal pale vitta, which in the female
reaches and largely covers the cuneus. Length 5mm. to tip
of membrane.
Head short as in Jateralis. Vertex much depressed and
sunken below the level of the eyes; basal impression triangular
with the fove discernable, the basal carina slender but dis-
tinct. Front but little convex, polished ; clypeus small, strongly
arched before. Eyes very large and prominent; in the male as
wide as the vertex, about one-half narrower in the female;
viewed from the side, broad ovate, reaching nearly to the gula.
Pronotum much narrowed anteriorly; sides distinctly arcu-
ated, the humeri prominent and the anterior angles subacute;
callosities prominent, oblique. Elytra long, parallel, the costa
straight; cuneus slender. Basal lobe of the scutellum well ex-
posed. Antennz as in lateralis, the basal joint perhaps a little
longer.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia black, subtriangular,
transverse, its lower edge straight, the upper oblique with the
122 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4rH SER.
obtuse apex incurved; sinistral finger-like or a little thickened
toward its apex, a little shorter than the dextral.
Color black, polished on the front and clypeus; vertex, oc-
cipital margins and antennal sockets obscurely fulvous. Disk
of the posterior lobe of the pronotum in the female broadly dull
fulvous, the callosities tinged with the same color. In the male
this fulvous disk is much reduced. Coxe and legs pale ful-
vous, the apex of the femora and tibiz becoming infuscated, in
the male almost black, the tip of the tarsi black. Disk of the
corium in the female with a whitish vitta, broadest near the
base and expanded on the cuneus so as to cover all but the inner
angle and apical margin. In the male this pale ray is much re-
duced and confined to the base of the corium. Membrane black
with a pale line along the apical margin of the cuneus, which
sometimes encroaches upon the apex of the nervures.
Described from one male and three female examples taken
on willow at Batavia, N. Y., July 5, 1914, by Mr. H. H.
Knight, who has kindly sent them to me for study and to whom
it gives me pleasure to dedicate this interesting species.
Type, male, and allotype in collection of H. H. Knight.
Paratype in author’s collection.
30. Orthotylus ornatus, new species.
Size of formosus, but proportionately broader. Pale green-
ish varied with fuscous and sometimes tinged with sanguinous ;
median line of the pronotum and apical field of the scutellum
in the female pale. Length 6mm. to tip of the membrane.
Head vertical. Vertex flat, but little depressed; the fove
obscure, basal carina distinct. Front scarcely convex; clypeus
narrow, moderately prominent. Eyes large, about two-thirds
the width of the vertex ; viewed from the side broad ovate, but
little narrowed below, reaching nearly to the gula. Pronotum
broad, rather flat; sides a little concavely arcuated, the humeri
prominent; anterior angles but little rounded; surface opaque
and distinctly shagreened ; callosities little elevated. Antennz
short; first joint as long as the head; second nearly as long as
the head and pronotum together; third and fourth conjointly
about two-thirds the length of the second. Basal lobe of the
scutellum somewhat exposed. Elytra broad, the costa a little
Vor. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 123
bowing ; cuneus long and narrow, scarcely attaining the tip of
the abdomen in the female, surpassing it in the male. Rostrum
short, reaching on to the intermediate coxz.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia broad on its basal half,
the ventral margin abruptly produced and incurved at the apex
which nearly attains the sinistral margin of the segment ; sinis-
tral hook slender and incurved.
Color pale green; sides of the venter and pectus more or
less infuscated or black, almost entirely fuscous in the male.
Head greenish or reddish-brown; the basal fovee and two ap-
proximate spots on the base of the front fuscous, the latter
sometimes forming vittee; clypeus pale anteriorly. Pronotum
dark reddish fuscous, becoming black laterally and behind the
callosities or entirely black in the male; median line some-
times enlarged so as to cover the disk posteriorly ; lateral edges
. and the surface anterior to the callosities pale or whitish in
the female. Scutellum black, the basal lobe sometimes with a
red spot on either side, the disk of the apical lobe pale. Elytra
pale or tinged with reddish, the clavus infuscated, at least
apically ; apical half of the corium irregularly fuscous, omitting
the slender costal and apical margins; cuneus whitish, fuscous
at apex in the male. Membrane infuscated, the disk of the are-
oles nearly black, with a darker ray beyond them. Antennz
rufo-testaceous, infuscated at apex, the basal joint: brown or
black. Legs pale; hind femora infuscated on the apical two-
thirds ; tips of the tarsi black.
Described from three females and one male taken at Hone-
oye Falls, New York, in June and July, 1915, by Mr. M. D.
Leonard and kindly sent to me for study by Mr. H. H. Knight.
The large size and maculated membrane will distinguish this
species. It has somewhat the aspect of Lopidea cuneata
Van D. or of a Plagiognathus, but the free connivent arolia
and other characters show it to be a true Orthotylus.
Type, male, and allotype in collection of H. H. Knight.
Paratypes in collections of H. H. Knight and the author.
31. Orthotylus submarginatus Say.
Allied to lateralis, but rather more slender. Color above,
pale salmon yellow, median vitta and slender costal line on the
124 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
elytra and the pronotal margins black. Length 4mm. to tip
of the membrane.
Head vertical; base of the vertex depressed, the basal
carina prominent. Pronotum a little narrower than in later-
alis, the humeral angles more prominent; surface sloping,
scarcely convex, nearly smooth. Basal lobe of the scutellum
well exposed. Elytra nearly parallel; the apex of the abdo-
men nearly attaining the tip of the cuneus.
Color light salmon-yellow. Tuip of the head with a polished
black spot covering the apex of the front, inner cheeks and
base of the clypeus. Margins of the pronotum rather broadly
black both above and below, the black being continued around
the humeral angles for a little way. Apical lobe of the scu-
tellum infuscated. Elytra salmon-yellow; a straight commis-
sural vitta covering about one-third of their width and a sub-
costal line reaching nearly to the apex, black; cuneus pale,
its extreme tip touched with fuscous. Beneath pale with a
broad black vitta along each side, meeting on the genital seg-
ment. Legs pale, the hind tibiz infuscated or black; tarsi
black at apex.
Redescribed from two female examples, one from Kings-
ton, R. I., taken in August, the other taken by me at Hamburg,
N. Y., July 10, 1898. The salmon color with the black me-
dian vitta and pronotal margins and the submarginal black
line on the costa will readily distinguish this pretty species.
32. Orthotylus candidatus, new species.
Aspect of formosus, but smaller, more nearly allied to sub-
marginatus. Almost white, a little tinged with yellow or ful-
vous; median line of the head and scutellum and the sides of
the pronotum narrowly black. Length 5mm.
Head as in formosus, more oblique than in most of our
species. Vertex considerably depressed, the basal carina prom-
inent and conspicuous. Front polished, but little convex. Cly-
peus almost tumidly prominent, highly polished. Eyes large,
viewed from the side oval and reaching nearly to the gula.
Rostrum scarcely attaining the base of the intermediate coxe.
Pronotum as in submarginatus, the callosities large, little ele-
vated, their inner margins parallel and closely approximated,
Vor. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 125
behind distinguished by a feebly arcuated conspicuous trans-
verse impressed line. Basal lobe of the scutellum moderately
exposed. Elytra subhyaline.
Color very pale testaceous, almost white, tinged with yel-
low on the pronotum, scutellum and legs, and with fulvous on
the head, the basal carina of the vertex being of a deeper ful-
vous. Middle line of the vertex and front, a transverse line
between the antennz, narrow lateral margins of the pronotum,
a median vitta on the scutellum, expanded on the basal lobe,
and the slender scutellar and commissural edges of the clavus,
black. Beneath with a broad percurrent black vitta on either
side. Basal joint of the antennz black; the second ferrugin-
ous, fuscous on apical third; third fuscous. Tips of the tibize
and the tarsi darker. Elytra whitish-testaceous, subhyaline,
with an obscure fuscous line inside the principal nervure; the
apex of the costal area touched with fulvous. Membrane
faintly infuscated, the nervure brownish, the surface of the
areole milky-hyaline. Surface very minutely pale pubescent.
Described from a single female example taken by Mrs.
Annie Trumbull Slosson on Mt. Washington, N. H. This in-
teresting addition to our Capsid fauna may be distinguished
by its whitish color marked with a black line on the vertex,
scutellum, sides of the body beneath, and narrow lateral mar-
gins of the pronotum. The male is likely to be more broadly
marked with black.
Type, female, in collection of Mrs. A. T. Slosson.
33. Orthotylus necopinus, new species.
Allied to dorsalis, but much larger and a little more
widened posteriorly ; dark fuscous brown with an obscure dor-
sal vitta and a pale are at the base of the cuneus. Length
6%4mm. to tip of membrane.
Head as in dorsalis, the vertex much flattened, almost ex-
cavated before the very prominent basal carina. Front rather
prominent, polished; clypeus less prominent than in the allied
species, its incised base a little below the line of the antennez.
Eyes large, viewed from the side ovate and reaching nearly to
the gula. Pronotum as in dorsalis, well narrowed anteriorly ;
callosities small, prominent ; posterior lobe transversely rugose ;
126 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
hind margin a little concave, leaving the basal lobe of the scu-
tellum moderately exposed. Elytra gradually widened almost
to the apex of the corium, the abdomen nearly attaining the
tip of the cuneus. Tibial bristles short and weak, concolorous
with the tibiz. Rostrum short, hardly attaining the base of
the intermediate coxe.
Dextral hook of the male genitalia large, mushroom-
shaped, with its distal margin oblique and parallel with the
edge of the segment, its apicies rounded; sinistral hook linear
and strongly incurved; both hooks pale.
Color brownish-fuscous, becoming black on the front of
the head and along either side of the body beneath. Base of
the vertex, an elongated spot against the inner margin of each
eye and the median line pale or greenish. Anterior margin of
the pronotum before the callosities and the middle of the pos-
terior disk pale or greenish, the anterior margin sometimes
tinged with ferruginous. Median vitta of the scutellum pale
or somewhat ferruginous. Commissural and costal nervures
slenderly pale; a pale ray on the base of the corium within
the costa extending a little beyond the tip of the scutellum,
and a less conspicuous commissural mark from the tip of the
clavus to the base of the membrane; incisure at base of the
cuneus pale. Membrane deeply infuscated with its nervures
pale and with a whitish mark against the apex of the cuneus.
Antenne black. Rostrum and legs brownish-testaceous, the
tarsi becoming black. Beneath black and polished with a
broad indefinite whitish median vitta extending as far as the
genital segment.
Described from one male taken on Mt. Washington, N. H.,
by Mrs. Annie Trumbull Slosson; a female taken on Mt.
Washington, July 5, 1914, and sent to me by Mr. H. H.
Knight; a female taken by me at Bretton Woods at the foot
of Mt. Washington, June 30, 1909; and another taken at
Spring Brook, near Buffalo, N. Y., June 25, 1911. The large
size and dark brown color of this species will readily distin-
guish it. In the male the basal pale ray on the corium is con-
siderably extended.
Type, male, in collection of Mrs. A. T. Slosson. Allotype,
female, in collection of the author. Paratypes in Museum of
Vou. VI] VAN DUZEE—SPECIES OF ORTHOTYLUS 127
California Academy of Sciences ( No. 328), collection of H. H.
Knight, and author’s collection,
34. Orthotylus fumidus, new species.
A large fuscous form clothed with gray pubescence. Length
6mm. to tip of membrane.
Head distinctly oblique; vertex scarcely flattened, the basal
carina apparently wanting; front hardly convex, transversely
striate; clypeus large, but little prominent; apex of the cheeks
tumid. Eyes large, prominent; viewed from the side a little
oblique, almost attaining the line of the gula. Pronotum mod-
erately sloping, nearly flat, the sides almost rectilinear; cal-
losities large, flat. Basal lobe of the scutellum narrowly ex-
posed. Abdomen reaching to the tip of the cuneus. Legs long
for this genus. Rostrum short, not attaining the base of the
intermediate coxe.
Color a uniform fuscous-brown, probably nearly black
when fully mature; tinged with rufous on the head, apex of
the pronotum, and base of the legs; sides of the venter with a
black vitta. Membrane blackish, the nervures of the smaller
areole pale. Whole surface clothed with short white decid-
uous hairs.
Described from one female example taken by me at Ft.
Collins, Colo., July 28, 1898. This individual may be some-
what immature, but, while not typical of this genus, the species
evidently belongs here and is included to complete the enumer-
ation of our species, so far as they are known to me.
Type, female, in author’s collection.
128 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4tH Serr.
oS
a oo
Fig. 1. Male genital hooks of the species of Orthotylus, as
viewed from a point vertical to the plane of the hook.
1, Orthotylus insignis; 2, tibialis; 3, ferox; 4, viridicatus; 5, coagulatus ;
6, flavosparsus; 7, chlorionis; 8, fraternus; 9, unitormis; 10, translucens ;
11, ovatus; 12, catulus; 13, languidus; 14, modestus; 15, dorsalis; 16, mar-
ginatus; 17, molliculus; 18, affinis; 19, brunneus; 20, pullatus; 21, crucia-
tus; 22, lateralis; 23, cuneatus.
Re
bi
Bae
&
~PROCEEDINGS
Fourth Series
VOLUME I
Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the
Galapagos Islands, 1905-1906.
Pages 1-6. I. Preliminary Description of Four New Races of
Gigantic Land Tortoises from the Galapagos Islands. By John
Van Denburgh, (/ssued December 20, 1907)... ....00045. Re dls ae
Pages 7-288. II. A Botanical Survey of the Galapagos Islands.
By Alban Stewart. Plates 1-x1x. (/ssued January 2%, 19/1)...
Pages 289-322. III. The Butterflies and Hawk-Moths of the
Galapagos Islands. By Francis X. Williams. Plates xx-xx1.
AOSIEIE AICIIRER TEL AES Cae a2 oe wee ids Os tog BE
Pages 323-374. IV. The Snakes of the Galapagos Islands. By
John Van Denburgh. Plates xxm-xxx. (/ssued January 17, 1912)
Pages 375-404. V. Notes on the Botany of Cocos Island. By
Alban Stewart. Plates xxxI-xxxiv. (/ssued January 19, 1912)
Pages 405-430, VI. The Geckos of the Galapagos Archipelago.
By John Van Denburgh. (Jssued April /6, 1912) .......0044.
Pages 431-446. VII. Notes on the Lichens of the Galapagos
Islands. By Alban Stewart. (/ssued December 17, 1912)......
VOLUME II, Part I
Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the
Galapagos Islands, 1905-1906.
Pages 1-132. VIII. The Birds of the Galapagos Islands, with
Observations on the Birds of Cocos and Clipperton Islands
(Columbiformes to Pelecaniformes). By Edward Winslow
Gifford. Platest-vi1. (lssued August 1], 19/3)... 0... 06000,
Pages 133-202. IX. The Galapagoan Lizards of the Genus
Tropidurus; with Notes on the Iguanas of the Genera
Conolophus and Amblyrhyncus. By John Van Denburgh and
Joseph R. Slevin. Plates viti-x1. (Issued September 19, 1913),
Pages 203-374. X. The Gigantic Land Tortoises of the Galapagos
Archipelago. By John Van Denburgh. Plates xtI-cxxiv.
CFSSA2 a SEplEm OER SO FOTIA A Ce ec ees Con Vik Chee Re
VOLUME III
Pages 1-40. A Further Stratigraphic Study in the Mount Diablo
Range of California. By Frank M.Anderson. Plate 1. (/ssued
ORLAVER SL eh TAY goes erage WS 2g De wh ae ERR ob he Hoes ou ae
Pages 41-48. Description of a New Species of Sea Snake from the
Philippine Islands, with a Note on the Palatine Teeth in the
Proteroglypha. By John Van Denburgh and Joseph C. Thomp-
SONS SSUES LIE CEL DEI (LIC) Sorc Oe le ire, bs Rae OOO
Pages 49-56. New and Previously Unrecorded Species of Reptiles
and Amphibians from the Island of Formosa. By John Van
Denburgh-tlsswed: DecempEer LO AIO ici ewe vod aed s Sins
Pages 57-72. Water Birds of the Vicinity of Point Pinos, California.
By Rollo Howard Beck. (/ssued September 17, 1910) ......0045
Pages 73-146. The Neocene Deposits of Kern River, California,
and the Temblor Basin. By Frank M. Anderson, Plates 11-xu1.
Cisstted NOUVELLE GAB) £o oe Fen Bes VII TE he SATE
Pages 147-154. Notes on a Collection of Reptiles from Southern
California and Arizona. By John Van Denburgh. (/ssued
PARAL Tip LATO Ta oie 5 CRE vip 6.8 FOE RRR AS TE Ae
Pages 155-160. Notes on Some Reptiles and Amphibians from
Oregon, Idaho and Utah. By John Van Denburgh. (/ssuved
FOMMAFY IL Fo LILO) Ba Ne Rae Rael EES Sia ia, Ape aie eae
Pages 161-182. Geologic Range of Miocene Invertebrate Fossils of
California. By James Perrin Smith. (/ssued April 5, 7972)...
Pages 183-186. Description of a New Genus and Species of Sala-
mander from Japan. By Surgeon J. C. Thompson, U. S. Navy.
PIAtC RV. Su LSSUA LM GY Sp AINA Oe Bire ag ATla Ta dR
Pages 187-258. Concerning Certain Species of Reptiles and Am-
phibians from China, Japan, the Loo Choo Islands, and Formosa.
By John Van Denburgh. (J/ssued December 16, 19/2.)........
.50
2.00
35
.20
25
“20
25
25
29
yA
.50
PROCEEDINGS
Fourth Series —
VOLUME I11l—Continued
Pages 259-264. Notes on Ascaphus, the Discoglossoid Toad of
North America. By John Van Denburgh. (Issued December
BE DITA ei EE a Le pe hy, 8 ROR Le Se ER eb oe
Pages 265-390. A Distributional List of the Mammals of Cations
By Joseph Grinnell. Plates xv-xvi. (/ssued August 28, 19/3)
Pages 391-454. A List of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Arizona,
with Notes on the Species in the Collection of the Academy.
By John Van Denburgh and Joseph R. Slevin. Plates xvu-
KK VII Clssued: Wovember DOLLS) Might nee Woke ay EE hae Ro oe
VOLUME IV
Pages 1-13. I. Report of the President of the Academy for the
Year 1913.
II.. George Davidson. (Jssued April 8, 9/4) ......
Pages 15-112. III. Neocene Record in the Temblor Basin, Cali-
fornia, and Neocene Deposits of the San Juan District. By
Frank M. Anderson and Bruce Martin. Plates1-x. (/ssued
DDECEHGEH COPA DLPN IS Gr PROPOSE 5, ase Re MRE A RTT EE eee
Pages 113-128. IV, The Faunaof the Siphonalia sutterensis Zone
in the Roseburg Quadrangle, Oregon. By Roy E. Dickerson.
Plates x1-xul. (/ssued December 30, SNe Oe ees hea oa AER
Pages 129-152. V. Reptiles and Amphibians of the Islands of the
West Coast of North America. By John Van Denburgh and
Joseph ak, Slevin, -(sswed Decervber 30, [OLDS oa jaca o sheknes
Pages 153-160. VI. The Pocket Gopher of the Boreal Zone on
San Jacinto Peak. By J. Grinnell and H. S. Swarth. (Issued
Pecan Deres0s SE ILD) sere ecak ee geera tale ie NS Gh bi RAID PEG Tosa cpio dealer
VOLUME V
Pages 1-31. I. Report of the President of the Academy for the
year 1914.
II. Report of the Director of the Museum for the
year 1914. (Issued March 26, 19/5). .... 0.4085
Pages 33-98. III. Fauna of the Type Tejon: Its Relation to the
Cowlitz Phase of the Tejon Group of Washington. By Roy E.
Dickerson. Plates 1-x1. (Issue! June 15, 7915) TER Delete cece
Pages 99-110. IV. .A list of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Utah,
with Notes on the Species in the Collection of the Academy.
By John Van Denburgh and Joseph R. Slevin. Plates x1I-xIv.
(ried Te Lon LOVIN ate ORS cage eee VIE Name Manas APRS
Pages 111-161. V. Description of a new subgenus (Arborimus)
of Phenacomys, with a Contribution to Knowledge of the
Habits and Distribution of Phenacomys longicaudus. By Walter
P. Taylor, ~ Plate xv. (ssued December 30, 1915) 000 ov cccee
Pages 163-193. VI. Tertiary Deposits of Northeastern Mexico. By
E. T. Dumble. Plates xviand xix. (/sswed December 3/, 7915),
Pages 195-223. VII. Report of the President of the Academy for
the Year 1915.
VIII. Report of the Director of the Museum for
the Year 1915. (/ssued May 4, 19/6)...
VOLUME VI
Pages 1-17. I. Eocene of Lower Cowlitz River Valley, Washing-
ton. By Charles E. Weaver. Plate l. (/ssued May 6. /9/6).
Pages 19-40. II. The Post-Eocene Formations of Western Wash-
ington. By Charles E. Weaver. ([ssued May 6, 1916).
Pages 41-52. III. The Oligocene of Kitsap County, Washington.
By Charles E. Weaver. (‘ssued May 6, 79/6). Price fur the
three Papers’. Sew es Meet tees Sac etn GAL: Geek deena ate ee
Pages 53-85. IV. The Pacific Coast Races of the Bewick Wren.
By Harry S. Swarth.. Plate’ 2. .(/ssued May 8, 916)... 02.60%
Pages 87-128. V. Monograph of the North American Species of
Orthotylus (Hemiptera). By Edward P. Van Duzee. (/ssued
DEAV SS LILOY ho ei 95! eae ME Phe PG ORE EN GOR EEE eis
75
20
90
29
7
4s)
00
.25
90
50
20
90
615)
.50
The Academy cannot supply any of its publications issued before the
year 1907, its entire reserve stock having been destroyed in the conflagra
tion of April, 1906.
S
cy
bo
#3
te
iN
VAD
PAN K
’
a
(
7
Vs! FPO Siig
-Fourrs Serizs
Net
129213,
ai
i ee eA) ae
Siucd se SuGn NS desis
Oe eH ll Hae Stanford University —
df
%
_ SAN FRANCISCO.
PUBLISHED BY THE ACADEMY _
; ome Med (3 yy i
ACADEMY OF SCIEN
iy
COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION
GEORGE C. EDWARDS, Chairman
C. E. GRUNSKY BARTON WARREN EVERMANN, Edttor
THE HICKS-JUDD PRESS
SAN FRANCISCO
‘ | ; >
es go stay
JUN 16 1916
Ney jonal Muse™
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
FourTH SERIES
Vor. Vil, ONo. 6; pp. 1129-213. May 12, 1916
VI
A CATALOGUE AND HOST LIST OF THE ANOPLURA
BY
G. F. Ferris
Of Stanford University
INTRODUCTION
The Anoplura (sucking lice) have long been much neg-
lected and much misunderstood, for as late as 1904 no critical,
comparative study of the group had ever been made; and this
in spite of the fact that the group had had a place in two monu-
mental works upon parasitic insects, Insecta Epizoa of Giebel
and Les ‘Pediculines of Piaget. With the exception of a few
forms of such peculiar nature that they were almost of neces-
sity given generic rank, the species were for the most part
lumped under the genus Hematopinius and all were regarded
as forming a single family, the Pediculide. In 1904, Ender-
lein, in a series of “Lausestudien” published in the Zoolog-
ischer Anzeiger, broke up the all-inclusive genus Hematopinus
into several genera and elevated this group, as well as certain
other groups, to family rank.
There has been some objection to this procedure, but on
the whole it has been amply justified by time. The old classi-
fication was based upon lack of knowledge and served only
successfully to conceal a wealth of remarkably interesting bio-
May 12, 1916
130 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Ser.
logical facts that the newer classification has revealed and em-
phasized. The remarkable degree to which these parasites are
broken up into natural groups that are strictly confined to
closely related groups of hosts, is now clearly evident, while
previously it was barely hinted at. The problem of their dis-
tribution is shown to be almost exclusively the problem of the
genetic relationships of their hosts.
In 1908 there appeared, as a part of Wytsman’s Genera
Insectorum, a catalogue, compiled by Dalla Torre, based upon
the work of Enderlein. This catalogue has proved of immense
value, but the knowledge of the Anoplura has increased so
rapidly since its publication that the additions and corrections
have now attained a bulk almost rivaling the original cata-
logue, and it therefore seems well that a new catalogue should
be issued.
These changes and additions may briefly be summarized.
Since 1909 nine valid genera have been added to the list and
approximately 60 species have been described (the previous
catalogue listed 65, the present one lists 120). The position
of numerous species then in doubt has since been cleared up
and many of the question marks have been removed, this being
the case especially with the North American species described
by Osborn, almost all of which were then in doubt but have
since been cleared up. More significant, perhaps, than the de-
scription of new genera and species is the improved standard
of work that has been established. The magnificent ‘“Mono-
graphie der Robbenlaitse” of Enderlein, in the report of the
“Deutsche Siidpolar Expedition,” and the careful and critical
work of Fahrenholz, Cummings, and Neumann, form a splen-
did contrast to the superficial and often inaccurate work that
formerly prevailed.
The synonymy of many of the hosts and some of the para-
site species is still badly tangled. The hosts have frequently
been referred to only by their vernacular names and when the
scientific names have been used they have sometimes been in-
accurate, added to which the instability of mammal nomen-
clature has not been conducive to clearness. ‘The synonymy
of the North American mammals has in part been worked out
from the “List of North American Land Mammals in the
United States National Museum” (Miller, 1911), and, in ad-
Vor. VII FERRIS—ANOPLURA 131
dition, the authorities of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology
of the University of California have been extremely kind in
helping to clear up numerous matters. The synonymy of the
European mammals has been worked out from the “Catalogue
of the Mammals of Europe” (Miller, 1912). The synonymy
of the Primates has been taken from Elliot's “A Review of the
Primates” (1912), but it is very probably still far from cor-
rect. The synonymy of other species, when not obtainable
elsewhere, has been reduced to the basis of Trouessart’s “Cata-
logus Mammalium” (1899), although it has been necessary to
do this only in the case of some of the older species. The host
names given in the list of Anoplura are as nearly as can be
determined the correct ones. In the host list the names in
parentheses are regarded as synonyms, the others are correct
as far as available information permits. An attempt has been
made to list all the host names that have at any time been used.
SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF THE ANOPLURA
Anoplura Leach, Edinburgh Encyclopedia (1817) ; Ender-
lein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, pp. 121-147 (1904) ; Mjoberg, Ark.
f. Zool., vol. 6, pt. 13 (1910); Cummings, An. Mag. Nat.
Hist., ser. 8, vol. 15, pp. 256-259 (1915).
Pediculine Burmeister, Handbuch d. Ent., vol. 2, p. 52
(1832).
Siphunculata Meinert, Videnskabelige Meddelelser (1896) ;
Cholodkovsky, Zool. Anz., vol. 27, p. 527 (1904).
Pscudorhyncota Cholodkovsky, Zool. Anz., vol. 27, p. 125
(1903)).
Lipognatha Borner, Zool. Anz., vol. 27, p. 527 (1904).
Ellipoptera Shipley, ibid., vol. 27, p. 261 (1904).
The systematic position of the Anoplura has always been
a matter of doubt and dispute. Because of their parasitic
habits they were for a long time classed with the Mallophaga,
but later under the influence of the “biting- or sucking-mouth-
parts” fetish, the two groups were separated and the Anoplura
were placed with the Hemiptera, of which they have for some
time been regarded as a suborder most frequently known as
Parasita. Their position here has quite generally been re-
122 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
garded as rather definitely fixed, but within the last few years
evidence has been found which indicates that a readjustment
is again desirable.
Handlirsch and Cholodkovsky have favored an arrange-
ment which restores the Anoplura and Mallophaga to a posi-
tion very similar to that which they originally held in relation
to each other, and other authors have brought forward evi-
dence in support of this view. As a result of a comparative
study of the two groups Mjoberg has concluded that they are
really quite closely related, the Anoplura being merely a further
adaptation to a parasitic life, and with this view Kellogg and
Cummings are inclined to agree. Enderlein alone, of recent
authors, has contended for retaining the Anoplura as a sub-
order of Hemiptera. The evidence is too voluminous to be
reviewed here, but it indicates very strongly that the Ano-
plura really have nothing to do with the Hemiptera and are
related to the Mallophaga. It seems best to regard the Ano-
plura as a distinct order and in the latest classification of the
Insecta, that of Brues and Melander, this is done. However,
the problem of their relationships is still an open question
which can only be settled by much more careful comparative
morphological studies.
The classification within the order itself is extremely sim-
ple; too little is known about the group for the classification
to be otherwise. Four families, all of which apparently form
quite natural groups, are recognized. Of these, one, Hzema-
tomyzidz, contains a single remarkable species (with a possi-
ble variety) which occurs upon elephants. Another small fam-
ily, Echinophthiriidz, is limited in its occurrence to marine
mammals, its peculiarities being ascribable to adaptation to
the aquatic life of the hosts. The Pediculidz include the spe-
cies found upon man, apes and monkeys, and the remainder
of the species are contained in the family Hzematopinide.
Nearly as many species have been described since 1908 as
had been described previous to that time, but in spite of this
activity the study of the group has hardly begun. The host
list, when compared with a list of the mammals of the world,
is pitifully small, as is instanced by the fact that there are but
four records of Anoplura from mammals of the South Ameri-
Vor. VJ FERRIS—ANOPLURA 133
can region. It is certainly not unsafe to estimate that the
number of known species is not more than one-fifth of those
that actually exist.
KEY
To FAMILIES, SUBFAMILIES AND GENERA OF ANOPLURA.
1—Body thickly beset with more or less short, stout spines,
or with spines and scales. Occurring exclusively on
marine mammals. Family EcHINOPHTHIRUDE...... Z
Body with spines or hairs always in definite rows,
never with scales. Occurring exclusively on land mam-
REPS neg MN eer a Nay SNE 2 A lay ta ee 4
2—Thorax and abdomen bearing delicate scales. Antenne
four- or five-segmented. Subfamily ANTARCTOPHTHI-
RUENGDY Sea 4 * Bean le Ieee Circus Fie geet SON AR nc eo 3
Thorax and abdomen without scales. Antenne four-
segmented.
Subfamily EcHINOPHTHIRUN#..Genus Echinophthirius
3—Antennz four-segmented......... Genus Lepidophthirus
Antenne five-segmented........ Genus Antarctophthirus
4—Head tubularly produced anteriorly; tibize without a
thumb-like process opposing the claw. Family H#Ma-
TOMYZIDH. One genus, Hematomyzus, occuring on
elephants.
Head not so produced; tibiz with thumb-like proc-
ESsrOp pals smilies Clanvinne Mite «6.80. > shied: Gee eae 5
5S—Eyes lacking. Family H@MATOPINIDE............. 9
Eyes present, well pigmented. Occurring on man, apes
and monkeys, Hamily PEpICULIDR:....... 2.2608: 6
6—Antenne distinctly five-segmented, abdomen without
pleural plates. Subfamily PEDICULINE............. 8
Antenne three-segmented or obscurely five-seg-
mented, abdomen with pleural plates. Subfamily Pepr-
UNG rel ola sean fused eee not Ed!) chan a a Ai
7—Legs all with slender, pointed claws, abdomen with
three pairs of pleural plates... ..: Sanc4, Genus Pedicinus
Anterior legs with slenderer claw than the others,
abdomen with two pairs of pleural plates............
Beier pr ne hereedh ak eee aera Genus Phthirpedicinus
134 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
S—Legs all of sameisize: <4 ci caiermr esas Genus Pediculus
Anterior legs much smaller than others. ..Genus Phthirus
9—Antennz five-segmented..... CUS ORE LIRR Ce age HAE sen (A 11
Antenne three-segmented. Subfamily Kun a&MATOPI-
INTE ie te ie eee (ORR Ta i ar te cei re oie a els 10
10—Posterior legs with stalked, disk-shaped appendages on
femur and tibia. 22.4). bere fulatrige Genus Euhematopinus
Posterior legs without such appendages.............
Eve Porat seecne toner aie aurea cote Genus Hematopinoides
11—Legss and claws all practically of equal size..........
Subfamily Ha:MATOPININAE....... Genus Hematopinus
Anterior legs smaller and with slenderer claw than
the posterior pair, at least. Subfamily LINOGNATHIN &..12
12—Anterior tarsi with two joints...... Genus Hybophthirus
Anterior tars) with/ Dut One jOINt. 2.6 ols in es 13
13—Anterior tarsi with a short, claw-like process in addi-
HIOMPLONPMEKClA Wine hee vies cose eee ae wallets tations Genus Scipio
ANPETIO MASAO SO. Water an ures oeuecn le eniade mle Weck s ears 14
14—Abdomen with well developed pleural plates.......... 18
Abdomen entirely without pleural plates............. IS)
15—Abdomen with more than one row of hairs or spines
Omer Ch, SEGMENE ili sei nee dc es access Genus Linognathus
Abdomen with but one row of hairs on each segment. .16
16—Gonapods moderately long, behind each gonapod a
stout, flat, spine-like process...... Genus Cervo phthirius
Gonapods very short, no flat, spine-like process behind
thera: ae cee eee: Genus Hemodipsus (in part)
18—Anterior pair of legs equal to middle pair, both pairs
very small, posterior pair large and stout............
BGO IS Sree ke Te PRET SS Me Genus Enderleinellus
Anterior legs smaller than either middle and poste-
rior legs and with much smaller and more slender claw. 19
19—Second or third abdominal sternite with a chitinized
plate or area near each lateral margin. Genus Fahrenholzia
Second or third abdominal sternite without such
0 ot ges FICS COPA Sr A RM SN et Me tec Se SUN EE 20
20—Abdominal segments with but a single transverse row
GUIS PUMTES': 50 aha. Aue cotta tema ets euth oot Uiitsia aka Nese pean Bil
Abdominal segments, at least in part, with two or
MOLEMTAaNSVELS© TOWSAOL Spiess voc. cube manos tee da ee
Vou. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 135
21—Occiput deeply sunk into the thorax, rostrum sur-
rounded by denticles, pleural plates quite large........
EMG) NS Cee rh eR a a a Genus Eulinognathus
Occiput not deeply sunk into the thorax, rostrum
not surrounded by denticles, pleural plates minute....
TOC ALA pei ar ee Genus Hemodipsus (in part)
22—Abdominal tergites and sternites with not more than
EWOULOWS Ola MalTSNOP SPINES ssc.) st ke noe ee ee ee 23
Abdominal tergites and sternites in part with three
FOws Of haiesior spines. os .!..< o.h6 4% Genus Hoplopleura
23—First antennal segment with a short, stout spine at the
distal post axial angle or on the posterior margin. ....
SOS tio oe Or eRe rier sae Genus Neohematopinus (in part)
Mitstantennalyseoument nO SO. as vibes hc. . sactoad.. 24
24—Posterior margin of second abdominal tergite of male
distinctly emarginate with a group of spines at each end
of this emargination. ..Genus Neohematopinus (in part)
Posterior margin of second abdominal tergite of male
GE EMS Chao ape wets Bemis MEN GU ope Su Sl eS ns cio Nabe aie 25
25—Abdomen with distinct, chitinized tergal and sternal
Platesmmpothse esl sis his) spac 6 ois asa aic Genus Polyplax
Abdomen without distinct, chitinized tergal and
sternal plates in the female and with these absent or ex-
tremely reduced in size in the male. .Genus Linognathoides
Family Pediculide
Leach, Zool. Misc., Vol. 3, p. 64 (1817) ; Giebel, Insecta Epi-
zoa, p. 21 (1874) ; Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 615-618 (1880) ;
Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 136 (1904) ; Dalla Torre,
Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 8 (1908).
Antenne five- or three- (obscurely five-) segmented. Eyes
present, distinctly pigmented. Legs fitted for climbing, the
tibiz with a thumb-like process opposing the claw. No pre-
tarsal sclerite between tibia and tarsus. Parasitic upon man,
apes, and monkeys.
Subfamily Pediculine
Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 138 (1904); Dalla
Torre, Gen. Jns., Anopl., p. 8 (1908).
Antenne distinctly five-segmented. No pleural plates.
136 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Ser.
Genus Pediculus Linnzeus
Linnzus, Systema Nature, ed. 10, p. 610 (1758); Denny,
Mon. Anopl., pp. 12-13 (1842); Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp.
27-30 (1874) ; Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 619-623 (1880) ; En-
derlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 138 (1904).
Head short. Legs all of approximately the same size. Ab-
domen elongated. Spiracles small. Abdominal segments
without lateral projections, and with numerous small spines.
Type of the genus P. capitis De Geer,
1—Pediculus mjobergi, new name. From Ateleus sp.?
(traveling menagerie, Europe).
1910. Pediculus affinis (not of Burmeister), Mjoberg,
Atk. t. Zook, Vol: 6, pt) 13, pp: 169-171) t. 85.
2—Pediculus capitis De Geer. From man. Also recorded
from Aieleus ater (locality unknown) and from Cebus fa-
tuellus and Cebus sp. (Rio de Janeiro, S. America).
1758. Pediculus humanus Linneus, Syst. Nature,
FOth ed.,. p. 610;
1778. Pediculus humanus var. I, Linneus, ibid., 12th
CdnVioly 2 inpe OO:
1778. Pediculus humanis var. capitis De Geer, Mem.
bist ines, Wiol. (7s pos spl Ae the:
1817. Pediculus cervicalis Leach, Zool. Misc., Vol. 3,
p. 66.
1818. Pediculus capitis Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag., Vol.
33. pe 305:
1842. Pediculus capitis Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 13-
LO; spl Zonk 12:
1874. Pediculus capitis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 30-32;
10) Ma Bp i 8
1880. Pediculus capitis Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 619-623;
pli sO, a2:
1912. Pediculus capitis Fahrenholz, Jahresb. d. Nie-
dersach; Zool. Ver. pp. 2-12 tf. 123,17; pk 3;
f. 3-4.
3—Pediculus consobrinus Piaget. From Ateleus paniscus
(Museum Leyden).
1880. Pediculus consobrinus Piaget, Les. Ped., pp.
626-628; pl. 51, f. 4.
Vor, VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA r3/
1908. Pediculus consobrinus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.
Anopl., p. 8.
1911. Pediculus consobrinus Neumann, Arch. de Par.,
Vol. 14, pp. 412-413.
Note: This species is very doubtfully distinct from
Pediculus capitis.
4—Pediculus corporis De Geer. From man.
1758. Pediculus humanus Linneus, Syst. Nat., 10th
edz ip: Ol0:
1766. Pediculus humanus var. 2 Linneus, ibid., 12th
edi Viol, 235p: 1016.
1778. Pediculus humanus var. corporis De Geer, Mem.
Elsealns' Vol, Apo7: pl ly if. 7.
1818. Pediculus vestimenti Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag.,
Noles is 305,
1842. Pediculus vestimenti Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp.
16-18 sepli 26, tT.
1874. Pediculus vestimenti Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp.
27-30) pli, t05:
1880. Pediculus vestimenti Piaget, Les. Ped., pp. 623-
OZ5-olios feo:
1908. Pediculus corporis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 8.
1911. Pediculus capitis var. vestimentt Neumann,
Arch. de Par., Vol. 14, pp. 411-412.
1912. Pediculus corporis Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb.
d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 2-12; f. 2; pl. 3,
f. 1-2.
5—Pediculus lobatus Fahrenholz. From Ateleus pan (Berlin
Museum).
1913. Pediculus lobatus Fahrenholz (without descrip-
tion), Zool. Anz., Vol. 41, p. 373.
6—Pediculus oblongus Fahrenholz. From Hylobates concolor
and Hylobates syndactylus.
1913. Pediculus oblongus Fahrenholz (without de-
scription), Zool. Anz., Vol. 41, p. 373.
7—Pediculus schaiffi Fahrenholz. From Pan sp.?
1910. Pediculus schaffi Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz., Vol.
Soy Date
138 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
Genus Phthirus Leach
Phthirus Leach, Edinburgh Encycl., Vol. 9, p. 77 (1815) ;
Zool. Misc., Vol. 3, p. 64 (1817) ; Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, pp. 136, 138 (1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 9
(1908).
Phthirius Burmeister, Handbuch der Entomologie, Vol. 2,
p. 1 (1835); Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 8-9 (1842) ; Giebel,
Ins. Epizoa,pp723-27 split tS (C1874); Piaget. es Ped.
pp. 628-630; pl. 51, f. 5 (1880).
Anterior legs much smaller and with much slenderer claws
than the others. Abdomen short and broad, the fifth to eighth
segments with conical lateral processes. Spiracles large, those
of the first three abdominal segments crowded close together.
1—Phthirus pubis Linnzeus. From man.
1758. Pediculus pubis Linnzus, Syst. Nature, ed. 10,
poll
1817. Phthirus inguinalis Leach, Edinburgh Encycl.,
Vol. 9) p77:
1818. Pediculus tabescentium Alt. De Phthiriasi.
1842. Phthirius inguinalis Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp.
OAL plz Onto:
1874. Phthirius inguinalis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 23-
27 lh deh oo:
1880. Phthirius inguinalis Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 628-
630): plait:
1904. Phthirus pubis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28,
prtso:
1908. Phthirus pubis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl.,
ps:
Subfamily Pedicinine
Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 138 (1904) ; Dalla
Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 9 (1908); Fahrenholz, Jahresb.
d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 28-29 (1912).
Antenne three-segmented or obscurely five-segmented.
Head more or less elongated. Abdomen with a single row of
many very small spines on each segment. Pleural plates pres-
ent on certain abdominal segments.
Vor. VI} FERRIS—ANOPLURA 139
Note: The synonymy of the species in this subfamily has
been dealt with by Fahrenholz and, although it is still far from
clear, his conclusions have been adopted here.
Genus Pedicinus Gervais
Gervais, Aptéres, Vol. 3, p. 301; pl. 48, f. 1 (1844) ; Giebel,
Ins. Epizoa, pp. 32-33 (1874) ; Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 630-632
(1880) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 9 (1908) ; Fahren-
holz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 12-16
(1912):
All legs with slender, pointed claws of nearly the same
size. Abdomen with three pairs of pleural plates.
Type of the genus Pedicinus eurygaster Piaget.
1—Pedicinus breviceps Piaget. From Lasiopyga mona. Also
from Cercopithecus, sp., and Pithecus albibarbatus.
1880. Pedicinus breviceps Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 632-
Gos aple Zara le
1910. Pedicinus breviceps Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol.
GO pty lon w/z,
1912. Pedicinus breviceps Fahrenholz, 2-3- 4th
Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., p. 16, 28.
2—Pedicinus eurygaster (Burmeister). From Pithecus nemes-
trinus and Pithecus fascicularis?
1838. Pediculus eurygaster Burmeister, Gen. Insecto-
rum.
1880. Pedicinus eurygaster Piaget, Les Ped., p. 630;
ple Siete:
1908. Pedicimus eurygaster Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 9.
1912. Pedicinus eurygaster Fahrenholz, 2-3 - 4th
Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 12-15,
28.
3—Pedicinus hamadryas Mjoberg. Type from Papio sp.?
(Zool. Mus. Hamburg).
1910. Pedicinus hamadryas Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
Vol. 6, pt. 13, pp. 172-174, f. 86-87.
4—Pedicinus longiceps Piaget. Type from Pygathrix cristata?
Also from Pithecus fascicularis?
140 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
1880. Pedicinus longiceps Piaget, Les Ped., p. 632;
ple Slit 7.
1908. Pedicinus longiceps Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
AnOpls pO:
1912. Pedicinus longiceps Fahrenholz, 2-3- 4th
Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 15, 28.
5—Pedicinus paralleliceps Mjoberg. From Pithecus albibar-
batus (Zool. Mus. Hamburg).
1910. Pedicinus paralleliceps Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
Vol. 6, pt. 13, pp. 174-176, f. 88.
6—Pedicinus rhesi Fahrenholz. From Pithecus rhesus.
1912. Pedicinus rhesi Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz., Vol. 39,
p. 54.
1912. Pedicinus rhesi Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. d.
Niedetsach, Zool. Wer., pp. 15-223) pl: 1, £. 4
Depo. £10
Genus Phihirpedicinus Fahrenholz
Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz., Vol. 39, pp. 54-55 (1912), 2-3-4th
Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 22-23.
Anterior legs with slender, pointed claw, others with short,
blunt claws. Abdomen with two pairs of pleural plates.
Type of the genus Phthirpedicinus mucrofilosus Fahren-
holz.
1—Phthirpedicinus nucropilosus Fahrenholz. From Pithecus
rhesus.
1912. Phthirpedicinus nucropilosus Fahrenholz, Zool.
tz WAS oes Ao Oe
1912. Phthirpedicinus micropilosus Fahrenholz, 2-3-
4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 22-
23; pl. Letel-3:
2—Phthirpedicinus microps (Nitzsch). From Pithecus sinicus.
1838. Pediculus eurygaster Burmeister, Gen. Ins.
1864. Pediculus microps Nitzsch, Giebel, Zeit. f. ges.
Naturw., Vol 23; p. 32:
1874. Pedicinus eurygaster Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp.
32-33.
1912. Phthirpedicinus microps Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz.,
Vol 39) pio»:
Vor. VI]. FERRIS—ANOPLURA ; 141
1912. Phthirpedicinus microps Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th
Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 13, 26,
28.
3—Phithirpedicinus piagett (Stroebelt). From Pithecus brevi-
caudatus or P. rhesus.
1881. Pedicimus piageti Stroebelt, Jahresb. d. westf.
Ver. f. Wissensch. u. Kunst, Vol. 9, p. 82; pl. 1,
tn os
1908. Pedicinus piageti Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl.,
p93:
1912. Phthirpedicmus piageti Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th
Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., p. 28.
Pediculidee of uncertain position
Pedicinus graciliceps Piaget. From unknown host.
1885. Pedicinus graciliceps Piaget, Les Ped., Suppl.,
p. 141; pl. 15, f. 4.
1912. Pedicmmus? graciliceps Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th
Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 20, 29.
Note: Fahrenholz regards this species as probably be-
longing to an undescribed genus, characterized chiefly by
the presence of five pairs of pleural plates.
Hematopinus albidus Rudow. From Simia sylvanus.
1869. Hematopinus albidus Rudow, Zeit. f. d. ges.
Naturw., Vol. 34, p. 169.
1912. Hematopinus? albidus Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th
Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., p. 29.
Note: Judging from the host, this probably belongs
to the subfamily Pedicinine. The genus cannot be deter-
mined.
Hematopinus obtusus Rudow. From Pygathrix aurata?
1869. Hematopinus obtusus Rudow, Zeit. f. d. ges.
Naturw., Vol. 34, p. 169.
1908. Hematopinus? obtusus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 11.
Note: This probably belongs to the Pediculide.
142 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Serr.
Family Hematopinide
Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 137 (1904) ; Dalla
Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 10 (1908).
Eyes lacking. Antenne three- or five-segmented. Tubiz
with a thumb-like process opposing the claw.
Subfamily Hematopinine
Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 138 (1904) ; Dalla
Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 10 (1908).
Antenne five-segmented. Anterior legs of practically the
size of the others. A triangular skeletal piece (pre-tarsal
sclerite) present between tibia and tarsus.
Genus Hematopinus Leach
Leach, Zool. Misc., Vol. 3, pp. 64-65, f. 146 (1817) ; Den-
ny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 24-25 (1842); Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp.
33-35 (1874) ; Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 633-635 (1880) ; Ender-
lein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 138 (1904) ; Neumann, Arch. de
Pare, Vol. 13, pp. 529-532 (1909); Dalla Torre, Gen: Ins:
Anopl., p. 10 (1908); Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall.,
p) 10,( 1915).
Head with very sharp, forward pointing temporal angles.
Thorax broad. Legs all of practically the same size, with a
strongly chitinized skeletal piece between tibia and tarsus. Ab-
domen with a swollen, pad-like, chitinized area on the lateral
margins of the third to eighth segments. Tergites and stern-
ites with a varying number of small chitinized plates. Each
tergite and sternite with one transverse row of very small
hairs.
Recorded from Perissodactyla and Artiodactyla.
Type of the genus, Hematopinus suis (Linneus).
1—Hematopinus asini (Linnzus). From the domestic horse
and the ass (cosmopolitan). Also from Equus burchellt
(Zool. Mus. Hamburg).
1758. Pediculus asini Linneus, Syst. Nat., 10th ed.,
ps (612:
Vor. VI]
1829.
1838.
1842.
1865.
1874.
1880.
1891.
1896.
1904.
1908.
1910:
FERRIS—ANOPLURA 143
Hematopinus asini Stephens, Catalogue, Vol.
Dae Pird 29.
Pediculus macrocephalus Burmeister, Gen.
Rhyn. No. 18.
Hematopinus asini Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp.
O2705 spl 254: 1.) 1,
Hematopinus equi Simmonds, Journ. Ag. Soc.
Lond. (2), Vol. 1, pp. 60-62.
Hematopinus macrocephalus Giebel, Ins. Epi-
zoa, pp. 44-45; pl. 2, f. 5.
Hematopinus macrocephalus Piaget, Les Ped.,
Pp: 652-653; pl. 53. £ 3:
Hematopinus asini Osborn, Bul. 7, o. SARS:
DeptyAgr) Divs Ent, pp: 21-22, £ 9.
Hematopinus asini Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., pp.
180-181, f. 103.
Hematopinus asini Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 141.
Hematopinus asini Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 10.
Hematopinus asini Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol.
Oy pt. sha. p: 167:
la—Hematopinus asini var. colorata Piaget. From Equus
asinus.
1880.
(Europe).
Hematopinus macrocephalus var. colorata Pia-
eet, csebedi.p. 654:
2—Hematopinus bufali (De Geer). From Buffelus caffer.
(Congo Free State and Nyasaland, Africa).
1778.
1844.
Pediculus bufali De Geer, Histoire des Ins.,
Voli p 68s pl It tl 12.
Pediculus phthiriopsis Gervais, Apteres, Vol. 3,
p. 306.
Hematopinus phthiriopsis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
p. 47.
Hematopinus phthiriopsis Piaget, Les Ped., p.
652.
Hematopinus phthiriopsis Enderlein, Zool.
Anz., Vol. 28, p. 141.
Hematopinus phthiriopsis Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins., Anopl., p. 11.
144 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Ser.
1909. Hematopinus bufali Neumann, Arch. de Par.,
Vol. 13,-pp. 500-505, £..2-5:
1910. Hematopinus phthiriopsis Mjoberg, Ark. f.
ZO0).; Vol. 6, pt. 13x'p: 160:
3—Hematopinus eurysternus (Nitzsch). From Bos taurus.
1818. Pediculus eurysternus Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag.,
Volit3, p: 305.
1842. Hematopinus eurysternus Denny, Mon. Anopl.,
pp. Z9-30iols Zone oe
1864. Pediculus eurysternus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges.
Natunw:., Vol. 23; p. 27:
1874. Hematopinus eurysternus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
pp. 41-42; pl. 2, £. 8.
1880. Hematopinus eurysternus Piaget, Les Ped., pp.
648-650; pl. 53, f. 1.
1885. Hematopinus tuberculatus var. penicillatus
Piaget, dees: Peds Suppl. p: 146:
1891. Hematopinus eurysternus Osborn, Bul. 7, o. s.,
US, Dept: Aor, Div. Mats pp, 15-16; 1,6:
1896. Hematopinus eurysternis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s.,
U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 172-175, f. 100.
1908. Hematopinus eurysternus Dalla Torre, Gen.
Inss Anoplp. li
1909. Hematopinus eurysternus Neumann, Arch. de
Pars Volts) Ves ap: 498-500,
4—_Hematopinus longus Neumann. From Cervus unicolor.
(Nepaul, India).
1912. Hematopinus longus Neumann, Bul. Soc. Zool.
France, Vol. 37, pp. 141-142, f. 1-4.
5—Hematopinus ? oviformis Rudow. From Hircus mag-
nificus.
(This name does not appear in available catalogues of
mammals ).
1869. Hematopinus oviformis Rudow, Zeit. f. ges.
Naturw., Vol. 34, p. 170.
1874. Hematopinus oviformis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
p: 47. :
1880. Hematopinus oviformis Piaget, Les Ped., p.
648.
Vor. VI) FERRIS—ANOPLURA 145
1908. Hematopinus ? oviformis Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins., Anopl., p. 11.
6—Hematopinus phachochoeri Enderlein. Type from Pha-
chochoerus oeliani massaicus. (Kilimandjaro). Also
from Phachochoerus, sp., Potamochoerus choeropotamus
and P. africanus, P. affinis nyase. (German E. Africa and
4 Athica))),
1908. Hematopinus phachochoeri Enderlein, Swed.
Exp. Kilimandjaro-Meru, Vol. 2, pt. 11, pp.
7-9, fig.
1909. Hematopinus latus Neumann, Arch. de Par.,
Vol. 13, pp. 505-508, f. 6-9.
1911. Hematopinus peristictus Kellogg & Paine, Bul.
Ent. Res., Vol. 2, pp. 145-146; pl. 4, f. 3-6.
1912. Hematopinus phachochoeri Paine, Ent. News,
Vol. 23, p. 468.
1912. Hematopinus phachochoert Harms, Zool. Anz.,
Volk 40): ps 293, 7.73.
1912. Hematopinus incisus Harms, Ibid., pp. 290-
PAS PG Vp
1916. Hematopinus phachochoeri Ferris, Ann. Dur-
‘ ban Mus., Vol. 2 (in press).
Note: This possibly contains two species; if so, they
should stand as Hematopinus phachochoert Enderlein and
Hematopinus peristictus Kellogg & Paine.
7—Hematopinus punctatus (Rudow). From Bos grunniens.
1869. Pediculus punctatus Rudow, Zeit. f. ges. Na-
turw., Vol. 34, p. 167.
1874. Hematopinus punctatus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
p. 47.
1880. Hematopinus tuberculatus var. punctatus Pia-
get, Les Ped.; p: 652.
1908. Pediculus ? punctatus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 9.
1910. Hematopinus punctatus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
Vol. 6, pt. 13, p. 166-167.
8—Hematopinus suis (Linneus). From domestic swine.
(Cosmopolitan)?
1634. Pediculus urius Moufet, Theatrum Ins., p. 266.
146 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
1758. Pediculus suis Linneus, Syst. Nat. (10th ed.),
pole
1817. Hematopinus suis Leach, Zool. Misc., Vol. 3,
py 655 pl 146:
1818. Pediculus urius Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag., Vol. 3,
pasos:
1842. Hematopinus suis Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 34-
S5eiplii25, de 2.
1847. Hematopinus suis Burmeister, Linnea. Ento-
mol wViol 20 pia77% plik:
1874. Hematopinus urius Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 45-
46; pl.oZ, 4.0,
1880. Hematopinus urius Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 654-
656; pl. 48, f. 4.
1891. Hematopinus uriuts Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., U.S.
Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 18-21, f. 8.
1896. Hematopinus urius Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U.S.
Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 178-180, f. 102.
1904. Hematopinus suis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, 0p. LZ.
1908. Hematopinus suis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 11,
1911. Hematopinus suis Neumann, Arch. de Par.,
Vol. 14, pp. 406-490, f. 8a.
8a—Hematopinus suis var. adventicius Neumann. From Sus
vittatus (East Indies).
1911. Hematopinus suis var. adventicius Neumann,
Arch. de Par., Vol. 14, pp. 406-410, f. 8b.
9—Hematopinus taurotragi Cummings. From Taurotragus
oryx. (Menagerie, Eng.)
1914. Hematopinus taurotragi Cummings, Bul. Ent.
Res., Volo s4pp- 155-159) f) 1-2:
10—Hematopinus tuberculatus (Burmeister). Type from
“Common buffalo or buffalo of India” (Vienna), also from
“Buffalo of India, Tonkin, Summatra and Rumania,” Bison
bison (North America), Camelus dromedarius (India)
and African camels.
1668. Piddochio del cammello Redi, Esperienze intor-
no alla generatione deg!’ insetti, pl. 20.
Vou. VI]
1758:
1839.
1844.
TS52.
1864.
1867.
1874.
1874.
1880.
1880.
1904.
1908.
1908.
£OOS:
1910.
ott.
FERRIS—ANOPLURA 147
Pediculus cameli Linneus, Systema Nature, ed.
10, p. 611.
Pediculus tuberculatus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn.,
No. 20.
Pediculus cameli Gervais, Apteres, Vol. 3, p.
306.
Hematopinus tuberculatus Lucas, Ann. Ent.
Soc: France, Vol: 10; ser. 2, pp: 529-533; pl:
LNOMZ
Pediculus tuberculatus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na-
EUIWen Vl 255 p: OZ.
Hematopimus tuberculatus Nitzsch, Ibid., Vol.
28, Dn oo/:
Hematopinus cameli Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 47.
Hematopinus tuberculatus Giebel, Ibid., pp.
46-47,
Hematopinus cameli Piaget, Les Ped., p. 644.
Hematopinus tuberculatus Piaget, Ibid., pp.
6530-69257 pl, 5S,h. 2:
Hematopinus tuberculatus Enderlein, Zool.
Anz, Vol. 28) -p. 140:
Hematopinus ? cameli Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anoplesp. i:
Hematopinus tuberculatus Dalla Torre, Ibid.,
on Wau
Hematopinus tuberculatus Neumann, Arch. de
Bare Vol) (5, pp 497-500, tlt
Hematopinus tuberculatus Mjoberg, Ark. f.
Zool. Vol 6, pt. 135, p. 167.
Hematopinus tuberculatus Neumann, Arch. de
Par., Vol. 14, pp. 413-414.
Subfamily Linognathine.
Trichauline Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 138 (1904).
Linognathine Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 29, p. 194
(1905) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 11 (1908).
Antenne five-segmented. Anterior legs always distinctly
smaller and with much slenderer claw than the posterior. No
skeletal piece (pre-tarsal sclerite) between tibia and tarsus.
148 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
Genus Enderleinellus Fahrenholz
Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz., Vol. 39, p. 56 (1912); 2-3-4th
Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 52-58 (1912) ; Kellogg
and Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 40 (1915).
Anterior and middle pairs of legs of equal size, small and
with slender claws. Posterior legs very large and stout, with
stout claw. Head entirely without temporal angles. Abdomen
with or without chitinized tergal and sternal plates. Abdom-
inal segments for the most part with but one row of hairs
or spines in both male and female. Third sternite usually with
a widely separated pair of chitinized plates or areas, one near
each lateral margin. Pleurites present on second to fifth or
sixth segments.
Recorded only from Sciurid@ and Petauristide (Rodentia).
Type of the genus Enderleinellus spherocephalus
(Nitzsch).
1—Enderleinellus kelloggi Ferris. Type from Sciurus griseus
nigripes (California, U. S. A.). Also from S. griseus
griseus (California).
1916. Enderleinellus kelloggi Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23
(in press).
2—Enderleinellus longiceps Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Sci-
urus niger rufiventer or S. carolinensis (Lincoln, Nebraska,
U.S. A.) Also from Sciurus niger rufiventer (Indiana, U.
S. A.) and S. arizonensis huachuca (Arizona, U.S. A.).
1915. Enderleinellus longiceps Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 44-46; pl.
2 trou Np lee ennlic (ple. ba 2)
1916. Enderleinellus longiceps Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23
(in press).
3—Enderleinellus osborni Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Citel-
lus beecheyi (California, U. S. A.). Also from Citellus
douglasi (California).
1915. Enderleinellus osborni Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl.
& Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 43-44; t. f. 15;
pl Ar esol Gok @:
4 _Fnderleinellus spherocephalus (Nitzsch). Type from Sci-
urus vulgaris (Europe). Also from Sciurus hudsonicus
Vor. VI]
FERRIS—ANOPLURA 149
petulans and S. hudsonicus vancouverensis (Alaska) and
S. douglasi albolimbatus (California, U. S. Vag) Ye
1818.
1842,
1864.
1874.
1880.
1904.
1908.
1910,
1912,
LODZ,
LONG:
Pediculus spherocephalus Nitzsch, Germar’s
Mag., Vol. 3, p. 305.
Hematopinus spherocephalus Denny, Mon.
Anopl., p. 36.
Pediculus spherocephalus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges.
Naturw., Vol. 23, p. 27.
Hematopinus spherocephalus Giebel, Ins. Epi-
zoa, pp. 35-36; pl. 1, f. 4.
Hematopinus spherocephalus Piaget, Les Ped.,
p. 640-641.
Polyplax ? spherocephala Enderlein, Zool.
Anz., Vol. 28, p. 143.
Polyplax ? spherocephala Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins., Anopl., p. 14.
Polyplax ? spherocephala Mjoberg, Ark. f.
Zool., Vol. 6, pt. 13, pp. 159-160.
Enderleinellus spherocephalus Fahrenholz,
Zook Anz, Vol. 39. p:'56.
Enderleinellus spherocephalus Fahrenholz,
2-3-4th Jahresb. d. Niedersich. Zool. Ver., pp.
32-995,,0) 22-23 2p 2) 5.6. 7.
Enderleinellus spherocephalus Ferris, Psyche,
Vol. 23 (in press).
5S—Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn). Type from Citellus
franklini or C. tridecemlineatus (Iowa). Also from C.
oregonus and C. mollis (Nevada, U. S. A.), C. townsendi
(Washington, U. S. A.), Citellus beldingi, Xerospermophi-
lus tereticaudus and Ammospermophilus nelsoni (Califor-
nia, U.S. A.), Cynomys gunnisoni and C. leucurus (Colo-
FAdO Wy SLAs) -
1891.
1896.
1904.
1908.
Hematopinus suturalis Osborn, Bul. 7, o. s., U.
5. Dept) Agr. Div) Ents 7 27 eto
Hematopinus suturalis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U.
5. Dept, Agr; Div) Ent) panties aii) 109:
Polyplax ? suturalis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 143.
Polyplax ? suturalis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 14.
150 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
1915. Enderleinellus suturalis Kellogg & Fetris,
Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 40-42;
plats: ;
1916. Enderleinellus suturalis Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23
(in press).
Sa—Enderleinellus suturalis var. occidentalis Kellogg & Fer-
ris. From Callospermophilus chrysodeirus trinitatus (Cal-
[fornia Wa See)
1915. Enderleinellus suturalis var. occidentalis Kel-
logge & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am.
Mam ip. 42 ol i2eta3s pk 4, lO pla, al.
6—Enderleinellus uncinatus Ferris. From Glaucomys sabrinus
lascivus (California, U. S. A.).
1916. Enderleinellus uncinatus Ferris, Psyche, Vol.
23 (in press).
Genus Fahrenholzia Kellogg & Ferris
Kellogg and Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam.,
pi o2
Antenne similar in sexes. Head and thorax very small.
Anterior legs small with slender claw. Middle and posterior
legs much larger, sub-equal, with stout claws. Abdomen
without chitinized tergal and sternal plates. Each abdominal
segment with but one row of spines in both male and female.
Pleural plates present on a variable number of segments.
Sternite of second segment with a large chitinized plate near
each lateral margin. Spiracles small.
Recorded only from Heteromyide (Rodentia).
Type of the genus Fahrenholzia pinnata Kellogg & Ferris.
1—Fahrenholzia pinnata Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Dipo-
domys californicus (California, U. S. A.). Also from
Dipodomys deserti, D. merrianu, Perodipus sp. and Micro-
dipodops polionotus (California) and Perognathus parvus
olivaceous (Nevada, U. S. A.).
1915. Fahrenholzia pinnata Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl.
and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 32-35; t. £. 13;
pli3, f.2 spl 5) £.5-6 pl: 6, £10;
1916. Fahrenholzia pinnata Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23
(in press).
Vor. VIJ FERRIS—ANOPLURA Sal
2—Fahrenholzia tribulosa Ferris. Type from Perognathus
californicus (California, U. S. A.). Also from Perognath-
us formosus (California).
1916. Fahrenholzia tribulosa Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23
(in press).
Genus Hemodipsus Enderlein
Hemodipsus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 139, 143
(1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 15 (1908) ; Mjo-
betg, Ark. f. Zool.,; Vol. 6, pt. 13, p:.165 (1910) ; Kelloge &
Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 27-28 (1915).
Hematopinus (Polyplax) Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol.
iS pp: 550, (1909))\2
Anterior legs small with slender claw, middle and posterior
legs larger, sub-equal, with heavier claws. Head broad, thorax
very small. Abdomen entirely without chitinized tergites and
sternites, each segment with a single transverse row of spines
or hairs. Pleural plates very small or wanting. Gonapods
very short.
Recorded only from Leporide (Rodentia).
Type of the genus Hemodipsus lyriocephalus (Burm. ).
1—Hemodipsus lyriocephalus (Burm.). Type from Lepus
timidus (Europe). Also from L. europeus occidentalis
(Europe). —
1839, Pediculus lyriocephalus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn.
Nowe fa.7-
1842. Hematopinus lyriocephalus Denny, Mon.
Anopl., pp. 27-28; pl. 24, f. 4.
1864. Pediculus lyriceps Nitzsch, Zeits. f. ges. Na-
tiirwi VOls 23,.p..24.
1874. Hematopinus lyriocephalus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
pps 09-40) pl. 2, £ 2:
1880. Hematopinus lyriocephalus Piaget, Les Ped.,
pp. 641-642; pl. 52, f. 5.
1904. Hemodipsus lyriocephalus Enderlein, Zool.
Anz, Vol. 28; p. 143:
1908. Hemodipsus lyriocephalus Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins., Anopl., p. 15.
109:
1910.
ONS:
LOND:
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
Hematopinus (Polyplax) lyriocephalus Neu-
mann; ‘Arch. de,Par-, Voli13) ip. 528:
Hemodipsus lyriocephalus Mjéberg, Ark. f.
Zool: Wolk: 6;/pt.. 13, tp 165:
Hemodipsus lyriocephalus Evans, Proc. Royal
Phys. Soc. Edinburgh, Vol. 19, p. 94.
Hemodipsus lyriocephalus Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 28.
2—Hemodipsus ventricosus (Denny). From Oryctolagus
cuniculus (Europe). Also from “domestic rabbit” (Eu-
rope and North America), Lepus campestris (Iowa, UV. S.
A.), Lepus californicus (California, U. S. A.), and L. cal-
ifornicus deserticola (Arizona, U. S. A.).
1842.
Hematopinus ventricosus Denny, Mon. Anopl.,
Ppy OO-olei pl 2a, ) 1. 6: |
Hematopinus ventricosus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
p. 47.
Hematopinus ventricosus Piaget, Les Ped., p.
642.
Hematopinus ventricosus Piaget, Les Ped.,
Suppl., pp. 141-147; pl. 16, f. 9.
Hematopinus ventricosus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s.,
WS. DeptaAcr, Divs Ent) p12.
Hemodipsus ventricosus Enderlein, Zool. Anz.,
Vol. 28, p. 143.
Hemodipsus ventricosus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl.; pi 15:
Hematopimnus (Polyplax) ventricosus Neu-
mann, Arch..de Par.) Vol 13; pp. 527-528, £272
Hemodipsus ventricosus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
VoleGpialssp). loo,
Polyplax ventricosa Evans, Proc. Royal Phys.
Soc. Edinburgh, Vol. 19, p. 94.
Hemodipsus ventricosus Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 28-30;
fhe spline, ls san Dlsihs they Wea Dlyr Omicea alae
Hemodipsus ventricosus Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23
(in press).
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 153
Genus Hoplopleura Enderlein
Hoplopleura Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 221-223
(1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 14 (1908) ; Fahren-
holz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 44-46
(1912) ; Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam.,
pp. 15-16, (1915):
Hematopinus (Polyplax) Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol.
tS Daool, (L909).
Antennz similar in the sexes. Anterior legs small with
slender claw; middle legs larger with stouter claw; posterior
legs very stout with stout, heavy claw and usually with a small,
pointed protuberance on the anterior margin of the tibia. Fe-
male with most of the abdominal tergites divided into three
transverse plates, each bearing a row of spines. Males with
most of the abdominal tergites and sternites divided into two
plates or undivided, but with some divided into three. Ante-
rior division of the third sternite in both sexes with two pairs,
or with two groups of three very stout and conspicuous spines.
Pleural plates present.
From Muride and Sciuride (Rodentia).
Type of the genus Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.).
1—Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.). Type from Microtus
arvalis (Europe). Also from Microtus agrestis, Mus mus-
culus and (?) Sorex araneus (Europe) and Dicrostonyx
torquatus (Pitlekaj).
1839. Pediculus acanthopus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn.,
No. Se pl t £. 2.
1842. Hematopinus acanthopus Denny, Mon. Anopl.,
peo pla. fs 3
1864. Pediculus acanthopus Nitzsch, Zeits. f. ges.
Naturw., Vol. 23, p. 27.
1874. Hematopinus acanthopus Giebel, Ins. Ep., pp.
36-37 | pl 2, £13.
1880. Hematopinus acanthopus Piaget, Les Ped., pp.
638-640; pl. 52, f. 4.
1904. Polyplax acanthopus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 142.
1904. Hoplopleura acanthopus Enderlein, Ibid., Vol.
28, pp. 220-223, f. 1-2.
154 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
1908. Hoplopleura acanthopus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 14.
1910. Hoplopleura acanthopus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
Vol:/6, pts; po lor
1912. Hoplopleura acanthopus Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th
Jahresb. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 46-52, f.
18-20; pl. 2, f. 14-15.
la—Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus Kellogg & Fer-
ris. Type from Microtus californicus (California, U. S.
A.). Also from M. (Lagurus) intermedius and other
species of Microtus (California, Iowa) and “white lem-
ming” (Point Barrow, Alaska).
1891. Hoplopleura acanthopus Osborn, Bul. 7, o. s.,
WS. Dep Act. Div. Ent. prize, f Ll
1896. Hoplopleura acanthopus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s.,
U.S. Dept. Acr., Div. Ent., pp. 181-182, £. 104.
1915. Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus Kel-
logg and Ferris, Anopl. and Mall of N. Am.
Mam (p log tind. pli4, f 25 pl. 5, £10.
2—Hoplopleura arboricola Kellogg & Ferris. Type from
Eutamias sonome (California, U. S. A.). Also from
Sciurus griseus griseus, S. douglasi mollipilosus, S. doug-
lasi albolimbatus, Eutamias alpinus, E. hindsi, E. sonome,
E. merriami pricei, E. townsendi echrogenys, E. speciosus
frater (California), and Tamuas striatus (Iowa, U.S. A.).
1915. Hoplopleura arboricola Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 19-21;
tif: -6-7 split. 43 pl. 6, £.:8:
1916. Hoplopleura arboricola Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23
(in press).
3—Hoplopleura bidentata (Neumann). From Epimys rattus
(Lake Torrens, Australia).
1909. Hematopinus (Polyplax) bidentatus Neumann,
Arch..de Par, Val..13, pp. olo-o17, £48.
1915. Hoplopleura ? bidentata Kellogg & Ferris,
Ann, Durban Mus., Vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 155.
4—Hoplopleura enormis Kellogg & Ferris. From Arvican-
this dorsalis (S. Africa).
Vou. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 155
1915. Hoplopleura enormis Kellogg & Ferris, Ann.
Durban. Mus., Vol. 1, pt. 2, pp. 155-157; pl. 16,
f. 4-4e.
5—Hoplopleura erratica (Osborn). Type from Larus bona-
parti (straggler). Also from Glaucomys volans, Micro-
tus pennsylvanicus and Tamuias striatus (North America).
1896. Hematopinus erraticus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s.,
Uris] DeperAcr, Div. Ent, p. 186:
1904. Polyplax ? erraticus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 143.
1908. Polyplax ? erratica Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
EXMO ple (en lia:
1915. Hoplopleura ? erratica Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 18-19.
Nore: One of the three species, Hoplopleura arbort-
cola Kellogg & Ferris, H. trispinosa Kellogg & Ferris.
or H. acanthopus var. americanus Kellogg & Ferris, is
probably a synonym of this species.
6—Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn). Type from Pero-
myscus leucopus (lowa, U. S. A.). Also from Peromys-
cus maniculatus rubidus, P. maniculatus gambeli, P. boylei
and Mus musculus (California, U. S. A.).
1891. Hematopinus hesperomydis Osborn, Bul. 7,
Ons wU4S, Depth Ace Diy: Ent. p26, 1. 14:
1896. Hematopinus hesperomydis Osborn, Bul. 5, n.
SU Dept: Aor Div; Ent, pps US4-teo.d
108.
1904. Polyplax ? hesperomydis Enderlein, Zool. Anz.,
Vol. 28, p. 143.
1908. Polyplax ? hesperomydis Dalla Torre, Gen.,
ANOpla pe Lo:
1915. Hoplopleura hesperomydis Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 17; t. f.
a-opl 4, £0; pk 5, £. 14,
7—Hoplopleura hirsuta Ferris. Type from Sigmodon hispi-
dus (North Carolina, U. S. A.). Also from Sigmodon
hispidus texianus (Texas, U.S. A.) and S. hispidus eremu-
cus (California, U.S. A.).
1916. Hoplopleura hirsuta Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in
press).
156 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
8—Hoplopleura hispida (Grube). From Lemmus obensis
(Siberia).
1851. Pediculus hispidus Grube, Midd. Reise, Zool.,
p. 497; pl. 32, f. 2 (figure labeled P. gracilis).
1874. Hematopinus hispidus Giebel, Ins. Ep., p. 38.
1880. Hemaiopinus hispidus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 640.
1904. Polyplax hispida Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, »
p. 142.
1908. Polyplax hispida Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl.,
Pe pls
Note: This is probably a synonym of H. acanthopus
(Burm. ).
9—Hoplopleura intermedia Kellogg & Ferris. Type from
Mus coucha (Zululand, South Africa).
1915. Hoplopleura intermedia (Kellogg & Ferris,
Ann. Durban Mus., Vol. 1, pt. 2, pp. 153-154;
pide, t. )5-5d-
1916. Hoplopleura intermedia Ferris, ibid., Vol. 23
(in press).
10—Hoplopleura longula (Neumann). From Micromys mu-
nutus (Europe).
1909. Hematopinus (Polyplax) longulus Neumann,
Arca. desbar., Vol 13. pp sold-ol oe loa7,
1910. Hoplopleura lineata Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz.,
Voliysoppe /Lo. his:
1915. Hoplopleura ? longula Kellogg & Ferris, Ann.
Durban Wiss Vol. 1, pt. 2, p. l55.
11—Hoplopleura maniculata (Neumann). From Sciurus pal-
marum (Asia).
1909. Hematopinus (Polyplax) maniculatus Neu-
mann, “Anch ade. Par, Vol. 13, pp. 521-523) T.
21-22.
1915. Hoplopleura ? maniculata Kellogg & Ferris,
Anne Durban Maus; Vol. 1 pt. 25 p: 155.
12—Hoplopleura quadridentata (Neumann). Type from Holo-
chilus squamipes (probably Nectomys squamipes or Necto-
mys apicalis) (Peru, South America). Also from Nesory-
zomys indefessus and N. narboroughi (Galapagos Islands,
South America).
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 157
1909. Hematopinus (Polyplax) quadridentalus Neu-
mann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 13, pp. 513-515.
1915. Hoplopleura ? quadridentata Kellogg & Fer-
ris, Ann. Durban Mus., Vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 155.
1916. Hoplopleura Pidgridentars ae Psyche, Niele
23 (in press).
13—Hoplopleura trispinosa Kellogg & Ferris. Type from
Glaucomys sabrinus ssp. ? (Oregon, U.S. A.). Also from
Glaucomys sabrinus lascivus (California, U. S. A.) and
G. volans (Maryland, U. S. A.).
1915. Hoplopleura trispinosa Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 22-23,
tei S pl 4a:
1916. Hoplopleura trispinosa Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23
(in press).
Genus Hybophthirus Enderlein
Enderlein, Denksch. d. Med.-Naturw. Gesell. zu Jena, Vol.
14, p. 79 (1909); Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., Vol. 4, p. 44
(1913).
Tarsus of anterior legs two- segmented, of the remainder
one-segmented. Anterior legs small and slender, middle and
posterior legs large and stout. Abdomen without strongly
chitinized tergites and sternites. Pleural plates present. Tho-
rax with a flattened triangular process on the dorsum near each
lateral margin.
Recorded only from Orycteropodide (Tubulidentata).
Type of the genus Hybophthirus notophallus (Neumann).
1—H ybophthirus notophallus (Neumann). From Orcytero-
pus afer (South Africa, German East Africa).
1909. Hematopinus notophallus Neumann, Jahrb. des
Nassausichen Ver. f. Naturkunde, in Wies-
baden, p. 2.
1909. Hybophthirus orycteropodi Enderlein, enkseh:
des Med.-Naturw. Gesell. zu Jena, Vol. 14, pp.
79-80; pl. 8, f. 1-3.
1913. Hybophthirus notophallus Cummings, Bul. Ent.
Res., Vol. 4, pp. 44-45.
1914. Hybophthirus notophallus Waterston, Ann. S.
Af. Mus., Vol. 10, pt. 9, p. 278.
158 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
Genus Linognathoides Cummings
Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., Vol. 5, pp. 159-160 (1914) ;
Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 23-
24 (1915).
In general similar to Polyplax. Abdomen without chitin-
ized tergal and sternal plates or with these very much reduced.
Pleural plates present. Spiracles small.
Recorded from Muridz and Sciuridz (Rodentia).
Type of the genus Linognathoides citelli Cummings.
1—Linognathoides citeli Cummings. From Citellus lepto-
dactylus and ? Cricetulus pheus (Transcaspia).
1914. Linognathoides spermophili Cummings, Bul.
Ent. Res, Vols, pp-60-163.t. 1:3:
1916. Linognathoides citelli Cummings, Ann. Mag.
INatiinist sero, Vol, 17.9) 107.
2—Linognathoides inornatus Kellogg & Ferris. Type from
Neotoma cinerea occidentalis (California, U. S. A.). Also
from N. cinerea cinerea and ? N. fuscipes streatori (Cali-
fornia).
1915. Linognathoides inornatus Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. & Mall. of Am. Mam., pp. 25-27, t. f.
LO phish tele, te 7 plod. Lo caplrOnuioe
1916. Linognathoides inornatus Ferris, Psyche, Vol.
235) (iti Less).
3—Linognathoides leviusculus (Grube). Type from Citel-
lus eversmanni (Jakutsk, Siberia).
1851. Pediculus leviusculus Grube, Middendorff’s
Reise, Vol. 2, p. 498; pl. 32, f. 5 (figure labeled
P. spermophili).
1874. Hematopinus leviusculus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
DS ats
1880. Hematopinus leviuscuius Piaget, Les Ped., p.
641.
1904. Polyplax leviusculus FEnderlein, Zool. Anz.,
Vol. 28; p. 142.
1908. Polyplax leviusculus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl pe l3:
1910. Polyplax leviuscula Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
Vol6: pt 130 p: 160:
Vout. VI]
FERRIS—ANOPLURA 159
4—Linognathoides montanus (Osborn). Type from “West-
ern Gray Squirrel” (probably Citellus sp.) (Ft. Collins,
Colorado, U. S. A.). Also from Citellus barrowensis ?
(Pt. Barrow, Alaska), Citellus beecheyi, C. douglasi (Cal-
ifornia, U.S. A., C. columbianus (Washington, U. S. A.),
C. grammurus (Arizona, U. S. A.), C. mexicanus ?
(Guanajuato, Mexico), Marmota flaviventris sierre (Cal-
ifornia, U. S. A.) and “Rock Squirrel’? (Boulder, Colo-
rado, Uy .S.cA2):
1896. Hematopinus montanus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s.,
We Ss Dept: Aor,’ Div. Ent.,. p. 184, £107.
1900. Hematopinus columbianus Osborn, Can. Ent.,
Vok, 32. pp. Z 15-216,
1904. Polyplax ? montana Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 143.
1904. Polyplax ? columbiana Enderlein, Ibid., p. 143.
1908. Polyplax ? columbiana Dalla Torre,
Genrsins: vanopl, plo:
1908. Polyplax ? montana Dalla Torre, Ibid., p. 13.
1914. Linognathoides ? columbianus Cummings, Bul.
Ent. Res Vol- 5, p. 1160;
1915. Linognathoides montanus Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 24-25; t.
fi Oispl. Sgt. l sple 6, f.14.
1916. Linognathoides montanus Ferris, Psyche, Vol.
23 (in press).
5—Linognathoides pectinifer (Neumann). From Xerus ge-
tulus (Northern Africa).
1885.
1908.
1909.
1914.
Hematopinus setosus (not of Burmeister) Pia-
get, es Ped., suppl: p. 143; pls 15, £56:
Hematopinus setosus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 11.
Hematopinus (Polyplax) pectinifer Neumann,
Arch. de Par., Vol. 13, pp. 528-529, £. 28-29.
Linognathoides setosus Cummings, Bul. Ent.
Res. Voli+5, p:, 160:
Genus Linognathus Enderlein
Trichaulus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 139, 141
(1904).
160 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 41H Ser.
Linognathus Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 29, p. 194 (1905) ;
Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 12 (1908) ; Mjoberg, Ark.
f, Zool, Vol. 6; pt. 13/'p. 156) C1910) Kellogs & Ferns,
Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 10 (1915).
Solenopotes Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 143 (1904) ;
Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 15 (1908).
Hematopinus (Linognathus) Neumann, Arch. de Par.,
Vol: 13, pp: 529-530 (1909).
Head usually rather slender and elongated. Temporal
angles not prominent. Middle and posterior legs nearly equal
in size, larger and stouter than the anterior. Abdomen en-
tirely without chitinized tergal, sternal and pleural plates.
Each abdominal segment with two or three transverse rows
of hairs. Spiracles large. Gonapods usually long.
From Perissodactyla, Artiodactyla, Hyracoidea, and from
the domestic dog.
Type of the genus Linognathus piliferus (Burm.).
1—Linognathus angulatus (Piaget). Type from Cephalo-
phus nigrifrons (Africa). Also from Cephalophus na-
talensis and Cephalophus sp. (Africa).
1885. Hematopinus ungulatus Piaget, Les Ped.,
Suppl.ip. 144s pl) 5, £072
Note: wungulatus is evidently a misprint for angulatus,
the latter appearing in the description of the plates.
1908. Hematopinus ungulatus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl spilt.
1910. Linognathus angulatus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
pil 97,
1916. Linognathus angulatus Ferris, Ann. Durban
Mus. VoloZ (impress):
2—Linognathus breviceps (Piaget). Type from Cephalo-
phus maxwelli (Africa). Also from ? “Cearrus-Hirsch”’
(Guatemala).
1885. Hematopinus breviceps Piaget, Les Ped.,
Suppl. ip. les ply oii 5:
1908. Hematopinus breviceps Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 11.
Note: This species is probably the young of Lino-
gnathus angulatus (Piaget).
Vou. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 161
3—Linognathus brevicornis (Giebel). From Guiraffa cam-
elopardalis (Africa).
1874. Hematopinus brevicornis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
pp. 43-44.
1880. Hematopinus brevicornis Piaget, Les Ped., pp.
644-646; pl. 52, f. 7.
1904. Trichaulus brevicornis Enderlein, Zool. Anz.,
Vol. 28, p. 142.
1905. Linognathus brevicornis Enderlein, Ibid., Vol.
295. 104:
1908. Linognathus brevicorms Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anople py) LZ:
4—Linognathus cavie-capensis (Pallas). From Procavia
capensis (South Africa).
767. Pediculus cavie-capensis Pallas, Spicilegia Zo-
olocica VolwiZnp. OZ: pl. Sh. 12-13,
1874. Hematopinus leptocephalus Giebel, Ins. Epi-
208, 47: |
1880. Hemaiopinus leptocephalus Piaget, Les Ped.,
p. 656.
1904. Hematopinus leptocephalus Enderlein, Zool.
ANZ VO Zon pe lA
1908. Hematopinus leptocephalus Dalla Torre, Gen.
[heist Weuatopoliey jay dss
1913. Linognathus cavie-capensis Cummings, Bul.
Ent. Res., Vol. 4, pp. 37-39, f. 2-3.
5—Linognathus fahrenholzi Paine. Type from Cervicapra
arundinum (Nyasaland, Africa). Also from Cervicapra
fulvorufula (Zululand, Africa).
1911. Linognathus forficulus (not of Rudow) Kel-
loge & Paine, Bul. Ent. Res., Vol. 2, p. 147;
pl. 4, f. 2-4.
1914. Linognathus fahvenholzi Paine, Psyche, Vol.
Ziel le
1916. Linognathus fahrenholzi Ferris, Ann. Durban
Mus., Vol. 2 (in press).
6—Linognathus forficulus (Rudow). From Capra ibex (Eu-
rope).
1869. Hematopinus forficulus Rudow, Zeit. f. ges.
Naturw., Vol. 34, p. 169.
162 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
1874. Hematopinus forficulus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
p. 47.
1908. Hematopinus ? forficulus Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins, Anopl. pt 1.
1914. Linognathus forficulus Paine, Psyche, Vol. 21,
pe l7,
7—Linognathus gazella Midberg. From “gazelle.” (Zool.
Mus. Hamburg).
1910. Linognathus gazella Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
Vol. 6. pt: 13,,pp: 197-159;.1. 75.
8—Linognathus leptocephalus (Ehrenberg). From Procavia
syriacus (Syria).
1829. Pediculus leptocephalus Ehrenberg, Symbols
Physice.
1874. Hematopinus leptocephalus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
p. 47.
1880. Hematopinus leptocephalus Piaget, Les Ped.,
p- 656.
1904. Hematopinus leptocephalus Enderlein, Zool.
Anz.) Vol. 28, p. 144,
1908. Hematopinus leptocephalus Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins., Anopl., p. 11.
1913. Linognathus leptocephalus Cummings, Bul. Ent.
Res., Vol. 4, p. 37.
9—Linognathus limnotragi Cummings. From Limnotragus
gratus (Congo, Africa).
1913. Linognathus linnotragi Cummings, Bul. Ent.
Res., Vol. 4, pp. 36-37, f. 1.
10—Linognathus ovillus (Neumann). From domestic sheep
(Scotland and New Zealand).
1907. Hematopinus ovillus Neumann, Revue veterin-
aire, pp. 520-524.
1913. Linegnathus ovillus Evans, Proc. Royal Phys.
Soc. Edinburgh, Vol. i9, p. 94.
11—Linognathus pedalis (Osborn). From domestic sheep
(Minnesota, Iowa and Nevada, U. S. A.).
1896. Hematopinus pedalis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U.
S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 170-172, f. 99.
Vor. VI]
1896.
1904.
1905.
1908.
LOLS:
FERRIS—ANOPLURA 163
Hematopinus ovis Lugger, Rept. Ent., State
Exper. Station, Minnesota, pp. 105-106, f.
75-76.
Trichaulus pedalis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 142.
Linegnathus pedalis Enderlein, Zool. Anz.,
Vol. 29, p. 194.
Linognathus pedalis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
AmOpls,, p12.
Linognathus pedalis Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl.
& Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 11.
12—Linognathus piliferus (Burmeister). From domestic dog
(Cosmopolitan). Also once recorded from a_ ferret
(England).
1776.
?Pediculus canis familiaris Miller, Prodr.
Faun Danie, p. 184.
?Pediculus canis familiaris Fabricius, Fauna
Groenland, p. 215.
Pediculus piliferus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., No.
13,
Hematopinus piliferus Denny, Mon. Anopl.,
pp. 28-29; pl. 25, f. 4.
Hematopinus bicolor Lucas, Ann. Soc. Ent. .
Prance, Vol. 5, ser. 2; pp, 538-539; pl. 8) £. 2a.
Pediculus isopus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw.,
Vols i8oipy 290:
Pediculus flavidus Nitzsch, Ibid., Vol. 23, p. 27.
Hematopinus piliferus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp.
40-41.
Hematopmus piliferus Piaget, Les Ped., pp.
643-644; pl. 52, f. 6.
Hematopinus piiiferus Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s.,
Use Dept: Act. Div, Ent) ppy edger 5:
Hematopinus piliferus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s.,
Uy Ss: Dept. Agr, Div, Ent. py loo noe:
Trichaulus piliferus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 142.
Linognathus piliferus Jenderlein, Ibid., Vol. 29,
p. 194.
164
1908.
PSG:
ens).
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
Linognathus piliferus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anoply p12.
Linognathus piliferus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
Viole Of pti) palo 776
Linognathus piliferus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl.
& Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 11.
13—Linognathus prelongiceps (Neumann). From Auchenia
huanaca (Bolivia, S. America).
1909.
Hematopinus (Linognathus) prelongiceps
Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 13, pp. 508-511,
£), 10-12:
14—Linognathus stenopsis: (Burmeister). Type from domes-
tic goat (Europe). Also from domestic goat (Califor-
nia, U. S. A.), sheep (Africa), Antilope rupicapra and
Capra egyptica.
1838.
1842.
1847.
1864.
1864.
Pediculus stenopsis Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn.,
No. 3.
Hematopinus stenopsis Denny, Mon. Anopl.,
p56:
Pediculus saccatus Gervais, Apteres, Vol. 3,
paowz:
Pediculus stenopsis Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na-
turw., Vols 23, ap.,30:
Pediculus schistopygus Nitzsch, Ibid., Vol. 23,
Pe ome
Hematopinus saccatus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
p. 47.
Hematopinus stenopsis Giebel, Ibid., p. 44; pl.
Zi hae
Hematopinus saccatus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 648.
Hematopinus stenopsis Piaget, Ibid., p. 648.
Hematopinus stenopsis Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s:,
UNS) Depry Aer Dive Eat op i.
Hematopinus stenopsis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s.,
We SuWept iets (ives nabs. el 70)
Trichaulus saccatius Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 142.
Trichaulus stenopsis Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 28,
p. 142.
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 165
1905. Linognathus saccatus Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 29,
p. 194.
1905. Linognathus stenopsis Ibid., Vol. 29, p. 194.
1908. Linognathus saccatus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 12.
1908. Linognathus stenopsis Dalla Torre, Ibid., p. 12.
1910. Linognathus stenopsis Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
Vols:Gnpts Uy pe (159;
1911. Linognathus africanus Keliogg & Paine, Bul.
Pot Res. iVoli2, py 146; pl. 4) £,. 1,5,
1915. Linegnathus stenopsis Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl.
& Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 11.
Note: Linognathus saccatus is an unrecognizable spe-
cies, recorded from Capra egyptica (equals Capra @ga-
grus ?), but it is very probably the same as Linognathus
steno psis.
15—Linognathus rupicapre (Rudow). From Rupicapra ru-
picapra (Europe).
1869. Hematopinus rupicapre Rudow, Zeit. f. ges.
Naturw., Vol. 34, p. 170.
1874.. Hematopinus rupicapre Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
p. 47.
1880. Hematopinus rupicapre Piaget, Les Ped., p.
648.
1908. Hematopinus rupicapre Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 11.
16—Linognathus tibialis (Piaget). From Antilope maori
(Zool. Garden, Rotterdam).
1880. Hematopinus tibialis Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 646-
647; pl. 52, f. 8.
1904. Trichaulus tibialis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 142.
1905. Linognathus tibialis Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 29,
p. 194.
1908. Linognathus tibialis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 12.
16a—Linognathus tibialis var. antennatus (Piaget). From
Antilope sp. (Zool. Garden, Rotterdam).
1880. Hematopinus tibialis var. antennatus Piaget,
Les Ped., p. 647; pl. 52; £ Se.
166 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
1908. Linognathus tibialis var. antennatus Dalla Tor-
re, Gen. Ins.) Anopl.;; p./ 12.
16b—Linognathus tibialis var. appendiculatus (Piaget). eraen
Antilope subgutturosa (—=Gazella subgutturosa?) (Zool.
Garden, Rotterdam).
1880. Hematopinus tibialis var. appendiculatus Pia-
eet, WesuPeds ip.1047.:\"pl. OZ, i Oe:
1908. Linognathus tibialis var. appendiculatus Dalla
GorreGens Ins.) Anopls ps2)
16c—Linognathus tibialis var. cervicapre (Lucas). From An-
tilope cervicapra (India).
1847. Hematopinus cervicapre Lucas, Ann. Ent. Soe.
France), Vol: 5::ser,\2.\p..5345 pl. 7, £:01:
1880. Hematopinus tibialis var. cervicapre Piaget,
Les Ped., p. 647.
1908. Linognathus tibialis var. cervicapre Dalla Tor-
Te; ren sins. Anal an pauls:
16d—Linognathus tibialis var. euchore Waterston. From An-
tilope euchore (Africa).
1914. Linognathus tibialis var. euchore Waterston,
Ann. S. African Mus., Vol. 10, pt. 9, pp. 275-
27S idk
17—Linognathus vituli (Linneus). From domestic cattle.
(Cosmopolitan).
1758. Pediculus vituli Linneus, Systema Nature, ed.
LOL pero lel)
1766. Pediculus vituli Linneeus, Systema Nature, ed.
LZ ipa LOLS:
1829. Hematopinus vituli Stephens, Catalogue, Vol.
2. py a2:
1838. Pediculus tenuirostris Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn.,
No. 17.
1842. Hematopinus vituli Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp.
SLES Ze pl25s)t)'S!
1864. Pediculus oxyrrynchus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na-
tur iVolji235. puZl:
1874. Hematopinus tenuirostris Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
peas sil, Bak 9.
1880. Hematopinus tenuirostris Piaget, Les Ped., p.
650.
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 167
1883. Hematopinus tenuwirostris Stroebelt, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist, Vol. 11, ser. 5; pp. 73-108; pl. 3.
1885. Hematopinus tenuirostris Piaget, Les Ped.,
Suppl., pp. 145-146; pl. 15, f. 8.
1891. Hematopinus vituli Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., U. S.
Dept. Acr:, Div. Ent.; pp. 16-18; f. 7:
1896. Hematopinus vituli Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U.S.
Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 176-177, £. 101.
1904. Trichaulus vituli Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 142.
1904. Solenopotes capillatus Enderlein, Zool. Anz.,
Vol. 28, p. 144, f. 14,15.
1908. Linognathus vituli Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopliins. 12.
1908. Solenopotes capillatus Dalla Torre, Ibid., p. 15.
1915. Linognathus vituli Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. &
Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 10.
1916. Linognathus vituli Ferris, Ent. News, Vol. 27
(in press).
Genus Cervophthirius Mjoberg
Cervophthirius Mjoberg, Ent. Tidskrift, Vol. 36, p. 282
(1915) ; Ferris, Ent. News, Vol. 27 (in press), 1916.
Differing from Linognathus only in the sharp posterior
lateral angles of the head and the presence of but a single row
of hairs upon each abdominal segment.
Recorded only from Cervide (Artiodactyla).
Type of the genus Cervophthirius tarandi Mjoberg.
1—Cervophthirius crassicornis (Nitzsch). Type from Cer-
vus elaphus (Europe). Also from Odocoileus columbi-
anus (Galitornia, Us S:A.).
1818. Pediculus crassicornis Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag.,
Vols ps0,
1842. Hematopinus crassicornis Denny, Mon. Anopl.,
pio:
1864. Pediculus crassicornis Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na-
turw., Vol. 23, p. 26.
1874. Hematopinus crassicornis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
pals pled; tz.
168 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4rH Ser.
1880. Hematopinus crassicornis Piaget, Les Ped., p.
644.
1908. Hematopinus crassicornis Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins; nope po.
1916. Cervophthirius crassicornis Ferris, Ent. News,
Vol. 27 (in press).
2—Cervophthirius tarandi Mjoberg. From Rangifer taran-
dus (Karesuando, Sweden).
1915. Cervophthirius tarandi Mjoberg, Ent. Tidskrift,
Vol. 36, pp. 283-285, f. 1-4.
Note: It is extremely doubtful if this is at all dis-
tinct from Cervophthirius crassicornis (N.).
Genus Eulinognathus Cummings
Eulinognathus Cummings, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.; ser. 8,
Velik7, pe 9041916):
Head longer than broad, antennz arising just in front of
half way, broader behind the antennz than in front. Behind,
the head is sunk deep into the thorax. Around the mouth, in
front, a circlet of triangular denticles. Abdomen without ter-
gites or sternites. Five pairs of pleurites, the anterior pair well
developed. First pair of legs small, second and third larger,
sub-equal. Hairs on the abdomen modified, long, flattened,
parallel-sided, truncate at tip, one row on each segment.
Type of the genus Lulinognathus denticulatus Cummings.
Recorded from Pedetide and Dipodide (Rodentia).
1
Eulinognathus denticulatus Cummings. From Pedetes
calfer.
1916. Eulinognathus denticulatus Cummings, Ann.
Mae. Nat. Eist.,.ser. 8, Vol. 17, pp. 90-94, f. 1.
2—Eulinognathus aculeatus (Neumann). From Dipus sp.
(Djerba, Tunis).
1912. Hematopinus (Polyplax) aculeatus Neumann,
Bul. Soc. Zool., France, Vol. 37, pp. 143-145,
f. 5-6.
Genus Neohematopinus Mjoberg
Neohematopinus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, pt. 13,
p: 160 (1910); Cummings: Bal. Ent: Res. Vol: 3, p. 393
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 169
(1912) ; Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam.,
pp. 35-36.
Acanthopinus Mjéberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, Prep LS), ‘pp:
160-161 (1910).
Antenne dissimilar in the sexes, the male with a preaxial
process or a pair of spines at the apex of the third antennal
segment. First antennal segment in both sexes usually with
the distal post axial angle more or less produced and bearing
a stout spine or with a stout spine on the posterior margin.
Anterior legs small, with slender claw, middle and posterior
legs larger. Abdomen with or without chitinized tergal and
sternal plates. Abdominal tergites and sternites of the female.
for the most part, with two transverse rows of spines, male
with lesser number, bearing two rows of spines. Posterior
margin of second tergite of male always distinctly emarginate
with a closely set group of spines of various lengths at the
end of this emargination. Pleural plates present. Spiracles
small. Gonapods very short.
Recorded from Sciuride@ and Petauristide (Rodentia).
Type of the genus Neohematopinus sciuropteri (Osborn).
1—Neohematopinus antennatus (Osborn). Type from Sci-
urus cimereus var. ludovicianus (probably S. niger ruf-
venter), (Iowa, U. S. A.). Also from Sciurus griseus
griseus (California, U. S. A.).
1891. Hematopinus antennatus Osborn, Bul. 7, o. s.,
WS Depa Aer. Div, Ent), p25, £13.
1896. Hematopinus antennatus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s.,
WSs Dept Acc, Div. Ent., pp. 163le4 10a:
1904. Polyplax ? antennata Enderlein, Zool. Anz.,
Vol. 28, p. 143.
1908. Polyplax ? antennata Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
ANOpl., pris.
1910. -pl Loy aeo-oe.
1916. Polyplax jonesi Ferris, Ibid., Vol. 2 (in press).
7—Polyplax ? miacantha Speiser. From “einer kleinen Ratte
mit sehr dicken, stachelartigen Haaren.” (Salomona,
Abyssinia).
1905. Polyplax miacantha Speiser, Centralbl. f. Bak-
ster, Vol. 38,\ pt. 1 (Origimale), pp. ole-319:
(Figure does not belong to it.)
1908. Polyplax miacantha Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopls pits:
8—Polyplax otomydis Cummings. Type from Otomys irro-
ratus tropicalis (British East Africa). Also from Otomys
irroratus and O. brantsi luteolus (South Africa).
1912. Polyplax otomydis Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res.,
Vol..3, pp. 395-397; i 2:
174 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
1914. Polyplax otomydis Waterston, Ann. S. Af.
Miss., Volz 10,"p 275:
1915. Polyplax otomydis Kellogg & Ferris, Ann. Dur-
ban Mus.) Vol. dpi. 2, p) 150.
1916. Polyplax otomydis Ferris, Ibid., Vol. 2 (in
press).
9—Polyplax oxyrrhynchus Cummings. From Acomys ca-
harinus (Egypt).
1915. Polyplax oxyrrhynchus Cummings, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond., pp. 251-260, 262-265 ; t. f. 4-6, 8-9,
11-13.
10—Polyplax pectinata Cummings. From Epimys aurifer
(Malay Peninsula).
1913. Polyplax pectinata Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res.,
Vol. 4, pp. 35-36.
11—Polyplax ? pleurophea (Burmeister). From Dryomys ni-
tedula (Europe).
1839. Pediculus pleuropheus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn.,
No. 7.
1864. Pediculus pleuropheus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na-
tunwW.,) WOlo 23, pa.27-
1874. Hematopinus leucopheus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
Po7e
1880. Hematopinus leucopheus Piaget, Les Ped., p.
640.
1904. Polyplax pleurophea Enderlein, Zool. Anz.,
Vol. 28, p. 142.
1908. Polyplax pleurophea Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 13.
12—Polyplax reclinata (Nitzsch). From Sorex araneus (Eu-
rope).
1864. Pediculus reclinatus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na-
tUEW.,) VOleZo; p. 2o-
1874. Hematopinus reclinatus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p.
OF:
1880. Hematopinus reclinatus Piaget, Les Ped., p.
639.
1904. Polyplax reclinata Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 142.
Voz. VI]
1904.
1908.
1910.
TON:
FERRIS—ANOPLURA 175
Hoplopleura reclinata Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 28,
p. 222.
Hoplopleura reclinata Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 14.
Hematopinus (Polyplax) spiniger reclinatus
Neumann,Arch. de Par., Vol. 13, pp. 524-525,
f. 24.
Polyplax reclinata Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb.
d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 37-39, f. 11-12;
pleat. f2-03) pl 2. £) 2-45 pl. 3,\f. 7.
13—Polyplax serrata (Burmeister). From Mus musculus
(Europe).
1839.
1842.
1864.
1874.
1880.
1904.
1908.
1913:
Pediculus serratus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn.,
No. 6.
Hematopinus serratus Denny, Mon. Anopl.,
p. 36.
Pediculus serratus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw.,
Volh23:-p. 27.
Hematopinus serratus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p.
SOs (pli ish by: 6:
Hematopinus serratus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 639.
Polyplax serrata Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28,
p. 142.
Polyplax serrata Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl.,
p. 14.
Polyplax serrata Evans, Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc.
Edinburgh, Vol. 19, p. 94.
14—Polyplax ? spiculifera (Gervais). From Mus barbarus
(Algiers).
1844.
1874.
1880.
1904.
1908.
Pediculus spiculifer Gervais, Aptéres, Vol. 3, p.
302.
Hematopinus spiculifer Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
ps Ove
Hematopinus spiculifer Piaget, Les Ped., p.
639.
Polyplax spiculifera Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 142.
Polyplax spiculifera Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 14.
176
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
15—Polyplax spiniger (Burmeister). From Arvicola amphib-
ius (Europe).
1839.
1842.
1864.
1874.
1880.
1904.
1908.
1909.
Pediculus spiniger Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., No.
Osis.
Hematopinus spiniger Denny, Mon. Anopl., p.
27 ple 24 tO:
Pediculus spiniger Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw.,
Vol23;.p.'23:
Hematopinus spimiger Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p.
OF pli?
Hematopimus spiniger Piaget, Les Ped., pp.
63720905 Ol 92, 1.5:
Polyplax spingera Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 142.
Polyplax spimigera Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 14.
Hematopinus (Polyplax) spiniger Neumann,
Arche de Par, Volvh3s, pas24 i. 24:
16—Polyplax spinulosa (Burmeister). Type from Epimys
norvegicus (Europe). Also from Epimys rattus and EL.
rattus alexandrinus (Cosmopolitan) and Microtus califor-
nicus and Phenacomys longicaudus (California, U. S. A.).
Sy
1842.
1864.
1874.
1880.
1891.
1896.
1904.
1905.
Pediculus spinulosus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn.,
No. 8.
Hematopinus spinulosus Denny, Mon. Anopl.,
p26; pl 24 et 5.
Pediculus denticulatus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges.
Naturw., Vol. 23, p. 24.
Hematopinus spinulosus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa,
Pps GS-09 spl di 7:
Hematopinus spinulosus Piaget, Les Ped.,
PD. (030-057 7 pl. 92.10.12.
Hematopinus. spinilosus Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s.,
US Dept ver. Divente p22:
Hematopinus spinulosus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s.,
US. Dept Acr= Divs Ents pis:
Polyplax spiniulosa Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, p. 142.
Polyplax spinulosa Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 29,
pp. 192-194.
Vor. VI]
1908.
1908:
1910.
1912:
1915.
17—Polyplax
FERRIS—ANOPLURA RAT
Polyplax spinulosa Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 14.
Hematopinus (Polyplax) spinulosus Neumann,
Arc de Par., Vol, 13,'p. 526; £20:
Polyplax spinulosa Mjéberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol.
6, No. 13, p.-160.
Polyplax spinulosa Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb.
de Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 30-37, f. 8-10;
pli 2, 4. 8-13.
Polyplax spinulosa Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and
Mall vot Ns Ams Main., pp. 12-13.3)t. 1) ieipe
oy Ee laenlib spl, t. 7.
stephensi (Christophers & Newstead). From
Gerbillus indicus (India).
1906.
1909.
LOTS:
Hematopinus stephensi Christophers & New-
stead, Rept. Thompson Yates Lab., Liverpool,
Vobiig ps 36 plit:
Hematopinus (Polyplax) stephensi Neumann,
mien de Par, Vols 13. pp.9525-526, f. 25.
Hematopinus (Polyplax) stephensi Patton &
Cragg, Med. Ent., pp. 550-551; pl. 68, £. 4-6.
18—Polyplax villosa Galli-Valerio. From Microtus nivalis
(Europe).
1905;
1908.
Note:
19—Polyplax
1907.
1910.
Polyplax villosa Galli-Valerio, Zool. Anz., Vol.
28, pp. 521-522.
Polyplax villosa Dalla Torre, Gen Ins., Anopl.,
p. 14.
Probably not a valid species.
wernert (Glinkiewicz). From Pachyuromys
duprasi (Egypt).
Eremophthirius werneri Glinkiewicz, Sitzb. d.
Kaiserl. Ak. d. Wissen. Wien. Math. Natur.
Klasse, Vol. 116, pp. 381-383.
Hoplopleura ? werneri Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
Vol. 6, pt. 13, p. 164.
Genus Scipio Cummings
Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., Vol. 3, p. 393 (1913) ; Ferris
Ann. Durban Mus., Vol. 2 (in press).
178 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
Antenne not differing in the sexes. Middle and posterior
legs subequal in size, large and with pointed claws. Anterior
legs small and slender with slender claw and, arising close be-
side it, a curved, claw-like process. Abdomen large and soft,
entirely without chitinized tergal and sternal plates except in
the male, where these plates may be present as very narrow,
transverse areas. Each segment witha single transverse row of
spines. Pleurites present. Gonapods very short. Spiracles
small. Male resembling female except for smaller size.
Recorded only from Octodontidz (Rodentia).
Type of the genus, Scipio aulacodi (Neumann).
1—Scipio aulacodi (Neumann). Type from Thryonomys
swinderianus (Africa). Also from Thryonomys sp. (Zulu-
land, South Africa).
1911. Hematopinus aulacodi Neumann, Arch. de
Par., Vol. 14, pp. 403-406, f. 5-7.
1913. Scipio aulacodi Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., Vol.
Spo7o.
1916. Scipio aulacodi Ferris, Ann. Durban Mus., Vol.
2 (in press).
2—Scipio breviceps Ferris. From Thryonomys sp. (Zulu-
land, South Africa).
1916. Scipio breviceps Ferris, Ann. Durban Mus.,
Vol. 2\(in press).
Linognathine of Uncertain Position
1—Hematopinus (Polyplax) precisus Neumann. From
“eros Rats” (Abyssinia).
1901. Hematopinus precitus (typographical error for
preecisus) Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 5, pp.
600-601.
1902. Hematopinus precisus Neumann, Ibid., Vol. 6,
p. 144, fig.
1908. Polyplax ? precisus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anoply pel.
1909. Hematopinus (Polyplax) precisus Neumann,
Arch, de’ Par: Voli 13; pp. 923-524) £.-23.
Note: This seems to include the male of one species and
the female of another; it is probable that they belong to differ-
ent genera.
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 179
2—Hematopinus (Linognathus) squamulatus Neumann.
From unknown host (Dire-Daoua, Abyssinia).
1911. Hematopinus (Linognathus) squamulatus Neu-
mann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 14, pp. 401-403; f.
1-4.
Note: This is neither Hematopinus nor Linognathus; it
approaches Scipio in certain respects, but possibly represents an
undescribed genus.
3—Hemodipsus parvus Kellogg & Ferris. From Lagidinm
peruanum (Peru, South America).
1915. Hemodipsus parvus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl.
and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 30-32, t. f. 12;
pe 2 ie 4 ola t6.
Note: This may possibly belong to Eulinognathus. The
species was described from immature specimens.
Subfamily Euhematopinine.
Fnderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 138 (1904) ; Dalla
Worre, Gen. Ins:Anopl: p. 1'5' (1908),
Separated from the other subfamilies of the Hzematopin-
idz only because of the three-segmented antennz.
Genus Euhematopinus Osborn
Osborn) Bul. 5; 1. s.. U. S.: Dept: Agr., Div. Ent, 'p, 186
(1896) ; Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 140 (1904) ;
Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 16 (1908) ; Kellogg & Fer-
ris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 46-47 (1915).
Anterior and middle legs of nearly same size ; posterior legs
much larger and heavier, with broad, heavy claw, and with a
stalked, disk-shaped appendage on femur and tibia. No tergal
and sternal plates. Pleural plates present.
Type of the genus, Euhematopinus abnormis Osborn.
1—Euhematopinus abnormis Osborn. From Scalopus
aquaticus (Iowa, U. S. A.).
1896. Euhematopinus abnormis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s.,
Uns. Dept, Agr, Div Ear op) Tez.
1908. Euhematopinus abnormis Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins., Anopl., p. 16.
180 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
1915. Euhematopinus abnormis Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 47-48;
tik LO ji ple d,s Ph oek. ary o:
Genus Hematopinoides Osborn.
Osborn Bale, vous Us. Wept wor, Dive: nit.) pace
(1891)\=Bull5,)n.,s:, p: 187) (1896); Enderlem, Zool: Anz,
Vol. 28, pp. 136, 140 (1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p.
15 (1908); Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am.
Mam., p. 46 (1915).
Anterior and middle legs small, posterior legs much larger,
without stalked, disk-shaped appendages on femur and tibia.
Abdomen without chitinized tergal and sternal plates. Pleural
plates present.
Type of the genus, Hematopinoides squamosus Osborn.
1—Hematopinoides squamosus Osborn. From Geomys bur-
sarius. (Iowa, U.S. A.).
1891. Hematopinoides squamosus Osborn, Bul. 7,
Os) U2 5) DepeyAcr Dive Ent. 7.25, £16:
1896. Hematopinoides squamosus Osborn, Bul. 5,
n. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 187-188,
£110:
1908. Hematopinoides squamosus Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins., Anopl., p. 15.
1915. Hematopinoides squamosus Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 46-47.
Family Echinophthirude
Echinophthirude Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136,
137 (1904) ; Ibid:,, Vol, 29) 661 (1906) 5 Deut. Sudpolar,
Exp, Vol. 10) pp. 505-206 (1909); Walla Torre, ‘Gen Inss
Anopl., p. 17 (1908).
Lepidophthiriide (in part) Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6,
pe tS pl77 (4910):
Antennz four- or five-segmented. Legs with a thumb-like
process opposing the claw, the anterior pair small with slen-
der claw, the other pairs extremely large with blunt, heavy
claws. Abdomen without pleural, tergal or sternal plates.
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 181
Thorax and abdomen thickly beset with spines or with spines
and delicate scales. Occurring only on marine mammals.
Subfamily Echinophthiriine
Enderlein, Deut. Stdpolar Exp., Vol. 10, p. 506 (1909).
Antennz four-segmented. Abdomen thickly beset with
spines but without scales.
Genus Echinophthirius Giebel
Giebel, Zeitschrift f. ges. Naturw., Vol. 37, p. 177 (1871) ;
Piaget, Les» Ped.) p:/656 (1880); Dalla Torre, Gen. \Ins.,
Anopl., p. 17 (1908); Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 137
(19041); Ibid: Voli:29, p. Gol (1906) ; Deut. nanos Exp.,
Viola 4 Oy (1909).
ee four-seginented. Body without scales but thickly
beset with stout spines.
From Pimnipedia. Type of’ the genus Echinophthirius
phoce (Lucas).
1—Echinophthirius groenlandicus (Becker). From Phoca
groenlandica (Jan Mayen Island).
1886. Echinophthirius groenlandicus Becker, Oster-
reichische Polarforschung, Vol. 3, Ins. von Jan
Mayen, p. 60; pl. 5, f. 1-la.
1908. Echinophthirius groenlandicus Dalla Torre,
Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 17.
1909. Echinophthirius groenlandicus Enderlein, Deut.
Siidpolar Exp., Vol. 10, p. 507.
2—Echinophthirius phoce (Lucas). Type from (?) Phoca
vitulina (Europe). Also from P. groenlandica, P. varie-
gata (Atlantic Ocean), “harbor seals’ (Aquarium, New
York City), and “see hunde” (Helgoland).
1834. Pediculus phoce Lucas, Mag. Zool. Ins., p. 121;
(0) be BIZANG a
1842. Hematopinus setosus Denny, Mon. Anopl., p.
36.
1857. Hematopinus annulatus Schilling, Arch. f.
Naturgesc., Vol. 23, p. 281.
182 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES {[Proc. 4TH SER.
1874. Hematopinus setosus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp.
42-43.
1880. Echinophthirius setosus Piaget, Les Ped., pp.
656-658; pl. 54—, f. 1.
1896. Echinophthirius setosus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s.,
U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 188.
1904. Echinophthirius phoce Enderlein, Zool. Anz.,
Vol. 28):p, 136.
1908. Echinophthirius phoce Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 17.
1909. Echinophthirius phoce Enderlein, Deut. Sud-
polar Exp., Vol. 10, p. 507.
1910. Echinophthirius phoce Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
Molin pt ws, paliZ6:
1913. Echinophthirius phoce Evans, Proc. Roy. Phys.
Soc., Edinburgh, Vol. 19, p. 95, fig.
3—Echinophthirius sericeus Meinert. From Phoca sp.
(Greenland).
1896. Echinophthirius sericeus Meinert, Vedenska-
belige Meddelelser, p. 177.
1908. Echinophthirius sericeus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl., p. 18.
Subfamily Antarctophthirine
Enderlein, Deut. Siidpolar Exp., Vol. 10, p. 506 (1909).
Antennz four- or five-segmented. Thorax and abdomen
beset with many stout spines and with delicate scales.
Genus Antarctophthirus Enderlein
Antarctophthirus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 29, p. 661
(1906) ; Deut. Siidpolar Exp., Vol. 10, p. 506 (1909) ; Dalla
Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 17 (1908); Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 48 (1915).
Arctophthirus (in part) Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, pt.
13; p: 178-179) (1910).
Antenne five-segmented. Anterior legs and claws much
smaller than the others, which are extraordinarily large and
stout. No sternal plate. No pleural plates. Abdomen and
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 183
thorax beset with a great number of short stout spines and with
extremely delicate scales. Spiracles small.
From various marine Mammals.
Type of the genus, Antarctophthirus ogmorhini Enderlein.
1—Antarctophthirus lobodontis Enderlein. From Lobodon
carcinophagus. (Booth Wandel Is).
1909. Antarctophthirus lobodontis Enderlein, Deut.
Sudpolar Exp., Vol. 10, pt. 4, p. 476.
2—Antarctophthirus michrochir (Trouessart & Neumann).
From Phocarctos hookeri (Auckland Island). Also from
Zalophus californianus (California), (unpublished rec-
ord).
1888. LEchinophthirius michrochir Trouessart & Neu-
mann, Le Naturaliste, Vol. 10, p. 80.
1908. Echinophthirius michrochir Dalla Torre, Gen.
ins Anopl. ps 17.
1909. Antarctophthirus michrochir Enderlein, Deut.
sudpolar Exp: Vol. 10; pp. 501-512- £. 176,
177, 183, 184.
3—Antarctophthirus monachus Kellogg & Ferris. From
“seal.” Locality unknown.
1915. Antarctophthirus monachus Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 49-51;
tri ifan CO plad,t: 4
4—Antarctophthirus ogmorhini Enderlein. From Ogmo-
rhinus leptonyx. (Victoria Land).
1902. Echinopththirius setosus Rothschild, Rept. Sou.
Cross Exp., p. 224.
1906. Antarctophthirus ogmorhini Enderlein, Zool.
IZ V Ole Zo. MGO2, f, ile2:
1907. Antarctophthirus ogmorhini (in part) Neu-
mann, Exp. Antarc. Franc. Arth., p. 13.
1908. Antarctophthirus ogmorhini Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins., Anopl., p. 17.
1909. Antarctophthirus ogmorhini Enderlein, Deut.
Sudpolar Exp., Vol. 10, pp. 509-510, f. 174,
L75, 1St,, 182:
S—Antarctophthirus trichechi (Boheman). Type from Odo-
benus rosmarus (Europe). Also from Odobenus obesus
(Pacific Ocean).
184
1866.
1880.
1908.
1909.
1909.
IGE):
Sy
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER,
Hematopinus trichechi Boheman, Oefversigt af
Kk. Vetenskaps-Akad. Férhandlingar, Vol. 22, p.
577) plan ae 2:
Hematopinus trichechi Piaget, Les Ped., p. 656.
Hematopinus trichechi Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins.,
Anopl:, p.1L
Antarctophthirus trichecht Neumann, Arch. de
Pag.) Voli13, ppaao2-547,.6 30-31,
Antarctophthirus trichechi Enderlein, Deut.
Siidpolar Exp., Vol. 10, pp. 502, 512-513; pl.
55-56.
Arctophthirus trichechi Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool.,
Vol. 6, pt. 13, pp. 178-180, f. 89-92.
Antarctophthirus trichechi Kellogg & Ferris,
Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 49, t. f.
NA oye 0 AS iG ian
Genus Lepidophtiurus Enderlein
Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 43, 137 (1904) ; Ibid.,
Vol. 29, p. 661 (1905) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 18
(1908) ; Enderlein, Deut. Stidpolar Exp., Vol. 10, pp. 513-
514 (1909).
Antenne four-segmented. Spiracles present on both meso-
and metathorax and on second to eighth abdominal segments.
Anterior legs small, others very large. Thorax and abdomen
beset. with delicate scales and with many spines.
Type of the genus Lepidophthirus macrorhini Enderlein.
1—Lepidophthirus macrorhim Enderlein. From Macrorhin-
us leoninus (Kerguelen Island).
1904.
1908.
1909.
Lepidophthirus macrorhini Enderlein, Zool.
Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 46-47, f. 1-5.
Lepidophthirus macrorhint Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins., Anopl., p. 18.
Lepidophthirus macrorhint Enderlein, Deut.
Sudpolaci Exp Vol. 10)\pp.. 515-516), £178-
LSOnt Ht OOnO@:
Family Hematomyzide
Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 137 (1904) ; Dalla
Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 19 (1908).
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 185
Head much produced anteriorly with the mouth opening
at the apex. Antenne five-segmented. Legs long and slen-
der, of nearly equal size, without a thumb-like process opposing
the claw.
Genus Hematomyzus Piaget
Hematomyzus Piaget, Tijds. v. Ent., Vol. 12, p. 254
(1869) ; Gtinther, Science Gossip, p. 278 (1871) ; Piaget, Les
Ped., p. 658 (1830); Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 137
(1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 19 (1908).
Idolocoris Walker & Richter, Science Gossip, pp. 131
211 (1871):
Phantasmocoris White, Science Gossip, pp. 234, 278
(1871).
Head tubularly produced anteriorly, with the mouth open-
ing at the apex. Antennz five-segmented. Legs long and
slender, without a thumb-like process opposing the claw.
,
Type of the genus, Hematomyzus elephantis Piaget.
1—Hematomyzus elephantis Piaget. From African elephant.
1869. Hematomyzus elephantis Piaget, Tijds. v. Ent.,
Voli set. 2p, 204 pl. 2. tela
1871. Idolocoris elephantis Richter, Science Gossip,
pelsZt G7.
1871. Hematomyzus elephantis Newman, The Ento-
mologist, Vol. 6, pp. 465-470, fig.
1880. Hematomyzus proboscideus Piaget, Les Ped.,
pp. 658-660; pl. 54, f. 2.
1908. Hematomyzus elephantis Dalla Torre, Gen.
Ins., Anopl.,; p. 19.
1910. Hematomyzus proboscideus Mjoberg, Ark. f.
Zool., Vol. 6, pt. 13, pp. 181-183, f. 93.
la—Hematomyzus elephantis var. sumairanus Fahrenholz.
From Elephas indicus (Sumatra).
1910. Hematomyzus elephantis var. sumatranus Fah-
renholz, Zool. Anz., Vol. 35, p. 714.
1910. Hematomyzus clephantis var. sumatranus Fah-
renholz, Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., Vol.
38-09, Abe DP p67.
186 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H SER
HOST LIST OF THE ANOPLURA
The arrangement of the orders is that adopted by Osborn
in “The Age of Mammals’ (1914). In each case the first
name given is the correct name, as nearly as it has been pos-
sible to establish it. The names in parentheses are synonyms
that have been used in connection with discussions of the Ano-
plura.
Order INSECTIVORA
Family TALPID&
Scalopus aquaticus machrinus? (Scalops argentatus).
Euhzmatopinus abnormis Osborn (Ames, Iowa, U.S. A.).
Family Soricip#
Sorex araneus (Sorex vulgaris).
Polyplax reclinatus (Burm.) (Europe).
?Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.) (Europe).
Order CARNIVORA
Suborder FISSIPEDIA
Family CANIDA
Canis familiaris (Domestic dog).
Linognathus piliferus (Burm.) (Cosmopolitan).
Family MusTELIDz
UPerret:
Linognathus piliferus (Burm.) (England).
Suborder PINNIPEDIA
Family ODOBANIDA
Odobzenus rosmarus (Trichechus rosmarus, Walrus).
Antarctophthirus trichechi (Boh.) (North Atlantic).
Odobzenus obesus (Pacific Walrus).
Antarctophthirus trichechi (Boh.) (North Pacific).
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 187
Family PHocipa&
Phoca groenlandica.
Echinophthirius groenlandica (Becker) (Jan Mayen Isl-
and).
Phoca variegata.
Echinophthirius phocee (Lucas) (Europe).
Phoca vitulina.
Echinophthirius phocze (Lucas) (Europe).
Phoca sp.
Kchinophthirius sericeus Meinert (Greenland).
Macrorhinus leoninus.
Lepidophthirus macrorhini End. (Victorialand).
Lobodon carcinophaga.
Antarctophthirus lobodontis End. (Booth Wandel Is.).
Ogmorhinus leptonyx.
Antarctophthirus ogmorhini End. (Kerguelen Is.).
Family OTARIIDA
Phocarctos hookeri.
Antarctophthirus microchir (Troues. & Neum.) (Auckland
fs?)
Zalophus californianus.
Antarctophthirus microchir (Troues. & Neum.) (Califor-
nia).
Of Uncertain Position
“Harbor Seal.’
Echinophthirius phoce (Lucas) (Aquarium, New York
City).
TSeal
Antarctophthirus monachus Kellogg & Ferris (Locality
unknown).
“Seehunde.”’
Echinophthirius phoce (Lucas) (Helgoland).
Order RODENTIA
Suborder DUPLICIDENTATA
Family Leprorip®
Lepus californicus.
Heemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (California, U. S. A.).
188 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47TH Ser.
Lepus californicus deserticola.
Hemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (Ehrenberg, Arizona,
US cee
Lepus campestris (Prairie Hare).
Hzemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (Ames, Iowa, U. S.
AY),
Lepus europaeus occidentalis (Lepus europaeus).
Hemodipsus lyriocephalus (Burm.) (Tyninghame, Scot-
land).
Lepus timidus.
Hzemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (Europe).
Hemodipsus lyriocephalus (Burm.) (Europe).
Oryctolagus cuniculus (IXaninchen, Lepus cuniculus).
Hzmodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (Europe).
“Domestic rabbit.”
Hemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (Europe, North Amer-
ica).
Suborder SIMPLICIDENTATA
Family ScIuRIDA:
Subfamily ARCTOMYINZ
Ammospermophilus nelsoni.
Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Bakersfield, Califor-
iia, nC Sa wee)
Callospermophilus chrysodeirus.
Enderleinellus suturalis var. occidentalis K. & F. (South
Yolla Bolly Mt. and Yosemite Valley, California,
LUSH ra ye
Citellus barrowensis ? (Spermophilus sp.).
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Pt. Barrow, Alas-
kay).
Citellus beecheyi beecheyi (Citellus beecheyi douglasi).
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Palo Alto, Califor-
ma. S.0Aw)s
Enderleinellus osborni K. & F. (Palo Alto, Galea U.
Sueeia)e
Citellus beldingi.
Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Yosemite Nat. Park,
California, Was, Ag):
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (California, U.S. A.).
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 189
Citellus columbianus (Spermophilus columbianus ).
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Pullman, Washing-
LOM Se Ay )\s
Citellus douglasi (Citellus beecheyi douglasi).
Enderleinellus osborni K. & F. (Cazadero, California, U.
Sie
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Cazadero, California,
LURES yay a
Citellus eversmanni (Spermophilus eversmanni).
Linognathoides leviusculus (Grube) (Jakutsk, Siberia;
Pitlekaj ).
Citellus franklini (Spermophilus franklin1).
Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Ames, Iowa, U.S. A.).
Citellus grammurus.
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Santa Catalina Mts.,
Arizona, U.S. A. ).
Citellus leptodactylus.
Linognathoides citelli Cum. (Transcaspia).
Citellus mexicanus ?
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Guanajuato, Mex-
ico),
Citellus mollis.
Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Virginia Valley, Ne-
vada, 5. uN) ).
Citellus oregonus.
Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Pine Forest Mts., Ne-
vada, WS. Ay).
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn).
Citellus plesius ablusus.
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Prince William
Sound, Alaska).
Citellus townsendi.
Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Wallula,’ Washington,
Wh Seca).
Citellus tridecemlineatus (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus ).
Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Ames, Iowa, U.S. A.).
Citellus sp. ? (“Rock Squirrel’).
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Boulder, Colorado,
[Wier ey Ohe
190 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
Citellus sp. ? (“Western Gray Squirrel’).
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Ft. Collins, Colo-
Trado, Wemserie
Cynomys gunnisoni.
Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Florissant, Colorado,
LBS yews
Cynomys leucurus.
Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Routt County, Colora-
do; WES uae)
Marmota flaviventer sierre.
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (California, U. S.
leN)p
Marmota flaviventer ssp. ?
Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Burns, Oregon, U.
Sava e
Marmota pruinosa.
Linognathoides sp. (North America).
Xerospermophilus tereticaudus.
Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Imperial County, Cal-
ifornia, (U.S. 7A: ):
Subfamily ScrurInz
Sciurus arizonensis huachuca.
Enderleinellus longiceps K. & F. (Huachuca Mts., Ari-
Zonas i Os Au)
Sciurus douglasi albolimbatus.
Enderleinellus sphzrocephalus (Nitzsch) (Yosemite Nat.
Park, California, “W.iS..A.)):
Hoplopleura arboricoia K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, Cal-
inKong tbe by Wine sya AN)
Neohzmatopinus antennatus var. semifasciatus Ferris ( Yo-
semte Nat. Park, California, U. S. A.).
Sciurus douglasi mollipilosus.
Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Cazadero, California, U.
Seay:
Neohzmatopinus antennatus var. semifasciatus Ferris
(Cazadero, California, U. S. A.).
Vo. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 191
Sciurus griseus griseus.
Enderleinellus kelloggi Ferris (Mariposa County, Califor-
Midna Su tA):
Hoplopleura arboricola K. & I*. (Mariposa County, Cali-
fOniuias WS: Ae).
Neohzematopinus antennatus (Osborn) (Mariposa County,
Calitorsa,, Ul.’ S: A.)-
Sciurus griseus nigripes.
Enderleinellus kelloggi Ferris (Stanford University, Cali-
fOGiial Con Nee
Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Stanford University, Cal-
ifornia, WU. Sis).
Sciurus hudsonicus petulans.
Enderleinellus sphzrocephalus (Burm.) (Glacier Bay,
Alaska).
Sciurus hudsonicus vancouverensis.
Enderleinellus sphzerocephaius (Burm.) (Kuiu Island,
Alaska).
Sciurus niger rufiventer (Sciurus cinereus ludovicianus).
Enderleinellus longiceps K. & F. (De Kalb County, Indi-
ana, Wes An)
Neohematopinus antennatus (Osborn) (Ames, Iowa, U.
See )e
Sciurus palmarum.
Hoplopleura maniculata (Neum.) (Rajkote, India).
Neohzmatopinus echinatus (Neut.) (Rajkote, India).
Sciurus vulgaris.
Enderleinellus sphzerocephalus (Burm.) (Europe).
Sciurus niger ? (Sciurus vulpinus).
Neohzematopinus sciurinus (Mjoberg) (Zool. Mus. Ham-
burg).
Sciurus niger rufiventer or S. carolinensis carolinensis (‘‘West-
ern Gray Squirrel’).
Enderleinellus longiceps K. & F. (Lincoln, Nebraska, U.
Spee)
Tamias striatus.
Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Ames, Iowa, U. S. A.).
Hoplopleura erratica (Osborn) (==H. arboricola K. &
B.?). (lowa,.U. SAg)-
’
192 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Serr.
Eutamias alpinus.
Neohzematopinus pacificus K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park,
Califorma, USA):
Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, Cal-
Moria, We 5.7).
Eutamias hindsi.
Neohzmatopinus pacificus K. & F. (Marin County, Cali-
fornia, U2 SA.)
Eutamias merriami pricei
Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Stanford University, Cal-
ifomuia We S.A").
Eutamias speciosus frater.
Hoplopleura arboricola Kk. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, Cal-
Orman OLA. Ne
Neohzmatopinus pacificus kK. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park,
California, U7'S. A’).
Eutamias sonome.
Neohzematopinus pacificus K. & F. (Cazadero, Sonoma
County, and Sanhedrin Mt., Mendocino County, Cali-
roma, U.S. 2he)i
Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Cazadero, Sonoma Coun-
ty, and Sanhedrin Mt., Mendocino County, California,
Wie Sae).
Eutamias townsend ochrogenys.
Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Freestone and Cazadero,
Sonoma County, California, U. S. A.).
Neohzematopinus pacificus K. & F. (Freestone and Caza-
dero, Sonoma County, California, U. S. A.).
Heliosciurus palliatus.
Neohzmatopinus heliosciuri Cumm. (Uchweni Forest,
Witu, British East Africa).
Subfamily XERINZ
Xerus getulus.
Linognathoides pectinifer (Neum.) (Northern Africa).
Family PETAURISTIDA
Glaucomys sabrinus ssp. (Sciuropterus sp.)
Hoplopleura trispinosa K. & F. (Eureka, California, and
Brownsville, Oregon, U. S. A.).
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 193
Glaucomys sabrinus lascivus.
Enderleinellus uncinatus Ferris (Yosemite Nat. Park, Cal-
toma, Ws S.A).
Hoplopleura trispinosa Kk. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, Cal-
ifornia, U.S. A.).
Neohematopinus sciuropteri (Osborn) (Yosemite Nat.
Parle (Calttormia, Uo: Ae).
Glaucomys volans (Sciuropterus volucella, Pteromys volucella)
Hoplopleura trispinosa K. & F. (Kensington, Maryland,
WES 2A).
Hoplopleura erratica (Osborn) (= H. trispinosa K. & F.?)
@Gowa, US. A):
Neohematopinus sciuropteri (Osborn) (Iowa, U. S. A.).
Family HETEROMYIDE
Dipodomys deserti.
Fahrenholzia pinnata K. & F. (Mecca, Riverside County,
Califormia, U.S. A‘).
Dipodomys californicus.
Fahrenholzia pinnata K. & F. (Covelo, California, U. S.
Due
Dipodomys merriami.
Fahrenholzia pinnata K. & F. (Inyo County, California,
Up SseAg)t
Microdipodops polionotus.
Fahrenholzia pinnata Kk. & F. (Benton, Mono County, Cal-
fornia, U.S. Ay).
Perognathus californicus.
Fahrenholzia tribulosa Ferris (Mariposa County, Califor-
iasy Wis Say)
Perognathus formosus.
Fahrenholzia tribulosa Ferris (Victorville, California, U.
SOMES en
Perognathus parvus olivaceus.
Fahrenholzia pinnata K. & F. (Pine Forest Mts., Nevada,
oe ele
Perodipus sp.
Fahrenholzia pinnata K. & F. (Coulterville, Mariposa
County, California, U. S. A.)
194 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
Family GEOMYIDA
Geomys bursarius.
Hematopinoides squamosus Osborn (Ames, Iowa, U. S.
ur):
Family MuscARDINID
Dryomys nitedula (Myoxus nitella).
Polyplax pleurophza (Burm.) (Europe).
Family Muripa:
Subfamily Murinz
Cricetulus phzeus.
Linognathoides citelli Cumm. (Transcaspia).
Note: Cricetulus is probably not the normal host of
this species.
Mus musculus.
Polyplax serrata (Burm.) (Europe).
Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.) (Europe).
Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) (California, U. S.
Ne
Mus chrysophilus.
Polyplax gracilis Fahr. (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Af-
rica).
Mus coucha.
Hoplopleura intermedia K. & F. (Mfongosi, Zululand,
South Africa).
Mus barbarus.
Polyplax ? spiculifera (Gerv.) (Algiers).
Apodemus agrarius (Mus agrarius).
Polyplax affinis (Burm.) (Europe).
Apodemus sylvaticus (Mus sylvaticus).
Polyplax affinis (Burm.) (Iurope).
Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Europe).
Micromys minutus (Mus minutus).
Hoplopleura longula (Neum.).
Polyplax gracilis Fahr. (Europe).
Epimys norvegicus (Mus norvegicus, Mus decumanus, Wan-
derratte).
Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Cosmopolitan).
Vor. VI) FERRIS—ANOPLURA 195
' Epimys rattus (Mus rattus).
Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Cosmopolitan)..
Hoplopleura bidentata (Neum.) (Lake Torrens, Austra-
lia).
Epimys rattus alexandrinus (Mus alexandrinus).
Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.).
Epimys surifer.
Polyplax pectinata Cumm. (Biserat, Jalor, Malay Penin-
sula).
Acomys caharinus.
Polyplax brachyrrhynchus Cumm. (Assiut, Egypt).
Polyplax oxyrrhynchus Cumm. (Assiut, Egypt).
Arvicanthis dorsalis,
Hoplopleura enormis K. & F. (Mfongosi, Zululand, South
Alitica!))
Dasymys incomtus Ferris.
Polyplax cummingsi Ferris (Mfongosi, Zululand, South
Africa).
Saccostomus campestris.
Polyplax jonesi K. & F. (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Af-
rica).
Subfamily GERBILLIN &
Gerbillus indicus.
Polyplax stephensi (Christ. & News.) (India).
Meriones sp.
Polyplax ? clavicornis (Nitzsch) ee ae
Pachyuromys duprasi.
Polyplax werneri (Glink.) (Natrontal, Bayer
Subfamily OromMyIN«&
Otomys brantsi luteolus.
Polyplax otomydis Cumm. (South African Museum, Cape
Town).
Otomys irroratus.
Polyplax otomydis Cumm. ¢(Mfongosi, Zululand, South
Africa).
Otomys irroratus tropicalis.
Polyplax otomydis Cumm. (Mt. Kenya, British East Af-
rica).
196 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
Subfamily MicroTiIna
Arvicola amphibius (Paludicola amphibius).
Polyplax spiniger (Burm.) (Europe).
Dicrostonyx torquatus (Lemmus torquatus).
Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.) (Pitlekaj).
Lemmus obensis.
Hoplopleura hispida (Grube) (Jakutsk, Siberia).
Microtus agrestis.
Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burin.) (Europe).
Microtus arvalis.
Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.) (Europe).
Microtus californicus.
Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.).
Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus K. & F.
Microtus mordax.
Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Tuolumne Meadows, Cali-
focmia, WLS. A.)
Microtus nivalis.
Polyplax villosa Galli-Valerio (Switzerland).
Microtus (Lagurus) intermedius.
Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus K. & F.
Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Pine Forest Mts., Nevada,
SRuSyaee G0
Microtus pennsylvanicus (Arvicola pennsylvanica).
Hoplopleura erratica (Osborn).
Microtus sp. (Arvicola sp.).
Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus K. & F. (Ames,
Towa, U.'S. A).
Phenacomys longicaudus (Phenacomys sp. ).
Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Mendocino City, California,
Wis).
Subfaniily CRICETIN
Holochilus squamipes. (This is possibly Nectomys apicalis).
Hoplopleura quadridentata (Neum.) (Peru, South Amer-
ica).
Neotoma cinerea cinerea.
Linognathoides inornatus Kk. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park,
California, UW) S:0A0):
Vot. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 197
Neotoma cinerea occidentalis.
Linognathoides inornatus K. & F. (South Yolla Bolly Mt.,
Tehama County, California, U. S. A.).
Neotoma fuscipes streatori.
PLinognathoides inornatus K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park,
California, Ut S.A.)
Nesoryzomys indefessus.
Hoplopleura quadridentata (Neum.) (Galapagos Is.).
Nesoryzomys narboroughi.
Hoplopleura quadridentata (Neum.) (Galapagos Is.).
Peromyscus boylei.
Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) (Lakeport, Lake
County, California, U. S. A.).
Peromyscus maniculatus rubidus.
Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn).
Polyplax auricularis K. & F. (Marin County, California,
Mpa Ne)
Peromyscus maniculatus gambeli.
Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn).
Polyplax auricularis K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, Cali-
fornia, U2 S. An).
Peromyscus sitchensis prevostensis.
Polyplax auricularis K. & F. (Forrester Is., Alaska).
Onychomys leucogaster arcticeps.
Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) (Colorado Springs,
Colorado, Ur S. Az).
Polyplax auricularis K. & F. (Colorado Springs, Colorado,
US HAG):
Onychomys torridus pulcher.
Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) (Victorville, Califor-
Dias So AS)
Polyplax auricularis K. & F. (Victorville, California, U.
See
Sigmodon hispidus.
Hoplopleura hirsuta Ferris (Raleigh, North Carolina, U.
Shes)
Sigmodon hispidus texianus.
Hoplopleura hirsuta Ferris (Lakeport, Texas, U. S. A.).
Sigmodon hispidus eremicus.
Hoplopleura hispidus Ferris (Sacaton, Arizona, U.S. A.).
198 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
Muride of Uncertain Position
“Finer kleinen ratte mit sehr dicken, stachelartigen Haaren.”
Polyplax miacantha Speiser (Salomona, Abyssinia).
“Gros Rats.”
Polyplax ? preecisa Neumann (Abyssinia).
Family Dipopip
Dipus sp.
Eulinognathus aculeatus (Neum.) (Tunis).
Family PEDETID
Pedetes caffer.
Eulinognathus denticulatus Cumm. (South Africa).
Family OcTroDONTIDZ
Thryonomys swinderianus (Aulacodus swinderianus).
Scipio aulacodi (Neum.) (Dahomey; Luangwa Valley,
Northeastern Rhodesia, Africa).
Thryonomys sp.
Scipio aulacodi (Neum.) (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Af-
rica).
Scipio breviceps Ferris (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Af-
rica).
Family CHINCHILLIDE
Lagidium peruanum.
Hzemodipsus ? parvus Kellogg & Ferris (Peru, South
America).
Order TUBULIDENTATA
Family ORYCTEROPODIDZE
Orycteropus afer.
Hobophthirus notophallus (Neum.) (South Africa).
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 199
Order PRIMATES
Family LAsiopyGIp#
Lasiopyga mona (Cercopithecus mona).
Pedicinus breviceps Piaget.
Pithecus albibarbatus (Macacus silenus).
Pedicinus breviceps Piaget (Zool. Mus. Hamburg).
Pedicinus paralleliceps Mjoberg (Zool. Mus. Hamburg).
Pithecus brevicaudus or P. rhesus (Macacus erythrzeus).
Phthirpedicinus piageti (Stroebelt).
Pithecus nemestrinus (Inuus nemestrinus).
Pedicinus eurygaster Gerv. |
Pithecus rhesus (Macacus rhesus).
Pedicinus rhesi Fahr.
Phthirpedicinus micropilosus Fahr.
Pithecus sinicus (Inuus sinicus).
Phthirpedicinus microps (Nitzsch).
Pithecus irus (Cercopithecus cynomolgus).
Pedicinus longiceps Piaget.
Pithecus fascicularis (Macacus cynomolgus).
Pedicinus eurygaster Burm.
Pygathrix cristata (Semnopithecus prunosus).
Pedicinus longiceps Piaget.
Pygathrix aurata (Trachypithecus maurus).
Hematopinus (Pedicinus or Phthirpedicinus) ? obtusus
Rudow.
Simia sylvanus (Inuus sylvanus).
Hematopinus (Pedicinus or Phthirpedicinus) ? albidus
Rudow.
Family CEBID
Ateleus ater (Ateles ater).
Pediculus capitis De Geer.
Ateleus paniscus (Ateles pentadactylus).
Pediculus consobrinus Piaget.
Cebus fatuellus.
Pediculus capitis (De Geer) (Rio de Janeiro, South Amer-
ica).
Cebus sp.
Pediculus capitis (De Geer).
200 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
Ateleus pan (Ateles rellerosus).
Pediculus lobatus Fahr. (Berlin Mus.).
Family HyLoBaTiD&
Hylobates concolor (Hylobates miilleri).
Pediculus oblongus Fahr.
Symphalangus syndactylus (Hylobates syndactylus).
Pediculus oblongus Fahr.
Family PoNGIDz&
Pan sp. (Simia troglodytes).
Pediculus schaffhi Fahr.
Family HoMINnIDzA
Homo sapiens.
Pediculus capitis De Geer.
Pediculus corporis De Geer.
Phthirus pubis Linneus.
Primates of Uncertain Position
Cercopithecus sp.
Pedicinus breviceps Piaget (Zool. Mus. Hamburg).
Ateles ape?
Pediculus mjébergi K. & F. (Traveling menagerie, Eu-
rope).
Hamadryas sp. (perhaps a Papio).
Pedicinus hamadryas.
Host entirely unknown but undoubtedly a Primate.
Pedicinus ? graciliceps Piaget.
Order ARTIODACTYLA
Family Suibz
Phachochoerus zthiopicus.
Heematopinus phachochoeri End. (Nyasa Land, Africa).
Phachochoerus oeliani massaicus.
Hzematopinus phachochoeri End. (Africa).
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 201
Phachochoerus sp.
Heematopinus phachochoeri End. (Africa).
Potomochoerus affinis nyasz.
Hematopinus phachochoeri End. (German East Africa).
Potomachoerus africanus.
Hematopinus phachochoeri End. (Africa).
Potomachoerus choerapotamus.
Hematopinus phachochoeri End. (Zululand, South Af-
rica).
Sus scrofa domestica.
Hematopinus suis L. (Cosmopolitan).
Sus vittatus.
Heematopinus suis adventicius Neum. (East Indies).
Family CAMELIDA
Auchenia huanaca (Llama).
Linognathus prelongiceps (Neum.) (South America).
Camelus dromedarius.
Hematopinus tuberculatus (Burm.) (Australia, imported
from India).
Camelus bactrianus.
Heematopinus tuberculatus (Burm. )
African camels.
Hematopinus tuberculatus (Burm.) (Cairo, Egypt).
Family GIRAFFID2
Camelopardalis giraffa. :
Linognathus brevicornis (Giebel) (Africa).
Family CEeRvIpa
Cervus elaphus.
Cervophthirius crassicornis (Nitzsch) (Europe).
Cervus unicolor.
Heematopinus longus Neum. (Nepaul, India).
Odocoileus columbianus.
Cervophthirius crassicornis (Nitzsch) (Laytonville, Cali-
fornia, U.S. A.).
Rangifer tarandus.
Cervophthirius tarandi Mjob. (Sweden).
Cearrus-Hirsch.
? Linognathus breviceps (Piaget) (Guatemala).
202 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Serr.
Family Bovip#
Subfamily CEPHALOPHINE
Cephalophus maxwelli.
Linognathus breviceps (Piaget).
Cephalophus natalensis.
Linognathus angulatus (Piaget) (Mfongosi, Zululand, S.
Atnica ),
Cephalophus nigrifrons.
Linognathus angulatus (Piaget).
Cephalophus sp.
Linognathus angulatus (Piaget) (Zool. Mus. Hamburg).
Subfamily CERVICAPRIN ©
Cervicapra arundinum.
Linognathus fahrenholzi Paine (Nyassa Land, Africa).
Cervicapra fulvorufula.
Linognathus fahrenholzi Paine (Mfongosi, Zululand,
South Africa).
Subfamily ANTILOPIN
Antilope cervicapra.
Linognathus tibialis var. cervicapre (Lucas).
Antilope euchore.
Linognathus tibialis var. euchore Wat. (South African Mu-
seum, Cape Town).
Antilope maori.
Linognathus tibialis (Piaget) (Zoological Garden, Rotter-
dam).
Antilope rupicapre.
Linognathus stenopsis (Burm.).
Antilope sp.
Linognathus tibialis var. antennatus (Piaget).
Gazella subgutturosa (Antilope subgutturosa).
Linognathus tibialis var. appendiculatus (Piaget) (Zoologi-
cal Garden, Rotterdam).
Gazelle.
Linognathus gazelia Mjoberg (Zool. Mus. Hamburg).
Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 203
Subfamily TRAGELAPHIN&
Taurotragus oryx.
Heematopinus taurotragi Cumm. (Menagerie in England).
Limnotragus gratus.
Linognathus limnotragi Cumm. (Zool. Garden, London,
from Congo).
Subfamily RuPICAPRIN&
Rupicapra rupicapra (Gemse).
Linognathus rupicapre (Rudow) (Europe).
Subfamily CAPRIN A
Capra ibex.
Linognathus forficulus (Rudow) (Europe).
Capra egyptica (Name does not appear in any lists, is possibiy
C. egagrus).
Linognathus stenopsis (Burm. ).
Capra hircus.
Linognathus stenopsis (Burm.).
“Mexican Goat.”
Linognathus stenopsis (Burm.) (San Diego, California,
LOS eae
Ovis aries.
Linognathus ovillus (Neum.) (Scotland and New Zea-
land).
Linognathus pedalis (Osborn) (Minnesota, Iowa, Nevada,
WE SweAe
Sheep.
Linognathus stenopsis (Burm.) (Abeokuta, Southern Ni-
geria, Africa).
Subfamily Bovin
Bos taurus.
Hzematopinus eurysternus (Nitzsch) (Cosmopolitan).
Linognathus vituli (L.) (Cosmopolitan).
Bos grunniens.
Heematopinus punctatus Rudow.
204 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Srp.
Bos caffer (Buffelus caffer).
Hzematopinus bufali (De Geer) (Africa).
Bison bison.
Hzematopinus tuberculatus (Burm.) (North America).
“Common Buffalo.”
Heematopinus tuberculatus (Burm.) (Vienna).
“Buffalo of India, Tonkin, Sumatra and Rumania.”
Hematopinus tuberculatus (Burm.).
Order PE RISSODACTYEA
Equus caballus (Domestic horse).
Hzematopinus asini (L.) (Cosmopoiitan).
Equus asinus (Ass).
Heematopinus asini (L.).
Equus: burchelli.
Heematopinus asini (L.) (South Africa).
Order PROBOSCIDEA
Family ELEPHANTIDA
Elephas indicus.
Hematomyzus elephantis var. sumatranus Fahr. (Su-
matra). )
Loxodonta africana (Elephas africanus).
Hzematomyzus elephantis Piaget.
Order (HY RACOIMDEA
Family PRocaviib
Procavia capensis (Hyrax capensis).
Linognathus cavie-capensis (Pallas) (South Africa).
Procavia syriaca (Hyrax syriacus).
Linognathus leptocephalus (Ehrenb.) (Syria).
Host Unknown
Heematopinus (Linognathus) ? squamulatus Neum. (Diri-
Daoua, Abyssinia).
Vox. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 205
APPENDIX
Since the preceding pages were sent to press the author has
received from Mr. Bruce Cummings, of the British Museum,
and Mr. James Waterston, of the Imperial Bureau of Ento-
mology, certain notes which are here appended. To both these
gentlemen thanks are due.
The addition of these notes makes the Catalogue complete
to April 1, 1916.
Linognathus muicrocephalus (Garnett). From domestic
sheep (New Zealand).
Note: “This is in my opinion the same as Linognathus
pedalis (Osb.)”’ (Waterston).
1915. Hematopinus microcephalus Garnett, Jour.
Comp. Pathology and Therapeutics, pp. 2-3, 3
figs.
Linognathus pithodes Cummings. From Antilope cervicapra
(Zool. Garden, London).
1916. Linognathus pithodes Cummings, Proc. Zool.
Soc., London (March, 1916).
Hoplopleura pectinata (Cummings).
Note: “Polyplax pectinata Cum., is a Hoplopleura”
(Cummings).
Echinophthirius horridus (Olfers).
1816. Pediculus horridus Olfers, De Vegatativis et
Animalis.
Note: “Echinophthirius phoce Lucas, equals E. hor-
ridus (Olfers)”” (Cummings).
Hoplopleura bidentata (Neum.). From Hydromys chryso-
gaster; not from Epimys rattus (Harrison).
Linognathus setosus (Olfers).
1816. Pediculus setosus Olfers, De Vegetativis et An-
imalis.
Note: “Linognathus piliferus (Burm.) equals Pedic-
ulus setosus Olfers” (Harrison).
206
INDEX
abnormis, Euhematopinus ..
ASCE HOT SOAR oon 79,
ACOMTNO PINUS oes enievecioenie ss
ANTENNATUS 6.2.02. 2eeees
SCLUNINUS Miaisveve niclele torte edie
acanthopus, Hematopinus....
TLOPIOPICUTO. jee ne se 196,
PEGICUI US etoile ste:
Oly play sre atsraciecchelstcntsss
aculeatus, Eulinognathus .168,
Hematopinus ...........
VOU HUAN, ai ye aera ok ec
adventicius, Hematopinus. 146,
affinis, Hematopinus aerate te
Pediculus AOR ROE NU WZ
IZUMI Anas ol late 172,
africanus, Linognathus.......
albidus, Hematopinus....141,
americanus, Hoplopleura. .154,
angulatus, Linognathus...160,
annulatus, Hematopinus......
Antarctophthiriine ..........
Antarctophilurus ...........-
Antarctophthirus lobodontis..
MAP cae mis setae 182,
microchiy ........... 183,
MONnaChUs ........255 183,
OLMOTNWM cc .ca-- ces. 183,
LTUCHECHIMAA eee 183,
antennata, Polyplax..........
antennatus, Acanthopinus....
Hematopinus ........ 165,
Linognathus ..0..... 165,
Neohematopinus .....169,
appendiculatus, PE RIOU OPIS
Dane aoe Silonite 165,
arboricola, Hoplopleura......
attlnlicepnnks 154, 190, 191,
AAP CLOPWERUIAUS) oy «ia \s a siete aie o)e\s
GAG Ch an GOGO BOOT
asini, Hematopinus ...... 142,
IFCCS. Gbuon sooo OaK be
aulacodi, Hematopinus......-
SS CIPION ass evesieioaie cine 178,
auricularis, Polyplax..... 172,
bicolor, Hematopinus........
bidentata, Hoplopleura...154,
Polyplat pra-treccnineee
bidentatus, Hematopinus.....
brachyrrhynchus, Polyplax...
breviceps, Hematopinus......
PUR Sei ae es Oi
TEMMOgnOTNUS semen een
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(Proc. 4TH Ser.
TO ANOPLURA
breviceps, Pedicinus...... 139, 199
SiCUPUO onan coeistas 178, 198
brevicornis, Hematopinus.... 161
Linognathus ..... ee LOleeZOll
5 LPC HALLS) mr iaicls Encl oVctetaners 161
bufali, Hematopinus...... 143, 204
P CAUCUS Us elatieisteis ia 143
cameli, Hematopinus........ 147
Pediculus Ac. avian saeco 147
canis familiaris, Pediculus.... 163
capillatus, Solenopotes....... 167
capitis, Pediculus..... 2 oO e200
cavie-capensis, Linognathus..
eA Oren Bien niles 161, 204
Pediculwsinss aaceeirceis 161
cervicalis, Pediculus......... 136
cervicapre, Hematopinus.... 166
Linognathus ......... 165, 202
Cervophilirius’ 22 oc.... ee oc 167
CYASSIGOTNIS ......2.- 167, 201
LOTON GI Seas ees 168, 201
citelli, Linognathoides....158, 189
clavicornis, Hematopinus.... 172
Pediculws hone acco cee 172
Poly plan ee a Ee 172, 195
colorata, Hematopinus....... 143
columbiana, Polyplax......... 159
columbianus, Hematopinus... 159
Linognathoides ......... 159
consobrinus, Pediculus....136, 199
corporis, Pediculus....... 137, 200
crassicornis, Cervophthirius...
LY, cn MRM e Tae 201
Hematopinus ..-........ 167
Pedictliuse ees ataccleetackes 167
cummingst, Polyplax..... 172.85
denticulatus, Eulinognathus...
pene Ra es HRS , 198
Peaiculas iy hese alent 176
echinata, Polyplax..... AEA? 170
echinatus, Hematopinus.....- 170
Neohematopinus 170, 191
Echinophthirude ............ 180
Echinophthirune ..........+.. 181
Echinophthirius .......++++++ 181
groenlandicus ......+ 181, 187
WOPTAAUS: <0 Sco een ieenlse 2
MACHO CIIT: a siascrsinje estes stel 183
PROGR! lactate aoresiexertole 181, 187
S€riceus ..... sieneolecs 187, 205
SOLO SUS aioetsiewarele ci ceetorees 183
elephantis, Hematomyzus.185, 204
TAOLOCOPES Ve bok ene eee 185
Vou. VI)
Enderlemellus 095 Societe s ccs
REWOR oti ces ci sic 148,
LOMZICEPS) 5.05 148, 190,
occidentalis ........-. 150,
OSDOTHU Ns ee oe 148, 188,
spherocephalus ..148, 190,
suturalis ....149, 188, 189,
UNCUNGTUS Udda Sanco: 150,
enormis, Hoplopleura.....154,
equi, Hematopinus...........
ER CMOPWTMUTINS | 50) se oles ss
LUCTIVEN US tree oi aera oomtiaices
erratica, Hoplopleura.........
Sven aeons 155), L915 193;
IR OV DIG near aie
erraticus, Hematopinus......
Euhematopininé ............
EBuhematopinus 2.00.6. 0 ccc.
QONOTMIS V0.0 oss eee 179,
EUMUNOGHATVUSY no delaase eee
CGUICULUS aes ita 168,
denticulatus ......... 168,
eurygaster, Pedicinus.........
POS Side Bers Oe 139, 140,
REaiculusn sete: 139,
sie @) a) @) cle) 0) 0 8).6)\e)\e ce
fahrenholzi, Linognathus. .161,
TI QHKENOULONR Aas haan ere
PINNGIE) ne ooh os codons: 150,
NMOS. Sobocgotbane 151,
flavidus, Pediculus...........
orficulus, Hematopinus. .161,
Linognathus ......2.. 161,
gazella, Linognathus...... 162,
graciliceps, Pedicinus..... 141,
sracils, Polyplav..:. 3... 172,
groenlandicus, Echinophthirius
FI CMAOMY SAE 20. ie ce hs 8
TAC MOLOMYZUS? vo. Shen coe tse
elephantis’ oo... 06606. 185,
PLODOSCIGEUS: sacle one sas =e
sumatranus ....+..... 185,
Hematopuid@e .....5..50.+54
Hematopiine ..........+..-
Hematopimoides ............
SQUAMOSUS ..+)..0.-- 180,
EX CINOLO PUN Sie aa eter ett
QCONTNOPUSE danas 42 wee
MU CULCOTU SR sie cre st clorsservasince
adventicws ...+...... 146,
OMMESE Rreulel tel ne acisg hiieatare
QIDIAUSI Fis sis hotreiaee 141,
148
191
191
188
189
191
190
193
195
143
171
177
FERRIS—ANOPLURA
Hematopinus annulatus...... 181
antennatus .......... 165, 169
appendiculatus ......+... 165
OSU ae ee 142, 204
GUIGCOAL. Dio Sante te eee 178
DICOlOT cage 163
bidentatus 2s enn 154
Or evicep sii Wan ae eee 160
DECTICOLII SH ate nae 161
oH Jet I ees hee) 143, 204
COMENE s)/si2, cals acon ee 147
CEOUACE PTE). eae 166
CLIOZHCOMIMS. Jes iatne tee 172
COLOFOLG cso cert 143
columbianus 2240. Gne 159
CYESSUCOTMIS 1) osc oa ee 167
COMINGS aes nepsie cn: Ne 170
CVV UICUS 0 terrae dete 155
COU. ery Mine oa ae io 143
CUTAN SECTIVIUS Merial 144, 203
OMMCUIUS om ae nlecas ene 161
hesperomydis ........... 155
HGHGIIS ecoggecoo8dcnee 156
TUCUSIUST OR araneP Sere tet te 145
UPTIISHTUIIS Sor noovoooce: 158
LES Fe tava teenie 145
leptocephalus ........ 161, 162
LEUCOPNEUS meee ete 174
LOWOUS ase wee tee aie 144, 201
LOMSULUST Meat cian, ore 156
TAO CEPHOIUSY verlag si crale's a « 151
macrocephalus .......... 143
MaNiculatus ...2seceeceee 156
MONTANUS | d6 Vocc ved owos 159
ROLOPUGUUS, jxme sce ce 157
ODEUSUS ey Giks yeni oe 141, 199
OUUPOTMAS) - oes ate eee 144
OUULIWS Barna eioert onielerstaiee 162
OUISEAS Naerede aero et 163
DEGAS 0 ics tie estes 162
PETISTUGIUS nese cee ntaee 145
DULCLUST tele eters 163
phachochoeri ....145, 200, 201
PFOCISUS: AN ok hoes cic 178, 198
PUMATIOPSIS © o. bens cs cts 143 -
PTELONZICEPS! \, sinc saye an 164
punctatus; 2. ise. dine 145, 203
quadridentatus .......... 157
TECUMATUS! Use ccnenlimn oe 174
TUPICUPVE), cis moee omelet ae 165 —
, SUCCORAG' Unie tena raid elt cts 164
SCLUTOPLTERD wieiaelataioers us 171
SCPUOIUSS ethyl tis eae oer 175
SELOSUS MD Toei le 181, 159
spherocephalus ......... 149
SPICMILT EPO leer oS, «scldec ein a 175
SPINE Bem wevia iss ccc o™ 175, 176
PUMA OES) che, Galois a:d.0.0 wi0ials 176
208
Hematopinus Oui as 179,
steno psis
stephensi
suis
suturalis
taurotragt
tenuirostris
tibialis
trichechi
tuberculatus .145, 146, 201,
UrlUus
ventricosus
vitult
Hemodipsus
lyriocephalus
parvus
ventricosus
hamadryas, Pedicinus..... 139,
heliosciuri, Neohematopinus..
PIO NONON OL OkUE Ch OOS CHOI tetinurnc
eve Hele e.te\ fe (0 \(6, tev 0 a sej ee,
hesperomydis, Hematopinus..
Hoplopleura
Polyplax
hirsuta, Hoplopleura.....-
hispida, Hoplopleura..... 156,
hispidus, Hematopinus.......
IZ COMEHISS Baba Gao doonu ae
ENG PIOPICUTOM eee bee ee
acanthopus .......... 153,
americanus .......... 154,
arboricola. ..154, 190, 191,
bidentata ....... 154, 195,
CNOVIUS EN eBay chiar 154,
erratica..... 155, 191, 193:
hesperomydis ........ 155,
LAT SUD OE ie eee 155,
Risprdaan asin ee 156,
intermedia .......... 156,
WCCO) SO Ae ee etic sae
lon culate eye oe 156,
maniculata .......... 156,
LEGUMOLEN EC eRisce ee ceee
quadridentata ...157, 196,
PECUIUUGLON ONAa ere ecko aene
trispinosa ....... 1572192)
LET IVENIN caus cus tahstisierels atnlecne
humanus, Pediculus...... 136,
ERVO OPE MTUS peels hae
notophallus .......... 157,
OFNGLEFOPOdU ana. eae
VEGlOCOTIS Won eatin
Clephantis essere
incisus, Hematopinus........
mguinalis, Phthirius.........
IT AD UISUM iGo ais AG cite oe
inornatus, Linognathoides....
Sea a eh Gh Ge Ly Rene 158
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
204
204
[Proc. 4TH
intermedia, Hoplopleura. .156,
AS OPUS» Vir CAUCULU Sass taee ee cies
jonest, Polyplar.......... IS!
kelloggi, Enderleinellus...148,
leviusculus, Hematopinus....
Linognathoides ...... 158,
IPEGUCHIUS i emeicieeee
IPokyplags nes eters
latus, Hematopinus.........-
Lepidophtlurtide ............
Lepidophiinrus 000 Nn wees
MACVOTMINMA ......0.5. 184,
leptocephalus, Hematopinus..
AUIS SHER co Ste eR cea 161,
Tinognathus ....3.... 162,
Pediculus | Peewee eieiee te
leucopheus, Hematopinus....
limnotragi, Linognathus. .162,
lineata, Hoplopleura.........
LEmognuthoides ......2225--%
CILEI I acetone oie 158, 189,
columbianus ...+....:.-;
TMOTNGtUS: 2. 2.de008- 158,
leviusculus .......... 158,
montanus...159, 188, 189,
PECTIN Ie 1craatolacveten\s 159,
SPenMLOpMily arias cls eel
SELO SUSI a eterelote! ele el ehecvoicycieiens
PANO SHOANIBE | oi icse sfolnwai sie ©
EAN OSMALIUSY Meveieirics cane ee
OP TUGOILUS AS iejackce ete eee
GH ZULGTUS, Rianne 160,
antennatus .......... 165,
appendiculatus ....... 165,
breviceps ....... 160, 201,
DVEVICOVNIS 252.5060. 161,
CAVI@-CAPeENSIS ....... 161,
GERUICAPTE s\n 165,
CUCHIGHE: Mitre sisi 165,
fahrenholzt .......... 161,
MOPMCHIOS “aouosagooos 161,
Feri AN OTN SNH hots CIAO 162,
leptocephalus v2.60... 162,
lummotragt 2.....-12. 162,
OULWS een ne 162,
PEAGIUS\ eke etn a craays 162,
PULPErUS. nbs sccisie ve 163,
PY@LONSICEPS. 2.62 meee a.
FUPICOPTE. . 0h 2 nese oem 165,
SUCCOLUS) Valerie cre laclaelelecsiake
SELO SIS My attotela cies ecnarererciens
squamulatus ........+ 179,
SFEMO PSUS) Meelaeiele 164, 202,
ICT TOT IG RA NOEL RAEN loos G 165,
MM EULDTUS Verse eevelereicle ela
DEW, oat ea ciltaelae 166,
lobatus, Pediculus........137,
SER.
194
163
195
191
Vor. VI]
lobodontis, Antarctophthirus..
ALAR Ata tite eR wD 3, 187
longiceps, Enderleinellus.....
aesgiye Sarieh nat Aree , 190, 191
CONGUNUSis Je Ra 139, 199
longula, Hoplopleura..... 156, 194.
POLY IAE pipe neon do si ctvanas 156
longulus, Hematopinus....... 156
longus, Hematopinus..... 144, 202
lyriocephalus, Hematopinus.. 151
Hemodipsus ........ 151, 188
PPODICUES we e eis a vote TG
ZOD laa ti cnn wera 152
macrocephalus, Hematopinus. 143
MPCUUCUIUS 2 nie Oe hates cape ths 143
macrorhini, Lepidophthirus. .
SNPS Raise aera Sea 184, 187
maniculata, Hoplopleura. .156, 191
Polyplax Rift Pl ire Ay ai 156
maniculatus, Hematopinus... 156
miacantha, Polyplax...... 172, 198
microchir, Antarctophthirus. .
Samaras tae ak: 183, 187
Echinophthirius ......... 183
micropilosus, Phthirpedicinus
ee CIDER ee 140, 199
microps, jee ep ener ie 140, 199
mjobergi, Pediculus....... 136, 200
monachus, Antarctophthirus. .
RU ere tage Sr Re Ee 183, 187
montana, Polyplax........... 159
montanus, Hematopinus..... 159
Linognathoides .........
Bee es 159, 188, 189, 190
Neohematopinus ............ 168
ONLENNCUSA eee 169, 191
LENMOMISN IE ate oh eon 170, 191
heltosciurt .........: 170, 192
POCUTCUS ae ttn ek 170, 192
SCULVINUS ac loses 170, 191
SCULOPLETE ool oss 170, 193
Semifasciatus ........ 169, 190
notophallus, Hematopinus.... 157
Hybophthirus ....... 57, 198
oblongus, Pediculus....... 137, 200
obtusus, Hematopinus....141, 199
occidentalis, Enderleinellus. .
BEd aa rie a Ree 150, 188
ogmorlum, Antarctophthirus.
ies Tee aint ad ins 183, 187
orycteropodi, Hybophthirus... 157
osborni, Enderleinellus.......
SRE OOS te 48, 188, 189
otomydis, Polvhlen We sas 173, 195
oviformis, Hematopinus...... 144
FERRIS—ANOPLURA
ovillus, Hematopinus........
LAnOgnathus, 2.0. 162,
ovis, Hematopinus...........
oxyrrhynchus, Pediculus.....
Polyplax) eerie .174,
pacificus, Neohematopinus...
Be tan ad eaete Arles bu 170,
paralleliceps, Pedicinus. . 140,
parvus, Hemodipsus...... 179,
pectinata, Hoplopleura.......
Poly plan Sacee aneyne 174,
pectinifer, Hematopinus......
Linognathoides ...... 159,
POTN p la th Saal Reenter
pedalis, Hematopinus........
Linognathus, 2.0.2... 162,
IEG TONIS “ene caoaeer bc
ROGIGIVIN Ga saan oh os eee
NCO UCANAGS Ne. yo) sve eetne ores
DRCTICEDS) Maan sels tae 139,
eurygaster....... 139, 140,
GOKHMAGNS Godab ba back 141,
WOMGILYAS 0 cas). 139,
LOWEICED See A ete 139,
porallehiceps ...4..... 140,
DUI OUE yaitoa co ep acon Meee
(8 OAS ep RAS Mee ble 140,
dE AT A AULT {7 ga RPA ae
Pediquliner Taichi oe oe
PIC OUGUIESMN a ea kee Ree
DEANINOPUS) Sat Lancia ete e
GHINUS Eee 136,
DUT Oecd ta ee
(RUA PORE UR ABOBA DBR ae
cams familiaris..........
COPIAS eo ore 136,
COWME-CAPEnStS .....4.05%
CORT CHIS 4. aie. nie eRe
GIGUIGORNIS a an ee eee
consobrinus ......... 136,
CONPOTIS ni CEL 137,
CYOSSICOTMIS. tae en
dentigulatitsin-eeeee
CUTYSOUSECTAN ae eee: 139,
CUVYSTETNUS ee eee
flavidus 2355255 Bae
WASPIGUS) VasS OCG aie
LUMONUS eee 136,
SSOPUS, 255 ARAL Meee
LevinsculMs (S35 es hk
leptocephalus, :.05.0.0 050.
LODGIUS SSO hden es 137,
LWICED Sewn a ee tae ales;
LWOCARR GIES oie es. chat
macrocephalus ..........
MEL GU EP Dios adh s dete eras 136,
GING WOES! hors och eyo 137,
210
Pediculus oxyrrhynchus...... 166
PHOCE esernn oo PER One 181
Pith Cruse nen hee MeO 162
pleuropheus ............ 174
DPIVENIKIOD SUS oem tesieer aioe 143
PUNCLALUS: eer Oia aoe 145
TO CHMOTUS Pn Ntonn aye into 174
SOCCOLUS Waren isl sits erin 164
SCAG Lee Sen te ee tee 137
SCHSTOPYV StS) pe Je sees ois 164
COTES ken as A Seon 175
spherocephalus ......... 149
SPICULIFET Wie cori ee cleh 175
SPIN CET st Oona 176
SPINUIOSUS) 225 see ek 176
STEMOPSUSHMa Mea cellnintoee 164
SHUSL PON ae Ay eats aah Aa NTL 146
tabescenttum ............ 138
MAUD ADSEOS So nupaondae: 166
buberculatus, — 0c). s+ 2 147
ig AR aa RANE NADU AE PM 145
UCSHMMENT Ls Ves Moot 137
CELA! CTIA ed dit eaten nee ea 166
penicillatus, Hematopinus.... 144
peristictus, Hematopinus..... 145
phachochoeri, Hematopinus..
RP arene Neen eve ee 145, 200, 201
PHANtASMOCOTIS 6 6.cc dh. sass. 185
phoce, Echinophthirius...161, 187
Peduculus) 12.6% eee 181
phthiriopsis, Hematopinus.... 143
FCAICULUS TENE ri kae yey 143
PA UUS ene bei aero ee 138
RIVEUIM ONES oie NOU Ie eNO a) 138
PUOUS rs me Oo eee ene eae 138
Phthirpedicinus ........ eae 40
MACTOPUOSUS 226.0255 140, 199
MAUCTOPS ........ -...140, 199
PIGTE Meccan aes 141, 199
(IRRLENIUS his RE oe cen 138
I SUAMAIS) tela tetne aieealy we 138
PUUIS IRE Tee Re ee 138, 200
piageti, Pedicinus............ 141
Phthirpedicinus ..... 141, 199
piliferus, Hematopinus....... 163
Linognathus ......... 163, 186
REdvculuswprrrarcrri etre 163
DACKGMIUS ic ioo2 6 ecletice se 163
pinnata, Fahrenholzia.....150, 193
pithodes, Linognathus..... ae.)
pleurophea, Polyplax..... 174, 194
pleuropheus, Pediculus....... 174
Polyplaws occult neces 171
GEANTNOPUS) We sete eas 153
QCULEHTUS Preece mene ee 168
QHINIS SN eh iteeee 172, 194
GNICHNALO mane eee 169
GULICUlOTIs iiss eee nee 172, 197
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
Polyplax bidentata....... See
brachyrrhynchus .....172,
CGIAUICOTMIS Nee eee We:
Columbiana 2.2.2. .e cee
CUMUIMINGSE 20+ 2.0000 172,
COMMA aoe ance ene
CIVATICE he eran Mente oe
PEA USN An ones shaneaec 73:
hesperomydis ........2+-
WASPIdG ay eta te celeste
AONE Stipe aka ease OS 173,
lemuscula eal eeec ecole
lOWSUCE EE eee eee
lywocepnala merece eee
maniculata ss.) oie eee ose
miacantha ........... 173,
WONTON PE airs ve islelsetnns
OLOMIYAIS A eee 173:
oxyrrhynchus ........ 174,
pectinata ........ 174, 195,
pleuroph@ea .......... 174,
quadridentata, Hoplopleura...
SAS MAO oe 156, 196,
Roly pilav vee tee
quadridentatus, Hematopinus
reclinata, Hoplopleura........
Polyplae ee es es 174,
reclinatus, Hematopinus.....
IAA HNION Aade doe bon sub
rhest, Pedicinus.........- 140,
rupicapre, Hematopinus.....
Linognathus ........ 165,
SCUPtO susie lo aoe ae ae ROR Ee
QUuIGCOdt ee eee eee 178,
brevicepS taser bikes 178,
sciurinus, Acanthopinus......
Neohematopinus ....170,
sciuropteri, H@ematopinus....
Neohematopinus ....170,
Poly lag oy acer pene
semifasciatus, Neohematopinus
sericeus, Echinophthirius.182,
serrata, Polyplax......... 175;
serratus, Hematopinus.......
IPedtculusi reek iene chee ee
setosus, Echinophthirius. .181,
Hematopinus ........ 159,
Linognathoides .........
Solenopotes ay eeicee ae eee
CODULAUS OE rem iatlete
spermophili, Linognathoides..
IPEdiculusirance tices
spherocephala, Polyplax.....
spherocephalus, Enderleinel-
TUS SNE ee 148, 190,
[Proc. 4TH Ser.
154
195
155
194
Vor. VII
spherocephalus,
Hematopinus
UP COUCUTMS VON eee isis seo
spiculifera, Polyplax...... 175,
spiculifer, Hematopinus......
PA COVCMUUS dia tate Oecd eee}
spiniger, Haematopinus.......
Pediculus
Polyplax
spinulosa, Polyplax..........
Se A Mirae Beene 176, 194, 195,
eee) 0 06 0 6 4 wiele we
Spinulosus, Hematopinus.....
Pediculus, o)..e. seosonk.
squamosus, Hematopinoides. .
Better ne lok ee tity Mag 180,
squamulatus, Hematopinus...
a OS Are RRL PE LE? 179,
Pinognathies eine ae: 179,
stephensi, Hematopinus......
DEG 11a eae ean HU WE
stenopsis, Hematopinus......
Linognathus ....164, 202,
TZ COMCMTUS)” LN LO roi
TUCRAMIDS! Sick hisckth ates
suis, Hematopinus....... 145,
Pediculys ee ok ook
sumatranus, H@matomyzus...
BAL OCR Tiara 185,
suturalis, Enderleinellus......
ba Aareen eats 149, 186, 189,
Hematopinus ...... x itera
d LOVLNY ALG oho oO ANGE ae
tabescentium, Pediculus......
tarandi, Cervophthirius.. .168,
taurotragi, Hematopinus.146,
tenuirostris, Hematopinus....
Pediculus
FERRIS—ANOPLURA
211
tibialis, Hematopinus........ 165
Linognathus ......... 165, 202
LFichaulusv soy soe oe 165
tribulosa, Fahrenholzia...151, 193
Lrichaulus \ 0) slo ese enn 159
Pedialise ViVcn Nae asin 163
PUferUs) So ae 163
Saccatus! *) a. ia Vp eae 164
SECHOPSIS® sc a 164
HbIGliss sc. Snape 165
UUM, Fiancee hee 167
trichechi, Antarctophthirus.
Serie ae ee 183, 186
Arctophthirus ........ 184
Hematopinus ........... 184
trispinosa, Hoplopleura.......
Gre er ORE © 157, 192, 193
tuberculatus, Hematopinus...
eee ie ane 145, 146, 201, 204
uncinatus, Enderleinellus..150, 193
ungulatus, Hematopinus.....- 160
Eanognathus..6:0....... 160
urius, H@ematopinus.......... 146
TRE QiCulus 2, | nese 145
ventricosa, Polyplax......... 152
ventricosus, Hematopinus.... 152
Hemodipsus ....152, 187, 188
vestimenti, Pediculus..... Aoi lS ¥/
wllosa, Polyplax.. 2.2. : 177, 196
vituli, Hematopinus.......... 166
Linognathus ......... 166, 203
Pedveulus 2 len ee ee 166
richanlus® 52212 eee 167
wernert, Eremophthirius..... 177
Hoplopleura’ 22. .3...2.4. 177
Paty plan Goo. ae 177, 195
212 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
[Proc. 4TH Ser.
INDEX
TO ORDERS, FAMILIES AND GENERA OF MAMMALS IN
HOST LIST
INC OMIVIS' Cases ierarellee: AS ROL eee 195 Blephantideey esse eee 204
Ammospermophilus ......... 188 Rotem has iets ee Nae eee he ea 204
Antal OPIN) oy Wisteres Fee eee 202 EDITS) deh tyruealeoe css tunes 194, 195
MANTEL ODE! Hak Rise Whole soaeevhbetee itis 202 EGuUilshiec bata le seen orenee 204
AMOGEMIUISU LPM eerie 194 Butamiasieymnersdcneen cies 192
Ascromiyanee 5 alls geadic die 188
Nava CamthiiSy wees rhesus aietats 195 TRS BEST RRR TERR Ey Ne LAST A \ 186
TAN TACO Fs a aa Ee Re er EEN PS 196 Hissipedtal wien. cheeky rs witialeeere 186
Arvicola=Microtus
Ateles=Ateleus Gazellarinns cy dies Senethaenal acai 202
PApeletsu niin enie Romany ernie Eile 199 Gazetles oi sie pects einige aise) ce 202
Antiodactylawenvie te acaee 200 Geomyidees | PO cnureeen 194
MANIGH EN Ate nA Nop crsicess needle 201 GeOimiys. cede serra eater 194
Aulacodus = Thryonomys Gerbilling, oof 2h theatre 195
Gerbillughs neatee ae asoe 195
: Giratitdaenne watac pc eeaee 201
Perini erne mete ei oe, WcnGlancomys) ee chai 192, 193
TBE TPE pr eG Ab A a 202 (GOA eee are tener oes 203
Boat une aieetee ii, Cus Stk ea 203
Inleneyalingie juicbs dacodnseoor 200
Bitte Oe yee eae 204 Hlelioscuintism sae he nee 192
: eter omnyidcen sa cece 193
Callospermophilus .......... 188 ElolochiltswW eye cee eoooe 196
Camelide .. settee eee eee eee 201 liormin deer nan en teas te oe 200
Gamelopardalis’ -2.... 005+. 201 [ae OAL UDA a ORL Ly DRAGS: 200
Gammel wis yee teen h or hetero 201 Ellobates sun ol ee es 200
Canis 2.0.1... sees eee eee, 186 Hiylobattdee. (oir ese 200
Capra cc 203 Fiviracordeal iene pharie eae 204
Caprine oMeieice Dsiiehis isi/eteitslinkavobe ley isitsiks 203 Hyrax = Procavia
Galmmivionalinyucrant socmee aes 186
Cebidze Ducts) fetelkes oie velledts Ul selves hueneyietete 149 TInuus = Simia
Cebus... 0... cece eee neces 199 EMSECHIVOTA) | Li eck) merce tees 186
iCephalophinze sues eeor eae 202
Cephalophus ......:...2:.+.. 202 eae aime eke crane 198
Cercopithecus = Pithecus Lagurus = Microtus
Cervocapiine ic) wesc cen 202 Tasiopy cave lon Ane 199
Cervicapra .....--....---+45 202 Mastopy side ie 80s oyeteie eps sien 199
CermyideAion eee one 201 Lemmus = Dicrostonyx
Cervus .......... eee eee e eee. 201 WE GDUIS pe hrs ttic etre i tcyes adres 187
Chinchillidz | 16)-efelfel's| sa "wie; 'e le) 6 alle yie 198 Limnotragus Fe Ad ces eo Sane Se aE 203
Citellus ...............005. ~ 188 bexcodomtay iis 0a ey nea 204
CriceHinaeh eerie Gen eee 196
Cricetalws 7.5 sy. Mevvechwate nite 194 Macacus = Pithecus
Cymomys ...-....e esses eee 190 Mariniotals®. ccc ackiosw sine as 190
MeRIOES is elie See patentee 195
DASVITEYS! satis sc lee eae ie 195 Microdipodops: 22 cujcecs (eal: 193
Dictostonyx soos een ewoue ae 196 Miacromysiie he serie etait: 194
Dipodidseavsue eee weeny 198 Nitemotinice we mei eine ee 196
DipodomySe aes tee: 193 IMIGROtUS Heme ek iics emer 196
Dip Usi eae care dette redssaeevarene pa 198 INE Tas) A he Se see ee 194
Domesticunabbitern seesarnee 188 Mus = Epimys
Dryomnys's iit vector secsnoniiene 194 Miascandinid ewer cere 194
Duplicidentatamaseseeeeenese 187 Mastelidceu neni igen aera 186
Vor, VI)
Myoxide = Muscardinidz
Myoxus = Dryomys
Nectomys = Holochilus
INGOEOMa: sree os See 196, 197
NESORYZOIIV Gis! ere inlets 197
Ocfodontidene yee 198
Odobzentdeeyeees cee este. 186
WTObcentish ttt alicnuis es aay 186
Odocoilens ey Ps ee 201
Oy Clone ys ie es eee eh 197
Orycteropodidas Fy yh! 198
Oryeteropus. hokey aes 198
Oryctolagus veces alee 187
Oieritdeey oe alse ale eee 187
Ofomrysina yA ee 195
Wiis casos es cg cee ee 195
(ON IS e oe Ba pee eet ash 203
Bachyuanomys |. as ctiae sees: 195
Paludicola = Arvicola
LEEW, See nena de Ie ES 200
REM CEES ae Saks sis eae gene L 198
Red etidzevipy ser herd an ee ea os 198
enissodactylay 8.5 Je ya ti ot 204.
Rerodipiusien wa\e) ushers ee a 193
Rerognathitisy i) chisel So 193
PETOMIVSCUSH er eiie aoe se eee 197
Retatinistidse) cade eses 192
Bhachochoerus ean wecteacs 200
PReMaACOMyS (es oa wanes es 196
Ph OCale Eee eg ee eee 187
IPNOCARCOS:) tls s.asin gue kale 187
Bhoerdas tte heant, sees ates 187
Pimimipedsaes ts ea 186
Rithecuicuwrs ya2 race ees eae 199
J ego) tt (0 2 ee REC AA DSR 200
Potamochoenrusy) op eee eee -201
FERRIS—ANOPLURA
Primates hentai petty
Proboscidea assent
Procavias 7. se cee ene
Procaviide scan nee
Pteromys = Glaucomys
Pyoathinisc isa ayaa eee
Rangifer
SACCOSLOMMS seen eens
Sealy ees chee cae tee
Seehundey ci. aos ee
Si ae rt ie eee eee
SUS Me ate eleales cose eee
Gira pileess ee yh ots ae ote
Alcina 2st ye a ae a ea crane
PAIMOLGASUS. ol cao! s eens
PN EVOMOMIVS!25 orcs | {los eee
Trachypithecus = Pygathrix
diracelaphine auch ae) oe
iubm@luidentatay wavs: aatus
Xerine
Xerospermophilus
Rabbit iia itcaens eae
Rodentiay (ioe ie tee aeaees
Riupicaptar jac. c/s ssa eee
Rupicaprince <1. i: 0eGue eee
EE RESW VR Aa ce ee ee
198
JS Are ORs WAN UY bret A Pir
- PROCEEDINGS
Fourth Series
VOLUME I
Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the
Galapagos Islands, 1905-1906.
Pages 1-6. I. Preliminary Description of Four New Races of
Gigantic Land Tortoises from the Galapagos Islands. By John
Van Denburgh. (Jssued December 20, LID) Ee eee A ale Hee
Pages 7-288. II. A Botanical Survey of the Galapagos Islands.
By Alban Stewart. Plates I-xIx. (Issued January 20, 1911)...
Pages 289-322. Ill. The Butterflies and Hawk-Moths of the
Galapagos Islands. By Francis X. Williams. Plates XX-XXI.
(Issued October 7, L911) ..ccscereeccccten ees cen een eesee erie
Pages 323-374. IV. The Snakes of the Galapagos Islands. By
John Van Denburgh. Plates XXI-XxXx. (Issued January 17, 1912)
Pages 375-404. V. Notes on the Botany of Cocos Island. By
Alban Stewart. Plates xxxI-xxxIv. (/ssued January 19, 1912)
Pages 405-430. VI. The Geckos of the Galapagos Archipelago.
By John Van Denburgh. (Issued April 16, 1712) ..++++++0+++
Pages 431-446. VII. Notes on the Lichens of the Galapagos
Islands. By Alban Stewart. (Issued December 17, 1912)...++.
VOLUME II, Parr I
Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the
Galapagos Islands, 1905-1906.
Pages 1-132. VIII. .The Birds of the Galapagos Islands, with
Observations on the Birds of Cocos and Clipperton Islands
(Columbiformes. to Pelecaniformes). By Edward Winslow
_ Gifford. Platesi-vul. (Jssued Augusé 11, POLED ay whee ig wes ite in's
Pages 133-202. IX. The Galapagoan Lizards of the Genus
Tropidurus; with Notes on the Iguanas of the Genera
Conolophus and Amblyrhyncus. By John Van Denburgh and
Joseph R. Slevin. Plates ViI-xI. (Issued September 19, 1713).
Pages 203-374. X. The Gigantic Land Tortoises of the Galapagos ©
Archipelago. By John Van Denburgh. Plates xXII-CXXIV.
(Issued September 30, 114). .....vv epee cece cere yne este ees
VOLUME ill
Pages 1-40.. A Further Stratigraphic Study in the Mount Diablo
Range of California. By Frank M.Anderson. Plate 1. (/ssued
October BL, FQOSV Ss 5 eas ialal Bias otis diagno bi tie # ole = lolol geitesis oid 8 2 *
Pages 41-48. Description of a New Species of Sea Snake from the
Philippine Islands, with a Note on the Palatine Teeth in the
Proteroglypha. By John Van Denburgh and Joseph C. Thomp-
son. (lssued December 31, 1908)...+++ecreveersrrrttat tents
Pages 49-56. New and Previously Unrecorded Species of Reptiles
and Amphibians from the Island of Formosa. By John Van
Denburgh. (Jssued December 2, 1 GOD ieee dee gen lang wields
Pages 57-72. Water Birds of the Vicinity of Point Pinos, California.
By Rollo Howard Beck. (Issued September 17, LILO) se orale stefan
Pages 73-146. The Neocene Deposits of Kern River, California,
and the Temblor Basin. By Frank M. Anderson. Plates 1-XHI,
(Issued November 9, 1911)... .ccecrececerr eee r pests sas
Pages 147-154. Notes on a Collection of Reptiles from Southern
California and Arizona. By John Van Denburgh. (Issued '
VARUATY ALT AIL 5 oui M bite Vecale Se Vie 3 Hee ee ee ee ae
Pages 155-160. Notes on Some Reptiles and Amphibians from
Oregon, Idaho and Utah. By John Van Denburgh. (/ssued
January, LI 1912) Voss idesdhaln lisse aeee mene kee seat CEI t Gime
Pages 161-182. Geologic Range of Miocene Invertebrate Fossils of
California. By James Perrin Smith. (Issued April 5, 17/2)...
Pages 183-186. Description of a New Genus and Species of Sala-
mander from Japan. By Surgeon J. C. Thompson, U. S. Navy.
Plate xiv. (Jssued May 3, 1912) ..0+0sccreencr ener reee ences
Pages 187-258. Concerning Certain Species of Reptiles and Am-
phibians from China, Japan, the Loo Choo Islands, and Formosa.
By John Van Denburgh. (Issued December 16, 1912.)..++++++
Pages 259-264. Notes on Ascaphus, the Discoglossoid Toad of
North America. By John Van Denburgh. (Issued December
OT LOT ONG vioie cord x ahah akan cl de ASeonatas ka EARS re pm een persue le Rds 8 Es
.50
2.00
.35
.29
ENOL g ahi a anh kest Na
Vata CiAPA tid. rate Penta ka ud Carmen aR Lat, ee presi We sue. ESTES Sone Nal Mate Ss CEO PCIe aL Nia h Mt WR SPIN a
Pee Bip ote ‘ wa: é vay AA, eA eA) a baat Sy
PROCEEDINGS .
Fourth Series
VOLUME IIl—Continued
Pages 265-390. A Distributional List of the Mammals of California.
By Joseph Grinnell. Plates xv-xv1. (Jssued August 28, 19/3)
Pages 391-454. A List of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Arizona,
with Notes on the Species in the Collection of the Academy.
By John Van Denburgh and Joseph R. Slevin. Plates xvii-
XVI. + (Lssued: Movember: 5; LILY a sete ecnin Oe ee ie ee
VOLUME IV
Pages 1-13. I. Report of the President of the Academy for the
Year 1913.
II. George Davidson. (Jssued April 8, 19/4) ......
Pages 15-112. III. Neocene Record in the Temblor Basin, Cali-
fornia, and Neocene Deposits of the San Juan District. By
Frank M. Anderson and Bruce Martin, Plates1-x. (Jssued
DECEMBER SU, LILLY iy GIB OO LR ARI ey a Ota nC a ag OY ee
Pages 113-128. IV. The Fauna of the Siphonalia sutterensis Zone
in the Roseburg Quadrangle, Oregon. By Roy E. Dickerson.
Plates: xi-xil;.(/ssued December 30, TRF) i ioe ee Foes es
Pages 129-152, V. Reptiles and Amphibians of the Islands of the
West Coast of North America. By John Van Denburgh and
Joseph R. Slevin. (Issued December 30, 1974)... 6.0. cece ee
Pages 153-160. VI. The Pocket Gopher of the Boreal Zone on
San Jacinto Peak. By J. Grinnell and H. S. Swarth. (Issued
DIELEIMOED. SOL IEA) 6) AUCs SNe ORIN cad W Se wae Ae EE ae ule
VOLUME V
Pages 1-31. I. Report of the President of the Academy for the
year 1914,
II. Report of the Director of the Museum for the
year 1914. (Issued March 26, 1915). .......04:
Pages 33-98. III. Fauna of the Type Tejon: Its Relation to the
Cowlitz Phase of the Tejon Group of Washington. By Roy E.
Dickerson. Plates1-x1. (Issued June 15, 19/5). ... 0.0 cc ceeeee
Pages 99-110. IV. A list of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Utah,
with Notes on the Species in the Collection of the Academy.
By John Van Denburgh and Joseph R. Slevin. Plates x1I-xIv.
(Lsswed,” Sane dS, LOPS) ee ee ea RON RT es ne PRS ety eS
Pages 111-161. V. Description of a new subgenus (Arborimus)
of Phenacomys, with a Contribution to Knowledge of. the
Habits and Distribution of Phenacomys longicaudus. By Walter
P. Taylor. Plate xv. (lssued December 30, 1915) ...ccccvcens
Pages 163-193. VI. Tertiary Deposits of Northeastern Mexico. By
E. T. Dumble. Plates xvrand xix. (/ssued December 31, 1915).
Pages 195-223. VII. Report of the President of the Academy for
the Year 1915.
VIII. Report of the Director of the Museum for
the Year 1915. (lssued May 4, 19/6)...
VOLUME VI
Pages 1-17. I. Eocene of Lower Cowlitz River Valley, Washing-
ton. By Charles E. Weaver. Plate 1. (/ssued May 6, 19/6).
Pages 19-40. II. The Post-Eocene Formations of Western Wash-
ington. By Charles E. Weaver. (Jssued May 6, 1916).
Pages 41-52. III. The Oligocene of Kitsap County, Washington.
By Charles E. Weaver. (Jssued May 6, 79/6). Price for the
thTCE PApene: HAv sr oie rapes ee aaa erie viet Ede mente
Pages 53-85. IV. The Pacific Coast Races of the Bewick Wren.
By Harry S. Swarth. Plate 2.. (/sswed May 8, 1916) .........
Pages 87-128. V. Monograph of the North American Species of
Orthotylus (Hemiptera). By Edward P. Van Duzee. (Jssued
DEO. IGN ak HRI OC i iis oe ton OC ES Oe aR UA ea eae
Pages 129-213. VI. A Catalogue and Host List of the Anoplura.
By Gib: Perris, «i (dsswed May 27 9ION ei a i Aaa ee
\ . Seals per 18 SSR ida ch a Care artes Rink Uy vy : é 4
+c ay ie PRG rv EN Dy PL. eV tant A SY UA
75
cep
.50
By
cao
29
.50
Wy
50
.50
ee
.50
.35
.50
50
The Academy cannot supply any of its publications issued before the
year 1907, its entire reserve stock having been destroyed in the conflagra-
tion of April, 1906.
¢
OF THE
“CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF - SCIENCES
BK OURTH SERIES.
Vor. VI, No. 7, pp. 215-221. Max 12, 19167. 8S as
Vil
Four Species of Salamanders new to the
a3 State of California, with a Description of ie
- Plethodon elongatus, a New Species, =
and Notes on other Salamanders oe
BY apse’
- Jonn Van DENBURGH fe Ir RS
Curator, Department of Herpetology
SAN FRANCISCO
PUBLISHED BY THE ACADEMY
1916 p :
a
tay
aa Sie
os
JUN 16 1916
“tional Musev™
sunsonian Ingtjq,, >
6,
,
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
FourtTH SERIES
Wor. VI, No; 7, pp: 215-221 May 12, 1916
Vil
FOUR SPECIES OF SALAMANDERS NEW TO THE
STATE OF CALIFORNIA, WITH A DESCRIPTION
OF PLETHODON ELONGATUS, A NEW
SPECIES, AND NOTES ON OTHER
SALAMANDERS
BY
JouHn Van DENBURGH
Curator, Department of Herpetology
In recent years the Academy has received specimens of four
species of salamanders which seem never to have been collected
previously in California. Three of these have been known fron
examples secured in Oregon or Washington; the fourth species
appears never to have been described. In recording these facts
opportunity is taken to publish certain other notes regarding
California salamanders.
1. Ambystoma macrodactylum Baird.
Three specimens (Nos. 39655, 39657, 39658) collected by
Dr. E. C. Van Dyke in July, 1915, near Fallen Leaf Lake, El
Dorado County, California, add a species to the known fauna
of the State. They seem to differ in no respect from others
collected in Washington.
May 12, 1916
216 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (Proc. 47H Sxn.
2. Chondrotus paroticus Baird.
I have not been able to find any previous record of the oc-
currence of this salamander in California. It is represented in
our collection by a typical specimen (No. 29108) found by
Mr. J. R. Slevin in wet earth under a stump near Requa, Del
Norte County, California, May 22-26, 1911.
3. Autodax ferreus Cope.
This salamander has been known only from the type speci-
men (U.S. N. M. No. 6794) collected by Dr. Vollen at Fort
Umpqua, Oregon. We have specimens from Elmira and
Marshfield, Oregon, and from Bayne Island, British Columbia,
as well as from Requa, Del Norte County; Alton, Trinidad,
and Carlotta, Humboldt County; and Comptche, Mendocino
County, California. Our two Requa examples (Nos. 29099
and 29102) were found by Mr. Slevin, May 22-26, 1911.
They were taken from the rotten wood of a dead tree in which
they were living some 20 feet above the ground. This species
is related to Autodax lugubris, but is quite distinct.
4. Plethodon elongatus, new species.
Diagnosis—Similar in general appearance to Plethodon
vandykei and Plethodon intermedius, but somewhat stouter ;
costal grooves 16; toes and fingers not webbed; adpressed limbs
separated by 6 or 7 costal interspaces; tail cylindro-conic, con-
siderably compressed in distal third; paratoid not developed;
a dorsal band as in P. intermedius, but obscured by the general
duskiness of coloration; lower surfaces blackish brown, relieved
with whitish dots.
Type—Cal. Acad. Sci. No. 29096, Requa, Del Norte
County, California, J. R. Slevin, May 22-26, 1911.
Material—Four specimens (Nos. 29094, 29095, 29096 and
29101) from Requa, all collected at the same time.
Description of the type—General form similar to P. inter-
medius, but with body, iimbs and tail somewhat stouter; tail
cylindro-conic, compressed laterally in posterior half, nearly
equal to length of head and body, with strong vertical grooves
Vor. VI] VAN DENBURGH—CALIFORNIA SALAMANDERS 217
nearly to tip; head somewhat depressed, about width of widest
part of body; snout rounded from above and in profile; eyes
moderate, separated anteriorly by about one and one-half times
the length of the orbital slit; nostrils small, separated by about
their distance from pupil; subnasal groove descending nearly
to margin of lip; line of lip curved downward from below eye
to end of snout; palatine teeth in two slightly curved series
beginning just behind the internal nares, converging obliquely
backward, and separated on the median line by a space greater
than the diameter of the internal nares; parasphenoid teeth
in one patch throughout, separated from the palatine teeth by
an interval equal to distance from nostril to edge of lip; inter-
nal nares small; tongue large, ovate, not emarginate, attached
along median line but free laterally and, for a short distance,
behind; neck a little narrower than body, no paratoid gland,
gular fold continued up and then forward as a groove to eye;
a groove along vertebral line from head to tail; costal grooves
between limbs 16, not continued to midline either above or be-
low; limbs a little stouter than in P. intermedius, and with
shorter digits, anterior with four and posterior with five digits;
digits rather short, with rounded ends, each with a small ter-
minal pad, inner shortest, third longest, second finger longer
than fourth, second toe shorter than fifth, third and fourth
toes nearly equal, broadly palmate, but no web; adpressed limbs
separated by about six costal folds.
The coloration is similar to that of P. intermedius, but heav-
ily clouded with black. The general color is blackish brown
above and below; a broad, lighter brown, black-edged, dorsal
band extending from snout to base of tail; lower surfaces
sprinkled with small whitish dots, which become larger on the
sides, gular region and chin.
Measurements MM.
IMMER CCN NETS 05,8 Shek Oe es Ue sos oa hg 721.36
Blip Catione me sts hae Ps oka eta halen 1,592.69
Miusettm) (ConStnuction = se: eels cel ces ec teles « 4,006.00
Calitornias Hike Esxpensea. saaes se ce cies eee acc le 72.60
Gui ToCBN 2hbor cll eb he cgumene ies Aa Reem CL is. in eee 93.45
Mioolsy and VMgquipinent..\sc ction site aja aga wales Sake 341.45
Posty Wards Purchased nay vcs accu oe siage ase: 79.30
Sundry, (Creditorsy'. os niet sce e ales ores voteive tre 38.52
Sundry Advances (Museum)! .)2 sec. cae cn ees 780.00
Gontiniwent: Chand ase he cates ad seks said ioe cone eles - 276.25
March 31, 1917, Balance Due Crocker National
Banilcaere WA e er Gee eee ie, hee tain One ea ee ahead
263
$702,235.27
$704,227.46
$ 1,992.19
RupotpH J. Taussic, Treasurer.
Examined and found correct.
McLaren, Goove & Co., Auditors.
San Francisco, Cal., April 18, 1917.
INCOME AND OPERATING EXPENSES
from April 1, 1916, to March 31, 1917:
Income
Chas. Crocker Scientific Fund Endowment In-
GAL UAy eee eee Rae Be ae he Pea less $ 1,065.74
James Lick Endowment Income................ 42,890.81
General) Income: Account... 5.110. c6 sees ee ae 20,165.03
PMS I ee ete cee tN a oe ota to's loca oak Ska 1,639.75
Expense
Salat] Go Mayer erect cele oe ruenseae cate eeeloelo we sera eins 22,425.76
Expense, General) <2. j.046-2 +000 $1,063.58
1 REY) ld bert eet era 333.11
BICERRICIE YT Wire adic ie aa)s'>inry.t 176.75
Melephone) he iat iea.c on ons 306.00
POStASE Woods tan eet omen 159.58
Stationery and Printing.. 244.99
a 2,284.01
egal Expense? cunts cite viietset tsar bBireicr case dot nya eters 1,370.00
TRISUUSALICS y wliee Ose inv nates seo eee Oats 1,266.35
Imtereste sin ees en tes estar n coma tirtot ie 21,671.97
Surplus for year 1916-17. ..,..25..0.. SNe EIT
$65,761.33
49,018.09
16,743.24
264 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
BALANCE SHEET
March 31, 1917.
Assets
Real Estate—
Marketi: Street) lotsa ven aneaietea cet naiee ese $600,000.00
Jessie Streety otis sat, «0 Netter einnllver eles 8,083.65
Commercial Buaildine os sono orsiclioe union 516,818.66
rn $1,124,902.31
Stocks—
45. Shares, Savings Union Bank and Trust
COR NSS eser a pst Hoch Sedan arenes nstarcts 10,000.00
Mitseuml! «Constructions soe emioelisaeiceie ce naeene 187,855.28
Museum—
GeneraliCollectionse i: sauseee eee eeeeee 52,583.61
Ee xploratioits sce ceiiciice heme ed ne bocce tae ee 12,906.50
‘ools cand MEquipmentwerctceee os oes cems oles 11,314.44
Wm. H. Crocker Donation—
Harallon, Islands, Bird, (Group... 542: s.. 2,318.73
W. B. Bourn Donation—
Deserty Bind: Groupie)! divis G duee se ome 2,659.31
J. D. Grant Donation—
San Joaquin Valley Bird Group....... 2,610.42
Herbert Fleishhacker Donation—
San Joaquin Valley Game Bird Group,
in, process/of ‘installation. ..:0......... 885.55
; 85,278.56
Library—
Books Jand! “Hquipment:.....s.-923252s065 14,420.74
Pali Gatiomiy mros cinta athe cr cna need e's eee aimee 10,987.89
——_—_— 25,408.63
OLicemaunnitinesseee nea eakce cote eerie. 2,543.84
Sundiry HACVancesy panes thine eaten wees eaters es 16.55
$1,436,005.17
Liabilities
Endowments—
James) Jick) Hndowment..s 24 ics bes. snes $804,902.31
Chas. Crocker Scientific Fund Endowment. 20,000.00
John W. Hendrie Endowment............. 10,000.00
——__ $ 834,902.31
John W. Hendrie Endowment Income Account 8,677.50
Alvord "Bequest, Botanical i; 0.2 hecchs es aewe 5,000.00
Herbert Fleishhacker Donation............... 1,000.00
WeilGoowirteht anda. oe ciiccm comes iecsierces 123.70
Bills Paya Dlen rca cecseacoe siesocesteees wt otoiels Gis ascin de 331,275.00
Sumeiey wOGreditOnse sic veccw lereteowtaleiae oie Sea lateusevereriall 311.28
Cash—
Overdraft with Crocker National Bank.... 1,992.19
cescm Gashuumia Saltese ctersiac tine rea sie cs eters 63.63
———- 1,928.56
SiEples ab cavn' see coostenne Bea cin os eee alent aie 252,786.82
$1,436.005.17
AUDITORS’ CERTIFICATE
We have examined the foregoing Balance Sheet, together with the books and
accounts of the CALiFoRNrA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, and in our opinion it is properly
drawn up so as to exhibit a true and correct view of the Academy’s affairs, as
shown by the books. McLaren, Goove & Co.,
San Francisco, Cal., April 17, 1917. Certified Public Accountants.
266 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 3
SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY ELK
(Cervus nannodes)
This elk, which is restricted to California, formerly ranged in great
numbers over the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys, and westward
through the Cuyama Valley into Santa Barbara County and through
Santa Clara County to the coast at Monterey.
As a result of persistent persecution the great herds became reduced
almost to extermination. A small band, the last of their race, took
refuge on the ranch of Messrs. Miller and Lux, cattlemen, in Kern
County. By the order of Mr. Henry Miller this band was rigidly pro-
ee and permitted to increase until now it numbers more than 400
head.
Recently the California Academy of Sciences, with the co-operation of
Messrs. Miller and Lux and the California Fish and Game Commission,
caught and distributed about 150 of these elk to various large public
reservations in California. The results are very encouraging and it is
believed a number of new herds will become established.
At certain seasons these elk resort to the great tule swamps; hence the
name “Tule Elk,” sometimes used to distinguish this species from the
larger elk which inhabits the more humid coast belt: north of San
Francisco.
The animals in this group were obtained in Kern County, Cal.
Group prepared under the direction of John Rowley.
Background painted by Charles Abel Corwin.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
y
ae
> ONE SS ete Bia
¥e
gee
© aleld |NNYVWYaA | IA “JOA ‘SALAS Udy “IOS “OWOV “IWWO ‘DO0Nd
G
SRA te Uy me
vi ud \ a < ae apps ry
id ROR NY Ce a eae oa eae
aha) ON 0 Wl ee
‘
; mA
268 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Sep.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 4
COLUMBIAN BLACK-TAILED DEER
(Odocoileus columbarius)
This group represents a summer scene in Mendocino County, Califor-
nia, where the deer shown were taken. At this season the deer assume
what is known as the “red coat,” which is gradually shed, changing to
the bluish coat. The hair then becomes grayer in color as it lengthens
for the winter months. In the spring the long hairs of the winter coat
are shed and again replaced by the short red coat of summer.
The horns are shed annually, usually in February and March. The
entire antler drops off from the skull at the base of the horn or “burr.”
A new horn sprouts out from the skull and, normally, develops into the
antler characteristic of the species. During the process of development
the horn is covered with skin and hair, as shown on the males of this
group. This hairy covering is known as the “velvet.” When the horn
has reached its maximum growth it gradually hardens, then the animal
rubs the antlers against trees and bushes and wears away the velvet
covering, leaving the horns hard and polished.
The common belief that a deer develops a new point on the antlers
each year and that the number of points indicates the age of the animal
is erroneous.
Group prepared under the immediate direction of John Rowley.
Background by ‘Charles Abel Corwin.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
s
ts
,
ot Pay
tp |
%
¢
“
$
oy
vy a3e\d | NNVWYSAG |
milo SaGVOVeEIo
‘O0dd
270 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 5
ROCKY MOUNTAIN MULE DEER
(Odocoileus hemionus)
This splendid deer is of wide distribution. In California it is found
in the Sierras from Kern County northward, coming to the coast in the
northern counties. The animals here shown were taken in Siskiyou
County in October.
This is the largest of the North American deer, the adult males in
prime condition weighing nearly 400 pounds.
The name “Mule Deer” is sometimes applied to this species because
of its long ears and its mule-like tail.
Group prepared under the direction of John Rowley.
Background painted by Charles Abel ‘Corwin.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
| EVERMANN | Plate 5
UE te
-
272 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 6
ANTELOPE
(Antilocapra americana)
The Antelope or Pronghorn formerly ranged in immense numbers over
the plains and valleys of North America west of the Mississippi River
from Mexico to Canada. In California great herds were found through-
out the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys and in other valleys to the
north, east and south. As a result of persistent persecution and slaugh-
ter for their hides and meat, these animals have, in most parts of their
range, been entirely exterminated. In southeastern Oregon and north-
western Nevada they are still common. In California small isolated
bands are still left. In all these States they are protected by law.
The Antelope is the only member of the hollow-horned animals which
annually sheds its horns. Only the outer shell or sheath, however, 1s
shed, and not the entire horn, as in the deer and elk.
The Antelope is also unique in not possessing dew claws or accessory
hoofs on the backs of the feet, as in the deer.
Group prepared under the direction of John Rowley.
The background was painted by Charles Abel Corwin.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
IA ‘JOA ‘S8H8S Up “IOS ‘GVOV “WO "OO0Ud
i a hoy
Asie PAY if
j
5
j
274 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4tm Ser.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 7
DESERT MOUNTAIN SHEEP
(Ovis nelsoni)
This species of mountain sheep or bighorn is found in the desert
mountains of southern California and adjacent parts of Nevada, Arizona
and Mexico. The animals in this group were taken in December, 1913,
in the San Jacinto Mountains, Riverside County, California.
The slender horns of the females have given rise to the mistaken
belief that the Ibex—an animal found only in Europe and Asia—is found
in America.
The story that mountain sheep sometimes jump from high precipices
and alight on their horns is entirely erroneous, and is on a par with the
hoopsnake, sea serpent and other similar stories.
In the desert mountains water is usually scarce, and the mountain
sheep frequently eat the barrel cactus, the pulpy interior of which con-
tains a large percentage of water; and this no doubt enables the sheep
to go for long periods without drinking.
This group was prepared under the immediate direction of John Rowley.
The background was painted by Charles Abel Corwin.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
Z eld [NNVWYSAS | \ “JOA ‘S8eS UI “IOS “GVOV “VO Yd
276 : CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 8
MOUNTAIN LION
(Felis oregonensis)
The Mountain Lion, in its various forms, is found from Patagonia
to Canada, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific. In different parts of
its range it is known by different names, as Panther, “Painter,” Cougar,
etc.
Although not so common as formerly, it is still plentiful in certain
sections of California, especially in the northern part of the State. The
animals in this group were taken in Humboldt County. The Mountain
Lion is the largest of the North American cats. It is very destructive
to deer and certain domestic animals, particularly colts and sheep. It
has been estimated that each lion in California kills on an average one
deer a week throughout the year. So destructive is it that the State
pays a bounty of $20.00 each for its capture. Up to June 30, 1916, the
State had paid bounties on 2,534 lions.
Although the Mountain Lion is looked upon as a very fierce animal
and more or less of a menace to human beings, it is really a very wary
animal, and instances of its attacking man are rare indeed. It is gen-
erally easy to tree, even with a cur dog, and chasing it with dogs is the
method usually employed in its capture.
Group prepared under the direction of John Rowley.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
f EVERMANN } Plate 8
Hr a PLASC
\ ie Til
1 te
MSA
Dia!
AU
at i
} i
f My
Ay A
mele Pd at
aint te ewe)
; wh
i) ey is
va 7
4]
Bis Xi
ni
, , :
CPR Coren } tf { ami h 4
ra | Lae aie / . -
W ent his) i . a |
i 7 ms ny fe ; _ x vi)
1 OC Ee sn ee eT Pe
7
orn 7 i
trey \
278 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (Proc. 41m Ser.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 9
NORTHWESTERN BLACK BEAR
(Ursus americanus altifrontalis)
The Black Bear in its various forms ranges generally from the Atlantic
to the Pacific and from northern Mexico to Alaska. The specimens in
this group were taken in Humboldt County, California.
In California, as elsewhere, the Black Bear may be either black or
brown. In some instances both black and brown cubs are found in the
same litter, and with either a black or a brown mother. Brown bears
are sometimes confused with the Grizzly, which is now believed to be
extinct in California.
Black bears occasionally kill sheep and pigs, but they live chiefly on
nuts, roots and berries. Grubs, worms and insects also enter largely
into their menu.
As a rule the Black Bear is a wary animal and will rarely or never
attack a man unless wounded or cornered.
From one to four cubs (usually one or two) are produced in a litter.
The cubs are usually born in January (in California) and are helpless
little creatures; their eyes, like those of puppies and kittens, are closed
and do not open for some time. They have no teeth and are almost
naked. Although the mother bear may weigh three or four hundred
pounds, the whole litter of cubs will weigh less than a pound. The cubs
shown in this group were about two months old when taken.
Group prepared under the direction of John Rowley.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
Fldale
[ EVERMANN ]
280 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47 Ser.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 10
LEOPARD SEAL
(Phoca richardi geronimensis)
These interesting seals are fairly common in many places along the
California coast, particularly in the bays. Unlike the fur seals which
are highly polygamous, the harbor seals are monogamous. On the Cali-
fornia coast the young are born in April and. May; one pup is the rule.
These seals are not migratory, nor are they as gregarious as other seals.
They are comparatively silent, not making a loud roaring or barking as
sea lions do. They are fond of basking in the sun, especially at low tide.
On the land they are clumsy creatures. They move by pulling themselves
forward by their foreflippers; in swimming the hind flippers do most of
the work. The rookery here shown is at Cypress Point, near Pacific
Grove, California, where the animals were obtained.
Group prepared under the direction of John Rowley.
The background was painted by Charles Bradford Hudson.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
OT ald LNNVWHSAS | IA “OA ‘Salas yy “IOS ‘GVOV “1VWO ‘00Ud
yo
Lemar)
iB) ‘o-
i ei a 1 f
en ie |
. f
: i; Py . |
282 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
EXPLANATION, PuateE 11
CALIFORNIA SEA LION
(Zalophus californianus)
This sea lion occurs on the sea coast and islands of California from
San Francisco southward, breeding in many places, particularly on the
Santa Barbara Islands. The rookery here shown is on Santa Cruz
Island.
Owing to their intelligence and small size this is the species of sea
lion that is commonly trained and shown in zoological gardens and
elsewhere. The males are darker in eslor than the females, and are
sometimes called black sea lions. Anc‘ner characteristic of the male of
this species is the great development of the bony crest on the top of the
skull.
In early days sea lions were killed by thousands on the California
coast for their hides and oil, but they have now become so reduced in
numbers that sealing is no longer profitable. Sea lions as well as leopard
seals are now protected on the California coast both by the State and
Federal Governments. Among sealers the males are called “bulls,” the
females “cows,” and the young “pups.” The breeding season is from
June to August, only during which time the males are found on the rook-
eries; at other times they go off in bands or singly living their lonely
life.
Group prepared under the direction of John Rowley.
Background painted by Worth Ryder.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
LT old [NNVWYSAS | IA “OA ‘S885 Uy
Vi
ue, i 1 ‘ ie i
ied biel Apt!
ie ey ith ny , fay h Ay
Ay oe van Ayana
é ah,
f
A
4 Hy i YT PPL Fe : ' f
ct} Ve i i
BeiiD Wii)
ON MPRA PL 1
ma) ru + oe j ae
7 ’ ] Wiy ae @ |
hi
hin
" i
ta
284 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES {Proc. 4TH Ser.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 12
STELLER'’S SEA, ‘LION
(Eumetopias stelleri)
This magnificent animal ranges from the Santa Barbara Islands north-
ward into Bering Sea. Formerly very abundant, persistent killing for its
hides and oil has reduced its numbers greatly. Within the last few years
they have entirely ceased breeding on the famous Seal Rocks near the
Cliff House at the Golden Gate. A few individuals still resort to these
rocks, but they no longer breed there.
These animals reach a large size. The adult bull shown in the group
weighed 1,810 pounds. There is a great difference in size between the
sexes, the females being not more than half as large as the males.
Fishermen almost without exception claim that the sea lions are very
destructive to the commercial fisheries. This is probably true at certain
seasons and in some localities, but investigations have not fully sustained
the charge.
The breeding season of this species on the California coast is the latter
half of June. One young is produced at a birth.
The noise made by the Steller Sea Lion is a loud roar, resembling
that of a real lion; this, together with the long yellowish hair of the
necks of the bulls, doubtless suggested the name sea lion.
This group shows the breeding rookeries on Afio Nuevo Island just
south of San Francisco.
Group prepared under the immediate direction of John Rowley.
Background painted by Charles Abel Corwin.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
ZL a€id [NNVWYSAGS | IA “JOA ‘S8148S YP “IOS ‘GVOV “1VO0 ‘O0dd
286 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (Proc. 47H Ser.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 13
CALIFORNIA RACCOON AND STRIPED SKUNK
(Procyon psora and Mephitis occidentalis)
This Raccoon is found throughout most parts of California, it being
especially abundant in the heavily timbered country along the coast.
The Coon breeds in hollow trees, in holes in the rocks, in blind ditches,
and even on the ground in tule swamps.
Coons are omnivorous; they eat shellfish, frogs, fish, and corn; they
sometimes enter hen houses and kill and devour chickens.
In the South the negroes are very fond of the Raccoon, regarding its
flesh as a delicacy. The Raccoon ranks third in value among the fur
bearers of California.
The species of skunk shown in this group occurs throughout northern
California except in the warmer interior valleys from Monterey north-
ward.
The skunk brings forth its young in holes in the ground, beneath
buildings, in stone piles or in hollow logs. They feed largely on insects,
but will eat flesh of any kind, including chickens.
As a fur bearer the skunk is among the most valuable in the United
States. In some States skunk farming has become a profitable industry.
Group prepared under the direction of John Rowley.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
AO NG Ly
te ne O/
bi
aie
Bs i?
aia
288 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 14
COYOTE
(Canis ochropus)
The Coyote, in its various forms, ranges throughout the United States
west of the Mississippi and from Mexico to Canada. In California four
species or subspecies are recognized. The one shown here occurs west
of the high Sierras and south to the Mexican line. It is still only too
abundant in many places. The family shown in this group was obtained
in Moraga Valley near Mount Diablo, which is shown in the background.
The Coyote is very destructive to sheep, young pigs and poultry. Be-
cause of its great sagacity and nocturnal predatory habits, it has always
been a great nuisance to the stock and poultry raiser. Because of this
and its destructiveness to the smaller wild animals, especially birds, a
bounty is paid for its capture in many counties of California.
In the colder parts of its range the Coyote develops a good coat of
fur and the pelts have a fair commercial value.
Group prepared under the direction of John Rowley.
Background painted by Maurice G. Logan.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
VERMANN | Plate 14
ie
290 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Ser.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 15
FARALLON ISLANDS BIRD ROOKERY
In this group, presented to the California Academy of Sciences by
Hon. Wm. H. Crocker, are shown the ten species of sea birds and the
one land bird (the little rock wren) that breed on the Farallon Islands.
These rocky islands are about thirty miles off the Golden Gate, from
which they may be seen on any clear day. Thousands of sea birds resort
to these cliffs to lay their eggs and rear their young, one of the most
common species being the Western Gull, which, during the rest of the
year, is very abundant about San Francisco, following the ferry boats
across the bay.
Until a few years ago thousands of Murre’s eggs were brought each
year from these rookeries and sold in San Francisco to the bakeries
and pastry shops. The islands are now a Federal reservation and the
birds and their eggs are rigidly protected.
The species of birds shown in this group are the following: Tufted
Puffin, Brandt’s Cormorant, Baird’s Cormorant, Farallon Cormorant,
Pigeon Guillemot, Western Gull, California Murre, Ashy Petrel, Keding’s
Petrel, Cassin’s Auklet, and Rock Wren, the last being the only land bird
that breeds on these islands.
Group prepared under the direction of Paul J. Fair.
Background painted by Maurice G. Logan.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
S dl
Het) 2 *
IE nd
GI a1eid [ NNVWYSAZ | PAIS, SPL2S UY SOS GN ee ee ee
tA
NOR
* hk if i ral t
f “
*h |
X,
Cae
t
a
7
y i} ¥
Pie Py
mA )e)
K i ae 1
Us ; y
ig ay Gita
on . 7 ;
1 De
mo i
i
ean
Ly aed
iw)
,
- |
oe.)
van
ae au ia) | :
an
oe
it
Tuy)
7 hue
ay
ui
292 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (Proc. 4TH Ser.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 16
SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY BIRD GROUP
In the spring and early summer it is the practice of the cattlemen of
the San Joaquin Valley to flood their land with water, to a depth of six
to eighteen inches, to induce a ranker growth of grass for pasture. Many
thousand acres are thus flooded and converted into marsh land, to which
vast numbers of ducks, waders and other swamp-loving birds are at-
tracted. During the breeding season great numbers of birds resort there
to build their nests, lay their eggs, and rear their young. These breed-
ing grounds are frequented by more than thirty species of birds. Among
those shown in this group, which shows a typical breeding ground near
Los Banos, Merced County, California, are the Fulvous Tree Duck, Cin-
namon Teal, Shoveler, Redhead Duck, Coot, American Bittern, Least Bit-
tern, Glossy Ibis, Avocet, Black-necked Stilt, Killdeer, Red-winged Black-
bird, Yellow-headed Blackbird, Tule Wren, Little Black Tern, Forster’s
Tern, and the Virginia Rail. In order to show in a limited area a con-
siderable number of species it was necessary to bunch the birds a little
more closely than they actually occur in nature.
Presented to the Museum of the California Academy of Sciences by
Hon. Joseph D. Grant.
te group was prepared under the immediate direction of Paul J.
air.
The background was painted by Maurice G. Logan.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
& /
QT eld [NNVWYSAS | IA “JOA ‘Sal
a
Os ee if
Ls
_ ©
; i yr it
Pena, A
he
iN) i he ‘ay re oy a 11 On A : gyitge CY y ‘a mi A
) Be yl Nd Wy rs ci9 in eats) ts rate ;
ae Ae be A ayy ae i iat i wy a) ats em Ml la a } ? ‘ y : +5 7 iat "
ie Li Coie Ate
f hie hen i ; an a
OO i Sn ae! aay
Hb te tay 0 Oe 0) ean | rere :
{9 ie. i ' tis Fj D ’ : : y
i ) i
a
.
~1
iw
j
y}
| ; ; a “|
te f He ‘ as Con ldiig Ret Pacey oe sou : :
Jalen wisi fa oh Petit i 7a } vy, i i v fh
| AC 48 op Crete soa fof re we
Be: ahi eae Tl ; viene i : Ct le | i,
ty yy aa MEATY iy: : 4 t] i f aN Re ae 7 : Vr ;
OO : a ee Uae Fi Me Uy Oe
aan : ; i AG ea pn ;
( , Wie! ; { M ' \ My Nath aa mn in } i
v : : ie : » ; i ! vy), hi Gy \ :
A ‘ A Oh [ "hy j ‘ o i c Pa eA ‘ Ay
i oh iu bbe ‘ ,) x TA f ; : an : 7 . ; : 5 a " ie mit 1 HA i cat i Wi aay
. Au a Pai Te, a ial Ad | iad : 7 i < : if 7 4 ath HW ea hs ee a ta i i) ce Nome ly ny ‘ 9
as i, il ern it i aie id) HAM aah teee DL uae ee a, Hiss ) my ut , ib is Ato tala
: ye ley as Fi fanny ) 7 : Pa Cee i ' : I 7 Viet
Dae may fx) i : ray ; Wenn hunt ; ae’
Niiyau; | Re tA Rae é in hr re ni fi :
U : ‘ i i 7 ‘+ A : 7 : Me 7 2 .
my pe i ig Ly cat Payne ‘) y ‘i ; , ;
1 ' "| ee i ted wt 7 f ee a ae ni 7 ‘0 7 ee
rhea mae 7 os Phy i ae ?
(p> i ie) " ij f li) uety
} Aa yw | sh) te viens ipo ‘ i
ree oy, ‘2 (aie, 1 Ar ie ‘ an YBa {
' ba vA 1 P i j r st wae 7 ei i, : iy) 1} os !
il ’ TN ty oa Pee a aye
; iy < Ps a | J v | } wd | y j : “ul ly 1) Mm il ”)
ate mei ei oh " ‘4 ia Wy ral a ; wi : , I iis Wh 1 ey pl
‘1 } , s 1 Uae tay {
Deh Laer a en A | A ae
rh vi nny ; Y ny i \ , i ate 7 a) alte Le ; f ¥ *| \ |
’ vt iv | aa A mr oY aN ny " pane i Ap. Bi ti Pal i |
FILA APS Dns Ua BD) ihe, : : P lab get
bots f) A ir. : hil in » A s Mi St ie Ne
j i ee nen Wheat At) ade eal 16) +e Ny A Af!
: wh pi ii ; i) ’ ; } ;
MeN aga tet ow Bae |
e! / LAY ; i ve a u ‘ YI } : *
x t ay i! a PPR ts Syst 7 oa
ema Ay he yy iu ivy st AWE? . } 7 iv :
294 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser.
EXPLANATION, PLATE 17
DESERT ‘BIRD ‘GROUP
In this group, presented to the California Academy of Sciences by
Hon. Wm. B. Bourn, are shown, under natural surroundings, several
species of the birds that nest in the Colorado and Mohave deserts of
southern California. The particular locality represented is near Cotton-
wood Springs, 26 miles northeast of Mecca, Riverside County, California.
The spring rains transform the desert into a veritable flower garden,
and many and varied forms of vegetation send forth an astonishing
amount of beautiful bloom. Then is the nesting time of the birds, which
are there in surprising numbers, some of them, as the Hooded Oriole
and the Vermilion Flycatcher, rivaling the flowers in brilliancy of colora-
tion.
The total number of species of birds nesting in this part of the Colo-
rado desert is more than a score, and some species, as Gambel’s Quail,
are very abundant. The nests, however, are usually widely scattered
except in the vicinity of water.
The following species of birds are shown in this group: Phainopepla,
Costa’s Hummingbird, Mourning Dove, White-rumped Shrike, Plumbeous
Gnatcatcher, Lincoln Sparrow, Western Mockingbird, Texas Woodpecker,
Desert Sparrowhawk, Vermilion Flycatcher, Bullock’s Oriole, Arizona
Hooded Oriole, Roadrunner, Cactus Wren, House Finch, Texas Night-
hawk, Gambel’s Quail, Desert Sparrow, Leconte’s Thrasher, Arkansas
Kingbird, Verdin and Abert’s Towhee. The principal plants shown are:
The Palo Verde, Spanish Bayonet, Deerhorn Cactus, Prickly Pear Cactus,
Barrel Cactus, Ocatilla, and the Smoke Tree or Palo Blanco.
Group prepared under the immediate direction of Paul J. Fair.
Background painted by Charles Bradford Hudson.
Photo by Gabriel Moulin.
hee
LI ateld | NNVWYSAS |
INDEX TO VOLUME VI, FOURTH SERIES.
New names in heavy-faced type.
Aecessions to Museum and Library
1916, 246-250
Acila conradi, 32, 35
gettysburgensis, 30, 31, 35, 50,
51
washingtonensis, 11
Acila gettysburgensis zone, 28, 29, 30,
33, 44
acutilineatus, Phacoides, 29, 30, 31, 32,
36, 44, 50, 51
zquisuleatum, Phalium, 32, 39
affinis, Orthotylus, 89, 114, 128
Agasoma gravidum, 33
albaria, Spisula, 31, 32, 51
alockamenensis, Pecten, 36
alpestris, Otocoris, 55
altifrontalis, Ursus americanus, 278
alveata, Amauropsis, 12
Alvord, William, 232
Amauropsis alveata, 12
Ambloxus olequahensis, 12
Amblystoma tenebrosum, 221
Ambystoma, 221
macrodactylum, 215
americana, Antilocapra, 272
American Ornithologists Union, 84
americanus altifrontalis, Ursus, 278
Amphissa eocenica, 12
packardi, 12
Ampullina mississippiensis, 42
oregonensis, 38, 51
new species, 29, 38
Ancillaria bretzi, 12
Anderson, F. M., 241, 246
andersoni, Macrocallista, 11
Nassa, 39
angulatus brunneus, Orthotylus, 116,
a la thr
Diommatus, 116
Orthotylus, 89, 115, 116, 117
angustata, Aturia, 32, 40, 42, 51
annulatus, Phacoides, 36
Anomia subcostata, 35
Anoplura, A Catalogue and Host List
of the, 129-205
Index to, 206-213
Antelope Group, 272
Anthony, A. W., 79
Antilocapra americana, 272
apicalis, Lygus, 105
aragonia, Tellina, 37
Areca montereyana, 32, 37
trilineata, 32, 35
species, 51
Arca montereyana zone, 27, 31, 33, 43
arctata, Tellina, 32, 37
Argentine Government, 246
Argobuccinum cammani, 32, 38
coosense, 38
Arnold, Dr. Ralph, 2, 3, 15, 20, 21, 22,
26, 42
arnoldi, Chlorostoma, 38
Nassa, 39
Artemesia, 96
astori, Macoma, 32, 36
astoriana, Hemithyris, 40, 51
Astyris, species, 42
Aturia angustata, 32, 40, 42, 51
mathewsonii, 14
new species, 14
Autodax ferreus, 216
lugubris, 216
Avicula pellucida, 11
bairdi, Chrysodomus, 38
Baker, Prof. Carl F., 116
Barbatia morsei, 11
species, 2
Barber, H. G., 97
Barron, George Haviland, 239
Bathytoma bogachieli, 38
gabbiana, 38
Bear Group, Northwestern Black, 278
Bendire, C., 70, 84
Bewick Wren, The Pacific Coast Races
of the, 53-85
bewicki, Thryomanes, 53-85
biguttatus, Orthotylus, 89
biplicata, Cuma, 38 -
Bird Group, Desert, 294
Farallon Islands, 290
San Joaquin Valley, 292
bisculpta, Chione, 35
bisecta, Thyasira, 29, 30, 31, 37, 44,
51
Bittium lincolnensis, 29, 38
Blakeley horizon, 28
blakeleyensis, Turritella, 30, 31, 40,
5L
bogachieli, Bathytoma, 38
Buccinium, 38
Botany, Dept. of, 238, 251, 252, 253
Bourn, William B., 224, 227, 233, 237,
290
Brachiopoda, 11, 28, 40, 51
Brachysphingus clarki, 12, 28, 29, 38
Brachyuran remains, 40
bretzi, Ancillaria, 12
brevidens, Cyrene, 11
brewerii, Cardium, 11
brunneus, Orthotylus, 89, 116, 117,
118, 120, 128
Orthotylus angulatus, 116, 117
296 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
Buccinium bogachieli, 38
Bursa cowlitzensis, 12
washingtoniana, 12
Bush-tits, 55, 66
Buwalda, Dr. John P., 224
buwaldana, Fasciolaria, 13
Cadulus pusillus, 12
calcarea, Macoma, 36
California Botanical Club, 246
California Raccoon and Striped Skunk
Group, 286
California Sea Lion Group, 282
California, University of, 246
californianus, Zalophus, 282
Callista, species, 2
Calliostoma cammani, 38
delazinensis, 38
stantoni, 38
calophonus, Thryomanes bewicki, 56,
60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 81
Calyptraea excentrica, 12, 38
filosa, 38
inornata, 38
washingtonensis, 29, 38
Calyptrophorus, species, 2
cammani, Argobuccinum, 32, 38
Calliostoma, 38
Turris, 40
Campbell, Mrs. Marian L., 251
Cancellaria condoni, 32, 38
dalliana, 32, 38
stantoni, 12
washingtonensis, 38
wynoochensis, 38
new species, 29
candidatus, Orthotylus, 89, 124
Canis ochropus, 288
Cantharus perrini, 12.
Cardium brewerii, 11
cooperii, 11
coosense, 35
lincolnensis, 28, 35
lorenzanum, 28, 29, 30, 35, 44,
50, 51
meekianum, 32, 35
olequahensis, 11
vaquerosensis, 35
species, 2
Carlson, John I., 246
Cassis, species, 2
catalinae, Thryomanes bewicki, 61, 62,
78, 79, 81
Catalogue (A) and Host List of the
Anoplura, 129-213
catheartensis, Chione, 35, 51
eatilliformis, Spisula, 37
catulus, Orthotylus, 88, 106, 128
Cephalopoda, 14, 40, 51
Cervus nannodes, 266
[Proc. 4TH Ser.
charienturus, Thryomanes bewicki, 53,
56, 57, 60, 61, 62, 63, 66, 67, 68,
COTO iL. em Arent Os nm eiCgnntas
79, 81, 83
Chastain, James, 246
chehalisensis, Drillia, 38
Ficus, 39
Leda, 35, 51
Malletia, 29, 30, 36, 44
Venericardia, 37
China, Govt. of, 246
Chione bisculpta, 35
catheartensis, 35, 51
chehalisensis, 25
clallamensis, 35
montesanoensis, 35
olympidea, 35
securis, 32, 35
vespertina, 35, 51
chlorionis, Orthotylus, 88, 98, 99, 128
Chlorostoma arnoldi, 38
Chondrotus, 221
paroticus, 216
Chrysodomus bairdi, 38
clallamensis, 38
giganticus, 38
imperalis, 32, 38
maxfieldi, 38
cinereus, Plethodon, 220
clallamensis, Chione, 35
Chrysodomus, 38
Ficus, 32, 39
Macoma, 36
Pecten, 42
Pisania, 39
Venus, 32
Clark, George A., 224
clarki, Brachysphingus, 12, 28, 29, 38
clausa, Polynices, 39
Clemens, Chaplain Joseph C., 246
Mrs. Joseph C., 246
clement, Pipilo maculatus, 62
coagulatus, Orthotylus, 88, 95, 96,
102, 128
Coleman, R. A., 246
eoli, Turris, 40
columbarius, Odocoileus, 268
Columbella gausapata, 38
Columbian Black-Tailed Deer Group,
268
compacta, Orassatellites, 11
condoni, Cancellaria, 32, 38
Epitonium, 38
Mytilus, 36
congesta, Tellina, 37
conradi, Acila, 32, 35
Dentalium, 20, 32, 37, 51
Nucula, 51
Solen, 37
Vou. VI.J
conradiana, Macrocallista, 11
Conus cowlitzensis, 13
hornii, 12
remondii, 13
weaveri, 13
species, 2
Cook, Melville T., 246
Coombs, Mrs. A. L., 246
Cooper, Dr. J. G., 68, 219, 220
cooperii, Cardium, 11
cooperii, Dentalium, 2
coosense, Argobuecinum, 38
Cardium, 35
coosensis, Pecten, 32, 36
Turris, 40
Corbicula cowlitzensis, 11
corbiculatum, Gyrineum mediocre, 39
Corbula hornii, 11
new species, 11
species, 2
Corwin, Charles Abel, 266, 268, 270,
272, 274, 284
costata, Cylichna, 12
cowlitzensis, Bursa, 12
Conus, 13
Corbicula, 11
Crassatellites, 11, 28, 35
Ficopsis, 13
Lunatia, 13, 29
Murex, 13
Nerita, 13
Pecten, 12
Sureula, 14
Coyote Group, 288
Crassatellites compacta, 11
cowlitzensis, 11, 28, 35
dalli, 11
grandis, 11
merriami, 11
washingtoniana, 11, 28, 29, 35
species, 2
erassulus, Plethodon, 218, 219, 220
Crenella porterensis, 28, 29, 30, 35,
51
Crepidula pileum, 12
praerupta, 31, 32, 38, 51
princeps, 38
new species, 12
croceater, Plethodon, 219, 220, 221
Crocker, Hon. William H., 224, 227,
230, 237, 246, 290
cruciatus, Orthotylus, 89, 119, 128
Crustacea, 40
Cryptomya oregonensis, 35
washingtoniana, 35
Cuma biplicata, 38
cuneata, Lopidea, 123
cuneatus, Orthotylus, 89, bs by oe |
curtus, Solen, 28, 37, 51
Cylichna costata, 12
INDEX
297
Cylichnella petrosa, 38
Cymatium pacificum, 38
Cyrene brevidens, 11
Dall, Dr. W. H., 21, 42
dalli, Crassatellites, 11
Nucula, 36
Pitaria, 28, 29, 36
dalliana, Cancellaria, 32, 38
Dana, James D., 20
Deer Group, Columbian Black-Tailed,
266
Deer Group, Rocky Mountain Mule,
268
delazinensis, Calliostoma, 38
densata, Mulinia, 32
Dentalium conradi, 29, 32, 37, 51
cooperi, 2
stramineum, 12, 28, 37
Desert Bird Group, 294
Desert Mountain Sheep Group, 274
Desert Wren, 63, 83
diaboli, Semele, 12
diaphanus, Orthotylus, 89
Dicamptodon, 221
ensatus, 221
dichotomus, Septifer, 12
Dickerson, Dr. Roy E., 3, 15, 225, 241,
247, 255
dickersoni, Exilia, 13, 28, 29, 39
dilleri, Thracia, 2, 12
Diommatus, subgenus, 107
angulatus, 116
Diplodonta parilis, 82, 35
polita, 11
directus, Modiolus, 30, 51
Mytilus, 36
Dorne, Mrs. Nelly Waterhouse, 247
dorsalis, Orthotylus, 89, 103, 106, 107,
109, 110, 112, 113, 115, 120, 128
dorsalis group, 89
Drake, ©. J., 247
drakei, Pachyhilus, 14
Drillia chehalisensis, 38
hecoxi, 29, 30
ornata, 13
stanfordensis, 29, 44
drymoecus, Thryomanes bewicki, 53,
56, 60, 61, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69,
70, 72, 75, 82
Dunne, Peter F., 224
Durden, H. S., 247
Eastwood, Miss Alice, 247, 251
Echinodermata, 40
Edwards, Dr. Charles Lincoln, 224
Elk Group, San Joaquin Valley, 266
elongata, Rimella, 14
elongatus, Plethodon, 216, 219
Englehardt, G. P., 120
English, W. A., 247
298 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
ensatus, Dicamptodon, 221
Triton, 221
Entomology, Dept. of, 239, 260, 261
Eocene of Lower Cowlitz River Valley,
Washington, 1
eocenica, Amphissa, 11
Glycimeris, 11
landesi, Glycimeris, 11
Epitonium condoni, 38
rugiferum, 39
washingtonensis, 39
species, 51
Erato, species, 42
eremophilus, Thryomanes bewicki, 56,
57, 60, 615) 62) 163; 570; Tl, 73, “75;
Mic O G0, Si .0G2) 83.) 04
erythronotus, Plethodon, 220
Essig, Prof. EH. O., 225
etchegoinensis, Thais, 40
Eudolium petrosum, 30, 31, 39, 50, 51
Eulima smithi, 39
washingtoniana, 39
Eumetopias stelleri, 284
Evermann, Dr. Barton W., 225
Report of the Director of the
Museum for the Year 1916,
229-263
excentrica, Calyptraea, 12, 38
Exhibits, Dept. of, 240
Exilia dickersoni, 13, 28, 29, 39
perkinsiana, 13
Fair, Paul J., 245, 290, 292, 294
falcifer, Pipilo maculatus, 56
Farallon Islands Bird Rookery, 290
Fasciolaria buwaldana, 13
washingtoniana, 13
Felis oregonensis, 276
ferox, Orthotylus, 88, 94, 128
ferreus, Autodax, 216
Ferris, G. F., 129
fettkei, Melania, 13
Ostraea, 11
Ficopsis cowlitzensis, 13
remondii, 13
Ficus chehalisensis, 39
clallamensis, 32, 39
mamillatus, 13
oregonensis, 39
wynoochensis, 39
new species, 13
Field, C. F., 247
filosa, Calyptraea, 38
Fisher, Dr. Walter K., 225, 294
Fitzhugh, William M., 232
flavipunctatus, Plethodon, 221
flavosparsus group, 88
flavosparsus, Orthotylus, 88, 94, 96,
97, 99, 106, 128
Foraminifera, 40
formosus, Orthotylus, 89, 103, 108,
122, 124
[Proc. 4TH Ser.
Four Species of Salamanders new to
the State of California, with a De-
scription of Plethodon elongatus, a
New Species, and Notes on other
Salamanders, 215-221
fraternus, Orthotylus, 88, 99, 128
fresnoensis, Turris, 40, 51
Frost, ©. A., 119
fucanus, Pecten, 32, 36
fumidus, Orthotylus, 89, 127
Fusinus stanfordensis, 32
species, 51
Fusus lewisensis, 13
washingtoniana, 13
willisi, 13
species, 2
gabbi, Glycimeris, 35
Leda, 11
Molopophorus, 36, 39
Pseudocardium, 36
gabbiana, Bathytoma, 38
gabbii, Scutella, 32, 40
Galeodea washingtoniana, 13
tuberculata, 13
galianoi, Polynices, 39
Gasteropoda, 12, 29, 38, 51
gausapata, Columbella, 38
generosa, Panope, 30, 31, 32, 50, 51
geronimensis, Phocarichardi, 280
Gester, G. C., 258
gettysburgensis, Acila, 30, 31, 35, 50,
51
gettysburgensis zone, Acila, 28, 30, 44
Gibbs, Miss Lena, 259
Giffard, W. M., 247
giganticus, Chrysodomus, 38
Gillette, Prof., 116
Glycimeris eocenica, 11
eocenica landesi, 11
gabbi, 35
sagittata, 11
species, 2, 42
Gnaphalium uliginosum, 106
Gordon, W. A., 247
grandis, Crassatellites, 11
Grant, Hon. Joseph D., 224, 227, 233,
248, 292
gravidum, Agasoma, 33
Grinnell, Fordyce, 248
Grinnell, Dr. Joseph, 53, 64, 65, 76,
78, 79, 82, 84, 85, 225
Grove, Mrs. James, 248
Grunsky, Hon. C. E., 223-227
Report of the President of the
Academy for the Year 1916
Gyrineum mediocre corbiculatum, 39
sylviaensis, 39
Hannibal, Harold, 3, 15, 22, 26, 42
Hawaii, Govt. of, 248
hecoxi, Drillia, 29, 30
Vor. VI.J
Hemifusus lewisiana, 13
sopenahensis, 13
tejonensis, 13
washingtoniana, 13, 29, 39
washingtonianus, 28
hemionus, Odocoileus, 270
Hemiptera, 87-128 (see Orthotylus)
Hemithyris astoriana, 40, 51
Hemphill, Henry, 232, 256, 258
Hendrie, John W., 232
Henry, J. K., 248
Herpetology, Dept. of, 240, 294
Heyer, Mrs. H. C., 248
Holm, Adolph, 248
Holway, Prof. R. S., 225
Hosmer, Mrs. Charlotte, 224
Horned Larks, 55
hornii, Conus, 12
Corbula, 11
Meretrix, 11
Psammobia, 12
Tellina, 12
Venericardia planicosta, 12
Howell, A. B., 53
Hubbard, Samuel, 248
Hunt, H. H., 248
idriaensis, Ostrea, 12, 36
imperalis, Chrysodoma, 32, 38
impressa, Yoldia, 37, 51
inconspicuus, Orthotylus, 89
Index to Anoplura, 206-213
indurata, Miopleiona, 31, 39, 42, 51
inflatus, Modiolus, 36, 50, 51
inornata, Calyptraea, 38
Placunanomia, 12
Pseudoliva, 14
insignis, Orthotylus, 88, 92, 128
intermedius, Plethodon, 216-220
Invertebrate Paleontology, 241, 255,
256, 257, 258
Invertebrate Zoology, 241, 255, 258
Jordan, Dr. David Starr, 230
Junco oreganus pinosus, 56
Kelly, Mrs. G. Earle, 251, 253
Kelly, James H., 248
Kew, W. S. W., 258
kineaidi, Tellina, 37
Klapp, Jesse R., 248
Knight, H. H., 103, 110, 122, 123,
126, 127
knighti, Orthotylus, 121
Kofoid, Prof. C. A., 225
Kusche, August, 248
Labopidia nigripes, 93
landesi eocenica, Glycimeris, 11
Pecten, 2, 11
Pseudocardium, 36
languidus, Orthotylus, 89, 107, 128
Lark, Horned, 55
INDEX
299
lateralis,
121, 1238, 124
Lectures, 224, 225, 237
Leda chehalisensis, 35, 51
gabbii, 11
lincolnensis, 28, 35
ochsneri, 32, 35
penita, 35
uvasana, 28, 29, 35
vaderensis, 11
Leonard, M. D., 123
Leopard Seal Group, 280
leucophrys, Thryomanes bewicki,
62, 78, 79, 81
leucophrys nuttalli, Zonotrichia, 56
lewisensis, Fusus, 13
lewisiana, Hemifusus, 13
lewisii, Polynices, 39
Library, 242
Accessions to
225, 243-250
Report of, 259
Lick, James, 224, 232
limula, Pteria, 2
Lincoln horizon, 28
lincolnensis, Bittium, 29, 38
Cardium, 28, 35
Leda, 28, 35
Molopophorus, 29, 36
Ostreae, 28
Polynices, 39
Solen, 12
Strepsidura, 29, 40
Surcula, 29, 40
lincolnensis zone, Molopophorus,
33, 44
Liomesus suleatus, 39
Lion Group, Mountain, 276
Logan, Maurice G., 288, 290, 292
longa, Meretrix, 11
Tellina, 12
Loomis, L. M., 248
Lopidea cuneata, 123
lorenzanum, Cardium, 28, 29, 30,
44, 50
Lowe, Prof. & Mrs. T. S., 232
lugubris, Autodax, 216
Lunatia cowlitzensis, 13, 29
nuciformis, 13
washingtonensis, 13
species, 2, 42
Lygus, 88
apicalis, 105
Macoma astori, 32, 36
calearea, 36
clallamensis, 36
moliana, 36
montesanoensis, 36
nasuta, 35
secta, 35
wynootcheensis, 36
Orthotylus, 89, 119, 120,
61,
Museum and,
300 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
Macrocallista andersoni, 11
conradiana, 11
pittsburgensis, 28, 29, 35
vaderensis, 11
vespertina, 30, 31, 36, 50, 51
macrodactylus, Ambystoma, 215
maculatus clements#, Pipilo, 62
faleifer, Pipilo, 56
Mailliard, John W., 53, 237, 248
Mailliard, Joseph, 53, 76, 85, 224
Male genital hooks of the species of
Orthotylus, Fig. 1, 128
Malletia chehalisensis, 29, 30, 36, 44
mamillatus, Ficus, 13
Mammalogy, Dept. of, 242
Marcia oregonensis, 29, 30, 31, 32, 35,
50, 51
quadrata, 11
marginatus, Orthotylus, 89, 112, 128
Marginella, species, 42
marinensis, Thryomanes bewicki, 53,
56, 60, 61, 64, 65, 66, 69, 70, 72,
ThERy teil
marshalli, Ranella, 39
Martin, Bruce, 248
martini, Neritina, 13
Maskew, Frederick, 224
mathewsonii, Aturia, 14
Mytilus, 36
Olivella, 14
Tellina, 12
maxfieldi, Chrysodomus, 38
McAllister, Otis & Miss Ethel, 248
McGuire, Ignatius, 248
mediocre corbiculatum, Gyrineum, 39
meekianum, Cardium, 32, 35
Meiere, Mrs. Ernest, 251, 253
Meinecke, E. P., 248
Melania fettkei, 13
lewisiana, 13
packardi, 13
vaderensis, 13
melodia, Melospiza, 55
Melospiza melodia, 55
Menzies, R. M., 248
Mephitis occidentalis, 286
Meretrix hornii, 11
longa, 11
olequahensis, 11
ovalis, 11
uvasana, 11
species, 2
new species, 11
Merriam, Dr. C. Hart, 249
merriami, Crassatellites, 11
Tellina, 37
Metcalf, Mr., 119
Miller, Charles E., 249
Miller, Thomas L., 249
Miopleiona indurata, 31, 39, 42, 51
[Proc. 4TH SER.
mississippiensis, Ampullina, 42
Mitchell, Henry S., 249
Mitra washingtoniana, 13
modestus, Orthotylus, 89, 109, 120,
128
Modiolus directus, 30, 36, 51
inflatus, 36, 50, 51
ornatus, 11
rectus, 31
moliana, Macoma, 36
molliculus, Orthotylus, 89, 113, 114,
115, 128
Molopophorus gabbi, 36, 39
lincolnensis, 29, 36
Molopophorus lincolnensis zone, 28,
33, 44
Monodonta wattkei, 13
Monograph of the North American
Species of Orthotylus (Hemiptera),
87-128
monolifera, Turris, 14
montereyana, Arca, 32, 35
montereyana zone, Arca, 27, 31, 33,
43
Montesano horizon, 28
montesanoensis, Chione, 35
Macoma, 36
Semele, 36
Morrison, Alexander F., 224
morsei, Barbatia, 11
Mountain Bird, Warner, 71
Mountain Lion Group, 276
Moxley, George L., 249
Mulinia densata, 32
Murex cowlitzensis, 13
packardi, 13
sopenahensis, 13
species, 2
Museum, Accessions to Library and,
243-250
Mytilus condoni, 36
mathewsonii, 36
sammamishensis, 36, 51
snohomishensis, 36
new species, 36
nannodes, Cervus, 266
nasuta, Macoma, 35
Nassa andersoni, 39
arnoldi, 39
Natica oregonensis, 39, 51
species, 42
Naticina obliqua, 13
Nautilus, species, 2
necopinus, Orthotylus, 89, 125
Nelson, Mr., 249
nelsoni, Ovis, 274
Nerita cowlitzensis, 13
triangulata, 13
Neritina martini, 13
Vou. VI.)
nesophilus, Thryomanes bewicki, 61,
62, 78, 79, 81
nevadensis, Tellina, 32, 37
Neverita secta, 13
subglobosa, 14
weaveri, 13
newcombi, Turritella, 29, 40, 51
Nichols, Rey. William Ford, 229
nigrinasi, Orthotylus, 88, 104
nigripes, Labopidea, 93
Niso polito, 14
Northwestern Black Bear Group, 278
nuciformis, Lunatia, 13
Nucula conradi, 51
dalli, 36
washingtonensis, 28, 36
species, 50
nuculana, Tellina, 37
nuttallii, Siliqua, 32, 37
nuttalli, Zonotrichia leucophrys, 56
Nyctilochus washingtoniana, 14
oakvillensis, Terebratula, 40
Oberholser, R., 65, 67, 68, 71, 74, 75,
78, 79, 80, 83, 85
obliqua, Naticina, 13
obliquum, Sinum, 14
obruta, Tellina, 37, 51
obscurus, Plagiognathus, 119
Mephitis, 286
occidentalis, Plethodon, 220
Terebratalia, 40
ochropus, Canis, 288
ochsneri, Leda, 32, 35
Ocinebra, species, 2
Odocoileus columbarius, 268
hemionus, 270
Odostomia packi, 14
Oldroyd, T. C., 249
olequahensis, Ambloxus, 12
Cardium, 11
Meretrix, 11
Ostrea, 12
Oligocene (The) of Kitsap Co., Wash.,
41
Olivella mathewsonii, 14
pedroana, 39
new species, 14
olympidea, Chione, 35
Venus, 32
olypidii, Polynices, 39
Oncotylus, 88
puberus, 105
punctipes, 106
oreganus pinosus, Junco, 56
oregona, Yoldia, 37, 51
oregonensis, Ampullina, 38, 51
Felis, 276
Ficus, 39
Cryptomya, 35
Marcia, 29, 30, 31, 32, 35, 50,
51
INDEX
301
Natica, 39, 51
Plethodon, 219, 220
Scaphander, 29, 40, 51
Strepsidura, 28, 29, 40
Tellina, 31, 37, 50, 51
Turritella, 40
ornata, Drillia, 13
ornatus, Modiolus, 11
ornatus, Orthotylus, 89, 122
Ornithology, Dept. of, 242
Orthotylus, 87-128
affinis, 89, 114, 128
angulatus, 89, 115, 116, 117
angulatus brunneus, 89, 116,
117, 118, 120, 128
bigutattus, 89
candidatus, 89, 124
catulus, 88, 106, 128
chlorionis, 88, 98, 99, 128
coagulatus, 88, 95, 96, 102, 128
cruciatus, 89, 119, 128
cuneatus, 89, 117, 128
diaphanus, 89
dorsalis, 89, 103, 106, 107, 109,
110; 12) 113, M5, 120; 128
ferox, 88, 94, 96, 97, 99
flavosparsus, 88, 94, 96, 97, 99,
106, 128
formosus, 89, 103, 108, 122,
124
fraternus, 88, 99, 128
fumidus, 89, 127
inconspicuus, 89
insignis, 88, 92, 128
knighti, 121
languidus, 89, 107, 128
lateralis, 89, 119, 120, 121,
123, 124
marginatus, 89, 112, 128
modestus, 89, 109, 120, 128
molliculus, 89, 113, 114, 115,
128
necopinus, 88, 125
nigrinasi, 88, 104
ornatus, 89, 122
ovatus, 88, 105, 106, 128
pullatus, 89 118, 128
senectus, 88, 102
submarginatus, 89, 123, 124
tibialis, 88, 93, 94, 95, 128
translucens, 88, 99, 101, 128
uniformis, 88, 99, 100, 103,
128
viridicatus, 88, 95, 97, 128
viridis, 58, 103, 104
Ostrea fettkei, 11
idriaensis, 12, 36
lincolnensis, 28
olequahensis, 12
veatchii, 36
species, 2, 51
302 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
Otocoris alpestris, 55
ovalis, Meretrix, 11
ovatus group, 88
ovatus, Orthotylus, 88, 105, 106, 128
Ovis nelsoni, 274
Pachyhilus drakei, 14
Pacific (The) Coast Races of the
Bewick Wren, 53-85
pacificum, Cymatium, 38
Pack, Herbert J., 249
packardi, Amphissa, 12
Melania, 13
Murex, 13
packi, Odostoma, 14
Panope generosa, 30, 31, 32, 36, 50,
51
parallelus, Solen, 12, 28, 37
parilis, Diplodonta, 32, 35
Parker, Sir Gilbert, 249
paroticus, Chondrotus, 216
Parshley, H. C., 120
Payne, F., 104
peckhami, Pecten, 36, 42, 51
Pecten alockamensis, 36
clallamensis, 42
coosensis, 32, 36
cowlitzensis, 12
fucanus, 32, 36
landesi, 2, 11
peckhami, 36, 42, 51
porterensis, 36
propatulus, 32, 36
species, 51
pedroana, Olivella, 39
Pelecypoda, 11, 28, 35
pellucida, Avicula, 11
penita, Leda, 35
perkinsiana, Exilia, 13
perrini, Cantharus, 12
perversa, Turris, 40
petrosa, Cylichnella, 38
petrosum, Eudolium, 30, 31, 389, 50,
51
Phacoides acutilineatus, 29, 30, 31, 32,
36, 44, 50, 51
annulatus, 36
Phalium aequisulcatum, 32, 39
Phoca richardi geronimensis, 280
pileum, Crepidula, 13
pinosus, Junco oreganus, 56
Pipilo maculatus clementx, 62
falcifer, 56
Pisania clallamensis, 39
Pisces, 40
Pitaria dalli, 28, 29, 36
Pitcher, Mrs. C. L., 251
pittsburgensis, Macrocallista, 28, 29,
35
Placunanomia inornata, 12
Plagiognathus, 107, 123
obscurus, 119
[Proc 4TH Ser.
planicosta hornii, Venericardia, 12
Venericardia, 2
Plethodon cinereus, 220
crassulus, 218, 219, 220
croceater, 219, 220, 221
elongatus, 216, 219
erythronotus, 220
flavipunctatus, 221
intermedius, 216, 217, 218, 219,
220
occidentalis, 220
oregonensis, 219, 220
vandykei, 216, 218
polita, Diplodonta, 11
Niso, 14
Polynices clausa, 39
galianoi, 39
lewisii, 39
lincolnensis, 39
olypidii, 39
saxea, 32, 39
porterensis, Crenella, 28, 29, 30, 35,
51
Pecten, 36
Turritella, 30, 40, 44
porterensis zone, Turritella, 28, 33, 44
Porter horizon, 28
Post-Eocene (The) Formations of
Western Washington, 19-40
praecursor, Spisula, 37
praerupta, Crepidula, 38
princeps, Crepidula, 38
Procyon psora, 286
propatulus, Pecten, 32, 36
Protozoa, 40
Psaltriparus, 55, 56
Psammobia hornii, 12
Pseudocardium landesi, 36
Pseudoliva inornata, 14
volutaeformis, 14
psora, Procyon, 286
Pteria limula, 2
puberus, Oncotylus, 89, 118, 128
Publications of Academy during 1916,
226, 258
pulcher, Turris, 14
pullatus, Orthotylus, 89, 118, 128
punctipes, Oncotylus, 106
pusillus, Cadulus, 12
quadrata, Marcia, 11
Venericardia, 32
Raccoon Group, California, 286
Rainey, Edward, 230
Ranella, marshalli, 39
species, 2, 39
Reagan, A. B., 21
rectus, Modiolus, 31
remondii, Conus, 13
Ficopsis, 13
Vor. VI.J
Report of the Director of the Museum
for the Year 1916, by Dr. Barton
W. Evermann, 229 to 263
Report of the Librarian of the Acad-
emy for the Year 1916, 259
Report of the President of the Acad-
emy for the Year 1916, by C. E.
Grunsky, 223 to 227
Report of the Treasurer of the Acad-
emy for the Year 1916, 262, 263
Reynolds, L. C., 249
richardi geronimensis, Phoca, 280
Ridgway, R., 65, 66, 71, 85
Rimella elongata, 14
simplex, 14
Rixford, Dr. Emmet, 249
Rixford, G: P., 249
Rocky Mountain Mule Deer Group, 270
Rosenbaum, L. S., 249
Rowley, John, 227
rugiferum, Epitonium, 39
Ryder, Worth, 282
Ryfkogel, S. D., 249
sagittata, Glycimeris, 11
Salamanders, 215 to 221
sammamishensis, Mytilus, 36, 51
Yoldia, 37
San Diego meeting of the Western
society of Naturalists, 243
San Joaquin Valley Bird Group, 292
Elk Group, 266
Scaphander oregonensis, 29, 40, 51
Scaphopoda, 12, 28, 37, 51
Scofield, N. B., 224
scopulosum, Sinum, 32, 40
Scutella gabbii, 32, 40
secta, Macoma, 35
Neverita, 13
securis, Chione, 32, 35
Sea Lion Group, California, 282
Sea Lion Group, Steller’s, 284
Seal Group, Leopard, 280
Semele diaboli, 12
montesanoesis, 36
new species, 37
senecus, Orthotylus, 88, 102
Septifer dichotomus, 12
Sheep Group, Desert Mountain, 274
Shirk, Joseph, 249
sicarius, Solen, 32, 37
Siliqua nuttallii, 32, 37
simplex, Rimella, 14
Sinum obliquum, 14
scopulosum, 32, 40
Siphonalia bicarinata, 14
Skunk Group, Striped, 286
Slevin, J. R., 216, 249
Slonaker, Dr. J. Rollin, 224
Slosson, Mrs. Annie Trumbull, 103,
110, 125, 126
INDEX
303
Smith, L. E., 250
smithi, Eulima, 39
Snodgrass, R. E., 250
snohomishensis, Mytilus, 36
Solemya ventricosta, 31, 37, 50, 51
Solen conradi, 37
curtus, 28, 37, 51
lincolnensis, 12
parallelus, 12, 28, 37
sicarius, 32, 37
sopenahensis, Hemifusus, 13
Murex, 13
South Dakota, 250
Sparrow (Song), 55
spilurus, Thryomanes bewicki, 56, 60,
61, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 73,
U4, 75, T6778; 821
Spisula albaria, 31, 32, 37, 51
eatilliformis, 37
praecursor, 37
staleyi, Tapes, 37
stanfordensis, Drillia, 29, 44
Fusinus, 32
stantoni, Cancellaria, 12
Calliostoma, 38
Stejneger, Dr., 219
stelleri, Pumetapias, 284
Steller’s Sea Lion Group, 284
Stonehouse, Miss Mabel, 250
Stoner, R. G., 250
Stoney, Miss Kate L., 239
Storer, Tracy I., 224
stramineum, Dentalium, 12, 28, 37
Strepsidura lincolnensis, 29
oregonensis, 28, 29
strigata, Yoldia, 32, 37
strigata zone, Yoldia, 27, 32
subcostata, Anomia, 35
subglobosa, Neverita, 14
submarginatus, Orthotylus, 89, 123,
124
submontereyensis, Yoldia, 37
subtenta, Venericardia, 37
sulcatus, Liomesus, 39
Surcula cowlitzensis, 29, 40
lincolnensis, 14
washingtoniana, 14
sutterensis, Tellina, 12
Swarth, Harry S., 53, 66, 85
sylviaensis, Gyrineum, 39
Tapes staleyi, 37
Taussig, Hon. Rudolph J., 237
tejonensis, Hemifusus, 13
tenebrosum, Amblystoma, 221
Tellina aragonia, 37
arctata, 32, 37
congesta, 37
hornii, 12
kincaidi, 37
longa, 12
304 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
mathewsonii, 12
merriami, 37
nevadensis, 32, 37
nucula, 37
obruta, 37, 51
oregonensis, 31, 37, 50, 51
Terebratalia occidentalis, 40
species, 28
Terebratula oakvillensis, 40
species, 42
Terebratulina washingtoniana, 11
Teredo, species, 12
Thais etchegoinensis, 40
Thompson, W. F., 225
Thracia dilleri, 2, 12
trapezoidea, 29, 30, 31, 37, 44,
50, 51
Thryomanes bewicki, 53 to 85
calophonus, 56, 60 to 66, 81
cataline, 61, 62, 78, 79, 81
charienturus, 538, 56, 57, 60,
61, 62, 63, 66, 67, 68, 69,
MONI asa nti COs, aie
78, 81, 83
drymoecus, 53, 56, 60, 61, 62,
66 to 77, 81, 83
eremophilus, 56, 57, 60, 61, 62,
635) Oi io. Woe Nie 9.
80 to 84
leucophrys, 61, 62, 79, 81
marinensis, 538, 60, 61, 64, 65,
66, 67, 69, 70, 72, 75, 81
nesophilus, 61, 62, 78, 79, 81
spilurus, 56, 60, 61, 64 to 70,
TSA, 0531 Gs 83) Ou:
Thyasira bisecta, 29, 30, 31, 37, 44,
50% dil:
tibialis, Orthotylus, 88, 93, 94, 95,
128
Tough, F. B., 250
translucens, Orthotylus, 88, 99, 101,
128
transpacifica, Unio, 12
trapezoidea, Thracia, 29, 30, 31, 37,
44, 50, 51
triangulata, Nerita, 13
Triforis washingtoniana, 14
trilineata, Arca, 32
Triton ensatus, 221
Tritonium, species, 2
Troyer, Carlos, 250
tuberculata, Galeodea, 13
Tulloch, Misses Martha & Leslie, 255
Turbinella, species, 2
Turcicula washingtoniana, 30, 31, 40,
42, 50, 51
Turris cammani, 40
coosensis, 40
fresnoensis, 40, 51
monolifera, 14
perversa, 40
[Proc. 4TH SER.
pulcher, 14
washingtoniana, 14
wynoochensis, 40
Turritella, species, 14, 42
blakeleyensis, 30, 31, 40, 51
newcombi, 29, 40, 51
oregonensis, 40
porterensis, 30, 40, 44
uvasana, 2, 57, 14
porterensis zone, 28, 30, 33, 44
Uhler, Dr., 116
uliginosum, Gnaphalium, 106
uniformia, Orthotylus, 88, 99, 100,
103, 128
Unio transpacifica, 12
United States Fisheries Stmr. ‘‘Alba-
tross,’’ 250
United States National Museum, 250
Urosalpinx hannibali, 14
Ursus americanus altifrontalis, 278
uvasana, Leda, 28, 29, 35
Meretrix, 11
Turritella, 2, 5, 14
vaderensis, Leda, 11
Macrocallista, 11
Melania, 13
Van Denburgh, John, 215 to 221, 225,
250, 253
Van Duzee, Edward P., 87 to 128, 228,
239, 250, 259, 260
Van Dyke, Dr. BE. C., 215, 250
vandykei Plethodon, 216, 218
vaquerosensis, Cardium, 35
Varney, Mrs. F. N., 250
veatchii, Ostrea, 36
Venericardia chehalisensis, 37
planicosta, 2, 7
planicosta hornii, 12
quadrata, 32
subtenta, 37
ventricosta, Solemya, 31, 37, 50, 51
Venus clallamensis, 32
vespertina, Chione, 35
Macrocallista, 11
viridicatus, Orthotylus, 88, 95, 87, 128
viridis, Orthotylus, 88, 103, 104
Viviparus washingtoniana, 14
Vollen, Dr., 216
volutaeformis, Pseudoliva, 14
Von Geldern, Otto, 250
Wahkiakum horizon, 27
Waring, ©. A., 250, 258
Warner mountain bird, 71
washingtonensis, Acila, 11
Calyptrea, 29, 38
Cancellaria, 38
Epitonium, 39
Lunatia, 39
Nucula, 28, 36
Vou. VI.]J INDEX
washingtoniana, Bursa, 12
Crassatellites, 11, 28, 29, 35
Cryptoma, 35
Eulima, 39
Fasciolaria, 13
Fusus, 13
Galeodea, 13
Hemifusus, 13, 29, 39
Mitra, 13
Nyctilochus, 14
Sureula, 14
Terebratulina, 11
Triforis, 14
Turcicula, 30, 31, 40, 42, 50,
5
Turris, 14
Viviparus, 14
washingtonianus, Hemifusus, 28
wattsi, Monodonta, 13
Weaver, Dr. Chas. E., 1, 19, 41, 258
weaveri, Conus, 13
Neverita, 13
Westerfeld, Carl, 224
Weymouth, Prof. Frank W., 250
Wickes, Miss E. M., 250
Willis, Dr. Bailey, 20
willisi, Fusus, 13
Witham, Henry, 250
Woodworth, Prof. ©. A., 225
Wooster, John, 250
Wrasse, E., 250
Wren, Bewick, 53-85
When, Desert, 63, 83
wynoochensis, Cancellaria, 38
Ficus, 39
Turris, 40
wynootcheensis, Macoma, 36
Xantus, John, 218, 220
Yoldia impressa, 37, 51
oregona, 37, 51
sammammishensis, 37
strigata, 32, 37
submontereyensis, 37
Yoldia strigata zone, 27, 32
Young, John, 218, 220
Zalophus californianus, 282
305
Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli, 56
Zoology, Dept. of, 255
eT eee, he
PROCEEDINGS
. Fourth Series
VOLUME IIl—Continued
Pages 73-146. The Neocene Deposits of Kern River, California,
and the Temblor Basin. By Frank M. Anderson. Plates 11-x11.
(Ussued November 9, 1911) vccccccvcvccccncncenstnereneneensaes
Pages 147-154. Notes on a Collection of Reptiles from Southern
California and Arizona. By John Van Denburgh. (/sswed
Panay 10; LDL Ve cas eg ee ee BeAr theme glanavac tires WIZ
Pages 155-160. Notes on Some Reptiles and Amphibians from -
Oregon, Idaho and Utah. By John Van Denburgh. (/ssued
January 17, IG12) vc vvccccccerns sewscesenseestvdencagrvegeicias
Pages 161-182. Geologic Range of Miocene Invertebrate Fossils of
California. By James Perrin Smith. (/sswed April 5, 17/2)...
Pages 183-186. Description of a New Genus and Species of Sala-
mander from Japan. By Surgeon J. C. Thompson, U. S.-Navy.
Plate xiv... (/ssved May 3, 1912) oo .cccvceccevvenenteneeerees
Pages 187-258. Concerning Certain Species of Reptiles and Am-
phibians from China, Japan, the Loo Choo Islands, and Formosa.
By John Van Denburgh. (Jsswed December IG EAQIE, Vandi os
Pages 259-264. Notes on Ascaphus, the Discoglossoid Toad of
North America. By John Van Denburgh. |. (/ssued December
2) Bia 5) Ey ee Bes EORTC SS Peis Peet OR eee eT OR ea
Pages 265-390. A Distributional List of the Mammals of California.
By Joseph Grinnell. Plates XV-XVI. Ussued August 28, 1913)
Pages 391-454. A List of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Arizona,
with Notes on the Species in the Collection of the Academy.
By John Van Denburgh and Joseph R. Slevin. Plates xvil-
xxviul. (Issued November 5, 1913)... ccc ein verve een t ees
VOLUME IV
Pages 1-13. I. Report of the President of the Academy for the
Year 1913.
Il. George Davidson. (Jsswed April 8, 1714) ..+.--
Pages 15-112. Ill. Neocene Record in the Temblor Basin, Cali-
fornia, and Neocene Deposits of the San Juan District. By
Frank M. Anderson and Bruce Martin. Plates I-x. (Issued
Diceember. 30, AWAY nc coe ie ee oe pe Os oe ve oe ee editen sete ease™
Pages 113-128. IV. The Fauna of the Siphonalia sutterensis Zone
in the Roseburg Quadrangle, Oregon. By Roy E. Dickerson.
Plates x1-xu.. (Issued December 30, 1914) csuvvecvsvrreererces
Pages 129-152. V. Reptiles and Amphibians of the Islands of the
West Coast of North America. By John Van Denburgh and
Joseph R. Slevin, (Issued December 30, 1914) ....seeereeevnes
Pages 153-160. VI. The Pocket Gopher of the Boreal Zone on
San Jacinto Peak. By J. Grinnell and H. S. Swarth. (Issued
December 30, LITA) vce vice ce vciaeececonbocseumsnveneses $6aees
VOLUME V
Pages 1-31. 1. Report of the President of the Academy for the
year 1914.
Il. Report of the Director of the Museum for the
year 1914. (Issued March: 26) LOTD) Coe stares
Pages 33-98. III. Fauna of the Type Tejon: Its Relation to the
Cowlitz Phase of the Tejon Group of Washington. By Roy E.
Dickerson. Plates 1-x1. (Issued June 15, 1915) Sane 8
00°
28
28
20
125
50
29
00
Yi)
29
.50
.25
325
25
4;
/ VOLUME ve pontied.
= 99-110. IV. A He of the ‘Amphibians and Repliles: Oh Utah, (ie
with Notes on the Species in the Collection of the Academy.
_ By John Van Denburgh and Joseph R. Slevin. Plates x1I-x1v.
(Dssued Tune Lo DIL ooo 5 the go sho Sede eaeeee el eeett eee es
apes 111-161. V. Description cf a new subgenus (Arborimus)
of Phenacomys, with a Contribution to Knowledge of the
Habits and Distribution of Phenacomys longicaudus. By Walter
Py Faylors Plateiay.: (issued December SU, 1 ITB) ere anes bed
- Pages 163-193. VI. Tertiary Deposits of Northeastern Mexico. By
E. T. Dumble. Plates xviand xix. (/ssued December 31, 1915).
Puce 195-223. VII. Report of the President of the Academy for.
the Year 1915,
VIII. Report of the Director of the Museum for
the Year 1915. (lssued May 4, 1916) ..
VOLUME VI
Pages 1-17. Il. Eocene of Lower Cowlitz River Valley, Washing-
ton. By Charles E. Weaver. Platel. (/sswed May 6, 1916).
Pages 19-40. II. The Post-Eocene Formations of Western Wash-
ington. By Charles E. Weaver. (/ssued May 6, 19/6).
Pages 41-52. III. The Oligocene of ea County, Washington.
By Charles E. Weaver. see! few , 1916). Price for the
KNEES WA DEIS Si cine vers cs cas peri Sie MPH IGE ae 8
Pages 53-85. IV. The Pacific Coast Races of the Bewick Wren.
_ By Harry S. Swarth. Plate 2. (/sswed May &, 1916) -........
Pages 87-128. V. Monograph of the North American Species of
Orthotylus (Hemiptera). By Edward P. Van Duzee. ess
UTS LOT het i Pas cr oe oes ip Hin wacaitsls Bet Bg Satine wae iS oe cee e wee
Pages 129-213. VI. A Catalogue and Host List of the agai
By G. F. Ferris. (/ssued May 12, 1916) .:........ Seren inary eget
Re Pages 215-221. VII. Four Species of Salamanders new to the State
of California, with a Description of Plethodon elongatus, a New
Species, and Notes on other Salamanders. By John Van Den-
pireher /ssted Way SET ILO PN aha ees dy age eg eae oe see
Pages 223-294. VIII. Report of the President of the Raa for
the Year 1916.
{X. Report of the Director of the Museum for
the Year 1916. Plates 3-17. (Jssued
JUNO, UIT) eee ARN AE Be ep an
The Academy cannot supply any of its publications issued before the tae
year 1907, its entire reserve stock having been destroyed in the conflagra-
tion of April, 1906.
THE HICKS-JUDD PRESS
SAN FRANCISCO mg
253
bi ‘ m wn
en
is nm rae ie ‘ fs
| “ . 1G ie ata,
i. i
nu LP Als i iad Pres
| t al ‘ee ‘i y
| if .
oa
io Ky
irate : a Oi
Pay, i a ne ie io ae ik a ip a Y ry
\ ve : rs my). ie . - rm i he a na Oy a a 5 :
: a ie ‘2 yt M i} ; an dan : rh ny ie vie
7 7 nigare 7
7 eae Ein. We ae
: ri, f | ny i ary, lee # we i v * 7 ne : 7 ‘ - i ‘i
: y ; ie hi bi ; i my ‘a on ue i i : 7 iy on ¥h a Ve v4 1
.s oll
, Byes, ‘ee ms
iv a - ‘ti : we meh Wy
; : Ph eas hi ;
iF 7 io re “44) } ie iene mia noe mT iv. pos !
oc Aen Mikal eel | fl + 2th PF RYT." aaa ae
Te y i ¥ ey a hale py ve! : ; : 7
a ron ny f TUTE! Ace ie te Fick A i : fi uv
wie | if wilt 7 iw iA was cP i Pee, "rll ms
, . ry iD ] ; 7 y ey ; ha ii , : i ‘ , 4
iy ? : i? : ; : i ty 7 - ) ) : ni n ,
a a a is an ln aM Wile iM yuh. i : vip : ; i _
: : if] 7 x f - , i : ,
a 1 : & YY a it . ' ag! vd : i i lite y a !
¥ | _ 1, : : - 7 : ptt 7 a o ms ; y 7 :
| : Pe . 7 iM n j (en - ; : a ; ; - 7
a | i i 6 DA of 1% re ‘O)> irae: yoo : Po any
Shee /rogel a 1) A a an 1
|< a ae t ee) i , ’
ice ae Wer vr { ol ae
7 : a i a va 7 m8 i ae F : u i I ' e ‘
> fae on Pah Snes ee ae
nt _ oa) HW) s : if. The Ty ry ia © Ot
aie Pann ey ae
hae an + reat
- : rea, ian
Le, a! 1A ee
i +? a T5 h,
mY ia 7 7
j ove WAN
‘) hi , An
7 7 ik on
' 4 7”
: iv Bh
he nT) mas aw
we ¢ Pas ; os
‘ a yy
: oo * 140 yy,
, y i
yA a ,, Lan
wine vor my ww ; 1
: 1 i) if
: ans + : a
: Mi “a nl? *
(lou 7 ; H
7 Gn a ; 0 : 7
ia 7 - _ ;
7 ¥
: Z ‘ka if 7 7 oe !
7 ” - ; vy all
; 7 h 2
ry a aa? tC.
- ar : :
u 7 byl ah _ i ,
7 Fa
- ie : 7
7 a
; ; ae , 4
: >
> - i ;
iW an
nS 1 e :
i 1, ae a
i vo
Ait UN a
= f us ore co ,
S
re ih [Vor ; >
un! .
ni Tit Mia 7
Pray ne ity
ee oie
: :
ee
bith
fi
aH He oe ue on
i) My ye i
‘
we ;
ae Le a Ae ae cee
y ¥ nae i » ia wv % a, A A mi, : : ' =e cae bie shar i 4
pve pa ey det ae” eae ae Ae) t Libr, my Sa 5 A ys
Bt PUle en | UO bie
ORE
’ ‘ "yt ,
WWE Vere the PP ee he
bt EAR PA A LD SMITHSONIAN INS
LRAT A Wy bree here b eae fy
Ua ea aly ye Mu
Taya
« ay a s+ eh . ‘4
8: tei il sn t
ape aie ARTIC)
us nth Teter hee ba pele td he
Cicely veel en ene DOOM oie
AW ee font BBG beg i trp ie Phy ey
aeieeries set Keener ene ene WRETV EP Oh he
" ihn eeie VA * Py a RTA
rd ia done nee ti t AA i AA yy
Ld LM oe) PED te Oe hy J
MY, we rae SAP 6 ty for §
a bone oy ype pint r
att taaitayt aay , CR UM BGA
#9) fir eu) My ore ¢ Weel : u
bai seer et Hs rey’ ’ ‘i
' re ’ On Wy yh '
=
:
Le hore Wt or)
wi Pose he ah “a 1!
10)
NYE CANE Wen eee
ACA SCT AM oan TM NO
the ' ¢ wy
HA ahah } ‘i MUA OU A
BAAD Ae Veh het pe h hy
tore ta Webb eto ha Oe
Pre at tytatctyiceei he eves
DUI ee Bone ;
une ys
COOLIO
OH ey
iy
aR aK RAK
AM aR { at 1 SAAT '
Ay Ratt eta RAN
its had eae Wey tt
ait . tat SATE AA ih wit et
" DON AM HO Yh ; ( Syne
pe tone leek Vy ec ical } ADK Se els
ae * Thee aint wnt ey ne 8 4 i) TH) en ia) J AY ‘
hea ay ave ) Wye Benet Liv tea} LA 0394 jl ter
aad yin be ali ey Mite Rae aN ee DSM HD ah EWN ter lacey oe Hes eutate fit
Renee ee ch a ha { t t
ay
Sete Cerca ayes yt
PATS
a ey ronan vant
de)
CeOn eer ey ny wt ; ty
GUN OCR BOE Pah bee a a t
retreat st CORAL a Ap
WG ie hd ROE fh ‘ gree ele Atle
4) Wit etfetnny Lae ETH CN
Lda} 08 : i f cRiean bast 7 Hear nts f
RT es mala Vy" aes uf ete a eS Uae ben fg
tad fem atiagre e *
Mee Wty gual
+4 ln
AR Sale) eth
Vleet aa Aeyoumenne hte
2 s iieirtysee Wt i Heer int
ht ee eon es eit Ney ' t ina
STADE Mona A ia Het puna uy ty vr
MMe aula fe
4:6 ‘as
>
Lf,
Se
.
Saye
om
y ‘ t% t Pa
Fy WB WR eh ree an Ok le as r f May \
ARIUS ‘ ‘ CA TIN My .! 9 WC Ore Late tt rte
NK Na Be te 4 7 ‘ ieee
> re i ' ) eee
t we
a
eeeetndeite f
LY iy
a
ata
.-
i)
en
te HEAR
Ra aaron
vit gtr!
Pac
LCGRY oc yt i RN NA PAW ANE EN OR ECOL i eee eee
x ) te Peas, i, APL OR ARSED Denti ee ct LAUR PU aL H
on i SOME eee Ce EY VA be ’
* ‘ mate
Rat
LY
.
weet
ty
Woe
Hi
; ta
CEU OE
WOE He Deby
1
gf :
BA gE
2x.
ce
i=
at) yas M Sane uN BEG
i L} we Th J ‘ Whee POH MI ANE
i : leat ‘ WNW A heed i ‘ Yt VOLPE
hs ft ‘ need satis Da ark Aa te J CNL
Wicae Y Oe AUR Pate kt < ”) v4
ee Nt MATL Deh MSA or SURI Pe
iia Son ow Artin ry Oe} i} ee ek aS 9 Hate
yh iveies Jahley) nde ie Ae ue VA ob y ‘|
ye 4 WARE he WANA a en ee
tay WAuny a DROP EERO Ch
ae RG hy wae % ¥ H
yt) % i whit v4
it COKE ti RAVCRRCON NA
SR ¥ ee a Eh Vas
a Nasty ‘ Heel ‘
i daw uit ta
aye toe vu!
i mie Ks
\ AA
es wen
v
Ky he AM | an
ee
» ¢ LM
Pen ys eign
r
ete
qi we hw
Ba
ee i Ce Leu wd
) ( (aed tenn Oak .
anh ay f Hoh ee ea J) 4 Ft 5 ay vee eh, NARS
4) ite Oe) Ne toe SO Al each ‘ mh ae i
Ne ar SEN i)
a aes Dena
wi
y
\ wan
a Heat
re: ve Rh
POA ATLA NA Gh e
ThA ta Vier
vie th het ie
ORCC ELM EHO Vt nev Cy hen bi
bv earl Be
PAN
v
Ne Yi ' ih
\ k i Us we a x ‘ KY ont Ay ei r at
; fe ALAR hth ; ihe Ra: bit Ye
i y y +04) ; et The bee " Wubi’
aN . yi Sh oh en J i th rad 4 sole “\ DRAM ha Ritalin AOL
ern "} 2% oe we 4 SEAL AY , The F) OL MUNRO Hever eice emcee
a a = wen Hitt BURL 5 EG Beas PUN Ra NK Sm SAC UR aaa an SD Awe ek
Wr ae a oe t . ih iy? , ae HRN ON tne iy Pie Che
Y ee a ya wba ae }