i ',1 1* ■ \ i'^) '4) ■1 I; 'J a w^i e©e^*5?'e^^^i@¥$3^:l^^^^^'=^-'eee©©g^^4^ Vol. 2, No. 1. PROCEEDINGS OF THE Entomological Society OF PIIILA^DELI^HIA^. MARCH, APRIL AND MAY, 1 K(>8. PHILADELPHIA : I=I?-IITTDEX3 B'X" THE S O C I E T -X^. \ »^ ^v O,' ( \^\ a H (I ?N ^:' !ST^^-g^^ ' ^^^Ai^A^^gxO);^^^^^^^^^(^^@I^ rROCEKDlNGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF PHILADELPHIA. VOL. II. 1863-4. PHILADELPHIA: PRINTED BY THE !< huhuit^ Gt/vmnpfrrnvs 2 ■ [March iebilis, Arcjyra alhicauK, Diaplioriis .ipectabilis, Medetcriis nigyipes, 31. veles, Saiicrojms mj)crbu'nii), from E. T. Cresson. 10 CoLEOPTERA ( Odontoclieila mexicana, Tefracha grnirulata, Ci- cindcla roseiventris, Calosoma sfriolatum, Semiotus cuspidafus, Cop- ris jy)'ocidua, 0. cxiprinus^ Eurysteinus ciliatus, Callichroma melancho- lica, all from Mexico, and Necrophortis pustulatus from Pennsylvania), from Aug. R. Grote, New York. lU Lepidoptera {Argynnis Atlantis % 9 , MdUtsea Mylitta, Yan- (issa Atalanta^ V. Progne, Grapta Faunus)^ from Wm. H. Edwards, Newbxirgli, New York. 9 CoEEOPTERA ( Tylonotua himaculatus, Saperda ohliqua, Goes dc- bilis), from William Wenzel. 2 DiPTERA (Scellns exusfus'), from I. A. Pool, Chicago, III. 1 DiPTERA (Tachyfrechus vorax'), from William Evett. The following Lepidoptera, from the Committee on Collecting- Fund, were kindly determined for the Society by Mr. Aug. R. Grrote of New York : — Lachmeeus tessela Packard (Type), Notodont'a rucul- lifera H.S., Notodonta badia Pack., Notodonta concinna A.& S., No- todonta unicornis Walk. (The genera of these three latter species will have to be revised.), Crocota opella Glrote (Type), Dryopteris rosea Walk., Lacinia expultrix Grrote (Type), Neplielodes violans Grn., N'. rubeolans Gn., N. minians Gn., Apatela americana Harris, and Aci- daJia persimilata Grote (Type). DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. Materials for a Monograph of the North American Orthoptera.^ by Samuel H. Scudder. From the Author. List of Orthoptera collected on a trij} from Assiniboid to Cumber- land, by Samuel H. Scudder. From the Author. Description of some species of Nocturncd Lepidoptera found in Canada, by Rev. C. J. S. Bethunc, M.A. Fi'om the Author. Prairie Farmer (^Chicago, 111.), Nos. 7 to 10 of Vol. 11. From the Editors. The following works were deposited by Dr. T. B. Wilson : — Magasin de Zoologie, par M. F. E. Guerin-Meneville. 1831 — 1845. 15 Vols. 8vo. Revue Zoologique, par la Society Cuvieriemie ; puhliee sous la di- rection de M. F. E. Guerin-Meneville. 1838—1848. 11 Vols. 8vo. 1868.] 3 Revue cf Magat^iu dr Zooloyie^ j^ar M. F. E. Gna-in-MhuviHc 1850—1861. 13 Vols. 8vo. Procecdmgs of the Zoological Society of Lonihiii. Part ], fm- Jni\- uary to Ajjril, 1862. 8vo. AVRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS. Letters were read from Messrs. Homer F. Bassett, dated Waterbury, Conn., Feb. 16, 1863, and Samuel Auxer, dated Lancaster, Pa., 3Iareh 3, 1863, acknowledging their election to Corresponding Membership iu the Society. The following papers were presented for publication in the Pro- ceedings : — '• On some hitherto undescribed Lepidopterous Larva3, by William Saunders, London, Canada West." ''Additions to the Catalogue of United States Lepidoptera, No. 3, by Aug. R. Grrote." " Contributions to the Natural History of the Cynipidcij of the Uni- ted States and of their galls. Article 3rd, by Baron R. Osten Sacken." And were referred to Committees. ELECTIONS. The following gentlemen were elected Corresponding Memhers of the Society : — Prof. Jared P. Kirtland, Jr., of East Rockport, Ohio. J. P. Wild, of Egg Harbor, New Jersey. Aaron B. Belknap, of New York. Robert Bancker Talbot, of New York. R. W. DeForest, of New York. Joseph Bridgham, Jr., of New York. [March AMERICAN MICEO-LEPIDOPTERA. BY BRACKENRIDGE CLEMENS, M. D. TiNEINA. STROBISIA Clemens. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. May 1860, p. 164. S. levipedella. — Fore wings dark lirownish, with a cupreous liue. The apical half of the wing is darker than the basal half. About the middle of the costa is a short, oblique white streak and another of the same hue midway between it and the tip of the wing, perpendicular to the costa and of nearly triangular form. Beneath the first costal streak are two short, longitudinal dashes, one on each side of the fold of the wing, and two otiiers of the same hue, parallel, and l)eueath the second costal streak. Cilia witli a violet irridescence. Himl wings dark brownish. Antonute dark brownish. Head wliitish beneath. Labial palj^i white, tliird joint dark In-ownisli exteriorly. Feet annulated with white. Wheu it alights after a flight, it ivalks in a wavy line and hirm round several times in a circle. I have a single specimen, taken on wing the 1st of June. PARECTOPA Clemens. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. June 1860, p. 209. P. Robiniella. — Fore wings fine Ijrown, somewhat golden, shaded witli dark brown. Along the costa are three oblique silvery streaks, the one nearest tin- base of the wing, short, and the others extended to the middle of tlie wing, each sha- ded along their margins with dark brown. On the inner margin are three sil- very dorsal spots, placed opposite the spaces between the costal streaks. Near the tip of the wing is a transverse, narrow, curved silver^/ line, passing from the costa to the inner angle. At the base of the cilia are two black converging lines, which do not meet opposite the apex of the wing. Cilia silvery white, tijiped with dark fuscous. Hind wings dark brown, cilia the same. AntenniB dark brown, very slightly annulated with whitish and the extreme tij) silvery-white. Head dark brown, tuft and face silvery-white. Labial paljii dark fuscous, the third joint silvery-white. Feet annulated with white. The larva mines the leaf of the locust, making a blotch mine, on the upper surface of the leaf, with a number of lateral galleries running out from it, on each side. Its habits in all respects are similar to those of F. IcspedezeefoliclJa. I am unable to indicate exactly the month in which it should be sought, as I have mislaid the notes made on this spe- cies; but I think it can be found in the latter part of spring. I have always found the mines untenanted at the time the leaf is mined by Litlhocolletis Rohiniella. 1868.] 5 In the Fifth Annual Report of New York State Agricultural Society. Dr. Fitch describes two locust leaf-miners. The first Anacampsu Ro- hhu'('//a, is unquestionably a LlthocoUctlx. If Dr. Fitch has been lead into no error it is a new species, and the specific name must be changed. The other species, ArgyroiuvjcR PseudacacicNa, is identical with Lith- ocollctis Rohiniella Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Nov. 1S59, p. 319, first descri- bed by myself a year or two previously in the Entomologist published in Loudon, by W. H. Stainton. P. Rohinella and L. Robhwllaave the only miners I have found in the leaf of the locust, although I have examined the leaves yearly for several years in succession. And I will candidly say, that I do not think there can be two species of Lithocollefis, that mine the leaves of the Locust, for Dr. Fitch's history of Anacampsis Rohiniella is contradictory and at variance with the natural history of the genus. His description of larva .shows, that it belongs to the second larval group (see Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Nov. 1859 p. 318) the mines of which are invariably /?c/^ dud situated on the up- per surface of the leaf; but according to his description the mine is on the under surface and tent like. The flattened Lithocolletis larvjiJ can- not make a mine similar to that of the cylindrical larvf>3, in consequence of the different formation of their heads. In all probability Dr. Fitch has been lead into error respecting the insect he has named Anacamp- sis Rohiniella.^ and I am unable to recognize in his description of the imago, any of the species of Lithocolletis known to me. BRENTHIA Clemens. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. May 1860, p. 172. Tlir second Joint of the labial palpi almost tufted. B. inflatella, — Fore M'iiigs dull orange; in the middle of the wing dark fus- cous, dusted with white. At the base of the wing are three or four small spots of a beautiful metallic green, and two others of the same hue, on the disk, be- tween which, on the costa. is a small white spot. At the apical third of the wing is a carved metallic green band, extending from the costa to the inner angle, beginning on the cinal 1863.] 7 brauch which appeal's to be a continuation of it. But from the orij>in of the first marginal branch, the vein is greatly attenuated and is de- flected towards the middle of the wing, and subdivides into two branches opposite the point at which the first marginal branch attains the costa. The two branches into which the subcostal divides are delivered one to the costa just behind the tip and the other midway between this and the costal end of the first marginal branch. The median vein is two- branched and is well defined from the base to its branches, all of which are attenuated. The posterior branch is short, and the next is deliv- ei'ed to the tip of the wing and receive an oblique discal vein fi'om the last branch of the subcostal, which closes the disk. The subuiedian vein is simple. Head smooth, with oppressed scales. Ocelli — ? Antenna? one-third less long than the fore wings. Labial palpi slender, ascending, not higher than the vertex; the second joint is scaly, the third smooth. Beneath the labial palpi are small, ascending maxillary palpi. Tongue naked, as long as the fore coxa and femora. The larva is much flattened, and the segments separated by deep in- cisions particularly on the sides. The head is extremely thin, circular, with a peculiar appendage in front of the mandibles, similar to that found in the larva of LithocoUetis of the second group^ which it like- wise resembles in form. Like these it has three feet and three abdom- inal prolet/s and one terminal pair, all very short. It leaves its mine at maturity to weave a white, semi-transparent cocoon within some cre- vice of the bark of the tree on which it feeds or upon the ground. The exterior of the cocoon is covered with little froth-like globules. which resemble minute pearls. The imago rests with the front part of the body elevated, and I be- lieve, the fore feet applied to the breast, like the members of the ge- nus Tischeria. The antenufe are held extended at the side of the head, and have a constant trembling motion. M. salictella. — Fore wings dark fuscous, with a silvery-white band at the basal third of the wing, and a slightly oblique one of the same hue, in the mid- dle, inclined towards the inner angle. Near the tip of the wing is a dorsal and costal silvery-white spot opposite each other. Behind the dorsal spot, is a nar- row, somewhat curved white streak, extending from the apical cilia to the mid- dle of the wing. Cilia silvery-grayish at the tips. Hind wings grayish-fuscous. Antennse grayish-fuscous. Head silvery-white. Labial palpi silvery: the hairs of the second joint touched with fuscous. Maxillary palpi dark fuscous. The larva mines the youns branches of the vellow willow tree. I 8 • [March have always found it in those that spring from the trunk. Its mine is extremely long and very narrow, being only a tract beneath the young and delicate cuticle of the branches, sufficiently wide to accommodate the body of the miner. At first it is difficult to detect the mine, but after some mouths it is easily traced by the elevated line of reddish- brown matter that marks the coarse of it. Thus it is easily found in early spring before the buds have ex2:»anded, and the larva may be sought in Api'il and is easily reared, In the spring the larva is of a dark lemon-yellow color without markings, and at this time the larva can be seen through cuticle of the branch. About the middle of May or rather about the 10th of the month, the larva will be found banded alternately with red and yellow, with two black dorsal dashes on the second segmant. (I regard the head as the first.) This is the indication that it has reached its maturity and in a day or two it cyits the cuticle and leaves the mine to weave its cocoon, sometimes in the ans-le of a bud on the branch of which it has been feeding, and sometimes on ad- jacent substances. In rearing this insect, it is simply necessary to thrust the branches of the willow into wet sand contained in some convenient vessel and to pr(jtect them so that the larva) cannot wander after leaving their mines. The perfect insect appears after a pupation of about a month, or as in the case of one s})ecimen specially observed in 26 days. It may be found as an imago, therefore, about the middle of June. GLYPHIPTERYX, Ilubuer. Wings oblong or elongate, with moderate long cilia. Ilind wings rather ovate or lanceolate. The costal vein is conspicuous, free and simple. The subcostal simple, attenuated towards the base. The dis- cal vein gives rise to two discal nervules. The median subdivides in- to three branches, the upper two arising from a conmion base. In the anterior wings the secondary cell is distinct and tlie subcostal vein subdivides into four branches, the first arising behind the second- ary cell and three from its hinder end, the last of which is delivered to the tip of the wing. Beneath these are three nervules thrown off from the middle of the disk. The median is 3-branched, giving ott' the nervules somewhat aggregated. Head smooth. Forehead broad. Ocelli large. Antennje slender, short, not one-half as long as the fore wings, with distinct joints. Lab- 18G8.] 9 ial palpi arched, reaching about the middle of the front, (but in the dried specimen decumbent or porrectcd) cylindrical, slightly hirsute; terminal joint pointed, as long as the second. Tongue naked, of mod- erate length. G. impigritella. — Fore wings dark bronzy-brown, with a conspicuous, curved silvery-white streak, arising from the basal third of the inner margin, where it is widest and curving to the middle of the wing and dark margined on both sides, On the costa are five short, silvery-white streaks, the first oblique, the others nearly perpendicular, all of which are black margined internally, the lines which form these margins are more or less distinctly extended across the wing. That of the first and second costal streaks meet just above the end of the con- spicuous dorsal streak from the inner margin. Between the costal streaks, the wing is slightly touched with golden-brown. Opposite the first and second cos- tal streaks, is a small white sjjot on the inner margin, the curved black margi- nal line of the second costal streak touching its inner side. At the tip of the wing is a conspicuous round black spot, and beneath it, in the cilia, is a silvery gray hook, and the cilia of the extreme tip is slightly touched with a silvery hue. Hind wings and cilia of the same hue as the fore wings. Antennse and head dark bronzy-brown. Labial palpi whitish, with fuscous exteriorly. Feet annulated with white. Taken on wing in July. This insect is very like G. equtteUa of Europe. The darker color of our species, the dark margined silvery streaks and the absence of silvery-violet spots, are the chief differenees. The European species burrows in the shoots of Sedum acre (Stone-croper Wild Orpine) and probably our species may be found in the same plant or another of the genus Sedum. GRACILAEIA Zeller. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Jan. 1860, p. 0. Wings with long cilia. Hind wings narrowly lanceolate; the costa is concave or excised in the middle. The costal vein is short, entering the costa at the beginning of the concavity. The subcostal vein is simple and runs near the costa, and is much attenuated posteriorly. The discal vein runs through the middle of the unclosed cell, arises at the base of the icing much attenuated, and is connected hy an inoscida- ting, minute hranch with the suhcostcd vein about the middle of tlie wing, and becomes furcate at its extremity. The median vein is plac- ed near the inner margin and is three-branched. Fore wings lanceolate. The discal cell is long and narrow and the subcostal vein is attenuated towards the base, and gives oif a single, rather long, marginal branch, cjuite near the base of the wing. From 10 [March the hinder portion of the discal cell nine nervules are given oif, four of which go to the costa, and five to the hinder margin. The sub- median vein is simple. Head and face smooth. Without ocelli. Antennae filiform, as long as the fore wings. Labial palpi slender, ascending, cylindrical; the second joint with approssed scales, not tufted ; the terminal joint point- ed. Maxillary palpi rather long, filiform. Tongue clothed with scales. In the small species of this genus, the maxillary palpi are less devel- oped, and the labial palpi are almost drooping. In the dried specimen the labial palpi are almost always more or less drooping. The species of this genus are elegant in form and often gaily color- ed or prettily mottled. The position of the imago at rest is extremely characteristic, but not peculiar to it. The front of the body is eleva- ted by the fore legs being held vertically, so that the tips of the wings touch the surface on which the insect rests. The imago appears to be about to poise itself on its wing-tips, or to have raised its head into a po- sition of profound attention. The larvae have only fourteen feet; when young they mine the leaves, but at a later period of growth many of the species constrnct cones, by rolling up a portion of the leaf. They devour the inner portion of the cone, which thus becomes discolored and easily observed. The description of the species below was made originally from a poor specimen, and I therefore take this opportunity to amend it from a per- fect specimen which I mistook at first for a distinct species. G. venustella. — Proo. Ac. Nat. Sci. Jan. 18U0, p. 6. Fore wings dark fuscous, with lour e(iui-distant costal streaks, the first, near the base of the wing, quite short; the second extended obliquely across, or nearly across, the wing and con- stricted or partially interrupted near the middle; the third likewise oblique, but narrower than the second, extended to the middle of the wing; the fourth, near the tip of the wing, slender, curved, nearly vertical to the costa and all d(i rk -margined internally. The basal portion of the inner margin is wliite. Cilia (lark fuscous, at the tip of the wings white, touched with black at their ends, and having a few black-tipped scales in the middle of the white spot. Hind wings dai'k fuscous, cilia the same. ^ Antennas fuscous. Head and face white. Labial palpi white, the 2nd joint fuscous at its end and the third with a broad fuscous ring, leaving the extreme I ip white. Taken on wing the 25th of July. GELECHIA Zeller. Hind ichiya trapezoidaL ■' fringe yellow and otherwise as in the male. Variety «. Female; expands 2y'^ inches. Primaries have the apex bluish-white, and an obsolete macular band, indicated only by clusters of scales along the margin and apex and by a line of scales anter- ior to these; on the under side of secondaries the hind and inner mar- gins have a bluish tint. From Pike's Peak ; in the Society's collection ; 6 males, 1 female. The second female is from the collection of Mr. George Newman and was taken among the llocky Mountains, some years ago, by Mr. Wood. Thecla Clothilde, nov. sp. Male. Expands y^^ inch. Upper side fuscous, sprinkled, next the base of primaries, Avith a few scales of deep metallic blue; on second- aries this color extends from the base through the disk to the hind margin. Underside uniform light greyish-brown, with a silky gloss; a trans- verse row of deep orange spots, each edged without by a few dark scales and a whitish border, commences on the costa of primaries, three- fourths the distance from the base, and terminates at the lowest branch of the median nervure; secondaries have a submarginal row of similar spots and a second irregular row crosses the disk; anal angle tinged with orange. Body fuscous above; blue-grey below; antennae dark with fine white rings; club dark with reddish-brown tip. Taken near Quebec, C.E., by Rev. Mr. Provancher. Hksperia Mystic, nov. sp. (Plate I, fig. 3 & 4.) Male. Expands ly~j inch. Primaries fulvous, with a wide, brown 16 [March hind margin, sinuous within; stigma large, velvet black; from its out- er extremity a black line runs along the arc; a reddish-brown patch nearly fills the space between the line and the margin. Secondaries have the disk tawny more or less shaded with brown along the arc and towards the inner margin. Under side ochrey-yellow, the dark portions of the upper surface indicated by a slight reddish or brownish shade; a band of indistinct pale yellow spots crosses the disk of primaries and secondaries have a similar band parallel to the hiud margin besides a spot near the base. Body above covered with yellowish-green hairs; below greyish-yel- low; palpi yellow; antennae and club black above, yellow below; club chestnut-red at tip. Female. Expands ly^^ inch. Primaries have the base brown and a patch like that beyond the stigma of the male; in some specimens, the whole surface is brown except a bent row of whitish-yellow spots across the nervules and the cell; secondaries as in the male. Under side reddish-brown with distinct yellow spots disposed as in the male; the color is sometimes chestnut-red and the spots deep yel- low; the basal half of the inner margins of primaries dark brown or blackish. Connecticut; Michigan; Canada West. Hesperia Huron, nov. sp. (Plate 1, figs. 1 & 2.) Male. Expands \^^ inch. Primaries tawny, the hind margin pale brown, broad and projecting in dentations upon the interspaces; the stigma lar^e, almond-shaped, silky-black edged with velvet-black at its outer extremity and with a small velvet bar upon its inner side; con- nected with it posteriorly is a rounded, velvety, brown patch; on the costa, near the apex, is a spot of tawny cut into three by the nervures, and, below this, in the brown margin, are two others. Secondaries brown with a tawny tinge on the disk and inner margin; near the anal angle a tawny projection reaches the edge of the wing. Under side of both wings ochreyryellow, except the costal margin and apex of primaries, which are slightly reddish; base of primaries brown; the dark portions of the upper surface indicated by a dark shade. Body covered with greenish hairs above; below greyish; palpi pale yellow; antenna! black above, yellow below; ehib reddif^li with tlie under side of the tip velvet-black. Female. Expands 1 ^\ inch. Upper side less tawny, often nearly blackish; besides the small costal and marii,inal spots, which are trans- parent, are two larger transparent spots in the disk; along the inner margin, a tawny dash, and a bar, more or less distinct, from the base across the cell; disk of secondaries obscure tawny, with three or four distinct large spots near the outer angle, and a faint tawny projection to the edge of the wing near the anal angle. Under side greyish-brown, reddish on costa of primaries next the base, with same spots as above; a dark brown band from the base to the first transparent spot; at the inner angle pale brown; across the disk of secondaries an indistinct belt of whitish .spots and two near the base. Illinois; Georgia; Texas; Washington, D. C. Hesperia consptcua, nov. sp. Female. Expands 1 p'^ inch. Upper side dark glossy brown with greenish hairs at base of wings; primaries have a bent row of semi- transjjarent yellow spots, commencing on the costa one-third the dis- tance from the apex and terminating on the middle of the inner mar- gin; the first three and the fifth of these spots are narrow and of equal length, the fourth exterior and smallest, the sixth a little larger than the fifth, the seventh twice the size of the sixth and nearly rec- tano-ular, the eiuhth and last sometimes obsolete; secondaries have, in the disk towards the costa, four yellow spots, the second largest and oblong, the others small and of nearly equal size; fringe light brown. Under side chesnut-brown, with a smoky tinge on the disk and in- ner margin of primaries, and a slight yellow tinge on the whole sur- face of secondaries, most conspicuous along the hind margin. Body above covered with greenish hairs ; abdomen yellow ; palpi yel- low; antennae yellow with narrow brown rings interrupted on the under side; club velvet-black above, chestnut-red below. IMale unknown. Lansing, Michigan, from Mr. Miles. Hesperia Pontiac, nov. sp. Male. Expands Ij^inch. Primaries tawny, obscure at the base. 18 [March bi'ight ou the disk, with a broad, brown hind margin that occupies nearly half the wing, from a point on the costa, one-third the distance from the apex and to the middle of the inner margin, deeply concave towards the apex and with an even edge ; the tawny portion taking nearly the shape of the wing; nervures black and conspicuous, espec- ially at the extremity of the cell; the stigma is a black velvety bar in a line with the arc. Secondaries dark brown, with a tawny spot in the disk near the out- er angle, cut into four by the nervures; the second from the costa largest and oblong; fringe tawny. Under side brown, with a tinge coi*responding to the same color above. Body covered with greenish hairs; beneath yellowish; palpi yellow- ish; antennae dark above, yellow-grey below; club velvety -black, with a fulvous tip. Female not known. Lansing, Michigan, from Mr. Miles. Hesperia Logan, nov. sp. (Plate 1, fig. 5.) Female. Expands ly-^ inch. Primaries have the hind margin broad, brown, and shaped as in Pontaic, slightly dentated on the inner edge; within the cell, next the arc, is a rhomboidal tawny spot; the rest of the cell, the base and the inner margin brown ; a small space without the arc is slightly brown; the band on the disk clear tawny, sickle- shaped, broad next the inner margin, narrowing rapidly towards the apex, curving around the cell and gradually diminishing till it disap- pears on the costa at one-third the distance from the apex: divided by the black nervures into spots. Secondaries have the disk bright tawny, making one large spot near- ly the shape of the wing, and which approaches the edges nearest at the outer angle; the margins brown and about one-half the width of the hind margin of primaries. Under side glossy greenish-yellow; the secondaries immaculate: the primaries with a large brown patch next the base; the same color bor- ders the inner margin and tinges the inner angle. The outer half of fringe of primaries brownish, the inner the same hue as the wings. Body covered with greenish hairs; beneath pale yellow; palpi yel- 18()8.] 19 low; anteunaj blackish above, yellowish beneath; <;lub l)lack. ferrugi- nous at tip. Lansing, Michigan, from Mr. Miles. Philadelphia, from Mr. Newman. Hesperia Delaware, nov. sp. Male. Expands \^\^ inch. Upper side uniform, glossy honey-yel- low, slightly obscure at the base of the wings; the nervures brown; costal edge of primaries brown ; hind margin with a narrow brown border which extends a little distance on the costal and inner margin, attenuated at either extremity; the stigma resembles that of Z((huJon, being a slight blackish bar upon the arc. Under side nearly same color, a little paler; base and inner margin of primaries blackish. •Body above greenish-black; sides of abdomen same color as the wings; beneath paler; palpi reddish-yellow; antenna? yellow with trans- verse black lines on upper side ; club reddish, black beneath the tip. Female. Same size; wholly like the male, except the stigma. Variety a. Female: primaries with a wide brown margin, and sec- ondaries brown except a small space on the disk. Philadelphia, from Mr. Newman. Hesperia Uncas, nov. sp. 31ale. Expands !/„ inch. Primaries silky-brown, except a small ochrey-yellow space on the disk, mostly back of the stigma ; the costa next the base sprinkled with fine yellow scales; near the apex are three yellow-white spots and two faint spots in the margin below these ; near the end of the stigma a small wedge-shaped spot of paler color than the disk; stigma long, narrow, with a slight bend downwards and a vitreous gloss. Secondaries have the margins brown, broadest on costa; disk yellow- ish, obscured by brown hairs, beneath which appear, indistinctly, a transverse row of lighter spots; fringe white. Under side greenish-yellow, sprinkled with brown except on the in- ner margins of both wings; the spots on primaries repeated in white; secondaries have a row of white patches connected by white lines, com- ing from the base around the costa to the middle of the wing, there connected with another patch nearer the base; these white spots edged 20 [March posteriorly with brown ; the inner half of the wing yellowish, immac- ulate. Body above li'reenish; abdomen and palpi yellowish-white; antenn;e brown above, yellowish below; club black above and beneath the tip, reddish on the sides. Female. Expands \f^^ inch: of duller color; a large greyish spot corresponds to the stigma of the the male, posterior to which the yel- low spots are arranged in a transverse, irregular band; a foint tawny band across secondaries. Philadelphia, from Mr. Newman. Hesperia Ocola. nov. sp. Male. Expands Xfj^ inch. Upper side dark glossy brown with an olivaceous tint; a large sagittate transparent spot at the origin of the third median uervule and a small transparent spot in the angle above ; on the costa are one or two minute similar spots; secondaries immacu- late ; fringe greyish-brown. Under side same color as above without the olivaceous tint, the whole surface much wrinkled longitudinally; spots as above. Body same color as the wings, below greyish ; abdomen yellow, with a median brown line, on either side of which are two brown lines; pal- pi brownish-yellow; antennte black; club black with a red tip. In some specimens the transparent spots are nearly or quite obsolete. Ftmale similar to the male, but of duller color. (feorgia; Florida; Texas. Hesperia Mandan. nov. sp. Expands 1,\, inch. Upper side brown, spotted with ochrey-yel- low; primaries have a marginal series of small spots, with two of larg- er size that are submarginal; a straight transverse row on the disk of large, angular spots, interrupted against the submarginal ; two others in the cell, separated by a circular brown space. Secondaries have a small spot near the base, another on inner mar- gin, a large, rounded one in the disk, and a submarginal series of small spots and points. T'^nder side : primaries almost wholly oehrey-yellow. the spots eorres- lsc.:5.] 21 jxnidiiiii- with those above, but enhirged and conflueut; secondaries ]);il(' reddish-bniwn. with rounded spots of soiled white, corresponding gen- erally with those above, but larger; the submarginal row is complete, and the margin is bordered by lunules ; near the base is a second spot on the costa of equal size with the other. Lake Winnipeg, from Mr. R. W. Kennicott. This species is allied to /\(iiisrii!< and Sj/Ivms of Europe. Hespkria Omaha, nov. sp. Male. Expands j\^ inch. Upper side brown with spots and patches of fulvous; fringe fulvous. Primaries have the basal half of costal margin fulvous, a roundeitrlanx Hiibu., ^ly- nlnionia anilh Drury, Clhiocampa sylvatica, Harris, Anthoeda n'vulo- sa Gn., Goi-fijiui ric'hris Gn., and Dcilrphila rchrio. 97U CoLEOPTERA {Olchulcla splenilida, C. L'-cnnter, C. inacra, 0- mophron tessellataim, Calosoma Willcoxi, Carahus Lapllai/i^ Dijarhir- ius sphsericoUis, D. globnlosus, Leptotrachflus (lorxalix^ Ap>ri.late 2, fig. 2, 9-) Anterior wings brownish, reddish along the costa and in the termin- al space and showing five irregular whitish spots. Of these, three are disposed along the internal margin, the centre one being the largest; the fourth and smallest surmounts the third spot near the internal an- gle and a fifth, irregular shaped, shows near the costa and beyond it the discal spot black. Posterior wings reddish Avith discal spot and term- inal band, black. Under surface of the wings reddish, darker on the anterior pair which show the discal spot and an interrupted transverse subterminal line, black. Abdomen reddish, thorax and head brownish. Exp., one inch. Hah. Canada. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philada.) From the Rev. Chas. J. S. Bethune, Cobourg, C. W. Resembles C. ruhrlcundaria in size but is very distinct from that species. The species generally under this genus are subject to considerable variation and there appears to be some confusion in their nomenclature and syn- 1863.] 31 onynis. I do not consider Arctia nibricosa Harris, as a synonym of Crocota rubricundaria Hiibn. (See App. to Morris' Synopsis.) Harris' figure and description point to a much larger species belonging to a diifereut genus, a specimen of which I have determined in the Collec- tion of this Society. The description of C. ojidla was by error placed under Lithosina. The place for this genus is untnistakeably under the present family. LITHOSINA, H. S. Gen. HYPOPREPIA, Hiibu. H. Packardii n. sp. (See plate 2, fig. 6, 9 •) Anterior wings entire, silky, dark steel grey with a yellowish well defined spot on the costa near the apex. A band of the same color on the internal margin, well defined and commencing near the internal angle and continuing to the base of the wing, showing a spot of the same shade as the ground color. Posterior wings rose color with a wide greyish border not extending quite to the anal angje. Under side of the wings showing the markings of the upper. Head rose color. Antennas darkish. Thorax yellowish. Abdomen rose color. Exp. eleven sixteenths of an inch. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) A female taken in Pennsylvania. In coloring, this species resembles H. fucosa Htibn., of which latter species Ltthoaia miniata Kirby and Gnophria vitatta Harris, are un- doubtedly synonyms. I have dedicated this species to Mr. A. S. Packard Jr, of Bruns- wick, Maine, an Entomologist to whom I am indebted for many kind- nesses. DENDROMETPtlNA, H. S. Gen. AMPHIDASYS Treitschke. A paenulataria n. sp. (See plate 2, fig. Z, %.) Anterior wings brownish-grey with a greyish semi-circular band at the base enclosing a dark brownish space wider at the costa. Median 32 [April space dark brownish detiued by two darker undulating lines. Terminal space greyish tinged with brown and with a terminal luuulated black line. Entire wing mottled with black. Posterior wings resembling anterior. Basal half dark brownish defined by a black irregular median line, show- ing a black discal spot with a white streak inside. Terminal half of the wing greyish tinged with brown and with a darker sub-terminal shade line. Terminal margin with a black lunulated line. Entire wing mottled with black. Thorax whitish anteriorly, grey posteriorly. Collar black. Head and abdomen greyish, latter crested. Under sur- face of wings showing the markings of the upper without the brownish tinge in the terminal spaces. A male. Exp. If inch. Middle States. Kindness of Mr. J. Akhurst. Manifestly distinct from A. (f') quernaria A & S., and A. coyimtaria Gn., with specimens of which latter species, I have compared it. PHYTOMETRINA, H. S. Gen. EUPITHECIA Curtis. E. miserulata n. sp. (See plate 2. tig. 4, 9-) Clear greyish, silky. Anterior wings with a black interrupted ter- minal line and with a greyish fringe interrupted with black. Discal spot linear, black. Terminal space shaded with dark grey. From the costa several ill defined darker shade lines traverse the wing to the in- ternal margin, the best defined of which is wavy running outside of the discal mark. Posterior wings clear greyish showing a discal spot, with a black interrupted terminal line and greyish fringe as on anterior wings. From the internal margin, between the anal angle and the base, two wavy lines cross the wing; near the base are others indistinct, in- terrupted. Under side clear greyish showing the discal spots and two wavy dark grey lines on both wings. Head, palpi, thorax and abdomen greyish. Exp. f to I inches. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia.) Northern Virginia. This species which is a true EHpitlmia, differs .specifically from the description of the C!alifornian E. sH?»apicuta (th.. and is the only spe- cies belonging to this genus 1 am aP((uaiiit('d with from the Atlantic Slope. ISGH] Contributions to the Natural History of the CYNIPID^ of the United States and of their galls. Article 3rd. BY BARON R. OSTEN SACKEN. Since my first articles on this subject {on the Ci/nipklse of the oak., in Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., Oct. 1861, and Additions, etc., ibid. Sept. 1862), I have continued to work out the collections of galls and their inmates I had on hand ; a large supply of materials I owe to the libe- rahty of Mr. Norton. Thus I found myself able, in addition to the Ci/ni])id(v. of the oak, described in the above quoted papers, to prepare one on those of the hhiekJiern/ and the rose, which I submit herewith to the friends of entomology. The present publication does not exhaust the materials contained in my collection and I hope, in one or two more articles, to bring them also before the entomological public. As all these papers, although disconnected, serve to complete each other, thus gradually accumulat- ing a store of materials for the future monographer, I have preferred to publish them henceforth under a general title. New York, March 6, I860. Cynips-Galls on the Blackberry — {liii/jvs sp.) The two cynipideous galls heretofore found on the blackberry bushes of this country are the pi'oduee of two species of the genus Dietstruphus Hartig. This deserves to be noticed, as the first and only insect of this genus, described by Hartig, was also reared from a gall on the black- berry. Two more species have been described since by Mr. Giraud (Verh. Zool. Bot. Gesellsch. Wien, 1859, p. 368), the one reared from a gall on Centatirea scahiosa, the other captured in the net. The genus Biastrophns, as all the other of Hartig's genera, has not been defined anywhere. From Mr. Hartig's analytical sketch (Germ. Z. II, p. 186, and from the addition to it, given 1. c. IV, p. 410), we merely gather that BiasfrojJnis has 15 ( S ) and 14 ( 9 ) jointed an- tennae, five-articulate maxillary and three-articulate labial palpi. The characters taken from the number of joints of the palpi, are, in my 84 [April opinion, of little practical value, as anybody can satisfy himself by try- ing to count them. As for the number of joints of the antennae, it seems to vary. One of the species described below (Z). nebulosus) has 14 ( S ) and 13 ( 9 ) joints ; Giraud's D. scabiosse has the same num- ber; of his D. areolatm he possessed only the 9 and it likewise has 13 joints. The other N. American species, however, which I describe below {D. cuscutae/oi-mis) has, like Hartig's D. ruhi 15 ( S ) and 14 ( 9 ) joints. f What Hartig says about the antennae of the % (1. c. p. 410, at bottom), " that the last joint is subdivided in two joints of nearly e({ual length, thus making 15 joints", seems to indicate a struc- ture similar to that of D. cuscutaefomis % , where the 15th joint ap- pears to be a mere subdivision of the 14th. One of the most curious circumstances connected with the history of two North American blackberry galls, observed by me is, that be- sides the Diastro2)hus, apparently the genuine originator of the gall, they produce another gall-fly, probably parasitical, belonging to the genus Aulax Hartig, and showing the most striking resemblance in size, coloring, and sculpture, to the Diastrophus, their companion. The one is the very counterpart of the other, hardly showing any differences, except the strictly generic characters ! This seems to be again one of those curious instances, so frequent in entomology, of the resemblance between the parasites and their hosts I By rearing a considerable number of galls of D. nebuloana, I obtained this species as well as its parasite almost in equal numbers. By cutting some of the galls open, I ascertained that a single specimen of the gall frequently contained both species, thus setting aside a possible doubt whether these insects are not produced by two diiferent, although closely similar galls. From the gall of D. custutaeformis I also obtained an Aulax (comp. below). The genus Aulax Hartig (Ai/lax in Germ. Z. II and III, Aulax in vol. IV, p. 412) is not much better defined than Diastrophus, and I owe the determination of both to Dr. Kheinhard, in Bautzes, Saxony. Aulax, according to Hartig, has the antennae 15 or 16 jointed (S ), 14 or 15 jointed ( 9 )• The three species described by Giraud have all 14 ( S ) and 13 ( 9 ) joints. * I have to add, however, that I can count ouh^ 13 joints in the 9 specimens of Z>. rubi, kindly sent me by Dr. Rheinhard. 1863.] ■;:, My A. si/hestris has 14 ( S ) and 12 ( 9 ) joints. Another North American species, parasitical in the gull of Rhodites radicum 0. S. is, in this respect, like the preceding. The striking diifereuce in the structure of the abdomen of the % and the $ is, as Mr. Eheinhard informs me, a peculiarity of this <>enus. As to the position of Aidax in the system, that assigned to it by Hartig is somewhat doubtful, as, according to his statement, some of its spe- cies are true gall-producers (Psenides), others parasites {Inquilinae). The further observations of Giraud have not dispelled these doubts. Of the European 16 species at pi-esent described, seven are said to pro- duce galls on Salvia, Scorzonera, Papaver rJioeas, Hieracmm and Glechoma ; three have been reared from galls of other species, (two from Phodttes-gaWs on the rose, one from an oak-gall of Andricus). The N. American Aidax known to me at present, are all parasites. A. si/lv€stris, described below, lives in the gall of PiastmjyJius ; Aidax semipicea Harris is obtained from the root-gall of the rose (^Rhodites radicum 0. S.), and was mistaken by Dr. Harris for the originator of this gall. A third species, A.futilis, which I described in my paper on the Cynipidae of the oak (Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. I, p. 64) is some- what doubtful, as I was not well acquainted with the characters of the genus Aidax at that time, and have accidentally broken since the only specimen, which I reared from the gall of Ci/nips q. futilis 0. S. I moreover possess three other species, all reared from rose-galls, and of one of which (^4. infuscatus 0. S.) I give a short description below. This inconstancy in the habits of the species of the same genus is rather anomalous, and requires further observation. I would remind here of a very common reniform gall occurring on Vacciniimi in this country, and from which, although collected quite abundantly, I never reared anything but two Chalcidii : a Decatoma and a Pteromalo'id insect. Would this be considered as a sufficient proof that either of these insects is the originator of the gall ? The neuration of the wings of the species of Aidax^ especially the form of the radial area, undoubt- edly establishes their relationship to the parasitical Cynipidae {Inqui- linae^. Hartig says (1. c. Ill, p. .3.34) that the radial area in Aida.r is closed in some species, open in others. Judging by the structure of this area in A. sylveMris and A. semipicea, I am inclined to believe that this character, at least in this genus, is a very indefinite one, as the closing 38 [April Diastrophus nebulosus. 9 antennre, 13 jointed, last joint as long as the two preceding taken to- gether, etc. "J, antennaj 14-jointed; 1st joint longer, last joint shorter than in A.sylvestris. Prothorax (collare) and humeri acicu- lated. ■ Thorax smooth and very shining above, without any vestige of a sculpture, except the usual furrows. Interval between the anterior ends of the parapsidal grooves (near the pro- thorax) smooth ; the two short, inter- mediate grooves usually apparent there, are hardly perceptible. % abdomen oval, more or less attenu- ated and pointed ( not truncate ) behind; it is compressed from above that is, its vertical diameter is longer than, or at least equal to, its trans- verse diameter. 9 abdomen in structure, like that of the % (with the usual sexual differ- ences) ; that is, the second and third segments of the abdomen do not dif- fer considerably in length. Sheath of tlie ovipositor concealed. Wings. Subcostal, first and second transverse veins much stouter than the others and clouded with brown. Second transverse vein slightly arched and shorter than in A. sylvestris. Aulax sylvestris. 9 antennre, 12-jointed, last joint longer than the two preceding taken toge- ther, subcylindrical, showing a sub- division in three joints. % antennas, 14-jointed; first joint shor- ter, last joint longer than in D, nebu- losus. Prothorax and humeri indistinctly punctured and finely downy. Dorsum of the thorax appearing mi- nutely punctured under a strong magnifying power, and therefore somewhat less shining than in D. ' nebulosus. Interval between the anterior ends of the parapsidal grooves with some distinct punctures ; the two short, intermediate grooves are apparent. % abdomen bell or funnel-shaped, trun- cate behind; it is compressed from the sides, that is, its transverse dia- meter, at the broadest place is shorter than its vertical diameter. 9 abdomen very different in structure from tliat of the male, as the second segment occupies almost its whole surface, the following ones being either concealed under it or protrud- ing but little beyond it; the abdomen is strongly compressed from the sides, that is, its vertical diameter is much longer than the transverse one ; seen from above, the abdomen appears somewhat bell-shaped in outline, being oval and truncated at top. Sheath of the ovipositor directed up- wards and protruding distinctly. Subcostal, etc., not, or very slightly, stouter than the radial vein, not clouded with brown. Second transverse vein straight and longer than in D. nebulosu.H. 1868.] 89 The consequence of this last difference is that the radial area of Aulax is broader, resembling in this respect those of the other Inqui- linae, whereas the nan-ower, although short, area of DlaMroj)hu!i, with the areolet nearer its basis, is more like those of the true Cynipidae (^Psenides). Other differences between the two species are, that A. sylvestris has the areolet slightly larger, that its feet are somewhat paler, etc. RuBUS sp. Blackberry. A number of small, round, hollow bodies, forming a cluster rouna a branch. DiASTROPHUS CUSCUTiEFORMTS n. sp. I possess two specimens of this gall, collected near Bladensburgh , Md., and kindly communicated to me by Mr. Hitz. The globular, seedlike bodies, each having about 0.1 in diameter and producing a single insect, are (in one of my galls) from 60 to 70 in number, and occupy a space of about an inch and a half on the branch. They are pressed closely together and offer some resemblance to the seeds of Cuscuta, when found in winter attached to a stem. Many of the round bodies emit more or less strong spines, which impair in a measure the regularity of their form. The consistency of their shell is woody ; their color bi'ownish, like that of the branch. I was unable to ascertain on what species of Ruhus this gall occurs. Besides the Diastrophus, originating this gall, I have obtained from it an Ormyrus and an Aulax, which, as far as I can judge frum a single specimen, is my A. sylvestris, also reared from the other blackberry- gall. Diastroph.uscuscutaeformisn.sp. Pitch brown or black; antennae and feet red; areolet wanting; wings hyaline, a small brown cloud near the anterior margin, on the angle formed by the second transverse vein and the tip of the subcostal; % 15 (?), 9 IJ: jointed antennae. This species is like D. nebulosus in sculpture and coloring, with the following differences : 1. The 9 antennae are 14 (and not 13-jointed) ; the last joint is shorter than the two preceding taken together, sub- conical, pointed; the 9 antennae (at least in the only specimen of that sex which is in my possession) have the 14th joint elongated and sub- divided by a somewhat indistinct suture in two unequal halves, the posterior one being the shortest and thus forming a minute 15th joint. 38 [April Diastrophus nebulosus. 9 anteniue, 13 jointed, last joint as long as the two preceding taken to- gether, etc. % antennae 14-jointed; 1st joint longer, last joint shorter than in A.sylvestris. Prothorax (collare) and humeri acicu- lated. Thorax smooth and very shining above, without any vestige of a sculpture, except the usual furrows. Interval between the anterior ends of the parapsidal grooves (near the pro- thorax) smooth ; the two short, inter- mediate grooves usually apparent there, are hardly perceptible. % abdomen oval, more or less attenu- ated and pointed ( not truncate ) behind; it is compressed from above that is, its vertical diameter is longer than, or at least equal to, its trans- verse diameter. 9 abdomen in structure, like that of the % (witli the usual sexual differ- ences) ; that is, the second and third segments of the abdomen do not dif- fer considerably in length. Sheath of the ovipositor concealed. Wings. Subcostal, first and second transverse veins much stouter than the others and clouded with brown. Second transverse vein slightly arched and shorter than m A. sylvestris. Aulax sylvestris. 9 antennae, 12-jointed, last joint longer than the two preceding taken toge- ther, subcylindrical, showing a sub- division in three joints. % antennse, 14-jointed; first joint shor- ter, last joint longer than in D. nebu- losus. Prothorax and humeri indistinctly punctured and finely downy. Dorsum of the thorax appearing mi- nutely punctured under a strong magnifying power, and therefore somewhat less shining than in D. ' nebulosus. Interval between the anterior ends of the parapsidal grooves with some distinct punctures ; the two short, intermediate grooves are apparent. % abdomen bell or funnel-shaped, trun- cate behind; it is compressed from the sides, that is, its transverse dia- meter, at the broadest place is shorter than its vertical diameter. 9 abdomen very different in structure from that of the male, as the second segment occupies almost its whole surface, the following ones being either concealed under it or protrud- ing but little beyond it; the abdomen is strongly compressed from the sides, that is, its vertical diameter is much longer than the transverse one ; seen from above, the abdomen appears somewhat bell-shaped in outline, being oval and truncated at top. Sheath of the ovipositor directed up- wards and protruding distinctly. Subcostal, etc., not, or very slightly, stouter than the radial vein, not clouded with brown. Second transverse vein straight and longer than in D. nebulosu.'i. 1863.] 39 The consequence of this last difference is that the radial area of A^dax is broader, resembling in this respect those of the other Inqm- linae, whereas the narrower, although short, area of Diasfrophus, with the areolet nearer its basis, is more like those of the true Cynipidae (Psenides). Other differences between the two species are, that A. sylvestris has the areolet slightly larger, that its feet are somewhat paler, etc. RuBUS sp. Blackberry. A number of small., round .^ hollow hudies, forming a duster round a branch. DiASTROPHUS CUSCUT^FORMIS n. sp. I possess two specimens of this gall, collected near Bladensburgh , Md., and kindly communicated to me by Mr. Hitz. The globular, seedlike bodies, each having about 0.1 in diameter and producing a single insect, are (in one of my galls) from 60 to 70 in number, and occupy a space of about an inch and a half on the branch. They are pressed closely together and offer some resemblance to the seeds of Cuscuta, when found in winter attached to a stem. Many of the round bodies emit more or less strong spines, which impair in a measure the regularity of their form. The consistency of their shell is woody ; their color brownish, like that of the branch. I was unable to ascertain on what species of Hubus this gall occurs. Besides the Diasfrophus, originating this gall, I have obtained from it an Ormyrus and an A^dax^ which, as far as I can judge frum a single specimen, is my A. sylvestris., also reared from the other blackberry- gall. Diastroplius cuscutaeformis n. sp. Pitch brown or black; antennae and feet red; areolet wanting; wings hyaline, a small brown cloud near the anterior margin, on the angle formed by the second transverse vein and the tip of the subcostal; % 15 (?), 9 14 jointed antennae. This species is like Z>. nehidosus in sculpture and coloring, with the following differences : 1. The 9 antennae are 14 (and not 13-jointed); the last joint is shorter than the two preceding taken together, sub- conical, pointed ; the 9 autennge (at least in the only specimen of that sex which is in my possession) have the 14th joint elongated and sub- divided by a somewhat indistinct suture in two unequal halves, the posterior one being the shortest and thus forming a minute 15th joint. 40 [April '1. The color of the auteunaj is somewhat more brownish. 8. The face is acicuhited all over its surface, without any smooth spot in the mid- dle. 4. The scutullum is drawn out into a point, almost subconical. 5. The wings have no areolet (two specimens have an irregularly formed areolet on the left wing only) ; this cell, however, cannot even be con- sidered as a true areolet, as, instead of being formed by a bifurcation of the second transverse vein, it occupies the lower corner of the radial area. 6. The brown cloud near the tip of the subcostal vein is larger and more distinct ; this portion of that vein is very stout, dark brown, and is distinctly attenuated before reaching the margin, whereas in D. nehulosns it has the appearance of touching the margin, and is paler brown and less distinctly attenuated. 7. The pale brown clouds, in the form of streaks, towards the tip of the wing, which exist in D. vrbuloms, are wanting here. One % and eight 9 specimens. The % is easily distinguished by the third antennal joint, excised below. The coloring of this species, like that of the preceding, is frequently more or less brownish or red- dish, especially on the face, the collare and the humeri, according to the maturity of the specimens. Cynips-galls on the liosE. I. The Galls. I am ac({uainted with eight cynipideous galls on the diflferent kinds of roses of this country. My account of them is, perhaps, not so com- plete as I would desire it, as most of these galls have not been observed by myself, but were communicated to me by others. 1. An agglomeration of hard cells round a branch^ the whole covered irltli. long and dense greenish filaments (did forming a moss-like mass of an inch and a half or more in diameter. This, or a similar gall (see Reaumur, vol. Ill, Tab. 47) is well known in Europe under the name of the bedeguar, (from the Hebrew bedeguach, said to mean rose- apple), and was formerly used medicinally. I cannot discover any difference between the gall-fly obtained in this country and some Euro- pean specimens of R. rosae, communicated to me by Mr. Rheinhardt. One specimen of the gall from New York, was communicated to me by Mr. (Hover ; another, with numerous female Rhodites reared from it, by Mr. Norton. Mossy galls of simillar appearance, but much smaller, 1863.] 41 occur frequently on rose leaves. 1 do not know whether they arc the produce of the same insect. Besides the ordinary parasites, a beautiful Eupi'lmux with rudiiuental wings and two elevated ridges on the nieso- thorax, has been reared from this gall. 2. Hard, iraodj/^ Irrecfular sirr//iii(/ of tin' hraiir/ics, vut Indj' an inch or a littlr more in diameter. This is the gall of Bhoditi s dic/d<>rrj-ux Harris (Harris, Insects, etc.. p. 549, Tab. A'lII, p. 8, of the 3d edition). Specimens from New York and Connecticut were communicated to me by ]Mr. Akhurst and ^1 r. E. Norton. The % and 9 insect are described below under the above name. Au/a.i\ CaU!niom<\ Ormi/rvx and Eitri/tom(t were reared from this aall. Several 9 specimens of Rhoditcs apparently identical with 7*^. dlch- locerns were labelled in Mr. Norton's collection as having been reared from the elongated, densely prickly rose-gall (comp. below, No. 8). If this is not a mistake, it would lead to one of the two conclusions : either the insects obtained from the two galls offer some nice distinctions which escaped my scrutiny, or the prickly gall No. 8 is a mere variety of the other. 3. Oblong or rounded »V(din. A short, brown line or i^rojeetiou. like the stump of a vein, on the underside of the areolet, near the angle directed towards the tip of the wing ; elongated brownish clouds, indefinite in outline, in tlie apical area R. bicolor Harris. No such line or stump I 4. A more or less distinct brown spot or cloud at the tip of the radial vein, near the margin of the wing; another on the transverse vein between the areolet and the margin : space of the radial area between these two clouds hyaline; no glossy, shining spots on the pleurse R. ignota n. sp. Eadial area tinged more viniforraly than in the pre- ceding species ; j^l^ura; with smooth spots, which are much more glossy than their surroundings R. rosse Linn. ."). Parapsidal grooves remarkably deep; areolet small. radial and a23ical arese clouded R. radicum n. >ji. Parapsidal grooves very moderate , areolet of ordi- nary size; hardly any distinct clouds on the radial and apical are* R. verna n. sp. FKMALE SEX. 1. Whole liody pale chestnut R. dichlocerus Harris. Body black R. radicum n. sp. Head and tliorax black, abdomen red 2 2. Whole abdomen red •' Three or four of the last segments black R. rosse Linn. 3. No stump or projection on the second transverse vein. inside of the radial area; the latter and its sur- roundings clouded with pale brownish R. verna u. sp. A stump of a vein or a pointed or angular projection on the second transverse vein, inside of the radial area t \. P.adial area and its environs clouded ; a short brown line, like the stump of a vein on the underside of the areolet R- bicolor Harris. Two small, but well-marked clouds occupy both sides of the radial area, its middle being hyailnt? R. ignota n. sp. -1:0 [April Daarrtption of the species. Rhodites dichlocerus Harris. Syn. Cynips dichlocerus Harris, Ins. of Mass. 3cl edit. p. 549. % 0.1 long, black, base of abdomen red. 9 0.14 long, brownish red, antennse black, except the three ))asal joints. % Head black, dark reddish behind, sometimes also with a reddish spot ou the inside of the eye; mandibles (except tip) and labrum red; two basal joints of the antennse often reddish-brown. Thorax black, subopaque, pubescent, punctate and rugose, parapsidal grooves well marked, intermediate grooves flat, with a shining bottom; often a reddish spot on the pleuraj, immediately over the anterior coxse , sometimes one on the scutellum; abdomen black, yel- lowish-red at base; this red has more extent on its sides (where it sometimes reaches the third segment), than on its back; feet red; eoxte red with l)lack base, sometimes black with reddish tip; tip of tarsi black ; wings hyaline; the second transverse vein curved or angular; areolet either of moderate size, or very small, or altogether wanting, its sides coalescing into one stout vein (this is quite often the case with this species). 9 Head brownish red, cheeks generally more brownish ; antennte : three basal joints, except the very tip of the third, red; the remainder black; thorax brownish red, sculpture as in the % ; abdomen brownish red; pointefl tip of the lower half of the last segment, brown ; wings pale brownish; radial area and surroundings clouded with pale brown; areolet extant; second transverse vein angular. Numerous % and 9 specimens; the latter more common. Mr. Har- ris does not notice the diiFerence in color of the S and the 9 j ^^ o^^lj mentions a darker variety, which may be the % . Some of the % spe- cimens are much smaller than the others, and with much less red at the base of the abdomen. The gall is described above (No. 2). Rhodites radicum n. sp. % 0.1.3 long; coxfe black. 9 0.1.5 long; coxse dark reddish, their base black. Head and antennse l)lack ; two basal joints of the latter sometimes reddish- brown; mandibles reddish; thorax black, somewhat shining, densely, but very finely and uniformly sculjitured, so as to give its surface a silky appearance ; parapsidal grooves broaden' and deeper thaji in the other species, running down to the humeri ; intermediate grooves short, but well marked ; pubescence of the thorax above scattered and hardly apparent, except on a side-view ; pleurae with two smooth and shining oblong spaces; humeri very rugose, scutellum likewise; -abdomen black, shining, sometimes brown; borders of segments sometimes paler ; feet dark red, two hind pairs of femora infuscated, especially at base ; tips of tarsi brown ; wings : radial and apical areae and a portion of the cubital clouded with brown; areolet rather small; its angle, directed to- wards the base of the wing, is for the most time jiale, subobsolete; the portion of the cubital between the first transverse vein and the areolet is often subob- 1803.] 47 solete or obsolete in this species : the second transverse vein is smooth, with- out projection inside of the radial area, although sometimes slightly angular. The sexes in this species are more alike than in any other; they are. however, easily distinguished by the structure of the abdomen. The specimens which I possess in considerable number, were com- municated to me by Mr. E. Norton. As already noticed above. Dr. Harris's C i^emipi'cea cannot possibly refer to this species. (Compare about it the description of the gall, under No. 4.) Rhodites rosae Linn. % Black. 9 (I.IH — 0.15 long, abdomen red, black at tij). 9 Head and antennfe black, mandibles reddish, thorax black, pubescent, smooth and but finely sculi)tured, parapsidal grooves not deep, and quite in- distinct when viewed from above, stopping some distance before reaching the humeri, intermediate furrows well marked, shining at bottom, pleurte with two oblong, shining spots, abdomen red, the four last segments black : feet red, coxfe and tip of tarsi black , wings pale brownish, with a brown cloud on the radial area and its surroundings ; the second transverse vein, which is angular, has a small, but distinct projection within the radial area; areolet of moder- ate size. The sculpture of the thorax is not dense enough to render it opaque and it retains some of its gloss; in this respect it resembles the R. verna. By all means, the black tip of the abdomen renders this spe- cies sufficiently distinct. The male seems to be very rare, as among 200 specimens which passed through my hands, thanks to Messrs. Norton and Akhurst, there was only a single % . I was unfortunate enough to lose it in attempt- ing to paste it on paper. The glimpse I had of it was sufficient to show that its abdomen was black, and its wings less tinged with brown. (The European Rhodites rosse % has also a black abdomen.) The gall of this species has been described above (under No. 1); it is similar to the European gall, known as the hedcguar of the rose. I could not perceive any difference between my specimens of the Euro- pean R. rosse Linn, and the American insect. Rhodites verna n. sp. %, 0.1 — 0.11 long, body black, feet red, coxse black. 9 0.15 long, abdomen red: feet, including the coxse, red: base of the latter black. Head and antennte black, mandibles reddish, thorax black, findy, not densely sculptured, somewhat shining, pubescent, parapsidal grooves moderately deep ; 48 [April tlioy luiioli the huiueri : ihe iuteriui-diate grooves generally appear as smooth Hues, unless viewed obliquely; seutellutn rugose on the sides, more smooth in the middle, l)ut. in general, not so rough in appearance as in most other species : ahdomen ( 'J, ) Ijlack, ( 9 ) vsd, fringed with pale yellowish hairs on the hind borders of the segments; tip of the point on the underside of the 9 ahdomen Iirown : hasis of % femora Krownisli ; wings % hyaline, 9 somewliat tinged with brown iind with a more or less distinct cloud on the radial area and its surroundings; in l)oth sexes, the second tranverse vein has no projection within the radial arra ami is arcuate : the areolet is of a moderate size, larger in 9- T\V(i % and l(i 9 specimens reared by me in Washington, from the galls. These have been described above (No. 8). The fringe of pale yellow hairs on the border of the % abdominal segments seems to be peculiar to this species, as it is quite distinct in all my specimens, whereas I do not notice it in the numerous speci- mens of other species, commtmieated to me by ]Mr. Norton. R. verna resembles in coloring R. hicolor and R. ignota ; but the latter is easily distinguished by the peculiar coloring of its wings ; R. JiiroJor by its less pubescent, more roughly sculptured, and" therefore more opaqtie thorax and seutellum, the structure of its second trans- verse vein, etc. Ehodites bicolor Harris. 'J, (1.1.) long, black : feet red. coxte black. 9 0.1.") — fl.K) long, abdomen red ; feet and coxfe. except at the base, red. This species is so much like the preceding, in both sexes, that it will Ije sulfieient. for its recognition, to notice the difierences. Thorax less pubescent, somewhat more roughly sculptured and thei-efore more opaque ; parajjsidal furrows somewhat deeper : the intermediate furrows appear as distinct ridges when viewed obliquely: seutellum, likewise, more deeply rugose : the smooth, glossy spots existing on the pleurre of some other species are hardly a'pparcnt here, these spots being sculptured more or less like the remainder of the pleurfe; the brownish cloud on the radial area of the 9 is more intense: the % wing is also somewhat clouded along the stout veins and has two indistinct clouds in the apical area: the second transverse vein has a light projoctinu about its middle, in the radial area (in some specimens this projection is very small); the veins forming the anterior angle of the areolet. as well as the pt>rtion of the cubital vein, preceding the areolet. in this species are thin, often subobsolete ; said portion of the cul>ital vein being often merely indicated by a brownish streak (without vein); there is a short, pale hroi'ni line, as if a stump of a vein, close bj/ the posterior angle of the areolet, (that is the angle, which is nearer the tip of the wing), on its out and underside. Tills last mark, trifling as its seems to be, exists in precisely the u^t'datux, Crosotes plumicornis, Mallosoma submefallica, Golofa Eneas % 9 , Strategus Aloeus, AUorhina columhica, Aphistonus Afzeli. Pasimachus morio, Arhopalus sjyeciosus, Cctonia hsemnrrhoidaiis. Sd- plia micans, Strategus Jidianus, Copris hamadri/as S 9 ); fi"om Aug. K. Grote. DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. Journal oj' the Academy of JSfatural Sciences of Phdaddphia, neu- xeries, Vol. 5, Part 8, and the Proceedings, No. 1 for 1863. From Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. Insectes recitedlis en Afrique et en Ameriquc, par A M. F. J. Pnlisof de Bcauvois. 1 Vol. Folio. 18(;8.] 61 An Introduction to Entomologi/ or elements of the Natural JJistoiy of Insects, hy Kirhy and Spcnce. 4 Vols. 8vo. British Entomology^ hy John Curtis. 3 Vols. 8vo. From Mrs. Lucy W. Say. Histoire genirale et iconographie des Lepidopteres et des chenilles de rAmerique septentrionale,par Boisduval et Leconte. 1 Vol. 8vo. From Dr. Brackenridge Clemens. The Entomologist's Annual for 18G3. From E. T. Cresson. The following works were deposited by Dr. T. B. Wilson : — Boston Journal of Natural History, Vols. 1. 2, 3 (Nos. 3 <(• 4). 4 (Nos. 2—4), and 6. Entomologische Zeitung. Herausgcgehen von dem, entomologische Vereine zu Stettin. 1863, Nos. 1 — 3. Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift. Bd. 7, Nr. 2. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, par 31. F. E. Gu^rin-Meneville. 1868, No. 1. The Zoologist, for January, February and March, 1863. Orthoptera descripta et depicta a T. de Charpentier. 1 Vols. 4to. Horae Entomologicae, adject is tahidis novem coloratis. Auct. T. de Cliarpentier . 1 Vol. 4to. A Supplement to the appendix of Captain Parry's Voyage for the discovery of the North-west passage, in the years 1819—20, containing an account of the subjects of Natural History. 1 Vol. 4to. Natural History of the Insects of India. By E. Donovan. New Edition by J. 0. Westwood. 1 Vol. 4to. Nomenclator Zoologicus. Auctore L. Agassiz. 1 Vol. 4to. Essai d'une Classification de la famille des Cerambyciles et mate- riaux pour servtr a une Monographic de cette famille. Par M. James Thomson. 1 Vol. Royal 8vo. Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus fnmilfse. Auct. C. J. Schoenherr. 8 Tomes in 13 Vols. 8vo. Scopoli. Entomologia Garniolica. 1 Vol. 8vo. Histoire Naturelle des Coleopteres de France. Par M. E. Mulsant. 7 Parts. 8vo. Memoire sur les Insectes nuisibles a V Agriculture. Par M. J. Mac- quart. Pamphlet. 8vo. Die Forst-lnsecten. Von J. T. C. Ratzeburg. 3 Vols. 4to. 52 • [May Entomologkche Bcitriige. Yon J. T. C. Ratzehurg. Paiuph. 4to. Unterauchung des Geschlehts-Zustandes bei den Sogenannten Neutrls der Bienen und ilher die VoncandtscJiaft derselben mit den Konlgin- nen. Von J. T. C. Ratzehurg. Pamphlet. 4to. Uher Entivlckelung der fusslosen H^menopteren-Larven, mit heson- derer Riicksicht atif die Gattung Formica. Von F. D. C. Ratzehurg. Pamphlet. 4to. Notes on the Locusta septentrionalis Americanse decern septima. Bi/ Nathaniel Potter., M. D. Pamphlet. 8vo. On Nycterihia, a Genus of Wingless Insects. By J. 0. Westwood. Pamphlet. 4to. General remarks upon the Coleoptera of Lake Superior. By John L. Leronte. Pamphlet. 8vo. WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS. The following papers were presented for publication in, the Pnt- ceedings : — " Additions to the Catalogue of United States Lepidoptera, No. 4, by Aug. R. Grote." " Description of a new species of Masaris from the Rocky Mount- ains, by E. T. Cresson." And were referred to Committees. Letters were read From the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution at Washington, ]). C, acknowledging the receipt of recent numbers of the Society's Proceedings. From Mrs. Lucy W. Say, dated Newburgh, N. Y., April 20th, 1863, acknowledging her election as a Corresponding Member of the Society, and transmitting donations to the Library. The following communication was read from Baron Osten Sacken : — "APPEAL TO ENTOMOLOGISTS. The lirst volume of the "Monographs on North American Diptera" by Her- man Loew, published by the Smithsonian Institution, is already in the hands of tlie friends of American Entomology. The second volume, containing the family of Botichopodidcc will ajjpear iu the course of the summer. The families of Asilidre, Empidce, Tipulidce, Tabanidcc and Stratiomi/dcc will be taken up next. 18(33.] , 53 It is evident that the value and usefulness of these publications depends in a great measure on the amount of material on which they are based and it is higlily desirable that the abundance of such material should, as far as possible, insure the completeness of the monographs and hence, their more lasting value. I therefore beg to appeal to the friends of Entomology in North America, re- questing them to direct their attention, during the coming summer, to tlie order of Diptera in general and to the above named families in particular. All col- lections of diptera sent to me either directly (see my address below) or through the Smithsonian Institute, will be made useful for the increase of the know- ledo^e of the North American dipterological fauna and due credit will invaria- ))lv be given to the discoverers of new species. The wishes of the collectors respecting the naming of specimens or exchang- es, will be, as far as possible, complied with. R. OSTEN SACKEN. New York, May 7th, 1863. My address is: — Baron Ostex Sackex, Care of MM. Schepeler & Co., 52 Exchange Place, New York." UNFINISHED BUSINESS. Mr. Knight's motion, made at the last meeting, to "add a Commit- tee on Insect Architecture to Art. 1 of Chap. 6 of the By-Laws," was taken up and unanimously adopted. NEW BUSINESS. On motion, the thanks of the Society were unanimously tendered to Mrs. Lucy W. Say, of Newburgh. N. Y., and to Brackenridge Clemens, M. D., of Easton, Pa., for the valuable donations to the Library made by them this evening. ELECTION, On ballot, the following members were elected to serve as a "Com- mittee on Insect Architecture" until the next annual election: — J. Frank Knight, Charles A. Blake, Samuel Lewis, M. D. 54 [:\[ay A revision of the species of CYMATOPHOKINA, found in the United States and British America, with descriptions of new species. BY AUG. R. GROTE. Curator of Entomology. Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. Tlie family contained in the present paper, and for which I have retained, the name proposed by J)r. Herrich-Schaiffer, has been recog- nized by most modern Entomologists and the position assigned to it, at the head of the Nocture, is justitied by its affinities with the concluding families of the preceding group of Bombyces. This is seen in the pterogostic characters as well as the general ap- pearance and ornamentation of the species comprised under it. The number of known species belonging to this family is small, and they appear to be confined to the temperate regions of the globe. An exception is found in T. vlcina Gn., reported from Java, but doubtfully. I have not seen this species but am inclined to believe that in this instance, as is frequently the case, the reported locality of the species brought to Europe has been altered from the right one through accident or design. The characters of this family are well defined. The antennge are simple, more or less velvety or pubescent in the male. The palpi mod- erately slender, well clothed with hair, porrect. The thorax is convex; feet short ; abdomen long and slender. Anterior wings heavy, vel- vety, more or less bombyciform in appearance. Posterior pair having the costal and subcostal nervules distinct from their inception. The genera fall into the two following sections: — I. VER^E. Anterior wings of dull, usually greyish, colors; no spur at internal angle. II. FALS.E. Anterior wings of varied and bright colors; with a more or less ])rominent spur at internal angle. To the first section belong the genera Cymatoi)lwra and Leptina. The species of Leptina bear a strong general resemblance to each other. The orbicular spot is absent. The reniform spot is rounded, 1863.] 5o small, lighter than the rest of the wing with a black mark in tlu' ctn- tre. There is a humeral spot limited by an oblique line and a costal darker shade near the apex from whence the transverse posterior lino traverses the wing to the internal margin. I have described one new species and regret not to have been able to identify L. Douhledayi Guenee. No American species of Ci/matophora are known to me and I have not identified Mr. Walker's C. caniplogn from Canada. To the second sectiim belong the genera Gonophora^ Thi/fttyrn and J.ticiina. It is this section which has been classed among the Noctni- na by some authors chiefly on account of a superficial resemblance which the species present to the genus Pluaia. This is seen more par- ticularly in our native species. The resemblance is however accident- al and a study of the pterogostic characters show the intimate relation- ship of this second section with the species of the first and the correct- ness of their present classification. The genus Gouophora, separated from Th/jnti/ra by Bruand, has been suppressed by M. Gruenee and the species on which it was found- ed reunited to Thyatyra, and this course has been generally followed by continental authorities. In the present paper I have retained this genus, following Mr. Walker in this respect, as the study of our native species has led me to believe the separation justified and the genus as it stands well constituted. I have separated from Thyatyra^ T. cymatoplwrokleii Gn.. and a con- stant variety of that species, expultrix m., and propose for them the following genus : — LACINIA uov. gen. Antennai moderately long, stout, simple in both sexes. Proboscis short. Palpi porrect, extending beyond the head, third joint short, moderately slender- second densely pilose. Anterior wings straight along the costa, somewhat depressed at the tip. Exterior border very convex, curving inward near internal angle which is furnished with a well developed spur. Apex acute, internal margin much shorter than costal. Abdomen moderately stout, extending well behind the hinder wings especially in the male in which it is furnished with tufts of hair along the sides and underneath. In this genus the costal nervule of the inferior wings shows a great- er upward curve beyond the point of its contiguity with the subcostal, 56 [May than in Thyafijra and in this respect it approaches Gonopliora. The ornamentation partakes of the peculiarities of both sections. The following is a table of the genera : Section I. VER.E. A. iSize moderate. Antenaa3 short, stout, pubes- cent or pectinated in both sexes 1. Cymatophora. A. Size small. Antennae long, slender, nearly simple or slightly pubescent in both sexes. . 2. Leptina. Section II. FALS^. B. Ornamentation in well defined spots; reni- form and orbicular spots indistinct. Costal mai'gin rounded 5. Thyatyra. B. Ornamentation in lines and irregular shaded marks; reniform and orbicular spots dis- tinct. Costal margin straight C. C. Exterior margin moderately oblique. Probos- cis moderately long; third joint of palpi very slender. Abdomen of the male not tufted underneath 4. GtONOPIIORA, C. Exterior margin convex. Proboscis short; third joint of palpi moderately slender. Abdomen of the male tufted beneath . . .3. Lacinia. In the following Catalogue of the described species of this family proper to our Continent, I have noted the Collection in which I found and determined the specimen and the locality in which it was reported to have been taken. ' CYMATOPHOIilNA, H. S. Noctuo-Bomhycidfie, Boisd., Guen., Walker. CYMATOPHORA Treitschke. caniplaga Walker, C. B. M. Noct. 1, p. 18. Canada (Walker). 1863.] o7 LEPTINA (iiu'iRH-. Wulkcr. C. B. M. dormitans Guenee, Noct. 1, p. 15. Walker, C. B. I\I. Xoe. I. ji. in. ^liddle States. Coll. Mr. E. L. Graef, Brooklyn. L. I. I am inclined to believe that the "alar, expanse" given by Guenee (27 mm) for this species is erroneous, ns tlie S speci- men I have before me in perfect condition, and whicli con- forms in all essential particulars to Gruenee's description, is smaller than L. ophtliahnira Grn., to which the same expanse is given. In his note to this species, M. Guenee remarks on its small size, which would corroborate this opinion, ophthalmica Giienee, Noct. 1, p. 15, pi. 3. fig. 6. Walker, 0. B. M. Noct. 1. U». Middle States. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila. This species is the most recognizable of the genus by its whitish thorax and humeral spot. Appears to be of rare oc- currence, latebricola nov. sp. Anterior wings straight along the costa; exterior margin not so obliqiie as in the two preceding species. All the lines very indistinct. Thorax and humeral spot dark grey. Base clouded with blackish without any visible defining line. Me- dian space greyish, lightest near the basal shade and showing the discal spot, as in all the species of this genus, rounded, light, small, with a black centre. Terminal space darker than median, with a black shade near the apex on the costa, and the transverse posterior line faintly visible, sinuate. Poste- rior wings greyish with discal lunule and a marginal darker line. Under surface of wings greyish without definite mark- ings; a discal lunule and the traces of two very indistinct bands on the inferior wings. Abdomen greyish, blackish on the two first rings; lighter underneath. A female. Exp. \\ inch. New Jersey. Collection Ent. Soc. Phila. Resembles L. donnitavs (which it exceeds in size) in the markings and coloring, but differs by the straight costal, and less oblique exterior, margin, in which respect it approaches L. Doxibledayi^ but differs greatly from Guenee's description of that species. 58 [May Doubledayi Guenee, Noct. 1, p. 15. Walker. C. B. M. Noct. I, ]>. in. New York State (Guenee). LACINIA Gnite. cymatophoroides Gueuee, Noet. 1, p. 13. Walker, C. B. M. Noet. J, p. S. Middle and Eastern States. Coll. Mr. E. L. Graef, Brook- lyn, L. I., and Ent. Soc. Phila. Both sexes alike. In the specimens I have seen I have , detected no differences or intermediary individuals between this and the following, expultrix m. Plate 2, fig. 6, 9-= 9 ci/matophoroides Gn., Noet. 1, p. I4.=Var. /i, Walker, C. B. M. Noct. 1, p. 8. 3Iaryland, Middle and Eastern States and Canada. Both sexes alike. Differs from the typical cymatophoroides by the absence of the black spots at the base and internal angle and the strongly marked bands on the anterior wings. I have been tempted to separate this from the preceding spe- cies of which it is a singular and constant variety. After examining a number of- individuals of both sexes from differ- ent localities, I have not been able to detect any variation or intermediary specimens between this and the foregoing, than which it is of much more frequent occurrence. Collections of Messrs. Stephen Calverley, Harvey J. Rich and E. L. Grraef, of Brooklyn, L. I., of the Rev. Chas. J. S. Bethune, of Cobourg, C. W., and of Ent. Soc. Phila. GONOPHORA Bruand. Walker, C. B. W.^Thyatyra Oclis., H. S., Gueu., Boisd. scripta Gosse, Can. Nat. 2-19. Walker, C. B. M. Noct. 1. 2:>. ^.=^ahrasa Guenee. Noct. 1, p. 12, pi. 3, fig. 2. Morris Cat. p. 26. Middle and Eastern States and Canada. Coll. of Messrs. Stephen Calverley and F. W. Tepper, Brooklyn, L. I. M. Guenee's figure of this species is approximately correct, there is however no indication of the spur at the internal angle of the anterior wings, which is sufficiently prominent in an individual I have before me. This species is the re- presentative on this Continent of the European G. dtrasa L. and resembles that species closely; the most observable dif- ferences consisting in the greater width of the greyish basal ].s(>8.] 59 space at the top, and in the more pmkish shade of the ante- rior wings, characters, which appear to be specific and con- stant. THYATYRA dchs. pudens (iiu'iiee, Noet. 1. p. i:!. pi. .",. fig. 1. "Walker. T. B. M. Noct. 1. ]>. s. New York State (Guenee). Descriptions of two new species of AECTIID.ffi. BY WILLIAM SAUNDERS, of London, Canada West. Arctia celia, nov. sp. Male. Palpi black above, yellowish beneath. Head yellow with black lateral stripes. Antennae brown, pectinated. Thorax yellowish- white, deeper in color towards the head, with two short black stripes in front, and three longer and larger on disk, one central and one on each tegula. Primaries very dark brown with white stripes; costa edged with yel- lowish to about the apical third of the wing. A wide stripe having its origin at the base of the median vein and from thence deflected towards the posterior angle where it grows uari'owly linear; from this two branches proceed, the first about the centre of the wing extends in a straight line to the costa; the second obliquely towards the apex, terminating under the costal edge; a subterminal zigzag line forming a distinct W crossed at the top by the oblique band. Secondaries lightish brown, with two irregular yellow spots about the middle of the wing, and a stripe of the same color extending from the base along the submedian vein to within a third of the hind margin; inner margin yellow. Under surftice of wings lighter in color with the same markings. Cilia brown intermixed with white. Wings ex- pand 14 lines. 00 ' [May Abdomen yellow with a dorsal macular band black, and a row of black spots on each side ; under surface whitish with black bands. Legs black, spotted with yellow, and with tufts of yellow hairs at their base. Lo,:. Toronto. C. W. From Rev. G. J. S. Bethune, Coboury, C. W. Arctia decorata. nov. sp. Fcniajr. Tongue bright yellow; palpi black. Antennae black, slight- ly pectinate. Head black with a tuft of yellow hairs between the anten- na?. Thorax ochre-yellow, with two small linear spots on front, and three large ones on disk, one central and one on each tegula ; and a small spot on each side at base of primaries. Primaries deep velvety-black, with rich ochre-yellow stripes; one on costa terminating at the apical third of the wing; one broad straight central stripe along the median vein to within a third of the hind mar- gin, slightly enlarged at the tip, where it is joined at an acute angle by a smaller stripe which terminates just under the exti-emity of the costal band. This central stripe is notched or obscurely furcate about the middle; the lower part of the notch extends a very short distance towards the hind margin, terminating in a point; and in a line with this further towards the posterior angle are one or two very minu^te yel- low dots. Inner margin with a border of the same color gradually widening towards the base. Secondaries bright red, widely bordered with dull black excepting on the inner margin; a small red dot set in the black border not far from the apex. Under surf;ice of wings paler with the same markings. Cilia varies in color on different parts of the wings, from ochre-yellow to dark brown. Wings expand 16 lines. Abdomen deep black with a patch of ochre-yellow or orange on each side at base; wide where it joins the thorax, and narrower at its ter- mination on the third segment; a yellow dot on each side of fourth and fifth segments, and one on centre of back near tip. Under sur- face of body entirely black. Lor. Near St. Catherines, C. W. From 1). W. Beadle. Es(i. NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS. It being desirable that the termination of a Vokime should coincide with the close of the year, the 2nd volume will terminate with Decem- ber 1864, and will be published on the following terms: — For Members (Resident and Corresponding), .84 cts in advance from iVJarch to December 1863. $1.00 " for the year 1864. For the Public, ^1.25 " from March to December 1863. $1.50 '• for the year 1864. In future the price of Volume 1, will be $2.00 for Members, and $:5.00 for the Public. In consequence of the increased cost of paper and steadily increasing- number of pages published, postage will not be prepaid in future, on copies sent through the Mail. Subscribers who wish to continue on the above terms, are requested to remit to the Corresponding Secretary of the Society, No. 518 South 13th Street, Philadelphia. In the present state of activity in the Scientific World, it is important that the Student should receive scientific periodicals as soon after their publication as practicable; arrangements have therefore been made, by which, the Society will receive without delay the Publications of most importance to its Members. Under these circumstances the Publication Committee has tfixronfiiniii/ fhr si/sfrm of ixdl-iiKj E.rcli(iiii/ I?. I 3sr T ID ID B ~y THE S O C I E; T ■^. B Q ''^^t^>^^-^'-^-'^-^'^-'^ '^o '^.%r:{'£: rff^^^iQ;i;:;,d>- -aaar^GQo j^jg Is o I I (5 6 ^ '^^ PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF PHILADELPHIA. Vol. 2. JUNE SEPTEMBEK, 1863. No. 2. STATED MEETING, June 8. President Bland in the Chair. Thirteen members present. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. The Committees on the papers of Messrs. Grote and Cresson, read May 11th, reported in favor of their publication in the Proceedings of the Society. DONATIONS TO CABINET. 141 PsEUDONKUHOPTEHA (Tervics fluvipes, Psocus venosxis, P. Novce-Scotia; P. lichenatus, P. semistriatus, P. abruptus, P. corruptus, P. aurantiacus, Acroneu- ria ahnormis, Pcrla flavescens, P. varians, P. decipiens, P. occipitalis, P. producta, CMoroperla bilineata, Isoptoyx imhecilla, Tceniopteryx fasciata, Nemoura completa, BcEtis/emorata, B. altcrnata, B. arida, B. sicca, B. debilis. Potainanthus cupidus. Palingenia limbaia, P. bilineata, P. fiavcscens, P. interpunctata, P. pulchella, P. terminata, Ejyhcmcra flaveola, E, excrucians, Bcetisca obesa, Cloe ferruginca, C. fliMctuans, C. r,ici7in, C. dubia, C. mendax, Calopteryx nutculata, Lest-es rect^mgu- 62 [June Inris, L. unguiculata, L. hamata, L.forcipata, Agrion irene, A. Ramburii, A. ex- sidans, A. 2>utridum, A. apicale, A. civile, A. binotatum, Gomphus spinosus, G. fraternus, G. vastus, G. graslinellus, G. fluvialis, G. amnicola, Anax Junius, ^schna clepsydra, M. constricta, Cordulia lateralis, Pantala hymencF.a. Celifhemis eponina, Platheinis trimaculata, Libellula quadrimaculata, L.luctuosa, L.pulchelhi, Mesothemis simplicicollis, M. corrvpta, M. longipennis, Diplax rubicundula, D. vicina, D. semicincta, D. amhigua, D. intac.ta, Perithcmis domitia), 11 Neuroptera (Sialis infumata, Conioptery.x vicina, Bitracus strigosus, B. stigmaterus, Macronena zebratum), 14 Orthoptera ( (Ecantku-s bipunctatus. Spectrum femoratum, Acridium emarginatum, A. americanum. Conocephalus ensigcr, Trngocephala viridifasciata, T. infuscata), 0 Lepidoptera {Nathalis lole, Libythea Motya, Calliniorp'ha niili- taris var.), 112 Hymenoptera {Cynips confluentus H&vr.=^aciculatus 0. S., C. quer- cus-palustris, Pelecinus polycerator. Ichneumon devinctor, Pezomachus minimus, Anomalon flavicornis. Ichneumon suturalis, Mid'ogaster militaris, Glyphe viride- scens, Hedychrum ventrale, H. speculum, Philonthus zonatus, Pcrilanipus triangu- laris, Bembex monodonta, B. fasciata, Monedula venlralis, Pompilus tropicus, P. higuttatus, P. j^etiolatus, Scolia confluenta, Tiphia tarda, Formica aphidicola, F. Intipes, Eumenes fraterna, Zethus spinipcs, Nomia heteropoda, Nomada bisignata, N. vincta, Epeolus lunatus, E. scutellaris, Ccelioxys 8-dentata, Megachile brevis, M. latimanus, Ceratinn dupla, Macrocera binotata, Anthophora sponsa), 20 Ho- moptera {Calaphis betulella. Aphis carduella, A. maidis, A. rudbeckice, A. vitis, Lachnus caryae, Byrsocrypta vagabunda, B. populicaulis, Pemphigus formicetorum, Aphnna sulcipes), from Benj. D. Walsh. Esq.. of Rock Island, 111. 200 determined European Coleoptera, from Dr. Samuel Lewis. 120 determined European Coleoptera, from Aug. R. Grote. 10 Coleoptera {Nausibius dentatus, Saperda puncticollis, Chrysomela scalaris, var.), from C. F. Parker. 7 Coleoptera {Mycetophagus Melsheimervi, Atimia confusa), from Henry Feld- DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. Wiener Entomologische Monatsrhrift. Bd. 1 — 6. 8vo. From the Vienna Entomological Society. Die Noctuinen Europcis mif Zuziehung einiger bisher vieisf dazii gezdidter Arten des asiatischen Ruadand's,, Klei7iasie7i's, Si/riens nnd Labrador's. Von Jidius Lederer. 1 Vol. 8vo. From the Author. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelpliia. for 3Iarc?i, 1868, and SiUiman's Journal of Science and Arts, for Mai/, 1863. * From Dr. T. B. AVilson. The following were presented by Prof. S. S. Haldeman : — Lettre A. S. E. Mr. Fischer de Waldheim, ou relation cVitn voi/agi- 1863.] 63 fait en 184-1:, en Suede, tn Danemarck et dans le nord de PAllemiK/ne, par 31. le Comte Manncrheim. Pamphlet. 8vo. Desanption d'une nouvelle espice de Pri'onien provenant de la repuh- lique de Venezuela. Par M. A. Salle. Pamphlet. 8vo. Note sur Ics Longicornes de la Collection de Banks. Par M. A. Chev- rnlat. Pamphlet. 8vo. Note sur deux araignees venimeuses de la Russie Meridionalc (pi'on croit itre le Tchim des Kalmouks, par Victor de Motsclwulsl'ij. Pam- phlet. 8vo. Uehersicht der Arten der Gattung Astacvs, par Erichson. Pam- phlet. 8vo. Orthoptera Nova. Americana. Auct. H. de Saussure. Pam. 8vo. Remarks on Entomologi/, cliiejii/ in reference to an Agricultural bene- fit, hij W. D. Brinckle, 31. D. Pamphlet. 8vo. Tlie Zoologist, for July, 1843. Pamphlet. 8vo. Essais Eutomologiques, No. 6. Par A. D. Hummel. Faitnse Insectorum Germanicse initia oder DetitscJilands Insecten. Von D. G. ir. F. Panzer. 5 Vols. 16mo. Note sur un noiivel insecte hymenoptere fossile, par M. H. de Satis- sure. Pamphlet. 8vo. Note sur un nouveau genre de Guepes. Par 31. H. de Saussure. Pamphlet. 8vo. GoUopteres de Syrie. Par 31. A. Chevrolat. Pamphlet. 8vo. Zoological Contributions, Nos. 1, 2 and 3. By S. S. Haldeman. Pamphlets. 8vo. Cryptocephalinarum Boreali-Americse diagnoses cum speciebus novis musei lecontiani. Auct. S. S. Haldeman. Pamphlet. 4to. Descriptions of North American Coleoptera, chiefly in tlie Cabinet of J. L. Leconte, 31. D., icith references to described sjjecies. By S. S. Haldeman. Pamphlet. 4to. 3Ionographie du r/enre Georissus Latr, jxir Victor 31otchouhki. Pamphlet. 8vo. De Coleopteris, quse Oscarus et Alfredus Brehm in Africa legerunt, disseruit J. H. Apetz. Pamphlet. 4to. History, Transformations and Internal Anatomy of CoRYDALUS CORNUTUS, by S. S- Haldeman and Joseph Lcidy, 31. D. Pamp. 4to. 64 [June Ohservation/n qu^edam Entomologicse '>, fig. 3, 9.) Resembles the European B. tihiaJata. Appears general in its dis- tribution through the Middle States. Expands f to 1 inch. Several specimens of both sexes. Collection of f]ntoui. Soc. Phila. and of IMr. E. L. Graef, Brooklyn, L. I. B. infulata, 11. sp. (See plate .3, fig. 4, %.) Anterior wings blackish-brown with a distinct yellow band, darker near the costa, extending half way across the wing, running in an oblique direction towards the exterior margin. K similar band runs in an in- verse direction to the internal margin. Two bluish, metallic, undulating lines run from the costa across both anterior and posterior wings out- side of the yellow bands and are more apparent on the under surface. Posterior wings blackish-brown with a broad yellowish band running entirely across the wing, apparently a continuation of the second band on the anterior wings. Under surface black showing the yellow bands and the two metallic blue lines. Base of the wings, under surftice of abdomen and legs powdered with yellowish atoms. Base of the anterior wings showing'' also some broad metallic bluish marks. Expands I to 1 inch. Collection of Entom. Soc. Philad. Several specimens of both sexes taken in Northern Virginia. This species resembles the Erota of Cramer from Surinam. That species is, however, larger, appears to have but a single bluish metallic line and the yellow band on the anterior wings is continued without interruption from the costa to the internal margin. B. elaborata, n. .sp. (See phite 3. fig. 5, %.) ^ Anterior wings blackish at the base and terminal space with a broad yellow band traversing the median space of the wing, interrupted at the centre and contracting as it reaches the internal margin. Poste- rior wings with the basal half yellow showing a few powdered black atoms at extreme base and with the terminal margin entirely black. There is a faint terminal metallic line and a black line runs through the yellow median bands. Under side resembling the upper with the legs and under surface of body powdered with yellow atoms. A male. Expands i inch. Collection of Entom. Soc. Philad. 68 [June Hah. Virginia. Resembles B. Infulata but is, I thiuk, distinct. There is but a single metallic line and the disposition of the yellow median bands is different. NOCTUINA, H. S. Gen. DIPHTHERA, Ochs. D. Graefii, n. 3p. (See plate 3, fig. 6, 9-) Anterior wings broad, entire, velvety, pale buff shaded with whitish grey. Subterminal line alone distinct, black, bordered on the inner side with white, disconnected, irregular. Reniform spot large, same color as the rest of the wing, ill defined, margined with black, more distinct on the side nearest the base of the wing; orbicular spot small, faint, not easily discerned. Costal margin with four black spots. Two in- distinct shade lines in the median space meet in a small black spot on the internal margin of the wing. Two small black spots near the base of the wing, the outer and larger one apparently the claviform. Ter- minal margin with six black dots; fringes white. Posterior wings whitish with a discal mark, a median wavy line and an interrupted line on the outer margin greyish ; fringes white. Under side whitish with the markings on the posterior wings more distinct, showing a basal streak beyond the discal mark. Thorax and head same color as anterior wings. Antennae blackish with the first joint white. Abdomen paler than thorax. Expands H inch. Hah. Middle States. Collections of Messrs. Edward L. Graef and Stephen Calverley, Brooklyn, L. I, This species closely resembles D.fnlla.r, H. S., in the markings of the anterior wings and, though presenting some superficial resemblance to the genus Acronycta, shares the characteristics of the genus to which I have referred it. I dedicate this species to Mr. E. L. Graef, of Brooklyn, L. I., to whom I am indebted for many courtesies. In referring to the Plate which accompanies this article I must com- mend the ability of the artist, 3Ir. A. Hochstein, of New York. 1S63.] <)!) Description of a new species of MASARIS, from the Kocky Mountains. BY E. T. CRESSON. Masaris vespoides u. s]). Male. (Plate 4, fig. 1.) Length \)l lines; expanse of wings 15 lines. Head coarsely punctured, sparsely clothed with pale hairs; face above the antennas flat; eyes large, with a deep, narrow sinus above the insertion of the antennae; ocelli placed in an equi-lateral triangle on the vertex; clypeus convex, subquadrate, deeply emarginate at the apex with the angles rounded; labrum rounded at tip, hairy; mandi- bles somewhat obtuse, with two small indentations on the inner edge near the apex; antenna) smooth, a little longer than the head and tho- rax together, first joint short and thick, second very small, third to sixth joints somewhat flat and about equal in length, each joint being about twice as long as the first and second together, seventh joint two- thirds as long as the sixth, rather flat and broader than the preceding joints, the five apical joints formed into a broad oval knob slightly convex above and concave beneath, these five joints are apparently sol- dered together with the sutures very indistinct above but more distinct beneath. Prothoras prominent, closely punctured, hairy. Mesotho- rax oval and convex in front, sparsely hairy, closely and conflueutly punctured; somewhat flat before the scutellum where it is sparsely punctured, shining and with the posterior margin truncate. Scutel- lum semicircular, convex, sparsely punctured and shining. Wing-scale elongate and reniform. Metathorax somewhat flat, densely punctured, hairy, the posterior angles terminating on each side with an acute spine. Legs hairy, rather short, the posterior pair longest; anterior femora clavate, bi'oadest near the base, and curved inward; tibiae shorter than the femora, somewhat excavated on the inner edge towards the base; anterior tarsi ciliated beneath, and all, except the posterior pair, have the first joint as long as the remaining joints taken together; intermedi- ate femora short, thick, not clavate, sinuate beneath; inner edge of the tibia) deeply excavated from the middle to the base and sulcate, broad- ly dilated in the middle and somewhat suddenly constricted towards the apex ; posterior femora somewhat clavate ; tibia^ longer than the 70 [June femora aad constricted at the base, with the tip armed with two un- equal spurs, one of wliich is rather short, simple and curved, the other nearly twice as long, stout and deeply bifid; first joint of the tarsi as long as the tibiae, narrow, cylindrical and curved inwards; tarsal claws simple. Superior wings rather long and narrow, with one marginal and t\vo submargiiial cells, the first submarginal somewhat longer than the marginal, the second submarginal about two-thirds as wide as the first submarginal and much narrowed towards the marginal; the third discoidal cell elongate and bent about its middle towards the second submarginal, which receives the second recurrent nervure in the middle. Abdomen with seven segments, elongate, convex above, gradually narrowed posteriorly, retractile, curved under; segments minutely punc- tured, shining, somewhat tran.sversely sulcate on their disk and with their sides rounded from the base; first segment short, flat on its ante- rior face; apical segment narrow, subquadrate, sinuate on the sides, and deeply and widely emarginate at the apex, disk with two longitu- dinal carinje each bearing a small obtuse tubercle on the posterior third of the segment, Abdomen beneath flat, smooth and shining, with a bifid projection on the anterior part of the second and third segments, that on the third segment being much more prominent and armed posteriorly with an acute spine; apical segment deeply bifid. Head black; clypeus. apex of the labrum, middle of the mandibles, a transverse line, dilated in the middle, between the antenna, and the outer and inner orbit of the eyes above the antennjB, yellow; antenna) above with the base of the first and the second joints black, the apex of the first, inner side of the second and the four following joints yel- low, the apical joints yellowish varied with fuscous, beneath blackish, margined on the inner side with yellowish, except the sixth joint which is tinged with fuscous. Prothorax black ; its anterior margin above, and an oblong spot beneath the wings, yellow. Mesothorax black, a small, obsolete, yellowish spot on each side near the wing-scale. Scu- tellum black, a yellowish bilobed spot on the apex. Metathorax black, ))Osterior angles yellow. Wing-scale yellow, except the anterior inner corner which is black. Wings stained with yellowish, nervures hone}'- yellow about the base, blackish towards the apex. Legs yellow, the coxae and trochanters, except their tips, and the base of the femora black; tarsi, except the first joint, reddish-yellow. Abdomen black; 1863.] Tl each segment above with a more or less broad yellow transverse band, almost confluent with the posterior margin; the anterior margin of th. yellow band on first segment is angulated on each side, widens outward- ly, narrow on the disk and slightly indented in the middle; the yellow bauds of the second, third and fourth segments are deeply and some- what squarely indented on each side with black, and slightly so on the disk, the yellow band on the second segment is divided into three parts by the indentation on each side becoming confluent with the black of the posterior margin ; on the fifth and sixth segments the yellow band is broad, covering two-thirds of the segment, very slightly indented on the middle of the anterior margin; apical segment narrowly margined with black on the sides and tip, anterior part more broadly margined with black and produced posteriorly into a triangle, truncate at its apex with its sides somewhat rounded; the small tubercles on the disk are blackish. Abdomen beneath black, a spot on each side ^-f the sec- ond and third segments, and a broad transverse band on each of the fourth, fifth and sixth segments, yellow. Fcnudr. Length 8 lines; expanse of wings 14.} lines. In structure, it diff"ers from the male as follows: — General form more short and stout. Eyes smaller and wider apart; a transverse carina between the antennae; clypeus transversely rugose anteriorly, deeply and triangularly indented at the apex; antennae short, not much longer than the head, rounded, first joint short and thick, second very small, third about as long as the three following joints together, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh joints about equal in length, but gradually broader towards the apex, the five apical joints formed into an elongate-oval knob, as long as the four preceding joints together. Prothorax with the sides wider and somewhat flattened. Mesothorax more flat, with a distinct longitudinal dorsal carina, and another, rather indistinct, on each side of the disk between the wings. Metathorax with the poste- rior angles not so strongly produced. Legs shorter and simple, ante- rior tarsi not ciliated beneath. Abdomen with six segments, shorter, scarcely curved under and very slightly attenuated posteriorly; upper surface more distinctly punctured, semi-opaque and scarcely sulcate ; apical segment broadly rounded at tip, without carina; or tubercles on the disk; abdomen beneath slightly convex, without projections on the 2nd and ord segments, apical segment long and broadly rounded at ti]i. 72 [June In color, it diifers as follows : — Head entirely black except the outer and inner orbit of the eyes above the anteunai, a transverse spot on the anterior margin of the clypeus, and the sides of labrum at base, which are yellow; antennae above blackish with the third, fourth and fifth joints yellowish, beneath reddish-yellow with the base and apex black. Prothorax not so broadly margined anteriorly with yellow, but separated in front of mesothorax by a black line; no yellow spot be- neath the base of the wings. Mesothorax and scutellum entirely black. Metathorax with the posterior angles slightly tipped with yellow. Legs yellow with the femora entirely black except the extreme tips. Wings rather darker. Abdomen not so broadly banded above with yellow ; the bands of the first four segments resemble those of the male, that on the basal segment being interrupted in the middle ; the band on the fifth segment is deeply indented on its anterior margin, and with a small transverse black spot on each side ; apical segment with a large yellow spot on each side, confluent with the lateral margin of the seg- ment; abdomen beneath with two small yellow spots on the disk of the second segment, and a narrow yellow band, more or less interrupted in the middle, on the third and fourth segments, and a small yellow spot on each side of the fifth segment. Variety. (Plate 4, fig. 2.) Differs from the female above described as follows: — Sides of clypeus and labrum margined with yellow; the transverse yellow spot on the anterior margin of the clypeus larger; a yellowish spot on the mandibles near the base. Prothorax with the an- terior margin entire, but the yellow is produced posteriorly into a point on each side of the mesothorax in front; the yellow spot beneath the base of the wings is present, as in the male. Mesothorax profoundly impressed on each side between the wings; the yellow spot on each side near the wing-scale is present, but much larger than in the male. Scutellum with a yellowish bilobed spot posteriorly. Metathorax with the posterior angles strongly produced and yellow. Legs colored as in the male. Wings stained with fuscous towards the apex. Abdomen : the second, third and fourth segments have the yellow bands with the anterior margin more or less indented in the middle, but on each side, instead of being squarely indented, the yellow band encloses a trans- verse black spot, which is largest and nearest to the disk on the second segment; the band on the fifth segment is very broad, deeply and some- 1863.] 73 what squarely indented in the middle and with a very small black dot on each side; abdomen beneath with a dot on each side and a trans verse spot in the middle of the second segment, and an uneven trans- verse band on the third, fourth and fifth segments, yellow, that on tlu' fifth segment is narrower, divided in the middle with black, and with the yellow extending posteriorly on each side of the segment. Hah. Pike's Peak. Collected by Mr. Winslow J. Howard. One male and two female specimens in the collection of the Entomo- logical Society of Philadelphia. The male of this species differs remarkably in several points of struc- ture from the type of the genus, M. ve!e.x. Labium linear, very pubescent, and about one-third longer than the labial palpi. Max- illary palpi two-jointed. Superior loings with one marginal. and three submar- ginal cells, the second submarginal cell much narrowed towards the marginal, receiving the first recurrent nervure about the middle ; the third submarginal narrowed towards the marginal, receiving the second recurrent nervure near 84 [July its apex. Posterior legs in i\\e females have on the upper and under margins of the tibiffi externally, a dense fringe of stiff hairs, forming a corbicula or pollen- basket; the exterior surface of the tibiise smooth, shining, and l)roadly dilated; the basal joint of the tarsi elongate, broad, flattened, and slightly concave ex- teriorly, deeply notched at the base, forming a stout t^oth ; the exterior mar- gins ciliated with short stitf hairs ; the claws bifid. In the males the tongue is more elongate and slender: the mandibles have a dense fringe of curled hair on their inferior margins : the antennse are more slender, and longer; the pos- terior tibiffi are not furnished witli a corljicula, and are slightly thickened; the basal joint of the posterior tarsi not notched at the base; the abdomen has an additional segment, and the antennse an additional joint." The difference in the shape of the posterior tibife and first joint of the posterior tarsi of the males, will more easily distinguish it from the female sex, as it is often troublesome to count the joints of the antennie and the segments of the abdomen ; but a very conspicuous character with which to distinguish the sex, and for which, aj^parently original, observation, 1 am indebted to Benj. I). Walsh, Esq., of Rock Island, 111., is the difference in the shape of the tarsal claws : — in the male the inner tooth of the claw is almost as long as the outer, while in the female and worker the inner tooth is very short. This character, as far as I have observed, is constant. Between t\i.Q female and the worker^ there seems to be no external characters, excepting size, by which to distinguish them, the worker being the smallest, and yet in a large series of some of our common species, the size gradually diminishes from the largest female to the smallest worker, making it quite impossible to divide them without more explicit characters. However, as there seems to be some confu- sion of opinion amongst authors, regarding the difference in size be- tween the females and the workers, and in the absence of any satisfac- tory solution of the matter, it may be interesting to cite here a few pas- sages on this subject. Reaumur (Ins. vi.) says: — "The nests seldom contain more than 50 or 60 inhabitants; these are of different sizes: the females, of which there is more than one in a nest, are the largest, and probably alone survive the winter; the males are of the middle size, as is also one description of working-bees, or neuters; the other neuters are the smallest, no bigger than the hive bee. These two sorts of neuters, it is most likely, are appropriated to different kinds of woi'k; the largest being the strongest, and the others the most lively, active and expert." Huber (Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 1802, vi, p. 218) says : 1863.] 85 '• The males of Bonibi are always smaller than their females ; the dif- ference is greater or less according to the species; in some, the females are at least double the size of the males, in others they are only a few lines longer. The size of the males and the females scarcely varies in each species, but the workers have not so fixed and uniform a size ; some are so small that they would not be taken for Bombi ; others are so large that one would be tempted to take them rather for females than for workers ; nevertheless their size is never equal to that of the mothers, and a glance of the eye is sufficient to compare them, and to put each one in the place which it ought to occupy." Again, on p. 284, he says : — " The form of the maxilla3 of the female is entirely like that of the worker ; its legs are equally capable of being charged with pollen, the colors of both are generally distributed in the same manner upon all parts of the body ; it appears, that if to so many rela- tions, we add that of fecundity, we shall make of the workers as many small females; for the difference of size is the only exterior character by which they can be distinguished." And again, on p. 290, he says : — " Among the workers there were assuredly small females, which I should have recognized, if I had been able to find in them any distinctive cha- racter." St. Fargeau (Hym. i, 448) says : — " When the birth of a cer- tain number of workers has made the work more easy, and the arrival of provisions more active, comes the period when the Mother Humble- Bee lays eggs of males and at the same time eggs of females. These females, at least some of them, acquire a size much above that of the mother, founder of the nest. They are in this respect intermediate between the latter, and the small barren workers, which first came into the world. Like the workers they share in the common labors, and, like their mother, they become fecundated by connection with the males born at the same period as themselves. These males are also smaller than the males which will be born at the end of the summer. * * * * Then the population increases in proportion to the number of these young females, of medium size, which have just been hatched ; the number of males especially appears to increase rapidly, which would lead me to believe that they gave birth to males only. The female founder continues nevertheless her laying, and, towards the end of August, there are raised, in each nest, several females of the largest size (from three to eight, as far as I have been able to see ). It is these 86 [July which will pass the winter, benumbed by the cold, and which are des- tined to the subsequent propagation of the species in the following year." Thus it seems that Reaumur and Huber consider all workers, except the largest females, while St. Fargeau seems to think that all are females except the smallest, which he calls the workers. The opinion of St. Fargeau is probably the most correct, although there is no doubt that the workers vary in size as well as the females. An examination of the sexual organs, however, may show some differ- ences of structure between the two sexes. Our species of Bomhus are quite numerous, and many of them very handsome. The following table may facilitate the determination of the species : — * Thorax above entirely yellowish. § Abdomen yellowish and black, f Apex black. 1st segment yellow Sp. 1 — 2. 2(i segment yellow Sp. 3. 1st and 2d segments yellow Sp. 4. 1st, 2d and 3d segments yellow Sp. 6. Mixed with black and yellow Sp. 6. ■ff Apex yellowish or whitish. First 3 segments yellow Sp. 7. §§ Abdomen entirely yellowish-white in certain lights Sp. 8. ** Thorax above yellowish, banded with black. § Abdomen whitish or yellowish and black. t Apex black. First 5 segments yellow Sp. 9. " 4 " ' « Sp. 10— 11. '. 3 " " Sp. 12— 13. •• 2 •• " S p. 14— 16. Third segment yellowish Sp. 17. Fourth " •• Sp. 18— 19. ft Apex white or yellowish-white. First 3 segments black, remainder white Sp. 20. 1st, 2d and 4th segments black Sp. 21. 1st, .3d and 4th " " Sp. 22. 1st, 4th and 5th •' - Sp. 23. 1st and 4th " " Sp. 24. 1863.] 87 §§ Abdomen yellow, reddish or fulvous and black. I Apex yeUowish or fulvous. 3d, 4th or 5th segments black Sp. 26—29. ft Apex black. 1st and 2d segments yellow and reddish ; rest black Sp. 30. 1st segment yellow, 2d, 3rd and part of 4th reddish Sp. 31. 1st and part of 4th segments yellow, 2d and 3rd reddish Sp. 32. " " " 2d,3d&partof4threddish..Sp. 33. 1st and 4th segments yellow, 2d and 3rd reddish Sp. 34. 1st and 2d segments yellow, 3rd and 4th reddish Sp. 35. §§§ Abdomen entirely yellowish or reddish, or both. Anterior half yellow, posterior reddish Sp. 3(i. 2d and 3rd segments reddish Sp. 37. 3d and 4th '• " Sp. 38. All yellowish except anus Sp. 39. *** Thorax above black. Abdomen with the first 3 segments more or less yellow or red Sp. 40 — 42. " reddish, except the 1st and last segments Sp. 43. all black Sp. 44. 1. B. Virginicus. Apis Virginicus Oliv. Encycl. Meth. Ins. iv, p. 66. (1789). ? Apis griseo-collis De Geer, Mem. Ins. iii, p. 576, pi. 28, fig. 13—14. (1773); Oliv. Encycl. Me'th. Ins. iv, p. 64. (1789). Bombus Virginicus Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 346. (1804); St. Farg. Hym. i, p. 470. (1836); Kirby, Faun. Bor. Am. iv, p. 274. (1837); Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. Hym. ii, p. 398. (1854) : Greene, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. vii, p. 170. (1860). Female. Head black, clothed more or less with yellowish hairs above the antennoe. Thorax above and on the sides pale yellow, more sparse on the disk. Wings vary from sub-hyaline to violaceous. Legs black, except the base of the femora beneath which is sometimes clothed with yellowish hairs; tarsi brown, basal joint rufous on the inner side. Abdomen with the first segment above pale yellow, re- maining segments black; sometimes the anterior margin of the second segment in the middle, is sparsely clothed with short yellowish hairs. Beneath black. Length 9 — 12 lines. Worker. Difiers from the female only in size, and undergoes the same variations in color. Length 5 — 7 lines. Male. Head clothed above and below the antennae with yellowish, intermixed with a few black hairs ; eyes very large and prominent. ■S8 [July Thorax above and on the sides tawny-yellow. Wings subhyaline, more or less embrowned. Legs black ; femora beneath clothed with long yellowish hairs. Abdomen with the first segment above yellowish ; anterior part of the second segment in the middle yellowish or yellow- ish-brown ; remaining segments black. Beneath black, more or less mixed with yellow. Length 7 — 9 lines. A very common species. Fifty ( 18 9 , 24 ^ . S '^ j specimens examined. Can., Conn., N. Y., Del., Pa., D.C., 111., Mo., Miss., Tex. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila., and Mr. E. Norton.) I have with some doubts placed De Geer's Apis . B. fervidus. Apis fervida Fabr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 274. Bomhus fervidus Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 352; St. Farg. Hym. 1. p. 470. Female. Head black. Thorax anteriorly and pleura yellow ; a black band between the wings. Scutellum yellow. Wings fusco-hy aline, slightly tinged with violaceous. Legs black. Abdomen above yellow, excepting the two apical segments which are black. Beneath black. Length 10 lines. Variety. The yellow color deeper, the black band between the wings is broader, and the face and vertex is clothed with pale yellow hairs. Worker. Colored same as the female. Jjuugth (j — 7 lines. Male. Head yellow in front and on the vertex. Thorax above tawuy- osterior margin of the fifth segments above tawny-yellow, the remain- ing segments black. Beneath yellowish. Length 7 lines. Twenty-seven (14 9 , 10 ^ , 3 "S ) specimens examined. Can., Conn.. N. Y., Penn., Del., Va.. Ks., and Utah. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phil., and E. Norton.) I have seen no specimens so large as mentioned by St. Fargeau,-13 lines. 11. B. Pensylvanicus. Apis Pcnsi/lvfinica De Geer, Mem. iii. p. 'u:>, pi. 28, f. 12. (177-3). Api.i Americanorum Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 380. (1775); Ent. Syst. ii, p. 319. (1793): Oliv. Encycl. Meth. iv. p. 66. (1789). JiomhiiJi Americanorum Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 346. (1804); St. Farg. Hym. i, p. 472. (1836). Female. Head black, often more or less yellow on the vertex. Tho- rax with its anterior portion above yellow ; between the wings black. Scutellum black, generally mixed with yellow. Wings blackish-viola- ceous. Legs black; tarsi brown, basal joint rufous on the inner side. Abdomen with the first segment above generally more or less yellow, sometimes almost all black; second and third segments yellow, remain- iuff segments black. Length 9 — 12 lines. Worker. Differs in no respect from the female, except in size ; in color it undergoes the same variations. Length 6 — 8 lines. Male. Head black, intermixed with obscure yellowish on the face and vertex ; eyes very large and pi'ominent, almost contiguous on the vertex. Thorax above and on the sides tawny-yellow, with a blackish band between the wings ; in some specimens the thorax is entirely yel- lowish. Wings fusco-hyaline, darkest along the costa and towards the base. Legs black; hairs of the basal joint of the posterior tarsi pale; tarsi brown. Abdomen with the first three segments tawny-yellow, .slightly mixed with blackish on the base of the first segment ; remain- ing segments black. Beneath black, sparsely clothed with pale hair.<. Length 10 lines. Eighty specimens examined from Conn., N. Y., N. J., Penn., Del.. Md., Va., 111., Mo., Ks., Fla., Tex. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila., E. Norton.) This is our most common species, and has generally been known 1868.] 05 and cited by authors as the Americano rwn of Fabricius, but ])e Geer described it two years previously under the name of Fens^lvamca, as having the scutellum and the first segment of the abdomen all yellow, while that of Fabricius had those parts apparently all black. However, the series of specimens which I have examined show that they are one species, and that the color of the scutellum and the first segment of the abdomen vary very much in the mixture of black and yellow. The most abundant vai'iety is intermediate between that of the De Geer and Fabricius, it having the scutellum and the first segment of the abdo- men more or less mixed with yellow. Olivier was the only one who suggested that De Geer's species was a variety of Amerlcanorum, and yet, for some unknown reason, he allowed the latter name to remain. No one since Olivier seems to have taken any notice whatever of De Geer's species, nor of Olivier in placing it as a synonym of Amcrica- iioruni. Two fine 9 specimens from Florida vary in having the first segment of the abdomen above jet-black, with a small patch of yellowish in the middle of the posterior margin of the segment. 12. B. sonorus. Bombus sonorus Say. Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist, i, p. 413. '• Body yellow; head black; thorax with a broad black band in the middle ; wings violaceous-black; tergum with the first, second and third segments yellow, with others black ; beneath black. Length 5 four- fifths of an inch. Inhabits Mexico." " Resembles the /ervidus Fabr., so closely that it may readily be mistaken for it, but that species has only two segments of the tergum clothed with yellow hair ; that of the second one, however, is so much elongated as to conceal a considerable portion of the next segment. The color is a much deeper yellow than that of fervida." Unknown to me. Say is certainly mistaken in stating that /i/vvV/vrs' has only two segments of the abdomen yellow ; it has the first fdiii- segments yellow. K'.. B. Arcticus. Bombus Arcticus Kirby, Suppl. Parry's Lst Voy. |). ccxvi. rurtis, Kosr^' L'ml Voy. Append, p. Ixiv. (1821.) '! Apis alpina O. Fabr. Fn. Greenland, p. 199. (17S0.) ■• Female. Body covered with long black hairs, but those that clothe nn . ■ [JULY tlie base and apex of the thorax, and the anterior half of the upper side of the abdomen, are of a pale yellow. Some black hairs are visible at the base of the last yellow segment of this part of the body. The antennas are as long as the head. The wings are a little tinged with brown, and their nervures are black. The tarsi are covered with short reddish hairs. Length 11 lines. '■ M(i/r. ^luch smaller than the female. The hairs of the whole trunk or intermediate segment of the body, are pale yellow intermixed with some black ones. The legs, also, particularly the anterior pair, are clothed with long yellowish hairs. Length 7 lines " Arctic America. Unknown to me. Mr. Kirby gives his reasons, at some length, for considering this species identical with that of 0. Fabr., who mistook his for the Apis alpina of Linne (See 1. c. p. ccxvii), and which species Mr. Smith (Bees of Great Britain, p. 222) quotes as a synomym of B. rn'oalu Dahlb., a species with the apical segments of the abdomen yellow, and consequently quite diiferent from B. Arcticus. 14. B. pleuralis. Bombus pleura/is Nyl. Notis. ur Sallsk. pro Faun, et Flor. Fenii. Forh. 1. 231. " 9 . Black, thorax anteriorly and pleura yellow; scutellum and two first segments of the abdomen yellow. Length 20 millim. " 'S . Same as $ except that the hairs of the face are yellow ; those of the belly mixed with yellowish, and those of the scutellum almost all black. Length 14 millim. Sitka." Not seen. 15. B. scutellaris n. sp. Female. Head black. Thorax with its anterior portion above and on the sides yellow ; a broad black band between the wings. Scutel- lum yellow. Wings blackish-violaceous, darkest toward the base. Legs black. Abdomen with the two basal segments above yellow ; remain- ing segments black. Beneath black. Length 13 lines. Worker. Excepting size, there is no diiference between this and the female. Length 9 lines. Male. Not seen. Four (2 9.25,) Fla.. Tex., (Coll. Eut. Soc. Phil.. E. Norton, and Smith. Inst.) 1868.] • !>7 This is !i handsome species. It agrees with the description of B. plcuralis from Sitka, but besides its hirger size, the difterenco nl' locality is so great that I have considered it safe to separate them. I''. B. Groenlandicus. Bombus Graynlandicus Smith. Brit. Mus. Oat. Hyra. ii, p. :i9:!. 23. '• Female. Length 9 — lU lines. Black ; the pubescence on the face black, that on the vertex is also black; the face elongate. Thorax, above, anteriorly and posteriorly having a long loose yellow pubescence, between the wings a broad band of black; wings subhyaline, stained with fuscous towards their base ; the legs have a black pubescence. Abdomen, the two basal segments covered with long yellow pubescence, the apical ones with black. HeiL. Grreenland."' Not identified. 17. B. medius n. sp. WurAer? Head black. Thorax anteriorly pale yellowish, with a broad black band between the wings. Scutellum pale yellowish. Wings blackish-violaceus. Legs black. Abdomen black, with the third seg- ment above pale yellowish. Beneath black. Length 7 lines. One specimen. Utah. Dr. Suckley. (Coll. Smith. Inst.) IS. B. Californicus. Bombus Californicus Smith, Brit. Mus. Catal. Hym. ii, 400. 57. Female. ''Black; the pubescence on the head black, that on the thorax before the wings fulvo-ochraceous, posteriorly and beneath black; the legs black ; wings fuscous. Abdomen, the pubescence black, ex- cept that on the fourth segment, which is yellow. Length 10 lines." Worker. Same as female, except that the hairs on the head are yellow. Length 6 lines. Male. " The pubescence as in the female, differing only in having that on the face yellow. Length 5 — 6 lines." Hah. California. ( ^ , Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) Female and male not seen. In the worker the hairs are rather long, and those of the third segment of the abdomen above cover the anterior part of the yel- low of the fourth segment, giving the band of yellow on that segment the appearance of being very narrow. 19. B. dubius u. sp. Worker ? Head black. Thorax anteriorly pale yellowish; between 98 [JuLV the wings black. Scutellum yellowish, mixed with black. Wings fus- cous. Legs black. Abdomen above black, with the fourth segment yellowish-white. Beneath black. Length 7 lines. One specimen. Western Kansas. (Coll. E. Norton.) • Closely allied to B. Californi.cu>^, but diifers by the more elongate head, the yellowish scutellum, and in the scape of the antennae being much shorter. 20. B. occidentalis. Bombus occidentalis Greene, Aun. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 11 k 170. Femalti. Head black, with a tuft of yellowish hairs below the an- tennas Thorax yellow anteriorly and laterally, with a broad black band between the wings. Scutellum yellowish, intermixed with black. Wings fusco-hyaliue, nervures black. Legs black ; tarsi brown ; corbicula golden-yellow. Abdomen above with the first three segments black, the apical segments white. Beneath black, with the posterior margin of the fifth and sixth segments fringed with whitish hairs. Length 10 lines. Worker. Colored same as the female. Lentitli 7 lines. Male. Colored same as the female, except that the hairs on the clypeus and vertex are mixed with yellowish, and those of the body beneath more or less pale. Length 7 — 8 lines. Forty-two (2 9 , 36 5 , 4 S ) specimens examined. California, Puget's Sound, Ft. Vancouver, (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila., E. Norton, and Smith. Inst ) A very pretty species, and seems to be the most common of our Western ones. The hairs of the body are rather long, and those on the third abdominal segment above cover the anterior half of the .fourth segment. 21. B. proximus, n. sp. Worker? Head black. Thorax anteriorly pale yellowish, posteri- orly black mixed with yellowish. Wings subhyaliue. Legs black ; corbicula pale. Abdomen above black, with the third segment yellow- ish-white, and the two apical segments white. Beneath black, slightly mixed with pale hairs. Length 7 lines. One specimen. Utah. Dr. Suckley. (Coll. Smith. Inst.) Kesembles B. medius, but the head is shorter, the body more com- pact, the wings clear, and the apical segments of the abdomen are white. 22. B. modestus, n. sp. Female. Head black, slightly mixed with pale hairs on the vertex. Thorax before the wings yellowish-white ; remainder black. Wings hyaline, faintly clouded on the apical margins. Legs black ; inner side of the basal joint of posterior tarsi golden in certain lights. Ab- domen above with the first, third and fourth (except the posterior mar- gin) segments black; second yellowish-white; posterior margin of the fourth, and the remaining segments white. Beneath black. Length 7 lines. One specimen. Youcon River, Arctic America. Mr. R. Kennicott. (Coll. Smith. Inst.) 23. B. terricola. Bombus terricola Kirby, Faun. Bor. Am. iv, p. 273, PI. 6 f. 4 J . Female. Head black. Thorax with its anterior portion above bright yellow, remainder of the thorax black, except a slight admixture of yellow on the scutellum. Wings fusco-hyaline. Legs black ; hairs of the posterior tibiae and the tarsi pale brown. Abdomen with the first, fourth and fifth segments above black ; second and third bright yellow; anus yellowish-white. Beneath black. Length 9 J lines. Worker. Same as the female, except that the scutellum is altogether black, and the smaller size. Length 7 lines. Male. Unknown to me. Two specimens; Canada West, 9 (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.), Hudson's Bay Territory, ^ (Coll. Mr. E. Norton). For the beautiful female specimen, the Society is indebted to Mr. AVilliam Saunders, of London, C.AV. 'li. B. Howardii, n. sp. 3{ale. Head black, mixed with yellow on the face and vertex. Tho- rax lemon-yellow above and beneath, with an indistinct blackish band between the wings. Wings hyaline, slightly stained with yellowish ; uervures brown. Legs black, slightly yellowish on the base of the femora beneath; hairs of the tibife and tarsi pale brown. Abdomen with the first, anterior portion of the second, and the fourth segments above black; the posterior margin of the second and the whole of the third segments above lemon-yellow ; the three apical segments very 100 [July pale yellow or a dirty white. Beneath black, sparsely clothed with l)ale hairs. Length 82 lines. Female and worher not seen. One specimen. Pike's Peak. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.) Collected by Mr. Winslow J. Howard, after whom it is named, and who has already discovered in that locality some new and very interesting species of Hymenoptera. I'j. B. frigidus. Bombus frigidus Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. Hj-m. ii, p. ?,2^. (1854). Bombtcs Carriei Greene, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. vii, p. 170. (1860J. Female. Head black, mixed with yellowish on the vertex. Thorax yellow, with a black band between the wings. Wings fusco-hyaline. Legs black ; base of femora beneath clothed with yellowish hairs; cor- bicula fulvous; tarsi brown, inner side of basal joint rufous. Abdo- men above with the two basal segments yellow; the third black, and the remaining segments fulvous or yellowish-fulvous. Bene.ath black, mixed with a few pale hairs. Length 7 — 8 lines. Woi'ker. Colored same as the female. Lens-th 5 — 6 lines. Male. Colored same as the female, except that the hairs on the head and legs are all yellow. Length 62 lines. Variety. The black band on the third segment of the abdomen above is very indistinct. Twenty (lo ? , 4 ^ , o^ ) specimens examined. Great Slave Lake; Youcon River, Arctic America. Mr. Kennicott, (Coll. Smith. Inst.) Puget's Sound, (Coll. E. Norton). The antennae of the male of this species, unlike any other known to me, have the flagellum somewhat suddenly thickened at the base, and gradually nari'ows to the tip. In some specimens the hairs of the third dorsal segment of the abdo- men cover the anterior part of the fourth segment, giving the abdomen the appearance of having two black bands. The variety of the male has the abdominal segments very much con- tracted, and the black band on the third segment is so indistinct that if would seem to belong to another species, but I think it is merely a variation. The description of B. Carriei Greene, answers so well to that of B. frigidus., that I have no doubts of their identity. 1863.] 101 26. B. Kirbiellus. Bomhus Kirbiellus Curtis, Ross' 2nd Voyage, Append, p. Ixii. '' Female. PI. A, fig. 2. — Black, a broad margin in frunt uf the thorax, hinder margin of scutellum, and the abdomen, excepting the third segment and the apex, clothed with long yellow-ochreous hairs ; wings yellowish, excepting the posterior margin, the nervures piceous; inside the tarsi with the pile bright ferruginous ; tips of spurs, apical joint of tarsi, and base of claws sub-castaneous. Length 10 lines. " Neuter. Similar to the female but much smaller, the hairs beyond the black on the abdomen are generally orange, and the whole of the tarsi, excepting the basal joint, is sub-castaneous. Length 7 lines. " J/a^e. Black, antennae as long as the thorax, compressed at the apex ; face and crown of head clothed with long yellow and black hairs; thorax yellow with hairs, having a transverse black band be- tween the wings; basal half of abdomen yellow, the remainder orange, with a narrow black band across the middle ; wings slightly yellow at the costa, the posterior margin slightly stained with brown, nervures piceous; basal joint of tarsi clothed inside with bright ferruginous hairs; spurs, base of claws, and apex of tarsi ochreous. Length 1\ lines." Arctic America. Unknown to me. 27. B. polaris. Bomhus polaris Curtis, Ross' 2nd Voyage, Append, p. Ixiii. " Female. Black ; a broad band across the anterior portion of the thorax, the scutellum, and abdomen clothed with long yellow hairs, whitish towards the apex of the abdomen, with a few black hairs on the sides of the third seQjment, a band of the same color on the fourth, and a very slight one on the fifth segment ; tarsi clothed with black pile internally, the outside of the basal joints brownish, the edges ferruginous. Length 10 lines. " Male. Black, clothed with yellow hairs ; head black, with a patch of yellow hairs on the face, and another on the back of the head, a blackish band across the centre of the thorax, and an indistinct narrow one on the third and fourth segments of the abdomen, the apex orange ; inside of tarsi clothed with yellowish pile. Length 6 lines. '• Remarks. A pair only of this species was preserved ; in size and many respects it resembles B. Kirbiellus, but the indistinct and some- 102 [July what double band of black hairs across the abdomen will distinguish it, and the yellow pile inside of the tarsi in the male and the black in the female, are sufficient characters, I think, to justify its being sepa- rated from the former species." e. • Arctic America. Unknown to me. Probably a variety of the pre- ceding species. I have before me two male specimens from Methy Portage, Arctic America, (Coll. Smith. Inst.) which answer very well to the descrip- tion above given. They are nearly 6 lines long, and in coloration they closely resemble the workers oifrigidm, but differ very much from the males of that species. 2S. B. strenuus, u. sp. Female. Head black, mixed with dark fuscous on the vertex. Tho- rax anteriorly and laterally yellowish ; a broad black band between the wings. Scutellum yellowish, somewhat mixed with black. Wino-s fusco-hyaline, darkest along the costa and towards the base. Legs black. Abdomen with the three basal segments yellowish; the fourth black, and the two apical segments more or less fulvous or yellowish- fulvous, mixed with black. Beneath black. Length 10 — 12 lines. Worker. Not seen. Male. Colored same as the female, except that the head has a mix- ture of yellowish below the antennae and on the vertex ; the legs have the hairs yellowish, particularly on the posterior pair ; the fifth segment of the abdomen is nearly all black, and the two apical segments entirely fulvous. Length 7 lines. Five (4 9 , 1 S ) specimens examined. Youcon River, Arctic Ame- rica, and Hudson's Bay Territory. Mr. Kennicott. (Coll. Smith. Inst.) A very fine species. Two of the female specimens have the two apical segments almost entirely black, and therefore this species may, although improbably, prove to be a variety of B. Arcticus. 2(1. B. Sitkensis. Bombus Sitkensis Nyl. Noti.s. ur Stillsk. pro Faun, et Flor. Fenn. Forli. 1. p. 235. 19. " Hairy, yellow; on the third and fourth segments of the abdomen blackish, with the hairs on the head and back of thorax mixed with blackish ; corbicula either fuscous or inclining to fulvous. In the % . 1863.] 103 the hairs are of a more pure yellow, with three, more or less ilistiiiet. uarrow bands of the abdomen, and the hairs in the middle of the back of the thorax mixed with black. "Small. $, 17 millini., anterior wings 14; ^. 10 — 14, anterior wings 9 — 12 ; in this the black hairy band of the abdomen is often transversely divided by yellow hairs of the margin of the third seg- ment; % , 12 millim., long, with the wings somewhat longer, hairs nar- rowly banded on the base of the third abdominal segment, on the fourth and fifth almost entirely black ; anus fuivous-yellow. Feet black, hairy, in $ ^ , yellow hairy in % . Sitka." Not seen. ,'?0. B. affinis n. sp. Female Head black. Thorax in front and on the sides yellow ; between the wings black. Scutellum yellow. Wings fusco-hyaline. Legs black. Abdomen with the whole of the first and the sides and posterior margin of the second segments above yellow ; remainder of the second segment rufo-fulvous ; remaining segments black. Beneath black. Length 8 lines. JIale. Colored same as the female, except a slight admixture of yel- lowish hairs on the vertex. Length 8 lines. Hub. Canada, 9 , Mr. W. Saunders. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.), and New York, % . (Coll. E. Norton). 31. B. melanopyge. Bombus melanopyge Nyl. Notis. in- Sallsk. pro Faini. et Flor. Fenn. Forh. 1, p. 236. '• Hairy, yellow, with the hairs on the head and the back of the tho- rax, between the wings subfasciate, intermixed with blackish; on the second, third and base of the fourth segments of the abdomen fulvo- rufous. on the following blackish; body beneath yellow hairy. Length of the body and anterior wings, 11 millim. Sitka." Not seen. ."52. B. lacustiis, n. sp. Fcmile. Head black, mixed with yellowish in front and on the vertex. Thorax anteriorly and laterally yellowish, mixed with black- ish : between the wino-s blackish. Scutellum vellowish. Wings sub- hyaline, apical margins clouded. Legs black ; base of femora yellowish 104 [July beneath ; corbicula fuscous; tarsi brownish, inner side of the basal joint bright rufous. Abdomen above with the basal segment and the poste- rior margin of the fourth segment yellowish; the second and third seg- ments reddish ; remaining segments black. Beneath black, mixed with yellowish hairs. Length 8 lines. Worker. Colored same as the female, except that the yellowish fringe on the fourth abdominal segment is not so conspicuous. Length OJ — 7 lines. Male. Colored same as the female, except that the hairs of the head and the anterior part of the thorax are more yellowish, with a very slight mixture of black, and the black band between the wings much more distinct. Length 6^ lines. Six (3 9, 2^5 1 '^ ) specimens examined : Lake Athabasca, and Grreat Slave Lake. Mr. R. Kennicott. (Coll. E. Norton and Smith. Inst. ) This is closely allied to B. ternarius and ornatus, but differs from both species. 33. B. ornatus. Bombus ornatus Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. Hym. ii, p. 398. 52. ''■Female. Length 7 lines. — Black; the pubescence on the head black, mixed with yellow hairs at the insertion of the antennae ; the thorax has a rich fulvo-ochraceous pubescence, and has a broad black band between the wings, the sides of the thorax anteriorly yellow; the legs have a black pubescence, with a few pale hairs at the base of the femora beneath; wings fusco-hyaline. Abdomen, the pubescence on the basal segment yellow, on the three following segments it is fulvous, having a narrow border of yellow, which divides it from the black pu- bescence which clothes the apex. " The coloring of the male and the worker is the same, but less bright, and the pubescence is longer in the male than in the other sexes '■^ Hah. North America; Hudson's Bay; Arctic America." Unknown to me. Very closely allied to B. teniarius. :',i. B. ternarius. Bombus ternarius Say, Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist. 1, p. 414. Bombus Suntii Greene, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 7, p. 172. Female. Head black, more or less yellow on the face and vertex. Thorax with its anterior portion, sides, and the scutellum lemon-yellow; 1863.] 105 a broad black band between the wings. Wings subhyaline, apical mar- gin stained with brown. Legs black; base of femora beneath clothed with yellow hairs ; tarsi brown. Abdomen with the first and fourth segments above lemon-yellow ; second and third segments bright ful- vous; the two apical segments black. Beneath black, intermixed with yellowish. Length 10 lines. Wor/icf. Same as the female, except size, and the colors .ire not so bright. Length 5 — 6 lines. 31ale. Colored same as the female. Length 7 lines. Sixteen (5 9 , 10 ?^ , 1 S ) specimens examined. Me., Conn., Penn., Kansas, Utah, Puget's Sound, and Arctic America. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phil, and E. Norton). This is a beautiful species when fresh ; in alcoholic specimens the yellow is faded to a dirty white, and the fulvous color becomes more of a reddish hue. I see no reason why B. Huntii Greene, should be separated from this species, the colors are situated exactly the same, although faded by alcoholic immersion ; and if the abdominal segments were not unnaturally distended, the entire length of the insect would not exceed 10 lines. 3.5. B. flavifrons n. sp. Female. Head yellow in front and on the vertex. Thorax yellow- ish, mixed with blackish above, with a blackish band between the wings. Wings subhyaline, slightly stained with fuscous. Legs black, with pale hairs; femora beneath densely clothed with yellowish hairs; inner side of the basal joint of tarsi golden yellow in certain lights. Abdomen with the two basal segments above yellowish ; the third and fourth fulvous; the remaining segments blackish. Beneath black, clothed with yellowish hairs. Length 8 lines. Worker. Colored sauie as the female, except that the band between the wings is much more distinct, the color of the third and fourth seg- ments of the abdomen above is more reddish, and the black color of the apical segments somewhat mixed with reddish. Length 5J lines. Male. Resembles the female, but the haii's are somewhat longer. and those on the face more dense; the color of the third and fourth segments of the abdomen above same as that of the worker ; the legs and the abdomen beneath are thickly clothed with yellowish hairs. In 10*; [July one speciuien the base of" the third segment of the abdomen above is mixed with black. Length 7 lines. Eleven (89, 1 ^ ,7 %) specimens examined. Ft. Youcon, Arctic America; Hudson's Bay Territory, and Kansas, (('oil. Ent. Soc. Phil. E. Norton, and Smith. Inst.) The black color on the apical segments of the abdomen of the worker, being mixed with red, would seem to connect it with B. praticola of Ivirby, which I have not identified, but, for the present, it would probably be better to keep them separated. 3(1. B. praticola. Boynbus praticola Kirby,, Faun. Bor. Am. 4, p. 274. " Female. Body black, clothed above with yellowish hairs. Head with a tuft of yellowish hairs below the antennas, and on the vertex ; thorax black between the wings, which are embrowned; legs with yellow hairs at the base ; anterior half of the abdomen yellow, posterior ferru- ginous. Length of the body 7 lines." British America. Unknown to me. ' :'>!. B. sylvicola. Brymbus sylvicola Kirby, Faun. Bor. Amer. 4, p. 272. Female. Head black ; the vertex and a tuft of hairs below the in- sertion of the antennae, yellowish. Thorax yellowish, with a broad black baud between the wings. Wings subhyaline, varied with fuscous. Legs black; femora beneath with yellowish hairs. Abdomen above yellowish, with the second and third segments reddish. Beneath black, mixed with pale hairs. Length 8 — 9 lines. Worker and male not seen. Four specimens. Youcon River, Arctic America, and (xreat Slave Lake. Mr. Pt. Kennicott. (Coll. Smith. Inst.) I take the specimens before me to be the same species as described by Mr. Kirby, under the above name, although he does not mention the position of the reddish bands on the abdomen. His description was taken from a single specimen (sex not mentioned) captured in Lat. 65°. ;is. B. rufo-cinctus n. sp. Male. Head black, hairs on the vertex and a tuft in front below the antennt\i yellow. Thorax yellow, with an indistinct baud between 1863.] 107 the wings. Wings hyaline, slightly clouded on the apical margins. Legs black, femora clothed beneath with yellowish hairs. Abdomen with the third and fourth segments above reddish, remaining segments yellow. Beneath sparsely clothed with yellowish hairs. Length 7 lines. Worher. Colored same as the male, except that the hairs of the face are black. Length 5 lines.. Female. Not seen. Two specimens from Pike's Peak (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.), collected by Mr. W. J. Howard. 39. B. nidulans. Apis nidulans Fabr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. 274. Bomhus nidulans Fabr. Syst. Piez. 349. " Head and antennae rather long. Thorax yellow, a black band be- tween the wings. Abdomen yellow, anus slightly fulvous. Feet black. Hab. North America." Unknown to me. Probably an Apatlnis, and may be a variety of A. elafus. 40. B. Antiguensis. Apis Antiguensis Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 380; Ent. Syst. 2, p. .SIS; Oliv. Encycl. Meth. Ins. iv, p. 66. Bombus Antiguensis Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 346. " Size of A. violaceus. Head black, immaculate. Thorax diairy. black. Abdomen black, anterior part yellow. Wings fuscous. Feet black. Hah. Antigua." LTnknown to me. 41. B. epMppiatus. Bombus epMppiatus Say, Bost. Journ. Ifat. Hist. 1. p. 414. '■ Body black ; pleura pale yellow ; wings dusky, tinged with viola- ceous ; tergum pale yellow towards the base ; this color is gradually narrowed behind and terminately on the third segment, forming some- what of a semi-oval, with its base to the thorax and confluent with the color of the pleura. Length less than half an inch. "Inhabits Mexico." Not seen. 108 [July 42. B. pulcher n. sp. Female. Head black. Thorax above black, lemon-yellow on the sides. Wings fusco-hyaline, slightly tinged with violaceous. Legs black. Abdomen with the first, part of the second, and centre of the third segments above bright lemon-yellow ; balance of the second and third segments above bright rufous ; remaining segments black. Be- neath black. Length 11 lines. Ilah. Jalapa, Mexico. Mr. J. Akhurst. (Coll. E. Norton.) This is the handsomest species of Bomhuii known to me, and were it not for the rufous color on the second and third segments of the abdo- men, which is very conspicuous, I should have considered it as the B. cphlppiatm of Say, but he mentions no such color in his description. V.\. B. Carolinus. Aph Carolina Linn. Syst. Nat. 2, p. 959; Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 379; Ent. Syst. 2, p. 316 ; Oliv. Eucyc. Meth. Ins. iv, 64. Bombus Carolinus Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 342. '' Hairy, black; abdomen above fulvous, the first and las.t segments black. H. A. iasularis. Bombus interruptus Greene. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y.. vii. ji. 11 A- 1":!, 9- (nee P.sith/rus St. Farg.) Bombus Suck/cyi. Greene. " " " 16S. % . Apathus insularis Smith, .Journal of Entomology, i, p. 155, f. Female. Head black, with the hairs at the insertion of the an- tennae and on the vertex, yellow. Thorax yellow above and on the side.s ; black between the wings. Wings fusco-hyaline. Legs black : femora tinged with dark red ; tarsi pale. Abdomen above shining black, with the sides of the third, fourth and tifth segments yellow. Beneath black. Length about 10 lines. Male. Head black, mixed with yellow on the vertex. Thorax above and on the sides yellow ; black between the wings. Wings subhyaline. Legs black ; tarsi pale. Abdomen above with the second, third (or its anterior part), and the middle of the three apical segments black ; rest yellowish. Beneath black, mixed with pale hairs. Length 7 — 8 lines. Var. a. Having the second and third abdominal segments mixed with yellow on the disk; anus black. Length 8 lines. — B. SucMeyi Greene. Var. b. Having the first three and sides of the fourth and fifth abdominal segments yellow ; rest black. Length 6? lines. Var. c. Having a distinct black band between the wings; the .second abdominal segment mixed with yellow on the disk; the fifth segment entirely black, and the apical segment mixed with pale fulvous. Length 62 lines. Fifteen (4 9 , US) specimens examined. Methy Portage, Arctic America; Puget's Sound ; Ft. Steilacoom, W. T.; Vancouver's Island. (Coll. E.Norton and Smith. Inst.) The female of this species so much resembles that of A. campestris of Europe, that, at first, I thought they were the same species, and am .still doubtful whether the differences are sufficient to separate them ; but until a more critical examination and comparison of the two species can be made, they had better be kept separated. The name interrupts having been used by St. Fargeau for a species of this genus, the name proposed by Mr. Smith should take its place. 114 [JULY TliL- t'emale sjiecimeus f'roui wliioh Mr. Greene made his description (tf this species, have the hairs on the dorsal surface of the abdoraen rubbed off, although, generally, the hairs on that part of the abdomen are mucli scattered and sparse. The only differences that 1 can see between the females of this spe- cies, and armjH'sfn'f!. are that the former species has the hairs of the head yellowish, while those on the head of the latter species are entirely black ; the black band in the middle of the thorax of cinnpestn's is broader and more distinct. The males aboA'e described, and which I think belong to this species, present no characters by which they could easily be separated from those of ramjjesfris. ami they vary just as much in the coloration. The specimen, before me, of B. SucA-foyi Greene, which seems to be the typical specimen (as it has the word "Type" attached to the pin), is a S . and not a 9 > ^^ indicated in Mr. G's description, and the apical segment is apparently altogether black, and not yellowish. . However, in considering the many variations which occur in the males of A. 'campestris, I am inclined to believe that this is the male of A. insularis, as well as the other two varieties described above. Var. c, of the male, answers in many particulars to the description given of the male of B. Sitkensis, but as it seems more related as a variety of ^1. insularis, it would probably be best to allow it to remain here, until more specimens have been accumulated. It is certainly an 7. A. elatus. Apis aluta Fabr. Ent. Srst. Suppl. p. 274. Bombi's elatus Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 352. Male. Head black, sometimes mixed with whitish on the clypeus. Thorax lemon-yellow with a black band between the wings. Wings fasco-hyaliue. Legs black, more or less whitish on the femora; inner .side of the posterior tibiae and basal joint of tarsi golden-rufous in cer- tain lights. Abdomen bright-lemon yellow, except the two apical seg- ments, which are tufted with black. Beneath black, mixed with yel- lowish on the sides. Length 7 — 10 lines. Vxr. a. Having the hairs on the fifth aljduujinal seguieut mixed with black, and the tufts on the anus tinged with fulvous. 1863.] ll-'i V(ir. b. Having all the abdominal s^egments yellowish, except the anus, which is black. V(rr. c. Having the whole of the thorax black, except the anterior portion above, and a few hairs on the scutellum which are yellowish. Var. d. Having the whole of the thorax yellowish, except a slight admixture of blackish between the wings. Female. Not seen. Twenty-two specimens examined. Mass., Conn., N. Y., N. J., Penn.. Del.. Md.. 111. (Coll. E. Norton, and Ent. Soe. Phila.) Although Fabricius described this species as having the thorax en- tirely yellow, it will be seen above that it varies from almost all yellow to almost all black. The most common variety, however, has a black band between the wings. The yellowish color of this species, as is generally the case with most of the bees, often fades to a dirty white ; the color when fresh is doubtless a bright lemon-yellow. It may be possible that B. irnhdans of Fab., is only a variety of this species, as some of the specimens before me have the anus tinged with fulvous. This species resembles Bomhus fervulus very much in coloration. and may possibly be parasitic on that species. In concluding this paper I would state that I have done the best 1 could in separating the species of this group, and it may be that I have made too many new species, but when we consider the great difficulty experienced by authors in bringing about a correct division of the Euro- pean species, it will perhaps be a sufficient excuse for any such errors that I have made in this paper. I desire, here, to express my thanks to JMr. Edward Norton, Dr. Thos. B. Wilson, and the Smithsonian Institution, for the loan of specimens, and for much valuable assistance. 11(> [JlLV INDEX TO SPECIES. HOMBUS. Page affinis 103 alpina 95 Americanorum 94 AntiguensitJ 107 Arcticus 95 halteatus 108 biinaculatus 92 borealis 93 Californicus 97 Oarolinus 108 Carrici 100 Derhamellus 108 diligens 110 rlubius 97 ej)hiiopiatus 107 fervidus 93 Havifrons 105 IVigidus TOO griseo-coUis 88 Groenl andicus 97 lior torum 108 Howardii 99 Hudsonieus 92 Huntii 104 hyper boreus 108 impatiens 90 Kirbiellus 101 laboriosus 109 lacustris 103 Page Marylandicus do medius 97 melanopyge 103 moderatus ;)9. 109 modestus lott, 99 nidulans 107 occi den tali s !)8 ornatiis 104 pallidus <,)2 Pensylvaiiicus 94 perplexns id pleui-alis 90 polaris 101 praticola .• lOG pratorum 108 l^rox i mus 98 pulcher 108 rufo-einctus 106 sciitellaris 9(j Sitkensis io2 sonorus 95 strenuu.-? 102 sylvicola ..100 ternarius 1U4 terrieola 99 vagans 91 violaceus 108 Virginicus S7 APATHIIS. citriiuis 112 eon tiguiis 112 elatus 114 fraternus Ill instilaris 113 interruptus 113 intrudens Ill laboriosus Ill Suckleyi 113 ISO;}.] 117 S T A T E D M E E T I N G, August 10. President Bland in the Cliair. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. The Committees on the papers of Dr. Clemens and Mr. .SUiiuton, read July 13th, reported in favor of their publication in the Proceed- ings of the Society. DONATIONS TO CABINET. 30 CoLEOPTERA {Cicuuh'la unicolor, Galerita afripe.s, Biachi/a- cantha tati, Langxiria puncticoUis, Typocerns lunatus); 10 Lepidop- TERA (TrochUium fipuli/oi-niis, Hamadryas Bassettclla), from H. ¥. Bassett, of Waterbui-y, Conn. 15 CoLEOPTERA (^Haplockile jrygmsea, Platynus erythropus, Hur- palus viridsenevs, Lachnosterna errans, Pelidnota Lwse,^ Podahrus pruinosus, Polycaon ovi'colle, Mordellistina hicinctella^ . from Henry Ulke. 6 CoLEOPTERA (Pterontichus hudsonicun, Ancylochira jViifu/li, Adt- locera ohtccta, Lepyrus colon)^ from E. T. Cresson. 2 Neuroptera {3Iantisp)a hrunnea), from Robert Kennicott, of Cook Co., Illinois. 1 CoLEOPTERA (Chalcolepidms viridijnh's^ from P. J. Ridings. The following Lepidoptera from the Committee on Collecting- Fund, were kindly determined by Mr. Aug. R. Grote, of Buffalo. N. Y. — Ctenuclui Cressonana Grote (Type); Baptria infnlata Grote (Type), and Platyptprix genicula Grote. donations TO library. Procffdiiu/n (if tlie Academy of ]S^atur(d Sciences of Philadelphia, for April (mil May, 1863, and the Proceedings of the Boston Society ofXatural History, Vol. 9, pp. 193—224. From Dr. T. B. Wilson. Moiiograplm if the Diptera of North America. By H. Loeir, and R. Ostcii Sack-en. From the Smithsonian Institution. The following are deposited by Dr. T. B. Wilson : — Revue ft Magasin de Zejologie. Par J/. F. E. Gutria-Mi'iierille. 18G3.— .Vo. 4. 118 [August Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London. Zoology. JVos. 25 & 26. 8vo. Annates de la Societe Entomologique de France. 4e Serie, Tome 3, Trim. 1. 1863. Svo. The Zoologist, for June, 1863. 8vo. Stetti)L('r Eatomologische Zeitung. Jar. 24. JVo. 4 — 6. Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift. Bd. 7, Nr. 5. 8vo. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1807 — 1812. 1 Vol. 8vo. Transactio7is of the Entomological Society of London. Vols. \ — 5; New Series, Vols. 1 — 5. 10 Vols. 8vo. WRITTEN COMMU^IICATIONS. Letters were read From the Secretary of the Entomological Society of London, dated 12 Bedford Row, July 14th, 1863, acknowledging the receipt of recent numbers of the Society's Proceedings, and returning thanks for the same. From Messrs. Robert Kennicott, dated The G-rove, 111., July 23rd, 1863; Edward Tatuall, Jr., dated Wilmington, Del., July 20th, 1863; Henry S. Sprague, dated Buffiilo, N.Y., July 27th, 1863, and Frede- rick Tepper, dated Brooklyn, July 27th, 1863, acknowledging their election as Corresponding 3hmbers of the Society. From George H. Horn, M. D., dated Camp Independence, Owen's Valley, California, July 1st, 1863, giving an account of his Entomo- lo2:ical researches in California. The following papers were presented for publication in the Pi'oceed- ings of the Society : " Notes on (Neutral American Lepidoptera, with descriptions of new species. No. 1, by Tryon Reakirt." " Catalogue of North American Butterflies, by J. W. Weidemeyer." •' Hemipterological Contributions, No. 1, by P. R. Uhler." " Observations on certain North American Neuroptera, by H. Hagen, M. D., of Kocnigsberg, Prussia; translated from the original French MS., and published by permission of the author, with notes and descrip- tions of sixteen new North American species of Pseudoneurojjtera , by Beuj. D. Walsh, M. A." And were referred to Committees. 1863.] 119 ELECTIONS. The following persons were elected Corre^pondmg Members of the Society : — W. 0. Currier, of Providence, Rhode Island. John Tepper, of Brooklyn, New York. AMERICAN MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. BY BRACKENRIDGE CLEMENS, M. D. TiNEINA. GELECHIA. G. angustipennella. — Fore wings white, dusted with fuscous from the basal third of the wing to the apex, with a blackish brown dot iu the middle of the wing behind the tip, and two dark fuscous dots near the costa at the base of the wing, beneath the second of which is an oblique, short fuscous streak Cilia fuscous. Hind wings dark fuscous, cilia the same. Antennce white dotted with fuscous above. Head and thorax white. Labial palpi white, second joint with a dark fuscous spot near the ends of the second joint; terminal joint with a broad blackish brown ring at the tip, leaving the extreme apex white. G. punctiferella. — Fore wings white. Near the base of the fold is a blackish dash, and above this in the middle of the wing is a blackish dot and a third one of the same hue, so placed posteriorly as to form a triangle with the other two. Immediately behind the latter and above the end of the fold, are two blackish dots, placed one above the other. Around the apex and posterior margins, the wing is dusted with dark fuscous. Cilia yellowish brown. Hind wings yellowish brown, cilia the same. AntennfE yellowish-brown. Head and thorax rather sordid white. Labial palpi whitish, second joint dusted externally in the middle with fuscous; terminal dusted with fuscous, extreme apex white. G. gilvolinella. — Fore wings pale yellowish, dusted with dark fuscous, espe- cially towards the tip and along the costa from the middle to the tip. Near the tip is an oblique, pale yellowish line from the costa, extended to a spot of the same hue beneath the tip. Behind this line in the middle of the wing is a blackish brown dot. Between the costal end of the line and the tip of the wing are two or three small pale yellowish costal dots, and a few on the mar- 120 [August L^in beneath the tip, .sometimes indistinct. Cilia yellowish fuscous. Hind wing.s fuscous, cilia the same. Antennae annulated with yellowish and fuscous. Lahial palpi fuscous ; ter- minal joint yellowish, fuscous at the base. 'G. apicilinella. — Fore wings pale yellowish dusted with fu.scous, with a fus- cous dot near the middle of the fold, and two others of the same hue beyond it in the middle of the wing, placed longitudinally. The apical portion of the wing is more freely dusted with fuscous than that towards the base ; the cilia at the extreme tip, touched on their ends with fuscous, so as to make a fuscous line. Cilia very pale yellow. Hind wings rather paler than the fore wings, cilia concolorous. Antennw annulated with pale yellow and fuscous. Head and labial palpi I)ale yellowish. G. pullifimbriella. — Fore wings dark fuscous, tinted with yellowish, with an indistinct black dot in the middle of the fold, one of the same hue in the mid- dle of the wing above it, and one likewise blackish brown in the middle of the wing above the beginning of the cilia of the inner margin, the former rather indistinct. Hind wings somewhat lurid. xVntenuffi dark fuscous. Head rufo-fuscous, face beneath somewhat 3'ellow- ish. Labial palpi dull ochreous ; second joint somewhat fuscous beneath ; ter- minal joint with fuscous atoms. The following table of species may facilitate the recognition of spe- cies. Some of them included in the table have been described in the Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci., May, 1860. p. 162. Fore icinyK white or yeUoicish. With no sharp markings in apical cilia. 1. With an oblique line near tips. Fore wings white, or yellowish with costa white nigratomella. Fore wings j^ellowish-fuscous gilvolinella. 2. With a large, median, costal patch mediofuscella. ;i. With discal spots or dots Well dusted with fuscous, nearly to the base angustipennella. Slightly dusted with fuscous punctiferrella. 4. Without distinct dots, wings nearly unieolorons cerealella. With sharply marked line in apical cilia apicilineUa. Fore icinfja dark gray or dark hrotrn, irithout roi^eate, hue. Fore wings with bands. 1. Bands transverse. With two white bands and a costal sjiot Labradoriella. With one concave yellow band Agrimoniella. With one band near the apex. doul)ly curved. Hind wings apex produced flexurella. Hind wings apex rounded mimella. 1S68.] 121 2. Band loi\;cous^ with hut little yellowish, when of course, the costal markings are not distinguishable, hut the dofs are conspicuous. 2d. Sometimes the forewings are yellowish-fuscous, with the median dot distinct, but those at the end of the fold indistinct, and the costal mark- ings wanting. The dots on the middle of the wing and above the end of the fold, are the most constant markings. H. purpurocomella. — Fore wings uniform dark purplish-fuscous, with an indisti-.K't, blackish median dot and two of the same hue in the middle of the wing above the fold. Hind wings dark yellowish-fuscous, cilia tlie same. Ilej.d and thorax fuscous with a reddish hue. Face tinted with yellowish. Labial palpi fuscous. H. gilbo3iliella. — Fore wings pale yellow, with a black dot in the middle of tiie wing, and slightly dusted with fuscous towards the apex. Hind wings pale ochreous -fuscous. Antenna3 dark ochreous. Head and labial jialpi pale yellowish. The fore wings of the female are more dusted v/ith fuscous than those of the male. H modestella. — Fore wings fuscous, the basal portion of the wing is paler and shining, and has a faint grayish hue ; in the middle of the wing is a dark fuscous spot. Antennee, head and labial palpi, fuscous. YPSOLOPHUS Haw., Zell. Winirs elongate with moderate cilia. Hind wings trapeziform, slightly rctuse before the apex; with an in- tercostal cell. Subcostal vein furcate. Discal vein curved, with a cen- tral ncrvule. Median vein three-branched, the two superior nervules given oif from a common stalk. Submedian vein distinct ; internal obsolete. 1863.] 123 Fore wings narrow; discal end narrow. The apical brancli of the subcostal vein is furcate and enters the costa behind the tip, and behind it are three subcosto-marginal branches. The posterior branch of the median is furcate. Submedian furcate at the base. Head smooth. Ocelli none (?). Antennae setaceous, remotely den- ticulated in the % , microscopically ciliated. Labial palpi with the second joiut honenih formed like a britih, with the hairs produced in front; the terminal joint smooth, pointed, recurved and needlclikt. Maxillary palpi not perceptible. Tongue of moderate length, clothed with scales. The labial palpi in the imagos I refer to this genus, are not so much like a brush as are those of Y. parenthesdlus of Europe, for a specimen of which I am indebted to Mr. H. T. Stanton of London. In our spe- cies the second joint of the palpi has not the long brushlike hairs along its under surface, but are arranged almost into a tuft at the end oi' the joint. The species described by Dr. Fitch, under the generic name of Chal- tochilus, belong to this genus. I have been unable to recognize any of the following in his descriptions. Y. puncticliscellus.— tri'n.^'.s narroio. Fore wings pale ochreous, dusted and brown : along the costa towards the base paler, rather whitish. At the base of the fold is a brown dot, two of the same hue about the middle of the wing, and one or two, likewise brown, at about the end of the disc. Near the tip is an indistinct yellowish line, with a brown baud exteiior to it. The hinder mar- gin has a series of blackish dots at the base of the cilia. Cilia similar in color to that of the f(jre wings. Hind wings somewhat plumbeous gray. AntennDB annulated with pale yellowish-brown and deep brown. Head pale yellowish brown. Labial palpi, second joint dark fuscous, pale ochreous at the end; terminal joint pale ochreous. Y. pauciguttellus. — Fore wings rather dull, uniform earthen brown, irregu- larly and sparsely dotted with dark brown. Cilia concolorous with the wing. Hind wings brownish, with a bluish irridescent hue. Antennae dark brownish, not annulated. Head dark brownish. Labial palpi, second joint dark brown, whitish at the end; terminal joint dark brownish, striped internally with whitish. Y. unicipunctellus. — Wings rather broad. Fore wings pale brownish-ochreous, with a purplish hue, slightly dusted with blackish. In tlie fold about the mid- dle is rather an indistinct blackish dot, and one of the same hue in the middle of the wing about the end of the disc, with two or three lohite .scales on its interior margin. Around the hinder margin is a series of blackish dots. Cilia uncolor- less with the fore wings. Hind wiugs brownish. Antennce annulated with yellowish and brown. Head brownish-ochreous. l^^ [August Labial palpi, second joiul brown, wbitisb at tbe end: toininal joint yellowish white, sometimes dusted with br^'ojecfin(j scales at the sides. The larvse of this genus are extremely active, and feed on a variety of substances ; some in rolled up leaves of composite plants, some in the leaves, and others in the umbels of the Umbelliferse; many of the latter descend from the plant on the slightest agitation, so that con- siderable caution is necessary in attempts to collect them. The full fed larvae descend to the ground and change to pupse among the fallen leaves. The perfect insects have the peculiarity of sliding about when laid on their backs. D. atrodorsella. — Fore wings yellow ochreous, with several ((5 or 8) black coslal (lots IVoiii the base to the tip of the wing. On the basal portion of the dise is a black dot, beyond which, on the disc, is a rufous colored patch, ex- tended towaids the tip of the wing, and partially interrupted over the niiddb- of the subcosto-marginal, nervules. Cilia rufous. Hind wings yellowish. Thoi-ax black. Antennaj dark fuscous. Head above, rufous, face blackish hron-n above, r/ellowish beiieath. Labial paljii pah- yellow: second joint dusted wirii 1863.] 125 blackish exteriorly' ; terminal, with two dark fuscous rings, one near the base, the other near the tip. I have before me a single specimen. ENICOSTOMAT Stcpli. Wings broad, ovate. Cilia of hind wings rather long. Hind wings broadly ovate ; costa straight, hind margin rounded to the base, scarcely retuse before the tip. Costal vein long, entering the costa behind the tip ; subcostal simple attenuated towards base ; discal vein oblique, with two branches, the lower one arched. Median 3- branched, the two superior from a common point. The fold slightly thickened. Submediau and internal distinct. Fore wing, the first subcostal branch arises about the basal third, beyond which are three branches, the apical furcate near the tip, both branches entering the costa just above it. The origins of the first and second branches separated. Discal vein has two branches. Median 3-branched, the two posterior form a common point. Fold thickened. Submedian with basal fork. Head rather rough* (?). No ocelli. Antennae scarcely one-half so long as fore wings, filiform, slightly denticulate beneath. Labial palpi arched, the whole of the terminal joint being above the vertex; second joint long, twice the length of the terminal, flattened, with appre.ssed scales, except at the tip ; terminal smooth, cylindrical, slender. Max- illary palpi not perceptible. Tongue at least twice the length of labial palpi, scaled. Ef Packardella. — Fore wings gray, tinted along the costa, especially at the base, with roseate; slightly streaked and dusted with deep brown. From the base of the wing on the costa, arises a deep brown irregular stripe, which bends towards the inner margin to about tlie middle of the fold, and thence curves to the middle of the costa, and throws off towards the inner margin, a short hook margined internally with white, and above it a streak towards the base of the wing with white in the angle. Hind wings pale gray. Antennfe fuscous, tinted with roseate at the base. Head gray. Labial palpi o-ray; second joint tinted with roseate and dusted with fuscous; terminal with a fuscous ring near the tip. I have before me a single specimen, in tolerably good condition, re- ceived from Mr. Packard. * Almost too much denuded to determine. 12iveu off, rather re- mote from the first, the apical branch being furcate, with both branches entering the costa behind the tip. Discal vein obliquely inclined to- wards the base, with two branches. The median vein with three rather long branches, the posterior arising nearly opposite the middle of tlu' space between the 1st and 2d subcostal branches. Submedian, fui'- cate at the base. Head smooth, broad in front, forehead rounded. No ocelli. Antennae filiform, about one-half as long as the fore wings, with joints closely set, basal joint short, (with short hairs in CliauUodas.'^) Labial palpi recurved, so as to equal the vertex; second joint subclavate, slightly thickened with scales towards the end; terminal joint cylindrical, slightly roughened, nearly equal in length to the second, pointed. No maxillary palpi. Tongue loanting. (In ChauUodus, short and naked.) CI canicinctella. — Fore wings dirty whitisli towards the base, apical half fuscous varied with blackish. Au irregular whitish band near the tip, in- clined towards the base, margined externally with a short black line from the inner margin, and with two short exterior bhick dashes, one in the middle of the wing, one on the costa. The internal edge of the fuscous portion of the wing is inclined towards the tip and margined with whitish. The extreme apex is blackish and the cilia around it whitish sprinkled with black. Cilia fuscous. Hind wings fuscous. Head and labial jialpi whitish ; the terminal joint of the latter, with two fuscous rings, one about the middle and one at the tip. I have before me two mutilated specimens, one simply with a pair of wings, received from Mr. A. S. Packard, Jr., and numbered by him 790. * In the specimen before me. the basal joints have been denuded by mites. l->0 [August Observations on American TINEINA BY H. T. STAINTON* Tinea hiJlavimacuMla. This is closely allied, if not identical with Tinea Spilotella. (See Linn. Eut. VI, p. 108 Rusiticella var. h.) Spi- IniiJla appears confined to the N. of Europe occurring- in Finlands and Scotland. T. (loni^>l- liella. T. nubilipennella is identical with our T. fuscipunctella. Xi/lestliia pruniramieJla. This curious genus appears to be rather allied to OchsenJieivicria ; another strange genus in this vicinity. Hapsifera was founded by Zeller in the Isis of 1847, p. 82" Amydria effrenateUa. I am disposed to place this in the genus Euplovamus ; the palpi are very like those of E. tessulateUa, 7a. (Linn. Ent. VI, p. 96.) Anaphora plumifronteUa. I am utterly perplexed with this; we have no European form at all resembling it. Lithocolletis lucidicostella and argent ifinibrieUa. These are allied to the group of Cramerella., TeneLla^ and Heegmella. LltliocoUetis badstrigella. This is nearly allied to a South Euro- pean species SuherifoHella (Zell. Eutomol. Zeitung, 1859, p. 'I'M). but it is smaller, the basal streak is shorter, the subapical streaks are more distinct, and the ground color is darker. Ttucheria cltrinipennella. This is rather intermediate between the European Oonip la nella and Marginea ; it possesses a black spot at the anal angle, as in the last named species. Plii/llocinstis vitigenfJla. This is closely allied to our Sufiisi'lJn and Sah'gna, but it is smaller and the position of the subapical dorsal streak is different. *Coininunieated in a letter to Dr. Brackenridge Clemens, dated Le\vi?hnm. near London, September 26, 1860. 1863.] 1:51 Golcophora comscipennella. This is very nearly allied t(j ouv ('. Fabrirklla, but the anterior win<>s are a little browner. The aiitcniin' quite agree with those of C. Ftibriciclla. PluteUa vlgilaciella. This is our P. PorrevtcUa; you will tiiid tiic larva in gardens on Hesperis matron alls. PluteUa Umibijiennella. This is our P. Gruciferarwni ; it seems cosmopolitan, as I have seen specimens from various parts of the globe. Probably wherever man eats cabbages Cruciferarum will occur. Arg^rcsfhia orcascUa. This seems quite identical with our ^1. An- dereggiella. Bedellia? StaintonieJla. Certainly a BedeUia, and I cannot distin- guish it specifically from our sommulentella, only it is smaller. Coamopteryx? gemmifereUa^ a true Cosmopteryx^ but your speci- mens are not all the same species : four of them I take to be the true Gemmiferella — these have the central fascia reddish-ovAnge, edged with silvery violet; this fascia is considerably broadest on the costa, its hinder margin being formed by two silvery-violet spots, which are no means opposite ; at the apex of the wing is a short silvery white scale, preceded by a violet-silvery spot, tvith ivhich it is not connected. The other two specimens, for which I propose the name Cosmap- teryx Clemensella , differ from Geminiferella in the anterior wings being darker, the orange fascia is paler, not so reddish, its margins are pale golden, instead of silvery-violet, and its hind margin is almost straight (thus very different from Gemmiferelki) ; finally, the apical streak is continuous, not interrupted and of a silvery -white through- out. I shall describe this in an early number of the Intelligencer, in some remarks on the extra-European species of Gosmopteryx^ Anorthosia punctipennella. This seems to be allied to Clcudoni. and I do not feel confident that it is generically distinct. Gelechia Agrimoniella allied to G. ligulella and G. txniolella. but quite distinct. Gelecliia? roseosuffusella ; a true Gelechia allied to (j. drcartcUa. (H. S. Tineides Tab! 72, f. 539.) Gelechia Rhoifructella. This has considerable resemblance with «■ The Eutomologist's Weekly Ittelligencer, Vol. IX. ISGO-Ol, Xo. 212. p. ;!1. lo2 [August our G. Populclla, but the anterior wiugs are broader and blunter, and the anterior segments of the body are not pale. GelecTiia? rubidella; a true G^e^f'c/ita, somewhat allied to G.erici- iidla, but smaller and the anterior wings narrower. Gelechia detersella. I am uncertain about this ; it is perhaps allied to our moss-feeding G. affinis. The name detersella must be altered, that name having been used by Zeller for a Sicilian species of the genus. (Isis 1847.) The genus Gelechvi as at present constituted, is very elastic and in- cludes a variety of slightly different forms. Gelechia suborellea is our most discordant species. Strohisia Irklipennella and Struhisia Emhlemella. These are very different from any thing in Europe, and the form of wing in Iridi- pennella is so peculiar that you are clearly justified in forming a new genus 5 it, is not improbably a connecting link between Gelechia and Glfjjihipteryx. Butalis Jiavifronfella and Butalis matutella. Zeller has described in the Linnaea Entomologica, Vol. X, several North American species of Butalis. His Basilaris, p. 230, is perhaps identical with your Flavifrontella, and his Impositella., p. 241, may have been described from a worn specimen of your Matutella. Stilbosis tesquella. This is a very curious insect resembling in form of wing Asychina seratella; the ornamentation is more like some of the Lavernse. Chrj/socorys Erythriella. This is a true Chrysocorys. Brenthia Pavonacella. I am disposed to consider this not a Tineina, but rather one of the Pyralidina allied to Simsethis, but I have never observed the strutting habit in any of our species. Pigritia latirapitella. This is an obscure looking insect of doubtful location, reminding me most strongly of some of our aberrant Butalidse.. 1863.] 188 STATED MEETING. September 14. President Bland in the Thair. Twelve members present. REPORTS OP COMMITTEES. The Committees on the papers of Messrs. Reakirt, Weidemeyer and Uhler, read August 10th, reported in favor of their publication in the Proceedings of the Society. DONATIONS TO CABINET. 94 Heteroptera (^Callidea dilaticolh's, Corimdsena tibialis. Stit-e- frus atricapillus, Stiretrus ei-ytJii-ocephalus^ Stirctrus decem(/uttata, Zicrona exapta, JEtlius longidus, Agonoscelis versicolor^ Proxys crena- tus, Pentatoma criiciatum, Pentatoma calceata, Strachia Mstrionica, Catacantlms iyicarnaftis, Spartoccra erythromelas^ Vtdsirea pulchella, Pachylis laticornis, Rasahiis rosms, Pirates picipefs, Pirates mutillari- us % ^ , Aceratodes cruentus, Aceratodes albirenis, Largns hn7mlis, Dysdercus fulvo-niger, Acinocoris calidus, Lygseus uni/asciattis, Ly- ga&iis fasciatiis , Serinetha coturnix ^ Edessa nigridens , Arvelius alho punctatus, Spartoceriis geniculatus, Leptoscelis guttata, Platymeris formicaria, llacrina Juvencus, Paryjjlies lartns, Tesseratoma Chinen- sis, Ectricliotes gigas, Aspovgopus cvprifer, Piezogaster alternatus, Crinocerus galeator, Rhodnius p>rolixus, 3Ietapodius tc7-minalis, Steno- poda, cinerea), from Harvey J. Rich, of Brooklyn, New York. 7 Coleoptera (^Polyphylla variolosa % 9, Liclinantlie vidpina, Myodites fasciatus), from James Ridings. donations to library. Rejjort to the Councils of Philadelphia on some of the insects inju- rious to our Shade Trees. By Prof Joseph Leidy. From the Author. Prairie Farmer (^Chicago, lll.^, Vol. VI, Xos. 1 to 11. The following works were deposited by Dr. T. B. Wilson : — Monographic des Cetoines et genres voisins. p((r M. H. Gory >t M. A. Percheron. 1 Vol. Royal 8vo. 134 [September Es$at Monograpliique sur la Famille des Throscides, par 31. B. de Bonvoidoir. 1 Vol. Koyal 8vo. Hhtoire pliysiqiie^ politique et natiirdle de Vile de Ctiha, par M. Ramon de la Sagra. Animaux Articides. 1 Vol. and Atlas. Journal of Entomology^ Nos. 1 — 4. 8vo. Verhandlungen des Zoologisch-botauischen Vereins in Wien. Bd. 1 — 7. Literatur Bericlit & Register of Bd. 1 — 5. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-lconiglichen zoologisch-hotanisclien Gi:- sellscha/t in Wien. Bd. 8—12, and Register of Bd. 6—10. Entomologia Parisiensis. Par A. F. de Fourcroy. 1 Vol. lOmo. Illustratio Iconograpliica Insectornm., quse, in Mussels parisinis ohser- vavit et in lucem cdidit J. C Fabricius, prsemissis ejusdem descripti- onihus ; accedunt sjjecies pluriinse, vel minus aut nonduni cognitse. Auctore A. J. Coquehert. 1 Vol. 4to. Bihliotheca Entomoloqira. Von Dr. H. A. Hagen. Bd. 2. N- — Z. 1 Vol. 8vo. Mantissa Insectorum. J. C Fabricius. 1 Vol. 8vo. Memorias sobre la Eistoria Natural de la Isla de Cuba, par Felipe Poey. 2 Vols. 4to. WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS. A letter was read from Mr. Aug. R. Grote, dated New York, Aug. loth, 1863, making tlie following statement : — •' I have learned from 3Ir. Cutler of Hoboken, N. J., that he has bred Lacinia cymafophoroides and L. expultrix from the larva. Mr. Cutler states in general terms that the larva of the former species is brown with pearly spots on the anterior segments. It is also well clothed with hair anteriorly. The larva of L. expultrix., on the con- trary, is light green without the pearly spots, and uniformly but very slightly clothed with hair. The larva of both species feed on the pin oak, are full grown in June, the imago appearing in July. From these statements, should they be correct, the separation of these species is justified not alone on the difference of larval coloring, which might be accidental, but on the difference of ornamentation " The following paper was presented for publication in the Proceedings : "Additions to the Catalogue of U. S. Lepidoptera, No. 5, by A. R. Grote." And was referred to a Committee. / 1863.] 185 Notes on Central American LEPIDOPTERA, with descriptions of new species. No. I. BY TRYON REAKIRT. The insects to be noticed in this and succeeding papers, forming a collection made by Mr. Osmun Zoettling, will give the entomologist a fair illustration of the Lepidopterous fauna of the region, included between the isthmus of Tehuantepec and Panama. Full synonyma of species already described, are given. PAPILIONID.E, Leach. PAPILIO, Linne. 1. P. Troilus, Linne. Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulrlc. p. 187. n. 6. (1764.) Linn. Syst. Nat. IL p. 746. n. 6. (1767.) Fab. Syst. Entom. p. 444. n. 7. (1775.) Goeze. Entom. Beitrage IIL p. .31. n.6. (1779.) Cram. p. 25. t. 207. f. A. B. C. (1780.) Fab. Sp. Ins. II. p. 3. n. 9. (1781.) Herbst. t. 17. f. 3. 4. (mas.) t. 20. f. 2. (foem.) (1783.) Fab. Mant. Ins. IL p. 2. n. 9. (1787.) Fab. Ent. Syst. III. i. 4. n. 10. (1793.) Godt. Enc. M. IX. p. 60. n. 97. (1819.) Boisd. et. Lee, p. 26. t. 10. (1833.) Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. 37. t. 19. (1835.) Boisd. Sp. Ge'n. I. p. 334. n. 176. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. p. 15. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. p. 13. u. 85. (1846.) Cat. Lepidop. Gray. p. 26. n. 106. (1852.) Euphceades Tr. Hubu. Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 83. (1816.) P. Uioneus. Sm-Abb. Ins. of Georgia, I. t. 2. (1797.) Petiv. Gazojoh. p. 51. n. 523. (1767.) Chiapas. 2. P. Epidaus. Boisd. Boisd. MSS. Doubled, and Hewits. p. 15. n. 138. t. 3. f. 1. (1846.) Cat. Lepidop. Gray. p. 34. n. 161. (1S52.) Honduras. This beautiful species, named by Boisduval and figured in the Genera of Diurnal Lepidoptera, is a Southern representative of a group peculiar to America, of which P. marcellus is the type. I3(i [September Male. Head aud antennae, black ; palpi, yellowish-white ; upper part of thorax, black with two yellow lines, lower part, yellow; a black dorsal band on the abdomen, sides, doubly striated with yellow, con- junctive at the anus; femora, black, tibiae and tarsi, olivaceous. Wings, semi-diaphanous ; expanse, 3.69 inches. Upper surface, pale yellow. Anterior wings, costa, black ; seven narrow transverse black bands, all touching the costal, and the two first, extending to the interior margin. The first, passes through the cell near the base of the wing ; the second, extends to the middle of the inner margin, passing through the insertion of the medio-posterior nervule ; the third, to the medio-central nervule ; the fourth, almost obsolete, is midway between the third and fifth, reaching to the mid- dle of the cell ; the fifth falls on the medio-posterior nervule, near its extremity ; the sixth and seventh are very faint, the one being near the fifth, and the other contiguous to, and parallel with a black bord- er on the outer margin. The discoidal cellule and the triangle, form- ed by the costal border, the fifth and seventh bands, are perfectly trans- parent. Posterior wings, anal margin, black ; two black bands continued from the anterior wings ; the first, near the anal edge, unites with the black marginal line at a point, about two-thirds the length of the wing, cov- ering a red mark resembling a thickened sigma, from which it is sepa- rated by a small white line ; a yellow crescent intervenes between a curved continuation of the first baud and a red lunule interior and pos- terior to the former ; this curve is faintly connected, by brownish atoms, with the second black line, which passes through the middle of the wing. A broad blackish-brown border, contains seven marginal lunules, greenish-white, of which the fourth and fifth are the largest; the sixth is bisected by a black line ; emarginations, whitish. Tail, linear, white on the inner side and outer extremity. A portion of a red line, con- tiguous to the second black band on the under surface, is visible above, on account of the semi-transparency of the wings. The nerves and nervules, on the anterior wings, as far as the fifth band, are yellow, beyond that, blackish-brown ; on the posterior, yellow. Below, markings same as above, but paler. Three red crescents, on the posterior wings, each having a white line or lunule, above and be- low ; a red line on the outer edge of the second black band, connects with the third of these crescents. 1S63.] 137 .1. P. Polycaon. Cram. Cram. p. 17. t. 203. f. A. B. (I7S0.) Fab. Sp. Ins. II. p. 19. n. 78. (1781.) Herbst. t. 41. f. 1. 2. (1785.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II. p. 10. n. 89. (1787.) Fab. Ent. Syst. III. i. p. 33. n. 96. (1793.) Godt. Enc. M. IX. p. 41. n. 48. (1819.) Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. a. t. 2. (1835.) Boisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. 361. n. 1. (1836.) Cat Brit. Mus. p. 17. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. p. 16. n. 152. (1846.) Cat. Lepidop. Gray. p. 35. n. 173. (1852.) Calaides Polyc. Hiibn. Verz. bek. Schmett. 86. (1816.) 9 P. Androgeos. Cram. p. 24. t. 16. f. C. D. (1775.) p. 117. t. .3'50. f. A. B. (17S2.) Fab. Ent. Syst. III. i. p. 75. n. 43. (1793.) Yar. 9 P. Pyrnnthus. Cram. p. 17. t. 204. f. A. B. (1780.) P. Glaucus. Fab. Mant. Ins. II. p. 3. n. 18. (1787.) P. Laodocus. Fab. Ent. Syst. III. i. p. 8. n. 23. (1793.) Merian. Ins. Surinam, p. 31. t. 31. (1719.) Seba. Mus. IV. t. 39. f. 2. 3. (1765.) Honduras. 4. P. Asterias, Drnry. Drury. I. t. 11. f. 2. 3. 5. (1770.) Cram^ p. 193. t. 385. f. C. D. (1782.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II. p. 2. n. 13. (1787.) Fab. Ent. Syst. III. i. p. 6. n. 16. (1793.) Godt. Enc. M. IX. p. 58. n. 91. (1819.) Boisd. et Lee. p. 14. t. 4. (1833.) Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. 38. t. 20. (1835.) . Boisd. Sp. Ge'n. I. p. 332. n. 175. (1836.) * Cat. Brit. Mus. p. 15. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. p. 16. u. 161. (1846.) Cat. Lepidop. Gray. p. 37. n. 184. (1852.) Euphceades Ast. Htibn. Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 83. (1816.) P. Ajax. Clerck. Icones. t. 83. f. 3. 4. (1764.) P. Polyxenes. Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 444. n. 10. (1775.) Goeze. Ent. Beitriige. III. p. 41. n. 7. (1779.) Fab. Sp. Ins. IL p. 4. n. 13. (1781.) P. Troilus. Sra. Abb. Ins. of Georgia. I. t. 1. (1797.) Chiapas. 5. P. Cresphontes. Cram. Cram. p. 106. t. 165. f. A. B. p. 107. t. 166. f. A. (1776.) Herbst. t. 39. f. 1—3. (1785.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II. p. 10. n. 88. (1787.) Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. 23. t. 15. (1835.) Cat. Brit. Mus. p. 17. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. p. 17. n. 169. (1840.) 188 [September Cat. Lepidop. Gray. p. .39. ii. I'.U. (18,52.) Heraclides Oxilm. Hiibn. Verz. bek. Schinett. p. 8.3. (IS! 6.) P. Thoan—var. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. 8.55. n. 197. (183tt.). Honduras. ii. P. Thoas. Liune. Drury. 1. t. 22. f. 1. 2. (1770.) Linn. Mant. I. p. 5.36. (1771.) Cram. p. 108. f. A. B. (1776.) Goeze. Ent. Beitrage. III. p. 71. n. 4. (1779.1 Herbst. t. 40. f. 3. 4. (1785.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II. p. 10. n. 87. (1787.) Fab. Ent. Syst. III. i. p. 32. n. 94. (1793.) Godt. Enc. M. IX. p. 62. n. 103. (1819.) Boisd. et Lee. p. 31. t. 12. (1833.) Boisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. .355. n. 197. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. p. 17. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. p. 17. n. 170. (1846.) Cat. Lepidop. Gray. p. 39. n. 196. (1852.) Heraclides Thoas. Hilbn. Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 83. (1816.) Seba. Mus. IV. t. 38. f. 6. 7. (1765.) Nicaragua. 7. P. Echelus, Iliibn. % Princeps dominans Ech. Hiibn. Samml. Exot. Schmett. (1806-27.) Boisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. 287. n. 113. (1836.) Doubled, and Hewits. p. 18. n. 210. (1846.) Parides Ech. Hubn. Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 87. (1816.) '^ Priamides Marcius. Hiibn. Samml. Exot. Schmett. (1806-27.) P. Marcius. Cat. Lepidoji. Gray. p. 55. n. 259. (1852.) Nicaragua. 8. P. Caleli, nov. sp. Male. Head, antennae and palpi, black ; thorax and abdomen, black, spotted with red ; anus bordered with red ; legs, black. Upper surface covered with bluish reflections ; expanse 3.50 inches. Superior wings, sinuate, black, shading into brown at the extemities. An irregular truncated triano-le, extends, from the sub-median nervure to the medio-superior nervule; the lower side, is parallel with the outer margin, the upper, touches the median nervure ; the base, rests on an imaginary line drawn from a point on the sub-median nervure, one- third its length from the margin, to another on the median nervure a little below the medio-posterior nervule. This triangle is divided by the medio-central and posterior nervules into three parts. The lower two, forming its base and middle portion, are greenish; the apex, occu- 1863.] 139 pying the upper part of the medio-ceutral interspace, itself trianguhir, consists of two portions, the outer, forming the base of the new tri- angle, of a whitish yellow ellipsoid; the inner or apex, contained in the angle formed by the median nervure and medio-central nervule, is greenish. Within the cell, opposite the medio-superior nervule and above the whitish ovoid, a small spot of white atoms. Fringe, brownish. Inferior wings, dentate, black ; centre of the wing occupied by a red spot, palmate, divided by the nervules into six parts. The first, in the lower third of the discoidal cellule, has the remaining five, radiating from it ; the second, third and fourth, occupying the disco-central, and the medio-superior and central interspaces, are cuneiform and trun- cated, the third and fourth being the longest ; the fifth, of the same length as the second, has its sides parallel, and occupies the medio- posterior interspace; the sixth is linear, extending along the medio- posterior nervule. Emarginations, reddish. Below, superior wings, brownish-black, blue reflections near the base ; a transverse white band, is divided into three parts by the median nerve and nervules ; the two largest, occupy the same relative position as the whitish marks on the upper surface, the third is a mere dot in lower angle of the medio-superior interspace. Inferior wings, blackish- brown ; a macular band, of pink, divided by the nervules into six spots, extends from the post-apical nervule to the interior margin. The first, second and third are cuneiform, truncated ; the fourth and fifth, paral- lellograms, the latter having its sides equal ; the sixth, a round spot near the anal margin. These are all below the discoidal cellule and correspond to the lower parts of the markings on the upper surface. Guatemala. This species, found near the Copan river, closely resembles P. Cijmochles E. Doubleday, but is larger and differs in the arrangement of the whitish marks on the superiors, and in the size and palmation of the red spots on the inferior wings. 9. P. Sesostris, Cram. Cram. p. 34. t. 211. f. r. G. (1780.) Godt. Enc. M. IX. p. 38. n. 40. (1819.) Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. 28. t. 14. (1835.) Boisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. 299. n. 131. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. p. 13. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. p. 19. n. 213. (1846.) Cat. Lejiidop. Gray. ■p. 58. n. 267. (1852.) Princeps dominans Ses. Hiibn. Samml. Exot. Sclimett. (1806-27.) 14U [September Parides Ses. Hiibn. Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 87. (1816.) Var. P. ChUdreruK. G. R. Gray, in Griffith's Aniiii. Kingdom, t. 88. 1.8. (1832.) Honduras. Id. P. Tonila, nov. sp. Fenmle. Head, antenna? and palpi, black ; thorax and abdomen, above black, below spotted with red ; legs black. Upper surface, su- perior wings curved, blackish-brown ; expanse 3.38 inches.. A trans- verse white band, extends from the sub-costal nervure to the medio- central nervule, occupying the lower part of the discoidal cellule, the inner angle of the medio-superior interspace and the middle of the medio-central area. Fringe, brown. Inferior wings lobed, blackish-brown ; a red macular band, on the disc, composed of seven spots ; the first, second and third are trian- gular, truncated; the fourth, fifth and sixth, oblong; the seventh, linear, extends along the anal mai'giu. Emai'ginations, pink. Below, superior wings marked the same as above; the space between the costal nervure and the second sub-costo-marginal nervule, from its insertion, to beyond the insertion of the apical nervule, is white; a white spot in the angle foi'med by the sub-costal nervure and second nervule. Infei'ior wings, same as above, but the spots in the red band are lighter colored and smaller, the seventh or linear being omitted. Guatemala. This species may possibly be the female of some described Papiliu, which I have been unable to identify from unsatisfactory diagnoses. 11. P. Thymbraeus, Boisd. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. 302. n. 136. (1836.) Doubled, and Hewits. p. 19. n. 288. t. 4. f. 3. (1846.) Cat. Lepidop. Gray. p. 65. n. 289. (1852.) Chiapas. 12. P. Tulana, nov. sp. Head, antennae and palpi, black ; thorax and abdomen, black spot- ted with red ; legs black. Upper surface, uniform dark brown; expanse o.G3 inches; superiors, curved, entire; inferiors, undulate, a marginal row of seven red lunules ; emarginations, whitish ; tail, short and narrow. Below, the markings are paler, otherwise the same as above. Chiapas. 1S68.] 141 1".. p. Philenor. Limu'. Dniiy. I. t. 11. f. t. 4. (1770.) Limi. Mant. I. p. y.'55. (1771.) Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 445. n. 12. (1775.) Fab. Ent. Syst. III. i. p. 6. n. 18. (1793.) Sm. Abb. Ins. of Georgia, I. t. .'5. (1797.) Godt. Euc. M. IX. p. 40. n. 47. (1819.) Boisd. et. Lee. p. 29. t. 11. (18.33.) Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. 15. t. 8. (1835.) Boisd. Sp. Gen. 1. p. 324. n. 107. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. p. 15. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. p. 19. n. 230. (1846.) Cat. Lepidop. Gray. p. 66. n. 291. (1852.) . Laertias Ph. Hiibn. Verz. bek. Scbmett. p. 84. (1816.) P. Astenous. Cram. p. 26. t. 208. f. A. B. (1779.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II. p. 2. n. 15. (1787.) Chiapas. 14. P. Phaon. Boisd. B.iisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. 320. n. 161. (1826.) Doubled, and He wits. p. 20. n. 239. (1840.) Cat. Lepidop. Gray. p. 69. n. 311. (1852.) Honduvas. 15. P. Polydamus. Linne. Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulric. p. 192. n. 11. (1764.) Linn. Syst. Nat. n. p. 747. n. 12. (1767.) Drury. 1. t. 17. f. 1. 2. (1770.) Goeze. Ent. Beitrage. p. 34. n. 12. (1779.) Cram. p. 33. t. 211. f. D. E. (1779.) Fab. Sp. Ins. II. p. 8. n. 29. (1781.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II. p. 4. n. 31. (1787.) Fab. Ent. Syst. III. i. p. 14. n. 42. (1793.) Godt. Enc. M. IX. p. 39. n. 44. (1819.) Boisd. et Lee. p. 37. t. 15. (1833.) Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. 33. t. 17. (1835.) Boisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. 321. n. 162. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. p. 14. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. p. 20. n. 241. (1846.) Cat. Lepidop. Gray. p. 67. n. 299. (1852.) Ithohalus Poly. Hiibn. Samml. Exot. Schmett. (1806-27.) Ilubn. Verz. hek. Schmett. p. S8. (1810.) Seba. Mus. IV. t. 44. f. 14. 15. (1765.) Houduras. 16. P. Copanae, nov. sp. Head and antennae, black; palpi, white, third article covered wirl 142 [September black hairs; thorax above, black, below spotted with yellow; abdo- men, greenish -black, with three rows of yellow, and one row of white streaks on the sides, a yellow band below; femora and tibite grayish, tarsi, black. Wings, greenish black, shining ; expanse 4.83 inches. Anterior wings, sinuate, extremities, dark brown ; a marginal row of five yellow sagittate spots, arcuated interiorly ; the first in the disco-central area, is very small ; the second, occupying the medio-superior interspace, is the largest, extending to the cell ; the three following decrease in size, as they approach the posterior angle; the fifth, is almost bisected by an interruption of the ground color. The costal nervure and first sub-costal nervule, are margined with whitish-2;reeu, above the insertion of the apical nervule. Posterior wings, dentate; a macular band, yellow, on the disc, com- posed of seven spots ; the first is doubly concave ; the second, recti- linear ; the third, oblong ; the fourth, fifth and sixth, oval; the seventh, round and minute ; a marginal row of obsolete yellow lunules ; crena- tions, yellow. Under side, base of primaries black with greenish reflections; disc, light brown; the arcuate band is more distinct than above; the first spot is omitted, the second, lengthened, passing into the discoidal cellule, the fifth, bisected by the sub-median nervure ; costa margined with yellow. Secondaries, coppery, metallic ; a marginal row of seven spots, red bordered with black, resembling chevrons in form. Guatemala. This, one of the largest species of that group, which Hiibner desig- nated as the sub-genus, Ithobalas, and of which F. Poli/rhnmis is our only indigenous representative, was found near Copau. Distinguish- able from all congeneric associates by the arcuated band on the anterior wings, the lustrous brilliancy of its upper surface is alone surpassed by the Morphidae. 1863.] 143 CATALOGUE OF NORTH AMERICAN BUTTERFLIES. BY .1. WM. WEIDEMEYER. The anuexed list iiifludes all the specimeus of diuvnal lepidopteni so far described and ascertained as inhabiting;- the geograpical division of North America — extending from the Isthmiis of Panama to Green- land and the Arctic regions. In the matter of references obsolete writers have been disregarded, and the best known and most readily accessible works only are quoted. Whenever reliable figures could be traced, they have been indicated, as affording additional facility for determining species ; it will be an easy matter to turn from these to their accompanying descriptions. Many of the figures in the works of authors of good repute — such as Cramer, Drury, Herbst — are clum- sily drawn and defective in coloring; when cited, I have had occasion to alkule to some of their shortcomings. Recent discoveries of an immense number of new species that closely resemble the typical in- sects have rendered the concise Latin descriptions of Linne and Fa- bricius unreliable, aud of little value ; they can now only be regarded in instances where species aff"ord prominent characteristics. Nor can the ■'habitat" so carelessly given by the older authors be accepted, unless corroborated by later authority. Numerous errors have been perpetu- ated by recent compilers in copying "hard names" from preceding writers, wrong references are given, species confounded, aud the names of both genera and species misspelt or distorted, by careless transcription, or lack of industrious research. It may be well to make the precautionary remark that greatly differing sexes, or climatical variations of the same insect, have frequently been catalogued as dis- tinct species. Much scientific investigation will be required before all distinctions of sex, variety and species, can be satisfactorily established. The system of classification adopted is entirely in accordance with that of Doubleday and Westwood, in their "Genera of Diurnal Lepi- doptera," — which, although not free from defects, may be accepted as the most complete work of its kind. Considerable care has been taken to fix on the best authenticated specific names; their synonynins will be found alongside, in italics. For the purpose of removing some confusion, it has been deemed advantageous to affix a number of short notes and explanations at the termination of the various families. 144 [Skptrmber Index to Authoritiks. Ahhut & tSmi'f/i. — -Xatural history of Lepidopterous insec;t>< of Genruia.' '•Aunales Societe Eatomol. de France." Paris. "Annals of Njitural History." Loudon. Behr. — In "Proceedings California Natural History Society.'' Rokduvid. — "Species Greneral des Lepidopteres." il). "Icoues Historiques des Lepidopteres." ill. In letters and manuscripts. ib. In "Annales Societe Entomol de France." ib. "Lepidopteres de la Californie." Boisduval & Leconte. — "Lepidopteres de I'Amerique Septenti-imiale." Cateshij. — In "Natural History of Carolina, &c." Chi'un — "Encyclop. Histor. Nat ; Papillons Diurnes." Clcrck. — "Icones Insectorum Rariorum." Cramer. — "Papillons Exotiques." Olivier. — 1)1 "Regne Animal." Crochard's edition; Paris. Douhledai/ . — In "Annals of Natural History." London. ib. In "Entomologist" Magazine; London. Douhleday li- Westwood. — "Genera of Diurnal Lepidoptera." Donovan. — "Naturalists' Repository." ib. "Insects of India." Drarij. — "Illustrations of Natural History." Duponchd. — "Hist. Nat. des Lepidopteres de France." ib. " ib. Supplement." Duncan. — "Jardine's Naturalists' Library, vol. 31." Edicards. — In "Proceedings P]ntomol. Soc. Philadelphia." ib. In "Proceedings Acad. Nat. Sciences Philadelphia." Enper. — "Auslandische Schmetterlinge." ib. "Europaische Schmetterlinge." Eversmann. — In "Bulletin Soc. Natural Moscow." Fabricius. — "Systema Entomologife." Felder. — In "Wiener Entomolog. Monatschrift." Fischer de W. — "Entomographie Imper. Russiei." Frei/er. — "Beitrage zu Europ. Schmet." Godart. — In "Encyclopedic Methodique." Gosise. — "Canadian Naturalist." Grijfit/is Edition of Cuvier's Animal Kingdom. London. 1S68.] 145 Guerin-McnciHlh'. — lu -'Revue Zoologique." Grai/. — -'Zoolog'ical Miscellany." ill. -Catal. Lepidop. Insects in British Museum." il). In letters and manuscripts. Hoj)Jf(:r. — '"Xeue Schmetterlinge." He ir if son. — "Exotic Butterflies." HumhohU & Bonpland. — "Recueil d'observations de Zoologie." Herhat <{• J. — "Natur.system der Schmetterlinge." Horn's T. W. — In "Agassiz. Lake Superior." ib. ib. -'Treatise on Insects injurious (fee"; edition of 18G2. Huhner. — "Samlung Europaischer Schmetterlinge." ib. "Samluna; Exotischer " '' Hubner-Geyer. — ''Zutrage zu Exotische " " Herrich-Schsejfer. — In "Corresp. Blatt. Zool. Min. Vereins;" Ratisbon. ib. In "Corresp. Blatt. fur Samler von Insecten;" " ib. "Schmetterlinge von Europa." ib. "Saml. Aussereurop. Schmetterlinge." King. — "Neue Schmetterlinge." Kirhy. — In "Fauna Bpveali Americana." Lefehure. — Lucas. — In "Revue et Magaz. de Zoologie." Paris. ib. "Hist. Nat. des Papillous Exotiques." Mtirtin. — "Psyche." Menetries. — In "Voyage de Wosnezenskii." ib. "Cat. Lepid. Acad. N. S. St. Petersbg." ib. In "Bull. Soc. Nat. de Moscow." Morris. — "Synopsis of described Lepidoptera of N. A." -'Proceedings of Entomological Society of Philadelphia." Poey. — In "Memorias Hist. Nat. de Cuba." ib. "Centurie des Lepidopteres de Cuba." Ross. — In -'Appendix to Second Arctic Voyage." Say. — "American Entomology." Swain.^on. — "Zoological Illustrations." Scudder. — In "Proceedings Boston Society Natural History." Sommer. — In manuscripts. "Transactions of Entomological Society of London." Wrsttrond. — -'Arcana EntomoloQ-ica." 140 [September Wood. — -'ludex Eutomologicus." White. — In "Zoologist Magazine;" London. "Zoologist Magazine;" London. Section RHOPALOCERID.E. 1st fomily Papilio. Genus ]. TEINOPALPUS. Unrepresented. Genus 2. ORTHOPTERA. Unrepresented. Genus :]. PAPILIO. agesilaus ' (proicsilaus), Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 203: Esper, Ausl. S. t. j2. Mexico. fVii- tral America. arcesilaus, Lucas, E. M. Z. 1852; Morris Syn. p. 11. United States. ajax - (marcellus). Herbst. t. 42 ; Bdvl. .t L. t. 1 : Abbot & S. t. 4 : CVamer. t. 98. United States. asterias (troilus). Esper, Ausl. 11.'^. lU.J; Herl)st, t. 18, '^ , 17, 9; Lucas, P. E. t. 20, % . Bdvl. & L. t. 4, % ; Drury, L t. U.% J ; A.bbot & S. t. 1. % 9 : Cramer, t. 385 -J, , 207 $> ; Harris, t. 4, -^ J . United States, Mex- ico, West Indies, Canada, New Foundland. asclepius {cincinnntus). Hbr.-Geyer. t. 7: Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 346. Mexico, Cen. Am. andrsemon, Hiibner, Exot. f. 97 ; Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 343, % 9 . "West Indies. Cen- tral America. anchises, Esper, Ausl. t. fi, %\ Clerck. t. 29; Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 291. % 9. Mexico, Central America. anchisiades {anchises. isidorus?) Esper, Ausl. t. 13, 'J, 9; Herbst, t. 9. '^ 9 : Cra- mer, t. 318, % 9; Gray, Cat. Lep. t. 5, var. Central America. aristor, Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 332. Mexico, West Indies, Central America. alopius, Gray. Mexico. aconophas, Gray, Cat. Lep. t. 11,9. Mexico. antiloclius 3, Catesby, t. 83. United States! abderus, Ilopffer, t. 1, '^ . Mexico. belesis, Gray. Mexico. branchus, Gray, Cat. Lep. t. 7, 9 - P- 62, % . Central America. colunibus, Herr-Sch. C. B. Z. M. V. XVI: Trans. Ent. S. 1851. t. 10. W. Indies. cresphontes » (thoas), Cramer, t. 166 -J, , 165 9; Herbst, t. 39, % , Bdvl. AL. t. 12. 9 ; Drury. I. t. 22. United States, Mexico, W. Indies. Cen. Amer. celadon 5 [sinon, vinrceUinus. protcsilau.^). Duncan, t. 4: Drury. I, t. 22; Herbst. t. 44: Cramer, t. 317— ; Morris, Syn. p. 111. West Indies. caiguanabus, Poey, Mem. N. H. t. 15, % 9- West Indies. cymocliles, Gray, Cat. Lep. t. 10, %. West Indies. 1863.] 147 choridamas, Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 318. West Indies. cebatus, Doubleday. Mexico. docimus, Gray. Central America. daunus, Bdvl. Sp. G. p. U2, % ; Proc. Ent. Soc. riiil. 1, p. 278, % . U. S., Mex. daphnis {aristodemus, temenes), Esper, Ausl. t. 59 ; Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 357 5 Martin. Psyche, t. 8. Mexico, West Indies, erostratus, Trans. Ent. Soc. V, t. 3. Central America, epidaus, Dbdy & W. t. 3. Mexico, Central America. eurymedon '">. Ann. S. E. F. ]8o2; Lucas, Rev. Z. 1852: Morris, Syn. p. 4. U. S. glaucus * {turnus, 9 var.), Herbst, 17, dusk}^ yellow var., Esper, Ausl. t. 5, brown var. ; Bdvl. & L. t. 8, black var.; Cramer, t. 139. U. States. garamas, Ilbr.-Geyer, t. (5. Mexico. homerus, Esper, Ausl t. 45; Dbdy. & W. t. 4; Donovan, N. R. t. 20 9 . W. Indies. iphidamas {areas), Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 292; Gray, Cat. Lep. t. S.'^ 9. Mex., C. Am. idaens {evandcr is 9 j copys is var), Lucas. P. E. t. 7. 9 = Chenu, t. 8, 9) Donovan. India, t. 19. % ; Bdvl. Sp. G. 299 -J, , 277 9 . Mexico, Cent. Amer. machaonides (Ij/corceit-s), Esper. Ausl. 45; Lucas, P. E. t. 18. West Indies. Montezuma, Westwood, Are. Ent. t. 18. Mexico, Central America. Marchandii, Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 350. " " mylotes, Gray, " " " marcellus 8 [slnon, ajax), Bdvl. & L. t. 2 ; Esper, Europ. t. 51. United States, mezentius, Gray, Cat. Lep. t. 3 ; Ann. Nat. H. 1844. Mexico, neodamas, Dbdy. & W. p. 529; Herr. Schf. C. B. Z. M. V. 18G2; Lucas, R. Z. 1. 10. West Indies,. numicus, Hopflfer, t. 1, %. West Indies. oebalus (pallas is % ), Hewitson. 9 ; Gray, Cat. Lep. t. 6. ■^ ; Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 3(50. 9. Mexico. oxynius {augustus), Hbr.-Geyer, t. 23, % ; Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 358, % . West Indies, ornythion, Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 354. Central America. palamedes [calchas. chalcas!), Herbst. t. 42, %,; Bdvl. it L. t. 5, 9; Esper, Ausl. t. 56, % ; Cramer, t. 93, % ; Drury, I, t. 19, 9 . U. S., West Ind. pharnaces, Gray, Cat. Lep. t. 5; Ann. N. 11. 184(3. Mexico, Cent. America, photinus, Gray, Cat. Lep. t. 11, '^ , p. 65, 9 ; Ann. JST. H. 1844. Mexico. phaon, Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 319. Mexico, Central America. pausanias, Gray, Cat. Lep. p. 69 ; Trans. E. S. 1852, t. 6, '^ . Cent. America, protodamas, Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 322; Hubner, Exot. f. 114. Cent. America, polycaon '• var. (piranthus, laodocus), Herbst, t. 41'^. 12 9; Chenn, t. 6, %-. Lu- cas, P. E. t. 2, %; Cramer, t. 203 % . 204 9 ; Esper, Ausl. t. 49 'S , 20 9 . West Indies, Central America. pelaus {imerius, augias. ornofagus), Westwood, Arc. E. 1. 18. % ; Menetries, Bull. Mosc. Ill, t. 10 ; Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 367. West Indies. panares, Gray, Cat. Lep. t. 10, 9- Mexico. philenor {astinous). Herbst, t. 19, %; Esper. Ausl. t. 11. 9,- Bdvl. temhi:r polydamas { arch ida mas'). Cramer, t. 211. %: Esper, Au:. i.2. % 9 . U. States. Canada. Mexico, West Indies. thymbraeus. Doubleday .t W. t. 4: Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 302. Mexico. Cent. America. thersitesi -i{acamns is 9 ). Donovan Xat. R. t. 24-^ . 18 9 : Bdvl. Sp. (i. p. 353 'J, . 3ii0 9 . West Indies. ulopas, Gray. Cat. Lep. p. 69. Mexico. Villiersii, Bdvl. p. f. 62S. United States. 1863.] 141) clodius (darius). Morris. Synop. p. \r>: Meiietries. Cat. St. P. p. "•"> : Ann. >*. K. F. X. United States. intermedius ' '■ {delius), Herr. S. Euroj). 1'. ;il7 9- United States? Sayii, [iwmion). Morri.*, Syn. p. 14: Bdvl. Sj). U. t. (i: Edwards. Proe. E. S. I'a. 1S();3. United States. smintheus, Doubleday & "VV. t. i%. Edwards Proe. A. X. S. 1801. United States. Remarks on family '-PAriLio." 1. Frequently coufounded with P. protesilaus^ to which it bears dose resembhmce. Its distinction is not clearly established. 2. It is not fully determined whether this species and P. marceUus are varie- ties, or distinct. 3. A patched-up insect, undoubtedly counterfeit. 4. Drury's figure Is a compromise between P. fhoas and P. crcsphontes. 5. P. marcellinus, corresponds so nearly with this one, that little doubt remains of their identity. 6. Closely resembles P. rnfulus, and will probably prove a mere variety. 7. A remarkable dark " fiberration " of various shades, of the 5 of P. turniis, — chiefly confined to the Southern United States : north of Pennsylvania the 9 i^ xtsually yellow ; dark % entirely unknown. 8. There is considerable diiFer- ence of opinion concerning the identity of P. mareeJlus and P. ajax. 9. % and 9 differ much: insects that have the look of distinct species are included under the same name. Some confusion here. 10. Will probably prove to be the 9 o^ P. %; Morris, Syn. p. 25 -^ 9 : Bdvl. Sp. G. t. 6 9 : Donovan. Nat. R. t. 8 9 : Abbot & S. t. 5 -^ 9 . West Indies, Central America. Gadartiana (orhis). Poey, Cent. L. 'J, 9 = Swainson, Z. I. t. 34 9 ; Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 630 -J, 9. West Indies. marcellina {eubu/e). Bdvl. & L. t. 24 -^ 9 : Cramer, t. 163, A. B. -J, : Journ. of Euty. 1861; Morris, Syn. p. 26'^ 9- United States, Mexico, neleis. Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 629 -J, 9. West Indies. pMlea (mdanippe, aricia), Lucas, P. E. t. 41 %: Herbst, t. 110 '^, 111 9, 113 9 = Cramer, t. 173 '^ , 94 9 . 361 9 . West Indies, Central America, thalestris {philea vary), Hubner, Exot. f . -^ 9 ; Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 621 ■^ 9 . W.Ind. Genus 14. GONEPTEEYX. {Rhodocera,) clorinda {Swainsonia, Godartii), Lucas P. E- t. 42 9 : Bdvl. Sp. G. t. 19 'J, . Mex- ico, West Indies. Gueneeana, Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 601 -^ 9. Mexico. Lacordairei, Bdvl. Sp. G. 600. Mexico. Lorquinii, Ann. S. E. F. United States. lyside. Morris Syn. p. 24 -^ 9 ; Poey Memor. N. II. t. 15 -^ 9 ; Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 603 % 9 • United States, West Indies. mgerula ' '•i (ecclipsis), Bdvl. & L. t. 23 9 ; Herbst. t. 103; Cramer, t. 129: Dono- van India, t. 27 'J, . United States, West Indies. rhamni 1 3, Bdvl. Sp. G. t. 6; Herbst. t. 103 % ; Esper. Europ. t. 4 -^ 9 . U. S. Genus 15. COLIAS. alexandra, Edwards, Pr. E. S. Pa. 1863 % 9 . United States. BootMi 1 •' (hecla), Ross, 2d P. Ex.; Herr. S. Europ. f. 459. Arctic America. chione. Ross, 2d P. Ex. Arctic America. Christina, Edwards, Pr. E. S. P. 1863'^ 9 . United States. caesonia ' 5 [philippina), Bdvl. & L. t. 22 -^ 9 ; Lucas, P. E. t. 39 %\ Chenu. t. 23. United States, Mexico, West Indies, eurytheme (chri/sothcme, amphidwsa), Ann. S. E. F. X. Scudder, P. B. S. N. H. 1862 % 9 ; Morris, p. 29 -^ 9 . U. S. Can. Brit. N. A., Hudson's Bay. eurydice ( Wosnezenskii), Menetires, St. P. 1. 1 '^ ; Morris, Syn. p. 32. U. States. edusa 1 's Herbst. t. 114 -^ 9 ; Esper. Europ. t. 4 -^ 9 ; Wood. t. 1 ^ 9 . United States, Canada. helena, Edwards, Pr. E. S. Ph. 1863 % 9 . United States, interior. Scudder, P. B. S. N. H. 1862 % 9 . Lake Superior. Arctic America. Labradorensis, Scudder, P. B. S. N. H. 1862 'J, 9. Labrador, nastes ' "?, Bdvl. Icon. t. 8: Herr. S. Eur. f. 37. 401: Morris, p. 30 -J, 9. Labrador, occidentalis. Scudder, P. B. S. N. H. 1862 -J, 9- U. States, Can. Arctic America. 186;^.] 1;"):] philodice ' ^ {pelidne, europome, dorlppe, hyale, phicomene), Bdvl. & L. t. 21 % J : Lucas, P. E. t. 35) % : Cram. t. U-^ . U. S. Labr. Can. Huds. B. Greeiil . rutilans ( Vautierii is 9 ), Bdvl. Sp. G. t. 1!) % p. 649 9. United States. Genus ]n. TERIAS. I'J aesiope, Menetries, St. P. t. 2. Mexico, West Indies. agaritha, Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 62.". Mexico, amelia, Poey. Memor. X. II. t. 18 9 *& • West Indies, albina. Poey, Memor. N. H. t. 24 ^ 9 • West Indies. Central America. arabella, Lefebure? t. 16: Herr. S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1862. West Indies. albula. Cramer, t. 27; Herbst, t. 90. West Indies, bulaea. Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 680; Poey, Memor. N. H. t. 18. West Indies, citrina, Poey, Memor. IST. H. t. 18 'S 9 • West Indies. dina. Poey, Cent. Lep. 9 : Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 666 -^ 9 , Hbr.-Geyer, f. 951 % . W. Ind. delia '^O (daira), Herbst. t. 117 9 ; Bdvl. & L. t. 18-^ 9 ; Cramer, t. 273 9 . U. S. elatbea, Herbst. t. 117; Cramer, t. 99-^: Lucas, P. E. t. 39. U.S. W. Ind. C. Am. euterpe, Menetries, Moscow III. t. 2. West Indies. ebriola, Poey, Memor. N. H. t. 24 'J, 9 • West Indies, fornsi, Poey, Memor. IST. H. p. 451 % 9 • West Indies, gratiosa, Doubleday ct Westw. t. 9. Central America, gnathene. Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 680. West Indies, Central America. Gundlachia, Poey. Mem. N.H.t.24 -^ 9; Herr.-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1862 -J, 9. W.Ind. hyona. Menetries, Moscow, III, t. 11 , Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 667. West Indies. hecabeoides, Menetries, St. P. t. 2. Mexieo, West Indies. iradia. Poey, Memor. N. H. t. 18 -J, 9 • West Indies. Jaegerii. Menetries, St. P. t. 2. West Indies. jucunda, Bdvl. & L. t. 19 -J, 9 ; Morris. Syn. p. 35 '^ 9. United States. lisa {nisa, smilax), Bdvl. & L. t. 19 %: Morris, Syn. p. 34 'J, 9- U. States, W. Ind. larae, Herr.-S. C. B. Z. M. V. XVI. West Indies, lucina, Poey, Memor. N. H. t. 18 'J, 9 ■ West Indies. moina, Poey, Memor. N. H. t. 18. West Indies. musa. ? West Indies. midea, Me'netrie's, Mosc. Ill, t. 2 : Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 659 '^ 9 . U. States. W. Ind. mexicana. Hbr.-Geyer, f. 917: Bdvl. Sp. G. t. 19 %: Chenu, f. 150 9 ; Duncan, t. 8 % . United States, West Indies. nicippe - 1 , Bdvl. & L. t. 20 -^ 9 : Lucas, P. E. t. 38 % : Chenu, f. 149 % : Herbst. t. 107 % : Cramer, t. 210 %. United States. Mexico, West Indies. pyro. Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 667. West Indies. palmyra. Poey, Memor. N. H. t. 24 '^ 9 • Uaited States. West Indies. proterpia, Lucas, P. E. t. 38 % : Morris, Syn. p. 35 'J, 9 : Hbr.-Geyer, f. 803 % . United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America. sinoe, Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 683. West Indies. stygmula. Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 661. West Indies. sulphurina. Poey, Memor. N. H. t. 18 'J, 9 • West Indies, Central America, thymetus (euterpe), Menetries, Mosc. Ill, t. 11 ; Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 662 % 9 • W.I. Mex. venusta. ~~ Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 658. West Indies. Westwoodii, Bdvl. Sp. G. p. 666 % 9 • West Indies. Mexico. l''>4 [Ski'tk.mber Kemarks on family ■• PlKlUS." 1 . The North American variety is nowhere floured, but is deserihed in Hdvl. Sp. (t. p. 423. 2. This may prove only a variety of P. cloih'a. o. Doubtful as a North American species. 4. Probably a mere variety of P. monuste.' 5. The figures of Boisduval & Leconte are the only reliable (mes. 9 at times dusky. The figures of Cramer and Herbst are bad, and easily mislead. 6. Variable in color and distinctness of veiuing. 7. May prove a local variety of P. Virginia. 8. This name is acceptably proposed by Mr. Scudder, to identify the North Ameri- can species, which has hitherto been confounded with three European insects. 9. Boisduval in letters says, that the North American insect, altliough very similar to, is not identical with, P. ausonia of Europe, as hitherto supposed. lU. The long palpi appended to Donovan's fig- ure— similar to LilM/fhea are fictitious. 11. C eubide and C mar- cellina^ are regarded as being distinct. The only figures that entirely correspond with the insect taken within the United States", are those of Bdvl. and Leconte; most others, including Abbot and Smith's, seem to represent the tropical species, C. eahulc. 12. Herbst'sand Cramer's figures are unsatisfactory. 13. G. rhamui has been reported as being- indigenous to California. Its claim to North American nativity is not well founded. 14. C. Booth ii and C. chione are probably sexes of same species. 15. Subject to considerable climatical variation and modification, as regards size, outline and coloring. 16. May probably be referred to C. eurytheme. 17. Probably a northern modification of C. philodice. 18. The white vai-iety of $ is nowhere figured. Col- lectors at times have bleached the yellow % to pair in collections, with the pale 9 • 1^- Some of Poey's many West Indians may prove to be sexes or varieties of well-known species. 20. A doubtful species; the % is probably T lisa, and the 9 T.Jucunda. 21. A citron-color- ed variety is sometimes taken in Pennsylvania. 22 Supposed to be a variety of T. nisc 9 . 23. Varies much in size and coloring. is():}.] ir)r) HEMIPTEROLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS. -Nn. I. 1?Y P. R. UHLER. Fain. ODONTOSCE l.TD.E. CORIMEL^NA. Wliito. I. C. minuta, n. sp. ]51ue-lilack. dull, the upper surface densely, uiiiuitely, roughly punc- tured all over. Head subtriangular, acutely rounded in front, rather acute at tip, the lateral margins sinviated; tylus a little longer than tho lateral lobes, recurved at tip ; antennae yellow, the last two joints dusky ; rostrum pale piceous. Thorax broader than long, the transverse impres- sion of the middle almost effaced ; the humeri rather prominent. Scu- tellum very high, convex, about as broad as long, reaching the genital- bearing segment, slightly sinuated at the lateral margins, not emargi- nated, nor striated. Hemielytra but little narrowed towards the tip. orange, with a narrow, black, slightly waved line near the interior mar- gin, punctured only at the base. Venter polished, finely punctured at the sides, the antepenultimate and following segment margined with yellow at the sides. Legs black, tibia? piceous, becoming paler towards their tips ; tarsi testaceous. Length 2 miliim. Humeral breadth l-V millim. Hub. Cuba. Prof. Poey. Cabinet of the Entomological Society. '2. C. extensa, u. sp. Elongate-oval, brownish-brassy, shining. Head rather long, sub- triangularly rounded, the sides sinuated, the surface finely, densely punctured, with a small smooth spot at each side of the middle at the base ; tylus scarcely longer than the lateral lobes, minutely recurved at tip ; antennae pale rufo-piceous. but little dusky upon the apical joints ; rostrum dark piceous. Thorax nearly one half broader than long, densely, scabrously punctured, especially at the sides, humeri but little prominent, shallowly emarginated above, and very slightly so beneath. Scutellum much longer than broad, becoming a little nar- rower posteriorly, moderately convex, closely punctured, at the sides confluently so ; lateral margins waved, not deeply sinuated at base, the apex obliquely rounded, reaching the base at the genital-bearing seg- 1^^ [SF-I'TEMUKR ment ; each side a little before the middle, with an oblicjue shallow impressiou. Hemielytra pale yellow, with a narrow black punctate stripe, which does not reach the tip. enlarges to the base, and is closer to the interior than to the exterior margin, the stride which bound the stripe become confluent before the middle. Beneath polished, punc- tures scattered, the penultimate segment margined laterally with an abbreviated yellow line. Legs brassy, polished; tarsi rufo-testaceous. Length 42 millim. Humeral breadth 2^ millim. Eah. Near Fort Benton. Mr. John Pearsall. '■^. C. incerta, n. sp. Form and general appearance of C. Lasab's, Germar. Black, shin- ing. Head not so broadly rounded in front; not depressed, but almost regularly convex, the surface much more deeply, but less densely punc- tured, tylus not fully as long as the lateral lobes, which, at the extreme tip are a little divaricated, acute, yellow. Thorax similar in form to that of C. basalis, the sides a little more deeply sinuated, the excava- tion interior to the humeri much shallower, the surface at sides poste- riorly more coarsely and closely punctured. Scutellum subsinuated at base, the surface much more coarsely, deeply, uniformly punctured all over. Corium short, bluntly triangular, orange, with a streak upon the long stria at tip, continued a little upon the interior margin, and a spot upon the exterior margin black. Connexivum yellowish, the posterior margin of the abdomen interruptedly margined with yellow. The re- maining characters as in C. basalis. Length 3 millim. Humeral breadth 2] millim. S . Hah. Cuba. The type belongs to the Cabinet of the Etomological Society. 4. C. ciliata. n. sp. Broad, short, deep black, the sides of the thorax and alidomeii sparingly ciliated with long piceous hairs. Head large, broadly rounded in front, the surface broadly obsoletely impressed before the middle, tinely, closely punctured, at base almost impunctured ; antennfv rufo- piceous ; rostrum reaching the middle coxae. Thorax broad, moderately convex, finely punctured, the punctures becoming deeper and denser at the sides. Scutellum broadly rounded, moderately convex, the sides near the base rather strongly, liroadly sinuated, the surface finely, dis- 1863.] • 157 tinctly punctured, the punctures becoming more dense and coarse each si,de at base. Cerium broad, very bluntly oblique at tip, closely punc- tured, except iipon the interior margin, the three impressed stria? become confluent before the tip. Beneath smooth, shining, very finely punc- tured, except upon the disk, whei-e the punctures become very few. Coxae and legs rufo-piceous; tarsi testaceous. The usual carbon-black area is present each side of the pectus. Length 5 millim. Humeral breadth 3 millim. Hah. San Francisco. The unique specimen in my collection was kindly given me by Dr. John L. LeCoate. • 5. C, denudata, u. sp. Similar to G. unicolor, Beauv. in form, but more narrowed posteri- orly, brassy black, very glossy. Head short, broad, slightly sinuated before the eyes, the tip subtruncated, the tylus slightly, and the mar- gins very narrowly recurved, the surface finely, obsoletely punctured ; antennae pitchy-black, paler at the points of articulation ; rostrum piceous, reaching the middle coxae. Thorax very convex, hardly ele- vated above the scutellum at base, impunctured, except at the sides, where it is longitudinally, shallowly impressed; humeral angles slightly prominent, the impression anterior to them shallow, transverse. Scu- tellum not suddenly arched upon the disk, obliquely declining behind, the lateral margins slightly waved; moderately sinuated at base, the basal middle impunctured, the sides closely punctured, but posteriorly less so, and near the base with a few very large punctures, the exti'eme tip triangularly produced, impressed, scabrous. Corium acute at tip, punctured, with three approximate submarginal striae. Beneath finely punctured, the autepectus and disk of the venter posteriorly almost impunctate. Tarsi piceo-rufous. Length 4f millim. Humeral breadth 3 millim. % . Hab. Louisiana. 6. C cyanea, n. sp. Bright steel-blue, polished, form of C. ciliata. Head broad, finely, densely, conflnently punctured, each side between the eye and ocellus with a short distinct sulcus ; antennae and rostrum piceous, the latter scarcely reaching the intermediate coxae. Thorax much broader than long, moderately convex, finely punctured upon the disc, very coarsely 158 [Skptembkk so eacli side. Scutellum confluently punctured each side and behind, tlie surface beyond the disk a little broken and obsoletely ridged, the lateral edge waved, very moderately sinuated at base. Corium broad, distinctly, approximately bistriate, densely punctured, excepting the interior margin. Pectus black. Venter finely punctured. Legs blue- black with a tinge of piceous ; tarsi testaceous. Length 5 millim. Humeral breadth 81 millim. Hah. California. Dr. Geo. H. Horn. Fam. PACHYCORID^. ATJGOCOKIS, Burm. A. Poeyi, n. sj). Blackish-purple, the upper surface with large, irregular wrinkles ; form rather more slender than in A. pallidus. Head blackish-purple, polished, each side with several irregular impressions, sparingly punc- tured and rugulose, lateral margins recurved, sinuated ; tylus promi- nent, stout, projecting much beyond the lateral lobes; bucculfe white ; antennae black; rostrum piceous, pale upon the middle, reaching be- yond the middle of the venter. Thorax finely but not very closely punctured, the humeral angles more acute than in A. pallidus, Beauv. ; the anterior and lateral margins, a broad longitudinal complete stripe upon the middle and a large spot at the sides anteriorly yellowish red. Anterior and posterior edge of the postpectus white. Scutellum very rugulose, punctured more closely thaia the thorax, the exterior edge all around white, the surface with three large trifarious reddish spots; the basal ones placed at each corner, with one branch running to the exterior margin, another running to the base, and the third running inwardly; the apical spot with one branch running to the apex, and the other two branches running obliquely outwards, upon the disk is a longitudinal streak of the same color. Venter orange yellow, finely punctured, the sides with a series of sub-quadrate black spots, the spots upon the genital segment, a large round one on the preceding segment, a smaller round one each side of the second segment, and two smaller ones behind the disk, also black ; the penultimate segment margined posteriorly with white. Lateral margins of the pectus reddish-white. Jje'>s blackish-violet, the femora beneath and at base lurid. |jen"th L^) millim. Humoral breadth 7 millim. //ah. ('uba. Prof. Poey. Caltinet of the Entomological Society. is(jy.] i.v.i PACHYCORIS, Buim. I. P. Wilsonii. n. ■^j). Kather less vohvist tliau P. nitnis Dallas, the sciitelhiin siibtruncated at tip, and oblique each side before the tip. Head blue-black, with a large yellow patch on each side of the tylus, upon which the punctures are few and obsolete ; the lateral margins recurved almost to the eyes. very slightly sinuated. Thorax violet, or blue-black, the punctures nii)iute, remote, sides almost straight, the margins broadly recurved, the surface with eight orange spots, which are a little longer than in P. nifens, those of the anterior angles run along the lateral margins to beyond the middle, the post-humeral ones reaching the base of the scutelhim. Scutellum with fourteen large orange spots, arranged 5, 4. •). 2, punctured like the thorax. Pectus with large transverse yellow spots near the coxfe, and the lateral spots of the upper surface dis- tinctly exhibited upon it. The first ventral segment, and a long trans- verse spot each side of the remaining segments orange. Legs steel blue, more or less orange at base. Length 10-11 millim. Humeral breadth T-To millim. Hah. Cuba. Cabinet of the Entomological Society. It varies very much in coloring, and one of the varieties offers the same style of coloring as is met with in the yellow variety of P. Klwjli. Burm. I desire to dedicate this species to Dr. T. B. Wilson, as a slight tes- timonial of the high esteem in which I hold the many kind assistances that he has extended to me in my studies of the Hemiptera of this country. ■>. P. Stallii, n. sp. Form and general appearance oi P. nitens, Hope, but polished deep black, or slightly tinged with purplish, above very minutely scabrous, more coarsely, closely, deeply punctured ; tylus much longer than the lateral lobes, the head not so acutely narrowed at tip, the lateral mar- gins not recurved. The spots orange-red, small, ovate, arranged simi- larly to those of P. nitens, but two less in number (those of the humeri being wanting), and the spot of the anterior angle placed near the middle of the lateral margin and elongate-oval in form. Lateral margins of the thorax a little more strongly recurved, against this the depressed sub- margin is densely punctured. Posterior margin of the scutellum dis- 160 . [September tinctly recurved. Surface beneath immaculate, metallic bluish-violet, highly polished ; punctures of the venter distant, almost obsolete, en- tirely wanting upon the disk. Pectus coarsely, closely punctured. Length 12 millim. Humeral breadth 8 millim. Hab. Cape St. Lucas, Lower California (John Xanthus.) HOMOPTERA. CeRCOPIDtE. MONECPHOKA, Amyot et Serv. M. fraterna, n. sp. Dark brown, finely, densely punctured. Head and face dull red, polished, frontal carina, labrum and rostrum bright red, the latter tip- ped with blackish ; vertical carina arched, reaching the middle of the vertex, more or less brown, excavated, its surface irregular; stemmata red, eyes dull red. Thorax dark brown, with a transverse reddish- yellow line upon the middle, lateral carinate margins red, the surface with an oblique, and several irregular smaller impressions each side anteriorly. Scutellum like the thorax in (Jolor, punctured a little more coarsely, shallowly impressed on the middle. Hemelytra rounded at tip, dark brown, with two reddish-yellow transverse lines composed of linear spots, the first band placed a little before the middle, the other a little behind the middle. Pectus red, polished, with brown areas. Abdomen brown, with the incisures and lateral margins red. Legs red, the femora a little tinged with brown ; apices of the tarsi brown. Length to tip of Hemelytra 11 millim. To tip of abdomen 7 mil- lims. Humeral breadth 4 millims. Hub. Cuba. Prof. Poey. Cabinet of the Entomological Society. CLASTOPTEEA, Germar. 1. C. undulata, n. sp. Form of C. proteus, Fitch, chocolate-brown, polished ; head cream- yellowish, the face inferiorly white, front with a broad dark brown band below, above this are seven interrupted narrow bands ; labrum and rostrum dark piceous, the tip of the latter whitish ; vertex with an irregular transverse brown band ; jugum prominent, transversely marked with brown and cream color, sulcated. Eyes cream color, the inferior half brown. Thorax transversely ribbed, the anterior and 1863.] • 161 posterior margins and a biarciiated medial band brown. Scutellum sulcated to the tip, wliicb is dark brown, two whitish Hnes gradually approach each other towards the tip, and across the middle is a linear impressed constriction. Hemelytra chocolate-brown, clothed with yel- lowish pubescence, the costal and apical cellules hyaline, across the middle is an irregular wavy whitish band, near the apex is the ordi- nary callous spot. Wings dusky hyaline. Legs brown, with a short white line at the knees. Length to tip of Hemelytra 4 millim. Thoracic breadth If millim. Hob. Cuba. Poey. Cabinet of the Entomological Society. 2. C. stolida, n. sp. Form of the preceding, polished, brownish-black. Head yellow, front with a broad brown band, above which are seven or eight less deep brown, transverse strias interrupted in the middle; labrum pale brown, rostrum dusky at tip, the eyes dark brown. Thorax trans- versely finely ribbed, dark brown, the anterior and lateral margins yellowish. Scutellum dark brown, indistinctly longitudinally sulcate near the tip. Hemelytra paler brown, three of the apical cellules sub- h^^aliue, upon the middle three yellow spots arranged transversely, the middle one much smaller, the ordinary apical callous dot present. Abdomen brownish-black. Legs yellow, apices and spines of the pos- terior tibife, and apices of all the tarsi dark brown. Length to tip of hemelytra 2^ to 4^ millims. Hah. Cuba. Cabinet of the Entomological Society. JASSTJS Burm. emend. J. Kennicottii, u. sp. Fulvous, beneath yellowish, form a little more robust than in J. clitellarius, Say, the vertex a very little more angular, the face morfe oblique. Face yellow, obsoletely streaked with fulvous, with two round black dots just below the line of the vertex, placed transversely ; vertex with a transverse fulvous line ; eyes black, divided in the middle by a yellow line; ocelli red. Thorax fulvous, the posterior margin and a transverse line on the middle yellow ; pectus yellow, obsoletely marked with fulvous. Scutellum with a transverse impressed line behind the middle, and behind this the surface is depressed, the posterior margin 1 02 [September yellow. Heuielytra fulvous, with ;t tlark hrown streak in the-uiiddle; the costal uiari;iii. exterior, apical and interior veins, and a stripe sepa- rating the corium and clavus greenish yellow ; wings dusky hyaline, the veins more or less blackish. Tergum yellow, blackish on the disk. Venter pale yellow, more or less tinged with reddish or dusky. Legs pale yellow, the nails blackish. Length to tip of wings (>'. millim. To tip of abdomen o millini. I[,tl,. Near Baltimore. July 7t,h and ll'th. Hare. ^^'€^ ^y^^^' ■ rn-.OTO-if?.S^^t^ "^s^ I ) S) % ) ^ ■i^ 9 YoL. 2, No. 3 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Entomological Society OF I>tTII.^i:>ELI'HI-^- OCTOBER DECEMBER, 1863. • I?. ^^^ ■t'./ PHILADELPHIA: h I ? (!) XI (^ ">/ '.■-•/ PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF PHILADELPHIA. Vol. 2. OCTOBER DECEMBER. 1863. No. 3. STATED MEETING. October 12. President Bland iu the Chair. donations to cabinet. 67 Coleoptera (^Hijdaticus bimarginatus, PMlJiydrus bi/idus. Cory- mbites injiatus, Lichnanthe vulpina, Trichodes Nuttcdli., Cltjtus mar- (pmcollts, Haltica splendidn, Calopteron aulicimi, Onthophayu^ lim- batus, Pi/rophorus rusticus^ Lachnopus niveoirroratus^ Pachnseits lifus). 8 Heteroptera (Dysdercns Schlangenbuschii) , from John Akhurst, of" Brooklyn, New York. 15 Heteroptera (Pacht/conis Fabn'cii, Sephina iimhafa. l\iilii/- (t'a l<(ticornis, Dysdercus nmnus, Lygsetia imi/asciafus, Lygxus cosfah's, Evagoras tricolor^ Campfopus divcrsipes^ Archimerus brunnicoi-nis. Mictis trigutiatus, Conorhmus dimidiatys, Metapodius declivis), from Prof. S. S. Haldeman, of Columbia, Pa. 13 Coleoptera (Cicindela mgyptiaca, NotiophUus semiptmctatus, Carahus cidtliratus, C convexus, G. excellua^ C. Faminii\ 0. glabratns, C. HcmprirliU, C. Hoppii\ C. Jiortensis, C.mauriis, C Ulrichi/), from Aug. R. (jrrote of New York. 4 Coleoptera {Elater collaris, Prionus Jsevigatus, Strangalia de- Irfa), 1 DiPTERA (Xylophaguii lugcns), from James Ridings. 1 Coleoptera (Strangalia scalaris), from Robert Frazer. 1 <")4 [October donations to library. How to collect and observe Insects, hy A. 8. PachanJ, Jr. From the Author. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, Jtiiir — September 1863. From the Publication Committee. The following works were deposited by Dr. T. B. Wilson : — A Manwtl of European Butterfli.es, on the plan of Staintonh Man- ual of British Butterflies and Motlis. By W. F. Kirby. 1 Vol. 12mo. Exotic Butterflies, by W. C. Hewitson. Part 47. 4to. Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift. Bd. 7, Nr. 6 — 8. 8vo. Revue et 3Iagasin de Zoologie, par M. F. E. Guerin-Meneville. 1863. Nos. b &Q. 8vo. The Zoologist for July, 1863. 8vo. Die Familien der Blattwespen unci Holzwespen, von Dr. Theodor Hartig. 1 Vol. 8vo. Naturgescliichte der Insehten, von P. Fr. Bouche. 1 Vol. 8vo. Entomographien. Von W. F. Erichson. 1 Vol. 8vo. Narrative of a second voyage in search of the North- West Passage, by Sir John Ross, with Appendix. Insects by John Curtis. 2 Vols. 4to. Die Myriapoden, von C. L. Koch. 2 Vols. Royal 8vo. Description des Chry sides du Bassin du Leman, par Frederic Chev- rier. 1 Vol. 8vo. Etudes Entomologiques, redigees, par Victor de Motschulsky. Parts 1—10 in 2 Vols. 8vo. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 4 serie. Tome 3, 2 Trim. 8vo. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, Jahr. 24, Nos. 7 — 9. 8vo. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Coleoptercs {Suites it Buffon^, Vol. 6 and Atlas, par M. Th. Lacordaire. 8vo. Magazin der Entomologie, von Dr. E. F. Germar. 4 Vols. 8vo. WRITTEN COMMUNICATION'S. The following Communication was read from Mr. Cresson : — " On the 11th of September, 1863, a nest of Bombus Pensi/lvanicus De Geer, was captured near Glounester, New Jersey. It contained 6 females, 34 workers, and 21 speciraons of Apathus clatas Fabr., all males. No males of 5. Pensi/lvanicxs 1863.] K).:) were found in the nest. Among the specimens o{ Apathus elatus, the variation was considerable : all had the black band between the wings, but some had the anus entirely black, some black tipped with fulvous or yellow, some en- tirely yellow and others entirely fulvous. This last variation is doubtless the B. nidu/ans of Fabr., and seems to confirm my supposition (Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, ii, jjp. 107 and 115), that it is an Apathus and a variety of ^1. elatus. '■On the 7th of October, IS(5;^ a nest of Bombus Virginicus Oliv., was captured near Kaighn's Point, New Jersey. It contained 30 females, 38 workers and 34 males. No Apathus were found in the nest. All the females, excepting one specimen, were of the largest size ; the workers were all small, varying from 5 to 8 lines long ; the males were mostly 7 to 8 lines long, although one specimen measured only 4i lines. I could not perceive any tendency to vary in the coloration of the difierent sexes. '' In my paper on the N. American Bombi (Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. ii, p. 90). I described a male specimen, named bj' Dr. Harris Bombus impatiens, as distinct from those which I took to be the males oi B. Virginicus, expressing, however, a fear tliat I miglit have these two kinds of males mixed up. The capture of the nest of B. Virginicus. above noticed, seems to confirm my fears, as all the males found in the nest were precisely like those descri)>ed by me as B. impa- tiens Harris. Those males whicli I described (ibid. p. 87) as belonging to B. Virginicus. are so difierent from those males found in the nest of that species, they cannot })ossibly belong to the same species. I am, therefore, disposed to separate from B. Virginicus, those specimens which I previously thought might be a variety of that species, and which differ by having the anterior portion of the second segment of the abdomen above, more or less clothed, especially in the middle, with rather short hairs, similar to those on the first segment, but generally shaded with brown. It may be named "Bombus separatus, n. sp. "Female. Head entirely l)laek. Thorax above and on the sides yellow, some- times tawny-yellow, with a round patch of black on the disk between the wings. Scutellum yellow, sometimes tawny-yellow. Wings fusco-hyaline, api- cal margins fuscous, nervures black. Legs black, tarsi brownisli, basal joint rufous within. Abdomen with the first segment above yellow, sometimes tawny-yellow, the hairs more dense and longer on the sides: anterior part of second segment in the middle more or less yellow or tawny-yellow, remainder of the abdomen black. Length 10 — 11 lines. "Worker. Same as the female, except that almost the whole of the first and second segments of the abdomen above is brown, and the smaller size. Length 6 lines. "■'Male. Described under B. Virginicus (ibid. p. 87.) "Hab. Rock Island, 111. (Walsh), Penn., Canada (Saunders), 49,29,6'^. Collection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia. "Differs from B. Virginicus as follows: — Body shorter and more compact: the hairs of the thorax are more dense and with the exception of the round spot of black hairs on the disk, there is no mixture of black between the wings which aie broader, longer, and much darker tlian in Virginicus, the wings of I'i6 [October wliicli are hyaline, faintly stained with fuscous. The second segment of the ab- domen above has some short yellowish or yellowish-brown hairs in the middleof the anterior margin, and the hairs on the middle oj' the first segment are some- times shaded with brown. In 110 specimens before me of J5. Yirginicus 9>9 an., of Koenigsberg. Prussia; translated from the original French MS., and published by permission of the author, with notes and descriptions of about twenty new N. A. species of PSEUDONEUROPTERA. BY BENJ. D. WALSH, M. A. [X. B. In September 1802, I published in the Proceedings of the Philadel- pliia Academy of Sciences, a paper on the Pseuiloueuroptera of Illinois, (pp. .■!(il-402), describing over forty species which I supposed to be new. Shortly afterwards I forwarded duplicates of most of these species to Br. Hagen. The following Article from his pen was received by me in April, 1863: and it is most gratifying to find that his views in most cases coincide with mine. The new species now described by me, were all found within four miles of Rock Island. Illinois, with the exception of Hetcerina texana received from Texas through Mr. Uhler. None of my specimens are alcoholic — B. T>. W.] PSOCINA.— Psocus. tt Tarsi 2-articulate. Discoidal cdluh closed, quadrangular. Ps. PURUS Walsh. New to me. One 9 • Ps. SEMISTRIATUS Walsh. One % , three 9 . Allied to Ps. quietus Hagen. Is it diiFerent ? Ps. quietus is described from a 9 in bad condition, from the State of New York (Coll. Winthem), and another % from Georgia. The latter seems to me identical with semistriatus, the former is possibly different — the wings are partly deficient, the pterostigma entirely. The specimen from New York has the " black spots on the nasns." The description of Ps. quietus must apparently be revised, or possibly entirely erased. [_See note 1.] Ps. PERPLEX us Walsh. A specimen, apparently identical, was re- ceived by me from Mr. Walsh, in 1860. Ps. LiCHENATiJS Uhler (anctore ipso). New to me % 9 . A cabi- net name of Mr. Uhler's. [aSVc note 2.] tj Tarsi 2-articulate. Discoidal cellule open, alsent. Ps. GEOLOGUS Walsh. Very like Ps. salicis Fitch^ of which I pos- sess only a single specimen, possibly a little immature. The neuration is exactly similar. Ps. yeologns is deeper colored, of a brown approach- ing to blackish ; the antennae are a little more robust and the wings a little longer. It remains to prove whether Ps. salicis is an immature 9 and Ps. geoloyus a S of one and the same species. It is a difficult 168 [October question to decide with dried specimens gummed on paper. Finally it remains to be proved, whether both are not identical with Ps. pedint- birius \jmn.= Ps. domesticm Burm. They are certainly closely allied. Mr. Walsh has correctly remarked to me that on page 13 of my Synop- sis the pterostigma of Ps. salicis should be said to be " posteriorly," or rather apically truncated, instead of "anteriorly." \_See note 3.] Ps. CORRUPTUS Hagen. The specimen sent me by Mr. Walsh seems in reality to belong to this species, but its wings are more deeply colored and the hyaline apical spot is subobsolete, while it is very visible in the tive individuals in my collection. Mr Walsh writes me word that " P>i. corruptus is not the other sex of Ps. ahruptus,'' (as I have sug- gested in the Synopsis,) '' because the latter is very common, and the former very rare." But this is well known to be the case in some European species. You may find thousands of 9 9 of Ps. hipunctatus together, and not a single % . It is the same thing with Ps. varicgatus, and especially, as it seems, with those species that live in some sort of society, while with the others, e. g., Ps. Uneatus. the two sexes are com- mon. I have seen 12 specimens of Ps. abrvptus all 9 , and 6 of 7^-. corruptus all % . Finally, I have received in the same package and from the same places, (Washington, Dalton, Pennsylvania mountains,) the two species together. I agree with Mr. Walsh, (p. 362,) that the neuration of Ps. ahruptm may be reduced to the normal type of Psocus. but there are aberrations which I shall take occasion to explain at some future period, to justify the language used by me in the Synopsis. [See note 4.] PERLINA. In this difficult family my materials are now very rich, received from the Arctic and Subarctic regions and from Baron Osten Sacken, &c.; but they reciuire a careful revision, which I hope to give them during the coming summer. For the present I may say that Acroneuria ru- pinsulensis Walsh is distinct from the Acr. abnormis received from Mr. Walsh, and this last differs from the species referred by me to abnormis, a specimen of which has been sent to me by Mr. Uhler as coming from Illinois. [See note 5.] The genus Pteronarci/s requires an entire revision, and for that end I noted in London the form of the genital organs. Mr. Walsh is perfectly right in saying (p. 365) that T863.] 1(19 the ■■ postcostal space" is difterent and opposed to the ■• posteubital space." He views the subject exactly as I do. EPHEMERINA. Mr. Walsh's method of bveediug the Imago from the Subimago in this family, is the only correct way to arrive at a more perfect know- ledge of it. and I have endeavored myself to do the same thing here. But as in each species the Z and 9 imago are often very difterent. and the % and 9 subimago diff'erent again, and as lastly living Ephe- merina are too different from the dried specimens to be able to deter- mine them from descriptions taken from dried specimens, we ought to have for each species eight descriptions ! Some considerable work yet to be done, before we can arrive at a correct knowledge of this family ! B.ETIS. B. FEMORATA Walsh. I am not convinced that this is Say's species. l.s^ The S ought to have ■' the caudal seta) hardly twice the length of the body," or about 25 mill, (one inch), while the S subimago (Walsh) possesses setoe only as long as the abdomen. Again, the 9 of Say's species ought to have the setae nearly as long as the % . '2nd. Say says, " thighs banded with reddish brown near the middle and at tip," so there are firo banJs, which are not met with in Mr. Walsh's species. Srd. Says says, " wings snowy wbite;" we cannot say that in B./emo- rata Walsh, the wings are of that color. In Mr. Walsh's description it is said, " abdomen with joints 1 — 5 whitish ;" but joint 1 is piceous, and it is 2 — 6 which are whitish. He is right in remarking, that I erred in abridging Say's language. After all, we may possibly agree with him, that the description of the legs is correct, for it corresponds with the legs of the % Imago ; but it seems to me that the length of the setfe is opposed to his opinion. This beautiful species is new to me. \_See note 6.] B. ALTERNATA Say, (Walsh.) This species is new to me and is very probably the species of Say. The individuals mentioned by me (Syn. p. 49) are different — the venter fuscous, &c. Walsh Pseudoneur. p. 368 Bastis §A. and p. 370 Ba^tis §B, -'First tarsal joint Inrije^ always larger^'' &c., is apparently an error, for •'■ long" and •'longer." \_ See note ~l .'\ ■'■'" [October B. ARIDA Say (Walsh.) There is nothing in Say's brief descrip- tion which opposes the identity of B. arida Walsh and Say. The words "anterior tibicG whitish obscure at base and tip," were a little suspected by me, but I see that in reality the % (Walsh) has the tibicB a little pale. Two % % received from Mr. Walsh in 18(50. one of which is much smaller than the other, have the tibijB altogether black. [See note S.^ The ''orbit" is, according to Say's Griossary, " an imaginary border around the eye." " Vertex with a small black spot each side on the orbit," agrees very well with the 9 , but the tibiae of the 9 are all black. I cannot find the 9 from Washington (cited Syn. p. 4(3), but after a careful revision of my other Ephemeriua, I find I have not received this species except from Mr. Walsh. B. SICCA Walsh. A good species. " Abdomen piceous above ex- cept the last segment;" I can see no different color, or even different shade of color, in the last segment. [See note 9.] It seems to me that the base of the first joint of the anterior tarsi is black. ISee note 10.] I have received a S of this species from Washington, and in 1860 I also received from Mr. Walsh, along with a small specimen of the % 9 imago, a % subimago, which probably belongs to this spe- cies. The character of the [anterior] legs being short in the S is a good one, and so is that of the brown incisures of the setse ; but in any case it seems to me that a more precise comparative description, with indications of differences, would still be desirable. [See note 11.] The % from Washington, for example, is partly intermediate between (irkla and sicca, for the setjij have only some dark incisures at their base. In S S of the genus Biietis, sometimes the form of the penis is a very good and easily seen character, but I cannot get to see this or- gan in these two species. Possibly it can be more easily done in the living specimens. After all, I am convinced that these are two diffe- rent species. B. DEBILIS Walsh. I only know the pair received from Mr. Walsh. The diagnosis of Walker is too brief, but it contains nothing contra- dictory. The S has the penis bifid, black, the two bifurcations straight and parallel, a little tapering towards the tip. This character is very easily seen, because the color of the apical parts of the abdomen is altogether pale. B. ALBA Say. There is :in Article by Dr Williamson, "on the 1863.] 171 Ephoron Iciikon, usually called the White Fly of the Passaik River," in the Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, (Philadelphia, 18U2, Tom. V., No. VII. p. 71 — 4.) I extracted in London the following description: — " Eyes large and prominent ; ocelli none ; wings membranous, reticu- late ; hind wings one-half shorter, narrower, and covered by the front wings; antennae setaceous, half an inch long, [apparently the anterior legs are meant, ffat/en,'] six-jointed and with a basal joint ; two anal appendages Ij inch long, divergent, with from 1.') — 20 joints; tip of the % abdomen with two elbowed claws, y'^y inch long, curved inwards. Length of the insect I inch ; body not thicker than a gi-ain of rye ; abdomen narrower. Wings, abdomen and legs white, eyes black, body fuscous, flight like that of a Libellula. They appear about 15 minutes after sundown. The chrysalis is like the imago ; the chrysalis appears and immediately afterwards the imago appears. The 9 l^js two eggs. They are as numerous as snow-flakes. Passaik River, N. J., Belville Bridge, 2 miles, for 3 weeks after the 20th of July." I think this is the B. alba Say, Hagen, of which I have only seen a subimago in very bad condition from the Red River of the North. As Dr. Williamson's data are very precise, one might easily verify the .species upon the spot. [/SVe note 12.] The genus Baetis is a difficult one. B. ohesa, fusca, debilis, arida, ignava, fiiscata, invaria, annulata, femorata, luridijjennis, basalis, and noveboi-acana, I have described only from the short descriptions of Say. Walker, &c. Of the seven others, B. tessellata, a poor alcoholic specimen, is possibly not a Baetis, and for the six remaining species my materials were very slight when I wrote the Synopsis. I have received since some very fine Ephemerina from Baron Osten Sacken. B. vicaria is different from any species described by Mr. Walsh. POTAMANTHUS. P. ODONATUS Walsh, (=P. nebulosus Walker.) % imago, Saskatch- awan, R. Kennicott, 1860. Head, antennae and thorax above and beneath black, highly polished. Abdomen piceous above with paler incisures, brown beneath, the incisures paler ; anal processes brown; penis bifid, apex divaricating ; the two exterior seta3 very robust, brown, the incisures darker; the middle seta fine, white, the incisures fuscous, alternately wide and narrow on the basal half, uniform behind the middle and towards the tip becoming very wide. Anterior legs pice- 172 [October ous; four hind legs brown. Wings hyaline, the terminal third of the anterior wings brown abruptly, the extreme border of the tip hyaline ; cross-veins hyaline, fuscous on the apical third ; costal veins yellowish, the apical stigmatical part darker. Five % . Subimago S . Very similar to the imago, but differs as follows : — the general color is the same, but not polished; setse shorter, without in- cisures, pilose, the middle one piceous and stouter than in the imago. An- terior wings similar to the imago, but the hyaline part dull or sublurid ; posterior wings pale yellowish, the apical third grayish brown. One % . Imago, length % 9 — 11 mill. Expanse S 18 — 22 mill. Exterior seta S about 22 mill. Interm. seta % about 10 mill. Ant. leg % about 10 mill. Subimago, length % *.) mill. Expanse % 19 mill. Interm. seta % about 8 mill. Ant. leg % about 7 mill. The coloration of the wings in this species is almost like that of P. man/matus Zetterst., a very common species with us. On comparing my description of the specimens from Saskatchawan, I believe that they are identical with Potainnnthus (palingenia) nebiifosiis Walker. In 1861 I noted in London that the wings of nebulosys are brown on their apical one-third, so that Mr. Walker's description agrees very well. I think P. odonatus Walsh, is also identical with this species from Saskatchawan. The character " with a definite outline" ^ the extreme tip hyaline. [^See note 13.] P. CUPIDUS Say, Walsh. (== Pntamanfhus [palingenia] concimvux Walker.) I have compared the 2^19 imagos from Washington. ( April,) described by me as P. conciimus, and they agree very well with Mr. Walsh's description of P. cupuhis % imago, except that they are a trifle big2:er ; but a third % ima2;o received from Washington has exactly the same dimensions. I have also received two $ subi- magos from Washington and Maryland, which are apparently P. con- cinnus. Specimens of the subimago % 9 ^^^^ "^6 by Mr. Walsh differ from Say's description in the [4 posterior] tarsi not being black. \_S('i- not)'. 14.] I have also received from Mr. K. Kennicott from Saskatch- awan 2 S 1 9 subimago of Pot. cupnlm. As the species is said by Say to be common at Cincinnati about May Ifith, it would be easy to verify it. I received from Mr. R. Kennicott in 1860, from Saskatchawan, (> 9 186B.] nn iinat;os, which dift'er from the % imago of iiebuloKus Walker, (=zo(loH(t- tus Walsh,) described above as coming from Saskatchawan, in the head and prothorax being marked with yellowish, the anterior legs brown, the exterior setae white with larger black incisures on their basal half, and the wings hyaline. The ovarian valve is pale, oval, deeply excised and bifid on the apical half. Length 9 9 mill. Ex- panse 9 25 — 28 mill. Ext. seta 9 15 mill ; intermed. seta 9 8 mill. Ant. leg 9 7 mill. It is difficult to determine whether this 9 belongs to P. odonatus or to P. cupidus, for, as before stated, I received % % of both these species from the same locality. [/S'ee note 15.] It will thus be seen that I reduce the four described N. A. species of Potamanthus to two. After all, it is possible that they may be dif- ferent ; but with the materials before me and the published descrip- tions, it is impossible to be sure of the fact. It is remarkable that the American species of Potamantlius consti- tute a special group, from the fact of the intermediate seta being much sleudei'er and shorter than the exterior seta, while in the Potamanthus of Europe they are equally robust and equally long. Palingenia. In Ephemerina there is no doubt that many new genera will have to be established. Cas/i/'s, Oligoneuria, and Ephetnera^ are good genera, and the few known species resemble one another. But Potamanthui>. Palingenia, Bsetis and Cloe will have to be separated, and M. Pictet himself has perceived that these genera are composed of very different types. Palingenia, for example, ought to be separated as follows : — 1. Palingenia. Wings large, opaque, with numerous cross-veins. Two very long setae % or short and haii'y 9 > the intermediate seta very rudimentary. Anterior legs % more robust, of moderate length, with the femora equal in length to the tibiae; the other legs feeble, short and in a rudimentary state j the first joint of the tarsi free in the ante- rior legs alone. The 9 remains in the subimago state and does not moult. Eyes % almost contiguous. Ancient type — P. longicanda 8wammerd. P. fuliginosa Boch. (Black Sea.) P. lata Walker (Sil- het.) P a^?'o.stoma Weber (Brazil.) P. dorsalis Jiuvui.? (Brazil; I am only acquainted with 9 •) 2. DiFFERT. Eyes widely separated. Intermediate seta 9 as long as the others, hairy at the tip. Anterior legs % slender, very long, 174 [October with the tibifB much longer than the femora ; the other legs feeble but long. The 9 remains in the subimago state? — F. virgo. F.pndla. P. (dh(i. P. alhtjilans (Para.j P. umhrata (Amazon.) P. latipennis Walker, (Para.) 3. DiFPERT. Intermediate seta % (Is it so in 9 ?) very long; I am unacquainted with the exterior setae. Anterior legs feeble, long, and with the tibia longer than the femur. Eyes % almost contiguous. — P. spec. nov. (Rio Janeiro.) An P. Heaiha Hagen ? 4. DiFFERT. Eyes % widely separated. Seta; long; intermediate seta S 9 very rudimentary. Legs equally robust and long ; anterior legs % scarcely longer, with their femora and tibiae equal in length. — P. dorsigera Hagen, (Buenos Ay res.) Two new species from Mexico. 5. 6, 7. Mr. Walsh's groups A B and C. In the groups 1 — 3 the membrane of the wings is more delicate, being always folded up in the dead specimen. The 7th group, Mr. Walsh's subgenus C, is most widely separated from the rest, and is apparently a well defined genus. W^e must retain for the first group the name of Palingenia. The second group is doubt- less a very good genus. As to the 4th group we may perhaps unite it with the 6th, Mr. Walsh's subgenus B. The 5th group I do not know. My revision of the N. A. Ephemerina in the Synopsis is not as com- plete as I could wish, for it was impossible for me accurately to re- examine the Ephemerina of the British Museum in 1861, because I had not my own types with me as in 1857. P. viridescens Walker, is probably P. hdincata Say, Walsh, subim. 9 , but larger (exp. 51 mill. ) and of the color of my 9 subimago from Ohio, referred to below. — P. occulta Walker is probably P. hUineata Say, imago. — P. hicolor is a 9 subimago of the same group, perhaps of P. Umhata Pictet. Of groups 5 and 6 the species are — 1. P. VITTIGERA Walsh. I do not know this species, which is aji- parently a veiy interesting one. [_See note 16.] 2. P. BILINEATA Say, Walsh. (/^. Umhata Hagen.) — P. limJjata Gruerin, Ramb. 9 imago. (Rambur's description is word for word that of Grueriu.) — Bsetk angulata Walker, % imago. — P. viridescens Walker. 9 subimago. — % imago (very large, length 18 mill. Exp. 38 mill. Seta 601 mill. Ant. leg 16 mill.) % % subimago and 9 J^ubimago 1863.] 175 from Rock TsLmd. — % % % iinao-o, 9 imago and 9 sidjimago from Chicago — S imago from lied River of the North. — S imago North Am. — 9 imago from St. Louis. — 9 subimago from Ohio (paler.) Besides the above, I have an abnormal % from Rock Island, which, after a careful examination, I believe to be a variety of this same spe- cies. Length 20 mill. Exp. 30 mill. Seta 32 mill. Ant. leg 10| mill, (femur 3 mill, tib. 3], tarsus 4 mill.) It resembles the % of P. limhafa Walsh, but is of a deeper color, the yellow less bright, the brown stripes wider and of a deeper color; the front legs with the femur, tibia, the first joint of the tarsi, the tip of the three following, and the whole of the last, as well as the claws, black ; the four hind legs of a bright yellow with only the last tarsal joint and its claws black. Wings hyaline, marginal band of the front wings of a deep brown, the hind wings not bordered with brown ; all the veins and cross veins blackish, except at the base ; some cross veins in the basal portion of the front wings not far from the costa, and some in the mid- dle of the hind wings, bordered with black. Setee pale brown, the in- cisures scarcely marked, with the base of a few of the joints yellow beneath ; intermediate seta present but indistinct. It now" remains to compare this abnormal % with P. Mlinfafa Say, Wahh. I have before me, besides the % from Rock Island mentioned above, of which the dimensions are so oreat, 5 % . Three from Chicago are very much alike. Length 18 — 20 mill. Exp. 38 mill. Seta 45 mill. Wings a little funio.se, hind wings with the exterior border black- ish. Ant. leg 14 mill; hind legs yellow, the tip of tarsal joints 2 — 4, black beneath or not black. Setae brown with the basal half of the joints yellow. Body of a deep color. Abdomen long, with two yel- lowish or fulvous spots on each joint. One % from Red River of the North, (determined asbilineata Say, by Mr. Uhler,) resembles the three from Chicago, but the band at the tip of the hind wings is subobsolete. Finally, a S without any precise habitat, with the band of the hind wings altogether absent. I remark that the relative proportion of the tarsal joints is far from being constant ; for I see that 3 is sometimes as long as 2, sometimes shorter, and even one-half shorter ( S Uhler. j The % from Rock Island is large, its setae and legs are longer and its wings more fumose. [er abdomen, are remarkable characters. It is true that we sometimes find Ephemerinous imagos with the legs shorter than common, and that they are animals which sometimes have their legs damaged in the larval state and replaced by shorter ones : but then the two anterior leijs are not ordinarilv of ex- actly equal length as they are here. 3. P. LIMBATA Pictet, Walsh. (P. hilhieafa Hagen.) The identity with Pictet's species remains to be proved ; it may be altogether new. — % Z ^ 9 imagos, 9 subimago Rock Island, 1860. — % % imagos Wash- ington.— 9 'iii'i^o*^^ St. Louis. — Length % % imagos from Rock Island. 16 mill. Exp. 29—32 mill. Seta 39 mill. Ant. leg 12 mill. They agree with the % % from Washington (cited p. 41 of Synopsis), but they are a little smaller. The description of these % % must be cor- rected, because the abdomen shows on the dorsum of each segment a median black band which does not attain the base except in the three penultimate segments, and may even be altogether absent in the ante- rior segments ( S from Washington.) Finally, in place of '' anterior feet fuscous, basal articles of the tarsi yellow," read " articles of the tarsi yellow at the ba.se." The words " penis apex incurved, oval," must be erased, for I do not find that it diff"ers from that of the other species. The brown margin of the hind wings is very narrow and may even be altogether absent. 4. P. .SPEC. NOV. An P. vlttlgera Walsh 9 ? — 9 imago Rock Island ; 9 subimago Philadelphia. — % imago \_P. vittigera Walsh? B. D. W.] — The 9 im;igo from Rock Island differs from the two described 9 images of P. Ihnhata as follows : — \st. The size is larger; length 25 mill. Exp. 52 mill. SetiB broken. 2/h/. The prothorax is visibly longer, less wide near the thorax. 3rr7. Segments 3 — 6 of the abdomen have more brown, the [brown] bands joined at the tip, so as to form only two basal oval [fulvous] spots. 4/A. The 4 hind legs have only the last joint of the tarsi as well as the claws brown, bth. The wings are hya- line. 0//*. The intermediate .seta is a little longer (2 mill.) — Is it /'. Umhata Pictet, Walsh ? or the 9 of P. cltfujcra Walsh ? The 9 subi- mago from Philadelphia (Coll. Wiuthem, mentioned Synopsis p. 41,) has the same dimensions and apparently belongs here. The colors are more ob-scure; on the abdomen there is only a wide brown dorsal band; the wings are yellowish gray, and the legs are as in the imago. 1863.] 177 It remains to compare this 9 ima<^o from Rock Island with /*. hili- neata Say, Walsh (Ihnbata Haoen.) — 9 Imago from Chicago, expanse 44 mill. Seta oU mill.; Ant. log II mill.; abdomen in bad condi- tion.— 9 Imago from St. Louis in alcohol has the dimensions given in the Synopsis. [Length 29 mill. Kxp. 4(3 mill. Seta 20 mill.]— On comparing the 9 fr^'ni Rock Island with these two, it seems to differ in its larger size, in its general color being yellow, very like that of 9 llmhata Walsh (hlltncata Hagen,) in its hind wings being without bauds, and in the color of the feet and of the setae. [^See note 18.] P. FLAV'ESCENS Walsh, S 9 imago. New to me. A good species. Easy to separate from similar Bajtis by the relative proportions of the basal joints Joint 1 is shorter than 2 ; 2=8; 4=1. P. INTERPUNCTATA Say, Walsh. P. PULCHELLA Walsh, and P. TERMINATA Walsh, I have not yet found time to examine. It seems to me that the % % from 3Iaryland, referred to in the Synopsis under Bsetis verticis Say. are P. jm/chella, and the % % from Washington P. tcrminata. \_Ste note 19.] Ephemera. E. NATATA Walk. Cat. I now possess % 9 iuiago and subimago from Saskatchawan. E. DECORA Hagen, differs in reality from E. decora Hagen, Walsh, by the characters mentioned, and is rather yellow than luteous. The 9 described by me is exactly like the % and is from Chicago, the habitat of Mr. Walsh's species. It is possible his species may be E. simulans Walker Cat., but the dimensions are a little too small and rather those of E. hcbes. E. NOV. spec. I have received from New York 9 imago of a new species. It is very lai'ge, (length 19 mill. Exp. 42 mill.) the wings hyaline and much spotted, the abdomen very bright yellow immacu- late. It resembles somewhat E. danka of Europe. E. PUDIC/V Hagen, is probably no Ephemera but a Bagtis. Joints 1 — 3 of the tarsi in all the feet are long and equal. 4 a little shorter. 5 equal. I am vexed that I did not entirely omit this solitary speci- men of a 9 subimago with the head and the tip of the abdomen both gone. 178 [October E. FLAVEOLA Walsh. A very good and interesting species, received by me from Mr. Walsh in 186.J. [^S'^e note 20.] EpriEMERELLA Walsh. E. EXCRUCIANS Walsh. New to me. I must study the genus fur- ther. Are the eyes really simple? [Beyond all doubt. 13. D. W.] I susyiect that some Potamanthus, Pictet, (a genus which comprehends very different species,) must in that case enter Ei)hemerella. Lppto- pldchia Westwood, is Potamaufhn^i. B^nscA Walsh. B. OBESA Say, Walsh. Both genus and species new to me; very curious. Cl.OE. C. viciNA Hagen, W^alsh. A new species with four wings, but pro- bably C. posficaid Say. 0. vidua Hagen, has only two wings and the colors are paler, a reddish brown. I h ive received from Mr. Uhler, from Maryland, a % imago of a O'oe n. sp. very like C. viciii'), but it has four wings. [^See notr 21.] C. UNICOLOR Hagen, Walsh. It is the species described by me, which has four wings. I only know 3 9 from Washington and 1 % from Pennsylvania. C. DUBIA Walsh. A new species. In C. vicina the thorax is a pale fulvous, and the tip of the abdomen deep brown, immaculate. C. MENDAX Walsh. A new species. C. FLUCTUANS Walsli. Very like C. vmJata Pictet, of which I pos- sess 2 $ from New York and Red River of the North (Kennicott) with their setae annulated with brown. The two species cannot be identical, for the number of cross-veins and their arrangement is very different. Otherwise the abdomen of the 9 is spotted in a very similar manner with little dark dots. The two 9 of C. undata have very numerous cross-veins, like C. fcrrujinca Walsh, the abdomen "freckled" in the same manner. They resemble C. Jiuvtuana^ but are a little larger, be- sides having some brown clouds on the hyaline part of their wings. The setae have brown incisures; but in one specimen oi' undata Walsh, (the other one has no setae) the basal incisures are brown. C. PYGM^A Hagen. I only possess one 9 imago in bad condition. 1863.] 170 It is the smallest Epheraerinous species known. It belongs to Mr. Walsh's section B " four wings, cross-veins sparse." C. iiTLARis S.iy= AMic.v Hagen. I do not possess this species. It is in the Berlin Museum ; an J 1 have no other remarks to make on it than those in my description. — I received in 1861), from the upper Wisconsau River, through Mr. Uhler, a new species C. nigra mihi. ODONATA. Synopsis p. 65, 4th line from bottom, for " two antecubital trans- verse nervules," read " Pterostigma regular." Ibid. Line 2 from bottom, '' the 4th apical sector broken." This 4th sector is a very constant vein in all Odonata, and separates from the •'principal sector" between the "nodal" and the pterostigma. M. Selys names it now the " ultranoJal sector." M. Charpentier was the first to observe that the 4th sector is broken in Lestes, and after him authors have always employed this character. As the Synopsis of Lestes and Podagrion appeared last year, I note here what there is in it relating to North Amer.ca. Lestes alacer : We have received the 9 . — L. stulta is very pro- bably L.forcipata. — L. VIDUA (and L. minuscula Uhler) are L. conge- ner.— L. tenuata: we have the 9 . In the Synopsis of N. A. Neur. dele p. 69, last line, '■ similar to L. /orjicula." — L hamata (No. 12) is the true L.forcipata of Rambur ; so M. Selys has named No. 18 (my L.for- cipata) L. hamata. — Finally, we have described two new species, L. DisjUNCTA Me., 111., Nova Scotia, Red River, Saskatchawan, &c., and L. VIGILAX New Jersey, Uhler, a species received before from the Vienna Museum. I am not yet sure but it is synonymous with L. insequalis Walsh ; at all events it must be closely allied, especially the abdominal appendages. — Lestes Eurina Say, Walsh, I do not know. \_See note 22.] — There are altogether in our Synopsis 50 species of Lestes. In the Synopsis of Podagrion there is nothing new in refe- rence to North America. I have read with much interest Mr. Walsh's exposition, p. 381 — 3. It is a veritable progress, and I entirely approve of his ideas. In general M. Selys and myself have used Rambur's nomenclature, with 180 [October the intention of giving a general resume on all the parts, after we have finished our work. Then it will probably be necessary to make much change, so as to establish a correct, natural, and philosophic nSVf mAe "23.] Mr. Walsh's new Goraphus and his descriptions are superb. * * * It is the scourge of science, and especially of Entomology, that we have always plenty of dilettantes and but very few with real know- ledge, based upon regular and truly philosophical study. \_See note 24.] SIALINA. SiALis INFUMATA Newm. Rightly determined by Mr. Walsh. I have it from many places, especially from Saskatchawan. It is very desirable that the anal appendages should be figured and described from the living specimen. The species of this genus are not easy to separate, and I am not sure that infumata is not synonymous with fuUgiaosa, a European species ; but on the whole they are probably different. [*S'ee note 25.] Chauliodes serricornis and maculatus. There is a confusion in the Synopsis, as I was only acquainted with the 9 of serricornis and the % of maculatus. I now possess S ? of both. On comparing Say's description, I find that C. serricornis Say, is the true C. maculatus. and that 0. serricornis Hag. Synopsis is a new species. I was partly led into the error in consequence of receiving a 9 from Mr. Uhler, labelled C. serricornis Say. I now view the species as follows : — Chauliodes lunatus Hagen.= C. serricornis Hag. Synop. It is the 9 that is described in the Synopsis, but instead of the words '• marked with black," (p. 191, line 1.) read " bordered with black"; and instead of '' with white spots," (line 4,) and "veins spotted, white," (line 7.) read "bordered with white." The words "bordered with black" (nigrocinctis) in my work are not altogether correct, for the veins are only bordered with a more obscure color. In the more highly colored % % the veins are scarcely bordered, for then the black color is uniform. The % has foliated antennae, each joint with a large oval plate underneath, a structure which Say could never have described as " deeply serrated." The head and thorax are more slender and highly colored than in 9 ; the design of the wings is the same. It may be remarked that the words " a larger «»«/ spot white "in the 1863.] IHl Synopsis, should be corrected, for there is "'a large rounded basal white spot." which is wider than the band of the wings. This spot is easily seen, and is the easiest character by which to distinguish the species. The inferior appendage % is elongate, narrower at tip, and of a pale brown color. — % 9 New York : ^ Maryland and Illinois (fnnu Mr. Uhler. ) 9 Peun.sylvania. Length of front wing % 24 — 28 mill 9 84 mill. [iSee note. 20.] CnAULlODES SERRTC0RNI8 Say= Ch. maculatm Hag. Synopsis. The % has serrate antenna;, and the inferior appendage is of a shining black at tip, and less elongated and wider than in the preceding. Both % and 9 have the base of their wings black. — % Savannah (type) Burm. - % North America. — 9 New York (June). Connecticut. — iV % from Mr. Uhler, labelled Maryland and Illinois, has the band of the front wings a little wider and the apical spots of the hind wings almost united into a large, irregular, oval spot. Two % from Massachusetts (Uhler) and New York (.Tune) are a little smaller and more highly colored. A very highly colored and large % (labelled Maryland and 111., June 8. Uhler) has the band on the front wings wider. It has foliate antennae like C. lunatus but cemented on with gum and as it seems erroneously. — Length front wing % 21 — 2(5 mill. I may add that Oh. /ascmtus Walker (Australia) seemed to me identical with Ch. serricornis Say. Possibly Walker's habitat is erroneous. Cei.vuliodes rastricornis. Ramb. % 9 received from 3Ir. Walsh, a superb pair. I had before received a 9 from Illinois (Uhler); the % I did not previously know. Gh. pectinicornk 9 differs in having pectinate antennae. I am very curious to see the larva of Chauliodes. \_Sec note 27.] CoRYDALis CORNUTUS, Linn. The larva possesses both branchiae and spiracles, like that of Sialis. 1 do not think that the [lateral] filamentous appendages are connected with respiration ; the little sponges at the base of the filaments and a little behind them are the true branchiae. It is a very curious, and up to this day a unique fact, that the larva of an Odonate from Ceylon (^Euphxa spleiulois) possesses similar filaments. The reason that the larva of Corydalis has both branchiae and spiracles is, that they live, like Sialis, some weeks out of the water before their transformation. Some extraordinary MS. statements from Mr. Walsh, as to these larvae '' tumbling down chim- 182 [October neys," ouiangui- tnpf'nniii is described by Say as having the ''elytra striate," not "punc- tate-striate," as they are in the species now referred by common coii- .sent to sdmjuinipennia. On the other hand, in Elatttr {covymVxies) hieroglyphicus the elytra are said by Say to be '• striated, the striae with very distinct punctures and the interstitial spaces punctured;" whereas in the species now generally referred to hieroglyphicua Say, the elytra are not strictly speaking punctate-striate, but the striae are merely irregularly encroached upon by the fine punctures of the interstitial .spaces. Nobody but those who have tried it can be aware how difficult a task it is to draw up perfectly faultless descriptions. Say's descrip- tions are generally admirable, so far as they go, but even Say has com- mitted some errors. It may be added that Say's species is said to have occurred at Cincinnati, Ohio, " not in any considerable numbers," and that my species occurs quite sparsely at Rock Island, Illinois. If the two should eventually prove not to be identical, I would propose for mine the name of B. uiterlineata, in allusion to the remarkable black line on the middle of the costa which occurs also in PalliKjcnla inter- punctata Say. In regard to Dr. Hagen's remark, that in the imago of this species abdominal joint 1 is piceous, and that it is 2 — G which are whitish, not 1 — 5, as I have described them, I can only state briefly that, in my opinion, what Dr. Hagen considers as the 1st abdominal joint is in reality the metathoracic postsciitellum. At all events, besides this dis- puted joint, there exists in the abdomen of all Ephemerina the typical number of 9 joints, all bearing spiracles except the last, which cannot therefore be considered as a mere anal plate, because then the last ab- tlominal joint would bear spiracles, which, so far as I know, is never the case with any insect in any one of its states. Similarly, I believe that in Odonata what Messrs. Selys and Hagen and preceding neuropte- 1863.] 191 rists call the 1st abdominal joint is the'metathoracic postscutellum, and their abdonainal joints 2 — lU the true abdominal joints 1 — 9; althoutih. to prevent confusion, I have adopted the customary phraseology in my descriptions. In Ephemerina, on the contrary, the abdomen is usually described as 9-jointed both in larva and imago. (Westw. Introd. II, pp. 26 and 31.) The same mistake has been made by authors in certain entire Orders, e. g., Coleoptera, and in certain families of other Orders, and has been corrected by ^V^estwood in Tenthredinidje and Tipulidae. I had origi- nally intended to accompany this Paper by a general Enquiry, illus- trated by drawings, into the Homologies of the Segmental Subseg- ments, for which I had prepared copious materials 5 but the subject has extended to so much greater length than I had anticipated, that I reserve this Enquiry for a future occasion. Note 7, p. 169. This is an error, for which nobody but myself is to blame. In English "large" refers both to length and breadth, and it is length only which is here spoken of Singularly enough, in French " large" refers to breadth only and in Latin "largus" refers neither to length nor to breadth, meaning simply "abundant." JVote 8, p. 170. B. ARIDA Say, Walsh. I have noticed this vari- ation in the coloring of the anterior legs in my description. The ante- rior tibia S 9 varies from pale greenish, slightly obfuscated at base and tip, to dark fuscous or brown-black, immaculate. Note 9, p. 170. B. SICCA Walsh. A careful examination of 9 S sicca satisfies me that the last dorsal joint of the abdomen is, like the rest, piceous, and not ferruginous, as I have erroneously described it. It is the same in color as joints 1 — 8, in 9 also. N'ote 10, p. 170. I have described the first tarsal joint of the ante- rior leg % 9 sicca as " conspicuously pale, except at the incisures," by which last term I intended to compi'ehend the incisure between the 1st basal joint and the tibia. The incisures, therefore, as the ground color is said to be " piceous," are of course supposed to be piceous. I have also described the tip of the anterior tibiae S 9 as black. It would have been more correct to say that both the tip of the tibia and the base of the 1st tarsal joint are black or fuscous. The tip of joint 1 and the whole of joints 2 — 5 of the anterior tarsi are, in reality, rather fuscous than piceous, but in a single % specimen joints 2 and 3 192 [October are pale on their basal halves. The coloration of the anterior legs in both arida and sicca is so variable that it is difficult to fix it definitely without being unduly diffuse. To describe the individual is always easy ; to describe the impedes, " hoc opus, hie labor est." Note 11, p. 170. The difference between arida and sicca in the coloration of the setae prevails only generally, not universally. In many other Ephemerina the setae are sometimes immaculate, sometimes incised with fuscous, the more immature individuals having immaculate setae like the subimago; e. g., PaUngcnia interjmnctata and P. JJavescens $ . The more constant differences between arida and sicca may be thus tabulated from a careful comparison of numerous additional specimens ; it is seldom that closely allied species can be so sharply separated. B^Tis ARIDA SuT/, Walsh. B^Tis SICCA Walsh. Dorsum of abdominal joints 1 — 8. Last abdominal dorsal joint % 9 . Abdominal setse % 9- Gross-veins of the an- terior wing %, . Veins of the anterior wing % . Piceous % , dark ferrugi- nous 9' with lateral basal pale ferruginous triangles or semicircles both % and J . Pale ferruginous. Pale greenish white, im- maculate. Pale greenish hyaline. Pale greenish hyaline, sometimes tinged with fuscous towards the eosta. Piceous % . dark ferrugi nous 9 > immaculate. Piceous % , dark ferrugi- nous 9 • Pale greenish white, with slender fuscous incis- ures, sometimes obso- lete except at base. Fuscous. Fuscous. In both species there is a narrow fissure between the eyes % sub- imago when recent, which is absent in tlie imago. I was mistaken in supposing this fissure to be peculiar to arida^ and I have observed the same character in the subimagos of some other Baetis. My observa- tion on the comparative shortness of the % front legs in sicca is only generally, not universally true. Individuals occur with the front legs as long as the body, and I have one now before me with the front legs 1863.] 193 only ^ as long as the body and one leg a trifle longer than the other. (See Dr. Hagen's remarks p. 176 lines 2 — 6.) Note 12, p. 171. I have translated Dr. Williamson's description from the original Latin, either of Dr. Williamson or Dr. Hagen, but apparently the latter. The "two eggs" said to be laid by $ , are no doubt the two long, cylindrical yellow masses, each consisting of nu- merous minute eggs, which are laid by so many other Ephemerina. Instead of having the vulvar aperture located under the tip of the antepenultimate ventral, as in Perlina and Odouata, Ephemerina have it located under the tip of the pr?e-antepenultimate, which, so far as I know, does not occur in any other family of Insects, and has not been noticed by authors. This species will, I suspect, prove to be congene- ric with my Cloe ferruginea for the following reasons: — 1st. It is said to have " no ocelli," and in ferruginea the eyes overhang and conceal the two posterior ocelli. 2nd. The hind wings are described as " nar- rower" than the others, as in all true Cloe that have any hind wings, and the wings are said to be "reticulate," which is true of all four wings m ferruginea^ but not in any other Cloe known to me. ord. The subimago of ferruginea has the wings partly whitish hyaline, and the wings of Bsetis (palingenia) alha Say are described by Dr. Hagen as "whitish with the anterior margin grayish" in the subimago. I doubt whether any Ephemerinous imago has opaque whitish wings, though Palingenia Heeuha Hagen, imago, is described as having " opaque grayish-rosy wings." Possibly in this case Dr. Hagen was led to be- lieve the specimen to be an imago, because it had "a mass of eggs in the vulvar aperture," but I shall show afterwards that the subimago occasionally oviposits in Palingenia, hilineata. (See Note 16, line 9.) POTAMANTHUS. Note 13, p. 172. I failed to identify odonatus Walsh with nehulo- sus Walker, because Mr. Walker's description says "anterior wings with a bioad longitudinal fuscous band," by which I supposed him to mean a vitfa extending from the base to the tip of the wing, as many authors, e. g.. DeGeer, make no distinction between a fascia or band and a vitta or longitudinal sti'ipe. It is very satisfactory that I should have referred to the right genus this fragmentary specimen, which had lost both the head and the abdomen, upon which parts and their appendages the ordinary generic characters in Ephemerina are 194 [October almost exclusively founded. The extreme tip of the front wing in my specimen is not hyaline, as Dr. Hagen supposes. By the words " ter- minal one-third of the wings dusky, iritli ^^^^ ^o be hya- line, it seems contrary to analogy that they should be identical with a % which has the terminal ^ of its front wing brown. Dr. Hagen does not state whether they agree with the 9 P- concinnus from Washing- ton. The descriptions agree tolerably well, but unfortunately the length of the intermediate seta of P. coneinnus is not given in the Synopsis. The proportion of the exterior to the intermediate seta (15 to 8) in the six doubtful 9 9 differs greatly from the proportion in my 9 cupidus subimago, (10 to about 8); but it seems to be the general rule in Ephe- merina, that as a species progresses from larva through pupa and subi- mago to imago, the proportional length of the middle seta should gradu- ally diminish. For example, in Ephemerajiaveola Walsh, the middle seta of the imago is to the other setaj as 14 to 20 S and lU to 12 9 ; while in the subimago the three are almost exactly equal. And it is well known that the genera with only two setae developed in the imago 1863.] " 19o have larvae with three tails nearly of equal length. Unfortunately the middle seta of my unique % F. rvjv'dux imago got lost in the handling, and I could only guess at its length. I have no doubt now that the length I formerly gave '' about 10 mill," is much too great. According to Dr. Hagen, the synonymy of the N. A. species of Potamanthus will stand thus: — P. CUPIDUS Say, Vi ahh = ro)irinnus Walker ^palft'pes Walker = fessr/idfiis Walker. P. NEBULOSUS VlidkeY=odoiuitus Walsh. Palingenia. Not/- 16, p. 174. I now possess 9 9 of the group to which P. vltti- ifera belongs and S 9 subimago. The 9 differs most remarkably from the S in the middle seta being nearly as long as the others, instead of being only about i as long. In this respect, therefore. Group 5, or my subgenus A, agrees with Dr. Hagen's Grroup 2, but differs from that Group, \st. in the anterior legs % being very short and not much longer than those of 9 . 'Ind. in the four hind legs being short, onl. in the 9 not remaining in the subimago state. Ath. in the membrane of the wings not being "always folded up in the dead specimens." — As re- gards the ord point, I believe that, in certain species, the 9 subimagos of which ordinarily moult, they occasionally do not do so; for I possess a 9 subimago of P. hilineata Say, which oviposited in that state. Be- sides the two 9 imagos of this 5th Group described below, I have met with two 9 subimaginal integuments which evidently belong here, so that there can be no doubt that the 9 subimagos commonly moult. The discovery of the very curious fact, that the 9 of this group has the 3 setae subequal, will necessitate a revision of the Synoptical Table given on p. 368 of my Paper, in which I made an attempt to separate our N. A. genera of Ephemerina, without having recourse to sexual characters. As revised, the commencement of the Table will read as follows : — f First tarsal kc Ephemera. Anterior legs '^91 nearly as long \ Potamanthus. as the body. j Anterior legs *& 9 ) Palingenia subge- only i as long > nus A (=Pente- as the body. j genian.g.)^on\y. y Palingenia subge- Set£e 3. the middle one short • nnn K [=Pe7itage- ) nia n. g.) 'J, only. Setse 3, subequal. First tarsal Ac. 196 [October The 8rd division of the 1st or sexual Synoptical Table (p. 367) must also be slig'htly amended, and read as follows : — Lesjs all short: (interme-) „ diate setsi short I , sub- [ PALixrjExiA. subgenus A Eyes -J, not contiguous. equal ])ens. as we might a priori anticipate, that from time to time new Ephemerinous species are imported amongst us. This may account for the fact, that although in 18(32 I pretty thoroughly explored the neigh- borhood of our saw-mills, yet in 18Go I have met with several species in considerable abundance which were previously unknown to me. On the other hand, of several species that were abundant in 18G2, I have in I860 met with only one or two specimens, e. g., Potamanthits cupi- dtis, Bsefis alfrrnata and Bpefisra ohem. — This may, however, be partly explained by the fact that in 1868 the Mississippi has been unusually low and comparatively but few log-rafts have come down. P. PUi.CHELLA Walsh, and P. terminata Walsh. 1 am not sure but these two species are identical. I had supposed that the pre- sence of fuscous dots in jmlcheUa. located on the spiracles of the pale segments of the abdominal dorsum, was a constant character % 9 5 but out of many dozen individuals examined in 1863, I find a % with these dots subobsolete and another with them obsolete. Although puUhella has been abundant in 1863, I have not seen a single terminata^ so as to determine with precision the color of its eyes. Pulchella certainly has them " pearly-whitish," and from my general recollection that the eyes of terminata were yellow, I stated them in my description to be " generally yellowish." In this, however, I may possibly be mistaken, for I was not in the habit in 1862 of noting the color of the eyes in the field, and these organs often turn black in the interval between capture and death, sometimes both, and sometimes only one. The only constant distinguishing character that remains is, that the four hind legs and the abdominal joints 1 — 6 are pui'e whitish in pulchella and pale yellowish in terminata^ which, unsupported by a constant and decided difierence in the color of the eyes, would not be sufficient to separate such closely allied species. Here, as elsewhere, it is easy to separate two individuals, but to separate two species, when specimens are greatly multiplied, is a far more difficult undertaking. As to Dr. Hagen's remark on the probable identity of P. pulchella Walsh, and Bsetis verticis Say, there is some clerical or typographical error in the figures given in the Synopsis. Say says that B. verticis is " over one-fourth of an inch long," and the setae " over three-tenths," which in millimetres would be about 7 and 8 ; and he says likewise -504 [October •' setae hardly longer than the body." Yet the figures given in the Synopsis under B. verticis Say, are 8 and 24 respectively. Now the setiij of pu/chella are 17 — 22 mill., and it can scarcely therefore be iden- tical with a species which, according to its describer, has setas only 8 mil- limetres long. If B. vfvtirk Say, is ever identified, T should conceive, from the ornamentation of the legs and the description of the hind wings, that it will probably prove to be a Cloe. The following belong to the same group {Hoptnijenla n. g.) as F. pulchella Walsh. Heptagenia n. g. H. simplex, n. .sp.— '^Golden-yellow ranging to whitish. Head with the eyes bright greenish yellow in the living inseet above and below; orbits of ocelli blackish. Upper surface oi thorax flesh-colored. Abdomen and venter perfectly hyaline and immaculate, except the last two or three joints, which are opaque yellowish or whitish; setse white, tinged with dusky at the extreme tip: anal appendages white. Legs white, the femora yellow or yellowish, and the ex- treme tips of all the tarsi and in the anterior legs the tips of the tibiae and some- times the tarsal incisures, fuscous. Wings hyaline, veins and cross-veins fine, subequal, the cross-veins on the terminal ^ of the costa coarse, on the other * very fine, and entirely absent, except the oblique basal vein, on the basal fifth of the costa; veins and cross-veins in both wings hyaline except on the terminal •i or 5 of the front wing wliere they are fuscous, all the costal cross-veins being occasionally fuscous. The 9 differs from % as follows: — The abdomen and venter are egg-yellow. except where the eggs have been extruded. Tlie setae are scarcely tinged with dusky at tip. All six legs have only the extreme tip of the tarsus a little tinged with fuscous. All the veins and cross-veins are hyaline, except a few cross- veins towards the costal tip which are dusky, and the costal veins which have a yellowish tinge.— Length % 6— 8 mill. J 7— SA mill. Exp. '^ l(i.V—20.V mill. 921—221 mill. Sota-^ 14— ISV mill. J 14— ItJ mill. Ant. leg ^ 6i mill. 9 (same size) (■) mill. Ten % , nine 9 . The % 9 siibimago diiFer only in the usual way from the imago. The wings, as well as their veins and cross-veins, are yellowish, all the veins and cross-veins, except on the costa of one 9 1 untinged with fuscous. — Length % (> mill. 9 ^—\) mill. Plxp.S 16 mill. 9 19—25.^ mill. Seta S lOi mill. 9 1 0 — 15 mill. One % , four 9 . — This species is remarkable for the unusual shortness of the anterior tarsus, which never exceeds li- the length of the tibia in S , and J the tibia in 9 , whereas in pnl- cheUa % it is generally from 1 to J longer than the tibia and in pul- chella 9 about as long as the tibia. It differs also from its congeners. 1863.] 20[) except puhhclla, terminata and maculipcnnis n. sp., in the first tarsal joint in all S 9 ^<^e^ being as long as the second, instead ot" being some- what shorter, joints 1 — 4 being subequal, 4 a trifle the shortest. I met with a single 9 subimago of this species in 1862, and laid it aside as a " nondescript." In 186ii the species was abundant in June, near one of our saw-mills. No less than 5 of the % specimens described have the eyes fully rounded out, which is the surest sign of maturity both in p]phe- merina and Odonata, so that they cannot be considered as immature and colorless individuals of some other species. The colorless specimens of terminata described by me have their anterior tarsi as long as fully colored specimens. H. cruentata, n. sp. — '^ Yellovvisli. Head with the eyes in the living insect pale bluish gray, a black line dividing the upper j from the lower i; ocelli fuscous; vertex sanguineous; seta dusky, whitish at tip. Upper surface of ) (eapace au dcsaus du TrlatKjle) assumes the form of an elongated, but more or less irregu- lar, parallelogram in Calopterygina and in certain genera of Agrionina (e. g. Megaloprepus, Palgemnema, Protonevra and Trichocnemis,) or of an elongated trapezium with its upper side shorter than its lower side. in the remaining genera of Agrionina. This difference ai'ises from the lower side, i.e. the side facing the anal angle (z), being always greatly elongated in both subfamilies, and the side adjoining the Triangle (t) being greatly shortened and made subparallel with the side facing the base of the wing in Calopterygina and in the exceptional genera of Agrionina, or elongated and directed towards the basal portion of the costa in the remaining genera of Agrionina. Thus modified this area is called "the quadrangle " or "the quadrilateral." — ">rd. In conse- quence of the above modifications, the upper and lower sectors of the triangle (n and o,) which still retain the same name, spring immedi- ately from the upper and lower corners of the '• median area" (x), the triangles which intervene in the other four subfamilies being obsolete and there being consequently no osculation of d with e. o o' Veins (or principal nervures). — an. costal vein. 6, subcostal vein. cc. median vein. d. submedian vein. e. postcostal vein. 1S63.] 209 Sectors (branches springing from areas, veins, cross-veins, or other .•sectors). — -fff. principal sector. (/, nodal sector. A, subnodal sector, /r, median sector, mm, short sector, n. upper sector of the Triangle, (normally a prolongation of <1^ <>. lower sector of the Triangle, (nor- mally a prolongation of p.') »', o" its branches, (rampnu.r.)* Cross-vei.ns. — />. nodus, q, arc or arculus. /•/•/• antecubitals."!- .fs.s' postcubitals. Areas and .\ngles. — ^ the Triangle, (discoidal.) ». internal triangle. V. anal triangle. W. basal area (or space) xx, median area (or space.) .//. menibranule. z. anal angle in 'S . the dotted line z' shewing the form of the anal corner of the wing in 9 (jromphus.'l AA . discoidal areolets, (in the figure, two ranges of them commeucing with three.) 5, Pterostigma. C, its basal (or internal) side prolonged in the normal manner. D, " quadrangle," ^' quadrilateral," or " area above the triangle." bounded above by w, below by r/, basally by y, and terminally by an unnamed cross-vein. EEE, Postcostal area (or space. ) Of the above pterological parts, q and its sectors, r. *•, t. W, ij, B, and in Calopterygina and Agrionina •' the quadrilateral " (D) and •• the postcostal area" (E) are the most important in Classification. When in Odonata '• antecubitals" and •' postcubitals" are spoken of. the an- terior or costal series of each, in the front wing, is always meant, unless express reference is made to the antecubitals and postcubitals of the hind wing, or to their posterior or subcostal series. The triangles are said to be •• free" (libres) or "empty" (vides}, when, as in Gumphux. the}' are not intersected by cross-veins. In'Gomphoides, Cordulec/aKfi, however, it is the 1st and the 7th, not the 1st and the 5th anteeubitals which are thus thickened. In jEschna (consfri'cta^ and Annx (Junms) the medial antecubital which is thus thickened and not dislocated varies in the same species. in the same sex, and sometimes even in the right and left wings of the same individual, from the 6th to the 7th ; thus proving that in ^■Eschnina, at all events, this character is not even of specific, much less of generic or subgeneric value. HET.q^RINA. The following Table of the sub-groups of the subgenus Het?erina, copied with additions from Selys and Hagen's Monocjr. Calopt., will probably be found both useful and interesting. Of this subgenus 31 species, all American, are now described, 9 of which exist in the U. S. and probably many more remain to be discovered. f Tip of % hind wings hyaline 1 species, S. A. I m- f /^ 1 • 1 ■ -M ) 8 sp. 8. A. and 1 I Tipof '^hmd wmgs with a( gp -U S (sen- Tibia3 black - red spot, J tentrionalis.) Tip of all 4 % wings with a | ^ g g_ ^ red spot, J f • • rr,., ■ , ■ 1 .. / i. ■ ^ K 1 ) 2 sp. N.A. and 8. Tibite " superiorly (or exteriorly) pale. [ ^ ^^^^ 1 U S (Tip of % wings with no spot.) j ^,[,iif„„,icd.)" 4 sp. U. S. {ame- ricano.. basalis. pscudamerica- na n. sp. and texana n. sp. 1 sp.S.A.lsp.N. A. & ;5 sp. U. 8. ( tricolor, ru- pinsulensis Walsh and ru- pamnen.nsn. s. Ti[) of all 4 % wings with a ! 1 sp- S. A. and 1 brown spot. 1' sp. N. A. Tip of % hind wings with a Pterostigma ab- sent % 9 I'terostigniapre- senf^ 9 . sonie- tiiiies rudimen- tarv. Tibim '•superiorly" (or exteriorly) pale (Tiji of % wings with no spot.) Tip of % wings, especially the hind ones, bordered with brown. Tibiw bhu-k. spot. 1 sp. N. A. Tip of '^ hind wings with a I , ^ . red spot. ) ^ "P- ^- '^• Tip of all 4 'J, wings with a | , ^ . red spot. j ^ ^P- ''^ ^• H. AMERICANA? Fabr. A single % , which I refer with some hesita- tion to this species chiefly because the % abdominal appendages agree both with the figure and with the description in the Monographic, \fA^ 18r):i] 211 taken by me at the end of Auuast on Rock Kiver, HI. There is. it is true, a small but distinct tubercle above on the posterior base of the median laminiform tooth of the appendage, which is not specially mentioned in the Monncfraph'u' ; but as this tubercle exists in both my other species of this subgroup, it probably exists also in americana. The carmine-red basal spot on all the 4 wings extends about | the way to the nodus, or 11 — 12 cellules beyond the quadrilateral in the front wing and 8 — 9 cellules beyond the quadrilateral in the hind wing. Now awt'riVojja S is described as having the carmine-red spot reach only •} the way, instead of | the way. to the nodus ; and in a % speci- men sent me by Mr. Uhler, which however as it has lost most of its abdomen cannot be identified with certainty, it reaches in the front wing 5 cellules beyond the quadrilateral and in the hind wing 3. I observe, however, that in riipamnends % n. sp. there is a variation of 2 and 5, and in imnidamericana % n. sp. a variation of 2 and 4 cellu- les in the extent of the basal spot in the front and hind wings respect- ively; and as a character which is variable in one species may gene- rally, I think, be assumed to be more or less variable in closely allied species, we may disregard in this specimen the unusual extent of both basal spots, being about 6 — 7 cellules of overplus. Again, in amtri- cmia % the basal spot is described as " leaving the costal margin free almost for its whole extent" in the front wing, and " leaving the post- costal margin free from opposite the arc" in the hind wing; (Monoi/r. p. 132.) and such is the case also in the specimen from Mr. Uhler. In my % the spot on the front wing leaves the costal margin at J its own length from the base of the wing; and that on the hind wing leaves the postcostal margin at f its own length from the base of the wing; the other two margins are touched by the spot throughout its entire length. But in these points, too, I find very considerable variation in the above named two species. There are also some other less important and equally variable characters in which our insect differs from the descrip- tion, viz. Isf. The entire second joint of the antennae is brown, in- stead of being ^' brown at each end;" but it is also uniformly brown in the Uhlerian specimen of amen'cana. 'Ind. The pterostigma is black, instead of 'reddish-brown" in the mature S and -yellow" in the immature % . '6f(L The epistoma is brassy-green, and the top of the head and the dark parts of the thorax coppery -red. as is also the -1^ [October case in the Uhlerian specimen. The Monoi/raphir describes the epis- toma as ■• bronze-green," the top of the head as '■ golden-green ;" and the thorax as •' coppery -green in front" and '• bronze-gi-een " on its sides. In Dr. Hagen's Synopsis the general color of % is said to be •' coppery." In the above-quoted two species (rupamnensis and pseud- americana) I find the coloration in these parts to be very variable. As is also the case in the Uhlerian specimen of a7nericana, the postoc- cipital tubercles of this specimen are obtuse, which character however is omitted in the 3Io no;/ rnpfiir. — Antecubitals 25 — 26 ; postcubitals 25 — 27 ; 9 — 13 cross-veins to the 4 quadrilaterals ; 6 — 8 cross-veins to the 4 basal areas. Length % 47 mill. Expanse % 58 mill. Abd. % 38 mill. Front wing % 30^ mill. Hind wing % 29 mill. One % ; 9 unknown. Very rare near Rock Island, 111. A search of several weeks for the 9 of this species, and also for additional Z specimens, was finally unsuccessful. A new species of Hetaerina, basali'>t Hagen, is briefly described by its differences from americana in M. Selys's Addit. Synops. Calopt. p. 6. (where however the habitat should be ■' Pecos River, Texa^'' in- stead of •■ Pecos River, High California,''') and also in Hagen's Sy- no[)si>i p. 60. As in that species the basal spot is said to extend | of the way to the nodus instead of only i the way as in americana, it might be thought that our insect, whose basal spot extends about f the way to the nodus, should be referred there. But. l.s^ in basalis the basal spot is said to be more convex exteriorly than in americana. which is not the case here, and 'Ind, the superior % abdominal appen- dages of basalis are said to have the middle tooth '-triangular,'' whereas according to the figure and description in the 3Ionograp)hie the middle tooth in (imericana is -'rounded" in a regular curve, as in my % . Amongst the debris of a number of specimens of Hetaerina sent me by Mr. Uhler. some of which were labelled -• basalis Hagen, Texas," I find an abdomen with just such a triangular tooth on the % abdominal ap- pendage. In a word, this character of the tooth is structural and there- fore as a general rule more important; the characters drawn from the spot are merely colorational, and are not, therefore, as a general rule, either so reliable or so important. But besides this last distinction it is important to observe, that 1X68.] -J IP. tlirniighout Odonata the % abdominal appendag'es are most remarkably constant ; and it is expressly remarked of the genus Hetterina in the Monograph ie that "the species resemble one another greatly, so that many of them are distinguishable with diificulty, especially 9 9 ." and that m % . besides the characters drawn from the wings, -'we should pay special attention to the organization of the abdominal appendages, which are fortunately a little different almost in every species." (p. ST. ) I have carefully collated oG specimens of % ni/Mimncin^is n. sp. and can find no appreciable variation whatever in the structure of these organs. Hence we may infer, I think, that they are generally con- stant in other species of the genus, and as the characters in which our insect differs from amrrirana are by no means constant, while that of the % abdominal appendages, in which it agrees with amcricana and differs from basalu^ may be assumed to be constant, we should place more dependance upon a single constant character than upon several inconstant ones. The principle above referred to, which though not universally is. I think, pretty generally true, may be called the Law of Equable Va- riability, and may be thus expressed : — If any given character is very variable in one species of a group, it will tend to be variable in allied species ; and if any given character is perfectly constant in one species of a group, it will tend to be constant in allied species. For example, almost all the spotted Goccinelladff^ are. as is well known, more or less variable in the characters drawn from their spots ; A^iojna/a variam Fabr. is exceedingly variable in its spottings, and so is ^. Inri- cola Fabr. and A. hlnotata Schonh.; the European Donacia Frotciof has the ground-color remarkably variable, and most of our N. A. spe- cies vary similarly more or less; Ormdacno vittata Say, is most remark- ably variable in its vittae, and so is another vittate species 0. cJiil- drrni Kirby. from Hudson's Bay ; the different species of MeUtsea and Ar(ji/miis are notoriously variable in the markings of their wings; the spotted species of Tettiijonindse are more or less variable in their spots and some astonishingly so ; and throughout Fcrihui the neuration. which in most families of insects is constant, is more or less inconstant. On the other hand, in the allied family Odonata the neuration is won- derfully constant. Finally, in the tribes ^^i^rhnina and LibeUuUna the coloration is pretty constant; in the tribe Asolete % 9 '^nd either articulate (Bsetis ^^ A & B, Walsh) or exarticulate (Btetisca, Walsh,) to groups where tlie middle appendage is entirely obsolete, (Bsetis ^ C. Walsh.) In Odonata the middle appendage is obsolete "J, , but is represented 9 by a lami- niform piece known as the superior anal process and most distinctly seen in Gomphina, the two inferior anal processes representing the inferior % appen- dages. In the Odouatous pupa, however, they are all three present, in the pupa of Gomphus and Agrion all three alike, and in that of Agrion long and subequal. Throughout Orthoptera, except Forficuladje where it is obsolete, the middle appendage is represented by what Orthopterists call the supra-anal plate, and in several Acridians the three superior appendages are almost ex- actly alike, viz., triangularly laminiform. That this supra-anal plate is not the terminal dorsal joint of the abdomen is proved by the fact, that in Mantidse and Phasmidae it exists, though small in size, in addition to the nine typical abdominal joints which are all dorsally present in these two families. In most Xeuropterous aiM Pseudoneuropterous families the middle superior appendage is obsolete or subobsolete '^ 9- I^ Corydalis e.g. it is represented by an in- distinct triangular lamina. The Locustarian genera Phaneroptera and Cyrto- phyllus are remarkable for the intermediate appendage being greatly and nar- rowly prolonged % and in the former genus bifurcate at tip. and in conjunc- tion with the similarly prolonged •• infra-anal plate," which consists of the two inferior appendages soldered together, forming a vertical, prehensile, sexual -1<> [October appendages are forcipate but nearly alike % 9 ^'^d are used as defensive weapons, the two inferiors being absent. In all the other Neuropte- rous. Pseudoneuropterous and Orthopterous families, excepting, so far as regards the inferior appendages, the family Ephemerina, the abdominal appendages when present are simple, and when present in both sexes are alike S 9 . Occasionally they are laminate (Acridii Latr.=Locus- tadae Leach) but usually more or less setiform, the superiors often very long and antennif )rm and either exarticulate (Grryllides) or multiarticu- late.fBlattadai. Mantidge, Perlina, Ephemerina.) Hence morphologically they must, I think, be considered as caudal antennae, as they have been actually observed in Grryllides, where however the two inferiors except in Tridactylus are absent, "to be very sensible and to serve probably to give the animal notice of the approach of any annoyance from be- hind." (Westw. Tntr. I. p. 441.) Functionally, however, though not Tnorphologically, these organs are in Odonata and the above enumerated Orthopterous and Neuropterous groups, in S but not in 9- accessory reproductive organs, just as in Forfieuladne % 9 they are functionally weapons of defense. The true % reproductive organs are generally in the class Insecta small, retractile and more or less fleshy, so as to be studied with difiiculty, especially in the dried specimen, except in Odo- nata and a few other families, where they are generally large, exserted and horny and consequently not liable to lose their form in drying. Wherever they have been studied, however, they seem to follow the same laws as the % reproductive organs of Odonata, whether true or accessory, which have been so elaborately illustrated by Dr. Hagen, viz., that they are remarkably constant in the same species, and that they differ by small but constant differences in the % % , but scarcely forceps. Consequently, as this forceps takes the place of the normal horizontal % forceps formed by the two exterior appendages, the latter are here nearly alike in 'J, 9) except that in Cyrtophyllus they liave a long branch "J, wliich does not appear 9 • That the long exarticulate seta in Gryllides is strictly homologous with the short prehensile superior appendage found in % Odonata, Ac^is proved by the fact, that the larva of Chauliodes, as will be hereafter shown, has two long su- perior setiform appendages almost exactly like those of Gryllus ( = Acheta.) wliile the imago of % Chauliodes has a pair of short prehensile superior append- ages closely resembling those of the Odonatous Erpetogomphus. Nobody, I be- lieve, has doubted that the exarticulate seta in Gryllides is homologous with tlie multiarticulate seta of Ephemerina and Perlina. 1S63.] 217 diff'er in 9 9 • "^t' allied species. | On the other hand it is notorions tliat when in Neuroptera, Pseudoneuroptera and Orthoptera the % al)- dontinal appendages are normal, i. e. antenniform, or degraded so as to be functionally useless, (Acridii.) there is scarcely any difference in their structure between allied species of the same genus or even of the same fauiily. These facts lead me to suspect that generally in the Class Insecta. when a A'ariation useful to % in his sexual operations does take place in S reproductive organs, it is often seized hold of by Natural Selec- tion to originate a new species, the less favored % % being beaten in the struggle for 9 9 ; and that species thus formed afterwards, by ordinary variation and by so to speak "breeding in-and-in," modi- fy and gradually exaggerate colorational peculiarities which were originally common to them and the supposed primordial form from which they sprang. In no other way, on the Principles of Natural Selection, can I account for the well-known fact of the colorational design or pattern being so often the same throughout a large group of species, though it generally differs minutely in each of these species in its proportions and details; while in the same group we shall find scarcely any structural differences, which could have been seized hold of by Natural Selection to originate new species, unless it be in the % reproductive organs. In Ilefserina. for example, there are normally three dark stripes on the pleura of the thorax, two on what I consider to be the mesothoracic epimerum, and one on the metathoracic epister- num. Again, in Gomphus there are normally two dark stripes on the pleura, one on the mesothoracic epimerum and one on the metathoracic episternum. Thirdly, in Gomphus Messrs. Selys and Hagen have shown, that there are normally three dark stripes on each side of the dorsum of the thorax, or what I conceive to be the mesothoracic epis- ternum. Fourthly, in Agrion and Lestes I have shown that there are nor- mally three dark vittas on the femur, (7/^. F&eudoneur. pp. 282-3,) and % E. g. in the hymenopterous Bovibus, as observed by Audouin, quoted Westic. Intr. II. 281; in the dipterous Limnobina, as observed by Osteu Sackeii. See Plates and descriptions of Plates appended to his Paper on Limnobina m Proc. Phil. Acad. Sc, Aug. 1859. I have myself observed the same thing in Locusta- ricB Latr. of the superior '^ abdominal appendages or acce.ssory reproductive organs. -iJ^ [October the "posterior" series of subobsolete dark spots which I have since observed in several species of Hetaerina seems to indicate that there is iKjrmally also a fourth dark vitta there — the posterior one Ye^ in all these yards square, and yet that every one of them keeps perfectly distinct. A similar case occurs in the genus Gomphus, of which 10 perfectly distinct but closely-allied species co-exist in the neighborhood of Rock Island, 111., three of which, as already recorded, (111. Pseudon. p. 390. j I have seen coming out of the water together in the pupa state on one and the same day, and on one and the same spot of ground. Imme- diately that we assume any other criterion of specific distinctness than the o-eueral non-existence in a state of nature of the intermediate "xades. either proved by actually examining numerous specimens or inferred fi'om the analogy of allied species, all is chaos and confusion. The formerly received dogma that hybrids are incapable of further propa- gation, has been proved by Rev. ^V^. Herbert and others to be utterly false in the Vegetable Kingdom, and is probably false in the Animal Kingdom. Hence may be seen the importance of describing species. 1863.] 1^21 whenever practicable, from numerous specimens, and carefully notinL-^ all the variations ; for to describe the species is often a very different thino; from describing- the individual. Hence, too, we may see the reason why descriptions are necessary even when the very best colored figures are given ;' for a single figure necessarily gives only the indi- vidual, perhaps an average of the species, perhaps an extreme variety, but a good description gives the variations as well, and consequently the species. In variable genera, such for instance as the coleopterous Halfica, Chrj/somrhi , Cn/pfocephalm, and their allies, almost any ento- mologist not familiar with the Order, would suppose individual speci- mens taken from the two extremes of a specific series to be specifically distinct, and it is only the existence of the intermediate grades which proves them to be identical. In one word, the amount of difference between two supposed species is comparatively nothing, the constancy of the difference is comparatively everything. I am not ignorant of the existence in the Vegetable Kingdom of what are called Dimorphovis species, where hermaphrodite flowers of two distinct types of structure, without any intermediate grades, occur on separate plants of what is undoubtedly the same species, (See SiUinKinsi Journal XXXVI. p. 279.) Something similar to this has been long known in the Animal Kingdom, in the case of the females and so-called neuters of social insects. The queen-bee actually differs from the common working-bee in several important structural charac- ters ; and hymenopterists do not hesitate to separate, as specifically or even generically distinct, forms which differ in no greater degree than do these two forms, which undoubtedly belong to the same sex of the same species. It may be said that the differences between the queen- bee and the working-bee arise from differences in food, &c., or what natu- ralists call '• the Conditions of Life." Granted. But who will undertake to assert without a particle of proof that if the food, &c. were of an inter- mediate character, an intermediate form between the queen and the working-bee would be produced ? It would be as reasonable for some chemical dogmatist to assert without a particle of proof, that because certain chemical substances are known to exist in what are called " alio tropic states," therefore the intermediate states can be called into being. Again, what is known as '' gynandromorphism" in the Coleop- terous Dyt'iAcu^ ami in Lepidoptera in Pajyilio Tiinius and in certain •}■>•> [October species of Colias, (See Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. I. p. 349-51.) is nothing but a phase of Dimorphism ; and the orauge-colored 9 9 *jf Agrion Ramhurii are perhaps referable to the same chiss of facts, for I do not remember ever to have seen any intermediate grade between the bkie 9 and the orange-colored 9 ■ Thirdly, in the coleopterous genus Sin- gonmm and its allies, where the % head is armed with horns, we are told by Westwood that '' these cornuted individuals appear to be of two distinct kinds," some with large and some with small horns, and that " out of 50 S % of Siagonium he was not able to find a single in- dividual intermediate between the two kinds" ; (Introd. I. p. 172.) which is a clear case of % dimorphism. Fourthly, it has long been known that certain species of Orthoptera, Hymenoptera and especially of Heteroptera and Homoptera sometimes occur in the S 9 imago state with very short wings and sometimes with long ones, without any inter- mediate grades, and that other species are in the S imago sometimes fully winged but generally apterous, without any intermediate grades, an instance of which, in the Ichneumonide genus Peznmachus. I have recorded in my Essay on Insects injurious to Vegetation in Illi- nois (p. 369.) Fifthly, in Cynipid^ae I have some very strong proof, which at some future time I shall offer to the world, that Hartig's agamous species, which exist only in 9 sex, are mere dimorphous forms of bisexual species.* In the Vegetable Kingdom it appears that there are even trimorphous species, and similarly in Formicidfe the genus Atta, a species of which commonly occurs in Illinois, has one kind of neuters with heads of the ordinary proportions, and another kind with heads as bulky as the remaining part of their bodies, with no interme- diate grades whatever, as I have repeatedly observed. A phenomenon apparently of the same kind occurs in Termes, but as in Pseudoneurop- tera the larva and pupa resemble the imago and are active, and as the so-called "nasuti" may possibly be larvae, the case is not so strong a one. It has often been said that there are also two distinct sizes of neuters belonging to the hymenopterous genus Formica, but my experience is that here all the intermediate sizes coexist in the same ••■■See on this subject Baron Osten Sacken's Papers on N. A. Cynipidce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. I. pp. 49 — 50 and 2-tS — 249. Brulle dismisses this physiologi- cally important and very remarkable subject in a dozen lines. Suites a Bujf'oiu Ili/menopt. IV. p. 032. ]>im.] 223 nest. LastI}'. it is well known that there are three distinct types of the Jjepidopterous Vanessa interrogation is^ which were "all obtained from the same caterpillars" by Boisduval & Leconte. (Quoted by Mr. Ed- wards. Prac. Eiit. Soc. Phil. I, p. 184.) — lu the meantime, the general non-existence of intermediate grades between two closely-allied forms may and must be taken as prima facie evidence of their specific dis- tinctness. That '-the exception proves the rule" is an old ;ind imt very ])hilosophical saying; but that there are exceptions to almost all rule- in Natural History is undoubtedly true. Monomorphism is the rule ; Dimorphism is the exception. It may be observed here that in many, though by no means in all. Odonatous groups there is a great overplus of S % . In the same way Mr. Edwards has remarked to me that in the genus Papilio the S S are about four times as numerous as 9 9 , and I can confirm the fact from my own observation. I shall afterwards prove that this is also the case in a subgroup of the subgenus Gromphus. In the two subge- nera of Hetterina (Lais and Het;«rina) it appears to be almost the universal rule. Of the 37 described species of these two closely-allied subgenera, although collectors of course always strive to make up pairs of each species, the number of % specimens known to exist is about 3G(3, and the number of 9 specimens known to exist only about 90, calculating from my own species and from those where the numbers of % 9 specimens are given in the Monof/rajMe ; and in no less than (j species of the 37 the % only is known. Hence we may conclude that generally in the genus Hetasrina the % % are at least 4 times as nume- rous as 9 9 . This great preponderance oi' % S , wherever it exists, must give much greater latitude to the above-mentioned kind of " natu- ral selection," than if the sexes were equal in number or 9 9 more numerous than % % . H. pseudamericaua n. sp. "J, . Brassy-black. Top of the Ae«rf, including the or- bits of tlie eyes, cojjpery-red, occasionally greenish-brassy. Epistoma generally greenish-brassy, sometimes coppery-red when the top of the head is also so, al- ways with a lateral whitish spot; rhinarium hla<;kish: labrum very pale dull brown, with a large, shining, basal, black spot in tlie middle; labium and its lobes brownish white ; mandibles whitish on their basal i, shining black on their terminal A. Back of the head blackish; postoccipital tubercles obtuse. Antenna* black, the 2nd joint whitish at base and tip, sometimes entirely whitish except a small medial black spot. Protlwrax dull coppery-red. Dorsum of thorax cop- pery-rod. the dorsal carina black and generally crowned by a faint longitudi- 224 [October nal whitish line; immediately in front of the humeral suture a whitish line extending from its middle to the prothorax. Pleura whitish with a short black line above in the humeral suture and in each of the two sutures before and be- hind the spiracle, and a large black spot below in the segment before the spiracle which is black. The segment before the spiracle with a broad coppery-red stripe covering nearly its whole surface and touching the upner i of the suture before the spiracle ; the spiracle-bearing segment with a much narrower stripe, extend- ing from the spiracle, where it is pointed, nearly to the origin of the wings; and the segment behind the spiracle with a still narrower stripe slightly abbrevi- ated above and below. Antealar sinus generally dark-green, sometimes cop- pery-red. Sternum whitish. yl6c?o»iew with a narrow, basal, whitish annulus, interrupted above, on joints 3 — 7, and occasionally with a faint dorsal whitish line on 2 — 4; its sides indistinctly whitish. On the terminal i of 10 is a carina, tipped with a minute slender thorn. Venter black, pale brown at base and tip. Su-pcrior abdominal appendages forcipate, about 1^ times as long as the 10th abdo- minal joint, regularly curved inwards but not at all downwards on their upper edge, obtuse at tip, and when viewed in profile expanded downwards in a reg- ular curve on their terminal \, blackish towards their tip, rather pale brown at their base, their exterior edge above except at the extreme base and tip with minute teeth directed obliquely backwards. On the middle of their inferior surface is a large laminiform tooth about l-5th as long as the appendage itself, with its sides nearly parallel and its tip obtusely convex, directed downwards and inwards and a little forwards; and behind that again is a small round tubercle, beneath which a narrow laminiform prolongation of the large lamini- form tooth sweeps round aud then extends, directed inwards and downwards, to the extreme tip of the appendage. On the upper surface of the appendage is a carina, curved inwards at its base where it terminates in a tubercle, and be- hind the large laminiform tooth turning inwards and then assuming a narrow laminate form and running with its edge parallel to that of the narrow prolon- gation of the laminiform tooth to the tip of the appendage, so that the two to- gether form a spoon-shaped cavity. Above, on the posterior base of the large laminiform tooth is a small indistinct tubercle. Inferior appendages just attain- ing the large laminiform tooth of the superiors, pale brown at base, blackish at tip, suddenly tapered near their base, thence cylindrical and terminating ob- tusely with a very robust short thorn or angle at tlieir extreme tip directed inwards and upwards, ie^fs blackish; coxae and trochanters whitish ; femora "posteriorly" whitish on their basal J with a "posterior" longitudinal row of black- ish dots, and "posteriorly" at their extreme tips whitish immaculate, the in- tervening space blackish; tibiise "superiorly" whitish except at tip. Wings hyaline; front wings with a carmine-red basal spot extending along the post- costal margin beyond the point opposite the tip of the quadrilateral, thence curving round the tip of the quadrilateral with an evanescent outline at a dis- tance of 4 — 6 cellules from it to the median sector, thence following that sector to the arc, thence following the submedian vein to the base of the wing. Com- mencing at the base of the wing 1 — ti of the first series of antecubitals, and j — 11 of the second series, and also 1 — 6 of the areolets of the basal area, are 1S68.] 225 centrally brown, those next thp base of the wing the most so. The basal spot on the hind wings is brown towards the costa, sometimes with a fine purple reflection, carmine-red towards the postcosta with the areolets centrally brown and occasionally entirely brown. It almost attains the postcostal margin to beyond the tip of the quadrilateral, then leaving the postcostal margin at a distance of i — 2 areolets curves round the tip of the quadrilateral at the distance of 4 — 8 areolets. and proceeds to the costa, its general direction perpendicular to the costa. but with a bidentate outline, the second and by far the larger of the two teeth being on the median vein; thence follows the costa to the base of the wing. Veins and cross-veins above black in both wings, except those covered by the spots which are carraino-red and the basal J of the median vein which is rufous. Beneath in both wings the basal J of the median vein is rufous, and the basal i — if of the subcostal vein, the lower | of the nodus, the origin of the no- dal sector, and very conspicuously the entire length of the jsrincipal sector, are all vellowish white: as are also in the hind wing the veins and cross-veins covered by the basal spot, those covered by the basal spot in the front wing being carmine-red as above : the other veins and cross-veins black. The tips of all i wings immaculate. Pterostigma yellowish-white, IJ — 2i times as long as wide and surmounting 1 — 1| cellules. Antecubitals 20 — 24 ; postcubitals 22 — 28. Cross-v specimens out of 36 of rupamnensu % n. sp. Hence the characters of the subgenus Hetserina must be modified, so as to assert simply that in the front wing % the postcostal area is filled with small irregular areo- lets, which is sufficient to distinguish that subgenus from the subgenus Lais, wliere " the pitstcostal space of all 4 wings S 9 ^P to opposite the tip of the quadrilateral has two regular ranks of large areolets," (Mo- nogr. p. 87.) in connection with the fact that the wings of % Lais have no basal red or brown spot, and those of % Hetcierina always have such a spot. H. texana n. sp. % . Differs from the preceding % only as follows : — l,'*^. The back of the head is green not blackish. 2nd. The large laminiform medial tooth on the superior appendage, instead of being convex at tip, is distinctly emarginate so as to appear bilobate, the anterior lobe the more prominent; and the tubercle on its superior surface is distinct. Vrrd. The median vein in both wings above and below is scarcely ru- fous on its basal J but rather carmine-red. 4th. The basal spot on the hind wing is less brown and more carmine-red; it attains the postcos- tal margin for v its length and nearly attains it the rest of its length, and its outline towards the tip of the wing is almost straight instead of being conspicuously bidentate. bth. Only in one wing is there a ptero- stigma. and there it is no longer than broad and represented only by two thickened cross-veins with the intervening space hyaline; in the other 3 wings it is represented merely by a single thickened cross-vein. Antecubitals 21. Postcubitals 20 — 21. Cross-veins of 4 basal areas 0 — 8; of 4 quadrilaterals 7 — 10. Length % 48 mill. Abd. % 37 mill. Expanse % 02 mill. Front wing % 31 mill. Hind wing S 29 mill. One 228 [October % , the head and some legs lost, received from Mr. Uhler and labelled by him as '' H. basalis Hagen, Pecos River, Texas." The coloration of the wing-veins and especially the whitishness of the principal sector below, the much smaller extent and ditterent shape of the basal wing- spots, the presence of brown in the basal spot of the front wing, and the shape of the laminiform medial tooth on S abdominal appendages. all prove that it cannot be basalts Hagen. But for the remarkable difference in % abdominal appendages, I should suppose it to be a geo- graphical race of pstiudamej-icana, although none of my 6 specimens of that species show any disposition towards irregularity in the ptero- stigma. In H. occisa and majuscula, which belong respectively to the last but three and last sub-groups of the Table, (p. 210,) there is the same occasional absence of the pterostigma, and when absent it is re- presented, just as in our insect, by a single thickened cross-vein. It will shortly be seen that in rupamnensis n. sp. the pterostigma is occa- sionally rudimentary as in the two foreign species just referred to, and occasionally has an additional cross-vein, equally robust with its bound- ing veins, as in certain specimens of the African Phaon iridipennis Burm. 9 ? Unfortunately there is no full description extant of the $ of americana. In the Monographie Say's brief description is copied, and the words " head with a yellow abbreviated line on the anterior orbits" are translated '' tete avec une bande jaune anterieure interrompue," (head with an interrupted anterior yellow-band,) whence the locality of the interrupted band becomes obscure. I have a mutilated 9 Hetae- rina sent me by Mr. Uhler, in which this short yellow line on the an- terior part of the orbit of each eye is very distinct, and is about a milli- metre long and placed just under the origin of the mandibles. This specimen agrees in most respects with Say's description of 9 americana. but is remarkable for the following peculiarities : — 1st. The wings are unusually narrow, the front wing being 80 millimetres long and only 5 millimetres broad at the nodus, while in S americana (from Mr. Uhler) the front wing is 29 millimetres long and 5^ millimetres broad at the nodus, and in the 9 pseudamericana which has the narrowest wings the front wing is 29?} millimetres long and 5^ millimetx-es wide at the nodus. 2nd. The wings are colored as in the normal 9 pseud- americana. 'drd. The pterostigma, which is white, is three times as long as wide, and three out of the four have a distinct cross-vein 1863.] 229 equally robust with the bounding veins. — As the color of the wing- veins which lie outside the region of the basal spot is not a sexual character, (^Monogr. p. 87,) and as in this 9 the median vein and prin- cipal sector are pale beneath outside the basal spot, while in %, ameri- ro)ia and hasalis they are black, it can scarcely belong to either of these two species. The yellow line on the orbit of the eye, the irregu- larity of the pterostignia, and especially the narrowness of the wings and the comparatively small number of the ranks of postcostal areolets. forbid its being confounded with 9 pseudamericana. Unless therefore it is referable to texana, the pterostigma of which is irregular also, though in a different way, it must be an undescribed species. The abdomen is lost except the first joint which has a yellowish dorsal line, but the legs prove that it belongs to the same subgroup as ameri- cana. In texana S there is no short yellow line on the anterior orbit of the eye, as in our 9 , but this is described as a sexual peculiarity of 9 amrricana by Say. The front wing, however, of % texana is 31 millimetres long and 6 millimetres wide at the nodus, and in most de- scribed Heta9rina the 9 wings are either of the same proportional width as % wings, or, as in simplex^ auripennis, hebe, longlpes^ proxima and vubierata from y'^ to nearly 1 loider. But, according to the measure- ments of the 3fonographie, the 9 wings are proportionally narrower than the S wings, in moribiinda by yL, in cruentata by i, and in tricolor by ^. Supposing this doubtful 9 to be identical with texana., the 9 wings would be nearly \ narrower in proportion than % wings. The postoccipital tubercles agree with those of texana % , but, unless my memory fails me, this doubtful 9 was labelled " Pennsylvania," not Texas, by Mr. Uhler. It only differs from 9 pseudamericajia, besides the points already mentioned, in the epistoma being narrowly bordered in front, as well as widely at the sides, with whitish, in there being no transversely double whitish spot on the prothorax, and in the thorax and legs being more dominantly whitish. Antennae except the two basal joints, both the anterior legs and abdominal joints 2 — 10 lost.* The Monographie (pp. 87, 109, 114, &c.) remarks on the great difficulty of correlating %> with 9 i" the subgenera Lais and Hetserina. Hence it is very important that when S 9 ^I's taken in coitu they should be carefully preserved Antecubitals 18. Postcubitals 21 — 22. Cross- veins of 4 median areas 4 — 6 ; of 4 quadrilaterals 5 — 6. * Respecting this doubtful 9 • see Appendix. 280 [October H. mpamnensis n. sp. % Black with a slight brassy tinge. Head with tho cpistoma. labruin, and the anterior edge of front brown, the labrum with a shining black basal spot in the middle ; mandibles and the labium au'l its lobes pale brown, sometimes brown, all black at tip. Antennse black, the second joint and the extreme base of the third varying from very pale brown to dark brown. Post-occipital tubercles conspicuous and thorn-like. Dorsum of thorax generally more or less tinged with coppery-red. occasionally wi^h creenish-brassy, the dorsal carina always black. The humeral suture with a l)road rt'ddi.sh-brown or dark-brown stripe, straddling the suture on its lower se with a broad, lateral, pale-reddish-brown stripe, occupying i of its breadth and not quite attaining the humeral suture- above; ]di'ura (il)scure pale-reddish-brown, except a broad humeral stripe strad- dling the humeral suture above, a narrow line subobsolete below in the medial suture ai;d a sh head blackish, with a lateral row of three yellow c(nitiuent sj)ots immeilialidy liehind the eyes. Prothorax black above, with its anterior and posterior lobes, two confluent spots before the {josterior lobe and a large lateral sjiot, all yellow. Dorsum of thorax with the dorsal carina yellow only from its posterior bifurcation half-way to its tip, elsewhere black. Stripes of the dorsum dull black: the median stripes confluent, not attaining the anterior margin by i a millimetre, but attaining the antealar sinus, very slightly wider in front and excurved at the extreme tip. The antehumeral broader than the median, attaining the anterior margin but tapering behind and not quite attaining the antealar sinus. The humeral in front as wide as the median, and behind wider, where it is often confluent with the antehumeral, the intervening yellow strijie being throughout very narrow. Antealar sinus black, the posterior mid- dle and the angle next the front wing yellow. Plevira of the thorax with two unabbreviated blackish stripes, one on the suture behind the spiracle and one half-way between that and the humeral suture, the intervening space dull pale-purple (lilac) in the living insect and livid in the dried specimen, and the two blackish stripes shading off gradually into the livid color. Spiracle black. Sternum pale-greenish-gray. Abdomen black, expanded % 9 on joints 7 — 9 as hifratcrnus % 9- ^'^'^ marked with yellow on the dorsum as follows : — 1, with a large quadrangular spot confluent with a small spot or dot in front, both together covering its entire length ; 2, with the usual trilobate vitta ; 3 — 7 with the usual trilobate narrow vitta tajjering to a sharp point at tip and not quite attaining the tip of each joint: 8 with a shortish triangular basal spot; 9 with a vitta, scarcely abbreviated at tip, sometimes broad, sometimes narrow, and varying much in shape; 10 with a dorsal median rhomboidal spot or dot. Laterally, joints 1, 2, 9 and 10 are yellow, 10 very narrowly so; 3 — 6 are obscurely clouded, with a less obscure basal triangle, the color of both cloud and spot in the living insect being a dull pale purple, and in the dried specimen a dull gray ; 7 with a basal triangle of the same color as 3 — 6 and a median yellow vitta; 8 with a basal yellow spot, reaching about half-way to the tip and always attaining the margin throughout, and also with a submarginal terminal yellow dot. Earlets yellow, tipped behind with minute black teeth. Venter blackish, generally yellowish at tip and sometimes at base. The abdominal appendages are black and hairy ; viewed from above the superiors are more than i as long again as the 10th abdominal, wide apart at base, slightly divari- cate, tapering rapidly and chiefly on the inner side for i their length, then very slowly for the next i, when they again taper very rapidly and chiefly on the inner side and terminate in a slender thorn. Viewed laterally, their upjier edge is perfectly straight, except that it curves very slightly downwards at their extreme base and very slightly upwards at their extreme tip ; their lower edge converges with the other edge at an angle of 45° for \ the length of the -■i^ [October apponda^'e, then suddenly diverges from it, at an angle of about 100° or 110° with its former course, till it attains \ the distance to the tip, then suddenly angles off to the tip, which is acute, in a straight line, which, at 5 of the dis- tance from the last angulation to the tip, has a slight emargination in it followed by a very small tubercle. The inferiors extend 5 as far as the superiors, and are yellowish at their origin, horizontally flattish, wider apart at base than the superiors, tapered regularly and slowly, almost at right angles to the abdomen for Jt their length, when they curve inwards and upwards and terminate in an obtuse point with a minute spine at its tip directed upwards. Legs black : fe- mora with short promiscuous spines, hind femora also with a double row of spines, gradually longer towards the tip and longest a little before the tip. Anterior femora with a "posterior" yellow vitta slightly abbreviated at base. In one immature % all the femora are yellowish except "superiorly." Knees spotted with yellow above; tibise above with a slender basal yellow vitta. In the immature % the base of the tarsal claws is pale. Wings hyaline, veins black, the costal vein conspicuously yellow in front to the tip of the pterostigma. Pterostigma ranging from dark reddish brown to very pale reddish brown in the immature % , and surmounting 3i — 4^ cells. Membranule moderate, whit- ish. Antecubitals % 9 12 — 15 ; posteubitals % 9 ^^ — ^^ > t^o discoidal areo- lets '^ 5 • always commencing with three both in front and hind wing. The 9 differs as follows: — 1st. The occiput is laterally nearly quite straight, but rises suddenly in its middle J in two confluent curves, which however are scarcely elevated above the line of the eyes. 2nd. At each end of the vesicle of the vertex, adjoining the eyes, there is a slender acute yellowish thorn, as long as the second joint of the antennae. Zrd. The double row of thorns on the hind femur has the longest ones in its middle, where they are twice as long as the longest on the % femur, itk. The basal \ of the tarsal claws, and more conspic- uously so in the hind legs, is rufous. 5th. The pterostigmais pale reddish-brown in the mature specimen. — The 9 abdominal appendages are fuscous, elongate- conical, slightly curved outwards and upwards near the tip, and terminating in a slender thorn ; the anal processes are yellow, the superior one half as long as the appendage, the inferior a little longer; the superior one semicircular, the inferior one transversely semi-oval and slit lengthways to its base. The vulvar lamina is yellowish fuscous, full half as long as the 9th ventral, and bifid fully half-way to its base, the tips curving apart horizontally nearly in a rectangle. Length % 55—59 mill. 9 57—60 mill. Expanse % 60—69 mill. 9 66—75 mill. Abd.'J,a9— tlmill. 9 41— 43 mill. Append, sup. "^ H mill. Hind femur -^ 9i—10i mill. 9 lOJ — Hi mill. Longest thorns 9 hind femur 1 mill. Front wing % 32i— 34i mill. 9 36— 36i mill.; its width % 7— 7i mill. 9 7i— 8 mill. Hind wing % 31—33 mill. 9 34—35 mill.; its width % 9— 9i mill. 9 9^—10 mill. Pterost. inf. % 3A— 4 mill. 9 4 mill. Width of 8th ventral % 9 2i mill. Three % , two 9 • — Differs from fraternus as follows : — l.s^ The ave- rage size is fully jg larger. 2nd. The 9 vertical vesicle is laterally thorned. o/v/. The median black stripe of the thoracic dorsum i» wider and the adjoining yellow stripe consequently narrower, which 1863.] • iMo gives the iusect a very lUffereut appearance. 4fh. The anterior hhick- ish stripe of the pleura is never iaterrapted or abbreviated, there is a distinct posterior blackish stripe on the pleura, and the space between the two is pale dull purple or livid instead of greenish yellow, oth. The % anal appendages are entirely different, iith. The hind femur 9 is not '' anteriorly" yellow. — From all. other allied species, except gras- lineUus Walsh, and quadriculor n. sp. (described below,) consohrinm difi'ers in the space between the 1st and 2nd pleural stripes being livid;* from (/raH/inrlfu^ the % differs in the abdominal appendages not having a large lateral rectangular tooth and the 9 ii^ having a lateral thorn to the vertical vesicle. From all allied species, excepting Isf,, externvs Hagen, of which more below, 2nd, intricatus Hagen, which is very much smaller and quite different and belongs to a different group, and 3/v/, spoliatus Hagen, it differs essentially in the shape of the % abdominal appendages. As to spoliatus, in size and in % abdo- minal appendages coiisobrinus closely resembles that species, the 9 of which is unknown, but it is separated at once, 1st, by the median and antehumeral stripes of the thorax being very wide apart and not con- nected by a black band above and below, 2nd, by the abdominal appen- dages % not being yellow at base and middle, and Brd, by the hind femora being i shorter in proportion and much less formidably spined. From dUatatus, externus, vastus and ventricosus n. sp., it differs in the tip of the abdomen not being so widely expanded — which in that group is caused by the terminal ventral segments being much wider than usual. Finally, from adelphus, dilatatus, vastus, vulgatissimus (Eu- rope), mclsenops (Japan), simillimus (Europe), Lucasii (Africa), pul- chellus (Europe), GrasUni (Europe), and fiavipes (Europe), it differs by the face being immaculate. This species singularly resembles externus (Texas) in all its measure- ments, except that it is at least one-seventeenth larger and the ptero- stigma one-sixth longer. It resembles it also in the minutest details of its coloration, even down to the % 9 tarsal claws, except that in that species the carina of the thoracic dorsum is yellow throughout, the *■ In the exotic subgenus Cyclogomphus the 1st and 2nd pleural stripes are described as confluent, and it is stated that this character is not found in any other group. i^Mon. Gomph. p. 105.) :i4() ' [Oi'i'oijKR ])leura is uot described as livid between the blackish stripes, aad its $ hind tarsi are said to be •' yellow in the middle." no traces of which color are discoverable in the tarsi of 9 connobrinus. But l.s^ extcniio; is said, when compared with frater-mis, to have " its terminal abdominal segments very much more dilated, so as always to prevent any confu- sion between the two species," and consobrinus, when placed side by side with fraternus, exactly resembles that species in the structure of its terminal abdominal segments. 'Ind. The 9 of externus is known and described, yet no mention is made of the remarkable and conspicu- ous yellowish thorns on the 9 vertex which are found in 9 conaobri- v.u^. Hrd. The posterior femora of externus Z 9 ^^® ^'^i^ ^^ have, be- sides the short promiscuous spines, " an external series of spines of which a dozen are successively longer," whereas in % 9 consobrinus there is not only an externa/, but a distinct internal series also, but slightly shorter than the external ones. ifh. Neither the description (p. 412) nor the figure (Plate 21, fig. 2) of the % abdominal ap])en- dages of externus precisely agree with those oi consobrinits ; still the differences in their structure are not fundamental. The vulvar lamina agrees exactly, and the % genitals pretty closely, so far as they are figured. G. quadricolor u. sp. % Pale green. Head with the occij^ut ciliated above with black hairs and regularly rounded in a circular arc of 45°, so as to be cut off nearly throughout by a line drawn from the top of one eye to the toj) of the other. All between the occiput and front black. Vesicle of the vertex loftily cariniform, transverse, scarcely emarginate in the middle, and curving down- wards very suddenly at the sides towards the eyes. Upper surface of the front witli a basal black band, j)arallel with its anterior edge except that it is acutely emarginate laterally at i of its entire width. Labium pale livid green, the ex- terior margin of its lateral lobes yellowish ; ))aek of the head blaekisli, but along the lateral margin of the eyes with a large, ill-defined, elongate, yellow spot. Prothorax black, with the anterior lobe and a small double spot on the posterior lobe yellow, and a double discoidal spot and a large lateral one green. Dorsum of thorax with the stripes black ; the carina green only half-way from its posterior bifurcation to its tip, elsewhere black. The two median stripes confluent, gradually wider in front, squarely truncate in front, not attaining the anterior margin by \ a millimetre, but narrowly confluent along the front of the antealar sinus with the antehumeral. The antehumerals wider, their sides parallel in front but converging behind, nearly twice as near to the me- dians behind as they are in front. The humerals as Avide as the inedians, and wider behind than in front, separated in front from the antehumerals only by a narrow green line, and confluent with tliem for a short space at | tlie distance 1868.] 247 from their tips to tiieir hase. when they diverge widely so as to leave a trian- gular green spot which almost attains the antcalar sinus. Pleura with an ill- defined pale dusky stripe in the suture behind the spiracle, and a well-defined dusky one half-way front this suture to the humeral one, the intervening space livid. The entire space between this last stripe and the humeral one greenish yellow, yellowish above and below. Spiracle black. Sternum dull greenish gray behind. Antealar sinus black on its anterior A : origin of wings black: meta- atid mesothoracic scutels vivid yellow. Abdomen black, with joints 7 — 9 moderately expanded as in /rater nus, and 9 a trifle longer than 8. Joint 1 is entirely green except a hairy black stripe extending from the lateral tip of its dorsum nearly to the centre of the dorsum; 2 is laterally pale-green with some irregular yel- low freckles, with the usual trilobate dorsal vitta which is pale-green. Along the middle of tliis vitta, as well as the middle of joint 1, extends a longitudinal very irregular, vivid yellow line, alternately contracting and expanding and throwing off lateral fine yellow lines. The remaining joints are marked dorsally as follows with greenish yellow : — 3 has the usual narrow, pointed, trilobate, vitta scarcely attaining the tip, and 4 — 7 a narrow pointed vitta reaching only i of the way to the tip, with rudiments of a short basal vitta on 8. Later- ally 3 — 7 have an obscure yellow triangular basal spot. 8 and 9 are submargi- nally yellow except at base and tip ; the terminal t of the margin of 8 and the whole of the margin of 9 are also yellow; and 10 has an obscure yellowish cloud along its lateral margin. Earlets green with very minute black teeth ; venter blackish. Abdominal appendages black and hairy, the superiors J longer than the 10th abdominal joint, wide apart at base and moderately divaricate, the inferiors i shorter than the superiors, still wider apart at base and still more widely divaricate than the superiors. Viewed laterally from above at an angle of 45° to the perpendicular, the superior appendage which is next the eye is regularly tapered, except that it is trumpet shaped and much expanded on its basal i especially on the inside, and lias its extreme tip suddenly con- tracted on the outer side and terminating in a small acute thorn. The appen- dage furthest from the eye, from the same point of view, has its upper edge sinuate for i its length in two exceedingly gentle curves, the first twice as long as the second, when the appendage turns slightly upwards in the form of a straight, fusifijrni, robust, acute thorn occupying the other i of its length. From the same point of view, the lower edge of the same appendage for i its length diverges from the upper edge in a very gentle concave curve till it is twice as far from it as it was at base, when it turns suddenly ujiwards in a direction at right angles to the upper edge till it has travelled full i of the way to it, thereby forming an acutely angular tooth, and then runs in a very gentle curve, whose convexity is downwards, to the base of the terminal ftisiform tooth. The infe- rior appendages are rounded below, flat above, but slightly tapering, and with their upper edge perfectly straight till they attain their utmost limit, when the extreme tip which is obtuse turns upwards in the form of a small robust thorn. Legs black, the anterior femora and trochanters with a "posterior" pale green vitta. Wings hyaline, slightly flavescent at base; veins black, the costal vein pale green in front as far as the pterostigma : pterostigma dark red- 248 [October dish brown, surmounting 3 — i cells ; membranules rather small, whitish ; angle of hind wings very acute. Antecubitals 13; postcubitals 10 — 12; two discoidal areolcts commencing with 2, in one hind wing with 3. Length % 45.V mill. Exp. '^55 mill. Abd. -J, 33 mill. Front wing '^ 27 mill. Hind wing % 2oh mill. Hind femur % 61 mill. Pterost. infer. % 2i mill. One S ; 9 unknown. There are four distinct colors in this insect, viz.: black, lilac, green and yellow, whence the specific name. The contrast between the green, which is almost bluish-green, and the bright vivid yellow is very striking, and the details were most of them noted from the living insect. The contrast is just as apparent in the dried specimen. In vastus % $ there is a somewhat similar contrast, which I did not notice in my description, the meso- and metathoracic scutels being yellow more or less bright and the thoracic notum green- ish yellow ; and in one specimen there is a bright yellow spot on the greenish-yellow dorsal vitta of the 2nd abdominal. This elegant little species can be confounded with no allied U. S. species but (idelphus Selys, owing to its minute size ; and it differs from adelphus \st, in the face being immaculate. 2nd, In the occiput not being " blackish" be- hind, 'ird, In the back of the head not being blackish immaculate. Xth, In having no black spot behind the coxae of the hind legs. 5^/t, In the sides of abdominal joints 8 and 9 not being black, immaculate. G^A, The superior abdominal appendages of adelphus are described as having their tooth spring from the outside edge of their inferior sur- face and point downwards, whereas in quadricolor it springs from the inside edge and points obliquely inwards at an angle of 45°. 1th, Al- though quadricolor is ^^ larger than adelphus, its posterior femur is i shorter, ^tli. The femora of adelphus are immaculate, except a yellow point at the knee ; those of quadricolor are immaculate except that the anterior femora and trochanters are posteriorly yellow. — Of the foreign allied species it is separated at once from vulgatissimus, simil- limus, pulchellas, graslini and flavipes, all 5 of Europe, and from me- Isenops (Japan), and Lwiasii (Africa), by its face being immaculate. From a closely allied species (length 48 mill.) inhabiting the Kurile Islands, south of Kamtschatka, of which only a single specimen in bad condition is known to exist, G. kurilis, it differs as follows : \st, Kurilis has the occiput " almost straight," and what is singular '■ not ciliated." Ind, The dorsal abdominal vitta of kurilis is continuous on joints 4 — 7, in quadricolor it is widely interrupted at the tip in joints 1,^68.] -'4!i 4 — 7. or(/. In kurilis the lejjs are '-all black." 4fh, The % abdomi- nal appendages are entirely different. G. ventricosus n. sp. % Greenish yellow. Head with the occiput striiight, except laterally, and in the exact line of the eyes, fringed with black hairs. All between the occiput and front black ; tip of the first joint of antennre whit- ish. Vesicle of vertex straight, transverse, cariniform, suddenly rounded ofi' at the sides. Upper surface of the front with a very narrow basal black fascia. Central lobe of labium blackish. Back part of head blackish, laterally yellow immediately behind the eyes. Prothorax black above, with the anterior and posterior lobes, a double spot before the posterior lobe and also a lateral spot, all greenish yellow. Dorsum of thorax with its stripes deep black, as in vastus ; the dorsal carina yellow from its bifurcation almost to its extreme tip, else- where black. The median stripes confluent, scarcely wider in front, obliquely truncate at tip so that their extreme tij:) just attains the tip of the carina, nar- rowly confluent behind along the antealar sinus with the humeral. The hume- rals confluent throughout with the antehumerals except in front for k their length, where the separating yellow line is very narrow, and except also that the hind end of the antehumeral separates itself from the two united strijies in the form of a large triangular black tooth which does not attain the antealar sinus by one millimetre. The two united stripes are nearly twice as wide as the united medians and are unabbreviated. Antealar sinus black, yellowish on the middle 5 of its posterior half; origin of wings blackish; meso- and metathora- cic scutels a vivid yellow. Sternum pale dull green, behind dull greenish gray. Pleura with a narrow dusky stripe midway between the humeral suture and that behind the spiracle, which stripe does not ascend towards the wing beyond the spiracle; spiracle blackish. Abdomen black, joints 7 — 9 greatly di- lated and widely margined, esjjecially 8, precisely as in G. vastus; joint 1 late- rally pale dull green and with a large obtrigonate dorsal pale green spot not quite attaining the base and tip; 2 laterally pale dull green and with the usual trilobate dorsal vitta, which is pale green with a central, unabbreviated longi- tudinal, yellow line. The remaining joints are marked on the dorsum with greenish-yellow as follows: — 3—6 with the normal trilobate vitta, a little wider than usual, not very acute at tip, and just attaining the subterminal short spines of each joint; 7 with a lanceolate very acute vitta extending § of the way to the tip, and also with the narrow annulus behind the subterminal spines yellowish. Laterally 3 — 6 have a basal triangular spot, much larger on 3, and a faint marginal vitta, all obscure greenish yellow ; 7 has the same basal tri- angle, and also confluent with the triangle an irregular median yellow spot, which leaves the terminal i of the expanded margin of the joint black; 8 has a large unabbreviated yellow vitta which leaves the expanded margin black, and 9 has a narrower unabbreviated vitta, which, as well as the margin, is yel- low. Earlets anteriorly shining black, posteriorly with small black thorns. Venter blackish. Abdominal appendages black and hairy. Viewed from above the superiors are wide apart at base, twice as long as the last abdominal joint, slender, conical, but slightly divaricate, straight, tapering to a long acute point, 250 [October the outer side witli an attenuated marjjin (or flange) which is narrow to i their length and then expands slowly and gradually as far as ^ their length, when it is suddenly contracted to i its width, so as to form an angular tooth, and tapers out at i their length. Viewed laterally the superiors taper rapidly on their basal i and afterwards very slowly: and they curve downwards, their lower edge describing a circular are of 45° for 4-5ths their entire length, then suddenly become straight and taper to a very fine, long, acute point. At the change in the curvature there is an elongate inferior tubercle, truncate for its whole length in a direction parallel with the straight terminal portion of the appendage, and about l-7th or l-8th as long as the appendage itself. The in- feriors are J as long as the superiors, as wide apart at base as they are and more divaricate, obliquely but almost vertically flattish, rapidly tapered when viewed flatways, very slowly tapered when viewed edgeways, their inside sur- face a little excavated, their outer surface a little rounded, straight for § their length, when they curve inwards and upwards in a quadrant and terminate in a robust cone with a very minute thorn at tip directed upwards. Legs black ; anterior femora with a "posterior" pale green vitta. Wings hyaline, scarcely flavescent at base ; veins black, the costal vein greenish yellow in front to the pterostigma: pterostignia dark brown, surmounting 3i— 4 cells; membranules moderate, whitish. Antecubitals 11 ; postcubitals 10. Two discoidal areolets, commencing with 3 in both wings. Length % 48 mill. Expanse % 57 mill. Al)d. % 34.V mill. Siip. wing % 30i mill. Inf. wing ^291 mill. Pterost. inf. '^ 3 mill. Post, femur -^ 8 mill. Ap- pend, suj). % l\ mill. Width of 8th ventral % 3i mill. One % ; 9 unknown. In measuring the width of the 8th ventral in (romphus care should be taken not to include the spiracle-bearing membrane which connects what may be called the " sternum" or cen- tral piece of the venter with the attenuated margin or " pleura" of the dorsum. In Odonata the abdominal spiracles are situated in this mem- brane, generally close to the ■' sternum," and are generally very small and not easily seen except by inflating the abdomen ; which individual Gromphus sometimes do of their own free will in the interval between their capture and their death. The subfamily Gomphina, which has the tip of abd. % more or less dilated, is remarkable for the spiracle of the 8th ventral being larger than the others and very conspicuous. Just so Dytiscus in Coleoptera, who has a habit of sticking his anus out of the water to draw his breath, has his anal spiracle much larger than the others. In vantua and ventn'cosus and probably in the other two spe- cies belonging to this group, this spiracle on the 8th ventral is situated rather further from the ventral "sternum" than in other Gomphns. Ventricosm is readily distinguishable from all allied Gromphus but ililatatus, cxternus and vastus by the terminal abdominal joints being 1863.] 251 very widely distended, joint S expanding 6^ mill, in consequence of the unusual width of the terminal ventrals. From diiatatun it is at once separated by the much larger size of that species, the total length of which is 72 mill, and that of the superior wing 41 mill., and also by the face of dilatatu^ being fasciate with black. — From externus it diflPers as follows : — IsL The stripes of the thoracic dorsum are deep black, as in vastus, not '' brown." 2u(L The humeral and antehume- ral are confluent nearly throughout; in externus they are not conflu- ent at all. ord. The posterior pleural stripe is absent and the anterior one abbreviated above, nearly as in fratcrnus; in externus both stripes are present and unabbreviated. 4//i. Abdominal joints 8 — 10 ai-e dor- sally immaculate; in externus they are distinctly vittate with greenish yellow, bth. The earlets are widely tipped with black as in vastus; in externus they are immaculate with fine black teeth. 6^/i. The pos- terior femur is only \ of the total length of the body ; in externus it is nearly i. — Finally, although at first sight it would easily be con- founded with vastus, it difiiers from that species as follows : — Is^. The size is smaller, the smallest specimen of 6 S vastus now before me be- ing 52i mill, long, sup. wing 32i mill. Out of eleven % vastus measured by me in 1862, the length only varied from 53 — 55 mill., and three $ the same. 27id. The fiice is immaculate ; in vastus the face (if we include the labrum) is trifasciate with black. Srd. It has one long yellow spot behind the eye ; vastus has two small ones which are never con- fluent. 4:th. The median thoracic stripe is rather narrow, its sides are parallel and it is obliquely truncate at tip, the obtuse angle outwards ; in vastus (11 S 9 ^P'^cimens) the median thoracic stripe is wider, dis- tinctly obcuneiform, and obliquely truncate at tip, the acute angle out- wards, except in a single % where it is squarely truncate and scarcely obcuneiform. bth. The humeral and antehumeral are confluent for a long space ; in vastus never at all. 6^/i. It has only one pleural stripe, and that abbreviated on its upper half; vastus has two, never abbre- viated, though the anterior one is sometimes interrupted for a short space. 7th. The dorsal vitta of abdominal joints 3 — 6 is scarcely ab- breviated at tip ; in vastus it is greatly abbreviated. Sth. In vastus there is a small inferior thorn near the tip of the superior abdominal appendage % ; in ventricosus this thorn becomes a long truncate tu- bercle. In ventricosus there is a distinct lateral flange on the outside 252 [October of this appendage ; in vastus there are slight rudiments only of such a flange, which I omitted to mention in my description, for the sake of brevity. G- FLUViALis Walsh, and O. amnicola Walsh. I ought to have stated as one of the sexual distinctions of these two closely allied spe- cies, that the terminal joints of the 9 abdomen are not nearly as much dilated as in % — in fact scarcely dilated at all. In the % the ter- minal joints are dilated about | as much as in G. fraternus. In this respect these two species differ from the characters of the group palli- dus (Selys,) which is the only one to which they can with any propriety be referred, and which is stated have the terminal joints { % 9 ?) '• very little dilated." (Mon. Gomph. p. 118.) They differ also in the S ab- dominal appendages not being -yellowish," but brown-black or black. They are likewise unlike '■' pnllidus and certain allied species" in the S not having its femora " very hairy," but on the contrary destitute of any but a few scattering basal hairs which are also found in 9 . Pro- bably they form a distinct group. Of the great genus Gomphus there are now no less than 86 described species, including the three described above and the six described in my former Paper on Pseudoneuroptera. Of these 86 no less than 36 occur in North America, and at least 26 and perhaps 80 within the limits of the United States. Messrs. Selys and Hagen have divided this G-enus into 16 subgenera, six of which are found in America, either North or South, and five within the limits of the United States. The following Synoptical Table expresses as briefly as possible the structural relations of these six American subgenera. In giving more weight to structure and less to coloration I have deviated from the path travelled by M. Selys in his Analytical Table of the whole num- ber of Subgenera. (Mon. Gomph. p. 14.) 1863.] 263 G. GOMPHUS AND ITS AMERICAN SUBGENERA. Subgenera. Inferior % abdoini n a 1 appendages not divari- cate. Inferior % abdoini na 1 appendages widely di- varicate. Stripes of the thoracic dorsum more or less ] obsolete; legs short; occiput % 9 un- ;- Erpetogomphus. * armed. I Stripes of the thoracic dorsum distinct; less lonsr ; occiput %, unarmed, occiput I 9 with large horns. Ophiogomphus.* Internal vein of the j)terostig- ma not prolon- ged : vesicle of the vertex se- mi-circular. Internal vein of the pterostig- ma prolonged as usual ; vesi- cle of the ver- tex straight or nearlv so. Abdominal joint 9 at least J as long again as 8; 10 very short, from i — J of 9. Ear- lets 9 subobsolete as usual. Abdominal joint 9 a- bout equal to 8 ; 10 about half as long as 9. Earlets of J as large as they com- monly are in % Gom- phina. Abdominal joint 9 a- bout equal to S ; 10 half as long as 9 or less. Abdomen with joints S 8—10 gradually di- • minishing in length. J j Macrogomphds. t Epigomphus. J I J GOMPHUS. Neogomphus. * These two subgenera were originally united under Ophiogomphus by M. Se- lys. I retain them as separate in deference to his high authority, but I can perceive no distinguishing characters that are not rather of specific than of subgeneric value. To consider the characters laid down by Messrs. Selys and Hagen in detail :—ls<. The difference in the thoracic stripes. If species with the normal thoracic stripes subobsolete are to be placed on that account in a sepa- rate subgenus from those with the normal thoracic stripes distinct, surely those with the normal thoracic stripes entirely absent ought also to be placed in a separate subgenus. Now Mr. Selys himself refers to Erpetogomphus a species (boa) with the thorax immaculate; (Addit. Synops. Gomph. p. 11,) and I have described another one (rupinsulensis,) which also has the thorax immaculate. 2nd. The different length of the legs. Calculating from M. Selys' own measure- ments, in Srp. crotalinus % the hind wing is 4.28 of the hind femur, while in Oph. colubrinus % and Oph. serpentinus % the hind wing is respectively 4.21 and 4.20 of the hind femur — the difierence in this respect between the two sub- genera being as small as it well could be. It is possible, however, that the tibiae in Ophiogomphus may be disproportionately elongated, so that the entire hind leg may be relatively to Erpetogomphus much longer, instead of being subequal as we should infer from the subequality of the hind femora. But even allowing that the legs of all known Erpetogomphus are short, and those of all known Ophiogomphus long, the enormous and yet very gradual difference in the length of the hind femur between the difierent species of the Subgenus -54 [October cordulia. C.I molesta u. sp. 9 Pale dull brownish olive, both in the living and in the dried specimen; almost immaculate. Head pilose; antennal seta brown : mouth and all beneath paler : behind the tubercle of the eyes some obscure yellow marking.s. Thorax pilose : dorsum of thorax with a much darker broad dorsal stripe, shading off into the ground-color half-way to the humeral suture: dor- sal carina yellowish. Pleura with a yellowish strij)e on the spiracle, obsolete Gomphus, seems to indicate that in the entire genus Gomphus the length of the legs is a character not of subgeneric. but merely of specific value. For exam- ple, calculating from M. Selys' own measurements, in G. dorsalis % the hind wing is 4.60 of the hind femur, in intricatus % 4..')S. in simillimus % 4.51. in pul- chellus '^4.3.3, in Hindus % 4.13, in graslini 'J, 4.06. in pilipes % 3.94, in flavipes % and militaris % 3.93. in occipitalis % and Kurilis % 3.87, in vulgatissimus % 3.86. in spicatus % 3.85, in me/cenops % 3.80, in minutus % 3.73, in adelphus % 3.33. in dilatatus "J, 3.20, in fraternus % 3.11, in spinosus % and armatus 'J, . which are grouped separately from all the others except spoliatus as having " excessivelv long hind femora," no less than 3.04 or only .07 less than fraternus % ! and finally in externus % 3.00 and in spoliatus % 2.80, the last species but one being grouped as having "hind femora of the ordinary length." and yet actually having the longest hind femora of any of them, with the single exception of spoliatus .' — 3rrf. As to the character drawn from the very remarkable armature of the 9 occiput in Ophiogomphus, {Mon. Gomph. Plate V. fig. 2. h). M. Selys himself, in the earlier part of his great work, laid it down as one of the cha- racters of the subgenus Macrogomphus, that the 9 " had a protuberance on the middle of the occiput," (p. 87,) but he subsequently allowed that "this character was only a specific one." (p. 428.) Are not the horns of the occiput in 9 Ophiogomphus likewise only of specific value? We see that in the foreign subgenus Onychogomphus one species (Cerastes) has horns on the 9 occiput (Mon. Gomph. Plate IV. fig. 2, b.) ; yet it is not on that account placed by M. Selys in a different subgenus from the other 13 species which have no occipital horns. — ith. Considerable stress is laid, especially by Dr. Hagen, upon the fact that Ophiogomphus has a tooth upon the second joint of the penis, while Erpe- togomphus has none. But the most recent researches of Dr. Hagen have shown that some species of the foreign subgenus Onychogomphus have this tooth and some have not. (Mon. Gomph. p. 429.) It would seem, therefore, that neither can this character be of subgeneric value in Gomphus. — bth. It is said that the vesicle of the vertex is divided into two tubercles in Erpetogomphus. and is simple and normal in Ophiogomphus. But my I^rpetogomphus rupinsulensis has the vertical vesicle "scarcely emarginate." — &th. The comparative length of the two terminal abdominal joints is not, in reality, sufficiently different in in the two subgenera to be relied on as a distinguishing character. M. Selys stated originally that in Erpetogomphus % 9 the 10th Joint was equal to the 9th. (Mon. Gomph., table, p. 14 and p. 69.) In his latest word on the subject he says that in Erpetogomphus % the 10th joint is equal to the 9th, but that 1S63.] 255 when il reachos lialf-way to tlienotum: under and rather behind the front wing, at lilt' iii)|)or hind corner of the anterior pleural segment, a large, ill- defined, roundish, yellowish spot, in the same line with the yellow stripe. ,46- domen. long, robust, inflated at base, gradually contracted to the tij), with the hind edge of joints 2—5 narrowly yellow: venter brown. Abdominal appendages tipped with l)lackish. pilose. Viewed from above they are cylindrical, slightly contracted towards their base, slightly bent outwards at h tlie way to their tips, in Erpetogomphus 9 "8^10 diminish successively in length," how much not being specified. (Mon. Gomph. p. 401.) In my Erp. rupinsiilensis %, on the most careful measurement. 8— 10 are respectively 3i, 23 and 2 millimetres long, thus making joint 9 three-eighths a.'i long again as 10 in % Erpetogomphus. whereas, according to M. Selys, joint 9 in % Erpetogomphus is equal to 10. On the other hand, although M. Selys says that in Ophiogomphus "10 is half as long as 9." yet on measuring the % % of the two species of Ophiogomphus fig- ured bv Dr. Hagen. we find joints 9 and 10 to average respectively 7'^ and 4.i millimetres. The difference between these proportions and those fotmd in my % Erpetogomphus is scarcely sufficient to afford a character of much suligeiie- ric importance. If joint 9 in % Ojdiiogomphus was proportioned to 10 as it is in my % Erpetogomphus, it would Tneasure a small fraction over oi instead of 7i millimetres: and if joint 9 in my % Erpetogomphus was proportioned to 10 as it is in % Ophiogomphus, it would measure a small fraction over 3i instead of 2} millimetres. Such differences are practically worthless, as subgeneric cha- racters. After the above was in the hands of the printer, I received from Mr. A. S. Packard, jun., of the State of Maine, the following brief description of the 9 •'* what is evidently an undescribed species of Ophiogomphus. Mr. Uhler had previously informed me that he had received from the same source an unde- scribed Ophiogomphus, which, so far as he recollected, was %. It will be no- ticed that it agrees with Ophiogomphus Selys, in the armature of 9 occiput, and with Erpetogomphus Selys, in the thorax being chiefly green and in the vesicle of the vertex being divided into two tubercles. In the "Additions and Correc- tions" to the Monographie. however, M. Selys himself modifies the characters of Erpetogomphus by saying that "the six stripes of the front of the thorax may be pretty wide and blackish," (p. 431.) On the other hand the hind wing in 9 of this species is 5.71 of the hind femur, according to Mr. Packard, while, ac- cording to the Monographie in Ophiogomj)hus scrpcntinus 9 it is 3.88 of the hind femur. In Erpetogomphus crotalinus 9 • according to the measurements of the Monographie, it is 4.14, in E. designatus 9 5.58. and in E. compositus 9 6.00, or in the average of the three species 5.24, thus making the average hind femur of 9 Erpetogomphus considerable longer, instead of shorter, than it is in this new species of Ophiogomphu.s. These additional facts prove, I think, conclusively that the subgenus Erpetogomphus must be suppressed. Ophiogomphus mainensis Packard, u. sp. " 9 'Treen varied with Itrown. Front of the head green, pale and whitish in the neighborhood of the mouth. Vesicle of the vertex divided by a medial impressed line into two K.w tuliercles, 256 [October about 4.5 times as long as wide, and at s the way to their tips gradually taper- ing to a point which at the extreme tip becomes a small slender thorn. Viewed laterally, they are perfectly straight, slightly contracted towards their base and tapering towards their tips as before described. Superior anal process short, semicircular; the inferior larger but not extending further than the superior, triangularly slit to its base lengthways, very pilose and brownish. Vulvar lami- and above somewhat cariniform. Occiput with two large transversely arranged tubercles behind, the bases of which occupy nearly the whole of its posterior surface, and which terminate each in a single sharp spine inclining a little forwards and surmounting its superior edge by a space equal to about one-fifth of its entire breadth, the two spines converging at an angle of about 60°, so as almost to touch at their extreme tips. Thorax mostly green, with brown lines and spots. The abdomen is very clavate, with segments 8 and 9 much dilated, 8 as broad as long, 10 one-half as long as 9, and it is of a dark color, with lateral, rather large, yellowish-brown or snuff-colored patches. Lega black. Total length 1.80 inch [4(5 mill.] Front wing 1.2.i inch [32 mill.] Hind wing 1.20 inch [.31 mill.] Hind femur .21 inch [oi mill.] Hind tibia .15 inch [HJ mill.] Hind tarsus .11 inch [2i mill.] Breadth of head .30 inch [8 mill.] One9. Common in the northern part of the State of Maine." t The existence of the Asiatic subgenus Macrogomphus in North America rests solely upon my authority. The insect referred by me to that subgenus (M. spiniceps 9 pp- 389 — 391) differs from the subgeneric characters laid down in the Monographie in a few unimportant points which I have specified, and two of which may now be erased from the list, for the following reasons : — l.s-^ When M. Selys stated that Macrogomphus has two subobsolete pale stripes on the dorsum of the thorax, I carelessly misunderstood him to mean two on each side of the dorsum. My species has the nuinljer assigned by him to the subge- nus, viz. one on each side of the dorsum or two in all. 2nd. I have already mentioned tliat the subgeneric character drawn frona the j)rotuberance on the middle of the 9 occiput was subsequently allowed by M. Selys himself to be only of specific value. I notice on the abdomen of certain specimens of 3/eso<^c;n.is simplicicollis Say, and of Perithemis Domitia Drury, irregular vein-like dark branches, very simi- lar to those which I have recorded (p. 390) as found on the thorax of my unique Macrogomphus 9 • This of course confirms the opinion expressed by me (p. 383) that such markings are not markings of external coloration, but connected witli the internal anatomy of the insect. + The only known species of Epigomphus occurs in Brazil. The % is un- known : but as the species agrees with Macrogomphus in the two very remark- able structural characters which I liave given under the 2nd division in the Table, I have ventured to place it in tlie same category, though it is possible that its inferior abdominal appendages may not be divaricate. M. Selys seems more inclined to refer it to the same division as Neogomphus, though he places it in the body of his book immediately before Macrogomphus. 1863.] -'•'>T na scarcelj'- I-9thas long as the 9th ventral, very wide, emarginate at tip in the form of a circular arc 45° long, tlie eniargiuatiou almost attaining its base. Lcy.'i rather paler than the body; tibiae with a superior yellow vitta ; tarsal claws obfuscated. All four loings hyaline and marked alike, their extreme tips slightlv clouded with fuscous, their veins black except the costal vein which is j)ale-reddish-brown, and the subcostal and median veins which are lirown. The pterostigma, a square spot u2)on each of the second series of antecubitals narrower towards the nodus in tlie front wing, and a large irregular spot upon the nodus, all })ale-reddish-brown. Both membranules white at base, fuscous at tlieir extreme tip. Front wing, antecubitals 7. postcubitals 8 ; hind wing antecul)itals 5. postcubitals 8. Discoidal areolets both before and behind 2 — '.',. commencing always with 3. Total lengtli including apjiendages 5:5 mill. Exp. 74 mill. Abd. nOi mill. Abd. appendages 2i mill. Front wing .37i mill. Its breadth lu mill. Hind wing 38 mill., its breadtli 1.3 mill. Hind femur IW, mill. Width of head 8i mill. One mature $ only. Easily separated from all described N. A. Cor- dulia by the spots on the second series of antecubitals, which are sud- denly darker on their basal and terminal edges so as to appear to be bounded by cross-veins. It is with some misgivings that, in the absence of the S , I refer the above unique 9 to Cordulia, although it agrees in its general ap- pearance with the two species of that genus which I possess, and has the same short yellow pleural stripe enclosing the spiracle as C. late- ralis, while its antecubitals and postcubitals are respectively 7 and 8, and those of C. alhicincta 7 — 8 and 7 — 8. It seems to be per- fectly congeneric with my two species, except that the color is nut '• brassy-green," but the exact shade of olive found in Memthfrnis cor- rupta Hagen, and the vulvar lamina, instead of being very long, cleft nearly to its base, and almost attaining the tip of joint 10, is unusually short as in Macromia. It cannot however be referred to Macromia nor to Didymops, because the tarsal claws are normal and not equally bifid, nor to Tetragoneuria, Selys, (a genus which I do not know,) for the reticulation is not more dense than usual, neither are the cellules generally square as the name (Tetraelongs to Cordulina. because the posterior edge of the eyes is conspicuously tubercled. To prevent misconception it may be stated here, that in all my measurements of the Odonatous body and abdomen the abdominal a]:>- ])endages are included, and that the width of the wings is measured, unless otherwise specified, at the widest place. The character given on page 141 of the Synopsis to separate the suhfaniily Libellulina from the subfamily Cordulina, ••beginning of the 2nd .series of postcubital spaces with no transverse veins." should be stricken out and appended to the characters of the Tribe ]jibellulina, p. 182, for it is common to both subfiimilies, Cordulina as well as Libellulina. The following Synoptical Table, compiled chiefly from scattered passages in the Monofjraphie des Gomphines. Mon. des Cn- lopt. and the Synopsis N. A. Xeur., briefly expresses the more obvi- ous relations of the six subfamilies of the great Family Odonata. I have retained the .systematic nomenclature employed by Dr. Hagen in the Synopsis for the sake of uniformity, though I agree with Leach in considering Odonata to form two di.stinct families, Agrionidas and Li- bellulidjie — as it certainly must if we accept Prof. Agassiz's definition of the term ••family" — the former including Dr. Hagen's subfamilies Calopterygina and Agrionina, and the latter his remaining four sub- families. In the Monoyraphie. on the other hand, Messrs. Selys and Hagen consider Odonata not as a family^ but as a suborder, and Leach's two families they call tribes, and divide them into the three families Asrrionidie, yEschnidaj and Libellulidjie. which are again dichotomouslv divided into the same six subfamilies defined in the Synopsis by Dr. Hagen, except that instead of the termination ina they employ inix to designate the subfamily, as does also Prof. Baird in his work 1 S63.] 250 on N. A. Ornithology. (Man. (\ilupt. pp. 1. 2. and Man. (lumph. pp. 1.2.) Here we may remark that, although the old established divisions (if Kingdom. Sub-Kingdom (or Branch as Agassiz calls it, ) Class, Order. Family, Genus and Species are employed by all modern Naturalists in same relative subordination, and have been beautifully and ingeniously defined by Agassiz, yet the term '' Tribe" is used in very different senses by different modern systematists. For example. Dr. Hagen. as we s!iw above, considers the '"Tribe" as intermediate between the ••p\imily" and the ".Subfamily"; the authors of the Monographic and Prof. Baird consider it as intermediate between the "Suborder" and the •' Family"; and modern Coleopterists consider it as intermediate be- tween the "Subfamily" and the '"Genus." (Leconte Introd. Class. Qo\idi)\). passim.') It is very desirable that the meaning of this and sim- ilarly indefinite terms should be settled with precision, and also that some peculiar termination should be adopted universally for every sys- tematic subdivision. Probably this could only be effected by the action of a Scientific Congress. Individual authors. Prof. Baird for example, are already aiming at it, but there is a lack of unanimity amongst them. Without some such technical assistance it is every day becoming more impossible for the human memory to grasp the infinite multiplicity of modern scientific analysis. When Dr. Hagen. for example speaks sim- ply of Agrionina. who is to tell, except by guessing from the context, whether he means the trihe Agrionina or the subfamily Agrionina ? And so in Coleoptera, when Dr. LeConte speaks simply of Carabid*. who is to tell, with the requisite scientific precision, whether t\\Q famili/ Carabidte or the subfamily Carabidae is referred to ? SYNOPTICAL TABLE OF THE SUBFAMILIES OF THE FAMILY ODONATA. SUBFAMILIES 1st Tribe. AG RIONINA. Wings alike vertically fol- ■[ ded in repose. (Eyes remote and pedunc- led.) ' Antecubital cross-veins numerous, at least five in number. (Wings almost always S- 1. Calopterygina. not petiolated.) Antecubital cross-veins two only. (Wings i .> » always distinctly petiolated.) ' *" - - ■ . 2()0 [October H i n il \v i n g s d i ff e r e n 1 1 y shaped from front wings; all 4 wings carried hori- zontally in repose. 2nd Tribe. ^SCHNINA.* Antecubitals of the 1st & 2nd series not cor- responding ex- cept at base. Base of the2>irf series of post- cubitals with cross-veins. 3rd Tribe. LI- BELLULINA. Antecubitals of the 1st &, 2nd series corres- ponding. Base of the second series of post- cubitals with Eyes % 9 remote, or touching at a single i)(nnt{Cordu- legaster), the touch- ing part of each forming an acute angle. Eyes '^ 9 touching for a considerable space, the touching part straight, or at a single point (JSschna heros), the touching part roun- ded in a regular curve. Each eye laterally tubercled behind. no cross-veins. { eye simple, 3. GOMPHINA. 4. ^SCHNINA. 5. CORDITLIXA. Posterior edge of each 6. LlBELLL'LINA. M. Selys says that the character drawn from the arrangement of the eyes " is the only one which effectually separates Gom- phina from ^schnina;" (Mori. Gomph. p. 4) and in separating these two tribes, (p. 2) he defines Gomphina as "having the eyes remote one from the other or touching only in a single point (par uu point seulemenf,)" though under the genus Cordulegaster he adds that the eyes of that genus are ''transverse." (Mon. Gomph. Table p. 310.) After intimating that in ^5i]schna the eyes do also touch, he winds up by suggesting that '"we should not consider this character in too criti- cal a manner (d'une mani^re trop minutieuse)." So strongly had the difficulty of separating ^schnina from Gomphina been felt, that Bur- * M. Selys lays down as a character of the family ^schnidse, that '• tlie di;^- coidal trinngles of all four wings are constructed in an analogous manner"; {Mon. Gomph. p. 2), and Dr. Hagen states of his 2nd Tribe ^schnina ( -.^scli- nidse Selys) that "the triangles of all the wings are of the same form." {S^- nops. p. 98.) There are exceptions to this rule in Gomphina. In the genera Oomphoides, Chlorogoniphus, Petalura and Phenes, tlie triangles of the hind wings are quite dissimilar to those of the front wings. {Mon. Gomph. Plate 23 Ac.) In all Libellulina known to me the triangles of the hind wings are either dissimilar, or dissimilarly situated to those of the front wings. (Sec Hag. Synops. p. 132.) ^ms.] 2()i meistev and Vander Linden actually annexed the tronl)lesome ^ [OCTOBKR r rather think the latter, as the 9 abdomen is distinctly 8-jointed. It is opaque black, not shining black like the piece behind it. In 9 the dorsal and ventral pieces of the 8th or terminal joint of the abdomen are separated by an opening, which, when viewed in pro- file, is obtrigonate. the dorsal piece being very large and somewhat py- riform, the large end at the tip, and more than twice as long as the ventral, and the ventral being triangular. Viewed from below the 8th ventral is semicircular, and split lengthways to its base. The species occurs near Rock Island plentifully, but only on the banks of the Mississippi. SMis nmericana, on the other hand, occurs more sparingly, and exclusively on the banks of Rock River, the two rivers being only 2 or 3 miles apart. Note 26, p. 181. Chauliodes lunatus Hag., and serricornis Say. The "inferior appendage" spoken of by Dr. Hagen is not, unless I mistake, the homologue of the true inferior appendages but of the lobe attached to the tip of the penultimate ventral joint in % Sialis. (See fig. B, b.) It exists just as he describes it in lunatus, in a spe- cimen of that species sent to me by Mr. Uhler, the sex of which how- ever is uncertain because it has lost its antennae, but is manifestly at- tached to the penultimate ventral. Throughout Neuroptera, Pseudo- neuroptera and Orthoptera the true % inferior appendages, whether sol- dered together as in the Tribes ^Esehnina and Libellulina, or free and prehensile as in the tribe Agrionina, are always, when they exist at all. placed behind the last ventral. In my % specimen of C. rastricornl» this appendage has apparently been obliterated by stuffing the abdo- men with cotton. If we refer to the closely allied genus Corydalis, we shall find that the true inferior % appendages are two in number, wide apart, long, forcipate, and freely moveable as in Agrionina, though they are anomalous in being attached not to the sternal piece of the venter but to what may be called the pleura of the last abdominal joint, which is separated from the dorsal piece of that joint by an indistinct suture. It might be thought that this entire piece, both dorsiim and pleura, was the homologue of the superior appendages, and the pieces which I consider as the true inferior appendages were mere branches of those appendages, but for the fact that the preceding joint % $ bears a distinct spiracle in its lateral membrane and cannot therefore be the last abdominal joint. Both in S 9 Chauliodes, so far as can be seen 1863.] 268 in the dried specimen, there appear to me to exist two pair of very sliort, robust appendages similarly situated to those of Corydalis, tlie superior jiair slightly incurved and prehensile in S and simple in 9 t and the inferiors simple % ^ . In Corydalis both pairs of appendages are long and strongly forcipate in % and short and simple in 9 . JVofe 27. p. 181. Chauliodes rastricornis Ramb. I have bred many specimens of this insect from the larva, which occurs under the loose bark of floating logs, apparently beneath the surface of the water, and retires under logs &c., on the dry land to assume the pupa state, forming a rude cell there as does Corj/dalia rornutus L. Sometimes on floating log-rafts it forms its cell under that portion of the bark which is permanently above water. The pupa is quiescent, but has the power, when disturbed, of crawling along quite f;ist on its belly. It lies in the pupa state about 3 weeks, and my first imago appeared May 28. The larva is of a pale dingy brown color, and has the general ap- pearance of that of Corydalis cornutus. but is much smaller measuring only 40 — 1:5 mill., exclusive of the abdominal appendages. The Head is subquadrate, not wider than the prothorax and with no neck such as that of Corydalis, piceous, glossy and with a few scattered punctures. The mouth scarcely differs from that of Corydalis, except that the epi- stoma and labrum are larger and the latter proportionally much wider, and except also that the mentum is longer and its emargination is trun- cate-obtrigonate, instead of describing a circular arc of 90°. Precisely ;ls in Corydalis, the maxilla is elongate, depressed, four times as long as wide and with its sides parallel, and as in Corydalis, it is remarkable for being furnished at its tip with two palpiform appendages, the outer one a little the longer of the two and nearly as long as the maxilla is wide. The outer one or true palpus, is more robust than the other, 4- jointed. the last joint very minute; the inner one, (the homologue of the Orthopterous galea and of the palpiform oitter maxillary lobe in the Coleopterous Adephaga,) is distinctly 2-jointed, the basal joint the stoutest and the two of equal length. Although in Corydalis the eyes are lateral, 6 in number, simple of course, and very distinct, yet in Chauliodes they are scarcely perceptible and cannot be counted. The antennae are about 2 mill, long, 5-jointed, the joints each slenderer than the preceding one and proportioned to each other as follows: — 1. 3. 1, 264 [October 1.1; whereas in Corydalis they are 1.3, 2i. 2, H. The pronotum is sub- quadrate, with the prothoracic spiracle behind its posterior corner, as in Corydalis; the meso- and metanotum are each 8 times as wide as long ; all three corneous, glo.ssy, piceous mottled with luteous and with a few scattered punctures, whereas in Corydalis it is only the pronotum which is glossy and corneous, the other two segments being almost as opaque as the abdomen. The abdominal joints are opaque, eight in number only, joint 1 half as long as each of the rest which are sub- equal. Joints 1 — 7 have each a lateral, subterminal, exarticulate, fleshy seta nearly at right angles to the body and about as long as the body is wide, immediately above and behind which is the spiracle which is very distinct; joint 8 has the same seta as the rest but no spiracle. In Sialis. on the contrary, the lateral setfe are said to be articulate and have been supposed to act as branchiae. Upon the dorsum of each joint, a little before the middle, is a very distinct transverse suture, and behind it at regular intervals two others less distinct, indicating apparently the normal subsegments. From the tip of the last segment there proceeds a pair of appendages, contiguous, and exactly' similar to those of Corydalis^ viz., a robust fleshy pillar, more than half as long as one of the abdominal joints, at the tip of which is a pair of long, curved, horny, shining claws above, and a fleshy, tapering seta below twice as long as the claws. Above these two appendages is a pair of ro- bust, fleshy, exarticulate setae, similar to those of Acheta, but closely contiguous and tapering much less rapidly, i millimetre in diameter at base and probably at least 10 or 12 millimetres long, the unbroken por- tion in my specimen measuring 6 millimetres. Legs dark luteous ; the tarsi one-jointed and as long as the tibiae, with no appearance of any sutures and with two terminal claws. Besides the points above specified this larva difi'ers from that of Corydalis in three other respects: 1st, Corydalis has a 9-jointed, not 8- jointed abdomen, 1 — 8 having the same lateral seta and spiracle as 1 — 7 in Chauliodes, and 9 having neither seta nor spiracles. 2nd, Corydalis has no caudal setae, nor even any rudiments of them, so that Chauli- odes forms a connecting link in this respect between that genus and Sialis. the larva of which is said to have "one long, slender, setose tail." (Westw. Intr. II, p. 50.) Srd, the venter of Chauliodes is simple, and entirely destitute of the remarkable paddle-like branchiae found in Cory- 1863.] 265 dalis on joints 1 — 7 under and before the lateral setae, no traces of them being discoverable even in the living larva. The pupa, or at all events the 9 pupa, has two robust obtuse abdomi- nal appendages, confluent towards their base and about two mill. long. and an inferior process of two similar ones which are connate through- out. The antennas are multiarticulate and longer than the head, and the tarsi are 5-jointed. In its general appearance it resembles the pupa of Sialis. Note 28, p. 182. CoRYDALis CORNUTUS L. A most respectable man, who keeps the toll-bridge over Rock River where this insect is very abundant, informed me that on several occasions its larva) had fallen down one of his chimneys. His idea was that they must have bred there ; but that of course is out of the question. The statement was confirmed by his wife and I have no doubt of its truth. In I860 I threw a larva of this insect into the Mississippi to examine into its customary mode of progressing in the water, which, as I found, was by crawling along the bottom not by swimming. As it emerged from the water, it climbed with ease up the stump of a large white elm, which was stripped of its bark and as smooth as any carpenter could have planed it. The stump was three feet high and upright, and when it had reached the top it commenced descending on the opposite side, but after a while lost its foothold and fell into the water again. The pair of 2-clawed appendages at the tail are used with much efiiect to assist it in climbing. The building which it must have climbed to reach the chimney, down which it is stated to have fallen, was only a low one-story wooden one. I learnt from the same source that these larvae are nocturnal in their habits, for, though they are never seen travelling by day, they had several times been noticed running about in the dawn of the morning. Some which I bred to the imago state in 1861 never commenced travelling till after nightfall, and when thrown into a basin of water swam with vigor. They are much sought after as fish-bait, having a very tough integument so that one larva suf- fices to catch several fish, and are popularly known in the neighbor- hood of Rock Island as "crawlers." The larva, after it has left the water, retires under a stone or log or plank to hide during the day, and finally to change to the pupa state, and forms there an irregular cell in the earth. The pupa of the 9 1 or what I take to be that of the 9 , 26G [October has two excessively robust superior appendages, incurred so that their extreme tip points backwards, with a rudimental intermediate append- age, and two excessively robust straight inferiors half as long as the superiors, basally confluent with them, and occupying the entire ventral surface. It is several weeks before the imago of Corydalis emerges, which is nocturnal in its flight, as is also that of Chauliodes, and dull and sluggish in its motions.* It is greedily devoured by birds and do- mestic fowls, as is also the larva whenever they can meet with it. The eggs are deposited in patches, as I am told, upon any substance overhang- ing the water. This insect occurs both on the Mississippi and on Rock River, but most abundantly in those localities where there is a rocky bottom. I have never met with it in the larva state more than a hun- dred yards from the water. Note 29, p. 182. Mantispa brunnea Say. I do not possess this species, but I have taken near Rock Island a single pair of the rare M. iafprrvpta Say, which is stated by Mr. Uhler to exhibit the same "tarsal lobes" as the other species. On the closest examination I can detect no traces of any lobes on the tarsi, except the two lobes of the large pad or onychium under the tarsal claws of the 4 hind feet, which lobes are alike in both sexes and obvious on every tarsus, exhibiting in several of them both % and 9 a slight appearance beneath of pale hya- line membrane. The "quadrate fuscous spot" on the wings of M. in- terruj)ta, spoken of by Mr. Say, is represented in both my specimens by a ferruginous bordering of one of the cross-veins springing from the costa, and the costa in my specimen is bright ferruginous as Say de- scribes it, not " fuscous," as it is described in the Synopsis. Is not Dr. Hagen's insect a distinct species? It disagrees with Say's descrip- tion in many respects. Mine agrees exactly, except in the color of the "quadrate spot" above referred to. Since the above was in the hands of the printer, I have learnt from Mr. Uhler that his remarks in the Sj/nopsis refer to the j)^aH^?fte (onychia) not to the appendages described by Dr. Hagen, which, at * Mr. E. T. Oressoii informs me that •'he collected a large number of % Chau- liodes serricornis? Say on the loing about 10 or 11 A. M. on a clear, warm day in June." Myrmeleon is generally said to be nocturnal in its flight, but the only two pairs I ever took {M.salous Hag.) occurred on the luing in broad daylight. 1803.] 267 the time when his (Mr. Uhler's) remarks were printed, were, as he says, unknown to him. He adds that " these appendages cannot be char- acteristic of sex as Dr. Hagen supposes, because most specimens are not furnished with them." This last proof seems to me no proof at all. To make it conclusive, it ought to be shewn in addition that these ap- pendages occur both in % and 9 . Of course, Mr. Uhler's statement that these appendages are also found in 3f. intcrrvpta applies to the oni/chium, and it is no wonder that I could not find them in that spe- cies either S or $ . APPENDIX. Hetaerina scelerata n. sp. (=:ir. americana Walsli, p. 210.) After the preceding pages were in press, Mr. Uhler was kind enough to send me at my request a pair % 9 of iZ". americana. On comparing the % abdominal appendages with those of the % described page 210, and doubtingly referred to americana, I am satisfied that this doubt- ful % is a distinct and undescribed species (scelerata) for the following reasons: — l.s^ In americana the laminiform medial tooth of the supe- rior % appendage has its sides convergent at an angle of about 45° for about two-thirds of its entire length, the terminal third part being rounded in a flattish or obtuse curve. In scelerata the sides of this tooth, instead of converging rapidly, are almost parallel for two-thirds of its entire length, but the terminal third part is rounded as in americana except that it is of course much wider. In both species the tooth is directed inwards and downwards and a little forwards, so that its true shape is only seen when viewed laterally in an oblique direction from above or below. Viewed either perpendicularly from above, or hori- zontally in profile, as in Dr. Hagen's drawings of americana (Monogr. Calopt. Plate XII, fig. 3,) its proportions are foreshortened and altered. I find that the stray abdomen mentioned above page 212, and supposed to belong to hasalis, has the laminiform tooth ot the superior appen- dage identical with that of americana, viz. triangular with the apex truncate and obtusely rounded. 2nd. In americana, on the upper sur- face of the posterior base of this laminiform tooth, there is nothing but a slight intumescence, which on a cursory inspection would scarce- ly be noticed; in scelerata, as already stated page 211, there is a dis- tinct hemispherical tubercle there, which is colored fuscous with the 268 [October surrounding space yellowish. — Coupled with the colorational distinc- tions already noticed in the wing-spots and the pterostigma, (page 211.) these two structural differences are manifestly of specific value. In the second S amen'cana received from Mr. Uhler, the carmine-red basal spot extends only 3 — 4 cellules beyond the quadrilateral in the front wing, and 1 — li in the hind wing, instead of 5 and 3 as in the first % ; thus increasing still further the disparity in this character be- tween americana and scelei-ata, where it extends 11 — 12 and 8 — 9 cel- lules beyond the quadrilateral. The laminiform tooth of scelerata is .shaped nearly as in psPMdamericana^ but is much smaller, being only about i as wide at base as the appendage is long, instead of \. Mr. Uhler, to whom I had communicated my observations on the whitishness of the principal sector beneath in pseudamericmia and tcjxina, says that he "has captured many pairs of americana in copula, and that the teneral [or very immature] % has the underside of the principal sector very conspicuously whitish, just as in the teneral and less adult 9 . In this state the dorsum of the thorax and abdomen is bright emerald green S 9 ; in the adult % it is splendid coppery pur- ple and in the adult 9 olive-greenish. In the semi-adult % and the adult % 9 the principal sector infer iorly is brown, or at most not whitish. In the teneral % the ptei'ostigma is whitish; in the adult % brown."* — In the two S americana sent me by Mr. Uhler himself, which are both adult, the principal sector and the other veins described as yel- lowish white in pseudamericana^ are not "brown," but black beneath, and they are described as black in the MonograpMe both in the adult % and the semi-adult % , (jeune % .) In the 9 americana recently received from Mr. Uhler, which is tolerably mature and has the dorsum of the thorax dark green, the principal sector &c., are reddish-brown beneath. In this 9 there are on the postcosta of the front wing only 2 — 3 irregular ranks of cellules, instead of 3 — 5 as in pseudamerirana 9 ; and the front wing is 28 mill, long and 4f mill, wide at the nodus, instead of 32A and 6, (or proportionally half a millimetre wider,) as in pseudamericana 9 . Hence the abnormal 9 referred above doubtingly *The description in Monogr. Calopt. (p. 133) says that the pterostigma of the adult % is "reddish brown," and that of the semi-adult % "yellow." In the remarks following that description, the % pterostigma is erroneously stated to be " yell(j\v," without regard to age." 1863.] 200 to texana, which likewise has only 2 — 3 ranks of cellules on the post- eosta of the front wing, and in which the proportions of the front wing are 30 and 5, may not improbably belong to americana. If propor- tioned exactly as in anyrirand 9 the front wing would be 5.09 mill. wide. As I still think from the structure of the postcosta of the front wing, and the greater comparative breadth of that wing, that the 9 formerly sent me by Mr. Uhler as 9 Americana belongs to pseudome- ricana. it is probable that both these two species exist in Mr. Uhler's neighborhood, and that he may have partially confounded the two to- gether in his description of the former. I doubt the fact of the prin- cipal sector &c. in % americana being " whitish " beneath in the tene- ral individual, as stated by Mr. Uhler, when I see with my own eyes that it is perfectly black, not brown, in the adult specimen. Still, coloration in Agrionina is so variable, that it is difficult to fix the limit of variation. It will be observed that, according to Mr. Uhler, it is only the tene- ral % and the teneral and semiadult 9 9 of americana that have the principal sector &c. whitish beneath; -whevQas va. psieudamericana % 9 and texana % the adult specimen also has these veins whitish beneath. Pseud americana % differs also both from S americana, % scelerata and % texana. in the tubercle behind the laminiform tooth (not the one on its superior base) being only about 4- as wide as that tooth, instead of about ^ as wide as in americana and scelerata, or ^ as wide as in texana. On p. 217 I said that '• in Gromphus there are normally two dark stripes on the pleura, one on the mesothoracic epimerum and one on the metathoracic episternum." The locus of the latter is, correctly speaking, on the anterior suture of the metathoracic episternum, or, in other words, on the suture dividing the meso- from the meta-thorax. In many, perhaps all, Agrionina and Calopterygina, (Agrion, Lestes, (>alopteryx, Hetaerina, Libellago, &c.) there exists behind the humeral suture a more or less developed supernumerary or false pleural suture dividing the mesothoracic epimerum iuto two subequal parts, the pos- terior part bearing the spiracle. Slight traces of this suture are occa- sionally found in the other four Odouatous Sub-families. The Mono- 270 [October [erina, ... 10 16 5 31 AoRiONiNA. ... 12 4 4J 20 ^ESCHNINA, ... 8 6 3 17 LiBELLULINA, ... 21 2 1 24 Total, 66 43 20 129 ERRATA. Page irr. line 12. for ••basal" read "tarsal." " 217, line 6 from bottom, for •'metathoracic episternum" reiid " anterior suture of the metathoracic episternum." 2."iS, line 21. for ••varies" read ''differs." 246, line 17, for "agree with those" read ••agrees with that." 252, line 11. for ''stated have" read "stated to have." 2.J9, line 6, for ••same" read ••the same." * Exclusive of Ps. lichenatus and Ps. abruptus ^= corruptus. t Ineluding Nemoiira albidipennis (p. 188). + Exclusive of Hetcerina texana n. sp., from Texas, but including //. .srck- riitn n. sp. 272 [October The following Errata and Corrigenda may be noticed as occurring in my Paper in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences of Philadelphia :— p. 361, line 15, for "(South Illinois)" read "(North and South Illinois)." p. 364, line 3, for "length %" read "length % abdomen." p. 365, dele line 18 " no appearance of any suture." p. " dele lines 6 — i from bottom, repeated from lines 15—13 from l)cittom. p. 371, line 27, dele "except the last segment." p. 376, line 23, for " Alar exp. 9 " read " Alar exp. % ." J). 381, lines 17 and 21, for " imdata" read "flucruans." p. 383, last line, for "behind" read "before" p. 387, line 27, for "triangular browu spot" read "triangular spot, brown." p. 393, Table, line 3, for " long, slender, yellowish" read " absent." p. •• •• line 4, for "yellow?" read "yellow, banded Avith black." p. 394, line 20, for " quadrangular " read " rectangular." p. 397, Table, last line, for " H" read " 31^." p. " line 0 from bottom, for " two inside" read " two inside ;" p. 401, 1st column, line 15 from bottom, for " 13 sp." read " Isopteryx cydippe Newm. Capnia minima Newjj. Tseniojiteryx fasciata Burm. Nemoura completa Walk. 17 sp." p. 401. 2ud column, line 15 from bottom, for "binotatum'" read "Innotatum n. sp." p. 402, 2nd column, line 6 from bottom, for "Perlina 13 19" read " Perlina 17 9." p. " 2nd column, last line, for " 106" read " 110." Eock Island, Illinois, Sept. 21, 1863. 1863.] 278 Additions to the Catalogue of U. S. LEPIDOPTERA, No. 5. BY AUG. R. GROTE. NOCTUINA, H-S. AGROTIS Ochs. A. texanus no v. sp. (Plate 6, fig. 2, 9 ■) Anterior wings durk yellowish brown shaded irregularly with black. Reniform, orbicular and claviform spots same color as the rest of the wing distinctly margined with black, the former with black center. Median lines black, sinuate, geminate, the transverse anterior the best defined. A faint black median shade line runs from the costa to the in- ternal margin between the reniform and orbicular spots more apparent in the 9 . Subterminal line absent in the 9 , irregularly apparent in the % . Terminal sjiace shaded with black along the nervures and with a terminal row of small black lunulcs merging into a straight line toward the internal angle; fringes light. Posterior wings white, immaculate in the % , shaded with brownish along the exterior margin and nervules in the 9 ; fringes white. Underside of anterior wings shaded with light brown, darker along the costa and exterior margin, lighter at the base and along the internal margin and showing the median lunule fiiintly. Underside of posterior wings white, darker shaded along the upper maro-in. Thorax and head same color as anterior wings : teaulre with '& a semicircular dark brown line at base. Abdomen lighter than thorax, of a more greyish shade underneath. Antennse brownish strongly pectinated to the middle in the % , simple in the 9 . Exp. S Ij inch. 9 If inch. Hab. Western Texas. Two specimens in fine condition in the col- lection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia. This species seems to be allied to A. malrjida Guenee Noct. 1, p. 267, a species I am not acquainted with, but it differs from Guenee's description of the latter species in the shape of the ordinary spots, while the expression " Ailes super, d'un gris-testace un peu rougeatre," but indifferently applies to the species I have just described. In the Wiener Entom. Monat., Vol. 6, 1862, Plate 1, fig. 2 to 5, pp. 130 — 133, Mr. H. B. Moschler has figured and described four species of this genus belonging to our fauna from Labrador, viz. A. Wochi, 274 [October J. comparafa, A. Stawlingeri jiiul .1. sepfenfn'ondlis, of which the latter species as well as the one I have just described belong to Group 1 Guonee. a grouj) characterized by the strongly ])ectinated antennae of the % and a certain similarity of ornamentation of the anterior wings. PLUSIA Oelis. In the collection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia is a 9 specimen belonging to the genus Plusla taken at Pike's Peak, which, on a comparison of actual specimens, very closely resembles P. iJivenjenx Fabr. and P. deoergens Hiib. from Europe, and although, after a care- ful examination I am induced to believe our species distinct, still a series of individuals from that locality may render evanescent characters which I now regard as of specitic value. I subjoin a description of our species, comparing it with the European, and proposing for it the name of P. ignea nov. sp. Anterior wings dark brown with the fringe, terminal and subtermi- nal spaces darker than in P. divergent. In the latter species the fringe is of a greyish-lilac hue which spreads towards the internal angle over the terminal space to the subterminal line. In P. ignea the terminal space is of an even brown color from costa to internal angle, wanting the brassy shade which spreads over both subterminal and terminal spaces in both the European species and the fringe has not the greyish-lilac color which it shows in P. divergent. The median space is tinged with brio-ht reddish near the lower half of the transverse posterior line which is not the case in the specimens of both the European species I have before me. The metallic subcellular spot, though presenting the same general appearance, is broader and more rounded at its lower extremity than in P. divergent Fabr. The black band on the posterior wings m broader and not so attenuated at the anal and external angles and the base of the wing is more clouded with black. The coloring of thorax, alidomen and under surface present no noticeable diflFerences. The wings in our species are however relatively broader and the spur at internal angle more acute. P. igiua expands li inch., my specimen of P. divergcns 1 inch. I append a list of the descriptions of our native Lepidoptera which I have published under the title of the ])resent article, having corrected and arrantrcd the references and retaining tiie classificatioii of |)r. Herrich-Scliccffer. SYXTOxMOTDEA. II-8. CTENUCHA Kirby. Cressonana iTnito, Proc. Eut. Soc. Philail. isti:',. Vol. II. ji. til. DREPANULINA. H-S. DRYOPTERIS Grote. Prop. Aeiul. Nat. Sei. Phil. 1862, p. 3(i(l. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. istiX., p. U:k rosea Wulker. C. B. M. VIII. Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. 1S6:^. Vol. I. p. :u:<. Plate III, fig. 1. Americana (Cilix) H-S. Exot. p. 60, fig. 470. 1 had described this species in the Proc. Acad. Nat. Scieii. Philad. 1802. p. 00, as Plat i/pterix formula ; subsequently I rectified my error and here witlidraw the name altogether. PLATYPTEEIX Laspeyres. fabula Grote, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 1862, p. 59. Proc. Eut. Soc. Phihid. 1863, Vol. I. p. 346. Plate III. fig. 2. genicula Grote, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, p. .39. Proc. Eut. Soc. Phila. 1863. V..1. I. p. .346. Plate III, fig. 3. ARCTIOIDEA, H-S. CEOCOTA Hubu. opella Grote. Proc. Eut. Soc. Vol. 1, 1863, p. 345: ibid. Vol. 2. Plate II. iig. I. quinaria lirote. Proc. Eut. Soc. Vol. II, 1863, p. 30. Plate II. fig. 2. LITHOSINA, H-S. HYPOPREPIA Htibn. Packardii Grote, Proc. Eut. Soc. Vol. II, 1863, p. 31. Plate II. fig. :>. EUDRYINA. CIRIS Grote. Wilsonii Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Vol. II, 1863. p. 65. Plat.- III. fig. I. NOCTUINA, H-S. DIPHTHERA Ochs. Graefii s, Chlorojis proxima, Chlorojis frivialis, Chlorop>s sanginnolenta), from E. T. Cresson. 23 Lepidoptera, from Rev. Wm. P. Breed. 4 Diptera ( Tabanus rujicornis, Trypeta sparsa), from Harvey J. Rich, of Brooklyn, N. Y. 3 Lepidoptera ( Chionobas semidea, Pterogon inscriptum, Leptina dormitans'), from Aug. R. Grrote, of New York. 2 Diptera {Bibio albipennis) , from William Evett. 1 Diptera (^Tropidia quadrata^, from James Ridings. 1 Diptera {ffeferomyia /asciata) , from Charles A. Blake. 1 Diptera {Echinomyia vivida), from Charles Wilt. 278 [NOVEMBF.R DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. >S('/Ji)n(tii'.-i Aniiriiiiii Journal of Sciences and Arts, for September. 1S68. From Dr. T. B. Wilson. List of the Coleoptera of North America^ and Nev- Species of North American Coierjptera, hy John L. LeConte, M. D. 2 Pamphlets. Svo. From the Smithsonian Institution. The following works were deposited by Dr. T. B. Wilson : — Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Parts 2 and o for 18(52, and 1 for 1S63. 8vo. Revue et Magasm de Zoologie, 1863, No. 7. 8vo. Wiener Entoinologische Monatschrift, Band 7, No. 9. 8vo. The Zoologist for August and September, 1863. 8vo. Specimen of a Gatedogue of Lt/csenidse in the British Museum, by W. G. Hexoitson. 4to. Illustrations of Diurnal Lepidoptera. Part 1, Lycsenidae, by W. G. Uev:itson. 4to. Recherches anatomiques et physiologiques sur les Hemipteres, par M. Leon Dufonr. 1 Vol. 4to. Reclierches anatomiques et physiologiques sur les Orthopteres, les Ilymenopthres et les Nevropteres, par M. Leon Dufonr. 1 Vol. 4to. Insecta Soecica descripta a Leonardo Gyllenliall. Tom. 1, ^ parts. Goleoptera . 4 Vols. Svo. Species Insectorvm. J. G. Fabricii. 2 Vols. Svo. WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS. A letter was read from Mr. S. S. Rathvon. dated Lancaster, Pa.. October 21st. 1863, transmitting donations to the Cabinet. The following papers were presented for publication in the Pro- ceedings : — " Descriptions of a few supposed new species of North American Coleoptera, No. 2, by J as. H. B. Bland." '• Descriptions of several supposed new species of Cynips, with re- marks on the formation of certain galls, by H. F. Bassett." "Descriptions of North American Lepidoptera, No. 1, by Aug. R. Grotc." 1863.] 279 •• Notes ou Central American Lepidoptera, with descriptions of new species. No. 2. by Tryon Eoakirt." " Heniipterological Contributions, No. 2, by P. K. T'hler." And were referred to Committees. ELECTIONS. Mr. Augustus R. Glrote, of New York, was elected a Resident Mem- ber, and H. T. Stainton, Esq., of Lewisham, near London. England, a Corresponding Member of the Society. Description of a supposed new genus and species of SATTJRNIIDiE from the Bocky Mountains. BY C. A. BLAKE. COLORADIA nov. gen. Body stout. Palpi very short. Antennae a little longer than the thorax. Legs stout, pilose ; tarsi rather long : hind tibiae with two minute apical spurs. Wings moderately broad and long ; each with an indistinct ocellus. Fore wings not falcate, slightly convex along the costa, rounded at the tips, exterior border convex, hind wings not extending beyond the abdomen. Female, antennae serrate. C. Pandora n. sp. ( See Plate 7.) Female. — Brownish-grey. Head not prolonged, palpi extending rather beyond the head. Antennae bright luteous, biserrate, a little longer than the thorax. Thorax densely villose. Abdomen above fuligi- nous, sides mixed with griseous, apex tufted, extending a little beyond the hind wings. Wings semi-transparent. Fore wings with two indis- tinct, oblique, somewhat undulating, fuliginous bands, the exterior one paler than the other, the space between the bands covered somewhat sparsely with distinct white scales, a small black spot on the discal ner- vure. Hind wings with an indistinct cloudy band, broader at the inte- rior margin, gradually tapering to the exterior. A pale fuliginous spot on the disc. Base of the wings clothed with pale pinkish hairs, ciliae whitish at the extremity of the veins. Lender side brownish-grey, tinged with pink ; the discal spots more distinct than on the upper side. Length of the body 15 lines. Expanse of the wings 38 lines. Hah. Pike's Peak, Colorado Territory. One specimen in the Cabi- net of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia. 280 [November On the North American species of the genus NOMA.DA. BY E. T. CRESSON. Gen. NOMADA, Fabr. The characters of this genus are given by Mr. Smith, (Bees of Great Britain, p. 116), as follows: — Body destitute of pollinigerous appendages. Head transverse, as wide as the thorax. Antennae geniculated, filiform, nearly as long as the thorax. Labrum transverse, its anterior margin rounded. Mandibles bidentate, in the males simple, and rounded at their apex. Menium slightly narrowed at the base, the labium of the same length as the mentum, broad and narrowed a little before the apex, which is rounded. Labium grooved and transversely striated. Para- glossce about one-fourth the length of the labium. Labial palpi four-jointed, continuous, a little shorter than the labium, the basal joint longer than the three following, the second about one-fifth of the length of the basal joint, the two following each shorter than the preceding. Maxillary palpi s\'s.-io\nteA, nearly as long as the apical lobe; the basal joint minute, the second and third joints of about equal length, the remaider gradually decreasing in length, and each more slender than the preceding. Superior wings have one marginal and three submarginal cells, the second submarginal receiving the first, and the third the second recurrent uervure. ic^rs simple in both sexes. Abdomen: the apical segment truncate at the apex in the females, acute in the males. The beautiful bees constituting this genus are parasitic, principally, on those of the genera Andrena and Halictus. Very little is known of their economy. They are mostly gayly colored, resembling in this re- spect some of our wasps. Most all the specimens that I have exam- ined, have a longitudinal carina, more or less developed, between the antennae; the scutellum is mostly subbilobate, only in one specimen bilobate ; the '' tubercles" mentioned in the descriptions are two hard, round, shining elevations, one on each side of the thorax, before and a little below the base of the wings ; the wings are generally clouded especially about their apical mai'gins, with a more or less hyaline, lunu- lar spot near the tip ; the stigma is often lighter colored than the rest of the nervures ; the shape of the second and third submarginal cells varies very much, even in the same species ; I have before me a $ spe- cimen from Maine (iV, ohliterata n. sp.), which has the second trans- verse cubital nervure in both superior wings entirely obliterated, thereby throwing the second submarginal cell into the first, and mak- ing the latter as long as the marginal. In another 9 specimen from Kansas (A^. lutenla var ?) we have the normal neuration on the left 1863.] 2S1 superior wing, while on the right wing the third submarginal cell is petiolated. i. e. the transverse cubital nervure that separates the second and third submarginal is suddenly angulated at its anterior third and becomes confluent with the third transverse cubital nervure before it reaches the radial nervure ; an example of this monstrosity is shown in the normal second submarginal cell of Miscophnx. — a genus of Lar- ridas. (See St. Farg. Hi/mcnopt. pi. 27, fig. 6 bis.) Mr. Walsh of Rock Island, 111., informs me that he possesses a % Nomada " with the three normal submarginal cells on the left Aving and only two on the right wing, the two next the base being confluent; and another % with two submarginal cells on the left wing and only one on the right wing." The abdomen is short and ovate, but the segments are generally more ;iuous. Rather more slender than the female." Three 9 '"id two % specimens of this beautiful species, from Rock Island, 111. (Coll. Benj. D. Walsh, Esq.), difi'ers from Say's descrip- tion above quoted as follows : 9 • — Head beneath the antenna is yel- lowish-ferruginous ; the labrum and sides of the face being sometimes yellow; the ''dull ferruginous margin over the wings" is, in one speci- men, indistinct, and in another specimen the thorax above is ferrugin- ous, with a broad black longitudinal dorsal line, and on each side of it, a longitudinal blackish stain ; the tegulae in two specimens are yellow, with a fuscous dot on the disk ; the femora behind are sometimes en- tirely ferruginous and the tips of the tibiae within are blackish, some- times indistinctly so. The two yellow bands of the abdomen beneath are on the second and third segments. % . — Black, instead of ferrugi- nous ; the face beneath the antennae is yellow, and on each side of the clypeus a minute black dot; the yellow orbits of the eyes do not reach their vertex ; the thorax is black, and there is no appearance of a " line over the wings" and "two obsolete ones in the middle;" the tegulae are honey-yellow ; the scutellum has two small yellow spots ; each side of the metathorax also with a small yellow spot; the posterior femora within are black ; the first segment of the abdomen above has a narrow ferruginous band, which, in one specimen, has on each side of the disk two small yellow spots close together ; the yellow band on the second segment is broadly indented on the disk anteriorly and in one specimen the band on the third segment is broadly and squarely indented on the disk anteriorly; the apical segment beneath is yellow. Length By- lines. I rather suspect that Say described a small and slender 9 of N. lu- teola St. Farg., as the % of his vincta, as I have some small and slen- der females of the former species which answer to Say's description of the latter, and which at a glance have the appearance of males. The females of vincta resemble some of the 9 varieties of luteola. but they may be easily distinguished from the latter by the much finer 286 [November punctation of the head and thorax. The males also very much resemble those of latmla, but the yellow abdominal bauds of the latter are more reped with blackish, with the apex subtruncate ; beneath blackish-])iceous, the second, third and fourth segments obsoletely banded with yellowish. Length 4i lines. Bah. Maine. One % specimen. Collection of Mr. E. Norton. Allied to vicina. and differs, principally, from that species by the greater expanse of the wings (9 lines) which is one line more than that of the largest female of vicina. whose length of body is one line longer than that of proxima. 12. N. fervida Smith. Nomada fervida Smith, Brit. Mas. Cat. Hym. ii, p. 247, J. ■' Female. Length 4 — 5 lines. — Black, the sides of the face, the 18G3.] 2!"5 clypeus, the labruni. nunidibles niul aiitennaj ferru<;in(m8. tlie latter slightly fuscous above; the clypeus and flagelluui sometimes dark fus- cous. Thorax, the disk coarsely rugose, the collar, tubercles, teguhv. a spot beneath the wings, the scutellum and post-scutellum ferru- ginous, the two latter sometimes have a yellowish stain ; the legs fer- ruginous, the wings fuscous, their apical margins having a darker stain; the basal segment of the abdomen has a transverse rufo-testace- ous band, sometimes bordered with yellow; the second segment has a similar band placed beyond the middle, the band more or less attenu- ated in the middle; the fourth segment has sometimesatraiisver.se narrow line, and the fifth sometimes an oblique yellow dot. -Hab. St. John's Bluff, East Florida; Georgia." A 9 specimen of this species (Coll. Mr. Norton) from Ooiuiecticut, differs from Mr. Smith's description above quoted, as follows :■ — The head is black, except the sides of the face above the clypeus, the lalirum and base of the mandibles which are yellowish-ferruginous ; the an- tennae are blackish-piceous, except the basal half beneath which is ferruginous; the collar, tubercles, tegulsD and a spot beneath the wings are yellowish-ferruginous ; the scutellum and postscutellum are ferrugi- nous, the former with two yellowish spots, the latter with a transverse yellowish line ; the band on the second segment of the abdomen above is tinged with yellow, and very much attenuated in the middle, there is no appearance of a line on the fourth segment, and the oblicjue dots on the i3fth segment are very indistinct. \''<. N. gracilis n. sp. Mdh. Head lilack, finely and densely punctured, rather thickly clothed with erect whitish hairs ; clypeus narrowly margined anteri- orly with yellow; the labrum, base of the mandibles and orbits of the eyes near the base of the mandibles, yellow ; rest of the mandibles piceous. Antennae slightly longer than the head and thorax, black, flagellum ferruginous beneath. Thorax black, finely and densely punc- tured, rather thickly clothed with erect whitish hairs ; tubercles fer- ruginous; tegulfe yellowish-ferruginous. Wings hyaline, spendidly iridescent; apical margins faintly clouded, nervures testaceous. Legs black, slightly pubescent, extreme tips of the coxae, of the trochanters and of the femora, the tibise and tarsi ferruginous, sometimes the tibiae are slightly obfuscated beneath. Abdomen minutely punctured, slightly '2W [November hairy towai'ds the apex, shining, black ; extreme sides of the first seg- ment tinged with piceous ; on each side of the second segment at base a large subangular yellow spot ; on each side of the third segment an oblong yellow spot or line; on the fourth segment four yellow spots. the extreme lateral ones minute and indistinct; on the middle of the fifth segment a yellow line, slightly attenuated in the middle ; on the sixth segment an oblong yellow spot ; apical segment black, bifid at ti)» ; lieneath blackish-piceous. with a small more or less distinct yellow spot on each side of the second, third and fourth segments, the fifth segment stained with ferruginous and the apical segment entirely yel- lowish-ferruginous. Length 3i lines. JTaJ). Massachusetts. One specimen. Coll. of Mr. Edward Norton. A very slender and gracefully formed species, having the scutellum only slightly prominent and with no appearance of being bilobed. I k N. punctata Fabr. Nomadn punctata Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. p. 346. " Half the size of N. scutdlaris. Antennae ferruginous, base black. Head black, labium silvery, rather shining. Thorax black, with a small tuberculous spot before the wing. . Scutellum with a porrect, acute spine and a small white tubercle on each side at the base of the spine. Abdomen smooth, black, with a white transverse spot on each segment, on the posterior segment with the spots connate and forming a band. Legs rufous, femora black. • Uab. (Canada." Unknown to me. 1 .'). N. imbricata Smith. yomada imbricata Smith. Brit. Mas. Cat. Hym. ii, p. 246. 9 • ^' Femalfi. Length 4} — 5 lines. — Head ferruginous, a black spot above the insertion of each antenna, also a minute black dot on each side of the clypeus. above which there is sometimes a yellow spot; thorax ferruginous, the collar, tubercles, two spots on the scutellum. an oblique line on each side of the metathorax yellow: a line down the centre of the metathorax and another oblique one on the sides of the thorax behind the wings black, the legs ferruginous ; wings slightly fuscous. Abdomen ferruginous, a yellow line or spot on each side of the basal sesment. and a broad liand of the same color on the basal iiiariiiiis of the three following segments, each more or less jittcnviated ill the middle, the first usually interrupted, the fifth segment yellow. •■ ff. N. annulata Smith. Nomada annulata Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. Ilym. ii, p. 248, % 9- ''■Female. Length o^ lines. — Black, the sides of the face, orbits of the eyes, clypeus, labrum and mandibles yellow; the antennje and a minute spot above the clypeus ferruginous. Thorax, the collar, tuber- cles, a spot before and a line below them, the scutellum and a patch on each side of the metathorax yellow ; legs ferruginous, variegated with yellow, the wings slightly clouded on their apical margins. Ab- domen slightly ferruginous towards the base, each segment having a transvei'se yellow band; the three basal bands more or less attenuated in the middle, the bands continued beneath the abdomen. '•'Male. Length 3^ lines.— This sex has the clypeus, labrum. man- dibles, scape of the antennae in front and the flagellum beneath of a pale yellowish-white, the latter is fuscous above towards the base and again towards the apex, the intei'vening joints are ferruginous and tlie apical ones entirely yellowish-white ; thorax, the scutellum ferruginous ; the tubercles, tegulfe and nervures of the wings reddish-yellow, the wings subhyaline, having a fuscous cloud at their apex. Abdomen black at the extreme base, the rest of the first segment and the whole of the second ferruginous the latter having a large angulated yellow macula on each side, the first only a minute dot; each segment from the fourth to the apical one has a narrow yellow band ; beneath en- tirely ferruginous. 'Hah. North America." - 1 7. N. articulata Smitli. Nomadd articulata Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. Hym. ii. p. 248. "^ . ''Male. Length 3i lines. — Black, the clypeus, labrum. mandibles, sides of tile face, scape in front and flagellum towards the base yellow, the latter ferruginous towards the apex, above luscous. the scajie black above, joints of the flagellum subnioniliform. The tubercles, tegula', scutellum and postscutellum ferruginous, the wings hyaline, the ner- vures ferruginous, the apical margin of the superior wings fuscous ; legs ferruginous; the coxye and posterior femora within fusco-ferrugi- 20^ [November nous; ; tho two basal segments of the abdomen dark ferruginous, the a))ical ones black ; a minute spot on each side of the first segment, a large ovate one, pointed within, on the second, and a transverse fascia on the four following placed about the middle, yellow. ; the apex fer- ruginous. ■ I/. North America." I li.ive before me five males from Connecticut (Coll. Mr. Norton) and two males from Rock Island, 111., (Coll. Mr. Walsh), either of this spcric-^. or of ^V. annulata Smith, but cannot satisfactorily decide to which species they belong. Two specimens have their abdominal segments distended and showing the yellow markings very distinctly. All the seven specimens have the '' sides of the face yellow," the an- tenn;i3 "fuscous [or blackish] above towards the base and again to- wards the apex, the intervening joints are ferruginous," and the apical joint also ferruginous or yellowish-ferruginous; the '' abdomen black at the extreme base" and the segments have the same yellow mark- ings ; some have the flagellum beneath pale yellow and others yellow- ish-ferruginous; two specimens have the '' two basal segments of the abdomen dark ferruginous" except the base of the first segment, and " the apical ones black"; one specimen has the base of the second seg- ment black, and the posterior margin of all the segments fuscous; and two specimens have the abdomen, except the base of the first segment and the yellow markings, entirely ferruginous; one of the two speci- mens first mentioned, and one of the last have the thorax dark ferru- ginous with a black longitudinal dorsal line, and in the last the orbits of the eyes are obsoletely ferruginous, and a patch on the pleura also ferruginous, the spots on the first abdominal segment being oblong, oblique and much larger than in the other specimens. The yellow markings of the third segment are, in almost all the specimens, a line on each side and not continuous as on the three following segments. 1 have placed these specimens under this species because all of them have the •'■Joints of the flagellum (except the apical joint) irnhmonili- /J^/'/» ". that character being specially mentioned in the description, and also, because the construction of the antenuji?, in all the five speci- mens, is remarkable and altogether different from that of any other species of Komada known to me, i. e., the scape is cylindrical and very robust, the fourth joint of the antennje is almost as long as the 1ST>3.] 200 third ami tiftli joints juit touethev, and the apical joint is attenuated and acute at tip. Are not the males of (irtlmlata and annulata varieties of one and the same species? IS. N. pygniBea n. sji. Male. Head black, densely punctured, face thickly clothed with whitish pubescence; the clypeus, a spot above it, the labrum, man- dibles, and face narrowly on each side of the clypeus, yellow ; orbits of the eyes ferruginous. Antennae as long as the head and thorax; fer- ruginous; base of the flagellum above blackish ; scape in front yellow- lowish-ferruginous, behind ferruginous with the apex black. Thorax rather finely and densely punctured ; dark ferruginous above with a blackish longitudinal dorsal line ; pleura and metathorax blackish, clothed with short whitish pubescence; two lines on the collar, tuber- cles, a spot on eacb side of the pleura anteriorly, two spots on the scutellum which is subbilobate, yellow or yellowish-ferruginous ; tegulfe ferruginous. Wings hyaline, apical margins faintly clouded; nervures ferruginous. Legs ferruginous ; the coxae, base of the femora and pos- terior femora except tips, black. Abdomen ferruginous, finely punc- tured, shining; ba.se of the first segment above black; on eacb side at the base of the second segment, a large, angular, yellow macula, pointed within and nearly meeting on the disk ; on each side at the base of the third and fourth segments a transverse yellow line, more or less squarely indented posteriorly ; on the fifth segment, a yellow fascia, obsoletely indented on each side anteriorly, and very slightlj- inter- rupted on the disk ; sixth segment yellowish-ferruginous ; apical seg- ment ferruginous, the tip bifid; beneath ferruginous, stained with blackish on the disk of the segments. Length 3 lines. Hah. Connecticut. One specimen in the collection of Mr. E. Norton. 1 9. N. rubicunda Oliv. JVomada ruMcunda Oliv., Ency. Meth. Ins. viii. p. .365. •■ Resembles in form and size Nomada hifasciata. The antennae are ferruginous-brown. The head and the thorax are ferruginous-brown, with a slight gray down. The abdomen is ferruginous, with two black .spots on the first segment; tbe third is deep brown, with a yellow spot on each side; the two following segments are blackish-brown, with a white band in the middle of each one. the second is broader than the oOO [NOVEMBKR first. The legs are fernigiiious. The wings have an obscure tinge, with a transparent spot towards tlie extremity ; the nervui-es are brown, and the stigma is reddish. '' Eah. Carolina." Unknown to me. 20. N. amoena n. sp. Female. Head finely punctured, ferruginous; lower orbits of the eyes in front yellowish ; the throat, a dot on each side of the clypeus. a patch about the insertion of the antennae obscurely connected with another enclosing the ocelli, black. Antennae rather short, ferrugi- nous. Thorax finely and densely punctured, ferruginous ; a longitu- dinal dorsal line, an abbreviated line anteriorly on each side of the disk, sides of the metathorax and a line down its middle, black ; "a black im- pressed puncture on each side of the pleura immediately beneath the- base of the wings; sides of the metathorax densely clothed with silvery- white pubescence. Wings subhyaline, apical margins clouded, with a pale lunule near the tip. Legs ferruginous ; base of the femora be- neath and the posterior femora and tibi;u within, blackish. Abdomen finely punctured, blackish-browu ; on the middle of the first segment above, a transverse ferruginous stain, having on each side of the disk two yellow spots; on each side at the base of the second segment, a large cuneiform yellow macula, obtusely pointed within and almost meeting on the disk ; on each side of the thii-d segment a yellow line indented in the middle posteriorly ; on the fourth and fifth segments a yellow fascia also indented on each side posteriorly ; beneath ferrugi- nous, a minute dot on each side of the second segment, a transverse oblong spot on each side of the third, and a transverse line on the disk of the fourth segment, all yellow. Length 4 lines. Hah. Rock Island, 111. One specimen in the Collection of Benj. D. Walsh. Esq. A beautiful species, resembling some of the varieties of N. mucii- lata n. sp., but can hardly, I think, be a variety of that species. '1\. N. torrida Smith. Noniada. torrida iSmith. Brit. Mu.--. Cat. Hyiii. ii, p. I'.jd J . '•'■Female. Length 4J lines. — Head red, the basal joint and the flagellum of the antennae beneath red. Thorax red, the collar ob- scurely yellow, the scutellnui and sides of the metathorax of a paler 1S03.] 301 vimI. tlie sides of the metathorax covei'ed with white pubescence; the k'gs have a short silvei-y pile, particularly on the postei'ior femora, tibiae and tarsi within ; the wings fusco-hyaline. having a pale lunulo towards their apex. Abdomen ferruginous, the extreme base black, also two black spots on each side of the basal segment; the third seg- ment has on each side an oblong yellow stripe at its basal margin, the fourth has a narrow yellow fascia at its l)asal margin, the fifth entirely yellow. '■ The yellow markings on this species are in some examples verv obscure. •■ Hub. Georgia." An obscure 9 specimen of this species (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.) from Pennsylvania, is of a uniform ferruginous color, the antennse except tbe three basal segments in front are blackish, the collar and le"S are ferruginous, the posterior margins of the segments of the abdomen arc more or less blackish, the markings of the abdomen are obscure yel- lowish-white instead of yellow, the fifth segment above is also yellow- ish-white margined anteriorly with black and somewhat indented with black on each side, and the fourth ventral segment has on each side an oblique whitish spot. The abdomen is uniformly and distinctly punc- tured. '21. N. obliterata n. sp. Female. — Head ferruginous ; finely and densely punctured ; anterior margin of the clypeus, labrum, mandi]>les and orbits of the eyes on each side of the clypeus tinged with yellowish ; a spot enclosing the ocelli and the extreme posterior margin of the head, black. Antenna*, when extended back, attaining the scutellum ; entirely ferruginous, except the apical joint which is tipped with yellowish. Thorax ferru- ginous; finely and densely punctured, slightly hairy, especially on each side of the metathorax ; a longitudinal dorsal impressed line extending to the scutellum, sides of the collar, upper margin of the pleura extend- ing from the collar to the metathorax and enclosina- a small ferruginous .spot immediately beneath the base of the wings, the extreme sides of the scutellum, and the metathorax except a ferruginous patch on each side, black or blackish ; the collar above, tubercles, two spots on tlic scutellum which is subbilobate, and a small spot on the lower part of the ferruginous patch on each side of the metathorax. yellow ; teguhe 302 [NOVKMBER ferruginous. Wings fuseo-hyaline, nervures ferruginous, stigma paler; Legs ferruginous; coxae except tips, and a stripe on the posterior femora within, black. Abdomen ferruginous; finely, densely and uniformly punctured; extreme base above slightly blackish, and the posterior margins of the segments above with a darker stain ; on each side of the second segment, near the base, an irregular yellowish spot; on the middle of the third segment a transverse yellowish line, deeply excavated on each side anteriorly and somewhat attenuated on the disk posteriorly; on the fourth segment an indistinct, narrow, yellow line. and on the fifth segment an oblong yellow spot with the posterior mar- gin silvery-white in certain lights; beneath ferruginous, with an indis- tinct yellowish stain on the third segment. Length 4 lines. Hah. District of Columbia. One specimen. Collection of Mr. Ed- ward Norton. Difiers principally from all allied species by the uniform and distinct punctation of the abdomen. The only specimen I have seen of this species has the second submarginal cell obliterated in both superior wings. 23. N. depressa n. sp. Female. — Head finely punctured, ferruginous; a short line extend- ing half-way down the sides of the clypeus, a large patch about the insertion of the antennae, a spot enclosing the ocelli, and the posterior part of the cheeks and throat, black. Antennas ferruginous. Thorax ferruginous, finely and densely punctured, slightly hairy ; a longitudi- nal dorsal line, sides of the collar and of the scutellum, a wide margin on each side dividing the pleura and metathorax, a line down the centre of the metathorax, and a patch beneath immediately behind each fore leg, black ; a rather deep puncture on each side beneath the base of the wings. Wings subhyaline, apical margins clouded, with a pale lunule near the tip. Legs ferruginous ; base of the femora be- neath blackish. Abdomen ferruginous; very minutely punctured, shin- ing; dorsal surface flattened; basal third of the first segment above black, and the posterior margin of the segments with a darker stain ; on each side of the second segment at base a rather large, angulai-, yellow macula, pointed within ; a small, oblong, yellow spot below it on the third segment, and at the base of the fifth segment two small yellowish spots, immediately behind these spots the segment is suddenly 1R68.] 30.^ depresped, and truncated, the surface of the depressed part beinji; sil- very-white in certain lights and having on each side a rather large, shallow fovea ; beneath ferruginous. Length 4 lines. Hah. Maine. One specimen in the Collection of Mr. E. Norton. Resembles var. a of N. maculata n. sp., but is at once distinguished by the remarkable depression of the fifth dorsal segment of the abdo- men,— a character not observed in any other species of Nomada known to me. 24. N. maculata n. sp. Fcmalf. Head entirely ferruginous, rather finely and densely punc- tured ; slightly hairy. Antennae about as long as the head and thorax ; entirely ferruginous. Thorax entirely ferruginous, rather finely and densely punctured, slightly clothed with short pale hairs ; scutellum subbilobate; metathorax less densely and more finely punctured, clothed on each side with dense silvery-white hairs; tegulfe dark honey-yellow. Wings subhyaline, apical margins clouded, with a pale lunule near the tip ; stigma ferruginous, nervures piceous. Legs entirely ferruginous. Abdomen minutely punctured, shining, ferruginous ; posterior margins of the segments with an indistinct darker stain ; extreme base of the first segment black ; on each side of the middle of the first segment above a minute yellow spot, which is obsolete in one specimen ; at the base of the second segment on each side a more or less large yellow spot ; on each side of the third and fourth segments at base a yellow line, those on the fourth segment sometimes almost meeting on the disk ; on the fifth segment two yellow spots close together; beneath ferruginous, immac- ulate. Length 5 J lines. Two specimens from Connecticut. Var. a. — Head with a more or less distinct transverse spot about the insertion of the antennfe, sometimes another enclosing the ocelli, the throat posteriorly, a longitudinal line on the disk of the thorax, a spot or a longitudinal line on the disk of the metathorax, a patch on the pleura beneath immediately behind the base of the fore feet, the inter- mediate and posterior coxas except tips, and the base of the femora be- neath, all more or less black ; abdomen without yellow spots on the first segment, those on the second segment small, those on the third and fourth either subobsolete or obsolete, and the two yellow spots on the fifth segment distinct. Length 4 — 5 lines. Five specimens from Maine, Conn., Penn.. and Delaware. •j04: [November Var. h. — Differs from the above in having the antennae a little shorter and sometimes varied above with blackish, — in the thorax be- ing brown or dark ferruginous with an impressed, longitudinal dorsal line, — in the femora having more black at their base beneath and within, — in the yellow spots on the second segment of the abdomen above being large, angular and pointed within, — in the more distinct yellow marks on the third and fourth segments, and in the two spots on the fifth segment being connate and forming a transverse yellow spot, obtusely indented posteriorly. Length 5 lines. Three specimens from Connecticut and Virginia. Var. c. — Differs in having only a small yellow spot on each side of the second segment and a narrow transverse line on each side of the third segment. Length 4 — 4| lines. Four specimens from Connecti- cut and Pennsylvania. ? Male. Head black, rather finely and densely punctured, clothed with pale hairs which are longer and more dense in front and beneath ; a small yellowish ferruginous spot, sometimes obsolete, at the summit of the eyes; base of the clypeus sometimes tinged with ferruginous; rest of the clypeus, labrum, mandibles except tips, and the orbits of the eyes beneath and on each side of the clypeus, yellow. Antennae as long as the head and thorax, ferruginous, varied with black above, especially the seven or eight basal joints, apical joints generally ferru- ginous. Thorax rather finely and densely punctured and thickly clothed with rather long erect pale hairs ; black, sometimes with four subobsolete, longitudinal, ferruginous lines above between the wings, two on the disk and one on each side over the base of the wings ; collar, scutellum or two spots on it, and a more or less distinct line on the postscutellum, ferruginous; tubercles and tegul^e yellowish -ferruginous ; a yellowish or ferruginous spot beneath on the pleura anteriorly on each side of the fore feet, and sometimes a small ferruginous spot on each side beneath the base of the wings. Wings hyaline, iridescent, apical margins faintly clouded. Legs ferruginous, hairy beneath ; the coxae except tips, trochanters and the anterior and intermediate femora at base beneath, and the whole of the posterior femora except tips, black. Abdomen minutely punctured, slightly hairy on the sides and towards the apex; shining, ferruginous; base of the first segment above black ; posterior margins of all the segments more or less blackish ; on each side of the first segment a small yellowish spot which is generally want- ing •) on each side of the second segment at base, a large yellow ma- cula, either rounded or angular, pointed within and sometimes almost meeting on the disk, or forming a broad fascia somewhat attenuated within and slightly interrupted on the disk ; on each side of the third segment at base a smaller yellow macula, which varies in shape like those on the second segment, being sometimes a broad fascia, slightly interrupted on the disk, and sometimes reduced to a mere line on each side ; the fourth, fifth and sixth segments have on each side an oblong yellow spot or a line, all of which are sometimes subobsolete or want- ing; apical segment ferruginous, bifid at tip; beneath ferruginous, with the base of the first and the posterior margins of all the segments more or less black. Length 3i — 4^ lines. Eight specimens from Mas- sachusetts and Connecticut. This is evidently a very variable species and when a large series of specimens have been accumulated, they may possibly prove to be vari- eties of either Americana Kirby, valida Smith, ruficornis Linn., or hisignata Say; but with the limited number of specimens before me, it is impossible to identify the varieties with any described species, and I am therefore obliged to place them, for the present, under a new name. The males from which I drew out the above description and also some of the varieties of the female may not belong to this species, but as they approximate more or less, I would rather, for the present, in- clude them under one name. In Mr. Norton's collection there is a large male (5 lines long) from Connecticut, which is colored and marked like var. c of the female, except that the face is densely clothed with silvery-white pubescence, and the anterior part of the clypeus, labrum, mandibles except tips, and the orbits of the eyes beneath and on each side of the clypeus, are yellow. 25. N. bisignata Say. Nomada hisignata Say, Long's 2d Exp. ii, p. 3.34 9: Bost. J. N. H. i, p. 402 % . " Female. Head ferruginous, front with a large black spot, conflu- ent with another transverse one on the vertex; occiput and throat black; antennae blackish, beneath rufous; stethidium black, varied with ferruginous, and like the head rough with den.se punctures; tho- rax ferruginous, with a longitudinal black line; scutel ferruginous; 800 [November feet rufous"; tliighs black at base ; wings dusky, particularly on the margin of the terminal half; tergum rufous, the segments on their posterior margins, and the basal segment at base also black ; second segment with a large, lateral yellow spot, and a slight appearance of another on each side of the third segment. Length rather more than three-tenths of an inch. " This species varies in having the thorax black, with four ferrugi- nous lines. '• The male has the head black, with the nasus and mouth yellow; antennae beneath, rufous; the thorax has hardly any appearance of ferruginous, but the scutel in some specimens is of that color ; the thighs, particularly the posterior pair, have more black than those of the female. '• Var. Abdomen rufous, immaculate." I have before me 4 9 and 3 S specimens (Baltimore, Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad. ; Illinois, Coll. Mr. Walsh ; Connecticut, Coll. Mr. Norton) which probably belong to this species, as they answer to Says' descrip- tion, above quoted, very well. All the specimens, except one, have the yellow spot on each side of the third segment of the abdomen above, and two specimens have the four ferruginous lines of the thorax distinct. The males are smaller (3 lines) and more slender than the females, and the yellow spot on each side of the second abdominal seg- ment is very large and almost meeting on the disk. Some 9 varieties i)f xV. maculata n. sp., resemble those of this species, but as their an- tenna? are longer and more robust, I think they are distinct ; a large series of specimens, however, are required before a correct division of these allied varieties can be made. The variety with the '' abdomen rufous, immaculate," mentioned by Say. is probably referrable to N. inrcrta n. sp ? 26. N. perplexa u. sp. Female. Head dark ferruginous ; deeply, coarsely and confluently punctured ; a large spot in front about the base of the antennae confluent with a transverse one which encloses the ocelli, the throat, cheeks except orbits of the eyes, and the occiput, black. Antennae as long as the head and thorax; dark ferruginous varied with blackish behind, apical joint paler, sometimes tinged with yellow; scape black, ferrugi- nous at base. Thorax dark ferruginous, deeply, coarsely and conflu- 1863.] 307 eutly punctured, somewhat clothed with pale hairs on the pleura and metathovax ; a longitudinal dorsal line and another on each side of the disk, and the pleura except a small ferruginous spot on each side under the wings and a large one beneath both of which are sometimes obso- lete, black; scutellum subbilobate, prominent; metathorax much more finely punctured, black sometimes slightly stained with ferruginous. Wings subhyaliue, apical margins clouded, with a pale lunule near the tip ; nervures ])iceous. Legs slightly clothed with pale pubescence ; coxae black tipped with ferruginous ; trochanters and base of femora especially beneath, black, rest of the femora, the tibice and tarsi ferru- ginous, the latter sometimes slightly obfuscated. Abdomen finely punc- tured, shining, dark ferruginous; base of the first segment above black, the posterior margins of the first four segments generally blackish, on each side of the second segment a rather small round yellow spot ; posterior margin of the fifth segment whitish, and the lateral margins of the third, fourth and fifth segments slightly clothed with whitish hairs; beneath ferruginous, with the base of the first segment black, and the posterior margins of the first four or five segments generally blackish and slightly ciliated with whitish hairs. Length oi — 4 lines. ? Male. Differs from the female as follows : — Head entirely black, except the orbits of the eyes beneath near the mandibles, the anterior margin of the clypeus, the labrum and base of the mandibles which are yellow ; face clothed with silvery-white pubescence ; the antennae above are black except the apical joint which is pale ferruginous ; the au- tennse beneath are ferruginous with the scape in one specimen almost entirely black ; the thorax is entirely black, except the tubercles and a faint stain on the scutellum ; the legs are rather more stained with blackish, particularly the posterior pair; the abdomen rather darker, the yellowish spot on each side of the second segment above is larger and angular; the third segment has on each side anteriorly and im- mediately beneath the spot on the second segment a narrow yellowish transverse line or spot, apical segment bifid at tip. Length 8^ lines. Hah. Mass.. Conn , Penn.. Del. Collection Ent. Soc. Phila., and Mr. Edward Norton. Four 9 , and two % specimens. This species differs from those specimens which I have placed under hislgnata Say, by the darker color, by the coarser punctation of the head and thorax, and by the absence, in the females, of the yellow spot 308 [November on each side of the third abdominal segment above. The males from which the above description is taken, may not belong- to this species, as they have the yellow spot on each side of the third segment of the abdomen conspicuous ; but they are certainly distinct from the males which I have placed under lY. hisignata Say ; excepting, however, the yellow spots on the third abdominal segment, they have every appear- ance of being the true males of perplexa. All the specimens which I have placed under this species have four more or less distinct longitudinal ferruginous lines on the thorax above. 27. N. miniata Smith. Nomada miniata, Smith, Brit. Mvis. Cat. Ilym. ii, p. 250. f- " Female. Length 4i lines. — Head and antennte red, the apex o the mandibles fuscous. The thorax and legs red, the collar, a spot in front of the tegulse and a large macula on each side of the metathorax yellow, the latter covered with silvery-white pubescence ; two lines in the middle of the thorax, another passing over the teguhe and the scutellum pale red; the wings hyaline, slightly fuscous at their apical margins, the uervures ferruginous. Abdomen entirely red, the second segment having on each side an ovate yellow spot; beneath immaculate. " The yellow markings on the thorax are sometimes obsolete. " Hah. Georgia." Unknown to me. 28. N. Americana Kirby. Nomada Americana Kirby, Faun. Bor.-Ampr, iv, p. 269, pi, 6, fig, 3. '' Body dark ferruginous. Thorax with a longitudinal, mesal. black line, less distinct on the metathorax ; breast with a black spot on each side ; wings as in the rest of the genus, embrowned with a white spot near the tip, thighs black at the base on the underside ; first segment of the abdomen black at the base, and with the second and third brown at the apex. Length of body 42- lines. One specimen, taken at Lat, 65°." Not identified, 2H, N, valida Smith, Nomada mdida Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. Hyin. ii, p. 240. J , '■'■Female. Length 4 lines.— T31ack, the anterior portion of the cly- peus, and sometimes a dot above, the antennae, labrum, and mandibles and orbits of the eyes ferruginous ; the disk of the thorax lias on each 18G3.] 309 side a large oblong ferruginous spot deeply notched anteriorly ; the tubercles, a minute spot beneath the wings, sometimes united to a large one beneath, the scutelluni and two minute spots beneath on the metathorax, ferruginous; wings subhyaline, a pale spot towards their apical margins wdiich are clouded, their nervures pale ferruginous ; the coxae, trochanters and femora ferruginous towards their apex, the anterior pair of the latter being black merely at their extreme base ; the tibife and tarsi ferruginous. Abdomen ferruginous, the first segment being black at the base, the apical margins of the segments having an indistinct darker stain. •' Eah. Nova Scotia." Not identified. 7\^. incerta ( n. sp ?) may possibly be a variety of this species. so. N. incerta n. sp ? Female. Head dark ferruginous ; rather finely and densely punc- tured, clothed with short, somewhat silvery-white hairs, especially on the labrum and throat, very sparse on the clypeus ; a spot enclosing the ocelli and sometimes almost covering the vertex and extending to the base of the antennae, a minute dot on each side of the clypeus, the throat, and the cheeks posteriorly, black. Antennae about as long as the head and thorax ; dark ferruginous, more or less varied with black- ish especially towards the base behind. Thorax dark ferruginous; deeply and confluently punctured ; clothed with short, dense silvery- white pubescence, especially on each side of the metathorax ; a longi- tudinal impressed line on the disk extending from the collar to the scutellum. sides of the collar beneath, sides of the scutellum behind the insertion of the winus and the metathorax, which is sometimes varied with ferruginous, black ; the pleura is sometimes slightly stained with blackish; scutellum subbilobate, prominent; tegulae honey -yel- low, often with a minute fuscous spot on its disk. Wings fusco-hya- line, apical margins dark fuscous, with a pale lunule near the tip ; stigma ferruginous, nervures piceous. Legs ferruginous; coxae and trochanters beneath, base of the femora beneath, the posterior femora within, and sometimes with stains on their tibiae and tarsi, blackish. Abdomen above ferruginous, densely and distinctly punctured, the first segment and posterior margins of the remaining segments less dis- tinctly punctures, smooth, shining and somewhat paler than the rest of 310 [November the abdomen ; sometimes there is an indistinct blackish transverse stain on the middle of the segments ; extreme base of the first segment above more or less black; beneath ferruginous. Length 4 — ii lines. ffab. Conn., N. J., Penn., Md.,and 111. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phil., and Mr. E. Norton.) Thirteen 9 specimens. % unknown. I have failed to identify the species with either iV. Americana Kirby, or jV. valida Smith, to both of which it is closely allied. Some of the specimens before me were labelled as iV. valida Smith, but they do not satisfactorily agree with the description of that species ; they seem more closely allied to X. Amcriatna Kirby, but there is no "' black spot on each side of the breast," and the second and third segments of the abdomen are not " brown at the apex." However, allowing a wide latitude for variation, which is sometimes so great in this genus, it mav probably prove identical with either of the above-named species, hence I have described it as a doubtful new species. This species is probably what Say considered as a variety of his X. hiHif/nata with immaculate abdomen. In addition to the species above described, the two following are said to have occurred in North America. I have not been able to identify either species from among the specimens I have examined. I copy Mr. Smith's excellent descriptions of these two species, thinking that they might, perhaps, prove useful to students not having the original descriptions accessible. ;U. N. ruficornis Linn. Nomada ruficornis Linn. Ac. Smith, Bees of Great Britain, p. 118. " Female. Length o — 5 lines. — Head and thorax black, the clypeus and a spot above it, a line encircling the eyes, the labruni, mandibles and antennas rufous ; the scape has sometimes a black line at the sides. Thorax : the collar, tubercles, and a large patch on the sides beneath the wings, an epaulet over the tegulae, the scutellum, two minute spots beneath uniting with a larger patch on each side of the metathorax, two broad stripes on the disk, the tegulae and legs, rufous ; the femora more or less black at the base beneath ; the cox^ and trochanters also sometimes stained ; the wings fiisco-hyaline and having a dark narrow ^ fuscous cloud at their apical margins. Abdomen rufous, the base and the apical margins more or less black, the second segment having on each side a large angular yellow macula, the two following a broad 1863.] 311 fascia, and the fifth a large quadrate spot, yellow ; sometimes obscurely variegated with yellow-testaceous bauds or spots beneath. Male. Length 3 — iJ lines. — The scape in front, the clypeu.s, the face on each side, the labrum and mandibles, yellow ; the latter ferru- ginous at their tips ; the flagellum ferruginous, four or five of the basal joints above, as well as the scape above, black. Thorax black ; the tubercles, two spots on the scutellum. and the legs rufous ; the coxae, except at the apex, black ; the trochanters behind, the anterior and intermediate femora beneath at the base, and the posterior pair, except a line above, black ; sometimes a black line on the tibiae behind. Ab- domen rufous, the base black, the second and following .segments having a broad yellow band; the apical margins of the segments rufo-piceous ; beneath, the second and following segments have a transverse broad yellow macula ; sometimes entirely rufous beneath, or varied with in- distinct fuscous bands and yellow spots ; the yellow bands on the ab- domen above are frequently much attenuated in the middle, one or two of the apical ones being sometimes interrupted. '• It were vain to attempt to describe all the shades of variety in the markings of this species, particularly those of the males ; but the most prominent are pointed out, and the extremes most commonly met with ; some of the very small examples of the males have the scape and two or three joints of the flagellum nearly black ; the brightness of the ru- fous coloring also varies considerably, from a deep brick-red to a light red; the dark-colored examples have the wings also of deeper hue ; the spots on the metathorax of the female are sometimes obliterated, or partially so ; the spots on the scutellum of the male frequently dis- appear; and a variety is met with, but rarely, in which the rufous spots are replaced by yellow ones." 32. N. armata Schiififer. Nomada armata Schaff. &c. Smith, Zool. vii. Append, p. xli ; Ann. Nat. Hist. 2d ser. iv, p. 438 ; Bees of Great Britain, p. 130. pi. 1, fig. 5. ''Female. Length 51 lines. — Head and thorax black: the anterior margin of the clypeus, the mandibles and antennae, and sometimes a minute dot above the eyes, ferruginous ; the scape fuscous, the flagellum has the eighth and three following joints fuscous, the apical joint fer- ruo-inous ; a minute acute tooth in the centre of the labrum. Thorax : a narrow line on the collar, the tubercles, the tegulae, two spots on the 312 [December scutellum, and the postscutcllum, ferruginous ; a patch beneath the wings and the margin of the metatliorax fringed with silvery-white pubescence; the legs ferruginous, the coxae and trochanters, except their extreme apex, and all the femora towards their base beneath black; the basal joint of the posterior tarsi fuscous on the outside. Abdomen ferruginous, the base black; the second segment has on each side an ovate yellow macula, and the third and fourth segments a short transverse line on each side at their basal margins. •' Male. Length 5i lines. — Head and thorax black, the flagellum ferruginous, its two apical joints having a black spot above ; the man- dibles yellow, their tips ferruginous ; the labrura armed with a sharp tooth in the middle ; the face covered with silvery-white pubescence. Thorax : the pubescence on the disk yellowish, that on the sides and beneath, hoary ; the tubercles, tegulje, tibiae and tarsi, ferruginous ; the femora at their apex above, ferruginous ; the wings subhyaline. and having a fuscous cloud at their apical margins. Abdomen ferru- ginous, its base black ; the second segment has on each side a large ovate yellow macula, and the following segments a yellow line at their basal margins ; the fifth and sixth have sometimes a transverse band ; beneath, the intermediate segments have sometimes a transverse inter- rupted yellow line, and the three apical ones a central black dot." STATED MEETING, December 14. President Bland in the Chair. Seventeen members present. REPORTS OF OFFICERS AND COMMITTEES. The Annual Report of the Recording Secretary was read, as follows : — 1863.] 313 REPORT OF THE RECORDING SECRETARY FOR 1863. The Recording Secretary iu preseuting lii^; Report, would beg leave to state that it will of necessity be a very brief summary of the trans- actions of the Society during the past year. The Proceedings that are published from time to time, leaving but little matter wherewith to make out an Annual Report. It affords me much pleasure in being permitted to speak of the So- ciety, as being in still greater prosperity and advancement than at any time heretofore; a fact that will readily be established by reference to the Reports of the Committees to whose charge the various depart- ments have been entrusted. The Cabinet has been greatly increased during the past year, by numerous and valuable contributions from friends at home and abroad, tending to show the zeal and interest that is manifested in behalf of this interesting branch of natural science.* The Library has been largely increased during the past year, by the addition of many rare and valuable works, furnishing a pretty com- plete reference for the Student of Entomology. "j" For this rapid in- crease, the Society is greatly indebted to our fellow-member Dr. Thos. B. Wilson, who has thus shown his desire to encourage that spirit of investigation and study so necessary to carry out the objects for which this Society was organized. Not only does the Library bear witness of his noble and disinterested * The following extracts made from the Reiiorts of the Committees in charge of the various departments, will oxhiliit the condition of the Cabinet, at the present time : — Coleoptera now in Die Collection, o,9(iS species. Increase 929 species. Lepidoptera " " "' ' 3,854 •• '■ 2.450 H]/mcyioptera " '' "' 414 •• •' 197 Diptera " •' " 335 •• " 64 Neuroptera " " •' 121 '• •• 60 Orthoptera- " " " 51 •• •' 12 JTcmiptera ) ., ,^ ,< .^.c, .^ ., i.^i Aptera I Making a total of 9,025 species, being an inei'ease of 3,833 species during tlie past year. f There is now in the Library S9ii volumes ami pamjjhlets. being an increase of 417 during the past year. •^14 [December generosity, but every department of the Cabinet testifies to his zealous efforts for the promotion of Science. Cases have been added from time to time to meet the demands of an increasing collection, and in various ways has the Society been the recipient of his kindness and liberality, thereby securing for him the esteem and gratitude of all connected with this Institution. I would here state that one great source of increase to the Cabinet of the Society, has been through the agency of the Collecting Fund. Subscriptions to said Fund have been quite liberal, enabling us to se- cure jnany rare and valuable specimens, particularly from localities in the vicinity of the Rocky Mountains.* The printed Proceedings of the Society still continue to progress in a manner that is very gratifying to all who feel an interest therein. Through its pages much valuable and interesting information has been widely disseminated throughout the scientific world. The energy dis- played in this portion of the labors of the Society is deserving of com- mendation and cncoura2;ement. During the past year there have been presented for Publication 80 Papers, as follows : — t). By A. a. Grote, to wit : — "Additions to tlie Catalogue of United States Lepidoptera." 4 Papers. Nos. 2, 3, 4 & 5. *• A Revision of the species of Cymatophorina found in the United States and British America, with descriptions of new species." "Descriptions of North American Lepidoptera." No. 1. 3. By ^. T. Cresson, to wit : — " Descriptions of a new species of Masaris from the Rocky Mountains." •' List of the North American species of Bombus and Apatlius." " On tlie North American species of the genus Nomada." 2. By James H. B. Bland, to wit : — " Descriptions of a few supposed new species of North American Coleoptera." Nos. 1 & 2. * The Committee on Collecting Fund have purchased and presented the Cabi- net of the Society with the following number of sjjecies and specimens from tlie Rocky Mountains: — Of Coleoptera, 113 sjjecies, 319 specimens: of Lepidoj)- /era, 35 species, 65 S23ecimens; oi Ili/mcnoptera, 1G5 species, 273 specimens, — in all, 313 species, 657 specimens; they further presented from other sources, 23 s})ecies, 61 specimens of Lepidoptera, making a total of 336 species, 718 speci- mens. A large number of the species from the Rocky Mountains were very rare, — nearly one-half of the JIi/»ienopic7-a and several of tlie Lepidoptera and Coleoptera being new. 1863.] 315 2. By Baron R. Ostcn Sacken, to wit : — " Lasio]>tera reared from a gall on the Golden Rod." "Contributions to the Natural History of Cynipidse of the United States, and of their galls." Article 3d. 2. By Brackenridgc Clemens. M. D.. to wit: — '■ American Micro-Lepidoptera." 2. By W. H. Edwards, to wit :— •' Descriptions of certain species of Diurnal Lepidoptera found within the limits (if the United States and British America." Nos. 1 «t 2. 2. By WiUiam Saunders, to wit : — •• On some hitherto undesoribed Lepidopterous Larvte." •• Descriptions of two new sjjecies of Arctiidaj." 2. By Tryon Reakirt, to wit: — '•Notes on Central American Lepidoptera, with descriptions of new species." Nos. 14 2. 2. By P. R. Uhler, to wit :— •■ Hemipterological Contributions." Nos. 1 &. 2. I. By Edicard Norton, to wit: — " Catalogue to our known species of Ophion, Anomalon, Paniseus and Cam- poplex." 1. By William Couper, to wit :— " Importance of Insect Architecture to Entomologists, and Remarks on Tent- Buildiug Ants." I. By B. T. Stainton, to wit:— " Observations on American Tineina." 1. By J. W. Wcidemeyer, to wit : — "Catalogue of North American Butterflies." 1 . By Benjamin D. Walsh, to wit : — " Observations on certain North American Neuroptera, by H. Hagen, M. D.. of Kcenigsberg, Prussia; translated from the original French MSS., and published by jjermission of the author, with notes and descriptions of six- teen new North American specie^ of Pseudoneuroptera." 1. By Char-les A. Blake, to wit: — •• Deserij)ti(in of a supposed new species and genus of Saturniidfe, from the Rocky Mountains." 1. By if. i^. ^as.se«. to wit:— " Descriptions of several supposed new species of Cynips, with remarks on the formation of certain Galls." As will be seen by reference to the Reports of the Committees, as well as of the various papers published in the Proceedings, the depart- ments of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera receive by far the greatest atten- tion. But few persons seem inclined as yet to study out the remain- ing orders, most especially Neuroptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, &c., much remains to be done and it is earnestly hoped that ere long a ol(J [Decembkr deeper interest will be taken in said orders, so that they too may show an equally advanced condition. Durinii' the past year it was thought advisable to create an additional department in the Cabinet of the Society, to wit : — •' Insect Architec- ture," a department which, if properly attended to, will do much to- wards carrying out the objects of this Institution, — in ascertaining the character and habits of Insects. During the past year, ending November 30th, 1863, there have been elected 6 Kesident and 26 Corresponding Members. The Society now numbers 68 Resident and 74 Corresponding Mem- bers. All of which is respectfully submitted. J. Frank Knight, Recording Secretary. The Annual Reports of the Corresponding Secretary, Treasurer, and Standing Committees on Coleoptera, Lepidoptera. Hymeuoptera, Dip- tera, Neuroptera and Orthoptera, Hemiptera and Aptera, • Library, Publication, Collecting Fund and Insect Archrtecture, were read. DONATIONS TO CABINET. A very fine collection of local LEPiDOrTERA, containing 2160 spe- cimens, some of which are new and very rare ; presented by Dr. Sam- uel Lewis. 29 European CoiiEOPTERA (^Cicindela trisir/nata, Gicindela nigrita. Cnrahus nitens, Carahusi splendens, Carabus morbi/losus, Sphodrns Schreibersii, Anophthalmus J3ilimeku, Qusestus arcdniis % 9 , Adelopa Khevenhiillerij A. Miller i, Silpha grantdata, Hister major ^ Cctonia oh- loiuja^ Cetonia fimebris^ Cctoiuamhumata. Cctonia Jiorentina, (^etoiiia a_fflicta, Cctonia morio, Geotrupes gcminafus, Trichius zonatus, (Jlud- chophora mariana, Blaps similis, Blaj^s producfa, Criocephaim rusti- cus, Cerambyx heros), from Aug. R. Grrote. 4 Coleoptera (llclops gracilis Blan. Wingate. 1863.] 817 The following Lkpidoptera from the Committee on Collcctine Fund, were kindly determined for the Society by Mr. Aug. R. (h'ote of New York : — Omoiala vermindata Grrote (Type), Raphia abrupta Grrote, % 9 (Types), Dianthoecid capsularis Guen., Gorfi/na rutila Guen., Gorti/- )ia ju'f('/(( Guen., Acliatodes sandix Guen., Scolecocampa ligni Guen.. Agrotis texanus Grote, % 9 (Types), AntJiwcia marginata Haworth. Anthcecia Spragnel Grote, % 9 (Types), Antha'cia li/nx Guen., /-*/»- .s/o ignea Grote, (Type), Platma callfoniiaria H-S. DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. Sdliman's Ameriraii Journal of Science and Arfs^ for Novemher . 1863. From Dr. T. B. Wilson. S^iKpsis of Canadian Arctiadec, including some additional species lihelij to occur in Canada. By William Saunders. Pamphlet 8vo. From the Author. Prairie Farmer {Chicago, III). Vol. 12, Nos. 12 to 24. The following works were deposited by Dr. T.^B. Wilson : — Insecta Lapponica descripta a J. W. Zetterstedt. 1 Vol. 4to. Fauna Insectorum Lapponica. Atict. J. W. Zetterstedt. Pars. 1. 1 Vol. 8vo. Exejtic Butterflies. By W. C. Hewitson. Part 48. 4to. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie. Dcel 6, Stuk. 5. 8vo. Wiener Fntomologische 3Ionatschri/t, Band 7, No. 10. 8vo. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, 1863, No. 8. 8vo. The Zoologist for October, 1863. 8vo. NEW BUSINESS. On motion, the thanks of the Society were tendered to Dr. Samuel Lewis, for the fine collection of Lepidoptera presented by him this evenino-. On motion, the thanks of the Society were also tendered to Mr. Chas. Wilt, for the faithful services which he has rendered to the Society as Treasurer thereof. ELECTIONS. The Society then proceeded to elect Officers and Standing Commit- tees for the ensuing year, with the following result : — niK [Okcembkk OFFICERS. PKESIDENT. James II. B. Bland. VICE-PRESIDEKT. Charles F. Parker. CORRESPONDING SECRETARY. K. T. Cressoii. RECORDING SECRETARY. J. Frank Knight. TREASURER. Jame.s W. McAllister. STANDING COMMITTEES. COLEOPTERA. Samuel Lewis, M.I)., Ruhert Frazer. LEPIDOPTERA. Charles A. Blake, ^"g- K. Grote. HYMENOPTERA. J. W. McAllister. DIPTERA. T. B. Wilson, M. P., Charles Wilt, William Wenzel. NEUROPTERA AND ORTHOPTERA. Chas. F. Parker. James H. Ridings, Thos. B. Neely. HEMIPTERA AND APTERA. J. Frank Knight, Profr. Jacob Ennis, Robert Nuttell. LIBRARY. Charles A. Blake. Samuel Lewis, M. D.. Rev. W. P. Breed. PUBLICATION. T. B. Wilson, M.D., E. T. Cresson, John Meichel. COLLECTING FUND. Samuel Lewis. M. P. Robert Frazev. E. T. Cresson. INSECT ARCHITECTURE. J. Frank Knight. Charles A. Blake, Jas. H. Ridings. J. H. B. Bland. James Ridings, E. T. Cresson. James Ridings, 1863.] 810 Descriptions of a few supposed new species of North American COLEOPTERA. Xo. 2. BY JAMES II. B. BLAND. Bembidium Wingatei n. sp. Piceous, tinged with dark rufous; antenna; and legs rufo-fulvous. Ihih. Pennsylvania. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.) Body piceous. Head dark rufous, smooth and shining; palpi yel- lowish. Antennae rufo-fulvous, hairy, more than half the length of the hody. Thorax subcordate, blackish, very smooth and shining; the anterior and posterior margins dark rufous. A well impressed longitu- dinal dorsal line ; base with a few scattered punctures and having on each side a deep rounded impression ; posterior angles rather promi- nent. Elytra oblong, piceous tinged with rufous at base and apex, shining; disk flattened, with two dorsal punctures on the third stria of each elytron, the anterior puncture situated before the middle and the other at the posterior third; striae neatly punctured, well impressed at base, becoming obsolete at tip, interstices slightly convex, impunc- tured. Beneath dark brown, shining; abdominal segments reddish- brown, paler towards the apex. Legs rufo-fulvous. Length 2 J lines. Collected near Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, by Dr. J. D. Wingate. and presented by him to the Society. Helops gracilis n. sp. Elongate, black tinged with cupreous ; antennae with the apical joint as long as the third joint; elytra striated. Hah. New Jersey. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.) Body elongate, black tinged with cupreous, shining. Head densely punctured, black; front profoundly impressed. Antennae black, apical joint robust and as long as the third joint. Thorax densely punctured, slightly convex and somewhat narrowed in front, with the sides rounded, a shallow depression on the middle of the lateral margins. Scutellum rounded at tip. black, smooth and shining. Elytra wider than the thorax, elongate, sides parallel, gradually rounded at tip; striae entire, rather finely impressed, neatly and regularly punctured ; interstices smooth and flat. Beneath black, shining, finely punctured. Legs black. Length 4 — ih lines. 320 [Deckmbkr This species was collected by myself in Atlantic County. New Jer- sey. It is allied to H. venusta Say, but the thorax is not quadrate, and the elytral striae not so deeply impressed ; the form of the antennae is the same. Saperd.a F.\yi n. sp. Brown, thorax with a lateral, longitudinal white stripe, and the ely- tra with two basal, a median dorsal, and two subapical white spots ; sides of pleura and abdomen white. Hab. Ohio. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.) Female. — Cinnamon-brown ; punctured, and having an erect, scat- tered, black pubescence. Head rather spar.sely punctured, with a small white spot on each side of the vertex immediately behind the antennae; mouth slightly cinereous. Antennae black, the third and following joints densely clothed with cinereous scale-like pubescence. Thorax with an elevated, longitudinal dorsal line ; on each side of the dorsum a rather broad longitudinal white stripe, and on each side, immediately above the anterior legs, an acute-triangular white spot pointing ante- riorly. Legs black, densely clothed with cinereous scale-like pubes- cence ; coxae brown. Elytra more densely and deeply punctured than the rest of the body, and having a slight gloss ; at the base of each elytron, a slightly divergent, short, white vitta, sometimes interrupted posteriorly and apparently continuous with the white vitta on each side of the thorax ; on the middle of the disk of the elytra a large, elongate, confluent white spot, divided in the centre by the suture ; at the pos- terior fourth of each elytron an ovate white spot close to the suture, but not confluent with it ; tip slightly margined with cinereous. Sides of the pleura and abdomen broadly white, beneath cinereous-brown. Lena;th 6| lines. "a Male. — Differs from the female as follows : — Smaller and more slen- der ; general color dark rufous-brown ; the antennae are nearly as long as the body ; the thorax and head are rufous ; the white markings of the thorax and elytra, although similarly situated, are much less devel- oped and sometimes obsolete. Length 5 lines. The 9 of this species differs from the $ of *S^. cretata Newman, (a s]»ecimen of which is also in the Cabinet of the Society.) by the smaller size. — cretata being rather more than 8 lines long. — and the more slen- 1863.] 321 der and parallel form, by the presence on the elytra of the basal short white vittas, and the shape and position of the other white spots, the middle spot of cretata being large, broad, and somewhat elongate, emarginate at each end and not confluent with the suture, but forming a distinct spot on each elytron; while Fayi has a median, dorsal, elon- gate spot, confluent with the suture by which it is divided ; the pos- terior white spots on the elytra of the latter species are ovate and close to the suture, while those of cretata are large, irregular, contracted within, and situated as far from the suture as the lateral margin ; and by the white color on the sides of the abdomen being broader than in cretata which has the lower margin of the white sides deeply indented at the anterior part of each segment, giving it a strongly serrate appearance. The white markings of this species, as well as of cretata^ are com- posed of appressed hair-like scales. I have examined two pairs of this beautiful species (a pair in the collection of Dr. Samuel Lewis), both collected by Mr. H. T. Fay, of Columbus, Ohio, by whom the species was first discovered, and to whom it aff'ords me much pleasure to dedicate it. The Society is indebted to Mr. Henry Ulke, for the fine pair from which the above description is taken. ACM.^OPS INCERTUS n. Sp. Body blackish ; anterior margin of the thorax, lateral margins of the elytra and the femora, except tips, reddish. Hah. Virginia. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.) Head black, densely punctured, slightly sericeous ; sockets of the antennae reddish-yellow ; parts of the mouth black. Antennae three- fourths as long as the body, somewhat flattened, punctured, blackish, brownish towards the tip, rather thickly clothed with pale sericeous pubescence ; fourth joint shorter than the third, the fifth broader at tip than the other joints and as long as the second and third put to- gether. Thorax blackish, sparsely and finely punctured, densely clothed with yellowish pubescence ; narrowed in front, sides angulated ; ante- rior margin prominent, red ; disk rather broadly impressed anteriorly and having on each side a smooth shining space. Scutellum black, punctured and transversely impressed at tip. Elytra twice as wide as S22 [December the base of the thorax, black, deeply punctured, the punctures becom- ing finer and more dense towards the apex, sides parallel, gradually rounded at tip ; humeri prominent ; lateral margins not extending to the tip of the elytra, reddish-yellow ; a slight elevated longitudinal line on the middle ot each elytron, not quite reaching either the tip or the humerus. Beneath black, subsericeous. Legs blackish ; femora, ex- cept tips, reddish ; tibiae and tarsi tinged with reddish. Length 41 lines. This may possibly be an extreme variety of A. hivittata Say, but the thorax in front is not so much constricted as in that species. It was collected in Hampshire Co., Virginia, and presented to the Society by Dr. Thomas B. Wilson. Note. — Having submitted several of the insects described by me in the pages of these Proceedings to Dr. John L. LeConte, for examin- ation, he expressed a doubt in regard to the legitimacy of Desmocerus elongafus (Vol. 1, p. 269), believing it to be nothing more than a deeply stained specimen of palliafus. He recommended the specimen to be well soaked in benzine and ether. This was accordingly done, and upon examination his surmises were found to be correct, — the in- sect having recovered so much of its color as to place the question beyond a doubt. The Doctor also determined that my Ci/clocephala lurida is nothing more than a variety of C. immaculata. As I have not at my command sufficient material for a satisfactory comparative exam- ination of the insects, I must give up the species, although I do it with much doubt. I am not at all surprised to see that Dr. LeConte. in his " List" p. 50, lately published by the Smithsonian Institution, has made Cychi-ux Ridingail Bland, a variety of Andreivsn. When I undertook to de- scribe the insect, I was well aware that this was his opinion, as I had been informed that he had compared the insect with his specimen of Andreicsii, and had pronounced them one and the same. Having come to a different conclusion, after comparing it with seven specimens of Andrewsii (four in the collection of the Society and three from the cabinet of Dr. Lewis), I did not hesitate to describe it as a new spe- cies,— and it gives me pleasure to say that the question has been set at rest, very unexpectedly, by my friend Mr. H. Ulke of Washington, — 1868.] 323 Mr. Ulke having been so fortunate as to capture several specimens (identical with my type) in the neighborhood of Altoona, Penn.. this summer; — and what is more to the purpose, I am authoi'ized by that gentleman to say that he considers it a good species, and that he has pointed out to Dr. LeConte wherein it differs from the allied species of the genus. As this is a matter of some importance to me — a neophyte in the Science of Entomology — is it asking too much of Dr. LeConte to take an early opportunity of giving my bantling its proper place among its brothers and sisters in the beautiful Cychrus-family ? Descriptions of several supposed new species of CYNIPS, with remarks on the formation of certain Galls. BY H. F. BASSETT. The gall insects described in this paper were, with some other spe- cies, reared from galls collected during the past year in the vicinity of Waterbury, Ct. As I have not had an opportunity to compare mine with the named species in any collection, it is possible some of them may have been described before. Descriptions of several other species are withheld until another sea- son shall give me opportunity for further observations on their habits. QuERCUS Rubra. A snioothish, club-shajjed^ n-ootly knot, four inches lonieininator and operator are always found to cover a cluster of buds, either at or near the tips of twigs, and the large number of cells iound in some of these galls probably does not exceed the number of embryo leaves in the several buds. As seldom more than one or two of these buds are developed into leaves in the natural order of growth, the actual number of leaves on a given branch is very far short of the number that existed in ombi'yo. On carefully dissecting a gall of either C. q. semmator or oj^cnttor the cells are found attached, generally, to two or more centres, each of which is the axis of a bud. This axis is often considerably elongated in G. q. operator, even passing out through the gall, and, in some cases, bearing a few dwarfed leaves. (I here speak of the galls of C. q. operator, as I have found them on Q. ilicifolia and Q. palustris.) The axis of the galls of 0. q. semmator are, so far as my observa- tions extend, less developed, though, of course, much larger than in the embryo state. When the axis is short the cells are often so. crowded that many of them, especially the terminal ones, are raised on a pedicel. The long axis of the other species giving ample room, the cells are all sessile. Around each fascicle-like cluster of cells, but separated from the axis, are found the hud-scales of the original bud. These preserve all their characteristics as regards form, size and color, even to the hairs always present on the outside and edges. The woolly fibres on the galls of 0. q. seminator are attached to a lengthened beak of the cell, — quite above the place where the larva is found, — but in C q. operator the beak is nearly or quite obsolete, and the whole cell is covered with the fibres. The long, hairy beak and polished base of the cell of C. q. seminator lead me to think that the larva! egg is deposited in the petiole of the leaf, or at least the larva is developed there ; while the larva of C. q. operator is developed in the blade of the leaf and the cell, is, therefore, covered wnth the pubescence of the leaf. I have not fully investigated the eell structure of the larval cell, but in a rather hasty examination, under the microscope, of the outer and inner surface of the cell I thouo-ht I could detect something' of that difference of cell arrangement always existing between the upper and 1863.] 333 lower surface of the leaves of deciduous trees. But this would prove nothino- unless it could be shown that the peculiar arrangement is found in the embryonic leaf as well as in the developed form. The pills of C. q. seminator and operator have not yielded flies oi" any sort since the first of August, and, I think not. for some time pre- vious; yet there still remain in many of the cells small, perfect, living larvae. I expect that when the gall season again arrives they will pro- duce flies diff"ering from any they have hitherto produced. Having found, as before stated, two gall flies of the section Inqv! h'n^r in the act of ovipo.sition, I am satisfied that at least one species de]iosit their eggs nftcr the galls are more or less developed. The parasitic flies mentioned in the same connection, as being found on a white oak bush covered with what I take to be C. q. bafattis, did not come from the recent galls but from those of the previous year, many of which were still on the bush. This is sufiiciently proved by the fact that from the galls brought home no parasites of the same species have yet appeared. There are. however, in these dried and shrunken galls a few living larvje. Fur- ther, a large number of galls of apparently the same species, but larger, smoother and more woody were collected last winter and spring, and of the great number of flies produced from them, most, if not all, have the radial area closed, showing that they belong to the Inquilinae In regard to the time when those parasites oviposit, that appear at the same time, or nearly the same time with the true gall-flies, — whether belonging to the Chalcididce, the Ichneumonidae or the Inquilinae. I offer this conjecture: — That the female parasite closely follows the true Cynips, depositing her egg in the opening prepared for her by the ovipositor of the other, possibly because she may not be fitted by nature for this work, not having power to penetrate the bud ; probably, how- ever, becau.se her sting lacks the mysterious gall-producing power of the true gall-fly. •^•^^ [December Descriptions of North American LEPIDOPTERA— No. 1. BY AUG. R. GROTE. Curator of Entomology, Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sciences. SYNTOMOIDEA H-S. Genus OMOIALA m. ' Omoiala vermiculata •■'• m. Plate 6. Fig. 1. Habitat. Pike's Peak. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad. Gen. CTENUCHA Kirby. On page 174, Vol. 2, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., I described, under the present family, a new and beautiful species belonging to the genus Ctenucha Kirby, C. Cressonana m. (Plate 8, fig. 5), and in presenting the differences between it and other described species belonging to this genus, I referred to ('. Latreilhma Kirby, which latter species, though generally known under the name which Kirby gave it, has been recog- nisably figured and named by Charpentier in his edition of Esper's Exotic Butterflies. This species will be found figured on one of two supplementary Plates, not given by Esper in the original work, and I find no allusion to them in the accompanying text. (Vide Hagen Bib. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 216.) I therefore offer the following as the correct synonymv of this species, and one which has apparently been heretofore overlooked. Ctenucha virginica Charpentier. Sphinx/ virginica Charp. Edit. Esp. Exot. Schm. Sphing. Exot. Plate 2, fig. 3 ^ . 49, 18.30. Ctenucha Latreillana Kirby. Fauna Bor. Am. IV, p. 305, 1. (428) ]837. Glaucopis Latreillana Harris, Descr. Cat. N. Am. Sphing 39.6. Ctenucha Latreilliana Gosse, Can. Nat. p. 249. Ctenucha Latreillana Walker, C. B. M. Het. p. 282. * Ornamenta alarum hnjus speciei Stalachtis helieonides Bd. memorabile siniilia sunt. Spero, nomen, quod pro illo elegi, non diagnosis certe positum genus, nulla tani non necessita et incerta dicta accepturum esse, ut nonien Eumetopona in Vol. 1, p. 296, hujus scripturse accepit. (I substitute Omoiala for Lamprosoma, having discovered, unfortunately too late to make the correction on the Plate, that the latter name was preoccupied by Kirby in Coleoptera.) 1863.] 835 Ctenncha vir.jiuira is found most frequently in Canada, while T have taken it in damp woods in the vicinity of Buffalo. N. Y.. as well as along the Canada' shore of the Nia<;ara River. It has also been re- ported to me as having been taken in different parts of the Eastern ami Middle States. The caterpillar hybernates, forming a slight cocoon in May and June, the imago appearing in July and August. ARCTIOIDEA H-S. ARCTIA Schk. Arctia anna iiov. sp. Plate 8. Fig. 1. Anterior wings deep velvety black striped with pale yellow. Costa black with a small pale yellow streak at base ; subcostal vein to apical third, median vein and its two middle branches and submedian vein narrowly striped with pale yellow. A broader pale yellow band tra- verses the wing longitudinally from base to external margin becoming slightly forked at internal angle and upon which, in the terminal half of the wing, rests a series of pale yellow stripes in the shape of the letter K, with the straight stroke turned towards the base of the wing and the upper limb reflexed, at the apex, towards the costa. Fringes brownish black ; internal margin rather broadly striped with pale yel- low. Posterior wings brownish black, immaculate ; fringes of a more brownish shade. Under surface of wings dark brown and showing, on the anterior pair, traces of the broader yellow bands of the upper surface. Disk of the thorax and each tegula black bordered with pale yellow ; collar yellowish with two black spots ; base of the thorax show- ing a few reddish colored hairs ; head between the eyes pale yellow, without spot. Upper and under surface of abdomen immaculate and with under surface of thorax, legs and antennae, deep brownish black ; palpi black. $ . Exp. li inch. Hah. Pennsylvania. The blackish, immaculate abdomen and posterior wings separate it from any species of North American Arctia known to me ; in the dis- position of the stripes on the anterior wings it presents most resemblance perhaps to Arctia virgo L. For a $ specimen in fine preservation the Cabinet of this Society is indebted to Dr. Samuel Lewis of Philadelphia. 336 [December NOTODONTINA H-S. HETEROCAMPA Doubleday. Heterocampa subalbicans nov. sp. Plate 8, fig. 2. Anterior wings whitish grey, darker shaded along the transverse pos- terior line and on internal margin. Basal and transverse anterior lines blackish, nearly straight, geminate, irregularly dentate. Median space showing a bilobed distinct black discal lunule and a brownish shade band running obliquely from the internal margin, outside of the costal spot, to the discal space where it is bent and runs inversely to costa. Transverse posterior line oblique, distinct, blackish, geminate, regu- larly dentate. Terminal space lighter than median, blackish at inter- nal angle, with an indistinct subterminal shade line and a terminal series of distinct black spots between the veins. Fringes grey inter- rupted with black at the extremities of the veins. Posterior wings brownish grey, darker along the external margin, immaculate; fringes greyish interrupted with black. Under surface of wings brownish grey with a faint lighter median shade band on the posterior pair. Head and thorax whitish grey, latter blackish posteriorly ', tegulae bordered with black. vVbdomen same shade as the posterior wings; antennae simple, whitish at the base. 9 . Exp. 2 inches. Hab. Penn. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad. I am not able to recognise in this species any of Mr. Walker's de- scriptions in the present genus, and believe it to be hitherto unde- scribed. RAPHIA H-V. H-S, R. abrupta nov. sp. Plate 8, fig. 3, 9 • 5 . Exp. li inch. Anterior wings dark grey; median lines black- ish. The transverse anterior line, inclining outwards, runs straightly till below the discal space, there forming a single, deep indentation towards the base of the wing; the transverse posterior line forms a wide outward curve, projected superiorily, from the costa till below the discal space, thence sinuate to internal margin. Terminal and subter- minal spaces clear grey; subterminal line obsolete. Median space grey, whitish on the costa and between the ordinary spots. Orbicular spot rounded, moderately large and distinct, whitish, ringed with black ; reniform spot distinct, of the normal shape, with a greyish centre, ob- scured superiorily by a blackish shade which extends to the costa; 1863.] 337 fringes whitish, interrupted with grey. Posterior wings obscure whit- ish, with a distinct median line and traces of others indistinct; an;il angle darker shaded j fringes as on anterior wings. Under surface of anterior wings showing a discal dot and blackish transverse band and half-band. Under surface of posterior wings show- ing a discal dot aud an irregular darker shaded median line. Antennae moderately short aud stout with a basal tuft. Collar blackish ; thorax and teguke greyish. Abdomen stout, exceeding the posterior wings, without apical tuft, crested on all the segments, grey, lighter shaded underneath. S. Exp. 14 inch. Resembles 9 5 antennae finely pectinated; anterior wings showing a faint whitish subterminal line, orbicular spot much reduced. Three specimens S S ? . Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad. Resembles Raphia hijhris Htibner (H-S. Neue Schm., fig. 62 $ ) in size and appearance, but 1 think differs specifically by the ornamenta- tion of anterior and coloration of posterior wings. The genus Raphia., of which R. ahrupta is the only North Ame- rican species known to me, shows some affinity to the genus Diphthera ; its position under the present family is in accordance with the classifi- cation of Dr. Herrich-Schaefier. R. ahrupta is generically distinct from the species included under Raphia Walk,; and as I regard it as congeneric with R. htjhris Hiib. H-S., which I do not find in C. B. M., I describe it under the present generic name which has been appar- ently misapplied by Mr. Walker. CYMATOPHORINA H-S. Lacinia expultrix Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Thilad., Vol. II, p. 58. Plate 2, fig. 6 9 . Since naming this species as a variety of L. ci/matophoroides Cluen., I have had occasion to examine very many % 9 individuals of it in private collections, and my observations, as well as those on the larva (Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad., A^ol. II, p. 134), induce me to regard this as a distinct and valid species, although confounded with L. ci/matopho- )-oides, by Messrs. Gruenee and Walker, and as such it will retain the name I have given it as above. The genus Lacinia* though not very strongly distinct from Thyaty- * Genus Molluscorum. I refer to M. Guenee's opinion on the generic name Colocasia Ochs. Noct. 1, p. .39, and think it unnecessary to change the name I at first adopted. 338 [December ra, is composed of two generically inseparable species (//. ci/mafopho- roidrs and L. expultn'x) differing from the rest of the family by the ornamentation and proportionate length of the % abdomen and these characters, as well as those I have elsewhere indicated, will, in my opinion, prevent its being united with Thi/af//ra. from which it also differs in the minor character of wing ornamentation, forming, in its present position, a natural transition between Leptina and Gonopliora. The following is a list of the described North American species of Cymatophorina; the synonyms are in italics^ and the references pur- posely omitted. The species marked with a * are represented in the Cabinet of this Society. * expultrix Grote. 9 cymatophoroides Guenee. var i3. cymatophoroides Walker. GONOPHORA Bruand. scripta Gosse. abi-asa Guenee. THYATYRA Oehs. * pudens Guenee. CYMATOPHORA Treits. caniplaga Walker. LEPTINA Guen. * dormitans Guenee. * ophthalmica Guenee. * latebricola Grote. Doubledayi Guenee. LACINIA Grote. * cymatophoroides Guenee. NOCTUTNA H-S. PHILOCHRYSA nov. gen. Antennae short, stout, simple ; head depressed ; eyes large ; pro- boscis short, slender; palpi depressed, short, not exceeding the head, well clothed with hair, terminal joint well defined, pointed ; thorax convex, stout; abdomen stout, hardly exceeding the posterior wings; not crested nor tufted on the sides, anal segment moderately tufted in the % . Anterior wings straight along the costa ; apex prolonged, rounded ; exterior margin rounded, very oblique ; median nervure throwing off 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th inferior nervules, 1st and 2nd springing from almost the same place ; costal and subcostal nervures in the posterior wings diverging from a common stem near the base of the wing. This generic description is drawn from two S individuals, one of which, in good condition, was taken in Pennsylvania and is now in the Collection of this Society; the other, in indifferent preservation, was kindly lent me by Dr. Morris of Baltimore, and reported to him as having been taken in the vicinity of Washington, D. C. The single 1863.] 389 species on which this genus is founded has been apparently overlooked by former describers althouah its extremely showy colors make it easy of description and a desirable subject to figure. This genus presents many affinities to the C'ymatophorina, but tlie nervulation of the posterior wings clearly excludes it from that fimily. T am inclined to regard it as forming the connecting link between the Cymatophorina and Noetuina, and as such it should head the present femily, but I need more material for further dissections to assure me that the position here assumed is the correct one. P. regnatrix nov. sp. Plate 8, fig. 4. Anterior wings bright pink; median space black superiorily. show- ing the ordinary spots large, well defined, with black centres and broadly margined with orange. Median lines black, apparent only on the inferior half of the wing ; the transverse posterior succeeded by an undulating series of black spots which traverses the wing from costal to internal margins and runs parallel to the sul)teruiinal line which consists of a similar series of larger black spots. Base of the wing pink, showing the median nervure black, bordered inferiorily by an orange stripe which extends across the median space to the trans- verse posterior line ; costa tinged with orange and black. Terminal space black, interrupted with pink and with a terminal row of squarish orange colored marks which extends from apical to internal angles. Posterior wings, as well as under surface of both pair, blackish, im- maculate. Thorax and head blackish sprinkled with whitish; abdo- men black; antennae light colored on the inside, blackish outwardly. % expands 1 1 inch. The markings are distinct and well defined, and the colors remark- ably vivid. Genus ANTH(ECIA Boisduval. I. Anthoecia marginata Haworth." Cramhus marginatus HawortL, 374. * The syiionjnny of this species here adopted is indicated by Guenee (Del- toides et Pyralites p. 128). The original description (vide Stephens) leaves lit- tle doubt that this is the species intended and is as follows: "Alis fuseescenti- bus, fasciis duabus fuscis albo marginatis, antica basi, postica margiuali." Small specimens of this species, especially when rubbed, have much the aj)- pearance of the family under whicli it was originally described. During my investigation of the present synonymy I was much indebted for kind as*~ist- 340 [December Pi/ralis marginatusf Stephens. Cat. II, 160. No. C>7T7 : Haust. Vol. IV. p. 26; Wood, In. Ent. pi. bi, fig. 68; "West, and Humph. Vol. II, p. 91—92. AnthcEcia rivulosa Guenee, N'oct. II, p. 184. PI. 9, fig. 12; Walker, C. B. M. Noct. p. 694. Anterior wings dark olivaceous grey, liaving the powdery appear- ance of Gorti/na niteJa. Basal and subterminal spaces blackish tinged with olivaceous, median and terminal spaces dark grey. Median lines pure white, distinct, continued from costal to internal margins, the transverse anterior forming a single curve, the transverse posterior sinuate, both lines approaching below the discal space; subterminal line faint, whitish, nearly straight. Reniform spot black, rounded, vague, often indistinct. Posterior wings dark greyish without markings. Under surface of anterior wings dark grey showing indistinctly a discal spot and subterminal line; underside of posterior wings lighter shaded than anterior, with a discal lunule and a darker band along the exter- nal margin ; thorax and abdomen greyish ; the sexes alike. Expanse 4 — 1* inch. Habitat. Occurs throughout the Middle and Eastern States. I have seen also specimens from Maryland, Canada and New Brunswick. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila. and various private collections. Among the numerous S and 9 individuals that I have examined there are no marked varieties. In a single % specimen (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) the white median lines approach so closely, towards the centre of the wing, as almost to become confused. 2. Anthoecia arcifera % Guenee, Plate 6, fig. 3. Anthoccia arcigera Guenee, Noct. II, p. 184. Anthcecia arcigera Walker, C. B. M., Noct. p. 694. Anterior wings dark olivaceous-brown, silky, the basal and subter- minal spaces ferruginous, the median space showing a blackish posterior ance to Mr. Steplien Calverley, Brooklyn, L. I., in whose collection this species is numbered 937. f This name has been referred doubtfully, and I must think erroneously, as a synonym to Asopia ruhidalis S. V., by Lederer in his " Beitrage zur Kennt- niss der Pyraliden." Wien. Ent. Monat. 1863, \x 342. J " Guenee, Rectification des doubles noms, Errata Noct. Vol. Ill, p. 399." I cannot follow M. Guenee in his alterations of the specific names of other authors in the present group; in this instance, however, the change is made in his own species and should be followed. This correction was accidentally omitted on the accompanying Plate. 1863.] 341 shade. Median lines distinct, narrow, whitish tinged with the adjoin- ing colors, the transverse anterior formings a single curve, the trans- verse posterior slightly sinuate. There is a terminal row of black dots; fringes long. Posterior wings black, immaculate ; fringes whitish. Under side of both pair of wings black tinged with reddish along the costal and external margins. Head and thorax brown ; abdomen dark brown, terminal segment yellow. — Exp. 1 inch, % 9 • Hah. I have seen only specimens from N. Y. State. Coll. Ent. Soe. Phil.. Messrs. F. & J. Tepper and E. L. Graef, Brooklyn, L. I. M. Guenee does not notice the different coloration of the anal seg- ment and merely says in his description, " Corps brun." In other re- spects his description perfectly accords with my specimens, and I have no doubt that this is the species intended. 3. Anthoecia Spraguei uov. sp. Plate 6, fig. 4 '^ , 5 9- Alas anteriores mixtae e rubro et cinereo colore ; regiones subtermi- nales et basales obscuriores, rubrfe-brunneoe, priores cum olivacea tinc- tura, prassertim femina. Lineae mediales distinctae ; transversale an- terius egalem di-orbem formans ; transver.sale posterius pnene perpen- diculare tantuui inferior pars anteriori transversali se advertens. Alas posteriores clarae flavae cum nigra lunula et terminali lato lino. Abdo- men flavum. Anterior wings reddish olivaceous-grey, silky. Basal and subterminal spaces rich reddish brown, latter tinged with olivaceous especially in the 9 . Median space reddish gray with a darker posterior shade ob- scuring, in some specimens, the reniform spot; terminal space darker than median. Median lines distinct, whitish, tinged with the adjoin- ing shades, the transverse anterior forming a single even curve, the trans- verse posterior almost straight with a slight inclination towards the trans- verse anterior below the discal space. Subterminal line merely indi- cated by the difference between the coloring of the terminal and sub- terminal spaces; there is a terminal row of black marks; fringes long, dark olivaceous, Posterior wings light yellow with a broad black ter- minal band narrowest at anal angle and a blackish discal lunule ; fringes light. Under surface of anterior wings blackish, tinged with red along the external margin, yellowish at base and along internal margin and showing a black discal spot and band. Under surface of posterior wings yellowish, with a well defined median blackish band, tinged with 342 [December red along the upper and external margins, blackish towards the anal angle. Antennas brown on their upper surface, lighter underneath. Upper and under surface of thorax, tegulfe and head rich reddish brown; palpi brown, terminal joint the darkest; tongue blackish, lighter at the base, as long as the thorax. Abdomen entirely yellow, not banded, shaded with reddish underneath. Expanse | — li inches. Huh. Mass., New York. Pennsylvania. Coll. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci., Ent. Soc. Philad., and of Messrs. Harvey J. Rich and F. and J. Tepper, Brooklyn, L. I. In single specimens (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) the transverse posterior line is more arcuated superiorily than in the specimens I have figured and the discal lunule on the posterior wings is almost obliterated. This very distinct .species unites, in the ornamentation of anterior and posterior wings, the 1st and 2nd groups of the three into which M. Gruenee resolves the present genus. As these groups are artificial and founded apparently on no affinities of structure, I have not felt justified in retaining them. I have dedicated this species to my friend and brother Entomologist Henry S. Sprague. of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. 4. Anthoecia jaguarina Guenee. Anthcecia jaguar) na Guenee, Noet. II, j). ISi. PI. 9, fig. 11. Anthoecia jaguarina Walker, C. B. M. Noct. p. (594. " Anterior wings reddish with the two median lines well defined, of a lighter color and broadly shaded exteriorily with olivaceous ; the transverse anterior line strongly curved ; the transverse posterior an- gulated opposite the discal space, curved below it. Median shade oli- vaceous, narrow, zigzag, crossing the reniform spot which is of the same color. Subterminal line hardly perceptible, preceded by a dark costal mark [in M. Guenee's figure two blackish rounded superposed spots]. Posterior wings dark yellow .showing a large black discal spot and basal streak and a terminal black band vaguely spotted with yellow about the centre. Under surface dark yellow; anterior pair showing a basal mark, a discal spot and band all black; posterior pair with the discal spot and band nearly obliterated ; $ and % alike. "• Hab. North America." Unknown to me. M. Gruenee's figure should render this species readily recognisable. 1863.] 343 5. Anthoecia lynx Guenee, Plate 6, fig. 6. AniliKcia lynx Guenee, Noct. II, p. 1S5. Anthoecia lynx Walker, C. B. M., Noct. p. 694. Anterior wings ochraceous grey; subterminal, basal and part of the median space brownish olivaceous. The median lines indistinct ; the subterminal wanting, being merely indicated by the difi'erence in col- oring between the terminal and subterminal spaces. Ixeniform spot large, vague, indistinct. Posterior wings bright yellow, showing a large dis- cal luuule and a well defined terminal band, black. Under side yel- low, the costa and external angle touched with ferruginous ; the an- terior pair showing a black subterminal band and two large discal spots; the posterior pair showing the markings of the upper surface, anterior half of the band yellowish. Abdomen yellowish ; thorax and head ochraceous. Exp. f inch. Hah. I have seen specimens from Mass., New York and Pennsyl- vania. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad., Messrs. E. L. Graef and Harvey J. Rich, Brooklyn, L. I. 6. Anthoecia tuberculum Iliibner. Melicleptria tiibo'culum Hiibner, Zutr. No. 259, fig. 517. 518. Anthcecia tuberculum Guenee, Noct. II, p. 185. Anthoecia tuberculum Walker, C. B. M., Noct. p. 695. " Anterior wings light ochraceous shaded with reddish olivaceous at the base, in the median space and especially behind the transverse pos- terior line where it forms a band taking up all the subterminal space. Reniform spot more or less di.stinct. darker shaded. Posterior wings black with the base yellow showing a discal spot which is confounded infer iorily in the black color of the rest of the wing. Under side of anterior wings with the discal space black showing a black band en- larged inferiorily; posterior wings with a basal streak, a discal lunule and internal half band, black. Abdomen distinctly banded with yel- low and black. 9 darker, the markings on the anterior wings indistinct and the po-sterior wings of a more intense black than in the S . The half-band on the underside of the posterior wings joined to the costal margin by an indistinct series of blackish atoms." " Ifab. Pennsylvania. Hiib." Unknown to me except by Hiibner's figure. •^^-^ [Dkcember ". Anthoecia bina Guenee. A ntlui fia hi mi (Tiienee. Noct. II. 186, Anthcecia bina Walker, C. B. M.. Noct. p. 695. " Anterior wings reddish brown varied with olivaceous yellow, the latter shade obtaining principally in the median space, the former at the base. Two white costal spots, more apparent in the $ , indicate the commencement of the median lines-which are very indistinct. Pos- terior wings black, costal margin slightly tinged with yellowish and twd spots of the latter shade on the discal space; fringes yellow. Un- der side varied with black, light yellow and brownish red ; posterior wings showing the subterminal band distinct, half black, half red. Abdomen distinctly banded; palpi perceptibly longer than in the ])re- ceeding species. 9 darker, more reddish than the % ." '• Hub. North America." Unknown to me. Said to resemble Anthoeria tuhercidum and td have in common with that species, a resemblance to certain Pyralids belonging to the genus Pi/rausta. GEOMETllIXA H-S. Plataea californiaria H-S. Exot. p. 43 and 61, fig. 537. Ala3 anteriores cinereoe-brunneae, discali lunula alba, margiiie costali depresso, apice prolongato. Lineae mediales dentata^. obscuriores. alb;e lat;\3 marginatje, conflueates in margine inferiore. Linea subtermina- lis lata, alba, duo-flexa. Alae inferiores sordide-albae; antennae bipec- tiiiritte; thorax et abdomen sordide-album ; tegulse albfe. 9. A specimen in the Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.. from Pike's Peak, differs from H-S. figure by the gi-ound color of the anterior wings being of a uniform brownish grey showing also a white lunulated discal spot in- stead of the black dot with which H-S. represents it. It differs also by both median lines being largely bordered with white and by the presence of several white streaks in the median space. The median lines also do not approach so closely, nor is the posterior line so acutely toothed as in H-S. figure. These differences are perhaps sexual — H-S. figure is evidently S , while the specimen I have before me, though its condition does not admit of absolute certainty, I judge to be 9 • The description of Gorijtoden nncanarla Grueu. U.& P. Vol. II, p. 180 (1S57) refers undoubtedl}^ to this species (Vide j\J orris' Cat.) but according to H-S. Exot. p. (il. the name I have retained above has 2:)riority, having been published in 1S55. 1S03.] 845 Notes on Central American LEPIDOPTERA, with descriptions of new species. No. II. BY TRYON REAKIRT. PIERID.E. EUTERPE Swainson. 1. E. Bithys. Htibu. Delius Bithjs, Hiibu. Zut. f. 467, 468. (1818.) E. Biih/s, Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 410, n. 7. (18:56.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 22. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 34, n. 4. (1847.) Nicaragua. An unusual visitant in that section, inhabiting chiefly the valley of the Amazon. 2. E. Nimbice. Boisd. Boisd. Sp. Ge'n. I, p. '409, n. 6. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 22. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 34. n. 7, t. 5. f. 1. (1847.) Morris' Cat. p. 3. (1860.) Chiapas. 3. E. Eudoica, nov. sp. Head, antennae and palpi, black; thorax, abdomen and legs, dark brown. Upper surface, bi'ownish black; a macular band, orange, divided by black nerves and nervules, traverses the middle of the wino's, consist- ing, on the primaries, of five spots, the first being in the lower part of the cell, the last on the middle of the interior margin ; on the second- aries of eight ; the third, in the upper angle of the post-apical, and the fifth in the lower angle of the medio-central interspace, are very small; the seventh and eighth, on the abdominal margin, are yellow. Two detached oval spots on the apical area of the primaries, just above the origin of the third sub-costal nervule ; a marginal row of small indis- tinct yellow crescents. Fringe, alternating brown and white. Expanse 2.68 inches. Under side, primaries, brown; costa. white near the base of the wing; the transverse band and spots are the same as above. In the apical area, near the anterior margin, a white mark, dashed with orange, and divided by a black nervule ; on each side of the post-apical ner- vule. a sagittal bar pointing inwardly, the head, white and orange, the 346 [December shaft, arising from the margin and nearly approaching the head, orange ; short orange lines arise from the middle of each area, on the posterior margin. Secondaries, brownish black, nervules, margined with light brown ; a white dot at the base ; a white line, orange at the upper part, curved and projecting interiorly, extends down the costa ; an orange spot be- low the curve ; the macular band as above, but the spots are smaller and margined with white, and the orange of the fourth is pro- longed interiorly ; above this band, and below the sub-median ner- vure. four small orange lines ; two orange dashes in the inferior portion of the discoidal cellule ; the lower part of the interspaces occu- pied by elongated crescents, orange in the middle, and white at the extremities ; yellow cones, arising from the margin, extend into the spaces contained within the wings of these crescents. Honduras. 4. E. Swainsonii, Gray. G. R. Gray, in Griffith's An. Kingdom, t. .38, f. 2. 3. (1832.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 22. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I. p. 34, n. 16. (1847.) Chiapas. LEPTALIS, Dalraan. 1. L. Nehemia, Boisd. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 528, n. 132. (1836.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 37, n. 27. (1847.) Lept. Cydno, E. Doubleday. Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 75. (1842.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 23. (1844.) Morris' Cat. p. p. 3. (1860.) Chiapas. 2. L. Jethys, Boisd. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 423, n. 13. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 23. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 37, n. 18. (1847.) Morris' Cat. p. 3. (1860.) Chiapas. PIEEIS, Sell rank. 1. P. Monuste, Linne. Pap. Mon. Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulric. p. 237, n. 56. (1764.) Linn. Syst. Nat. II, p. 760, n. 80. (1867.) Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 470, n. 117. (1775.) Cram. II, p. 71, t. 141, f. F. (1776.) Goeze, Ent. Beitrage, III, p. 13y, SO. (1779.) 1863.] 347 Fab. Sp. Ins. II. p. 41, n. 163. (1781.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II, p. 19, n. 191. (1787.) Fab. Ent. Syst. Ill, i, p. 189, n. 585. (1793.) Mylothris Mon. Hiibn. Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 91. (1816.) P(er).s Mon. Godt. Enc. M. IX, p Ul, n. 79. (1819.) Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 495. n. 88. (183C.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 29. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 49, n. 106. (1847.) Morris' Synopsis, p. 16, n. 1. (1862.) var. Pi. Cleomes, Boisd. et Lee. p. 43, t. 16, f. 1—5. (1833.) var. 9 Pi. Suasa, Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 549. n. 160. (1836.) Pap. Alcyone, Cram. I, p. 89, t. 58, f. A. B. (mas.), f. C (foem.). (1775.) Goeze. Ent. Beitrage, III, p. 173, n. 40. (1779.) Pontia Feronia, Steph. Illus. Haust. I, p. 149. (1827.) Pi. Orseis, Godt. IX, p. 141, n. 78. (1819.) Honduras. 2. P. Demophile, Liune. 9 Pap. Devi. Linn. Amoen. Acad. VI, p. 406, n. 66. (1764.) Linn. Syst. Nat. II, p. 761, n. 82. (1767.) Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 472, n. 124. (1775.) Goeze, Ent. Beitrage III, p. 141, n. 82. (1779.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II, p. 19, n. 200. (1787.) Fab. Ent. Syst. Ill, i. p. 192, n. 596. (1793.) Clerck. Icon. t. 28, f. 4. (1764.) -^ . 9 . Myl. Dem. Hilbn. Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 91. (1816.) ^ . 9 . Pi. Dem. Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 24. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 49, n. 120. (1847.) 9 . Pap. Molphea. Cram. II, p. 20, t. Ill, f. C. (1776.) Goeze, Ent. Beitrage III, p. 179, n. 64. (1779.) % . Pap. Amathonte, Cram. II, p. 29, t. 116, f. A. B. (1776.) Goeze, Ent. Beitrage, III, p. 179, n. 6.3. (1779.) Fab. Sp. Ins. II. p. 51, n. 170. (1781.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II, p. 19, n. 193. (1787.) ^ . 9 . Pi. Amath. Godt, Enc. M. IX, p. 157, n. 132. (1819.) Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 438, n. 1. (1836.) Honduras. I believe this to be the only authenticated instance in which this species has been found so far north. All the authorities I have con- sulted ojive it a more southern locality. 3. P. Pyrrha, Cram. Pap. Pyr. Cram. I, p. 97, t. 63, f. A. B. (1775.) Fab. Sp. Ins. II, p. 46, n. 200. (1781.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II, p. 42, n. 416. (1787.) '^4!^ [December Pi. Pi/r. Godt. Enc. M. IX, p. 155, n. 128. (1819.) Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. 6.3, t. 32, f. 3. (1835.) Boisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. 440, n. 4. (1736.) Gat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 24. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 49, n. 125. (1847.) P Pap. Pamela, Cram. VI, p. 61, t. 319, f. A. (1782.) 9 var. Pap. Iphigenia, Fab. Mant. Ins. II, p. 21, n. 220. (I7S7.) Fab. Ent. Syst. Ill, i. p. 109, n. 621. (1793.) ? Goeze, Ent. Beitrage III, p. 170, n. 29. (1779.) Perrhybris Eueidias, Hubn. Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 91. (1S16.) Nicaragua. The remarks made upon Pi. Demnphile will also apply to this spe- cies. It is rather singular that Goeze should have referred to Fabri- cius' Mantissa, when the latter work was not issued until eight years after the date of Groeze's publication. i. P. Aripa, Boisd. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. 528, n. \?A. (1836.) Doubled, and Hewits, I. p. 50, n. 130. (1847.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII. App. p. 8. (1848.) Chiapas. 5. P. Elodia, Boisd. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 529, n. 134. (1836.) Doubled, and Hewits, I, p. 50, n. 132. (1847.) Morris' Cat. p 3. (1860.) Chiapas. These two closely resemble each other. 6. P. Drusilla, Cram. 9 Pap. Drus. Cram. II, p. 21, t, 110. f. C. (1776.) Goeze, Ent. Beitrage III, p. 178, n. 59. (1779.) Pi. Drus. Godt, Enc. M. IX, p. 146, n. 98. (1S19.) Boisd. Sp. Ge'n. I, p. 492, n. 81. (18;!G.) Myl. Mnrgnrlta. Ilubn. Samml. Exot. Sc-hmett. (1806 — 27.) Pi. Marg. Cat. Brit. Mu.s. VIII, p. 33. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 51, n. 157. (1848.) Myl. Molpadin Hiibn. Zut. f. 259, 260. (1823.) Pi. IJaire, Htibn. Verz. bek. Schmett. ji. 91. (1816.) Godt. Enc. M. IX, p. 142, n. 83. (1819.) Boisd. Sp. Gen. p. 491, n. 80. (1836.) 9 Pi. Mysia. Godt. Enc. M. IX, p. 143. n. 87. (1819.) Chiapas. [ can see no reason why the priority of Cramer's name should not 1S63.] :U!> eutitle it to preference over the two now used by different autlioi-itics. Pi. Ihilrr and Pi. Mdnjivlfa. 7. P. Flippantha, Fab. l'. 67. n. 7. (1847.) Morris' Synopsis, p. 25, n. 1. (1862.) Pap. Sennoi. Linn. Syst. Nat. II, p. 764. n. 103. ( 1767.) Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 477, n. 150. (1775.) Goeze, Ent. Beitrage IIL p. 154, n.l03. (1779.) Fab. Sp. Ins. II, p. 49. n. 213. (1781.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II, p. 24. n. 246. (1787.) Merian Ins. Surinam, ]). 58, t. 58. (1719.) Seba. Mus. IT. '^. t. 10. f. 13, 14.— 17, 18?— (176.i.) 9 . t. 2.3, f. 13, 14. (1705.) 352 [December % 9 . Call. Marcellina. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 615. n. 9. (1836.) Honduras. 2. C. Marcellina, Cram. % . I'ap. Marcellina, Cram. II, p. 103, t. 16.3, f. A— C. (1776.) Goeze, Ent. Beitrage III, p. 181. n. 72. (1779.) Fab. Sp. Ins. II. p. 49, n. 214. (1781.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II. p. 24, n. 247. (1787.) Fab. Ent. Syst. III. i. p. 209, n, 654. (1793.) rol. Mar. Godt. Enc. M. IX, p. 92, n. 9. (1819.) %. ^. Call. Mar. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. 615, n. 9. (1836. j Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 38. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 68, n. 8. (1847.) Morris' Synopsis, p. 26, n. 2. (1862.) Call. Eubulc. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 613, n. 8. (1836.) Honduras. 3. C. Yamana, nov. sp. Auteuuai and club, ferruginous; palpi, white; head, brown; thorax, black, clothed with white hairs; abdomen, white; legs yellowish. Upper surface, anterior wings, white; costa, black, widening to- wards the summit ; black indentations on the posterior margin ; a black discal dot. Fringe, brownish. Posterior wings, white ; a light yel- low spot in the medio-superior interspace. Fringe fulvous. Expanse 2.75 inches. Under side, the posteriors, and the superior part of the fore wings. are yellow, finely reticulated with brown lines ; the inferior portion, white, immaculate ; a brown discal ocellus on each wing, those on the primaries, having an ash-gray, on the secondaries a snow-white pupil ; a roseate spot at the base of the secondaries. Honduras. This is closely allied to C. Pyranthe Linn, but diifers in the number and form of the ocelli on the under surface. Their geographical dis- tribution is also so widely distinct as almost to preclude the possibility of their being varieties of the same species, even if the difference in ornamentation were not sufficient. 4 C. Drya. Fab. Pap. Dry. C. Philea. Linne. %. Pap. Philea. Linn. Amoen. Acad. VI. j). 401, n. 59. (1764.) Linn. Syst. Xat. II, p. 764. n. 104. (1767.) Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 478, n. 156. (1775.) Cram. II, p. 117, t. 173, f. E. F. (1776.) Goeze. Ent. Beitrage III, p. 155. n. 104. (1779.) Fab. Sp. Ins. II, p. 51, n. 221. (1781.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II, ]>. 24. n. 254. (1787.) Fab. Ent. Syst. Ill, i. p. 212, n. 662. (179.3.) % Col Philea. Godt. Enc. M. IX, p. 91, n. 8. (1819.) Menetrles. Mem. Soc. Imp. Nat. de. Moseou III. p. 118, n. 6, (1834.) % 9 Call. Philea. Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. 82, t. 41, f. 2. (1835.) Boisd. SiJ. Gen. I, \^. 619, n. 13. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 39. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 68, n. 11. (1847.) Morris' Cat. p. 4, 360. (1860.) 9 Pap. Aricia. Cram. I, p. 147, t. 94, f. A. B. (1775.) 9 Pap. Melanippe. Cram. IV, p. 139, t. 361, f. E. F. (1782.) 9 Pap. Larra. Fab. Ent. Syst. SuppL V, p. 428, n. 653, 654. (1793.) % Col. Corday. Hiibn. Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 99. (1816.) 9 Col. Lolia. Godt. Enc. M. IX, p. 94, n. 15. (1819.) Col. Larra. Menetries. Mem. de la Soc. Imp. ■ 54 [December 9 Pap. Cypris. Cram. II, ]>. 5. t. 99, f. E. F. (1775.) % Pap. Hzrsilia. Cram. II. p. 117. t. 17:i, f. C. D. (1770.) 9 Col. Cnidia. Godt. Enc. M. IX, p. 93, n. U. (1819 ) Var. Call. Agavithe. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. (•.23, u. I(>. (1S36.) Honduras. GONEPTERYX. Leacli. 1. G. Clorinde. Godt. Col. Clorinde, Godt, Enc. M. IX, Suppl. p. 813. n. 1. 2. (ls23.i Call. Clor. Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. S3, t. 42, f. 2. (183.3.) Rhod. Clor. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. .599, n. 2. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 37. (1844.) Morris' Synopsis, jj. 3.50. (1862.) Gonep. Clor. Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 71, n. 2. (1S47.1 Amynthia Swainaoniana, Swainson, Zool. 111. 2d Series, t. 6f). (1S32.) Col. Godarti. Perty. Del. An. Art. t. 29, f. 4. 4a. (1833.) Honduras. 2. G. Ecclipsis, Linne. Pap. EcclipsLS, Linn. Amcen. Acad. VI, p. 406, n. 67. (17(')4.) Linn. Syst. Nat. II, p. 765, n. 107. (1767.) Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 478. u. 154. (1775.) Cram. II, p. 47. t. 129. f. A. B. (1776.) . Goeze, Ent. Beitnige III, p. 159, n. 107. (1779.) Fab. Sp. Ins. II, p. 50, n. 219. (1781.) Herbst. Pap. t. 103, f. 5. 6. (1785.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II, p. 24. n. 252. (1787.) Petiv. Gazoph. VI, t. 10, f. 6. (1767.) Pap. Mcerula. Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 479, n. 157. (1775.) Goeze, Ent. Beitrage III, p. 167, n. 23. (1779.) Fab. Sp. Ins. II. p. 51, n. 222. (17S1.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II, p. 24, n. 255. (1787.) Fab. Ent. Syst. Ill, i. p. 212, n. 664. (1793.) Don. Ins. India, t. 27, f. 1. (1800.) Anteos Mcer. Hiibn. Verz. bek. Sclimett. p. 99. (181t;.) Col. Mar. Godt. Enc. M. IX. p. 89. n. 1. (1819.) Rhod. Manr. Boisd. et Lee. p. 71. t. 23. f. 1 (1833.) Boisd. Sp. Gen. I. p. 600. n. 4. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 37. (1844.) Morris' Synopsis, p. 23, n. 1. (1862.) Gonep. Moer. Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 71, n. 4. (1847.) Honduras. ]Ji)isduval had better have restricted the geuus Rhodocera to luir American species, all of which (excepting G. li/side and G. LearJiiaiia) might be advantageously separated from their eastern congeners. They are generally larger and more robust insects; their antenna^ are truu- 1863.] 355 cate. whilst Rhdmni. -dnii its groii]). have them slightly rounded; their iieuratiou is alsu distinct. The two exceptions mentioned I have ercctcil into a new genus Krlro(joni(i. the diagnosis of which follows. KKICOGONIA, iKiv. gen. Head. })road. clothed with erect hairs. Eijcu. round, projecting. Labial palpi, longer than the head, clothed with short scales ; the first joint, curved, compre-^sed internally; the second, oval, suh- cylindric. of about the same length as the first, compressed internally ; third joint, elongate, minute. Antennse,. short, rather slender, grooved below, enlarging from the htwer third towards the apex, more abruptly clavate than in the Ame- rican species of Gonepteryx. Thorax, stout, covered with fine long hairs. Wings, destitute of prominent angles, and more or less rounded. Anteriors, sub-triangular ; costa slightly curved at the base ; cos- tal uervure. very stout ; sub-costal, four branched ; its first nervule. thrown off" near the middle of the cell; the second, just above the end of the cell ; the third midway between the end of the cell and the apex of the wing ; the first discoidal nervule confluent with the sub-costal, for some distance beyond the cell; middle disco-cellular, one-half or more the length of the lower. Sub-median nervure curved downwards near the base. Internal uervure, short, running into the sub-median. Posterior icinr/s, obovate. shoulder very prominent. First sub- costal nervule curved outwardly ; discoidal nervure does not appear to be a third sub-costal nervure, as in Gronepteryx ; upper disco-cellular nervule more than half the length of the lower; abdominal channel very distinct and ample. Abdomen, rather stout, not so long as the abdominal margin of the posterior wings. Legs, short; claws moderately bifid ; paronychia about as long as the claws. I have taken G. lijsi(h as the type of a new genus, differing from Guncpter/jx in many particulars. Its nervular arrangement is widely distinct, requiring the greatest allowance to make it correspond with the diagnosis of Gonepteryx ; excepting G. Lcachiana. it was the only 356 [December member of the genus whose wings were not angular, and to include such species in a group, the name of which indicates angularity as one of its prominent characteristics, would be preposterous. G. Lfachiana. I have never seen, but from its nervular structure as .shown in the Genera of Diurnal Lepidoptera, I should include it under the same type. 1. K. lyside, Godt. Col. Lyside. Godt. Enc. M. IX, p. 98, n. 30. (18l!».) Menetries. Mem. de la Soc. Imp., Ac. Ill, p. 119, n. 8. (1831.) Rhod. Lys. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 603. n. 7. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 37. (1844.) Morris' Synopsis, p. 24, n. 2. (1862.) Gonep. Lys. Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 71, n. 6. (1847.) Costa Rica. MEGONOSTOMA, nov. gen. Head, moderately broad, clothed with rather long hairs, Eye^, oval, projecting. Labial palpi, longer than the head, clothed with short scale< ; first joint, cui'ved ; second, cylindric. oval, as long as the first; third, minute. Atitennse. short, rather stout ; thickening from the lower third t(.» the Apex, which is truncate; arcuated. Thorax, stout ; clothed, in front densely, with fine hair. Anterior winos, sub-triangular, apex, acuminate or almost falcate; the apical nervule terminating exactly in the summit ; costa, curved ; costal nervure, very stout; sub-costal, four-branched ; its first nervule thrown off about the middle of the cell ; the second at the end of the cell ; the third much nearer to the apex than to the end of the cell ; first discoidal nervure, united to the sub-costal, one-third or one-fourth its length beyond the cell ; lower disco-cellular nervule about four times the length of the middle disco-cellular. Posterior wings, sub-triangular, angles rounded, shoulder very prominent, Discoidal nervure appearing as a third sub-costal nervule : lower disco-cellular nervule, twice the length of the upper. Abdomen, rather stout, not so long as the inner margin of the pos- terior wings. Legs, rather stout, tarsi, very long and spiny ; females furnished 1863.] 357 with euprouychia. Claws but little curved, deeply bifid, and with(»iit paronychia or pulvilli. T have .separated thi-ee species. C. CsRuonki, Stoll. C. eurydlce^ Boisd. V. FhiUppa? Fab. together with one about to be described, from the genus Colias. with which they have been heretofore associated, but from which they are widely distinct, with the purpose of forming a new group, correspond- ing with the above diagnosis. They differ in the shape of the wings and in their nervular system, but chiefly in the possession of peculiar appendages, found on the middle and posterior legs of the female, and to which I have given the name, eupronychia. They are to be found on the under side of the tarsi respectively at two-thirds, and three-fourths of their length, as two small membranous appendages, each being tri-jointed. The first joint is at the point of insertion into the tarsus ; at the second, some distance below, both be- come bifid, when each branch, after being again jointed, curves ab- ruptly upward, dilating into a semi-transparent, oblong, irregular, pyriform disk, becoming lateral to the tarsus, aud extending in the upper and longest pair, beyond the insertion of the lower, which in their turn, are carried beyond the ungues. These can be referred neither to paronychia, which are placed above the claws, nor to pulvilli, between them. The measurements of the different sections are given below, and may prove interesting to the investigator ; they are expressed both in inches and millimetres : First pair or upper eupronychia — A. Length from the insertion or 1st joint to the 2nd 81199 in 0.3020 mill. B. " of the branches from the 2d to the 3d joint. ..01411 in 03558 C. " of tlie pyriform disks 03746 in 09515 Total length 06356 in 16093 " Second pair or lower eupronychia — A. Length from the insertion of 1st joint to the 2nd 00796 in 02019 mill. B. "■ of the l)rauehes from the 2d to the 3d joint. ..01905 in 02705 " C •• of the pyriform disks 04167 in 10584 Total length 06027 in 1530S •'J5S [December A. and B. are semi-opaque, the opacity gradually diininishino; to- wards C brown and roughened on the surface. C. is nieinhranous, translucent, yellow, veined and blotched irregu- larly with brown; margin thick, purple, sinuate. It must be observed that I have only seen eupronychia in fi-esh spe- cimens of the female, thus forming an apparent sexual distinction. As. however, these appendages are so very delicate, that the slightest fric- tion is sufficient to rupture them, I am not prepared to say that such is the case, until I have had an opportunity' of examining some recentlv captured males. 1. M. Caesonia, Stoll. Pap. Ccc.H. Stoll. t. 41, f. 2, 2 B. (1791.) Zerene Cces. Hubn. Sainml. Exot. Schmet. II. f. l—i. (IS06.) Hubn. Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 97, u. 1027. (ISKl.) Co/. CczH. Godt. Eiic. M. IX. p. 08, u. 31. (1819.J Boisd. et Lee. p. 67, t. 22, f. 1—5. (183:].) Lucas. Pap. Exot. j). 79, t. 39. t. r>. (1835.) Boisd. Bp. Gen. I. p. (13.5. n. 1. (1S2B.) Cat. Brit. Mas. VII [, p. 40. (1844.) Doubled, and Howits. I. p. 74, n. 2. (1847.) Morris' Synop.sis, p. 27. n. 1. (18(52.) Pnp. Cai'oHniana. Petiv. Gazoph. p. 2, t. 7, f. 10. (17(57.) Chiapas. 2. M. Helena, uov. sp. Male. Antennae, pink, club, ferruginous; first article of the palpi, yellow; second and third pink; head, fulvous; thorax covered with greenish white hairs; abdomen, greenish-yellow, a faint brown dorsal band; femora and tibiae, ochraceous, above pink, tarsi, dull brown. Upper surface; wings, sulphureous, inclining to orange yellow at the base of the secondaries ; costa, brown, a large brown discoidal spot on the primaries; fringe, yellow, expanse, 2.47 inches. Below, primaries, pale yellow, deepening at the apex and base ; dis- cal .spot, becomes a pale brown ocellus, with a white pupil. Seconda- ries, orange yellow, costa heavily margined with pink ; two pink lines, issuing from the base, the upper being preceded by a light yellow line; a pink ocellus, white pupil and a submarginal row of pink spots. ? Chiapas. I am doubtful of the locality of this species, but as it was found 1S63.] 359 among a number of specimens from that vicinity, I presumed that it came thence. TERIAS, Swainson. 1. T. Nicippe, Cram. Paju Xic. Cram. III. p. 31 t. 210, f. C. D. (1780.) Herbst. t. 107, f. 2, 4, p. 176. (1787.) Fab. Eiit. Syst. Ill, i. p. 208, n. 651. (1793.) Abmis Nie. Hiibn. Verz. bek. Scbinett. p. 97. (1810.) Col. Nic. Godt. Ene. M. IX. p. 103, n. 43. (1819.) Pi. Nic. Say, Amer. Entom. II, p. 70, t. 30. (1825.) Terias Nic. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 653, n. 1. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 42. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 78, n. 1. (1847.) Morris' Synopsis, p. 33, n. 1. (1862.) Ter. Nic. Lucas, Pap. Exot. p. 76, t. 38, f. 1. (1835.) Xanthidia Nic. Boisd. et Lee. p. 55, t. 20, f. 1—5. (1833.) Chiapas. 2. T. Proterpia, Fab. Pap. Prut. Fab. Syst. Ent. p. 478, n. 152. (1775.) Goeze, Ent. Beitrage III. p. 106, n. 21. (1779.) Fab. Sp. Inst. II, p. 50. n. 216. (1781.) Fab. Mant. Ins. II, p. 24. n. 249. (1787.) Col. Prot. Godt. Ene. M. IX, p. 91, n. 5. (1819.) Hubn. Zutrage. f. 803. (1823.) Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. 74. t. 38. f. 2. (1835.) Terias Prot. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 654, n. 2. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 42. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 78, n. 2. (1847.) Morris' Synopsis, p. 35, n. 5. (1862.) Honduras. 3. T. Gratiosa, Boisd. Boisd. MSS. Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 78, n. 4, t. 9, f. 5. (1847.) Head, brown : antennae black, annuhited with white at their base ; palpi yellow. Thorax, black; abdomen yellow, a dorsal black band; legs yellowish-white. Upper surface ; superior wings, lemon yellow, base suifused with orange; costa, black; a broad black border, on the outer margin, very much curved and irregular interiorly, bearing some resemblance to the outer portion of the '"dog's head" so well marked in M. Csesonia. It arises from the lower third of the costal margin, traverses the apex transversely to the first discoidal nervule, thence it is nearly parallel with the outer margin as far as the medio-superior nervule, at which 3G0 [December point it becomes narrower and parallel with the margin as far as the medio-posterior nervule, where it again widens. A short distance abov'e the posterior angle, on the inner margin, it is snddenly con- tracted to a diminishing line, terminating about the middle of the inner margin. Posterior wings, pule yellow, an orange patch at the outer angle, whence a black border arises, widening very broadly at the discoidal nervule, from which it gradually diminishes to the outer margin, just beyond the medio-posterior nervule. Expanse 1.69 inches. Under surface, yellow, with a few scattering black atoms. A curved orange line, almost imperceptible, on the superior portion of the disc of the posterior wings. Honduras. 4. T. Elathea, Cram. Pap. El. Cram. II. p. 5. t. 99. f. C. D. (1776. J (loeze, Ent. Beitriige III. p. 177. ii. 55. (1789.) Fab. Sp. Inst. II. p. 44. n. 185. (1781.) Fab. Mant. II, p. 30, n. 209. (1787.) Herbst. Pap. t. 117. (1788.) Fab. Ent. Syst. Ill, i. p. 196, n. 610. (1793.) Pieris El. Godt. Enc. M. IX, p. 136. n. 58. (1819.) Col. El. Lucas. Pap. Exot. p. 76, t. 39, f. 1. (1835.) Ter. El. Boisd. Sp. Gen. I, p. 664, n. 19. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII, p. 44. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 79 n. 21. (1847.) Morris' Cat. p. 5. (1860.) Honduras. 5. T. Since. Godt. Pieris Sin. Goat. Enc. M. IX. p. 13S, n. 66. (1819.) Ter. Sin. Boisd. Sp. Ge'n. I, p. 683, n. 51. (1836.) Doubled, and Hewits. I, p. 80, n. 50. (1847.) Morris' Catalogue p. 5. (18.60.) Honduras. 6. T. Lisa, Boisd. Xanihidia Lisa. Boisd. et. Lee. ]). 53, t. 19, f. 4, 5. (1833.) Ter. Lisa. Boisd. Sp. Ge'n. I, p. ()61, u. 16, t. 2. A. f. 5. (1836.) Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII. p. 43. (1844.) Doubled, and Hewits. I. p. 79. n 18. (1847. Morris' Synopsis, p. 34. n. 2. (1862.) Pieris Smilax. Godt. Enc. M. IX, p. 136, n. 56. (1S19.) Honduras. 53.] 361 HEMIPTEROLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS.— No. 2. BY P. K. IJllLKR. PACHYCORIS, T5urm. P. complicatus, n. sp. Dull clay-yellow, the upper surface with rather coarse, deep, scat- tered punctures, arranged in an irregularly reticulated manner, and connected together by the same carbon-black color as that which covers them. Head with irregular, scarred, black punctures, arranged in a row iuiuiediately each side of the tylus ; the surftice rather regularly convex, the apex pale clay-yellow, the base greenish-black, lateral mar- gins sinuated, smooth, yellow, the under side strongly punctured with greenish-black, somewhat in rows, with the margins of the bucculae and a few small spots yellow, bucculae very narrow, long; antennae slender, black, the basal joint and origin of the second yellow, the second joint a little longer, slenderer and smoother than the third ; rostrum reach- ing between the posterior coxae. Thorax very convex, the lateral mar- gins smooth, yellow, sinuated, the posterior margin truncated, the an- terior surface obscured with blackish, the punctures coarser than upon the head and arranged somewhat transversely, the humeri rounded, but not prominent. Corium black upon the posterior portion, the ex- terior apical and interior edges yellow, smooth; membrane with a slight tinge of brown. Scutellum a little flattened before the tip, the tip hardly truncated, the lateral margins anterior to it almost sinuated, the edge smooth, yellow, upon the middle a faint, slender, yellowish, lon- gitudinal line. Beneath yellow, with deep, black punctures, which are grouped together in spots, particularly at sides, disk of the venter im- punctured, bearing two subtriangular fuscous spots each side upon the silky areas, lateral margins of the segments yellow, impunctured. Fe- mora yellow, with groups of blackish punctures, tibiae rufous, with fuscous tips, tarsi almost entirely blackish. Length 11 millims. Humeral breadth 6t millims. ILib. Mexico, (Lieut. Couch ) SYMPHYLUS, Dallas. S. infamatus, n. sp. Reddish-brown, opake, becoming darker posteriorly. Head triangu- lar, a very little sinuated before the eyes, with rather coarse, deep, oc- ii&l [December casionally confluent punctures of a metallic green color, a few smooth spots between the punctures, the apex and the infra-marginal smooth line, the anterior inferior surface, rostrum and antenufe yellow, the latter a little dusky at tip, the first joint about two-thirds the length of the second, the second and third subequal, but the third stouter, fourth almost as long as the first and second together ; third and fourth joints of the rostrum subequal, the second longest. Thorax very convex on the disk, near the sides longitudinally impressed, and with a shallow, round impression behind each eye, the surface rust-brown, with numerous scattered, yellow, smooth spots, and with confluent, deep, fuscous punc- tures, behind the head tinged with metallic green ; the lateral margins abruptly elevated, and together with a smooth inferior surface bound- ing them, yellow, the posterior margin truncated, the humeri a little roundly elevated. Hemelytra yellow, with numerous smaller green punctures, membrane slightly tinged with brown. Scutellum becom- ing fuscous posteriorly, on the middle, posteriorly, is a vestige of a lon- gitudinal darker line, each side of base the surface is yellowish, nume- rous whitish spots are scattered over the disk and posteriorly, punctures smaller than upon the thorax, becoming finer and denser posteriorly, each side, medially; near the margin is a rounded blackish spot, and the apex, which is subtruncated posteriorly, is covered with a sublunate yellow spot, bearing two or three fuscous points. Beneath yellow, shining, punctured with green underneath the head and upon the pec- tus, the venter more finely and densely punctured with brown. Legs yellow, with numerous brown points. Length 10 millim. Humeral breadth 6 millim. ffab. Mexico. Cabinet of the Entomological Society of Philada. In form it resembles S. irroyiifiix Fab. OPLOMUS, Spill. 0. annotatus, ii. s]). Deep metallic blue, rather narrow, robust. Head subquadrate and flat before the eyes, the lateral lobes dull, blackish-blue, the tylus as long as the lateral lobes, but almost surrounded by them at tip. having a few large, deep punctures, the lateral margins narrowly elevated, the cranium elevatedly convex, polished, with groups of small, deep punc- tures, the middle of the occiput with a minute orange spot; ocelli am- ber yellow; autennje slender, black, with yellowish pubescence, the 1863.] 3(;;; first joint reaching the tip of the head, the second equal to the first and third together, third shorter than the fourth, fourth and fiftli equal ; rostrum reaching the posterior coxas, blue black, the labruni brown on the middle. Thorax moderately convex, deep blue, polished, the anterior surface with fine, deep, remote punctures, just before the middle is a transverse, smooth space, which is bounded posteriorly by an impressed, interrupted, punctured line, the surface posterior to this is coarsely, deeply punctured, lateral margins carinated, sinuated, hu- meral angles subacute; anterior margin with two small, reniform, orange- yellow spots, and each side before the humerus with a larger spot, which is produced upon the inferior surface. Scutellum with a large, smooth, orange-yellow spot at each basal angle and a larger one at the apex ; deeply, remotely punctured at base, and with finer, closer punctures poste- riorly. Corium dull, with a tinge of purple, finely, shaliowly, remotely punctured, the punctures becoming obsolete posteriorly ; the exterior margin and apex polished, coarsely, deeply punctured, near the base is a small spot, and the apical margin yellow ; membrane browu. project- ing beyond the abdomen. Beneath bright, deep blue, polished, coarsely, deeply, remotely punctured, postpectus each side with a carbon-black area, upon which a transverse short groove runs outwards from the stigmata. Ventral spine, transverse spot behind it, a large spot at the side of the 2nd segment, a streak at the side of the 4th and a spot at the side of the 5th yellow ; punctures fine and dense at the sides, more remote and coarse nearer the middle, a silky spot each side of antepe- nultimate segment. Legs purplish-blue, the anterior tibiae a very little dilated. Length 8 millims. Humeral breadth 5 millims. Hah. Cuba. Prof. Poey. HALYDID.E. PRIONOSOMA, Uhler. , Head long, narrow, with the lateral lobes prominent, advanced in front of the tylus, but not meeting before it, the sides sinuated above the antennae, the tylus forming a prominent middle ridge, basal joint of the antennae just reaching the tip of the head, contracted at its ori- gin, much stouter than the following joints, the second and fourth subequal, all the joints with numerous stifi" hairs; eyes hemispherical prominent, ocelli widely separated, placed near the eyes and base of 364 [December the head, buccula3 carried a short distance upon the pectus, narrow, enhirgiiig a little towards the base of the head and subtruncated ; ros- trum very slender in the middle, the second joint as long as the third and fourth together, the third much broader than the rest, depressed. a little longer than the fourth, the fourth about two-thirds the length of the third, and not quite so robust. Thorax eight-sided, broader than long, the anterior division very abruptly narrowed each side and emarginated, the humeri projecting, with a subacute proces-* at the outer extremity, posterior margin truncated. Scutellum broad, a little longer than the corium, not abruptly sinuated at sides, bluntly rounded at tip. Corium of almost equal breadth thi'oughout, the interior apical margin obliquely rounded, middle of the apex emarginated, membrane with about 7 longitudinal undulating nervures. Sides of the abdomi- nal segments with projecting, thorn-like, blunt processes. Venter obesely convex. Sternum with a groove to receive the rostrum. An- terior tibije prismatic, having a spine upon the inside face. p. podopioides n. sp. Pale testaceous, obscured with fuscous markings, covered with hoary pile. Head fuscous, with the cranium, tylus and anterior and basal margins yellow, surfice with a few deep, coarse punctures, and with several irregular, longitudinal ridges ; antennae blackish, with long, stiff white hairs ; rostrum piceous, reaching the middle coxas, under- side of the head and bucculae yellow, punctured with fuscous. Thorax closely, finely punctured with fuscous, surface very much broken, with the smooth lateral margins and small scattered intervals between the punctures yellow, anterior margin deeply emarginated, with a blunt denticulus at each anterior angle, humeral projections a little curved backwards, smooth, bearing a tooth-like process at the extremity, be- hind this emarginated, from the emargination to the basal margin the sides are regularly rounded, the basal margin subtruncated, smooth. Scutellum irregularly, erodedly, closely punctured with fuscous, the surface uneven, bearing a Y-shaped elevation, the stem of which runs towards the apex, a short, smooth line at the basal middle and a few smooth areas yellow. Corium with the punctures finer and more I'egu- lar, fuscous, base, nervures and a corneous, lenticular spot bey-jnd the middle yellowish ; membrane pale brown, the nervures bounded with whitish. Tergum blackish, densely punctured, pasterior exterior an- 1863.] 365 gle of the segments and the processes yellow, remainder of the con- nexivum blackish. Beneath testaceous, very hairy, closely punctured with fuscous, grouped in patches near the legs, and arranged into two indistinct longitudinal lines each side of the venter, middle line of the venter yellow ; stemmata dark brown. Legs very pubescent, yellow, closely punctured with brown, the anterior femora, knees, and base and apex of the tibiae fuscous; tarsi almost entirely brown. Length !) millims. Humeral breadth 5 millims. Hah. California. Cabinet of the Entomological Society. MICTID.E. CHELINIDEA, Uhler. Form similar to Amisa, but broader, oval. Head two-thirds the length of the thorax, subconico-cylindrical, the upper surface gently curving towards the apex ; the tylus defined almost to the base of the head, its apical carina perpendicular in front; juga produced beyond the tylus each side in a conical point; antennae prismatic, granulose, each of the three sides carinated upon the edge, the basal joint curved, thick, narrowed at base, the second and third joints subequal, the lat- ter with a minute tooth at the apex exteriorly, between it and the fourth is a minute, inserted joint, 4th joint fusiform. Eyes globose, situated a little nearer to the base of the head than to the scapus ; genae emarainated beneath at the middle of the bucculae ; bucculae rather more than one-third the length of the basal joint of the rostrum, broad, obliquely truncated in front, rounded and acute behind j rostrum reach- ing upon the abdomen, basal joint very thick, cylindrical, a little longer than the head, the remaining joints flattened, the seeond a little the longest, the third scarcely half the length of the fourth, the fourth about two-thirds the length of the second ; labrum almost as long as the basal joint. Thorax subhexagonal, the latero-posterior sides but bluntly defined, forming a very obtuse angle with the posterior mar- gin ; all the margins, excepting the anterior one, carinately elevated, the lateral margins broadly elevated, anterior angles with a small tooth each side of the head, the anterior margin produced over the head si» as to form a collar-like sheath which fits the head neatly ; humeral angles not prominent, broadly rounded, and surrounded by the margi- nal carina. Pectus with a broad sulcus to receive the rostrum. Ner- vures of the corium very conspicuous, prominent, the middle one forked 306 [December at the end, forming an acutely triangular cell ; costal margin acutely elevated ; nervures of the membrane numerous, forked, ramose. Con- nexivum broadly dilated. Penultimate ventral segment of the female Innately incised at base, and then split into two rounded lamellfe ; genital segment triangularly emarginate, the pieces each side subacute at tip. Posterior femora thickened, cylindrical, hardly curved, bear- ing two rows of slender teeth beneath, anterior and middle femora denticulated at tip beneath, tibiae prismatic, the superior edges cari- nated, posterior tibiae granulated inside. C. vittiger n. sp. Bright ochre-yellow, polished. Head black, densely granulose, upon the tylus and reaching the base of the head is an ochre-yellow vitta. a shorter vitta interrupted by the eyes and a less distinct spot at base each side beneath indistinctly yellow, bucculfe and basal joint of the rostrum also yellow, .\ntenna3 black, minutely granulated; eyes and ocelli rufous; rostrum, excepting the basal joint, black. Thorax yel- low, densely, roughly punctured, its collar and a small area behind it. upon the depressed space, omitting the middle line, blackish, a trans- verse vitta placed just before the posterior margin, but not reaching the humeri, also black ; the transverse diameter is almost double the longitudinal, and the breadth at the collum does not exceed that of the head between the eyes, interior to each humerus is a slight promi- nence, a little beyond this the surface is roundedly impressed. Scu- tellum densely punctured with black, the immediate edge smooth, yel- low. Corium densely, finely punctured with black, excepting at the base exterit)rly. which gives it a fuscous appearance, lateral elevated edge, posterior and interior margins and the elevated veins smooth, yellow; membrane black. Connexivum densely punctured with black. the exterior margin broadly yellow. Pectus yellow, coarsely punc- tured, the collar punctured with black. Yenter yellow, finely, densely punctured. Legs deep black, the anterior and middle femora with about three fine teeth at tip beneath, posterior femora much thicker, with two rows of longer spines beneath. Length 18 to 15 millim. Humeral breadth 5 to 5J millim. Hab. Utah. Fort Benton, Virginia, and Louisiana. Widely distinct from any of the other genera of this family in the shape and pi'oportions of the head, &c. NOTICE. The Subscription for 1863 terminates with the present number, and notwithstanding the unexpectedly large increase in number of pages published, the "Proceedings" for 1804 will be issued on the terms promised at the commencement of the 2nd volume, viz : For Members (Resident and Corresponding) SI .00 in advance for the year 1864. For the Public, .... 1.50 " " " Subscribers in Canada, and elsewhere, to which the prejiaymeni of TJ. S. Postage is ohUgatory , will be expected to remit, in addition to the above, the amount necessary for such prejKti/mctit. The postage on the numbers for 1863 sent to Canada, &c., amounted to 20 cents, and though the number of pages for 1864 should exceed that of 1863, the Publication Committee is willing to accept from the Subscribers in Canada, &c., 20 cents a,s prepaymemt in full of JJ. S. Pontage for 1864, if remitted in advance. Those who wish to continue their subscription for the year 1864, are requested to remit to the Corresponding Secretary of the Society, No. 518 South 13th Street, Philadelphia. The failure to remit all arrearages and the subscription for 1864, prior to April 1, (when the next number will be issued.) will be regarded as the expression oi a wish on the part of the Subscriber, to discontinue his subscription. The price of Vol. I, is $2.00 for Members, and $3.00 for the Public. kM^)^ o^'O- :^^y3's^t)^^,^^(MD u-^ o^ u^ 05 ^em^^'^h, Vol. 2, No. 4. PROCEEDINGS OF THE Entomological Society OF f I I I- i ^ ra IL A^DELP^HI^. JANUARY MAECH, 1864 I PHILADELPHIA: F Tt T 2>r re :e: T) ibtt the societ"x-. £1 %^ ■ ^ , r?l V ^ 4'; Lj-^O'^J-O' j-Oi- xercS/^-->^' ^u ^^Vt::Ji(^jm; ' ( ^9 ):3'J,)^}^' ^ ,-JO\jX3OO>0 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF PHILADELPHIA. Vol. 2. JANUAEY. FEBRUARY & MARCH. 1864. No. 4. 8TATEr> MEETING. January 11. President Bland in the Chair. DONATIONS TO LIBRARY. The following works were deposited by Dr. T. B. Wilson : — Cataloyue>i of the British Mustimi:—Coi€optera, Parts 1-4. 6-!t. and Cmujidpe; — Lepidoptera. Parts 1 (1844), 2 (1847), AppendLc (1848), and Papilionidse (1856) ^—iVeuroptera, Parts 1-4. and Ter- mitina {\?>b^);—Myriapoda, List (1844), and Part 1. Chilopoda (1856). 20 Parts. 12ino. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Phasmidse. By J. 0. Westvood. 1 Vol. 4to. WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS. The following papers were presented for publication in the Pro- ceedings : — " Contributions towards a Monograph of the genus Crocota. by Tryon Reakirt." 3HS [February '• On the North American species of several genera of Apidae, by E. T. Cresson." And were referred to Committees KLECTIONS. The following persons were elected Corresponding Members of the Society : — (Jharles N. Riotte, of Costa Rica. Profr. Felipe Poey, of Cuba. Dr. Juan G-uudlach, of Cuba. STATED MEETING. February 8. President Bland in the Chair DONATIONS TO CABINET. 53 Mexican Coleoptera {Cicindela Vasseletii, C. kmneralis, C. rytmiventris, C. Sommeri, C. Melli/i, Silpha analis, Phanseus ninirod, P. ruprinus, Strigodermi tomeiitosa, S. sulcipennis, Anomala discoi- dalis. Anomala nigripennls^ Macrodacti/lus nigrocyaneus, Cyclocephala gravia, C. stictica, O. maff71 Contributions towards a Monograph of the genus CROCOTA BY TRYON REAKIRT. I. C choriona, nov. sp. Antenna', long, fulvons; head and thorax, fulvous; abdomen, pale ferruginous, with an obsolete row of dorsal black dots ; legs, fulvous. Anterior wings, dark brown, shading into a luteous fawn color along the costa and outer margin ; a black discal ocellus, with a white jni- pil ; an indistinct sub-marginal, transverse, macular brown line, dark- est at its extremities ; two irregular yellowish white spots on the disc, the inner and largest in the upper centre of the medio-posterior inter- space, the outer, midway between it and the outer margin. Po.sterior wings, rose color; a large black discal dot, and broad black margin, terminating just before the outer angle; fringes, rosy. Under surface, rose color, black discal spots on lioth wings, with a broad brown marginal band on the posteriors. Length of body. 3f lines; of the wings 11 f lines. Philadelphia. Although the number of true species contained in this genus is com- paratively limited, and their varieties very numerous, yet the ornamen- tation of the above species is so entirely different, from those with which we are already acquainted, that I can have no hesitation in re- garding it as new. In common with C. quinaria Grrote, it possesses irregular whitish marks on the anterior wings, but with this difterence, that qulruirid carries five, whilst choriona has but two. -'. 2. nigricans, nov. sp. Male. Antennae, short, black; head, thorax and abdomen, tawny; the latter with a row of black dorsal dots ; legs, fawn colored. Above, superior wings, fawn color, an indistinct discal spot, and sub-marginal line, as in choriona. Inferior wings, blackish brown, showing faintly a large black discal dot ; costa, roseate ; ciliae on the superior wings fawn-color ; on the inferiors, fulvous. Under surface, superior wings marked as above but more distinctly; rosy, becoming yellowish on the inner margin. Inferior wings, rosy ; a nan-ow fulvous line on the anal and outer margins, inside of which, a very broad brown sub-marginal band ; a large black discal dot. Length of body 3 lines ; of the wings 9 lines. 372 [February The /email' resemble^; the uiale in markings, but is much darker. The head, thorax, abdomen and anterior wings, fulvous ; the abdomen having one row of dorsal, and two, of lateral black dots : the posterior wings, very black, the costa of which, also fulvous. Below, brick red. in ornamentation the same as the male. Legs, reddish-brown. Length of body 3f lines; of the wings 11 4 lines. Philadelphia. My specimens were obtained near this city by the kindness of Mr. Greo. W. Tryon, Jr. It approaches some varieties of rubicundaria in its ornamentation, but the terminal band on the posterior wings of that species, is here developed, until it covers the whole surface, excepting a small portion of the costal edge. :i. C. immaculata, nov. sp. Antenua3, long, fulvous; head, thorax and abdomen, pale ferrugi- nous, a row of obsolete black dorsal dots on the last. Wings, fawn color, covered with a rosy blush, sub-hyaline, immaculate, above and below. Costa of anterior wings, on the under side, rather more roseate than any other part of either surface. Legs, pale ferruginous. Length of body 3| lines; of the wings 12 lines. Philadelphia. This species has some resemblance to C. cupraria Walker, but on comparison, it will be readily seen, that the differences between them are too great to be reconciled and united under that name. I have several specimens, which, although they do not correspond with any described species or varieties, might perhaps be considered as a variation of rub icumJ aria or even ferniyinosa, if, indeed the latter be not simply a form of the first; yet in regard to their ornamentation, they would appear to approach more nearly the second group of the genus, that containing cupra,r!a and lae,ta. The vexed question of what are properly true species of this genus and which, their abnormal con- ditions, can only be satisfactorily determined, when due attention has been paid to their larval state, to their identification and transforma- tions. In coloration, my specimens correspond in the main with C. iniina- r.idata ; no discal dots on either wings; a transverse obsolete, sub- marginal brown line on the primaries, beyond which the ground color becomes lighter; apex of primaries, tipped with black. Three large 1S64.] :^T3 black spots on the outer margin of the secondaries; two. connected, at one-third the length of the margin from the anal angle, the other, mid- way between them and the outer angle. Abdomen without spots. Be- low, immaculate, costa of primaries rosy. Length of body 3| lines ; of the wings 10 i lines. Philadelphia. Should these prove to be new, I would propose for them the name of tri-}nncnl(i!^.— Kansas. % and 9 . Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila. Closely allied to A. macufi/rons Smith, but differs principally in the form and position of the markings. 2. A. maculifrons, Smith. Anthidlam maculifrons. Smith. Brit. Mas. Cat. ii, p. 214, %. (1851.) " Female. Length 4 lines. — Black, the face has four ovate yellow macular, two on the clypeus, and one on each side of it ; a stripe on the inferior margin of the mandibles, and a minute spot on the vertex aboA'e the eyes, yellow. Thorax, a short stripe over the tegulne, and four on the margin of the scutellum, a spot on the teguh^ anteriorly, and the tibicG at their base above, more or less yellow ; the thorax, particu- larly beneath, the face, cheeks and legs have a cinereous pubescence, on the tarsi beneath it is rufo-fuscous ; the claws ferruginous. The basal segment of the abdomen has on each side an angular macula and another minute one a little within ; the four following segments have on each side, a little within their apical margins, an oblong stripe, pointed within, and deeply emarginate anteriorly, almost dividing the stripes ; the apical segment has two central ovate spots, its margin cre- nulated. and laterally subemarginate, terminating in a short tooth ; the ventral scopa yellowish-white. '• Halj. — United States." I have before me three 9 specimens (2 from Texas, Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.. and 1 from Utah. Coll. Mr. Norton) which answer in every particular to Mr. Smith's description quoted above ; in addition to the characters mentioned therein, these specimens are all 5 lines long, and have a small spot on each side of the anterior margin of the thorax ; the four spots on the scutellum vary in size and are sometimes nearly confluent ; the wings are hyaline with their apical margins slightly 376 [February clouded, the nervures are black ; the anterior tibiae have on their outer edge a vitta, nearly reaching the tip. and the intermediate and poste- rior tibiae have an abbreviated vitta on their outer margin at base. All the markings are yellowish-white. I have not seen the % of this species. ■i. A. maculatum, Smith. Anthidium maculatum. Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. ii, p. 216, %. (1854.) ■' Male. Length 5 lines. — Black, the entire insect thinly covered with cinereous pubescence; the clypeus, the face on each side, and the mandibles exteriorly of a yellowish-white ; also a minute spot on the vertex above the eyes. Thorax, the scutellum has a narrow line on each side of its posterior margin, a spot on the tegulae in front, and a minute one at the base of the anterior tibiae above yellow ; all the tarsi have a dense white pubescence, and the basal joint of the anterior and posterior pairs is pale yellow. Abdomen, the first to the fifth segment have each four subtriangular yellow spots, the sixth has only two oblique spots, the lateral margins having a curved spine, the seventh .is armed with three spines on its apical margin, the central one being the shortest. •• Hah. — Mexico." Unknown to me. Section 2. 4. A. notatum, Latr. Anthidium notatum, Latr., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 13, ]>. 48 and 231 : St. Farj;;. Hym. ii, p. 370, % . Female. — Head large, wider than the thorax, black, shining, rather densely and profoundly punctured 5 the face on each side, and an un- interrupted transverse line on the posterior m.irgin of the vertex, yel- low; lateral margins of the clypeus bro.idly yellowish-ferruginous. An- tennaj black. Thorax black, densely and profoundly punctured, .subo- paque ; anterior margin with an oblong oblique spot on each side, the tubercles, two rather large ovate spots on the posterior margin of the scutellum and a smaller spot on each side above, all yellow tinged with ferruginims. Wings fuliginous, with a few subhyaline spots towards the tip. Legs yellowish-ferruginous, somewhat obfuscated exteriorly and clothed with short pale pubescence. Abdomen short, very convex above, shining, black, regularly and deeply punctured, the punctures smaller towards the tip ; a rounded spot on the extreme side of the Is04.] '^ I I tirst sepueiit. a narrow transverse band sli<:htly interrupted in the middle and a little curved on each side of the second segment, yellow ; the third, fourth and fifth segments have each a yellow spot on each side of the disk, those on the third segment the largest, quadrate and very slightly emarginate exteriorly, those on the fifth segnieut an; small and round ; remaining segment black; ventral scopa yellowish. Length 8 lines. Male. — Resembles the female, but differs as follows : — The clypeus, a transverse line immediately above the clypeus, and the mandibles except tips, are yellow; the flagellum of the antennae is sometimes tinged with rufous in front ; the femora aiui the tibiae exteriorly are sometimes vittate with blackish ; the small spot on each side of the scutellum is sometimes wanting ; the extreme sides of the third, fourth and fifth segments of the abdomen each with a very small yellowish spot, the outer margin of the dorsal spots on these three segments are slightly emarginate ; the sixth segment is notched in the middle, with its apical margin narrowly yellow; apical segment sinuate or broadly emarginate posteriorly, with its apical margin yellow ; ventral segments sometimes stained with ferruginous. Rah. — Mass., N. J., Penn., Del. One 9 and three % specimens. Coll. Knt. Soc. Phila., and Mr. E. Norton. •i. A. perplexum, Smith. Anthidmm pcrphxum. Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. Hym. ii, p. 214. % J, (1854.) •' Female. Length 4 lines. — Black, the face on each side of the clypeus and a little above the insertion of the antennae yellow; an un- interrupted Hue along the margin of the vertex, an ovate spot a little below the insertion of the antennae, the scape and four or five basal joints of the flagellum ferruginous. Thorax, the margin ferruginous, interrupted only on the collar and on the posterior margin of the scu- tellum ; the uervures towards the base of the wings, the tubercles and legs ferruginous ; the wings dark fuscous. The basal segment of the abdomen ferruginous, having an ovate yellow macula laterally, its pos- terior margin narrowly black ; the second segment has on each side a curved stripe nearly uniting in the middle, the stripes are tinged with ferruginous, the two following segments have on each side a subquad- rate macula similarly colored, the two apical segments black ; the ven- tral scopa yellowish-white. 87!^ [February •• Male. — This sex closely resembles the female, but difters in haviiii: the clypeus yellow as well as a spot above and the mandibles also yel- low exteriorly. The abdomen has two additional spots on the fifth segment, and all the spots are emarginate at their outer margins, tlu' sixth segment is sub-bituberculate on its apical margin, the seventh i.>J somewhat produced and rounded, and has a slight central carina, its apical margin as well as the extreme lateral margins of all the seg- ments yellow. '' ^a6.— Georgia." A single 9 specimen of this species from Florida, in the collection of Mr. Edward Norton, agrees exactly with Mr. Smith's description above quoted. It closely resembles A. notatum Fabr., but is much larger and more robust. I have not seen the % . 6. A. curvatum, Smith. Anthidiiim curvatum. Smith, Brit. Mas. Cat. ii. p, 215. 9 (ISJ-t)- " Female. Length 4 lines. — Black, the clypeus yellow, having a broad black stripe down the middle, the inner orbits of the eyes nearly to their vertex broadly yellow, a minute yellow spot before the anterior stemma and a transverse yellow line on the vertex continued nearly half-way down the outer margins of the eyes. The collar, tubercles and posterior margin ot the scutellum yellow, the former slightly inter- rupted ; the tubercles and legs yellow, the latter varied with ferrugi- nous, the femora being fusco-ferruginous towards their base ; the wings smoky, darkest towards their anterior margin. The basal .segment of the abdomen has a transverse band, deeply emarginate laterally, the three following segments have on each side an oblong stripe curved downwards and pointed at their extremity within ; the curved form being given by a deep notch in the middle of each stripe beneath ; the fifth segment has two central oblique stripes, the sixth immaculate. " Huh. — Georgia." Not identified. 7. A. simile, n. sp. Fcmalr. — Head black, densely punctured, clothed with short pale hairs ; sides of the face nearly to the summit of the eyes, broader on each side of the clypeus, an ovate spot on each side of the clypeus, and a short stripe behind the eyes near their vertex, yellow. Antennfe black. Thorax black, densely punctured ; a rather small spot on each 1864.] 879 side of the middle of the anterior margin, the anterior half of the tu- bercles, the posterior margin of the scutellum, slightly interrupted in the middle, and a small spot on the extreme sides of the scutellum at base, yellow; sides of the metathorax clothed with long pale hairs; tegulae ferruginous. Wings fuliginous, the marginal cell almost black; nervures black. Legs black; tips of femora yellowish-ferruginous; tibiae and tarsi yellowish, with an oblong black spot on their exterior surface ; tarsi clothed beneath with golden-yellow hairs. Abdomen very convex, shining, black, rather densely, deeply and uniformly punc- tured, the apical margin of the segments smooth, impunctured ; first segment with a short transverse median basal yellow line, and at the extreme sides a basal subquadrate yellow spot, very slightly emarginate within ; an oblong yellow spot or stripe obtusely pointed within and x'ather deeply indented posteriorly, on each side of the second, third and fourth segments ; a large yellow spot, slightly emarginate exteri- orly, on each side of the fifth segment ; the extreme lateral edge of the yellow spots on each side of the second, third and fourth segments are slightly emarginate ; apical segment black ; ventral scopa golden-yel- low. Length 4 lines. Male. — Resembles the female, but differs as follows : — size rather larger; the clypeus, mandibles and sometimes a small spot immediately above the clypeus, yellow or yellowish-ferruginous ; the posterior mar- gin of the scutellum sometimes very narrow, with the lateral basal spot wanting ; posterior coxae each with a stout yellow spine ; the middle spot at the base of the first segment of the abdomen is smaller and quadrate ; the oblong spot on each side of the fifth segment resembles those on the three preceding segments, the sixth segment entirely black ; the apical segment yellow, black at base, dilated and rounded on each side, with the apex produced in the middle into an obtuse tooth ; ventral segments stained with rufous. Hah. — Mass., Conn. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila., and Mr. E. Norton. The 9 of this species differs from the description of the 9 of ^. curvatum, Smith, as follows : — There is no " minute yellow spot before the anterior stemma"; the collar is black, not '• yellow "; there is a yellow spot on each side of the thorax anteriorly ; the legs are black, vittate with yellow, and not -'yellow varied with ferruginous"; the basal segment of the abdomen has three spots, and the fifth segment 380 [February has two large spots, em irg'mate outwardly, instead of •' two central oblique stripes." I see no variation in the markings of the three speci- mens before me. 8. A. interruptum, Say. Megachile interrupta Say, Long's 2iid Expedition, ii, ji. 351. % $ (1824). •• Male. — Body punctured, above glabrous ; head black ; antennae, first joint at base and third and fourth joints dull rufous; hypostoma, broad frontal orbits, and mandibles at base, yellow ; vertex with a fer- ruginous band, interrupted in the middle and extending down the cheeks; labrum rufous, a small black spot at base ; thorax black, sur- rounded by a ferruginous margin, which is interi'upted before, and passes upon the posterior margin of the scutel ; wings fuliginous ; pleura with cinereous hair beneath the wings ; feet rufous, tarsi with yellow hair ; tergum convex, black, with dilated, obscure, rufous, scarcely definite bands, five in number, on each side of which, except- ing the basal one, is another yellow band emarginate each side behind, and the three posterior ones are interrupted in the middle ;. anus tri- lobated ; lobes yellow, intermediate one small ; posterior coxae each with a robust yellow spine ; venter with transverse bands of long, dense, yellow hair. Length nearly two-fifths of an inch. '• Female. — The black color of the front extends down upon the middle of the hypostoma nearly to its tip ; the rufous color on the basal joints of the antennas is obsolete; labrum black on the disk; niandibles black, excepting a small, rufous spotat base ; the three last bands of the tergum are destitute of any rufous color about them ; venter densely covered with hair : mandibles as in the male, three- toothed ; posterior coxae unarmed. Length about the same as the male, Init more robust. ■• Hah. — Missouri." This and the two following species are unknown to me. and may not belong to this section, but from their description I should judge that they did. '.». A. jugatorium, Say. Megachile jugatoria, Say, Long's 2ud Expctl. ii, p. 3a2, 9 (1824.) -Female. — Body punctured, above nearly glabrous; head with a vellow line on the superior part of the cheeks ; hypostoma with a di- lated, yellow line, which extends upon the anterior orbits nearly to 1864.] 8S1 their summit ; thorax with a widely interrupted line befoi-e, extending; round above the wings, and two oblique lines upon the scutel, yellow; wings fuliginous; feet blackish, with dull rufous joints, and tarsal hair ; anterior feet before dull rufous ; tergum, bands yellow, not at all emarginated each side, the basal band widely interrupted, second band less widely interrupted, the penultimate one hardly interrupted, the ultimate one entire. Jjcugth about seven-twentieths of an inch. •• Hah. — Missouri." in. A. dorsale, St. Farg. Anthidium dorsale, St. Farg. Hym. ii, p. .384, % (1S41.) " Mdlc — Head black; its hairs rufous: clypeus, cheeks, face, upper part of the mandibles, of a ferruginous-yellow, as well as a spot behind the eyes. Antennas black with the first joint in front yellow. Thorax black ; its hairs whitish, except those of the back which are rufous ; a ferruginous line upon each shoulder, prolonged at its two ends ; the upper emitting at a right angle a line of the same color, which descends as far as the middle of the back, and the lateral giving rise to another ferruginous line which margins the back along the base of the wings as far as the scutellum. Scale of the wings black, its anterior part ferruginous-yellow. Scutellum ferruginous, except the base of the middle lobe, which is black. Abdomen black, its first segment ferru- ginous with the base black : the second, third, fourth and fifth having a ferruginous-yellow band, which is dilated upon the sides : the sixth and the anus ferruginous, prolonged in the middle. Legs ferruginous. Wings tolerably transparent, but a little smoky towards the tips. Length 5 lines. " Hab. — Georgia." Gen. CHELOSTOMA, Latr. •' Head quadrate, usually wider than the thorax ; the antennae, not longer than the head in the female, the flagellum clavate ; half as long as the thorax, slen- der and filiform in the male. The labrum elongate, narrowed anteriorly, and truncate at the apex ; the mandibles bidentate at their apex and densely cili- ated with hairs on their inner margin; the ocelli placed in a triangle, the pos- terior pair in a line with the vertex of the eyes. The labial palpi four-jointed, the "basal joint about one-tliird the length of tlie second, the second joint some- what attenuated at the apex, the third placed in a line with it, sliort, the fourtli joint clavate-truncate, attached to its side near the apex. Tlie maxillary palpi three-jointed. The anterior wings have one marginal and two submargiual cells; the second submarginal receiving the two recurrent ucrvures. Abdomen 382 [February sublinear, slightly narrowed towards the base: furnished in the female with a dense scopa of pubescence. In the male, the abdomen is inourved and dentate at the apex." — Smith, Bees of Great Britain, p. 187. Two North American species of this genus have been recorded, the descriptions of which follow. I have not been able to identify either of them. 1. C. rugifrons, Smith. Chelostoma rugifr-ons. Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. ii, p. 220, 9- (1854.) •' Female. Length 5 lines. — Black, the head strongly punctured ; the face has some white pubescence on each side at the insertion of the antennae ; the mandibles very stout, having a tooth near their base within, their apex tridentate, the middle tooth minute, longitudinally grooved above. Thorax strongly punctured; its pubescence, as well as that of the legs, white, the claw-joints rufo-testaceous, the tarsi be- neath fulvous, the wings subhyaline, the nervures black. Abdomen cylindric, shining and strongly punctured ; the basal and apical mar- gins depressed; the first and three following segments have. very nar- now fasciae of white pubescence, which is rather wider at the lateral margins; the fasciae cross the segments about one-third within, curving backwards to the lateral apical margins, the sixth segment covered with white pubescence at the base ; beneath densely clothed with white pubescence. " ^ai.— Georgia." 'G' 2. C. albifrons, Kirby. Chelostoma albifrons, Kirby, Faun. Bor.-Amer. iv, p. 270, %, (1837). " Body black, thickly punctured. Mouth bearded with white; man- dibles carinated above, armed with two strong terminal teeth ; nose square, flat, clothed with decumbent silver pile ; antennae filiform ; scape black ; the other joints are rufo-piceous underneath ; trunk very hirsute with white or subcinereous hairs ; wings a little embrowned, with black veins and base-covers; legs hairy; abdomen subcylindrical. hirsute with black hairs, incurved with the apex of the four interme- diate segments fringed with white hairs ; anal joint with a concavity above, obtuse; last ventral segment forcipate, rufo-piceous. Length of the body 4j lines." Hab. — North America ("Lat. 65°."). Monumetha ohwleta, described below, agrees tolerably well with 1SG4.] 388 the description above quoted, but I have separated it on account of its 5-jointed maxillary palpi, which excludes it from Chelostoma. Gen. HERIADES, Latr. " The labial palpi four-jointed, the basal joint not quite half the length of the second, the third and fourth joints minute, placed at the side and near the apex of the second joint. The maxillary palpi three jointed, the two basal joints stout, the apical joint cylindric, slender and pointed at the apex. The wings as in the genus Chelostoma. "This genus only differs from Chelostoma in having two minute apical joints to the labial palpi, which are placed near the apex of the second joint at its side. Chelostoma has only one minute apical joint, the third being attached to the apex of the second, and in a line with it : in other respects they coincide." — Smith, Bees of Great Britain, p. 191. The two following species appear to have but three joints to their maxillary palpi, and probably belong to this genus. 1. H. carinatum, n. sp. Female. — Head subquadrate, rather large, black, deeply, roughly and densely punctured ; clypeus prominent on the disk ; mandibles stout and obtusely bifid at tip ; antennae short and black. Thorax con- vex above, rounded in front, black, shining, deeply and roughly punc- tured, with scattered pale pubescence ; metathorax longitudinally im- pressed on the disk. Wings subhyaline, the apical half clouded, ner- vures black. Legs short, black, sparsely clothed with pale pubescence, tarsi clothed with yellowish pubescence. Abdomen elongate, subcy- lindric, convex above, slightly narrowed at base, black, shining, deeply and uniformly punctured, the punctures smaller and more dense towards the tip ; apical margin of the segments transversely impressed and nar- rowly fringed with white pubescence ; the anterior fiice of the basal segment deeply concave and bounded above by a rounded carina; apical segment rounded ; ventral scopa pale yellowish-white. Length 3 lines. Male. — Resembles the female, but tlie head is smaller, transverse and clothed in front and beneath with whitish hairs ; the antennae are almost as long as the thorax; the abdomen is incurved at the apex, and the first ventral segment has on its disk a rather large, obtuse tubercle ; the tarsal claws are bifid and rufo-testaceous. Hah. — Conn.. Penn. Nine specimens. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila., and Mr. E. Norton. ^^i [February 2. H. simplex, n. sp. Female. — Head subquadrate, black, finely and densely punctured, sparsely clothed with pale hairs ; antennae short, black. Thorax black, finely and densely punctured, shining; metathorax longitudinally im- pressed on the disk ; tegulae tinged with rufous. Wings subhyaline. apical half clouded ; nervures fuscous. Legs black, with scattering pale pubescence, that on the tarsi beneath dense and yellowish. Ab- domen subovate, convex above, black, shining, minutely punctured ; basal segment rounded in front • some of the segments have an obsolete marginal fringe of pale pubescence ; ventral scopa yellowish-white. Length about 3 lines. Hah. — Connecticut. One specimen. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. Resembles the preceding species, but is distinguished at once by the much finer punctation, and by the rounded front of the basal segment of the abdomen. ANDRONICTJS, nov. gen. Head transverse, as wide as the thorax ; ocelli placed in a curve on the vertex ; antennce ( 'J,') half as long as the thorax, scape rather long and robust, most slen- der at base, flagellura unequal, joints 2 — 5 dilated, joint 6 suddenly narrower and the following joints gradually attenuated to the tip which is pointed: man- dibles rather acutely bidentate at their apex. Labial palpi four-jointed, the two basal joints elongate, of equal breadth frona the base of the first joint to almost the tip of the second joint which is acute, basal joint about half the length of the second, the two apical joints minute, of about equal length and placed at the side and near the apex of the second joint. Maxillary palpi four-jointed, the tliree basal joints rather long and about equal in length, apical joint slen- der, cylindric, pointed at its apex and about half tlie length of the third joint ; lobe of the ma.xilla long, slender and moderately curved. Superior wings with one marginal and two submarginal cells, the first recurrent nervure uniting with the first transverse nervure, and the second recurrent nervure received by the second submarginal cell a little within its apex. ^6rfowie« elongate, sub- linear, sliglitly narrowed towards the base: ;i])fX ( % ) incurved. The specimen upon which I have founded this genus resembles in general form that of Chelost(jma^ but the maxillary palpi are foar- jointed. The structure of the antennae is very singular, having some- what the appearance of the figure of an antennae given by St. Fargeau. Hymen. PL 26, fig. 6 bis. I have not been able to identify this and the two following genera with any that has been already established. A cylindricus, n. sj). Male. — Head bha-k. minutely ])unctured ; face below the antennje 1SG4.] 385 and the cheeks clothed with long, rather dense yellowish-white hairs ; vertex sparsely clothed with short pale hairs. Antennae black. Tho- rax convex above, rounded in front, black, densely and finely punc- tured, somewhat shining, clothed with long whitish hairs which are sparse on the upper surface ; motathorax more finely punctured, with a deep longitudinal impressed line on its disk. Wings subhyaline, faintly clouded on their apical margins ; nervures fuscous. Legs rather long, black, punctured, shining, clothed with rather short pale hairs ; femora and tibiae robust, subclavate, the latter short, especially the intermediate pair; tarsi nearly as long as the femora and tibiae put together, clothed beneath with dense short yellowish pubescence ; claws bifid. Abdomen elongate, cylindric, finely and densely punctured, black, shining, very sparsely clothed with short whitish pubescence, which is more dense toward the tip ; apex very much incurved, apical margin rather broadly compressed and somewhat produced ; anterior and posterior margins of the segments above compressed, the basal segment rounded and convex in front; ventral segments flat, the basal plate margined posteriorly by a semicircular, well defined carina, on the disk of this plate a sfiiall bifid tubercle; on the third or fourth ventral segments there are two oblique tubercles, one on each side of the disk ; margins of the segments cili- ated with pale yellowish hairs ; last ventral segment forcipate, piceous, and fringed with long yellowish hairs. Length 5j lines. Female. — Unknown. Hah. — Connecticut. One specimen. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. ALCIDAMEA, nov. gen. Head transverse, as wide as the thorax , ocelli placed in a curve on the ver- tex; antennae ( % ) half as long as the thorax, scape rather long and very robust, slender at base, joints of the flagellum compressed, submoniliform, of nearly equal length, slightly attenuated towards the tip. apical joint suddenly con- stricted into a slender curved spine, rather acute at tip. Labial palpi four- jointed, the two basal joints elongate, slender, the second joint about one-third longer than the basal, the two apical joints minute, placed at the apex of the second joint. Maxillary palpi four-jointed, the first two joints robust, the basal joint short, about half the length of the second, the third and fourth joints more slender, cylindric, the third about twice the length of the apical joint ; lobe of the maxilla very long, slender and much curved. Superior wings with one marginal and two submarginal cells, the second submarginal cell receiving the two recurrent nervures. Abdomen subovate, convex above : slightly incurved in the males, and tlie second ventral segment more or less produced on the disk. 886 [February This genus is also allied to Chelostoma and Hermdes, but differs by the four-jointed maxillary palpi. It approaches Andronu-un, but differs in the shape of the labial and maxillary palpi, and also in the structure of the S antennte, which is again remarkable in this genus ; the abdomen is neither elongate or cylindric. Two species, both males, are at present known to me. 1. A. pilosifrons, n. sp. 3fal(',. — Head black, minutely punctured, clothed with long yellow- ish-white pubescence, which is very dense on the face ; scape of the antennae black, the flagellum rufo-testaceous beneath, rufo-piceous above. Thorax convex above, densely and finely punctured, black, shining, densely and uniformly clothed above and beneath with rather long yellowish-white pubescence ; tegulae rufo-piceous, shining. Wings hyaline ; nervures blackish. Legs simple, black, shining, sparsely clothed with pale hairs; tibial spurs testaceous; apical joints of the tarsi ferruginous, claws bifid, tipped with black. Abdomen subovate. black, shining, finely punctured, convex above, rather flat, beneath, apex incurved and pointed ; each segment having an apical marginal fringe of short white pubescence, sides of the segments clothed with pale hairs ; on each extreme side of the sixth segment posteriorly a stout acute tooth ; apical segment narrow, pointed, carinated above ; beneath, the second ventral segment has on its disk a rather large, transverse, obtuse projection ; the last segment forcipate, rufo-testace- ous. Length 4 lines. Female. — Unknown. ITab. — Connecticut. One specimen. (70II. Mr. E. Norton. 2. A. producta, n. sp. Male. — Head black, finely and densely punctured ; face on each side. the cheeks and the vertex sparsely clothed with rather short whitish pubescence ; antennas black, the flagellum tinged with rufo-testaceous in front and towards their tips. Thorax black, finely and densely punctured, subopaque, clothed with whitish pubescence which is short on the disk above and long on the pleura, scutellum and sides of the metathorax ; tegulae black, shining. Wings subhyaline ; nervures fus- cous. Legs black, sparsely clothed with short pale hairs ; tarsal claws bifid. Abdomen subovate, convex above, black, shining, finely punc- tured, apex incurved and pointed, each segment with a narrow apical 1S64.] 8S-i marginal fringe of short white pubescence, interrupted on the middle of the segments ; on each extreme side of the sixth segment posteriorly, a short stout rather obtuse tooth; apical segment narrow, pointed, and carinated on each side above ; beneath, the second ventral segment has its disk produced into a large somewhat acute tubercle ; posterior mar- gins of the third, fourth and fifth ventral segments carinated, the carina interrupted in the middle. Length 3j lines. Female. — Unknown. Hah. — Virginia. One specimen. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila. Allied to A. pihsi/rons n. sp., but not so hairy, the apical segment of the abdomen not so narrow, the projection of the second ventral sesment much larg-er and more acute. The structure of the antennae is exactly the same in the two species. MONITMETHA, nov. gen. Head % transverse, as wide as the thorax, 9 subquadrate, rather wider than the thorax ; ocelli placed in a curve on the vertex ; antennce filiform, rather short; mandibles stout, deeply bifid at tip. Labial palpi four-jointed, two basal joints elongate, first joint rather more than half the length of the second ; the two apical joints minute, about equal in length, slender at base, thickened and truncate at tip, placed at the side and near the apex of the second joint. Max- illary palpi five-jointed, the two basal joints robust, first joint very short and about half the length of the second : third and fourth joints about equal in length and longer than the second joint; apical joint slender, cylindric. pointed at tip. Superior wings with one marginal and two submarginal cells, the second submarginal cell receiving the two recurrent nervures. Abdomen % sublinear, convex above, ajjex incurved, claws bifid ; 9 subovate, rather short, furnished beneath with a short dense pollen-brush ; claws simple. Also allied to Chelostoma and Herlades^ but distinct by the /z/"^- jointed maxillary palpi. 1. M. argentifrons, n. sp. Mitle. — Head black, finely punctured, clothed about the base of the antennge and on the vertex with long yellowish hairs; clypeus flat, clothed with short silvery-white decumbent pile, anterior margin trun- cate, and slightly emarginate in the middle; antennas black, rather short. Thorax black, clothed with rather long dense yellowish-white hairs. Wings hyaline, apical margins clouded, nervures black. J^egs black, shining; anterior femora clothed beneath with long whitish hairs; tarsi clothed within with fuscous pubescence. Abdomen elou- 3^S [February gate, cylindric, convex above, finely and densely punctured, shining, black ; apical segments very mucli incurved ; the five basal segments with an apical fringe of whitish pubescence, more dense on the two first segments and narrow on the others ; apical segment obtuse, ab- ruptly depressed above into a large deep fovea ; ventral segments flat- tened, with several small obtuse projections ; apical segment forcipate. Length 62 lines. Hah. — Pike's Peak, Colorado Territory. Two specimens. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila. 2. M. obsoleta, n. sp. Male. — Head black, finely and densely punctured, sparsely clothed with pale hairs, which are more dense about the insertion of the an- tennae; clypeus flat, clothed with short decumbent silvery-white pile, its apical margin truncate ; antennae black, the flagellum tinged with rufo-piceous towards the tip. Thorax black, finely and densely punc- tured, rather sparsely clothed with whitish hairs which are short in front and beneath, and long on the scutellum and metathorax, the lat- ter longitudinally impressed on the disk. Wings subhyaline. stained with fuscous towards the tip; nervures dark fuscous. Legs black, .sparsely clothed with short pale hairs, which are long and white on the anterior femora beneath. Abdomen elongate, cylindric, convex above, finely punctured, shining, black ; apical segments very much incurved; the apical margins of the second and three following segments with an obsolete fringe of pale pubescence ; apical segment depressed as in M. argent if rons; ventral segments flattened, and having on each side a short obtuse projection, apical segment forcipate, tinged with rufo- piceous. Length 5^ lines. Hab.—Fikes Peak (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.), Hudson's Bay Territory (Coll. Mr. E. Norton). Closely resembles the preceding species in size and form, but is evidently distinct; the wings are differently colored and the clypeus is not emarginate in front. The specimens are apparently somewhat rubbed. It answers tolerably well to the description of Chelostoma, albi/rons Kirby, but it cannot belong to that genus as it has the maxillary palpi five-jointed instead of three. ■i. U. borealis, n. sp. Female. — Head rather large, black, finely and densely punctured, 1864.] 3SJ> face about the antennae thickly clothed with yellowish hairs, the cly- peus, vertex and cheeks clothed with black hairs ; mandibles very stout, carinated above, tip broad, with two or three stout teeth, the outer one acute, the others blunt; antennas short, black. Thorax con- vex above, finely and closely punctured, densely clothed above with yellowish-white hairs, beneath with black hairs. Wings subhyaline. slightly tinged with fuscous, especially the marginal cell, at the apex of the second submarginal cell a faint hyaline spot; nervures black. Legs black, clothed with black hairs, the tarsi with fuscous hairs. Abdo- men convex above, short, subovate, minutely punctured, black and shining ; on the apical lateral margins of the first and second segments above a tuft of whitish pubescence (the surface being apparently rub- bed, all the segments, in well-preserved specimens, may have their en- tire apical margins fringed with whitish pubescence) ; ventral scopa short and black. Length 6 J lines. Hah. — Great Slave Lake, British America. One specimen. Coll. Smithsonian Institution. This may eventually prove to be the female of M. argentifrons. as it bears some resemblance to that species. Gen. CERATINA, Latr. " Head transverse, the ocelli placed in a triangle on the vertex ; the labrum subquadrate; the mandibles short and stout, tridentate at their apex. The labial palpi four-jointed, the two basal joints elongate, the third and fourth minute, placed at the side and near the apex of the second joint. The maxillary palpi six-jointed, the three basal joints of about equal length; subclavate, the apical joints minute. The superior wings with one marginal and three submarginal cells; the second submarginal cell receiving the first recurrent nervure a little beyond the middle, the third submarginal receiving the second recurrent ner- vure also beyond the middle. Abdomen clavate." — Smith, Bees of Great Brit- ain, p. 19.3. Two species of these little bees are known to me, one of which ( C. dupla, Say,) is rather abundant, and is said to excavate the pith of our common Mullein ( Verbascum Thapaus). Four species have been de- scribed from Panama. I have not seen any of them. I.e. dupla. Say. Ceratina dupla, Say, Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist. i. p. 399. (1837.) Female. — Body dark green, sometimes varying to deep blue, shin- ing, densely punctured. Head rather large, the face on each side o90 [February above the clypeus depressed, the antennae inserted in the depressions ; clypeus sparsely punctured with a longitudinal obconic yellowish- white spot on the disk, which is sometimes obsolete or wanting ; labrum clothed with short suberect pale hairs ; antennae short, black, slightly tinged with green or blue. Thorax with the punctures more or less sparse on the disk which has five slightly impressed longitudinal lines, the two lateral ones abbreviated in front; posterior half of the tuber- cles white, anterior half black ; tegulae piceous, smooth and shining. Wings subhyaline ; nervures blackish. Legs black, tinged with green or blue, shining, sparsely hairy ; extreme base of the tibiae exteriorly with a small whitish spot which is sometimes obsolete ; apical joints of the tarsi rufo-testaceous. Abdomen rather short, ovate, when the seg- ments are distended it is more or less clavate ; convex above, sparsely punctured on the disk of the three basal segments and more dense on the apical segments; extreme tip of the apical segment acute ; ventral segments flat, densely and rather deeply punctured and clothed with pale hairs especially toward the tip. Length 2 — 4 lines. Male. — Resembles the female, but the head is smaller, the clypeus has on its disk a yellowish-white mark which is suddenly and broadly dilated on each side along the anterior margin, somewhat resembling a trefoil ; the labrum has a yellowish-white spot in the middle, and the sixth segment of the abdomen above has on its disk a small more or less obtuse tubercle which is, as well as the apical margin of the segment, densely clothed with whitish pubescence. Hah. — Mass., Conn., N. Y., N. J., Penn., Del., Va., 111. Numerous specimens. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila., and Mr. E. Norton, This pretty little bee is rather common, and varies considerably both in size and color. 2. C. Tejonensis, n. sp. Male. — Body dark bluish-green, shining. Head deeply but nut densely punctured, the punctures very sparse on the clypeus which has a whitish subtrefoil mark, similar to that on the % of dupla; the la- brum sparsely punctured with short pale pubescence, and having on its disk a quadrate whitish spot; the antennae rather short, inserted in a depression on each side of the face above the clypeus, tinged with rufo-testaceous towards the tip. Thorax sparsely punctured, with five slightly impressed longitudinal lines as in diipla, the punctures on 1S64.] 31)1 the pleura, the scutellum and post-scutellum are dense ; tegulae dark ru- fo-piceous, smooth and shining; tubercles entirely green-black. Wings subhyaline ; nervures black. Legs bluish-black, shining, tarsi clothed with yellowish pubescence, apical joints rufo-testaceous ; posterior fe- mora produced beneath into a broad obtuse tooth; tibial spurs testa- ceous. Abdomen ovate, finely and densely punctured, shining bluish- green, apical segment clothed with short pale pubescence; near the pos- terior margin of the sixth segment above there is an obtuse projection which is densely clothed with pale pubescence ; apex of the seventh segment fringed with rather long pale hairs ; ventral segments densely and finely punctured, the apical margin of the segments ciliated with pale pubescence. Length 4^ lines. Hah. — Fort Tejon, California. One specimen. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. Resembles C. dupla Say, but distinguished at once by the finer punctation of the abdomen, and the shape of the posterior femora. The tubercles and tip of the tibiae are without the whitish spots which are conspicuous in dupla. 3. C. eximia, Smith. Ceratina eximia, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 3d ser. i, p. 40. (1862.) •' Female. Length 4} lines. — Head and thorax of a bright metallic green, and strongly and closely punctured ; the flagellum obscurely rufo-piceous beneath ; an oblong spot on the clypeus and a minute tri- angular one on each side, cream-colored ; the mesothorax with three longitudinal impressed lines in the middle, and an abbreviated one out- side opposite the tegulae ; the wings subhyaline, the nervures and tegulae ferruginous ; the legs pale ferruginous, and thinly covered with cinereous pubescence ; a minute spot at the apex of the anterior femora above, and a line on the tibiae ; also a minute spot at the extreme base of the posterior tibige, white. Abdomen bright purple, finely punc- tured, the three apical segments rugose." Hab. — Panama. 4. C. placida, Smith. Ceratina placida, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 3d ser. i, p. 41. (1862.) •' Female. Length 3^ — 4 lines. — Dark bronze color, with tints of bright green on the head and thorax; a triangular spot on the clypeus anteriorly, and a similar spot on each side of it touching the eyes, the latter sometimes continued up the inner orbit of the eyes, yellowish 892 [February white ; a narrow line behind the eyes ; the head strongly and elossely punctured ; the flagellum piceous beneath. Thorax strongly punctured, with a smooth shining space in the middle of the disk ; the mesothorax with three central smooth impressed lines, and an abbreviated one out- side of them opposite the tegulas ; the wings subhyaline. the nervures blackish ; the legs nigro-piceous ; a process in front of the anterior femora at their base, which is produced into an acute spine on each side. The abdomen strongly punctured, the three apical segments rugose; beneath bright green." Hah. — Panama. The two following species of this genus, described from Cayenne. are also recorded as having been collected at Panama : 5. C. punctulata, Spin. Ceratina punctulata, Spin., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. x, p. 139 (1841); Smith. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 3d ser. i, p. 40. " The specimens from Cayenne, described by Spinola. only diiFer from those from Panama in having a white spot on the labrum : T have little doubt of their identity." fi. C laeta, Spin. Ceratina Iceta, Spin., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. x. p. 138: Smith. Trans. Ent. Soo. Lond. 3d ser. i, p. 40. Gen. EPEOLUS, Latr. " Head transverse, tlie ocelli placed in a curve on the vertex ; the labrum transverse-ovate, the anterior margin sub-emarginate, with a minute tooth in the centre of the emargination, the angles produced ; in the middle, two minute teeth placed in a line with the angles of the emargination. The labial palpi four-jointed, about one-fifth shorter than the labium ; the two basal joints elon- gate, the first joint one-third longer than the second, the two apical joints mi- nute, placed at the apex of the second joint ; the paraglossce short and lanceo- late. The maxillary palpi one-jointed, the joint ovate and minute. The supc- rior wings having one marginal and three submarginal cells, the marginal cell elongate-ovate, slightly narrowed towards the apex : the tirst submarginal cell nearly as long as the two following, the second much nnrrowed towards the marginal, and receiving the first recurrent nerviire a little beyond the middle: the second submarginal also much narrowed towards the marginal cell, and receiving the second recurrent nervure a little beyond the middle. The leg.s have the calcaria and claws simple. Abdomen oblong-cordate." — -Smith, Bees of G-reat Britain, p. 1 43. These pretty bees arc e;isily recognized by the yellowish white or cinereous bands of the abdomen. The abdomen is acute in the males. 1S(U.] 393 aud obtuse-truncate in the females; the fifth segment in the latter sex has on its disk above, a subtriangular depressed space, somewhat ru- "•ose, and clothed with short decumbent hairs which sometimes have a silvery reflection in certain lights. Only four species of this genus are at present known to me ; three of these are very abundant in August, on flowers in the neighborhood of Philadelphia. They are easily captured, being very sluggish in their habits. 1. E. remigatus, Fabr. Melecta remigata, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 387 (1804). Female. — Head black, shining, finely punctured, interspersed with larger punctures on the clypeus, clothed with a few yellowish hairs above the antennae and on the vertex ; a small impressed puncture on each side of the clypeus. Antenn?e black. Thorax black, opaque, finely punctured, above yellowish-white, with a large cordate black mark occupying nearly the whole disk ; anteriorly, the middle black lobe is prolonged to the collar, the lateral lobes short; the collar, an augulated mark on each side of the pleura almost covering the tuber- cles and extending half-way down the sides of the pleura and then suddenly augulated posteriorly, yellowish-white. Scutellum black, with the posterior margin and two small spots close together on the middle of the anterior margin, and the post-scutellum yellowish-white ; a tuft of long pale hairs on each side behind the base of the wings. Wings fusco-hyaline. Legs black or brown-black, sparsely clothed with short pale glittering pubescence. Abdomen black, opaque, minutely punc- tured ; basal segment yellowish-white, interrupted on the disk by a longitudinal black line which is dilated on its middle ; the second seg- ment has a yellowish-white band, slightly interrupted on the disk and very much dilated on each side ; the third and fourth segments have on their apical margins a narrow uninterrupted yellowish-white band ; the fifth segment has on each side a small cinereous spot ; beneath brown-black, shining. Length 6 lines. Male. — Like the female, except that the fifth and sixth segments of the abdomen above have fasciae like those on the third and fourth segments. Hah. — Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Coll Ent. Soc. Phila., and Mr. E. Norton. 394 [February Easily distinguished by the large cordate black spot on the disk of the thorax, and by the whitish band of the second segment of the ab- domen above being broadly dilated on each side. 2. E. lunatus, Say. Epeolus lunatus, Say, Long's 2nd Exped. ii, p. 354, % 9 (1824). Female. — Head black, densely punctured, those on the clypeus and labrum very fine, close and interspersed with larger punctures ; labrum and a spot on the mandibles rufous ; a patch of yellowish sericeous pubescence around the base of each antenna ; occiput fringed with pale hairs. Antennae black, three basal joints rufous, especially in front. Thorax black, densely, finely and confluently punctured ; the disk with a longitudinal impressed line; a line over the collar almost encircling the tegulae and extending backwards, sometimes obliquely, on each side of the pleura, a line over the insertion of the wings, some- times bordering the posterior margin of the mesothorax, two short ab- breviated lines on the disk of the metathorax anteriorly, the posterior margin of the scutellum, the post-scutellum, and an angulated patch, pointed within, on each side of the metathorax, all pale yellowish ; scu- tellum black, subbilobate on the disk and having on each side a slightly divergent, stout, rather acute tooth ; on each side of the post-scutellum a tuft of long yellowish-white hairs; tegulre rufous. Wings fusco- hyaline, apical margins darker. Legs rufous, clothed with very short silvery-white pile, especially the posterior legs and trochanters; the coxae, trochanters and femora more or less stained with blackish. Ab- domen opaque velvety-black, minutely punctured ; basal segment pale yellowish, interrupted anteriorly and posteriorly, and on the disk by a rather large transverse triangular black spot; apical margin of the second, third and fourth segments pale yellowish ; the fifth segment has on each side a triangular cinereous patch ; beneath black, the segments sometimes obsoletely margined with cinereous. Length 5 — 6i lines. Male. — Differs from the female in having the labrum, mandibles, three basal joints of the antennae, the tegulae and legs mostly black, sometimes obsoletely tinged with rufous; the fourth, fifth and sixth segments of the abdomen above have their posterior margins cinere- ous ; the apical segment is narrow and rounded at tip. and silvery in certain lights. 1S64.] Htfii ffab.— Conn., Penn.. Del., Va.. 111. Collection Ent. Soc. Phila.. and Mr. Edward Norton. The yellowish markings of this, as well as of the other species, are composed of appressed scale-like pubescence, and the color sometimes varies to a vei'y pale yellowish-white or cinereous. I cannot agree with Mr. Smith (Brit. Mus. Cat.ii, p. 256), that this species is identical with E. remigatvs Fabr., for I have examined nu- merous specimens of both species and find that the characters which separate them are constant and with no intermediate grades of varia- tion. In lunatus the face about the insertion of the antennae is al- ways yellowish, in remigatus it is black in all the specimens I have examined ; in the $ hmafm the labrum, the three basal joints of the antenna?, the tegulae and the legs are always rufous, in remigatus they are always black; the yellowish band on the second abdominal seg- ment of lunatus is narrow and not dilated laterally as is always the case in remigatus^ and the dorsum of the mesothorax in lunatus has only two short longitudinal lines, whereas remigatus has the mesothorax above yellowish-cinereous, with a large cordate black spot on the disk, or as Fabricius describes it, " macula magna, dorsali anticc triloha nigral ?>. E. mercatus, Fabr. Epeolus mercatus, Fabr. Syst. Piez., j). 389 (1804). •' Small. Head black, clypeus shining, with silvery pubescence. Thorax black, with a yellowish line on the anterior and posterior margins. A.bdonien black, with five cinereous bands. Feet rufous. ■• Hah. — Carolina." I have not seen this species. It seems intermediate between E. lunatus Say, and E. donatus Smith. Say thought it distinct from his lunatus, and Mr. Smith indicates it as being in the Collection of the British Museum. 4. E. 4-fasciatus, Say. Epeolus X-fasciatas, Say, Western (iuarterly Reporter, p. 81 (1823). ••Body deep opaque black; three basal joints of the auteunie. cly- peus and labrum, rufous; front around the base of the antennae, yel- low ; thorax with an anterior and posterior yellow line, the latter so arquated as nearly to attain the former ; a broader line beneath the wings ; beneath the scutel a whitish band and two oblique lanceolate spots; tergum. 4-banded with yellow, fir.st baud very broad. interru|ited 396 [February by a line which is very slightly dilated in the middle ; remaiuing bands narrower, submarginal, entire ; terminal segment with an oblique yel- low lateral spot ; feet rufous. Length three-fifths of an inch. " Hah. — Arkansa. On flowers near the Rocky Mountains. It is much larger than E. mercatus F." I have not seen any specimens which answer exactly to the above description, but with the exception of the rufous clypeus. and the ab- sence of the two short medial lines of the thorax, it agrees with IJ. lunatus Say, and may possibly be a bright colored variety of that species. 5. E. donatus, Smith. Epeolas donatus. Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. ii. p. 256, % 9 (1854). Fcmah'. — Head black, densely and finely punctured, interspersed with larger punctures on the clypeus. a patch of silvery pubescence on each side of the fiice above the clypeus. Antennae black. Thorax black, densely, finely and confluently punctured, somewhat shining ; a line on the collar, an irregular mark behind the tubercles, which it margins posteriorly, two short lines on the disk anteriorly which are usually obsolete, the posterior margin of the thorax and scutellum, sometimes a line over the wings, the post-scutellum, and a curved line on each side of the metathorax, cinereous ; a tuft of cinereous hairs on each side behind the base of the wings. Wings fusco-hyaline. Legs black, having a thin glittering pubescence. Abdomen black, minutely punctured, somewhat shining ; basal segment margined with cinereous, the basal and apical margins interrupted on the disk, the apical margins of the second, third and fourth segments cinereous, sometimes slightly interrupted on the disk ; on each side of the second segment there is sometimes a cinereous spot or line proceeding from the apical band ; the fifth segment with a triangular cinereous patch on each side; beneath black, shining. Length 6 lines. Male. — Like the female, except that the fifth and sixth segments of the abdomen above have each an apical cinereous band like those on the two preceding segments; tibi^ and tarsi and the apical margins of the ventral segments have a cinereous pubescence. The wings are sometimes hyaline. Hub.— {^own., N. J.. Penn., Del. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila., and Mr. K. Norton. is (34.] 397 Diflers tVoiii E. hiiiafn.-< Say, ])y the markings being always cineve- nus, l)y the face having a silvery-white pubescence, by the labruui. anteun;ie, tegul?e and legs being always black and clothed with a very fine, short, silvery-cinereous pubescence, by the more hyaline wings, and by the basal segment of the abdomen above being only narrowly margined with cinereous. Among the many specimens of this species that I have examined, I find no intermediate grades of variations be- tween this and E. Jauatns Say. ti. £. scutellaris, Say. Epeolus seutellaris. Say, Long's 2nd Expedition, ii, p. .355. 9- (li''24.) '• Female. — Body deep black, densely punctured ; front with a white spot surrounding the base of each antenna ; antennae black-brown, three basal joints and mandibles rufous ; thorax with the collar, obsolete line over the wings, dilated posterior teeth and scutel, ferruginous ; wings dusky on their terminal margin ; feet rufous ; tergum black-brown ; two distant bands on the first segment, of which the first is obsolete. and the other is interrupted in the middle, second and third segments each with a band on their posterior margins, pale yellow ; remaining bands indistinct. Length from three-tenths to nearly seven-twentieths of an inch. •' Hah.—W\M\Q States. •■ Much smaller than the preceding, and about equal in size to E. mercattis Fabr., from which it diflers by various characters, and par- ticularly by the much more dilated form of the posterior thoracic teeth." Not seen. 7. E. zonatus, Smith. Epeolus zonatus. Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. ii. p. 257. 9 • (1854.) •• Female. Length 4 lines. — Head and thorax black, the antennae, labrum and mandibles ferruginous, the fiace has a little silvery pubes- cence. Thorax encircled with ferruginous; the collar, sides of protho- rax, tegulae and scutellum being red, the scutellum armed on each side with a short stout acute tooth ; legs ferruginous, the wings fusco-ferru- ginous. the nervures ferruginous. Abdomen, the two basal segments ferruginous, the apical ones black; the apical margins of the segments have fasciae of short white pubescence, usually much interrupted ; the extreme base of the abdomen black. 398 [February •' Male. — This sex differs in having the apex of the clypeus ferrugi- nous, and only the basal segment of the abdomen of that color. •' Z?a6.— United States; St. John's Bluff. East Florida." Unknown to me. s. E. fumipennis, Say. Epeohis fumipennis. Say, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist, i, p. 40.3. (18.37.) •' Body densely punctured, black : head carinate between the an- tenna? : antennaj honey-yellow at base, beneath : labrum with an obso- lete, minute, ferruginous dot each side : mandibles honey-yellow at base : thorax with two slender whitish abbreviated lines and whitish lateral edge : collar with a ferruginous disk, contracted in the middle; a ferruginous dot before the wings : wing-scale and scutel ferruginous : wings fuliginous : tergum, first and second segments with a yellow band, the first broader and widely interrupted ; remaining segments with a whitish band, the last segment with the addition of an obscure rufous terminal margin : tibiae and tarsi honey-yellow. Length three- tenths of an inch. " Hah. — Mexico. " The lunatus nob. also has a bilineated thorax, but it is a larger species, has a whitish spot around the base of the antennae ; lunated spot at base each side of the tergum. &c. Smaller than mprcatus F. and Acutellark nob." Unknown to me. 0. E. pusillus, n. sp. Female. — Head black, finely and densely punctured, the face about the base of the antennae silvery -white ; labrum tinged with rufous on each side ; mandibles rufous ; antennae black, as long as the thorax, the three basal joints rufous in front. Thorax finely and densely punc- tured, black, opaque ; a line over the collar passing down on each side behind the tubercles, another line in front of the scutellum extending forward, rather obsoletely, over the base of the wings, two short longi- tudinal lines on the disk in front, the posterior margin of the scutellum, the post-scutellum, and a patch on each side of the metathorax, all pale cinereous ; the tubercles, tegulse and legs rufous, the latter somewhat clothed with short glittering pile. Wings hyaline, with their apical margins fuscous. Abdomen rather short, opaque velvety black, finely and densely punctured; base of the first segment and the apical mar- lKfi4.] SOP uius of four basal segments, cinereous, that on the second segment sliahtly interrupted in the middle ; fifth segment cinereous, with the depressed space small and silvery in certain lights ; beneath brown- black, disk of second segment stained with rufous, and the apical mar- uins of the segments obsoletely fringed with cinereous. Length 3 lines. Hah. — Massachusetts. One specimen. Coll. Mr. F. G. Sanborn. Rather smaller than E. variegatus of Europe, and marked somewhat like E. flonatm Smith, but distinct from any described species. Geu. C(ELIOXYS, Latr. '•Head as wide as the thorax: the ocelli placed in a triangle on the vertex: the ct/es lateral, elongate, and covered with pubescence. The labial palpi four- jointed, the basal joints elongate, the second rather longer than the first, the third and fourth minute, placed at the side and near the apex of the second joint. The maxillary palpi three-jointed, the basal joint very short, thick and subglobose: the second joint not so thick, but of about the same length: the apical joint of equal length, but slender and eylindrie. The Zaftrwrn elongate, transverse at the base and produced at the lateral angles Thorax globose, the sciitellum armed with a tooth on each side: the superior wings with one margi- nal and two submarginal cells: the marginal cell narrow, elongate, and round- ed at the apex : the second submarginal cell receiving the two recurrent ner- vures. the first near its base, and the second near its apex. Abdomen conical, acute at the apex in the females : in the males the apex is dentate. The clavjs simple in the females; in the males bifid at their apex. The males have their anterior coxse toothed." — Smitli, Bees of Great Britain, p. 144. These bees are parasitic on the genus Megncliile. They are easily known by their conical abdomen, which is acute at tip in the females and armed with spines in the males. They are generally black, strongly punctured and having the abdominal segments fringed with white pubescence ; the scutellum is produced, posteriorly and armed on each side with a short or long, stout tooth, and the segments of the abdo- men, in most species, have a more or less deep transverse impressed line on their middle. In separating our species, I have used Dr. Nylander's excellent spe- cific characters, i. e., the form of the anal plates of the 9 abdomen ; the upper and lower plates diifer in shape and are constant in each species ; the inferior plate is more or less longer than the superior, being in some species only slightly longer, and in others nearly half as long again. The males are very diiiicult to determine, and their habits will have to be studied well before they can be correctly separated. 400 [February 1. C, rufitarsus. Smith. Oelioxys rujitarsus, Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. ii, p. 271, % (1854.) '■ Male. Length 5i lines. — Black, the head and thorax coarsely punctured, the face covered with white pubescence, the cheeks and the thorax beneath have a long white pubescence as well as the sides of the metathorax, the tegulae testaceous in the middle, the wings subhy- aline, their nervures ferruginous, all the tarsi bright ferruginous; the apical margins of all the segments have a white marginal fascia ; the fifth segment has on its apical margin laterally a short blunt tooth, the sixth has a more acute one on each side in the middle, the apex hav- ing four teeth, placed two above and two beneath, the latter being the longest and most acute. '• Hah. — United States." Not seen. C. duhitata Smith, is most probably the female of this species. 2. C. dubitata. Smith. Ca-Uoxi/s dubitata. Smith. Brit. Mus. Cat. ii, p. 272, 9. (1S54.) Female. — Head black, clothed with yellowish-white pubescence, which is longer about the insertion of the antennae and on the apex of the clypeus; vertex deeply and roughly punctured. Antennae black. Thorax black, deeply, roughly and rather densely punctured ; an obso- lete line on the anterior margin, interrupted in the middle, a line over the tegulae and a spot behind them, two spots in front of the scutellum and an obsolete line behind it, a double line on each side of the pleura continued uninterrupted beneath, of short white pubescence; sides of the metathorax densely clothed with white pubescence ; tegulae black ; scutellum with a stout, bent tooth on each side behind. Wings sub- hyaline, dusky towards the tip ; nervures fuscous. Legs black, tip of the femora and the tarsi rufous ; the femora and tibias clothed with short white pubescence. Abdomen conical, black, shining, distinctly and sparsely punctured ; the five basal segments with an apical white marginal fringe ; the superior plate of the apical segment finely and densely punctured and having a slight longitudinal carina towards the tip ; on each side of the segment the margin is suddenly narrowed at halt its length, forming on each side a sharp angle, from which it gradually narrows to the tip which is obtuse and rounded ; the inferior plate is lanceolate, longer than the superior and very slightly notched on each side near the tip ; ventral segments densely and deeply punc- ls(34.] 4Ul tured. and each having an apical white marginal fringe, which is some- times interrupted in the middle. Length 6 lines. ]Jnl,^ — Couu.. Penn.. Del. Four specimens. Coll. Rut. Soc. Phila.. and Mr. E. Norton. Most probably the female of C. ni/ifarsus Smith. It is larger than ('. i^'dtntata Say, from which it differs principally by the more sudden angulation of the lateral margin of the last abdominal segment above, and by the inferior plate having the slight notch on each side removed further from the tip, which is consequently more elongate beyond the notches. ;!. C S-dentata, Say. Ccelioxys S-dentata, Say, Long's 2iid Expecl. ii, p. 353, % : Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. i. p. 400. J . Fenmh. — Head black, deeply and roughly punctured on the vertex, tinely punctured on the face which is clothed as well as the cheeks with short whitish pubescence ; about the base of each antenna there is a tuft of long yellowish hairs ; clypeus fringed with yellowish hairs ; antennje black. Thorax black, deeply, roughly and somewhat densely punctured ; a line on the anterior margin which continues down on the sides of the pleura and behind the fore-legs, interrupted on the disk above, a line over the tegulae and a spot behind them, a short line or two spots before the scutellum as well as its posterior margin, all of short white pubescence ; sides of the metathorax densely clothed with white pubescence, the pleura and thorax beneath sparsely so ; the pos- terior margin of the scutellum broadly rounded and armed on each side with a stout, rather acute, slightly divergent tooth ; tegulse ferru- ginous. Wings subhyaline, apical margins fuliginous; nervures fus- cous. Legs ferruginous, the coxae and sometimes the femora and tibiae more or less blackish ; the femora beneath clothed with short whitish and the tarsi with short yellowish pubescence. Abdomen conical, black, shining, rather deeply but not densely punctured; the posterior margins of the five basal segments above fringed with short white pu- bescence ; the superior plate of the apical segment finely and densely punctured, apex lanceolate, with a slight longitudinal carina ; on each side of the segment the margin is rather suddenly narrowed at half its length, forming on each side a subacute angle, from which it narrows to the apex which is rounded and obtuse ; the lower plate is lanceolate, 402 [February longer than the upper and very slightly notched on each side near the tip which is obtusely pointed ; ventral segments black, sometimes stained with rufous and having a posterior white marginal fringe, some- times slightly interrupted in the middle. Length 5 lines. Male. — Like the female, except that the face is densely clothed with yellowish-white pubescence ; the extreme lateral apical margin of the sixth segment produced into a short blunt tooth, the apical segment is produced into two bifurcate processes, the upper teeth short and obtuse, the lower teeth longer, more slender and acute, also a tooth on each side of the segment, broad at base and rather suddenly narrowed to- wards the tip which is acute. Hah. — N. Y., Penn., Del, Va. Ten specimens. Coll. Knt. Soc. Phila., and Mr. E. Norton. The legs sometimes varies from ferruginous to almost entirely black. and the white markings of the body sometimes obsolete ; the apical segment of the $ abdomen of this species has the lateral margins of the superior plate much less suddenly narrowed in the middle than in C. duhitata Siuitli, and the inferior plate is rather shorter and broader, and has the slight notch on each side nearer the tip. 4. C. brevis, u. sp. Female. — Head black, the ftice and cheeks densely clothed with short whitish pubescence, which is more sparse on the clypeus ; an- tennae black. Thorax black, densely and roughly punctured ; a line on the anterior margin interrupted on the disk, a spot behind the tegulae, a transverse line or two spots before the scutellum, a double transverse line on each side of the pleura and the sides of the meta- thorax, of short white pubescence ; posterior margin of the scutellum rounded and having on each side a stout slightly bent tooth ; tegulae ferruginous. Wings subhyaline, their apical margins clouded. Legs ferruginous, the coxae and base of the femora black. Abdomen coni- cal, black, .shining, rather densely punctured ; the five basal segments eacli with an apical white mai'ginal fringe; apical segment short, densely punctured, and having a longitudinal carina above towards the tip which is obtusely rounded, sides rather abruptly narrowed about the middle ; the lower plate longer than the upper, broad and gradu- ally narrowed to the tip, before which on each side is a slight notch ; ventral segments black, densely and strongly punctured, the basal seg- 1S64.] 40:! lueut has a large spot of white pubescence on its disk and the four following segments have an apical, white, marginal fringe. Length 4 J lines. ^fale. — Resembles the female, from which it differs as follows : — The head is larger and has the face densely clothed with rather long yellowish-white pubescence ; the abdomen is short, conical, the apex obtuse, the extreme lateral apical margin of the sixth segment is pro- duced on each side into a short blunt tooth ; the apical segment pro- duced into two bifurcate processes, the upper teeth short and blunt, the lower teeth a little longer and more acute; on each side of this segment there is a stout acute tooth. Length 4 lines. Hdb. — Conn., N. J., Penn., Md. Five specimens. Coll. Ent. 8oc. Philad., and Mr. E. Norton. Resembles the preceding species, but the superior anal plate of the 9 abdomen is shorter and the sides not so suddenly narrowed as in that species. The males are rather small, short, and robust. 5. C. moesta, u. sj). Female. — Head black, densely punctured, sparsely clothed in front and on the cheeks with short pale pubescence; antennae black. Thorax black, densely and strongly punctured, the pleura and metathorax especially the sides, clothed with rather long whitish hairs; the scu- tellum rounded posteriorly and having on each side a short blunt tooth ; tegulae black, smooth and shining. Wings subhyaline, their apical half dusky. Legs black, shining, the tarsi clothed beneath with short yel- lowish pubescence. Abdomen conical, black, shining, i-ather sparsely punctured, the four basal segments having a narrow apical white mar- ginal fringe, that on the third and fourth segments subobsolete ; apical segment densely punctured, subopaque, depressed towards the tip, which is slender, pointed and having on its disk a slight longitudinal carina; the lower plate slender, much longer than the upper, and hav- ing a slight notch on each side near the tip ; ventral segment densely and strongly punctured, subopaque. Length 5 lines. Hah. — Connecticut. One specimen. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. Resembles the two preceding species, but differs in the shape of the apical plates of the abdomen, being longer, narrower and more acute than in those species. •i04 [February 6. C. modesta, Smith. Codioxys modesta, Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. ii, p. 271, 9 • (1854.) " Female. Length 4^ lines. — Black, head and thorax covered with large distinct punctures, the face covered with white pubescence. Tho- rax, a line on the collar, a spot behind the tegulae, and a line at the base of the scutellum of white pubescence ; the sides of the metatho- rax have some long white hairs, and the legs above are covered with very short white pubescence, the legs rufo-testaceous, as well as the tegulae and nervures of the wings, the latter fusco-hyaline, darkest to- wards their apical margins ; the scutellum rounded behind and armed on each side with a short bent tooth. Abdomen shining, the punc- tures scattered, all the segments have fasciae of white pubescence, fre- quently interrupted; the apical segment has the lower plate broad, rounded at the apex, and having a minute point in the middle, the margins of the plate fringed with fuscous pubescence. " ffalj.— United States." I have before me a single 9 specimen from Pennsylvania (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.), which agrees with the above description, except that the tegulae and legs are rufo-piceous instead of " rufo-testaceous." The superior plate of the apical segment of the abdomen is a little shorter than the inferior, the posterior half of the plate is depressed, gradually narrowed to the tip which is acute and bent upwards ; the lower plate agrees with the description given by Mr. Smith. I have very little doubt of their identity. 7. C. funeraria, Smith. C(xlioxys funeraria. Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. ii, p. 272, % (1854). " Male. Length 5 lines. — Black, head and thorax strongly and very closely punctured, the face covered with snow-white pubescence ; the thorax has some long white pubescence on the collar, metathorax be- neath, and on the sides; wings subhyaline, the nervures ferruginous, the tarsi ferruginous ; the scutellum rounded at its posterior margin and armed on each side with a short bent tooth. Abdomen shining, closely and rather strongly punctured ; all the segments have a snow- white band on their apical margins, which is narrow in the middle and gradually widened towards the lateral margins and continued uninter- ruptedly on the ventral segments; the apex armed with six teeth. 1864.] 405 placed one on each side, and four at the apex placed two above and two below, the lower pair longest and acute. •' Hah. — Canada. " This species closely resembles the G. vectis [of Europe], but diflers in having snow-white pubescence on the face, continuous bands on the abdomen, and also in wanting the transverse depressions on each seg- ment ; the fifth segment also is not produced at its apical lateral mar- gins. Unknown to me. 8. C. lateralis, n. sp. Male. — Head black, densely and roughly punctured ; the face densely clothed with rather long yellow pubescence ; antennae black. Thorax black, densely and roughly punctured, clothed with rather dense, short, yellowish-fuscous pubescence, the sides of the metathorax and the pleura clothed with den.se whitish pubescence ; scutellum rounded behind, and having a short, blunt, diverging tooth on each side ; tegulfe blackish. Wings subhyaliue, dusky at tip. Legs black, the coxae and femora clothed with whitish pubescence. Abdomen subconical, very slightly narrowed towards the tip, the base being narrower than the thorax ; black, shining, covered with dense, deep punctures which are more sparse on the disk above ; base of the first segment clothed with fuscous pubescence ; on each side of the four basal segments the apical margins are fringed with white pubescence, narrowed to a point inwardly, that on the side of the basal segment large and angular; the extreme lateral margin of the sixth segment is produced on each side into a very short blunt tooth ; the apical segment is produced into two bifurcate pro- cesses, the upper teeth short and obtuse, the lower teeth a little longer, more slender and acute ; on each side of this segment there is a straight well developed acute tooth; ventral segments densely and strongly punctured, each having an apical, white, marginal fringe. Length 5 J lines. Bab. — Pennsylvania. One specimen. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila. This is a very neat and distinct species ; the sides of the abdomen are almost parallel and unlike any other species known to me. I have not seen the female. 400 [February 9. C. alternata, Say. Cubes- cens, Helomyza pbimata^ DrosophUa amoena, D. /unebris, D. quadri- maculata, D. tripunctata^ Lauxania lujjulina, CoretJn-a punctipennis, Ceratopogon bimaculatus), 1 CoLEOPTER.A {Amblycliila rylindri/or- mia), from Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. 9 Lepidoptera {Sinvrinthns myops, Raphia /rater. Grote (Type), (Jatocala relicta, C. concumbcns, G. nuptu/a. Microcoelia linnula Grote (Type), Acronycta noctivaga Grote (Type), EUopia ribearia, Hypena scabra), from Aug. R. Grote. 1S64.] 418 9 Jilv'iY.KA (^Gnophomylaluctuosa., Tipula/uliginoslaek- ish. Head white with the ends of the scales touched with blackish. Labial palpi l)lackish; middle joint with a central and apical white ring ; terminal joint with a basal white ring, and one of the same hue, near the apex, which is blackish. I have before me a single specimen in good condition, received from Mr. B. D. Walsh of Bock Island, Illinois. He says respecting it : •• It is a species of which I have bred two. from the oak-apple galls of Ci/uipa quercm-spongijica 0. S. There is also a large Tortrix ? larva 1 sr,4.] 421 that eats up the ••sponge" of these galls leaving the central cell, the imago of which I do not know, but I suspect its normal food is oak- leaves, because I have found a very large Notodontade larva, which I know usually eats oak leaves, engaged in the same operation. I know nothing of the larva of this species, but am certain, both imagos came out of these oak-apples." GRACILARIA, Zell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Jan. 1860, p. 6. Proe. Ent. Soc. Phil., March 1863, p. 9. Gracilaria coroniella, n. s.— Fore -vvings dark yellowish, overlaid with purple. Near ihe middle of the costa is a large triangular, pale yellow patch, the angle (if whieli terminates at the fold of the wing and containing on the costa three or ftnir jnirplish dots. A little posterior to the triangular patch is a small costal pale yellow spot. The apical portion of the wing is yellowish : cilia is yellow- ish tipped with black. Hind wings shining gray, cilia dull dark gray. Head dark yellowish. Antennte dark fuscous, very slightly anuulated with yellowish. Labial palpi yellowish, terminal joint dark brownisli exteriorly. This is a very handsome insect. I have a single specimen from Il- linois f n- which I am indeb:ed to Mr. B. D. Walsh. His specimens were taken in the winter, under the loose bark of trees and conse- quently the imago hybernates. DEPRRSSARIA, Haw. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., Aug. 1863, p. 124. Depressaria pulvipennella, n. s. — Fore wings dark, slightly reddish-ochreous. freely dusted and spotted with blackish-brown. The costa at the base is pale- ochreous and is marked with blackish-brown, short stripe from near the base to the tip. On or near the disc is a blackish shade, or nearly square spot contain- ing a white dot in a short streak thrown from it exteriorly. There is another blackish patch at the base of the fold. The hinder margin is indistinctly dot- ted with blackish ; cilia with a reddish hue. Thorax pale ochreous, dusted with dark brownish. Face whitish; head touched above loith reddish brown. Antennse dark brown. Labial palpi dark brownish ; middle joint dusted with whitish and the scales beneath touched with reddish : terminal joint blackish with the extreme tip and a central ring reddish - ochreous. A single specimen from Mr. B. D. Walsh, and a specimen in the collection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia from the State of Vir<>inia. Besides the foregoing I am indebted to Mr. Walsh for some speci- mens of the smaller Tineiua. Unfortunately they were set on strips 42:i [March of card, with the wiiig.s uuexpauiiel and have been too much denuded ill the process of setting to enable me to determine precisely to what genus and species they belong. One of these which was taken in the winter time, hyberiuiting under the loose bark of trees, is a Litho- coUetis. either Rohinu'lla or (Jratseyelhi. but possibly a new species. There were likewise new specimens of Phyllocnistis, so much denuded and worn that 1 cannot determine the s})ecies. Depressaria cinereocostella. n. s. — Fore wings reddish-brown, grayish along tlu' eosta. niarlced witli numerous, s-hort, black longitudinal dashes. Hind wings grayish fuscous. Head and thorax grayish. Labial palpi whitish: middle joint with two dark brown patches and the ends of the scales beneath, touched with dark brownish ; terminal joint dark brownish, with two grayish rings, one in the middle, the other at the extreme tip. Virginia. Coll. Entomological Society of Philadelphia. HAMADRYAS, n. gen. This imago, which I have placed in a new genus, appears" to me to be congeneric with a portion of the genus Gelechia. The hind wings are lanceolate. The submedian and internal veins distinct. Subcostal simple, attenuated towards the base. The disc is closed and two nervules are given off from it. The median vein is 3- branched. The fore wings are lanceolate, with the inner margin dilated near the base of the wing. The subcostal vein has four branches, the first arising near the middle of the wing and the apical nervule furcate. The disc is closed, with two nervules given off from it. Median vein, 3-branched, the posterior branch arising midway between the space opposite the origins of the first and second subcosto-marginal nervules. Submedian furcate at the base. Head smooth, face and forehead broad. Ocelli very small. An- tennae rather thick, about one-half as long as the fore wings, denticu- lated beneath. Labial palpi moderately long, curved, rather slender, smooth, pointed ; the middle joint slightly compres.sed, rather thicker and longer than the terminal joint, which is cylindrical. Maxillary palpi, extremely short. Tongue clothed with scales at the base and about as long as the anterior coxse. 18(U.] 42?. H. Bassettella. — Fore wings bright reddish-orange, sometimes tintinl wiili yellowish-orange, with a black spot at the base above the fold of the wing, ami a broad black stripe, showing bluish or greenish reflections, along the inner margin, extending from the middle of the fold to the tip of the wing and occu- pying nearly one-half of the breadth of it. Along the eosta, abovit the middle of it, is a shining black stripe, which becomes narrower as it approaches thf apical third of the wing. Cilia blackish. Hind wings shining, dark greenish- black. Head and thorax black. Antennae black. Labial palpi, yellowish-orange. I am indebted to the kindness of Mr. H. F. Bassett of Waterburv, Coun.. for a nuuiber of specimens of this interesting gall miner. .Mr. B. says the species is rather common in his neighborhood and the larva feeds in a gall found on ' a species of oak which I call Q. Tinctoria. ' The galls are formed on the smaller branches, three or four being aggregated, are globular, yellowish-brown, shining and hard. The species is dedicated to the discoverer, who will doubtless work out its larval history. CYCLOPLASIS, n. gen. This new generic type is an extremely novel and interesting one. not only on account of larval history, but the structure of the perfect insect. It is a type that is probably peculiar to our own continent. The hind wings are so extremely narrow as to be hair-like, or spine- like, dilated near the base, so as to resemble a paddle; they are adorned with very long cilia. The median vein is very short and placed near the basal angle and is branchless. The subcostal vein is attenuated towards its base, is adjacent to the costa, distinct in the basal third of the wing and runs through the middle of the setiform portion, and is likewise branchless. The fore wings are narrowly lanceolate. The subcostal vein is atten- uated towards the base, is placed near the costa and without branches. The median vein is distinct and placed in the middle of the wing; it is delivered to the acute tip of the wing, near which it is probably fur- cate sending a very short, indistinct branch to the costa, which how- ever can scarcely be seen under a ,'y inch lens. The submedian vein is obsolete. Head smooth, with appressed scales. Face and forehead broad. An- tennae setaceous, short, slightly more than one-half so long as the body. Labial palpi, short, separated; in the living imago, ascending but 424 _ [March scarcely reaching to the middle of the face, slightly curved, slender, smooth and pointed ; in dead specimen the palpi are depressed and much divergent laterally; the terminal joint is very short and indis- tinct. No maxillary palpi. Tongue naked, short, rather longer than the face. When at rest the imago holds the posterior pair of legs elevated at the sides above the wings, and in walking — its motions are very ac- tive— uses them by making very rapid vil)rations, during which they touch the surface for only an instant. The femora and tibia of the posterior legs are not hairy but quite densely clothed with spines, and the feet of this pair appear to be without hooks. The antennae are porrected. The mine of the larva is like that of an Elachista, beg;inning; as a long threadlike line and towards the latter part of larval life is enlarged into a blotch. When it has reached maturity, it cuts a perfectly circu- lar disk from the upper cuticle of the leaf, folds it along its diameter and unites the edges of the circumference, so as to make a semicircle. When completed the larva enclosed in its semi-circular cocoon, lets itself fall to the ground, where it attaches the cocoon to some adjacent object. C Panicifoliella. — Fore wings dark brown, with a violet line; from tlie mid- dle to the tip. bright silvery, with a bright silvery band about the basal third. Cilia violet-brown. Hind wings violet-brown, cilia fuscous. Head and tliorax silvery. Antennae brown, touched with a silvery hue to- wards the base. The larva mines of the leaf of Panicum clandestinum early in July. My specimens were taken July 9th, and at that time many mines were teuantless and appeared to be old and are characterised by the circular piece cut out of the upper cuticle. The mine begins near the base of the leaf as a minute, threadlike line and runs to the tip, thence returns along the side to the middle of it, when it is irregularly enlarged by the larva. On July 12th, five specimens taken on the 9th began their prepara- tions for pupation, and on the 25th of July two imagos made their aj)- pearance and continued to appear for several days subsequent. Easton, Pennsylvania. ] S(U.] 425 ELACHISTA. Cosmiotes. Proe. Aaul. Nat. Sci., Jan. 1860, p. '.). lb. May, lS(i(i. ji. 172. Elachista Brachyelytrifoliella. — Fore wings dark graj'ish brown from the base to tlie middle of the wing and thence to the tip, blardcish l)rown between the markings. The costa at the base is white and conneeted witli the white costa, a))out the basal third of the wing, is a short, obliqne silvery white costal streak. Near the apical third of the wing, is another conspicuous, silvcrj'-white oblique costal streak, nearly meeting in the middle of the wing a dorsal streak of the same hue. In the costal cilia, just above the tip. are two minute silvery white streaks, black margined internally. Beneath the tip, the wing is slightly varied with pale grayish. Hind wings grayish brown, cilia the same. Antennae gravish-brown. Head in front, and labial palpi silvery white. The larva mines the leaf of Bracliyeli/trum aristatum early in July. The mine at this period is a blotch, taking up most of the leaf, but the beginning is a threadlike line. My specimens were taken on the l>th of July, at which time the most of the mines I found were tenantless, and two of the larvae were young. On the 12tli of July one of the larva? left its mine to prepare for pupation ; this it did by weaving a slight web in which the larva attached its anal prolegs, with the head downward. The larva that spun up on the 12th, appeared as an imago on the 25th of July. Easton, Pennsylvania. ADELA. Lat. Hind wingrs oblon2;-ovate, with moderate cilia. The subcostal vein is simple, attenuated towards the base. The discoidal cell is closed by a doubly angulated vein which throws from the upper angle a discal branch, furcate near the extremity and anastomoses with a false ner- vule in the middle of the disc. The median vein is 3-branched, the upper branch being medio-discal and closes the lower portion of the disc. Submedian and internal veins distinct. Fore wings oblong. The subcostal vein gives origin to four margi- nal branches, the first arising near the base of the wing and forms a secondary cell. (In the species described below, Ridhir/sella, the third marginal branch is furcate. ) Two discal branches are delivered to the hinder uiariiin from the discal vein. The median vein is 3-branched. The submedian furcate at its base. Head rough, with hairlike scales ; face beneath rather smooth. Ocelli none. E^es remott' ui both sexes. Antennae twice as long as the fore 4j:i) [March wings ill tlu! S , slender, slightly thickened towards the base ; in the 9 . shorter and at the base downy. Labial palpi eylindrie, slender, por- rected. nearly naked on the sides exteriorly, with long hair-like scales. i«])ecially beneath. No maxillary palpi. Tongue of moderate length. A. Ridingsella. n. s. — Fore wings coppery-brown, with a pale grayish-brown patch, dusted with black, in the middle of the wing, on the nervules. At the anal angle of the wing is a patch of four or five black spots, those placed along the margin each containing an embossed silvery-violet spot, and that nearest the base of the wing, containing two silvery-violet spots. Across the middle of the wing is a silvery band, and towards the tip, an oblique, silvery costal streak which nearly reaches the most interior of the black patches above tlie anal angle. At the extreme tip of the wing is a silvery spot, and just interior to it is a short silvery band ; between this and the oblique costal streak is a silvery costal spot, and one of the same hue on the inner margin nearly opposite to it. placed between the apical band and the last of the black patches. Hind wings fuscous, with a reddish -purple hue. Head, face and labial palpi fuscous, intermixed with dark ochreous. Antennse annulated with white and dark fuscous. Virginia. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia; taken by Mr. Jas-. Ridings of Philadelphia. COLEOPHORA. Zell. Proe. Ent. Soc. Phila., March 1863, p. 6. Coleophora Rosaefoliella, n. s. — Basal joint of antennce tufted. Fore wings pale grayish towards the base, clouded with dark brownish from the middle to the tip, where the color is most decided. Cilia grayish brown. Hind wings black- ish-brown, cilia grayish-brown. Head and thorax white. Antennae basal joint white, annulated with black and white. Labial palpi white, dark brownish externally. Case silken, covered with granulations. It is cylindrical, slightly compressed, the mouth slightly deflexed and the opposite end turned down slightly, hook-like. Color brown, varied with gray and reddish- brown granulations. I took the larva of this species on the 19th of April, feeding on the opening buds of the common, hundred-leafed garden-rose. During the winter the case was attached to a thorn on one of the principal stems. The imago appeared on the 25th of May. Easton, Pennsylvania. Coleophora Rosacella, n. s. — Basal joint of antennas., sligfdh/ thickened iritk h:s. Fure wings blackish brown, with the costa from the base to the begiii- Sl'ltlC.-f 1S64.] 427 ning of the C(ist;il oilia, narrowly toadied with wliite. Cilia cuiicolorous with fore wings. Hind wings blackish, cilia coneolorous. Antennse basal joint dark grayish-1)rown. Head and thorax, dark grayish- brown. Labial palpi graj'ish, grayish-brown externally. The case is made of the cuticle of the rose-leaf on which the larva feeds. It is a compressed cylinder, dilated slightly on the middle of the under edge and serrated above. Color dark ochreous. I took the larvae on the 19th of April, feeding on the opening buds of the sweet briar, the leaf of which is strongly serrated, and I found the same species on the common, hundred-leafed rose at the same time. The case of the latter diiFers from that of the larva of the sweet briar ; it is smaller, but of the same form, not serrated along the upper edge, and with a slight projection on the middle of the under edge; its color is grayish-brown. The cases of both are attached to the thorns of the bush during the winter, or to one of the principal stems amongst the thorns, and it is not easy to distinguish them from the spines of the rose-bush. Variefi/. Two specimens were obtained from the cases of the sweet- briar feeders which varied in color from the others, although the cases were not distinguishable. The images have the fore-wings dark ochre- ous and the hind wings dark brown. The imagos appear during the latter part of May and early in June. There is a strong resemblance between the variety of C. Rosacetla and the European C. Limosipennella the larva of which feeds on the elm-leaf. Easton, Pennsylvania. DASYCEEA, Haw. Hind wings ovate. The stibcostal vein is simple. The discal vein, which closes the discoidal cell, gives rise to two discal branches. The median is 3-branched, the two upper branches arising on a common stalk. The submedian and internal veins are distinct. Fore wings elongate, lanceolate. The subcostal vein subdivides into four marginal branches, the apical furcate, both branches reach the costa behind the tip. The discal vein sends two branches to the hinder margin beneath the tip and the median vein is 3-branched The fold is thickened at its tip and the submedian furcate at its base. 42« [xMaroh Head smooth. Ocelli none. Antennae towards the base thickened, with hairy scales on the back of the base, with the apex comparatively naked, slightly ciliated. Labial palpi reflexed, ascending above the vertex, the end of the middle joint equal with the forehead ; the second joint compressed, with appressed scales; the terminal joint slender, pointed, nearly as long as the second joint. Maxillary palpi short. Tongne somewhat longer than the anterior coxae, clothed with scales. D. Newmanella. — Fore wings purple, with an orange-colored stripe in the disk and a shorter one at the base of the wing in the fold and nearly joining the former. Hind wings dark fuscous. Antennae dark purple, tip silvery. Head and face of a brassy hue. Labial palpi and tongue, orange yellow. Virginia. Coll. Entomological Society of Philadelphia. WILSONIA. n. gen. Hind wings very narrow and acutely pointed, with very long cilia. The costa is dilated near the middle. The submedian vein is nearly obsolete. The costal vein enters the costa just beyond the dilation. The subcostal is simple, attenuated and obsolete from the middle of the wing to the base. The discoidal cell is closed by an extremely attenuated discal vein, which gives rise to two nervules, the upper of which appears to be a lower branch of the subcostal, but is unconnected with it and is continued through the discoidal cell to the base of the wing as a false nervule. The median vein runs near the inner margin and subdivides into three equidistant branches. Fore wings lanceolate. The discoidal cell is long and narrow, and appears to be unclosed. The subcostal vein subdivides into five branches, the apical branch bifid, both its nervulets are delivered to the costa behind the tip. The median is 4-branched. The submedian furcate at its base. Head smooth, with appressed scales. Without ocelli. Byes small. Antenna? simple, about one-half as long as the fore wings; basal joint slightly thickened with scales. Labial palpi recurved, tips equal, at least, to the vertex, rather slender, especially towards the base, with a spreading, limited tuft of scales over the articulation of the middle and terminal joints and thence to the base smooth and slender; terminal joint, about as long as the middle, roughed with scales from its base to the tip, cylindric. pointed and thicker than the basal portion of the 1864.] 420 middle joint and about as long. Xo maxillary palpi. Tongue clothed with scales, exti'emely short. The genus is dedicated to Dr. Thomas B. Wilson of Philadelphia, in recognition of the eminent encouragement he has given to Kntomo- logical studies in the United States. W. brevivittella. — Fore wings fuscous intermixed with grayish, with three black hingitudinal streaks or dashes, one at the base of the fold, another in the middle of the wing, and the last in the middle of the wing near the tip. On the inner margin are three small, black spots, placed respectively beneath the dashes. Hind wings fuscous, cilia the same. Antennae dark fuscous, basal joint yellowish. Head pale yellow. Labial palpi dark fuscous, the tuft and two rings on the terminal joint, pale yellowish. Virginia. Coll. Entomological Society of Philadelphia. YPSOLOPHUS. Haw., Zell. Proc. Eut. Soc. Phil., Aug. 1863, p. 122. Ypsolophus ilavivittellus, n. s. — Fore wings dark brown, yellowish along the costa from the base to near the tip of the wing. The yellowish streak is lim- ited by the subcostal vein and is slightly dotted with dark brown. Hind wings fuscous. Antennae, head and labial palpi, fuscous. Virginia. Coll. Entomological Society of Philadelphia. ANESYCHIA, Steph. Hind wings rather broadly oblong with short cilia. The subcostal vein is simple. The discoidal cell is closed by a transverse discal vein which gives rise to two branches. The median vein is 3-branched, the two upper branches, arising from a short, common stalk. The subme- dian and internal veins distinct. Fore wings elongate ovate. The subcostal vein subdivides into four branches ; the first is given oif near the middle of the wing and the apical branch furcate. The discal vein has two branches and the me- dian is 3-branched, all the branches being aggregated at its posterior end. The submedian furcate at the base. Head smooth. Ocelli none. Antennae of the males with the joints rather dentate and pubescent-ciliated. Labial palpi smooth, cylindric, moderately long, exceeding the vertex somewhat, reflexi'd iri'fh (he third joint pointed ; middle joint longer than the terminal joint. No maxillary palpi. Tongue of moderate length, clothed with scales tti- wards the base. 430 [Mar.-h According to Mr. H. T. Staiaton the larvae of this genus seem ex- clusively attached to plants of the Borage family, on which they feed. Anesychia sparsiciliella. — Fore wing? white with deep hlack markings. At the extreme base of the costa is a small black spot and one on the inner margin at the base, of the same hue. On the middle of theoosta, is a rather large black spot, nearly square, but with a slight incision on its inner side and doubly curved on its exterior side. Near the middle of the fold is a black dot, and one obliquely above it in the disk. The apical portion of the wing is slightly dusted witli dispersed, black atoms, and near the hinder margin on the ends of the nervules are a few black dots. Cilia white sliglitly dusted with blackish. Hind wings dark gray, cilia the same. Antenna? blackisli, white at base. Head white. Labial palpi whitish, with a bhick stri])e along the base of the middle joint. Virginia. Coll. P^ntomological Society of Philadelphia. ELACHISTA ] Hind wings with very long cilia, cimeter-like. extremely narrow. The submedian and internal veins are obsolete. Subcostal vein, paral- lel and contiguous to the costa and furcate at the extreme tip of the wing. The diseal vein is extremely attenuated and short, and gives oif a furcate branch very near to the stalk of the subcostal vein. Fore wings narrowly lanceolate. The discoidal cell is very narrow. The subcostal vein sends off three branches to the costa j the apical rein given off a branch from its middle and is trijid at its tip. Be- neath the apical vein, are three branches to the margin beneath the tip, two of which are branches of the median vein, the posterior being only faintly indicated. The submedian is furcate at its base. Head smooth. Forehead rounded. Face rather broad. Basal joint of antennse slightly thickened [stalk v-antiny). Labial palpi slightly curved, depressed, cylindrical, slender, pointed. Elachistal orichalcella. — The entire insect is of a beautiful, metallic cuper- ou^: color. The biiiil wings and cilia, are rather pale ochreous. I have before me a single specimen, badly set but otherwise in good condition. Virginia. Coll. Entomological Society of Philadelphia. l>r,4.] 431 Description of a new species of North American GORTYNA. BY AUG. R. GROTE. Curator of Entomology, Buffalo Society Natural Sciences. NOCTUINA H-S. GORTYNA Ochs. Gortyna cerussata, nov. sp. (Plate 9. fig. 1.) Autei'ior \Yiug'.s entire purplish brown, sparsely sprinkled with whit- ish scales; median space large, uniformly tinged with reddish; terminal and subterminal spaces showing a silky purple shade. There is a white basal spot, beyond which, and separated by the median vein, are two slightly yellowish spots, the lower the largest, which precede the basal half-line, the latter wavy and tinged with yellowish. Beyond and immediately following this line is a very small yellowish spot on the median vein. Transverse anterior line nearly straight, darker shaded, indistinct, undulating, preceded by a faint yellowish costal mark. The three superposed spots, which in this genus usually take the place of the orbicular and claviform, are white, obliquely inclined and contiguous to the transverse anterior line. The upper spot is pure white, very greatly larger than the inferior ones, broadest at its base and excavated along its exterior border ; the middle spot is soiled by the transverse anterior hue. Transverse posterior line geminate, darker shaded, regularly dentate between the veins, projected superiorily. Reniform spot preceded by a distinct yellowish costal mark, slightly obHque and consisting of a yellow bent central streak surmounted by three small nearly confluent linear spots, the largest perpendicular and the two smaller ones horizontal giving the appearance of a single bi-toothed spot; this central streak is bordered exteriorily by three nearly equal sized white spots, the upper one bean shaped, the lower nearly spherical, opposed to a single one on the side towards the base of the wing. Subterminal line undulating, distinct, becoming inter- rupted towards the internal angle, reddish brown and surmounted by a yellowish ill-defined sub-apical spot ; fringes long. Posterior wings brownish, darker shaded along the veins and external margin, light- er towards the base. Under surface of both pair brownish; pos- terior wings lighter shaded, both pair with a darker median shade band. Thorax and tegulse purplish brown, latter narrowly bordered 432 [March with whitish. Palpi brown, terminal joint with a few whitish scales. Antennae with a whitish basal tuft ; abdomen stout, exceeding the posterior wings , brown above and below. Legs brown, lighter shaded at the extremities of the tibial spurs and at the base of the tarsi. S Exp. 2 inches. Hah. Pennsylvania. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad. This species presents some points of resemblance to the description of G. Umpida Gruen., but differs decidedly by the number and relative size and position of the white spots on the anterior wings. The list of North American species of Gortijna. as given by Dr. Morris, is susceptible of some alterations. ZesR Harris, known to me only by the figure and desci'iption, does not appear to me to belong here. Leucostigma Harris, of which rutila Gruenee is a synonym, is our most common species and represents in our fauna the EuropeaTi flavayo W. V. The name proposed by Harris for this species is open to the objection of being already used in the present family, but T cannot believe that this constitutes any sufficient reason for its rejec- tion. Marginidens Gruenee, and Umpida Gruenee, are as yet uniden- tified by me in nature. Guenee refers to them as possible varieties of his rutila., but the descriptions seem to indicate distinct species. Mr. Walker, who evidently had the species before him, appears to have regarded marginidens as a doubtful variety of leucostigma. Nebris Gruenee, and nitela Gruenee, I have seen specimens of from the Eastern and Middle States ; they are closely allied brown incon- spicuous species, the latter appai-ently merely difiiering from the former by the absence of the white ordinary spots which are replaced by a blackish shade, observable when the specimen is held to the light. I have seen an individual the ornamentation of which appeai'ed to me to unite these species, but have had no opportunity as yet of verifying the structural differences described by M. Guenee as separating them. The following is perhaps a more correct list of our species : ■? zeae Harris. leucostigma Harris. rutila Guenee. marginidens Guenee. var? leucostigma. limpida Guenee. cerussata Grote. nebris Guenee. nitela Guenee. 1864.] 433 Descriptions of North American LEPIDOPTERA.— No. 2. BY AUG. R. GROTE. BOMBYOINA H-S. Genus GASTROPACHA, Ochs. In the Cabinet of the Entomological Society is a S specimen which, in the absence of further corresponding material, I am disposed to con- sider as an aberration or variety of Gasfropacha velkda Stoll, and describe it as follows, comparing it with the ordinary male of the species. Gastropacha velleda Stoll, var. minuta. m. Anterior wings entirely bluish black, the median bands nearly obso- lete but discernible and apparently occupying the same relative posi- tions as they do in the ordinary % . Veins at the base touched with white, the subterminal white band broadly indented at the middle as iu the ordinary % . Terminal line very narrow, whitish ; fringes short, entirely bluish black — iu the ordinary % they are moderately long, white, interrupted with black between the veins. Posterior wings and fringes entirely bluish black, immaculate, differing greatly from those of the ordinary S which are brownish, have a white band along the external margin and the fringe as on the anterior wings. Under sur- face resembling the upper with the veins along the external margin touched with whitish. Upper surface of thorax, tegulae and abdomen, latter also on the sides, entirely bluish black, differing from the ordi- nary % in which the tegulae and sides of the abdomen are white. Head and collar at base, white, and these, as well as palpi, legs and under surface of abdomen, present no great differences from the ordinary % in coloring except that the abdomen is somewhat darker shaded. Fi- nally the wings only expand 1 inch, extreme length from head to tip of abdomen | inch. Similar measurements of the ordinary % give expanse ly^^ inch, extreme length -^^^ inch. The specimen is in good preservation, appears well developed and exhibits a perfect relative proportion in its different parts. Taken by Mr. Ridings during the summer of 1863, in Massachusetts. ARCTIOIDEA H-S. Genus ABCTIA, Sehk. Arctia Persephone nov. sp. Anterior wings deep velvety black; all the veins narrowly and en- -t'^-t [March tirely striped with pale yellow. A very broad pale yellow central baud runs from the base of the wing, below the median and third inferior veins, to the internal angle, enclosing, near the external margin, a small black spot which indicates the obsolete furcation. On this me- dian band, in the terminal half of the wing, rests a series of similarly colored stripes resembling the letter K, with the straight stroke turned towards the base of the wing and the upper limb, attaining the exter- nal margin, reflexed to costa near the apex. A very broad straight pale yellow stripe extends from the costa to median vein, crossing the discal space, and a second, nearer the base of the wing, merely attains the sub-costal vein. Costa striped with pale yellow, fringes pale yel- low, internal margin showing a broad stripe of the same color narrowed towards internal angle. Posterior wings darker yellow with a broad semi-lunate discal spot and a very wide irregular black terminal band, narrowed at about the middle, not attaining the anal angle, joined to the base of the wing by a rather broad black straight streak ; fringes pale yellow. Under surface of anterior wings blackish, showing the broad yellow bands of the upper surface ; the veins in the terminal space striped with yellowish. Under surface of posterior wings resembling the upper surface. Disc of the thorax and tegulae deep black, bordered with pale yellow. Collar, and head between the eyes, pale yellow, immaculate ; palpi black ; eyes margined with black ; antennae brownish, shortly bi-pectinate ; legs dark brownish, anterior femora yellowish on the in- side. Abdomen, black, with two broad lateral yellow stripes which do not touch the anal segment. % Exp. 2 inches. Ilab. Pennsylvania. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila. Allied to Avrti((, virginicida Kirby, which it exceeds in size ; the markings of the posterior wings are probably inconstant. For the single specimen, in good preservation, the Collection of this Society is indebted to the kind liberality of Dr. Samuel Lewis of Phi- ladelphia. NOTODONTINA H-S. Genus RAPHIA, H-V.. H-S. Vein 5 of the posterior wings equally strong with, and equidistant from, veins 4 and 6, but originating nearer 4 at its base. Legs mode- rately slight and short, sparsely clothed with long hair, posterior 1S64.] 48o tibiae with four very short spurs. Antennfe of the % , finely l)i-pecti- nated, of the 9 , simple, with minute scales; eyes naked; tongue short; palpi short, hardly exceeding the front, 3rd article small, depressed. Thorax without posterior tuft; abdomen stout, exceeding the posterior wings, crested on each segment, without anal tuft. Eaphia frater nov. sji. (Plate 9, fig. 7. 9-) Anterior wings bright steel grey, median lines black, distinct. Trans- verse anterior line black, slightly bent, running in an oblique direction from costa towards the base of the wing till near internal margin where it forms a deep sinuate abrupt rounded outward reflexion. Median space grey, showing a black zigzag median shade line and black costal mark. Reniform and orbicular spots distinct, ringed with black, greyish, the former with a dark central streak, the latter, contiguous to transverse anterior line, with a clear greyish centre, and beneath it the claviforni spot margined with black. Transverse posterior line black, narrow, angu- lated, much projected and arcuated superiorly, followed by a greyish coincident shade. Subterminal space with a slightly brownish tinge ; subtermiual line dark grey bordered outwardly by a lighter shade ; veins marked with blackish; terminal line black; fringes blackish, narrowly interrupted with grey at the extremities of the veins. Pos- terior wings whitish, clouded with greyish at anal angles, with a dis- tinct black terminal line and a very faint median greyish line ; fringes grey, darker shaded between the veins. Under surface of anterior wings grey, showing a black discal lunula and a macular subterminal band ; costa with some small blackish spots. Under surface of poste- rior wings, lighter than anterior, showing a blackish discal lunule and a similar macular undulating band. Thorax, greyish ; tegulaj, nar- rowly bordered with black ; abdomen crested on all the segments, grey- ish, exceeding the posterior wings. S , resembles 9 j antennae shortly and finely bi-pectinate. S Exp. ly-jj inch. 9 , Exp. If^ inch. Hab. Middle States. 9 Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila. % 9 . Coll. Mr. E. L. Grraef, Brooklyn, L. 1. Mr. Graef informs me that the larva feeds on the silver-leaf poplar, and described it to me in general terms as light green with sub-dorsal reddish stripes. I am disposed to regard this species, as well as B. abrupta m., as congeneric with R. hybrk Hub., which latter it much resembles, and 480 [March as geuerically distinct from the species included under the present name by Mr. Walker. NOCTUINA H-S. Genus MICROCCELIA. Guen. Microcoelia vinnula nov. sp. (Plate 9, fig. 2.) Anterior wings olivace:jus grey, terminal space whitish. In the basal space, below the submedian vein, is a black streak extending from the base of the wing to the transverse anterior line, which latter is com- ])<)sed of two dark olivaceous distinct undulate and rather widely sepa- rated bands. Median space large, olivaceous grey, crossed by the me- dian shade which is wavy, distinct, dark olivaceous and, traversing the reniform spot, becomes blackish at the costa. Ordinary spots of the normal shape, the orbicular with a clear whitish center ; the reniform obscured with olivaceous. Transverse posterior line white, arcuated till below the discal space, bordered externally by a narrow black line, which latter becomes more distinct towards internal margin. Subter- minal space dark olivaceous and showing, just above the internal angle, a narrow black streak which extends from the transverse posterior line to external margin. Subterminal line indicated by the difference of coloring between the subterminal and terminal spaces j terminal space whitish, and showing some darker shade spots near the apex. There is a terminal row of black dots; fringes whitish, slightly interrupted with greyish between the extremities of the veins. There is a series of black costal marks extending from the median shade to apex. Pos- terior wings blackish, with a terminal black line ; fringes whitish. Under surface of anterior wings blackish in the center, whitish along all the margins and crossed by two parallel blackish bands. Under surface of posterior wings greyish, with a discal spot and dentated median band. Head, thorax and tegulas olivaceous grey, without mark- ings. Palpi extending a Uttle beyond the head, first and third articles greyish, second article black. Abdomen blackish grey above, lighter below ; legs greyish streaked with black ; tarsi marked with black at base. 9 Exp. ly^^ inches. Hah. New Jersey. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia. I have seen four individuals of this apparently rare species, which presents some resemblances of ornamentation to the genus Acronijcta, and was doubtfully of opinion that M. Gruenee's M. /rag His had been 1SG4.] 437 described from a possibly faded individual referable here. Ilaviiii; however forwarded a specimen to Mr. Walker of the British Museum, that distinguished Entomologist gives it as his opinion that the present species had not been hitherto described, in which opinion I now concur. Although the markings present many coincidences with M. Gruenee's description, yet the peculiar greenish or olivaceous coloring of the an- terior, and darker posterior, wings, together with the absence of the thoracic markings oi' M. fragi/is, form good specific distinctions which will not allow of the two species being confounded. Genus ACRONYCTA, Ochs. Acronycta noctivaga nov. sji. (Plate 9, fig. 3.) Anterior wings dark grey varied with black ; ordinary lines white. Basal space black, greyish on the costa; basal half line white, bordered externally by a black line. Transverse anterior line white, widely lunu- lated, distinct, bordered externally by a black line which commences from a broader black costal mark. Median space large, dark grey ; median shade band blackish, traversing the reniform spot. Ordinary spots of the normal shape, distinct ; reniform attenuated, black, with a hardly perceptibly lighter center; orbicular round, black, with nn ill- defined greyish inner ring. Between the ordinary spots in the lower middle of the wing is a squarish black spot bordered externally by the median shade. Transverse posterior line white, acutely dentated, arcu- ated superiority, preceded near the costa by a whitish mark and bor- dered on either side by a black line. Subterminal line broad, white, irregular, interrupted just before the internal angle. Terminal space black, narrow, reduced by the subterminal line which, at about the middle, nearly attains the external margin. Fringes white interrupted with black between the veins; costa with some black and white marks. Posterior wings uniformly dark brownish, immaculate; fringes lighter. Under surface of both pair light brownish, with faint discal dots and bands. Thorax grey, varied with blackish on each tegula and collar. Head whitish grey, with two longitudinal parallel black marks between the antennae, latter blackish, powdered with whitish at base. Palpi with the second joint black tipped with whitish, legs greyish ; tarsi black, white at extremities ; abdomen blackish grey, crested on first segment. % Exp. Ij^^ inches. Ilab. Penn., New York. Rare. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia. 4B8 [March Acronycta afflicta nov. sp. (Plate 9, fig. 4.) Anterior wings dark grey, shaded with black. The basal and trans- verse anterior lines are black, geminate, undulate. The median space is dark grey, lighter on the costa and along internal margin and tra- versed by the median shade line which is black, dentate, crosses the reniform spot, and is composed of three distinct black bands which are obscured in the center of the wing, and only apparent on the costa and internal margin. The discal space is occupied by a deep blackish shade, showing a somewhat greenish reflection, and which occupies all the su))terminal space. The ordinary spots are of the normal shape ; the orbicular distinct, whitish with black center ; the reniform broad, but slightly excavated externally, obscured by the greenish discal shade, ringed with black, and with a central streak. Transverse pos- terior line intensely black, geminate, minutely dentate. Subterminal and terminal lines white, interrupted, dentate between the veins; fringes whitish, broadly interrupted with black at the extremities of the veins ; costa with some whitish marks. Posterior wings grey, darker along the veins, slightly silky; fringes as on anterior wings. Disc of thorax whitish grey, with two central blackish spots. Tegulre and collar black- ish, latter with a black line and greyish superiorly. Head black ; 2nd joint of palpi blackish sprinkled with whitish inferiorily ; neck, at base of palpi, white ; proboscis blackish. Under surface of anterior wings greyish, darker shaded on the disc, crossed by a blackish subterminal band preceded and followed by a blackish costal mark, and with a small ochraceous tuft at base. Under surface of posterior wings greyish, blackish along the veins and showing a blackish discal lunule and median dentated band. S Exp. Ij^^ inch. Hah. Texas. Coll Eut. Soc. Philadelphia. The orbicular spot and disc of the thorax in this species are promi- nent, owing to the contrast of coloring they present to the blackish wings and tegulae. Besides the two just described species of North American Acront/cta. I have before me specimens belonging to four distinct, and I believe hitherto undescribed, species, but as I cannot as yet with certainty separate them from some unidentified descriptions under this genus by Messrs. Guenee and Walker, I defer their publication for the present. I am indebted to Mr. A. S. Packard. Jr.. for specimens of Acroni/ctse. taken iu Maine and Massachusetts. 1S64.] 439 DICHAGRAMMA. nov. gen. Anterior wings elongate, straight along costal and internal margins, external margin moderately rounded ; apex acute. Head applied closely to the thorax, compressed laterally, tufted between the antennae. Falpi not exceeding the head, densely clothed with hair, third article short. Abdomen somewhat squarish and flattened, not exceeding posterior wings. Antennae long, minutely bi-pectinate in the % , simple in the $ . Legs well clothed with hair, hind tibiae with four short spurs, the inner pair the longest. Posterior wings broad, having vein 5 (H-S) some- what weaker than 4 or B. more remote from 6 than from 4. The two hitherto undescribed species of Noctuina composing the present genus, coincide exactly in their ornamentation and structure, and. though they may ultimately be referable to an already established genus, in the absence of any approximating material I describe them under a new one. The anterior wings very gradually increase in width to the external margin, and are as long as the entire body, including thorax and head. The median lines are narrow, straight (especially the transverse anterior), and divide the wing into three nearly equal sized spaces. The orbicular spot is wanting, the reniform distinct, dif- fering in form in the two species ; the subterminal line is broad, bor- dered on either side by a lighter shade ; the tei'minal line very clearly defined, semi-lunulate, continued. The species appear to me to ap- proach most nearly the genus Mi/fhimna, and especially to our species Mijthimna pseudargyria Gruenee, with which they coincide in the shape of the external margin of the anterior, and approximately share in the pterogostic characters of the posterior, wings. The different palpal structure and abdominal proportionate length and shape, together with the diifering ornamentation and spur struc- ture of the hind tibite, have induced me to erect a new genus for these two species, a proceeding which their perfect coincidence in the above mentioned characters seems to justify. Dichagramma "Walkerii uov. sjj. (Plate 9, fig. 5.) Anterior wings dull ochraceous, mixed with brownish, lighter shaded in terminal and subterminal spaces. Transverse anterior line distinct, darker shaded, straight, composed of two narrow lines with a central light shade. Orbicular spot absent; reniform. light ochraceous, vague. .Aiedian shade line distinct, running straightly from internal margin to 440 [Makch reniform spot, which it borders on the inside and obUquely from the latter to the costal margin, which it joins near the transverse anterior line. Transverse posterior line slightly projected superiorily, wavy. Subterminal line broader than median lines, distinct, bordered on either side by a lighter shade. Terminal line darker than the others, very distinct, regularly undulate and continued without interruption from apex to internal angle. Posterior wings blackish, silky, immacu- late, with a terminal darker line ; fi'inges ochraceous. Under surface of both pair, greyish ochraceous, showing a subterminal band and discal lunule. Antennae testaceous, white at base. Upper and under surface of the thorax, legs and head, same color as anterior wings. Abdomen sparsely clothed with hair, base of the segments blackish, terminal segment with a dark ochraceous sub-tuft. 9 Exp. ly^^ inches. Hah. Canada; Middle States. Rare. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia. I dedicate this species to Francis Walker, Esq., of London, England. Dichagramma vinulenta nov. sp. (Plate 9, fig. 6.) Anterior wings rich dull red, terminal space shaded with pui'plish along the veins. Basal half-line oblique, indistinct. Transverse ante- rior line straight, distinct, darker shaded, preceded by a faint, some- what purplish, line and lighter shade. Median space darker shaded from the trannsverse anterior to median shade line, which latter is ill- defined, slightly wavy, borders the reniform spot externally, and runs straightly from costal to internal margins. Orbicular spot absent ; re- niform, white, distinct, composed of a central lunule with a small detached white spot at each extremity. Transverse posterior line pur- plish, slightly projected superiorily and undulate. Subterminal line broader than the others, dark reddish, bordered on either side by a lighter shade, undulate. Terminal space shaded with purplish along the veins ; terminal line distinct, continued ; fringes same shade as the rest of the wing. Posterior wings blackish, silky ; fringes pale red- dish, long. Under surface of anterior wings reddish along the costal and external margins, blackish on the disk, and showing a faint discal spot and two darker shaded, approximate transverse bands, the outer one indistinct. Under surface of posterior wings pale reddish, whitish along internal margin and showing a darker shaded narrow band and discal spot. Head, thorax and tegulae same color as anterior wings ; 1:^(14.] 441 abdomen paler ; anteunse testaceous, yellowish white at base. % Exp. If^ inch. Hah. Texas. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia. This species is represented by a single individual, in perfect preser- vation, in the Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia, and was collected y)y Mr. Ezra T. Cresson in Western Texas. Philochrysa regnatrix m. This name I believe correctly to refer to Euthlsanotia timais Cra- mer, a species which may be regarded as a native of South America and the West Indies, but which occurs at different localities along our coast. The occurrence of tropical Lepidoptera Heterocera on our coast is not unusual : I took a specimen of Erijcata Cramer, in the summer of 1860, near the Castle Garden, New York city, and the specimen is now in the collection of Mr. Edward L. Graef of Brooklyn, L. I. I the more readily fell into the error of re-describing this species, in that I was disposed to assign it a somewhat different position, in a systematic arrangement, from that accorded to it by Messrs. Guenee and Walker, and which latter position, in due deference to these authorities. I must consider the more correct one. I have no alterations to suggest either to my description or figure, the generic diagnosis, however, as given by Mr Walker, based on more numerous material, is more correct and complete than my own. The locality for this species given by Cramer, '• Coast of Coromandel," if correct, supposes for it a very wide geogra- phical distribution. Description of a New Species of Nortli American PAPILIO. BY .-VUG. R. GROTE. Papilio Calverleyi nov. sp. (Plate 10. 'J,.«) S . i\.nterior wings black; the interspaces, in the terminal half of the wing, are occupied by a series of bright yellow patches which, dis- tinctly separated by the black veins, extend from costa to internal angle, become obtusely pointed towards the discal cell, and are broadest at the black marginal space where they partly absorb a .series of yellow oblong marginal spots situate in the center of the interspaces ; emar- ginations yellowish. Posterior wings black at base ; terminal interspaces bright yellow, * The detached wings on the right of the figure represent the under surface. 442 [March which color encroaches on the inferior part of the discal cell, shaded with fulvous between the reins above the marginal lunules, and dis- tinctly divided by the black veins. There is a marginal row of elon- gate yellow lunules in the black marginal space ; anal angle showing a large orange ill-defined ocellus transversed by a narrow faint blackish arcuated line ; tail moderate, straight, black sprinkled with yellowish in the center ; emarginations yellowish. Under surface of anterior wings resembling upper surface, the yellow patches in the interspaces are of a lighter shade superiorily. becoming suffused with orange towards the internal angle ; at the outer extremity of the discal cell is a faint whitish streak along the vein. Under surface of the posterior wings resembling upper surface, the marginal lunules and terminal interspaces orange. Abdomen black, with a double row of lateral yellow spots, one on each segment; thorax and head black, latter with two small yellowish spots behind the eyes, and two larger lateral yellow spots on the collar ; legs black ; femora slightly streaked with yellowish. Exp. SjL inches. Hub. New York State. Resembles PapiUo asterias Fab., in size, the shape of the wings and the markings of the body ; the present species has but two rows of abdominal spots. It is however unnecessary to insist here upon the numerous differences which separate the present from each of our heretofore described species belonging to the present genus. From the circumstance of there having been but a single individual as yet taken in the locality, together with the prominence of the species which would render it unlikely to have been so long neglected, it might be supposed foreign and its introduction accidental ; if so, it is still pro- bably uudescribed, for, after as rigid an examination as was possible for me to make among the many figures and diagnoses under the pre- sent genus, I was unable satisfactorily to refer it to any heretofore acknowledged species. The male individual from which the above description and accurate accompanying figure was taken, is in the collection of Mr. Stephen Calverley, Brooklyn, L. I., to whom I dedicate the species, and was captured during the month of August, 1- on the tree. Yet that gall is not one-twentieth part so abundant as the one which produces acicitlata. There are found near Rock Island the following species of oak, nauied in the order of their relative abundance, and on none of them, 1864.] 445 except the black oak, have I ever found the kind of gall which pro- duces acirulata: — Quercus tinctoria, (black oak, by far the most abun- dant of any,) alba (white oak), rubra (red oak), macrocarpa (burr oak), imbricaria (laurel oak), and prinus variety discolor (swamp white oak.) Q. coccinea (the scarlet oak) is believed by my friend Dr. Fred. Bren- del, to be a mere variety of Q. tinctoria, (Trees and Shrubfi of Illi- nois, by Dr. Brendel, Trans. 111. State Agr. Soc. Ill, p. 596,) but it does not, so far as I am aware, occur in this vicinity. The identity of Q. tinctoria and Q. coccinea is an important fact, because Osten Sacketi allows that his Oynips quercus coccinese, bred by him from Q. coccinea, is scarcely distinguishable from C. q. spomjificn, bred by him from Q. tinctoria. and only separates them on account of the supposed distinct- ness of the galls from which the two insects were bred, and the sup- posed distinctness of these two so-called species of oak. {Proc Ent. Soc. Philad. I, p. 247—8.)* On May 17th, 1863, I visited the above described group of black oaks, and although their leaves were only about f grown. I noticed, in addition to several of last year's dry and brown oak-apples, a very great number of green and freshly formed ones, many of which had attained their full size. On cutting a few of them open, I found the larva of the Cynips about i grown. Some of these galls had the terminal nipple attributed to the gall o^ spongifica by Osten Sacken, some were smoothly spherical as the gall of aciculata is described by the same author, many had several nipples scattered irregularly over their surface, and 2 or 8 had as many as 12 or 14. The few I cut into had a rind or skin as thick as that of the normal gall of acirulata. I noticed a single speci- men which was irregularly lobed like a common tomato. On May 24th some of these galls contained full-grown larvae, and on M ay 25th I found in several of them 9 pupse. On June 4th I opened several galls gathered May 24 — b, and found in them some larvae and pupae, and one % and two 9 images of G. q. spongifica O. S. Shortly afterwards I collected about 100 galls, as they were beginning to get *0f the four other species of oak known to occur in Illinois — q. obtusiloba (post-oak), q. uigra (black jack or barren oak), q. castanea (yellow chestnut oak) and q. palustris ( pin oak ) — the two first are confined to Central anil Southern Illinois, so far as is hitherto known. 440 [March ripe, aad bred from them in all during the month of June, 6 S S and about 20 9 9 of spongifica. besides a great number of the Gynipidous inquiline or guest gall-fly, Si/nophrus Iseviventris O. S., and of two dis- tinct species of parasitic Chalcididae belonging apparently to Callimome and Decatoma, and a single Bracon very near melUtor Say. Up to June 14 all the galls that produced spongifica flies were thin-shelled and of the type of the gall q. coccinrse.. Such galls were then brown and ripe, whereas the more hard-shelled and thick-shelled ones were then more or less green and succulent. On June 14th, however, I bred a % spongifica from one of the latter description of galls, and many 9 9 afterwards from such galls ; and 1 found that all the interme- diate grades between the two types occurred in the galls that produced s/jongifica, some having a shell no thicker than writing-paper which wrinkled and collapsed and shrivelled up in drying, and some a shell as thick as ordinary cardboard, so as to retain their plump, apple-like appearance under the roughest usage ; some again having a terminal nipple, some many nipples, and some none at all or next to none. The last spongifica (a % ) came out June 18, and after that date no more made their appearance, nor after the last day of June any more inqui- lines or parasites except a single 9 Callimome (?) on July 23d. Of the whole number of galls somewhere about J remained on hand imper- forated by any insect, those that were perforated having been from day to day picked out and thrown away. About the last of June, the thicker shelled galls having now become partially ripe and dry, I gathered 2 or 3 hundred more from the same locality, selecting of course those which had not been perforated by any insect. During the month of June I had endeavored to experiment on the mode in which these galls are generated, by enclosing the boughs of of diiferent species of oak with gauze-bags and placing therein freshly- hatched specimens of S 9 spongifica. Owing to the mischievous pro- pensities of certain unknown persons, the only fact I was enabled to arrive at was, that this insect when fed on white sugar, which it appears to eat freely, lives only 6 or 8 days. On July l(Jth I examined the group of black oaks, from the acces- sible boughs of which I had sometime before stripped all the galls. There were no new galls formed there, neither were there any subse- quently formed there during the summer. Out of about 16 or 18 galls 1S64.] 447 left on a particular tree, three or four which I opened contained each a lively cynipidous larva in the central nucleus, and full one-half of tlie whole number were not perforated. On September 6th I opened two of the oak-apples gathered early in June, and found a black 9 pupa, apparently acicu/ata. in each. On Sept. 17th and ISth I found in the same lot of oak-apples 7 9 acicidata in the imago state, and during the month of October and the early part of November I bred very numerous imagos of the same, say from 50 to 60, all 9 . On October 25th I obtained three specimens from galls with a thinnish shell, and one from a gall with a shell as thin as paper and a distinct nipple at the tip. Of three others bred the same day from thick-shelled galls, one came from a gall with a terminal nipple, and the other two from spherical galls. On October 27. out of 11 or 12 9 aciculuta that came out. several came from galls with a terminal nipple and from galls covered with nipples all over, the rest from sphe- rical galls. Other specimens continued to come out till November 16, and a single one after that date. Not a single parasite had made its appearance since July 23rd. On January 20, 1864, I cut into 30 or 40 of the remaining galls and found in them 9 acicnlata 9 fresh and limber but dead, and 2 specimens dead and dried up, besides some dead and dried up parasites. Besides the locality above referred to, I reared in 1862 a % spongijica and several 9 aciculata from a different locality, the gall of the former gathered in the spring and that of the latter in the autumn and both found on q. tinctoria. From the above facts I draw the following conclusions : — 1st. Ct/nips q. spongijica 0. S. is identical with C. q. coccinese, O. S., as there are confessedly no distinctive specific characters of any impor- tance, and the galls occur on the same species of oak (q. tinctoria) and are connected by all the intermediate grades. The spongy matter of the gall of q. coccineae is said to be '' whiter" than that of q. spongijica^ but I noticed several galls of aciculata. the spongy matter of which was in Janiiary, 1864, almost pure white. 2nd. C. q. spongijica 0. S. occurs % 9 exclusively on q. tinctoria, and emerges not later than June from galls that commenced their growth in the preceding month of May. 3rd. C. q. aciculata 0. S. is a dimorphous form of C. q. spongijica 44S [March O. S., occurs exclusively in the 9 sex and exclusively on q. tinctoria. and emerges from the last of September to the middle of November. and many of them not till the following spring, from galls that com- menced their growth in the preceding May, which are undistinguish- able from those which produce O. q. spomji/ica, the same kinds of gall from the same lot of trees, gathered at the same time, producing spon- g{tica S 9 ID June and aciculatd 9 in October and November, and nothing whatever but a solitary parasite in the intervening period. Suppose, for argument's sake, that aciculata and spongifica are dis- tinct species. Then we are met immediately by the following difficul- ties : — Isf. Is it likely that two distinct species of Ci/nips should pro- duce, on the same species of oak. galls which are undistinguishable ? I know of no such case in the whole Class Insecta. 2nd. Is it likely that when spongifica, as above shown, is so local that it is only found in one station out of fifty near Rock Island, acirulata should select that particular station instead of some other one of the remaining 49 ? Zrd. If aciculata is a distinct species, then we are compelled to believe with Hartig in the existence of agamous species, i. e. of species that propa- gate from year to year ad infinitum without sexual intercourse with a distinct individual. I cannot believe that any species in the whole Animal Kingdom is uniformly agamous, for the simple reason that we should then have almost as many races, and finally species, as individ- uals. Monstrosities and remarkable variations, which with bisexual species are mostly eliminated by intercrossing with normal individuals, would then by the laws of inhei'itance be always intensified and exag- gerated from generation to generation, and what was originally one homogeneous species would split up into an almost infinite number of distinct and sharply defined types.* That it may not be supposed that I approached this subject bia*i- sed in favor of the conclusions above announced, it is proper to state that my original guess was, that there were two broods of this Ct/nipa every year, the first a spring brood S 9 of the type spongifica, the second an autumnal brood, 9 only, of the type aciculata. generated in the ordinary course by the first brood, and in its turn generating by * Mr. Darwin has avowed a similar belief in the case of hermaphrodite spe- cies, but for a different reason, viz., that close interbreeding tends to produce sterility. {Origin of Species, p. 2.35, Amer. edition.) 1864] 449 parthenogenesis the spring brood of spongtjica in the following year. It is scarcely necessary to add, that the facts utterly overthrow this hypothesis. On the subject of Dimorphism, see my Paper on Pseu- doneuroptera. {Proc. Ent. Soc. Fhilad. II, p. 221 — 2.) The differences between these two dimorphous forms are so striking, that at the very first glance every entomologist who saw them for the first time would pronounce them to be distinct species, and there are no intermediate grades of any consequence. I have now before me 6S , 5 9 of spougifica. and 30 9 of aciculata, and the following differences are observable : — 1st. The fovea at the base of the scutel is twice or thrice as deep in spongifica, and the longitudinal carina which bisects it is twice or thrice as lofty. 2nd. In spongifica there are three deep and wide, transversely cor- ruiirated, longitudinal striae or sutures in front of the scutel, one central one extending nearly to the coUare, but becoming narrower as it ap- proaches it, and two divergent lateral ones fading out as they approach the humerus. In aciculata it is only in particular lights that traces of these striae are discoverable, and they do not extend nearly so far for- wards. 3rd. In aciculata on each side of the notum, beginning at the col- lare and terminating suddenly about half-way to the scutel, is an almost invariably conspicuous, obtuse, glabrous carina, each parallel with the other and distant from the other about as far as the two posterior ocelli are. In spongifica it is only in two or three specimens and in certain lights, that faint traces of these two carinae are discoverable. 4th. In aciculata the mesonotum is very finely aeiculate, or covered with fine regularly parallel rugae before the scutel, except in two or three specimens where it is somewhat irregularly but very finely rugose. In spongifica it is very coarsely rugose. There is some little varia- tion in both these two forms, but comparing the most coarsely sculp- tured aciculata with the most finely sculptured spongifica, the rugosi- ties are at least twice as coarse in the latter, i. e. each rugosity is twice as wide. 5th. The sculpture of the rest of the thorax and also of the head is about twice as coarse in spongifica as in aciculata. 6th. The body of aciculata is uniformly black except that the abdo- 450 [March uien is sometimes pieeous below. In two 9 spongifica the thorax is ahuost rust-red, (as observed in a single ^ G.q. coccinese by Osten Sacken. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. I, p. 244,) and the abdomen pieeous red ; in another 9 the thorax is tinged with rust-red and the abdomen is pieeous; and in the fourth 9 the thorax is black and the abdomen is pieeous red. the remaining 9 specimen being uniformly black as are also both % % . In the closely allied or identical species q. inams, however, one of my two % S has a pieeous red abdomen and all my 9 9 9 have a black thorax and a pieeous red abdomen. 7th. Viewed laterally, the upper edge of the second abdominal joint (counting the peduncle as the first joint) describes a circular arc of about 60° in both forms. Taking the chord of this arc as a definite and permanent basis of measurement, in apongijica 9 the lower or ventral edge proceeds straight downwards exactly at right angles with this chord for a distance equal to J or J the length of the chord, before it curves gradually backwards to form the ventral arch. In acicidafa 9 on the contrary, instead of being at right angles (90°) with the chord, it forms with it an angle of about 110°, so as to exhibit a most extraor- dinary bulge in front, and it curves much further downwards from the peduncle and in a more compressed and knife-edged form, so that the abdomen is vertically at least as wide as long and almost always much wider, whereas in spongifica 9 it is always longer than wide and gene- rally much longer. The above variation in each form is caused by the terminal abdominal joints being more or less telescopically drawn out in different specimens, so that in each form the second abdominal joint sometimes occupies dorsally | the entire length of the abdomen exclusive of the peduncle, and sometimes almost f . St. Fargeau has observed the .same thing of the genus Megachile, {Hijmcnopt. II, p. 338,) and I only notice it here because Osten Sacken, having only a few specimens of each form on hand, supposes the relative length of the 2nd abdominal joint with regard to the terminal joints to be a permanent character of each. {Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. I, p. 246.) 8th. In consequence of the above bulge on the anterior abdomen in actculata, (See Appendix. Fig. I,) the distance from the '' ventral valve" (Fig. I, <;,)* to the "dorsal valve" (Fig. I, 7)* is proportion- * These terms are explained in the Appendix. 1864.] 451 ally twice as long as in spongifica, and consequently the sheaths of the ovipositor (Fig. I, ss) are also proportionally twice as long, though their proportional breadth in both forms is nearly the same. 9th. With the exception of a single specimen, my 30 9 aciculata are i broader and longer than my 5 $ sponglftca and my 9 9 inanis. all 14 of which are remarkably uniform in size, save a single 9 i'lanh which is a little smaller than the rest. These nine differences are sufficiently remarkable, and but for the evidence of dimorphism would undoubtedly be viewed by every ento- mologist as of specific value. Three other differences stated by Osten Sacken I do not find to be strictly correct. 1st. In both forms the antennae are of a uniform, opaque, dark red- dish brown, and not '• pitch black" in aciculata and '' brown or reddish brown especially towards the tip'' in spongifica. {Proc. Ent. Soc Fhila. I, pp. 56 and 242.) The two basal joints, however, are blacker and a little inclined in some specimens to be polished. 2nd. In both forms the areolet is, on the average of specimens, equally distinct and not "more distinct" in aciculata. {Ibid. p. 57.) Of course, on account of the larger size of the insect, it is absolutely but not relatively larger in aciculata. 3rd. In both forms the antennjie 9 ^i'^ lo-jointed, the last joint nearly as long as the two preceding ones put together and with 07ie more or less distinct tran.sverse impression slightly behind its middle ; or, to state the same thing in other terms, the antennae 9 are 14-jointed. the two last joints connate and almost confluent. Osten Sacken errone- ously says that in spongifica 9 the antennae are 13-jointed, the last joint " with two indistinct transverse sutures foreshadowing the 14th and 15th joints of the % ;" and that in aciculata 9 the antennje are " 14-jointed, the last joint being separated from the penultimate one by a suture as distinct as that of all the other joints." (^Proc. Ent. Soc Phila. I, p. 246.) In some specimens of aciculata, and it was probably such that Baron Osten Sacken received from me, the connate suture or transverse impression of the loth joint is much more distinct than in others, but even in such specimens it disappears when viewed in cer- tain lights, the other or true sutures remaining visible. In no speci- mens is it a true or free suture, as I ascertained by examining and re- examining dozens of specimens both in life and in death. Neither 45 li [March could I find more than one transverse impression on the 13th antennal joint of any 5 spongifica or 9 inanis, though I carefully examined all my specimens while they were alive for that express purpose, and have verified the fact in the dried specimen. Both here and in the case of C. q. palustris (Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. I. pp. 63 & 251) Baron Osten Sacken seems to have been led into error by supposing that in the typical Cynipide the antennae $ ought to have as many joints as the antennae % . Two problems still remain to be solved, one of which I will myself endeavor to investigate in the coming season, and to the other I earn- estly invite the attention of European entomologists. 1st. What, if any, is the generative function of ociculata ? 2nd. Are Hartig's agamous species dimorphous forms, like acicu/ata, of some known or unknown bisexual species ? In regard to the first question I have shown above that .spongi/ictt % 9 ; which come out in June, only live G or 8 days, and it is therefore utterly improbable that % spongifica should survive till October, so as to copulate with 9 aciculata that appear in that month, and still more improbable that it should survive till the following spring, so as to copulate with the aciculata that pass the winter inside of the gall. What place in Nature, then, does aciculata fill, or does it fill no place at all? I can only guess, on the analogy of Apis, Bombus, &c., that aciculata 9 generates galls which produce by parthenogenesis % sjjongifica exclu- sively, and that 9 9 spongifica coupling in June with these % % ovi- posit in the same month in the young buds of the oak, the eggs lying dormant till the following spring, when some of the eggs produce 9 !tpongificc( in June and some 9 aciculata in the autumn or early in the following spring, which last in their turn, as before mentioned, gene- rate % spongifica to appear in the following June. It may also be the case that some few % spongifica are generated by 9 spongifica. By this arrangement the life of aciculata from egg to imago would be 16 — 22 months, and of spongifica % generally 8 — 2 months, while that of 9 spongifica, and perhaps occasionally of S spo7igifica jVfonld be 12 months. We know that the small 9 of Bombus generates by parthenogenesis an autumnal crop of S Bombus, for the assertion of that most inaccurate writer St. Fargeau, that there is a summer brood of small % Bombus, which copulates with small 9 Bombus, is contrary to the authority of 1S64.] 458 all other writei-.'^ ou the subject and contrary to my experience with re- gard to North American species, % Bombus appearing exclusively in the autumn.* We know also, on the authority of Huber, that the working honey-bee occasionally lays % eggs, although that writer states that these eggs are invariably destroyed by the other working-bees three days after they are sealed up in their cells. (Quoted by St. Farg. Hymnnopt. I, p. 359.) Bevan, however, (quoted by Westw. Intr. II, » See Westw. Intr. II, p. 279, note » and p. 281 : St. Farg. Hymenopt. I. pp. 4+1) and 452, who quotes Dahlbom and Huber as being of the opinion contrary to his own. Some conspicuous proofs of St. Fargeau's inaccurac}- may here be mentioned. 1.5^. He asserts {Hymenopt. I, p. 4(3) that there are no apterous spe- cies in H_ymenoptera. although Gravenhorst had long before established the apterous Ichneumonide genus Fezomachus, to say nothing of the Chalcidide ge- nus Cho7-eius and the Cynipide genus Biorhiza. 2nd. In Vol. II. pp. 212-214, two species of bees are described under the genus Melltta, and in pp. 145-7 of the same volume a new genus, Kirbya, is established to contain these same two species of bees, of which slightly ditierent descriptions are given, and all this without a word of comment or explanation, ord. In Vol. II, p. 261, " lagopus" (hare-footed) is translated ••pied de loup" or wolf- footed, -ith. In Vol. Ill, p. 509, he finds fault with a certain Italian Committee of Naturalists, Avho had issued a most interesting Eeport on the well-demonstrated fact that Seolia. un- like other Fossores, does not make a nest and carry its jjrey thereto, but at- taches its eggs to the larvae of Oryctes, like an Ophion or a Tachina. " One would suppose," says he, •' that the gentlemen of the Committee were not aware that three years before they wrote their Report I had divided Hymenoptera into two Suborders, Ovitithers (egg-placers) and Oviseapters (egg-diggers) which last lay their eggs inside the body wliich serves to nourish them." As if the Ichneumonide Ophion was not, according to his own arrangement, an •' Ovi- scapter" ! or as if that genus had not been proved, not only three years but many years before he wrote, to attach its eggs externally to the body of its victim just like the "Ovitither" Seolia! Even if his division had been natural and cor- rect, such half-Latin and half-Greek terms, as •'ovitithers" and '•oviseapters," might well have grated harshly ujjon the ears of a Committee, composed of descendants of the ancient Romans, bth. The '• Vallonia" in which the above- mentioned Oryctes larva occurred is not, as St. Fargeau erroneously supposes, •• tannee" (tan-bark), but a kind of acorn so called and extensively employed in tanning. (See Maeculloch, Diction, Commerce, •• Vallonia.") Hence St. Far- geau's remark that " he cannot conceive why M. Passerini stojis to combat the opinion that the larva of Seolia may possibly he friigivorous, seeing that tliere were no fruits either whole or chopped up near it," and that such a supposition is •' neither sustained nor sustainable." is based ujion a niisai)preiiension of the meaning of the common word " Vallonia." For Vallonia acorns are certainly fruits, in the botanical sense of the term, though •' tan-bark" is not. [Ibid. p. 506, note 1, and p. 507.) 454 [March p. 279, note*) distinctly states that some working-bees "differing in shape from the rest, are occasionally fertile, depositing eggs but which only produce males." And according to Kirby and Spence {Introd. Letter 19), " Riem of Lauten of the Palatinate Apiarian Society, and Wilhelmi of the Lusatian affirm that the queen lays the eggs which produce the queens and workers and the workers those that produce the drones or males" ; which is valuable as the testimony of pi'actical bee- masters to the ftict of the workers occasionally, at all events, producing male offspring. Again, we know from Huber, that if the coitus of the queen-bee is delayed till the 21st day after her birth, which may be considered as an ineffectual coitus or no coitus at all, she ever there- after gives birth to nothing but % eggs; (St. Farg. Hympnopt. I, p. 824) and it is well known that every queen-bee normally impregnated produces 9 , or which is the same thing, 9 eggs for 10 or 11 months, and finally, when the effect of the impregnation may be supposed to have died out, % eggs. (St. Fargeau Hymen. I, p. 324.) Furthermore, we learn through Huber, on the authority of M. Perrot, that in the wasps there are " small 9 9 «o< higger than the workers which lay only % eggs." (Quoted Kirby and Spence, Litrod. Letter 18, p. 108^p.348.) And Kirby and Spence state generally that " like those of the wa&ps and hive-bees the minor queens [of Bombus] produce only male eggs. which come out in time to fertilize the young females that found the vernal colonies" (i,hid. p. 353); i. e. come out in the autumn, when those "young females" are well known to make their first appearance, and when only, as I know by long observation, the % % either of Po- listcs, Vesjja or Bombus are to be met with. Whether in the case of the wasps and the humble bees we choose to call these individuals that lay only % eggs "minor queens" or "small females" or "workers," is a matter of taste ; for there is in these two groups no external charac- ter but size, or occasionally trifling differences in coloration, to distin- guish them from the large 9 9 that found the colonies in the spring. But in the case of the hive-bee, where there are marked structural characters that separate the worker from the female or queen-bee, it was most satisfactorily demonstrated by Huber, that the individuals that laid the % eggs had all the structural characters of workers ; (quoted St. Farg. Hymen. I, p. 356 — 8;) and here therefore it would be manifestly incorrect to call these individuals " small queens." The 1864.] 455 truth of the matter seerus to be, that authors have been misled by the erroneous term " neuters " ; and when they found a so-called neuter wasp or neuter humble-bee laying S eggs, have thought it necessary to call the insect by some other name, as if knowledge consisted in words and not in things. So far as my own limited experience goes, I believe that there are only three distinct types either in Apis. Bom- bus or Vesjja, viz. \sf. the large copulative $ queen or founder of the nest generating both % % and 9 9 ^ '^nd, the small agamous 9 or ■''*^'- called neuter generating % % only, which in Apis is not only smaller than but structurally distinct from the first type, and 3?-^. the %, or drone. In a nest of Bnmbus virginicus examined October 7, by Mr. Cresson, 30 9 9 were "all of the largest size," i. e. about 12 lines, and 38 workers or small 99" 5 — 8 lines." {Proc. Ent. Soc Phil II, p. I(i5.) And this coincides exactly with what I found to be the case in the only nest of Bombus that I ever examined myself. I believe fur- ther, though the fact still remains to be proved, that the first of these three types is homologous with 9 spongijica^ the second with the aga- mous 9 aciculata, and the third with % spongifica. And if this be correct, the old opinion that the working bee is not a distinct dimor- phous form but nothing but a mere stunted 9 > is manifestly untenable ; for 9 aciculata lives in exactly the same kind of gall as 9 spongifica. and one can be no more stunted than the other. Finally it is recorded that three generations of a moth {Hi/pogymua dispar) have been ob- tained without impregnation, " the last of which consisted entirely of males," (Westw. Intr. II, p. 384,) and it is notorious that in Aphis gene- ration after generation of 9 9 ^^^ produced by parthenogenesis, until the original impregnation may be supposed to have died out, when a gene- ration of "S S comes into the world. All these facts seem to indicate, that when the fecundating % principle is absent, or rather when it has more or less partially died out, whatever is born is of the %, sex. It is possible, of course, that aciculata 9 may perform no generative function whatever, but both here and in the case of Apis and other social in- sects it seems difficult to understand, how any dimorphous type can subsist for an indefinite time without at least occasionally exercising some generative function. Like produces like, either in the next or in some succeeding generation, and if the type aciculata was uniformly .sterile, it would surely in an indefinite number of ages tend to be elimi- 456 [March nated and gradually cease to make its appearance. As an apparent confirmation of the hypothesis that (ic«cit/a^a produces % % eschisively. Baron Osten Sacken has called my attention to the fact, that '' he found three galls in the spring on the same branch, and on cutting them open found S spongifica in two and the third was probably also a S ." (See Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. I, p. 244.) May it not be possible that the working-bee generates S bees more frequently than has been supposed. so as to admit of a queen bee being occasionally fertilized by one of them? On this hypothesis a difficulty which has much exercised Mr. Darwin would be thoroughly cleared up, viz., how instincts acquired by " neuter" insects come to be inherited. ( Origin of Species, chap. 7. ) The small 9 9 of Bomb us are normally fertile ; analogy would lead us to suppose that the 9 of Apis should be at least occasionally fertile. May not the well known fact that in certain insects one or the other sex greatly preponderates in numbers, and the further fact, so familiar to all breeders of insects, that with a given species one brood will be almost exclusively % and another brood almo.st exclusively 9 , be- also ac- counted for on the above theory ? In regard to the second problem, it may be asked why, if Hartig's agamous species are mere dimorphous forms of bisexual species, did he fail to discover the bisexual forms ? I can only say in reply, that T once argued in print, that it was impossible that the army-worm moth (yLeucania unipuncta Haw.) should exist in the Eastern States, for if it did it must have been found there either by Dr. Harris or Dr. Fitch ; and that scarcely had the argument been published, when it was proved by indubitable evidence that it did so exist. Negative evidence is at the best always more or less unreliable. I recollect distinctly that the common English " oak-apples" which are, I believe, formed by Ci/nips quercus terminaUs, attain their full size like the North American oak- apples of spo)igiJica, by the end of May, because 30 years ago it was the custom to cover them with gold-leaf and employ them in the cele- bration of King Charles's day, May 29th. Will not some English en- tomologist collect a hundred or so of them and see if they do not pro- duce a dimorphous 9 form in the autumn ? To those who are desirous either of verifying the dimorphism of spongifica and acicalata, or of investigating the probable dimorphism of European species, it may be suggested that a very cheap, convenient 1864.] 457 and successful way of breeding from " oak-apples," is to pin up several dozen iu a newspaper. Placed in a glass jar. especially if very green, they are far more apt to mould and spoil, and the moisture that is con- tinually exhaling from them settles on the jar, even when dry sand is placed at the bottom, and wets the wings of the imagos as they appear. Moreover, when breeding on a large scale, the expense of providing a sufficient number of jars would be quite considerable. There is still another most interesting question connected with the Natural History of Ci/nips q. spongifica. Baron Osten Sacken bred a form allowed by him to be undistinguishable from it ( (J. q. inanis) in June, from entirely different galls found either on quercus coccinea or on q. rubra, but which species is uncertain ; but he succeeded in obtaining two 9 specimens only. In June, 1863, I obtained 2 S 1* 9 and some parasites from about 50 such galls, and I am certain that these galls occur near Rock Island exclusively on the red-oak (q. rubra), and as stated by Osten Sacken, on young trees and occasionally on mere sap- lings. The gall-fly described by Dr. Fitch as CaUaspidia confiuenta Harris (i\\ Y. Rep. II, §317) and said to occur on the red-oak, is man- ifestly from the description of its gall identical with inanis 0. S ; but neither did Dr. Fitch succeed in obtaining the % sex. The insect however is evidently not a CaUaspidia, for that genus has the % anten- nae 14-jointed, not 15-joiuted like inanis % , and the scutel "clathrate" or covered with raised network, and truncate behind, not rounded be- hind as in inanis. (BruUe Hymenopt. IV, p. 635.) I can bear witness to the fact that both sexes of inanis are undistinguishable, ex- cept in the few unimportant particulars mentioned above, from % 9 sponffijira. Having about 30 of the galls remaining on hand imperfo- rated by any insect till the autumn, I had fully expected to obtain aciculafa or some other dimorphous 9 type from them; but to my great mortification, on cutting them open in January, 1864, I disco- vered that 15 or 16 of them had been attacked by a small parasitic Chalcidide, 8 or 9 of the larvae of which were found clinging together in a round ball inside of the central cell, some of the others contained what was probably a dead larva of inanis, one a dead imago of inanis all mouldy, and the rest irrecognizable matter. Six I reserved un- touched, for the chance of breeding the Chalcididous imago. The failure to breed any dimorphous autumnal form from these galls may very pro- 45H [March bably have been caused by their having been put in a glass jar instead of in paper ; for they were quite green when gathered and moulded considerably in spite of all my care. Thus the question still remains to be settled, whether inanis, as well as sporKjijica, has an autumnal dimorphous form. I strongly suspect that it has. It is possible, however, that it has not, and it is possible that it may have an autumnal dimor- phous form entirely distinct from aciculata. Similarly the % % and 9 9 of Formica aphidicola Walsh, and F. latipes Walsh, are scarcely or not at all distinguishable, while the 9 9 are as different as two species of the same genus can well be. In either of the above two cases it will be necessary to consider G. q. inanis as a distinct species, and I there- fore consider it provisionally as distinct ; though I am inclined to be- lieve that it is merely a distinct race of 0. q. apongifica., which has acquired a permanent habit of attacking the red-oak exclusively instead of the black-oak, just as I have shown that there is a distinct race of Glytus pictus Drury, which has acquired a permanent habit of attack- ing the locust exclusively instead of the hickory. (See my Paper Proc. Bos^t. Soc. Nat. Hisf., Feb. 1864.) I infer that the form inanis does not sometimes attack the red-oak producing inanis galls, and sometimes the black-oak producing spon- (jifica galls, from the following fact : — The red-oak near Rock Island grows exclusively upon high bluffy land, where it is intermixed pro- miscuously with black-oak. But although the gall of G. q. inanis is toler- ably abundant there on the red-oak, I never saw but a single gall of span- gifica (which it will be remembered attacks the black-oak) on the bluffs, nor any anywhere within half a mile of the spot where my inanis galls were all gathered, nor within half a mile of any spot where I ever found the gall inanis. On the other hand on the flat sandy bottom land, where the galls of spongijica occur in profusion, there are no red-oaks, so that the converse of the above question, viz., whether the form spon- gifica sometimes attacks the black-oak producing spongifica galls and sometimes the red-oak producing inanis galls, cannot be tested. The galls of inanis and spongifica, although at first sight essentially distinct, are constructed upon the same fundamental principle, viz., a central nucleus, in which the larva lies, connected with a more or less thin and irregularly spherical shell by radiating filaments. The only differences are, that the gall of inanis ranges from f to 1^ inch, and is«u.] 4r>S'M-. Phi/a. 11, 329.)* An observation of Mr. Ratzeburgh's to the same effect has been quoted by Osten Sacken (Proc. Ent. ,Soc. PJu'/n. 1, 248.) On the other hand an instance is quoted by the same wi'iter where somewhat different galls on different oaks produce apparently the same species of Cipiips (Ibid. p. 51.) There is considerable variation in the shape of the gall of inanis, as in that of spongijica, some speci- mens occurring that are not smooth and spherical but covered with ex- crescences. I noticed two that grew, not out of the leaf, but out of the stem close to the origin of the leaf. So far as the identity of the parasites infesting spongijica and inania might be supposed to prove the identity of the two species themselves, the evidence is indecisive. I have obtained from both in June a beau- tiful green Cailiniome (?), and the chalcidide larva mentioned al)0ve as found in January in the galls of inanis, occurs also in the same month in those of spongijica ; on the other hand 1 have bred from spongifi.ca alone a \?iV^QDorcatonia (?) with spotted wings and a single specimen of a Bracon. and from inanis alone a small Pteromalide, all in June. The inquiline or guest gall-fly Stjnophrusf Iseviventris 0. S., also oc- curs in June exclusively on spongijica. Baron Osteu Sacken, by the yay, remarks that •' respecting the true relation of the Inquilinae to the Psenides * "*■ not a single direct obser- vation seems to be extant, and that the fact of their parasitism is there- fore merely inferred from the circumstance of their having been reared * Sjjecimens '^ 9 o'jligingly sent lue by Mr. Basf^ett are identical with !<})f ciniens bred by myself from q. tinctoria. — March 14, 1864. 460 [March from the same galls." (Proc. Etit. Soc. Phila. I, p. 19.) I have re- peatedly observed that the little cells of the above-named inquiline are placed ia great numbers — sometimes 20 or 30 of them — immediately under the outer skin or rind of the gall of spongifica. whence the imago emerges through orifices like pin-holes ; and on two occasions I have found in the central cell of spongifica galls, that were full of such little cells under the rind, not the spongifica fly itself indeed, but what comes to the same thing, its parasitic destroyer the large green Callimome (?) above referred to. Hence three results follow : — \st. That it is not the Sj/nophrus that makes these galls, for it only occurs in some few of them. 2nd. That the eggs of the St/nophrus must have been deposited after the gall had attained some considerable growth ; for if the eggs that produce the Sj/nophru% had been laid in the bud of the oak along with that of spongifica^ it seems diflicult to understand how they could get invariably to the rind of the gall, or why they should do so. 3rrf. That the Sj/nophrns does not interfere with the health and prosperity of the original proprietor or builder of the gall, and is consequently not what is generally called a parasite but a true inquiline or guest gall- fly.— Some important observations to the same eff"ect have been recently published by Mr. Bassett. (Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. II, p. 329-331.) It is proper to add, in conclusion, that Baron Osten Sacken writes me word that "according to Dr. Rheinhardt spongifica ., inanis, &c., be- long to a new genus" distinct of course from Cynips. Both Latreille and Westwood state that Cj/nips {=Diplolcpis Latr.) has % antennae 15-jointed and 9 antennae 14-jointed (Latr. Gen. Cr. et Ins. IV, p. 18 and West. Jntr. II, Synops. p. 5'a.) Yet on examining a 9 specimen of C. gallx tinctorise. a species obtained from the " nut-galls" of commerce and which Westwood expressly refers to Cijnips^ I find that the 9 anteunse are distinctly 13-jointed, (not 14-jointed,) the last joint full as long as the two preceding ones put together and divided into two by a rather obvious connate suture, which however disappears in cer- tain lights when the adjoining ones do not, and is entirely invisible on holding the antennae up to the light, while the others are very plain. Our % spongifica and % inanis have both of them 15-joiuted antennae, but the 9 9 , as above shown, including aciculata, have all the 13th aud 14th joints of their antennae connate and almost confluent, and their anteunse are therefore, in the usual sense of the term, 13-jointed, lf^64.] 461 like those of Cijallse. tinctorise. Again, Westwood says that in L\i/nip» the three sides of the areolet are of equal thickness. (Ibul.) Yet in the above specimen of G. gallse tinctorise, as well as in all N. A. Cyni- pidae known to me. I find the terminal vein thicker than the others, and Dr. Fitch observes the same thing of all N. A. Cynipidjie known to him. (X. Y. Rep. II, §309, p. 28.) In all other respects but these, spoiKjIjica, iiianis, &c., agree well with the characters of C/ynips, and unless they are referred to that genus, there seems to be no other de- scribed genus to which they can with propriety be referred. Hartig, it appears, does not consider the number of the anteunal joints as of generic value, for the species of Aulax Hartig, and of some others of his genera, vai-y in this character. {Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. II, p. 34, &c.) It is remarkable that all our N. A. Cynipidse, as has been observed by Dr. Fitch, have the abdomen highly polished and nearly glabrous, while 0. gallae, tinctorise, (Asia) has the abdomen opaque and strongly and coarsely pubescent. And it is still more remarkable that the % of C. imbiUpennis Harris, actually has aixteen-jointed antennae. ( *SVy the Appendix.) Few things are more striking in the history of the diiferent families of gall-producing insects, than the manner in which certain genera are almost exclusively confined to certain genera of plants. Authors long ago noticed the innumerable species of Ct/iiips and its allies that infest the different species of oak. We learn from Osten Sacken that the Cynipide genus Diastrophus affects the bramble both in America and Europe, and that the Cynipide genus Rhudites (10 species) is found on the rose and only on the rose both in America and Europe. Three species of gall-producing Psylladas (Homoptera) have been noticed by him, as he has kindly informed me. to inhabit the hackberry, (Celtis occiden- talis,) all forming very different galls. One only of these. Paella (?) cenusta 0. S. MS., was bred by him to the imago ; a second one I have myself bred in great numbers, and I can testify to its specific distinct- ness from venusta, as I have been favored with specimens of the latter; the third species is still unknown in the imago.* Again, there are three * My insect as well as venusta evidently belongs to a genus distinct from Psj/lla. The aiiteiiuse are 8-jointed (not 10-jointed) with the 8th joint long and clavate. and the ."rd joint the longest: and there are no spurs to the hind legs, whereas Psylla has two strong spurs there. No Psylladse known to me form iCyl [March species of Fl^i/lloxcra ( Aphidae) which form very distinct galls on the black or shag-barked hickory, PTi. ca7-yse,folise Fitch. Ph. carymglohidi Walsh, and Fk. {pemphigus) carijsecauUs Fitch, which last was only known to Dr. Fitch in the gall and was referred by him to Pemphigus, but both Baron Osten Sacken and myself have obtained from it the perfect insect which is scarcely distinguishable from cari/ieglohidi. Fi- nally, there are certainly 3 and probably 6 species of Byrsocryptu (Aphidae) forming distinct galls on the cottonwood (Populus angulata) and other poplars, viz., B. (^pemphigus) populicaulis Fitch, B.jyseudo- hyrsa Walsh, and B. vagahunda Walsh, which last, since the descrip- tion was published, I have ascertained to inhabit smooth, hollow, green galls at the tips of the young shoots of the cottonwood, shaped much like the garden flower known as " cockscomb," and about 1 — IJ inch in diameter. I have recently seen similar galls similarly situated on the Balm of (lilead (P. balsamifera.) The same propensity to inhabit certain genera of plants has been observed in many other genera of Insects that do not produce galls. For instance, Dryocampa affects the oaks, Vanessa and allied genera the nettles, Hip>parchia the grasses, and Argynnis the violets. These facts have a clear significance on the theory of the Derivative Origin of Species ; on the (Creative Theory they are inexplicable. true galls, but Fs. buxi and also Livia juncorum produce deformities upon leaves: and there is no Psyllade genus, so far as I am aware, to which these insects can be referred. For the benefit of those who, more fortunate than my- self, liave access to good Entomological Libraries, it may be added here that Baron Osten Sacken writes me word, that there is a Paper on the generic ar- rangement of Psylladpe by Foerster, in RkeinlcEiidsche Yerhandlungen, and an- other by Flor, in Bulletin des Natur. de Moscou. 18G1, Art. 2. ls(U.] 463 APPENDIX. The very curious subject of the Gruest gall-flies or Inquilines has al- ready been referred to. For our knowledge on this subject, and for an explanation of the distinction between the True Gall-flies (rsoiidrs) that make the galls and the Gruest gall-flies (Inqulliiise) that inhabit the galls made by the others, without however necessarily starving or de- stroying them, we backwoods entomologists are indebted to Baron Osten Sacken. (Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. I, pp. 48-9.) That writer has clearly shown that Dr. Fitch was not aware of the existence of Guest gall-flies, because, having bred a Guest gall-fly (pneratu?. Harris) from a gall made by a true Gall-fly {q. glohidm Fitch) he supposed that the two insects must have come from two different kinds of gall. (Ibid. pp. 67-8.) Having myself bred this Guest gall-fly from the gall of q. glo- bulus, I can confirm the fact of its not being produced from a distinct kind of gall. I have also reared a very great number of gall-flies from the Oak-fig gall {q. Jicus Fitch) which correspond accurately with Dr. Fitch's de- scription of his Gynips q. ficus, and which are not true gall-flies but inquilines, and identical with the species that I know, as before stated. to be an inquiline in the oak-apple of spongijica — Synophrus Iseviven- fris 0. S. It is therefore not improbable that Dr. Fitch's Cynips q. firus is an inquiline and a mere synonym of the above-named species, with which, as will be shown below, it agrees in the number of its an- tennal joints, 15 S , 13 9 . Mr. Bassett also bred nothing but " para- sites" from this gall, by which term he, as well as Baron Osten Sacken, denotes not only the true parasites (Jchneumonidse. Chahididse, &c.) but also the Guest gall-flies. Further than this, I have bred another in- quiline (Synophrus albipes n. sp.) from a gall (q. Jlocci) apparently identical with q. lana Fitch ; and as Dr Fitch's description of his Cynip)S (p lana ( $ with 15-jointed antennae and $ only known to him) agrees very well with that of % Synophrus Isevivenfris 0. S., which has 15-jointed antennae and which may readily be mistaken for 9 on account of the large size of the % abdomen in this genus, 1 incline to believe that in this case also he has described by mistake the Guest gall-fly for the True Gall-fly, and that the latter in both of these two cases still re- mains to be described. In the case of the gall q. Jlocci {=q. lana') 464 [March I can supply the deficiency, having bred an undoubted True Gall-fly from it, which will be found described below as Cj/nips q. Jlocri n. sp.. <][uite distinct from Dr. Fitch's species. In the case of the gall q. ficun. the deficiency can be supplied with probability but not with certainty, as the (]ynips {G. forticornis n. sp.) which I have obtained from that gall in addition to the Guest gall-fly is subapterous, and consequencly the chief character which distinguishes the Fsenides from the Inqui- linse is absent.* Thirdly, from the gall q. pisum Fitch, Baron Osten Sacken has bred another subapterous species, specifically distinct from the one obtained by me from the gall q. Jicus, but like that species ap- parently a true gall-fly; and it is very probable, therefore, that Ci/nipa q. pisuni Fitch is a Guest gall-fly, and 0. pezomarhoides 0. S. the true maker of the gall q. piKum. Indeed Dr. Fitch's description of his C. q. pisum agrees very well with the guest gall-fly Sjyiiophrus laeviventn'." 0. S., (which I have found to inhabit several distinct kinds of galls. ) even down to the antennal joints % 15, $ lo. Judging from Dr. Fitch's observation that '' the second veinlet of the fore wings is curved like a bow " in all the species which he refers to the genus Callaxpidla^ but not in " the species of the genus Ci/nips." and that this •' appears to be a generic character of much value" (A''. Y. Rrp. II, §318). and knowing that all the three species which he refers to CaMnspidiJt are true Cynips, it would seem to follow that he habitu- ally refers Ct/nips to Oallaspidia and the Inquilinse or Guest gall-flies to Gynips. If this reasoning be correct, all the eight species catalogued and described by him under the genus Gynips are probably Guest gall- flies. The only fact at variance with this hypothesis is, that he refers .i cnsiger n. sp.?, in the % joint 2 is dorsally nearly as long as 3, while in the 9 joint 2 is dorsally scarce ^ as long as 3 ; showing a great sexual variation in what is assumed to be a family character. Observe that Afdax, as well as Ambli/notus^ are inquilinous in their habits, at least in certain species. if not in all. 3rd. In the genus Diasfrojyhics, according to Osten Sacken, the 2nd and 3rd abdominal joints are subequal. and Di((xtrophus must there- fore, according to Dr. Rheinhardt's definition, belong to Figitidse. {Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. II, pp. 38-9.) Observe that this genus is a gall-making one. 4th. Fhjiten and Allotrla have been long known to be true internal ■*■ Counting the peduncle as the first segment. 1S64.] 467 parasites in their habits.* Consequently to the same natural family F!(/!tU1se there will appertain, according to the above classification, a gall-producing fly (Diasfrophus). Gruest gall-flies {AuJax % and Am- bli/notns S 9 ) and internal parasites, {Figite)^ and Allofria.) This is possible, but exceedingly improbable. 5th. In Fir/itldse (as defined above) the suture connecting the 2n(l and 3rd abdominal joints is a connate one and only indicated by a very taint stria, perceptible in some specimens of a given species and scarcely perceptible in others. T assert this after a careful examination of nu- merous specimens of several distinct species. Practically, therefore, such a classification as that above quoted is unreliable. 6th. By the above arrangement such genera as Ambh/notus. which have a general family likeness to Ci/n!pidse. and agree in their habits with the Inquilinous group of that family, are separated therefrom and classed with Fijites, a parasitic genus to which they have scarcely any family likeness. Let us compare Cynips and Figifcs, and see if other distinctive cha- racters cannot be pointed out, which shall be somewhat more definite Hg.V. ^y^^^-Uy-" 5 4 and more easily recognizable. Figure I represents the abdomen of Cynips qurrcHs aciculata $ O. S. with the organs of oviposition ex- serted. Fig. II the tip of the same with the organs as in repose. Fig. Ill the abdomen of Figites (diplolepis) b-lineatus § Say, and Fig. IV the venter of fhe same, which, except its extreme tip. is completely enclosed and hidden by the dorsal joints as an oyster is enclosed and ■*-"Some Figites," says Latreille, "are delighted with human excrement." ( Gen. Cr. et Ins. IV, p. 19.) Doubtless they oviposit in the soft dung-feeding larvae that abound there. I found a beautiful undescribed Braeonide swarming ill South Illinois, in a similar situation. 468 [March hidden by its two shells, the lower edges of the dorsal joints closing together so tightly as to appear united. In all four figures o is the ovipositor, .s.s the two sheaths of the ovipositor, v what is apparently the terminal ventral joint, and 5 — 1 the others. In Fig. I, a is an appendage to v which only exists in certain species, e. g. 7. >ipoH(/i- fica 0. S.. q. inanis 0. S., and gidJse fincfon'se (Asia.) As the ovipo- sitor in certain specimens of several species often reposes in the piece w, projecting more or less from its tip, it is liable to be confounded with this appendage, but may always be distinguished by its not being hairy and by its non-presence there in other individuals of the same species. From the above comparison and from a careful examination of many dozen species in my Cabinet, besides those catalogued below as infest- ing the oaks of Illinois, and also from repeated dissections. I propose to separate the two families as follows : — Cynipidae. Venter visible nearly throughout its entire length % 9 , more conspicuously so in 9 » or if retracted within the abdomen leaving a gaping suture below. The joint which is apparently the last ventral, and which for convenience I call in J the "ventral valve"* (Fig. l,v) very long, and forming in 9 a sheath-like receptacle, convex below, concave above, which is occupied by the ovipositor, (Fig. I, 0.) Sheaths (Fig. 1, ss) of the ovipositor, erected in repose, either vertically, or obliquely backwards and upwards, and strongly * The presence of this "ventral valve" in 9 i^ '^ very useful character to dis- tinguish the sexes in CynipidcB. when, as often happens, the joints of the an- tennae are difficult to count, and the 3rd joint % antennae is scarcely curved or excised below. Generally the " ventral valve" is small, weak, thin and incon- spicuous: in the genus Synerges it is better developed; but in the genus Rho- dites 9 ■ i" TribaUa n. g. batatorum 9 n. sp., and in Synerges rhoditiformi-H 9 n. sp., it is abnormally enlarged and thickened, and forms a very conspicuous, thorn-like feature in the profile view of the abdomen. (See Harris Inj. Ins. Plate viii, figs. 6 & 7, Rhodites dichlocerus.) Baron Osten Sacken mentions this as a characteristic of the genus Rhodites, but lias inadvertently omitted to say that it is jjpculiar to tlie 9 sex as he kindly informs me. {Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. II, p. 44, and conipan' pp. 46 A 48.) In Rhodites 9 (which belongs to Cynipida>) there is ordinarily an angle of 45° — 80° between the tip of the dorsum of the abdomen and the "ventral valve": but occasionally these twT> parts close to- gether, the acutely pointed •• ventral valve" projecting beyond tlie tip of the abdomen. In Figitidse these same parts are incapable of divaricating at an angle of more tlian 5° or 6°, and usually are closely appressed to each other as in Fig. Ill, and one does not project beyond tlie other because the two united form a boring apparatus: whereas in Rhodites it is the "ventral valve" alone tliat forms the boring apparatus. 1^04.] 40f» ilivaricate with the "vontral valve." Dorsal joints of the abdomen free, eJccept in certain genera the suture between the 2nd and 3rd dorsal and probably in Ibalia the suture between the 0th and 7th dorsal, which are connate. Tip of the 9 abdomen bluntly and widely rounded or truncate. Tip of the % ab- d^trU I bred one year nothing but great numbers of Chalcididse, and it was not till the next year that, under a slightly different mode of treatment, I suc- ceeded iu obtaining the real maker of the gall in abundance. Some authors would have jumped to the conclusion at once, that the Chalci- didaj made the galls. I observe in C. q. aclcalatd 9 ^ (^- 'I- spotKjlfica $ , C. q. Inani-i 9 • (J. nubUtjjeanis 9 ; '-^^^^ with two apparent exceptions in all the other species known to" me, nearly twenty in number, which belong to A. I.. and also in the sub-apterous C. /ortieornis n. sp., a peculiar arrange- ment tor poisoning the tip of the ovipositor, which does not appear to have been noticed by authors.* Hitherto it has only been inferred ana- logically that Cynips $ has an apparatus for poisoning its ovipositor, when it lays an egg in the bark or the bud. The following facts go to explain the physical means by which this very curious pi-ocess is ac- complished. Take a recent or a relaxed specimen of some gall-making 9 Oyni- pide, e. g. 0. q. ack-ulata $ . and it will be noticed that almost invari- ably in repose, instead of the sheaths of the ovipositor being exserted. as they are in the Inquilines, nothing is seen resembling a sheath but a small, hairy, tuberculiform projection, which I shall call the "dorsal valve." at the top of the 7th abdominal joint. (See Fig. II, 7.)f Now take a pin and push this '' dorsal valve" backwards, and the sheaths will start out and assume the position shown in Fig. I. ss. disengaging from between them the tip of the ovipositor (Fig. I. o), which is curi- ously curved so as to lie conveniently between them when they are in their usual position (Fig. II. o.) A further examination and a dissec- tion of the parts will show that this " dorsal valve" (Fig. II. 7) com- poses the upper part of a narrow vertical groove, visible only from be- hind, sufficiently deep to receive the whole breadth of both sheaths, and formed by the sides of the 8th dorsal joint, which is united by a free suture with the 7th, but with the exception of the "dorsal valve" can only be seen when viewed from behind. (Fig. V, 8.) This groove I shall call the " caudal groove." Concealed in the abdomen, with its edge occasionally slightly projecting towards the ''ventral valve" (Fig. I. c) there lies a singular, horny, circular, vertically compressed, black, pol- ished piece (Fig. VI.,) from which the sheaths {ss) behind and the ovipositor (o) in front take their origin, and which is strongly connected by a muscular attachment (m) to the upper part of the dorsal joints 6 and 7. This piece is figured by Westwood {Introd. TI, p. 121, fig. 19 h). and is evidently from the organs attached to it the homologue of the ter- * I observe the same thing in six other species belonging to A. I. recently received from Baron Osten Sacken and Mr. Bassett. — March 14, 1864. f There ought to be a suture between the 7th dorsal and the "dorsal valve," liut throTigh a blunder of my own it is not shown either in Fig. 1 or Fig. II thougli it appear." in Fig. VI. 474 [March miual ventral pieee in Tenthredinidae and Uroceridse. (Ibid. p. 94, figs. I'ih and 15 6 and p. 115, fig. 13 b.) In all species known to me belonging to A. T. the sheaths are capable of being concealed for their whole breadth in this ''caudal groove"; and it is only in one undescribed N. A. spe- cies belonging to \. I. (a unique specimen)* and also in Cgnllse tlnrtoriae. (Asia, another unique specimen) that I have found the sheaths projecting a little beyond the tip of the ''dorsal valve." In all the rest which are known to me they do not, when reposing in the "caudal groove," project at all from the " dorsal valve." Each sheath is elongate-spoon-shaped, the convex side outwards, so that when they are compressed together in the '' caudal groove," they form a hollow cyl- inder, rounded and closed at tip. In aciculata (12 — 15 specimens) they are curiously channelled on the inside, as if an impression in wax had been taken of the curved ovipositor with its fine hair-like tip (Fig. I. o) ; and there is a strong appearance, in many freshly relaxed specimens, of a membranous tubercle lying at the interior tip of the sheath in the curve corresponding to the hair-like tip of the ovipositor. In fact in the recently relaxed sheath its whole interior surface seems occupied by membrane, so as to present a plane surface with a groove sculptured in it of the exact shape of the ovipositor, while the very same sheath when dried will be concave inside with the groove indicated only by a shining stripe on an opaque surface. This tubercle may be, and perhaps is, the poison-secreting gland. On three or four oc- casions, on disengaging the ovipositor of aciculata from its sheaths, in the manner described above, I have found its recurved tip covered with a mass of whitish gummy matter soluble in water, and in two specimens, which happened to die with the ovipositor disengaged, I notice the very same thing.* Hence, and from the peculiar structure of the parts, so diff'erent from what we find in any other Spiculifera, I infer that the use of the •' caudal groove" is to compress the sheaths of the ovipositor, so as to enable them to form a suitable gum-tight recep- table for the gummy matter, and that this gummy matter is the gall- producing poison, and probably secreted from the tip of the sheath itself » This species turns out to be C. q. operator 0. S.. as I have ascertained from specimens of that species sent me by Mr. Bas.sett. — March 14, 1864. 1864.] 475 On the other haiul, in all the species belonging to A. II. which are known to me, the sheaths of the ovipositor project considerably beyond the •• dorsal valve" and (iften very considerably. Sijnerrjes rhodlHfor- inix n. sp. forms an apparent exception, but on relaxing a specimen it is found that that species has the " dorsal valve" unusually small, and that what seems the "dorsal valve" is in reality the projecting tip of the sheaths. Not only is it the case that in all species belonging to A. II. the sheaths project beyond the '• dorsal valve," but it is also very generally found here that the tip of the ovipositor in many indi- viduals of each species projects from between the tips of the sheaths. For instance, out of 28 9 rltodififormis 19 individuals have the tip of the ovipositor thus projecting. On the contrary, out of nearly two hun- dred 9 specimens of various species belonging to A. I. now before me, the only two I can find with the ovipositor thus projecting are the very two which, as before stated, have the sheaths themselves projecting from the "dorsal valve," viz. C. yallse tinctorise and the unique speci- men before referred to.* The reason is obvious. If the spoon-shaped tips of the sheaths are compressed in the " caudal groove," as in the group A. I. with the exception of the above mentioned two species, they allow no exit to the ovipositor, and at the same time prevent the gummy matter, which I suppose to be the gall-producing poison, from oozing out. If on the other hand, as in all the species known to me belong- ing to A. II., the spoon-shaped tips of the sheaths project beyond the " dorsal valve," the result will be that the ovipositor, as we find to be •■■' Out of 34 9 specimens sent me by Mr. Bassett of C. q. operator 0. !^.. the anomalous Psenide above referred to, 20 have the ovipositor detached from the sheaths and rei^osing in the "ventral valve'", and 1-t have it projecting from the tip of the sheaths.— March 21, 1864. (J^S^The following note refers to p. 474 line 2S, and was accidently omitted.) *The hair-like recurved tip of the ovipositor, which makes its appearance in all the specimens, over 20 in number, wliicli I have examined, is shown by a good lens to be composed of the two normal bristles thrust forwards from the tip of a more robust and apparently channelled seta, in which they travel backwards and forwards. Priibably, after the tips of tlie two bristles have ab- sorbed the gall-producing poison, they are retracted into the robust seta, before the whole apparatus is thrust into the leaf, bud or bark, whence the future gall will arise. Thus the poison will be sure of being conveyed, undiminished in volume, to the appropriate spot. 476 [March actually the case, has a free exit from the tips of the sheaths, and that even if Nature secreted any poisonous fluid into the sheaths it would be apt to leak out from their tips, especially if the sheaths, as in most Inquilines, projected considerably from the " dorsal valve." It would seem as if the Guest gall-flies were compelled to sponge upon the true Grall-flies for food and lodging for their young larvae, because Nature has denied them the peculiar poison adapted to cause the growth of the various kinds of galls, or at all events has denied them a suitabla apparatus for making use of that poison. Similarly, the cuckoo-bees, (^Nomada, Epeolus, Coelioxys, &c.) lay their eggs in nests constructed and provisioned with pollen by pollen-collecting species, because Nature has denied to them the appropriate pollinigerous organs. But just as certain Fossorial Wasps are strictly fossorial in their habits, though their legs approximate in their armature to the Vespade type,* so the two exceptional Cynipidae mentioned above, or one of them at all events as we know, are strictly Psenidous in their habits, though the structure of the organs of oviposition in both approximates to a certain extent to the Inquilinous type. The whole subject is a curious one, and well deserves further and fuller investigation. It is observable that in the Guest gall-fly Aulax syhestris 0. S., con- trary to the general rule in the group A. IT., the radial area is open, i. e. is not closed by a marginal vein. (Proc. Eat. Soc. Phila. II, p. 37. )f In all my Cynipidas belonging to A. 11. (Guest gall-flies) the radial area is distinctly closed, and, as I consider it, by a true vein which is a prolongation of the costal vein, and not a mere '' thickening of the margin of the wing," as hinted by Osten Sacken. (Ibid. p. 36.) I draw this inference and the further inference that the closing of the radial area, though useful as a subsidiary character, is not a character of any high systematic value, at all events in true FitjitidfS, from the following facts : — I have six species of Fii/itcs. diff"ering in size and in the sculpture and armature of the scutel and the sculpture of the head » E. g. Miscophus, which is said by "Westwood {Intr. II, p. 187) to be '-desti- tute of spines on the fore-legs," but on p. 189 is said to be "very sparingly armed with short simple spines," as it is figured p. 188 fig. 6, t 1. f I observe in specimens of this species obligingly sent me by Baron Osten Sacken. that in certain lights the radial area seems to be closed by a brownish vein which is not seen on the other part of the costal edge. — March 21, 18(3-1. 1^04.] 477 and thorax. In one {F. impatiens Say, 8^,69) Jind another much smaller species (1 '^n. sp.?), the radial area is completely closed by a stout brownish vein, evidently a prolongation of the costal. In another (191- sp- ?) the radial area is closed, the closing vein brownish and tapering to nothing at tip. In a fourth (1 S , n. sp.?) and a fifth (1 9 n sp. ?) the brownish closing vein tapers to nothing half-way to the tip of the radial area; and in a sixth, Figites ( Diplolcpis) b-liaeatus Say, (1 S , o 9 ) the radial area is entirely open, the costal vein tapering to nothing before it attains the costal margin. Again, in Diplolepis arma- fus Say, (3 S , ".^ 9 0 ^ true Figitide which I take to be an JEgilips, the radial area is open, and in another congeneric species (1 S , n. sp. ?) it is distinctly closed.* The results thus far obtained may be conveniently tabulated as fol- lows : — Cynipidae, subfamily Psenides, (True Gall-flies.) Wings with the second trans- verse vein so bent or incurved towards their base, that the areolet is opposite the base of the radial area. Radial area scarcely ever closed by a prolon- gation of the costal vein.f Sheaths of the ovipositor scarcely ever project- ing beyond the tip of the '• dorsal valve." J Ovipositor scarcely ever projecting from between the tips of the sheaths. * If I am right in referring these two last insects to ^gilips Haliday, that genus must appertain to true Flgltidce Walsh, and in that case ^gilips (?) obtu- siloboe 0. S. {Proc. Eat. Soc. Phila. I, p. 6S), which is a guest gall-fly, must be incorrectly referred to ^jilips. Very likely, however, I may be wrong, and the genus ^jilips may belong to the true Inquilinous Cynipidse. f Osten Sacken states that it is closed in Rhodites ignota O. S. {Proc. Etit. Soc. Philad. It, p. 49,) and I observe that it is so in Rh. rosae Linn. It will be no- ticed that almost all the distinctive characters laid down above admit of cer- tain rare exceptions, and yet, taken as a whole, they are perhaps more natu- rally distinctive than a single dichotomous character which of course could admit of no exception. Fossores are sufficiently distinct from Diplopteryga, and yet there is not one single character that distinguishes them but what ad- mits of occasional exceptions. f In certain species individuals occur with the sheaths withdrawn from the caudal groove, (as in Fig. I, ss), but it is easy to see that if the sheaths were re- placed there they would not project beyond the ''dorsal valve." I notice the above peculiarity only in 11 out of 13 9 9 of C. q. forticornis n. sp., which were all dug out of the gall dead and therefore perhaps not in their normal condi- tion, and in 1 out of 5 9 9^- q- flocci n. sp. All ray other 9 Psenides, nearly 200 in number, have the sheaths entirely hidden in the caudal groove except- ing of course the two species mentioned above, in which the tip.s of the sheaths project from the tip of the "dorsal valve." 478 [March Cynipidae, subfamily Inquilinae, (Guest gall-fiies.) Wings with the second transverse vein so straight, that the areolet is nearly opposite the middle of the radial area. Radial area almost always more or less closed by a prolonga- tion of the costal vein. Sheaths of the ovipositor always projecting more or less beyond the "dorsal valve," generally projecting greatly. Ovipositor in almost all the species often projecting from between the tips of the sheaths. It miglit be thought that in assuming a Cynipide to be a Gruest gall- fly, merely because it is bred from a gall known to be produced by a true Grall-fly, we are jumping too fast to a conclusion. May it not, it will be said, be a true Parasite, like the various Chalcididae and Ichneu- monidae bred so often from galls, or like Fi % 15-jointed. 9 12-jointed. the last joint full twice as long as the penultimate. The other characters the same as Synophi-UH. except that what appears at first sight to be the second abdominal joint is divided by a very faint connate suture into two joints. M'liich are dorsally subequal % , but 480 [March the first of which in J is dorsally scarce half as long as the second. This su- ture, however, in some specimens is scarcely distinguishable and in none can be seen without difficulty. Synerges. Antennae % 15-jointed. J U-Jointed. or 1.3-jointed with the last joint long. Thorax transversely rugose under the lens before the scutel ; scutel ru- gose. Pleura of thorax scarcely glabrous or polished. Abdominal peduncle apparently constricted strongly in the middle, but in reality composed of two parts, the first a short cylinder, the second much larger and in the form of a truncate cone, the small end of the cone towards the second abdominal joint. Second abdominal joint occupying nearly or quite the whole abdomen, exclu- sive of the peduncle. Hitherto Synergea has occurred exclusively in hard, woody galls. aud the other two genera in the more soft and fleshy onej. The inqui- linous genus Aulax. which is peculiar in having the 2nd and ord joints % abdomen subecjual, while in 9 the 2nd joint covers the suc- ceeding ones, 1 have not yet met with.* * According to the arrangement proposed above, the genera Cynips Lin- naeus (^=Diplolepis Geoffroi and Latreille, = Ca/laspidia Fitch non Dahlbomj. Biorhiza Westwood, Philonix Fitch. Diastrophus Ilartig, Rhodites Hartig, Ibalia Latreille and Tribalia Walsh, will all of them belong to Cynipidae Pseni- des ; Si/nophrus Hart, and 0. S.. Si/nerges Hart. 0. S.. Amblj/notus Hart. 0. 8.. Sarothrus Rheinh. 0. S. and Aulax Hart. 0. S. to Cynipidae Inquilinae; and J^i- gites Latr., Onychia (?) Haliday, Callaspidia (?) Dahlbom non Fitch. Allotria{?} Westw., Kleidotoma {? ) Westw., Eacoila (?) Westw. and JSgiUps (?) Haliday to Figitidae. Onychia is said to have the scutel ''canaliculate," which seems to be peculiar to true Figitidae, and Cillaspidia. according to Dahlbom, is closely allied to Onychia. (See BruUe Hymznopt. IV. p. 635.) Allotria is parasitic in Aphis. If I have rightly identified Kleidotomi and Eacoila, both are true Figi- tidae, and both have the wings fringed like a Mymir (Proctotrupidae), and the former has them emarginate at tip with the radial area in my species distinctly open, aud the latter simple at tip with the radial area in ray spacies margin- ally closed by a coarse brown vein. A species of Eucoila was supposed by West- wood to infest the turnip, but several species are asserted by Walker to be pa- rasitical, (Westw. Introd. II, p. 132,) and in that case Westwood's species was probably parasitical upon some other insect that infested the turnip. For " it seems hardly probable," as Baron Osteu Sacken well observes, "that species of the same genus should sometimes be true gall-producers and sometimes para- sites." {Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. I, p. 49.) Respecting the genus ^gilips see the note on page 477. I notice that in Aulax sylvestris 0. S. and probably in other Aulax, the %, ab- domen is projiortionally as much smaller than the 9 abdomen as it is in the genus Cynips. This is not the case in the above-mentioned three iuquilinous genera. — March 21, 1864. 1S64.] 481 List of Illinois Oak-inhabiting Cynipid^e and their Galls. ■j--}" Galls upon Lea oca. 1. Black Oak (q.tinctoria.) Gall q. spongifica 0. S. or "Oak-ap- ple" (verual). See above, pp. 458 — 9. Gall-ply, Cynips q. spongifica 0. S , and its dimorphous 9 autum- nal form 0. q. acindata 0. S. = C. confluens Harris, 18(i2 = C. con- fluentm Harris, 1841. See above, pp. 443—452. Guest gall-fly, Sj/nophnts Isevioentris 0. S. See p. 460 and below. 2. Red oak (q. rubra.) Gall q. inanis O. S. (vernal). See above, pp. 458—9. Gall-fly, C. q. inanis O. S. = CaUaspidia confluenta Fitch non Harris. See above, pp. 457 — 8 Guest gall-fly, probably none. Galls like this and that of C. nu- hilipennis Harris, and C. q. palustris 0. S., which consist scarcely of anything else but a central cell and a thin rind, without any spongy or woody matter intervening, seem to produce no Guest gall-flies. 3. Black oak. Gall 5. piMae n.sp., (autumnal.) A dark blood-red, spherical, but somewhat depressed gall .06 — .20 inch in diameter, its upper surface roughish and opaque and often divided by deep striae into 12 — 20 four- five- or six-sided compartments like the back of a tor- toise, growing on the upper side of the leaves, but partly projecting also on the under side in a flattened disk with a central nipple, both of them the color of the leaf Never placed on the principal veins and containing only a single very large cell. Frequently two or more galls are confluent, and they then assume an ellipsoidal or irregular form and contain two or more cells divided by thin partitions. Preserves its shape and color well when dry. Its general appearance is like that of q. pisiim Fitch, figured and described iV. Y. Rep. II, §319, but that sail occurs on the white oak, and is said to grow on the under side of the leaves only aud on their principal veins and to contain usually two cells. Filulse, however, in a few cases — .say 1 out of 500 — does grow on the under side of the leaf. Very abundant but local near Rock Island. Illinois. Gall-fly unknown. On May ISth I found at the bottom of the jar, in which a number of these galls had been placed in the preceding autumn. 10 or 12 orange-colored Cynipidous larvae dead and dry. Pro- ■i'^^ [March bably these may belong to the true Grall-fly, and it may go under- ground to assume the pupa state. A gall that I then cut into had a living, or at all events a succulent whitish larva in it, and one cut into in February had three such larvae all in one ordinary sized cell. The former was probably the larva of the Gruest gall-fly ; the latter might have been Chalcididous, though T bred no Chalcididc'e from these calls as I have done from almost all the other kinds which have afforded me Cynipida3. Eight of these galls cut open April 1st. contained each a single dead and dried up orange-colored larva, apparently Cynipidous, and probably identical with those found at the bottom of the jar. There was no earth in the jar for the larvae when they came out of the galls to burrow into. Four-fifths of the galls are found in the winter to be burst open at the top and vacated by their tenants, which most likely had gone underground in the preceding autumn. Frequently at that period the whole top of the gall is abraded, so as to leave nothing but a flat ring on the leaf. GrUEST o.\riL-FLY, Amhlijnotus hiennis n. sp. Came out May 18th from last year's galls. See below. 4. White oak? G-all q. fiocct\ in all probability identical with q. Idiia Fitch, which occurs on the white oak and is fio'ured and described iV. Y. Rep. II, §316. That gall is said to be " the size of a hazelnut or walnut," and the cells contained in it to be '•' about the size of grains of wheat," the length of the 9 fly being given as .09 inch. The gall q. Jiocci varies from .20 to .40 inch in diameter, and is sometimes irreg- ularly elongated in the direction of the midrib of the leaf. The cells contained in it are much smaller than grains of wheat and more in proportion to the size of the fly produced from them. Rare. Gall-ply, C. q. flocci n. sp. 9 • Black. Head with the vertex glabrous and a little polished, and the face brownish and apparently pubescent; palpi brown: antennae § as long as the body, 1.3-joiated, the last joint more than V as long again as the penultiuuite, their basal J rufous and their terminal i dark brown. Thorax glabrous, somewhat polished, with two acute longitudinal striae converging on the scutel, and in one or two specimens with a faint medial stria also, obsolete before. Pleura sometimes entirely opaque subpubescent, sometimes with a moderately polished spot under the wings. Scutel finely rugose, not polished, its basal foveae large but shallow. Abdomen polished, viewed laterally as wide as long, the 2nd joint occupying about V its surface, and the dorsal edge of the 2nd joint forming a circular arc of about 25°. The front edge of the abdomen forms with the chord of this arc an angle of 100°, as 1864.] 483 in C. q. palustris. " Ventral ralve" small, subhyaline, its tip rectangular; the ovipositor stouter than usual and projecting, more or less far, from the " ven- tral valve." Leg.o?j- gifica and inanls and also with that of the 9 . Dr. Fitch's 9 , which he refers to nubiUpennis Harris, is much larger, (.20 inch instead of ;14 — .16 inch Walsh, and .15 inch Bassett). It also has the abdomen '' black" instead of " piceous red" Walsh, or " red or dull brick-red" Bassett. Finally, it was found " among fallen oak-leaves early in April," instead of occurring in June (Harris) or early in July (Bassett). In all these three characters it differs from Mr. Bassett's and my 9 9 , precisely as the dimorphous form acicnlata, which appears in October and the following April, differs from spongifica, which appears in June. It is therefore not improbable that we have here another species with dimorphous 9 9 , and a species too which many authors, on account of the extraordinary 16-jointed antennae of the % , would be inclined to make the type of a new genus. No other described species of Psenides. go far as known to me, has 16-jointed % antennae. It would be inter- esting to know whether the abdomen of Dr. Fitch's April 9 differs in its shape from that of the June and July 9 , as that of aciculata differs from that of spongifira. My 9 9 aabUipeiinis have the abdomen shaped nearly as in apongijicn 9 , except that the terminal segments happen to be more retracted. Both sexes of this species are readily distin- guishable from C. q. globulus by the number of the antennal joints — in the former % 16, 9 13, in the latter I 15. 9 14. It may well admit of a question, whether the very short and indefi- nite notice of nubilipeunis by Dr. Harris, though perhaps sufficient to identify the insect, ought to give his name priority over that of Mr. Bassett. who has described both sexes fully and accurately. The law of priority has its conveniences, but it has also its injustices. 1S64.] 487 8. Swamp white oak (q. prinus. var. discolor.) Gall q. petioliroln (vernal). It is well described by Osten Sacken, but the author of the gall was unknown to him. ( Fror. Ent. Soc. Phil. I. pp. 66—7.) Some of these galls, when occupying the base of the leaves, reach .60 inch in diameter, and produce each 9 or 10 flies, judging from the holes through which they have made their escape. Gall-fly, C. q. petiolicola Bassett. My specimens difiier from Mr. Bassett's description as follows, with a few additional characters : — \st. The face in the living specimen is sometimes rufescent, but in the dried specimen it is black and not even " brown;" under a good lens it is very finely aciculate. with a flat glabrous carina from the origin of the antennae to the mouth. 'Ind. The antennae are uniformly pale reddish brown or dull rufous, scarcely darker at tip, 13-jointed, the last joint nearly as long as the two preceding ones put together, and in two or three specimens showing indications of the normal division into two joints, as in some of Mr. Bassett's specimens. The % antennae are 15-jointed, 13 — 15 subequal. 3/*^. Besides the two lateral striae (or parapsidal grooves) of the mesonotum. there is in five or six ? $ a distinct central stria reaching halfway from the scutel to the collare. and a shorter stria in the other 9 9 and in my % . 4th. It is only the femora and tibiae of the hind legs that are generally dark brown, the tarsi of the hind legs as well as the whole of the other four legs being pale reddish brown, the tips of all six tarsi brown as described. 5th. The 2nd abdominal joint 9 generally occupies dorsally f but laterally only J of the length of the abdomen, exclusive of the peduncle; and its dorsal edge describes a circular arc of about 45°. The '• ventral valve" is subhyaline, its tip in an angle of 80° or 90°, and with a seti- form appeudag-e as long as itself; and the ''dorsal valve" projects slightly above the dorsal line. The radial area is 2j — 3 times as long as wide. Length % .09 inch, 9 .10 — .11 inch. One % . nineteen 9 • Bred the end of June and forepart of July from galls produced the same year. Mr. Bassett's remark as to the somewhat greater comparative length of the abdominal peduncle in % is perfectly correct. Guest gall-flv, Amhl^nntm en.'o«^{/?ca ; whence it follows that the insect is double- brooded. It was shown that the gall spongifica must be punctured by the Si/nophrus after that gall has acquired some considerable size, say towards the middle of May, and not at the time when the egg that produces it is inserted in the bud, Aaz., in the June of the preceding year, (p. 460.) We can understand now what becomes of the Si/no- phrus between the June of one year, when it emerges from the apon- gijica gall, and the May of the following year, when it is necessary for it to be on hand to puncture the young and tender spongifica gall. The intermediate time is evidently passed in the larva aud pupa state in such autumnal galls as q. ficiis. 17. Synophrus albipes n. sp. % 9- Differs from *S'. Ixviventris 0. S., only as follows : — 1st. The entire body, including the head with the exception of the palpi which are whitish or pale yellowish, is always black. 2nd. The antennae^ are 14- jointed, (not 13-jointed,) the last joint I longer than the preceding one. 3rd. The 2nd abdominal joint always covers the terminal joints both in % aud 9 . 4th. The legs are whitish, scarcely tinged with yellow, with the tarsal tips brown, but otherwise immaculate except in a single S , where the hind femora and tibiae and in a less degree the interme- diate ones, are brown. 5th. The sheaths of the ovipositor do not pro- ject beyond the line of the back, or scarcely and in a single 9 only, though the ovipositor often projects from between them, which is not seen in any of my five Iseviventris 9 . — Length % .04 — .07 inch, 9 .07 — .09 inch. Twelve % , eight 9 , bred from the gall q. Jlocci (_=q. lanaf Fitch), on the 4th of August, when I obtained 41 S , 9 9 , and other specimens August 1st and after August 4th, all from galls of the pre- ceding year's growth. Hence it would seem that this species is not double-brooded like l^er I centrist. 18. Amblynotus ensiger n. sp. ? ( ^ A . petiolicola / 0. S.) -J, 9 Bl'^ck. Mead with the face opaque with the appearance of short whitish pubescence, and a glabrous slightly elevated black stripe descending to the mouth from between the origin of the antennse ; palpi honey -yellow ; vertex glabrous, slightly jjo- lished. Antennse % 9 with joint 3 shorter than usual, % 15-jointed with 13 — 16 subequal, 9 12-jointed with 12 fully equal to 10 and 11 put together, and occa- sionally with indications of a connate medial suture on 12. % 9 honey-yellow 1864.] 41>7 iiiimat-ulate or rufous with the two basal joints and a few terminal ones t)rown- ish. Thorax glabrous opaque, with tlie appearance of fine appressed pubes- cence; two acute longitudinal strice, subobsolete in front, eonverging on the scutel, and a central one extending from the scutel halfway or less to the col- lare. A large, highly polished spot under tlie wings. Scutel finely rugose, the basal foveas obsolete or subobsolete. Abdomen glabrous, joint 1 short and trun- cate conical, 2 and 3 connate and together covering from 5 to } of its whole late- ral surface except joint 1, the dorsal edge of these two joints describing a cir- cular arc of 25° ; 2 basally with appressed pubescence, and dorsally in % nearly equal in length to 3. but in J only half as long. "Ventral valve" 9 yellowish and thin, moderately large, its tip unarmed and in an angle of 60°. Sheaths polished and projecting about .03 inch above the dorsal line, often with the ovipositor protruding from their tips. Legs honey-yellow, tarsal tips brown, and the tip of the hind tibiae often brownish % . Wings hyaline, veins mode- rately fine, yellowish-subhyaline. the principal ones sometimes lightly tinged with brown. Areolet large, but with its basal side often subobsolete. Radial area distinctly closed, scarcely twice as long as wide, the areolet placed about J of the way from its base to its tip. Length % .06 — .07 inch, 9 -07 — 10 inch. Six S . twelve 9 , bred from the gall q. petioJicohi O. S. and Bassett. Differs from A. pctioltcola 0. S., bred from the same gall and described from a single 9 specimen, in the antennas 9 being properly 12-jointed not 13-jointed, in the abdomen being black and not " dark brown," in the legs being honey-yellow except sometimes the tip of the % hind tibia, not " infuscated except at the joints," and in the areolet being- only i of the way from the base of the radial area, instead of " corre- sponding to its middle." Notwithstanding all the above differences, Baron Osten Sacken's insect is very probably identical with mine, as he says his pctioUcola is closely allied in all respects to another species reared by him from q. tuhtr and stated to have '' 12-jointed antennae, if the last very elongated joint is counted for one." (Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. I, p. 72.) Amhlynotus Rheinhardt, it appears, ought to have %, 14-, 9 13-jointed antennte. instead of % 15, 9 1- ^^ in our insect. Baron Osten Sacken also doubts the fact of his pptioUrola belonging to Amhlynotus. because " the 2nd segment of the abdomen is much shorter than the 3rd. {Ibii/. p. 67.) In the S , but not 9 cnsiger^ these two segments, as above stated, are dorsally equal in length. I should not have described my species but for my happening to possess numerous specimens of both sexes all from the same brood. Ensiger 9 might be easily mistaken at first sight for the large-sized and dark- colored specimens of Si/nophrns Iseviventris 0. S., but is distinguish- 49S [March able, Dot only gcnerically, but by the tip of the " ventral valve" being ill an angle of 60° instead of 30^, and by the sheaths of the ovipositor being proportionally longer. 19. Amblynotus inermis n. sp. % 9- Differs from the above only as follows : — -The 2nd and 3rd abdominal joints S 9 nearly conceal the succeeding ones : the " ventral valve" is longer and slenderer — its tip in an angle of 4")'^ — and also moi'e horny' ; the sheaths of the ovipositor do not nearly attain the line of the back, instead of projecting about .03 inch above it; the legs are yellowish- white not honey-yellow; and the basal J — i of all 6 femora S 9 is deep black, the black color extending further in each successive pair. Length % 9 .07 inch. One % , one 9 . bred from the gall (j. pilulx u. sp., early in August. 20. Syneroes oneratus Harris. Baron Osten Sacken, noticing a discrepancy in the size between his specimen (.21 inch) and the size given by Dr. Fitch (.15 inch) doubts whether it is the same species. (Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. I, p. 68.) But Dr. Fitch says also that its size is similar to that of nuhilipennls and conjluenta, which are given by him as respectively 9 -^0 inch and 9 -25 inch. Mr. Bassett's spe- cimens were " as large or even larger" than Osten Sacken's. (Ibid. II, p. 328.) It has been shown above that there is a great variation in size, in other inquilinous species also, in the same brood reared from the same galls. (E. g. Si/nophrus Iseoioeufris. and see below Sijnerfje^ rhoditiformh.) From the gall q. [/hbii/as. 21. Synerges meudax n. sp. 9 • Black. Head with the .space behind the eyes (but not the occiput) and also the face below the origin of the antennae and the mouth, dull yellowish brown varying from dark to pale, the vertex glabrous and moderately polished, the rest of the head opaque and the face finely pubes- cent. Autenuse nearly as long as the body, 14-jointed with the last joint scarcely longer than the penultimate, yellowish-brown with the two basal joints blackish. Thorax with the collare very finely rugose, the mesonotum before the scutel with coarser transverse waving strise or rugosities, and with two acute longitudinal striae converging on the scutel, between the base of which striae is a sliallow but widely impressed fovea. Scutel rugose, with the two basal foveae subobsolete. Under the wings a small but liighlj' polished round spot. ^6rfo»ien highly polished : the joints succeeding the 2nd concealed by it: the 2ud joint dorsally describing a circular are of :^0°. -'Ventral valve" moderate, thin, brownish subhyaline. its tip unarmed and in an angle of i5°. Sheaths extending a Utile below or a little above the line of the back, with the ovijjosi- tor generally protrmling from between them. Lcr/s d\\^ pale brown or brown- 1864.] 49f< black, the trochanters, the knees and the tarsi except their tips, honey-yellow or dull rufous, each successive pair of legs a little darker than the preceding. Wings hj'aliue: veins rather fine, the principal ones lightly tinged with brown, the cubitus hyaline and indistinct. Areolet moderate, its two basal sides hya- line. Radial area about 2\ times as long as wide, distinctly closed by a brown- ish vein, the areolet placed scarcely more than i of the Way from its basal end. Length J .08 — .10 inch; % unknown. Eight 9 , bred at the same time with the following species and from the same galls, (y- p'xhi^rx n. sp.) May be easily confounded with the dark varieties of thut species, but differs iu being slenderer, in the antennae being longer and slenderer and having one more joint 9 , in the '' veatral valve" being unarmed and much shorter, and subhyaline and thin not thick and black, and in the radial area being proportionally longer and in a more acute angle at tip (80"^ instead of 45'^.) From the true gall-fly that produces the gall q. podtujrse it is at once distinguished by its radial area being closed and proportionally shorter, and having the areolet placed further from its base. 22. Synerges rhoditiformis n. sp. % ^ . Rather robust, honey-yellow or ru- fous, ranging both in the living and the dried 9> but not in '^, to very dark reddish brown, or almost brown-black. Head glabrous opaque, with a black spot enclosing the ocelli and sometimes extending laterally nearly to the eyes and in front to the origin of the antennse ; extreme tips of mandibles black. Eyes black. Antennee honey-yellow or rufous '^ 9 > 'i^ ''he dark 9 9 reddish- brown, S as long as the body in 'J, , a little over \ as long in 9 - 15-jointed in % joint 3 much excised below and 1.3 — 15 subequal, IS-jointed 9 the last joint i as long again as the penultimate and occasionally in certain lights with a slight transverse medial impression. Collare glabrous opaque or almost microscopi- cally rugose, always with an equilaterally obtrigonate black spot covering its whole dorsal length. Thorax laterally a little i>olished, dorsally opaque and with fine transverse rugse ; two acute striae converging on the scutel and an in- termediate one, all three often indistinct throughout or obsolete in front. Scutel finely rugose. The entire meso- and meta-notum black, the black color ceasing suddenly on the suture dividing the mesonotum from the collare. Abdomen black, highly polished, often in the paler sjjecimens laterally and beneath pi- ceous or rufous, joint 2 dorsally describing a circular arc of 30^. "Ventral valve" 9 horny and thick, very large, extending beyond the tip of the dorsum, its color a highly polished black, its tij), when viewed laterally, in an angle of 45° terminating in a short. o})tuse, slender, setiform. hairy ap]>endage, cliaii- nelled above for the reception of the ovipositor. Sheaths of the ovipositor pro- jecting but slightly from the " dorsal valve," their tips just about attaining the dorsal line, with the ovipositor often exserted from between them. Legs vary- ing from yellowish white to honey-yellow "J, , the tarsal tips brown; honey- yellow to dull rufous 9> ill the dark 9 9 'i" the femora and tibire often obfus- 500 [March cated and the hind tibiae brown. Wings hyaline, veins rather fine, the principal veins generally brownish, sometimes even in the darltest specimens yellowisli hyaline. Areolet large, distinct. Radial area closed, about twice as long as wide, with the areolet placed i of the way from its base. — Length ^ .07 — .10 inch. 9.07— .14 inch. Thirteen % , thirty-one 9 . Came out from the gall q. liodagrpe n. sp. May 10 — 15, and very numerous specimens subsequently. I ascer- tained by keeping the pale 9 9 four days alive and exposed to the light, that the pale color did not become darker, and I noticed very dark 9 9 that must have hatched out within 24 hours. Similar va- riations occur also in C q. sponffijica, whence we may infer that the rust-red color there is not due to immaturity. Comes very near tti >S. Ugnicola 0. S., which was bred from a woody gall on q. palustris. but differs as follows : — l.s^ That species, described from '* numerous specimens," has its ground color always " yellow." 2.nil. The last joint 9 antennae in rhoditiformls never shows '■'■tico slight sub-divisions" and not often even one. Srd. The collare in rhoditi/onnis always has a large dorsal black spot, instead of being immaculate as is spe- cially mentioned of ligidcola. Ath. Nothing is said under Ugnicola of the very remarkable " ventral valve" found in rhoditiformls. — This insect is of a much more robust habit than either *S'. o'neratus or S. mendax, and as the 9 antennae have one joint less than in those two species, and the ventral valve is so remarkably developed, it might perhaps form a separate genus. Since, however, in Cynipidfe there are already far too many imperfectly characterized genera, I prefer to refer it provisionally to Si/nerges. Rock Island, Illinois, Feb. 15, 1864. ERRATUM. Page 459. line 8 from bottom, for '-Dorcatoma" read "Decatoma." 1864] 501 Description of certain species of DIURNAL LEPIDOPTERA found within the limits of the United States and British North America. No. 3. BY WM. II. EDWARDS, Nin\ buugh. Xew York. 1. Pieris Nasturtii, Boisduval, in lit. 2. Pieris vernalis, nov. sp. .'>. Eresia cincta, nov. sp. 4. Argynnis Hcsperis. nov. sp. 5. " Epithore, Boisduval, in lit. (3. Melitcea pallida, nov. sp. 7. " Phaon, nov. sp. 8. Lj/cccna Echo, nov. sp. 9. Li/coena Lycea, nov. sp. 1 fl. Hesperia nemoris, nov. sp. Pieris Nasturtii. Boisduval. in lit. M((fr. Expands ly'^g inch. Upper side white; primaries as in Pro- tixUce ; a rhomboidal black spot upon the arc ; three sub-marginal spots in line, and several acute spots on the apical half of the hind margin. Secondaries have a few black scales near outer angle and at the ex- tremities of the nervules; owing to the transparency of the wing the grey tint of the nervules and lines of under surface are distinctly visible. Under side of primaries like the upper, the spots less distinct; apex greyi.sh. Secondaries have a broad, serrate, sub-marginal band of grey scales, the points extended to the margin ; all the nervures about the base and cell heavily bordered by grey scales. Female. Expands '1^^ inch. Wings more delicate, the white less pure, a violaceous tinge at the base ; the spots as in female Protodice., but of a faint coppery hue. Under side of primaries with spots as above, but less distinct ; the apex yellowish. Secondaries yellowish ; the nervures all bordered by ochrey scales ; the sub-marginal band almost obsolete. San Francisco ; from Dr. Behr, who informs me that it is common in some localities in the vicinity of that city. P. Protodice seems also not uncommon. Pieris vernalis, nov. sp. Male. Expands Ij'^^ inch. Upper side white, less pure than in Pro- todice ; primaries have the costa and apical nervules edged with black- ish brown ; the sub-marginal band is obsolete, or indicated by a few dark scales only ; upon the arc a rhomboidal bar. •tOJ [March Secondaries more delicate, showing distinctly the dark markiugs of the under side. Under side of primaries with the markings repeated, the sub-margi- nal band more distinct, the bar reaching the costa and there dilated. Secondaries have all the nervures broadly edged with greenish scales, so that none of the white surface appears except in narrow stripes in the interspaces ; near the hind margin the green edges are connected together by scales of a darker shade, making a sub-marginal band much as in the female of Protodice. Female. Nearly same size with similar markings but more conspicu- ous ; the under side scarcely diiFering from the male. This species appears to have been hitherto overlooked. In the col- lection of Mr. G-eo. Newman and Mr. Wilt are several specimens, taken, as I am informed, at Red Bank, New Jersey, in the mouth of May, in company with A. Gmutla. It differs decidedly from Proto- dice. the only eastern species to which it is allied. There is also in the Society's collection a pair from the Rocky Mountains, that appear to be identical with it. Eresia cincta, nov. sp. Male. Expands ly^^ inch. Upper side fuscous, with a broad belt of white across the middle of both wings, interrupted on primaries so as to leave an oval spot placed obliquely on the costa; primaries have four or five sub-apical white points, and one in the cell ; both wings bordered by obscure brown lunules; fringes white, fuscous at tip of the nervules. Under side of primaries with same spots and band ; in secondaries the band is crossed longitudinally by a faint, irregular, brown line, which is darker on the costa and dilated ; base of primaries cream-color ; apex greyish ; the two middle marginal lunules white ; base of secondaries grey white with wavy brown lines ; the lunules distinct, edged with white ; above these, a row of rounded black spots ; the submarginal space clouded with white. Texas. Florida. " This species resembles E. Icarodesma of Felder, a Venezuelan spe- cies, but is distinct from it." Mr. H. W. Bates in lit. ArctYnnis Hesperis, nov. sp. Male. Expands 2,-^y inch. Upper side deep fulvous; base of wings 1S64.] 508 brown ; primaries have a broad, black hiiul marf^in. enclosing a series of fulvous luuules, sharply serrate upon its inner edge ; otherwise marked as in the allied species. Secondaries have the margin bordered by two parallel lines which enclose a fulvous space; the median line zigzag and continuous, as in At I ant li^. Under side of primaries fulvous ; the apex, upper marginal serra- tions and the sub-apical patch deep ferruginous of the same hue as secondaries ; the marginal lunules and apical interspaces buiF. Secondaries deep ferruginous, except the space between the outer rows of spots, which is buff, and not encroached upon by the basal color, except at the extremities, where there are a few ferruginous scales; the marginal lunules buff, serrated, with serrated ferruginous borders ; the second row consists of eight spots, the eighth being in- complete on the abdominal margin ; the first six long oval, the seventh lunular, all edged above with black, and below projecting a shadow of deeper ferruginous ; beyond these is a row of four spots, the first being on the costa and lunular, the second semi-oval, in the cell ; the third and fourth almost wanting, but all four heavily edged with black above ; in the cell two round spots circled with black, one of them minute ; an oval buff spot at the base ot median nervure ; a slight patch at base of costal nervure ; the edges of costa at base and of abdominal margin lightly marked with buff; all the spots, except the marginal, somewhat sprinkled with silvery scales, but which are scarcely perceptible with- out a glass. From the llocky Mountains. In a paper read by Dr. Behr, 21st April, 1862, before the Academy of Natural Science of San Francisco, on the Argynnides of California, he enumerates nine large and well marked species, none of which are known on the Atlantic slope. This does not include A. Nolcomis Edw., from the Rocky Mountains, the largest and finest of all the Western species, or Hesperis, above described. Dr. Behr adds . — •' The only representative of the Arctic form of Argynnis as now known in California is A. Epithoro., Boisduval." This species, as I am informed by Dr. Behr, is undescribed and only named in letters of Dr. Boisduval. From a male sent me from Cali- fornia I have described it as follows. o04 [March Argynnis Epitiiore, Boisduval in lit. Male. Expands If^ inch. Primaries rounded as in Mt/rhm, not angular at apex and excavated on the margin, as in Bellona, to which last it is most closely allied. Upper side pale fulvous at the ba>-e ; hind margins bordered by a slight, interrupted line, with small lunules ; otherwise the usual mark- ings. Under side of primaries fulvous, yellowish at apex, with a ferrugi- nous sub-apical patch. Secondaries have an angular sub-mesial band of irregular spots, as in BeUona, each whitish, sprinkled in the centre with ferruginous ; in the cell a round black spot ; beyond the band to the margin a slight violet tinge, with a submarginal series of round spots and marginal lunules. Dr. Behr states that he has never known of A. Aglaia being cap- tured in California. In the Society's collection are two specimens of Aglaia taken by Mr. Wood in the Rocky Mountains, so that- the ex- istence of this species upon this Continent is no longer doubtful. MeliT/EA Mylitta, Edwards, in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei., Phila. 1861. This species is described by Dr. Behr, in a second very valuable paper, read before the Academy, 1863, as M. CulUna. At the time of writing uiy description I was inclined to consider certain dark colored specimens of Melitaea from (California, as varieties of Mjjlitta. Dr. Behr has had opportunities for careful and long-continued observation on the spot, and has clearly determined two additional species, M. campes- (n's and M. jjrafcnsis, both of which he, as well as myself, "at first considered local varieties" of the other. I am satisfied upon reading his descriptions and remarks, and examining a very full series of each species kindly sent me by him, that a fourth species, allied to Mylitta, and which I also supposed to be a variety, is distinct. I have described it below as M. pallida. Boisduval in Ann. Soc. Ent. X, in his list of Californian Lepidopterai enumerates MiUtsen Pulrhella., without giving its description, referring to Drury's Tliaroa for it, which he regarded as identical with the Cali- fornian species, and differing from the Tharos of Cramer. Drury's spe- cimens came from New York, as stated in the text, and his figures li<64.] 5ori appear to me to agree well with Tharos of the Eastern States. Doubt- less Boisduval had in view one of the two dark-colored species above mentioned, but it would be difficult to say which, and in this uncer- tainty Dr. Behr's names will have the preference. 3Ielit.ea pallida, nov. sp. Expands \f^ inch. Upper side fulvous, the markings disposed in spots and bands which nearly cover the whole surface, the black shade being- mostly confined to the costal edge, hind margin and narrow spaces between the transverse bands ; the marginal lunules distinct, pale, the middle one largest; the sub-marginal row of fulvous spots with pale centres ; the third row of larger, elongated spots of same shade of color as the marginal ; beyond to base a few small patches of black. Secondaries have a similar series of marginal lunules, towards the outer angle blending with the sub-marginal baud; this is broad, deep fulvous, with a rounded black spot in each interspace; a black line dilated on both margins separates the sub-marginal from the median band ; beyond to base reticulated with black lines ; abdominal margin at base black. Under side of primaries fulvous, the black markings of upper side repeated in brown, and the three fulvous bands in pale yellow ; the apical lunules white. Secondaries pale yellow; a brown shade on hind margin, enclosing a large metallic white lunule ; two or three lunules of similar color at the outer angle and one at the anal angle ; submarginal spots brown ; a brown sub-uplcal patch on costa; an irregular, whitish, median band; about the base several whitish spots ; thorax and abdomen white ; palpi soiled white. Texas. Kansas. Melit.ea Piiaon, nov, sp. Midi'. Expands ly^^ inch. Upper side black, with fulvous and yel- lowish markings ; a single fulvous lunule on the middle of the hind margin ; two transverse bands of spots, the outer fulvous, not reaching the co.sta, the inner yellowish, terminating in the costa ; a cluster of fulvous spots at base. Secondaries have a marginal series of obsolete lunules, a sub-margi- nal row of rounded black spots within fulvous spots; a fulvous median baud and spots at the base. 506 [March Under side : the hind margin of primaries broad, blackish brown ; the middle lunule and two apical lunules yellowish white ; on costa a sub-apical black patch; the outer band fulvous, the inner nearly white; the black patches on middle of costa and of inner margin as heavy as on the upper side ; edge of costa to the base black ; these black patches with the marginal border occupy nearly half the wing. Secondaries yellow white ; a black cloud on hind margin, enclosing a large whitish lunule ; the apical lunules whitish ; a row of black spots corresponding to those of the upper side ; a black patch on costa near the outer angle ; an irregular whitish median, beyond which to the base the surface is reticulated with black lines; palpi whitish; club fulvous. Female^ a little larger, with similar markings. From St. Simons Island, Greorgia ; Northern Greorgia. This species may be distinguished at a glance from Tharos, by the extent of black surface on under side of primaries. I received several specimens of it from St. Simons some years ago, and supposed, them to be an insular variety of Tharos. I afterwards received the specimens from Northern Georgia, showing the same marked characteristics, and do not doubt its distinctness as a species. Lyc^na Echo, nov. sp. Male. Expands one inch. Upper side delicate light blue, silvery on costa of primaries ; both wings bordered by a fine black line ; fringe of secondaries white, brown at tips of nervules ; of primaries, brown towards the apex and at tips of the nervules. Under side white ; both wings have a marginal series of indistinct lunules ; primaries have a transverse series of brown streaks, of which the second, third, fourth and fifth are in a line parallel to the margin, each turned obliquely towards it ; the first is forward of the line on the costa; the spots next inner angle obsolete; discal streak long. Secondaries have a transverse series of smaller streaks and spots, two being on the costa, followed, after a wide space, by four parallel to the margin ; the sixth is below the line and lunular, the seventh upon the margin, also lunular ; towards the base are three small spots, one on costa, the second in the cell, the third on abdominal margin. Female. Expands 1^^^ inch. Primaries have a broad fuscous costal border hind margin and discal streak ; the disk blue. 1864.] . ^01 Secondaries fuscous, slightly sprinkled with blue upon the disk ; a marginal series of rounded fuscous spots in grey circlets. California, from Dr. Behr. This is the Western representative of Pseitdan/iolus. It is much smaller than that species, but otherwise very like it. Lyc^na Lycea, nov. sp. Mule. Expands ly-g inch. Upper side purplish blue, color of Aii- ti'acis Boisd., with broad fuscous hind margins; fringes white. Under side grey white ; both wings have a row of brown points re- presenting the lunules of obsolete marginal spots; a second row of eight black spots, each circled with white ; the first on costa minute, the second round, the third oval, the fourth, fifth and sixth cordate, the others round ; all, except the first, conspicuous ; discal spot reni- forni. Secondaries have a second row of small spots nearly parallel with the margin ; the second and third separated by a wide space ; near the base three points in a line, one upon the costa, the second in the cell, the third upon the abdominal margin ; all the spots circled with white ; discal streak faint. Rocky Mountains. Hesperia nemoris, nov. sp. Male. Expands one inch. Upper side glossy brown ; secondaries covered with greenish hairs except a narrow space along the costal and inner margins; primaries have three yellow dots in line, on the costa, and two small spots on the disk ; fringes long, whitish, dark brown at tips of nervules on primaries only. Under side greenish grey, except on inner margin of primaries, which is brown ; same spots as above on primaries, but enlarged ; on secondaries a sub-marginal band of small spots, not reaching the inner margin ; two minute spots on the costa and a third on the disk, scarcely paler than the ground color. Taken at Portsmouth, Ohio, by Mr. John Bolton. oUS [March Descriptions of certain species of CATOCALA, found within the United States BY WM. H. EDWARDS. 6. C. Serena, nov. sp. 1. C. Briseis, nov. sp. 2. C. marmorata, nov. sp. 3. C. Californica, nov. sp. 4. C. Walshii, nov. sp. 5. C. nebulosa, nov. sp. 7. C. tristis, nov. sp. 8. C. gracilis, nov. sp. 9. C. similis. nov. sp. 10. C. minuta, nov. sp. 11. C. parvula, nov. sp. Catocala Briseis, nov. sp. Expands 2^^ inch. Thorax grey black ; abdomen ashy brown ; primaries grey black ; the transverse lines indistinct, the elbowed dis- posed as in unijnga, Walker ; bordering on this, without, a conspicu- ous band, grey clouded with buif near the costa and on inner margin, and buif in the disk, edged both without and within by a whitish line, that on the costa without is dilated, sharply serrated and pure white ; sub-marginal points white surmounted by black crescents ; fringe grey black ; reniform with an indistinct light border ; sub-reniform lighter and conspicuous; sometimes a whitish patch adjoins the inn^r side of these spots. Secondaries dark red-orange, nearly the shade of ultronia ; median band broad, a little excavated on the outer side, diminishing gradually towards the abdominal margin which it does not quite reach ; border regular, with the exception of a triangular indentation near the anal angle; apical spot yellowish; fringe black and white. On the under side of secondaries the red shade covers rather more than the inner \ of the wing and the whole space above the median band. I have seen but two individuals of this species, one of which was taken by me in the Catskills in July, 18(31 ; the other is in the fine collectioD of Mrs. Bridgham, taken in llhode Island. Catocala marmorata, nov. sp. Expands nearly four inches. Primaries light bluish grey, with patches and bands of pale brown and white ; transverse lines distinct ; the basal dentated, the elbowed with two prominent teeth, followed by a third much smaller and a fourth nearly equal to the first ; on the lower side of this last, a black line runs back to the sub-reniform, but there is no sinus as in many of the large species; beyond the elbowed line a broad brown band bordered by a narrow band of bluish white that is dentated except near the costa. where it is serrated and of a pure 1)^64.] ^ 509 white ; sub-marginal spots blackish ; reniform dark brown, with a white patch adjoining its inner side; sub-reniforra pale brown; a curved blackish stripe extends from the costa , at one-third the distance from the base, to the hind margin a little below the apex ; fringe light-grey. Secondaries ro.sy-red ; median band of moderate width, much con- tracted at the middle, abruptly narrowing to the width of a line near the abdominal margin, which it does not quite reach ; border broad, sinuous towards the anal angle ; apical spot white tinged with red at the edge of the border ; fringe white. On the under side of secondaries, the red shade occupies about two- thirds the wing from the abdominal margin. From Yreka, California. Oatocala Californica. nov. sp. Expands '2j\ inches. Primaries dark brown with a grey tinge ; the transverse lines rather indistinct; the elbowed line with two teeth equally prominent, and otherwise resembling marmor.ata ; beyond this a brown band bordered by a faint, serrated, greyish line, which is edged without by black ; reniform black ; sub-reniform brown. Secondaries ro.sy-red, nearly the same shade as in marmorata ; me- dian band narrow, almost straight, contracted in the middle and termi- nating abruptly two lines before the margin ; border somewhat sinuous towards the anal angle ; apical spot white tinged with reddish ; fringe long and white. On the under side of secondaries the red shade occupies f the wing. From Yreka, California. Catocala Walsh II, nov. sp. Male. Expands three inches. Primaries yellowish brown, clouded between the transverse lines with grey ; markings indistinct, but simi- lar to Unijuija, Walker; reniform ferruginous in a paler circlet. Secondaries dull red ; median narrow, almost straight, twice exca- vated slightly on the outer side, bending at a right angle and terminat- ing squarely just after the bend ; border narrow, deeply excavated, almost to the margin between the fourth inferior and sub-median ner- vure, and again after the sub-median ; apical spot luteous, as are also the emarginations. Under side as in Unijuija. Taken by 3Ir. B. D. Walsh in Southern Illinois. This species resembles remarkably Elorata of Europe, in color, in- rilU [March distinctness of uiarkings, shape of median band and apical spot, in all which respects it differs from Unijuga. Catocala nebulosa. nov. sp. Expands 3j^^ inches. Thorax dark brown. Primaries ferruginous, pale in the disk and along the nervules to the hind margin, almost black at the base up to the basal line, except on the inner margin ; basal line slightly waved, but at the inner margin throwing out a pro- minent tooth that nearly reaches the elbowed line ; this is well defined black, much like that of Neogama, the two prominent teeth being very long and acute, the lower one half the length of the upper; beyond the elbowed line a paler band edged without by a greyish serrated line ; sub-marginal spots black ; reniform pale brown in a greyish circlet ; sub-renifirni pyriform, clear brown with a black edge. Secondaries almost wholly black, the median band and the border both being very broad, leaving between them but a narrow, sinuous space of dark luteous; the whole base above the median band covered with dark brown hairs, leaving nothing of the surface of the wing visible ; when these are removed the luteous color re-appears ; the api- cal spot large and luteous ; emarginations luteous. conspicuously cut with black at the tips of the nervules. Under side of both wings paler luteous; the apices violaceous; median band of secondaries narrow and sinuous, not contracted in the middle. Philadelphia ; Washington. Catocala Serena, nov. sp. Expands 2^\ inches. Primaries ashen-grey ; transverse lines fine, but distinct; the basal in three equal waves, of which the costal projects a small tooth ; the elbowed line without any prominent tooth, rather ragged than serrated ; on the median nervure a broad sinus extending back to and including the sub-reniform ; a sub-marginaj grey serrated band ; points black ; reniform brown ; sub-reniform con-colored. Secondaries pale-yellow; band much curved, slightly excavated with- out at the middle; after the bend sinuous, diminishing rapidly and terminating in a line within the hairs of the margin ; border broad, bent ill the middle, without any excavation ; on the under side the base of both wings is fuscous and the bands and borders are broad and black, leaving between them but nari'ow spaces of yellow. From Mr. Wilt's collection. Philadelphia. 1S04.] Ml Catocala TRistis, nov. Spv Male. Expands ly'^ inch. Primaries light grey, blackish along in- ter margin ; the transverse lines indistinct; the basal line lost in an oblique stripe reaching from the costa to the inner margin ; the exte- rior line without prominent teeth ; reniform blackish. Secondaries black; fringe black, except at outer angle, where it is white. From Mr. Xewman's Collection, taken at Philadelphia ; also Mr. Jung's Collection, at Hoboken, New Jersey. Catocala gracilis, nov. sp. MuJi . Expands ly^^ inch. Primaries grey, more or less clouded with blackish on the hind and inner margins; transverse lines indis- tinct; beyond the exterior line a broad brown space with the outer edge deeply serrated ; from this to the margin clear grey ; in some cases the basal line is conspicuous, rather heavily edged with black, but often the only trace of it is a black patch on the costa ; reniform brown in a grey ring. Secondaries deep yellow ; band narrow, curved, terminating abruptly at some distance from the inner margin ; border broad, interrupted, with an oval spot near the angle; apical spot and fringe yellow. Mrs. Bridgham's Collection. Catocala similis, nov. sp. Male. Expands ly'^^j inch. Primaries grey, clouded with brown and black; the markings distinct; the demi-line bent at a right angle; the basal very slightly waved, but presenting the general form of a single arch, and edged with brown on the inner side ; the exterior line with- out prominent teeth, concave to the elbow, after which it is perpen- dicular, very slightly waved ; beyond is a ferruginous band followed by a grey line which is dilated on the costa so as to make a triangular apical spot; sub-marginal spots black; reniform brown in a broad grey circlet, incomplete in the direction of the apex ; sub-reuiform small, oval, brown in a black ring. Secondaries bright yellow ; band broad, twice bent, and diminishing to a line on the inner margin ; border broad, excavated in the middle, interrupted, leaving a large spot at the angle ; apical spot yellow ; fringe at the apex and at the interruption white, along the rest of the border black, with the outer edge white; the hairs of the base slightly 512 [March browu, and a short blackish ray runs from the base in the direction of the second angle of the band. Mrs. Bridgham's OoUection. Catocala mi.^uta, nov. sp. Male. Expands 1 yt, inch. Primaries dark glossy brown ; transverse lines black, distinct; the demi-line arched; the basal wavy, except near the costa, where it projects in a sharp tooth ; the exterior with two prominent unequal teeth, and a broad sinus to the sub-reniform ; midway between the exterior line and the margin a serrated pure white line dilated on the costa. Secondaries pale yellow; the band contracted in the middle, then bent at right angles to the margin, near which it connects with a faint black shade from the base ; border interrupted, making a spot at the angle ; apical spot yellow ; fringe yellow, with black hairs at the ends of the nervules. Mrs. Bridgham's Collection. New York. Variety. — Primaries of a deeper shade of brown, obscuring the basal line ; the exterior line with two equally prominent teeth, and much more deatated, without a sinus ; the white line conspicuous. New York. Catocala parvula, nov. sp. Mule. Expands ly^^ inch. Primaries light grey with a yellowish tinge ; the inner margin having a broad arched border of blackish brown, sometimes extending to the base and sending a branch to the costa on the inside of the basal line ; sometimes rounding to a point on the margin near the base; the basal line only visible on the costa; the exterior line distinct until it is lost in the inner border, and having two prominent teeth ; beyond is a greyish band with serrated outer edge ; the hind margins more or less obscured by blackish brown. Secondaries pale yellow with a narrow band, twice bent, terminating squarely before the margin ; border interrupted, leaving a large spot in the angle ; in some cases this interruption is not complete ; apical spot yellow ; fringe yellow, blackish at tips of nervules. Under side of secondaries marked as above, and also with a small spot in the cell. New York. 1H64.] 513 CATALOGUE OF NORTH AMERICAN BUTTERFLIES. BY J. WM. WKIDEMEYER. 3d family Ageronia. Genus 1. AGERONIA. {Peridromia.) arethusa (laodamia is f ), Cramer, t. 77, %, i. i:'.0, J: Herbst, t. 140, %, t. 141, 9 : Drury, III, t. 8, % ; Duncan, t. 18 ; Bdvl. Sp. Gen. t. 23, 9 . Mex- ico, Central America arete, Doubleday & W. t. 10. Central America, Mexico. chloe, Stoll, t. 5 ; Hubner, Exot. f. . Central America. fornax, Clienu. f. 152, % : Doubleday & W. t. 10. Mexico. feronia, Chenu, f. 151; Drury, I. t. 10; Cramer, t. 192; Herbst, t. 225. Mexico, Central America. 4th family Danais. Genus 1. EUPLOEA. Unrepresented. Genus 2. DANAIS. arcMppus (plexippus, erippus), Bdvl. & Lee. t. 40, 9 : Abbot & S. t. 6: Herbst, t. 156, % 9 ; Cramer, t. 206, -^ , t. 3, 9 . United States, Canada, W. Indies, Mexico, Central America. berenice (erippus, gilippus). Bdvl. & Lee. t. 39, 'J,; Abbot & S. t. 7, "^ 9? Herbst, t. 157, %'. Cramer, t. 205,9. United States, West Indies. Mexico, Central America. cleothera, Doubleday & W. t. 12 ; Godart, E. M. IX. West Ind., Cent. America. cleophile, Doubleday & W. t. 12 ; Godart, E. M. IX. West Indies. Genus 3. HESTIA. (Idea.) Unrepresented. 5th family Heliconia. Genus 1. TITHOREA. Irene, Drury, III. t. 38; Godart, E. M. IX. West Indies, Cent. America, megara, Chenu, f. 500 ; Doubleday & W. t. 14. West Indies. Genus 2. HELICONIA. anderida, Hewitson, t. 7. Central America, charitonia, Bdvl. & Lee. t. 41 ; Lucas, P. E. t. 50 ; Herbst, t. 76; Cramer, t. 191. United States, West Indies, Mexico, Cent. America. demophoon, Menetries, Cat. St. P. t. 2. Central America. diaphanus, Hewitson, t. 1. West Indies, derasa, Hewitson, t. 1. Mexico. ethilla, ? West Indies. encrate {narccea), Lucas, P. E. t. 50,9; Chenu, p. 158, %; Doubleday O Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 : Drury, I. t. 21 J . United States. tharos (cocyta, selenis. pharos.'), Morris. Syn. p. 51: Bdvl. & Lee. t. 47 'J, 9- Herbst, t. 260 9 : Cramer, t. 169 9 . U. States. Brit. N.x\.., Arctic A. theone, Menetries Cat. St. P. t. 2. Central America, tarquinius, Ross, 2d A. V. descr. Arctic America, texana, Edwards. Pr. E. S. Pa. 1S63 %. United States. Genus 14. ERESIA. clio, ? Central America. cincta, Edwards in litt. United States. ezorias, Ilewitson, t. 24. Mexico. hera, Ilei-bst, t. 2U9 ; Cramer, t. 253. Central America. nauplia (phalcrat), Cramer, t. 316 % 9 j Herbst, t. 78 'J, 9 • Central America, phyllira. Ilewitson, t. 39. Mexico. Genus 15. SYNCHLffi. hippodrome, IIiibner-Geyer, f. 843. Mexico. janias, Godart. E. M IX: Drury, III, t. 17. Mexico, Central America. laciuia, Hiibner-Geyer, f. 899. Mexico, marina, Hiibner-Geyer, f. 877. Mexico. perezi. Ilerr-S., C. B. Z. M. V. 1862 %, 9 . West Indies. Saundersii, Doubleday & W. t. 24; Chenu, f. 202. U. States, Mexico. C. Amer. Genus 16. ARASCHNIA. Unrepresented. Genus 17. LAOGONA. Unrepresented. Genus 18. EUREMA. Kefersteinii. Doubleday k W. t. 24; Chenu, f. 205. West Indies. lethe {zabulina, daemonica), Godart, E. M. IX. Ilubner, Exot. f. 9= Dono- van India, t. 23. United States, Mexico, Central America, tecmesia {paullus), Hubner, Exot. f. ; Godart, E. M. IX. Mexico, W. Ind. Genus 19. GRAPTA. comma, Harris, t. 4: Morris, Syn. p. 54; Edwards, Pr. E. S. Pa. 1862 ^9. U. States, British N. A. faunusi 1 {comma, C-album), Edwards, Pr. E. S. Pa. 1SG2: Edwards, Pr. A. N. S. 1862 % 9. United States, British N. A. G-argenteum. Doubleday ifc W. t. : Chenu, f. 207. Mexico. Hartwegii, ? United States. interrogationisi - (C-aureum), Harris, f. 124 9: Cramer, t. 19 ^ ; Edwards. Pr. E. S. Pa. 1S62 ; Bdvl. & Lee. t. 51 ; Herbst. t. 162 % ; Abbot & S. t. 11 9 . United States, British N. A. progne " •'> ( C-argenteum), Herbst, t. 163 : Cramer, t. 5 ; Kirby, t. 3 ; Bdvl. & Lee. t. 50 ; Harris, p. 301. United States, British N. A., West Indies. 1S(54.] 519 Genus 2i). VANESSA, antiopa (Lintnerii is var.), Harris, f. 121; Ilerbst. t. IfiT; Esper. Eur. t. 12: Wood. t. 1 : Chenu. f. 211. United States. British N. A., Mexico, califoruica, Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 18.52 : Morris. Syn. p. .JS. United States, cyanomelas. Douhleday & W. t. 2(i. Mexico. J-album, Harris, p. 298: Bdvl. & Lee. t. 50: Morris, Syn. p. 56. U. S., Canada. Milbertii {furcillata). Bdvl. & Lee. t. 51: Say, t. 27: Doubleday & W. t. 26: Harris, f. 125. United States. British N. A. Genus 21. PYRAMEIS. atalanta. Ohenu. f. 212: Harris, f. 120: Herbst. t. 180; Wood. t. 1 : Esper Eur. t. 14. United States. British N. A.. Mexico. West Indies. cardui, Harris, p. 291: Esper Eur. t. lOJ; Chenu, f. 213-^: Wood, t. 1. United States. British N. A.. Mexico. West Indies. Central America, carye. Hubner, Exot. f. . United States. huntera (iole. cardui-virginiensis), Cramer. 1. 12 % : Abbot AS. t. 9 J : Wood, t. 53 ; Herbst. t. 178 -J, 179 ? ; Drury, I. t. 5 9 : Bdvl. & Lee. t. 48 9 . U. States, Mexico, British N. A. Genus 22. JUNONIA. COBuia' ^ (larinia, genoveva, cvarete, orythia). Bdvl. & Lee. t. 49 : Abbot & S. t. 8 ; Herbst, t. 225 % t.226 J ; Cramer, t. 290 % t. 203 J ; Lucas, t. 61 var. United States. Mexico, West Indies. epaphus. Humboldt k B. t. 35. Central America. Genus 23. CYNTHIA. Unrepresented. Genus 24. ANARTIA. amalthea (amathea!), Doubleday & W. t. 24: Lucas, P. E. t. 58: Duncan, t. 15: Cramer, t. 209: Chenu. f. 215. Mexico, Central America. ■ fatima. Hubner-Geyer. f. 813: Donovan. India, t. 31. Central America, jatrophae. Herbst. t. 172: Cramer, t. 202: Morris, Syn. p. 62. United States. W. Indies, Central America, lytraea (chryaopelia), Hiibner-Geyer, f. 547 : Godart, E. M. IX. Wt-st Indies. Genus 25. CYBDELIS. hyperipte, Hubner, Exot. f. . United States, West Indies, orphisus [monima/] Herbst, t. 222: Cramer, t. 42. West Indies, Cent. America, pandama. Chenu. f. 217 : Doubleday k W. t. 27. Mexico. Genus 26. MYSCELIA. ' -^ antholia. i % 9 . United States, British N. A. dissippus (misippus! ai-chippus), Harris, p. 282 : Herbst, t. 158'^: Cramer, t. II) %: Bdvl. cfe Lee. t. 55. United States, West Indies, eulalia. Edwards. Proc. A. N. S. Pa. 1862 % J: Doubleday & W. t. .36: Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852. United States. Lorquinii. Morris, Syn. p. 66 : Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852. United States. Ursula icphesti'm). Harris, p. 283 : Abbot & S. t. 10 *£ 9 ; Stoll, t. 25 : Bdvl. .t Lee. t. 5.". 9. United States. Weidemeyerii. Morris, Syn. p. 327 %: Edwards, Proc. A. N. S. Pa. 1861. U. S. Genus 55. HETEROCHROA. aryale. Ann. Nat. Hist. XX. t. 20. West Indies. Bredowii (eulalia), Hubner-Geyer, f. 825 ; Doubleday & W. t. 36. Me.xieo. dionysa. Ann. Nat. Hist. XX. t. 20. Mexico. fessonia, Menetries, Cat. St. P. p. 119: Ann. Nat. H. XX. t. 20. Cent. America, galania. Lucas. P. E. t. 68. Mexico, West Indies, Central America, serpa (basilea. iphicla; cythera is 9 )• Lucas, t. 68 9 : Cramer, t. 188 % . t. 376 9 : Bdvl. Sp. Gen. t. 8 : Herbst, t. 148 ^ 9 . W. Indies, Cent. America. Genus 56. DIADEMA. bolina' ». Drury. I. t. 14 9 : Herbst, t. 244 % : Cramer, t. 65 -^ . West Indies? Genus 57. GODARTIA. Unrepresented. Genus 58. ROMAL.ffi;OSOMA. Unrepresented. Genus 59. EURYPHENE. Unrepresented. Genus 60. ATERICA. Unrepresented. Genus 61. HARMA. Unrepresented. Genus 62. ADOLIAS. Unrepresented. Genus 63. ENISPE. Uurepresentetl. Genus 64. EURIPUS. Unrepresented. Genus 65. HERONA. Unrepresented. Genus 66. SYMPH^DRA. Unrepresented. 1864.] 528 Genus Cu. MENERIS. Unrepresented. Genus 68. SMYRNA. Blomfildia {heUa. proserpine), Iliibuer. Exot. f. : Herbst, VIII. p. 286: Go- dart, E. M. IX. Mexico, Central America. Karwinskii, Chenu, f. 501 : Htibner-Geyer, f. . Doubleday & W. t. United States, Mexico. Genus 69. AGRIAS. aedon. Chenu. t. 35 ; Hewitson, t. . Central America. Claudia, Herbst, t. 226. Central America. Genus 70. PREPONA. demophoon-O {pheridamas, amphimachus, sisi/phus), Cramer, t. 158; Lucas, P. E. t. 73; Hubner, Exot. f. ; Herbst, t. 27, 28; Chenu, f. 262; Es- per Ausl. t. 53. "West Indies. Genus 71. PANDORA. Unrepresented. Genus 72. AGANISTHOS. orion (danae) Cramer, t. 84; Herbst, t. 35: Lucas, P. E. t. 66; Chenu, f. 264; Bdvl. Sp. Gen. t. 8 ; Bdvl. & Lee. t. 52. United States, Mexico, W. Indies, Central America. Genus 73. APATURA. callianira, Menetries, Cat. St. P. t. 2 ^ . Central America, celtis, Bdvl. & Lee. t. 57 ; Morris, Syn. p. 68. United States. clyton, Bdvl. & Lee. t. 56; Morris, Syn. p. 68. United States. laure, Drury. II. t. 17; Herbst, t. 167. West Indies, Central America. pavonii (theodora), Herr.-Sch. Exoten, f. 101 , Humb. Cramer, t. 330 %, t. 22 9 ; Dou- bleday & W. t. 36. United States, Mexico, W. Indies, Cent. America. Genus 78. PROTOGONIUS. fabius {hippoiia, cecrops), Chenu, f. 271 %: Esper, Ausl. t. 54 '^ : Drury, III. t. 16 9 ; Herbst, t. 67 '^ ; Duncan, t. 10 % ; Cramer, t. 90 '^ ; Donovan, India, t. 35 'J, . Central America. Genus 79. HYPNA. clytemnestra -^ i . Cramer, t. 137 % . t. 364 9 ; Herbst. t. 59 % 9 : (Jhenu, f. 272 ; Lucas, P. E. t. 64 9. West Indies. 524 [March Genus 80. CYMATOGRAMMA. echemus, Clieiui, f. 273; Doiibleday & W. t. -19. Central America. Genus 81. PAPHIA. ^-i astyanax ( portia, iroglodyta), Herbst, t. hi %; Cramer, t. 3.37 %,. United States, Mexico, We.st Indies. didea, ? Central America. electra, Hewitson, t. 46. Mexico. glycerium, Chenu, f. 499; Doubleday k W. t. 50; Morris, Syn. p. B7 '^ 9 • U. States, Mexico, West Indies, portia, Godart, E. M IX. West Indies. pleione, ? West Indies, verticordia, Hiibner, Exot. f. 659. West Indies. Genus 82. SIDEEONE. ellops, Menetries, Cat. St. P. t. 3 '^ , p. 88 '^ 9 • Central America, ide, Bdvl. Sp. Gen. t. 8. West Indies. isidora, Cramer, t. 235 %, 9 ■ Herbst, 1. 150 %, 9 ^ Donovan, India, t. 33 % . Mexico. Central America. marpesia {marthesius .'), Cramer, t. 191; Herbst, t. 132. Mexico. Rogerii - 3 (ide). Lucas, P. E. t. 67. West Indies, syntyche. Hewitson, t. 55. Mexico. Genus 83. BIA. Unrepresented. Genus 84. HETEROPSIS. Unrepresented. Genus 85. KALLIMA. Unrepresented. Genus 86. AMATHUSIA. Unrepresented. Genus 87. ZETIXIDIA. Unrepresented. Genus 88. DISCOPHORA. Unrepresented. Genus — undetermined. aidea. Guerin, p. 478. Central America. idyia. Hubner-Geyer, f. . West Indies. Remarks on Family •' Nymphalis." 1. May prove to be a variety of (7. c^e^tYa. 2. Herbsts' aad Cramer's figures are unsatisfactory. By some authors E. claudia and E. hegesia are supposed to be distinct. 3. A supposed variety of A. chan'dea. 4. Herbsts' and Cramer's figures are coarse, and tawdry in coloring. 1864.] 525 Until lately this species has been confouiuleil with ^1. aphrodite — which latter is larger and more tawny and more dusky in coloring. 5. A. ashtarotli is a suffused variation of A. idalia. 6. The inferior sur- face distinguishes it readily from A. hdlona. 1. According to Felder (^Neues Lcpidopterori) M. ni/cteis, isvieria, tharos, and others, in con- sequence of having hairy palpi, belong to the genus Eresia. 8. There is uncertainty about this species ; the figures given much resemble M. tharos % . 9. May prove a variety of M. anicki. 10. Supposed to be a climatical development of M. tha)-os. 11. Mistaken by most authors for the European G. C-alhum. VI. There are two varieties : Bdvl. and Lee. represent one with light colored hind wings, whilst others figure the dark variety. 13. Cramer's figure is badly colored. 14. T. genoveva and /. larina are propably climatical developements of the same insect. 15. This genus is in bad repute : the individuals hith- erto classed in it will probably partly be placed under Ci/bdc/is and partly undergo a new generic distribution. 16. Said to be the 9 of Epicalia numilia. 17. A supposed variety of i/. car/ma. 18. Herbsts' and Cramer's representations are too dark in coloring ; Lucas' repre- sentation is too faintly colored. 19. The nativity of this species is not well determined. 20. Both outlines and coloring of Lucas' figure dif- fer much from Herbsts' and Cramer's ; the former seems done with greater care, and will probably prove most reliable. 21. Subject to much variation. 22. Some confusion among several species. Didea. glycer'mm, portla and pleione are somewhat uncertain, and may be partly synonymous. 23. By some authors supposed to be a variety of one of the sexes of S. ide. 8th ftimily Morpiio. Genus 1. CLEROME. UnrepresenttHi. Genus 2. DRUSILLA. Unrepresenti'd. Genus 3. THATJMANTIS. Unrepresented. Genus 4. MORPHO. polyphemus. Chenu, t. 34: Doubleday & W. t. 55. Mexico. Genus 5. CALIGO. aesacus. Herr.-Sch. Ausl. f. 3. Mexico. uranus (telemachus), Herr.-Sch. Ausser. t'. 1. Mexico. 526 [March Genus (i. DASYOPHTHALMA. rusina (lycaoa), Lucas, P. E. t. 78 : Cheuu, f. 280 ; Doubleday & W. t. jo. Mexicit. Genus 7. OPSIPHANES. Boisduvalii, Chenu, f. 281 ; Doubleday & W. t. 57. Mexico. Genus 8. DYNASTOR. Napoleon, Chenu, t. 33 9 ; Doubleday & W. t. JS 9 ; Herr.-S. Ausser. f. 7'.t % . Central America. Genus 9. PENETES. Unre}3resi:'iiti'd. Genus 10. NAROPE. Unrepresented. 9tli family Brassolis. Genus 1. BRASSOLIS. ' Unrepresented. 10th family Satyrus. Genus 1. DICTYS. Unrepresented. Genus 2. CORADES. Unrejiresented. Genus 3. TAYGETIS. andromeda {thamyra, laches), Herbst, t. 192, t. 19i; Cramer, t. 96 '^, t. 242 J. Central America. mermeria, Herbst, t. 192 -^ 9; Cramer, t. 96 "J,, t. 289 9. Central America. virgilia {rebecca), Herbst, t. 193 ; Cramer, t. 96. Central America. Genus 4. PRONOPHILA. patrobas. T. E. S. London, 1862, t. 6 ^ 9 . Mexico. Genus 5. DEBIS. portlandia {andromacha), Morris, Syn. p. 79: Bdvl. & Lee. t. 58 ^ 9 • Grosse. p. 246 9 ; Say, t. 36 '^ . United States, Canada. Genus 6. CYLLO. Unrepresented. Genus 7. ZOPH(ESSA. Unrepresriitrd. Genus 8. GNOPHODES. Unrepresented. Genus 9. HAETERA. andromeda (menander ; philis is var.; pireta), Drury, III. t. 38 ; Herbst, t. 84 : ( 'ra- nier, t. 15, t. 387 var. West Indies, Central America. diaphana. Boisduval — ? West Indies. luna, Hewitson, t. 33 ; Godart, E. M. IX, Central America. 1864.] ■ 5L>7 Genus 10. CAEROIS. Unrepresented. Genus 11. COELITES. Unrepresented. Genus 12. OEINOMA. Unrepresented. Genus 1.3. NEORINA. Unrepresented. Genus 14. TISIPHONE. hercyna, Chenu, f. ^^0^^ ; Doubleday i [March Genus 20. CHIONOBAS. '^ bore ■"■ itaygete), Meigen, t. 30 : Herr-S. Europ. f. 11<» onb/ : Wiener. E. M. 1863. % 9 • Arctic America. chryxus. Edwards, Pr. E. S. Pa. 1863 -J, 9>: Doubleday A W. t. 64: Hiibner ? United States. crambis. Freyer, t. 440. Arctic America, jutta • [balder), Iliibner, Europ. f. 614, 615: Herr-S. Eur. f. n6<-n]8. 3S4a388: Guerin, Icones. t. 80: Wiener, E. M. 1863 % ?: Hubner-Geyer. f. 982, 983. Ency. Brittanica, f. . British N, A., Arctic America. oeno. Herr-S. Europ. f. 381 %, 123 k 124 J: Bdvl. Icones, t. 39: Wiener, E. M. 1863 % 9 . British N. A. semidea-' {also, fortimata), Wiener, E. M. 1863 % 9; Herr-S. Eur. f. \V2 a 115; Say, t. 50: Harris, f. 126, Morris. Syn. p. 80. United States. taygete ihootes). Hiibner. Eur. f. l,025al,028 : Bdvl. Icones, t. 37; Wiener. E. M. 1863 % 9 : Herr-S. Europ. f. 391, 392. Brit. N. A., Arctic Anj. Genus 21. ARGE. Unrepresented. Genus 22. LASIOMMATA. Unrepresented. Genus 23. SATYRUS. alope [nephele is var.), Morris, Syn. p. 76 : Harris, f. 127 ; Bdvl. it Lee. t. 59 9 . United States. ariane. Morris, Syn, p, 77: Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % 9 . United States. lysius. Menetries, Bull. Mosc. III. West Indies, pegala. Morris. Syn. p. 77; Fabricius, Syst. E. United States. polixenes, Fabricius, Syst. Ent. III. United States. sylvestris, Morris, Syn. p. 327 % 9; Edwards, Pr. A. N. S. 1861 'S 9 • U. States. sthenele. Morris, Syn. p. 77: Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % 9 . United States. Genus 21. MYCALESIS. OStrea iotrea.'). Hul)uer-Geyer, t. 79. United States. Genus 25. YPTHIMA. philomela. Hulmer, f. 83. United States. Genus 26. 30EN0NYMPHA. californica. Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852: Doubleday & W. t. 66. United States, galactiua. Morris. Syn. p. 80; Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % 9 . United States. inornata, Morris, Syn. p. 328 % 9 : Edwards. Pr. A. N. S. Pa. 1801 % 9 . United States, British N. A. ochracea, Morris, Syn. p. 328 '^ 9 = Edwards, Pr. A. N. S. Pa. 1861 % 9 . fniled States, British N. A. Genus 27. CALISTO. hysius, Godart, E. M. IX. West Indies. herophile, IIubner-Geyer, f. 269. West Indies, Central America, zangis {agncs), Hcrbst, f. 203 9; Cramer, t. 325 9: Doubleday &. W. i. %. United States. West Indies. 1>:64.] 529 Genus 2S. STEROMA. Unrepresented. Genus 29. LYMANOPODA. Unrejjresentod. Genus — uncertain. alerophila. Hiibner, Exot. f. . West Indies. Remarks on familv '• Satyrus." 1 . A rloubtful species. 2. The synonymns of most species are some- what confused, and much uncertainty has prevailed in the distinction of kinds from varieties. An excellent and useful monograph on this ijenus. by Moschler. mav be found in the Wiener Entomologische Mo- naUrhrift for l!^63. 8. Said to be a local variety of C taj/gete. 4. The best figures given by various authors are here indicated. 5. Our C. xrmitJea hy some is supposed to be synonymous with C. a/so. 11th family Eurytela. ' {Bt'b/is.) Genus 1. MELANITIS. ceryx "-'. Bdvl. Sp. Gen. t. 8. Mexico. Genus 2. DIDONIS. aganissa. Bdvl. Sp. Gen. t. 9. Mexico, biblis ihyporia, thadana), Cramer, t. 236: Chenu. f. 490: Lucas, P. E. t. fil. W. Indies. pasira. Doubleday & W. t. :^1. Central America. Genus 3. CYSTINEUEA. amymone, Menetries, Cat. St. P. t. 9 p. 123. U. States, Mexico, Cent. America. mardania ihcrsilia), Doubleday & W. t. 31: Cramer, t.213: Bdvl. Sp. Gen. t.9? "West Indies. Genus 4. OLINA. [OlimaJ) Unrepresented. Genus 5. EUEYTELA. teleboas. Menetries. Bull. Mosc. III. t. 10. West Indies. Genus 6. ERGOLIS. Unrejircsented. Genus 7. HYPANIS. Unrepresented. Remarks on family '' Eurytela." 1. By most entomologists the entire arrangement and generic distri- bution of this family is deemed unsatisfactory. 530 [March r2th family Libythea. motya (Bachmanii is var.), Bdvl. & Lee. t. 04 ; Morris, Syn. p. 63. U. S., W. Ind. terena. ? West Indies. loth family Erycina. Genus 1. EURYBIA. halimede, Ilubner. Exot. f. . Central America, lycisca, Doubleday 4.] 58f) mopsus, Morris, Syn. p. 102 % 9: Bdvl. A Lee. l. ;i4 % J; Hubner-Geyer. f- 13o. United States. M-album {psi/che is var.). Bdvl. & Lee. t. 2f). '27 % ^ : Morris, Syn. ]>. 92 % 9. United States. melinus (favonius), Bdvl. k Lee. t. 30 % 9 : Abbot & S. t. 14 -^ 9 : Morris. Syn. p. 05; Hiibner-Geyer, f. 121. United States. marius, Bdvl.—?: Herr-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1802. West Indies. nipha. Hiibner. Exot. 20.3. United States. niphon, Bdvl. &, Lee. t. 33 : Morris, Syn. p. 98 : Harris, f. 107 : Godart, K. M. IX. United States. paseo. Lefebure— ?: Herr-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1862. West Indies. pan. Driiry. II. t. 23 ; Herbst, t. 288. West Indies. poeas (beon), Morris, Syn. p. 103; Bdvl. & Lee. t. 35 '^ 9 = Hubner. Exot. f. United States, Mexico, Central America. Richardsonii. Bdv. A. S. E. F. British N, A. syncellus. Herbst, t. 287; Cramer, t. 331. Central America, smilacis, Morris, Syn. p. 98 ; Bdvl. & Lee. t. 33. United States. silenus*), (favonius, humidi), Bdvl. A Lee. t. 30; Hiibner-Geyer. f. Ill ; Harris. t. 4. p. 276 'J, 9. United States. simaethis, Drury. I. t. 1 ; Herbst, t. 289; Hiibner-Geyer. f. 423. U. S., W.Indies, sito, Bdvl. Sp. Gen. t. 22. Mexico, Central America, strigosa. Morris, Syn. p. 100; Harris, p. 276. United States, selenissa [silenus. agis, phaleros), Drury, III. t. 26 '^ ; Cramer, t. 282; Herbst, t. 292. Central America, sylvinus, Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % 9: Morris, Syn. p. 99. United States. saepium, Bdvl. A, S. E. F. 1852: Morris, Syn. p. 99. United States. toUus, Bdvl—? ; Herr-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1862. West Indies, viridis, Edwards, Pr. A. N. S. 1862. United States. Genus 12. LYCffiNA. ammon. Lefebure—?; Herr-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1S62. West Indies, astenides, Bdvl.—?; Herr-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1862. West Indies arnica, Edwards, P. E. S. Pa. 1863 %. British N. A. acmon (antaegon), Doubleday & W. t. 76 : Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 9 . U. States. anna. Morris. Syn. p. 329 % 9 ; Edwards, Pr. A. N. S. 1861 -^ 9 . U. States. aquila {Franklinii), Ross. II. P. E. f. ; Bdvl. leones, t. 12. British N. A.. Arctic America. Behrii, Edwards, Pr. A. N. S. 1862 % 9. United States. comyntas, Harris, p. 275 '^ 9 : Bdvl. & Lee. t. 36 : Morris, Syn. p. 83 -J, 9 . U. S. cassius, Herbst, t. 320 9 ; Cramer, t. 23 9: Swainson, t. 133 % 9. West Indies. Central America. fuliginosa, Morris, Syn. p. 330 % 9; Edwards, Pr. A. N. S. 1861'^ 9. U. States. hanno^ (vhahlt's.filenus. pseudopfiles), Bdvl. & Lee. t. 35 ^ 9 ; Poey, C. L. -J, 9; Herbst, t. 312 "J, ; Cramer, t. 390. United States. Mexico, W. Indies, Central America, humo, Herr-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1862. West Indies, heteronea, Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852. United States. 536 [March isophthalma, Ilerr-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1862 % . West Indies. lygdamus, Doubleday. Entomologist. M. British N. A. lucia, Ilan-is, p. 275'^ J: Morris, Syn. p. 90: Kirby, IV. t. .'5 '^ . U. S., Brit. N. A. neglecta [pseudargiolus), Bdvl. % 9 : Edwards. Pr. A. N. S. Pa. 18G2 % 9. United States. British N. A. pembina. Edwards, P. A.. N. 8.1862'^ 9 . British jST. A. pseudargiolus {argiolus), Abbot & S. t. 15 *£ 9- United States. pheres, Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852. United States. Scudderii, Edwards. Pr. A. N. S. Pa. 18(32 % 9: Morris, p. ;;20 % 9. Brit. X. A. Shasta, Edwards, Pr. A. N S. Pa. 1862 % 9 . United States. theonus. Lefebure?. t. 16; Herr-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1862. West Indies. Genus 13. DAMIS. Unrepresented. Genus U. CHRYSOPHANES. americanus (pMaeas). Harris, p. 273 : Morris. Syn. p. 91; Bdvl. & Lee. p. 12:!. United States, British N. A. dorcas, Morris, Syn. p. 90 ; Kirby, IV. t. 2 ; Doubleday & W. t. . U. States. British N. A. epixanthe, Bdvl. & Lee. t. 38, p. 127 -^ 9 ; Morris, Syn. p. 85. United States. thoe, Eucyel. Britt. f. % ^ ; Guerin, Icones, t. 81 -J, 9 ; Bdvl. & Lee. t. 38 % 9; Morris, Syn. p. 89 "^ 9 • United States, Canada. tarquinius {crataegi), Donovan, I. India, t. 41 % ; Doubleday & W. t. 77 ; Bdvl. k Lee. i.ZI %\ Morris. Syn. p. 85 -^ 9 ; Scudder. P. Essex. 1. 1863 9 . United States, British N. A. Genus 15. ZERITIS. Unrepresented. Genus 16. LUCIA. Unrepresented. Genus 17. MILETUS. Unrepresented. Genus 18. PENTILA. Unrepresented. (Jenus 19? POLYOMMATUS (Argufs). amyntula. Morris, Syn. p. 87 -^ 9 ; Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % 9 . United States. anthelle, Bdvl. MSS. British N. A. amicetus. Bdvl. MSS. British N. A. arota, Morris, Syn. p. 86 '^ 9 ; Bdvl. A. S. E. F. I.s52 % 9. United Stales. antiacis, Morris, Syn. p. 90 ^ 9; Bdvl. A. 8. E. F. 1852 % 9. United States. antiegon '•'. Morris, Syn. p. 87: Doubleday & W. t. 76: Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % 9. United States. autibubastes, Hubner, Exot. f. 99. United States. Donzelli, ? North America ! edna. Doubleday A W. t. 76. United States, eurytulus. Ilubner. Exot. f. West Indies. 1SG4.] 587 exilis. Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 %; Morris. Syn. p. S7. United States, enoptes. Bdvl. A. S. E. F. IS52 % : Morris, p. ST % . United States. gorgon, Morris. Syn. p. S6 ; Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % J. United States, hyphophlaeas. Morris, Syn. j). 84: Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852. United States, helloides. .Morris. Syn. p. S(\; Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 %. United States, heteronea, Morris. Syn. p. 81) % 9 : Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % ? . United States. icarioides. Morris, Syn. p. 87: Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % J. United States. porsenna i^. Doubleday & W. t. ; Seudder, Pr. Essex 1. 1SC.3 % . U. S..Brit.N. A. pheres, Morris, Syn. p. 89; Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % J. United States. piasus. Morris, Syn. p. 89 -J, J; Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % J. United States. saepiolus. Morris. Syn. p. 88 '^ J : Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % 9 . United States. xerces. Morris. Syn. p. 88 'J, 9 ; Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 % 9 . United States. xanthoides. Morris, Syn. p. 86 : Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852. United States. Remarks on family •■ Lyc.ena." 1. The genera Thccla, Li/csena, Poli/ommafus, Argus, Ohri/sop?ianex, etc., are partly confused, the species under these headings irregularly cla.s.sified, and their specific characters faintly defined. Hence the arrangement and grouping of species is unreliable. 2. T. aKbiindana is probably identical with T. smilacis. 8. T. halliston is supposed to be identical with T. falacer. 4. T. hi/perlon is supposed to be a va- riety of T. favonius. 5. The coloring of Lucas' figure differs much from that of Cramer and Herbst : the reflexion of light probably dis- plays variable colors in this insect. 6. Boisduval and Leconte's figures are unreliable. 7. The figures of cited authors do not quite agree in form nor in coloring ; Herbsts' and Cramer's cannot be depended on ; the 9 iu Bdvl. & Lee. is incorrectly marked, and too dark and too brown in coloring. 8. Supposed to be the % of G. tarquiniu^. 9. Pro- bably identical with Lijcaena acmon. 15th family " Hesperia." ' Genus 1. PYRRHOPYGA. Jonas. Felder, W. E. M. 1859 9- Mexico. phidias {ipMs, acastus), Cramer, t. 41 %, 199 9 : Godart, E. M. IX. C. America, scylla. Menetries, Cat. St. P. t. 4 %. Central America. Socrates, Menetries, Cat. St. P. t. 4 'J, . Central America. Genus 2. ERYCIDES. mancinus. Herr.-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1862. West Indies, vulcanus, Cramer, t. 245. West Indies. Genus 3. GONIURIS {Eudamus). braohius (don/ssus), Hubner-Geyer, f. 609; Swainson, t. 48 9 • Central America. cariosa (Santiago). Herr.-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1862. West Indies. 538 [March catillus, Cramer, t. 200: Godart, E. M. IX. U. .States. Mexico, Cent. America, decussata, Menetries, Cat. St. P. t. 5 'J, . West Indies, eudoxus, Cramer, t. 366: Godart, E. M. IX. Central America, eurycles. Ilubuer, Exot. f. : Godart, E. M. IX. Central America, habana. Herr.-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1863. West Indies. lycidas. Morris. Syn. p. 106 : Bdvl. & Lee. t. 71 : Abbot & S. t. 20 9 . U. States, metophis, Bdvl. Sp. Gen. t. 13: Godart. Ency. M. IX. Central America. proteus, Cramer, t. 260: Bdvl. ct Lee. t. 60: Abbot & 8m. t. IS 1: Cheuu. f. :i7l. United States, Mexico, West Indies, Central America. tarchon, Ilubner, Exot. f. . West Indies, Central America. Genus 4. GONILOBA {Eudamus). antoninus. Morris. Syn. p. 113; Godart, E. M. IX. United States. Britisli X. A. anaphus, Cramer, t. 178; Godart, E. M. IX. Central America. arcalaus, Cramer, t. 391. Central America. bathyllus, Harris, p. 312 : Morris, Syn. p. 113: Bdvl. ct Lee. t. 74 -^ 9 : Abbot k S. t. 22 '^ 9 . United States, cellus, Bdvl. & Lee. t. 73; Morris, Syn. p. lO.j. United States. corydon. Fabricius, — ? West Indies, celaenus. Cramer, t. 393. Central America, dubius, Cramer, t. 354; Godart, E. M. IX. West Indies, egens (maysi), Herr.-S. C. B. Z. M. V. 1862: Lel'ebure,— ? West Indies. exadeus {socus), Cramer, t. 260; Doubleday !(U.] 589 textor. irubiier-Geyer, f. iAo. Uuited States. tryxus, Crampr, t. '.i^l; Hiibner, Exot. f. . Central America. Genus S. NISONIADES (TAa/iaos). areas (fi/as,phUemon), Drury, I. t. 19: Cramer, t. .■J28. West Indies. brizo. Karris, p. .309: Morris, Syn. p. 1 U -^ J : Bdvl. & Lee. t. fi6 ^ ? . Unil.-d States, Canada. Catullus -1, Abbot 40 [March Leonardus, Morris, Syn. p. 110 % J; Harris, f. 138, p. 314 ^ 9. United States. mystic, Soudder. Pr. Essex. I. ISO;] % 9; Edwards, Pr. E. S. Pa. ^9>C,?i. t. I -^ 9 . United States. mandan. Edwards, Pr. E. S. Pa. 186.'?. t. 0 ^ 9 . United States. mesogramma, Poey, Cent. L. 'J, 9; Godart, E. M. IX. West Indies. numitor '< {puer. maruiaatus). Donovan, India, t. 44: IIiibner-Geyer, f. 27.3: Mor- ris, Syn. p. 120: Harris, f. 131. United States. nemorum. Bdvl. A. S. E. F. IS.52 %\ Morris. Syn. p. 107 %. United States. nero, Godart. E. M. IX. West Indies. ocola, Edwards, Pr. E. S. Pa. 1S6.3 % 9. United States. omaha, Edwards. Pr. E. S. Pa. 186.3 % . United States. pontiac. Edwards, Pr. E. S. Pa. 1863 % 9. United States. papinianus, Poey, Cent. L. % . West Indies. pratincola, Morris, Syn. p. 108 ^ 9 ; Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 18.-.2 % 9 . United States. pustula. IIubner-Geyer, f. 625. United States. Peckius, Morris, Syn. p. 120: Kirby, t. 4. Harris, p. .31,)^ 9. U. S , Brit. N. A. phylaeus, Morris, Syn. p. 118 -^ 9 : Bdvl. & Lee. t. 78 ^ 9 . U. States. W. Ind. rurea. Edwards, P. A. N. S. Pa. 1800 % 9. United States. ruricola, Morris. Syn. p. 108; Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 %. United States. sylvanoides, Morris, Syn. p. 107 % 9: Bdvl. A, S. E. F. 1852 ^9. U. States. sabuleti, Morris. Syn. p. 109 % 9: Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 ^ 9. United States. sylvanus, Wood, t. 3; Esper, Europ. t. 36. United States. thaumas '' (origenes), Morris, Syn. p. 619 'J, 9 = Donovan, India, t. 48 : Esper. Eur. t. 36, 98. United States. uncas, Edwards, Pr. E. S. Pa. 1863, t. 6 'J, 9 . United States. verna. Edwards, Pr. E. S. Pa. 1862 % 9. United States. vibex, Hiibner, Exot. f. 085. West Indies. vitellius f* ( Druri/i, phocion, bucephalus), Bdvl. & Lee. t. 75 % 9' Abbot Sc Sm. t. 17 'J, 9- United States, Mexico, Central America. vestris, Morris, Syn. p. 109: Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852. United States vialis. Edwards, Pr. A. N. S. 1862. United States. wyandot, Edwards, Pr. E. S. Pa. 1863, t. 5 '^ 9 United States. zarox, Hubner, E.xot. f. 133. Mexico. zabulon, Bdvl. & Lee. t. 76: Morris, Syn. p. 116. United States. zephodes. Fabricius, — ? Hubner, Exot. f. . West Indies. Genus — uncertain, ahaton {ce7->ics). Morris, Syn. p. Ill 'J, 9 ; Harris, f. 140 % 9 • ^cudder, Esse.x. 1863 % 9. United States. cassander. Fabricius — ? West Indies. Cornelius. Latreille — ? West Indies. caespitatis, Morris, Syn. p. 121: Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852. United States. centaureae, Herr. S. Europ. f. la 3. Labrador, ethlius. Cramer, t. 392. West Indies. ericetorum. Morris. Syn. p. 122 '^ 9 : Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852 ^ 9 . U. S., Mexic- exadeus, (Jramer. t. 260. Central America. hegon. Scudder, Essex. 1803 9 ■ United States. 1864.] •"'41 Lesueur. Morris, Syn. p. 118: Goclart. E. M. IX. United States. West Indies. livida I .S'rti'f'g'^y), Hiibner, Exot. f. ; Latreille— ? West Indies. metea. Seuddor, Pr. Essex I. 1S63. United States. massasoit. Seudder, Pr. Essex I. lSO:i. United States. metacomet, Morris, Syn. p. Ill; Harris, p. 317 % 9- United States. monoco. S, •udder, Pr. Essex I. 18fi3 % 9- United States. manataaqna (cemes), Scudder, Pr. Essex I. ISfi;! % 9 '• Harris, p. ;!U) % . U. States. napa, Eil wards. — ? United States. nero. (lodart, E. M. IX. West Indies. origenes '-', Donovan, India, t. 48. United States? oneko, Scudder, Pr. Essex I. 186:5. United States. otho, Atjbot & S. t. 16 -^ 9 . United States. pocahontas. Scudder, Pr. Essex I. 186:3. United States. paniscus. Esper, Eur. t. 28; Wood, t. 3. British Nortli America. panoquin, Scudder, Pr. Essex I. 1863. United States. ruralis. Morris, Syn. p. 121; Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852. United States. samoset, Scudder, Pr. Essex I. 1863. United States. scriptura, Morris, Syn. p. 121 , Bdvl. A. S. E. F. 1852. United States. sanguinea, IIubner-Geyer, f. 613. United States. sassacus (rarea), Morris, Syn. p. 110 9 : Harris, p. 315 9 : Scudder. Pr. Essex I. 1863 % 9 ; Edwards, Pr. A. N. S. Pa. 1862. United States. verna, Edwards. Pr. A. N. S. Pa. 1862 % 9 . United States. vialis, Edwards, Pr. A. N. S. Pa. 1862. United States. wamsutta (Peckius). Morris. Syn. p. Ill %: Harris, f. 141. United States. wingina, Scudde-, Pr. Essex I. 1863. United States. yrika, Edwards, — ? United States. zephodes. Fabrieius, — ?; Hiibner, Exot. f. . West Indies. Remarks on family " Hesperia." ' ]. No reliable .systemization of this family has been attempted by the compiler of this catalogue. A searching monograph on the " Hes- perians," by some capable hand would be very desirable. Doubleday left this portion of his work unfinished, and Westwood does not seem to have attended to it with necessary care and patient investiga- tion 2. May prove a variety of G. talus. 3. Walker (in British Museum Catalogue) supposes this species too closely allied with the '' Castinadae" to be continued among the " Hesperians." 4. Subject to variation. Many of the •' skippers" are so similar in form and col- oring that their sexes can only be determined with much difiiculty ; numerous varieties will probably for a long time continue catalogued as distinct species. 5. This genus is so unsettled and mixed up with that of Iloiperia proper, that it has seemed best for the pre.sent to re- fer the individuals that occasionally stand under this generic head to 54-i [March the genus Hesperia. 6. Donovan's figure is not quite reliable. 7. Confused and uncertain. 8. Confusion here ; the figures of Boisduval and Leconte and those of Abbot and Smith indicate different species. 9. Of doubtful -habitat." ADDENDA. In Index to Authorities. Kncyclopaidia Brittanica. edition 1855; article and plates on " Ento- mology." Gueriu. — " Iconographie du Regne Animal " ; part on Insects. Meigen. — ''Systematische Beschriebung der Europaischen Schmetter- linge." Scudder. — In "Proceedings of Essex Institute," Salem; 18B3. StoU. — Supplement to Cramer's " Papillon Exotiques." •• Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift." WeMwood & Humphrey . — " British Butterflies." Additional Species, &c. Papilio machaon. Descr. by European authorities. British North America. Euterpe bithys, Hiibner-Geyer, f. 467. Central America. Swainsonii, Griffith, t. 38. Central America. Pieris amathonte, Cramer, 1. 116 %, 3 9 . Central America. aripa, Bdvl. Sp. Gen. p. 528. Central America. demopkile {molphea), Clerck, t. 28. Central America. pyrrba {pamela), Cramer, t. 63 %,, 319 5: Lucas, t. 32. Central America. philete, Bdvl. Sp. Gen. p. 550 : Fabr. Syst. E. III. Central America. pandosia. Hewitson, t. 14, 39. Central America. Colias nastes (phicomene is synonymn). British N. A. CORRKIENDA. In Inde.x to Authorities. Marty)). — '• Psyche — figures of nondescript Lepidopterous Insects." liondon. In 1st family, genus 2, for "Orthoptera" read "Ornithoptera," To Gonepteryx rhamni^ add "Doubtful as American; G. Lorqniiti\ a very similar insect, has probably been mistaken for this species. 1K64.] • f)48 ORTHOPTEROLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS. H Y P. W . V II I, ER. GRYLLODP]A. GRYLLOTALPA, Lat. G. cultriger. Cinnamon-brown, rather less elongated than G.longipennis Scudder. The head fusceseent above ; ocelli very large, oblong-oval, placed ob- liquely, diverging posteriorly ; palpi, antennas and cheeks pale cinna- mon-yellow. Thorax of the ordinary form. Tegmina broad, long, cov- erin<>- the dorsum of the four basal segments of the abdomen, the ante- rior flap with no transverse nervures between the obliquely longitudi- nal ones; wings reaching the tip of the cerci, which are long and very slender. The anterior portion of the intermediate coxge and the fosso- rial dactyls almost to their bases, and a few prominences upon the an- terior coxae, black ; the dactyls shorter, broader and blunter than in G, longipennis. The process of the anterior coxfe is rather long, broad, acute at tip, cultrate ; the posterior tibite with a row of stout spines, beginning at the middle and becoming gradually longer to the tip. Lengths 27 millims. Length of thorax 8 millims. Posterior tibia 6| millims. Hah. El Paso. The unique specimen, a male, was kindly presented to me by Henry Ulke. Esq. PHYLL9PALPUS, nov. gen. Head depressed, broader than the thorax, front a little convex be- tween the antennas; eyes large, prominent, subglobose; ocelli not appa- rent; antennas at least twice the length of the body, almost capillary, situated upon the inferior line of the eyes, a little between them, the basal joint cylindrical, longer than broad ; maxillary 'palpi large, the joints hairy, the apical one much longer than the others, very broad, lamelliform, oval, the preceding joint subtriangular, much broader than the middle one, remainining joints subcylindrical, the basal ones gla- brous : thorax subcylindrical, narrower anteriorly, the anterior and pos- terior margin truncate, the lateral margin broadly recurved ; scutellum inconspicuous ; tegmina as long or longer than the body, wings nearly 544 • [March or quite the same length as the teginina : ovipositor-sheath compressed, curved upwards; abdomen small, nearly or quite concealed by the teg- mina; cercl slender, legs rather slender, anterior tibiae compressed at base and furnished with a tympanum, basal joints of all the tarsi very stout, cylindrical, longer than the two others together, the middle joint very short, hairy, posterior tibiae with a row of very long stout spurs each side behind, the basal tarsal joint of the hind legs armed with a long, stout, curved spur on the under side. P. pulchellus. Shining blackish brown ; head minutely punctured and together with the thorax bright crimson red ; antennae yellow, hairy, blackish at base, palpi blue-black, eyes brown ; thorax glabrous, rather more coarsely punctured than the head, especially at the base, the lateral recurved margin pale yellow, the middle impressed line abbreviated ; tegmina chestnut brown, the sides darker, with paler nervures; abdo- men blackish, cerci, ovipositor, coxfe, trochanters and legs pale yellow, tarsal joints and nails tipped with blackish. Length to tip of tegmina 7 millims. Ovipositor 3 J. Post, femur 5 millims. It inhabits Prince George County, Maryland ; commencing to be fully winged about the middle of August. It is found quite abundantly amongst the grass and low bushes near ditches, and jumps about with great rapidity ; the great length of the tarsal spurs no doubt greatly assisting it in so doing. I have also a female in my collection which was taken near the city of New York. OROCHARIS, nov. gen. Head narrower than the base of the thorax ; cranium more or less excavated 3 face very oblique ; front depressed between the eyes, pro- duced at the upper line of the antennfe and convex between the an- tenuai ; ocelli approximate, placed triangularly upon the depression of the front; eyes 'large, oval, prominent; antennae situated within the lower line of the eyes, and a little between them, setaceous, almost capillary, more than thrice the length of the body; maxillary palpi having the basal joints short, the third joint longest, cylindrical, the fourth shorter than the fifth, slightly thickened at tip, apical joint somewhat dolabriform, obliquely truncated. Thorax narrower than the tegmina, truncated anteriorly, middle line impressed. Tegmina much ls(34.] 545 longer than the abdomen, very regularly reticulated, tapering posteri- orly, wings (when fully developed) much longer than the tegmina. Anterior tibise thickened, femoi-a short, robust. Tarsi of the two pairs of anterior feet with the basal joints dilated, the middle joint about two-thirds the length of the basal one, the apical joint very slender, nearly as long as the two preceding ones together. Spurs at the apex of the basal joint acutely recurved, longer than the middle joint. Ovi- positor curved, of the normal form ; cerci rather long, and slender. 0. saltator. Pale clay-yellow, lustrous; head with a fuscous line behind the eyes, the upper side of which is margined with a pale streak, face and cheeks pale, almost white, dotted with fuscous, front and vertex more or less clouded with fuscous, antennae and palpi annulated and the eyes ob- liquely striated with fuscous, upper surface of the head covered with short pile. Thorax pilous, with a more or less depressed, irregular, longitudinal fuscous line upon the middle and a broad one each side below which touches the latero-dorsal margins, corresponding to and continous with that upon the head, the inferior marginal surface pale, sides flat, smooth, subquadrate, the angles moderately rounded. Teg- mina tapering towards the tip, the apex triangularly rounded and reach- ing almost to the tip. of the cerci, the base more or less tinged with fuscous and the nervures with fuscous interruptions, dorso-lateral ner- vure pale yellowish, the lateral flaps broader than the depth of the abdomen and almost enveloping it, with the nervures of this part fus- cous at base. Tergum polished, darker than the other parts of the body, ovipositor pitchy at back and tip, cerci very hairy, sprinkled with fuscous, tarsal joints more or le.ss fuscous at base and tip, spines of the posterior tibia? long, slender, tipped with fuscous, nine large ones each side and a number of shorter ones, basal joint of the posterior tarsi with a row of gradually increasing spines each side above, three in number and two long spurs at the apex, which project beyond the tip of the second joint and are curved upward at tip Length to tip of abdomen 14 millims. Tegmina 14t millims. Ovi- positor 11 millims. Posterior femur 0 millims 5 • Length to tip of abdomen 12 millims. Tegmina 11 V millims. Posterior femur 7 mil- lims % . This species is found in great abundance upon hedges of Crataegus, bW [March near the city of Baltimore, during the months of September and Oc- tober. The male is rather smaller than the female, his posterior legs are shorter and the veins of the dorsal area of the tegmina being very few, the fuscous interruptions are also much less numerous. Speci- mens have also occasiually been taken upon the Oak. HAPITHUS, nov. gen. FoiTu short and robust, the males a little more elongated. Head almost globose, narrower than the base of the thorax, hairy above, face very oblique, cranium very convex, front with a broad longitudinal ridge ; eyes globose, deeply seated, ocelli small, placed as in Nemohiu)i^ Serv. Antennae thrice the length of the body to tip of abdomen, seta- ceous, becoming capillary at the tip. situated within the lower line of the eyes, a little between them, the basal joint very much thicker than the succeeding ones, cylindrical. Maxillary palpi stout, longer than the f;ice. the apical joint as long as the 2d and 3d together, subdola- briform at tip, moderately obliquely truncated, the third and fourth cylindrical, the former about one-third longer than the fourth. Thorax clothed with long hairs above, with no carina at the superior boundary of the sides, the inferior margins of the sides strongly rounded, and the sides a little depressed anteriorly and posteriorly interior to the edge, the dorsal surface somewhat rounded, its anterior margin trun- cated. Tegmina not covering the apex of the abdomen, the reticula- tion of the discoidal field very ramose % , and the apical portion like- wise in the 9 1 the latero-dorsal nervure very carinately elevated, the longitudinal nervures beneath it also very prominent, wings rudimental. Cerci very long, slender, clothed with very long hairs; the ovipositor of the normal shape, slender, curved upwards. Legs very hairy, the posterior femora robust, compressed, the anterior femora very slightly compressed below the knee, with the tympanal cavity small and incon- spicuous, posterior tibia3 with long slender spines which are curved at the tip, and between them each side is a continuous row of short den- ticles; spurs of the basal joint of the posterior tarsi at least 6 in num- ber, the apical one each side reaching the tip of the second joint, the last joint slender. H. agitator. Pale dull fulvous, face yellowish-white, dotted and sprinkled with fuscous ])oints, cranium fulvous, densely clothed with yellowish pubes- ISIU.] .-)47 cence ; eyes pale brown; ocelli white, the basal joints of the antenna? dotted with brown ; palpi spotted with brown, the apex of the terminal joint fuscous. Thorax densely covered with brownish-yellow hair, the lateral, anterior and posterior margins pale, the edge of the two latter sometimes pointed with brown. Tegmina barely reaching the tip of the antepenultimate segment, having the apex triangular upon the ex- terior flap and rounded upon the interior one, the nervures with a tinge of ferruginous-yellow, occasionally marked with brown, the longitudinal nervure of the anterior margin 9 very stout, parallel, with very few cross-nervules. those of the disk very irregular, and not very promi- nent, the lateral bounding nervure white, the lateral flaps broad, em- bracing the abdomen in its whole depth at base. Tergum closely sprinkled with reddish-brown, and spotted with fuscous at sides and towards the apex ; venter yellow, sometimes spotted with brown ; ovi- positor with a narrow brown line extending along its length, the tip piceous. Legs hairy, dotted with brown^ the apices of the tarsal joints fuscous, spines of the posterior tibia3 about 10 in number, shining yel- low, and fuscous at tip, the apex of the posterior femora dusky. Length to tip of abdomen 10 millims. Ovipositor 8 millims. Pos- terior femur 8 millims. Posterior tibia 8-} millims. It inhabits Urape vines and dense shrubbery near Baltimore, and is found fully developed about the middle of September. The descrip- tion is taken from specimens of several months standing ; the living- insect is brighter and lighter in its coloring. The male is very scarce, only a single specimen has occurred to me in several years collecting. GRYLLTJS. Linn. G. personatns. Pale yellow, form of G. ncglectus, Scudder. Head minutely slia- greened above, yellow, with some vestiges about the antennas and a short transverse band between the eyes, black, the cranial surface is covered by a large black spot, which is incised anteriorly, each side of the middle, and above each eye, immediately below the middle ocellus the surface is indented, forming a short transverse impression ; eyes black, surrounded with a narrow yellow edge ; cheeks prominent; tips of the mandibles piceous ; basal joints of the antennas more or less brownish. Thorax black upon the dorsal surface, the sides yellow. with a blackish spot above the middle, the very narrow elevated sub- b-iS [March margiu.s piceoiis; the middle dorsal line strongly indented. Tegmina dusky-fuscescent. whitish yellow at base and sides, reaching to the penultimate segment, the nervures deep brown, excepting upon the sides, where they are yellow ; wings of about the same length as the tegmina. Tergum black, the edges of the seo;meuts and a few broader stripes at the lateral edges of the three last segments, and the cerci. yellow. Venter yellow, with a i-ow of black dots each side. Oviposi- tor about the same as in G. neglecfus, Scudd. Legs yellow, the poste- rior femora exteriorly having the oblique ridges of the posterior portion and a spot just before and one upon the patella brown, the interior sur- face superiorly is closely spotted with fuscous; posterior tibifc beneath, and the tips of the spines piceous. Length from front to end of abdomen 15 millims. Ovipo.sitor loi millims. Posterior femur 10 millims. Hub. Kansas. The only specimen which I have seen is a female, and was kindly given to me by Mr. Henry Ulke. The vertex has a deep indentation upon it, but as it shows slight evidences of a crack at that point, it may have been occasioned by being crushed. The antenna? and cerci ai-e for the most part broken off of this specimen. LOCUSTIXA. CAMPTONOTUS, nov. gen. Form similar to Ceutliophilns, Scudd. Head large, oval, much broader than the prothorax and not deeply sunken into it. Eyes ovate, verti- cal, situated ou the sides but little behind the basal joint of the an- tennae, and exceeding it a little in length. Face, vertex and cheeks convex. Maxillary palpi long, the last joint as long as the preceding one, a very little inflated at the tip. Antennae at least five times the length of the body without the ovipositor. Pronotum trapezoidal, the sides not carried downwards as far as the lower line of the eyes, the lateral margins somewhat broadly recurved ; meso- and meta-notum very small, confined to the dorsum and not prolonged downwards upon the sides, their transverse diameter thus being but little more than half that of the pronotum, their sides also recurved. Females essentially ap- terous. Dorsal segments of the abdomen about equal in length, the two posterior ones shorter than the rest ; cerci very short, slender, hairy. 1864.] 549 Ovipositor ensiform, curved upwards, compressed, acute. Legs very short, moderately stout; the anterior and middle tibioe slightly incurved near the base, having a row of four long spines each side beneath ; posterior femora with a few short teeth underneath, near the tip ; pos- terior tibijB with distant very short spines each side behind. Tarsi stout, 4-jointed. with split cushions beneath, the first joint equal in length to the two following ones conjoined. C. Scudderi. Ochi'aceo-testaceous, yellowish-white beneath. Face pale yellow, tips of the mandibles and eyes black ; the head anteriorly very moderately convex, produced downwards and narrow at tip, epistoma trapezoidal, transverse, much shorter than the labrum, labrum cordate, emarginate at tip, longer and narrower than the epistoma, palpi long and slender. with a minute rounded joint at the tip. Dorsum of the abdomen deeper in color than the other surface, becoming paler inferiorly, the posterior edges of the segments more or less dusky, the three last segments with a common blackish spot; beneath pale. Cerci very short, slender, hairy. Ovipositor long, very much curved upwards, the valves flat, acute at tip. The legs moderately stout, anterior and middle femora stouter, shorter and more curved than in Geuthojjhilus ; the tarsi are also stouter and shorter. Length from vertex to tip of abdomen llJ-13 millims. Posterior femur 6-7 millims. Posterior tibia T^j-S millims. This insect is found near Baltimore upon Oak trees. It appears in the larva state as early as the first of August and can be met with fully developed, from the latter part of September until some time in Octo- ber. I have also seen a specimen from Delaware, in the cabinet of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia. It seems to form a connecting link between the Rhapidophoroid forms of the family and the true green Locustina. Possessing much of the structure of head and tarsi, and form and position of the antennae and eyes as in some species of the genus Phylloptera. The eyes are not directly in front, approaching, as in some Centhopliili^ they are much longer than broad and placed, not aboVe, but outside of the an- tenuoe, the first joint of which is almost of the same breadth ; the third joint of the maxillary palpi is :is long as the fourth, a;nd the fourth is but very little enlarged at tip. The reduced size of the meso- and 550 [March nieta-notum, and the short cerci recall to mind the atrophied condition of the former, and the form of the latter in Stenopelmatus, but the fiToup of heavy spurs at the ends of the tibife, and other characters of that genus, widely separate this from it. The male is unknown to me. but from a male of a species of this same genus, in my possession, from the Island of St. Thomas, it may prove to have rudimentary tegmina. There is no exhibition of a tympanum or auditory apparatus upon any of the legs. ANABRTJS, Hald. A. purpurascens. Brown with a tinge of purple, mottled with yellow, form similar to A. simp/ex, Hald. Face greenish or carneous-yellow, broad, somewhat flattened ; eyes brownish-glaucous ; the transverse suture below the front black at the exterior corners of the epistoma; tips of the man- dibles piceous-black ; antennae slender, as long as the body omitting the head, yellow at base, and becoming lurid, and at the tip blackish ; joints of the maxillary palpi more or less glaucous; cranium glau- cous or lurid brown, in .some specimens (usually females) with the vertex and four longitudinal stripes carneous-yellow. Thorax rather short, flattened above, posteriorly, with a transverse moderately im- pressed line behind the middle, and two short oblique anteriorly diver- gent impressions before the middle; the surface smooth, lurid glau- cous, with an anteriorly dilating purplish-brown line at sides below the dorsal edge, the lateral margins broadly, and the anterior margin, less distinctly yellow; anterior angles rounded, the posterior margin trun- cated. Tegmina covered by the prothorax, yellow, with lurid purplish nervures; in the female the nervures are fine and longitudinal, very ramose ; in the male the branching nervures are confined to the mar- gins, the middle field being surrounded by very stout nervures, and on the middle of this field is a stout nervure the ends of which run diver- gently backwards. Abdomen and surface beneath the prothorax pur- plish-brown, closely mottled with yellow. Ventral surface of the fully colored males dull in color, the mottling being pale and not distinct and the pectoral surface including the coxae yellow, the last ventral .segment deeply emarginated at tip. and furnished each side with an articulated cylindrical appendage; in the female the inferior surtace is yellow with a more or less glaucous or lurid tinge. Ovipositor 1864.] 551 moderately curved, lurid yellow, piceous at tip; cerci of the female hardly longer than the segment beneath which they are placed ; no cerci present in the males, but their place is supplied by short, stout cylindrical appendages which are bifurcated at tip. the branches acute and curved inwardly, the inferior branch being much longer and taper- ing more to the tip than the superior one. Legs, in the fully colored specimens, deep purplish-brown, mottled with yellow upon the anterior femora, and reticulated with yellow on the exterior side of the posterior femora; posterior legs comparatively short, the spines tipped with black; the denticuloid process above the anterior coxae triangular at base, acute at tip, about as long as the coxa ; the legs in pale specimens are largely pervaded with yellow. Length to tip of last segment S . 32 — 33^ millims. Length of pro- thorax 11 millims., breadth at apex 7 millims. Posterior femur 18^ millims. 9 Length to tip of last segment 34 — 36 millims. Posterior femur 18 — 19 millims. Ovipositor 20 — 21 millims. Hah. Minnesota (Kennicott) ; Washington Territory (Dr. 8uckley) ; Texas (Dr. Horn). This species was found by Mr. Robert Kennicott in considerable numbers near the Red River in Northern Minnesota; for the specimens examined and here described I am indebted to his generosity. From all the species previously described it differs in many particulars from the characters given by the describers. It seems to approach the most nearly to A. simplex, Hald., in the shape of the limbs, &c.. but the markings are widely distinct. For the distinctness of this genus from Thi/reonotus, Serv., I can by no means vouch ; a sufficient examination of all the species hereafter may render it necessary to unite them into one genus. The measure- ments given are the result of an examination of twenty specimens of both sexes. CYPHODEERIS. nov. gen. Form short, robust. Head globose superiorly, deeply inserted into the prothorax, very wide and flat between the antenna) ; eyes subglo- bose. placed rather before the sides, immediately exterior to the sock- ets of the antennae; antennje longer than the body, scarcely attenuated at tip. being almost of equal thickness throughout, basal joint long, stout, cylindrical, the second scarcely more than half as thick, and less o52 [March than half as long, the third longer than the second ; space between the antennae not elevated into a ridge ; epistoma very short and broad, the labrum longer, much narrower, rounded ou the lower margin, on the middle of which there is a slight, triangular production ; mandibles very stout; apical joint of the maxillary palpi about one-fourth longer than the preceding one. obliquely truncated at tip, the penultimate joint equal to the antepenultimate; cheeks broad, but not prominently dilated. Anterior part of the ]»rothorax amplified, so as to cover the base of the head like a hood, its anterior margin subtruncated, the lateral margins becoming gradually obliquely narrowed posteriorly, not sinuated. the extreme edge carinately elevated, dorsal surface trans- versely, deeply depressed before the middle, behind the middle much broadened, flat. Tegmina broad, ample, but not reaching the apex of the abdomen, covered with well developed, closely reticulated nervures, excepting only a small area of the discal base, the costal flap extending low down upon the sides. Legs short, stout, the anterior tibiae dilated upon the middle, and bearing a very long and broad tympanal cavity, the exterior face with a moderate spine just below the middle, the in- terior face bearing two similar sjDines each, nearer the tip, the tip with a coronet of four spines surrounding it : exterior face of the interme- diate tibia3 with three spines on one side and two on the other, upon the interior face and apex they are the same in number and position as upon the anterior tibiae; laminate carina of the inferior part of the posterior femora continued to the tip, patella? very small; posterior tibiae curved inwards, dilated from the base to the tip, prismatic, with the edges rounded, the posterior face with six remote, stout spines on one side and four on the other, exclusive of the apical coronet; tarsi long, compressed, basal joint about two-thirds the length of the apical one, the second one about half the length of the basal, and more than twice the length of the third, plautula3 small, rounded, not dilated nor cleft. % . C. monstrosus. Pale dull yellow ; cranium black, with five pale lines upon it, the intermediate ones converging anteriorly ; face yellow, with black su- tures, tips and sides of the maxillary palpi, and uncovered portion of mandibles blackish; antennae piceous, more or less yellow at base, the first joint yellow upon the middle ; eyes dark brown, but little longer 1864.] 553 thau broad, covering a large part of the base of the tegmina, and of a very thin, scale-like consistence ; color dull clay-yellow, the anterior lobe brassy-black (omitting the anterior margin and the anterior por- tion of the sides, which are whitish-yellow) and this color extends in a broad continuation each side, obliquely backwards; an elongate oval impression upon the disk before the middle is also black ; the posterior lobe flat above, and densely longitudinally wrinkled ; anterior angles sub-rect, the posterior margin broadly rounded. Tegmina pale brown above, yellow at sides, becoming almost white upon the costal margin, the neuration reddish-brown, very dense and ramose. Abdomen more or less invaded with black above and upon the sides and behind, the two rows of lateral stigmata black ; venter rufous, with a row of black points each side ; anal and genital appendages very complex, the cerci compressed, reflexed at tips, between these is a large triangular, bilo- bate prominence, with an acuminate process on each lobe, each side below this is a spatulate appendage, curved inwardly, beneath these on the middle is a pointed keel-like elevation, projected backwards upon the segment, grooved and emarginated at tip ; the elevated segment upon which the two lower appendages are placed is emarginated in the middle and has a small lobe each side of the emargination. Pectus black, spots above the coxae, and the coxas and trochanters in part yel- low. Legs yellow, polished, striped and marked with black within and without ', the two anterior pairs of femora faintly sulcated on both faces, the posterior femora sulcated on the exterior face, the underside with a carina upon edges, the intermediate tibiae faintly and the posterior pair within and without distinctly grooved. Length to tip of abdomen 16, and 22 millims. Breadth of thorax posteriorly 7, and 0 millims. Posterior femur 8f and 12 millims. % . Hah. Oregon Territory (Dr. Suckley.) The specimens examined were tw^o males kindly presented to me by Mr. Henry Ulke. The anterior legs are proportionately more devel- oped, in comparison with the posterior ones, than is the case in any of the allied forms yet described from this country. ACRIDIODEA. STENOBOTHRUS, Fischer. S. admirabilis. Bright grass-green ; labrum green, carneous at sides and white in 554 [MARon front, the apex broadly, triangularly emarginated ; face coarsely, re- motely punctured, the vertical ridge broad, not channelled, each side of the front near the eyes is a vertical, slightly elevated carina ; base of the mandibles and an oblique streak behind the eyes, and the lower and posterior edge of the cheeks carneous; eyes brown, elongate-oval, the upper end conically subacute; antennoe and palpi carneous-reddish. the base of the former and the sutures of the latter white, tips of the antennge dusky; cranium with a broad carneous stripe, which reaches from the base to the apex, at which point it conforms to the shape of the vertex, it is also bounded each side by a faintly impressed line; the foveoloe upon the upper extremity of the vertex long and broad, the edge just exterior to them elevated and bright green ; the middle of the disk somewhat scabrescent. Prothorax bright green, narrow, the dorsal middle with a broad carneous stripe continuous with that of the head, entire, each side of this is a black line dilating posteriorly. the lateral dorsal boundaries elevated into blunt carinEe, just below these is a slender black streak; sides with a very broad carneous or brownish stripe, the posterior lobe of the prothorax both above and at sides tinged with pale green, and reticulately scabrous, carinatc line of the dorsal middle distinct. Tegraina smoky-blackish, with a broad green stripe running upon and each side of the strong nervure bound- ing the discoidal field anteriorly, the posterior margin of this stripe is invaded by series of oblong black spots ; the anal field is covered by a second green stripe, which conforms to its shape and becomes obsolete at tip; wings smoky, especially at tip, the base posteriorly greenish- yellow. Abdomen carneous, obscured at base above. Pectus and an- terior pairs of legs carneous or lurid-greenish; upon the pleura, be- neath each wing, is a quadrate, oblique, green spot. Posterior femora green, the upper lateral carina whitish, and beneath it a purplish-black streak, the inferior latei'al carina white and bounded above by a white streak, the under surface pale carneous or greenish-white, the two in- ferior carinaj bearing each a row of black specks ; patelloo and apical two-thirds of the posterior face of the tibiae dusky-blackish, spines white with their tips black ; tarsi carneous, more or less blackish to- wards the tip. Length to end of abdomen 31! millims. Alar expanse 54 milliias. Posterior femur 24 millims. 2 • 1S()4.] fioJS Hah. Baltimore. Late ia August, among the grass. This species has not yet been met with in any abundance here. The wing-covers ai"e comparatively narrow, the costal margin a little dilated near the base ; the surface against the thick nervure bounding the • liseoidal field posteriorly is sometimes tinged with a streak of rosy jilmost throughout its entire length. The colors are taken for the most p.irt from u fresh specimen not immersed in alcohol. PEZOTETTIX. Biirm. p. Scudderi. Ferrugineo-fuscous, form and general appearance of Caloptenua f^- mur-i-ubrnm, De Greer. The cranium is, however, less prominent, the thorax slightly broader, and in the 9 the black spot on the sides, just below the dorsal surftice. is much narrower, sometimes entirely obsolete, the whitish spots upon the middle of the sides are indistinct and some- times entirely obsolete; the wing-covers do not reach much beyond the apex of the second segment of the abdomen, the under side of the pos- terior femur is yellow, and the tibiae have a black dot upon the knee and a black ring just below it; the apical tip of the last segment % is more narrowed, acute, and conically produced than in C.femur-ruhrum. In its other characters it agrees with that species. Length % 10 — 17, ? 22 — 2o millims. Hah. Baltimore; upon the sides of high hills. Rock Island, 111.. (^ Walsh.) It is found in great profusion during the latter part of October. It is a completely developed insect, for I have taken many pairs in coitu. I] 1^ P i K The names- of new genera and of new species are followed by the name of the Author. Page Acmseops incertus. Bland 321 Aeronyrta afflicta. Grote 438 noctivaga, Grote 437 Adela Eidingsella, Clemens 426 Agrion dentiferum, Walsh 236 Agrotis texauus, Grote 273 Aleidamea, Cresson 385 pilosifrons, Cresson 386 producta, Cresson 386 Amphidasys peenulataria, Grote.... 31 Amblynotus ensiger, Walsh 496 inermis. Walsh 498 Anabrus purpurascens, TJIiler 553 Anchylopera plagosana, Clemens... 417 Andronicus, Cresson 384 cylindricus, Cresson... 384 Anesychia sparsiciliella, Clemens... 430 Anthidium curvatum 378 dorsale 381 emarginatum 374 interruptuni 380 jugatorium 380 maeulatum 376 maculifrons 375 notatum 376 perplexum 377 simile, Cresson 378 Anthocaris Ausonoides 81 AntlKBcia areifera 340 bina 344 jaguarina 342 , lynx 343 marginata 339 Spraguei, Grote 341 tuberculum 343 Autithesia bipartitana 418 Aj)athiis oitriniis 112 Page Apathus contiguus, Cresson 112 elatus 114 fraternus Ill insularis 113 intrudens Ill laboriosus Ill Apidai, on the North American spe- cies of several genera of, by E. T. Cresson : 373 Appeal to Entomologists, by Baron R. Osten Sacken 52 Arctia Americana (larva) 28 anna, Grote ; 336 celia, Saunders 59 decorata, Saunders 60 parthenice (larva) 28 Persephone, Grote 433 Arctiidse, two new species of. by William Saunders 59 A'rgynnis Epithore 504 Hesjieris, Edwards 502 Augocoris Poeyi, UJiler 158 Aulax pirata, 0. S 42 sylvestris, 0. S 37 Baptria albofasciata, Grote 66 albovittata 67 elaborata, Grote 67 infulata, Grote 67 Bembidium Wingatei, Bland 319 Bombus and Apathus, List of the N. A. species of, by E. T. Cresson 83 Bombus affinis, Cresson 103 Antiguensis 107 Arcticus 95 bimaculatus, Cresson 92 borealis 93 Californious 97 Index. 5o7 Page Bomhus Carolinus 108 diligens 110 dubius, Cresson 97 ejjhippiatus 107 fervidus 03 tiavifrons, Cresson 105 I'rigidus..... 100 Groeulandicus 97 Howardii, Cresson 99 Hudsonicus, Cresson 92 impatiens 90 Kirbiellus 101 laboriosus 109 lacustris, Cresson 103 Marylandicus 90 medius, Cresson 97 melanopyge 103 moderatus, Cresson 109 inodestus, Cresson 99 " 109 nidulans 107 occidentalis 98 ornatus 104 pallidas, Cresson 92 Pennsylvanicus 101, 94 perplexus, Cresson 91 23leuralis 9G polaris 101 praticola 106 jjroximus, Cresson 98 pulcher, Cresson 108 rufo-cinetus, Cresson 106 scutellaris, Cressoyi 96 se]>aratus, Cresson 165 Sitkensis 102 sonorus 95 strenuus, Cresson 102 sylvicola 106 ternarius 104 terricola 99 vagans 91 violaceus 108 Virginicus 106, 165, 87 Brachiloma, Clemens '.... 126 unipunctella, Clemens. 126 Page Brenthia inflatclla. Clemens 5 Callidryas Yamana, Rcakirt 352 Camptonotus, Uhlcr 548 Scudderi, Uhler 549 Catocala of the U. S. Descriptions of certain species of, by Win. H. Edwards 508 Catocala Briseis, Edwards 508 Californica, Edwards 509 concumbons (larva) 29 gracilis, Edwards 511 marmorata, Edwards 508 minuta, Edwards 512 nebulosa, Edwards 510 parvula, Edwards 512 Serena, Edwards 510 similis, Ediuards 511 tristis, Edioards 511 Walshii, Edwards 509 Ceratina dupla 389 eximia 391 Igeta 392 placida 391 punctulata 392 Tejonensis, Cresson 390 Chauliodes lunatus, Hagen 262, 180 rastrioornis 263 Chaiiliodus? canicintella, Clemens, 129 Chelinidea, Uhler .• 365 vittiger, Uhler 366 Chelostoma albifrons 382 rugifrons 382 Chionobas Chryxus 82 Chloroperla fumipennis 187 Ciris. Grote 65 Wilsonii, Grote 65 Clastoj^tera stolida, Uhler 161 uudulata, Uhler 160 Coelioxys abdominalis 408 al tern at a 406 bre-vis, Cresson 402 dubitata 400 funeraria 404 lateralis, Cresson 405 modesta 404 558 Index. Page Coelioxys mcesta, Cresnon 403 8-dentata 401 quadridentata 409 rufipes 407 rufi tarsus 400 Coleophora concolorella; Clemens... 6 leucochrysella, Clemens 6 Rosacella. Clemens 420 \ Rosffifoliella. Clemens... 426 Ooleoptera of N. A. Descriptions of new species, by J. H. B. Bland. 319 Ufdias Alexandra, Edwards 14 Christina, Edwards 79 Helena, Edioards 80 Coloradia Pandora, Blake 279 Cordulia? molesta, Walsh 254 Corimelasna ciliata, Vhler 156 eyanea, Uhler 157 denudata, TJhler 157 extensa, Uhler 155 incerta, Uhler 156' minuta. Uhler 155 Corydalis cornutus 205 Crocota, Contributions towards a Monograph of the genus, by Tryon Reakirt 371 Crocota ohoriona, Reakirt 371 immaculata, Reakirt 372 nigricans, Reakirt 371 opella 30 quinaria, Grote 30 tri-maculosa, Reakirt 373 Ctenucha Cressonana, Grote 64 virginica 334 Cycloplasis, Clemens 423 Panicifoliella, Clemens 424 Cyniatophora caniplaga 56 Cymatophorina found in the U. S. and British America, with de- scriptions of new species, by Aug. R. Grote 54 Cynipidffi of the U. S. and their galls, by Baron R. Osten Sacken 33 Cynips, on Dimorphism in the Hy- menopterous genus, with hints Page for a new classification of Cy- nipidfe and descriptions of sev- eral new species, by Benj. D. Walsh, M. A 143 Cynips, Descriptions of suj^iJOi^ed new species, with remarks on the formation of certain Galls, by 11. F. Bassett 323 Cynips nubiliponnis 485 q. erinacei, Walsh {G all)... 483 q. flocci, Walsh 482 q. forticornis, Walsh 490 q. globulus 328 q. Osten Sackenii, Bas-nett.. 327 q. palustris 32!> q. petiolicola, .Bas.se<<....487,325 q. pilulffi. TT'aM(Gall) 481 q. podagrae, Walsh 492 q. punctata, Bassett 324 q. singularis, Bassett 326 q. sculptus, Bassett 324 Cyphoderris, Uhler 250 monstrosus, Uhler 551 Dasycera Newmanella, Clemens 428 Depressaria atrodorsella, Clemens... 124 cinereocostella, Clemens 422 pulvipennclla, Clemens 421 Diastrophus cuscutreformis, O.S..... 39 nebulosus, O. S 36 Dichagramma. Grote 439 vinulenta, Grote... 440 Walkerii, Grote 439 Diphthera Grtefii, Grote 68 Diurnal Lepidoptera of the U. S. and British America, certain species of, by William H. Ed- wards 14, 7.H. .OOl Donations to Cabinet... 1, 22, 50, 61, 75. 117, 133, 16.3, 277, 316, 368, 412 Donations to Library... 2, 25, 50, 62, 76. 117, 133, 101, 278, 317, .367,369, 413 Ecpantheria scribonia (larva) 2!S Elacliista Bracliyelytrifoliella. Clemens. 425 Elachista? orichalcella, Clemens... 430 Index. 559 Ele(!tions of Corresponding Mom- bers...3. 27, 64, 77, 119, 27'.l, 'M\S. 415 Elections of Resident Members. ..(U, 77. 279, 370 Eiiicostoma? Packardella, Clemens. 125 Epeolus donatus 390 fumipeunis 398 lunatus 394 niereatus 395 pusillus, Cresson 398 4-faseiatus 395 re m igatiis 393 scutellaris 397 zonatus 397 Ephemera uiyops, Walsh 207 Eresla cincta-, Edwards 502 E\ipitheeia niisenilata. Grote 32 Eut('rj)e Eudocia, Reakirt 345 Eutlli^^anotia timais 441 (rastropacha velleda — var. minuta. Grote... 433 Gelechia angustipennella, Clemens. 119 apieilinella, Clemens 120 brumella, Clemens 416 fuscopunctella, Clemens.... 12 gallfegenitella, Clemens... 420 gilvolinella, Clemens 119 gilvomaculella, Clemens... 12 Labradoriella, Clemens.... 12 longifasciella, Clemens 12 luediofuseella, Clemens 11 nigratomella, Clemens 11 ornatifimbriella, Clemens. 420 pullifinibriella, Clemens... 120 punctiferella, Clemens 119 Glyphipteryx impigritella, Clemens 9 Gouipluis aninicola 252 consobrinus, Walsh 242 fluvialis 252 fratern us 238 graslinellus 242 qiiadricolor, Walsh 246 ventrieosus, Walsh 249 Gi)noj)liora scripta 58 Gurtyua, Description of a new spe- Page eies of N. American, by Aug. R. Grote 431 Gortyna cerussata, Grote 431 Gracilaria coroniella, Clemens 421 venustella 10 Gryllotaljia eultriger. Ulilcr 543 Gryllus jjersonatus, Uhler 547 Halonota Packardiana, Clemens 417 Hamadryas, Clemens 422 Bassettella, Clemens... 423 Hapithus. Uhler 546 agitator. Uhler 546 Helops gracilis. Bland 319 Hemipterological Contributions by P. R. Uhler 361, 155 Heptagenia, Walsh 197 cruentata, Walsh 205 niaculipennis. Walsh. 206 simjjlex, Walsh 204 Heriades carinatuui, Cresson 383 sinijilex, Cresson 384 Hesperia conspicua. Edwards 17 Delaware. Edwards 19 Huron, Edwards 16 Logan, Edwards 18 Mandan. Edwards 20 Mystic, Edwards 15 nemoris, Edwards 507 Oeola, Edwards 20 Omaha, Edwards 21 Pontiac, Edwards 17 Uneas, Edwards 19 Wyandot, Edwards 21 Hetserina americana? 210 pseudamericana. Walsh. 223 rupamnensis. Walsh 230 scelerata. Walsh 267 texana, Walsh 227 Hetei'ocamjDa subalbicans, Grote... 336 Hexagenia, Walsh 197 Holcocera, Clemens 121 chalcofrontella. Clemens 122 gilbociliella, Clemens ... 122 modestella, Clemens 122 j)urpuri)Comella, Clem's 122 560 Index. Page Hypoprepia Packardii, Grote 31 Incurvaria Labradorella, Clemens.. 416 Jassus Kennicottii, TJhler 161 Kricogonia, Reakirt 355 Laeinia, Grote 55 cymatophoroides 58 expultrix, Grote 58 Lasioptera solidagiiiis. Communi- cation from Baron R. Osten Sacken 77 Lepidoptera of the U. S. Additions to the Catalogue of, by Aug. R. Grote 30, 64, 273 Lepidoptera, Descriptions of North American, by A. R. Grote.. ..433, .334 Lei^idoptera, Notes on Central Ame- rican, with descriptions of new species, by Tryon Reakirt... 345, 135 Lepidopterous Larvae, on some hith- erto undescribed, by W. Saun- ders 28 Leptina dormitans 57 Doubledayi 58 latebricola, Grote 57 opthalmica 57 Lestes eurina 234 Lozopera ? fuscostrigana, Clemens.. 417 Lvcffina Arnica, Edioards 80 Echo, Edv}ards 506 Lycea, Edwards 507 Marmara, Clemens 6 salictella, Clemens 7 Mantispa interrupta 266 Masaris, new species of, from tlie Rocky Mountains, by E. T. Crcssnn 69 Masaris vespoides, Cresson 69 Megonostoma, Reakirt 356 Helena, Reakirt 35g Meliltea Mylitta 504 pallida, Edioards 505 Pliaon, Edwards 505 Texana, Edwards 81 Microc'celia vinnula, Grote 436 Micri>-Li'i)id(()>ter:i <>f N. America, Page by Brackenridge Clemens, M. D 4, 119, 415 Monechora fraterna, Uhler 160 Monumetha. Cresson 387 argentifrons, Cresson.. 387 boreal is, Cresson 388 obsoleta, Cresson 388 Nathalis luteolus, Reakirt 350 Neuroptera, Observations on cer- tain N. A., by H. Hagen, M. D., with notes and descrijjtions of about twenty new species of Pseudoneuroptera, by Benj. D. Walsh, M. A 167 Nomada, North American species of, by E. T. Cresson 280 Nomada annulata 297 Americana 308 amoena, Cresson 300 armata 311 articulata : 297 bella, Cresson 287 bisignata 305 depressa, Cresson 302 electa, Cresson 290 fervida 294 festiva, Cresson 289 gracilis, Cresson 295 imbricata 296 ineerta, Cresson 309 lepida, Cres-ion 288 luteola 282 maculata, Cresson 303 miniata 308 raodesta, Cresson 286 obliterata, Cresson 301 perplexa, Cresson 306 placida, Cresson 291 proxima, Cresson 294 punctata 296 pygmsea, Cresson 299 rubicunda 299 ruficornis 310 superba, Cresson 281 torrida 3U^^| Index. 501 Page Noinaila valiila 308 viciiia. Cresson 292 vincta 284 North American Butterflies. Cata- logue of. by J. Wm. Weide- meyer 51.3, 143 Opliiogomiihus mainensis. Packard 255 Oploinus auuotatus, Uhlcr 362 Ornix Boreasella, Clemens 415 Orocharis, Uhler 544 i saltator, Uhk)- 545 | Orthopterological Contributions, by P. R. Uhler 543 Pachyeoris complicatus, Uhler 361 Stallii, Uhler 159 Wilsonii, Uhler 159 Pajjilio, Description of a new spe- cies of N. American, by Aug. I R. Grote 441 Papilio Caleli. Beakirt 138 Calverlej'i. Grote 441 Copanae, Reakirt 141 Epidaus 135 Tonila, Reakirt 140 Tulana, Reakirt 140 Parectopa Robiniella. Clc7nens 4 Parnassiu.s Sayii. Edwards 78 Pentagenia, Walsh 196 quadripunctata. Tra/«A 198 Pezotettrix Seudderi. Uhler 555 Philochrysa, Grote 338 regnatrix, Grote. 441, 339 Phj'Uociiisti.s Liriodendronella, Clemens... 13 Phyllopalpus, Uhler 543 pulchellus. Uhler 544 Pieris Kigaha. Reakirt 349 Nasturtii 501 vernalis, Edwards 501 Pigritia ochreella, Clemens 126 ochrocomella, Clemens 126 Platsea califtirniaria 344 Plusia balluca (larva) 29 ignea, Grote 274 Prionosoiiia. Uliler ;{63 Page Prionosoma podopioides. Uhler 364 Pseudoneuroptera, Notes and de- scriptions of about twenty now species of, bv B. D. Walsh. M. A. 1 67 Psocus bifasciati\s, Walsh 183 confluens, \W'rt/.9A 185 eunterminus, Walsh 185 liehenatus. Walsh 183 niadeseens, Walsh 186 ])erinadidus. Walsh 185 rufus, Walsh 185 Raphia abrupta, Grote 336 frater. Grote 435 Report of Recording Secretary 313 Rhodites bieolor 48 dichloeerus 46 ignota, 0. S 49 radicuni, O.S. 46 rosaa 47 verna. 0. *S^ 47 Saperda Fayi, Bland 320 Saturniidse, New genus and species of. from the Roeky Mountains, by C. A. Blake 279 Sialis infumata 261 Stelis elegans. Cresson 411 foederalis 410 lateralis, Cres-^on 410 obesa 409 Stenobothrus admirabilis, Uhler... 652 Strobisia levipedella, Clemens 4 Symphylus infamatus, Uhler 361 Synerges ineudax, Walsh 498 rhoditiformis. Walsh 499 Synophrus albipes, Walsh 496 Iseviventris 494 Terias Gratiosa 359 Thecla Clothilde. Edioards 15 Thyatyra pudens 59 Tinea acapnopennella. Clemens 127 biflavimaculella 415 costisignella. Clemens 128 trieingulatella. Clemens 128 Tineina, Observations on Ameri- can, by H. T. Stainton ISq 562 Index. Page Tischeria Quorcitella, Cleiuens 13 Tril)alia, Walsh 470 batatorum, Walsh 471 Vanessa Milberti (larva) 28 Walshia. Clemens 418 Amorpliella, Cle^nens 419 Wilsonia. Clemens 428 Page "Wilsonia brevivittella, Clemens 429 Written Communications. ...3, 27. o2, 76 118, 134, 164, 278, 367, 370. 414 Upsolophus flavivittellus, Clemens. 429 ]»auciguttellus. Clemens. 123 punL'tidiseelliis, Clemens 123 unicipunctellus,C7ewfi/j.s- 123 ERRATA. Page 1. bottom line, (or " laekus" read " lactus.'' 27, line 16 for "Chapter 5" read "Chapter 6." 34, line 28 for custutaeformis" read " cuscutaeforynis." 70, line 12 for "retractile, curved under" read "not retractile, apex very much incurved." 76, line 25 for " du" read " der." 85, line 24 after the word " the" add " workers, although less than that of the." 86, line 29 dele ••— 11." 86, line 30 for " 8p. 12— 13" read " Sp. 11 — 13." 140, line 8 for " Orthoptera" read " Ornithoptera." 149, line 19 for " mareellus" read '' marcellits.'' 191, line 31 for " 1st basal" read " 1st tarsal." 190, line 12 after Table, for "even" read "ever." 261, line 2 opposite woodcut, for "A terminal" read "A. Terminal." 266, line 1 for " incurred" read " incurved." 277, lines 23 and 24 for " Corylura" read " Cordylura." 280, line 35 for " Maine" read " District of Columbia." 334. foot-note, line 1 for " Bd." read "H-S." 336, line 8 for "costal" read " discal." 412, line 22 for •' Liope" read " Lispe." 434, line 28 for " virginicula" read " virguncula." 459, line 27 for " Dorcatoma" read " Decatoma." 471, line 20 for "1st dorsal" read "2nd dorsal." 478, line 24 for " cockoo-bees" read "cuckoo-bees." 479. line 13 for " connate joint " read "connate." 490, line 3 from bottom for "joint 1" read "joint 2." 516, line 25, for " Unjjrecedented" read "Unrepresented." See page 49 for Errata in Baron Osten Sacken's jjaper on the Cynipida? of the United States and their galls. See page 271 for Errata in ^Ir. Walsh's paper on N. A. species of Pseudo- neuroptera. rROG ENT.BOC.PHILA. VOL. 11. PIATK J II, III. IV. V I. }J. HURON, IIH.HUEON- V.H.LOGAN -2 in H.MYSTIG^ IV.H.MyBTIC!-? Lith.CKi.V/aJoJiflii'rmter B-o^.HntSoc.Pki.ladti.yol.2. riaU 2. # -Jii V / i-^-i^-:^ i"*!*'^ ^ KT Drawn by C -P.Tholey. BowBn iCo Ktli & col PMada. 7. CrocoUi opeUxiy, Grot^., ?, 2. Crocot/t qujjtnrui , CrroU; S.AinphiAo^js pa.ervulMtai'ia,(yrote,o, 4. Eufi)it}wcijiJbTniseruixiJxi-,Orotj'. °, 5.Rypopre.picL Fackardij., iWou^, t, 6.Laj%TviM.- expvJXfix, ^rote. PROC.ENT. SIX . PHILAD. VOL U PLATE IR. J ('i/'/-v Wi/.si'ini (irtilc. J" l!iij>h'iii iiil'n In la , (I'l'n/r, '^. Ihijitrni i(/l/n1('i!,-iii//ii .. .'j .. il(i/,(ir(ifn o. ,. (i//iti\! //ii f(i (hiiKfc. 0 Ihjildlii'i-i' linii/i/ PROC.ENT.SOC. PHILA.VOL. IT. PLATE V. II. III. N. V I,H.MAWDAw4 ¥.H, WYANDOT J i, hl.iVIAWUAiN6 A iV. Jd.WI/UMUUI 6 II. H. DELAWARE^ iii.ti.UiM ,./\b 6 ^^ H.GONSPICUA? PR()( .ENT.S()(\PUn.AT).Y()L.lI.PLA'reVl Hochstein pnii. N.T 18t>3. ly/tjr Haenp'e True. Kilt. S,.c. riiihi. V,.l. (I. rial.' V[[. ^ S*«tS>r"**''' '^^^ ,, .^^' ''Sb^^&M ■ .^S-0' ^aLoMLdia fPaiu/a^a llhih Proc. Rnt. Soc. Phila. Vol. 2. Plate \r. 1, Ardia anna, Grou.^. 3. Raphia ahvwpta, Grote. ^. ■_'. JT(f'-i<>riim'pa subiilhicans, Orou-.^ 4. Philochrysa recjnalrix, nrote.