yiieae Pee Ws 2h ‘ hater ort) Seis yond sith ean ee (es +7 CahNiekitbn Spey fa a Hh peat or rand oe Bae \ ee wig euaaes we qn nagte yt WNT aaa Mord re taht ie ' yee! ay eohebente wate S trp roee are Mb aciate gets iNitanueis jd cael Edd Fare e blaes reawere ae pea es jeu pea ® ma wa hl qecageay Tes ee a seg i Ve awe! vee reppeaiew at ‘ Are Ay eT my its tus wy eepeidia a bates Mite cha are goer oa — a —= —— — — — —— — — a — —— —— —— < — a —— — —— S Ke | } INA lan.) y (m IAA! : Val A A'E | st z a RAma ~ A AAARAAAARAE AAAAAA pApncee 1 AA mete a ne AAW A AAR! A AAMOANAAAAAARNARHAAY AAAAAAAAAAA ARAAA | % aA AAAA N\A Wy | < = =$ as 3 | « « G LA! ! WY ] | an AY) | I V—\ V—\ \7\ WAZ ‘A ia | aml i} iA \ aN B A A NAIA \ \ . Ww NY NI + | EN Ee } \ aaa FEN f= lA [ ARIA sy ARWAANAAAAAAAA if PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY Or WASHINGTON VoLuME 31 we Instiz,S .. _& ae | % : Kn, : Y NF / {nai Muse PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY WASHINGTON, D. C. 1929 ACTUAL DATE OF PUBLICATION OF VOLUME 31 Number 1—pages 1-20 inclusive Number 2—pages 21-44 inclusive Number 3—pages 45-64 inclusive Number 4—pages 65-88 inclusive Number 5—pages 89-104 inclusive Number 6—pages 105-120 inclusive Number 7—pages 121-140 inclusive Number 8—pages 141-168 inclusive Number 9—pages 169-190 inclusive Press OF H. L. & J. B. McQueen, Inc. WasHINGTON, D. C. lai] . January 28, 1929, . . February 21, 1929. . April 9, 1929. . May 4, 1929. » Junec2l, 1928, . Sab ls, 1929: . October 18, 1929. . December 26, 1929. . January 24, 1930. TABLE OF CONTENTS OF VOLUME 31. AvpricH, J. M.: Notes on the Synonymy of Diptera, No. 3 . Acalyptrate Diptera. . . Ba.pur, W. V.: The Life History of Achatodes Zeae Eewis a paidap tera: Noctuidae) : Bovine, A. G.: Takenomic aheranedrs for hehe identiseation SE Bigeades Srohi Peck and Pissodes approximatus Hopkins (Fam. Curculionidae) Bripwe.i, JoHNn Cotspurn: The Cowpea Bruchid (Coleoptera) Under Another Name—A Plea for One Kind of an Entomological Specialist . —— —— Description of a Bruchid Immigrant into Hawaii Breeding in the seeds of Convolulaceae (Coleoptera) . —— —— A Preliminary Generic Arrangement of the Pala menchils and Allies (Coleoptera) with Descriptions of New Species . Bucuanan, L. L.. A New Agronus from Canada (Coleoptera: Otiorhy nee idae) Buscx, AuGust: A New Tajeciousy Pine Moth (Leniieatere: Geleche idae) idae) : CaubeELL, A. N.: A ew Vv: ariety of Taseudderta walled Hebd: ow Vir: ginia (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) . —— —— Coconotus schunkei, New Name (onthonters: Teeeonvdee: Pseudophyllinae) Crark, Austin H.: Peripatus feo the Nena = Montserrat . Ciausen, Curtis P.: Biological Studies on Poecilogonalos chwiaiteat (Westw.), Parasitic in the Cocoons of Henecospilus (Hymenoptera: Trigonalidae) GOCKERELL, ‘1..D: A.: Decsiche burmmeisreri, Vesta: Aboaroncke Radic. covered (Coccidae) . Corron, Ricuarp T.: The larva BE abe seal Beene ialnans oe tatus Oliv. (Coleoptera: Rhyncophoridae) . ; —— —— The Use of Carbon Dioxide to Increase the iecenae Hf Be cacyiof Bumigants 5. 2°. 4... . Dyar, Harrison G.: A New Beneficial Moth ion Panama ands a Sear: ger (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Phycitinae) ; —— ——A New Species of Acrobasis (Lepidoptera: Byrstaa ae: ie cl- tinae) A New Aegeriid on ee from Brazil (Lepidoptera: Aegeri- A New Mostuire Eon the Piitippitve Islands American Psychodidae (Diptera) III . Dyar, Harrison G. & Hetnricu, Cart: A New Myelois fom Bran (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Phycitinae) . Ewine, H. E.: Three New American Chigwers (Acaninas ‘Trosibidiidas) —— —— A New Variety of Tarsonemus (Acarina) from the Pacific Coast abet sin 141 [iii] —_— —— Notes on the Lung Mites of Primates (Acarina: Dermonyssi- dae), Including the Description of a New Species. . . ...... FisHer, W. S.: Notes on Leaf Mining Buprestidae (Coleoptera), with Descriptions of New Species. . . .. . ..; Gun eee Ganan, A. B.: Description of an Egg- pare bE Exopthalmus quadri- vittatus.(Oliver) . . . =. . ) 2 = & 6 So ee HeinricH, Cari: Two Neeecen Céleophonden (Vesidapieeae —— =—— A Correction ... 2 =: « & seu, re eee Jouanssen, O. A.: A New Sciarid aon ees erie Vian (Diptera: Meetophilidae) =... 2 . . 3 sy 3 ees Litre, V. A.: A New Gistshagper (Grhopeeee Achaidse) from Texas . Mann, W. M.: Notes on Cuban Ants of the Genus Macromischa on optera: Formicidae) ; McArteeg, W. L.: Further Notes on Tastes ‘Tahabitants of Bird Histsese Paper Wasps (Polistes) as Pests in Bird Houses. . The Place of Authority in Taxonomy. . . Morean, A. C.: A New Genus and Five New Species sf Thy sane Paced to the UnitediStates\.) . = sa. susea eee een Mueseseck, C. F. W.: Two New Specs of ick: (Hymenoprere: Braconidae). eae /~ Park, OrLANDO: Reticulirenmes tibialis Hane in she Chisske Week Oe Rouwer, S. A.: A Note on the Synonymy ofa Birch Leaf Miner. . . . —— —— A New Species of Trigonalid of the Genus Poecilogonalos . Ross, H. H.: A Study of Marlatt’s Group I of the Genus Pontania with Descriptions of Four New Species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) Scuaus, W.: A New Species of Danaidae from the Philippine Islands in the United States National Museum. :.........; <6 —— —— New Species of Heterocera (Lepidoptera) frou Southern Brazil Snyper, T. E.: New Termites from the Antilles and Middle America. . Wap ey, F. M.: Observations on the Injury Caused by Toxoptera grami- num Rond’ (Homopfera: Aphididae)... -.. aa. = 9 ee Warerston, James: On the Differential Characters of Chelonogastra Ash- mead and Philomacroploea Cameron, Two Genera of Ichneumon-flies of the Family Braconidae. = <92)). 07 2 ee ee Wo corr, GeorceE N.: Notes on the Life Fistace of Bxopthalinas quadri- vittatus Oliv.(Coleoptera), f=. 3: 0-0 ey tects eae liv] 126 177 130 167 VOL. 31 JANUARY, 1929 No. 1 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON ow !8°8TU7 > far? 5 QO JAW o y | L at CONTENTS Was ni ISO BUSCK, AUGUST—A NEW INJURIOUS PINE MOTH (LEPIDOPT ia" GHD AEN Slee acces, Rak Mine A ed eee besa, 6, RPA EN Se LU PIRES SOT LCS CAUDELL, A. N.—A NEW VARIETY OF INSCUDDERIA WALKERI HEBD. FROM VIRGINA (ORTHOPTERAS TEGTIGONIIDAE). ... .. >. -.--+-..-.- IJ COCKERELL, T. D. A.—DROSICHA BURMEISTERI WESTWOOD APPARENTLY REDISCOVERED COCCIDAD)/ Nt {esses sss. 6 Soe a A ewes 6 DYAR, HARRISON G.—A NEW BENEFICIAL MOTH FROM PANAMA AND A SCAV- ENGER (LEPIDOPTERA, PYRALIDAE, PHYCITINAE) ........ 16 EWING, H. E.—THREE NEW AMERICAN CHIGGERS (ACARINA: exOmuio IDE) 9 GAHAN, A. B.—DESCRIPTION OF AN EGG-PARASITE OF EXOPTHALMUS QUAD- RMMTEAMUSH(OLLVEER)E: estas “ot “a ta fst ts : ye 7 HEINRICH, CARL—TWO NEW AMERICAN COLEOPHORIDAE (Re e818 PEIVmICd, GARL—A CORRECTION . 0... : « © es seu se we ome 19 MORGAN, A. C.—A NEW GENUS AND FIVE NEW SPECIES OF THYSANOPTERA FOREIGN ACOMGHE, UNIREDESTATES 0. ue eile iara a waite oie a seas nire 1 SCHAUS, W.—A NEW SPECIES OF DANAIDAE FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, IN THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM .=.... «+ 43). 20 Pus.isHED Montuiy Except Jury, Aucust AND SEPTEMBER BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. THE r ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON OrcanizeD Marcu 12, 1884. The regular meetings of the Society are held in the National Museum on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 Pp. M. Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the ProceEDINGs and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1929. Hontraty President ns 5 es ee L. O. HOWARD President 2. trie JC BE a eee J. E. GRAF Furst VicesPressdent hi... at Oe aa A. C. BAKER Second WicesPrestdenh.. = so) tok — Ss April many v. many v. many 49 14 May none 2 8 Se LOR el? June 4° 23 sil 3 July SSS AN TISE 1 — — Sept. Oct. 1 — — Nov. 1 — Dec. lane te nu me wn | | | After the grubs had begun to eat and grow, there appeared to be no delay in their continued growth until the sixth instar. The average length of the second, third, fourth and fifth in- stars was between two and two and a half weeks each, but some of the grubs in the sixth instar were very slow in trans- forming to the next instar. One grub which had molted to the sixth on May 25, did not molt again until August 6, while 26 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 most of them required over a month for this instar. After the sixth instar, the remaining instars were of more normal length, although all were longer than before, from three to four weeks each. Although some grubs grew rapidly and molted promptly during one or more instars, they often appeared to stand still for weeks in some succeeding instar. As a result, the grubs which had hatched on the same day from the same egg-cluster, and a month later might be scattered over two or three or even four instars, in later months came to approach each other more closely in instar, and in size became practically indistinguish- able. One grub molted to the 11th instar on September 21, but on account of handling too soon afterwards, while being weighed, died a day or two later. One other grub molted to the 10th instar on the same date, and died soon afterwards. A third grub molted to the 10th instar on October 25, and was found dead two weeks later. On March 30, 1928, the only remaining grub, of the hundreds with which rearing operations had been commenced 10 months before, was found crushed. It was then in the 15th instar, having molted for the last time on March 16, 1928. The record of larval molts for the individual and its companions follow. Record of Larval Molts. March 23 egg mass collected. March 31 _ hatching. April 2 all hatched. April 18 many in 2d and 3d instar. May 4 3%n 4th instar, 4 in 3d instar. May 11 1 in 3d dead. May 16 3in 4th, 1 in 3d. May 18 21in 4th removed. May 23 1 in Sth, 1 in 3d instar. May 29 added 1 5th from 4. June 7 Stanly: June) 1S GaiNGehe June 20 1 6th. Iuily eS eee July 26 molted to 8th. Sept. 6 molted to 9th. Sept. 15 fed sweet potato. Oct. 5 molted to 9th (must be 10th). Nov. 19 molted to 11th. Dec. 12 molted to 12th. Jan. 4 molted to 13th. March 3. molted to 14th. March 16 molted to 15th. March 30 accidentally killed. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 a7 THE LARVA OF THE WEEVIL EXOPTHALMUS QUADRIVIT- TATUS OLIVIER (COLEOPTERA: RHYNCOPHORIDAE). By Ricuarp T. Corron, U. S. Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C. The following description of the larva of Exopthalmus quadri- vittatus Olivier has been prepared from material reared by Dr. George N. Wolcott at Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Description of Mature Larva. (Plate No. 1.) Generalities: The full grown larva (fig. 8) is about 16 mm. long and 6 mm. wide; it is cylindrical and slightly curved in the typical curculionid manner. The head (fig. 2) is yellowish-brown with darker margins; each epicranial half has two well defined light colored areas. The body is whitish in color, with a well defined yellowish-brown prothoracic shield. The spiracles (fig. 5) are large, bifore-annular, and somewhat pear- shaped. They are present on the mesothorax and the first eight abdominal segments. The mesothoracic spiracle is noticeably larger than the abdominal ones; it points upward and is located on a small lobe pushed into the posterior part of the prothorax. The abdominal spiracles are all of the same size and have the longitudinal axis pointing obliquely upward and forward; the eighth one is placed slightly more dorsal than the rest. Head: About as broad as long from anterior margin of frons to occipital foramen, the sides broadly rounded. Epicranial suture distinctly longer than half of cranium. Each epicranial half with eight large and six minute setae as shown in figure 2. Ocelli lacking. Frons about four-fifths the length of the epicranial suture; frontal sutures forming an angle of about 120°; median frontal carina lacking. Two long setae, three minute setae and two sensory spots on each side of the frontal plate as shown in figure 2. Antenna (fig. 6) small, two-jointed, basal joint with 7 small setae (in the preserved alcoholic specimens), apical joint broad and flattened. Clypeus transverse; about three times as wide as long, and bearing on each side two setae at suture between clypeus and epistoma. Labrum transverse, anterior margin convex and indistinctly trilobed; slightly more than twice as wide as long. Dorsal face (fig. 2) with four setae on each side. Anterior margin (fig. 9) with a group of three lateral and a median group of two setae on each side (one of the median setae similar in size to the lateral setae, the other much shorter). Ventral face (or epipharynx) (fig. 9) on each side with two setae and one small group of sensory spots inside of the epipharyngeal rod (er). Mandible (fig. 4) subtriangular, somewhat larger at base than apically; inside 28 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 slightly concave, distally bluntly pointed without teeth. Two setae on dorso- external face. Maxilla (fig. 1): Cardo (ca) smooth, yellowish-brown. Stipes proper (st) smooth, yellowish-brown with one large seta, one minute seta and sensory spot. Palpiger (g) soft, with two setae and a sensory spot on ventral face. Maxillary lobe (or mala) (m) single, large, tip obtuse and rounded, reaching about to middle of apical joint of palpus; on ventral face with two large and two small setae and a sensory spot; on buccal face with about eight stout setae. Maxillary palp (p) short, with two joints; basal joint slightly longer and about twice as wide as the apical, which is conical, obtuse and about twice as long as wide; basal joint with one seta and two sensory spots; apical joint papillose at tip, with one sensory spot. Subfacial area (sf, fig. 1) fleshy, and probably formed by a fusion of the mental, submental and maxillary articulating areas; it carries three setae on each side. Prementum (=the fused labial stipites) (pm, fig. 1) posteriorly and laterally limited by a well defined, curved chitinization which in the middle line extends like a heavy stick both anteriorly and posteriorly; one seta and one sensory spot on each side. Labial palp two-jointed; basal joint about as long as and twice as wide as apical, which is conical; basal joint with one sensory spot; apical joint papillose at tip, one sensory spot. Ligula well developed, thick and fleshy; ventral face (li, fig. 1) with one small seta and one sensory spot on each side; dorsal face (In, fig. 3) with one small seta and one sensory spot on each side, lateral margins on the dorsal side setose. Paragnath (pet, fig. 3) a setose lobe. Hypopharynx (hyp, fig. 3) fleshy, membranous, longitudinally wrinkled, supported on each side by a chitinous rod. Thorax: Tergum of prothorax simple, not differentiated into tergal areas; each side with a lightly chitinized, indistinctly defined, yellowish-brown shield. There are on each side 11 setae arranged as shown in figure 8. Mesothorax and meta- thorax with tergum divided into prescutum (psc), scuto-scutellum (sc-scl) plus alar area (a) and post-scutellum (pscl). Prescutum (psc) with one seta on each side; scuto-scutellum with 4 setae on each side; alar area with two setae. Epipleurum (e) of prothorax large, lobe-like with distinct pre-epipleural section (ea). The epipleurum of mesothorax large with well-developed pre- epipleural (ea) and small post-epipleural (eb) sections, two setae on epipleurum proper, one on pre-epipleural section. The metathoracic epipleurum without clearly defined pre-epipleural section, otherwise similar in form to the corres- ponding mesothoracic area. The hypopleural and sternal areas of all thoracic segments are very similar in size and arrangement. Hypopleurum (h) situated below the ventro-lateral suture with two fine setae on the prothoracic lobe and one on each of the mesothoracic and meta- thoracic lobes. Presternum absent in each segment, eusternum (est) large, unpaired, with one seta on each side. Parasternum (or coxal lobe) (cx), triangular, with PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 28) rounded swelling below hypopleurum; 7 either normal or small setae present. Poststernellum (post) small, spindle-shaped without setae. Abdomen: The first eight segments are almost identical in all respects, the two last modified and reduced in size. Tergum divided into prescutum (psc, fig. 8), scutum (sc), scutellum (scl), postscutellum (pscl) and alar area (a). The setal arrangement is on each side as follows: prescutum with one seta; scutum without setae; scutellum with 5 setae arranged as shown in figure 8; postscutellum without setae; alar area with two setae. Epipleurum (e) ventrally limited by the ventro-lateral suture; median region with two setae. Hypopleurum (h) below the ventro-lateral suture, with two setae. Presternum wanting; eusternum (est) same as in thoracic segments but with two setae on each side. Parasternum (or coxal lobe) (cx) triangular, with one seta; poststernellum small, spindle-shaped, without setae. Ninth abdominal segment smaller, with tergal areas less differentiated and with fewer setae. Tenth abdominal segment small, globular, or wart-like with about 8 setae. Spiracles bifore-annular with a thick rim in which a pair of minute air tubes are located, a deeply hollowed mouth piece, beset with numerous fine, short spinulae, and a slit-like opening at the bottom. Comments: The larva of Exopthalmus quddrivittatus Olivier is almost identical in appearance with the larva of the closely allied Diaprepes abbreviatus Linnaeus. The larvae of the two species, however, may be readily distinguished by the size of the spiracles, the spiracles of Exopthalmus quadrivittatus (fig. 5) being almost twice as large as those of Diaprepes abbreviatus Linnaeus! (fig. 7). The measurements of the spiracles are as follows: Ex- opthalmus quadrivittatus, mesothoracic spiracle length 0.6 mm., width 0.4 mm.; abdominal spiracle length 0.37 mm., width 0.26 mm. Diaprepes abbreviatus, mesothoracic spiracle length 0.36 mm., width 0.25 mm.; abdominal spiracle length 0.23 mm., width 0.16 mm. 'The spiracles of the larvae of the genus Diaprepes, examined by the writer, are bifore-annular as in Exopthalmus. In a paper entitled ““Some sugar-cane root-boring weevils of the West Indies” (Journal of Agric. Research, vol. IV, no. 3, 1915), the author, W. Dwight Pierce, has given a habitus-figure of the larva of Diaprepes spengleri, on which the spiracles appear to be annular; but no detailed description or figures of the spiracles are presented. PLATE | PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31 COTTON—EXOPTHALMUS. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 Sill EXPLANATION OF PLATE. (Drawings by the author.) 1. Ventral mouthparts, ventral view: ca, cardo; g, palpiger; li, ligula; m, mala; p, palpus; pm, prementum; sf, subfacial area; st, stipes maxillaris. 2. Head capsule, dorsal view. 3. Ventral mouthparts, buccal view: hyp, hypopharynx; In, ligula, dorsal face; m, mala; pgt, paragnath. . Mandible, dorsal view. . Mesothoracic spiracle with enlarged view of air tubes. . Antenna. . Mesothoracic spiracle of Diaprepes abbreviatus Linnaeus. . Larva, habitus from the side: a, alar area; cx, parasternum; e, epipleurum; ea, pre-epipleural lobe; eb, post-epipleural lobe; est, eusternum; h, hypo- pleurum; post, poststernellum; psc, prescutum; pscl, postscutellum; sc, scutum; scl, scutellum; sc-scl, scuto-scutellum. 9. Epipharynx: er, epipharyngeal rod. oN A NM A NEW VARIETY OF TARSONEMUS (ACARINA) FROM THE PACIFIC COAST. By H. E. Ewine, U. S. Bureau of Entomology. On the Pacific Coast, Tarsonemid mites have been found in- festing narcissus plants and bulbs and causing some injury to the same. They penetrate between the fleshy scales of bulbs and by their activities cause a deadening of the tissues they attack. This Tarsonemid mite, which is apparently unde- scribed, is frequently accompanied by a predaceous, beneficial, Gamasid mite, that should not be confused with the former. Tarsonemus approximatus Banks, var. narcissi, new variety. Female.—Of the type of approximatus Banks. Last segment of last pair of legs extending beyond the margin of the abdomen by about its length. This segment is a little over half as long as the penultimate. Length of female, 0.23 mm.; width, 0.11 mm. Male.—Capitulum almost circular. Posterior cephalothoracic — bristles rather short and spinelike, in length equal to one and a half times the width of coxa II. Posterior lateral setae of abdomen spinelike, not equal to femur IV in length. Last pair of legs longer and stouter than the third pair; coxa some- what triangular, as broad as long and without seta; femur longer than all the other segments taken together, swollen laterally and slightly emarginate on the inner border at the insertion of inner distal seta, which is straight and equal to the width of the femur in length, lateral seta of femur curved and reaching to the tip of the segment. Distal segment of last pair of legs slightly longer than broad, inner spine at tip of segment and about one-third as long as tarsal claw, outer seta clavate, situated almost at tip of segment and half as long as tarsal 32 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO.(2, .FEB.,. 1929 claw, ventral seta straight, slightly longer than tarsal claw and slightly sur- passing the same; tarsal claw stout, slightly shorter than the last segment of the leg. Length of male, 0.16 mm.; width, 0.09 mm. Type locality —California. Type slide—Cat. No. 960, U.S. N. M. Described from many males and females taken from stems, leaves and flower buds of Narcissus, San Leandro, California, February 3, 1926, by C. F. Doucette; from stems and leaves of Narcissus, Natividad, California, January 28, 19263by Be Doucette; from stems and leaves of Narcissus, Natividad, Cali= fornia, February 6, 1826, by Ck: Doucette: from Narcissus bulbs (alba plana odorata) from Bellingham, Washington, Sep- tember 18, 1928, by David Griffiths. This variety differs from approximatus Banks in having much shorter tarsal claws on the last pair of legs of the male. Also the ventral seta of the last segment of leg IV of the male is not more than half as long as it is in approximatus Banks. The writer also examined some specimens of Tarsonemus taken by Doucette from Narcissus plants at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April 13, 1925, which may have been this variety, but he was unable to locate any males, hence could not defi- nitely identify them. NOTES ON SYNONYMY OF DIPTERA, NO. 3.! By J. M. Aupricu, U. 8. National Museum. 1. Muscopteryx chaetosula Townsend. This species, type of the genus, was described in the Canadian Entomologist, vol. 24, 1892, p. 171, from a single specimen said to be a male, from Chihuahua, Mexico. Coquillett in his Revision, 1897, p. 125, misidentified the species, and on p. 132 described the true chaetosula as Brachycoma pulverea, as 1 find by comparing both types. Brachycoma is a Sarcophagid genus, the postscutellum being undeveloped. The type of chaetosu/a is a female, not a male, and the term silvery as applied to the pollen should have been cinereous. It has a well-developed postscutellum. Be- sides the female type of pulverea, the National Museum now has a male of the species, collected by Townsend on the Rio Ara- vaipa, Arizona. In this male the width of the front at the narrowest, somewhat anterior to ocelli, is 0.16 of the head, and there are no orbital bristles; the fourth vein is more angular at 1The present paper is a continuation of two published in these Proceedings last year (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 30, 1928, pp. 41-45 and 142-145); these were not numbered, but since others may follow from time to time, it seems desirable to number the parts hereafter. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 33 the bend and the apical cell is not quite closed. In both sexes the fourth abdominal segment has a definite row of small bristles at the first fourth of the length, a row of large bristles at the middle, and a row almost as large just before the tip, together with some smaller at tip. iownsend, im Journal N. Y. Ent. Soc., vol. 23, 1915, ps 219; says the specimen identified by Coquillett i in 1897 as age is a male of Muscopteryx tibialis, described by Coquillett in Proce U2 )S..NiM. 2571902. p. 115, which species Townsend makes the type of a new genus Metopomuscopteryx. This is certainly a valid genus, ¢dialis being a much more bristly species than chaefosula. On the same page Townsend describes Paramuscopteryx genalis, and mentions that Coquillett had labeled the type as Muscopteryx chaetosula, although it is a dis- tinct species from the one mentioned in his Revision. The genus Paramuscopteryx (p. 218) has genalis as type, and I think is valid, although the description as far as it is a comparison with Muscoptery x 1s misleading, since Townsend had also failed to recognize his own species, designating Coquillett’s Brachy- coma ane as type of Psammoppia new genus in Proc. Biol. poe vvash., 20, 1915.3 20: Paramuscopteryx differs from Muscopteryx chiefly in having several irregular rows of bristles on the parafacials, instead of a single uniform row; antennae larger, third joint more elong- ated; hairs of back of head all dark: a pair of acrostichals just before suture; discals on first abdominal segment and prediscals on second and third; third vein with a single bristle at base, rarely two. . Paratheresia signifera Townsend. The history of this species is of considerable interest. It was reared by Rosenfeld and Barber at Tucuman, Argentina, in 1911 to 1913, from the sugar-cane borer, Diatraea sacchat -alis, and was discussed and figured by them without a scientific name in their extensive paper on the borer, in Revista Industrial y Agricola de Tucu- man, vol. 4, 1913-14, p. 324, pl. 12. I find specimens in the National Museum from them dated 1911 to 1913, evidently sent here for identification, but at a time when there was no specialist in the group at the Museum. Dr. Townsend described the species in Journal N. Y. Ent. Soc., 23, 1915, p. 65, from a single female which he found on the trunk of a tree in Peru; the habits of the species were of course unknown. In 1920 I identified Townsend’s 3 species in material brought by Dr. Wm. M. Mann from Monte Cristo, Honduras, which had been reared from Diatraea saccharalis there; also in 1924 the species was sent with the same habit by Osborn and Van Zwaluwenburg, from Potrero, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Van Zwaluwenburg published a note in Journal Econ. Ent., 19, 34 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 1926, p. 664, on his attempt to introduce the parasite into Sinaloa from Vera Cruz. Holloway, Haley and Loftin, Tech. Bull. 41, U. S. Dept. Agric., 1928, p. 44, have noted the same case; and Townsend has discussed the same parasitic habit in Peru in Bol. 1, Est. Exper. Agron., Lima, Peru, 1928, p. 24, fis. 29: 30: Apparently in 1926 the Director of the Experiment Station in Tucuman requested the late Dr. Brethes, of the National Museum in Buenos Aires, to ascertain the identity of the para- sites reared by Rosenfeld and Barber. Brethes then described the species as Sarcophaga diatraeae in Rev. Indust. y Agric. de Tucuman, vol. 17, 1927, p. 207. My attention was drawn to this description by Harold E. Box, who went to Tucuman about that time as entomologist. Through the kindness of Mr. Box I received one of the types of the Brethes species, and found it identical with Townsend’s. Thus it appears that the species is a rather common parasite of the sugar-cane borer throughout the sugar-growing region of North and South America. 3. Trixoscelis cinerea Coquillett. Described as Parodinia cinerea by Coquillett in Journal N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10, 1902, p. 186; it is the genotype of Parodinia. Coquillett described Leria nuda in Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 12, 1910, p. 130, from two specimens, one from Claremont, Calif. (Baker), the other from Santa Fe, N. M. (Cockerell). The latter specimen is the same as his types of cinerea, while the former is a different species which was described as Trixoscelis prima by Hendel in Wien. Ent. Zeit., 30, 1911, p. 43. It is necessary to designate one of the cotypes of cinerea as the type. I choose for this purpose the one from Claremont, Calif., although this has the regrettable effect of making prima asynonym. The types of prima were said to be from Claremont, N. H., but this was a geographical error in the State, as they came from Claremont, Calif., and bore identical labels with the type of muda. Since I sent the material to Dr. Hendel, I am certain of this, although I do not have any of his types. Melander, in Psyche, 20, 1913, p. 169, says, ““Hendel’s Trixoscelis prima is the same as Parodinia cinerea Coquillett.” I find however that besides the black third joint in cinerea, the species also has four or five irregular rows of acrostichals, while prima (or nuda) has wholly yellow third joint and two definite rows of acrostichals. Coquillett’s mistake in referring two species (as one) of this genus to Leria is similar to my own in putting my Sz/igo in Heleomyzidae. In admitting my mistake, in Canad. Ent., 42, 1910, p. 100, I excused myself a little by noting that Loew once described a Geomyza as a Leria. Frey, in Acta Soc. Fauna et Flora Fenn., 48, 1921, p. 220, proposed a family Trixoscelidae, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 35 next to Heleomyzidae, on the basis-of his study of the mouth parts. This family is accepted by Hendel in his recent general paper on the families of Diptera (Tierwelt Deutschlands, Teil ee Wipters, DE 1928. p. 99): 4. Genus Hippelates Loew. Malloch published a revision of the genus and a few related forms in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 46, 1913, pp. 239-266, with two plates. Shortly after the appearance of the paper I had occasion to examine his material and to visit the Museum of Comparative Zoology and examine the types of Loew’s species. The results of this work have been awaiting publication until I could complete a manuscript on the family Chloropidae, or at least a part of it. Recently some of my findings were communicated to Professor Herms in con- nection with identification work, and have been published by him in Journal Econ. Ent. 21, 1928, p. 691. It seems desirable to publish the remainder of my notes, and for completeness I add what Professor Herms has already printed. Hippelates nudifrons Malloch is Hippelates flaviceps Loew (published as Oscinis) Hippelates nitidifrons Malloch is typical flavipes Loew. Pusio Loew is flavipes of Malloch. Pusio Malloch is a different form. Malloch’s key requires the following corrections as to the numbers in order to be workable: Page 240, couplet 11, the second alternative should run to 20 instead of 21; couplet 12, the second alternative should run to 17 instead of 18. Page 241, left side, strike out the numbers 18, 21, and 23, as there are no such couplets. 5. Admontia nasoni Coquillett. Curran has described Ad- montia ruficeps in Canad. Ent., 59, 1927, p. 296, based on a male from Green Bay, Wis. This I believe the heretofore undescribed male of nasoni. I collected three of the very characteristic females of the species at Lafayette, Indiana, together with one male agreeing with Curran’s description. It would appear that the male does not have the wing coloration which usually makes the female readily identifiable. Besides the type, from Algonquin, Ill., and the specimens already mentioned, the National Museum has three females from Ger- mantown, Pa. (Harbeck), National Park, N. J. (Harbeck), and Colorado (Baker No. 2080). Townsend proposed the new genus Euhyperecteina for nasoni in Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 2 1915, p. 19, but merely by designation of type, without descrip- tion. Iam unable to find sufficient differences between nasoni and the genotype of Admontia (amicta Meigen of Europe) to justify a separate genus for the former. 36 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 6. Sturmia bakeri Coquillett. This was described by Co- quillett in his Revision of N. A. Tachinidae, 1897, p. 112. The description was based on a single male from Colorado (Baker No. 1580). Curran described what I believe to be the same species as Laximasicera sexualis in Canad. Ent., 59, 1927, p. 14; he had a male from Waterton, Alberta. The genus was characterized as like Erycia but without ocellars. Among other characters, the species is said to have the outer verticals developed in the male, and this sex also has a patch of fine hairs on each side of the under part of the third abdominal segment. With all details of Curran’s description, dakeri is in agreement. I do not attempt to decide the validity of the genus Laximasicera at this time; there are so many other existing genera rather closely allied that I am at a loss to decide with which, if any, it might be synonymous. The National Museum has, besides the type of Saker, the following specimens (Aldrich coll.): one male from Moscow, Idaho; two males and a female from the Turtle Mountains in North Dakota; and a male from Craig’s Mt., Idaho. 7. Sturmia schizurae Coquillett. Townsend referred this species to Argyrophylax in Taxonomy of the Muscoid Flies, 1908, p. 98; and as there was already a species schizurae in the genus he renamed this one piperz. But the species has well- developed ocellars, and consequently would not go to Argyro- phylax in his key on the same page; hence the new specific name was unnecessary. Having bristly facial ridges, bare eyes, strongly ciliate hind tibiae, etc., the species belongs in Achae- toneura, and is in fact a close relative of frenchii Williston. 8. Neotrafota incarum Townsend. In these Proceedings, 30, 1928, p. 144, I discussed this species and Townsend’s dis- sent from my conclusions on the basis of additional material which he had secured in Peru. In November last he visited Washington and gave to the National Museum two males of the species which in his discussion he had taken to be Neotrafoia incarum. On comparison with the types they turned out to be a new species, as he readily admitted. Hence my conclusions on the synonymy of Charapemyia calida are not affected by his published statements. PROC, ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 37 A NEW SPECIES OF ACROBASIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE; PHYCITINAE). By Harrison G. Dyar anp Cart HEtnricu. (Plate 1.) This species is of economic importance in Alabama and Georgia, being injurious to the Pecan, so that a name for it is desirable. Acrobasis cunulae, new species. (Latin: Cunulae, a little cradle, referring to the larval case.) In general of a dark slaty gray, uniform, without red tint. Wings of the male without any black sex-marks beneath. Fore wing dark gray; inner line curved, moderately broad, pale gray, preceded on its lower two-thirds by a ridge of raised blackish scales; middle field uniform; discal dots two, blackish, generally separated, followed by a pale gray oblique streak to costa; outer line blackish, denticulate, inbent at submedian fold, followed rather broadly by pale gray; terminal line faintly darker. Hind wing gray, the membrane subpellucid, sordid, the veins and terminal line blackish, darker in the female than in the male. Expanse, 20-24 mm., the females but little larger than the males. Genitalia figured from type (male) and paratype (female) from the type locality. The male genitalia are distinguished from those of other Acrobasis species by the relatively broader lateral projections (1) of tongue of gnathos. Cairo, Georgia, May 16, 1927 (G. F. Moznette); Mobile, Alabama, May 16, 1927 iG. A. Pfaffman); Auburn, Alabama, aa 25, 1926 (J. M. Robinson); Dewitt, Georgia, May ai, 1928 G F. Moznette). Type (male), allotype (female) —Cat. No. 41,598, U.S. N. M. (Mobile, Alabama); paratypes, 16, from this and the other localities mentioned. All specimens reared. A distinct species easily recognized by its nearly uniform slate gray color and characteristic larval case. The latter is black, stout, ovoid with the open end decidedly tapering, from 18 to 20 mm. long and 4.5 to 5 mm. in diameter at its widest part. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Acrobasis cunulae, new species. Fig. 1. Male genitalia; ventral view of organs spread, with aedoeagus omitted; 1= lateral projection from tongue of gnathos. Fig. 2. Aedoeagus and penis of male. Fig. 3. Eighth abdominal segment of male showing modified scale tufts. Fig. 4. Genitalia of female; Go=genital opening. Drawings made under the author’s supervision by Mary Foley Benson of the Bureau of Entomology. PLATE 2 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 39 THE COWPEA BRUCHID (COLEOPTERA) UNDER ANOTHER NAME—A PLEA FOR ONE KIND OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SPECIALIST. By Joun CoiBurn BripWELt. In checking over the recent bibliography of the Bruchidae, this note was encountered in the Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, Vol. 7, p. 236, 1919: “A Bruchid, Bruchus (Acanthos- celides) trabuti is described occurring in the seeds of Vigna sinensis (cowpea) ftom Timbuctoo.” Being interested in new Bruchidae from the cowpea and somewhat suspicious of them, though the U. S. National Museum Collection contains two which are at least unrecorded, the paper referred to by M. H. Caillol (Bull. Soc. Ent. France 1919) was examined and in it was found a careful and accurate description of the cowpea bruchid or so-called “‘four-spotted bean weevil.” I speak of it thus so it may be recognized, for its nomenclatorial history suggests the Woman at the Well and the husbands she had had and him she then had who was not her husband. Names it has had but the one it now has is not legitimately its own. It came to me with a shock that in 1919, one of the earliest described and best known of economic Bruchidae could be de- scribed as new in a genus not its own, by a competent entomolo- gist, in a periodical published by the oldest entomological so- ciety in the world. It seemed incredible that it could be re- viewed in such a journal as this, conducted by one of the ablest coleopterists working to-day and the fact escape notice not only then but during the ten years which have since elapsed,—yet this is what has happened. How can this be? This can be answered but not in a word. The last general revision of the Bruchidae of the world was published by Schoenherr in 1833 and expanded by the ad- dition of many species in 1839. Since then have appeared regional reviews of European species, by Allard using the names Bruchus and Bruchidae, by Baudi with My/abris and Mylabri- dae, by Schilsky reverting to Bruchus and Bruchidae, local European treatment by Bedel and Reitter have Laria and Lariidae. Dr. Sharp and Horn and Fall in treating American species, all have used Bruchus and Bruchidae while Leng’s Cata- logue turns to My/abris and Mylabridae; while the Pic catalogue of the species of the world holds to Bruchus and Bruchidae. But these nomenclatorial vicissitudes have been shared by all the Bruchids and the mere shifting of names should not have obscured such a species. The cowpea bruchid has had an undue amount of con- fusion about it and its nomenclatorial tangle has so far baffled every student who has treated it so that when one begins to feel sure of his own decision regarding its proper technical 40 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 name, modesty is likely to suggest caution in making positive assertions. For more than ten years the writer has been working on this group and for more than five of these he has been of the opinion that the technical name for this species should be Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius). Fabricius 1775, Ent. Syst. 65, described Bruchus maculatus and in 1792, Syst. Ent. (1) 2: 371, Bruchus 4#maculatus. Fah- raeus 1839 in Schoenherr Gen. Curc. 5:11, after examining the Fabrician types, considered them the same species but un- fortunately continued to use the later, more cumbersome and less accurate name, in which he has been followed by other authors down to the present day. I know of no reason to doubt the soundness of his judgment of their specific identity, since no one since has had sounder knowledge of the Bruchidae than Schoenherr’s three associates, Boheman, Gyllenhal, and Fahraeus who did the descriptive work on the Bruchidae in the Genera Curculionidum. We should then, it seems, use the first valid specific name applied to the cowpea bruchid, and that is maculatus of Fabricius 1775. For the generic name, shall we use Bruchus, Mylabris, Laria, Acanthoecelides or Pachymerus? In my judgment none of these, which have been used, but Ca//losobruchus, which has not been used. Pic in 1902, describing some Bruchidae allied to Bruchus chineneis (Linnaeus) proposed for them and for Chinensis the subgenus Callosobruchus, but did not then nor since elaborate a description which would make maculatus congeneric with chinensis as I believe it to. be. Cal/losobruchus as | understand it is a valid genus of the Bruchinae with the pronotum conical, its sides straight or a little concave, the pronotal margin ob- scured or absent, the pygidium oblique in the 2, subvertical in the «, the hind femur flattened beneath and _ longitudi- nally bicarinate, each carina bearing a tooth near apex, the outer triangular, the inner more acute. The species are strongly sexually dimorphic and in some of them, such as chinensis, the @ antennae are strongly serrate, often being termed pectinate, while in maculatus the joints of the @ an- tennae are slender and subserrate. In form the species may be short and compact, even more so than chinensis, or more elongate, as in maculatus. Pic.emphasizes the callous on the median lobe of the pronotum of chinensis which is present in a more or less developed condition in the species but is not diag- nostic of the genus. Pic indicates in 1912, that he considers chinensis (Linnaeus) as the type but does not quite designate it as such. It is included in the original reference under the synonym scutellaris (Fabricius). Accordingly, in order to put the matter in definite form, Bruchus scutellaris (Fabricius) = Curculio chinensis Linnaeus 1758, is hereby designated as the genotype of Callosobruchus Pic. 1902. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 41 Pachymerus has been used for our species by various authors but here there is no possibility of doubt. We have unfortun- ately two genera called Pachymerus among the Bruchidae, to say nothing of the genera of the same name in Ichneumonidae, Scarabaeidae, and Lygaeidae. The first of these genera to be established (Thunberg 1805) has for its type Bruchus bactris (Linnaeus) bred by Jacquin from the seeds of a palm of the genus Bactris and about as different from maculatus as any member of the family. But were this not the case and we were free to use the Schoenherrian Pachymerus our species is certainly not congeneric with Bruchus brasiliensis Thunberg, fixed by Schoenherr as the genotype. It can only have been placed there in the belief that Pachymerus should serve as a convenient resting place for Bruchidae with spinose femora regardless of cephalic, thoracic, antennal and other characters or of any similarity or difference of femoral structure even. While brasiliensis and maculatus may perhaps fall into the same sub- family, Pseudopachymerus Pic, which takes the place of Pachy- merus Schoenherr, and Callosobruchus are quite as unlike as any two genera of the Bruchinae. The former is naturally confined to the New World and the latter was peculiar to the Old, until the accidents of commerce permitted three of its species to follow their host plants to the New World. aria, Mylabris, and Bruchus are here excluded from consideration since they are synonyms for a genus differing in thoracic, secondary sexual and other characters and if my judgment is sound, worthy of being held distinct. But my apology for M. Caillol and the others who contributed in continuing the error into which he has fallen is not complete. Doubtless he felt it hopeless to determine whether his species might have been described under maculatus or quadrimaculatus, or under ornatus, or sinuatus, or ambiguus, or barbicornis, or bistriotus which have been supposed to fall into this synonymy, or under other names not yet suspected. He doubtless felt that with the present imperfect descriptions he could not de- termine his insect and to give Dr. Trabut a name for his eco- nomic insect he proceeded to describe it as new. Still why should he place it in Acanthoscelides? Here the answer, again, can not be in a word. Herr Schilsky in elaborating the European Bruchidae, like most other workers in the group, felt the need for more genera and transferred a majority of the species into Bruchidius, and after separating these from Bruchus and removing as many as he could to previously described genera, established a convenience genus Acanthoscelides for certain other species of exotic origin es- tablished in EweDrs naturally without recognizing any very good limits for it. Had he had a large familiarity with the Bruchid fauna of the world such as he had of Europe, doubtless 42 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 he would have realized that Bruchus obtectus Say 1831 (in- advertently treated under the later name iresectus Fahraeus 1839) would fall into a large American genus for which it would serve admirably as genotype. Since he did not and his genus still remains without a designated genotype, we may here attend to that most necessary formality. Bruchus irresectus Fahraeus 1839, is hereby designated as genotype of Acanthoscelides Schilsky. Basing the genus upon this type we find it the largest genus of American Bruchidae. The species have the pronotum conical with the surface even, the sides as seen from above straight or convex, the lateral margins rudimentary, not attaining the anterior margin; the front carinate; the hind femur feebly channeled beneath, Jongitudinally bicarinate and the inner carina with a strong tooth and beyond the tooth one, most often two, but exceptionally even three or four denticles; the abdomen with the intermediate sternites abbreviated and the pygidium oblique, often subvertical. Had the genus been described thus, M. Caillol would not have referred his species to Acanthoscelides. Since neither genus had been adequately described, M. Caillol’s reference might well have been made by any coleopterist except those who would revert to the classifi- cation and place all Bruchidae in one or other of two genera. Since 1920 it has been my fortune to examine the literature of the Bruchid genera and I feel quite safe in saying that of the 25, more or less, groups in the family of generic or near-generic rank proposed in the family, not one has been described so as to permit the common or ordinary coleopterist to include in it the species belonging to it and to exclude from it the species which do not, excepting only Bruchus as restricted by Schilsky. Had the condition of the literature permitted M. Caillol to refer the material submitted to him by Dr. Trabut to its species he might have at once directed him to the rich biological and economic literature which records our knowledge of the Cowpea Bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius 1775)). It would be easy to duplicate this picture of confusion of nomenclature and the resulting disorder and delay in economic work in other groups. My purpose in this is to illustrate the necessity for a certain type of entomological specialist nowhere now supported officially and given freedom to work as any miner or creative artist or naturalist must work—as the ore leads. The Bruchidae may serve as well as any other group to illus- trate this need. Personal familiarity with this family calls up a multitude of instances which might be brought out to sup- port my conviction that such specialists must be developed, supported, and used for the good of economic work. Twelve species of Bruchidae have become established in the Hawaiian Islands, four of them having apparently arrived PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 43 since my work upon them began there in 1918. Of these, four are of Old World origin and eight came from the warmer parts of America. All but one have considerable economic importance and have some economic literature concerning them. Two species are still undescribed but one of these has been discussed under a name based on a misidentification and all the economic literature of significance under this name (Bruchus prosopis) refers to this undescribed species. Of these Hawaiian immigrant Bruchidae, two have been referred to the genus 1n which I should place them. I should refer these twelve species to seven genera, for four of these genera avail- able names are found in literature, while three of them require new names. Six of these species seem to be usually referred to by species names which are not those by which thev should be known while five seem to be called by names properly their own. Not once seems legitimately referred to the genus under which it has been usually placed and every one excepting one of the two undescribed species is involved in nomenclatorial con- fusion such that the literature can not be read until unpublished corrections are recorded without erroneous ideas being com- municated. No one but a specialist in the study of the Bruchidae of the world can possibly handle intelligently the questions involved in the names, the habits, and their economics, and no specialist in Bruchidae is employed in the whole world, unless one man is so classed and his official duties are confined to the economics of two species. Instances might be multiplied to weariness of Bruchidae attacking economic plants in all corners of the earth, awaiting the accidents of commerce to spread elsewhere, undescribed, or their habits unknown, or in nomenclatorial confusion, so that one species seems to be two or two to be one, of which we should know and let others know. Such tasks as are thus suggested may be done only by one type of entomological specialist and it is hoped what is here written may further the development and support of such specialists. The tasks to be done by a specialist in Bruchidae are such as other specialists of the same type must do and an outline of some of them seems pertinent here. Some eight hundred names have been given to Bruchidae and the habits of perhaps a hundred are known at least partially but no great advance in biology, or economics are to be looked for until certain foundation work in taxonomy is done. Among the tasks which need doing are these: Stabilization of the nomenclature, determining which generic name should be used for the type genus of the family. + _ Preparation of a catalogue of the binomial names established 44 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 2, FEB., 1929 in the family, so coleopterists may determine if a name used or desired to be used is available or not. At present, no one can determine from any existing catalogue or by any reasonable amount of research whether a proposed binomial may or may not be used. Eleven of our 91 valid described species have recently been changed because of imperfect catalogue work in the past or now require changing. Description of fifty genera, more or less, necessary in the Bruchidae to reduce the work of specific description and to clarify our ideas of distribution. Establishment of a general knowledge among coleopterists of the characters by which Bruchid genera and species may be distinguished. To be secured by publishing properly de- scribed and figured Bruchid species and genera. Criticism of published Bruchid host-plant records, classify- ing them as erroneous, doubtful and certain. Distribution into as many centers of entomological work as possible, extensive collections of authentically named Bruchi- dae from all parts of the world so that local workers may have a basis for their work safer than that formed by descriptions. These tasks completed as they may be in a very few years by a properly supported and assisted specialist, future work in the family would be carried on by local workers and we might hope soon to know the Bruchid enemies we shall need to fight and how to fight them and if, as may be the case, there are Bruchid friends which will help us in fighting plant enemies. Actual date of publication, February 21, 1929 VOL. 31 MARCH, 1929 No. 3 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON CONTENTS CAUDELL, A. N.—COCCONOTUS SCHUNKEI, NEW NAME (ORTHOPTERA: TE LOLGONLID AR e>SEUDORHMEDINAB)|\aueyil oa eelqua s mray) 4). Oe: DYAR, HARRISON G.—A NEW MOSQUITO FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. . 61 DYAR, HARRISON G.—AMERICAN PSYCHODIDAE (DIPTERA) III. ...... 63 SCHAUS, W.—NEW SPECIES OF HETEROCERA (LEPIDOPTERA) FROM SOUTHERN INCONEIT jg) SOs SRE e e OE ERCEEMCU CS, co) ROHWER, S. A.—A NOTE ON THE SYNONYMY OF A BIRCH LEAF MINER... 62 PusiisHeED MontHiy Except Jury, AuGust AND SEPTEMBER a BY THE Ow 5 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON / U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ‘ WASHINGTON, D. C. Ne Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. ~ APR 1119 THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON OrcanizeD Marcu 12, 1884. The regular meetings of the Society are held in the National Museum on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 p. M. Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the ProceEDiNGs and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1929. Honorary: President. Ga 3 ee L. O. HOWARD President. .c2c5 is A ee J. E. GRAF RirsteVice=President =. 2 ae ee ee A. C. BAKER Second VicesPresident, Weel ee cle. cain Aad Re F.C. BISHORE Recording Secreta on, fabs oo ts! fo eet Bee J. S. WADE Corresponding Secretary-Treasurem «0. 5 ws se ee S. A. ROHWER U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. Editor..." 2o SORES REA AE a ee -W, R. WALTON Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D, C, Executive Committee: THe Orricers and C, T, Greeng, A. N, Caupe t, T, E, Snyper, > Representing the Society as Vice-President of the Washington Academy of SCHNTEEAD aap so che! a sen ae eee , oo A, G, BOVING PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. Published monthly, except July, August and September, by the Society at Washington, D. C. Terms of subscription: Domestic, $4.00 per annum; foreign, $4.25 per annum; recent single numbers, 50 cents, foreign postage extra. All subscriptions are payable in advance. Remittances should be made payable to the Entomological Society of Washington. An author of a leading article in the ProceEpinos will be given 10 copies of the number in which his article appears. Reprints without covers will be fur- nished at the following rates, provided a statement of the number desired accompanies the manuscript: 4 pp. 8 pp. 12 pp. 16 pp. 50 copies 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 100 copies 225 4.50 6.75 9.00 Certain charges are made for illustrations and there are available rules and suggestions governing the make-up of articles. Immediate publication in any number may be obtained at the author’s expense. All manuscripts should be sent to the Editor. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL Society OF WASHINGTON VOL. ai MARCH, 1929 No. 3 NEW SPECIES OF HETEROCERA (LEPIDOPTERA) FROM SOUTHERN BRAZIL. By W. Scuaus, Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Department of Agriculture. Mr. E. Dukinfield Jones of England and Glendale, Cali- fornia, has generously presented to the United States National Museum a collection of Heterocera made on his last trip to Brazil. Besides the new species now described, there were a number of others including the previously unknown female of Itambe fenestalis Rag. AMATIDAE Cosmosoma nothina, new species. Female.—Body above benzo brown; a pale orange yellow spot on collar externally, a white spot on shoulder; basal segment of abdomen with two white dorsal spots, subdorsal crimson spots, and a lateral white streak; subdorsal white spots on fourth and fifth segments, also lateral white lines. Body below fuscous; fore coxae cream white, and hind coxae with similar small spots; a lateral crimson spot below wings. Fore wing benzo brown; a medial trigonate hyaline spot in cell, and a larger spot below cell to submedian cut by the line on fold; a hyaline spot beyond cell cut by vein 6, extending somewhat between veins 6 and 5, below 5 reaching termen, but shorter below 4, not reaching vein 2 nor cell; a white streak at base of costa. Hind wing: a narrow postmedial hyaline fascia not reaching above vein 6, and below lower angle slightly inbent; inner margin crimson. Wings below similar. Expanse 32 mm. Habitat——Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33529, U. S. N. M. LITHOSIINAE Illice pacata, new species. Male.—Head and thorax black slightly mottled with dark gray; a red point behind vertex; palpi grayish; throat flesh color. Abdomen eosine pink. Legs flesh color shaded with pale drab gray. Fore wing black irrorated with white especially on basal and terminal areas; a small eosine pink spot at end of cell; a short begonia rose streak at base of inner margin. Hind wing white suffused with La France pink on inner margin and shortly below median vein. Fore wing below drab gray. Hind wing below white faintly tinged with pink on inner margin; an oblong grayish patch on costa from beyond middle to apex. Expanse 20 mm. 46 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33530, U.S. N. M. Described from 3 males. Adoxosia nydiana, new species. Male.—Body black. Fore wing greenish black, faintly glossy. Hind wing rather duller. Wings below olivaceous black. Expanse 22 mm. Habitat——Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33531. U.S. N M. CLEMENDANA, new genus. Male.—Antenna faintly pubescent. Palpi upturned, reaching well above head. Hind tibia with medial and terminal spurs. Fore wing: venation as in Clemensia. Hind wing with venation as in Clemensia but veins 6 and 7 barely stalked at base. Wings without any secondary characters. Type.—Clemendantia pactfera. Clemendana pacifera, new species. Male.—Head, thorax, and fore wing dark drab; neck salmon pink. Abdo- men above and hind wing geranium pink. Thorax below smoke gray, the legs deep mouse gray partly streaked with smoke gray. Abdomen below light ochraceous salmon. Fore wing: white irrorations medially from within cell to inner margin; and some scattered white scales on terminal third; a small white spot at end of cell, and a postmedial white point above vein 1. Hind wing: termen narrowly black from apex diminishing towards anal angle. Wings below paler, the white spot at end of cell on fore wing present. Expanse 26 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33532, U. S. N. M. Described from 3 males. ARCTIINAE Neidalia dulcicula, new species. Female.—Head, thorax and abdomen orange buff; abdomen with lateral black spots; anal hairs whitish. Fore wing pale ochraceous salmon; costal margin, termen narrowly, and cilia orange buff; a fine black line from before middle of subcostal inbent to inner margin; a broken line on discocellular and all the veins beyond middle of wing, except subcostal and those on costa, with fine black lines. Hind wing nearest grenadine pink, the cilia maize yellow. Wings below light orange yellow, the discs suffused with safrano pink; fore wing with black lines on veins 5, 6, and 7. Expanse 35 mm, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 47 Habitat-—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33533, U.S. N. M. NOCTUIDAE Tripseuxoa deeringi, new species. Male.—Body tilleul buff, the palpi below, the head and collar mottled with darker hairs; abdomen more whitish at base, otherwise dorsally irrorated with hair brown. Fore wing tilleul buff thinly irrorated with black scales; some small clusters of black scales at base, subbasally in cell, and antemedially on median and submedian veins; a black point as orbicular; two small black spots as reniform; a curved subterminal series of black points and a terminal series. Hind wing suffused with grayish olive, the costa and cilia white. Female.—One specimen similar to the male, another more thickly irrorated with black, the spots faintly marked, a third specimen, larger, has the vein outlined with fuscous and probably belongs to Tripseuxoa strigata Hps. Expanse: male 36 mm.; female 37 mm. Habitat——Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33534, U. S. N. M. Named in honor of Mr. Charles Deering, who has been gen- erously interested in the museum collection. Described from 7 specimens. Porosagrotis carolia, new species. Female.—Head and collar dusky drab, the front of collar paler shaded. Thorax dark vinaceous drab; a broad white streak on tegulae. Abdomen brownish drab with traces of dark segmental lines. Fore wing light vinaceous brown; costal margin to beyond middle pale grayish vinaceous with a black streak towards base; subcostal and median veins white from base to end of cell; an elongated black mark in cell forming an antemedial triangular streak, constricted just beyond middle of cell and forming beyond a quadrate spot edged above and on discocellular with buffish white; an antemedial white angled line below cell, defined by black and followed by the elongated black claviform; a warm blackish brown shade beyond cell limited by a dark wavy postmedial line, inbent from vein 3 to vein 1; veins on terminal space dark; traces of a brownish subterminal line; a dark terminal line. Hind wing drab, the veins darker; cilia white. Expanse 38 mm. Habitat.—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type—Cat. Not 33535, U. S: N. M. Chabuata araneosa, new species. Male.—Head, collar, thorax, and basal tuft on abdomen dark mouse gray. Abdomen buffy brown. Tarsi with white rings. Fore wing light grayish 48 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 drab, the clearer spaces medially and terminally with scattered black scales, the markings black; a thick subbasal line not reaching inner margin; ante- medial line double, vertical, somewhat lunular; reniform with some pale scaling in lower half; postmedial line dentate outcurved around cell, followed by black spots partly connected and almost forming a curved line; a black and fuscous patch on costa above reniform, and a smaller triangular subterminal spot on costa from which a fine broken line extends to inner margin; a wavy terminal line with black spots on interspaces; cilia with some pinkish buff spots. Hind wing cinnamon drab becoming broadly darker on outer margin with a faint discal spot and darker postmedial line; cilia mostly white. Wings below whitish irrorated with drab; forewing with disc largely suffused with hair brown, a dark line on discocellular and a thick, almost vertical postmedial line. Hind wing with a well marked discal spot and postmedial line. Expanse: male 43 mm.; female 47 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33538, U.S. N. M. Belongs to Sect. III A of Hampson. Mictochroa caulea, new species. Female.—Head whitish, probably green when fresh. Collar pale green edged in front with black. Thorax pale green; the tips of tegulae black, also black mottling on metathorax. Abdomen drab gray irrorated with black, the two basal segments whitish with dorsal black spots and scattered black scales. Fore wing lettuce green; some black scaling on base of costa and below cell; subbasal black scaling in cell and on inner margin; antemedial line whitish on costa with black marking on inner edge, below subcostal of ground color defined by double black lines, sinuous, and incurved on inner margin; space below cell to vein 1 and postmedial largely suffused with fuscous, crossed by a white line from median below the orbicular which is greenish white edged on either side by a black line; middle of cell fuscous not reaching subcostal, end of cell lettuce green and white; double medial, postmedial, and subterminal black spots on costa; from upper angle of cell a black incurved line along disco- cellular, then inbent to inner margin forming with the postmedial a fuscous fascia mottled with dark green, the postmedial being outcurved beyond cell, then wavily inbent to inner margin, a short black line from costa beyond and fine small black spots beyond the fascia; a triangular subterminal black patch between veins 4 and 7, and smaller spots above vein 3 and at fold; marginal black spots; two black lines on cilia at base, the cilia otherwise fuscous with whitish patches. Hind wing finely striated with light drab; the costa broadly white to near termen. Fore wing below aeneous dusky drab. Hind wing below white irrorated with deep purplish vinaceous, especially on terminal space towards apex; a dark discal point and medial line; a terminal fuscous line. Expanse 24 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33556, U. S. N. M. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 49 BOALDA, new genus. Male.—Proboscis small; palpi upturned reaching vertex, the second joint long, well fringed in front, the third joint short, porrect; frons smooth; eyes large, round; antennae with short stiff pectinations. Thorax smooth, clothed with coarse hairs and scales; abdomen with dorsal tuft on basal segment; legs not hairy; hind tibia with two pairs of spurs. Fore wing: costa straight; termen nearly straight to vein 3, then slightly inbent; vein 2 well beyond middle of cell; 3 and 4 apart from lower angle; 5 above lower angle; 6 from upper angle; 7, 8 and 9, 10 from areole; 11 from cell. Hind wing: 3 and 4 from lower angle; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellular; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. Type.—Boalda gyona Schs. Boalda gyona, new species. Male.—Head, collar, and thorax mottled white and light russet vinaceous; the collar edged behind with fuscous black. Abdomen white, the segments irrorated on anterior half with light russet vinaceous. Fore wing cinnamon brown, the markings mostly white; a subbasal broad line incurved from costa to base of vein 1, defined inwardly by a black line; medial space defined by an antemedial black line incurved from subcostal in cell and oblique to inner margin with a white streak above it on costa, and followed in cell by a U-shaped line partly irrorated with russet vinaceous, the outer branch of the U down- turned on outer anterior edge of a narrow russet vinaceous reniform; oblique white streaks on costa above reniform; outwardly the medial space is defined by a white line, inwardly edged with black, wavy, slightly outbent from areole, rounded at vein 4, well incurved below vein 3, partly divided from vein 3 to inner margin by a fine ochraceous tawny line; between veins 5 and 6 the post- medial is connected with the subterminal by a white patch; subterminal line straight from costa to vein 6, incurved from 6 to 4, inangled between 4 and 3, incurved from 3 to tornus, all the veins beyond line white extending to tip of cilia. Hind wing white; a fine russet vinaceous terminal line. Expanse 25 mm. Habitat——Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33557, U.S. N. M. Sotigena solivaga, new species. Male.—Body fuscous; anal hairs white. Fore wing: basal half and costal margin pale brownish drab sparsely irrorated with brown, the outer portion from termen at apex to middle of inner margin benzo brown; a fuscous streak along median; a fine antemedial russet vinaceous line very oblique from costa to near vein | near middle, then incurved and mottled with white scales; post- medial line outbent to beyond cell, then incurved to inner margin near ante- medial line; a black antemedial point in cell, and one at discocellular; a wavy subterminal series of black and white points on veins; terminal short white streaks on veifis; cilia yellowish. Hind wing and underside hair brown. Female.—F¥ore wing: basal and costal areas light vinaceous fawn and similar mottling above tornus; the transverse lines chestnut brown. Expanse 34 mm. 50 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33539, U. S. N. M. GEOMETRIDAE Fulgurodes lilianae, new species. Male.—Antenna black. Head mottled black and white. Thorax black, the tegulae with white patches; metathorax white. Abdomen grayish white with fine dark segmental lines. Fore wing white, the markings black; a fine subbasal line from costa outbent along vein 1, followed on costa by an elongated patch; a diffuse antemedial fuscous shade from subcostal to vein 1, indentate in cell and on fold, and outwardly parallel with medial line which consists of a thick line from a patch on costa, crenulate, slightly projecting at median and vein 2, then incurved and outangled at vein 1; reniform large, narrower in front, containing a large patch. of similar shape; an elongated patch on costa above reniform; postmedial line thick, outcurved and dentate; subtermi- nal line deeply dentate; termen black, its inner edge parallel with subterminal. Hind wing white, the veins and a streak in cell hair brown, a narrow spot at discocellular, its inner edge curved filled in with light drab; postmedial line drab, lunular dentate; subterminal line more deeply dentate; termen as on fore wing. Wings below largely suffused with drab, paler on interspaces before postmedial line; ‘veins hair brown; postmedial line followed by white spots on interspaces; a lunular submarginal white line. Fore wing: a white spot at upper end of cell and white streaks above and below vein 7. Expanse 60 mm. Habitat—Lages, Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33551, U.S. N. M. Named in honor of Mrs. S. (Lilian) Prentiss Baldwin. Specimens occur in both sexes with the white portion suf- fused with drab, especially on fore wing. One male has the fore wing so completely suffused with fuscous that only the black postmedial line is defined and is followed on costa by a small white spot; the hind wing is irrorated with hair brown, very thickly on terminal space; the discal spot is larger in out- line, the postmedial line well defined. For this well-marked form I suggest the name of Fu/gurodes baldwini in honor of Mr. S. Prentiss Baldwin. ; Type.—Cat.. No. 33552, U.S. N. M. Catophaenissa jonesaria, new species. Female.—Palpi and head mottled white and fuscous with more white on vertex. Collar and thorax mostly isabella color, possibly greener when caught, the tegulae with some white scales. Abdomen fuscous blaék. Legs dark mouse gray with white rings. Fore wing from base to postmedial line chiefly light brownish olive; some grayish olive at base of inner margin; a white spot at base of vein 1 and median; antemedial line black inwardly edged with white PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 ail outcurved in cell, from median to vein 1, and on inner margin; medial area with scattered black scales, and a black fascia, outbent from costa to lower angle of cell, then narrower, crenulate and incurved to inner margin; post- medial line fine, black, obliquely incurved to vein 4 broadly edged distad with white, below vein 4 crenulate on interspaces, slightly inbent below vein 3 followed by white with numerous black and light brownish olive striae, these striae also occurring from costa, but more remote from postmedial line; a broken subterminal white line preceded by a rather broad black space from costa to vein 4, also followed by brownish olive and black striae from costa to vein 4; some white scales at apex; some light brownish olive on termen from vein 4 to vein 2, the termen below vein 2 partly white, all with black striae; cilia with white spots on interspaces. Hind wing black; cilia white with black scaling at veins. Fore wing below deep mouse gray with some white scaling along subcostal, at apex and narrowly along termen; a broad black, oblique fascia from middle of costa to inner margin at postmedial, this line black de- fined by some white scaling and a broad white fascia from costa to vein4. Hind wing below dark grayish olive irrorated with black scales, and slightly mottled with white on basal half to anal angle and partly on termen. Expanse 48 mm. Habitat——Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33542, U. S. N. M. I take pleasure in naming this fine species in honor of Mr. BE; WW Jones: Nipteria petrova, new species. Male.—Body and wings clear light drab, the space beyond postmedial line slightly paler. Fore wing: a fine darker transverse line from costa at 8 mm. from base, almost vertical; postmedial line straight, deep brownish drab at 5 mm. from apex of costa to 6 mm. from tip of inner margin; a slight dark line on discocellular. Hind wing: a postmedial faintly curved line at two- thirds from base. On both wings the postmedial is slightly paler edged out- wardly. Wings below slightly darker from base to postmedial line. Expanse 45-48 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33543, U.S. N. M. Two males in collection. Eudule allegra, new species. Male—Body above salmon orange. Palpi white in front; antenna black. Thorax below pinkish cinnamon; venter pinkish buff; anal segment and tufts black; a faint black dorsal line terminally. Fore wing salmon orange; costal edge and cilia on termen black; subcostal, median and submedian veins black except at base; veins 2, 3, 4 and 6 black more finely at termen. Hind wing orange chrome; termen at apex and cilia black. Fore wing below with apex black; no black on veins. Hind wing below as above. Expanse 24 mm. 52 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 Habitat——Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33536, U. S. N. M. Described from 2 males and 2 females. Eudule sororcula, new species. Male.—Body and wings English red; a black dorsal line from collar to black anal segment. Abdomen below pale olive gray. Fore wing: costal edge, termen narrowly and cilia black; veins more heavily black than in E. allegra Schs., but no black on vein 6; an oblique black line from upper angle of cell to vein 4 near termen. Hind wing with termen narrowly, at apex rather wider, and cilia black. Fore wing below with veins, apex broadly and termen from below vein 4 narrowly black. Expanse 21 mm. Habitat.——Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33537, U.S. N. M. A male and a female in collection. Eudule nanora, new species. Male.—Head, body, and wings capucine orange; antenna and tarsi black. Fore wing: costal edge from middle to apex finely black; cilia black from apex to vein 3, then only faintly tipped with black. Expanse 26 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33548, U. S. N. M. Eucymatoge perfica, new species. Female.—Palpi grayish. Head white. Thorax black, the tegulae white edged with black dorsally. Abdomen white with dorsal black markings. Fore wing white, the markings black; an elongated spot from base of costa with a fine line to inner margin, followed by a smaller costal spot, then by a broad fascia slightly outcurved, its outer edge irregular, its central portion partly grayish or white; a fine wavy medial line followed by a postmedial fascia from costa to near vein 4, continued by two fine lines from either edge, more heavily defined from vein 2 to inner margin; a large subterminal patch from costa to vein 6 with a fine line from it to inner margin, followed by black spots from below vein 6 to vein 4 and from below vein 3 to inner margin; ter- men partly fuscous; cilia white with black spots. Hind wing light cinnamon drab, with traces of the lines of underside; a terminal black line; cilia white with black streaks at veins. Fore wing below largely suffused with light brownish drab with only traces of the white. Hind wing below whitish with hair brown subbasal, antemedial, double medial and postmedial lines; termen rather broadly dark. Male—F¥ore wing similar to the female. Hind wing almost white with traces of the lines. Expanse: male 25 mm.; female 28 mm. 9 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 53 Habitat——Santa Catharina, Brazil. Also a specimen received from Rio de Janeiro without precise locality. Three males and three females in collection. Type.—Cat. No. 33540, U. S. N. M. A female is made type owing to its clearer markings. Eucymatoge segnis, new species. Female.—Head white. Thorax white irrorated with gray. Abdomen: base white, the second segment edged behind by a black line and then army brown; following segments grayish white with dorsal black spots. Fore wing: base broadly pale olive gray crossed by a fine inbent subbasal black line from a small spot on costa, followed by a drab gray fascia partly irrorated with white, inwardly edged by a distinct black line, slightly inbent, and outwardly by a fainter black vertical line; outer half of wing light drab partly irrorated with white, chiefly along costal third; a broken fuscous line from costa along disco- cellular; a postmedial fuscous black line outbent on costa and down turned from vein 6 to vein 4, inwardly shaded with fuscous, below vein 4 very faint, lunular, inbent, from costa to vein 4 outwardly edged with white and followed by a faint dark lunular line; traces of a subterminal whitish line; a fine dark terminal line; cilia mostly pale drab gray. Hind wing pale drab gray, the costa whitish; traces of lines on inner margin; a terminal dark line; cilia mouse gray. Wings below mostly drab gray; black streaks on discocellular; a distinct postmedial line; other lines on hind wing faint. Expanse 26 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type—Cat. No. 33541, U.S. N. M. This species is allied to E. (Perizoma) infimbriata Dogn. NARQUENA, new genus. Male.—Antenna minutely serrate. Palpi short, upturned, barely reaching frons. Hind tibia with two pairs of spurs. Fore wing broad; costa convex; apex acute; termen slightly rounded; vein 2 well before angle of cell; 3 near angle; 4 from angle; 5 well above middle of discocellular; 6 from below angle; 7, 8, 9 stalked; 10 absent; 11 suffusing with 12. Hind wing: costa nearly straight, termen rounded, vein 2 well before angle; 3 close to angle; 4 from angle; 5 well above middle of discocellular; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 close to cell for half its length. Type.—Narquena resalaria. This genus belongs to the Hemitheinae. Narquena resalaria, new species. Male.—Head and thorax avellaneous, a white band across vertex. Abdo- men light buff. Fore wing pale ochraceous buff; costal edge white; the two lines fine, hair brown consisting of lunules on interspaces; antemedial line slightly outcurved from subcostal to inner margin; outer line from costa near apex to middle of inner margin; a dark point at discocellular; cilia army brown. 54 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 Hind wing white. Wings below whitish; discal points on both wings. Fore wing: costal margin vinaceous fawn; outer line faint. Hind wing: traces of a broken subterminal line; dark terminal points on interspaces. Expanse 20 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Ty pe—Cat. No. 33550, U.S:.N. M. Anisodes vuha, new species. Female.—Head and body above colonial buff, underneath and legs whitish. Wings above cream buff. Fore wing: a fuscous antemedial line, outbent on costa, outcurved in cell, also from cell to vein 1, faint on inner margin; space from antemedial to beyond cell and from subcostal to vein 1 suffused with mikado brown and fuscous, the latter forming a thick line from costa to inner margin; the veins to postmedial line partly crossed by mikado brown striae; postmedial line fine, lunular and outcurved from costa with some black points on veins. Hind wing: a fine wavily outcurved subbasal line followed from within cell to inner margin by a large patch as on fore wing, the darker medial line reaching costa; postmedial line as on fore wing; cilia on both wings faintly reddish. Wings below whitish, the dark patches visible in transparency; postmedial line distinct somewhat lunular dentate. Expanse 25 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33549, U.S. N. M. This species bears a strong resemblance to some of the species of Semaeopus. NOTODONTIDAE. Rifargia mildora, new species. Female.—Head and thorax benzo brown. Abdomen above drab, underneath light cinnamon drab. Fore wing brownish buff; lines on costa black, the subbasal, antemedial, medial, and postmedial double; a double subbasal line not reaching inner margin; a broad antemedial fuscous suffusion outbent to below cell; a similar narrower medial suffusion outbent to below reniform which is outlined in black and filled in with cinnamon buff; postmedial line outangled at vein 7, then fine, black, crenulate and wavy, closely followed by a diffuse black line narrowest between veins 4 and 6; a pale buffish subterminal line, slightly sinuous with a few white scales on it at veins 2 and 1, and followed on interspaces by short black streaks, ending on termen in faint pale lunules and black points. Cilia fuscous with buffish spots. Hind wing: base buffish to buffy brown, the outer half benzo brown; cilia light buff; a small black and white spot above anal angle. Wings below dull brownish drab, the termen narrowly, and cilia warm buff; a wavy dark terminal line more noticeable on fore wing. Expanse 48 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33553, U. S. N. M. Comes nearest R. docra Schs.. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 55 MEGALOPYGIDAE. Microrape shilluca, new species. Male.—Antenna with shaft white, the pectinations light buff. Body white; fore legs light drab. Wings white somewhat silvery and rather thinly scaled. Expanse 22 mm. Habitat——Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type—Cat. No. 33555, U.S. N. M. Male genitalia Strikingly different from those of any other species in the genus Sacculus of divided harpe ventrally placed, almost as broad as long; apex sharply hooked; similar in general shape to the sacculus of Norape tosca Hopp. (Comp. Hopp’s fig. 176, in Mitteilungen Aus den Zoolog. Mus. Berlin, Band 13, Heft. 2, 1917, p. 327.)- Costal element of harpe slender, smooth, very slightly longer than sacculus. Uncus covered with hair-like spines; dorsally flattened, about one- third as broad as long, from middle to apex triangular and sharply tapering; from base to middle with sides nearly parallel. Aedoeagus moderately long, evenly tapering and with apex sharply curved, smooth; cornuti absent. (C. Heinrich.) Sulychra mataca, new species. Male.—Antenna with shaft white, the pectinations light ochraceous buff Body white; palpi and throat black; fore and hind legs mostly mouse gray. Wings white, the costal edge of fore wing black. Expanse 25 mm. Habitat——Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Type—Cat. No. 33554, U.S. N. M. Male genitalia——Similar to those of S. argentea Butl. as figured by Hopp except: costal element of harpe bulged and broader toward base; from basal fourth to apex slender and of even width. Cornuti a cluster of very short, broad, flat, triangular spines, evenly distributed and filling the aedoeagus. (C. Heinrich.) HEPIALIDAE. Aepytus helga, new species. Female.—Body and fore wings apricot buff, the latter with very faint darker annuli and lines on terminal third and along inner margin. Hind wing salmon buff, the termen apricot buff; a broad subterminal series of grayish olive lines along veins partly connected by similar shading. Wings below dusky vinaceous fawn, the termen cinnamon buff. Expanse 57 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33544, U.S. N. M. 56 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 Aepytus munona, new species. Male.—Head and thorax cinnamon buff, the abdomen faintly paler. Fore wing ochraceous buff becoming paler at termen; costal edge dark brownish drab; small brownish drab spots along costal margin, not entering cell, a few spots on inner margin and faint terminal points on interspaces; a slight darker shade from base below cell to middle of inner margin, the space below it pinkish buff. Hind wing pale orange yellow. Wings below duller, the costa of fore wing suffused with drab gray. Expanse 35 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33545, U.S. N. M. Aepytus verresi, new species. Male.—Antenna with shaft white, the pectinations pale drab gray. Head, thorax and terminal half of abdomen dorsally hair brown; base of abdomen above light cinnamon drab. Fore wing largely drab gray; costal margin darker, the edge fuscous, with a medial, postmedial, and more remote white spot; an antemedial oblique semilunar silver spot in cell edged with mars brown; a triangular mars brown spot at end of cell crossed by an oblique silver line which follows its lower edge, is inbent and interrupted at median vein with a yellow ocher patch below it in extra cell; postmedial space broadly pale drab gray limited by a fine dark outer line parallel with termen; a broad white space from line to termen from vein 5 to above vein 6; terminal white lunules at tornus edged above with mars brown. Hind wing drab partly suffused with cinnamon drab. Expanse 35 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33546, U.S. N. M. Comes nearest 4epytus oreas Schs. PYRALIDAE. CRAMBINAE. Erupa nampa, new species. Female.—Head and thorax cinnamon drab, the abdomen silky brownish vinaceous. Fore wing purplish cinnamon drab faintly irrorated with darker scales; a small dark medial spot in cell at subcostal vein; a slight dark shade on discocellular and a fine fuscous line from it to middle of inner margin; a remote postmedial series of black points on veins followed by a series of small angled spots on interspaces; cilia tipped with fuscous. Hind wing silky light pinkish cinnamon. Expanse 45 mm. Habitat—Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—Cat. No. 33547, U.S. N. M. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31 PROC, ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. dl PLATE 4 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 61 PrArEes Pamemtile 1. Cosmosoma nothina. 16. Porosagrotis carolia. 2. Eudule sororcula. 17. Mictochroa caulea. 3. Clemendana pacifera. 18. Eucymatoge segnis. 4. Eudule nemora. 19. Narquena resalaria. 5. Microrape shilluca. 20. Rifargia mildora. 6. Nipteria petrova. 21. Aepytus munona. 7. Catophaenissa jonesaria. 22. Aepytus helga. 8. Fulgurodes lilianae. 23. Aepytus verrest. 9. Fulgurodes baldwini. 24. Chabuata araneosa. 10. Sotigena solivaga. 25. Erupa nampa. 11. Neidalia dulcicula. 26. Tripseuxoa deeringi. 12. Eudule allegra. 27. Boalda gyona. Yw Nome) 13. Tice pacata. 14. Adoxosia nydiana: 15. Sulychra mataca, . Eucymatoge perfica. 29. Antsodes vuha. A NEW MOSQUITO FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. By Harrison G. Dyar. Rachionotomyia microcala Dyar, new species. Female.—Palpi very short, dark. Proboscis long, curved, not as long as the abdomen, black. Occiput with broad grayish black scales and a continu- ous white border behind the eyes, narrow above, broader ventrally. Prothoracic lobes with broad gray-white scales; mesonotum with rather broad curved scales, dark gray with a slaty cast. Pleurae grayish-white scaled. Postnotum with a patch of very fine, rather long hairs posteriorly, not at all bristle-shaped. Abdomen slaty black above, venter and straight continuous lateral line, as well as the top of the last segment grayish white scaled, the lateral white slightly notching the dark at the segmental incisures. Legs black, the femora white- lined below. Wing-scales narrow, dark. Length without the proboscis about 4 mm., being a rather large species. Male.—Coloration of the female. The palpi are broken in the single speci- men of this sex. Hypopygium: General structure as in Rachionotomyia powelli Ludl. Side piece short, stout, blunt, simple, the hairs on the inner side toward base fine and short. Clasper with enlarged base, slender, long, curved, the tip distinctly inflated and with a short subterminal point. Tenth sternites forming a small central cone. Ninth tergites conical, as in 4édes, each with long dense bristly setae. Type, &, Cat. No. 41861, U. S. N. M. Allotype, 9, Cat. No. 41861, U. S. N. M. Paratynes, 24 o.. Cat. No. 4136), Us S. Noi M. One male, three females, raised from larvae from a Pitcher Plant from the Bamban River, Pampanga, Luzon, Philippine Islands, by Captain F. O. Stone, Medical Corps, U. S. Army, December, 1927. 62 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 The comparatively short proboscis is uncharacteristic of Rachionotomyia, as well as the absence of the usual brilliant coloration. Prothoracic lobes with irregularly distributed setae; two proepimeral setae; two fine spiracular setae; sterno- pleura bare and darkly colored except its posterior third, which has dense scales and setae, but no setae above this area; two prealar setae. Perhaps allied to the Australian Rachisoura sylvestris Theo- bald; but the wing-scales are all hair-like, not rather broad as in Theobald’s figure of sy/veséris. A NOTE ON THE SYNONYMY OF A BIRCH LEAF MINER. By S. A. Rouwer, Plant Quarantine and Control Administration, Washington, D. C. Within the last few years a species of sawfly has been attract- ing considerable attention by the mining of leaves of birches in parts of Maine and of Canada. The species responsible for the damage belongs to a genus not native to the American continent, although adults of it were described in 1909 by Dr. MacGillivray as a new genus and species, Ph/lebatrophia mathesoni. An examination of the series of American speci- mens of the birch leaf miner in the collection of the National Museum and a comparison with European material and litera- ture convince me that the species described by MacGillivray is, as he suggests, the same as the European form, Phy//lotoma nemorata (Fallén). The Museum collection contains adults of this leaf miner from New Glasgow, Nova Scotia (paratypes), and from Fredericton, New Brunswick, and Bar Harbor, Maine. These specimens vary some in color and some of them differ in minor details of color and venation from the paratypes of MacGillivray’s species. The variation in color is not greater than that recorded for zemorata by such writers as Cameron, Morice and Enslin, and the variation in venation is of a type which would be expected in species of the genus Phyl/otoma. In describing the species, Dr. MacGillivray placed it in a new genus, PA/lebatrophia, which he differentiated from Phyl lotoma Fallén largely because the base of the radial sector was atrophied. While this character exists in his specimens and is more or less distinct in all of the other specimens before me, I do not believe it is of generic importance. An exami- nation of other species of the genus Phy//lotoma from Europe indicates that they could not be satisfactorily separated into two genera by means of this character alone. There are a few structural differences between the genotype of PA/leba- trophia and vagans (Fallén), the genotype of Phy/lotoma, but these differences are not, in my opinion, of sufficient import- PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 63 ance to justify recognition of two genera. I believe that Phlebatrophia MacGillivray should be considered a direct synonym of Phyllotoma Fallen. Omitting the numerous references to the European literature and the synonymy as it has been determined in Europe and published by Enslin and others, the following references apply to the American form: Phyllotoma nemorata (Fallén). Hylotoma nemorata FauLEN, Svensk. Vet-Akad. Handl., vol. 29, 1808, p. 47, ia, PS Phyllotoma nemoralis FatteN, Monogr. Tenthred. Suec., 1829, p. 35, n. 18. Phyllotoma nemorata (FAtLEN) Enslin, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 1914, Beiheft, pp. 257-258. Phlebatrophia mathesoni MacGi.uivray, Can. Ent., vol. 41, 1909, p. 345. Cameron, Enslin, and others have commented that the male of this species is not known. All of the American specimens before me are females. AMERICAN PSYCHODIDAE (DIPTERA) III.! By Harrison G. Dyar. Pericoma signata (Banks). Psychoda signata Banks, Can. Ent., xxxiii, 274, 1901. Pericoma megantica Curran, Can. Ent., lvi, 217, 1924. Specimens before me from the vicinity of Washington, D. C.., do not agree well with Banks’s description, although determined under this name. It is possible that his specimens were in indifferent condition, as is too often the case with captured Psychodidae. I have also a specimen of megantica, determined by Dr. Curran. The species is in general similar to Pericoma americana Kinkaid (=interrupta Banks = satellitia Dyar) and was found by me in the same location, although on a different date. It is easily distinguished in good specimens by the two raised black tufts on the disk of the wing, the row of whitish patches between the veins along the outer margin, and the three last black joints of the tarsi. Adults were found flying on a large moist rock in dense woods. The antennae of the two sexes are much alike (Figs. 1 and 2), 17-jointed, the last joint forming a thick “‘spike,’’ the second or spherical joint larger in the male than in the female. The upper pair of claspers of the male hypopygium terminate in four, five or even six appendages (Fig. 3); the aedoeagus stem is slender, widening into a sheath-like tip (Fig. 4). Localities before me are: Niagara Glen, Ontario, June 1, 1Dr. Dyar died January 21, 1929, 64 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 3, MAR., 1929 1926 (G. S. Walley); Franconia, New Hampshire (Mrs. A. T. Slosson); Marlboro, Maryland, May 13 (H. S. Barber); Plum- mers Island, Maryland, September and October, 1905 (Barber & Schwarz); Cabin John, Maryland, September 18, 1927 (H. G. Dyar); Pimmit Run, Virginia, September 26, 1913 (F. Knab). Psychoda helicis, new species. Specimens preserved in alcohol and practically denuded; darkly colored, the wing membrane dusky, apparently sparsely covered with dark gray hairs without tufts or markings; a thick tuft at base of wing below. The antennae are 16-jointed in both sexes, the last three joints small and spherical, those of the male (Fig. 5) with larger joints and longer necks than those of the female (Fig. 6). The female abdomen is bluntly ended without trace of ovipositor apparent. Male hypopygium (Fig. 7) with the upper claspers arising from a large excavated plate, finely hairy, with two long conspicuously inserted fila- ments at tip. Lower claspers reduced, the basal joint setose on one side and tip only; second joint cleaver-shaped, flat, with reduced setae on one margin. The legs are dark with small whitish rings at the apices of the tarsal joints. Type, male, No. 41,186, U. S. Nat. Mus.; paratypes, males and females, 17 mounted on slides, 5 dry on card-points, Central Jaroni, Cuba, September 26, 1927, reared from snails (H. K. Plank, through W. A. Orton, Director of the Tropical Plant Research Foundation). No pupae or larvae of this Psychodid were sent, but in the same bottle were many larvae and pupae, together with two adults (winged males) of a Phorid, which Mr. C. T. Greene has determined as Puliciphora borinquensis Wheeler. Mr. Greene says that the Phorid breeds in dead and decaying snails, which is probably true of the Psychodid also. The Psychodid apparently develops faster than the Phorid, since only adults of the former were sent, and of the latter mostly larvae and pupae. COCCONOTUS SCHUNKEI, NEW NAME (ORTHOPTERA: TETTI- GONIIDAE: PSEUDOPHYLLINAE). By A. N. CaupeE tt. The Cocconotus similis described by the author! from Peru is found to be a prime homonym of the previously described Cocconotus similis of Giglio-Tos,? a species from Ecuador now referred to the genus Acanthodiphrus. A new name being required for Cocconotus similis Caudell, the specific name schunkei is here proposed for that purpose. 1Ins. Insc. Mens., vol. vi, p. 39 (1918). 2Boll. Mus. Torino, vol. xiii, No. 311, pp. 97, 98 (1898). Actual date of publication, April 9, 1929 ¢ VOL. 31 APRIL, 1929 No. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE EKNTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON CONTENTS CLAUSEN, CURTIS P.—BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON POECILOGONALOS THWAITESII (WEsTW.), PARASITIC IN THE COCOONS OF HENICOSPILUS (HYMEN.: LGC IN IAAT) See eRe CG go) EA a et. Se ap ae en ne Gis JOHANSSEN, O. A.—A NEW SCIARID FROM LURAY CAVERN, VIRGINIA (DIP- BER EMRORTORREUTDAE)) Go ha cs) ci Sn fete +. vel ba eo. eee (OS ROHWER, S. A.—A NEW SPECIES OF TRIGONALID OF THE GENUS POECILO- CONAUO San Te een a SN oR, yal ot ol eon | Meee ee eR OS SNYDER, THOS. E.—NEW TERMITES FROM THE ANTILLES AND MIDDLE PSVIETRGACM Es Wot Manne REY. area ho ey cae Ree) i pee Pus.isHeD MontruHiy Excepr Jury, AuGust AND SEPTEMBER > BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, atthe Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24) 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized_July 3, 1918. - THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON OrcanizeD Marcu 12, 1884. The regular meetings of the Society are held in the National Museum on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 Pp. M. Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the ProceEDINGs and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1929. Honorary Prestdent .. .a0s 2% 1S ee eee President Ge 248 2. sR OS OR Porst¥1cesPresident.. .. 203 aes Sn ee Second VicesPresident 2 .(.0. 14 2%. 2 44D. ee Recording Secretary =. 0s ams 6% 4 ES ee ee ee Corresponding Secreiary-Treasurer < . .-. 2%... .. . 8. A ROMWEE U.S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. | TTT) a AR te RS - = so 5, Wo RS WATIRORS Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C. Executive Committee: THe Orricers and C. T. Greene, A. N. CaupeE.t, T. E. Snyper. Representing the Society as Vice-President of the Washington Academy of SELENEES: —s, Sivoo ann Be Sie s ln Moke eet ets 0 ee PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. Published monthly, except July, August and September, by the Society at Washington, D. C. Terms of subscription: Domestic, $4.00 per annum; foreign, $4.25 per annum; recent single numbers, 50 cents, foreign postage extra. All subscriptions are payable in advance. Remittances should be made payable to the Entomological Society of Washington. An author of a leading article in the Proceeptncs will be given 10 copies of the number in which his article appears. Reprints without covers will be fur- nished at the following rates, provided a statement of the number desired accompanies the manuscript: 4 pp. 8 pp. 12 pp. 16 pp. 50 copies 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 100 copies 2.25 4.50 6.75 9.00 Certain charges are made for illustrations and there are available rules and suggestions governing the make-up of articles. Immediate publication in any number may be obtained at the author’s expense. All manuscripts should be sent to the Editor. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON VOL. 31 fee RE £929 No. 4 A NEW SPECIES OF TRIGONALID OF THE GENUS POECILOGONALOS. By S. A. Rouwer, Bureau of Entomology. Mr. C. P. Clausen has made some very interesting observa- tions on two species of the genus Poecilogonalos. One of these forms appears to be new and the following description is pre- sented so the observations on its habits may be recorded under a name. / Poecilogonalos henicospili, new species. Allied to Poecilogonalos mimus Cockerell and P. fulvoscutellata Ayyar but differs from both of these forms in having the scutellum largely black. From mimus it also differs in the tridentate mandibles. Female.—Length 8 mm. Mandibles tridentate, teeth large; clypeus feebly and sparsely punctured, the anterior margin with a shallow, arcuate median emargination; frons with close distinct punctures; vertex and orbits shining, with distinct well separated punctures; scutum and scutellum closely and rather coarsely reticulato-granular; punctures on second tergite close, sometimes con- fluent. Castaneous with yellow and black markings; antennae castaneous; mandibles (except apices), two large, nearly confluent spots on clypeus, spot at base of each antenna, inner orbits, narrower near top of eye, a diagonal mark from inner orbital spot to near lateral ocellus, triangular spot below anterior ocellus, lateral posterior margin of pronotum, sides of prescutum, spot on side of scutellum, three nearly confluent spots on metanotum, two large ovate spots on propodeum, apical margin of first tergite, apical margin of second ter- gite (narrowing and slightly interrupted medianly), large spots on lateral margin of fourth and following tergites, apical margin of first and second sternites, and spots above mid and hind coxae yel/ow or yellowish; legs yellowish, a brownish spot on anterior face of hind coxa, dorsal margin of femora more or Jess blackish, tibiae suffused with brownish apically; prosternum, mesosternum, sides and median line on propodeum, and base of second tergite and sternite blackish. Wings subhyaline, the usual dusky spot covering the second and third cubitals and apical part of radial cells. Head and thorax with white hair. Male—Length 7 mm. Yellow markings similar to those of female but the castaneous color is replaced almost entirely by black. The apical margin of third tergite is castaneous. The second sternite is flat, not convex as in female. 66 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 Type locality —Jorhat, Assam. Type, allotype and paratypes.—Cat. No. 40978 U. S. N. M. Described from four specimens, type, allotype, and two paratypes, reared by C. P. Clausen from cocoons of Henicos- pilus rufus Tosq. in March, 1927, and recorded under Clausen No. 2084. Poecilogonalos thwaitesii (Westwood). Schulz, 1907, Genera Insectorum, fasc. 61, p. 9, uses the name pulchella Westwood for this species but it seems desirable to adhere to the principle “Once a homonym, always a hom- onym,” and use the new name suggested by Westwood in 1874. A good series of specimens which agree very well with West- wood’s description were secured by C. P. Clausen at Jorhat, Assam. These specimens have the castaneous replaced by black and show some variation in the extent of the yellow markings. In one female the yellow on the head is unusually extensive.\ Two specimens have the second recurrent wanting or only faintly indicated. There is some variation in the closeness of the punctures on the frons. Poecilogonalos mimus Cockerell. Poecilogonalos mimus Cockerell, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol. 20, no. 7, 1920, p. +8t- Issued October 30, 1920. 1G{ Professor Cockerell requested that his type of P. mimus be compared with the original description of P. fulvoscutellata Ayyar. The type of Cockerell’s species agrees very closely with Ayyar’s description for P. fulvoscutellata and at first it seemed that the two were synonymous. The mandibles of mimus are quadridentate while Ayyar described his species as having tridentate mandibles. The number of the Records of the Indian Museum! con- taining Ayyar’s paper was not received in Washington until after Professor Cockerell’s paper was published but it is pre- sumed that it was issued prior to the October number of the Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. ‘Records Indian Mus., vol. 16, pt. 7, Dec. 1919, p. 471. Received Washing- ton, November 29, 1920. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 67 BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON POECILOGONALOS THWAITESII (WESTW.), PARASITIC IN THE COCOONS OF HENICOS- PILUS (HYMEN: TRIGONALIDAE).! By Curtis P. CLausen, Entomologist, United States Department of Agriculture. In July, 1921, Mr. Cho Teranishi, then assistant in the in- vestigations upon the parasites of Popillia japonica in Japan, observed a female Trigonalid in the act of oviposition upon the foliage of bamboo at Sapporo, Hokkaido. This female was captured and placed in a breeding cage for observation. Several thousand eggs were laid upon the foliage provided, and always upon the under surface, a short distance from the margin. This peculiar habit of oviposition was of exceptional interest, as the only other hymenopterous groups known to have a similar habit were the Perilampidae (Perilampus), which oviposit on the leaf in the vicinity of the host, and the Euchari- dae (Schizaspidia) which deposit the eggs en masse within the buds of trees. In both of these cases the planidia make their way to the host after hatching. A search was made for additional material, and in the follow- ing September the writer secured a series of six females at Jozankai, about twenty miles from Sapporo. These were found along a shaded forest path, and were depositing their eggs exclusively upon the foliage of clover. Some eggs were later secured in cages, but these, as well as the lot secured by Mr. Teranishi, failed to hatch. The following season a search was made for further material, but without success, and no additional progress could be made at that time in the study of this most interesting group of parasites. During 1925 the writer had occasion to visit the Indian Tea Planters Experiment Station at Tocklai, near Jorhat, Assam, India, and in the insect collection at that station a number of specimens of a Trigonalid were observed, with the cocoons from which they had emerged. Mr. E. A. Andrews, ento- mologist of the station, stated that these cocoons had been secured from the soil when the tea gardens were hoed during the winter. At this time the coolies employed in such work were usually instructed to collect all insect cocoons, pupae and larvae encountered, and these were either set aside for parasite emergence or destroyed. Through the courtesy of Mr. An- drews the writer was enabled to make extensive collections of cocoons during the following two seasons. In February, 1926, a series of 28 cocoons were secured, and from them emerged late in April and early in May two males and five females of the Trigonalid found in the Tocklai col- lection. Specimens submitted to Mr. S. A. Rohwer have been 1Contribution No. 45, fapanese Beetle Laboratory, Moorestown, N. 7. 68 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 determined as Poecilogonalos thwaitesii (Westw.). Examina- tion of the cocoons from which these adults emerged showed conclusively that the species was a secondary parasite, and the further rearings established the fact that the cocoons were those of Henicospilus rufus Tosq.! The host of this Ichneu- monid is not known, but-a study of the host records of other species indicates that it is a lepidopterous larva, probably of the Noctuidae. THE LIFE HISTORY OF POECILOGONALOS THWAITESIT. During the seasons of 1926 and 1927 extensive collections were made of Henicospilus rufus cocoons for study and rearing, and a total of 356 of these was secured at this time. The primary object of the study was to determine the manner of hatching and to secure the first-stage larva for comparison with the first-stage larvae of other Hymenoptera of similar habit. Although this object was not accomplished, a considerable amount of information was secured regarding the biology of this obscure group. A considerable number of adults were reared out and caged in pairs for mating. This was never actually observed to occur, though in every case a few days confinement resulted in serious mutilation of the males, the legs and antennae being bitten off and the wings lacerated. It is possible that this occurred during or after attempted mating. Oviposition.—In depositing her eggs the female first runs rapidly over the upper surface of the leaf, and when satisfied as to its suitability, approaches the margin, turns and curves the tip of the abdomen under it, and places the egg about .5 mm. from the margin. Only an instant is required for the operation, and it may be repeated immediately. This egg (fig. 2) measures only 0.12 mm. in length, is ellipsoidal in form, and its ventral surface is flat. It is covered with a white, vitreous shell bearing from five to seven longitudinal ridges, which also extend ventrally entirely around the egg and con- verge at the anterior end. This shell is very tough, though flexible, and is complete upon the mature eggs in the ovarian tubes. The egg when deposited upon the algae adheres only lightly to it. The maximum number of eggs obtained from a single female was 10,641. In this instance oviposition extended over a period of fourteen days. Another individual laid a total of 4,376 eggs in a single day. A third female was observed to 1Determined by Mr. G. R. Dutt, Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, Bihar, India. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 69 deposit twenty-seven eggs within one minute. This is a rate of oviposition far in excess of that recorded for any other parasitic hymenopteron, and provides for an exceptionally high per- centage of mortality in the early stages. In the case of one gravid female dissected, the ovaries were found to comprise a total of 657 ovarioles, and in them were contained 8,218 mature eggs and an undetermined number in various stages of develop- ment. It is probable that the normal number of eggs de- posited in the field is in excess of that here given for a caged female. Oviposition was obtained upon the leaves of a wide range of plants, and little preference seemed to be shown except in the case of citrus, which was largely refused. Leaves having a serrate margin seemed to be favored, though not to a marked extent. Eggs were laid freely upon the leaf petioles and even upon stems, not exceeding four millimeters in diameter, pro- vided they were in a horizontal position. A considerable num- ber of eggs were deposited upon the edge of paper strips in the feeding tubes, and even upon the edge of a glass slide which had been smeared with a decoction of tea leaves. Where abundant upon leaves these eggs appeared as a fine, white line one-half millimeter within the margin on the lower side. A total of many thousands of these were secured for experi- mental purposes, upon various surfaces and upon growing plants. The first lot of eggs secured was found upon Euphorbia leaves in April, 1926. These were kept in vials, under conditions of moderate moisture throughout the summer, and examination at intervals revealed that sufficient development had taken place for the general form of the body to be well defined, though eventually all the incipient larvae died without hatching. Further material was secured in 1927, with a like result. It was finally surmised that these eggs must be eaten by the secondary host to provide the necessary stimulus for the com- pletion of development and hatching, a requirement known to exist among several species of Tachinidae. Owing to the pressure of other work at the time it was not possible to in- vestigate this point experimentally, and no proof is as yet available to support the conjecture. The fact that three lots of eggs, each numbering several thousand, died after reaching a certain stage of development would indicate some departure from the normal mode among the Hymenoptera, and point to the eating of eggs by the host as very probably essential to de- velopment. Tue First Larvat Srace.—Although living larvae of this stage have not as yet been secured it was possible to determine their general form from a dissection of the eggs containing the 70 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 partially developed embryos. The form is in general similar to that of Perilampus, having a well defined head and tapering body. Neither the head nor the body was as heavily chiti- nized as a fully developed larva, and the ventral plates, with their spines and setae, were not distinguishable; but the three ventral hooks upon the thorax, similar to those of Per ilampus, were distinctly evident. It may be assumed therefore that the primary larva of Poecilogonalos thwaitesii is of the planidium type, and capable of both locomotion and penetration. Its length is approximately .12 mm. Tue Post-Emsryonic Forms.—In view of the fact that it was not possible to study the life history of the species in its logical order from the egg to the adult, it was necessary to work backwards from the successive known forms. In this instance the pupa was recognizable without possibility of con- fusion with other forms present, and with this identification as a beginning it was necessary to associate each successive known stage with the one immediately preceding it. To do this two means were employed; first, the dissection of host cocoons during the late winter and early spring, while develop- ment from the first larval stage to maturity is proceeding quite rapidly, and, second, the examination of the contents of cocoons from which Poecilogonalos had already emerged. Using the first method, a total of 187 fresh cocoons were cut open and the contents examined under the binocular microscope and a record made of all parasitic forms, of whatever stage, con- tained in them. In the examination of 64 empty cocoons from which Poecilogonalos had emerged, a record was likewise kept of all larval remains found, principally mandibles, and these were compared with the living forms obtained from the former lot. In the living material a total of 28 distinct larvae of different stages and species were found, and the problem was then presented of isolating the relatively few Poecilogonalos from among them. Several Chalcidoidea, parasitic externally and internally, were readily distinguishable and segregated, but the various other Ichneumonoidea present involved greater difficulties. Those others, however, were found in relatively small numbers as compared with Poecilogonalos. The number of additional parasite species actually reared from the several hundred Henicospilus cocoons collected and set aside for emergence was nine, none of which was responsible for more than 3 per cent of the total parasitism. Tue Firru Larvat Srace.—In many instances the cocoons dissected showed a large robust larva with distinctive tridentate mandibles (Plate 5, fig. 6) feeding externally upon the dead ee — NUIMIBER. OF /ND/ VIDUALS PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 a prepupa of Henicospilus. ‘These larvae were set aside for development, and in due time reached the pupal stage and finally emerged as adult Poecilogonalos. Further, these dis- tinctive mandibles were always found in the pupal chamber from which Poecilogonalos had emerged, and consequently this form could be definitely listed as the final larval stage of P. thwaitesii. In one instance an empty cocoon was found to contain two pairs of these tridentate mandibles. The dissections of living cocoons had failed to show a single case in which two individuals HEAP WIDTHS (N HUNDRETHS OF A P4/LLIMIETER * 56 BIO 42 44 4646 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 a PREECE EH ET | DEAS. sae o ese ar a eRe Rte NEN if id E CO SSR R SSR ERaS seeeEiReee miele a7 [obs )abs[ dup JU). bh oS See ee BAN AA | tebe ef Be eee ee Fig. 1. Frequency curve showing the measurements, in hundredths of a millimeter, of the head widths of 75 third-stage larvae of Poecilogonalos thwaitesii. had reached the final larval stage on the same host, and rearings never yielded more than one. This recovery, of two pairs of mandibles, in conjunction with the finding of a fifth-stage larva containing within its body a larva of the third stage, would indicate that the presence of the two pairs of mandibles above referred to had come about by the one larva reaching the final stage and then succumbing to the attack of the larva of an earlier stage within its own body, this later one then giving rise to the adult which finally emerged. Such a course of development would call for penetration by the planidium, first, of the tertiary (lepidopterous?) host, second, of the larva of Henicospilus and finally that of its own species. Tue Fourrn Larvat Srace.—The fourth larval stage is much less robust than the fifth, and has small, simple mandibles. & ‘ha PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 Its relation to the latter was established by the finding of nine larvae of the fifth stage, with the cast skin only partially re- moved from the body, and of one of the fourth stage, showing clearly the developing tridentate mandibles just back of the head. This is the stage in which emergence from the body of the host is effected, and it may be found either within the host or outside of it. Tue Tuirp Larvar Srace.—This large-headed larva is most distinctive as compared with all the others observed, and was linked to the fourth by the finding of four individuals in the process of molting. The wide variation in head widths among those observed, ranging from 0.36 mm. to 0.86 mm., led first to the assumption that two species were involved, but this was later disproved by the presence of head capsules of all sizes in the cocoons from which Poecilogonalos had emerged. The measurements of the head widths of 75 individuals gave a uni- form gradation, as shown in the accompanying figure, and no basis could be found for a division into two groups. Several observations of interest in connection with this stage were made during the course of the dissections. The maximum number of larvae of the third stage found in a single host was four, with an average of 1.8 for all parasitized Henicospilus prepupae. In this third stage the Poeci/ogonalos larvae show a pronounced canibalistic tendency, and when a number are present in the one host body several of them are usually dead owing to lacerations produced by the heavy, sickle-shaped mandibles. However, not all which fail to reach maturity die in this manner; many are apparently driven to the posterior portions of the body of the host, where they fail to effect emergence, and eventually die. In two instances larvae of this stage were found parasitic internally within others of the same species and stage, and one was found within a fifth- stage larva. This situation is quite distinct from canibalism, the usual means of elimination of the surplus numbers of an internal parasite, and is a phenomenon seldom recorded hereto- fore. It would tend to show in this case that the Poecilo- gonalos planidium exhibits little discrimination as to the sort of host larva which it enters and would appear to be able to develop within almost any hymenopterous larva which might be present in the body of the secondary host. Two individuals were actually reared from undetermined Ichneumonids para- sitic upon Henicospilus. Tue Seconp Larva. Stace.—The second larval stage has not yet been definitely associated with the planidium or with the distinctive third stage, but is included on the assumption that an intermediate form must occur between these two. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 7s The planidium measures approximately 0.12 mm. in length, while that which is termed the third stage averages 2.5 mm., the heavily chitinized head alone having an average width of 0.66 mm. With such a disparity in size between the two forms the requirement for an intermediate stage can hardly be questioned, and three individuals (Plate 5, fig. 3), which alone fulfilled all requirements, were actually observed. These measured from 0.8 to 1.2 mm. in length, and possessed large, globular heads, unchitinized, and with simple mandibles widely spaced ventrally. This form could not be associated with any of the other parasites contained in the material examined, but, likewise, could not be recovered from the empty parasitized cocoons. The failure to recover it may be attributed to the lack of any well defined parts that could be recognized after molting, and in the earlier dissections such a form was not anticipated. The relatively small number recognized may be due to the difficulty of detecting them and, again, to a probable relatively short duration of the period. Summary of Dissections of Henicospilus Cocoons: Nitmmberroteicesivcocoons dissected se wetea ee een ee ee ee 187 Numbencontainineviersicosp7/us pupae ee 11 Number containing unparasitized Henicospilus larvae or prepupae........._ 47 Number containing parasitized Henicospilus larvae, prepupae or pupae. 129 Of this number there were: ICES tA eM DOCCHOMOIGIUS Serene me ee Eee teeee een eee ere 7 [Povine{al nesecnaye J Plalciar Wo pena 171 fo atcs ae Sa ae at ne ee tee ea ee 8 Mitind=stase:Pocctiocanmlos= et ee te ee eee 79 ECOG ESCA Ce OCGUL0 C01) 0p teens Se ee ee ee eee 3 Pupae, Poectlogonalos_..._.._____.._.___.... Ee eee seh A eee + Wantous states .Onoticrm Spccless es = teeter Sane ee eee 28 Percentage of parasitism of the fresh cocoons by Poecitlogonalos........... 54 In the 64 empty cocoons examined the tridentate mandibles of the fifth stage were always recovered in the pupation cell of those cocoons from which Poeci/ogonalos had emerged, as were also the large, heavily chitinized heads of the third stage, while only 39 of that number yielded the remains of the fourth stage. In this case there was no certainty as to the location of the cast skin, as it might be within the decaying body of the host or external to it, or, finally, it might be retained as a light pad at the caudal end of the fifth stage larva and thus be included in the contents of the pupation chamber. Of the 10 cocoons which yielded other Ichneumonoidea none showed the triden- tate mandibles, though 4 were found to contain the large head capsules similar to, but distinguishable from, the third stage of Poecilogonalos. 74 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 THE DEVELOPMENT OF POECILOGONALOS THWAITESII. On the basis of dissections made during 1926 and 1927 it appears that Poecilogonalos thwaitesii passes the early part of the winter in the first larval stage within the mature larva of Henicospilus, the cocoon of whichis normally formed in the soil. Emergence of Henicospilus under natural conditions at Jorhat takes place in March, with Poeci/ogonalos appearing slightly later. The material collected during January and February and taken to Shillong (elevation 5,000 ft.) for emergence, yielded adult Henicospilus from March 7 to April 6 and the Poecilogonalos adults appeared from March 8 to April 24. The peak of host emergence was about March 15, whereas Poecilogonalos was quite evenly distributed throughout its longer period. The January and February collections were made too late to include the planidium stage, as development had already progressed beyond that point. Tue Tuirp Larva Stace.—The third stage is a very robust larva and moves freely through the body of its host. At this time the host is approaching pupation, but becomes greatly weakened through the feeding of the parasite. With only a single larva within its body the host usually remains alive until the emergence of the larva for external feeding, but when two or more are present death occurs as the prepupal stage is reached, and while the Poecilogonalos larvae are still in the third stage. The parasites are able to feed and develop for a relatively considerable time following the death of the host, and mature without difficulty. In the normal course of development, however, the third stage completes its feeding in the living host. When the prepupal stage of the latter is reached the parasite is situated in the thoracic regions, and when ready to transform to the following stage it takes up a position immediately under the derm and within the eye, already somewhat pigmented, of the developing pupa. Here the molt takes place, and the new fourth-stage larva immediately makes an incision in the derm of the host at that point and emerges to feed externally. The developing host pupa dies at this time and shortly becomes a putrefying mass. This procedure is rather unusual, as with parasites of this type decay does not normally set in until feeding is complete. In the case of hosts that are killed by an excessive number of third-stage Poecilogonalos within the body, putrefaction also sets in immediately, in spite of the fact that there has been no break in the body wall; yet this incident does not hinder the development of the parasite through the succeeding stages. Less than half of the body contents of the host are normally consumed. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 7S THE FourtH Larvat Strace.—In approximately twenty per cent of the individuals examined the Poeci/ogonalos fourth-stage larva emerged from the fully formed pupa of Henicospilus rather than from the developing prepupa. The point of exit in each case was the same, the eye being invariably chosen. For a relatively short period feeding takes place externally at the single puncture, followed by transformation to the fifth, and final larval stage. THE Fiero Larvat Strace.—The fifth stage is equipped with heavy tridentate mandibles and a large suctorial disc for feeding. The mandibles, however, are of little use, as only a portion of the fluid contents is sucked out, and no part of the solid tissues or of the derm is consumed. When feeding is ended the mature larva forms for itself a pupation chamber of irregular outline at one side of the host cocoon, thus separating itself from the large mass of putrefying matter which constitutes the remainder of its host. The envelope is thin, parchment-like and light brown in color. After a few days the meconium is discharged, this being viscid and black in color, as compared with the chocolate-brown to brick-red color of the meconium of its host. Pupation occurs in this cell, and the adult emerges by cutting an irregular hole at the side, near the anterior end of the cocoon. This hole is readily distinguished from that made by Henicospilus, which is smoothly cut and at right angles to the axis of the cocoon. From the data available it seems probable that both Poecilo- gonalos and its host, Henicospilus rufus, have a single generation each year, the latter parasitizing its lepidopterous (?) host during the summer and passing the autumn and early winter in the mature larval stage in its cocoon in the soil. The Poecilo- gonalos planidium gains access to the body of its secondary host at some time in the summer, and then enters such Henico- spilus larvae as it may find there In this stage a considerable period of time is apparently passed, and development through the succeeding larval stages occurs quite rapidly during the early spring. At Shillong the pupal stage covers three weeks in March, but this time is probably reduced to about two weeks under the conditions of temperature prevailing at that time of the year at Jorhat. A period of gestation of two or three weeks brings the time of oviposition to April and May, and apparently the egg stage may be greatly prolonged. The adults of Poecilogonalos are very readily distinguishable in the field by the general form of the body, particularly the pronounced ventral curving of the tip of the abdomen, and by the position of the wings. While resting at intervals during the day, or while feeding, the abdomen is held elevated at an angle 76 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 of forty-five degrees from the horizontal, and at this time, as well as when in movement or ovipositing, the wings are held spread at right angles to each other and with the tips trailing upon the surface of the leaf or other object upon which the insect may be found. During protracted periods of rest, or at night, the wings may be placed one above the other over the abdomen. These positions of the wings and abdomen, in conjunction with quick, jerky movements when this parasite is running about the leaf, serve readily to distinguish members of the family when found in the field. Such Trigonalid females as have been observed in the field seem to prefer the somewhat shaded places. Those collected in northern Japan were found exclusively along shaded forest paths where very little direct sunlight reached the undergrowth upon which they were resting or ovipositing. In the laboratory oviposition took place most readily in slightly darkened places. Poecilogonalos henicospili, Rohwer. From the material of Henicospilus rufus collected during 1927 for the rearing of Trigonalidae there emerged four indi- viduals of a species other than the common Poecilogonalos thwaitesti (Westw.). These have been examined by Mr. S. A. Rohwer and described by him as a new species under the above name. An examination of the remains of this species in the host cocoons showed the head characters of the last three larval stages to be indistinguishable from those of P. thwaitesii. Oviposition by one of the females was readily brought about, and a total of 5,782 eggs were deposited in a period of six days. The egg is equal in length to that of P. thwaitesii, though slightly narrower, and the outer shell has the usual longitudinal ridges, but is more transparent than that of the latter species. THE RELATION OF THE. OVIPOSITION HABIT -OF THE TRIE GONALIDAE TO THE PROBLEM OF PARASITE REARING AND INTRODUCTION. Owing to the habit of the Trigonalidae of ovipositing upon foliage apparently without any relation to the host itself, another complication enters into the problem of rearing and importation from one country to another of Ichneumonoid and Tachinid parasites. This is true whether hatching takes place in the normal way or following ingestion of the eggs by the secondary host. The present record of the manner of ovi- position of Poecilogonalos increases to four the number of families of parasitic insects which place their eggs upon foliage, the other three families being the Tachinidae (a relatively few species), the Perilampidae and the Eucharidae. The members of the last-named family, so far as known, are exclusively pri- mary parasites of ants, and may therefore be disregarded in EE se ie ne eee PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 Fi this connection. The Tachinids are primary parasites while Perilampus may be either primary or secondary. Presuming a Trigonalid or Perilampid parasitic upon Crossocosmia or any of the other leaf-ovipositing Tachinidae to attack, for instance, lepidopterous larvae, it would be possible to have both primary and secondary parasitism of these caterpillars without either of the parasite species having had access to the host. The high degree of parasitism evidenced by Poecilogonalos thwaitesii upon Henicospilus in India would prove a serious handicap to the attempted introduction of such a species, besides the danger that the hyperparasite itself might escape and become established. It is becoming more and more evident that rearing the primary host in insect-proof:cages is not a sufficient precaution, and the presence of the above-mentioned parasites makes necessary a similar protection of the sources of food supply. LITERATURE ON THE BIOLOGY OF THE TRIGONALIDAE. In the literature to date there is an almost complete lack of information upon the life history and habits of this most in- teresting group of parasites. The following list comprises all of the known records of host relationships of the family: Species Host Bareogonalos canadensis Harr. Vespa occidentalis Cress. Lycogaster pullata Shuck. Ophion macrurus L. from Telea poly phemus Cr. Nomadina cisandina Schulz. Polybia dimidiata Oliv. Pseudogonalos hahni Spin. Ophion distans Thoms. from Lepidoptera Trogus sp. Vespa germanica ¥, Tapinogonalos pulchella Cress. | Exorista lobeliae Coq. from Acronycta lobeliae Guer. Trigonalys costalis Cress. Acronycta lobeliae Guér. Seminota depressa Deg. Polistes canadensis L. Seminota mejicana Cress. Parachartergus apicalis ¥. A consideration of the foregoing list indicates that the family is largely parasitic in the nests of vespoid Hymenoptera, though whether in the role of primary or of secondary parasite is not known. Of the ten host records above given five are of this family of social wasps. Next in importance may be mentioned those which are secondary parasites of Lepidoptera, and probably Hymenoptera (Tenthredinoidea) as well, with an Ichneumonoid as the primary host. The single record from a Tachinid, Exorista lobeliae Coq., itself a parasite of Acronycta, would indicate a mode of development similar to that of Poeci/o- gonalos. The occurrence of Trigonalidae as parasites of Vespidae is of — 78 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 particular interest in view of the information now available regarding Poecilogonalos. Its frequency as a parasite of that group would seem to contradict the theory advanced by the writer that the eggs are eaten by the secondary host, as the Vespidae are not phytophagous. Dr. L. O. Howard has sug- gested, however, that in the case of Polistes and other Vespidae, the adults of which are known to feed upon the body fluids of caterpillars, the Trigonalid planidia, hatched from eggs ingested by the caterpillars and floating in the body fluids, might thus be taken up by the wasps and carried to the nest in the food supplied to the larvae. The roving habits of these wasps when in search of food, and the fact that the females return fre- quently to the nest to feed the larvae during their period of de- velopment, would permit the planidia to reach the nest in the same manner as do those of Schizaspidia upon ants, presuming that normal hatching takes place. The records of a European species (Pseudogonalos hahni Spin.) upon Vespa, Ophion and Trogus, respectively, would indicate an identical habit through- out the group and it would be of exceeding interest to clear up the still obscure manner of hatching and the manner in which the planidium gains access to its primary host. Bugnion,! in his study of the anatomy of Pseudogonalos hahni, mentions from 300 to 400 ovarioles in each ovary of the female, a number equal to that found in Poecilogonalos, and an average of about five mature eggsineach. These are stated to be 0.18 mm. in length, or considerably larger than those of P. thwaitesii and P. heniscopili. DESCRIPTIONS OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF POECILOGO- NALOS THWAITESII. (Plate 5.) The Egg (Fig. 2). Length 0.12 mm., width 0.07 mm., ellipsoidal! in form and white in color. The ventral side flat, with the dorsum not greatly arched. The outer covering vitreous, with 5 to 7 longitudinal ridges extending entirely around the egg and converging at the anterior pole, the ridges occasionally branched. First-Stage Larva. Unknown, though partially developed embryos dis- sected out from the egg showed it to be of the planidium type, and possessing three large ventral hooks on the thorax. Second-Stage Larva (Fig. 3). Thirteen-segmented, and 1.2 mm. in length. The head large, almost spherical in form, very lightly chitinized and with large simple mandibles set widely apart ventrally. Body segmentation indistinct, the caudal segments narrow. One pair of spiracles on the anterior margin of the second thoracic segment. No dermal setae or spines. Third-stage Larva (Fig. 4). Fourteen-segmented, 1.5 to 2.8 mm. in length and widest in the thoracic region. One pair of large spiracles situated as in the preceding stage. Wire Magee: eS tie |) eee eee 1Bugnion, E. La Structure Anatomique du Trigonalys hahni Spin. Mitt. Schweiz. Entom. Gez., vol. 12, pp. 14-20, illus., 1910. r PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 79 The head very large, heavily chitinized, and deep brown in color. Average width 0.66 mm. Sharply constricted in the posterior region, forming a distinct neck. Mandibles (fig. 7) 0.35 mm. in length, and sickle-shaped. The max- illae large, conical in form, and extending much beyond the anterior margin of the head and mandibles. One pair of light spots, possibly sensoria, ven- trally behind the middle transverse line. The body segments decreasing in width caudad, with the anterior margin of each having a minutely pebbled appearance, this being uniform over the last two segments. Fourth-stage Larva (Fig. 5). Fourteen-segmented, 3.5 mm. in length and 0.9 mm. in width. Eight pairs of spiracles, the first, on the second thoracic segment large, the remaining seven small and inconspicuous, possibly not open. The lateral trachael trunks heavy, with large anterior and posterior commissures. The head large but not heavily chitinized, and with simple mandibles (Fig. 8) 0.18 mm. in length. The body segments subequal in length except the last two, which are longer, the caudal one being much extended. No dermal setae or spines. Fifth-stage Larva (Fig. 6). Fourteen-segmented, 9 to 11 mm. in length, very robust, and largely brown in color because the contents of the digestive tract show through the derm. Eight pairs of open spiracles, situated on the second and third thoracic and the first six abdominal segments. The head relatively large, and truncate in form. The mouthparts comprising a large suctorial disc and tridentate mandibles (Fig. 9) 0.14 mm. in length. An- tennae conical in form, with 2 short, blunt sensoria at the tip. Body broadest in the mid-abdominal region, the segments subequal in length, the last tapering to a sharp point. No dermal setae or spines. Pupa. No distinctive characteristics except that the tip of the abdomen is sharply curved ventrally in the manner typical of the adults. NEW TERMITES FROM THE ANTILLES AND MIDDLE AMERICA. By Tuos. E. Snyper, Senior Entomologist, Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture. The following miscellaneous termites are herein described as new: Family KALOTERMITIDAE. Kalotermes (Kalotermes) bequaerti. Cuba. Kalotermes (Kalotermes) liberatus. Jamaica. Family TERMITIDAE. Cornitermes (Cornitermes) acignathus Silvestri, subspecies walkeri. Panama. Cornitermes (Cornitermes) acignathus Silvestri, subspecies ecostaricensis. Costa Rica. Cylindrotermes macrognathus. Panama PLATE 5 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31 PECILOGONALOS HENICOSPILI ROHWER. Figure 1, adult; 2, egg; 3, 4, 5, 6, second, third, fourth and fifth stage larvae respectively. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 81 H. Hagen in 1858 (Linn. Ent., vol. 12, pp. 67-8) described Calotermes posticus from the dealated female adult from St. Thomas, stating it to be near “Ca/otermes”’ brevis Walker; the latter species is in the subgenus Crypfotermes Banks. In 1910, N. Holmgren in Termitenstudien 2 (Kungl. Sv. Vet. Akad. Hd. 46, no. 6, p. 55, refers to C. posticus Hag. as doubt- fully a species of Cryptotermes. Nathan Banks, in Antillean Isoptera (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 62, no. 10, p. 477-479, Pl. I, figs. 8 and 12, 1919), described the soldier caste of a termite from Jamaica as Ka/otermes posticus Hagen, stating that it might not be the soldier of posticus, if not, it was new. Winged forms (discussed in a key) are from St. Thomas, Cuba and Haiti. Since the identity of posticus is in great doubt, and it is quite probably a Cryptotermes, possibly cavifrons Bks., which occurs in the Antilles, | am giving the specimens referred to by Banks the name /ideratus. Unfortunately, I can not name them for Mr. Banks, having already described a termite as Ka/otermes banksi. Kalotermes (Kalotermes) liberatus, new species. Soldier— “Head yellowish; mandibles red-brown, tips black, pronotum faintly brownish, body rather a dull yellowish, legs and antennae pale. Head about twice as long as broad, sides parallel, scarcely convex, broadly rounded behind, in front rather suddenly declivous, clypeus subquadrate; mandibles not as long as width of head, stout, toothed about as usual; antennae short, hardly longer than width of head, third joint not modified; eyes not noticeable; pro- notum more than twice as broad as long, concave in front, slightly convex behind, sides rounded, hardly narrowed behind; head and body with scattered moderately long, erect hairs; legs short, hind femora much swollen. Length of head, 3 mm.” Type-locality —Cinchona, Jamaica. Type, soldier—Amer. Museum Natur. Hist., New York City. Kalotermes (Kalotermes) bequaerti, new specics. Winged adult——Head light castaneous-brown, with numerous long hairs and fewer short hairs. Antenna with 15 segments; third segment longer than second or fourth; last sub-elliptical, short and narrow. Eye black, rather large, separated from lower margin of head by a distance less than half the diameter of the eye. Ocellus elongate, narrow, in contact with and at oblique angle to eye. Pronotum light castaneous-brown; with rows of long hairs on margins and a 1Description of posticus by Banks, 1919. 82 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 median row, fewer short hairs; broader than head; roundly emarginate at both anterior and posterior margins. Wings hyaline, yellow near costal margin; radius nearer to subcosta than to cubitus; in forewing subcosta with 4 long branches to costa; cubitus nearer to upper than lower margin of wing. Abdomen yellow-brown; tergites with a row of long hairs near posterior margins. Pulvillus between tarsal claws prominent. Measurements.—Length of entire winged adult!: 9.75—10.50 mm. Length of entire dealated adult: 5.25-6.75 mm. Length of head (to tip of labrum): 1.20-1.25 mm. Length of pronotum (not at median): 0.65-0.70 mm. Length of forewing: 7.80-8.00 mm. Length of hind tibia: 0.70-0.80 mm. Diameter of eye (long diameter): 0.26-0.27 mm. Width of head (at eyes): 0.90-0.95 mm. Width of pronotum: 1.00-1.05 mm. Width of forewing: 2.15—2.20 mm. Soldier—Head yellow-brown with reddish tinge, darker at anterior margin; elongated normally; sides straight and parallel; front with slope at epicranial suture; with scattered short and long hairs. Gula slender. Antenna with 11 segments, third segment greatly modified, chitinized, light castaneous brown, subclavate, longer and broader than second segment, or third and fourth together; last segment subelliptical, short and narrow. Eye spot not colored, oval and at an angle to rim of antennal socket, sepa- rated from this rim by a distance about equal to the long diameter of the eye spot. Mandibles black, short, stout, incurved at apex. Left mandible with a pointed marginal tooth near apex, two molars, and a large pointed tooth near base; right mandible with two large, pointed marginal teeth between middle of mandible and base. Pronotum yellow, anterior margin broadly, angularly emarginate, finely serrate; posterior margin slightly emarginate; anterior corners high; sides nar- row towards posterior margin; with scattered long and short hairs. Abdomen with tergites light yellow; long hair near posterior margins. Legs with hind femora markedly swollen. Measurements.—Length of entire soldier: 5.00-7.00 mm. Length of head with mandibles: 2.5-3.1 mm. Length of head without mandibles (to anterior): 1.7—2.1 mm. Length of left mandible: 1.00-1.10 mm. Length of pronotum (from anterior to posterior margins at sides): 0.80-1.00 mm. Length of hind tibia: 0.70-0.90 mm. Width of head (where widest posteriorly): 1.00-1.40 mm. Height of head at middle: 0.80-0.90 mm. Width of pronotum: 1.10-1.55 mm. 1The females average slightly larger than the males. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 83 Type locality.—Banos (Oriente), Cuba. Described from a large series of male and female winged adults, soldiers and nymphs collected in dry, dead branch near edge of mangrove, March 21, 1925, by J. Bequaert.- Named in honor of the distinguished collector, who is now entomologist in the Department of Tropical Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Cotypes.—(Winged adults.) Cat. No. 41742 U. S. National Museum; morphotypes (soldiers), U. S. National Museum. Coparatypes at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cam- bridge, Mass. Key to Antillean Species in the Subgenus Kalotermes. Winged. 1. Head and thorax red-brown, small species not 10 mm. long /iberatus Snyder. Head and thorax light castaneous-brown, usually at least 10 mm. long bequaerti Snyder. Head and thorax pale yellowish, larger species... 2.02.22 eeeeeee eens 2 2. sBody with brsdy hatr-22<. 282 ib ee Aa ee schwarzi Banks Body with only, very short, fAneihait 2 jouteli Banks. Soldiers. 1. Third antennal segment scarcely if any longer than second... » Third antennal segment plainly longer than second... 3 2: Eye spot black, mandibles not very broad... ee mona Banks Eye spot black, mandibles very broad... cubanus Snyder ives spo tuliyaltme Steen ee ey Be ieee Schwarzi Banks Swe spot black, sula wery broads 22 eo jouteli Banks Eye spot hyaline, gula very slender... liberatus Snyder Eye spot hyaline, gula slender, anterior margin of pronotum finely serrate bequaerti Snyder After an examination of Silvestri’s cotypes in 1927, Dr. A. E. Emerson, of the University of Pittsburgh, states that specimens of Cornitermes from Panama and Costa Rica de- termined by me as acignathus Silv. are close to type but need varietal or subspecific names. C. pugnax Emerson from British Guiana is closely related to, but distinct from, acignathus. I am naming the subspecies from Panama after a former Governor of the Canal Zone, Panama, Brigadier General Meriwether L. Walker; the subspecies from Costa Rica is named costaricensis. The dealated male adult of wa/keri has already been described by the writer under the name Cornitermes (C.) acignathus Silvestri, in the Journal Agricultural Research, U. S. Dept. Agric., Vol. X XIX, no. 4, p. 187, Aug. 15, 1924. ‘Adapted from Banks, 1919. 84 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 Cornitermes (C.) acignathus Silvestri, walkeri, new sub-species. Soldier.—Head_ yellow-brown, broadest posteriorly, with a few scattered fairly long hairs. Fronta! tube elongate, s!ender, upturned, at oblique angle to head. Mandibles piceous, curved, broad at base, slender, sharp pointed and in- curved at apex; marginal teeth as in figure 1. On left mandible, the fine marginal serrations on the apical third are more prominent than in costaricensis. Antenna with 15 segments. Pronotum yellow with long hairs on margins, anterior margin slightly emarginate. Abdominal tergites with numerous long hairs. Type locality —Rio Tapia, Republic of Panama. Described from a series of soldiers collected with workers at the type locality in a decaying log on February 7, 1924, by the writer. Type, soldier—Cat. No. 41743, U. S. National Museum. Cornitermes (Cornitermes) acignathus Silvestri, costaricensis, new subspecies. Soldier —Head with a distinctive reddish tinge, broadest posteriorly, with scattered fairly long hairs, more numerous than in wa/keri. Frontal tube not as elongate or as slender as in wa/keri, upturned at oblique angle to head. Mandibles piceous, curved, broad at base, slender, pointed and incurved at apex, marginal teeth as in figure 2. Antenna with 15 segments, segments more slender than in wa/keri. Pronotum yellow, with long hairs on margins, anterior margin very slightly emarginate. Abdominal tergites with numerous long hairs. Type locality Hamburg Farm, near San Jose, Costa Rica. Described from a series of soldiers collected with workers, November 26, 1925, by F. Nevermann, in decaying wood. Type soldier —Cat. No. 41744, U. S. National Museum. 85 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 LEONG GEC Oval TUL OO S06)G LOU SEG “uw 0S"0-0F'0 OOF TE HUD OVE TOM 09 708 % vory BISOD ‘“sJopug szsua9 -1404509 saloadsqns “‘AqIs SNYJVUBIID (")) Sausaj1uU4s07) “WU 0Z'Z "WI 0S" “wur 10"E-00'E “WU OFZ aS OSO0SO Pcl Nel IO OOS SOSE. IW 0357-007 ‘eueueg ‘lapdug t4ayjom saizadsqns “‘ATIS SnYIDUSIID (")) SatssaftUsoy) aqn} [e}UOI, SUIPNpoUT Jou peoy. fo ssouysty |, ummjouoid Jo YIpPI Pest Jo MaPEAK BIqh pury jo yIsueT (a[yoid ul ajsuv worf uayei ‘yyvoUeq WO) aqn} [eJUOIJ JO YISUaT so[qipueur aay Jo yasueT] soyqipuvul aseq 0} peay jo yi Sua] sa]qipuvu y}IM pray jo ysuIT sqUaulaINsvayY 86 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 Doctor Emerson’s summary after examination of the cotypes of acignathus is substantially as follows: The typical soldier of Cornitermes acignathus Silv. is somewhat larger than C. pugnax Emerson, has a proportionately wider head with a few scattered long hairs; the small serrations anterior to notch in left mandible and posterior to notch are not as distinct asin pugnax. Inner edge of right mandible curving convexly anteriorly to notch much more so than in pugnax, causing a sharper angle in the notch. Posterior to the notch there is a small concave curve not present in pugnax. The species are undoubtedly distinct, but closely related. The soldier of C. acignathus is very close to but a little larger than forms from Rio Tapia, Republic of Panama; the mandibles from the notch out are proportionately a little longer; the frontal tube is proportionately a little shorter (quite perceptibly);"the gular region is close. Both the Panama and’ Costa Rica forms are much closer to the typical form from Ecuador, in regard to the mandibles, than is acignathus to pugnax. The typical soldier of acignathus is very similar to specimens from Hamburg Farm, Costa Rica (near San Jose); the frontal tube is a little smaller, the mandibles from the notch outward are proportionately a little longer; in profile the frontal tube is not as much turned up; the segments of the antennae are conspicuously shorter and thicker pro- portionately (pugnax is intermediate between the two in this respect). The gular region is very similar. The size is about the same. Cylindrotermes macrognathus, n. sp. In 1926 (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 68, art. 14, p. 58-9), the writer referred to a species of Cylindrotermes from Panama as possibly nordenskidldi Holmgren described from Bolivia. Recently Dr. Alfred» Emerson, of the University of Pittsburgh, has seen Holmgren’s type and discovered that the Panama specimens represent a new species with longer mandibles than nordenskioldi. I am naming this species macrognathus in contrast to an undescribed species collected by Emerson in British Guiana. Soldier —Head yellow, elongate, posterior margin rounded, faint trace of eye spot, with numerous fairly long hairs. Frontal gland opening small, located at apex of epicranial suture. Gula slender at middle. Antenna with 11-12 segments, third segment showing a tendency to divide. Mandibles reddish brown, elongate, wide, curved, incurved and _ sharp- pointed at apex, a single tooth near the base. Pronotum light yellow, margins with long hairs, anterior lobe distinct, very weakly emarginate in middle. Abdominal tergites with long hairs. Measurements —Length of entire soldier: 4.20-4.60 mm. Length of head with mandibles: 2.25-2.35 mm. Length of head to mandibles: 0.80 mm. Length of pronotum: 0.37-0.40 mm. Length of hind tibia: 0.62-0.70 mm. Width of head: 0.95-1.00 mm. Width of pronotum: 0.65 mm. Hairs on head longer than in dbrevipilosus Sny. from Bolivia; differs from Nordenskioldi by wider head, shorter pronotum and darker, heavier mandibles, and from Emer- son’s undescribed species by the wider head and the longer mandibles. es PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 87 Type locality —Barro Colorado Island, C. Z., Panama. Described from a series of soldiers, collected with workers and nymphs by the writer at the type locality on February 21, 1924; also collected at Rio Chinilla, R. P. Type, soldier —Cat. No. 41745 U.S. National Museum. Specimens collected in 1926 by F. Nevermann at Hamburg Farm, near San Jose, Costa Rica, also appear to be this species. One, Fig. 1. Fig. 2. A HANDBOOK OF THE DRAGONFLIES OF NORTH AMERICA.' By James G. NeepHAM anp Hortense Butter Heywoop. This book should be hailed with enthusiasm by students of the American Odonata. It is interestingly and lucidly written and contains keys and other information essential to the identification both of adults and known nymphs, from ordinal to specific rank. The matter is arranged in two parts. The first discusses in a delightful way the natural history of the various forms, and the second contains illustrated, easily assimilated information on the taxonomy of the American species. The descriptive matter is so fully annotated with respect to environment, phenology and behavior as to render it unusually valuable. The illustrations, consisting chiefly of excellent line drawings, are of practical value throughout and an abridged but well selected bibliography is appended. The letterpress and binding are all that could be desired and it is no exaggeration to say that this work will be found indis- pensable by students of the Odonata of North America.— W. R. Walton. 1Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Ill., $7.00 net. 88 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 4, APR., 1929 A NEW SCIARID FROM LURAY CAVERN, VIRGINIA (DIPTERA: MYCETOPHILIDAE). By O. A. Jouannsen, Ithaca, N. Y. Sciara luravi, n. sp. Male.—Head black, subshining; ocelli in a flattened triangle behind the eye- bridges and separated from them by a width greater than twice the diameter of the latter; eye-bridges contiguous, two facets in width which is laterally reduced to one. Face black, in width extending laterad of the middle of the antennal scape. Palpi dark, last segments nearly four times as long as wide. Antennae black, about .8 as long as the wing measured from the humeral cross-vein. Thorax subshining black; hairs blackish, acrostichal and dorso-central hairs short, the former in an irregular double row extending the length of the scutum, the latter more numerous; lateral mesonotal setae black, consisting of 3 or 4 larger and several smaller ones. Scutellum with two larger marginal and several smaller marginal and discal setae. Abdomen including hypopygium subopaque brownish black covered with brownish hairs. Hypopygium without a median setose ventral papilla; claspers resembling those of S. varians (Fig. 115, Bull. 200, Me. Agr. Exp. Station) but with the subapical setae on the inner side rather stronger. Legs brownish, fore tibia with one, middle and hind tibiae each with two spurs which are a little longer than the diameter of the tibiae at the tip; hind tibial comb distinct; claws small and simple; empodium well developed. Wings hyaline, veins brownish, posterior ones paler. Branches of M and Cu without setae; sc short; the base of the radial sector about equi- distant from the humeral cross-vein and the tip of Ri; Ri ends opposite or but very slightly proximad of the fork of M; costa produced about .7 of distance from tip of R,; to Mj 42; Mi+2 ends about mid-way between the tips of Ri and M3; branches of M rather straight and only very slightly divergent at tips; r-m longer, the petiole of cubitus over .6 as long as the basal section of M; petiole of M about 5/6 as long as Mi+2; anal veins evanescent. Halteres pale to sub-fuscous. Length 2.5 mm. Female.—Resembles the male in coloring. It differs in having shorter an- tennae which are about 5/8 as long as the wing measured from the humeral cross-vein, and in being a little larger, measuring 3 mm.in length. The wing measures 3.5 mm. in length from the humeral cross-vein. Some specimens even exceed these dimensions. Holotype and allotype in U. S. National Museum; paratypes in U. S. National,Museum and in my collection. This species will fall in with Sczara varians in my key (Bull. 200 Me. Agr. Exp. Station, 1912), but differs in being dis- tinctly larger, in having proportionally longer antennae and in the longer Ri. These insects were collected in traps set by Mr. H. S. Barber in Luray Cavern, Virginia. Two ¢ specimens were also collected in Madden’s cave. The traps were set last October, deep in the cave, but the collections were not made until April, 1929: Actual date of publication, May 4, 1929 _ ——EEOO er ee are mpc ag ne A VOL. 31 MAY, 1929 No. 5 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON CONTENTS AUDRICH: |, M.—-THREE NEW ACALYPTRATE DIPTERA... ...... +. 89 BUCHANAN, L. L.—A NEW AGRONUS FROM CANADA (COLEOPTERA: OTIO- REN CHIDAE Maen awe ee ren co ar ee A TOD COTTON, R. T.—THE USE OF CARBON DIOXIDE TO INCREASE THE INSECTI- CIDATMERTICACY, OF) EUMIGANTS© Gla boas BAY eo el aie. $97 ROSS, H. H.—A STUDY OF MARLATT’S GROUP I OF THE GENUS PONTANIA WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FOUR NEW SPECIES (HYMENOPTERA: TEN- PLETED UN TD ACE ae aes eee Ree aes, Oot, Pai Se Ts, ate ak Oil PusiisHeD Montuiy Excerpr Jury, AuGust AND SEPTEMBER BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON OrcanizeD Marcu 12, 1884. The regular meetings of the Society are held in the National Museum on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 P.M. Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the ProcEEDINGsS and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1929. Honorary President 2 0% SM a ee ee ee President... iw 3 wk RAE De Sie Oe eee First Vice- Pees hae G0h pls by Se Re Sa ee Second Vice-President .....% 25.34.44 14 . EG) BISEREE Recording Secretary .. . 2 ee or be eS ee ES is Corresponding Secretary- ieeusuter Mi. ... 3°75. A. RORWESS WS: National Muséum, Washington, D. C. ditors jot ay ae ae oa ae WR We Butea of Batata’ Washington, D. C. Executive Committee: THe Orricers and C. T. Greene, A. N. Caupe.t, T. E. Snyper. Representing the Society as Vice-President of the Washington Academy of Sciences ov aw) y wee oes 0 » Pe aan te PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. Published monthly, except July, August and September, by the Society at Washington, D. C. Terms of subscription: Domestic, $4.00 per annum; foreign, $4.25 per annum; recent single numbers, 50 cents, foreign postage extra. All subscriptions are payable in advance. Remittances should be made payable to the Entomological Society of Washington. An author of a leading article in the Procreprncs will be given 10 copies of the number in which his article appears. Reprints without covers will be fur- nished at the following rates, provided a statement of the number desired accompanies the manuscript: 4 pp. 8 pp. 12 pp. 16 pp. 50 copies 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 100 copies 2.25 4.50 6.75 9.00 Certain charges are made for illustrations and there are available rules and suggestions governing the make-up of articles. Immediate publication in any number may be obtained at the author’s expense. All manuscripts should be sent to the Editor. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON VOL. 31 MAY, 1929 No.5 THREE NEW ACALYPTRATE DIPTERA. By J. M. Avpricu, U. S. National Museum. The following three species have all been reared and the records are of considerable interest. It is therefore thought advisable to publish the species at this time. Agromyza schmidti, new species. Resembles 4gromyza melampyga Loew in having the thorax yellow with a large dorsal spot which does not reach the sides and is deeply excavated behind; also in having a large spot on sternopleura, the rim of the calypter, and the sides of the scutellum black. Differs chiefly in having the black portion of the thorax opaque, with glaucous pruinosity, the prescutellar yellow area not deeply concave in front, the dark mark reaching the scutellum on each side. Head yellow, the arista, ocellar triangle, and occiput black; frontals four pairs; cheeks at narrowest one-sixth of eye height, wider behind. Dorso- centrals two large pairs behind, three smaller anterior to them; acrostichals coarse and rather irregular, none on yellow prescutellar area; two pairs of scutellars; a brown spot on humerus, another very small behind it, a small vertical brown stripe below wing; halteres yellow. Abdomen black above, not shining, indistinctly yellow at sides; hairs of tergites coarse and rather abundant; ovipositor of female black, very short. Legs yellow, hind knees and all tarsi brownish. Wings hyaline, costa reaching fourth vein; last section of fifth vein a little more than twice the preceding; anterior crossvein on the middle of the discal cell. Length, .8 to 1 mm. Described from seven males and four females, reared at San Jose, Costa Rica, by H. Schmidt, from larvae making serpen- tine mines in eaves of Gliricidia maculata. Named in honor of Mr. Schmidt, a valued collaborator of the National Mu- seum. Type.—Male, Cat. No. 41413, U.S. N. M. Phytomyza atripalpis, new species. Female.—Black, including legs and antennae, the halteres and most of the head yellow. Front yellow, about half as wide as the head; the ocellar triangle subshining black; four pairs of fronta! bristles (apparently only three pairs in the paratype); frontal orbits with minute proclinate hairs. Face yellow, the shallow antennal grooves reaching to the oral margin; cheek yellow, about 90 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 half the eye height, scarcely higher behind than in front. The yellow color extends up behind the eye two-thirds of the way to the vertex. Proboscis yellow; palpi very distinctly enlarged at apex, shining black. Antennae en- tirely black, of moderate size; third joint round, not pilose; arista strongly thickened on basal third, microscopically a little pubescent. Thorax cinerous, with a minute yellow line below the notopleural suture; acrostichal in two rows; dorsocentral 4, 3 being behind the suture; scutellum with 4 bristles. Pleurae black with one bristle above front coxa, one accom- panied by two hairs on hind edge of mesopleura and one on upper hind part of sternopleura before which is a small hair; halteres lemon yellow. Abdomen black with a trace of a yellow hind margin on the first three seg- ments and a very distinct whitish posterior border on the fifth; sixth segment (base of ovipositor) shining black, cylindrical, nearly as long as the two pre- ceding segments. Legs entirely black, or with exceedingly narrow indication of yellow on the tips of the femora. Wing subhyaline, auxiliary vein ending in the costa close to the first. Costal section between first and second almost four times as long as that between second and third. Length, 1.9 mm. Described from two females from British Columbia “‘re- ceived as pupae amongst seeds of Anemone multifida in Novy. 1927,” by G. Fox Wilson of the Royal Horticultural Society Gardens, Wisley, Surrey, England, who sent them to me for identification. Type.—Female, Cat. No. 41708 U. S. N. M. The paratype was returned to Mr. Wilson, who deposited it in the Canadian National Collection. Oscinella dampfi, new species. Female.—Of elongated form like Oscinella lonzipes Loew, but the posterior half of the mesonotum distinctly flattened, the eye narrower and more diagonal in position, etc. Shining black, the trochanters and base of middle and hind tarsi, and the knees very narrowly, yellow. Frontal triangle polished, very large, reaching the lunule. Antennae black, of ordinary size, third joint rounded, . arista rather short and slightly pubescent under a power of 35 diameters; palpi black. Back of head bulging, from the neck forward as wide as the eye in profile. Cheek one-third eye height. Thorax with delicate dark hairs, which are pale only in certain angles of light, the flattened posterior part aciculate, the scutellum rounded, scabrous, with two pairs of minute bristles, the apical upright. Pleurae shining black, broadly concave from front coxa to just below the wing, where it is bulging; mesosternal region flat, with distinct whitish hair. Halteres whitish. Abdomen shining black, distinctly elongated, at base below a little pale. Wings hyaline, costal segment between first and second veins hardly double that between second and third, fourth vein ending in or barely behind exact apex, alula little developed. Length, 1.8 to 2.2 mm. £30 EP Se ce a ee ee et ene —e ee A EE gy eT = ee PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 91 Described from three females, reared by Dr. Alfons Dampf from rotten ears of maize at San Jacinto, D. F., Mexico. One of the paratypes is returned to him. Type.—Female, Cat. No. 41885 U. S. N. M. The generic position of the species is a little doubtful. The flattened thorax is much like Melanochaeta longula Loew, a common North. American form; but in that genus the arista is densely pubescent, appearing thickened. On account of the similarity of Oscinella longipes, 1 place dampfi in the same genus. The genus Oscinella was proposed by Becker (Arch. Zool., vol. 1, 1910, p. 150) in the sense of Oscinzs of authors, since the latter contained when first proposed no species belonging to the present group. Musca frit Linnaeus 1758 is hereby desig- nated the genotype. A STUDY OF MARLATT’S GROUP I OF THE GENUS PON- TANIA WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FOUR NEW SPECIES (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE).! By H. H. Ross, I/linois State Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois. In 1927-28 the author reared a species of Pontania O. Costa which proved to be new to science, whose larvae had caused a leaf-fold of poplar. This species infested a large number of Populus balsamifera in Vancouver, British Columbia, in 1927. Since biologically the species seemed identical with several other species, the adults of which differed only in minute structural characters, it was necessary to give the group to which it belonged a fairly thorough survey. This paper is the result of that study. The types of all the species considered have been studied, as well as those of some species belonging to other groups of the genus. It has been found necessary to recognize four new species in the group, the descriptions of which follow; and since several other species have been described since the group was keyed by Marlatt (1896), a key is given for the separation of all the nearctic species known to the author. Pontania mariana new species. Female-—Length 5.5mm. Robust, head nearly as wide as thorax. Labrum wide and truncate, clypeus circularly emarginate, the cleft moderately deep, the lobes broad and rounded; supraclypeal area convex, shining and prominent; tentorial foveae large and pit-like, confluent with area about antennae. Vertex finely punctate, dull; antennal furrows represented by only a crease opposite 'Contribution No. 133 of the Entomological Laboratories of the University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois. of PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 posterior ocelli; vertical furrows and postocellar furrow each represented by a line; ridges of the head variable, but with the median fovea shallowly funnel- shaped, the frontal crest usually weak, almost obsolete, although sometimes well defined, cut by a narrow linear furrow extending from the median fovea to the median ocellus; walls of ocellar basin ridge-like, distinct laterally but either present or nearly obsolete posteriorly. Antennae relatively short, third and fourth segments subequal, distinctly longer than fifth. Dorsum of mesothorax finely punctate, dull, one and one-half times as long as wide. Wings hyaline, costa, subcosta and stigma yellowish hyaline, veins blackish-brown. Stigma three times as long as wide, widest near base, evenly rounded to an acute tip. Tarsal claws cleft for one-third their length, rays coarse, subequal, widely di- vergent. Sheath slightly convex above, evenly emarginate below, finely pointed at tip, and densely hairy with outward-, then up-curving setae (Fig. 1) Color of head, pleurae, legs, and venter mostly yellowish red, with the follow- ing parts black: antennae, large spot on vertex from antennae to occiput, dorsum of meso- and metathorax, dorsal portion of meso-epimeron, and dorsum of abdomen, except lateral margins of segments 3-6, and segments 7 and 8 en- tirely, which are the color of the venter. Apex of sheath, extreme apex of posterior tibiae, apical segments of tarsi above, and posterior tarsi entirely, infuscated. Male.—Similar in structure to the female. Hypopygium as long as three- fourths of the ventral length of the rest of the abdomen, the lateral margins of the apex slightly sinuate, converging relatively sharply, at slightly less than a right angle, the extreme tip round-pointed. The procidentia is broad and flat, very little produced, convex above, hardly carinate basally, the tip broadly rounded. Color as in the female, but with the pleural sutures washed a trifle more with black, and with the dorsum of the abdomen entirely black except a narrow yellowish red lateral portion. Larva.—Typical for the genus. Since the larvae of closely related species could not be obtained, no comparative description can be drawn up. : Leaf-fold——Similar to that described and figured by Cooley (1903). Pro- duced by a folding-under of a lateral area near the base of the leaf. The fold is flat. A crescentic row of punctures is made on the upper part of the leaf, just within the edge of the turned-under portion. One or two folds may be made on one leaf; if two, then one on each side. Little feeding is done within the fold, but the adjacent apical portion of the leaf is badly eaten. Holotype— 2 , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, reared from Populus balsamifera. Cocoons spun October 10, 1927, adults emerged June 4, 1928. Deposited in the collection of the author. Allotype. Z, same data. Deposited with holotype. Paratypes—4 2 ?, same data. Deposited in the collections of the Canadian National Museum, the Illinois State Natural History Survey, the U. S. National Museum, and the author. The female of this species may be separated from nevadensis PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 93 by the shape of the sheath and the obsolete frontal crest, the male by the latter character, and from the other members of the group by the characters given in the appended key. Pontania marlatti, new species. Female.—Length 5.5 mm. Body robust. Head above antennae opaque, finely shagreened; clypeus circularly emarginate, lobes wide and rounded; supraclypeal area wide and prominent, flattish; tentorial and antennal foveae confluent, deep and declevitous; antennal furrows obsolete, vertical furrows represented by a puncture behind posterior ocelli; walls of ocellar basin practi- cally obsolete, ocellar basin obsolete, ocellar fovea a small, depressed, shining area anterior and adjacent to the median ocellus; third and fourth segments of antennae subequal, slightly longer than fifth. Anterior and lateral lobes of mesonotum minutely punctate, dull, scutum and postscutellum shining; tarsal claws deeply cleft, the inner ray slightly smaller and shorter than outer; stigma two and one-half times as long as wide, upper and lower margins parallel for basal half, evenly rounded at tip. Sheath (Fig. 3) thick and stocky, distinctly shouldered on ventral margin, emarginate near tip, dorsal margin convex; lateral surface shouldered slightly near dorsal margin; setae numerous and fine; cerci almost attaining length of sheath. Color of body black, the inner and posterior orbits yellow-rufescent, the following parts luteus to yellow: mouthparts and genae, clypeus, inner lower orbits, latero-posterior margins of collar, tegulae, costal veins and stigma at base, legs except base of coxae, narrow upper and lower margins of femora, tip of hind tibiae and hind tarsi which are blackish or fuscous, and cerci. Apex of stigma reddish. Veins of wing blackish. Holotype-— @, Oregon (Koebele). Deposited in the U. S. National Museum. Easily differentiated from agama Roh. by the shouldered sheath (Figs. 2 and 3). I take great pleasure in naming this species after C. L. Mar- latt, the first worker to put the nearctic Nematinae on an easily understood basis. Pontania agama, Rohwer. Pontania agama Rohwer, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 43, p. 242, Sept. 30, 1912. 9. Pontania foveata Rohwer, ibid, p. 243. 9. New synonymy. A study of the types of these two forms, together with a large series of material from the typic locality, indicates that they are conspecific, and that foveafa represents only an individual variation of agama. Pontania popuella, new species. Female.—Length, 6 mm., body robust. Head shining; clypeus shallowly circularly emarginate, lobes very broadly angulate; supraclypeal area prominent, 94 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 flattish; tentorial foveae large, pit-like, confluent with depression around base of antennae; antennal furrows obsolete, vertical furrows a line, postocellar furrow obsolete; walls of ocellar basin not raised, ocellar basin only a general shallow area; third and fifth segments of antennae subequal, fourth longer than either. Mesonotum smooth, postscutellum evenly and minutely punctate. Tarsal claws deeply and coarsely cleft, rays subequa! in length, the inner one the stouter. Stigma two and one-half times as long as broad, widest at middle evenly rounded beneath; sheath shining, dorsal margin very slightly emarginate at tip, ventral margin distinctly emarginate, point subconical; setae fine, relatively short. Sheath varies a little in shape, the extremes represented by Figure 4+ (the holotype) and Figure 7 (a paratype). Color of body resinous-yellow, except mandibles, sheath, and tips of hind femora, which are reddish, and the following parts which are black: second segment of antennae, flagellum above, small spot on front directly above base of antennae, spot on vertex including ocelli and postocellar area except two transverse lateral pale areas, mesonotum except sides of anterior lobe, two lateral spots on postscutellum, and posterior margin of lateral lobes, metano- tum, basal plates dorsally, and a triangular median area on dorsum of abdo- men, widest at base and decreasing towards apex. Wings hyaline, veins below costal area blackish except at base. In some specimens the black on the dorsum is reduced in extent. Male.—Similar to female, differing as follows: third antennal segment some- times as long as fourth (varying on same specimen); clypeus narrow and there- fore more deeply emarginate; black on head extending over walls of ocellar basin half-way to eye; entire dorsum of thorax and abdomen black. Hypopy- gium broadly rounded at apex. Holotype—¢?, Aweme, Manitoba, Canada, May 8, 1910 (N. Criddle). Bred from cottonwood leaves. Deposited in the Canadian National Museum. Allotype-— &, Brookings, South Dakota, June 23, 1891. In the collection of the author. Paratypes.—2 2 2, June 20, 1913;5 9 9, May 6-9, 1910;1 9, June 13, 1911, all at Aweme, Manitoba, bred from cottonwood leaves (N. Criddle); 5 %@,1 92, Brookings, South Dakota. In the collections of the Canadian National Museum, U. S. National Museum, Illinois State Natural History Survey, South Dakota State College and the author The female can be separated by characters given in the key. Specimens which are considered as the males of this species agree closely with the type of P. agilis Cresson, but also agree with the males of species in other groups. It is therefore con- sidered wiser to describe the females as distinct, although the name may later fall as a synonym of agilis. The female de- scribed as P. agilis by Marlatt (1896) seems to be P. bozemani Cooley. Sac SR a EER Be a PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 95 Pontania pepii new species. Female.—Length 6.5 mm. Robust, head nearly as wide as thorax. Clypeus arcuately emarginate, cleft one-half its length, the lobes broad and rounded; tentorial foveae deep and pit-like, confluent with area around base of antennae; head above antennae shining, slightly wider behind eyes than through them, 2 Raqama 1 P mariana 4 P popuella 6.P mellina &P robusta TP popuella a P nevadensis Sheathes of Pontania. 96 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1926 postocular area robust; antennal furrows interrupted above antennae, repre- sented posteriorly by broad shallow depressions; vertical furrows deep and trenth-like for anterior two-thirds, line-like for posterior third; postocellar area nearly three times as broad as long; postocellar furrow faint and line-like; lateral walls of ocellar basin nearly obsolete, wide, shining and flat, ocellar basin only very slightly depressed; median fovea shallow and saucer-like, ocellar fovea likewise, but slightly larger. Third and fourth segments of antennae subequal, fifth slightly shorter, sixth only two-thirds as long as fifth, remainder subequal, and shorter than sixth. Thorax shining, finely setose, postscutellum punctate. Stigma narrow and acuminate, two and one-half times as long as wide, the lower margin straight. Tarsal claws not deeply cleft, the two rays subequal, very little separated. Sheath as in Figure 8; ventral margin undulate and emarginate near tip, dorsal margin nearly straight basally, but sharply convex at apex; point smail but sharp. Color mostly black. Antennae, dorsum of head except posterior-lateral area, pro-pleurae, mesal portion of collar, dorsum of thorax, pleurae except small yellowish spot, pectus, metapleurae, small mark at base of hind coxae, dorsum of abdomen except last tergite, and lateral and ventral portion at base, black; remainder of head and collar, tegulae, costa and basal two-thirds of stigma, luteous; spot on pleurae, legs, venter and sides of abdomen except at base, and sheath, fuscous. Holotype-— 2, Florence, Montana, June 1, 1912. In the collection of the author. This species is most closely related to robusta Marl., bozemani Cooley, mellina (Cress.), and popuella n. sp., from which it can be separated by the black pectus and pleurae; it also differs from robusta and popuella in having the antennae almost entirely black, and from dozemani and medllina in the shape of the sheath. Marlatt’s Group I of Pontania Costa, includes those species which have the sheath pointed at the tip, and emarginate on the ventral margin. The following species known to the author belong to this group: ‘undra, leaviti, parva, nigrita, melanosoma, pallicornis, marlatti, agama, pepiit, nevadensis, mariana, mellina, bozemani, robusta and popuella. These may be separated by the following key: 1. Pleurae black.or witha small paleispot-.0.-2 = 2 Pléurae palei..2.8 2s pe ee ee eee ee 10 2. Kémota ‘black-=- tees a 2 eee ee ee ee ee tundra Kincaid Kemorainteteat part luteous@ <= oo ee ee ee 3 3. Lateral walls of ocellar basinudistinct.... =e oe ee 4 Lateral walls of ocellar basin wanting, or mound-like and indistinct... 8 4 1Ocellarbasinideep. slotting. eee ne eee leaviti Rohwer Ocellar basin shallow. shagreemed arc ys ce eee eee 5 5. Femora linearly infuscate along edges. parva Cresson Femora luteous, or infuscate at base-seis A | 6 ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ie IS: 14. . Antennae short, terminal segment 2-3 times as long as broad PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 oy . Lateral walls of ocellar basin low, basin scarcely excavated.._nigrita Marlatt Lateral! walls of ocellar basin distinct, basin well excavated. et ] . Lateral walls linear, sharp, frontal crest of same height, the ocellar basin bounded by perpendicular walls... melanosoma Rohwer Lateral walls wide and sloping, the frontal crest mound-like, higher than lateral walls, ocellar basin saucer like, with sloping walls pallicornis (Norton) . Dorsum of head dull, shagreened; lateral walls of ocellar basin obsolete. 9 Dorsum of head shining, not shagreened; lateral walls of ocellar basin Tadistinet mari Minound=tkes! se ees Se ee pepii n. sp. Psheat shomdered laterally sos. ee enneee marlatti n. sp. Sheath not shouldered laterally EH Ae Aes agama Rohwer . Lateral walls of ocellar basin ridge-like, distinct and linear... 11 Lateral walls of ocellar basin rounded, not ridge-like, ocellar basin sub- GDSOlC ica eeee a eee Sunn Ree IE AS Co Se reas eee Ta Se ee 13 . Frontal crest obsolete, represented by a flat area. mariana n. sp. hiro ntalsichestegalscdandistinGts semen es eee ete a 12 PRRCCUUSR ID Alea eee eer Seen A ee a0} ek nevadensis (Cresson) Rectusy biackwoistained: =n. nevadensis var. nigripecta Rohwer Miaeellumiorantentia entirely: Diack 1s 2 a's. 14 Flagellum of antenna pale beneath, for entire length or at apex Abdomen entirely pale; sheath short and wide, as in Figure 6... mellina (Cresson) Abdomen black at base of dorsum; sheath longer than wide, as in Figure 5 Lozemani Cooley robusta Marlatt Antennae long, termina! segment 4-5 times as long as broad Popuella n. sp. To further aid in differentiating the species here described as new the sheaths are illustrated of these and the species to which they are most closely allied (see figure). Il. 2: REFERENCES CITED. C. L. Marlatt, 1896. Revision of the Nematinae of North America. Bull. US. Dept: Agric... Diva Ent. Dech.Sers, No: 3,135 pp. 1) pl. R. A. Cooley, 1903. A New Sawfly. Can. Ent., Vol. XX XV, No. 7, July, pp. 197-198, w. 1 fig. THE USE OF CARBON DIOXIDE TO INCREASE THE INSECTICIDAL EFFICACY OF FUMIGANTS. By R. T. Corron, Senior Entomologist, U. S. Bureau of Entomology, and H. D. Youne, Assistant Chemist, U. S. Bureau of Chemistry and Soils. It is well known to those who work with fumigants that in- sects in an inactive state are relatively more resistant to the ? 98 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 effect of fumigants than when they are active. Any agent therefore that will activate an insect or stimulate the respiratory processes—for it is by penetration into the tracheal system that a gas is most quickly effective—should render more ef- fective the fumigant with which it is used. An increase in temperature has, up to a certain point, a stimulating effect upon the respiratory processes, and greatly increases the susceptibility of an insect to a toxic gas. It should be noted, however, that the apparent increase in toxicity of a fumigant with an increase in temperature may be owing in part to a reduction of the absorption capacities of the media con- taining the insects. The use of heat to increase the toxicity of a fumigant is a common practice but its value is limited. Many gases are believed to cause insects to close their tracheal valves, but a few are known that apparently have the property of stimulating the respiratory processes of insects and conse- quently are capable of rendering more effective the fumigants with which they may be used. Sanders and Pestell observed that the addition of ammonia increased the insecticidal effect of nicotine. In an application for a patent, filed September 1, 1922,1 they make the statement, “The object of our inven- tion is to provide a nicotine dust with which insects of the above character may be readily exterminated, in as much as our composition contains not only nicotine in a volatile form but also ammonia, which appears to increase the effect of the nico- tine upon the insects, owing, probably, to the increase in the respiratory function of the insects.” Owing to the corrosive- ness of ammonia and the readiness with which it is absorbed it is doubtful whether it will ever be of practical value in admix- ture with other gases for general fumigation work. Brinley and Baker? observed that “A small amount of methyl acetate added to liquid hydrocyanic acid gas seemed to increase the toxicity of the gas arising from the liquid, which may be due to the fact that a small amount of methyl acetate kept the spiracles open, while in pure hydrocyanic acid gas the spiracles were quickly closed.” The writers have found that the placing of a small quantity of | methyl acetate in a fumigation chamber, prior to administering a fumigant, resulted in an apparent increase in toxicity of the fumigant. Roark and Cotton* found that methyl acetate alone was not highly toxic to the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryza. The minimum lethal dose as determined by them in half-liter glass 1Sanders, G. E., and Pestell, R. H., U.S. Patent No. 1,577,369, Mar. 16, 1926. 2Brinley, F. J., and Baker, R. H., Biol. Bull., Vol. LIT, pp. 201-207, Sept., O27: 3Roark, R. C., and Cotton, R. T. Tests of Certain Aliphatic Compounds as Fumigants. (In manuscript.) ane iO et ee As wr eee PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5,MAY, 1929 99 flasks half-filled with wheat was 192 mg. per liter. The fact that the vapor of methyl] acetate is highly flammable is a draw- back to its use, since the addition of even small quantities to other fumigants would increase the fire hazard. In 1928 Hazelhoff' published a short note in which he stated that in the course of his studies on the regulation of respiration in insects'-he had observed that carbon dioxide had a marked effect not only on the ordinary respiratory movements of in- sects but also on the tracheal valves. He found that “The cockroach, Periplaneta americana e. g., displays no respiratory movements when at rest (at room temperature), and its tracheal valves are nearly closed; when the animal is brought into an atmosphere containing 2 or 3% carbon dioxide, the spiracles open immediately, thus allowing a more rapid diffusion of the respiratory gases. When the carbon dioxide pressure is raised to about 7 or 10% or more, ordinary respiratory movements of the abdomen appear. The width of the spiracle opening turned out to be regulated normally by the amount of carbon dioxide pressure in the immediate neighborhood of the spiracles.” He suggested that carbon dioxide might therefore have the same effect as methyl acetate when mixed with hydrocyanic- acid gas or other respiratory insecticides, i. e., to accelerate the penetration of such gases and to increase their insecticidal action. In many ways carbon dioxide is admirably adapted for such a part. It is easily handled, relatively inexpensive, readily available, non- -injurious to man, non-injurious to merchandise, is non-lammable, and in addition removes or reduces the fire hazard connected with the use of fumigants with which it is mixed. I[t is compatible with all the common fumigants. Carbon dioxide has frequently been recommended as a fumi- gant, but when used alone has never proved very satisfactory. Of the many reports regarding its insecticidal properties, the most exhaustive known to the writers is that of Dendy and Elkington,? published in 1920. They found that specimens of the rice weevil, Sztophilus oryza, were readily killed with carbon dioxide in admixture with air and that up to a certain point the higher the initial concentration of carbon dioxide the more rapid was the lethal effect. With an initial carbon dioxide concen- tration of 14 per cent rice weevils survived for about 12 days, with a percentage of about 79 the weevils were all killed in 21 hours. On the other hand weevils confined in pure carbon dioxide for 20 hours all recovered and others confined in the pure _ 1 Hazelhoff, E. H., Jour. Econ. Ent., v. 21, no. 5, p. 790, 1928. *Dendy, A., and Elkington, D. Report on the Effect of Air-tight Storage upon Grain Insects. Part III, Royal Soc. Rpt. Grain Pests (War) Commit- fees noo. pp. toll 920; 100 =PpROc. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 gas at temperatures lower than normal recovered after 13 days’ confinement. Apparently pure carbon dioxide acts as a narcotic, under the influence of which insects may remain in- active for a considerable period, without losing their power of recovery. The writers recently conducted a series of experiments to determine the value of carbon dioxide in admixture with other fumigants, and to determine the possibility of its commercial application. In the first series of experiments, fumigation tests were conducted with specimens of the flour beetle, 777- bolium confusum Duv., in 6-liter glass flasks. Ethylene di- chloride at the rate of 63 mg. and 84 mg. respectively, per liter, and methyl chloroacetate at the rate of 4 mg. per liter were used alone and with varying concentrations of carbon dioxide. The results obtained are given in Table I. In the preceding experiments the carbon dioxide was run into the flasks first and allowed to stand a few minutes before the fumigant was added. As may be seen from the data in Table I, ethylene dichloride used alone at the rate of 63 mg. per liter killed only 50 per cent of the flour beetles in 5 hours, whereas when the same dosage was used in combination with 330 mg. of carbon dioxide per liter 100 per cent kill was obtained in 3 hours. When used at the rate of 84 mg. per liter ethylene dichloride alone gave a 100 per cent kill in 4 hours, and in combi- nation with 330 mg. of carbon dioxide per liter a 100 per cent kill was obtained in 1 hour. Similarly a dosage of 4 mg. per liter of methyl chloroacetate used alone gave a 100 per cent kill in 5 hours and in combination with 330 mg. of carbon dioxide per liter a 100 per cent was obtained in | hour. Further experiments were conducted in the 6-liter flasks with carbon disulfide and chloropicrin. Carbon disulfide when used alone at the rate of 250 mg. per liter gave a 100% per cent kill in 234 hours, and the same dosage in combination with 330 mg. per liter of carbon dioxide gave a 100 per cent kill in 1% hours. With chloropicrin the results were more striking. When used alone.at the rate of 17 mg. per liter a 100 per cent kill was obtained in 90 minutes, whereas with the addition of 330 mg. per liter of carbon dioxide the necessary exposure to kill 100 per cent of the flour beetles was reduced to 20 minutes, or less than a fourth of the time. From an examination of the data in Table I a dosage some- where between 165 mg. and 330 mg. per liter (or 10 and 20 Ibs. per 1,000 cu. ft.) of carbon dioxide would, from the standpoint of economy and efficiency, appear to be most satisfactory for general fumigation work. In subsequent experiments a dosage about midway between the two proved to be very efficient. Since the use of carbon dioxide in combination with other fumigants is particularly adapted for vacuum work, experiments a all 101 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 00; OOT OO OOT OO Oot OOT OOT Oot OL OOT OO ME 06 09 001 SY) OF 09 Ol OOT Sy) 1! Oi! S Bu QEe Bu COT “Bu CR “Bu ZF “aUuoTP “hay 42d “OD YA OOL OOL OOL OOT O01 OO OOT OOT OOL 08 OS OO O01 OOL OOT OOL OO! Oo! 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When used alone at the rate of 3 pounds! to 1,000 cubic feet this fumigant gave a 100 per cent kill in 3 hours, when used in combination with carbon dioxice at the rate of about 14 pounds to 1,000 cubic fect, the same dose gave a 100 per cent kill in 45 minutes, or in one-fourth of the time. To obtain a perfect kill in 45 minutes without the use of carbon dioxide it required slightly more than 6 pounds to 1,000 cubic feet of the fumigant, or more than twice the dosage. Carbon dioxide is at present being used to some extent in commercial vacuum fumigation in combination with carbon disulfide.2. It is used in very heavy concentrations with the purpose of reducing the fire hazard connected with the use of - carbon disulfide and not for the purpose of increasing the toxicity of the fumigant. CoNncLUSION. Carbon dioxide in admixture with the vapors of ethylene dichloride, methyl! chloroacetate, carbon disulfide, chloropicrin, and ethylene oxide appears to be of considerable value for fumi- gation purposes. It accelerates the toxic action upon insects of these vapors to such an extent that the dosage or length of exposure may be greatly reduced. It is non-injurious to man and to the merchandise fumigated and has the added advantage of removing or reducing the fire hazard of inflammable fumi- gants. A NEW AGRONUS FROM CANADA (COLEOPTERA: OTIORHYNCHIDAE). By L. L. Bucnanan, U. S. Biological Survey. The species described below is one of the many interesting discoveries of Mr. F. S. Carr of Medicine Hat, Alberta. Agronus carri, n. sp. 20 specimens, apparently all females. Length, 314 to 4 mm.; width, 1.26 to 2.01 mm. Body stout; vestiture above consisting of short, stout, sub-erect setae, and pale, subcircular scales with a faint pearly luster; scales slightly 'Three pounds per 1,000 cubic feet are equivalent to 48 mg. per liter. 2U. S. Patent 1,668,068, May 1, 1928, states that 740 cu. ft. of carbon dioxide is used with 200 cubic feet of carbon disulfide. A ee i eee OPA ye OS ale a es ee PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 103 separated or contiguous, at most not more than narrowly overlapping, and allowing numerous points of the shining black surface chitin to show through; abdomen sparsely hairy, sides of Ist and 2d segments with a few scales; rest of under surface rather sparsely scaly. Rostrum a little shorter than in cinerarius, similarly concave above, upper margins of scrobes not quite so strongly convergent backward; rostrum and head longitudinally strigose; scape 2,'3 as long as funicle, and with a few, narrow, not appressed scales on apical portion (in addition to the setae); funicle dis- tinctly shorter than in cimerarius, though the relative lengths of the segments are about the same. Eyes small, nearly round, rather prominent. Pronotum unevenly, subrugosely punctured, the scaly covering incomplete and leaving exposed many of the larger, seta-bearing punctures; sides of prothorax feebly rounded, slightly constricted at base and apex, the Jatter narrower. Elytral intervals broad and flat, the setae numerous and confused; scales, as a rule, a little more condensed and just visibly paler for a short distance behind scu- tellum; serial punctures rounded, close-set (separated by thcir own diameter or less), the rows more or less interrupted or obscured by the encroachment of scales. - Legs scaly and setose, Ist tarsal segment shorter than in cinerarius. Abdominal punctures on Ist to 4th segments very fine and sparse or obsolete, on 5th segment small and rather sparse, but distinct; middle half of Ist and 2d segments transversely strigose on most specimens; apical half of Ist, and basal half of 2d, with a common flattened or concave area. Inter-coxal piece nar- rower than in cinerarius, and with a slightly arcuate suture between it and metasternum (suture is straight in cimerarius). Type locality. brush). Other locality —Chilestin, British Columbia (E. R. Buckell). Type and 13 paratypes returned to Mr. Carr. Type to be deposited in Canadian National Collection; 2 paratypes, Cat. No. 41754, in U. S. National Museum Collection; 1 paratype in Biological Survey collection; 1 paratype in collection of Ralph Hopping; 2 paratypes in collection of writer. In cinerarius, the elytral intervals are narrower, with the scales more crowded and almost completely covering the sur- face chitin. The scales are largely confined to the intervals, —j. e., they do not noticeably encroach on the strial rows, the latter, in most specimens, being rather sharply defined throughout their length. The male of cinerarius has a con- cavity or transverse depression near apex of last ventral segment. The three species of 4gronus are separable as follows: Medicine Hat, Alberta (F. S. Carr) (on sage 1. Scape, when laid across middle of eye, reaching distinctly past its hind UDR Tons Jt gu nats Me Ce ee enna eee ee 2 la. Scape hot or barely attaining hind margin of eye; last ventral segment flat or feebly convex, not transversely depressed apically (probably a ERTIALENG HD AEAC CEL Meets Rapes mv ew lar tee est AUN et ee ocean aes 3 ’ 104 proc. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 5, MAY, 1929 2. Elytral setae short, blunt, in a confused single or double row along each interval; scales above denser, those on sutural, third, and fifth intervals often paler, the latter two intervals sometimes a little wider than the others; strial rows generally sharply defined; form more elongate; Calif: (Placer and) Siskiyous|Gos:) eee see ener cinerarius Horn. 2a. Elytral setae long, fine, acute at tip, in a double row along each interval; strial rows feebly defined, interrupted in numerous places by the en- croachment of scales; body stouter; Calif. (San Francisco), (Horn)__. deciduus Horn 3. Elytral setae short, stout, blunt at tip and in a confused double or triple series along each interval; intervals broad and flat; stria] rows as in deciduus; body still stouter; Alberta and B. C..._....W.-....------------ carri n. sp. Mr. E. T. Cresson, Jr., kindly furnished data regarding the type of deciduus Horn. Agronus carri, n. sp. A, base of elytra showing strial punctures and arrangement of vestiture. B, fore leg. CORRECTION OF LEGEND FOR PLATE 5 OF THE PREVIOUS ISSUE. Through an unfortunate editorial error the name “Pecilo- gonalos henicospilus Rohwer” appears under plate 5, page 80, in the issue of May 4, 1929. The following name should be substituted for this: Poecilogonalos thwaitesii (Westwood). — Editor. Actual date of publication, June 21, 1929. VOL. 31 JUNE, 1929 No. 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Son ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON CONTENTS BRIDWELL, JOHN COLBURN—DESCRIPTION OF A BRUCHID IMMIGRANT INTO HAWAII BREEDING IN THE SEEDS OF CONVOLVULACEAE (COLE- CEASRIAD PRN? Se ety eed i See oe ee ee. Te 8D DYAR, HARRISON G. AND HEINRICH, CARL—A NEW MYELOIS FROM BRAZIL KHEPIDOPTERAY PYRALIDAE? PHYCITINAB)) | 6 2. foe. che. LNG LITTLE, V, A.—A NEW GRASSHOPPER (QRTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) FROM SESS COG eae es Nae ttt We ene eM gh oe. oh <6 Wc, ea ey Lae Om Be The eee aL MCATEE, W. L.—- FURTHER NOTES ON INSECT INHABITANTS OF BIRD HOUSES 105 MUESEBECK, C. F. W.—-TWO NEW SPECIES OF APANTELES (HYMENOPTERA: MUMCONEOAR) tin se \s Mt en ele A NTE Ror oY sek Ven 6 We Ee PusiisHED Montuiy Except Jury, Aucust AND SEPTEMBER BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON OrcGaAnizeD Marcu 12, 1884. The regular meetings of the Society are held in the National Museum on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 p. M. Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the ProcEEpINGs and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1929. Honorary President’ (. 2 ee ee L. O. HOWARD President. 3. VA SUha kee Pee ee ee eee J. E. GRAF First Vice=Prestdentis, 30... 2.3) peas eae ee eee A. C. BAKER Second Vice-President, a ee eee ee ee EF. C., BISHOBRE Recording: Secretary» ts... eben. cone ee J. S. WADE Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer ......... ... Sa. ROBWERE U.S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. PEQUOF.. ugh Sates Pea ey Nee a ee W. R. WALTON Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C. Executive Committee: THe Orricers and C. T. Greene, A. N. CaupbeE Lt, T. E. SNypDER. Representing the Society as Vice-President of the Washington Academy of SCIENCES. 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All manuscripts should be sent to the Editor. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON VOL. 31 TUNES 1929 No. 6 FURTHER NOTES ON INSECT INHABITANTS OF BIRD HOUSES. By W. Ly McAteer: In these Proceedings for April, 1927 (Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 87— 90), the writer reported on insects and certain other small organ- isms found in or bred from bird houses at Bell, Md., during the season of 1926. The present paper is a similar report for the season of 1927. Assistance by identification of organisms upon which they specialize is gratefully acknowledged from J. R. Malloch and L. L. Buchanan of the Biological Survey, Aug. Busck, Adam Boving, E. A. Chapin, H. G. Dyar, H. E. Ewing, and A. B. Gahan of the Bureau of Entomology, and Paul Bartsch and C. R. Shoemaker of the National Museum. Corrections and additions to the previous report may be noted as follows: the puparia there listed as sarcophagid were chiefly those of Protocalliphora; the Tinea sp. doubtless is the same as that positively identified in 1927 as T. fuscipunctella Haworth; and the ‘theta sp. is now provisionally identified as Microglotta nidicola Fairmaire. Points in the 1927 findings of special interest are: the fact that rather heavy infestations of the parasitic flies (Protocalli- phora splendida) are not especially destructive to nestling birds; we found no entire broods killed, in fact only an occasional individual nestling the death of which may have resulted from attacks of these parasites; from 50 to 65 per cent mortality of the Protocalliphora due to parasites and predators shows that balancing factors are operating in favor of the birds; the finding of living adults of the beetles (Guathoncus communis and Ptinus brunneus) in closely fitting cavities inside bird droppings, and of those of the first named species and of Attagenus piceus inside of puparia of Protocalliphora into which they must have gained entrance as very small larvae, cases practically bridging the gap between scavenger and parasite; the common occur- rence in the nests of the tachinid fly Plectops pruinosa with no evidence as yet as to its rdle; and finally the astonishing abun- dance of scavengers, predators, and parasites in some of the nests. Records of occurrence are analyzed in the sequel, first, under species of birds and secondly, under entries for each kind of inquiline identified. 106 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 STARLING (Sturnus vulgaris). The contents of 7 nest boxes in which broods of starlings had been reared were analyzed. The starling is very untidy in its housekeeping with the result that the nest becomes a paradise for scavengers. Isopoda. Porcellionides pruinosus Brandt. A single specimen from one house, July 8. Corrodentia. Troctes divinatorius Muller. In 5 nests, numerous in 2, July 8. Lepidoptera. Epizeuxis americalis Guenee. An adult present in one box, July 8. Tinea fuscipunctella Haworth. In 5 houses (both dates), from one of which 39 adults were bred, and later a count made of no fewer than 92 cocoons. Coleoptera. Silpha noveboracensis Forster. One adult, July 8. Philonthus sp. One larva, July 8. Microglotta nidicola Fairmaire. One adult identified as probably this species, July 8. Dermestes sp. Associated with the dried-up body of a young bird in one nest were 26 shed skins of about equal size, and remains of smaller ones of earlier instars, July 8. Attagenus piceus Olivier. Living larvae and exuviae in 5 boxes, both dates. Hister biplagiatus Leconte. One adult from each of three boxes, both dates. Hister abbreviatus Fabricius. Hister memnonius Say. One adult of each of these species from a nest collected July 8. Hister sp. A single larva, July 8. Carcinops 14-striata Stephens. Nine adults, from a single box, July 8. Dendrophilus punctulatus Say. A single adult with the last. Saprinus conformis Casey. One adult, July 8. Saprinus n. sp. A single adult from one house, and four from another, July 8. Gnathoncus communis Marseul. One adult from each of two boxes, and four from each of two others, July 8. In one of these latter houses the state of occurrence of two of the specimens were of interest; one was inside a dropping and the other inside a puparium of Protocalliphora splendida, which had some exit holes of parasitic hymenoptera but none large enough to admit the adult histerid; it must therefore have matured in the puparium after crawling in as a larva. Gnathoncus idiopygus Casey. “One adult in each of two nests, July 8. Glistrochilus fasciatus Olivier. One adult, July 8. Trox scaber Linnaeus. In 4 houses, July 8, to the number of 1, 6, 7 and 7 adults; all in the lot of 6 were covered with mites. Hypera punctata Fabricius. One adult, July 8. Diptera. Scatopse notata Linnaeus. Two puparia from one nest, July 8. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 107 Reichertella femoralis Meigen. Two adults from one nest and one from another, July 8. Scenopinus fenestralis Linnaeus. Represented in 5 nests by small numbers of various stages, both dates. Aphiochaeta sp. One adult, July 8. Tachinidae. Puparia probably of this family, but not further identified, were found in 2 houses, fifteen in one and one in another, July 8. Plectops pruinosa Malloch. In small numbers in 3 boxes, July 8. Sarcophaga sp. One puparium, August 16. Lucilia australis Townsend. One adult, July 8; in the same nest were 4 puparia, one containing a dead fly, that may represent the same species. . Protocalliphora splendida Macquart. Represented in 4 nests, from one of which 24 and from another 33 adults were bred; both dates. Orthellia caesarion Meigen. One puparium, August 16. Muscina stabulans Fallen. Six adults and 8 puparia from one nest, July 8. Hydrotaea nidicola Malloch. Five adults and 8 puparia, 4 of them para- sitized, from one box, July 8. Fannia canicularis Linnaeus. A single adult from one box and one adult and 5 puparia from another, July 8. Fannia femoralis Stein. Three puparia from one nest, July 8. Fannia trimaculata Stein. Seventeen adults from one house, July 8. Fannia sp. Represented by a few larvae or puparia in 4 nests; both dates. Dendrophaonia querceti Bouché. Represented by 18 to 20 puparia in each of 3 houses, July 8. Anthomyia pluvialis Linnaeus. Three adults and 4 puparia from one nest, July 8. Hylemyia sp. One puparium, July 8. Neossos marylandica Malloch. Represented in 6 houses, usually numer- ously; both dates. Hypaspistomyia latipes Meigen. Three adults from one nest and 8 from another, July 8. Leptocera limosa Meigen. Leptocera ferrugata Stenhammer. One adult of each of these in one nest, July 8. Hymenoptera. Apanteles carpatus Say. Five adults from one nest, July 8. Acoloides sp. One, July 8. Eucoila sp. In 2 houses, 22 from one, July 8. Eurytoma sp. Two in one box, July 8. Spalangia drosophilae Ashmead. Two from one house and one from another, July 8. Spalangia muscidarum. ‘Two, July 8. Mormoniella abnormis. One, July 8. Tetrastichus sp. In 3 nests to the number of 9 in one, July 8. Crematogaster lineolata Say. A numerous colony in one nest, July 8. Acarina. Liponyssus sylviarum Canestrini and Fanzago, Lelaps sp. 108 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 Analgesidae. Two of the nests collected July 8 were heavily infested with mites, one having the first and second groups in this list represented, and the other the second and third. Araneida. One spider further unidentified, July 8. Gastropoda. Zonitoides arborea Say. One specimen in each of 3 nests; both dates. Gastrodonta ligera Say. One, July 8. Pupoides marginatus Say. In 2 houses, July 8. There may be some question as to whether the snails are food items or intruders; if the former we should expect them to have been eaten or at least damaged; as they were in perfect condition the intruder hypothesis is favored. ENGLISH SPARROW (Passer domesticus). Three bird houses were occupied by this species from two of which two nests each were collected; another nest was tucked into a cavity in the lower aspect of the martin house, and this circumstance appears to have resulted in some transfer of parasites. Isopoda. Porcellionides pruinosus Brandt. In one nest, August 16. Corrodentia. Troctes divinatorius Muller. Numerous in two nests, July 8. Lepidoptera. Tinea fuscipunctella Haworth. Twenty-seven adults bred from one nest (August 16), and smaller numbers from each of two others. Coleoptera. Attagenus piceus Olivier. Numerous in 3 nests, both dates. Trogoderma ornata Say. Three adults bred from one nest, July 8, and one from another, August 16. Trogoderma inclusa Leconte. Your adults bred from a nest collected July 8, and one from another collected August 16. Ptinus brunneus Duftschmid. Seven adults from one box, July 8, one of them from inside a dropping composed of insect fragments; in addi- tion there were living larvae of Ptinus in this nest, and in another col- lected August 16. Diptera. Scenopinus fenestralis Linnaeus. One larva, 2 puparia, and 2 adults in one nest, August 16. Phoridae. Two puparia in one house, July 8. Plectops pruinosa Malloch. In three boxes, both dates, the largest number from one nest, 14. Lucilia sp. Seven larvae in one nest, July 8. Protocalliphora splendida Macquart. Represented in every nest, the largest number of adults bred from a single nest being 20. Hylemyia sp. Remains of 4 adults in one nest, July 8, and one puparium in another, August 16. Neossos marylandica Malloch. Bred from 2 nests collected August 16, 5 and 6 adults being reared. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 109 Hymenoptera. Crematogaster lineolata Say. Numerous in 2 nests, August 16. Suctoria. Ceratophyllus idius Jordan and Rothschild. ‘Two in the nest under martin house, no doubt by intrusion from the latter. Acarina. Liponyssus syloiarum Canestrini and Fanzago. Dermanyssus sp. Laelaps sp. Analgesidae. All of these were represented in a nest swarming with mites; many of the last-named group were in a second house; July 8. PURPLE MARTIN (Progne sudis). Apparently only 4 rooms of a 16-compartment martin house were occupied. The contents of these were collected August 16 and yielded the following insects: Corrodentia. Troctes divinatorius Muller. Vhousands. Lepidoptera. Tinea fuscipunctella Haworth. Fragments of several chrysalides. Coleoptera. Attagenus piceus Olivier. Numerous living larvae and cast skins. Trogoderma sp. One from puparium of Protocalliphora splendida. Carcinops /4-striata Stephens. Two adults. Diptera. Scenopinus fenestralis Linnaeus. Nineteen larvae, 10 puparia (2 un- hatched), and 5 adults. Plectops pruinosa Malloch. One adult. Protocalliphora splendida Macquart. Fragments of 2 adults, 3 dead larvae, and 355 puparia were found in the martin house, an average infestation of nearly 90 to a brood of nestlings. An analysis of the puparia is of interest. Flies had emerged from 123; 173 otherwise emptied puparia had been parasitized by small hymenoptera (chiefly if not entirely Mormoniella abnormis); 6 had larger exit holes in them, and 6 were irregularly broken (probably by some scavenger); 45 were entire contain- ing dead larvae or flies, of which 12 appeared to have been killed by mold and 12 by parasites. The numbers of parasite larvae in single puparia were counted in several cases and totals of no fewer than 36 reached in two instances. Hylemyia sp. One puparium and fragments of 4 adults. Neossos marylandica Malloch. Hundreds of puparia and adults. Hymenoptera. Mormoniella abnormis Boheman. Hundreds of adults emerged and many larvae were in puparia of Protocalliphora as noted. Suctoria. Ceratophyllus idius Jordan and Rothschild. Many. Acarina. Dermanyssus gallinae Linnaeus. A few, perhaps stragglers from the English sparrow nest tucked in a cavity under the martin house proper. 110 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 HOUSE WREN (Troglodytes aedon). Fifteen boxes occupied by house wrens were studied, in 13 of which one or more broods were produced. The insect and other inhabitants other than those brought in to feed the young included: Isopoda. Porcellionides pruinosus Brandt. Two in one nest, July 8, six in another, August 16; elevated retreats for these characteristically terrestrial creatures. Corrodentia. Troctes divinatorius Muller. A few in one nest and many in another, July 8. Lepidoptera. Epizeuxis americalis Guenee. A chrysalis in one nest, August 16. Tinea fuscipunctella Haworth. In four nests; numerous, with all stages represented in one, August 16. Coleoptera. Staphylinidae, remains of 2 in one nest, August 16. Hippodamia convergens Guerin. In one box, July 8. Attagenus piceus Olivier. Represented in 8 nests, numerous in one, August 16. Trogoderma ornatum Say. Adults in 4 nests. Trogoderma inclusa Le Conte. One adult in a single nest, August 16. Ptinus fur Linnaeus. Three adults in one nest, August 16. Anomala undulata Melsheimer. Two adults in one nest, July 8. Do these beetles (too large for the wren to bringin) creep into cavities to die? Mordellistena infima Le Conte. One adult in each of 2 boxes, July 8. Diptera. Scenopinus fenestralis Linnaeus. One larva found in each of 3 nests, Au- gust 16. Plectops pruinosa Malloch. Four adults from one box, August 16. Sarcophaga sp. One puparium in a single nest, August 16. | Protocalliphora splendida Macquart. Represented in 6 nests, both dates. Two lots collected August 16 are worth further comment. In one case a well grown larva of Aitagenus piceus with several cast skins was found inside an apparently intact puparium. Probably some small opening existed through which the first stage larva crawled but the case is one of those illustrating the convergence of predation and parasitism. In the second noteworthy instance the Protocalliphora found consisted of 48 puparia from which adults had emerged, 50 that had been destroyed by parasites, and a single dried-up larva. This case besides showing a rather heavy infestation for so small a bird as the house wren (one of the 4 young died in the nest) proves that the Protocalliphora do not have things all their own way, the mortality cited being more than 50 per cent. Protocalliphora sp. Two adult females bred from a nest collected July 8, probably represent an undescribed species, but males are needed for satisfactory diagnosis. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 111 Fannia sp. One puparium in a single nest, August 16. Neossos marylandica Malloch. One adult bred August 16. Hymenoptera. Apanteles carpatus Say. Four adults from one nest, August 16. Acoloides sp. Two adults from one house, July 8. Mormoniella abnormis Boheman. ‘Two puparia of Protocalliphora splendida from a nest collected August 16, were packed with the small fat larvae of this parasite. Tetrastichus sp. Six specimens from one nest box, August 16. Crematogaster lineolata Say. Numerous in one box, July 8. Araneida. Spiders not further identified were represented in the contents of 3 houses. Gastropoda. Zonitoides arboreus. A single specimen found in each of 3 bird boxes; not likely to have been brought in by wrens; these probably crawled in for shelter. BLUEBIRD (Sialia sialis). Four nests, occupied part or all season by bluebirds, in two of which broods were reared, yelded the following intruders, mostly scavengers: Corrodentia. Troctes divinatorius Muller, abundant in one nest, July 8. Lepidoptera. Tinea fuscipunctella Haworth, in one nest, August 16. Coleoptera. Attagenus piceus Olivier, a few larvae in one nest, July 8. Anthrenus sp., one adult, August 16. Ptinus fur Linnaeus, two adults, one live larva, and some shed skins in one nest, August 16. Diptera. Neossos marylandica Malloch, 2 adults in one nest, August 16. Hymenoptera. Acoloides sp., 7 adults in one nest, July 8. Crematogaster lineolata Say, numerous in two nests, July 8, August 16. As a supplement to the 1927 report may be added the following statement of the inquilines found in a nest collected August 18, 1928, the only one analyzed this year. CRESTED FLYCATCHER (Myitarchus crinitus). Lepidotera. Tinea fuscipunctella Haworth. Numerous. Diptera. Plectops pruinosa Malloch. Ten adults. Frontina sp. Two puparia in a cell with a shrunken caterpillar, Sarco- phagidae. Fragments of an adult. Protocalliphora splendida Macquart. Five puparia. Hymenoptera. Cynipidae. One adult. La PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 DESCRIPTION OF A BRUCHID IMMIGRANT INTO HAWAII BREEDING IN THE SEEDS OF CONVOLVULACEAE (COLEOP- TERA). By Joun Cotpurn BripweE ti, Glencarlyn, Virginia. Under the manuscript name Megacerus pescaprae Falder- mann, Director of the Botanic Gardens at St. Petersburg, sent a Bruchid obtained from seeds of /pomoea pescaprae from Brazil to Schoenherr for use in his work on the Curculionidae. Schoenherr considered it a Bruchus of his Stirps 2, Maniplus 2, and referred it to Fahraeus, who described it as Bruchus pes- caprae in Schoenherr 1839, Gen. Curc. 5:34, no. 48, citing Faldermann’s manuscript name in synonymy. Under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (see Opinion no. 4) this action validates the monobasic genus Megacerus with the genotype Bruchus pescaprae. This instance seems to be the oldest use of the genonym Megacerus. Jekel in 1855 (Insecta Saundersiana Col. Curc. 1:1) considered the group containing Bruchus pescaprae and B. coryphae Olivier as of generic rank and described it without using a generic name but placed the specimens in his collection under the name Pachybruchus which was published by Pic 1912 (Echange 28:109) as a subgenus. I fully agree with Jekel’s opinion and with the suggestion made by Sharp 1885 (Biol. Centr.-Am. Col. 5:484) that the group seems entitled to generic recognition and it is here so treated as the genus Megacerus. The breeding habits of several species of Megacerus are known and with one possible exception all are attached to the family Convolvulaceae, the larvae living in their seeds. Among these are our species discoideus (Say), impiger (Horn), coryphae (Oli- vier), and schaefferianus new name (Bruchus crenatus Schaeffer 1909 not Bruchus crenatus (Fabricius) Thunberg 1791). Ma- terial of an undescribed species from Panama in the National Museum bears a label indicating the “silk cotton” as host plant. So far the genus is exclusively American, extending throughout the range of Convolvulaceae on the Continent and in the West Indies, and represented by many species in the American tropics. The species here described is the first of the genus to show migratory tendencies. The species of Megacerus may be separated into four groups of which the species here described falls into one having these characters: Mucro of hind tibia long and slender, as long as the tibial width at apex or longer, sculpture very strong, at least some of the elytral intervals bearing a row of punctures; body beneath, pygidium, and in part dorsum of pronotum and elytra bearing dense appressed pubescence concealing the sur- face sculpture and with certain characteristic denudate areas; ee ee Aa. ee On eg Se gt PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 Lis apex of front tibia of males bearing a deflected slender acute tooth or spine behind the base of the tarsus; inner carina of hind femur beneath simple, not crenate nor emarginate or toothed at apex. Should further study indicate the need of a name for this group Pachybruchus Pic is available since Bruchus coryphae (originally included and hereby designated as genotype of Pachybruchus) belongs in this group together with Megacerus melaleucus (Fahraeus) and ¢reticulatus, leucor- pilus and excellans (Sharp) all distinct and well distinguished species. Megacerus alternatus, new species. / Rufous, head and antennae entirely black; clothed with dense appressed pubescence concealing the surface sculpture, whitish-ochraceous on prothorax and mesothorax shading to snowy white on metapleuron, metasternum, sternites and pygidium; pronotum with a longitudinal denudate area on either side of the median line with an outer acute backward directed spur arising near the middle and a sublateral denudate dot on either side near the middle; elytra with the intervals alternately pubescent and denudate, suture basally passing over on the first interval near the middle, the suture thence denudate, 2, 4, 6, 8 except on humeral callus, 9 and 10 on humeral lobe, and the apex of elytra pubescent, elsewhere denudate; pygidium with a slight longitudinal denudate excision on either side, these parallel, slightly divergent from the margin an- teriorly; legs with sparse cinereous pubescence not concealing the surface; punctures of pronotum revealed on the denudate areas moderate, dense, con- fluent, well impressed; striae of elytra well impressed, the punctures moderate, not much encroaching on the intervals, subconfluent, a little larger than the more shallow punctures of the intervals; sculpture of pygidium concealed by pubescence; eyes of female separated by nearly the width of the upper lobe of the eye, subcontiguous in the male. Length (from anterior margin of pronotum to apex of elytra), 4 mm. Described from material furnished by O. H. Swezey of Honolulu and collected by him. Holotype male, Barber’s Point, Oahu, Dec. 23, 1923; allotype female, Honolulu, Sep- tember 22, 1926, from seeds of [pomoeae pescaprae and four female and six male paratypes with the same data as the allo- type. Holotype, allotype and six paratypes deposited in the collec- tion of the United States National Museum; male and female paratypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Entomological Society; male and female paratypes in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History). The alternate pubescence of the elytra distinguishes this species from any other, no other species of this group having so much pubescence on the elytra. It resembles, among the described species, /eucospi/us more closely than any other, but 114 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 in that species the sculpture of the elytra is somewhat coarser. In coryphae the profound perforate punctures of the intervals encroach upon the intervals very strongly. Mr. Swezey first took a/ternatus on Oahu on Dec. 23, 1923, as recorded (1925, Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. 6:3 Bruchus near coryphae Olivier). It was subsequently bred by E. L. Caum and Mr. Swezey from Ipomoea pescaprae and by Mr. Swezey from J. tuberculata. In the collection of the National Museum is a series of three broken and much abraded individuals appar- ently belonging to this species intercepted at San Francisco by L. A. Whitney in baggage from Nicaragua together with the seeds from which they had bred numbered H. 3870. The seeds appear to be those of /pomoea crassicaulis (Bentham), better known as J. fistulosa Martius, an erect shrub much cultivated in southern Texas and in tropical America generally. A NEW GRASSHOPPER (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) FROM TEXAS. By V. A. Litrte, Texas A. and M. College, College Station, Texas. Melanoplus warneri, new species. This form belongs to the Texanus series and is most closely related to zexvenus. The writer formerly confused it with this species (Entomological News, Vol. 37, p. 319), but a study of a large series of both shows it to be an entirely separate and distinct species. It can be easily separated from fexanus by the differences in the male cerci, size, fastigium of the vertex, and distribution. Type male: Brazos County, Texas, May 20, 1928. Size medium; form robust. Color grayish brown with a ferrugineous tinge on head and pronotum, lighter beneath. Antennae reddish brown, apically infuscated; equal to the combined length of the head and pronotum. Eyes oval, the width equaling two-thirds the length; mottled in color. Fastigium of the vertex moderately declivent, enlarging and rounded apically; shallowly sulcate. Frontal costa equal, plane above, shallowly sulcate around and below the median ocellus. Pronotum enlarging a little posteriorly with the hind margin roundly angulate; the metazona three-fourths the length of the prozona. Median carina very distinct; lateral carina faint. Post-ocular band reaching metazona, broadening posteriorly. Prosternal spine large, sub-conical, blunt, and retrose. Epimera of the meso- and meta-thorax black. Interspace be- tween the mesosternal lobes twice as long as wide; the lobes of the metasternum attingent. Tegmina short, overlapping, ovate with the apices roundly pointed; faintly maculate; scarcely as long as head and pronotum combined. Extremity of abdomen upturned, supra-anal plate triangular, as broad as long, mesially PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 115 suleate, sides nearly straight. Furcula very short, depressed broader than long. Cerci broad and straight, spatulate; two and one-half times as long as the narrowest breadth; apically roundedly angulate and slightly incurved. Tip of abdomen of the male, Jateral and dorsal views. Sub-genital plate sub-conical, almost as broad as long, apically entire. Hind femora exceeding tip of abdomen and crossed on the outer and upper surfaces by two ill-defined fuscous bands; lower surface reddish. Hind tibiae red with eleven black tipped spines in the outer series. Measurements in Millimeters. Length of Length of Length of Length of Length of Antenna Pronotum Body Tegmen Hind femur ' Type 8 BS) 20 7 12.8 Paratypes (76) 726 SA Oro) E8988 ee 11.6-14.4 Allotype female: Brazos County, Texas, May 10, 1928. Considerably larger than the male; very robust in form. General color rusty brown with fuscous; lighter beneath. Antennae rusty brown apically infus- cated; not quite as long as the combined length of head and pronotum. Eyes moderately prominent, width equaling three-fourths the length. Fastigium of vertex as in male but more shallowly sulcate, Frontal costa equal, plane, shal- lowly sulcate around and immediately below the median ocellus; punctate. Pronotum considerably enlarging posteriorly, but evenly; slightly arched; posterior margin rounded. Metazona four-fifths the length of the prozona; median carina distinct; lateral carinae sub-obsolete. Post-ocular band reaching metazona, not as distinct as in male. Prosternal spine sub-conical, retrose. Epimera black. Interspace between the mesosternal lobes sub-quadrate; that of the metasternal lobes wedge-shaped. Tegmina short, oval, slightly over- lapping with their apices rounded; length less than that of the head and pro- notum combined; faintly maculate. Ovipositor moderately exserted. Hind 116 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 femora reaching tip of abdomen, more or less infuscated; two fuscous bands across the upper and outer surfaces faintly indicated; color beneath, reddish. Hind tibiae red with eleven black tipped spines in the outer series. Measurements in Millimeters. Length of Length of Lengthof Length of Length of Antenna Pronotum Body Tegmen Hind femur Allotype 9.5 7.65 26.4 8 16.4 Paratypes (48) 8.8-10.4 7.65-8.55 23.2-28.8 7.2-9.2 14.4-17.6 This species is found in open post oak woods. Over a five- year period that the writer has taken it, April 12 is the earliest date that adults have been found. It disappears in early June. No specimens have ever been taken after June 15. The type, allotype and all the paratype material was taken in the immediate vicinity of College Station, Texas. It is named in honor of Dr. S. R. Warner, Huntsville, Texas. The type, allotype and several paratypes have been deposited in the U. S. National Museum. A NEW MYELOIS FROM BRAZIL (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE: PHYCITINAE). By Harrison G. Dyar Aanp Cari HEINRICH. The following new species was received from Sefior Doctor Gregorio Bondar, Chief of the Laboratory of Vegetable Path- ology of the State of Bahia, Brazil, with request for a name. Myelois expunctrix, new species. Fore wing unicolorous slate gray, under magnification showing a few black scales along the veins and a general faint whitish dusting; cross lines obsolete; along termen at vein ends a row of faint black dots; cilia gray, faintly sprinkled with sordid white; veins 4-5 long stalked. Hind wing semitranslucent white with a smoky shade at apex and on veins and with a rather broad dark band along costa; along termen a thin dark line; cilia shining white; veins 4 and 5 long stalked. ’ Expanse, 22-30 mm. Females considerably larger than the males. Genitalia figured from type (male) and paratype (female). Type and paratypes.—Cat. No. 41636 U. S. N. M. (Gregorio Bondar). Type locality —Bahia, Brazil. Food plant—‘‘Stems of leguminous tree.” Described from male type and 2 male and 11 female para- types, all reared and from the type locality. Apparently close et RE PLATE 6 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31 MYELOIS. ’ DYAR AND HEINRICH 118 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 to perrensiella Ragonot from which it is distinguished by the absence of the outer cross line on the fore wing. The genitalia resemble those of euzopherella Dyar and pombra Dyar, differing in the uncus which is much stouter and broader stemmed in expunctrix than in either of the other two species. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Myelois expunctrix, new species. Fig 1. Male genitalia; ventral view of organs spread, with aedoeagus omitted; An=anellus; Gn= gnathos; Tg = tegumen; U=uncus; Vm=vinculum. Fig. 2. Eighth abdominal segment showing ventro-lateral hair tufts. Fig. 3. Aedoeagus and penis of male. Fig. 4. Genitalia of female; Go—genital opening; Sm—signum. Drawings made under the author’s supervision by Mary Foley Benson of the Bureau of Entomology. TWO NEW SPECIES OF APANTELES (HYMENOPTERA: BRA- CONIDAE). By C. F. W. MUESEBECK, U. S. Bureau of Entomology, Melrose Highlands, Mass. The following descriptions are presented at this time in order to make the names available for use in economic papers that are in the course of preparation. Apanteles phlyctaeniae, new species. Runs to couplet 140 in my key to the North American species of Apanteles, and is very similar to pyraustae Viereck and phobetri Rohwer. From both it differs, however, in the very weakly punctate mesoscutum, in the relatively less strongly sculptured propodeum, and in having the plate of the first tergite more strongly rounded off apically and that of the second much narrower at extreme base. It differs further from pyraustae in the much longer female antennae. Female.—Length 2.3 mm. Face a little broader than long to clypeus, weakly but distinctly punctate, subopaque; antennae as long as the body, all flagellar segments elongate; ocell-ocular line about twice the diameter of an ocellus; temples moderately broad, evenly rounded; mesoscutum very minutely punctate, smooth posteriorly; disc of scutellum convex, with weak scattered punctures; propodeum rather gradually declivous, mostly smooth basally and laterally, finely rugulose medially, without a median carina; mesopleura mostly 1Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 58, 1920, p. 500. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 mg polished; metapleura polished anteriorly, opaque posteriorly; abdomen narrower than thorax; plate of first tergite broadening only slightly behind, strongly rounded off at apex, punctate or very weakly rugulose laterally and apically, polished medially toward base; plate of second tergite transverse, narrow on the first suture but broadening strongly directly behind this, finely rugulose, narrowly polished down middle; third tergite a little longer than the second; third and following tergites polished; hypopygium not surpassing apex of last tergite; ovipositor only slightly exserted; posterior coxae smooth; inner spur of posterior tibia longer than the outer and distinctly a little more than half the length of metatarsus; radius of fore wing longer than greatest width of stigma and longer than intercubitus, joining the latter in a rather strong angle. Head and thorax entirely black; palpi pale; abdomen black, yellowish basally on sides and venter, the broad membranous lateral margins at apex of first tergite and base of second yellow; legs testaceous, with all coxae black, and extreme apices of hind femora above, the apical third of posterior tibiae, and the posterior tarsi except at base of metatarsus, blackish or fuscous; tegulae black; wing bases fuscous or blackish; wings hyaline; stigma brown. Male.—Essentially as in the female. Cocoon.—Solitary; very pale yellowish in color. Type locality —Oak Harbor, Ohio. Type.—Cat. No. 41849, U. S. N. M. Host.—? Phlyctaenia tertialis Guen. Described from one female (type) and one male (allotype) reared by W. V. Balduf, July 28 and August 2, 1928, respectively, and labeled “Probably on Phlyctaenia tertialis.” Apanteles oidematophori, new species. Very similar to 4. cacoeciae Riley, differing principally in being considerably larger, in the relatively slightly shorter ovipositor sheaths, and in the more strongly sculptured pro- podeum and second abdominal tergite. It is apparently a solitary parasite, while 4. cacoeciae is gregarious. Female.—Length 3.2 mm. Head strongly transverse, a little narrower than thorax; face broader than long from antennae to clypeus, very slightly convex, nearly smooth, the punctation very weak; antennae a little shorter than the body; ocell-ocular line not more than twice the diameter of an ocellus; temples narrow but not receding directly behind the eyes; thorax stout; mesoscutum, viewed from above, broader than long, closely finely punctate, opaque or subopaque; disc of scutellum a little longer than broad, impunctate, polished, only very slightly convex; lateral faces of scutellum mostly rugulose, the pos- terior polished area transverse and not extending half way to the base; pro- podeum strongly convex at base, rather sharply declivous posteriorly, mostly finely punctato-rugulose, and with a poorly-limited, though distinct, areola medially; mesopleura mostly smooth and shining; metapleura polished an- teriorly, punctate and opaque posteriorly; abdomen as long as thorax, somewhat 120 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 31, NO. 6, JUNE, 1929 narrower, depressed; plate of first abdominal tergite large, practically parallel- sided from spiracles to apex, finely longitudinally rugulose, and with a weak suggestion of a median impression posteriorly; plate of second tergite strongly transverse, its greatest breadth three times its greatest length, broader at apex than at base, the lateral margins oblique; posterior margin somewhat arcuate so that the plate is longest down the middle; surface of second plate mostly finely longitudinally sculptured, most strongly so posteriorly; rather broad membranous margins laterally on apex of first plate and along second; third and following tergites polished; ovipositor sheaths slightly more than half the length of the abdomen; posterior coxae large, somewhat compressed; inner spur of posterior tibia but little longer than outer and slightly less than half the length of the metatarsus; radius longer than intercubitus; metacarpus much longer than stigma. Body entirely black, including sides and venter of abdo- men; tegulae and wing bases black; wings hyaline; stigma brown with a distinct pale spot at base; all coxae black; anterior trochanters yellowish, except on the apical segment below; remainder of anterior legs testaceous except for blackish markings on extreme base of their femora; middle legs blackish, with the apices of their femora within, the basal half of their tibiae, and the four basal segments of their tarsi testaceous; posterior legs black, except for the pale basal third or more of their tibiae. Type locality —Dane County, Wisconsin. Type.—Cat No. 41848, U. S. N. M. Host.—Oidaematophorus kellicottii ¥ ish. Described from two female specimens (type and paratype) reared by E. P. Breakey, May 28, 1928. Actual date of publication, Fuly 18, 1929. VOL. 31 OCTOBER, 1929 No. 7 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON CONTENTS BUSCK, AUGUST—A NEW AEGERIID ON COWPEA FROM BRAZIL (LEPIDOPTERA: ENE GERD AT RL SPR oe A A eh te ae! eh a: eagle eT Ga CLARK, AUSTIN H.—PERIPATUS‘ FROM THE ISLAND OF MONTSERRAT. .. 139 EWING, H. E.—NOTES ON THE LUNG MITES OF PRIMATES (ACARINA: DER- MANYSSIDAE), INCLUDING THE DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES. . . 126 MC ATEE, W. L.—PAPER WASPS (POLISTES) AS PESTS IN BIRD HOUSES. . . 136 MC ATEE, W. L.—THE PLACE OF AUTHORITY IN TAXONOMY. ..... . 138 PARK, ORLANDO—RETICULITERMES TIBIALIS BANKS IN THE CHICAGO AREA. 121 WADLEY, F. M.—OBSERVATIONS ON THE INJURY CAUSED BY TOXOPTERA GRAMINUM ROND (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) ........... 130 PusiisHED MontHiy Except Jury, August AND SEPTEMBER BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. wd ¢ > Rayer ap : (got 228% a on % Type locality —Porto Rico. Type.—Cat. No. 43139, U.S. National Museum. Described from a unique specimen collected by W. A. Hoffman and labelled “Porto Rico,” without any definite locality. This species is allied to guadeloupensis described by Fleutiaux and Sallé, but differs from that species in being subopaque, uni- formly dark bronzy green above, broadly elongate, and not so strongly narrowed posteriorly. EIGHT NEW SPECIES OF SERPHOIDEA (HYMENOPTERA) FROM BRITISH COLUMBIA. By Oscar WHITTAKER. The following species are all described from specimens taken in western British Columbia by the writer, in whose collection, except where stated otherwise, all type material remains. CALLICERATIDAE. CALLICERAS Nees (= Ceraphron Jurine). Calliceras pacifica, new species. Female.—Head and thorax black; abdomen brown, basally yellow; antennae with the scape basally brownish-yellow, apically dark brown; pedicel dark brown, apically paler; flagellum brown becoming darker towards apex, the apical three joints black; legs yellow, apex of front femora dorsally brown; apical 130 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 7, OCT., 1930 joints of tarsi sometimes slightly dusky; wings faintly tinged with brown, tegulae and venation brown, the radius paler. Head transverse, as wide as thorax, one and one-half times as wide as long viewed from above; eyes large, hairy, reaching the occiput which is nearly straight; ocelli in an equilateral triangle, lateral ocelli about as far apart as from the eyes and occiput; vertex and frons sha- greened, the latter with a deep depression in front of anterior ocellus which ex- tends as a deep groove to the clypeus; vertex with a groove extending from just behind the anterior ocellus to the occiput and a shallow depression external to the lateral ocelli; facial depression large and deep, smoother than vertex, very finely and somewhat transversely rugulose. Antennae with scape one-half as long as flagellum; pedicel about one and one-half times as long as joint 3; joints 4-6 equally long but becoming distinctly thicker, two-thirds as long as joint 3; joint 7 slightly longer than joint 6; joints 7-9 each slightly longer and consider- ably thicker than the preceding joint; joint 9 slightly thicker than long; apical joint conic-ovate, twice as long as thick and about as long as joints 3-5 com- bined. Pronotum very short; mesonotum and scutellum shagreened, the former with a distinct median groove; scutellum elongate, frenal grooves punctate, meeting a short distance from the posterior margin of mesonotum. Head and thorax with short, scattered, pale hairs; propodeum with the posterior angles produced; pleurae smooth. Wings with the radius long, curved. Abdomen polished, longer than the thorax, acutely pointed at the apex, the base emarginate and shortly striate; second tergite somewhat more than twice as long as rest of abdomen. Length, 1.2-1.3 mm. Expanse, 2.1-2.3 mm. Described from ten specimens taken at Chilliwack on various dates from April to October, 1926-7. Paratypes sent to U. S. N. M. and Mr. Robert M. Fouts. Variation.—The basal abdominal band varies a little in bright- ness and extent and in one example is absent. APHANOGMUS Thomson. Aphanogmus subapterus, new species. Female.—Head and thorax black; scape and pedicel dull yellow, flagellar joints becoming darker from the base, distal joints dark brown; legs, except coxae, yellow; apical joint of front tarsi dusky; abdomen brownish-black. Head very nearly twice as wide as long, wider than the thorax, front and hind margins straight; eyes large, nearly reaching the occiput; ocelli conspicuous, in a triangle, the lateral ocelli about as far apart as from the eyes and further than this from occiput. Vertex regulose, with a depression before front ocellus; facial depres- sion almost smooth. Antennae subclavate, shorter than the body; scape robust, thickest near base, four times as long as pedicel or about as long as pedicel and joints 3-5 combined; joint 3 slightly longer than pedicel; joints 4 and 5 slightly shorter than pedicel; joints 7 and 8 equal in length to pedicel; joint 9 equal to joint 3, as thick as long; apical joint very nearly twice as long as preceding joint, conic-ovate; basal joints of flagellum basally narrowed, subpedunculate, the apical four joints with a short, distinct, sublateral peduncle. Mesonotum - ay a se - a ea Ee eee ks be ee ec ce PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 7, ocT., 1930 131 longitudinally rugulose; scutellum rugulose, extending to posterior face of pro- podeum, frenum distinct, punctate; scutellum with scattered pale hairs along the side margins. Wings much abbreviated, barely reaching the middle of second tergite. Abdomen highly polished, longer than thorax, basally with short, fine striae and a few pale hairs on the sides, apically acute. Length, 1.15 mm. Described from a single female taken at Chilliwack, 13 Sep- tember, 1927. Aphanogmus canadensis, new species. Male.—Black, antennae and legs piceous, scape apically paler; hind coxae, except dorsally, base of all tibiae and all metatarsi sordid yellow, rest of tarsi dusky brown. Head about one and three-quarters as wide as long viewed from above, slightly wider than the thorax. Eyes large, nearly reaching the occiput, which is feebly emarginate. Ocelli conspicuous, in a triangle, the lateral ocelli further apart than from front ocellus or eyes, much nearer to the occiput. Vertex finely reticulate, depressed before front ocellus; frons more finely sculptured; facial depression smooth, with a broad raised area above the base of man- dibles, extending upwards toward front ocellus, above this a small, slightly raised tubercle. Antennae slightly longer than the entire body; scape obclavate, as long as joints 3 and 4 combined; pedicel subglobular, about one-third as long as joint 3; joints 3-10 elongate, laterally constricted at base, apically obliquely truncate; joints 4-10 subequal, slightly shorter than joint 3 which is about three times as long as thick; apical joint equal to joint 3, cylindrical, conically pointed at tip; all flagellar joints with sparse, long hairs. Pronotum invisible from above. Mesonotum and scutellum with similar, but coarser, sculpture to the vertex; posterior margin of mesonotum slightly emarginate; scutellum longer than mesonotum, reaching posterior face of propodeum; frenal grooves uniting a considerable distance from base of scuttellum. Propodeum with the posterior angles shortly, acutely produced. Wings subhyaline, venation brown, radius almost straight, as long as marginal vein. Abdomen highly polished, shorter than thorax. Length, 0.97 mm. Expanse, 1.8 mm. Described from two specimens taken at Hollvburn, 8 June, 1928, and 3 July, 1929. Paratype sent to Mr. Robert M. Fouts. Aphanogmus obsoletus, new species. Female.—Black; antennae piceous brown, apex of scape paler; legs piceous brown, apex of front femora, front tibiae and extremities of middle and hind tibiae paler; front tarsi pale brown; middle and hind tarsi yellowish-brown, apical joint of all tarsi dusky. Head about one and one-half times as wide as long, slightly wider than the thorax; eyes large, not reaching the occiput, which is almost straight; ocelli conspicuous, in a triangle; lateral ocelli about as far apart as from the occiput and further than this from the eyes. Vertex shagreened; depressed before front ocellus; facial depression almost smooth, with a rounded 132 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 7, OCT., 1930 ridge extending from the base of the mandibles almost entirely across the de- pression. Antennae robust; scape thickest near the base, as long as pedicel and joints 3-5 combined, one-third as long as entire flagellum; pedicel as long as joint 3; joint 3 two and one-half times as long as thick; joints 3-9 subequal in length, gradually becoming thicker, joint 9 only slightly shorter than.joint 3, one and one-half times as long as thick; apical joint two and one half times as long as thick, twice as long as the preceding joint. Thorax one ard one-half times as long as wide; pronotum invisible from above, mesonotum and scutellum with the sculpture slightly finer than that of the vertex; frenum distinct, anterior margin of basal lobes of scutellum concave; pleurae smooth; posterior angles of propodeum not produced. Wings subhyaline, with a very faint brownish band across the disc, venation brown, radius wanting. Abdomen highly polished, somewhat shorter than the thorax. Length, 0.97 mm. Expanse, 1.95 mm. Described from a single specimen taken at Hollyburn, 12 May, 1928. Aphanogmus dorsalis, new species. Female.—Head and thorax black; scape and pedicel pale yellow, flagellum grading from pale yellow to light brown in the last four joints; front coxae black, trochanters yellowish-brown; femora, except apically, brown; tibiae and tarsi pale yellow; middle coxae basally black, trochanters and coxae apically yellow; middle femora brown, the extremities paler; middle tibiae and tarsi pale yellow, the tibiae brownish in the middle; hind coxae, except the extreme base which is black, trochanters and femora pale yellow; hind tibiae brown, the extremities paler; hind tarsi pale yellow, the metatarsi pale brown; abdomen ventrally yel- low, anterior face of second tergite and a large dorsal area, which reaches a little beyond the middle, also yellow, the rest black. Head and thorax smooth; head one and one-half times as wide as long, wider than thorax; eyes large, almost reaching the occiput, which is nearly straight; ocelli conspicuous, in a triangle, the lateral ocelli about as far apart as from the occiput and further than this from the eyes; facial depression smooth and polished. Antennae slender, sub- clavate; scape obclavate, as long as pedicel and joints 3 and 4 combined; pedicel and joints 3-9 equal in length but becoming gradually thicker; joint 9 twice as long as thick; apical joint one and one-half times as long as preceding joint. Thorax about one and two-thirds as long as wide; vertex, mesonotum and scutel- lum with microscopic, reticulate, incised sculpture and scattered pale hairs; scutellum very convex, longer than mesonotum, reaching posterior face of propodeum, with a distinct, punctate frenum and with a long, narrow, smooth field, almost reaching the apex, enclosed by two longitudinal, posteriorly con- vergent carinae; hind angles of propodeum subacute. Wings subhyaline, with a broad, faint, fumose band across the disc, the apex beyord the radius also faintly fumose; costal and marginal nervures brown; radius pale, straight, longer than marginal nervure. Abdomen highly polished, shorter than thorax, base of second tergite without distinct striae. Length, 0.9mm. Expanse, 1.8 mm. —s aerehworsas. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 7, ocr., 1930 133 Described from three specimens from Hollyburn, 18 June and 3 July, 1928. Paratype sent to Mr. Robert M. Fouts. CONOSTIGMUS Dahlbom. Conostigmus pulchellus, new species. Male.—Black; scape basally brownish yellow, becoming darker on the apical half; pedicel and flagellum black; legs yellowish brown; front tarsi and apical joints of middle and hind tarsi dusky brown; wings fumose, with a darker cloud on disc below radius; venation and stigma dark brown. Head, viewed from above, twice as wide as long, very slightly wider than thorax, obliquely narrowed behind the eyes, which are remote from the occiput; occiput separated from vertex by a carina which is adjoined by a row of punctures; ocelli in a triangle, the lateral ocelli about as far apart as from the eyes and more than this distance from the occiput, considerably in front of hind margin of eyes; vertex and frons coarsely rugose; frons with a depression before front ocellus and with a median, vertical groove extending from this depression towards the clypeus; facial de- pression smooth, with a deep central pit. Antennae pubescent, slender, filiform, a little longer than the entire body; scape thicker then flagellum; pedicel short, subglobular; joint 3 the longest, longer than scape, six times as long as thick; joints 4-10 becoming shorter and slightly thinner; joint 10 slightly less than one-half as long as joint 3; apical joint slightly longer than preceding joint. Mesonotum and scutellum alutaceous, the lateral lobes of the former and scutel- lum less conspicuously so; scutellum as long as mesonotum, frenal lines punctate, meeting at anterior margin of scutellum. Propodeum rugcse; pleurae smooth, each with a row of conspicuous punctures. Head and thorax with fairly dense, scattered pale hairs. Wings with the subcostal nervure somewhat swollen before reaching the stigma; stigma twice as long as wide; radius gently curved, one and one-half times as long as stigma. Abdomen elongate-oval, considerably longer than thorax, highly polished, constricted and with a few, longitudinal striae at base; second tergite nearly twice as long as rest of abdomen. Length, 2.9-3.3 mm. Expanse, 4.7-5.6 mm. Described from four specimens taken at Hollyburn, 18 June, 11 July, 1928; 3 and 30 September, 1929. DIAPRIIDA. MONELATA Foerster. Monelata nigra, new species. Female.—Black, polished; antennae with scape, pedicel and proximal flagellar joints reddish brown; flagellar joints becoming darker distally, the apical three or four joints black; legs pale brown, the swollen parts of femora and tibiae dark brown; coxae black; last joint of all tarsi dusky; wings very faintly fumose, venation brown. Head subglobular, viewed from above a little longer than wide; ocelli in an equilateral triangle, much nearer together than to the eyes 134 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 7, OCT,, 1830 and occiput; sides of occiput with brownish, woolly pubescence. Antennae slightly longer than head and thorax combined, two-thirds as long as entire body; scape as long as pedicel and five following joints combined; flagellum two and one-quarter times as long as scape; pedicel as long as joints 3 and 4 combined; joint 3 about as long as two following joints combined; joints 4-9 about as long as thick; joints 10-12 becoming thicker, joint 12 distinctly transverse; apical joint (club) very large, oval, a little more than twice as long as thick, as long as four preceding joints combined. Pronotum short, sides and dorsum, except in the middle, clothed with woolly pubescence; mesonotum with the hind margin feebly convex; scutellum basally broad, narrowed about one-third from base, beyond this with the sides straight and parallel; hind margin straight, posterior angles rounded; propodeum with a distinct, much raised, median carina, the sides clothed with dense woo'ly pubescence; propleurae and mesopleurae smooth; metapleurae hairy; petiole surrounded with dense woolly hairs. Abdomen as long as head and thorax combined; second tergite widest near the hind margin, about one and one-half times as long as wide, the base ventrally hairy; remaining abdominal segments very short. Length, 1.5-1.65 mm. Expanse, 2.8-3.0 mm. Described from twelve specimens taken at Hollyburn on various dates from 9 May to 18 September, 1928-30. Paratypes sent to U.S. N. M., Dr. A. A. Ogloblin and Mr. Robert M. Fouts. ACANOSEMA Kieffer. Acanosema sylvana, new species. Female (Type).—Head, thorax and petiole black; antennae brown, the three or four distal joints blackish; legs brown, base of hind coxae black; abdomen dark brown, wings strongly tinged with brown, venation and tegulae brown. Head smooth and polished; viewed from above about one and one-half times as wide as long, about as wide as thorax; ocelli in a triangle, lateral ocelli separated by slightly less than their distance from the eyes, much further than this from the occiput; occiput, except in the centre, with a ring of pale, tomentose pubescence. Antennae as long as head, thorax and petiole combined, scape terminating in two short, dentate processes, as long as following five joints combined, a little more than four times as long as pedicel; joint 3 one and one-quarter times as long as pedicel, two and one-half times as long as thick; joints 4-14 about equal to pedicel, gradually increasing in thickness; joint 14 as thick as long; apical joint twice as long as preceding joint, nearly twice as long as thick. Thorax smooth and shining; pronotum clothed with dense, pale, tomentose pubescence; mesonotum with deep, percurrent, posteriorly convergent notauli; scutellum with a very deep basal fovea, the sides and apex with long, pale hairs; propodeum with a broad, much raised median carina, having a fine groove down the centre; propleurae and mesopleurae smooth; metapleurae and base of hind coxae hairy. Petiole wider than long, widest in the middle, without striae, anterior margin straight, much narrowed posteriorly. Wings with first abscissa of radius very short, perpendicular to the marginal nervure which is three and one-half times PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 7, ocT., 1930 135 as long as first abscissa of radius; second abscissa of radius, cubitus, discoidal, median and brachial nervures present as fuscous streaks; second abscissa of radius very long, enclosing an elongate area more than twice as long as marginal nervure; cubitus straight, directed towards the basal nervure, the extreme apex deflected towards the discoidal nervure. Abdomen highly polished, elongate- oval, apically acute, including petiole one and one-third times as long as head and thorax combined; second tergite one and one-half times as long as wide, about one and three-quarters times as long as remaining segments combined; sides and ventral surface of propodeum, petiole and base of second tergite, except narrowly in the centre of dorsum, with long, pale, woolly hairs. Length, 4.5 mm. (including ovipositor 5.6 mm.). Expanse, 7.0 mm. Male (Allotype).—Antennae with the scape and pedicel light brown, the flagellum very dark brown, slender, longer than head, thorax and petiole com- bined; scape twice as long as joint 3; pedicel subglobular; joint 3 excised on basal half, two and one-half times as long as pedicel and slightly longer than joint 4; joints 4-13 gradually shorter; joint 13 about half as long as joint 3 and about one and one-half times as long as thick; apical joint about as long as joint 3. Petiole nearly one and one-half times as long as wide, smooth, the sides convex, constricted at base, without distinct striations. Abdomen elongate-oval, in- cluding petiole as long as head and thorax combined; second tergite about one and one-half times as long as wide; following segments to the sixth successively shorter. In other characters agrees with the female. The proportions of the petiole vary to some extent, some examples having it nearly as wide as long. The color varies slightly in depth and one specimen has the petiole dark brown like the abdomen. The second abscissa of the radius sometimes fails to quite reach the costal margin of the forewing. Length, 3.0-4.2 mm. Expanse, 6.0-8.0 mm. Described from a single female taken on 27 August, 1930, and twelve males on various dates from 5 July to 2 October, 1928-9; all from Hollyburn. Paratypes sent to U.S. N. M., Dr. A. A. Ogloblin and Mr. Robert M. Fouts. EPIBLEMA STRENUANA WALK., THE HOST OF CERTAIN PARASITES OF THE ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH, LASPEYRESIA MOLESTA BUSCK (LEPIDOPTERA). By H. W. Aten anp Eart Lott, U.S. Bureau of Entomology, Moorestown, N. 7. One of the interesting new developments in the study of the parasites of the oriental fruit moth is the discovery that a com- mon and widely distributed borer (Epiblema strenuana Walk.), the larvae of which occur in the stems of ragweed (4mbébrosia artemisiaefolia), serves as an alternate host for several of the more important parasites of the oriental fruit moth. 136 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 7, OCT., 1930 The parasites of the oriental fruit moth which have been reared from Epiblema strenuana are Macrocentrus ancylivora Roh., M. delicatus Cress., Glypta rufiscutellaris Cress., Pristom- erus ocellatus Cush., and Cremastus minor Cush. In New Jersey, the first three mentioned are the most important parasites of the larvae of the oriental fruit moth, and are also among the more abundant parasites of E. strenuana. The identity of the parasites reared from E. strenuana was established by Mr. R. A. Cushman from adults reared from field-collected larvae, and was corroborated in the case of two of the species, namely, M. ancylivora and G. rufiscutellaris, by the observation of mating of individuals of one sex reared from the oriental fruit moth with individuals of the opposite sex reared from E. strenuana. The host was determined by Mr. Carl Heinrich. In a total of 284 borers reared from the stems of Ambrosia collected near Moorestown, N. J., between August 13 and September 3, last, 10 per cent were parasitized by M. ancylivora, 23 per cent by M. delicatus, 18 per cent by G. rufiscutellaris, and 5 per cent by P. oce/latus. Only 17 per cent of the host adults emerged, the combined parasitism being 83 per cent. From several collections of the same brood of EF. strenuana obtained from points in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana, no M. ancylivora was reared. However, numerous G. rufiscutellaris and M. delicatus were reared from the three States mentioned, and P. ocellatus from Pennsylvania and Ohio. The host, E. strenuana, is very widely distributed in the United States westward to the Rocky Mountains. Like the oriental fruit moth, it belongs to the Eucosminae, and its larvae bore in the stems of the host plant as do the larvae of the earlier generations of the oriental fruit moth. It occurs in great abundance over thousands of acres of grain stubble, weedy crops, and field and roadside borders which are overgrown with ragweed in middle to late summer. F. strenuana apparently serves as a very important reservoir for parasites of the oriental fruit moth at certain periods of the year when the larger propor- tion of the larvae of this host are embedded in fruit and hence not accessible to attack by its larval parasites. Actual date of publication, November 22, 1930 ee a ae pata ew « VOL. 32 NOVEMBER, 1930 No. 8 OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL S OF WASHINGTON CONTENTS ALLARD, H. A.—THE OCCURRENCE OF THE CRICKETS ANAXIPHA PULICARIA BURM. AND CYCLOPTILUM TRIGONIPALPUM (RHEN AND HEBARD) IN THE VICINITY OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, HITHERTO UNREPORTED HERE. 144 FELT, E. P.—THE NORWAY MAPLE NEPTICULA (LEPIDOPTERA) .... . 146 LY FISHER, W. S.—A NEW SPECIES OF CHRYSOBOTHRIS INFESTING STRAW- BERRY PLANTS (COLEOPTERA: BUPRESTIDAE) ........... 149 L’ WELD, LEWIS H.—NOTES ON TYPES (HYMENOPTERA: CYNIPIDAE) .. . 137 PusLisHED MonrHiy Except Jury, AuGust AND SEPTEMBER BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. 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Reprints without covers will be fur- nished at the following rates, provided a statement of the number desired accompanies the manuscript: 4 pp. 8 pp. 12 pp. 16 pp. 50 copies 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 100 copies 225 4.50 6.75 9.00 Certain charges are made for illustrations and there are available rules and suggestions governing the make-up of articles. Immediate publication in any number may be obtained at the author’s expense. All manuscripts should be sent to the Editor. ee eee PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL Society oF WASHINGTON VOLE. 32 NOVEMBER, 1930 No. 8 NOTES ON TYPES (HYMENOPTERA : CYNIPIDAE). By Lewis H. We tp, East Falls Church, Virginia. During the two decades or more that Professor J. J. Kieffer worked on the Cynipidae it appears that he never visited the leading entomological museums of Europe to study types but depended mainly on the literature for his understanding of the existing genera. This dependence on the literature alone led to a misunderstanding of some of the Ashmead genera. It led him into error also in the case of some of the genera established by Europeans so that in creating some 55 new genera himself he has made some synonyms especially in cases where the older authors had placed their genera in the wrong subfamilies. No student of the Cynipidae hitherto has attempted to locate and study the types of the genotype species. Recently the writer visited three of the European museums with this as a definite object and it seems desirable to place on record some of the information and conclusions which resulted from this incom- plete preliminary study. PARAMBLYNOTUS Cameron. Allocynips Kieffer, 1914 Phil. Jour. Sci. D9: 185. Synonymy new. Cameron placed his genus Paramblynotus in the Figitinae but the holotype female of the genotype species, punctulatus, in the British Museum has not the characteristic segmentation of the abdomen of a Figitid, tergite five and not tergite three being the largest and it is preceded by three (instead of one) shorter, non-liguliform tergites. The genus should be transferred to the Liopterinae. Allocynips borneensis Weld is a synonym of it and should be known as Paramblynotus punctulatus Cameron. (Synonymy new.) llocynips ruficeps Kieffer, the genotype of Allocynips, is a synonym of Paramblynotus ruficollis Cameron. (Synonymy new.) All the other described species of 4//ocynips should be transferred to Cameron’s genus and known as: Param- blynotus clarus (Weld); P. dyak (Weld); P. malayensis (Weld); P. isosceles (Weld); and P. flaviceps (Kieffer). (Combinations new.) The male which Cameron received later and subsequently described as the male of his punctu/atus seems to me to be errone- ously associated and to be an undescribed species. 138 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 PSEUDIBALIA Kieffer. One of the characters given for this genus is that the meta- tarsus of the hind leg is prolonged “au cété interne” into a blunt spur reaching the end of the second segment. The holotype female of the genotype species, fasciatipennis, in the British Museum has this spur on the ow/er side as it is in [ba/ia and not on the inner as described by Kieffer. The petiole is described as 3-4 times as long as broad but measured by a micrometer it is barely three times as long as broad when viewed from above. The relative lengths of the tergites along the dorsal curvature are as (petiole) 17 (width 534) :6:9:23:9:7:9. Height of abdomen 33 and width 23. As both Pseudibalia Kieffer and Paribalia Weld have the tarsal spur on the outer side the latter genus may be distinguished by having a short petiole (not longer than broad) and having the fifth tergite (instead of the fourth) largest. NERALSIA Cameron. Xyalosema D T & K. 1910 Das Tierreich Lief. 24 : 94. Synonymy new. Neralsia was based on N. rufipes from Guatemala and was described (1883, Biol. Cent.-Amer. Hym. 1:74, Pl. 4, fig. 9) as having a closed radial cell Steed Cameron’s figure shows it open) and thought to be intermediate between the Anachari- tinae and Figitinae. Das Tierreich put it in the Aspicerinae. The type in the British Museum is one of the Figitinae. The abdomen is longer than head plus thorax, the second tergite striate at the base, not liguliform, shorter than the third. The wing is normally pubescent and ciliate and the radial cell is open on the margin. The eyes are sparsely hairy and not bare as stated. Solenaspis Ashmead 1887, preoccupied by Osten Sacken in Diptera in 1881 and renamed by Dalla Torre and Kieffer in 1910, is congeneric with this and the name X yalosema should become a synonym of Nera/sia in the Figitinae. Solen- aspis singularis Ashmead is a Xyalophora (Comb. new). To the genus Nera/sia should be transferred the following species: Neralsia armata (Say) (Diplolepis) 1836 Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 266. Gomb: n Neralsia hyalinipennis (Aah ined) (Solenaspis) Geneeues 1887 Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 14: 155. Comb. n. = dubiosa Kieffer (Xyalosema) 1910 Boll. Laboro. Zool. Portici 4 : 338. Syn. n. Neralsia ciliatinervis Kieffer (Xyalosema) 1910 Boll. Laboro. Zool. Portici 4 : 339. Comb. n. Neralsia evanescens Kieffer (Xyalosema) 1907 Ent. Ztschr. Stuttearte 2-457. “Comb: i. ele - ; ; . z 3 ; 4 ‘ : i PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 139 ANACHAROIDES Cameron. Coelonychia Kieffer, 1910 Wiss. Erg. Deutch. Zent.-Afr. Exp. 1907-8, 3 (2) : 19. Synonymy new. Cameron’s genus was based on Anacharoides striaticeps (Rec. Albany Mus. 1: 160, 1904) from Cape Colony and placed in the Anacharitinae. The type is in the British Museum and it be- longs in the Aspicerinae for the second tergite is liguliform, the wings bare and the veins very pale. The type of Coelonychia spinosipes in the Berlin museum is congeneric with this. Therefore Kieffer’s Coelonychia, correctly placed in the Aspi- cerinae, becomes a synonym of Anacharoides Cameron. BOTHROCHACIS Cameron. Stirencoela Cameron, 1910 Entomologist 43 : 180. Synonymy new. Ditrupaspis Kieffer, 1910 Wiss. Erg. Deutch. Zent.-Afr. Exp. 1907-8, 3 (2) : 18, Synonymy new. Cameron’s Bothrochacis was founded on two males of Bothro- chacis erythropoda from Cape Colony. Six years later he founded the genus Stirencoela on a male of Stirencoela striaticollis, also from Cape Colony. The types of both are in the British Museum and they seem to me to be not only congeneric but the same species (Synonymy new.) The type of Ditrupaspis semirufa Kieffer from N. Nyassa preserved in the Berlin museum is congeneric with the above. Hence I conclude that both Stiren- coela and Ditrupaspis should become synonyms of Bothrochacis Cameron. ANDRICUS Hartig. Oncaspis Dettmer, 1925 Natuurhist. Maandb. Maastricht 14 : 123. Euschmitzia Dettmer, 1925 Natuurhist. Maandb. Maastricht 14: 122. Syno- nymy new. Type material of Oncaspis filigranata, the genotype species, seen in Berlin in 1929, runs to 4udricus and Professor Dettmer wrote me in April, 1927, that he had discovered that it is “almost certainly the long sought for sexual generation of Andricus soli- tarius (Fonsc.) and not a new genus.” In 1928, he published a description of the gall and his evidence that it is the sexual genera- tion of Andricus solitarius (Konsc.) in Marcellia 24: 142. His Euschmitzia rara, the genotype, was thought to be a guest-fly in a Rhodites gall but as his description was not that of an inquiline his attention was called to the possibility of error and under date of May 1, 1929, he writes me that this species is the sexual generation of Andricus nudus Adl, and requests that I 140 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 publish it. Thus both of his new genera become synonyms of Anaricus. CALLIRHYTIS Forster. In the original description of the genotype, Callirhytis hartigi Forster, it 1s not stated whether or not the tarsal claws are toothed. Mayr in 1902 considered them as simple and Ashmead in his key to genera in 1903 reversed Mayr’s interpretation by putting species with simple claws in dzdricus (whose genotype has toothed claws) and those with the claws toothed in Ca/- lirhytis, thus causing a confusion which has persisted to the present day. Das Tierreich has followed Mayr’s interpretation but its authors seem to be unacquainted with the genotype species. The museum in Vienna has two specimens labelled “Aachen, Call. Hartigi, Forster's type. Collect. G. Mayr.” They are males. Without having seen females I venture the guess that this is the sexual generation of a species whose agamic generation will be found to be in “stone galls” inside of acorns. From the above specimens the following notes are made to supplement Forster’s original description: Callirhytis hartigi Forster. Male.—Amber-colored. Head coriaceous, from above transverse, occiput concave, wider than thorax, cheeks not broadened behind eyes. Malar space .17 eye without groove. Flagellum filiform with cylindrical segments, the first curved and enlarged distally and not quite as long as the second, the last only slightly longer than the penultimate. Mesoscutum with low sharp transverse ridges well separated from each other on a uniformly smooth surface. The parapsidal grooves not very distinct even posteriorly and obsolete in front. Scutellum with transverse groove at base and a suggestion of small narrow pits which open out behind on to disk which is transversely rugose. Mesopleura smooth below, coriaceous across middle, the first and second coxae far separated. Carinae on propodeum straight and parallel. Claws are simple. Wing seems to be normally pubescent and ciliate. First abscissa of radius arcu- ate, second straight. Abdomen shorter than thorax, longer than high, tergites along dorsal curvature as 30:9:1:0: 6. Callirhytis azteca (Cameron). Comb. new. Andricus (Aphilothrix) aztecus Cameron, 1897 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 19260 The holotype female in the British Museum from Sonora, Mexico, proves to be a Callirhytis with hyaline, non-ciliate wings and running to couplet 23 in Section B of my key in Proc. U.S. N. M. 61, Art. 19:11. Itis evidently from a “stone gall” in an acorn. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 141 Callirhytis defecta Kieffer. This American species whose types are in Berlin is also one “ PA aes of the “stone gall” in acorn group and runs to couplet 21 on p. 11 in the above mentioned key. Amphibolips arcuata (Kieffer). Comb. new. Callirhytis arcuata Kieffer 1910 Boll. Laboro. Zool. Portici. 4: 341. Of the three specimens in the Berlin Museum all collected by Klug in Georgia and all labelled as types, and supposedly of Kieffer’s species above, only one agrees with the description. It is the one numbered “8070” and is here transferred to the genus Amphibolips. The number 8037 is a Callirhytis and 8022 is a Disholcas pis. HOLOCYNIPS Kieffer. This genus was founded by Kieffer on a single captured speci- men from Georgia described as Holocynips emarginata and the genus has hitherto remained unrecognized in our fauna by American students. A study of the holotype in the Berlin Museum shows that the first three species in the writer’s key to the root gall forming species of Ca/lirhytis in Proc. U.S. N. M. 59 : 213 (1921) ‘are congeneric and should be transferred to this genus. Moreover, corallosa Weld (1921) proves to be the same species as emarginata Kieffer (1910). As this had been suspected, a paratype of corallosa had been taken along to Berlin and the above conclusion is the result of a direct comparison. But corallosa had previously been shown to be a synonym of 4m- phibolips badius Bassett (1922, Proc. U. S. N. M. 61, Art. 18 : 17). Thus recognizing the validity of Kieffer’s genus the names of its three species are: Holocynips badia (Bassett). Comb. new. Amphibolips badius Bassett (= Callirhytis corallosa Weld). Synonymy published. Holocynips emarginata Kieffer, 1910 Boll. Laboro. Zool. Portici 4: 114. Syno- nymy new. A further note on the biology of the species is here added. An adult was taken ovipositing in the buds at the summit of a thrifty shoot of Quercus alba L. at East Falls Church, Va., on April 13, 1924. The alternating generation is unknown. One was captured on the roof of the Education Building 125 feet above the sidewalk and a mile from any oak trees in Albany, Ne Yom April's; 1927. 142 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 Holocynips hartmani (Weld). Comb. new Holocynips maxima (Weld). Comb. new. A fly of this species was taken ovipositing in the buds of Quercus alba L. at Washington, D. C., on March 27, 1921; another was taken April 15, 1924, and two more on April 20. At East Falls Church, Va., one was taken ovipositing in buds of white oak on April 18, 1927, and others on April 6, 13, 19, 20, 1928. The alternating generation is unknown. One was cap- tured on the roof of the Education Building in Albany, N. Y on April 20, 1927. LIODORA Forster. Forster’s types of Liodora sulcata, the genotype species, were studied, two specimens in Berlin and four in Vienna. They do not seem to me to be congeneric with the sexual generation of Diplolepis folii (L.) and it is my present opinion that Das Tierreich has been in error in including Liodora in Diplolepis and that it would be better to maintain it as separate genus. Through the kindness of Dr. F. Maidl the U. S. National Museum has been able to acquire one of the Vienna specimens in exchange and from this the following notes have been made to supplement Forster’s original description. Liodora suleata Forster. Female.—Head from above transverse, as broad as thorax, not broadened behind eyes, occiput slightly concave. Malar space .4 eye without groove. Antennae 14-segmented, relative lengths as (scape) 15 (6) : 8 (6) : 15 (5): 13: 11: 10:9:9:9:8: 8:8: 8 (6): 11. Pronotum “narrow,” pubescent on sides. Mesoscutum as broad as long, smooth and shining with a few scattered hairs anteriorly, parapsidal grooves deep, smooth, percurrent, separation at hind margin about three times the width of a groove. No median. Anterior and lateral lines scarcely visible. Scutellum rugose, pubescent, distinctly over- hanging metanotum behind, with two deep, smooth, elliptical pits at base sepa- rated by a distinct septum. Mesopleura smooth and shining with a few scat- tered hairs below. Propodeum with two almost straight and parallel carinae enclosing a transverse smooth bare area with no median. ‘Tarsal claws with a distinct tooth. Wing normally pubescent and ciliate, radial cell about four times as long as broad, first abscissa of radius arcuate and one-fifth as long as the second which is straight. Areolet small, reaching one-ninth and the cubitus about three-fourths way to basal. Abdomen sessile, the short rugose neck of propodeum not reaching as far back as the tip of the scutellum; length to height to width as 65: 55:44. Lengths of tergites along dorsal curvature as 50: 12 (rest hidden), the second with usual pubescent patches at base and hind margin in side view a straight line at angle of 45 degrees to longitudinal axis. Sheaths at same angle, the tips projecting slightly dorsally behind second tergite. Ven- ent: ee ee ee ee eee Al acct at eT cle te ——————— PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 143 tral spine in side view directed amost horizontally backward, slender, four times as long as broad at base, a few hairs on ventral surface of hypopygium but scarcely any on spine. Using the width of the head as a base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.3, length of antenna 2.27, length of wing 4.0. Length of body 2.1 mm. PANTELIELLA Kieffer. Through the courtesy of Dr. F. Maidl of the Vienna Museum the U. S. National Museum was given a portion of the type gall cluster of Panteliella fedtschenkoi (Riibsaamen), genotype species, on leaf of Phlomis tuberosa L. from “Bijou-Onlar, Krim.” After relaxing the galls I was able to cut out two adults from which the following notes are made to supplement the original description. Panteliella fedtschenkoi (Riibsaamen). Female.—Brown, the head and abdomen lighter, legs yellowish. Head from above transverse, wider than thorax, occiput slightly concave; from in front broader than high, interocular area 1.5 times as broad as high, malar space .6 eye without groove. Antennae 14-segmented, relative lengths of segments (in balsam mount) as (scape) 21 (14) : 24 (14) : 24 (11) : 24: 24: 23 G5) 22k: 21: 20: 20 (15) : 20: 20: 20: 30 (13). Pronotum “broad” in the median line as in the 4y/ax group. Mesoscutum under magnification of 75 coriaceous, aciculate behind, without distinct parapsidal grooves (their position however and that of a median is faintly indicated in the sculpture). Scutellum finely rugose with two distinct smooth pits at base separated by a septum from which fine ridges spread out fanwise on to disk. Mesopleura aciculate. Tarsal claws in balsam mount simple (not “weakly toothed”’). Wing normally pubes- cent, first abscissa of radius heavy, straight, about one-sixth length of second which is straight also. Abdomen higher than long, relative lengths of tergites along dorsal curvature as 30: 8: 4: 3: 2: 6, second occupying .68 length of abdomen. Ventral spine in side view about twice as long as broad. Using the width of the head as a base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.0, length of antenna 2.0, length of wing 3.1. Length of body 1.15 mm. Synergus filicornis Cameron. Synergus furnessana Weld, 1913, Insecut. Insc. Menst. 1: 134, Pl. 4, figs. 8-13. Synonymy new. The Cameron holotype female from Guatemala in the British Museum has the mesopleura all black. Except on this one point the description of my furnessana from Mexico agreed with it. I recalled however that there was some variation in color in the type material of furnessana and on my return I found among the paratypes a female with black mesopleura. This was sent to London where through the kindness of Dr. James Waterston and Mr. R. B. Benson a direct comparison 144 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 was made with the Cameron type. “Furnessana is apparently the same as filicornis. Neither of us can see anything to dis- tinguish them. The color is exactly similar.”” Hence I con- clude that I have redescribed Cameron’s species under the name of furnessana which should now go into synonymy. Information is desired as to the location of the types of any of the following Kieffer species of Cynipidae: Callirhytts marianti (meunieri); Holocynips nigra (1916 from Philippines, not 1910); Lambertonia abnormis; Liebelia cavarae; Lytoxysta brevipalpis; Parandricus mairet; Poncyia ferruginea; Salpictes rufiventris, Tavaresia carinatus; and Tylosema nigerrimus. THE OCCURRENCE OF THE CRICKETS ANAXIPHA PULI- CARIA BURM. AND CYCLOPTILUM TRIGONIPALPUM (RHEN AND HEBARD) IN THE VICINITY OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, HITHERTO UNREPORTED HERE. By H. A. Atiarp, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Anaxipha pulicaria Burm. For a number of years I have made field observations on a tiny cricket occurring in the deep ground debris of cold, wet swampy bogs around Clarendon and Barcroft, Virginia. This tiny cricket appears very early in May and usually becomes silent before July 1. Its stridulation is a continuous weak nemobious-like trill. The crickets are very difficult to capture and the small amount of material examined by Mr. A. N. Caudell of the U. S. National Museum and myself was tenta- tively pronounced a physiological form of 4naxipha exigua. A discussion of this cricket was made in my paper, “Physiological Differentiation in Overwintering Individuals of Certain Musical Orthoptera,” The Canadian Entomologist, LX1, September, 1929, 195-198. In 1929 further observations were made in a bog near Bar- croft, Virginia, and additional material obtained. On the sug- gestion of Mr. B. B. Fulton that our material was perhaps identical with a cricket he had been studying in central North Carolina in similar habitats, and known as Anaxipha pulicaria Burmeister, careful comparisons of this additional material were made by Mr. Caudell with 4naxipha exigua. This examination has led to a separation from Anaxipha exigua material on the basis of several characters. In both sexes all exzgua material shows a more or less well-marked dark PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 145 longitudinal stripe along the lower half of the outer face of the hind femora. This stripe may vary in intensity, sometimes being very faint, but it is never absent. Likewise in exigua material the ovipositor is fully % as long as the hind femora. All material from the deep ground debris of the cold, wet bogs around Clarendon, and Barcroft, Virginia, consistently lacks this longitudinal dark stripe on the hind femora, and the ovipositor is distinctly less than % as long as the hind femora. The color and morphological differences, together with its restricted bog habitat, its occurrence in the adult form many weeks before the adults of 4. exigua, and the distinctiveness of its trill in comparison with the notes of 4. exigua, make it fairly certain that the cricket is the more southern species Anaxipha pulicaria. This cricket has heretofore not been reported farther north than Raleigh, North Carolina, its range extending southward into Florida, Texas, Mexico and Jamaica. With the final separation of these crickets from 4. exigua and their identification as Anaxipha pulicaria, we have added to the Orthopteran fauna of the District of Columbia a cricket hitherto unknown in this region. Cycloptilum trigonipalpum (Rhen & Hebard). Near sundown on the evening of June 30, 1930, while reading, I heard a few shrill ringing sounds which finally attracted my attention asinsect music. Later in the evening I again heard the same chirping sounds, and with a flash light traced them to the kitchen. The “singer” was finally located in a strawberry basket filled with currant stems and unripe currants—the debris remaining from fruit recently picked in the garden. The tiny cricket was finally captured and kept in a screened jar in my bedroom for the night. Occasionally I heard its leisurely jumping tree cricket (Orocharis saltator) in pitch, but of finer quality and less trilling tone. This cricket was identified by Caudell as Cycloptilum trigont- palpum Rehn & Hebard, being the first record of this southern species for the vicinity of the District of Columbia. The northern-most reported occurrence is Petersburg, Virginia, south of Richmond. No other individuals have been seen or heard since this solitary individual appeared at Lyon Park, Virginia. While it is possible that this individual may have been in- advertently transported by some motor carrier or other agency from points farther southward, where it is of general occurrence, there is quite as good reason to infer that all the localities of its northern-most distribution have not yet been determined. 146 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 In this connection it may be said that in the case of the little southern cricket Anaxipha pulicaria, its occurrence around Washington, D. C., which at the present time seems to be its northern-most limit, i is likewise extremely variable and irregular. As a matter of fact, slightly favorable or unfavorable conditions near the limits of the range of a creature, may determine its presence or absence in a locality. THE NORWAY MAPLE NEPTICULA (LEPIDOPTERA). By E. Po Retr, Director and Chief Entomologist, Bartlett Tree Research Laboratories, Stamford, Conn. This European insect, Nepticula sericopeza Zeller, determined by August Busck of the U. S. National Museum, first came under observation in America, June, 1928, through the persistent dropping of large numbers of Norway maple leaves.: An examination of these leaves showed that at the very lower part of the leaf stem for a distance of about half an inch, there was a somewhat characteristic, variable, sooty black discolame tion and at a point almost exactly half an inch from the base of the leaf stem there was a minute, white, elevated, oval object suggestive of a fungus fruiting body and presumably consisting of dried sap which had exuded from the point of oviposition. The interior of the leaf stem from this point nearly to the very base was traversed by a very minute channel or mine about three-eights of an inch long, and some at that time contained a nearly transparent, very slender larva about a sixteenth of an inch long and with a diameter of approximately one-fiftieth of an inch. The caterpillar has a light brown, semi-transparent head with strongly supporting chitinous rods and margins. The body segments are smooth, whitish, transparent and the pos- terior segment somewhat produced along the middle line and with sub-lateral, oblique, chitinous rods or spines and also a \Nepticula sericopeza Zelier, discovered by Dr. Felt in eastern United States and presumably a recent introduction from Europe, may be distinguished among the nearly three hundred described species of the genus by its coloration: Head reddish yellow; collar whitish; eyecape ochreous white; forewings blackish brown with base, an outwardly curved fascia before the middle and opposite costal and dorsal spots at apical third, white; underside of the forewing of the male with a large deep black sexscaling on basal half, containing a striking yellowish white, spoolshaped oblique spot. The genitalia of both sexes, typical of the genus, also present excellent specific characters. Aucust Busck. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 147 sub-median, chitinous structure terminating in two curved rods. The dropping of leaves continued till well toward the end of June and an examination of selected branches from a Norway maple some 60 feet high showed a somewhat general infestation throughout the tree, there being at that time approximately 10 per cent of the leaves infested. The earlier dropping was probably considerably in excess of this 10 per cent and it is believed that 25 per cent represents the minimum defoliation by the insect on the tree under observation. Attempts to rear the adult from these leaf stems and also from sod under the trees proved futile. Subsequent observations indicate that the insect is probably unable to complete its transformations in the leaf stems and that this habit is abnormal and occurs only when there are no seeds available for oviposition. The identification was made by collecting moths in June, 1929, and establishing them in cages on Norway maple. They produced the character- istic injury to the leaf stem and the correctness of this observa- tion was confirmed by rearing large numbers from infested seeds or keys in 1930. There was a heavy crop of Norway maple seeds in portions of the northeastern United States in 1930 and in mid-June large numbers of these dropped from the trees. An examination showed the same type of injury as had been observed in 1928 and 1929, on the leaf stems. These proved to be inhabited by a very similar larva to that observed two years earlier, except that it was larger. Infested seeds, when green, are easily recognized by the sooty discoloration, indicating galleries which usually start at one point, and upon breaking the seeds apart, there are usually burrows along the suture partly filled with somewhat characteristic reddish orange borings. Recently infest- ed seeds generally have the minute white spot, presumably dried sap, as in the case of leaf stalks. The identity of the earlier found moths was confirmed by rearing from infested seeds. It is noteworthy that a very large proportion of the earlier dropping larger seeds, namely nearly 99 per cent, were infested, while of the smaller seeds falling at the same time, less than 14 per cent were infested. Moths were observed in greater or less numbers throughout July and into August, though none were found in September, indicating that possibly the dry weather the latter part of the year had caused the seeds to harden to such an extent as to make them unacceptable for oviposition. There were certainly two and possibly three generations. Tutt in British Lepidoptera (Vol. 1, page 344-45, 1899) states that the species is double or probably continuously brooded, adults appearing in April-May from hibernating larvae, again in June— July and a third in August. The moister climate of England might easily make possible another generation than occurs in 148 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 this country. They were also taken in the Stamford area from late May until into August. The small, dusky, white-marked moths are a trifle over an eighth of an inch long when in the characteristic resting position. They have two somewhat indistinct silvery or whitish trans- verse bands and are most easily recognized by the fact that they are usually the more abundant small moths resting in the crevices of the bark of Norway maples. They remain quiet during most of the day, and when disturbed readily jump into the open mouth of a vial placed over them. They appear to be somewhat local, since the spraying of even one tree gives a very considerable freedom from infestation. The moths occur not only commonly on the rougher portion of the trunk, but also throughout the tree to some extent and on the leaves and fruit in mid-summer. Larva. The full grown larva occurring in the seeds is three- sixteenths of an inch long, moderately stout, mostly pale yellow- ish green, shaded by the brown contents of the alimentary canal. The head is about three-fourths the width of the body segment and with well-developed jaws. Dorsally the head case has two sublateral tapering processes posteriorly, the sub- median margins thickened, the median sub-oval area membran- eous. Ventrally there is a median chitinous rod, very suggestive of the breast bone of the gall midge larva. At the posterior ex- tremity, there is a chitinous frame consisting of several lateral rods, united by a central approximately circular structure. The larva moves rather readily and in this stage has a series of rudi- mentary true or prolegs, all apparently membraneous. Cocoon. The freshly made, pale orange yellow, oval cocoons have a major diameter of about three-sixteenths of an inch. The cocoons are flattened, the edges merging smoothly with the surface upon which it rests. There is usually a somewhat dis- tinctly colored margin between the outer edge of the cocoon and the pupal case within. The older cocoons change in color gradually from a pale orange to a variable yellowish or whitish orange. There were found on one tree a few remnants of what appeared to be much older cocoons than any which could have been produced by the spring generation of larvae. These weathered to harmonize rather closely with the normal, some- what variegated bark surface of the tree. The cocoons are spun commonly upon the bark, sometimes upon the seeds and even upon the leaves and may occur more or less throughout the tree. The insect hibernates in the cocoon. This habit makes a relatively wide distribution with nursery stock entirely probable and possible. Distribution. The occurrence of this insect is most easily determined by examining the early fallen seeds. There is usually the minute white spot as on the leaf stems and the galleries a Ang 0 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 149 contain somewhat characteristic reddish orange borings or castings. It is easy by this means to secure records of a hitherto unsuspected wide distribution. Infested seeds were seen or received from the following localities: New Hampshire: Portsmouth. Massachusetts: Amherst, Ipswich, Lenox, Martha’s Vineyard Island, South Hadley and Vineyard Haven. Rhode Island: Barrington and Warwick. Connecticut: Bethel, Bridgeport, Danbury, Fairfield, Greenwich, Hamden, Hartford, New Canaan, New Haven, Noroton, Norwalk, Ridgefield, Stamford, Thompson and Westport. New York: Albany, Amawalk, Amenia, Bedford, Bronxville, Chatham, Croton Falls, Glen Cove, Haverstraw, Katonah, Lake George, New Hamburg, Mount Vernon, North Salem, Nyack, Pauling, Peekskill, Riverhead, Scarsdale, Syra- cuse, Tarrytown, Westbury, White Plains and Yonkers. New Jersey: Plainfield and Red Bank. Pennsylvania: Downington, near Philadelphia. We have yet to learn of the occurrence of this insect west of Syracuse, although it was looked for in several places, including Cleveland, Ohio. This is possibly due to the infestation having been distributed from some eastern center. Seeds of other maples, especially the sugar maple and sycamore maple, were repeatedly examined without finding any evidence of the insect. The wintering of this insect in cocoons upon the trees makes it very probable that a dormant oil application would practically eliminate the infestation. Applications in late May with a spray consisting of half pint of nicotine, 3 pounds of soap and two quarts of molasses to 40 gallons of water, gave a very promising degree of control. It killed adults and very probably prevented the issuance of moths from the cocoons. A dormant spray is probably more satisfactory. A NEW SPECIES OF CHRYSOBOTHRIS INFESTING STRAW- BERRY PLANTS (COLEOPTERA : BUPRESTIDAE). By W. S. Fisuer, Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture. Chrysobothris fragariae, new species. Chrysobothris sp. Riley, Insect Life, vol. 5, 1892, pp. 17-18. Chrysobothris pubescens Fall, U. S. Dept. Agric., Official Record, vol. 8, No. 24, 1929, p. 3 (misidentification). Male.—Broadly elongate, subdepressed, moderately shining, uniformly dark brown, with a more or less distinct greenish bronze or coppery bronze tinge in certain lights, the elytra without or with only vaguely indicated longitudinal costae and greenish spots. 150 — PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 Head feebly convex, with the front rather broad and the sides obliquely nar- rowed to the vertex; occiput broad and longitudinally carinate; vertex and front flat, without impressions or carinae; surface rather densely, irregularly punctate, the punctures variable in size and well! separated, sparsely clothed with long, very fine, semi-erect, cinereous hairs; intervals smooth; eyes large, narrow, moderately convex, equally rounded at bottom and top, and separated from each other on the occiput by about the same distance as between the antennal cavities; epistoma broadly, rather deeply, angularly emarginate in front, the lobe on each side broadly rounded; antenna extending to middle of pronotum, gradually narrowed toward apex, sparsely clothed with moderately long hairs, joints compact, transverse, and the third joint only slightly longer than the fourth. Pronotum strongly transverse, one and three-fourths times as wide as long, widest near middle, and about equal in width at base and apex; sides rounded at apical angles, parallel along middle, and obliquely narrowed behind middle to posterior angles, which are obtuse; anterior margin strongly sinuate, the median lobe moderately produced and broadly rounded; base (visible part) broadly, arcuately emarginate at middle of each elytron, median lobe broadly rounded and subtruncate in front of scutellum; surface slightly uneven but without dis- tinct depressions, rather densely, coarsely punctate, the punctures more or less confluent toward sides, and sparsely clothed with moderately long, erect, incon- spicuous hairs; intervals finely, densely granulose. Scutellum very small, triangular, with the sides about equal in length. Elytra distinctly wider than pronotum at base; sides broadly rounded at humeral angles, nearly parallel to apical third, then arcuately narrowed to the tips, which are conjointly, broadly rounded; lateral margins not distinctly serrate; humeri not prominent; base broadly, arcuately rounded; surface with small, moderately deep, basal depressions, three very vague greenish spots on disk, one in front and two behind, finely, irregularly punctate, the punctures denser on basal half, more or less transversely rugose, and sparsely, irregularly clothed with long, erect, cinereous hairs; intervals obsoletely granulose. Abdomen beneath sparsely, coarsely punctate, sparsely clothed with long, recumbent, cinereous hairs; intervals nearly smooth; first segment convex at middle; last segment with the lateral margins finely serrate, without a submarginal ridge, but deeply, arcuately emarginate at apex. Prosternum with a broadly rounded, strongly declivous, median lobe in front, the surface densely, coarsely punctate, and rather densely clothed with long, fine, cinereous hairs; prosternal process nearly flat, strongly expanded behind the coxal cavities, and with a very large triangular tooth at apex. Femora robust; anterior pair with a large obtuse tooth on inner margin near middle, the exterior margin of tooth vaguely serrate. Anterior tibiae arcuate, with a rounded dilatation at apices; middle and posterior tibiae straight and cylindrical. Female.—Differs from the male in being more robust, eyes more widely sepa- rated from each other on the occiput, antennal joints not quite so compact, last abdominal segment vaguely emarginate at apex, and the anterior tibiae without dilatations at apices. Length, 6.4-8.6 mm.; width, 2.8-4 mm. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOI. 32. NO. 8, NOV., 1930 151 Type locality —Grand Mound, Washington. Other localities —Washington: Easton; White Salmon; Medical Lake. Idaho: Coer d’Alene; Moscow. Type, allotype and paratypes. —Cat. No. 43175, United States National Museum. Paratype.—Collection H. C. Fall. Described from thirteen examples, the type (male), allotype, and four paratypes from the type locality, reared from straw- berry plants during March to July, 1930, by William W. Baker; two paratypes from White Salmon, Washington, reared from strawberry plants during July, 1930, by William W. Baker; two paratypes from Coeur d’Alene, Idaho (Bureau of Ento- mology No. 4765), reared from crowns of Sharpless strawberry plants sent to the Bureau by H. T. Back during 1890 and 1891; one paratype collected at Moscow, Idaho, by J. M. Aldrich; one paratype collected at Easton, Washington, by A. Koebele; one paratype collected at Medical Lake, Washington, July 14, 1920, by R. C. Shannon. This species is closely allied to pubescens Fall, but differs from that species in being more uniformly bronzy brown, dorsal surface more densely punctured, foveae on elytra if present not impressed, and the costae on the elytra only feebly indicated. The specimens examined show considerable variation in size, and in some of the examples the green spots and longitudinal costae are vaguely indicated, whereas in others these are not indicated. The specimens from the type locality are rather constant except in size, but some of the examples from the other localities show considerable variation from the type. In some examples the tips of the elytra are separately rounded, the sides of the pronotum slightly variable in shape, and in some of the females the sides of the elytra are slightly expanded behind the middle. This species has been misidentified as pubescens and is probably confused in some collections under that name, but a specimen was sent to H. C. Fall, who has kindly compared it with his type and in a letter writes as follows: “It is not my pubescens and does not seem to be like anything else in my collection.” It was first reported as boring into the crowns of Sharpless strawberry plants by H. T. Back, from Coeur d’Alene, Idaho, on September 1, 1890, and during that and the following year a considerable number of infested plants were sent to the Bureau of Entomology at Washington for rearing. In the Bureau file under number 4765 are the notes on this material made by L. O. Howard and Theo. Pergande, and these notes show that adults were reared as well as a lepidopteron, a tachinid, an anthomyiid, several small muscids, and a number of braconids, some of which were probably parasitic on the Chrysobothris larvae. Riley (1892) published a short note on this species from the above material. In the National Museum collection was an old speci- 152 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 8, NOV., 1930 men from Moscow, Idaho, labeled under the manuscript name — fragariae by E. A. Schwarz, and this name has been retained for the species. Recently the species has been reported as damaging strawberry plants in Washington, and adults have been submitted for identification by William W. Baker. From all the records available it seems that this species is restricted in its larval habits to strawberry, but it probably also infests some closely allied wild plant. Actual date of publication, December 19, 1930 VOL. 32 DECEMBER, 1930 No. 9 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY CONTENTS AOA rg 0, t DEGANT, F.—TWO NEW SPECIES OF PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA (BRACORTDAB)..__ ‘ FROM OHIO 163 — DRAKE, CARL J.—CONCERNING SOME TINGITIDAE FROM THE PHILIPPINES (GEMIPRERA)-“WITHNEW SPECIES, . 4... = = « %<.u Spr lOO KLYVER, F. D.—EUPHYLLURA ARCTOSTAPHYLI SCHWARZ AND EUPHYLLURA NEVEIPENNIS (SCHWARZ) (HOMOPTERA: CHERMIDAE), A DIFFER- PNCESUNGINTERPRETATION |. 5.4. jc afl: Sled sa) eee SS MCGREGOR, E. A.—A NEW SPINNING MITE ATTACKING ASPARAGUS PLUMOSUS NEKO RD ACen, © rere A eke A Ce 2 eee ea Pus.isHED MontHiy Excepr Jury, AuGust AND SEPTEMBER BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON OrcanizeD Marcu 12, 1884. The regular meetings of the Society are held in the National Museum on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 Pp. M. Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the PRocEEDINGSs and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1929. Honorary Preside. tA ils eu ots See L. O. HOWARD [PFOSEAETIES WO BY coh See I eg < ae ee Oe A. C. BAKER Second \Vsce-P eee =e jc 5 eae eee eee F. C. BISHOPP IRELOVAIRE SELYELANY | x 3) ee Ae Po pee J. S. WADE Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer ..........-. S. A. ROHWER U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. DBEGRTOP Vote. 5a. fos, Aldo vorla «kad sas ee, eta “Gere ae W. R. WALTON Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C. Executive Committee: THE Orricers and C. T. Greene, A. N. Caube_t, T. E. Snyper. Representing the Society as Vice-President of the Washington Academy of SCLENCES A) K God pacers wae Od. See eae A. G. BOVING PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. Published monthly, except July, August and September, by the Society at Washington, D. C. 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PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON VODs 32 DECEMBER, 1930 No. 9 EUPHYLLURA ARCTOSTAPHYLI SCHWARZ AND EUPHYL- LURA NEVEIPENNIS (SCHWARZ) (HOMOPTERA: CHER- MIDAE). A DIFFERENCE IN INTERPRETATION. By F. D. Ktiyver, San Mateo Funior College, San Mateo, California. The genus Euphyllura is represented in North America by four known species. One of these, E. arduti Schwarz, occurs on madrone, Arbutus menziesii Pursh. apparently throughout the range of its host (1, 2,4, 8). Another species, E. arbuticola Crawford, which is very closely related to the first named species, occurs on Arbutus arizonica Sargent in Arizona. Available re- cords (1, 2, 8) indicate that it likewise is found ubiquitously with its host. A third species, E. arctostaphyli Schwarz, has been frequently taken from Arctostaphylos pungens H. B. K. (1, 8) and from various other species of manzanita (2) chiefly in California but also as far northward as Washington and eastward in Wyoming (1), Colorado and Arizona (1, 2, 8). The fourth representative of the genus, FE. meveipennis (Schwarz) has hitherto been considered a variety of FE. arctostaphyli Schwarz (1, 2, 8). However, it differs significantly from this species in many important characters and should, for the rea- sons stated below, be considered as a separate species. Follow- ing the original description of F. arctostaphyli, Schwarz (8) says with reference to this supposed variety, ““a remarkable variety occurs in California which may be readily mistaken for a differ- ent species and which, for this reason, deserves especial mention and a distinct varietal name.” Contrary to this opinion, the danger apparently lies not in mistaking it for a different species, but in failure to recognize it as being of specific rank. This is evident from an interpretation and diagnosis by the methods here described. SPECIMENS. Numerous specimens of F. arctostaphyli Schwarz, including both adults and nymphs, are at hand for study from Placer- ville, Eldorado County, Tesla, Alameda County, Clark’s Can- yon, San Mateo County, Black Mountain, Stanford University, 154 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 Santa Clara County, Mount Hamilton, Santa Clara County, Pine Ridge, Fresno County, Coalinga, Fresno County, General Grant National Park, Tulare County, and Julian, San Diego County, all of which are California localities. Adult speci- mens of E. neveipennis (Schwarz) are available from “Deer Creek Inn,” Placerville-Lake Tahoe road, Eldorado County, and from West Point, Calaveras County. METHODS. The general method employed in the study of the Chermidae has been fully described elsewhere (3, 4, 5, 6, 7). In the study of the adults it consists of making several different kinds of mounts. Where the material is limited all available speci- mens are cleared in caustic potash, dehydrated in 95% alcohol, stained in magenta, cleared in carbol-xylene, and mounted in balsam on slides, the wings being merely cleared in carbol- xylene and then mounted in balsam under a separate cover- glass, together with the head, on the same slide with the rest of the body. When the material is more abundant separate mounts of entire specimens are made in dry cells on ordinary slides. In these cells the specimen is oriented in various ways to best expose the lateral, dorsal, or ventral aspects as may be desired and is then fixed in position with white shellac. Also, where long series of specimens are at hand, mounts of cor- responding structures from different specimens, the fore wings for instance, are mounted separately for variational studies. The essential purpose to be served by whatever technique is employed is the preparation of the specimen for complete and exhaustive study. In certain cases where it seems advis- able, this means preparation for study with the greatest magni- fications obtainable with the compound microscope. An instance of this kind is found below in the comparative study which was made of the wing membranes of the two species here under consideration. EUPHYLLURA Forster. The three species of this genus before me agree in all particu- lars save one with the generic characters as given by Crawford (1). This one exception pertains to the antennae. Craw- ford describes the antennae as being short and “thick.” Pro- portionate to the size of the insect in each case of the species represented in my collection, the antennae are about as long as the width of the head and are, therefore, properly considered comparatively short. On the other hand, the first and second antennal segments of each of the species here considered are relatively thick (about .1 mm. and .08 mm. respectively in E. arctostaphyli, for instance), and all the other antennal segments " —— oe PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 155 are comparatively very small in diameter (about .02 mm.) as compared with a total length of the antennae of .8-.9 mm. in the same species. DESCRIPTION OF PRINCIPAL DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS. Euphyllura arctostaphyli Schwarz. Length to tip of folded wing 3.2-3.7 mm., length of fore wing 2.0-2.6 mm., length of body mounted on slide 3.3-3.7 mm., width of fore wing .9-1.2 mm., width of head .8-1.0 mm., length of antennae .8-.9 mm. General color through- out reddish brown with lighter markings on the head, thorax, and fore wings, the latter frequently being present as transverse bands (Plate 9, figs 6 and 7). Characters of the genus well developed. Head slightly broader than thorax, strongly deflexed, irregularly wrinkled or corrugated, sometimes very strongly so (Plate 9, fig. 2), pubescent with many small setae uniformly distributed over the general surface; genae about a third as long as vertex, rectangular in shape, forming a uniformly smooth surface with and scarcely separable from the vertex; antennae ten-segmented, slender, as long as or very slightly shorter than width of head, the first and second seg- ments more than three times the diameter of the other segments, segments 4, 6, 8, and 9 having moderately conspicuous sensoria. Thorax strongly arched, the general surface covered with numerous closely set, rounded, and variously shaped, small chitinized plates, pubescent with small setae distributed over the entire surface. Legs comparatively stout, the femur of the hind and middle pair of legs having a double or single row of setae and three sensoria each on the mesal side, the femur of the anterior pair having a less well defined row of such setae and but a single sensorium; the posterior tibia without a spur at the base, with seven or eight small black teeth at the apex, and two small black claws on the posterior tarsus. Fore wings slightly more than twice as long as broad, rhomboidal, coriaceous in texture, opaque, and variable in color (Plate 9, figs 6, 7, and 9), the membrane being covered with small ovulate chitinized plates of considerable thickness, each one of which apparently has at its apex a very minute seta set in a relatively large and con- spicuous socket, the general surface of the membrane bearing sparsely distributed and relatively large setae, the venation as illustrated by Crawford (1) and by Schwarz (8), the veins beset biseriately with relatively large setae and generally obscured by the chitinization. Hind wings relatively large, fumate, with the venation as illustrated (Plate 9, fig. 8), the veins being a darker brown than the membrane and rather thick at the proximal end but becoming obscure apically, the membrane delicately membraneous in the apical region, the anterio-proximal margin bearing a row of stout setae, the basal vein (R-M-Cu) and about half of the radius bearing setae, the wing membrane beset with numerous minute points. Abdomen with the tergites and sternites equally and moderately to strongly chitinized, the tergites bearing a singly row of hair-like setae along the posterior margin, the sternites having several rows of such setae located chiefly toward the posterior margin. Male genitalia relatively large, the proctiger or anal valve distinctly longer than the claspers, elongate-oval in lateral aspect, the 156 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 anterior portion heavily chitinized, the posterior margin membraneous and frequently shrunken or completely collapsed in dried or mounted specimens; _ the claspers wide at the base, abruptly constricting in the proximal third, then gradually widening to become roundly spatulate in the distal half, the outer surface bearing a number of fine sparsely scattered setae, the inner face covered with numerous very closely set short, stout, downwardly pointing setae (Plate 9, figs. 13 and 14). Female genital segment (Plate 9, fig. 11) about two-thirds of the length of the rest of the abdomen, heavily chitinized, the dorsal valve con- spicuously longer than the ventral valve, the dorsal valve bearing scattered posteriorly pointing setae over the general surface, and on the apical third bear- ing many short, stout dorsally, anteriorly, and ventrally pointing setae, the apex bluntly rounded; ventral valve sharply pointed apically, with scattered setae over the general surface, the setae being more numerous and crowded toward the apex. Euphyllura neveipennis (Schwarz). Length to tip of folded wing 4.0-4.1 mm., length of fore wing 3.1-3.4 mm., length of body mounted on slide 4.1-4.5 mm., width of fore wing 1.5-1.6 mm., width of head 1.1-1.3 mm., length of antennae 1.1-1.3 mm. General color very light brown with pinkish, reddish, and light to deep chocolate brown markings, vertex and genae cream-white, the margins of the head, the eyes, the first two and the last antennal segments dark brown, the thorax with four conspicuous and constant dorsal and longitudinal chocolate brown strips, the wings white with very small blood-red marginal spots, abdomen light reddish brown color with the genital segments generally darker. The characters of the genus well developed. Head slightly wider than width of thorax, strongly deflexed, the general sur- face covered by weakly chitinized plates (Plate 9, fig. 4), pubescent with small setae uniformly distributed over the entire surface but becoming larger toward the ends of the genae, the genae about one half as long as the vertex with which they form a uniformly smooth surface and from which they are, therefore, scarcely separable, the ends of the genae broadly rounded and slightly bulging laterad; antennae ten-segmented, slender, as long as width of head, the first and second antennal segments more than three times the diameter of the other seg- ments, segments 4, 6, 8, and 9 having moderately conspicuous sensoria. Thorax strongly arched, the general surface covered with numerous variously shaped strongly chitinized and closely set plates, pubescent with small setae scattered over the general surface. Legs rather stout, the femur of the hind and middle pair of legs with a double or triple row of setae and three sensoria on the mesal side, the front pair of legs without setae in such definite rows and with but a single sensorium; base of posterior tibia without a spur, apex of the posterior tibia with nine or ten small black teeth, the posterior tarsus with two small black claws. Fore wings slightly more than twice as long as broad, rhomboidal but rather broadly rounded at the apex, very slightly coriaceous in texture, semi- transparent and uniformly white except for occasional and irregularly spaced, small blood-red marginal spots, the wing membrane densely pebbled with very small, weakly chitinized plates (Plate 9, fig. 8), venation similar to and not as ee PROC, ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 5, DEC., 1930 157 obscure as that of E. arctostaphyli Schwarz, the veins beset biseriately with small setae, the membrane bearing setae around the entire margin and sparingly on the wing membrane at the proximal end. Hind wing similar to that of E. arctostaphyli Schwarz in size and shape, pure white ‘and very delicately mem- braneous, the venation discernible only toward the proximal end where the veins are feebly developed as ridges, the membrane beset throughout with numerous exceedingly minute points. Abdomen with the plates only moderately chitinized, the tergites with a single row of small setae along the posterior margin, the sternites with similar setae scattered chiefly over their posterior half. Male genitalia large, the proc- tiger distinctly longer than the claspers, elongate-oval in lateral view, the an- terior portion heavily chitinized and the posterior margin membraneous, the claspers peculiarly “‘slipper-shaped” in lateral aspect as illustrated (Plate ¥), figs. 16 and 17), the outer surface bearing relatively few scattered setae, the inner surface being densely beset with setae of two distinct sizes distributed as shown (Plate 9, fig. 17). Female genital segment similar to that of EF. arctosta- phylt Schwarz (Plate 9, fig. 11) except that the dorsal valve is only very slightly longer than the ventral valve, and except for the type and distribution of the setae, those of this species all being of the same type and being densely and uniformly distributed over the entire genital segment, becoming more densely crowded toward the apex. TAXONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS. Schwarz (8) and later Crawford (1) have both considered E. neveipennis (Schwarz) a variety of FE. arctostaphyli Schwarz and in so doing have each apparently based their interpreta- tions on the superficial resemblances between these two closely related species. Schwarz has described with painstaking care the color variations found in each of the species and evidently considers the color pattern as being of some importance. He has also noted some differences in the general appearance of the fore wing venation. ‘The sexual characters, on the other hand, are given scant attention by him. Crawford has similarly dealt chiefly with the same characters emphasized by Schwarz, although he notices some differences in the claspers or forceps of the male genitalia, but, as it happened, either he has failed to see them correctly or else he has misinterpreted certain essential characters of the genitalia. Furthermore, Crawford had made no mention of the significant differences between the female genitalia of the two species, and also has made no note of the differences present in other less important characters. The writer has on several occasions (5, 6, 7) stated his opin- ion as to the relative taxonomic value of color pattern and the sexual characters in the Chermidae. In rare and isolated cases only is coloration and color pattern of taxonomic importance. Conversely, in exceedingly rare cases are the sexual characters without great significance. The writer has also called attention 158 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOI.. 32. NO. 9, DEC., 1930 to the importance of wing structure (5, 7) totally aside from the type of wing venation present in individual cases. The principal characters on the basis of which E. neveipennis (Schwarz) is here distinguished as a separate and distinct species instead of a variety of FE. arctostaphyli Schwarz are obvious when revealed by the technique here employed. First in significance and importance are the distinctive differences of both the male and the female genitalia. In the males, the claspers differ both in form and in the type of setae present and in the distribution of the setae, these setae entirely covering the inner face of the clasper in both species instead of merely forming a “fringe of hairs” as stated by Crawford (1). The genitalia of the females are superficially alike in size and general proportions although the difference in the relative lengths of the dorsal and ventral valves in the two species would ordinarily be considered significant. Aside from this, the dif- ference in the type and distribution of the setae is regarded as very important, E. neveipennis having only one type of setae all of which are directed posteriorly, whereas E. arctosta- phyli has two distinct types of setae, the longer hair-like type merely constituting the general pubescence of the genitalia while the smaller, stouter setae, judging from their form and the di- rections in which they point, are obviously structures of special function, which are possibly of importance in mating. The second most important basis for a separation of these two species is found in the structure of the fore wing and to a less extent the hind wing of each species. In E. neveipennis what has been described by Schwarz (8) and Crawford (1) respectively as a “fine white powder” and a “rather white-pulverulence” is in reality numerous very small colorless chitinized plates scattered densely over the entire wing membrane (Plate 9, fig. 8). Con- trasted with this in the wing of FE. arctostaphyli the fore wing membrane bears numerous much larger chitinized plates of rather unusual structure, (Plate 9, figs.9 and 10). This contrast in structure is very apparent in Figures 8 and 9, these illustra- tions being drawn to exactly the same scale with the camera lucida. Incidentally, the hind wings also differ in important details as stated above. The third most important basis of distinction between these two species is found in the differences in size and relative proportions. This is evident from the measurements recorded above and is equally apparent from comparisons of Figures 1 and 2, and Figure 14 with Figures 16 and 17, all of which are drawn accurately to the same scale. Other noteworthy differences of less significance than those stated above are found in the somewhat different form of the heads (Plate 9, figs. 1 and 3), in the difference in the sculpturing of the heads (Plate 9, figs. 2 and 4), in the differences in the setae on the femurs, in the difference in the number of teeth on i eX ae aX PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 159 the apex of the posterior tibiae, and in the different degree of chitinization of the abdominal plates. LITERATURE CITED. 1. Crawford, D. L. 1914. A Monograph of the Jumping Plant-Lice or Psyllidae of the New World. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 85: 115:-117, illustr. 2. Essig, E. O. 1926. Insects of Western North America, pp. 221-222, illustr. Macmillan. 3. Ferris, G. F. 1928. The Principles of Systematic Entomology, pp. 58-76. Stanford University Press. 4. Ferris, G. F. and Hyatt, Persis. 1923. The Life History of Euphyllura arbuti Schwarz. (Hemiptera: Chermidae.) Can. Ent. 55: 88-92, illustr. 5. Ferris, G. F. and Klyver, F. D. 1930. Report upon a Collection of Chermidae from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Technology. In press. 6. Klyver, F. D. 1930. Notes on the Chermidae. Part I. (Hemiptera: Homoptera.) Can. Ent. 62: 167-175, illustr. 7. Klyver, F.D. 1930. Chermidae from Utah, Nevada, and Arizona, Including Three New Species. Pan-Pacific Entomologist. In press. 8. Schwarz, E. A. 1904. Notes on North American Psyllidae I. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 6: 234-245, illustr. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. (Drawn with camera lucida by the author.) All drawings of the corresponding structures are made to the same scale and are therefore comparable. Euphyllura arctostaphyli Schwarz. 1. Cephalic view of head; 2, rugose surface of genae; 5, hind wing; 6 and 7, fore wings, diagrams illustrating the degree of contrast in wing coloration, shaded area reddish brown, unshaded areas white or nearly white; 9, detail of membrane of fore wing magnified about 500x, brown pigmentation shown by stipple, circles each representing a chitinous scale with a minute setae at its apex; 10, detail of chitinous scales magnified about 1200x; 11, genital segment of female; 12, detail of circum-anal ring of pores; 13, genital segment of male; 14, inner face of clasper showing distribution of setae; 15, seta greatly magnified. E. neveipennis (Schwarz). 3. Cephalic view of head; 4, chitinous plate-like sculpturing of genae; 8, detail of membrane of fore wing magnified about 500x;°16, outer aspect of clasper of male; 17, inner face of clasper; 18, seta greatly magnified. PLATE 9 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32 7, Ay. o ss Se ns pity PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 161 A NEW SPINNING MITE ATTACKING ASPARAGUS PLUMOSUS IN FLORIDA By E. A. McGrecor, Of the Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture. In the course of their duties at the Federal laboratory at Orlando, Florida, Mr. W. W. Yothers and Mr. C. B. Keck observed a mite causing serious damage to the ornamental plant Asparagus plumosus. During the seasons of 1928 and 1929, these entomologists sent to the present writer specimens of the Asparagus mite and a description of the appearance and work of the pest in the field. Critical study has established that the mite is new to science, and its characters are such that it can hardly be placed in any known genus. Consequently the following new genus is created to receive the present new species: DIVARINYCHUS, new genus. This genus is thus far represented by a single species from Florida. Spinning mites with empodial claw very deeply split into two equal, strong, divaricate, sickle-shaped fang-like prongs, each prong bearing dorsally two ex- ceedingly fine hair-like spurs which hardly equal in length that of the prongs. Collar trachea extending downward first as a rather straight narrow tube, then bending at an angle of about 155°, increasing gradually in caliber to form enlarged distal portion. Penis with basilar lobe absent from usual position; with corresponding lobe ventrally opposite usual position of basilar lobe; bear- ing distally a sharp-pointed barb. Type.—Divarinychus floridensis McGregor. Divarinychus floridensis,enew species. Female.—General body color salmon pink, varying to greenish-yellow in cer- tain old individuals; dark colored blotches laterally, probably due to dark mater- ial contained in internal organs; legs and palpi same color as body. Eyes car- mine, directly above coxae II. Body oval, widest across hind margin of ce- phalothorax, in length about 0.41 mm. Body setae conspicuous. “Thumb” of palpus thicker than long, bearing at its tip a “finger”? which is thicker than long, and the base of which is only about one-fourth less thick than that of the “thumb” at tip; the dorsal “finger” or sensilla is at least half again the length of the terminal “finger”; the customary pair of digituli arise from the dorso- distal angle; a short hair arises laterally near the tip of the “thumb,” and a pair of hairs arise dorsally between the dorsal sensilla and the base of the “thumb”; the claw of the penultimate joint reaches to the dorsal “finger.” Legs a trifle shorter than usual, quite hairy; femur 2 1-5 times as long as thick, barely ex- ceeding the tarsus; tibia barely exceeding the patella, which is about one-half again as long as the trochanter: Relative lengths of the joints of foreleg as 162 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 EXPLANATION OF FIGURES. Divarinychus floridensis McGregor. Fig. 1, tarsal appendages in profile; Fig. 2, foreleg viewed laterally; Fig. 3, palpus( @ ) and its appendages, viewed laterally; Fig. 4, tarsal appendages viewed from above; Fig. 5, collar trachea; Fig. 6, penis, viewed laterally. follows: Trochanter, 14; femur, 33; patella, 20; tibia, 22; tarsus, 32. Tip of tarsus (female) with an empodial claw which is split almost to its base into two equal strong, divaricate, sickle-shaped prongs; each of these divisions bears dor- sally two exceedingly fine hair-like spurs which hardly equal in length that of PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 163 the prongs. The usual series of four tenent hairs arise from the onychium at the sides of the empodial claw base. Collar trachea extending downward first as a rather straight narrow tube, then bending backward at an angle of about 155°, increasing gradually in caliber to form the enlarged distal portion. Egg salmon pink, spherical, without markings. Male.—General body color salmon pink; irregular dark blotches laterally. Legs same color as body; front legs longer than other three pairs. Body cuneate- oval, widest across hind margin of cephalothorax, in length about 0.26 mm. Eyes dark carmine. Penis with inner lobe rod-like, about twice as long as shaft; basilar lobe absent from its usual position, but with a corresponding lobe situ- ated ventrally at a point opposite the usual position of the basilar lobe; shaft proximally about three times as thick as inner lobe and tapering distally; hook bent upward at nearly right angles to shaft, and in turn deflected distally to form a sharp-pointed barb. Type slide—Cat. No. 1004, U. S. N. M. The type material is from Longwood, Florida, February 8, 1928, from Asparagus plumosus, collected by C. B. Keck. The same species has been received from the same host from Orlando, Florida. Mr. W. W. Yothers of Orlando has always maintained that this mite is distinct from other red spiders occurring in Florida. Messrs. Yothers and Keck write that, so far as they know, “this species has not been taken on any plant other than Asparagus plumosus, but it probably occurs on many other plants.” The injury to the Asparagus “‘fern’’ occurs chiefly to the more tender growth and young shoots, and where the infestation is heavy the color of the plant is changed from green to whitish. TWO NEW SPECIES OF PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA (BRA- CONIDAE) FROM OHIO. By F. DEGanr. SUBFAMILY ROGADINAE. Rogas granulata, new species. This species can be separated from most of those already described, by its more slender habitus. Its entire body including palpi and legs, except the parts specified below, is granular. The pronotum is also less declivous anteriorly than usual, giving the thorax an appearance quite different from that so character- istic of R. parasiticus Norton, R. terminalis Cresson, and R. abdominalis Cresson. In habitus as well as in having the 4th tergite strongly striated this species resembles R. aciculatus Cresson but is at once distinguished by its dark markings. Female.—Length 4.5 mm.; anterior wing 4 mm. Antennae 47 jointed, the joints all two or more times as long as thick. Head transverse and clothed with scattered hairs; posterior orbits about one-half the transverse diameter of 164 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 the eyes; malar space as long as two-thirds the height of the eyes; eyes elliptical and of medium size; clypeus small, separated from the face, convex, the foramina distinct. Ocelli small, the ocell-ocular line about equal in length to the post- ocellar line and about one-half the length of the ocell-occipital line. The hypostomal carinae sharply defined and much higher than the occipital carina. The face below the antennae for one-half the distance to clypeus transversely striated, the continuity of the striae broken by a short median carina. Prono- tum not declining sharply anteriorly; propleuron obliquely rugose below; meso- notal lobes not prominent, the notauli weakly defined and ending in a finely longitudinally striated area in front of the scutellum; an area below the anterior wings rugose. Propodeum rather long and nearly flat to its apical third where it becomes sharply declivous; median carina distinct. The first four segments of abdomen striate, the median carina ending at apex of the third tergite, all segments beyond the fourth retracted. The second abcissa of radius twice as long as the first; the width of the second cubital cell equal to two-thirds its length; the second abcissa of cubitus, the first transverse cubitus, and the recurrent vein subequal in length; that portion of the first abcissa of discoidal vein between the basal vein and the nervulus one-half the length of nervulus; sub-mediellan cell half as long as the mediellan. Thorax beyond a line drawn from the apex of postscutellum to the posterior edge of the procoxal fossae, the middle and hind coxae, the propodeum except a basal spot on each side, first and second abdomi- nal tergites entirely, basal three-fourths of third tergite, and a plano-convex area across the base of the fourth tergite, reddish testaceous. All trochanters, femora and tibiae at their bases, and proximal four joints of tarsi, slightly paler testaceous; balance of body and legs deep black; wings hyaline, veins and stigma brownish black, the stigma with a pale spot at base. Antennae fusco-testa- ceous. Palpi blackish. Mag.—42 x 102x. Ty pe-locality —Cleveland, Ohio. Type.—Cat. No. 43176, U. S. National Museum. Described from one female taken on cabbage infested with Autographa brassicae, July 14, 1930. SUBFAMILY MACROCENTRINAE, Macrecentrus harrisi, new species. This species in color is somewhat like M. pyraustae Viereck and M. longicornis Provancher but can be separated from both of them by the long ovipositor, the shape of the eyes and the color of the dorsum of abdomen. Female.—Length 4.5 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor 8 mm.; anterior wing 4mm. Head viewed from above transverse; viewed from in front about as broad as high, narrowed below, the vertex raised above the level of eyes. Whole head smooth and shining, the face below antennae with a few weak setigerous punctures. Clypeus convex and clothed with a few long hairs. Eyes ovate. The malar space nearly one half the length of the eyes. Antennae with about 45 joints; the first joint of flagellum one and one-half St cee —ocilie rertlii ie eet Se ee ee PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 165 times as long as the second, about six or seven times as long as thick; apical joints about twice as long as thick. Ocelli small, the distance between the lateral ocelli about equal to the distance from lateral ocellus to median ocellus; ocellocular line one and one half times the postocellar line. Scutum and scutel- lum mostly polished and impunctate; notauli distinct, punctate and ending in a punctate depression at middle of mesoscutum. Scutellar groove shallow, crenulate. Mesopleuron polished, the sternaulus wide and rather weakly punctate. Propodeum rugose, the lateral carinae slightly defined at apex. Metapleuron more coarsely sculptured on posterior half than anteriorly. Hind basitarsus equal to, or greater in length, than the following joints combined. First abdominal tergite with median depression at base, the distance between its spiracles equal to the distance from spiracle to base of tergite. First three tergites aciculate-striate, the following tergites very faintly shagreened. Radial vein arising a little beyond middle of stigma, its first abscissa a little less than half the length of second. Color black. Scape, pedicel, base of mandibles, palpi, legs including all coxae, and the first three sternites of abdomen stramineous; hind tibiae and all tarsi fuscous. Wings hyaline, the veins brownish black; stigma nearly uniformly black but with a small area at base indistinctly paler. Mag.—34 x 102x. Ty pe-locality —Bedford, Ohio. Type.—Cat. No. 43170, U. S. National Museum. Described from two females, type and one paratype, collected by the writer at Bedford, Ohio, June 27, 1930. The species is named for Mr. Joseph Porter Harris of Cleve- land, Ohio, an advocate of this science. Many thanks are due Mr. A. B. Gahan, U. S. Bureau of Ento- mology, for his criticism of the manuscript. CONCERNING SOME TINGITIDAE FROM-THE PHILIPPINES (HEMIPTERA), WITH NEW SPECIES. By Cart J. Drake, Ames, Iowa. This paper contains notes on nine species of Tingitidae from the Philippine Islands, three of which are described below as new. I am indebted to the late Dr. C. F. Baker of the Philippine Islands and to the United States National Museum for the privilege of studying the specimens. Paracopium philippinensis, n. sp. Dark fuscous-brown, the paranota and costal area of elytra brownish testa- ceous with transverse nervelets mostly fuscous-brown. Antennae rather long, moderately stout; segment I slightly thicker and a little longer than II; III slightly swollen towards apex, the short golden hairs closely appressed and not very distinct; IV moderately swollen, clothed with much longer, more slender, 166 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 and much more prominent hairs; proportions, 12: 9: 64: 34. Rostrum extend- ing a little beyond anterior coxae; rostral channel open behind. Bucculae closed in front, more or less brownish testaceous. Head fuscous-brown; poster- ior spines short, yellowish, directed forward, contiguous with head, extended a little beyond posterior margins of eyes; median spine greatly reduced or en- tirely wanting; anterior pair stout, short, conical, directed inwardly, their tips frequently touching. : Pronotum coarsely pitted, strongly swollen, tricarinate; lateral carinae slightly curved, constricted a little behind the humeri; collum very distinct, reticulate, a little lighter in color, slightly emarginate in front. Paranota very narrow, composed of a single row of small areolae. Wings clouded, consider- ably longer than abdomen. Elytra with areas distinctly marked off; costal area moderately wide, uniseriate, the areolae hyaline; subcostal area mostly biseriate, some places triseriate; discoidal area bounded by a prominent costate nervure, the outer margin nearly straight, narrowed at both base and apex with four areolae at widest part; sutural area with areolae considerably clouded with fuscous. Legs very dark fuscous-brown. Length, 3.83 mm.; width, 1.17 mm. Holotype (male) and allotype (female) Island Sibuyan, Philippine Islands, Baker collection, U. S. N. M., Washington, D.C. Paratypes (four specimens), taken with type, in collections of U. S. N. M. and writer. This species is probably most closely allied to P. /ewisi Distant from which it differs in pro- portional lengths of the antennal segments. Serenthia vicinalis Drake. Female, Mt. Maquiling, Luzon, Philippine Islands, Baker collection. Cromerus bakeri, n. sp. Slightly larger than C. ka/shoveni Drake but differing in having shorter anten- nae, slightly less tumid pronotum, very differently formed lateral margins of anterior lobe of pronotum, and distinct lateral carinae on posterior portion of pronotum. Head short, black, with golden scalelike pubescence on the median portion. Posterior spines appressed, directed anteriorly, extending to the middle of eyes. Rostrum extending to intermediate coxae. Antennae moder- ately slender, shortly pilose, ferrugineous brown, the apical and first two seg- ments a little darker; proportions, 12: 9: 56: 35. Body ferrugineous brown, somewhat shiny, clothed with scale-like, golden, decumbent pubescence. Pronotum strongly swollen, very shiny, coarsely pitted, narrowed anteriorly; median carina very prominent, the lateral short, slightly divaricating, extending from tumid elevation to posterior margin. Collum very prominent, strongly raised, jointly raised along the median line with median carina, with a row of rather large cells along the anterior margin. Calli very strongly depressed, black. Pronotum with a large, thick, round, carinalike structure on each side of anterior lobe connecting the lateral margin PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 167 with collum, the carina forming two large opaque cells on each side. Elytra rather dull, a little longer than abdomen, jointly rounded behind; nervures of discoidal area dark fuscous, the areolae opaque; costal area narrow, uniseriate, the areolae a little larger and lighter in color at widest part; subcostal area biseriate; discoidal area narrowed at both base and apex, widest near middle, outer margin slightly curved, areolae not arranged in very regular rows. Wings a little longer than abdomen, smoky. Legs moderately long, dark ferrugineous brown. Length, 4.68 mm.; width, 1.68 mm. Holotype, female, Island Samar, Philippine Islands, collected by C. F. Baker, in writer’s collection. The antero-lateral margin of the pronotum separate this species at once from the known species of Cromerus Distant. Cromerus kalshoveni Drake. Female, Butuan, Mindanao Islands, Philippine Islands, Baker collection. This species has been recorded heretofore only from Kediri, Java, collected by L. Kalshoveni, on Vitex heterophylla Roxb. Cromerus invarius (Walker). Fifty-five specimens, Butuan, Mindanao Island and Island Samar, Philippine Islands, collected by C. F. Baker, U.S. N. M. Up to the present time, this species has been recorded only from the type locality, New Guinea. Mr. W. E. China, who has kindly compared a female of the above series with Walker’s type in the British Museum of Natural History, London, states, “Very closely allied to if not identical with C. invarius Walk. and differing only in slightly smaller size and in rather shorter and more robust fourth antennal segment.”’ As the long series of specimens shows a little variation in size and length of the last antennal segment, it seems advisable to identify the Philippine specimens as invarius. The male genital structures of the species of Cromerus should be studied. C. invarius Walker has a much longer body and also longer antennae than ka/shoveni Drake or the new species described be- low. The fourth antennal segment of izvarius is also consider- ably longer; the scalelike, golden, decumbent pubescence of the antennae is very short and not very conspicuous. Diplocysta nubilia Drake. Singapore, Straits Settlements (six specimens), and Cuernos Mts., Negros, Philippine Islands (one specimen), Baker Col- lection. The Singapore specimens are from the type locality and were probably collected with the type (female). 168 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 32, NO. 9, DEC., 1930 Cysteochila pictus (Distant). Female, Sandakan, Borneo; female, Mt. Maquiling, Luzon, Phillipine Islands, Baker collection. Stephanitis quercus Bergroth. Baguio, Benguer, Philippine Islands (two specimens), Baker collection. Tingis buddleiae, n. sp. Elongate-ovate, brownish testaceous, frequently with whitish exudations on head, pronotum, and to a more limited extent on reticulations, clothed with long, fine, somewhat decumbent hairs, those along the lateral margins of paran- ota and elytra longer, bristly and almost spinelike. Head covered with whitish exudation, adorned with five long erect spines, the anterior pair converging. Rostrum reaching between posterior coxae; intermediate and posterior legs rather widely separated. Bucculae almost contiguous in front. Antennae moderately long, stout, widely separated at base, brownish, beset with long setae; segments I and II considerably swollen, the latter shorter and slenderer; III tapering a little towards apex, two and a half times as long as IV; propor- tions, 7: 5: 34: 14. Legs moderately stout, brown, the tarsi darker. Pronotum brown, closely and rather finely pitted, slightly swollen through disc, tricarinate; each carina composed of one row of very small areolae; lateral carinae converging posteriorly; median carina raised anteriorly, forming a small rooflike hood, the anterior margin almost truncate. Paranota rather broad, slightly reflexed, the outer margin jointly rounded with both anterior and posterior margins, projecting a little anteriorly beyond pronotum, triseriate in front, biseriate at humeri. Elytra broad, slightly narrowed posteriorly; costal area broad, triseriate, the areolae fairly large and arranged in regular rows; subcostal area biseriate, the areolae distinctly smaller; discoidal area finely reticulated, slightly impressed, bounded by a prominent vein, with five or six rows of cells at its widest place, narrowed at both base and apex. Length, 3.51 mm.; width, 1.59 mm. Holotype (male), allotype (female), and one paratype inal Los Banos, Philippine Islands, Baker collection, U. S. M. Paratype, female, Mt. Makling, Luzon, writer’s ieee This species was collected on Buddleia asiatica Lour. Actual date of publication, Fanuary 26, 1931, INDEX TO Acanosema sylvana, n. sp., 134. Achatodes zeae Harris, !ife history of, 169 Acropiesta pulchella, n. sp. 75. Aupricu, J. M., Article by, 25 ALLARD, . Ae ’ Article by, 144. ALLEN, H. W., and Lort, Ear, article by, 135. Amitus arcturus, n. sp., 69 Amphibolips arcuata (Kieffer), species from Callirhytis, 141. Anachroides cameron, Taxonomic note on, 139. Anaxipha pulicaria ‘Burm. ., occurrence near District of Columbia, 144. Andricus, Notes on genotype, synonymy, etc., 139; scutella, n. sp., 29. Anteon ‘flaviscapus, n. sp., 67; hirtifrons, n. sp., 68. Aphanogmus subapterus, n. sp., 130; canaden- Biss) spi.) Los obsoletus, neepey ploie dorsalis, Nn. sp., 132. Aphids, Genera proposed as new in recent years (with bibliography), 1-23. Batpur, W. V., Article by, 25, 169. Barnes, Dr. Wiuram, Obituary, V1 Bethylidae, New species of, 67. Bothrochacis cameron, synonymic and taxo- nomic note on, 159. Bovinc, Apa G., Articles by, 51, 182. Brazil, Lead-cable beetle in, 104 British Columbia, new parasitic hymenoptera from, 67, 129. Buprestidae, new leaf-mining, 177; new West Indian, 125. Butterflies, notes on species local to Wash- ington, D. C., 80. Calliceras concinna, n. sp., 70; boreale, n. sp. 71; pacifica, n. sp., 129. Callirhytis Forst., Taronomic note on; hartigi Forst., description of male; azteca (Camer- on), note on type of, 140; defecta, taxo- nomic note on, 141]. CampBeELL, Roy E., and Duran, article by, 48. Cerotoma trifurcata F6rster, description of larva of, 51. CHITTENDEN, F. H., article by, 48. Chrysobothris fragariae, n. sp., 149. Crark, Austin H., article by, 80. Colpocephalum menoponoides, n. sp., 117; echinatum, n. sp., 118. Conostigmus pulchellus, n. sp., 133. Corron, Ricuarp T., article by, 58. Crampton, G. C., article by, 83. Cromerus bakeri, sp. nov., 166; invarius (Walker), note on, 167; kalshoveni Drake, note on distribution, 167. Cycloptilum trigonipalpum (Rhen & Hebard), note on distribution, 144. Cynipidae, New, 28; notes on types of, 137. DrGant, Frank D., articles by, 65, 163. Diapriidae, new species of, 73. Diphora nearctica, n. sp., 74. Diplolepis capronae, n. sp., 29. Diptera, synonymy of, 25. Disogmus torvus, n. sp., 68. Divarnychus, gen. noy., 161; sp. nov., 161. Drake, Cart J., article by, 165. Duran, Vicror, article by, 48. Epiblema strenuana Walk., as a host of Oriental fruit moth parasites, 135. transfer of Victor, floridensis, VOLUME 932 Euphyllura arctostaphyli Schwarz, redescrip- tion with taxonomic notes, 163; nevei- pennis (Schwarz), redescription with taxonomic notes, 156. Ewine, H. E., article by, 117. Fett, E. P., article by, 146. FIsHER, W. Ge articles by, 125, 149, 177. Gall flies, new, from Arizona, 28. GRANOVSKI, A. A., article by, 61. Holocynips kieffer, notes on genotype; H. badia (Bassett) comb. nov., 141; hartmani (Weld.), comb. nov.; H. maxima (Weld.), comb noy., 142. Hylaeogena alibertiae, n. sp., 180; coelicolor Obenberger, taxonomic note, 182. Ktiyver, F. D., article by, 153. Lagynodes xanthus, n. sp., 72. Laphygma exigua Hiib., egg of, 48. Laspyresia molesta (Busck), parasites of, 135. Lead-cable beetle in Brazil, 104. Leichenum variegatum Kust., larva of (?), 122. Light, effect of, on development of Tenebrio obscurus Fab., 58. Liodora, note on genotype, 142; sulcata F6rst., description of female, 142. Lipeurus volsellus, n. sp., 119. Lott, Eart, joint article by, 135. Macrocentrus pallisteri, n. sp., 65; harrisi, n. sp., 164. Mallophaga, new species of, 117; new species of on white-tailed deer, 76. McAtTee, W. L., article by, 67. McGrecor, E. A., article by, 161. Monelata nigra, n. sp., 133. Negros, sugar cane insects of, 99. Neotrachys hoffmani, n. sp., 128. Nepticula sericopeza Zeller, brief summary of Vevgeew history and biology in America, Neralsia cameron, taxonomic note on, with synonymy, 138. Nomenclature, scientific attitude in relation to, 67. Notaris flavipilosus, n. sp, 48. Oestlundiella gen. nov. (Aphiidae), 61. Pachyschelus frosti, n. sp., 177; pittieri, n. sp., 179; atrifrons Fisher, note on, 180; atro- viridis Fisher, taxonomic notes on, 180. Panteliella kieffer, note on genotype material; P. fedtshenkoi (Riibsaamen), description of female, 143 Paracopium phillipinensis, sp. nov., 165. Ranambly nang cameron, notes on synonymy, 137. Paratelopsilus canadensis, n. sp. 73. Peronaemis elegans, n. sp., 127. Perers, Haro xp S., article by, 76. Phelomerus aberrans (Sharp) Junk, 45; ochro- pygus Pic., Notes on biology and morpho- ology, 38. Phlyctaenia tertialis Cycles and habits of, 31. Prerce, W. Dwicut, articles by, 37, 99. Pissodes strobi Peck, and Pissodes approxima- tus Hopkins, taxonomc characters of mature larvae of, 182. Polycesta insulana, n. sp., 125. Protoplasa fitchii OLS: 5 anatomical details of pupa, 83. (Guen.), 169 170 Pseudibalia kieffer, taxonomic note on, 138. Psiloptera (Lampetis) aurata var. domingoen- sis, n. var., 126 Cie epels AGH Oestlund, new generic name or, 61. Renpe tL, E. J. P., article by, 104. Rogas granulata, sp. nov., 163. St. Georce, R. A., article by, 122. Scelionidae, new species of, 69. Serphidae, new species of, 68. Strawberry, new species of Chrysobothris infesting, 149. Sugar cane, insects of, on Negros, P. I., 99. INDEX Sree filicornis Cameron, taxonomic note, 143. Takauwasui, Ryorcui, article by, 1. Tenebrio obscurus Fab., effect of light on development of, 58. Tingis buddleiae, sp. nov., 168. Trichodectes brachycephalus, n. sp., 120; abnormis, n. sp., 121. Tricholipeurus virginianus, n. sp., 76. Trichosteresis vitripennis, n. sp., 72. We np, Lewis H. article by, 28, 137. Wuittaker, Oscar, article by, 67, 129. Xanthoteras mediocre, n. sp., 30. 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