THE PHYSICAL GEOLOGY OF THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF DUBLIN. BY REV. MAXWELL H. CLOSE, F.G.S., With a Map. {Read February 18th, 1878. ] THE following account of the Physical Geology of the country around Dublin has been drawn ap, principally from the Maps and accompanying explanations (Nos. 102, 112, and 121). pub- lished by the Irish Geological Survey, from papers in the Jour- nal of the Royal Geological Society of Ireland, in the Transac- tions and Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, and from the Journal of the Geological Society of London. For further - information on the subject the reader may have recourse to the memoirs above named, to the late Professor Jukes’ “ Manual of Geology,” to Professor Hull’s “ Physical Geology and Geography of Ireland,” and to Mr. G. H’ Kinahan’s “ Manual of the Geology of Ireland.” ~The immediate vicinity of Dublin is low-lying ground and was formerly called Sean Magh Ealta Edair, ue, The ancient plain of the flocks of Edar. It is part of the Carboniferous - Limestone plain which so largely occupies the central region of Ireland, and which only reaches the coast in a few places, as near Dublin. On the south side of Dublin the older rocks emerge from beneath the Limestone and rise to form the hill country of S. Dublin, Wicklow, and Wexford counties. Northward of Dub- lin Bay there are isolated exposures of the older rocks in the Hill of Howth, the islands of Ireland’s Eye and Lambay, on the ad- joining coast at Portrane, and in the country around Balbriggan. The following are the formations which present themselves within the district now to be described, viz., Cambrian, Lower Silurian, Old Red Sandstone (?), Carboniferous Limestone, Upper Carboniferous Shales (Yoredale), Granite and hens igneous rocks, and Pleistocene Drifts, L 134 | THE Rev, MAXwe.y H. Chose, The accompanying map, drawn by Mr. R. G. Symes, EGS, of ieee the Irish Geological Survey shows the boundaries of the ctintane exposures of the various formations ; it is therefore unnecessary to describe them here. We shall adheres as far as possible, tothe chronological arrangement of our subject. CAMBRIAN (correlative with the Longmynd rocks; “ loane Cambrian” of Sedgwick). Rocks of this formation constitute the whole of the Hill of Howth whose highest point is 563 feet (the low-lying north-western part of the peninsula is covered with Carboniferous Limestone). They occupy also the northern | and western parts of Ireland’s Eye, the island on the north — side of the Howth Peninsula, Jn the southern part of our dis- trict there is a small exposure of them forming the upper part of Carrickgollogan Hill, or Shankill, 912 feet, between the Scalp and the sea. They then emerge on the near side of the town of Bray and extend thence along the coast for about 14 miles.. They then leave the coast but still extend southward as far as the lati- tude..of the town: of Wicklow, that is for a length of sixteen miles altogether, with a mean width of about five miles, and they appear again in the S.E. part of county Wexford. In addition to Shankill, already mentioned, the principal eminences into which they rise near the southern part of our district are Bray-Head, 793 feet, the Little Sugar Loaf, 1,120 feet, the Great Sugar Loaf, 1,659 feet, and the Downs Hill, 1,232 feet. This broken ridge, or line of hills, was called by Sir Roderick Murchison, the backbone of Ireland: As neither the bottom nor the top of the formation is visible, its thickness in this district cannot be ascertained, _ Hill of Howth—The Cambrian Rocks which form the hill part of the peninsula of Howth are generally greenish-grey, some- times green and red, grits and slates, with numerous bands of quartz-rock, often of considerable thickness. A fine section. of the rocks. is displayed in the sea cliffs along the eastward and southern sides of the peninsula, for a leneth of at least three-and- a-half miles. The beds are much contorted and faulted; but it would appear that:they have, in the mass, an E, and W. strike, with a general steep dip to the S. Be Many of the quartzose rocks on the 8S. side, as abe those of the N.E. angle of the peninsula, have a peculiar nodular’ strtie . ture. A great number of trap dykes are to be seen: in the cliff - Proc ee > ~ ie Violen s. fly Light House Ss vi Sir r 2 bd fot Lower Limestone ae | [eo] Granite \ Dep * Foss lecabities ~<@-Clacial Signs Write Les Prarits State Aan uh toa Pelé fhe Feocks uy / a , ne ' * , Boy ET's: Ulm — O¥ieray HEAD . 2G Symes MA FCS Forster & CL ith Dublin. Cealoguead Map of the district around DUBLIN reduced from the Taps of the Zo 1GtCad SUPVEY OF [RELAND. On the Physical Geology of the Neighbourhood of Dublin. 135 sections all the way from Casana Rock, on the E., to a little be- yond Drumleck Point on the §.; most of these are only to be reached in a boat. Some of them, as for instance that at the Bailey lighthouse, are composed of basalt. Notwithstanding cer- tain lithological peculiarities in some of the rocks of Howth Hull, there can be no doubt but that they belong to the same forma- hamia antigua (not very well preserved) was found in them by tion as those of Bray Head, &c., viz, the Cambrian, since Old- near the N.E. point of the Dr. J. Kinahan, at Puck’s Rocks, peninsula, immediately east of the Needle Rocks. th, How ar Piax.—Quartz-rock and Slate ne WEAR Bz LL Z LY pp TZ, Wy =< QS Y Gi, —SS = SS ‘Z TZ 4, Z Gig —==—= q) VALT VLAN LGA A Sh \ 5 . \ \\ .. \ \ NAS “Drawn to scale (8 yards to an inch) by the late Mr. John Kelly. The precipitous sea-side of Bray Head presents for a length of nearly two miles, a fine continuous section of the Bray Head, Allowing for Cambrian Rocks, which here are greenish, reddish, and purplish, grits and slates, with bands of quartz-rock. The beds have a general dip to N.N.W., or N., at from 402 to 70°. eontortions and faults-there must be a thickness of nearly one ‘Several thick bands of mile of the formation exposed here, L 2 136 Te Rev. Maxwewt H. CLOSE, quartz-rock strike across the Head. They give rise to the ridges. and knobs on the top of the hill. Some of them are cut off by a” fault which runs parallel to the shore line, and thus do not appear in the sea-cliff section. One, which is seen on the shore between Periwinkle Rocks and Brandy Hole, and is 50 yards thick, passes across the summit 653 feet and then, by a curious accident, is met at the fault by another very similar one which extends for three quarters of a mile farther to near Kilruddery House. Another prominent band of quartz-rock appears on the shore at half-a-mile N. of the point of Bray Head. It is pierced by one of the railway tunnels. It (that is its visible part) is clear of the fault just mentioned and runs across the summit, 793 feet, the highest point of Bray Head, and thence extends, as it would seem, continuously by Windgate to near Belmont. House, altogether a distance of two ae These bands of quartz-rock are generally conformable with the stratification of the other rocks; but it is interesting and important to observe that they sometimes assert their independence of the stratification in a way that is not easy to explain. Mr. G. H. Kinahan, in his “Manual of the Geology of Ireland,” contends that this is only to be explained by such quartz-rock (which he distinguishes from — quartzite) being intrusive. A faulted dyke of greenstone is seen in the coast section, just on the 8. side of the railway tunnel above mentioned. This is an interesting object, as, with the exception of the dyke on the shore at Greystones, 24 miles farther S., no other igneous dykes have been found in the Cambrian rocks of that neighbour- hood, although they are so numerous at the Hill of Howitt The Little and the Great Sugarloaf are composed of rocks which are lithologically similar to those of Bray Head, but with a ereater proportion of quartz-rock, of which their summits are formed. They appear to be contained inasynclinal basin, through the middle of which the intervening valley of Kilmacanogue has been denuded. No fossils have been detected thereabouts except at the E. side of the Little Sugarloaf, and the W. side of the other, _ Greystones, which is situated on the coast, a little beyond the southern margin of our map, has a good exposure of the Cambrian rocks on the shore. These dip, for the most part, steeply north- — ward, and contain two massive beds of quartz-rock and the ins On the Physical Geology of the Neighbourhood of Dublin, 137 trusive dyke, already mentioned, of coarse crystalline diorite, a _ rare feature in that neighbourhood. Disturbance and Denudation—Owing to the confused condition of the strata the relation between the Cambrians and _ the immediately superincumbent rocks is very obscure; so much so that in this neighbourhood it could not be determined ; but in the country south of the Devil’s Glen, Co. Wicklow, in the hills near Ashford, it is seen that the Cambrians had suffered considerable disturbance and denudation before the overlying strata were laid down unconformably upon them. The actual junction of the two formations can be seen in Pollshone Harbour, north of Cahore Point, and in Bannow Bay, both on the coast of Wexford. The overlying rocks are Lower Silurian, of Llandeilo and of Caradoc age. It seems most probable that the _ disturbance and denudation were contemporaneous with the similar actions which produced the unconformability which is now known to exist between the Tremadoc and the Arenig rocks. LOWER SILURIAN (below of Llandeilo, above of Bala or Caradoc, age, “Upper Cambrian” of Sedgwick).—The rocks of this formation here consist of thin-bedded, black, and grey, some- times greenish, rarely purple, clay slates and fine greenish, and dark grey, grits, with, very rarely, beds of limestone (while purple slates, rare in this formation, are common in the Cambrian, black slates, common in this formation, have not been found in the other). The thickness of the strata in this district is unknown, but it must be many thousand feet; in 8. Wexford it must be 10,000 or 12,000 feet. Around Balbriggan, beyond the northern boundary of the map, there is an exposure of this formation, about 40 square miles in area, the southern extremity of which just comes within the limits of the map. Shenick’s Island, the largest of the Skerries, is composed of beds of this formation dipping 8.S.E., at 40° to 50°, on which lies, at one place, a small thin flake of nearly horizontal beds of conglomerate and sandstone, belonging, if not to the Old Red Sandstone, yet to the base of the Carboniferous formation. The Lower Silurian grits and slates are interstratified with beds of contemporaneous trap, often porphyritic, with layers of trappean ash. Some of the trappean rocks are several hundred feet in thickness, This interesting spot should be visited at low tide, | we 138 Tue Rev. Maxwewu H. Coss, — 1 a - At Portrane there is, on the shore, a small, but very ioLiceaane exposure of this formation. ‘The beds are sometimes much con- torted, but their general dip on the shore is towards. of E, The rocks consist of slates and shales containing graptolites and trilo- bites, with some grits and, more especially, highly fossiliferous beds of limestone; all the fossils being of Bala or Caradoc age. There are also several interstratified beds of trappean ash, evidently con- nected with the contempor aneous felstone porphyry close by on the W. and 8. There is, in some places, a well — SS whose planes dip about 8. 30° E. at 40°. Lanmbay Island is 24 miles off Portrane. Jt is principally composed of felstone porphyny with various small masses of Lower Silurian stratified rock, some probably caught up in the felstone. The slates of some of these yield graptolites. At Kiln Point, on the shore near the 8.E. angle of the Island, there is a mass of thin beds of limestone hich contain Bala fossils; they have thin earthy shales between them. The felstone ine sent veins and strings into the lowest bed of the limestone; but it has not had much altering effect thereon. ‘The geological ee of this island is increased by the occurrence, near its N.W. point, of a remnant sheet of Old Red Sandstone (7) not more than 50 feet thick. This consists of sandstones above, and a conglomerate below. It extends along the 8. side of Broad Bay for a length of nearly one furlong; the beds dipping N. at from 60° to 30°. The base of the conglomerate is well seen; it lies unconformably on the Lower Silurian ash and slates, which, at this place dip 8. at about 50°, and must be now inverted. The N. part of this remnant sheet is cut off by an E. and W. fault. | The black slates which occupy the low south-eastern part of Iveland’s Eye, and which apparently rest unconformably on the Cambrian rocks, most probably belong to this formation. At afew miles southward of Dublin, the Lower Silurian sets in as the surface formation; it extends thence to Waterford Harbour, except that it is biomes by the Cambrian and granitic exposures. The rocks of this Lower Silurian area within the district aan which we are now concerned, are unfossiliferous ; but in Wicklow, at Slieveroe, near Rathdrum, and in the Co. Wexford: they have : yielded various fossils of Bala or Caradoc type. The small ex- posure of this formation at the Chair of Kildare, twenty-four miles On the Physical Geology of the Neighbourhood of Dublin. 139 W. by S. from Dublin, has afforded fossils of the same type. The great probability is that much of the unfossiliferous portion of the formation is of the same age as the fossiliferous, though the lower part of it may be, as some of it certainly is, of Llandeilo age. The general strike of the beds, throughout the area now in ques- tion, is N.N.E. and §.8.W.; this obtains on both sides of the, granite exposure, the longest axis of which has nearly the same direction. All along the Sage of the granite, i se ssp: are changed into mica slate. , ) ‘Besides the contemporaneous felstone of Portrane and that BE Peale, already mentioned, there are some sheets of. felstone porphyry near Bohernabreena, which are most probably contem- poraneous ; being interbedded with the Lower Silurian strata. There are also masses of basalt and dolerite at Ballynascorney, which are probably intrusive ; though rudely conforming to the strike of the slates; &. These two places are at the mouth of the interesting valley of Glennasmole, three or four miles 8. of Tallaght. We may here mention that, in Wicklow and Wexford, of the long ranges of igneous rocks, whose trend corresponds gene- rally with the strike of the Lower Silurian strata, the felstones are usually contemporaneous, the others principally intrusive. GranitE.—As we are following chronological order, we must now turn our attention to the granite, before proceeding to the next sedimentary formation. The granitic exposure of this neighbourhood, which is the largest continuous one in the British Islands, extends from Kingstown, on the north, to near New Ross,in Wexford, on the south, a distance of nearly seventy miles. - It has a width of from seven to seventeen miles, It must extend northward from Kingstown, beneath the sea, into Dublin Bay, and probably faauher still, as we find the small island Rockabill, five: - miles: off Skerries, and just outside the northern boundary of the map, to be composed of granite of the same type. But of course the Rockabill granite, though evidently belonging to the same mass, may not belong to the same surface exposure thereof; as is the case with the Carnsore granite at the 8.E. point of the Co. Wexford. There are some small isolated granite protrusions in the Co. Wicklow, which differ importantly, as to composition, from that with which we are now concerned ; these, pas ss are outside of our present subject. a The age of the granite of the main mass is determinable ie 140. © ° Tam Rev, Maxwetn H. Crosr, within, what may be called, comparatively narrow limits. The | facts that the granite has been intruded into the Lower Silurian © rocks, and that the slates of that formation have been meta- — morphosed all along the border of the granite into mica schist, evidently by the action of the granite, show that the intrusion of | the granite was later than the formation of those rocks. On the — other hand, the facts that, in the Co. Kilkenny, the Old Red Sandstone reposes undisturbedly on the granite and has not been altered thereby, and that its beds sometimes contain a quantity — of granitic pebbles and detritus, show that the protrusion of the granite took place before the deposition of those rocks. | - The main granite exposure includes the principal mass, with the highest summits, of the 5. Dublin, Wicklow, and Wexford hills; while the Silurian rocks form lower ground on each side, with some subordinate hills. This, in connexion with the fact that the general strike of the Lower Silurian rocks is very nearly parallel with the length of the granite exposure, on each side, might, at first sight, give rise to the idea that the granite, while being forced into the Silurian strata, had broken through them, upheaving them and throwing them off on either side, so as to make them dip away in both directions. But what evidence there is on the point bears against this supposition. The granite has nowhere brought up the underlying Cambrian rocks on its flanks ; nor has it thus brought up the lower of the Silurian rocks. Itis true that the metamorphosed Silurian slates, close along the sides of the granite, usually dip away therefrom, on each side; but notwithstanding this, the Silurian strata on the western side of the granite, though evidently much folded and contorted, seem nevertheless to dip, as a whole, towards the granite ; so that the higher beds come against it; and it would appear that in the Co. Wexford, also, on the eastern side, they are the upper beds which border the granite (although it is not so, northward of that, in the Co. Wicklow.) Again there are patches of altered Silurian slates lying on some of the highest — parts of the granite hills, including the very summit of Lugna- culliagh itself, 3,039 feet, the aeliet point of all. | It is just at the ee part of the granite, where it has escaped denudation, that we find the schist still lying upon it; while on the other — hand, it is just where the valley of the Slaney cuts across the range of the granite hills, and the denudation has been greatest, On the Physical Geology of the Neighbourhood of Dublin. 141 that we find the width of the granite exposure to be greatest. All these facts point to the conclusion that the granite protrusion may not have broken through the thick mass of Silurian strata, and that it was brought to the surface by the subsequent denudation, which has wrought parts of it into low ground as about Kingstown, Carlow, St. Mullins, &e. , The granite, as already observed, has nslaneaeanes the Lower Silasian slates, all along the line of its contact with them, into regular mica schist ; the alisied ion extends from the surface of the granite through a thickness of several hundred feet and dies away gradually. The grit bands in the slates are, as might have been expected, but little changed. The width of the metamorphosed rock, as measured on the surface of the ground, is greater on the east, than on the west side of the granite ; which seems to indicate that the bounding surface of the granite descends less steeply beneath the slates on its east, than on its west, side. There seems to be some connection between this fact and that already alluded to, viz., that the small outbursts of granite are on the east and that there are none in the Silurian on the west side of the main granite exposure. The contact of the granite aii the Silurian rocks is strikingly exhibited on the fierce of Killiney Bay, at the base of Killiney Hill. Itis there seen that the granite has irregularly penetrated the Silurian slates and sent off veins into them; it has also caught up what are clearly separated masses of the slate rock, converting all into mica schist and developing therein stellate crystals of chiastolite. Not far off, on the south side of Roches- town Hill, N. and N.W. of Killiney Park, ‘the granite has forced several narrow tongues into the slates, nearly along the direction of the bedding (see the plan of this in the Geological Survey “ Explanations,” 112, p. 35). The Rathmichael relief tank of the Dublin waterworks, on the northern hip of Shankill, was excavated directly on the boundary line of the two formations. The boundary was dis- tinct; but not so mutch sd as at Killiney; and there was a peculiar lumpy, lenticular-nodular structure common to the rocks on each side of tlhe boundary; the greatest extension of the flake Jumps being parallel to the surface of separation. At the south- ward end of oy Scalp—a remarkable physical feature to be men- 142. Pte Rev. MAxwein B.OnasE; oo 1 a tioned again—the mica slate can be seen in close proximity to the granite; crystals of chiastolite are to be found in it there also. The contact. is seen in some places on the west side also of the granite, but only imper peek and not unde giniecr in- teresting circumstances. — It has been suggested that some of the granite of the main mass may have been produced by extreme metamorphism from - the rocks in which it is contained ; but the similarity of its com- position in different places, as far as.is known, seems to throw'a very great difficulty in the way of this hypothesis. No doubt, as the granite has acted upon the Silurian rocks with which it has" come in contact, these rocks must, in. some way or other, have reacted upon the still tractable materials of- the unsolidified granite. Probably it is to such reaction that the interesting phenomenon to be seen on the §. slope of Rochestown Hill (a locality already mentioned) is due. In a quarry there, just N. of the garden wall of Killiney Park, it may be observed that the crystals of black mica in the granite are arranged in layers par- allel to the bounding surface between the granite and the slates, This is visible for a distance of ten or twelve feet from the boun- dary, which is very abrupt and definite. The chemical and mineral composition of this granite has bean elaborately investigated by the Rev. Dr. Haughton, r.Rs. For the full results of his analyses and the discussion thereon, the reader is referred to Dr. Haughton’s Paper in the Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., London, vol. xii., 1856; and to the joint Paper, by Professor Jukes and hiinsel in iné Trans. Royal Ivish Aci- demy, vol. xxill., 1858, : The analyses ew comparatively slight differences in the pro- portions of the constituents of the rock in different localities The following table gives the mean chemical composition of specimens obtained from eleven generally widely pie places : — aie Silica, eae Peay PVs IBS bts Alumina, .. ° ° +. (14:31,. 7 a Peroxide of Iron, © x . e | 89 Sa Lime, e r » , 1-63 mh 84 Me eae Magnesia, + ° te 2 . 0.35 Potash, « e . a) i) ry 51h . ' Soda, * . Byles § ° ° 24 D2 2 ak Loss by ignition, cake OOM ate” PIGS. eit pet 100-65 On the Physical Geology of the Neighbourhood of Dublin. 148 The mineral constituents are (1) Quartz, (2) Orthoclase fel- spar in distinct crystals, (3) Albite felspar (an paste), (4) White mica (Margarodite), (5) Black mica (Lepidomelane). -The quartz, orthoclase, and white mica, are always present in distinct grains; the black mica is not always, but frequently, present along with the white, and in smaller proportion. The ortho- clase crystals are sometimes large, making the rock porphyritic. The felspar paste contains much more soda than the ortho- clase crystals, This suggested the idea to Sir Robert Kane, Dr. Haughton, and others, that the paste might be partly com- posed of some other felspar besides orthoclase. None such, however, had been seen in this granite, until Dr. W. H. Stacpoole Westropp detected what seemed to him to be some small crystals of albite in some granite from the neighbourhood of Kingstown. These proved to be really albite on being analysed by Dr. Haugh- ton. Since then, Professor Hull has, be means of the microscope, observed in the paste of this granite, besides orthoclase, a triclinic felspar, which is doubtless albite. (In the Mourne granite the albite, as well as the orthoclase, can be distinguished in every hand specimen.) The white mica of the Leinster granite some- times becomes plumose. At different places about Killiney and at Foxrock, near Carrickmines, it has been found collected into nests, with a beautiful flowing, feathery arrangement. It is believed that this is a speciality of this neighbourhood. | For the accidental minerals occurring in this granite and de-~ veloped in the Silurian rocks metamorphosed sae see the Article on the mineralogy of this district.” | The jointing of the granite can be well studied in many places, as about the Killiney Hills, especially in the large, now disused, quarries on Dalkey Hill. Several joint systems of different aatabes of importance can sometimes be seen intersecting at the same place. The joint surfaces ‘are almost always very even and smooth, entirely different, as to character, from surfaces of frac- ture; so that however the joints may be connected with the contraction of the granite in cooling, they are something more than mere planes of splitting. The main joints have generally a marked parallelism, sometimes for considerable distances. - It is principally the primary joints, and rarely the others, that have the slickenside coatings so often to be seen on those surfaces. 144 sue Rev. MAxweEu H. Crose, It is, of course, quite possible that there may be friction slicken- sides on planes of dislocation in the granite. There must have been such planes produced during the disturbances after the Car- boniferous age, when the granite had been thoroughly solidified, and great faa must have taken place along them; but the slickensides so frequently to be seen in the granite joints of this neighbourhood are, at least as a general Aue most clearly struc- tural and not the result of retin The slickenside striations of the quartz coating of a joint surface are often accompanied by ca- pillary schorl, the needles or fibres of which are accurately parallel to the slickenside striation and unquestionably form part of the phenomenon. The great majority of the slickenside-bear- ing joints of a neighbourhood have a very observable nearness of direction with each other; the mean dip of these surfaces is at about 30°, so that the variation in the direction of the planes is only one half that of the strikes of the planes. Moreover, the striations are not only strictly parallel on the same surface, but they very seldom deviate much from the mean direction in their vicinity ; showing that their directions have been influenced by some common cause. This can be well seen in many places; of which one of the most easily indicated and accessible is the shore at Sandycove (between Kingstown and Dalkey), from the bottom of Burdett Avenue for some distance eastwards. The granite is often penetrated by dykes and veins of eurite (which may be called a fine close-grained granite with very little or no mica) and by veins of quartz. These, when they intersect: can often be seen to be of differeut ages; and they are sometimes faulted. The eurite veins may be intrusions of later date than the solidification of the surrounding mass, or they may be only infil- trations into contraction fissures; the quartz veins have been doubtless formed by infiltration. Occasionally, though apparently very rarely, the oranite in this neighbourhood exhibits an obscure concretionary structure. Sometimes a freshly exposed joint surface will show indistinct concentric rings of colour two or three feet in diameter, usually iron staining, which might, at first sight, lead to the supposition that the joint had cut across a concretionary spheroid ; but it will usually be manifest on closer inspection that the phenomenon ~ is confined to the joint itself. In some places, as near Mur- — On the Physical Geology of tre Neighbourhood of Dublin, 145 phystown, the outer part of a roundish projection of granite seems to beaslightly separated coat or shell of uniform thickness, which might be removed by wedges. This, also, might be supposed at first sight to be an instance of concentric structure ; but it appears to be really in some way the effect of the atmo- sphere, although the granite is quite sound and undecomposed. (This is well seen on a much larger scale on one of the Mourne granite mountains. ) In some places, owing to the ddeonvpositien of the felspar, the granite has, for a dopey of several feet, become so rotten that it can be chopped out with a spade; it is then used as “ freestone ” for sanding kitchen floors. This phenomenon may be sometimes observed at some height on a steep hillside, e.g., above Ticknock, on the west side of the Three-Rock Mountain, as well as on low ground. It seems to be the effect of atmospheric action; aneces sary condition being some local peculiarity in the felspar; but what this may be does not seem to have been ascertained. Disturbance and Denudation.—There is a wide unconforma bility between the next succeeding formation and the Lower Silurian on which it rests; showing that there was great distur- bance and denudation between the completion of the Lower Silurian strata and the commencement ot the deposition of the others; this being the second of which we have evidence in this district. Mr. Jukes thought it probable that the Lower Silurians were already disturbed, to some extent, when the granite came up into them; the intrusion of the granite, if it did not directly cause, was, at least, accompanied by further disturbance of those rocks. At any rate, the great disturbance that actually took place would afford opportunity to the denuding agencies of work- ing very unequally on different parts of the- great stratified mass. Whilst in some areas of this district several thousand feet in thickness of the Lower Silurians still remain, in others the ground was bared of all such rocks before the Old Red Sandstone was laid down. This was, almost doubtless, the case where the Limestone lies directly on the Cambrian, as at Howth, and it was inevitably so where the Limestone stretches over the Silurian on to the granite, as it does a few miles S.E. of Dublin. But as the Cambrian floor of the Silurian sea was doubtless irregular in this district, and as the granite i446... Tae Rey. Maxwe.u H. Cross, oe came up irregularly into the Lower Silurian strata, we | cannot form any’ idea what thickness of the latter may have covered those places when the denudation began; though it was probably something considerable. But there is good reason for believing that, near the town of Wexford, the whole thickness of the Lower Silurian formation of this region was stripped off the Cambrian rocks before the deposition of the Old Red Sand- stone in that vicinity. The Silurian strata seem to have been there laid down evenly on the surface of the already contorted and denuded. Cambrian mass; and it is just in that neighbourhood, alongside of the Cambrian boundary, that we have the clearest evidence of the great thickness of the Silurian rocks, viz., per- haps ten or twelve thousand feet. Some such thickness of Lower Silurian beds must have stretched over the now exposed Cam- brians, near at hand, and by far the greater part must have been removed by the denudation of which we are now speaking, as is shown by the remains of the Old Red Sandstone which lie on the Cambrian rocks at a distance of only 14 mile from the nearest and lowest Silurian stratum. The re-exposing of the Cambrian rocks nearer Dublin must have been, likewise, chiefly performed by this denudation, though donpiies: partly by that to be considered farther on, _ The fact that the Old Red Sandstone conglomerates near ate granite in Co. Kilkenny and in Co. Waterford contain pebbles of that rock is another proof of the great denudation that had taken - place before the deposition of these conglomerates; since, as far. as we know, true crystalline granite is formed only under the conditions of very slow cooling and great pressure, that is to aD at a considerable depth beneath the surface. OLD RED SANDSTONE (?)—This may be but the basal or sen yeas of the Carboniferous formation. Although there are four, and possibly five, presentations of these rocks in this district, they are all verysmall. This is on account of the (conformable) over- lapping which hereabouts runs through the whole series of Car- boniferous strata. The post-Carboniferous larger-scale distur- bances were, in this region, comparatively small (though not soin the 8. of Ireland) ; ey it was only here and there that the later denudation was able to bring these underlying beds to ue surface, No fossils have been found in them, ne 24% . x aes Aa. | em On, the Physical Geology of the Neighbourhood of Dublin, 147 >. The largest exposure of these rocks is at Portrane and Dona- bate, where an upheaval has enabled the subsequent denudation to lay them bare between the Silurian and the Carboniferous Limestone. The whole thickness of. these beds i in this place does not exceed 350 feet. _ There is another outcrop of these strata near Lyons, 14 miles W.S.W. of Dublin, where they have been exposed by the removal of the Limestone, for a very small length and width. The yemmnant patches of these beds to be seen lying on the upturned edges of the Lower Silurian rocks on Shenick’s Island. (Skerries) a on Lambay Island have been already mentioned. Along the base of the cliffs at Balscaddan Bay, on the E, side of Howth’ Harbour, there is a coarse, brecciated conglomerate of quartz-rock materials, red and yellow stained, which, from its proximity to the Lower Carboniferous Limestone, doubtless belongs to these underlying beds. iiast outside the railway at Blackrock Station there is the still exposed part of a rock, the rest of which -has been covered by the railway embankment. It consists of a remarkable firmly compacted pure granite breccia. The granite from which it was formed and the remains of the limestone which must have eovered it are both visible close by in the People’s Park. But as the latter is Upper Limestone, this breccia cannot belong to, nor lie. beneath, the base of the Carboniferous formation: which could be overlapped only by Lower Limestone. . : _ CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE—This formation is one of she salient features of the geology of Ireland. It extends continuously from the E. to the W. coast of our island, occupying the greater part of the central plain and its ramifications. Its greatest thickness is from 2,500 to 3,000 feet. From want of suitable continuous sections its thickness near Dublin cannot be determined, although. the bottom of the formation occurs at Donabate, and the top of it only three miles northward of that, a little beyond Rush. - Lower Limestone Shale.—This consists of dark shales and thin flaggy limestones, It surrounds the exposure of Old Red Sandstone or of basal Carboniferous conglomerate at Donabate and runs thence towards the S.W., along the crest of an anticlinal fold; the whole length of the narrow exposure being seven miles, It contains a small characteristic assemblage of fossil, its whole thickness idoes not exceed 200 feeti) 6 ounce + OF FIO 148 "ure Rev. Maxwewt H. Grose, ©. 3 Carboniferous Limestone Proper.—This has been separated into three divisions, Lower, Middle, and Upper. The distinction between these, however, is principally lithological and local in™ character ; it cannot be generally carried out. The Middle division seems to be the least constant, and about Dublin the Middle and ~ Upper are not distinguishable. In this district the Lower Lime- stone is generally a pele grey crystalline limestone, sometimes regularly bedded, sometimes in amorphous masses. The neigh- bourhood of Dublin, for a radius of several miles, is on the Middle and Upper Limestone which here consist generally of dark, earthy limestone, called calp, interstratified with dark grey shales, and with frequent layers or irregular nodules of chert. This is quarried for building stone and road metal. Occasionally beds of good pale limestone, fit for burning occur therein ; these some- times abound in fossils. The lower division of the Limestone lies directly on the Gian: brian rocks at Howth, and its upper division, which has over- lapped its own inferior parts, extends on to the Silurian rocks near Skerries, and on to the Silurian rocks and granite at four miles southward of Dublin. In the last mentioned vicinity the following réinairtealde cir- cumstance is to be observed. Over all the distriet between the Liffey and the foot of the Dublin hills the prevailing dip of the Limestone strata (neglecting slight contortions) seems to be every- where southwards, or towards the emerging Silurians and the granite. This may be partly explained either by undulations of the beds whose opposite dips happen to be concealed, or by a series of faults running nearly E. and W., which repeat the beds; otherwise it would be necessary to attribute to the black, earthy limestone a thickness greater than the known thickness of the group anywhere else. A similar peculiarity of dip may be ob- served near the northern extremity of the map. The Upper Limestone beds on the shore S. of Skerries and also two miles inland dip northwards towards Ae Lower Silurian rocks on which they rest. ' The actual contact of the Limestone and Carinae is visible | on the W. shore of the Howth peninsula about 200 yards N, of Bottle Quay. The contact of the Limestone and granite is nowhere exposed ; the two are visible about a stone’s-throw from each other : on the shore at Blackrock in the People’s Park. In a Limestone — On the Physical Geology of the Neighbourhood of Dublin. 149 quarry-pit near Carlow, whence stone was being taken to build a new church, some years ago, the workmen, to their great incon- venience, came down upon the granite. Sometimes masses of the Limestone rock have been more or less highly dolomitized, so that the bedding sometimes becomes obliterated. Examples occur in Howth harbour, and one mile W. thereof close by the railway, and one mile 8. of this latter place, also near Milltown bridge and on the shore 8.E. of Malahide, and near Loughshinny. Anthracite, probably of animal origin, or perhaps derived from marine alge, has been found in the Lime- stone at Castleknock ; and sometimes bed faces are covered with a thin film of black carbonaceous matter. The Limestone, occasionally, contains large and small frag- ments of granite, both rounded and angular, sometimes associated with granite sand, as also slabs of mica schist, as near Crumlin and at Milltown. These extraneous masses are sometimes quite isolated in the limestone matrix ; as though they had been carried out from the land into comparatively deep water in the Carbo- niferous sea by some unusual means of transport, as, for instance, by being floated by plants to whose roots they may have been attached. Fragments of (unmetamorphosed) Silurian material are found in some of the Limestone beds at Kilsallaghan and Lispopple, eight miles W. by S. of Portrane. In the ravine of the Delvin river, near the Naul, and on the shore, both near Rush, and near Baldungan, two and ahalf miles northward thereof, there are beds of conglomerate of which the blocks, pebbles, and frag- ments, both rounded and angular, and layers of sand are of Silurian origin ; these were evidently shore be(s. It seems most probable that the Calp, or dark earthy limestone : so prevalent around Dubiin, was largely formed of fine mud derived from the black Lower Silurian slates. The small proportion of lime in the Calp may account for the fact that there are, apparently, no underground streams in this vicinity. The percolating water, not being able to dissolve the Calp, could not make subterranean passages, as it has done to such an extent in the Limestone of the W. and 8. of Ireland. ‘There is a strong spring of fresh water rising through the sea water in Howth Harbour. This comes doubtless from a subterraneous passage in the Lower Limestone of that locality, which is pure, excepting the very local dolomitization near the spot. M 150 THE Rev, MAXWELL H. CLosz, It is very remarkable that the above-mentioned conglomerates near Rush and near Baldungan contain pebbles of Carboni- ferous limestone. In other places the limestone is thickly interspersed with small, angular fragments of older beds of the same formation; these are very visible when they are of a different shade of colour from the matrix. These facts seem to imply that there were minor, pretty even, upheavals and sub- sidences during the deposition of the Carboniferous Limestone. and that older beds were uplifted from the sea, and had acquired considerable hardness when later beds were being formed partly from their angular and rolled debris. ‘The phenomenon of lenticu- lar bedding, often to be observed in the Limestone, indicates that there were irregular changes of condition connected with the deposition of the strata. Upper Shules—A remnant strip of this formation extends from Baldungan towards the Naul, as indicated near the northeru extremity of the map. Its length is nearly ten miles, its mean width about one and a half. The rocks consist of hard, splintery shales, interstratified, in some places, with thin grits and flag- stones. They used to be called Coal Measures, that term being applied, in a wide sense, to include, not only the Coal Measures proper, but all the strata between them and the top of the Car- boniferous Limestone. They are to be correlated with the Yoredale beds. Only the lower part of the group remains, the thickness being about 500 feet. The overlap above mentioned, still continues into this formation, as can be seen near the Bog of the Ring, where these Upper Shales evidently extend beyond the Limestone, so as to come directly upon the Lower Silurian. Though this formation is properly described as conformable with the Limestone, yet, occasionally, local unconformabilities have been noticed between the contiguous beds of the two series. This is what might have been expected, as the great general subsi dence during the Carboniferous age must have been, not only interrupted, but temporarily reversed at the end of the Limestone period. As already mentioned, a similar temporary reversal seems to have taken place during the deposition of the Limestone itself; this being apparently necessary to explain the presence of fragments of earlier beds in the later beds of that formation. The Upper Shales in this district contain a very characteristic assemblage of fossils. There is a very interesting coast section On the Physical Geology of the Neighbourhood of Dublin. 151 across the end of this Upper Shale area, for which see Geological Survey Explanations 102, page 62. The beds of this formation are in a synclinal basin, as is in- variably the case in Ireland, and the low hills which they form are hills of circumdenudation. This brings us to the Disturbance and Denudation which took place after the com- pletion of the whole of the Carboniferous formation, this being the third of which we have evidence in this district. Although in the western and west-central parts of the Carboniferous Limestone’ plain of Ireland the beds of that formation extend evenly and almost horizontally over considerable areas, yet elsewhere they have undergone disturbance and contortion. Such has been the case in the district with which we are now more immediately con- cerned, although by no means to the same extent as in the South of Ireland. In many places the beds have steep local dips. They are interestingly contorted at Loughshinny, three miles §. of Skerries, evidently by horizontal compression, which has pro- duced even reversed faults. They are also strongly contorted in a quarry beside the bridge at Lucan and elsewhere. This disturbance being greater in. the 8. and S.E. of Ireland, has there produced a general system of cleavage pervading all the rocks from the lowest to the highest. The strike of this cleavage is in the 8S. about W.S.W. and E.N.E.; in the S.E. it gradually turns to about 8.8.W. and N.N.E., and it seems to die away a little outside the southern boundary of the map. This disturbance seems to have been (at least principally) effected at a time earlier than the Permian age; so that if, as seems most probable, no formations later than the Carboniferous were laid down in this district until the Drift period, the denuding agencies had nearly all the long period from that time to the present in which to work their will on the disturbed rocks. However this may be, they have very effec- tually availed themselves of the opportunities afforded them. When we consider that the Upper Shales just mentioned, and the overlying beds as far as they remain to us, are seen over the greater part of Ireland, to lie in synclinal basins, and that they are always remnant patches, whose limits are due to denu- dation and not to the dying-out of the beds, we reasonably conclude that these supra-Limestone beds once extended over a great part of the area now called Ireland, and that they have since keen removed by denudation, The county around Dublin M 2 152 ) THE Rev. MAXWELL H. CLOSE, must have had over 2,000 feet of such strata removed in this way, besides some of the underlying Carboniferous Limestone, though generally not very much of this has been eroded, as in this vicinity we are on the Middle and Upper Limestone. Doubtless, at Portrane the denudation has removed the whole thickness of the Carboniferous formation, together with the few hundred feet of the thinning out Old Red Sandstone, if it be such, which once covered the Silurian at that place—probably a thickness of over 4,000 feet altogether. It is on such considerations that Professor Hull has founded his explanation of the origin of the Scalp, a remarkable gap, three miles W. by N. from Bray, which cuts across a spur ridge from the mass of the Three Rock mountain. The water falls both ways from the Scalp. Professor Hull’s suggestion is that that gap was cut by a river which began to flow when the Upper Carboniferous strata still covered the neighbourhood, including the site of the ridge, and which became unable to continue pass- ing through that part of its valley when the general denudation had worn down the softer rocks of the upper part of its course more deeply than it was able to erode its bed through the hard granite and mica slate of the ridge, which was already existing, though doubtless not in its present condition. Notwithstanding the deposition of Drift which has taken place over so much of this district, and the great accumulation of it in certain places, very little of the denudation of which we have been speaking can have been effected during the Drift period to supply the materials then spread about, since the traces of the general glaciation wrought immediately before the Drift period still remain visible in so many places. GENERAL GLACIATION.—The signs of the action of the general ice-sheet which once covered Ireland are abundant in the vicinity of Dublin. They consist (1) of rock rounding, smoothing, and striation, and (2) of Boulder Clay, or Lower Boulder Clay, as we may call it, without committing ourselves to the hypothesis that is sometimes implied in that title. The rock-grinding can be seen in many places on the quartz-rock of Howth, Iveland’s Eye, Shankill, and Bray Head, on the Old Red Sandstone conglomerate near Donabate station, on the felstone there beside the railway, on that of Lambay Island, on the granite (generally recently stripped of its drift covering) near Dundrum, On the Physical Geology of the Neighbourhood of Dublin. 158 about Foxrock, and Dalkey, on the Killiney Hills, &c. It is often strikingly displayed on limestone freshly bared for quarry- ing; though, of course, almost immediately removed. There was a very fine example of this in a quarry near Finglas Bridge (the one in which the beds are nearly horizontal). The abrading agent has frequently produced very observable crag-rounding, as distinct from mere surface-rounding, though generally accom- panied thereby, as on Ireland’s Eye, Shankill, and Bray Head. This phenomenon should be viewed from a sufficient distance— say from halfa mile to a mile and a half—and in the afternoon, when the sun is favourably situated for showing the effect, owing to the direction of the glaciation. The highest point at which the striations can be certainly found is on the very summit of Shankill, near the Scalp, 912 feet. Unfortunately the granite hills would not preserve the striations except under special circumstances, otherwise those marks of ice-action would be traceable to much greater heights. The Lower Boulder Clay is of the usual weil-known character. It is generally a very stiff ciay containing well rubbed, blunted, and scratched, though sometimes angular, and very rarely rolled, stones and blocks; these are often two feet in length, though they are usually much smaller. Except in the 8.E. part of this district the great majority of the stones are limestone, even in places situated some miles from the edge of the limestone ground. As the great ice movement was from the extensive limestone plain, we should naturally expect a preponderance of limestone blocks in the boulder clay; but it is sometimes very surprising that the boulder clay, after having been swept along over two or three miles of granite ground, should have picked up so few granite blocks as it has done. In such cases the largest blocks in the clay belong to the local rock. The upper surfaces of such blocks are sometimes ground, smoothed, and scored in the same manner as the surface of the living rock, and in the same direction. In the N. and N.W. neighbourhood of Dublin the boulder clay has been left in more or less well-defined ridges, which are quite distinct from the eskers to be mentioned presently, and which we shall call drumlins; these are not only parallel with each other but also with the rock-striation of their immediate 154 THe Rev. MAXWELL H. CLOSE, vicinity. It is perfectly certain that it must have been the rock- scoring agent which produced the boulder-clay ridges. Having ascertained this, we can often recognise the course of the flows of ~ the universal ice-sheet by the mere inspection of an accurately shaded map. See the shaded Ordnance inch maps, Nos. 100, 101,110, and 111. These drumlins are even more strikingly displayed in other parts of Ireland. The rock-scorings and these ridges show that the great glacial flow from the north-westward was divided not far from Maynooth, evidently by the obstruction of the Dublin and Wicklow Hills; see the glacial map of Ireland in Prof. Hull’s Physical Geology and Geography of Ireland, p. 210. Agassiz, when in Dublin in 1840, having seen but little of the glacial phenomena cf the neighbourhood, naturally supposed that those hills must have been a centre of glacial dispersion. But it is very interesting and remarkable to find that they were not so, but that they were invaded ab eatra by a great ice-flow which can be traced backward to the less important hills of Fermanagh. They had, however, afterwards, their own small local glaciers as we shall see presently. STRATIFIED DRiFT.—Immediately over the Lower Boulder clay, which was clearly the moraine du fond of the great ice-flow from the north-westward, comes a deposit of stratified water- arranged and washed gravels and sands. These, which we shall call the Middle Sands and Gravels, extend from the present sea | level up to a considerable elevation on the hills. They reach 1,100 feet on the S.E. side of the Three Rock Mountain, 1,300 feet on the W. side of that hill, on the summit of the col connect- ing it with Kilmashogue Mountain, 1,250 feet at 24 miles W. by 8. of the last, and the same elevation at one mile W. of this last on the eastern side of Mount Pelier. The distance between the first and the last mentioned spots is five miles. These elevated parts of the gravels and sands are as well washed and sorted as those on the low grounds; they moreover consist as largely of foreign materials; although resting at those heights on granite hills they are part of the “ limestone gravel.” Pieces of flinty chalk and other far-transported stones and fragments of marine shells can be found. in them as in the low- lying gravels. The shells found in the gravels of this neighbour- On the Physical Geology of the Neighbourhood of Dublin. 155 hood all belong to species now inhabiting the neighbouring seas ; they are usually much broken, especially those found at the higher elevations. The highest places at which they have been found are at Ballyedmonduff, 1,000 feet, and at one furlong south- ward of Caldbeck Castle, on the above mentioned col between the Three Rock and Kilmashogue Mountains, 1,250 feet above the sea. It is most probable that a large proportion of these deposits consists of water-rolled and rearranged materials derived from the Boulder Clay which seems to have suffered denudation and to have been removed in some of those places, at least, where the water-formed gravels lie directly on the rock. The gravels have been piled very irregularly ; sume valleys contain deep accumu- lations of it. Some places are bare of it, though situated at lower levels than others not far off which are deeply covered. There are great collections of this formation in Killakee valley, im Glennasmole (shells), in many places in the valley of the Dargle river from Bray towards Powerscourt Deer Park, -in Glencullen, about Hnniskerry, &c. There are fine natural sections in many places, especially Killiney Bay (shells) and Balscaddan Bay on the K. side of Howth Harbour (shells), and many good artificial sections in large gravel pits about the neighbourhood. It is just possible that these gravels may have formerly reached higher elevations than those mentioned and have been washed down again. On the Two Rock Mountain, which might be called the southern and higher part of the Three Rock ditto, stones of two to four inches in diameter, and blocks of extrane- ous material can be found near the summit at 1,750 feet. There are two blocks of granite on the N.W. side of the Great Sugar Loaf, at the height of 1,480 feet, and several others at 1,300 feet; these are three miles from the nearest granite rock ; there are some also on the upper part of Bray Head, five miles from the nearest granite. These may have been transported by floating ice, which agent has, doubtless, dropped the large blocks of (local) granite which may be seen resting on the surface of the above-mentioned elevated gravels of extraneous materials resting on the granite hills. The numerous fragments of chalk- ‘flint and the pieces of Mourne granite that are found in the gravels may have been carried hither by floating ice; they may, however, bave been gradually drifted along the coast by the ordinary action of the waves. 153 THE Rev. MAXWELL H. CLOSE, Upper Boulder Clay.—Over the generally well-washed and/ stratified Middle sands and gravels may sometimes be seen a nearly, occasionally quite, unstratified deposit, which we may : call the Upper Boulder Clay, without implying thereby that it has been formed in the same way as the Lower Boulder Clay. It is of a looser, more earthy material, and may contain far- travelled stones. But as the nature of this deposit, if it be really a separate one, is obscure, and there is considerable differ- ence of opinion thereanent, and as entering into controversy is outside our present business, we shall pass on to the next. _ Eskers.—These seem to be the latest of these drift accumula- tions. We shall not now go into the difficult and vexed question of their mode of formation. They must be as old as the time of floating ice, as they sometimes have very large transported blocks lying wpon them, just as the level drift often has. It is sometimes evident that these have not been brought out by denudation, but that they have been dropped on the esker by some agency that did not interfere with the gravel and sand already there; and the only agency that can be suggested is floating ice. The eskers consist of thoroughly well washed and generally stratified materials. Shell fragments have been found in them, but only in one or two instances. As their name implies, they are generally in the form of ridges, though they are often but more or less well-defined irregular mounds. ‘There is a good specimen of a ridge esker at Greenhills, a couple of miles W. of Rathfarnham. Its whole length is nearly three miles, and its height from thirty-five to sixty feet. A road runs along the crest of its southern portion, where it is narrower and well-defined, for a length of two and a quarter miles. There is also a ridge esker at a place thence called Esker, on the S. side of the Liffey, six miles W. of Dublin, and there are irregular esker mounds in > Stillorgan Park and elsewhere. | Local Glaciation.—This is doubtless the proper place in which to mention the glacial moraines which are to be found among the hills in the neighbourhood of Dublin. It is most probable that those moraines were finally left by the ice, as we now see them, about the time of the formation of the eskers or shortly after that. Each of the two Loughs Bray (12 miles 8. by W. from Dublin) occupies its own division of a laterally double hollow on the N.E. side of Kippure Mountain (granite, 2,473 feet above the sea), The On the Physical Geology of the Neighbourhood of Dublin, 157 larger or Lower Lough Bray (elevation 1,225 feet) is dammed in by a glacial moraine, the two arms of which meet at the bottom of the lake and then descend towards the bottom of Glencree valley, near the head of which the lakes are situated. Their lower parts below the lake are covered with numerous large granite blocks, some of which must weigh about 200 tons. That part of the grounds of Lough Bray Cottage which is on the N. side of the lake is on a bank leaning against the hill side; the upper side of this bank falls to the hill side. The lower eastern end of the bank is beneath the water of the lake. This is clearly a latero-terminal moraine formed by the glacier when it had shrunk so as to be unable to fill the original moraine bed it had made for itself. (The jointing of the highest part of the precipice is well seen from the ground between the two lakes. In the lower part of the precipice the primary jointing dips inwards, and is as recular as stratification ; at the summit it is horizontal.) The small Upper Lough (elevation 1,453 feet) might be con- sidered by some the more interesting, glacially, of the two. It is contained in its own recess which is much less deep than that of the Lower Lake. If we may so express it, the width of the Upper Lake is greater than its length. Its longest axis is parallel to the cliff under which it lies and to the moraine dam. This dam is a well defined bank running all along the lower edge of the lake; at its middle part it rises about 90 feet above the water. It is represented, but without the following small details, on the shaded Ordnance inch map, 121. All along its top runs a small, very distinct, ridge or crest, which looks almost like an artificial bank, and close outside of this, for the S.E. half of its length runs a second parallel but not so regular crest. Several huge blocks of granite are scattered about on this moraine dam; one lies right on the first mentioned crest. Some of these must be 200 tons in weight; the largest (on the outer side of the: moraine) measures 28 feet in width at its base, 26 feet in height, with a mean thickness of about 9 feet ; it must weigh at least 250 tons. These blocks have, no doubt, come from the cliff on the opposite side of thelake. It is interesting to have this evidence of so great power in so small a glacier. No rock-scoring is to be seen; the rocks being all concealed by the moraine masses, except in the precipices over the Jakes, 158 THE Rev, MAXWELL H. CLoseE, The hollow enclosing the Powerscourt deer-park seems to have contained a glacier. " : *** Halysites catenularius. : . 3 **Heliolites interstinctus, and variety megastoma. A ae *Syringophyllum organum. A Moutuscea ; Polyzoa. ” *Ptilodictya dichotoma. li a o 6 acuta. Brachiopoda. Atrypa marginalis. Discina ; species undetermined. Jepteena quinquecostata. 7 A gees fe fl sericea. ms tenuicincta. > Lingula ; species undetermined. ieee Orthis biforata. | ee =~ calliorammia: ** .. elegantula. #* «,/.insularis, 95 porcata. ** +. testudinaria, 5» vespertilio. ***Strophomena alternata. * " rhomboidalis. - ‘9 expansa ? Conchifera. eer ge Ctenodonta ; species undetermined. Modiolopsis ;_ do. do. aa e a * = le - A sal “Pk, om _ “Sere a ee a ee § aS ; . Gasteropoda. *(yclonema crebristria 4 rae | ba ~ rupestris ? vo pret Euomphalus, two species ; one new, the other undetermined. — *Holopea concinna. Murchisonia ; two species undetermined Raphistoma ; new species. 2 On the Paleontology of County Dublin, 167 Nucleobranchiata. Bellerophon subdecussatus. new species, allied to acutus. Cephalopoda. Orthoceras remotum (Salter mss.) species undetermined. tenuicinctum 2 9? 99 ANNELIDA. Tentaculites Anglicus. Crustacea: Z'rilobita. Agnostus trinodus. Aiglina mirabilis. © **Calymene obtusa. *Cheirurus clavifrons. es bimucronatus. **Cybele verrucosa. ***Tlenus Bowmanii. Lichas Hibernicus. » laxatus, Remopleurides longicostatus. *Spheerexochus mirus. Stygina latifrons. *Trinucleus seticornis. Lower Silurian rocks, with accompanying fossils, are again ex- posed still further north of Dublin, on the coast north and south of Balbriggan. To the south, from half a-mile to a mile of Bal- briggan, the rocks on shore at several places, black or dark grey slates, contain fossils, mostly Graptolites. The single-celled form, Graptolithus Hisingert, occurs in profusion, with G. tenwis sparingly, and the double-celled and characteristic form of Dip- lograpsus pristis plentifully. Small orbicular Brachiopods, al- hed to Crania, are occasionally associated with the Graptolites. _ About one mile and a-half north of Balbriggan, the rocks on shore near Lowther Lodge and west of the Cardy Rocks, con- sisting of grey and brown shales, are very fossiliferous; the small coral Favosites fibrosus, and Brachiopod shells Leptena sericea, Orthis calligramma and O. porcata, Strophomena alternata and S. deltoidea being abundant, with the Trilobites Cybele verrucosa Calymene brevicapitata, and a small Phyllopod Crustacean, an undetermined species of Beyrichia. This assemblage of fossils in- dicates strata of Caradoc-Bala age. N 2 168 Wintttam Herter BAILy Two other fossil localities, also in Silurian strata, have been observed more inland, one of them being a little south of Stamullin, close to the river Delvin, where a Crinoid head, doubt- fully referred to Glyptocrinus, and single-celled Graptolites— probably G. Hisingert—were long since obtained by the Geo- logical Survey Collectors, from grey shales and grits. The other is situated about a mile and a-half west of Balbriggan, at an old quarry on the road to Balscaddan, where similar grey shales yielded a few fossils, amongst them Orihis calligramma and Theca triangularis, * LowER SILURIAN fossils ; near Balbriggan, Co. Dublin. Hyprozoa: Graptolites, | **Diplograpsus pristis. ***Graptolithus Hisingeri. a tenuis. ActTINozoA: Corals. **Favosites fibrosus. Motuusca: Brachiopoda. Crania ! , **Lepteena sericea. Orthis Actonie. * ,, calligramma. » porcata. *Strophomena alternata. 4 A deltoidea. Ptercpeda. Theca triangularis. ECHINODERMATA. Crinoid fragments. Gl yptocrinus 2 Crustacea: Phyllopoda. Beyrichia, species undetermined. Trilobita. Calymene brevicapitata. Cybele verrucosa. CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE is the prevailing formation in the _ immediate neighbourhood of Dublin, and although for the most part covered by drift, is observable at the numerous quarries opened for economical purposes, at coast sections, and Railway cuttings. ies of this formation are to be seen on the south of “ei * Explanation of Sheets 91 and 92, Geological Surv ey of Treland, Dp. 21. Ov the Pulwoxtology of County Dublin. 169 Dublin, between Militown and Clonskea on the banks of the river Dodder, at several places near Rathgar and Rath- farnham, Kimmage, Crumlin, Goldenbridge, &c., Clondalkin and Lucan, all south of the river Liffey; and at Killester railway cutting and quarry, south of Finglas, quarries and cuttings at Blanchardstown, east and south of the village, on the north side of the river Liffey. All these are more or less fossiliferous localities, considered by the officers of the Geological Survey* to belong to the Upper Limestone (“Calp” of Sir Richard Griffiths), although the Paleontological evidence affords no grounds for such division. Quarries at Castleknock a little south of the village, and in the townland of Mitchelstown, three miles N.N.W. of Finglas, at Cloghran, Dunsink, north of Cappoge, the large quarries at Saint Doulagh’s, rocks on shore near Howth Lodge, and quarry to the south, near the Deer Park, are all in compact Lower Limestone, usually containing a large assemblage of fossils. At Balscaddan Bay, north of Howth Harbour, are Lower Limestone shales. These lower beds, consisting of dark earthy limestone and shales, are highly fossiliferous. On the shore south-east of Malahide similar strata appear, the low cliffs containing an abundance of corals, crinoids, and Brachiopods. In some beds near the second Martello tower from Malahide, bunches of coral, Lithodendron junceum, may be seen attached to a large bivalve shell, Plewrorhynchus fusiformis, other beds are full of Spirifera bisulcata, Athyris plomosuleata, Xe. The old quarries inland—at Seamount, south of Malahide, and Feltrim to the south-west—have furnished a large number of species. Still further north, near the northern boundary of Sheet 102 Geological Survey Map, a little south of Skerries, a large quarry in the Lower Limestone has also yielded many fossils, amongst them being the large and beautiful univalve shell, Platyschisma (Turbd) tiata, a fossil which has also lately been collected by Captain Bennett, at Howth quarry, and Clare, Co. Kildare. The following is a list of the quarries and other places in the County of Dublin where LowrER CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE fossils have been observed.t These localities are numbered, * Explanation of Sheets 102 and 112, Gealerieal Survey vf Treland, 1861, p. 7. t Ibid, _p. 13, &e. : 170 WILLIAM HELLIER BAILY corresponding numlers being placed opposite each species, in order to show where such fossils were collected, without repeal the names of the places where they occurred. No. of Locality. i. “The Hoare Rock ;’ one and three-quarter miles west of Garris ; town ; Sheet 101, <1 2. Townland of Holmpatrick ; rocks on shore, a little nor th of townland, south of Skerries boundary ; Sheet 102. 3. Oldtown ; in the village; Sheet 102. 4. Townland of Wolganstown; one mile and a-half south-west oF Oldtown ; Sheet 102. 5. On the shore, about a furlong W.N.W. of Corballig House ; Sheet 102. 6. Seamount old quarries, about one mile south-east of Malahide ; Sheet 102. 7. Rocks on shore, E.S8.E. of Malahide ; Sheet 102. 8. Quarries in the townland of Mitchelstown, three miles N.N.W. - of Finglas; Sheet 102. 9. Quarries at the village of Cloghran ; Sheet 102. 10. Townland of Dunsink ; near Blanchardstown, Midland G. W. Railway ; several localities near the Observator y; Sheet 102, 11. Near Cappoge House ; Sheet 102. 12. The large quarries near St. Doulagh’s ; Sheet 102. 13. On the shore near Howth Lodge, and quarry near Deer — to the south of it ; Sheet 112. 14. Rocks on shore at Balscaddan Ray ; Sheet 112. 15. Townland of Woodlands; near Lucan, several localities ; Sheet 111. 16. Townland of Woodville; E. of Clonsilla; Sheet 111. 17. Townland of Astagob; a little N.E. of Lucan; Sheet 111. 18. Quarries, 8. of the village of Castleknock ; Sheet 112. Situation and Sheet of Inch Map. List of the species of LowER CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE Fossils, from the above localities. PLANTA. : cs Locality No. Plant stem ° ° ° ; 7 | CQZLENTERATA. Actrnozoa.—-Corals. Localities. Amplexus coralloides, . : 6,10, 12; 15; 16; 17, - Aulopora gigas, ; 15. Cyathophyllum Stutchburyi, : (ReaD Gorgonia Lonsdaliana, . : 6, Lithodendron affinis, ‘ re ahs. > junceum, . ‘ 6, 7, 14. On the Paleontology of County Dublin. Locality No Lithostrotion striatum, . ; 2. Michelinea favosa, . Lie apne Lae Zaphrentis patula, ‘ ‘ ila. Phillipsi, = age eat 2 fy ho. 16. 9) Mo.iusca.— Polyzoa. Ceriopora interporosa, : se 4 5 rhombifera, . ie Fenestella antiqua, . , ; Oh 295 0 orl ORL (ee tS: 55 membranacea, . 5 Oe Oot he . multiporata, ; “gO Os 5 undulata, . he a. 6. varicosa ? irae ilies G5: Glauconome bipinnata, . : Dp dee i gracilis, . 7 Ichthyorachis Newenhami, fs -Polypora fastuosa, . eal 5. em) Verrucosa, -, em ves 6 Ptylopora flustriformis, . : 6. pluma, : . xe Os 9) 13, 13, 74 Vincularia dichotoma, : : 6; 10)12, 15, 16417, 18. 5 multangularis, . Ae a 2 al 7. Brachiopoda. Athyris ambigua, ; : . Oa: lamellosa, . 3 5 7 5 planosulcata, . ; oi LOR LO ae: Snes ELOY Sel! 1), 9 Chonetes Hardrensis, . : ; Sol ld, 4 papilionacea, 2. a. tuberculata, 4 wir be Discina nitida, . _ ; : 6. Lingula mytiloides, . : Pe raat 6) Orthis resupinata, Aer Oe, OK 2 alo: le 18. Productus aculeatus, . - “ 27 1678, 9, 10, 12, 15; Hy as RS cora, . . . ’ 2,17, 18. es giganteus, . pe ae : ie 18. 5 longispinus, ‘ (C a margaritaceus, . : Mens: a mesolobus, , : 6; Le 12, 15,18: cy plicatilis, 15. _ punctatus, ; ; 8. : scabriculus, F : Ly 2s 69%5 0; Js RENTS; 7p be: Productus semireticulatus, 3 undata, Retzia radialis ? 5 Rhynchonella pleurodon, e ee pugnus, : : 6, 10/12) vo ke Spirifera cuspidata, . : » duplicostata, Seder cite Ce 5. ~ glabra, ; ‘ ; 2, 6,: 7, YO, 12 abe ee “bot lis: ~) damminosae si 5 ‘ 7, 14. » lineata, : : : 2, 3, 6, 10-12 es 16, iT, 18. ) Lt OLICULS, : ‘ of eS Oe. 12, 13, £9, 18: » rhomboidea ? : : 15. >» - Striata, : < “ 35°05 hy LO, Ao lvoe 15, Pes cial bes: ek ». strigonalis,- , : : 1 ey A Bee Lis triradialis, . eh eal Spiriferina cristata, 5 ; 6. Streptorhynchus crenistria, : 6, As le = 13, 15, 17, 18. Strophomena rhomboidalis, . d be Terebratula hastata, . ‘ ; I, 2,.3, 6, 8.9, [Gee 13:1 15, MY, 18, / Conchifer tt. Arca semicostata, : “ é as: 16. . Avicula levigata, : ae age 17. 1 hulata: ‘ > : 6, 12. Aviculopecten clathratus, . ; 6. AS concentricostriatus, 6, 18. > dissimilis? . Peng int. * fallax ?. : Paes ke _ flabellulus, . st IG, Ul eat age ” flexuosus, “ 3. as Forbesii, ; ; 6, 10, 12, 15. oe granosus, me 6,°12,:1: Ps levigatus, . y 6, 12, 18. ‘ planicostatus,, .. 15. 5 quinquelineatus, .- 8. ip rigida, . . 1, 26 Be : (Amusium) Sowerbii, 9, 10, 12; 18. fe tessellatus, . dota 10, 1s 4 C'ardiomorpha oblonga, part yy 6; L2.iggele: Cucullza obtusa, i ee eee ah AO, ee Edmondia quadrata? . We foe s os sulcata? . ‘ uarelet a a i. u > ve aeee ae Cy Aves - Al Wet '% * ye rah de Sei jos 4 WILLIAM HELLIER BAILY Locality No. ; 1, 2, 3,5, 6, 7, 8, 9,-10,° P25 tS: 15, 16, ie rik 18. 6. ay 1; 3, 3, 6,74, 10, a. alee 4 Ree! nt, On the Palwontology of County Dublin. Locality No, Edmondia oblonga, ° VD fl Leda, new species ? APY good 0): Leptodomus fragilis, . : 6. Lima levigata?. : aie Lithodomus dactyloides, Ato a (aaa 1 eee Bo ?Myacites Omaliana, ganna Pleurorhynchus aliformis, . st tebe Lot is armatus . Rm LS 6 fusiformis, : 7, 14. a Koninckii, n. 5s. (Baily) . at ES - Hibernicus, . 6, 18. Sanguinolites plicatus, ; : Ge LO! Pullastra bistriata, . : : Dia en = scalaris, . c ° 6 Gasteropoda. Acroculia neritoides, . . wei A vetusta - P OL 2a 1D Dentalium ornatum?. ; ies Euomphalus Dionysii, : : 6. ke pentangulatus, ; 6; 7, 10, 12: Tbs 18; Re pileopsideus, . ° 6. 5 serpula, . . ° 2. tabulatus, ; : Oy Lo. bs Loxonema Lefebvrei,. . . oh dS Macrocheilus ovalis, . fee oO Le G4, (Littorina) pusillus, ie Natica elliptica, : Gani 5 plicistria, - ‘ . Onalte Patella mucronata, . m 4 6. Platyschisma (Turbo) tiara,- . 12, 27. Trochella prisca, ; . : OF. 12: Turritella spiralis, . e ° 3. Nucleobranchiata. Bellerophon tangentialis, . . 6 Cephalopoda. Actinoceras giganteum, eae Lo ES. Goniatites cyclobus, . . ow > furcatus, -. ‘ PPeeSelOn 15. 16: #3 spheericus, ‘ #) G20. 1d. a Fe var. obtusus, 15. is a var. truncatus, 10. Nautilus biangulatus, ; reas beg to ‘3 (Discites) discors, . ree i dorsalis, . . gi LOL, 2, Los LS. 173 174 | WILLIAM HELLIER BAILY Orthoceras cinctum, 30. ss Goldfussianum, . 10, 12,015, AG6, da, Loe 5 Steinhauerll, .. 15, 48; ANNULOSA.—Lchinodermata. Locality No. Actinocrinus, stems, &¢., . 4. f polydactylus, Tis Crinoidea, species undetermined, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 18, igri Palechinus, ,, ys dae Platycrinus levis, ‘ ; a (ie a pileatus, . Ay 13: Annelida. Spirorbis globosus, . ~ Gy 3 intermedius, ; 6. Crustacea. Brachymetopus MacCoyi, . 5 elo mie. Cythere costata, . oe AS: ~. nilata, 3. Entomoconchus Scouleri, TO, 12, 18: Griffithides globiceps, ; ot Dea. Phillipsia Brongniartii, ‘ vice als. ne Derbiensis, . 2 SLO el Dab. re pustulata, . ° 4 6, 8, 12, 15, 16, 17 18, VERTEBR ATA.—Frsces. Chomatodus, palatal tooth, . gino se Cochliodus ? ; : BT Psammodus, palatal foot . AES ois. List of Fossil Localities, in UPPER CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE, County of Dublin.—(Continued from p. 170.) 19 Townland of Tobergreggan ; three-quarters of a mile south of Garristown, junction beds of Upper Limestone and of coal measures ; Sheet 101. 20. Townland of. Westown ; ; in bed of river Delvin, at Ford of Fine ; Sheet 102. ‘ 21. Townland of Balvickard ; quarry by roadside, half- sone S.- of «.- Bog of the Ring, junction of Upper Limestone and coal measures ; Sheet 102, 22. Townland of Courtlough ; quarry close to road, three-quarters of a mile N.W. of Man-of-War, junction of Upper Limestone pea and coal measures ; Sheet 102. , 23. Townland of Loughshinny; on the shore at the vailleees Sheet 102. are Dae Per niet - 42. On the Paleontology of County Dublin. 175 -Townland of Lougshinny ; on the shore, about a furlong 8. of the village, junction of Upper Limestone and coal measures ; Sheet 102. Townland of Blanchardstown ; quarries and cuttings, E. and §. of the village; Sheet 112. One mile and a-half 8.W. of Lucan, by roadside ; Sheet 111. Cursis-stream quarry, about two miles east of Lucan ; Sheet 111. In stream, a little north of Clondalkin village ; Sheet 111. Quarry, between road and Tolka river, a quarter of a mile W. of Finglas Wood bridge ; Sheet 112. Townland of Butcher's Arms ; ; one mile W. of Golden Bridge ; Sheet 112. a Townland of Golden Bridge ; quarry near Blackhorse Bridge ; Sheet 112. Railway cutting and quarry at Killester; Sheet 112. Quarries, 8S. of nae at Greenoge ; Sheet 111. About one mile 8.E. of Castle ‘Bagot, two and a-half miles 8. W. of Clondalkin ; Sheet 111. Road cutting and quarries, S. of Corkagh, about one and a-half miles §- of Clondalkin ; ; Sheet 111. Between Corkagh Mills and Belgard Castle ; Sheet 111. Newland’s Demesne ; about a quarter of a mile N.W. of Belgard Castle; Sheet 111. . Townland ‘of Garranstown ; about a furlong W. of Kilnamanagh House, and one mile SE. of Clondalkin ; Sheet 112. One field, SE. of Kilnamanagh House ; Sheet 112. Quarries, 8S. of Mount St. a oseph’s Monaster y, Clondalkin ; Sheet 112. Townland of Bushelloaf; a little E. of last locality ; Sheet 112. Quarries, near the Red Com. one mile E. of Clondalkin ; Sheet EL. Boundary of Townlands, near the Red Cow ; Sheet 112. Near Ballymount Little, one and a-half miles 8.E. of Clondalkin $ Sheet 112. Between preceding locality and Air Mount; Sheet 112. Quarries, 8.E. of Cromwell’s Fort, near Crumlin ; Sheet 112. Quarries on both sides of the road, S. of Kimmage ; Sheet 112. Old quarries, between the townlands of Green Hills and Lime- kiln Farm, 8.W. of Crumlin; Sheet 112. In river Dodder, at Terenure ; an old quarry at Rusina Ville ; Sheet 112. .- Quarries, S.E. of R. C. Chapel, Crumlin ; Sheet 112. Quarry, by Methodist Chapel, Donnybrook, E. ;. Sheet 112. In river Dodder, near Milltown ; Sheet 112. Large quarry at West Hampton, N. of Roundtown ; Sheet 112, . Inriver Dodder, §. side, near Donnybrook ; Sheet 112. Quarry on N. side of river Dodder, opposite cloth mill, Rath- mines Great; Sheet 112. 176. WILLIAM HELLIER BatLy List of Fosstts from UppER CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE, at the above places. PLANTA. Locality No. Plant stems, . 6 : o . *21, "24, 27, planes AcTINOzZOA.— Corals. Amplexus coralloides, : » (26539; 50: _ Cladochonus crassus, . 24; Cyathophyllum, (undeter mined species), : ‘ . 33, 39, 40, 41, 46, 51, 53. Lithodendron j junceum : ~ 47, Lithostrotion striatum, ° eee: Mo.uvusca.— Polyzoa. Ceri iopor: a rhombifera, : 2 a, Fenestella antiqua, . z . AL, 28, 24%) 26, 36; 52: es membranacea, . : 26. ~ Polypora fastuosa, . ‘ ee a Vincularia dichotoma, : ee 122, oe Brachiopoda. 2 Chonetes Hardrensis, S o- 24%, 28, 31, 35, 40> eae ea 48, 54. | aii 55 papilionacea, ° su Oy 36, 37, 40, 41, 43, | ns ie 44, 45, 46, 52 , 5S, 54, = BD. 3 Discina nitida, . ° ° 0 225°25,-46. 4 Lingula mytiloides, . : ahiose + ea Orthis resupinata, “ , : 22, 23, 24*, 29.30, 33, 4 35, 36, 40, 41, 43, 44, ay 45, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51, 4 52, 54, 5D. ok Productus aculeatus, . : » 93d, 40, 43, 45, 46, 50, s 54, BD. og a cora, . . ‘ EG, | 3 i gigantea, . : PaO Awe Te - . longispina, . d o MG LSB e a : Bye, i margaritacea, . DS, ee 3 punctatus, . : . 43, 45, 48, 54. 35 scabriculus, : : 22. 23, 24%, 26, 33, 34, : "35, 36, 40, 41, 42, 45, 46, 54. semireticulatus, . mi. 20s 99, 23, 24*, 33; Bose aoe 36, 38, 40, 41, 49,435. 45, 47, 48, 52, 53, 54, oe 5D. ™ Junction beds of Upper Limestone and coal measures. On the Paleontology of County Dublin. Rhynchonella pleurodon, pugnus, Spir ifera tr igonalis, e conoluta, " glabra, > ” lineata, e ° e “ pinguis, ‘ 3 : » Striata, - can ie 39? tr iradialis, 2 e ( C7 4 insculpta, . Be Streptorhynchus crenistria,. Strophomena rhomboidalis, : Terebratula hastata, e » var sacculus, - vesicularis, bee ye Conchifera. Aviculopecten Forbesii, > ; ? Donax primigenius, . ° . Lithodomus dactyloides, . F Posidonomya Becheri, a 5 var mem- branacea, ‘ = . . Gasteropoda. Evomphatus Dionysu, : . be pentangulatus, . ° 3 pileopsideus, Loxonema (species undetermined), Locality No. 22, Loy LAP Oo: Oa. Al, 51, 52, 53. 23. 27, 23, 35, 46, 53. Ds 19*, 22, 23, 24* 33, 38, 41, 43. 29,23, 24%, 33, 35, 46, 48, 53, 54, 55. 26, 35, 24%, 45. 24%, 22, 23, 24*, 36, 39, 41, 44, 46, 47, 53, BD. 23, D4, 22, 23, 35, 48. 50, 55. 28, as 21%, 22%, 24%, 39. 90, 26. 35, 36, 45, 46, 55. 36, 42, 45, 55. Macrocheilus __ do, 42, 48. Natica plicistria, bale Pleurotomaria (species undeter- mined), . - - ~ 46, 55 Turritella spiralis, ; , 45, 5, tenuistriata, “ es) Nucleobranchiata. Bellerophon hiulcus, , ° 45, Cephalopoda. Goniatites furcatus, 4 : aoe . sphericus, , ° on) 1QO* 21% 22).24" Sloe 35, 36, 48, 53. Orthoceras Steinhauerii, . 16%. 4 (species undetermined) 21*; 22, 28, 29; 41, 48: 36, 177 178 WILLIAM HELLIER BAILY . : ANNULOSA.—Lchinodermata. Locality No. Archeocidaris Urii (plates), o-|- OF, Crinoidal remains, . : e225 24%). 26, 260 ae 34, 36, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49,-51, 52, 53, 54, 55. CRUSTACEA. Cythere (species undetermined), .° 54. Griffithides globiceps, . . o 24) 33,"94- BD. 0o% Phillipsia Brongniartii, Fh oO, iE Derbiensis, . of gt D3, 36043 AA Ae ee a pustulata, . ote ig M20, So. eon 5 (species undetermined), 54, | PIScEs. | ] Cochliodus? palatal tooth, . . 46. ee Fish scales, ° ° ° a ean i What were formerly consideted to be lower coal measure shales are in the second edition of the Explanation to sheets 102 and 112 of the Geological Survey of Maps (1875), called “ Upper Shales,” but as they contain a distinct and characteristic assem- blage of fossils corresponding with those of the basal shales of the coal measures of Kilkenny, Queen’s County, Tipperary, Limerick ) and Clare, the original designation is retained. Three distinct 7 patches of these basal shales dccur in the north of Dublin, near 4 Garristown, the Naul and Westown, extending east of the* Man- = of-War;” a second at Featherbed-lane station, Baldongan ; and - the third on the sea-shore at Loughshinny, between Rush and = Skerries. The shales of these places are, in many instances, full of fossils, mostly marine shells suchas Aviculopecten papyraceus Posidonomya Becheri and P. membranacea, Goniatites sphericus and Orthoceras Stenhauerit. With these are occasionally asso- ciated fish remains and a few fragmentary stems of fossil plants, , At some of the localities junction-beds between these coal measure shales and the limestone may be observed. -These junction-beds in the list of species are marked with an asterisk On the Paleontology of County Dublin. 179 List oF Fossin LocALItiIeES IN LowrR CoAL MEASURE SHALES, 56. Live 24, 79 7? A little north of the village of Garristown. Townland of Tobergreggan ; junction-beds mentioned in previous list. Do., one mile and a-half W.S.W. of Garristown. Townland of Westown ; quarry a little 8. of the wood. of Knockbrack ; small quarry in the glen. of Kitchenstown ; in a ditch 8. of the road. of Belgee ; quarry a little 8. of the cross-roads. of Balrickard ; junction-beds mentioned n previous list. of Courtlough ; quarry close to road about three quar- ters of a mile N.W. of “ Man- of-War ;” upper part coal measures. of Loughshinny ; junction- jee mentioned in previous lists. List oF FOssILS FROM COAL MEASURE SHALES AT THE ABOVE PLACES, PLANTA. Calamites canneformis, . LD: Plant stems (undetermined), . 58, 59. Mo.uusca : Conchifera. Aviculopecten papyraceus, . 4 0, oe. 00: bys variabilis, . 7 08)..62, Lunulicardia (species undetermined), 58. Posidonomya Becheri, : ~ CONGIY 62: yP) membranacea OOO OS Oe a2: Cephalopoda. Goniatites sphericus, . . © 96, 57,5859, 61. Orthoceras Steinhaueril, . : 56, 57, 7) (species undetermined), 56, 57, 58, 62. ECHINODERMATA. Crinoidea (stems and joints), . 58, 59, CRUSTACEA, Dithyrocaris (species undetermined), 58. The Secondary and Tertiary Rocks are entirely absent from this district, withthe exception of the Pleistocene or Glacial Drift, which extends over the northern portion. Southwards of Malahide this more ancient deposit, called the “Lower Boulder Clay,”* “ becomes covered by the sand and gravel deposit which on the higher * Explanation to sheets 102 and 112, 2nd edition (1875), p. 67. 180 WILLIAM HELIER BAILY grounds formed of the granite and slate is alone present.” Various _ observers have described this more recent deposit, which on the eastern summit of Mount Pelier is found at an altitude of 1,235 feet above the sea, and on the western side of the Three Rock Mountain at an elevation of 1,200 feet. Marine shells of existing species have lately been found by tis - Rev. Maxwell H. Close, near Caldbeck Castle, on Kilmashogue Mountain, at an elevation of a little over 1,200 feet, from a e gravel and sand pit (the “ limestone gravel” of Ireland). The fol- a lowing were collected :—* a Fusus ? part of columella. | Cardium echinatum. Cyprina Islandica. Venus striatula. | » casina ? ‘ Mactra stultorum, with perforations made by a small shell-boring Annelid. , At Ballyedmonduff, on the 8.E. side of the Three Rock Moun- tain, on the road leading from Stepaside to Glencullen, at an elevation of 1,000 feet, from a similar gravel pit, “ chiefly composed of clean stratified gravel and sand,” the same gentleman collected the following ral &e, :-— Trophon muricatus. Fusus ! part of columella. Turritella communis. Ostxea edulis. Pecten (two species). Cardium edule. i echinatum. : Astarte compressa. elliptica. 5 sulcata. Cyprina Islandica. Artemis lincta. ‘ Venus striatula. »» casina. Lutraria elliptica. Mactra stultorum ! Tellina ? Mya truncata ? Pholas crispata. Balanus balanoides aad perforations ascribed to a small shell- boring Annelid. >) * Journal of the Royal Geological Society of Ireland, vol. iv., part 1., new series, p. 36, etc. On the Pulwontology of County Dublin. 181 Fragments of shells were also observed at other places on the Dublin Mountains in similar deposits, the particulars of which are described by the Rey. M. H. Close in the article referred to. Fragments of marine shells have also been collected from coarse yand a little to the cast of Glennasmole, Townland of Corrageen, at about 600 feet above the sea level,* and form a conglomerate of drift pebbles, cemented together by Arragonite (Carbonate of Lime) a little south of Fort or Bohernabreena bridge. At Howth marine shells have been collected and described by Dr. Scouler from the gravel deposits there,t and Dr. Oldham gives a list of others from similar deposits at Killiney, in the County of Dublin, and Bray, County of Wicklow. The following species were identified by Dr. Scouler from Howth :— | | Turritella (terebra) communis. (Turbo littoreus) Littorina littorea (Periwinkle.) (Nerita littoralis) Littorina littoralis. Buccinum undatum. Cardium edule. Cyprina Islandica. Pecten varius. Those named by Dr. Oidham from Killiney, &e., beine— Ostrea edulis. Tellina solidula. Pecten opercularis. Pullastra decussata. Nucula oblonga. Astarte (Gairensis) elliptica. Corbula nucleus 4 Saxicava rugosa. The only remaining fossils to notice are those of Mammalia, found in Pleistocene deposits of freshwater shell marl immediate- ly below the Peat Bogs. The great Ivish deer, Afegaceros Hibernicus, so frequently found in these deposits in Ireland, evidently existed formerly in con- siderable numbers in the neighbourhood of Dublin. Professor Oldham, in a paper read before the Geological Society of Dublin, in 1847,§ records the discovery of the remains of at least thirty * Journal Geol. Soc. of Dublin, vol. vi. p. 144. + Ibid, vol. {., p. 270. t Ibid, vol. iii., p. 69. _ § Journal Geol. Soc. of Dublin, vol. iit, 280 (1848.) .¢) is2 WILLIAM HELLIER BAILY. individuals, accompanied by the head and antlers, with other — Be bones of a Rein Deer, Cervus Tarandus, in the cutting for a drain at Ballybetagh Bog, Kiltiernan, County Dublin, near the boun- dary of the a eenbes of Dublin and Wicklow (sheet 121, ee “ the Geological Survey of Treland). Dr, A. Carte also gives in a paper read before ies same Society *—an account & a skull and antlers of a Rein Deer found on the verge of the Curragha Bog, in the parish of Ballymadun, near Ashbourne, County Dublin (sheet 101 Geological Survey Maps). This fine example, now in the Royal Dublin Society’s Museum, was found in a.very similar deposit to that previously mentioned—namely, imbedded in marl and clay, under a thickness of four or five feet of peat. : From the peculiar shape of the brow antler, vie ooiane a broad vertical plate, centrally situated in front of the head, these specimens are proved to belong to the Caribou, or barren ground — variety, now inhabiting America, between the 63rd and 66th degrees of north nls in the winter, and migrating to the coasts of the Arctic Sea in summer. I1t becomes, therefore, very interesting to meet with evidence of the former existence of this — variety of the Rein Deer in Ireland. * Journal Geol, Soc. of Dublin, vol. x., p. 103 (1863-4.) sea tome B ; - a a es: ao ‘ 7 ¢ ‘ON THE MINERALOGY OF THE COUNTIES OF DUBLIN AND WICKLOW. BY The Rey. SAMUEL HAUGHTON, m.p., Dublin; p.c.u., Oxon.; Professor of Geology in the University of Dublin. {Read March 18, 1878. ]} The most convenient method of describing the minerals that occur in these counties, is to state in succession the minerals that are found in each of the several rock formations, referred to by the Rev. Maxwell Close, in his sketch of the eeeey of the neighbourhood of Dublin. 1. Tee MrIneRALs or THE DusLIN AND WICKLOW GRANITES. These minerals are twofold. (A) The Constituent Minerals, (B) The Accidental Minerals, (A) The Constituent Minerals. The granites of Dublin and Wicklow are quinary, consisting of the following minerals :— 1, Quartz. : | 2, Orthoclase Feldspar. 3. Albite Feldspar. S Margarodite Mica. 5, Lepidomelane Mica. 1, The nee Quartz is grey, watery, transparent, and has a mean specific gravity = 2645. 2. The Constituent Orthoclase Feldspar is milk white, opaque ; ; and has a mean specific gravity = 2°540., Its mean chemical composition, taken from seven specimens, of which three were from Dublin localities, and four from Wick- low localities,is as follows :— | Orthoclase (mean of seven Specimens.) Silica, 64°59 per cent. Alumina ; e 6 PY 18°31 ; ”? Lime, 6 6 9 — 0°25 ” Magnesia, ; ‘ ‘ 0:58 s: Potash, ‘ F < 12°23 - Soda, : 3 3 2:75 es Loss by ignition, . Y 0:58 3 99.29 184 REV. SAMUEL HAUGHTON, M.D., 8. The Constituent Albite Feldspar has, hitherto, been found in separate crystals, in one locality only (Dalkey); but it enters largely into the composition of the granite rocks. Its chemical composition is as follows :— Albite (Dalkey Quarry.) Silica, ‘ : 64:70 per cent. Alumina, : : : 21:80 a WE otash yd aree : : 2°84 s Soda, : ‘ ; a8 e Fluorspar* ; : 0:80 re 99-92 4, The Constituent White Mica (Margarodite) of the granites, often occurs in flat rhombic prisms, or in hexagonal plates, formed ‘from the former by the replacement of the acute angles; the aneles of the lozenges are 120° and 60°; and the erystals are a Biaxial, the plane of the optic axes tracing the major diameter 4 of the lozenge. “a The following measurements of the angle between the optic i axes have been recorded :— “ae 1. Three Rock Mountain, : : Doe 8: a 2. Glendalough, : are 70 4 ages 3. Mount Leinster, : 4 . (Exes) +f 4, Lough Dan, . : : 70 0 a 5. Glenmalure, , : : 67-14 a 6. Poulmounty, . : : 76 15 ae The average chemical composition of the white mica is as 1 follows — . | Z Margarodite (Mean of four specimens.) Silica, : : ; 44-58 per cent. | ee Alumina, : . : 32:13 ss aes Bs Tron peroxide, . 5 . 4-57 s Lime, : : } 0:78 a Magnesia, . ; ‘ 0-76 a Le Potash, ; : : 10°67 ay +o ae ‘Soda, . SE ial ol We tics, eA OD : a Loss by ignition,- - . *. + S34 us Be acagl se OORT Se | The amount of water of crystallisation present in this mineral “a * The Albite was found in small crystals, Ifning cavities in the granite, and encrusting ‘s —erystals of Orthoclase ; and it was associated with similar small crystals of accidental — purple fluorspar, from which it was separated with difficulty. . Bae’ On the Mineralogy of Dublin and Wicklow. 185 separates it completely from Muscovite, of which it is considered by Dana to be an altered variety, 5. The Constituent Black Mica (Lepidomelanc) of the granites occurs in hexagonal plates, and is Uniaxial. Near Ballyellin, (Co. Carlow) it is found associated with Margarodite in large plates ; these plates are formed in about equal parts, of Lepidomelane and Margarodite, which fit into each other at angles of 120°— This fitting is purely mechanical and due t6 the fact that the angles of the Margarodite lozenges are 60° and 120.° - Lepidome- lane is essentially an ivon-potash mica, and ig distinct from Biotite, which is an iron magnesia mica. It is completely decomposed by hydrochloric acid. It has the followin g chernical composition :—- Black Mica (Lepidomelane.) Silica, : ° : 35°59 per cent. Alumina, : : > 17.08 if Tron peroxide, . roe gee 2054.0) BA Lime, : ° : 0-61 ‘A Magnesia, 4 5 : 307 Ss Potash, : . ‘ 9°45 . Soda, , : : O23 0: eae Tron protoxide, . : s 30D ‘ Manganese protoxide, 1:95 s Loss by ignition, ° 4°30 5 99°61 The granite axis of Leinster runs from Rockabill to Poulmounty, N.N.E. to S.S.W., a distance of 90 miles, Eleven specimens taken at about equal intervals along this axis gave the following mean chemical composition :— Average Leinster Granite. Silica, : , - °42°07 per cent. Alumina, , : Ae Ole 2A Tron peroxide, ; ; ce DEO es eee a Lime, : : : G3 oe. Magnesia, . : 3 O33", Potash, . : ; Cl aa ae Soda, : ; 5 Deas it Loss by Ignition, . ‘ ; LODE says 100-08 From this table, combined with the preceding tables, we obtain 4 186 ~ Rev. SAMUEL HAUGHTON, MD., the following simultaneous equations, to determine the per-cent- ages of the constituent minerals in the average granite :— Let @ = the per-centage of Quartz. C pans “ Orthoclase. Je aia yi A lbite. W s,, be White Mica. A ae ce aes, | Black Mica. — (ly) Silica, «is 4 e 7207 =100 Q+64:95 04+64:70 A+4458 W+35°55 B, x2) Alumina, 4 e 1481=> — 1881 0421°80 A+32:18 W+1708 B. (8) Iron peroxide,. . Wag Ss — — 4:57 W+ -23°7 B. (4) Lime... ote 16R SH 0-98:0.0 eee (5) Magnesia, * a 33 = — 0580 — 0-76 W+ 3:07 B. (6) Potash, . : < 5ll = — 12:23 0+ 2:84 A+1067 W+ 9:45 B. (i) Soda,t-. ; ‘ 279 = — 27504 9°837A+ 095 W+ 035 B. . (8) Loss by ignition, . 109 = — — — 534 W+ 4:30 B. If we select the four equations containing the largest per-cent- ages, viz—The alumina, potash, soda, and iron peroxide equations, we find after several reductions— A =180 + 0-156 W + 0-191 B. O = 37°65 — 0:909 W — 0°819 B. These equations show the manner in which the two feldspars are related to the two micas. We find finally— » pio 50-81)" percent, ile ee O= 1544 7 | Ai2240. Inserting these values into the last seven equations, we ob- tain— _ —_— Observed. Calculated. Diff, Alumina, é . i 1481 1476:06 44-94 Tron peroxide, . ; : 225 224-99 +0:01 Lime, . 4 . 163 22°28 +140-72 Magnesia, . . 33 41:27 —8-27 Potash, . ° . 511 511°45 —0-45 Soda, . . . 279 280°64 —1°64 Loss by ignition, . 109 126-89 — 17°89 The agreement between calculation and observation is as close as could be expected ; and the errors in the magnesia and loss by ignition, are, doubtless, errors of observation, due to the small inagnitudes to be ascertained. The excess in the limeis real, and must be accounted for by the existence of a small qe of paste, in the form of a silicate of lime. On the Mineralogy of Dublin and Wicklow. 187 _ The quantity of silica required to saturate 140°72 parts of lime is about 351'8 ; from which we infer that the paste amounts to 4.92 per-cent. of the rock. The mean composition of the Leinster Granite is, therefore, as follows :— Quartz, ° . . 32°57 per cent. Orthoclase, “ : . 15°44 Pe Albite, : - ‘ 22°10 5 Margarodite, . : a L916 33 Lepidomelane ° ° . 5°81 ¥ Paste (silicate of lime) . 2 4-92 a 100-00 (B) The accidental Minerals found occasionally 1 in the Dublin and Wicklow Granites are :— Ber yl, e 3 ® Spodumene, .« . Killinite* (altered - Spodwmene). BORO, ws : Garnet, ° ° . Fluorspar, . ; Apatite, ° ° A sone E 2 Pale, greenish, ene erystals. Loe. Dalkey, Killiney, Glenmalure, Plevna te: Long, bent, greenish grey, prisms. Loe. ‘Killiney. Fibr aoe light green to brownish velo brittle ; sp. gr.. 2°56. | | Loe. Killiney. Black. Loc. Clarinda Park, Kingstown ; Dalkey, Three Rock Mountain, Stillorgan, Roundwood, Glen- malure, Poulmounty. — ‘ Small red and brilliant crystals. Loc. Dalkey, Killiney. Cinnamon colour. a Loc. Glenmalure, Kilranelagh. Small cubes. Loc. Golden Bridge. — Octohedra, lining cavities. Loe. Dalkey Island, Dalkey Quarry. Light green, tr anslucent, hexagonal prisms, with lateral edges replaced. Loc. Three Rock Mountain, Killiney Hill. Loe. ‘Dundrum, Luganure. 2. THE MINERALS OF THE METAMORPHIC SLATES OF PURE AND WICKLOW.t: In addition to the Micas and Hornblende forming constituent % The so-called Killinite is an altered spodumene, from which the lithia has deen washed out by weathering. + The absence of Garnet, Idocrase, and other lime minerals from the metamorphic slates of Leinster is remarkable and very different from what is observed in Donegal and elsewhere. 188 REV. SAMUEL HAUGHTON, M.D., elements of the Metamorphic Slates, the follows ring minerals: are occasionally found :— Andalusite, .« . Loc. Lugduff, Douce, Luganure, Glendalough, Glen- _ malure. Chiastolite (variety Loc. Killiney, Ahan Baltinglass Hill. . of Andalusite), Staurotide, . ~-. Loc. Killiney, Glenmalure. Hornblende, . . Radiated-? ; Loc. Killiskey, 4 Crystallized, dark green. Loe. Renee ‘oh. Jasper-agate,. . Loc. Lamhay Teal Mocha Stone, . Loe. In pebblesfound onthesea-beach, Co. Wicklow. ZUVCON, . . . Loe. Croghan Kinshela. Bait | Gold, . E . Loc. Croghan Kinshela. | Magnetite, . . Loe. Croghan Kinshela. . Chlorite, : . Loc. Gienmacanas ; Howth. . ; i DUEL, >= : . Smali rolled grains. Sie ; 5 aie 8 - Loe. Croghan Kinshela. | Platinum, . ‘ . Loe. Croghan Kinshela. ‘ Wood-tin, . . . Loe. Croghan Kinshela. 3. THE MINERALS OF THE CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE OF | THE Co. DUBLIN. ‘ “ eo. are ie ‘The Minerals found, occasionally, in the Calp limestone and Lower limestone of the Co. Dublin are few in number. Among o oe them may be mentioned :— é ; Lydian Stone,. . Calp limestone (passim). S fron Pyrites, - Well formed crystals, occurring in sheets, lining joints in the Calp limestone.. . Asphaltum, . . Solid, opaque, resinous black lustre, conchoidal ee fracture. a Loc. Castleknock. ae Anthraconite, - Loc. Castleknock. > Sie : 4, MINERALS FOUND IN THE MINES OF THE COUNTY WICKLOW | ‘ AND County DUBLIN. ‘ = a Tron Pyrites, - Loc. Sulphur mines, Vale of Avoca. ical Fluorspar, . . Large yellow and pale violet blue cubes. oes Glendalough mine. Scheferspar, . Loc. Luganure “mines. 3 Barytes, . Loc, Killiney Hill; Luganure mine; Glenmalure mine; Clontarf. a ab ea Native Silver, - Loc. Ballycorus mine. Horn Silver. . + Loc. Ballycorus mine. On the Mineralogy of Dublin and Wicklow. 189 Brown Hematite, . Manganese Oxides, Native Copper, Copper Pyrites, Tinstone, Carbonate of Lead, Sulphate of Lead, . Phosphate of Leal, Galena, : Blende, : Loe Loc Loe Loc. Loe . Glenasplinkeen. . Glenasplinkeen ; Howth. . Cronebawn ; Ballymurtagh. Cronebawn ; Ballymurtagh ; Avoca. . Croghan Kinshela, in small rolled fragments and detached worn crystals. Loc. Loc. Loe. Loc. Loc. Luganure mines. Luganure ; Ballycorus. Glenmalure. Ballycorus ; Luganure ; Glendalough. Clontarf; Glenmalure. CATALOGUE OF THE FLOWERING PLANTS AND FERNS OF DUBLIN AND WICKLOW. BY ; , DAVID MOORE, pPu.p., F.u.8., AND A, G. MORE, ¥.u3s, [Read March 18th, 1878.] (Arranged in the order of the ‘‘ London Catalogue,” 7th ed. The signs prefixed to the specific names are used to show that the plants are } possibly { probably or * certainly, introduced. The brackets enclose such species as occur close to gardens or cultivation, or are not thoroughly established.) 3 1. Ranunculacee. Clematis. [Vitalba. Linn. | D. Sandhills at Portrane ; a doubtful na- tive. Hedges near Dublin (planted). Thalictrum. minus Linn. D. Sandhills at Malahide, Baldoyle, ete. W. Coast of Wicklow, in several places, but local. flavum. Linn. W. Marshy fields, Murrough of Wicklow.’ Anemone. nemorosa. Linn. D. and W. Common. [apennina. Linn.] D. Abundant at Delville, Glasnevin. Originally planted. Adonis. [autumnalis. Linn.]| D. Howth. Dundrum.. W. Near Enniskerry. Not found for many years in either county. Ranunculus. circinatus. Sibth. D. Pools and streams. Rare. In the Liffey at Chapelizod and Straffan. peltatus. Fries. 6. floribundus. Bab. D. Near Dublin. ce. penicillatus. Hier. D. Liffey, near Chapelizod. trichophyllus. Chaix. D. and W. Frequent. Lenormandi. F.Schultz.D. Near Raheny, etc. W. Frequent. hederaceus. Linn. D. and W. Common. sceleratus. Linn. D. and W. - Not unfrequent. Flammula. Linn. D. and W. Very common. Lingua. Linn. D. Curragha Bog and Raheny (Irish Flora.) W. Marsh ditches on the Murrough of Wicklow. auricomus. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. ee acris. Linn. D. and W. Abundant. The ordinary ; plant in Ireland is R. tomophyl- ‘ lus of Jordan. | - repens. Linn. D. and W. Abundant. i) bulbosus. Linn. D. and W. Common. Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow, 191 Ranunculus. parviflorus. Linn. tarvensis. Linn. Ficaria. Linn. Caltha. palustris. Linn: Aquilegia. ; Tvulgaris. Linn. Delphinium. [Ajacis. Reich. ] 3) ~ Nympheea. alba. Linn. Nuphar. Juteum. Sm. 4. Papaver. [somniferum, Linn. | {Rheas. Linn. *dubium. Linn. b. Lecoqui. Lam. tArgemone. Linn. thybridum, Linn. Meconopsis. cambrica, Vig. Glaucium. luteum. Scop. Chelidonium. *majus, Linn. D. Milltown. Howth. Greenhills. W. River side at Bray (Wade), __-where it still grows. D. Near the “ Man-cf-War,” and Ra- heny. Corn-fields near Balbrig- gan. (Templeton MS.) D. and W. Abundant. | D. and W. Common. D. At the Waterfall, Leixlip; Knock- maroon Hill. (Ir. Fl.) Hedges near Finglas and Glasnevin. Portmarnock. Introduced. . Nympheacee. D. Royal Canal, etc. Ratherrare. W. Not unfrequent in the lakes and streams, Lough Dan, ete. D. and W. Local. Papaveraceee. D. Baldoyle, etc. Near Dublin. Not indigenous. ; D. and W. Frequent, and increasing. D. and W. Not unfrequent. D. Baldoyle. D. Rush. Kailbarrack. Baldoyle. Ca- binteely, etc. Rare. W. Coast near Wicklow. D. Finglas Quarries. Baldoyle. Rush. . eke W. Murrough of Wick- ow. W. Dargle, Powerscourt, and Devil’s Glen, Wicklow. Maulin. Mountain. (W. Archer.) D. and W. Frequent on the coast. D. and W. Rare. 4* Fumariacer. - Corydalis. claviculata. D.C. W. Very local. Powerscourt. Ennis- kerry ; Kilmartin ; Bray Head, 192 Davip Moores, Px.D., F.LS., Aanp A. G, Mong, F.LS. Fumaria. _ pallidiflora. Jord.. W. Fassaroe, near Bony (R. M. B,) tconfusa. Jord. D. and W. Frequent. tofficinalis. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. ‘ 5: Crucifere. 4 Cakile. 4 maritima. Scop. ‘D. and W. Sandy sea-shore. Com- . mon, ; % Crambe. ar maritima. Linn. D. Formerlv near Malahide, Howth, a and Kingstown, ‘and Killiney. ~% Not seen lately. % W. Murrough of Wicklow. Very rare. ae Raphanus. ; +Raphanistrum. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. maritimus. Sm. . OD. South side of Howth. W. At Grey. stones, once gathered near the : Railway Station. Sinapis. x tarvensis. Linn. D. and W. Common. x talba. Linn. D. Portmarnock, near Dublin. Rush, — | Skerries, and Swords. (Ir. Flor.) W. Near Bray, etc. Not unfrequent. | tnigra. Linn. 1s ang. Wy. avare; Brassica. oat : 2 [adpressa. Boiss.]} D. Portmarnock. (H. C. Hart.) | Diplotaxis. | vee tmuralis. D.C. D. Portmarnock and Baldoyle. Sisymbrium. eae officinale. Scop. D. and W. Common. tSophia. Linn. D. and. W. Sandy fields near the coast. Frequent. tIrio. Linn. D. Near Dublin only. - Common about Dublin, Glasnevin, Clontarf, etc. Alliaria. Scop. D. and W. Abundant about Dublin ; also near Powerscourt, St. Valerie, near Bray, etc. Hesperis. : *matronalis. Linn. |§ W. Woods near Poolaphouca. | Well es- tablished in one spot on south side of the Dargle (R.M.B.) Cheiranthus. *Cheiri. Linn. . and W. Old walls and ruins. Cardamine. D pratensis. Linn. D. and W. Common. -~ hirsuta. Linn. D. and W. Common. 6. sylvatica. Link. D, and W. Not uncommon. Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow. 193 Arabis. Thaliana. Linn. D. Plentiful on south side of Howth. hirsuta. Brown. D. and W. Local and rare. | Camelina sativa, Linn.. Has occurred at Fassaroe occasionally as a weed of cultivation. Barbarea. vulgaris. Brown. D. and W. Frequent. [preecox. Brown.] D. Well established on a wall at Lucan. Nasturtium. officinale. Brown. D. and W. Common. palustre. De Cand. D. and W. Rather rare. amphibium. Brown. W. Murrough of Wicklow. Armoracia. [rusticana.- Bab. ] D. and W. Waste Ground. Occasional. Cochlearia. officinalis. Linn. D. and W. Common. danica, Linn. D. and W. Rare. Draba. -_ verna. Linn. D. and W. Common. Alyssum. : {calycinum. Linn.| D. Portmarnock. Berteroa. ‘ , [incana. D.C.| D. Portmarnock. Thlaspi. tarvense. Linn. © D. and W. Very rare; introduced: with the crops. Capsella. Bursa-pastoris. Moench.D. and W. Very common. Lepidium. , {ruderale. Linn. ] D. North. Wall, and near Kilbarrack Church. Not seen for many years. + campestre. Brown. D, Dundrum and Blanchardstown. Smithii, Hook. Dd. and W. Frequent, Senebiera. — tdidyma. Pers. D. Very local; ; occasionally alone Dublin. + Coronopus, Poiret. D. and W. Local. 6: Resedacese, Reseda, tlutea. Linn. D, Very rare. Chapelizod, Knockmaroon, Rush, Malahide, etc. Luteola. Linn. =‘ D. and W. Frequent. [suffruticulosa. Linn:|Well established at Portmarnock. 8. Violaces, Viola. palustris. Linn. - “Ds and. W. Frequent i in hilly and ne bogay | districts. 194 DAVID Moors, Pu.D., F.LS., anp A, G. More, ELS. Viola. *odorata. Linn. D. and W. rare, and introduced. hirta,;Adanaes = D. Portrane; Portmarnock ; Howth; Lam- bay ; Knockmar ron 3 ‘Phoenix Park. sylvatica. Fries. a. Riviniana. Reich. D. and W. Common. b. Reichenbachiana. D. and W. Frequent. canina, Fries. =D. Portmarnock and Portrane. W. a ; Murrough of Wicklow. a tricolor. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. 2 ‘a b. arvensis. Murr. D. and W. Cultivatedland. Not unfree quent. ‘ Curtisi. Forster. D. Baldoyle, Portmarnock, Portrane ; a Rush, etc. W. Sandy coast of ;. Wicklow in many places. a lutea. Huds. D. Hill of Lyons. W. Near Kilbride, on the banks of the King’s River. 9, Droseracee. | ~ Drosera. | ei rotundifolia. Linn, D. and W. Frequent. o 10. Polygalaceze. Polygala. vulgaris. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. b. depressa Wend. D. and W. Heaths ete. Common. c.oxyptera. Reich.W. Sandhills near Arklow. 12, fein | | Saponaria. sete 08 D.. Along the River Dodder, a *officinalis, Jinn. W. Well established between Bray and Enniskerry, and other places. _ Silene. . inflata. Sm. D. and W. Frequent. 7 maritima. With. D. and W. Common. a [conica. Linn. | Portmarnock. Very rare, and introduced, — a . *anglica, Linn. D. Portmarnock. Introduced. Lychnis. tvespertina. Sibth. D. and W. Local and rare. diurna, Sibth. D. and W. Frequent. Flos-cuculi. Linn. D. and W. Common. tGithago. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Cerastium. : tetrandum, Curt. D, and W. Sandy gr — near’ the sea. : tS OY. saat ed requent..) ia D pomideciarais Linn, D, and W. Sand hills on the coast. Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow, 195 Cerastium. glomeratum. Thuil. D. and W. Common. triviale. Link. D. and W. Common. arvense. Linn. D. Coast of Dublin. Not unfrequent. W. Walls and banks near Greystones, Stellaria. media. Linn. D. and. W. Very common. b. Boreana, Jord. D. and W. Sand hills at Portrane and Portmarnock. Holostea — Linn. D. and W. Frequent. glauca. With. D. Kelly’s Glen. (D.M.). Curragha (Wade). W? Glencree? and Murrough of Wicklow? (D.M.) graminea, Linn. D. and W. Common. uliginosa. Murr. D. and W. Frequent. Arenaria. trinervis. Linn. D. and W. Rather rare. serpyllifolia. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. b. leptoclados. Guss. D. and W. Frequent. Honkeneya. peploides. Ehrh., D. and W. Frequent. Sagina. maritima. Don. D. and W. Frequent. apetala, Linn. D. and W. Frequent. ciliata. Fries. D. and W.- Frequent. procumbens. Linn, D. and W. Common. nodosa, Meyer. D. Damp hollows in the sandhills at Portrane and Portmarnock. W. Sandhills of Wicklow, Spergula. oe garvensis, — Linn. D Spergularia. neglecta. Kindb. D. and W. Common on sea-shore, marginata. Wabl. D. and W. Common inwetsaltmarshes. rupicola, Lebel. D. and W. Frequent on rocks by thesea. . and W. Common. 12, Illecebrace. Scleranthus. annuus. Linn. Local and rare. D. Baldoyle and Howth, W. Murrough of Wicklow. 13. Portulacacez. Montia. fontana. Linn. D. and W. Common, 6. rivularis. Gm. Not unfrequent. 16, Hypericacer. ‘Hypericum. Androsemum, Jinn, D, and W, Frequent. 196 Davip Moors, Pu_D., F.LS, anp A. G. More, F.LS. Hypericum. | fe [calycinum. Linn.| Powerscourt, &c., naturalized. | perforatum. Linn. D. and W. Common. z dubium. Leers. W. Powerscourt ? (Mackay) ; not found : eas lately. Ovoca near the station. humifusum. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. pulchrum. Linn. J. and W. Frequent. hirsutum. Linn. D. Leixlip. Woodlands. Santry. Near Canal, from Dublin to Robertstown. Elodes. Linn. D. and W. Not unfrequent. 17. Malvacee. Altheea. : fofficinalis, Linn.] Near Cabragh, Dublin. (Wade, Rar.) Introduced, Lavatera. tarborea. Linn. D. Iveland’s Eye. Killiney Hill. Malva. } moschata. Linn. W. Murrough of Wicklow, and near Enniskerry. Wooden- Bridge. (e F1.) sylvestris. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. rotundifolia. Linn. D. and W. Rather rare. [borealis, Wallm.] Donnybrook. (M. Dowd.) 19. Linacee. Radiola. fmillegrana. Sm. ] D1? Between Dolphin’s barn and Crum- — lin. (Threlkeld.) Not seen by any | botanist recently. Linum. catharticum. Linn. — D. and W. Common. angustifolium. Hud. D. and W. Very local, and chiefly near the Coast. 20, Geraniaceze. Geranium. | sanguineum. Linn. D. Howth. Ireland’s Eye. Lambay. Killmey. W. Kullencarrig and Bray. (Ir. Flor.) : ‘fpratense. Linn. | Powerscourt Gate at Tinnehinch, and roadside near old Connaught, escaped (R.M.B.) tpyrenaicum. Linn, D. and W. Not unfrequent in hedge | banks, el by roadsides. molle. Linn. > D. and W. Common. “4 ¢pusillum. Linn. D. Near Kilmacanogue, Wicklow. — # (Flor. Hib.) Not found since. . ae rotundifolium. Linn. D. Old walls at Glasnevin. Finglas. i, Ballymun, ete. (Ir. Flor.) ‘Now be- - come very scarce. Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow. 197 Geranium. dissectum. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. columbinum. Linn. D. Many places near Dublin. W. Murrough of Wicklow. lucidum, Linn. D. Feltrim Hill. W. Wood near New- townmountkennedy and Devil’s Glen. [striatum. Linn. | Well established along the road betweeu old Connaughtand Crinken. (R.M.B.) Robertianum. Linn. D. and W. Common. Erodium. cicutarium. L’Herit. D. and W. Frequent. +moschatum. L’Herit. D. Howth, &c., Dublin. W. Bray, &e. maritimum. Sri. D. Killiney. Howth. Oxalis. D Acetosella, Linn. . and W. Frequent. 21. Llicacese. Tex. Aquifolium. Linn. OD. and W. Frequent. : 22, Celastracez. Euonymus. ) europeus, Linn. D. and W.. Not unfrequent. 23. Rhamnacezx. Rhamnus. catharticus. Linn. W. Luggelaw, Hedges on Murrough of Wicklow. Frangula, Linn. W. Hedges on Murrough of Wicklow. : 24. Sapindacee. Acer. *Pseudoplatanus. Linn. D. and W. Frequent, but not native. jcampestre. Linn. Hedges on north side of Dublin. Bally- cullen, Glasnevin, and Ballymun. 25, Leguminosee. Ulex. europeus. Linn. D. and W. Common. Galli. Planch. D. and W. Common. Sarothamuus. scoparius. Koch. D. and W. Frequent. b, prostratus. Killiney Hill and Howth. Seems to have been mistaken for Genista tinctoria. Ononis. arvensis. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Anthyllis. Vulneraria, Linn. D, and W. Chiefly on the coast. P 198° DavIp Moors, Pu.D., F.LS., anp A. G. Morg, F.LS. Medicago. lupulina. Linn. *sativa. Linn. [ falcata. Linn.] [denticulata. Willd] -[maculata. Sibth. ] Melilotus. tofficinalis, Willd, Trigonella. ornithopodioides. D.C. Trifolium. subterraneum. Linn. pratense. Linn. medium. Linn. arvense. Linn. striatum. Linn. scabrum. Linn. glomeratum, Linn. repens. Linn. fragiferum. Linn. procumbens. Linn. minus. Relhan. filiforme. Linn. Lotus. corniculatus. Linn. 6. tenuis. Kit. major. Scop. Ornithopus. perpusillus. Linn. | Vicia. hirsuta. Koch. 1, p. (SOS SS 4a0eSraro2 shoks) and W. Abundant. Portmarnock. (Flor. Hib.) Plentiful near Rush. Portmarnock. (Flor. Hib.); and still q occurs. +e Between Dolphin’s harn and Crumlin, . -once only. Between Dolphin’s barn and Crumlin, with the former introduced. | About Rush, Portmarnock, Kilbar- rack, Baldoyle, &c., chiefly on the coast. W. At Fassaroe occasionally, R. M. B. Howth, near the lighthouse. Kulli- ney Hill. W. Near the river at Bray and AUNLESE | 1, and Castle of at Wicklow. ‘<5 . North bank of the river at Wicklow. and W. Common. . Slopes of Dublin mountains. . Near the shore at Rockfield. and W. Rather rare on the coast. . Abundant on Feltrim Hill. Dundrum. . Murrough and river-side at Wicklow. . Kuilbarrack, Howth, North Bull, &. . Along the Murrough of Wicklow. — . By the river side at Wicklow, with T. subterraneum. and W. Common. _ and W. Very local, and chiefly on the coast, or along the tidal rivers. and W. Frequent. and W. Common. and W. Rather rare. . and W. Common. — . Cloghran, co. Dublin. (D. om) , and W. Frequent. Near the lighthouse, and other places on the south side of Hill of Howth. Plentiful S.E. side of Howth. W. Not wncommonabout Bray (R. M. B.) 4 Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow. 199 Vicia. + ‘ {tetrasperma. Cracca. sylvatica. Sepium. [ sativa, Linn. Linn, Linn. Linn. angustifolia. Roth. lathyroides. Linn. Lathyrus. pratensis. Linn. palustris. Orobus. Linn. tuberosus. Linn. Prunus. spinosa. Linn. [insititia. Linn. | tAvium, Linn. +Cerasus, Spiraea. Ulmaria. Linn. Agrimonia. Eupatoria. Linn. b. odorata. Mill, Poterium. Sanguisorba. Linn. Alchemilla. arvensis. vulgaris. Scop. Linn, alpina. Linn. Potentilla. Moench.D. D. 15, 4uo Very rare. Once found on Knockma- roon Hill. and W. Common. . Killiney and Ballinascorney. W. Rockfield and Devil’s Glen. South side of Dargle (R. M. B.) and W. Common. An escape. and W. Frequent on the coast. ‘Clontarf, Baldoyle, Howth. . Sandhills near the Wicklow light- house (D. M.) BD: D. and W. Frequent. W. Marshy fields at Killoughter, near the Murroughof Wicklow, Not found recently, and W, Frequent, . 26. Rosacese. D. and W. Common. D.andW. Occasionally planted in hedges. D. Eek dee 1s Fragariastrum, Hhrh.D. Tormentilla. Sibth, reptans, anserina, Linn. » Linn, D. Ad to) and W. Frequent in Wicklow and Dublin. Occasionally in hedges. . and W. Common... . and W. Local. . Near Enniskerry. Local.. Near. Dublin. Knockmaroon Hill, Feltrim Hill, Raheny, &c. W. About Fassaroe and in. Herbert Road, near Bray (R. M. B.) and W. Frequent. and W. Rather rare, and local. . Cliffs above Lough Ouler. H. C. Hart. and W. Common. and W. Common. and W. Frequent. ~ and W. Common. 900 Davrip Moors, Pa.D., F.LS., Aanp A. G. Mors, F.L:S. Comarum. palustre. Linn. D. ‘and W. Local. Fragaria. vesca. Linn. D, and W. Frequent. Rubus. idaeus. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. plicatus. W.and N. W. Near Roundwood. a discolor. W.and N. D. and W. Frequent. : macrophyllus. | c.Schlechtendali. Weihe. W. Wicklow (C.C. Babington.) rudis. Weihe. W. Wicklow. corylifolius. Sm. W. Wicklow. saxatilis, Linn. D. Kelly’s Glen. W. River side in the Dargle (Irish Flora.) Geum. urbanum. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. = rivale. Linn. D. and W. Local and uncommon. Banks of Liffey. Santry and Kilmere Woods (Ir. Fl.) Rosa. spinosissima. Linn. D. and W. Frequent near the sea. tomentosa. Sm. D. and W. Not common. b .britannica. Desegl. W. St. Valerie and Dargle (R.M.B. — canina. Linn. D. and W. Common. arvensis. Huds. D. and W. Frequent. Crataegus. Oxyacantha. Linn. JD. and W. Common. Pyrus. Aria. Hooker. D. Howth (Wade. Rar.) W. Glencree. Aucuparia. Gaert. D. and W. Frequent. tMalus. Linn. D. and W. Not common, and an escape, or planted. 27. Lythracee. Lythrum. Salicaria. Linn, D. and W. Common. Peplis. ; Portula. Linn. D. and W. Common. 4 28. Onagracee. “y Epilobium. t angustifolium. Linn. W. Among rocks on east side of the Scalp of about half way up. hirsutum. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. parviflorum. Schreb. D. and W. Common. montanum. Linn. 1D. and W. Common. tetragonum. Linn. JD. Carrickmines. (Prof. A. Dickson.) b. obscurum, Schreb. D. and W. Common. Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow, 201 Epilobium. palustre. Linn. D. and W. Common. [ Ginothera. biennis. Linn. D. Sparingly at Portmarnock (R.M.B.)] Circa. lutetiana. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. 28. Haloragazcee. Myriophyllum. verticillatum. Linn. D. Near Finglas Bridge, and ditches. along the canal. W. Ditches on Murrough of Wicklow. spicatum. Linn. D. and W. Frequent in ponds. alterniflorum. D. and W. Frequent in boggy places. Hippuris. vulgaris. Linn. . and W. Frequent. Callitriche. D D verna. Linn. . and W. Common. stagnalis. Scop. D. and W. Common. hamulata. Kiitz. W. Lough Dan. (A.G.M.) 30. Grossulariacez. [ Ribes. Grossularia. Linn. The-three species occur occasionally as rubrum. Linn. escapes from cultivation near cot- nigrum. Linn. tages, etc. | 31. Crassulaceee. Sedum. anglicum. Huds. D. and W. Frequent. acre. Linn. D. and W. Abundant. *reflexum. Linn. D. Walls near Finglas and Chapelizod, Dublin. (Flor. Hib.) *rupestre. Huds. D. Walls between Dundrum and Rath- farnham, Dublin. W. Rocks near the new church, Bray. Cotyledon. Umbilicus. Linn. D. and W. Common. 32, Saxifragaces. Saxifraga. stellaris. Linn. D. and W. Dublin and Wicklow Moun- tains. tridactylites. Linn. OD. and W. Rare. granulata. Linn. D. Kilbarrack, Baldoyle, and Portmar- nock. W. Sandhills near Mizen Head. Chrysosplenium. oppositifolium. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. 202 ‘Davip Moors, Pu.D., F.LS.,, anp A, G, Mors, F.LS. Parnassia. | : a palustris. D. and W. On Sandhills and mountain es not unfrequent. ae , | 33. Umbellifere. Hydrocotyle. | vulgaris, Linn. D. and W. Common. Sanicula. europea. Linn. Eryngium. maritimum. ; - Linn. Axpim (ae sraveolens. Linn. Hélesciadium. D. and W. Frequent. D D nodiflorum. Koch. D. and W. Common. D D and W. Frequent. - a . and W. Common near the sea. inundatum. Koch. ; ancl AV, Not unfr eqirent. Aigopodium. t Podagraria. Linn. . Rare. W.St. Valerie, Bray (R.M.B.) Roundwood and near Lough Dan. Carum. [Carui. Linn] Accidentally introduced. Bunium. flexuosum. With. D.and W. Frequent.. Pimpinella. " Saxifraga. Linn. D. and W. Common. Sium. ; ~ latifolium. Linn. D. Curragha and Howth (Wade. Rar.) angustifolium. Linn. D. Near Finglas; Raheny ; Curragha. W. ARTE of Wicklow. CEinanthe. ie See _ fistulosa. Linn. ‘ Deaind W.- Frequent, Lachenalii. Gmel. © D. and W. Common in salt-marshes. crocata. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Phellandrium. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Aathusa. ¢ Cynapium, Linn, D. and W. Common. Foeniculum. t vulgare. Gaert. D. and W. In Wicklow and Dublin ; near houses, especially towards the coast. Crithmum. 7 maritimum. Linn. oD. and W. Frequent on rocky shores, Angelica. : sylvestris. Linn. =D. and W. Common. Pastinaca. | | ae tsativa. Linn. . D. Finglas, Ballygall, Beldrummond, “ee Rush, Howth, &e. my W. Fields near Murrough of Wicklow. Lots Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow. 208 Heracleum. Sphondylum. Linn. D. Daucus. Carota. Linn. D. Torilis. Anthriscus. Gaert. DD. nodosa. Gaert. D. Cherophyllum. Anthriscus. Lam. ip: - and W. Common. and W. Common. and W. Frequent. and W., Not unfrequent. Sandhills at Portrane and Portmar- nock, and about Dublin. W Murrough of Wicklow. sylvestre. Linn. D. and W. Common. temulum., Linn. D. Coolock. Ballinteer. Raheny. Glasnevin. Donnybrook. Old Connaught. W. Herbert Road, Bray. (R.M.B. Myrrhis. *odorata. Scop. D. Orchards and hedges in Dublin. (Wade). Not seen recently. Seandix. : +Pecten-Veneris. Linn D. and W. Frequent in cultivated fields, Conium. maculatum. Linn. OD. and W. Hedges and waste places. — Smyrnium. - : tOlusatrum. Linn. OD. and W. Frequent. Coriandrum. [sativum., Linn. | Rare, and only asan escape from cultiva- tion. 34. Araliacese. Hedera. Helix. Linn. D. and W. Common. 39. Cornacee. Cornus. D. Hedges near Coolock. (Ir. Flor.) *sanguinea, Linn. No doubt planted. 37. Caprifoliaceze. Sambucus. nigra. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. fEbulus, Linn. D. Roadsides towards Carton. A weed in Phoenix Park. W. Powers- court. (Flor. Hib.) Near the Dargle bridge and roadside near Bray. (R.M. B) Viburnum. Opulus. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Lonicera. Periclymenum. Linn. D. and W. Common. 204 Davip Moons, PuD., F.L.S., AnD A. G. Mors, F.LS. 38. Rubiacee. Rubia. peregrina. Linn. D. Killiney. Dalkey. Howth. Galium. verum. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. erectum. Huds. . D. Very rare. Stagstown. Killiney. — and Violet Hill, Glasnevin. Mollugo. Linn. D. Between Swords and Skerries. Bally- mun. Between Finglas, and Glas- nevin. Sandymount. W. Vallom- brosa, Bray. saxatile. Linn. D. and W. Common on heath and mountains. palustre. Linn. D. and W. Common. [tuliginosum. lLinn.| W? Not found recently, and probably G. Witheringii was mistaken for it. Aparine. Linn. D. and W. Common. Asperula. odorata. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Sherardia. arvensis. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. 39. Valerianacesze. Centranthus. D. Quarries near Leixlip, and at Howth. (ruber. D.C.] Walls at Glasnevin, Clontarf, Cabra, Lucan (Irish Flora). Valeriana. officinalis. Linn. D, and W. Frequent. Valerianella. olitoria. Vahl. D. and W. Frequent, tdentata. Koch. D. Feltrim Hill. Baldoyle. W. Bray. 40. Dipsacez. Dipsacus. sylvestris. Linn. D. Rare. Raheny. Cardiff's Bridge. Banks of Tolka. Raheny. Kil- barrack. Clontarf. Swords, ete. Scabiosa. succisa. Linn. D. and W. Common. arvensis. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. 41. Composite. 4 Silybum. D. Kilbarrack and Portmarnock, &e. u *Marianum. Gaert. W. Very rare on the coast, near Wicklow. R Carduus, | a tenuiflorus. Curt. D. and W. Frequent, especially near 7 ; the coast. Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow. 205 Rare, about Dublin and northwards. and W. Common. and W. Common. — About Marley. (Irish Flora.) W. Glencree and about Loughs Bray and Dan. D. and W. Common. D. D. D. D. D. and W. Frequent, especially on coast. 6.intermedium.Lange.D. and W. Frequent. Carduus. crispus. Linn. lanceolatus. Linn. palustris. Linn. pratensis. Huds. arvensis. Curtis. Carlina. vulgaris. Linn. Arctium. minus. Schkuhr. Centaurea. nigra. Linn. Scabiosa. Linn. *Cyanus. Linn. solstitialis. Linn. ] paniculata. Linn. | Chrysanthemum. ? : tSegetum. Linn. Leucanthemum. Linn. D. and W. Matricaria. | Parthenium. Linn. | inodora. Linn. D. and W. Common... D. Rare. Rush. Chapelizod. Lucan. Finglas. Glasnevin, Santry, d&. W. Herbert Road, Bray. (R.M.B.) Greystones and Kilcool. D. and W. Rather rare. Portmarnock and Clontarf. (Flor. Hib.) A single plant near Rush. (M. Dowd.) D. and W. Frequent, especially on sand. Common. An escape from cultivation. D. and W. Common. 6. maritima, Linn. D. and W. Common. ¢Chamomilla, Linn. Tanacetum. *vulgare. Linn. Anthemis. +Cotula. Linn. tarvensis. Linn. nobilis, Linn. Achillea. Millefolium. Linn. Ptarmica. Linn. , Artemisia. *A\sinthium. Linn. tvulgaris. Linn. maritima. Linn. Filago. germanica. Linn. D, Very rare. Raheny and Greenogue (Irish Flora). Doubtful. D. and W. Notcommon. An escape. D. and W. Rather rare. D. Rare. Phenix Park. Lyons. Dub- lin. Portmarnock. W. On Knock Cree, near Lough Bray. (Ir. Flor.) Rocky Valley, Enniskerry. D. and W. Common. D. and W. Local and rather rare. D. and W. Rare, and introduced. D. and W. Frequent. D> Very rare. Killiney... Howth, Shore near Portrane House, D. and W. Common, 206 - DAvip Moore, Px.D., F.LS., Anp.A. G. Mors, F:LS, Filago. minima. Fries. “Gnaphalium. uliginosum. Linn. — sylvaticum. Linn. dioicum. inn. D. and W. Rather rare.. Chiefly on the coast and mountains. Senecio. vulgaris. Linn. D. and W. Common. sylvaticus. Linn. D. and W.. Frequent. Tviscosus. Linn. D. Very rare. Sutton side of H omnis erucifolius. Linn. D. Many places near Dublin. W. Near Bray and Kilrudderry. Jacobea. Linn. D. and W. Common. The rayless va- riety is frequent onsand-hillstowards Drogheda. aquaticus. Huds. D.. and W. Common. [saracenicus. Linn. | Near Clonskeagh, Dublin. Intro- duced. Bidens. -cernua. Linn. D. and'W. Occasionally, i in n muddy bogs. tripartita. Linn. D. and W. Ditto. Both rare. 5 Inula. Yi: *Helenium. Linn. * W. Whaley bee Wicklow. crithmoides. Linn. © D;*KillineyHill. DalkeyIsland,; Howth. nes pict .. Lambay. dysenterica. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Bellis. perennis. - Linn. D. and W. Common. _Erigeron. | acris. Linn. D. Rare. Finglas quarries. Templeogue. Clonsilla. Lucan, Howth, ete. W. Between Enniskerry and Lough — Bray. Aster. Tripolium. Linn. D. and W. Common. Solidago. Virgaurea. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. . 6. cambrica, Huds. D. and W. Rare. On the mountains. .. Tussilago. . eee ae Zak ae Farfara. Linn. D. and W. Common. Petasites. ae vulgaris. Desf. D. and W. Frequent. [fragrans. Presl.]_ Becoming naturalized. W. . Powerscourt. Rare. Dargle. Drumgoff, ete. and W. Common. Rocky Valley, near Sugarloaf Mountain (R. M. B.) Near Shillelagh (H. C. Hart.) Murrough of Wicklow. Be- tween Enniskerry and Lough Bray. 7 Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow. 207 Eupatorium. cannabinum. Linn. Cichorium. iIntybus. Linn. Lapsana. communis. Linn. Hypocheeris. radicata. Linn. Leontoden. hirtus. Linn.. hispidus, Linn. autumnalis. Linn. Picris. {hieracioides, Linn. | Helminthia. echioides. Gaert. . Tragopogon. pratensis. Linn. Taraxacum. officinale... Wigg. Tactuca. ; muralis. Fresen. a ~ oleraceus. Linn. _b-asper. » Hoffm. —.-: onus. fan. Crepis. *taraxacifolia. Thuil. virens. Linn. paludosa. Moench. Hieracium. Pilosella. Linn, vulgatum. Fries. gothicum. Fries. strictum. Fries. umbellatum. Linn. corymbosum. Fries. ~ Finglas : Murrough Of Wicklow (D. M. Je and W. Rather rare. and W. Chiefly on sand-hills along the coast, in Dublin and Wicklow. and W. Frequent. and W. Common. and W. Frequent on the coast, rare inland. Portmarnock (Mackay). Near San- try (D. O71). Tucan (A. G. M.) 5 Oise) and W. Common. Portmarnock. (Flor. Hib.) Intro- duced, and not found for many years. Howth, etc. of Dublin. He rons amie. east Rare. Seat! and W. Rather anes -and W. Comnion. Very rare. Roadside, from Lara - Barracks to Clara. and W. Common. -and W, . Frequent. Bey: and W. Common i in cultivated land. and W. Baldegk Howth. Dublin. Bray, etc.; spreading along the railways. and W. Common. and W. Frequent in hilly districts, and W. Frequent. Leixlip. W. Powerscourt. Devil’s Glen, and Dargle River. . Glenmalure, Wicklow. . Glenmalure, Wicklow. . Glencree. Devil’s Glen. ely hue . Glenmalure. © 2908 Davip Moors, Pu.D., F.LS8., AND A. G. Mogg, F.LS. Hieracium. Bs boreale. Fries. W. Glenmalure. Glendalough, and De- vil’s Glen. | 42. Campanulaceee. Tobelia. ou Dortmanna. Linn. W. Glendalough. Loch Dan. Lower — Lough Bray, Jasione. montana, Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Campanula. *Trachelium. Linn. D. Near Glasnevin. Introduced. W, Roundwood. Do. *rapunculoides. Linn, W. Wallnear Bray Harbour. Murrough ~ of Wicklow. rotundifolia. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Wahlenbergia. hederacea. eich. D. Glencullen, W. Base of Sugarloaf. ; Glencree. Enniskerry. 43, Ericaces. Vaccinium. ; Oxycoccos. Linn. D. and W. Rare. On the mountains. Vitis-idea. Linn. W. Upper Lough Bray. Luggelaw. LIug- naquilla. Lug-duff. : Myrtillus. Linn. D. and W. Common. Andromeda. polifolia, Linn. D. Bogs along the Military-road from Roebuck to Lough Bray. (Irish Flora.) W. Between Djouce and Luggelaw. (R. M. B.) Side of Kippure. (H.C. Hart.) Erica. Tetralix. Linn. D. and W. Common. cinerea. Linn. D. and W. Common. Calluna. vulgaris. Salisb. D. and W. Common. Pyrola. minor. Linn. W. Vale of Ovoca, near “ Meeting of the Waters.” . 44, Jasminacee. Raxe: sylvatica. Linn, = OD. and W. Frequent. farvensis. Linn. W. Shillelagh, and railway banks near Wicklow. Galeopsis. tLadanum. Linn. D. Dundrum ; Templeogue, and along the Dodder near Dublin. Malahide ; Knockmaroon ; Cardiffi Bridge. W. Greystones and Bray. Often plenti- - ful at Fassaroe (R.M.B.) [versicolor. Curt. Near Glasnevin formerly. Mackay Cat. | Tetrahit. Linn. D. and W. Common. Leonurus. [Cardiaca. Linn.] § Roper’s Rest, Dublin (Threlkeld). About Rush and Skerries (Ir. Fl.) Lamium. amplexicaule. Linn. D. Not unfrequent about Dublin. W. Bray Commons (R.M.B.) Abundant on Murrough of Wicklow. incisum. Willd. D. and W. Rare. purpureum. Linn. D. and W. Common. talbum. Linn. D. and W. and near houses. Local. « © Galeobdolon. Crantz. D. Several localities near Dublin; Leixlip ; ‘i Finglas ; Woodlands; Kelly’sGlen. W. Dargle and Powerscourt woods. Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow. 213 J Ajuga. “reptans. Linn. D, and W. Frequent. Teucrium. [Chamiedrys. Linn.| D.Greenhills, near Tallaght (Wade, Rar. ) Scorodonia, Linn. D. and W. Common. 54. Boraginacez. Echium. tvulgare. Linn. D. Portmarnock, near Skerries and Bal- briggan. W. Railway banks near Wicklow. Mertensia. maritima. Don. D. Shore at Hampton Bank, near Balbriggan, and at Loughshinny, between the two lime kilns. (Wade.) W. Kailcool, on the Murrough. Sparingly. Lithospermum. officinale. ‘Linn. D. Rare. Several localities near Dublin. W. Bray and Murrough of Wicklow. *arvense. Linn. D. and W. Rather local, and rare. Myosotis. ceespitosa. Schultz. D. and W. Common. palustris. With. D. and W. Frequent. repens. Don. D. and W. Not unfrequent on boggy hills. arvensis. Hoffm. D. and W. Common. eollina. Reich. D. and W. Abundant on the coast, Mur- rough of Wicklow, at Portmarnock, and at Malahide. versicolor. Reich. D. and W. Frequent. Anchusa. tarvensis. Linn. D. Frequent, and chiefly on the coast. W. Murrough of Wicklow. [sempervirens. Linn.| Near Finglas Ih aes Dublin). Symphytum. officinale. Linn, « D. and W. . Frequent. Often occurs with purple flowers. Cynoglossum. officinale. Linn. D. Frequent near Dublin. On the coast. W. Murrough of Wicklow. *montanum. Lam. D. Near Balbriggan; very rare, and probably introduced in this the enly Trish locality. 55, Lentibulariacee. Pinguicula. vulgaris. Linn. D. and W. Frequent in the mountain district. . lusitanica, Linn. D. Footof the Dublin Mountains. W. Near Roundwood, Annamoe, Lough Dan, ete, Q 214 Davip Moors, PaD., E.LS., anp A, G, Mors, F.LS. Utricularia. wi vulgaris. Linn. D. and W. Rare. Abundant in ditches on the Murrough of Wicklow. minor. Linn. W. On Calary Bog. Sparingly. “a (W. Archer). = 56. Primulacee. a Primula. a. vulgaris. Huds. D. and W. Common. The oxlip occurs | in Howth. : officinalis. Linn. D. and W. Common. Lysimachia. [vulgaris, Linn. | D. About Loughlinstown and Old Con- naught (irish Flora.) {Nummularia. Linn.] D. At the Old Campnear Loughlinstown 7 (frish Flora.) Kilmashogue (Wade, Dublin). An escape only, Nemorum. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Anagallis. arvensis. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. tenella. Linn. D. and W. . frequent. Glaux. : maritima. Linn. D. and W. Common on the sea shore. Samolus. Valerandi. Linn. D. and W. Frequent, especially near the coast. 57. Plumbaginacee. Armeria. | maritima. Willd. D. and W. Common on the coast. Statice. Bahusiensis. Fries. D. and W. Muddy sea shores, but rather local. : occidentalis. Lloyd. D. and W. Rocky and gravelly shores. Rather rare. 58 Plantaginacer., Plantago. a: major. Linn. and W. Common. lanceolata. Linn. and W. Common. maritima,’ Linn. and W. Common. Coronopus. Linn. and W. Common. Littorella. lacustris. Linn. oO 8SeSy 7 4 Howth (Irish Flora.) W. Lough = Dan, Luggelaw, Kelly’s Lough, ete. 61, Chenopodiaceee. Sueeda. | a maritima. Dum. D. and W. Muddy sea shore. Frequent. Salsola. 3 é : 3 Kult... Linn: D. and W. Sandy sea shores, Frequent. Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow, 215 Salicornia. herbacea. b, procumbens. Sm, Beta. maritima. Chenopodium. Linn. Tann, folidum, Curt. album. Linn. 6. viride. +murale, rubrum. +Bonus-Henricus. Linn. Atriplex. littoralis. angustifolia, 6. erecta. hastata. 6. deltoidea. Babingtonil. Woods. arenaria. portulacoides. Linn. Rumex. conglomeratus. Mun. nemorosus. Schrad. a. viridis. Sibth. maritimus. Linn, [palustris. Sm.] tpulcher. Linn. obtusifolius. Linn, crispus. Linn. Hydrolapathum. Fiuds, Acetosa. Acetosella. Polygonum. Convolvulus. aviculare. Linn. Linn. aie Linn. Sin. Huds. sm, Woods. 62. Linn. Linn. Linn, Linn. Bab. . and W. Muddy salt marshes. Com- mon. .and W. Frequent. . and W. Sea shores. Common. . Formerly in Dublin, but not found for many years. . and W. Frequent. . and W. Not uncommon. . Wery scarce near Dublin. Howth. Clontarf. Baldoyle. Portobeilo. . Rubbish-heaps at mouth of Tolka and Liffey. . and W.: Frequent. . Sutton. Howth. Portmarnock, etc. . and W. Frequent. . and W. Frequent. . and W. Frequent. . and W. Common about Dublin. . and W. Common on the sea-shore. . Sutton. Baldoyle. . Sutton side of Howth. Portrane. Polygonaceze. . and W., Common, D. and W. Frequent. Dublin or Meath. Formerly on the bog at Garristown, but now apparently extinct. Not seen in 1877. Once found by the Canal, near Broadstone Station. Accidental. D, Bullock Harbour, between Kings- ‘town, and Dalkey. TBaldoyle. W. Near the harbour at Bray. and W. Common. and W. Common. Malahide, between Raheny — and Baldoyle. W. Murrough of Wicklow. and W.. Common. and W, Common. and W. Frequent. and W. Common. Q 2 216 Davip Moors, Pu.D., F.LS., anp A. G. Mors, F.LS. ~ Polygonum. Raii. Bab. . and W. Sandy sea-shores. Not un- frequent. and W. .Common. . Near Enniskerry. (J. Ball.) Not gathered recently. and W. Common. and W. Unfrequent. and W. Frequent. . Ina field at Ashtown, near Monks- town. (Mackay Cat. Ir.) Not found recently. Hydropiper. Linn. minus. Huds. Persicaria. Linn. lapathifolium. Linn. amphibium. Linn. tBistorta. Linn. GSS 256 67. Empetracez. Empetrum. nigrum. Linn. D. and W. Frequent on the Dublin and Wicklow mountains. 68, Euphorbiacez. Euphorbia. ; tHelioscopia. Linn. D. and W. Frequent in cultivated land. Paralias. Linn. D. and W. Frequent on sandy shores. Portlandica. Linn. D. and W. Sandy shores, and rocks. Frequent. {Peplus. Linn. D. and W. Frequent in cultivated land. texigua. +’ inn: D. and W. Rather rare in cultivated land. Mercurialis. perennis. Linn. D. Very rare. Hedge-bank near Finglas. Tannua. Linn. D. Abundant near Dublin. 71. Urticacese. Parietaria. diffusa. Koch. Urtica. dioica. Linn. urens. Linn. Ulmus. D. and W. Not unfrequent. D D *suberosa. Ehrh. D. and-‘W. Common, but planted. if L | . and W. Common. . and W. Not unfrequent. ~ b. parvifolia. Santry. W. Roundwood, é&c, *montana. With. . and W. Frequent, but planted. 72. Amentiferee. Quercus. Robur. Linn. D. and W. Common. b. sessiliflora. Salisb. W. Glens near West Aston. Alnus. : glutinosa. Linn. D. and W. Common, Betula. alba. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow. 217 Myrica. Gale. Linn. D. and W. In mountainous and boggy situations. Local. Populus. tremula. Linn. D. and W. Rocks and mountains, rather rare. Salix. *fragilis. Linn. D. and W. Frequent, but planted. *alba. Linn. D. and W. Frequent, but planted. *viminalis. Linn. D. and W. Frequent, but planted. +Smithiana. Willd. D. and W. Not unfrequent. +acuminata. Sm. D. and W. In hedges, occasionally. cinerea. Linn. D. and W. Common. b. aquatica,s Sm. D. and W. Not unfrequent. c. oleifolia. Sm. D. and W. Not unfrequent. aurita. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. caprea. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Hepens. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. ce. prostrata. Sm. D. and W. Not unfrequent. f-incubacea. Linn. D. and W. Not unfrequent. g. argentea. Sm. D. and W. Not unfrequent. herbacea. Linn. W. Thonelagee and Lugnaquillia. 73. Coniferee. Taxus. ‘ *baccata. Linn. D. and W._ Rare, and escaped from plantations. | 74, Typhacee. Typha. ; latifolia. Linn. D. and W. Frequent, but local. angustifolia. Linn. D. Formerly near Sandymount and Merrion. (Extinct through drainage.) Sparganium. ramosum. Huds. D. and W. Frequent. simplex. Huds. D. and W. Not unfrequent. mininun. I'ries. D. or Meath. Garristown Bay, rare. W. Murrough of Wicklow (D.M.) 75. Aracer. Arum. maculatum. Linn. Lemna. trisulca. Linn. D. and W. minor. Linn. D. and W. gibba. Linn. D. polyrrhiza, Linn. D D. and W. 76. Lemnacer. Not unfrequent. Not unfrequent. Common. Pond at Glasnevin. . . Near Irishtown and in Phenix Park. 218 Davin Moors, Px.D., F.L.8., anp A. G. Mors, F.LS. 77. Naiadacese. Potamogeton. natans. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. polygonifolius. Pom. D.and W. Boggy places,ponds, lakes, ete. plantagineus. Ducros. W. Ditches near Murrough of Wicklow. rufescens. Schrad W. Murrough of Wicklow, rare (D.M.) heterophyllus. Schrad. In the Liffey, &. Wn the lakes? lucens. Linn. Phoenix Park. (Wade.) In both Canals near Dublin (D.M.) Liffey above Chapelizod ? and W. Frequent. Canal at Portobello, Dublin. Probably conveyed by traffic from the West. and W. Frequent. and W. Local, abundant in the Canals andon Murrough of Wicklow. perfoliatus. Linn. crispus. Linn. fdensus. Linn. Go ye pusillus. Linn. pectinatus. Linn. whe Zannichellia. palustris. Linn. Ruppia. rostellata. Koch. Zostera. Linn. marina. Linn. nana. Roth. and W. Frequent, and W. Not unfrequent. and W. Common. Mud-flats, near Baldoyle. GO 9 78. Alismaces. Triglochin. palustre. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. maritimum, Linn. D. and W. Frequent in muddy salt marshes. | Sagittaria. tsagittifolia. Linn. D. In the Canals near Dublin, and along the Tolka, but probably introduced. Alisma. Plantago. Linn. D, and W. Frequent. ranunculoides. Linn. D. and W. Frequent in boggy places. Butomus. | tumbellatus. Linn. D. River Tolka, below Glasnevin Bridge, ' (probably escaped.) 79. Hydrocharidacee. Hydrocharis. Morsus-rane. Linn. D. Bogs of Curragha and Garristown and near Balruddery. | Elodea. canadensis. Rich. D., and W. Plentiful in the Canals and ee. i streams. | Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow. 219 80. Orchidacece. Oxchis. pyramidalis. Linn. D. and W. Frequent, especially near 7 Dublin. | Morio. Linn. D. and W. Local and rare. Howth, Kelly’s Glen, Baltinglass and near Wooden Bridge, &c. mascula, Linn. D, and W. Common. latifolia. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. 6. incarnata. Jinn. D. and W. Frequent. maculata. Linn. D. and W. Common. Gymnadenia. conopsea. R. Br. D. and W. Frequent. albida. Rich. D. Three Rock Mountain, and Kelly’s Glen. W. Luggelaw, and other places in Wicklow. Habenaria. viridis. R.Br. D. and-W. Rather rare. bifolia. R. Br. D. and W.” Rather raze, 6. chlorantha. Bab. D. and W. Frequent. Ophrys. 2 apifera. Huds. D. and W. Rare, and chiefly on coast. [muscifera. Linn. Recorded by Wade probably erroneously. ] Spiranthes. autumnalis. Rich. Listera. cordata. R. Br. ovata... R. Br. Neottia. Nidus-avis. ~ Rich. Kpipactis. latifolia. Linn. palustris. Linn. Malaxis. paludosa. Sw. Tris. | *foetidissima. D. Rare and local. Killiney. Dalkey. Phenix -Park. Loughlinstown. W. On the commons at Bray. W. tough Bray. Glencree. Lough Nahanagan. JD. Kelly’s Glen. D. and W. Not unfrequent. D. Luttrellstown-wood, now Woodlands. W. Dargle Woods. D. and W. Rather rare. D. Portmarnock. Portrane. Howth. Foot Dublin Mountains. W. Murrough of of Wicklow ; Enniskerry. D. Kelly’s Glen. W. Above the Powers- court Waterfall. Sugar-loaf Moun- tain. Roundwood. Ballymurtagh. Tythetewer and Glencree. 81. Iridacez. Linn.] D. and W. Occasionally,as an escape from cultivation. 220 Davip Moors, Pa.D., F.L8., And A, G, More, F.LS. Kris. Pseudacorus. Linn. D. and W. Common. Crocus. [vernus, All.] Near the old castle at Dunganstown (Flor. Hib.) 82. Amaryllidacee. Narcissus. Pseudo-narcissus. Linn.'] Near Dublin, escape. es Curt. | Near Templeogue, escape. ae tbiflorus. Curt. D. Howth. Clontarf. Raheny. Fin- 3 glas. Killiney. Not unfrequent i, near Dublin. md 84, Liliacez. Scilla. ; verna. Linn. D. Killiney. Howth. Ireland’s Hye. Malahide. W. Murrough of Wick- low and Rockfield. nutans. Sm. D. and W. Frequent. Allium. vineale, Linn. D, Plentiful at Portmarnock and Feltrim Hill, Glasnevin, Phenix Park, ete. W. Rockfield. ursinum, Linn. D. and W, Not unfrequent. Narthecium. . Ossifragum. Huds. D. and W. Frequent. Colchicum. [autumnale, Linn. ] Near Finglas and Seribbleskott (Irish Flora. ) Probably an error. 86. Juncacese. — Luzula. pilosa. Willd. D. and W. Frequent in Wicklow and a Dublin. % sylvatica. Beck. D. and W. Frequent. a campestris. D.C. D. and W. Frequent. ae multiflora. Koch. D. and W. Bogsand mountains, Fre- ‘fs | : aianenb, : 3 Juncus. acutus. Linn. . Sand-hills and muddy estuaries be- tween Wicklow and Arklow. and W. Frequent. e and W. Common. and W. Common. and W. Frequent near the sea. Boggy margin of the shore a little east of Dollymount. and W. Common. and W. Frequent. maritimus. Sm. conglomeratus. Linn. effusus. Linn. glaucus. Sibth. obtusiflorus. Ehrh. acutiflorus. Ehrh. lamprocarpus. Ehrh. SO Yess -z Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow, 221 Juncus. supinus. Moench. D, and W. Frequent in boggy places. bufonius. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. Gerardi, Lois. D. and W. Frequent on the coast. squarrosus, Linn. D. and W. Frequent on the mountains. 87, Cyperaceze. Scheenus. nigricans, Linn. D. Portmarnock and Portrane sands ; near Balbriggan, &. W. Murrough of Wicklow. Cladium. Mariscus. Brown. W. Murrough of Wicklow. Rhynchospora. i alba. Vahl. -D. and W. Local, and rather rare. Blysmus. | rufus. Link. D. Baldoyle, North Bull. Between Balbriggan and Hampton. Scirpus. palustris. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. uniglumis. Link. D. Shore, east of Dollymount. W. Near Killoughter; Wicklow, Ark- low, etc., along the coast. multicaulis. Sm. W. Plentiful near Lough Dan, and along Annamoe river (A.G.M.) D. Howth, North Bull; Dollymount ; Baldoyle ; Portmarnock; Balbriggan. ceespitosus. Linn. D. and W. Common on mountain heaths. parvulus. R.andS. W. On soft mud in the creeks, north side of the mouth of river at Arklow. The only locality in Ireland. fluitans. Linn. ‘D. and W. Not unfrequent. Savil. 8S. and M. D. andW. Notunfrequent. On coast. D D paucifiorus. Lightf. setaceus. Linn. . and W. Rare? and chiefly inland. lacustris. Linn. 7 and W. “Hrequent, Tabernaemontani. Gm.D. and W. Frequent on the coast. Scirpus. maritimus. Linn. D. and W. Frequent on the coast. Eriophorum. ae; vaginatum. Linn. D. and W. Frequent on moors and bogs. cag te aneustifolium. Roth. D. and W. Common. [latifolium. Hoppe. Formerly near Enniskerry. Now | extinct, as the ground has been - drained. Carex. dioica. Linn. D. and W. Dublin and Wicklow Moun- ‘ tains. Local. pulicaris. Linn. D, and W. Frequent on dry and boggy heaths. Ay i we 922 Davip Moons, Pu.D, F.LS, anv A.G.Mors,FLS. 7 Carex. divisa. Huds. D. North Lots, near mouth of Liffey. The only locality in Ireland. disticha. Huds. D. and W. Not unfrequent. arenaria. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. paniculata. Linn. D. and W. Local and rather rare. vulpina. Linn. D. and W. Not common, and chiefly near coast. muricata. Linn. D. Stepaside. Curragha Bog. Howth. W. Fassaroe, near Bray. Delgany. divulsa. Good. D. Kallmney; near Stillorgan: Feltrim fill ; Castleknock ; Celbridge. W. i Glen of the Downs, St. Valerie, and — 3 Fassaroe. : ae stellulata. Good. D. and W. Common. ; i? remota. Linn. D. and W. Not unfrequent. Fy taxillaris. Good. W.? Luggelaw, Wicklow. (Flor. Hib.) ; curta. Good. D. Curragha Bog. Foot of Three Rock Dargle and Devil’s Glen. ce sylvatica. Huds. D. and W. Frequent. levigata. Sm. D. Kelly’s Glen, Dublin. ‘W. Devil’s Glen and Enniskerry. ie binervis. Sm. D. and W. Frequent. - “f Ee distans. Linn. D. and W. Frequent on the sea shore. - fulva. Good. -. D. Howth and Portmarnock. W. Lug- — a , - gelaw, and near Lough Dan. % extensa. Good. __ -W.Murrough of Wicklow. flava. Linn. D, and W. Frequent. ~ 6. lepidocarpa. Tausch.D and W. Not unfrequent. e. Gideri. Ehrh. %?¥requent, Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow. Carex. hirta. Linn. Pseudo-cyperus. Linn. paludosa. Good. riparia. Curtis. ampullacea. Good. [? vesicaria. Linn. | Anthoxanthum. odoratum. Linn. Digraphis. arundinacea. ‘Trin. Phalaris. [canariensis. Linn. | Alopecurus. geniculatus. Linn. pratensis. Phleum. pratense. Linn. arenarium. Jinn. Agrostis. canina. Linn. alba. Linn. vulgaris. With. b. pumila. Lighitf. Psamma. arenaria. R. et 8. Phragmites. communis. Trin. Milium. effusum. Linn. Aira. cespitosa. Linn. flexuosa. Linn. caryophyllea. Linn. precox. Linn. Avena. flavescens. Linn, D. D. 9 9 YO 9S S y YOUD 49 ob UOUs . Newtown-Mount-Kennedy. 223 and W. Not unfrequent. Brackenstown, and near Curragha. (Wade.) W. Dargle, (Wade), and near Newcastle, Wicklow. (A.G.M). Grand Canal, near Dublin. Plentiful. . Murrough of Wicklow. Newcastle. Donabate. . Murrough of Wicklow. and W. Local. Curragha Bog. (Wade.) Probably C. ampullacea was mistaken for it. 88, Graminese. and W. Common. and W. Frequent. ; Occasional. Not indigeneus, and W. Frequent. and W. Not unfrequent. and W. Not common. Sandymount. Howth. Portmarnock, Baldoyle. . Arklow. Murrough of Wicklow. and W. Frequent on heaths and bogs. and W. Common. and W. Common. and W. Not unfrequent. and W. Frequent on sandy sea- shores. and W. Common. : Tinne- hinch, Dargle, and Powerscourt. and W. Very frequent. and W. Frequent, but local. and W. Frequent. and W. Frequent. and W. Not common, and local. 224 Davip Moors, Ps.D., F.LS., Anp A. G. Morsz, F.LS. Avena. pubescens. Linn. [strigosa. Schreb,] {fatua. Linn. elatior, Linn. Holcus. mollis. Linn. lanatus, Linn, Triodia. decumbens. Beauv. Keeleria. cristata. Pers. Molinia. cerulea. Moench. Melica. uniflora. Retz. Catabrosa. aquatica. Beauv. Glyceria. fluitans. Brown. b. plicata. ries. aquatica. Sm. Sclerochloa. maritima. lLandl. distans. Bab. Borreri. Bab. rigida. Link. loliacea. Woods. Poa. annua. Linn. nemoralis. Linn. [compressa. Linn. | pratensis. Linn. trivialis, Linn. Briza. media. Linn. Cynosurus. cristatus. Linn. Dactylis. glomerata. Linn. eo) Bete 6 S 8 oe ees oS Oy yy dy ae “ae 7 ve . and W. Not unfrequent. Cultivated land. Rare. Portmarnock. and W. Common. and W. Not common. and W. Common. and W. Frequent. and W. Not unfrequent. and W. Frequent. and W. Not unfrequent. and W. Not unfrequent. and W. Common. and W. Near Glasnevin and Dub- lin, etc. . Plentiful in the canals near Dublin, and along the Liffey. W. Murrough of Wicklow. . and W. Frequent. . Howth. Clontarf. North-wall. Rings- end. Kingstown, etc. Plentiful in the North Lots, near mouth of Liffey. The only Irish locality. Common near Dublin and Wicklow. and W. Frequent on the coast. and W. Common. Plentiful at Woodlands, near Dublin. W. At the Dargle. Foot of Dublin mountains? (White See OO . and W. Common. MS8.). Probably a mistake. and W. Common. and W. Frequent. and W. Common. and W. Cvmmor, Flowering Plants and Ferns of Dublin and Wicklow. Festuca. uniglumis. Soland. D. Pseudo-myurus. Soyer. D. Portmarnock. Ivreland’s Eye. Port- rane. W. Wicklow and Arklow. Howth and Donnybrook. W. Arklow and Wicklow. sciuroides. Roth. D. and W. Not unfrequent. ovina. Linn. D. and W. Common. rubra. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. a. duriuscula. Linn, D. and W. Frequent. b. arenaria. Osb. D. and W. Frequent on sand-hills. sylvatica. Vill. W. Dargle. Powerscourt. Devil’s Glen. elatior. Linn. D. and W. Rather local. 6. arundinacea. Schreb. Rather local. On sea-shore. pratensis. Huds. D. and W. Frequent. b. loliacea. Huds. D. and W. Occasional. Bromus. giganteus. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. asper. Linn. D. and W. Frequent. erectus. Huds. D., Portmarnock, Glasnevin, Finglas, Santry, sides of Royal Canal, &c. W. Bray Head. sterilis. Linn. Common near Dublin, [secalinus. Linn. ] Cornfields, rare. racemosus. Linn. and W. Not unfrequent. commutatus. Schrad. Between Raheny and Howth ? Sandymount. mollis. Linn. and W. Common. Brachypodium. sylvaticum. R. et S. Triticum. caninum. Huds. repens. Linn. 6. pungens. Pers. acutum. JD. C. junceum. Linn. Lolium. perenne. Linn. [italicum. Brown.] ttemulentum. Linn. b. arvense. Lepturus. incurvatus. Trin. Hordeum. tsylvaticum. Huds. Huds. o pratense. . and W. Beste pele ose eo Se Var 6. mutica, Schultz. W. On trees at Westaston. leevipila, Bridel. Bryol. Brit.,p.133 tab. 43. 'T. ruralis . evi Hook, and Grev. Barbula levipila. Bryol. Hurop., vol. 2, Monoer., p. 40, t. 164. W. and D. On trunks of trees. Com. mon. ruralis, ‘linn. . Muse. Eb), p. 00. ir yok Brit., p. 134, t. 12. Bryum rurale, Linn. Sp. Pl lant., I ede 2a TG, W. and D. Roofs of thatched nottnee and walls. Common. : papillosa, Wils. SBryol. Brit., p. 1385, t. 44. Barbula papillosa, Rabenhor. Bryothec- Europ., | No. 455. W. On the trunks of trees at Powerscourt. D. Old Elm trees in the Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, and other places, frequent. : sinuosa, aralcont M.S. fide Mitten in Sceman’s “ Journal of Botany,” vol. 5, p. 327, (1867). D. On limestone rocks; also on the roots of trees in whe Phenix Park, and between Malahide and Portmarnock. squarrosa, De Notr. Syllab., p. 180. Bryol. Brit., Pp. 126, t. 43. Pleurochete squarrosa, Lindberg. Europ. Trichost, 5p AT. W. On limestone rocks and sand-hills. Arklow and Woodenbridge. D. Sands at Portmarnock and Malahide. : Encalypta. Schreber. bar» , L867eas = ay an —_ ‘5 = oe ae o o* : ye 4 y v, hee its aes 7 y , 4 > a, ; ea sg “ fee oe te ee ° W._ On trunks ‘of trees, walls, and. rocks... C. D: Common, Thamnium, Schimp. alopecurum, Linn. Bryol. Hurop., vol. 5. Monogr., p. 4, tab. 518. Tsothecium alopecurum, Bryol. Brit., p. 324, tab. 25. W. By the sides of rivulets, and in moist woods, frequent. D. Frequent. Heterocladium, Schimp. heteropteron, Br. et Schimp. SBryol. Hurop., vol. 5. Monogr., p. 4, t. 480. Hypnum heteropteron, Bryol. Brit., p. 369, t. 26. W. Moist rocks, and broken ground frequent. D. Frequent. Anomodon, Hook. et Tayl. viticulosa, Hook. and Tayl. Muscol. Brit., Hd. 2,p.138. Neckera viticulosa Turn. Muse. Hib. p. 103. W. Limestone rocks and on walls, frequent. D. Frequent. Thuyidium, Schimp. abietinum, Linn. Sp. Pl, p. 1591. Hypnum abietinum, Bryol. Brit., p. 377, tab. 25. D. On Portmarnock sand hills, also at Malahide and Portrane, rare. tamariscinum, Hedw. Sp. Muse, p. 261, tab. 67, figs. 1-5. Hypnum tamariscinum, Bryol. Brit., p. 380, tab. 57. W. Woods and shady banks. C. D. Common. Hypnum, Linn et Dillen. | Sect. Brachythecium, Bryol. Europ. Lutescens, Hudson. De Notv., Briol. Ital., p. 113. W. Rocks and sand hills, near the sea. C. D. Common. albicans, Dill. Bryol. Hurop., vol. 6. Monogr., p. 19, t. 553. Hypnum albicans, Bryol. Brit., p. 337,t. 25. D. On sand hills near the sea. Common. glareosum, Br. et Sch. Bryol. Europ., vol. 6, Monogr., p. 19, t. 552. W, On grassy banks, frequent. D. Frequent. 244 Davip Moorg, Pxs.D., F.LS. rivulare, Br. et Schimp. Bryol. Exrop., vol, 6, Monogr., p. 13, t. 549. W. On dripping rocks, between Arklow and Wooden- bridge. D. Eallinascorney Glen, and Kelly's Glen. ilecebrum, Schwaegr. De Notr., Briol. Ital., p. 113. Hiypawee . illecebrum, Bryol. Brit., p. 343, tab. 35. D. Banksand rocks, Ballinascorney Glen, Killiney, and on the Hill of Howth. velutinum, Linn. Sp. Plant., p. 1595. Hypnum velutinum, Bryol. Brit., p. 342, tab. 26. W. On stones, old walls and banks. C. D. Common. populeum, Hedw. Sp. Musce., tab. 70, figs. 1-6. Hypnum populeum Bryol. Brit., p. 341, tab. 24. W. On rocks, walls, and trees. ©. D. Common. plumosum, Swartz. Muscol. Suec., p. 66. Hypnum plumosum. Bryol. Brit., p. 240, tab. 25. W. Wet rocks and banks by the margins of the mountain streams. C. D. In similar places. C- Mildeanum, Schimp. Rabehcr, Br ee Europ., No. 772. Hypnum salebrosum, Bryol. Brit., p. 338, “an 53 (in part). D. Grassy banks and sand hills, between Malahide and Portrane, rare. rutabulum, Linn. Sp. PL, p..1590.. Hypnum rutabaluns, Bryol. Brit., p. 345, tab. 26. W. Trees, rocks, walls, and banks. C. D. Common. : Sect. Rhynchostegium, Bryol. Europ. rusciforme, Weiss. Bryol. HKurop., vol. 5, Monogr, p. 11, tab. 515-516. Hypnum ruscifolium, Bryol. Brit., p. 254, tab. 26. W. About waterfalls on rocks. C. D. Common. confertum, Dicks. Crypt. Fase. 4, tab. 11, fig. 4. Hypnum confertum Bryol. Brit., p. 355, t. 26. W. On trunks of trees and on stones, walls, &e. C. D. Common. megapolitanum, Blandow. Bryol. Europ., vol. 5, Monogr, p. 8, tab. 511. Hypnum megapolitanum, De Notr. Mant., No. 22. D. Sand hills. Between Portrane and Malahide. murale, Dill. Musc., tab. 41, f. 52. Hypnum murale Bryol. Brit., p. 356, tab. 24. -_D. On walls and stones, at St. Margaret’s, Howth, and in the Botanic Garden, Glasnevin. tenellum, Dicks. Crypt. Fasc., p. 4., tab. 11, f 12. Hypnum tenellum, Bryol. Brit., p. 35, tab. 24. W. On rocks and old walls frequent. D. Frequent. striatum, Schreb. Fl. Lips., p. 91. Bryol. [tal., p. 76. Hypnum striatum Bryol. Brit., p. 352, tab. 26. D. Grassy banks in the Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin. : striatulum, Spruce. Bryol. Ital, p. 78. Hypnum striatulum, Bryol. Brit., p. 352, tab. 55. W. In wocds at the Devil’s Glen. myosuroides, Linn. Sp. Plant, p. 159. Hypnum myosuroides, Turner, Muse. Hib., p. 140. W. On shady rocks, trunks ef trees, &c. ©. D. Common. ed b ' i , we: - a Ce Seat Pat ore bose Y, Mosses of the Counties of Dublin and Wicklow. 245 strigosum, Hoffin. Deutsch, Flor. 2, p. 76. Hypnum strigosum, Bryol. Brit., p. 353, tab. 55. Hab. D. At the roots of trees and on banks near Sallygap, the only known iccality. piliferum, Schreb. FI. Lips., p. 91, Hypnam piliferum, Bryol. Brit., p. 347, t. 25. W. Woods and shady banks.. C. D. GC. praclongum, Dill. Musce., tab. 35f15.A. Hypnum praclongum, Bryol. Brit., p. 348, tab. 25. W. Moist shady banks between Woodenbridge and Arklow. C. Var £ at Lough Bray. D. Shady banks. Common. Swartzi, Turner. Hypnum Swartziti, Muse. Hib., p. 151, tab. 14, fig. 1. D. Shady banks. C. Butrare in fruit. hians, Hedw. Sp. Musc., p. 272, tab. 70, figs. 11-14. Hab. D. On the rocky sides of streams, Ballinascorney Glen,and Hillbrook, very rare. pumilum, Wilson. De Notr. Bryol. Ital. p. 87. Hypnum pumi- lum, Bryol. Brit., p. 35, tab. 55. D. About the roots of trees in the Botanic Garden, Glasnevin. Sect. Amblystegium, Bryol. Europ. serpens, Dill. Bryol. Hurop., vol. 6. Monogr, p. 9, t. 564. Hypnum serpens, Bryol. Brit., p. 362, tab. 24. W. On walls, rocks, and among the roots of trees. C. D. Common. riparium, Linn. Bryol. Europ., vol. 6. Monogr., p. 14, t. 570- 571. Hypnum riparium, Bryol. Brit., p. 364, tab. 24. W. On wood, and stumps of trees by the sides of rivers. C. D. C. Sect. Limnobium, Bryol. Europ. palustre, Linn. SBryol. Europ., vol. 6. Monogr., p. 2, tab. 574- 575. Hypnam palustre, Schimp. Synops. Muscor. p. 64. W. On rocks in streams frequent. D. In similar places frequent. ochraceum, Turner. Bryol. Hurop., vol. 6. Suppl. t. 580. Hypnum ochraceum, Turner in Herb. W. On stones by the sides of the mountain rivulets at Lough Bray. D. Side of the stream in Kelly’s Glen, fruit, May. Sect. Hypaum, Bryol. Europ. cordifolium, Hedw. St. Crypt, p. 4, tab. 37, vol. 6. Monogr. p. 47, t. 617. W. Bogs and marshy places. C. D. Common. stramineum, Dicks. Bryol. Hurop., vol. 6. Monogr. p. 49, tab. 617. D. Marshy heaths and wet sandy places. Kelly’s Glen, Fruit. cuspidatum, Dill. Musc., tab. 39, fig. 34. Eng. Bot. tab. 2407. W. Marshy ground. C. D. Common. nurum, Linn. Sp. Plant, p. 1594. Bryol. Brit. p. 376, tab. 24. W. Shady banks, among rocks and stones. C. D. Common. Schreberi, Willd. Fl. Bercl, p. 325. Bryol. Brit., p. 376, tab. 24. W. Heaths and banks. C. D. Common. Lindbergii, Mitten. In Seeman’s Journal of Botany, vol. 2, p. 122, 1864. HH. arcuatum, Lindberg. In efversight of K. Vetenskaps Akad. Forhandlingar, 1861. W. Damp sandy ground, near Lough Bray and Lugnaquilla. (Barren). Ss 246 — Davin Moors, P#.D., F.LS, scorpoides, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1592. Bryol. Brit. p. 400, tab. 27.0 W. Bogs and marshy places, frequent. D. Frequent. Se lycopodioides, Necker. Bryol. Hurop., vol. 6. Monogr. p. 45, tab. 613-614. W. Bogs and marshes frequent. D. Frequent. vernicosum, Lindberg. Hypnum aduncum, Hedw., fide Wilson in “ Naturalist,” 15th June, 1865. W. Bogs and in marshes frequent. D. Frequent. revolvens, Swartz. Bryol. Brit. p. 388, tab. 58. D. Marshes and bogs. Seecaun and Seefin Mountains. uncinatum, Hedw. Bryol. Brit. p. 394, tab. 26, Eng. Bot. tab. 1600. W. On rocks and on the roots of trees at Luggelaw. D. Killake Glen. exanulatum, Gumb. Hypnum aduncum Bryol. Brit., p. 389, tab. 26. D. Marshy places, Howth, and near Stepaside. | finitans, Dill. Bryol. Brit. p. 387, tab. 58. W. Marshes and lakes among the mountains frequent. D, In similar places. frequent. Kneiffii, Schimp. Synops. Muse, p. 605. Bryol. Brit. p. 390, tab. 58. W. Swampy places near Arklow. Sand hills between Malahide and Portrane. commutatum, Dill. Bryol. Europ., vol. 6. Monogr., p. 38,. tab. 607-608. W. Boggy places. C. D. Common. filicinum, Linn. Bryol. Europ., vol. 6, Monogr., p. 40, tab. 609. W. Wet rocks, and on the margins of streamlets. C. D. C. molluscum, Hedw. St. Crypt., p. 4, tab. 22. Bryol. Brit. p. 396, tab. 27. W. Among damp limestone rocks. C. D. Common. cupressiforme, Dill) Musci. Tab. 37, fig. 33. Bryol. Brit. p. 397, tab. 27. W. Rocks, trees, and on the ground. C. D. Common. polygamum, Br. et Schimp. Wils. Bryol. Brit., p. 364, tab. 56. polymorphum, Hook and Tay]. in Herb. Grev. D. Damp places among the sand hills at Portmarnock and Malahide. Variety (2 stagnatum. H. stagnatum (Wils. M.S. in marshy ground near Arklow, and other places on the coast of Wicklow. stellatum, Dill. Muse. tab. 39, fig. 5. Bryol. Brit. p. 366, tab. 26. W. Bogs and marshy places, frequent. D. Frequent. chrysophyllum, Bridel. Mant. Musc., p. 175.. Bryol. Brit. p. 366, tab. 26. W. Sand hills near the sea, frequent. D. Frequent. elodes, Spruce. London Journal of Botany, vol. 4, April, 1845. H. polymorphum Flor. Hib., p. 44. W. Marshy and boggy ground near Black Castle. D. In a bog near Killiney. Sect. Hylocomium, Bryol. Europ. splendens, Hedw. Sp. Musc., tab. 67, f. 49. W. Woods and banks. ~ C. D. Common. brevirostrum, Ehrh. Pl. Exsice, No. 85. Bryol. Brit., p. 383, tab. 57. W. In woods in the mountainous parts frequent. D. Frequent. Fi Mosses of the Counties of Dublin and Wicklow. 247 flagellare, Dicks. Crypt. Fase, 2, p. 12. Hypnum. flagellare, Bryol. Brit., p. 384, tab. 57. W. Rocks and stones by the sides of the mountain streams Lough Bray. D. Kelly’s Glen. triquetrum, Dill. Bryol. Europ., vol. 5. Monogr. p. 8, tab. 491. Hypnum triquetrum, Bryol. Brit. p. 385, tab. 26. W. Woods and bushy places. C. D. Common. loreum, Dill. Musc., tab. 39, f. 38-40. Hypnum loreum. Bryol. Brit., p. 386, tab. 26. W. Woods and bushy places, C. D. Common. squarrosum, Dill. Muse, tab. 39, f. 38 and 39, Hypnum squarrosum, Bryol. Brit. p. 386, tab. 26. Hab. W. Woddsand heathy places. C. D. Common. TRIBE 15,—SKITOPHYLLEA. Fissidens. Hedw. adiantoides, Hedw. St. Crypt. p. 3, tab. 26. Dicranum adian- toides. Turn. Muse. Hib. p. 57. W. On wet rocks, banks, and pastures. C. D. Common. taxifolius, Hedw. Sp. Musc., tab. 39. Dicranum taxifolium. Swartz. Musc. Suec. p. 31. W. Moist shady banks. C. D. C. tamarindifolius, Turner. Musc. Hib., p. 55. Bryol. Brit., p. 308, tab. 53. D. Moist bank near Cullen’s Wood. Dr. W. Stokes, Rare. viridulus, Linn. Wilson, Bryol. Brit., p. 303, tab. 53. Dicranum viridulum, Swartz. D. On shady, moist banks, Howth. Rare. bryoides, Hedw. St. Crypt, p. 3, tab. 9. Bryol. Brit., p. 304, tab. 16. W. On moist, shady banks ; frequent. D, Frequent. TriBE 16,—PoLYTRICHEA. Catharinea, Ehrh. undulata, Web. et Mohr. Bot. Taschenb., 216. Atrichum undu- latum, P. Beauv., Rabenhor., Bryothec. Europ., No. 282. W. Damp, shady places. C. D. Common. Oligotrichum, De Cand. hereynicum, De Cand. Flor. Gallic. Bryol. Brit., p. 205, tab. 10. Atrichum hercynicum, P. Beauv. W. Banks where the soil is bare, Lugnaquilla Mountain, and between Woodenbridge and Arklow. -Pogonatum, Bridel. alpinum, Rohl. Deutchl. Fl, Ed. 3, p. 59. Polytrichum alpinum, Linn., Sp. Pl, p. 1109. W. Fissures of rocks, on the ascent to Lugnaquilla Mountain. urnigerum, Bridel. Bryol. Univ., 2, p. 124. Polytrichum urni- gerum, Linn., Sp. Pl., p. 1109. W. Moist banks on the moun- tains, ©, D,. Common, $2 243 - . DaAvip Moors, Px.D., F.LS. subrotundum, Lindberg, in Hartm. Skand. Fl., Ed. 2, p. 44. Polytrichum subrotundum, Huds. Fl. Angl., Ed. 1, p. 400. W. Ditch banks, Lough Bray. D. Hill of Howth. nanum, Weiss. Pl. Crypt. Fl. Gott., p. 173. PolyGcehia aloides, Hedw., St. Crypt., 1, p. 57. Hab. W. Damp banks and rocky places in the mountainous parts. C. D. In similar ~ places. Common, 3 Polytrichum, Bridel. commune, Linn. .Sp. Pl., 1, p. 1100. Bryol. Brt., p. 2 Ele 190. Hab. W. Marshy woods, moors, &c. C. D. Common. juniperinum, Willd. Fl. Berol. Prodr., p. 305. Bryol. Brit., p. 213, tab. 10, fig. f. Hab. W. Heathy places, tops of turf, walls, &e, C.D. C. The variety 6. ‘strictum, P) stmetums Menzies, in Linn. Soc. Trans., vol. 4, tab. 5, fig. 7, and the var.: y. alpestre, P. alpestre, Schwegr., Suppl., tab. 97, occur occa- sionally in both counties. piliferum, Schreb. Spicil. Il. Lips., p. 74. Bryol. Brit., p. 213, tab. 10. W. Tops of turf, walls, dry heaths, die. C. iD OF ree gracile, Dicks. Eng. Bot., tab. 1827. W. Turf bogs, &e. C. D. C. attenuatum, Menzies, in Linn. Soc. Trans., vol. 4, p. 72. Hab. W. Damp, shady banks, at Powerscourt Waterfall. TRIBE 18.—SPHAGNEA. Sphagnum, Dillenius. cymbifolium, Ehrhart. 8. latifolia, Turner, Muse. Hib. p. 5. W. On bogs and marshes; frequent. DL. Frequent. fimbriatum, Wilson. Bryol. Brit., p. 21, tab. 60. Pire, 1, «, No. 3. Hab. W. Marshes and bogs, at Lough Bray. Rare. rubellum, Wilson. Bryol. Brit., p. 19, tab. 60. Hab. W. Wet banks; frequent. D. Frequent. squarrosum, Persoon. Wils. Bryol. Brit., p. 23, tab. 4. W. Bogs and marshes. ©. D. Common. subsecundum, Nees Von Esenbeck. Sturm. Deutschl. Flor. Crypt., Fase. 17, 1820. 8. contortum, var. 6. secundum, Wilson, Bryol. Brit., p. 22, tab. 60. W. On wet banks and turf bogs, Lough Bray. D. Hill of Howth. Var. 2. contortum, 8. contortum, Schultz-Wilson, Bryol. Brit., — p. 22, tab. 60, has been collected at Lough Bray, Wicklow, and on the Hill of Howth, Dublin. scutifolium, Bhrhart, Wilson, Bryol. Brit., p. 20, tab. 4. W. a Wet bogs. ©. D. Common. i tenellum, Ehrhart. Bridel, Bryol. Univ. 1,p. 4. W. Wet woods dh. Bors. glauca, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1605. W.Ondamp ground. D. Common, a 4 a) xi \ Te Hepatice of the Counties of Dublin and Wicklow. 251 SECTION II.—JUNGERMANNIACE. Sus-RIBE 1,—FRULLANIE. Frullania. Raddi. dilatata, Linn., Dumort. Jungermannia dilatata. lLinn., Sp. P., p- 1600. Frullania minor, Raddi, Jung, in Mem. Modena, 18, p. 21, t. 2, fig. 3. W. On the trunks of trees. D. Common. tamarisci, Mich. L., Dumort. Jungermannia tamarisci L., Sp. Pl. 1. ed 2, p. 1134. Frullania major, Raddi, in Att, Soc. Se. Modena, 18, p. 20. W. On the trunks of trees. D. Common. germana, Taylor. Jungermannia germana Tayl., in Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin, vol. 2, p. 43. FF. tamarisci, var. «. germana. Carring. Trish Hepat., p. 457. W. On rocks, and on trees, Lough Bray. Lejeunea, Libert. hamatifolia, Hook. Dumort. Jungermannia hamatifolia, Hook. Brit. Jung., t. 51. W. On the trunks of trees and on bare rocks, near Powerscourt. D. At Woodlands, near Clonsilla. echinata, Hooker. Taylor. Jungermannia hamatifolia, var. £. echinata, Hook., Brit. Jung., 51. Lejeunea valcarea, Libert., Ann. Gen. Sc. Phys., 6, p. 373, t. 96, fig. 1. D. On limestone rocks, and parasitic on the larger mosses, especially the genus Thamnium, at Woodlands, near Clonsiila. minutissima, Smith. Dumortier. Jungermannia minutissima, - Smith, Engl. Bot., t. 1633. Jungermannia ulicina, Taylor, in Trans. Bot. Soc., Ed. 1, p. 115. W. On the stems of trees anil on mosses, at Luggelaw and Powerscourt. D. Near Woodlands. serpyllifolia, Mich., Dicks. Libert. Jungermannia serpyllifolia, Dicks., Pl. Crypt. Brit., 4, p.19. W. On the trunks of trees and damp banks. D. Common. Mackaii, Hooker. Jungermannia Mackai, Hook., Brit. Jung, t. 53. Phragmicoma Mackaii, Dumort., Comm. Bot., p. 112. D. Near Woodlands. ss Radula, Dumortier. complanata, Linn. Dumortier. Jungermannia complanata, Linn., Sp. Pl.; Hook. Brit. Jung., t. 81.. W. On trees and rocks. D. Common. Porella, Dillenius. levigata, Rupp., Schrad. Lindberg. Jungermannia levigata, Hook., Brit. Jung, t. 35. Madotheca leevigata, Dumort., Comm. Bot., p. 111. W. Damp rocks, Lough Bray. platyphylla, Linn. Lindberg. Jungermannia platyphylla, L., Sp. PL, led, p. 1134. Madotheca platyphylla, Dumort., Comm. Bot., p. 111. W. On rocks, trunks of trees, and moss-covered banks. D. Common. Thuja, Dicks. Jungermannia Thuja, Dicks., Pl. Crypt., 4, p. 19. W. On rocks and stones. pase DAVID Moors, Pu.D., F.LS. SuB-TrRisE 2.—PLEUROZIER. Pleurozia, Dumortier. 1 cochleariformis, Dumortier. Jungermannia cochleariformis, Weiss., Pl. Crypt., p. 123. Physiotium cochleariformis, Nees., Europ. — Leberm., 3, p. 79. W. On wet, boggy places, about Upper fe Lough Bray. D. Moors about the mountains. SuB-lrRipe 3.—LEePrmpozizZ. Lepidozia, Linn. ‘ Dumortier. ; -reptans, Linn. Sp. Pl, 1599. Hook., Brit. Jung., t. 75. Masti- gophora reptans, Nees., Leber. Europ. {Os Polls W. Woods and : bushy banks. D. Common. | Es cupressina, Sw. Dum, Jungermannia oe (3: pinnata, Hook.) | ams Brit. Jung., t. 75. L. tumidula, Tayl., in G. Let No Synepeeee Hepat., p. 206. W. Damp roc; and iene at Lough Bray. a Bazzania. Bennett Gray. 4 trilobata, Mich., L. B. Gr. Jungermannia trilobata, Iamm) Spi Pl. 1599. Mastigobryum trilobatum, G. L. et N. Synop. Hepat., i p. 230. Jungermannia radicans, Hoff. Germ. 2, p. 87. Mountain woods, Upper Lough Bray, and Seven Churches. D. Killakee Glen. Odontochisma. Dumortier. | ie sphagni, Dicks, Dumortier. Jungermannia sphagni, Dicks. Fasc. Pl. Crypt. Brit. 1, p. 6. Sphagnocetis communis, Nees, in G. L. et N. Synop. Hepat., p. 148. W. In bogs, among eee: Frequent. D. Killakee Glen, and other boggy ; places. Ni Cephalozia. Dumortier. ee elachista, Jack. Jungermannia elachista Jack, in Gottsche eb — Rabenhor. Hepat. “Europ. ..exsic. No. 074. . W. On “moist aa banks at Lough Bray. Very rare. 8. O. Lindberg. i byssacea, Roth, Dumort. Jungermannia byssacea, Roth. Fl. 4 Germ. 3, p. 387. Hook. Brit. Jung., t. 12. W. On paths in By woods, and on bare crags. D. C. a bicuspidata, Linn, Dumort. Jungermannia bicuspidata Linn, Sp. - PL 158. Hook. Brit. Jung, t. 11. W. On heaths and banks. D. Common. | uliginosa, Spruce. W. Moist banks, Tough Bray. —D. ~ Killakee Glen. (New to Iveland—“ not previously published as Irish.”) ge: connivens, Dicks. Jungermannia connivens, Dicks, Pl. Crypt. fasc. 4, p. 19, tab. 2, fig. 15. Hook. Brit. Jung, tab) Tac Blepharostoma connivens, Dumort, Rey. Jung., p. 18. W. Wet banks, among mosses. D. Wet places. C.. ; Var. a. conferta minor. On rotten wood, Frequent in both — counties. z : apa ae Hepaticee of the Counties of Dublin and Wicklow. 253 Cephalozia. Duwortier. Var. 3. sphagnorum, Hook. Brit. Jung, t. 15, 3. Frequent among Sphagnum, about Lough Bray. W. catenulata, Huebener, Lindb. Jungermannia catenulata, Huebener. Hepat Germ., p. 169. Jungermannia reclusa, Taylor in Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. 11, p. 44. W. On shady, damp banks, about Lough Bray, and elsewhere. D. Killakee Glen, and elsewhere. Common. Lophocolea, Dumortier. bidentata, Linn., Dumort. Jungermannia bidentata Sm. Eng. Bot., t. 606. Hook. Brit. Jung., t. 30. W. D.C. spicata, Taylor in G. L. et N. Synop. Hepat., p. 167. Cook. Brit. Hepat., p. 15, n. 75, fig. 113. W. On shady, damp rocks; among mosses at Altadore Glen, near Delgany. — Chiloscyphus. Corda. polyanthos, Corda. Jungermannia polyanthos Linn. Sp. PI. 1,597. Marsupella polyanthos, Dumort. Comm. Bot., p. 114. W. On wet rocks, &e. D. Common. Harpanthus. Nees. scutatus, Spruce. Jungermannia scutata, Weber et Mohr. Deutschl. Crypt., p. 408. Jungermannia stipulacea. Hook. Brit. Jung., t. 41. W. Moist banks, and on rocks among the larger mosses, &c., at Upper Lough Bray. Sup-TrRipeE 4,.—Saccocynea, Dumortier. Kantia. Bennett Gray. trichomanis, Dicks, B. Gr. Jungermannia trichomanis. Hook. Brit. Jung., tab. 79. On wet, shady banks, and woods. W. D. Common. arguta, N. M., Lindb. Calypogeia arguta, N. M., Lindb. Eng. Bot. tab., 1875. W. On wet banks, and on the larger Hepatice, at Luggelaw. Very rare. Saccogyna. Dumortier. viticulosa, Mich, Dumort. Jungermannia viticulosa, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1597. W. On damp ground, among mosses, &c. Very fine at Lough Bray. D. Killakee Glen. Sup-Tripet 5.—BiLEPHAROZIELA. Tricocholea. Dumortier. tomentella, Ehrhart, Dumort. Jungermannia tomentella, Ehrh. Beitr. 2, p. 150. Hook. Brit. Juug., t. 36. W. Mossy banks in woods and rocky places. D. Common. . Herberta. Bennett Gray. adunca, Dicks, B. Gr. Jungermannia adunca, Dicks. Fasc. Pl. Crypt. Brit. 3, p. 12, tab. 8, f. 8. Sendtnera juniperina, var. £, Nees, in G. L. et N. Synop. Hepat, p. 239. W. Bogs and wet rocky places, at Upper Lough Bray. O5k Davip Moors, Px.D., F.LS. Blepharostoma. Dumortier. : trichophylla, Linn., Dumort. Jungermannia trichophylla, Linn, — Sp. Pl. p 1601. Hook. Brit. Jung., t. 7. W. On turfy heaths, and among Sphagnum, at Lough Bray. setacea, Web., Mitt. Jungermannia setacea, Weber, Spicil. Fl. Gott, p. 143. Hook. Brit. Jung., t. 8. W. Bogs, and moist shady banks in woods, &c., at Lough Bray. Sus-TRIBE 6,—J UNGERMANNIEA. Scapania. Dumortier. subalpina, Dumortier. Var. (§ undulifolia. Jungermannia sub- alpina, Nees. apud Lindenb. Hep., p. 55. W. Margins of the mountain streams, where the water is constantly trickling over. Lugnaquilla mountain, also at Lough Bray. D. At Kelly’s Glen, in similar places. ' undulata, Linn., Dill, Dumort, Jungermannia undulata, Linn, Sp. Pl. 1598. Hook. Brit. Jung., tab. 22. Radula undulata. Dumort. Comm. Bot., p. 112. W. Streams among the hills. D. Common. . var. «. speciosa, Rabenhor. Hep. . Eur.; -exsicc.. n.; 44359) Wee é collected near Lugnaquilla. W. irrigua, Nees. Dumort. Jungermannia irrigua, Nees Kurop. Leber., 1, p. 193. W. Wet places among the hills, at Lough Bray. resupinata, Dumort. Non: Hook. Jungermannia resupinata, Linn. | Sp. PL, 1599. Martinellia gracilis. Lindb. in Hort. Soc. T. Fl. iste Fenn. 13, p. 365 (1874.) Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fenice, | X., p. 520 (1875.) W. Open heathy places, Lough Bray. D. — am Kelly’s Glen. umbrosa, Schrader. Dumort, Jungermannia umbrosa, Hooker. Brit. Jung., t. 24, suppl. 3. Engl. Bot., t. 2527. W. On moist rocks and banks, Lough Bray. D. Killakee Glen. curta, Dumort. Jungermannia nemorosa. Var. 0. denudata, Hook., Brit. Jung., t. 21. Jung. curta, Mart. Fl. Crypt. Hrlang., p. 148. Hab. W. Moist shady banks, among the larger Hepatice, at Upper Lough Bray. -- Winns nant 2% ¥ SS ete ema I Pon ae or ip’ eee Diplophyllum. Dumortier. albicans, Linn. Dumort. Jungermannia albicans, Linn., Sp. PL, p- 1599. Hook., Brit. Jung., t. 23. W, On moist banks, &c. D. Common. Plagiochila. Dumortier. | asplenioides, Linn. Dumort. Jungermannia asplenioides, Linn., Cg Sp. Pl. p. 1597. Eng. Bot., 1061. Hook, Bripyis mame ea t. 13. Hab. W. Banks among moss, andin woods. D. Common. — spinulosa, Dicks. Dumort. Jungermannia spinulosa, Dicks. Crypt. — fasc. 2, p. 14. Hook., Brit. Jung., t. 14. Eng. Bot., t. 2228. Es Tayl. Fl. Hib. 2, p. 58. Hab. W. Woods and moist banks. D. C. ae Hepaticee of the Counties of Dublin and Wicklow, 238 Plagiochila. Dumortier. punctata, Taylor. In London Journal of Bot. 1844, p. 371 (sub. n. 10) et 1846, p. 261. Plagiochila spinulosa, 3 punctata, Car- ring. Irish Crypt., p. 19, t. 2, fig. 3 (1863) et Brit. Hepat. part 3, p. 60. W. Shady woods, ‘and damp banks, Altadore Glen, near Delgany. Also at Seven Churches. Mylia. Bennett Gray. Taylori, Hook., B. Gray. Jungermannia Taylori, Hook., Brit. Junger., t. 34. Eng. Bot., t. 2318. Coleochila Taylori. Dumort. Hepat. Europ., p. 107. W.. On wet banks, Lough - Bray. Jungermannia. Linneus. § A.—Aplozia. crenulata, Smith (Dumort.) Jungermannia crenulata, Sm., Eng. Bot., t. 1463. Hook. Brit. Jung., t. 37. Aplozia crenulata, Dumort. Hepat. EKurop., p. 57 (1874.) W. On moist clay banks. D. Common. Var 6 gracillima. Jungermannia gracillima, Sm. Eng. Bot, t. 2238. Hook. Brit. Jung., at descript. n. 37. J. genthiana, Hueben. Hepat. Germ., p. 107. W. In similar places as that of the larger state of the plant, at Westaston. pumila, With., Dumort. Jungermannia pumila, Wither. Bot. An., ed. 3, p. 866. Hook. Brit. Jung,, t. sigreaigse Se On rocks, by the margins of streams, at Lough Bray. spherocarpa, Hook, Dumort. Jungermannia spflsevdbait ne Hook. Brit. Jung., t. 7 f. Aplozia spherocarpa. Dumort. Hep. Eur., p. 61. W. On stones, by sides of rivulets, Upper Lough Bray. D. Kelly’s Glen. riparia, Taylor, Dumort. Jungermannia riparia. Tayl. in Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin., p. 43. Cooke’s Brit. Jung., p. 9, fig. 69: W. Sides of streams and pools, Lough iE a near _ Wooden Bridge. nana, Nees. Hep. Europ., 1 p. p. 317, 248 52 p. 466 ; ‘3 p. 933 ; 4p. 41. Jungermannia lurida. Dumort. "Hepat. Europ., p. 60 (1874.) W. On wet banks, by the sides of streams, at Seven Churches. D. Kelly’s Glen. , § B.—Sphenolobum. Dicksoni, Hook. Brit. Jung., t. 48. ve Bot., 2591. Diplophyl- lum Dicksoni. Dumort. Rev. Jung., p. 16, et Hepat. Europ., p. 49 (1875.) W. On rocks and moist pared in subalpine parts, at Lough Bray. D. In similar places. Very rare... .Dr. Taylor. minuta, Crantz. Hist. Gren., p. 288. - Hook. Brit, Jung., t. 44. Diplophyllum minutum. Dumort. Rev. J ung., p. 16, et Hepat. Kurop., p. 49. W. Heathy and rocky banks, Lough Bray, and Seven Churches. : 256 Davip Moors, Px.D., F.LS. § C.—Lophoxia, Dumortier. 3 eat Hornschuchiana, Nees. Europ. Leberm. 2, p. 153. G. L. et N. - Synop. Hepat., p. 101. W. Wet places, near Woodenbridge. — barbata, Schreber. Spicil. Lips., p. 107. J. quinquidentata, Huds. Angl. Fl, p.511. Lophozia barbata. Dum. Rev. Jung., p. 17. W. Among rocks and on heathy banks. Frequent. D. Jn similar places. Frequent. Lyoni, Taylor in Trans. Bot., Soc. Edinb., 1 p. 116, t. 7. J. Socia. var., G. y., et N. Synop. Hepat, p. 112. I. barbata Var. GT et N., lc. p. 678. W. On rocky banks among mosses, at _ Glenmalur. Rare. ventricosa, Dicks. Pl. Crypt, 2, p.14. Hook. Brit. Jung. t. 28. ce Eng. Bot. t. 2568. Tayl in Fl. Hib. 2, p.60. W. Banks and rocks a in mountain situations, Lough Bray, &c., frequent. D. In 3 similar situations, frequent. excisa, Dicks. Pl. Crypt. 3, p. 11, t. 8, fig. 7%. Hook, Bing Jung. p. 11. lLophozia excisa, Dumort. Rev. Jung., p. 17. Woods and heathy banks. D. On the mountains. (Taylor) Rare. bicrenata, Lindenb. Synop. Hepat. p. 8%. Jungermannia excisa Sm. Engl. Bot. t. 2497. W. On damp shady banks, Lough Bray. § D.—Gymnocolea, Dumortier. laxifolia, Hook. Dumort Hook. Brit. Jung. t. 59. Eng. Bot. t. 2677. Gymnocolea laxitolia, Dumort. Rev. Jung. p. 17. et ; Hepat. Eur. p. 64. D. On rocks by the sides of rivulets, Ri Castle Kelly Mountain, Dr. Taylor. | inflata, Huds. Dumort. Jungermannia inflata, Huds, Flor, Ang. © p- 511. Gymnocolea inflata, Dumort, Rev. Jung. p. 17. et Hepat. Europ. p. 63. Hab. W. On wet rocks and banks, Lough Bray. D. Near Finglas. var, a compacta, Carrington. D. On the top of Howth Hill. affinis, Wilson. Dumort. Jungermannia turbinata. Wils. in | Eng. Bot. suppl. t. 2744. J. Wilsoniana, Nees. Europ. Leberm. ee 3, p. 548. Cooke, Brit. Jung. p. 10. f. 74. D. On the grey limestone, Woodlands, near Clonsilla, and the Finglas quarries. Nardia. Bennett Gray. 2 § A.—Marsupella (Dum) Lindberg. emarginata, Hhrh. B. Gr. Jungermannia emarginata, Ehrh. Beitr. 3, p. 80. Sm. Eng. Bot. t. 1022. Hook. Brit. Jung. t. 27. Sarcoscyphus Ehrharti. Corda in Opiz. Natural., p. 652. W. Wet rocks and sides of mountain rivulets. D. In similar situations. Common. hth sphacelata, Giesecke. Jungermannia sphacelata, Giesecke in Lindenb. Synop. Hep. p. 76. | Sarcoscyphus sphacelatus, Nees, i, Europ. Leber, p. 129. W. Wet rocks by the margins of = the mountain rivulets at Upper Lough Bray. Very rare. — 8. O. Lindberg. ys revoluta, Nees. Lindb. Sarcoscvphus revolutus. Nees Leberm, Eur. 2, p. 419. W. On rocks at Luggelaw. Very rare, D, Orr. 5 Hepatice of the Counties of Dublin and Wicklow, 257 § B.—WMesophylla, Dumort er. scalaris, Schrader. B. Gr. Jungermannia scalaris, Schrad. Samml. 2,p.4. Hook. Brit. Jung. t. 61. Alicularia scalaris corda, in Opiz. Natural, p. 653. W. On moist clay banks. D. Common. compressa, B. Gr. Carrington. Jungermannia compressa. Hook. Brit. Jung. t. 58, Alicularia compressa, G. L. et N, Syn. Hepat. p. 12. W. Sides of rivulets and moist rocky places, at Upper Lough Bray ; also at Luggelaw and Seven Churches. D. In similar places in Kelly’s Glen. Var f. rigida, Lindb. W. In wet boggy places at Upper Lough Bray and Seven Churches. § C.—Southbya, Spruce. obovata, Nees. Carrington. Jungermannia obovata, Nees, Hurop. Leberm. 1, p. 332; 2,p. 474. | Cooke. Brit. Jung. p. 8, fic. 62. Jungermannia tersa. Nees. Europ. Leberm, p. 471. W. Moist rocks, and by the sides of rivulets at Upper Lough Bray. hyalina, Lyell. Carrington. Jungermannia hyalina, Lyell, in Hook. Brit. Jung, t. 65.. Cook, Brit. Jung. p.. 8, fig. 61.. W. Moist banks and damp rocky recesses at Luggelaw, and Seven Churches. D. In similar places on Seefing mountain. Dr. Taylor. Sub-tribe 7.—Fossombromec. Pallavicinia. Bennett Gray. Hibernica, Hook. 3B. Gray. Jungermannia Hibernica Hook. Brit. Jung. t. 78. Blyttia Lyell, var y. Hibernica. G. L. et N. Synop. Hep. p. 475. Moerckia Hibernica, Gottsche, in tabenh. Hep. Europ. exsic. n. 295,334, et 335. D. On damp sandy ground, among the sand-hills near the sea where water has stood during the winter at the North Bull, and between Malahide and Portrane, very rare and local. Lyellii, Hook. B. Gr. Jungermannia Lyellii, Hook. Brit. Jung. t. 77. Dilena Lyellii Dumort. Comm. Bot. p. 114 (1822). Blyttia Lyellii, G. L. et N. Synop. Hep. p. 475. W. Boggy places among Sphagnum, at Upper Lough Bray. Petalophyilum. Gottsche. Raifsii, Gottsche, Wilson. Jungermannia Ralfsii Wilson, in suppl. to Eng. Bot, t. 2,874. Petalophyllum lamellatum. Lindberg, fanipulus, Musc. Secund., p. 396. D. On damp sandy ground near the sea, Malahide sands, and at North Bull sands, Not hitherto observed elsewhere in Ireland. Blasia, Michell. pusilla. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1,605. Jungermannia Blasia. Hook, Brit. Jung., t. 82-84. Tayl., in Fl. Hib. p. 56. W. On sandy moist banks, near Woodenbridge. D. Castle Kelly Glen fruiting in March. 258 Davip Moors on the Hepatice of Dublin and Wicklow. Pellia. Raddi. epiphylla, Dill. L. Raddi. Jungermannia epiphylla, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1, ed. 2, p. 1,135. Hook, Brit. Jung., t, 47, fies. 1, 4,3; 1 Tayl. in Fl. Hib., p. 56. W. On moist clay banks. D. In similar places. Common. calycina, Nees. Tayl. Jungermannia epiphylla, Var y. furcigera. Hook, Brit. Jung., t. 47, fig. 18, et. 2, 3,9, 10-12. Junger- mannia calycina. Tayl., in Fl. Hib., 2, p. 55. Pellia endivifolia, Pluk., Dicks. W. Shady moist places, sometimes quite im- mersed in water, at Altadore Glen, and Lough Bray. Sub-tribe 8.—Metzgerice. Metzgeria. Raddi. - 7 furcata, Linn. Dumort. Jungermannia furcata, Linn. Sp. Pl, 1,602. Hook, Brit. Jung, t. 55, et. 56. Eng. Bot., t. 1,632. Metzgeria glabra, Raddi. Jung., Htr. in Mem. Modena.18, p. 43, t. 7, fig. 1. W. On trunks of trees, and also on moist banks and . rocks. D. In similar situations. Common. Var. 6. eruginosa. W. On trunks of trees, frequent. D. Frequent in similar situations. Riccardia. Bennett Gray. moultifida, Dill, Linn., Gr. Jungermannia multifida, Linn, Sp. Pl, p. 1,602. Eng. Bot., t. 186.» Hook, Brit) jung, yee. excl. Var. 6. Aneura multifida, Dumort. Comm. Bot., p. 115. W. On wet places where water has stood during winter. D. In similar places. Common. Var. pinnatifida Dumort, Syll. Jung.—Aneura — pinnatifida, Dumort. Rev. Jung, p. 26, are found at Luggielaw and Lough Braye. W. palmata, Hedw. Carruth., Lindb. Jungermannia palmata Hedw. Theor. Gen. 1 ed., p. 87, t. 18, figs. 93, 95 ; et tab. 19, figs. 96-98. Aneura palmata, Dumort. Comm. Bot., p. 115. W. On the decaying trunks of old trees at Altadore Glen, near Delgany. pinguis, Linn., B. Gr. Jungermannia pinguis, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1,602. Hook, Brit. jung. t. 46. Eng. Bot., t. 185. Aneura pinguis, Dum. Comm. Bot., p. 115. Cooke, Brit. Jung., p. 23, fig. 174. W. Damp ravines, and margins of rivulets at Lough Bray. D. On wet sand at Malahide. SECTION II].—ANTHOCEROTACE Zi. Tribe 2.—Anthocerotece. Anthoceros. Micheli. punctatus, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1,606. Sm. Eng. Bot., t. 1,537. W. ~ Wet places by the sides of streams. Sugar Loaf Mountain. D, At Kelly’s Glen. LIST OF DIATOMACEA! FOUND IN THE COUNTIES OF DUBLIN AND WICKLOW. BY Rev. EUGENE O’MEARA, a.m. [Read March 18, 1878. ] Achanthes. Bory. » longipes. Agardh, », brevipes. Agardh, » Ssubsessilis. Kiitz. 2 semis... Kutz, » parvula. Kitz. Achnanthidium. Kitz. » lanceolatum. SBréb. . » coarctatum. Bréb. 5 ‘aicrocephalum. Kiitz, ,» lineare. Wm. Sm., Actinocyclus. Ehr. » Ralfsii. Wm. Sm., . » Moniliformis. Ralfs, . Pie. Ckassuisn | Wins Sm:,.: Pe eOLVvuS., + Wa, Sm. Actinoptychus. Ehr. » sSenarius. HKhr. Amphipleura. Kutz. g pellucida. - Kiitz. Amphiprora. Ehr. ~ jaldta, Kitz, ‘ » didyma. Wm. Sm. >. Vitrea. Wm; Sm. 5, constricta.. --Ebr, » ~ duplex. . Donkin, », lepidoptera. Greg. 5» Maxima. Greg. 97. pusile. - Greg. Amphitetras. hr. , antediluviana. Ehr. Sea-weeds near town of Wicklow. Malahide, Portmarnock, Salt Hill. Malahide, co. Dublin. Grand Canal, Hazlehatch, co. Dublin. Clontarf, Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Ditch near town of Wicklow. Dollymount, co. Dublin. Dundrum, co. Dublin. Dundrum, co. Dublin. Dalkey, co. Dublin. Ballybrack, co. Dublin. Dalkey, Malahide, Howth, co. Dublin. Dalkey, co. Dublin. Dalkey, Dollymount, Portmarnock. Marl-pit near Arklow, co. Wicklow. Portmarnock, Malahide, co. Dublin. Seaweeds near Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Howth, co. Dublin. town of Wicklow. Salt Hill, Malahide, co. Dublin. Salt Hill, Howth, co. Dublin. co. Wicklow.:: , « Malahide, Ireland’s Eye, co. Dublin. Breaches, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Wicklow. Salt marsh near Bray, Breaches, co. Howth, Malahide, Rush, co. Dublin. 260 Amphora. Ehr. » Sulcata. Bréb. : » ovalis.. Kitz. 3). -affimis.. Kitz. » ._ hyalina. Kiitz. ,» salina. Wm. Sm. » membranacea. Wim.Sm. » minutissima. Wm.Sm. >. sy leevas. “Greg. 3, pellucida. Gres. » robusta. Greg. » cymbifera. Greg. » crassa. Greg. » dubia... Gres: » ventricosa. Greg. » arenaria. Donkin, * . granulata.. Gree. » .tevissima. Greg. 4, > lytata.. Gree. Se ee ama. | Gaeg, » €Clongata. Greg. ,» ocellata. Donkin, Arachnodiscus. Ehr. » hrenbergii. Bailey, . Asterionella. Hassall. » formosa. Hassall, A ekalien.. WVine sm. » gracillima. Heiberg, . » Bleakley. Wm. Sm. Auliscus. hy. » sculptus. Wm. Sm. Bacillaria. Gmel. » paradoxa. Gmel. . Berkeleya. Greville, — ‘ » fragilis. Greville, Biddulphia. Gray, ,» turgida, Ebr. » aurita. Lyngb. 5, Yhombus. Ehr. 4 » pulchella. Gray, Campylodiscus. Ehr. » costatu. Wm. Sm, . Rev. EUGENE O'Meara, A.M. North Strand; co. Dublin. Killakee, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. iy Malahide, co. Dublin. Ba Doilymount, Malahide, co. Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Dublin. -Killakee, Friarstown, Lucan, co. Dublin. . Howth, co. Dublin. , Fawn, co. Dublin. Treland’s Hye, co. Dublin. Treland’s Eye, co. Dublin. Kalcool, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Ireland’s Eye, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Salt ditch near town of Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Malahide, Baldoyle, co. Dublin. Malahide, Baldoyle, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Baldoyle, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. R. Dodder. Grand Canal, co. Dublin. Tinahely, co. Wicklow. Dollymount, co. Dublin. Dalkey, Portmarnock, Howie CO. Dublin. | Malahide, Dollymount, co, Dublin. Clontarf, co. Dublin. Salt ditch near town of Wicklow. } Salt Hill, co. Dublin. Malahide, co, Dublin. Bailybrack, Malahide, Dollymount, — Howth, co. Dublin. © Malahide, Baldoyle, Ballybrack, Dele i mount, co. Dublin. : Malahide, Baldoyle, co. Dublin. R, Dodder, Bohernabreena, co. Dublin. Campylodiscus. Cocconeis. » Cocconema. ~ lamprosticta. Diatorracece of Dublin and Wicklow. Ehr. Hodgsonii. Wm. Sm. . spiralis. Wm. Sm. cribrosus. parvulus. Ralfsi. simulans. bicostatus. Ehr. pediculus. Thwaitesil. scutellum. Wm. Sm. Greg. Ehr. Ehr. diaphana. arraniensis. Grey. Grantiana. Grev. eranulifera. Grev. binotata. Grunow, punctatissima. Ebr. lanceolatum. Ehr. Ehr. cymbiforme. cistula. Ebr. Wai rte’. Wm. Sm. . Wn. Sie: Wim. Sm. Wm. Sm. Greg. . Grev. parvum. Wm.8m. . cornutum. Ebr. Colletonema. Bréb. ?) 7) Coscinodiscus. 9? vulgare. Thwaites neglectum. Thwaites. Ehr. oculus iridis. omphalanthus. centralis. Ehr. stellaris. Roper, concinnus. perforatus. hr. Ehr. radiatus. radiolatus. Ehr, nitidus. Greg. Ebr. . Ehr. . Wm. Sm. 261 Malahide, co. Dublin. Bray, co, Wick- low. Glencree. Bray, co. Wicklow. Dublin Bay. Breaches, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Baldoyle, co. Dublin. Malahide, Sutton, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Everywhere in fresh water. Blackcastle, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Portmarnock, co. Sea-weeds near Wicklow. Dalkey, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. tomachs of ascidians. Dublin. Dublin Bay. Newcastle Lyons, co. Dublin. Powers: court, co. Wicklow. Clontarf, R. Dodder, Newcastle Lyons, co. Dublin. Clontarf, Botanic Gardens, SURE co. aii Portobeilo, Dundrum, co. Dublin. Slate quarry, Glenmore, co. Wicklow. Dundrum, co. Dublin Carrickwnacrilly, co. Wicklow. Grand Canal, co, Dublin. Monkstown, Ballybrack, Dalkey, co. Dublin. Dublin Bay. Ballybrack, Dalkey, CO. Dublin. Dublin Bay. Pelisbiack Dublin Bay. Oyster beds, Howth, Monkstown, Dal- key, Ballybrack, co, Dublin. Dollymount, Ballybrack, Malahide, Dalkey, co. Dublin. Dalkey. Dublin Bay. Malahide, co. Dublin. 262 Coscinodiscus. lineatus. 3? Creswellia. 99 Cyclotella. 99 7) Cymatopleura. 7? 7) 7) 9 Cymbella. 2) 9) Denticula. - obtusa, 29 73 2) Diatoma. 9? 93 turris. _ Rev. Eugene O'Meara, A.M. punctulat Ebr. Ehr. Ehrenbergii. O’M. minor. Ebr. us. Greg. eccentricus. Ehr, Grev. Grev. Kitz. Kiitzingiana. Thwaites. Meneghiniana. operculata. Kaitz. ~ var. O'M. rotula. Kiitz. Wm. Sm. solea. Wm. Sm., apiculata. parallela. elliptica, Wu. Sm. Win. Sm. Kiitz. Wm. Sm. . Agardh. cuspidata. Kutz. affinis. Kitz. maculata. helvetica. Kiitz. Kitz. ventricosa. Agardh, lunata. porrecta. mutabilis ocellata. vulgare. grande. Rab., Rab., Kutz. Kitz. Wi. Sm. De Candolle. Bory, Wim. Sm, . Wm. Sm ; Malahide, Monkstown, co. Dublin. Sea- weeds, Wicklow. Breaches,co. Wick- low. Malahide, Dollymount, co. Dublin. — Tide-pool, Dalkey, co. Dublin. On Fucus serratus, Ballybrack, co. Dublin. Dublin Bay. Dublin Bay. R. Liffey, co. Dublin. Kilcool, -co. Wicklow. . Feather-bed mountain, Lucan, co. Dub- lin. Kailcool, co. Wicklow. Glencree, co. Wicklow. Ballymore Eustace, co. Wicklow. Lucan, Feather-bed mountain, Grand Canal, co. Dublin. Neweastle Lyons, co. Dublin ; Powers- court, co. Wicklow. . Kallakee, R. Dodder, co. Dublin ; Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. R. Dodder, co. Dublin. Lucan, Grand Canal, Portobello, co. — Dublin. | Bohernabreena, Dundrum, Howth, co. Dublin. Piperstown, co. Dublin. Newcastle Lyons, co. Dublin ; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Lucan, R. Dodder, co. Dublin. Howth, co. Dublin. Howth, co. Dublin. x R. Dodder, Grand Canal, co. Dublin, — Lucan, Bohernabreena, co. Dublin; Black Castle, co. Wicklow. North Wall, co. Dublin. R. Dodder, Grand Canal, Portobello,co, Dublin. : ~ Rett Kallakee, R, Liffey, co. Dublin. Diatomacee of Dublin and Wicklow. 263 Diatoma. De Candolle. 73 PB) elongatum. Agardh tenue. Kitz. Dickieia. Berkeley. ulvoides. Berkeley, . bb) 23 pinnata. Ralfs, Dimerogramma. Ralf. 3? minus. Greg. Donkinia. Ralfs, carinata. Donkin, recta. Donkin, angusta. Donkin, minuta. Donkin, Eneyonema. Kiitz. 9) 9) prostratum. Ralfs, cespitosum. Kiitz, Epithemia. Kiitz. turgidaa Wm.Sm., . 7? 9? granulata. Kitz. zebra. Kutz. longicornis. Ehr., alpestris. Wm. Sm . sorex. Ktitz. musculus. Kitz. rupestris. Wm. Sm . constricta. Wm.Sm . gibba. Kitz. ventricosa. Kiitz. marina, Donkin, globigera. Heiberg, . Eunotia. Ehr. arcus. Wm. Sm., gracilis. Wm.Sm., . diodon. Ehr. tetraodon. SHhr., camelus. Ehr., Eupodiscus. Ebr. ”? argus, Ehr., Dundrum, co. Dublin; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Howth, co. Dublin. Greystones, co. Wicklow. Dollymount, Clontarf, Malahide, Bally- brack, co. Dublin. Dollymount, Ireland’s Eye, co, Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, Iveland’s Eye, co, Dublin. Howth, ‘co. Dublin. Salthill, co. Dublin. R. Dodder, co. Dublin. Dundrum, R. Dodder, co. Dublin. Powerscourt, Glencree, Arklow, co. Wicklow. Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Arklow, co. Wicklow. Glencree, co. Wicklow. R. Dodder, co. Dublin ; Glencree, Newcastle, Co. Wicklow. Greystones, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Dollymount, co Dublin. Killakee, R. Dodder, co. Dublin ; Glen- cree, co. Wicklow. Portmarnock, co. Dublin ; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. R. Dodder, co. Dublin ; Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Killakee, R. Dodder, co. Dublin. Sea-weeds, near town of Wicklow. Mazrl-pit, Arklow, co. Wicklow. R. Dodder, co. Dublin ; Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Piperstown, co. Dublin ; Rathdrum, Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Kaillakee, co. Dublin. Killakee, Feather Bed Mountain, co. Dublin. Feather Bed Mountain, co. Dublin. Dublin Bay. 264 Fragillaria. 9) 73 9) 99 99 2) 9? 2) 29 7) Gomphonema. Pr) 99 9) 99 Rey. Evcene O'Meara, A.M. Lyne. capucina. virescens. Desmar. . Ralfs,. --"s sequalis. Heiberg, . maxima. O’Meara, . crotonensis. Kitton . tenuicollis, Heiberg. striatula. Lyng. ° construens. Ehr., . undata.. Wim. Sm.,- . mesolepta. Rab. . Agardh. geminatum. Agardh. constrictum. Ehr., . acuminatum. LEhr., . dichotomum. Kutz. . tenellum. Wm.Sm.. capitatum. Ehr., . olivaceum. Ehr., . intricatum. Kautz, vibrio. Ehr., elongatum. Wm.Sm. insigne. Greg. . hebridense. Greg. . rostratum. Wm. Sm. minutissimum. Greg. . sarcophagus. Greg. Himantidium. Ehr, 79 9? pectinale. Kutz . Wm.8m. Kiitz. A undulatum. Soleirolii. arcus, Wm, Sm., — “gas -- Everywhere in fresh water. Friarstown, Piperstown, Killakee, co. %5 Dublin; Glencree, Greenane, co. Wicklow. a Oyster Beds, Malahide, Co. Dublin. ‘a Aghold, co. Wicklow. pa Newcastle Lyons, co. Dublin ; Green- ane, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin; Greenane, co. — Wicklow. ” Ballybrack, Moxakstown, Kingstown, co. Dublin ; Arklow, co. Wicklow. % Piperstown, Killakee, co. Dublin. is Bohernabreena, Killakee, co. Dublin. Malahide, Ringsend, co. Dublin. R. Dodder, Bohernabreena, co. Dublin. Lucan, Friarstown, Malahide, co, Dub- lin ; Arklow, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, R. Dodder, co. Dublin ; Powerscourt, Arklow, co. Wicklow. Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Lucan, Malahide, co. Dublin ; Arklow, co. Wicklow. Newcastle Lyons, co. Dublin. : Very common: => 1.4 4 Powerscourt, Arklow, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin; Arklow, co. Wicklow. Arklow, co. Wicklow. é Friarstown, Boat Harbour, Dolphin’s Barn, co. Dublin ; Powerscourt, Glencree, co. Wicklow. Killakee, co. Dublin. Pond in Trinity College Botanic Gar- dens, co. Publin ; Arklow, co. Wick- low. Friarstown. R. Dodder, co. Dublin. R. Dodder, co. Dublin. Carrickmacrilly, Wicklow. : Rathdrum, Powerscourt, co. Wide Piperstown, Feather Bed Mountain, R. Dodder, co. Dublin ; Powerscourt, s co. Wicklow. , ae Glencree, Powerscourt. Rathdrum, CO," <¢ Wicklow. : pes Powerscourt, co. Diatomaceee of Dublin and Wicklow. Himantidium. Ehr. » bidens. Ehr., ° oo -eracile.: Hhr., ‘ =e mmajyas. Wim. Sm. >:~. » nodosum. Ehr., ‘ Homeocladia. Agardh. » Martiana. Agardh, we hiormis: Wim Sim. » sigmoidea. Wim. Sm. ~ Isthmia. A gardh. » nervosa. Kiitz, ‘ » enervis. Ehr., ; Fichmophora. Agardh. » flabellata. Agardh, » Splendida. Grev. eeoreoninm. Link. » nummuloides.Wm.Sm. west. - Wm, Su., Mastogloia. Thwaites & Wm. Sm. YP) » Danseti. Thwaites, » apiculata, Wm. Sm. » § Smithu. Thwaites, . oe. Grevillu, -Wim. Sm... Melosira. Agardh. = <.borren. Greville, 5, Subflexilis. Kitz, » varians. Agardh, » distans. Kiitz. Meridion. Agardh. » circulare. Agardh, Navicula. Bory. nobilis. Ehr., 9 4 majors “Kutz. » viridis. Nitzsch, : lanceolata. Thwaites. hs SS OC Killakee, co. Dublin. Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Rathdrum, Lugnaquilla, co. Wicklow. Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Monkstown, co. Dublin. Howth, co. Dublin. North Wall, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, Howth, co. Dublin. Sutton, Ballybrack, co. Dublin. Malahide, Dollymount, co. Dublin ; Salt Ditch near Wicklow. Dollymount, Oyster Beds, Howth, co. Dublin; Salt ditch near Wicklow. Dollymount, co. Dublin; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Dollymount, co. Dublin. Kilcool, Greystones, co. Wicklow. Kalcool, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Dollymount, Howth, co. Dublin ; Salt ditch near Wicklow. rreystones, co. Wicklow. Common in fresh water. Killakee, Dundrum, co. Dublin; Kil- cool, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, Killiney, co. Dublin ; Glen- eree, co. Wicklow. Feather Bed Mountain, co. Dublin ; Lugnaquilla, co. Wicklow. Killakee, Feather Bed Mountain, co. Dublin ; Arklow, Greenane, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, Feather Bed Mountain, co. Dublin ; ; Greenane, bier co. Wicklow. Rev. EuGENE O’MEaARA, A.M. 266 Navicula. Bory. alpine.) 7 Nvan. fem, » pachyptera. Ehr., ,) adastams. . WansSm-, »y) 99 Trevelyana. Donkin, . oblonga. Kitz. divergens. Wim. Sm., borealis. Ehr., : tabellaria. Ehr., var. acrospheeria. Bréb, clepsydra. Donkin, . gibba, Ehr., hemiptera. Kutz. : Bréb. Kiitz. apiculata. Brebissonii. icostauron. Hhr., isocephala. hr., nodosa. Ehr., bicapitata. var. crucifera. Pin- nularia ase ae Wm. Sm., var constricta. Gr unow, termes. hr., iF microstauron. LEhr., pinnularia. Cleve. . cuneata. O’Meara, . acuminata. Wm. Sm. retusa. Breb., integra. Wm. Sm., . pachycephala. Rab., . subcapitata. Greg. . . Killakee, Feather Bed Mountain, co. O'Meara, Featherbed Mountain, Ballybrack, co. Friarstown, Featherbed Mountain, pee Dublin. R. Dodder, Feather Bed Mountain, co. Dublin ; Glencree, co. Wicklow. Malahide , Dalkey, Howth, Dollymount, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Newcastle Lyons, co. Dublin; Kilcool, Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Featherbed Mountain, Killakee, co. Dublin. . Featherbed Mountain, co. Glencree, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, Piperstown, Killakee, co. Dublin; Glencree, _Lugnaquilla, co. Wicklow. Carnew, Greenane, co. Wicklow. Ireland’s Eye, co. Dublin. Featherbed Mountain, co. Dublin ; Rathdrum, Carrickmacrilly, Lugna- quilla, co. Wicklow. Lucan, Featherbed Mountain, Friars- town, co. Dublin; Rathdrum, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Ireland’s Eye, co. Dublin. Featherbed Mountain, Killakee, co. Dublin; Rathdrum, co. Wicklow. Featherbed Mountain, co. Dublin. Friarstown, co. Dublin Friarstown, Featherbed Mountain, co. Dublin; Kilcool, Lugnaquilla, co. Wicklow. Dublin ; * Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Glencree, co. Wicklow. Featherbed Mountain, co. Featherbed Mountain, co. Featherbed Mountain, co. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Featherbed Mountain, co. Dublin. Featherbed Mountain, Killakee, co. Dublin; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Power scourt, co. Wicklow. Dublin. Dublin. Dublin. Dublin. lakee, co, Dublin, Diatomacew of Dublin and Wicklow. Navicula. Bory. jee Sracillima.:” Greg..." -. » cuspidata. Wm. Sm., » vhombica. Greg. : » tumens. Wm. Sm. » rostrata, . Khr., ‘ dubia. ovulum. Grunow, latiuscula, Kiitz. Barkeriana. O’Meara, Bory. . amphisbeena. subsalina. Hhr. . elegans. Wm. Sm. angulosa. Greg. - semiplena. Greg. liber. Wm. Sm. ; iridis. hr. var. amphigomphus. Ehr. - var. affinis. hr. Ehr. limosa. Kitz. ; var. gibberula. Kitz. var. truncata. Kutz. producta. Wm. Sm.. maxima. Greg. : subula. Kiitz, i veneta. Kutz. ‘ Johnsonii. Wm. Sm. simulans. Donkin, . 267 Friarstown, Piperstown, co. Dublin ; Rathdrum, Lugnaquilla, co. Wick- low. River Dodder, co. Dublin; Powers- court, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Salt Hill, co. Dublin; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Salt Hill, co. Dublin; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Dalkey, co. Dublin; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. River Dodder, Dundrum, Blackrock, Malahide, co. Dublin ; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Blackrock, co. Dublin ; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. . Malahide, co. Dublin; Newcastle, co. ‘Wicklow. | Malahide, co. Dublin. Dollymount, co. Dublin; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Kilcool, Glenmalure, co. Wicklow. Piperstown, co. Dublin; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. é Kcillakee, co. Dublin; Newcastle, Kil- cool, Lugnaquilla, co. Wicklow. Pond, Trinity College Botanic Garden, co. Dublin ; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Pond, Trinity College Botanic Garden, co. Dublin; Powerscourt, co. Wick- low. Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, River Dodder, co. Dublin. Pond, 'lrinity College Botanic Garden, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, Ireland’s Eye, co. Dublin ; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Dollymount, co. Dublin; Bray River, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Portmarnock, co, Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. REV. EUGENE O’MEARA, A.M. 268 Navicula. Bory. » delginensis. O’Meara, »» » Hhembordes,” hr... 5 serians. Bréb, » ¢rassinervia. Bréb, 5. carhynchus. > Hhrwn » rostellum. Wm. Sm. » Jevissima. Kitz. » oblongella. Naegelli, 5» incurva. . Greg. punctulata. Wm. Sm. humerosa. Bréb, maculosa. Donkin, pusilla. Win. Sin. var. lanceolata. Grunow tumida. Wm. Sm. Smithii. Bréb. Collisiana, O’Meara, . elliptica. Kitz. var. costata. lyra. Ehr. O'Meara, var.forcipata. Greville. pygmea. Kiitz. museca. Greg. bombus. do. didyma. Ehr. apis. Kiitz. directa. Wm. Sm. lanceolata. Kitz. radiosa. do. Ehr. Wr. Sm. gracilis. acuta. peregrina. Ehr. Dalkey Island, Malahide, co. Dublin. Friarstown, Piperstown, co. Dublin Rathdrum, Glencree, co. Wicklow. Piperstown, co. Dublin ; Glencree, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, Piperstown, Mountain, co. Dublin ; Glencree, co. Wicklow. Featherbed Mountain, co. Dublin. Killakes, co. Dublin. Featherbed . y Rathdrum, Pond, Trinity College Botanic Garden, — a co. Dublin. Killakee, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, Malahide, co. Dublin ; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Dollymount, co. Dublin. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Portmarnock, co. Dublin; N San co. Wacko, Kilcool, Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Kilcool,.co. Wicklow. Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Lucan, Killakee, Bohernabreena, co. Dublin ; Wicklow. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. : Malahide, Portmarnock, co. Dublin ; Kalcool, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Portmarnock, Dollymount, Dalkey, co. Dublin. Malahide, Portmarnock, Dollymount, co. Dublin. Dollymount, co. Dublin. Malahide, Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Malahide, Portmarnock, Dollymount, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Kalcool,:co. Wicklow. River Dodder, Bohernabreena, Glen- nasmole, Killakee, co. Dublin. Killiney, Ballybrack, co. Dublin. River Dodder, pond, Trinity Coleg Botanic Garden, co. Dublin; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Howth, Wicklow: Glencree, Powerscourt, ceo. co. Dublin ; New co. a Navicula. 9? Nitzschia. sigmoidea. Wm. Sm. . 7) Diatomacee of Dublin and Wicklow. Bory. digito-radiata. Greg. . Ergadensis. cyprinus, Greg. hr. solaris. veneta. Heufleri. Grunow, fortis. Greg. arenaria. Donkin, inflexa. Greg. carassius, EKhr. Greg. Kiitz. mutica. Kitz. inflata. do. mesolepta. Ehr. anglica. Ralfs. var. sublinearis. Donk. Wm. Sm. angustata. binodis. Ehr. dicephala, do. rhynchocephala. Kiitz. rostellifera. cancellata. minor. Greg. incurvata. Greg. Hassall. Greg. Brebissonii. Wm. Sm. sigma. Wm. Sm. linearis. Wm. Sm. spathulata. Wm. Sm. Wan, Sm: >. Wm. Sm. amphioxus. Wm, Sm. angularis. lanceolata. vivax. Wm. Sm. dubia. Wm. Sm, Donkin. . 269 Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Portmarnock, Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, Portmarnock, Dalkey, co. Dublin ; sea-weeds near Wicklow town. Malahide, co. Dublin. Killakee, Clontarf, co. Dublin. Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Dundrum, co. Dublin; Glencree, Kil- cool, co. Wicklow. Killakee, co. Dublin; Wicklow. River Dodder, Kuillakee, co. Dublin ; Glencree, Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Common in elevated districts. Killakee, pond, Trinity College Botanic Garden, co. Dublin. Killakee, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin; Black Castle, co. Wicklow. Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, Lucan, Killakee, co. Dub- lin; Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. River Dodder, Dundrum, co, Dublin ; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Portmarnock, co.. Dublin. Malahide, Potmarneck, co. Dublin. Dollymount, co. Dublin. Dollymount, co. Dublin. Glencree, co. - Lucan, Newcastle Lyons, Dundrum, co. Dublin. Friarstown, R. Dodder, Bohernabreena, co. Dublin. Malahide, Portmarnock, co. Dublin ; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, R. Dodder, co. Dublin ; Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Salt Hill, co. Dublin. Lucan,R. Dodder, Dundrum,co. Dublin ; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Glenmalure, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Salt Hill, co. Dublin. ” REV. EUGENE O’MEaArRA, A.M. me Ba. 270 Nitzschia. Hassall. : » Dbilobata. Wm. Sm.. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. oe » plana. Wm. Sm. . Newcastle, co. Wicklow. a , birostrata. Wm. Sm. . Salt Hill, co. Dublin. oh , closterium. Wm.Sm.. Salt Hill, co. Dublin. i a » curvula. Wm.Sm. . Lucan, R. Dodder, co. Dublin. » panduriformis. Greg. Portmarnock, salt ditch near town of et Wicklow. ». virgata. Roper, Malahide, Portmarnock, co. Dublin. 5y> shyalina. “Gres: . Malahide, co. Dublin. 5 palea. Wm. Sm. » Kilcool, co. Wicklow. » insignis. Greg. « Dalkey, co. Dublin ; Newcastle, co. » thermalis: Grunow,. » Hungarica. Grunow, minutissima. Wm. Sm. Odontidium. Kiitz. 5 sinuatum,. .; Wm. Sm. » hyemale. Lyngb. » mesodon. Ehr. anomalum. Wm. Sm. tenue. Kiitz. ». elegans. Kiitz. Odontodiscus. Ehr. excentricus. BS Ehr. Orthosira. Thwaites. , ,, arenaria. D. Moore, » Ssuleata. Ehr, orichalecea. Wm. Sm. 99 Rab. ; Plagiogramma. Greville, staurophorum. » roseana. ‘ Greg. Wm. Sm. Wim. Win. Wm. Sm. Wim. Sm. Wim. Sm. Pleurosigma. formosum. decorum. speciosum. » elongatum. », nubecula. Sm. Sm. Wicklow. Killakee, Blackrock, co. Dublin; Kil- cool, Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Kingstown, co. Dublin. North Wall, co. Dublin. R. Dodder, co. Dublin; Slate Quarry, Glenmore, co. Wicklow. Black Castle, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, Piperstown, co. Dublin ; Glencree, Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Powerscourt, Rathdrum, Black Castle, co. Wicklow. Dollymount, Malahide, Dalkey, Bally- brack, co. Dublin. k Killakee, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Dalkey, co. Dublin; near town of Wicklow. Killakee, co. Dublin; Glencree, co. Wicklow. Killakee, co. Dublin. Dublin; Kuilcool, co. Dollymount Oyster Beds, Malahide, co. Dublin. Howth, Malahide, co. Dublin. ae Salt Hill, co. Dublin. on Salt Hill, co. Dublin. Bray, Newcastle, co. Wicklow. fd Malahide, co. Dublin; Kilcool, co. ey Wicklow. | eye: ge Pleurosigma. Diatomacee of Dublin and Wicklow. 271 Wm. Sm. delicatulum. Wm. Sm. strigosum. Wm. Sm. quadratum. Wm. Sm. angulatum. Wm. Sm. eestuaril. balticum, Wm. Sm. . Wm. Sm. acuminatum. Wm. Sm. distortum. Wm. Sm. fasciola, Wm. Sm. MacrumMm. Wm. Sm. . prolongatum. Wm.Sm. tenuissimum. Wm. Sm. Wm. Sm. . hippocampus. Wm. Sm. littorale. attenuatum. Wm. Sm. lacustre. Spencerii. marinum. Wm. Sm. . Wim. Sm. Donkin, lanceolatum. Donkin. Wansbeckil. Normanii. naviculaceum. Ralfs. Donkin. Bréb. intermedium. Wm.Sm. Podocystis. Kiitz. » adriatica. Kiitz. Podosira. Ehyr. » maculata. Wm. Sm. Podosphenia. Ehr. » LHhrenbergu. Kiitz. . 5 Lyngbyei. Kiitz. » Jdurgensi. Kiitz. Ralfsia. O'Meara. » hyalina. Kitz. Malahide, co. Dublin; Salt Marsh, near town of Wicklow. Dalkey, Howth, Malahide, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, Malahide, co. Dublin ; Salt Marsh, near town of Wicklow. Malahide, co, Dublin; Salt Marsh, near town of Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Dalkey, Portmarnock, co. Dublin ; Salt Marsh, near town of Wick- low. Salt Hill, Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin ; Salt Marsh near town of Wicklow. Treland’s Eye, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin; Salt Marsh, near town of Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Salt Marsh, near town of Wicklow. Portmarnock, co. Dublin ; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Grand Canal Portobello, Bohernabreena, co. Dublin; Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Grand Canal, Ditch, Phoenix Park, co. Dublin. Lucan,R, Dodder, Dundrum,co. Dublin ; Dunlavin, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Kingstown, co. Dublin. Malahide, co, Dublin. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Dalkey, co. Dublin. Dublin Bay. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Dalkey, Sutton, co. Dublin. R. Liffey, Dublin. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Newcastle, co, Wicklow. 272 Rhaphoneis. Ehr. » Yhombus. Ehr. » orenziana. Grunow. » Harrison. Wm. Sm. Rhabdonema. Kiitz. 5 arcuatum. Lyngb. » mmutum. “Kutz. : » vadriaticum. -acutz. .*. Rhipidophora. Kiitz. » €longata. Kitz. » paradoxa. Kiitz. Rhizosolenia. Ehr. » Ssbyliformis. Brightwell » setigera. Brightwell. » calear-avis. Schultze. Rhoicosphenia. Grunow. we curyata. “ICutz, va marina, avy it. Sin. Sceptroneis. Hhr. », caduceus. Ehr. Schizonema. Agardh. » crucigerum. Wm. Sm. » Smith. Agardh. » divergens. Wm. Sm. » mucosum. Kiitz. » Grevillu. Agardh. » helmintosum. Chauvin » comoides. Agardh. »» parasiticum. Harvey. 5 ,obbusum: + Grev. » Dillwynii. Agardh. . Scoliopleura. Grunow. : » osennerii. Wm. Sm. . » Westii, Wm. Sm. » convexa. Wm. Sm. Striatella. Agardh. ; » unipunctata. Lyngb. Stauroneis. Ehr. », Pheenicenteron. Ehr. p.. gracilis,” | Hhr. . Rev. EUGENE O'Meara, A.M. Dollymount, co. Dublin. Dollymount, co. Dublin. 4g Friarstown, R. Dodder, Bohernabreena CO. Dublin. Malahide, Ballybrack, co. Dublin. Malahide, Ballybrack, Salt Hill, Dolly- mount, co. Dublin. | Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. a Bal lybrack, co, Dublin. nl Dalkey, co. Dublin. Dalkey, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. R. Dodder, co. Dublin. Kingstown, Malahide, co. Dublin. Monkstown, co. Dublin. Malahide, Portmarnock, Salt Hill, co. Dublin. Howth, Salt Hill, Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, Salt Hill, co. Dublin. Malahide, Howth, co. Dublin. Malahide, Merrion, co. Dublin. Howth, Malahide, co. Dublin. Howth ,Malahide, co. Dublin. Malahide, Salt Hill, co. Dublin. Merrion, Malahide, co. Dublin. Merrion, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, Malahide, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, Malahide, co. Dublin. Portmarnock, Malahide, co. Dublin. Howth, Salt Hill, co, Dublin; Bray, co. Wicklow. ) Killakee, co. Dublin; Kileool, Glens malure, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, Killakee, co. Dublin E Powerscourt, co. Wicklow Stauroneis. Surirella. Diatomacee of Dublin and Wacklow. 273 Ebr. salina. Wm. Sm. \ erucicula. Wm. Sm. anceps. Hhr. linearis. Ehr. aspera. Kitz. . amphicephala, Kiitz. . amphioxus. Greg. exilis. Kitz. Mackintoshii. O’Meara Turpin. biseriata. Bréb. Win. Sin. linearis. constricta. Wm. Sm. splendida. Kiitz. nobilis. Wm. Sm. striatula, Turpin, Ehr. gemma. fastuosa. Ehr. é craticula. Ehr. ovalis. Bréb panduriformis. Sm. Brightwellii. Wm. Sm. ovata. Kutz. salina. Wm. Sm. angusta. Kiitz. Wm. minuta. Bréb. - elegans. Ehr. crumena. Bréb. : apiculata. Wm. Sm. . Syndendrium. Ehr. 7? diadema. Ehr, Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, Lucan, Killakee, co. Dublin. — Lucan, Blackrock, co. Dublin ; Glen- cree, co. Wicklow. Portmarnock, Malahide, Dalkey, co. Dublin. Killakee, co. Dublin. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Killakee, co. Dublin. Stomachs of ascidians. Monkstown, co. Dubim, Glenchree, co. Feather-bed mountain, co. Dublin. Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Killakee, co. Dublin. Rathdrum, Lug- naquilla, co. Wicklow. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Featherbed mountain, co. Dublin. Featherbed mountain, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Bray, co. Wick- low. : Howth, Portmarnock, Dollymount, co. Dublin. Bray, co. Wicklow. Howth, Dalkey, Malahide, co. Dublin. Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Marsh near town of Wicklow. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. R. Dodder, co. Dublin. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Lucan, co. Dublin. Malahide, Clontarf, co. Dublin. R. Dodder, Dundrum, co. Dublin. Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Friarstown, R. Dodder, Dundrum, co. Dublin. Blackcastle, Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Killakee, co. Dublin. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Killakee, co. Dublin. Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Kingstown, co. Dublin. Rev. Eucenr O’Maara, A.M. 274 Synedra. Ehr. » erystallina. Lyngb. . » fulgens. Grev. ‘ » superba. Kiitz. : », amphicephala. Kiitz.. 5» imvestiens. Wm. Sm. » acuta. Kiitz. » tenuissima. Kiitz. yy eracilis, « sKentz, : yy) pamandts, (ilo: » 5, biceps. Kitz. : », pulchella. Kiitz. . var. gracilis. Wm. Sm. var. acicularis. Wu. Sm. var. lanceolata. Wm. Sm. var. linearis. Wm. Sm. capitata. HEhr. ulna Ehr. : var.oxyrhynchus. Kiitz var. amphirhynchus. Ehr. longissima. Wm. Sm. splendens. Kiitz. var. radians. Kiitz. salina. Wm. Sm. . Gallionii. Ebr. spathulata. O’Meara. barbatula. Kitz. ; tubulata. Agardh. ., arcus. Kiitz. . affinis. Kiitz. . Nitzschoides. Grunow. putealis. O’Meara, Smithii. O'Meara, . Friarstown, Lucan, co. Dublin. Salt Hill, co. Dublin. Malahide, Dublin Bay. Malahide, co. Dublin. Kilcool, Powerscourt, co. Wicklow Malahide, Kingstown Harbour, Salt Hill, OO: Dublin. ) Malahide, St. Well, Sutton, co. Dublin. Bohernabreena, Dundrum, St. Fenton’s Well, Sutton, co. Dublin. Salt Hill, co. Dublin. Glencree, Glen- malure, co. Wicklow. Killakee, co. Dublin. Carrickmacreilly, — co. Wicklow. Kilcool, co. Wicklow. Blackcastle, Newcastle, co. Wicklow. Kilcool, Blackcastle, co. Wicklow. Howth, co. Dublin. castle, co. Wicklow. Malahide, co. Dublin. Blackeastle, co. Nickion. Lucan, Dundrum, co. Dublin. co. Wicklow. R. Dodder, co. Dublin. Aer a hie. R. Dodder, co. Dublin. Kalcool, Black- Kileool, Ditch near Bohernabreena, R. Dodder, co. Dublin. Greenane, Powerscourt, co. Wicklow. Malahide, St. Fenton’s Well, Sutton, co. Dublin. Ditch near town of Wicklow. Lucan, Friarstown, Bohernabreena, Malahide, co. Dublin. Friarstown, co. Dublin. Malahide, Clontarf, co. Dublin. Malahide, Howth, co. Dublin. Well, Newcastle Lyons, co. Dublin. Salt Hill, co. Dublin. Malahide, co. Dublin. Wicklow. Malahide, Monkstown, co. Bray, co. Wicklow. Malahide, Clontarf, co. Dublin. Rush, co. Dublin. © Newcastle, co. St. Fenton’ Well, Sutton, co. Dublin St. Fenton’s Well, Sutton, co, Dublin. | Fenton’s — Dublin. Diatomacee of Dublin and Wicklow. 275 Tabellaria. Ehr. », _ floceulosa. Roth. . Abundant in fresh water. », fenestrata. Lyngb. . With the preceding. Toxonidea. Donkin. . » Gregoriana. Donkin. TIvreland’s Hye, co. Dublin. ~ ,, lnsignis. Donkin, . Malahide, co. Dublin. Triceratium. Ehr. » alternans. Bailey, . Mud of R. Liffey, Dublin Bay. », amblyoceros. Ehr. . Stomachs of oysters. Poolbeg, co. Dub- lin. » exiguum. Wm.Sm.. R. Liffey, co, Dublin. Tryblionella. Wm. Sm. : » scutellum. Wm. Sm. Murrough, near town of Wicklow. » gracilis. Wm.Sm. . Newcastle, co. Wicklow. » Mmarginataa Wm.Sm. Portmarnock, co. Dublin. » punctata. Wm.Sm.. Malahide, Portmarnock, co. Dublin. ; Newcastle, co. Wicklow. >» acuminataa Wm.Sm. Howth, Malahide, Portmarnock, co. Dublin. Salt ditch near town of Wicklow. » angustataa Wm.Sm. Friarstown, R. Dodder, co. Dublin. » apiculata. Greg. » Monkstown, Howth, co. Dublin. » constricta. Greg. . Monkstown, co. Dublin. Salt ditch near town of Wicklow. » levidensis Wm.Sm. Malahide, co. Dublin. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. » Hanizschiana.Grunow. Newcastle, co. Wicklow. » Neptuni. Schuman, . Howth, co. Dublin. THE LICHENS OF THE COUNTIES OF DUBLIN AND WICKLOW. : BY 2 GREENWOOD PIM, m.a., F.L.s. [Read March 18, 1878.] The annexed list of Lichens is compiled chiefly from the eata- logue given by Dr. Taylor in the Flora Hibernica and that by -Admiral Jones, published in the proceedings of the Dublin Natural History Society. This was submitted to the well-known Lichen- ologist, Mr. Isaac Carroll, of Cork, who has added a very large number of species, many of which have been detected since the time of Admiral Jones. Mr. Carroll believes that there are at least 140 species of lichens in* Dublin and Wicklow still unre- corded, inasmuch as those in the Flora of County Cork amount to about 290, while those of this district hitherto collected only number 150. The compiler wishes to take this opportunity of expressing his thanks to Mr. Carroll for his invaluable assistance in making out. the following list, which doubtless would have been more perfect. had Mr. Carroll explored this region as thoroughly as he has examined Cork and Kerry. 7 Family. CoLLEMACEI. Tribe. Lichinei. Genus. Ephebe. Fr. pubescens. Fr. Dublin Mts. W. Archer, Genus. Lichina. Ag. we pygmea. Ag. Dublin. D. Moore. confinis. Ag. Dublin. D. Moore. Tribe. Collemei. Genus. Collema. Ach. pulposum. Ach. Probably frequent. I.C. var. tenax. Ach. Taylorin Flor. Hib. Near Dublin. —O, limosum. Mr. Carroll believes that the true A ! C. limosum Ach. is not Irish. — nigrescens. L. - Dargle. Flor. Hib. Lichens of the Cownties of Dublin and Wicklow. a i Genus. Leptogium. Ach. fragrans. Ach. Dargle. Flor. Hib. Mr. Carroll is doubtful about this form. tremelloides.Ach. Dargle. Whitley Stokes. palmatum. Nyl. Luggelaw. Crombie. Jones. muscicola, Nyl. Luggelaw. Jones. Family. LicHENACcEI. Tribe. Calicei. Genus. Calicium. Pers. spherocephalum. Ach. (= trachelinum. Powerscourt. Dr. Stokes. Ach). Tribe. Spherophorei. Genus, Spherophoron. Pers. coralloides. P. © Rocks, Common. Tribe. Stereocaulei. Genus. Stereocaulon. Schreb. paschale. Ach. var. denudatum. Luggelaw. Lough Bray. Jones. Tribe. Cladoniel. Genus. Pycnothelia. Ach. papillaria. Duf. Howth. Jones. Genus. Cladonia. Hffm. cervicornis. Scher. Lough Bray. Jones. pyxidata. Fr. Abundant. fimbriata. Hffm. Common. gracilis. Hffm. Kailranelagh. Jones. cornuta, Fr. Dargle. G. Pim. degenerans. Flk. Kelly’s glen. D. Moore. var. anomala. Ach. furcata. Hffm. Common. Dargle. G. P. cornucopioides. Fr, Frequent. deformis. Hffm. Howth. D. Moore. digitata. Hffm. Kelly’s glen. D. Moore. macilenta. Hffm. Powerscourt. G. Pim. var. carcata. Ach, Killiney. D. Moore. bellidiflora. Scher. Kelly’s glen. D. Moore. rangiferina. Hffm. Heaths and commons. uncialis. Hffm. Do. Do. Tribe. Usneei. Genus. Usnea. Hffm. | barbata. Fr. On trees and rocks, common and variable. Powerscourt, de. . U 278 - GREENWooD Pim, M.A., F.LS. Tribe. Ramalinei. Genus. Alectoria. Ach. : ley, jubata. Ach. Lough Bray and Killiney. Flor. Hib. Luggelaw. Jones. Genus. Evernia. Ach. furfuracea. Mann. Lough Bray. Sa Flor. Hib. Rochestown Hill. Herb. T.C.D. ; ae prunastri. LL. Powerscourt. Ovoca. Common, © Genus. Ramalina. Ach. | on scopulorum. Ach. Rocks by the sea frequent. Howth. - calicaris. Tr. var. canaliculata. Fr. Trees. I.C. var. fraxinea. Fr. Common. 1.C. mt var. farinacea. L. Do. ae: ; var. fastigiata. L>. - Do, Sana xen Tribe. Cetrariei. . . Genus. Cetraria. Ach. aculeata. Fr: Heaths. -1.C. Genus. Platysma. Hffin. glaucum. L. Luggelaw. Jones, Tribe. Peltigerei. Genus. Nephromium. Nyl. levigatum. Ach. lLuggelaw. Jones. lusitanicum. Do. Schaer.:~ . Genus. Peltigera: Hffm. canina.. L. Very common. rufescens. Hffm. Frequent. 5 Tribe. Parmeliei. | f Genus. Stictina. Nyl. fuliginosa. Dicks. Old trees. sylvatica. L. Powerscourt. G. P. ; Genus. Ricasolia. De Not. (fle herbacea. Huds. Powerscourt. D. Moore. Genus. Parmelia. Ach. | caperata. LL. Rocks, &c. Common. olivacea. IL. Rocks and trees. Frequent. 4 prolixa. Ach. Howth. D. Moore. physodes. IL. Powerscourt. G. S. Gough. 4 4 perlata. LL. Trees, rocks. Common. ek var. ciliata. D.C Rocks. J Borreri. Turn. Near Wicklow. Dr. Maingay. | 3 conspersa. hr. Killiney. Jones. ok saxatilis. LL. Rocks and trees, Common. {9 i240 var. furfuracea. Lough Bray. Flor. Hib. . Wa Scheer. levigata. Sm. Mountain rocks. incurva. Pers. ° Rare. Howth. D,. Moore. Lichens of the Counties of Dublin and Wicklow. 279 Genus. Genus. Physcia. Nyl. flavicans. Sw. parietina. L. lychnea. Ach. pulverulenta. Schreb, obscura. Ehr. stellaris. LL. var. tenella. erosa. Borr. aquila, Ach. Umbilicaria, Hffm. pustulata. Hffm. polyphylla. L. erosa. Web. polyrhiza. L. proboscidea. Ach. var fimbriata. T. and B. Tribe. Lecanorei. Genus, Genus. Genus. Genus. Genus. Pannaria. Delis. carnosa. Dicks. var. determinata. Nyl. Amphiloma. Fr. lanuginosum. Ach. Squamaria. D.C. crassa. Huds. Placodium, D.C. murorum. Hffm. citrinum Ach. Lecanora, Ach. pruinosa. Sm. tartarea. L. parella. L. rupestris. Scop. var, calva Dicks. varia. EHhr. atra. Huds. cinerea. L. sulphurea. Hffm. subfusca. L. var. coilocarpa. calcarea, L, Dublin Mts. and Killiney. Flor. Hib. Lambay. I.C. Trees and walls. Very common. Luggelaw. Jones. | Trees. Notrare. I.C. “Trees near Grand Canal at Lyons, probably frequent.” I.C. Trees. Frequent. Ditto. Very rare. Dargle. Flor. Hib. Maritime rocks. Lough Dan. Jones. Luggelaw. Jones. Ditto. Ditto. Tonelagee. Flor. Hib. Glenmaher. I.C. Dublin. Mts. and Luggelaw. Jones. Shady rocks and banks. I.C. Skerries. D. Moore. Rocks, &e., common. Walls. Frequent. Granite rocks near Dublin. Flor. Hib. Rocks. I.C. Rocks and trees. Rocks, &e. Limestone. Trees and rocks. Rocks, especially near the coast ; also trees. I.C. Rocks. Killiney. Jones. Rocks and trees. Common. Lambay. I.C. Limestone. U2 280 GREENWooD Pi, M.A., F.LS. var. Hoffmanni. Near Portmarnock and Feltrim . > Ach. Bill Lei) | aurantiaca. Light. Trees and rocks. Very variable. cerina. hr. Trees. Notrare. I. C. sophodes Ach. Trees and rocks. Frequent. var exigua. Ach. Portmarnock. fF], Hib. atrocinerea. Dicks. Luggelaw. Jones. erysibe. Ach. Near Dublin. Taylor. ventosa. LL. Near Dublin. Stokes. A submerged form. Luggelaw. Jones. Genus. Urceolaria Ach. i scruposa. LL. Portmarnock. Fl. Hib. Glenda- : lough. Jones. Genus. Pertusaria. D.C. Westringii. Ach. Lough Bray. Turner. ceuthocarpa. Sm. Lough Bray. Turner-and Borrer. communis. D.C. Trees, &c. fallax, septatum Bon. On gladiolus. Genus. Fusidium. Link. flavo-virens. Fr. Hollybrook. Genus. Helicomyces. roseus. Fassaroe. Genus. Sporotrichum. Link. sulphureum. Grev. Scalp. Genus. Menispora. Pers. : lucida. Ca. On Tacsonia. Genus. Acremonium. Link. verticillatum. Link. On vine. Monkstown. fuscum, Sch. On Hoya. Blackrock. Genus. Botryosporium. Ca. pulchrum. Ca. Monkstown. Genus. Rhopalomyces. | Ca. pallidus B. and Br. On tan. candidus B. and Br. On pods of Nice pepper. Order—Sepedoniei. Genus. Sepedonium. Link. chrysospermum. On Boleti. Common. Scalp, Lk Ovoca. roseum. Fr, Dunyran. Lenoee . DIVISION IL.—SPORIDIIFERA. Famity V, PHYSOMYCETES. Order.—Antennariel. Genus. Zasmidium. Fr. cellare. Fr. | In cellars, very common. Order.—Mucorini. Genus. Mucor. Mich. ramosus. Bull. Var. a. On Styrelitzia. Var. 6. On Heracleum. mucedo. L, ' On fruits, &e. Extremely com- mon. caninus. 8. On dogs’ dung. Common. clavatus. Lk. On plums. ‘ Genus. Hydrophora. Tode. _ stercorea. Tode. On seedling pots. Genus. Acrostalagmus, Corda. cinnabarinus. Ca. On decaying potatoes. Fung of the Counties of Dublin and Wicklow. 297 Faminty VI. Order.—Perisporiacel. Genus.—Spherotheca. Lev. pannosa. Lev. Castagnei. Ley. Genus. Phyllactinia. Lev. guttata. Lev. Uncinula. Lev. adunca. Lev. bicornis. Lev. Genus. Wallrothi. Lev. Podospheera. clandestina. lev. Genus. Genus. Microspheria. Lev. berberidis. Lev. grossulariae. Lev. Genus. Erysiphe. Hedw. graminis. D. C. marti. Lk. communis. Schl. Genus. Eurotium. Lk. Herbariorum. Lk. Order. Elvellacei. Genus. Morchella. Dill. esculenta. P. Genus. MHelvella. Linn. erispa, Ur: Genus. Mitrula. Fr. cucullata. Fr. paludosa. Fr. Genus. Spathularia. P. flavida. P. Genus. Leotia. Hill. lubrien Ok: Genus. Geoglossum. P. viride. P. Kunze. ASCOMYCETES, On roses; the conidioid con- dition ; extremely common. [ have only once found concep- tacles. Monkstown. Newcastle, County Wicklow. Common. ‘Dalkey. Local. Where it occurs abundant. Carrickmines. Common. Monkstown. brack. Carrickmines and elsewhere. Bally- Carrickmines. Near Bray, «ec. - Not uncommon. Kingstown. Glasnevin. On gooseberry. Abundant. Widely diffused, but not very common. Peas, &c. Very common. On columbine, Circa, &c. Com- mon, On a tan-bed. Extremely abun- dant. Wade. Glasnevin. Luttrellstown. Wade. brook. G. P. Holly- Glencullen. A. G. More. Above Powerscourt Waterfall, Glencullen. Shankill. Abundant. Ovoca. Kilbride. Hollybrook. 298 GREENWOOD Pi, M.A, olivaceum. P, Hollybrook. glabrum. P. Glencullen. Abundant. Also Kilternan. Genus. Peziza. Linn. (Aleuria. Fr.) acetabulum. L. Dargle. Common. badia. P. Powerscourt. -leporina. Batsch. Powerscourt. onotica. P. Howth. cerea. Sow. Glasnevin. Wade. vesiculosa. Bull. Dunghills. Very common. cupularis. LL. Monkstown. saniosa. Schrad. Charleville. granulata. — Bull. Cow-dung. Common. (Lachnea. Fr.) scutellata. LL. Hollybrook. stercorea. P. Bray. | ciliaris. Schrad. Powerscourt. virginea. Batsch. Monkstown. Ovoca. calycina. Schum. © Altidore. clandestina. Bull. Monkstown. variecolor. Fr. Altidore. Dunran. a villosa. P. Enuiskerry. (Phialea. Fr.) firma, Glencullen: striata. F. Fassaroe. caucus. Reb. Ovoca. vinosa.