aoa tits Or L6 Pe EA Pas PALER Oe HRD ST MUN SUH MOMMA A aan Un \ A LS At i nian 4 ify ‘I ith ii Vi orb Doin val) aK Mh nny NUM ane PC LOU iat itn wy ; Mt HEN WASP AWS hy f yi NOR in AY) RYH) A i wy Et LM) nA aaa Ay ANG ty ANC Hah) 4 HR ' yy ee role annie AYA Hy WM Eero nn Eben) RW a) MEAN H Baht ttl PAT ae rt Mia rte ph Aira W 4 Me AY ARON TY a Por Mey tte WEN aR i ‘ Ve ani ry Hea vin | i i Wy WG ss WANNA ‘ es tah j A WPA Wit Te it Ma Ms RURAL) Ny Pies Ayn AA tte a AL rit} Ky CANOE VCO Oa lun CHV aN SCA aM M a ry WAN A an i aN re era iL H x " J Pa MICHA ANU Pee TE ea | i bi aN ‘) hah a A WINN * ry fick i" \ CoA Cr WHR ATA NS Kon DI) HPS RM WM AE AL Sire Oe mat LA : A AL Me De Ny a ee AAR CICK IN, Pee RN PR a oa) uel ere PUA AN 4 iv Pee MTL PU Ma a ’ Let Rt ba A 4 i iD ‘ SAVAGE AM MAAR AL AHA i Bi ie ie Bis Ai fi PHC RHAGP TESA A Ce aun iy mate Sie uN Nea Ant Nit v Orn Ry RO Ny ia} yay Ny We mie MV EPR ion hh AAR AREA KC) WHI A MOOR POW ROLE PRN thy ' A iy iy ee natn a om anal) | J Ra Sh f PMA BS Se AY VER RW Nee aon Aen myn aat yc aw AIM my H ' ‘a Neh iat teat i Ri i Aha Kady inthe ANN EDC A ie a Wi 4 r at) ue a) vs i Nein ata i aay ra . sie ay ae a ci i i si ¥. ia q i Wht Ya4 th ins : nN Hin rt nh i bane « \ mi A bi a Cy OPA SKS ay BAST ANNAN ae Nee 4 7 } a Wa ie Ht BO Ta SNe ae iy At a 4 S BY bib) Ht AF ube ay Aa Athan Alien aateteaa Den bah \| * is me Be KR } 4 ‘ er i is ( HN Mh h) et she i eas OF Se cs a i ‘ Wa ( aie hia! ean tah a uf Ki u REE pen i NESE Yl A ah Hy MY it Haba 8: Y anh ty rt ( We Ny) f q al i} i i i Mt yan Mika , tii a ; NAH CHT U i! A ( Se es oe Tre i, Mh AA uR4 Aas EL y ae i F eee Sas nh) MH kts i h i US ay i PONE LL PURINA Ra NRHA Mitty hah MI Wie ps HS Hak ef A RON RNG NMaRA Sha CaS ; hy ‘th bial it iy \ 4 as Heit ; Kina i) a Par a Mat i ies s MS) SS Sr SMITTISONIAN INSTITUTION. UNIGED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. PROCEEDINGS ELLED alse (5° WF ee | ‘ OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONS li TARESEUM. vie \ineus tS cs Vo laime «x OS LIE, PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. LOO Lt. ADVERTISEMENT. The publications of the National Museum consist of two series: Proceedings and Bulletins. The Proceedings, the first volume of which was issued in 1878, are intended primarily as a medium of publication for newly-acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology, descriptions of new forms of animals and plants acquired by the National Museum, discussions of nomenclature, etc. A volume is issued annually for distribution to libraries, while in view of the importance to science of the prompt publication of descriptions of new species, a limited edition of each paper is printed in pamphlet form in advance. The present volume is the twenty-third of the series. The Bulletin, publication of which was begun in 1875, is a series of elaborate papers, issued separately and based for the most part upon collections in the National Museum. They are monographic in scope, and are devoted principally to the discussion of large. zoological groups, bibliographies of eminent -naturalists, reports of expedi- tions, ete. A quarto form of the Bulletin, known as the ‘‘Special Bulletin,” has been adopted in a few instances in which a larger page was deemed indispensable. | The Annual Report of the National Museum (being the second vol- ume of the Smithsonian Report) contains papers chiefly of an ethno- logical character, describing collections in the National Museum. Papers intended for publication by the National Museum are usually referred to an advisory committee, composed as follows: Frederick W. True (chairman), William H. Holmes, George P. Merrill, James E. Benedict, Otis T. Mason, Leonhard Stejneger, Lester F. Ward, and Marcus Benjamin (editor). S. P. LANGLEY, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Ill (tho TABLE OF CONTENTS. ApBpott, JAMES Francis. List of Fishes collected in the River Pei-Ho, at Tien-Tsin, China, by Noah Fields Drake, with descriptions of seven new species.—No. 1221. Febru- Rime Se eee hee Rene eh Sere ee Ne is ct a Sela ai New genus: Culticula. New species: Toxabramis argentifer, Culticula emmelas, Pseudogobio drakei, Leuciscus sctistius, Parapelecus macherius, Culter tientsin- ensis, Salana hyalocranius. ASHMEAD, WriittAm H. Classification of the Ichneumon Flies, or the Superfamily Ichneumonoidea.—No. 1206. (JSG) STE SES IG (00 aie a et ER a et 2 Banks, NatHan. Some Spiders and other Arachnida from Southern Arizona.—No. 1223. February 25, 1901? New species: Prosthesima arizonensis, Prosthesima schwarzi, Chemmis unicolor, Dipena parvula, Philodromus marginellus, Chelifer hub- bardi, Chelanops arizonensis, Thargalia luctuosa. Benepict, JAMES E. Four new symmetrical Hermit Crabs (Pagurids) from the West India region.—No. 1236. July 1. 1901" New species: Cancellus ornatus, Cancellus spongicola, Pylocheles parti- tus, Mixtopagurus gilli. The Hermit Crabs of the Pagurus Bernhardus Type.—No.: 1216... January 19, 1901* Buscx, Aveust. New species of Moths of the Superfamily Tineina from Florida.—No. 1208. October 15, 19001 New genera: Gnorimoschema, Homaledra, Podiasa, Metriochroa, Chilo- campyla. New species: Aristotelia ive, Aproaerema crotolariella, Gnorimoschema terracottella, Nealyda pisonix, Nealyda kinzelella, Anacampsis lagun- culariella, Anacampsis argyrothamniella, Trichotaphe melantherella, Trichotaphe condaliavorella, Depressaria amyrisella, Blastobasis gui- landinze, Cosmopteryx ipomoex, Cosmopteryx nigrapunctella, Antispila eugeniella, Homaledra heptathalama, Nepticula condatiafoliella, Nepticula myricafoliella, Leucoptera erythrinella, Leucoptera guettar- della, Podiasa chiococcella, Coptodisca condalix, Bucculatrix ivella, Bedellia minor, Metriochroa psychotriella, Marmara guilandinella, Lithocolletis verbesinella, Coriscium randiella, Chilocampyla dyariella, Eucosmophora sideroxylonella, Gracilaria burserella, Gracilaria sebastianiella, Phyllocnistis intermediella. CockErRELL, T. D. A. Ona Slug of the Genus Veronicella irom wahitt.—No. 1288. August. 15,1900... ..:..-.- New species: Veronicella agassizi. ‘Date of publication. Page. 483-491 o81— 590 TU1-T78 451-466 225-254 855— 536 yar TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page. CoquiLLerr, D. W. A systematic arrangement of the Fami- lies of the Diptera.—No. 1227. May 2,1901* _..-..----- 653-658 ——. New Diptera in the U. S. National Museum.—No. 205.6 ° March 27, 51901 Soe = 33, eee hee ee 593-618 New genera: Pycnoglossa, Plethochzta. New species: Bolitophila montana, Macrocera nebulosa, Ceroplatus clausus, Platyura inops, Tetragoneura bicolor, Tetragoneura pimpla, Sciophila subcerulea, Sciophila flavohirta, Polylepta tibialis, Docosialongicornis, Docosia obscura, Docosia vittata, Leptomorphus parvulus, Leptomor- phus hyalinus, Acnemia flaveola, Exechia analis, Dynatosoma thora- cica, Chironomus brachialis, Chironomus teniapennis, Chironomus nitidulus, Orthocladius par, Euryenemus scitulus, Tanypus johnsoni, Tanypus bifasciatus, Empis tridentata, Rhamphomyia clauda, Rham- phomyia diversa, Criorhina kincaidi, Scatophaga nubifera, Seatophaga crinita, Hexamitocera flavida, Pycnoglossa flavipennis, Plethochxta varicolor, Anorostoma opaca, Tetanocera setosa, Sciomyza guttata, Sciomyza albovaria, Neuroctena fumida, Dryomyza aristalis, Psila frontalis, Loxocera fumipennis, Phortica vittata. Dati, Witt1aAM Hratey. Synopsis of the family Cardiide and of the North American species.—No. 1214. January De AGLI. hp ee Ae Ee a ee ae en 381-392 Synopsis of the family Tellinide and of the North American species.—No. 1210. November 14, 1900°_----- 285-326 New species: Tellina( Eurytellina?) georgiana, Fellina (Lnotellina) iher-~ ingi, Tellina (Elliptotellina) americana, Tellina (Angulus) promera, Tellina (Angulus) flagellum, Tellina (Angulus) colorata, Tellina (Angulus) texana, Macoma (Macoma) phenax, Macoma (Psamma- coma) extenuata, Macoma (Psammacoma) tageliformis, Tellina (Merisca) reclusa, Tellina (Elliptotellina) pacifica, Tellina ( Phyl- lodina) pristiphora, Tellina (Eurytellina) leucogonia, Tellina (Moerella) meropsis, Tellina (Moerella) amianta, Tellina (Moerella) paziana, Tellina (Angulus) macneilii, Tellina (Angulus) suffusa, Tellina (Angulus) cerrosiana, Tellina (Angulus) panamensis, Tellina (Angulus) recurva, Tellina (Peronidia) santarose, Macoma krausei, Macoma sitkana, Macoma alaskana, Macoma_ (Psammacoma) panamensis. New names: Tellina (Angulus) carpenteri, Tellina (Oudardia) buttoni. Synopsis of the Lucinacea and of the American species.—No; 1237. . August 22; 190). sae eee T79-833 New species: Thyasira excavata, Thyasira tomeana, Thyasira magel- lanica, Axinopsis viridis, Diplodonta (Torelli) aleutica, Codakia colpoica, Codakia cubana, Codakia (Jagonia) portoricana, Codakia (Jagonia) galapagana, Codakia (Jagonia) chiquita, Phacoides ( Callucina) bermudensis, Phacoides (Parvilucina) crenella, Phacoides (Bellucina) amiantus, Phacoides (Cavilucina) lamprus, Phacoides (Lucinoma) heroicus, Phacoides ( Parvilucina) approximatus. New names: Codakia (Jagonia) mexicana, Divaricella perparvula. 1 Date of publication. TABLE OF CONTENTS. VII *2 . . . a : Page. Dyar, Harrison G. Life Histories of some North American evans —No: 1209. October 15, 19004. =... 22... _ 955-284 Pr Git, THEODORE. The proper names of Bdellostoma or Hep- rare. No. 1234.8 June 6, 19017 8 2: 2S le 735-738 “JORDAN, David STARR, AND Epwin CHAPIN STARKS. On the relationship of the Lutianoid Fish, Aphareus Furecatus.— Siete Neto etOOT et wee Aa a Fe 719-723 JORDAN, Davip STARR, AND JOHN OTTERBEIN SNYDER. 2022 522s ence 2. de seve fae ss eae be ee ee ee 873 VIN SUCAUICCNOSG: == EARS o 5 Sears ntl Si hg Se aac es as eee a ee ee ee 884 Behinda, kishtnouiet. <2 es. oso b a hese sen ose Sse see ee ee 885 Unopteryqtus ORINOWe, 02522) sa/- eas jets Bae si Sow 5-6 2s 52d ee 887 AMOGGTUCHENYS COTUNGLUS «Soci nc scn 2s alelo tees ee oe eee Skat pa ee 893 MA POGON NIGET 22 2 522 cpr k ote ee ace ie Ss et he se 895 VAOGOR, MOP GINALUS SER a = haat = Rie ae lel hm sgl aie So 897 Wpogon UNeWUges £8 J 2,5 = SS ae ee tale miata eS ere eee 899 Apogon SCRLEGEW ia/2.5 Son 2 2S okie otis eS alae oa Pac's Aral a ee i rte 900 ADOGON CCG, 222 oeinn 51a Sa he eee eine ee ele ee ee 901 AMOGON SCNIVINEOIUS = <= 52 Soa. 2 a's he cee ce ewe eae shee See eee See eee nee 903 ANOGON NOLAHUS ae os oo a ena se ee mee eee ee ae alae oe Se ee ee 904 Apogon. kiensis sa. - occos.ceccs ace ccecens-bease sees eases See ee 906 ACrODOMG JGPONICUMac oan ae eens See oe eee Be eee 912 PLATES. Facing page. 1. Venation of Tineid moths . 22.4: --2 22-22, gee ee ee ee 254 2-4. North, American Tellinida . - 20.22 sug. 36 Sma se eee ee 326 5. External aspect of right os innominatum of Basilosaurus cetoides ....---- 332 6. Internal aspect of left os innominatum of Basilosaurus cetoides .....----- 332 7. Posterior and anterior aspects of right femur of Basilosaurus cetoides ..--- 332 8. Type specimen of Leuciscus turneri ....-.----- on ace ae cee es 334 9. Gobio biwe (fig. 1); Gobio mayedex (fig. 2); Otakia rasborina (fig.3) ....-- 380 10. Ischikauia steenackeri a LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. XIII Facing page. EPR INILEN (I Cr Gier en es a ee Ne nti Ae ow ois = ee Se alse en see- 520 380 HOMIE UULO LUST COU GR TUBU CIE ney aaa eRe ssa sieaye aici eo a.slya as as Se's SS eee 380 SMP SAUL OLOULEREGITUIESIUUUD Were eee ene nee ale siaysiatele sioicrs ate siclae wtejsie ais.s-eeiece 380 eM SEU USLOUCSGCOCOLUS meet ear es ae eto a Son yscwwan usecase use 380 PPC MODBURCULR TOUS ee te rh malas ola Sas Seno she Sse ce Gide scree sn 380 Ree COM Cie OIG pee yates ein jaiaje aicie so ais oe ac w/a Soba ~ oss Sees s 380 SEPACILO DN TERSLOCMUCOW I, Sasa a2,- aaimatata(wciania'e se clase a Sais heecseeerecscese 380 EMTS STIS) ete eee nin 5-8 2 Semis So ciacie a ois isis ae in'as os sd eemaesas 380 RIMES LONUILUWS) 1) OLCOCUE eM eet te sisi s Ne Saniae sink Satria wime cs sine cclee o tees esse 380 UMNO OZLOTIUUIUGIUUSH GUS LUOUIY CUsetniaans Sami 8 olafe steve ale im oe she arwie: hele maw tal ay on lee ala 380 PPCM AG Ole Oleth Cm UnUTChOLNO DUS mae a= aeeis oeisen cis otc. Sareea nro (e siasterey= lore 450 Bee OMerAmiAgn anol Gerdte= ac. 5> essen aioe tae no wk cael wee e sense 590 POROUS PANE OL SICGOSHUPUS MONS. S22 o.0 «ice mece 25s =sschecemc ss 58 592 Em Oatmaliplateror Stegosaurus MATS. 5.2225 cece foto setae eee dencee ee ese 592 25-26. Skulls of Zapus, Euchoreutes, Sminthus, Dipus, and Alactaga.-..--.-.------ 668 Pye lert hind teet of Zapus, Alaciaga, and Dipus - 2-2... .--. J Ss2--422--2---- 668 PET IL CRCN SH UNCULUG HER re. 2) 2 ores re aes aaa ei win claiasisi sins Seles e Sees Scie 724 SE ORAM OMA TDRUnCUs PURCOLUS 226. Sas ak ne ek clue/Ja coe aeoeincce ot 724 RPE icte RCRSS OULU CIN oa iss as Ee asa aiala'n aeiewin co Soe See omalooe ae = Se a 734 Es OMPTAETLCTSCILSE) (O11 [ete oa ete te aye ator aes aa tao ae ote [a eral oe elena lr eee 770 Spee CL LOUIS) CD OTULGLIS ean awe oe Se ee = ele aap Sela clas ee ei sjosiawisiniss ae see 770 RMA TIC ONT MICOI OT: ame eine aera eae oleie a sons Swiacec eeeeel=eie nmin sere 770 Bee OTILUCONUTIGET. CUI LO UU Sepa ae te aye Pina stata wale ie eis nia nlaloiin ele Calle = ial 770 Sa OOH MISESITTMIS ete ciate ye omer nae acla Heb osisnwnsce ase secs Se cio an 770 DOG OOSITULUSSIUISCCULS RR tee Rye ie oa ao pata neta a (ele mafia w Siala.c afore asielae <= 770 De CLO SCORSUDICO | Cee ae eee eats ale Sate sloe eins elaine wia\Aeleie a eisai ais sie 770 SME IOTOLULGION MLO eM oe as as scare siat e cis see asses ee ones ne 5-502 qe 770 eee UN COOOL NOLLMUAMNCTICA a= - 5 oc wins toca a2 Scns sndeneccceenis~ aes chm 834 ERRATA. Page 761. The generic name Chasmias, proposed in these Proceedings for a genus of ee gobioid fishes, is preoccupied by Chasmias Ashmead, a genus of Ichneu- ; mon insects, proposed somewhat earlier in the same Proceedings. For the genus of fishes typified by Chasmias misakius the name Chasmichthys Jordan and Snyder may be substituted. -age 908. The generic name Melanostoma is twice preoccupied. Dr. Ginther (Deep Sea Fishes of the Challenger, XXII, p.16, 1887) has substituted for it . the name Synagrops. The Japanese species should therefore stand as Synagrops japonica. XV CLASSIFICATION OF THE ICHNEUMON FLIES, OR THE SUPERFAMILY ICHNEUMONOIDEA. By Witi1am H. AsHmeap, Assistant Curator, Division of Insects. The characters common to genera give those of the higher groups; the orders and their common characters combine to form those of the classes. It depends, therefore, wpon every classifier how far he will proceed in separation and subdivision. Indeed, much difference of opinion exists upon the determination of the groups between the species and the order, whence have arisen the several definitions of subgenus, genus, and tribe. In fact, opinions will never harmonize upon the claims of genera, because no universal prin- ciple for the structure of genera in any artificial subdivision can be given. This principle is in itself exceedingly capricious, and if one maintains thus far a genus extends, and another thus far, both are certainly right, if only every group, which they distinguish as genera, is distinguished by similar and exclusive characters. Burmeister. The pertinency of this quotation from one of the great masters of the science of entomology will be better understood and appreciated when the body of this work is examined and it is found that no less than eleven hundred and forty genera, or more, have been recognized and tabulated, although when Burmeister penned the above lines, in 1835, the Ichneumonoidea contained only about one hundred and nine genera. It we go back to the early days of Burmeister, we find, too, that authorities differed as to the value and utility of some of these genera, just as they differ to-day. In my tables, therefore, there will be found many genera which by some eminent living hymenop- terologists are thought to be of no value, but which the writer, on the contrary, holds to be good and distinct—a difference of opinion that time alone can settle. Very few persons have given any attention to these insects, and the necessity for these fine subgeneric and tribal divisions is evidently apparent to only a few active workers. The great majority of the workers in other groups seem totally ignorant of this vast complex, or at least have no conception of its immensity or the difficulties encoun- tered in studying and identifying material belonging to it derived from different parts of the world. The writer has now been studying the Hymenoptera for twenty-five years, and much of this time has been devoted specially to studies in PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. XXIII—No. 1206. Proc. N. M:., vol. xxiii 1 | 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. the Parasitica—the Proctotrypoidea, Cynipoidea, Chalcidoidea, and, for the past ten years or more, to studies in the Ichneumonoidea. He has had material for examination from all parts of the world, and hopes, in the tables he is now publishing, to place the families, subfamilies, tribes, and genera on a better foundation, thus enabling students to avoid many of the difficulties he himself encountered, to create an interest in their collecting, and to stimulate their systematic study. The first systematist to fully appreciate the immensity of this com- plex, to bring order out of confusion, and to lay a safe foundation for its study and classification, was Dr. Arnold Forster, of Aachen, Germany, who accomplished this great work in two contributions, entitled Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Braconen, pub- lished in 1862, and Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ich- neumonen, published in 1868. My own work in this superfamily is based almost entirely upon that of Férster’s, and it is scarcely necessary for me to state that with- out his contributions for my guide the present work would have been almost impossible. The more I study Forster’s works on the parasitic Hymenoptera, the greater is my admiration for him and his work, and it was with the utmost astonishment I found that these important contributions had remained so long neglected, unappreciated, and, until within com- paratively recent years, almost totally ignored by American and European students. Dr. Férster went too far in calling his groups families, but in the majority of cases these so-called families represented natural groups, and as such ought to have been sooner recognized. His groups in the family Braconidew have been recognized in most cases as subfamilies by the Rey. T. A. Marshall, in his monographs of the European species, while in the present work I have recognized his so-called families in the /chneumonide as either equivalent to subfamilies or tribes. In order that the position of this immense complex in the order Hymenoptera may be thoroughly understood, I reproduce here a cor- rected table of the superfamilies: TABLE OF SUPERFAMILIES.! Suborder I. Heterophaga. Abdomen petiolate or subpetiolate, never broadly sessile; larvee apodous. * Hypopygium entire, and closely united with the pygidium, the sting or ovipos- itor when present always issuing from the tip of the abdomen. 'The numbering of the superfamilies and families in this paper conform to a scheme of arrangement of the whole order Hymenoptera, as proposed by the writer in John B. Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, Trenton, 1900, pp. 500-613. Tables for the recognition of the 94 families into which the order is now divided will be given at the end of this work. No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 2 a, Pronotum not extending back to the tegulee; trochanter one-jointed. b. Hind tarsi dilated or thickened; pubescence of head and thorax feathery or plumose. Superfamily I. APOIDEA. bb. Hind tarsi slender, not dilated or thickened; pubescence of head and thorax simple, not plumose. ; Superfamily Il. SPHECOIDEA. aa. Pronotum extending back to the tegulee, or the latter absent. ce. Trochanters always one jointed. ‘d. Abdomen variable, rarely twice longer than the head and tho- rax united, most frequently much shorter; hind tibice in female neither inflated nor strongly constricted at base. Petiole or first segment of abdomen simple, without a scale or node; winged forms with well developed tegule. : Superfamily III. VESPOIDEA. Petiole or first segment of abdomen with one or two scales or nodes; winged forms without or with very imperfectly formed tegule. Superfamily IV. FORMICOIDEA. dd. Abdomen in female greatly elongated, several times longer than the head and thorax united, the segments con- stricted at sutures and flexible; hind tibiee in female inflated and strongly constricted at base; abdomen in male not especially long, clavate. (Pelecinide. ) Superfamily V. PROCTOTRYPOIDEA (part). cc. Trochanters two-jointed. Mandibles large, 4-dentate; hind wings with a distinct venation, with two basal cells and a radius. (Trigonalidee. ) Superfamily III. VESPOIDEA (part). Mandibles never very large nor 4-dentate, either simple or bidentate, or at the most 3-dentate; hind wings without a dis- tinct venation, or at most and rarely with only one basal cell, the radius always absent. Superfamily V. PROCTOTRYPOIDEA. * * Hypopygium divided or never united closely with the pygidium, the oviposi- tor issuing some distance before the tip of the abdomen; trochanters always two-jointed. d. Front wings always without a stigma, the marginal vein, if present, linear never large or stigmated; abdomen with the ventral segment hard and chitinous, without a fold. e. Pronotum extending back to the tegule; front wings with a marginal and basal cell, either complete or incomplete; antenne straight, not elbowed. Superfamily VI. CYNIPOIDEA. ee. Pronotum not extending back to the tegulee; front wings with neither a marginal cell nor a distinct basal cell, the latter, if at all indicated, usually poorly defined by hyaline veins visible only by transmitted light; hind Wings without a basal cell; antennze elbowed. Superfamily VII. CHALCIDOIDEA. dd. Front wings with a stigma, the marginal vein usually large or stigmated (rarely linear in some Alystidze); abdomen with the ventral segments most frequently soft and mem- branous, with a fold (rarely hard and chitinous without a fold, Hvaniide and Agriotypide) ; pronotum always extend- ing back to the tegulee; antennze straight, not elbowed. Superfamily VIII. ICHNEUMONOIDEA. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Suborder II. Phytophaga. Abdomen broadly sessile; larvee with legs; trochanters _ two-jointed. Anterior tibize with only one apical spur. ------- Superfamily IX. SIRICOIDEA. Anterior tibize with two apical spurs...-Superfamily X. TENTHREDINOIDEA. CLASSIFICATION. Superfamily VIII. ICHNEUMONOIDEA. This group has in the past received the following names: 1744. Ichneumon Linnzxus (part), Syst. Natur., 4th ed. 1807. Pupophaga LaTrEILLE (part), Gen. Crust. et Ins., III, p. 249. 1809. Ichneumonides, Family IV, Larrei.ie, Fam. Natur. du Régne anim., p. 444. 1823. Entomotilla, DumeErtit (part), Considér. génér. sur |. classe d. Ins., p. 220. 1837. Parasitica, eee (part), Wiegmann’s Archiy., I, p. 158. 1840. eee Diy. I, Spiculifera, WrEstwoop a Intro. Mod. Classif. Ins ul paS 1899. eae ae Superfamily VIII, AsHmMeap, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., VII, p. 47. No one, I think, who will make use of the above table of superfami- lies, can fail to place correctly any parasitic wasp belonging to this superfamily. It is unquestionably the largest and most extensive complex in the order Hymenoptera, with possibly the exception of the Chalcidoidea, and is composed of a vast number of minor groups, representing hun- dreds of genera and many thousand species. Not less than a million species will be found existing on the globe, although the known or described species do not yet reach much over 10,000. Unlike some species, in others of these great complexes, all, with- out a single exception, are genuine parasites, and destroy or devour the eggs, larve, pupe, or imagoes of other insects; scarcely a single order of insects is free from their attacks, and even relatives in their own order and family are devoured by them. The group, therefore, taken as a whole, is of the greatest economic importance, since the vast majority of the species composing it are beneficial to man. No other group of insects has a more important role in the economy of nature. It is composed of innumerable species of the greatest variety in shape and size, from the most minute or microscopic size, measuring scarcely a millimeter in length, to forms that attain an inch, an inch and a half, or even two inches or more in length, and with or without a prominently exserted ovipositor, the ovipositor sometimes attaining a length of four or five inches, and the group is in consequence one of the most difficult and perplexing to classify. The fauna of no single country is yet thoroughly known and our private and public collections are crowded with undescribed forms, No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 5 Up to the present time no general work on the group has been pub- lished, and this contribution is the first effort made to classify the group as a whole or to bring together in systematic order, or in tabu- lar form, the families, subfamilies, tribes, and the described genera of the world. The author, although familiar with all of the groups and with most of the genera, has in some cases been compelled to rely upon descrip- tions for placing certain of the genera. The work, therefore, must be imperfect in some particulars, but he hopes for it a kindly reception, and trusts it will not only stimulate the collecting of these important insects, but that it will afford an aid and a guide for future study. The families recognized may be distinguished by the use of the fol- lowing table: TABLE OF FAMILIES. Seam SI eRSBLO RIN emanate oe oes So Be eel Shs Se, SS os es ee 7 Seatac mae pee ek Sees St Ae ae i ets SS SRE Nis 3 blag 2 2. Costal and subcostal veins confluent, extending close together, side by side, threscostalecellgtheretorevabsemtween =< css eee ee oe eee eee 3 Costal and subcostal veins separated, a space between, the costal cell therefore : present, distinct. Abdomen inserted normally, sessile or subsessile, or the first segment long, petioliform; front wings with only one recurrent nervure; head most frequently globose and usually tuberculous. -..-......--.---- 6 Abdomen petiolated, inserted upon the dorsum of the metathorax, the body of same usually strongly compressed; front wings with one or two recurrent nervures, more rarely with none; head variable but never globose nor tuberculous; antennee 13-14 jointed, inserted either just above the clypeus or far above it on the middle of the face. Family LX XIV. Evanrp2. 3. Front wings with two recurrent neryures (the second recurrent absent only Me NESE MUSE LAr SapI0 OLESSOM) 24 22 225 2c a te'oe yest oe’ te Se 4 Front wings with only one recurrent nervure or with none -.......------- 5 4, First cubital and first discoidal cells always confluent; abdominal segments 2-3 usually flexible, rarely connate; mandibles attached normally. Ventral abdominal segments hard and chitinous, without a fold; dorsal segments 2 and 3 connate, not flexible; scutellum spined. Family LX XV. AGRIOTYPIDA. Ventral abdominal segments soft and membranous, usually with a fold; dorsal segments 2 and 3 flexible; scutellum rarely spined. Family LX XVI. IcHNEUMONID». First cubital and first discoidal cells separated, distinct, not confluent; man- dibles attached abnormally, the tips turned outwardly and not meet- MmcuwihenGlosed== 2s a= c.o2.0-.-b see ee Family LX XVII. Atysimps. 5. Mandibles attached abnormally, the tips turned outwardly, not meeting when Close clement so eee aett rate. oe ole nee Family LX XVII. Atysip. Mandibles attached normally. Abdominal segments 2 and 3 most frequently rigid, connate, not flexible; if not rigid, then all the segmentsare flexible; abdomen neyer greatly elongate and strongly compressed; first cubital and first discoidal cells, although not always, most frequently distinct and separated. Family LXNX VIII. Braconip2. 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. _ VOL. XXIII. Abdominal segments 2 and 3 flexible, the abdomen very elongate, nar- | row, and strongly compressed; first cubital and first discoidal cells always confluent. (Pharsalia Cresson.) Family LX XVI. IcHNEUMONID. 6. Antenne inserted close to the clypeus; hind femora most frequently swollen, and usually, but not always, toothed beneath. Family LX XIX. SrepHaNnip®. 7. Mandibles attached abnormally, the tips turned outwardly and not meeting whens closed... e.- Ley S=e yas) cep eee eer ere ate re ALYSUD®. Mandibles attached normally, the mandibles when closed meeting or crossing each other. Abdominal segments 2 and 3 flexible..........-.-.----- ICHNEUMONID®. Abdominal segments 2 and 3 rigid, connate, not flexible ....BRAcoNIDz, All abdominal segments flexible (Aphidine) ......-.. BRACONID (part). Family LXXIV. EVANIID. 1802. Evaniales LATREILLE, Hist. Nat. Crus. et Ins., III, p. 328. 1815. Evanides Leacu (part), Edinb. Eneyce., LX, p. 142. 1838. Evaniade, Family I, Hatrmay, Ent. Mag., V, p. 212. 1839. Evaniade, Family 8, Hatipay, Hym. Synop.., p. il. 1839. SHucKarp, Newman’s Entomologist, I, p. 120. 1840. Evaniide, Family 2, Westwoop, Intro. Mod. Class Ins., II, p. 124. 1883. Evaniales THomson, Opus. Ent., LX, p. 844. 1887. Evaniide Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 36. 1889. ScHLETTERER, Ann. k. k. Naturh. Hofmus., IV, p. 115. 1900. Evaniide, Family LX XIV, AsHmeAp, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 563. This family is readily distinguished from all the others by the attach- mentof the abdomen. The abdomen is, asa rule, strongly compressed, petiolate, and attached to the dorsum of the metathorax, either just back of the scutellum or posteriorly upon or near the superior margin of the truncature, but never normally at apex, between the hind coxe, as in all other ichneumonids, with but two or three exceptions. It is further distinguished from all the other families, except the Stephanide, by having a destinct costal cell in the front wings, the costal and sub- costal veins, unlike other ichneumonids, being distinctly separated. The family is usually divided into two subfamilies, but I have here recognized three major groups, separable upon good structural char- acters, and further supported by their economy or different habits of the species composing them. These three subfamilies may be easily recognized by the aid of the following table: TABLE OF SUBFAMILIES. Antenne inserted far anteriorly just above the clypeus...............-i2------- 2 Antenne inserted far above the elypeus on, or very near the middle of the face. Front wings without or at most with only one recurrent nervure; venation in hind wings wanting or indistinct, without a median cell. Pronotum very short, transverse linear and abruptly truncate anteriorly; abdomen attached by a petiole to the superior margin of the metatho- Clin whoo tng a > Sl die hi ae NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD., , racic truncature, remote from the scutellum, the body short and com- pressed, fhe ovipositor not or at most subexserted; head viewed from above transverse, the temples never very broad. Subfamily I. evanun x. Pronotum elongate, conical, never transverse linear, abdomen attached to the base of the metanotum just behind the scutellum, the body very long, usually long, sickle-shaped, compressed; the ovipositor long or always strongly exserted; head viewed from above subtriangular or obtrapezoidal, the temples oblique but very broad or broad, more rarely ploboseieners jason te ee set cats Subfamily I]. GAsTERUPTIONIN®. 2. Front wings most frequently with two recurrent nervures, the second sometimes subobsolete, rarely wholly absent; hind wings with a distinct median cell; abdomen clavate, not strongly compressed, the ovipositor exserted. Subfamily III. auvnacinz. Subfamily Il. HVANIIN 2. 1900. Evaniine, Subfamily II, Asameap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 563. The position of the antenne, the venation of the front and hind wings, as well as the shape of the abdomen, readily distinguish this group from the Au/acinw, while from the Gasteruptionine it is at once separated by the shape of the head, the very short truncate pro- notum, and the short, strongly compressed, hatchet-shaped abdomen and its attachment to the metathorax. All the species falling in the subfamily are parasitic in the eggs of cockroaches. Lvania appendigaster Linneus, a species now widely distributed to all parts of the world, has been frequently bred from the eggs of these insects. In Florida I have reared it from the eggs of Periplaneta americana Linneus and P. australasie Fabricius. I have also a specimen of //yptia dorsalis Westwood, bred by Mr. Weed, in Mississippi, from the eges of /schnoptera pennsylvanica De Geer. Only two genera are known, distinguished as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Front wings without a marginal cell and also without cubital and discoidal cells. (1) Hyptia Illiger. Front wings with amarginal cell and also with one or two discoidal cells. (2) Evania Fabricius. Subfamily II. GASTERUPTIONIN 4. This group, or subfamily, is at once separated from the Avlacine by the insertion of the antenne, the venation of front wings, and by the attachment of the abdomen, which is joined to the metathorax just behind the scutellum. It approaches nearest to the Lvan7zinw, but is easily separated by the quite different shaped head, which is long, obtrapezoidal, as viewed from above; by the very long conical pronotum; by the abdomen, which is very long, narrow, and strongly compressed, and attached 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. differently, and by the shape of the hind legs, which differ decidedly from the other two subfamilies, the femora being shorter and thicker, the tibie very strongly clavate, while the basal joint of the tarsi is stout, and as long or a little longer than the following joints united: The habits of the species, too, are quite different from the others, since all whose parasitism is known have been bred from the nests of wasps and bees—Cvrabro, Philanthus, Cerceris, Gorytes, Stizus, Eumenes, Odynerus, Sphecodes, Prosopis, Halictus, Andrena, ete. The two genera falling in this group may be separated as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Front wings without a distinct venation, at most with only slight traces of a venation, as in Pelecinus; head globose and deeply excavated anteriorly above for the reception: of the scape i752-2<¢ 2255 see ee re ee (3) Leptofoenus Smith. Front wings with a distinct venation; head large, viewed from above subtriangular or obtrapezoidal, the temples oblique, broad; no excavation anteriorly for the reception of the scape......----- (4) Gasteruption Latreille = Foenus Fabricius. Subfamily III. AULACIN 2“. 1840-42. Aulacidx, Family, SHuckarp (part), Newman’s Entomologist, p. 121. 1900. Aulacine, Subfamily I, Asomeap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 563. This group was first recognized by W. E. Shuckard as above, but he incorrectly included as components of it Zr/gonalys Westwood and Lycogaster Shuckard, which have no real affinity with it, but represent a distinct family far removed from any family belonging in this series. The Zrigonalide are now placed in the superfamily Vespotdea between the Lethylide and the Sapygide. The Awlacine, as here restricted, are easily distinguished from the other two subfamilies by having the antenne inserted on the anterior margin of the head, just above the clypeus, by the quadrate or sub- globose head, and by the venation of the front wings, which have usually two recurrent nervures. The abdomen, too, is quite different from the other groups, being elongate, clavate, and only slightly compressed. All of the species are parasitic on the larvee of different Coleoptera, those belonging to the family Cerambycide being particularly subject to their attacks. Three genera have been recognized, distinguishable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. First cubital cell receiving the first recurrent neryure toward the middle; hind coxee swollen, much elongate, and prolonged within beyond the insertion of thestrochanterss= 228s Joo es Sea eee (5) Pammegischia Provancher. First cubital cell receiving the first recurrent nervure at or near the tip, or inter- stitial with the first transverse cubitus; hind coxe normal, not prolonged within. Clawsiwithione toothy wemeat ieee ees ee ee (6) Aulacus Jurine. Claws with three or more teeth beneath................ (7) Pristaulacus Wieffer. No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 9g Family LXXV. AGRIOTYPID. 1832. Agriotypus WALKER, Curtis Brit. Ent., IX, pl. 389. 1888. Agriotypide, Family III, Haurpay, Ent. Mag.,V, p. 212. 1868. Agriotypoide Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, p. 143. 1884. Agriotypide BripGMaAN and Fircn, The Entom., X VII, p. 121. This is probably one of the most interesting families in the super- family /chneumonoidea, not only on account of its rarity, its structural peculiarities, and its aquatic habits, but also on account of being rep- resented, up to the present time, by but a single genus with a single species—the Agriotypus armatus Walker. A doubt as to its proper position in this great complex has been expressed by several eminent entomologists, and quite recently Dr. David Sharp has suggested its close relationship with the Procto- trypide. I myself have long had doubts as to its true position, but now, after a careful study of specimens of both sexes, am prepared to defend its position here, the only character at variance with any in this major group being in the abdomen, which has the venter hard and chitinous, as in the higher Hymenoptera, the aceu/eata or monotrocha. All its other characters are, however, as with the genuine Ichneumo- nids and with the Braconids. The trochanters are two jointed; the wingsand their venation as in most Ichneumonids, the costal cell being absent, the subcostal vein lying close to and extending parallel with the costal vein; there are two recurrent nervures, the second received beyond the first transverse cubitus, the first cubital and first discoidal cells confluent, the first abscissa of the cubitus being absent; there are two basal cells, two complete discoidal cells, and a short triangular marginal cell, while the stigma is broad and oblong; the hind wings have a distinct venation, the submedian cell being about half the length of the median, the subdiscoidal nervure being distinct and originating from the transverse median nervure a little below the middle. The venter, although hard and chitinousas in the genuine wasps and Proctotrypids, has the ovipositor subexserted, issuing from before its tip, and structurally is the sameas in the Ichneumonidsand the Braconids. In the male the external claspers are unusually long and broad, a char- acter sometimes met with in males belonging to the 7ryphoninw and the Ophionine. The spined scutellum in Agriotypus is quite unique, al- thougha somewhat similar spined scutellum is found in some Ophionines. The only species, Agriotypus armatus Walker, is unknown outside of the European fauna. It attacks the larve of various species of Trichoptera belonging to the genera Silo, Goera, Trichostoma, Aspa- therium, and Odontocerum and has been observed swimming and diving under water to seek its prey. Generic-characters same as family -.-..(1) Agriotypus Walker = Cratopus Holmgren. (Type, Agriotypus armatus Walker. ) 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXUI, Family LXXVI. ICHNEUMONIDZ. 1815. Ichneumonida Leacn (part), Edinb. Encycl., TX, p. 142. 1837. Parasitica Hartia (part), Wiegmann’s Archiv., I, p. 158. 1838. Ichnewmonidx, Family II, Hatipay, Entom. Mag., V, p. 4. 1840. Ichneumonidx, Family III, Wesrwoop, Intro. Mod. Class., Ins., IT, p. 83. 1900. Ichneumonide, Family LX XVI, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey. This family is readily distinguished from the Avaniide and the Ste- phanide by the absence of a distinct costal cell in the front wings, the costal and subcostal veins being parallel and extending close together, side by side, to the stigma; by the abdomen being attached normally, not high up on the dorsum of the metathorax, and by the venation of the hind wings. From the Alysz7d@ it is separated by the normally attached mandibles, as well as by palpial characters, while from the Braconidae it is separated by the venation of the front wings, having, except in a single case, two recurrent nervures, whereas the Braconidw have none or only one. The first cubital and the first discoidal cells are also always confluent, not distinctly separated as in the normal wings of a Braconid, and also by the usually longer abdo- men and by the flexibility of the first and second segments, which in the Braconidae are rigid, connate, or not at all flexible, except in the subfamily Aphidiine. The family /chneumonide may be divided first into five major groups, called subfamilies, as follows: TABLE OF SUBFAMILIES. First abdominal segment straight, not elbowed, most frequently sessile or subsessile, more rarely petiolate, its spiracles usually placed at or before the middle, more rarely somewhat behind the middle; in the latter case the abdomen is compressed; if petiolate, the petiole is usually abruptly enlarged at apex, the spiracles being closer to each other than to the apical margin (very-farely widely separated) 2. ..2..s2 32 2eseasdee cess] 2 First abdominal segment petiolate, not straight, or very rarely, but depressed, curved, bent, or elbowed, and most frequently widened at the apical third, its spiracles placed always beyond the middle or between the middle and the apex; areolet in front wings usually pentagonal or small quadrate, rarely deltoid, petiolate, or rhomboidal, although often absent. Mesosternum not separated from the mesopleura by a grooved line or furrow; spiracles of first abdominal segment wider from each other than to the apex of the segment; ovipositor hidden or at most subexserted; areolet of front wings pentagonal, rarely deltoidal or rhomboidal, or incomplete; TO PLCTOUSHOnMIS(s =. a= ee Subfamily I. 1coNEUMONIN®. Mesosternum separated from the mesopleura by a grooved line or furrow; spiracles of first abdominal segment nearer to each other than to the apex of the segment; ovipositor exserted, prominent, rarely very short; areolet of front wings pentagonal or small quadrate, often incomplete or wanting; apterous and subapterous forms common. Subfamily II. cryprinz. 2. Abdomen usually depressed and sessile, never strongly compressed, although sometimes compressed toward apex, more rarely petiolate; spiracles of a ee eS ee NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. be first segment placed at or a little before the middle, -rarely slightly behind the middle. Abdomen elongate, subcylindrical, most frequently sessile, rarely petiolate or subcompressed at apex; ovipositor always prominent, often very long; areolet in front wings, when present, usually rhomboidal or tri- angular, very rarely pentagonal ......-.---- Subfamily IIT. prrerin x. Abdomen not or rarely very long, depressed, and sessile, fusiform, clavate, ovate,-or oval, more rarely distinctly petiolate; ovipositor hidden, never prominent, at the most subexserted; areolet triangular, rhom- boidal or wanting, rarely pentagonal - .-.-- Subfamily IV. rTrRyPHONIN®. Abdomen usually long, wholly compressed or compressed along the posterior half, rarely subcylindrical; in the latter case the petiole is somewhat abruptly dilated at apex; spiracles of first segment most frequently placed at or behind the middle, more rarely before; areolet in front wings usually triangular, rhomboidal or wanting, often petiolate; ovi- positor either hidden or prominent ----.---- Subfamily V. opHIONIN». Subfamily I. ICHNHUMONIN . 1900. Ichneumonine, Subfamily I, AsHmEap, Smith’s Insects New Jersey, p. 563. To this subfamily belong Forster’s families Zrogotde (= Joppine Kriechbaumer), /chneumonoide, Listrodromoide, Alomyoide, and Pheogenoide, which, however, are here recognized as tribes, since they represent natural minor groups. The tribes recognized in this subfamily may be separated by the use of the following table: TABLE OF TRIBES. Metathoracie spiracles round or circular, more rarely broadly oval; claws simple, TLE Lae OC CUA ALE Wappen erie eee ae ee aS Ao chee Bape aS eyecare Siar 3 Metathoracic spiracles linear or long-oval, but very rarely rounded; if rounded the claws are always pectinate. Mandibles not bidentate, simple, edentate, acute at apex....---------------- 2 Mandibles bidentate; head not broader than long. Metanotum with a strong constriction or furrow between it and the post- scutellum, the metanotum usually short, with a median elevation toward base and without the basal or first median area, or, if at all present, open; areola often reduced to a tubercle, or if defined usually confluent with the petiolar area, rarely distinct, horse-hoof shaped or broadly transverse; scutellum variable, frequently cone- shaped, pyramidal, or highly convex, rarely very flat; sutures between the abdominal segments often strongly constricted; areolet in front wings tetragonal, triangular, or pentagonal (rarely wanting). Tribe I. Joprrnt. Metanotum without such a constriction or furrow, at most with only a weak furrow between it and the postscutellum; metanotum rarely short, always without a median elevation at base and with the basal or first median area distinct, usually complete, the areola and petiolar are separated, distinct, abdomen normal, not or rarely strongly con- stricted between the segments; areolet in front wings pentagonal. Claws simple; second and third abdominal segments with lunulee. Tribe II. IcHNEUMONINI. Claws pectinate; second and third abdominal segments most frequently without lanulee or at least not present on both segments. Tribe III. Lisrropromint. 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. bo Head, viewed from in front, broader than long; occiput strongly concave, the temples: broad, full. 3... 23-2 22-ssesees Tribe IV. HEeREsIARCHINI. 3. Metanotum without the basal or first median area, the areola fully two and a half times as long as wide and acutely pointed at base; petiolar area not longer than wide; metathoracic spiracles large, broadly oval. Tribe V. ALomyINtI. Metanotum with the basal or first median area distinct, the areola never twice as long as wide and not pointed at base, either truncate or rounded, or, at the most, obtusely triangular at base; petiolar area much longer than wide; metathoracic spiracles rounded or circular, never Taree sei vec cc selec tle eee Ree ee ae eee Tribe VI. PH2x0GENINI. ripe. Orme Tie 1868. Trogoide, Family 27, Férsrer, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXV, pp. 144 and 188. 1894. Trogini, Tribe I, AsHmpap, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 278. 1898. Joppine, Subfamily, Krrecupaumer, Ent. Nachr., XXIV, p. 2. 1900. Joppini, Tribe I, AsHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 563. The typical forms falling in this tribe are easily separated by anten- nal, scutellar, and abdominal characteristics from those falling in the tribe Jchneumonini; but there are several genera which can scarcely be distinguished from genuine ichneumonini, and these must be exam- ined carefully for the metathoracic characters made use of in my table of tribes. Forster based the group upon the genus Zrogus Gravenhorst and gave for the family diagnosis a single character—the shape of the scutellum. Kriechbaumer has done no better, although he calls the group a subfamily—the Joppine, taking the name from the first- described genus, Joppa Fabricius. He has, however, given an ex- cellent table, and brought together a number of genera closely related. Kriechbaumer does not include in his table /oppa Fabricius, but for the species usually considered as such he has proposed the name Microjoppa. He had, of course, the right to segregate the old genus Joppa, but no right to reject it entirely and I have here restored the name Joppa for his Microjoppa. His genus Tricyphus, too, seems to be identical with 7rogus Gravenhorst. The following table will aid in separating the genera belonging to this tribe: TABLE OF GENERA. Antennie in female at or beyond the middle widened, compressed; in male beneath serrate; abdomen with more or less distinct angular emargina- tions, the segments, at least in part, striate or aciculate....-- 2 Only one or the other characteristies pres@ht._. 522-22 2220-2 22 eee ee eee 6 2. Wings with at least the tips brown, often also with brown maculee or bands toward the base or before the middle, seldom wholly or in great part browil. 2 Suess2s0c66 Soe eee eee Wings hyaline, the widening of the antennz often insignificant, scarcely perceptible: 2 :2s4.og8 22 oe es ee eee ee eee eee 4 3. Labrum hidden under the clypeus; head large, with the cheeks more or less swollen; species rather small, mostly yellow, or reddish yel- ah eal od | | | No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 13 low and black; areolet in front wings usually oblique, trape- zoidal, not petiolate; scutellum convexly rounded; gastrocceli distimets. = 2. : (1) Joppa Fabricius= Microjoppa Kreichbaumer. (Type, Joppa dorsata Fabricius.) Labrum prominent or projecting; species rather large. Fifth dorsal abdominal segment in female inclosing the sixth; in male the sixth inclosing the seventh; apex in both sexes sometimes extending into a short point----(2) Cryplopyge Kriechbaumer. (Type, Joppa picta Guérin. ) Fifth dorsal abdominal segment in the female and the seventh in the male distinctly visible; areolet oblique, trapezoidal, petiolate. (3) Macrojoppa Kriechbaumer. (Type, Joppa blandita Cresson. ) 4. Antenne in male lengthened, but scarcely perceptibly widened; areolet pentag- O11 ee eters ee alee are eerie ease ake Eee 5 Antenne in male much thickened at the middle or strongly widened and again narrowed; abdominal segments two and three very flat and with fine close aciculations, the following compressed, almost conically pointed, with fine scattered punctures; areolet small, pentagonal, but so narrowed and contracted as to appear nearly Tetrac OMe pe see ea eee en Sea (4) Conopyge Kriechbaumer. (Type, Conopyge cinctipes Kriechbaumer. ) 5. Scrobes normal, the lateral margins not produced into tubercles; gastrocceli distinct. Basal joint of hind tarsi produced below into a flattened leaf-like projection. (5) Ileanta Cameron. (Type, Zleanta latitarsis Cameron. ) Basil joint of hind tarsi normal. Labrum prominent, projecting; aciculations of abdomen in male very strong, extending to the middle of the fourth segment, in female Onetokune diithe = seen ease (6) Lindigia Kriechbaumer. (Type, Lindigia varia Kriechbaumer. ) Labrum hidden under the clypeus. Abdomen with the aciculations extending only to the middle of thethird sepment-&. 62.4.2 2: (7) Pecilojoppa Kriechbaumer. (Type, Peecilojoppa histrio Kriechbaumer. ) Abdomen with all the segments aciculated; scutellum margined at sides; submedian cell a little shorter than the median. (8) Ortezia Cresson. (Type, Joppa egregia Cresson. ) Abdomen with segments two and three ruguloso—punctate, the following almost smooth, shining; gastrocoeli large, oblique, deep, with a narrow space between; scutellum convex; abruptly declivous posteriorly, the sides margined; metathorax with the upper hind angles briefly dentate, the areolet present. (9) Henicophatnus Kriechbaumer. (Type, Henicophatnus rufithorax Kriechbaumer. ) Scrobes with the lateral margins produced into slightly curved tubercles; gastrocceli wanting; scutellum flat; abdomen strongly punctate. (10) Abzaria Cameron. (Type, Abzaria latipetiolaris Cameron. ) 6. Antenne in female dilated between the middle and the apex, more rarely scarcely perceptibly dilated; abdominal segments truncate, without dis- tinct aciculations or foveate impressions, usually punctate; male often difficult to separate from those in the Ichneumonini; areo- 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. let trapezoidal, rarely quadrate, triangular, or pentagonal (rarely wanting))\ 22o2/s2.20 <3 ce oa aalte ee ee ee oe ao Antenne in both sexes filiform, not perceptibly dilated at the middle. Abdomen with more than three visible dorsal segments, and aciculate or striate: s..o Sess cn Fae Oe a ee eee a Apdomen with only three visible dorsal segments, closely and strongly punc- tate, the third at apex ending in a strong tooth on each side; scutellum at apex tridentate ....-...- (11) Rothneyia Cameron. (Type, Rothneyia wroughtonii Cameron. ) 7. Legs long and slender, the hind femora extending to or beyond the tip of the abdomen; last ventral segment entire; shape of body and color of wings similar to Macrojoppa species. (12) Ischnopus Kreichbaumer. (Type, Ischnopus longiceps Kreichbaumer. ) Legs shorter, at the most the hind femora extending only to the apex of the fourth dorsal segment. Scutellum flat; wings wholly violaceous black or the anterior are marked witht yelllow=2See.o-eeeee oee (13) Pedinopelte Kreichbaumer. (Type, Joppa Gravenhorstii Guérin. ) Seutellum subquadrate, truncate at apex, subconvex above and margined laterally; metathorax short, imperfectly areolated, the spiracles elongate linear; areolet in front wings triangular. (14) Obba Tosquinet. (Type, Obba celatus Tosquinet. ) | Scutellum more or less pyramidal or conical, immargined; areolet in front wings subpentagonal or subrhomboidal. (15) Dinotomus Forster = Psilomastix Tischbein. (Type, Ichneumon lapidator Fabricius. ) 8. Seutellum elevated, convex, conical or saddle-shaped; posterior face of meta- thorax with three parallel areas, rarely entirely wanting or undistinetly defined... 'U. seit ees as ee 9 9. Metathorax normal, the upper hind angles not produced into teeth or spines. .10 Metathorax with the upper hind angles produced into teeth or spines, or with a very shanpiledgve ts 222,22. Se. fo ea eee 14 10. Areolet small or only moderately large, trapezoidal, triangular, or pentagonal. -.11 Areolet large, in outline quadrate; abdomen with normal number of segments. (16) Tetragonochara Kriechbaumer. (Type, Joppa polychroa Brulle. ) Areolet wanting; abdomen with only three visible dorsal segments. (17) Chreusa Cameron. (Type, Chreusa fulvipes Cameron. ) Jae Abdomen wii/ianventralyslituiapexses-ssee soe sass ae ae eee 12 Abdomen without a ventral slit at apex. 5 ’ Scutellum and metanotum at base elevated, the postscutellum between also sometimes with a small elevation, the metanotum very short, obliquely truncate from near base; areolet in front wings trape- zoidal or rhomboidal, more rarely pentagonal. Labrum hidden, areola of metanotum obsolete or very minute, some- times represented by a tubercle; areolet in front wings not pen- tagonal; scutellum subconical, not margined laterally. (18) Trogus Gravenhorst = Tricyphus Kriechbaumer. Labrum not entirely hidden, rounded anteriorly; areola of metanotum distinct, usually horse-hoof shaped; areolet in front wings usually pentagon a) es ae ee (19) Automalus Wesmael. (Type, Trogus alboguttatus Gravenhorst. ) ‘ No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. v5 Scutellum flat or subeonyex, the metanotum not elevate, the areola distinct; female antennee slightly flattened beyond the middle; metano- tum not short. | Areola horse-hoof shaped, a little longer than wide; basal lateral and middle lateral areas confluent ---(20) Protichnewmon Thomson. (Type, Ichneumon fusorius Linnzeus. ) Areola not distinctly horse-hoof shaped, a little wider than long; basal lateral and middle lateral areas separated. 3 (21) Ceelichneumon Thomson. Type, Ichneumon lineator Grayenhorst. fieaAntenne in female yery slightly widened -............-........-.----.--- 13 Antennze in female distinctly lanceolate. Areolet tetragonal, pyramidal; metathorax very short, strongly declivous; thesaneolaiverysshort 5. =. 22.2522. - (22) Catadelphus Wesmael. (Type, Ichnewmon arrogator Fabricius. ) Areolet irregularly pentagonal or nearly trapezoidal, the veins sometimes curved, as in Dinotomus Forster. (23) Camarota Kriechbaumer. (Type, Camarota thoracica Kriechbaumer. ) Areolet pentagonal; scutellum margined laterally and posteriorly; head almost quadrate; abdomen narrow. (24) Ischnojoppa Kriechbaumer. (Type, Joppa lutea Fabricius. ) 13. Scutellum convex, with lateral ridges at base; areolet irregularly pentagonal; metathorax areolated; abdomen strongly punctate, the seg- ments 2-5 constricted at the sutures. (25) Trogomorpha Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Ichneumon trogiformis Cresson. ) Scutellum saddle-shaped; i. e., pyramidal, with an emargination at apex; meta- thorax exareolated; abdomen aciculate and rugulose. (26) Microsarge Kriechbaumer. (Type, Microsarge sieberi Kriechbaumer. ) Scutellum cushion-shaped, surrounded by a distinct, elevated margin, the field thus formed nearly horse-hoof shaped; metathorax exareolated, the hind angles rounded, with only a small tubercle; abdomen finely punctate-rugulose; all tarsi long, as long or a little longer than their femora. Female...(27) Hoplojoppa Kriechbaumer. (Type, Hoplojoppa parvispina Kriechbaumer. ) Seutellum thorn-shaped; metathorax areolated as in Ichneumon; abdomen rather flat, subclavate, finely and moderately regularly acicu- late and rugulose; female antennz scarcely perceptibly wid- CM CGaNie Aefs hues Lee ee (28) Stenolonche Kriechbaumer. (Type, Stenolonche areolata Kriechbaumer. ) 14, Labrum prominent, distinct; metathoracic spines very large; scutellum flat and margined to beyond the middle, the margins anteriorly acutely elevated; areolet pentagonal; submedian cell a little longer than the median, the disco-cubital vein broken at the middle by a slight stump of a vein..-.. (29) Cryplojoppa Kriechbaumer. (Type, Cryplojoppa semicastanea Kriechbaumer. ) Labrum hidden; metathoracic spines small. Head transverse, the temples not especially broad; scutellum saddle-shaped, emarginate above; areolet pentagonal or nearly trigonal; anten- nee feebly dilated...-..------ (30) Eccoptosarge Kriechbaumer. (Type, Eccoptosarge Waagenii Kriechbaumer. ) 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Head large, swollen, the occiput deeply concave; scutellum very broad, subquadrate, more or less elevated, and margined at the sides, unituberculate, or with a small spine above; areolet rather small, pentagonal, the median and submedian cells of an equal length; gastrocceli very large transverse. (81) Gdicephalus Cresson. (Type, Gdicephalus longicornis Cresson. ) Head transverse, or subquadrate; scutellum cushion-shaped, convex, and margined; areolet trapezoidal; metathorax exareolated. (Male). (27) Hoplojoppa Kriechbaumer. (Type, Hoplojoppa parvispina Kriechbaumer. ) Tribe ll. [CHNEUMONINE 1868. Ichneumonoidx, Family 29, Forstper, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXYV, pp. 144 and 149. 1894. Ichneumonini, Tribe II, AsHmMgEap, Proc. Ent. Soc., Wash., III, p. 278. 1900. Ichneumonini, Tribe II, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 564. As previously stated, this tribe is scarcely separable from some forms belonging to the Joppinz, and it requires considerable care and the closest scrutiny for the detection of the metathoracic differences, used in my table of tribes, before one can be sure of the position of certain forms. It is clearly connected with the Joppini by the genus Amblyteles and allied genera through Protichneumon, Calichneumon, and Automalus. The tribe is, however, easily separated from the others: The simple, non-pectinate claws separate it from the Listrodromini, the bidentate mandibles from the Heresiarchini, while the large, elongate or linear spiracles distinguish it from the Alomyini and the Phwogenini. The genera may be distinguished by the use of the following table: TABLE OF GENERA. Basal third of petiole flattened, wider than thick dorso-ventrally ........-----.-- 8 Basal third of petiole not flattened, or so little that it is not wider than thick dorso- ventrally. Abdomen in female with its tip blunt, the last ventral segment covering the base of the: borers (Ambiypy qt) oo aeons ee eee 5 ~ Abdomen in female with its tip pointed, not blunt, the last ventral segment not covering the base of the borer (Oxypygi)-.----------------- 2 2. Scutellum not short, convexly elevated and declivous posteriorly, not margined laterally; metathorax with the upper hind angles usually den- tate, the areola wider than long. (32) Hoplismenus Grayenhorst. (Type, Hoplismenus perniciosus Gravenhorst. ) Scutellum short, subconvex, rounded posteriorly and margined laterally, meta- thorax unarmed, the areola narrow, curved and much broader than long 2.35 beSseq gene eee eee (83) Callimus Tosquinet. (Type, Callimus adornatus Tosquinet. ) Scutellum usually flat, never much elevated nor highly declivous posteriorly. Clypeus medially on the anterior margin not emarginate or sinuate, either truncate or slightly rounded *2222-=eeee a eee 3 ih ated ee ney ee ee aR See ee hein til i act ci Sl cfd. No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. i Clypeus medially on the anterior margin, emarginate or sinuate; metathorax with the areola elongate rectangular, the labrum more or less exposed; ciliate; antenn:e filiform. (84) Chasmias Ashmead, new name. = Chasmodes Wesmael nec Cuvier et Valenciennes. (Type, Ichneumon notatorius Grayenhorst. ) 3. Ovipositor and sheaths not or only slightly extending beyond the tip of the PUM OMEN eee Renae ee rae et cacti ce cee een ea eens 4 Ovipositor and sheaths thickened and extending beyond the tip of the abdomen. Antenne filiform; metathorax with the areola large, nearly hexagonal; : eighth dorsal abdominal segment exserted. (35) Exephanes Wesmael. (Type, Ichneumon hilaris Grayenhorst. ) 4. Second abdominal segment cask-shaped, the sutures between segments 2, 3, andlAsvenysdeep= os. eo a. soe aa (36) Pithotomus Kriechbaumer. (Type, Pithotomus rifiventris Kriechbaumer. ) Second abdominal segment normal, not cask-shaped, trapezoidal, or rectangular. Abdomen subdepressed, the petiole feebly bent. ’ (37) Diphyus Kriechbaumer = Diphyes Kriechbaumer. (Type, Diphyes tricolor Kriechbaumer. ) Abdomen convex, the petiole strongly curved or bent at the posterior third; Anterior tarsi in female somewhat dilated-.-(388) Hupalamus Wesmael. (Type, Eupalamus oscillator Wesmael. ) Anterior tarsi in female normal. Areola of metanotum quadrate or nearly, the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas confluent; post petiole scabrous or rugulose; flagellar joints 2-4 in female three or more times longer than thick. (39) Stenichnewmon Thomson. (Type, Ichneumon pisorius Linnzeus. ) Areola of metanotum quadrate, usually a little longer than wide, the hind margin curved inwardly or more or less angularly emarginate, the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas usually, but not always, separated; post petiole aciculate; flagellar joints 2-4 in female short, scarcely or not much longer than thick. (40) Ichneumon Linneeus. (Type, Ichneumon luctatorius Linnzeus. ) Areola of metanotum large, hexagonal or subquadrate, the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas usually separated; post petiole punctate; flagellar joints 2-4 in female subequal, longer alriat lat keseeett: Sharer Ne eo (41) Melanichneumon Thomson. (Type, Ichneumon spectabilis Holingren. ) Areola of metanotum horse-hoof shaped or nearly, a little wider than long, or cordate, the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas complete; antennze in female stout; flagellar joints 2-4 longerithanithi ck saeco = =] (42) Cratichneumon Thomson. (Type, Ichnewmon luteiventris Thomson. ) Areola of metanotum nearly semicircular, wider than long, the basal lateral and middle lateral areas separated; head subquad- rate; antenne and legs stout; flagellar joints 2-4 in female quad- rate or nearly, not or scarcely longer than wide. (43) Barichneumon Thomson. (Type, Ichneumon anator Gravenhorst.) 2 Proc Ns M.> vol: xxii 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. 5. Abdomen in female very long and much compressed toward apex. (44) Limerodes Wesmael. (Type, Limerodes ophionoventris Wesmael. ) Abdomen in female neither especially long nor compressed toward apex. Abdomen in female with 7 dorsal segments; joints 12-16 of male antennze mot! widened = eoe2 2: = =. See eee eo eee 6 Abdomen in female with 8 dorsal segments; joints 12-16 of male antennze somewhat widened. Scutellum normal. Metathorax unarmed, the spirales oval; abdomen very slender. (45) Hypomecus Wesmael. (Type, Hypomecus albitarsis Wesmael. ) Metathorax normal, bispinose, or bidentate, the spirales elongate or linear; abdomen not slender; male antennz slender, the joints nodulose beneath. Abdomen without ventral fold, except sometimes on first segment; gastroceeli and thyridia large, deep, broader than the space between; seventh segment in both sexes black; areola of metanotum in outline circular with its apex truncate. (46) Clenichneumon Thomson. (Type, Amblyteles funereus Gravenhorst. ) Abdomen with ventral fold on segments | and 2 or1 to 3; gastrocceli and thyridia small or moderate. Mesosternal epicnemia entire; dorsal abdominal segments 6 and 7 spotted with white or yellow; hypopygium large, almost entirely covering the terebra; third ventral segment rarelyvawitoa olds ee (47) Spilichneumon Thomson. (Type, Amblyteles occisorius Gravenhorst. ) Mesosternal epicnemia not entire; anus usually pale; hypopy- gium usually not attaining the terebra; third ventral seg- ment usually with a fold. Upper hind angles of metathorax unarmed. (48) Pseudamblyteles Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Amblyteles paliiatorius Gravenhorst.) Upper hind angles of metathorax distinctly bispinose or bidentatessase see es eee (49) Amblyteles Wesmael. (Type, Ichneumon bidentorius Fabricius = fasciatorius Wesmael. ) Scutellum gibbous; metathorax bidentate; abdomen short, oval. (50) Hybophorus Kriechbaumer. (Type, Ichneuwmon aulacus Gravenhorst. ) 6. Pronotal furrow normal, not interrupted medially by an elevation or keel... 7 Pronotal furrow interrupted medially by an elevation or keel. (51) Anisobus Wesmael. (Type, Ichnewmon cingulatorius Wesmael. ) 7. Tarsi on the underside pilose, without or with very small spines. Metathorax with the areola longer than wide. (52) Hepiopelmus Wesmael. Type, Ichneumon leucostigmus Gravenhorst. ) Tarsi on the underside pilose, with strong spines. Clypeus anteriorly strongly rounded and medially toothed or angulated. (53) Acolobus, Wesmael. (Type, Acolobus sericeus Wesmael.) — No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 19 Clypeus anteriorly straight, truncate. Scutellum quadrate; antennal joints 12-16 dilated laterally. Male. (45) Hypomecus Wesmael. (Type, Hypomecus albitarsis Wesmael. ) Scutellum not quadrate; antennal joints 12-16 not dilated laterally. Metathorax bidentate: =. 2.2.2 2224. - (49) Amblyteles Wesmael. Metathorax umarmed.-..-.2:----.- (48) Pseudamblyteles Ashmead. 8. First abdominal segment at the elbow much swollen, gibbous, or angulated. (54) Probolus Wesmael. (Type, Ichneumon fossorius Gravenhorst. ) First abdominal segment at the elbow nof gibbous or angulated. Scuttellumepyramidale S22 222 eee! (55) Pyramidophorus Tischbein. (Type, Pyramidophorus flavoguttatus Tischbein. ) Scutellum not pyramidal. Antenne very strongly serrate. Male...(56) Pristocerus Grayenhorst. (Type, Pristocerus serrarius Gravenhorst. ) Antenne not strongly serrate. First abdominal segment neither broad nor rugose its entire Pere tise, eg ene ee set eh se ce es hanes hae 2) AG Ce he 9 First abdominal segment very broad and wholly rugose. (57) Rhyssolabus Kriechbaumer. (Type, Platymischos brassicus Tischbein. ) 9. Areolet pentagonal (rarely subtriangular and briefly petiolate in some males. ) Scutellum laterally margined at the most only at the base, never to the middle. Front tarsi without a single joint armed with fine spines. (58) Hurylabus Wesmael. (Type, Hurylabus torvus Wesmael. ) Front tarsi with most of the joints armed with fine spines. (59) EHristicus Wesmael. (Type, Ichnewmon clericus Gravenhorst. ) Scutellum laterally margined to beyond the middle. (60) Platylabus Wesmael. ) (Type, Platylabus rufus Wesmael. ) Tribe III. LISTRODROMINI. 1868. Listrodromoidx, Family 32, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXV, pp. 144 and 194. 1894. Listrodromini, Tribe IV, AsHmEaAp, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 278. The species belonging to this tribe have the claws pectinate, never simple; otherwise they are scarcely distinguishable from those found in the Joppini and the Ichnewmonini. Forster placed in the group only two genera, Veotypus and Listro- dromus, while I have ventured to place here five other genera, TABLE OF GENERA. Memtimmoracic spitactes- round Or Oval... 2.20. 2. seed sc Gees LeeLee Sec 4 Metathoracic spiracles, large, elongate, forming a long slit, sometimes curved. Scutellum flat, or at most subconvex, never gibbous or elevated _....-------- 2 Scutellum elevated at apex and highly declivous; metathorax normal, unarmed. (61) Cienochares Forster. 20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII. Scutellum gibbous with lateral carinee; metathorax bidentate, exareolate. (62) Joppites Berthoumieu = Celmis Tosquinet = Pseudojoppa Kreichbaumer. Z0eMetathorax mornaal)) umn ed at ae See ee eae ee ar ee eee eee 3 Metathorax bispined or bidentate. Spiracles of abdominal segments elongate or oval; metathorax not or very indistinctly areolated; submedian cell not longer than the median; disco-cubital neryure broken by a stump of a vein; areolet with the sides strongly convergent above, triangular or rhomboidal; abdomen banded, the ovipositor subexserted. (63) Cressonianus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Patroclus lectus Cresson. ) 3. Metathorax not short, not or very indistinctly areolated; submedian cell a little longer than the median; disco-cubital nervure broken by a stump of a vein; areolet pentagonal; scutellum margined at sides anteriorly; abdo- men blue or black, not banded, the spiracles of the first segment large, subreniform; claws with long teeth._-...---.-- (64) Patroclus Cresson. (Type, Patroclus nigroceruleus Cresson. ) Metathorax short, truncate posteriorly and distinctly areolated; submedian cell a little shorter than the median, or never longer; disco-cubital neryure not broken by a stump of a vein; areolet regularly pentagonal; scutellum margined at sides clear to the apex; abdomen not wholly blue or black, the spiracles of the first segment very small, rounded; claws with shorter teeth at base only (sometimes difficult to discern). (65) Neotypus Forster. (Type, Ichneumon lepidator Fabricius. ) 4. Metathoracic spiracles oval, the metanotum exareolated; scutellum flat, longer than wide, with elevated lateral margins.-..---.- (66) Hradha Cameron. (Type, Eradha trichiosoma Cameron. ) Metathoracic spiracles round, the metanotum areolated; scutellum pyramidal. (67) Listrodromus Wesmael. (Type, Ichneumon nyctermerus Gravenhorst. ) Tribe: LV." -HERESTARCE IMT: 1900. Heresiarchini, Tribe IV, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 567. This tribe is proposed for ‘certain genera having the mandibles simple, edentate and acute at apex, and this simple character readily distinguishes the group from all others. Four genera belong here, separable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Metathorax normal unarmed 22.2222 2.4. A= Se - s eee eeeeee 2 Metathorax bidentate. Head large, strongly concave behind the temples, the cheeks full, buccate; transverse median nervure in front wings interstitial; disco-cubital nervure broken by a stump of a vein before the middle; antennz broadly ringed with white...---- (68) Plagiotrypes Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Ichneumon concinnus Say.) 2. Metathorax with the areola semicircular, smooth, and shining; scutellum not margined laterally to beyond the middle; second abdominal segment with the gastrocceli linear and placed longitudinally. (69) Heresiarches Wesmael. (Type, Heresiarches eudoxius Wesmael.) MRR oe NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. Di Metathorax with the areola nof semicircular; scutellum: margined laterally to beyond the middle; second abdominal segment with the thyridia occu- pying the entire breadth and scarcely separated at the middle. (70) Rhexidermus Forster. (Type, unknown.) Metathorax with the basal median and basal lateral areas confluent; scutellum margined laterally only at base; second abdominal segment with the thyridia widely separated at the middle. ‘71) Stenodontus Berthoumieu. (=Gnathorys Wesmael. ) (Type, Ichneumon inarginellus Gravenhorst. ) iribe, Vo, ALOMY INI. 1844. Ichneumones heterogastri Wresmari, Nouv. Mém. Acad. Sci. Brux., X VITI, p-. 217. 1868. Alomyoide, Family 31, Forsrer, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XN V, pp. 144 and 194. 1894. Alomyini, Tribe III, AsHmeap, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 278. I have followed Forster in retaining this group as distinct from the Ichneumonini, where some authorities would place it, or from the Pheogenini, where others would place it. To me it seems to approach nearest to the Phwogenin/, but is readily separated by its metanotal characters and by the shape of the metathoracice spiracles. Only a single genus is known in the group, distinguishable as follows: Form elongate; metathorax smooth, exareolated, the spiracles large, oval; abdomen elongate, smooth and polished, the sides parallel, the second segment qwithout gastrocceli; antennze with the joints of the flagellum short, in female not or scarcely twice as long as wide, in male the joints, except the first, not longer than MUL MICA CIC MAGEALCC ys ears ona mee oS ei cke sclnceeee ss (72) Alomya Panzer. (Type, Alomya ovata Panzer. ) drives Val PE ASTOGE NIN. 1868. Phxogenoidx, Family 30, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, pp. 144 and 191. 1894. Phxogenini, Tribe V, AsHMEAD, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 278 1898. Cyclopneustici, Subtribe, Berrnoumigu, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, L KV ps Oo2- 1900. Pheogenini, Tribe VI, AsuMEApD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 568. To this tribe belong a large number of the smaller ichneumonids, separated at once from those in the other tribes by the small, rounded, or circular metathoracic spiracles. It is believed that the genera falling here can be readily distin- guished by the use of the following table: TABLE OF GENERA, Elica OLeSPeClallwAclevalteG@aemeceessccs sete ots te ese soe eee ecco eee 2 Scutellum very convex and elevated. Tip of abdomen acute, the ovipositor quite straight; head transverse-quadrate, the temples as wide as the eye; lunulze large transverse, more or less GCODMUCT teeta Oe eras aL Fe a (73) Ischnus Gravenhorst. (Type, Ischnus thoracicus Gravenhorst. ) bo PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII. nw Tip of abdomen very obtuse, the ovipositor curving upward. (74) Heterischnus Wesmael. (Type, Ichneumon pulex Miller.) 2. Superior hind angles of metathorax normal, not toothed..-..--...........-- 3 Superior hind angles of metathorax prominently toothed; clypeus subquadrate. (75) Apzleticus Wesmael. (Type, Apeleticus bellicosus Wesmael. ) Spiracles of first abdominal segment placed at the middle. (76) Diacritus Forster. Spiracles of first abdominal segment placed behind the middle. Metathorax much lengthened and at apex produced beyond the base of the hind coxe. Clypeus convex, not separated from the face at base; abdomen not Gompressediaiihenpexe == aaa (77) Oronotus Wesmael. (Type, Oronotus coarctatus Wesmael.) Clypeus depressed, separated from the face by a deep furrow; abdomen compressed at apex -=2 2-21.33 (78) Diaschisaspis Forster. (Type, Diaschisaspis campoplegoides Holmgren.) 4. Second abdominal segment with the lunulze small, never twice as long as broad; metanotum nol sloping gradually from base to apex .....---.----- 5 Second abdominal segment with the lunulee very large, linear, twice as long as broad; metanotum gradually sloping from base to apex; areolet open’ of Gloseds es eae (79) Hemichneumon Wesmael. (Type, Hemichneumon suspectus Wesmael. ) 5. Areolet open behind; marginal cell along the costa scarcely longer than the triangular stigma; transverse median nervure in hind wings straight, NOU DRO KE Meteo ee (80) Epitomus Forster. (Type, Epitomus parvus Thomson. ) Areolet closed. Clypeustimarmed without ay tooth abapexees+ esse oe seat ene eee ee 6 Clypeus with a tooth at apex. Upper tooth of the mandibles longer than the lower; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken below the MMHG S.2 een co eee OEE eRe Ee Cee (81) Misetus Wesmael. (Type, Misetus oculatus Wesmael. ) 6. Clypeus at apex with a median semicircular emargination; mandibles with the teeth very unequalis 2s. esceee eee eee (82) Oiorhinus Wesmael. (Type, Oiorhinus pallipalpis Wesmael. ) Clypeus at apex without such an emargination. Clypeus at apex medially without a fovea - 4.2... .22212-- see sess sosebees G Clypeus at apex medially with a deep depression or fovea which often appears laterally as two small, blunt teeth; abdomen shagreened or densely coriaceous and finely punctate; mandibles rather large, the teeth subequal; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken very little below the middle ..........------.-- (83) dithecerus Wesmael. (Type, dthecerus dispar Wesmael. ) 7. Discoidal transverse nervure wanting ....-.-.......-.... (84) Tycherus Forster. Discoidal transverse nervure present. Second abdominal segment without distinct gastrocceli at base ...-------- 8 Second abdominal segment with distinct gastrocceli at base. Metathorax at apex not produced beyond insertion of hind coxe. Scape of antennze only slightly emarginate, longer than the first joint of flagellum ==s-- eos ee eee (85) Herpestomus Wesmael. (Type, Ichneumon brunnicornis Gravenhorst. ) j NO. 1206. IGHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. es Scape of antennee very deeply emarginate, shorter or no longer than the first joint of flagellum. .--.----- (86) Diadromus Wesmael. (Type, Ichneumon troglodytes Grayenhorst. ) Metathorax at apex produced somewhat beyond the insertion of hind COSKEE PEE pee tenn. LE eS See Oe ig (87) Thyrexella Holmgren. (Type, Ischnus collaris Gravenhorst. ) 8. Second segment with the thyridia more or less distinct -....2....--.------- 13 Second segment withowl a trace of thyridia or the same are unusually small and indistinct. Mandibles in female at base beneath not emarginate ...--.------------- 9 Mandibles in female at base beneath emarginate. ; (88) Colpognathus Wesmael. (Type, Ichneumon celerator Gravenhorst. ) 9. Head quadrate or nearly, the temples broad Head transverse, not nearly quadrate. Metanotum with the areola lengthened, not cordate...---.---..\------ 10 Metanotum with the areola cordate or reniform. (89) Diceelotus Wesmael (—=Dicelus Wesmael=Cinwelotus Holmgren). (Type, Ichneumon pumilus Gravensorst. ) 10. Scutellum margined laterally to the tip.-...----------- (90) Holocrepis Forster. Seutellum not marginal laterally to the tip; at the most margined only at the ; DELS Cnr ne eee ond on Oe ey ie (91) Deloglyplus Forster. (Type, Deloglyptus punctiventris Thomsen. ) 11. Clypeus twice as wide as long; first abdominal segment somewhat longer than the second; flagellum in male very slender at base.......-.---- 12 Clypeus scarcely broader than long; first abdominal segment in female shorter than the second, in maleabout one-half as long. - (92) Micrope Forster. (Type, Pheogenes macilentus Wesmael. ) 12. Face much shortened; scape twice as long as the first joint of flagellum. (93) Eparces Forster. (Type, Eparces quadriceps Thomson. ) Face not much shortened; scape stout, globose. First joint of flagellum rarely longer than thick, shorter than the second; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken below the middle. (94) Centeterus Wesmael. (Type, Centeterus major Wesmael. ) First joint of flagellum elongate, three or more times longer than thick, and longer than the second; transverse median neryvure in hind wings broken above the middle.-..---------- (95) Pecilostictus Ratzeburg. 13. Mesonotum and: scutellum not wholly flattened -.........--.--------.----- 14 Mesonotum and scutellum wholly flattened, the postscutellum smooth, shining. Metanotum with a distinetly circumscribed areola----. (96) Mriplatys Forster. (Type, Harpestomus ardeicollis Wesmael. ) Metanotum without an areola -......----.----- ...-(97) Anopiesta Forster. 14. Second abdominal segment with two fovezw at base; metathorax not areolated. (98) Nematomicrus Wesmael. Second abdominal segment with thyridia only at base; metathorax areolated. Thyridia lying close to the base and indistinct; postpetiole broad, strongly punctured; clypeus thickly punctured. ----- (99) Beosemus Forster. (Type, Ichneumon mitigosus Gravenhorst. ) Thyridia not lying close to the base and usually large; postpetiole not broad nor strongly punctured; clypeus not thickly punctured. Postpetiole very short, scarcely one-fourth the length of the petiole; 24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. thyridia very large and broad, placed far beyond the base and only a little before the middle of the segment. Head quadrate; areola pentgonal or nearly; abdomen sha- greened or punctate basally. -....- (100) Notosemus Forster. (Type, Notosemus Bohemani Wesmael. ) Head subglobose; areola of metanotum semicircular; abdomen SMmOOth= ees Fe ee eee ee (101) Mavesia Holmgren. (Type, Phogenes argutus Wesmael. ) Head not quadrate, at most subquadrate; postpetiole not very short; thyridia placed tolerably close to the base of the segment; clypeus completely separated from the face. Cheeks not buccate; the elypeus truncate or slightly rounded antenorhytes 5 7\25= ao eee (102) Phxogenes Wesmael. (Type, Ichneumon semivulpinus Gravenhorst. ) Cheeks buccate; the clypeus very short bisinuate anteriorly. (103) Proscus Holmgren. (Type, Phxogenes cephalotes Wesmael. ) Subfamily Il. CRY PTIN 4. 1868. Cryptoidx, Family 26, F6rster (part), Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXV, pp. 144 and 186. 1873. Cryptidx, Family, THomson, Opus Ent., V, p. 467. 1887. Cryptine, Subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 42. 1888. Cryptidx, Family, THomson, Opus Ent., XII, p. 1286. 1900. Cryptine, Subfamily II, AsHMEap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 568. This subfamily, with the exception of possibly the /chnewmonina, ‘an be easily separated from all the others by the characters made use of in my table of subfamilies. With the subfamily mentioned, however, it is different, since the species falling in it are exceedingly closely allied, and the males especially are separated, or placed, with difficulty. The females, however, may be easily distinguished, “except in a few cases, by the prominent, exserted ovipositor, and the position of the spiracles of the first abdominal segment. Both sexes, however, possess a character not found in the /ehneu- moninne, Viz, «more or less distinct, longitudinal grooved line or furrow, sometimes punctate or crenulate, situated low down on the mesopleura and which separates the mesosternum from these sclerites. This char- acter may always be depended upon to separate a cryptine from an ichneumonine. Seven distinct minor groups, or tribes, may be distinguished, sep- arated as follows: TABLE OF TRIBES, Metathorax without distinct longitudinal carinee or at the most with only the pleural carinze present, the petiolar area always wanting, usually with one or two transverse carinze or with none; stigma most frequently nar- rowed, lanceolate; apterous and subapterous forms common. .-.-- a Metathorax with longitudinal carinee and usually more or less completely areolated, the petiolar area present; stigma usually widened, triangular, sub- triangular, or ovate; subapterous forms rare. pin No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 25 Metathorax usually produced beyond the insertion of hind cox, the petiolar area and the areola usually confluent and extending clear to the base; ovipositor very short, at the most subexserted. Tribe I. Srrupnint. Metathorax not produced beyond the hind coxse; ovipositor exserted. Front wings with a complete areolet; head usually quadrate; antennze and legs most frequently stout -...-------- Tribe Il. PryGaprvontint. Front wings with the areolet incomplete, open behind or wanting; head not or rarely quadrate; antennze and legs usually slender. Basal nervure not strongly curved inwardly...-Tribe ILL. Hemrrenrnt. Basal nervure strongly curved inwardly --.---- Tribe TV. Przomacnint. PAROS SBhUlllveCevelLOMe daa aaa Ae on ERO LSE te eatin 3 Wanes albsemtronainlneviatedss ss50 aa 2s feet eS Beate Tribe IV. Prezomacnint. Metanotmm motjareolated(.s {325.02 gb 2 ale e2 Tribe IV. Przomacurnt. 3. Front wings with the stigma narrowed, the areolet variable, pentagonal, or small quadrate, sometimes almost punctiform, more rarely open behind or entirely absent; discoidal cell with the lower apical angle straight or obtuse, the basal nervure not strongly curved inwardly; ADS CiSSsanOimCOstailOM ey =e tea et ee ken sl 2 den oe Se cigs 4 Front wings with the stigma broad, triangular, the areolet pentagonal in posi- tion but open behind, the basal nervure strongly curved inwardly; aloscissaxshort: (Viale?) seas 28 ee ee eee Tribe IV. Przomacnuint. MeeAreoOletmentireliy, wamtines.2.+.----4-.-225-255------ Tribe V. Hemicasrrrint. Areolet distinct, usually large, never very small, and always pentagonal, the sides convergent above or parallel. -..-------- Tribe VI. Cryprint. Areolet small, quadrate, sometimes almost punctiform, sometimes open behind, but never pentagonal in position... ~~~ --- Tribe VII. Masosrentnt. ‘ribo owk Selec PNINE 1868. Stilpnoide, Family 28, Forsrrr, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, pp. 144 and 188. 1873. Stilpnina, Tribes, Tomson, Opus Ent., V, p. 468. 1884. Stilpnina, Tribes, THomson, Opus Ent., X, p. 1018. 1894. Stilpnini, Tribe 1, AsHmran, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 278. 1900. Stilpnini, Tribe I, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 568. This group is of small extent and at one time, on account of the brevity of the ovipositor, was confused and classified with the genuine Ichneumonines; but from these it is at once separated by the longitu- ninal furrow which separates the mesosternum from the mesopleura. The tribe is distinguished from the others in this subfamily not only by the non-exserted, or at most, subexserted ovipositor, but also by its metathoracic characters. All, except two or three of the genera, have the metathorax long, gradually sloping from base to apex, and pro- duced posteriorly beyond the insertion of the hind coxe, with the areola and the petiolar area confluent, extending to, or almost to, its base. Most of the species, too, are highly polished and have the abdomen long, more or less compressed, rarely short or broad, while the areo- let in the front wings, although sometimes closed and pentagonal, is most frequently wanting or open. 26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. Kight genera are placed here, distinguished as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Fourth abdominal segment and the following not at all or only slightly compressed; if much compressed, compressed from the second segment, the incisions always distinctly: visible: .~ 222552. <4. se te So eee ee 2 Fourth abdominal segment and those following very strongly compressed, the IMGISIONS) scarcely visio lesa = === ane (104) Selewcus Holmgren. (Type, Seleucus cuneiformis Holmgren.) 2. Third joint of flagellum strongly excised.-..........--- (105) Zetisima Forster. (Type, Zetisima rufipes Forster. ) Third joint of flagellum not excised. Areolet closed at apex, or, if open, the abdomen much lengthened _.__-- 3 Areolet open at apex, the abdomen rounded or oval; antennze 17-18-jointed. (106) NXestophya Forster. (Type, Nestophya fallax Forster. ) 3. Second abdominal segment in female from the base and beyond not much com- pressed, the postpetiole not entirely smooth and shining -.......__-- 4 Second abdominal segment from the base and all the following segments much compressed from the sides, the petiole entirely smooth, shining, the postpetiole scarcely wider than the petiole; second segment longer than wide at apex; metanotum with the external and median lateral areas Goutlnemt 2% ee ees ae at ee aha ce eo eae (107) Asyncrita Forster. (Type, Atractodes foreolatus Gravenhorst. ) 4. Antenne in female 16-17-jointed, in male 19-23-jointed; pronotum anteriorly TUN COVE red eee See = at Ae ota ee gee (108) Stiépnus Gravenhorst. (Type, Stilpnus gagates Gravenhorst. ) Antenne in female more than 17-jointed; pronotum covered. Abdomen in female either lengthened or somewhat compressed from the sides, the second segment more or less rounded laterally; areolet either closed or open behind Abdomen in female compressed laterally, also not strongly lengthened, the second segment laterally not rounded, much widened toward apex; spiracles of the first and second segments in males and females not really visible from above: .---.-.---------- (109) Polyrhembia Forster. 5. Abdomen in female not compressed laterally, with a distinct ventral fold; mid- dle vein in hind wings obliterated at base in both sexes; petiole and post- petiole in male smooth, shining, and longer than the coxe and trochan- ters; second segment with thyridia; areolet open. (110) Exolytus Holmgren. | (Type, Mesoleptus levigator Grayenhorst. ) Abdomen in female much compressed laterally, without a ventral fold; middle vein in hind wings distinct in both sexes; petiole in male more or less coriaceous or rugulose, not longer than the coxze and trochanters; areolet WarltingOriopens Aso: © eee apa eee: (111) Atractodes Gravenhorst. (Type, Atractodes bicolor Gravenhorst. ) aN kN al lt Nl a lA aie aaa a Al tlt alld een at A Slt Ser eres ami itt cake ed! BONE, 4 ie NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. t | iicicoey ale I ri rGADEUONINI: 1868. Phygadeuontoide, Family 25, Forsrer, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXV, pp. 144 and 181. 1873. Phygadeuonina, Tomson, Opus. Ent., V., pp. 468 and 517. 1894. Phygadeuonini, Tribe III, AsumEap, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 278. 1900. Phygadeuonini, Tribe I], ASumMeEap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 568. This group is undoubtedly the largest and probably the most dif_i- cult to study and classify of all the tribes in this subfamily, and I am by no means satisfied that, as at present constituted, it is a natural group, or that it can always be kept separate from the //emitelini. In fact, 1am inclined to believe, from studies thus far made in the two groups, that some of the forms now placed in the //emiteliné really belong here, and that the closed or open areolet will not always prove a reliable character to separate them, although typical forms are readily separated by it. For the present, however, or until a larger and better collection can be brought together, I prefer to treat these two tribes in the Fors- terian sense. About 51 genera are now recognized in the tribe, separable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Bees mOrinial wn ObabNreviatede sss a2 2 kes eo see se oes eee ones 3 Wings abbreviated. Mainoseiironcl osedanmancinalecellizee ees hae eee 8 2 ye et Sale 2 Wings without a marginal cell. Basal nervure present; metanotum incompletely areolated, the apical trans- verse carina distinct, complete-----.---- (112) Stibeutes Forster. (Type, Stibeutes gravenhorstii Forster.) Basal nervure absent; metanotum not areolated, the apical transverse carina AC OMp LELORPee ees Sates =e ye See ee (118) Pezoporus Forster. (Type, Pezomachus nigrocinctus Gravenhorst. ) 2. Wings with a basal nervure; metathorax completely areolated. (114) Phyrtus Forster. (Type, Hemiteles hemipterus Gravenhorst. ) Wanes without basal neryure-.....-.¢..--.<-2.--<- (115) Chamezelus Forster. 3. First three joints of flagellum not especially lengthened, or at least not the third; in female scarcely more than twice, or at most thrice, as long as thick; in male rarely more than thrice as long as thick at IDEA eet ne ae Weer At ae See AM oe eae So LS YR 8 First three joints of flagellum much lengthened; the first and second at least four times as long as wide at apex, or longer, the third fully three or more times longer than thick ......+.......--.---- 4 4. Sides of the face clothed with a glittering or silvery white pubescence; parap- sidal furrows deep and extending at least to the middle of the VE SON LUM aera a seen eae teres ts eye Sy se 2 Seo 5 Sides of the face not clothed with a glittering white pubescence; parapsidal furrows wanting or indistinct, at the most feebly indicated ANCOR OL yee meee ea een sae = ei a aclS cis clavelc.cicicin a.cie' «= 6 ad 28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. 5. Transverse median nervure in hind wings not broken. (116) Thysiolorus Forster. Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken. Disco-cubital nervure straight or slightly curved, but not angularly broken. Abdomen scarcely longer than the head and thorax united, the second segment at apex thrice as wide, or nearly, as long. (117) Apsilops Forster. Abdomen longer than the head and thorax united, the second segment longer than wide at apex; areolet with the sides convergent above. Metathoracic spiracles large, long elliptical (male) (see p. 29). (126) Plectocryptus Thomson. Metathoracic spiracles small, short oval or subrotund (male) (see TOS ZO) rs ra ae ee te (127) Microcryptus Thomson. Disco-cubital nervure angularly broken. Abdomen elongate, much longer than the head and thorax united, the second segment not twice as wide as long, not much more than half the length of the segment. ~~... - (118) Panargyrops Forster. 6. Metathorax regularly areolated, more or less rugolose, or coriaceous, and fre- quenthy opaque ++... 2.2 2 a ee ee ee ee 7 Metathorax areolated, but quite smooth and shining. First abdominal segment with dorsal carinve; metathorax with jive areas at BPO Ae see ee See tes Bene eee (119) Leptodermas Forster. First abdominal segment without dorsal carinze; metathorax with thrce areas ait BESET Se Fee meee so eer en te oe (120) Oxytenia Forster. Radius originating before the middle of the stigma; disco-cubital cell at base as wide as the second discoidal cell at apex. -(121) Isotima Forster. Radius originating from the middle of the stigma; disco-cubital cell at base nearly twice as wide as the second discoidal cell at apex. Transverse median neryure in hind wings obtusely angularly broken a little above the middle; petiole long, almost straight, not elbowed or much widened at apex.......-... (122) Acroricnus Ratzeburg. Transverse median neryure in hind wings straight and broken by the sub- discoidal nervure far below themiddle; petiole bentand widened GTO au MGT Te pees Oe eee ey eee eee (123) Stiboscopus Forster. 8. Dorsal carinze of first abdominal segment extend from the base to the spiracles, but motibeyondes. 2222222 psa a asec ee eo 9 Dorsal carinze of first abdominal segment extend from the base to beyond the spiracles, but rarely to the tip of the segment; if not, then antennze in female compressed or flattened between the middle and thesapexd see Se (See See ei eS ae 10 =I <2 Hind tibize deeply incised at apex, the tarsi attached below the tip. Metanotum areolated, the areola wider than long; hind tibize spinulose. (124) Glyphicnemis Forster. (Type, Phygadeuon vagabundus Gravenhorst. ) Hind tibize normal, not deeply incised at apex; the tarsi attached normally. Metanotum with the lateral basal and median areas not confluent. Spiracles!smal lero una ee eee (125) Bathymetis Forster. Spiracles long oval or ovate (males). Last joint of tarsi as long as the third; scutellum spotted with yellows (see po 2i)i.ises. ahs eee (113) Pezoporus Forster. Last joint of tarsi shorter than the third; scutellum black (see Dizi) eosaseee ees 5. Hote ee (112) Stibeutes Forster. NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 29 Metanotum with the lateral basal and the median areas confluent. Spiracles rather large, elliptic-oval -....-- (126) Plectocryptus Thomson. Spiracles rather small, short oval or subrotund. (127) Microcryptus Thomson. (Type, Cryptus erythrinus Grayenhorst. ) 10. Clypeus in male and female anteriorly distinctly bidentate, or with two, more OrALES SCS GIN Ciaplnl) PLES meee ames teen See emiss ose se 11 Clypeus with the anterior margin simple or with a single tooth.._....----- 13 yt ( g ; MimeLiwer pare. meverdisnmenly hairy s.25- 2. .-22--52s-5 6 ec2s2-25 5.222545 eee. 2 Eyes distinctly hairy. Antenne tricolored, ringed with white; first and second flagellar joints of aMvequalelenet haces «sarees ees Sree (128) Iselia Forster. Antenne neither tricolored nor ringed with white; first flagellar joint shontembhamtme:second.-2-22--—-+-.2-- (129) Homelys Forster. 12. Metanotum at base not completely areolated......---- (130) Polytribax Forster. Metanotum at base completely areolated. Jarina at apex of the middle lateral area sharply elevated; second segment much narrowed toward the base, scarcely half as wide as at apex, and finely striately rugulose its entire length. (181) Ernoctona Forster. Carina at apex of the middle lateral area not sharply elevated; second seg- ment not much narrowed toward base, more than half as wide as at apex, and not striate its entire length. (182) Plesiognathus Forster. (Type, Phygadeuon cephalotes Gravenhorst. ) 13. Clypeus with one tooth on its anterior margin. --- - (183) Micromonodon Forster. Clypeus with the anterior margin simple or without a tooth. Transverse median nervure in hind wings not broken, or broken below the Ta CLC G pene) a ere ch oR aterm eie Tat Seen eee toate 14 Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken aé or above the middle. Transverse median neryure in front wings originating before the basal neryure; base of third discoidal cell much wider than the base of the second discoidal cell.....-.--- (134) FHeterotypus Forster. Transverse median nervure in front wings nof originating before the basal nervure; base of third discoidal celi not wider than the base of the second discoidal cell.__-.--- (135) Dapanus Forster. = Sorbas Forster = Trichocryptus Forster. (Type, Ichneumon cinctorius Fabricius. ) 14. Transverse median nervure in hind wing broken below the middle. --..-.-- 15 Transverse median nervure in hind wings wot broken. Abdominal segments 2 and 3 very large..----------- (186) Hedylus Forster. 15. Pronotum not lengthened; ovipositor prominently projecting. ......-------- 16 Pronotum lengthened; ovipositor only slightly visible beyond the tip of the DOGO Me Tepe tegen cern ce aN tee ee (187) Dirophanes Forster. 16. Petiolar area very short, the areola narrow, rectangular, extending to apex; head very small; antennze slender, filiform. (188) Tricholinum Forster. Petiolar area not very short, the areola not long, rectangular, most frequently transverse and hexagonal, rarely pentagonal, if elongate, nar- rowed toward base, rarely wholly wanting. Kyes hairy. Second abdominal segment shorter than the third......--.------- 17 30 20. 21. sy) PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Second abdominal segment a little longer than the third, smooth and polished, the post petrole striate. ------ (139) Zaphleges Forster. (Type, Phygadeuon leucostigimus Gravenhorst. ) Foyea at base of scutellum divided by a sharp carina, metanotum completely areolated, the areola transverse, trapezoidal. (140) Endasys Forster. Fovea at base of scutellum wot divided by a sharp carina; metanotum completely areolated, the areola longer than wide, hexagonal. (141) Baryntica Forster. Middle joints of flagellum above in female not flattened, in male clothed usually with. short, :shagey- hairs. - 22. 22ee Bees Soe te Oe eee 19 Middle joints of flagellum above much flattened. Metanotum exareolated or very incompletely areolated; spiracles large, linear orellipticalive. s+ 22.5 +e eee (142) Giraudia Forster. (Type, Cryptus congruen Gravenhorst. ) Metanotum with a long middle area, the areola and basal area very united; spiracles not large, oval; subdiscoidal nervure in hind wings originating very close to the origin of the transverse median Eo ee area ae Nereida (143) Schenkia Forster. (Type, Cryptus graminicola Gravenhorst. ) Metathorax with four distinct prominent teeth; disco-cubital neryure broken by a stump of avein near the middle - (144) Rhembobius Forster. (Type, Phygadeuon quadrispinosus Gravenhorst. ) Metathorax at most with two prominent teeth, often unarmed. Hind stibice:mormaill sot 26s fae One ed oe Sa rel 20 Hind tibize toward apex broadened and broadly flatly truncate. (145) Colocnema Forster. Metanotum at base usually more or less incompletely areolated, the areola and basal areas confluent, or the former is not separated from the middle lateral areas by a sharp carina: _< 2222-22202 22-528 21 Metanotum) atibaseicomipletelyaneolated eae 5 = ee ee 24 Lower tooth of mandibles much longer than the upper tooth. Head quadrate; transverse median neryure interstitial with the basal nery- UPO% cs Sodas a ee ea Ree (146) Ecporthetor Forster. (Type, Phygadeuon fortipes Gravenhorst. ) Lower tooth of mandibles shorter or no longer than the upper tooth. Metathoracic spiracles round, or very short oval, scarcely longer than Wide (So eae 52 Ps ae ee ean a ay ge Se 22 Metathoracic spiracles fully twice as long as wide, or nearly. Areola seen from aboye pyramidal; metathoracic spiracles not quite iwiceas lonclasnmidesss-— eee] =e (147) Neleophron Forster. Areola seen from above not pyramidal; metathoracic spiracles twice or more than twice longer than wide..-.(148) Epiphobus Forster. Head cubiform. ; Femora somewhat short and swollen; antennze short, stout; metanotum without or with areas confluent -----.- (149) Ecpaglus Forster. (Type, Phygadeuon brevicornis Gravenhorst. ) Head not cubiform. Disco-cubital nervure with a short process. ----- (150) Odontoneura Forster. Disco-cubital nervure without a process. Second recurrent neryure received by the areolet at or behind the mid- dle 2.22 32354232 ee eee 23 Second recurrent nervure received by the areolet before the middle. Metanotum coarsely rugose, the areola very high and narrow; first abdominal segment wholly striate...(151) Ulothymus Forster. i : No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. ak Metanotum not coarsely rugose, the first and second lateral areas confluent; first abdominal segment not striate. (152) Ophidnus Forster. 23. Lower tooth of mandibles very small and much shorter than the upper tooth. (153) Homotherus Forster. Lower tooth of mandibles equal, or nearly, with the upper tooth. Posterior tibize and tarsi normal, not spinulose. First three segments of abdomen finely coriaceous, the second a little longer than the third....---.------ (154) Pammachus Forster. = Stenocryptus Thomson. First three segments of abdomen smooth, the second and third of an equalglengtihgee sees sense ase (155) Phygadeuon Gravenhorst. Posterior tibize and tarsi spinulose. iMetathoraxabidentates=s2-- 224-2 4- 552 (156) Trachyphyrus Haliday. 24. Spiracles of the second and third abdominal segments placed close to the lateral TUNG OU een es eo aoe ta ee me eam ae che Ste Bet torte he 25 Spiracles of the second and third abdominal segments placed away from the PAGer el enna DOAN ot cere Mee ee Oe Grats ens ames ts. Aaa a rR the 26 PyeScute lumEVery Wat, oo coe se ee eos se chen eto ae (157) Terpiphora Forster. Seutelilmmrconvexa- pean ee ak eeee. & see's tyne (158) Scinascopus Forster. 26. Third abdominal segment not longer than the second._..........-.-.------ ai Third abdominal segment longer than the second... (159) Medophron Forster. 27. Metanotum with the areola most frequently hexagonal, never pentagonal, the basaltaneaimeverstmanculare. = 42-022 sl2- a... 2222s see 28 Metanotum with the areola regularly pentagonal, quite pointed toward apex, the basal area triangular -...---------- (160) Phyzelus Forster. 28. Anterior margin of clypeus not emarginate; metathoracie spiracles surrounded by Sharp curved) caring: ---.2252222-2-5: (161) Bachia Forster. Anterior margin of clypeus more or less emarginate. Metanotal carina angular; radius originating from the middle of the stigma; first abdominal segment with strong dorsal carine. (162) Nuneches Forster. Metanotal carina curved; radius originating behind the middle of the stigma; first abdominal segment without dorsal carinze; upper tooth of mandibles more than twice as long as the lower. (163) Demopheles Forster. perioer bie = CE Mire TEIN I: 1868. Hemiteloide, Family 24, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, pp. 144 and 173. 1873. Hemitelina, Tribus, THomson, (part) Opus. Ent., V, p. 468. 1884. Opus Ent., X, p. 967. 1894. Hemitelini, Tribe II, ASHMEAD, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 278. 1900. Hemitelini, Tribe II], AsHmeap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 569. Thomson (see above) included with this tribe Férster’s Pezoma- choide, but so far I have been able to separate the two readily by the characters made use of in my table of tribes, the female being distinguished by metathoracic characters and the winged males by the difference in the shape of the basal nervure in the front wings. Forster gave no character to separate the winged males in this group from those in the Pezomachini, and I suspect he may have included 32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. some of them here under different generic names, since I have already recognized three or four generic types of malesamong the Pezomachini. Some 78 genera fall in this tribe, as at present interpreted, although some of these, if I have identified them correctly, will have to be removed to other tribes later, that is, to the Phygadeuonini Pezomachini, and possibly to the Plectiscind. TABLE OF GENERA. First transverse cubitus not entirely wanting, usually very distinct, the areolet pentag- onal in position, but open behind, the transverse neryure entirely wanting or very pale, subobsolete.---...---.------- 3 First transverse cubitus entirely wanting, the discocubital nervure being interstitial with the second abscissa of the radius, the areolet wholly wanting « ~ 2. First joint of flagellum as long or somewhat longer than the second; vertex as high as the upper eye margins. Ocelli lyanevclose towhereyes=s2= 255 sae soe (164) Spinolia Forster. Ocelli not lying close to the eyes, the lateral ocelli as wide, or nearly, from each other as to the eye margin. Antennee 20-jointed or more _.....-..-..------- (165) Allocota Forster. Antenne short, less than 20-jointed._(166) A/lastoneura Kriechbaumer. First joint of flagellum shorter than the second; vertex much higher than the upper eye margins; ocelli far away from the eyes; eyes small; anitennce sl /(-]olnbe ds (167) Syneches Forster. oe vetanofummn ot atrallvarecolatedssssees: haere eee eee (168) Chirotica Forster. Metanotum more or less areolated. Second discoidal cell closed SecondidiscordaltcelllRo werk aith ct exae eases eee eee 4 4. Wings in female much shortened, without a stigma; head quadrate. (169) Catolytus Forster. Wings normal, with a stigma; head transverse. Antenne 15-17-jointed; metathorax with the petiolar area very large. (170) Gnypetomorpha Forster. Antenne at least 19-jointed; metathorax regularly areolated. (171) Nenolytus Forster. b: Metathoracie'spiracles ‘round 62 2st ee a ee ee ee 6 Metat horace: spiracles yell geese eee ee (172) Otacustes Forster. 6. Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken.............------------ 15 Transverse median neryure in hind wings not broken, straight. Antennze more than 17-jointed; second abscissa of the radius not 5 times as lons-as-the first i222 sec bs so Se See ee ies eee a Antenne 17-jointed; marginal cell very long and pointed, the second abscissa of radius about 5 times as long as the first. (1738) Cenomeris Forster. 7:-Discoidal: cell:closedat apexes .2a22 soce eee ee ee eee 8 Discoidal cell open at apex. Second discoidal cell closed.-.-.._.-.-.--.--------- (174) Acrolyta Forster. 8 blindstemoranverys tiicke 55 ys. se aes eee (175) Gunopaches Forster. Hind femora not very thick, normal. Metanotum with the carina distinct, not obliterated at the middle -...-- 9 Metanotum with the carina obliterated at the middle. Parapsidal furrows uniting at the middle of the mesonotum; areolet irregular; first abscissa of the radius fully half the sa cat ah ee } | 2 an % ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 33 length of the second; first joint of the flagellum longer than the a Be COU Ue eee ey ee eae tye ae (176) Thestis Forster. 3 Parapsidal furrows not uniting at the middle of the mesonotum; h areolet regularly formed: first abscissca of radius not half the * length of the second; first joint of flagellum shorter than the ' RCE Se meen Rr re ered Ph ae Ne AS (177) Pemon Forster. 9. Metathorax with the petiolar area bounded by a prominent ridge above, the middle lateral area also prominent —__—-- (178) Trisacra Forster. Metathorax with the petiolar area not bounded by a prominent ridge above. Metanorummcounpietely vareolated :)2 202. 2. 22k ese tek I4 Metanotum completely areolated. Face not clothed with long glittering white hairs; mesonotum with the parapsidal furrows incomplete or wanting......------- 10 Face clothed with long glittering white hairs; mesonotum with the parapsidal furrows complete. Face very much narrowed -.------ (179) Ischnurgops Forster. ACEH TOA ee errs ee ne eel eee (180) Steganops Forster. 10. Middle lateral areas very strongly toothed_........---- (181) Ischyracis Foster. Middle lateral areas not strongly toothed. Clypeus distinctly separated; anal valves in male small; mandibles not emarcinateatthe middless= os enn) De eae es Se 11 Clypeus not separated, wholly bent downward, the anterior margin squarely truncate; anal valves in male very large, prominent; mandibles very small, emarginate medially. (182) Astomaspis Forster. iMpeletiolar area not confluent with the areola-~....-..2.------------5-+++---- 12 Petiolar area confluent with the areola and extending nearly to the base of the metanotum; antenne 18-jointed, toward apex clavate. (183) Microplex Forster. 12. First joint of flagellum fully as long or longer than the second.......------ 15 First joint of flagellum a little shorter than the second. ...(184) Lysibia Forster. 13. Middle vein in hind wings toward the base obliterated and only visible by a EN eublnne MM Crier rar a eee lene eye e cine om sis (185) Daétora Forster. Middle vein in hind wings distinct, not obliterated at base. Metanotum with 5 areas; spiracles of the first abdominal segment very JORRO UMA Pe ae Oia e es ReneS (186) Aclastus Forster. Metanotum with 3 areas; spiracles of the first abdominal segment not at all OOM E TILE = Sats sere cel om eee ane eee 7 Body, and especially the head, covered with shaggy gray or black hairs. Metathorax coarsely punctured; eyes widely separated; abdomen in female somewhat compressed at apex, the first segment somewhat longer than wide, rugulose, the following smooth; claws simple, the onychia very amall-.'20= 22 2ess-2 2. ae aoe (312) Arenetra Holmgren. 7. Metathorax with a distinct transverse apical carina, or at least distinctlaterally. 11 Metathorax without a transverse apical carina. Claws simple, neither toothed nor pectinate...........---------i------ 9 Claws thickly and usually longly pectinate, never simple.--..---------- 8 8. Antenne long and slender, the last joint twice as long, or nearly, as the preced- ing; abdomen smooth, the first segment without carinee, the spira- cles of the second placed close to the lateral margin. Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken very far below the middle; eyes not quite extending to the base of the mandibles, the malar space being fully as long as the pedicel, the latter being obliquely truncate from beneath; submedian and median cells in front wings ; COU al Rae eer cc eeton ele mee cere (313) Phytodietus Gravenhorst. Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken at or a little above the middle; eyes extending to base of mandibles without a malar space; submedian cell in front wings distinctly shorter than the median. (New Zealand.) .........-.- (314) Huctenopus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Euctenopus zealandicus Ashmead, manuscript. 9. Metapleural carinz: present, strong and long. .< 4. -.. 2. -4 4 eee 10 Metapleural carinze wanting. Abdomen subpetiolate, smooth, shining, and gradually narrowed toward base; antennze long and slender, tapering toward apex, the terminal joint in male shorter than the penultimate; submedian cell not longer than the median s..-2:<-----5- se (3815) Aphanodon Forster. Or Abdomen distinctly sess.le, the first segment aciculate, segments 2-5 quad- — rate, the following wider than long, all finely punctate at base, but smooth and shining at apex; antennz elongate, slender, setiform, but shorter than the body ‘2-222. -22.22--2 (316) Nadia Tosquinet. 10. Abdomen sessile, depressed, finely coriaceous; areolet in front wings pentag- onal, the submedian cell longer than the median, the disco-cubital nervure not broken by a stump of a vein. Male. (317) Trevoria Ashmead,! new genus. (Type, Trevoria yukatatensis Ashmead, manuscript.) 11. Claws simple; mot pectinate: 222 s82 ls es Sus See eee ee ee eee 21 Claws pectinate. Claws shorter, not thickly pectinate, usually briefly pectinate toward base.!2. 22h ecu ue eeetet ale ascd- eee eee en ane ee meee 12 Claws long, strong, and usually but not always thickly pectinate....--- 17 12. Flagellum entirely composed of cylindrical, closely united, almost inseparable JOIMts:tOvipoOsitonilong ee so-so ee eee ee 15 1 Jn honor of Prof. Trevor Kincaid. A OEE BOL MEL DEE { No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. Si Flagellum with the joints composing uke apical half distinctly ne ovi- positor at the most as long as the abdomen. Last half of the flagellum in the female with knob-like joints, appearing quite different from the basal half; the knob-like apical joints are as wide as long, almost rhomboidal, seen from beneath angulate, the last joint narrower and scarcely as long as the preceding. (818) Xenacis Forster. The apical third only of the flagellum with distinctly separable joints; the terminal joints are also not knob-like, but only faintly compressed, above and beneath rounded, the last joint wider and as long as the two preceding joints united; abdomen perceptibly narrowed toward base, subpetiolate._..........---- (319) Cruptopimpla Taschenberg. 3. Frons without horns... ----- RE aes ee eee See ata Cee oases Se Seine 14 Frons with two horns. Areolet longly petiolate; hind wings with the transverse median nervure broken below the middle; mesonotum without trace of furrows; scu- tellum laterally not margined; metapleural carina distinct posteriorly, the spiracles long, linear; abdomen with the first segment laterally toward base with two strong carine, the spiracles placed before the middle and distinctly visible from above --.-(320) Diceratops Forster. 14. Clypeus not impressed; areolet usually petiolate ....................-.---- 15 Clypeus at base posteriorly strongly impressed, the impression so covered with long hairs as to form a tuft; metanotum in female with a weak, transverse apical carina, stronger in male; metapleural carina faint, nearly obliterated; areolet sessile, irregularly pentagonal; spiracles of second abdominal segment placed close to the base; claws SUIT pee ae aes Mek ees Wye le leh ou: (321) Ensimus Forster. 15. Metapleura not separated from the metanotum by a carina, the spiracles large, elongate or linear; areolet longly petiolate; transverse median nerv- ure in hind wings broken below the middle; face more or less swollen; mesonotum without trace of furrows; scutellum laterally margined only at base; first abdominal segment smooth, the spira- cles placed before the middle; claws with abbreviated teeth and loneapmaticss:s2tose 826 ec esos toluene (322) Zyzeuctus Forster. Metapleura separated from the metanotum by a carina, the spiracles round or SHOT te Oyss Eee mee ere MES a ter Hie of erase, SOR AEN ORES EO eee 16 16. Claws distinctly but not closely pectinate--.--.----- (323) Lissonota Gravenhorst. 17. Areolet petiolate, rarely sessile; disco-cubital nervure angulate or angularly broken and usually with a stump of a vein -.-.....----..----- 18 Areolet sessile; disco-cubital nervure bowed or strongly curved, never angulate and without a stump of a vein. Claws shortly pectinate; transverse median neryure in hind wings broken below the middle- - ---- (824) Meniscus Schiddte=Amersibia Forster. 18. Metathorax normal without longitudinal CANN erie see See oe han eet ce 19 Metathorax with 6 longitudinal carine -...-.------ (325) Phidias Vollenhoven. 19. Frons above the antennze normal, not at all impressed and without peculiar fovese; metapleural carinzee wanting or only faintly indicated at LOU me eet Sens aE EUIM gos SoS eon 20 Frons above the antennze impressed or concave, with the margins swollen on each side; metapleural carinz distinct; transverse median nervure in the hind wings angularly broken below the middle; claws stout, pectinate, but not thickly; first abdominal segment with two carinz at the basal third... (326) Bathycetes Forster=Bathynophrys Forster. 20. Areolet sessile; metathorax with the apical transverse carina present, distinct. (Hemialel ie. eee Ne oe eek ee (327) Alloplasta Forster. 52 23. 24. 25. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. Areolet petiolate. Areolet small, oblique, open behind; metathoracic spiracles small, oval; claws strongly pectinate--......------ (328) Ctenopimpla Cameron. - Ageolet petiolate-or subpetiolate o (357) Hemipimpla Saussure. Metathorax areolated, the spiracles small, oval or elliptic; ovipositor shorter than the abdomen; claws simple withowt a tooth at base; areolet in front wings wanting (Africa). } (358) Neopimpla Ashmead, new genus (Type, Neopimpla abbottii Ashmead, manuscript. ) 18. Wingawiih an areolst ic. 2. Sos oe Se Se ee oe eee 19 Wines without amiareoletsice SSeS ae ase eee eee een oc sean 31 19. Claws not pectinate, or only faintly and indistinctly. ........-.--..-.------ 20 Claws strongly pectinate. Metathorax with a transverse apical carina, the spiracles linear; first abdominal segment bicarinate; stigma narrow, the radius originat- ing before its middle, the areolet large, tetragonal, briefly petiolate; clypeus conyex; mesonotum with furrows anteriorly. (359) Odinophora Forster. 20. Abdominal segments with transverse impressions, especially laterally near apex onsegmients: 2-4 ei ines OER hee ee Ce eo eee 21 Abdominal segments with strong oblique impressions or grooved lines. Areolet large, tetragonal; abdominal segments 2-3 only with oblique impressions; transverse median neryure in hind wings broken at tila ara Cl Gh ee tr Pe ee te ee (360) Dyspetes Forster, Arrolet small, petiolate, not rhomboidal; abdominal segments 2-4, with oblique impressions. Forehead with two horns; seutellum black; abdomen banded with Wihtte.c seas foe ones ee eRe (361) Hoplitophrys Forster. (Type, Glypta brischkei Holmgren. ) Forehead with one horn; scutellum and the extreme apical margins of the segments yellow; transverse median neryure in hind wings broken above the middle -.--.....-..------ (3862) Teleutea Forster. (Type, Glypta striata Gravenhorst. ) 21: Metathorax not areolated: Yosh Se aan eae ae ee ee eee enee eer ne aes 22 Metathorax areolated, or at least with a complete areola and a petiolar area. Scutellumimormalse2e 22. oe ee (363) Delomerista Forster. (Type, Pimpla mandibularis Grayenhorst. ) Seutellum conically elevated and margined at sides; transverse median neryure in hind wings broken far above the middle. (364) Xanthopimpla Saussure. (Type, Xanthopimpla nova Saussure. ) Clypeus not separated from the face at base. Clypeus anteriorly semicircularly emarginate; abdominal segments 2-5, with deep, transverse furrows at base and apex, which are united with an impression along the sides; metathorax smooth, exareolated, without a trace of carinse; claws strong, with a large tooth or lobe at base; transverse median neryure in hind wings broken very far Mee hots ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. Da below the middle; areolet in front wings oblique, rhomboidal. (Lower Siam) ......-... (865) Erythropimpla Ashmead, new genus (Type, Erythropimpla abbottii Ashmead, manuscript.) 23. Clypeus impressed anteriorly at apex ....-.-...-- ate A ee oss clone Dy Clypeus not impressed anteriorly at apex. First abdominal segment with a hump-like elevation toward the apex.. 24 First abdominal segment normal, without a hump-like elevation. Head subrostriform, with a broad malar space; eyes slightly convergent anteriorly and subemarginate within; areolet petiolate, the sub- median cell longer than the median; transverse median neryure in hind wings not broken, the subdiscoidal neryure interstitial. (366) Hchthromorpha Holmgren. (Type, Echthropimpla maculipennis Holmgren. ) Head normal, not subrostriform; eyes entire, not convergent anteriorly; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken, the subdiscoidal neryure not being interstitial .........-.-- (3867) Tromatobia Forster. (Type, Pimpla variabilis Holmgren. ) 24. Head normal; abdominal segments 2-4, with a transverse impression laterally near apex and with oblique lateral impressions at base; submedian cell longer than the median, the disco-cubital nervure not broken, the areolet rather large, sessile; metathoracic spiracles oval. (Gilaiwals) aes sees (368) Glyptogastra Ashmead, new genus. ) (Type, Glyptogastra hawaiiensis Ashmead, manuscript. ) 25. Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken, the subdiscoidal nervure OUP RS bial eames eee eee Se ee uer eee BONE & boas ase 26 Transverse median nervure in hind wings straight, not broken. Metathoracic spiracles small, round; hind femora normal; second absciss¢ of the radius straight, the median and submedian cells equal in lenpibyemer er oms iS oo ets sete oe ISS: (869) Tromera Forster. (Type, Pimpla pomorum Ratzeburg. ) MECMNEAC GHPILACLeSMrOUNG =. 2 i528 2 2 Soe esto lok eessle fees ee. 29 Metathoracie spiracles linear, oval or reniform. Clawsunitemalenzthya, tooth beneath -....-..--..---.-------------:-- 28 Saweindemale simple, without a tooth ........-.00.5-----4--2224-4--- 27 27. Metanotum with two elongate more or less distinct areas; head subrostrate; antenne with the joints toward apex nodosely incrassated. (Male. ) (366) Echthromorpha Holmgren= Polyamma Kriechbaumer. Metanotam without areas and without a transverse apical carina; head and antenne normal; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken abovesmemmddless. 52 22c2s0c-e5e+52-5- (370) Pimpla Fabricius. Metanotum exareolated, but with a distinct transverse apical carina; head and antennz normal; areolet trapezoidal, subpetiolate; transverse median nervure in hind wings obtusely angularly broken above tocemnnid dle meres =e nee ety fil (371) Notopimpla Kriechbaumer. (Type, Pimpla terminalis Brullé. ) 28. Eyes in both sexes deeply emarginate within; lateral ridges of the mesonotum extending on to the scutellum; ovipositor directed upward at tip. (372) Apechthis Forster. (Type, Pimpla rubata Grayenhorst. ) Eyes not, or scarcely, emarginate within; lateral ridges of the mesonotum nol extending on to the scutellum; ovipositor at tip straight. (373) Everistes Forster. (Type, Pimpla roborator Grayenhorst. ) J 58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. 29 Claws nvihoutatoothibeneath 222 Jee ese) oe eee eee eee 30, 30. 31. 33. 34. 30. . Front femora not especially thickened, not excised........---..----------- 33m Claws with a tooth beneath at base. Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken far above the middle and almostiat:a right angle 24) 22 See (374) Iseropus Forster. (Type, Pimpla holmgreni Schmideknecht. ) Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken at or below the middle, seldom a little above, but usually at a very obtuse angle. & (375) Epiurus Forster. (Type, Pimpla brevicornis Gravenhorst. ) | The sharp lateral ridges of the mesonotum extend on to the sc utellum; trans- verse median nervure in hind wings broken before the middle, but | always at amight angle. 3.2.2 2222 52. 222 (376) Itoplectis Forster. (Type, Pimpla maculata Gravenhorst.) The sharp lateral ridges of the mesonotum do not extend on to the scutellum; transverse median neryure in hind wings broken at an obtuse anglall atiomberore the umiddlesmissssss=s se ao (377) Eremochila Forster. (Type, Pimpla ruficollis Gravenhorst.) — Transverse cubital nervure variable, rarely much longer than the basal abscissa on theicubitus» scutellumyroundedme ss 455 eee. eee 32 Transyerse cubital nervure much longer than the basal abscissa of the cubitus, — i.e., the part lying between the disco-cubital nervure, or first recur- rent, and the second recurrent; scutellum tetragonal, truncate pos- teriorly, marked with yellow; segments 2-4, with two oblique lines and with a transverse line before the apex; ovipositor shorter than thesabdomens 23: Sea eee (378) Lycorina Holmgren. | (Type, Lucorina triangulifer Holmgren.) — Front femora gradually swollen before the middle to the tip and excised, their | tibize bent at the base, the last joint of tarsi stout with strong claws; — abdomen narrow, smooth, the first segment longer than wide, bicarinate; ovipositor scarcely as long as the first segment. (379) Colpomeria Holmgren. (Type, Colpomeria levigator Holmgren. ) Abdominal segments 2-4, without oblique impressions; claws simple or rarely — pectinate. cues 38. 2b Se RL Se eee 36 Abdominal segments 2-4, with oblique impressions or grooved lines; claws pecti- nate, rarely simple. oe oe RLS Dee ee ee asniteh pebenbinthien hide hi Petes Ph oe SN a Claws'not strongly and thickly pectimate: :..<22¢ 42.5 222--222 oie sees 34 Claws strongly and thickly pectinate.........---- (380) Ctenochira Forster. (Type, Ctenochira bisinuator Forster. ) Frons with one or two tubercles or horns: J2. 2. J...22S2s2 = eee 35 Frons normal, without a tubercle or horn. Metathorax more or less incompletely areolated; first joint of the flagellum much longer than the second; claws simple, or at most with the hind claws thinly pectinate toward base. (381) Glypta Gravenhorst. (Type, Glypta teres Gravenhorst. ) Frons with one tubercle or horn; metathorax more or less areolated with two median carine and two large lateral areas at base; first joint of © flagellum elongate; claws pectinate toward base. (882) Conoblasta Forster. Frons with two tubercles or horns; metathorax exareolate, with only the apical transverse carina present; first joint of flagellum much elongate, nearly as long as joints 2-3 united; claws long, pectinate within. (383) Diplastomorpha Forster. 4 | | é No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES-—ASHMEAD. 59 Soe Metathorax not completely areolated ................-.................... 37 Metathorax completely areolated. Clypeus quite depressed; vertex very narrow; eyes strongly convergent anteriorly; areolet defined but open behind; abdomen with trans- verse impressions only on the first four segments; ventral valve somewhat prominent, but still far from tip of the abdomen. : (384) Panteles Forster. Clypeus subconvex; vertex broad; eyes not convergent anteriorly; areolet wholly wanting, the submedian cell longer than the median, the transverse median neryure in hind wings broken far below the middle; abdomen without transverse impressions, closely punctate, QPAGUC HA senses (385) Polysphinctomorpha Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Polysphinctomorpha luggeri Ashmead, manuscript). 37. Abdomen as in Pimpla, the terminal tergites not prolonged ventrally and not inclosing or hiding the terminal urites _...................---. 38 Abdomen with the terminal tergites prolonged beneath and hiding the terminal urites, or forming a cylinder from which projects the hypopygium that extends far beyond the tip of the abdomen; face not narrowed toward the mouth; eyes not, or only faintly, emarginate within; legs moderately stout, the claws long, pectinate; ovipositor scarcely half the length of the abdomen; body always marked with red. (386) Clistopyga Gravenhorst. 38. Transverse cubital nervure present, the first abscissa of the cubitus forming WioranGuSliMehamelesr’ 22 2 8 ie 2 cule bo se me ah ote nods 39 Transverse cubital nervure wanting, the first branch of the cubitus being inter- stitial with the first abscissa of the radius. Transverse median neryure in hind wings broken; abdomen with the im- pressions on the segments very feeble or faint. (387) Acrodactyla Haliday = Oxyrrhexis Forster. Transverse median nervure in hind wings straight, not broken; abdomen with the impressions on the segments distinct. (388) Zatypota Forster. 39. Clypeus normal, not projecting into a snout-like ledge anteriorly.........-- 40 Clypeus abnormal, as viewed from the side, projecting forward into a snout- like ledge. Abdomen subpetiolate, closely opaquely punctate, the segments without distinct, transverse impressions; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken far below the middle. (389) Zarhynchus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Tryphon ? nasutus Cresson. ) 40. Face medially tuberculate; mesonotum trilobed; metanotum very short, with an apical transverse carina, slightly interrupted medially, the pos- teriorly face very finely, transversely striate; metanotum and the first four abdominal segments clothed with a dense sericeous UbeScen Cement reas <5 ese (390) Sisyrostolus Kriechbaumer. Face normal; mesonotum not trilobed. Metanotum with a central longitudinal furrow; abdomen with the trans- verse impressions on the segments well defined, the first segment much longer than wide at apex; last joint of tarsi thickened imme- diately from the base, not longer than the third; basal joint of hind tarsi not longer than the two following joints; onychium large, unusually developed............-- (3891) Polysphincta Grayenhorst. Metanotum without an areola, at apex trilobed or clavate; abdomen with the transverse impressions not sharply defined, the first segment not longer than wide at apex; last joint of tarsi somewhat thickened 60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. at tip only, or in male not at all thickened, longer than the three preceding amen in male longer than the second; onychium not unusually developed .....----------------- (392) Zaglypta Forster, Tribe Vi XORTDINE 1859-60. Norides, Subfamily, Hotmaren, Kongl. Vets.-Akad. Handl., III, p. 6 1868. Noridoidx, Family 18, Férsrer, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXYV, pp. 142 and 168. 1894. Noridini, Tribe IV, Asameap, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., ITI, p. 278. 1900. Noridini, Tribe V, AsHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 575. This tribe is distinguished by the shape of the head, which is quad ‘ate, the temples being broad, and by the peculiar mouth opening formed by the projecting mandibles and the concave or depressed cly- peus, somewhat similar to the mouth opening found in Wesmael’s division Cyclostom? in the family Braconidae. I have included in the tribe the genera Hehthrus and Nyxeophilus which most authorities place in the subfamily Cryptine, and which seem to form a transition between them and the Pimpline. They are placed here on account of the position of the spiracles of the first abdominal segment, which are placed a¢ or a little before the middle, and not beyond the middle, as in all genuine Cryptines. The inflated front tibiz, too, is a character foqucuily found in this group and rare in the Cryptine. The group, as a whole, seems to confine itself to attacking the larve of wood-boring Coleoptera. ‘ Twenty-four genera have been placed here, distinguished as follows: _ TABLE OF GENERA. Areolet in front wings wanting, or small, triangular, or rhomboidal, never large or pentagonal! 228 220. i bees sss Se eee : Areolet in front wings large, pentagonal, or at most subtriangular or subtrapezoidal; anterior tibize in female usually inflated, constricted at base; abdo- men ‘petiolate or subpetiolate: .2-=2--2222.- 2225-22 ee Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken far below the middle; disco cubital nervure in front wings not broken by a stump of a vein.. 4_ Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken at ora little above the middle; disco-cubital nervure broken by a stump of a vein. Transverse median neryure in front wings interstitial with the basal nervure, the median and submedian cells therefore of an equal length. 220.502 .¢le.S (22-2 Se ee ee Transverse median nervure in front wings originating before the basa neryure, the submedian cell therefore shorter than the median; metathorax with two transverse carine, the spiracles long oval dorsal carinze of first abdominal segment distinct to near the apex (393) Nyxeophilus Forster. 3. Metathorax exareolated, at most with only one transverse carina—the apical; | spiracles linear; dorsal carina of first abdominal segment wanting or indicated only at base ..........--- (394) Echthrus Gravenhors 4. Head transverse, the temples narrow -.-/.:222.32 Se ee Head quadrate, the temples broad. : No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 61 Metathorax exareolated, with one transverse carina—the basal; spiracles small, rounded; submedian cell longer than the median, the areolet rather small pentagonal; first abdominal segment short, usually shorter than the second .......-......-- - (395) Holcostizus Forster. Metathorax with a median area which is, however, confluent with the peti- olar area; submedian cell shorter than the median; first abdominal segment not short, distinctly petiolate. (896) Cubocephalus Ratzeburg. 5. Metathorax areolated. Seutellum rather flat; anterior tibize deformed, femora incrassated; areolet Wentaconaleyen see sae ee ee (897) Dyseidopus Kriechbaumer. Scutellum gibbous; anterior tibize subinflated, constricted at base; areolet oblique; subrhomboidal.-.----.-- (398) Microtritus Kriechbaumer. 6. Not all the femora short and much swollen, the hind femora always unarmed_ 7 Allthe femora short and much swollen, the hind femora sometimes armed with a tooth beneath. Metathorax areolated; front wings without an areolet; abdomen petiolate, the ovipositor longer than the abdomen. Hind femora armed with a strong tooth beneath; upper hind angles of metathorax toothed or spined- ---- (399) Odontomerus Gravenhorst. Hind femora unarmed but much swollen; hind angles of metathorax normal, not toothed. ---. (400) Anodontomerus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Aplomerus tibialis Provancher. ) Rema SIT eC sr1ZOr ROTM. sa sec see aeeee ws SEE ake eke tek seek eek 8 Frons with a prominent horn or excrescence. Mesonotum with distinct furrows; metanotum areolated; abdomen petiolate, the ovipositor as long as the abdomen. (401) Ischnoceros Gravenhorst. 8. Front wings without an areolet, the areolet entirely absent. Aibdomengdistmcthysessil ete yaa ce Mesh Oanes Dies SI See eek 12 Abdomen distinctly petiolate. Second recurrent nuryure not angularly broken by a stump of a vein. (402) Clepticus Haliday. (Type, Clepticus pretor Haliday. ) Second recurrent nervure angularly broken by a stump of a vein; stigma scarcely developed; transverse median nervure in hind wings angu- larly broken near the middle; legs long. --- (403) Epixorides Smith. (Type, Epixorides chalybeator Smith. ) Front wings with an areolet, rarely open behind. Mandibles of an equal length; body stouter and not so elongate .-.--.--- 9 Mandibles of an unequal length; body slender and elongate. Head not much swollen, subquadrate; metathorax exareolated; abdo- men slender; the ovipositor at the most as longas the abdomen; legs very slender, the hind pair lengthened ~~... (404) . Calliclisis Forster. 9. Clypeus medially lamellate or toothed; metathorax exareolated, or at most with longitudinal carinze, rarely indistinctly areolated. MEeColeh completely closed. jose 4 eee soe eS sesh eee Se eee 10 Areolet open behind. Clypeus anteriorly medially lamellate or toothed; metathorax indis- | ninety. areolateds cease aaeaees oe See Seas (405) Perosis Forster. a0. Temples posteriorly simple, not tuberculate........------.---.------------ 11 Temples posteriorly tuberculate ....-.-.--- (406) . ee 6 Median nervure in hind wings obliterated toward base. -. (472) Phrudus Forster. 6. Metanotum not regularly areolated, with only a poorly defined petiolar area; ocelli wider from each other than to the eye margin. (473) Eczetesis Forster, wt rear. A | el trp tsa teen a Sees 6 Metathorax more or less areolated, or at least with a basal median area. Metanotum rather long with two parallel longitudinal carinz, the space between narrow, the areola and the basal area usually confluent; basal joint of hind tarsi elongate, the longer spur of the hind tibize short, not nearly half the length of the basal joint. (602) Phthorima Forster. Metanotum shorter, the areola broad, hexagonal; longer spur of hind tibize fully half the length of the basal joint of tarsi. (603) Aniarophron Forster... 6. Second abdominal segment with two short median carine at base, the dorsal carinz of the first segment strongly convergent posteriorly, the ventral cavity of same notched; hind legs elongate; disco- cubital nervure angularly bent near the middle, the transverse median nervure not interstitial, the submedian cell longer than the median......-- hy Net Piy te AOE A AE (604) Enizemum Forster. Second abdominal segment without middle carinze at base, the first without carine, or if present very short and widely separated, the ven- tral cavity of same not notched; transverse median nervure interstitial, or very nearly, with the basal nervure. (605) Homotropus Forster. t NO, 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. mribpe Vir ORTHOCENTRINI. 1856. Tryphonides prosopi HoLMGREN (part), Kongl. Svensk. Acad. Handl., I, p. 98; IL, 1856, pp. 305-352. A 1868. Orthocentroidx, Family 11, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXV, pp. 142 and 159. 1894. Orthocentrini, Tribe VII, AsumeEap, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 277. 1897. Orthocentrini, Tribe, Davis, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., XXIV, p. 219. This tribe and the next, or the Hvochini, at ene time confounded together, are closely allied, both being composed of a number of minute or moderate sized insects, easily distinguished from all the other tribes by cephalic peculiarities and their stout, rather short legs, their femora being much swollen. The head is subglobose, with the face, below the insertion of the antenn, abnormally swollen, or highly or convexly elevated, giving these insects, when viewed from the side, quite a different aspect to all other Tryphonines, and which, in connection with their short legs and swollen femora, renders them easy of recognition. The Orthocentrini are separated from the FHxochinté by the long scape or first joint of the antennz, which is never short, or globose, as in the latter. Forster’s generic separation is as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Ovipositor not projecting beyond the tip of the abdomen .-.-.....--.-- Bee eee 3 Ovipositor projecting beyond the tip of the abdomen......-.......--.....-.---- 2 PEE Enos Wurouran areolet.. 2... 022 ses\ss 52sec. eee (606) Synoplus Forster. Wings with an areolet. First joint of the flagellum shorter than the second. (607) Mnesidacus Forster. First joint of the flagellum as long as the second.(608) Picrostigeus Forster. 3. Metanotum without a complete areola; mesopleura without a ridge or rim on the LOM PULARO Teen ts ee oeed atic aoe els Soe = Seco seat Sec ciew cee 4 Metanotum with an areola; mesopleura with a ridge or rim on the front margin. 6 4. Petiolar area without a median carina, the metanotum not at all areolated... 5 Petiolar area with a median carina .........-...--- (609) Brephoctonus Forster. 5. Cheeks not separated from the face by a furrow; metanotum without trace of CARIN ED eet eae ee eee eae Keene Sa eee Ne eee (610) Hypoleptus Forster. - Cheeks separated from the face by a furrow; metanotum with or without a carina. Metanotum without a trace of a carina; abdomen with the third segment usually the longest, and in female compressed from the second segment, aopinyas lad erOleavykmilers.s=sesece cece ee (611) Neuroteles Ratzeburg. Metanotum with a single carina; abdomen with the third segment not longer than the second, and in female more or less compressed from the second or third segment; in male, flat ..........- (612) Deleter Forster. 6. Wings without an areolet, rarely appearing as if closed by a slender hyaline Ait pear es ou ere ete Sa Oy Set hse tea oS ce vie a's bisjele 8 Wings with an areolet. Face very high; mesothoracic furrows absent -.......-.-.---------.- Soot 80 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII. — Face much broader than high, humped; mesothoracic furrows distinct to the _ middlevok the mesonotume: 22-222 s6—— eee eee (613) Tapinops Forster. 7. Flagellar joints in female usually wider than long, rarely as long as wide; third ; abdominal segment with a transverse impression before the middle. 4 (614) Almetus Forster. Flagellar joints all, or at least many, longer than wide; third abdominal seg- ment without a transverse impression...(615) Orthocentrus Gravenhorst. 8. Mesopleura separated from the mesopectus by an abbreviated furrow; second abdominal segment with distinct /unule; stigma in male large, squarely truncate at apex; sheaths of ovipositor in female broad; the abscissa of the cubitus which lies between the cubital and discoidal cross veins — fully three-fourths the length of the first abscissa of the radius. . (616) Phznosemus Forster. Mesopleura not separated from the mesopectus by a furrow; second abdominal segment without lunule; stigma in male normal; sheaths of ovipositor in female narrow; the abscissa of the cubitus which lies between the cubital and discoidal cross veins scarcely half the length of the first abscissa of the radius. Stigma narrow and long, the radius originating near its base. (617) Stenomacrus Forster. Stigma somewhat broad, the radius originating from the middle. (618) Camarotops Forster. Tribe VII EXOCHINI. 1855. Tryphonides prosopi HotmMGREN, Kongl. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Handl., I, p. 98; II, 1856, pp. 305-352. 1868. Exochoide, Family 12 Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXV, pp. 142 and 161. 1894. Exochini, Tribe VI, ASHMEAD, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 277. 1897. Exochini, Tribe Davis, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., X XIV, p. 206. 1900. Exochini, Tribe VI, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 379. The nearest allies of this tribe are the Orthocentrinié and the Tyle- comnini, from the former it is separated by the short globose scape, from the latter by the swollen face. 4 Mr. Davis’ attempts to retain Cresson’s genus Hxochoides for a — species to which I gave the name /schyrocnemis carolina. | Mr. Cresson’s genus is clearly a synonym of Alcocerus Forster, and — as originally described by him included only three species from Mex- — ico, without an areolet in the front wings. Hxochoides texanus, with an — areolet, was not described until long afterwards, and can not now be considered the type of that genus. It was not one of the original species, and is here made a type of a new genus. Twelve genera have been recognized, separable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Abdomen sessile or subsessile, the spiracles of first segment placed at or before the middie’. 402. <'-6 ceo. so ccna 2 5 Se ee 4 Abdomen petiolate; the spiracles of first segment placed at or behind the middle. Posterior tibize with 2 apical spurs; cheeks wanting or very short..-.-------- 2 1 Trans, Am. Ent. Soc., X XIV, p. 206. mo: 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. $1 Posterior tibize with 1 apical spur; cheeks long; metathorax areolated; trans- verse median nervure in hind wings not broken. (619) Periope Curtis—= Monoplectron Holmgren = Oligoplectron Forster. PTI OS UOT ALN ATCO LC Ua eteeen ne ae ae ene oe serene Seca ne wawldiees scence 3 Wings with an areolet. Transverse median nervure in hind wings; metathorax punctate, areolated ; andwwun laterals carinzes=-22 5-42 -- 22 ~ (620) Ischyrocnemis Holmgren. (Type, Ischyrocnemis goési Holmgren. ) Transverse median nervure in hind wings angularly broken a little aboye the middle; metathorax smooth, exareolated, without lateral carinze. (621) Ischyrocnemopsis Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Exochoides texranus Cresson. ) 3. Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken below the middle; metathorax smooth, exareolated; second flagellar joint in male shorter than the first. (622) Alcocerus Forster = Exochoides Cresson. 4. Metanotum with areas at base; or with longitudinal carine..-..............- 5 Metanotum without areas at base; the lateral carinze present. Wings without an areolet; the transverse median nervure in hind wings F broken below the middle.-...-_....-....- (623) Colpotrochia Holmgren. _ Wings with a pentagonal areolet..........-.---- (624) Strongylopsis Brauns. 5. First joint of flagellum distinctly longer than the second --...........2....- 6 First joint of flagellum not or scarcely longer than the second. 4 Metanotum with six areas ----.-.-.-.-.----- (625) Hyperacmus Holmgren. 6. Second abdominal segment without a middle carina......----...-.---------- 7 Second abdominal segment with a middle carina -...(626) Chorinexus Holmgren. 7. Metanotum with the basal lateral area separated from the area dentipara by a BEEN CAM ehons Ente amc Seer en Se ewckoseececcwcewaceccetit. .< 8 Metanotum with the basal lateral area and the area dentipara confluent. Wings with an areolet; metanotum with the basal and middle lateral areas wholly confluent; transverse median neryure in hind wings broken at Pa Save Laie ee ere to ote ence aps ay (627) Triclistus Forster. Wings without an areolet; metanotum with the basal and middle lateral areas more or less separated by a transverse carina; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken at basal fifth. ..(628) Amesolytus Forster. 8. Vertex not separated from the occiput by a sharp carina.................-.- 9 Vertex separated from the ecciput by a sharp carina. Front wings with an areolet; metanotum with five areas. (629) Metacelus Forster. 9. Metanotum with three middle areas....(630) Polyclistus Forster = Mima Davis. Metanotum with six areas and two middle areas. ..(631) Exochus Gravenhorst. a tribe VAIl~ TY CECOMNINIT.: 1868. Trachydermatoide, Family 13, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXV, pp. 142 and 161. 1894. Trachydermatini, Tribe VI, AsHmeEap, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., ITI, p. 277. 1897. Metopiini, Tribe (part), Davis, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., XXIV, p. 197. This tribe was first separated by Forster under the name Zrachy- dermatoidw; while Davis has included it with the Metopiini. Davis has made several serious blunders in his translations from Forster, and in some cases his tables are totally wrong. His Zrachy- Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii 6 82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. dermatini* has nothing to do with this tribe, but refers to Férster’s family Zrachynotoida, treated in this paper as a tribe under the name Nototrychini, in the subfamily Ophionine. The tribe Zy/ecomnin? is intermediate between the Hxochini and Sphinctini, but is easily distinguished by the characters made use of in my table of tribes. Only five genera are known, four being peculiar to North America and one to Europe, separable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Byes normal, not emarginate....22.2224.2 5.522, Gee cance Sani ae en eae 2 Eyes emarginate. Abdominal segments 1-3 with parallel dorsal carinee; scutellum margined at SId@S -6 won cose RE ebb seed ce ete eoeeereee (632) Pseudometopius Davis. . Face transverse, the clypeus more or less separated -.-..--...-------------- 3 Face elongate, the clypeus not separated. (633) Tylecomnus Holmgren = Trachyderma Gravenhorst. 3: Claws pectinate: .2.0. sx. ccs.ccccicc sce cease Cee ee ee ee eee ee 1 Claws not pectinate. Scutellum depressed; abdominal segments constricted at base; head with a spine between the antennze........--.--------- (634) Thibetoides Davis. Scutellum elevated; abdominal segments and the head normal. (635) Lethades Davis. 4. Scutellum elevated; abdominal segments 2-4 constricted at base; clypeus large, PLOMIVON LS 3S oe oho ee ee eee ee eh ee (636) Catocentrus Walsh. bo Tribe 1X] SPHINGCTINE 1868. Sphinctoide, Family 19, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, pp. 143 and 170. 1894. Sphinctini, Tribe IX, AsHmeranp, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 277. This tribe is represented by a single genus Sphinctus Gravenhorst. It comes nearest to the tribe Zylecomnini, so far as the characters of the legs and the venation of the front wings are concerned, but it is readily distinguished by the distinctly petiolated abdomen, the abdomen being long and narrowed into a distinct petiole anteriorly, the spiracles of same being prominent and placed behind the middle. These characters, with the following, render the genus easy of recognition: Submedian cell in front wings longer than the median, the areolet triangular, sub- sessile; transverse median nervure in the hind wings broken at or very near the middle; abdomen petiolate, rather strongly punctate. (637) Sphinctus Grayenhorst. 1 Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIV, 1897, p. 195. NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 83 iribe: <<. -METOPIINI. a | bo 1856. Tryphonides aspidopi HotmGrREeN, Kongl. Svensk. Akad. Handl., I, pp. + O74. 1868. Metopioide, Family 10, Forster, Verh. d.naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXV, pp- 142 and 159. 1894. Metopiini, Tribe X, ASHMEAD, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 277. 1897. Metopiini, Tribe, Davis (part) Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., X XIV, p. 197. 1900. Metopiini, Tribe X, AsHmeanp, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 579. This is a peculiar and interesting group, quite distinct from all the other tribes in several particulars. It was first separated from other Tryphonids by Holmgren, who gave toit the name Zryphonides aspidopi. ‘The tibial spurs are 1, 1, 1; the abdomen is elongate, the sides parallel or nearly, the segments coarsely punctate, the areolet large, lozengoidal, or diamond-shaped, the scutellum quadrangular, margined laterally, while the face is flat, scutiform, with sometimes a carina on its disk. These characters render the group easily recognized. Only two genera are known, one, Cu/traréus Davis, being peculiar to North America; the other, J/efopius Panzer, having a world-wide distribution. TABLE OF GENERA. Face flat, scutiform. Head small, much narrower than the thorax; antenne subclavate; abdomen fusiform, tapering off at apex; second joint of palpi normal; transverse median nervure in hind wings angularly broken above the middle. (688) Cultrarius Davis Head not small, as wide, or nearly, as the thorax; antennze filiform; abdomen elongate, the sides parallel or nearly; second joint of palpi abnormally Fei GN aerate re eet eyes mee ae he VOR eM 8 Oa en ths Si Mel Soy (639) Metopius Panzer Subfamily V. OPHIONIN &%. 1858. Ophionida HoLMGREN, Ofvers. Vets.-Akad. Férhl., XV, pp. 331-330. 1887. Ophionidx, Familia, Thomson, Opus. Ent., XI, p. 1047. 1887. Ophionine, Subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 43. 1900. Ophioninx, Subfamily V, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 580. Most authorities on these insects have recognized this major group as distinct from other /chneuwmonidw, and as early as 1846, August ~ Brullé called it: Deuxiéme type des Ichneumonides—Les Ophion. Brullé, however, never properly defined it and had evidently very hazy ideas respecting it, since he incorrectly included in it the genus — Osprynchotus Spinola, a genuine Cryptine, and two or three other _ genera belonging elsewhere. Only typical forms appear to be readily placed, and the closest atten- tion must be given to abdominal, metathoracic and certain venational differences before others can be placed with any degree of certainty; and even then, if one is not familiar with a large number of the 84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. genera in the different tribes, he is apt to go astray. Most females, however, except certain forms at present placed in the tribe P/ectis- cin, seem to be easily placed, while many males belonging to several of the tribes are easily confused with those in different groups. The true position of the tribe P/ectiscinz, which as at present con- stituted is evidently an unnatural group, is still doubtful. It has affinities allying it with the Zryphonine, Cryptine, and other of the subfamilies. The subfamily may be divided into twelve groups or tribes, as follows: TABLE OF TRIBES. Second recurrent neryure joining the cubitus behind the transverse cubitus or inter- stitial with it; middle tibize always with two apical spurs .....--- 3 Second recurrent neryure joining the cubitus before the transverse cubitus, or it is entirely wanting (Pharsalia Cresson); if it joins the cubitus behind the transverse cubitus then the middle tibize have but a single apical SPU ies ovew ct Sot Seer ee ees eee et ee ae 2 2. Middle tibize with two apical spurs; second recurrent nervure joining the cubitus before the transverse median nervure. Antenne short, clavate; mesosternum beneath flat; mesonotum without parapsidal furrows; metathorax areolated. Tribe I. Hetiwiaiint. Antenne long, subsetaceous; mesosternum beneath not flat, declivous before the middle coxee; mesonotum usually with distinct parapsi- dal furrows; metathorax rarely distinctly areolated, usually without areas or at most with one or more transverse carinze. Tribe II. Opxronint. Middle tibize with only one apical spur; second recurrent neryure joining the cubitus behind the transverse cubitus or entirely wanting. Tribe III. Nororracuint. thorax. not produced into.a neck at apes -.--2.2- 5-23-22 -=eoeee 6 Front wings with the stigma long and narrow, most frequently lanceolate, rarely broad or broadly triangular, although frequently subovate ...-.-- 4 4. Metathorax at apex truncate or rounded, but never produced into a neck which — extends beyond the insertion of the hind coxe -.--...---------- 5 Metathorax at apex produced into a more or less distinct neck which extends — beyond the insertion of the hind coxze; abdomen frequently strongly compressed or compressed toward apex, petiolate, the petiole long, the spiracles placed much behind the middle. Mesonotum most frequently with distinct parapsidal furrows although some- times without, or only delicately impressed, wanting anteriorly; areolet most frequently wanting; abdomen always long, strongly — 5) compressed with the petiole only slightly and gradually thickened 3. Front wings with the stigma large, broadly triangular or broadly ovate; meta- — posteriorly, never abruptly swollen at apex; hind tarsi usually more or less distinctly thickened, especially in males. Tribe IV. ANOMALINI. ¥ Mesonotum without parapsidal furrows; areolet often present, sometimes — wanting; abdomen asa rule shorter and less strongly compressed, more fusiformly compressed; the petiole somewhat abruptly, con- LEP echre y 0 NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 85 vexly swollen at apex, or at least not gradually thickened poste- riorly; hind tarsi normal, very rarely thickened. Tribe V. CAMPOPLEGINI. 5. Spiracles of first abdominal segment placed before the middle; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken above the middle, rarely at or below the middle; abdomen in males not ending in two spines, the clasp- ers often large, broad. Abdomen petiolate, rarely subsessile; areolet in front wings triangular, or oblique rhomboidal, the second abscissa of the radius most fre- quently strongly curved at its origin and forming with the first abscissa an acute angle (very straight and forming an obtuse angle); transverse median neryure in hind wings broken most frequently above the middle, rarely at or below the middle; thorax shining, most frequently impunctate; parapsidal furrows present, but deii- Cate sovalpositomiexserted.sa- 2 sonno oe no = oe Tribe VI. Paniscrn1. Abdomen sessile or subsessile; areolet in front wings, when present, rather large, rhomboidal, the second abscissa of radius straight, rarely slightly curved at its origin, and forming with the first an obtuse angle; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken far above the middle, very near the apex; thorax usually opaque or punctate, rarely smooth and shining; parapsidal furrows wanting or only slightly and vaguely defined anteriorly; ovipositor usually short, or Motaballiexsertedivs 4-21: Joe Frons medially armed with a sharp ridge, which below becomes more or less | cone-shaped; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken below — ie emlen AS Sake is etre ee eae ee eee ee (670) Aphanistes Forster. 10. Scutellum laterally highly and sharply margined; transverse median nervure | in hind wings broken above the middle, without a stump of a nery- URC He re eee SE ree eee ere eee (671) Camposcopus Forster. — Seutellum laterally not highly margined; transverse median nervure in hind | wings broken above the middle, with a stump of a vein which extends forward toward the margin of the wing. (672) Habronyx Forster. Tribe V. GAMPOPEEGINE | 4 , LN en ee ie 1868. Campoplegoidx, Family 8, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., : XXYV, pp. 141 and 150. 1887. Campoplegina, Tribus, THomson, Opus. Ent., XI, p. 1049. 1894. Campoplegini, Tribe VIII, Asumeap, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., UI, p. 277. 1890. Campoplegini, Tribe V, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 581. The insects falling in this tribe, in metathoracic and venational char- acteristics, are most closely allied to the Anomalinz, and many of them are easily confused with those of that tribe, since there is no sharp divisional character known. The differences noted in the mesonotum (usually the absence of par- apsidal furrows), the shorter, less distinctly (rarely strongly) com- | pressed abdomen, the shape of the petiole, and the normally thickened, rarely incrassated, hind tarsi, must therefore be depended upon to separate them. Sixty-five genera have been recognized in the group, most of which Dante ak LS ee 4 Lie See et) occur in our fauna. At present many of these genera are represented by described species wrongly placed in Lémmnerza and allied genera. The following table will enable the student to recognize most of the © genera: TABLE OF GENERA. Metathoracic spiracles linear, elliptic or strongly ovate........------------------ 2 Metathoracic spiracles round or broadly short-oval -....-.----------------------- 5 2. Eront. wines) withianiareolet, == a=cer acer aes ae = ee eee 3 Front wings without an areolet. Eyes more or less emarginate within.......-.----- (673) Charops Holmgren. 3. Abdomen not strongly compressed from the sides of the second segment. .--- 4 Abdomen strongly compressed from the sides of the second segment; areolet — large, sessile, or petiolate.......----- (674) Campoplex Gravenhorst. een 4. bo f 10. HET 12. _ NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEA D. 91 Tibial spars very long, hardly shorter than the first joint of tarsi. (675) Echthronomas Forster. Tibial spars distinctly shorter that the first joint of tarsi. (676) Zachresta Forster. Clypeus distinctly separated or at least separated by deep-grooved lines at the Ridcapees ee Seis ee cece oat cea Uecp esa sree le 6 Clypeus not at all separated. Front wings without an areolet; eyes subemarginate within; claws armed Wath Stout rsilit ristlessees- = 5s seeece oe (677) Bosmina Cameron. Front wings with an areolet; eyes normal, not at all emarginate within. (678) Amorphota Forster. EAT SIAL COIR ES RAE Ge tN Se ae ee a ee ea eee 9 Eyes either faintly or distinctly hairy; face in female narrowed anteriorly... 7 BIR PANG AT COL GE ora. aie We ees tae eee OAR Sie Slsice Ledied obo wos ne 8 Wings without an areolet. Metathorax completely areolated, the areola hexagonal; first abdominal segment striate, smooth only at base; eyes very large, extending to base of mandibles; sheaths of ovipositor thickened medially. (679) Thymaris Forster. Eyes indistinctly hairy; metathorax areolated, the areola and the petiolar area distinctly separated; face narrowed in both sexes; petiole not smooth; ovipositor very short, not extending beyond tip of abdomen. (680) Symplecis Forster. Eyes distinctly hairy; metathorax not areolated, or if areolated the areola and the petiolar area confluent, ovipositor prominent, projecting beyond tip of abdomen. Metathorax areolated, but with the areola and the petiolar area confluent; transverse median nervure in front wings interstitial with the basal nervure; petiole smooth............... (681) Cymodusa Holmgren. Metathorax not areolated; transverse median nervure in front wings origi- nating before the origin of the basal nervure; petiole not smooth. (682) Olethrodotis Forster. Clypeus anteriorly truncate or slightly rounded, never pointed or lengthened, UPA AMNe GAM LOOt Meta che eccrine Gino aoe eRe cco ece 10 Clypeus anteriorly pointed or lengthened, witha median tooth; areolet distinctly petiolated; transverse median nervure in hind wings not distinctly broken; metathoracic spiracles short oval. (683) Sagarites Holmgren. Abdomen not much compressed, but gradually fusiformly thickened toward DOC Ragpaee acta ee Stee sees Sela dn Se Se S226 Abdomen, especially toward apex, much compressed, not fusiformly thickened. PATEORE tae MONE G Ny ANN ATE GIES ya Byes Saya eee Seis RR 8 hee en SA 15 EMRCOLC SORES Mae: bya A o4 en eee Aaa eS bata ee Seek ee 11 Abdomen strongly compressed, entirely smooth, the sutures of the segments VieLy Mum eretemale -ecmme Ms eee ens aneeee (684) Angitia Holmgren. Abdomen not entirely smooth, the sutures of the segments distinct. Metathorax exareolate or with the areola not completely closed by carine, OpenMOe hina. aees rea eee pene need SR ho es be dt ee Metathorax areolated, or with the areola completely closed by carinee. awe sin ples... aoe ceed ae cee vase (685) Rhythmonotus Forster. (Claw spe chimates a, | ies ae eee aban ele ae (686) Trathala Cameron. Transverse median nervure in hind wings not broken, or broken below the REICH CMe 2 8 ache emertncts ined eet Rosen PE Nt Sine eeade 92 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII. | 13. 14. 15. 16. ee 18. 19. 20. 21. . Metathorax with the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas completely sep- 3. Head transverse, not cubical, the temples not broad...--..---------------- 26 Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken at or above the middle; areolet | petiolate; transverse median nervure in front wings interstitial with the basal nervure; inner spur of hind tibize very long. (687) Casinaria Holmgren. Disco-cubital nervure not angularly broken, without a stump of a vein..--.. 14 Disco-cubital nervure angularly broken, with a stump of a vein. Metanotum broadly longitudinally impressed, the areola and petiolar area confiiientd {esate 2 eee (688) Campotrephus Forster. Joints 4 and 5 of hind tarsi of an equal length; claws pectinate; metathorax long, sloping from base of scutellum and produced much beyond the insertion of hind coxee; abdomen very long. (689) Horogenes Forster. — Joints 4 and 5 of hind tarsi of an unequal length. Metathorax without carinee; longer spur of hind tibize in female nearly as_ long as the basal joint of their tarsi....-.-.-- (690) Alcima Forster. Metathorax short, with delicate carinee; longer spur of hind tibiz about one- third shorter than the basal joint; claws with strong teeth at base. — (691) Hyposoter Forster. ee Metathorax exareolated; abdomen very elongate....-- (692) Podogaster Brullé. . Malar furrow not deep, wanting or very indistinct....--...........-2..---- 17% Malar tirrow deep distnets-sese-ses2 eee eee eee (693) Gnathochorisis Forster. | Front wings wh an areolét- Lis 25 bas S22 eae ele ee a eee 23m Front wings without an areolet. Basal joint of hind tarsi more than one-third the length of tibiz and not— distinctly thicker than the following joints. --.-......-....-.-- 18° Basal joint of hind tarsi not more than one-third the length of tibise and~ distinctly thicker than the following joints. (694) Eripternus Forster. Metathorax with the areola closed anteriorly............-----.------------ 19° Metathorax with the areola open anteriorly..........--- (695) Nepiesta Forster. Head quadratesor cubical. iit 2 50.2 eee ee ce ase ene ee ee eee 207 Head transverse, not cubical. | @lawetoothed. Se S22 Se oie See eee ee (696) Zaporus Forster. ‘ Transverse median nervyure in the hind wings not broken.......---..------ 21) Transverse median neryure in the hind wings broken. Transverse median neryure in hind wings broken below the middle; third . joint of the maxillary palpi not longer than the fourth; disco-cubital_ nervure without a stump of a veln_-.------ (697) Gonotypus Forster. Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken at the middle; third joint of the maxillary palpi longer than the fourth; disco-cubital nervure Witha stump ‘of a veiny ic - 8a aaa Pee (698) Dioratica Forster. Ovipositor not projecting beyond the tip of the abdomen ........---------- 22 | Ovipositor prominent, always projecting beyond the tip of the abdomen. Marginal cell very broad, the angle formed by the two abscissee of the” radius almost a right angle......---.-.- (699) Phedroctonus Forster. Marginal cell not very broad, the angle formed by the two abscissee of. the radius obtuse; claws pectinate......-....--.- (700) Dioctes Forster. arated/2. 222 32 ee ee ee (701) Eriborus Forster. Metathorax with the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas confluent. (702) Nythobia Forster. - Head quadrate, or cubical, the temples broad, as broad or broader than the CVESS. oo 222. k Se cok ek ee ee eee 24 NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 93 24. Ovipositor extending beyond the tip of the abdomen ..................--- 25 ; Ovipositor not extending beyond the tip of the abdomen. Metathorax with the areola and the petiolar area confluent; transverse me- | dian nervure in hind wings not broken --.-. (703) Olesicampa Forster. 25. Transverse median nervure in hind wings straight, not broken; metathorax with the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas separated, the spira- cles rather long, ovate; clypeus anteriorly bluntly toothed; claws pectinate or with several teeth basally. .(704) Rhimphoctona Forster. Transverse median nervure in hind wings broken helow the middle; metathorax with the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas nol or very indis- tinctly separated; clypeus anteriorly slightly rounded or medially slightly angulate; claws without teeth basally. (705) Pyracmon Holmgren. Padus Gistinethy~anoularly ibrokenseoo 5-2 oss8. eta ie Joes ce coes ee es 27 Radius curved, not or scarcely angularly broken. Clawsmuthoutetectheesasse ame. acne see see cee (706) Diadegma Forster. Claws with teeth. Second abdominal segment with the thyridia lying close on its base. (707) Sinophorus Forster. Second abdominal segment with the thyridia lying somewhat away ARO MIULSAO ASC ae, Sens Sate See Ol a Say tk (708) Omoborus Forster. 27. Spiracles of the first abdominal segment not prominent...---...---..------ 28 Spiracles of the first abdominal segment prominent. .--- - (709) Ecphora Forster. 28. Spiracles of the second abdominal segment placed distinctly behind or beyond Hive mig em esees eee ee teak oe eee eens N.S 2 ost ae as 29 Spiracles of the second abdominal segment placed at or before the middle... 31 29. Metathorax nol coarsely rugulose, with carine, the basal lateral and the middle lateral areas sharply separated; ovipositor very prominent, long.. 30 Metathorax coarsely rugulose without carinee, and with only the spiracular area apparent; claws pectinate or at least basally; ovipositor projecting somewhat beyond tip of the abdomen. --... (710) Anepheres Forster. 30. Discoidal cell at base fully as wide or somewhat wider than the length of the transverse median neryure; longer spur of hind tibize longer than the second joint of their tarsi-............-. (711) Idechthis Forster. Discoidal cell at base not so wide as the length of the transverse median nerv- ure; longer spur of hind tibize not so long as the second joint of their > LSet tee et ene es ley bee (712) Lathrostizus Forster. _ 31. Transverse median nervure in hind wings angularly broken ............--- 32 ; Transverse median neryure in hind wings not angularly broken..........-- 38 : 32. Metathorax with the areola closed by a sharp carina and completely separated ‘ PPOMMbEC HWE WO Ar ARCA. areas ie. on feet Se ee eh aes tewkees 37 . Metathorax with the areola and the petiolar area confluent, not separated. Discoida! cell at base not twice as wide as the second discoidal at apex. 33 Discoidal cell at base twice or nearly twice as wide as the second discoidal cell at apex; ovipositor not projecting beyond tip of abdomen. (718) Lathroplex Forster. 33. Second abdominal segment not twice as long as wide ...........-.----...-- 3o4 Second abdominal segment twice as large as wide.--.-- (714) Omorgus Forster. 34. Ovipositor projecting beyond the tip of the abdomen.................----- 39 Ovipositor not projecting beyond the tip of the abdomen. Metathorax with the petiolar area at least twice as long as the areola and strongly excavated, the surrounding carinee very sharply elevated; fifth joint of hind tarsi distinctly shorter than the third. (715) Pantropa Forster. 94 30. 3o7. 39. 40. 41. 42. 45. 44. 45. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. Vou. XXIII, Metathorax with the petiolar area not twice as long as the areola and not strongly excavated, the surrounding carine neither sharp nor much elevated; spurs of hind tibize nearly equal in length, but not quite half the length of the basal joint; fifth tarsal joint as long as the thimdWst seas 3's ery, ie Pee ees (716) Asinamora Forster. Postpetiole pear-shaped; head seen from in front not rounded........------ 36 Postpetiole not pear-shaped; head seen from in front rounded. (717) Nemeritis Holmgren. . Areolet distinctly petiolate; metathorax with the basal area lengthened, rectangular’ Ssc2! Sie sats ee eee eee (718) Synetxris Forster. Areolet sessile or subsessile; metathorax with the basal area very short, scarcely Visi bl et ees fee ae eae a ene > eee tees (719) Spudastica Forster. Stigma narrow from the middle to the base, and from the middle to the apex equally pointed and narrowed; areolet sessile. (720) Dolophron Forster. Stigma wide, obliquely truncate at apex; areolet sessile. (721) Dimophora Forster. . First abdominal segment with a sharp carina extending from each spiracle to apex ofsepment ins: 27200 s ALS e eee ae ee aie ee ie ere ees 39 First abdominal segment without a sharp carina extending from each spiracle to apex ofsegments 202220 Scie rei sant ned Fe So, en ee ee 42 Second abdominal segment of twice as long as wide at the middle.._....-- 40 Second abdominal segment twice as wide as Jong at the middle. (722) Nepiera Forster. Metathorax with the spiracular and middle lateral areas separated by a sharp carina; longer spur of hind tibize a little longer than half the length of the basal jointioistarsis 5-244 = 5 se eee ee 41 Metathorax with the spiracular and middle lateral areas not separated by a sharp carina; longer spur of hind tibiz: about three-fourths the length of the ‘basal! jointof tarsi... 2525-ceese= (723) Hupothereutes Forster. The angle formed by the two abscissee of the radius nearly a right angle; trans- verse median nervure in front wings originating far beyond the ori- gin of the basal nervure; externo-median neryure in hind wings forming a curve with the transverse cubitus; ovipositor not exserted. (724) Phobocampa Forster. The angle formed by the two abscissee of the radius very obtuse; transverse median nervure in front wings interstitial, or almost, with the basal neryure; externo-median nervure in hind wings forming no curve with the transverse cubitus, but an angle; second abdominal seg- ment at apex not wider than long. .-.-.--- (725) Ischnoscopus Forster. Head seen from in front downward strongly lengthened...........-.2..--- 43 Head seen from in front downward not strongly lengthened_.....-.-------- 45 Externo-median neryure in hind wings not broken-... - oy ch satts Ape a ie 44 Externo-median nervure in hind wings straight, but broken at the origin of the transverse median nervure.....----..---- (726) Rhexineura Forster Labial palpi strongly lengthened; last joint of hind tarsi longer than the third; ovipositor very long; spiracles of the second segment placed slightly beyond the middle:.-+ 28. 2.2:32 2-2- (727) Bathyplectes Forster. Labial palpi not strongly lengthened; last joint of hind tarsi not longer than the third; ovipositor not longer than half the length of the abdomen; spiracles of second segment not placed beyond the middle. (728) Canidia Holmgren. Ovipositor prominent or very distinctly projecting beyond the tip of the abdo- MEN 525. sesnndects2uec es. ee 46 Ovipositor not or only slightly projecting beyond the tip of the abdomen, at the most subexserted . /.5< 2. cose ee ee 48 peek ttadate Ts falas SS salt ce naa 5 lle tle a iat Dh cane eee se lh ll BO eT eS ier. a ious geedmatel eee tet Set ped Vane mating p No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 95 46. Abdomen in female only moderately compressed, not wholly smooth, the sutures GUS UNG Lae meee eet eete ts Seite See Sein Soke wee wikis toed 47 Abdomen wholly smooth, the sutures of segments very fine, male (female abdo- men strongly compressed, see p. 91)-.----- (684) Angitia Holmgren. 47. Face in female narrower than the vertex, the eyes converging somewhat ante- riorily toward the mouth; petiole a little longer than the hind CORDS eet oO re ee Ee ee (729) Meloboris Holmgren. Face in female not narrower than the vertex, the eyes not or very slightly con- verging anteriorly; petiole very distinctly longer than the hind Coxe. Shipman Wide sss eae eae enceask se coce ans ss (730) Tranosema Forster. Stigma not wide, narrow. Postpetiole without lateral carinz....-..------ (731) Campoletis Forster. Postpetiole with distinct lateral carinze ----- (732) Limneria Holmgren. 48. Recurrent nervure received by the areolet before the middle; antenn ringed WALEM WAGE epee ence ea eto a serous sais ee (733) Callidora Forster. Recurrent nervure received by the areolet beyond or behind the middle; anten- nee not ringed with white, although sometimes with the flagellum PALS LOwMApC UME DASeyaa. ees ene BAe a Sse he 49 49. Last joint of hind tarsi shorter than the third; longer spur of hind tibize not two- thirds the length of the basal joint of tarsi .........----------- 50 Last joint of hind tarsi as long as the third; longer spur of hind tibize about two- thirds the length of the basal joint of tarsi. (734) Holcocremnus Forster. 50. Metathorax at the most incompletely aerolated, with only the spiracular areas distinguishable by faint carinze.......----- (735) Anilastus Forster. Metathorax distinctly or completely aerolated...-.-- (736) Ameloctonus Forster. Tribe Vi. °PANISCINI. 1900. Paniscini, Tribe VI, AsHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 582. This tribe is here characterized for the first time. It approaches nearest to the tribes Mesochorini and the Banchini. Forster placed most of the genera included in it among his family Ophionoida, a position not tenable, since the second recurrent nervure joins the cubital vein beyond the transverse cubitus and not before it, as in all genuine Ophionini. From the Jesochorini it is separated by the position of the spiracles of the first abdominal segment, the different venation of the front wings, and the totally different genital characters of the males. The characters made use of in my table of tribes ought to readily distinguish these insects, but other characters not mentioned there are the different facies of the head, the larger eyes, which are subemar- ginate or sinuate within, not distinctly entire, and the larger and more prominent ocelli. Six genera have been placed in it, separable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. PIEMAt A219 areOlet i) <2 asso sect e oe satis - Soca ee eicaeeeebcicclowss 2 Front wings without an areolet. Seutellum convex, not margined laterally except at sides anteriorly or Ppsteten speek eR oye rat pe Me aes aca Rr (737) Opheltoideus Ashmead. Type, Ophelloideus johnsoni Ashmead, manuscript. 96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XX1T. 2. Scutellum more or less margined laterally; cheeks and temples not broad.... 3 — Scutellum not margined; cheeks and temples broad; second recurrent nervure — joining the areolet beyond its middle......-- (738) Opheltes Holmgren. 3. Transverse median neryurein hind wings broken above the middle; teeth of — mandibles of an unequal length; clypeus separated .-.....-....--... 4 Transverse median neryure in hind wings broken below the middle; spiracles of — first abdominal segment placed at or a little behind the middle; abdo- men subcompressed; teeth of mandibles equal; clypeus not separated. (739) Cidaphus Forster. 4. Upper tooth of mandibles longer than the lower; metathoracic spiracles elon- gate or linear; scape at apex deeply emarginate; second abscissa of radius curved at base. Submedian cell longer than the median, the transverse median neryure — uniting with the median vein beyond the origin of the basal nervure; disco-cubital neryure broken by a stump of a vein, or at least witha — trace of one, rarely without ...-......-..- (740) Paniscus Gravenhorst. Submedian and median cells equal or very nearly, the transverse median nervure most frequently interstitial with the basal nervure; disco- cubital nervure not broken by a stump of a vein. (741) Parabates Forster=Parabatus Thomson. — Upper tooth of mandibles shorter than the lower; metathoracic spiracles round; scape at apex only slightly emarginate; second abscissa of radius straight, nob curved iat base = aoe tes en Sake eee (742) Absyrtus Holmgren. Tribe VII BANCHINI. 1868. Banchoidx, Family 9, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, pp. 141 and 157. 1894. Banchini, Tribe IX, AsHmEaD, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 277. 1900. Banchini, Tribe VII, AsHmpap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 582. The insects falling in this tribe, so far as the position of the spiracles of the first abdominal segment is concerned, agree with the Paniscini, but may be readily separated by the differences noted in my table of tribes: The sessile abdomen, the venation of the front wings, the straight second abscissa of the radius, which is never strongly curved at its origin, and by the absence of the parapsidal furrows. To this tribe I have ventured to remove the genus Lapton Nees, placed by European authorities with the P/mplinz, since it clearly belongs here and no where else. Rhynchobanchus Kriechbaumer is placed here doubtfully, as a syno- nym of Semnophrys Forster, from the description alone. The thirteen genera belonging to the tribe are separable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Front! wings withian-areolet sac 2 oe oe ee oe eee 4] Front wings without an areolet. Transverse cubitus present 222.225.2232 eee ee eee 3 Transverse cubitustwanting: 2: 5) taecee 2 = ee ee ee 2 2. Abdomen compressed at the sides; disco-cubital nervure angularly broken. (743) Tropistes Gravenhorst. Abdomen not compressed at the sides; disco-cubital nervure not angularly — broken’.i2 Sac. ose Bes ee eee (744) Ithagenes Forster. No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 97 3. Abdomen subcompressed at apex, the ovipositor subexserted; disco-cubital nervure not broken by a stump of a vein. Transverse median nervure not interstitial, the median cell longer than the submedian; mouth parts lengthened..........- (745) Lapton Nees. 4, Disco-cubital nervure not angularly broken, withowt a stump of a vein......-- 6 Disco-cubital nervure angularly broken, with a stump of a vein, or at least a ELACCLO LOM meee aie ae See eae ce wee ee hee 5 5. Metathorax without a distinctly separated petiolar area; mesonotum not trilobed. Head very broad, the forehead with a horn between the antennee. (746) Semnophrys Forster. ? = Rhynchobanchus Kreichbaumer. Head not very broad, the forehead normal, without a horn. (747) Evxetastes Gravenhorst. DEEAMeCOle brcesclle smOUtMe Arts mOnmM Alsee ys sae ne ceca wo seciee sels Ser is eco a Areolet petiolate; mouth parts abnormal, the labium very elongate, forked at U0 Cage enero earare ieis fornia re ates eiiota ws tera Sie tetas ataymratela dire aie arse 11 7. Mesonotum without parapsidal furrows, the metathorax without a distinctly sep- ALALCOMPELIOLATR ARC ates eetter ats cisye Sears cinta yer aes Rea Ss oc 8 Mesonotum with parapsidal furrows, the metathorax with a large, distinctly sep- arated petiolar area; second recurrent neryure joining the areolet at its hind angle; clypeus narrow, transverse; ovipositor prominent. (748) Xenochesis Forster. 8. Areolet quadrangular. Last joint of maxillary palpi normal Last joint of maxillary palpi abnormal, knobbed; scutellum ending in a 5S DLL eens tae NE eee aces RN se ee (749) Corynephanes Wesmael. 9. Abdomen toward apex gradually acuminate, or pointed, with oblique furrows GUIScHIMEN(sys ANGy oes. ewe se ese secu Se eiclet awed 10 Abdomen toward apex more or less compressed and widened ventrally; no oblique furrows on segments 2 and 3. Head normal, the labrum not elongate; claws in female pectinate. Scutellum at apex armed with a thorn. .(750) Cidaphurus Forster. Scutellum simple, unarmed --...---.- (751) Banchus Gravenhorst. 10. Claws in female with one or two teeth near the base .(752) Ceratosoma Cresson. 11. Mesonotum without parapsidal furrows; transverse median nervure in front wings not interstitial, the submedian cell slightly longer than the IMC GUAM Se a tea cory ea (753) Agathobanchus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Banchus xquatus Say.) Mesonotum with parapsidal furrows; transverse median nervure in front wings interstitial with the basal nervure _-.--- (754) Agathilla Westwood, Bribe "Vill: -MESOCHORINI. “1868. Mesochoroide, Family 20, Férsrer, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXYV, pp. 148 and 170. 1892. Mesochorini, Tribe, ASHMEAD, Ent. News, ILI, p. 106. 1894. Mesochorini, Tribe X, ASHMEAD, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 277. 1900. Mesochorini, Tribe VIII, Asumnap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 583. The position of this tribe is somewhat uncertain. It comes evi- dently nearest to the Paniscin/, although it is placed here after the Banchini. The abdomen is distinctly petiolate and the tribe is at once sepa- rated from both of the above-mentioned tribes by the position of the Proc. N: -M. vol. xxiii 7 i 98 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. spiracles of the first abdominal segment, which are situated af or beyond the middle, never before the middle, and by the rather large rhomboidal areolet of the front wings. The abdomen in the males terminates in two long, slender spines, a character found in no other tribe. Only three genera are known, and all have been found in our fauna. TABLE OF GENERA. Vertex of head not narrowed, the lateral ocelli distant from the margin of the eye. 2 Vertex of head narrowed, the ocelli large, the lateral close to the margin of the eye. Claws pectinate's.15424 Saas. ett eee (755) Plesiophthalmus Forster. 2. Claws pectinate; first abdominal segment with lateral carinze extending backward from the spiracles; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken. (756) Astiphromma Forster. Claws simple; first abdominal segment without lateral carinze from the spiracles; transverse median nervure in hind wings not broken. (757) Mesochorus Gravenhorst. Tribe 1X. -PORIZONIN® 1868. Porizonoide, Family 3, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, pp. 141 and 147, 1894. Porizonini, Tribe III, AsHMnap, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., ITI, p. 277. 1900. Porizonini, Tribe IX, AsHmMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 583. With this tribe begins a series of tribes easily separated from those previously defined by the shape of the stigma, which is large and broad, either triangular or ovate, but never narrow-lanceolate, although otherwise approaching nearest to, or showing affinities with, the Anomalini and the Campoplegini. Dr. Forster called these tribes families and separated them upon very slight characters. For example, the tribe Porzzonini was separated from the three which follow by the middle vein in the hind wings being wanting or obliterated at its base or origin, while the basal nervure is distinctly thickened at its apex or where it unites with the costa or parastigma. In our fauna are several species described under the genus Cremas- tus, with the above characters, and which evidently belong to Férster’s genus Zemelucha, in this tribe. The genus Orthopelma Taschenberg, placed by European authorities in the tribe Hemitelin7, is evidently identical with Prdedrus Forster, and is placed here on account of the position of the spiracles of the first abdominal segment. Nineteen genera have been recognized in this tribe and are tabulated below: TABLE OF GENERA. First abdominal segment with the spiracles normal, not prominent -.......-...--- 2 First abdominal segment with the spiracles very prominent...(758) Probles Forster. 2. Spiracles of first abdominal segment placed behind the middle, the abdominal segments not of an equal width throughout .-....../............--- 3 No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 99 Spiracles of the first Secernal segment mle A Sere fore Pike Praais: the ahaauel ? segments of an equal width throughout, or nearly. : (759) Orthopelma Taschenberg= Préedrus Forster. 3. Hind tarsi much lengthened, the basal joint shorter than the two following unitedcraliletemonavand tiles swollen=-2=-s2--2-.-5-------+-.<2 25-5. 4 Hind tarsi not much lengthened, the basal joint somewhat longer than the two F following united; not all the femora and tibize swollen......-..-.---- 5 4. Hind tibiz hardly as long as the basal joint of tarsi or clearly shorter. (760) Baryenemis Forster. Hind tibize fully as long or longer than the basal joint of tarsi. : (761) Porizon Gravenhorst. 5. Frons not narrowed; eyes sometimes large, but not semiglobose ..--...--.--- 6 Frons narrowed; eyes very large, semi-globose. Metathoracic spiracles placed somewhat far from the metapleura. (762) Allophrys Forster. 6. Second discoidal cell entirely or almost entirely closed at apex-.....-.------ 7 Second discoidal cell, by a break in the transverse nervure, quite open at apex. Discoidal transverse nervure wanting-....------ (763) Sathropterus Forster. Discoidal transverse nervure present .......------- (764) Aneuclis Forster. 7. Hind femora and tibize not thickened; metathorax with the petiolar area, if present, longer than half the length of the metanotum ........--...- 8 Hind femora and tibiz somewhat thickened; metathorax long, with the petiolar area shorter than half the length of the metanotum. (765) Leptopygus Forster. Be etailonumn are OlAeQ on Seo ati awn ns oclae ont ese sie <- eds eee ee nso ee 9 Metanotum not areolated, rugose or rugulose ----.--- (766) G'onolochus Forster. 9. Metathoracic spiracles very close to the pleural carina........--..--------- 10 ‘Metathoracic spiracles somewhat distant from the pleural carina. Maxillary palpi abnormally lengthened, extending nearly to the middle COR pe a era Cae Gn iy SE (767) Dolichopselephus Ashmead. Maxillary palpi normal; metanotum long-----.--- (768) Temelucha Forster. 10. Mesonotum with deep parapsidal furrows; carinze inclosing the petiolar area NCL VES Ayes es eRe RMS tae my WR ae ORR ahs Sieh i 2 2a, a = ese 11 IMesonotumnihout parlapsidal furrOWss=.-...---25-2-2 6--c05-sces ccs ecc ce 12 11. Antenne stout, 25-jointed, joints 14 to 20 wider than long; cubital transverse nervure in hind wings a little longer than the first abscissa of the median VEIN OVIPOSILOPsVeEry SMOrt jo. 2c. 2s hace (769) Epistathmus Forster. Antenne not stout, 31-jointed, the penultimate joint wider than long; cubital transverse nervure in hind wings shorter than the first abscissa of the median vein; ovipositor longer than the abdomen. (770) Diaparsis Forster. i-Antenne shortened, 20-jointed or less..._....-....----2+--+-:2--t2---505- 13 Antenne lengthened, more than 20-jointed....--- (771) Thersilochus Holmgren. Peitaxnliairy palpumouunusually long. oo... 6. 2.2 Soot eee enclose sen 14 Mesxullary palpi'very long. 3.2.22. 222.28 2i22 522-22 (772) Heterocola Forster. 14. Metanotum with the median lateral areas not smooth........-------------- 15 Metanotum with the median lateral areas smooth ..-.(773) Ischnobatis Forster. iAuitenne more: than T3-jomted . 2 2. - 8-62 Scee nese tase seeseanss esos 16 EMEILETIM cea 3=] OLMLEC COM eSSa nae a ae eee See os eee sale se (774) Phradis Forster. 16. Antennze stout, the last joint longer than the two preceding joints united. (775) Futomus Forster. | Antenne not especially stout. | Stigma wide; base of discoidal cell longer than the apex of the second dis- coidal cell; hind wings with the first abscissa of radius much longer than the cubital tranverse nervure ..........---- (776) Isurgus Forster. 100 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Stigma rather narrow; base of discoidal cell not or hardly longer than the apex of the second discoidal cell; hind wings with the first abscissa of radius as long or somewhat longer than the cubital transverse nervure. (777) Astrenis Forster. Tribe X:- PRISTOMERINE 1868. Pristomeroide, Family 4, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, pp. 141 and 149. 1894. Pristomerini, Tribe IV, Asumean, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 277. 1900. Pristomerini, Tribe X, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 584. This tribe differs from the foregoing by having the middle vein in the hind wings distinct, entire, not obliterated toward the base. In this character it agrees with the Cremastini and the Plectiscin7, but is separated from both by the hind femora being armed with a strong tooth beneath, a little beyond the middle or toward their apices. Only two genera have been recognized, one being characterized here for the first time, as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Metanotum completely areolated, the median and the petiolar areas always separated; stigma large, wide; areolet wanting. Hind femora considerably swollen, with a large tooth beneath a little beyond the middle, followed by some small or minute teeth; metanotum with the areola hexagonal; transverse median nervure in hind wings slightly angu- larly broken below the middle .----.-.---.----- (778) Pristomerus Holmgren. Hind femora scarcely swollen, with a tooth beneath near the apex; metanotum with the areola pentagonal; transverse median nervure in hind wings — Stracht. mom broken ===---ees eee (779) Pristomeridia Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Porizon agilis Cresson. ) Tribe. XL... CREMASTINI. 1868. Cremastoidx, Family 5, Férsrer, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XY, pp. 141 and 149. 1887. Cremastina, Tribus, THomson, Opus. Ent., XI, p. 1048. 1894. Cremastini, Tribe V, AsHmran, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., III, p. 277. 1900. Cremastina, Tribe XI, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 584. Differs from the Pristomerint in having simple, unarmed hind femora, and from the Plectiscinz, in the character of the head, which is larger, by the clypeus being neither convex nor compressed from the sides, and by the normally formed hind tibie. Most of the species placed in our lists under the genus Cremastus do not belong to it, but should be placed in the genus Zemelucha Forster, in the tribe Porizoninz. Only two genera have been recognized, as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Head not wider than the thorax; clypeus distinctly separated from the face; radius originating from the middle of the stigma ----.... (780) Cremastus Gravenhorst. Head wider than the thorax; clypeus separated from the face at the sides only; radius originating from behind the middle of the stigma --.(781) Demophorus Thomson. ‘ ee No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 101 inves ieee iSC LN 1: 1868. Plectiscoide, Family 22, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXV, pp. 1¢3 and 170. 1871. Plectiscoide Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X X VII, p. 71. 1888. Plectiscina, Tribus, Tomson, Opus. Ent., XII, p. 1170. 1894. Plectiscini, Tribe XI, Asameap, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., IIT, p. 277. 1897. Plectiscini, Tribe, Davis, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., XXIV. , p- 240. 1900. Plectiscini, Tribe XII, Asumrap, Smith’s Insects of Now Jersey, p. 585. This tribe, as at present defined, is scarcely a natural minor group, since it comprises several discordant genera, with affinities allying them to genera in the Cryptine, the Tr yphonine, and the Pimplina. Davis, sain stating his reasons for so doing, placed the group with the Zryphoninew. This is clearly an unnatural position for the majority of the genera, the only genus which could be removed to that group being Pammicra Forster, and I have tabulated that with the tribe Zryphonini. To me this tribe, as at present defined, comes nearest to the Porizoninz, and is here placed at the end of the Ophionid series as less liable to create a disturbing element in the present arrangement of the subfamilies and tribes than if placed elsewhere. Thirty-one genera are placed in this tribe, separable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. MA MNLOEN Oh OMNCAKCE ys CRSCINCU asc cat.. esac sete oh Sec ceatcetdein ee be oS. 4 Labrum more or less widely exserted. MS tANO CUMING UE ALCAS sean Meee as aera ars Sere eee i oe cla eee ae ee win see 2 Metanotum with areas, or at least always with an areola................----- 3 2. Front wings without an areolet........-.-------- (782) Adelognathus Holmgren. ont awin es iit/amiereOletpo se eset ae oe cee nee See cee mes (783) Synema Forster. 3. Labrum at apex deeply emarginate; areolet in front wings absent; abdominal seg- ments two and three, quite smooth.........-- (784) Notomeris Forster. Labrum at apex not emarginate; areolet in front wings present; abdominal seg- ments two and three, not smooth.-........-- (785) Cnemischys Forster. 4. Ovipositor most frequently prominent, not hook-like, curved at apex.....-_- 5 Ovipositor not prominent, but hook-like, curved at apex. Front wings without an areolet....-..----..----- (786), Grypocentrus Ruthe. Front wings with an areolet.............----- (787) Campothreptus Forster. PELTON WINS itt AMIALCOLE toc cue Het eeea Soe Sat aoe ok ok OLR Re ee 6 Erontawinesoinoumanareolet-- 55.1. 6S 2ceh esse sock Meets a Os 12 6. Head with the vertex not especially broad, the cheeks not buccate; areolet not CEANSVEISE fepeee oe Ua oe a Seis s Saas a nen oe repeat tae Mints sialevee inte Soe oe 7 Head with the vertex broad, the cheeks buccate; areolet transverse, broadly Sessile ee eee hee Son Chae S (788) Macrochasmus Thomson. feehace noi narrowed toward. the mouths... 25. <<<. ele o lool ec eee ee 8 Face narrowed toward the mouth. Clypeus convex, separated from the face by a faint furrow. (789) Catastenus Forster. Clypeus almost flat or very feebly convex -...---- (790) Symplecis Forster. Same tan@ TuIMuaAre OlAte di). =te eee mame os Sek we Ot oe ie cnc ots 9 Metanotum wot areolated: << 2oss¢ 6 2.002 Sw wa Sisson (791) Aperileptus Forster. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII. 10. lit ie 13. 14. 15. 16. 19. 20. Clypeus convex and at the sides anteriorly more or less compressed. .-.--.- 11 Clypeus quite flat. Cheeks separated from the face by a deep furrow; metanotum with 3 or 5 APCAS R22 set Sees 2 cas oe esac ot nee See eee ee ee ee 10 Cheeks not separated from the face by a deep furrow; metanotum with 6 areas; antenne ending in a club....--.----- (792) Holomeristus Forster. Clypeus transverse; metanotum with 3 areas at base. - -- - (793) Entypoma Forster. Clypeus subrhomboidal; metanotum with 5 areas at base. (794) Blapticus Forster. Face separated from the clypeus by quite a broad sharp furrow, but without a transverse furrow, the clypeus very small, striate, much compressed from the sides, with large lateral foveee........------ (795) Dialipsis Forster. Face separated from the clypeus by a transverse furrow. Abdomen distinctly, longly petiolate and compressed toward apex, the petiole and second segment basally finely rugulose or coriaceous; face smooth, polished, not tubercular ....-.---- (796) Plectiscus Gravenhorst. Abdomen subsessile, depressed, polished, in outline oval; face punctate and medially: tubercular 5. 2 sss se soe (797) Cyrtocentrus Provancher. First joint of the flagellum as long as or longer than the second......-...--.- 13 First joint of the flagellum shorter than the second. * Second flagellar joint in male emarginate........-- (798) Miomeris Forster. Second flagellar joint in male simple. ..--...------- (799) Aniseres Forster. Flagellar joints 5-7, in male strongly emarginate; metathorax at apex perpen- dicularly truncate; hind coxze granulated. (800) Helectes Haliday = Idioxenus Forster. Flagellar joints 5-7 in male not emarginate; metathorax in female not truncate posteriorly; hind coxee not granulated. Metanotum not separated into two divisions by an impressed cross line before the middle= 22 22ts -S.22 25a eee ee ee eee 14 Metanotum separated into two divisions by an impressed cross line before the; mid devise. or oe ie gee hee i Ree eer (801) Dicolus Forster. Vertex not separated from the occiput by a transverse ridge, open at the MIDGIE oS: . soci ok eae cee sate ee ee ee eee 15 Vertex separated from the occiput by a transverse ridge-.--...------------- 16 Stigma broad; third flagellar joint emarginate ....-----. (802) Apoclima Forster. Stigma narrow; third flagellar joint simple ....-..-.----- (803) Ateleute Forster. Siioma Wot MATLOW see 8k ae es ee eee ee 17 Stigma very ngprow. 2425) beset eet (804) Polyaulon Forster. Metanotum at base distinctly: areolatedas-5- 522-225 +22 eee eee eee 19 Metanotum at base not distinctly and regularly areolated. Antennse:30-joimted! Orimores= =s2-- see ee ee eee eee 18 Antenne less than 30-jointed .......----.------ (805) Hemiphanes Forster. Abdomen very strongly compressed from the fourth segment. (806) Myriarthus Forster. Abdomen flat, not compressed from the sides, but spatulate. (807) Megastylus Schiédte. Tastitarsaley oimibatormneily 2 a2 Se a eee 20 Last tarsal jomt very much thickened--=-<- 2222222422 (808) Symphylus Forster. Transverse median nervure in hind wings distinctly broken. ....----------- 21 Transverse median neryure in hind wings not broken. First flagellar joint longer than the second; ovipositor projecting beyond the ‘tipiof abdomen'2 ss S202 sa 22 eee (809) Euslerinx Forster. First flagellar joint equal to the second or very slightly shorter; ovipositor not projecting beyond the tip of abdomen. ..(810) Pantisarthrus Forster. . NO. 1206.° ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHM EAD. 1038 re 21. First abscissa of the radius quite straight, forming with the second a sharp angle; transverse median nervure in hind wings broken, with a distinet ROCESS ame ee niet ee Gtioen Seisemee wise (811) Mntelechia Forster. First abscissa of the radius distinctly curved and not forming a sharp angle with the second; transverse median neryure in hind wings broken, without a process. Hind femora and tibize thickened; external median area prominently TO GG Cl epee ra ire Sy ore Sadan a Ae Bet ob pes (812) Gnathochorisis Forster. Hind femora and tibize not thickened; external median area nol promi- Mentive (oOthede shee Stee cece ee eth ac crtoeces (813) Proclitus Forster. Family XXVIII. ALYSIID. 1811. Ichneumonides adsciti Ners (part) Der Ges. naturf. Fr. z. Berl. Mag., V, p. 3. 1815. Alysiada Leacn, Edinb. Encyclop., IX, p. 148. 1835. Exodontes WesMAEL, Nouy. Mém. Acad. Sci. Brux., IX, p. 11. 1838. Braconidx, Family 4 (part), Hatimpay, Ent. Mag., V, p. 4. 1839. Ichneumonide, Family 6 (part), Haurpay, Hym. Synop., p. ii. 1887. Exodontes, Div. V, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 62. 1888. Exodontes MARSHALL, Species Hym. des Braconides, I, p. 67. 1900. Alysiide, Family LX XVII, AsHmrap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 585. This family is composed of a great number of minute, or at least small-sized, ichneumon flies that attack almost exclusively the larve of Dipterous insects. It has been treated by most authorities as a group, or two groups, in the family Bracontda, with which the majority of the species agree in their venational characters—the front wings being without a costal cell and having but a single recurrent nervure, the first. In 1894 I, however, described my genus Lys/ognatha, an insect agree- ing closely with the Adys¢¢nw in its cephalic, mandibular, and other characters, but differing from all known genera in that group by hay- ing ¢wo distinct recurrent nervures. This discovery upset the division between the /ehneumonide and the Braconidw, based upon the num- ber of the recurrent nervures, and Iam therefore of the opinion that the Alysiine, Dacnusine, and the Lystognathine should be treated as a distinct family from the /cehnewmonide and the Braconida, since the family is readily distinguished from both by the peculiar attachment of the mandibles. The three subfamilies noted may be separated as follows: TABLE OF SUBFAMILIES. Bront wings with only one recurrent nervure .-.-....---.. 22s eee eee cee eec ees 2 Front wings with two recurrent nervures.....-.----- Subfamily I. LysioGNaATHINA. 2. Front wings with three cubital cells, or if with two only the first transverse cubi- tus is wanting; apterous forms occasionally... ..-- Subfamily IT. aAvysron. Front wings with two cubital cells, the second transverse cubitus wanting, the first transverse cubitus always present; no apterous forms. Subfamily III, pacnusina. 104 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Subfamily IT. LYSIOGNATHIN A. 1895. Lysiognathine, Subfamily I, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., IIT, p. 277. This subfamily is separated from the Alysi7nw, with which it agrees in having ¢hree cubital cells, by having ¢wo distinct recurrent nervures. It is represented at present by a single genus distinguished as follows: Head subquadrate, seen from in front wider than long, the vertex bilobed; clypeus narrowly transverse; mandibles widely separated, bidentate at apex, and spread- ing wide open as in Alysia; abdomen sessile, in outline oblong-oval, subcom- pressed at apex and ending in a prominent ovipositor; second cubital cell in front wings small, oblique, subrhomboidal, similar to the areolet in Pimpla. (814) Lysiognatha Ashmead, Subfamily Il. ALYSIINZE. 1862. Alysioidxe, Family 25, Foérsrer, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, pp. 229 and 263. 1885. Alysiides MARSHALL, Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 11. 1887. Alysiine Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 62. 1888. Alysiide MARSHALL, Species des Hym. des Braconides, I, p. 67. 1900. Alysiine, Subfamily II, AsHMEap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 585. © The wings in this tribe have only one recurrent nervure and three cubital cells, the latter being the only character to distinguish it from the Dacnusinw. In it are included all wingless or subapterous forms. Two minor groups or tribes have been recognized, distinguished by venational characters, as follows: TABLE OF TRIBES. Wimped formset as 2c = cee sca ce ors ors a pe are ay ee eee eae Z Wanpless forms’ #525. ee ee nee ere eee ee ene Tribe II. ALiarnt 2. Front wings with a large, distinct stigma, which is triangular, oval, or subovate, never linear or narrowly lanceolate; hind wings with a recurrent nervure, and also most frequently with a radius............---- Tribe I. Anystint. Front wings with the stigma linear or narrowly lanceolate, never broad; hind wings without a recurrent nervure and usually without a radius. Tribe I]. ALuant. tribe hy ALY SIN. In this tribe are placed all winged forms having a large, distinct, triangular, oval, or suboyate stigma, never with a linear or narrowly- lanceolate stigma, and always having a more or less distinct recurrent nervure in the hind wings. Twenty-seven genera, with these characters, are tabulated below: TABLE OF GENERA. Second abscissa of radius shorter than the first transverse cubitus, very rarely as long ora little longér: 20. olie.¢.20 2 ee eee 2 Second abscissa of radius much longer than the first transverse cubitus ....------ 13 2. Second transverse cubitus always distinct: . 2222222 - See eee eee 3 Second transverse cubitus incomplete or subobsolete. (815) Asyntactus Marshall. : ; A1 oie Ti prea npg ans eG ty ene « NO, 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 105 3. Second abdominal segment with a distinct transverse impressed line, usually indicated by a difference in the sculpture, whereby the segment is sepa- HATCORUNLOMUWOSGIVASI ONS a eee ene o sei aseismic oe cielieinmiciclaisicu sine ae ec 4 Second abdominal segment without a transverse impressed line......-------- 5 4. Recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell; stigma large oval, the radius originating from beyond its middle; third and following abdomi- nal segments distinctly separated......--.----- (816) Trachyusa Ruthe. Recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell; second discoidal cell not completely closed at apex; third and following segments closely united, indistinctly separated ........:------- (817) Symphanes Forster. 5. Recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell..---...-------------- 6 Recurrent nervure interstitial or received by the first cubital cell -.....-.---- 8 Smmsecondaaiscoidal cell completely closedias sa s-sse ae eee see Saeaee eases 7 Second discoidal cell open at apex; first joint of the flagellum longer than the second - ---- eee re ee ee alae aa (818) Pentapleura Forster. 7. Radius originating from before the middle of the stigma. (819) Hypostropha Forster. Radius originating from the middle of the stigma; first and second joints of flagellum subequal; subdiscoidal nervure originating from or a little above the middle of the discoidal nervure-. ----- (820) piclista Forster. Radius originating from beyond the middle of the stigma; subdiscoidal nervure aMberstiiiales sssoses ees elas eisas a See ei (821) Goniarcha Forster. 8. Radius originating from beyond the middle of the stigma ........-....------ 9 Radius originating from. before the middle of the stigma. (822) Tunycarpa Forster. Diseoidal nervure oblique or angulate, the subdiscoidal nervure not inter- Ri tian eeeernmrter ys ste Mime an ane ne Rissa A UAE oo. See 10 Discoidal nervure straight, the subdiscoidal nervure imierstitial or nearly; spiracles of metathorax small, round......--.-- (823) Cratospila Forster. 10: Spiracles of metathorax very small, punctiform ....-...........-.....--.-- 11 Spuacies of metathorax very large 622-22 /.2252 2.52 --5-- (824) Alysia Latreille. 11. First joint of the flagellum somewhat longer than the second -...........-- 12 First joint of the flagellum distinctly shorter than the second. Seutellum conical, the postscutellum armed with a spine or tubercle; wings maculate, the second cubital cell narrow. (825) Hoplitalysia Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Hoplitalysia slossone Ashmead, manuscript. Seutellum at the most convex; wings not maculate, the second cubital cell TT OUTS ee eae Se ee Se Sar eieev te tae Mee sae (826) Idiasta Forster. ieeecurrent nervure interstitial ........---2-----ss------ (827) Anarcha Forster. Recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell... -- (828) Strophxa Forster. 13. First joint of the flagellum scarcely so long as the second or clearly shorter.. 16 First joint of the flagellum always somewhat /onger than the second. se Second discoidalecellipresentt: soa. 2 oes Sods eee Dede t eee es ces cee 14 pecondudiscordalicelliabsente= -- = 22.2 en oes ee (829) Opisendra Forster. Pemwomario; unisially thickened)... 225252 sset ance cece. so. So 2s 15 Stigma very large and unusually thickened, the recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell. Abdomen with three segments, as in GZnone Haliday, the second the largest; marginal cell not quite extending to tip of wing; second discoidal cell open at lower apical angle -...(880) Ginonogastra Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Mesocrina microrhopale Ashmead. Abdomen with the normal number of segments; marginal cell extending to LUD Ole WIC; is i ci oboe cos k pe ee cseeeeeeeeicn (Sol) Lrosaphanborster. 106 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, 15. Radius originating before the middle of the stigma. Recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell. (832) Acrobela Forster. Recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell. (833) Orthostigma Ratzeburg. Radius originating at or a little beyond the middle of the stigma. (834) Mesocrina Forster. 16, Marginal cell closed before the tip of the wing. - 2252.22. -02s2- 2. 22--2--22- iG Marginal cell closed.at the tip: of: the wing <2.) S22 S355: 2a eke ee ees 19 17. Recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell ......--------------- 18 Recurrent interstitial or received by the first cubital cell. Recurrent nervure received by the jirst cubital cell; subdiscoidal neryvure originating far below the middle of the discoidal nervure; mesonotal furrows entixely wanting]. = sees sss essere (835) Homophyla Forster. Recurrent nervure distinctly interstitial; subdiscoidal nervure interstitial or nearly; mesonotal furrows distinct ....-------- (836) Mesothesis Forster. 18. Anal cell in hind wings not extending beyond the middle of the median cell. (837) Misophthora Forster. Anal celi in hind wings extending beyond the middle of the median cell. (838) Adelura Forster. 19. Second discoidal cell completely closed. Submedian cell closed just behind the basal nervure; radial cell in hind wings normal, not divided by a transverse nervure....---------.---- 20 Submedian cell closed far behind the basal nervure; radial cell in hind wings divided into two by a transverse nervure. - (839) Idiolevis Forster. 20. First abscissa of radius forming with the second nearly a straight line; meso- notal furrows absent; subdiscoidal nervure originating from below the middle of the discoidal nervure.........--------- (840) Aclisis Forster. First abscissa of radius forming with the second a strong angle; mesonotal fur- rows distinct, uniting at about half the length of the mesonotum ora little beyond, and thence as a deep sulcus toward the scutellum, the middle lobe usually with a median grooved line; subdiscoidal nervure tnterstiialvorm early .3ee2e- eps ee ee ee (841) Phenocarpa Forster. Tribe, LL. VALLE CEENT This tribe is composed of all wingless and subapterous Alysiids, and winged forms having a linear or lanceolate stigma, the hind wings being without a recurrent nervure. Twenty-two genera have been recognized, distinguishable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Fully winged 2922.2 52-8255 aes se ee ee ee See ae ee ae 3 Wingless or with abbreviated wings 2... 2. <= {2222 5. foe ee eee Se 2 2. Wingless. ; Head large; viewed from above, bilobed; second joint of flagellam much _ longer than’ the first i. 22S S3sae5 22 Se he (842) Chasmodon Haliday. Subapterous or with abbreviated wings. Wings without a distinct venation; head subglobose; first joint of flagellum longer than the! second:..52 Suge 25 2 eee (843) Panerema Forster. Wings with a distinct venation, the submedian cell confluent with the second discoidal; head, transverse; male...--._..------ (844) Alla Haliday. 3.) First cubital and: first discoidal cells separated) 245" see— a ae ae eee 5 First cubital and first discoidal cells confluent, the first abscissa of the cubitus ADSENb a. Jocd2sncssceee cece seca ee see ee 4 6. ~sT 8. 10. Hale 14. NO. 1206, ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 107 Second abscissa of the radius /onger than the first transverse cubitus; second discoid alecell waitin omer sey = eis sere (845) Aphereta Forster. Second abscissa of the radius shorter than the first transverse cubitus. Maxillary palpi 4, labial palpi 3, jointed.-.-.....- (846) Syncrasis Forster. Maxillary palpi 3, labial palpi 2, jointed ....-.-- (847) Phenolyta Forster. First transverse cubital nervure present, the first and second cubital cells sepa- TSU (1 ae PE AE AE NG Sienna ne A OR oy eae SOAR. oe 6 First transverse cubital neryvure wanting, the first and second cubital cells confluent. Secondidiscoidalcell present. 22-2... 22----525 2 2- (848) Synaldis Forster. SMM minean NOtaulUNICKENEG 2 scone cas ac oo ee soem cs wb sa ce seas ecco 9 Stigma somewhat thickened or narrowly lanceolate. Second abscissa of the radius very much longer than the transverse cubitus; second discoidal cell wanting, or open at apex; rarely closed. ....... 7 Second abscissa of the radius hardly longer than the first transverse cubitus; second discoidal cell closed, the subdiscoidal nervuree interstitial; females (seempiwlOG) ene see eee ee Rs oe (844) Alloa Haliday. First joint of the flagellum shorter than the second; marginal cell closed at apex of wing. Second discoidal cell wanting or open at apex................-.-.2----- 8 Second discoidal cell distinct, closed at apex; first abscissa of radius dis- (Type, Kahlia flavipes Ashmead, manuscript. ) First abscissa of radius wanting, the second cubital cell therefore contiguous to the stigma or sessile; seeond discoidal cell present but open at apex. (850) Sathra Forster. First abscissa of radius very distinct, the second cubital cell widely separated from the stigma or petiolate; second discoidal cell entirely absent or only poaniielilny formes: Sek ie see ec rs-sees BE Sees = (851) Asobara Forster. First joint of the flagellum distinctly longer than the second_.............- 11 First joint of the flagellum nof longer than the second, usually shorter. .-..- 10 Recurrent nevure interstitial or received by the first cubital cell; second discodia] ccllkentirely wanting, <<. 22 -2Sc¢2 22222252 - (852) Spanista Forster. Recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell. Mesopleura with a smooth, transverse impression; antennze about 50- FOIE Cys eee ern Bayne ea pen ee ee NEEL Bt. Ma Pt (853) Dapsilartha Forster. Mesopleura with a crenate, transverse impression; antenne 17 to 24 jointed. (854) Ischnocarpa Forster. First and second abscissee of the radius forming a strong or an obtuse angle.. 12 First and second abscissee of the radius forming almost a straight line. (855) Anisocyrta Forster. Recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell.......--.------..-.-- 13 Recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell or interstitial........---- 18 Metathoracic spiracles very small, punctiform -..-..-.:.-..--.--.--------- 14 Metathoracic spiracles moderately large, round, distinct. Subdiscoidal neryvure originating much below the middle of the discoidal TLGTVUIB C= eee ee. Seer 2) Se Oe ot eRe Re (856) Dinotrema Forster, Cubitus not abbreviated immediately behind the transverse cubital nervure. 15 Cubitus abbreviated immediately behind the transverse cubital neryvure; sub- MScOldalenervuLce: WaMu seen See oe ee eee (857) Coloboma Forster. AUTISM MOK kM amr 1 o=] OlNTCOe sents Serene eee oh ne Lee ee ee 16 PCCM eel a=] OLN Se ee a eee eee (858) Spanomeris Forster. Stigma not thickened and scarcely distinguishable from the wing border; sub- discoidal nervure originating from or below the middle of the discoidal TLC TN UInC Menem aie eae ee ts xin pre Diesen ys ae Fre ans oieei s,s cee Lid 108 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, Stigma linear but somewhat thickened and readily distinguishable from the wing border; subdiscoidal neryure distinct, originating from above the middle of the discoidal nervure.. =... c2--s2-sceee=<- (859) Delocarpa Forster. 17. Vertex concave; thorax compressed laterally...-.------ (860) Dipiesta Forster. Vertex convex; thorax not compressed laterally-.-..--- (861) ] OInbedess ye res ees (964) Episigalphus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Episigalphus minutessimus Ashmead, manuscript.) 2. Marginal cell closed. Mesonotumywihsparapsidalifurroweic. <4.52555.22 22. S2202b2 as-. 2 cece ace 3 Mesonotum without parapsidal furrows, smooth, highly polished. (965) Liosigalphus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Liosigalphus politus Ashmead, manuscript. ) 3. Hind coxze with a tooth above; second abdominal segment longer than the third, the transverse lines approaching the base laterally; hind margin of third segment notched. ....-......-..-. (966) Polydegmon Forster. Hind coxve without a tooth above. Second abdominal segment shorter than the third, the transverse lines not approaching the base laterally; hind margin of third segment not notched; scutellum normal; head as wide as the thorax. (967) Sigalphus Latreelle. Second abdominal segment longer than the third. Scutellum normal; head as wide as the thorax. (968) Forsteria Szépligeti. Scutellum bidentate; head small, narrower than the thorax. (969) Fornicia Brullé. 4. Transverse median nervure interstitial; first discoidal cell sessile; apex of abdo- men with a deep median emargination, the ovipositor prominent; apex of male abdomen unarmed......-..-_.-- (970) Schizoprymnus Forster. Transverse median nervure not interstitial; first discoidal cell petiolate; apex of abdomen without or with only a slight emargination, the ovipositor prominent; apex of male abdomen usually armed with two spines or eet ee ee oe. ee - 2 eee pn adr (971) Urosigalphus Ashmead. 126 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Subfamily IX. CHHLONIN 2. 1818. Cheloni, Family 11, Nees, Berl. Mag., VII, p. 260. 1862. Chelonoidx, Family 9, Verh. d. Naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, pp. 228 and 248. 1885. Chelonides MArsHaut, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 10. 1887. Chelonine, Subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Amer., pp. 54-55. 1888. Chelonide, Tribe X, MarsHax1, Species des Hym. des Braconides, I, p. 66. 1900. Chelonine, Subfamily IX, AsHmMeap Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 591. Allied to the Sigalphinew and separated from them by having three cubital cells in the front wings; otherwise they are identical. The tribe is represented by eight genera, all found in the United States, except Zrachypetus Guérin, which is tropical. All may be easily recognized by the use of the following table: TABLE OF GENERA. Winged. First cubital and first discoidal cells separated, not confluent; eyes bare -.--.- 2 First cubital and first discoidal cells confluent, the first abscissa of the cubitus absent or incomplete; abdomen not segmented; eyes hairy. (972) Chelonus Jurine. 2. Recurrent nervure joining the first cubital cell or interstitial with the first transverse cubitus.-- os" eccarcan seas tee ee ae eee ee eee 3 Recurrent nervure joining the second cubital cell ...--..--.----------------- 4 3. Abdomen not segmented; first discoidal cell petiolate. Second cubital cell subtriangular, the second abscissa of the radius usually shorter than the first; submedian cell longer than the median; abdomen atapexsnot Didentate == ass eae ee eee (973) Ascogaster Wesmael. Second cubital cell oblong-quadrate, the second abscissa of the radius at least three or four times longer than the first; submedian cell not longer than the median; abdomen at apex bidentate. (974) Gastrotheca Guérin. Abdomen 3-segmented; first discoidal cell sessile or subsessile. (975) Phaneratoma Wesmael. 4. Abdomen not elongate clavate, oval or oblong-oval, with from 3 to 4 segments... 5 Abdomen elongate clavate, with 2 segments, the first long, petioliform; antennee very long, filiform, about twice the length of the body. (976) Trachypetus Guérin. 5. Abdomen normal, not tumid, the lateral margins of segments not extending over the sides beneath; ovipositor prominent or subexserted; clypeus not prominent, i: .-65 2. e Sous See ee aoe Sees coer ae See oe a eee 6 Abdomen tumid, the lateral margins of the segments extending over the sides beneath; clypeus prominent; second cubital cell longer than wide. (977) Sphaeropyx Illger. 6. Second cubital cell wider than long; joints 1 and 2 of maxillary palpi dilated, the last two very small, shorter than the second. (978) Tetrasphaeropyx Ashmead. Second cubital cell longer than wide; maxillary palpi normal, the last two joints elongate, as long or a little longer than the second. (979) Acampsis Wesmael. (2 Abdomen =withision 4)sermentsie se] s24-—-- eee eee (979) Acampsis Wesmael. No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. E27 Subfamily X. AGATHIDIN 4. 1885. Agathides MarsHatt, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 10. 1887. Agathine, Subfamily Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, pp. 54 and 59. 1888. Agathididx, Tribe XII, MarsHau, Species des Hym. des Braconides, I ’ p. 66. 1900. Agathidine, Subfamily X, AsHMEap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 592. This subfamily represents quite a distinct group, but with aftinities allying it to the Cardiochilinw and the Microgasterina, the three eyi- dently having had a common origin. The short, very narrow, pointed marginal cell is characteristic of the group, and this character, with the others given in my table of subfamilies, renders the group easily recognized. Forster made of the group two distinct families, Agathido/dw and Eumicrodoide, based merely upon a difference in the shape of the head. I believe, with Mr. Marshall, that both groups are too closely allied to warrant such a separation; but since both groups may be easily separated by the character used by Forster, their eparation is main- tained as a matter of convenience, in the sense of tribes. The groups are thus distinguished: TABLE OF TRIBES. Head rostriform, the malar space, or the space between the eyes and the mandibles, Seine Otl came rege Nae Mee ae San Sem Co So eee so Tribe I. AGATHIDINI. Head normal, not rostriform, the malar space never very long, sometimes entirely wanting, the eyes extending to base of mandibles. ___..--- Tribe II. Microprintr. ribet. AGATAIDINI. 1862. Agathidoidx, Family I, Forsrer, Verh. d. Naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XTX, pp. 228 and 245. 1900. Agathidini, Tribe I, AsHmMrap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 592. The shape of the head alone must be depended upon to distinguish this tribe. Six genera fall into this minor group, separable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Areolet present, never wholly wanting, triangular or quadrate..............---.-- 2 Bmeolemwholly wanting 222. 05.025. 2s05.she.cee ee (980) Braunsia Kriechbaumer. MEP ATCO lLetimangularsottenspenolates..- saa. ose senses oes Sce ce sos ccc 5 Areolet quadrate, the outer neryure, or the second transverse cubitus, most fre- quently: broken -by-a stump of a,.velm:<--=2.~.<-.--= tats sce. ctesnn 3 3. Frontal excavation large, with a sharp edge on each side, not separated at the middle; between the antennz at the base are two stout knobs. Lateral edges of the frontal cavity not continued to the lateral ocelli; ovi- OOSTLO TOM OR Mme ap we een we Dewy eee ee) oat, See 4 Lateral edges of the frontal cavity extending to the lateral ocelli; ovipositor TO LAV CH VECONUN CNib reeves oc cocoate aces (981) Disophrys Forster. 128 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VoL. XXII, 4. Scape not long, scarcely more than twice as long as thick; legs normal. (982) Cremnops Forster. Scape long, stout, fully three times as long as thick; legs, especially the hind palr, Tobush: 2 \.5t cosh. - cea oe eee (983) Megagathis Kriechbaumer. 5. Frontal excavation not large, without a sharp edge on each side; no knobs between the antennee. Maxillary palpi in female abnormal, the three penultimate joints short, compressed, lenticular; claws cleft --..--.------ (984) Troticus Serville. Maxillary palpi normal; claws simple -.-------.---.- (985) Agathis Latreille. Tribe II... MICRODINT. 1862. Eumicrodoidx, Family 12, Férrsrer, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, pp. 228 and 246. 1900. Microdini, Tribe II, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 592. This tribe differs from the preceding in having a normally shaped |} oo SP lhet, fee cee head, and by the much shorter malar space, which is sometimes wholly — wanting; otherwise the groups are identical. Fifteen genera have been recognized, distinguishable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. First cubital and first discoidal cells separated, never confluent, the first abscissa of therecubitus distiuicth see en ee ae ee ee ee 11 First cubital and first discoidal cells confluent, the first abscissa of the cubitus more or less completely obliterated. Maxillary palpi 5» or'6 jointed. -.. 3.225. S50 eee ee eee 2 | Maxillary palpi 4-jointed. Areolet triangular; parapsidal furrows meeting at the middle of the meso- MLO GUM Se cers Sse oe oe ee ee eee (986) Cenostomus Forster. 2. Labium very long and slender; maxillary palpi 6-jointed --_..----..--------- 3 Labiuma not veryslong 2.2 2e Shae = ee nee eee ae eee ee re 4 3. Labium extending to the middle of the mesonotum; mandibles falcate, with a small tooth within. ..(987) Agathirsia Westwood= Paragathis Ashmead. | Labium not so long; mandibles falcate, edentate, acute at tips, without a tooth Seva Dna 22 = ys See aa Pe oe = Reel ee ie (988) Agathona Westwood. 4. Maxillary palpi normal, 5-jointed, not much lengthened.........----------- 5 Maxillary palpi abnormally lengthened, extending to the base of the abdomen. (989) Aenigmostomus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Microdus longipalpus Cresson.) Forms slender, elongate, the ovipositor always long. ..--..----------------- 8 Forms rather stout, robust, the ovipositor very short or only slightly exserted. 6 6. Hind wings without a closed discoidal cell; inner spur of hind tibize about one- third the length of the basal joint of tarsi; second joint of maxillary palpi dilated or thickened; areolet triangular, subtrapezoidal or petio- late. 2.355 556-46 in. HeR has ew GER Bee ae Soe ee ee ee 7 Hind wings with a closed discoidal cell; inner spur of hind tibize longer than half the length of the basal joint of tarsi; palpi normal; areolet triangu- lar, usually petiolate -...--- (990) Crassomicrodus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Microdus fulvescens Cresson. ) Sr 7. Eyes normal, not nearly extending to the base of the mandibles, the malar space _ distinct, broad. NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 129 Areolet oe usually nee claws ae (991) Epimicrodus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Microdus diversus Cresson. ) Areolet sessile, quadrate; claws cleft (Siam). (992) Chromomicrodus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Chromomicrodus abbotti Ashmead, manuscript. ) Eyes very large, extending close to the base of the mandibles, the malar space obsolete; areolet triangular or subtrapezoidal, not petiolate. (993) Zelomorpha Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Zelomorpha arizonensis Ashmead. ) 8. Hind wings w ithout a Closed discoidal cell, inner spur of hind tibize never half as long as the basal joint of tarsi; maxillary palpi normal. Peo LOGADCOMp ete Or, wanting... s2t!)-. Sek... 22 she 92 seas lt olckise- 10 ATCO CH ROUNOLCLONE heen ee ere ce tate ies Seb eek Sac Seay ea the 9 9. Areolet tetragonal or trapezoidal; subdiscoidal nervure in hina wings originat- ing at or below the middle of the discoidal nervure, rarely very slightly above; metathorax areolated; abdomen with oblique or transverse inapressed furrows). o2-2-.-2..-.- (994) Brachyrhopalum Kriechbaumer. Areolet triangular and usually petiolate; subdiscoidal neryure in hind wings originating far above the middle of the discoidal nervure; metathorax MO TALC OAL aes erate se eee ee ue ee (995) Microdus Latreille. 10. Subdiscoidal nervure in hind wings entirely absent, the transverse median ner- vure straight; metathorax short, exareolated (Australia). (996) Orgiloneura Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Orgiloneura antipoda Ashmead, manuscript. ) 11. Areolet wider than long, trapezoidal; first abscissa of the radius thrice as long as the second; marginal cell very wide.-.--.................-----.+- 14 Areolet quadrate or nearly; first abscissa of the radius not nearly thrice as long as the second, most frequently shorter; marginal cell narrow-.----- 2 12. Maxillary palpi 6-jointed; first abscissa of the radius usually shorter than the second-whindi wines nonmallyccelled: 222.2 5< 25-45. ssc esc sececdic 13 Maxillary palpi 4-jointed; first abscissa of the radius longer than the second; hind wings with a discoidal cell and two marginal cells. (997) Snellenius Westwood. 13. Mesonotum without furrows or the furrows are indistinctly defined; metanotum not areolated, at the most with two median longitudinal carinz; claws | SIMU Gatos ee et Se Soe a bok e As lc (998) Earinus Wesmael. | Mesonotum with deep furrows which are crenulate anteriorly; metanotum areolated; claws cleft.......-...---- (999) Pseudagathis Kriechbaumer. | 14. Maxillary palpi 5-jointed; abdomen narrow, subcompressed and acute at apex, | the first segment long, petioliform, coarsely rugulose, the sides parallel. ! (1000) Meteoridea Ashmead, new genus. : (Type, Meteoridea longiventris Ashmead, manuscript. ) Subfamily XI. CARDIOCHILIN 4. 1887. Toxoneurine, subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 61. 1900. Cardiochiline, Subfamily XI, AsumMeap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p- 592. Cardiochiles Nees (with three or four synonyms) was included by Forster and other European Aen in the subfamily JLcrogas- ‘evine. In 1887, the Rev. T. A. Marshall, who furnished generic ables of the Braconidae for Mr. . resson’s synopsis of the Hymenoptera Proc. N. M., vol. xxiii 9 130 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, i of North America, separated Say’s genus Zoxoneuron from other — Braconids as a distinct subfamily under the name of Zoxoneurine, the — distinguished divine evidently being unaware at that time of the | identity of that genus with Cardiochiles Nees. 7 The group is a good one, intermediate between the Agathidine and | the Microgasterine, and readily distinguished by the venational charac- | ters employed in my table of subfamilies. The following are the essential characters for its recognition: Front wings with three cubital cells, the marginal cell elongate, the third abscissa of the radius reclivate, the second cubital cell longer than wide; hind wings with two | marginal cells; mesonotum with distinct furrows converging and meeting pos- } teriorly; metathorax areolated, the areola lozengoidal, rarely indistinct; antennee W@-joimted\. .Y85 2.2. Loss. ee nena ee ee ee (1001) Cardiochiles Nees. | Subfamily XII. MICROGASTERIN 4. 1862. Microgasteroide, Family 10, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, pp. | 228 and 244. " 1885. Microgasterides MARSHALL, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 10. 1887. Microgasterine, Subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. N. A., pp. 54-89. 1888. Microgasteride MarsHatg, Species des Hym. des Braconides, I, p. 66. 1900. Microgasterine, Subfamily XII, AsumEap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 592. This is a large and most difficult group, its nearest allies being the Agathidine and the Cardiochiline. The absence of parapsidal furrows and the rather full characters employed in my table of subfamilies will, however, render the group easily recognized. | The group is probably susceptible of tribal divisions. Veonewrus| and Llasmosoma will fall together; then J/‘raw and allies; and finally: the genuine Microgasterines, Apanteles, Microgaster, ete. . Plumarius Philippi, described from South America, is unknown to me in nature, but evidently, judging from the figure and description,’ belongs to this group. Cotes’a Cameron, is also unknown to me; it may yet prove to be identical with Apanteles Forster. The genera at present recognized may be distinguished by the char. acters made use of in the following table: | TABLE OF GENERA. Marginal cell completely closed -...------------------escr-rrtrrr ttre Marginal cell incomplete or wholly Wanting (oJ. s-ce ds nen 2 Oe eo = ome ae 2. Areolet oblique, rhomboidal; antenneze 17-jointed, the joints of the flagellur with fascicles of long hairs.--------------- (1002) Plumarius Philippi — Areolet subquadrate; antenne 16-jointed, normal. ri. (1003) Neonewrus Haliday = Heclites Forstey, | j No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. ea 3. Marginal cell for the most part entirely absent or at most with only the first aDseiscaea i GNemaciUsspNeseNba 2c Soc oS oe ee wok eee ee 6 Marginal cell not entirely wanting, the radius present but not extending to the costa, but forming a well-defined, although open, cell... 2222. 4 4. Radius not geniculate; metanotum not strongly areolated ........---..22---- 5 Radius geniculate; metanotum sometimes areolated. Areolet incomplete, but in position, subquadrate; hind portion of the cubi- tus interstitial with the fore part; antennz in female 13-14 jointed, in male 14-16 jointed; metanotum not areolated. (1004) Elasmosoma Ruthe. Areolet wanting or open behind, not subquadrate in position; hind portion of the cubitus emerging from the first discoidal cell; antennz 21-jointed; metanotum strongly areolated ...-....-.....- (1005) Dirrhope Forster. 5. Hind portion of the cubitus emerging from the first discoidal cell; antennze PU OUedemr tee, omnes a Bees 2S (1006) Acelius Haliday. 6. Front wings with three cubital cells, the second (or areolet) and the third never COP RUOOTSL ON AS ok ee es ee eee hs Re Na oe a CE ST ee I4 Front wings without cubital cells, or at most with two only, in the latter case the second and third being confluent 7. Front wings with two cubital cells, the areolet confluent with the third; the dis- coidal cells usually distinct and separated; mesonotum normal... ---- 8 Front wings without cubital cells, and the first and second discoidal cells are obliterated or confluent; mesonotum with a large fovea in front of the scutellum; antennze 21-jointed; hind coxze very long, subeylindrical. (1007) Celothorax Ashmead. 8. Antennee, in both sexes, 14-jointed; hind wings without a radius. (1008) Mirax Haliday. EMEVeM cou =| OUNCES 2a ae he Bee He. Si tesa stl Lek ae - (1009) Cotesia Cameron. Antenne 18-jointed. Clypeus entirely separated from the face by a grooved line or furrow betweenkbney Gly peallstoved sme. sores oso eee ae ate es ce ook 12 Clypeus not separated from the face by a grooved line or furrow between ENE TC ys SLO Coe see een eens re rented mts aya eben ee eS 9 9. Metathorax quite differently formed, without a transverse apical carina. - -- - - 10 Metathorax short, truncate posteriorly, the truncature bounded superiorly by a transverse carina, the face with a distinct petiolar area. (1010) Parapanteles AShmead, new genus. (Type, Apanteles aletix Riley. ) 10. Metathorax with a distinct median longitudinal carina (rarely nearly obliterated by the coarseness of the sculpture), areolated, or at least with a distinct ATEOLACO TMC CIOS ALCAP me Mays Mae ater sense Pee Sen Rees eye 2, er eee 11 Metathorax without a trace of a median carina or an areola, smooth, alutaceous, or shagreened, and rarely with a slight median depression. Second abdominal segment without lateral grooved lines. (1011) Protapanteles Ashmead. Second abdominal segment with distinct lateral grooved lines, which con- verge anteriorly. 11. Metanotum with a distinct median longitudinal carina (rarely nearly obliter- ated by the coarseness of the sculpture). Second abdominal segment not separated from the third by a deep trans- verse furrow; ovipositor never prominent, at the most subexserted, the hypopygium plow-share shaped---.....------ (1012) Apanteles Forster. 14. 16. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, Second abdominal segment separated from the third by a deep transverse furrow; ovipositor always long or prominently exserted. (1013) Pseudapanteles Ashmead. Metanotum areolated or at least with a distinct areola or median area; oviposi- tor always long or prominently exserted.....(1014) Urogaster Ashmead. 2. Metathorax with a distinct median longitudinal carina (rarely nearly obliterated by the coarseness of the sculpture), areolated, or at least with a distinct areola’ or MeCGIAN ATCA. se ee ee ae ee 13 Metathorax without a trace of a median carina or an areola, smooth alutaceous or shagreened. (see p. 181)-...-..----- (1111) Protapanteles Ashmead. 3. Metathorax with a median carina longitudinal carina (rarely nearly obliterated by the coarseness of the sculpture). Ovipositor hidden, never prominently exserted....(1012) Apanteles Forster. Ovipositor long or always prominently exserted. (1013) P&eudapanteles Ashmead. Metathorax areolated, or at least with a distinct areola or median area; ovipos- itor always long or prominently exserted-..(1014) Urogaster Ashmead. Clypeus entirely separated ‘irom the face 222-252) eee ee ee 18 Clypeus not entirely separated fromthe tface= 22055. 222-2-. 22. a. eee 15 . Metathorax with a prominent median longitudinal carina or the surface very coarsely TUBOKE Us. 25s SoS ee es eas oe a ee 16 Metathorax without such a carina, but with a more or less distinct median area or areola. Front wings with the areolet very small; second abdominal segment much shorter than the third ...(1015) Hypomicrogaster Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Microgaster zonarius Say.) Second abdominal segment separated from the third by a deep, transverse fur- row, not tlobed ics 2432 see 22t tee hee eee Se ee eee eee 17 Second abdominal segment not separated from the third by a deep, transverse furrow, and trilobed by two nearly parallel longitudinal grooved lines or furrows; ovipositor at most subexserted, not prominent. (1016) Diolcogaster Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Microgaster melligaster Provancher. ) . Mesopleural furrow long and crenulate; abdomen elongate, the sides parallel; plate of first segment oblong, quadrate, as wide as the second segment; ovipositor long; last joint of tarsi long and stout; the pulvillus large, Jongerithan the claws 4202 32 225+ 5555-.65 (1017) Hygroplitis Thomson. Mesopleural furrow wanting or shallowly impressed and smooth; abdomen not especially long, the sides arcuate, never parallel; plate of first segment trapezoidal; ovipositor exserted; last joint of tarsi and the pulvillus — MOMMA Se Cee eee ae ee (1018) Microgaster Latreille. . Hind tibial spurs very long, the inner spur fully two-thirds the length of the basal joint of the tarsi; plate of first abdominal segment very narrow, linear 20202 Fs Oe eee eon ee aap (1019) Protomicroplitis Ashmead. (Type, Protomicroplitis Germani Ashmead, manuscript. ) Hind tibial spurs short, the inner spur scarcely one-third the length of the basal joint of the tarsi; plate of first segment variable. (1020) Microplitis Forster. 4 NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. ise Subfamily XIII. ICHNHEHUTIN &™. 1862. Ichneutoidx, Family 20, Férsrer, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, pp- 229 and 256. 1885. Ichneutides MARSHALL, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 10. 1887. Ichneutine, Subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 61. 1888. Ichneutide, Tribe XVII, MarsHaut, Species des Hym. des Braconides, I p- 66. 1900. Ichneutine, Subfamily XIII, Asomeap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 594. © ; With this group begins a series of subfamilies quite distinct from the preceding and closest allied to those which are to follow, or Wes- mael’s Clyclostomi. The /chneutine and the Opiinw closely resemble each other and agree fairly well in the venation of the hind wings; the former is, however, easily separated from the latter by the venation of the front wings, the marginal cell being very short, while the anal cell is divided by a transverse nervure or a stump of a nervure. The species belonging to this group whose parasitism is known all attack the larve of various saw-flies (Zenthredino/dea). Only three genera fall intg this group, all found in our fauna. TABLE OF GENERA. erneinocowite toe radius absent:..-22 . . S25 2s a eee ee ee ee 6 Clypetia horned. 25." Soh5u522 2 eee ee eee eee (1028) Rhinoplus Forster. Mouth not completely closed, a more or less distinct opening between the cly- peus:and the mandibles: : 2.45225) 6 tens eae 10. Mouth completely closed, the mandibles fitting close to the clypeus-------- 7 Recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell.--.........-.....--- 8 Recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell or interstitial with the first TRANS VETSE RGU GUS eee ee ee (1029) Zetetes Forster. less deeply impressed line, not thickly hairy.........-------..- 9) Clypeus separated from the face by a sharp elevated line, and thickly hairy. (1030) Chilotrichia Forster. Radius originating somewhat before the middle of the stigma, rarely from the middle. Stigma narrow, elongate; first abscissa of the radius rarely half as long as | the second, the marginal cell extending to the apex of the wing. (1031) Biosteres Forster. Stigma large, triangular -..-..-- (1082) Trigonospilus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Trigonospilus Hopkinsi Ashmead, manuscript.) | Radius originating far beyond the middle of the stigma. (1033) Stenospilus Forster. Radius originating near, or somewhat beyond, the middle of the stigma, the lat- | ter large, thick, ovate or subtriangular-.(1034) Diachasma Forster. | Radius originating at about the basal third of the stigma. (1035) Rhabdospilus Forster. No. 1206, ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 185 12. Recurrent nervure interstitial or received by the second cubital cell... ..__- 14 Recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell. Mesonotal furrows much abbreviated or entirely absent...........--.-- 13 Mesonotal furrows complete. Second discoidal cell open. (1037) Holconotus Forster. 13. Stigma broad; transverse median nervure in hind wings, with a trace of a recur- TENE HELVULCE ee at ae te Sasson osk se «mee (1038) Apodesmia Forster. Stigma narrow; transverse median neryure in hind wings without a trace of a NECULTEMUMETVUNG elena eae aiaia sl aereysias ae (1039) Allotypus Forster. 14. Second abdominal segment without a transverse impressed line..........--- 15 Second abdominal segment with a transverse impressed line, the second and third segments subequal. Stigma lanceolate; second cubital cell sessile. ..(1040) Phedrotoma Forster. 15. Face without long hairs, at the most sparsely pubescent.-......---.....-..-- 16 Face densely clothed with long hairs; stigma lanceolate; second cubital cell Sulbpetiolatemeesa sscsyas ooh or suey ene oe (1041) Hutrichopsis Forster. 16, Radius not originating beyond the middle of the stigma ........-..-.------ 17 Radius originating beyond the middle of the stigma--.(1042) Therobolus Forster. ie Mandibles' not emarginate on the underside. ----.:.-1---...-.+-5.--------- 19 Mandibles emarginate on the underside. Mouthkconmpletelyaclosed Serres = sree ne ee ase oe eens a ere eee 18 Mouth more or less open. First joint of the flagellum longer than the second; second cubital cell subsessile, the marginal cell extending to the tip of the wing. (1045) Hypocynodus Forster. 18. Marginal cell long, closed at or near the tip of the wing; stigma lanceolate, the radius originating before the middle, the second abscissa of the radius about twice as long as the first transverse cubitus. (1044) Hypolabis Forster. Marginal cell short, closed much before the tip of the wing. (1045) Cryptonastes Forster. 19. Second abscissa of the radius much shorter than the third..........--.----- 20 Second abscissa of the radius as long as the third. Stigma narrowed or linear, the radius originating from its basal third or before the middle, the first abscissa short but distinct; second dis- Col alrcelnclosed =—- see ee mene sete cece (1046) Biophthora Forster. 20. Mouth more or less open; submedian cell most frequently longer than the MICUIALRUATCUVACU Ute ene coors ane oe ote eee Et oe 21 Mouth closed; submedian and median cells equal or nearly; stigma lanceolate; second discoidal cell closed.---.-.------ (1047) Desmiostoma Forster. PEC CONGAGISCOIMA Cell OMEMEE cee mic ec oe oe oe eine weiss oe ewes see See eee eee 22 Second discoidal cell closed. Stigma large, subtriangular; cubitus originating from or a little beyond the middle of the basal nervure; first abscissa of the radius distinct, not short, the second cubital cell therefore distinctly petiolate. (1048) Utetes Forster. Stigma lanceolate, rarely subtriangular; cubitus originating near the apex of the basal nervure, or near the parastigma, the first abscissa not or scarcely developed, the second cubital cell therefore sessile or Suipsessille yan 25 Sosa eee ane eae seth (1049) Opius Wesmael. Semouioma narrowed, linears2. =<..-.2ccclscceske scone ee ese (1050) Nosopea Forster. 136 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Subfamily XV. BRACONIN. 1862. Braconidx, Family I, Férster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, pp. 227 and 234. 1885. Braconides MArsHALL, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 1. 1887. Braconine, Subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Amer., pp. 54 and 56. 1888. Braconidex, Tribe 1, MarsHa.i, Species des Hym. des Braconides, IJ, p. 65. 1900. Braconinx, Subfamily XV, AsHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 595. This subfamily and the following, the ?hogadine and the Spathiine, represent Wesmael’s division Cyclostom7, distinguished from the pre- ceding groups by having the clypeus emarginate or impressed ante- riorly, and forming, with the mandibles, a semicircular opening. The species belonging to this subfamily are easily recognized by the very short submedian cell in the hind wings and the non-margined occiput, temples, and cheeks. In the Spathiine and the Rhogadine the submedian cell in the hind wings is never very short and the — occiput, the temples,and the cheeks are most frequently distinctly margined. Three tribes or minor groups, have been recognized, distinguished principally by the length of the submedian cell in the front wings. TABLE OF TRIBES. Submedian cell much shorter than the median; eyes large, extending clear to the base of the mandibles, the malar space wanting..-Tribe I. APHRASTOBRACONINI. Submedian and median cells equal; eyes not extending to the base of mandibles. Tribe II. Bracontnt. Submedian cell distinctly longer than the median; eyes not extending to base of the MAAN CHIDLES 22/2/42 2 NPE 0s cB oe he eee ee Tribe III. Evuuropraconini. Tribe I APHRASTOBRACONINI. This tribe is based upon a species described recently by the writer from Ceylon; it differs from all other Braconids belonging to the sub- family Braconine by the submedian cell being much shorter than the median, by the large eyes, and the absence of a malar space: Head transverse, the eyes very large, occupying the whole side of the head, the face and vertex being very narrow; marginal cell extending to tip of the wing, the median cell much longer than the submedian..(1051) Aphrastobracon Ashmead. (Type, Aphrastobracon flavipennis Ashmead. ) Tribe: Il... BRAGCONINE To this tribe belong the vast majority of the species found in the subfamily Braconinw; they are separated at a glance from all others by having the median and submedian cells of an equal length, the transverse median nervure being distinctly ¢nderstitial with the basal nervure. ‘ NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 137 Twenty-one genera have been recognized, separable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Abdomen with the sutures between the segments deep and usually crenulate, the apical margins of the segments sometimes rimmed or reflexed______- 2 Abdomen with the sutures between the segments normal, or at the most with only the second deepand crenulate, the second and third sometimesconnate; dorsal segments without transverse furrows, except sometimes the second... 5 2. Head transverse, the temples more or less narrowed or oblique. ------- ~~~ - 4 Head quadrate or nearly, the temples broad. Scape Saran pa] ena TAMPER See oe a ee hee eS 3 Scape armed with a tooth beneath. (1052) Odontoscapus Gribodo ?=Chaoilta Cameron. 3. Abdomen elongate and much narrowed; dorsal segments 3-5 at base, with broad, transverse, crenate furrows and with oblique, usually crenate, furrows laterally, the apical margins elevated. (Siam. ) (1053) Zaglyptogastra Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Zaglyplogaster abbotti Ashmead, manuscript. ) Abdomen broad, oblong-oval; dorsal segments 2-4, with deep, transverse, usually crenate, furrows, the second also with an oblique furrow on each side, extending from the basal middle to the lateral depressions. (1054) Iphiaulax Forster=TIpobracon Thomson. 4. Abdominal segments 2-4, with oblique lateral impressions, and all longitudinally Siriateowaciculateass semana eae ee (1055) Glyptomorpha Holmgren. pet abrim snort, 10. clongate or TOSstriorm. 2... i/o. kc acest. tee teste eee 6 Labrum elongate, rostriform or nearly. Abdomen elongate, the second dorsal segment and sometimes the third with oblique or curved lateral furrows or depressions, basal segments for the most part longitudinally striate or aciculate- ---- (1056) Vipio Latreille. 6. Head transverse or obtrapezoidal, as seen from above, the temples rarely broad, usually narrow or very oblique, never as broad as the width of the eyes; metathoracic spiracles most frequent, very minute, inconspicuous.... 11 Head quadrate or cubical, the temples broad. Ehindwings with. only. oncimarginalcell jo. o-a'2 22\s2 4585 ete eee ese 7 Hind wings with two marginal cells...-..--.--- (1057) Heteropteron Brullé. 7. Anterior tarsi not twice as long as their tibize; penultimate abdominal segment MOG SOMONSAsLMe) PreceGiN Ors 22.54 kys lesa aes sk teed Seek cee Oe 8 Anterior tarsi at least twice as long as their tibize; penultimate abdominal seg- ment twice as long as the preceding --...--- (1058) Megaproctus Brullé. 8. Second cubital cell shorter than the first; the second abscissa of the radius rarely longer than the first transverse cubitus, and most frequently shorter than the first abscissa of the cubitus; scape not long, subglobose, obconiec or clavate; pedicel and first joint of the flagellum equal or TL CSUT iy amen meter ry ned SS Re. ted See a Se Sere on spe Se 10 Second cubital cell always much longer than the first; the second abscissa of the radius nearly twice as long as (or even longer than) the first transverse cubitus. Eyes not so large, entire, never emarginate within.......--.-.......---- 9 Eyes very large, occupying the whole sides of the head and emarginate within opposite the insertion of the antenne (Africa). (1059) Curried Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Curriea fasciatipennis Ashmead, manuscript. ) 9. Scape rather long, cylindrical, truncate at apex, the pedicel much shorter than the first joint of the flagellum, the third flagellar joint shorter than 138 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. 10. 12 14. either the first or second; second dorsal abdominal segment with oblique lateral depressions which extend from the basal middle. (1060) Melanobracon Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Bracon simplex Cresson. ) Scape subglobose, obliquely truncate at apex, the pedicel annular, scarcely one- third the length of the first joint of the flagellum, the second and third flagellar joints equal, hardly so long as wide, shorter than the first; abdomen smooth, polished, banded with white, the second dorsal seg- ment with smooth oblique lateral impressions, the third sometimes with a transverse furrow at base (Australia). (1061) Callibracon Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Bracon limbatus Brullé.) Third joint of the flagellum longer than either the first or the second, the first shorter than the second; abdomen elongate, the second dorsal segment with lateral grooved lines, oblique at base... - (1062) Coloides Wesmael. Third joint of the flagellum not longer than the second, both about equal. (1063) Atanycolus Forster. Metathoraxsmooth withoutanmedian Garinaeer ss s2eeeeee ee ao- 2 eee 12 Metathorax with a distinehmedianicannae a= esses sees eee eee aaa 20 Second abscissa of the radius much longer than, and sometimes twice as long as, the first (or even longer), always much longer than the first trans- VOrse Cuuboutinss Ms Fe as LN ss es eo re ah ae rear eee 13 Second abscissa of the radius nol, or scarcely, longer than the first, usually a little shorter than the first transverse cubitus, or no longer....----- 19 Radius not extending to-the tipiol the wing 2222 22 see oe eee 17 Radius extending to the tip of the wing. Leos denselyhairy2/5 a0 52 eA Se ne BS ad ole Eee eae 15 Regsinot densely *hatryss2 5 ozs Ao Se Lie Re tos a 2 ee ee ee aie 14 Abdomen abnormal, short rounded, above highly convex, beneath concave, with only four or five visible dorsal segments -.------------------- 16 Abdomen normal, never very short, often elongate, with the usual number of segments. Scape three or more times longer than thick, subcylindrical, with the apical margin beneath acutely produced; first joint of the flagellum nearly twice as long as the second; abdomen elongate, much longer than the head and thorax united, narrowed toward the base, smooth, but the first and second dorsal segments with deep lateral grooved lines, furrows, or depressions, the third with two shallow oblique impressions; metathoracie spiracles large, linear, placed behind the middle; all tarsi longer than their tibie, and the joints armed with stiff bristles or spines atrapexi2..s Noire (1064) Compsobracon Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Exothecus magnificus Ashmead, manuscript. ) Scape subglobose, or not twice as long as thick, shorter than the first joint of the flagellum, or no longer, and rarely more than two and one-half times as long as thick; first joint of the flagellum slightly the longest joint, or never shorter than the second or the third; pedicel about twice as long as thick; abdomen oblong oval, not longer than the head and thorax united, smooth, except sometimes the first and second at base laterally, which are usually striate, the second dorsal segment without lateral grooved furrows, the third simple without impressions; meta- thoracic spiracles small, rounded, placed at or a little before the middle; tarsi unarmed, the last joint about the length of the second. (1065) Macrodyctium Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Bracon ewure Ashmead. ) ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 139 15. Scape short, subglobose; first joint of the flagellum twice as long as the pedicel; abdomen oblong, segments 3-5, with transverse grooved lines or fur- rows; metathoracic spiracles minute, inconspicuous, placed before the DU Gh Gee meee ae ee ye ore has ee 2s (1066) Myosoma Brullé. 16. Mesonotal furrows complete and only slightly converging posteriorly; scutellum convex, with a crenate furrow across the base; first and second abdom- inal segments coarsely rugose, occupying most of the surface; the second and the third very large, closely united; the fourth and fifth very short, opaque, shagreened; the sixth often retracted, but emarginate medially at apex for the reception of the ovipositor; scape subglobose, truncate at apex; pedicel annular, wider than long; first three joints of the flagellum about of an equal length, scarcely longer than thick. (Japan. ) (1067) Chelonogastra Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Chelonogastra Koebelei Ashmead, manuscript. ) PEO Omen MOrmMals! 70; SpImOUS 24 R225 he... 2 Se ese evi eae eel ee 18 | Abdomen abnormal, spinous. | Scape long, angulated beneath...............--.--- (1068) Binarea Brullé. 18. Frons flat, not or scarcely impressed above the insertion of the antennze; meso- pleura without a furrow. Abdomen smooth, as in Macrodyctium, or at the most with segments 1-3 finely sculptured, the ovipositor usually long, more rarely shorter than the abdomen; scape subglobose, very little longer than thick, the first slightly the longest; first dorsal segment with two furrows which con- verge anteriorly; last joint of hind tarsi distinctly shorter than the sec- Orie RA aes thee reap OS ee SUS (1069) Microbracon Ashmead. Abdomen with all the segments, except sometimes the apical segments, sculp- tured, shagreened, or coriaceous, the fourth segment very rarely smooth; first joint of the flagellum distinctly longer than the second, the third a little shorter than the second; first dorsal segment of abdomen rarely much longer than wide at apex, with a depression and a sulcus at base; last joint of hind tarsi long, as long, or nearly, as the second. (1070) Bracon Fabricius. 19. First discoidal cell petiolate; head, thorax, and abdomen most frequently coria- ceous or shagreened, rarely smooth and shining; antennal characters as in Bracon (Sensu stricti); ovipositor short, rarely two-thirds the length of the abdomen, most frequently much shorter; last joint of hind tarsi about the length of the third, shorter than the second. (1071) Habrobracon Ashmead. 20. Mesothoracic furrows more or less distinctly impressed, the middle lobe promi- nently elevated anteriorly; scutelum with a crenate furrow across the base. Abdomen with the sutures between the segments distinct, well defined; tarsi normal, the last joint of the hind tarsi not enlarged, shorter than the second joint; first joint of the flagellum about twice as long as thick, not or scarcely longer than the second; ovipositor either long or short, normal, the sheaths not broad. (1072) Tropidobracon Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Bracon gastroidee Ashmead. ) Abdomen with the sutures after the first poorly defined, indistinct; tarsi abnormal, the last joint much enlarged, as long as the first; first joint of the flagellum about thrice as long as thick, a little longer than the second; ovipositor very stout, shorter than the abdomen, but with the sheanhsy roan ss. seen eee ae (1073) Baryproctus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Bracon barypus Marshall. ) 140 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Tribe lll; EUUROBRAGONINA This tribe is based upon a Japanese species named by Frederick Smith Bracon penetrator; it is remarkable for the length of the ovi- positor, which is many times longer than the whole insect and recalls that found in certain Pimplids—2hyssa and Thalessa. Submedian cell distinctly longer than the median. (1074) Euurobracon Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Bracon penetrator Smith. ) Subfamily XVI. RHOGADIN &. 1900. Rhogadine, Subfamily XVI, AsHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 596. The distinctly margined occiput, temples, and cheeks, and the longer submedian cell in the hind wings, readily separate this sub- family from the Braconinw, while from the Spathiine it is distin- guished by mesonotal characters, and by the subdiscoidal nervure in the front wings, which originates below the middle of the discoidal nervure, never from above the middle. A single minor group has the occiput immargined, the cheeks are, however, margined. The group is dividable into five tribes, or minor groups, called sub- families by some writers, distinguishable by the characters employed in the following table: TABLE OF TRIBES. Eront wings with ¢wor cubital cells 2 aan se a ae ee 5 Hrontawanesmwiltinic/iree Culo italy Ge lll seers eae ee a es ee 2 2. Head transverse, narrowed, never full behind the eyes, the temples not |s3 fOr Ye bees Man eine ene eka recta he eddy Lubes bile eh a ee ECG G a SOE 3 Head large, quadrate or cubical, full behind the eyes, the temples broad... 4 3. Abdominal segments 1 and 2 without a median longitudinal carina, the thyridia usually wanting, rarely dictinct; ovipositor strongly exserted, or prominent. Head with the occiput immargined; radius in hind wings entirely obsolete of subobsoletes 2 2s. 5 sa aie ee ee ene Tribe I. EXorHecint. Head with the occiput always margined; radius in hind wings usually Gustinctvess— oe ee ee oe eee ee ene ee eee ere Tribe II. Ruyssa.ini. Abdominal segments 1 and 2 and sometimes 3 with a longitudinal median carina, the thyridia distinct; ovipositor never prominent, at most subexserted. Tribe III. RuoGaprnt. 4. Abdominal segments 1 and 2 without a median carina, at most rugulose or stri- ate: ovipositor lon gess sect etae seen eee eee Tribe IV. Dorycrint. 5. Head quadrate, full behind the eyes, the temples broad..Tribe V. HrcaBo.int. ees fae 2 ALS ; NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 141 irises pee O@ TEE CTIN T. 1862. Exothecoidx, Family, Forsrmr, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XTX, p.279. 1885. Exothecides MArsHauu, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 9. 1887. Exothecinx, Subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 56. 1888. Exothecidx, Tribe II, MarsHaui, Species des Hym. des Braconides, I, p. 65. 1900. Exothecini, Tribe V, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 597. This tribe is readily separated from the others by the immargined occiput. It comes nearest in this respect to the subfamily Braconina, with which the species are easily confused. The venation of the hind wings is, however, quite distinct from the species in that group, the submedian cell being always much longer, nearly half the length of the median cell, while in the Braconine it is never more than one- third the length of the median cell. Eight genera belong to this tribe, separable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. SUiMRiOMearticulation distinct, crenulatess os-seeaos= see. oe eo sees es. 62 2s 2 SMO nMMEaArgiCulatlonvoSOlete@rerr es = sas oss Aarne Saha oe sees 3 2. Stigma large, oval, the marginal cell closed a little before the tip of the wing. (1075) Zamegaspilus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Zamegaspilus Hopkinsi Ashmead, manuscript. ) Stigma normal, the marginal cell closed at the apex of the wing; metathorax with a delicate median carina; second dorsal abdominal segment with a CLOGS MUTEO Wiese see ae Oren amc ce 820 Seale (1076) Phanomeris Forster. 3. Radius originating from the middle of the stigma ...................-.----- 4 Radius originating far beyond the middle of the stigma -...------.---------- 5 Radius originating much before the middle of the stigma. Submedian cell much longer than the median, the transverse median nery- ure joining the median vein far beyond the origin of the basal nervure. (1077) Exothecus Wesmael. Submedian cell not longer than the median, the transverse median nervure interstitial with the basal nervure .._-....---.- (1078) Nynobius Forster. 4. Recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell. Second abscissa of the radius more than twice as long as the first; abdominal segments 2-3, smooth, shining, the first sometimes aciculate. second: discoidal cell closed ..=..:-------.=----- (1079) Rhysipolis Forster. secondidiscoidalicellNopenvac 2-225-222-2222 35. - (1080) Lytopylus Forster. Recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell. (1081) Bathystomus Forster. ). Recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell; second abdominal segment without a transverse furrow ....-..------------ (1082) Xenarcha Forster. cribe Ik, .~RAY SSALINI. 1862. Rhyssaloide, Family 7, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XTX, pp. 228 and 241. 1885. Rhyssalides MarsHati, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 9. 1887. Rhyssalinw, Subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 56. 1900. Rhyssalini, Tribe IV, Asumran, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 596. This tribe is composed of a number of minute species easily confused with some in the tribe Axothecin’, and great care must be given to the 142 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOI, XXIII. *, examination of the head before the species can be placed, the occiput in this group being distinctly margined, while in the former it is immargined. The presence of a radius in the hind wings assist some- what in placing these insects, but the character is only of secondary importance since it is absent in some forms. Nine genera fall into this tribe, distinguishable by the use of the following table: 2 A Sentech atin lai oe SS TABLE OF GENERA. Recurrent neryvure interstitial with the first transverse cubitus or received by the first — cubital cello. 360-3 sete 2 es eee sect Bit Pee eee ee 2 Recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell... 2:--s.---:---- 22424258 9 2. Marginal cell in front wings completely closed. .-..-.....---.-------------- 3 Marginal cell in front wings open at apex. Stigma narrow, lanceolate, the radius originating a ltttle beyond its middle. (1083) Ademon Haliday. — 3. Radius originating at or much beyond the middle of the stigma. ..--..-----. 5 @ Radius originating somewhat before the middle of the stigma. Abdomen always broadened at the middle, oval or oblong-oval.__--—--- 4 Abdomen sessile sublinear, scarcely broadened at the middle, the second segment longer than the two following united, the fourth somewhat shorter than the third __-_--.....- (1084) Camptocentrus Kriechbaumer. 4. Second abdominal segment with two oblique furrows, the hind margin tumid; legs short, the femora much swollen. (1085) Glyptocolastes Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Glyptocolastes tecanus Ashmead, manuscript. ) Second abdominal segment without oblique furrows, the hind margin not tumid; metanotum with a median carina and a small triangular areola; legs not short, slemdenssle }22) Ais Shee ee See tea on are (1086) Colastes Haliday. 5. Radius originating from the middle of the stigma or only a little beyond.... 6 Radius originating from the last third of the stigma.--.-......--.--..------ 8 D> Metanotum with a short median carina, which is usually forked at apex. Abdomen in female of compressed at apex, with the hind margins of seg- ments 2 and 3, and sometimes one or more of the following, tumid; stigma strongly angulate at the origin of the radius......-----2-..-- 7 Abdomen in female compressed at apex, with the hind margin of segments 2 and 3 normal, not tumid; dorsal segments 1-3 rugulose; stigma not angulate at the origin of the radius... .--- (1087) Clinocentrus Haliday. First abscissa of the radius very short, less than half the length of the first transverse cubitus (or scarely longer); second abdominal segment very little longer than the first; metathorax with an areola and a petiola area. (1088) Oncophanes Forster. First abscissa of radius much longer, fully half the length of the first transverse cubitus or longer; second abdominal segment very large, nearly twice as long’as) theminstes = = (1089) Epirhyssalus Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Epirhyssalus californicas Ashmead, manuscript. ) 8. Stigma scarcely angulate at the origin of the radius. “I (1090) Noserus Forster. 9. Metathorax areolated, the basal area always complete; radius originating beyond the middle of the stigma; hind tibize in male thick, clavate. (1091) Rhyssalus Haliday. Metathorax not areolated; radius originating from the middle of the stigma; hind tibize in male: normal. .-.-.--...--.- (1092) Hurybolus Ratzeburg. = ine NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIE: ASHME, 1D. Vas Gribestit RELOGA DIN T. 1862. Rhogadoidx, Family 6, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, pp. 228 and 240. 1885. Rhogadides MarsHauL, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 10. 1887. Rhogadinx, Subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 58. 1888. Rhogadidx, Tribe VIII, Marsa, Species des Hymén. des Braconides, I, p. 66. 1900. Rhogadini, Tribe III, Asnmnap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 596. The species falling in this tribe are very characteristic, and among the easiest of all Braconids to recognize by the longitudinal carinz on the first and second abdominal segments and their characteristic sculpture. Five genera fall into this tribe, all occurring in our fauna. They may be readily distinguished by the use of the following table: TABLE OF GENERA. RO rmMuAtnCUatOD: ODSOLELO= 2 2° sajate hak oo oo Cate ees sn jaeeeeetedeces 2 SUHUMLOLM artculation, dishmet, crenulates...-3--.. 2-2. 45----s-sce-- eee eee 4 2. Abdomen not longer than the head and thorax united, in female not strongly COMPFOsseG mee Pee ec aoa ara Se Seen cle uth ee at on oaeiiere 3 Abdomen longer than the head and thorax united, in female strongly com- pressed from before the middle toward the apex; ovipositor subexserted; second cubital cell rectangular ---.----..-------- (1093) Petalodes Wesmael. 3. Tarsi very short, hardly half the length of the tibize; second cubital cell small, shorter than the first abscissa of the radius. .----- (1094) Yelicones Cameron. Pa hnird jomntvor coe maxillary. palpr normal. —35:2.2¢.6. 22. soa.ss 2c sceeche g 5 Third joint of the maxillary palpi dilated inwardly; ovipositor slightly exserted. (1095) Pelecystoma Wesmael. 5. First abscissa of the radius longer than the second, the second cubital cell quad- rate; terminal abdominal segments more or less retracted. (1096) Heterogamus Wesmael. First abscissa of the radius shorter than the second, the second cubital cell longer thant widesor trapezoidal’ s.-.- 22 224-4--.v----- (1097) Rhogas Nees. (Eribeskv. DORY CLINT. 1862. Doryctoide, Family 4, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XTX, pp. 227 and 238. 1885. Doryctides Marsnaut, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p., 9 1887. Doryctine, Subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p., 57. 1888. Doryctide, Tribe VI, MarsHauu, Species des Hymén. des Braconides, I, p. 65. 1900. Doryctini, Tribe II, AsHmEApD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 596 This tribe has been heretofore treated as a subfamily equivalent in value to the Braconinw, with which some of them are frequently con- fused, although they ought not to be, since the head is distinctly margined and the venation of the hind wings is wholly different, the submedian cell being very long, longer than half the length of the median. 144 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. To my eyes the two groups are quite distinct and have little in common, the resemblance to each other being merely superficial. Ten genera belong to this tribe, among which is the genus Stenoph- asmus Smith, placed by some authorities with the Stephanidw. I have not seen the type of this genus, however, and what American hyme- nopterologist take for it may be quite a distinct genus. Our species, placed in it, are easily confused with the genus Spathius on account of the petiolate abdomen and the similarity of venation. TABLE OF GENERA, Second abdominal segment separated from the third by a strong transverse furrow. 2 Second abdominal segment blending with the third, not separated by a strong trans- verse f0rrew 55..2-420< pak! oh oS 1 OR EL eta OLE es oe Bah ee eee 3 2. Hind coxee armed with a strong tooth or spine above. (1098) Odontobracon Cameron=Syngaster Brullé (part. ) Hind coxze normal, unarmed. ; Recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell. (1099) Hedysomus Forster ?=Zombrus Marshall. Recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell. (1100) Rhaconotus Reinhard. 3. Basal joint of the hind tarsi not longer than the four following joints united; antennm very long>.2- 260-4 = 5 shaken 2 0to eae ec oo q Basal joint of the hind tarsi about twice as long as the four following joints united; antennze very short....--------- (1101) Histeromerus Wesmael. 4. Recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell, or interstitial with the first transverse cubltus: 22.2 <..2 cco 5s Se ees ae eee eee 5 Recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell. Second and third abscissee of the radius and thecubitus abnormally thickened; hind wings without an anal cell.....------- (1102) Caenopachys Forster. Second and third abscissee of the radius normal, not thickened; hind wings with an anal cell..-------- (1103) Doryctomorpha Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Doryctomorpha antipoda Ashmead, manuscript. ) 5. Abdominal segments without arcuate punctate lines, at the most with the second segment only with oblique impressed lines........--.-------------- 6 All abdominal segments with punctate, arcuate lines; recurrent nervure inter- stitial with the first transverse cubitus. (1104) Bathycentor Kriechbaumer. 6. Second abdominal segment without deep oblique impressed lines; hind wings in miale:aithows: a Sti ori os Aro ro ee eo 7 Second abdominal segment with two distinct oblique impressions or lines; hind wings in male usually with a stigma, rarely without; recurrent nervure not interstitial .....=:.< <<. (1105) Glyptodoryctes Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Heterospilus carye Ashmead, manuscript. ) . Submedian cell not longer than the median; abdomen distinctly petiolate, the first segment long and slender. 4 32 Sette 2S ee eee 8 Submedian cell longer than the median; abdomen sessile. Metathorax more or less distinctly areolated, or at least always with a com- plete areola or basal and lateral areas; first joint of the flagellum dis- tinctly longer than the second; basal abdominal segment striate or sculptured, the second and following usually smooth, polished, rarely with the second striate at base .....--.--- (1106) Ischiogonus Wesmael. s“I Test aS Stl Ba aN tad a A AES BL Le j NO. 1206, ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEA D. 145 Metathorax not, or incompletely, areolated, the areola, if at all defined, open behind, the lateral areas never distinct; first joint of the flagellum not longer than the second, equal or slightly shorter; first abdominal segment base of the second, as well as sometimes the following segments, SERIniG Ob SCULUMNCH a. - 2 che sisi Soe oo cits ae - (1107) Doryctes Haliday. Submedian cell not longer than the median; abdomen distinctly petiolate, the first segment very long and slender; metathorax sculptured but exareo- lated; antenne long and slender, the first and second joints of the fla- gellum about equal in length --_----------- (1108) Stenophasmus Smith. Tribe -V. HECABOLINI. 1862. Hecaboloidx, Family 3, Forsrer, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XTX, pp. 227 and 236. 1887. Hecaboline, Subfamily, Cresson, Syn. Hym. North America, p. 57. 1888. Hecabolide, Tribe IV, MarsHa.t, Species des Hym. des Braconides, I, p. 65. 1900. Hecabolini, Tribe I, AsHmMEap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 596. This tribe is easily separated from all the others in this group by the venation of the front wings, which have only ¢wo cubital cells; otherwise it resembles the Doryctinz, the species falling in it having a cubical-shaped head. Only two genera have been recognized, separable as follows: TABLE OF GENERA. Marginal cell narrow, cuneiform, prolonged to the tip of the wing; second abdominal segment with two converging furrows; hind wings in male without a stigma. (1109) Hucorystes Marshall. Marginal cell normal, or cultriform; second abdominal segment without converging furrows; hind wings in male with a stigma.----.------ (1110) Hecabolus Curtis. Subfamily XVII. SPATHIIN 4. 1862. Euspathioide, Family 2, Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, pp. 227 and 236. a 1887. Spathiine, Subfamily, Cresson (part) Syn. Hym. North America, p. 57. 1888. Spathiide, Tribe III, MarsHauu (part) Species des Hym. des Braconides, I, p. 65. 1900. Spathiine, Subfamily XVII, AsHmEap, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 597. With this subfamily I terminate the genuine Braconids, and con- sider it the connecting link between the families Lraconidw and Stephanide. Its nearest allies are to be found among the Rhogadine, but from them it is readily separated by the minute, tibial spurs, and in haying the subdiscoidal nervure either interstitial or originating above the middle of the discoidal nervure. The group is dividable into three tribes, usually treated as subfami- lies, and recognizable by the characters made use of in the following table: 10 Proc. N. M., vol. xxiii 146 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. TABLE OF TRIBES. Abdomen sessile; head transverse, very rarely quadrate. Front wings with éwo cubital cells or less; recurrent neryure in hind wings and— the submedian cell wanting; female sometimes apterous, with only three visible segments: 3. 2560. So cee a eee Tribe I. PamsBorrnt. Front wings with three cubical cells, the subdiscoidal vein interstitial or nearly; recurrent nervure in hind wings rarely present, the submedial cell distinct; no apterous forms known: 2-228 2 sase sao ote eee Tribe IT. Hormirt. Abdomen petiolate; head quadrate, rarely subquadrate; front wings with three cub- ital cells’, 2.2: S24 S- ele Si ee eee ste at pense Tribe III. SparHunt. Tribe I. PAMBOLINI. 1862. Hecaboloidz, Family 3 (part), FGrsrer, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, pp. 227 and 236. 1885. Pambolides (part), MARSHALL, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 9. 1887. Pambolinx, Subfamily (part), Cresson, Syn. Hym. North Amer., p. 57. 1888. Pambolidx, Tribe V (part), MarsHau, Species des Hym. des Braconides, I, p. 65. 3 1900. Pambolini, Tribe I, ASHMEAD, Smith’s Insects of New Jersey, p. 597. } This tribe is distinguished from the Spathdinw by having the abdo-— men sessile, never petiolate, and from the Horméini by having only ; two cubital cells in the front wings. It also includes all the winglesdi species known in the subfamily. j I am in doubt as to the sexes of Arhaphis Ruthe and Pambolus Haliday. Mr. Marshall has united both under the genus Pambolus Haliday, but he has recently described and figured what I take to be_ a winged form of either Pambolus or Arhaphis under the genus” Phenodus. Pheenodus is known to me in nature, and has three cubital - cells, not two as figured by Marshall. Pambolus is known to me in the female sex alone. TABLE OF GENERA. Metathorax normals unarmed! 22222 a6 (eis eee a eee cee ee 23 Metathorax armed with two spines or teeth. Male. (1111) Arhaphis Ruthe ?= Pambolus Haliday. .. Winged... 225.525. 27k ee ee corn ~ ong eee eee eee a Wingless or at most with minute wing pads. Antennz more than 12-jointed; basal joint of the hind tarsi normal, not ) milsted ste eee S52 ee oto ate seh eer ee ee a Antennz 12-jointed; basal joint of the hind tarsi very large, inflated or merassated.-— Male 2225 s-eeeee (1112) Sactopus Ashmead, new genus. | (Type, Sactopus schwarzii Ashmead, manuscript. ) | 3: Abdomen with trom 4to 6 sesments!:<-22 2 4U ae eS Se es 40 Abdomen with 2 segments. Female (see p. 147.) -..- (1113) Pambolus Haliday.. 4. Antenne 16-jointed, longer than the body; head large, quadrate; abdomen: with at least 6 segments, the epee scarcely half the length of the abdomen (Hawaii)....------- (1114) Eephylopsis Ashmead, new genus, (Type, Ecphylopsis nigra Ashmead, manuscript.) Antenne 18-jointed, much shorter than the body; head transverse; abdomen. with 4 to 5 segments, the first and second occupying most of the surfaces ( NO. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. co 10. li 12. 15 ovipositor very long, nearly the length of the body; maxillary 4—, labial palpi, 3-jointed......--- (1115) Pambolidea Ashmead, new genus. (Type, Pambolidea yuma Ashmead, manuscript. ) Peroni waned withionly one cubital:cell SA cos 25- 2-2-2 - USS ees eee 13 Front wings with two cubital cells. Marginalice! completely closets oo 2-35 sane ses ha cop tase cp ge es organ mA eer Sd dat le ha al ne ni ia ta ee “ee ENS erg. Bp WS ENEMY bee kY SONI S Sr etal yet No. 1206. ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD, 189 Troctocerus Wolstedt, Ueber eine Sammi. Schles. Ichn., 1876, p. 196; Bull. St. Peters- burg Acad., XXII, 1877, p. 396. _ Trogomorpha Ashmead, new genus, see p. 15. | Trogus Panzer, Krit, Rev., II, 1806, p. 80; Gray. Ichn. Eur., IT, 1829, p. 369. ~ Tromatobia Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, 1868, p. 164. ie Tromera Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, 1868, p. 210. Tromopeea Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 210. _ Trophoctonus Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 206, Tropidobracon Ashmead, new genus, see p. 139. Tropistes Gravenhorst, Ichn. Eur., ITI, 1829, p. 442. Troticus Brullé, Hist: Nat. des Ins. Hym., IV, 1846, p. 508. Trychosis Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 187. Tryphon Fallen, Sp. Noy. Hym. disp. meth. exhib. Lunde, 1813; Gray. Ichn. Eur., II, 1829, p. 118. Trysicampe Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 207. _ Tycherus Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, 1868, p. 192. _ Tylecomnus Holmgren, Dispos. Meth. Exochorum Scandinavian, 1873, p. —. _ Udenia Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rhein]., X XV, 1868, p. 202. _ Ulothymus Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 185. _ Urithreptus Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 180, _ Urogaster Ashmead, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., IV, 1898, p. 166. - Urosigalphus Ashmead, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XII, 1888, p. 637. _ Utetes Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XTX, 1862, p. 261. Vipio Latreille, Hist. Nat., XIII, 1805, p. 176. _ Volucris Davis, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc., X XIV, 1897, pp. 267 and 287. _ Wesmeelia Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, 1862, p. 251. Wesmeella Spinola, Mem. ac. Sci. Torino, (2), XIII, 1851, p. 32. Westwoodia Brullé, Hist. Nat. des. Ins. Hym., IV, 1846, p. 126. _ Westwoodia Provancher, Nat. Can., VII, 1875, p. 329. _ Wroughtonia Cameron (= Helcon Nees), Mem. Manchester Lit. and Phil. Soe., XLII, } 1899, p. 56. Xaniopelma Tschek, Verh. zool.-bot. Gesell. in Wien, X VIII, 1868, p. 443. Xanthopimpla Saussare, Grandidier’s Hist. de Madagascar, XX, 1892, Hym., pl. xi. _ Xenacis Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 167. _ Xenarcha Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XTX, 1862, p. 235. Xenobius Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, 1862, p. 235. Xenobrachys Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 179. Xenodocon Forster (—Linoceras Taschbein), Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, 1868, p. 186. _Xenolytus Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 174. Xenonastes Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 158. Xenopimpla Cameron (== Lissopimpla Kriechbaumer), Mem. Manch. Phil. Soc., XL, | 1898, p. 28. | Xenoschesis Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, 1868, p. 158. _ Xestophyes Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 189. Xorides Gravenhorst, Ichn. Eur., III, 1829, p. 845. Xylophylax Kriechbaumer, Ent. Nachr., 1V, 1878, p. 210. Xylonomus Gravenhorst, Ichn. Eur., III, 1829, p. 130. Xylophurus Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 169. Xynobius Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XIX, 1862, p. 235. Yelicones Cameron, Biol. Centr.-Am. Hym., I, 1887, p. 387. Zacalles Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 204 Zachresta Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 151. _ Zaglypta Forster, Verh. d. naturh, Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, 1868, p, 166. | - 190 PROCEEDINGS OF! THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXII. { Zaglyptogastra, Ashmead, new genus, see p. 137. | Zamegaspilus Ashmead, new genus, see p. 141. Zapedias Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXV, 1868, p. 206. Zaphleges Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, 1868, p. 184. Zaphlethis Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, 1868, p. 205. Zaphthora Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, 1868, p. 206. Zaporus Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, 1868, p. 152. Zarhynchus Ashmead, new genus, see p. 59. Zatypota Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XXV, 1868, p- 166. Zele Curtis, Brit. Ent., IX, 1832, p. 415; Hal. Ent. Mae I, 1838, p. 262; III, 1835, p. 140. Zelomorpha igteaen new genus, see p. 129. Zemiodes Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, 1868, p. 200. Zemiophora Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, p. 203. Zemiophron Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., X XV, p. 206. Zemiophorus Thomson (= Zemiophora Forster), Opus. Ent., XTX, 1894, p. 2000. Zemiotes Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XTX, 1862, p. 253. Zetetes Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XTX, 1862, p. 258. Zetisima Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX XIII, 1876, pp.7 and 9. Zombrus Marshall (?= Hedysomus Forster), Species des Hym. Vbis, 1897, p. 10. Zonocryptus Ashmead, new genus, see p. 40. Zonopimpla Ashmead, new genus, see p. 55. Zoophthorus Forster Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl.,X XV, 1868, p. 180. Zootrephes Forster, Verh. d. naturh. Ver. pr. Rheinl., XX V, 1868, p. 162. SYNOPSES OF THE FAMILIES OF THE HYMENOPTERA. Suborder I. HETEROPHAGA. Superfamily I APOIDEA. TABLE OF FAMILIES. Labium, or tongue, flattened, most frequently shorter than the mentum, rarely much longer (some Panurgidxe); basal joints of labial palpi cylin- drical, the first joint sometimes very elongate or thickened, but still neither flattened nor unlike the following joints.--....---.----- 6 Labium, or tongue, very elongate, slender, and always longer than the mentum; two basal joints of labial palpi very elongate, compressed, valvate, and very unlike the following, which are minute, the third joint uniting with the second a little before its apex. EMA MOISe Ls CWOADICAL SPUES 8 cs a= nin s,s ecisecies cine cwccwsace secs ccce 2 Hind tibize without apical spurs. Sexes three, female, worker, male; workers with corbicule, the female without; maxillary palpi very short, 1-jointed. (rarely indistinctly 2-jointed from a slight constriction); labial palpi 4-jointed, with the joints very unequal, the first two long, valvately compressed. Family I. Apip2. 2. First cubital cell not, or rarely, divided by a delicate, oblique nervure; if at all present, incomplete or indicated by a hyaline streak or nervure; sexes two; female and male; hind tibise in female convex or rounded, never concave; no corbicul; basal joint of hind tarsi in female not forcipate at base; malar space except in the Psithyridx, wanting or INGISINCMEVER VCLYOIAIOC coon eta 12 POPP UM METI Calis s rps aats teeta arsra to tela a 12 OP DMES ates ns ea hina eet eke ee cise 20 JO PDOCCLAS rapier sn eawne or cise seme sae sie 39, 40 K, ISSR a peepee toe stot searee i eat siesta lata oteisicistarerera cle 107 Mal tena Chil dees sesateteicieere ra ccleraisersie mae 42 L. Nea CI teres sys aeraine aia a ateaeteicinia alse ia canta aan 48 MapeninwvEripe Mss eso. se eS cesses as 48 a iMeerroee mele canine aialale Siam cles 1c ais crore 152 MalbROCTONUSHete=sssc 2s see eclectic 2 oe alemee 68 Mag PrOMyCMUSensseee noses: secsc cee eee cea 89 MHA DOSS Vide aoe esas somes eck ie =o sele cisiniee ae 70 Labrossytus (= Labrossyta) .........--.----- 70 Laccophrys (= Cenocoelius) .....--..------- 120 NORE PGCLUS ee ciecie sisisicin's sim eleRiaeerecieias mse a= 72 ASANO US) resins eis ele oe an la/=annalnn ae eelae eee 72 Lagarotus (= Lagarotis) ...-....-....-.----- 72 AOAMACHUS oe ease essa eee en sense aeeseee same ae WeaMPTON OAs sees seis = iat epee'= ni ee 50 MAD OY CLES eases see sonore ee iniaie eo sinters ea 89 Heap WV LOSCOPUN ae ela cassia ataiannta ats ate ladeye ayr=l= 65 ira LO Mere nerse seise esl oa lence ielweinie= inicio 97 WAASTOP MOTUS oe mae saeco misteleininele'= ella 152 THISLODS (—"ATENELTA) <1 a a1- bSccesceer secs c scene eee onl 58 DyMeonastoscees tae sce eee ass ache ene 34 VSIA eae ccsee este eer eae re me 33 Ivsiognathaeecsseee snes e se eee eeeeeee 104 Lysiognathine, Subfamily I...-.-.-:..-...-- 104 TY SIpHle Hus) ssc.cc scetacreno ke tases seca meee te 114 Sy SIGERMUS = os. see een eee oe eee 151 TVGACLA: Aas saa. soe ach eindee se eet eae 134 Moytarmes <2ccsacee dence os ae ee ee ere 53 Mytopylus’.2 s-.cteccce esse seston creates 141 M. Macrocentrine, Subfamily V......----- See ery Macrocentrini; Dribew-2) 20) -c.--se=eoe eee 118 Macrocentroidz, Wamily <. ©: : 422... -- 2-02-46 117 WMACTOCERITUS cs itac fats hice cin eee apres 118 Maicrochasmus”-228sceaseeesee soe ae eee eae 101 Macrocoleus (= Coleocentrus) .--.-..------- 47 Macrocryptus (= Xylophrurus).........---- 62 MaerogyCulliMliss= ced sccene se oe asc eee 138 Macropasten sess. ssesnesas- seis se asioneeee 38 MACTOJOP Paes sassecceesc cma se ase 13 MOACrGPOLPUs\(=—OTEUUS)sasnas assesses 123 Macrus (= Coleocentrus)|2a-s-2422-2----- == 47 MizerOphOrec ss seacsassesese chee ep aa se kee 62 MANSS) sci2 oSeames came csee cin seee mecca oe eee 41 Mastrus se osscerecss seeree Cn ee 34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Page Matara : 22 eesti te Sele eer es 152 MS VeSia, soe eo ooeaas usa ee wee ener ae 24 Mecocryptus (=Demopheles).....-.......~- 31 Medophrom t¥- 22.22 ehae seem Cnc aee een 31 Meparathiss.<2.7.22sn cote ee ee eee 128 IM@ralyrat yh. asccane ese alae ete. See 150 Meg alyride WOM yas seo eee pee 149 | Meraplectés aces J. cccc se ee ee eee eens 40 Mies a prOChuss same eee aaa ee eee oe eee 137. IMG Past ys! =n a5 ee ao teerer cee ane 102 Megischis (= Stephanus) ieee ase ee eee 150 Melanobracow tik itscsenee oe eee eee 138 MelanichnewmOn\oeeso2eera=ne ae eee A, MeélobOris2tss-35 3 aco ss eee 95 Meniscus). 292 oneech cee eeu ae ees 51 Mering opus! Ase 5 os.0 se een ee 41 Mesochorini; Dribes VIE en. sas. 5-5 eee 97 Mesochoroide. bamiliynns sac2 snes 97 MesoChorus!: .<2 =cck ce auac meee aeons 98 Mesoelistus at: t e242 See eta oe eee 47 IMeSOCrina: West G es ntncd ese eee 106 Mesocryptus (= Holeostizus).......-...----- 61 | Mesoleius? Jc: ste ceteactisde ans a tear vi. Mesoleptinisiribe ll, $024.22 sesenae eee eee 64 Mesolentoids, Kamilys 9222245 ses cee eee eee 64 Mesoleptus ....... Se Rath sonra eee ee 66 Mesoratats 2 s252 ee che tecs: eae eee 109 Mesosteminiainibe Will ase e eae ae 44 Mesostenus:-2oseceen ic. c nos eee aeons 44 Meésostenoideus:2-..2e,s2e< see ee eee eee 45 Mesotages' 4.25. (eerie seh ie eee eee 134 Mesothesis¢25 saa: accede ceclacueeneee tees 106 Metacoelusicss ss nac= ae aes = eee 81 Metarhyssa2-.2 22-8 42 eee eee 40 Meteorid ean: . Sassen sesins cae ae eee 129 Meteorins, Subfamily [Vice2.=-22--sce-- cee ii MeEleOrUuSs! <2 c2sic dees sen eee teeneee eoeea ees 1174 Metopiini; Dribe Xs 22eo eee eae eenee ee 83 Metoniord se Wann yeaa eee eee 83 Mietoplus! 8s. 25 ..sanee sear oe eeaee ees 83 Meyvaiet =) ices Saccces oe see soe eens 52 IMGT CRO DYE C OW = re rote erete tate == te ae ila ole oi 139 Microcry pts ---2-- see. eee eee eee 28, 29° Microctonusis.cede-t Sota ee 116 Microctonus Forster (= Perilitus)......-.--- 116 Microdini, Tribe il 2-22-.-seeseee se eee ees 128 Microdromus (= Diadromus) ..-....--------- 23% IMicrodus'S% 2<- i sesscese ace Dee tee 1297 Microgaster 2: czas 2 ese ne= seeeee 132 — Microgasterinz, Subfamily XII........-..-- 130 | Microgasteroidz, Hamily 2.224. 2-seaes 130 Microjoppal(—JDOppal) ee eecaas eae 138 Microleptes as... ees ane ee a eee ees 152 — Micromonadons se oese so oe ees eee eee 29 GOD Giese eee eae eee ae 23 Micro plee trons saaaee ates alee eee ee vee 67 Microplexivesss.2s os sess e oceans 33 Microplitis .2253.soo- tacos se sacs eases eee 132% MiICYOSaree ase ace esos saacises cesar 159 MiCnOtOrus! .: 22.82 {22s s2 dense - 24.52 5-22 PIN YS EATEN ra a eee 61 MicrotypUS!-s.csccsscsse naa coecae ae ene 118 Moma (= Polyelistus) 2 =sca- 2-4 s=-e === 81_ MiaGOlUS 42-222 eee Send cee see eee ee 147 Miomeris! 222 acco Gece Seen ee eee 102 Mirax:.2lie aio. See. 2 tase sens ae ae eee 131. Misaphidius (= Adialytus) ...........-..--- 141) | ICHNEUMON FLIES—ASHMEAD. 915 Page. Page. Mischophorus (= Eurylabus).............--- 19 | Odontopsis (=Gravenhorstia) .............. 86 RUMRSE MUS apart rain we Sate a ecctesie wasoesasck emiernals sine Ze lOCONLOSCHDUS, oo = cc ca-aue co caceen cece cesne 137 BEMINSOPN EN OLA=;. 5 <5 a (s,a.=\s1aels 2) 210) cninierei< sansrioe tees 86 PIM AUS ey Ss-ioclacee ees ee ee 130 Podogaster Soin. csnsdweet nec ae ane ioeeis 925 Peeciloj op patente se ee ee 13 Poecilostichus)..622.254-c5--8- oe ee 23 POM CNIA <2... 52 \52 see me oe ee ae 62 IPOlOMON. J .<2 4 os hose ee eae 109 Poly.wmma (= Echthromorpha, male)....--- 57 Poly@nenss. 2.2522 Pe aoet aa cee ee nee 45 POlyaulon: 2. 22. ase oie eee 102 Polyblastus!< 2. /.: 2. 2.5-2-.es- eae eee eee eee 66 Symphiya: 52: 52:-Cebe acecee eee putea eeas 108 Symphylus <.2..2:¢ccease2 ccs See ee eee 102 Symplecis: - 2.5. vests. cose Ghee see ee 91,101 Sympratisy: =... ee sae eee 89 SyNaemayssecs ss oae5-ta ee one eee noon 101 SyNaprypnus - oS. scee ane ee 71 Synaldisoi2 tecsoee aes see eeee gees «oe eee 107 SYNCIASIS J asccceeehe wees oe Seek cee ee 107 Symdipnusis<. Syeoacs: ee ae eneeee eee eee eee 74 Symeches 32. <222-22s55- 2-2 sssces oe sceeeeee 32 Synelix..\2 2c. costes deeds tienes se aseaenee 110 Symetaerisi-ts 2.5. aoe ea eee 94 Syngaster(—Doryctes)o-.--2-- =a eee 145 SYMOGI eS sna setae cece cemesece no See ees as es 76 Synodus (=Heterospelus)) ~~. 2222-22-22. =. 148 Synodytes, (=Synodites) 52252252222 5. ee= = 76 SYN OCCEURS! <-ee e aoe se eee eae 71 Synomelix 4243-2652 athe pec eee eee eee 73 Synoplus' 2.2260 ss5 62st Sasso eee soe ese 79 Synopsis of, families of, Hymenopterous... 191 Syntechs. cc --se- o-oo eee cece eee eee 75 Syntretus (—Miecroctonus) ......--.-----.-<. 116 Syrphoctonus* 2c. cassncece ee eees aes 78 Syarbizusg|.. 55-25 -8-ooateee eee eee sees 124 syceucta (=Syzeuctus)|s =... cee =sss eee ae 51 SY ZCUCUUS sa aS 5 oe ore eee arrestee eee 51 aes Tachyporthus).- 2-32. secrete ce = ee 75 TANY Calpaactss 5248-2 2ee ose eee 105 Tanystropha -i2s: 6. -n2 5 eocce ene nee 110 Tap Seuss. 52 ? turns vivid wine red, and spins a dense, oval, yellowish grey cocoon 250 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. in a slight fold on leaf. The average cocoon measures 7 by 4mm. The pupa is at first white, with black eyes, part of which the enlarged first antennal joint covers; the antennz reach far beyond anal tip. On the front of the head is a stout, sharp, brown spine, used to eut the cocoon when the imago issues. When mature the pupa assumes the coloration of the imago. The pupa stage lasted in a warm room about three weeks. The pupa shell is left protruding from the cocoon. Position of imago at rest like that of Gracilaria, but with antennz porrected obliquely in front. EUCOSMOPHORA, Walsingham. EUCOSMOPHORA SIDEROXYLONELLA, new species. Antenne }, simple, basal joint without pecten, dark fuscous at base with a cupreous sheen. At rest, porrected straight in front of the insect. Labial palpi long, smooth; third joint as long as second, in the living insect recurved, overarching the vertex, kept rather far from face; in dead specimen laterally divergent. Color bright golden. Maxillary palpi small but distinct, golden. Eyes in the living insect brilliant coral red. Head and thorax smooth, shining metallic golden. Forewings bright metallic golden with cupreous reflections. Seen under a lens the basal and apical part of the wing is pure gold, the intervening space coppery, but the reflections are so strong on both colors that the entire wing sometimes appears all gold, while in other lights the cupreous predominates. From the base is an elongated, costal, black streak, extending nearly one-fourth of the wing and inter- rupted before the middle by two golden dots. About the middle of — the wing is another elongated, narrow, subcostal black streak with bright metallic blue reflections. Opposite it, on the dorsal edge, begins a third elongated black streak, extending obliquely wpward and outward nearly to the costal margin, and from there to apex. The portion of the wing below and outside this line is in some lights dusky black with bright golden streaks, but in other lights the black is obliterated by the strong golden reflections. Cilia and hindwings dark grey, with bronze reflections. Abdomen dark fuscous, with bronzy reflections. Legs golden; posterior tibie clothed with rather short, stiff, spiny hairs above; middle tibize smooth; underside of body silvery white. Alar expanse, 8 mm. Described from a single specimen, bred February 27, 1900, from mastic (Szderorylon pallidum) collected at Palm Beach, Florida, by Dr. Dyar. Type.—No. 4960, U.S.N.M. Tam not acquainted with this genus except through Lord Walsing- ham’s description, but I have little doubt that this species belongs to NO. 1208. NEW SPECIES OF TINEID MOTHS—BUSCK. Oa. it, although the single specimen does not allow a thorough examination of the venation. It is a splendid, shining little insect, which ** ought” to go in the genus Eucosmophora (who carries a beautiful ornament). It seems very near /. dives Walsingham, but there is no trace of any white costal spot, nor any white at all on the forewing, as is the case with £. dives. The larva is cylindrical, with 14 legs, yellow, with darker yellow head and brown mandibles. It mines the upper side of young leaves of Sideroxylon, at the same time drawing the leaf longitudinally into a roll or fold, which covers up the mine out of sight. GRACILARIA Haworth. GRACILARIA BURSERELLA, new species. Antenne longer than forewing, purplish gray, becoming gradually lighter outward, silvery white at tip. Labial palpi white on the out- side with purple shadings and tip of terminal joint black. Maxillary palpi moderate, porrected, white. Face white. Head and thorax yel- lowish brown with strong purple reflections; forewing brown with strong purple reflections; along costa a shade lighter, more yellowish. Small irregular black dots all over the wing; just before tip an indis- tinct narrow, black fascia; cilia dark gray. Hindwing dark purplish gray. Cilia lighter. Abdomen dark purple, underside white, speckled with purple, legs white with brown shadings; tuft on middle tibia dark purplish brown. Alar expanse, 9.6 and 10.4 mm. Described from two males, bred February 21, 1900, from Bursera gunmifera, ** gumbo-limbo,” collected by Dr. Dyar at Palm Beach, Florida. Type.—No. 4961, U.S.N.M. Larva is cylindrical, yellow, without markings; 14 feet. At first it makes a small triangular mine between midrib and another rib on under- side of the leaf. Afterwards it folds the edge of the leaf downward. The species is quite near to G. w/olacella Clemens. GRACILARIA SEBASTIANIELLA, new species. Antenne longer than forewing, shining fuscous. Labial palpi whitish with tips fuscous. Maxillary palpi white. Face whitish. Head and thorax yellowish. Forewing yellowish fuscous; from costa at basal third, directed obliquely inward, is a narrow white fascia; at middle of the wing is a dorsal white streak, parallel with the fascia and reaching to the fold. At apical third of the wing is a costal whitish streak, perpendicular to the dorsal streak and also reaching the fold. Extreme tip of wing and the adjoining cilia white with a black dot on apex. All of these white markings are strongly margined 252 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII, internally with black. Atapical fourth, between the last costal streak and apex, is an oval black spot with the center white and the entire costal edge is slightly mottled with black. Cilia dark fuscous with a whitish line parallel with the dorsal edge. Hindwings and cilia dark gray. Abdomen dark fuscous, anal tuft yellowish. Legs silvery yellow; tarsi with black annulations. Alar expanse, 7.6 to 8.4 mm. Described from 3 specimens, bred from Schastiania lucida, collected by Dr. Dyar at Palm Beach, Florida. Type.—No. 4962, U.S.N.M. Larva makes a brown, irregular, elongated upper blotchmine, with the upper epidermis drawn into a longitudinal ridge. It leaves the mine and spins its white cocoon in a sharp fold at the edge of the leaf. PE MEE OGCG NTS iat SeZ eller: Of the American species placed under this genus P. ampelopsiella Chambers, //r/odendronella Clemens, populiella Chambers, vitifoliella Chambers, atigenella Clemens, and liguidamberisella Chambers all conform well with the definition of that genus. So does P. magnolia- ella Chambers, the imago of which has never been described, but which I have bred and found to be a distinct species. P. smilacisella Chambers is known only from the mine, and is unknown to me except from description. The imago of P. erechtitisella Chambers has never been described, but I have bred a large series of it from Frechtites hieracifolia. 1 have also a large series of P. énsignis Frey and Boll bred from Senecia aureus. ‘The mines of both are among the earliest found in spring, and several generations are produced during summer until late fall. The insects overwinter as imago like the other species of the genus. Living material of both is now before me, and I am unable to find any difference between them in any stage. Frey’s name must stand. Dr. Edward Meyrick, of England, has kindly called my attention to the fact, that this species is not a true Phyllocnistis, according to the present definition of that genus. PP. znsignis has the antenne some- what longer than the forewings instead of somewhat shorter, and the basal joint is in no way dilated into an eyecap. Frey says about his type of this species: ‘‘ Wir glauben iiber die generishe Stellung des reizenden Thierchens uns nicht zu taiischen,” and gets out of the difficulty by stating: ‘* Fiihler defect.” Otherwise, in venation, characters of the palpi, head and posterior legs, it agrees perfectly with Phylloenistis and the general pattern of the wings is also much like this genus. As the early stages and the work and habits of this species are also identical with those of the genus, I should propose to widen the defi- nition of Phyllocnitis rather than to erect a new genus, the more so BBE ison as NO. 1208. _ NEW SPECIES OF TINEID MOTHS—BUSCK. 253 on account of the following newly discovered Florida species, which is an intermediate form. It has the antenne shorter than the forewing and has a slight indi- cation of an eyecap; also in coloration it comes between the ‘‘red” immsignis and the ** white” undoubted Phyllocnistis group, although it is nearest to the former. PHYLLOCNISTIS INTERMEDIELLA, new species. Antenne nearly as long as forewing, silvery yellow, basal joint slightly enlarged and flattened. Labial palpi silvery white, pointed, drooping. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Head and thorax light silvery gray, anterior wing, basal two-thirds silvery gray, somewhat lighter than in P. ¢nsignis Frey and Boll, but not the pure white as in the grape-feeding species. In the costal part of the wing, beginning at base and reaching to the apical third of the wing is a sharply defined, light-golden, spindle-shaped streak, nearest to the costal margin at base of wing, nearest to the fold at apical third. The first part of apical third of the wing is evenly overlaid with dark gray, then follows a large oval bright orange-colored black- centered spot, and just at apex is a large deep black dot emitting into the white cilia five black streaks, three into the costal and two into the dorsal part. The cilia is very long, dorsal and costal part about equally developed, and it has besides these five black streaks one more costal, directed toward the base of wing, and in the dorsal part is a dark fus- cous streak, parallel with the dorsal margin. Hindwing dark gray; cilia 5, silvery white. Abdomen above dark fuscous, below silvery white. Legs silvery white, last joint of tarsi black. Posterior tibiz with long stiff bristles above. Alar expanse, 4.2 mm. Type.—No. 5189, U.S.N.M. Bred during early February from leaves of Mastic, S/derorylon (Masticodendron) pallidum, collected by Dr. Dyar, at Palm Beach, Florida. The mine is on the underside and of the usual Phylloenitis type; a long, whitish, irregular serpentine just below the epidermis, confined to one side of the leaf, not crossing the main rib. Total linear length of an average mine about 10 inches; ending at the edge of the leaf, where a little pucker is made, the leaf slightly drawn, and the cocoon formed within the mine. In a few cases mines were found on the upper side of the leaf. 54 Fig. EXPLANATION OF PLATE I. . Venation of Aristotelia ivae Busck. . Venation of Aproaerema crotolariella Buseck. . Venation of Gnorimoschema terracottella Busck. Venation of Didactylota snellenella Walsingham. Venation of Nealyda pisoniae Busck. Venation of Anacampsis lagunculariella Buseck. . Venation of Trichotaphe melantherella Busck. . Venation of Depressaria amyrisella Busck. . Venation of Blastobasis guilandine Busck. . Venation of Homaledra heptathalama Busck. . Gallery of Homaledra heptathalama Busck (natural size). 2. Venation of Podiasa chiococcella Busck. . Venation of Metriochroa psychotriella Busck. . Venation of Marmara salictella Clemens. . Venation of Chilocampila dyariella Busck. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Png Rew t Me hy fe Sc A a Nc I al ld i a a ha ie en al ei reset a la a iy alls Mate BB sas UL. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXIII. PL. | VENATION OF TINEID MOTHS. FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 254. LIFE HISTORIES OF SOME NORTH AMERICAN MOTHS. By Harrison G. Dyar, Pu. D., Custodian, Section of Lepidoptera. The following early stages of some North American Lepidoptera have been recently observed. With a few exceptions the full life his tory of each is given. CAUTETHIA GROTEI Henry Edwards. figg.—Slightly elliptical, well rounded, not flattened, resting on -the leaf only narrowly; shining bright green, minutely shagreened, but also with obscure, linear, rather small reticulations. Size 1.2 by 1.1 by 0.9mm. Laid singly on the back of leaf. Stage [.—Head rounded, clypeus reaching to the middle of the front; pale ochraceous greenish, mouth darker; not shining; width 0.5 mm. Body cylindrical, normal, joint 12 squarish with a long (1.5 mm.) erect horn, bearing setz i on the vertex and finely setose. Seoments finely, weakly 8-annulate, shining, punctate with pale dots. Translucent yellowish, green from the food. Horn brown-black, stained with red around the base. Tubercle i is on the third annulet, li on the sixth, iii on the fourth, iv a little posteriorly, on the fourth, substigmatically, v very anterior on the first annulet and higher than tubercle iv; two sete on the leg shield. Sete fine, stiff, straight, not swollen, i to iii dark brown, iv and v pale. Shields and 9 9 3 plates concolorous, uncornified. Stage [/1.—Head round, soft green, ocelli black; width 0.8 mm. Body same soft green, covered with fine, secondary, pale granules; obscurely 8-annulate. A faint, pale, subdorsal line. Horn long, brown-black, setose, stained with red around the base, this color run- ning a little up the dorsal line. Body pilose; feet pale, thoracic feet reddish at tips. Stage I/7.—Head squarish, rounded, clypeus broad, not reaching the middle of the front; soft green with secondary white granules; PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MuSEuM, VOL. XXIII—No. 1209. 255 256 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. width 1.2mm. Body cylindrical, segments S-annulate, uniform; anal feet large, the foot plates pointed behind. Horn long, luteous, red- dish at base and tip, pilose and with large apical sete (tubercles i). Body densely pale granular, without lines, light green. Spiracles concolorous. Stage 1V.—Head as before; width 1.7mm. Horn green, reddish at ti and with a brown streak above at base, with sparse, short, black hairs. Apical sete still distinguishable. Body light green, pale erenular, minutely pilose. Spiracle of joint 5 black, the rest pale brown. Feet green; no lines, no shields. Horn 4mm. long. Seg- ments uniform, all of equal thickness; subventral fold rather distinct; 8 annulate. : Stage V.—Described by me some years ago in another place.* Food plant.—The larve- were occasionally met with on the Chio- cocca racemosa at Palm b ach, Florida. AMPHONYX ANTZEZUS Drury. A newly hatched larva of this fine Sphinx occurred to me at Palm Beach, Florida, in February, on the custard apple (Anona laurifolia). It was bred in Washington, D. C., the food plant being supplied to me by Mr. F. Kinzel. The moth emerged in July. Fgqg.—Elliptical, shghtly flattened above and below, rounded, nor- mal; shell white, thin, « nsely granular shagreened; probably green before hatching; siz $.4 vy 2 by 1.8 mm. Stage I.—Head ro id. free from joint 2, slightly bilobed; clypeus small, weakly shield shaved; yellowish green, ocelli black, labrum white; width 1mm. Be .y cylindrical, equal, incisures not depressed, joint 12 a little enlarged, with a long (3.7 mm.), stout, nutant horn, straight, directed obliquely backward; anal plate large, triangular, with a stout, erect horn (0.5 mm.) each side of the middle, between which the horn of joint 12 fits when depressed. Segments very finely annulate, horn subsegmented, shortly furcate, pilose, but minutely so. Pale green, the folded incisures more yellowish; horn black, reddish about the base. Sete slender, rather long, with minutely enlarged tips, pale and obscure, normal, i dorsad to ii, v above iv and anterior, a seta on the leg base. Tubercles imperceptible. Stage [/.—Head flat before, highly conical, the lobes produced into short cones which are closely approximate and contiguous, pointing obliquely forward; clypeus small. Pale green, shagreened, not gran- ular, a faint brown line on the face of the lobe, more distinct as it reaches the vertical cone; mouth whitish, ocelli partly black; a dark shade on the median suture behind the vertex where the head rises above joint 2; width 1.6mm. Body cylindrical, 8-annulate, minutely pilose, granular; horn long (5.5 mm.) and thick, with fureate tip, 1Psyche, VII, p. 385. No. 1209. LIFE HISTORIES OF AMERICAN MOTHS—DYAR. DK irregular, rather sparsely spinose. Yellow green, greener dorsally; horn pale red brown toward the base, especially at the sides and at tip; a black line outwardly on thoracic -feet; anal flap triangular, nearly reaching the end of the anal foot plates, which are rounded triangular; spiracles pale ocherous. Subdorsal horns of anal plate, short cones; horn depressed obliquely and touching the leaf stem far behind the larva. Later the sides are obliquely shaded, but the ¢nly true lines that appear are the oblique on 12 to 10 and the longitudinal subdorsal on the thorax. The body fills out posteriorly, joints 2 te 4 being smaller than the rest and tapering to the large head. Stage I[/I.—Head highly triangular, the doubly pointed apex curving in front, making the flattened face look concave; green, sides a shade darker, a pale line from the ocelli to vertex. Sparsely granu- lar, subspinose in front before the apex, tip: of lobes yellowish, with a faint line down the back of each, of same ec or; width 2.5, height 4.5 mm. Body robust, small before; horn largs (8 mm.) and very thick, slightly arcuate backward, extended nearly longitudinally. Green, with distinct elevated pale-yellow granules; faint subdorsal and sub- ventral yellow lines on thorax and an oblique on joints 12 to 10. Shaded faintly with whitish, leaving a darker dorsal and faint oblique shades on joints 5 to 11. Spiracles brown, paler at top and bottom. Horn densely spinose, with thick, conical, irregular tubercles, black on the dorsal (anterior) half, greenish yello’ below, but the tips of the spines black. Abdominal feet green; iqracic ones black out- wardly. Anal shields green, black punctur: da slight, pale tubercle representing the former subdorsal horn. Anal flap rounded triangular. Stage [V.—Head shaped as before, held pbliquely so that the ver- tex points forward and the back of the head s ievel with the dorsum; green, sparsely granular, subspinulose toward the horn-like apex; two whitish lines on the side of each lobe and one on the back, running to the vertex; width 4 mm. Body robust, smaller before, annulate, sparsely yellow granular, the granules pilose and also considerable pile between them without basal granules. Green, dorsal line darker, olivaceous, without granules; an oblique yellow stripe from the horn to joint 10, the faint whitish lateral clouding shaded obliquely darker on joints 5 to 9. Anal plates triangular, smooth, punctate with dull ocherous. Spiracles brown, yellow at top and bottom and in a narrow vertical central line. Horn very large and thick, coarsely, densely, conically spinose, olivaceous yellowish below. Abdominal feet green; thoracic ones black, with coarse pale granules, the basal joint black only in an outward stripe. Later the dorsal band becomes purplish, especially on joints 5 to 11, edged with paler. Stage V.—Head highly conical, but without the points of the pre- vious stage; vertex rounded, median suture impressed, clypeus very small, about one-fourth the height of head, vertical membranous tri- angle visible on the back, not reaching halfway to the conical apex; Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii——17 i) 58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VoL. XXII. finely shagreened, also with minute, sparse, smooth granules and a very few secondary hairs toward vertex; green, slightly shining, a very obscure paler band up the anterior angles from ocelli to vertex and a fainter one on occiput from base of vertical triangle; apices of lobes slightly yellowish; jaws black; labrum furcate, brownish; antennze mostly pale; ocelli brown shaded except the upper and lower ones; width 7 mm. Body large, robust, smaller before; anal plates large and thick; joint 12 enlarged dorsally with an enormous thick club-like horn, studded thickly with cones, the end rounded, not pointed. Segments 8-annulate, the ordinary granules minute, but the sparse ones distinct and pale with rather long and distinct brown sec- ondary hairs, perfectly visible withouta lens. Green, a dorsal vascular line shading into purple, bordered with yellowish posteriorly (joints 6 to 10), the lateral obliques very faint dark shades, lighter edged, except the one on joints 12-10, which is a very distinct, broad, white line edged with dark green before. Horn olivaceous lilac above, the studding cones pale ocherous with brown tips. The three anal plates are rounded triangular, green, covered with large slightly elevated yellowish brown granules, faintly circled with yellow. Other abdom- inal feet green, the claspers black; thoracic ones yellowish white, streaked and spotted with black, with a few small whitish granules. Spiracles large, dark brown, shading paler above and below, with a central vertical white line. Later the horn became dark violet above, the dorsal stripe violet, broad and distinct, narrowing anteriorly to obsolescence. The larva entered ground and formed a cell in the earth. EUPSEUDOSOMA INVOLUTUM Sepp. Phalena involuta Sepp, Surin. Vlinders, III, 1852, pl. cxyv. Charidea (?) nivea Herricn-ScHarrer, Ausser. Schmett., fig. 279, 1855. Halisidota nivea WALKER, Cat. Brit. Mus., XX XI, 1864, p. 308. Tupseudosoma niveum Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., V, 1865, p. 240. Eupseudosoma involutum Krrsy, Cat. Lep. Het., I, 1892, p. 205.—Drucr, Biol. Cent.-Am., Lep. Het., II, 1897, p. 391. Variety FLORIDUM Grote. Eupseudosoma floridum Grorr, Can. Ent., XIV, 1882, p. 187.—Smirn, List. Lep. Bor. Am., XX VI, 1891.—Kirsy, Cat. Lep. Het., I, 1892, p. 205.—NrumMoGEN and Dyar, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., I, 1898, p. 174. Euchetes immaculata GRAEF, Ent. Amer., III, 1887, p. 42. The variety floridum lacks the blackish bars that occur on the discal and submedian folds of the fore wings of the typical form. It occurs exclusively in southern Florida. The larva resembles that described and figured by Sepp, but the food plants which I observed were dif- ferent. Sepp states that his larve were found on guava (Psidium pyriferum); mine were found only on the wild species of Eugenia. The moth has been placed in the Arctiidae, and Sir George Hampson, in his recent monograph of the Syntomide, omits the genus, thereby No. 1209. LIFE HISTORIES OF AMERICAN MOTHS—DYAR. 259 confirming the reference. However, the larva is an unequivocal Syntomid, showing the typical structure. The moths of the Syn- tomide and Arctiidee are separated only by the absence of vein 8 of the hind wings in the former. Hampson does not use this character absolutely, for he includes Eucereon in the Syntomidx, though some of the species have a rudimentary vein 8 present, and he excludes Halisidota, though some species have vein 8 nearly absent. The larval characters confirm both of these references, but not so with Eupseudosoma. In the latter genus the female has vein 8 entirely absent; the male has a short vein, not reaching the costa. Even on these characters Eupseudosoma might well be included in the Syn- tomide; but when we consider that the subcostal vein in the male is probably secondary, merely a brace for the large costal lobe, it ren- ders the reference more likely. The larva presents during ontogeny the usual gradual appearance and disappearance of characters adapted to its habits at its different stages. But there is one very unusual feature, which is worthy of special mention. The head is immaculate in all stages but one—the penultimate. Then it assumes a large and peculiar marking. ‘This would not be remarkable if it appeared in the last stage, but to sud- denly appear for one stage only and then completely disappear is unique in my experience. It may be noted that the mark is normal in the Syntomide, being present in all stages of Lymire edwardsi, showing in Ctnucha virginica and indicated in Scepsis fulvicollis; bat the cause of its sudden appearance in one stage of Hipseudosoma floridum is far from clear. The general appearance of the rest of the larva does not change while the head is undergoing its transformation, and the head is not conspicuous, being more or less concealed by the hair. The mark was constant in all my 20 larvee. Fgg.—Slightly more than hemispherical, base flat, apex very slightly produced, suggesting the conoidal shape; clear yellowish green with amber lights about the edges, later opaque whitish green; reticulations small, regular, rounded hexagonal, slightly raised, smaller just around the micropyle, forming a ring of small cells with one central one; micropyle eccentric, a little to one side of the vertex of the egg; diameter, 1.1 mm.; height, 0.5 mm. Laid several together or in a mass on the back of a leaf, not touching, often rather remote and scattering. Stage [.—Head rounded squarish, slightly bilobed, clypeus high, the paraclypeal pieces nearly reaching the vertex; free from pro- thorax; antennsze moderate; primary sete short, black, distinct; 1 and ii rather near the vertex, ili at the middle of the lobe, iv close to ocelli, three behind the circle of ocelli (one inclosed), two below, rather approximate above the antenna. Colorless, a yellow patch showing from within by transparency; jaws, brown; ocelli, black; width, 0.45 mm. Body arctiiform with large tubercles and thick 260 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXII. spinulose white hairs. Segments short, contracted, the incisures dis- tinct; no shields. Tubercles ia++-ib-+iia on joints 3 and 4, distinctly united on a flattened, somewhat fan-shaped wart; iib small, remote, posterior; iv large; vi dark. On the abdomen tubercle i small, dark; iy stigmatal, posterior, rather small; v larger. Sete single, no subprimaries. Body a little flattened, the lateral tubercles, espe- cially of joints 8 and 4, a little prominent. Translucent whitish, tubercles ii and iii on joints 11, 12, and 13 anteriorly dark ocherous. Hairs white; legs colorless; the anal feet divergent. On eating, the larve became green from the food, the ocherous tubercles faded to a dull color, joint 2 became contracted, and joints 3 and 4 hunched up. Stage I/.—Head flat before, rather strongly bilobed, colorless, mouth brown; width, 0.65 mm. Body a little flattened, joints 3 to 5 largest, joint 2 retracted and weak, joint 13 small. Warts moderate, spherical, with rather dense, white, stiff, spinulose hairs, those of joints 8and 4 the longest, very few on joint 2, the shield obsolete; prespiracular and subventral warts present, slender, produced. On joints 3and 4 one wart above the stigmatal wart, discrete, round, produced. . On the abdomen wart i small, ii large, iii small, iv about the same size, vy small, vi larger on the somewhat produced sub- ventral fold. No anal plate, but warts on the flap. Feet rather slender, pale, with colorless plates. Liuteous whitish, the sides washed with pale vinous; deeper vinous about the subdorsal tubercles of joints 3and 4 and below ii and iii of joints 5, 6, and 10; on 11 to 13 this color is more distinct, forming streaks running downward and for- ward from wart ii, on joints 12 and 13 changing from vinous to dull orange red. Skin smooth, not shining. Stage [1/,—Head squarish bilobed, clypeus rather high, faintly luteous, a vinous spot within at apex of paraclypeal pieces; ocelli black, jaws only faintly brown; width, 0.9mm. Warts rounded, produced, colorless, except the subdorsal ones of joints 3 and 4, which are vinous tinged, and ii of 12 and 13, which are orange. Wart 1 small, li and iii large, iv and vy small, vi large, produced. Color as before, but the vinous shading covers the dorsum on joints 3 to 10. Stage [1V.—Head rounded, slightly bilobed, clypeus reaching half way to vertex; pale testaceous, jaws black at tip; ocelli black, five in a semicircle and one below behind the antenna. Body short and thick, pale testaceous, vinous tinged, especially in dark, oblique streaks over warts ii and iii on joints 11 to 13. Warts rounded, elevated, color- less. Hair dense, stiff, flesh colored with black tips, barbuled. A diffuse black dorsal patch on joint 5, the hair from tubercle i and part of ii short and black. = Sp Sint ak Section Psammacoma s. s. Sinus free, gibbous, short. Type, Macoma candida (Lamarck'), Bertin. Section Cydippina Dall, 1900. Sinus partly coalescent below, elongated. Type, Jlacoma brevifrons Say. Section Psammotreta Dall, 1900. Type, Zellina aurora Hanley. Like Psammacoma, but shorter, with the resilium internal, shorter than and partly separated from the ligament. ‘This section bears to Psammacoma «a relation similar to that which Serobiculina does to Angulus in the genus Zellina. ATO POOLS 203-0 ORS NGO 2 2] > 'This is the Tvllina galathea Hanley, not Lamarck, according to Bertin, and the — Tellina sericina Jonas, 1844. no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDA—DALL. 293 SPECIES OF THE EASTERN COAST OF NORTH AMERICA. Genus TELLINA (Linneus). TELLINA INTERRUPTA Wood, 1815. Cape Lookout, North Carolina, south to Brazil; Bermuda. Tellina maculosa Lamarck, 1818; Zellina antoni Philippi, 1844, and Telina mexicana Petit, 1841, are synonyms. The latter name has been retained in a varietal sense, for the more slender aspects of the species. TELLINA LAVIGATA Linnezus, 1758. Tampa, on the west coast of Florida, Bermuda, and southward. This species is not cited from Cuba by Arango, herce its range seems in need of elucidation. Ze/lina levis Krebs, not of Rumphius, seems to be the only synonym. TELLINA LINEATA Turton, 1819. St. Augustine, Florida, south to Brazil. Telina brasiliana Lamarck, 1818, not Spengler, 1798, Zellina stri- ata Montagu, 1803, not Chemnitz, Ze/lina tenuis Conrad, 1834, and Tellina decussatula C. B. Adams, 1845 are synonyms. The hinge is that of Hurytellina, but the other characters are more like the typical section of the genus. TELLINA (LIOTELLINA) RADIATA Linnezus, 1758. Charleston, South Carolina, south to the West Indies; Bermuda. This is variable in color markings, 7elina nivea Wood, 1815, and Tellina unimaculata Lamarck, 1818, are color varieties. TELLINA (MERISCA) CRYSTALLINA Wood, 1815. Sullivans Island, South Carolina, Mazyck, 1892; St. Thomas, West Indies, Swift; Carthagena, Krebs. Also on the Pacific coast. Tellina schrammé Récluz, 1853, is synonymous. TELLINA (MERISCA) LINTEA Conrad, 1837. Miocene to recent. Coast of North Carolina southward; Mobile Point, Gulf coast (Conrad). TELLINA (MERISCA) AEQUISTRIATA Say, 1824. Miocene (Maryland) to recent. North Carolina coast southward to northern Brazil. Closely resembling the preceding, but more densely sculptured and more elongated. The sinus nearly reaches the anterior adductor, and is wholly confluent below in both species. 294 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. TELLINA (ELLIPTOTELLINA) AMERICANA Dall, 1goo. Off Cape Lookout, North Carolina, in 52 fathoms sand. TELLINA (CYCLOTELLINA) FAUSTA Donovan, 1804. Off shore in about the latitude of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, southward to the West Indies. Commonly referred to Arcopagia, but has the sinus partly confluent below and linked by a linear scar to the anterior adductor sear. Tellina levis Wood, 1815, and Bs remies Born, 1780, not of Linneeus, 1758, are synonyms. TELLINA (EURYTELLINA) ALTERNATA Say, 1822. Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, south to Belize and Samana Bay. There are sometimes traces of the left laterals, but they are usually obsolete. The pink variety may be discriminated from the closely allied Zellina angulosa by the fact that in the former the pallial sinus does not touch the anterior adductor scar. This species is the Ze/lina punicea of Orbigny in part, but not of Born; and the Zéel/ina taylor- zana Sowerby, 1867, was founded on the pink variety. TELLINA (EURYTELLINA) ANGULOSA Gmelin, 1792. Florida Keys and southward to Brazil. Tellina striata (Chemnitz) auct., Tellina laeta Montagu, 1804; Tellina punicea Orbigny, 1853, in part, but not of Born, 1780; Donax mar- tinicensis Lamarck, 1818; Zellina rosacea King, 1830; Tellina hanleyt Deshayes in B. M. but not of Dunker, 1853; Zellina ‘* subradiata Schumacher,” of Arango, 1880, are synonymous. ‘Traces of the left laterals are sometimes present. TELLINA (EURYTELLINA) GEORGIANA Dall, rg00. Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, southward to St. Thomas, West Indies. This is 7ellina var. carolinensis Dall, 1889, not Tellina carolinensis Conrad, 1875. TELLINA (PHYLLODINA) SQUAMIFERA Deshayes, 1854. Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, south to Sombrero, in 22 to 85 fathoms. Erroneously indicated as Chinese by Sowerby and Bertin. TELLINA (MOERELLA) GOULDII Hanley, 1846. Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, southward to Yucatan, in 2 to 50 fathoms. Erroneously referred to the Pacific coast by authors. The sinus touches the anterior adductor sear, and is wholly confluent below. Zellina cuneata Orbigny, 1846, is synonymous. REDS ae eee no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDA—DALL. 295 TELLINA (MOERELLA) MARTINICENSIS Orbigny, 1846. Tampa, Florida, and Antillean fauna. Very similar to the preceding but more strongly sculptured and with the sinus only partly confluent below, and free from the adductor sear. Tellina obtusa Sowerby, 1868, and twmida Sowerby, 1867, are synonymous. TELLINA (ANGULUS) MAGNA Spengler, 1798. Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, south to St. Thomas, the Virgin Islands, and Bermuda. Though so much larger than most of the species, this is a typical Angulus in every particular. TZellina acuta Wood, 1815, and Tellina elliptica Lamarck, 1818, are synonyms. TELLINA (ANGULUS) TENERA Say, 1822. Prince Edward Island, sotith to the Gulf of Mexico. This shell has been called Angulus tener, but Angulus is hardly of generic value. Tellina elucens Mighels, 1844, was probably founded on the young of this species. Zéllina omoia Ravenel, 1875, and Tellina agilis Stimp- son, 1857, are identical. Another species is figured under this name! by Sowerby. TELLINA (ANGULUS) TENELLA Verrill, 1872. Cape Cod, Massachusetts, southward to New York. Angulus modestus Verrill, 1872, not Carpenter, 1864, is synony- mous. ‘The shell referred to this species from Tampa, Florida, by me” appears on further study to be distinct. The name fenel/a has been used earlier in Zel/ina, but I have lost the reference. TELLINA (ANGULUS) TEXANA Dall, rgoo. Corpus Christi Bay, Texas, and Charlotte Harbor, west Florida. TELLINA (ANGULUS) VERSICOLOR (Cozzens) De Kay, 1843. Stratford, Connecticut, west and south to the Antilles and to Santa Caterina, Brazil, in 15 to 50 fathoms. This small shell, with much similarity to 7e/lina tenera, unites radial color markings which recall those of Zéllina variegata Carpenter. Tellina consobrina Orbigny, 1846, is closely allied. TELLINA (ANGULUS) SYBARITICA Dall, 1881. Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, south through the Antilles to Brazil. Variable in color, but recognizable by its solid shell and sharp, fine concentric grooving. nets bea : ; ene 1Conch. Icon., p. xxxiv, fig. 195, 1867. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. No. 37, 1889. 296 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. TELLINA (ANGULUS) POLITA Say, 1822. North Carolina southward to Progreso, Mexico. The internal anterior ray in this species is quite heavy, but not as: distinctly differentiated as in Oudardia. TELLINA (ANGULUS) PAUPERATA Orbigny, 1846. Tampa Bay, Florida, south to Martinique. Polished and apparently smooth, but showing fine concentric sculpture when magnified. TELLINA (ANGULUS) TAMPAENSIS Conrad, 1866. Gulf coasts of the Southeastern United States, from Florida to Texas. The sinus is wholly coalescent below and the internal radii are obso- lete. The lateral tooth separates it from the rather similar J/acoma cerind. TELLINA (ANGULUS) MERA Say, 1834. South Carolina, southward to the Bahamas. This has been wrongly referred by Tryon to the genus Strigi//a. It is smooth or slightly concentrically striated. TELLINA (ANGULUS) PROMERA Dall, r1go0. West Florida, from Tampa Bay south to Curacao, Bermuda. Larger than mera, with fine, sharp distant concentric lamellz (easily worn off) and the sinus approaching the anterior adductor scar more closely, TELLINA (ANGULUS) SIMPLEX Orbigny, 1846. Gulf of Mexico, southward through the Antilles. Dredged in 60 fathoms between the Mississippi Delta and Cedar Keys, Florida. TELLINA (ANGULUS) FLAGELLUM Dall, 1goo. Florida? (Petit). Coast of Brazil near Cape San Roque. Dredged by the U. S. Fish Commission, in 20 fathoms. This closely resembles externally Zellina unifasciata Sowerby, of Port Jackson, Australia, which, however, is a thinner shell without the strong approximate lateral tooth, according to Sowerby. TELLINA (SCISSULA) SIMILIS Sowerby, 1806. Bermuda, Florida, and south to Venezuela. This beautiful shell is better known to American authors by the name of 7. decora Say (1827), but, unfortunately, there seems to be no doubt that Sowerby’s species was founded on a white specimen of Pe ee wRhti’ © ai pees > wat “vib dee Steeles ee Stew oo ot yeea re no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDA—DALL. 297 this species. Philippi’ has figured a specimen under the name of Tdlina tris Say, and for similis Sowerby has figured 7Téelina exilis Lamarck. Hanley” figures decora Say, but his other figures called decora represent some other species. His figure of s/m7/7s represents Tellina decora. TELLINA (SCISSULA) IRIS Say, 1822. North Carolina, south to the Florida Keys. This is not: Ze//ina vis Philippi above referred to. Shells labeled Tedlina exilis Lamarck, from the West Indies, are very close to this species, being generally larger, higher proportionally, and more brightly colored. I should not be surprised if a fuller series than I have access to might unite the two. Zéllina caribwa Orbigny, 1846, is Synonymous. TELLINA (SCISSULA) EXILIS Lamarck, 1818. Antillean fauna (north to Florida Keys?). Very closely related to the preceding species, but has a longer sinus, which touches, or nearly touches, the anterior adductor scar. TELLINA (SCISSULA) CANDEANA Orbigny, 1846. Florida Keys, Bermuda, and the Antilles. More wedge shaped and solid than either of the other species of this group. Genus STRIGILLA Turton: STRIGILLA CARNARIA Linnzus, 1758. Beaufort, North Carolina, south to Brazil. Cardium carneosum Da Costa, 1778, and Strigilla arcolata Menke, 1847, are synonymous. This species is recognizable by the fact that the upper part of the pallial sinus connects the adductor scars. The sculpture is often obsolete on the umbonal angle. STRIGILLA ROMBERGII Méorch, 1853. Florida Keys to Brazil. In this species, almost identical externally with the preceding, the pallial sinus does not reach the anterior adductor scars. STRIGILLA FLEXUOSA Say, 1822. Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, south to Haiti and Guadeloupe. Strigilla mirabilis Philippi, 1841, is synonymous, and the species has been confused with the Strigilla pisiformis Linnzeus. LA bbild., II, 1845. * Thesaurus, 1846, pl. lvi, fig. 27. 298 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIE. STRIGILLA PISIFORMIS (Linnzus), 1758. Florida Keys and Antillean fauna. Cardium discors Montagu, 1806, is probably synonymous. This species is darker, less arcuate ventrally, and with less rude zigzag sculpture than Strigilla fleauosa Say. Strigilla producta Tryon, 1870, is markedly wider and more triangular. S. pisiformis was named Lucina pulchella by C. B, Adams in 1846. Genus TELLIDORA Moreh. TELLIDORA CRISTATA Recluz, 1843. North Carolina south to Trinidad. Also Pliocene. Tellidora lunulata Holmes, 1858, is synonymous. ‘The left valve is the flatter; in Zel/édora burnett Sowerby the reverse is the case. Genus METIS H. and A. Adams. METIS INTASTRIATA (Say), 1827. Florida southward through the Antilles. The name was probably a misprint for ¢nterstriata. Tellina grunert Philippi, 1845, Zellina inornata (Adams fide) Krebs, 1864, not of Hanley, 1844, and 7Zellina lacunosa Bertin (ex parte), 1878, non Chemnitz, are synonymous. The species has been confounded with Macoma constricta Bruguiére by several authors, and with J/etis ephippium Spengler, a Chinese species. Genus MACOMA Leaeh. MACOMA CONSTRICTA (Bruguiére), 1792. New Jersey coast (Wheatley) south to Santa Caterina, Brazil. The sinus usually, but not always, touches the anterior adductor scar; when shorter the right valve usually has it free. Zedlina cayen- nensis Lamarck (as Psammobdia), 1818, Tellina lateralis Say, 1827, and Tellina mornata Adams are synonymous, and probably TZéellina suensona (Moérch manuscript) Deshayes, 1854. MACOMA KRAUSEI Dall, 1goo. Spitsbergen, Greenland, and Bering Sea. MACOMA BALTHICA (Linnzus), 1758. Arctic and boreal seas generally, and in cool water southward to Georgia and the Mediterranean. In the north it is chiefly littoral, and affects localities where the water is slightly brackish. Venus fragilis O. Fabricius, 1780, not of Linneus; Zellina gron- landica (Beck) Lyell, 1839; Psammobia fusca Say, 1827; Sanguino- ¥ ‘ I No.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDZG—DALL. 299 laria fusca Conrad, 1831; Tellina inconspicua Broderip and Sowerby, 1829; Zellina tenera Mérch, 1857, not of Say, 1822; 7ellina fabricii Hanley, 1847; Zellina fragilis Moller, 1842, not of Linneeus; Zellina mollert Deshayes, and Tellina dubia Deshayes, 1854, and probably Tellina plena Sowerby, 1868; are synonymous. The original 7éllina balthica was the thin form from the Baltic, not the solid Zéllina solidula Pulteney, which is better known to collect- ors. The former is identical with our common American type. MACOMA CALCAREA (Gmelin), 1792. Arctic and boreal seas generally, south to Boston Bay and Long Island Sound, on the east coast of America. Tellina lata Gmelin, 1792; Macoma tenera Leach, 1819; Zellina sabulosa Spengler, 1798; Tellina proxima (Brown manuscript) Sow- erby, 1839; Zellina sordida Couthouy, 1838, and probably Ze//ina belchert Scwerby, 1868, are among the synonyms. The species pre- fers deep water, or, at least, is not littoral or estuarine. MACOMA INFLATA (Stimpson), 1893. Spitsbergen, Greenland, Gulf of St. Lawrence, and south to lati- tude 40°, in 57 to 206 fathoms. This species was named by Stimpson in manuscript, and the name published by Dawson, but the first real definition of that name is by Verrill and Bush.’ Macoma moesta Deshayes, 1854, is suspiciously similar. MACOMA CERINA C. B. Adams, 1845. Southern Florida and the Antilles. The pallial sinus is about half confluent below. TZellina cerena Krebs, 1864, is identical. MACOMA LEPTONOIDEA Dall, 1895. Texas coast at Matagorda Bay (Lloyd), also California. The sinus is short, high, and half confluent. MACOMA MITCHELLI Dall, 1895. Texas coast and north to Charleston, South Carolina. Sinus wholly confluent below; form approaching Angulus. MACOMA PHENAX Dall, rgoo. Jerome Creek, Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, and Tampa Bay, Florida. Closely resembles 7é/lina (Angulus) tenera Say externally. MACOMA TENTA Say, 1834. Cape Cod southward to Rio la Plata. In the warmer waters from Florida southward this species takes on a yellowish flush of color, in which state it is the Zellina souleyetiana 1Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 778, pl. 77, fig. 1, and pl. 88, fig. 6, 1898. 300 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII, Recluz, 1852 (7ellina lacrymabunda Deshayes), but after long study I think the two aspects can not be specifically separated. The sinus is about half confluent below. It has been named Zéllina recluziana by Tryon in 1869, on account of the existence of Ze/lina souleyeti Hanley, 1844. Ihave no doubt that the original Psammobia lusoria Say, 1822, was based on a large specimen of this species, but it can not be recog- nized from Say’s description and Conrad’s figure. MACOMA (CYMATOICA) ORIENTALIS Dall, 1889. Florida Straits, south to Santo Domingo. This appears to be distinct from, though allied to, the West Indian Macoma (Cymatoica) arcuata Sowerby, 1867. Subgenus Psammacoma Dall. MACOMA (PSAMMACOMA) TAGELIFORMIS Dall, 1900. Texas. Two closely allied species appear to have been generally confounded under the name of brevifrons. That to which the name tageliformis is assigned here reaches a length of 45 mm., and has the pallial sinus gibbous, short, high, and only slightly confluent below. MACOMA (CYDIPPINA) BREVIFRONS Say, 1834. New Jersey south to Rio Janeiro. . This differs from J/. tageliformis in its pale orange flush over the central portion, in its usually much smaller size, and in its elongate- oval pallial sinus, extending nearly to the anterior adductor and largely confluent below. The Miocene Zellina virginiana Conrad, 1866, is closely allied. Say’s figure does not agree with his diagnosis and, as it was published after his death, may represent another species. MACOMA (CYDIPPINA) LIMULA Dall, 1895. Cape Lookout, North Carolina, south to Barbados. Always identifiable by its finely granular surface. The sinus is long and partly confluent. Bertin cites a manuscript name, Zellina limala of Valenciennes, in his monograph of 1878, but as this referred toa true 7é/lina, while the present species is a J/acoma, the name of the latter need not be changed. MACOMA (CYDIPPINA) EXTENUATA Dall, rgoo. Between the Mississippi delta and Cedar Keys, Florida, in 32 fathoms, sand. Elongated and with a dull surface, the sinus long and partly con- no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINID.Z—DALL. 301 fluent below. If it were not for the hinge this might be referred to Liotellina. Telllina euparerva and Tellina athroa, of Ravenel are list-names of species found by him on Sullivans Island, Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, and printed without figure or description in the catalogue of his collection, 1875. They have no standing and are unidentifiable, but have been cited in the literature. Another Ravenelian name, Tellina omova, is cited by him as a synonym of Zellina tenuis Say, by which Ze//ina tenera Say was probably meant. SPECIES OF THE PACIFIC COASL OF NORTH AMERICA. Genus TELLINA Linnezeus. TELLINA CUMINGII Hanley, 1844. Lower California to Panama (Red Sea’). This is the Pacific coast analogue of 7ellina interrupta Wood, and the synonyms of the latter are sometimes confused with the former. TELLINA ID Dall, 1891. (Plate IV, figs. 10, 11.) San Pedro, California, and vicinity. Figures of a young specimen from Catalina Island are given. The adult has already been well figured in the Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum.’ TELLINA (MACALIOPSIS) LYRA Hanley, 1844. Lower California to Tumbez, Peru. TELLINA (MERISCA) LAMELLATA Carpenter, 1857. San Diego, California, to Mazatlan. This is referred to the section with doubt, as the unique specimen is so polished internally as to obscure the pallial line. TELLINA (MERISCA) RECLUSA Dall, rgoo. San Ignacio Lagoon, Lower California, and Gulf of California. This is the Pacific coast analogue of Zellina lintea Conrad of the Atlantic coast from which it differs in minor details, especially in being shorter and more triangular. 7¢//ina wquistriata Say is more sharply sculptured, and has the anterior end of the pallial sinus free from the adductor scar. TELLINA (MERISCA) DECLIVIS Sowerby, 1868. Cerros Island, Lower California, to the Gulf of California. 1XIV, pl. VI, fig. 3; pl. VH, figs. 1, 4; 1891. 302 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, TELLINA (MERISCA) CRYSTALLINA Wood, 1815. Lower California to Panama; also Atlantic coast. The specimens from the two oceans are absolutely similar, and differ no more than individuals from either sea among themselves. TELLINA (ELLIPTOTELLINA) PACIFICA Dali, rgoo. Panama Bay, and probably northward. This is the Pacific analogue of Tellina (£.) americana Dall, which is differently sculptured. From the figures Zellina clathrata Bertin, 1878, is a third recent species of Elliptotellina, but appears to be smoother and to have a much longer and more confluent sinus than either of the American species. TELLINA (PHYLLODINA) PRISTIPHORA Dall, 1goo. Lower California, near La Paz, in 26 fathoms. TELLINA (EURYTELLINA) RUBESCENS Hanley, 1844. Margarita Bay, Lower California, to Panama. This is the Pacific coast analogue of Zée/lina angulosa Gmelin, which is very similar, but distinguishable. Zéllina simulans C. B. Adams, 1852, and Tellina punicea Carpenter, 1857, not Born, 1778, are synonymous. TELLINA (SCROBICULINA) VIRIDOTINCTA Carpenter, 1855. Lower California to Panama. TELLINA (SCROBICULINA) OCHRACEA Carpenter, 1864. Cape St. Lucas to the Gulf of California. Extremely similar, except in color, to the preceding species. TELLINA (QUADRANS) COGNATA C. B. Adams, 1852. Panamie fauna; Guatemala. This is Macoma cognata of Adams and Psammobia casta (Deshayes) Reeve, 1857, but not Zéellina casta Hanley, 1844. TELLINA (TELLINIDES) BRODERIPII Deshayes, 1857. Cape St. Lucas to Panama; Gulf of California. This is Zellina purpurea Broderip and Sowerby, 1829, but not of Dillwyn, 1817; Zellina purpurascens Hanley, 1846, but not of Gmelin, 1792. TELLINA (MOERELLA) SALMONEA Carpenter, 1864. Aleutian Islands and southern part of Bering Sea, southward to the Santa Bar ura Islands, California. Th's is a widely distributed species, variable in color, but very con- no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDA—DALL. 3038 stant in form. 7Ze/lina crassula Deshayes, 1854, if correctly described and figured, differs by the absence of lateral teeth and smaller pallial sinus. TELLINA (MOERELLA) MEROPSIS Dall, 1g00. San Diego, California, to the Gulf of California. This is the Zéellina gouldii of Carpenter, 1865, but not of Hanley, 1846; it is the Pacific analogue of 7éellina promera Dall, from which it differs by its more solid and, on the whole, smaller shell, with the sinus rising higher than the posterior adductor scar, just behind the latter, and reaching nearer to the anterior scar. There is a feeble posterior right lateral in the present species which is wanting in Z2dlina promerda. TELLINA (MOERELLA) PAZIANA Dall, 1goo. Lower California, and near La Paz. Like a miniature Macoma hotricha Dall, with the Angulus hinge and a very large, nearly free, pallial sinus. TELLINA (MOERELLA) AMIANTA Dall, rgoo. Gulf of California. Slender, small, white, anteriorly much produced, and externally finely concentrically striated. TELLINA (ANGULUS) MACNEILII Dall, 1900. Gulf of California, Guaymas. The Pacific representative of the Atlantic 7éllina sybaritica Dall. TELLINA (ANGULUS) SUFFUSUS Dall, 1900. Lower California, San Ignacio, Guaymas. Analogous to the Atlantic Tellina colorata Dall. TELLINA (ANGULUS) CARPENTERI Dall, rgoo. Strait of Juan de Fuca to Lower California. The Pacific analogue of Zéllina versicolor Cozzens, of the Atlantic fauna, or Zéellina consobrina Orbigny. This is the Angulus variegatus Carpenter, 1864, not Zellina (Angulus) variegata Gmelin, 1792. TELLINA (ANGULUS) CERROSIANA Dall, rgoo. Cerros Island, Lower California and the Gulf of California, in 8 to 26 fathoms. Small, white, sharply concentrically striate, with the fordn of Zel/ina sybaritica Dall. 304 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. TELLINA (ANGULUS) RECURVA Dall, 1goo. Gulf of California. White or pinkish, blunt and oval, with the shape of Macoma hrauset Dall. TELLINA (ANGULUS) MODESTA Carpenter, 1864. Puget Sound. Shell small, white, rather short, with a thick but obscurely defined ray behind the anterior adductor scar. TELLINA (SCISSULA) VIRGO Hanley, 1844. ~ Gulf of California, La Paz, to Chiriqui. Pink or white, compressed. The Pacific analogue of Ze/lina (Scis- sula) exilis Lamarck, but more compressed, more arcuate, and less pointed behind. TELLINA (OUDARDIA) BUTTONI Dall, 1g00. Lituya Bay, Alaska, to Gulf of California. This is the Pacific analogue of Zellina compressa Brocchi of the Mediterranean. The radial rib is well defined, and the shell is longer and more inequilateral than Zéllina modesta Carpenter. The shell is white, often with a conspicuous olive green periostracum, which, how- ever, is not unfrequently absent, or rather pale yellow or colorless. The species is the 7éllina (Angulus) var. obtusus Carpenter, 1864, but not Zellina obtusa Sowerby, 1818. TELLINA (PERONIDIA) LUTEA Gray, 1828. Cape Espenberg, north of Bering Strait, south to Kamchatka and north Japan on the west, through Bering Sea, the Aleutians, and east to Cooks Inlet. This fine shell is the Zéllina guildfordiw Gray, 1834, the Tellina alternidentata Broderip and Sowerby, 1829, but not the Zedlina lutea of Krause, 1885 (which from author’s specimens proves to be a Macoma). The Tellina venulosa Schrenck, 1861, from north Japan, is probably identical, or at most a variety. TELLINA (PERONIDIA) BODEGENSIS Hinds, 1844. Queen Charlotte Islands and Vancouver to San Diego, California; (Japan ‘). The name is misspelled bodejens’s by Bertin, 1878, who proposes to unite with it the Miocene Z¢/lina emacerata Conrad, 1849, from Oregon, a course which I regard as unwarranted, though suggested by Car- penter. The Zéellina sulcatina Deshayes, 1854, is closely related to no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDEZ—DALL. 805 Tellina bodegensis, and may be identical. It is said to be found in Japan and China, but I have seen no specimens from that region. Dunker also does not cite the species from Japan, and it may be that Deshayes’s name was founded on a Californian specimen wrongly labeled as Asiatic. TELLINA (PERONIDIA) SANTAROS£ Dall, 1go00. Santa Rosa, San Miguel, and Santa Barbara Islands, of the Santa Barbara group, California. This form, which may prove a special race of Zellina bodegensis, is thinner, flatter, less flexuous behind, with the part of the disk in front of the umbonal ridge of the left valve with the concentric sculpture suddenly obsolete; the color whiter, with translucent venulations of a radial tendency. Adult specimens look very different from Zé//ina bodegensis of the same size. GemuseSso RG LEILA Parton: STRIGILLA FUCATA Gould, 1851. Lower California, south to Panama. Strigilla costulifera Morch, 1861; Strigilla carnaria Carpenter, 1856, not Linneeus, 1758; Strigilla miniata Carpenter, 1856, not of Gould, are synonymous. In color, in minuter details of sculpture, and in the presence or absence of a smooth radial streak on one or both valves, these shells are notably inconstant. Nuttall (erroneously ¢) reported this species from Santa Barbara, California. A posterior thickened ray or two, internally, are often developed. STRIGILLA SINCERA Hanley, 1844. Cape St. Lucas to Panama. Strigilla disjuncta Carpenter, 1856, is said by Carpenter (1864) to be identical. The species is posteriorly produced, white, and grows to a large size. STRIGILLA CICERCULA Philippi, 1846. Gulf of California to Panama. Strigila maga Morch, 1861, Stregilla interrupta Morch, 1861, Str?- gilla ervilia Philippi, 1846, Strigilla dichotoma Philippi, 1846, and Strigila pisiformis Philippi, 1846, ex parte, not of Linneeus, 1758, are synonymous. This form is the analogue on the Pacific coast of the West Indian Strigilla pisiformis. STRIGILLA LENTICULA Philippi, 1846. Cape St. Lucas to Central America. Strigila serrata Morch, 1861, seems identical. This species is the Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii 20) 306 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. Pacific coast analogue of Strigilla jfleruosa Say. All the Pacific coast species so far reported have the sinus produced to the anterior adductor scar, and confluent with the pallial line below. Genus TELLIDORA Moreh. TELLIDORA BURNETI Broderip and Sowerby, 1839. Lower California, south to West Colombia. The Pacific analogue of Zellidora cristata Récluz. Genus METIS H. and A. Adams. METIS ALTA Conrad, 1837. Santa Barbara, California, south to San Diego. This species is identical with Scrobicularia biangulata Carpenter, 1856, and is also the Zutricola alta of the same author. It differs from the Metis excavata Sowerby, 1867, which extends from the Gulf of California south to Peru and the Galapagos Islands, by its bright yel- low suffusion internally, its broader hinge plate, strong and deeply immersed resilium, and usually by more or less brownish coloration externally. The only other species of the genus belonging to western North America is the J/etis dombeyi Hanley, 1846 (not of Carpenter), distinguished by its smooth, white exterior, reddish internal flush in many specimens, and evenly oblong form. This species has been con- fused by Carpenter with Jlacoma (Psammacoma) aurora Hanley, of the same region, under the name of Scrobicularia producta (1855); but this is not the 7Zéellina producta Sowerby (1868). Bertin has wrongly referred some Chinese shells to Jetis excavata, all the species being externally very similar. Genus MACOMA Leach. MACOMA MIDDENDORFFII Dall, 1886, Bering Strait to the Aleutians and eastward to Chirikoff Island, Alaska; Okhotsk Sea. This is Wacoma edentula Middendorff, 1851, not of Broderip and Sowerby, 1839. Recognizable by its high triangular form, solid shell, with broad hinge plate and flattened left valve. MACOMA INCONGRUA von Martens, 1865. Bering Strait to Japan and Puget Sound. This is Zellina rotundata Sowerby, 1867, Tellina nasuta var. truncata Middendorff, 1851, not Zéllinu truncata Jonas, 1844; Iacoma califor- miensis Bertin, 1878, ete. no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDA—DALL. B07 MACOMA KRAUSEI Dall, rgoo. Icey Cape south to the Aleutians and east to the Shumagins. Green- land 4 This is Zéllina lutea A. Krause, 1885, not of Gray, 1828. I have received a very similar form from Greenland and Spitsbergen. The species is characterized by its oval compressed form, low posterior beaks, and short, hardly flexed posterior end. MACOMA EDENTULA Broderip and Sowerby, 1839. From Bering Strait southward to the Aleutians and Japan and east- ward to Port Etches, Alaska. This splendid species is rare, and has been much confused by authors. It is the Zellina lata of Middendorff, 1851, in part, but not of Gmelin. It is notable for its large size, blunt transverse form, and rather smooth surface, often with a ferruginous flush. The pallial sinus is unusually short and free for the genus. TZellina edentula Spengler, 1798, is a Metis. MACOMA CALCAREA Gmelin, 1792. Arctic Ocean generally and on the Pacific south to the Okhotsk and Japan seas on the west and to the Aleutians and Oregon on the east. The synonymy of this species has been indicated in the Atlantic coast list. MACOMA SITKANA Dall, rgo0. Kadiak, Alaska, south to Sitka (15 fathoms). Shell like J/acoma calcarea, but more slender, more equilateral, less flexuous, with the pallial sinus more regular, oval, and confluent below, and with the posterior end somewhat recurved dorsally. MACOMA INQUINATA Deshayes, 1854. Bering Strait to Monterey, California, on the east and to Japan on the west. This variable, but on the whole very recognizable, species has been confused with J/acoma incongrua Martens, calcarea Gmelin, and nasuta Conrad. MACOMA INFLATULA Dall, 1897. Aleutian Islands and southward in constantly deeper water to Bal- lenas Bay, Lower California. Characterized by. its strong flexure, pointed posterior end, thin in- flated shell, and greenish periostracum. MACOMA NASUTA Conrad, 1837. Kadiak Island, Alaska, to Lower California. This well-known species has not been séen by me from west of 308 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Kadiak, though Macoma inguinata Deshayes has frequently been reported under the name of nasuta. It seems to occur in Japan, where it was named Zellina dissimilis by von Martens, 1865, but is not the Tellina dissimilis of Deshayes, 1854. The young was described by Gould as Tellina tersa, 1852. MACOMA LEPTONOIDEA Dall, 1895. Santa Barbara Channel, California, in 314 to 322 fathoms. Also at Matagorda Bay, Texas. This very distinct species occurs in shallow water on the Texas coast and in very deep water on the coast of California. It probably antedates the separation of the two oceans. MACOMA CARLOTTENSIS Whiteaves, 1880. Arctic Ocean south to Avatcha Bay, Kamchatka on the west, and to the Aleutians and eastward to Chilkat Inlet, Alaska. One of the handsomest species when in perfection, and character- ized especially by its brilliant periostracum and subtriangular form. Macoma frigida Hanley, 1844, should be compared, though very likely only a variety of calcarea Gmelin. Tellina frigida Krause, 1885, from author’s specimens, proves to be the young of J/acoma balthica Linneus. MACOMA LIOTRICHA Dall, 1897. Aleutian and Shumagin islands to Puget Sound. A thin oval shell, with glossy yellow periostracum. MACOMA EXPANSA Carpenter, 1865. Puget Sound to Baulinas Bay, California. This must be regarded as a doubtful species. The two specimens upon which it was founded belong to different species and neither agrees with Carpenter’s diagnosis. A large broken valve with the teeth wanting probably belongs to the preceding species. The orig- inally more perfect pair has also met with accidents, and is really too young for satisfactory determination. Specimens from Baulinas Bay, California, collected by Stearns, which have been associated with the specimens named by Carpenter, may belong to a valid species which will carry the name. MACOMA BALTHICA Linnezus, 1758. Arctic and boreal seas generally. On the Pacific it has been collected in northern Japan, and as far south on the northwest coast as Monte- rey, California. This widely dispersed form is abundant about Bering Sea, but the no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDA—DALL. 309 Macoma solidula Pulteney, usually regarded as a variety of balthica, has not been found in that region. In addition to the synonyms mentioned in the Atlantic list, it may be mentioned that the 7Ze///na Frigida of Krause, 1885, is based on young balthica, and it is possi- ble that the original 7ée/ina frigida of Hanley, 1844, was of the same character. MACOMA YOLDIFORMIS Carpenter, 1864. Neah Bay, Juan de Fuca Strait, to San Diego, California. A yery uniform, brilliantly polished species. MACOMA ALASKANA Dall, 1goo. Lituya Bay and Sitka Harbor, Alaska, in 8 to 12 fathoms. A small species having the form of J/oere//a but the hinge of Macoma, with a polished greenish periostracum and the pallial sinus strikingly discrepant in the two valves. MACOMA (CYMATOICA) UNDULATA Hanley, 1844. Gulf of California, south to St. Elena, West Colombia. Macoma occidentalis Dall, 1889, not Tellina occidentalis Morch, 1861, is synonymous. This curious little shell is the Pacific analogue of the Antillean Jacoma orientalis Dall. MACOMA (REXITHAERUS) SECTA Conrad, 1837. Victoria, British Columbia, to the Gulf of California at Guaymas, Mexico. This is perhaps the finest shell of the genus. TZéellina ligamentina, Deshayes, 1843, Zéllina japonica Deshayes, 1854, and Zellina denticu- lata Sowerby, 1867, not of Deshayes, 1854, are synonymous. To the somewhat ruder northern specimens Carpenter applied in a varietal sense the manuscript Nuttallian name of edu/és, in 1864. “MACOMA (REXITHAERUS) INDENTATA Carpenter, 1866. Santa Barbara to San Diego, California. MACOMA (REXITHAERUS) INDENTATA var. TENUIROSTRIS Dall, 1900. San Pedro and Santa Barbara Islands. This form differs from the typical 7adentata in being more elon- gated, with a shorter and more pointed posterior end and deeper flex- ure. Tellina columbiensis Hanley, 1844, also belongs to this section of the genus. MACOMA (PSAMMACOMA) ELONGATA Hanley, 1844. Lower California (lat. 30° 36’) south to Panama in 14 to 30 fathoms. This species was confused by Carpenter in his labeling with Ze/ina candida auct., not Lamarck. 310 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. MACOMA (PSAMMACOMA) EXTENUATA var? PANAMENSIS Dall, rgoo, Panama. This form is hardly distinguishable from the Atlantic J/acoma exten- wata Dall, butappears to have a less polished surface and to be a larger and somewhat higher shell. MACOMA (PSAMMOTRETA) AURORA Hanley, 1844. Gulf of California to Panama. This species was cited and labeled by Carpenter with the name of Tellina dombeyt Hanley, which is a Jetis. It may be noted here that MJacoma (Macalia) Bruguierei Hanley, a Chinese species, and J/acoma tnornata Hanley, a Chilean species, are erroneously referred to California in Bertin’s Monograph of 1878. Tellina pura Gould, 1852, from Lower California, is the young of Tedlina mazatlanica Deshayes, according to Carpenter, but the figures of Gould and Sowerby hardly sustain this view. The species is erro- neously referred to Vancouver by Sowerby and Bertin. Zéllina brevi- rostris Deshayes, 1854, is another species which has had a Californian habitat wrongly assigned to it. DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIKS. ATLANTIC COAST. TELLINA (EURYTELLINA?) GEORGIANA new species. (Plate II, fig. 3.) Shell of moderate size, rosaceous, more or less suffused with a yel- lowish tinge, and frequently with obscure paler narrow rays near the posterior slope; surface polished; valves compressed, subequilateral, the anterior somewhat longer, rounded in front, descending more rapidly and somewhat pointed behind, base arcuate; surface sculpture of fine, even, concentric grooves with wider interspaces, these, on approaching the umbonal ridge, in large part cease, those which per- sist continue over the umbonal angle and to the dorsal margin as rather distant sharp little elevated lamelle, the interspaces of which are very finely obscurely radially striate; umbones not prominent, their apices usually pale; lunule and escutcheon narrow and inconspicuous; hinge normal, the right laterals well developed, the anterior subapproximate, the left laterals obsolete; pallial sinus similar in both valves, touching the anterior adductor sear, wholly confluent below. Lon., 32; alt., 17; diam., 6 mm. Figured type.—No. 93777, U. S. N. M.; dredged by the U. S. Fish Commission in the Gulf of Mexico, at station 2387, in 32 fathoms, = no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDE—DALL. a1 sand. Specimens from St. Thomas, West Indies, which appear other- wise similar, are translucent whitish instead of rosaceous. The species has a distant resemblance to the European 7?l/ina nitida. TELLINA (LIOTELLINA) IHERINGI new species. (Plate II, fig. 2.) Shell polished, white, with a pale olivaceous periostracum, showing darker concentric zones; moderately convex, elongated, the anterior end longer, evenly rounded, the shorter posterior end wedge-shaped, hardly flexuous, with the umbonal ridge obscure; umbones white, small, little elevated; lunule and escutcheon linear or nearly so, liga- ment short, deeply inset; interior white with a slight yellowish flush anteriorly; hinge normal, the teeth all present but small; pallial sinus low, reaching in front to the posterior vertical of the anterior adductor sear, confluent below. Lon., 27; alt., 18; diam., 5.5 mm. Type.—No. 108531, U.S.N.M.; dredged by the U.S. Fish Com- mission off the Rio La Plata, in 104 fathoms sand, at station 2765. This species is not nearly related to any other American Ze//ina, and the surface shows only faint incremental lines a little stronger on the rostrum. TELLINA (ELLIPTOTELLINA) AMERICANA new species. (Plate II, fig. 8.) Shell small, convex, having much the form of an Arelia, white or pale straw color, with a crimson spot or streak on the dorsal margin near each end; sculpture of well-marked narrow, close, concentric ripples over the whole surface, crossed near the posterior end by fee- ble, close set, radial grooves; anterior end longer and slightly more pointed; beaks low, ligament short; hinge with the teeth well devel- oped, pallial sinus short, rounded, obliquely ascending and free from the pallial line below. Lon. 8.5) alt. 5.5, diam. 3.2 mm. Type.—No. 92154, U.S.N.M.; dredged by the U.S. Fish Commis- sion in 52 fathoms sand, 31 miles SE. by S. from Cape Lookout, North Carolina, at station 2612; bottom temperature 67° F. This little shell is very interesting as being the first species of the subgenus recognized in the recent state. Another of unknown habi- tat had been described by Bertin, in 1878, but no one had recognized its proper systematic place. A third species has been dredged by the U.S. Fish Commission on the Pacific coast, which is also described in this paper. TELLINA (MERISCA) CRYSTALLINA Wood. (Plate II, fig. 10.) This species has not been reported before from the coast of the United States, so we have figured a valve collected some years ago by 312 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, Mr. W. G. Mazyck, of Charleston, South Carolina, on Sullivans Island, Charleston Harbor. The species occurs in the Antilles, where it has received the name of Zelina schrammi from Récluz, but a compari- son with specimens from the Gulf of California does not show any distinctive characters. TELLINA (ANGULUS) PROMERA new species. (Plate IT, fig. 11.) Shell solid, white, rounded, triangular; the anterior end a little longer, rounded in front, the posterior shorter, slightly flexuous, bluntly pointed; surface sculptured with rather distant, very thin, sharp, little elevated lamelle, the interspatial surface finely radially stri- ate, the umbonal ridge fairly well marked on the right valve, correspond- ing to a feeble radial sulcus on the left valve; beaks elevated, rather pointed and polished; traces of a papery, straw-colored periostracum visible near the margin; lunule and escutcheon hardly discernible; hinge normal, well developed; pallial sinus rising in a peak before the posterior adductor, then depressed, rounded in front, not reaching the anterior adductor scar, less than half confluent below, in the right valve, in the left valve similar but larger. Lon. 18, alt. 14.5, diam. 7 mm. Type.—No. 94465, U.S.N.M.; collected at Bermuda by the late Dr. G. Brown Goode. The nearest ally of this species, and which has probably often been confounded with it, is the shell we have identified with the 7Zé/ina mera of Say, from which it differs as we have stated in a previous note in this paper (p. 296). TELLINA (ANGULUS) FLAGELLUM new species. (Plate Il, fig. 6.) Shell small, polished, white, yellowish or rosaceous, with a single dark red ray extending backward from the umbo parallel with the umbonal ridge; valves moderately convex, elongated, pointed, and slightly flexuous behind, sculptured with fine regular concentric grooves with slightly wider interspaces; hinge of Angu/us, the approx- imate lateral broad and strong; pallial sinus long, rounded behind, not reaching the anterior adductor scar, and wholly confluent below. Lon. 9, alt. 5, diam. 3 mm: Type.—No. 108534, U.S.N.M.; dredged by the U.S. Fish Commis- sion, SE. of Cape San Roque, Brazil, in 20 fathoms; bottom tempera- ture 79° F., at station 2758. A species, externally very similar, from Port Jackson, Australia, was described by Sowerby in 1868, under the name of Zéellina unifas- ciata, but he states that it has no lateral teeth. The present species is No.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDE—DALL. Dales probably that alluded to by Bertin in 1878, as received from Florida by Petit, under the name of Zéllina unifasciata, and which he refers to Angulus. TELLINA (ANGULUS) COLORATA new species. (Plate IT, fig. 9.) Shell small, compressed, subtriangular, suffused with rose color or pale yellow, sometimes showing minute, subtranslucent, subradial vermiculations, sculpture of faint incremental lines, the posterior end shorter, rather blunt, slightly flexuous; hinge with the lateral very short and close to the cardinals; pallial sinus subtriangular, the apex rising considerably above the level of the posterior adductor, the ante- rior end not reaching the anterior adductor scar, the lower portion wholly confluent; there is an obscure posterior ray. Lon. 13.5, alt. 9.5, diam. + mm. Types.—No. 42865, U.S.N.M., from the island of Guadeloupe, West Indies. TELLINA (ANGULUS) TEXANA new species. Shell small, thin, sharply flexed, varying from ivory white, through yellowish, to pale pinkish brown; subequivalve, inequilateral, the anterior end longer, moderately convex; epidermis very thin, silky, with an iridescent play of colors upon it when fresh; beaks rather high and pointed, anterior dorsal margin subarcuate, declining into the evenly rounded anterior end; posterior end short, rapidly declining, subtruncate or obtusely pointed, markedly flexed to the right; surface near the beaks nearly smooth, toward the margin finely concentrically grooved, the grooves becoming more crowded, until in some cases the interspaces resemble minute close-set threads; there are also fine, almost microscopic, radial strive and the usual obtuse ridge at the pos- terior angle; hinge normal, adjacent lateral strong; pallial sinus long, not precisely similar in both valves, but reaching the anterior adductor scar in neither; the valves, if the epidermis is lost, do not appear polished; lon. 14, alt. 8.2, diam. 4.6 mm. Hlabitat.—Various localities in Corpus Christi Bay, Texas, Singley, and Charlotte Harbor, Florida, in 3 or 4 feet of water, over a sandy bottom, Dall. From 7. (Angulus) tenella Verrill, which is perhaps its nearest ally, it differs in outline, has more arcuate dorsal margins, a straighter base, and more attenuated posterior end. That species is grooved over the whole disk and has the grooving more sharp and regular. Type.—No. 125539, U.S.N.M. 314 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. MACOMA (MACOMA) PHENAX new species. Shell small, thin and fragile, polished, bluish white, subequilateral, very feebly flexed behind; beaks very low; dorsal margins declining about equally before and behind the umbo; anterior end evenly rounded, posterior end obtusely pointed, base nearly straight; hinge normal, very delicate, the teeth minute; pallial sinus long and low, subequal in the two valves, not reaching the anterior adductor scar, Lon. 14, alt. 8, diam. 3.5 mm. Types from an artificial pond screened from the sea so that only embryos could enter, occupied for researches on the development of Ostrea virginica by the late Prof. John A. Ryder, at Jerome Creek, Chesapeake Bay, Virginia. The pond was made in February, 1884, and these shells were found in the mud cleaned out of it in May, 1885, so that they were, though fully adult, only 15 months old, or less. Young shells of the same species were collected by Stearns at the mouth of the Hillsboro River, Tampa Bay, Florida. These specimens externally bear such a close resemblance to a some- what stunted and obtuse Ze//ina (Angulus) tenera Say, that, without special scrutiny, they were identified as that species, and so remained more than fourteen years in the collection. Desiring to examine the hinge of Zellina tenera one day, a specimen of this lot was selected, when, to my surprise I found the hinge to be that of J/acoma. A care- ful examination of all the specimens labeled Zel/ina tenera was then made and another lot of half-grown shells from Florida were found to be conspecific. There is no sculpture except inconspicuous ‘and somewhat irregular lines of growth, and the exterior differs from Tdlina tenera chiefly in the more obtuse beaks and posterior end and less marked flexure of the valves. Type.—No. 61719, U.S.N.M. MACOMA (MACOMA) MITCHELLI Dall. (Plate II, figs. 4, 5.) Macoma mitchelli Datu, Nautilus, IX, July, 1895, p. 33. An illustration is now provided of this hitherto unfigured species. MACOMA (PSAMMACOMA) EXTENUATA new species. (Plate II, fig. 7.) Shell small, thin, white, with a yellowish flush on the disk near the umbones; elongated, the anterior end slightly longer, rounded, poste- rior end more attenuated, flexuous, bluntly pointed; surface nearly smooth, not polished, sculptured only with more or less obvious incre- mental lines; hinge delicate, interior whitish, the pallial sinus long, but not reaching the anterior adductor scar, largely confluent below. Lon. 14, alt. 6.75, diam. 2.5 mm. no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDE—DALL. oul Type.—No. 94012, U.S.N.M.; dredged by the U.S. Fish Commis- sion between the delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida, in 32 fathoms, sand, at station 2387. Quite distinct from any species of our coasts so far known, but closely resembling the young of a larger valve hereafter described from Panama Bay. MACOMA (CYDIPPINA) LIMULA Dall. (Plate II, fig. 1.) Macoma limula Dau, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 37, p. 60, 1889 (name only); Nau- tilus, IX, July, 1895, p. 32. This species, which has not been figured, is now illustrated. It can always be recognized by its curiously sagrinate surface. MACOMA (PSAMMACOMA) TAGELIFORMIS new species. Shell thin, white, elongate, longer and rounded in front, shorter and rounded-truncate behind, moderately convex; surface sculptured only with rather rude incremental lines and faint radial striations; valves unequal, the left valve more convex, but the rostrum is not percepti- bly flexed; teeth small, hinge normal, pallial sinus gibbous, about half confluent below, not quite similar in both valves, extending in front of the middle of the shell. Lon. 45, alt. 26, diam. 11 mm. Type.—No. 6086, U.S.N.M., from Corpus Christi Bay, Texas. This species and Macoma brevifrons will be fully illustrated in a Report on the Mollusca of Porto Rico, now in preparation. PACIFIC COAST. TELLINA (MERISCA) RECLUSA new species. (Plate III, fig. 2.) Shell white, solid, moderately convex, subtrigonal, strongly flexuous; anterior end slightly longer, rounded; posterior end keeled dorsally, wedge-shaped, twisted to the right with a very short terminal trunca- tion; beaks small, pointed; surface sculptured, with rather close-set, little elevated, concentric sharp lamelle, with wider, faintly radially striate interspaces; escutcheon deep, narrow, long, bordered by a minutely serrate keel on each valve, lunule small, inconspicuous; hinge strong; pallial sinus high behind, descending to the base of the adductor scar in front, wholly confluent below. Lon. 18, alt. 13, diam. 6 mm. Types.—No. 105513, U.S.N.M., from San Ignacio Lagoon, Lower California, Hemphill. Also off Lower California, in lat. 30° 28’, by the U. S. Fish Commission, at station 3019, in 14 fathoms, Gulf of California. This species is notable for the rasp-like quality of its surface to the touch. 316 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VCL. XXIII. TELLINA (ELLIPTOTELLINA) PACIFICA new species. (Plate ITI, fig. 9.) Shell small, oval, yellowish white, or more or less painted with rose- color, especially a spot near each end on the hinge margin; anterior end longer, both ends rounded, and the valves rather convex; sculp- ture of fine concentric regular grooves with wider interspaces, crossed on the posterior end by deep angular radial grooves which serrate the the valve margin and are separated by rib-like interspaces; these grooves become less pronounced anteriorly, some of them attaining the anterior third of the disk; interior polished, hinge well developed, pallial sinus longer and less oblique than in Zéel/ina (E:lliptotellina) americana. lon. 8, alt. 5, diam. 8 mm. Type.—No. 96260, U.S.N.M.; dredged in Panama Bay, in 18 fath- oms, sand, at station 2798, by the U. S. Fish Commission. This species differs from the Atlantic species by its much stronger and more extended radial sculpture, and apparently also by its brighter colors and longer pallial sinus. TELLINA (PHYLLODINA) PRISTIPHORA new species. (Plate IV, fig. 14.) Shell compressed, small, the right valve flatter, nearly equilateral; the beaks compressed, acute, low, with the minute prodissoconch and the nepionic shell polished and conspicuous; surface greenish white, chalky, sculptured with evenly spaced elevated concentric lamelle over the posterior third of the shell, with much wider faintly striated interspaces; in the right valve over the anterior two-thirds of the disk the lamellee are obsolete except on the dorsal margin, over the umbonal fold they are conspicuous, interrupted by the sulcus above it, and rise into small squarish foliations on the posterior dorsal margin; on the anterior dorsal margin the prominences are more like serrations; on the left valve there are no lamellz on the disk, but the foliations persist though less prominent; lunule and escutcheon developed between the foliated keels, but very narrow and rather shallow; over all the disk translucent subradial venulations are frequent; interior with the hinge strongly developed, the pallial sinus narrow, obliquely ascending and entirely free from the pallial line below. Lon. 16.5, alt. 9.5, diam. 3 mm. Another specimen, the valve figured, reaches a length of 20 mm. Type.—No. 108575, U.S.N.M.; dredged near La Paz, Lower Cali- fornia, in 263 fathoms, by the U. S. Fish Commission at Station 2823. This is an elegantly sculptured shell, with rather remarkable char- acters, entirely different from any other species on the coast now known. no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDEZ—DALL. oe TELLINA (EURYTELLINA) LEUCOGONIA new species. (Plate IV, fig. 5.) Shell brilliantly polished, rosy in darker or lighter concentric zones, suffused with light yellowish brown, the dorsal margin and umbones white; valves subequilateral, compressed, the anterior end slightly longer; surface smooth near the beaks, but in the adult nearer the margin, especially in front, with a series of fine, concentric, rather distant, evenly spaced grooves, which near the basal middle of the disk are slightly out of harmony with the incremental lines; and on the posterior half of the shell are obsolete; a faint ridge extends from the umbo to the posterior angle of the valves; the space between this ridge is sculptured with concentric strive, the surface slightly rippled at equal distances, the ripples stronger on the right valve; hinge nor- mal; pallial sinus large, touching the anterior adductor scar and wholly confluent below, the elevated internal ray strong. Lon. 24, alt. 19, diam. 6 mm. Type.—No. 102182, U.S.N.M., from the Gulf of California, Stearns collection. This handsome shell, under a magnifier in a good light, shows extremely fine radial strize somewhat irregularly distributed. TELLINA (MOERELLA) MEROPSIS new species. (Plate ITI, fig. 1.) Shell small, white, solid, subequilateral, rather swollen, slightly flexed behind, with a rather bluntly pointed posterior end; surface finely concentrically closely striate, with obscure radial striulations and a papery periostracum, which sometimes has an iridescent effect and is often dehiscent; beaks low and pointed; interior white, some- times with a pale yellow suffusion: hinge normal, the left anterior lateral small but distinct; pallial sinus large, separated from the ante- rior adductor scar only by the feeble slightly elevated ray. Lon. 15, alt. db. diam. 6.4 mm. Types.—No. 123410, U.S.N.M., San Diego, California: Miss Shepard. This quite abundant little shell was confounded with Zéllina gouldii Hanley, a West Indian species, by Carpenter, and has been called by that name by most Californian collectors. It recalls the Zellina mera and promera rather than the genuine 7Zé- lina gouldii, which is compressed and polished. TELLINA (MOERELLA) AMIANTA new species. (Plate III, fig. 12.) Shell elongated, rather solid, white, the anterior end produced, rounded, the posterior shorter, obliquely truncate, rather pointed; 318 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. beaks low, surface sculptured with close concentric ridges, thread-like in front and over most of the disk, but behind and on the posterior dorsal area becoming sharper and more lamellose; hinge normal, the anterior right lateral conspicuously large, a faint trace of a posterior lateral in the same valve; pallial sinus nearly touching the anterior adductor scar and wholly confluent below; there is no trace of an ele- rated internal ray. Lon. 12.5, alt. 6.2, diam. 3.5 mm. Type.—No. 108560, U.S.N.M.; dredged in 14 fathoms, sand, off Cape Tepoca, Lower California, near the head of the Gulf, by the U. S. Fish Commission at station 3019. TELLINA (MOERELLA) PAZIANA new species. (Plate II, fig. 8.) Shell small, thin, white, convex, the anterior end slightly longer, rounded, the posterior end bluntly pointed; surface finely concentric- ally sculptured by the incremental lines, covered with a very delicate dehiscent pale straw-colored epidermis; hinge well developed, a minute but distinct anterior left lateral present; interior polished, only about half the lower portion of the pallial sinus confluent, the anterior part not reaching the adductor. Lon. 10.2, alt. 7, diam. 3.5 mm. Type.—No. 108580, U.S.N.M.; dredged in 263 fathoms, near La Paz, Lower California, by the U. S. Fish Commission, at station 2823. This differs from the young of Scrobiculina viridotincta Carpenter, which in outline it resembles, by being less polished, more inflated, and without the deep-set resilium. TELLINA (ANGULUS) MACNEILII new species. (Plate III, fig. 7.) Shell small, solid, inequilateral, the anterior end longer, rounded, the posterior end quite short, depressed, bluntly pointed; color deep rosy, slightly zoned, and paler toward the basal margin; surface closely, sharply concentrically striated, the posterior dorsal area feebly imbricate, with a little obscure radial striulation; valves moder- ately full, flattish toward the middle of the disk; hinge strong, normal; internal ray obscure; pallial sinus long, nearly reaching the anterior adductor scar, wholly confluent below. Lon. 12.5, alt. 7.6, diam. 3.9 mm. Types.—No. 120660, U.S.N.M., obtained at Guaymas, Mexico, by WES Dall: The species is named in honor of « good collector, to whose efforts we are indebted for a number of additions to the mollusk fauna of Central America and West Mexico. no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDA—DALL. 319 TELLINA (ANGULUS) SUFFUSA new species. (Plate ITI, fig. 10.) Shell cuneate, very thin, convex, blunt in front, pointed behind, the posterior end slightly longer, pinkish, yellowish, or translucent white in color; surface rather strongly, closely, and irregularly con- centrically striate, with an unusually large and wide lunular impres- sion, but no escutcheon to speak of; hinge normal, delicate; interior polished; the: pallial sinus high, well separated from the anterior adductor, though there seems to be no trace of a ray in the specimens examined. Lon. 13.5, alt. 9.2, diam. 4.7 mm. Type.—No. 105512, U.S.N.M., collected at San Ignacio Lagoon, Lower California, by Henry Hemphill. This little species is quite characteristic; the unusually large lunule and shorter anterior end are especially notable. TELLINA (ANGULUS) CERROSIANA new species. (Plate III, fig. 11.) Shell minute, compressed, greenish white, the anterior end longer, the surface sharply concentrically sculptured with low, thread-like lamelle less close over the posterior dorsal area; left valve with a rather marked sulcus extending from the beak to the posterior angle; hinge normal, strong for the size of the shell; pallial sinus elongated, confluent below, nearly reaching the adductor. Lon. 5.2, alt. 3.2, diam. 1.5 mm. Types.—No. 151957, U.S.N.M., dredged off Cerros Island, Lower California, in 9-10 fathoms, by the U. 8. Fish Commission. These little shells may not be adult, but if so they nevertheless do not agree with the young of any of the other species from this vicinity so far obtained TELLINA (ANGULUS) PANAMENSIS new species. (Plate III, fig. 3.) Shell small, thin, ivory-white, polished, rather compressed, flexuous behind, the anterior end much the longer, produced and rounded, pos- terior end with the ligament rather deeply inset, margin obliquely descending to a rather blunt point; surface smooth or marked only by incremental lines, except near the basal margin, where there are a few incised lines with wider interspaces, not quite in harmony with the lines of growth; posterior dorsal area minutely concentrically rippled; hinge normal, delicate; pallial sinus large, not reaching the adductor, mostly confluent below; the elevated ray absent or obsolete. Lon. 9, alt. 5.25, diam. 2.5 mm. 320 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, Types.—No. 108557, U.S.N.M., dredged in 30 fathoms in Panama Bay by the U.S. Fish Commission, at station 2799. A simple little species, but one which can hardly be united with any other known from the vicinity. Fresh specimens exhibit on the surface a lovely iridescent glow. TELLINA (ANGULUS) RECURVA new species. (Plate ITI, fig. 4. ) Shell translucent white, brilliantly polished, rather compressed, with very low beaks, the anterior side longer, produced and evenly rounded, the posterior side with the site of the ligament excavated, the posterior end rounded and slightly recurved; surface with faint, concentric, chiefly incremental sculpture, anterior end with a marked gape; hinge feeble, lateral tooth very small; pallial sinus short, sub- triangular, confluent below. Lon. 12, alt. 7.5, diam. 2.75 mm. Types.—No. 108559, U.S. N. M., dredged near the head of the Gulf of California in 24 fathoms mud, off Point San Fermin, by the U. S. Fish Commission, at station 3034. The peculiar form of this shell distinguishes it from any other on the coast. It is most like a young JJacoma yoldifornis, but more blunt behind, and with a different hinge. The delicate anterior right lateral is frequently broken off in separated valves. TELLINA (ANGULUS) CARPENTERI, new name. Angulus variegatus CARPENTER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Eist., 3d Ser., XIV, Dec. 1864, p. 5; not Tellina variegata Gmelin, Syst. Nature, 1792, p. 3237. Gmelin’s species is also an Angu/us, and therefore the Californian form requires a new name. The elevated internal ray is absent or obsolete. TELLINA (OUDARDIA) BUTTONI new name. (Plate IV, figs. 12, 13.) Angulus modestus ? var. obtusus CARPENTER, Suppl. Report Brit. Assoc. for 1863, p. 639, 1864; Smithsonian Miscell. Coll. No. 252, 1872, p. 125; Proc. Acad. Nut. Sci. Phila., 1865, p. 56, not Tellina obtusa J. Sowersy, Min. Conch., II. pl. 179, 1818, nor T. obtusa G. B. Sowersy, Conch. Iconica, 1868. Angulus modestus of the majority of Californian collectors. Shell elongated, subequilateral, compressed, polished, white, rounded before, slightly shorter and pointed behind, with a slight flexuosity; surface finely concentrically grooved, with wider interspaces, the sculpture stronger on the right valve and anteriorly; beaks low, in- conspicuous; interior polished, white, with a well-marked thickened ray behind the anterior adductor scar; pallial sinus reaching the ray, confluent below. Lon. 16, alt. 9.5, diam. 3.5 mm. Types.—No. 42865a, U.S.N.M., from the island of Guadalupe, off Lower California. no.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDE—DALL. 321 This species is much more acute behind than 7e///na (Oudardia) com- pressa Brocchi, of the Mediterranean, and has not the oblique sculp- ture on the disk of that species. The species named Angulus modestus by Carpenter, as represented by the type specimen from Puget Sound, is quite distinct from the form subsequently named by him variety obtusus, from southern Cali- fornia. The name ohfusws being preoccupied for a species of Ze//i/na, I propose the above specific name in honor of Mr. Fred. L. Button, of Oakland, California, an enthusiastic student of Californian shells. It belongs to the section Oudardia of Monterosaio, characterized by having the elevated ray sharply defined, but is almost exactly inter- mediate between the more common forms of Angulus like A. tener Say and the typical species of Oudardia, which approaches Sezssula by its oblique external grooving. TELLINA (PERONIDIA) SANTAROS£ new species. (Plate ITI, fig. 6; plate IV, figs. 1, 2.) Shell white, frequently with pale brownish concentric zonulation, and subtranslucent radial venulations; valves rather thin, compressed, hardly flexuous behind, beaks low, and nearly central; surface pol- ished, concentrically evenly grooved with wider flat interspaces especially on the anterior half of the disk; on the posterior fourth of the right valve the interspaces are narrowed and elevated showing a tendency to become lamellose; if an imaginary line be drawn from the beak to the basal margin, in front of that line in the adult the concentric sculpture seems to fail suddenly, leaving an obscurely tri- angular area almost without sculpture; on the left valve the sculpture is not interrupted but appears feebler over the whole disk than in the right valve; hinge with the laterals obsolete, posterior radial callus not differentiated into a ray, pallial sinus low, short, mostly coalescent below. Lon. 51.5, alt. 24.5, diam. 6 mm. The dimensions of a similar valve of Zellina bodegensis Hinds are: Lon. 52, alt. 24, diam. 9.5 mm.; the beaks in the former are 20 mm. in front of the posterior end of the shell, while in the latter the distance is 23 mm. Type.—No. 60212, U.S.N.M., collected at Santa Rosa Island, of the Santa Barbara group, California, by Stephen Bowers. This shell is perhaps a southern race of Zellina bodegensis, or may prove to be a distinct species with more material. It is confined to the region about the islands and San Pedro; the northernmost specimen is from Santa Barbara, on the mainland. But we have typical speci- mens of 7ellina bodegensis from as far south as San Diego. Tellina santarosw seems to differ by its thinner, flatter, and more compressed shell, by details of sculpture, the form of the pallial sinus, and by being more equilateral. Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii 21 322 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. TELLINA (PERONIDIA) LUTEA Gray. (Plate IV, figs. 15, 16.) Tellina lutea Gray, in Wood’s Index Testaceologicus, Supplement, pl. 1, fig. 3c, 1828; not of Krause. Tellina guildfordix Gray, in Griffith’s Cuvier, XII, pl. 19, fig. 2, 1854. Tellina alternidentata Broprerie and Sowrersy, Zool. Journ., IV, p. 363; Sowersy, Zoology of the voyage of the Blossom, Capt. Beechey, 1839, p. 153, pl. 44, fig. 5. ? Tellina venulosa ScHRENCK, Bull. de l Acad. Imp. des Sci., 1861, p. 411; Amurl. Moll., 1867, p. 556, pl. xxii, figs. 2-5. It seemed desirable that a good figure of this fine shell should be available, so one has been included. The specimen figured is No. 122562, U.S.N.M., collected at Bering Island by Governor Grebnitzki, MACOMA KRAUSEI new species. (Plate IV, fig. 8.) Tellina lutea A. Krauser, Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte, 1885, p. 37; not of Gray. Specimens obtained by Dr. Krause in the vicinity of Bering Strait, and donated by him to the U. S. National Museum, were supposed to be young specimens of Zéllina lutea Gray. They prove, however, on ‘areful examination, to belong to an undescribed species of Macoma, which is represented in the U.S. National Museum from many locali- ties in Bering Sea and the Arctic Ocean, including specimens from both Greenland and Spitsbergen as well as the Alaskan waters. Shell of a nearly egg-oval outline, with very low beaks, situated at the posterior third; valves not flattened but only slightly convex, marked with faint incremental sculpture and covered with an olive green, usually polished periostracum; there is hardly any posterior flexure and no rostration; hinge normal, very delicate; pallial sinus small rather low and reaching only about three-fifths of the distance from the posterior end of the shell forward: mostly confluent below. Lon. 23.5, alt. 14.5. diam. 5.7 mm: Types.—No. 108606, U.S.N.M., collected in the Arctic Ocean north of Bering Strait by Capt. E. E. Smith, off Icy Cape in 7 to 15 fathoms. The species has much the general appearance of Yoldia myalis, though nearly of the color of Yoldialimatula. It differs from Macoma carlottensis Whiteaves in not being flattened, in its rounded posterior end, and different color. When once recognized it is easily picked out from the related species. The Greenland and Spitsbergen speci- mens were referred to Macoma inflata by Jetireys, but that species is proportionately much more inflated, more arcuate and flexuous, and never reaches so large a size. It is named in honor of Dr. Arthur Krause, who worked up the mollusks of his expedition to Alaska. No.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINID.—DALL. one MACOMA SITKANA new species. (Plate IV, figs. 6, 7.) Shell thin, calcareous, elongate, nearly equilateral, white, with a dull papyraceous, grayish-olive periostracum; surface marked only by lines of growth, which are stronger posteriorly; anterior end larger and pretty evenly rounded, posterior end attenuated, rather squarely truncate, flexuous, and moderately gaping; hinge delicate, normal; pallial sinus discrepant in the two valves, in the right valve shorter and higher and about half confluent below, in the left longer, nearly reaching the adductor scars and almost entirely confluent with the pal- lial line below. Lon. 41, alt. 26, diam. 10 mm. Type.—No. 108656, U.S.N.M., dredged at Sitka Harbor, Alaska, in 15 fathoms, by W. H. Dall. This species is nearest J/acoma calcarea Gmelin, which is less slender, larger, heavier, and more inequilateral, the outline of the pallial sinus in the left valve is more gibbous and less confluent below, and the beaks much more conspicuous. MACOMA LEPTONOIDEA Dall. (Plate IV, figs. 4, 9:) Macoma leptonoidea Dau, Nautilus, IX, July, 1895, p. 33. Type specimen.—No. 125532, U.S.N.M., from Matagorda Bay, Texas; Lloyd. Figured specimen No. 108579, U.S.N.M., dredged in 332 fathoms green mud, Santa Barbara Channel, California, by the U. S. Fish Commission, at station 2903; and also found at station 2904, near by, in 314 fathoms, the bottom temperature being 44° F. The occurrence of this species in two such different localities is difti- cult to explain; the facts, however, seem beyond question, and the specimens show no differences whatever. Several years intervened between the receipt of the Texas specimen and that of the bottle of dredgings from California, so that there seems no opportunity for a confusion of labels. As the species has not hitherto been figured, illus- trations of it are now furnished. MACOMA ALASKANA new species. (Plate III, fig. 5.) Shell small, very inequilateral, moderately inflated, white, with a polished pale-greenish periostracum; beaks low but acute, two-fifths of the whole length of the shell from the posterior end; anterior end produced, evenly rounded, posterior end descending rapidly toa rather 324 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, blunt point; surface sculptured only with faint incremental lines; hinge normal, strong for the size of the shell; pallial sinus discrepant, in the right valve small, gibbous, short, about two-thirds confluent below; in the left valve large, reaching nearly to the anterior adductor sear, and three-fourths confluent below. Lon. 14, alt. 9, diam. 4 mm. Types.—No. 108652, U.S.N.M., dredged at Lituya Bay, Alaska, in 8 fathoms, sand, by W. H. Dall, at station 1126. The species was also obtained in 12 fathoms, mud, in Sitka Harbor, at station 1109. This little shell looks externally like an Angudus, but internally has the characters of J/acoma. It is not closely related to any of the other Macomas of the coast. MACOMA (INDENTATA Carpenter, var.?) TENUIROSTRIS Dall. Macoma indentata CARPENTER, Proc. Cala. Acad. Nat. Sci., II, 1866, p. 119 (ex parte). The species cited was founded upon two lots of specimens, both from San Pedro, California, one young (Palmer) and fresh, the other (Cooper) dead, more or less worn valves. Dr. Carpenter remarks that it ‘‘dif- fers from JL. wnbonella Lamarck in its secta-like post-ligamental wing. This being rubbed off in the large dead valves, the shell [in them] has the aspect of a very distinct species.” An examination of the mate- rial in the collection of the U.S. National Museum shows that the difference above alluded to by Dr. Carpenter does not rest alone on the absence of the post-ligamental wing. The typical ¢ndentata is a shorter, smaller, flatter, and much less rostrate shell, besides being more inequivalve. For the rostrate form, pending the acquisition of more and fresh material, I would propose the varietal name of fenw7- rostris. It measures: lon. 55, alt. 33, and diam. 16 mm. The nearest specimen of the typical form measures respectively 44, 31, and 12 mm. The beaks are 25 mm. behind the anterior end and in fenwirostris 33 mm. behind it. The left valve is notably flatter than the other in the type, while in the only pair we have of the variety the valves, though flexuous, hardly differ in degree of convexity. MACOMA (PSAMMACOMA) PANAMENSIS new species? (Plate IV, fig. 3.) Shel! elongated, slender, thin, inequilateral, moderately convex, whitish; surface finely concentrically striated with (especially toward the basal margin) numerous obscure radial striulations; beaks rather low, anterior end longer, evenly rounded, posterior end produced, attenuated, and subrostrate; periostracum delicate, yellowish, dehiscent; hinge normal; pallial sinus long, but rather distant (in the left valve) from the adductor scar, about half confluent below, the interior of the Nv.1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDE—DALL. 325 valve near the margins with Bhaniee qieations: ones 39. ale id, diam. 6.5 mm. Type.—No. 96252, U.S.N.M., dredged in 33 fathoms, sand, Panama Bay, at station 2795, by the U. S. Fish Commission. Only a left valve of this species was obtained, which bears a notable resemblance to Jacoma extenuata Dall, from the Gulf of Mexico. In that species, besides the difference of size the pallial sinus seems to approach proportionally nearer the adductor and to be more exten- sively confluent below. More material is necessary to determine the relations of the Atlantic and Pacific shells. Supplementary note.—The details of many matters which are briefly summarized in this paper may be found in full in Trans. Wagner Institute of Science, Volume III, No. 5 EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Puate II. Fie. 1. Macoma limula Dall, North Carolina; lon. 13 mm.; see p. 315. 2. Tellina theringi Dall, La Plata; lon. 27.5 mm.; see p. 311. 3. Tellina georgiana Dall, Georgia; lon. 32 mm.; see p. 310. 4. Macoma mitchelli Dall, Texas; lon. 15 mm.; see p. 314. 5. The same Dall; dorsal view. 6. Tellina (Angulus) flagellum Dall, West Indies; lon. 9.5 mm.; see p. 312. 7. Macoma (Psammacoma) extenuata Dall, Gulf of Mexico; lon. 14.5 mm.; see p. ol4. 8. Tellina ( Elliptotellina) americana Dall, North Carolina; lon. 6.5mm.; see p. 311. 9. Tellina (Angulus) colorata Dall, West Indies; lon. 13.5 mm.; see p. 313. 10. Tellina (Merisea) crystallina Wood, South Carolina; lon. 23 mm.; see p. 311. 11. Tellina (Angulus) promera Dall, Bermuda; lon. 18.5 mm.; see p. 312. Puate III. Fia. 1. Tellina (Moerella) meropsis Dall, California; lon. 16 mm.; see p. 317. 2. Tellina (Merisca) reclusa Dall, Gulf of California; lon. 20 mm.; see p. 315. 3. Tellina (Angulus) panamensis Dall, Panama; lon. 9.5 mm.; see p. 319. 4. Tellina (Angulus) recurva Dall, Gulf of California; lon. 12 mm.; see p. 320. 5. Macoma alaskana Dall, Lituya Bay, Alaska; lon. 15 mm.; see p. 325 6. Tellina ( Peronidia) santarose Dall, young shell; lon. 15 mm.; see p.3 321. 7. Fellina (Angulus) macneilii Dall, Guaymas; lon. 13 ee see p. 318. 3. Tellina (Moerella) paziana Dall, La Paz; jor 9 mm.; see p. 318. 9. Tellina ( Elliptotellina) pacifica Dall, Panama; lon. 81 mim.; see p. 316. 10. Tellina (Angulus) suffusa Dall, Lower California; lon. 13.5 mm.; see p. 319. 11. Tellina ( Angulus) cerrosiana Dall, Cerros Island, Lower California; lon. 7 mm.; see p. 319. 12. Tellina (Moerella) amianta Dall, Gulf of California; lon. 13.5mm.; see p. 317. Pruate LV. Fia. 1. Tellina (Peronidia) santarose Dall, Santa Barbara, California; lon. 52 mm. see p. 321. The same, interior view. . Macoma ( Psammacoma) panamensis Dall, Panama; lon. 31.5 mm.; see p. 324. Macoma leptonoidea Dall, Santa Barbara Channel, California; lon. 21 mm.; see p- 323. bo as 326 IE 12 a“. 13. 14. 15. 16. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII, . Tellina ( Eurytellina) leucogonia Dall, Gulf of California; lon. 34 mm.; see p. 317. 3. Macoma sitkana Dall, interior view, Sitka, Alaska; lon.42 mm.; see p. 323. . The same, external view. . Macoma krausei Dall, ley Cape, Arctic Ocean; lon. 23 mm.; see p. 322. . Macoma leptonoidea Dall, dorsal view; lon. 21 mm.; see p. 323. . Tellina ide Dall, young shell, Catalina Island, California; lon. 20 mm.; see p- 901. The same, interior view. Tellina ( Oudardia) buttoni Dall, interior, showing rib; California; lon. 16 mm. ; see p. 320. The same, external view. Tellina ( Phyllodina) pristiphora Dall, Lower California; lon. 20 mm.; see p. 316. Tellina ( Peronidia) lutea Gray, Bering Sea; lon. 60 mm.; see p. 322. The same, view of the interior of the left valve. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXIll NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDA. FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 325. PL. PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XxXiII NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDA. FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 325, ies il U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXIII PL. IV NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDA. FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 325, 326. THE PELVIC GIRDLE OF ZEUGLODON, BASILOSAURUS CETOIDES (OWEN),' WITH NOTES ON OTHER PORTIONS OF THE SKELETON. By Freperic A. Lucas, Curator, Division of Comparative Anatomy. NOTWITHSTANDING the length of time that the Zeuglodon has been known and the comparative abundance, though usually in a more or less fragmentary condition, of its vertebree and ribs in many parts of the Gulf States, portions of its structure have remained somewhat problematical. This is particularly true of its limbs, and it has been an open question whether or not even vestigal hind limbs were present. The fact that Zeuglodon bones are found in comparatively soft, superficial deposits that have been deeply gullied by the action of water, to the consequent loss of the smaller bones, is largely respon- sible for this lack of information, though it may also be noted that little systematic search has been made for Zeuglodon bones. In 1894 Mr. Charles Schuchert, of the United States National Mu- seum, visited Alabama for the express purpose of obtaining remains of Zeuglodon and succeeded in securing parts of several animals, including 24 consecutive vertebre from the anterior portion of one individual running from the atlas to the third lumbar. This material which also comprised the scapula, humerus, radius, and ulna was briefly described* and used as the basis for the restoration shown at the Atlanta Exposition in 1895. In 1896 Mr. Schuchert again visited Alabama and this time secured 35 consecutive vertebre of one individual, counting from the penuiti- mate forward, the small rounded vertebra which terminates the verte- bral column of cetacea being apparently wanting. ' Harlan’s name of Basilosaurus antedates Owen’s of Zeuglodon and should there- ore be used; Zeuglodon remains a good popular name and is thus employed in this paper. *The American Naturalist, August, 1895, pp. 745-746. _ PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL Museum, VOL. XXIII—No. 1211. 327 328 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. ea Mr. Schuchert has kindly prepared the following brief account of his two visits to Alabama, which shows the conditions under which remains of Zeuglodon occur: The wonderful stories as to the abundance of Basilosaurus (=Zeuglodon) bones in the Gulf States, particularly in the region of Clarke County, Alabama, and the com- plete absence of specimens in the United States National Museum led the writer to investigate their occurrence. In this he received the hearty support of the late Dr. G. Brown Goode and Dr. George P. Merrill. The first trip was made in November, 1894, and the second in October and November, 1896. Large portions of three skele- tons were secured which, together, gave a nearly complete understanding of the osseous structure of Basilosaurus. In addition other bones and invertebrate fossils were secured which will be mentioned beyond. In the pioneer days of southern Alabama settlers found most of the territory wooded, but here and there were found small treeless areas which they called ‘‘prairies.”’ These prairies in Choctaw County, Alabama, are unlike those of Ilinois in that they are always situated on more or less gullied land; in fact are miniature ‘‘ bad lands.”’ They are usually a few acres in extent, but in the region of Cocoaand between Isney and Fail are several miles in length. These open places were the first to be culti- yated, and being of a marly nature were easily tilled and more easily gullied by the rains. Many of these spots are now ‘‘ worn-out’? plantations with no particular value other than grazing land. The collector of Basilosawrus remains remembering the statement as to the abun- dance of these bones described in text-books and elsewhere, that stone walls are built of them, will be surprised to find their abundance for economic purposes restricted to an oceasional large dorsal vertebra supporting the corner of a ‘‘ corn-crib.’? One rarely finds these bones around the habitations or fences, but badly weathered centra are often scattered over the ‘‘ plantations.”’ The bones may occur isolated and scattered, in which case the majority are the centra of dorsal or caudal vertebree, or more or less of a skeleton may be found in position and undisturbed or in a confused interlocking heap. Undoubtedly the then sea bottom was not a soft one since the vertebrae have generally undergone consider- able disintegration, and occasionally there are marks of teeth, and slight incrustation by worm tubes and oysters. Good skulls are rarely seen; in fact but one is known, collected by Dr. Albert Koch, near Fail, and now in a German museum. The nasal region is always ruined, and if a part is present it is usually the thick back region. The teeth and ear bones or a ramus of a jaw are more apt to be present. The pres- eryation of these animals in a normal marine deposit may be accounted for in the complete absence of regular Echinoids which as scavengers are known to grind with their jaws the bones for food. Associated with Basilosaurus and about as common is the little cetacean Dorudon, occasionally vertebree of a large aquatic snake ( Pterosphemus schucherti Lucas) , or the shell of the large fresh-water turtle (Hadrianus schucherti Hay). Vertebre of fishes of three species and an occasional spine or shark’s tooth are also met with. But the most abundant fossil in the region of Cocoa are an irregular echinoid (Hemiaster), Terebratulina, and Ostrea falco Dall. These are the guiding fossils to the upper limit of the ‘“‘Zeuglodon bed,’’ and but a single find of bones was made immediately above this zone. The lower limit of the ‘‘Zeuglodon bed”’ is marked by a great abundance of Pecten perplanus Morton. The ‘‘Zeuglodon bed’”’ in the region examined has a very limited thickness (never exceeding 10 feet and generally is restricted to about 5 feet), but apparently is of great geographical extent, since Basilosaurus bones are reported from Florida to Arkansas. In Choctaw County the strata are buff to whitish marl, with some green glauconitic sand. Around the bones the marl is often indurated and hardened so a No. 1211. NOTES ON THE ZEUGLODON—LUCAS. 329 that they have to be chiseled out. While the associated invertebrate fossils are numerous, but few others than those mentioned can be gathered, due to the incoher- ent, chalky nature of the test or its complete removal by water. The following generalized section shows the horizon in Choctaw County, Ala., for Basilosaurus. Generalized section of the Zeuglodon bed (terminology that of W. H. Dall.) Oligocene Vicksburgian (Red Bluff formation): Tron-stained, reddish marl, with a hardened band about 3 feet thick near the cen- ter. The characteristic fossils are Ostrea vicksburgensis, Spondylus dumosus, and Pecten cocoanus. About 10 feet seen. Eocene Jacksonian (Zeuglodon beds): Soft yellowish-white marl abounding in small lime concretions and foraminifera. But one occurrence of Basilosaurus known here. Thickness, about 5 feet. Echinoid bed. Invertebrates of a few species common—Hemiaster, Terebratu- lina, and Ostrea falco. The general horizon for Basilosaurus, Dorudon, and other vertebrates immediately below the echinoids and throughout the next zone. Thickness, 2 feet. Soft whitish marl abounding in Pecten perplanus, Ostrea trigonalis, and Bryozoa; also Cyprea fenestralis, Auria alabamensis, and Scala ranellina. Thickness, 7 feet. Other Jacksonian horizons come here, followed by the Claibornian. In spite of the number of vertebra present, these two series do not seem to quite complete the vertebral column, which apparently lacks one or two at the point of junction of the two series. The number so far known is 58, distributed as follows: Cervicals 7, dorsals 13, lumbo- caudals 38. Associated with the second series of bones were the two ossa innomi- nata, one of which was found near the twenty-first vertebra counting from the posterior end of the series, the other near the twenty-second, as well as a bone considered to be the femur. As this skeleton had been but little washed about after deposition, the chances or probabilities are that the pelvis belongs somewhere near these vertebrie. Neither of the bones appears quite complete, but there is some rea- son to suppose that the abruptly truncated posterior end of the left os Innominatum is natural, and not, as the first glance suggests, the result of a fracture. This supposition is based on the fact that the straight posterior end is slightly roughened, as if it had been, as in so many animals, capped or terminated by a cartilaginous epiphysis. The pelvis of the eared seals, Ofari7dw, seems to throw the most light on the morphology of the pelvis (just as the skull of /ywmnetopias was of the most service in restoring the cranium), and by its aid we are able to say that ilium, ischium, and pubis are all present, although the ilium is almost aborted and the component bones are fused in one. The pectineal process, which is large, arises from the ilium, and not the pubis, as is shown by the pelvis of a young fur seal. The obturator foramen is large, and seems, in spite of the degenerate 330 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. condition of the pelvis, to have been traversed by a large iliac artery. It isa curious fact that in the eared seals the artery may either directly traverse the pubis or simply pass through the anterior angle of the obturator foramen, or it may be at first free and later on inclosed by bone. There is nothing to determine whether the pelvic halves were attached to the vertebre or lay free in the flesh, as in the Cetacea, but this last supposition seems the most probable. The transverse processes of the twenty-second and twenty-third vertebree differ slightly from those preceding or succeeding them in being a little thicker, rougher, and slightly trihedral at their free extremities; but, unfortunately for the possible deduction that the pelvis was directly attached to either or both of these vertebre, the roughening occurs on the superior face of the process. The acetabulum is of good width and depth, exceeding in size that of a male fur seal, Callorhinus, and nearly equaling that of a fully grown female sea lion, Humetopias. There is an irregular, roughened depression, as if for a ligamentum teres, although it is a little difficult to see the necessity for a ligament in so degenerate a pelvis as that under consideration. Moreover, the round ligament is absent (according to Owen) in the eared and earless seals, although both groups have large depressions in the acetabulum. Found near the nineteenth vertebra was a small, slender bone sug- gesting a femur, and so considered. There is no articular surface at either end, one extremity, which is slightly weathered, having been apparently capped with cartilage, the other having lost a portion while being taken away from the matrix. Found near the twenty-second ver- tebra, however, was a rounded fragment of bone of the proper size and shape for a portion of the head of the femur, and if the broken part of the supposed femur were to be restored after this fragment, it would harmonize with the os, to which it is believed to have belonged. If the interpretation placed on this bone be correct, it will be seen that a large third trochanter is present. This, however, need not be considered surprising, since, however distant the relationship may be between Zeuglodon and the seals, it is a relationship that seems to exist, and Scott and Wortman both consider the seals to be descended from the primitive carnivores, through the Creodonts, and these are char- acterized by the presence of a third trochanter on the femur. Also, while it may seem a little singular to find such a definitely formed, though slender, femur present, if it and the pelvis were completely buried in the flesh, yet from the great bulk of the tail of Baszlosaurus it appears probable that such was the case. It may be said that the last 6 caudals present (the small terminal nodule seems to be lacking) are small, as if embedded in a fluke; that the tenth caudal from the end bears a distinct transverse process, and No. 1211. NOTES ON THE ZEUGLODON—LUCAS. 331 that the caudals increase rapidly in length from the ninth forward, as is shown by the following measurements: Antero-posterior length of centrum of fifth vertebra, 22 inches; sixth vertebra, 34 inches; seventh vertebra, 6 inches; eighth vertebra, 8 inches; ninth vertebra, 10 inches; twelfth vertebra, 13 inches. The length of the left os innominatum, allowing 5 mm. for the broken portion, is 245 mm. from the anterior end of the pectineal process to the posterior end of the ischium. The length of the femur is 196 mm. The material in the collections of the United States National Mu- seum enables us to add a little to the diagnosis of the Bas/losauride, and to differentiate the genera Basilosaurus and Dorudon. The family may be thus characterized: Dentition, i. 3 ¢. 1 pm. 4 m. 3/4; incisors caniniform, lower molariform teeth deeply serrate on one or both edges; premaxillaries and maxillaries elongate; cervicals with com- pressed centra, not ankylosed, but so interlocked by processes as to be practically immovable; anterior ribs more or less expanded distally; scapula with a slender coracoidal and elongate acromial process, both directed forward as in Cetacea; forearm movable on humerus; meta- carpals and phalanges elongate as in Ofardidac, pelvis and hind limb vestigial; femur with a third trochanter. Basilosaurus.—Molariform teeth serrate on both edges, save last lower molar and first upper pre-molar; bodies of lumbo-caudals much elongated, with low neural arch over center of centrum. Dorudon.—Molariform teeth serrate on posterior edge only; bodies of lumbo-caudals short with high neural arch over anterior part. In conclusion it may be said that the writer believes Bas//osaurus left no successors, but considers that like //esperorn/s among birds this highly modified form represents a side branch of the ceto-phocine tree. EXPLANATION OF PLATES, PLATE V. External aspect of right os innominatum of Basilosaurus cetoides, reduced. PuaTE VI. Internal aspect of left os innominatum of Basilosaurus cetoides, reduced. Puate VII. Posterior and anterior aspects of right femur of Basilosaurus cetoides, reduced. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXIII PL. EXTERNAL ASPECT OF RIGHT OS INNOMINATUM OF BASILOSAURUS CETOIDES. FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PA s sce 12 3 Number of anal rays . fo 6 6 Number of pectoral rays....-.....---..- 16 16 Number of pores in lateral jine......-- 28 ae in ht a ae si Al tl it a i a at i Ba me incite ety 3 shat ye No.1213. 4 LIST OF JAPANESE FISHES—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 365 SEBASTODES PACHYCEPHALUS (Temminck and Schlegel). Misaki (Otaki). HELICOLENUS MARMORATUS (Cuvier and Valenciennes). Hakodate (A/batross). Tokyo (Otaki). HELICOLENUS ALBAFASCIATUS (Lacépeéde). Probably distinct from //. dactylopterus, a common species of the Mediterranean, although very closely related. Misaki (Otaki). SCORPAENA FIMBRIATA Doderlein. Tokyo (Otaki). SCORPAZENA ONARIA Jordan and Snyder, new species. (Plate X VI.) (Scorpena neglecta Temminck and Schlegel, not of Heckel.) Type.—Specimen No. 49405, U.S.N.M. Locality. —Misaki, Japan. Collector, K. Otaki. Description.—Head, measured to end of opercular flap, 24 in length; depth of caudal peduncle, 45 in head; eye, 4; snout, 4; maxillary, 2; interorbital space, 72; height of longest dorsal spine, 25; longest ray, 23; anal spine, 23, ray, 25; pectorals, 33 in length; ventrals, 4; caudal, %; number of dorsal spines, 12; rays, 9; anal spines, 3; rays, 5; pec- toral rays, 17; scales in lateral line, 30; pores, 21. Dorsal outline of body angular; its highest point at base of first dorsal spine, from which it slopes anteriorly to tip of snout; posteri- orly to end of dorsal fin; caudal peduncle narrow; head very large. Kye large; high in head; two times as far from end of opercular flap as from tip of snout. Jaws equal; the symphysial knob of lower jaw projecting. Maxillary extending to a vertical through posterior edge of orbit. Bands of teeth on jaws, vomer, and palatines; the vomer and palatine bands narrow. Gillrakers on first arch 5+-9; short, blunt, covered with small, sharp spines. Interorbital space deeply concave; interorbital ridges prominent, close together, ending posteriorly in strong spines. Quadrate pit of occiput distinct. No pit between anterior border of eye and suborbital stay. Supraocular tentacle as long as diameter of pupil. Head very strongly armed. Nasal spines slender. Ocular rim with four large, flat spines; the one above the pupil blunt. Tympanic spine present. Preorbital with a strong spine projecting downward; a bifid spine projecting forward; at the base of these a bifid spine projecting outward; of each bifid spine the upper branch is the longer. Suborbital stay with three strong, flat spines. Preopercle with five spines; the upper longest and bifid in line with those of suborbital stay, the lower short and blunt. Opercle with two 366 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. spines preceded by ridges; two strong occipital spines; two post-tem- poral spines. Head naked, except upper part of opercular flap and on preopercle; the scales of the latter region large, smooth, embedded, and difficult to detect. Body everywhere with scales, except a small axillary space; those on the upper parts strongly ctenoid; those coy- ered by pectoral fin smooth and more or less embedded; breast and region anterior to base of pectoral with deeply embedded, smooth scales. Along the lateral line and scattered over the head and body are small epidermal flaps. Third dorsal spine longest; contained two and one-half times in head; length of first contained two and one-half in third; fourth spine little if any shorter than third; others gradually shorter to the last, which equals the eighth in length. Edge of soft dorsal rounded; longest rays 24 in head. Second anal spine much stronger than others; longest; 3 in head; first spine one-half as long as second. First ray longest; 25 in head. Edge of caudal rounded. First uppermost and 10 lower rays of pectoral simple, the lower ones covered with thick skin. Ventral rays reaching a little beyond tips of pectorals. Color in alcohol, light, clouded above, with darker; a few small dark spots scattered over the body and fins, except ventrals; an elongate dark blotch on upper part of spinous dorsal, between fifth and tenth spines. Two other specimens (cotypes, No. 6275, Leland Stanford Junior Univ. Mus.), which differ slightly from the one described, were col- lected. One has a much smaller blotch on the spinous dorsal, and the small spots on the body are more distinct. The other has no spots on the fins. Scorpena onaria resembles S. jimbriata in general appearance. The former has a much larger and more strongly armed head, larger eye and mouth, and higher dorsal spines. Measurements of Scorpena onaria. |, Length ‘of bodyananm 2.2.2 -n2 =e acsse ses eeee seas eee seer 159} 145] 135 | | Length: of-headan bodies. o-5 ose eee eee eae eee 46 46 46 Depth: of bodys si. sehr eae aan ee Dee ete ee eee roe tates steps 38 40 38 Distan Ge uTOnM SM OMb hol Ors men ae sem ee men en meee! ASN rds ede Distanceirom snoutwtol malls ps2 esses. eee sees eee 78 76 76 | Depth of caudal pedunele. <..-:22-::--2.--.---5 win Sejae sents i 10 11 Lengthiol snouts -32 2c 5 Scie eee eect ener ness eee eae 13 12 13 Lengthiof maxillary. -2 -2scesosnis--= seme maaeccceece ssscseees 23 23 24 | Diameteriof Gyles ao secs aspee ce eee ase me ae eae eee 13 15 1 Width:of interorbitalispacesio- 222... sees seceeaieem ance ee 63 5 6 Length: of base of spimous dorsal 2s as-e ses see eee lee eee ee 41 44 43 Lengthof base Of sofidorsals soo o-oo eee eee aese ec osanses 15 21 163 | | Length of first dorsal spine ---.--.-----....-.-....-.-----..-. 8 10 10 | | Length of third’ dorsal¥spine see ssses nese cee a ee eee 20 17 22; | Length of longest dorsalirayin.-o- (o-6- seeaea sense eee eee 19 19 ila MEME GANO Li base Lesa Ball eae epee een ee ere er ee 14 Sle wey | Length of first/anal) spineso: jo... ease aac eee ee esa 83 Oi Lory | Length of second: anal spimeveacsee == sen nee ere ee eee 17 18) oad Length of thirdianal spines--.2s.>.-seeeee eases steer eeee| 14 15 | 16 | Length of longest anal ray 25-02 -sceee ee ee wee eee | 20 20 20 | Length:of longest pectoralray-- 22-6. c-ee oe 22s eee eee 26 27 28 | | (bength of longest ventralivayeses---s=2 ee eee nee ee ae eee eee 24 23 23 | Length.of caudal, «222k 252 dee ess See nee oe eRe eee 28 28 3 Numiberiol dorsalliraiys’-. 5 nee ae see ee eee 10 ili 9 Number ofiamal rays: -3. 2... 5 ee beer eee 5 5 5 Number of pectoraliraiyss<). <.. --seeessee= nee eee ees 17 17 17 Number ofpores in lateral lines-s2.- eo. nscsee ee eee ae eee 21 22 23 Number of scales above lateral line to base of fifth spine.... 8 8 7 ew yo. 1213. A LIST OF JAPANESE FISHES—JORDAN AND SNYDER. B67 COCOTROPUS POTTII Steindachner. Tokyo (Otaki). PTEROIS LUNULATA Temminck and Schlegel. Tokyo (Otaki). TETRAROGE LONGISPINIS Cuvier and Valenciennes. Tokyo (Otaki). ‘PELOR JAPONICUM Cuvier and Valenciennes. Tokyo (Otaki). Family HEXAGRAMMID. HEXAGRAMMOS SUPERCILIOSUS (Pallas). Iturup Island (A/batross). HEXAGRAMMOS OTAKII Jordan and Starks. (Labrax hexagrammus Temminck and Schlegel; not of Pallas). Tokyo (Otaki). HEXAGRAMMOS OCTOGRAMMUS (Pallas). (Chirus ordinatus Cope. ) Iturup Island; Robben Island (A/batross). HEXAGRAMMOS LAGOCEPHALUS (Pallas). Bering Island; Iturup Island (Albatross). AGRAMMUS AGRAMMUS (Temminck and Schlegel). (Agrammus schlegeli Giinther. ) Tokyo (Otaki). : Family COTTID. ARCHISTES PLUMARIUS Jordan and Gilbert. Ushishir Island (Albatross). PSEUDOBLENNIUS PERCOIDES Gunther. (Pseudoblennius anahaze Bleeker.) Tokyo (Otaki). PSEUDOBLENNIUS COTTOIDES (Richardson). (Centridermichthys marmoratus and C. elegans Steindachner. ) Yokohama (AJbatross). PODABRUS CENTROPOMUS (Richardson). Misaki (Otaki). 368 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. MYOXOCEPHALUS STELLERI Tilesius. ( Cottus decastrensis Kner.) Hakodate (Albatross). ARGYROCOTTUS ZANDERI Herzenstein. Iturup Island (Adbatross). Family PLATYCEPHALID. PLATYCEPHALUS INDICUS (Linnzus). ( Platycephalus insidiator Forskal. ) Tokyo (Otaki). PLATYCEPHALUS CROCODILUS Tilesius. ( Platycephalus guttatus Cuvier and Valenciennes. ) Tokyo (Otaki). INSIDIATOR Jordan and Snyder, new genus. Insidiator (type, rudis) differs from Platycephalus in having 3 pre- opercular spines instead of 2, and in the larger scales and rougher head. INSIDIATOR RUDIS (Giinther). Tokyo (Otaki). Family AGONIDZ. PERCIS JAPONICUS (Pallas). (Agonus stegophthalmus Tilesius. ) Robben Island (Albatross). BRACHYOPSIS ROSTRATUS (Tilesius). Iturup Island (A/batross). PALLASINA BARBATA (Steindachner). Iturup Island (Albatross). PODOTHECUS HAMLINI Jordan and Gilbert. Shana Bay, Iturup Island (Albatross). PODOTHECUS THOMPSON] Jordan and Gilbert. Shana Bay, Iturup Island (A/batross). Gree on fehows. no.1213. A LIST OF JAPANESE FISHES—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 369 Family LIPARIDID. LIPARIS AGASSIZII Putnam. Hakodate (Albatross). Family TRIGLIDZ. CHELIDONICHTHYS KUMU (Lesson and Ga*not). Tokyo (Otaki). LEPIDOTRIGLA LONGISPINIS Steindachner. Tokyo (Otaki). LEPIDOTRIGLA MICROPTERA Giinther. (Lepidotrigla strauchii Steindachner. ) Tokyo (Otaki). Family TRICHODONTIDZ. ARCTOSCOPUS JAPONICUS Steindachner. Iturup Island (Aldatross). Family TRACHINIDZ. NEOPERCIS MULTIFASCIATA Doderlein. Tokyo (Otaki). PARAPERCIS SEXFASCIATA (Temminck and Schlegel). Tokyo (Albatross). Family SILLAGINID®. SILLAGO JAPONICA (Temminck and Schlegel). Tokyo (Otaki; Albatross). Family MALACANTHID. LATILUS SINENSIS Lacépéde. (Latilus argentatus Cuvier and Valenciennes. ) Tokyo (Otaki; A/batross). Family URANOSCOPID ®. URANOSCOPUS ASPER Temminck and Schlegel. Tokyo (Otaki; Albatross). Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii 24 370 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Family CALLIONY MID 2. CALLIONYMUS JAPONICUS Houttuyn. ( Callionymus longicaudatus and C. variegatus Temminck and Schlegel. ) Yokohama (Otaki). CALLIONYMUS RICHARDSONII (Bleeker). Tokyo (Otaki). CALLIONYMUS CURVICORNIS Cuvier and Valenciennes. ( Callionymus valenciennei Temminck and Schlegel. ) (? Callionymus inframundus Gill.) Yokohama (Otaki). CALLIONYMUS BENITEGURI Jordan and Snyder, new species. (Plate X VII.) A Callionymus which we are unable to identify with any known species differs markedly from C. curvicornis and C. japonicus in having a less pointed snout and a much wider interorbital space. We here pee itas Call vony mis beniteguri, new species. Type.—No. 49402, U.S.N.M. From Bay of Tokyo, Japan. Col- lected by K. Otaki. Description.—Head, 3% in body; depth, 23 in head; snout, 24; orbit, 42; interorbital space, 9; maxillary, 2%; first dorsal spine, 24; ray, 14; last dorsal ray, 42 in body; first anal ray, 103; last anal ray, 6$; length of pectoral, 5; ventral, 44; caudal, 24; number of dorsal spines, 4; rays, 9; anal rays, 9; pectoral rays, 20. Body much depressed; snout, viewed from the side, acute; from above, sharply rounded. Upper rim of orbit projecting above dorsal contour of head; interorbital space deeply convex. Eye nearer gill- opening than tip of snout, a distance equal to its longitudinal diameter. Upper jaw projecting a little beyond the lower, maxillary excessively protractile, its posterior end falling short of a perpendicular through anterior edge of orbit, a distance equal to interorbital space. Lips extending laterally as flaps, which unite on each side below the middle of maxillary. Teeth of jaws in narrow villiform bands. Distance between gill-openings equal to length of snout; width of spiracle equal to one-half the diameter of eye. Preopercular spine prominent; posterior end with three large teeth, the first projecting backward; the third projecting upward; a minute tooth proximal to the third; basal part of spine with a tooth equal in size to the first, which pro- jects forward; all the teeth covered with skin, so that only their tips project. Lateral lines extending, one on each side of body and on caudal fin; connected by a loop over posterior part of caudal peduncle, no.1218. A LIST OF JAPANESE FISHES—JORDAN AND SNYDER. oe and by a similar one across the occiput; continuing forward from occipital region a bifid branch is sent downward toward the preoper- cular spine; a similar branch passes downward from posterior edge of orbit. Parietals each with an elevated knob with minute ridges radi- ating from the center. Dorsal spines weak; the first longest, with a short filament; second spine shorter, its base close to that of first; third and fourth spines farther apart, the fourth one-half as long as third. Dorsal rays simple, except the last, which is double, branched, and longer than the others. Anal inserted on a vertical passing half way between second and third dorsal rays; next to last anal ray directly below last dorsal ray; other rays similar in shape to those of dorsal, except that they are shorter. Both dorsal and anal, when folded, reaching base of caudal; the dorsal somewhat the longer. Pectoral pointed, upper edge a little concave; the lower convex; all the rays, except the uppermost and the lowermost, branched. Ven- tral rays, each with about nine branches, the filamentous tips of which project a little beyond edge of fin; membrane of fin attached poste- riorly to middle of base of pectoral. Caudal rounded posteriorly. Color, in alcohol, upper parts brownish with many round and oblong whitish spots, having somewhat darker borders; a row of larger spots along the lateral line; under parts, anterior to anal fin, dead white; in the region of anal yellowish. Dorsal and caudal fins with dark- bordered white spots, among which are scattered brown spots of about the same size; spinous dorsal with a linear dark edge; three lower interradial membranes of caudal brownish, without spots. The type is a female, 185 mm. long. Other females (cotypes, No. 6278, Leland Stanford Junior University) closely resemble the type. There is some variation in the size of the teeth on the preopercular spine, and one of them is sometimes absent. On the dorsal and caudal fins the spots are arranged in more or less definite rows; longitudinally on the dorsal; transversely on the caudal. A male specimen is darker both above and below, the spots on head and body being small and indistinct. The caudal has many large, oval, brown spots on a back- ground marbled with white and brown. The anal is dusky, with whitish crossbars.on the membranes. The first two dorsal spines are broken off just above the edge of the fin. Their size at the broken place indicates that they were much longer. The third spine has a short filament. Family GOBUDZ. ODONTOBUTIS OBSCURUS (Temminck and Schlegel). Yokohama (Otaki). ELEOTRIS OXYCEPHALA (Temminck and Schlegel). Laka Biwa (Otaki). 372 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. ACENTROGOBIUS GYMNAUCHEN (Bleeker). Tokyo (Otaki; Kishinouye). ACENTROGOBIUS PFLAUMI Bleeker. Tokyo (Kishinouye). ABOMA LACTIPES (Hilgendorf). Tokyo (Otaki); Tone River (Kishinouye). CHAENOGOBIUS CASTANEUS (O’Shaughnessy). Tokyo (Otaki); Laka Biwa (Ishikawa). CHAENOGOBIUS MACROGNATHOS (Bleeker). Lake Biwa (Ishikawa; Kishinouye). In some of our specimens from Lake Biwa the maxillary scarcely reaches the eye posteriorly, while in others it extends far past, as figured by Bleeker. The lower jaw projects slightly beyond the upper. Some individuals show scarcely a trace of dark color; others have minute dark dots grouped close together, forming reticulations on the upper parts of the body. The caudal fin has 4 dark vertical bands. The head and nape, as far back as the thin ventral wall of the abdomen, naked; other parts of body with small scales, 52 to 60 in a’ lateral series. Described by Bleeker as scaleless. Dr. Van Lidth de Jeude, of the University of Leyden, kindly sends us the following note concerning Bleeker’s type in the Leyden museum: I am rather inclined to think that the specimen must have had small scales * * *, A careful microscopical examination exhibited on some parts of the body scale- pouches about 0.28 mm. wide, and after softly stroking the tail end with a small scalpel I succeeded in loosening a small scale about 0.25 mm. wide. Dr. Van Lidth de Jeude also adds that it is possible that the scale may have adhered to the specimen examined as a result of contact with some other species. GOBIUS SIMILIS (Gill). (Rhinogobius similis Gill. ) Ishikawa-Ken (Kishinouye). CHATURICHTHYS HEXANEMUS (Bleeker). Lake Biwa (Ishikawa). TRIAENOPHORICHTHYS SQUAMISTRIGATUS (Hilgendorf). Tone River; Ishikawa-Ken (Kishinouye). no.1213. A LIST OF JAPANESE FISHES—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 3t38 TRIFISSUS Jordan and Snyder, new genus. The genus 7r/fissus differs from Triwnophorichthys in having canine teeth, one on each side of the lower jaw posteriorly. Diagnosis of Z777fissus new genus. Type, Zrifissus doturus, new species. Body rather elongate; caudal peduncle, deep; head wide; snout blunt; mouth somewhat oblique; premaxillary extending to a vertical through anterior edge of pupil; jaws equal, with a row of movable, trilobed teeth, followed by small, simple ones; lower jaw with a dis- tinct, curved canine on each side, posterior to the trilobed teeth. Body with small ctenoid scales; nape and posterior part of head with scales; interorbital area, snout, cheeks, and under part of head naked. Dorsal fins not connected, the first with six spines. Ventrals united, free from belly. TRIFISSUS IOTURUS Jordan and Snyder, new species. (Plate X VIII.) Type.—No. 49403, U.S.N.M. Locality.—Bay of Tokyo, Japan. Collector, K. Kishinouye. Japa- nese name, Shimahaze (striped goby). Description.—Head, 3? in length; depth, 43; depth of caudal peduncle, 64; eye, 4 in head; snout, 43; interorbital space, 8; height of longest dorsal spine, 7 in length, ray, 7; longest anal ray 73; length of pectorals, 35; ventrals, 43; caudal, 43; number of dorsal spines, 6; rays, 18; anal, 12; scales in lateral series, 54; in transverse series, between origin of soft dorsal and anal. Head wide and_ flat, its width contained one and a half times in its length; interorbital space, convex. Snout blunt. Mouth slightly oblique; jaws equal; premaxillary extending to a vertical through anterior edge of pupil; lips thick. Upper jaw with a row of 18 long, flat, trilobed, movable teeth, behind which is a row of small, sharp, simple teeth; lower jaw with 20 trilobed teeth, followed by a narrow band of simple, sharp, curved ones; each side of lower jaw with a small, curved canine. Gill-rakers short, pointed. Body covered with small, ctenoid scales, large posteriorly, smaller anteriorly, extend- ing forward on nape and top of head to within a short distance— about the diameter of pupil—of the edge of orbits; other parts of head naked; without barbels. Dorsal fins not connected; third spine longest; others gradually shorter; rays, except first and last, of about the same length. First ray of anal short, simple; others gradually longer. Soft dorsal and anal projecting an equal distance posteriorly. Caudal rounded. Pectoral somewhat pointed, extenting posteriorly as far as tip of depressed dorsal. Ventrals not adherent to belly; their length equal to distance from center of pupil to edge of opercle. A 374 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. dark color-band, equal in width to vertical diameter of pupil, extend- ing from upper edge of eye, along base of dorsal fins to the caudal, where it ends in a distinct, dark spot; a similar band running from tip of snout, through eye, upper edge of base of pectoral and along side of body to a little below middle of base of caudal; an indistinct dark spot on lower part of base of caudal; sides of head with small, light spots; first spine and first ray of dorsal fins with three dis- tinct dark dots; the color extending posteriorly to the membrane; similar spots faintly outlined on the other spines and rays; the mem- branes with minute, dark dots; edges of fins a little dusky. Anal, with a dark band along the edge. Caudal, with indistinct crossbars. Base of pectoral with a white band. Besides the type, one other specimen (cotype, No. 6270, Leland Stan- ford Junior University Museum) was collected. It is a little smaller and has somewhat brighter colors than the type, but differs from it in no other important way. Measurements of Trifissus ioturus. lenethrohbodyincmillimeterssss-esceeneseconneac esse ease 48 43 Lenpthiot head im podiyysoe eee ae eee ee eres eee «29 . 30 Depth of body. ass. 55-2 S522 ee eee ee tee ee eee jeal! Nee w22 Distancestromisnout to dorsalis. ese pee ee eee ee eae eee 387 .38 [* Distance tromisnout toa alesse aes one eee ae eee eee 60 58 |, Depthvor candalipeduncle specs sagen eee nm ete enna 14 13 length on caudalipedun cles sossseteeae eee ee oe eee eee eee toe, BON, hens thot snoutiassssce ese eee oe ase een eee neee 06 - 06 Diameter Of CY¥C@.2.2-i-- oss ed Coes 2 aoe eee eee dae aoe -07 .07 Widthiofinterorbitallspace: sass: +. se s-easeeeee ee sae eee . 03 . 04 Leng thvotbase of spinous Gorsaly 5 soe- eee eee ote eee 18 14 |) ene throm baseoisontid onsallee eee esse eee eee eee - 26 24 |) Length) of longestidorsallispine:=---2--c == -seesea eae eeee 15 .16 |) sbencthiofdlonrestidorsaliraya=-s-osese ss cacti see enon eee .16 .18 hengthiofbaserot annals snc sesee senses ae OSS SS ages -18 .18 | bength otlongestanal Tay: ..-< se seee- eeeeeeee see eee eee -15 .15 hengthofpectoralsai.c..8 esses ae ee ae see See aeeee ee ~25 .23 bength of ventral; o225 so. ae se hoe = ee eee ee we ec 22 . 20 Length ofieaudsl! so ssess -aeae nseieecnisees oe eee eee eee . 23 .23 Number of dorsal spineste aecen.- cece een +e eae ase aee 6 6 Numiberioh dorsal ra yay See cso-se seee= cote seeeee eee 13 13 Numberiofamalirays) <5. 2efscc-s0-- ce e-eene- sneer eeener 12 12 Number of scales in lateral series. ..........-.------------- bf NOs cacese Number of scales between origin of soft dorsal and anal..} 16 |-..-..-- LUCIOGOBIUS GUTTATUS Gill. Tokyo (Otaki). Family BLENNIID. BLENNIUS YATEBEI Jordan and Snyder, new species. (Plate XIX.) The only species of Japanese Blennius known to us is represented by a small specimen collected by the Albatross near Misaki. It is here described as Blennius yatebei, new species. Type.—No. 49404, U.S.N.M. Head, 34 in length; depth, 44; depth of caudal peduncle, 3 in ead; eye, 4; snout, 3; interorbital space, 10; height of dorsal spines, 9 in No.1213. A LIST OF JAPANESE FISHES—IORDAN AND SNYDER. 375 length; anal, 9; length of pectoral, 54; ventral, 7; caudal, 6; number of dorsal spines, 12; rays, 16; anal rays, 18; pectoral, 14; pores in lateral line, 32. Snout short, blunt, its outline rising abruptly to border of eye. Mouth slightly oblique; jaws subequal; maxillary extending to a vertical through center of pupil; upper lip very wide and thin; a thin fold on each side of lower jaw; the folds not connected at the symphysis. ‘Teeth in a single row on each jaw; curved; incisor-like; closely apposed to each other; their cutting edges rounded; 2 strong, curved canines in each jaw; those of the lower jaw immediately behind the incisor teeth; a small space between upper canines and. incisors. Kye oblong; high in head; midway between tip of snout and occiput; upper border of eye with a fringed cirrus, the height of which equals length of snout. Nostril with a flat, branched cirrus. Body naked. Lateral line arched above the pectoral; the pores large anteriorly; becoming indistinct and disappearing on the posterior third of the body. ORCC MMe seas yAciaioe cee eS Sacic eae ce thalassica Bruner. d*. Posterior tibize red or orange. e'. Lateral lobes of the pronotum without a tooth on the posterior part of the lower border. fa: Scutellum of the vertex moderately broad, but plainly less than the short (male) or long (female) diameter of the eye. Pos- terior femora with the disk of the inner face yellow or red, with three black bands, one apical, one preapical, and one median. The latter may extend, as a stripe, toward the base, but the immediate base is very rarely black. Rarel y the whole inner face may be suffused with fuliginous, obscuring the markings ............-..... CITRINA GROUP. g'. Disk of the metazone of the pronotum plainly lighter than the prozone, generally reddish brown in color, and smooth, except for a few large, scattered, generally black granules. Posterior femora chiefly red on the inner side. ‘h}. Lower sulcus, as well as the inner face, chiefly red, with no fuliginous suffusion obscuring the fuscous bands or spots. monticola Saussure. h*. Lower suleus of the posterior femora black or fuliginous. Median carina slight but distinct. campestris Bruner, manuscript. g’. Disk of the metazone not as in the alternative. h’. Median and basal bands of the tegmina solid and not plainly formed by the grouping of spots. i’. Bands of the tegmina conspicuous. ji. Process of the metazone acute. k. Median carina of the scutellum of the vertex distinct. bruneri, new species. k?. Median carina wanting............ Jascicula, new species. j*. Process of the metazone decidedly obtuse. praeclara, new species. i. Bands of the tegmina dim. Color testaceous, plain. Meta- Zone withiits process acute ............... modesta Bruner. h*, Median and basal bands of the tegmina obviously made up of fuscous annuli. Process of the metazone obtuse. citrina Scudder. j?. Scutellum of the vertex equaling the short (male) or long (female) diameter of the eye. Posterior femora with the disk of the inner face black with one or two light bands on the apical half. Fuscous bands of the wings at least one-fourth the length of the wings in width-.----...- LATIFASCIATA GROUP. g*. Posterior femora with two light bands on the inner face. Process of the metazone obtuse angulate with the tip rounded. h'. Median carina of the scutellum of the vertex wanting. Median carina of the metazone of the pronotum elevated and very GUUS GORGE es = Sires Se ge tle yh te pe latifasciata Scudder. h*. Median carina of the scutellum of the vertex distinct. Median carina of the pronotum nearly obsolete on the metazone. laticincta Saussure. Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii 26 402 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. g°. Posterior femora with one light band on the inner face. Process of the metazone of the pronotum acute angular with the tip ~ sharp. h'. Basal half of the wings yellow. i}, Outer half of the wings infuscated -.-........ tolteca Saussure. i*, Outer half of the wings not wholly infuscated, but the apical hyaline part nearly as broad as the fuscous band. pistrinaria Saussure. h®. Basal one-sixth of the wings yellow, apical one-sixth hyaline, remaining two-thirds occupied by the fuscous band. melanoptera, new species. — e®. Lateral lobes of the pronotum with a tooth on the posterior part of the hawer DORIer <0 Ain Ps eee CALIFORNICA GROUP. f}. Tegmina conspicuously banded, or at least with the fuscous puncta- tions well separated into three groups. g'. Pronotum with a light stripe on either side of the disk: Fuscous band of the wings narrow, about one-seventh of the length ofthe wing in ywidth 2.222 anes es californica Bruner. g®. Pronotum quite plain on the disk. Fuscous band of the wings broader, one-sixth or one-fifth the length of the wing in width. h'. Metazone of the pronotum twice as long as the prozone, with the process acute angulate -..-..-----.---- strenua, new species. h®. Metazone of the pronotum once and a half as long as the pro- notum with the process obtuse angulate. montana Bruner, manuscript. f?. Tegmina with scarcely a trace of the usual bands, but with a few scattered spots on the basal half, the rest almost plain. agrestis, new species. d*®. Posterior tibize yellow-green or brown. e'. Lateral lobes of the pronotum with a tooth on the posterior part of the lowerinarcing 252 sse ae sere eee PACIFICA GROUP. pacifica Bruner. e?. Lateral lobes of the pronotum without a tooth. Tegmina distinctly or conspicuously banded, except sometimes in dark colored specimens where the contrast may be slight; fascia large and, though irregular in shape, semisolid and something more than aggregations of fuscous spots. Wings yellow or greenish yellow at the base with a distinct fuscous band. Posterior femora with the disk of the inner face black with iwonlighitbamcds a Sse ee eee eee VINCULATA GROUP. 7‘. Lower sulcus of the posterior femora light, with one preapical black band, or black, with two light bands, one preapical and one median, the latter not merely interrupting the black on the edges of the sulcus, but in the bottom as well. g'. Fuscous band in its usual position in the middle of the wing. — Spur extending less than half way to the base. General — color dark fuscous brown, permitting little contrast in the bands of the tegmina. i. Metazone scarcely more than one and a half times as long as the prozone. Fuscous band of the wings very broad, occu- pying nearly one-third the length of the wings. salina Bruner, manuscript. No.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 408 h?. Metazone twice as long as the prozone. Fuscous band rather narrow, occupying no more than a sixth or seventh of the Lene GMyOratnenwamOSre 22. mee. cas eenc enn similis Scudder. g*. Fuscous band entirely beyond the middle of the wing, making the length of the disk equal to the width. Fuscous spur extending more than half way to the base. Bands of the tegmina contrasting strongly with ground color and very COUSpICUOUSS = Beet eenee sees pallidipennis Burmeister. f*. Lower sulcus of the posterior femora black, with one preapical light band. g'. Posterior tibize yellow or greenish, never brown. h'. Pronotum unusually short, not (male), or a very little (female) longer than wide. Size small, less than 20 mm. (male) or about 25 mm. (female) ....---..-...- collaris, new species. h?. Pronotum not unusually short, considerably longer than wide even in the female. i, Fuscous band very narrow and interrupted; spur acute, extend- ing more than half way to the base. Process of the meta- zone acute. Size small, 20 mm. (male), 25 mm. (female). fralercula, new species. 72. Fuseous band broad, or when narrow distinct and uninter- rupted. ji. Metazone twice as long as the prozone with the process acute. Wings long, barely less than twice as long as wide. Fuscous band narrower, at most not exceeding one-sixth the length of the wing. Lower sulcus of the posterior femora’ with the black not almost severed by the median light IR eur Clee eee Ok Ee a Ee ee ear te -----vinculata Scudder. j*. Metazone less than one and three-quarter times as long as the prozone, with the process rectangular. Wings shorter, being considerably less than twice as long as wide. Fus- cous band equal in width to a fourth or a fifth the length of the wing. Lower sulcus of the posterior femora with the black almost severed by the median light band. saxatilis, new species. g?. Posterior tibiz brown with a pale subbasal annulus. Size small. Wing very broad, less than one and one-half times as long VSL: [OV ROY 6 2 ey 7 ee Oe oe pe ee pilosa, new species. c*, Tegmina thickly punctuate with evenly scattered fuscous annuli, contrast- ing little with the fuscous background and not, or very rarely, collected into groups forming bands. Wings broad with the outer half infuscated or fuliginous; rarely only the tip of the apical part and the veins beyond the fuscous band rane mmiuscated! a= -ss. ses. see eee oe FALLAX GROUP. d‘, Posterior tibize blue, with a ight subbasal annulus or at least a brownish spot on the exterior face. e!, Tegmina evenly maculate with, at the most, faint traces of bands. Process of the metazone acute angulate, at least in the male. fallax Saussure. e®, Tegmina plainly fasciate by the unequal distribution of fuscous annuli. Process of the metazone obtuse-angulate even in the male. nubila, new species. d*, Posterior tibize not blue and without a pale subbasal annulus. 404 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VoL, XXIII. e'. Portion of the wing beyond the fuscous band either fuscous or fuligi- nous, spur reaching half way to the base. conspersa, new species. e?, Portion of the wing beyond the fuscous band hyaline, spur reaching two-thirds the distance to the base - -variegata, new species. a?, Wings entirely hyaline without fuscous band and colored disk, or the latter blue with the fuscous band distinct or indicated by infuseated nerves and cells. Fascia of the tegmina never solid but obviously made up of fuscous annuli often imperfectly segregated. b1, Fuscous band present. Disk blue. Posterior tibize blue, with a light sub- basal ammnulis aes Bee wee CAERULEIPENNIS GROUP. cl. Prozone of the pronotum strongly elevated and bilobate. Disk of the wings faintly tinged with blue. Fuscous band narrow and indistin chs ss ese eee eee caeruleipennis Bruner. c?, Prozone of the pronotum yery little elevated and scarcely bilobate. Disk of the wings deep blue. Fuscous band broad and distinct. cyaneipennis Bruner. b2, Fuscous band wanting. The wing entirely hyaline. Posterior tibize obscure greenish or brown. Posterior femora with the disk of the inner face black with two light bands on the apical half. Lower sulcus light with one preapical black band. AZURESCENS GROUP. c!, Seutellum of the vertex broad, scarcely longer than broad and about equal in width to the diameter of the eye as seen from above. Process of the metazone acute -...-.--- azurescens Bruner. c?. Scutellum of the vertex narrow, plainly longer than broad and much less than equal in width to the diameter of the eye as seen from above. d), Process of the metazone rounded. Basal fuscous band distinct from the fuscous points of the immediate base. Larger, male more ihm Omnis On Sees see pseudo fasciata Scudder. d®, Process of the metazone sharp. Basal fuscous band of the tegmina not distinct from the spots of the immediate base. Smaller, male less; than: 20mm long 22 = assess lauta Scudder, HYALINA group. Testaceous, entirely plain except for a few spots on the tegmina. In size and appearance much resembling Conozoa behrensi, but with most of the characteristic features of that genus weakened or wanting. It, however, forms the connecting link between that genus and 7?rim- erotropis. Scutellum of the vertex wide, about equal to or not much less in width than the short diameter of the eye; median carina very slight. Pronotum with the metazone one and a half times as long as the prozone, with the process very obtuse angulate; lateral lobes with a strong tooth on the posterior part of the lower border. Posterior femora with the inner face light, with the usual dark bands much weakened or wanting. no.121. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 405 TRIMEROTROPIS HYALINA, nriew species. Robust, pale testaceous, almost plain, with a few scattered spots in the middle field of the tegmina occupying the usual position of the fuscous bands; anterior and posterior fields plain except for exceed- ingly faint spots near the base. Scutellum of the vertex moderately deep, with faint median carina, as wide as the short diameter of the eye which is considerably shorter than the genal groove. Pronotum with the prozone elevated, median ‘arina high and strongly bilobed; metazone one and a half times as long as the prozone, with the disk smooth and the process strongly obtuse angulate, its sides straight and tip rounded; lateral carinie obsolete, except upon the front of the metazone and prozone; lateral lobes with a strong tooth on the posterior part of the lower border. Wings entirely transparent and faintly tinged with yellow; fuscous band entirely wanting, and none of the veins or veinlets are infuscated except at the extreme tip of the wing. Posterior femora with the disk of the inner face pale, with scarcely a trace of fuscous band, lower sulcus pale, outer face testaceous, obscurely fasciate. Posterior tibiz obscure yellow. Length of body, female, 30 mm.; length of tegmina, 30 mm.; length of posterior femora, 18 mm. Type.—Cat. No. 5370, U.S.N.M.; one female, California. Deter- mined by Uhler as 7rimerotropis pseudofasciata, to which it is not very closely related. In size, general proportions, and color (except for the very different tegmina and wings) it resembles Conozoa, to which it is much more closely related than 7Zrimerotropis cincta and juliana are. TEXANA group. Size medium, color dark gray varied with yellow or white, with broad light stripes (sometimes indistinct but always traceable) extend- ing from the eyes along the edge of the disk to the posterior border of the pronotum, no definite bands on the tegmina, but some indication of these in their usual position; veins in the apical portion infuscated and generally bordered with fuscous which extends out on the cross veins. Head considerably or much elevated. Frontal costa sulcate above the ocellus as well as below with the carinz continuous with those of the vertex; scutellum of the vertex deeply sulcate, somewhat (female) or considerably (male) longer than broad, the length being increased by the inclusion of the median foveole which are well impressed; lateral foveole equally distinct; antennz in the male about equaling the posterior femora. Pronotum with the disk flattened and lateral carinz absent at least between the sulci; median carine cristate at least on the prozone; metazone with its disk smooth; lateral lobes 406 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. with a tooth on the lower posterior border. Tegmina with the last branch of the radial sector distant from the fork by about one-fourth (female) or one-third (male) the length of the sector; medial and cubital forks fused for a short distance; intercalary vein separatea apically from the median by once (male) or several times (female) its own width; area of the cubital forks narrow. Wings moderately long, but distinctly less than twice as long as broad, with a distinct moderately broad fuscous band at least a sixth of the length of the wings in width continued on the posterior border not more than half- way; spur extending about halfway to the base; apex clear with the tip more or less infuscated, the fuscous markings showing a tendency to follow the main veins. This group includes four closely allied species which show in the markings and structure a distinct tendency to Derotmema. TRIMEROTROPIS TEXANA Bruner. Conozoa texana Bruner, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XII, 1890, p. 65.—Townsenp, Insect Life, VI, 1893, p. 30. Slender, especially in the male, with various shades of brown and white commingled, a whitish spot in the middle of the lateral lobes of the pronotum and a rather indistinct yellowish stripe extending from the principal sulcus above the white spot downward in a curve to the base of the mandibles. Scutellum of the vertex narrow with no (male) or a distinct (female) median carina; eye equal to (male) or distinctly less than (female) the genal groove. Pronotum with the median carina only slightly cristate and bilobate on the prozone, scarcely more than a raised line, equal throughout on the metazone; lateral carinz entirely wanting except-on the anterior of the metazone of the female; meta- zone twice as long as the prozone with the process acute, its margins straight and tip sharp. Tegmina mainly isabelline, but with a dis- tinct lightening in those areas usually occupied by the light bands. This is more apparent and conspicuous on the anterior field. Wings opaque yellowish green at the base, with a rather broad, distinct fus- cous band; apex hyaline with fuscous margining the principal veins more or less on the first and second lobes. Posterior femora with the disk of the inner face and the lower sulcus black with two light bands on the apical half, outer face three black bands, the two proximal ones oblique; posterior tibie dull orange with a ght subbasal annulus. Length of body, male 22 mm., female 27 mm.; length of tegmina, male 24 mm., female 30 mm.; length of posterior femora, 12.5 mm. One male (type), El Paso, Texas, G. W. Dunn, collector; one female, Las Cruces, New Mexico, Townsend, collector; Bruner collection. st wae” ante i i es col at ll sa a 2 as /No.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILI. 407 TRIMEROTROPIS REBELLIS Saussure. Conozoa rebellis SaussurE, Add. Prodr. Oedip., 1888, p. 60. _ This species is unknown to me, as I have not been able to identify it satisfactorily among the species I have examined, and the types are inaccessible. Saussure’s description is appended. Slender, compressed, fulvous, varied with fuscous and white. Antenne rather long and slender. Head narrow, compressed. Facial costa subparallel, sulcate. Seutellum of the vertex pear-shaped, narrow, with the apex foveolate. Lateral foveole triangular, not elongate. Pronotum anteriorly attenuate and granulate. Prozone rather strongly cristate, when seen from the side strongly bidentate or bilobate, as in the genus Trachyrrhacis. Metazone scarcely rugulose, in the female transverse, obtuse angulate, carinate, with the lateral carinze acute. Lateral lobes with the lower angle led into a tooth with margin behind the angle arcuate. Tegmina narrow, peculiarly sprinkled with fuscous, everywhere fuscopunctulate; costal mar- gin with a fuscous spot at the base and in the middle; middle field with three to four elongate fuscous spots, the last frequently fading near the radial vein. Basal half densely reticulate; intercalary closely approaching the median vein; apical part quadrate reticulate. Wings sulphur yellow at the base, with the fuscous band not continued upon the posterior margin, anteriorly scarcely narrowed and sending toward. the base an incomplete stripe; anterior margin beyond the band black. Apical part hyaline, reticulate with fuscous or with fuscous lines and spots. Outer posterior margin somewhat sinuate. Posterior femora with three black bands on the inner and the outer face; white on the lower part of the outer face. Posterior tibie bluish. Cheeks and sides of the pronotum fasciate or spotted with white; pronotum sometimes with five fuscous stripes and the meso and metapleura with two white stripes. Length of body, male 15 mm., female 22 mm.; length of tegmina, male 18.5 mm., female 22 mm. California (Bruner collection, No. 9727). TRIMEROTROPIS ALBOLINEATA Bruner. Conozoa albolineata BruNER, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XII, 1890, p. 66. A graceful and slender species, recalling the male of Syrbula admir- abilis. In addition to the markings common to the group which are all present in increased strength in this species, it has three parallel fuscous stripes on the occiput, one behind each eve extends across the upper edge of the lateral lobes of the prozone, two fuscous preceded by two white stripes on the meso and metathorax and a white stripe running along the genal groove, and this followed by a fuscous streak. Head more strongly elevated than in any species of the genus, in this and many other respects strongly resembling Derotmema. Eyes as fong (female) or a little longer (male) than the genal groove; antenne jong in both sexes, scarcely exceeding the posterior femora. Pronotum with the disk moderately high and bilobate on the prozone, linear on the metazone; lateral carine nearly obsolete even on the meta- zone and front of prozone, metazone one and a half (male) or one and 408 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXUT. three-quarter (male) times as long as the prozone, process very obtuse- angulate, sides straight and tip sharp. Tegmina with the middle and posterior fields nearly entirely infuscated, anterior field yellow or whitish with a single basal spot of fuscous at the point of greatest width near the base. Wings as in other species of the group. Posterior femora with three or four dark bands on a light ground on the inside, lower sulcus light with two dark bands, exterior face very distinctly marked with alternate white or light and fuscous oblique bands. Posterior tibie, obscure greenish. Length of body, male 1)mm., female 28 mm.; length of tegmina, male 19 mm., female 29 mm. ; length of posterior femora, male 10 mm., female 15 mm. One male, Los Angeles, California, Coquillett, collector. One male, Los Angeles, California, Koebele, collector, Bruner collection. Numerous specimens, Ontario, California, June, Snodgrass, collector. Museum of Stanford University. TRIMEROTROPIS CRISTATA, new species. Closely related to Zrimerotropis texana, from which it may be dis- tinguished by the following characters: Color as in that species, but with a reddish tinge sometimes replac- ing fuscous gray. Scutellum of the vertex deep, with a distinct median “arina; eyes decidedly shorter than the genal grooves. Pronotum with the median carina very strongly cristate on the prozone, and equally distinctly bilobate, the first lobe being one-half and the second fully as high as long; on the metazone a slight but distinct raised line. Lat- eral carine present only on the front of the metazone; the latter little more than once and a half as long as the prozone, with the process strongly obtuse-angular, the margins straight, and the tip rounded. Tegmina with the light area prevailing in the anterior and posterior fields and about equaling the dark in the middle field. Wings as in that species, but transparent and faintly tinged with yellowish green on the disk, with the fuscous band narrower and scarcely at all con- tinued on the posterior border toward the base. Posterior femora as in that species, but with the black deeper and more extensive on the inner face and lower sulcus, and less distinct on the outer face. Pos- terior tibie obscure yellow, with no subbasal annulus. Length of body, female, 26-29 mm.; length of tegmina, 27-28 mm.; length of posterior femora, 134 mm. One female, San Julio, Lower California, Charles D. Haines, col- lector, April; one female, 4,300 feet, Salt Lake Valley, Utah, August 1 to 4, Bruner collection. This species has been mistaken for Oonozoa sulcifrons, but it is very unlike that species as I recognize it, and certainly does not answer to Saussure’s description, no.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 409 TRIMEROTROPIS PORRECTA, new species. Similar to 7rimerotropis texana, but smaller and distinct in the fol- lowing respects: Pronotum with the median carina very strongly cristate on the metazone as well as the prozone, in this respect agreeing well with Conozoa, on the latter not lobate and hardly perceptibly intersected, in this particular agreeing with Spharageman, lateral carine entirely obsolete; anterior margin strongly angulate; metazone one and a half times as long as the prozone, with its disk rugose with elongate granu- lations, process of the metazone acute angulate, the margins slightly sinuate and tip sharp. Tegmina rather evenly infuscated with dusky annuli in the middle and posterior fields, with a light indefinite stripe along the anal vein; anterior field almost entirely occupied by two broad distinct fuscous bands, each preceded by a small quadrate yel- low spot. Wings as in the preceding species. Posterior femora as in tevana. Posterior tibie yellow without a pale annulus. Length of body, male, 18 mm.; length of tegmina, 20 mm.; length of posterior femora, 10 mm. One male, California, Koebele, collector, Bruner collection. This species has also been mistaken for Conozoa suleifrons, doubtless on account of the uninterrupted crest of the prozone. It does not, how- ever, at all resemble that species, and is a consistent member of the tecana group, though it is difficult to determine its nearest relative on account of the peculiar structure of the pronotum. MARITIMA group. Size, medium or large; color, dull brown, plain or isabelline with no bands on the tegmina, and spots when present showing no tendency to arrange themselves in bands. Scutellum of the vortex about as broad as long, in the males apparently somewhat longer by the inclusion of the median foveole; frontal costa distinctly and strongly suleate above the ocellus, its lateral carine often continuous with those of the vertex; eyes about equal (male) or much less (female) than the genal grooves; antenne long but not exceeding the posterior femora even in the male. Pronotum with the median carina slightly cristate on the prozone; disk flat with the shoulders well marked and the lateral ‘arin: not entirely wanting; metazone about twice as long as the pro- zone, lateral lobes with the margins well rounded or if a slight tooth is present then plainly sinuate on the anterior half. Tegmina long. Wings with the fuscous band narrow, distinctly less than one-sixth the length of the wings in width. Posterior tibiee obscure. This group includes three well-marked species, each of which, in addition to characteristics possessed in common with the others which recall Conozoa, varies independently in that direction. Maritima, tor 410 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. instance, in some specimens, has the lateral lobe very nearly as in that: genus. Coguilletti has the areas of the cubital forks so simplified that it contains only about four quadrilateral cells at one end, the rest being hyaline without cross veins. (oc7lis, in some specimens, has the median carina cristate on the metazone and as high as that of the pro- zone. Each of these, then, has a character belonging (but not peculiar) to Conozoa, as I have defined it, but, since they vary independently, xach has two characters of 7r/merotropis to the one of Conozoa. It these three species, then, should be included in Conozoa, nearly one-half of the characters I have been able to find to characterize that genus would become nearly useless. If we further take away the characters of Conozoa which they lack, the pattern of tegmina and the elongate scutellum, we should have nothing left peculiar to the group but the ‘‘lateral carine well developed” and the ‘* frontal costa sulcate above the ocellus.” But the first group culminates in a species in which the lateral carinzee of the prozone are completely broken down, so that nothing would be left peculiar to the group but ** frontal costa sul- cate,” and this will hardly do to found a genus on. But it would not only be impracticable to retain these groups (and they are too closely related to include one and not the other), but it would be illogical. Tewana and hyalina have been yarying in different directions, and each is much more nearly related to a typical Zrimerotropis, like ceruleipes, than it is to the other. These groups, then, must be retained in Zr/merotrop/s, or at least removed from Conozoa, and, while not as distinct as genera should be, they may be considered to form a subgenus. TRIMEROTROPIS MARITIMA Harris. Locusta maritina Harris, Rept. Ins. Inj. to Veg., 1841, p. 178. Oedipoda maritima Unuer, Treat. Ins. Inj. to Veg., 1862, p. 178.—Scupper, Mat. Mon. N. Am. Orth., 1862, p. 472.—S. I. Smmrn, Rept. Ent. Conn., 1872, p. 373.—THomas, Acrid. of N. Am., 1873, p. 124. Trimerotropis maritima Sv&u, Recen. Orth., I, 1873, p. 135.—Scupper, Dist. of Ins. in N. H., 1874, p. 378.—THomas, Ninth Rept. Ent., Ill., 1880, p. 113.— Saussurk, Prodr. Oedip., 1884, p. 172.—Frrna.p, Orth. of New Eng., 1887, p.45.—Davis, Ent. Am., V, 1889, p. 81.—McNEILL, Psyche, VI, 1891, p. 64.—J. B. Smirn, Bull. 90, N. J. Agr. Exp. Sta., 1892, p. 34.—Morsz, Psyche, VII, 1894, p. 105.—BuarcHiey, Can. Ent., XX VI, 1894, p. 218.— BEUTENMULLER, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., VI, 1894, p. 299.—BLATCcHLEY, Proc. Ind. Hort. Soc.; 1896, p. 21; Can. Ent., XXX, 1898, p. 61. Size medium or large, color isabelline and plain on the front and sides of the head, the lower part of the sides of the thorax and abdomen as well as the legs more or less white. Scutellum only moderately infuscate with the sides considerably elevated and continuous with the carine of the frontal costa; median foveole almost obsolete, lateral foveole well impressed, antenne long. Pronotum with the median ‘arina low and scarcely cristate even on the prozone, lateral carine + Rea € oe Te 4 ero + No. 1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 411 very variable either obsolete, except on the front edge of the prozone or more or less developed throughout; metazone about twice as long as the prozone with the disk smooth and the process obtuse angulate, its margins slightly sinuate and tip sharp; lateral lobes with the poste- rior angles rounded, or with a slight tooth, but then the lower margin is strongly sinuate anteriorly. Tegmina isabelline without bands, sometimes faintly clouded on the basal half; last branch of the radial sector distant from the fork only a little less than half the leneth of the sector; intercalary vein distant apically from the median by more than (male) or several times (female) its width; cubital and median forks free or united by a cross vein; area of cubital forks filled by several rows of irregular cells. Wings long, twice as long as wide with the apex attenuated; disk faintly yellow with a fuscous band of variable width, but never as much as one-sixth the length of the wing, continued but a little way on the posterior border, spur extending about half way to the base; apex hyaline. Posterior femora pale on the inside, with traces of three dark bands, lower surface pale, outer side without distinct bands. Posterior tibie obscure sometimes with a white sub-basal cloud on the outer side. Length of body, male, 24 mm., female, 34 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 25 mm., female, 35 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 13 mm., female, 17 mm. Atlantic States, from Virginia northward and alone the shores of the Great Lakes west to Illinois. TRIMEROTROPIS OCHRACEIPENNIS Blanchard. Oedipoda ochraceipennis BLANCHARD, in Gay, Hist. Fisic de Chile, Zool., VI, 1851, ae eelidee Oedipoda cineresceus BLANCHARD, in Gay, Hist. Fisic de Chile, Zool., VI, 1851, Deaio. Oedipoda placida SvAu, Freg. Eng. Resa, Ins. Orth., 1860, p. 344. Trimerotropis placida SrA, Recen. Orth., I, p. 134.—Saussure, Prodr Oedip., 1884, p. 172. I have been unable to recognize this species among any of the forms IT have seen. I append Saussure’s description: Very similar to Trimerotropis maritima, but smaller, with the head and pronotum rugulose; vertex rugulose; lateral foveolee elongate or triangular. Pronotum densely punctate; crest of the prozone rather prominent and strongly bilobate, with the lobes inclined backward; disk of the metazone granulate, distinctly carinate. Tegmina fusco- trifasciate. Wings with the disk sulphurous, with a narrow arcuate fuscous band composed of separate clouds, vanishing upon the posterior margin; two poste- rior areas (median and cubital) of the anterior lobe very unequal. Posterior femora a little swollen, banded-var—a, axillary vein of the tegmina confluent with the anal; b, fuscous band of the wing continuous ( Ochraceipennis Blanchard); ¢, fuscous band in separate spots (Signatipennis Blanchard). Length, male, 22 mm.; female, 28 mm.; tegmina, male, 26 mm., female, 31 mm. AB a PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. In coloration very similar to 7rimerotropis maritima, but smaller, and distinct from that in the different venation of the wings. Saussure in his conspectus of the species of Zrimerotropis includes this in the groups having blue (mar7tima is also in this group, so his blue probably means any color but red, the other alternative) hind tibize. Chile, South America, Saussure. TRIMEROTROPIS GRACILIS Thomas. (Edipoda gracilis Tuomas, Geol. Surv. Terr., 1871, p. 461; Acrid. of N. Am., 1873, p. 121. Trimerotropis gracitis Saussurg, Prodr. Gidip., 1884, p. 171. Size medium or large; color dull grayish brown. Secutellum with the median carina slight but distinct. Pronotum with the median ‘arina somewhat cristate on the metazone; lateral carine distinct, except between the sulci. Metazone scarcely twice as long as the prozone, with the process slightly obtuse or acute angulate, the margins straight and the tip sharp. Tegmina plain, except for an indefinite cloudiness basally and irregular and broken linear infusca- tions of the principal veins and their branches; last branch of the radial sector distant from the fork one-third (male) or one-fourth (female) the length of the sector; intercalary vein separated apically from the median by scarcely more than its own width; cubital and median veins free or connected by a short cross vein; area of the cub- ital forks narrow, occupied, basally at least, by a single series of quadrate cells. Wings long, twice as long as wide, scarcely attenuate at the apex; disk faintly greenish yellow, followed by a narrow fus- cous band much broken and indistinct, often indicated by a darkening of the veins merely, continued for a very short distance on the pos- terior border, spur extending much more than half way to the base; apex hyaline, with the extreme tip sometimes slightly infuscated, but generally all the veins and cross veins are darkened. Posterior femora black, with two light bands on the apical half; lower sulcus black, with one light preapical band; outer surface plain or obsoletely banded. Posterior tibix brown, without any subbasal annulus. Length of the body, male, 21 mm., female, 24 to 30 mm.; length of the tegmina, male, 22 mm., female, 25 to 30 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 10} mm., female, 12 to 14 mm. One male, one female, Birch Creek, Idaho, August; one female, Salt Lake Valley, Utah. Bruner coliection: One female, Salmon City, Idaho, August. The U.S. National Museum contains specimens from Douglass, Wyoming; Yellowstone, Montana and Colorado. Colorado, Saussure, i no.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 413 TRIMEROTROPIS COQUILLETTI, new species. Size medium. Color dark brown, nearly plain, since the punctations are so small and dense as to serve merce to darken the general color without being themselves conspicuous. Scutellum of the vertex with a distinct median carina; median foveole deeply and lateral foveole very lightly impressed. Pronotum with the prozone elevated somewhat and the median carina cristate and slightly -bilobate; lateral carine obsolete on the metazone, visible on the front margin of the prozone; metazone a little less than twice as long as the prozone and rugulose with a few scattered larger gran- ulations; margins of the obtuse-angulate process straight, the tip rounded. Tegmina very long, with ane entire middle field Grepotted except narrowly along the margins and hyaline on the outer half, yel- low on the inner; anterior field infuscated by the presence of numer- ous macule on the basal third beyond with a single not very regular series of fuscous spots of varying sizes extending along and on either side of the principal veins; posterior field thickly maculate with fus- cous points at the base beyond infuscated and impunctate; last branch of the radial sector distant from the fork almost half the length of the sector; intercalary vein separated distally from the median by its own width; area of the cubital forks hyaline at the base for half its length without cross veins, beyond with a few cross veins. Wings very long, distinctly more than twice as long as wide, with the apex greatly attenuated, so that the posterior margin is subparallel with the anterior. Disk light yellow, with a narrow distinct fuscous band extending along the posterior margin nearly to the anal angle, with a spur Poaching ‘half way toward the base; apex hyaline. Postaring femora with the disk of the inner face black with two white bands, lower sulcus black with one; outer face with one pale preapical pre- ceded by a fuscous band. Posterior tibiz obscure yellow. Length of body (female), 26 mm.; length of tegmina, 30 mm.; length of Bone e femora, 14 mm. Type.—Cat. No. 5871,U. S. N. M.; ; one female, San Bec County, California. Coquillett collection. ae species is named in honor of the distinguished entomologist *. D. W. Coquillett. CINCTA group. In the pattern of the wings and in the flatness of the disk of the pronotum transitional to Conozod. Frontal costa suleate for a short distance above the ocellus; scutel- lum of the vertex moderately sulcate, about as wide as long (female), or considerably longer (male) because of the inclusion of the median 414 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. foveole; eyes about equal (male) or a very little less (female) than the genal groove; antenne slightly exceeding (male) the posterior femora. Pronotum with the disk flat and the shoulders well marked even on the prozone, and lateral carine present on the anterior of the meta- zone and in front of the first sulcus, broken or entirely wanting between, and on the posterior part of the prozone; median carina moderately elevated and bilobate on the prozone with the anterior lobe much greater than the posterior; process of the metazone obtuse angulate with the sides straight and the tip sharp; lateral lobes with the posterior angle rounded. Tegmina with the median and _ basal dark bands solid and well defined, extending across the anterior and middle fields, the former sometimes faintly visible on the posterior field also; the light bands just beyond the dark ones about equal to each other and to the dark bands; apical third with fuscous annuli in somewhat regular series along either margin with a few scattered ones on the area between which has the principal and the adjoining vein- lets darkened; extreme base punctate with fuscous; posterior field impunctate or most obscurely punctate; area of the cubital forks broad and filled with several series of polygonal cells in the female, in the male narrewer, but the cells are in about two series; median and cubital forks not fused, free or united by a cross vein; inter- calary vein separated from the median toward its tip by a distance several times (female) or at least once (male) its own width. Wings narrow, with the disk pale-greenish yellow, with the fuscous band narrow and ill-defined on the outside, shading off into fuliginous but disappearing for the most part in the subapical area, the tip again becoming infuscated or remaining clear, continued on the exterior margin less than half way to the anal angle. Spur long, extending more than half way to the base. Posterior femora with the disk of the inner side black with two light bands on the apical half; lower sulcus pale or more or less suffused with fuscous, with one black band before the pale preapical band. TRIMEROTROPIS CINCTA Thomas. (dipoda cincta Thomas, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1870, p. 80; Geol. Sury. Wyo., 1870, p. 275. Probably none of the other references to Edipoda, Mestobregma, or Trimerotropis cincta belong here. Thomas probably confused three, if not four, species under this name, one J/estobregma and three 77i- merotropis. See Trimerotropis vinculata and saxatilis. Size medium, color dark and nearly plain except for two distinct, narrow, black bands which extend across the face, one just above and the other just below the insertion of the antenne. These bands unite at the eye and extend as a narrow stripe from the posterior margin of the eye, across the No.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 415 head, and along the upper margin of the lateral lobes of the prono- tum; on the head, behind the eye, it is accompanied by a narrow, yellowish stripe just above it. Scutellum with the median carina slight but rather distinct. Pronotum with the disk of the metazone roughened with rather numerous, short, linear granulations. Poste- rior tibizw very variable, either obscure or red with a brownish basal cloud or livid with a distinct, subbasal, pale annulus, or brown without cloud or annulus. One female (type) (Adipoda cincta) Thomas, southeast Colorado, Texas, and New Mexico, 1869, U. S. National Museum; one female, Colorado; one male, 1 female, Pine Ridge, Nebraska, July (types of Conozoa silvicola Bruner), Bruner collection. This species is unique, so far as my experience goes, in having such variable coloring of the tibize and in the black facial bands. The male from Pine Ridge has red tibiee; the female from the same locality, plain brown ones; the female from Colorado, livid ones with a com- plete ring and the tips with the color obscure, and a brown cloud on the outside. TRIMEROTROPIS JULIANA Scudder. Trimerotropis juliana ScuppER, App. JJ. Ann. Rept. Chief of Eng., 1876, p. 514. Trimerotropis fontana THomas, Proc. Day. Acad. Nat. Sci., I, 1876, p. 271.—Brv- NER, Third Rept. U. 8. Ent. Com., 1885, p. 57; Rept. U.S. Com. Agr., 1885, p. 807.—Saussure, Add. Prodr. Gidip., 1888, p. 171. This species is remarkably similar to Zr¢merotropis cincta Thomas, from which it is apparently different in the entire absence of the’ black bands of the face and in the broader vertex which in that species is searcely, in this much more than half the short diameter of the eye. One female (determined by Scudder), American Fork Canyon, 7,500 feet, August 5; one female, Salt Lake Valley, Utah, 1878, Bruner collection; one female, Spring Lake, Utah (probably one of the three type specimens of Zrimerotropis fontana, U. S. National Museum. Common in Yellowstone Valley, Montana, Bruner. CAERULEIPES group. Species of small or medium size with the ground color generally dark, and when light not much varied with fuscous on the head and pronotum, but with the basal bands of the tegmina present and either semisolid and more or less conspicuous, or if obviously composed of smaller maculations then distinct by reason of their contrasting colors and the thorough segregation of the spots. Scutellum moderately wide but not exceeding the short diameter of the eye even in the male and never wider than long; median carina never entirely absent but frequently indistinct. Pronotum with the 416 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. prozone only slightly elevated and the median carina barely bilobate, on the metazone linear; metazone from one and a half to scarcely twice as long as the prozone; lateral lobes without a tooth. Tegmina with the area of the cubital forks occupied by several rows of polygonal cells; intercalary vein apically not more distant from the median vein than by its own width. Wings with the disk green or greenish yel- low, the fuscous band narrow and interrupted, or if broader weak or interrupted along the radiate veins or wanting, in this case the apical half is wholly fuliginous and fuscous. When present continued never more than halfway to the anal angle. Spur when present elongate, extending more than halfway to the base. Posterior femora with the inner face black with two lighter bands on the apical half. Posterior tibie blue with the extreme base black preceded by a pale annulus. TRIMEROTROPIS CAERULEIPES Scudder. Trimerotropis caeruleipes ScuppER, 2d Rept. U. S. Ent. Com. App. II, p. 27, 1880. Size small or medium; dark brownish cinereous, much, though not conspicuously, varied with fuscous maculations; scutellum considerably longer than broad (male), with the median carina exceedingly faint; lateral and median foveolx deeply impressed; eye of the male slightly longer than the genal groove. Pronotum with the metazone about twice as long as the prozone; shoulders well defined with a trace of the lateral carinee on the front as well as at the front margin of the prozone; disk of the metazone with a few scattered larger granula- tions; process of the metazone rectangular or slightly obtuseangular with the sides straight and the apex barely rounded. Tegmina with the bands composed of fuscous spots and annuli arranged into a dis- tinct basal and median band, on the apical third, scarcely forming a band, but extending along either margin; radial sector with the last branch distant from the fork about one-half (male) the length of the sector: median and cubital forks not fused. Wings long and narrow with the disk pale green, the fuscous band narrow, interrupted and scarcely continued toward the anal angle; spur distinct, extends more than halfway to the base; apex pale with the extreme tip more or less ‘nfuseated. Posterior femora with the lower sulcus black, except for a single preapical light band; outer face with the indistinet preapical pale band preceded by two and followed by one not very conspicuous fuscous bands. Length of body, male, 18 to 21 min. ; female, 25 mm.; length of teg- mina. male, 19 to 22 mm., female, 26 mm; length of posterior femora, male, 10 to 114 mm., female, 12 mm. One male, without locality; one male, Marble Valley, Eldorado County, California, Bruner collection; one male and two females, Portland, Oregon; Sissons, California, Scudder. No.1215. RE VISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEI LL. 417 TRIMEROTROPIS TESSELATA, new species. > Trimerotropis coeruleipes TOWNSEND, Ins. Life, VI, 1893, p. 31. Similar to 7rimerotropis cacruleipes in the structure of the head and pronotum and very closely related to it. The following points of dif- ference may serve to distinguish it. Size medium, with unusually slender tegmina and wines; color, ash with a slight suffusion of brown on the top of the head and pronotum, and base of the tegmina much and strongly varied with fuscous. Head as in that species, except that the vertex is more prominent, forming a right angle (seen from the side) with the front, the tip of the angle slightly rounded instead of a decidedly obtuse angular. Pro- notum with the process of the metazone very strongly obtuse angulate, with the margins straight and the tip sharp. Tegmina very long and slender and decidedly falcate at the tip, cinereous, with very conspicu- ous fuscous bands at the end of the first, second, and third quarters, each of these solid and well defined on the anterior and middle field, punctate on the posterior field; beyond the third fuscous band is a series of large, distinct, triangular spots on either margin, with a very few equally distinct and well-defined spots in the middle area; light bands unspotted, except the basal one, which has a few fuscous pune- tations; radial sector with its last branch not more distant from the fork than a third (male) of the length of the sector. Wings long and narrow, the length slightly exceeding twice the width; apex slightly attenuated; disk nearly opaque light green with a yellowish tinge, with the outer half entirely infuscated, less deeply preapically; the fuscous border is continued along the posterior margin a little less than half way to the anal angle, spur extending distinctly more than half way to the base. Posterior femora with a faint preapical light band, but the fuscous bands inconspicuous. Hind tibize pale blue, with the subbasal pale annulus inconspicuous. Length of body, male, 215 mm.; length of tegmina, 243 mm.; length of posterior femora, 12 mm. One male, Turkey Tanks, Arizona, July 17, Bruner collection. This is the species probably which is mentioned by Townsend’ under the name of coeruleipes. TRIMEROTROPIS CALIGNOSA, new species. This species is very closely related to the two preceding species, but is strikingly different in color. Size, medium; color, very dark fuscous, almost black, except for the well-defined and distinct light bands on the tegmina, and the lighter ground color of the posterior femora. Head as in the two preceding species, with the vertex not quite so ‘Insect Life, VI, p. 31. Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii——27 418 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VoL. XX. prominent as in the last, and the median carina more distinct, espe-_ cially in the posterior part of the scutellum and on the occiput; antenne distinetly attenuate at the tip. Pronotum with the disk of the meta- zone supplied with rather numerous linear granulations; process of the metazone decidedly obtuse angulate, with the margins straight and the tip sharp. Tegmina long and slender, entirely infuscated, or at_ -least fuliginous, except the usual light bands beyond the first and sec- ond quarters, which are well defined and distinct, but scarcely light enough to be conspicuous, the outer much narrower. By transmitted light the usual punctations at the extreme base and on the apical third ] ‘an be seen; last branch of the radial sector distant from the fork a third or less (male), or a quarter (female). Wings with the disk trans- § parent, tinged with olivaceous green, the outer half transparent but faintly fuliginous, with the extreme tip and, in some specimens, clouds in the region of the fuscous band slightly infuscated. Posterior femora with a light preapical band, followed by one and preceded by two rather distinct fuscous bands. Posterior tibie steel blue, witha } very distinct whitish subbasal annulus. : Length of body, male, 22 mm., female, 28 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 234 mm., female, 29 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 12 mm., female, 14 mm. Types.—Cat. No. 5872,U.S.N.M.; two males, Los Angeles County, | California; one female, California. This form may be but a variety of the last, but its strikingly differ-_ ent coloration and the unusual wings forbid my placing it there. TRIMEROTROPIS ALBESCENS, new species. Size small, color white, sparsely punctate with black on the prono- tum and conspicuously banded with black on the tegmina and posterior femora. Scutellum moderately suleate, considerably longer than broad, with a very indistinct median carina; median and tateral foveole well impressed; eyes more than equal (male) to the genal groove. Prono- tum with traces of the lateral carine on the front part of the prozone and metazone, the latter one and a half times as long as the former; disk of the metazone with a very few larger granulation; process rectangular, with the sides straight and the tip sharp. Tegmina, like the body, white, with the basal band narrow and nearly solid, the median and third bands narrow and obviously made up of maculations, but very conspicuous; beyond the third fuscous band a few groups of fuscous annuli; all the white bands very broad and impunctate, except the basal, with a few dusky points, and an oblique black dash — just beyond the edge of the pronotum when the tegmina are closed; | last branch of the radial sector distant from the fork more than one third (male) the length of the sector; median and cubital forks not— . ee | No. 1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 419 fused, but free. Wings with the disk light yellow, nearly transparent, bordered by a few fuscous clouds representing the fuscous band, apex hyaline. Posterior femora with the lower sulcus white except for a narrow stripe on the basal half and a band preceding the preapical light spot; exterior face white, except for avery distinct fuscous band preceding the preapical light band and a few faint clouds represent- ing the other bands. Posterior tibize blue with the-base black, followed by a distinct white annulus. Length of the body, male, 18 mm.; length of the tegmina, 19 mm. ; length of the posterior femora, 9 mm. — Type.—Cat. No. 5373, U.S.N.M.; one male, Los Angeles, Coquillett, collector. | TRIMEROTROPIS BIFASCIATA Bruner. Trimerotropis bifasciata BRUNER, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XII, 1890, p. 70. Size, small or medium; color, plain brown with a reddish tinge, with conspicuous dark solid bands on the tegmina. Seutellum but little longer than broad, moderately sulcate, with distinct, though slight, median carina; median and lateral foveole deeply impressed. Pro- notum with no trace of lateral carine at the anterior margin of the prozone; metazone about once and a half as long as the prozone, the disk with a few indistinctly larger granulations; process of the metazone very strongly obtusangulate, with the margins slightly arcuate and the tip sharp. ‘Tegmina with two solid conspicuous bands at the end of the first ‘and second quarters, subequal in width and much narrower than the preceding lighter areas, but about equal to the light band following the second fuscous band, apical third with indistinct annuli arranged in about four groups on either margin, with a few intermediate ones; last branch of the radial sector distant from the fork about one-fourth (male) the length of the sector; median and cubital forks not fused, but free or united by a short cross vein. Wings moderately long, plainly less than twice as long as wide, with the apex very slightly attenuate; disk semitransparent, faint &reenish, with a narrow somewhat interrupted fuscous band, scarcely extend- ing upon the posterior margin, spur reaching more than halfway to the base, apex hyaline without fuscous spots. Posterior femora with the lower sulcus black, with two light bands on the apical half; exte- rior face with a light preapical band preceded by one fuscous band. Posterior tibiz blue, with a rather wide, pale subbasal annulus. Length of body, male, 213 to 25 mm., female, 265 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 20 to 45 mm., female, 25 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 10$ to 133 mm.; female, 13 mm. One male, type, without locality, Bruner collection; one male, Tehama County, California, U. 8. National Museum; one male, one female, Spokane, Washington, Los Angeles, Coquillett; collector, Bruner. 420 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXITT TRIMEROTROPIS FERRUGINEA, new species. Size, small or medium; color, cinereous, varying to reddish-brown, ‘ather indistinctly punctate and blotched on the head and pronotum, with the tegminal bands well defined, nearly solid and conspicuous; scutellum deeply suleate, once and a half (female) or twice (male) as long as broad, with the median carina slight, but moderately distinct; median and lateral faveole moderately well impressed; eyes equal to (male) or a little shorter (female) than the genal groove. Pro- notum with the lateral carine indistinctly present on the front of the prozone and less frequently on the front of the metazone, disk of the latter with rather numerous larger granulations; process of | the metazone obtusangulate, with the margins straight and the tip sharp. Tegmina rather short and somewhat tapering, with the median and basal bands solid on the anterior and middle fields, more or less broken and interrupted on the posterior field; first and second light bands about twice as wide as the third and as the included fuscous band, the basal light band only, punctate with fuscous; apical third with the usual fuscous annuli and punctations rather numerous, but only moderately distinct and irregularly grouped; last branch of the radial sector distant from the fork a little more than one-fourth of the length of the sector; median and cubital forks not fused, free or united by a cross vein. Wings moderately wide, but attenuate at the tip; disk faint greenish- yellow, with a narrow or rather broad but interrupted fuscous band continuing halfway or less toward the anal angle, with the spur extending distinctly more than halfway to the base. Posterior femora with the lower sulcus light below, with one dark band, more or less infuscated on the basal half, leaving two bands; outer face with a light preapical band preceded and followed by a moder- ately distinct fuscous band. Posterior tibie blue-black at the base, with a pale subbasal annulus. Length of body, male, 17 to 21 mm., female, 28 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 20 to 283 mm., female, 28 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 9 to 11 mm., female, 14 mm. One male and one female, Soda Springs, Idaho; one female, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, Wickham, collector; one male and one female, Heckla, Wyoming; one female, Madison River, National Park, Wyoming; one male (9500) American Fork Canyon, Utah, August 2 and 3, 1877, Bruner collection. TRIMEROTROPIS KOEBELEI Bruner. Conozoa koebelei BRuNER, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XII, 1890, p. 67. This species is closely related to Trimerotropis bifasccata, and still more closely to Zrimerotropis ferruginea. Tf the latter should prove to be only a variety of the former this would then undoubtedly be, though px0.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 421 : at first glance they seem to hay e little j in common, as far as ¢ Ralor is con- eerned. — It appears to differ from ferruginea as follows: Size smaller, color distinctly cinereous, with no suggestion of reddish-brown; tegmina | with the posterior field cinereous or whitish, entirely impunctate, the usual bands therefore limited to the anterior half, or at least to the anterior and middle fields; scutellum as in that species, but median carina wanting or extremely faint. Length of body, male, 17 mm., female, 25 mm.; length of tegmina, 'male, 18 mm., female, 25 mm.; le neth of posterior femora, male, 10 mm., female, 14 mm. ~ One male (type), Placer County, California, September, Bruner’s collection; one male and one female, Placer County, California, Sep- tember, and San Francisco, California, U. S. National Museum. _ If Thad not very much restricted Conozoa I should still be compelled ‘to remove this species from that genus, as it has none of the charac- ters of that genus except the coloration of the tegmina, and that ‘quite as suggestive of the pattern peculiar to Zimerotropis. TRIMEROTROPIS THALASSICA Bruner. Tr -erotropis thalassica BruNER, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XII, 1890, p. 72. — Tam unacquainted with this species and unable to place it with cer- ‘tainty, but it apparently belongs to the group Carulecpes. I give ‘Bruner’s description somewhat abbreviated where the characters ‘given are common to the group: About the size of Trimerotropis vinculata Scudder, varying in color from dark to -griseo-testaceous, with the colored portion of the wings sea-green; wings and tegmina but dimly banded; posterior tibize deep coerulean, with basal annulus of dirty whitish. Head, when seen from in front, as broad above as below, a little longer than com- mon with the species of the genus; the eyes rather large and prominent, separated above by the flat (female) or slightly suleate (male) vertex; pronotum somewhat smoother than usual, the anterior lobe but gently raised above; the median carina faint and rather equal; posterior angle slightly acute (male), about a right angle (female). CITRINA group. Color various shades of brown, usually inclining to red, with plain traces of the usual tegminal bands present, well defined if faint or with strongly contrasting colors if the spots are imperfectly segregated. Seutellum of the vertex at most moderately sulcate, broad, very rarely a little longer than broad, usually as broad as long, plainly less than the short (male) or long (female) diameter of the eye. Pronotum with the median carina low, even on the prozone, and not always bilobed (when seen from the side); lateral carine absent, except a trace on the anterior of the prozone; metazone very rarely as little as once and a half, usually twice, as long as the prozone; lateral lobes without a tooth at the lower posterior angle; tegmina with the intercalary vein “es 422 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII. — separated from the median by scarcely (male) or considerably (female) more than its width; area of the cubital forks broad and occupied by — more than one row of polygonal cells. Wings with the disk yellow or greenish yellow, and the fuscous band distinct but never in width — equaling one-third the length of the wing. Posterior femora having — the basal half of the disk of the inner face never entirely black (rarely the whole inner face may be suffused with fuliginous, so that the usually jj lighter areas are almost as dark as the black ones), but with a light — area of greater or less extent at the base, so that the usual appearance | is light, with three black bands, one on the knee, one at the middle, and one between; the basal one, as it increases in size, assumes the | appearance of a stripe, which, however, never reaches the base. Frequently the light area is suffused with red. Posterior tibie red, rarely with a distinct subbasal annulus, but always with some trace of a yellow or brownish cloud on the exterior face. 7 TRIMEROTROPIS MONTICOLA Saussure. Mate 2. tes 1 ay Trimerotropis monticola Saussure, Prodr. C&dip., 1884, p. 170; Add. Prodr. Gédip, © p. 63, 1888. Color reddish or grayish brown, thickly and rather conspicuously — maculate, with fuscous cheeks and front of the head generally livid — and less maculate. Size medium. Scutellum moderately sulcate, a_ very little longer (male) or shorter (female) than broad, with the median carina very indistinct or wanting; median and lateral faveole only moderately impressed; eyes small, distinctly (male), or considerably (female) shorter than the genal groove. Pronotum with the median carina slightly cristate on the prozone and bilobed; metazone rather more than once and a half as long as wide, with the disk smooth, and a few scattered larger granulations; process of the metazone strongly obtuse-angular, with the sides straight and scarcely rounded. Teg- mina short and broad, with the basal bands not solid, but showing some evidence of being composed of fuscous points; maculations on the apical third about as thick and scarcely less distinct in the middle than along the margins of this area; extreme base never entirely free- from fuscous points. Wings broad, about one and three-fourths times as long as broad, with the tip very little attenuate and sinuate behind the second lobe; disk greenish or citron yellow, with a moderately broad and very distinct fuscous band, varying in width from a sixth to a fourth the length of the wing, continued upon the posterior border plainly less or decidedly more than halfway to the anal angle, spur extending a little more or less than halfway to the base; apex hyaline, with rarely a few fuscous points. Posterior femora rather distinctly — banded on the outside; inner face yellow, more or less suffused with red, with three black bands, the basal largest; lower sulcus yellow or red, with one indistinct subapical black band. Posterior tibiee bright . )no.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 498 s red or yellow flushed with red, with an inconspicuous basal yellow cloud, confined to the outer side. | Length of body, male 21 to 25 mm., female 25 to 27 mm.; leneth of tegmina, male 24 to 25 mm., female 274 to 30 mm.; leneth of pos- terior femora, male 11 to 12 mm., female 13 to 14 mm. TRIMEROTROPIS CAMPESTRIS Bruner, Manuscript. This species is probably nothing more than a variety of 7?r/incro- tropis pallidipennis, from which it apparently does not differ except in the structure and color of the posterior tibie; the marked infus- eation of the top of the head and the prozone being repeated with almost, if not quite, as much distinctness as in that species. The pos- terior femora are unusually slender, with the black bands of the inner face small, but all the markings obscured by a fuliginous suffusion which extends upon the lower sulcus. I have two females from the Bruner collection, both marked ** type,” which differ considerably in size, markings of the tegmina, and the width of the fuscous band, but they agree in structural points and especially in the hind femora. The smaller one has the fuscous points very imperfectly gathered into bands. Length of body, female, 24 to 28 mm.; length of tegmina, 25 to 27 mm.; length of posterior femora, 11 to 14 mm. One male and one female, Pine Bluffs, Wyoming; Bruner collection. TRIMEROTROPIS BRUNERI, new species. Hadrotettix gracilis BRuNER manuscript. Reddish brown, not strongly punctate with fuscous but very con- spicuously banded on the tegmina and posterior femora; head, and less commonly the lateral lobes of the pronotum in front of the principal sulcus, pallid; pronotum with a longitudinal whitish stripe on the upper part of the lateral lobes, extending from the middle sulcus to the front margin; below this, near the middle of the lobes, a second but smaller quadrate spot of a similar color. Secutellum of the vertex somewhat (male) or not (female) longer than wide (if the very slightly -impressed median faveol are included as a part of the scutelljum, the proportion of length to breadth will be considerably increased); median carina present and more or less distinct; eyes decidedly shorter than the genal grooves even in the male. Pronotum with the median carina very low, not bilobate on the prozone; anterior margin decid- edly angulate; metazone about twice as long as the prozone, its disk evenly and very finely granulate; process of the metazone decidedly acute-angled, with the margins straight and the tip a little rounded. Tegmina, more especially in the male, narrowed considerably and regularly from the basal band to the apex; basal and median bands very distinct and solid, with the base rouged without fuscous puncta- 494 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII. tions and the apex with the usual scattered punctations, usually rather faint and more distinct on either margin than in the middle. Wings broad, 1$ times as long as broad, with the apex not attenuate; fuscous band moderately broad, at least a sixth as wide as the length of the wing and very distinct, continued along the posterior margin more than halfway to the anal angle; spur short, extending toward the base about one-third of the distance. Posterior femora unusually heavy, with the inside yellow, more or less suffused with red, and crossed by three black bands, the basal sometimes much reduced; outer side crossed transversely by one distinct subapical band, a continuation of the one on the inner surface; lower sulcus red, crossed by the same subapical band. Posterior tibize bright red, with an indefinite subbasal yellow cloud on the outer face only. Length of body, male 21 to 26 mm., female 23 mm.; length of tegmina, male 213 to 25 mm., female 22 mm.; length of -posterior femora, male 11 to 13 mm., female,13 mm. Two males, Hot Springs, South Dakota; one male and one female, Cheyenne, Wyoming, Bru- ner collection; one male and one female, Chadron, Nebraska; one male and one female, Hot Springs, South Dakota, Stanford University collection. While this species resembles //adrotettiv trifasciata so strongly in coloration as to readily be mistaken for it, in generic characters it is allied in every particular to Zrimerotropis, where the latter genus differs from the former. The distinct sulcation of the scutellum of the vertex, with a plain median carina, the slender though long anten- nee, the presence of distinct shoulders on the prozone of the pronotum, the relatively long tegmina, which does not have a third band as well defined as the second, but the usual group of annular spots, the com- paratively little thickened tegmina, which are not densely coriaceous beyond the outside of the basal band and which have quadrate cells much within the basal branch of the radial sector, in the character of the fuscous band which is quite trimerotropine and extremely dif- ferent from that of //adrotettix, which lies entirely beyond the middle, so that the disk is longer than wide, and has a long continuation upon the posterior margin which is greater in length than the transverse portion of the band. And finally in the coloration of the inside of the posterior femora, which seems to me to be one of the most trustworthy guides to relationship because it is not subject to natural selection. These in //adrotettiv are deep indigo blue, extending entirely over the inner face (including the upper suleus, which is not true of a single Trimerotropis), interrupted by one broad, whitish band. If this spe- cies and one other, which is- more like //adrotettix, not to mention other species which are structurally, though not in coloration, nearer to it, are retained in that genus there would not remain a single salient character to distinguish the genus. For these reasons I have felt it ideal No.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 495 necessary to transfer Bruner’s //adrotettix to Trimerotropis, and as gracilis ‘is preoccupied I have given it the name of the distinguished author. TRIMEROTROPIS FASCICULA, new species. In color or size very similar to 7+imerotropis bruner/, from which it is distinguished by the following characters: Scutellum of the vertex moderately sulcate as in that species with lateral carine quite as distinct: but longer and narrower and without a trace of the median carina. Pronotum as in that species with the metazone having the disk furnished with minute linear granulations. Tegmina with the two basal bands not so regular and well defined. Wings with the fuscous band narrower, the spur reaching halfway to the base and the continuation on the posterior border not extending more than half way to the anal angle. Posterior femora as in that species, but without any red suffusion and with the basal stripe elongate nearly to the base, sometimes the whole inner face is suffused with fuliginous, more or less obscuring the usual markings. A variety has the pronotum scarcely longer than broad with the process of the metazone decidedly obtuse angulate. The wing band is a little broader. Length of body, male 18 mm., female 26 mm.; length of tegmina, male 19 mm., female, 26 mm.; length of posterior femora, male 104 mm., female 14 mm. One male and one female, Arizona or New Mexico; one female, Silver City, New Mexico; Bruner collection. This species is very closely related to 7rimerotropis brunert and may not be specifically different from it. TRIMEROTROPIS PRAZCLARA, new species. Similar in size and structure to 7rimerotropis crtrina, bat with the tegmina very distinctly marked, the basal and median bands solid and well defined. The scutellum is slightly broader than in that species, with the median carina slight but distinct. The pronotum has the median carina not cristate on the prozone and scarely bilobate when viewed from the side. The tegmina have the fuscous annuli of the apical third for the most part aggregated into a single group, which forms the third band, the basal area within the basal band is suffused with purple or brown with a few darker punctations. The posterior femora have the basal band elongate and extending nearly to the base, the light area being more or less suffused with red, the lower surface is reddish, somewhat obscured with a fuliginous suffusion and crossed by a single subapical band, the outer face has a single transverse, rather distinct, subapical band. The posterior tibiz are bright red, with a faint yellowish cloud on the outside near the base. Length of body, male 24 mm., female 26 mm.; length of tegmina, 426 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. — VOL. XXIII. male 30 mm., female 28 mm.; length of posterior femora, male 13 mm., female 14 mm. One male and one female, Salt Lake, Utah; Sidney, Nebraska; Bruner collection. TRIMEROTROPIS MODESTA Bruner. Trimerotropis modesta BRUNER, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XII, 1890, p. 72. Closely related to 7rimerotropis citrina, bat easily separated from that species by the following characters: Color, yellowish brown, nearly plain, on account of the extreme faintness of the darker macu- lations. Scutellum quite as deeply sulcate as in that species, and with no more trace of median carine. Pronotum with the metazone nearly twice as long as the prozone, with the process acute-angled, the sides slightly sinuate, and the tip rounded. Tegmina yellowish brown and plain, except for the narrow and very inconspicuous basal and median bands, and the faintest traces of the apical band in a few faintly fuscous annuli near the anterior margin. Wings as in that species with the band slightly narrower and its posterior extension much shorter, reaching less than halfway to the anal angle. Posterior femora with the basal stripe rather long, the lower sulcus yellow, crossed by the subapical band and the outer face crossed by the same bands more or less distinct. Posterior tibiz red, with an indistinet yellow cloud at the base on the outer side. Length of body, female, 263 mm.; length of tegmina, 27 mm.; length of posterior femora, 14 mm. One female, Silver City, New Mexico, Bruner’s type. The species is based upon two females from the locality given above, and it has not been reported elsewhere. TRIMEROTROPIS CITRINA Scudder. Trimerotropis citrina ScuppER, U. 8. Geol. Sury. Terr., I1, 1876, p. 265.—Saussurg, Prodr. Oedip., 1884, p. 169. Size medium or large, with the bands of the tegmina obviously mere aggregations of fuscous rings, which are, however, well separated into the usual bands; otherwise the body, head, and Jimbs are very thickly covered with fuscous punctations which cause the insects to very closely resemble the sand surfaces which they frequent. Scutellum very little longer than broad, moderately sulcate, with scarely a trace of the median carina; median foveolae a little more plainly impressed than the lateral generally, but neither are very dis- tinct; eyes as long (male) or a very little (female) shorter than the genal groove. Pronotum with the median carina barely cristate even on the prozone and just perceptibly bilobate; anterior margin not distinctly angulate; metazone but little more than once and a half as long as the prozone, its disk rather coarsely and nearly evenly granulate; process no.121I. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 427 of the metazone decidedly obtuse angular, with the margins straight and the tip rounded. Tegmina longer and showing little contrast in color. Wings moderately long, being one and three-quarter times as long as broad; disk greenish yellow or pale citron with the fuscous band broad, the width being from one-fifth to one-fourth the length of the wing, continued upon the posterior margin much more than half way to the anal angle, spur short, extending less than halfway to the base; apex hyaline without any fuscous cells. Posterior femora with the inside yellow, crossed by three fuscous bands and sometimes a fourth fuscous cloud near the base, lower sulcus yellow, with the subapical fuscous band distinct, the median ones usually less distinct but always present, outer face with mere traces of the usual bands. Posterior tibie red, with an indefinite cloud of lighter color near the base extending across the lower as well as the outer face. Length of body, male, 20 to 23 mm., female, 30 to 32 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 97 to 28 mm., female, 325 to 35 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 11 to 12 mm., female, 153 to 16 mm. One male, Maryland, Pergande collector, U. S. National Museum; one male and one female, Carrizo Springs, Texas, A. Wadgymar col- lector, Bruner collection; numerous specimens from northwest Arkan- sas in my own collection; Denver, Colorado, July 10, Red River of the North, Kennicott collector; Dallas County, Texas, June 6, Ball collector, and Texas, Belfrage collector, June, July, October, and November, Scudder; Texas and Colorado, Saussure; Nebraska, Brun- ner. This species, in its dull isabelline color, resembles 77imerotropis maritima, and is easily mistaken for it where the two occur together. That it should be found as far east as Maryland is somewhat unex- pected, but since it is common in northwest Arkansas there is no reason why it should not be found in the mountainous districts of Kentucky, Tennessee, the Virginias, and Maryland. LATIFASCIATA group. Color dull brown with slightly contrasting maculations. Size medium or large. Frontal costa more or less sulcate with the carine vanishing before reaching the clypeus; scutellum of the vertex about as wide as long, very moderately or scarcely sulcate, equaling in width the short (male) or long (female) diameter of the eye, which is slightly (male) or much (female) shorter than the genal groove. Pronotum with the median carina low even on the prozone and not bilobate when seen from the side; metazone nearly or quite twice as long as the prozone; lateral lobes without a tooth. Tegmina with the bands well defined but rather faint and rarely obviously made up of annuli or punctations; area of the cubital forks broad with several series of polygonal cells; intercalary vein separated from the median by little (male) or considerably (female) more than its width. Wings 428 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII. ample with the fuscous band broad or very broad, at least more than a fifth the length of the wing. Posterior femora mostly black on the disk of the inner face, with one or two light bands. Posterior tibie red with a yellowish cloud at the base on the outer side. TRIMEROTROPIS LATIFASCIATA Scudder. Trimerotropis latifasciata ScuppER, App. II, 2d Rept. U. 8S. Ent. Com., 1880, p. 26. Yellowish brown, plain except for the moderately distinct tegminal bands; size large, robust. Frontal costa suleate above the ocellus for a very short distance, above rounded; scutellum of the vertex broader than long (female) scarcely sulcate without a trace of the median carina; median and lat- eral faveole lightly impressed. Pronotum with the median carina coarse and strong, barely cut by the first sulcus, so that, seen from the side, the crest recalls the genus Avphia; metazone less widened posteriorly than usual, with disk finely and evenly granulate, with the process obtuse angular, the sides straight, and the tip rounded. Tegmina with the median and basal bands directly transverse, very narrow, and well defined; the apical band composed of four narrow transverse groups of annuli, the two basal ones extending nearly across the tegmina. Wings moderately ample and rather broad, the length being nearly one and three-quarter times the width; apex very slightly attenuate; fuscous band broad, being a little less than one-fourth of the wing in width, continued along the posterior border to the anal angle, spur very short, reaching less than a third of the way to the base. Posterior femora yellow, more or less suffused with red on the inner face with three black bands, the median one not larger than the subapical and widely separated from the base; lower sulcus red- dish yellow with one subapical black band, outer face with the sub- apical fuscous band rather distinct. Posterior tibize orange red with a yellow sub-basal cloud on the exterior. Length of body, female, 34 mm.; length of tegmina, 32 mm.; length of posterior femora, 163 mm. One female, 4,300 feet, Salt Lake Valley, Utah, August 1-4, 1877; determined by S. H. Scudder. Two females, Wallula, Washington, September 1; Lake Point, Utah, August 14. The species is apparently a rare one, as it seems to have been reported by no one else except Bruner, and his specimens, I think, belong to Trimerotropis laticineta. TRIMEROTROPIS LATICINCTA Saussure. Trimerotropis laticincta Saussure, Prodr. C&dip., 1884, p. 169. Large and robust, with very ample wings; color reddish brown, with moderately distinct and broad tegminal bands. Scutellum shallowly suleate, with a slight but rather distinct median carina. Pronotum with the metazone finely granulate with a few bp RIOR he Sees no.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILLI. 429 widely scattered short linear granulations; process of the metazone obtuse angulate, with the lip much rounded; a trace of the lateral carine on the front part of the metazone and prozone. Tegmina ample with basal and median bands wide, especially on the posterior border, both showing some evidence of being made up of annuli, but well defined; bands of the apex faint and composed of annuli, which are segregated into about four subordinate groups, the basal being much the largest. Wings yery ample, the width two-thirds of the leneth with the apex attenuate somewhat; fuscous band very broad, being about one-third the length of the wing in width, continued upon the posterior margin nearly to the anal angle. Spur very short, extending less than one- fourth of the way to the base; apex hyaline, without fuscous spots. Posterior femora plain without, on the inner side black with two light bands on the apical half; lower sulcus red with one subapical fuscous band. Posterior tibiz red. Length of body, female, 33 mm.; length of tegmina, 34 mm.; length of posterior femora, 15 mm. One female, New Mexico, Marsh collection, Bruner collection. Texas, Boll collector, Saussure. Nebraska, Bruner. As Saussure says, it is similar to Zrimerotropis citrina, but it is easily distinguished by its very ample wings, which appear to be wider than the ordinary type of wing in this genus by the whole width of the anterior lobe. The species from Nebraska, referred by Dr. Bruner to Trimerotropis latifasciata, probably belongs here, as the New Mexican female is certainly not Z77imerotropis latifasciata. TRIMEROTROPIS TOLTECA Saussure. (Hdipoda tolteca SaussurE, Rey. et Mag. Zool., XIII, 1861, p. 397.—THomas, Acrid. of N. Am., 1873, p. 215. Trimerotropis tolteca Saussurg, Prodr. Gidip., 1884, p. 169. I have not seen this species, but it appears to fall into this group and to be not very closely related to 7+/merotropis monticola. Its distinct- ness seem sto be assured by the fact that the outer half of the wing is infuscated. For the sake of completeness I append a translation of of Saussure’s description of the species: Fuscous gray, rough. Head somewhat prominent, vertex rather broad between the eyes, with the scutellum subpolygonal, not longer than broad. Lateral foveolze subelongate with the apex rounded. Facial costa broader on the front (female), narrower at the vertex and bifoveolate. Pronotum densely punctate and granulate, with the disk of the prozone (female) furnished with slightly elevated oblique carinz in front of the anterior sulcus. Disk of the metazone rough with the lateral carine somewhat distinct, process acute angular with the margin punctate with black, median carina slight but nevertheless elevated anteriorly near the sulcus (on which account the crest of the pronotum, seen from the side, appears to be trilobate). Tegmina extending as far as one-third the length of the posterior tibise, shorter than in allied species, colored throughout and obsoletely banded. Wings with the apex 430 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VoL. XXIII. more obtuse, the basal half sulphurous, the rest infuscated. Posterior femora with the basal half broad with the margins dilated and sinuate beyond the middle as well as strongly narrowed, inner face black with the margins and a preapical band yellow; on the outer side the carine are punctate with black. Variety a, wings with the apical half with hyaline clouds. Variety b, disk yellow with an obsolete fuscous band. Length of body, male 17 mm.; female 30mm.; length of tegmina male 18 mm., female 26 mm. - Mexico, in temperate and higher regions; Orizaba, Oaxaca. TRIMEROTROPIS PISTRINARIA Saussure. Trimerotropis pistrinaria Saussure, Prodr. Cidip., 1884, p. 173. Plain brown with the tegminal bands quite well defined and moder- ately distinct. Size medium to large. Scutellum slightly sulecate with the median carina slight but visible, median and lateral foveole well impressed. Pronotum with the median carina very slight; metazone more than twice as long as the prozone, with the disk furnished with a few scattered quite large granulations; process of the metazone acute angular with the sides straight and the tip sharp. Tegmina with the median and basal bands about the same size with boundaries well defined and moderately broad, equaling the light space between; annuli cf the apical third scattered. Wings moderately broad, being a little less than one and two-thirds times as long as broad; fuscous band very broad, being a little more than one-third the length of the wing in width, scarcely continued at all upon the posterior border; spur rather long, extend- ing nearly halfway to the base. Posterior femora and tibie as in Trimerotropis melanopteras. Length of body, male 22 mm., female 32 mm.; length of tegmina, male 25 mm., female 31 mm.; length of posterior femora, male 13 mm., female 163 mm. ; One male and one female, Zacatecas, Mexico, November, 1897, Bruner collection; Texas, Boll collector; Saussure. As Saussure remarks, this species approaches //adrotettia, but it is a true 7r/merotropis in most of its structural characters, and entirely so as far as coloration is concerned. TRIMEROTROPIS MELANOPTERA, new species. Color plain dull brown with moderately distinct tegminal bands. Size, large. Scutellum moderately sulcate with slight but rather dis- tinct median carina, median and lateral foveole unusually well impressed. Pronotum with the median carina very low; metazone twice as long as the prozone, smooth with a very few widely scattered larger granulations; process of the metazone acute angular with the sides straight and the tip square. Tegmina with the basal and median bands rather ill-defined and more or less distinct, the latter broader, the apical third is punctate with scattered annuli scarcely: grouped into a band. Wings of moderate size, rather long but dis- No.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 451 tinctly less than twice as long as broad, fuscous band extremely broad so that it is two-thirds of the length of the wing in width, leaving but a narrow yellow strip on the inner margin four times as long as it is wide, and an equally narrow strip at the apex; spur none. Posterior femora with the disk of the inner face and the lower suleus black with one subapical red band; outer side plain, except for a rather dis- tinct light band. Posterior tibize coral red with a trace of the usual subbasal cloud present on the outer side. Length of body, male 26 mm., female 37 mm.; length of tegmina, male 29 mm., female 35 mm.; length of posterior femora, male 14 mm., female 18 mm. One male and one female, Silver City, New Mexico; Bruner col- lection. I know of no form nearly related to this that has such an extensive black area. It compares in this respect with Dissosteira carolina. CALIFORNICA group. Small, light-colored species, with the bands of the tegmina distinct or wanting, not merely faint on account of slight contrast between them and the ground color. Scutellum of the vertex moderately or strongly suleate, much longer than wide, not exceeding in the width of the short (male) or long (female) diameter of the eye. Pronotum with the median carina rarely more than slightly cristate even on the pro- zone, but always more or less distinctly bilobate when viewed from the side; lateral carinze wanting even on the front part of the prozone, but the shoulders well marked on the metazone; the latter once and a half to twice as long as the prozone, with its disk smooth; lateral lobes with a tooth. Tegmina with the last branch of the radial sector from one- third to one-half the length of the sector from the forks; area of the cubital forks occupied by several series of polygonal veins; intercalary vein on the apical portion distant from the median not more than once its own width in either male or female; wings with the disk yellow and amoderately broad and distinct fuscous band; apex hyaline, very rarely with a slight suffusion of fuscous at the extreme tip. Posterior femora with two light bands on the apical half of the disk of the inner face, the basal half nearly entirely black or the area next the base light; outer face with one or more distinct dark bands; lower suleus light with one or two dark bands. Posterior tibize red, with a pale cloud next the base, most distinct on the outer side. TRIMEROTROPIS CALIFORNICA Bruner. Trimerotropis californica Bruner, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XII, 1890, p. 71. Scutellum of the vertex deeply sulcate, with a very faint median carina; median and lateral foveole rather strongly impressed; eyes about equal (male) or a little less (female) than the genal groove: 432 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. ._ Vou.xxttt. Pronotum with the prozone considerably elevated and bilobate when seen from the side, the anterior being much longer than the posterior lobe; metazone about one and three-quarter times as long as broad, with the disk finely granulate and the process a little less or somewhat more thanarightangle; lateral lobes witha large tooth. Tegmina with the basal band distinct and usually solid, preceded by a rouged area punctate with fuscous and followed by an unspotted light band wider than itself; median band never quite as well defined as the basal, but larger and subtriangular, broader on the posterior margin, followed by a light band narrower than the first; distal third occupied by ‘ather numerous annuli, which imperfectly arrange themselves into three or more narrow, transverse bands. Wings narrow, about twice as long as wide, with the apex slightly attenuate; fuscous band rather narrow, not exceeding in width one-sixth the length of the wing, nar- rowed distinctly behind the spur, which extends more than half way to the base, continued upon the posterior margin less than half way to the base. Posterior femora with the disk of the inner face not entirely blackened by a stripe which extends nearly to the base; apical half light, with two black bands, the proximal one extending across the lower sulcus and across the outer face; the former has a faint fuscous band proximal to the first and the latter is usually furnished with one or two distinct bands in addition to the one already mentioned and the apical one. Posterior tibize coral red, with the usual subbasal annulus. Length of body, male 17 to 18 mm., female 24 mm.; length of tegmina, male 20 to 24 mm., female 24 mm.; length of posterior femora, male 8 to 12 mm., female 12 mm. One male, Los Angeles, California, Coquillett, collector; U. 8S. National Museum. One male, Los Angeles, California, Coquillett, collector; Bruner collection. ‘Two males, Ontario, California, Snod- grass, collector; Stanford University collection. One female, Cali- fornia, Wickham, collector; San Louis Valley, California; Bruner. TRIMEROTROPIS STRENUA, new species. Very closely related to Zrimerotropis californica, from which it differs as follows: Scutellum of the vertex broader; median carina distinct. Pronotum with the prozone very slightly elevated, tooth of the lateral lobes minute; process of the metazone decidedly acute angulate. Tegmina with the basal band very narrow, being three or four times as long as wide, distinct and well defined, median band and apical third as in that species, with the three light bands entirely unspotted and occupying twice as much space as the basal and median fuscous bands together. Wings with the fuscous band rather broad, occupying at least a fifth of the wing, continued on the posterior border rather more (male) or less (female) than half way to the anal angle. Spur short, extending No.12155 REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 433 not more than one-third of the way to the base. Posterior femor: with the disk of the inner face black, with two yellow bands on the apical half; lower sulcus yellow, with one subapical black band: outer face plain, with a single black transverse subapical band. Length of body, male 21 mm., female 29 mm.; length of teemina, male 18mm., female 28 mm.; length of posterior femora, male 114 mm.. female 124 mm. One male and one female, Salt Lake Valley, Utah, September; Bruner collection. This and the following species may be but varieties of an exceedingly variable species. This doubt can only be cleared up by more speci- mens from intermediate points. TRIMEROTROPIS MONTANA Bruner, manuscript. This species differs from both the preceding species, to which it is closely allied, in the following particulars: Scutellum with the median carina nearly as distinct as the lateral. Pronotum with the metazone scarcely more than one and a half times as long as wide; process of the metazone strongly obtuse angulate; tooth of the lateral lobes minute. Tegmina about as in Zr/merotropis californica. Wing about as in that species, with the band equally narrow, but the spur much shorter, exending not more than a fourth of the way to the base. Posterior femora with the inner face very similar to Zrimerotropis californica and the outer like those of 7r/imer- otropts strenud. Length of the body, male 19 mm.; length of the tegmina, 22 mm.; length of posterior femora, 95 mm. One male, Boise City, Idaho; Bruner collection. TRIMEROTROPIS AGRESTIS, new species. Pale reddish brown, with the face and sides of the head whitish plain, with a few scattered spots on the tegmina, not showing any trace of the usual arrangement into three bands. Frontal costa plainly sculcate above as well as below the ocellus; scutellum strongly sulcate, with the merest trace of a median carina, broad, almost equaling the long diameter of the eye in the female; eyes plainly (male) or much (female) shorter than the genal groove. Pro- notum with the median carina more than usually distinct on the meta- zone, slightly cristate and plainly bilobate on the prozone; median carine barely visible on the front part of both metazone and prozone; metazone nearly twice as long as the prozone, with the disk finely granulate and the process decidedly obtuse-angulate; lateral lobes with a large tooth, which causes the posterior lower angle to appear to be drawn downward. Tegmina entirely plain except for a few scattered spots, without a trace of the usual bands. Wings moder- ately broad, with a distinct and wide fuscous band, which is equal in roe. N. M: vol, xxii 28 434 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. width to about one-fifth the length of the wing, continued upon the posterior border much more than halfway to the anal angie. Spur very short, extending less than one-fourth of the way to the base. Posterior femora with the whole inner face reddish, but more or less suffused with fuliginous, so that the three black bands are not easily distinguished; outer face plain, with a narrow light subapical band. Posterior tibiz red with the usual light subbasal cloud. Length of body, male, 22 mm., female, 27 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 23 mm., female, 28 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 11 mm., female, 13$ mm. One male and one female, Sidney, Nebraska. Bruner collection. This species is unique among the red-legged Trimerotropis for its plain tegmina. PACIFICA group. TRIMEROTROPIS PACIFICA Bruner. Trimerotropis pacifica BRUNER, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XII, 1890, p. 78. Size medium, color light cinereous, with minute fuscous punctations scarcely visible to the naked eye and serving merely to darken the ground color, bands on the tegmina conspicuous. Scutellum but little constricted above or below the ocellus, very moderately sulcate with the lateral carine vanishing long before reach- ing the clypeus; scutellum much longer than wide, barely sulcate, with the median carina nearly as distinct as the lateral; eyes scarcely as long as the genal groove even in the male; antenne longer than usual in the genus, slightly flattened and distinctly attenuate at the tip. Pronotum with the anterior margin decidedly angulate; median carina not cristate even on the prozone, on the metazone, a raised line as dis- tinct posteriorly as anteriorly; metazone with the disk smooth or very evenly granulate; the process acute-angular with the sides straight and the tip pointed; lateral carinae entirely wanting even on the ante- rior of the prozone; lateral lobes with a minute tooth on the lower pos- terior margin. Tegmina narrow, with the fuscous bands solid and contrasting strongly with the very light ground color; the usual annular spots wanting, almost entirely proximate to the basal band and restricted on the distal third to a series of groups along either margin, the first on the anterior margin being conspicuously larger; hyaline portion of the tegmina with quadrate cells, limited by a line extending obliquely across the tegmina about halfway between the median fork and the last branch of the radius; intercalary vein in its apical portion very close to the median, being separated from it by not more than its width; area of the cubital forks narrow, but filled with more than one series of polygonal cells. Wings narrow with the apex attenuated, twice as long as broad; disk dilute yellow, with the fuscous band interrupted below the spur, but otherwise distinct and eee eee No. 1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 4385 moderately broad, being Svat one- fifth 6f the length of the wing; continued on the posterior margin much less than halfway to the anal angle; spur long, extending more than halfway to the base; apex hyaline without fuscous cells. Posterior femora unusually long and slender, with the disk of the inner face mostly light colored, a stripe on the basal half, a band in the middle of the apical half, and the knee blackish. Posterior tibizee obscure whitish, unbanded. Length of body, male, 19$ mm.; length of tegmina, 22} mm.; length of posterior femora, 12 mm. One male, Los Angeles, California. Bruner collection. . The species was based upon a single male from Los Angeles. The only specimen I have seen is a male from this locality, marked type, but it differs quite remarkably from the measurements given by Bruner and is therefore probably not the specimen upon which the species was originally based. VINCULATA group. Frontal costa distinctly suleate, with the carine distinct to the central foveole, but rarely reaching the clypeus; above the ocellus usually less deeply sulcate than below, but never full and rounded; scutellum of the vertex moderately or deeply sulcate, only rarely not plainly longer than broad, with the median carina usually distinct; median and lateral foveole distinct; eyes never longer than the genal groove even in the males, plainly shorter in the females. Pronotum with the median carina barely cristate on the prozone, a raised line on metazone; the latter from one and three-fourths to twice as long as the former; lat- eral lobes without a tooth. Tegmina distinctly banded, with the bands at. the ends of the first and second quarters plainly darker (except in deeply infuscated specimens), and though generally irregular and variable in‘shape and size, not a mere aggregation of annular spots, but solid or semisolid; spots proximal to the base, for the most part smaller than those on the apical third and few of them annular; light areas beyond the basal and median bands nearly or quite free from fuscous spots, the proximal one generally somewhat V-shaped and wider on the anterior margin; last branch of the radial sector distant from the fork about a third (female) generally more than a third (male) of the length of the sector; median and cubital forks never fused, but generally connected by a short cross vein; intercalary vein in its apical half separated from the median by scarcely more than its own width even in the females; wings yellow or greenish yellow at the base, with a distinct fuscous band; apex hyaline, rarely with any fuscous spots near the apex; second dividing vein joining the second anal vein much behind the middle. Posterior femora with the disk of the inner face black with two light bands on the apical half. Posterior tibiz obscure yellow or brown. ; 436 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. TRIMEROTROPIS SALINA Bruner, manuscript. Size, medium; color, dark fuscous brown, obscurely maculate. Frontal costa considerably constricted above and below the ocellus; scutellum very broad, being very little longer than broad in the female, slightly longer in the male, moderately sulcate, with the median carina scarcely distinct. Pronotum with the median carina scarcely cristate on the prozone and quite distinct on the metazone. The latter is not more than one and three-quarters times as long as the former and has the disk very evenly and finely granulate, with the process obtuse- angular, the sides straight, and the tip very plainly rounded. Tegmina broad, with the usual markings made little conspicuous by the dark ground color. Wings rather broad, being considerably less than twice as long as broad, with a broad fuscous band occupying not much less than a third the length of the wing, extending on the posterior border much more than halfway to the anal angle. Spur short, reaching less than halfway to the base; apical portion hyaline with a few fuscous spots. Posterior femora without fuscous bands externally; lower sulcus black, with two light bands on the apical half. Posterior tibiee obscure fuscous, with a faint subbasal annulus. Length of body, male, 22 mm., female, 29 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 23 min., female, 30 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 12 12 mm., female, 145 mm. One male and one female, Salt Basin, Lincoln, Nebraska, Bruner collection. One male and one female in the collection of Stanford University. This species is easily recognized by the broad fuscous band of the wings and the dark hind tibie. TRIMEROTROPIS SIMILIS Scudder. Trimerotropis similis ScupDER, Second Rept. U.S. Ent. Com., App. II, 1880, p. 27. This species is very closely related to both of the preceding. In the structure of the head and pronotum is not distinguishable from Trimerotropis vinculata. The wings are precisely similar with the fuscous band, narrow and distinct as in that species, and the apex unspotted, but the general color of the tegmina and body is quite dis- tinct. The head, body, and limbs are nearly uniform dark brown. The tegmina have two fairly lighter bands in the usual position, one beyond the basal third and the other just beyond the middle of the wing and almost no visible spots anywhere. Length of body, male, 22 mm., female, 28 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 24 mm., female, 27 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 11 mm., female, 13 mm. Wallula, Washington, Scudder; Washington, Bruner. I have exam- ined two specimens from The Dalles, Oregon, from the Bruner collection. as ~~ =I no.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 4 TRIMEROTROPIS PALLIDIPENNIS Burmeister. (Edipoda pallidipennis BuRMEIstER, Handl., Ent., II, p. 641.—Tnomas, Aerid. N. Am., 1873, p. 218. (Edipoda straminea Karicuson in Schomburgk, Faun. et Flor. Brit. Guyan., p. 582. Trimerotropis pallidipennis Saussurp, Prodr. Gidip., 1884, p. 171. Size, small or medium; color, light brown; head, pronotum, and abdomen thickly punctate with minute fuscous spots, tegmina very conspicuously banded. Frontal costa less decidedly sulcate and broader than usual in this group with that part above the ocellus scarcely nar- rowed below the scutellum, which is very moderately sulcate with the median carina indistinct and but little longer than broad. Pronotum with the median carina strongly cristate with the lobes not very unequal on the prozone, and scarcely perceptible on the metazone which is very nearly twice as long as the prozone; metazone with the disk roughened with larger granulations, some.of which are distinctly linear; process of the metazone a little greater than a rectangle, with the sides very slightly arcuate and the tip sharp. Tegmina very narrow and strongly faleate on the apical third, the usual bands similar to those of 7rimerotropis vinculata in structure and position. Wings broader with the costal margin much more strongly arcuate, but with the apex quite as attenuate as in that species; disk greenish yellow, somewhat more transparent than usual and very large, the fuscous band being entirely beyond the center of the wing; fuscous band very narrow, but quite uninterrupted and very distinct, continued on the posterior about halfway to the anal angle, with the spur very long, extending two-thirds of the way to the base; apical portion unusually small, hyaline without spots. Posterior femora rather indistinctly banded on the outer face, the lower sulcus black with two lighter bands on the apical half. Posterior femora, obscure yellow with a faint lighter subbasal annulus. Length of body, female, 274 mm.; length of tegmina, 29 mm.; length of posterior femora, 12 mm. One female Carcarana, Argentina, South America, Bruner’s collec- tion. The species is known to me only through a single specimen, but seems very distinct in the tegmina and wings. TRIMEROTROPIS COLLARIS, new species. Size small, color clay yellow, head and abdomen plain, pronotum moderately and tegmina always very conspicuously banded and spotted with fuscous. Scutellum narrow, deeply sulcate, with the median carina moderately distinct and elongate, being one and a half (female) or twice (male) as long as wide. Pronotum very short and broad, the length being equal to (female) or barely greater (male) than the width, with the median carina strongly elevated on the anterior of 438 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. the prozone and much depressed at the posterior border; metazone, with the disk, moderately smooth, with a few larger granulations, which tend to run into lines; the process strongly obtuse angulate, with the borders straight and the tip rounded. Tegmina narrow, long, and very conspicuously banded, as in bright-colored specimens of Trimerotropis vinculata. Wings very similar to that species, with the disk pale citron, instead of greenish yellow. Posterior femora distinctly or strongly banded externally, with the lower surface black with a single subapical light band. Posterior tibize obscure yellow, with an inconspicuous light subbasal annulus. Length of body, male, 19 mm., female, 253 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 24 mm., female, 274 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 11 mm., female, 134 mm. San Jose del Cabo, Mexico. One male and one female from the collection of the California Academy of Sciences. The species is easily distinguished from Zrimerotropis vinculata by its small size and very short and broad pronotum. TRIMEROTROPIS FRATERCULA, new species. Size small, color light reddish brown, head livid, rest of the body and limbs thickly but not very conspicuously maculate with fuscous, teemina conspicuously maculate. Frontal costa decidedly narrowed above and below the ocellus, the lateral carinze fading before reaching the clypeus; scutellum moderately broad and not narrower propor- tionally in the male than in the female; median carina scarcely distinct. Pronotum with the median carina scarcely cristate even on the pro- zone, very distinct on the metazone, seen from the side not bilobate; metazone nearly twice as long as the prozone; metazone with the disk finely granulate, many of the granulations exhibiting a tendency to run into lines; metazonal process acute-angled with the sides barely arcuate and the tip sharp. Tegmina broad with the usual bands dis- tinct but more obviously composed of aggregations of small spots than usual in this group; area of the cubital forks filled with several series of polygonal cells even in the male; last branch of the radial sector nearer the fork than usual in the group, being distinct little more than one-fourth (female) or one-third (male) the length of the sector. Wines broad, being about one and three-fifths times as long as broad; disk light yellow with the fuscous band moderately broad and dis- tinct but interrupted narrowly behind the spur, continued along the posterior margin decidedly less than halfway to the anal angle, with the spur long, extending rather more than halfway to the base; apical portion hyaline without fuscous spots. Posterior femora banded more or less distinctly exteriorly, lower sulcus black with one subapical light band. Posterior tibize obscure yellow, faintly clouded with brown no.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 439 apically and on the basal half, where it is interrupted by a faint, lieht annulus. Length of body, male, 18 mm., female, 25 mm.; length of teemina, male, 20 mm., female, 25 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 10 mm., female, 125 mm. One male and one female, Pine Bluffs, Wyoming. Bruner collec- tion. Readily distinguished by its small size and the character of the wing and wing markings. _ TRIMEROTROPIS VINCULATA Scudder. Trimerotropis vinculata ScuppER, Ent. Notes, V, 1875-76, p. 25; App. II, Second Rept. U. 8. Ent. Com., 1880, p. 27, pl. xvu, fig. 11.—Bruner, Bull. Wash. Coll., I, 1885, p. 184. Trimerotropsis cincta SAussurb, Prodr. Gidip., 1884, p. 171. Size medium to large; color light or dark brown, much varied with fuscous; scutellum strongly sulcate, with the median carina about as distinct usually as the lateral, these divergent and plainly angulate opposite the front margin of the eyes; eyes as long as the genal groove in the male. Pronotum with the median carina moderately cristate; the anterior lobe of the crest of the prozone considerably longer than the posterior lobe; metazone nearly twice as long as the prozone, its disk finely granulate without any scattered larger g¢ranu- iations; process of the metazone slightly acute-angular, with the sides straight and the tip plainly rounded. Tegmina with the bands mod- erately or very distinct, the base being usually suffused with reddish brown which gradually becomes diluted farther from the base. The area of the cubital forks is never very broad, occupied by several rows of polygonal cells (female) or by one row (at least at the base) of sub- quadrate cells (male). Wings long, scarcely less than twice as long as broad, with the posterior margin nearly straight and parallel with the anterior, the apex drawn out and attenuated; disk, varying shades of yellow, sometimes tinged with blue; fuscous band very distinét and rather narrow, rarely as much as one-sixth the length of the wing, with the spur short, extending plainly less than halfway to the base, on the posterior margin crossing the eighth lobe and reaching much beyond the middle, rarely it fades scarcely beyond the middle. Pos- terior femora generally distinctly banded on the outer face; lower sulcus black with one light subapical band. Posterior tibiz obscure yellow without any distinct subapical light annulus. Length of body, male, 22 to 24 mm., female, 29 to 30 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 25 to 28 mm., female, 30 to 33 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 12 to 123 mm., female, 14 to 15 mm. Western North America, extending eastward to middle Nebraska, Kansas, and Texas, the edge of the Great Plain. A common species not confined to barren ground, but common along roadsides and in dry, cultivated fields. 440 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII, TRIMEROTROPIS SAXATILIS, new species. Trimerotropis verruculata THomas, Ninth Rept. Ent. Ill., 1880, p. 112. Very similar to Zr/merotropis vinculata and possibly not distinct from that species, but differing in the following particulars: Secutellum broader; pronotum with the metazone not more than one and three-quarter times as long as the prozone, with the process rec- tangular. Tegmina, as well as the whole body and limbs, excepting the lower surface of the head and abdomen, extremely variable in color, the ground color being white, bluish green, or brown, generally very strongly varied with fuscous, but sometimes nearly plain by the suffu- sion of the ground color with fuscous. Wings shorter relatively as well as positively, being considerably less than twice as long as broad; fus- cous band broader, being from one-fourth to one-fifth the length of the wing, extending along the posterior border much beyond the middle; apex hyaline, with many or few fuscous spots. Posterior femora with the lower sulcus black, crossed by two white bands on the apical half, the median not completely cutting the black. Posterior tibie varying with the color of the femora; the prevailing color greenish, with a lighter, generally conspicuous, subapical annulus. Length of body, male, 20 to 22 mm., female, 27 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 22 to 23 mm., female, 26 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 12 mm., female, 13 mm. Southern Illinois, Thomas; Union County, Illinois (French collee- tion); Arkansas. In Arkansas the species is found only on rocky ground, and its color varies with the surroundings. Where the exposed rocks are light col- ored or white and covered with lichens the individuals will be white, green, and black in color and so thoroughly protected that it is quite impossible to see them when at rest. TRIMEROTROPIS PILOSA, new species. Size small, colors plain or dark, but the tegmina conspicuously banded. Head, thorax, and limbs conspicuously hairy. Seutellum very broad, even in the male, but moderately long, being one and a quarter times as long as broad; deeply sulcate, with the median carina distinct. Pronotum with the median carina very moderately cristate on the prozone; metazone nearly twice as long as the prozone, its disk finely and evenly granulate, and the metazonal process decidedly obtuse angular, the sides straight and the tip rounded. ‘Tegmina with the usual bands distinct, the basal one unusually broad and plainiy encroaching upon the light band just beyond it, which is unusually nar- row. Wing very broad, being less than one and a half times as lone as broad, with the tip not at all attenuate; fuscous band rather nar- no.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 44] row, scarcely more than a fifth the length of the wing in width, but very distinct, continued upon the posterior margin more than half- way to the anal angle; spur short, extending plainly less than halfway to the base; apical portion hyaline without fuscous spots. Posterior femora not plainly banded exteriorly, with the lower sulcus obscurely infuscated rather than black, with one or two indistinct light bands on the apical half. Posterior tibizee deep brown darker on the basal half, where this color, however, is interrupted by a lighter annulus. Length of body, male, 163 mm.; length of tegmina, 20 mm.; length of posterior femora, #3 mm. One male, Palo Alto, California, March 17; Stanford University collection. This species is the smallest Z/merotrop/s known to me, easily recog- nized by its broad wings, brown posterior tibie, and unusually hairy body. Another specimen from Palo Alto, which I would refer to 777- merotropis vinculata, without doubt, except for the fact of its having the right posterior tibia yellow, while the left one is deep brown. — It is not unlikely a hybrid produced by these species. FALLAX group. Brown, more or less deeply infuscated and maculate. Frontal costa suleate below the ocellus, but, except for a very short distance, full, rounded, and punctate above. Scutellum of the vertex much longer than wide, with the central foveolx only feebly biarolate but very dis- tinct, lateral foveole only a little less distinct. Pronotum with the dorsum rather flat and the shoulders well marked, with lateral carinze distinct on the front of the prozone at least; median carina cristate on the prozone, scarcely more than a raised line on the metazone; the latter from once anda half to twice as long as the prozone, with its dorsum furnished with a few larger granulations; lateral lobes never toothed. Tegmina broad, with the maculations distinctly annular and scattered pretty evenly over the whole surface or rarely gathered into the usual bands; last branch of the radial sector distant from the fork about one-fourth the length of the sector. Wings never more than twice as long as wide, with the outer half fuscous or the apical part fuliginous or rarely only infuscated at the tip; the spur long, reaching fully half way to the base; the disk yellow. Posterior femora with the disk of the inner face black, with two light bands on the apical half; lower sulcus black, with one light subapical band. Posterior tibix never bright red. The species in this group all bear a strong resemblance to Circot- tettix, especially to Circotettiv suffusus and obscurus Scudder and verru- culatus Kirby. They are all closely related, and may prove to be varieties of a single species. 449 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXUL. TRIMEROTROPIS FALLAX Saussure. Trimerotropis fallax Saussure, Prodr. Cidip., 1884, p. 170. Very similar to the preceding species, from which it may be distin- euished by the following characters: Scutellum of the vertex moder- ately suleate, with the median carina always apparent and usually distinct. Pronotum with the anterior margin not plainly angulate and the process of the metazone slightly obtuse-angular, the angle sharp and the sides straight, not sinuate in the least; metazone twice as long as the prozone. Tegmina with the maculations quite evenly scattered (sometimes faint) over the whole surface, with scarcely a trace of the usual bands, the apex. distinctly obliquely truncate instead of evenly rounded. Length of body, male, 22 mm., female, 27 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 23 mm., female, 30 mm; length of posterior femora, male, 12 mm., female, 14 mm. One male and one female, Placer County, California; Bruner col- lection. Three males and one female, Placer County, California; U.S. National Museum: California, Saussure, Koebele. TRIMEROTROPIS NUBILA, new species Color variable, but maculations usually distinct. Frontal costa only slightly constricted below the ocellus; scutellum of the vertex shal- lowly sulcate, with the median carina indistinct. Pronotum with the anterior margin distinctly augulate, and the process of the metazone rectangulate and sharp, with the margins slightly sinuate; the median carina is moderately cristate on the prozone, with the front lobe nearly twice as long as the second; the lateral carine are distinct on the front of both prozone and metazone. The tegmina have the annular fuscous spots gathered into two somewhat distinct bands; the maculations on the distal two-fifths are about as numerous in the middle as along the margins of this area; the intercalary vein is separated from the median by once its width; the distance between the radial and median forks is considerably greater than the width of the anterior field; the radial sector has three or four forks; the median and cubital veins do not fuse at the end of the intercalary area, but are free or connected by a cross vein; the anterior fork of the cubitus furcates near its base. The wines are moderately broad, scarcely twice as long as broad, with the disk greenish-yellow and the rest of the wing infuscated, or the sub- apical portion merely infumated; the fuscous band does not extend beyond the fifth lobe, or less than halfway to the anal angle; the median stem joins the radius a little more than one-third the length of the wing from the base, and the latter forks halfway between this point and the apex. The second dividing vein joins the second anal one-third the distance from the base tomargin. The posterior femora MP ee ee oe rE we PT te eae , The eee yet No.12Io.. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 4435 are more or Piece. distinctly banded on the outer face with fuscous. The posterior tibiz are steel-blue with a light subbasal and a fuscous basal ring. Length of body, male, 22 mm., female, 27 mm.; length of teg- mina, male, 23 mm., female, 29 mm.; length of posterior femora male, 11 mm., female, 13 mm. One male, Hot Springs, New Mexico, 7,000 feet altitude; Bruner collection. Phe species is closely related to 7rimerotropis fallax Saussure, from which it is readily distinguished by the distinct bands of the tegmina and the obtuse-angled process of the metazone. TRIMEROTROPIS CONSPERSA, new species. Very closely related to 7rimerotrop/s fallax, from which it may not be specifically distinct. Scutellum of the vertex somewhat narrower than in that species, being fully one and a half times as long as broad and deeply sulcate, with the median carina distinct. Wings somewhat longer, being very nearly twice as long as broad, with the disk faintly aed with very pale citron instead of greenish yellow. Hind tibie obscure yellow or red, without any distinct pale subbasal annulus. Length of body, male, 25 mm., female, 28 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 25 mm., female, 30 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 15 mm., female, 14 mm. One male, Mount Shasta, California, September, 1885, J. Behrens, collector. One female, Shasta County, California, July, J. Behrens, collector. Bruner collection. TRIMEROTROPIS VARIEGATA, new species. This species is closely related to Zrémerotropis conspersa from which, however, it is readily distinguished. Scutellum somewhat narrower than in the preceding species, being nearly twice as long (not including the central foveole) as broad, dully sulcate, with the median carina dis- tinct. Pronotum with the anterior lobe of the carina of the prozone very little longer than the posterior; metazone plainly less than twice and scarcely one and three-quarter times as long as the prozone, with its process strongly obtu-se-angulate, the sides straight, and the tip slightly rounded, Tegmina with the usual annular spots plainly collected into three groups, the basal one quite distinct and the apical very indistinct; nearly all the middle beyond the anterior cubital fork hyaline except for the veins and spots. Wing considerably less than twice as long as broad (26 by 15 mm.), with the disk very faint yellow, the fuscous band with a spur extending much more than halfway to the base and including less than five lobes on the exterior margin and reaching much less than halfway to the base; apical third hyaline except for the fuscous veins and an apical fuliginous cloud. 444 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Posterior tibie exactly as in 7r/imerotropis. Length of body, male, 20 mm., female, 25 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 214 mm., female, 29 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 94 mm., female, 12 mm. Type.—Cat. No. 53874, U.S.N.M.; Tighes Station and Julian, south- ern California, Scudder. The species is known to me by this single specimen, a female. It is without 2 locality label. CAERULEIPENNIS group. Size medium, color brown or gray, considerably varied with darker spots. Scutellum of the vertex much (male) or little (female) longer than broad; central and lateral foveole distinct; eyes as long (male) or decidedly (female) shorter than the genal groove. Pronotum with the lateral carinee wanting; anterior lobe of the crest of the prozone not much longer than the posterior. Tegmina with the annular macula- tions distinctly segregated into three bands; intercalary vein in the apical half separated from the median by a space not greater than (male) or plainly greater than (female) its width; last branch of the radial sector distant from the fork from one-third to one-half the length of the sector; area of the cubital forks filled with irregular cells in sey- eral rows; median and cubital forks not fused, free or connected by a short vein; anterior fork of the cubitus forking near the base. Wines with the disk blue, fuscous bands present or plainly indicated by infus- cated veins and cells. Posterior femora black on the disk of the inner face, with two light bands on the apical half; plainly but not con- spicuously banded on the outer face. Posterior tibize blue, with a lighter subbasal annulus. TRIMEROTROPIS CAERULEIPENNIS Bruner. Trimerotropis ceruleipennis BRuNER, Can. Ent., X VII, 1885, p. 10. Scutellum distinctly wider than in cyanzpennis, with the median carina distinct, especially in front. Pronotum with the anterior margin distinctly angulate; median carina strongly cristate upon the prozone; metazone with the disk finely granulate, its process right (male) or obtuse angulate (female), the sides slightly arcuate and tip scarcely rounded. Wings long and narrow, being twice as long as wide; disk light blue, bordered exteriorly by the usually incomplete and narrow fuscous band which, when present on the exterior border, reaches much less than halfway to the anal angle; apical two-tifths hyaline without any infuscated cells. Posterior tibie light blue with a distinct light annulus, which is sometimes intensified on the outside by a white cloud. Length of body, male, 18 mm.; female, 28 mm. Length of teg- mina, male, 28 mm.: female, 31 mm. Length of posterior femora, male, 12 mm.; female, 15 mm. No.1215. REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 445 Los Angeles, California, Bruner. I have seen Bruner’s types in the U. S. National Museum, and I have typical specimens from him from Los Angeles, California, and Camp Umatilla, Wyoming. TRIMEROTROPIS CYANEIPENNIS Bruner. Trimerotropis cyaneipennis Bruner, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XII, 1890, p. 68. Scutellum of the vertex narrow; median carina indistinct. Prono- tum with the anterior margin scarcely angulate; median carina scarcely cristate even on the prozone; disk of the metazone smoothly granulate, sometimes with a few scattered larger granulations; metazone nearly twice as long as the prozone, with its process scarcely acute-angular, the sides straight and the tip slightly rounded. Wings not quite twice as long as broad; disk deep blue, with a moderately broad distinct black band, which sends a spur a little more than halfway to the base and is continued on the exterior margin never more and usually much less than halfway to the anal angle; apex hyaline, without any infus- rated cells. Posterior tibiz deep blue, with a pale basal or subbasal annulus, sometimes suffused on the outside with brown. Length of body, male, 23 mm.; female, 30 mm. Length of teg- mina, male, 23 mm.; female, 31 mm. Length of posterior femora, male, 12 mm.; female, 54 mm. Habitat.—Salt Lake Valley, Utah, Bruner. I have seen Bruner’s types in the U. S. National Museum, also specimens from Grand Canyon and Flagstaff, Arizona. Bruner says of this species: ‘* It fre- quents rather well-clothed surfaces among the rocky talus of mountain sides.” AZURESCENS group. Frontal costa distinctly sulcate, but very briefly above the ocellus; scutellum always plainly longer than wide, but less obviously in the females; central and lateral foveole distinct. Pronotum with the metazone nearly twice as long as the prozone, at least plainly more than once and a half as long; median carina low and very slightly cris- tate, even on the prozone; lateral carinze obsolete. even on the front part of the prozone, but the disk plain and shoulders well marked; lateral lobes never toothed; process of the metazone rectangular or acute. Tegmina maculate with annular spots, which are generally collected into quite irregular and ill-defined bands, one occupying the basal third, another the middle, and the last the apical third; middle field beyond the median and cubital forks largely hyaline; intercalary vein on its apical half close to the median, at same point separated from it by about once its width; the median is free from the cubitus at the end of the intercalary field or united with it by a short vein, but never fused with it. Wing without any trace of a fuscous band 446 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, except sometimes in the infuscations of the veins of the area usually occupied by the band; hyaline, with the base very faintly tinged with blue, or greenish; dividing vein of the second anal uniting with the second anal one-third the length of the latter from the base. Posterior femora with the disk of the inner face black with two light bands on the apical half; lower sulcus black or more or less infuscated with two light bands on its apical half. Posterior tibiz never red nor blue, yellowish or obscure. TRIMEROTROPIS AZURESCENS Bruner. Trimerotropis azurescens Bruner, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XII, 1890, p. 69. Trimerotropis perplexa BRuNER, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XII, 1890, p. 74. Size medium; color varying from grayish-white to dull brown, much but not conspicuously varied with fuscous. Frontal costa sulcate for a considerable distance above the ocellus; scutellum of the vertex only moderately (female) or deeply (male) sul- cate, a little (female) or much longer (male) than wide, with the median carina distinct though slight; eyes plainly shorter than the genal groove. Pronotum with the median carina low, even upon the prozone, and barely cristate; posterior lobe of the crest of the prozone conspicuously longer than the posterior lobe; lateral carinze entirely wanting on the metazone and scarcely visible on the anterior part of the prozone; metazone finely granulate without larger scat- tered granulations, nearly twice as long as the prozone, with its process acute angular, sides straight, and tip slightly rounded. Teg- mina much varied, with slightly contrasting, not very dark, annular spots, which are very imperfectly segregated into the three bands typical of the genus; area of the cubital fork in the male occupied by a single series of cells, at least at the base in the male; this area very variable in the female. Wings broad, but much more decidedly in the females; in the former scarcely, in the latter fully two-thirds as long as broad; hyaline, faintly tinged with blue or greenish, especially on the anal portion of the radiate field, with fuscous band only faintly indicated in some specimens by infuscation of the veins. Posterior femora plain on the outer face or very inconspicuously banded. Posterior tibize obscure yellow, with indefinite brownish clouds on the basal half and apically. Length of body, male, 22 mm., female, 29 mm.; length of teg- mina, male, 24 mm., female, 30 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 12 mm., female, 14 mm. Habitat.—Fort Benton, Montana, United States National Park, Wyoming, Lemhi or Salmon River, Idaho; Chadron, Nebraska, Bruner; Alkali Stage Station, Green River, Wyoming, Scudder. I have seen specimens of azurescens from Fort Benton, Montana, and Salmon City, Idaho, from Doctor Bruner’s collection, also Bruner’s No. 1215. ANG OF THE eas pe OES MCNEILL. 447 types in the U.S. National Museum; and in the s same collection speci- mens from Yellowstone, Montana. I have specimens of perplexa from Chadron, Nebraska, determined by Doctor Bruner. A careful examination of these specimens fails to show any constant ditference, and I am compelled to believe them synonymous. Bruner says of perplexa: It produces a very decided clatter upon the wing. According to the same author- ity it is a bare-ground species, living upon stunted chenopodiacee, which manages to live in the alkali flats, where it abounds. TRIMEROTROPIS PSEUDOFASCIATA Scudder. Trimerotropis pseudofasciata ScuppDER, App. J. J. Ann. Rept. Chief Eng., 1876, p. 514. Size medium; color usually light brown, rather strongly varied with fuscous maculations. Frontal costa rather strongly sulcate above as well as below the ocellus, with the carine gradually diverging from immediately below the ocellus to the clypeus; scutellum of the vertex much longer than wide, strongly suleate with the median carina faint, but continued across the occiput to the pronotum; eyes decidedly longer than the genal groove. Pronotum with the anterior margin plainly angulate; median carina more than usually cristate, with the anterior lobe of the prozonal crest only slightly longer than the pos- terior lobe; disk of the metazone with a few larger granulations which show a tendency to run together into lines; process of the metazone rectangular, with the sides straight and the apex rounded; metazone a little less than one and three-quarter times as long as the prozone. Tegmina long and slender, with the usual bands distinct, but obviously composed of annular spots, the basal one with its inner margin dis- tinguishable from the spots between it and the base of the wing; only the apical third is distinctly hyaline; area between the cubital forks wide, occupied by several series of polygonal cells. Wing narrow, twice as long as broad, hyaline with the disk tinged with very dilute dull yellow, fuscous band represented only by a darkening of the veins and occasionally by some smokiness in a few of the cells in area usually occupied by the band. Posterior femora rather distinctly banded on the outer face. Posterior tibixe obscure yellow with traces of three brownish clouds, one basal, another near the middle, and a third apical. Length of body, male, 22 mm., female, 24 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 25 mm., female, 27 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 104 mm., female, 12.2 mm. Santa Cruz Island, San Diego, Scudder; San Joaquin Valley, Coquillett. I have seen one of Scudder’s type specimens in the U. 5. National Museum from Santa Cruz Island and have examined. a. male of the typical specimens from San Diego collected by Palmer. 448 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. According to Coquillett this species occurs in destructive numbers in the Joaquin Valley. In 1885 he estimated that it was one-twentieth as abundant as the Devastating Locust (J/elanoplus devastator). Early in June the species was most abundant in grain fields, but after har- vest it did considerable injury to grapevines and low trees. They do not migrate in swarms, but apparently quite independent of each other fly with or against the wind at will. They occasionally make the erackling sound while flying which is especially characteristic of Circotettix. When at rest they seem to prefer the bare ground, but seek the shade in the hottest part of the day. They readily eat dry leaves and the bodies of their dead companions. The eggs are laid in bare fields. Mr. Coquillett has given the name of Yellow Locust to this species, which appears to be very suitable. TRIMEROTROPIS LAUTA Scudder. Trimerotropis lauta ScuppER, Ent. Notes, V, 1875-76, p. 26. Small or medium, brown much varied with fuscous maculations, occasionally plainer, except the tegmina, which are always distinctly maculate. Scutellum of the vertex very deeply sulcate, with the median carina faint, but continued upon the occiput, nearly twice as long as broad; eyes a little longer (male) or a little shorter (female) than the genal groove. Pronotum with the disk flat and the lateral ‘arine barely apparent on the front of the metazone and prozone; median carina less prominent on the prozone than in 7rimerotropis pseudofasciata and scarcely cristate, with the anterior lobe of the crest of the prozone plainly longer than the posterior lobe; metazone nearly twice as long as the prozone, with the disk smooth with a few scat- tered larger granulations; metazonal process acute, rectangular, or obtuse in the same sex, with the sides straight and the apex barely rounded. Tegmina thickly maculate with annular spots, which exhibit only a trace of the usual arrangement into three bands; area of the cubital forks occupied by a single row of cells in the male, in the female by about two rows at least proximally. Wings narrow, but not quite twice as long as broad, hyaline even on the disk, and without a trace of the usual fuscous band even in the veins. Posterior femora distinctly banded on the outer face. Posterior tibie as in the pre- ceding species, with the markings more distinct. Length, male, 19 mm., female, 264 mm.; length of tegmina, male, 18 mm., female, 25 mm.; length of posterior femora, male, 9 mm., female, 12 mm. Habitat.—Lower California, Guadalupe Island, Scudder. I have one of Dr. Scudder’s types and a number of specimens from Guada- lupe Island in the museum of Stanford University. This species 1s doubtless restricted to Guadalupe Island, and while very closely related to the preceding species, it is probably distinct. NO. 1215. bigot TGs 2, Goto: Fia. 4. Fig. 5. TG. 6: REVISION OF THE GENUS TRIMEROTROPIS—MCNEILL. 449 DESCRIPTION OF PLATE XXI. Right tegmen of Trimerotropis saxatilis. Ist A and 2d ) Woes | eee eles 20 ane She 26s tee Dine | Dow sete 15 30 16 15 90 eiate. Sal*S25 (25 <1" De, Doses 12.5. |° 2355 jl oan 255) 15. BeeLO | feo). Das Docecoa 11. 59h 200 5) LOR ay One Nee ae 6.50 1754) a Do. Doe yeas! if - | 20-5 | 1s ehledte | dae 9.5 | 6.5 | 19 Do. Firth of Forth |) 14 7) | 245.) 12" iis) leet tt 7D" 22) ay Oo: Womens 11.5. [62201 RT Waa 10: ol iG el OOkS ae Dip | De soe 16 | 260° | Wasa: | Ao = eee | 92 | hemale Jersey .22se5see eG a2 a de 11 15 10 6 19 | Male Do.) ae 126) 20. | AO hee eared 9 | 6.5 | 17.5 | Female. Doe see LO. 57a 9 1} Sere Le 6 16 Male Do lees 10" es 9 Geo! Lia ie Sa a5. ou © Do Holland). 21.2 22 10 18 9 96 |) 12 8 Oe: Do. Doz 23 10 1854/29 OA: Serer 5) Sb. AS Do. Doo. se 957118 Sisaliness 2 |) Ae ib Pap. || 46 Do. Shetland.....-. 12/5.) 24) 12) SS 6 Sew | 6.55) 20 Do. Norway ---.--- taal ooks st hel Pe Geet 210 7.519 | Female. Channel Islands} 12 DAS alle? 12 16 10:5 | 6.5 | 20:5 | Male. Dor! Spas 1 2105 th) Tele a eats POG My eee doe Dae 12 22/215, a 5 Ooo 2 OU SUlero slate Do. PAGURUS ACADIANUS, new species. Pagurus bernhardus Goup, Invert. of Mass., 1841, p. 329.—Dr Kay, Nat. Hist. New York, Crust., 18438, p. 20. Bernhardus streblonyx Stimpson, Marine Invert. of Grand Manan, 1853, p. 59. Eupagurus bernhardus Stimpson, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., New York, 1859, p. 89.— 8. I. Smrrn, Rept. U. S. Fish Commr. for 1871 and 1872 (1874), p. 548; Trans. Conn. Acad., V, 1879, p. 46; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., III, 1880, p. 428; VI, pp. 28, 29, 1883, pl. v, fig. 1.—Smira and Hareer, Trans. Conn. Acad., IIT, 1874, p. 27.—R. Rarusun, Fishery Industries of the U.S., Ist sec., 1884, Daaiio: A comparison of 7. bernhardus from northwestern Europe with the common northeastern coast species of America has convinced me that they are specifically distinct. In both hands the fingers of £. bernhardus are much longer, in proportion to the length and breadth of the palm, than in acad/anus. The granules of the hands in the American form are sharper than in the European species; especially is this true of the lower outer curve of the dactyl of the large hand, where in the Amer- ie ys NO. 1216. HERMIT CRABS—BENEDICT. 455 ican form the granules make a sharp and rather thin edge. The worn condition of the Kuropean specimens may account for a part of this difference. The eyestalks in the American form are relative ‘ly larger, as shown in fig. 1. The measurements of acadianus were made from specimens averaging larger than those with which they are com- pared. Much of the utility of the study of geographical distr ibution PAGURUS ACADIANUS. of a genus must be lost if forms closely relatea are grouped under one specific name. The name bernhardus as readily designates our species from its associates, pubescens, hréyeri, ete., as will acadianus, but the latter name will much better emphasize the difference separating it from the European species or from the more closely related North Pacific form. RECORD OF SPECIMENS EXAMINED. From the Grand Bank of Newfoundland to the mouth of Chesapeake Bay, 7 to 265 fathoms, U.S. Fish Commission. Nh eg ee es ey! | eer Pea | Cat. No. Station. | Cat.No. Station. Cat. No. | 240 | 3972 1165 |° “5894 || ~ 2082 5889 S6om-|) 23916 1250 |\ jog08 2254 8695 | 865 | 5072 Vea ih ieee 2255 8694 900 | 4836 2017 | 5631 || 2576 11022 982 || g049 2057 5965 || 2578 10793 ORS meh wets 2058 5952 || 2579 11023 eoeed 5073 | 2081 5896 456 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. Off Cape $ sane Nova Scotia, 16 phone (12604); Giga ester Harbor, Massachu- setts, 7 to 10 fathoms (2564, 2610, 2849); off Cape Ann, 19 to 29 fathoms (2580, 2597); off Cape Cod, 10 to 17 fathoms (3882, 3884, 4542); off Gay Head (14597); 12853). 183 fathoms (4543, Southwestern edge of Grand Bank, Georges Bank, 32 to 46 fathoms Grand Manan, New Banani S. F. Cheney (12332). fathoms (3762); Massachusetts ( Oro ODO 4); 34 fathoms (3838, 4582, 4583, 5034); Gloucester donations. 200 fathoms ee (235 3758-3760 Ne ; Measurements of Pagurus acadianus. Vineyard Sound, Block Island Sound, 13 to ); off St. Peters Bank, 265 off Plymouth, 68 | 83 Neermiee: Wiese ae alee s ae | a8 |] af bs Weal : LS | | bo ‘b = = 80 ta | 3 | S 5 8 So | x 5 83 | = | 4 4 H 4 = H eH -| | | mm. mm mm mm mm, mm. | mm Georges Bank... 20 36 ity fed 25 15) ) EL Dow ses 19.5 | 34.5 | 15.5 | 18 22 13 =| :10 IDOAeee SS | 19.5 | 3520 | Ivo 7 28 23.5 | 1d 11 Dost | 17 29.5 | 13:5 | 15:5.) 20 12 10 Dosseaae | 16.5 | 27 eee ere) a LO ste) ala rai Dose Wale) ieeee 14 HOE OG |e) Seltzer, 1) Off Cape Cod -. 16 21.5 | 10 12: 55) Ge | 2-9. 382 ’ Doe. 13.5 | 25 9: aS oS 8.5] 8 ' Do. <- see 14 Doe at LO 6 11 8 2 : Doe == Se By AD So) LORS elas ayes 6.5 | 18 | Male. Off Cape Ann..| 15.5 | 28 L255 A Tl Op ait oe 9° 23.5 Do. Do Ree: 13.5" | 25 || 10 Mevistdne sary loc) 8 [18.5] Do. Doe ee 13°) 21.) 10 ipa is G-F oe |) 5a ane. Off Marthas | Vineyard - 1 19.5) B51 Ee sks ss 6.5 | 18 Do. Doren t se. 113) 22 LOE A YW gk 15 9.5 | 20 Do. Dore ea. OM LS 9 10 14 8 Goon eal eeeDo: Vineyard Sound} 11 Li Tape 10 eee at 7 | 14.5 | Female. | Does aes 10 125955), ao 7 11 6..5,| 5) | 14) Male, Dor 2s 10 Le |" feo |) Boa ali 7 | 6 |15 | Female. Doses 10 16 7 Sona? 7 6 15 | Male. Dost esas 9.5 14 6 SH Nine oe oe Mt rae Yl 3 | 12 Do. PAGURUS ALASKENSIS (Benedict). Eupagurus bernhardus var. B granulata-denticulata? Branpr, Middenaorff’s Sibir. Reise, Zool., 1851, p. 107. q Eupagurus bernhardus Stimpson, Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., VI, 1857, p. 485. Eupagurus alaskensis Benepict, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., V, 1892, p. 2. Pagurus alaskensis Hotmes, Occasional Papers Cali. Acad. Sei., VII, 1900, p. 135. The anterior portion of the carapace is a little broader than long. The rostral tooth is produced to the base of the eye scales; the lateral projections are much less produced. ‘The eyestalks are short and stout, constricted in the middle. The eye scales taper from the base to a blunt apex; the subterminal spine is conspicuous from above. The acicles of the antennz reach the proximal end of the flagella and are aes. OF? No. 1216. HERMIT CRABS—BENEDICT. 457 three-sided; sides flat, iridescent. The inner margin is armed with from 12 to 16 short conical teeth, and is set with bunches of hair. The merus of the right cheliped is very stout and strong, and extends beyond the eye by about one-half its length. The carpus is armed on its inner margin with a line of stout spines; there are also PAGURUS ALASKENSIS. two longitudinal rows of spines on its upper surface; it is elsewhere thickly set with spiny granules. The hand is set with spiny granules forming a border on the outer margin. On the fingers the surface is very coarsely granular. The left cheliped is much smaller than the right; its carpus has a row of strong spines on the inner margin, and a parallel row farther 458 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. down on the outer surface; otherwise it is set with spiny granules as in the large hand. The dactyl does not show from above any flat- tened surface, but from the prehensile edge to the outer margin it is evenly rounded. The ambulatory legs of the right side overreach the right cheliped but little; in. very large specimens not at all. The upper surface of the merus joints are a little flattened. The upper margin of the car- pus is armed with a single row of spines. Upper surface of propodal joints flattened, armed with a row of short spines on the summit and elsewhere with spiny granules. The dactyls are very wide, com- pressed, and twisted. The upper surface is convex, its summit and margins each set with a row of granules. Between these rows are long, smooth surfaces. The inner surface of the dactyl is flat. The outer surface is very convex near the proximal end, but becomes much more flattened near the tip. In alcoholic specimens the general color above is a light purple with iridescent reflections; below, light, tinged with reddish. A red streak runs around the prehensile edge of the thumbs and behind the dactyls to the inner margins of the hands. There is an oblong patch of red on the outer distal margins and on the inner upper surface of the merus joints of the cheliped. The lower outer surface of the car- pal joints of the ambulatory legs are pointed with red. The propodal joints and dactyls are longitudinally streaked with red. This species is very close to bernhardus, but is easily distinguished by its broader and shorter left hand, by the wide dactyls of the ambulatory legs, by the acicula, and by its pearly iridescence. Brandt recognized but one North Pacific ‘‘ variety” of bernhardus besides the very distinct ochotensis; of this he had but a single speci- men obtained by Wosnesenski at Unalaska and believed by Brandt to be identical with the very common form on the English coast, which he designates under the descriptive phrase as ‘‘ var. B. granu- lata-denticulata.” As alaskensis has a much greater resemblance to the true bernhardus than has aleuticus, Brandt’s descriptive phrase is made synonymous with it, though from the locality a/eutéceus would be much more likely to be obtained. Stimpson says under Hupagu- ***Specimens have been sent from Puget Sound by Dr. Kennerly.” Specimens from the Straits of Fuca are small but readily distinguished from acadianus. rus bernhardus. ‘Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., New York, VII, p. 89. a ll NO. 1216. HERMIT CRABS—BENEDICT. | 459 RECORD OF SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Alaska, from Unimak Island to Bristol Bay, 5 to 47 fathoms; U.S. Fish Commiis- sion steamer Albatross, 1890 and 1891: | Station. | Cat. No. || Station. | Cat. No. || Station. | Cat. No. || Station. | Cat. No. 3242 | 16360 3281 | 163871 3246 | 16361 3283 | 16372 3247 | 16362 |). 3285 | 16373 | 3240 | 16359 || 3278 16370 | 3294 | ee 3456 | 16785 3295 | 16383 | 3460 | 16786 | We 3296 16384 3463 | 16787 3215 | 16353 3248 | 16363 3286 | 16374 3297 16385 | 3218 | 16392 || 3249 | 16364 | 3287 | 16375 3298 | 16386 3231 | 16354 | 3250] 16365 | 3288) 16376 3300 | 16387 3233 |. 16355 || 3268 16366 || 3289] 16377 3301 16388 3234 16356 | 3269 16367 | 3290 | 16378 3302 16389 3235 | 16357 || 3270 | 16368 3291 | 16379 3304 16390 3236 | 16358 || 3271 | 16369 3292 | 16380 3305 | 16391 3293 | 16381 3448 | 16784 | | From Gulf of Georgia, British Columbia, to Cape Flattery, Washington, 31 to 67 fathoms; U.S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross, 1888: | Station. Cat. No. Pra 2863 16406 | 2867 | 16393 | 2868 | 16352 2869 16408 2872 16351 Port Townsend, Washington; U. 8S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross, 1889 (16394). Siberia and Alaska; W.H. Dall: Locality. Fathoms. | Bottom. Cat. No. Port Providence, Plover Bay...........-- 8-20 | IVC pee 16395 INaviamile Bay ee AG Kase o,. = oh ts Bae eee 10=16 | Sand ..---=- 16398 RorteNO Wer te te se bas De et oe Beach tor? 25220022. _ 16400 DAPI Rep yo oe Soe is eee ete oS aise (el8Rlaee 2d) saseee 16402 Choimkotiwilislandies.. 9222-2.) see eae G24) eee dope ee 16397 Chajafka Cove, Kadiak _..............-- | 15-20 | Gravel ....- 12502 Port Mulgrave, Yakutat Bay..-......-.- 640 eso S2k Stee 16396 Crary pls dv eee eee cee i een Son ee bes 6- 9 | Sandy mud - 16401 Killisnoo, Alaska; Lieut. Commander H. E. Nichols, U.S. N. (12407). Kasa-an Bay, Prince of Wales Island, Alaska; Dr. T. H. Streets, U.S. N. (16404). Victoria, British Columbia, 10 fathoms; Dr. C. F. Newcombe (15803). 460 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. Measurements of Pagurus alaskensis. x = as © g | } S es | Seer ks go | ae en eee Soe “ SORE * Sse | 28 | Soe gage li ia! UES | ga emi a | =z 0 Bp Bn Saal’ a2 ea S | 2 03 ; 2 B a Bs Pt ne iB = | wl 4 ios = = a = 4 a = 4 | Zz 2 i cena ae Le ee aN = Wii, nin. nim. wim, nin, mm. Wein, mum. | 3248 | 19.5 | 43.5) 22 24 29 18 5 35. | Male. 16 29 140 Tete 20.5 | 13 12 24 Female. fe) | P27 So eteste 16 20 eb ltt 23 Do. 3250 24 56 27 29 35.5 | 21 16.5 | 43 | Male. 3294 | 19.5) 39 19h. Peo ate os 17 14,5-)" 34, )5 “Bor S650 87 18 21 BBLSN ( 16.5 eid 5 alesis) lomo: 15.5 | 30 14 16.5 |) 22d These, BE gl ano: 15 | 28 13 16° | RSs 10 oy ue De! 3246 | 22 | 52 26 7 33 20.5 | 16 39. | = Dos 17.5 | 35 18 19 | 24 15." |) 122) 20) =| cao bh G. | D0 ie ales | ie salir aaa ons 1a le ee lt Dire Be 16. Bal 8005! |! 206. ban 7! Bol e2e SE 8" US 12 5 > 4, Sel wemale: | 18 | 81,5.) 26. | ASB ho Bee) 18255) (Ae aa 256i 7 De: 3086 | 16 | 98.51 13 16.5] 22 | 13 11.5 | 26 | Male. 15.5 | 30 WES! arp Sale aal aks 1? iy leu) Ae 12 22k TO. Soh tee Matgapae 216 85) 220hio ius Bo: 12> | 20,5.|" ohbal. iiutattonaalemiOebe 8 18.5 | -Do. 10 18 85 ded 13 8 OP a6 Do. 10 16.5 8 9.5 ites fae 7 15 | Female. 10.5 | 18 8:5 ater 14 8 7.5| 15 | Male. 9 We al 8 9.5 2 7 6.5 14.5 | Do. | | | PAGURUS ALEUTICUS (Benedict). ? Pagurus streblonyx OWEN, Beechey’s Voy., Zool., Crust., 1839, p. 81 (not Leach). Hupagurus aleuticus BENepict, Proc: U. 8. Nat. Mus., XV, 1892, p. 3. Pagurus aleuticus Hotmes, Occasional Paper Cali. Acad. Sci., VII, 1900, p. 136. The front has the three teeth sharper and a little more prominent than in d/askensis. The middle or rostral tooth is not quite so much produced. The eyestalks are much stouter and some longer than in dlaskensis. ‘The eye scales are larger and less acuminate. The subter- minal spine does not show from above. The acicles are broader at the base than in alaskensis. The chelipeds are stout. The carpal joints are armed with numer- ous sharp spines. That of the left cheliped is three-sided, and not four, as in alaskensis. The dactyls of both hands show from above a smooth oblique surface, either flat or a trifle concave. In the small hand this surface is free from hair and granules; in the large hand it is bordered with short spiny granules, and the granules inclosed are very small. The spiny granules of both hands are bifurcate, except those of the margin, which are simple. The dactyls of the ambulatory legs are very wide and thin. The upper surfaces are entirely occupied by a sulcus, deep at the base of the article, becoming shallow at the i NO. 1216. HERMIT CRABS—BENEDICT. 46] end. This character of the dactyls is suflicient to distinguish this from any other species of the bernhardus type. The color is dark in most specimens. The dactyl of the large hand has a horny tip on the prehensile edee = S - > PAGURUS ALEUTICUS. in old and young. In d/askens/s this character is present in the young only, as is also true of acadianus. Owen’s remarks on the two specimens taken at Kamchatka will apply well enough to this species. The color is usually **a dirty brown hue, and the left hand is quite variable.” 462 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXTIT RECORD OF SPECIMENS EXAMINED. From Unalaska to Oregon, Albatross, 1888 to 1890. 3 to 238 fathoms; U. S. Fish Commission steamer Station. l Cat. No. Station. Cat. No. Station. Cat. No. a em 2844 16441 3216 16409 3282 16411 | 2847 16425 3217 16433 3310 16424 | 2848 16415 3224 16440 3311 16418 | 2849 16428 3225 16437 3313 16420 | 2852 16430 3257 16434 3321 16436 | 2854 16423 3258 16438 | 3322 | 16429 | 2855 16419 3259 16416 3334 | 16432 | 2856 16426 3260 16442 3335 | 16412 | 2862 | 16413 3267 16414 3453 16788 2866 | 16439 3273 16435 3458 16789 | 2882 16444 3278 16443 3460 16790 2884 16427 3279 16410 | 3076 16421 3280 16431 | Alaska, from Unalaska to Cook Inlet; W. H. Dall. Locality. Fathoms. Bottora. | Cat. No. Captains Harbor, Unalaskase== eee 9-15 | Gravel, stones.......-- | 16405 Captains Harbor, Unalaska, between 30 | Sand)... 22. aes | 16780 South Flat and West Head. | | Ridgey Captains Harbors. se aes SON do. Case 16781 Port levasih efiis< el see te eee renee mee He enti +g) a 12500 West of Amaknak Island -._...---.----- 60 | Rock, stones, mud..-.| 16399 Coal, HarhorsUnga 2.22 2220, 2s eee 8-9 | Sand, stones _....-.--- _ 16407 Chigchi Islands oes. 5) ae eee 2A Mitigen sees eee es 1677 Chajaika Cove; Kadiake <2 555222) 2 meee: SAS Mndisamdias. a= ene e a= 16782 Kachekmak Bay, Cook Inlet........-.--- 20-60 | Sandy mud:3..2°52 428 | 12512 _—— F - No. 1216. HERMIT CRABS—BENEDICT. Measurements of Pagurus aleuticus, aD nS = wD ue eae we = aS ore 3 Se Siete tS ca = S ae ot] Siler Ba eiciaes| ener Ss A nee. mm | num. mm mem wiin mm. min, 2845 | 23 ba | ip 24 38. 2 90 15.5 | 42 200 =. | 47 Dea so9em | 9005) | 7.5 | 13.5 | 40 20 35 16.5 | 19 25 15 13, 4-32 99.5 | 46 DOM OSs | x30) 17°5, | 16.5 | 35 2856 | 20 41.5 | 20 Mak, | OV ebalt AG 135 5-10 33 2854 | 17 32 14.57) -i7-— *| 99 Oe Te 5 oF 18 32 14a) ees come ol 11.5 | 28. 13 23 10.5 | 12 16 9.5 9 20 3259 | 18.5 | 39 18.5 | 21 24.5 | 14 13.5 | 30 20 40 19 2OPSileees Je 16-5 | 14a5 4, Si 16.5 | 30 13 16.5 | 90.5 | 11.5] 11.5 | 27 18 29 PQS 5s A7 21 11.5| 12 25. Ae eo My S105 |e. | U7aa 0.5110. | 21 3216; 15.5] 31 eee: Oahe ot 15: |} Sd oT 13 2a5D | 1 aiealoes ||. 16 955.0 GMil-21 13% BineOAs5 |. la | ee hy; 10 en 12 bole 20 LOM thes: | ts 9 8 21 10.5 19 Oe tome eas 7.5 7 | 19 ieee te 2025: | LOSI | penal | 14.5 8 8 20 10 17.5 Se | he OP elo 5 7 Gi ecair 10 16 8 Qh | 2 a 6.5 16 | | 463 Sex. | Male. Do. Female. | Male. Do. a4 Do. 5 | Female. Male. Do. Do. Do. 5 Female. Do. 5 ; Male. Female. Male. Do. Female. Male. 5 | Do. | Female. Summary of tables of measurements. 7 Name. = s 3 a = So 4 Sek os | eer see : Ses 3 ih | aace ag ag | Sa bo S| os =o oe bo F go | 88 | ge =E Sim pode ee orci eae 2S aa ae on Deep | Or. D om Om (a eee Roe eestor | | (2060 O's 505 | && ae eere cee) © Aa Eq Es | + p | poe | ST eas | < < < < = “ ee | a - — — : mm. ; mm, mm mm. mm mim Pagurus bernhardus| 12.3 | 22 | 11.5] 11.1) 14.7 9 Pagurus acadianus., 14 23.5 | 10.5 | 12 LOT Ts | 10 Pagurus alaskensis.-| 15 31 LAS eli | 21.5 | 13 Pagurus aleuticus .. 16 30 14 16 Sh, 2050 12 PAGURUS OCHOTENSIS Brandt. Pagurus (Eupagurus) bernhardus var. C. spinimana; or sp. ochot Middendorff’s Sibir. Reise, Zool., 1851, p. 108. Bernhardus armatus Dana, U. 8. Expl. Exped. Crust., fig. 2. Eupagurus armatus Stimpson, Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., Nat. in Brit. Columbia, IT, 1866, p. 287. Pagurus ochotensis Hotmes, Occasional papers, Cali. Acd. Sci., I, 1852, p. VALI | 3 |Bas ao oS a3 Ona : 2a Sted cs 0 oa \age. na eee ~~ ie = = 7 Ban oO°0 > ROSS < 4 min. mm. | 6:7 | 19 8 20.5 11 | 25.5 11 |} 26.5 ensis BRANDT, 442, pl. Xxvil, VI, 1857, p. 484.—Bare, 1900, p. 137. The front is tridentate, the teeth of nearly equal prominence; the eyestalks are moderately large; minal spine showing from above. The antennal acicula is flat, its inner edge hairy and very uneven, but not spiny as the eye scales pointed, the subter- very large, in dleuticus 464 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. and alaskensis, the inner surface highly iridescent. The outer angle of the basal article is very much produced, and the inner edge is spiny. Chelipeds not long, the merus extending but very little beyond the eyes. Where the preceding species of the bernhardus type are granu- PAGURUS OCHOTENSIS. lar or with spiny granules, this species is thickly set with slender spines. The hands are hairy, the hairs not reaching to the end of the spines. The color of alcoholic specimens is a straw yellow. Slender streaks of red run longitudinally on the carpal, propodal, and dactyl joints of the ambulatory legs. The merus joints have two transverse streaks of the same color. RECORD OF SPECIMENS EXAMINED. From Vancouver Island to San Diego, California, 20 to 62 fathoms; U.S. Fish Com- mission steamer A/batross, 1888 and 1890. | | | Station. Cat.No. |} Station. Cat. No. os eee | ee) a BCs: 2879 16512 S111 16516 2880 16513 3146 16517 2881 16514 3150 16518 2934 16515 || 3154 16519 Or ae NO. 1216, HERMIT CRABS—BENEDICT. pp Se On Alaska; W. H. Dall: ? Port Levasheff, 70 to 80 fathoms, mud, stones (16778). Sitka, 10 to 25 fathoms (14951). Menzies Bay, Discovery Passage, British Columbia, 6 fathoms, soft bottom: Lieut. Commander H. E. Nichols, U.S. N. (5929). Victoria, British Columbia, 10 fathoms; Dr. C. F. Neweombe (15801). Straits of Fuca (3397). PAGURUS PATAGONIENSIS (Benedict). Eupagurus. patagoniensis Benepicr, Proc. U. 8. National Museum, XV. 1892, p. 3. The anterior portion of the carapace is a little broader than long. The front has three rounded lobes equally produced. The lateral lobes PAGURUS PATAGONIENSIS. are armed with a single small, sharp spine, which points directly for- ward. The length of the eyestalks laid off on the front equals the distance from the angle of the front to the middle of the eyestalk on the opposite side; they are stout, constricted in the middle, and dilated and flattened at the cornea. The eye scales are much as in 7”. d/asken- sis, the subterminal spine is black tipped and shows from above; the acicles reach the base of the flagella. In form they are very closely like that of bernhardus, and not so much flattened as in the related Alaskan species. Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii 30 466 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, The chelipeds are a little shorter than the ambulatory legs of their respective sides. The carpus of the large cheliped is shaped like that of P. bernhardus, but it is evenly set with short, sharp spines with black, horny tips. The spines of the upper surface of the hand are like those of the carpus, and are arranged in seven more or less distinct rows. The hand is more than twice as long as broad; the outer mar- gin is arcuate; the inner margin is nearly straight. The prehensile edges of the fingers are armed with large turbicles, and are horny near the tips. The merus joints of both chelipeds are very smooth on their large surfaces, but bordered with spines below. The left cheliped reaches to the base of the dactyl of the large hand. It is similar in shape and armature, with the exception of the prehen- sile edges of the fingers, which are much more horny. The carpus has an evenly convex outer and upper surface armed with spines. The dactyls of the ambulatory legs are curved and bent, as in bern- hardus and allied species, but are not compressed. Length of the larger specimen 105 mm.; length of right cheliped 68 mm.:; length of right ambulatory legs 85 mm. RECORD OF SPECIMENS EXAMINED. East coast of Patagonia, 43 fathoms, station 2768; U.S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross, 1888 (16772), two specimens. PAGURUS BARBIGER (A. Milne-Edwards). Bernhardus barbiger A. Mrtnr-Epwarps, Crustacea, Mission Scientifique du Cap * Horn, Paris, 1891, p. F’28, pl. 1, fig. 1 a-e. The description of P. patagoniensis was published before the U. 8. National Museum received a copy of the above work, or a comparison would have been made and the differences in part given. As the figures of 7. barbiger were drawn by A. Milne-Edwards and agree very well with his descriptions, they must, in the absence of the type specimens, be assumed to be correct. The main points of difference are as follows: The front of 7. barbiger is slightly three lobed, with the middle a little in advance of the lateral lobes. The length of the eyestalk laid off on the front equals it in length. The carpus of the right hand is nearly rectangular. The outiine of the left hand is evenly arcuate on both sides. The figure of the second foot shows a broad dactyle, a very broad propodus arcuate beneath, the carpus is also broad, and both it and the propodus are armed with teeth or spines markedly different from those on the chelipeds. Notwithstanding these differ- ences, it is not impossible that the species may prove to be identical, as the type and only specimen of 7. barbiger is very much smaller than either specimen in this museum. The length of the right cheliped is given as 23 mm. ee ON A NEW SPECIES OF SPINY-TAILED IGUANA FROM - UTILLA ISLAND, HONDURAS. By LeEoNHARD STEJNEGER, Curator, Division of Reptiles and Batrachians. SomE time ago Dr. J. E. Jarnigan, United States consul at the port of Utilla, sent to the National Zoological Park, in Washington, several specimens of an undescribed species of spiny-tailed Iguana. Two of these died recently, and the adult serves as the type of the following description. Utilla is a small island, only 7 miles long, situated off the coast of Honduras, in the Caribbean Sea. It is located within the 100-fathom line surrounding the mainland. I take great pleasure in dedicating this new species to Dr. Frank Baker, the distinguished superintendent of the National Zoological Park, it being, so far as I know, the first new species described from specimens having lived in the park. CTENOSAURA BAKERI, new species. Diagnosis.—A rather large dewlap hanging from the posterior part of the throat; caudal whorls of spines separated by one and two rows of scales; spines of median caudal crest subequal, much larger than the other caudal spines; upper side of tibia with somewhat enlarged keeled scales; dorsal crest high, composed of about 40 spines, not continuous with caudal crest. Type.—No. 26317, U.S.N.M. Habitat.—Utilla Island, Honduras. Remarks.—The present species, in possessing a well-developed pend- ant dewlap, shows a close relationship to Ctenosaura palearis, described by me a few years ago, from Gualan, in Guatemala," and because of this striking peculiarity needs no comparison with any other species of the genus. From (. palearis it differs chiefly in the less marked ‘Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 381. PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUN, VOL. XXIII—No. 1217. 467 468 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. differentiation of the enlarged upper tibial scales and in the scutella- tion of the tail. In (C. bakeri only the fourth to eighth caudal whorls are composed of two scale rings, the others of three, viz, the posterior spinous one and two smaller basal rings, while in C. palearis there is only one very small basal ring throughout. In the latter the median spine of this basal ring is also correspondingly small, so that the median caudal crest consists of alternate large and small spines, while in C. bakeri the spines of the crest are equal or nearly so. Moreover, in this species the lateral spines are much less developed, being, in fact, smaller than the median series, while the opposite is true of C. palearis. There are many more structural differences, notably the smaller size of the head scales of C. baker7, but the characters pointed out above are sufficient to separate the two species. The coloration is also some- what different, inasmuch as the lateral black bands, though in the specimens of (. baker’ before me rather obscure, nevertheless involve the dorsal crest, the spines of which at the crossing of the band are jet black, while in (. palearvs the crest appears to be uniform pale. The dewlap of (. baker? is not quite as large as in C. palearis. The former species, therefore, in this, as in the scutellation of the tail, fills somewhat the gap between C. pa/earis and the other species of the genus, thus demonstrating the wisdom of not creating a new generic term based upon that character. A NEW SYSTEMATIC NAME FOR THE YELLOW BOA OF JAMAICA. By LronHarRD STEINEGER, Curator, Division of Reptiles and Batrachians. The yellow boa found in Jamaica is generally known as Ch7labothrus inornatus, or Epicrates inornatus. The specitic name, however, was given by the elder Reinhardt to the boa inhabiting Porto Rico, and as a direct comparison between a number of specimens from both islands has convinced me that they are specifically distinct, I am constrained to give the Jamaican boa a new name. EPICRATES SUBFLAVUS, new species. Diagnosis.—Seales 39-45 around the body; ventrals 274-286; no labial pits; a single frontal between supraoculars, which are nearly as large as frontal; prefrontals broadly in contact with preocular; color pale yellowish, with numerous blackish dorsal and lateral cross bars in zigzag, anteriorly quite broken and obscure, posteriorly strongly marked and extended so as to make the ground color appear blackish. Type.—No. 14507, U.S:N:.M. Habitat.—Jamaica. In the exclusion of the preocular from contact with the prefrontals by one or more smaller shields the Porto Rican boa differs constantly from the Jamaican species. The coloration is also quite different, and there are numerous other characters in the scutellation the constancy of which can only be.demonstrated by a larger material than I have access to at present. The division of the nasal does not offer a good character, though in the Porto Rican form it appears to be oftener undivided than in Jamaican specimens, but the size and arrangement of the parietals seem to be fairly diagnostic, since in all the specimens and accurate figures of Jamaican specimens examined by me there are PROCEEDINGS U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. XXIII—No. 1218. 469 470 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIIT two pairs of regular parietals of subequal size, the one immediately behind the supraocular frequently being even larger than the median pair, while in the true 7. /nornatus from Porto Rico the median pair, if not entirely split up into small shields, is much larger than the one on each side behind the supraoculars. There is also a slight, though apparently constant, difference in the number of yentrals, since in eight Jamaican specimens of /. subflavus I count, or find recorded, 274 to 286 ventrals, while the corresponding figures in eleven Porto Rican /. ‘nornatus are 261 to 271. DIAGNOSIS OF A NEW SPECIES OF IGUANOID LIZARD FROM GREEN CAY, BAHAMA ISLANDS. By LronHARD STEJNEGER, Curator, Division of Reptiles and Batrachians. Three species of Ledocephalus have thus far been recorded from the Bahamas, viz: L. schretbersi’, loxogrammus, and carinatus. ‘The first two belong to a group of the genus different from the one which includes the species here described. Whether the L. carinatus credited to the Bahamas is identical with the Cuban species or whether it agrees better with our new form Iam unable to say, for lack of authentic material. A few specimens in the National Museum (No. 4846), collected by Dr. Bryant in the Bahamas, seem to be true L. carinatus, however. LEIOCEPHALUS VIRESCENS, new species. Diagnosis. —V entral scales smooth; outer parietals twice as large as inner; head shields nearly smooth; three pairs of prefrontals; fifth toe, without claw, not more than half the length of head from tip of snout to posterior edge of parictals. Type.—No. 26758, U.S.N.M. Habitat.—Green Cay, Bahamas. This new Levocephalus, which was collected April 12, 1886, by the parties of the United States Fish Commission steamer A/batross, visiting Green Cay, belongs to the group of species typified by the Cuban Z. carinatus. It differs materially from that species, however, in the shortness of its fifth toe, which is shorter than, or at most equals, half the length of the shielded part of the head, measured from the tip of the snout to the posterior border of the parietals. All the scales of the body are, moreover, larger and much more pointed. The caudal crest is particularly high and well developed. The colora- tion also seems to differ somewhat as, in addition to the dusky dorsal cross bars, there is a light dorso-lateral line frem the supraoculars to the base of the tail, anda similar but broader one from the temples to the groin, with a broad dusky band between them. Twelve additional specimens testify to the constancy of the characters displayed by the type. PRocEEDINGaS U. S. NATIONAL Museum, VoL. XXIII—No. 1219. 471 a - cae 4 ken” ae > Eee ear ae a ca F « + ON THE WHEATEARS (SAXICOLA) OCCURRING IN NORTH AMERICA. By LEONHARD STEJNEGER, Curator, Division of Reptiles and Batrachians. Among the Passerine birds there is scarcely a genus more character- istic of the Old World than Saricola, forming, as it does, a very compact and well-circumscribed group of about forty species inhabiting Africa, Asia, and Europe, None of its near relatives, such as Prat/n- . cola, Ruticilla, Cyanecula, Luscinia, ete., inhabit any part of the New World. The Wheatears and their allies are consequently quite foreign to the Nearctic fauna. The occurrence of the common European Wheatear (Saacola wnanthe) in North America, at first thought to be only occasional or accidental, but since ascertained to be that of a regular breeder, has therefore always excited interest from a zoo-geographical standpoint, especially as it was found that, although a typical migratory bird and breeding both at the northeastern and the northwestern extremity of our continent, it appeared as a regular migrant nowhere in North America, the few isolated specimens recorded from Maine, Long Island, and even Bermuda being easily recognized as stragglers. Once it was understood that the Wheatear was not a mere casual visitor, but a legitimate native of our continent, ornithologists natu- rally were on the lookout for differential characters by which to separate the American birds specifically; and Cassin, who was apparently the first to handle a specimen from eastern North America, clearly pointed out its distinctions and figured the specimen. Not unnaturally, at that time (1854) he concluded that his Nova Scotia’ specimen and the one from northwestern America, which Vigors many years previously had named Saxicola wnanthoides, were identical, both being from America, and he accordingly gave his bird this name, notwithstanding ‘According to Brewer, in the History of North American Birds, I, p. 60, this specimen came in reality from Coal Harbor, Labrador. The gentleman who collected it was from Nova Scotia. PROCEEDINGS U.S. NATIONAL Museum, VOL. XXIII—No. 1220. 473 474 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. the fact that his own bird was characterized by its great size, while Vigors’s measurements showed a very small specimen. This large race was clearly understood by Professor Baird when, in 1864, he wrote his admirable Review of American Birds, but though he speaks of these large specimens as having ** reached North America by the Greenland route,” it almost seems as if he regarded the few obtained in Labrador and Canada as winter migrants returning regu- larly to Greenland to breed, though he indicates the possibility that they might ‘* nest in Newfoundland and Labrador.” Shortly after, Mr. W. H. Dall discovered the species breeding in Alaska, but these birds failed to bear out the characters of the alleged American race, which then fell into innocuous desuetude, so far as American ornithologists were concerned. The last one to examine into the matter was Mr. W. E. Nelson, who says’ that: The specimens secured by Mr. Dall were transmitted to Mr. Tristram to be com- pared with European specimens, with the result of determining that birds secured in Lapland at the same season were identical with the Alaskan examples. I have made a hasty comparison of my skins with those in the National Museum from Greenland and several Old World localities, and find no differences other than individual. The fact that large and small specimens were found both in Europe and in America seemed to close the incident forever. It appeared settled that Saricola ananthe was a homogeneous species, and conse- quently there was at that time no real objection to the conclusion that the Alaskan birds possibly returned to their winter quarters in Africa by way of Greenland. No attention was then paid to the suggestion made by me in my Results of Ornithological Explorations in the Commander Islands and in Kamchatka (1885) (pp. 349-351), that the Saxicola wananthe breeding in the Tchuktchi Peninsula and Alaska migrate southwestward along the Stanovoi Mountains to Udski, and thence farther through the interior of Asia. I did not elaborate the route of the Sax7/cola then, partly because the material at hand was as yet insufficient, partly because it was not one of the species collected by me in Kamchatka. The existence in Europe of a large form had long been suspected. Thus Degland as early as 1849* noted the existence of the large race, as follows: I have obtained at Dunkerque, in the month of May, specimens which are much larger than those which breed on our plains [Lille], and which differ, moreover, in their coloration. Their tarsus is longer, while their body nearly equals that of Saxi- cola leucura; the upper surface is less gray, tinged with reddish; the underside of a beautiful rufous, especially on the breast, neck, and sides, and the wing feathers are of a less deep black. ' Report on Natural History Collections made in Alaska, 1887, p. 221. *Ornith. Europ., I, p. 484. mes — No. 1220. ON NORTH AMERICAN WHEATEARS—STEJNEGER. 475 Tt seems that Gould in his ‘* Birds of Great Britain” also noted this difference, but it was not till 1879 that Lord Clifton in more express terms called attention to the two races, without naming them, how- ever. His remarks’ are so much to the point that I take pleasure in quoting them in full: The only authorities that I have been able to discover on the subject are Gould and Schlegel,’ other authors having failed to recognize any variation in the individ- uals of Savicola ananthe as generally recognized. Of these two authors Gould is the only one who gives exact measurements of the large race. I therefore quote the following from his ‘‘ Birds of Great Britain:”’ | Spread | \,,; | ne : Length. of wing. | Wing. | | Inches. Inches. | Inches. |Peliarzesracels zee. 2. = 63 113 4 | Smallitacessseaasdace 53 104 33 | Without giving his other measurements these will be enough to show the propor- tions of the two forms. As regards the difference in colouring, that is easily stated. Both races assume in spring a grey back, a white forehead and eye streak, and a darker wing; but while the smaller race changes from a reddish buff on the lower surface to pale yellow buff on the throat and breast, and whitish on the abdomen, the larger race retains the deep reddish buff on the throat and breast, and if there is any difference between the autumn and spring colouring of these parts it is that there is a richer glow of red about them in spring than in autumn. It is clear, therefore, that, independently of size, the rich reddish throat of the larger bird distinguishes it at once from the paler bird. It remains to say what little I know of the separate range and migration of this larger race. It issoon told. I know nothing of the bird’s occurrence west of Sussex; but it certainly appears every May on the shores of Sussex and Kent, and also on the opposite shores of the continent (see Schlegel’s ‘‘ Birds of Europe’’). Schlegel ® says it appears “‘in the month of May.’’ Gould obtained two specimens from Dungeness on May 9. My brother, Mr. Ivo Bligh, shot one in Cobham Park, near Gravesend, on May 1. This last specimen agrees exactly in size and color with Gould’s life-size figure, and also with specimens at Swaysland’s, the Brighton bird preserver. On the whole, therefore, I am unable to see why such a distinctly large race, that retains a red breast in summer and arrives on our southeast coast in May instead of March, should not be as worthy of recognition as the large brightly coloured bullfinch of eastern Europe. Unfortunately, as has already been remarked, Lord Clifton omitted to name the bird so well characterized by him, the inevitable result being that his successors simply ignored the existense of this large bird, or only gave it a passing notice, as Seebohm‘ and Saunders.’ 1Ibis, 1879, pp. 256-257. * A mistake for Degland, as I believe.—L. 8. * As already stated, I believe this to be a confusion with Degland’s Ornithologie Européenne. Schlegel, to my knowledge, has published no Birds of Europe, nor does he say anything of a large race of Wheatear in his Reyue (1844) or his Vogels van Nederland (1860).—L. 8. ‘Hist. Brit. Birds and Eggs, I, 1883, p. 303. *Tll. Man. Brit. Birds, 1889, p. 20. 476 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXUL Had the bird been named, no doubt there would have been a more eager controversy and we should sooner have had the necessary material and records to solve the question. Lately, however, the subject has received new impetus by the observation of Mr. Knud Andersen on the two races in the Fer Islands’ and those of Mr. Herluf Winge on the large race in Green- land.” Professor Collett’s detailed measurements of large series of the typical bird have also been very useful in this connection. Finally, the United States National Museum has of late years acquired a fairly good series of both forms, for the use of which and other help I wish to express my grateful acknowledgment to Mr. Robert Ridgway, the curator, and Dr. C. W. Richmond, the assistant curator. SAXICOLA GNANTHE LEUCORHOA (Gmelin). Diagnosis. —Larger than Saricola wnanthe, the length of wing varying between 100 and 108 millimeters; color similar, but the rufous tints more bright on the average. Habitat.—Breeding in Greenland and opposite portions of North America, as well as on Iceland, migrating regularly via the Fer Islands, Shetlands, Great Britain, and France, probably to western Africa, and straggling south to the northern United States and Bermudas. Remarks.—The accompanying diagram (p. 481) and tables clearly sustain the claims of this form to subspecific distinction. Add to these data those furnished by Mr. H. Winge, viz, 60 Danish birds with wings measuring from 91 to 99 mm. and 18 Greenland birds from 100 to 106 mim., and it will be seen that out of a total of 122 typical Sax/cola wnanthe only 5 have the wing 100 or LOL mm., while of 45 Saaxicola leucorhoa none measure less than 100 mm. In other words, only 4 per cent of the small race exceed 99 mm., while none of the larger are below 100. In the whole series of 165 birds, consequently, only 3 per cent of the specimens are intermediate. This is shown graphically in the dia- gram, which is based only upon the data specified below, as Mr. Winge has not given any detailed list of his specimens. The precentage of intergradation is therefore greater than it would have been could all the 165 specimens been tabulated. It will be seen that the average length of wing in typical Saxicola wnanthe is 94.5 mm. and of S. leucorhoa \O4 mm. It will be noticed that the list does not include a couple of measure- ments of female Wheatears from West Greenland recorded by Dr. -O. Finsch* as having the wings from 3 inches 64 lines to 3 inches 8 lines "Vid. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Copenh. 1898, p. 391. *Greenl. Fugle, 1898, p. 284. *Abh. Ver. Naturw. Bremen, V, 1877, p. 352. | | | | a — 3 = NO. 1220. ON NORTH AMERICAN WHEATEARS—STEJNEGER. 47 | (pied du Roi), but the reason why I have ventured to ignore them in the face of the above series of 45 birds is that Dr. Finsch himself says that the wing feathers of some of the specimens were very worn.! A look at the table of measurement also shows that the Alaskan specimens belong to the smaller, typical bird. We have, consequently, in America both forms, Saxicola wnanthe in Alaska and Sawicola leucorhoa in Greenland and adjacent parts of northeastern North America. As all the birds found in the latter part of the continent belong to the large race, it is settled beyond the shadow of a doubt that the Wheatears which breed in Alaska do not migrate by way of Green- land or Labrador, but that they retrace their steps into the Tchuktchi Peninsula and farther south into Asia, as indicated by me _ fifteen years ago. The Wheatear, the most widely distributed species of the genus Saxicola, thus extends its range across the entire palearctic continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. At both extremities of its home continent, however, it has expanded its range into the New World, and no one who follows on the map the route of the retreating winter migrants can fora moment be in doubt that these routes really represent the way by which the species originally invaded America. It would be difficult to find a more beautiful example to illustrate that now well-known law which was first formulated by Prof. Johan Axel Palmén, of Helsingfors. Moreover, no better example could be found for demonstrating the necessity of minute discrimination in ascertain- ing the characters by which these *‘ migration route races,” as Palmén calls them, are characterized. It seems that one more lesson can fairly be drawn from the differ- entiation of the Greenland race, viz, that the Greenland-Iceland-Eng- land route must be considerably older than the Alaska-Tchuktchi- Udski route, since it has resulted in the establishment of a separable race. A consideration of the further fact that no regular migration route could have been effected between Greenland, Iceland, and Great Britain during the present distribution of land and water in that part of the world also leads us back to a period when the stretches of ocean now separating those islands were more or less bridged over by land. For such a condition of affairs we shall have to look toward the begin- ning of the glacial period. At that time it must, therefore, be assumed that the Wheatear extended its range into Greenland. The advent of the typical form into Alaska, on the other hand, is probably one of very recent time, an assumption corroborated by the somewhat uncer- tain and erratic distribution of the species in that northwestern corner of our continent. 1 Namentlich sind die Spitzen und Aussensiiume der Schwingen und Schwanzfedern sehr abgenutzt.”’ 478 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. A few remarks regarding the name here employed for the large race may not be out of place. Gmelin’s Wotacillaleucorhoa was based upon a specimen from Senegal, described by Buffon’ and figured in the Planches Enluminées.* So far as the diagnosis goes* it fits our bird exactly, and all reasonable doubt is dispelled by the dimensions of a Senegal specimen in the Paris Museum, possibly the type itself, measured by Hartlaub * whe gives 105 mm. (3 inches 10% lines, pied du roi) as the length of the wing. It should be noted that Hartlaub also records the typical Saxicola ananthe from Senegal (specimen in the Leyden Museum, wing 95 mm., 34 inches, pied du Roi). Hartlaub, however, seems to regard the larger bird as a peculiar west African species and not asa large migratory race of the common species. The possibility of this view being correct is the only consideration which prevents us from posi- tively asserting that the large race which breeds in Greenland passes the winter in Senegal. Bechstein’s Votacilla ananthe major® refers probably only to large individuals of the common form. For the sake of convenience I append lists of the more noteworthy references to both forms. SAXICOLA GENANTHE (Linnezus). 1758. Motacilla enanthe Lixnxus, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., I, p. 186 (Europe); 12th ed., I, 1766, p. 332.—Saxicola enanthe Becusrein, Ornith. Taschenb., 1803, p. 217.— Harriaus, Syst. Ornith. Westafr., 1857, p. 64 (Senegal).—Da.u and Ban- NisTER, Trans. Chicago Acad., I, 1869, p. 276 (Nulato, Alaska).—TrisTRaM, Ibis, 1871, p. 231 (Alaska; Lapland ).—Co..ert, Nyt. Mag. Naturvid., XXIII, 1877, p. 103; XX VI, 1881, p. 269; XX XV, 1893, p. 13 (Norway ).—NELson, Cruise Corwin, 1881, 1883, p. 59 (St. Michaels, King Island, Alaska); Rep. Nat. Hist. Coll. Alaska, 1887, p. 221 (Alaska).—Bran, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., V, 1882, p. 146 (Cape Lisburne, Port Clarence, Clamisso Il., Alaska).— Sresoum Hist. Brit. B. Eggs, I, 1883, p. 301 (Great Britain).—SrTEJNEGER, Res. Ornith. Explor. Comm. Ils. Kamtsch., 1885, p. 349 (Tchuktchi Penins.; migration).—Murpocn, Rep. Intern. Polar Exp. Point Barrow, 1885, p. 104 (Point Barrow, Alaska).—BuneGr, Beitr. Kenntn. Russ. Reich. (3), I, 1885, p. ——.—Paumgén, Vega-exp. Vet. Iakt., V, 1887, p. 260 (Pitlekaj, Jinretlen, Tchuktchi Penins.).—Turner, Contr. Nat. Hist. Alaska, 1888, p. 196.—Saunpers, Ill. Man. Brit. B., 1889, p. 20 (Great Britain).—Bisnop, North Am. Fauna, No. 19, 1900, p. 96 (Circle; mouth of Aphoon, Yukon R., Alaska). 1839. Saxicola enanthoides Vicors, Zool. Blossom (p. 19), (northwest America). 1 Hist. Nat. Ois., quarto ed., V, 1788, p. 249. *Plate 583, fig. 2. *“TTn peu plus grand que le motteux de nos contrées, & ressemble tres-exactment a la femelle de cet oiseau, en se figurant néanmoins la teinte du dos un peu plus brune, & celle de la poitrine un peu plus rougeatre.”’ 4Syst. Ornith. Westafr., 1857, p. 64. *Naturg. Deutschl., TV, 1795, (p. 646.) NO. 1220. ON NORTH AMERICAN WHEATEARSSTEJNEGER. 479 SAXICOLA CGENANTHE LEUCORHOA (Gmelin). 1780. Motacilla enanthe Fasricius, Fauna Greenl., p. 122 (Greenland), (not of Linnzeus).—Monr, Isl. Naturhist., 1786, p. 52 (Iceland ).—Saxicola cwnanthe Faser, Prodr. Isl. Ornith., 1822, p. 18 (Iceland).—Ho.nokti, Naturhist. Tidsskr., IV, 1843 (p. 392), (Greenland).—Krurrer, Naumannia, 1857, pt. 2, p. 25 (Iceland).—Jongs, Nat. Bermuda, 1859 (p. 28), (Bermuda).— Cours, Proc. Phila. Acad., 1861, p. 218 (Labrador) .—Retnunarpr, Ibis, 1861, p. 5 (Greenland ).—New Ton, in Baring-Gould’s Iceland, 1863, p. 409.—Batrp, Rey. N. Am. Birds, 1864, p. 61 (Greenland, Canada).—Batrp, Brewer, and Ripeway, Hist. N. Am. Birds, I, 1874, p. 60.—Nerwron, Arct. Man., 1875, p. 98 (Greenland).—Finscu, Zweite Deutsche Nordpolarf., IT, 1874, p. 183 (Shannon J., East Greenland); Abhandl. Ver. Nat. Bremen, 1874, p- 104; 1877, p. 852 (West Greenland).—Frtipen, Ibis, 1877, p. 403 (Fort Foulke).—Kumuren, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 15, 1879, p. 73 (Cumberland Sound; Disco Isl., Greenland ).—Currron, Ibis, 1879, p. 256 (England).— Merriam, Auk, 1884, pp. 295, 378; 1885, pp. 113, 305 (Godbout, Quebec, Canada).—A en, Auk, 1886, p. 490 (Long Island, New York).—Graenpat, Ornis, 1886, pp. 357, 609 (Iceland).—FiscHer and PELzeLN, Mitth. Ornith. Ver. Wien, X, 1886, p. 195 (Jan Mayen I.); Zoologist, 1890, p. 8.—Konn, Auk, 1888, p. 76 (New Orleans, Louisiana, accid. ).—GrrELEY, Rep. Proceed. U. S. Exp. Lady Franklin Bay, IJ, 1888, p. 27 (Smith Sound).—HaceErvp, Auk, 1889, p. 297 (Ivigtut, Greenland).—Comrav, Auk, 1890, p. 294 (God- bout, Canada).—Srons, Proc. Phila. Acad., 1892, p. 152 (Disco, W. Green- land).—Durcuer, Auk, 1893, p. 277 (Long Island, New York ).—ANDERSEN, Vid. Med. Naturh. Foren. Copenhag., 1898, p. 391 (Fer Ils.).—Wunag, Greenlands Fugle, 1898, p. 284 (Greenland). 1788. Motacilla leucorhoa GmeE.tn, Syst. Nat., I, pt. 2, p. 966 (Senegal ).—(imanthe leucorhoa VieituoT, Nouv. Dict. d’ Hist. Nat., X XI, 1818, p. 428 (Senegal ).— Saxicola leucorhoa Hartiaus, Syst. Ornith. Westafr., 1857, p. 64 (Senegal). 1831. Saxicola leucothoa Lesson, Traité d’Orn., I, p. 413 (err.; based on Gmelin). 1854. Saxicola leucorrhoa Harriaus, Journ. f. Orn., 1854, p. 19 (based on Gmelin). 1854. Saxicola enanthoides Cassin, Illustr. Birds, Cal., Tex., ete., I, p. 208, pl. xxxiv (‘‘Nova Scotia,’’ corr. Labrador), (not of Vigors).—GarLLArp, Contr. Faune Ornith. Europ. Oce., Pt. xxix, 1891, p. 85 (Greenland, Labrador). 1889. ? Saxicola isabellina MrapE-Waxpo, Ibis, 1889, p. 515 (Canary Ils.; not of Ruppell). Measurements of wing of 62 specimens of Saxicola cenanthe. | = } ys eee ene When col- | From whom received or |S & OG, BEX. Locality. lected. by whom recorded. Bo. P S oa mn. 152814 | Malerses| Hel susan) eHow tit sicts certs « se eso Misi. 4-894) VAC MENVeS: =.) =<.c0 2 cece 95 116471 |....do...| Germab-Geok-tepé, Transcaspia. ...-- Mar. 6,1886 | Tiflis Nat. Hist. Mus ....- | 98 G99 71 ee = dO PROSLOCKAG EIN AN Yiece conse seen ee eal eee ne eee SabBurehard):. = s--eee ee 94 UID ESO). aa Keristiania, sNOLWay...---502.2.205-5-- Msiyaes OM1S84s | SRAColletteeeneesse. sa oee | 98 111123 | Female.| Lindesnzs, Norway ..........--.----- leAprie2 718863 leee GOS en aces once ees | 93 24061) | Male) =| North Germany, .<2-22.=.-.5----+:--.- Mie ye 20 eet |S ee ae en ee ee | 94 115619 | Female.| Florence, Italy ............-......-... Aug. —,1884 | H.H. Giglioli.........-.. 92 18957 | Male ...| France : HADTOUCtE Ree en ais-e ase 96 102881 |....do : Havre, France May BU IPI Chee sencco2.cee nese 92 1028820 te dOlee-| sce CO e Seo oc nace sites 5 oo oo ee PALE P22 NI 87S IE S55 Om el ee 95 102883;4 best GOlse eee oe Oe eee ae nee Sl ESD iS e4 1 Sion lea, < MOGs: cosse ee oe ates 100 102888 |....do. Lancing, Sussex, England HiSwaysland: © 2.2. <2<—- 94 HOZSOO THEM ale |p oeed Own eee ee eee ee Mary VAST RB 4e Es | Gis ee Sek nn ecto 90 102891 | Male ...|..... CO esee nee es es ee aly oe. 1884 (ee rio) ee alae eee 94 102892) | Saeco mee eeeee LO ee ee ee es | ADD — I SOS Whoo, CO ste ci ce cise 95 ana Ie een om eal weeds ade ie ee fe ae a) dl Max) D6. 1884 ||... Oya oes es eae 92 106352 | Female -....- do : BO4G he aae LO eee omen leaker 93 106350 | Male ...| Romney, England.................... Sepia aNISSS" | ae acee sa cnicckck oni sespiciectee | 96 105960) (eee doles Elasiamybinplandsssee eens os oe ee ce ory 1091878: le Ke Coale\cne sebet acess | 94 = -LdOsss|Devole Bneland 32.5. ecckiiecsee es cre ‘Apr, 1751876"|"Ree) Nicholiss2c.-- s2-.<- | 94 113824 480 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Measurements of wing of 62 specimens of Saxicola enanthe—Continued. wee oo ee ae When col- | From whom received or |S 3 Yay, Sex. | Locality. lected. | by whom recorded. 2S = | S | | | am: 113826 | Male....; Thurston Sands, England ......--..-- | May 1.28779) RK. B Nichols ==e- ceces.-- 98 eee nee do.. "| Nolsee, Peer Jslandse ss. 3: 20 be hes) Maye 291895 ni esse Pee 22 case 96 Ce ec Boise Ome aN ee See eee GO ssc ccaseee ee eed hoe ae Memiales | Gos te ess Pe A ee Sas a eee dO eee a Oe ee eel Bee 2 een Ome Re Oe a eee Seece os Ul yee 28 16968 Read O tees ee eee erat mos O8ineeine Male....| Drammen, Norway.....-...--.-------| Aug. 11,1878 | Collett, 1881, p.269 ...-.--| 97 pee gee. | Female |W. Aker, NOL WAY os. os peso tee eo (POCh, 227 IS iiirs eOre wees ae eel Oo eee 3 Males. 5. SC Ore oe cies ee ere ace eeiee i PLE Vero al ocval cone 18938, p. 14 ....--.-! 96 Foeee en fae GO.2e2) fe 2 dO. 28 ee a ee Se eee cn May 41 SS nS. dO) 53-2) ane = eee ee eee J BP Ree |occs do ...| Lindesnes, Norway .-...-------------| Apr. 2, 1886 ee dogs ire eee 95 a eee I do. 2! Homborgsund: Norway fic 220 222s nc}aoee OO seen =a) see COR once ancases =e ean j DAA: |:2iudon .=|\ Landesnses: Norway ic: -c: ookesoeee nell) Misiya Ge1 SGN ae dO mass eee eee OD ‘ eee | Female || W. Aker. (NOLWay co: s.ccness ccc coos. | OMY AIS 84s SOO ge tee ee eee Oe BE Sao ae do’...|: Lindesnees, (NOnWaVe se 2 socket cece so) Apis 27s 1esOnies= dO sen et eae eed E Pee | Male. Kristiania, Norway-..:-.....-.--.--.-| May 8,1871 | Collett, 1877,p.103)-...--.| 100 4 Peseosis Wie ah o. | Bodte, Norwaiys-cs-coce seamen oot nae SION isk Oude les res CLO peta ree aes a ee team 4 Seine |....d0...| Kristiania, Norway.....--..----------| May 7,1876 Wiao Clase dl 95 3 Soest ce te eee CLO facil a pel ae hee eee eee | MOOD ieee ale AO -+-+-GO ..-- 222-222-2222} 96 AT Blemaile 2/28 Hdous tes. eee ne ee IRS Nav gS eT S yd eee One ee eee eee Me EO Sy eae Rela ol dox.2| Gudbrandsdal Norway 222-2 e-0s00s|eMay28,1874 ps0 dome. spe eeeeee eens OD) : pap LAs 22-0 -- Kari shinny NOEWaly ose ee as eee neem May OUTS 76h = sem Cl Oley orn page een OS, | ae Le 2 AG acc ME OR 2 en eel eye a ead ag Ae TE eae el ae eas oe ee IO ; we eaces |) Males: =)! Senegal Africas =. 02.2. + scssse sede. |once mee ces sence |petanUlaelD, (Bory p bts es elle 81337 |... .do .--| Cape Lisburne, Alaska........----.--- Aug. 21,1880 | T. =, eS Se i eee 96 { SISS6 ase oe Wee GO es a ee oes Si Sen a en ee Con thea. | CLO oe een ee re aoe 101 : LO60G5, |Exos- os [ee Se QO) Sscsasis been ceases ee eee Aug. 21,1885 | H. i. dé Woolles--=-2 2. 95 4 106064) | Bek ce [igs Om eee oc eed eras Sc er kane ee eee | May —, 1885 |.2.-2 OR a bees a eee 93 {| 18855 |e eee | Chamisso Island, Alaska............-. Ate << 31. 1880) WP SE Beane se meee ae eos | $1338 | Male ...| Port Clarence Alaska --..-.---.--.---2 Sept. 6,1880 |....- Cree ee 100 | 4385") Memales| INilato-Alaskaa-ce eas eee eee Niaiy>:23: 1868) ||Wie Ea Dalle sa. oes 94 1 54487 | Male ...'....- GO sa 22 Yen ee ees tee eee epee GOsa anaes eee GO-s42 22 ss5s2 5 Soe 100 4 $874) /2 22-00%. .| Point) Barrow. alaskac = - 2-4 see eee aes May? 20 1882" | 2325-4... se- 98 i S740) |e oGOmes|ose42 GO = eae se aa ee eee Miaiy 719) 18820 |22=-- donee Fe lane gare 97 : 88741 | Female. ..... GO) os: cee eC AS As See See ee are Oe ie Bertone cee ee ae GO Sees ences 92 | ile 034 Peeneeee es St; Michael Algsksi2e! 8 eae ass ema boone Haw NelsOne =. -ee- Saas o% : S1302) | ened oor eeee GOe 2 a. oe BASE Ae Oe ate ee eee ara trees Ose Stennis ater 97 54409 | Male Nulato: Alaska o: cet. Sees Sees May —,1868:) WH Dalllego- 3222 22 3e8 99 smebieinre newine do Pulled, Tchuktchi Peninsula ........ Junel.......| Palmén pi 26 eee eee at cece Bera BLS ee 5 Oa rea ee eee a eee ODT ELIT U0) epee ay yee | Mtn eel LO esate feet ee ease eS eee sis Male ain View! Dehuktchi Beninsulays.2/2e) Mune Se 5-2. |e Ol ee eee aseite = 1 Wemiales|cos GO. co. ot yettee casei erate ce aenacies ce tn LEI O Ws crete ao] crea NOLO apes coe Sen ere ere ee Coe RO Bd yi Se GOs. be SOs cee eek oe SOR ee JD 2 eR Oe see ae | Measurements of wing of 28 specimens of Saxicola cenanthe leucorhoa = | 3 Bee eee Leads When col- From whom received or} 3 2 Aig, | ~ Sex. Locality. | lected. by whom recorded. | 2 | mm Baetetee |= cisec etc | Senegal Atri caiaaa.ce teen a seeeeeeee oop aeeeee saaacee | metam bla UID hee (ape ose 105 161909 | Male....| Hurbert Island ............0.2......2. ATO 1897. Tees Rieoinse seen | 104 TGLOTON | 2 racine olsen CO's ewes ces Ho onk Sates mene eee Ome sealants GOs. Aateesenace aces 100 GIST) SHemale 4) MB ard CUeB esc. ss5 Serene ap aoe Aug. 26,1897 |...-- GOg 555-6 -soeeee eee 103 { 161912 | Male....|...-.- OMS tee ae = REE Oe ie te Ae ead (OKOeeae cee | Leste OOesA ee aaa eae 105 | 135063) 1222 SAO) se 5|0 Aum Atm tyr evil @ Yas y ne eee ener | cere sce en ASB Covent. -s--2eees 103 | 18075) |cs=geeeee Grosvater Bay, Laneraoe =e Paee See Aug} 24.1860). Shs Gouess ve = ee see 104 2a24Gi |S eo ses see Quebec, Canada BS eee ed SO hee |ereleteie nies lalate oi Wi Coupersens--eaaeeee | 104 20551 || SSS a ae Godthaab, West Greenland:..........|..........-.--- Williams’ College Ly- 104 | _ ceum. 76083 | Male....| Disco Island, West Greenland ........ Aug. LOR: 2 = Ep aM TEN ys esse a ee , 100 Hp lbdd sees Jakobshavn, West Greenland ........|.............-- P. H. S6rensen ..... ~. - | 105 66496,.| Female :|| Teelantl si % sie FR eee eee eee eeeee W. Schlueter .......... | 101 Phetasein/acal| s eieleyate arate ioeiee GO 22s ee no Se ees |e ie Ee ae | MALI od BOS pero oeas ats eel ace eee | Male....| Disco, West Greenland ................| Aug. 11......| Stone, 1892, p. 152 --.-.-| 106 eee | Female .| Shannon Island, East Greenland.....| May 13,1870 | Finsch, 1874, p.184-....| 104 eee saa. Reels AG ik ee Soe Sees es Fon eee PIU SB tS TO} [en oO een eee eee ae RSE suze. wigs | tr do 22 hh wee ie cae a Se nT Rk ee eRe Roccn cis Male....| Lichtfels, West Greenland............| Aug. 28. | Finsch, 1874, p.104.....! 104 Be se | Scns seins | Saree AD i.0- {see Se eee SOR July ace Deere OO e eee n eee eae ees aN aeaialaniete aise Greenland): 224555 1- ae ee eee ee fo sete Aart aol Finsch, 1877, p. 352 ....-! 105 Sree Male....| Nols. Feer Islands ...................] May —, 18965 | Andersen, 1898, p. 392 - | 102 Sacco Peeeeee non sosee OG |. Sjodeceosoae- eee ee ae nee DUM Ug P1895 | vedic eee eee eel eee eee IMG G oa al stars AO) cctaier nels antes aoe ee ee eee PED ues 1895, | ~~. 00. -.2-22: 102.5 Be See estes OOre esos 2 O@ic 22 sce eens oe Noe Sere emcee] LUN ce N SO hialicyerse sO Steers tapsese oe te ital! 102886 |....do...| Lancing, Sussex, Englamd............ May 2,1884 | H. Swaysland ........- 107 O28S 7s | eas COs eoeee GOs ice oe wae tee eee ee eeeeee eee dO eee Gomes sakeeee 102 “ 102885 | Female.) Surrey, England................-----: May 18,1874 |....- GORE, sce Riesents 103 , 1887 | IRs BaNicholiss i. 70-2 | 103 113825 |....do....| Kingsbridge, Englands... .........--.- ;Qet. s1o3 481 STEINEGER. ARS— a od ON NORTH AMERICAN WHEATE NO. 1220. Sda4aUii//IPy 80L ‘adomy U19}S9M PUB ‘ PUR[UdEIH ‘ROLIOULY W1djsReYIAOU WOT] NOY.LOINA) aYJUDUD NJOIIWHY JO sudTATOAdS IYSTO-AJUIAT, ‘BYSBLVY PUB ‘BIS Usojsvoyyaou ‘adoing ULody ayjunun Djonepy [RotdAy JO Suduttoads 9UO-ATXIS “SNGWIOddS JO HAENWON TYLOL dO AOVLINGOUAd NI GUSsaudxXd ONIM AO HLONGT 31 » XXIII Proc. N. M. vol LIST OF FISHES COLLECTED IN THE RIVER PEI-HO, AT TIEN-TSIN, CHINA, BY NOAH FIELDS DRAKE, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF SEVEN NEW SPECIES. By James Francis ABBOTT. The fishes comprising the collection described in the following paper were obtained from the Pei-Ho River in 1898 by Dr. Noah Fields Drake, professor of geology in the Imperial University of Tien-Tsin, China, and by him presented to the zoological museum of the Leland Stanford Junior University. Specimens of the new species described in this paper have been deposited in the U.S. National Museum. The writer is indebted to the courtesy of President David Starr Jordan and Prof. Charles Henry Gilbert, of Stanford University, for the privilege of working over the collection. He is also indebted to Mr. Kinichiro Mayeda for material assistance. The following species are described as new: 1. Toxabramis argentifer. 5. Parapelecus macherius. 2. Culticula emmelas. 6. Culter tientsinensis. 3. Pseudogobio drake. 7. Salanx hyalocranius. 4. Leuciscus sciistius. FAMILY SILURIDZ. PARASILURUS ASOTUS (Linnzus). Four specimens, length: 270, 280, 255, and 110 mm. The band of vomerine teeth continuous in the larger specimens, interrupted in the smaller one. PSEUDOBAGRUS VACHELLII (Richardson). Seventeen young specimens, average 1. 85 mm. Maxillary barbel does not reach end of head. Occipital process very narrow. PROCEEDINGS U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. XXIII—No. 1221. 483 484 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XX1I. FAMILY CYPRINIDA. CARASSIUS AURATUS (Linnzus). Eighteen specimens, |. 80 mm. to 160 mm. D. ILI, 16-17. A. TI, 5-6. Head, 32; depth, 22. CYPRINUS CARPIO (Linnzus). Six specimens, |. 70 mm. to 145 mm. ACHEILOGNATHUS IMBERBIS Gunther. Sixteen specimens, average 1.82mm. D.II,13. 32S so. so ssc se 525 MUON OR Meee toc ae wae coe ec ame oss TRURULG PEA ARECTW. Se ht be ro wlactt hy days tin ee! SS esc ees MA GUAINE WICHATOSOU sos soc code se ce eso ccue ss CONCHATUTIN SUMIPSON \iwsos ats ose eee he Sas eee ees x UINPT SSO NATL Ol eeserrssaete ere ew ae cle eee te ste es borealisMhill|cborgs=sste sae eee een. cs eee eeeen eee = OPAC USM aN seni aee eee eee eae eee ee oes eset nolias (Stimpson )laseseesess soe loses easese ce et Seee OUUFUNCELA> NEW: SPCClON Aare A aoawcc se esse ssaee ose = parva Hansen -.--.---- ae feta ee ree ea re Ses eee Goidd,; NEW BPCClesac sais tenis = Sole assist asso ees. ses Die CuLMaraccd” (MONT) aces Sate Bote ne eS oe sess 18. Eurydice OUEST ULUICR Cm bel C0) SC Ta ere ese aaa a onto eS SO CONUCTGARICH ATG SOMe eee ae ae net ee aa ea LOSABOLLINOMUS Paar ote se ey Nea ten eine Soe eee ae 405 giganteus» Malne-Kdiwardsi_ = 2222225... .-s-2-55- 222. HamnilyeVelenCoralllanmid eens rte one Sone eee ta ese ois asco ce De GORCULGN Creel meres eet eta alee ine ete cis aiSiacs wisisins ocie 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. URI CORISy EVANS Te epee ee eye ete Sere tee ee Boke eess SPULICOTUS. NEW SHECIOS == see ese st ose s cece oem ss sin CUAURLCOTANSPELANSCM a 32 na ae eee Nee eas oce eee SUDTUISALTANSEMI ae aa ho eae san ae Sacto cele Gniillensistiianseniya sista seiee acne oe seats ie cie siaie = WiSSiCOUOC PELANSeNe et eae Heine Wyeth ess) een re oe Goulatapblamsenme rr Seno ojos ete cet sssee es WONG Uae an SCN Gare yaaa coe ate ee Sara Te/shre] he AVG) BU (crag) 90h0 eae ae 21. Alcirona AOS COST MELATISC Ie nen Ce re ee ee oa ee ee Family VIII. Agide Do ee O Cae eee osOpan MatnnePus) tse ee eo ects cab. See ees 2 antillensis Schicedte and Meinert .....1........----- CCOPNULIMR Chard SOn sae sae See eee aes GRERULATAMS Ut Kens he eee eee se oe ena eee ADE DO Uti (Cut CPA) Seno sie See as ee ne Re PS tenuipes Schicedte and Meinert ---....-.------------ dentata Schicedte and Meinert......-...------------ ancisa; Schicedte andeMlemenrt=e= ss -5-c5255-s225-26- AT Chica: it ke ls mee ees eee ee eee ee se Se POTN OSG MLS DALE eeie Soe ee enie es cs oe mine ae Seco GhACWINES LIanScine= see sass semaanesiacice Sc cis Soe Be 32 cae ete ee eens 524 OSs-infelia blare Ghd 5 SB eas 3 sae ee oes eee eee 524 Family Lx" Cymothordses2.)5 22 se se ina e e eee ie eete 525 295 Algae, <2 225 a= seek Sed de eae - ee i= ee 525 69. Jinguifrons, New SpR@l@gh.< 23262 aoe: 2-8 S23 se 526 (OS WoliouneomMclanc ene erereyers sca ea roe eee eee 526 (eemnediansinichard Sone aeeee essere ee eee eee ee 527 26; < NerOCuays © 62 ees a ee ee Oe ie ec ae 2 Seen een 527 72. acumimata Schicedte and: Miemert...=-2---.----2---2 527 toy undo slareer: 29 Sasa eee ee eee eee 528 27s ANlOCnG Loe a PE ee re ee ee ee ee ree 528 74. laticauda Milne-Edwards ----- eet Seg ee REL eh 528 | 75. plebeia Schicedte and Meinert .........-=-.--------- 528 | 28) (Olen cir cae 2s OE a. A EE a eee ee eee 528 16. pregusiator (Lateoke)iot hese es ere 528 29. CORGEOTND Le aie he AS oo et geo ee ae ey oO Le) Le HAREGTIS: D aap eet ee ete ee ee eee 529 BOs Mier er bia ee ae ene ge ed ce 529 (Sunt rOMsver sagan Chard cones ses es Se eee ee eee eee eee 529 Sl. CyMothoG) a s2. So. Ak Je see ea eae ees eee Se eee eee 530 (95 lanceolata Sane sep soe eases ene ce kee ae er oe ee 530 SOL encisarRerby naa Ree eee meee eee 530 Sl vestnum {aun 2us)) 2 essere eae ee eae 530 32y AGGINR As fe ecko eae See See eee ene eae eee eee 531 82. carinata Schicedte and Meinert......-..-...-..------ 521 83. TAVONeCG: Nt ee ae ee ee eee eee er eee 531 83 "red mannii Medes Aas noe eee ee eee eee 531 84. ovalis:(Say))2. 25k se ee ck es aes eae 531 BAS TONG t= cries RE a ete on ae renee ae el d31 85. nana Schicedte and Meimert............------------ d3l Family X., Limmoriidee 2... 45-25545 4-25-65 SSE Eee ee eee 532 85. Lam GRU 8 oo pe ee a eee eee eee 5382 86; lignorum.(Rathke)\os S25 0 eta ge oo ieee 532 Family X1.. Spheeromdke- 2 "2-335 62S 5 psa ee eee 532 86. -Cassiding aso 8 Jae yo eee ee a ee ee eee 533 Si. ‘hunifrons Richardson 335642622) 25-2 ae ee eee 533 37. SpNRT OMG 6.532 Sb sae eo re ee 533 88). quadridentaiiuny Bane <5 3 Nae oa ee Jae eee aeeenee 533 89.” destructon Richard sony: u52544-24 42 sooo eee oe cere 554 90. yucatanum, DEW BPeCles. «=. ---5-{42--.-5-s5cnuns 534 38... Dynamendis5 42 ee eee 5384 91... benmaucdensiss(GLves) pa en ae Se ee eee 534 92, -anguidta, Tew Speeless =) SoA soca sar oe eee 534 39). CURCRO Soe ee eee 5385 03. (COTUIGiG, WiC hardsO nee seen ene eee ese ee eee aces 535 oe No, 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 497 II. FLABELLIFERA or CymMoTHOIDEA—Continued. Page. Family XI. Sphzeromidse—Continued. 39. Cilicea—Continued. OSE COR CLOLLOM SEVo Meme ee et ne ee oe bal oo ok ceatew 536 Da INOMICONAA MEW NPCCIOSs..a- 5-58-2262 seena sos we 536 4 ORIN PSC gePane on ea ie oe es kee Te ees ood 537 OG SRICMNCH ay sree eee eI Oe os Ses alee 537 SiR ODELSD SO Var ee ea rie a ee = ie eee 12 ots a ons Siete 537 Wee AMIE OF L DOEROUDMAM ene shew S Gl Bie. eho seme 537 Hamiuliy eNein Gd oOtereeernte re ee pe Ae acinaee os Eas Soke Stee on 537 be eh OOOOUA Che Sno eI S RS ASS SI AR Tea ee ee 538 OSSRSUUL I WRT OVET) eaten e Mes SOP meen oe eins seek 538 SOMCOCOM IS aiy)) Eee ye nearer eee ew, Ey. ee 539 OO Rea] tS75 (SEIT SOM)) eee ee yee eee eee eyed eee 539 AZ Se COLCOR EA A eee ee RE sis Ore a ane Le See ees eed See 539 On Smarinds) (Mimics) erg a So ee) anes ee 5oe 3 3 o58 540 OZ DhOSDLORCCMELATE Ch eee pee ae ee eee eee 541 OSS CLALCC ORB OS Ceara e eran ee eee ee ene 541 ESSA STRTEL CLO LEO: ta ater ie ey tea pale pene OR RSE OM AE hoy Savin MS RN 541 lO enodslosan Ukravien) teen ceeee mee ae eee a oi 541 LO Sserannonaton teackand) = aes sep as a eae ae see cee oe 542 OGREGT cus pi dae (Owens) meeet eee nee ee ere eee eee 542 44S EIPCNSONelO, Mew NAM Cle ee tas oa eae ee See ees 542 ll Oemattentiatoe GQElaT oer eee ee eee ee See eos ane sae 543 HOBreiponmisy (Day eta 2 een Pe ee ives 2 Sen SS 543 109. floridana Benedict, new species _...--.--.---.----- 543 AL Sy OLCCLTLLLS Sparen eee Oe end Haney pgs tae PCAN A Ae) ee SS 544 HOR plomicaudasbenedieter= =. sa. Soce che oes ce cites 544 LG SRE ENGL OLE Creare sete pte OME ee od ahs ey Ryd et eS coo Wi 544 Mlle Genie ehichardson,. a4 see ese ee ee 544 DZ AUrtOUG (Saya) ecm ee Se bo ee eee tae eta ee 545 SS MNORLOSa (SUM PEON) sete soe toh. ce eee 545 Berimilyeenelies Ane hMrI ec ee ee een era ure See Oe Pee Se ee 545 ATE AN CLOLTULS ape ee ee Rene ae nah ye A ae eas UE Se ys Se 546 AAS DUnDUnCHaMCOMUNG sme APS ote = oro 5ec.c225 cee 546 MiSiecaribovis. New BPECles:\s0. 2 s+ s-. 22s onctcen ss ea 546 IGS lommanus Mchardsone 229-28. 2- 5... 2 S2ec2 oe. 548 lleebafinin(Sabine)eeeweran ee asec ee see oe eo ee 549 HSER eHOCR imei seem mene oe See eS Geek aes 549 ASMA SEA CULG ae aren Ra ope eat) SOM Narayan Bola ee SERS eee 2d ee 549 HS, 2oramulata (GAO scare) isons = sees acess oe ceca oeseees 550 : i 20necxrcosbenedictissseateat cea cae sales ee eters 550 I SPR SMPODATOTLA SHEEOMD RAR Soo fare noete ee se sek cee les os ahs. 590 Bical XSI ar AtSe Inc 50 Aa ore cee aes See Ee Le 551 AO eM AN COSCLIUS Na a4 SAAS or Mo ee eo ee ese < eens ea Ae dol lee OR CCH UTS Lane Cree ayes at oe ee ae er 551 LO RUUILEOLUS (Says) ashe see eee ee aaa ee ee Se dol eA SC LIL Piper see tet ant Voy tye aan ee eT Spree = dol TZ3COMMUNISISAY peo eee een ae eeiee ico sae ae dol AP attenuatis hichardsonwassse scree ese ee ae. ss --- 552 Ol CLCid Oca 5a = 4k htt eee Pe eee PS Se BS oc SSS SSS 593 ion siymiarPackatdues sa se see ee ose le Ske Scie so 553 Bernal yoeXeN eae) aI lee weet yen een eR Srey chs 2 AROMA SME ce 8 553 Ded OTC a en N11 ian coe eo mah Se ES a ee Pa Ste Solis mice c do4 Iban CEnoR ChalbriGiins) pean mene seems eo eae seem oe 504 B2 Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii 498 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. IV. AsEvLora or AsELLOIDEA—Continued. Page. Family XV. Janiridzee—Continued. 585 WOntheswec cess s 3k sco = See ee eee 554 127. soinosa. (Harger): <-2-s2s 0 see seoe eee eee oe 595 128. speciosa Bovallius se.” 22t=, 422 home oan ee ane 555 Ban JONI. S- ase e ees oe are atc De ee ee 555 129. maculosa Wbeach:.. 5222 esse Se See eee eee 555 130. ‘triconmis (Kroyer)... =a 625 eo se ee eens 595 131. alia (Stimpson)... 22 22222. 5h2 eo oe aes eee 556 Family X Vi. Mammide 2 2 enon a ee = er ee 556 5D. MMRINNG Sse SoBe ne eatin Wee ae cae See eee ee eee 556 V2 FOOTAGE Y Ole ae mea oe re ee 556 133. krayert Goodsir 2222-2 ene sa ne ae eet aon oa 556 Family XOVLL, Munnopsidie ooo. seen eee eee eae 597 5b. Manno pits. 2 en a a eee ae ee es 557 134. typica IM Sars .: 0220s ee eee cee nae a= See 557 Did DRI COVN?E ceacaboocous se cccHonecbecace cease npesseesesesace 558 135: comuita G. Ov Sara ac. see se eee nae ee 598 136. caribbea Benedict, new species .-.----------------- 558 WSs) TUSSI a ce a 560 137. hirhiegps Ge On. Sare’ 2263 see sere ae aoe 560 Wg ONSTAR 560 Family X VOU. Tylidess. 2 222. nea ee ee 561 59.) Dylos sc. a cosete ks oe Reenter ae eee 561 138. niveus Budde-Lund. 2 2222255 estes eee eeceee 561 amily, XOLXS Oniiseidiees 75a to ee ee 561 GORIONISCU SI ee te eee eee ee ee ee eee eee ee 562 139) asellussluinnseus S22 = See see sa ae eee ee ern 562 TAOS Oise Se ee eee eee ee ea 563 Gi. (Synuroyus: Mew Cents ete a2 aoe ne seen ae ee eee 563 141. .oranwlatus, MCW. SpCelesa- = sees oe Seta ae 563 GOP ULOSCUI, se ee eer ee a ar eee 564 143. ‘richmond1, New specles 2 525542060 -- eee eee 564 TAS. ttlabn Say noe ts ci ee oe ee ee 565 144. nigricans Budde-lund). eas oe oe ae 565 145. brevicorms Budde-Lund..... 22 22--22 25-252 22=5 see 565 TAG. SUiNOSe Days aoe ee a a ee ee ae eee 565 G68; (Oylisticus =) <= aoe ne Saas 565 147- converus (De:Geer). 92 525655562 5-2 nano 565 64. Porcelli0. cose acion ore eee ee ee ee eae eee eta 566 1485s uatreilleta ass 2se eee oe eee ae ae eee 566 1:49: “‘rathke Branditize ae eee oe ae Nace eee 2 eee eee 567 150s ‘spinicornis Bay 2222. Sees oe eee eta 567° 15i “scaber natreille ss. === ese eee oes ae een 568 65... Meioponorthiuss <= 52 2 one ee oe re 568 152: privnosus: (Brandt) Se 2st oe ee ee 569 153; cungatrs Brad de-lqum dear 6 re oe eee 569 66: Rhyscotuss se. os Pose 8 ee ee eee ee eee 569 154. turgifrons (Budde-Lun@) 25222. 2222. ese 569 67. Acanthoniscus 232 setae eo ee ee eee 569 155. sminiger. Whites 22 55223 aa os ee oe 569 Family XX: Ammadillididse 2.32 55 see oe ese ee 569 68. Oub@ris 2.2 ee dene oe eee re 570 156. tenwipunctatus’ (Dollias) 22-22 eee ee 571 NO. 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHA RDSON. V. Oniscoripra—Continued. Family XX. Armadillididee—Continued. ; 68. Cubaris—Continued. ren ecssiida CO OMENS) eee ae cece cit wis oe ee ses eeeees ip Sern col WOUMIA) mise case ae oie as dee owiccion NS ORS LOC on COOUMIS) emcees e seers seem sae eae MGOREPEr Lara: OM ONTUS) ee one soe ic aie wiaiewial- nism S35 GHEE UUGUUS Ten Clb eer ee states = hte ee ana nian G2 eaGHueriis | CO UINUS) arian eels = =item wiwls sce cie nares ee NGG SOLO US NMINCT ESS on steletoe sia acto wince wa si minjensnee ac Sen's iia cig Zeon DOMMES) tSaeecsiseentse seein nee ase ie an l65saumorund: (Dolitus) heeeeeeee reese ese necseas se 166; grenadensis (Budde-Wand) _-_....-..---:.2---.-< NG ee pene (SOO Gen = soe teen ee eee hee ate COR ESCUGUNINGAILO® sane anaemic ae Selec es a Sx eens we sient Sale ee GSR COMIN ULOtS SAUSSURC sere seit) eee este sin =e OMe MCSO NOC ULOMe seme nc eet eee ee sare alte te ra aieian= Saari ee GOS modestussD ollilispee = sect meee a -eeere = een ee eae OM ament conus mW OTIS saeeetse se cee oe: einai See ‘fil eneflextseD Oliis see eee ae sinciesoait= nee ae ee UBER SIO ECROTUSCUS re eerie ericta asia flape See =e merece ee ee eileen NAZIS PONLOTLCENSIS) NE WeSPCCleS S22 -\- G2 aes a2n- Soa. ces ee ME MET GOLANINGCULO Wea = eee eae oo seis area ceraieieinee = Sissies igtamonocelanisnD Olinlstes seem eee mean ace eee e sae = OMA ILO CULT eee nape reese es sacle See ae eases eu gare AUALECULG) Lanham Sscots Seco Scene < Sse cP aaa ya NO NGM ean lel TIE arcmin oe ars ae Se Scere es owe iain oe oe eee EMAC a a ere op ee ots ee Ss pets aes a Som eee AO ROCeUIICH (IGMILI SOUR) oes hae any oie tS aicla Scie ear miele ii6s batdiniana Miulme-Wdwards? 222. ---22 22-52-3225 {IRC OLLCCOMNO UKs a me ea erie Se ee Se yareteiee eS e eose LPS MONT Sie LANGGn state sone nen a eee swoon nea Barony Non Erich Omseldde ts 2 sock a2 aati cteale ssc cscs Sscccms AD LILUCHONIUSCULS tae ea eee eae ao Sena aie Mea ae 2 ol am eet VON PRISHINS BANC bias ccs mls pase cs sane snot eden OMPACLONISCUSPr sete see einem eee oe see a ae ie a Sebe SoS ie sieees SOS climriCus LATO OR 25 o'srae niacin 1s oe = eS aloe meee sie Thee GUNG ELGEI Une ere ee tee anaemia oe esiak ala hee aie a aie SIM eniCOLS ANG see tee ne ee ee Ve ee eee ee MISE PrC ARID RAC OL BORMROMD HAG ss lasers sa) ee nn eee = sis aye seins oie See eos Hannailvexe xc DOD VeCde,. soe sta eso nie ele ccc cae ee easeaeces OSE TLISUEOLUS OPN ee patent aes Se ers ai ees areal ae cere ree oe 132 ancominans (Kergyer)". 2.2. =o ea saaee see (Que BODYTUSE ca eee = eis Seis eee es Se ies weiss aoe eee 1Sse patemoncuco Packarde: «23-2 asten,-bee a5 2 oso Sa S4enavoeeRichardsome = seco se ee aaa seins ) t 33 514 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. 33. CIROLANA POLITA (Stimpson). ALga polita Stimpson, Mar. Iny. Grand Manan, 1853, p. 41.—LiitKen, Vidensk. Meddel., 1859, p. 77, 1860.—VeERRILL, Am. Jour. Sci., V, 1873, p. 16. Conilera polita Harcer,in Smith and Harger, Trans. Conn. Acad., III, 1874, pp. 3, 22.—VeERRILL, Am. Jour. Sci., VI, 1874, p. 411. Cirolana polita Harcer, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1879, II, p. 161; Report U.S. Com- missioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 381, 382. Habitat.—Bay of Fundy; Cape Cod Bay; Salem, Massachusetts; Georges Bank; east of Banquereau. Depth.—17 to 190 fathoms. 34. CIROLANA OBTRUNCATA, new species. Head transversely oval. Eyes small, lateral. First pair of antenne short, reaching a little beyond the posterior margin of the head; flagellum twelve jointed. Second pair of antenne reach the middle of the third thoracic segment; flagellum, twenty-one jointed. Thoracic segments subequal; first one some- what longer than others. Epimera of second, third, and fourth segments posteriorly rounded; of fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth segments pointed posteriorly. a ge Sei" 6 TG ee First abdominal segment partly covered by last ne auoracre secments thoracic segment, following four segments sub- Seo opteus- equal; terminal segment with its posterior margin truncate and minutely crenulate. Uropoda not longer than posterior margin of terminal segment; inner branch longer and broader than outer branch, and crenulate. Both branches rounded posteriorly. Color, brown. Single specimen from Kingston, Jamaica; taken from surface. Type.—Cat. No. 23901, U.S.N.M. 35. CIROLANA PARVA Hansen. Cirolana parva HANSEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 340, 341, pl. u, fig. 6-6b; pl. 1m, fig. 1-Id. Habitat.—Key West, Florida; Gulf of Mexico; St. Thomas, West Indies: St. Croix, West Indies; between the delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida. Depth.—2% to 27 fathoms. 36. CIROLANA ALBIDA, new species. Body narrow, elongate, three and two-thirds times longer than broad. Head transverse, eyes large, black. First pair of antenne a —_—— the teeth. The uropoda reach the end of the terminal No. 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 51d extend to the end of the peduncle of the second pair; flagellum nine jointed. Second pair of antenne extend to the pos- terior margin of the third thoracic segment; flagellum, cae twenty-three jointed. f First thoracic segment but little longer than those | following, which are subequal in length. First abdominal segment entirely covered by seventh thoracic segment. Terminal segment triangulate with rounded extremity, its posterior margin denticulate and bearing eight spines, the spines alternating with segment; the inner branch is obliquely truncate pos- teriorly, and armed with spines; the outer branch is shorter and more slender than the inner branch, is pointed at its extremity, and armed posteriorly and on its external margin with spines. Color white, with scattered black spots. Several specimens were taken by Mr. E. L. Morris at Sugarloaf Key, Florida. Type.—Cat. No. 23902, U.S.N.M. 17; GONILERA Leach. Fic. 7.—CIROLANA ALBIDA. 37. CONILERA CYLINDRACEA (Montagu). Oniscus cylindraceus Montaau, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., VII, 1803, p. 71, pl. v1, fig. 8. Conilera montagui Leacn, Diction. d. Scienc. Natur., XII, p. 348.—DEsMAREs?, Consid. Crust., p. 304.—Mitne-Epwarps, Hist. Nat. d. Crust., III, p. 242. Conilera cylindracea Batre and Westwoop, Brit. Sess.-Eyed Crust., I, p. 304.— Hansen, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 358-361, pl. rv, figs. 5-5e; pl. v, figs. 1-1d, 1890. Habitat.—Oft South Carolina; between the Delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida; also Gulf of Naples; coast of England; coast of France. Depth.—111 to 159 fathoms. Se EU ReYe Ome re leach. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF EURYDICE. a. Terminal segment of body with the posterior margin widely emarginate in the middle, the post-lateral angles obliquely truncate, and each ornamented with two robust spines, the inner one much longer than the outer one. Base of segment with a deep transverse impression in the median line, and a deep late- ral impression on either side -....-..-------- 38. Eurydice spinigera Hansen. a’, Terminal segment rounded posteriorly with post-lateral triangular teeth, between which, a space intervening, the posterior margin is denticulate, a spine alter- nating with each tooth. Base of segment without any transverse depressions, Ev chilly COMVC Katey ye ese Cee isicie seis we 39. HEurydice convexa Richardson. 516 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. 38. EURYDICE SPINIGERA Hansen. Eurydice spinigera HANsEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 367-369, pl. v, figs. 4-4¢; pl. vi, figs. 1-1e. Habitat.—W est Indies. 39. EURYDICE CONVEXA Richardson. Eurydice conveca RicHarpson, Am. Nat., XXXIV, p. 217, 1900. Head transverse; anterior margin rounded. Eyes quadrangular. First pair of antenne short, reaching the middle of the last peduncular joint of the second pair of antenne, or the posterior margin of the head; flagellum four jointed. Second pair of antenne long, reaching the anterior margin of the terminal abdominal segment in the female; flagellum eighteen jointed. In the male the second pair of antenne are equal to the entire length of body, reaching the tip of the terminal segment. Thoracic segments subequal in length. Abdomen in female shorter than thorax and head together; abdomen in male about equal to thorax and head. First five segments equal in length. Terminal Fic. 8—TermnaLagpom- Segment rounded posteriorly, with post-lateral hee ee Eury- triangular teeth, between which, a space interven- ing, the posterior margin is denticulate, a spine alternating with each tooth. The uropoda are short, not reaching the extremity of terminal segment. Both branches are truncate and crenulate on their exterior margins and fringed with long hairs. Color, light brown, with odd-shaped markings of black. A number of specimens were taken by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross at Cape San Blas, Florida. Type.—Cat. No. 10049, U.S.N.M. 19. BATH YNOMUS Milne-Edwards. 40. BATHYNOMUS GIGANTEUS Milne-Edwards. Bathynomus giganteus Milne-Edwards, Ann. N. H. (5) III, 1879, pp. 241-243. Habitat.—West Indies. Depth.—955 fathoms. ee es eee Pie 8 ————. ==. NO. 1222, ISOPODS OF THE ATL A NTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 517 Family VI. CORALLANIDZ. 20. CORALLANA Dana. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF CORALLANA.! a. Eyes moderate or large, some distance apart in the middle at the upper end. 6. Left mandible, seen in position, with the apical part profoundly trifid. Clypeus and labrum very conspicuous. c. Basal article of the first pair of antennee narrow, without spine. Head of male ornamented with three horn-like tubercles. First segment of body not ‘ornamented with tubercules -...-...----- 41. Corallana tricornis Hansen. c’. Basal joint of the first pair of antennze dilated, ornamented with spine at inner exposed angle. Head of male ornamented with four horn-like tubercles. First segment of body ornamented with two tubercles. 42. Corallana sexticornis, new species. b’. Left mandible, seen in position, with the apical part obscurely trifid, or form- ing a single apex. Labium and clypeus partly or very often entirely covered by the mandibles. c. Basal joint of the peduncle of the antennulze moderately narrow, seen from below not prominent above the basal joints of the antennze. Last seg- ment of the abdomen not ornamented with basal tubercles near the MiG Gi eMlIN ewe eres ene ale sees een ers 43. Corallana quadricornis Hansen. c. Basal joint of the peduncle of the antennuleze very much dilated, seen from below so prominent that the basal joints of the antenne are placed in a transverse cleft moderately deep between the antennulze and the mandi- bles. Last segment of the body ornamented with two large basal tuber- cles situated near the median line. d. Fourth and fifth segments of the abdomen a little impressed in the dorsal median line, not ornamented with carinze or tubercles. Last segment of the abdomen with two spines at the apex... 44. Corallana subtilis Hansen. d’. Fourth and fifth segments of the abdomen with a deep longitudinal exca- vation in the dorsal median line, ornamented with many carinz and tubercles. Last segment of the abdomen with four spines at the apex. 45. Corallana antillensis Hansen. a’. Eyes very large, contiguous in the middle of the head. b’. Last segment of the abdomen rather short, widely rounded posteriorly and with a median excavation deep and moderately wide. 46. Corallana fissicauda Hansen. b’. Last segment of the abdomen rather long, narrowly rounded posteriorly, with no excavation. c. Fourth and fifth segments of the abdomen deeply excavate longitudinally in the dorsal median line and ornamented with carinee. Last segment of the body with an incision in the middle of the side, and ornamented on the dorsal surface with two densely setose areas and with two large basal tubercles situated near the median line--.. 47. Corallana oculata Hansen. c’. Fourth and fifth segments of the body very little impressed in the dorsal median line, ornamented with no carinse. Last segment of the abdomen entire at the sides, ornamented on the dorsal surface everywhere with very short hairs remotely scattered .....-.-.-- 48. Corallana warmingii Hansen. !'This key, with the exception of the new species which is inserted, is taken entirely from Hansen. Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., 6th ser., natur. og math., Afd. V, 1890, pp. 378, 379. 518 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. 41. CORALLANA TRICORNIS Hansen. Corallana tricornis HANSEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 379-381, pl. vi, figs. 4-4p; pl. vu, figs. 1-1d. Habitat.—Cape Catoche, Yucatan; between Tampa Bay and Dry Tortugas, Florida ; between Delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida ; St. Thomas, West Indies; St. Croix, West Indies ; Jamaica; British Honduras. Depth.—24 to 27 fathoms. 5 42. CORALLANA SEXTICORNIS, new species. Head in the male ornamented with four spines, forming two trans- verse series of two spines each, the first being small, the second two very large and long, much longer than the first two and situated behind them. The first antenne have the basal joint large and dilated, with a spine projecting outward from the inner exposed angle; the flagellum con- tains eight joints. The second antenne with a fla- gellum of nineteen to twenty-one joints reach the Fic. 9._Heap anp Posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. rirst THORACIC sEG- "The head of the male is excavate above and deeply MENT OF CORALLANA aig A ee aS sunken below the level of the dorsal surface of the body. The head of the female is unornamented, with only a slight indication of two small tubercles in the place where the large spines are situated on the head of the male. The basal joints of the first antenne of the female are large and dilated, but without the prominent spine characteristic of the male. The first thoracic segment in the male is ornamented with two small tubercles situated close together on the anterior portion. These tubercles are wanting in the female. The posterior segments of the thorax and the abdominal segments are densely tubercular. The terminal segment of the body is pointed posteriorly, and fringed with hairs. The uropoda are about as long as the terminal segment, the outer branch narrow, the inner branch wide; both are fringed with hairs and armed with a few spines. One male and a number of females were collected by Henry Hemp- hill at Key West, Florida. Type.—Cat. No. 13540, U.S.N.M. 43. CORALLANA QUADRICORNIS Hansen. Corallana quadricornis HANSEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Sky. (6), V, 1890, p. 382, pl. vi, fig. 3. Habitat.—St. Thomas, West Indies. a © NO. 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 51¢ 44. CORALLANA SUBTILIS Hansen. Corallana subtilis HANSEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 382, 383, pl. vn, 2 « figs. 3-3ce. Habitat.—St. Thomas, West Indies. 45. CORALLANA ANTILLENSIS Hansen. Corallana antillensis HANSEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 383, 384, pl. vu, figs. 44i. Habitat.—Key West, Florida; St. Thomas, West Indies. Depth.—Shallow water. 46. CORALLANA FISSICAUDA Hansen. Corallana fissicauda Hansen, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 385, 386, pl. vu, figs. 5-5d. FHabitat.—W est Indies. 47- CORALLANA OCULATA Hansen. Corallana oculata HANSEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 386, 387, pl. vu, figs. 6-6b. FHlabitat.—W est Indies. 48. CORALLANA WARMINGII Hansen. de ~I Corallana warmingti HANSEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. ¢ vil, figs. 7-71. Hatbitat.—Off Cape Catoche, Yucatan; 17° 47’ S. lat., 35° 17’ W. long. Depth.—24 fathoms. 388, pl. Family VII. ALCIRONIDZ. 21. ALCIRONA Hansen. Clypeus very large, crescent shaped, the inner margin occupying more than half the outer side of the mandibles. Peduncle of the second pair of antenne long. First three pairs of legs with the fifth joint not produced on the inner side, the last four pairs with the sixth joint not dilated. 49. ALCIRONA KREBSII Hansen. Aleirona krebsii HANsEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 391, 392, pl. vim, figs. 1-lq. FHabitat.—Ott Cape Catoche, Yucatan; St. Thomas, West Indies. Depth.—2 to 28 fathoms. 520 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Family VIII. AGIDE. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF GID. a. Body rather compact. Superior antennz short, with first two peduncular joints more or less expanded. Epistome large, linguiform, projecting between the bases of inferior antennee. Maxillipeds with palp composed of five joints. Front separating the whole or a great part of the first article of the first pair of antennze. Flagellum of first pair of antennze composed of many articles. Abdomen compact. . 2c. ot 262 sea. s ie ce ee oe eee 22. Alga. a’. Body depressed. Superior antenne short, with basal joints not expanded. Epis- tome very small and narrow. Maxillipeds with palp composed of only two joints. Front covering more or less the peduncle of the first pair of antenne. Flagellum of first pair of antennze composed of four to six articles. Abdomen relaxed. b. Eyes present. Anterior pairs of legs with propodus more or less expanded, dactylus forming a very large and evenly curved hook. Mandibles with the cutting edge expanded inside to a linguiform lamella; palp well developed, with basal joint much elongated. Abdomen not much narrower than thorax’. 22.452, 250 ee ee Ca neler ee eee 23. Rocinela. }’. Eyes wanting. Anterior pairs of legs with propodus not expanded, dactylus abruptly curved in the middle and terminating in a very sharp point. Mandibles with the cutting edge simple, acuminate; palp of moderate length. Abdomen abruptly narrower than the thorax; terminal segment very JATEO: cron sis seek nae see aie meni ne eee Pree Sere nee ciate 24. Syscenus. 22. AAGA Leach. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF GA. a. Peduncle of the first pair of antennze plane or concave, joints fitting into each other. Frontal lamina plane or concave. b. Terminal segment of body pointed at extremity. Cu ROY ea Gistambs = 2025. Be sien toe mig ne ee aes 50. dA2ga psora (Linneeus) . c’. Wyes contiguous..0. 5 2-/-- eae sc-e- 51. Aga antillensis Schicedte and Meinert. Lb’. Terminal segment of body not pointed at extremity. c Terminal segment posteriorly bisinuate. Surface of segment smooth, without caring. 2.4 nO ee ene Ree Ree eee 52. ga ecarinata Richardson. c’. Terminal segment posteriorly emarginate or truncate. d. Eyes contiguous. Terminal segment truncate.. 53. d’ga crenulata Lutken. d’, Eyes distant.. Terminal segment emarginate... 54. Aga webbii (Guérin). a’. Peduncle of the first pair of antennze well rounded and with joints compressed. Frontal lamina convex or compressed and elevated. b. Eyes contiguous. c. Terminal segment of body whole, entire. 55. dlga tenwipes Schicedte and Meinert. c’. Terminal segment of body not whole or entire. d. Terminal segment dentated ------ 56. diga dentata Schicedte and Meinert. d’, Terminal segment incised... .----- 57. Alga incisa Schicedte and Meinert. b’. Eyes not contiguous. c. Terminal segment linguate, incised posteriorly, obscurely sulcate. 58. Atga arctica Lutken. c’. Terminal segment subtriangular, apex produced. d. Eyes minute, ovate. Terminal segment lightly carinated. 59. Atga ventrosa M. Sars. d’, Eyes large, round, occupying greater part of head. Terminal segment not carinatedice 5.2.02. Soe ce ene eee 60. diga gracilipes Hansen. 2 vie No, 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHA RDSON. 521 50. AGA PSORA (Linnzus). Oniscus psora LINN US, Fauna suecica, 2d ed., 1761; Syst. Nat., 12th ed., I, 1767, p. 1060.—O. Fasricivs, Fauna Greenlandica, p. 249, 1780. Asga emarginata Leacn, Trans. Linn. Soc., XI, 1815, p. 370; Dict. Sci. Nat., XII, x 1818, p. 349.—DESMAREST, Consid. Crust., 1825, p. 305, pl. xLvu, figs. 4, 5.— Mitne-Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 240; Régne Anim., Crust., 1849, pl. rv, fig. 4; pl. uxvu, fig. 1.—GouLp, Rep. Geol. Mass., 1839, p. 549; Invert. Mass., 1841, p. 338. Atga psora KROYER, Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Afh., VII, 1888, p. 318. Aga psora LILLIEBORG, Ofvers. Vet.-Acad. Forh., 1850, p. 84; 1851, p. 24.— Lirken, Vidensk. Meddel., 1858, pp. 65, 179, 1859; 1860, p. 181 (7), 1861; Crustacea of Greenland, 1875, p. 150.—ScHiapDTe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), I, 1868, p. 12.—BatE and Werstwoop, Brit. Sess. Crust., II, 1868, p. 283, fig. —M. Sars, Chr. Vid. Selsk. Forh., 1868, 1869, p. 261.—G. O. Sars, Hard. Fauna, Crust., 1872, p. 275 (32).—VERRILL, Am. Jour. Sci. (3), V, 1873, p. 16.—Sirn and HarceEr, Trans. Conn. Acad., III, 1874, p. 22; Meinert, Crust. Isop. Amph. Dec. Danie, 1877, p. 89.—Mrers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), XIX, 1877, p. 134.—Harcer, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 161. Aiga entaillée LATREILLE, Régne Anim., IV, 1829, p. 134. Aiga psora Harcer, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 384-387, pl. x, fig. 64. (See Harger for synonymy. ) Habitat.—Oft Marthas Vineyard; Georges Bank; Browns Bank; La Have Bank; Gulf of Maine; Western Bank; Sable Island Bank; between St. Peters Bank and Banquereau; Newfoundland; Gulf of St. Lawrence; Labrador; Holsteinborg, Greenland; in Davis Straits; also Iceland; British Isles; North Sea; Finmark; Spitzbergen. Depth.—80 to 218 fathoms. 51. AGA ANTILLENSIS Schicedte and Meinert. Aga antillensis Scou1aprTe and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift., XII, 1879-80, pp. 361, 362, pl. vin, figs. 10-13. Habitat.—Cuba; West Indies; off Cozumel. Depth.—163 to 231 fathoms. 52. AGA ECARINATA Richardson. Aga ecarinata RICHARDSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XII, 1898, pp. 39, 40. Habitat.—Oft Little Bahama Bank: between delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida. Depth.—88 to 338 fathoms. 53. AZEGA CRENULATA Liitken. Aga crenulata LUTKEN, Vid. Medd. Naturh. Foren. i Kjobhayn f. 1858, p. 70, pl. A, figs. 4, 5.—ScHI@DTE and Mernert, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XI, p. 343, pl. vu, figs. 6-9.—HANSEN, Vid. Medd. Naturh. Foren. i Kjobenkavn f. 1887, p. 183. Habitat.—Ritenbenk and Umanek, West Greenland; also Iceland, Finmark, coast of Norway. 522 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. 54. “EGA WEBBII (Guerin). Pterelas webbii Guértn, Mag. Zool., Cl. VII, 1836, pl. xx, figs. la-e. Aiga webbii ScuiaptTE and Mertnert, Naturh. Tidssk., XII, 1879-80, pp. 347, 348, pl. x, figs. 1-4. ? diga webbii Hareer, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard College, 1883, XI, No. 4, p- 99. Habitat. —Off Fernandina, Florida; lat. N. 31° 57’, long. W. 78° 18’ 35” (Harger); also Cape of Good Hope; Portugal. Depth. —33 fathoms. 55. Z2GA TENUIPES Schicdte and Meinert. Aga tenvipes ScHiapTe and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XII, 1879-80, p. 371, pl. 1x, fig. 4-6. Habitat. —Cuba. 56. ZGA DENTATA Schicedte and Meinert. Aga dentata Scu1epTe and Meryert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XII, 1879-80, pp. 372, 373, pl. x, fig. 11-12. Habitat.—Cuba. 57. 42GA INCISA Schicedte and Meinert. Aga incisa Scuiapre and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XII, 1879-80, pp. 373, 374, pl. x, fig. 183-15.—Harerr, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard Col- lege, X , 1883, No. 4, p. 96, pl. 11, fig. 1. Habitat.—Ott Fernandina, Florida; off Georgia; off St. Augustine, Florida; 31°. 57 IN¢lat., (89.8357 W. long: Depth.—263 to 440 fathoms. 58. AZGA ARCTICA Litken. Aga arctica LiitKEN, Vid. Medd. Nat. For., 1858, p. 71, pl. 1 A, figs. 1-3.— Scuiapre and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XII, 1879-80, pp. 374, 375. Habitat.—Umanek and Hundeéderne, near Egedesminde, Greenland; also Iceland and Finmark. 59. HAGA VENTROSA M. Sars. Aga ventrosa M. Sars, Chr. Vid. Selsk. Forh., 1848, p. 156. ALga loveni Boy aus, Bihang Sv. Ak. Handl., XI, No. 16, pp. 3-6, pl. 1, figs. 1-10. Aigiochus ventrosus (M. Sars) Bovattiius, Bihang. Sy. Ak. Handl., XI., No. 16, pp. 8-9. Agiochus nordenskioldii Bovatiivs, Bihang Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl., X, 1885, No. 9, p. 5, pl. =x1. Aga nordenskioldii (Bovatires) Hansen, Vidensk Meddel. naturh. Foren. i Kjoebh., 1887, pp. 184-187. Atga ventrosa G. O. Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1897, Pts. 3, 4, p. 64, pl. xxv1, fig. 3. Habitat.—Greenland; also coast of Norway; Finland. Depth.—120 fathoms. On bo Oo x0.1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 60. 2GA GRACILIPES Hansen. Aga gracilipes HANSEN, Isopoden, Cumaceen und Stomatopoden der Plankton Exp., 1895, pp. 15, 16, pl. 1, fig. 6-6e. Habitat.—Gult of Mexico; North Atlantic, 59,0° N. lat., 8,5° W. long. Depth.—1730 fathoms; 1,524 meters (Hansen). 23° ROCINELA Leach. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF ROCINELA. a. Eyes contiguous. Head produced into process in front. 61. Rocinela oculata Harger. a’. Eyes not contiguous. b. Flagellum of second pair of antennee with fourteen to sixteen joints. c. Eyes close together. Head without median excavation, aot bicarinated. 62. Rocinela insularis Schicedte and Meinert. /. Eyes widely separated. Propodus of prehensile legs with two to four spines. First thoracic segment normal. d. Frontal margin of head produced. e. Head tuberculated..-.-.------------- 63. Rocinela cubensis Richardson. ’. Head not tuberculated. With frontal excavation. Front bicarinated. 64. Rocinela dumerilii (Lucas). d’. Frontal margin of head not produced. Terminal segment of body lingu- ate; both branches of the uropoda crenulate on their external margins. e. Spots present on both sides of the fourth thoracic segment. 65. Rocinela maculata Schicedte and Meinert. e/, Spots wanting on fourth thoracic segment. Spots wanting on fourth and fifth abdominal segments and terminal segment. 66. Rocinela americana Schicedte and Meinert. b/. Flagellum of second pair of antenne with ten or eleven joints. No tubercles developed on body. Terminal segment of body ornamented with a pair of narrow semilunar bands, separated by a longitudinal stripe. 67. Rocinela signata Schicedte and Meinert. 61. ROCINELA OCULATA Harger. Rocinela oculata Harcer, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard College, IX, No. 4, pp. 97-99, pl. 1, fig. 2-2a; pleiv, fig. 1. Habitat. —32° 18’ 20" W. lat., 78° 43’ W. long. Depth.—252 fathoms. 62. ROCINELA INSULARIS Schicdte and Meinert. Rocinela insularis Scurepre and MErNERT, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, 1879-80, XU, pp. 390, 391, pl. xu, fig. 1-3. Habitat. —West Indies; between delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida; off Fernandina, Florida. Depth.—227 to 273 fathoms. 63. ROCINELA CUBENSIS Richardson. Rocinela cubensis Rrcuarpson, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XXXVII, 1898, pp. 13, 14. Habitat. —Ott Habana. Depth.—143 fathoms. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. On bo rs 64. ROCINELA DUMERILII (Lucas). Acherusia dumerilii Lucas, Expl. Se. Algér., Zool. I, p. 79, pl. vin, fig. 3. Acherusia complanata GruBe, Ins. Lussin Meeresf., p. 76. Rocinela dumerilii Scutaspte and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XII, pp. 391-393, pl. xu, fig. 4-6. Habitat.—Off Habana, Cuba; also Mediterranean Sea; Adriatic Sea; in Atlantic Ocean, 36° 46’ 7” lat. N., 14° 7’ 2” long. W. Depth.—230 fathoms. 65. ROCINELA MACULATA Schicedte and Meinert. Rocinela maculata Scuiaepre and Mervert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XII, 1889, p. 393, pl. xu, figs. 10O-12.—Bova.utus, Bihang t. Kgl. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handlung., X, No. 11, p. 10, pl. 11, figs. 18-23.—Hansen, Vidensk. Meddel. naturh. Foren. 1 Kjoebh., 1887, p. 187. Habitat.—Greenland; Vladivostock; east Asia. 66. ROCINELA AMERICANA Schicedte and Meinert. Rocinela americana Scuiapre and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XVI, 1879-80, pp. 394, 395, pl. x11, figs. 16-18.—Hareer, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard College, XI, 1883, No. 4, pp. 98, 99, pl. Iv, figs. 3, 3a, 4; pl. rv, figs. 2, 2a. Habitat.—Trenton, Maine; 40° 2’ 54’ N. lat., 70° 23’ 40” W. long.; 40° °N: late, T0° ST! W..long.;-38° 57-N. tats) 10> bi 30 We lone. at 25’ Novlat., "142-18" W. jone.-5402.. 27 N. lat. Oe eo er ai long. Depth.—85 to 157 fathoms. 67. ROCINELA SIGNATA Schicedte and Meinert. Rocinela signata ScutaprE and Merert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XII, 1879-80, pp. 399-401, pl. xin, fig. 3-6. Habitat.—W est Indies; shores of Central America; St. Croix Island; St. Bartholomew Island; Marco, No Name Key, and between Delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida. Depth.—Low water to 26 fathoms. 24. SYSCENUS Harger. 68. SYSCENUS INFELIX Harger. Syscenus infelix HARGER, Report U. 8. Fish Comm., Pt. 6, pp. 387-390. 1880; Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard College, XI, 1883, No. 4, pp. 100-102, pl. 1m, figs. 5-5a, pl. rv, figs. 3-3h. ; [Tabitat.—41° 34' 30" N. lat., 65° 54’ 30” W. long.; 40° 11’ 40” N. lat., 68° 22’ W. long.; Marthas Vineyard; south of Long Island; also all along the Atlantic coast as far south as Delaware Bay. Depth.—231 to 435 fathoms. eee ee a NO, 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. Family IX. CYMOTHOID. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF CYMOTHOID®.! a. Head not at all immersed or set in the first thoracic segment. b. Uropoda and terminal segment ciliated. Eyes large, conspicuous. .25. ./gathoa. i’. Uropoda and terminal segment not ciliated. Eyes small. c. Posterior angles of first segment of body prominent or produced, very often acute; posterior angles of the following segments increasing gradually in length, the first of these very often scarcely prominent, the posterior ones very often produced, abruptly longer than the first. Epimera of the first segments extending beyond the posterior angles of the seg- ment; posterior ones produced, acute ....--------- Sars aoe 26. Nerocila. c’. Posterior angles of first six segments of body scarcely or not at all promi- nent, those of seventh segment produced. Epimera of first segments very often almost or quite reaching, or not reaching by a short dis- tance, the posterior angle of the segment. d. Body compact. Head not constricted at base. Uropoda very often more or less longer than terminal segment. Legs gradually increasing in length. 27. Anilocra. d’. Body relaxed. Head constricted at the base. Uropoda much shorter than terminal segment. Legs gradually and much longer successively; seventh pair abruptly very much so..-..--...----------- 28. Olencira. a’. Head more or less immersed or set in first thoracic segment. }. First pair of antennze contiguous at the base. c. Epimera of the first pair with a carina produced in the form of a spoon in female. Ungule very long, unequal in length; those of the third pair longest, abruptly longer than second pair. Terminal segment trans- SV TSC ae ee erate ee ener eiepo aie claps Srersis cape cetas 29. Ceratothoa. ¢, Epimera of the first pair not produced in female. Ungulee mostly very short, very rarely long, equal in length. Terminal segment subtriangular, Semiciculan, ortemibllobedrwes.. 2 aesecee soe eee oe 30. Meinertia. i’. First pair of antennze manifestly distant at the base. c. Abdomen manifestly separated from the thorax, abruptly narrower than LINO alee eee en eae poke aoe ar esi asic sae 31. Cymothoa. c’. Abdomen continuous with thorax, not narrower than thorax. ae Bodyonunched or compressed o- +2 2-.22222--9-- ss5----- o> -=~= 32. Agarna. d’. Body evenly convex, not hunched. e. Abdomen very little or scarcely immersed. Segments of thorax either equal in length or the first segment abruptly longer and the last segment abruptly shorter than the others-_.:2....-:-/2-.<-----<- 33. Livoneca. e’. Abdomen very deeply and profoundly immersed. First segment of the thorax manifestly longer than the second; six posterior segments gradu- ally decreasing a little im length's=2- 2c. 5225222 - 22. ee eee 34. Lrona. 25. ZGATHOA Dana. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF GATHOA. a. Frontal margin of head produced anteriorly in a median linguate projection. 69. Agathoa linguifrons, new species. a’. Frontal margin of head not produced anteriorly in a median projection. b. Surface of head smooth, evenly convex. Second pair of antennz ten-jointed. First thoracic segment longer than any of the succeeding segments, which are of-equal Jength':* 3 c2te stent ecko sale’ 70. Afgathoa loliginea Harger. 1The definitions of genera are taken from Schicedte and Meinert’s Monograph of E the Cymothoide, Naturhist. Tidssk., XIII, XIV, 1881-1884. 526 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. b’. Surface of head with central portion sharply raised above the lateral portion, which is deeply excavate just in front of the eyes. Second pair of antennze eight-jointed. First three thoracic segments subequal; last four subequal and somewhat shorter than first three.......-- 71. Agathoa medialis Richardson. 69. AEGATHOA LINGUIFRONS, new species. Body narrow, elongate; abdomen not narrower than thorax. Head with sides rounded. Frontal margin abruptly produced anteriorly into a median linguate projection, with apex rounded; posterior part of projection forming a raised surface sharply defined on anterior part of head, extending back to eyes. Eyes large, oval, occupying two-thirds the width of head. First pair of antenne nine-jointed. Second pair more slender, equal in length to first pair, and ten-jointed. First three thoracic segments long, second one short- est; last four segments short, of nearly equal length. All the abdominal segments distinct; first five equal in length, terminal segment rounded at apex. Uropoda longer than terminal segment. Inner branch obliquely Bieta’ truncate at apex and shorter than outer branch, which is obtusely pointed. Both branches, as well as the posterior margin of the terminal segment, are fringed with hairs. Legs similar in structure, with curved dactyli. Color, light brown, with scattered black dots. A single specimen was obtained at Trinidad. Type.—Cat. No. 23908, U.S.N.M. 70. AGATHOA LOLIGINEA Harger. ? Cymothoa oculata Say, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil., I, 1818, pp. 398, 399. Aigathoa loliginea Harcer, Am. Jour. Sci., XV, 1898, p. 376; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., I1., 1879, p. 161. Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 393, 394, pl. x, fig. 66. Habitat.—Savin Rock, near New Haven, Connecticut; Fort Macon, North Carolina; St. Johns River, Florida (Say). Cymothoa oculata Say is probably identical with Zyathoa loliginea Harger. In the description given by Say, the characters which point to this identification are ** body elongate oval; head trilobate behind, mid- dle lobe smallest; abdomen, segments not shorter than terminal thoracic ones; tail, terminal segment shorter than the four preceding segments conjunctly. Lateral line of body forming a perfectly uninterrupted curve; head regularly rounded before, broader than long; eyes large, conspicuous, fascets regularly hexagonal; terminal segment hardly broader than preceding segment, rounded at tip, edge ciliate, nearly equal to length of the four preceding joints conjunctly. Uropoda ciliated.” NO. 1222. JSOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 597 Say’s species is clearly not a Cymothoa, and can be placed with no other genus of the Cymotho/de than Aigathoa, because of the ciliated uropoda and ciliated terminal abdominal segment. Although nothing is said of the antenne in the meager description, the species can hardly be placed among the g7dw, because of the long abdominal segments which are equal in length to the posterior thoracic segments, the head trilobate behind, regularly rounded before, and terminal segment hardly broader than preceding segment. "71. AAGATHOA MEDIALIS Richardson. Aigathoa medialis RicHarpson, Am. Nat., XXXIV, 1900, p. 220. Body narrow, elongate; abdomen not narrower than thorax. Head, with anterior margin, broadly rounded in front; central portion sharply raised above lateral portion, which is deeply excavate Just in front of eyes. Eyes large, occupying two-thirds the width of the head. First pair of antennv eight-jointed; second pair more slender, equal in length, and nine-jointed. First three segments of thorax subequal, last four subequal and some- what shorter than first three. First five abdominal segments equal in length. ‘Terminal segment rounded posteriorly. Uropoda longer than terminal segment; branches unequal. Outer branch the ionger; inner branch obliquely truncate. Legs similar in structure, with curved dactyli. Color, light brown, densely covered with black spots. Single specimen from Barren Island, Chesapeake Bay. Fie. 11.—GAtTHos MEDIALIS. Depth.—3 to 25 fathoms. Type.—Cat. No. 23904, U.S.N.M. 26. NEROCILA Leach. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF NEROCILA. a. Head rounded like a circle in front; eyes indistinct, obscure. Terminal segment cordate, acuminate, lightly carinated. Uropoda scarcely longer than the ter- minal segment; inner branch much shorter and wider than outer branch, acuminate; outer branch narrow, scythe-shaped. 72. Nerocila acuminata Schicedte and Meinert. a. Head subtruneate in front. Eyes distinct, black. Terminal segment regularly rounded, not carinated. Uropoda much longer than terminal segment; inner branch narrowly oval, obliquely truncate, and shorter than outer branch; outer branch narrowly ovate or lanceolate. ------ 73. Nerocila munda Harger. 72. NEROCILA ACUMINATA Schicedte and Meinert. Nerocila acuminata ScutaprE AND Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XIII, 1881-1883, pp. 48-50, pl. 1, figs. 5-6. Habitat.—Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico; St. Anna, Mexico; Louisiana; Pensacola and St. Marys River, Florida; Fort Macon, North Carolina; New Point, Virginia. 528 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. 73. NEROCILA MUNDA Harger. Nerocila munda Harcer, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 571 (277); Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 161.—VERRILL, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 459 (165).— Harcer, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 392, 393, pl. x, fig. 65. Habitat.—Vineyard Sound. 27 SAN IBOCRAS Weach: ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF ANILOCRA. a. Head produced, with sides sinuate and roundly truncate in front. Terminal abdominal segment varying in width, either equally as long as wide, or mani- festly longer than wide. Uropoda much shorter than caudal segment; inner branch scarcely much longer and much wider than outer branch. 74. Anilocra laticauda Milne-Edwards. aw. Head rounded as a circle in front. Terminal abdominal segment wider than long. Uropoda manifestly longer than terminal segment; inner branch much shorter and searcely wider than outer branch. 75. Anilocra plebeia Schicedte and Meinert. 74. ANILOCRA LATICAUDA Milne-Edwards. Anilocra laticauda MrtNE-Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, p. 259. Anilocra mexicana SAussuRE, Rey. Mag. Zool., 1857, p. 505. | Anilocra leachii (Kr@yer), Scuia@pre, Natur. Tidsskr., TV, 1866, p. 205, pl. x1, | figs. 2a—2e¢. / Anilocra laticauda Scuiaprr and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XIII, 1881-1883, pp. 126-131, pl. rx, figs. 1-3. Habitat.—From Maryland to Straits of Magellan: Maryland; Key West; St. Anna, Mexico; Cozumel, Yucatan; Habana, Cuba; St. Thomas; St. Croix; St. Bartholomew; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Sandy Point, in Straits of Magellan; Porlamar, Margarita Island, Venezuela. 75. ANILOCRA PLEBEIA Schicedte and Meinert. Anilocra plebeia Scu1a@ptTe and Meryert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XIII, 1881- 1883, pp. 145, 146, pl. x, fig. 3. Habitat.—Shores of Costa Rica, Central America. 28. OLENCIRA Leach. 76. OLENCIRA PRAEGUSTATOR (Latrobe). Oniscus pregustator LATROBE, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soe., V, p. 77, pl. 1. Cymothoa pregustator Say, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, pp. 395, 396. Olencira lamarckii Leacu, Dict. Se. Nat., XII, p. 351.—Dersmarest, Consid. Gen. Crust., p. 307.—MiLtnr-Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, p. 264. Olencira pregustator Scutapre and Mernert, Naturh. Tidsskrift, XIII, 1881-1883, pp. 152-154, pl. x, figs. 6-9. ‘The species described by Nicholson in his Hist. Nat. de St. Dominique, pp. 343, 344, pl. vu, fig. 2, under the name of Pow de Sarde, and which he speaks of as “Je véritable Pediculus marinus de Rondelet et Maregrave,’’ probably belongs to No, 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 529 Habitat.—Potomac River; York Spit, Virginia; Dividing Cove; St. Georges Island, Maryland; Fort Monroe, Head of Cockrell Creek, Hampton Creek, Lower Chesapeake Bay; Cape Charles, Virginia; off Great Wicomico; Pensacola and St. Marys River, Florida. 29. CERATOTHOA Dana.’ 77. CERATOTHOA LINEARIS Dana. Ceratothoa linearis Dana, U. S. Explor. Exped. Crust., II, p. 752, pl. 1, fig. 1 a-1 d. ? Cymothoa impressa Say, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil., I, 1818, p. 397. Ceratothoa exoceti CUNNINGHAM, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, XX VIJ, p. 499, pl. LIX, fig. 5. Glossobius linearis Scutaspre and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XIII, 188i— 1883, pp. 301-308, pl. xm, fig. 1-2. Ceratothoa linearis StEBBING, Hist. of Crust., 1893, p. 354. Habitat.—From 42° to 21° N. lat.; 8° to 10° N. lat., 40° to 50° W. long.; 34° N. lat., 51° W. long.; Rio Janeiro; in the Gulf Stream everywhere; Cape May, New Jersey (Say). 380. MEINERTIA Stebbing. 78. MEINERTIA TRANSVERSA Richardson, Meinertia transversa Richardson, Am. Nat., XX XIV, 1900, p. 221. Head very little immersed in first thoracic segment, large, subtrian- gular, anterior margin pointed with sides slightly sinuate. Eyes situated at extreme post-lateral margins, almost obscure. First pair of antennee, \ with joints dilated, issuing close together, eight articulate. Sec- ond pair of antenne slender, extending a little beyond poste- rior margin of first thoracic seg- ment; fourteen jointed. Thoracic segments subequal in length. Abdomen not at all immersed. All the segments FG. 13—Axspomen or visible and equal in width and length. Terminal aoe SHaecaey seement subtriangular with apex round, impressed at base, equal in length to first five segments taken together. Uro- poda a little longer than apex of terminal segment, branches similar in shape, oar-like, and of equal length. Legs increasing in length from first to seventh pair. Color yellowish brown. Lr Fig. 12.—HEAD OF MEIN- ERTIA TRANSVERSA,. the genus Anilocra. Schicedte and Meinert have placed Pediculus marinus Rondelet in the synonymy of Anilocra physodes Linnzeus, and following their authority, and Nich- olson’s observation on the close resemblance of his species with Pediculus marinus, I would refer Pow de Sarde to this genus. Whether or not it is identical with A. /ati- cauda, common in the West Indies, I am unable to determine from the description, ‘Proc. N. M.. vol. xxiii 34 530 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. One specimen from between the delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida, collected by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer A/ba- t/ OSS. Type.—No. 9728, U.S.N.M. 21. CYMOTHOA Fabricius. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF CYMOTHOA. a. Terminal segment lanceolate -.-....--------------- 79. Cymothoa lanceolata Say. a’. Terminal segment transverse; posterior margin widely sinuated or bilobed. b. Anterior angles of the first thoracic segment short, acute; sides of the segment a little constricted. Inner branch of the uropoda much shorter than outer branchicn se osc eee eee eee eee eee 80. Cymothoa excisa Perty. }’. Anterior angles of the first thoracic segment very large, equaling or surpassing the front of the head, rounded; sides of the segment flexuous. Inner branch of the uropoda manifestly longer that outer branch. 81. Cymothoa cestrum (Linneeus). 79. CYMOTHOA LANCEOLATA Say. Cymothoa lanceolata Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, pp. 397, 398. Hlabitat. Cumberland Island, Georgia. 80. CYMOTHOA EXCISA Perty. Cymothoa excisa Perty, Del Amin., p. 211. Cymothoa parasita SAussuRE, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genéve, XIV, Pt. 2, p. 485, pl. v, fig. 44. Crustaceum quoddam animalculum Acarapitambam vexans Marccrav, Hist. pise. IV, p. 155. Cymothoa excisa Scutapre and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XIV, 1883- 84, pp. 238-244, pl. v1, figs. 11-16. (See Schicedte and Meinert for synonymy. ) Habitat.—Massachusetts; Florida Reefs; Charlestown Harbor, South Carolina; Bahamas; Biloxi, Mississippi; Cuba; Maranhao; Rio Janeiro. 81. CYMOTHOA CESTRUM (Linnezus). Oniscus cestrum Linnxus, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., I, p. 636, No. 2; Fauna Su., 2d ed., p. 499, no. 2053; Syst. Nat., 12th ed., I, Pt. 2, p. 1059, No. 2. Asellus eestrum Oxtvter, Eneyel. méthod, IV, p. 255. Cymothoa cestrum Fasricius, Entom. Syst. I, p. 505, No. 6.—Leacu, Trans. Linn. Soec., XI, p. 372; Dict. Sc. Nat., XII, p. 352.—Dersmarest, Consid. gén. Crust., p. 309, pl. xiv, figs. 6-7. Cymothoa dufresnei Leacu, Dict. Se. Nat., XII, p. 352. Cymothoa immersa Say, Journ. Ac. Nat. Se. Phila., I, 1818, pp. 399, 400. Cymothoa cestrum ScHiapTEand Mervert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XIV, 1883-84, pp. 271-279, pl. vin, figs. 5-13. Habitat.—Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico to shores of Virginia: Swan Island; St. Bartholomew; St. Christopher; Jamaica; Guade- loupe; St. Anna, Mexico; Key West, Florida; Curacao, Venezuela. 5351 NO, 1222, ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 82. AGARNA Sechicedte and Meinert. 82. AGARNA CARINATA Schicedte and Meinert. Agarna carinata ScHiaprE and Merrnert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XIV, 1883-84, pp. 329-334, pl. x11, figs. 1-3. Habitat.—St. Croix Island, West Indies; Key West, Florida. 33. LIVONECA Leach. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF LIVONECA. Uropoda much longer than caudal segment; inner branch narrow, obtuse, much shorter than outer branch. Epimera of last two thoracic segments not longer PcG eo NCGS Sales aha See eS NE sa a 83. Livoneca redmanni Leach. a’. Uropoda hardly surpassing the caudal segment; both branches equal in length, inner one oval. Epimera of last two thoracic segments longer than segments. 84. Livoneca ovalis (Say). 83. LIVONECA REDMANNI Leach. Livoneca redmanni Leacn, Dict. Hist. Nat., XII, p.352.—Drsmaregst, Cons. Gén. Crust., p. 308.—Mitne-Epwarpbs, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, p. 261; Cuv. Régn. Anim. Ill., pl. uxvi, figs. 4, 4a. Livoneca desmarestii Lpacu, Dict. Hist. Nat., XII, p. 352.—Drsmarest, Cons. Gén. Crust., p. 308.—Mitnr-Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, p. 261; Cuv. Régn. Anim. Ill., pl. uxvt, figs. 3, 3a—3e. LTivoneca redmanni Scaraprr and Mertnert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XIV, 1883-84, p. 353-358, pl. xiv, figs. 6-12. flabitat.—New York; Charleston, South Carolina; Mobile, Ala- bama; Biloxi, Mississippi; Cuba; St. Christopher; Jamaica; Bahia, and Rio Janeiro, Brazil. 84. LIVONECA OVALIS (Say). Cymothoa ovalis Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, p. 394. Cymothoa triloba Dexay, Nat. Hist. N. Y., Pt. 1, p. 46, pl. x, fig. 40, 1843. (?) Cymothoa olivacea Dekay, Nat. Hist., N. Y., Pt. 1, p. 47, pl. x, figs. 41, 41a. Livoneca ovalis Wuirr, Cat. Crust. Brit. Mus., 1847, p. 109.—Harcer, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 572 (278), pl. v1, fig. 29; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 162; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 395, 396, pl. x1, fig. 67. Habitat.—New Haven; Thimble Islands; Long Island Sound; Woods Hole, Massachusetts; Vineyard Sound; New York; Patapsco River; Charleston, South Carolina; Pensacola, Florida; St. Marys River, Florida. 34. IRONA Schicedte and Meinert. 85. IRONA NANA Schicedte and Meinert. Trona nana Scuicpre and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XIV, 1883-84, pp. 390-395, pl. xvi, figs. 6-11. Habitat.—Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean; St. John; St. Bar- tholomew; Rio Janeiro. 532 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Family X. LIMNORITD ZA. 385. LIMNORIA Leaeh. 86. LIMNORIA LIGNORUM (Rathke). Cymothoa lignorum Ratux®, Skrivt. of Naturh. Selsk., V, 1799, p. 101, pl. mm, fig. 14 (White). Timnoria tenebrans Leacu, Ed. Encycel., VII, 1813, p. 433 (Am. ed., p. 273); Trans. Linn. Soc., XI, 1815, p. 37; Dict. Sci. Nat., XII, 1818, p. 353.—Des- MAREsT, Consid. Crust., 1825, p. 812.—LatTrEILLE, Régne Anim., IV, 1829, p. 135.—Epwarps, Annot. de Lamarck; V, 1838, p. 276; Hist. Nat. des. Crust., ILI, 1840, p. 145; Régne Anim., Crust., 1849, p. 197, pl. uxvu, fig. 5.—GouLp, Invert. Mass., 1840, pp. 338, 354.—VERRILL, Proc. Am. Assoc., 1873 (1874), p- 367. Limnoria lignorum Wurire, Pop. Hist. Brit. Crust., 1857, p. 227, pl. xu, fig. 5.— Barter, Rep. Brit. Assoc., 1860 (1861), p. 225.—Bare and Westwoop, Brit. Sess. Crust., II, 1868, p. 351.—Norman, Rep. Brit. Assoc., 1868 (1869) p. 288.—VERRILL, Am. Journ. Sci., VII, 1874, pp. 133, 1385; Proc. Am. Assoc., 1873 (1874), p. 371; Report U. 8. Com. of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 379 (85).—Haraer, Report U. 8. Fish Com. 1874, Pt. 1, p. 571 (277) pl. v1, fig. 25; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., I], 1879, p. 161.—Srespprne, Trans. Devon. Assoc., 1874, p. 8; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th ser., X VII, 1876, p. 79.— SmitH, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879 (1880), p. 232, fig. 2. Limnoria uncinata Heuer, Verh. k. k. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, X VI, 1866, p. 734. Limnoria lignorum Harcer, Report U. 8. Fish Commissioner, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 373, 376 (see Harger for synonymy). Limnoria californica Hewston, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., V, 1874, p. 24 (nomen nudum). Habitat.—From Florida to Halifax, and Gulf of St. Lawrence; also coast of Great Britain; North Sea; Adriatic Sea; Pacific Ocean; Cali- fornia; coast of Norway. Family XI. SPHAZROMID. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF SPH#ROMID2. a, Outer branch of the uropoda small, almost rudimentary.-.....---- 36. Cassidina. a’. Outer branch of the uropoda not rudimentary. b. Both external and internal branches of the uropoda projecting and exposed; outer branch capable of folding under inner. c. Terminal segment of the abdomen entire .-----.----.------- 37. Spheroma. c’. Terminal segment excavated atits extremity-.-...-----.---- 38. Dynamene. b’. Only external branch of the uropoda projecting and exposed; outer branch incapable of folding under inner. c. All the thoracic segments of equal length. Penultimate abdominal segment in male generally produced in spine. Terminal segment excavate with or without median lobe... 2.28232. eee ee eee eee 39. Cilicea. c’. Sixth segment of the thorax much enlarged, and produced at the center far backward, covering the shorter seventh segment for the most part. Ter- minal seementiexcavate; 2226 bean QoS ee eee ee 40. Nesa. No. 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 533 386. CASSIDINA Milne Edwards. 87. CASSIDINA LUNIFRONS Richardson. Body oval, surface smooth. Head broader anteriorly than posteriorly, the antero-lateral angles being produced in a lateral direction and forming very acute angles. The eyes are situated at the post-lateral corners of the head. The first pair of antennee reach two or three joints beyond the antero-lateral angle of the head; flagellum five-jointed. The second pair almost reach the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment; flagellum contains about eight joints, the first four being large, the last four small and setose. The first thoracic segment is well fitted to the head, so that the elliptical outline of the body is preserved. The segments are subequal, with straight lateral margins. The epimera are hardly distinct from the segments. The first segment of the abdomen is short. The terminal segment is subtriangular, with apex truncate. The inner branch of the uropoda is pointed at its extremity, and reaches the tip of the abdomen. The outer branch is rudimen- tary, about one-fourth as long as the inner branch. Color, brown. Specimens were found at Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey, by Wil- liam Stimpson. Type.—Cat. No. 4402, U.S.N.M. 37. SPHAZAROMA Latreille. Fie. 14,—CASsIDINA LUNI- FRONS. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SPHEROMA. a. Outer branch of the uropoda denticulate on its external margin. 6. Abdomen without tubercules.......------ 88. Spheroma quadridentatum Say. b/. Abdomen with tubercules............-- 89. Spheroma destructor Richardson. a. Outer branch of the uropoda smooth on its external magin. 90. Spheroma yucatanum, new species. 88. SPH Z ROMA QUADRIDENTATUM Say. Spheroma quadridentatum Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, p. 400.— Harcer, Am. Jour. Sci., V, 1873, p. 314; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 569 (275), pl. v, fig. 21; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 161.—Verrritt, Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 315 (21).—HarcrEr, Report U. S. Commis- sioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 368-370, pl. rx, fig. 53. Habitat.—Provincetown, Massachusetts; Cape Charles City, Vir- ginia; St. Catherine’s Island, Georgia; East Florida; Key West, Florida. Depth.—Surtace to one-half fathom. 534 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VoL. XXIII. 89. SPHAZROMA DESTRUCTOR Richardson. Sphreroma destructor RICHARDSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XI, p. 105, 1897. Flabitat.—St. John’s River, Palatka, Florida. go. SPHAX ROMA YUCATANOUM, new species. Head transverse; eyes situated at the extreme post-lateral angles. First pair of antennee short, reaching the posterior margin of the head; flagellum six-jointed. Second pair of antenn, with a flagellum containing ten joints, extends to the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment. pe aN First thoracic segment longer than any of. the following segments, its post-lateral angles pro- \\ /) duced. The remaining segments of equal length; epimera produced laterally into acute processes. Wide is=_ MeO POs First abdominal segment with suture lines. Last ee yucaTa- seoment terminating posteriorly in an obtuse point, on either side of which is a small tooth. The base of the segment bears three low tubercles, one on the median line and one on either side. The uropoda are short, not reaching the post- lateral teeth. Both branches are equal in length and width, the outer branch pointed, the inner branch truncate. Surface of body smooth; color bluish. One specimen was taken at Cape Catoche, Yucatan. Type.—Cat. No. 23905, U.S.N.M. 388. DYNAMENE Leach. ~ ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF DYNAMENE. a. Terminal abdominal segment with only a slight rounded excayation at its extremity. Extremity of terminal segment and outer posterior angles of uropoda rounded, not produced... ------- 91. Dynamene bermudensis (Ives). ad. Terminal abdominal segment with a deep V shaped excavation at its extremity. Extremity of terminal segment and outer posterior angles of uropoda acutelysproduced2=ss= === = eae 92. Dynamene angulata, new species. 91. DYNAMENE BERMUDENSIS (Ives). Cymodocea bermudensis Ives, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1891, p. 194. fTabitat.—Bermudas ; Punta Rassu, Florida; Cedar Keys, Florida ; Key West, Florida; Mo Name Key, Florida ; Sarasota Bay, Florida; Beaufort, North Carolina. 92. DYNAMENE ANGULATA, new species. Surface of body smooth ; color yellow. Head large, with small median point on its anterior margin. First pair of antenne reach the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment ; flagellum composed of nine joints. Second pair of antenne No. 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 535 reach the posterior margin of the fourth thoracic segment; flagellum composed of thirteen joints. Thoracic segments sub-equal in length, the first being a little longer than any of the’ others. The epimera are broad and short, with acute lateral angulations. (me The firstabdominal segment bears suture lines indic- ative of coalesced segments. The terminal segment is sub-triangular, with the extremity produced and deeply excavate, the excavation being V shaped. The branches of the uropoda are similar in shape, the outer — Fic. 16—Anvomey or one being somewhat longer; they are obliquely trun- oo Bat rca ‘ated and do not quite reach the tip of the abdomen. Specimens were found by Mr. Henry Hemphill at No Name Key, Florida. Type.—Cat. No. 23906, U.S.N.M. 39. CILIC AA Leach. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF CILICHA. a. Terminal abdominal segment with small sinus without teeth or median lobe. 93. Cilicea carinata Richardson. a’. Terminal abdominal segment with sinusin which are placed teeth or median lobe. Pacinusewath tounsteeths=5 sss eee aeeaa case see = 94. Cilicea caudata (Say). i’. Sinus with one median lobe, projecting much beyond the lateral angles and triangulate at its extremity--....----- 95. Cilicea linguicauda, new species. 93. CILICHA CARINATA Richardson, Cilicea carinata Ricnarpson, Am. Nat., XXXIV, 1900, p. 224. Head with a median projection on the anterior margin, produced forward in the form of a large tubercle. Eyes colorless. First pair of antenne reach the posterior margin of the head; flagellum eight- jointed. Second pair of an- tenne reach the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment. The segments of the thorax ea nea OW Ci are. roughly seramilated: sa CEA CARINATA. ; transverse median ridge or elevation appears on each of the segments, giv- ing the dorsum, from a lateral view, a very rugged appearance. The epimera are rough Di bia yer ae and are drawn out laterally in very acute angles. leew Sassy The abdomen is composed of two segments, the first segment being formed of several coalesced segments, as indicated by two suture lines. In the center of this segment are two longitudinal ridges, placed obliquely, so as almost to meet anteriorly and to spread apart at their 536 _ PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. other extremity. This segment projects down over the last segment at either side. The last segment bears a deep excavation at its poste- rior extremity, around and above which is a carinated ridge extending entirely around the ITE TS whole of the posterior half of the segment. Two small longitudinal ridges are in the center pC ge of the segment. The inner branch of the uro- iY poda is very short, not reaching the extremity //) WS of the abdomen by some distance; it is quad- rangular in shape, with sides nearly parallel, and obliquely truncated at the end. The outer branch of the uropoda is long, curved, and pointed at the end, resem- bling a hook somewhat. The color is a light yellow. In appearance the little isopod is very rough and rugged looking. There is but one specimen, which was found off the coast of Georgia. Depth.—440 fathoms. Type.—Cat. No. 23907, UsS.N.M. Fic. 19.—ABDOMEN OF CILICAA CARINATA. 94. CILICAA CAUDATA (Say). Nesa caudata Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., I, 1818, p. 482.—Mrine- Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crustacés, III, p. 219. Cymodocea caudata Ives, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1891, p. 188, pl. v1, figs. 11-14. Cilicea caudata RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Museum, X XI, p. 841 (footnote). Habitat.—Egg Harbor, New Jersey; Beaufort, North Carolina; No Name Key, Florida; between Salt Pond Key and Stock Island; Key West, Sugarloaf Key, northwest end St. Martin’s Reef, Sarasota Bay, Florida; off Progreso, Yucatan; Bermudas. Depth.—¥ound on surface. 95. CILICHZA LINGUICAUDA, new species. Head subtriangular in shape; frontal margin with a small median point; eyes post-laterally situated. The first pair of antennz reach the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment; the second pair touch the fourth segment. The first segment of the thorax is a little longer than any of the others, which are similar in size. The epimera are distinct from the segments, and are produced into acute points, with the exception of the last, which has the epimera quite rounded. The abdomen is composed of two segments, the first of which gives indication of three coalesced segments, and has a small tooth on each side on its post-lateral margin. The last segment is swollen ante- riorly, and bears three low tubercles on this portion. The extremity a No. 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 537 of the abdomen is marked by a sinus, which is almost completely filled by a single large tooth, which is posteriorly triangular and extends beyond the lateral teeth formed by the sinus. This cen- tral tooth bears a small, pointed tubercle near its base. The uropoda are slightly inecurved, and are somewhat longer than the abdomen. F1G. 20.—ABDo- The color is a dull yellow. EOS ONES The lower part of each thoracic segment is densely CEA LINGUI- 5 - CAUDA, granulated, as well as the whole surface of the abdo- men. The edges of the segments and the uropoda are fringed with hairs. Labitat.—Cape Catoche, Yucatan. Type.—Cat. No. 23908, U.S.N.M. 40. NAZSA Leach. It is not probable that the two following species belong to the genus Neesa, but being unable from lack of specimens and from the character of the description to determine where they do belong, I bave retained them for the present with Neesa where Say placed them. 96. NAXESA DEPRESSA Say. Nesa depressa Say, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, pp. 483, 484. Habitat.—Kgg Harbor, New Jersey. Depth.—Found on surface. 97. N4ESA OVALIS Say. Nesa ovalis Say, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, pp. 484, 485. Habitat.—St. Johns River, Florida. Depth.—Found on surface. he VALNV IPE RA or IDOTEOIDEA. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF VALVIFERA. a. Body more or less broad, depressed. Legs usually nearly alike, but first three pairs sometimes with propodus dilated and dactylus reflexed. Family XII. [pore (p. 537). a’. Body narrow, scarcely depressed. Four anterior pairs of legs unlike three pos- terior pairs, and not ambulatory, nor strictly prehensile, directed forward, slender, ciliated, with terminal joint minute; last three pairs stouter, ambula- tory, with terminal joint bifid .......-..-- Family XIII. Arcrurip (p. 545). Family XII. IDOTEIDZ. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF IDOTEID. a. Sides of head emarginate or cleft and laterally produced beyond eyes, which are situated upon its dorsal surface. Three anterior pairs of legs, with penul- timate joint or propodus dilated, and forming, with reflexible dactylus, a prehensile hand. All the epimera from the second to seventh segments CISRNCL OCMC Oe Sasa seem ames eset wae elcceese ces 41. Chiridotea. 538 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VoL. XXIII. a’. Sides of head in a dorsal view entire and not laterally produced. Eyes lateral. Legs all ambulatory; three anterior pairs with penultimate joint not or not much dilated. b. Flagellum of second pair of antennze well developed and multiarticulate. c. Palpus of maxillipeds four-jointed. Epimera of all the segments well devel- oped and evident ina dorsal view. Abdomen consisting of three segments with lateral sutures indicative of another partially coalescent segment. 42. Idotea. c’. Palpus of maxillipeds three-jointed. All the epimera coalesced and perfectly united with the segments. Abdomen consisting of one segment, uniartic- TUM Ute Pe te ee er nit = CAR re Ge 43. Synidotea. i’. Flagellum of second pair of antennz not multiarticulate. c. Flagellum of second pair of antennze obsolete. Second pair of antennze much longer than first pair. d. Legs subequal. Antennze geniculate. Palp of maxillipeds four-jointed. Body anpwlate: ss. 2 525 oe Ses Oe eee eee 44. Hrichsonella. d. Third and fourth pairs of legs generally markedly shorter than anterior pairs. Fifth, sixth, and seventh pairs gradually increasing in length. Antenne not geniculate. Palp of maxillipeds two-jointed. Body slen- ders linearsmoothins. fo55. 2 aS a ee ee ee eee ee 45. Cleantis. c’, Flagellum of second pair of antennee rudimentary. Second pair of antennze alittle loncersthanwirs® palreessers = eeee eee aa eee 46. Edotea. 41. CHIRIDOTEA Harger. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF CHIRIDOTEA. a. Species large, elongate-ovate. Outer ramus of uropoda (opercular valves) minute. Joints of peduncle of antenne greatly dilated; flagellum 7-8 jointed; antero- Cervicalelobes prominent === se ee 98. Chiridotea sabini (Kreyer). a’. Species small, orbiculate-ovate. Outer ramus of uropoda at least half as long as inner. b. Antenne little longer than antennules; flagellum seven-jointed. Eyes incon- spicuous. Antennules longer than peduncle of antenne. 99. Chiridotea ceca (Say). L’. Antennee twice as long as antennules; flagellum twelve-jointed. Eyes usually distinct. Antennules do not surpass peduncle of antennze. 100. Chiridotea tufisii (Stimpson). 98. CHIRIDOTEA SABINI (Kryer). Idotea sabini Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. (2), II, p. 401.—Reinnarpt, Fortegnelse over Gronlands Krebsdyr, 1857, p. 34.—LitrKrn, List of Crust. of Greenland in Arctic Manual, 1875, p. 149.—Sars, Arch. f. Math. og Naturvidensk., II, 1877, p. 350. Chiridotea megalura G. O. Sars, Archiv. f. Math. og Naturvidenskab., IV, 1880, p. 432. Glyptonotus sabini Mimrs, Jour. Linn. Soc. Lond., X VI, 1883, p. 15-17, pl. 1, fig. 3-).—AXEL OnLIN, Bidrag till kinnedomen om Malakostrakfaunan i Baffin Bay och Smith Sound, 1895, p. 13-14.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXI, 1899, p. 844. Chiridotea sabini StEBBinc, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), V, 1900, p. 14. Habitat.—Davis Straits; Repulse Bay, North America; Cape Dud- ley Digges; Cape Faraday; 73° 43’ N. lat., 78° 48’ W. long.; 71° 57’ N. eee ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—R ICHARDSON. 539 late. 78° 56° W: loner say 49! N. fata T3B° W. (Gne ; 66° 33’ N. lat., 61° 50! 7 oe circumpolar. Depth.—Surface to 25 fathoms. 99. CHIRIDOTEA CECA (Say). Idotea ceca Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phil., 1, 1818, p. 424.—Mrtnr-Epwarps, Hist. nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 13 eee: Iconog., Crust., 1848, p. 35.— VeERRILL, Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1.— Haraer, Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 569 (275), pl. v, fig. 22. Chiridotea cceca Hater Ame wWoursiscl, “Vi, 1878; p: 3/4; Proc: U.S: Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 159; Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 338-340, pl. rv, figs. 16-19. Glyptonotus cecus Mrirrs, Jour. Linn. Soc. Lond., X VI, 1883, pp. 17, 18. Habitat.—Florida; New Haven, Connecticut; Long Island Sound; Vineyard Sound; Nantucket, Provincetown, Nahant, Massachusetts; Halifax, Nova Scotia. Depth.—F¥ound on surface. 100. CHIRIDOTEA TUFTSII (Stimpson). Idotea tuftsii Strrpson, Marine Iny. Grand Manan, 1853, p. 39.—VeErRILL, Proe. Am. Assoc., 1873, p. 362, 1874; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 340 (46).—Haramrr, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 569 (275). Chiridotea tuftsii HarcrmrR, Am. Jour. Sci., XV, 1878, p. 374; Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 159; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 340, 341, pls. tv, figs. 20-23. Glyptonotus tuftsii Mirrs, Jour. Linn. Soc. Lond., 1883, XVI, pp. 18, 19. fHabitat.—Bay of Fundy; Long Island Sound; Massachusetts Bay; Casco Bay, Maine; Princes Cove, Eastport; Halifax, Nova Scotia. Depth.—Surtace to 25 fathoms. 42. IDOTEA Fabricius. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF IDOTEA, aaa segment toothed or acute at its extremity. ». Body smooth, not tuberculate or rugose. Terminal segment with sides straight and slightly convergent to distal extremity, which is tridentate, with the postero-lateral teeth rounded and much less prominent than median tooth. Epimeral sutures of all the segments extend quite across the segments. Body striped, especially on males, with a median dorsal stripe of a lighter colomthanerestotpodye-c- =-s2-es- eee eee 101. Idotea marina (Linneeus). b’, Body rough and tuberculate. Terminal segment rounded off at posterior extremity to median terminal tooth, which is somewhat produced. Epi- meral sutures of second and third thoracic segments do not entirely cross the segments, but allow the rounded postero-lateral lobes of these segments to form a part of the lateral margin. Body not striped longitudinally in median dorsal line with lighter color.-..-.-- 102. Idotea phosphorea Harger. a’. Terminal segment subtruncate at its extremity.-....- 103. Idotea metallica Bose. 540 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VoL. XXIII. 1o1. IDOTEA MARINA (Linnzus) Oniscus marina Lixnmus, Fauna Suecica, 1761, p. 500; Syst. Nat., 12th ed., 1766, p. 1060.—Fasricius, Mantissa Ins., I, 1787, p. 241. Oniscus tridens Scopoi1, Entom. Carniolica, 1763, p. 415. Idotea entomon PENNANT, Brit. Zool., IV, 1777, p.38, pl.-xviit, fig. 5.—Leacn, Edinb. Enecycel., VII, p.404, pl. ccxx1, fig. 7; Trans. Linn. Soec., XI, 1815, p- 364. Oniscus halthicus PALLAS, Spic. Zool., (9) 1772, p. 67, pl. rv, fig. 6. Asellus marinus OurviER, Eneyel. Méth., IV, 1789, p. 254. Cymothoa marina Fasricius, Ent. Syst., II, 1793, p. 506. Cymothoa acuminata Fasricius, Ent. Syst., I, 1793, p. 508. Idotea marina Faprrictus, Ent. Syst. Suppl., 1798, p. 303. Idotea acuminata Fasricrus, Ent. Syst. Suppl., 1798, p.303.—Latreriie, Hist. Nat. Crust. & Ins., VI, 1803, p. 369. Stenosoma irrorata Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, p. 423.—Goutn, Rep. Invert. Mass., 1841, p. 338. Idotea tricuspidata Desmarest, Dict. des Sci. Nat., XX VIIT, 1823, p. 373, pl. xiv1, fig. 11; Consid. Crust., 1825, p. 289, pl. xiv1, fig. 11.—Rovux, Cr. de la Médi- terranée, 1830, pl. xxxrx, figs. 11, 12.—Govu.p, Rep. Geol. Mass., 11th ed., 1835, p. 549.—Mitne-Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, p. 129.—Lucas, Anim. artic. in Expl. Sci. Algér, Cr., I, 1849, p.60.—LitiseBore, Oefvers. Vet.—Ak. Forh., 1852, (9) p. 11.—M. Sars, Férh. Vidensk.-Selsk. Christ., 1859, p. 151.—Norman, Nat. Hist. Trans. Northumb., I, 1867, p.25; Rep. Brit. Assoc., 1868, p. 197.—Batre and Westwoop, Brit. Sessile-eyed Crust., II, 1868, p. 379, fig.—Sressine, Jour. Linn. Soc., Zool., XII, 1874, p. 148. Idotea basteri Aupourn, Explic. Planches in Savigny’s Egypte, pl. xu, fig. 6.— Roux, Cr. de la Méditerranée, 1830, pl. xxrx, figs. 1-10. Idotea variegata, Roux, Crust. de la Médit., 1830, pl. xxx, figs. 1-9. Idotea (Stenosoma) pusella Ercuwa.p, Reise auf dem caspisch. Meere, I, p. 138. Idotea irrorata MitnE-Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, p. 132.—Srimpson, Marine Iny. Grand Manan, 1853, p. 39.—Harcrr, Report U.S. Fish Com., Pt. 1, 1874, p. 569, pl. v, fig. 23; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Il, 1879, p. 160; Report U.S. Fish Com., 1880, Pt. 6, p. 348, pl. v, figs. 24-26.—VerriLL, Am. Jour. Sci., VII, 1874, pp. 131, 185; Proce. Am. Assoc., 1874, pp. 369, 371, 373; Rep. U.S. Fish Com., 1874, Pt. 1, p. 316. Idotea tricuspis DeEKay, Zool. New York Fauna, Cr., 1844, p. 42, pl. rx, fig. 35. Idotea brevicauda Dana, Am. Jour. Sci., VIII, 1849, p. 426; U.S. Expl. Exp., XIV, Cr. II, 1853, p. 702, pl. xiv1, fig. 4. Idotea slabberii Bos, Bijd. Cr. Hedrioph Nederl., 1874, pp. 35, 69, pl. 1, figs, 12, 13. Idotea baltica Metnert, Nat. Tidsskr., XF, 1877, p. 81. Idotea marina Migrs, Jour. Linn. Soc. Lond., X VI, 1883, pp. 25-31 (see Miers for synonymy). Tabitat.—Nova Scotia and Gulf of St. Lawrence to North Carolina; Bermuda; also Mediterranean, Black, and Caspian seas; west coast of Europe to Great Britain; shores of the Netherlands; in German Ocean and Baltic; on Scandinavian and Finland coasts; South America, at Desterro and Rio Janeiro, Brazil; New Zealand; Red Sea; Java. Depth.—Surface to 119 fathoms. ss, + a NO. 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 541 102. IDOTEA PHOSPHOREA Harger. Idotea phosphorea Harcer, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, p. 569 (275), Pt. 1; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1879, II, p. 160.—VeErritt, Am. Jour. Sci., 1874, pp. 43, 45, 131; Proc. Amer. Assoc., 1873, pp. 362, 367, 369, 1874; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt.1, p.316 (22).— Wuirteaves, Am. Jour. Sci., VII, 1874, p. 218.—Harerr, Report U. S. Com- missioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 347, 348, pl. v, figs. 27-29. Labitat.—Entire coast of New England to Halifax, Nova Scotia, and Gulf of St. Lawrence. Depth.—Surtace to 18 fathoms. 103. IDOTEA METALLICA Bosc. Idotea metallica Bosc, Hist. Nat. Crust., II, 1802, p. 179, pl. xv, fig, 6.—LATREILLE, Hist. Nat. Cr. et Ins., VI, 1803, p. 373. Idotea atrata Cosra, Fauna del R. Napoli, Cr., 1838, pl. x1, fig. 3. Idotea rugosa MitNnE-Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, p. 131. Idotea peloponesiaca Roux, Cr. de la Méditerranée, 1830, pl. xxx, figs. 10, 12. Idotea robusta Kroyer, Naturhistorisk. Tidsskrift, (2) II, 1846, p. 108; Voy. en Seand., Crust., pl. xxv1, fig. 3.—RerHarpt, Forteg. over Grénlands Krebs- dyr, 1857, p. 35.—Stimpson, Proce. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 133.—VERRILL, Am. Jour. Sci., 11, 1871, p. 360; Rep. U.S. Fish Com., 1874, Pt. 1, p. 489.—Har- GER, Rep. U.S. Fish Com., 1874, p. 569, pl. v, fig. 24; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., IT, 1879, p. 160; Rep. U.S. Fish Com., 1880, Pt. 6, p. 349, pl. v1, figs. 30-32. Idotea compacta Write, List. Crust. Brit. Mus., 1847, p. 95. Idotea algirica Lucas, Anim. artic. in Expl. Sci. Algérie, I, Cr., 1849, p. 61, pl. v1, fig. 2. Idotea metallica Marrs, Jour. Linn. Soc. Lond., XVI, 1883, p. 35-38 (see Miers for synonymy). Habitat.—Ott Maryland; Chesapeake Bay; North Carolina; New- port, Rhode Island; Long Island; Nantucket; Vineyard Sound; Woods Hole, Massachusetts; Georges Banks; Jeffries Bank; near Isles of Shoals; Halifax, Nova Scotia; La Have Bank; also Mediter- ranean Sea; between Greenland and Iceland; between Montevideo and Straits of Magellen; New South Wales; Borneo; off Cape Negro; Latitude Cove, Patagonia. Depth.—Surtace to 91 fathoms. 43. SYNIDOTEA Harger. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SYNIDOTEA. a. Terminal abdominal segment pointed at its extremity. 104. Synidotea nodulosa (Kroyer). a. Terminal abdominal segment emarginate or notched at its extremity. }. Outlines of thorax subparallel_.......--- 105. Synidotea marmorata (Packard). }’. Outlines of thorax strongly arcuate ....__-- 106. Synidotea bicuspida (Owen). 104. SYNIDOTEA NODULOSA (Kroyer). Idotea nodulosa Kroyer, Naturhist. Tidsskrift (2), II, 1846, p. 100; Voy. en Scand., Crust., 1849, pl. xxv1, fig. 2.—Rerryunarpt, Gronlands Krebsdyr, 1857, p. 34.—LUtrKen, Crust. Greenland, 1875, p. 150. HAD, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Synidotea nodulosa Hareer, Am. Jour. Sci., XV, 1878, p. 374; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 160; Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 351, 352, pl. v1, figs. 33-35. Hlabitat.—Southern Greenland; Halifax; Georges Banks; Arctic Seas and southward on Pacific coast as far as British Columbia. Depth.—16 to 119 fathoms. 105. SYNIDOTEA MARMORATA (Packard). Idotea marmorata Packard, Mem. Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist., I, 1867, p. 296, pl. vm, fig. 6.—WuitkaAves, Canad. Nat., 1875, p. 262. Idotea bicuspida Streets and Krinesuey, Bull. Essex Inst., IX, 1877, p. 108. (?) Idotea rugulosa BucnHoiz, Zweite Deutsche Nordpolart., II, 1874, p. 285. Synidotea bicuspida Hareer, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 160, Rep. U.S. Fish Com., 1880, p. 352, Pt. 6. Edotea bicuspida Miers, Jour. Linn. Soc. London, XVI, 1883, p. 66. Synidotea marmerata BENEpicr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1897, p. 392. Habitat.—Labrador; Grand Bank. Depth.—36 to 129 fathoms. 106. SYNIDOTEA BICUSPIDA (Owen). Idotea bicuspida Owen, Crustacea of the Blossom, 1839, p. 92, pl. xxvun, fig. 6.— Srreets and Kinesiey, Proc. Essex Inst., [X, 1877, p. 108. Idotea inarmorata Packard, Mem. Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist., I, 1867, p. 296, pl. vin, fig. 6. Idotea pulchra Locx1naton, Proce. Cal. Acad. Sci., VII, 1877, p. 45. Synidotea bicuspida Harcer, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1879, II, p. 160; Report U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 852-354.—A xEL Onur, Bidrag till Kannedomen om Malakostrakfaunan i Baffin Bay och Smith Sound, 1895, p. 14. fabitat.—Grand Bank; Sloop Harbor, Kynetarbuck Bay, Labrador; 66° 33’ N. lat., 61° 50’ W. long.; Arctic Seas; west coast of Alaska, north of Bering Straits; Kara Sea. Depth.—bd to 134 fathoms. 44. ERICHSONELLA! Benedict, new name. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF ERICHSONELLA. a. Surface of body smooth throughout. Outline of body regular. Antennulee short. Caudal segment shows but slight traces of a lateral tooth near its base on either'side2 232 4a ele een ees 107. Erichsonella attenuata (Harger). a’. Surface of body tubereulated. Outline of body serrate. Antennulee long. Cau- dal segment with a prominent lateral tooth near its base on either side. b. Large bifid tubercle on center of head. Median longitudinal row of tubercles on each thoracic segment. -.........------ 108. Erichsonella filiformis (Say). b’. Large tridentate spine on center of head. Median longitudinal row of tuber- cles on each thoracic segment, and a longitudinal row of tubercles on either side of median row on first four thoracic segments. 109. Erichsonella floridana Benedict, new species. ‘Proposed by Dr. James E. Benedict for the preoccupied Hrichsonia. NO. 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 543 107. ERICHSONELLA ATTENUATA (Harger). Erichsonia attenuata Haraer, Report U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 570 (276), pl. v1, fig. 27; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 160.— Verritt, Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 370 (76).—Hareer, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 356, 357, pls. v1, vil, figs. 36-37. Habitat.—Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey; Noank, Connecticut. 108. ERICHSONELLA FILIFORMIS (Say). Stenosoma filiformis Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., I, 1818, p. 424.—Mritne—Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., ITI, 1840, p. 134. Idotea filiformis Wuirn, List Crust. Brit. Mus., 1847, p. 95. : Erichsonia filiformis HarcEr, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 570 (276), pl. v1, fig. 26; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1879, II, p. 160.— VeRRILL, Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1874, Pt. 1, p. 316 (22).—Harcer, Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 355, 356, pl. vir, figs. 38-41. FHabitat.—Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey; Long Island Sound; Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts; Punta Rassa, Florida. Depth.—+4s to 7 fathoms. 109. ERICHSONELLA FLORIDANA Benedict, new species.! The body is long and narrow, broadest at the third and fourth seg- ments. The head is wider than long. long.; 78° 24’ N. lat., 74° W. long.; Inglefield Gulf; Murchison pound; Cape Faraday; 72° 38’ N. lat., 77° 10’ W. long.; 72° 8’ N. lat., T4° 20’ W. long. Depth.—5 to 150 fathoms. 118. ARCTURUS FEILDENI Miers. Arcturus baffini var. feildeni Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), XX, 1877, p. 64. Arcturus feildeni BENEpictT, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XII, 1898, p. 44. fHabitat.—Camp Clay, Cape Sabine; Davis Straits; off Churchill, Hudson Bay. Depth.—30 fathoms. 48. ASTACILLA Fleming. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF ASTACILLA. a. With eyes. Head excavate in front without rostriform point. Fourth thoracie segment subcylindrical. Terminal abdominal segment with a prominent, sub- acute tooth on each side, above the middle, directed outward and backward; Oxienouiivs ODUUSCHAS Says eee. Soe 119. Astacilla granulata (G. O. Sars). a. Without eyes. Head with a rostriform point in front, between the antennule. Fourth thoracic segment wider at the anterior end, and tapering to the posterior end. Terminal abdominal segment with a pair of teeth on each ALde- Cxiemilby ACUbe +6. Soc 55S-.--..:-..<.+ 129. Janira maculosa Leach. a, Anterior margin of head produced in the middle in a short sharp rostrum, and the antero-lateral angles of head also produced. }. Antero-lateral angles of head sharp. Lateral margins of first four thoracic seg- ments obtusely incised, each showing two broad angulations. Uropoda of female shorter than half the terminal segment. Those of male as long as terminal sepment Of DOdys—.- S-c a. .0- a-5<2 oc 130. Janira tricornis (Kroyer). 1’, Antero-lateral angles of head shorter and less sharp. Margins of first thoracic segment rounded, not emarginate. Uropoda alike in the two sexes, and as long as terminal segment of body .............- 131. Janira alta (Stimpson). 129. JANIRA MACULOSA Leach. Janira maculosa Leacn, Edinburgh Encyclop., VII, 1813-14, p. 434. Henopomus muticus Kroyer, Voy. en Scand., Crust., pl. xxx, figs. la-n; Nat. Tidsskr., Ny R., IH, p. 866.—Hansen, Vid. Medd. naturh. Foren. i Kjoebh., 1887, p. 190. Habitat.— 66-32) N: late; 55°) 34’ W. long; 72° 32! N. lat., 58° 51’ W. long.; also British Isles; Kattegat; Dutch Coast; coast of France; coast of Norway. Depth.—100 to 116 fathoms. 130. JANIRA TRICORNIS (Kréyer). Henopomus tricornis Kroyer, Voy. en. Scand., Crust., pl. xxx, figs. 2 a-q; Nat. Tidsskr. Ny R., II, 1847, p. 372.—Hansen, Vid. Medd. naturh. Foren. i Kjoebh., 1887, pp. 190-191. Habitat.—Kangerdluassuk; Sukkertoppen; Egesminde; 65° 11’ N. lat., 53° 33’ W. long. Depth.—») to 50 fathoms. 556 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, 131. JANIRA ALTA (Stimpson). Asellodes alta Stimpson, Mar. Iny. Grand Manan, 1853, p. 41, pl. 1m, fig. 30.— VerRILL, Am. Jour. Sci., VI, 1873, p. 439; VII, 1874, pp. 411-502; Proc. Amer. Assoc., 1878, p. 350, 1874. Janira alta Harcer, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1879, II, p. 158; Report U. S. Com- missioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 321, 322, pls. m—m1, figs. 9, eels Habitat.—Long Island; Massachusetts Bay; near Eastport, Maine; Gulf of Maine; Grand Manan; Bay of Fundy; 120 miles south of Halifax; Clarkes Ledge; 30 miles east of Sable Island. Depth.—35 to 300 fathoms. Family XVI. MUNNID. 55. MUNNA Kr@yer. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF MUNNA. a. Caudal segment with lateral edges evenly convex, and each armed with a single slender denticle; apical lamellee distinctly serrated. Eyes large. Superior antennze with flagellum composed of four joints, including very small apical joint. Flagellum of inferior antennze longer than peduncle. Last pair of legs scarcely longer than body. Legs slender. Uropoda obliquely truncate at bipirsses is hs hse ee ee eee eee 132. Munna fabricii Kreyer. a’. Caudal segment with lateral edges rather bulging in front, and each armed with four strong denticles; without any serrulated lamelle. Eyes small. Superior -antennze with flagellum composed of three joints, including very small apical joint. Flagellum of inferior antenne not attaining length of peduncle. Last pair of legs scarcely longer than anterior division of body. Legs shorter and stouter than usual. Uropoda produced at tip into several dentiform projec- tions, one of which is hook-like.-.._-.....-..-- 133. Munna kroyeri Goodsir. 132. MUNNA FABRICII Kreéyer. Munna fabricii Kroyer, Nat. Hist. Tidssk. (2), II, p. 380; Voy. en Sceand., Crust., pl. xxx1, figs. la-q.—Rerinnarpr, Groénland’s Krebsdyr., 1857, p. 35.—M. Sars, Christ. Vid. Selsk. Forh., 1858, pp. 154, 1859.—LirkKeEn, Greenland Crust., 1875, p. 150.—Haresr, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1879, II, p- 159; Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 325-328, pl. 10, fig. 14.—G. O. Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, Pts. 5, 6, pp.108, 109, 1896. TTabitat.—South Bay, Eastport; Casco Bay; Western Bank: Browns Bank; southern Greenland; also coast of Finmark; coast of Norway. Depth.—12 to 200 fathoms. 133. MUNNA KROYERI Goodsir. Munna kreyeri Goopvstr, Edinb. New Phil. Journ., X XXIII, p. 365, pl. vz, fig. 2.—Barr and Westwoop, Brit. Sessile-eyed Crust., II, p. 326. Munna whiteana BATE and Westwoop, Brit. Sessile-eyed Crust., II, p. 329. Munna kroyeri Hansen, Vid. Medd. naturh. Foren. i Kjoebh., 1887, pp. 194, 195.—G. O. Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, Pts. 5, 6, pp. 109, 110, 1896. Habitat.—Godthaab and Upernivik, Greenland; coast of Norway. Depth.—10 to 60 fathoms. NO. 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. 557 Family XVII. MUNNOPSIDE. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF MUNNOPSIDE. a. Head of moderate size, deeply emarginate on each side for the insertion of the antennee, frontal part produced. First four thoracic segments transversely excavated dorsally. Superior antenne with flagellum multiarticulate. Nata- tory legs of the same structure, carpal joint foliaceous. b. Body with anterior division much broader than posterior; three posterior segments densely crowded together. Caudal segment oblong-oval. Mandibles without any molar expansion; cutting edge but slightly dentated. First two pairs of legs of same structure, though somewhat different in size; two suc- ceeding pairs elongated. Dactylus wanting on natatory legs. _Uropoda simple, otal ieM let Copmec maya eae eae ree So an herein ss Borco 56. Munnopsis. b.’ Body with anterior division less sharply marked off from posterior; three posterior segments very large and broad. Caudal segment semioval. Man- dibles with molar expansion; cutting edge divided into strong teeth. First pairs of legs shorter than three succeeding pairs, which are subequal and very, much elongated. Dactylus distinct on natatory legs. Uropoda biramous, branchestsine es] oumiedm ant sapere cess Sree eee aera a 57. Eurycope. a’. Head very large and broad, transversely truncated in front, lateral parts greatly expanded. First four thoracic segments slightly excavated transversely. Superior antennze with flagellum not much elongated. First two pairs of nata- tory legs of similar structure, carpal joint large and expanded, cordiform; last pair much narrower than two succeeding pairs, carpal joint but slightly expanded. Caudal segment triangular in form -..........-.- 58. Ilyarachna. 56. MUNNOPSIS M. Sars. 134. MUNNOPSIS TYPICA M. Sars. Munnopsis typica M. Sars, Chr. Vid. Selsk. Forh., 1860, p. 84, 1861; Christ. Fjord Fauna, 1868, p. (70), pls. vi, vi, figs. 101-1388; Chr. Vid. Selsk. Forh., 1868, p. 261, 1869.—G. O. Sars, Chr. Vid. Selsk. Forh., 1863, p. 206, 1864; Reise ved Kyst. af Christ., 1866, p. (5); Christ. Fjord Dybvands-fauna, 1869, p. (44); Chr. Vid. Selsk. Forh., 1872, p. 79, 1873; Arch. Math. Nat., II, 1877, p. 353 (253).—BucuHoiz, Zweite Deutsche Nordpolfahrt, Crust., 1874, p. 285.— Heuer, Denksch. Acad. Wiss. Wien, XX XV, 1875, p. (14) 38.—Norman, Proce. Royal Soc., X XV, 1876, p. 208.—Mirrs, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), XX, 1877, p. 65.—HareeEr, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 159; Report U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 830-332, pl. 1m, fig. 11.— AXEL OnLIN, Bidrag till Kannedomen om Malakostrakfaunan i Battin Bay och Smith Sound, 1895, p. 18 (see Harger for synonymy ). Fabitat.—Bay of Fundy; Gulf of St. Lawrence; Baffin Bay; Davis Straits; Murchison Sound; 72° 8’ N. lat., 74° 20’ W. long.; 71° 57’ N. lat., 73° 56’ W. long.; Cape Napoleon, Grinnell Land; between Norway and Iceland; Christiania fiord; Christiania Sound; off Storeggen; Loffoden Islands; coast of Finmark; Spitzbergen; Arctic Ocean; Kara Sea. Depth.—5 to 122 fathoms, 558 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXT. bi. BURY COPE 1G, @: Sars: ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF EURYCOPE. a. Front of head produced to an acute rostriform projection. Base of head without short transverse ridge. First, second, third, and fourth segments smooth, and produced on each side to acute, anteriorly pointed lappets. Three posterior segments smooth, with antero-lateral angles acutely produced. Caudal seg- ment large, semioval in form, edges evenly curved, and perfectly smooth. 135. Eurycope cornuta G. O. Sars. a’. Front of head has appearance of rostral point caused by frontal margin extending between antennulee. Base of head with short transverse, tubercular ridge; two oblong, low tubercles situated behind peduncles of antennulz. First segment of thorax with transverse groove. Second, third, and fourth segments have deep transverse depressions, with a sharp spine on anterior portion of each segment, anda compressed protuberance on the posterior portion. Antero-lateral angles of each of these segments produced in short, sharp spines. Epimera of first segment has a single spine, of three following segments two spines each. Three posterior segments of thorax have each two spines, one on either side of median line. Spine at base of abdomen. At extremity of terminal segment is spine, on either side of which is a lateral triangular spine. 136. Eurycope caribbea Benedict, new species. 135. EURYCOPE CORNUTA G. O. Sars. Eurycope cornuta G. O. Sars, Chr. Vid. Selsk. Forhandl., 1863, p. 5. Eurycope robusta HarcEer, Am. Jour. Sci., XV, 1878, p. 375; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., I], 1879, p. 159; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 332-334, pl. m1, fig. 15. EHurycope cornuta G. O. Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, Pts. 9, 10, 1897, p. 145. Habitat.—Gulf of St. Lawrence; Atlantic coast of North America; also coast of Norway; Skagerak; Greenland; Kara Sea. Depth.—\19 to 220 fathoms. 136. EURYCOPE CARIBBEA Benedict, new species.! The head is much wider than long. From the point between the antennule a depression curves backward and outward to the post lateral margin. On the base of the head is.a short, transverse, tuber- cular ridge. Two oblong, low tubercles are situated closely behind the peduncles of the antennule. The sides of the head are swollen. The peduncles of the antenne and antennule occupy a space inclosed by the front and sides of the head; the margin surrounding these appendages is strongly raised. The front of the head running between the antennule has the appearance of a rostral point; here the raised margins unite in the narrowest place and then immediately diverge and extend downward perpendicularly and around underneath the appendages, where they meet and lap with the produced and bent antero-lateral projections. The first joint of the peduncles of the antenna is very stout, with 'The description that follows is from Dr, Benedict’s manuscript. No, 1222, ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHARDSON. DO” nujperous depressions and prominences; the fourth segment is very long; the terminal portions are broken in all the specimens. The first joint of the peduncle of the antennula is excavated on one side to receive the curvature of the antennal peduncle; the other segments of the peduncle are very small; the flagellum is long and slender, with a great number of articles. The first seoment of the thorax is very narrow; nearly the whole Fic. 29.—EURYCOPE CARIBBEA BENEDICT. surface is occupied by a transverse groove; on the median line and posterior ridge is a prominent granule; the antero-lateral angles of this segment are rounded. The second, third, and fourth segments are also short and have deep transverse depressions which are much narrower than the one in the first segment; on the median line of these segments the space between the groove or depression and the anterior margin is occupied by the compressed base of a sharp spine which is 560 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXTII. directed forward; between the depression and the posterior margin is a compressed protuberance; between the protuberances the transverse groove runs as a narrow cut rounded and enlarged at the bottom. The antero-lateral angles of the second, third, and fourth segments are produced forward in short, sharp spines. The epimera of the four anterior segments have projecting spines; the first having a single spine, the other three having two spines each. The three posterior segments of the thorax are very much the same as in /). fragilis; the spines on either side of the median line decrease in size successively. The spine on the base of the abdomen is short; there are two con- spicuous granules nearly in the center and bottom of the two long1- tudinal depressions. The extremity of the abdomen is formed by a decurved spine; the upper surface of the spine is concave; on either side of the base of the terminal spine is a lateral triangular spine; these lateral spines do not in any measure curve forward, as is the vase with “. fragilis. On the median line of the ventral surface of the thorax there is a sharp, curved spine on the first segment, prominent longitudinal ridges on the second, third, and fourth segments, and a spiny tubercle followed by four longitudinal ridges. The ridges are separated by transverse grooves on the coalesced fifth, sixth, and seventh segments. [Tabitat.—W indward Islands, West Indies. Depth.—b687 fathoms. Type.—Cat. No. 23911, U.S.N.M. 58. ILYARACHNA G. O. Sars: = 137- ILYARACHNA HIRTICEPS G._O. Sars. Ilyarachna hirticeps G. O. Sars, Forh. Vid. Selsk. i Christiania 1869, p. 167, 1870.—Hansen, Vid. Medd. naturh. Foren i Kjoebh, 1887, p. 195. Habitat.—66° 32' N. lat., 55° 34’ W. long.; 71° 10’ N. lat., 58° 56’ W. long.; 72° 41°-N. lat., 59° 50’ W. long. (Greenland). Depth.—100 to 227 fathoms. VT ONISCOLDEA., ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF ONISCOIDEA. a. Inner antenne with one to two articles. Pleopoda in five pairs; those of first pair wanting; those of the second, third, fourth, and fifth segments have a single branch, all branchial; the branch of the first segment, however, in the male, is produced on the inside in a long compressed stylet; pleopoda of the sixth segment form an inferior operculum. Family XVIII. Tyres (p. 561). a.’ Inner antennee with three articles. Pleopoda in six pairs, all double branched. External branch of the first five pairs opercular in character. Internal branch branchial, in the male, however, of the first and second pairs sexual. No. 1222. ISOPODS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST—RICHA RDSON. 561 6. Buceal mass not very prominent below. First maxillee have two plumose setze on the inner plate. Mandibles with molar expansion obsolete, without any triturating surface, it being replaced by brushlike recurved sete. c. External antenne generally long, close together, with antennal openings large. Body as a rule scarcely able to be contracted into a ball. Head less mani- festly immersed in first thoracic segment. Lateral parts of the head sep- arated by a vertical marginal and inframarginal line. Clypeus arched. Legs generally long. Uropoda produced, reaching beyond the terminal segment of the abdomen and the preceding segment. Terminal segment narrower than preceding ones and usually conically produced at end. . Family XIX. Ontscrp (p. 561). c’. External antennz generally short, with antennal openings small. Body able to be contracted into a ball. Head immersed in first thoracic segment. Lateral parts of the head undifferentiated. Clypeus perpendicular. Legs generally short. Uropoda short, not reaching beyond the terminal segment of the abdomen or the preceding segment. Terminal segment short and broandere eet ae See eee Family XX. ARMADILLIDID® (p. 569). 6’. Buccal mass prominent. First maxillee have three plumose setze on the inner plate. Mandibles with molar expansion large and broad, exhibiting a finely fluted triturating surface. c. Head without any lateral lobes, frontal part rounded. Eyes well developed or wanting. Inner antenne with last joint very small and without-distinctly developed sensory filaments. Posterior maxillze with two thic: hairy bris- tles. Maxillipeds with terminal part distinctly five-articulate, masticatory lobe truncate at tip, epignath short. External sexual appendages in male double. Inner branches of first pair of pleopoda of a similar structure in both sexes, that of second pair in male terminating in long stylet. Both branches of uropoda styliform .......------ Family X XI. Licim® (p. 574). c’. Head with distinct, though not very large, lateral lobes, front more or less produced. Eyes small or wanting. Inner antennze with last joint well developed and tipped with a number of delicate sensory filaments. Posterior maxille without any bristles. Maxillipeds with terminal part generally imperfectly articulated, masticatory lobe terminating in a thin lash, epignath narrow, linguiform. Sexual appendage of male simple; inner branch of both first and second pairs of pleopoda transformed for copulative purposes. Uropoda with branches conically tapered. Family XXII. Tricnoniscrp# (p.575). Family XVIII. TYLIDES. 59. TYLOS Latreille. 138. TYLOS NIVEUS Budde-Lund. Tylos niveus BuppE-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 278, 279. FHabitat.—Key West, Florida. Family XIX. ONISCID. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF ONISCID#®. a. External opercular ramus of the abdominal appendages containing no special | respiratory organ. Flagellum of external antenne triarticulate. b. Epimera of thoracic segments large, with all the posterior angles acute. Abdo- men not abruptly narrower than thorax. First two abdominal segments very short, three following ones large, with large acute epimera. Proc 5 50 22 cae coe ee ee ee 21 With a distinct white spot on the small cross vein and another at apex of third vein. Head, including its members, dark brown, thorax blackish brown, mesonotum gray pruinose, scutellum dark yellow, abdomen black, almost velvety, legs dark yellow, destitute of long hairs, knobs of halteres yellow, wings grayish hyaline, a darker stigmal spot, third vein beyond its base free from the first, at its middle coalescing for a considerable distance, first reach- ing three-fourths length of third, costal vein distinctly dilated at apex of first; lengtla. Pomme. 224 os xe Sets aie ee ee eae biguttatus, new species. A female specimen, collected June 6 by Mr. H.S. Barber. Washington, District of Columbia. Type.—Cat. No. 5473, U.S.N.M. . Thorax yellow. Yellow, sides of abdomen tinged with brown, second joint of hind tarsi two-thirds as long as the first, wings hyaline, third vein beyond its base narrowly separated from the first, at its middle coalescing for a short dis- tance, first reaching three-fourths length of third, costal vein at apex of first greatly dilated length. timmnsee ss = see eee eee melleus, new species. A female specimen, collected by Mrs. A. T. Slosson. Lake Worth, Florida. Type.—Cat. No. 5474, U.S.N.M. ne No. 1225, SOME NEW DIPTERA—COQUILLETT. 605 Thorax black, the anterior corners yellow. Head black, antennze and mouth parts brown, mesonotum gray pruinose, scutellum yellow, the middle brown, abdomen black, somewhat velvety, narrow hind margins of the segments yellow, legs dark yellowish, knobs of halteres brown, wings hyaline, third vein extending close to first and to costal vein, at its middle connected with first by a crossvein; length, 1 to 1-d:mm --_..2:.....2..- cinctus, new species. Three female specimens, collected by Mrs. A. T. Slosson, who writes that she braved their biting in order to collect them. Lake Worth and Biscayne Bay, Florida. Type.—Cat. No. 5475, U.S.N.M. 22. Hind tarsi each bearing a single very long claw which bears a small claw near basevotundersside empodianwanting.§= 2: 5204-2. seee.s- neo] ae ae see 25 Hind and other tarsi each bearing the usual pair of claws of an equal length. 23 23. Empodia wanting, last tarsal joint at least twice as long as the preceding --.. 24 Empodia large, obovate, last tarsal joint only slightly longer than the preceding. Head black, face, mouth parts, and antennee brown, hairs of male antenneze black, their apices yellowish, or almost wholly yellow, eyes contiguous; body black, the scutellum and genitalia of male brownish yellow, mesonotum slightly polished, knobs of halteres white, legs yellow, femora and tarsi not spined on under side, tarsal claws simple; wings hyaline, first vein nearly reaching middle of third, the latter beyond its base narrowly separated from the first, before apex of the latter connected with it by a cross vein, ending near three-fourths length of wing; fourth forking slightly beyond the small Crossiveim-wlene the 2 umm yas ears emeiram eee reece fusculus, new species. Three males and fourfemales. Washington, District of Columbia (May 12, F. C. Pratt); Riverton, New Jersey (April 30, C. W. Johnson); Mount Washington, New Hampshire (Mrs. A. T. Slosson); and Waldoboro, Maine (J. H. Lovell), Type.—Cat. No. 5476, U.S.N.M. 24. Mesonotum opaque, densely light gray pruinose. Head black, eyes contiguous, mouth parts and basal joint of antenne brown (remainder of antennze want- ing); thorax black, pleura thinly gray pruinose, scutellum brownish yellow, abdomen brown, rather densely whitish pruinose, legs blackish brown, tarsi yellow, apex of each joint and whole of last one black, claws very long, nearly straight, and with a pair of small claws near their bases, last tarsal joint bear- ing many long spinous bristles on the under side, femora slightly thickened toward their apices, each bearing 3 or 4 short spinous bristles toward apex of under side; wings hyaline, first vein almost reaching middle of third, the lat- ter widely separated from the first, before apex of latter connected with it by a cross vein, reaching about five-sixths length of wing, fourth forking slightly before the small cross vein; length, 3.5 mm ......---- schwarzti, new species. A female specimen, collected May 5 by Mr. E. A. Schwarz, for whom this fine species is named. Sharpsburg, Texas. Cat. No. 5477, U.S.N.M. Type. Mesonotum somewhat polished but roughened, slightly rugose and granulose, not pruinose. Head brown, eyes widely separated, antennze brown, the basal joint and mouth parts yellow; body black, halteres dark brown, legs yellow, apices of hind femora and of their tibize black, front femora noticeably thick- ened, each bearing about 5 short spines on the under side, middle and hind femora considerably thickened near the apex, each bearing two or three | spines on the under side, last tarsal joint fringed along each side below with stout and rather long bristles, claws long, simple; wings hyaline, first vein 606 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. reaching about to middle of the third, the latter widely separated from the first, only connected by a cross vein, apex of third near seven-eighths length of wing, fourth forking slightly before the small cross vein; length, 2 mm. subasper, new species. Two female specimens. Marlboro, Maryland (May 13, H. 8. Barber), and Mesilla, New Mexico (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 5478, U.S.N.M. 25. Front and middle tarsi each furnished with the usual pair of claws, of an equal length and not toothed |< 52..5- Aes ee Sse es ee ee 26 Front and middle tarsi each furnished with a single very long claw, which bears a small one near base of under side, last tarsal joint about twice as long as the preceding, femora destitute of spinous bristles, first vein reaching one-fifth length of the third, the latter separated but connected by a crossvein, apex of third near three-fourths lenpth of wing? 5522-52 see eee once aoe ee 27 26. Wings marked with three brownish spots or bands, the first near center of first basal cell, the second beginning at basal part of third vein and extending to apex of lower branch of fifth, the last beginning on costa beyond apex of third vein and extending into the second posterior cell; alsoasmall brownish spot near center ofanalcell. Headand firstantennal joint brownish black, remainder of antennze yellow, the apex brown, the hairs yellow, tipped with brown; eyes contiguous; thorax black, mesonotum opaque, densely gray pruinose and marked with large, mostly confluent spots and isolated dots of brown; scutellum yellow, the front corners brown; abdomen polished, black, basal half of the dorsum yellowish, knobs of halteres whitish; legs brownish black, tarsi yellow, femora destitute of spinous bristles on the under side, hind tarsi on under side bearing a spine at base of first joint and a pair at apices of first two joints, last two joints of nearly an equal length, destitute of spinous bristles; first vein reaching about to middle of the third, the latter separated but connected by a crossvein; apex of third near three-fourths length of wing, fourth forking slightly beyond the small crossvein; length; nearly 2am: 2! 3525-2 see ne nebulosus, new species. A male specimen, collected June 19 by Mr. C. W. Johnson. Riverton, New Jersey. Type.—Cat. No. 5479, U.S.N.M. Wings unmarked, hyaline. Brownish black, knobs of halteres whitish, tarsi yellow; joints three to five of antennz broader than long, eyes very widely separated, mesonotum and abdomen highly polished, femora and tarsi destitute of spinous bristles on the under side, last tarsal joint almost twice as long as the preceding; first vein almost reaching middle of the third, the latter lying close to the first, with which it is connected by a crossvein; apex of third almost at two-thirds length of wing, lower branch of fourth obliterated at its base; length, Lirias s...2,56.293 shee tet ee eae ne es See errata politus, new species. A female specimen, collected April 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts. Cat. No. 5480, U.S.N.M. 27, Abdomen eréeen . 2255.28. bs el i ae eee 28 Abdomen black. Black, the antennz and legs yellow, first joint of antennze and the mouth parts yellowish brown, middle and hind cox and their femora brown; eyes contiguous, antenne nearly as long as the head and body, each joint, except the first, over twice as long as broad, mesonotum and abdomen highly polished, last joint of each tarsus bearing a transverse pair of blunt spines near base of under side; wings hyaline, fourth vein forking far beyond the. small crossvein; lengthy 1.5 mam. 23. see one eee ee antennalis, new species. Two females, collected by the writer in June. District of Columbia. Type.—Cat. No. 5481, U.S.N.M. a a ln a al he Type. NO, 1225. SOME NEW DIPTERA—COQUILLETT. 607 28. Thorax and scutellum black. Head and its members yellow, eyes contiguous, antennze, last tarsal joint, wings, and fourth vein as in the preceding species, mesonotum highly polished, halteres and legs light yellow; length, 1.5 mm, diversus, new species, W. Johnson. Riverton, New ‘ A female specimen, collected July 3 by Mr. C. Jersey. - 7 ~ >) Y ‘ T Type.—Cat. No. 5482, U.S.N.M. Thorax and scutellum green. Head, eyes, antennze, last tarsal joint, wings, and fourth vein as in the preceding species; abdomen marked with a transverse pair of elongate, velvet black spots on the third and fifth segments; halteres . and legs light yellow, apices of hind femora and of their tibize black; length, aM ONE, ee Se ae Pe A egret Soe ee Re Bien a Se ee viridis, new species. A female specimen, collected June 16 by Mr. C. W. Johnson. Riverton, New Jersey. Type.—Cat. No. 5483, U.S.N.M. CHIRONOMUS BRACHIALIS, new species. Male.—Head black, the face brownish yellow, mouth parts brown, first joint of antenne black, the others yellow, hairs of antenne pale yellow changing into white at their apices; thorax and scutellum black, polished; abdomen yellow, middle of dorsum of second segment, pro- longed to the lateral margin at the hind end, on the front end extend- ing entirely around the segment, narrow bases of the three succeeding segments and whole of the following ones, including the genitalia, brown; legs yellow, apex of front femora, front tibiz and their tarsi except basal two-thirds of first joint, knees of other legs, apices of their tibiz, sutures of first three tarsal joints and whole of the two following brown, front tarsi fringed with rather long hairs on outer side of second and third joints; wings bare, the basal portion hyaline and with yellow veins, the remainder grayish hyaline and with brownish veins, an indistinet darker brown spot on the small crossvein; halteres yellow. Length, 5 mm. Female.—As in the male except that the first antennal joint is yellow, broad humeral region tinged with yellow, second and three following abdominal segments largely brownish (front tarsi wanting), wings with a broad brown crossband which in its outer portion includes the small crossvein. Two males and one female, collected June 27 by Mr. C. W. Johnson. Habitat.—W estville, New Jersey. Type.—Cat. No. 5484, U.S.N.M. CHIRONOMUS TAENIAPENNIS, new species. Yellow, tinged in places with green, especially on the abdomen, mouth parts, apical half of the femora, bases of front and middle tibise and nearly the whole of the hind ones brown, metanotum marked with a transverse pair of triangular brown spots; wings whitish, the costal cell from humeral crossvein to apex of auxiliary vein, a crossband 608 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. extending from the latter point to hind margin of wing where it is greatly dilated, finally the apical fourth of wing black. Length, 4mm. Two female specimens. Habitat.—Andover, Massachusetts (June 14); and Delaware Water Gap, New Jersey (July 11, C. W. Johnson). Type.—Cat. No. 5485, U.S.N.M. CHIRONOMUS NITIDULUS, new species. Head black, mouth parts yellow, antennz except the basal joint yel- low, the hairs whitish; body black, polished, the first two abdominal segments and the claspers yellow; legs yellow, the femora except their bases, front tibizee wholly, and apices of hind ones brown, front tarsi bare; wings bare, whitish hyaline, the veins brown, halteres yel- low; length, 2.6 mm. A male specimen, collected May 14 by Mr. C. W. Johnson. Habitat.—Riverton, New Jersey. Type.—Cat. No. 5486, U.S.N.M. ORTHOCLADIUS PAR, new species. ‘ Yellow, the antenne except the basal joint, apices of front femora, ot their tibie and of their first two tarsal joints, the whole of the remaining joints, also the last two on the other tarsi, brown, a pair of rather large black spots on abdominal segments 2 to 11; mesonotum marked with three darker yellow vitte, hairs of antenne bright yel- low, becoming brownish at their apices; front tarsi destitute of long hairs, the fourth joint more than one-third as long as the first; wings bare, whitish hyaline, the portion in front of the first and third veins dark gray, the veins brownish; length, 6 mm. A male specimen, col- lected July 3 by Mr. C. W. Johnson. Habitat.—Riverton, New Jersey. Type.—Cat. No. 5487, U.S.N.M. EURYCNEMUS SCITULUS, new species. Yellow, the palpi, apices of antenne, four vittee on the mesonotum, a small spot below and slightly in front of each wing, the metanotum except the upper margin and sides, a broad fascia at base of abdominal segments 2 to 7, the knees, apices of tibiz and of the tarsal joints, dark brown; mesonotum subopaque, front tarsi bare; wings almost wholly covered with brown hairs, grayish hyaline, the portion in front of the first and third veins pale brown, veins brown; length, 4 mm. A female specimen, collected April 30 by Mr. C. W. Johnson. LTabitat.—Riverton, New Jersey. Type.—Cat. No. 5488, U.S.N.M. NO. 1225. SOME NEW DIPTERA—COQUILLETT. 609 TANYPUS JOHNSONI, new species. Male. —Y ellow, the scutellum, halteres, and tarsi white, apical joint of the latter, a band before apex of each femur and near base of each tibia brown, abdomen whitish, each segment with an irregular brown mark, composed principally of two median vitte and a poste- rior arcuate fascia, most distinct on the median segments, on the apical ones expanded so as to cover nearly the entire dorsum; hairs of antenne mixed pale yellow and brown, their apices chiefly whitish, mesonotum opaque, whitish pruinose, in certain lights three dark yel- low vitte are visible; front tarsi clothed with very short hairs, the first joint two-thirds as long as the tibia; wings whitish hyaline, almost wholly covered with yellow hairs, humeral cross vein bordered with brown, a broad pale brownish fascia crosses the wing just before the small cross vein, and a second slightly broader one at apex of first vein, fifth vein forking a short distance before the small cross vein; length, 3.5 mm. Female.—Ditfers from the male as follows: Abdomen with dark yel- low mottlings, destitute of brown markings, hairs of antenne whitish, vitte of mesonotum more distinct; length, 8 mm. A specimen of each sex, collected June 17 and 18 by Mr. C. W. Johnson. Habitat.—Riverton, New Jersey. Type.—Cat. No. 5489, U.S.N.M. TANYPUS BIFASCIATUS, new species. Male.—Difters from johnsoni as follows: Front corners of scutellum brown, apical joint of tarsi white, no brown band on femora nor on tibize, brown of abdomen contined to a fascia at base of segments 2 to 6 and middle of dorsum of the seventh (front tarsi wanting), hairs of wings chiefly brown, humeral cross vein not bordered with brown, the first fascia lies beyond the small cross vein; length, + mm. Female.—Hairs of antenne whitish, abdomen yellow, destitute of brown markings, otherwise as in the male; length, 2.5 mm. A specimen of each sex. Habitat.—Riverton, New Jersey (April 30, C. W. Johnson); and Boston, Massachusetts. Type.—Cat. No. 5490, U.S.N.M. Faminry EMPIDID/. EMPIS TRIDENTATA, new species. Head black, gray pruinose, front of male at narrowest point less than width of lowest ocellus; antenne black, the first two joints yellow, Prog. No Mi. vole 39 610 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, the third slightly over four times as long as wide, gradually tapering to the apex, nearly four times as long as the style, palpi and proboscis yellow, the latter almost twice as long as height of head; thorax yel- low, a large black, gray pruinose spot in middle of hind part of meso- notum, sending three long prongs toward the head, the median one subopaque, the lateral ones polished, three small black spots beneath insertion of each wing, and a fourth bordering the mesothoracie spir- acle and prolonged backward almost to the wing, hairs and bristles of thorax black, scutellum yellow, the base in the middle black, bearing four bristles; abdomen polished, yellow, bases of segments 2 to 4 or 5 usually black, most extended in the female, central filament of male hypopygium very sinuous; legs yellow, apices of tarsi brown, middle and hind femora beset with spinous bristles on the under side; wings hyaline, stigma brown, a brown cloud on base of upper branch of third vein, another on vein at base of second posterior cell, and one above forking of second and third veins; length, 5 to 6.5 mm. Two males and one female, collected June 12 by Mr. C. W. Johnson. Habitat.—Delaware County, Pennsylvania. Type.—Cat. No. 5491, U.S.N.M. RHAMPHOMYIA CLAUDA, new species. Male.—Head black, gray pruinose, eyes contiguous, antenne black, the third joint five times as long as broad, nearly five times as long as the style, mouth parts brown, proboscis scarcely longer than height of head; thorax and scutellum black, opaque, gray pruinose, hairs and bristles black, scutellum bearing four bristles, abdomen dark brown, subopaque, hairs brown, hypopygium small, upper pieces usually yel- low, gibbous, a clavate projection tipped with bristles in front of each clasper about half as long as the latter, central filament usually free except at apex, widely dilated near the middle; legs yellow, apices of tarsi, nearly the whole of hind ones, and sometimes of middle ones, hind femora except their bases, also a spot on under side of the hind trochanters, brown, all coxe and greater part of femora sometimes brown; hind femora each greatly enlarged toward the apex, dilated before apex of anterior under side where it bears many black hairs; hind tibize greatly bent inward at the middle, suddenly dilated later- ally on the basal third, bearing a small rounded lobe on the anterior inner side at one-fifth length of tibia from the base, beyond which is a large concavity reaching almost to middle of tibia; wings hyaline, veins brownish, stigma pale gray, sixth vein prolonged to the wing margin; halteres yellow; length 3.5 to4 mm. Two specimens. Flabitat.—Clementon, New Jersey (May 10, C. W. Johnson); and Mount Washington, New Hampshire (Mrs, A. T. Slosson). Type.—Crt. No. 5492, U.S.N.M. No. 1225. SOME NEW DIPTERA—COQUILLETT. 611 RHAMPHOMYIA DIVERSA, new species. Female.—Head black, gray pruinose, antenne black, the third joint oval, scarcely one-half longer than broad, about three times as long as the style, mouth parts dark brown, proboscis scarcely longer than height of head; thorax black, opaque, gray pruinose, marked on mes- onotum with three black vitte, hairs and bristles black; scutellum black, gray pruinose, bearing four bristles; abdomen dark brown, sub- opaque, thinly gray pruinose, the hairs black; legs brown, the knees yellow, middle and hind femora ciliate on their upper and under sides, the hind tibiz on their outer and inner sides with short flattened bris- tles; wings pale brown, darker in the costal and marginal cells, vena- tion normal, sixth vein prolonged to the wing margin; halteres yellow; length, 4.5 mm. A single specimen, collected May 9 by Mr. C. W. Johnson. Habitat.—Clementon, New Jersey. Type.—Cat. No. 5493, U.S.N.M. [RHAMPHOMYIA MACRURA Cogquillett, 1900, not Loew, 1871. Change name to 2. clavator Coquillett, new name. | Family SYRPHID. CRIORHINA KINCAIDI, new species. Head black, gray pruinose, a large brown pruinose spot above the antenne, center of front and the cheeks polished, eyes at narrowest part of front as widely separated as the posterior ocelli, first two joints of antennze black, the second slightly shorter than the first, but slightly longer than the third which is brownish yellow and about twice as wide as long, arista black, face deeply concave on its upper part, then strongly convex and with a prominent, rounded central tubercle, nar- row sides of face along the eyes densely covered with long yellowish hairs, proboscis rather slender, rigid, the portion beyond the basal articulation slightly over half as long as height of head, narrow at the apex; thorax and scutellum black, densely yellow pilose, the posterior half of the mesonotum except the hind angles black pilose; abdomen black, yellow pilose, the third and fifth segments and genitalia largely black pilose; femora black, densely covered with long, chiefly yellow hairs, the hind femora strongly arcuate, not as robust as the others, tibiz and tarsi brown, the hind tibiz strongly arcuate; wings tinged with pale brown along the veins, the base and stigma yellowish; length, 23 mm. A male specimen, collected by Prof. Trevor Kincaid, for whom this fine species is named. flabitat.—Seattle, Washington. Type.—Cat. No. 5494, U.S.N.M. §12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Family SCATOPHAGID. SCATOPHAGA NUBIFERA, new species. Head black, face yellow, the cheeks, face, and sides of front gray pruinose, occiput brownish gray pruinose, a broad vertical dark brown stripe on the upper half, a velvet black circle around the ocelli, fron- tal vitta deep velvety brownish red; antennz black, the first two joints and base of the third reddish yellow, arista bare, proboscis blackish, palpi yellow; body black, brownish pruinose, the hairs mostly yellow- ish, rather short and sparse, the dorsocentral bristles in front of the suture noticeably longer and stouter than the adjacent hairs, ptero- pleura hairy; hypopygium yellowish; coxee and femora black, apices of the latter, the tibize and tarsi reddish yellow, femora destitute of bristles, the hairs chiefly yellow, rather short and sparse on the mid- dle and hind ones, front tibiz destitute of bristles, middle tibiz each bearing one on the outer and two on the inner side below the middle, hind tibizw each with two bristles on the inner side below the middle and two rows of about four each on the outer side, besides those at the tip; wings grayish, small and hind cross veins clouded with brown; length, 7mm. Se eee. NO. 1225. SOME NEW DIPTERA—COQUILLETT. 617 yellow; all hairs and bristles except those of the calypteres black; wings gray, the extreme bases yellowish, apex of first vein consider- ably beyond the small crossvein; length, 5.5 mm. A female specimen, collected August 17 by Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell. Habitat.—Beulah, New Mexico. Type.—Cat. No. 5504, U.S.N.M. DRYOMYZA ARISTALIS, new species. Head light yellow, front polished, a brown fascia on its lower part, face, except on the sides, highly polished, blackish brown, antenne yellow, the third joint ellipsoidal, arista black, very thick at base, densely covered with long black hairs, clypeus not projecting, pro- boseis dark yellow, palpi yellowish, the apices brown; body reddish yellow, polished, one bristle and a few short hairs above each front cox, several short hairs on upper hind corner of the mesopleura, which is otherwise bare, pteropleura bearing one or two bristles anda few short hairs, sternopleura covered with short hairs but destitute of bristles; legs light yellow, a brown spot on apical portion of anterior side of each front femur, front tibiz and their tarsi black, apices of other tarsi brown; wings hyaline, base of submarginal cell slightly before base of discal, apex of first vein opposite the small crossvein; all hairs and bristles, except those on the calypteres, black; length, 7mm. A female specimen, collected by Mr. W. Hague Harrington. FHabitat.—Ottawa, Canada. Type.—Cat. No. 5505, U.S.N.M. Family PSILID. PSILA FRONTALIS, new species. Yellow, polished, the frontal triangle, reaching nearly to lower end of the front, black, polished, antennal arista and bristles of head and body black, the arista pubescent; antennz slightly over half as long as face, the third joint one-half longer than broad, eyes slightly higher than long; wings yellowish hyaline, the veins yellow; length, 3 to 3.5 mm. Two males and one female, the latter collected by Mrs. Annie T. Slosson. Habitat.—Franconia, New Hampshire. Type.—Cat. No. 5506, U.S.N.M. LOXOCERA FUMIPENNIS, new species. Head yellow, three spots on upper part of occiput, the front except the orbits, and the face except a triangular spot in middle of lower part, black; front subopaque, the large triangle highly polished, antenne linear, almost twice as long as the face, black, the second joint brown, arista nearly bare, yellow, the apical portion whitish; proboscis 618 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. reddish, the palpi yellow; body polished, slightly scabrous, reddish yellow, a median vitta on mesonotum and a dorsal spot on the first abdominal segment, black; legs reddish yellow, apices of tarsi brown; halteres light yellow; wings smoky gray, sometimes nearly hyaline in some of the cells, unusually short and broad; length, 4 to 5.5 mm. Four males and two females. Habitat.—Baldwin, Kansas (May, J.C. Bridwell); and Texas (Nathan Banks). Type.—Cat. No. 5507, U.S.N.M. Family DROSOPHILID. PHORTICA VITTATA, new species. Head yellow, a black ocellar dot, continued as a pale brown vitta attenuated anteriorly and reaching lower edge of the front, at which point is a black dot, a black dot beneath base of each antennez, one at base of each vibrissa extending as a pale brown streak on the adjacent cheek, a black mark above insertion of the neck, antenne and pro- boscis yellow, palpi velvet black; thorax and scutellum yellow, meso- notum polished, marked with 4 to 7 black vittee, pleura marked with a broad black median vitta; abdomen yellow, middle of dorsum largely brown or black, most extended on the hind margins of the segments, two lateral vitte, not visible from above, and apex of venter brown; legs whitish, a brown band near apex of each middle and hind femur; wings dark brown, becoming hyaline along the hind margin; halteres yellow; length, 3to4 mm. Three specimens. LHabitat.—Avalon (June 8), and Delaware Water Gap, New Jersey (July 12, C. W. Johnson); and New York (Nathan Banks). Type.—Cat. No. 5508, U.S.N.M. A LIST OF THE FERNS AND FERN ALLIES OF NORTH AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO, WITH PRINCIPAL SYNO- NYMS AND DISTRIBUTION. By Wiuiam R. Maxon, Aid in Cryptogamic Botany, Division of Plants. In all the literature relating to American ferns and the so-called ** fern allies,” there have hitherto appeared but two systematic treatises of sufficiently wide scope to include the entire territory of North America north of Mexico, namely, the Ferns of North America, by Prof. D. C. Eaton (1877-1880), and Our Native Ferns and Their Allies (in several editions, 1881-1900), by Prof. L. M. Underwood. The first of these, a monograph of two large quarto volumes, contains descriptions and colored figures of all species comprised in the groups known at that time as the orders Filices and Ophioglossaceae. The treatment is full but concise, the style clear, the figures for the most part excellent; and the work as a whole must be regarded as the founda- tion for all subsequent studies of North American ferns. Without its good influence it is unlikely that the present degree of progress could have been attained: but we should remember first of all that it represents a critical estimate of the groups as they were understood over twenty years ago, and that since its appearance there has elapsed a period marked by unexampled botanical activity and progress. There has been collected in the meantime abundant material of many species either entirely new or then represented in herbaria by mere fragments, and with the aid of these specimens careful studies have been accomplished in the light of which not only new specific names have been proposed, but many changes in the older definitions of spe- cies have been shown to be desirable. If, then, we recognize that there have been and must continue to be many departures from the treat- ment contained in Professor Eaton’s great work, we may escape that extreme conservatism which occasionally manifests itself in opposing innovation of almost any sort, and which regards the setting aside of an opinion there expressed as a proceeding hardly within the bounds of propriety. PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. XXIII—No 1226. 619 620 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VoL. XXIII, The cost of Professor Eaton’s volumes has been such, unfortunately, as to place them beyond the reach of a majority of fern students; and largely on this account it has remained for Professor Underwood’s attractive little book to really popularize the study of ferns within the United States. The first edition of the latter appeared in 1881, and was entitled Our Native Ferns and How to Study Them. It contained 116 pages, the first half being devoted to chapters on the haunts, habits, and distribution of ferns, their morphology and structure, methods of study, and the like; the remaining portion comprising a systematic arrangement of the groups treated by Eaton in his larger work. The second edition, made necessary by a remarkable demand for the first, appeared the following year under the slightly emended title, Our Native Ferns and Their Allies, preserving the general scheme of the former volume, but extending the systematic treatment to include the Equisetaceae, Marsileaceae, Salviniaceae, Lycopodiaceae, Selaginella- ceae, and Isoétaceae, which had merely been listed in the first edition. The third edition appeared in 1888, being practically an enlargement of the preceding. The fourth was issued in 1893, and contained a num- ber of nomenclatorial changes—notably the substitution of Dryopteris for Aspidium—to bring the nomenclature to the standard set by the ** Rochester code.” The fifth edition (1896), except for the addition of a few species, is practically like the fourth. The sixth and last, which appeared in June, 1900, is extensively remodeled in conformity with the author’s views as set forth in part in a Review of the Genera of Ferns proposed prior to 1832. The most notable changes have to do with matters of nomenclature, though the systematic arrangement is also considerably modified and the number of species increased. It is hardly to be supposed that further studies will not result in addi- tional changes; nevertheless nothing is more certain than that the present edition represents the most logical sequence of genera and the most reasonable estimate of our species that has yet been presented. Its general scheme has been followed closely in the preparation of the present paper. Owing to the fact that Professor Underwood's is essentially a popu- lar treatise, all citations are naturally and properly omitted. In the Ferns of North America, on the other hand, we have extensive but often incomplete bibliography under each species; but notwithstand- ing its incompleteness there has hitherto appeared no index of syn- onyms or compendium of any sort to take its place. The present list has been prepared, therefore, with the object of affording full citations for all the included species and for the more important synonyms. An especial effort has been made to insure the accurate citation of references to all original descriptions. It has been impossible to verify without exception every citation; but the number unverified is very 1Mem. Torr. Club 6: 247-283. 1899. NO. 1226. NORTH AMERICAN FERNS—MANXON. 621 small. The changes in the nomenclature of certain groups have been so extensive during the past few years as to necessitate devoting con- siderable space to their synonymy; but a constant aim has been to avoid the burden of useless bibliography. Such vernacular names as are in general use have been admitted, following the correct scientific name of the species and in the order of their importance. There is at least one other feature which has seemed to warrant the publication of this list in its present form, namely, the considerable amount of attention given nowadays to geographical distribution. Within the past twenty years we have had but three comprehensive lists relating to North American pteridophyta and dealing with this phase of fern study. The first of these, a Systematic Fern-list, was issued by Professor Eaton in 1880. Its scope is well explained in the supplementary title, A Classified List of the Known Ferns of the United States of America, with the Geographical Range of the Species. The disposition is practically that of the Ferns of North America. The second list, published by Mr. George E. Davenport in the Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society in 1883, applies only to the United States and Alaska. It contains an enumer- ation of the ferns only, some comparative tables showing their distri- bution state by state, and an interesting discussion of the range of certain species. The third, issued in 1895, by the Linnean Fern Chapter, as Linnean Fern Bulletin No. 9, is a list of the species of Pteridophyta of North America north of Mexico, without synonymy, but with distribution briefly indicated. These and the numerous other lists and papers mentioned below have been consulted in the preparation of this paper; but the ranges herein given have been determined chiefly by careful examination of the material in the U.S. National Herbarium, the herbarium of Columbia University, the herba- rium of the New York Botanical Garden, and, in certain genera, the D. C. Eaton herbarium at Yale University and the herbarium of the California Academy of Sciences. Few records unsubstantiated by specimens have been allowed. Many wrong identifications have been corrected, and the utmost care has been taken to eliminate doubtful records, whether of old or recent standing. The following summary will be found to contain a large proportion of the more important lists or extended papers on the distribution and systematic relationship of our species: 1829. Synoptical Tables of the Ferns and Mosses of the United States. Lewis C. Beck in the American Journal of Science 15: 287-297. 1840. Acotyledonae [of North America]. Sir W. J. Hooker, Flora Boreali-Americana 2: 258-270. 1843. Flowerless or Cryptogamous Plants [of New York State]. John Torrey, A Flora of the State of New York 2: 480-514. 1844. A Monography of the North American Species of Equisetum. Alexander Braun in the American Journal of Science 46: 81-91. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. 1847. 1848. 1859. 1860. 1878. On the North American Species of Isoétes and Marsilea. Alexander Braun in the American Journal of Science II. 3: 52-56. Notes on some Ferns of the United States. G. Kunze inthe American Journal of Science ITI. 6: 80-89. [ Equisetaceae, Filices, Lycopodiaceae, Hydropterides]. D.C. Eaton in Report on the United States and Mexican Boundary Survey 2!: 233-236. Filices [of the Southern United States]. D. C. Eaton in Chapman, Flora of the Southern United States ed. 1. 585-599. . Synopsis of Canadian Ferns and Filicoid Plants. George Lawson in Canadian Naturalist II. 1: 262-300. . Notes onthe Habitats and Varieties of some Canadian Ferns. David R. MeCord in Canadian Naturalist I]. 1: 354-362. . Filices [of the Northern United States]. D.C. Eaton in A. Gray, Manual of Botany of the Northern United States ed. 5. 655-672. . [Review of Katharine M. Lyell’s The Geographical Handbook of Ferns. ] D. A. Watt in Canadian Naturalist II. 5: 343-349. . Checklist of the Ferns of North America north of Mexico. John Robinson. . Geographical Distribution of the Ferns of North America. John H. Redfield in Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 6: 1-7. . Catalogue of the Davenport Herbarium. George E. Davenport. . Catalogue of North American Ferns. William Edwards. [Ed. 4. The third edition (1874) bears a slightly different title. A fifth edition appeared in 1879. ] Ferns of Kentucky. John Williamson. [A local fern flora of 155 pages, con- taining illustrations of the species, and brief chapters on the structure, culti- vation, collection, and study of ferns. ] . Catalogue of the ‘‘Davenport Herbarium’? of North American Ferns . George E. Davenport. . Ferns of the Southwest. D.C. Eaton in Report U. 8. Geographical Surveys West of One Hundredth Meridian 6: 301-340. [Volume 6 of this report is usually known as ‘‘Bot. Wheeler Survey.’’ It bears date of 1878, but appeared first in May, 1879. ] . Systematic Fern-list; a Classified List of the Known Ferns of the United States of America, with the geographical range of the Species. Daniel C. Eaton. . Vascular Acrogens [of California]. D.C. Eaton in Watson and Brewer, Botany of California 2: 329-352. 2. Ferns of the Pacific Coast, including Arizona. J.G. Lemmon. 2. The Genus Isoétes in North America. George Englemann in Transactions of the St. Louis Academy of Science 4: 358-390. $2. Ferns of the West. Marcus E. Jones. . Some Comparative Tables showing the distribution of Ferns in the United States of America. George E. Davenport in Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 20: 605-612. 3. Catalogue of the Davenport Herbarium. Supplement. George E. Davenport. 5. Canadian Filicineae. John Macoun and T. J. W. Burgess in Proceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada 2*: 163-226. 7. Notes on the American Species of Marsilea. L.M. Underwood and O. F. Cook in Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 14: 89-94. . Recent Additions to the Canadian Filicineae. ... . T. J. W. Burgess in Pro- ceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada 4*: 9-18. . The distribution of Isoétes. L. M. Underwood in Botanical Gazette 13: 89-94. . The Fern Flora of Canada. George Lawson. [This excellent work was re- issued later in the same year under the title A School Fern Flora of Canada as an Appendix (pp. 221—251) to How Plants Grow, by Asa Gray]. Se i:s rad une Nee pane es real NO, 1226. NORTH AMERICAN FERNS—MAXON. 623 1890. Catalogue of Canadian Plants. Part V. Acrogens. John Macoun. 1890. Vascular Acrogens or Pteridophytes [of the Northern United States]. D.C. Eaton in A. Gray, Manual of Botany of the Northern United States ed. 6. 675-701. 1895. Ferns and Evergreens of New England. Edward Knobel. 1895. The Pteridophyta of North America, north of Mexico. Linnzean Fern Bulle- tin No. 9, Willard N. Clute, editor. 1896. The Ferns and Fern Allies of New England. Raynal Dodge. [An excellent descriptive work of viii + 52 pages. ] 1896. Pteridophyta [of the Northern United States, Canada... . J. L. M. Under- wood in Britton and Brown, Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, ” -Canada ... . 1: 1-48. 1896. Ferns of Iowa and their Allies. T. J. Fitzpatrick. 1897. A Revision of the North American Species of Ophioglossum. Elizabeth G. Britton in Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 24: 545-559. 1898. Selaginella rupestris and its Allies. L. M. Underwood in Bulletin of the Tor- rey Botanical Club 25: 125-133. 1898. American Ferns: I; the ternate species of Botrychium. L. M. Underwood in Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 25: 521-541. 1899. How to Know the Ferns. Frances Theodora Parsons. [An extremely popular account of the ferns of the northeastern United States; pp. 215. ] 1900. A Review of the Species of Lycopodium of North America. F. E. Lloyd and L. M. Underwood in Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 27: 147-168. 1900. The Genus Isoétes in New England. Yow No. 1226. NORTH AMERICAN FERNS—MAXON. 641 Polystichum munitum imbricans (D.C. Eaton) Maxon, Fern Bull. 8:30, 1900. Aspidium munitum var. imbricans D. C. Eaton, Ferns N. Am, 1: 188. pl. 2 1878. California to British Columbia. Polystichum munitum inciso-serratum (I). C. Eaton) Underw. Our Na- tive Ferns ed. 6. 116. 1900. Aspidium munitum var. inciso-serratum D. C. Eaton, Ferns N. Am, 1: 188. 1878. California to British Columbia. Polystichum lonchitis (L.) Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 3:71. 1800, Hory FERN. Polypodium lonchitis L. Sp. Fl. 1088. 1753 Aspidium lonchitis Sw. Schrad. Journ. Bot. 18067: 30. 1801. Dryopteris lonchitis Kuntze, Rey. Gen. Pl. 2:813. 1891. Arctic America to Nova Scotia, southern Ontario, Wisconsin, Montana, and Washington, and in the mountains to Utah, Colorado, and California. Polystichum scopulinum (D. C. Eaton) Maxon, Fern Bull. 8:29. 1900. Aspidium aculeatum yar. scopulinum D. C. Eaton, Ferns N. Am. 2:125, pl. 62. f. 8. 1880. Washington to eastern Idaho, south to Utah and southern California. Also in Gaspé County, Quebec. Polystichum lemmoni Underw. Our Native Ferns ed 6. 116. 1900. Aspidium mohrioides of American authors, not Bory, Crypt. Voy. Duperr. 267. 1828. California to Alaska. Polystichum californicum (D. C. Eaton) Underw. Our Native Ferns ed. Oth. L900; Aspidium californicum D. C. Eaton, Proce. Am. Acad. 6 +555, 1865, Aspidium Cue maeee var. californicum D. C. Eaton in U. 8. Geog. Surv. W. 100th Merid. 6 : 336. 1879. Dryopteris aculeata var. californica (D. C. Eaton) Underw. Our Native Ferns ed. 4. 112. 1893. California to Washington. Polystichum braunii (Spenner) Lawson, Fern FI. Canada [19]. 1889. BRAUN’S HOLLY-FERN. PRICKLY-FERN. Aspidium braunii Spenner, Fl. Frib. 1:9. 1825. Aspidium aculeatum var. braunii DO, Rhein. Fl. 21. 1843. Dryopteris aculeata var. braunii (Spenner) Koch; Underw. Our Native Ferrs ed. 4. 112. 1893. Dryopteris braunii (Spenner) Underw. in Britt. & Br. Ilustr. Fl. 1:15. 1896. Nova Scotia to Alaska, south to British Columbia, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. Polystichum aculeatum (L.) Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 3:79. 1800. Polypodium aculeatum L. Sp. Pl. 1090. 1753. Aspidium aculeatum Sw. Schrad. Journ. Bot. 1800? : 37. 1801, Dryopteris aculeata Kuntze, Rey. Gen. Pl. 2: 812, 1891. California to Washington. Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii-—41 642 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. PHANEROPHLEBIA Presl, Tent. Pterid. 84. 1836. Phanerophlebia auriculata Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 26: 212. pl. 359. S: 3-4. pl. 360. f. 2.1899. Aspidium juglandifolium in part of recent authors, not Kunze; Klotzsch, Lin- naea 20 : 363, 1847. Arizona to Texas. TECTARIA Cay. Descr. Pl. 249. 1802. Tectaria trifoliata (L.) Cav. Descr. Pl. 249. 1802. Polypodium trifoliatum L. Sp. Pl. 1087. 1753. Aspidium trifoliatum Sw. Schrad. Journ. Bot. 1800? : 30. 1801. Dryopteris trifoliata Kuntze, Rey. Gen. Pl. 2: 814. 1891. Florida and western Texas. NEPHROLEPIS Schott, Gen. Fil. 1834. Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott, Gen. Fil. 1834. Sworp FERN. Polypodium exaltatum L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1548. 1763. Aspidium exaltatum Sw. Schrad. Journ. Bot. 1800? : 32. 1801. Florida. Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott, Gen. Fil. 1834. Aspidium biserratum Sw. Schrad. Journ. Bot. 1800? : 32. 1801. Aspidium acutum Sw. Syn. Fil. 46. 1806. Nephrolepis acuta Presl, Tent. Pterid. 79. 1836. Southern Florida. FILIX Adans. Fam. Pl. 2°90. 1763: Filix bulbifera (L.) Underw. Our Native Ferns ed. 6. 119.1900. Brap- DER-FERN. Polypodium bulbiferum L. Sp. Pl. 1091. 1753. Cystopteris bulbifera Bernh. Schrad. Neues Journ. Bot. 17:26. 1806. Newfoundland to Manitoba and Iowa, south to North Carolina, Alabama, and Arkansas. Also in Alaska. Filix fragilis (L.) Underw. Our Native Ferns ed. 6. 119.1900. BrirrLe FERN. BRITTLE BLADDER-FERN. Polypodium fragile L. Sp. Pl. 1091. 1753. Cystopteris fragilis Bernh. Schrad. Neues Journ. Bot. 1°: 27. 1806. Newfoundland and Labrador to Alaska, south to southern California, Arizona, Kansas, Alabama, and Georgia. Extremely polymorphic, but apparently presenting no geographic subspecies. Also in Greenland. Filix montana (Lam.) Underw. Our Native Ferns ed. 6. 119. 1900. Polypodium montanum Lam. F]. France. 1 : 23. 1778. Cystopteris montana Bernh. Schrad. Neues Journ. Bot. 1°: 26. 1806. Labrador and Quebec to British Columbia and Alaska, south to the northern shore of Lake Superior. Also in Colorado. Rare. NO, 1226, NORTH AMERICAN FERNS—MAXON. 643 ONOCLEA L. Sp. PI. 1062. 1753. Onoclea sensibilis L. Sp. Pl. 1062. 1753. Sensrrive FERN. Oak- LEAVED FERN. Newfoundland to Saskatchewan, south to Nebraska, Louisiana, and Florida. The var. obtusilobata of Torrey comprises plants of which one or more of the fertile fronds are more or less foliose. MATTEUCCIA Todaro, Syn. Pl. Acot. Vasc. Sicilia 30, 1866. Matieuccia struthiopteris (lu.) Todaro, Syn. Pl. Acot. Vase. Sicilia 30. 1866, Osmunda struthiopteris L. Sp. Pl. 1066. 1753. Struthiopteris germanica Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Bot. Berol. 1071. 1809, Onoclea struthiopteris Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. 2 : 11. 1795. Nova Scotia to Virginia, west to Iowa and British Columbia. WOODSIA R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. 1:158. 1810. Woodsia ilvensis (L.) R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Noy. Holl. 1:158. 1810. Rusty WOODSIA. Acrostichum ilvense L. Sp. Pl. 1071. 1753. Labrador to Alaska, south to North Carolina, Kentucky, and Minnesota. Also in Greenland. Woodsia alpina (Bolton) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2; 17. 1821. ALPINE WOODSIA. Acrostichum alpinum Bolton, Fil. Brit. 76. pl. 42. 1790. Acrostichum hyperboreum Liljeb. Kongl. Vetensk. Akad. Nya Handl. 14: 201. 1793. Woodsia hyperborea R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Noy. Holl. 1 : 158. 1810. Labrador to Alaska, south to Maine, Vermont, northern New York and western Ontario. Also in Greenland. Woodsia glabella R. Br. App. Frankl. Journ. 754. 1823. Central New York and Vermont to New Brunswick, westward in Canada to Brit- ish Columbia, northward to Alaska and Mackenzie. Also in Greenland. Woodsia scopulina D, C. Eaton, Can. Nat. I. 2: 91. 1865. Michigan and western Ontario to British Columbia, south in the mountains to Arizona and California. Also in Alaska. Woodsia oregana D. C. Eaton, Can. Nat. I]. 2: 90. 1865. British Columbia and Athabasca, to Manitoba, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Colorado, Arizona, and California. Also in Wisconsin and northern Michigan. Woodsia obtusa (Spreng.) Torr. Cat. Pl. in Geol. Rep. N. Y¥. 195. 1540. Polypodium obtusum Spreng. Anleit. Kennt. Gewiichse ed. 1. 3: 92. 1804. Nova Scotia to Wisconsin and Nebraska, south to Georgia, Alabama, and Texas. Also in Alaska and British Columbia. 644 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII. { Woodsia obtusa plummerae (Lemmon) Maxon, comb. nov. Woodsia plummerae Lemmon, Bot. Gaz. 7 : 6, 1882. Woodsia obtusa var. glandulosa D, C. Eaton & Faxon, Bull. Torr. Club 9: 50. 1882. New Mexico and Arizona. Woodsia mexicana Fée, 7"° Mém. Fam. Foug. 66. 1854. Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. DENNSTAEDTIA Bernh. Schrad. Journ. Bot. 18007: 124. 1801. Dennstaedtia punctilobula (Michx.) Moore, Index Fil. xevii. 1857. | Nephrodium punctilobulum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2 : 268. 1803. | Dicksonia punctiloba Hook. Sp. Fil. 1 : 79. 1846. | Dicksonia pilosiuscula Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 1076. 1809. | Nova Scotia and New Brunswick to Ontario and Minnesota, south to Georgia — and Alabama. | | | Family VI. MARSILEACEAE R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. 1: 166. 4 1810. MARSILEA L. Sp. Pl. 1099. 1753. : Marsilea quadrifolia L. Sp. Pl. 1099. 1753. Apparently indigenous at Bantam Lake, Litchfield County, Connecticut (Allen), though possibly adventive from Europe. Extensively introduced. Marsilea macropoda Engelm. Am. Journ. Sci. IL. 3: 56. 1847, Texas and New Mexico. Marsilea uncinata A. Br. Flora 22: 300. 1839. Louisiana; Dallas, Texas ( Reverchon). Marsilea vestita Hook. & Grey. Icon. Fil. 2: pl. 159. 1831. Marsilee mucronata A. Br. Am. Journ. Sci. II. 3: 55. teat f. 2. 1847. Arkansas and Texas to California, north to Washington, British Columbia, Mon- tana, and South Dakota. Also in Florida, Marsilea tenuifolia Engelm.; Kunze, Am. Journ. Sci. II. 6: 89. 1848. Pierdenales, Texas (Lindheimer); western Texas ( Wright). PILULARIA L. Sp. Pl. 1100. 1753. Pilularia americana A. Br. Monatsb. Kon. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1863: 435. 1863. PILLWORT. Several localities in California. Also in Arkansas (Vuttall) and Oregon (Leiberg). Family VII. SALVINIACEAE Reichenb. Consp. 30. 1828. SALVINIA Adans. Fam. Pl. 2: 15. 1763. ay Salvinia natans (L.) Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. 2: 1. Marsilea natans L. Sp. Pl. 1099. 1753. Bois Brulé Bottoms, Perry County, Missouri (Demetrio); central New York (Pursh). 95. SALVINIA. NO. 1225. NORTH AMERICAN FERNS—MAXON. 645 AZOLLA Lam. Encyc. 1: 343. 1783. Azolla caroliniana Willd. Sp. Pl. 5: 541. 1810. New York to Florida, Arizona, California, and Oregon. Azolla filiculoides Lam. Encyc. 1: 343. 1783. California. Probably of wider range. Introduced at Springfield, Massachusetts (A. A. Eaton). Family IX. EQUISETACEAE Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 281. 1803. _ EQUISETUM L. Sp. Pl. 1061. 1753. Equisetum arvense L. Sp. Pl. 1061. 1753. ComMMon HORSE-TAIL. Virginia to California, north to Newfoundland and Alaska. Also in Greenland. Very variable, apparently presenting no stable subspecies. Equisetum pratense Ehrh. Hannév. Mag. 1784: 138. 17s4. Nova Scotia to Alaska, south to New Jersey, Minnesota, Nebraska, and Colorado. Equisetum telmateia Ehrh. Hanndy. Mag. 1788: 287. 1783. California to British Columbia. Equisetum sylvaticum L. Sp. Pl. 1061. 1753. Woop norsk-TalIn. Newfoundland and Labrador to Alaska, south to Virginia and Nebraska. Also in Greenland. Equisetum palustre L. Sp. Pl. 1061. 1753. Marsu norskE-Tatn. Nova Scotia to Saskatchewan and Alaska, south to Maine, Connecticut, western New York, Illinois, Minnesota (?), and Washington. Equisetum littorale Kiihl.; Rupr. Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reich. 4: 91. 1845. JoINT-GRASs. Maine and Ontario to New Jersey and Pennsylvania, west to Minnesota ( Holzinger). Equisetum fluviatile L. Sp. Pl. 1062. 1753. Swamp HorsE-TAIL. TOoAp- PIPES. JOINT-GRASS. Equisetum limosum L. Sp. Pl. 1062. 1753. Nova Scotia to Alaska, south to Virginia, Kansas, and Washington. Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. Fl. Atl. 2: 398. 1800. Vancouver Island, British Columbia (Jyell). Also in southern California ( Davidson). Equisetum mexicanum Milde, Verhandl. k.-k. zoolog.-bot. Gesell. 12”: 1256. 1862. San Bernardino and Los Angeles counties, California. Equisetum robustum A. Br. Am. Journ. Sci. 46: 88. 184. New Jersey to Georgia and Louisiana, west to British Columbia and California. Equisetum hyemale L. Sp. Pl. 1062. 1753. Scourtnc-rusH. PIpEs. SHAVE-GRASS. Quebec and New England to Virginia, Texas, California, Washington, and Brit- ish Columbia. Equisetum laevigatum A. Br. Am. Journ. Sei. 46: 87. 1844. Smoorn SCOURING-RUSH. New Jersey to North Carolina and Louisiana, west to British Columbia, Oregon, California, and Texas. 646 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. | Equisetum variegatum Schleich. Cat. Pl. Helvet. 27. 1807. ; Arctic America, south to New Brunswick, New ie New York, Nebraska, and Nevada. Also in Greenland. i Equisetum scirpoides Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 281. 1803. ' Labrador to Alaska, south to New Brunsw ht Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Nebraska, Montana, and British Canuie Also in Greenland. Family X. LYCOPODIACEAE Michx. FI. Bor. Am. 2: 281. 1803. LYCOPODIUM L. Sp. Pl. 1100. 1753. Lycopodium selago L. Sp. Pl. 1102. 1753. Fir ciup-moss. Labrador to Alaska, south to Washington, Idaho, Michigan, northern New York, Vermont, Maine, and in the higher mountains to North Carolina. Also in Greenland. ae porophilum Lloyd & Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 27 : 150. pl. ». F. 6-7: 1900. Wisconsin; Indiana; Kentucky; Alabama ( Peters; Underwood). Lycopodium lucidulum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 284. 1803. Swaup EVERGREEN. SHINING CLUB- MOSS. Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island to Ontario and Minnesota, south to South Carolina, Tennessee, and Missouri. Lycopodium inundatum L. Sp. Pl. 1102. 1753. Boe cius-moss. Crow’s- FOOT. Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia to New Jersey, Pennsyl- vania, Hine Michigan, and Ontario. Also from W ashington to Alaska. Lycopodium inundatum bigelovii Tuckerm. Am. Journ. Sci. 45:47. 1843. Cape Breton Island and Noya Scotia to Vermont, Rhode Island, and New Jersey. Lycopodium chapmani Underw., nom. noy. Lycopodium inundatum var. appressum Chapm. Bot. Gaz. 3:20. 1878. Not Lycopodium selago var. appressum Desy. Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6:180. 1827. Lycopodium adpressum (Chapm.) Lloyd & Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 27:153. 1900. Lycopodium inundatum var. elongatum Chapm. Bot. Gaz. 3: -21. 1878. Not Lyco- podium elongatum Sw. Syn. Fil. 175. 1806. Massachusetts to Rhode Island and New York (Long Island), south to Florida, Alabama, and Louisiana. Coastal in its range, Lycopodium pinnatum (Chapm.) Lloyd & Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 27:155. pl. 3. f. 27-30. pl. 4 in part. 1900. Lycopodium inundatum var. pinnatum Chapm. Fl. So. U. 8. ed. 1. 600. 1860. Lycopodium alopecuroides var. pinnatum Chapm. Fi. So. U. 8. ed. 3. 638. 1897. Florida and Georgia to Mississippi. Lycopodium alopecuroides L. Sp. Pl. 1102. 1753. Long Island, New York (Clute) to Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi. Mainiy near Hie coast. Lycopodium carolinianum L. Sp. Pl. 1104. 1753. New Jersey to Florida and Mississippi. No. 1226. NORTH AMERICAN FERNS—MAXON. 647 Lycopodium annotinum L. Sp. Pl. 1103. 1753. STurF CLUB-MOss. Newfoundland and Nova Scotia to Mackenzie and Alaska, south to Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Minnesota, Colorado, Idaho, and Washington. Also in Greenland. Includes the form known as var. pungeis. Lycopodium clavatum L. Sp. Pl. 1101. 17538. RUNNING PINE. STAG- HORN EVERGREEN. Labrador and Newfoundland to Alaska, south to Oregon, Saskatchewan, M inne- sota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and southern New England. Lycopodium obscurum L. Sp. Pl. 1102. 1753. GRouND PINE. TREE CLUB-MOSS. Lycopodium dendroideum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 282. 1803. Newfoundland and Noya Scotia to North Carolina, Tennessee, Minnesota, and Montana. Also in Alaska. Lycopodium cernuum L. Sp. Pe 03 rti158. Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi; near the coast. Lycopodium sitchense Rupr. Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reich. 3:30. 1545. Labrador to northern New England, New York, and western Ontario. Also from Idaho and Oregon to Alaska. Lycopodium sabinaefolium Willd. Sp. Pl. 5:20. 1810. GRoUND FIR. Prince Edward Island, northern New England, and Ontario. Lycopodium chamaecyparissus A. Br. in Doll, Rhein. Fl. 36, 1845. Maine to Georgia and Minnesota. eK o Lycopodium complanatum L. Sp. PL 1104. 1753. Labrador and Cape Breton Island to British Columbia, south to Virginia, Indiana, Minnesota and Idaho. me o Lycopodium alpinum L. Sp. Pl. 1104. 1159. British Columbia to Alaska. Also in Greenland. PSILOTUM Sw. Syn. Fil. 187. 1806. Psilotum nudum (L.) Griseb. Abh. Kon. Gesell. Wiss. Gottingen 7: 278. 1857. Lycopodium nudum L. Sp. Pl. 1100. 1753. Bluffton, South Carolina ( Mellichamp); southern Florida. Family XI. SELAGINELLACEAE Underw. Our Native Ferns ediels 103: 188i. SELAGINELLA Beauv. Prodr. Aetheog. 101. 1805.* Selaginella selaginoides (L.) Link, Fil. Sp. Hort. Berol. 158, 1841. Lycopodium selaginoides 1. Sp. Pl. 1101. 1753. Selaginella spinosa Beauv. Prodr. Aetheog. 112. 1805. Labrador to New Hampshire, New York, Michigan, Saskatchewan, and Alaska, Also in Colorado and Greenland. Selaginella rupestris (L.) Spring in Mart. Bio Brass 172 118. 1840. Lycopodium rupestre L. Sp. Pl. 1101. 1753. New England and Ontario to Georgia, west to California, Idaho, and British Columbia. * A number of new species of the rupestris group have recently been described by Dr. G. Hieronymus, from western North America. (Hedwigia 39: 290 et seq. 1900). Although several of these will pr« ybably prove valid, it has been thought best, on account of insufficient material, to exclude all from the list. 648 ' PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATI ONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII, | Selaginella rupestris fendleri Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 95: 127. 1898. @ New Mexico and Colorado. Selaginella densa Rydberg, Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 7. 1900. Western Nebraska to Montana. } Selaginella bryoides (Nutt.) Underw. Our Native Ferns ed. 6. 138. 1900. Lycopodium bryoides Nutt.; 3aker, Handbook Fern Allies 35, 1887. Selaginella cinerascens A. A. Eaton, Fern Bull. 7: 33. 1899. Southern California. Selaginella watsoni Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 25: 127. 1898. High mountains of Utah, Nevada, and California. Selaginella mutica D. C. Eaton in Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 25: 128. 1898. New Mexico, Arizona, and Colorado. Selaginella tortipila A. Br. Ann. Sci. Nat. V. 3: 271. 1865. Macon County (J. Donnell Smith) and Broad River (Rugel), North Carolina; Caesars Head, South Carolina (J. Donnell Smith). Selaginella struthioloides (Presl) Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 25 : 132. 1898. Lycopodium struthioloides Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1 : 82. 1830. Selaginella oregana D. C. Eaton in Brewer & Wats. 30t. Cal. 2 :350. 1880. Oregon and Washington. Selaginella arenicola Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 25 :d41. 1898. Selaginella arenaria Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 25 : 129. 1898, not Baker. ~ Florida and Texas. Selaginella rupincola Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 25 : 129. 1898. New Mexico and Arizona. Selaginella bigelovii Underw. Bull. Torr. Club 25 : 130. 1898. Southern California. Selaginella douglassii (Hook. & Grey.) Spring, Mém. Acad. Brux. 24': 99. 1850. Lycopodium ovalifolium Hook. & Grey. Icon. Fil. 2: pl. 177. 1831, not Desy. Lycopodium douglassii Hook. & Grey. Bot. Misc. 2: 396. 1832. Northern California to British Columbia. Selaginella apus (L.) Spring in Mart. Fl. Bras. 12-119, 1840. Lycopodium apodum 1. Sp. Pl. 1105. 1753. Maine and Ontario to British Columbia, south to Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, and Texas. Selaginella ludoviciana A. Br. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV. 13:58. 1860. Louisiana (Drummond); Alabama (Mohr); Florida (Curtiss). Selaginella lepidophylla (Hook. & Grey.) Spring, Mém. Acad. Brux. 24° 272. 1850. Lycopodium lepidophyllum Hook. & Grey. Bot, Misc. 3: 106. 1832. Texas to Arizona. Selaginella pringlei Baker, Handbook Fern Allies 88. 1887. Chenate Mountains, Texas ( Nealley). Selaginella pilifera A. Br. Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. App. 1857: 20. 1857. Texas ( Wright). NO.1226. NOKTH AMERICAN FERNS—MAXON. 649 Family XII. ISOETACEAE Torr. Fl. State N. Y. 2:514. 1843. ISOETES L. Sp. Pl. 1100. 1753. Quitwort. Isoetes lacustris L. Sp. Pl. 1100. 1753. Labrador to the Lake Superior region and New Jersey. Isoetes paupercula (Engelm.) A. A. Eaton, comb. noy. Tsoetes lacustris var. paupercula Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 4:377. 1882. Tsoetes occidentalis Henderson, Bull. Torr. Club 27 :358. 1900. Colorado to California, Washington, and Idaho. Isoetes heterospora A. A. Eaton, Fernwort Papers 5. 1900. Jordan Pond, Mount Desert Island, Maine (Raid). Isoetes riparia Engelm.; A. Br. Flora 29: 178. 1546. Along the banks of the Delaware River in the following localities: Near Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania (Zantzinger; Durand)*; Camden, New Jersey (Parker; D.C. Eaton); Chester, Pennsylvania (7. C. Palmer); Wilmington, Delaware (Commons; Canby). Isoetes tuckermani A. Br. in A. Gray, Manual ed. 5. 676. 1867. Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Connecticut. Isoetes tuckermani borealis A. A. Eaton, Fernwort Papers 10. 1900. Labrador (Allen); Epping, New Hampshire (4. 4. Eaton); Mount Desert Is- land, Kennebago Lake ( Coville), and Oldtown (Harvey), Maine. Isoetes hieroglyphica A. A. Eaton, Fernwort Papers 10. 1900.+ Maine: St. Francis Lake; Moosehead Lake; Rangeley Lakes. Isoetes harveyi A. A. Eaton, Fernwort Papers 11. 1900. Oldtown and Mount Desert Island, Maine; Cambridge, Massachusetts ( Booft). Isoetes foveolata A. A. Eaton in Dodge, Ferns & Fern Allies New Eng. 38. 1896. Epping, West Epping, East Kingston, and Newmarket, New Hampshire (1. A. Eaton); Meriden, Connecticut (/. WW. Hall). Isoetes saccharata Engelm. in A. Gray, Manual ed. 5. 676. 1867. Banks of the Wicomico River, below Salisbury, and of the Nanticoke River, Maryland (Canby); Elk River, Maryland (7. C. Palmer); Four-Mile Run, near Washington, D. C. (Steele) . Isoetes saccharata reticulata A. A. Eaton in Steele, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 14: 49. 1901. Hunting Creek, near Alexandria, Virginia (Coville & Vasey; Maxon). Isoetes saccharata palmeri A. A. Eaton in Steele, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 14:49. 1901. Lloyds Creek, Maryland (7. C. Palmer); Mount Vernon, Virginia (Coville). Isoetes melanospora Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sei. 3 : 395. 1877. Georgia: Stone Mountain, (Canby; Underwood; Boynton); Little Stone Mountain, Lithonia (Small). * Locality now apparently destroyed by improvements.—4A. A. Eaton. +The Robinson & Schrenk, Quiddy Viddy Lake, Newfoundland, specimens are probably to be referred here.—A. A. Eaton. 650 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Isoetes echinospora braunii (Durieu) Engelm. in A. Gray, Manual ed. 5. 676. 1867. Isoetes braunti Durieu, Bull. Soe. Bot. France 11: 101. 1864. Tsoetes echinospora var. boottii Engelm. in A. Gray, Manual ed. 5. 676. 1867. Labrador and Greenland to Alaska, southward to New England, New Jersey,, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Utah, and southern Washington. Isoetes echinospora robusta Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 4: 380, 1882. Isle La Motte in Lake Champlain (Pringle); Epping, New Hampshire (4. A. Eaton). Isoetes echinospora muricata (Durien) Engelm. in A. Gray, Manual ed. 5. 676. 1867. TIsoetes muricata Durieu, Bull. Soe. Bot. France 11 : 100. 1864. Near the St. John at Madawaska, Maine ( Fernald); Rockingham County, New Hampshire (4. A. Eaton); near Boston, Massachusetts; Lyme, Connecti- cut (C. B. Graves); Toms River, New Jersey (Parker & Sinith; Pollard). Isoetes bolanderi Engelm. in Parry, Am. Nat. 8: 214. 1874. Montana and Washington to western Colorado, Utah, and California. Isoetes pygmaea Engelm. in Parry, Am. Nat. 8: 214. 1874. Mono Pass, California (Bolander). Isoetes macounii A. A. Eaton, Fern Bull. 8:12. 1900. Atka Island, Alaska (Macoun). Isoetes maritima Underw. Bot. Gaz. 13:94. 1888. Alberni, Vancouver Island, British Columbia (Macown). Isoetes canadensis (Kngelm.) A. A. Eaton, comb. nov. Tsoetes riparia var. canadensis Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 4:383. 1882. Tsoetes dodgei A. A. Eaton, Fern Bull. 6 : 6. 1898. ; Hastings County, Ontario (Macoun); East Wilton (Fernald), Cornish (Chicker- ing), and Kennebunk, Maine; Uxbridge (Robbins), and Dedbam (Fuxon), Massachusetts; Brattleboro, Vermont (Frost); Kingston, New Hampshire (A. A. Eaton); Point Pleasant (Best), and Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Isoetes eatoni Dodge, Ferns & Fern Allies New Eng. 39. 1896. Several localities in Rockingham County, New Hampshire. Also in Essex County, Massachusetts. Isoetes gravesii A. A. Eaton, Fernwort Papers 14. 1900. Connecticut: Goshen ( Underwood); Lyme (Graves). Isoetes engelmanni A. Br. Flora 29:178. 1846. Maine to Delaware and Pennsylvania. Also in Illinois and Missouri. Isoetes engelmanni caroliniana A. A. Eaton, Fern Bull. 8:60. 1900. Several localities in North Carolina. Isoetes engelmanni valida Engelm. in A. Gray, Manual ed. 5. 677. 1867. Warriors Mark, Cornwall, and Smithville, Pennsylvania (Porter); Wilmington, Delaware (Canby); Salt Pond Mountain, Virginia (Canby); Great Falls, Maryland ( Ward). Isoetes engelmanni georgiana Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 4: 384. 1882. Georgia: Floyd County (Canby); Whitfield County (Harper). No. 1226. NORTH AMERICAN FERNS—MAXON. 651 Isoetes howelli Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 4:385. 1882. Tsoetes nuda Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 4:585. 1882. Tsoetes underwoodii Henderson, Bot. Gaz. 23 : 124. 1897. [rinity and Calaveras counties, California; Dalles of the Columbia and Hood River, Oregon (Howell); Klickitat and Spokane counties, Washington (Suks- dorf ); Idaho ( Henderson) . Isoetes flaccida Shuttlew.; A. Br. Flora 29:178. 1846. Tsoetes flaccida var. chapmani Engelm. Trans. St. Louis. Acad. Sci. 4: 586, 1882, Several localities in Florida. Isoetes melanopoda J. Gay, Bulli. Soc. Bot. France 11: 102. 1864. Several localities in Illinois. Clifton, Iowa ( Vasey) ; Oklahoma (Butler); Exeter, Nebraska; Jackson County, Missouri. Isoetes melanopoda pallida Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 4: 387. 1882. Texas: Dallas (Reverchon); Hempstead and Houston (Hail); Harrisburg (Joor); Columbia (Bush); Hockley (Thurow). Isoetes butleri Engelm. Bot. Gaz. 3:1. 1878. Missouri, Oklahoma, and Tennessee. Isoetes butleri immaculata Engelm. Trans. St. Louis. Acad. Sci. 4: 388. 1882. Near Nashville, Tennessee (Gattinger); St. Louis, Missouri (Eggert). Isoetes minima A. A. Eaton, Fern Bull. 6:30. 1898. Near Waverly, Spokane County, Washington (Suksdorf ). Isoetes nuttallii A. Br. in Parry, Am. Nat. 8: 215, 1874. Tsoetes suksdorfii Baker, Handbook Fern Allies 132. 1887. Washington, Oregon, and Idaho; Vancouver Island, British Columbia (Macoun) ; Marin County, California (Mrs. Brandegee). Isoetes orcuttii A. A. Eaton, Fern Bull. 8:13. 1900. San Diego, California (Orcutt). Addition to Bibliography on page 623. 1893. The Altitudinal Distribution of the Ferns of the Appalachian Mountain Sys- tem. John K. Smallin Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 20 : 455-467. A SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF THE FAMILIES OF THE DIPTERA. By D. W. CoqurLxett, Custodian, Section of Diptera. The first attempt at classifying the Diptera into higher groups than genera was made in the year 1802 by Latreille, who recognized and named twelve families, but did not classify these into higher groups. In 1805, however, in a later volume of the same work, he divided the Diptera into two primary groups, to which he applied the terms Sec- tion Premiére and Section Seconde. The latter is equivalent to the modern families Hippoboscidee and Nycteribide. The first section he subdivided into Division Premiére (equivalent to the Nemocera of the present day) and Division Seconde. In 1809 Latreille applied the term Proboscidea to his Section Pre- miére, and subdivided his Section Seconde into two groups, which he named Eproboscidea and Phthiromyiz, equivalent to the modern fam- ilies Hippoboscidee and Nycteribidee, respectively. In these three groups he arranged the sixteen families. In 1825 Latreille reverted to his original classification, containing only two primary groups, and subdivided the first into the four fol- lowing groups: Nemocera, which is the same as at present recognized under the same name; Tanystoma and Notacantha, which together are equivalent to the Orthorhapha Brachycera; and Athericera, equiva- lent to the Cyclorhapha with the exclusion of the Hippoboscide and Nycteribide. Macquart, in 1834, recognized only two primary groups, the Nemo- cera of Latreille, and the Brachycera, which included all of the other Diptera. He employed the same classification in 1838. Westwood, in 1840, adopted Latreille’s classification of 1825, together with Macquart’s name Brachycera, under which he placed the Nota- cantha, Tanystoma, and Athericera of Latreille. Walker, in 1848, adopted the two primary divisions founded by Latreille in 1805, which he designated suborders. Haliday, in 1851, also adopted these two divisions, and subdivided the first into three groups, the Nemocera of Latreille; Brachycera, equivalent to the same group of Macquart with the exclusion of the family Phoridee; and the Hypocera, which contained the Phoride. PROCEEDINGS U.S. NATIONAL Museum, VOL. XXIII—1227 : 653 654 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Loew, in 1862, adopted Macquart’s classification, except that he separated from the Brachycera the families Hippoboscide and Nycter- ibidee as a third primary group. Brauer, in 1863, divided the Diptera into two primary groups, the Orthorhapha, which included the Nemocera, Tanystoma, and Nota- vantha of Latreille’s classification of 1825, and the Cyclorhapha, comprising the Athericera of Latreille, together with tke families Hippoboscide and Nycteribide. Schiner, in 1864, adopted Brauer’s two primary divisions, subdivided the first into two groups, the Nemocera of Latreille, and Brachycera of Macquart, which he thus limited to its present condition. The lat: ter group he further subdivided into two groups, the Cyclocera, which contained the modern families Stratiomyide, Tabanide and a part of the Leptide; and the Orthocera. The Cyclorhapha he subdivided into two groups, the Proboscidea and Eproboscidea, the latter com- prising the families Hippoboscide and Nycteribide. The Eprobosci- dea he also subdivided into two groups, the Hypocera, containing the family Phoride, and the Orthocera, a term which, curiously enough, he had already applied to a previous group in the Brachycera. The Orthocera he subdivided into the Oligoneura, which comprised the Muscoid Diptera; and the Polyneura, comprising the families Syrphi- dx, Conopide, Pipunculide and Platypezide. The family Lonchop- teridee he could not locate in any of these groups. r Osten Sacken, in 1878, adopted Brauer’s two divisions, except that he separated out the families Hippoboscide and Nycteribide as a third primary group. Van der Wulp, in 1877, adopted Brauer’s two divisions, but in 1896 he followed the classification proposed by Osten Sacken. Williston, in 1896, also adopted Brauer’s two primary groups. In 1883 Brauer elaborated his previous classifications, divided the Orthorhapha into the Nemocera and Brachycera as limited by Schiner, subdivided the first into three tribes, the second containing the family Cecidomyide, the third tribe composed of two subfamilies of the Tipulide, the other subfamily, together with the remaining eight families, forming the first tribe. The Brachycera he also divided into three tribes, the first composed of the family Lonchopterid, which he placed between the families Tipulide and Stratiomyide, the third tribe formed of the families Empide and Dolichopodide. The Cyclorhapha he divided into two sections, the first of which was sub- divided into two tribes, containing the Syrphide and Pipunculide in one, and the Phoride and Platypezidie in the other; the second section also contained two tribes, the first divided into the Calyptrata as one group, the Acalyptrata and the family Conopide forming another; the second tribe comprised the families Hippoboscidx and Nycteribide. These various attempts at classifving the Diptera into natural groups is de bln We a Ay 2 No, 1227. ARRANGEMENT OF THE DIPTERA—COQUILLETT. OD! have not yielded altogether satisfactory results. The impossibility of indicating natural relationship by a linear arrangement is, of course, well understood. The following arrangement, which is a modifica- tion of the systems of Latreille and Schiner, with suggestions of Osten Sacken and Williston, will, it is believed, serve to indicate the natural relationships of the various families in a clearer manner than any of those that have been thus far proposed: Suborder Proboscidea Latreille. Section Orthorhapha Brauer. Subsection Vemocera Latreiile. Superfamily Z¢pu/oidea Coquillett. Families: 1 Tipulide, 2 Dixide, 3 Culicide, 4 Psychodide, 5 Stenoxenide, 6 Chironomide, 7 Cecidomyide, 8 Myceto- philidee. Superfamily Bibionoidea Coquillett. Families: 9 Bibionidee; 10 Simulide, 11 Orphnephilide, 12 Blepharoceride, 13 Rhyphide. Subsection Brachycera Macquart. Superfamily Zabanoidea Coquillett. Families: 14 Leptide, 15 Stratiomyide, 16 Acanthomeride, 17 Tabanide, 18 Acroceride, 19 Nemestrinide. Superfamily Bombylioidea Coquillett. Families: 20 Apioceride, 21 Mydaide, 22 Bombylide. Superfamily As/lo/dea Coquillett. Families: 23 Scenopinide, 24 Therevide, 25 Asilide, 26 Empide, 27 Dolichopodide. Superfamily Phorotdea Coquillett. Families: 28 Lonchopteridee, 29 Phoride. Section Cyclorhapha Brauer. Superfamily Syrpho/dea Coquillett. Families: 30 Platypezide, 31 Pipunculide, 32 Syrphide, 33 Conopidee. Superfamily J/uscoidea Coquillett. Group Calypteratae Desvoidy. Families: 84 Oestride, 35 Tachinide, 36 Dexidee, 37 Sarco- phagide, 38 Muscidee, 89 Anthomyide. Group Acalypterae Macquart. Families: 40 Scatophagide, 41 Heteroneuride, 42 Helo- myzide, 43 Phycodromide, 44 Sciomyzide, 45 Sapro- myzide, 46 Loncheide, 47 Ortalide, 48 Trypetide, 49 Micropezidee, 50 Sepsidee, 51 Psilidee, 52 Diopside, 53 Ephydridee, 54 Oscinidee, 55 Drosophilidee, 56 Geom- yzide, 57 Agromyzide, 58 Borboridee. Suborder Eproboscidea Latreille. Families: 59 Hippoboscidee, 60 Nycteribide. 656 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. The Eproboscidea differ in so many important particulars from the remaining families—such as the method of reproduction, manner of living, much tougher integument of the body, structure of the proboscis and of the antennsee—as to justify their separation into a group equivalent to all of the other Diptera. Between these two divisions there are no intermediate forms. This is the position first assigned them by Latreille, and in this he has been followed by Meigen, Westwood, Walker, Haliday, and Bigot, while Loew and Osten Sacken make them one of three primary groups. In the present arrangement the Tipulide are placed first in the list, since they are evidently the lowest, most generalized of all the Dip- tera; their comparatively large size, elongated form, weak organiza- tion, numerous, many-branched veins, and long, many-jointed antenne all tend to confirm this supposition. The Mycetophilide are placed at the opposite end of the first superfamily for the reason that in sev- eral forms the legs, and especially the antenne, are comparatively short and robust, thus approaching the members of the second superfamily; thus the genera Platyura and Jlesperinus approach very close to Plecia, in the Bibionide, which begins the second superfamily. The genus Rhyphus is closely related to PRhachicerus, in the Leptide, for which reason the Rhyphide are placed at the end of the second super- family, while the Leptide begin the third. The latter, the Taban- oidea, are bristleless flies, further distinguished from the two following superfamilies by the greatly widened empodia; the genus Pangonia, in the Tabanide, with its unusually large calypteres, frequently elon- gated proboscis and reported habit of hovering over flowers, like a humming-bird, naturally connects with the genus Liudonchus, in the Acroceride; and the relation of the latter to the Nemestrinide is a rather close one. The members of the following superfamily, the Bombylioidea, are usually more or less bristly, and are essentially flower-visiting flies among which the habit of hovering over flowers is of rather frequent occurrence, while the singular course of the veins in the apical part of the wings of many serve still further to connect them with the Nemestrinide. The Asiloidea are usually provided with stout bristles and are almost without exception predaceous, the habit of hovering over flowers being unknown. The family Lonchopteride is retained in the Orthorhapha, notwith- standing the fact that de Meijere, from a recent study of the early stages of Lonchoptera lutea, while admitting that the family is in many respects intermediate between the Orthorhapha and Cyclorhapha, concludes that it has slightly more relationship with the latter than with the former. In Lonchoptera, however, there are four posterior cells in each wing, while the Cyclorhapha never have more than three of these cells; in the Orthorhapha Brachycera and in the Nemocera with a discal cell the possession of more than three posterior cells is No. 1227. ARRANGEMENT OF THE DIPTERA—COQUILLETT. 657 the rule rather than the exception. Moreover, the position of the antennal arista is apical in Lonchoptera, while in the Cyclorhapha it is with few exceptions dorsal, but in the Orthorhapha Brachycera its position is almost without exception apical. The presence of stout bristles likewise indicates a relationship to the Asiloid rather than with the Syrphoid forms. For these and other reasons that might be cited the relationship of the Lonchopteride is evidently with the Orthorhapha rather than with the Cyclorhapha. The form of the head, with the stout, reclinate frontal bristles, as well as the apical position of the antennal arista and the bristly body of the Phoridae, indicate a rather close relationship with the preceding family; the agile movements of the Phoridae, their disinclination to take to their wings when disturbed, together with the presence of bristles, ally them with the Dolichopodidae rather than with the Syrphoid group, with which they have sometimes been associated. The venation of the Phoridae is difficult of interpretation, but there are evidently three posterior veins, which would indicate the presence of four posterior cells, and this would exclude this family from the Cyclorhapha and would naturally indicate still more clearly its relationship with the Lonchopteridae and the remaining families of the Orthorhapha Brachycera. The Phoridae naturally lead to the usually bristly Platypezidae, which is accordingly placed at the beginning of the next superfamily, the Syrphoidea, which differs from the Muscoidea in the greater devel- opment of the anal cell, which is always present and usually much longer than the second basal; moreover, they are very seldom provided with macrochaetae, which so often occur in the latter group. The rela- tionships existing between the families are so apparent as to need no further mention. Girschner was the first to point out the fact that Calliphora and several other genera, which had hitherto been placed in the Muscidae, have a perpendicular row of bristles on the hypopleura, as in the Sarcophagidae, Dexidae, and Tachinidae, while J/usca and several other genera, like the Anthomyidae, do not have them. Accordingly, Pandelle has very properly removed to the Sarcophagidae the genera with hypopleural bristles; thus the more robust forms with strong bristles are brought together, while the weaker ones with weak bristles are retained in the Muscidae, a far more natural arrangement than the one heretofore in use. The introduction of superfamilies in the present arrangement is for the purpose of more nearly bringing the classification of the Diptera into harmony with that of the other departments of zoology. Among entomologists, Dr. Uhler appears to have been the first to employ them, and more recently they have also been used by Mr. Ashmead in his admirable classification of the Hymenoptera. The superfamilies Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii——42 658 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Tipuloidea and Bibionoidea correspond to Osten Sacken’s recently proposed divisions, Vemocera vera and Vemocera anomata, respectively, while the Tabanoidea are equivalent to his Hremochaeta, with the addition of the families Acroceridae and Nemestrinidae. Osten Sacken, to whom the science owes so much in bringing about amore rational arrangement of the Orthorhapha, has suggested the merging of the old families, Xylophagidae and Coenomyidae, with the Leptidae, a suggestion since put in operation by Dr. Williston; the three groups appear to be altogether too closely related with each other to be maintained as distinct families. The recently proposed family, Eretmopteridae, of Kellogg, does not appear to be sufficiently distinct from the family Chironomidae to be maintained; it was founded on a degraded form related to the genus Chasmatonotus Loew, but apparently more closely related to the short-winged genus Smttia Holmgren, from Spitzbergen, both of which have been referred by their authors to the Chironomidae. Pupipara is a later term for, and therefore a synonym of, Eprobos- cidea. A COMPARISON OF THE OSTEOLOGY OF THE JERBOAS AND JUMPING MICE. By Marcus W. Lyon Jr., Aid, Division of Mammals. The forms considered in the present paper are those that have usu- ally been classed, especially recently, as a family of rodents under the name Dipodidw, as has been done by Mr. Thomas in his paper **On the Genera of Rodents.” While there may be strong grounds for such a classification and for the association of the six genera, Sminthus, Zapus,’ Dipus, Alactaga, Platycercomys, and HLuchoreutes, of which the first two are each usually put in a separate subfamily; yet the limited material at hand is sufficient to show strong osteolog- ical affinities between Zapus and Sminthus which has not usually been recognized and which places them in contrast to the rest of the group. The writer has had for comparison complete skeletons of Zapus and an Egyptian pus in the United States National Museum, two skele- tons of different species of A/actaga in the American Museum of Natural History, kindly placed at his disposal by Dr. J. A. Allen, and several odd skulls of Zapus, Dipus, and Alactaga, as well as the skin and skull of the type of Sminthus flavus in the National Museum. Zapus and Dipus represent pronounced types, and for that reason, and because of the more complete material available, are compared at some length. The vertebral column, with the exception of the cervical region, is essentially the same in each genus; the neck is short and weak; the dorsal vertebre (twelve) present no peculiarities; the lumbar verte- bre (seven), especially the posterior ones, are built on a heavy plan with largely developed neural and anteriorly directed transverse proc- 'This genus has been separated into three subgenera by Mr. Preble, North Ameri- can Fauna No. 15, and recently Mr. Gerrit S. Miller, jr., Preliminary List of New York Mammals, Bulletin New York State Museum, VI, 1899, pp. 275, 330-331, has raised the subgenus Napaeozapus to generic rank. It differs from true Zapus only in the absence of the minute upper premolars. Doubtless in time many of the subge- nera in the other genera will be thus raised to generic rank. PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. XXIII—1228 660 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. esses. in each, Four vertebre form the sacrum, which is of the same form and like that of the Muride. The caudal series is much longer than all the preceding portions of the column taken together; Zapus has the greater number of vertebra some shows twenty-eight. The atlas is a large ring, genera. In Zapus it is well developed and en- tirely free from the remaining five dis- tinct vertebree behind, as well as from the axis in front. In Zapus atlas and axis are entirely free and articulate in the usual manner. about thirty-six (there is variation in different skeletons)—and the skeleton of Dipus essentially the same in each genus, but the second cervical or axis shows considerable differences in the two In Dipus the axis and the four succeed- ing vertebree are completely fused into one large compound ‘‘axis,’’ with a large compound neural spine which shows no signs of segmentation. The fused cen- trum does show signs of segmentation, however. In Dipus atlas and axis, free dorsally and laterally only, below they are fused into one piece. The seventh cervical is free from the rest of the series in each case. The pectoral arch presents a few differences. In Zapus the clavicle is longer, slen- derer, and uniformly curved, convex out- wardly. Scapula with the vertebral border cury- ing into the anterior border, a shape usu- ally seen in the Muridx. The supraspi- nous and infraspinous fossee are about equal in size. In Dipus, clavicle stouter and heavier and somewhat in the shape of an italic /. Scapula with an almost straight verte- bral border, which does not slope gradu- ally into the anterior border. The su- praspinous is much smaller than the in- fraspinous fossa. The anterior limbs present no noticeable differences aside from rela- tive proportions. The fore limb of Zapus is about one- half the hind limb, or about three-quar- ters of the dorso-lumbar series of verte- bree. The pelvis shows no differences. The fore limb of Dipus is about one- quarter the hind limb, or about two- thirds of the dorso-lumbar series of verte- bree. The hind limbs show marked differences, both as regards relative size and the number of elements in them. The ratio of the lengths of the different segments of the limbs to the total length of the leg is practically the same in each, but— Zapus has shorter legs, the dorso-lum- bar series of vertebree being about two- thirds the length of the hind limb. Dipus has longer legs, the dorso-lumbar series of vertebree being about one-third the total length of the limb. The femur is similar in each, but Zapus has a triangular projection (third trochanter) on the upper outer side, which, commonly found in the Muride, is lacking in Dipus. ee eee ee een an t aes STS * NO. 1228. erest in front. OSTEOLOGY OF THE JUMPING MICE—LYON. The tibia is essentially the same in each, though //pus has a larger 661 The fibula is slender, long and distinct above, as usual in the Myo- morphs, but fuses firmly with the tibia below, a little above its middle in Dipus‘and about as far below the middle in Zapus. The tarsus is composed of the same elements in each genus, but is differently arranged in each, as— Zapus has the anterior nonarticular part of the astragalus rather elongated, thus pushing the navicular forward, so that the outer side is in contact with the cuboid. In Zapus the internal cuneiform is not much elongated and ends in an articular surface for the first metatarsal. ~ Dipus has the corresponding part of the astragalus shortened, so that the navicular appears somewhat shut off from the, cuboid. In Dipus the internal cuneiform is dis- proportionately long and lies close against thesecond metatarsal, endingin a thinned extremity. The metatarsal bones show striking differences. In Zapus they are five in number, elongated and separate, the lateral ones being subequal, but decidedly shorter than the three central ones. Each meta- tarsal bears a digit. All the digits have three phalanges except the innermost, which bears but two as usual. The three middle digits have the rela- tive proportions seen in Pipus, a slightly longer median one and two subequal lat- eral ones. The innermost or first digit, hallux, reachesonly as faras the metatarso- phalangeal articulation of the middle toes, and the first phalanx of the outer or fifth toe reaches the same point. In Dipus there is but one long rounded bone, ‘‘cannon’’ bone, trifid at its distal extremity, where it presents three articu- lating surfaces for the three digits. It is to be regarded as a compound bone com- posed of three fused metatarsals. The two lateral digits are subequal and but little shorter than the middle one. Each is composed of three phalanges. There is just a trace of metatarsal five, on the outer posterior part of the ‘‘cannon’’ bone. The skulls, as a whole, show very little resemblance to one another, points of community being found in the maxillo-zygomatic region only. The skulls of the Dipodidw (Dipus, Alactaga, Platycercomys, Euchoreutes, Sminthus, and Zapus) are characterized chiefly by the great development of the antorbital foramen, large and rounded and with a more or less separate canal for the transmission of the superior maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve. The malar consists of a more or less horizontal portion articulating with the squamosal pos- teriorly and with the maxilla anteriorly, and a large more or less vertical portion, the anterior edge of which is in contact with the maxilla, the posterior edge free and forming the anterior boundary of the orbit, while the superior end of the vertical part is in contact with the lachrymal. But these common characters present several impor- tant differences in the two genera. 662 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL M USEUM. VOL. XXIII. In Zapus the skull has a decided murine aspect, long and slender, with an unex- panded brain-case, no mastoid bulle, and the zygoma sloping downward and back- ward from the maxilla. In Dipus the skull has no murine aspect whatever; it is broad and heavy, much expanded behind, with the mastoid bones inflated as large as the true bulle and the outer border of the antorbital foramen standing out in wing-like projections and sloping downward and slightly forward. The palatal and pterygoid regions are quite different in the two genera. In Zapus the palate bones are much shortened posteriorly, the free edge con- cave and ending on a line with the last molar teeth. It shows exactly the same condition as is found in Mus. The pterygoids have the usual forms and proportions seen in Mus. In Zapus the external pterygoid plate assumes a more horizontal position and longitudinal direction, as in Mus. Between the external plate (a process of the alisphenoid) and the internal pterygoid plate (the true pterygoid bone) is a shallow fossa, entirely destitute of a floor and of the same form as is found in Mus. In Dipus the palate is much more elongated and produced posteriorly to a considerable distance behind the last molars and ends in a blunted projecting spine. The greater posterior length of the bony palate makes the pterygoids correspond- ingly shorter. In Dipus the external pterygoid plate is more vertical and more transversely placed. Between the external and internal pterygoid plates is a deep and conspicuous fossa, running forward and being floored by the posterior lateral portions of the bony palate and having for its roof the alisphenoid. It is a fossa on the order of that seen in Microtus. The tympanic bones are of similar form and position in each genus, triangular in outline and placed more transversely than longitudinally, asagainst the position in the Muride. bulle, which are— smaller in Zapus, not approaching the median line, with the apices free from the basisphenoid. The inner edges abut closely against the basioccipital, so that no vacuities are formed. The mastoid portion of the periotic is not abnormally enlarged in Zapus, does not overcrowd any of the other bones, and has a form and position very similar to Mus. The squamosal in Zapus isa thin and expanded bone, with its antero-posterior They are each inflated to form larger in Dipus, nearer the median line, and the apex of each is definitely fused to the basisphenoid. Between their inner edges and the basioccipital are large vacuities. The mastoid portion of the periotic is greatly inflated in Dipus and presents almost as much surface on the posterior part of the skull as the tympanic bulla does on the ventral surface. The two portions push inward to such an extent as to encroach upon the supraoccipital and render that bone correspondingly narrow. They swell out laterally and superiorly, so that a portion is seen above the tympanic and between a_ posterior process of the squamosal and the parietal and supraoccipital. The squamosal in Dipus is a compact and much contracted bone, with its dorso- | dab Sethe ls ls tl ill i ee 6 osanlt, Pr een Ee i 4 j NO. 1228. diameter greater than its dorso-ventral, and is of the same type as is found in the Muride. The zygomatic process of the squamo- sal much expanded at its origin curves decidedly downward. This is in accord- ance with its higher origin from the bone. The zygomatic region shows several differences. OSTEOLOGY OF THE JUMPING MICE LYON. 663 ventral diameter much greater than its antero-posterior. Its shape and position are difficult to describe, and are best seen in the figure. The zygomatic process of the squamo- sal comes out almost horizontally, sloping a little downward. This is in accord- ance with its lower origin from the bone. That of Dipus is apparently an extreme type, between which and Jus, Zapus seems to be somewhat intermediate. In JJ/ws and other murines, both roots of the zygomatic process of the maxilla (saying that there is an upper root above the antorbital foramen and a lower root below it) arise one directly above the other. in Zapus, where the lower root arises just in front of the premolar and the upper root about on a line directly above. This condition causes the anterior part of the zygomatic arch to slope from above downward and backward. Zapus has an almost triangular malar, which fits into the obtuse angle in the zygomatic process of the maxilla. The lower posterior angle of the malar is attenuated into a slender process going backward to the squamosal. The antorbital foramen in Zapus is more nearly elliptical, the major axis of the ellipse inclining outward from above downward. This condition holds— but in Dipus the upper root comes off at a considerable distance posterior to a point directly above the lower root. This condition causes the anterior part of the zygomatic arch to slope downward and forward. Dipus has a biradiate malar, the verti- eal part of which is much expanded lat- erally and fits into a right angle in the maxilla. The horizontal part is slender and runs backward to meet the squa- mosal. Theantorbital foramen in Dipus is more nearly ovoid, and the long axis inclines slightly inward from above downward. At the lower inner corner of this foramen is a separate canal for the transmission of the second division of the fifth nerve, formed by a thin plate of bone arising from the lower root of the zygomatic process and abutting against the outer surface of the maxilla. In Zapus the line of contact of this thin plate with the maxilla is always evident, and very often the plate fails to meet the side of the maxilla. The wall of the orbito-temporal fossa in Zapus shows a condition such as is found in Mus and the Muride generally, with all the bones ossified and in close approximation to one another. In Dipus this plate is completely anchy- losed and the line of fusion obliterated. In Dipus the wall of this fossa shows quite a deficiency in ossification. The optic foramina are unusually large. Just behind the orbito-sphenoid is a large crescent-shaped vacuity bounded in front by the orbito-sphenoid and the orbital plate of the frontal; above and behind, by the squamosal; and below, by the ali- sphenoid. The incisor teeth in both genera are short and curved backward after the manner of the J/uride. Each tooth is traversed by a groove 664 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. in its anterior face. Each genus has three upper molars on aside and as mInany below, with the enamel thrown into folds, which are more complex in Zapus. Zapus has a small upper premolar, but in the genus WVapacozapus this tooth is entirely wanting. The premolar is lacking in Dipus. The lower jaw of Zapus is much deeper behind and has a well developed coro- noid process almost equaling in size the condyloid process. The sigmoid notch is correspondingly deep and pronounced. Searcely any prominence can be seen in Zapus corresponding to the coyering of the root of the lower incisor. The angle of the lower jaw in Zapus is deepened, with the lower border turned The lower jaw of Dipus is shallow be- hind and with the coronoid process scarcely at all developed, with a corre- sponding diminution of the sigmoid notch. The cap covering the root of the lower incisor forms a prominent projection be- neath the condyloid process in Dipus. The angle of the lower jaw in Dipus is shallow and perforated by a large fora- inward, and is not perforated by a fora- men. men. Alactaga very closely resembles Dipus and differs from Zu,ous in essentially the same points that )/pus does. Its chief differences from Dipus are the scarcely inflated mastoid bull and the incomplete fora- men for the nerve at the lower inner angle of the antorbital foramen. The vertical part of the malar is not so greatly expanded laterally and the audital bulle are less inflated. _A/actaga has the ‘‘ cannon” bone of pus, but on either side of it is a small non-functional toe, consist- ing of a metatarsal and a digit. The cervical vertebrae show a tendency toward consolidation, but not that complete fusion found in Dipus. In Alactaga the incisors are ungrooved and are not recurved as in Dipus, but project more forward, presenting an appearance seen in the Hares. A small premolar is present. The molars have a more complex enamel pattern. In nearly all these respects Dipus is seen to be a much more spe- cialized type. Both Dipus and Alactaga share nearly everything in common, aside from greater specialization, and are placed in strong contrast to Zapus. Luchoreutes' is an animal with the foot structure of Alactaga and a skull on the Dipus-Alactaga type, but appearing more slender and with greatly enlarged bullx. In the structure of its zygomatic arch, as well as in its narrower proportions, it approaches slightly the type of skull seen in Zapus and Sminthus. ‘*The zygoma is very weak and thin, and the vertical portion, which separates the optic from the antorbital formen, is also’ very thin and slopes from above downward posteriorly (as in Zapus, Sminthus, and the Muride), while in Alactaga the corresponding part of the zygoma is either vertical or anteriorly ‘From the description and figures, Selater, Proce. Zool. Soc., London, 1890, pp. 610-613. ee No. 1228. OSTEOLOGY OF THE JUMPING MICE—LYON. 665 directed. * * * There is,as in Dipus, a separate canal at the base of the foramen for the exit of the nerve.” ! The skull of Sminthus very closely approaches that of Zapus, and it is hard to see how Alston, in his arrangement of the Rodents, could have considered it as an aberrant member of the family J/vr/dw, and Lapus, Dipus, ete., as forming the Dipodide. The structure of the zygomatic arch and the shape of antorbital foramen is almost precisely the same as are these structures in Zapus. The latter has a slightly wider malar and the separate passage for the nerve is a little more marked. The palates are of the same style, but the posterior free edge has a median spine in Sm/nthus. The only really striking differences are in the teeth. The upper incisors of Sminthus are plain, and the molars (there is also a small premolar) do not have the enamel in the same pattern, but raised up into cusp-like prominences arranged in pairs. While no skeleton is available, a careful examination of the skin reveals the fact that the hind feet are of similar form to those of Zapus—at least with respect to freedom of metatarsals, number of digits and phalanges. Pedetes has often been classed with the Dpodidw, but recently * it has been shown to possess many hystricomorph affinities, and Thomas has placed it in that group of Rodents under the family Pedetide. Dr. Coues, in Monographs of North American Rodentia, and Dr. Gill, in the Arrangement of the Families of Mammalia, put Zapus in a sepa- rate family from that of Dipus and Alactuga. It is inferred that Sminthus went to the Muride. It would be in strict accordance with the facts, however, to associate Zapus and Sminthus in one group, following Winge, as the family Zapodidew; and Dipus, Alactaga, Platycercomys, and Huchoreutes in an equivalent group as the family Dipodide. The only pronounced common feature of the two families is the structure of the zygomatic arch and antorbital foramen. They all present the rare condition of a lachrymo-malar articulation. The arch has the most murine shape in Smnthus, Zapus isa shade further away; Euchoreutes shows a condition further removed, but on a skull of otherwise pus structure; A/actaga is much further removed, and Dipus still more so from the murine form. The variations from a murine type of skull are entirely correlated with variations from a murine type of metatarsus. The Zapus- Sminthus group with the most generalized skull has the most generalized foot with the free metatarsals. We pass from general- ization to specialization by both the foot and the skull and teeth from Alactaga to Dipus. Similar observations hold good in the case of the cervical vertebree. 'Selater, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1890, pp. 610-613. * Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1896, pp. 1012-1028, and Parsons, Proc. Zool. Soe., 1898, pp. 858-890. 666 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. In summing up, the old family Dipodide is seen to be composed of two clearly defined though somewhat related families, of which ZUpus is typical of the one and pus of the other. The antorbital foramen and its subdivision for the nerve and lachrymo-malar articulation are the only striking points of similarity between the two families, but otherwise the skulls are widely: different and each homogeneous in its own family. The Zvpodide are at once recognized by the five separate metatar- sals, free cervical vertebre, and general murine aspect of the skull. It is composed of two easily separable subfamilies. Zapodine, with the enamel of the molar teeth thrown into folds and the crowns presenting a generally smooth surface; upper incisors grooved; skull less murine; zygoma heavier and less oblique palate concave posteriorly. It contains the three genera, Zapus, Napacoza- pus, and HLozapus. Sminthine, with the enamel of the molar teeth in an entirely differ- ent pattern, and above folded in opposite loops so that there seems to be four cusp-like processes on each tooth; the upper incisors without grooves; and slenderer skull and zygoma. It contains the genus Sminthus and possibly the fossil genus Zomys, which is usually referred to this group. The Dipodida are to be recognized by the fusion of the three middle metatarsals into a ‘* cannon” bone, longer hind limbs, a tendency toward consolidation of the cervical vertebra, as well as a totally dif- ferent form of skull, much laterally expanded. It seems to be readily separable into the three following groups, of which the first two should take subfamily rank, the Dipodinw in contrast to the third group containing Luchoreutes. Dipus group with Dipus and its subgenera, hind foot with three digits; cervical vertebra anchylosed; mastoid considerably inflated: upper incisors grooved; no small premolar; antorbital canal for nerye complete. Alactaga group, with Alactaga and its subgenera, hind foot with more than three digits, but lateral ones much shortened; cervical yer- tebre not completely fused; mastoids not much inflated; upper inci- sors without grooves; and a small premolar present above; antorbital canal for nerve not fully complete. Platycercomys without the small premolar probably belongs to this group. Luchoreutine is at once told from the preceding by the posterior slope of the zygoma and more elongated skull and interorbital con- striction; no root-cap for incisor on side of mandible; posterior pala- tine foramina very large; hind foot with five digits; upper incisors not grooved; upper premolar present. eee aman kes owe > Aertel See ass es MOP he Fe Sk a tl I i NO. 1228. OSTEOLOGY OF THE JUMPING MICE—LYON. 667 BIBLIOGRAPHY. Most of the literature on this subject deals with the Jerboas and Jumping Mice from a systematic point of view, treating largely of the species. The following list, while it does not aim to cover all the references to the subject, yet contains most that has been written on the Jerboas and Jumping Mice as a whole, or on the larger groups of them: Aston, Epwarp R. On the Classification of the Order Glires. Proc. Zool. Soe. Lond., 1876, pp.61-98. Barrp, 8. F. Mammals of North America, 1859, pp. 428-4382. Buastus, J. H. Fauna der Wirbelthiere Deutschlands, I, Siugethiere, 1857, pp. 301- 305. Branpt, J. F. Remarques surlaClassification des Gerboises. Bull. Acad. St. Peterb., II, 1844, pp. 210-238. Branpt, J. F. Untersuchungen tiber die craniologischen Entwickelungstuffen und die dayon herzuleitenden Verwandtschaften und Classificationen der Nager. Mémoires de I’ Acad. de St. Peterb., 6th Ser., Sci. Nat., VII, 1855, pp. 127-336. Carus, J. V., and Grerstarcker, C. E. A. Hanb. Zool., I, 1868, pp. 100-101, 106. Covgs, Exuiorr. Monographs of North American Rodentia. Report of U. 8. Geol. Survey of Territories, XI, 1877, pp. 461-479. Cuvier, F. Mémoire sur les Gerboises et les Gerbilles. Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., I, 1841, pp. 131-148. Desmarest, A. G. Mammalogie, 1822, pp. 314-322. Dosson, G. E. On the Natural Position of the Family Dipodide. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1882, pp. 640-641. Fiscuer, J. B. Synopsis Mammalium, 1829, pp. 333-338. Fiower, W. H. Mammalia. Encycl. Brit., 9th ed., pp. 418-420. Fiower, W. H., and Lypexxer, R. An Introduction to the Study of Mammals Living and Extinct, 1891, pp. 479-480. GriEBEL, C. G. Zur Osteologie des labradorischen Springers, Jaculus labradorius. Zeitschr-gesammt. Naturw., X XV, 1865, pp. 272-274. GiLL, THroporr. Arrangement of the Families of Mammalia. Smithsonian Miscel- laneous Collections, 230, 1872, p. 20. Licurenstern, H. Uber die Springmiuse. Abhand. Akad. Wissensch., Berlin (1825), 1828, pp. 133-161. LitisesorG, W. Systematisk Ofversigt of de gnagande Diiggdjuren, Glires, 1866, pp. 21, 28-30. Mitne-Epwarps, H. and A. Reserches sur les Mammiféres, 1868-1874, pp. 146-154. Patmer, T. 8. A List of the Generic and Family Names of Rodents. Proce. Biol. Soc. Wash., XI, 1897, pp. 241-270. Parsons, F. G. On the Anatomy of the African Jumping Hare (Pedetes caffer), compared with that of the Dipodidie. Proc. Zool. Soe. Lond., 1898, pp. 858-890. Poussaraues, E. de. Bull. Mus. d’ Hist. Nat., 1896, p. 11. Presie, KE. A. Revision of the Jumping Mice of the Genus Zapus. North American Fauna, No. 15, 1899. ScHiosser, M. Paleeontographica XX XI, 1884, p. 85. ScHREBER, J. C. D. von. Die Siugthiere, 1792, pp. 839-861. Scrater, W. L. On a new Genus and Species of Rodents of the Family Dipodidee from Central Asia. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1890, pp. 610-613. THomAs, OLDFIELD. On the Genera of Rodents. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1896, p. 1023. 668 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Trovessart, E.-L. Catalogus Mammalium, 1897, pp. 589-596. TuLLBerG, TycHo. Ueber das System der Nagethiere, 1899, pp. 181-195. Waaner, J. A. Gruppirung der Gattungen der Nager in natiirlicher Familien. Archiy fur Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 1841, p. 111. Wacyer, J. A. Schrebers Siiugthiere. Fortgesetzt von J. A. Wagner, III, 1843, pp. 274-295. : WarerHovseE, G. R. Observations on the Rodentia. Magazine of Natural History, IIT, 1839, pp. 60-91, 186-188. Wiyee, Hertvr. Jordfundne og nuleyende Gnavere (Rodentia) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerees, Brasilien. E. Mus. Lundii, III, 1887 (88), pp. 118-122. ZitreL, K. A. Handbuch der Paleeontologie. Part I, IV, 1893, pp. 526-527. EXPLANATION OF PLATES. All figures one and a half times natural size. The letters on the plates have the following significance: Sq, squamosal. N, navicular. m, mastoid. Cu, cuboid. So, supraoccipital. Ee, Mc, and Ic, external, middle, and ©, caleaneum or os calcis. internal cuneiform. A, astragalus. PLATE XX. Fig. 1, lateral view of skull of Zapus. 2, lateral view of skull of Huchoreutes, redrawn to scale from Sclater’s figures in Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1890, p. 611. Compare with Zapus and Sminthus and note similarity of the zygomata. 3, lateral view of skull of Sminthus. 4, lateral view of skull of Dipus. 5, lateral view of skull of Alactaga. PLATE X XVI. Fig. 1, ventral view of skull of Zapus. 2, ventral view of skull of Euchoreutes, redrawn to scale from Sclater’s figures in Proce. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1890, p. 611. Note the similarity of the ventral view with the same aspects of Dipus and Alactaga. , ventral view of skull of Sminthus. , ventral view of skull of Dipus. , ventral view of skull of Alactaga. OU Hw CoO PLATE X XVII. Fig. 1, left hind foot of Zapus, dorsal view and internal lateral view of the tarsal bones. 2, left hind foot of Alactaga, dorsal view and internal lateral view of the farsal bones. The pre-tarsal part is drawn from a specimen in the American Museum of Natural History; the tarsal bones are filled in from a dissected tarsus taken from a skin in the U. 8. National Museum. 3, left hind foot of Dipus, dorsal view and internal lateral view of the tarsal bones. Rudiment of the fifth metatarsal may be seen. | | | Pear Ss alee ae ara *899 39Vd 348 4LW1d 40 NOLLYNYIdx4 yO4 VOVLOVIY ONY ‘SNdIq ‘SQHLNINS ‘SHLN3SYOHONA ‘SNdVZ 4O STAINNS PL. XXV PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XxilI U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM = ‘ a are a — 4 an ~ ma? >. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXII! PL. XXVI SKULLS OF ZAPUS, EUCHOREUTES, SMINTHUS, DIPUS, AND ALACTAGA. FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 668. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXIll PL. XXVII LEFT HIND FEET OF ZAPUS, ALACTAGA, AND DIPUS. For EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 668. CAMBRIAN BRACHIOPODA: OBOLELLA, SUBGENUS GLYP- TIAS: BICIA: OBOLUS, SUBGENUS WESTONIA; WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES. By Cuartes D. Watcort, Honorary Curator, Division of Stratigraphic Paleontology. TABLE OF CONTENTS. OBOLELLA AND NEW SUBGENUS GLYPTIAS. Obolella mobergi, new species. Obolella lindstrémi, new species. Obolella (glyptias) favosa Linnarsson. BICIA, A NEW GENUS OF THE OBOLID. Bicia gemma Billings, notes on. Bicia whiteavesi, new species. OBOLUS, ADDITIONAL NOTES ON. Obolus ? meneghini, new species. Obolus tetonensis, new species. Obolus ? zoppi, new species. LINGULELLA, NEW SPECIES AND NOTES ON PREVIOUSLY DESCRIBED SPECIES. O. (L.) bellus Walcott, notes on. O. (L.) bornemanni, new species. O. (L.) bicensis, new species. O. (L.) linnarssoni, new species. O. (L.) randomensis, new species. O. (L.) schucherti, new species. O. (L.) siemiradzkii, new species: O. (L.) winona var. converus, new variety. WESTONIA, NEW SUBGENUS OF OBOLUS. O. (Lingulepis) gregwa Matthew, notes on. ACRITIS, NEW SPECIES OF O. (Acritis 2?) rugatus, new species. CAMBRIAN BRACHIOPODS OF SARDINIA. PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MusEuM, VOL. XXIII—1229 670 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. In continuation of the study of the Cambrian Brachiopoda! the fol- lowing notes have been assembled, which may be of service to students prior to the publication of a monograph on the subject: Gens OBOLEELA Billings, 1861. 1861. Obolella Bituinas, Pamphlet, and Geology of Vermont, II, p. 946, fig. 346. 1861. Obolella Bruurnes, Geol. Surv. Canada; Paleeozoic Fossils, I, p. 7, fig. 7. 1862. Obolella Merk and Haypen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XIII,p. 435. 1863. Obolella Haut, Sixteenth Rept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., p. 133, pl. v1, figs. 17-21. 1865. Obolella Merk and Haypen, Smithsonian Contb. No. 172, Paleeontology Upper Missouri, pp. 3, 4. 1866. Obolella Dayipson, British Silurian Brachiopoda, p. 60. 1867. Obolella Hatu, Trans. Albany Inst., V, p. 108. 1870. Obolella Dati, Am. Jour. Conchology, VI, pp. 162-164. 1871. Obolella Brniines, Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, new ser., VI, p. 217, figs. 5, 6. 1872. Obolella Brturnes, American Journal of Science, 3d ser., IIT, p. 355, figs. 5, 7. 1876. Obolella Brtuincs, American Journal of Science, 3d ser., XI, p. 176. 1881. Obolella Forp, American Journal of Science, 3d ser., X XI, p. 131. 1884. Obolella? Waxcorr, Monograph U.S. Geol. Survey, VIII, Paleontology Eureka District, pp. 67, 68. 1886. Obolella Watcorr, Bulletin U. S. Geol. Survey, No. 30, pp. 109-119. 1889. Obolella Watcorr, Proc. U. S. National Museum, XII, p. 36. 1892. Obolella Hatt and Ciarkr, Pal. New York, VIII, Pt. 1, pp. 66, 164. 1892. Obolella MarrHew, Trans. Roy. Soe. Canada, IX, p. 39. 1894. Obolella Hatt and CiarKke, Eleventh Annual Report New York State Geol- ogist, p. 240, pl. 1, figs. 5, 6, 7. 1896. Obolella Micxwirz, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersbourg, VIII, p- 116. Generic characters. —Shell subequivalve, moderately convex: dorsal valve more elevated at the umbo than the ventral: longitudinally ovate or oval in outline, with the dorsal valve sometimes transversely oyal. Surface marked by concentric strie of growth and radiating strive, except in the subgenus O. (Glyptias) favosa, which has irregular trans- verse lines crossing the concentric strie. “Shell substance unknown in an unaltered condition: it appears to have been calcareo-corneous, as in Obolus. Shell structure formed of a thin outer layer with many thin inner layers or lamelle more or less oblique to the outer layer; the short lamellz of the anterior portion of the valves are more oblique than the longer lamelle of the central and ‘Note on the genus Lingulepis: Am. Jour. Sci., 4th ser., ITI, 1897, pp. 404, 405. Cambrian Brachiopoda: genera Iphidea and Yorkia, with descriptions of new species of each, and of the genus Acrothele: Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XTX, 1897, pp. 707-718. Note on the brachiopod fauna of the quartzitic pebbles of the Carboniferous con- glomerates of the Narragansett Basin, Rhode Island: Am. Jour. Sci., 4th ser., VI, 1898, pp. 327, 328. Cambrian Brachiopoda: Obolus and Lingulella, with description of new species: Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1898, pp. 885-420. et le ae am No. 1229. CAMBRIAN BRACHIOPODA—WALCOTT. 671 posterior portions and lie on the edges in the same plane as the margins of the valves. Area of the ventral valve rises from the plane of the margins of the valve at angles varying from 10° to 70°; broadly subtriangular when the beak is projecting, otherwise rounded at the posterior margin almost as much as the area of the dorsal valve; the latter is usually on the plane of the margins of the valve and broadly rounded posteriorly ; both areas are striated parallel to the base and divided midway differ- ently in each valve and in an unusual manner; in the ventral valve a sharp, narrow pedicle slit cuts through the area from its base to the apex; this slit opens into a cylindro-conical chamber, varying in size and form, that terminates in the shell substance of the beak but does not penetrate to the surface of the shell; the strive of the area pass into the slit and encircle the pedicle chamber; the latter is in form similar to the pedicle tube of the Siphonatretide, except that it is closed at the outer end, and the pedicle obtained egress through the narrow slit in the area; the area of the dorsai valve is divided by ¢ narrow, raised, triangular space that is bordered on either side by a more or less deeply impressed groove formed by a narrow fold of the areal lamelle; outside of this groove, and between it and the outer flexure fold of the area, occurs a depressed triangular space that has’ been considered by authors as the scar of the point of attachment of cardinal muscles. Sometimes the inner angle of the area of the ven- tral valve adjoining the pedicle slit projects forward so as to form a tooth-like knob, which in the cast is shown by a deep indentation beside the cast of the pedicle chamber and between the latter and the project- ing cast of the undercut beneath the area. Splanchnoceele’ of the ventral valve confined to the posterior half, while in the dorsal valve it extends forward to and in some instances beyond the center; in both valves it extends back to the splanchnoccele part of the area, which is bounded by the flexure lines. Traces of a median septum are shown in the dorsal valve, but no definite septum has been observed in the ventral valve. A central median ridge of varying degree of size and length often extends toward the central portion of the dorsal valve; when it is large a deep, rounded groove usually occurs on each side of it, on the inner slope of which the central muscle scars may be situated. Often the median ridge is practically absent. The grooves of the main vascular sinuses begin in each valve at the front margin of the area near the median line, and in the ventral valve gradually extend forward and outward toward the front half of the shell, where they begin to gently curve inward, terminating toward the front of the valve, the distance and curvature varying in different species. In the dorsal valve the main vascular sinuses curve out more rapidly, and are much less prominent; none of the secondary radial canals or the peripheral vascular sinuses have been observed. The =~ 1 Using nomenclature of Mickwitz. = 672 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. course of the parietal scar between the main vascular sinuses is in front of the splanchnoceele in the ventral valve; also in the same valves it passes around the muscle scars between the main sinuses and the base of the area, in line with the flexure line of the area: in the dorsal valve it closely follows the outside limits of the muscle scars, but it has not been traced across the main vascular sinuses. The size and position of the pedicle and umbonal muscle scars are unknown, but they are probably similar to those of Obolus. The cen- tral scars are placed a little distance each side of the median line in the dorsal valve. In the ventral valve they are not separable from the middle and outside laterals, which occur on each side of the front of the visceral area. The middle and outside laterals of the dorsal valve are blended and lie obliquely outward, before the transmedian scars. The transmedian scars are close to the base of the area in both valves, and lie in the line of the prolongation of the flexure line of the area. In number and relative position the muscle scars of Obolella are essentially the same as those of Obolus. Observations. —The genus Obolella has been under discussion by authors for nearly forty years. In the original description Mr. Bil- lings noted its resemblance to Obolus, but claimed that it is distinct on account of the difference in ‘‘the arrangement of the muscular impressions.” Later (1876) he compared it again with Obolus, but having poor illustrations of both Obolus and Obolella he failed to dis- cover the true position and relations of the muscle scars in either. It was not until after Mickwitz’s memoir on Obolus appeared, and the collections of Obolella made during the summer of 1899 were studied, that any correct comparisons could be made. It then became evident that there is practically no difference in the arrangement of the muscle scars of the two genera, but that there are most essential dif- ferences in the areas of the ventra! valve. Before working out the relations of the narrow pedicle slit of Obolella to the cylindro-conical pedicle chamber, I was at a loss to find generic differences of value, although I felt that the area of the dorsal valve of Obolella indicated differences not readily explained. The pedicle passage of Obolus varies greatly in size and form, but it is always an open furrow. In Obolella it is in the ventral valve a cylindro-conical inner chamber opening through a narrow slit in the area of the ventral valve, the area rising from the plane of the margin of the valve; in the ventral valve a slightly raised area occupies the place of the broad furrow in Obolus. Obolella is confined to the Olenellus or Lower Cambrian fauna. Obolus, as now limited, appears in the Middle Cambrian, but has its greatest development in the Upper Cambrian fauna. Of the subge- nera Obolus (Lingulella) schucherti is found associated with Obolus (O. crassa) at Troy, New York. Licia gemma is associated with Oboledla crassa both at Bic and Troy, 4 4 No, 1229. CAMBRIAN BRACHIOPODA— WALCOTT. 673 and the species was referred to Obolella by Mr. Billings. It differs so radically from Obolella in the character of the areas of the valves and the interior markings that it is scarcely necessary to institute compari- sons between them. Obolella as known at present is limited to six species and one variety: Obolella chromatica Billings. . Obolella atlantica Walcott. Obolella crassa Hall. Obolella crassa var. elongata Walcott. . Obolella favosa Linnarsson. Obolella lindstrémi Walcott. Obolella mobergi Walcott. Of the above two species 0. chromatica and O. atlantica belong to the upper portion of the Olenellus fauna, and O. crassa and var. elon- gata to the lower portion. The three Swedish species OV. favosa, O. lindstrémi, and O. moberg? are from the basal Cambrian sandstones and may belong to the same horizon as (. crassa. The species that have heretofore been referred to Obolella, in addi- tion to those listed above, are now distributed in the following genera: O 2? ambigua Walcott =Elkania. O. cingulata Billings =Kutorgina. O. circe Billings = Billingsella. O. coelata Billings =Acrothele. O. desquamata Billings =Obolella crassa. O. desiderata Billings =Elkania. O. discoidea Hall and Whitfield=Obolus (Lingulella). O. gemma Billings =Bicia. O. gemmula Matthew =Obolus (Lingulella). O. ida Billings == (2) O. ininuta Hall and Whitfield=Acrotreta. O. misera Billings =Linnarssonia. O. nana - Meek and Hayden =Dicellomus. O. nitida Ford =Linnarssonia (?). O. pectenoides Whitfield =Dicellomus. O. polita Hall =Dicellomus. O. pretiosa Billings =Linnarssonia. O. prima Whitfield =Obolus (Lingulepis). O. transversa Hartt = Linnarssonia. OBOLELLA MOBERGI, new species. General form ovate, with the ventral valve subacuminate and the dorsal valve obtusely subacuminate; valves moderately convex. Beak of the ventral valve slightly elevated above the plane of the shell; beak of the dorsal valve curved down to the plane of the margin. Surface of the shell marked by concentric lines and strize of growth, and in some examples by rather strong, radiating, broken, and slightly irregular raised lines. The elevated lines are of the same character as those on Bicia gemma. The shell is formed of a thin outer layer and numerous inner layers or lamelli, the latter over the anterior half of Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii——43 674 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. the shell. These inner lameilee are oblique to the outer layer and are arranged as imbricating layers, very much as in O. favosa. A ventral valye 10 mm. in length has a width of 9mm. A dorsal valve 9 mm. long has the same width. The area of the ventral valve is of medium length and tipped back of the edge of the valve to meet the beak. It extends well out on to the cardinal slopes of the valve. It is divided midway by a narrow pedicle furrow that passes inward into a large cylindrical chamber, closed at its outer end. The surface of the area is marked by rather strong transverse striz crossing the area and extending in and around the pedicle slit and chamber. On each side of the pedicle chamber there is a rather strong undercut which in the cast is replaced by a marked tooth-like projection. The area of the dorsal valve is narrow and, as far as can be determined from the single cast, very much like that of O. crassa. The casts of the interior of the ventral valves show a central visceral area, very much like that in QO. crassa; also two strongly marked vas- cular sinuses that extend well into the middle of the valve. No clearly defined muscle scars are shown on any of the specimens. Casts of the interior of the dorsal valve give little satisfactory data in relation to the muscle scars. The cast shows a part of the outline of the visceral area, also the impression of the transmedian muscle scar. Observations.—This species appears to be the European representa- tive of O. crassa, which occurs at the same relative stratigraphic hori- zon at Troy, New York. The Swedish species differs from the American in being slightly more elongate in outline and in having the interior thickenings of the area more strongly developed. The exte- rior surface also appears to be marked by stronger radiating lines. It differs from QO. atlantica and O. chromatica in being a much more robust shell, and in many slight details. O. przstiénus is more rotund and convex. O. mobergi is associated with the Olenellus fauna in Sweden in the Schmidtia torelli zone. _ Formation and locality.—Lower Cambrian. Zone of Schmidtia tor- eli, Bjorkelunda, south of Simrishamr, in a gray sandstone. Sularp, near Lund, Sweden, in a brown sandstone. Received from Dr. Joh. Chr. Moberg. OBOLELLA LINDSTROMI, new species. This species differs from Odbolella mobergi in the more subacuminate outline of the valves, the surface characters, and the interior of the dorsal valve. The surface of O. /indstrémi is much like that of Bzcia Jemima. The ventral valve occurs in a hard gray sandstone of the Schinidtia torelli zone, and the cast of the dorsal valve is from one of the brown Meo NO. 1229, CAMBRIAN BRACHIOPODA— WALCOTT. 675 sandstone spots that occur within the gray sandstone at Sularp. I am not sure that the dorsal valve illustrated actually belongs to this spe- cies, as it is not associated with the typical ventral valve. It differs from the typical dorsal valves of O. moberg/ in being more acuminate, and there is no corresponding ventral valve associated with it in the material studied. I take pleasure in naming the species in honor of Dr. G. Lindstrém, to whom all paleontologists are deeply indebted for his many contri- butions to the paleontology of the Silurian formations of Scandinavia. Formation and locality. —Lower Cambrian. Zone ot Schmidtia torelli, Bjorkelunda, south of Simrishamr, ina gray sandstone. Sularp, near Lund, Sweden, in a brown sandstone. GLYPTIAS, new subgenus. The subgenus Glyptias is based on the peculiar surface sculpture and the very short area. Type.— Obolella (Glyptias) favosa Linnarsson. OBOLELLA (GLYPTIAS) FAVOSA Linnarsson. Lingula (?) favosa Linnarsson, Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akad. Forhand- lingar, No. 3. Om nagra forsteningar fran Vestergdtlands sandstenslager, p- 356, 1869. Also the English translation, published as a pamphlet, p. 16. Stockholm, 1869. General form ovate, with the ventral valve subacuminate and the dorsal valve obtusely rounded; valves moderately convex. The dorsal valve is abruptly curved Gownward at the beak to the plane of the edge of the shell, while the beak of the ventral valve is slightly above the margin, the posterior edges of the shell curving up to meet it, and thus forming a passage for the pedicle out of a narrow pedicle slit. Surface of the shell marked by very fine concentric lines or stric of growth, crossed transversely by undulating, slightly lamellose lines in almost identically the same manner as in Obolus ( Westonia) stoneanus of the Upper Cambrian of Wisconsin. When the outer surface of the shell is exfoliated or worn off by attrition, which is the usual condition, the surface of the inner layers shows fine, radiating, and concentric striz. The shell is formed of a very thin, highly orna- mented outer layer and numerous inner layers or lamellze; the latter over the anterior portions are oblique to the outer layer, and when the shell is partially exfoliated they appear as imbricating layers, very much as in Obolus matinalis. The largest ventral valve in the collection has a length of 7 mm. and a width of 6mm. An associated dorsal valve 6 mm. long has a width of 6.25 mm. The area of the ventral valve is narrow and rises slightly to meet the beak, which is elevated above the posterior margin. The pedicle 676 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. furrow or slit is short and narrow, and, judging from the appearance of the specimens, where the beak of the valve is broken away it opened into a pedicle chamber that was closed at the outer end as in Obolella crassa and other species of the genus. On the dorsal valve there is no evidence of a true area except in the presence of a narrow, thickened rim somewhat like that of the dorsal valve of Bieta gemma. None of the muscle scars are shown in the ventral valve. The position of the central and anterior lateral scars of the dorsal valve is indicated by the outline of the visceral cavity. Of the vascular markings the main sinuses are clearly shown in each valve, also the outline of the position of the parietal scar. Observations.—This beautiful little shell has remained without illus- tration since Dr. Linnarsson gave it a name in 1869, based on the ‘*singular sculpture” of the outer shell. In a collection made for me by M. Schmalensee, the collector of the Swedish Geological Survey, there were several specimens showing casts of the interior more or less imperfectly. From these I was able to ascertain that the shell had the generic characters of Obolella, although differing from the typical species of that genus in the character of the surface ornamen- tation. The outer surface has been seen only on the posterior umbonal portion of the valves in the shells collected for me by M. Schmalensee. Formation and locality.—Lower Cambrian. Fucoid sandstone. Vestergotland, Bithingen, Sweden. Genus BICIA, new genus. Shell subequivalve, moderately convex; longitudinally ovate, with the ventral valve sometimes subacuminate and the dorsal valve sub- circular. Beaks of both valves as now known terminate at the poste- rior margin. Surface marked by concentric and radiating strive. Shell substance unknown in an unaltered condition. Shell structure formed of a thin surface layer and numerous inner layers or lamelle more or less oblique to the outer layer. Area of the ventral valve usually on the plane of the edges of the valve, but in some instances rising at a low angle; it is usually high, and triangular in outline, but the apex may be rounded and the base curved forward at the median line; divided midway by a narrow pedicle furrow and again at each side by a narrow flexure line that extends forward and outward from the apex. Area of dorsal valve short, appearing in both of the known species to rise from the plane of the edges of the valve. Strie of growth subparallel to the base cross the areas. The main vascular sinuses of the ventral valve are narrow and extend forward from the projecting center of the base of the area, gradually separating as they cross the visceral area and extending for- ward beyond the transverse center of the shell; in the dorsal valve they appear to separate more rapidly and to follow the outer margin f . No. 1229. CAMBRIAN BRACHIOPODA—WALCOTT. 677 rye of the ventral cavity except in the second species. A narrow median septum is indicated in the dorsal valve on the crest of a strong median ridge. One of the striking features in both of the known species of this genus is the oblong oval boss that is present in the ventral valve of most adult shells. It is situated on each side of the forward projecting central portion of the area, with the larger axis extending forward and outward when the shell is subacuminate or transversely when the shell is broadly rounded. In the dorsal valve of LB. gemma it is not so well defined as in L. whiteaves?. The boss is bounded by the margin of the base of the area, the narrow elongate sulcus containing the mar- ginal muscle scars and the base of the main vascular sinuses. In B. whiteavesi it reached its greatest development in both valves, resem- bling in position and surface characters the posterior adductor scars of the Craniide. Somewhat similar bosses occur in the ventral valve of Obolella crassa and Obolus apollinis, pat they are not developed to the extent they are in Bicia. They appear to occur only in those thick shells that have deposits of shell substance over the visceral area. The outline of the parietal scar in the ventral valve incloses a heart- shaped visceral area in the ventral valve, closely circumscribing the muscle scars. Its general course in the dorsal valve is suggested by the position of the muscle scars. Five pairs of muscle scars have been observed. The rather large central scars in the dorsal valve are placed close to the broad median ridge, a little back of the center; the small anterior laterals are slightly in advance of the centrals on the median ridge, close to the median line; the transmedian scars are almost under the edge of the area and near the outer margin; the outside and middle laterals are slightly in advance and further out than the transmedian scars; the centrals, middle laterals, and outside laterals of the ventral valye are grouped in the narrow space on each side of the U-shaped forward projecting portion of the visceral area. Traces of individual scars have been seen, but they can not be separated so as to identify them. The trans- median and anterior lateral scars are close to the outer margin of the valve and just in advance of the oblong boss in front and each side of the forward-projecting base of the area. Umbonal and pedicle scars unknown except what may possibly be a small umbonal scar in the dorsal valve of B. whiteavesi. Type.—Obolella gemma Billings; second species, Bicia whiteavesi Walcott. Observations.—Bicia is a form that combines many of the character- istics of Obolellaand Obolus. It resembles Obolella in the arrangement of the muscle scars and main vascular sinuses of the interior of the valves. It differs in having a high area with an open pedicle groove 678 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. in the ventral valve and an elevated ridge or boss in the back portion of the dorsal valve that in one species, B. whiteaves’, appear to have been the base of attachment of some portion of the muscular system. The ensemble of the dorsal valve of Bicia is unlike that of either Obolella or Obolus. Bicia, with its thick shell, high area, deep central cavity (heart-shaped cavity of Mickwitz), arrangement of visceral cay- ity, muscle scars, and vascular markings in the ventral valve, is a true Obolus of the O. apollinis type, but in its more elongate outline, strongly striated surface, and in nearly all details of the dorsal valve it is quite distinct. Of the two species now referred to, the genus 4. gemma has an unusually thick shell and a very marked deposit of shell substance over the visceral area in the ventral valve, the posterior portion of the same area in the dorsal valve, and along its median line. In the second species there is a considerable deposit over the same area with the exception of the median line, where the strong median ridge is absent. BICIA GEMMA Billings sp. Obolella gemma Bruurxes, Can. Nat., 1872, new ser., VI, p. 218, fig. 5, p. 217. Obolella gemma Waxcorr, Bull. U. 8. Geol. Sur., No. 30, 1886, p. 116, pl. x, figs. 2, 2a-e; Tenth Annual Report U. 8. Geol. Sur., 1881, p. 612, pl. Lxx1, figs. 5, 9a-¢c; pl. Lxxi, figs. 2, 2a. Obolella gemma Hatt and Ciark®, Pal. N. Y., 1892, VIII, Pt. I, pl. 1, figs. 42-44. General form ovate, with ventral valve subacuminate when the beak is extended or obtusely acuminate when the beak is rounded; dorsal valve oval to subcircular in outline. The convexity of the valves is fairly strong and nearly the same in each where they are embedded in the same matrix. Surface of shell marked by numerous slightly irregular concentric strize and lines of growth; by fine radiating strie between stronger radiating lines, and on some shells by undulations of strongly devel- oped, elevated, radiating striz; the radiating striz are often slightly irregular and interrupted. When the outer surface is partially worn away it is smooth, or the shell has a peculiar surface formed by traces of the radiating undulations and striz. The concentric striz and lines of growth are shown on the outer surface of the inner layers of the shell and on the interior surface, where rather strong radiating strie are often beautifully shown. The shell is usually thick and strong for one so small; those from St. Simon and Troy appear to be calcareous and formed of one solid layer. This is probably owing to their condition of preservation, as in a weathered specimen lamelle oblique to the outer surface are clearly shown, and indications of lamellee on the central and posterior portions that point to the same shell structure as in Obolus and Obolella. The ventral valves average about 5 mm. in length; the largest is No. 1229, CAMBRIAN BRACHIOPODA— WALCOTT. One 7mm. Width, average, 4 mm.; largest, 5 mm. The dorsal valve is about one-fifth shorter than the ventral. The area of the ventral valve is usually on the plane of the margins of the valve, but many specimens show it rising at angles varying from1°to10°. It is high and narrow, somewhat as in Obolus (Lingu- lella) acuminatus Mickwitz, and divided midway by a strong, rounded, narrow pedicle furrow; the strie of growth are rather coarse and arch forward at the center and across the pedicle furrow, following the contour of the base of the area; the position of the flexure line is some- times clearly shown by a narrow depression. The area of the dorsal valve is short and easily escapes observation except in well-preserved shells. It sometimes has a slight central pedicle depression, and often is only a short, almost smooth surface extending well out on the cardinal slopes of the valve. The muscle scars, as far as determined, are arranged as in Obolus. The umbonal and pedicle scars have not been observed. The elongate oval central scars are rather large in the dorsal valve, and situated on each side of the strong median ridge about the middle of the valve; in the ventral valve they are crowded in with the scars of the middle and outside laterals; the anterior laterals are barely discernible in one specimen of the dorsal valve as small oval dots on the central ridge a short distance in advance of the centrals. In the ventral valve they are close to the base of the area and near the outer edge of the shell. The middle and outside laterals in the ventral valve are situated in the trapezoidal area, but do not appear to be separable on the specimens in the collection. In the dorsal valve they are well shown in advance of the transmedian scar. The latter in the ventral valve is merged with the anterior lateral. Of the vascular markings the main sinuses of the ventral valve are about all that are clearly shown, although the position of the parietal scar is indicated in advance of the center of the shell. One of the most strongly marked characters of the dorsal valve is the median ridge; it varies in strength and outline in different shells, but is usually a prominent feature; it extends to the frontal margin in most shells, but in some it narrows and is less prominent anteriorly. No. 1230. A REVISION OF CERTAIN ANTENNARIA—NELSON. 13 on somewhat immature specimens, the heads not being fully developed. Maturer specimens have been collected by Leslie Goodding (no. 7288 of the Rocky Mountain Herbarium) in the Laramie Hills, southern Wyoming, June 12,1900. Dr. Rydberg’s no. 795 from the Black Hills exemplify the species in its mature condition, and John Macoun has secured it at Deer Park, Lower Arrow Lake, British Columbia, 1890. aa. Leaves comparatively large. Segregates of the A. PLANTAGINIFOLIA Of the SYNOPTICAL FLora; western allies of A. NEGLECTA. Only the fertile plants known. 32. Antennaria obovata KH. Nelson, Bot. Gaz. 27:213. 1899. Two to 3 dm. high; leaves permanently tomentose on both surfaces, 3-5 cm. long, the blade cuneate-obovate, obtuse, and about 13 mm. broad. Type locality.—‘* Near Soldier Cafion,” Colorado. Collected by Cowan; type in the herbarium of Colorado Agricultural College. Foothills along the eastern base of the mountains in Colorado and in the Black Hills of South: Dakota (Forwood no. 228a, Rydberg no. 793). 33. Antennaria pedicellata Greene, Pittonia 3: 175. 1897. Like A. howellii, but leaves smaller, oblanceolate, acute. with no distinction of blade or petiole and permanently tomentose on both surfaces. Type locality.—** Blue Mountains of Oregon.” Collected by Howell, no. 1522; type in the herbarium of E. L. Greene. A little-known species, closely related to the following. The type specimen is quite noticeably glandular on the leaves, stem, pedicels, and outer bracts of the involucres. G. R. Vasey’s:no. 485, from Wash- ington, seems to belong here. 34. Antennaria howellii Greene, Pittonia 3: 174. 1897. Two to 3 dm. high; stolons slender and prostrate; leaves usually distinctly petioled with cuneate-obovate, acute or acutish blades, glabrous above or nearly so, 3-5 cm. long. Type locality.—* Mt. St. Helen, Oregon.” Collected by Howell; type in the herbarium of E. L. Greene. Oregon to British Columbia and eastward to western Montana. Typical specimens have leaves which are glabrous above but plants with the leaves arachnoid on the upper surfaces are not uncommon. The heads are often on pedicels as long as those of A. pedicellata. 35. Antennaria petasites Greene, Pittonia 3: 277. 1898. Eighteen to 27 cm. high; cauline leaves, ample, green, and glabrous above, 2-3 cm. long, 5 mm. broad; heads panicled, the panicle con- Sa spicuously leafy-bracted. Type locality.—* Sterile knolls and banks, Drew’s Harbour, British Columbia.” Collected by Dawson; type in the herbarium of the Geo- logical Survey of Canada (sheet no. 11292). The type consists of two plants without radical leaves or stolons. The species appear to be related to A. howellii, whose cauline leaves are small and inconspicuous. DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF SNAKE FROM CLARION ISLAND, WEST COAST OF MEXICO. By LEONHARD STEJNEGER, Curator, Division of Reptiles and Batrachians. When exploring the islands off and around Lower California in the spring of 1897, Mr. A. W. Anthony also visited Clarion Island, the most westerly of the Revilla Gigedo group, a small island situated about 400 miles southwest from Cape St. Lucas, Lower California. In addition to the Uta described from the same locality he collected quite a series of a new species of Bascanion, which I take pleasure in naming in honor of its discoverer. BASCANION ANTHONYI, new species. Diagnosis.—Seales in 17 rows; ventrals, 186-204; caudals, 97-112; frontal, at a line between centers of eyes, much narrower than supra- ocular; supralabials 8, fourth and fifth entering eye; a subocular; inter- parietal suture much shorter than distance from tip of snout to frontal; color above walnut brown, more or less uniform, and with scattered black spots. Type.—Cat. No. 24390, U.S.N.M., Clarion Island. A. W. Anthony, collector. : Habitat.—Clarion Island, Revilla Gigedo group, west coast of Mexico. Description of type specimen.—Adult male: Snout rather prominent, the tip extending considerably beyond the lower mandible; part of rostral visible above nearly equals the length of internasal suture, which is about one-half the length of the interprefrontal suture; fron- tal separated from preoculars, long and narrow, its greatest width anteriorly equaling that of the supraoculars; its width, at a line between the centers of the eyes much narrower than the width of the supraoculars at the same line; its length equals its distance from the tip of snout and is longer than parietals; supraoculars large, broadly in PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MuSEuM, VOL. XXIII—No. 1231. 716 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. contact with prefrontals; parietals very short, their length less than frontal and less than twice the length of the interprefrontal suture; interparietal suture much shorter than distance from tip of snout to frontal, equaling interprefrontal and internasal sutures together; loreal rather large, longer than high; one preocular, narrow below and with a very prominent canthal ridge above; a rather large subpre- ocular; two postoculars; temporals, 2-2-2; eye very large, its horizon- tal diameter equaling its distance from the nostril, and two-thirds the length of the frontal; 8 supralabials, seventh and eighth subequal and largest, fourth and fifth entering eye; 7 lower labials, four in contact with anterior pair of chin-shields; posterior pair of chin-shields about the same length as anterior pair but considerably narrower; scales in 17 rows, smooth, with two apical pits; ventrals obtusely angulate laterally, 194; anal divided; subcaudals 112. Color above walnut brown, deepest toward the tip of each scale, and with blackish brown narrow linear spots, never longer than a scale, sparsely and irregularly scattered over the back and sides; head more uniformly pale walnut brown with a few irregularly scattered blackish dots, and a few obscure dusky marbling on lores and labials; under side pale, sprinkled irregularly with slate-colored dotlets, which toward the head become more pro- nounced and collected as two parallel longitudinal zones; chin and throat more definitely but irregularly marked with larger spots of the same color. Dimensions.—Total length, 1,450 mm.; tail, 360 mm. Variation.—In a much younger specimen, Cat. No. 24383, U.S.N.M., about 820 mm. in length, the coloration above is more grayish and entirely uniform, without the blackish spots; the under side is also uniform pale, with no markings except a few dusky dots on the neck; the sides of the head are brownish like the top, with the indication of a dusky longitudinal band on the upper half of the supralabials; the lower part of the latter as well as throat yellowish; preoculars and postoculars, together with a band from the former to the nostril, likewise yellowish. In this specimen the parietals are slightly larger in proportion and the frontal wider. In some of the other specimens, intermediate in size between the two specimens mentioned, the dark markings on the chin, throat, and fore neck are very pronounced and the dusky mottlings on the rest of the underside very dense, only leaving a pale line on the angle of the belly, while in others they are condensed into two fairly distinct paral- lel longitudinal bands with a pale zoné down the middle of the body. Remarks.—In general appearance this species presents closer analogy to younger specimens of the eastern typical form of Bascanion flagel- lum than to B. flagellum frenatum, though showing indications of the peculiar facial pattern of the latter. It is, however, well differentiated @ No. 1231. NEW SPECTES OF SNAKE—STEJNEGER. 717 by en very flor ‘parietals, ee prefrontals, iene. Fecnalt as seen from below, and larger eyes. List of Specimens of Bascanion anthony. U. oat. M. Sex and age. Locality. F Same A ~ | veontras Caudals.| Remarks. | a 94382 | Male adult. -- |© larion Island | A.W.Anthony SG a | ene = PURO Oe OUN Ce nae | =oe me One aes \Seeee onsen 204 | 107 24384 | Male adultese|o = donee alee doen | 192s |aeeee ne 24385 te ble es Gomes \eeeeees dot ee 189 97 24386 | Femaleadult-!----- (Vo eee |eeeuirs GoOgeme ee | 187 105 24387 | Femaleadult.|.---- OMe tee sak lo meas | 193 | 98 24388 | Femaleadult.|.--- - Orel es lowes as 196 109 24389 | Femaleadult-!---- - Gomes lene Goneseere | 191 ia. eke 24390 | Maleadult---'.---- donae teat 2 dons 2s .e | 494", 9 112) | Type: 24391 | Femaleadult.|..-- - oun r ales at doseeecee We SO 4a lea tae oe : 24392 | Maleadult...|.---- downs s2s [Beate GOp ae | TS Zia ieee oe 94393 | Femaleadult_!.....do--.----- eee ORs | 190 Siete se 24394 | Male adult...|..--- Rowe = eee doen | 189 | i Geog er | : ON THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE LUTIANOID FISH, APHAREUS FURCATUS. By Davin Starr JORDAN and Epwin CHAPIN STARKS, J Of the Leland Stanford Junior University. A single specimen of the rare Lutianoid fish, Aphareus furcatus, 23 inches in length, was obtained by Dr. Kakichi Mitsukuri at Odawara, on Sagami Bay, in Japan. It was presented to the Museum of Stan- ford University by the Imperial University, with the label ** Unknown fish from Odawara.” The specimen differs from the published descriptions in having the jaws absolutely toothless, but the specimens from which the descrip- tions were taken were small, and the teeth are doubtless deciduous. APHAREUS FURCATUS. (Plate XX VIII. ) Head 32 in length; depth 33. Dorsal X, 11; Anal III, 8. Scales 9, 72, 15. Eye 53 in head; snout 28; maxillary 14. Body moderately elongate and compressed, tapering to a rather long raudal peduncle. Head large, slightly concave above eye; snout pointed. Lower jaw produced, its end squarish with the lower angle anterior to upper. Mouth large, somewhat oblique. Kdges of jaws very slightly roughened anteriorly, but no teeth are present. Yomer and palatines toothless. Maxillaries scarcely protractile; upper edge covered by preorbital nearly to posterior end. Nostrils close together, placed about half an eye’s diameter anterior to eye. Longest gill- rakers about equal to diameter of eye. Their number is 17+-34. Top of head, suborbital ring, preorbital maxillaries, lower Jaw naked. Preopercle, upper part of clavicle, exposed portion of supra- clavicle, and a Y-shaped tract at temporal region following supratem- poral sensory canals naked. Seales all cycloid. Opercles and suboper- cles entirely scaled and cheeks with about seven rows of scales; a patch of scales at temporal region; scales of back extending forward to occiput. Lateral line concurrent with dorsal outline. No scales on fins, except a few on base of pectoral and much crowded rows coverin oO 5 PROCEEDINGS U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. XXIII—No. 1232. 719 720 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. base of caudal rays and extending between rays from where they branch nearly to their tips. Dorsal fin without notch between spinous and soft parts. First dorsal spine about a third the height of the second. Third, fourth, and fifth about equal, the spines thence growing slightly shorter, the tenth about equaling the second. First dorsal ray articulated but not branched. Its height slightly less than that of last spine. The rays thence grow- ing slightly shorter to before the last, which is at least (its tip is broken) twice as long as preceding one. First anal spine less than a fourth the height of the second and third, which are subequal. The rays about equal in height to the dorsal rays; the last ray about two and a half times the preceding one. Pectoral long and falcate. Its tip reaching to below base of first dorsal rays. Its lower rays produced, making its posterior outline very concave, more acutely curved below. Distance from tips of ventrals to front of anal half eye’s diameter less than their length. Caudal widely forked. Color of old alcoholic specimen somewhat silvery, darker on back, slightly iridescent toward head. Naked areas of head seal brown. Upper edge of mandible, a space back of maxillary, and border of pre- orbital darker. Dorsal dusky anteriorly, light posteriorly. Other fins colorless. Measurements of Aphareus furcatus. Length without caudal expressed in millimeters .-..--- 480 Head expressed in hundredths of length -...--......-.. 31 Depth e236 as sea oe eee ean ee eee eee eee 28 BVCb Sos oN S at cea Rees cae ee sen eee eae 5: | Meisel airy Sete See eee re ge ee ey ee eee 16: | | Hele hhoriomctihig orsal spinGe sss enase seo ane eee eee 11 | ly Heightofisccond anal spine se oa) eae one eee eee 5 engthiot pectoral Characters of the genus included above. (“ovos, one; 7Té€pPoOr, fin.) 1. MONOPTERUS ALBUS (Zuiew). Murena alba Zutrw, Nov. Act. Ac. Sci. Petropol, 1793, p. 299, pl. vit, fig. 2. Monopterus javanois LackPrpE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., I1, 1798, p. 139, Java. Monopterus javanensis SCHNEIDER, Syst. Ichth., 1801, p. 565, after Lacépéde.—Can- ror, Malayan Fish, 1850, p. 339, pl. v, figs. 6-8.—B.irrKker, Atlas Ichth. Mur. 1864, p. 118, pl. xivn, fig. 1, Java, Sumatra, Banka, Bintang, Borneo, Cel- ebes.—GinTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 14, Batavia, Borneo, Sarawak, Siam, Formosa, Chusan, Hongkong, Ningpo, North China, Japan, and of authors generally. Unibranchapertura levis LAckpkpr, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 1803, p. 658, pl. xvi, fig. 3. Monopterus levis Ricnarpson, Voy. Sulphur, Ichth., p. 116, Hongkong. Symbranchus eurychasma BLEEKER, Verh. Bat. Gen. Mureen, X XV, p. 60. Ophicardia phayriana McCLELLAND, Caleutta Journ. Nat. Hist., V, pp. 191, 218, pl. x11, fig. 1, River Ganges. N0.1239. 4 PODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 839 Monopterus cinereus RicHARDsSON, Voyage Sulphur, p. 117, pl. un, figs. 1-6 (Exel. syn. ), Chusan, Woosung. Monopterus (2) wanthognathus Ricuarpson, Voy. Sulphur, p. 118, pl. wr, fig. 7, Canton. Monopterus marmoratus TemmMinck and ScHurGEL, Richardson, Ichth. China, 1846, p. 315, Chusan. Monopterus helvolus RicHarpson, Ichth. China, p. 316, Canton. Apterigia saccogularis BastLewsky, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Nat. Moscow, X, 1855, p. 247, pl. vu, fig. 2, Tschili. Apterigia nigromaculata Basttewsky, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Nat. Moscow, X, p. 248, pl. u, fig. 2, Peking. Apterigia immaculata BastLewsky, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Nat. Moscow, X, p. 248, Peking. Head 13 in length, its depth greater than that of body, 1% in its length; depth 22 (17 to 26) in length. Jaws heavy, the lower shorter; maxillary 2 in head; teeth small, mostly uniserial. Eye very small, over middle of maxillary. Gill openings inferior, confluent in a semicircular slit. Tail very short, pointed, 2% in rest of body. Dor- sal fin very low, beginning close behind vent. Anal very indistinct, about half length of dorsal; no pectorals. Color in spirits blackish olive, with traces of darker and paler streaks and mottlings; a dark eross-band behind head; in life with yellowish streaks and dashes and dark dots above. Length 1 to 2 feet. Fresh waters and rice ditches of China, Korea, and southward to Java, Borneo, and Siam, north to the Riu Kiu Islands; our specimens, four in number, were collected by Mr. Tashiro on the island of Oki- nawa, where it is known as Ta-unagi or rice-field eel. The present description is taken from specimen No. 69, in the Imperial Museum at Tokyo, from the island of Amami-Oshima in the northern Riu Kiu group. It is a foot in length. The specimen is recorded as © Moringua javanica” in Dr. Ishikawa’s list. (a/bus, white.) @OrderAPODES: EELS. Teleost fishes with the premaxillaries atrophied or lost, the maxil- laries lateral, and the body anguilliform and destitute of ventral fins. The most striking feature is the absence of the premaxillaries, taken in connection with the elongate form and the little development of the scapular arch, which is not attached to the cranium. Other characters not confined to the Apodes are the following: The absence of the symplectic bone, the reduction of the opercular apparatus and of the palatopterygoid arch, the absence of ventral fins, the absence of the mesocoracoid or preecoracoid arch, and the reduction or total absence of the scales. There are no spines in the fins, the gill openings are comparatively small, and there are no pseudobranchie. The vertebrae are in large number and none of them are specially modified. The tail 840 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. is isocercal—that is, with the caudal vertebrae remaining in a straigh line to its extremity, as in the embryos of most fish, and in the Anacanthini. We begin our discussion of the eels with the forms which seem near- est to the primitive stock from which the members of the group have descended. It is evident that among the eels the forms of simplest structure, Sphagebranchus, etc., are not in any sense primitive forms, but the results of long-continued and progressive degeneration, so far— as the fins and mouth parts are concerned. The Apodes are probably — descended from soft-rayed fishes, and their divergence from typical forms is, in most respects, a retrogression. (a@-without; zovs, foot, from the absence of ventral fins.) FAMILIES OF APODES. a. Enchelycephali: Gill openings well developed, leading to large interbranchial slits; tongue present; opercles and branchial bones well developed; scapular arch present. b. Skin covered with rudimentary embedded scales, usually linear in form, arranged in small groups, and placed obliquely at right angles to those of neighboring groups; pectorals and vertical fins well developed, the latter con- fluent about the tail; lateral line present; posterior nostril in front of eyes; tongue with its margins free. c. Gill openings well separated; branchiostegals long, bent upwards behind. d. Gill openings lateral and vertical; snout conic, the jaws not very heavy; gape longitudinal; lips thick; lower jaw projecting; teeth in cardiform bands on jaws and vomer; eggs minute............--- ANGUILLID#. II. cc. Gill openings inferior, very close together, apparently confluent; branchios- tegal rays abbreviated behind; head conical; tongue small; posterior nos- trilsin trOnt Ol yet eases ee eee ee SYNAPHOBRANCHID®. ITI, bb. Seales wholly wanting; eggs, so far as known, of moderate size, much as in ordinary fishes. e. Tail not much if any shorter than rest of body; heart placed close behind the gills. J. Tip of tail with a more or less distinct fin, the dorsal and anal fins con- fluent around it; the tail sometimes ending in a long filament. Color- ation almost always plain, brownish, blackish, or silvery, the fins often black-margined. g. Posterior nostril without tube, situated entirely above the upper lip. h. Tongue broad, largely free anteriorly and on sides; vomerine teeth moderate. i. Pectoral fins well developed; body not excessively elongate; lower jaw not projecting; anterior nostril remote from eye. LeprocerpHaALipa®. LV. hh. Tongue narrow, adnate to the floor of the mouth or only the tip slightly free; yvomerine teeth well developed, sometimes enlarged. j. Jaws not attenuate and recurved at tip; gill openings well sepa- rated; anterior nostril remote from eye. k. Pectoral fins well developed; skin thick; skeleton firm; snout moderate; tail not ending in a filiform tip. Mur&Nesocip&. V. NO, 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 841 kk. Pectoral fins wholly wanting; snout and jaws much_ pro- duced, the upper longer; jaw straight; skin thin, ‘the skeleton weak; tail ending in a filiform tip; gill openings small, subinferior; teeth sharp, subequal, recurved; a long series on the yomer; deep-sea eels, soft in body. Nerrastomip®. VI. gg. Posterior nostril close to the edge of the upper lip; tongue more or less fully adnate to the floor of the mouth; teeth subequal. Myripm. VII. Jf. Tip of tail without rays, projecting beyond the dorsal and anal fins, (not filiform) ; posterior nostril on the edge of the upper lip; anterior nostril near tip of snout, usually in a small tube; tongue usually adnate to the floor of the mouth. Coloration frequently variegated. Opnicnruyipa. VIII. ee. Tail much shorter than the trunk; heart situated at a great distance behind the gills; pectorals small or wanting; vertical fins little devel- oped; body slender, cylindrical; gill openings narrow, inferior. Morrineuipm. IX. aa. Colocephali: Gill openings small, roundish, leading to restricted interbranchial slits; tongue wanting; pectoral fins (typically) wanting; opercles feebly devel- oped; fourth gill arch modified, strengthened, and supporting pharyngeal jaws. 1. Scapular arch obsolete or represented by cartilage; heart not far back; pectorals wanting; skin thick; coloration often variegated ...-....-.--- Mura&nipm X. Family Il. ANGUILLID. TRUE EELS. The true eels, or Anguillida, are characterized by their scaly skin in association with a conical head and a general resemblance to the Con- gers. The group-is thus diagnosed by Dr. Gill: *t Enchelycephalous Apodals with conical head, well-developed opercular apparatus, lateral maxillines, cardiform teeth, distinct tongue, vertical lateral branchial apertures, continuous vertical fins, with the dorsal far from the head, pectorals well developed, scaly skin, and nearly perfect branchial skeleton.” The Anguillide approach more nearly than most of the other eels to the type of the true fishes. In one respect, that of the minute ova and concealed generation, however, they differ widely from these. The single genus of living Anguillidw is widely diffused in temperate and tropical waters. Unlike the other eels the Angucllidw freely ascend the rivers, descending to the sea for purposes of reproduc- tion. One genus, with five or more valid species. a. Dorsal fin inserted well behind base of pectorals; shoulder girdle well developed; Monee TEA ROHN. ee ab ood anoba soso se aSeanoe Roars oe tae Inguilla. 2. 842 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. 2. ANGUILLA Shaw. EELS. Anguilla SHaw, General Zodlogy, LV, 1804, p. 15 (anguilla). Murena BuEEkeEr, Poey, etc. (taking as type Murena anguilla, the first species mentioned by Artedi under Murena). Body elongate, compressed behind, covered with embedded scales which are linear in form and placed obliquely, some of them at right angles to others. Lateral line well developed. Head long, conical, moderately pointed, the rather small eye well forward and over the angle of the mouth. Teeth small, subequal, in bands on each jaw and a long patch on the vomer. Tongue free at tip. Lips rather full, with a free margin behind, attached by a frenum in front. Lower jaw projecting. Gill openings rather small, slit-like, about as wide as base of pectorals and partly below them. Nostrils superior, well separated, the anterior with a slight tube. Vent close in front of anal. Dorsal inserted at some distance from the head, confluent with the anal around the tail. Pectorals well developed. Species found in most warm seas (the eastern Pacific excepted), ascending streams, but mostly spawning in the sea. The eels often move for a considerable distance on land in damp grass. Waterfalls, dams, and other obstructions are often passed in this way. It is thought that the eel spawns only in the sea, the female dying after having once produced ova. The females are larger than the males, paler in color, with smaller eyes and higher fins. Eels are among the most voracious of fishes. ‘‘On their hunting excursions they overturn alike huge and small stones, beneath which they find species of shrimp and cray- fish, of which they are excessively fond. Their noses are poked into every imaginable hole in their search for food, to the terror of innu- merable small fishes.” The single Japanese species differs very slightly, if at all, from the American eel Angu7lla chrysypa. (Angu- illa, the eel.) 2. ANGUILLA JAPONICA Schlegel. UNAGI (EEL); O-UNAGI (GREAT EEL); GOMA-UNAGI (CARAWAY-SEED OR SPECKLED EEL). Anguilla japonica SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, 1847, p. 258, pl. cxin, fig. 2, Naga- saki.—BLEEKER, Verh. Bot. Gen., XX V, Japan, p. 51.—Kwner, Novara Fische, p. 870.—JorpDAN and Snyper, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1900, p. 348, Yokohama. Murxna pekinensis Bastuewsky, Nouy. Mém. Soc. Nat. Mose., X, 1855, p, 246, pl. m1, fig. 2, Pekin. Anguilla vulgaris, bengalensis, and mauritiana Isarkawa, Prel. Cat. Fish, p. 7, 1897, Hitaka, Tokyo, Hashigo, Zensho, Sagami, Awa, Kadzusa. Head about 24 in trunk, upper jaw 34 in head, distance from front ot dorsal to vent a little less than head; pectoral, 3 in head; distance ioe terse ed aittare NO, 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 843 from snout to dorsal, 34 in length. Dark brown or yellowish brown above, rarely marbled; abruptly paler below; pectoral pale; dorsal, anal, and caudal edged behind with black. Length, 2 to 5 feet. Streams, lakes, and estuaries of Japan, almost everywhere very com- mon; our specimens from Hakodate, Aomori, Same, Matsushima, Sendai, Tokyo, Misaki, Wakanoura, Omura Bay, Kurume, and Naga- saki. In southern Japan very large examples 4 or 5 feet long are some- times taken. The species is very similar to the American eel (Anguilla chrysypa Ratinesque), differing in a very slightly more anterior dorsal and more blackish edging to the tins behind, matters of very slight importance. This species is known to fishermen as ‘‘unagi,” the very large ones as ‘‘ounagi,” or great eel. The name ‘“coma-unagi,” or caraway-seed eel, is given to speckled individuals. Family III. SYNAPHOBRANCHID. This group consists of deep-sea eels, differing from the Anguill/de in having the gill openings externally confluent into a single slit. The following diagnosis is given by Dr. Gill: Enchelycephalous apodals, with conic, pointed head; moderate opercular apparatus, lateral maxillines, cardiform teeth, distinct tongue, inferior branchial apertures discharging by a common aper- ture, continuous vertical fins, pectorals well developed, scaly skin, and nearly perfect branchial skeleton. Body eel-shaped, covered with linear, embedded scales placed at right angles, as in Anguilla. Lateral line present. Head long and pointed, the snout produced. Mouth very long, the eye being over the middle of its cleft. Jaws about equal; teeth small, sharp, in a broad band in each jaw, becoming a single series anteriorly; those of inner series in upper jaw and of outer series in mandible somewhat enlarged; vomerine teeth in a narrow band anteriorly. Gill openings inferior, horizontal, close together, convergent forward, somewhat confluent at the surface, but separated by a considerable isthmus within. Branchiostegals peculiarly formed, in) moderate number (about 15), attached to the sides of the compressed ceratohyal and epihyal, slender, abbreviated, and moderately bowed, not being curved up above the operculum. Tongue long, free only at the sides. Nos- trils large, the anterior with a short tube, the posterior before the lower part of the eye. Pectoral well developed; dorsal low, begin- ning behind vent; anal longer than dorsal, rather high, its rays slen- der, branched, not embedded in the skin; vertical fins confluent around the tail. Vent near the anterior fourth of the body. Muscular and osseous system well developed. Stomach very distensible. Deep-sea fishes; two genera, with 6 or 8 species known. S44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. a. Dorsal fin low, beginning behind vent; vomerine feeth in a single patch; pecto- rals long, longer than the rather slender snout _.......---- Synaphobranchus. 3. aa. Dorsal fin beginning close behind base of pectorals; vomerine teeth in two patches, one behind the other; pectorals short, not longer than the short snout: tsk Ee a eee ee ee ee eee ae Tlistiobranchus. 4. 3. SYNAPHOBRANCHUS Johnson. Synaphobranchus Jounxson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1862, p. 169, (kawpii). Dorsal beginning behind vent. This genus contains two or three species, deep-sea fishes from the Atlantic and Pacific. (cvvadns, united; Ppayyia, gills.) a. Dorsal inserted directly over or very slightly behind vent..--........-- affinis. 3. aa. Dorsal inserted behind vent at a distance equal to three-fifths length of head iraconis. 4. aaa. Dorsal inserted behind vent at a distance equal to length of head... -jenkinsi. 5. 3. SYNAPHOBRANCHUS AFFINIS (Gunther). Synaphobranchus afinis GUNtnHER, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., XX, 1877, p. 445, Enoshima (misprinted Inosima), Japan.—Jorpan and Snyper, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1900, p. 348 (off Tokyo; A/batross Coll. ). Dorsal fin beginning very close behind vent; head and trunk, 2% in tail; maxillary, 13 in head, not nearly reaching gill opening; head, 24 in distance from tip of snout to dorsal, 14 in trunk; snout, 3 in head; eye, 2 in snout; cleft of mouth, 1? in head; pectoral, 24 in head; its insertion nearer snout than anus. Uniform bluish brown, with fine dots; pores of lateral line pale, about 20 before vent; pectorals pale; vertical fins darker behind, light-edged anteriorly; inside of mouth blue-black; gill openings dark. Coasts of Japan and southward to the Philippines, in 400 to 600 fathoms; not rare; our numerous speci- mens from Totomi Bay (off Hamamatsu), station 2730, Albatross, off Tokyo, collection of U. S. Fish Commission steamer A/batross, and off Misaki (collection of Alan Owston). The species is very close to S. pinnatus of the Atlantic, which Dr. Giinther regards in the Chal- lenger Report as the same species. He gives a good figure of a speci- men from south of Tokyo,' under the name of Synaphobranchus pin- natus. The species described and figured by Jordan and Evermann, following Goode and Bean, under the name of Synaphobranchus pin- natus is evidently different, having the dorsal much farther back. (S. ajfinis, related to S. p/nnatus.) 4. SYNAPHOBRANCHUS IRACONIS Jordan and Snyder, new species. Dorsal fin beginning far behind vent at a distance equal to ? the head’s length; maxillary, 15 in head; head, 12 in trunk; head and trunk, 23 in tail; snout, 3} in head; eye, 2} in snout; pectoral, long, ' Challenger Report, p. 253, pl. uxu, fig. A. no.1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 845 * in head, its insertion nearer tip of snout than vent. Uniform dull brown. One specimen taken in 200 fathoms depth off the coast of Myiako, in Rikuchu (north of Sendai), by Mitonubu Irako, director of the Museum of Morioka, and by him presented to the museum of Stanford University. The species is related to Synaphobranchus brevi- cence Fig. 1.—SYNAPHOBRANCHUS IRACONIS. dorsalis, figured by Giinther from the coast of New Guinea. The greater length of the tail, the larger mouth, larger pectoral, and espe- cially the anterior insertion of the dorsal should separate the present species. Type. —No. 6465, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum. Named for Mitonubu Lrako. 5. SYNAPHOBRANCHUS JENKINSI Jordan and Snyder, new species. Head, 12 in trunk; head and trunk, 22 in tail; distance from snout to front of dorsal, 23 in total length; distance from vent to front of dorsal equal to head; snout, 3 in head; cleft of mouth, 1% in head; teeth very small, subequal; eye, 2 in snout; pectoral, 24 in head. Color brown above, purplish black below, and on head and lining membranes. This species is allied to Synaphobranchus brevidorsalis Giinther, from the Philippines, but the insertion of the dorsal is much in front of the middle of the body, while in the latter species it is much behind. ess FIG, 2.—SYNAPHOBRANCHUS JENKINSI. One specimen, 164 inches long (Type No. 49727, U.S.N.M.), from Station 3696, in Sagami Bay, off Enoshima, taken by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross in 1901. Doubtless the specimen referred to Synaphobranchus brevidorsal/s from the Hyalonema ground, off Enoshima, belongs to this species. Named for Dr. Oliver Peebles Jenkins, in recognition of his work on the fishes of Hawaii. 846 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. 4. HISTIOBRANCHUS Gill. Histiobranchus Giuu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1883, p. 255 (infernalis). This genus is close to the preceding, from which it is distinguished by the more anterior insertion of its dorsal. Two species have been described, perhaps identical with each other. (zoTiov, sail, i. e., dor- sal fin; Beayyia, gills; from the insertion of the dorsal.) 6. HISTIOBRANCHUS BATHYBIUS (Giunther.) Synaphobranchus bathybius Gtinruer, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., XX, 1877, p. 445; and in Voy. Challenger, 1887, p. 254, pl. Lxu, fig. b, off Tokyo, North Pacific, Kerguelen Island. Histiobranchus bathybius JorpAN and EvrerMann, Fish. N. M. America, I, 1896, p. 352, Bering Sea. Pectoral fin longer than snout; eye one-half or two-thirds of the length of snout; head and trunk 14 in tail; dorsal beginning above or immediately behind the pectoral, which is only one-third length of head; scales quite rudimentary, lanceolate, imbedded in the skin; cheeks naked; dorsal and anal fins low, especially the former. Uni- formly black. (Giinther.) Northern and western Pacific in deep water off Tokyo, not obtained by us; one specimen taken in Bering Sea in 1890. (Baus, deep; Bios, life.) Family IV. LEPTOCEPHALIDZE. CONGER EELS. This family includes those eels which are scaleless, and have the tongue largely free in front, the body moderately elongate, the end of the tail surrounded by a fin, the posterior nostril remote from the upper lip and near front of eye, and the pectoral fins well developed. Lower jaw more or less included; teeth on sides forming a cutting edge; lateral line well developed. All the species are plainly colored, grayish or dusky above, silvery below. Species found in most warm seas, usually at moderate depths. Most of the species undergo a metamorphosis, the young being loosely organized and transparent, band-shaped, and with very small head. The body grows smaller with increased age, owing to the compacting of the tissues. The two genera found in Japan are not well separated and should perhaps be reunited. a. Insertion of dorsal over or behind middle of pectoral; tail notably longer than rest of body; muciferous cavities of skull small ....--....-.. Leptocephalus. 5. aa. Insertion of dorsal before middle of pectoral; snout and mouth smaller; skull more Cavernous. b. Teeth mostly pointed;! tail not half longer than rest of body... -- Congrellus. 6. Teeth blunt or molar in Congermurena (type habenata). NO. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 847 5}, JL ja Pina PsA WIS) S@oysxoollna CONGER EELS. (a) Larval forms. Leptocephalus Scorout, Int. Hist. Nat., 1777, p. 453 (morriss?). Oxyurus RAFINESQUE, Caratteri, 1810, p. 19 (vermiformis). Helmictis RAFINESQUE, Indice d’Ittiologia Siciliana, 1810, p. 62 (punctatus) . Helmichthys Costa, Fauna Napoli, Pesci, 1854 (diaphanus). ? Leptocephalichthys BLEEKER, Act. Soc. Sci. Ind. Nederl., I, Manado, p. 69 (hyp- selosoma). ? Diaphanichthys Prerers, Monatsber. Ak. Wiss. Berl., 1864, p. 399 (brevicaudus). (b) Adult forms. Echelus RAFINESQUL, Caratteri, etc., 1810, p. 63 (in part, includes species of Con- ger, Ophisoma, and Myrus; restricted by Bleeker to Myrus). Conger CuviER Regne Animal, 2d ed., 1829, p. 350 (conger). Ariosoma Swarnson, Nat. Hist. Class’n Fishes, I, 1838, p. 220 (no type men- tioned; diagnosis worthless) . Ophisoma Swatnson, Nat. Hist. Class’n Fishes, II, 1889, p. 334 (acuta). Sub- stitute for Ariosoma; not Ophisomus, Swainson, Nat. Hist., Class’n Fishes, II, 1839, p. 227 = Murenoides, Lacépéde. Congrus RicHarpson, Voyage Erebus and Terror, p. 107, 1844 (conger). ? Gnathophis Kaur, Aale Hamburg. Mus., 1859, p. 7 (heterognathus) . Body formed as in Anguilla, the skin secaleless. Head depressed above, anteriorly pointed. Lateral line present. Mouth wide, its cleft extending at least to below middle of eye. Teeth in outer series in each jaw equal and close-set, forming a cutting edge; no canines; band of vomerine teeth short. Tongue anteriorly free. Vertical fins well developed, confluent around the tail; pectoral fins well developed; dorsal beginning close behind pectorals. Gill openings rather large, low. Eyes well developed. Posterior nostril near eye; anterior near tip of snout, with a short tube. Lower jaw not projecting. Skeleton differing in numerous respects from that of Anguilla. Vertebre about 56 + 100. In most warm seas. This genus contains the well- known and widely distributed Conger eel and three or four closely related species. The earliest generic name used for members of the group is Leptocephalus, based on a curious, elongate, transparent, band- like creature with minute head and very small mouth, found in the waters of Europe, and known as Leptocephalus morrissi. This has been shown by Gill, Giinther, and Facciola to be the young and larval form of Leptocephalus conger. A namber of the genera and species of the supposed family of Leptocephalidee have been described, but there is no doubt that all of them are larvee murenda, Nettastoma, and Oxystomus; others of Isospondylous fishes, as Albula, Elops, Alepocephalus, Stomias, ete.' It is thought by Dr. some of eels, as Conger, Conger- Gunther, Cat., VIII, p. 136. 848 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. Giinther that the Leptocephalid forms are probably ** individuals arrested in the development at avery early period of their life, yet continuing to grow to a certain size, without corresponding develop- ment of their internal organs, and perishing without having attained the characters of the perfect animal.” The recent observations of Dr. Gilbert on the larvee of Albula, Hlops, and Conger, however, seem to point to the conclusion that these curious forms are normal young, and that the individuals grow smaller in size for a time with increased age, owing to the increasing compactness of the tissues. Inasmuch as the name Leptocephalus has been associated for more than acentury with larval forms, it is a decided inconvenience to accord to it precedence as a generic name over Conger. The strict law of pri- ority, however, demands its retention, and the tendency among syste- matic zoologists is to recognize as few exceptions as may be to this rule. The unfamiliar names Oxvyurus and /fleliictis are both earlier than Conger. (Aewros, slender; Kedah, head.) The species of this genus are very difficult to determine. Among those found in Japan four are unquestionably valid myriaster, japoni- cus, nystrom?, and retrotinctus, but the other three may be forms of JApOnicus. a. Lateral line with each pore in the center of a whitish spot, these close set, as wide as the interspaces; about 38 before vent; head above with cross-series of many white pores, obscure in the young; adult with a series of round, wide-set whitish spots on each side of back; lower jaw included; pectoral more or less dusky, the dorsal inserted nearly above its tip; dorsal and anal with broad black mar- CIN Poa e nae Se soe Stores Ce ek See eee eete Ce ee ae = ae myriaster. 7. aa. Lateral line without pale dots or with them very inconspicuous, not so broad as the interspaces; head with cross-series of conspicuous pores, the pores uncol- ored, like pin pricks; no pale spots on sides of back. b. Dorsal fin beginning over or behind tip of pectoral; pores before vent about 40; maxillary reaching posterior border of pupil; pectorals chiefly black; dorsal and anal with broad black margin. ce. Head, 12in trunk; head and’ trunk, 1? im tail_2-----25-2--2 ===! erebennus. 8. ce, Heads 12 inttrunk;shead and tronk. 14 in tail S2e 25-2 e =e kiusiuanus. 9. d. Pectorals pale; dorsal and anal with very little black margin or none; head suri strana AS sara prea Sa pa eae Sk nea ren japonicus. 10. bb. Dorsal fin beginning nearly over middle of pectoral; dorsal and anal with broad black margins. e. Dorsal and anal each with a broad margin for their whole length. Mouth large, the maxillary extending to posterior margin of eye; eye, 63 in head; jaws subequal; tail twice length of rest of body; 36 whitish pores in advance of vent; no white spots on sides of back; dorsal and anal broadly edged with black; tail not white-edged; pectoral pale, the dor- sal beginning above its middle. ............-..-..-<.-- riukiuanus. 11. ce. Mouth moderate, the maxillary not extending beyond pupil; pores before vent about 40; trunk very short, containing head 14 times; lower jaw short; mouth small, the maxillary to below middle of eye, 3 in head. -nystromi. 12. ee. Dorsal and anal pale, the posterior portion for about the length of the head, jet black; pores of lateral line, wide set, about 30 before vent; pores minute; mouth small; pectorals pale.....-..--.-. retrotinctus. 13. no.1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 849 7. LEPTOCEPHALUS MYRIASTER (Brevoort). MAANAGO, TRUE CONGER. Anguilla myriaster Breyoorr, U.S. Expd. Japan, 1856, p. 282, pl. x1, fig. 2, froma rough but characteristic drawing made at Hakodate. Leptocephalus myriaster JORDAN and Snyper, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1900, X XIII, p. 347, Tokyo, Hakodate. Conger vulgaris IsHikAwa, Prel. Cat. Fish., 1897, p. 7, Hakodate, Tokyo. Head, 1, in trunk (12 in young); head and trunk, 14 in tail (12 in voung); lower jaw included; snout blunt, 4 in head; eye, 2 in snout, rather small; mouth moderate, the maxillary 24 in head, reaching pos- terior part of pupil; pectoral rounded, 2? in head, the dorsal inserted over its last third or fourth, dorsal and anal rather high. Color dusky brown, paler below; a row of round whitish spots along side of back, regularly placed, beginning with a median spot at the nape, these spots found in no other species; lateral line very distinct, of a row of close-set white pores, just below the lateral line itself, about 38 of these before the vent; a cross series of 16 to 24 whitish pores on nape, just before the median spot; four series of small pores running forward from this; numerous stellate pores, regularly arranged about eye, on snout and on opercle; dorsal and anal each with a broad black median band meeting around the tail; pectoral more or less dusky in adult, pale in the young. Description from a specimen 23 inches long from Hakodate. Others from Hiroshima, Tokyo, Onomichi, Nagasaki, and elsewhere agree in essential respects, the pores on the head indistinct in those under 6 inches in length. Coasts of Japan, very abundant; obtained by us at Mororan, Mat- sushima, Same, Hakodate, Tokyo, Misaki, Hiroshima, Wakanoura, Kobe, Onomichi, Hakata, and Nagasaki. It reaches a length of 2 to 4 feet and is much used as food: (upios, myriad; ao TH, star, from the stellate spots, which at once separate this species from other congers). 8. LEPTOCEPHALUS EREBENNUS Jordan and Snyder, new species. DAINANANAGO (FORMOSA CONGER); KANAKIUIANAGO (CRAB-EATING CONGER). ? Conger vulgaris SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, 1847, p. 259, Nagasaxi; not of Kuro- pean waters. Head, 13 in trunk; head and trunk, 14 in tail; lower jaw not very short; snout moderate, 4in head; eye, 1? in snout; mouth rather large, the maxillary 27 in head, extending to opposite posterior border of pupil; pectoral rounded, 3 in head; dorsal inserted over its tip; distance from gill opening to front of dorsal, 23 in head, dorsal and anal high. Color almost black, the sides marbled, the belly mottled dusky; Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii 54. 850 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VoL. XX. dorsal and anal blackish, with a jet-black margin; lateral line blackish, with a row of whitish dots, like pin pricks, its whole length; about 38 before vent; cross-series of pores on nape not evident; pectoral dusky with a whitish edge behind and below; no white spots on back; no white on tail. Described from a specimen 193 inches long, obtained at Misaki. Type No. 6466, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum. We refer to this species a large specimen also from Misaki, having the dorsal inserted farther backward. Head, 14 in trunk; head and trunk, 14 in tail; cleft of mouth extending to just beyond pupil, 24 in head; snout, 3% in head; eye, 1$ in snout; pectoral, 3 in head, the dorsal beginning well behind its tip; distance from front of dorsal to gill opening, 1% in head. Color black; fins all blackish, the dorsal and anal broadly edged with black. Another specimen 2 feet 7 inches long, from Misaki. Fic. 3.—LEPTOCEPHALUS EREBENNUS. Still another specimen, doubtless of the same species, differs equally in measurements: Head 1% in trunk; head and trunk 14 in tail; lower jaw not much shortened; snout rather sharp, 44 in head; eye 13 in snout; mouth rather large, the maxillary 24 in head, extending nearly to opposite posterior border of eye; pectoral pointed, 34 in head; dorsal inserted very slightly behind its tip; distance from gill opening to front of dorsal 1? in head; dorsal and anal moderate. Color very dark, almost black; lateral line, a continuous streak, with minute, whitish, wide-set pores, like pin pricks, about 45 before vent; no pale spots; cross series of pores on back of head very minute; pectorals black, with a pale edge below: dorsal and anal dusky, with a broad black margin; no white on tail. This specimen, taken at Misaki, is 14 inches long. This species is known to fishermen as Aanakiuianago or Dainananago. It is nearest Leptocephalus conger, the common Conger eel of the Atlantic, but differs in some regards. In Leptocephalus conger (specimen 1880, Stan- ford Museum, from Beaufort, North Carolina) there is a distinct cross streak of fine pale pores across occiput; there are 42 pores before vent; NO. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 851 the a peilany y is 3 in hee cae ake aa Nd breil ieee in ie dorsal and eal pale at base, with broad black margin; lateral line i the pores pale, the line itself a pale streak; dorsal inserted over tip of pectoral. We have found in Japan no Conger corresponding to the Atlantic species, though this one comes nearest it. (Epe fev vos, very black—as Birebue) We refer with some doubt to this species, a small eel, 5 inches long, from Wakanoura. Head 1% in trunk; head and trunk 12 in tail; maxil- lary extending to posterior border of ey or 24 in head; snout 33 in head; lower-jaw not much shorter; pectoral 25 in head; dorsal inserted over posterior third of pectoral; 42 pores before vent; lateral line forming a continuous streak. Color light olive; pores of lateral line large, pale, but without white dots; sides with some black dots; dorsal with the black margin obsolete except posteriorly where it is narrow; anal showing traces of a dark edge posteriorly; tip of tail white; pectorals pale; pores on top of head not evident. g. LEPTOCEPHALUS KIUSIUANUS Jordan and Snyder, new species. KUROANAGO (BLACK CONGER). Head 1 in pranks; headand trunk 13 in tail; lower jaw rather short; snout shortish, 44 in head; eye 1# in snout; cleft of mouth moderate, the maxillary 3 in head, extending to posterior margin of eye; pec- toral pointed, 34 in head; dorsal inserted over end of second third of pectoral; insertion of dorsal to gill opening, 44 in head; dorsal and anal rather high. Color dark brown, the dorsal and anal broadly edged with black; tip of tail with a slight white margin. Pectoral dusky, with a pale edge. Lateral line conspicuous, with small pale pores, 38 before vent; white spots anywhere. Pores on head inconspicuous. One specimen, type No. 6467, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, 24 feet long, from Hakata, province of Chikuzen, in Kiusiu. It differs strongly from any other species we have seen in the relative shortness of the trunk. The dorsal is inserted anteriorly, but not so far forward as in LZ. nystrom?, which has also the trunk short. Lepto- cephalus marginatus (= noordzick’, Bleeker) from Polynesia, has higher fins and slenderer body. 10. LEPTOCEPHALUS JAPONICUS! Bleeker. Conger japonicus BLEEKER, Enum. Espéce Ic. Poiss. Japon, 1874, p. 32, Japan. This species, according to Bleeker, is characterized by its dentition, its convex anterior profile, by the relative length of its head and trunk, 1LEPTOCEPHALUS HETEROGNATHUS (Bleeker.) Closely allied to this genus is a young Conger in very bad condition received by Dr. Bleeker from Nagasaki. According to Giinther, the typical example belongs to Congermurexna and is very closely allied to the New Zealand species, C. habenata, having a similar dentition (like that of Congrellus, except that the teeth are blunt). 852 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII. by the length of its pectorals, and the size of its gill openings. Max- illary reaching to opposite posterior part of pupil; head 22 in trunk; Sin total length; head and trunk 13 in tail (from figure); pectorals 24 in head, reaching past front of dorsal; gill openings broader than base of pectoral. Color mottled dusky above, paler below; fins yellowish, the black margin of dorsal obsolete (on the figure); pectorals pale. (Bleeker.) | One specimen 336mm. long, said to be from Japan, apparently distin- guished by its pale dorsal fins and anal. Not seen by us. This species is also very close to the one figured by Bleeker from East Indian examples as the true Conger (Leptocephalus conger= Con- ger vulgaris), but the young examples have the tail shorter than in Bleeker’s figure, doubtless a matter of age. The European Conger seems, however, to be different from any Japanese Conger we have seen. It is possible that further research will show that japonicus is the young and erehennus the adult of the same species. 11. LEPTOCEPHALUS RIUKIUANUS Jordan and Snyder, new species. Head 2 in trunk; head and trunk together half length of tail; mouth larger than in related species, the jaws subequal, the maxillary 23 in head, extending to opposite posterior margin of eye; snout rather pointed, +; in head; eye large, 1 in snout, about 64 in head; pectorals 34 in head; dorsal inserted about over middle of pectoral. Color dusky above, paler below; a series of small faint white pores along the lateral line, these smaller, farther apart, and less distant than _—————oo Fic. 4.—LEPTOCEPHALUS RIUKIUANUS. in Leptocephalus myriaster, and becoming obsolete behind; about 36 of these before the vent; dorsal and anal each with a broad black mar- gin which surrounds the tip of the tail, pectoral pale; a dark streak through snout, extending obliquely downward and backward below eye; nuchal pores small, few in a cross series. It may, perhaps, ‘‘be recognized by the great length of its tail;. body = 2 inches; tail, 33 inches,’’? which is about the usual relation in Leptocephalus. The species was not seen by us. There is nothing in the published account to sep- arate it froma young Leptocephalus, for example, L. japonicus, which has little dark edging to its dorsal. (&repos, different; yvd4os, jaw. ) Myrophis heterognathus BureKer, Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Nedrl. V, Japan, p. 9, pl. 111, fig. 1, Nagasaki. Gnathophis heterognathus Kaur, Aale Hamburg. Mus., 1859, p. 7 (after Bleeker). (Congermurena) heterognathus Gixrugr, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 42, same specimen. ) NO. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 853 One specimen 134 inches long. Type No. 6468, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, obtained by Capt. Alan Owston at Yaeyama, Ishigaki Islands, in the southern Riukiu group. This species is near to LZ. erebennus, but has the backward insertion of the dorsal characteric of LZ. nystrom/. It is, however, clearly distinet from L. nystrom/, and equally different from LZ. myriaster. 12, LEPTOCEPHALUS NYSTROMI Jordan and Snyder, new species. Conger marginatus GUNTHER, Shore Fishes, Challenger, 1880, p. 73, Inland Sea of Japan.—Nystrrom, Kong. Sven. Vet. Ak., XIII, 1887, p. 47, Nagasaki; not of Valenciennes. —IsHikawa, Prel. Cat. 1897, p. 7, Riukiu Islands. Head 14 in trunk; head and trunk 1% in tail; mouth small, the max- ilary extending about to middle of eye, 3 in head; lower jaw much shorter than upper; snout blunt, somewhat cavernous, 35 in head; eye 1} in snout, smaller in adult; pectorals 3 in head; dorsal inserted over middle of pectoral or a little before; distance from gill opening to dorsal, 8 in head; dorsal and anal not especially elevated. Color very pale, brownish above, whitish below; dorsal and anal Fic. 5.—LEPTOCEPHALUS NYSTROMI. with a broad black margin surrounding the tail; pectoral pale or slightly dusky at base; lateral line a conspicuous ridge with about 35 pores before vent; these a little paler than body; nuchal pores not evident. Southern Japan, north to Kobe, here described from the type, No. 6469, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, taken at Nagasaki. The species has been confounded with Z. marg/natus of Polynesia, with which it agrees in the insertion of the dorsal. Z. marginatus has the pectoral black at tip and the dorsal fin higher. (Named for Edward Nystrom, of the University of Upsala, in recognition of his excellent work on the fishes of Nagasaki.) 13. LEPTOCEPHALUS RETROTINCTUS Jordan and Snyder, new species. Head 14 in trunk; head and trunk 14 in tail; lower jaw short; snout rather blunt, 4 in head; eye 13 in snout; mouth small, the maxillary extending to opposite posterior part of eye, 23 in head; pectoral pointed, 34 in head; the dorsal inserted rather in front of its middle; distance from gill opening to dorsal about 8 in head; dorsal and anal 854 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. rather low. Lateral line a broad furrow with a ridge, no conspicuous pale pores or pin pricks, the pores wide set and indistinct, about 30 before vent; cross series of pores at nape, very minute, scarcely visi- ble. Color very pale brown, somewhat silvery, the sides abruptly paler; pectoral pale; dorsal and anal pale except for a distance from tip of tail about equal to length of head, in which both fins are entirely black; tip of tail black, edged with pale in one specimen. FIG. 6.—LEPTOCEPHALUS RETROTINCTUS. Two specimens, each 11 to 12 inches long, found in the market at Tokyo. Type No. 6470, Leland Stanford Junior University museum. The peculiar coloration of the dorsal and anal furnishes a distinctive character, as also the character of the lateral line. (/2etro-, behind; tinctus, dyed.) 6. CONGRELLUS Ogilby. Congrellus OaitBy, in Jordan and Evermann, Fishes N. M. America, ITI, 1898, p- 2801 (balearica). Dorsal fin inserted more anteriorly than in Leptocephalus, over the gill opening or anterior part of pectoral; head with muciferous cavi- ties, more or less conspicuous; mouth rather small; teeth all pointed; body more robust than in Leptocephalus, the tail not much if any longer than rest of body, its tip white in Japanese species; dorsal and anal edged with black. The genus is not very different from Leptocephalus, the species megastomus being almost exactly intermediate. (Diminu- tive of Conger, the Conger eel. a. Mouth large, the maxillary extending much beyond pupil; 24 in head; pectorals 34 in head; nape with a distinct cross series of about 4 pores; dorsal and anal without dark margin; end of tail black, with a broad pale border; pectorals Guiskey oo. bn So AS Do oe Cee ee megastomus. 14. aa. Mouth moderate, the maxillary extending to opposite posterior part of pupil; about 33 in head; dorsal and anal each with a broad black margin; tip of tail white; pectorals pale (anago) or dark (meeki) ............-....---- anago. 15. 14. CONGRELLUS MEGASTOMUS (Giinther). OKIANAGO; OFF SHORE CONGER. Congromurxna megastoma GiNrHER, Shore Fishes Challenger, 1880, p. 73, Enoshima, from Japanese fishing boats, specimens 11 to 19 inches long. Head 2 in trunk; head and trunk 2? in total; 1? in tail; snout rather short and blunt, 37 in head; lower jaw shorter than upper; eye 14 in snout; mouth small, the maxillary 2£ in head, extending to opposite posterior part of eye; pectoral, short, rounded, 34 in head; dorsal | ! | | | no. 1239. 4APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 855 inserted a little before middle of pectoral; dorsal and anal moderate. Color pale olivaceous; a series of minute whitish pores along lateral line, much smaller and less distinct than in Leptocephalus myriaster, 47 of them in front of vent; a few similar but larger pores on head, about 4 arranged in cross-series on the nape, these less numerous than in L. myriaster; snout with large pores; no pale dots above lat- eral line; pectoral largely blackish; dorsal and anal without black margin; tip of tail with dorsal and anal fins for a space about two-fifths length of head abruptly black, with a broad white margin. FIG. 7.—CONGRELLUS MEGASTOMUS, Shores of Japan in rather deep water. Known from Sagami and Totomi bays. Here described from two examples, each about a foot long; the one, dredged by the U.S. Fish Commission Steamer A/di- tross off Hamamatsu (Totomi) in 34 fathoms, station 3730; the other, taken with a long line (dabonawa) off Misaki, by Kumakichi Aoki, and presented to us by Professor Mitsukuri. The peculiar coloration of the tail at once separates it from the other Congers. In its technical characters it is almost as near Leptocephalus as Congrellus. (uéyvas large; 70a, mouth.) 15. CONGRELLUS ANAGO (Schlegel). ANAGO. Conger anago SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, 1846, p. 259, pl. cxin, fig. 1, Nagasaki.—- BueekerR, Verh. Bat. Gen. Japan, p. 52. Congromurena anago GUNTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 42, Japan, Amboyna. Gitnruer, Shore Fish. Challenger, 1880, p. 73, Yokohama.—IsurKawa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 6, Tokyo. 2? Ophisoma anagoides BLEEKER, Atl. Mur., p. 27, Singapore, Celebes, Batjan, Amboyna, Banda (distinguished from C. anago by the smaller eye, stouter form, smaller head, and narrower border of the fins, the anal and tip of tail without black; probably a different species). Congrellus meeki, JORDAN and Snyper, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIIT, 1900, p. 347, pl. x1, Tokyo, based on a large example with black pectoral; several such examples were taken by us in Tokyo Bay and at Wakanoura. Except for the dark color of the pectorals no difference can be detected. The insertion of the dorsal is subject to considerable variation. Head 14 in trunk; head and trunk 1,45 to 1,5 in total; form robust; snout short, bluntish, 5 in head; eye very large, about as long as Q3 snout; cleft of mouth reaching about to posterior part of pupil, 32 in head. Teeth less closely set than in Leptocephalus, all pointed. 856 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII. Pectoral 24 in head, the dorsal beginning variously from above its base to nearly over its middle. Sixty pores before the vent, the pores smaller than in Leptocephalus. Body light or dark brownish, the head sometimes dotted; usually two dark shades behind eyes; pores of lateral line inconspicuous; cross-series of pores on nape not evident; pectoral fin pale or variously blackish (meek7), sometimes entirely black, usually pale, especially in — the young; tip of tail always white; vertical fins with a broad black margin. Length 1 to 2 feet. Coasts of Japan and southward, very common and much used as food. It varies somewhat in color, Our specimens from Tokyo, Misaki, Kobe, Wakanoura, and Nagasaki. Several large specimens A et AT Sata sy Kaen! gee ah eta dw Fic. 8.—CONGRELLUS ANAGO. from Tokio and Wakanoura have the pectorals black and correspond to Congrellus meeki, but no other distinctive characters can be made out. Congrellus meeki is probably only a highly colored adult. (Anago, the Japanese name; possibly from ana, hole; go, child or creature. ) Family V. MURASNESOCID 2. Sealeless anguilloid eels, with the posterior nostril not labial, the tongue largely adnate, the jaws not excessively elongate, the tail of moderate length, the end of the tail surrounded by the caudal fin, and the pectoral tins well developed; gill openings rather wide; jaws of moderate length; vomer well armed. None of these characters appear to have in themselves great importance, but, according to Dr. Gill, in the genus J/urenesox, the only genus in which the osteology is well known, the characters are such as fully to justify family dis- tinction. Dr. Gill gives the following diagnosis of Murznesocide: Enchelycephalous Apodals with the tongue not free, the branchiostegal membrane connecting the opposite sides below, the epipharyngeals reduced to one pair, and the hypopharyngeals linguiform and encroaching on the fourth branchial arch. The species of this family are not very numerous, and a large pro- portionare American. In general appearance and habits they approach the Congers. All are plainly colored and some descend to rather deep water. , | NO. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 857 a Teeth i in jaws in sey Dae series, nae of one series See a ene ed long canines in front; vomer with several long series of teeth, the middle one of very large canines; snout moderate; dorsal beginning above gill opening. Murznesox. 7. aa. Teeth in the jaws in three series, those of the median series containing long, wide-set canines; vomer with very small teeth; pectoral and vertical fins well developed, the dorsal inserted over the gill opening; snout very long, pointed; LeShonteragnanenest ol Odes eee aise seek 2 = Serene Oxyconger, 8. 7. MURA NESOX McClelland. Murenesox MCCLELLAND, Calcutta Journ. Nat. Hist., LV, 1843, p. 408 (tricuspidata). Cynoponticus Costa, Fauna Napoli, Pesci., 1850, pl. xxvut ( feror = savanna). Brachyconger BLEEKER, Neder]. Tidsskr., Dierkunde, II, 1865, p. 236 (savanna). Congresox GILL, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1890, p. 254 (talabon). Body robust. Dorsal and anal fins well developed, the dorsal begin- ning nearly above gill opening. Mouth large; teeth in jaws in several series, those of one series enlarged and depressed, forming long canines in front; vomer with several long series of teeth, the middle one of strong canines. This genus contains numerous species of large, conger- like eels, some of which are found in all warm seas. They are remark- able for the strong armature of the vomer. (M/urena; Esox, pike.) 16. MURAENESOX CINEREUS (Forskal). HAMO. Murena cinerea or tota cinerea ForsKAL, Descr. Anim., 1775, pp. X, 22, Red Sea. Murznesox cinereus GUNTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 46, Vizagapatam, Cal- cutta, Philippines, Singapore, Amoy, Formosa, Japan, Australia. —Nysrrom, K. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl., 1877, p. 46, Nagasaki. Murena arabica SCHNEIDER, Syst. Ichth., 1801, p. 488, after Forskal. Murena bagio HAmiInron-BucHANAN, Fish Ganges, XXIV, 1822, p. 364; Ganges River. Murenesox bagio Prrers, Wiegm. Archiy., 1855, p. 270.—Kaup, Apodes, 1856, p. 116, pl. xrv, fig. 73.—B LeErKerr, Atlas. Ichth, Mureen., p. 24, pl. xxvi, fig. 2, Java, Pinang, Bintang, Singapore, Sumatra, Borneo, Celebes, BEI pines! Ophisurus rostratus Quoy and GaimarD, Voy. Uranie, 1846, p. 242, pl. x1, fig. 1. Conger longirostris BENNETT, Life of Raffles, 1830, p. 692. Conger oxyrhynchus Kypoux and SouLteryer, Voyage Bonite, I, p. 208, pl. 1x, fig. 2. Murenesox tricuspidata MCCLELLAND, Journ. Nat. Hist., 1V, 1844, p.409, pl. xiv, fig. 1, 1844, River Ganges. Congrus tricuspidatus RicHARDSON, Voy. Sulphur, Fish., 1846, p. 105, pl. x1, fig. 2, and elsewhere. Murenesox hamiltoni MCCLELLAND, Journ. Nat. Hist., V, 1844, pp. 182, 210, pl. vit, fig. 3, River Ganges. Murenesox bengalensis MCCLELLAND, Journ. Nat. Hist., V, 1844, pp. 182, 210. Conger hamo SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss, 1846, p. 262, pl. exry, fig. 2, Naga- saki.—Brevoort, Exped. Japan, p. 282, 1856, Shimoda. Congrus protervus RICHARDSON, Voy. Breous and Terror, Fish., 1846, p. 110. Congrus angustidens RicHarpson, Voy. Erebus and Terror, Fish., 1846, p. 110; China. Congrus brevicuspis RicHARDsoN, Voy. Erebus and Terror, Fish., 1846, p. 110; locality unknown. Congers singapurensis BLEEKER, Verh. Bat. Gen. Mur., X XV, p. 21, Singapore. Murenesox singapurensis BLEEKER, Atlas Ichth. Mur., p. 25, ue vu, fig. 2 858 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. Vou. XX Snout long, rather pointed; vomerine teeth compressed, witha basal lobe in front and behind; teeth in the inner series of mandible similar to those on the vomer, but smaller and rarely with basal lobes; teeth of the outer series rudimentary, not bent outward. Dorsal inserted — close behind base of pectoral. Ashy-gray, sides silvery; dorsal and — anal with a broad black margin; pectorals pale, or suffused with dusky — on the under side. 3 Length 4 to6 feet. A very large eel, with very strong teeth, widely distributed in the East Indies and north to Japan. We follow Dr. — Giinther in identifying the Japanese amo, with JM. cinereus, of the Red Sea, finding no grounds on which to suspect difference. Our numerous specimens are from Tokyo, Misaki, Tsuruga, Wakanoura, Onomichi, Hiroshima, and Nagasaki. It is much used as food and — known by the name of Aamo (Cinereus, ashy). 8. OX YCONGER Bleeker. Oxyconger BLEEKER, Atlas, Ichth. Murven. 1867, p. 19 (leptognathus). Body compressed; snout much produced; teeth in each jaw in about three series; the median series containing long, slender canines, wide- set, some of them straight, some of them curved; vomer with series of very small teeth. Pectorals slender, well developed. Dorsal inserted over gill opening. Nostrils without tubes, the posterior in front of the eye, at some distance from it. Japan. (oCvs, sharp; Conger.) 17, OXYCONGER LEPTOGNATHUS Bleeker. Conger leplognathus BLEEKER, Act. Soc. Indo-Nedrl., 111; Japan, IV, p. 27, Naga- saki. Oxyconger leplognathus GENTHER, Cat. Fishes, VIII, p. 49, 1870; same specimen. Head 2,5 in trunk; tail shorter than rest of body, about one-fifth longer than trunk; cleft of mouth 15 in head; about 12 canines on Fig. 9.—OXYCONGER LEPTOGNATHUS. each side in each jaw; snout very sharp, 24 in head; eye 33 in snout; pectoral 4$ in head. Olivaceous, sides silvery, dorsal and anal each with a broad black margin; pectoral pale; tip of tail white with a black edging. Coasts of Japan, two specimens known, the original : | | No. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 859 type from Nagasaki; the second, here described, about 14 inches long, from the market of Tokyo, taken outside of Tokyo Bay, off Awa or ‘ é , , . Misaki. (Aeéztos, slender; yvaéos, jaw.) Family VI. NETTASTOMID 2. Eels without pectoral fins, the tongue not free, the posterior nostril before the eye, the gill openings small, separate, subinferior, the vent remote froin the head, the tail ending in a slender tip, the vertical fins moderately developed; and the jaws produced, slender and straight, the upper the longer, both as well as the vomer armed with bands of close-set slender teeth. The species are allied to the J/urenesocida, but are weaker fishes, of the deep sea, with fragile bodies, the skin sometimes charged with black pigment. a. Nostrils valvular on the upper surface of the head; the posterior above anterior angle of eye; tail tapering to a point; snout without tleshy projection at tip. Nettastoma,. 9 aa. Nostrils lateral, the posterior slit-like, in front of eye.......-------- Chlopsis. 10 9. NETTASTOMA Rafinesque. Nettastoma RAFINESQUE, Caratteri, ete., 1810 (melanurum). Characters of the genus included above. (v7tra, duck; OTOMA, mouth. ) 18. NETTASTOMA PARVICEPS Gunther. Nettastoma parviceps GUNTHER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., XX, 1887, p. 446, south of Yedo (Tokyo); Rept. Challenger Fishes, 1887, p. 253, pl. xii, fig. A, same specimen. Head small, its length 25 in distance from gill-opening to vent. Dorsal fin inserted in advance of gill-opening. In other respects simi- lar to Nettastoma melanurum of the Mediterranean. (Giinther.) The figure shows a row of 5 or 6 large pores across occiput; snout 22 in head; head and trunk shorter than tail, which ends in a slender point; 45 pores in lateral line before vent; cleft of mouth a little more than half head, extending to just beyond eye; eye 4 in head. Color not very dark, apparently some edging to the fins behind. One specimen known, taken by the Challenger south of Tokyo at station 232, in 345 fathoms; length, 265 inches; not seen by us. (Parvus, small; ceps, head.) 10. CHLOPSIS Rafinesque. Chlopsis RAFINESQUE, Indice Ittiol. Sicil., 1810, p. 58 (bicolor. ) Saurenchelys Perers, Berliner Monatsber., 1864, p. 397 (cancrivora-bicolor. ) This genus sufficiently characterized above differs from Vettastoma in the position of the nostrils, the posterior being in front of the eye, as usual in congroid fishes. Deep water. (yA0on, twig: Ores, appearance. ) &6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 19. CHLOPSIS FIERASFER Jordan and Snyder, new species. Head 1} in trunk; head and trunk 2,°; in tail; snout produced with a slight fleshy tip, 25 in head; eye 3? in snout; cleft of mouth extending to posterior edge of pupil; teeth sharp, slender, rathe close-set; dorsal inserted behind gill-opening at a distance a littl greater than length of eye; a mucous tube, behind occiput across neck, without distinct pores; lateral line a continuous tube, with 29 larg slit-like pores before vent. Depth of body 4% in head, tail tapering: to a moderate point, without filament at tip. Color light olivaceous, with silvery sheen on sides of head; posterior part of dorsal and anal) in the type for a distance about two-thirds length of head jet black as. FIG. 10.—CHLOPSIS FIERASFER. though dipped in ink; rest of fins pale; another specimen without black on tail; a black dot at base of each dorsal and anal ray, that on anal sending a narrow streak up each ray. Two specimens, the type 183 inches long, No. 6471, Stanford University Museum, taken at Wakanoura, in Kii, Japan; a female with ripe eggs; the other 143 inches long (No. 49728, U.S. Nat. Mus.), taken also at Wakanoura. The two specimens differ a little, especially in the color of the tail, but are evidently not of distinct species. The snout of the smaller one measures 23 in head. (/%erasfer, a tish of similar color; from ¢zep0s, sleek.) Family VII. MYRID. End of tail surrounded by the confluent vertical fins; the posterior nostril is in, or very near, the upper lip; the teeth small, and the tongue is more or less fully adnate to the floor of the mouth. The species are usually of small size and plain colors, more or less worm-like in form, and inhabit sandy coasts in tropical seas. They are intermediate in character between the Ophichthyide and the Muraenesocide. The osteology has not yet been carefully studied, but they will probably be found to be most nearly related to the latter family. Indeed, the No. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDA N AND SNYDER. 861 Muraenesocide, Wettustorvden and Monae are all very Telos ee the Leptocephalidw and might be reunited with the latter, as in Bleeker’s arrangement. a. Pectorals present; dorsal beginning near the gill opening. --..-.------/ Myrus. 1). aa. Pectorals wanting; dorsal low, beginning well behind gill opening. Murenichthys. 12. i aVING i Sealkealtnyo: Myrus Kaur, Apodes, 1856, p. 31 (myrus). Body slender; nostrils close to margin of upper lip, the anterior tubular, the posterior lobed. Pectoral well dey eloped; dorsal begin- ning behind gill opening; caudal rays very short. Teeth subequal in bands. Species few, of the Mediterranean Sea and Japan. (/Upos, an ancient name in Aristotle of some eel.) 20. MYRUS UROPTERUS (Schlegel). Conger uropterus SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1847, p. 261, Nagasaki. Ophisurus uroplerus BuerKer, Act. Soc. Nederl., 111; Japan, TVs pa28-e Nap len fig. 1, Nagasaki. Myrus uropterus Génrugr, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 50, from a specimen sent by Dr. Bleeker.—Nystrom, K. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl., 1887, p. 46. Nagasaki. Tail twice as long as trunk without head; cleft of mouth to hind margin of eye; dorsal fin beginning over end of pectoral; front margin of eye much nearer end of maxillary than tip of snout. Coloration plain brownish. (Giinther. ) Nagasaki; not seen by us; probably rare. (dupa, tail; 7TEpor, fin.) OVER ABN Gre Ei Yes) Bleeker: Murenichthys Burekrr, Verhand. Batavia, Gen. Muren., XGXGV,, 18535 pe il (gymnopterus). Slender worm-shaped eels, without pectoral fins, and with both nostrils on the margin of the upper lip. Dorsal and anal very low, beginning far pened gill opening and meeting around the tail; gill opening small; teeth eel East Indies and Japan. (“vparva, moray; iyOus; fish.) a. Dorsal fin inserted before vent. b. Dorsal fin inserted more than a head’s length before vent, at a point nearer gill opening than vent; form robust, snout blunt, flattish; top of head with large pores, fins well developed on tail -......-....--------- pea eR eye owstont. 21, bb. Dorsal fin inserted less than a head’s length in advance of vent; form slender. c. Snout short, blunt, 10 in head, not longer than eye; insertion of dorsal three- tenths of the head’s length before vent; head 24 in trunk.....--- hatte. 22. aa. Dorsal fin inserted behind vent; snout long, sharp, 53 in head, much longer than eye; insertion of dorsal three-fourths head’s length before vent; head 3? in TUL eee eee PEC ale oa mn ee eee fa ee ahs Wa Ee are ee SiS Ce tela aoki, 23. 862 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XX 21. MURAENICHTHYS OWSTONI Jordan and Snyder, new species. Body moderately robust, cylindrical, the depth 3 in head; head 1 | in trunk; head and trunk 13 in tail; eye 2 in snout; snout rather obtuse, | flattish above, 54 in head; cleft of mouth 3 in head, extending well | beyond eye; teeth mostly biserial; gill opening smaller than eve. Dor- | sal inserted nearer gill opening than vent at a distance equal to 1% times length of head in front of vent; dorsal and anal well developed on tail, the highest rays two-thirds length of snout, much higher than } se Fig. 11.—MURAENICHTHYS OWSTONI. those on back. Lateral line running high, continuous, about 45 pores { before vent, little curved above throat; top of head with about 9 pores | regularly arranged. Color uniform chestnut brown, darker above and scarcely dotted; | belly and fins paler, but of similar shade. Here described from a specimen, 9 inches long, obtained by Mr. Alan Owston, at Yaeyama Island, one of the Ishigaki group in the southern part of the Riukiu Archipelago in Japan. Type No. 6472, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum; asmaller specimen was taken at the same time. This species is close to Muraenichthys macropterus from Amboyna and Solor, but has stouter body, larger fins, and the dorsal inserted a little farther forward. Named for Mr. Alan Owston, of Yokohama, a well-known English naturalist and collector, discoverer of the species. 22. MURAENICHTHYS HATT£ Jordan and Snyder, new species. Body elongate, subcylindrical, the depth + in head; head 24 in trunk; head and trunk 14 in tail; eye 2 in snout; snout short, blunt, 74 in head; ee Fic. 12.—MURAENICHTHYS HATT#. cleft of mouth 4 in head, extending far behind eye; dorsal inserted in front of vent at a distance equal to three-tenths length of head. Lat- eral line little curved at throat, with 54 pores before vent. Color | brownish, with fine dots above; vertical fins dusky behind. | | | | | | no.1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 863 One specimen 13 inches long, from a rock pool at Wakanoura, No. 6473, Leland Stanford Junior Museum. Named for Dr. S. Hatta, of the Imperial University, of Tokyo, in recognition of his excellent paper on the Lampreys of Japan. 23. MURAENICHTHYS AOKI Jordan and Snyder, new species. Body elongate, worm-shaped, the depth + in head; head 3% in trunk; head and trunk 1} in tail; eye 24 in snout; snout rather long and sharp, 54 in head; cleft of mouth 31 in head, extending somewhat behind eye; dorsal fin rudimentary, inserted behind vent at a distance equal to about 2 times length of snout. Lateral line curved upward over the throat. Color brownish, with dark dots; sides silvery; fins plain. This species is close to Muranichthys hatte, but has a shorter Fic. 13.—MURANICHTHYS AOKI. head, longer. sharper snout, and the dorsal beginning farther forward. The type specimen No. 6474, Stanford University Museum, 7$ inches long, is from a rock-pool at Misaki. It may prove indistinguishable from J/. hatte, but the differences seem far too great for the limits of one species. Named for Kumakichi Aoki, fisherman, assistant to Dr. Mitsukuri in the Marine Laobratory at Misaki, and one of the best collectors in Japan. Family VIII. OPHICHTHYID. SNAKE EELS. This family includes those true eels which are scaleless, and have the end of the tail projecting beyond the dorsal and anal fins, and without the rudiment of a caudal fin. Anterior nostrils placed in the upper lip, opening downward; gill openings not confluent; tongue more or less fully adnate to the floor of the mouth. The species are, for the most part, moderate or small in size, and they are very abun- dant in the tropical seas, especially about the coral reefs. The eggs are numerous, of moderate size, similar to those of ordinary fishes. Spe- cles numerous, especially in the Tropics. Many of the species are singularly colored, the bands or spots heightening the analogy between them and the serpents. a. Body without evident fins anywhere except a slight ridge along back; teeth all small, conical; gill openings close together, subinferior, converging forward; anterior nostril tubular; tongue scarcely free in front; mouth small. Sphagebranchus. 13. 864 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII aa. Body with distinct dorsal and anal fins. b. Pectoral wanting; dorsal high, beginning on nape.-..--.-.----- Callechelys. 14 bb. Pectoral present. c. Vomerine teeth none; teeth pointed ...-.......----..-..--.-- Leiuranus. 15, cc. Vomerine teeth present. d. Teeth blunt, mostly granular or molar; pectoral fins present, small. e. Dorsal rather high, inserted on the head before gill opening; anal not nearly reaching tip. of tall >.) .22cce 3 Chlevastes. 16. ee. Dorsal beginning behind gill opening. .-..--.-------- Pisoodonophis. 17. dd. Teeth all pointed, none of them molar; pectoral fins well developed, much longer than eye; gill openings usually lateral, sometimes subin- ferior. f. Snout moderate or short, less than one-fourth head, the jaws not pro- duced into a slender beak. g. Lips not fringed with conspicuous barbels. h. Teeth subequal, with no elongate canines on jaws or yomer. i. Teeth in sides of upper jaw in several series forming broad bands; jaws long: lips! without papillae === s22 ass ee Nyrias. 18. — ii. Teeth in sides of upper jaw in one or two series. j. Dorsal fin inserted over gill opening or nearly so; trunk very JONG Hae Saeki eee ee ee LECLOCOTONI Santas j). Dorsal fin inserted well behind base of pectoral.........-..-- Ophichthus. 20. — hh. Teeth unequal, some of them long canines, either on yomer or on sides of one or both jaws; mouth large, the snout short, and the eyes more or less superior....------------- Mystriophis. 21. gg. Lips with a conspicuous fringe of barbels; canines present on jaws and yomer; jaws rather long, the lower projecting; head depressed; — eyes superior; tail shorter than rest of body..Brachysomophis. 22. ff. Snout long, the jaws produced in a slender beak; canine teeth strong; dorsal fin inserted well behind pectorals......-..---- Oxystomus. 23. ac eae 4h pala eines see 8 13; SPHAGEBRAN CHWS; Bloeh: Sphagebranchus Buocn, Ichthyologia, LX, 1795, p. 88 (rostratus). Cecilia Lacépede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., II, 1800, p. 135 (branderiana = cxcus) (not of Linneeus, a genus of Batrachia). Apterichthys Dr LA Rocusr, Ann. Mus., XIII, 1809, p. 525 (cxeus). Branderius RAFINESQUE, Analyse de la Natur, 1815, p. 93 (substitute for Cxcilia). Very small eels without fins, a slight fold, apparently rayless, rep- resenting the dorsal; snout much projecting; teeth small, mostly uniserial; gill openings inferior, converging. Smallest and simplest in structure of the Ophichthyida, the species little known and scantily represented in collections. (odaé, throat; Bpayyxra, gills.) 24. SPHAGEBRANCHUS MOSERI Jordan and Snyder, new species. Eves well developed; head 53 in trunk; head and trunk 1} in tail; snout sharp, much projecting, its length 5 in head; eye 2 in snout; cleft of mouth 3} in head; gill slits about as long as eye, converging forward; lateral line distinct from vent backward. A very slight fold Le, ant = xo. 1239 APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 865 - along back, indic ating the place of the aera fin no evident in rays. Color, light olive, finely dotted; body with broad, very faint dark shades, scarcely visible, alternate with paler areas; head mottled with darker. One specimen, 6 inches long, type No. 49728, United States National Museum, dredged by the U. 8. Fish Commission steamer A/batross at station 3700, in Suruga Bay, off Namazu, in 100 fathoms. Fig. 14.—SPHAGEBRANCHUS MOSERI. Named for Jefferson Franklin Moser, lieutenant-commander, U.S. N., in honor of the valued services to ichthyology rendered by him as commander of the U. S. Fish Commission steamer A/batross. (4 CAC Lis Gia bay S: Keauip: Callechelys Kaur, Apodes, 1856, p. 28 (guichenoti). Pectoral fins wanting; body elongate, compressed; dorsal fin inserted on the head, in advance of the gill opening; tail much shorter than rest of body. Otherwise close to Ophichthus. (Ka\os, beauty; éy venus, eel.) 25. CALLECHELYS MELANOTZENIA Bleeker. Callechelys melanotenia BLEEKER, Atlas, Ichthyol. Mureen., 1864, p. 66, pl. me fig. 2, Amboyna. Ophichthys melanotenia GinrHer, Cat. Fish., VIII, p. 87, Amboyna, same specimen. Head 113 in trunk; head and trunk 24 times length of tail; body very slender, the depth 23 in head; snout pointed, much produced; cleft of mouth narrow, extending behind eye; teeth pointed, uniserial; those in front above, strong, recurved, in two rows; gill openings inferior, slightly convergent. No pectoral fin. Dorsal rather high, beginning above angle of mouth. Color whitish with a broad, well- defined, jet black band along upper part of side, forming about half of depth of body; head whitish, marbled with dusky; dorsal fin white with a broad black edge; anal white. A very handsome eel, recorded by Dr. Bleeker from Amboyna; a single specimen 194 inches long collected by Capt. Alan Owston at Yaeyama, Ishigaki Island, Southern Riu Kiu group, and presented to Stanford University. (uéAas, black; tazvia, ribbon.) Proc. N. M. vol. xxi 866 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VoL, XXUI, 15. LEIURANUS Bleeker. Leiuranus Burekrr, Verh. Bat. Gen. Mureen., XXV, p. 36 (lacepedii = semi- cinctus). Stethopterus BLEEKER, Verh. Bat. Gen. Murzen., XXV, p. 36 (vimineus = semi- cinctus) . Body cylindrical, mouth small; below the sharp projecting snout; teeth pointed, of moderate size, biserial above, uniserial below; no teeth on yomer; eye small; pectoral small; dorsal and anal low, the former beginning nearly above gill opening. Small eels, having the bright colors of Ch/evastes, but in technical respects nearer Ophichthus, distinguished by the absence of vomerine teeth. (Aezos, smooth; ovpavos, sky, the roof of the mouth.) 26. LEIURANUS SEMICINCTUS (Lay and Bennett). Ophisurus semicinctus LAY and Bennett, Beechey’s Voyage, Blossom, 1839, p. 66, “pl. xx, fig. 4. Collected by Mr. Lay, on Oahu; 24 dark cross bands. Liuranus semicinctus Giéxruer, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 54, Fiji, China. Ophisurus (or Sphagebranchus) vimineus Ricnarpson, Voy. Sulphur, p. 107, pl. Lu, fig. 16-20, China. Coll. Edw. Belcher (young, with 33 dark bands). Ophisurus vimineus RicHarpson, Ichth. China, 1846, p. 314. Stethopterus vimineus BLEEKER, Verh. Bat. Gen. Mureen., X XV, p. 36. Leiuranus lacepedii BLEEKER, Verh. Bat. Gen. Mureen., XXV, p. 36. Leiuranus colubrinus Kaup, Apodes, 1856, p. 2.—BLEEKER, Atlas, Ichth. Muraen., p. 42, pl. rx, fig. 1, and of authors (by confusion with Chilevastes colubrinus) . Head 63 in trunk; head and trunk one-seventh longer than tail; depth 34 in head; cleft of mouth short, extending a little beyond eye; dorsal inserted a little posterior to base of pectoral, which is nearly three times the length of the small eye; dorsal and anal extending to near tip of tail. Whitish brown with 24 (24 to 35) broad blackish or dark brown bands, much wider than the interspaces, but growing narrower below, most of them not meeting on the belly anteriorly, those on the tail meeting below more or less perfectly in the large specimen, but not in the two smaller ones. In this regard and in the width of the bands there is considerable variation; first two bands on head, narrow; tip of snout and tip of tail white. East Indies, not very common. Our three specimens, the largest 174 inches long, collected at Yaeyama, Ishigaki Islands, in the southern Riu Kiu Archipelago. It was found in company with Chlevastes colu- brinus, & species to which it bears a remarkable resemblance, the chief difference in color being that the dark cross-bands in Le/wranus mostly fail to meet across the belly. If any advantage could be supposed to accrue to either of these harlequins, this would be regarded as a striking ‘ase of mimicry. (Semd-half; cénctus-banded.) 52te sea NO, 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. S67 16 CHEE VASE Si Jordan and ismyder, nevy genus. Chlevastes JORDAN and SNyDER, new genus (colubrinus). Anal fin ending far before end of dorsal on the tail. Teeth mostly blunt, granular or molar; pectoral fins rudimentary; dorsal beginning before gill opening, on the nape. Colors variegated. One species in the tropical seas. This genus is very close to Myrich- thys (= Ophisurus Bleeker, not of Lacépéde), differing in the disap- pearance of the anal fin far before the tip of the tail. (yAevaotns, a harlequin.) 27. CHLEVASTES COLUBRINUS (Boddezrt). Murena colubrina Boppert, Pallas, Neue Nord. Beytr., II, 1781, p. 56, pl. mu, fig. 3, Amboyna. Gymnothorax colubrinus SCHNEIDER, Syst. Ichth., 1801, p. 529, copied. Ophisurus colubrinus RicHARDSON, Voy. Erebus and Terror, Fishes, p. 100. Opichthys colubrinus GtnrHeEr, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 81, Borneo, Fiji. Murena annulata Anu, De Murena et Ophichtho, 1789, p. 8, pl. 1, fig. 1, East Indies. Murena fasciata Ant, De Mureena et Ophichtho, 1789, p. 9. Ophisurus fasciatus LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., IV, 1803, p. 686.—RicHaRpson, Voy. Erebus and Terror, Fishes, p. 100.—BLrEKErR, Atlas Ichth., Mureen., p. 64, pl. xx1, fig. 1.—Kwer, Novara Fische, p. 379. Pisoodonophis fasciatus Kaup, Apodes, 1856, p. 25. Ophisurus alternans Quay and GAiMarD, Voy. Uranie, I, p. 243, pl. xiv, fig. 2. Ophisurus fasciatus var. latifasciatus, oculatus, and semicinctus BLEEKER, Atlas Ichth., Mureen., p. 64. Head 7$ in length of trunk; head and trunk 14 in tail; depth 23 in head; snout short, pointed, much projecting; cleft of mouth 4 in head, slightly extending beyond eye. Eye very small. Pectoral fin reduced to a slight rudiment; dorsal inserted on top of head, at a point nearer snout than gill opening; dorsal ending not far from tip of tail; end of anal two heads’ lengths before tip of tail; teeth small, mostly biserial. Body brownish white, paler below, with 29 jet black rings, about as wide as the interspaces extending on the fins; tip of snout and tip of tail white; rings just as distinct on belly as on back, but with occa- sional irregularities. According to Bleeker and Giinther, there is also a variety (fasc7- atus) with the interspaces ornamented with ocellate spots, and other varieties are said to differ in the relative length of light and dark rings, the latter occasionally not covering the belly. East Indies. Our three specimens typical in color, collected by Capt. Alan Owston, at Yaeyama, Ishigaki Islands, southern Riu Kiu. The largest is 163 inches long. The close resemblance of this species to Levuranus semicinctus of the same waters has been often noted. (Coluber, a spotted snake. ) S68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII. o) 17. PISOODONOGP His tau: Pisoodonophis Kaup, Apodal Fishes, 1856, p. 17 (boro). Pisodontophis, amended spelling. Eels with the blunt teeth of myrichthys and the backward dorsal and well-developed pectoral of Ophichthus. Species slender, plainly colored, mostly of the East Indies. (i@os, pea; odovs, tooth: Ogts, snake. ) 28. PISOODONOPHIS ZOPHISTIUS Jordan and Snyder, new species, Head 3 in trunk; head and body 1% in tail. Body slender cylin- drical; its depth 35 in head. Mouth moderate; its cleft 33 in head; snout sharp 5 in head; eye 9 in head; teeth small, all rounded or granular in narrow bands; pectoral sharp 3% in head; dorsal inserted just before its middle; dorsal fin rather high, distinctly elevated on the black patch in front, low on the tail, which is sharp at tip. Color blackish above, paler below, with vague pale blotches on side; head with dark lengthwise wrinkles; lower jaw with six black pores on each side and three behind rictus; sides and top of head also with Fig. 15.—PISOODONOPHIS ZOPHISTIUS. black pores regularly arranged; snout with dark markings; dorsal with a large jet-black blotch in front; the fin posteriorly dusky, with a broad black edge; anal pale, with a blackish edge; pectoral black, narrowly edged with pale. One specimen received from Asakusa Aquarium in Tokyo, taken outside the Bay of Tokyo, near Misaki. Type No. 6475, Leland Stan- ford Junior University Museum. Its length is 21 inches. This species is evidently very close to Pisoodonophis cancrivorus, as described by Giinther, Bleeker, and Richardson. In all the numerous figures of the latter species the pores behind the rictus characteristic of P. zophistius ave not represented, and none of Bleeker’s figures show the black blotch and peculiar form of the anterior part of the dorsal. (Codos, dusky; toriov, dorsal.) 18. XYRIAS Jordan and Snyder, new genus. Xyrias JORDAN and SNYDER, new genus (revilsius). This genus differs from Ophichthus in having the lateral teeth in the upper jaw ina broad band of about four series; lower teeth larger, ms ne he a ns SA NT Nat i a al aR tm 2S Be he NO. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. S69 mostly in one row; front teeth somewhat enlarged. From Crrhimu- raena, with which it agrees in this regard, it differs in lacking alto- gether the fringe of fine cirri or barbels along the edge of the upper lip characteristic of the latter genus. The teeth are all pointed, sub- equal, the pectoral is weli developed, and the dorsal tin begins well behind its tip. (Svpitas, a shaveling, from the unfringed lips.) 29. XYRIAS REVULSUS Jordan and Snyder, new species. Head 3% in trunk; head and trunk a little longer than tail; depth 4 in head; snout short, 63 in head; eye 23 in snout; cleft of mouth very long, extending far behind eye, 2;'; in head; teeth in upper jaw in about four rows on each side, equal in size; lower teeth larger, close set, mostly in one row; vomerine teeth moderate; front teeth of upper jaw enlarged; pectoral small, 6 in head; dorsal inserted behind gill A opening at a distance 25 in head. Fic. 16.—XYRIAS REVULSUS. Color light brown, bluish-white below, upper parts everywhere closely freckled with fine irregular brown spots, rarely confluent and of various forms, rather narrower than the interspaces; these spots darker on head and much more closely set; similar spots on chin; fins all whitish; pectoral a little spotted. One very fine specimen 35 inches long (No. 6476 Leland Stanford Junior Museum) was obtained at the Asakusa Aquarium, having been taken near Misaki. The species is very distinct from anything else known to us. (Revulsus, smooth-shaven, twice plucked; from the smooth lips. ) 19> MIG RODONOIPHIS, Kap: Microdonophis Kaur, Apodal Fishes, 1856, p. 6, (altipinnis). This genus is distinguished from Ophichthus by the anterior inser- tion of the dorsal, which is placed over the gill opening; pectoral small; trunk very long; teeth pointed, subequal, all uniserial. East Indies. (sKpos, small; odovs, tooth; o¢zs, snake.) 870 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII, 30. MICRODONOPHIS ERABO Jordan and Snyder, new species. MONGAROCHI. Head 42 to 5 in trunk; head and trunk a little shorter than tail; . : body rather slender, the depth 2% in head; snout blunt, triangular, depressed, +$ in head; eye small, 23 in snout, the front of the eye slightly nearer tip of snout than angle of mouth, the cleft of the mouth extending well beyond eye, 24 in head; gill opening small; pectoral small, 44 in head; teeth subequal, not very sharp, in a single row above and below, the row sometimes somewhat irregular or partly divided into two; vomerine teeth in one row; nasal teeth 3 on each side; no conspicuous pores on head. Dorsal moderate, inserted just a little before gill opening; lateral line conspicuous. Color brownish olive, white below; body with large, round, brown spots of varying sizes, one large one often alternating with two small ones, the uppermost on the median line; largest spots about one-fifth head; spots on head much smaller, crowded, reducing the pale color to Fig. 17.—MICRODONOPHIS ERABO. reticulations; lower jaw and throat spotted; pectoral with five or six small spots, these faint in the smaller specimens; dorsal with oblong spots and markings, like those on body; anal plain white. The species is allied to Ophichthus polyophthalmus and with it belongs to Kaup’s genus or subgenus J/icrodonophis, characterized by the anterior portion of the dorsal and the uniserial teeth. Three specimens from Misaki, the longest 24 inches in length, type No. 6477, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, the others 224 and 21, received from the Asakusa Aquarium in Tokyo, through the courtesy of Professor Kishinouye, of the Imperial Fisheries Bureau. It is known as Mongarochi to the fishermen. Still another specimen (No. 81, Imperial Museum) was presented to us by Professor Ishikawa. It is from an unknown locality, but we noted its identity with No. 79, in the same list, known to be from Boshu (Awa), at the mouth of Tokyo Bay. Two others, also from an unknown locality, supposably Misaki and No. 4733, Imperial University Museum, were presented by Professor Mitsukuri. Still another, said to be from Okinawa, was received from Yonekichi Komeyama, a dealer in natural history specimens. The spotting of the body and pectoral fins differs considerably in these examples, but . NO. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. S7 ail agree in the general coloration, the very long trunk, the forward insertion of the pectorals, and the uniserial teeth. (/7abo or Lrabo unag?, the name of the venomous sea snake, /Vaturus fasciatus, of the bays of South Japan.) ZO OWS Ee AS CAvinl: Ophichthus Aut, De Mureena et Ophichtho, 1789 (ophis). Ophisurus LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., II, 1800, p. 98 (ophis). Congrus RAFINESQUE, Caratteri, etc., 1810, p. 62 (maculatus). Ophisurus Swainson, Nat. Hist. Classn. Anim., II, 1839, p. 334 (pictus-maculatus). (Not of Lacépéde. ) Centrurophis Kaup, Apodes, 1856, p. 2 (spadiceus). Pecilocephalus Kavp, Apodes, p. 5 (bonaparter). Cecilophis Kaup, Apodes, p. 6 (compar). Herpetoichthys Kaur, Apodes, p. 7 (ornatissimus). Elapsopsis Kaur, Apodes, p. 9 (versicolor). Muraenopsis Kaup, Apodes, p. 11 (ocellatus). (The name wrongly accredited to Le Sueur. ) Scytalophis Kaup, Apodes, p. 13 (magnioculis). Leptorhinophis Kaur, Apodes, p. 14 (gomesit). Cryptopterus Kaur, Aale Hamburg, 1859 (puncticeps). Uranichthys Pony, Repertorio, II, 1867, p. 256 (havannensis). Oxvyodontichthys Pony, Anales Soc. Nat. Hist. Esp., 1880, p. 254 (macrurus) . Ophichthys BurEker, Gunther, and of recent authors generally (corrected spell- ing). This genus contains all the Ophichthyoid eels which have sharp teeth, no marked canines, well-developed pectoral fins, and the dorsal inserted behind the head. The species are very numerous in tropical seas, and many attempts have been made to split the group into smaller genera. Notwithstanding the great differences when extremes are compared, these small genera can not be well defined. The generic name, Ophisurus, often used for other groups, was an exact synonym of Ophichthus. (6gis, snake; iy4uvs, fish; hence more correctly writ- ten Ophichthys.) a. Centrurophis Kaur. Teeth above in a single, sometimes irregular series; lower teeth uniserial. b. Color not uniform light brown; nape with a broad blackish bar, edged before and behind with pale; dorsal and anal with a median dusky stripe; dorsal inserted abovesend or pectoral —- 25222 ks ee ese nee cephalozona. 31. bb. Color uniform light brown; no bands on head; dorsaland anal pale, edged with white. c. Dorsal fin inserted behind pectoral at a distance from gill opening nearly half head; dorsal and anal elevated on tail ..........-....-..--- urolophus. 32. ce. Dorsal fin inserted over middle of pectoral at a distance from gill opening less than one-fifth head; fins not elevated on the tail......_-- ausakuse. 33. aa. Herpetoichthys Kaur. Teeth above distinctly biserial; coloration uniform light brown, the fins pale. d. Body rather stout, the depth 24 in head; lower teeth uniserial; dorsal INSeRtecovier tiplOl PECLOnal saat Pte Ee ek ee ee tsuchide. 34. dd. Body very slender, the depth rarely one-fourth the head; lower teeth biserial; dorsal inserted well behind pectoral .........--: stenopterus. 39. 872 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIM; 31. OPHICHTHUS CEPHALOZONA Bleeker. Centrurophis spadiceus Kaup, Apodes, 1856 fig. 1, (not description; not of Rich- ardson ). Muraenopsis marginata BLEEKER, Ned. Tydskr. Dierk., I, p. 179 (not of Peters). Ophichthys cephalozona BLEEKeER, Atlas Ichth. ane 1864, p. 49, pl. x11, fig. 2 (Singapore, Amboyna) .—KNerr, Novara Fische, p. 377. Cae Cat. Fish., VIII, p. 69, Amboyna, Cape York, Australia, Cebu, Philippine Telanda, Japan. Head 4 in trunk; head and ae about as long as tail; mouth mod- erate, extending slightly beyond eye; snout pointed, the upper jaw much projecting; eye moderate, 2 in snout, situated in anterior third of head; posterior nostril in advance of eye; anterior with a broad tube. Premaxillary teeth stout, in an irregular group; these together with a pair in front of lower jaw stronger than the others, which are pointed, fixed, uniserial. Pectoral a little more than one-fourth of head. Dorsal inserted above end of pectoral. 3ody purplish brown; nape with a very broad cross band of deep black, broadly edged ah white in front and behind. Dorsal and anal tricolor, brownish at base, black and white along the margin. (Giinther.) Pectoral dark. Three distinct pores behind rictus; snout and lower jaw with large pores. East Indies, widely distributed, a specimen in the British Museum collected by Mr. Jamrach in ‘‘ Japan.” This belongs to a variety or perhaps distinct species, having the nuchal band less distinct, the body and fins marked with irregular dark-brown blotches and the dorsal fin without pale edge. («edadn, head: Carn, band.) 32. OPHICHTHUS UROLOPHUS (Schlegel). Conger urolophus SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1847, p. 260, pl. exry, fig. 1 (Nagasaki. ) Ophichthys urolophus GéNTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, p. 73, after Schlegel.—Nysrrom, K. Svensk, Vet. Akad. Handl. 1887, p. 46, Nagasaki. Head 3 in trunk; cleft of mouth 3 in head; eye 13 in snout; teeth uniserial in both jaws, those above in front somewhat irregular. Pectoral well developed, the dorsal beginning behind its tip, its distance from the gill opening about 24 in head; vertical fins somewhat elevated at the tail. Color uniform light brown; oblong brownish spots on head and nape above; fins pale, with a white margin. (Schlegel.) Nagasaki, described from a large specimen, figured by Schlegel; not seen by subsequent writers unless our QO. asukuse is the same, which seems very unlikely. (ovpa, tail; Modos, crest.) 33. OPHICHTHUS ASAKUS#£ Jordan and Snyder, new species. Head 25 in trunk; head and trunk 1} in tail; body very robust, the depth at gill opening 23 in head; mouth rather small, its cleft 23 in head; extending well beyond eye; snout short, blunt, depressed above, no.1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 873 54 in head; eye moderate 14 in snout; front of eye about equidistant between tip of snout and angle of mouth; teeth stout, short and rather sharp, subequal, in one irregular row above, the lower apparently uniserial; pectoral roundish, +} in head; dorsal inserted over middle of pectoral; distance from insertion of dorsal forward to gill opening 6 in head; the fin rather high, not elevated at the tail, the fin there lower than anteriorly; tail bluntish; pores in lateral line very small; head with longitudinal wrinkles. Fic. 18.—OPHICHTHUS ASAKUS. Color uniform olive brown, the belly paler, no dark streaks or points on head; dorsal and anal fins pale, the edge whitish. One specimen 22 inches long, type No. 6478, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, obtained from the Asakusa Aquarium in Tokyo, taken outside the Bay of Tokyo, near Misaki. The pale edge of the dorsal and anal are characteristic of the species. It is closely related to the species called wrolophus by Schlegel, but in that species the dorsal is inserted well behind the pectoral at a distance behind the gill opening 24 in head according to Schlegel’s figure. Our specimen moreoyer shows no sign of the elevation of the dorsal and anal on the tail, which suggested the name wrolophus. 34. OPHICHTHUS TSUCHID£ Jordan and Snyder, new species. Head 23 in trunk; head and trunk 14 in tail. Body robust, the depth at gill opening 23 in head. Mouth rather large, its cleft 25 in FIG. 19.—OPHICHTHUS TSUCHID®, head, the front of eye midway between tip of snout and angle of mouth; maxillary extending well beyond eye. Snout short, blunt, depressed above, 53 in head; eye large, 14 in snout. Teeth all sharp, subequal, those in upper jaw in two distinet series, those below 874 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. uniserial. Pectorial rather pointed, 3 in head. Dorsal inserted over tip of pectoral, the fin rather low, not elevated at the tail, distance from gill opening to front of dorsal, 25 in head; tail bluntish; pores in lateral line evident; skin of head wrinkled. Color uniform olive brown, made darker by dark points, belly paler; dorsal and anal pale, each with whitish border One specimen, a foot long, from Misaki, No. 6479, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, named for Mr. Tsuchida, asssistant to Dr. Mitsukuri in the seaside laboratory of the Imperial University at Misaki. 35. OPHICHTHUS STENOPTERUS Cope. Ophichthus stenopterus Corr, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., 1871, p. 482, Japan. Tail nearly twice length of head and trunk. Teeth in two rows in each jaw; vomerine teeth mostly in two series; eye 2 in snout, pectoral 5 in head; dorsal beginning behind it at a point 1 times length of fin. Dorsal and anal very low, each a mere fold in front. Brown aboye, white below; anal and dorsal white. Body very slender, much as in O. lumbricoides Bleeker. The depth in /wmbricoides is less than one- fourth the head, but its fins are much higher than in O. stenopterus. (oreros, narrow; 7TEpor, fin.) Two specimen said to be from Japan. 2 We DIVIDE Sele al @ AE Se bora ete) = Mystriophis Kaup, Apodes, 1856, p. 10 (rostellatus). Large eels, allied to Ophichthus, but distinguished by the presence of large canines on the jaws and vomer. Snout short, expanded at tip, suggesting the muzzle of a crocodile. Coloration plain. (“#vaTpior, a spoon, from the form of the snout in JZ. rostellatus,; odts, snake.) 36. MYSTRIOPHIS PORPHYREUS (Schlegel.) Ophisurus porphyreus SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1847, p. 265, pl. cxvt, fig. 1, Nagasaki. Mystriophis porphyreus Kaur, Apodes, 1856, p. 10, after Schlegel. Ophichthys rostellatus GUNTHER, in part, not of Richardson. (Specimen from Japan, purchased from Herr Frank. ) Head 3 in trunk; head and trunk a very little shorter than tail. Cleft of mouth 24 in head; snout short, broad, flattened, slightly con- tracted behind its tip, like the snout of the crocodile, 94 in head; eve 2 in snout. Teeth pointed, fixed, very unequal; those in front canine. Vomerine teeth very large, in one row, + or 5 in number; teeth in upper jaws in two very distinct rows, those of the outer row far apart and larger; lower jaw with a single row of large canines. Vertical fins moderate; pectoral rounded, 6 in head. Gill openings wide, close together. Dorsal beginning far behind pectoral, the distance behind gill opening two-thirds of length of head. 'The American species hitherto referred to this genus have the vomerine teeth small and the snout narrowed. To these the name Crotalopsis Kaup (Echiopsis Kaup) should be applied. The species are spotted with black. NO. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 875 Purplish brown, ‘streaky, “paler below; head with some dark dots and wrinkles; pores on head not conspicuous. Pectoral pale; dorsal brownish, with the edge black; anal a little paler. Coast of southern Japan, rather rare, here described from two speci- mens 34 to + feet in length, taken at Wakanoura. Dr. Giinther iden- tifies the species with J/ystriophis rostellatus from Senegal, but in the Japanese species the head is shorter, and the lower teeth are uniserial. This species is one of the largest of the Ophichthyoid eels. (zopdupéeos, purplish. ) 22. BRACHYSOMOPHIS Kaup. Brachysomophis Kaur, Apodes, 1856, p. 9 (horridus. ) ? Achirophichthys BLEEKER, Poissons Inéd. Murénes, Ned. Tijdschr. Dierk., I, p. 42 (typus=crocodilinus young). This genus differs from J/ystriophis chiefly in the presence of a con- spicuous fringe of papillae on the lips. The vomerine teeth are canine. Species East Indian, doubtfully recorded from Japan. (Bpaxus, short; @@pua, body; Ogis, snake.) 37- BRACHYSOMOPHIS CROCODILINUS (Bennett). Ophisurus crocodilinus BENNETT, Proc. Zodl. Soc. Lond., 1833, p. 32, Mauritius. Brachysomophis horridus Kaur, Apodes, 1856, p. 9, fig. 6, Otaheite.—BLEEKER, Verh. Med. Ak. Amst., 1868, II, p. 303. ? Achirophichthys beac Ned. Tijdschr. Dierk., p. 42, Celebes. Ophichthys crocodilinus GENTHER, Cat., VII, 1870, p. 64, Galioacoe: Japan. Brachysomophis crocodilinus JORDAN and Davis, Apodal Fishes, 1892, p. 636.— JORDAN and EverMANN, Fish. N. M. America, after Gunther. Teeth unequal in size; maxillary teeth in a double row, those of the inner row stronger and less numerous than the outer; vomer and mandibular teeth uniserial, large canine teeth; head 3 in trunk; snout extremely short and rather flattened, scarcely twice as long as eye, which is small and situated in the anterior ninth of the length of the head; vertical fins moderately well developed; distance between the origin of dorsal fin and gill opening 24 in head; pectoral small; body longer than tail. Upper parts brownish, minutely dotted with darker; a series of black pores along the lateral line, sometimes a whitish line across the occiput (Giinther). East Indies, a specimen recorded by Giinther from the Galapagos, and also recorded by Giin- ther, with equal doubt, from Japan. (Crocodilinus, like a crocodile.) 23. OXYSTOMUS Rafinesque. Oxystomus RAFINESQUE, Caratteri di Aleuni Generi, 1810, p. 62 (hyalinus=serpens; young). Ophisurus Risso, Europe Merid., 1826, pp. 111, 206 (serpens, not of Rafinesque). Leptognathus Swainson, Natur. Hist. Classn. Fish., II, 1839, p. 234 (oxyrhynchus= serpens) . Mie Samir, Illustr. Fishes 8. Afr., 1840 (carpensis). This genus is allied to Ophichthus, differing in the long and slender jaws, similar to those of Oxyconger, Chlopsis, and Wettastoma. The 876 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXIII, canine teeth are strong, as in J/ystrophis, and the tail is much longer than the rest of the body. Pectorals well developed, the dorsal inserted well behind them. Teeth sharp. (o&vs, sharp; o7oya, mouth. ) 38. OXYSTOMUS MACRORHYNCHUS Bleeker. UMIHEBI (SEA SNAKE): DAINANHEBI (FORMOSA SNAKE). Ophisurus serpens SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1847, p. 264, Nagasaki (not Murxna serpens Linnzeus) . Ophichthys serpens GUNTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 65, specimen from Japan.— IsHixkawa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 6, Tokyo. Ophisurus macrorhynchus BLEEKER, Verh. Bat. Gen. Mureen., X XV, 1852, p. 28, Japan.—Brevoort, Exped. Japan, 1856, p. 283, Shimoda. Head 4 in trunk; head and trunk 1% in tail; depth of body 34 in head; snout sharp 3% in head (4 in large example); eye large, 3 in snout, nearer angle of mouth than tip of snout; cleft of mouth 1 in head; teeth pointed, fixed, unequal, those above biserial on posterior part of jaw, those below uniserial; teeth of front of jaw and on vomer canine; upper jaw with a row of large pores; gill openings wide; pectoral 5 in head (6 in large example); the dorsal beginning behind tip of pectoral a distance about equal to length of pectoral. Color brownish, sides and below silvery; pectoral brownish. Coasts of Japan, not rare; two specimens received by us, the longest from Onasagawa, through Yonekichi Komeyama, 32 inches long; the other from Tokyo Bay, presented by Dr. Ishikawa; still another, over 4 feet long, is from Misaki. It is known as Umshebi or Dainanhebi. The species is very close to Oxystomus serpens (Linneus) of Kurope, with which Dr. Giinther identifies it. It seems to differ somewhat in measurements. The pectoral fin is a little larger, and the head shorter in relation to the trunk. At least, the two species should not be united without full comparison of specimens, though the published accounts of O. sexpens indicate no difference of importance. (“aKpos, long: pvyyxos, snout.) Family 1X.. MORINGUIDA. Body cylindrical, more or less slender, the tail much shorter than rest of body, usually bluntish, with a fin at the top. Posterior nostrils in front of the small eye; mouth small; teeth small, uniserial; gill openings rather narrow, inferior. Heart placed far behind the gills. Pectorals small or wanting; dorsal fin low, mostly confined to the tail. Small eels of the tropical seas, often very slender or worm-like, and noted for the extreme shortness of the tail. The genera are closely related and two of them (Moringua = Raitaboura = Stilbiscus and Aphthalmichthys) ave found in the West Indies as well as in the East. a. Pectoral fin wanting or reduced to a slight scale-like appendage; vertical fins dis- | tinct only on the tail, not interrupted in the middle. .---... Aphthalmichthys. 24. yey NO. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. Sat 94. APHTHALMICHTHYS Kaup. Aphthalmichthys Kaur, Apodes, 1856, p. 105 (javanicus) . This genus differs from Moringua in the little development of the fins. The pectorals are wanting or very n arly so, and the dorsal and anal form low ridges developed as fin only at the end of the tail. Eye very small; lower jaw projecting. (a, privative; opbad os, eye; iyOus, fish.) a. Body moderately slender, the depth 3 to 4 in head, 40 to 45 in entire length. abbreviatus. 39. aa. Body excessively slender, the depth 34 to 4+ in head, 75 to 100 in entire length. javanicus. 40. 39. APHTHALMICHTHYS ABBREVIATUS Bleeker. Aphthalmichthys abbreviatus BLEEKER, Ned. Tyds. Dierks. I, about 1860, p. 163, Java, ete.; Atlas Ichth. Mureen., 1864, p. 17, pl. 1, fig. 1, Java, Batu, Cele- bes, Ternate, Amboyna, Timor. Moringua abbreviata GUNTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 92. Head 7 in trunk, 114 in total; tail 33 in total length; depth of body 1 in head, about 45 in total length; cleft of mouth 5 in head; dorsal tin beginning three heads’ lengths from tip of tail; the anal a little farther forward; fin rays on tip of tail as long as eye and snout. Pec- toral visible, but scarcely larger than eye. Color light brown. East Indies, generally common, here described from a specimen 114 inches long, taken by Capt. Alan Owston at Yaeyama, in the southern Riukiu Islands. It agrees in the main with Bleeker’s figure, but has rather better developed fins. (Adbreviatus, shortened.) 4o. APHTHALMICHTHYS JAVANICUS Kaup. _ Aphthalmichthys javanicus Kaup, Apodes, 1856, p. 105, Java.—BuerKer, Ned. Tydsskr. Dierk., I, p. 164; Atlas Ichth. Murzen., 1864, p. 16, pl. u, fig. 2. Java, Celebes, Ceram, Timor. Moringua javanica GUNTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 92, Moluccas, Fiji, Japan. Depth of body 75 to 100 times in length; head 15 to 22 times in body; vertical fins reduced to a fringe at end of tail. No pectorals. Brownish, paler below. (Bleeker.) East Indies, recorded by Giinther from Japan, doubtless the tiu- kiu Islands. Size larger than in A. abbreviatus, the body much more slender. Family X. MURAINIDE. MORAYS. The Murenide represent the most degenerate type of eels so far as the skeleton is concerned, and they are doubtless the farthest removed from the more typical fishes from which the eels have descended. The essential characters of the family are thus stated by Dr. Gill: Colocephalous Apodals with conic head, fully developed opercular apparatus, long and wide ethmoid, posterior maxillines, pauciserial teeth, roundish, lateral branchial 878 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXUT. | apertures, diversiform vertical fins, pectoral fins (typically) suppressed, scaleless skin, restricted interbranchial slits, and very imperfect branchial skeleton, with the fourth branchial arch modified, strengthened, and supporting pharyngeal jaws. The Morays may be readily distinguished from the other eels by their small round gill openings and by the absence of pectorals. The body and fins are covered by a thick, leathery skin, the occipital region is elevated through the development of the strong muscles which move _ the lower jaw, and the jaws are usually narrow and armed with knife- like or else molar teeth. The Morays inhabit tropical and subtropical waters, being especially abundant in crevices about coral reefs. Many of the species reach a large size, and all are voracious and pugnacious. The coloration is usually strongly marked, the color cells being highly specialized. The genera 10 or 12; species 120. The Murenide with- out fins are the simplest in structure, but their characters are those of degradation, and they are farther removed from the primitive stock than such genera as J/urena. a. Vertical fins well developed, the dorsal beginning on the head. 6. Posterior nostrils as well as the anterior with a long tube .-.._...-1 Murena, 25. bb. Posterior nostrils circular, without tube. c. Teeth all or nearly all sharp, the longer ones depressible canines. d. Body stout, the depth more than one-third length of head, the tail about as long as rest of body; vomerine teeth, if present, canine-like. e. Depressible canine teeth few (1 to 10 in number, all told). Gymnothorax. 26. ee. Depressible canines very numerous, about 30 in number, all told; teeth biserial; mouth large, not closing completely ........----. Emasia, 27. dd. Body very slender, the depth less than one-third of head; tail longer than rest of body; anduth:-cmialll2 3 06 oc aoa. eee Strophidon. 28. ce. Teeth mostly obtuse, molar-like; posterior nostrils without tube; mouth small; dorsal beginning before gill opening ............--... Echidna, 29. aa. Vertical fins reduced to a rudiment on end of tail; teeth pointed; posterior nos- tril without tube; cleft of mouth not half head; snout moderate, about half lene tiial-oape poo. ets are he cog ee ee Uropterygius. 30. 25. MURAENA (Artedi) Linnezus. MORAYS. Murena Arrept, Gen. Pisc., 1738, p. 23 (in part; includes all eels). Murena Lixnxus, X, 1758, p. 243 (helena, ete.; includes all eels). Murxnophis Lackpkpe, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 1803, p. 630 (helena, ete. ). Limamurena Kaur, Apodes, 1856, p. 95 (guttata). This genus as now restricted contains numerous species found in the tropical seas, distinguished from all the rest of the family having developed fins by the presence of barbels on the posterior as well as the anterior nostrils. The teeth are all sharp and the dorsal fin begins on the head. (uvparva (Moray), ancient name of Murena helena of Europe.) ey No, 1239, APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 879 41. MURAZENA PARDALIS Schlegel. Murena pardalis SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1847, p. 268, pl. 119, Naga- saki.—BLEEKER, Act. Soc. Indo-Nederl., Japan, VI, p. 230, Japan; Nat. Tydsskr. Ned. Ind., XVI, p. 206.—Gtnruer, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 99, Mauritius. Gymnothorax pardalis BLErKerR, Atlas Ichth. Mureen., 1864, p. 86, pl. xxv, fig. 1; pl. xxvi, fig. 2, Japan, Cocos, Java. Head 23 in trunk; tail a little longer than rest of body; body very robust, the depth 12 in head; snout pointed, narrow, 3? in head; pos- terior nostrils with very long tubes, 2 in snout, twice as long as ante- rior, which are shorter than eye; eye moderate, 24 in snout, a little nearer angle of mouth than tip of snout; mouth very large, not clos- ing completely, its cleft 24 in head; canines strong; teeth in each jaw biserial in the young, becoming uniserial in the adult; about 10 canines on each side in lower jaw, besides smaller teeth; 2 depressible fangs on vomer. Dark brown, clouded or vaguely barred with darker, the dark form- ing reticulations around pale areas; everywhere covered with numer- ous small round yellowish or whitish ocelli ringed with darker, these largest on the lower parts, and on head and belly; in the young white with dark cross bands, the white breaking up into spots with age, sometimes partly confluent; lower jaw with light and dark crossbars; no pale edgings to the fins. East Indies, north to Japan, not rare. Our specimens, three in number, are fo Wakanoura, the largest 25 inches long. This species may be at once known from all other Tanners Morays by the four barbels on the snout. The spots on the body, white with black rings. are also different from any other. (7apdadzs, leopard.) 26. GYMNOTHORAX Bloch. Gymnothorax Buocu, Ichthyol., 1X, 1795, p. 85 (reticularis). Lycodontis MCCLELLAND, Calcutta Journ. Nat. Hist., V, 1844, p. 173 (literata = tile). Therodontis MCCLELLAND, Calcutta Journ. Nat. Hist., V, 1844, p. 174 (reticulata = tesselata). ? Sidera Kaup, Apodes, 1856, p. 70 ee (vomerine teeth globular). Eurymyctera Kaup, Apodes, 1856, p. 72 (crudelis). Polyuranodon Kaur, Apodes, 1856, p. "96 (kuhli = polyuranodon). Teniophis Kaur, Aale Hamburg Mus., Nachtrage, 1859, p. 10 (qwestphali ap Priodonophis Kaur, Aalenihnliche Fische Hamburg. Museum, 1859, p. 22 (ocel- latus). Neomurena Girarp, U.S. Mex. Bound. Sury., Fishes, 1859, p. 76 (nigromargi- nata-ocellatus ). Pseudomurena JouNnson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1860, p. 167 (madeirensis). This genus, as here understood, comprises the great bulk of the Murenide, including all the species with sharp teeth, the vomer with a few depressible canines, the number of depressible teeth in the mouth less than ten; the body stout and not greatly elongate; the anterior 880 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, nostrils only tubular, and the dorsal fin beginning on the head. Th large canines, varying much in number, are usually depressible. The Morays of this genus are everywhere abundant in the tropical seas, where some of them reach a great size. They are the most active and voracious of the eels, often showing much pugnacity Most of them. live in shallow water about rocks or reefs. (vupvos, naked; wpa, chest, from the absence of pectoral fins. The name Gymnothorar, based ona Japanese Moray of this genus, must take the place of Zycodontis.) a. Gymnothorax, Teeth of jaws uniserial; mouth closing completely. ». General color uniform purplish; dorsal and anal each with a broad white mar- gin; dorsal fin high; jaws with large pores .........-...-- albomarginata. 42. bb. General color not uniform, the body much spotted or banded. c. Body mottled or spotted, without distinct dark cross bands. d. Body with spots or blotches, of varying forms, some or all of them paler — than the ground color. . e. Anal fin with a distinct white margin; light and dark markings arranged to form irregular diffuse cross bands; head 2 to 24 in trunk. -kidako. 48. ee. Anal fin without distinct white margin; head 24 in trunk; body with — dark lines and many whitish spots, some of them ring like. mieroszewskii. 44. dd. Body with roundish black spots darker than the ground color, the spots — on head similar; head 24 in trunk; tail longer than rest of body. reeves. 45, cc. Body pale brown with about 20 broad dark bands, most distinct on belly; head and back finely spotted; mouth small -...........--.. reticularis. 46. 42. GYMNOTHORAX ALBIMARGINATUS (Schlegel). 2? Murena hepatica Riprevy, Atlas Fische, p. 120, Red Sea. Fish., 1870, p. 122, Amboyna. Murena albimarginata SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, 1847, p. 267, pl. cxvit, Nagasaki. Gymnothorax albimarginatus BLEEKER, Atlas Ichth. Murzen., p. 107, pl. xxxvu, fig. 2; pl. xu, fig. 3, Amboyna. GUNTHER, Cat. Head 33 in trunk; tail nearly or quite as long as rest of body; teeth uniserial, the canines scarcely enlarged; mouth closing completely; snout thick, of moderate length; eye small, 2} in snout, nearer to angle of mouth than tip of snout; cleft of mouth about 23 in head; gill opening scarcely wider than eye; length of anterior nasal tubes less than vertical diameter of eye. Dorsal fin very high, beginning in advance of gill opening, the posterior rays higher than body below; jaws with large whitish pores, about 3 above and 5 below on each side. Color uniform purplish brown, paler below; dorsal and anal each with a broad whitish margin. (Schlegel; Giinther.) East Indies, north to Kiusiu, not seen by us. Dr Giinther identifies the species with Gymnothorax hepaticus (Ritppell), an earlier named species from the Red Sea. But as Bleeker observes, this identity is not yet proved, and Dr. Day records neither of them from India. (Albus, white; marginatus, edged.) NO, 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 881 43. GYMNOTHORAX KIDAKO (Schlegel). KIDAKO; KICHIGAIUNAGI; UTSUBO. Murena kidako SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1846, p. 266, pl. exvi, Naga- : saki.—Brevoort, Exped. Japan, 1856, p. 283, Shimoda.—Nysrrom, K. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl., 1887, p. 46, Nagasaki. Murena similis RicHarpson, Voy. Erebus and Terror, 1847, p. 83, Japan.— Kaup, Apodes, 1856, p. 63. Murena nubila Giéxtuer, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 117, Japan (not of Richard- son).—IsHikawa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 5, Sagami. Head 2 to 24 in trunk; 6} in total length; head and trunk a little shorter than tail. Skin smooth; cleft of mouth large, 24 in head; mouth closing completely; teeth rather broad, all in single series, without basal lobes; mandible with about 16 teeth on each side; yvomer with one row of depressible teeth; nasal tube rather shorter than eve, which is nearly 2 in snout; snout 5 in head, compressed and some- what produced; eye a little nearer tip of snout than angle of mouth; gill opening not so wide as eye. Color dark brown or black, everywhere blotched or spotted with white or yellowish, the white or yellowish closely mixed with the dark ground color, both light and dark colors confluent in irregular transverse bands. In some specimens light colors prevail, in others the dark; gill opening dark; angle of mouth black without white spot before it; no white pores on lower jaw; belly colored like sides, but the white markings more conspicuous; dorsal beginning well in front of gill opening, colored like the body with dark brown and white mottlings; no marginal stripe; anal black, with a very distinct white margin, chin and throat with traces of dark streaks. Coasts of Japan, generally common, varying much in shade and degree of mottling from almost gray to almost black. It may be, however, always distinguished by the white stripe along the black anal. Our specimens, ten in number, are from Tokyo, Misaki, and Wakanoura. This species is placed by Dr. Giinther in the synonymy of Murena nubilis, from the East Indies, but that species has a black margin to the dorsal, as well as the anal. The specimen described above (Misaki) is 24 inches long. As Richardson,-in his account of the eels of the ‘* Voyage of the Erebus and Terror” acknowledges the receipt of Schlegel’s account of the eels of the ‘‘ Fauna Japonica,” we must consider that Schlegel’s name iidako has priority over Richardson’s name s//7s for the common Japanese Moray. (A7dako, the common Japanese name. ) 56 Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii 882 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII, 44. GYMNOTHORAX MIEROSZEWSKII (Steindachner). Murexna mieroszewskii STEINDACHNER, Reise Sr. Maj. Schiff Aurora, 1898, p. 222 Kobe. ’ Head 24 in trunk; head and trunk as long as tail; snout 44 in head; cleft of mouth 24; greatest depth of body 14 in head; eye 24 in snout; mouth not closing; the cleft long, the teeth pointed, with the points turned backward, all one-rowed, about 13 on each side in each jaw; no teeth on vomer; anterior nasal tube half eye; posterior nostril without tube; gill opening as large as eye. Body with the skin wrinkled, color light and dark brownish violet, covered with innumerable crossing lines of violet brown and close- set, diffuse, roundish spots of brownish white, occasionally ring-like; black furrows between angle of mouth and gill opening; region of gill opening, angle of mouth, and lower margin of eye diffusely blackish; front of head above and below dark grayish-violet; tail darker than rest of body; spots on tail smaller, closer-set and better defined, the reticulate lines less distinct. (Steindachner.) Described from a specimen 85 cm. long, obtained at Kobe by Dr. C. Ritter von Mieroszewski, surgeon of the Austrian frigate Aurora, for whom the species was named. 45. GYMNOTHORAX REEVESI (Richardson). Murena reevesi RICHARDSON, Voyage Sulphur, 1848, p. 109, pl. xurx, fig. 2, on a Chinese drawing made for John Reeves, of Canton.—GtNrTHeEr, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 107, “Japan.” Head 2% in trunk; tail longer than rest of body; cleft of mouth wide, 24 to 24 in head; snout compressed, rather short; eye moderate, more than half snout, nearer tip of snout than angle of mouth. Ante- rior nasal tubes short; gill opening not wider than eye; mouth closing completely; canines moderate, few in number; teeth uniserial, with- out basal lobes, about 17 on each side of mandible. Color dark brown, with several series of indistinct black round spots, longitudinally arranged and about as large as eye; head with spots similar in size and form to those of body; fins without pale margin. (Giinther.) Coasts of China, not seen by us, recorded by Giinther from Japan, (collection Jamrach), probably from the Riukiu Islands. (Named for John Reeves, of Canton.) 46. GYMNOTHORAX RETICULARIS Bloch. Gymnothorax reticularis Buocn, Auslindische Fische, IX, 1795, p. 85, pl. ccccxv1, Indian Ocean.—ScHNEIDER, Syst. Ichth., 1801, p. 528 (copied). Murenophis reticularis LAcEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 1803, p. 628 (copied). Murena reticularis GéNxtHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 105, China Sea, Japan.— IsHikawa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 5, Tokio. b peti ae CS att ae led aa ea NO. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 883 Murena reticulata Rene ARDSON, vores Erebus aha Terror, 1847, p. 82, Sea of Borneo.—Kaup, Apodes, 1856, p. 60, fig. xLrx. Murena minor SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1846, p. 269, pl. oxy, fig. 2, Nagasaki. Priodonophis minor BLEEKER, Verh. Bat. Gen., X XVI, p. 125.—Kner, Noyara Fische, p. 382. Head 2+ in trunk; 74 in total length; head and trunk a little shorter than tail; snout short, blunt, 8 in head; nasal tube very short, about half eye, which is 14 in snout; mouth closing completely; cleft of mouth 34 in head; teeth one-rowed, their points turned backward, the edges of some slightly serrated, about 14 on each side of mandible; a large depressible canine on vomer; the other teeth all or nearly all fixed; gill opening scarcely as large as eye, the dorsal beginning well before it; dorsal rather high. Yellowish or whitish brown, with 15 to 22 dark cross bands made up of different brown spots, these mostly turning into black on the belly, where they are very distinct; they are also more distinct on the dorsal fin; upper parts everywhere on bands and between them closely covered with dark-brown spots of different sizes; lower jaw with cross bands of spots. There is considerable variation in the ground color and in the clearness of the bands and spots. The bands are very dis- tinct on the ventral line. In life the pale markings have a pinkish shade. Of this small moray, we have five specimens, the largest 223 inches long, from Wakanoura, and one from Misaki. It can be confounded with no other species in Japanese waters, as no other has dark bands distinct on the belly. (Reticularis, netted.) 27. AZMASIA Jordan and Snyder, new genus. Amasia JORDAN and SnypkErR, new genus (lichenosa). This genus differs from Gymnothorax in the large mouth and very numerous depressible fang-like canines, there being about 30 of these in all on jaws and vomer. Teeth in both jaws biserial, mouth not closing completely. Doubtless some of the species hitherto referred to Gymnothorax belong to this genus, but none of them known to us have such an array of bristling teeth as the type of A%masia. (aipaoci, a hedge, from the bristling teeth.) 47. ZEMASIA LICHENOSA Jordan and Snyder, new species. Head 2} in trunk, 7 in total length; head and trunk a little shorter than tail; body robust, the depth about half head; mouth very large, the jaws not closing completely; cleft of mouth 2} in head; teeth very sharp, mostly set vertically, the long slender canines in inner series of both jaws and on yomer depressible; teeth on both jaws and vomer biserial, the teeth on vomer largest; about 18 large teeth on each side of lower jaw; about 30 depressible canines in all within the mouth; 884 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. nasal tubes much shorter than eye; snout sharp, 43 in head; eye 24 in snout, nearer to angle of mouth than to its tip; gill opening about as large as eye, dorsal beginning somewhat before it. Color very dark brown, almost black, everywhere blotched with light gray, like spots of lichen; three rows of larger spots on each side, besides many smaller ones, all very irregular in form; smaller spots of similar character on head; spots of body larger toward head; on belly the ground color is reduced to irregular reticulations; dorsal and anal fins colored like the body without light or dark edgings; no black at angle of mouth or around gill opening. This species is strongly distinguished by its dentition, there being about 20 large Fic. 20.—/EMASIA LICHENOSA. depressible teeth or fangs in its mouth. The absence of pale edge to the anal separates it at sight from Gymnothorax kidako, which it resembles in color, although its pale markings take the form of lichen- like blotches rather than irregular crossbars. Of this interesting species two specimens, each about 22 inches long, were obtained, the one at Wakanoura, the other at Misaki. On the specimen from Wakanoura, the pale spots are smaller and less conspicuous than on the other. Type No. 6480, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum. Local- ity, Wakanoura. (Lichenosus, covered with lichens.) 23; SLROPALDOWN Mie Clelland Strophidon MCCLELLAND, Calcutta Journ. Nat. Hist., V, 1844, p. 187 (longicaudata= sathete). Pseudechidna BuEeKer, Atlas Iechth., Murzen., 1864, p. 109, pl. vim (no deserip- tion; changed to Strophidon in text). This genus contains morays distinguished by the extreme length and slenderness of the body and the great number of the fin rays (D. 628, A. 355 in S. brummer/). The species of Gymnothorax have D. 250 to 400, A. 150 to 280. The tail is not twice as long as rest of body. The snout is small, and the dorsal begins well forward of the gill opening on the head. Species few. (orpodn, twist: odous, tooth. ) yo.1s8. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 885 48. STROPHIDON BRUMMERI Bleeker. Murena brummeri BLEEKER, Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind., XVII, p. 137, Timor. Strophidon or Pseudechidna brummert Burexer, Atlas Ichth., Mureen., p. 109, pl. xvi, fig. 1, Timor, Ceram. Murena brummeri GtntHer, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 128, Timor. Body and tail very slender, the head 53 in trunk, the tail one-third longer than rest of body. Cleft of mouth 34 in head; teeth in single rows; mouth closing completely. Dorsal rather high, inserted at end of second third of length of head, more than half as high as body. Uniform rather light brown; the head with numerous dark dots, especially on the jaws; the fins with white margin. East Indies, here described from a specimen 23% inches long, taken by Capt. Alan Owston, at low tide, at Yaeyama, Ishigaki Islands, Southern Riukiu. (A personal name.) 29, ECHIDNA Foster. Echidna Foster, Enchiridion, 1778, p. 31 (variegata). Gymnomurend LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 1803, p. 648 (doliata). Gymnopsis Rarinesque, Analyse de la Natur, 1815, p. 93 (doliata). Megadera RaFINESQUE, Analyse de la Natur, 1815, p. 93 (variegata). Molarii Ricuarpson, Voy. Erebus and Terror, 1846, p. 79 (ophis=nebulosa). Pecilophis Kaur, Apodes, 1856, p. 98 (catenatus). This genus is distinguished from Gymnothorax by its blunt: teeth. The Patna is small and the body little elongate. The name Echidna was applied to this group of morays long before its use by Cuvier for a genus of Australian Monotremes. (gydra, eyis, viper.) 49. ECHIDNA KISHINOUYEI Jordan and Snyder, new species. Head 34 in trunk; head and trunk 14 in tail; body rather deep, the depth 19 in length; cleft of mouth 25 in head; teeth above in one Fig. 21.—ECHIDNA KISHINOUYEI. series in front, in two or three series behind; the posterior teeth smaller and blunt; lower teeth mostly uniserial; mouth closing com- pletely; eye small; snout short, blunt, about 7 in head; dorsal high, 886 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXII, beginning well before gill opening at end of second third of head; lower jaw with a few large pores. Light brown, everywhere closely marbled with dark brown, above and below, the dark streaks confluent; head largely dark brown; gill opening a little darker. One specimen 124 inches long, Type No. 6481, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, taken at Okinawa, in the northern Riu Kiu by Yonekichi Komeyama. The species is nearer Echidna delicatula Kaup, but both trunk and tail are proportionately longer. The dorsal in £2. amblyodon is inserted farther back. . It is named for Professor Kishinouye, of the Imperial Fisheries Bureau, in recognition of his deep interest in the fish fauna of Japan. 30. UROPTERYGIUS Ruppell. Ichthyophis Lesson, Voyage de la Coquille, II, 1830, p. 120 (pantherinus=marmora- tus; not of Fitzinger, 1829, a genus of Reptiles). Uropterygius R&épPELL, Neue Wirbelthiere, Fische, 1838, p. 83 (concolor). Gymnomurexna GENTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 133 (not of Lacépéde, which is Echidna). Scutica JORDAN and EverMANN, Fish N. M. America, I., 1896, p. 403 (necturus). This genus contains those morays which have the fins altogether wanting or developed only at the tip of the tail; the teeth are-small, pointed, subequal, the mouth of moderate size, and the anterior nos- trils only provided with a tube. The typical species have the tail about as long as the rest of the body, but the single Japanese species agrees with the related genus Channomurena in the extreme short- ness of the tail. The typical species have tubes on the anterior nos- trils only. These, by some error, were indicated by Jordan and Ever- mann as forming a distinct subgenus, Scutica, but Scutica is an exact synonym of Uropterygius. The species having tubes on the posterior nostrils should have been set apart from the others. For this group, the type being /chthyophis tigrinus Lesson, we may suggest the new generic name, Scuticaria. Murenoblenna, used for this group by Kaup, is not available, as its orignal type was a yxine. (ovpa, tail; atepvy ov, a little fin.) 50. UROPTERYGIUS OKINAW £4: Jordan and Snyder, new species. Head 8} in trunk, 134 in total length; depth 2 in head; tail very short, 24/5 in rest of body; snout very blunt, not depressed, 6 in head; cleft of mouth 24 in head; lower jaw slightly projecting; eye very small, 3 in snout; anterior nostrils with a slight tube, shorter than eye; posterior nostril with a low rim, placed over front of eye; mouth clos- ing completely; teeth numerous, sharp, in two rows in each jaw, and on vomer; canines of vomer and of inner series of jaws depressible; about 20 teeth on each side of mandible; no conspicuous pores on head, | No.1. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 887 except 2 or 3 on anterior part of edge of upper jaw; no trace of fins except a very slight fold on top of tail. Color uniform cinnamon brown above and below; a darker shade about gill opening. One specimen in excellent condition, No. 6482, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, from Okinawa, in the northern Riu Kiu, Fic, 22.——UROPTERYGIUS OKINAW. collected by Yonekichi Komeyama, of Tokyo. It is distinguished from other species of the genus by the very long body and very short tail. From other Japanese morays, the absence of fins on the back at once separates it. RECAPITULATION. Order SYMBRANCHIA. Family I. Monoprerip®. 1. Monopterus Lacépéde. 1. albus (Zuiew). Okinawa, Amami-Oshema. Order APODES. Suborder ENCHELYCEPHALIT. Family II. ANGUILLID#. 2. Anguilla Shaw. 2. japonica Schlegel. Hakodate, Aomori, Same, Matsushima, Sendai, Tokyo, Misaki, Wakanoura, Omura Bay, Kurume, Nagasaki. Family III. SyNapnospraNncHiIps. 3. Synaphobranchus Johnson. 3. afinis (Gunther). Totomi Bay, Tokyo, Misaki. 4. iraconis Jordan and Snyder. Myiako. 5. jenkinsi Jordan and Snyder. Enoshima. 4. Histiobranchus Gill. 6. bathybius (Gunther). Not taken by us. 888 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. 9 10. aie 12. 14. Family IV. LeprocerHaLip®. . Leptocephalus Scopoli. 7. myriaster (Brevoort). Hakodate, Mororan, Matsushima, Same, Tokyo, Misaki, Hakata, Hiroshima, Wakanoura, Kobe, Onomichi, Nagasaki. 8. erebennus Jordan and Snyder. Misaki, Wakanoura. 9. kiusivanus Jordan and Snyder. Hakata. 10. japonicus Bleeker. -Not seen. (a) heterognathus Bleeker. Not seen. 11. rivkiuanus Jordan and Snyder. Yaeyama, Ishigaki Islands. 12. nystromi Jordan and Snyder. Nagasaki. 13. retrotinctus Jordan and Snyder. Tokyo. : Congrellus Ogilby. l4. megastomus (Ginther). Misaki, Totomi. 15. anago (Schlegel). Tokyo, Misaki, Kobe, Wakanoura, Nagasaki. Family V. MurNEsocip&. . Murenesox McClelland. 16. cinereus (Forskal). Tokyo, Misaki, Tsuruga, Wakanoura, Onomichi, Hiro- shima, Nagasaki. Oxyconger Bleeker. 17. leptognathus Bleeker. Awa. Family VI. Nerrasromip2. 9. Nettastoma Rafinesque. 18. parviceps Gunther. Not seen by us. Chlopsis Rafinesque. 19. fierasfer Jordan and Snyder. Wakanoura. Family VII. Myrip. Myrus Kaup. 20. uropterus (Schlegel). Not seen by us. Murenichthys Bleeker. 21. owstoni Jordan and Snyder. Yaeyama, Riukiu. 22. hatte Jordan and Snyder. Wakanoura. 23. aoki Jordan and Snyder. Misaki. Family VIII. Opnicnurayip». . Sphagebranchus Bloch. 24. moseri Jordan and Snyder. Suruga Bay. Callechelys Kaup. 25. melanotenia Bleeker. Yaeyama. 5. Leiuranus Bleeker. 26. semicinctus (Lay and Bennett). Yaeyama. hhh ld A i a Ulich cat fatal No. 1239. APODAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. Family Vill. Opnicnrayimx*«—Continued. JUG Dili. Chlevastes Jordan and Snyder. 27. colubrinus (Boddaert). Yaeyama. Pisoodonophis Kaup. 28. zophistius Jordan and Snyder. Misaki. Nyrias Jordan and Snyder. 29. revulsus Jordan and Snyder. Misaki. Microdonophis Waup. 30. erabo Jordan and Snyder. Misaki, Awa, Okinawa. Ophichthus Ahl. 9 31. cephalozona Bleeker. Not seen. 29 32. urolophus (Schlegel). Not seen. 33. asakuse Jordan and Snyder. Misaki. 9 34. tsuchide Jordan and Snyder. Misaki. 35. stenopterus Cope. Not seen. Mystriophis Kaup. 36. porphyreus (Schlegel). Wakanoura, Brachysomophis Kaup. 37. crocodolinus (Bennett). Not seen. Oxystomus Rafinesque. 38. macrorhynchus Bleeker. Misaki, Onasagawa, Tokyo. Family IX. Morineuip». Aphthalmichthys Kaup. 39. abbreviatus Bleeker. Yaeyama. 40. javanicus Kaup. Not seen. Suborder COLOCEPHALI. Family X. Muranipe. Murena Linneus. 41. pardalis Schlegel. Wakanoura. Gymnothorax Bloch. 42. albimarginatus (Schlegel). Not seen. 43. kidako (Schlegel). Tokyo; Misaki, Wakanoura. 44. mieroszewskii (Steindachner). Not seen. 45. reevesi (Richardson). Not seen. 46. reticularis Bloch. Wakanoura; Misaki. 890 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. Family X. Mura x1px—Continued. 27. A’masia Jordan and Snyder. 47. lichenosa Jordan and Snyder. 28. Strophidon McClelland. 48. brummeri Bleeker. Yaeyama. 29. Echidna Forster. 49. kishinouyei Jordan and Snyder. 30. Uropterygius Ruppell. Wakanoura; Misaki. Okinawa. 50. okinawe Jordan and Snyder. Okinawa. “a VOL. XXIII. A REVIEW OF THE CARDINAL FISHES OF JAPAN. By Davin Starr JORDAN and JOHN OTTERBEIN SNYDER, Of the Leland Stanford Junior University. In the present paper the species of Apogonide known from the waters of Japan are brought under consideration. It is based on col- lections obtained by the authors in 1900 for Leland Stanford Junior University, as well as upon a study of the Japanese fishes belonging to the United States National Museum. A series of duplicates of the fishes collected by the authors has been placed in the United States National Museum. Family APOGONIDE. CARDINAL FISHES. Body oblong or elongate, sometimes compressed and elevated, covered with rather large scales, which are striated and ctenoid, or sometimes eycloid; cheeks scaly; lateral line continuous; cleft of mouth wide, oblique; villiform teeth on jaws and vomer, and sometimes on palatines; canines sometimes present (teeth wanting in Brephostoma); preopercle with a single or double ridge, its edges entire or serrated; opercular spine little developed; lower pharyngeals separate, with sharp teeth; pseudo-branchiz present; branchiostegals 6 or 7. Dorsal fins well separated, the first with 6 to 9 rather strong spines; no dorsal sheath or furrow; anal fin short, with 2 or 3 spines; ventral fins thoracic, I, 5, without axillary scale. Gill-rakers slender; gill membranes separate, free from the isthmus. . Small fishes of the Tropics, especially abun- dant in the East Indies, some of them in fresh waters, most of them in rather deep waters. In Japan, notwithstanding their small size, they have great importance in the markets as food-fishes. a. Vent posterior, not far from front of anal fin. b. Apogonine. Anal spines 2; body oblong; teeth present, in jaws at least; preo- percle with a double ridge. c. Canine teeth none, the teeth all villiform; lateral line normal; palatines with teeth. d. Scales large, 20 to 30 in lateral line. e. Preopercle with its margins entire; dorsal spines 7; anal with 8 to 12 soft RAV Ge Mortals tae ear a eel eS a Me eens ee okie Mina eeu Apogonichthys. 1. PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. XXIII—No. 1240. 89 892 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXNI, . ee. Preopercle with its margins both serrate, at least in the young. jf. Anal with 8 to 10 soft rays; first dorsal with 6 or 7 spines. ---- Apogon. 2. jf. Anal with 13 to 17 soft rays; first dorsal with 6 spines... Archamia. 3. cc, Canine teeth present; scales large; anal with 7 to 9 soft rays. g. Dorsal spines 6; preopercle serrate .-....-.-..---------- Paramia. 4. gg. Dorsal spines 8 or 9; preopercle with no bony serrations. h. Jaws with a few canines and a band of villiform teeth; scales large (about 36))) 20260. = cece Saeco eee Melanostoma. 5. hh. Jaws with many canines and no vyilliform teeth; scales small (ahoutib2)) Sos. aes eee = oe earn Telescopias. 6. bb. Scombropine. Anal spines 3 or 4; body elongate; mouth large; soft dorsal and anal long of 12 to 13 soft rays; dorsal spines 8; scales small; preopercle with aisingleridees. 5527 ees SOE es ee ee eee Scombrops. 7. aa. Acropomine. Vent anterior, nearer root of ventrals than origin of anal; opercu- lum produced ina long, denticulated point; preopercle entire; jaws with small canines; palatines with teeth; scales moderate; lower jaw longest. D. VII-I, OK oA LTT, CASS Se eae Se oe ine yet ee ae es Nn Acropoma. 8. 1; APOGONICH TH YS) Bleeker: Apogonichthys BLEEKER, Floris, 1854, p. 321 (perdix). This genus differs from Apogon only in having the preopercle entire at all ages; scales very large (20 to 26) and cycloid. Dorsal spines 7 in typical species, the soft dorsal and anal with 9 to 12 rays. Small species, similar in habit to those of Apogon, found in the tropical seas. ’ Pye > . , . . . (Apogon; ixéus, fish; a, without; wwyav, beard, being thus distin- guished from the bearded mullet, d/i/lus barbatus.) a. Soft dorsal with a large black ocellus at the base of its last 4 rays; anal black edeed ie sas ao ee Sh A A ee ee ee ee carinatus. 1. aa. Soft dorsal edged with black, but without black ocellus at base; anal pale. glaga. 2. 1. APOGONICHTHYS CARINATUS (Cuvier and Valenciennes). iCHIMOCHI. Apogon carinatus Cuvier and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat., Poiss., II, 1828, p. 157, Japan, Coll. Langsdorff.—ScHireceL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1846, p. 3, Nagasaki.—Nystrom, Handl. Svensk. Vet. Akad., 1887, p. 8, Nagasaki. Apogonichthys carinatus BLEEKER, Floris, 1854., p. 321; Verh. Bat. Genootsch.., XXVI,p. 56, pl. 1, fig. 3.—GtnrueEr, Cat. Fish., I, 1870, p. 247, after Bleeker. Head 24 in length; depth 23; depth of caudal peduncle 2 in head; eye 34; interorbital space 34; snout 44; maxillary 14; D. VII-I, 9; A. II, 8; scales in lateral series 25; in transverse series 9. Body rather robust; the head large. Interorbital space somewhat convex. Snout about equal to diameter of eye. Mouth large; very oblique; lower jaw slightly projecting; maxillary extending beyond pupil, sometimes reaching beyond posterior border of eye. Spinous dorsal low. Soft dorsal and anal high, in some specimens almost reaching base of caudal when depressed. Caudal truncate posteriorly. Dull reddish olive, the edges of the scales sometimes but not always ee wo.1240. CARDINAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 893 dusky; head dusky above on the naked rugose skin. First dorsal largely black; second dorsal with a large jet black spot at base of the last 4 rays; this in highly colored specimens surrounded by a yellowish ring. Anal with a black edge. Caudal dusky behind. Paired fins pale. Coast of Japan and southward. Our specimens are from Misaki, Wakanoura, and Nagasaki. From Misaki we have a single large Le | f 6 x er ye Sed Fic. 1.—APOGONICHTHYS CARINATUS. example, here figured, which is much darker in color than the others, each scale having a broad edging of black points. Except in color no other difference appears. Length 100 to 150 millimeters. (Carinatus, keeled, from the prominent lateral line, a character of no importance. ) 2. APOGONICHTHYS GLAGA (Bleeker). Apogon glaga Bureker, Verh. Bat. Gen., XXII, Percoiden, p. 29.—Day, Fishes India, p. 62, pl. xvi, fig. 10. Apogonichthys glaga Burexer, Verh. Bat. Gen. XXVI, Ichth. Japan, p. 57.— Ginruer, Cat. Fish., I, p. 247: Amia glaga Burexer, Atlas Ichth. Percoid., 1876, p. 100, pl. xxx, fig. 1, Singapore, Bangka, Java. Head 24 in length; depth 22; eye 4 in head; D. VII-I, 9 or 10; zAG II, Sor 9. Scales 25. Body rather deep, the back elevated; maxil- lary extending a little beyond eye; dorsal spines short and slender; caudal truncate. Color olivaceous, reddish below; sides with small blue spots arranged in lines along the rows of scales; no caudal spot; first dorsal dull orange; second, black at tip with small pale spots on the membranes; no black ocellus; caudal black at tip; pectorals, anal, and ventrals light yellow. 894 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. East Indies, said by Bleeker to range northward to Japan.’ It is likely that faded specimens of A. cariénatus have been mistaken for it. It may be easily recognized by the absence of dorsal ocellus and of serre on the preopercle. (Glaga, the Malay name.) 2. APOGON Lacépéde. Amia Groxnow, Zoophyl., 1763, p. 80 (moluccensis; nonbinomial).—Grit, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, p. 237 (imberbis; scales 20 to 28). Apogon LAcCEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., III, 1802, p. 411 (ruber=imberbis). Ostorhinchus LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., [V, 1802, p. 165 (fleuriew). Monoprion Pory, Memorias, II, 1860, p. 123 (maculatus). ? Lepidamia Grux, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 81 (kalosoma; scales 33 to 38). Mionurus Krerrr, Proc. Zool. Soe. Lond., 1867, p. 942 (Junatus) Body oblong, compressed, covered with large, ctenoid scales. Lat- eral line continuous, with 20 to 30 scales. Head large; mouth wide, oblique, the maxillary extending to below middle of the large eye; villiform teeth on jaws, vomer, and palatines; no canine teeth; pre- opercle with a double ridge, the edge somewhat serrate, at least in the young, becoming entire with age in some species; opercle with a spine behind. Gill rakers rather long. Dorsal spines 6 or 7, strong; second dorsal remote, short; anal with 2 spines and 8 or 9 soft rays, the second much the longer, the soft part similar to the soft dorsal; — pectorals and ventrals moderate; caudal concave or convex; vertebra 11+14=25. Warm seas; the species numerous. The species are much alike in form, but differ greatly in markings, the ground color being usually bright red or reddish silvery. The principal groups differ in number of dorsal spines and in the form of the caudal. Most of the Pacific species belong to the subgenus Ostorhinchus; all of the Atlantic to the typical subgenus Apogon. re eee ee ee te ae I. Ostorhinchus. First dorsal with seven spines. a. Caudal fin rounded or subtruneate, its base without distinct round black spot; sides without black lateral stripe. }. Side without narrow vertical brown bars. c. Fins blackish or with black markings. d. Top of head dusky, without conspicuous black dots; preopercle without black line; body deep; scales firm; fins blackish; caudal and pectoral yellowishi: -2.2 42354644902 e sos ee eee niger. 3. dd. Top of head sprinkled with very distinct black dots; a black line along inner margin of preopercle; spinous dorsal black at tip; soft dorsal wath)two! blackwbands¢= 2.55 se — =a ee ee marginatus. 4, cc. Fins all pale; body without black markings. -........-......- unicolor. 5. bb. Side with 8 to 12 narrow brownish vertical. crossbars, the ground color silvery; dorsals and caudal obscurely dark edged; scales thin - -lineatus. 6. aa, Caudal fin lunate or forked; dark stripes, if present, horizontal; base of caudal with a very distinct round black spot; snout pointed. e. Sides of body with 8 to 7 stripes extending from head to tail. ‘1? Amia glaga dont je posside aussi des individus provenant du Japon (Bleeker). "no.1240. CARDINAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 895 /. Distinct stripes on side, at least 4 in number, the upper and lower of the four converging over and behind the caudal spot; top of beadowith 2 OF MOreSiTIPes =] nooo. U5. oaee-- --=. 2 SCREGEli a T. Jf. Distinct stripes on sides, 3 in number, the upper and lower not converging behind caudal spot; dark stripes plain on the cheeks. deederleini. 8. ee. Sides of body without stripes except anteriorly or along back. g. Stripe on head above eye extending backward to front of soft dor- sal, widening a little at the nape; a median stripe above it to the dorsal; another below, across eye and opercle. . --semilineatus. 9. gg. Stripe on head above eye, not reaching nape; a jet black nuchal spot; a stripe from snout across eye to opercle; body unmarked Savcelormbtme cand alispobtectre a= asce— 2 nes ee ee ee notatus. 10. Il. Apogon. First dorsal with 6 spines; caudal lunate. h. Side with a broad jet black stripe from snout through eye to base of caudal; a narrower stripe above it; dorsal and anal each with a dark streak near base; body rather elongate; general Go lore ese eye nye Ors rrret ie yes tae ane ED ee kiensis. 11. 3. APOGON NIGER Déderlein. Apogon nigripinnis SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, 1846, p. 3, Nagasaki, not of Cuvier and Valenciennes.—STEINDACHNER, Fische Japans, II, 1883, p. 1, Shikoku, as Apogon niger Doderlein MS. Head 24 in length; depth 23; depth of caudal peduncle 24 in head; eye 33; interorbital space 32; snout 34; maxillary 2; D. VII-I, 9; A. II, 8: scales in lateral series 25; in transverse series 9. Fic. 2.—APOGON NIGER. Boay very aeep; compressed; its outlines regular. Interorbital space convex: rim of orbit not projecting above contour of head; diameter of eye equal to length of snout. Mouth very oblique; max- illary extending to a vertical between pupil and posterior edge of 896 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII. orbit; jaws subequal, the lower slightly projecting. Edge of preop- ercle finely serrated. Scales comparatively firm and rough. Dorsal spines rather strong, the third longest. Soft dorsal and anal reaching equally far posteriorly when depressed, falling considerably short of base of caudal. Caudal subtruncate or slightly rounded. Ventrals reaching anal opening. Color in life soiled brown, the sides with a greenish luster; no red anywhere. Fins dull gray, washed toward the edges with inky black; pectoral and caudal dirty yellowish; ventrals and anal most nearly black. Length about 80 or 90 millimeters. Shores of Kiusiu and Shikoku, in southern Japan; very common in sandy bays. Known to us from about 50 specimens taken from the harbor of Nagasaki and the neighboring bay of Mogi. The species is identified by Schlegel and by Steindachner with Apo- gon nigripinnis, Cuvier and Valenciennes, from Pondicherry, but the accounts given by Day of Cuvier’s type show that this is a different fish, with dark vertical bands and a black edge to the caudal. (Niger, black.) 4. APOGON MARGINATUS Déoéderlein. Apogon ellioti StEINDACHNER, Fische Japans, II, 1883, p. 2, Kagoshima; Kochi in Shikoku (as Apogon marginatus Doderlein MS. ). Apogon sp. IsH1KAWA, Prel. Cat. 1897, p. 55, Tosa in Shikoku. Head 23 in length; depth 31; depth of caudal peduncle 2+ in head; eye 32; interorbital space 32; snout 44; maxillary 2; D. VII-I, 9; A. II, 8; scales in lateral series 25; in transverse series 7. Body elongate, the back scarcely at all elevated; the head broad, blunt, and rounded. Interorbital space convex; upper margin of eye not projecting above dorsal contour of head; diameter of eye greater than length of snout. Mouth very oblique; maxillary extending to a vertical passing between pupil and posterior edge of orbit. Teeth on vomer, palatines and jaws villiform. Serrations of preopercle weak. Scales thin, and easily displaced. First dorsal spine very small. Anal fin, when depressed, reaching farther posteriorly than does the soft dorsal, neither reaching base of caudal. Caudal subtruncate. Color, gray: sides silvery, doubtless flushed with red in life; very faint traces of four or five dark cross shades; no caudal spots; no dis- tinct lines or bars; top of head closely sprinkled with black ink-like dots; lower jaw also dotted; spinous dorsal with the upper half jet black; soft dorsal with a marginal and a median black band; anal with a black median band; caudal dusky, with a median and a terminal shade made up of dark points; similar dots on pectorals and ventrals; inner marginof preopercie marked by a line of dark dots; similar dots on sides of head and on breast. Length, about 90 millimeters. no.1240. CARDINAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 897 Coasts of southern Japan; said to be common in Kagoshima and Kochi, our single specimen from Wakanoura. This species is close to Apogon cllioti Day, from India, a species with which it is identified by Dr. Steindachner. But A. elloté, in addition to the markings in A. marginatus, has a grayish lateral band ending in a dusky spot at Fic. 3.—APOGON MARGINATUS, base of caudal. Apogon urafure Giinther, from the Arafura Sea, near Borneo, is equally closely related, but lacks the black-dotted edge of the preoperele; the soft dorsal, anal, and caudal are not colored in the same way. (Marginatus, edged.) 5. APOGON UNICOLOR Déderlein. (Plate XLII. ) Apogon bifasciatus SreINDACHNER Fische Japans, I, 1883, p. 2, Shikoku, Kagoshima. (Coll. Déderlein as ‘‘Apogon unicolor, n.s.”’ ). Apogon unicolor JORDAN and Snyper, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 749, pl. xxxu, Yokohama. Head 2% in length; depth 2%: depth of caudal pedunele 63; diam- eter of eye 3} In head; snout 33; maxillary 14; D. Vet! 9 AS Bees. P. 13; scales in lateral line 29; between lateral line and insertion of spinous dorsal 2; between lateral line and anal 13. Depth of body a little less than length of head; the caudal peduncle long and comparatively slender, narrowest near the middle. Inter- orbital space convex. Snout bluntly pointed. Eye large, the diameter greater than length of snout. Mouth oblique; jaws equal; maxillary reaching almost to posterior edge of orbit; its upper edge covered for nearly the entire length by the sub- orbital. Teeth villiform, in bands on jaws, palatines, and vomer; the toothed area of the palatines very small. Gill-rakers on first arch 57 Proc. N. M. vol. xxill 898 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXMI, 5+13; those near the center of the arch very slender: near the ends they are reduced to minute knobs. Opercles and preopercles with large, finely ctenoid scales: other parts of head naked, the skin thin und transparent: opercle with a sinall sharp spine on its posterior edge. Body with large ctenoid scales; those on posterior end of caudal peduncle small, encroaching on base of caudal fin. Lateral line complete, similar in shape to con- tour of back. Second spine of dorsal small: little longer than the sixth: the third strongest and highest; the others successively shorter and weaker; the fin when depressed reaching just past insertion of second dorsal. Spine of soft dorsal slender and straight; equal in height to vertical diameter of eye: the rays about 13 times as long as the spine. Anal inserted below middle of second dorsal: the first spine minute; the second as long as the spine of soft dorsal: the depressed rays reaching posteriorly about as far as those of the dorsal, both falling short of the base of the caudal. The shape of the caudal can not be definitely determined. It may have been subtruncate posteriorly, at least not deeply forked. Pectorals reaching as far back as insertion of anal, Ventrals extending to a point midway between vent and insertion of anal, Color in spirits, uniform light yellowish brown, except a subdued, dusky dash across the distal] end of pectoral and an indistinct spot of same color on the opercle near the base of pectoral. Coasts of Japan, from Tokyo to Kiusiu. Known to us from one specimen 75 millimeters long, found in the market of Yokohama by Pierre Louis Jouy. The species has been identified by Steindachner with Apogon bifasciatus Riippell from the Red Sea, but it shows no trace of the dark cross-bands character- istic of that species, (Unicolor. one color.) 6. APOGON LINEATUS Schlegel. TENJIKUDAI (INDIAN PERCH). A pogon lineatus SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1846, p. 3, Nagasaki.—B.eeker, Verhand. Bat. Gen., sow Vo of, ple.t, fig: 1.—GinTHER, Cat. Bisheok 1859, p. 239, copied.—SremnpacuNner and DépERLEIN, Fische Japans, IT, 1883, p. 4, Tokyo, Maizuru in Tago, Kanagawa (near Yokohama), Chefu in China.—Isnixkawa, Prel. Cat., 1897, -p, 55, Tokyo, Kishin.—Jorpay and SNYDER, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1900, p- 3538, Yokohama. Head 23 to 24 in length; depth 23: depth of caudal peduncle 24 in head: eye 3; interorbital space 33; snout 5: maxillary 2; D. VI-I, 9; A. II, 8; scales in lateral series 25; in transverse series 9. Body rather stout: anteriorly blunt; the back elevated. Eyes large, their upper edges projecting slightly above the dorsal contour of head. no.1240. CARDINAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JO IRDAN AND SNYDER. 899 Interorbital space broad, flat, with a median elevation. Snout shorter than the diameter of eye. Lower jaw projecting; maxillary extending to a point about midway between pupil and edge of orbit. Teeth villiform on jaws, vomer, and palatines; no canines. Gill-rakers 6+13; those on middle of arch very long and slender. Posterior edge of opercle with large serrations near the angle. Fins moderate; caudal subtruneate. Scales rather thin and loose. Color grayish; sometimes slightly bluish, with pink; sides silvery; top of head and jaws dusky, with dark dots; body with 8 to 12 narrow, faint, irregular dark brownish eross-streaks; much narrower than the interspaces, and sometimes alternately narrow and broad. Spinous dorsal dark-edged; second dorsal with a dark median band and a dark Fic. 4.—APOGON LINEATUS. edge; caudal dusky at base, with a more or less distinct dark edge; ventrals and pectorals yellowish, more or less dotted with black; anal pale yellow; no spot on caudal. Length 60 to 90 millimeters. Coasts of Japan, from Tokyo southward, everywhere common in sandy bays, and becoming from its abundance a food fish of importance. It is usually known as Tenjikudai. Our specimens are from Tokyo, Yokohama. Misaki, Owari, Enoshima, Wakanoura, Kobe, Onomichi, Miyajima, Hiroshima, Tsuruga, Kawatana, Hakata, and Nagasaki. The only variations of importance are in degree of color, some hay- ing the paired fins pale and the lateral bands faint. The length of head, size of eye, depth of body, and caudal peduncle are subject to slight variation. (Lineatus, lined.) 900 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL M USEUM. VOL. XXIII. 7. APOGON SCHLEGELI Bleeker. Apogon novemfasciatus SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1846, p. 2, pl. 1, fig. 2) Nagasaki (not of Cuvier and Valenciennes). : Apogon schlegeli Bureker, Verhand. Batay. Genor ts., NX WI, p. 55, after Schlegel. Head 2 in length; depth 23; depth of caudal peduncle 2} in head; eye 3; interorbital space 42; snout 44; maxillary 2; D. VII-I, 9: A. II, 8; scales in lateral series 25; in transverse series 9. Body rather elongate: the back little elevated; the head rather pointed. Eye large; the diameter much greater than length of snout; interorbital space convex; dorsal rim of orbit not projecting above contour of head. Jaws equal; inaxillary extending to a vertical through posterior edge of pupil. Serrations of preopercle rather weak. Fins high; third spine of dorsal large and strong; when depressed the third, fourth, and fifth spines reach past the insertion of soft dorsal. Anal i W. WAR AAD Liked aaa . . ») ep yp. Sah a! = eR RNR NS) SIO LU Py = fee = —— | Whe 0 nN RAK OOK) Wy) = Fig. 5.—APOGON SCHLEGELI. fin when depressed reaching farther posteriorly than does the soft dorsal, both falling far short of base of caudal. Caudal well forked. Ventrals reaching a little beyond anal opening. Scales large and thin. Color in life dirty gray, washed with pink; top of head reddish; about six longitudinal stripes, the upper olive, the lower brassy yellow; anteriorly more or less red: stripes on top of head brick red; a large black caudal spot; fins all carmine. About eight dark stripes on top of head between eyes; a distinct stripe from eye to caudal spot; another above this from snout, across upper part of eye, fading out before reaching caudal spot; another above this, just above lateral line from at nb eS ES nape to caudal, bent downward on reaching base of caudal fin; another - below the first one from anal to base of caudal, this one bent wpward as the other is downward, so as to form back yard converging lines above and below caudal spot; traces of another band on eye across cheek and side of belly to anal: still another more or less distinct on no.1240. CARDINAL FISHES OF JA PAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 901 side of back, and often still another at base of dorsal, making seven on each side, four distinct, three faint; fins all pale, a few dark dots on caudal and dorsals;* traces of a faint dusky cross-line on base of second dorsal. Length about 100 millimeters. Coast of southern Japan, here described from four examples from Nagasaki. It is doubtless Schlegel’s Apogon novem fasciatus (not of Cuvier and Valenciennes), based on a drawing by Birger, though the drawing is not very correct. This is the basis of Bleeker’s Apogon schlegli. Later Bleeker has identified this species with his Apogon ondeckataenia from the East Indies. But A. endekataenia \acks the converging lines around the caudal spot; the eye is much smaller and the body more slender. We think A. schlegeld a valid species. It is probably not very abundant. (Named for Prof. H. Schlegel, of Leyden, the distinguished author, jointly with Prof. C. J. Temminck, of the Fauna Japonica.) 8. APOGON DGEDERLEINI Jordan and Snyder, new species. Head 24 in length: depth 25; depth of caudal peduncle 23 in head; eye 3; interorbital space 3: snout 4; maxillary 2; D. VIU-I, 9; A. I, 8; scales in lateral series 25: in transverse series 9. Fic. 6.—APOGON DCDERLEINI. Body robust: somewhat elongate; the caudal peduncle very long, slender: the back little elevated and evenly curved. Head rather pointed. Eye very large, its diameter much greater than the length of snout. Interorbital space flat, with a slight median elevation; upper rim of orbit not projecting above contour of head. Mouth large, moderately oblique; jaws equal, maxillary extending to a ver- tical passing a little before posterior edge of pupil. Teeth villiiform on jaws, vomer, and palatines. Gill-rakers on first arch 5+13, slender, 902 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, the length of the longest much less than diameter of pupil. Posterior edge of opercle finely serrated for the greater part of its length, Scales large and thin. Fins high. First dorsal spine minute, the third high and strong; the fourth of about equal height, though more slender; when depressed just reaching insertion of soft dorsal; other spines gradually shorter. Soft dorsal and anal when depressed reaching an equal distance poste- riorly, both falling far short of reaching base of caudal. Caudal deeply notched. Pectorals almost reaching a vertical through inser- tion of anal. Ventrals r saching anal opening. Color in life yellowish gray, with three distinet blackish lateral stripes; a jet-black spot on caudal peduncle; top of head with two distinct stripes only; bands distinct on sides of head: a dark spot on base of pectoral. Median late ral stripe extending from snout through eye across opercle to caudal spot; an upper one running from snout above eye to tail, not extending on caudal fin and not bent downward above caudal spot; lower stripe extending from snout across suborbital, opercle, base of pectoral, to base of caudal; not bent upward on tail and not extending on caudal fin; traces of a fourth stripe along lower part of cheek and behind pectoral; these stripes made of dark dots. Fins all pale, probably red in life: the dorsals, anal, and caudal each with a faint dusky margin; no dark bar across soft dorsal. This species is known to us from four specimens, about 100 millime- ters in length, taken at Nagasaki. It is close to Apogon schlegeli, having the same form and general characters, but the lateral bands are fewer, more distinct, especially on the head, and they do not converge about the black caudal spot. Type—No. 6513, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum. (Named for Prof. L. Déderlein, of Vienna, formerly connected with the Imperial University at Tokyo, in recognition of his assiduous work on the fishes of Japan.) Measurements of A pogon dederleini. Length in millimeters Diameter of eye Length of snout Length of maxillary | Soa eeee no 09k ae |) OL) Bab 67 Depth, expressed in hundredths of Lene Thi Seen -38 | .36 | .35 Depth of caudal DedUnele (2/2. ut ceeds an aie ~16 | 16 15 peneth of caudal peduncles s..05 0. 00) ek eae -28 | .26 | .30 Length of head.._.. re Sak Picante eae ene ot eee O90) aad ag eed thot on ts duel tO mer, wo.1240. CARDINAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 903 9g. APOGON SEMILINEATUS Schlegel. NEBUTUDAI (BOTTOM TAI OR PERCH): TENGIKUJIAKO; TENSHIBU- SHAKO (INDIAN LITTLE FISH). Apogon semilineatus SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1846, p. 4, pl. 11, fig. 3, Naga- saki.—B Lenker, Verh. Bat. Genootsch., XXVI, p. 55, pl. 1, fig. 2, GUNTHER, Cat. Fish., I, 1870, p. 240, copied. —STEINDACHNER and D6épERLEIN, Fische Japans, II, 1883, p. 2, Tokyo.—Nystrom, Handl. Svensk. Vet. Ak., 1887, p. 8, Nagasaki.—IsHrKkawa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 55, Enoura in Izu. Apogon quadrifasciatus (error for semilineatus) JoRDAN and Snyper, Proc. U. 5. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1900, p. 353, Yokohama. Head 24 in length; depth 23; depth of caudal peduncle 3 in head; eye 33; interorbital space 42; snout 32. maxillary 24; D. VII-I,9; A. II. 8: scales in lateral series 25; in transverse series 9. Body rather elongate; compressed; caudal peduncle narrow; head pointed. Eye large, the diameter a little greater than length of snout; ea ZA ae rman JO ; FIG. 7.—APOGON SEMILINEATUS. interorbital space slightly convex; upper rim of orbit not projecting above contour of head. Snout pointed; Jaws subequal, the lower slightly projecting; maxillary extending toa vertical passing just pos- terior to pupil. Scales thin, rather roughish. Dorsal spines slender and rather weak; the first minute; placed very close to base of the sec- ond; the tip of the fourth when depressed just reaching insertion of soft dorsal. Soft dorsal and anal reaching an equal distance poste- riorly when depressed, both falling far short of base of caudal. Pee- torals reaching slightly beyond insertion of anal. Ventrals reaching vent. Caudal forked. Color in life light gray, flushed with bright red; sides silvery; an inky black spot as large as pupil at base of caudal; a jet-black stripe from tip of snout through eye to gill opening; another above eye from tip of snout to opposite front of soft dorsal, this usually, but not 904 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL M USEUM. VOL. X XIII, always, interrupted a little over the eye, leaving a jet-black spot on temporal region; interspaces between these lines golden yellow in life; a black median stripe from above eye to front of spinous dorsal; tip of chin black; fins all carmine; a jet-black spot at tip of spinous dor- sal; a little black usually on upper edge of soft dorsal and on upper and lower margin of caudal; throat whitish. In wlcoholic specimens the black markings only remain. Length about 100 millimeters. Coasts of Japan from Tokyo southward very common. Our speci- mens from Tokyo, Yokohama. Yodomi, Enoshima, Misaki, and Waka- noura. It must be rare at Nagasaki, where it is mostly replaced by Apogon notatus, (Sem7, halt: lineatus, lined.) 10. APOGON NOTATUS (Houttuyn). Sparus notatus Hourrvyy, Beschryving yan eenige Japanse Visschen, Hol- landsche, Maatschappye van Weetenschappen te Harlem, XX, 1782, pp. 311-346 (Nagasaki). Apogon kiushiuanus Diderlein MS. Srermnpacuner, Fische Japans, II, 1883, p. 2. Kagoshima. Head 22 in length; depth 23: depth of caudal peduncle 22 jn head; eye 3; interorbital space 34: snout 3$; maxillary 24: D, VIL-I, 9. Body rather elongate; the dorsal and ventral contours evenly FIG. $8.—APOGON NOTATUS. rounded; caudal peduncle much narrower at base of caudal fin than anteriorly. Head pointed: snout sharp; lower jaw projecting consid- erably. Eye large, its diameter greater than length of snout; inter- orbital space somewhat convex; upper edge of orbit not projecting above contour of head. Maxillary extending to a vertical passing through posterior edge of orbit. Edge of preopercle rather strongly serrated throughout the entire length (this character Varying consid- my0.1240. CARDINAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 905 erably). Fins low. Dorsal spines weak and slender; the first minute; the third strongest, but not so high as the fourth; the fifth, when depressed, just reaching insertion of soft dorsal. Anal reaching slightly farther posteriorly than does the dorsal, both failing to reach base of caudal by a considerable distance. Caudal notched. Ventrals reaching vent. Color in life, grayish, flushed with red, and much dotted; a round jet- black spot at base of caudal; a very black band across chin, and snout to eye, where it fades, though traces of it are seen behind eye; a jet- black stripe on top of head on each side from snout, ceasing above pupil; a median stripe from top of head to first dorsal; snout other- wise mostly golden yellow; around jet-black spot on each side of nape: fins carmine; first dorsal with a broad black edge; other fins pale or slightly dotted; a golden streak across lower half of eye. In spirits the black coloring only is retained. Leneth about 100 millimeters. This species is very close to Apogon semélineatus, with which all observers save Dr, Déderlein have confounded it. It is deeper in body, and with blunter snout. The most obvious difference lies in the fact that the uppermost of the paired black stripes does not reach the black nuchal spot and is not continued behind it. The range of A. notatus is more southern. Our numerous specimens are from Nagasaki; a single one from Wakanoura. (Votatus, spotted.) 11. APOGON KIENSIS Jordan and Snyder, new species. » Head 23 in length; depth 34; depth of caudal peduncle 3 in head; eye 3; interobital space 45; snout 4%; maxillary 2; D. VI-I, 9; A. IT, 8; scales in lateral series 25; in transverse series 8. Body rather elongate; compressed; dorsal contour somewhat arched; caudal peduncle slender. Head large; snout pointed; lower jaw pro- jecting. Interorbital space flat or slightly convex; a low median ridge present; eye large; its diameter considerably greater than length of snout. Maxillary passing through a point midway between pupil and posterior border of eye. Teeth villiform; on jaws, vomer, and pala- tines. Gill-rakers on first arch 5+14; long and very slender. Serra- tions of opercle rather coarse. Scales thin; easily detached. Fins of moderate height and length. The smail first dorsal spine, present in other Japanese species of the genus, is absent in this form. Second spine of fin highest and strongest; the spines when depressed not touching insertion of soft dorsal. Anal when depressed reaching a little farther posteriorly than does the soft dorsal, both falling far short of base of caudal. Ventral fins reaching anal opening. Pecto- rals extending a little farther posteriorly. Caudal notched. Color grayish, probably red in life; a jet-black stripe from tip of 906 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XX, snout across eye and sides of body to tip of caudal; this stripe widened and most distinct on the opercle; no distinct caudal spot, the stripe unbroken; this stripe half width of eye and bordered above and below by a pale streak; a second dark stripe above it, barely a fourth as wide from snout above eye to opposite middle of soft dorsal; no spots or streaks below the broad stripe; sides of head silvery; fins pale, | except for a black cross stripe on soft dorsal and anal near the base, and the black lateral stripe continued on the caudal. The relative Fic. 9.—APOGON KIENSIS. width of the two black stripes and the distinctness of the opercular spot is subject to some variation. The extension of the lateral band — to the tip of the caudal will serve to distinguish the species from any — other in Japan. Type.—No. 6514, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum. Smallest of the Japanese Apogonidee, not exceeding 650 millimeters — in length. We have 38 specimens taken at Wakanoura, in the province of Kii, one of the richest collecting grounds for fishes yet known in any part of the world. Measurements of Apogon kiensis. beneth nmi mMeterstscsey sccm ee eee een ee oes 59 BY 56 56 BS. ety 5 Depth, expressed in hundredths of length ......-. Jo2i aU +83] .384| .335 | -32 -32 Depthiof- caudal peduncle. ss. 22 anes aoe see ee ea JAD |) DB. | st) LA es ID eae ere seen Lengthof caudal pedunele\2.2 222220 sesh 222 =e Peo) Ped S28E 2 327 .28 .28 . 30 hen eth oMhead) sata assnsoc seas eee eae eee -37 | .30 -40 | ..39 | .36 39 39 Diameter: on Cy es sise hows ee Sat ecaac pees eee 12 al za. 2125) “S12 | az . 125 Length Of sSnowtece ance 5 ose oe ceee tate ecco .8 15 8 .8d =9 8 .8 Denpth: ofmeaxillaryc. ces 558s cee eee ee tee ae SISH|e ads 219i | ASN Es | .19 .18 3. ARCHAMIA Gill. Archamia Gitu, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 81 (macropterus). This genus is distinguished from Apogon by the long anal, its rays being II, 13 to 17. Dorsal spines, 6. East Indies. (apyos, anus; Ama, an old name of Apogon.) no-1240. CARDINAL FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 907 12, ARCHAMIA KAGOSHIMANA Déderlein. Apogon (Archamia) macroptera SverNpAcHNeER, Fische Japans, II, 1883, p. 3 Kagoshima (not of Bleeker). Apogon kagoshimanus DépERLEIN MS. in Steindachner, Fische Japans, IT, 1883, p. 3. Head 24; depth a little greater; D. VI-I, 9: A. IL. 16; scales 26. Eye 3 in head. Preopercle very finely serrate: maxillary to posterior part of eye. Dorsal spines very slender, the second not quite half head. Pectoral as long as caudal, reaching sixth soft ray of anal; ventral reaching front of anal. Body reddish, strewn with violet points. No spot at base of caudal nor on scapula; fins pale. (Steindachner.) Kagoshima, island of Kiusiu, a single specimen, sent to Dr. Stein- dachner by Dr. Déderlein, not seen by us. Notwithstanding its lack of the conspicuous caudal spot characteristic of Archamia macroptera (Bleeker), of the East Indies, Dr. Steindachner does not feel warranted in separating it as a distinet species. In view of the permanence of this mark, and of the essential difference of the Japanese shore fauna, from that of the East Indies, we adopt the name suggested by Dr. Déderlein. (Name from Kagoshima, ** basket island.’’) > 4. PARAMIA Bleeker. Cheilodipterus LackpkpE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., III, 1802, p. 539 (saltatriz, macrodon, ete., restricted by Cuvier and Valenciennes, in 1828, to macrodon,; but the first species mentioned (saltatrixr), more properly the type, is a species of another group. ) Paramia BurrKrr, Revision Apogonini, 1874, p. 74 (macrodon), the name Chei- lodipterus being transferred to Pomatomus saltatrix. ) Body oblong, covered with rather large, deciduous scales; teeth on Jaws, vomer, and palatines, some of them in both Jaws strong, canine- like; operculum without spine; preopercle with a double margin, the posterior edge serrated; eye large. Dorsal fins separated, the rays VI-I, 10. Anal II, 9; caudal forked. Tropical seas. Small fishes differing from Apogon chietly in the presence of canines in the jaws. (wapa, near: Amia, a nonbinomial name applied by Gronow to Apogon.) 13. PARAMIA QUINQUELINEATA (Cuvier and Valenciennes). Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus Cuvier and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Pciss, Tas 1828, p. 167, Society Islands.—? Rtprett, Neue Wirbelthiere, Fische, p. 89, Red Sea.—Lesson, Zool. Voy. Duperr., II, p. 237.—BLEEKEr, Amboyna and Ceram, p. 252, Amboyna.—Ginruer, Cat. Fish., I, 1859, p. 248, Amboyna; Fishes of Zanzibar, p. 22.—Day, Fishes of India, p. 66.—STEINDACHNER, Fische Japans, IT, 1883, p. 4, Kagoshima. Paramia quinquelineata BLEEKER, Atlas, Percoid., I, 1876, p. 105, pl. xivin, fig. 2, Sumatra, Nias, Batu, Singapore, Bangka, Cocos, Java, Celebes, Sangir, Solor, Halmahera, Ternata, Batjan, Amboyna, Goram. ‘ 908 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, ? Apogon novemstriatus Ritpprii, Neue Wirbelthiere, p. 85, pl. xxu, fig. 1, Red Sea. ?Sparus meaco Lackpkpr, Hist. Nat. Poiss, IV, 1803, pp. 54, 160, Japan, on a manuscript of Thunberg.—Cvuvigr and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss, II, 1828, p. 161. ‘‘ Brown, with 6 white bands and a brown spot on the tail; scales large; jaws each with two canines; caudal rounded. D. IX-10. A. III, 8.”’ The canine teeth seem to locate this very doubtful description near Paramia quinquelineata rather than with Apogon schlegeli. Head 23; depth 33; D. VI-I, 9; A. II, 9. Scales 25. Eye 3 in head. Maxillary reaching to beyond middle of eye. Body with five longitudinal stripes of violet along the sides, the third one forming a spot at base of caudal; an unpaired sixth stripe along the belly from throat to vent; caudal with numerous diffuse cross-bands (Stein- dachner). Bleeker describes the black spot on the tail as ocellated with yeilow, its center brown. East Indies, a single specimen 130 millimeters long taken at Kago- shima by Dr. Déderlein and referred by Steindachner to this species; not seen by us. The identification is perhaps doubtful. (Quinque, five: lineata, lined.) 5. MELANOSTOMA Doderlein. Melanostoma DODERLEIN, Beitrage zur Kentniss Fische Japans, II, 1883, p. 5 (japonicum) . Body rather elongate, covered with rather large, cycloid, deciduous scales, about 35 in lateral line; scales of head covered with very small scales; eyes large; jaws with a band of villiform teeth and with strong canines in front; small or villiform teeth on vomer and palatines; pre- opercle with its angle produced and with soft serrations; dorsal rays TX-I, 10; anal IJ, 7. Vent normal. Coloration black. Deep waters of Japan, distinguished from Puramia chiefly by the increased number of dorsal spines. (uélas, black; @7oOua, mouth.) 14. MELANOSTOMA JAPONICUM Déderlein. Melanostoma japonicum SvTErNDACHER and D6pDERLEIN, Fische Japans, II, 1883, p- 6, off Tokyo. Head 3; depth 4; D. [X—-I, 10; A. II, 8; scales 36; eye 33 in head; snout 42. Body oblong, the back not much elevated; small scales on head covering the larger ones; base of soft fins more or less scaly; jaws equal; maxillary extending a little beyond middle of eye; supple- mental maxillary evident; both jaws with a narrow band of villiform teeth, broader above; upper jaw with a strong canine in front on each side; lower jaw with about 5 canines; the fourth longest; fourth dorsal spine about half head; soft dorsal and anal concave on the margin; caudal forked; anal spines short, the second half eye; pectoral as long as head, without snout; swim bladder present; pyloric cceca 6 or 7. No.1240. CARDINAL FISHES OF JAPA N—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 909 Color everywhere black, including the mouth cavity. (Steindachner and Déderlein.) Deep water outside of Tokyo Bay (near Misaki); one specimen 22 mm. long in the museum of Vienna; not seen by us. 6. TELESCOPIAS Jordan and Snyder, new genus. Telescopias JORDAN and SNYDER, new genus (gilberti). Body oblong, covered with small, thin. cycloid scales; jaws with small scales; soft fins mostly covered with small scales; eyes very large; mouth very large, with strong teeth; teeth in jaws principally in one series, canine-like, those in front of upper jaw and in sides of lower jaw largest; vomerine teeth villiform; palatine teeth small canines; preopercle with a produced membranous angle; first dorsal with eight spines; soft dorsal and anal long; concave on the margin; caudal lunate. Japan, in the Black Stream or Kuro Shiwo. Size larger than in other genera of Apogonide. It differs from Melanostoma mainly in the stronger dentition, the uniserial teeth of the jaws, and in the smaller scales. (reheoKOozos, far-seeing, from the large eyes. ) 15. TELESCOPIAS GILBERTI Jordan and Snyder, new species. KUROMUTSU: BLACK SCOMBROPS. (Plate XLIV. ) Head 34 in length; depth 44; depth of caudal peduncle 34 in head; eye 32; interorbital space 54; snout 34; maxillary 24; D. VIII-I, 13: A. II, 13. Scales in lateral series about 65; in transverse series 21. Body elongate, the back not elevated; caudal peduncle somewhat cylindrical at its narrowest part. Head almost as deep as body. Interorbital space flat; its width about equal to three-quarters of the diameter of eye. Eye large; its diameter equal to length of snout; preorbital very narrow. Snout pointed. Lower jaw projecting; maxillary extending to a perpendicular, passing a little behind center of pupil; its posterior edge rounded, Upper jaw with an outer row of sharp canines; widely spaced; larger and stronger at anterior end of jaw, where there is a group of several on each side; posterior part of jaw with an inner, short row of minute teeth; lower jaw with a single row of sharp teeth similar to those above; largest on sides of jaw; vomer with a small patch of villiform teeth; palatines with a series of small, sharp teeth. Tongue notched anteriorly; with small patches of blunt teeth. First gill-arch with 10 long, slender gill- rakers, 1 on the upper part, 9 on the lower. Pseudobranchix large. A shallow pocket or fold between the preopercle and suspensorium of Jaw opening into gill-chamber. Edge of preopercle without serrations: a large striated flap at its angle. Branchiostegals 7. oy PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIII, Head, except lips and branchiostegal region, covered with smooth, thin scales, these overlaid with smaller ones; those on upper part of head, on snout, and lower jaw small and minute. Body with large, SS b, Wer dK 3 4 Qyee £4 (\ K CO ‘Gy ; Rien a IY b | SffEb j is tif the Z ey i "“COBZL F La ie i HA SNe x U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXIIf PL. XLIV : } TELESCOPIAS GILBERTI. FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 909. es aS a ee ee ! NAD EEE XS 3 Page. Abbott, James Francis. List of Fishes collected in the River Pei-Ho, at Tien- tsin, China, by Noah Fields Drake, with descriptions of seven new species ...--- 483 SATOMI eels a sors ce eee eta Set cee cee 759 ISCLIPCS Sea see- aa eevee sees 372 GSU Slain so ee eres ieee yarns 740 mew species --......:-=- 759, 761 AbHUGeidnhSexta Clatus: -2222- 2225-25-24 52252 vis) PADVSSICOlMANACTOC MIN s.c2 = «ees case ce 376 SAIC AY PUCTER ene bb eke ebb eaent ase se 655 ACA PiU bays eee ce tases cele eeieete 654 NGA TH OGATCION= seers seen nae Aaa eee 383 | ACA GHOCARGIUIM Ge sso ae eee ace ee eee 383 Acanthogobius flavimanus.......-------- 761 PA CHMUNOMETIG ace saiesen ates se eee 655 INCHNENONISCUS) san aese- estas nee sess 498, 562, 569 SPIMISeY yee ee eeee Se eee 569 NCAT OO) ee eae a aces saw as cc okesmaines 384 PAG BITTITT eh yey eee st retecailere cee lee eralee siete 590 PN COMrOL OWLS ace cectae ae se beeen ee 759 | Aceratherium occidentale..............-- 223 Acheilognathus imberbis................. 484 IN tenmMeqdwmMssee 2 esses 343, 344 lanceolatum......... 3438, 344, 743 nhombeumi-S-222 5-2-2520 343,344 | steenackeri 22-2 32.5:-222- 343 Acherusia CoOmplanatas + -= 2a. se5s2=- 9. ee 524 uments Stee se scat ae ness 524 Achirophichthys crocodilinus........-.--- 875 PACHITOPhIiGhth ys by pUSs-4--2e-c2--- 22s 875 Acnemia flaveola, new species ........... 598 PACTS pater ot aes eo Viola ye ads ieee ce IG 683 SUDSeNUSI IE oHeres ot cess ase oe 694 EAICTOG ELI ce rea e eae areinl=) siete ectesane 695, 656, 658 NCTOPOMA eset aae canine ace eee. 892, 911, 913 JAPONICUM eee see 911, 912,913 | ENERO DOMME 2 seem ts eee Sul eee eee 892 ANCTOSUCLI CIN G22 Soom o esis eeinn eee ee 383 BAC TOS UG DUI eerste enters Saree cle se sine 628 a@lpinvim) 225 2- - fe ee ee ee 643 areolatiim as s.--- os - ee weietea 635 UIT SUT epee ete esa sero 628 hyperboreumis-2--seee-- se e~ 643 HLOCNSO asa aetaste erence See 643 Jomanoidess=2-0- Si-eeeaee 628 @ DlsyMEUTOSM =e anc 635 polypodioiGes® — oe ssa. 628 seplentrionale-232 2-2 seen. 636 SLMUATUM ssc <6 = sees ae 629 thalictroides: <<< 242-22 s.24 627 thelyplerisssc* aoe esnase 638 ’ Page. Acrothelevewlata. 5 see enere eee oe anne 690 COTIAC Ca yt Se eyo ae Saeeicree ane 688 ACLOMISCUS Roa! Gao anieae, aea=seeeeewics 499, 575, 576 elliipticus ss. sss sas: 52555258256 499, 576 AGutilinestawassee as eee dase eee te 813 Acutilinatays wot soc cases-eeasce seme aes 813 AA BOMG Fe heres 2 aay e as aaa hee Gras Sees wee 381 Adi am Gum. Jatin Sela aae «ana eae eee 630 capillus-Vemerist.s.-s-ss ees 630 emarginatuinr..- -ensse esse 631 JOLAAUMIlA So 352 552 - eee ee eee 631 MOGeshuM toe ese ener cee eee 630 pedatum includes yar. rangi- TerintImMse asa sae eee 631 TEMERUIM Eset eee ee eee eens 631 tmicholepissasees--— te seee eae 631 VSP BS rahe tae ree ose ec rr oN elt 495, 520 AML MSS eee. sae ate sa 495, 520, 521 AT CHLCASE 5. Sacci Toe eke eee 495, 520,522 CONCHALUM ste see eee ene eee 513 CrenUlatat es ae ee cee eee 495, 520, 521 Gentata a. ate geese Spence ae 495, 520, 522 CG@RTING tA he feces eee ae ses 495, 520, 521 CMMarpINn ata sass ajclecloeme eee eens 521 entaillGe: wy ses tetera Dae oa eeee 521 STACHIPCS Sas -noce ae eee ee Sci 495, 520, 523 AND CLSM sears a ieee mee atte 495, 520, 522 WOMEN rs ser ciel sito cee stares re ee tere Lotte 522 Politasas sees ae sas ces ae seca 514 SOTA As sate since ices wiataia ain /siteyacise alse 495, 520, 521 LeNULpES S-oa- hs aa ae ee 495, 520, 522 VER tlOSate iets ane eke eee ate hee 495, 520, 522 TODD lilee, Mees tees tote eye ee 495, 520, 522 Sa THORNS meer ocieee snedc tt taicmra lets 496, 525, 527 linguifrons, new species. ... 466,525,526 loliginea 526 medtalistsse- ancestries 496, 526, 527 PEP UGE vane nice ace os ae ss sie --- 495, 506, 520, 527 /®giochus nordenskioldii -........-...-.-.- 522 | VEMLIOSUSE so = 22 oe Scene so oaeee eee 522 PEIN ASI Alta Sates ot one ee oe as ors Se eae 878, 890 MEWaFeCUUS= 22 s0so. ee ahaa gee O88) lichenosa, new species. ..---..--. 883,890 eEAHICUIZONA LUSH. < ce. aoe cee cleieis ea eee 812 (eect IED Bee enemas wa Aes ee eee 456,525, 531 Caninata.o 5 <2 3a. oats coe 196, 531 Agentrogobius gymnauchen ....----.------ 372 PHaMNI +2532 soe eee eee 372 AQMOSUUS Hall LOX4 oe aa eee sere e eee 690 PID DUS een cece oe en eee eee eee ae 690 INGOMIA seed oes ce eus - eet e aeeeeeeeee 368, 759 AL OUOZOM st Se eee oe Oa eens 398 1 Asan index to Mr. William H. Ashmead’s paper, Classification of the Ichneumon Flies, or the Super- family Ichneumonoidea (this volume, pp. 1-220), was specially prepared by its author, the titles in that paper are omitted in this index. 915 D6 INDEX. Page. | Page. Agonus stegophthalmus.................. 368 | ANGUS Pease assess oe sooo ee 289, APTA MmIMmMmuUs AaSTAMMIUSS >< Foes aesee sees 367 | 291, 292, 295, 299, 303, 312, 313, 320, 321, 324 SChIC@Eligh iS on tue pe teten ese 367 | CATLPCHUELL eee eee ee 286, 303 Ae Teamlog pe sts Gi aaron cesar eee ie 688 new Name ses St fas 320 A PEOMUY TAGE wis Sac ae Seat e oeneeiarse 655 | Ce@Trosiana 7. .scst Sees eee 325, 303 Alla claigavst sss Se Se es nas 659, 661, 664, 665 new species =...../..22- 319 Alsotanais=See sence: seeks eee 494, 500,502 | Coloraite:) 53225 A ee er 325 hastieer-: sy eee ee 494,502 | new species ............- 313 Albatross, with descriptions of fourteen Consobrinus)|/2.2.=<2tcasste eee ee 286 new species, a List of Fishes collected Has ellum rai23 2 erence he ee 296, 325. in Japan by Keinosuke Otaki, and by NC WiSPeCCiEs’2--—- ee 312 the United States steamer. By David WACHEUMA eo tisesteeee 286, 303, 325. Starr Jordan and John Otterbein new species........--- 318 DIV OCI oe ae cree cams ts ee Soha tees 335 MAPN A. Armphipnoide 822 .22-s22b oon ea ee 837 Mew specieS:: 5-252 532252. 313 Amphiprion frenatus-2 2. 222A. vss) Satan seen eee 529 Anemia adiantifolia.{-s5--c-h essence ae 627 DID Cla sae eee poet eae 496, 528 MGM CAN AE sa. ae Oa ne eee 6275) Am late<2. 47 22: Seas aee eee eee 813 A new systematic Name for the yellow Anodontia=.. 2355.45 2 -edae oes 801 Boa of Jamaica, by Leonhard Stejneger. 469 albat 2th ees eeate cee eee 802 AATIGSUIS AMETICANUS) 22-32 ene eee 507°) Anona laurifoliains: 92-2 -se-eces oe eee eee 256, 273 GHIStALUS oe eae eee eee ees 506,5| -Amoplus banjos5-0- 2. =-4-cee ese 357 elongatis see senna cease 507. |, AMODSUS). 2.2 oo hiv aoeiss nee see eeeeceeee 731 IAMICH OVI oo src oc eee ee ee ee eae 748 | Anorostoma opaca, new species .......... 614 Amma * Fos a ee S41, 842, 843, 847,887 | Antennaria, Revision of certain Species anguilla: 27.5. ck see eee eos see ee 743 of plants of the Genus, by Elias Nelson. 697 pengalensis.. 2 5 feos ee ease 842::|. Anmtenmaria. 222 .ci< oc ni eee 697, 705 CHIVSY DAs. Y22 hee eee 842, 843 RZOIGES).+2-5<.. ewetas eee .... 697,699 FAPOVICH = — coe eee 348, 743, 842, 887 gl pings: 2 . 2. - ...-2.2--22see=8- 864 DAS TEP 8 Siro 3c ees ene 572 Apterigia immeaculatas:: s.20-2--ssee sees 839 | Armadilloniscus ellipticus ............... 76 MILTOMACWIAtA 2.2. ess scee es 839) Ap hia +s so ™ 4. Ae oe eee eee a 428 E SaAccogularishss ses - eee oe @88s899! | Asellidas 255: =e tes ee ee 497,550,551 Aratans acwleaton s2.20).2-5. bee Bast es $60;748'.|\ -Asellodesaltas: 2.255 J eee eee oes ee 556 Arachnida from southern Arizona, Some Asellota or Aselloidea.......-.-..-.-- 497, 500, 550 Spiders and other, by Nathan Banks ..- 58lk | MAsellos 7.42. a5 ae ote ee eee 497, 551 APA CICA ESS sec aee some aos oeecee eae > 581 atlenUniUS se sol oe eee 497, 551, 552 ANCHE MIA teen ok otie ot eee ace ee ae 892, 906, 913 communists. 222 2a eee ene 497, 551 kaposhimanaa- fe cec2 a eee ess 907, 913 STOMIENGICUSE.=- 22. seeeeee Se 554 MIB CLOPLELA LS soca saa aaecee 907 linestis. 3 -28e shee sens eee 551 MACTOPDLELUSS 2. cmc Saas eseeeee 906 MATINUSi 253. Bouse see eee 540 Anchistes plumarius..2<.. 19222224 ese sn 367 TMINON. 28. ce ae tenses Meee 569 Aiecomag ell aescse sa ents setae ee 290 COSEMUM is Ayes eine eee 530 MAGCHTOIOES 4c ae eee 290). | Astidee ea & cc eet cce Gace eee eee 655 AVCOPUPIA Seeskuc = hesene seas: eeeeeeeens 290;294 | ASilOId <0. -2ea25 =o eee See Eee eee 657 ATCOPACIOPSIS ee ~csshe st aceee sia tac eas ce 289)" | “Astloldeae sas. .-5- >. — 826 ose eee ae 655, 656 AMCbiN Shh POsAER Gan. = Sonate sae. se seca s=ai 268\,| VAS pIGISCa soe eee eens eee eee 242 PA GULLGL nee Stn int ane On Shee ee 258, 259 Splendoriferellac 322222222 =---- 242 ATctOSCOpUS japORICUS. 2-2-6252 222 sss == 2 369) |) Aspiciuims = 2 sem sans = ers eee eee 620 ATCT Ose) S22 eo he oe Settee 497, 537, 545 ACLOStCh OIG GS aea= aaseee ees 640 IAT ChURUssse ke oat as Seen nate se 497, 545, 546 aculeatum:— neces te ae 641 ei ee ee eee yak 497, 546, 549 Vari DRAWN: 22. a se5 641 Var feildentse:2 asses 2 549 californicum .. 641 caribbzeus, new species..-....... 497, 546 scopulinum.... 641 FeIloemie. G25 ssc Peas 497, 546, 549 SOUT 3293-225 aes 642 HonidamUsss sass. oct coe sce 497, 546, 548 QTE utwmM: 2222. =a see eee cle 640 PuUurpureus:s.2 528.5. acne esees 497, 546, 547 bisernatwun. 3225252 sees eee 642 IAS i elive tate sie aeay =n npais cea tee Stereos 380 boottii.....-< SES e ria nasccoden SS 640 ATeliSCUs) =< sheet one nck cae cere ee aes 380 braunil = 2... ao Baeeeebe eee 641 ME Wi MCMUSs S24 see weston Ceres 336 califormicum<...2s2s0 s.5sees ae 641 JONMOTD oomceceecmenataesnee eae 380 conterminum yar. strigosum.. . 638 ATEAS SAMCMEZI 5. ace at = oreeeee eee 590 Cristatunl 5 eee se cigec eseeee 639 ASNSeMtNINs: << sos =H allssieee | ane Gaeieee 349 var. clintonianum... 639 Arg yrocottus zanderi:~.<-..-.-. 2.25 s.de5% 368 | marginale, 2c e-- = 25 639 Argyrothamnia blodgettii..............-- 231 Cxaltatumeeesos ae oeee eae ae 642 AMIOSOMOse hen ose anaes knee eee 847 ATX -IMBA oss s steste ae tee eee 639 ANISTOLCVRe sae oe See eens see oe es ee 225, 226 | Horidanum), 22. assess see 639 DIV 2S ory ae eee a eee es 226 fragrans cAsene ses was tase oe 639 MEW SPECIES @ ow ase kee 225 PlabruMm: 52. 252s eee a 63 Pudi bundella ss. =secasteaee see 226 POLAIANUMONe.<: Boa. sakes 639 TOSCOSUMUSCLIA = 25. aaa semana 295, 226 INVEMMeGTUM S22 - nae eee 640 Arizona, Some Spiders and other Arach- juglanditolimmie-cos" =. sso 642 nida from southern, by Nathan Banks. 581 lONCHILIS 23s essa ee 641 AIM BCTV GIG 2.5 ' orm isi cise aise cis 493, 498, 561, 569 Mareinale:as.ee Sage see 639 Arne aillidiuwy... eee 386 CULVIGOIRIS 2 >see esses ee 370 ASPCTSUM pa: se aye cation. ee ONO indramiundus\ss20 see s--.ee 370 VL CULE CS area he 2, atts pees = 385 JAPOMICUSSs2- 555--- ease eer 370, 745 pele@hert a2 [Ae -/13,- Sesh eee - 389 longicaudatus:2.s252255522-- 370, 745 Dian oulatuimes:sascaeen a eee 390 MLGM ATG SOM Gases eet 370 LAM OUI s ke eae eae ee 390 Valenciennel Als. Se. c.es se 370 OREM S= SSeS Rok can tee ee 386, 388 WaniCPatuste es asses cawimse al 370 TOMAS UME MS Crs se patente tee eee 387 Calli Onatasace se sicciac oe ose Sass ets tere 697 pula s/o see secant 387 CANONS erercaeeisctsisic = Ne eiacieisiee -lenin.e 330 calaformiamume: = S28 5-4-2 - 390 Callucina....... eee ae laete eee en crac a= 806 cauliforniense’ soos sssesene eee - 390 Permudensis: = se. m= sce = see 810, 832 campechiense’..-......2-<-.<---- 386 new species. -.-.-- 825 Gardissale £2 Neo Sa cent eee ee 385 TACUAMS act se ate re ellele la 809, 824, 833 GATLNECOSUM. s552 eee nee nee nee 297 CaloOtomusS jJapOMNLCUS -). 55.22.5222 yas sens 309 Garolinense:= 9s. 22555555 0ceee tee 386 Wally teraibeewae sae asa at o.s syereiste nate 695 GeLramMLG UM te sen sae oes 387 Coty ptratecwoeseso a sse ee ee soos aeclo se 694 GCiliatuMes = aac peer eee 386, 390 Cambrian brachiopoda: Obolella; subge- CUGrIM UIT ete os oe 387 nus Glyptias; Bicia; Obolus, subgenus Golumbars-. 55.22 g-eh eee se ee 386 -Westonia; with descriptions of new : GOMORENSCs a anes sess ae aes 390 Species, by Charles D. Walcott ......... 669 GONSOLSI SS case seen eee 389 Cambrian brachiopods of Sardinia ....... 695 GOLDISs Sassi aectons eee 390 Camplyoneuron -.....-- Sete cir Lie 629 COStATUIMN es 55: setae sd eee B84 Phyl Gis Pe seeeeeeetclee nie 629 CruentatuMy ase sc ates eas 391 Cam PlOSOLUSssacesers sae eee eee ee 637 CUMMINS IE ea Sia tener ersten ere 389 mhizophyllusss ose - ssc seo 637 CY NORV soso eee mee 388 intermedius .. 637 Gia eer eee oins Beet toes 383 Can cellsesscetace saceen ccna ccweses wcnee Rieti SW SOD dieser corciciete see ea 386 camalieulatws ===. 24:4 ss5~ 22-5 771 GecoratumiEs ssa see tees coe 390 OLMIS: seer cee aese eee 772, 773, 774 GUISCOTS 4/5932 Seas sae ce setae 298 Partalti~ersa-e oe ese eS c eee 774 GONACILORMC) 455222 eae 385 spongicola, new species .....-- 773, 774 EbuUTrnMiierumqsce see ee 385 CAMMeER ps eee shee seems lacaee 771, 772 ECinm ALUM oes soci eeine ae 388 IGVUS Ree Sent cece as ete ee Sates Wide t3 Gentil WM oar iejerate setseiete ee aia 358 Cancer bern handussetr castes see see 452 Cdule! acco Fssince-ie Saban eee 384, 386 Capnodes punctivena ese ise ee os 274 CPT ONT AIM soe rete ote re stot ars 3389 Gxprodon.schllegeliss 9-2 Saye eee 2. 354 ClatuMeae sesso eos eee 391 GaSe rays aoc thee ee tei eesioetes 292 elegantulltmss 2227 s2-sos eee ee 386 Garman pidce ss Sees Bee ee eat Secs 352, 748 elenenserssee peste sees eee 391 Garaneus equulla. Sessa ee so cisleleis are 749 Clone abuser (2 386 Waray e GU areas say se ets clea mie sare 308 CMMAT AN Gt WMG eee eee 385 AMavoceruleus2 2s: sso ose2k ee se 353 fabriciisss=2 eee eee OAS eee 388 IDM asese Wee yo Ne Ce el 352 TASCUADUII ae enae a Mtares eeeei 388 latussceee cs Ses ee eee os 353 SOMUMNA PUM Sa hates ates 392 IM ALOAGS IRA eave Seco eee wo se 352 orl ai A GUM ee ores sere ee ee el tla 387 SPeCCIOSUSea tase coe be eeoasods 749 POSS. ote 5 se eee 386 trachurus japonicus. 7 ...-:..--. 748 PTAMIevUM see eee eee 384, 390 (CarTassiusiaUTrauuss sss 84 os ee Sas oes 340, 484, 741 STON ANG Cums sos eae 384 OAT Coline ¥ tte l ace vas ale hee taimneraisics eo =2 38 haitense sess ee sce Lee eeetae = 388 Cardiidz and of the North American spe- Hay esl este pecemeea eee eee 386 cies, Synopsis of the, by William Healey HEMILCATdiuMs se. esses see eee 384 WD tapes eens neater aces o 381 Higtus sesso eee oe 387 Cardiidee 381, 383, 779 nll AN WM ae eee Recent eee 385 Cardinal fishes of Japan,a Review of the, ni Cuan sa eee eee 387 by David Starr Jordan and John Otter- HY SURI s Saas ero jeer metese es 384 DEUMLSTYG CT tees tore w Gee ees Sel ae 891 TS a GG Wee eee everest = 356 Gomi ssalesscmtas yeaes: Sao Ss seaplen aS 385 ISOCATAIAE As ese e anise ees 383, 385 OAT OUI ete ne ew ete erie see 383, 384 lA CULOSUIME cesar eee eee = 389 ACULEA TUM eas ae may wor meprete nate 383, 392 levigatum ...... See ete eee 387 922 INDEX.. Page. Page. Cardium jamareletis = oo on: Seta 2 S87") Cassidinan eS. 3. seek aat eee eee 496, 532, 533 laticoctatien <2. stoase wees dice 389 | lunbirong5.53.2 > eee 496, 553 Vv GUS A ee ers oe ee 3875 || ‘Cantethia proterss=s = -. sc aero eee 225 RERUN) 4 tegen eee arta B80) (0 Cawahineinia, 222k 23 5c Seer eer ee 805 levcostomaycee <2 % eee eee 386 Lam pPrusiszceecce obese 811, 832 Iori Se Se ort creat erate 389 NOW ANeCiess 2.22 =— 827 Limeaitimne. 4-2 2 eee ena oes 387 lin guidilist =< Sees See ee 811, 827, 832 lweimoides 225. s eta 389») ‘Ceponidistortus).— 2 = (52sec sess see re da79 PAPLULOSWIM eee sae eG oe Meee 988: | Ceristes cia. gel) ofc ats eee 383 PCC HUAI sere == [stem teens 388: | (Cerastoderman: so .tteSn-5% couse ee 383, 384 Debbi 22 eee aa 387 Ciliatumc os¢ sesso. se See se 386, 390 DICUUME seen epee ee et eee: 387, 388 GOLDIS!S se eee Sates 390 pinMUlapuIn oe ess tasees 386 decoratummestee as s5-eee ee 390 PlamicostapuMins 2 59-0 suerte 390 elegantulum = 2: 25-2: -h-e 386 pristipleurg...<2 -esdeckeeenstesees 389 pinnulatumsse5- ose e eee 386 DRISHI SE Aker fe es eee tee mee 3o/)| CeralopOsOls-ssceeesee sae ee eee ees 599 Procercum A c.6tcs~ ueaeeee 389 antennalis, new species....- 606 PSCUCOTOSSI G2 See eee eee 390 barberi, new species .....-... 601 PUD CSCENSe- se st shoe chy pone ee 386 biguttatus, new species ...-. 604 quadragenarium...2....-225...- 389 cinctus, new species ........ 605 DAS GRU | = eee a ey Pay pa 389 cockerellii, new species. ...- 603. FERUSOM) S25. cclsine eeeaeee ces 385 | diversus, new species ..-...-- 607 TIME CMS) soe ose cee ot aires 384 elegans, new species .......- 599 BUMS TOW ere ofeach 387 expolitus, new species ....-. 600. TODUSUUIMI 22 22 a. wee ee ree 386 fimbriatus, new species ....- 601 TOPUNGAMNN, sae ee eee tee 389 fusculus, new species ......-. 605 SEMIASPEDUM He orce eesace See 385 griseus, new species....-.... 602 Semisuleatumire:- cesses cee 387 guttipennis, new species .... 603. SenbICOSUID: =~ o-c..0 Se eee soci 389 johnsoni, new species .....-- 600 SGrvratumd 22io2 2 ose Be Sees 387, 388 levis, new species ..:..2....- 604 war. brasilianum...... 387 melleus, new species. ...-..- 604 var. sybariticum.....- 387 mutabilis, new species ...--- 602 SCLOSUIMN:S )n2 5-87 n= Re ketees 389 nebulosus, new species. ....- 606 soleniforme< {2 -% -4--W4-c'jessasee 387 | pergandei, new species ...-. 602 SPECIOSUIM Ra.3 5-262 ~ oes e ees 384 | politus, new species ....-...-. 606 SpUlMaNT .$55-.0- ace ss eeeeees 384 pulvereus, new species ....- 600 SPIDOSUIM. fs. 22 2 tessa 384, 387, 391 sanguisuga, new species .... 604 MAG. GUNtOM a se ser 387 schwarzii, new species. ..-.- 605 SUDMISCOTS--/.0 oot eee pe ee 384 | specularis, new species ....- 601 subelongatum 22255 \25.cce- cee. 386, 389 smithii, new species ........ 600 subgquadratumsea..-o-e-ssseeue 38d stellifer, new species ......- 604 SUDStelatumi =. -S2seue se see 391 | subasper, new species ....-- 606. Chane Wahi cn co oe eee oe ese 392 | variipennis, new species.... 602 DIAG = fs te ee ae Be 384 | viridis, new species........- 607 VENErICOSUM — 55 2e—- tepethe Saree 386 | websteri, new species. ....-- 603. WENUSHUIMs,.-.20-c.35. eee 386, 387 | Cératopteridaces 5.22 ete eee eee 627 WiRTbel 25 hte oe Seana 384 | Ceratopteris =. 2:teessieee ee eee 627 xenthocheilum:: -) > WJeesaseeee 389 | thalictroidesio>evesscseses 627 P ; : }

740 ME WAPENUSY Rose esa ee eis we 761, 763 dolichognathus--. 2---c snes 761, 763 MIS HIS s,s Se eee ee 740 new species .....- 761, 763, 764 @hatoéssusipunctatnsime.ss--es- 2 eee eee 743 Gheilantheses- ees es Cio ac ck eee ee eens 632 a ADRMVENSIS! So. sae soe ee = 632 SVN OST aap ejersie terete oie tee ates 632 argenteéa'.. 22: . Sones oe 633 ASDELANeE pe ee ei ean eens 634 CaliformieH= Gasscaeec esas se 632 | Gam Gia a* S552 Selene 629 Clevelandilsc tse eae sean 633 COOPER Mere aes ecee ise 632 eal baitawer cst tases ee 630 GMCOUI asec a joes ears hoe 633 ClOPANS ieee sain aoe saeean oe ee 633 RECUR ey asian os Hae sete eas ec 632 REMUS syn eee ees 633 ! flTIUNLOSH sae ae ee es hae 633 MTEL GUN NN rates ae aeiees eae 632 PURO oe es one et 632 Peau OSarreee Ahern Berea sets 632 LAM SIG OSE e saat reels 632 Iimidiveind erik Sao c= esis 25s 633. | lendicerateeecs- ae s5n see saa 632 | VEUCOPOM Aetna 5 2 Sao 632 MTS S ate yee neater 634 MAUCKOphivdla Basse. + sess aie ce 632 AV TIOP Wy Mla ss see ae acs ose 633 PATISMI iis. sees SUES 633 PUEULISLSUce eee eects 632 LOMMETLO SA, meee laS ei <= 632 War. .catonlss.2-- 2 633 AROS MIC ha A ee Pe eae 632 VALI Seats a wen te Nee 633 WISCIOMer eects tees cies a 632 WTS ites eerie eee 632 Gheillodactylus!zonatus:. coset ee eee 691 PalapReHnes:s. onsale eae 801,852))| aCoptodisea’ =. 5 ses == se Serer 242 new species. .....-.2. 823 condaliz, new species .....-- 242 ACR CATE eee eee ee ee 801, 822, 832 splendoriferellassss.23. .c=-- 242 NEW. NeME=jsa- tse ss 822 2B D. W., New Diptera in the OLrpiCwlaris. sea. eoe eee 798, 799, 821 U.S. National Museum 6 2s acs 593 orbiculata Ae tescces cee 799, 801, 822, 823 Gc prallanie 2h ep ee ee he ere ee eee 495, 517 pectinielly, .-2 S22. Arne teeeteue 800 antillensis:.;2. -22-4se eee 495, 517,519 DOTLOTIC AMG). <1. et sea eos 800, 832 fissicaudacs2 5-22. {So225-2es 495,517,519 new species »...-...-- $22 OCD aha Sees eeoceene 495, 517, 519 PUG tate ae eee eee eee 796, 798 quadricornis:.22-2 = o-2. 22. 495, 517,518 Rigen tant ee Sete eee 798 sexticornis, new species... 495,517,518 WoelorhyRebuss0 2252. caes eae eaee 376 subtilis’ 2 2 /3:452282-2 495, 517,519 RUStLAlIe-- sey eee 376 fVICOIMNIS See tc eee eee 495, 517, 518 ishinouyelyseceese-eee eae 336 Warmin pil 2S -S2 55s. ose 495,517,519 new species S76i2|-Corallanids) $26. -S4s0-tr oe oss cease 495, 506, 517 GUPROMIVIES 2 (a8. sa elon cee neeeeeeeninoe 668\"|' Corallia . sce cette eee See eens 797 Coeruleipes:STOUPs <0: aa205senls se o5 2s 4212 \ Corbidee: 2... os 25 Ree eee eeaeeeees 780, 797, 816 (OIA MASUSEs oe ae SO ka pese eee 490) Corbis:32 25-20 3 eee S16 OCIA. Pee ee ot 2h ca a ereenk ese 7454 “GCoraulum os soot Sese- seer ree ene ates 3585 Golocephalli) #2. Jas8et 2a. Sac acc uceenieee 889 | Coriarachne versicolor --....--..-..--.-.- 586 CONCHOCCIOs a: a. dacaS-iclcascine)s -opatt moses 1840| “COTIRGIII NS 2oe- cecen esate ereeee sebecemerarer 247 Wonchcele disjuncta: =: +. 5.2/2. .ssa=acnee 789 randiella, new species. ......-. 247 Moncdalia, fenea-s. ns a4. Sans Saas 2337238) 242)") CONVvulle BISON tabelae == eame eee eee 746, 752 INDEX, 925 Page. . Page. Worywularschterel ss) 5o502 st. 3 See do6) |) Culticula, emmelas.-. 212-212. 483 Corypheena hippurus': --...:--..22..222 5. 353 new species......._.- 485 Pl ADOMICH ee see eS eee SOD eOM ie CUNCH LANNY Sate 5 As 5524 oe ieee ee 793 Conyphremidse ccc see. oos- eee Soom MO NeDe Cul ie aoeee SN | Seer 473 OTM ROILES Seen at che atte PoV ub 8 nk CAC PCy abhiirai.. (see sess. | nee 494, 507,508 hOWbEyI se ans = 746 CATING taeeese s+ ee 494,508 Cosmoptery xs s5- so 5 5.5 BOS ee arene 230s Cybium chinensis... --grgse.. 4.4. 2 ee 352 ipomoez, new species. ..__- 235 . ado OTUs 352 nigrapunctella, new species Zoo uh CY CAS sees s oS ane Iss er ee ke 810, 814 Cossyphus oxycephalus .................. 359 demain = ay 95.05 5 ee 815 GOStaiak= 2 sn ceceesss atelete ee ieaine eee eee terre S20b PCY ClOceraies.<2s4: S55. anise ee 654. Wottidees soak ane Senet Bina iene See ae abo mel Cy Clogasters =< 2525.4. 307... ee 747 Cottusidecastrensisaa 2. 2.0. $2.0 368: | ‘Cyclorhaphay:=-2= _.-2).. 693, 654, 655, 656, 657 Crabs of the Pagurus bernhardus type, Cy clostomes sa* a (ao. Ses o2 yee, OED 735 The Hermit; by James E. Benedict..... PUA CV GLO LEI gine oe te Pen we ye ee ay 290 Crenilabrus spilogaster.......5...2.._...2 359 TAUS Va ce ones ee eek as 294 (Criocarditimin sorceress ret ats SOOT MOV GID DOmtc es enem ras) 4M Wane se acai 290 Criorhina kincaidi, new species......._.. CHUM CY GIppIn a,c ante Sek =k see Sette eae aoa 292 Crossumusiyilttatus2cs: 2.2.60) 501 Ibneyitinons:5sane= sey meee 300 Crotolaniaypumila. =. 22.220 2.0-.25.0 227 Dinan ac Se a Ge iene ps 300, 315 UV PUOCOPEls see see ee See ee 22S OU, OOD AC VIINOiGas = see = oes eee 759 QLUCRA eres eee eS ADA THUD ROVIISEHCUSe?2 Saas soe to eee 498, 562, 565. Cryptodones=-2..—-- ee a SA Se 784, 789 CONVeXUS Fh ao- eee ees 498, 565, 566 SS UU AUIS ey 5 os ecrey ena aie 784 | SEVIS Phases Seeds a ote eee, 565 croulinensis, var. altus ......- 787 SDIBTTONS ao 8 =e ee meee 565. WUZOTOT CUS peter sa eet aa ne es SOR AGYINALOICA esha aack sash set 3 ee 292 LOSE Vleet ey een Bs 830 AT CURTAR at =o ee ee coe eee 300. ODESTISeee Rar meta Sete air 786 Orlemtallis; eae eer: a= hoes. wee 286, 300. Obsoletusee= ssa. sane etc, 787 ACLU Sa eee pes he we 286, 309 OVACUS tees fa ee a ee 787, | Cymodocea bermudensis...-....-...2-... 534 VTL ORIMS pas eee ee etna Pe 785 Gatidatas. Saas 3iee ae Paes Shi 536 DSL SUP aretha oo oe eye te (Sole lisG yin OU OA mete ees sed Som eee 496, 525, 527, 530 Crypioeranmiai tis: seme Meme steel ns ent ie 633 ACUMINAE Ee esas Meee 540. acrostichoides -.-__...._- 633 Gufresnel 3656 a a eS 530 Alelleniess eee eee ee 633 excise 2s ze eee eee eee 496, 530: Cryptopterus puncticeps .......2......... 871 MMI CYS) = cae sae eee eee ee 530: CURR meer ae en aot ain ere na 797, 798 ME PTESSAeesaseeen ee ee 529 (Gleniamassante ee stone 8 See ea ees 797, 798 lanceolata; 422285) ess ee oe 496, 530: WHET OCA Apress emai oe toe Ne ee ate 384 HETIONUM Ds: 22 sees eee 532 CLETLOPO Disp eperen ane een eb 759 MOVING seo eee eee eee ee 540 SHMEIS 2 aenesaeoe eee 759 (OBS CRU Eee coe neces 496, 5380: Ctenolabrus fagelliter #2:-...-). 5 3... 359, 756 OGeanI Ca. te e-ecen eee eee 574 Ctenosaurabakeri-22 52 2..= 222s.) 468 OCUlala eS Ss. cca S-< Sees Saas eee 526: MEW SPCCIES © sa= os. 467 | OlIVACeR 22h ean ee 531 DULCARISH ea ce ee py eee 467, 468 | OVANIS 5525558252 Seaesns ce eens 531 Cinuchs virginica = 22.5... 2-2 2b. 259, 266 | Parasite. ticeecn eens see 530: ner Sse aes ee EF 498,569,570 | PILEUstatonst ses. e eee 528. STTUTA Gee eee Coe rae ners wy 571 | triloba - 2222262 ss ae eee ee 531 TOTO CAs ae mae eed tS oe | Cymotholde rs: 2s-.. se aes 493, £96, 506, 525, 527 CUINC TUS eee eee ae ee ae HOOT OLOFO72) |p CVNOSLOSSUS= se yeleee eee eet oon eee 380 CMEPIeSsUSsi cope ees en 499, 570,571 IMNGELNUP CUS saat ee 380 dum orumrrser- 27-20. eh AGO O71 O72. {CY MOPONticus feroxs 2-22.40 so ee 857 PIAS renee ce ye) Sects ee 499, 571, 572 SAV. sos se ae oe 857 SRENAC CnsiSPes <= os. 2os == ASD OTRO LD i OV PLCOW emcee ase n nce Se eee meek ane 329 MATERUINOS Sarsae ae ne ae cee) A090 SA0nOTLe | Cy pring, DISeCtal assesses ene eee 789 merlatuste-s. "5... ei akc ences 499 OOS OTe | MO MP RUNG S33 we eae eee ee eee 334, 340, 484, 741 DISURi Ree ee et 499,571,572 | Cyprinoid, Leuciscus turneri, from the SUvareinmMereenete es et eT 499,570,571 | Miocene of Nevada, A new Fossil, by CenuMIpUMCtatliss. .2.-5.2.-.--- 498, 570, 571 Hired eriGrAC nuicase encase eee es ee 333: RELI COlanee nS ao Ye os 4995210; OV leas OY DEMMUS CARDIO) gees = sae eee eee 340, 484 : ZAP ZOE SER Ae oe ee 4997 971,002) |= CYPSCIUILUS (AL OO ae. eae eae ee 351 @ulieidcetene senses eee ee 655 Gyrach ean snenssas a aeas eee eee ene 804 Cultersprevicauda 25. -.0.0- 2 22k ASOR ACY TbastconiOlapeete sk ys eae eee eee 588 LLEOTUSIMNENSISi pe Lo- san ee ce 433\2/s Cyrenellaejasssse pense aoe os eee 817 Mew SPeCies -2-5. 2-5. 489 | oblongars2s.263-o:0s aes oe 792 Culticulay mew genus. o...222..-225. 0... {Saab Curenellidswetact sce sees Seco 780, 817, 830 926 INDEX. ‘ Page. Page. GYTENOIG Goo. 2 fee sets wa Onis wise eee S170) “DLiOdouta seh as see cacek oe een ciae eos 292 GTVCTIGAN AS 7 sea loa ie -lteae 817. | -Diodontidies.< 22-2 ..-2-222.~ tener 361 GaIOOSSEUSIC tesa ee aeee soccer 817 | Diodontigrinus ---+-.--2.-2¢-.---2-=---=-- 361 Cupomtine- c= sseeee ere. a= as S170) DiOpsidss sa cjet sce ecto erete ee ates 655 AOViGaANA ese s= ew ea 817, 829, 833 Diplodonta.......---.-------- 791, 792, 813, 825, 830 Cyselurus......-.--2--------- 5222-2 seeeeee 351 aleuties..-se-tec. sae see ee 795, 833 Cystopteris bulbifera ....--.-----------+--- 642 new species....--.-- 820 APAMUNS - 52 )u sow neceae mies 642 Omlnisos-n.- att eae eens 796 MUNTANA acess ee sae cee 642 GANOCENG m5 Jose ee nee 794 Cytherea spherica ......-------------+---- 793 GHPOR eee esas eee ee 796 TPCT EN: ease ane eins 799 elevataiececc.a- 5s see eee 793 TUE EU GN ses eee onto arial l= 799 PADD sew tecaee seen ee ae 795 IDCONSPICUA 2} e = einne ee 796 ?Dactylopterus peterseni .......---------- 758 JapONICHe. == asee ae = 796 Dainemnanmseoe sec cosets Cee ewan 850 kisiwahensisi 24-086 s- eee nee 794 DainManihe be Gewee eso soe ees aes 876 | Tp INS see eer ee ae 792 Mig leis etek bere ee tence St koe: 499, 576,579 | motte, hes ee eee eee 794 Rone tee tae erat ea 499,579 | mnclenonmis scares ence 793 mysidis .-+--- Se en as eee een 499, 579 ODM GUE s sees ase eee eee 796 Dall, William Healey, Synopsis of the orbella: -8o5scessee-cee es 795, 797, 821 Family Cardiide and of the North pafagonicas -.--=---4-----=—- 794 Améerican Species ......-----.----------- 381 DH pues. eee 793 Synopsis of the Family Tellinide and DIBCEMSIS eee tose see 794 of the North American Species....- 285 ODUCZ TS ee see aa eee 794 Synopsis of the Lucinacea and of the DUN Cla tales: ore ose eas 793, 795, 796 American Species .......----------- ‘779 pUNchunellaics sass at 794 DRS Vel seas omalelne ese ey -aio 338, 741 semiaspera.......---- 792, 794, 796, 797 Dasyatis akajei..........-------------=--- 741 semirefiecta.-2 22. . sss <= --e 794 Inthe Seep aces ae eee ore 338, 741 semireticulata ....----------- 794 DasvlMONY aes - eae deena ene 589 BeMITUSOSH= sane eee nae 796 Decapterus kurroides.....-...-----:------- 352 SQUIGHILD oc cocee eee ne cane eae 796 TAUNTOWE Site -2ssee-se eee 795 Wekayl Seat eees sc sale r= = ee ian === = 745 SUDYUS OSA. copa = see eee eee 799 Delochochelia forresti.....--..----------- 503 tOrelliNe.t ones ase ene eee 793, 820 DMendryphantes* 5 o-- =. <2 << samme 587 Vel. BICUUIGR Ns eee ein 796 MUU Asie ee Foret ee = 587 tureida) 65 - eee seeee eee 795 TETANUS Nene = sabe ieee = 587 Und ataass: dees. Senet 799 MVE TIA ST SIC CULL Ate orm serene ete te mts ore reverie isieteee rays 644 VEL ses nebo eee eee 792, 795 punctilobulla:-.2-t. .------- 644 VilSTOMDORMN Aa. one oa ate mtn 794 Mentex SEUSCLUS 2h7- 22% = ieee = miele == = 355,746 | Diplodontide .-..------------- 381, 780, 791, 797, 830 WMS nGINUCWI ANS oe nse =a ee == elie 805 | Dipodide...-..-...--------------- 659, 661, 665, 666 WD GMLESSATI A= cee So oss nse ea alee 233 | Dipcena parvula...-.-.------------------- 590 amyrisella, new species ...--- 233 | new species. .....-.----- 584 Deptalia insularia..........-------------- 283 | Diptera in the U. S. National Museum, IDGrOtmemMass so 42 26 eae ae 394, 396, 406, 407 new, by D. W. Coquillett.......-------- 593 He OEMs eys-eina sect ieieiai=s 449 | Diptera ...-..--.----------------"--+------ 653 WExidsecs ihe eat sees ese see ae ae : 657 Systematic Arrangement of the Diagnosis of a new Species of Iguanoid Families, by D. W. Coquillett -. 653 Lizard from Green Cay, Bahama Is- | Dipus..-..-------- 659, 660, 661, 662, 663, 664, 665, 666 lands, by Leonhard Stejneger..-.....-+- ATT Wl WiSGOrs, aclck sete sa= o-oo ee ee at eee 384 Diaphanichthys brevicaudus.....-------- 847 | Discrepams.......-------------++---+------- 797 Diastodon unimaculatus ......-..-------- 359 | Dissosteira carolina...--.------------------ 431 Dicellomus; politus -.-..-----.=.--+-------- 688. | Ditrema leve.....-.---------------------- 358 Dicksonia pilosiuscula ......-...--------- 644 | POT MITC Rl easiest tert 308 PUMCHONAs ses omisnia seas 64441) Divancellassos.sseo== =e lm aes 797, 814, 815 Dictyosoma temmincki .......----------- 765 angulifera .........----------- 814 DiGaCtylOta ose. oe cn ee ome ine eee eae 228 dentate. --0.- sence tose eee 815 DIC GION Eten eee aint 228 eburmeas. ao seen eens ee nena 815, 816 Baim ere a sae serena misinintets =="n 228 OTN aia -se.2 se 2 See eee > 814 snellenella.........-.-------- 228 perparvula ........-.--------- 815, 832 PHO LO sos fee eee nnioe ase ae rere eiere siete 745 new name.......- $2) Dinocardium ~..... 0... 0. os< 360i = eae 384 quadrisulcata .......--------- 815 MODUAUM ise eee 386: li Wireidees ssteccce on se ee eee ae ee 655 Dinosaur, Stegosaurus marshi, from the Docosia obscura, new species...-.-------- 597 Lower Cretaceous of South Dakota, A longicornis, new species....----- 597 new, by Frederic A. Lucas...........-- 591 vittata, new species.........----- 597 INDEX. 927 Page. | Page. Wolchopodids es se. ease estes. 654, 655, 657 | Edotea triloba........................ 497, 544, 545 Wowacicardiume 5.22 223.2 Say eee 385 | Eels or Apodal Fishes of Japan, with Domai dent seat stn. ee Ful eae al 385 description of Nineteen new Species— WOM a CUA ea ie ce. Bee ay eRe) oe eter 291 Review of, by David Starr Jordan and Domaciocardinm fo --e5 ss ee 385 John Otterbein Snyder ................. 837 Donax martinicensis..<.......5.......... oe BGM eet. ee a. a Ue 814 WONGSOM phe ee ene 5) Beran 0 ct als Eee gl i Bad, so7 | Mlachistides = 2d 50. ete tl 235 DWorosomatidese wate cane dea 349 | Elapsopsis versicolor ..................... S71 DOCU OME Se He ap Rpt A) ee ean 328, 329,331 | Eleotris oxycephala...................... 37 AD TUSSE cae pee Hon Sheree NS Sa. Skt Deze MMliptotellinaice. bee See 290, 302 DTGsio Dini eae vas We te cae eeieaeend vs 618, 655 americana...__. 286, 294, 302, 316, 325 Dryomyza aristalis, new Species=se sees. 617 new species ._... 311 DD EVOD [OTIS eras aera soe be Phy Give 620, 638 DACLE CheReee eee Ewen ee 286, 302, 325 acrostichoides _............... 640 New species ___-...- 316 ACU Catalan 2 ese ee aera 641 | Elopichthys bambusa .................._. 488 Warabrauniies sss... Baily pL ODS sehen ees Ye heen a eet 847, 848 califormica 2... -_.. 641 |" Embiotoca smitti... 2.00.22) 2. 358 RCUMON aris = -eieeweceeete ns aS 639% || Embiotocidy 72 25.c..c Se Bene 358, 752 DOODEI Re tad: ue ue 640 | Emmelichthys Schilégelii = 25 oes ue ye 357 ID VEVUUTDAT Sans see Ae NS GAT EAM Dee Pest Weert es dre GREG seus 654 contermina strigosa ......._.. 6087) Eampidides’. 5.8 en ea Oa ee 609 CHS EAL SIes Secep 2 meta tie eeae tr = 3 639 | Empis tridentata, new species:.245_.5 7. 609 clintoniana, --2c2..2-- 639| | Enchelycephali 2. 2.:..2..222...:........ 840, 887 Marginalis---.-...2.5. 639 | Enedrias nebulosus....................... 376, 765 Gil eitaita oo seep PAC Nea tt aed 640) ||: Engraulidids./.:2 54.4. 22° 204, 490 MKS eS | eee eo terme yh Pe 639 | Engrauliscommersonianus............__. 748 fl OTC Saas cn eae eae ety GS2) PROM VSG eee alse ta: Sacee cte 55 WN See 666 fra OT AM Shes ws sac eee Mast ae 639))| PHOZapUS 2oce esate wre oe ee 666 - Pollan Rese cee eee ee 639 | Epeira arizonensis........................ 585, 590 Celsatasee hone ex Sook 639 Conchlen: ese ee ey eee oe 585 HONG TANVe Gay ee os eee a aeed wee 640 SSMU A 2F Seek eco as sae aetna te 585 Le Chibi Sees ayo eer aon 641 labymintheass sacs skeen natn ts 585 OL SS TAS afore ease se os 6389 PROM Dias. cia ane a sees haunted 585 NANO MME et steraetos a esse ee ol Oe OSS siE peli dase ie Sasa Sas Oak eS are 585 MAT ey es weterse i ok 640 | Epeys montosus ..-.......... G2 ore 545 TGV a GOT SIS epee rerigee te ete 638 TrulObusis 2 Peates) 24 aoe 545 movieboracensis 2.22.5. 5.5.5. 638 | Eperlanus chinensis..:.... -........._... 491 OLCODECRISsacisns yess aa: cee 638s eH pRy dri datas 8 5555) soa. Meee aeieeietn 655 DALCDS aa Aes sca ee iy 638 | Epicaridea or Bopyroidea.........__. 499, 500, 576 PAULL es taps 2) a Oe ey tes 6405) Mpicrates inornatus-....2...2.... 20.) > 469, 470 MIST a ace UtA =e eee e ee ee 640 subflavus, new Species euenae 469 SImatul et re seer eas eee ae S355 e EIDUM Cin gy eas ae ce ak as een a ne 806 SPUN Sai seers ees he Sel 640 califormicuse =: se seeale eee 813 dilatata. saya ss: 6405) piueph elussalksanas 5. snte a oe 354 , intermedia........_. 640 | fasciatus: 5s.fs- ss ee 394, 747 CNEL PtCRiSe ss 222 oe 638 | latitasciatusy=-+4 5 ennas ee 354 EUG MN Hieerts see Reo eee 642 | octocinctus.... 2. 2.2..022... 747 LTO eh ope eet ote oneal 639 septemfasciatus ... .... 354, 747, 751 Daymecniayjaponica... 22.0... _...1 | 359, 756 SUSUIIE 2. sae yale es 747 Dyar, Harrison G., Life Histories of some trimaeulatists. sts esas eee 352 North American Moths................. 200 11 -Bproboscideays\.2- oss. ee 653, 654, 655, 656, 658 Dy WOMIMEN EG ates PEELS 496, 532, 534 HLA CIELG Cero 52 coo 555 sue ee 738 angulata, new species ....__.. 296; 0040! TMptatre Me: ya. se n25 9 es ee 735, 736, 738 benuuuidlensistee a0 sss BUG; OS4 a | MEYDLALTC LC) ae a5 etae so ee eee 736, 738 Dynatosoma thoracica, new species. :.... 098) Eptatretidte 2.2.55 4.52es 0 en hel 728, 729,738 Eiptatretussss qs-ss see ae 728, 729, 737, 738 HCHCI Skewes seeesen ae om ae int Sree 847 burserisis- sees oe 729, 730, 731 HCHemei dl ey secs sett ees ek FS er 759 dom Delite ase 54 eee 737 HCHO ieee a7 eepan eee rees = a ley 578, 885,.890' |) Eptratretus: 2.2.2. 4: 0222-22-c2 22000, 738 AIOD LOC OM MEA as ne = esd NLios S86) SHC uIseiacecsseieee anne na. | rin 620, 624, 645 Geli ceili apes se Ss) ae pea SSC PNCUISeL UTIs eer a jee ee 645 kishinonyei, new SDECIEgs=ee yas 855, 890 DEVENS Sys Jos eee eee 645 AVEIBLC Dra bays | sie seh due alg ag es at 885 HUVIRG Ee Siace eee 645 HOLES a eyelet aren SME AO ah uee | 497, 538, 544 hyem plese iaxt eres hee 645 RC UDA tatarce cite si SS ear hee aed 497, 544 LeeviP at Ui tos ae se oe 645 TA OTULOS RE roa poe te eats aE 497, 544, 545 HII OSUIM seen ne seen eee 645 928 INDEX. Page. Page. Bquisetum littorale: ssJscescessesesnes= === 645 | Eupseudosoma involutum................ 258 ; Me CAMs Sees eee eae 645 var. floridum - 258 palustrel-< tseae ae ses ee 645 MIiVen wis. c2ogcocee eee 258 PIBCCNRG se teeoemsses seas seaeo 645 | Euryenemus scitulus, new species .....-- 608 ramosissimum..........-:---- 6451) Barycope. 2. > 420. senc-ae nee eee 498, 557, 558 TODUSHUI I~ =< sc cos eeoee eis 645 | earibbea Benedict, new species 498, 558 SGIEPOIMCS — - So o- comer eee 646 | COTHUtA 2 cee eae eee eee 498, 558 SylvableuUmM 2-2 ease eeeee ae 645 PTAC WIG oer eee eee eee 560 Pelmateia..- 335 ope ee 645 TODUSEARE =: sce eee eee 558 Variera tum 22.2 y5 see seer 646 || ury diced .22e.. as ee 495, 510, 515 Biqud apy Challe. se = se eee == 747 | CODVEX9) <= ase eee eee 495, 515, 516 SG ole eee ates renee lair = 871 spinigeravscess a. o4-ce eee 495, 515, 516 TINS esos ay Se pe aR Sais o S71 |) Burymyctera erudelis;-.- 2225-2. sae 879 mrechtitesinieraciioka. .25-4-5--- 2-6 s| Melaniella ssc sn<~ 55 --ccneeeeeee eee 792 Buchorewtes_ i252 sek sekeeee 659, 661, 664, 665, 666 Candeana 2. )|\SE1lOSUS) 223. o-.Meets sree eee cee 824 STMG TUG: wore 25 OMe pees AGS) i) UO DTIS Go Sciecee cle ot acme mi ee eee eee 816 var. A. granulate 5.5. s5055 s2he 452 MALNA cee Se Sek eee 816 bernhardus......-...- 452, 454,456,458 | Fishes collected in Japan by Keinosuke var. B. granalata- Otaki,and by the U.S.S. Albatross, with denticulata .... 452 | descriptions of Fourteen new Species, A var. B. granulata- list of, by David Starr Jordan and John denticulata? ... 456, 458 Otterbein Snyder: asc. aee ees 335 ; var. C. spinimana 463 | Fishes collected in the River Pei-Ho, at patagoniensis:..\5--2e-2s5---- 465 Tientsin, China, by Noah Fields Drake, WhiGianus'\.2> cee heeeesaee 452 with descriptions of Sever new Species, BUPOMACEN THIS). < <2 22. n>- a -eeee pee ee 755 List of, by James Francis Abbott......- 483 UPSCUGOSOMY s-\5-0<.\00 sosnaelesscee cee eo 259. |) Bistulariadmmaciiate =A. ceeoneeee ees 350 Horidunie.o_ -e= 879, 880, 882, 889 Ginellapmelanichthiyss-- 22-0) .2 cos. sce 354 SIMIULISS =. Fs 522208es sees 348 DURCIAtA Ts eemsaseh | de see eee 396, 752 GisoOpterisipalmatays--522--vac—. - ee 62 7a ela brocestume jess) s-eens ee enose eee eee nee 587, 588 GIOSSODIUS linearis se55-25- ease seen eee H2on |p Hadriantus schucherti.ss-.---2esse-ess.-e" 328 Glyphidodon ccelestinus...............22. "55 || Hadrotettix ...02.....-...--.- 894,395,396, 4240495 Glyptias, new subgenus .................. 675 STAC IS! phe seeee ee eae ee 423 Gilly ptonotusicoeCuss -o---s4-c22sesene ose 539 | trifasciatasasscos assesses 424 Rai Lee eee oe arn ewe In NETcemiulidicc vse a ae eee ee en lee es 355, 751 URES ey sare oh reciente ene H3Gi|| “HASNSMES Eo. 22s jee sees oe See ee 728 Guaphaliumalipiminmyss2 2525-7 cascc. ee G609n | eealselunusiburgeniaas oe one eee see aoe 748 hy perboreuMls=-2. 5-25 22. Tile ||| Salachoeresibleekeriz.- 5. ses acest ese 309 Gan auh Meese a tee ems ie tte he ee 494, 506, 507 poecilopteruss=2-—-sc2 esses eee 359, 756 COnIMAtr errata cise serclae eerie 494, 506, 507 pyrrogrammus............... 359 CRIStHlasemea se se cise seat enacts AQAE 506 | EalISIO 6 Lae aaa = nese aac eae eeee 259, 268, 270 elon patgieneeee aces sccccer cn ae 494, 506, 507 CUBENSIS Mee ee eee eee ee eee 268 Gmvabhii Ge asec ce n= se crac a ce cee ene 494, 505, 506 laqueatac 3: <2o eases ssoeas 268 Gnathophis heterognathus ............... 847 Strigosay. Sons oes acer 268 Gnathopogon elongatus.............:.... B43 PH aMOMm eas cess nossa ssescescne sees sees 858 Gnorimoschema, new genus.............. DOT mle Maplarmadilotesscesssscereceocee see 499, 570,573 terracottella, new spe- monocellatus..........-.- 499, 573 ClESRE Soe ees oe 997 | Helicolenus albafasciatus ....-..........-- 365, 757 Gopudwerrecras crease ee ses escdose doe 371, 491, 759 dactiyvlopterusy-- sees see's 365 Gobiorbiwsean=sens 2 snore scchose sees 336, 341, 342 MIATIMOLACUS sas 455 ce le esee ee COON CD a MEGWESPCCIES eterna essen eee 340 | Helmichthys draphanus ................- 847 MIISUVECC CS ease eae <2 sence nne SBOMSA OS 4 on MELE IMAL CHIS aaa ainscta)ea aloleielarsieiels ae tetersialaie 848 ME WESC CLES Sai ao ste ere 342 OUT C LA UUS ora terctatetslacetatelaeteleiete’=sials 847 MPMI See see ee eee secon AS Tim selelomyzidesce. s2 tasccecascemeeare teres 614, 655 MTU Sse wre See a cine a oe AS Te leemMiashers sce a.cke sess beenseee te me tose 328, 329 roca NV. volo xxii) 9 930 INDEX. Page. Page. Hemibarbusbarbvsi- 26-0. . eceeeeerene 340; 487 4] Hoplobrotulacas.c-.-2- ae eee 765, 767 Bemic¢ardia 22.52 .c10- lose see eee ees 389 AYIA s a= ears ee anes eee 767, 768 Hemicardium: 2. 2222-2 a8 ee eee 354,385 | Hoplognathus krusensteri................ 756 Hemiculters..- sees. - Sige cit oe 484 | Hoplostethus japonicus ................-.. 744 Hemiculierellascheeseca see soe eee 484 ||: Biyalina) 5.22 3055. ee eee 396 Hemid ones 2 besa cb ooseceese sree eee 385 TOU Drow cetse eee ano eee 398, 404 Hemiramphid@ 4 a2. s22.s2censa dace nese 301; 490" | Hymenophyllaces 2 .- =. ss ee see eae 626 Hemiramphus intermedius ............-- 490.) Hy peroantiins: 7-6 See aa oe 727, 732 Menopomusimuticus's: 22222 ssa. eee eee 005’: Eby perotreti: 4622+. 2-5 eee - ete 727, 728 WEICOENISS Benes 2 sastee see ae 505: | EEviperotretes:: sso Soe ee eee eee eee 735 Heptatrema: $2... 2: ..es2.522 48-85 729, 735, 737,738 | Hyphantria cunea.......... elec ceeeeeeee 263 Hepratremes 22sc.5 cb serene ae scee seen 129,738" | EXYPOCETE) cases eee a a sece eee eee eee 653, 654 Heptattemus:=- Sash cc ete aoe eS fat, fioo.|, Eypolepis caliiomita- 22°2---65. eee 632 Heptratemarcirhatum: 222-222. 2-.-4--225 729,731 | Hypoprepia packardii=>.----=s4-995-eesee 266 LGRG ie tems ea pes eee as Sou aes Se SC Sees 805" |) Eeyporhamphus/sayanl 4-2-2225 === eee B51 AQADSODI 5.55 ess s5a. assesses Se 807 | Hypsinotus benhatatate.................. 399 HUTANWUS 2 = Joc sass eee Seas aod ae 808 NOUCOGYING 2224 22s cee: Bee oe Sa 808%) Tanthe. 2o222 42255 sete aceee en aoeue ee 498, 553, 554 MAZE PAN CUS) 155 -sees ee eee eee 811 SPECIOSA’ 25 oc weno soc poeeea se reeese 498, 555 pensylVanicus 22s. 20 eee eases 807 SPINOSi:.,. 2.3 oo 20 = See eee 498, 555 miehthoreni so. ss02s4 ase eee 810, 827,832 | Ichthyophis marmoratus ......-.:-...--.. 886 Sombre brensisia- 5. ais eieewes eee 808 pantherinusisee: 55. 2a shee 886 Hermit Crabs of the Pagurus bernhardus figvinwUs 223 specs eee eeaee £86 type, by James E. Benedict -..-..:.....- 451 | Ideobisum threveneti ......-. TEatece ees 588 Hermit Crabs (Pagurids), four new sym- Vdotéass 2-225 Seca cer sence set eoee eee 497, 538, 539 metrical, from the West India region, ACUMUIN ALA 2. = oe yee ee ae 540 by James BE Benedict:.--- 22225. Jsas5 771 alginicay 02 aes. eee eee 541 LCLOUV IIR So ote sasesckeh coceeeeeeeee ae 289 Shim aba s ea ee eon tase ean eee tee 541 SEMIteRtA eG sete aaee secs 289 Dai 20. Phe ee ea aeee eee 549 erpetoichthys-- 25 -2--.22662 sc seese seer 871 baltich, sc 2s--e eo eee 540 ornatissimus ..-.. rape ee 871 pasteri" 442322324 -425 5 Ao eee 540 FLCSPETINUS 220522 ene Se oostese tate nacene 656 PICUSPIGA) 7.5. 6s e eae eee p42 IGSPErORNIS yee st eee seas hee oer ee one 331 brevicauda 22. 2252 See eeeesse 540 Heterodontidte S: = 2: sop sss cae haee Sah oee 336 COR CH Ss ene ee ere eee eee 539 Meterodontus japonicus: --4.-.=25-2<-2 =-- 336 COMpPAClae << - a ee ae od1 Histeromeuridse. ooo acs ness oosd- ce etene ee 655 entomon)<45.2 25-64 -ceck eee eosese 540 ieterotanais:< <2 S363 ede eee 494, 501, 503 filifORMIS! 52 - cesses see 543 TMC Ole Shs sees sae 494, 508 ACTORGILE: =o: snap ee eeee ee 540 Hexaerammidme es os. hs osteceeeeeeee ee 367 marina. 222 sonches eee oe 497, 539, 540 Hexagrammos lagocephalus ............. 367 MATMOLath 22sec eee 542 octogrammus.......- wists 367 metallica. J35c- aus eae ee 497, 539, 541 Ofaikeit 2. 4S See: 367, 757 podulosa=s 22222. ca! ae eee 541 SUperelliosus. 2. wees ee 367 peloponesiaca.~ 2.20225. oe oe 541 Hexamitocera flavida, new species. ...... 612 phosphorea. >.< - 3. 22-22. ee see 497, 539, 541 RD PISCUS is 2 ss ets se oes Set eee 394 pulehran.2s- 5 5-24 -S Ase eee 542 EMI POPOSCIO wesc ceistaee eee tee 693, 654, 655 pusella tas. > 5 sc eae canes 540 HMisSUObranGhUS se sears seee see eee 844, 846, 887 TOG ULOSA 2 = ere s-seb nee eee 542 bathybius:. --cias 650 | Jerboas and Jumping mice, A comparison TUL Bee eerse te eee rene Sos soeysp< 651 of the Osteology of the, by Marcus W. TMCS Seer ee cece eet. oa coen 651 TUVOUS Te eo messes ee ee 659 OC CIC EMGMIS GAs eee se Sey tcc weisis 6495 it Joammisielll swe fase: Sace ccee eo oaeeer eee 791, 792, 793 OTE WOU sec eee eee Secon 651 | Jordan, David Starr, and John Otterbein PAUPCLCUL Apes cote Ae ceases oeiece 649 Snyder, A review of the apodal fishes DY PAN Se Oe ere cree aise eee Ne <7 650 or eels of Japan, with a description of SL ATL eee eels =. apo hres sie Ossie 649 mineteen Mew, SPCCIES: <= 4. «95-5 see ssesee 837 Var Canagensise.<==--<-= 650 A review of the cardinal fishes of SACChATAtAM ree casssss eek os 52 >> 649 APA se. 2 oat emcee eee epee 891 ALMEeTIS aS aseeccs cece. 649 On a list of fishes collected in Japan TEGLOULAtOmse eee ence 649 by Keinosuke Otaki, and by the SUS OTe eer icn ioe o5= sence ee cicclse 651 U.S. 8S. Albatross, with descriptions TUCKENMOAM ema saan. cee =e = iss 649 of fourteen NewiSPECleSs-2--e as-ee 335 DOLE aISs sce ajerns = 552 649 | Jouy, Pierre Louis, Fishes collected in UM GET WOOGIE sem =. Nea Setabeseeee 651 1883 and 1885 and preserved in the U.S. PSO GATT Apes ee Aaa: naa eias cieeiawebae ene 384, 385 National Museum, with descriptions of Isopods of the Atlantic coast of North six new species, by Jordan and Snyder. 739 America, with Descriptions of new and little-known Species, Key to the, by Har- Wan aki ana pO: soso e Seen ce omnes e ace 850 icp ChardsOMcmarcesecica-e sions AG SoM AMC ie re Sossn ecm reece reece cone eee 379 932 INDEX. Page. Page. GATOS" waczecabascennanannaas oc cece eee a79)| Datilus\jsponicus. 2.22... cesscseceseese=ne 745 bicGloratus..as--snes sae saeeeee 769 SINENSIS: Fos Vue ee eae meee 369, 745 ME WAPONMUSs Asc cc -conce eee senses 336 ||| Latrettesiensiferus. 2... o-- 5 ssn nceeeees 579 SOuUtiHehe to. as n5s toe eS geet eee 79 | Laverna heptathalama..................- 238 Keinosuke Otaki, and by the U. S. S. Sabalellaincc24.ces4Go. eee eee 238 Alabatross, with descriptions of fourteen eachia ¢ranulatas 0-6 504 see oeeeeeeee 550 new species, A list of Fishes collected in Weider soe. 6 es ad eee ae ee cee 499, 577,579 Japan by, by David Starr Jordan and Gistortac:.2.2teeacdssacsesr esses 499, 579 John: Otterbein Snyder.......----<2---- $3)..,| heiocephalus... .:=--.-2eseasse cc asec pee eee 471 Wellin tANSV. CISA os-+ eek neecsecle esse See 787 Carinabus .- ccse keene sae eee 493; | Leiognathussecasste-s-ceeneoeese eee 747 KG SUIT TUN Serer ome ence ea acne ete 848 argentaium: esse ee eee 747 WonOShilOess. sc o--seers cone mee shes 349 muchalle: yo: 32t se. ees 353 IRQHOSINUS c= hone = 6 <=35. sos ec ase eee eee 864, 866, 888 PUNCtRGUS = oeq-ese-ae ee eee 349, 748 Colupbriusy]- jesse ee eee 866 Keutoreina cingulate: ...-s.o7-ssceee seer 695 lacepedii< #.. sic. soos uececesen 866 RATCINIENSIS: - 232.2 cotaeescene 695 SCMICiNetUS|> seers. sae tae 866, 867, 888 Key phosideeis. ses. .cmsee-seceeas-eses seeeeo 356;°752 9|"ejae ct: 1 Sosens-cc kee eee eres peseaee ee 599 The jagonais. sccm ee see 851, 853 Lancelets, Hag-fishes, and Lampreys of MOTVigsi? - ose Sees eee eee 847 Japan, with Descriptions of two new miyriaster: 23225 ceeseense 347, Species, A review, by David Starr Jor- 748, 848, 849, 852, 853, 855, 888 dan and John Otterbein Snyder........ 725 NOOLOZICRUE- eee ee eee 851 LAPSUG...oc.022c0 so semeecuceeasekeeatetetees 794 MYAEPOMIIe Sacks coe wees 851, 853, 888 bariniaggirectat 20.2. be cua. vaneetecesnae 585 new species. .... 853 ihatebrus oculatis'soc22- hae. e sees cena 910 retrotinctus, new species. 848, bateolabrax japonienus:.3. 2.25 teen 353 853, 854, 888 Lathrodectus mactans..............-.---. 584 riukinanus, new species. . 848, Datifasciataeroup :-.5,.022.ncsenseceeeuses 401, 427 852, 888 Ibatilus'argentatus.:<..c.cccececsccsccccus $69: 745: || ‘Leptochelia 2=2-t2e cas .cceseaseeeeeeee 494, 501, 508 | | | ——————— ee ——s ee — + J ee Se INDEX. 933 Page. Page. Beptochelia aleicola.. 2.2: .---=--2225--- SOS eimienull sy (2) LAV OSMacme seems a eme ee se eee aae 675 GUDINGa sees gis cese eae 494, 508, 504 hawkell. S52 55. a2.05s0 eee 695 CCW ARASIy He eee eee a 504 (@)tlens) : 22 scccecco.8 aoe eee 685, 686 (2)ilumin. 92-32 = aoe: 494, 508, 504 petalon: s cca. scenes eee ee 684, 695 limieola)s2assc sss as = = = 503 FOURUI, - 555.55-eaccsen seuss eee 695 TPAD NORD hee AS OS aR RSE 494950500) ainguleliay 2.2. 133.2 ¢0.535-eeoeee 683, 691 TAP AK poss isiscs sites eee aS si 494, 503 ACUIMINAL as422 es eee eee eee 687 SUVISMYd esac fa. sce ees ee 494, 503 | CONCINT sso ee ae eae 685, 686 entopnathiae oo7-se.c. --2---2-222--= 814 Caleullsseessess ss sseissaee ae ee 796 Piles ae ee ea ee eee ee 802 Ca ONG CH ee aaa een ees ea 806, 813 pillars: a see eee 815 CanCellaris)-e- 54552255 oaee oe 810 PisUM (tS 2.6-5-eee eee 806, 815, 816 CADE eee cone eee eee ae 796, 802 DISCS), ects ee eae a oe eee 807 CariD@ar <2 os.oseeeee eae see ae 814 pulchella-2-ss ae 298, 814, 816 Chemmnitzil 3-32-23 ss ese eee 815 punctatalesssasseene see eae 796, 797, 801 CEG Wasp eee eel 806 pusilla oye oe. seo eee ee 799 CATRYEOStOME) 2 Glace a eee 802 PACIBNS) 25s: 225 Sone ee ee eee 806, 810 columibella:.:.2.. 2 4.5.2-2-5sce-ec6 807 Tadiats 2 2.5. ea: ae Seas epee 810 commutata :2.5 252 tec eteseeees ae 815 Tawa? 0-20 fac Sees see eee 809 Coucentricas=.3~...) eee 908, 913 komukiss;ceeseeeee ee 860 Melanthera deltoidea.s....2 5-22 5-2-2...025- 282,"| “Mongarochi > 25.503 --0. Soe ee ee 870 WerIsGa. Secs. Sos Schon ee eee ee 290 | Monocentris japonictss..-22-t-225--5---= TAT SOC UUISt rete <8 Oe oe eee 293 | Monoprion maculatus............... re 894 enystallina.7 scence 286,295, 002, Sl1; 020. | MoOnoOptendm® ... 5... 2 eee eeeeeeee see 838,887 TLECHIVIS sc 2t ns. Cos 5 eee eee 301. | Monopterus 22-925. vet cose eee 838 NAME ACA 5 << eee ee ee 301 albus WoadSb: 5 eo ence 838, 887 / INDEX. 937 Page. Page. MOnOpLEKUS CINCTEUSE. .cec5ceceocec seco - 839 | Mureenesox cinereus ............- 348,857, 858, 888 NelVOlUS sf oyacigseiss tose esse 839 HAM CONIeee ees tees eee 857 JAVAMCNSISSa5-25505.-25 5226-4 838 singapurensisi: sees. sees oe 857 FAV OMOWN a. aite sas See asses 838 LMCUSPLORtaeeee eee eeer sees 857 HSS Sectie ee sect eee acto sae Soom pe MuuTcen ChithiySas. assess c ee eee eee eee 861, 888 THTAEIMOTAOUS|cjon- see sac sc c~s.= 839 aoki, new species. ..... 861, 863, 888 (?) xanthognathus ......-.-- 839 LYMMOPterus).-.cscseee see 861 VUOTUCACULA osic tatewiticieeisie's1sseimist acess sc ecck 785 haitiesch. asec eee 861, 863, 888 VOT PU a peer piece « aoekicees caste 876, 877 MEWiISPECIES ace ass ote 862 Mb breVisitamemes hese % sar ctiedan 877 MACTOPLELUSi == -s.255-05- 862 9 SVN CO) em an) =i= =: or eee rece 839, 877 owstoni, new species... 861, 862, 888 Moringuide .......... Rel ee rene ae 841,876,889 | Mureenide................ 348, 841, 877, 878, 879, 888 Motacilla leucorhoa......:.----..-------- A7SvAOu|s Murcenoblennas s45. 22 sscecteesenssele 731, 886 CRUATEN Cee Pee eee see nace 4790) Miursen opsisthelenare us = 2se-ssscee sae. eee 878 MI OLA Ele een tecse 478 OGellatUstassee-@ ss ocse eee eee 871 Moths of the Superfamily Tineina from MAT PIN A bees sce see eee 872 Florida, New species of, by August Busck 225 evi CWlAaTIGt = ase tae a ae 882 Moths, Life histories of some North Ameri- MUNI Gee asenasccdtacsecehecoese 660, 662, 663, 664, 665 ean, by Harrison G. Dyar ....-.-.-.---- Dee | pe MUUS Vaers ataratn= a)n\ci Jat see eioe Selcine aye nee 662, 663 Ma eilehesm atochilus! saa. sce=2 Sessa ees Sol IMUSCA ie sic Seas 5 clos celeb a seoeiscs cd neeeese 657 5 PONT CUS Seana Seema Oe ee oid MENUSCIOcces 2 otren ste UA oncce ease seater e 655, 657 JOYNER oa aasen kee Seeeeeesec eases pole wMMscoidsdiptera sss. ccc asses ssosc2 soos 654 OQUS Pt eee anaes secs cnn task ates (Aaa We Muscoidea t= 225.2 sash Joond ste eee 655, 657 Mpa hen ae ie secession ell aeciocioce eee tine Sola ea MEI SCULUS s<2 Seeks e ae ae sen eee eae eee 289 INT A gers 2 ate meee yaee ices cn seelis eae © SOSn ee Minstelushm anaZzonsss sons. eet ee 336 Min USHO AT PALUS ss ee oace= = se Seeks -6-5 5 ae ee 630 Nelphevenrolimi=.--2 s- q20- 2-472 eseer 262 ferrugines, 2a: as-22-02s-ece ee 629 GOMHMISS eee eens esetonees 262 BTA I 3505 as a see ee ee see 630 Nem estrimigdie =. -o22222252-ethss ct. 655, 656, 658 hookenlss. 53S 630 Memipterus SiMeNnsis.....=---2---25-4----- 355, 746 lémmonis.5455344 eee 630 VITPALUS see sea eee re 746 mealleyis senses acne ee ee 630 INemOCaTCIUM ose. 22sec eee eae 385 MEW DELLYIts sce eee 629 NEMOCETA ces een setae 653, 654, 655, 656 TAGS ee ae te 630 BOM AlAs 2-5. esa gaao eases 658 var. dealbata.......... 630 WELD once ones etree ace eee 658 Patlyl so eee eee 629 INGO DY tDIteS Sasso. eee ee eae ee 765, 767 schafineriss-.e 0.) koe 630 Neoditrema ransonneti........-..-------- 752 Sintiata, oi. eee eae 629 Neoglaphyroptera beringensis .......---- 599 éenerd S352 eee 630 Neomurzna nigromarginata-ocellatus -.. 87/9)! Nudipranchiata ss... es-c5s eee 816 Neoperciss. 3-4-2520 sae scot eee eee Oo.) Nita uneagic est coe es = one eee oe nae ee 729, 730 mUltifasciata 22-. -<--- == nan 369)" Nyetenibidee: Js2- =: -sscsess=ee an eaes 653, 654, 655 BEXTASCIATA. - 0. J 5.00 eis c/sinsciemass 758 Neotanaisic® — 5-0-4. -5-5 05 sce eaectoe 49455015504" |) Obliqusaysaeeeee teen eeeen eer eee eee 800 americanus. .--.------ Ste tete 494,504 | Obolella, subgenus Glyptias; Bicia; Obo- Nephrodium acrostichoides ........-..--. 640 lus; subgenus Westonia; Cambrian HOTMIGANUWIMN S.-2 sees =e eee 639 Brachiopoda, with Descriptions of new TAOS TOM aeolian eee 632 Species, by Charles D. Walcott.......-.- 669 punctilobulum™=>.------s-=- 644 | Obolella.....- 670, 672, 673, 678, 682, 683, 684, 685, 695 INEPHTOLG PIS t52== 22-5 sea ee een erin erties 642 emibigua co ss eceeers soe eee 673 BCWlA pe eeee acca eee 642 Atlantica sss. ='oere eee 673, 674, 685 piserratas: -=\s sss een sae 642 Chromaticar..ots-nen esse eee 673, 674 COGN EN oe soso ssasese5- 642 cingulate .. sh.cotassease see 673 PNG pil GU anette a i ea 238 CINCE!. S35. Soren ehee Seee eee 673 apicialbellla. 2.2 -222-se sacs = 238 COC ata ews eee 673 condaliafoliella, new species -. 238 crassa.... 672, 673, 674, 676, 677, 684, 685, 695 myricafoliella, new species. -.. 238 Var: Clongate sence eee 673 Narocila.--2- ¢s2-.-c6ss8 ee eases 496, 525, 527 desiderata <2 eee 673 AEWUMIN GE 25252 ls soso eee 496, 527 desquamata/s5.5. eee cote ere : 673 AMUN A soe ces eee eee 496, 527, 528 Gisedides: ioosSok peas eee 673 Nerophis pelagicus-...---2-<-2--e-p-csebe 744 TAVOSR. Sn eee 673, 674 GHASTONIE = oes eee 847, 859, 875, 888 (glyptias)faivosticna-ncece see ee 670, 675 melanwmimMs: ae sees 859 pemmass. shee nee gees 673, 677, 678 PALVICEDS ==. cece easees eee 859, 888 pemmule.sos5 ean aeeeecaeecees 673 Nettastomidse 2.25.25 is2sss-ee $41, 859, 861, 888 TOs Sk Cee ee ee 673 Neuroctena fumida, new species ......... 616 lindstromil: 5 -cc.cee: ase ae ae 673 Nevada, A new fossil Lyrinoid, Leuciscus new species .....-.--- 674 tumeri, from the Mioceng of, by Fred- TIN e sc eee 673 eric A. Lucas 2. 25 sae cote ees tape ceed 333 Misera, cece Roe 673 New Diptera in the U. §. National Mu- mobergi, new species........ 673, 674, 675 seum, by D. W. Coquillett.<5-.2.-22-<~.- 593 NANG 36222 oe as eee eee 673 Niphon spinosus-:2 25 2..<2) 15-2 es sere 353, 750 Ntiday seen eee 673 North America, The Wheatears (Saxi- pectenoides 2252). tse aaa 673 cola) occurring in, by Leonhard Stej- Polite 1.c5o-4atvses ee eee 673 MICS ED AF aaa ccicnite sen wee ese ee ee 473 Pretviosa = << 2- ~ oe ee eee 673 North American Moths, Life Histories of ULE ss wine oe et ate atta 673 some, by Harrison G. Dyar............. 225 pristinu’:227 oA cece eee 674 North American Species, Synopsis of the trANSVEISAs 1 tes A Ree eee 673 Family Cardiidz and of the, by William Obolidee .28-<. ee oe ee eee 681 Healey Dall 2222. 05.0<% Rose cc ee eee 381 Obolus:-.2-5 25-2 670, 672, 678, 679, 680, 681, 682, 683 a ee a ee ae INDEX. 939 Page. Page Obolus (acritis) antiquissimus...........- 68356945)" Gidipoda placida 2----------ss-c-eeeaee- = 411 (Acritis?) rugatus, new species ... 669, 694 Stramines:-..cce -s2-c2e5— 451, 458, 460, 463 adiantifolis 2-- = eee ee ee 627 barbiger: -2%.<>.¢5222 52sec eee 451, 466 pitermbtge o>. soos eee 625 bermbardus=<--o- eee 451, 452, 454, 455, CinnamOmieks ae een cere 627 458, 461, 463, 464, 465, 466 Claytomianne *e-nass eee ee 627 var. C. spinimana... 463 InteMmiuptia hc - ona eee eee 627 type, The Hermit LANCEO MED S285. - e sees 626 crabs of the, by Danae yee eo es 625 James E. Benedict. 451 MAtricEric= | bo en eee ae 625 krGyerl.-22- Cage see eee eens 455 | | INDEX. 941 Page. Page. ParurusioChoOtensis:=-5--=------25.22¢ ADIPADS 40o I bbeliccd, leXNOSa > ..-er eaeee ee nee 868 Fhilipertis: viminglis=- oc. o.0--eeceseos 264).| Pisonia‘aculestas os =. osaae-n- see eee 229 RUNS Fe -2 Beas As sole nao ce Soe ce sae 784 ODUGIST As aS. oa Sees 230 PHilGArOMUS eee beet eee eee 587 ||, Pisoodonophis. es osse ses -4-— ees 864, 868, 889 MUTCOMIS! SF. eee see ae se eee 581, 586 DOLO Sees soho eeeeeees 868 Mmanreinenuse-.-—5-—! se eee 590 CaNeriVOrus..=5 5. = -2-s4=-2= 868 new species... 586 TASCIAbOS |< esene esas 867 PHUWOSCIO eee eee ee eee eee 498, 562, 564 zophistius, new species.... 868,889 IDE VICOIIS! 2 2-2 498564560. Placiocard ium seececse~ s3-aee eee eee 383 MUSCOMMMD 2c oeisie was. coe aoe eee 565 | Plalyloma brachypterum................. 634 MPTICANIS S25. 55305. e schemes 498: 564,565 | Platichthys stellatus ................:-... 37 richmondi, new Species.......-.. 498564 |) Platurusfasciatus --- 0-5 -222 Sect meeeee ees 871 TIPUAIA =< sds - voapeeeecetecee 498,564,565 | Platycephallide, ©... 22. sj22 seen aes eens 368 BPINOSA. fe ck a ae eee 498,'564, 565° | | Platycephalus.- <2 - 2355.5 on. pee ene 368, 748 fhuberculate «seen ee ee 568 Crocodilus!=-s25. =e a-eeeee 368, 748 PAUGULTIA TIP RTIA sao. ano eee eee 75 PAvUICIT meee na abodce ae 368, 748 Phlebodimls ost oa ee ee ee ees 629 GM GICUS =p ona qeeee cee 368 QUICUMS cee ee 629 INELMUS. S555 sce easace sees 748 Phiyctiderma Se5.-00-2- ee eee 792 | ANSIQIALOD S522 >. eee 368 Crelates. cocec. Seaton eee 796 || Platycercomysit- sc... eae 699, 661, 665, 666 TOLER Fao Fete mecca lao ce 794:|: Platyeobiusi< 232 --ss- n= eke sete eee aeeeee 763 punchaTellas cesses 704. | Platypezidee 32s. cloen coe ees ees 654, 655, 657 semiasperasss2se~ ee see ece 794. \| PlatyUWyra... cis. nc ccs Sows e donne e aera eee 656 semireticulata.-.-sce-2 eae 794 inops, new species .............- 594 SCMITUP OSA <... St eese eee 796. | Plecia ses. sone Ria ek aeee peer aise 656 BOVOlsss sh ocho aoe eee 794 | Plecoglossus altivelis....--.-.--...----2.- 349, 744 PhO Cidte 22 es ee, ee es 582 | Plectorhynchus cinctus .-.......-.:...-2. 899, 751 Pholidapus dybowskii -. 4.2222 22-25-22. 376 \|\ Plectreurystrishseese 2 ee eee 581, 590 Brebuitzkil cece 376 || Plectropoma susuki\5----5-<2-0seee- eee 354 Pholisidolichopasters-=---. --oe seen 376 | Plethocheta, new genus.............-.=-- 613 PICTUS ce sues ea ootee nose 376 varicolor, new species. ..--. 614 HOnidgs: ots 2 a eR os ee 653;,654; 655; 657 | -“Pleurolucinass-----c..-2 see eee eee 805 INDEX. 943 Page. Page. Pleurolucinamedatus =<..25.2--2.... 811, 826,882 | Polypodium spinulosum ................- 640 IPlecronectes;|apomicus=.-.5.~ 245.52... 746 SWAULtZlie e eee 629 SCUe Tee csstoncce ocls Sees 769 tetraronumMien eee eee 638 PICTON ECHO eee sea airs asce ase secs etsecse 378, 769 LOVSAnOlepise=ceeee sone sees 628 Pleuronichthys'cormutus:..<...5-<.-..2--- 379, 769 FLUC alert eee eee 642 PLO COSUS An SATIS see sa eats sees = = 340 WOU tee oo oe ee 639 Are Deere eee atic ssicacs 340 VITIS ATO he ice -seeeemieee ne 628 NN CMUIS teases a o-n eecei- cesses 340 forma biserrata..... 628 Platellacruciieranumsjs2-2+-2.---.<.---- 243 decepium 2 -222---2 8 628 IMA CUlUIPSOMISS 2 sec se sew <--> <2 243 occidentale......... 628 Podabrus centropomus': 2.22225... -=----- 367 oreophilum......... 628 modigsa. chiococcella 2.3... .css2s.--22-60- 24 Oa BOlYSble MUM eres semeet 2, y= teen eee 640 new species.....-... 240 ACLOswehOldes=- ssc asneeone 640 Me WaPeWUSrereces cates vetcnc'='ce 240 acullestumyscen anes sees = 641 Rodothecus hamllimic: -252220- 52. etss--5-5 368 [ORAM Seip seca icet ie oe 641 HHOMPSOMG sees saeeee sess ese 368 calitormiGumysccesesoecce ees 641 ACEC UMM aoeee eh calms -aeaians occa ewontece 350 JeMIMONe Passe ee neccciee 641 Peecilocephalus bonapartei.............-. 871 lonchitisssees peste nae eee 641 Poeeilophis catenatus:.-- 2 sssc-5s6-----=<6 885 TUTTO te eee eee eee 640 OMUSTOURCIM AS ee enn pecs eee oc aoe 729 imbricans\<..-- 2. 641 iRobyalcamtihni des: sae S293 32 eke ince 3 490 inciso-serratum .. 641 Polyacanthus opercularis...............-- 490 SCopUlimume2 ss. ee eeee eee 641 Poly dactylusiplebeius'.s-22-5-cse-5-sece SoSMolul holyuranodon: kuhilie 5.62 s.cscase ees see 879 Polylepta tibialis, new species ..........- 596 polyuranodon::---.2--.-.- 879 Oly MIUX1al yj APOMLCA esses cscs socoen eee (Adv EsPOMACCHTLIG se... cee oe kicesceeeee ce eee 358, 752 RO hyTxal seer yew m5 ce osama eels 745) |; Pomacentrus dorsalis. -.-.----...-.-.---.- 753 PE OVMeMIG eae seep e en accoc season se: 358, 752 TACHI DWM sass ae 740 Rolvmenratse sa. sceee sas sacc ares cones 654 new species.......- 734, 755 IROlyPOGIAGES tases ane oe soae ea eies ose sls 628 ELUM CALUS? Soe ce eee esr ee 753 POlypoOGiuimee es ee cee ceo eae se iaeteeicae 628 VIOlASCENSiee eee men eee ee 75d aCwmleatuUmMisn cae: eee as se cee 6418 | Pomatomus'saltatrix: 32.2. -2-22s-5-5--00 907 alpestre sees eee sce e Goan PL OnIphoOlipin aes: jane ssa aero 814 DISCRTALUIM ec ee sec Sees 6285 ROroMa sub the One) =~. joc. se ses ee eee 788 rilorkerinmniy epee eee G2 OM eProbOscid eaece se: cee sce. foo eee 653, 654, 655 Caliiormicums: emcee eee G28 MEOTCel Oise eeccooaceer ences ce ce 498, 562, 566 CAEMOSUMW ees tains sen icis are 628 anrmaciloidesiaesasesecee eee see 565 GLISUAGUIN eR ee ee seelae See 639 SPCR er ce esi ese e see chasse Aer 568 Gui STear GUL seen oe 640 AZUCCUSI ssc cose eee ete: 567 MAGGIE mer seas sais Es 642 DTAaNCti 5 sass cme pence ae 568 TAL CRG eo pe eae ae ee 628 GIMETASCENSE: 22 esses cee 566 hlix=f Oeming. ser eset ecen ce 636 CONVERUS tec geese -Seeeeesseaess 565 ATER STNG ayes ctele co rteeee eos maiais 639 Gotillaes.t.ceoateeieceeed accesses 567 LODCAIUIM ees eee cae eee 636 CUbGNSIS)=5 55-2 coos sree asses 567 fraeilec: 28 suc etek ee sed 642 Géegeerit. 5-5. jak es yee cee ee 566 HAP TANS es a eee ees e nae 659 QUDIUS = 25 2 sc.c soskeeeeee tees 566, 568 Ay Gv Za es ee eee 628 CUCEICUS = o5 52 eb es seepeee see 566 Inespenium 322-28 sees. s ase 628 feLnueINeUSs-— ssa eee ees 567 hexagonopterum ........... 637 Havipess- 55-230 42sec a= sees 566 TIN GAIUS eis tyne sic 628 fromtalis =. -c neces Secon see 569 IMberMeCMMC. 2 .<22--.5- 2. 628 PemMmMUlaUSesascee see eee 568 HOMEHITS eee asec we soccer =e 641 glaberc -a<. vea--os eee 498, 566, 567 PLUMIMeN sco eeee eee 885 Spinifrons < icc sae ee ee 565 | Pseudobagrus aurantiacus.............-.. 340 SUIAUS ce. San tee Sena eer 567 yachelliiv. sj. 3.J2s6.seeeeee 483 SUmMichraAstin =. eer ae 567 | Pseudoblennius anahaze................. 367 SYTIACUS SoS awit ee erases 566 Colloid eS s-- eee 367 Letra OGKUS Sane ese cee socks 567 Dercoldes! [sacs ne eee 367, 757 trilimeatus: at. Steseccte cet oe acs 567 manmMoratus 323-66. c5e6 758 irivittatisssceses ones eset aces ee 567 Bchlepelie A ossceee en 758 UN CHUSae Se cere: Be eee ne ere 569) |2 Pseudogobioidrakeie--s.4-- pene eee 483 REDDIGUS -f2eee cose cee aces eee sess 566 new species.........- 486 zeslangicus:=.2-s2.2cce0- ee eee 569 eSsocinus’: 24-0. <5- eee ee 343, 486 Porcellionides flavo-vittatus ............. 569 SINGNSIS |; “F-. ceeee see eee 486 PranizaiGeritiac. 2-28 2c Gsoct cee eee eee 507 | Pseudolabrus eothinus ..............- 399, 747, 756 IBranzina rermbardics 2-5-2425 2eees ace aes 507) || (Pscudomilthaesescssces--e5-ea seer eres 796, 806 PratinGoles-cess22 52 qasn eee tee meen 473 Moridanusicn 26 secon eeee 809 Priacanthideer: son. ccs.necuseeee es sees oe 358, 751 Bigantear. i222 tbe e-ee eee 830 Priacanthus benmebari .........--....... 358 IM@PAMeriS "pce. teeeeee oe 829, 833 DOOPSsen ses seen eee eee 358 ftellinoides:=- 5.5 se oseceeee 812 JUDORICOS = =e --h eran ene eset 358 | Pseudomonacanthus modestus.........-- 360 MBCraAcanthus:—-oe-e =< see 358 trachyderma ....... 360 MENEr He see sewers ee ees 358 | Pseudomurzna madeirensis.............. 879 Supraarmaius: 422.5 .c25e-2e5 358 | Pseudopriacanthus niphonius............ 358, 751 Briodouephis minor =: =5-s<-aese- see 883: | ses -ee eee eee 258 Prosthesima arizonensis...............--- 590 | Psila frontalis, new species ....... Seer ere 617 new species ..... BS2i'|> Pailides - Joo cc cce cess nec eee eee eae 617, 655 BtPE kt ss Pee ess cee Bee 582). \| UPsilotumy -\- 2252 tess ecn = oe eee eee eae 647 Schwarze: =o. see ee een 905 NUGUM W224 36 Vee ake cece anes 647 mew species=-..-- =. 5S2)y| MO SUM CAH ee aor en eee =a eee ee 393 ETOCOCRTGIA Sse se oe eee Seca ee ERE eee 885: || Psychodidseis 523. cceee ntaee eee eee 655 anmetteess: ho soteo ene eee 392, || -esychotrig undaite. ea. 0 ones sean ease 245 Centifilosay.. set asco ceee 391 | Pterelas:webbii: -. 22.2 --5.- co eeeeeee eens 621, 624 PSaMIMACOMA ==... oc eRe eee eee eee cone 299.300" pRLCTIS: Goo Seca set eee coer cee eee eee 631 GUTOR! Ache ase eee ene 306 alabamensis.c. 5. 350 LV PMU Syste nese Sere ese tes 746 | Stethopterus semicinetus.......-.-.-..... 866 RIISCOSCENS oer neem ene costs fas 746 VAIN CUS ieeeaee i ecisceeeets 866 aibUStesee: See ee eae assent cee els FAG W esti ISCUS = === scree scieeG stiscise eee Semaeee 876 TILE RG Otek Sasser eyo acre year ee ease Stole phOLUS ssc alae ato oil eee eerie 748 notatus JAPONICUS! cease eee ease 748 Seller Cliltemae= sass ase Ee 35551752) ||| Stomias.--.---=---2--5--6-2 222 s0052-- 2-20 S47 Me a LU Sie c cia eee eee 746 | Stratiomyide 654, 655 Species of moths of the superfamily Tin- Strigellas ease aoe nee areca rere 291 eina, from Florida, New, by August Strigillaaassseecsa-seeseeeee 291, 296, 297, 305, 814 NBUISG Kertesere rere eters ara ora g iethak esate coos See 225 ATCO tecece oteeleeemitel steer 297 Op heerelil te sapss sessing «52-22 sete asec tee 792 GarN arial os-— aes eee cere 286, 297, 305 SIT WOR Aes ee eceee eee See ees 792 Ci@ereulassa- sas aess decree 286, 305 TTB CTU SY is a ee aig eters wae ee 795 Costuliferas. Sse a. eee eee eee VOM cee so assete estes te ete 795 GbR RPONACR Be Sherecoecceodsos2ccCe SpltzenOlaqescewosmesccccese css fees ee ces es 791 6rvillassccec - cates eee eee SphrerOMm gaye eee esos eceses cele ecu 496, 532, 533 ERO PIR Se eonenacracedc @estructor <2... 2b.22 5-28 496, 533, 534 PGR bee eae ene quadridentatum ....--5------- 496, 533 INternupta fesse eee eee yucatanum, new species .. 496, 533, 534 entice wlan sasa-meeceeeccr cee 286, 305 PS Dee ROMA CC maerecteteiiesizcs eos ce se cc 496, 506, 532 MAB: cece eee see eee 305 SO DULEE ROMS CUSs em reninnaiela-fe eerste ces 499, 570, 573 TTT LSU alee ie cleats late eaters 305 portoricensis, new species. . 499, 57¢ TYME Seapets aise a eeretat tate Petar rare 297 place brat Chis pence = 22 na eae 298 POCING Ate =o Sone eee cranes ae 306 LOU eM ete on i. asine Sons Sele 294, 803 TUDESCENSS ss, oe oe ee eee eee 302 een OULU ce cise access osteo ce 293 sabulosa’.2 2932 si. feucc once ca ssee ee 299 REVS een Sn ts Be onl DIO LOS salmonear Aco ose st conse e eee 302 Lambe ata etre: xtc eh. eee tmciace 301 SANTATOSE. es ooee se cone ee 305, 321,325 950 INDEX. Page. Page. Tellina santarosze,new species .....------ 321 | Theerodontis reticulata ...........-:.-...- 879 SCHDIA 8s ee secs one eee eee 807, 809 tesselata =< ooo -cce eee asa 79 schrammi=-Ssha-2-c see cee eee = 293, 312°) “Dhargalie luctioss. ==... noose eee 590 REVICING ==. 2 =- nk eoene eee eee esas 292 new species ......---- 584 SiMMUl!S so 55 ss- nee acca: See se 296,297 | Theages strigosa......-..........--------- 268 SiIMpIOMs: -o4-25 see cere ee eee ae 296 | Theragra chalcogrammus .......-.------- 376 SIMUIANSS=.. Sos ee eee eee ee 302. 1; Theraphosidee nc. -455scem cians era 581 SOMCNIS Seo. o-eeoe eta teens 299 | Therapon oxyrhynchus ...........--.--- . 355 SOTGIGS oe ea ee ee a= 299! | ATP CLG cee i eae ste rata ra elated 699 sonleyeti. 2 foasst seoeeesecseese 300" | SD enidii dae. sass eee eee eee ee 584 Soule yehian ake ak= 2220 oe se so 299") CDhistira spo. 2224-0 eee eee eee 809 squamifera..------22-s5-2-------< 990; 294") "Thomisidsevee: o-2o-= sens aaa 586. Simi Aaa Pea wseeeee ee eee 2985294 || “Thunnusisehlepeli: 22522 so... ee eee 352 AL PLAGI MI aiocee eee sere acre aa 294 || Dhyaesira.. 2202 -eecet = sin ae ones . 784, 830 BILCN SOM es os eee oe ae ere 298 barbarevsis 3: 5o292c(5- ac cen 790 SITMUSER Ee ease eo See ee ees 325 Diseetars 3. - see ee 789, 817, 832, 833 MEW /SPCCIES!.-<2 4-20-02 2 <— 319 LOWS ses ate sce eee 787 SUMUSUS soo coe hace ce emcees 303 COMA nog eee ee eee 787, 818, 833 SUULC SUIT Samet ese eee ae 304 @roulinensis Ss. c-5--es. asses es 787 SV beritica 2aa-pe nee nee canee nee 295, 803 eycladia C220 32252 seanecneeeee 788 RAM PACNSIS. poe eea tae o = eee 296 @lliptieas {2.55 5.2 so-ese-semasees 788 tayloOniant-csesaseeeees seer ee 294 equUalis:. 2s. See ae coe eee 787 Gellimellai=se-eere ees 290 CUM alla. 20.2 4saee sass sscee 788 tenella ¢2- seoeecae ease ees soos 295, 313 OXCAVOLAS soe sean came eee ee 790, 832 TENCVAe =e se eee eece ees 295, 299, 301, 314 new species....------- 818 EOMMISe pa cee eee se eae ae 293, 301 FECL SINOSae we =. a eae 787,791 ECEGS epee eae ee eee enema 308 fUCPICNSIS== 2 o.ceen oe eee oe 786, 790, 819 tOXEMA Gee nee ae eee ee 295 OUI Sty sant ae ome sees 786,790 MEW SPCCIES's 2 = a2e = aes eee 313 erandis) 2s) .3-5 2} = ee eee 785 OO TE USS eee ee ee eit 291 pramulosazs: 22 shsetesseeeaseee es 785 PETA OU gS aeteaars eae eat ate 291 hyalina, 2c stat eae ee oes 786 GUM a) Seer See eb ieeee 295 TMQ UES soe 2 =a oe eee 786 AIITASCIR (A G-ceece ae oe eee 296, 312, 313 INSIOMIS|-95 4 so wes oelete cee eee 785 UI AGW VER, Sa ee eee 293 magellanicae oe) -nos-eeee eee 790, 833 VaDlCGAth: 22 oc asen ea] sae 295, 303, 320 new species ..----- 819 VeNUIOSS. whe = see aos sse oer eee 304, 322 OVOIGER = 52-22-25. see es casera 785 VeISICOlGI. 2. - ste ee Se ee 295, 303 pla ae es oes ons ssa eee 786 WITP RiGee = ieee ee ee eee eee 289 Dlicats@ateeee=-co-a eee 786 WATSINIAN Ass Cece neces eee ae 300 DY GMM Sa 408 ee a ees 788 VATE OW cei seers maton oe cet aeons 304 TOUUIN GAs. 2 552 eas eee eee 787 WinidOnMCta- sees Peewee 302 SAESU-- fase nc ot ee eee 786, 790 Vat. CarOlmensiS - 22s ene nen 587 Tetraroge longispiniss.s-0-- 0s e eee 867 |, Dorellitis kos5 oe not oe eee eee 799 MOIGHI Rte sho oe cots aloe Maio tne 756 Var sleUticac.. <== - ees ae eee 795, 833 Meuthidwses< osoo< 6 ose snc esk eee a= 360 new species....----..- 820 WEXON BSE Shee sein whe cote Ss tee see cee eee 396 | Toxabramis argentifer ..........-.--..--- 483 RTOUPicc- sea Pty aetees cesta eeeeeet 398, 405 new species. ....-- 454 INDEX. 95a : Page. Page. ‘hoxaibramis swianhOwis:—==-2-- 6.2.2 020). 484 | Trimerotropis bifasciata.......... 396, 400, 419, 420 atrachelasttramquillla, =< == 2s.5.2-..0.. 583 brumerit has ae ie een 425 givachichtiya Gee aes ae8 occ ccsssencsnl oe 744 new species ....... 401, 423 gira clini does eeteeiae2 t= Sr. ccj ato en fe oc 369 eceruleipennis...___... 396, 404, 444 Trachinocephalus trechinus ............. 350 cxruleipes ........ 396, 400, 416, 417 SRrAChULOPSOLRMUSe eas kes 302 californica ........ 396, 402, 431, 432 ehrachurush spOMiCUs 22s... 2 sees .:. 302 calignosa, new species. 396, 400, 417 UA CHUNUS Ree eee ase See 747, 748 campestris ............ 397,401, 423 eA GIy CAM GNUIMe nase S/o Se ee ae 383, 390 Gcinetae a=: 396, 400, 405, 414, 415, 439 COMSOTS ee eae eee 389 Gitrina= =: esos. 396, 401, 425, 426, 499 ISOCAM Gianeet yes ee te 385 Ceeruleipennis............- 444 1EUGOStOMa ener ee eee - 386 coeruleipes 222.222 410, 417 macwlosum=. 2-5-5... .-- 389 collaris, new species... 396, 403, 437 MMLC): see sos. 385 conspersa, new species. 396, 404, 443 pRishipleuraiesssso 4s. < 389 coquille tiie .saa ssa ae 410 quadragenarium ........ 389 new species. 396,399, 413 SCMUELCOSHIN Eee a eae 389 cristata, new species .. 396,399, 408 subelongatum ....__..... 386 cyaneipenmissss. 2.50 404, 445 TrachymhimusifavOsus—..-..-.+-.--....--. 588 fallax 0... 2..._-...396,403,449 443 Sfirachimnnn a Cise ne aaa wo oe le ne 407 fascicula, new species..... 401, 425 BETWS WVICUSAy semen ee so-so ac oe eee oa 815 fenruUpiMeas= soe eee 420, 421 sirepidulusi4o-oansee: 22.2 Skene ss 398 new species. .... 400, 420 REWER CIRUS? haz miei: Saree. ick 394 | FONTAN Aes sa ee eee zi 415 BOSUGCUIS eae e.-aiem or et ee 398 fratercula, new species. 397, 403, 438 Mrrcenopnonechithiyseses sso. 373 STACIIS eee eee 399, 410, 412 squamistrigatus ..___- 372 hyalina sik ee ee 410 PnigiisisCyLiiMA sees se.) ke 336 new species... 396,398, 405 piri Olod one eat sete cee ones nec eenee oe 345 JUN AN geek eee 400, 405, 415 sini chulmidicer eset eet take eS 352 koebelet sc 2- 52-6. 55) 896. 400 420 PMaCHIMTUSHAPOULCUS..<.5555;.52.2-- 2. set 352 latiein Clas jee eee 401, 428 sHriGhodomiidenre sasemets see he eR Ge 369 latifasciata .......- 396, 401, 428, 429 URiGhOMAMeS esse sae See ee 626 Tantei. ssoas see eae ee 2061404 MES CTCTS liana aa ect et 626 maritima ...... 396, 399, 411, 412, 497 TETKOUIG TAS) ite Ge ote eel 626 melanopteras.............. 430 PTACHOMISCLOUR Ate koe ee 499, 561,575, 576 new species . piriChoOuiSeuseeeemaraee co. = Se 499, 575 402, 43 BEM COlaae ase sees ae | 576 modesta -.--.-::25..--. 397,401 496 PUSUMUSHS ese ee ey. ee ere 499,575 MON TAN eee eee ee eee 102, 433 Mimi ChotapllGarseesse Seen 939 monticola_-..1-..- 396, 401, 422, 429 condaliavorella, new species 232 nubila, new spedes ... 397,403, 442 HUMCIMel se <->. ee 239 ochraceipennis ........ 396,399,411 molantherella, new species . 232 paciicae=. =. se eae 396, 402, 434 TLISKOINOY NCEE CES > ls a 749 pallidipennis..___. 396, 403, 423, 437 PI SSUS eee ee Ne ot oe ee 373 Detplexaeaee eee 446, 447 me Wee UU Geer ey tase ee tie nee 336, 373 pilosa, new species .... 396,403, 440 LO OUUGUIS ee eee eis ee Oe et 336, 374 PiStrimariac--caseseae 396, 402, 430 TEWESDC CLOSES et eee 373 porrecta, new species . 396,399, 409 IDET Or Stroll) Sieh perspec ee) 748 preclara, new species . 397,401, 425 Ie PIC cee eee ee 369 pseudofasciata. 396, 404, 405, 447, 448 Trigonias osborni, from the Miocene of mebellisycmens= anos 396, 398, 407 South Dakota, A new Rhinoceros, by Salingtece ssa eae 396, 402, 436 Hired enievAsmecas restos - 221 Saxatiliiss 2 cee see ae 414, 449 sir SOMIASOSOOTMIsee eee. 221 new species.. 396, 403, 440 NONI OCATMIA eee me | 384 Sim Se a eee eee 396, 403, 436 Blabastrim) 022-22 -.-___- 390 StLC QS) e eee een 433 amulllartim <...-2).00..2 2 386 new species. .....- 402, 432 eramiterum:. 2.2.22). -2. 390 tesselata, new species... ... 400, 417 Obovalesss: 8. een 8 390 texana .... 396,398, 406, 408, 409, 410 OMIM OIDEe oar Se 3 Sones 390 thalassicai= 2-222. - 396, 397, 401, 421 Trimerotropis, Revision of the Orthop- tolte cara: eaaeseente ce 396, 402, 429 teran genus, by Jerome MeNeill_....... 393 | variegata, new species. 396, 404, 443 Trimerotropis ....... 393, 394, 396, 398, 399, 404, 410, | VGrruculatayen- se2esee see 440 5 412, 414, 421, 424, 425, 430, 441, 444 WAM CULACS: =o a eee eae 403 agrestis, new species .. 396, 402, 433 : 414, 421, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441 albescens, new species. 396, 400,418 ele O MONI c\2e oeeee eae ee 740 AOR ae eh ne oe tee 792 | eye penitign & fo: eset See toes . 765, 767 MIMDTH spake case ee ae 792, 793 SLVIGGIANS cae cs eee ero 740 {PANS VCUSHE sees ete eens oe 792 (Brotwlideey -2oes2-e 769 Ungulinidee -......--.---- --+-------+---- 830 New Species-------- ----— 765, 767. Unibranchapertura levis ...------------- $38. | Westonia'.-.-. +. --- 222 22-0 <= sn- n= 683 Upenecus. ....----.------ 22-22-2202 2g: 747 new subgenus of Obolus -...--- 691 Upeneoides japonicus ...----------++----- 358 | Wheatears (Saxicola) Occurring in North Upeneus benasi....-.-----------+--+++++-- 308 America, by Leonhard Stejneger- -.---- 473 Uranichthys havannensis ....------------ Bil dl “WOOdSIt otsancc seen. sens -eatie oe ne eee 643 Uranoscopid ...-..---------0----- 225220 369 SUDDEN es ee = ania ae tees 643 Uranosecopus asper....---------------++---- 369, 745 PYADCIE ae. eee mem nee ene 643 japonicus... -..-.-------=--- 745 Inyperboresic-o.-- 22e=-aa- ea 643 Urolophus tuilbergi ...------------------- 338 RIVENSIS§ 222.05 s enters aa eee 643 Uropterygius .........---------------- 878, 886, 890 TRI GHNGs ooo ae eo eee aerate 644 CONGHION 325-2 nae eosin 886 OUUHSH 52 SShamasess eee oe 643 okinawze, new species.. 886, 887, 890 var. glandulosa ....--.--- 644 WSiSMOstiaice eo Se sete =o =e mace 380 DIUMIMETHE == 2 -e eee 644 NLGW Fe CRHUS eee = =< meee eee 336 QVePaNa t5.~ =o. cseeeee ee ee 643 japonica .....---- Eee ee 380 plummmerdes. 22 = eee eee es O44 TRS pees Shere eee ts en l oherae orem ste pele ete 715 SCOPUNM Al. ace aie mete wm eer 645 Utilla Island, Honduras, A new species of WOOGMVET Gide aoe eens ba ee ec eee eis eee 635 spiny-tailed Iguana from, by Leonhard AMOUSHIOUS «2 ssse= oem 635 Stejneger....--.--------------------=-=- 467 HEEUIAR oe. ore eee 635 CHaMISSOIS Ss- =. sae eee 639 Valvifera or Idoteoidea ....---.------ 497, 500, 537 radicans var. americana... 635 Wa ticlmaritesne snes se-e seem ane ae = 830 spinulosa ....-.----.-------- 6385 Vejovis spinigerus.....-.----------------- 588 Vite iNiCd oe see ee eae eo 635 WiGTIUS eae Goo clase ae ees See uta a's cmie's 5 785, 816 IGLERNIS= sane a cle acim aenie oma aa = 809 | Xenocypris.-....------------------------== 3h6 (OK Gl ybUUTT Wee es Ee i Se ee eeeseane 802 | Xylophagide.........-.---------------+--- 658 EVENS EVES eek er ete ate yn oe reel tera B16 | Xiyriast- see. es =o ec eee eee een eerie 864, 889 PISS eyes este = aii ete t= 298 New CeWUS)-<.--ea= oe nen 868 TMICTUStAL eee eee ene omen 799 revulsus, new species ...------- 868, 869, 889 lupinus....-- po eget ae eee nee ce 792 ORDICWISLISSeo= oc eee ee ae 799 | Yatsumeunagi....-.....-.-------------=-- 733 pensy)vamiGar—-- --<----- ~~ 807 | Yellow Boa of Jamaica, A new systematic ids) 114 0,0 04 1: pe a eto 816 name for the, by Leonhard Stejneger-. 469 BUM OSES eon (os rere cteig eet elneta 784 | Yoldia limatula .........----------------- 322 RIUM RAS oe pans ae eeicets $04, 805 | TMOVUISY ee oe ace see ee eee aes 322 SULA state ores wes tats = tener 809 An CU eseieaeaeeen eects 799 | Zapodide.......-.--.--------=+--+-+2--2-- 665, 666 Verasper hippoglossus, new species - -.--- 379 | Zapodine.....-.-.------------+-+-+-++---- 666 moseri SVR aa pUSe oo eeme ao" 659, 660, 661, 662, 663, 664, 665, 666 Ota: 5.22 soe eta Peres sec res 996.1) -GebraS oso docecse= Soe = ee eee 380 THEW SPC CleSu as eassee es 378 néw #enus..:..--..-.------=---=-= 336 VWALlGPAbIS =.= 4. -pese eee eemees 378 TOBE anes a eee eee 769 WerbeSina VIfSIMIGH co . ce nsesessemmee ne 247 ZEDLIDG, - (pes s Sone hace eee oer 380 Veronicellaceso2.c- sease tse aeas eee eae $35, 836 ZEDTINUS = a. esenee en ee Sees 380, 769 EP ASSI Clade ee teee emer Bb) |) Zeid too see ee roe cere ole 309 POMMEENSIS|- bo 52 52 cecs ee -oe 836 | Zenopsis nebulosus....-.------------------ 309 DOVICEDS= os) mere etne ase 836 | Zeuglodon, Basilosaurus cetoides (Owen), MTUNNEA.. soe ssa eee 835,836 | with noteson other portions of the skele- Gilloloensisaess.s-oos-e esas 836, ton, The Pelvic Girdle of, by Frederic A. gigantea. c-2-ccase-seseaeoce 836 THGRS 2 oe eee oe nee eee 327 PUSONI eee a eae 835. 836..| Zeurlodon...2420--22-- === 327, 328, 330 ME]AtOWOUS ease sae eee eae ere 836 | Zeus japonicus ....-_-.-.---------+------- 309 ’ ( Wie ie ie AS AN Y Syst wey yy ata vei } MN a Re au Cae) H fH 7 is f Dv et We Oa i rhs A nL AEH Mh A i Na tt Taare ie 3 9088 (0040000