\\ ANY \ \\ ANY WN \\ — \ A _ \ \ \\ \ \\ \ y \ \ _ ~~ \ CC A \ \ XK \ UI INR \\ A ANY \ ANN \\ « << ANN \\ » \« AN AK - \\ SAN ANY \ . , NY Wh \\\ \ . \\ . UA . RIN . WY \ \ AY A A AY RA \\ ~ 3S XN AY SN ~~ S \\ NN \ \\\ \“\« \ \ . Nes \ AN ‘ A AS \X NS \ AW \ \\ NS SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM VOLUME 68 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1927 < 3 reg - i ; nS t y =. i “a : s ' f ; : “a x _ i ~ * = 1. 7 , more 4 > Pa ’ : ‘ 4 A % ¥ ~~ . i Re Pate ~ . y ° * m © ? oy 4 A Ate . YT . - > f “ x _ > + We < 0 ' f es 3S. : os A * = a = ae A - tax : ‘ ADVERTISEMENT The scientific publications of the National Museum include two series, known, respectively, as Proceedings and Bulletin. The Proceedings, begun in 1878, is intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original papers, based on the collection of the National Museum, that set forth newly acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology, with descriptions of new forms and revisions of limited groups. Copies of each paper, in pamphlet form, are distributed as published to libraries and scientific organi- zations and to specialists and others interested in the different sub- jects. The dates at which these separate papers are published are recorded in the table of contents of each of the volumes. The present volume is the sixty-eighth of this series. The Bulletin, the first of which was issued in 1875, consists of a series of separate publications comprising monographs of large zoological groups and other general systematic treatises (occasion- ally in several volumes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, catalogues of type-specimens, special collections, and other material of similar nature. The majority of the volumes are octavo in size, but a quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indispensable. In the Bulletin series ap- pear volumes under the heading Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, in octavo form, published by the Na- tional Museum since 1902, which contain papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum. ALEXANDER WETMORE, Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian. Institution. Wasnineron, D. C.. January 15, 1927. 10557T—27 Til " Abia si vo | ! eer ! Eigen bug comets st hy tat ately apriplee ont to dues, {eo aipstany Seeman st: ay ee sds ae ae ei HUNT RNVTAMY, aeiiceyh dh ib, bd - Z aot” E io y . Ont sais Are WI eet > & abet os o- ; eo a my i io a4 c ' Pe ; yi au er a mY “it a /- ¥ 1 ay - « , ei P ‘ . TABLE OF CONTENTS Axpricy, J. M. North American two-winged flies of the genus Cylindromyia Meigen (Ocyptera of authors) No. 2624. |) Ne Se a a li a ak New species: Cylindromyia compressa, C. nigra, C. alticola, C. bakeri, C. vulgaris, C. decora, C. armata, C. uniformis, C. limbata. ALEXANDER, CHartEs P. Crane flies from the Maritime Proy- ince of Siberia. No. 2605, pp. 1-21. December 11, 1925 *__ New species: Dicranomyia amurensis, Rhipidia (Monorhipidia) sibirica, Pedicia cockerelli, Rhaphidolabina sibirica, Molophilus lobiferus, Erioptera (Hrioptera) fuscohalterata, Rhabdomastix (Sacandaga) usuriensis, Tipula cockerelliana, T. ligulifera, T. amurensis, T. usuriensis, T. sibiriensis. New subspecies: Pseudolimnophila ochracea asiatica. Auten, Harry W. North American species of two-winged flies belonging to the tribe Miltogrammini. No. 2610. pp. A -10 Gin AYE LODGE eset 2+ ATED) eats Ore | RUMOUR & New species: Pachyophthalmus hinei, P. distortus, Senotainia setulicosta, Opsidia metopioides, Metopia opaca, M. inermis, M. tesseliata, M. lateropili, M. sinipalpis, Phrosinella fwmosa, P. aldrichi, P. pilosifrons, Humacronychia montana, E. sternalis, BE. nigricornis, EF. rohweri, E. elongata, Gymnoprosopa filipalpus, G. pallida, G. inflaticornis. Basster, R. S. (See Ulrich, E. O.) Brzzt, Mario. A new genus and species of Borborid flies from South America. No. 2621. pp. 1-6. May 13, 1926 *__ New genus: Pycnopota. New species: Pycnopota manni. Cuapin, Epwarp A. Descriptions of new internal parasites. No. 2603. pp. 1-4. November 14, 1925?_.__._.___------__- New species: Contracaecum turgidum, C. magnipapillatum. CockrereLL, T. D. A. Some Halictine bees from the Maritime Province of Siberia. No. 2607. pp. 1-12. December 23, Rte ee ae, Mee ead ERNE REM Ie Ce at oe ee ee New species: Halictus moltrechti, H. kraloffi, H. solovieffi, H. lutzenkot, H, wittenbourgi, H. shishkini, H, emelianoffi, H. trans- positus, H. tutihensis, H. suprafulgens, H. suleatulus, H. per- plexans, H. brachycephalus, H. trichorhinus. New variety: Halictus perplemans, var. speculinus. >Date of publication. Article 23 ea) 20 6 VI TABLE OF CONTENTS CocxrreiL, T. D. A. Tertiary insects from Argentina. No. Article 2602, pp. 1-5. December 14, 1925;743- 52-t 27 2-3: ---_-_-__- New species: Molanna (?) derosa, Otiorhynchites aterrimus, Cosso- nus (?) devoratus, Anthonomus (?) sunchalensis, Curculionites harringtoni, C. jujuyensis, C. wielandi, Tenebrionites inclinans. Tertiary insects from Kudia River, Maritime Province, Siberia. No. 2606. pp. 1-16. December 11, 1925 *_---___- New genera: Amagupsyche, Megacercopis, Lavrushinia, Mundo- poides. New species: Phryganea lavrushini, Amagupsyche perlata, Indusia comminuta, I. sequoiae, Limnephilus recultus, Patrobus (?) kudiensis, Cleonus sharcipofi, Anthonomus amaguensis, Throscus (?) peritulus, Megachile amaguensis, Philagra (?) kudiana, Aphrophora protocalia, Megacercopis optima, Lavrushinia ele- gantula, Mundopoides cisthenaria, Plecia amagua, P. kudietla, P. refracta, P. redempta, P. kuznetzovi, P. obsitula. New subfamily: Amagupsychinae. Cram, Exorsr B. A new nematode from the rat and its life history. No. 2616. pp. 1-7. February 19, 1926*__------ New species: Protospirura columbiana. Crump, S. E. The Nearctic budworms of the lepidopterous genus Heliothis. No.2617. pp.1-8. February 12, 1926 *_- Ewrne, H. E. A revision of the American lice of the genus Pediculus, together with a consideration of the significance of their geographical and host distribution. No. 2620. pp. 1-80: %s'June 10} d026 ade ew aoe cals He ele 8 New subgenus: Parapediculus. New species: Pediculus (Parapediculus) atelophilus, P. (P.) chapini. New variety: Pediculus (Pediculus) humanus americanus. Fisurr, W.S. Buprestid beetles from the Maritime Province of Siberia. No. 2608. pp. 1-8. November 28, 1925 *_____- New species: Agrilus cockerelli, A. prinadai. Descriptions of new West Indian longicorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae. No. 2623. pp. 1-40. June 10, New genera: Liosynaphacta, Acrepidopterum, Eneodes, Euga- mandus. New species: Liosynaphaeta ballowi, Atavia alboscutellata, A. uni- formis, Acrepidopterum minutum, Ischnolea longipilis, Hupogonius annulicornis, B. nigritarsis, EB. griseus, Hstola attenuata, Jamesia lineata, Leptostylus longicornis, L. albofasciatus, L. atromacu- latus, L. duvali, L. bruneri, L. pygmaeus, Leiopus cubanus, Lepturges chamaeropsis, Hyperplatys griseomaculatus, Pro- batius dominicus, Eneodes hirsuta, Hugamandus schwarzi, EL. cayamae, Cyrtinus schwarzi, C. hubbardi, Essostrutha ramsdeni. New varieties: Leptostylus scurra, var. dorsalis, L. 8&., var. maculifer, L. biustus, var. cubanus. ? ©r 16 19 “I rE 1 Date of publication. TABLE OF CONTENTS Fosuac, WittiaAm F. The minerals of Obsidian Cliff, Yellow- stone National Park, and their origin. No. 2618. pp. 1-18. SET ee te Ti 9.6 ngien clk gh lp AE ho aly Me La NA he lal Hay, Oxtver P. A collection of Pleistocene vertebrates from southwestern Texas. No. 2625. pp. 1-18. June 7, 1926'*___ New species: Camelops aransas, Anancus orarius, A. defloccatus. Mauiocn, J. R. New genera and species of Acalyptrate: flies in the United States National Museum. ° No. 2622. Pp. Ohi May DOOD sires ty eee gh stows denne New genera: Xenopterella, Stenolauxania, Cephalella, Sectulina, Dryomyzoides, Neominettia, Chaetominettia, Neoscutops, Sehil- domyia. New species: Xenopterella obliqua, Stenolauxcania. striata, Lau- vaniclla nubecula, Cephalella fumipennis, Camptoprosopella atra, C. latipunctata, C. flavipalpis, Setulina prima, Dryomyzoides advena, Chaetominettia spinitibia, Chaetoceelia tripunctata, Minettia tripuncticeps, M. evittata, M. tinctinervis, M. fusci-: nervis, M. geniseta, M. assimilis, Pseudogriphoneura pallipes, P. hyalipennis, P. (Melanomyza) lateralis, P. (M.) atiena, P. (Neodecia) marmorata, Sapromyza nigroapicata, Seutops macutli- pennis, Neoscutops rotundipennis, Schildomyia vittithorar, S. brevihirta, S. punctifrons, Drosophila, panamensis, D. pilifacies, D. spinicauda, D. nigricosta, D. bicoloripes, Amiota steganoplera, Leucophenga unifasciventris, L. acutipennis, L. tripunctipennis, Clastopteromyia maculipennis, C. longipennis. ———— Systematic notes on and descriptions of North Ameri- can wasps of the subfamily Brachycistiinae. No. 2604. Pome Mebrigny ro LolG ts ik noe kee ee New subgenus: Brachycistis (Brachycistina). New species: Brachycistis normalis, B. (Brachycistis) rugosa, B. (B.) subcarinata, B. (B.) tezana, B. (B.) parva, B. (B.) nigrifrons, B. (B.) curvata, B. (B.) utahensis, B. (B.) inter- media, B. (B.) verticalis, B. (B.) melanocephala, B. (B.) dako- tensis, B. (B.) washingtona, B. (B.) imitans, B. (B.) lacustris, B. (B.) semiatra, B. (Brachycistina) acuta. MarsnHarn, Witn1am B. New fossil fresh-water mollusks from Florida. No. 2612. pp. 1-4. February 19,1926 1%__--_--__ New species: Lymnaea (Pseudosuccinea) barberi, L. (P.) aperta, Planorbis (Planorbina) preglabratus. McAres, W. L. Revision of the American leaf hoppers of the Jassid genus Typhlocyba. No. 2619. pp. 147. June 10) APSO adnate sei) | ee Sh hey 99 Oe : New species: Typhlocyba piscator, T. unca, 7’. persephone, T. euphrante, 7. ariste, 7. wvanthippe, T. ariadne, T. duplicata, T. lancifer, T. niobe, T. pomaria, T. athene, T. arsinoe, T. andro- nuiche, T. melite, T. phryne, T. antigone, T'. nicarete, T. clymene, T. danae, T'. eurydice, 7’. berenice, T. hermione. vii Article 17 24 Lh 18 1 Date of publication. Viit TABLE OF CONTENTS New varieties: T'yphlocyba commissuralis, var. munda, T. flavomar- ginata, var. vesta, T'. f., var. media, T'. f., var. scorta, T. cymba, var, pallens, T. c., var. unipuncta, T'. gillettei, var. sincera, T. g., var. fitchii, 7. g., var. apicata, T. g., var. saffrana, T. g., var. russeola, T. g., var, casta, T. g., var. venusta, T. g., var. sellata, T. g., var. vestita. Rouwer, 8. A. Sawflies from the Maritime Province of Si- beria. No. 2609. pp. 1-12. December 28, 19251 New species: Megalodontes (Rhipidioceros) siberiensis, Arge kon- gauensis, A. nyemitawa, A. paganifornis, Dolerus okeanskajensis, Rhogagaster kudianus, Tenthredo fuscocostalis, T. kengauana, T. kudiana, Tenthredella cockerelli, Pristophora chromata. New variety: Macrophya apicalis, var. infumata. Scuwartz, Benzamin. Parasitic nematodes from China. No. 2614. pp. 1-10. February 12, 19261 New species: Subulura chinensis. SHOEMAKER, CLARENCE R. Amphipods of the family Bateidae in the collection of the United States National Museum. No. 2626. pp. 1-26. June 7, 19267 New genus: Carinobatca. ; New species: Batea transversa, B. lobata, Carinobatea cuspidata, C. carinata. Snyper, THomas E. Termites collected on the Mulford Bio- logical Exploration to the Amazon Basin, 1921-1922. No. 2615. pp. 1-76. April 26, 1926 * New subgenus: Agnathotermes. New species: IKalotermes (Neotermes) magnoculus, kK. (N.) manni, Rhinotermes latilabrium, R. manni, Cornitermes (Cornitermes) bolivianus, Armitermes (Armitermes) benjamini, A. (A.) holm- greni, A, (A.) manni, Nasutitermes (Nasutitermes) aduncus, N. (N.) crassus, N. (N.) pilosus, N. (Subulitermes) angusticeps, N. (Convevitermes) pallidus, N. (C.) pulliceps, N. (Diversi- termes) melanocephalus, N. (Velocitermes) uniformis, N. (Agna- thotermes) glaber, N. (Tenuirostritermes) laticephalus, Anoplo- termes (Anoplotermes) bolivianus, A. (A.) eclypeatus, A, (A.) distans, A. (A.) distinetus, A, (A.) grandifons, A. (A.) howardi, A. (A.) indistinctus, A. (A.) linearis, A. (A.) prowimus, A. (A.) punctatus, A. (A.) rotundus, Cylindrotermes brevipilosus, Miro- termes (Mirotermes) bolivianus, M. (Spinitermes) robustus, Capritermes (Neocapritermes) braziliensis, C. (N.) hopkinsi, C. (N.) parallelus, Orthognathotermes brevipilosus. Unricu, E. O., and R. S. Basstrr. UT gas i. ARNE Ask Mint Greek eh Sy" “ne oor. eae ede, ome Mats hy SR TARE poten gta Saag, iv eae ys sonata A bas Gary dad ~SaP e teetten PCa ee ely PONG Ee ae nub ere aD eas = Este dent Pisa age thee diharwt: Vaheee tb WW asta: ba Pensa y a RS a, etre; ay vat Seat rear i adiediend eas 4 ceasshpislonas A 2a ee ig PAE MG ine aN eas whats B ative ; cis é enn ‘<, URTV aH we AER os PROT RGY “agar oie na Tepe 7 ihe Mek wat Qwthutanws xia ihe 78> A aren aa te eink itd vt evens US - Hv WAP yet a oho HE, pasty ak aout ut nies ath (hae E ea See ie & NbrPvitnecke a aL ae si Aa yeate WTA ees wy ms WEnGstt- hhsimaeitoae 3th inal ; anitoer Ate Lapiviy ered is a natant chs rhea, Reh : nis eiiyar yy aie RA RAs eee ae eae cegth Mv a be fay etee* We Ot tga ibarianynis BAe Lennart piled high a eae ER 2 att Yong tale bac Ahi ite thos + Leave tht OUR! ae A ag eee ‘mitel! ro % cn Ries pt te ‘ikea aehlteces \ eAkieisy Salter mi ae {5 CTY, intel see we ANA By Sib ort nea iho} a oe ae ee Wiig, 1 (Mt -systnetrreayett ban, SS PERE ENS A Wado : PGT ALD BUS Te GHY Sa renting a as oe *EEs Aone: is 3 aint ath mitts ia ihn A” Aan sal rte: 1 ie Ree i ‘EAN Poe yee abit chest of hare ity Bate nee? miguel wean es BE a ‘1 Gh hea eel ae wt > : ie Varese ov (A saorrut ot ddhsky payed: Laoag gai ee % Poigouds (alert oy da tiolaet) canoe ube ite ‘ SURE Re, miki GE GaN (5 Sanit iy iop Se daha atl AE gu uate oT Oye gh ce ep, 0 LOA rea Sinha? AENEAN. Ayo take arban, (Ad nae: a ae 72 GoSa8oh favesTadiqed] ivaee! cage taut ei ee Shanty 2h (sel Riera tel alr vos | eeverangon esite: De ee er ey : ayoipey bs 2A RS Bs iphones, Vk Hoye ae ne haber Gane E Ae ATART abe MUNG, aus ote sa Canta: ve ah 7 e fa yee us ani lY. ‘we i ested tee RAAB: segs ete | nats ivitartsd sv a QeveDL dottntoern.,.& % eos : : an Guat Shires Aa eeves, Se e } BAAS oe , ae eit mea 't95 \ ‘ * ve) a, LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PLATES TERTIARY INSECTS FROM ARGENTINA By T. D. A. Cockerell Facing page 1; Tertiary. “insects. from. Argentina ..... 22 L222. --5.-~- ===. SYSTEMATIC NOTES ON AND DESCRIPTIONS OF NORTH AMERICAN WASPS OF THE SUBFAMILY BRACHYCISTIIN AE By J. R. Malloch . Details of Brachycistiinae, Psammocharidae, and Cyphotinae______~_ . Structural characters of Brachycistis males__._..._......._.__.-______ 2; Hypopygia of Brachycistis ‘males? 222)... 2-1 .--2--.— . Hypopygial characters of Brachycistis, Cyphotes, and Myrmosa males_ em CO DS CRANE FLIES FROM THE MARITIME PROVINCE OF SIBERIA By Charles P. Alexander HEBORaINe MICS strom ilberae = oe se ee ee ee TERTIARY INSECTS FROM Kupia RIvER, MARITIME PROVINCE, SIBERIA By T. D. A. Cockerell 1-2. Tertiary insects from Kudia River, Siberia__-_____________________ NorktH AMERICAN SPECIES OF TWO-WINGED FLIES BELONGING TO THE TRIBE MILTOGRAM MINI By Harry W. Allen 1-5. American species of two-winged flies of the tribe Miltogrammini____ FIELD NOTES ON GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES By Lewis H. Weld i: Galifiies-of. the, family ‘Cynipidae: =~... 2252 ee BRE 22 16 104 128 XII LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS « NEW FOSSIL FRESH-WATER MOLLUSKS FROM FLORIDA By William B. Marshall Facing page I. HKossiltresh=water shells from: Wloridas 22 =e ee ee ees 4 A CLASSIFICATION OF THE TOOTHLIKE FOSSILS, CONODONTS, WITH DESCRIP- TIONS OF AMERICAN DEVONIAN AND MISSISSIPPIAN SPECIES By E. O. Ulrich and R. 8S. Bassler 1="6;-American Devonian’ Conodonts: = 222s eee 64 (-10; American: Mississippian.econodonts.2 2 64 11. Teeth and dermal plates of recent fishes___.__-________________.__ 64 TERMITES COLLECTED ON THE MULFORD BIOLOGICAL EXPLORATION TO THE AMAZON BASIN, 1921-22 By Thomas E. Snyder 1. Soldiers of Rhinotermes, Cornitermes, and Cylindrotermes___________- 76 2. Soldiers of Nasutitermes, Syntermes, and Spinitermes______-___-_-____ 76 3. Soldiers of Diversitermes, Tenwirostritermes, and Velocitermes_______- 76 A NEW NEMATODE FROM THE RAT AND ITS LIFE HISTORY By Eloise B. Cram 1=2°"Protospirura. columbiana, new SpeGieS.=- +22 ee ees 8 THE NEARCTIC BUDWORMS OF THE LEPIDOPTEROUS GENUS HELIOTHIS By S. E. Crumb i; uarval characters of genus Heliothis 22s." 222 bee eee 8 THE MINERALS OF OBSIDIAN CLIFF, YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK, AND THEIR ORIGIN By William F. Foshag 14. The ‘minerals ofObsidian: ‘Cliffe S304 ier 3 eh rees SA 18 REVISION OF THE AMERICAN LEAF HOPPERS OF THE JASSID GENUS TYPH- LOCYBA By W. L. McAtee 1. Tegmina “of Pyphlocygoa 2854-0. AEeUe ve SRE Ae tiee ee eee 48 2-6, Genitalia, of. Typhtocybas. = 22 eae ae, 8 eee 48 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS XIII A REVISION OF THE AMERICAN LICH OF THE GENUS PEDICULUS, TOGETHER WITH A CONSIDERATION OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THEIR GEOGRAPHICAL AND HOST DISTRIBUTION By H. E. Ewing Facing page i) Pediculi trom, * m0nkeyseZ 222 ss ee eee Ue eee a Ee EON ce ae ree a 30 2. Pediculi from a monkey and from negroes_______-______----_~~_--~- 30 SE OGICULE SEO, MAN oe cs 2 an ee ek 30 NEW GENERA AND SPECIES OF ACALYPTRATE FLIES IN THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM By J. R. Malloch 1. Details of Sapromyzidae and Drosophilidae__........._.___.-.-.___. 36 2. Details of Sapromyzidae, Drosophilidae, and Agromyzidae______-___-_ 36 NortH AMERICAN TWO-WINGED FLIES OF THE GENUS CYLINDROMYIA MEIGEN (OCYPTERA OF AUTHORS) By J. M. Aldrich i Details. of Cylindromyia Meigen 2225.) 2 25025 Spee Sere! 28 A COLLECTION OF PLEISTOCENE VERTEBRATES FROM SOUTHWESTERN TEXAS By Oliver P. Hay 1. Glyptodon petaliferus. 2. Neochoerus pinckneyi_____-----------_____ 18 2. Anancus orarius. 2. Chlamytherium septentrionale. 3. Glyptodon CLOUT CIES) ea = eee oe 2a se 2 ee See ed ees 18 Spee CCH O Lee TULL US ese ane e coee Ree R O e aee e e 18 4- Teeth of Ananews onarius sis sa tisct stil) Tey Steph Ted septa ses be rd Sipe 18 5. Teeth and jaws of Anancus orarius__.-..-__ 2 2 gs eFey Tyce 18 6. 1, Anancus orarius. 2. Neochoerus pinckneyi______-.--_-_-----___- 18 a Nooth of Anancus. defloccatus_....-..- 2 etn ss ae ied With 18 8. 1, Ananeus defloceatus. 2. Neochoerus pinckneyi___-__--..--_-____-- 18 TEXT FIGURES TERTIARY INSECTS FROM ARGHNTINA By T. D A. Coekerell Page ALOU Oe OCT OS Mss INUCLIOI WAM 2 aos ee ee 2 DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW INTERNAL PARASITES By Edward A. Chapin 1-2. Contracaecum turgidum. 1, front view of head. 2, caudal extrem- TGV mOl TAQ Ss Seer he a AES ra re oe eS 2 3-4. 3. Contracaecum turgidwm. Anterior portion of digestive tract, show- ing esophageal and intestinal appendages. 4, Contracaecum mag- nipapillatum. Caudal extremity of male....._.-.--_.-_.--_-_--- 3 XIV a LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS TERTIARY INSECTS FROM KuDIA RIVER, MARITIME PROVINCE, SIBERIA By T. D. A. Cockerell 1. Part of venation of Phryganéa tavrushimi = 2. Discoidal and median cells of Amagupsyche perlata__________»__ 3. End of discoidal cell of Limnephilus recultus____________________-___- 4. Part of venation OF Plecie Wag ==" 2 ee eee 5; Part of venation..of; Ptecta, kudielle. 2 =o ee eee ee eee NorRTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF TWO-WINGED FLIES BELONGING TO THE TRIBE MILTOGRAM MINI By Harry W. Allen 1. Variation in the structure of the meditergite or postscutellum. Lateral aspect. A, Tachinidae (Tachinmella Walker), B. Milto- gramminae (Senotainia trilineata Van der Wulp), C. Sarcophaginae (Sarcophaga communis Parker); mt’, postscutellum, sl? scutellum, 2¢ first abdominal segment. A and C adapted from young________~ 2. Fie. 2. Ventral view of abdomen to show variation in the development and position of the second sternite. A, Tachinidae (lrontina aletiae Riley), B, Miltogramminae (Senotainia trilneata Van der Wulp). @, Sarcophaginae (Sarcophaga, species), 2f, tergite of first segment, 2s, second sternite reduced and submerged beneath tergite in Tachinidae, enlarged and overlapping tergite in Miltogramminae snd) Sarcopharinae <= Cs a eee A CLASSIFICATION OF THE TOOTHLIKE FOSSILS, CONODONTS, WITH DESCRIP- TIONS OF AMERICAN DEVONIAN AND MISSISSIPPIAN SPECIES By E. O. Ulrich and R. S. Bassler . Apparatus for preparation of ammonium chloride sublimate_________ . Distacodidae; new family). 2°. 3 S25) gees otey cee ta ent firey at ‘ Prioniedidae, new: family..._s2+e7 28s _ vexeadaea Se etepge gees /Prioniodinidae; new family_—..—_ —- 5. eet eee eee tee . Polygnathidae, new family_____--__- Seedteee tt edna 5 siehoraede om NH PARASITIC NEMATODES FROM CHINA By Benjamin Schwartz i-8. Subulura chinensis. 1, posterior end of male (lateral view) ; 2, ven- tral view of posterior end of male; 3, posterior end of female (lateral: view)<. 5. Se ee TERMITES COLLECTED ON THE MuLFORD BIOLOGICAL EXPLORATION TO THE AMAZON Bastn, 1921-1922 By Thomas FP. Snyder 1. Map showing routes of the Swedish (Nordenskioldi) Expedition to South America (Bolivia and Peru), 1904-1905, and the Mulford Biological Exploration of the Amazon Basin (Brazil and Bolivia), 1921-1922. Routes of these two expeditions transferred to map of the Republic of Bolivia by FE. Idiaquez (1901)_----_-----_------__- =~ Ct a 44 i) Ce LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS . Contrasting dorsal views of three frontal processes on heads of sol- diers of three American spinitermes; note that the processes are slightly asymmetrical. a. Soldier of Mirotermes (Spinitermes) robustus Snyder. (Ixiamas, Bolivia, December, 1921.) 0. Soldier of Mirotermes (Spinitermes) brevicornutus Holmgren. Rosario, Bo- livia, November, 1921.) ce. Soldier of Mirotermes (Spinitermes) trispinous Hagen. (Cachuela Esperanza, Beni River, Bolivia, Mareh, 1922.) (Figs. 3a, 6, and c Camera Lucida, all drawn to the-Same7scale) “ers. $2e a) Sate Pa 4 it eet bse ee ee . Contrasting views of soldiers of new Neocapritermes. «@. Dorsal view of head and pronotum of the soldier of Capritermes (Neocapri- termes) hopkinsi Snyder showing twisted mandibles. 6b. Lateral view of head and pronotum of the soldier of Capritermes (Neocap- ritermes) hopkinsit Snyder showing twisted mandibles. c. Dorsal view of head and pronotum of the soldier of Capritermes (Neo- capritermes) braziliensis Snyder; note narrow head and twisted TG T DGS tes a) oe 2 oe ee a ee eee eee THEE MINERALS OF OBSIDIAN CLIFF, YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK, AND ht oe als Wo av THEIR ORIGIN By William F. Foshag . Two habits of feldspar from the lithophysae of Obsidian Cliff.---___- Section of ring in lithophysae showing the relation of the tridymite (white) tonthe feldspari(stippled ) _o! feces ets Crystal habit of fayalite from the lithopbysae of Obsidian Cliff______ Crystal habit of fayalite from the lithophysae of Obsidian Cliff_._____ Diagram showing relative solubility of the forms of silica___________ A REVISION OF THE AMERICAN LICE OF THE GENUS PEDICULUS, TOGETHER on 6. ~1 WITH A CONSIDERATION OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THEIR GEOGRAPHICAL AND HOST DISTRIBUTION By H. E. Ewing . The right antenna of female from above of; A, Pediculus huwmanus humanus Linnaeus; B, Pediculus humanus americanus, new variety ; and C, Pediculus humanus nigritarum Fabricius__...._._-.--_-_-_- Drawings of the right thoracic spiracle of a female louse of five dif- FELCH Uw KINGS Ob VE COICUN cease es nn | een ee ST eee ee Lateral views of the right pleural plates of females of A, Pediculus lamanus hunvanus Linnaeus, from Germany; B, P. humanus ameri- canus, new variety, from Indian mummy; C, P. humanus nigri- tarum Fabricius, from negro in Africa: D, P. consobrinus Piaget, from DLOWi-biNpeG IMAPMOSCt oe en ee . A, lateral view of first pleural plate of right side of Pediculus (Para- pediculus) atelophilus, new species; B, lateral view of right pleural plates of female of Pediculus (Parapediculus) chapini, new species_ Anterior view of distal end of left hind tibia of males of three species of Pediculus, all drawn to the same scale_____ ek ROE R FSP eee ome nes Ventral view of end of left anterior leg of male of Pediculus (Pedi- culls) humanus nigritarum FPabricius2. 222-2 tea see Ee . Ventral, or posterior, view of end of left anterior leg of male of Pediculus (Pediculus) humanus Linnaeus, taken in Germany_---_- XV Page 62 65 9 10 11 15 6 ve XVI LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 5. Map showing the distribution of spider monkeys (Ateles), based chiefly..on records: given iby, Millett 2-2 e446 ne A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF BORBORID FLIES FROM SouTH AMERIOA By Mario Bezzi 1-2. Pycnopota manni, 1 wing; 2, head; pri, prelabrum___________ | A COLLECTION OF PLEISTOCENE VERTEBRATES FROM SOUTHWESTERN TEXAS By Oliver P. Hay 1-2. Sections near base of lower molars 2 and 8 of camels. 1, Camelops OTan3sa3 "2, (COMEClODS SULCALUS =e ee ee ee AMPHIPODS OF THE FAMILY BATEIDAE IN THE COLLECTION OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM By Clarence R. Shoemaker 1. Batea catharinensis Miiller, Male, Woods Hole, Mass. a. Head and antennae; 0, upper lip and epistome; ¢ and d, first gnathopods of different individuals; e, gnathopod 2, showing teeth of palm: f, abdomen and appendages; g, posterior lateral margin of abdom- inal segment 3; h, uropod and telson_-__.--_-__-__-____._ 2. Batea catharinensis Miiller, male, Woods Hole, Mass. a, Head; b, lower lip; ce, peraeopod 1; d, peraeopod 2; e, peraeopod 3; jf; peraeopod! 4s''7,“peraeccpodi hii: (al ewe Sei ierey Wen erie ne 5. Batae catharinensis Miiller, Woods Hole, Mass. Male.—a, Gnathopod 2; b and ¢, left mandible; d, maxilla 1; e, maxilla 2; f, maxilliped; g, gnathopod 1. Female.—h, Head; i, antenna 1; j, antenna 2; k, inner plate of maxilla 1; 1, gnathopod 1; m, gnathopod 2; n, peracopod: 15.0, VeracOpod: 222 Sa eee See elo eee eee 4. Batea catharinensis Miiller, Chesapeake Bay.—a, Left mandible, female; 6, palp of left mandible, female; c, gnathopod 1, male; d, gnathopod 1, female; e, gnathopod 2 female. Inside mouth of May River, South Carolina.—f, gnathopod 1, male; g, gnathopod 2, male; h, peraeopod 2, male; i, peraeopod 3, male; j, peraeopod 4, male; k, peraeopod 5, male; J posterior lateral margin of abdom- inal segment 3, male; m, telson, male, Mouth of Bulls Creek, near Cooper River, South Carolina.—n, gnathopod 1, female___________ ov. Batea rectangulata Shoemaker, San Francisquito Bay, Gulf of Cali- fornia. Female.—a, gnathopod 1; b, gnathopod 2; ec, peraeopod 1; di, DOTA CODOG De 2 = an ea is ody 8 ae eae 6. Batea rectangulata Shoemaker, San Francisquito Bay, Gulf of Cali- fornia. Female.—a, gnathopod 2, showing teeth of palm and finger ; b, peraeopod 2; c, peraeopod 3; d, peraeopod 4____________ . batea rectangulata Shoemaker, San Francisquito Bay, Gulf of Cali- fornia. Female.—a, Head and first two thoracic segments; }B, left mandible; c, palp of left mandible; d, right mandible; e, palp of right mandible; f, maxilla 1; g, maxilla 2; h, maxilliped; LE MOwerwylip src. 2 tee ate a eat 2 af ee: ee =] Page 27 ~ 10 11 12 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS XVII Page 8. Batea transversa, new species, Point Loma, California. Male—a, Mandible; b, maxilla 1; c, maxilla 2; d, maxilliped; e, lower lip; f, gnathopod 1; g, posterior lateral margin of abdominal segment 3; h, telson. Catalina Harbor, Santa Catalina Island, female.—i, maxilla: 2): k,.maxilliped ; t, lower lip..-2 2-2-4 -_ 14 9. Batea transversa, new species, Catalina Harbor, Santa Catalina Island. Female.—a, Head and first three thoracic segments; b, mandible; ec, gnathopod 1; d, gnathopod 2, much enlarged; e, peraeopod 1; f, peraeopod 3; g, posterior lateral margin of abdominal segment SIE LC SOI ens ee 2s ee meet ec eee ten tk oe So he oS 10. Batea transversa, new species, Point Loma, California. Male.—a, Head and antennae; 6, gnathopod 2; c, peraeopod 1; d, peraeopod 2; e, peraeopod 3; f, peraeopod 4; g, peraeopod 5__--------____- 16 11. Batea transversa, new species, Catalina Harbor, Santa Catalina Island. Female.—da, Gnathopod 2; 6, peraeopod 2; c, peraeopod AAR PCLACO DOC Os as ae SE eS Ee ee a eS Le 12. Batea lobata, new species. Female.—a, Head; b, mandible; c, max- illa 1; d, maxilliped; e, lower lip; f and g, gnathopod 1; h, pas Cr 13. Batea lobata, new species. Female——a and 0, Gnathopod 2; ¢, gnathopod 2, much enlarged; d, peraeopod 1; e, peraeopod 2; f, peraeopod 3; g, peraeopod 4; h, peraeopod 5; i, posterior lat- eral margin of abdominal segment 3... _.-_.---_.--__~_=--~~—=~ 20 14. Carinobatea cuspidata, new genus and species. Male.—a, Entire animal; b, gnathopod 1; ¢c, gnathopod 2; d, peraeopod 1; e, peraeo- pod 2; f, peraeopod 3; g, peraeopod 4; h, peraeopod 5; i, posterior lateral margin of abdominal segment 3; j, uropod; k, telson_____~- 15. Carinobatea cuspidata, new genus and species. Male.—a, head; b, right mandible; ec, maxilla 1; d, maxilla 2; e, maxilliped; f, lower lip; g, antenna 1; h, antenna 2; i, gnathopod 1; j, gnathopod 2; k, gnathopod 2, enlarged; J, uropod 3; m, telson. Female.—n, Gnathopod! 1:;- 6, gnathopod 2.22.22. 2--- 2 s—_ _ e 23 16. Carinobatea carinata, new genus and species. Male.—a, Gnathopod 1; 6, gnathopod 2. Female.—c, Head and gnathopod 1; d, gnatho- pod 1; e, gnathopod 2; f, hand, enlarged; g, peraeopod 5; h, uropod 1; i, uropod 3; j, telson; k, telson of another individual; J, abdo- MEME SHOWIN wCATIN A Oise aa a ee tb be to OU ms Wess Be Re rer eee 2 mer oan wry ie ms ees he otitis Besos ale re m4 a AM PIE: ee cap one aes j fe ‘it. a Feit ta (i ee my? Piiume ae le hee eo: nee Secure. iy ase Piety ot cP aaiths a genet ty. Pugie ses ‘pality, as, re us tM geo mes eee: fi eM ieHo Rea, SEED rut Piet sito eicte Lhgtnicne’. Sai Mebsiity: Mbgy Say. ‘i : Meehan VP 2L Seti Pantie. Foe wee BE Pee Sau ae RR rag “eR a RoR mba d dS at aaa IN ined ec be ah t) Be ne 8 | oe pe eth ee et yeite at SH ae ; bar Pagae ew bee 13 Peat alr + J teaser 6 Best oh Teese = et Apc reas + Ts Ba 4 RS HM) Gaon ar 4! ora a ade ' ire ae e eo as - A TT nS : Gg seg 2 Sl ant Dene. & Ei a tee a Ya, Mi py BD igen ve PA Py atage ae disieed Ne . shia ie ey A ae Ba eT) las bot . F Sarai Re tee ee ve aed a ity a. oy te lg ea eae oe nt hos tie ti ‘tba: 7 hae aie fee td, on weisarg tees ‘ phy ster id i oe prin We Sen ase) a ne ar ia : TERTIARY INSECTS FROM ARGENTINA By T. D. A. CocKERELL Of the University of Colorado, Boulder Until recently no fossil insects were known from South America. The first to be recorded were two Diptera in amber from Colombia, unfortunately of uncertain age.! As early as 1917 Dr. G. R. Wieland found two species in Upper Triassic (Rhaetic) rock at Minas de Pet- roleo, southwest of Mendoza, Argentina. These he described and figured in arecent paper’ regarding them as new genera and species of Tipulidae (Diptera). The smaller species is Dipterous but the large one (Tipuloidea rhaetica) is in fact one of the Homoptera, with the clavus missing, as is so often the case in fossils. In any case, however, Doctor Wieland’s discovery is of extraordinary interest, and his well-illustrated account will remain one of the most impor- tant contributions to paleoentomology. We now have to chronicle a third find of South American fossil insects, made by G. L. Harring- ton, of Buenos Aires. The material was kindly forwarded to me by Dr. R. S. Bassler and belongs to the United States National Museum. The locality is Sunchal in the Province of Jujuy, appar- ently more than 500 miles north of Doctor Wieland’s locality. The rock is gray, and is known to be of Tertiary age. In appearance and in the absence of compression of the specimens it is just like the Oligocene insect-bearing rock at Gurnet Bay, Isle of Wight.* Fragments of numerous insects are present, but I have felt obliged to restrict myself to the description of seven species of beetles (from elytra) and one caddis-fly (from a wing). There can be no doubt that extensive collecting would greatly increase the list of recogni- zable species, and would presumably reveal forms of greater interest and significance. The assemblage now recorded is unsatisfactory, yet important as giving us a first idea of the Tertiary insect life of the region. I should not venture to name the beetle elytra but for 1Cockerell, Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. 5, 1923, pp. 331-333. 2 Wieland, Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. 9, 1925, pp. 21-28. 3 Since this was written my wife and I have visited the Sunchal locality, and secured a large collection of fossil insects. We also visited Doctor Wieland’s locality near Mendoza, and found beautifully pre- served Rhaetic plants, but no insects. No. 2602.—PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEuM. VOL. 68, ART. | 53198—25 a 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 the fact that Doctor Bassler’s excellent photographs make them readily recognizable. For ready reference the following table of beetle elytra may be serviceable: Surface without striae or punctures_____._.__.__------ Tenebrionites inclinans Surface with striae but no punctures_______----- Carabid (?) species uncertain. Surface with: rows, of puncturess2s26 = 2252. eee ee ee eee 1 Ieoieng th 2: 5:mm S25 eS eee ee dee eae Curculionites jujuyensis beng th 4mm. Or Oven soe Lee oa a ae ce pine ee ele ete 2 2 2. Long and parallel-sided, the width not quite one-third of length Cossonus (?) devoratus Shorter or broader, the width much more than a third of length_________~ 3 3. Large and black, width 3 mm., punctures very strong_Otiorhynchites aterrimus Smaller or more slender, width not over 2.5 mm--_--_.--------------=--- 4 4. Slender, width less than 2 mm.; inner margin with a strong double curve Curculionites wielandi More robust, ‘width® over 2*mm? 22. 25 S2are See SV ae eee 5 *5. Apical region broad, apex very obtuse______------ Curculionites harringtoni Apical region narrowed, apex narrower-------- Anthonomus (?) sunchalensis It will be seen that six of the seven described species are consid- ered to be weevils. TRICHOPTERA The small specimen described below appears to represent a family (Molannidae) new to South America, but it is so imperfect that its generic position remains in doubt. MOLANNA (?) DEROSA, new species Anterior wing; length as preserved 4 mm., probable total length 5 mm.; shape of wing about as usual in the genus; as preserved it is color- less, with the venation pale brown. It lus. ase WL ae is not possible to see all the details, but ——— most of what is visible agrees quite he closely with the male of the European ——————. WM. angustata Curtis. The apparently _ ——sreduced and simple condition of the "= radius, the only moderately oblique Fig. 1,—Motanna verosa. Anterior end of the cell between the radius and a its sector, the r.-m. cross-vein only just beyond the end of the radial cell, and the media with two straight branches above, reaching edge of wing above the apex, are all Molanna characters. Below this it is only possible to see part of an apparently simple vein, then a fork and then part of another simple vein. In principle this is not very different from the condition in some species of Molannodes. In view of the imperfection of the specimen and the extreme differences in venation known to exist in this group, espe- cially when the living and amber (Oligocene) species are epipered there is‘no basis for proposing a new generic name. ART. 1 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM ARGENTINA—COCKERELL o _ Sunchal, Dept. Sta. Barbara, Prov. Jujuy, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70809, U.S.N.M. The Molannidae, although specialized (by reduction of veins), appear to be on the wane at the present time. Ulmer cites 7 species from the Palaearctic region (excluding Japan), 2 from Japan, 4 from the Nearctic region, and 2 from the Orient. In 1914 Banks added another Nearctic species from Winnipeg. Thegenus Beraeodes Eaton, found in Baltic amber and the Oligocene of the Isle of Wight, and with also a living European species, is placed under Molannidae by Ulmer in 1909, but excluded from it in 1912. COLEOPTERA The rather numerous species are represented by elytra and other fragments, in no case complete beetles, and we get the impression that they may have come from the excrement of some insectivorous bird or fish. Under these circumstances accurate determination of the genera is difficult or impossible, but the species described should be recognizable. OTIORHYNCHITES ATERRIMUS, new species Plate 1, fig. 1 Elytron 5 mm. long and 3 wide; 4 to 5 punctures in 1 mm. of length. Black, convex, with eight broad longitudinal grooves con- taining large round punctures, which are larger than the intervals between them; there are about or rather over 20 punctures in the middle grooves; in addition to the above, along the lower margin is a row of close-set small punctures, the upper part of which is divided into two widely separated rows; apex of elytron obtuse. Sunchal, Dept. Sta. Barbara, Prov. Jujuy, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70810, U.S.N.M. COSSONUS (?) DEVORATUS, new species Plate 1, fig. 2 Elytron pale brown, parallel-sided; length 6.2, breadth 2 mm.; about five punctures in 1 mm. of length; apex rounded. Ten rows of close-set rather large punctures, so arranged that they form oblique transverse rows; two raised V-shaped marks due to converg- ing ridges near apex. Sunchal, Dept. Sta. Barbara, Prov. Jujuy, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70811, U.S.N.M. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 In the same piece of rock as the type of Molanna derosa, and only 5 mm. from it. This may not be a true Cossonus, but it is more convincing than the two fossil species recorded by Scudder from . North America so far as the shape of the elytron goes. (. (?) devora- tus might be referred to such a Chrysomelid genus as Anisodera or Anisoderopsis but it is easily separated by the punctures not being in geminate rows. ANTHONOMUS (?) SUNCHALENSIS, new species Plate 1, figs. 3, 4 Klytron dark reddish brown; length 5 mm., breadth 2.4 mm.; outer (upper) margin gently convex, apex obtusely angled. Nine fine punctate striae, the punctures small and somewhat elongate, over 30 in each stria; distance between successive punctures about half the distance between striae; the striae converge apically, the innermost meeting some distance before the apex. A delicate linear groove runs parallel with and close to the margin. Sunchal, Dept. Sta. Barbara, Prov. Jujuy, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70812, U.S.N.M. The arrangement of the striae suggests Anthonomus, but of course whatever scales (or pubescence) may have existed have been lost. The type is on the same piece of rock as Cossonus devoratus, and less than 2 mm. from it. Other elytra of A. (?) sunchalensis are on the same rock. CURCULIONITES HARRINGTONI, new species Plate 1, fig. 5 Elytron 5.5 mm. long, 2.56 mm. wide; black, moderately convex, apex very obtuse, eight punctured striae, the punctures small and round, striae separated by distances much greater than those between successive punctures. Sunchal, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Named after the discoverer of the first Tertiary insects known from Argentina. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70813, U.S.N.M. CURCULIONITES JUJUYENSIS, new species Plate 1, fig. 6 Elytron 2.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide; pale brown, moderately convex, apex obtuse but subangulate; nine rows of strong, large punctures, over 20 in a row. Sunchal, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70814, U.S.N.M. ART. 1 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM ARGENTINA—COCKERELL 5 CURCULIONITES WIELANDI, new species Plate 1, fig. 8 Elytron 4 mm. long, 1.8 mm. wide; dark reddish brown, apex obtuse; nine rows of rather small punctures, obsolete in apical region. Sunchal, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Named after Dr. G. R. Wieland, who was the first to find fossil sects in Argentina. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70815, U.S.N.M. TENEBRIONITES INCLINANS, new species Plate 1, fig. 7 Elytron 4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide; brown, base broadly truncate, apex obtusely subangulate, surface finely rugulose, without punc- tures or striae; a short angulate ridge near scutellar margin. Sunchal, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70816, U.S.N.M. Certainly not congeneric with Tenebrionites anglicus Cockerell, the type of the genus, but placed here because of a certain general re- semblance to Tenebrionidae. EXPLANATION OF PLATE Fic. 1. Otiorhynchites aterrimus. . Cossonus devoratus. . Anthonomus sunchalensis. Type. . Anthonomus sunchalensis (Another example.) . Curculionites harringtoni. Curculionites gujuyensis. . Tenebrionites inclinans. Curculionites wielandi. WNP P ww = ‘ iy manne ont. oo ¥ f soca a =o ot Ole BG , aes eis nk. , i : = orn 2 cn BS: i _ al pam gare ay me fy J i an ne (hs can , - U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. | PL. | TERTIARY INSECTS FROM ARGENTINA FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 6 =. we ars pia | aes — — oe ee ‘ TERTIARY INSECTS FROM ARGENTINA By T. D. A. CocKkERELL Of the University of Colorado, Boulder Until recently no fossil insects were known from South America. The first to be recorded were two Diptera in amber from Colombia, unfortunately of uncertain age.! As early as 1917 Dr. G. R. Wieland found two species in Upper Triassic (Rhaetic) rock at Minas de Pet- roleo, southwest of Mendoza, Argentina. These he described and figured in arecent paper’? regarding them as new genera and species of Tipulidae (Diptera). The smaller species is Dipterous but the large one (Tipuloidea rhaetica) is in fact one of the Homoptera, with the clavus missing, as is so often the case in fossils. In any case, however, Doctor Wieland’s discovery is of extraordinary interest, and his well-illustrated account will remain one of the most impor- tant contributions to paleoentomology. We now have to chronicle a third find of South American fossil insects, made by G. L. Harring- ton, of Buenos Aires. The material was kindly forwarded to me by Dr. R. S. Bassler and belongs to the United States National Museum. The locality is Sunchal in the Province of Jujuy, appar- ently more than 500 miles north of Doctor Wieland’s locality. The rock is gray, and is known to be of Tertiary age. In appearance and in the absence of compression of the specimens it is just like the Oligocene insect-bearing rock at Gurnet Bay, Isle of Wight.* Fragments of numerous insects are present, but I have felt obliged to restrict myself to the description of seven species of beetles (from elytra) and one caddis-fly (from a wing). There can be no doubt that extensive collecting would greatly increase the list of recogni- zable species, and would presumably reveal forms of greater interest and significance. The assemblage now recorded is unsatisfactory, yet important as giving us a first idea of the Tertiary insect life of the region. I should not venture to name the beetle elytra but for 1Cockerell, Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. 5, 1923, pp. 331-333. 2Wieland, Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. 9, 1925, pp. 21-28. 3 Since this was written my wife and I have visited the Sunchal locality, and secured a large collection of fossil insects. We also visited Doctor Wicland’s locality near Mendoza, and found beautifully pre- served Rhaetic plants, but no insects. No. 2602.—PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 68, ART. | 53196—25 1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 the fact that Doctor Bassler’s excellent photographs make them readily recognizable. For ready reference the following table of beetle elytra may be serviceable: Surface without striae or punctures_________..._------ Tenebrionites inclinans Surface with striae but no punctures________--__-_ Carabid (?) species uncertain. Surface: with ‘rows of punctures. 3o- 2 =. 2s Sew eee ee ae ce ee eee 1 1 hength(2:5. am. <22 222. 2 he een ee eee Curculionites jujuyensis eneth 4:mm. or OVverseei so = = wile 2 ep a see 2 2. Long and parallel-sided, the width not quite one-third of length Cossonus (?) devoratus Shorter or broader, the width much more than a third of length__________ 3 8. Large and black, width 3 mm., punctures very strong_Otiorhynchites aterrimus Smaller orjmore.slender,. width not..over,2.5, mm_._ 2.3.2.4. eee 4 4. Slender, width less than 2 mm.; inner margin with a strong double curve Curculionites wielandi More‘robust rwidthwover 2 mm! 22. 3 oe as Bee Fee A ee Ey eee 5 5. Apical region broad, apex very obtuse___-__------ Curculionites harringtoni Apical region narrowed, apex narrower- ------- Anthonomus (?) sunchalensis It will be seen that six of the seven described species are consid- ered to be weevils. TRICHOPTERA The small specimen described below appears to represent a family (Molannidae) new to South America, but it is so imperfect that its generic position remains in doubt. MOLANNA (?) DEROSA, new species Anterior wing; length as preserved 4 mm., probable total length 5 mm.; shape of wing about as usual in the genus; as preserved it is color- less, with the venation pale brown. It mia sapien alas is not possible to see all the details, but most of what is visible agrees quite fe closely with the male of the European ———— lM. angustata Curtis. The apparently Ye, Sasa reduced and simple condition of the = radius, the only moderately oblique Fic. 1.—Motanna perosa. Anterior end of the cell between the radius and ves its sector, the r.-m. cross-vein only just beyond the end of the radial cell, and the media with two straight branches above, reaching edge of wing above the apex, are all Molanna characters. Below this it is only possible to see part of an apparently simple vein, then a fork and then part of another simple vein. In principle this is not very different from the condition in some species of Molannodes. In view of the imperfection of the specimen and the extreme differences in venation known to exist in this group, espe- cially when the living and amber (Oligocene) species are compared, there is no basis for proposing a new generic name. ART. 1 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM ARGENTINA—COCKERELL 3 Sunchal, Dept. Sta. Barbara, Prov. Jujuy, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70809, U.S.N.M. The Molannidae, although specialized (by reduction of veins), appear to be on the wane at the present time. Ulmer cites 7 species from the Palaearctic region (excluding Japan), 2 from Japan, 4 from the Nearctic region, and 2 from the Orient. In 1914 Banks added another Nearctic species from Winnipeg. Thegenus Beraeodes Katon, found in Baltic amber and the Oligocene of the Isle of Wight, and with also a living European species, is placed under Molannidae by Ulmer in 1909, but excluded from it in 1912. COLEOPTERA The rather numerous species are represented by elytra and other fragments, in no case complete beetles, and we get the impression that they may have come from the excrement of some insectivorous bird or fish. Under these circumstances accurate determination of the genera is difficult or impossible, but the species described should be recognizable. OTIORHYNCHITES ATERRIMUS, new species Plate 1, fig. 1 Elytron 5 mm. long and 3 wide; 4 to 5 punctures in 1 mm. of length. Black, convex, with eight broad longitudinal grooves con- taining large round punctures, which are larger than the intervals between them; there are about or rather over 20 punctures in the middle grooves; in addition to the above, along the lower margin is a row of close-set small punctures, the upper part of which is divided into two widely separated rows; apex of elytron obtuse. Sunchal, Dept. Sta. Barbara, Prov. Jujuy, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70810, U.S.N.M. COSSONUS (7?) DEVORATUS, new species Plate 1, fig. 2 Elytron pale brown, parallel-sided; length 6.2, breadth 2 mm.; about five punctures in 1 mm. of length; apex rounded. Ten rows of close-set rather large punctures, so arranged that they form oblique transverse rows; two raised V-shaped marks due to converg- ing ridges near apex. Sunchal, Dept. Sta. Barbara, Prov. Jujuy, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.-—Cat. No. 70811, U.S.N.M. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 In the same piece of rock as the type of Molanna derosa, and only 5 mm. from it. This may not be a true Cossonus, but it is more convincing than the two fossil species recorded by Scudder from North America so far as the shape of the elytron goes. C. (?) devora- tus might be referred to such a Chrysomelid genus as Anisodera or Anisoderopsis but it is easily separated by the punctures not being in geminate rows. ANTHONOMUS (?) SUNCHALENSIS, new species Plate 1, figs. 3, 4 Elytron dark reddish brown; length 5 mm., breadth 2.4 mm.; outer (upper) margin gently convex, apex obtusely angled. Nine fine punctate striae, the punctures small and somewhat elongate, over 30 in each stria; distance between successive punctures about half the distance between striae; the striae converge apically, the innermost meeting some distance before the apex. A delicate linear groove runs parallel with and close to the margin. | Sunchal, Dept. Sta. Barbara, Prov. Jujuy, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70812, U.S.N.M. The arrangement of the striae suggests Anthonomus, but of course whatever scales (or pubescence) may have existed have been lost. The type is on the same piece of rock as Cossonus devoratus, and less than 2 mm. from it. Other elytra of A. (?) sunchalensis are on the same rock. CURCULIONITES HARRINGTONI, new species Plate 1, fig. 5 Elytron 5.5 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide; black, moderately convex, apex very obtuse, eight punctured striae, the punctures small and round, striae separated by distances much greater than those between successive punctures. Sunchal, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Named after the discoverer of the first Tertiary insects known from Argentina. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70813, U.S.N.M. CURCULIONITES JUJUYENSIS, new species Plate 1, fig. 6 Elytron 2.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide; pale brown, moderately convex, apex obtuse but subangulate; nine rows of strong, large punctures, over 20 in a row. Sunchal, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70814, U.S.N.M. ART. 1 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM ARGENTINA—COCKERELL 5 CURCULIONITES WIELANDI, new species Plate 1, fig. 8 Elytron 4 mm. long, 1.8 mm. wide; dark reddish brown, apex obtuse; nine rows of rather small punctures, obsolete in apical region. Sunchal, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Named after Dr. G. R. Wieland, who was the first to find fossil insects in Argentina. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70815, U.S.N.M. TENEBRIONITES INCLINANS, new species Plate 1, fig. 7 Elytron 4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide; brown, base broadly truncate, apex obtusely subangulate, surface finely rugulose, without punc- tures or striae; a short angulate ridge near scutellar margin. Sunchal, Argentina, in rock of Tertiary age. Holotype.—Cat. No. 70816, U.S.N.M. Certainly not congeneric with Tenebrionites anglicus Cockerell, the type of the genus, but placed here because of a certain general re- semblance to Tenebrionidae. EXPLANATION OF PLATE . Otiorhynchites aterrimus. . Cossonus devoratus. Anthonomus sunchalensis. Type. Anthonomus sunchalensis (Another example.) . Curculionttes harringtoni. . Curculionites jujuyensis. Tenebrionites inclinans. . Curculionites wielandi. oni 3-5: ee ms w ad wt cor dabe RAH zt tr ERY Y Aerie i, Satan SuvcicAe ; ; ate iia wee ae * Pit Cee HY, a}, = mane | 2 dd) ATA PEs] PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM TERTIARY INSECTS FROM ARGENTINA FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 5 ibs ee ae 7 ‘ ~ - ” => #3 -e * - 7 ' 7 ‘ 7 7 a DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW INTERNAL PARASITES By Epwarp A. CHAPIN Of the Bureau of Animal Industry, United States Department of Agriculture Among the collections made by Dr, Alexander Wetmore, while a member of the U.S. S. Tanager Expedition of 1923 under the joint auspices of the Biological Survey, United States Department of Agriculture, and the Bishop Museum of Honolulu, were two lots of nematodes and one of cestodes, representing as Many species. Both of the nematode species proved to be new to science and are herewith described. According to Doctor Wetmore, all of the monk seals (Monachus schauinslandw) which were examined for parasites had nematoda in abundance within the stomach. Owing to the exigencies of the situation, it was difficult to preserve parasitic material and only samples were obtained. He also says that, so far as his memory serves, the wall of the stomach of a parasitized animal did not show ulcers. This condition indicates that there may be a division of the genus Contracaecum into ulcer-forming and nonulcer-forming species just as there is in the genus Heterakis. NEMATODA FAMILY ASCARIDAE , CONTRACAECUM TURGIDUM, new species Male: Length 45 mm., greatest diameter 1.8 mm., near the middle of the body length. Lips large and nearly quadrate, subequal, 210u high. Dorsal lip bears two double papillae, each subventral lip with a single double papilla. Interlabia comparatively large; those adja_ cent to the dorsal lip carry the amphids which appear in transverse section as circular spaces. Excretory pore opens at the base of the ventral interlabium; 75 behind the base of the lips is a rather deep constriction, causing the anterior portion of the neck region to as- sume a collarlike form. Cervical papillae oval, slightly prominent,. 47 behind the cervical constriction. Esophagus 6.3 mm. long. In-- testinal appendix six-elevenths as long as esophagus, esophageal ap- No. 2603.—PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL Museum, VOL. 68, ART. 2 §3197—25t 1 9 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 68 pendix one-third as long as esophagus. Cloaca 390yu before posterior extremity of worm, which bears a conical appendage 120u long. The usual pair of double papillae are situated 100u behind the cloaca and are separated by an interval of 85. Outside the double papil- lae and extending some distance before and behind the cloaca is, on each side of the worm, a group of twenty-seven papillae. Of these ten are behind the transverse level of the cloaca. Just before the caudal appendage there is a median group of eight papillae, arranged in two rows of four each. Extending forward from each lateral group of papillae is a row of about twenty papillae, the last member of which is about ten millimeters in front of the cloaca. The spic- ules are very long; the right measures 12 mm., the left 11.8 mm. Female: Length 62 mm., greatest diameter 2.8 mm., near middle of body length. Lips similar in form and arrangement to those of the male, lips 150y high, interlabia slightly less. Labial papillae as Fias. 1-2.—-CONTRACAECUM TURGIDUM. 1, FRONT VIEW OF HEAD. 2, CAUDAL EXTREMITY OF MALE inmale. Amphids and excretory pore asin male. Cervical constric- tion 105yu behind baséof lips. Esophagus 6 mm. long, relative lengths of the appendices as in male. Vulva near anterior third of body length, vagina short, oviduct thick and muscular, about 2 mm. long, bifurcating to form two voluminous, thin walled uteri both of which are directed posteriad. Anus 800y before the porterior extremity. Tail conical, rapidly narrowing to the caudal spike which is 15y in length. Eggs spherical to ovate, averaging 60u by 54y, with smooth thick shells. Habitat.—In stomach of Monachus schauinslandu, April 8, 1923, Alex. Wetnoore. . Locality—Hawaii, Laysan Island. Type.-—U. 8S. N. M. Helminthological Collection No. 26202, Para- types No. 26203, and in the collections of the Bishop Museum. It may be noted that in the above-described species, as well as in all other species of this genus that the writer has examined, the ART. 2 NEW INTERNAL PARASITES—CHAPIN S interlabia carry certain definite organs. The submedian dorsal in- terlabia contain the amphids which according to Steiner are sense organs of the olfactory or gustatory type. The ventral interlabium supports in its lower part the terminal portion of the excretory duct. It may be that these interlabia are modified papillae. CONTRACAECUM MAGNIPAPILLATUM, new species Male: Length 20 mm., greatest diameter 585u, near middle of body length. Lips subequal, each broader across base than high, height 75u. Interlabia slightly less high, subtriangular. Labial papillae as in C. turgidum. Amphids in interlabia adjacent to dorsal lip, excretory pore near base of ventral interlabium. Cervical constric- tion 75u behind base of lips. Cervical papillae 6454 behind base of lips, oval, slightly prominent. Esophagus 3.2 mm. long, esophageal appendix three-fourteenths, intestinal appendix three-fourths as long as esophagus, respectively. Cloaca about 200u before the posterior extremity, which ends in an acutely conical tip 13u long. Double papillae proportionately very large, the boss upon which either pair Fics. 3-4.—3, CONTRACAECUM TURGIDUM. ANTERIOR PORTION OF DIGESTIVE TRACT, SHOWING ESOPHA- GEAL AND INTESTINAL APPENDAGES. 4, CONTRACAECUM MAGNIPAPILLATUM. CAUDAL EXTREMITY OF MALE ~ is placed measures 43y by 234. The two bosses are separated by a distance equal to the shorter diameter of either. The interval be- tween the cloaca and one of the double papillae is 264. Behind the double papillae there are four single papillae, two of which are sub- median, the other pair sublateral and slightly more prominent. Pro- ceeding forward from each double papillae is a single row of twenty- one single papillae, the last member of which is about 4 mm. in front of the cloaca. The spicules are equal and similar, 3.8 mm. long, tips acute, not modified as in C. turgidum. Female: Length 23 mm., greatest width 750u, just behind the vulva. Anterior portion similar to that of male. Esophagus 3.37 mm. long, ratios of length of esophagus to that of appendices virtually the same as in the male. Vulva on a slight prominence, 8 mm. behind the anterior extremity, or about the anterior third of the body length. Vagina short (120y) and straight, opening into a muscular and some- what sinuous oviduct about 2 mm. long. Oviduct bifurcates to 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 68 form two posteriorly directed uteri. Anus 300u before the posterior extremity, which is conical with a terminal spike 10u long. Eggs oval, 68u by 45y, with thin shells. Habitat—In Megalopterus hawaviensis, organ not stated, May 17, 1923, Alex. Wetmore. Locality.— Hawaii, Lisianski Island. Type.—U.8S. N. M. Helminthological Collections No. 26204; para- types No. 25454, and in the collections of the Bishop Museum. In comparing the two species described above, the dissimilarity in the distribution of the caudal papillae of the males is at once evi- dent. So far as the writer is aware, the arrangement as seen in C. magnipapillatum is entirely different from any other species, while that of C. turgidum is quite typical. Material representing five species, including the above, has been examined and reference has been made to the remainder of the described species. The eggs of these two species are also conspicuously different in the character of the shell. It may be that when other species of Contracaecum have been recovered from other species of terns, a new genus, or at least a subgenus, will be indicated. CESTODA j Family BOTHRIOCHEPHALIDAE BOTHRIOCEPHALUS, species Two specimens of a species of Bothriocephalus close to and possibly identical with B. hians (Diesing) were collected from Monachus schauinslandii April 8, 1923, by Doctor Wetmore. The author does not feel that differentiation of the species in this genus should be undertaken without the expenditure of considerable time for study and without the examination of a moderately complete collection of authentic material. As neither time nor material is at present avail- able, the specimens (U.S. N. M., Helm. Coll. No. 26205) are left with generic identification only. O SYSTEMATIC NOTES ON AND DESCRIPTIONS OF NORTH AMERICAN WASPS OF THE SUBFAMILY BRACHY CISTIINAE By J. R. Mattocn, Of the Bureau of Biological Survey, U. S. Depariment of Agriculture In this paper are presented data obtained from a study of previ- ously unidentified specimens in the collection ot the Biological Survey and in the United States National Museum. ‘This study was under- taken for the purpose of identifying a large number of species in the first-named collection which in their unidentified condition were of little value for comparative purposes to members of the Division of Food Habits Research in so tar as specific names were concerned. An intensive study of the anatomy of the groups dealt with was under- taken and drawings of the more important structures made by means of which it may be possible to identify, at least generically, even fragments of these insects such as are most frequently met with in the stomach contents of birds and other insectivorous animals. In this paper the illustrations deal with specific rather than group characters for the greater part, and where there are good figures in previously published papers of other authors these have not been. duplicated. One of the problems facing me at the start of this work was the status of the family Psammocharidae, as well as its position in the scheme of classification. The structure of the prothorax has for many years been considered to link this group with the Scolidae, Mutillidae, and Sapygidae rather than with the Sphecoid complex; but I am not inclined to that opinion. In fact from a consideration ot all the anatomical details of members of these groups I lean to the opinion that in the structure of the prothorax, and even more obviously in other characters both of biology and structure the Psammocharidae are more closely related to Sphecoidea than to Scoliidae. In a paper dealing with Psammocharidae I will enter more into details of these relationships. Another problem that presented itself was the allocation of the genus Brachycistis. This genus has most recently been considered as belonging to the same group as Myrmosa and more specifically No. 2604.—PROCEEDINGS U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. 68, ART. 3 54291—26t——1 1 2S PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 as a member of the family Myrmosidae, though at one time the species now placed in the genus were considered as belonging to Mutillide and were linked with species of Cyphotes under that generic designation. It is my opinion that Brachycistis belongs to the Scolidse of which it should form a subfamily, or if one considers the major group as a super-family then it should be considered as a family in the complex. This family or subfamily status is largely a matter of opinion and until we have advanced farther in our knowl- edge of the Hymenoptera as a whole throughout the entire range of their occurrence a dogmatic opinion would be ill-advised. Realizing that this work is merely a small contribution to the elucidation of the classification of the group upon which it is based and that with future accessions both of species and of workers it must be carried much farther I have deposited practically all my dissected specimens and types as well as all uniques and specimens not abso- lutely necessary for carrying on the work of the bureau of which I am a member in the collection of the United States National Museum where they will be accessible to any interested student. Family SCOLIIDAE ; In this family the pronotum is carried backward at its upper pos- terior angles to a point above the level of the tegulae where there is a rather sharp angle (fig. 1, la); the mesosternum is carried backward over or between the bases of the mid coxae in the form of a cleft plate; the apical ventral segment of the abdomen in the males is produced in the form of a single curved spine (figs. 2, 3) or three such spines; the hind wing has the anal lobe present; the basal tergite of abdomen has a linear sulcus below spiracle extending from base to apex, beyond which the margin is flexed ventrad, closely adhering to surface of the sternite. I present a key for the separation of the four subfamilies of Scoliidae that occur in North America. The females of Brachycistiinae are unknown, unless my surmise is correct that Mudtilla peculraris Cresson belongs here, an opinion that is expressed later on in this paper. Subfamily BRACHYCISTIINAE This subfamily is distinguished from the Myrmosidae by the vena- tion of the fore wings (figs. 4, 5, 6), in which they more closely re- semble Photopsinae; the forward opening antennal sockets; presence of a scalelike extension of the mesosternum between the bases of the mid coxae; the spinelike structure of the eighth abdominal sternite, in which character they are similar to Tiphinae; the structure of the male hypopygium; and the lack of a platelike extension on hind coxae. ART. 3 WASPS OF SUBFAMILY BRACHYCISTIINAE—MALLOCH S The claws are simple; there is no stripe of fine short hairs on sides of second abdominal tergite in the males as in Mutillidae; the fore coxae possess a stridulatory area in most of the males; there is a distinct marginal vein as in Scoliinae, and Elinae, though the con- nection of this vein with the one behind it at apex is different in Brachycistiinae from that shown in any of the related groups (figs. 7-11). In Brachycistiinae the cerci are absent, or at least not developed papilliform, in which character they are similar to Scoliinae and Tiphiinae, though these organs are present in Eliinae, and in Mutillidae and Myrmosidae (figs. 12, 13). In Tiphiinae we have the same forwardly opening antennal sockets as in this subfamily, but the mesosternum and metasternum differ as indicated in the key presented below. KEY TO SUBFAMILIES OF SCOLIIDAE i. Antennal sockets directed obliquely laterad because of an abnormal develop- ment of the inner rim of each or an elevation of the intervening area; erie arern Walt One ee ie Bs a Bg a ee oe awardee ee ee 2. Antennal sockets directed forward, no abnormal development of the inner rim nor elevation of the intervening area________.____-___----______--_ Be 2. Metasternum broad and almost flat, consisting of two large, medially divided plates, the hind coxae widely separated_____________.___--.___- Scoliinae, Metasternum small, consisting of two tuberculiform plates, the hind coxae Sboncguous Of SUbCOntIgUOUS.2- 2222 e oe ce ee Eliinae. 3. Tegulae entirely covering the antitegulae; metasternum large, on same plane as mesosternum or almost so, between the posterior’ plates of which it projects deeply as a triangular wedge; females always winged _____ Tiphiinae. Tegulae normal, the antitegulae fully exposed; metasternum depressed, usually with two erect processes in front of hind coxae, or elevated ridge like on median line; females apterous______________-____- Brachycistiinae, It appears to me that even using Ashmead’s key to the families of Vespoidea Brachycistis males will run down to the vicinity of Tiphiidae and not to Myrmosidae, the mid coxae being overlaid basally by the posterior plates of the mesosternum and, though actually subcon- tiguous, quite as much separated as are those of some males of Elis, etc. The backward extensions of the mesosternum are lacking in the female which I assign here but the mid coxae are very widely separated. I have but little hesitation in allocating as the female of Brachy- cistis the species upon which the genus Typhoctes was based, peculiaris Cresson. This sex which is known to me only from a single specimen, the type of mirabilis Cockerell, in the National Museum, and ap- parently the specimen used by Ashmead in describing Typhoctes, differs from the males of Brachycistis in having two apical spurs on the mid tibia, and a longitudinal stripe of short hairs on each side of the second abdominal tergite. Despite these discrepancies and the lack of wings I consider that this is the female of a species of 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 6& Brachycistis, the other anatomical features being very much in favor: of this view. I present a sketch of the thoracic anatomy from the side, showing the oblique pleural suture similar to that of males of Brachycistis (fig. 14), and the basal segment of the abdomen is. absolutely identical with that of the more robust males of that genus, while absolutely different from that of males of Cyphotes with which it has been more closely linked in the past (figs. 15, 16). Males of Brachycistis are commonly attracted to lights where the species occur and when running about give forth a squeaking sound according to R. C. Shannon who collected specimens in Washington State. It may be of interest to state that I had noted the “stridula- tory areas” on the fore coxae before I knew of the ability of these- insects to produce sound, and that confirmation of my conjecture that the insects stridulate was obtained from Mr. Shannon before he knew of my discovery. How these areas are used to produce: sound or even if my surmise that they are so used is correct I do not know, but observation of living specimens will probably produce- evidence if these areas are utilized in this manner. Professor Cockerell in replying to a letter of mine in which I sug- gested that mirabilis might be the female of a species of Brachycistis states that so far as he knows the former is diurnal and the Brachy- cistis males are nocturnal. However, he informs me that repeated searches with a lantern after dark in localities where the males. abounded failed to disclose any females of the genus, apparently bearing out the supposition we both entertain that the temales remain: underground. In the summer of 1924 the Biological Survey had E. R. Hall in the field at Pyramid Lake, Nev., and he picked up many specimens. of the genus Brachycistis which I have before me. A large number of these specimens were taken by sweeping alfalfa between the hours of 5and7 p.m. Others were taken at light. I give an extract from Mr. Hall’s letter to me in reply to an inquiry of mine regarding the: habits of these species. The specimens of Hymenoptera labeled as having been swept from alfalfa were taken as early as 5 p. m. and as late as 7 p.m. While those taken at the latter hour might be said to be crepuscular, none of the sweepings from alfalfa were made after dark and the ones taken as early as 5 p. m. might indicate a diurnal habit. Large numbers were also taken at night under my light as indi~ cated on the labels. I noticed that these insects produced a slight sound but did not determine how this was accomplished. It is of interest to note that all the specimens of atrata Blake in: this lot were swept from alfalfa, not one bearing a label to the effect that this black species occurred at light. Most of the orange colored. specimens were taken at light, but a few have the same label as. ART. 3 WASPS OF SUBFAMILY BRACHYCISTIINAE—-MALLOCH 5 -atrata and some others have no label to indicate how they were taken. This record of the occurrence of a species in the daytime is ot interest as the general opinion is that they are strictly nocturnal. Genus BRACHYCISTIS Fox The subtamily contains but one genus, which is divisible into at least three well defined segregates, one of which is made use of herein for the first time. These segregates, which I accept as sub- genera, may be distinguished as in the following key. KEY TO SUBGENERA 4. Mandibles with at most two teeth, sometimes with only a slight angle in addition to the apical tooth; fore wing with both recurrent veins and either two or three submarginal cells_____.__- Brachycistina, new subgenus, p. 25. Mandibles with two distinct teeth in addition to the apical one, or the second recurrent vein is lacking in forewing__._.__._._._._.__._._-.---_----------- 2. -2. Only one recurrent vein present in fore wing; fore coxae without a stridulatory SLT Coy ee ee earn se Bs: 2 aR Dk ne oR ere Brachycistellus Baker. Two recurrent veins present in fore wing; fore coxae with distinct stridulatory CSREES SU ee et DN 2a Pe Brachycistis Fox, p. 5. Subgenus Bracuycistis Fox _ This subgenus contains most of the species and though these may ‘be separated into segregates by more or less marked structural characters the groups are not so clearly differentiated that they can be considered as entitled to subgeneric status. I append a key to these groups and on subsequent pages keys to the species of each ‘group known to me. KEY TO SPECIES GROUPS 1. Second abdominal sternite with a short longitudinal carina at base. aequalis group, p. a Second abdominal sternite without a longitudinal carina at base-------- . Prepodeum with a sharp carina between the anterior horizontal and sone declivous portions, or with irregular transverse rugae on upper part of hind Ww ES UPAR ED Cay ag ne ey ee ame = ONES Re ee Sy EO PS le 3. Propodeum without a distinct transverse carina or obvious transverse rugae SUSU CU LD OV es erate ore ae Ee PON eee Ne 2 eet ee 4. 3 Second submarginal cell of fore wing almost as long as first; but one round pit- like depression situated diagonally between metathoracic spiracle and suture; hind coxae sharp on postero-ventral (inner) surface, usually with a con- SPICHOUR SUALP* CATING 252.5 2222256 coS-sos— \ a ~< 16 DETAILS OF BRACHYCISTIINAE, PSAMMOCHARIDAE, AND CYPHOTINAE FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 26 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. 3 PL. 2 - > Qe 32 33 = STRUCTURAL CHARACTERS OF BRACHYCISTIS MALES FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 27 U, S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. 3 PL. 3 so HYPOPYGIA OF BRACHYCISTIS MALES FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 27 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. 3 PL. 4 60 62 HYPOPYGIAL CHARACTERS OF BRACHYCISTIS, CYPHOTES, AND MYRMOSA MALES FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 28 CRANE FLIES FROM THE MARITIME PROVINCE OF SIBERIA By Cuar_es P. ALEXANDER Of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst The crane flies that were taken by Prof. T. D. A. and Mrs. Cock- erell on their recent trip to Eastern Siberia have been submitted to me for determination. Because of the almost total lack of material and records from this region, the collection proved to be of excep- tional interest and furnished several important additions to the incomplete list of the Tipuloidea of Eastern Siberia. In addition to the species recorded in the following pages, Professor Cockerell writes me that he saw, but was unable to capture, a specimen of Ctena- croscelis mikado (Westwood) at Tsuruga, Japan. My sincere thanks are extended to Professor and Mrs. Cockerell, and to the National Museum authorities, for the privilege of studying this series of Tipu- lidae. The types and specimens of all other included species are preserved in the National Collection. In order that the known and probable components of the Tipulid fauna of Eastern Siberia may be more correctly understood, the following list of Regional Species is supplied. In addition, it may be well to indicate the occurrence of the European Dictenidia bimaculata (Linnaeus) in this coastal province of Siberia, an enormous extension of the range of the species, which, however, has never been taken in Japan. REGIONAL SPECIES Almost the only Siberian Tipulidae that may be considered as be- ing regional are the following: Tipula breviceps (Motschulsky)? from Amurland and few Tipuline crane flies belonging to the sub- tribe Ctenophoraria, described in 1873 and 1887 by Portschinsky (Ctenophora parva Portschinsky, C. pictipennis Portschinsky, Tany- ptera gracilis (Portschinsky), T. minuta (Portschinsky), and T. siberica (Portschinsky), all from various parts of Siberia, some from the vicinity of Vladivostock. 1 Tipulina breviceps Motschulsky, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, vol. 32, p. 503, 1859. No. 2605.—PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. 68, ART. 4. 53198—25{——1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 The Tipulidae of the island of Saghalien, separated from the Coast Province of Eastern Siberia only by the narrow Gulf of Tar- tary, show notable affinities with the mainland. The following Tipulidae taken in Siberia by Professor and Mrs. Cockerell on their trip are also known from Japanese Saghalien (Karafuto): Limonia karafutonis Alexander, Dicranomyia immodestoides Alex- ander, D. spinicauda Alexander, Rhipidia maculata Meigen, 2. pul- chra septentrionis Alexander, Limnophila nemoralis (Meigen), variety, Helobia hybrida (Meigen), Tipula latemarginata Alexander, and T. bubo Alexander. This constitutes nearly one-half of all the non- endemic species taken, but it should be noted that all of the species listed have a wide range, either southward through the Japanese islands, throughout the Palaearctic Region, or, in the cases of Rhipr- dia maculata and Helobia, occurring throughout the Holarctic Region. The following Tipulidae known from Karafuto occur in Eastern Siberia or are regional: Chetlotrichia imbuta (Meigen). Ormosia subdeviata Alexander. Molophilus albibasis Alexander. Erioptera (Erioptera) horii Alexander. E. (E.) flavohumeralis Alexander. E. (E.) xanthoptera Alexander. E. (Acyphona) sachalina Alexander. E. (Hoplolabis) asiatica Alexander. Discobola margarita Alexander. D. argus (Say). Dicranomyia immodestoides Alexander. D. megacauda Alexander. D. mesosternata Alexander. D. sachalina Alexander. D. sparsa Alexander. D. spinicauda Alexander. Limonia episema Alexander. L. karafutonis Alexander. L. plutonis Alexander. L. subnubeculosa Alexander. Geranomyia avocetta Alexander. Rhipidia maculata Meigen. R. pulchra septentrionis Alexander. Dicranoptycha venosa Alexander. Limnophila japonica Alexander. L. nemoralis (Meigen), variety. L. sapporensis Alexander. L. subadusta Alexander. L. subpoetica Alexander. L. unicoides Alexander. Pilaria dorsalis Alexander. Eriocera sachalinensis Alexander. Polyangaeus gloriosus Alexander. Rhaphidolabina gibbera Alexander. Rhaphidolabis flavibasis Alexander. Neolimnophila ultima Osten Sacken, variety. Gnophomyia tristis Alexander. Gonomyia (Ptilostena) sachalinensis Alexander. Helobia hybrida (Meigen). Oropeza satsuma Alexander. Ctenophora biguitata Matsumura. Tanyplera jozana Matsumura, variety. (Probably includes macra Matsumura, not Loew.) Tipula bubo Alexander. T. bipenicilleata Alexander. . coquilletti Enderlein. . coquillettiana Alexander. . flavocostalis Alexander. . insulicola fuscicauda Alexander. . nipponensis Alexander. . latemarginata Alexander. . tantula Alexander. . verecunda Alexander. . variicornis Schummel. . westwoodiana Alexander. Nephrotoma aculeata atricauda Alexan- der. N. dorsalis sachalina Alexander. N. hirsuticauda Alexander. N. lamellata (Riedel), variety. N. minuticornis Alexander. N. saghaliensis Alexander. PS) ess) St eS eSeeS ART 4 CRANE FLIES FROM SIBERIA——-ALEXANDER 2 The Ptychopterid, Ptychoptera subscutellaris Alexander, likewise occurs. Matsumura? described two new species and a supposedly new genus from Sakhalin. His Limnobia sachalinensis would appear tobe a species of Limnophila, or at least Hexatomine. The new genus MJeta- limnobia (for vittata, new) is certainly close to Limonia in the venation and nature of the claws. Neither of the above species have been recognized since their original characterization. The island of Hokkaido (Yezo), the most northerly of the four chief islands of Japan, is separated from Sakhalin only by the nar- row La Perouse Strait and from the southern end of the Coast Prov- ince of Siberia by the relatively narrow northern portion of the Japan Sea. The Tipulid fauna shows a characteristic Holarctic facies. The following crane flies are now known from Hokkaido and several will certainly be found to occur also in Eastern Siberia. Discobola argus (Say). Antocha (Proantocha) serricauda Alex- D. margarita Alexander. ander. D. moitwana Alexander. A. (Antocha) bifida Alexander. Dicranomyta globulithoraz Alexander. A. (A.) brevinervis Alexander. A A D. immodestoides Alexander. . (A.) brevistyla Alexander. D. longipennis (Schummel). . (A.) dilatata Alexander. D. mesosternata Alexander. A. (A.) satsuma Alexander. D. spinicauda Alexander. Ula perelegans Alexander. D. subtristis Alexander. U. cincta Alexander. Limonia amabilis Alexander. Epiphragma subfascipennis Alexander. L. angustistria Alexander. E. subinsignis Alexander. L. annulus truncata Alexander. Limnophila inconcussa Alexander. L. basispina Alexander. L. japonica Alexander. L. bifasciata avis Alexander. L. kuwayamai Alexander. L. crinita Alexander. L. melanommata Alexander. L. fusciceps Alexander. L. neomunda Alexander. L. inelegans Alexander. L. unicoides Alexander. L. machidai (Alexander). Pilaria dorsalis Alexander. L. mendax Alexander. Eriocera fulvibasis Alexander. L. monacantha Alexander. E. jozana Alexander. L. neoindigena Alexander. Elephantomyia hokkaidensis Alexander. L. neonebulosa Alexander. Pedicia daimio (Matsumura). L. nigronitida Alexander. Dicranota yezoensis Alexander. L. quadrinotata (Meigen). Rhaphidolabis subconsors Alexander. Libnotes longistigma Alexander. Conosia trrorata (Wiedemann). L. nohirai Alexander. Chionea, sp. Rhipidia maculata Meigen. Paratropesa esakii Alexander. R. pulchra septentrionis Alexander. Teucholabis yezoensis Alexander. Elliptera zipanguensis Alexander. Gonomyia (Ptilostena) subpruinosa Helius tenuirostris Alexander. Alexander. Dicranoptycha venosa Alexander. G. (Gonomyia) superba Alexander. 2Erster Beitrag zur Insekten-Fauna von Sachalin, Journ. Coll. Agric. Tohoku Imper. Univ., vol. 4, pp. 1-45, 1911. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM G. (Lipophleps) flavocostalis Alexander. Rhabdomastix (Sacandaga) japonica Alexander. Helobia hybrida (Meigen). Molophilus sericatus Alexander. Erioptera (Erioptera) elegantula Alex- ander. E. (E.) horit Alexander. E. (E.) orbitalis Alexander. E. (Acyphona) asymmetrica Alexander. E. (A.) yezoana Alexander. E. (Hoplolabis) asiatica Alexander. Oropeza satsuma Alexander. Nesopeza geniculata Alexander. Ctenophora biguttata Matsumura. Cnemoncosis nohirae (Matsumura). C. uniplagiata Alexander. Pselliophora septentrionalis Alexander Dictenidia fasciata Coquillett, variety. Tanyptera angustistylus Alexander. T.jozana (Matsumura). Tipula bubo Alexander. T. coquillettt Enderlein. T. fumida Alexander. T. isshikit Alexander. T. kuwayamai Alexander. VOL. 68 . latemarginata Alexander. matsumuriana Alexander. . moitwana (Matsumura). . nova Walker. nipponensis Alexander. . sattamae Alexander. shogun Alexander. subcunctans Alexander. tatkun Alexander. tateyamae Alexander. . teshionis Alexander. trifida Alexander. . verecunda Alexander. . yamata Alexander. ephrotoma angustistria Alexander. . cornicina (Linnaeus), variety. . dorsalis sachalina Alexander. . esakit Alexander. . hirsuticauda Alexander. . hokkaidensis Alexander. . microcera Alexander. . minuticornis Alexander. . neopratensis Alexander. . nigricauda Alexander. . parvirostra Alexander. . stygia Alexander. SSeSeeeeSeSeSSS USS ssysssssys = Two species of the related family Ptychopteridae are likewise found in Hokkaido: Ptychoptera daimio Alexander and P. subscu- tellaris Alexander. Family TIPULIDAE Subfamily LimonrNar Tribe LIMONIINI Genus LIMONIA Meigen 1803. Limonia Mrtaen, Illiger’s Mag., vol. 2, p. 262. 1818. Limnobia Mertacen, Syst. Beschr. Zweifl. Ins., vol. 1, p. 116. LIMONIA KARAFUTONIS Alexander 1924. Limonia karafutonis ALEXANDER, Philippine Journ. Sci., vol. 24, pp. 550-551. One female, Amagu Village, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cocker- ell). This specimen closely resembles the type from Sakhalin, but has the lateral spots on the mesonotal praescutum, together with thoracic pleura, somewhat darker colored. ART 4 CRANE FLIES FROM SIBERIA——ALEXANDER 5 Genus DICRANOMYIA Stephens 1829. Dicranomyia StePHENS, Cat. Brit. Ins., vol. 2, p. 243. DICRANOMYIA IMMODESTOIDES Alexander 1919. Dicranomyia immodestoides ALEXANDER, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 12, pp. 327-328. Males from Vladivostock, Siberia, and Olga, Siberia, July 1923. The species has an extensive range in Japan. DICRANOMYIA SPINICAUDA Alexander 1924. Dicranomyia spinicauda ALEXANDER, Philippine Journ. Sci., vol. 24, pp. 545-546. Specimens from Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D A. Cockerell). The species had been recorded only from Sakhalin and Hokkaido, Japan. DICRAN OMYIA AMURENSIS, new species General coloration dark gray; pleura yellow, the sternopleurite darkened; wings yellowish subhyaline, the stigma pale; Se short; male hypopygium with the mesal lobe of the basistyle complex; dorsal dististyle bent in the form of a rectangle, the apex narrowed. Male.—Length about 6.8 mm.; wing, 8.2 mm. Rostrum obscure brownish yellow, the palpi brown. Antennae relatively short, dark brown throughout, the flagellar segments oval, the more distal segments passing into cylindrical. Head dark gray. Pronotum dark brownish gray medially, yellowish laterally. Meso- notal praescutum brownish gray, a little darker medially, the lat- eral margins indistinctly paler; scutal lobes dark; scutellum yellow; postnotal mediotergite pale basally with a little more than the apical half infuscated. Pleura yellow, the anepisternum with a vague sug- gestion of dusky; sternopleurite with its ventral portion strongly infuscated. Halteres of moderate length, pale, the knobs infuscated. Legs with the coxae yellowish testaceous, the fore coxae a little darker; trochanters brownish testaceous; femora concolorous, the tips infuscated; tibiae pale brown, the tips weakly infuscated; tarsi dark brown. Wings yellowish subhyaline, the base clearer yellow; stigma only faintly indicated; veins brown. Venation: Sc short, Sc, ending opposite the origin of Rs, the tip of R, extending a dis- tance beyond 7 but not reaching costa; Rs relatively long, more than twice the basal deflection of R,,,; basal deflection of Cu, at the fork of &M. Abdominal tergites dark brown, the caudal margins of the seg- ments narrowly pale; sternites infuscated, the lateral margins 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 narrowly yellowish; hypopygium with the tergite and basistyles infuscated. Male hypopygium (fig. 1) with the ninth tergite nearly transverse, the median area very slightly produced into a low, dark tubercle. Basistyles small, the mesal lobe very large, the apex blackened and set with numerous setigerous tubercles. Ventral dis- tistyle moderately fleshy with a long slender rostrum (fig. 1B) that bears at its tip a slender spinous seta and a few more delicate bristles; two relatively short spines, placed less than their own length apart and not far from the base of the rostrum. Dorsal dististyle a very strongly curved chitinized rod, the base stout, the apex beyond the approximately rectangular curve narrowed, feebly dilated before the acute straight apex. Gonapophyses with the mesal apical angle of each produced caudad into a dusky nearly straight lobe. Aedeagus stout. Described from a single male, collected at Amagu Village, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). ~ Type.—Male, Cat. No. 28358, U.S.N.M. DICRANOMYIA, species, near PSEUDOMORIO Alexander 1920. Dicranomyia pseudomorio ALEXANDER, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 46, pp. 3-4. One badly damaged specimen that probably belongs here, Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Genus RHIPIDIA Meigen 1818. Rhipidia MetcENn, Syst. Beschr. Zweifl. Ins., vol. 1, p. 153. RHIPIDIA (RHIPIDIA) MACULATA Meigen 1818. Rhipidia maculata MrtceEn, Syst. Beschr. Zweifl. Ins., vol. 1, p. 153, pli iS; figs. One male, Kongaus, Siberia, August 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). This fly is distributed throughout the Holarctic region. RHIPIDIA (MONORHIPIDIA) SIBIRICA, new species General coloration dark; fore legs dark brown, the basal quarter paler; wings with a grayish tinge, the costal cell darker; brown spots and seams at origin of Rs, tip of Sc, along the cord and outer end of cell 1st M,; Se long, ending beyond midlength of Rs. Female.—Length, 7 mm.; wing, 7.8 mm. Rostrum and palpi black, Antennae black throughout, the flagel- lar segments with distinct basal petioles, the inner face of each seg- ment slightly produced. Head dark, discolored. Thorax entirely dark-colored, any bloom or pattern that might be normally present destroyed by moisture. Halteres pale, the knobs slightly darkened. Legs with the coxae dark brown, discolored, the ART 4 CRANE FLIES FROM SIBERIA—-ALEXANDER it _ tips brightened; trochanters obscure yellow; femora obscure yellow basally, dark brown towards the tips; on the forelegs the femora are dark brown with the exception of the basal fourth; middle and hind femora with the extreme tips a little paler than the subterminal darkened portions; tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Wings with a gray- ish tinge, the costal cell strongly infuscated; conspicuous brown spots at origin of Rs and tip of Sc; stigma brown, sending seams caudad onto r and to the fork of Rs; posterior cord and outer end of cell 1st M, more narrowly seamed with brown; wing-tip in cells 2nd R,, R,, R;, and 2nd M, more weakly infuscated, especially in the centers of the cells; veins pale brown, the prearcular veins and Cu more yel- lowish. Venation: Sc, ending beyond mid-length of Rs, Sc, only a trifle shorter than Sc,; Rs long, arcuated at origin; 7 at tip of R,; inner end of cell R, lying a little proximad of that of cell /st M,; cell 1st M, gently widened distally, m about equal to the outer deflection of M,; basal deflection of Cu, at the fork of M. Abdominal tergites dark brown, the sternites a little paler, yellow- ish brown, especially the intermediate segments. Ovipositor with the tergal valves slender, gently upcurved, the tips acute; sternal valves stout, relatively straight, the base abruptly blackened. Described from a single female, collected at Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). | Type.—Female, Cat. No. 28359, U.S.N.M. Rhipidia (Monorhipidia) sibirica is allied to R. (I) wniserrata Schiner (Western Palaearctic) and R. (JL) fidelis Osten Sacken (Eastern Nearctic), differing in the venation and coloration of the legs, ii RHIPIDIA (ARHIPIDIA) PULCHRA SEPTENTRIONIS Alexander 1913. Rhipidia pulchra septentrionis ALEXANDER, Can. Ent., vol. 45, pp. 206- 207, pl. 3, fig. 1 (wing). Specimens from Vladivostok and Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). The northern form of the Oriental pulchra is widely distributed throughout the Japanese Empire but had not previously been recorded from Siberia. Tribe HEXATOMINI Genus PSEUDOLIMNOPHILA Alexander 1919. Pseudolimnophila ALEXANDER, Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta., Mem. 251. O47: PSEUDOLIMNOPHILA OCHRACEA ASIATICA, new subspecies Female.—Length about 9 mm.; wing, 9mm., its width, 2.8 mm. Generally similar to typical ochracea (Meigen) of the Western Palaearctic Region, differing as follows: 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 Basal segment of the flagellum largely yellow, the tip darkened. Legs yellow, the tips of the tibiae and the tarsi infuscated. Wings with As short and strongly arcuated at origin; F#,,, longer; cell R, correspondingly shorter, the distal section of vein R, sinuous; cell M, nearly sessile; basal deflection of Cu, at two-fifths the length of the cell /st M, and less than its length beyond the fork of M; cell 2nd A broader. Wings conspicuously broader than in the typical form. Described from a female, collected at Okeanskaja, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type.—Female, Cat. No. 28360, U.S.N.M. Genus LIMNOPHILA Macquart 1834. Limnophila Macquart, Suit. a Buff., vol. 1, Hist. Nat. Ins., Dipt. p. 95. LIMNOPHILA (LIMNOPHILA), species, near PICTIPENNIS (Meigen) 1818. Limnobia pictipennis Mricren, Syst. Beschr. Zweifl. Ins., vol. 1 Ds LL93 A female, Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). The Palaearctic species of this subgenus have not yet been satisfac- torily differentiated. d LIMNOPHILA INCONCUSSA Alexander 1913. Limnophila inconcussa ALEXANDER, Can. Ent., vol. 45, pp. 313-314, pl. 4, fig. 2 (wing); pl. 10, fig. 12 (male hypopygium). Two specimens taken at Tsuruga, Japan, August 1923, by Profes- sor and Mrs. Cockerell. This is the commonest and most widely distributed member of the genus in Japan, extending southward into Taiwan. LIMNOPHILA NEMORALIS (Meigen), variety 1818. Limnobia nemoralis MrtcEN, Syst. Beschr. Zweifl. Ins., vol. 1, p. 126. One male specimen, Olga, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Genus PILARIA Sintenis 1888. Pilaria SintENIs, Sitzber. Nat.-Ges. Dorpat, vol. 8, p. 398. PILARIA FUSCIPENNIS (Meigen), variety 1818. Limnobia fuscipennis Muriaun, Syst. Beschr. Zweifl. Ins., vol. 1, p. 125. Specimens from Amagu Village, Siberia, July 19238 (T. D. A. Cockerell). ALEXANDER Q ART 4 CRANE FLIES FROM SIBERIA Tribe PEDICIINI Genus PEDICIA Latreille 1809. Pedicia LATREILLE, Hist. Nat. Crust. et Ins., vol. 4, p. 255. 1916. Daimiotipula Matsumura, Thous. Ins. Japan, add. 2, p. 463. PEDICIA COCKERELLI, new species General coloration gray and yellow; wings with the costal margin pale brown, the remaining markings dark brown but restricted in extent; basistyle of male hypopygium produced into a slender acute horn. Male.—Length, 20 mm.; wing, 19.5 mm. Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennae brown, the basal seg- ments of the flagellum short and crowded, the terminal segments elongate and with conspicuous verticils. Head dark gray; vertical tubercle distinct. Pronotum obscure yellow, the sides of the anterior notum with a brown spot. Mesonotal praescutum yellow with four distinct brown spots, the intermediate pair only vaguely separated from one another by a capillary pale line; lateral stripes crossing the suture onto the scutal lobes; scutellum yellow; postnotal mediotergite testaceous, darkened behind. Pleura yellowish testaceous, the sternopleurite darkened ventrally; postnotal pleurotergite with a dark spot at the base of the halter. Halteres pale, the knobs obscure yellow. Legs with the coxae and trochanters light brown; femora yellow, the tips conspicuously blackened; tibiae brownish yellow, the bases narrowly and indistinctly, the tips more broadly and conspicuously, infuscated ; tarsi brown. Wings of the usual Pedicia pattern, the costal margin much paler brown than the remaining dark markings, the humeral region almost yellow; brown seam along vein Cu, continued to the margin but becoming less defined outwardly; brown markings less extensive than in daimio (Matsumura); a pale spot in cell R, oppo- site the level of the cord, as in daamio. Venation: Cell /st M, relatively small; petiole of cell M, nearly twice m; basal deflection of Cu, a short distance beyond the fork of M. Abdominal segments nearly uniform rusty brown, without distinct darker markings in the rubbed unique type; hypopygium passing into brown. Male hypopygium with the ventral apical angle of each basistyle (fig. 2) produced into a shiny, acutely pointed horn that is gently curved, these horns directed dorsad and slightly mesad, the apex of each horn deeply grooved on ventral mesal face, the apex: microscopically bifid; dorsal apical angle of basistyle with rather numerous yellow setae. Dististyles elongate, darkened, «the apex: shiny, obtuse. 53198—25+——2 » 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE- NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. €8 Described from a single male, collected at Olga, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type.—Male, Cat. No. 28361, U.'S.N.M. This interesting new species is named in honor of the collector, Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell. Genus RHAPHIDOLABINA Alexander 1916. Rhaphidolabina ALEXANDER, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., pp. 540-541. RHAPHIDOLABINA SIBIRICA, new species General coloration pale whitish yellow; legs yellow, only the ter- minal tarsal segments infuscated; wings whitish subhyaline with a relatively heavy pale brown pattern, the costal region infuscated bas- ally; present; abdominal tergites indistinctly bicolorous. Male.—Length about 5 mm.; wing, 6.5 mm. Rostrum reddish flesh-color, the palpi pale yellow. Antennae short, the scapal segments reddish; flagellum yellow, the terminal segments a little infuscated. Head yellowish brown. Pronotum and mesonotum very pale whitish yellow, without dis- tinct markings. Pleura whitish yellow. Halteres pale, the knobs a little more yellowish. Legs whitish yellow, only the terminal tarsal segments infuscated. Wings whitish subhyaline, with a relatively heavy pale brown pattern; cell {st C and basal half of cell 2nd C infuscated; interrupted areas in cells Sc and Sc,, including a large basal area and spots at Sc,, above the origin of Rs and at the tip of Sc,; these dark areas in cell Sc extend caudad into cell & but do not quite reach vein M; narrow brown seams along the cord and outer end of cell 1st M, and on the outer deflection of vein #,; a circular brown cloud at tip of vein R, and a smaller one at tip of vein R,; brown spots and dots at ends of veins M,, M,, Cu,, Cu,, and 2nd A; smaller spots at fork of M,,, and along the bases of veins Cu, Ist A, and 2nd A; prearcular cells largely dark. Venation: Rs strongly angulated at origin; r present, as in R. dicranotoides Alexander (Japan); fusion of R, and tip of R, very short to punctiform; R, gently arcuated; cell M, a little longer than its petiole; cell 1st M, with the inner end pointed, r-m close to this point; m about two- thirds the outer deflection of M,; basal deflection of Cu, about two- fifths its length beyond the fork of Mf. Wings relatively broad, widest opposite the origin of Rs. Abdomen with the tergites indistinctly bicolorous, the caudal margins darker brown than the bases; basal sternites pale yellow; hypopygium dark brown. Described from a single male, collected at Amagu, Kudia River, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type.—Male, Cat. No. 28362, U.S.N.M. Art 4 CRANE FLIES FROM SIBERIA—-ALEXANDER Lt Tribe ERIOPTERINI Genus MOLOPHILUS Curtis 1833. Molophilus Curtis, Brit. Ent., p. 444. MOLOPHILUS LOBIFERUS, new species General coloration brown, including the thoracic pleura; halteres pale, the knobs yellowish; male hypopygium with each basistyle produced mesad and caudad into a fleshy setiferous lobe; apex of basistyle and dististyles totalling four chitinized arms. Male.—Length about 3.6 mm.; wing, 4.5 mm. Female.—Length about 4 mm.; wing, 5 mm. Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennae of moderate length in the female, broken in the unique male, pale brown, the basal segments a little brighter. Head dark gray. Mesonotum dark brown, the lateral margins of the praescutum a little paler. Pleura dark brown. Halteres pale, the knobs yellow- ish. Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellowish testaceous; remainder of legs obscure yellow, the tarsi passing into brown. Wings with a pale yellowish tinge, the veins pale brown. Venation: R,,, about twice the basal section of vein R; alone; basal deflection of Cu, less than its length beyond the fork M; vein 2nd A ending about opposite one-fourth the petiole of cell M,. Abdomen brown, the sternites and hypopygium a little paler. Male hypopygium (fig. 4) with the basistyles stout, approximated on the ventral face, each here produced caudad and slightly mesad into a slender fleshy lobe that is provided with stout setae. Apex of basistyle produced into two long, powerful arms, the outer or lateral one directed caudad, before midlength bent strongly mesad into a long, nearly straight black spine; inner or mesal arm con- nected basally with the outer, shorter, heavily blackened, feebly sinuous. A third chitinized arm is longer than any of the others, weakly expanded on the distal half and here provided with small subappressed teeth, the apex acute. Another dististyle is present and chitinized, but in the unique type has been broken beyond the base which is dilated, thence narrowed and blackened; this append- age is not shown in the figure. Aedeagus long and slender, pale. Described from a pair taken at Olga, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type.—Male, Cat. No. 28363, U.S.N.M. Genus ERIOPTERA Meigen 1803. Erioptera Meraen, Llliger’s Mag., vol. 2, p. 262. ERIOPTERA (ERIOPTERA) FUSCOHALTERATA, new species General coloration pale reddish and yellow; halteres pale, the knobs conspicuously brownish black; legs yellow, the terminal tarsal 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 segments infuscated; wings pale yellow, the veins darker yellow; male hypopygium with the gonapophyses terminating in acute blackened horns. Male.—Length about 4mm.; wing, 5.4 mm. Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennae pale reddish brown, the terminal segments more infuscated. Eyes large, contiguous beneath. Head yellow. Mesonotum reddish, more or less discolored, the lateral margins of the praescutum and scutum light yellow, this color extending back to the wing-root; scutellum and lateral margins of the post- notal mediotergite similarily yellow. In normal specimens it is possible that this yellow color is much more extensive. Pleura red- dish yellow. Halteres pale, the knobs conspicuously brownish black. Legs yellow, only the terminal tarsal segments infuscated. Wings pale yellow, the veins darker yellow. Venation: Asin the subgenus; F ,,, about one-half longer than the basal section of R,; vein 2nd A very strongly sinuous. Abdomen brownish yellow. Male hypopygium with the basistyles relatively stout. Outer dististyle apparently broken off at base. Inner dististyle (fig. 3) a strongly curved arm, pale except at the suddenly pointed apex which is blackened. Gonapophyses appear- ing as slender, nearly straight horns, the apical third blackened, the tips acute. Aedeagus lyriform, each half provided with a long, curved branch that is directed caudo-laterad, thence mesad and finally strongly cephalad. Described from a single male taken at Amagu Village, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type.—Male, Cat. No. 28364, U.S.N.M. Genus HELOBIA St. Fargeau et Serville 1825. Helobia St. Faraeau et SERVILLE, Encyclop. Method. Ins., vol. 10, p. 585. 1830. Symplecta MEIcEN, Syst. Beschr. Zweifl. Ins., vol. 6, p. 282. HELOBIA HYBRIDA (Meigen) 1804. Limonia hybrida MertaeEn, Klass., vol. 1, p. 57, pl. 3, fig. 17. One specimen, Vladivostock, Siberia, 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). This common crane fly is very widely distributed throughout the Holarctic Region. Genus TRIMICRA Osten Sacken 1861. Trimicra OstEN SackEn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 290. TRIMICRA PILIPES ( Fabricius) 1787. Tipula pilipes Fasricitus, Mantissa Ins., vol 2, p. 324. One male, Kongaus, Siberia, August 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). if most of the numerous described species of Trimicra are synonyms ART 4 CRANE FLIES FROM SIBERIA—ALEXANDER 13 _ of pilipes, as would now appear to be the case, the present fly has the most extended range of any Tipulid, being found in virtually all parts of the world, including many of the most remote oceanic islands. Genus GONOMYIA Meigen 1818. Gonomyia MrticEn, Syst. Beschr. Zweifl. Ins., vol. 1, p. 146. GONOMYIA (GONOMYIA), species, near SUPERBA Alexander 1913. Gonomyia (Gonomyia) superba ALEXANDER, Can. Ent., vol. 45, pp. 285-286, pl. 3, fig. 14 (wing); pl. 10, figs. 1-2 (hypopygium). A single badly damaged specimen, Amagu Village, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell), that appears to belong here. The species is the most widely distributed Japanese member of the genus. Genus RHABDOMASTIX Skuse 1889. Rhabdomastix Skuse, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, ser. 2, vol. 4, pp. 828-829. RHABDOMASTIX (SACANDAGA) USURIENSIS, new species General coloration black, light gray pruinose; knobs of halteres conspicuously lght yellow; wings with a strong brown tinge; veins R, and R, widely separated at wing-margin; Rf, longer than R,,;. Male.—Length about 3.5-3.6 mm.; wing, 4.5-4.6 mm. ‘Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae short, black, the flagellar segments oval. Head black, heavily light gray pruinose. Pronotum and mesonotum black, ight gray pruinose; pseudosu- tural foveae black. Pleura gray pruinose. Halteres dark brown, the knobs conspicuously pale yellow. Legs with the coxae and trochan- ters black, gray pruinose; femora and tibiae dark brown, the bases of the former vaguely paler; tarsi black. Wings with a strong brown tinge, the veins still darker brown. Venation: Sc, ending between one-third to two-fifths the length of the long, nearly straight Rs, Sc, close to its extreme tip but relatively indistinct; FR, oblique, at the wing-margin separated from the tip of R, by a distance greater than its own length; #, longer than F,,,, cell R, thus being relatively large; r lacking. Anal angle of wing moderately developed. No macro- trichiae on veins Rs, R,,,, R, or R,;; numerous trichiae on R,,, for its entire length. Abdomen black, gray pruinose; hypopygium black. Described from three males collected at Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type.—Male, Cat. No. 28365, U.S.N.M. 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 Subfamily TIPULINAE Tribe TIPULINI Genus DICTENIDIA Brullé 1833. Dictenidia Bruit, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 2, pp. 401-402. DICTENIDIA BIMACULATA (Linnaeus) 1761. Tipula bimaculata LINNAEUS, Fauna Suec., ed. 2, p. 433. One male, Kongaus, Siberia, August 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell); a pair, Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). A critical comparison with European specimens reveals no differences between these flies. Genus TIPULA Linnaeus 1758. Tipula LinnNaAEvs, Syst. Natur., ed. 10, p. 585. TIPULA COCKERELLIANA, new species Allied to T. fulvipennis de Geer, T. shirakit Edwards, and similar species; general coloration grayish yellow, the praescutum with four brown stripes; wings with a strong yellowish brown suffusion, the obliterative band before the cord very broad and conspicuous, cream-colored. Female.—Length, 28 mm.; wing, 23 mm. Frontal prolongation of head relatively elongate, brown; nasus con- spicuous; palpi dark brown. Antennae with the scapal segments brownish yellow; flagellar segments feebly bicolorous, the basal enlargement darker brown than the ground-color; verticils long and conspicuous. Head dark brown, gray pruinose. Mesonotal praescutum grayish yellow with four brown stripes, the intermediate pair narrowly separated from one another by a gray line; scutal lobes dark brown, each with two dark gray markings; scutellum brownish yellow, the center of the disk grayish brown; postnotum dark but heavily yellowish pollinose to virtually obliter- ate the ground-color. Pleura yellowish testaceous, the posterior margins of the postnotal pleurotergite weakly infuscated. Halteres brown, the bases of the stems and the apices of the knobs paler. Legs with the coxae and the trochanters yellow; femora yellow, the tips broadly and conspicuously dark brown, the tibial apices more narrowly infuscated; tarsal segments one to three brownish yellow, the tips of the individual segments narrowly darkened, the terminal tarsal segments uniformly infuscated. Wings with a strong yellow- ish brown suffusion, the stigma darker; cells beyond the cord some- what darker than the basal cells; a brown cloud near mid-length of cell Cu, preceded by a clearer yellow area, the latter continued into cell M; a very broad and conspicuous creamy obliterative mark ART 4 CRANE FLIES FROM SIBERIA—-ALEXANDER 15 crosses the wing before the cord, narrowest in cell C at the tip of vein Sc, and’ at the posterior margin of the wing on both sides of vein Cu,; this area includes more than the basal half of cell /st If; additional pale blotches in outer half of cell f;,in base of cell JG and restrictedly in cell 2nd M,; veins brown, paler in the costal region and radial field. Venation: £&, persistent; m longer than the petiole of cell M,; m-ew punctiform; cell 2nd A broad. Abdominal tergites brownish yellow, the base of the abdomen brighter, the segments with ill-defined sublateral brown stripes; pos- terior segments with indications of a median vitta; sternites more uniformly yellowish. Ovipositor with the valves long and straight, especially the slender tergal valves. Described from a single female, taken at Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type.—Female, Cat. No. 28366, U.S.N.M. TIPULA LIGULIFERA, new species Antennae of male moderately elongate; flagellum black, the basal enlargement of each segment conspicuously light yellow; wings brown- ish yellow; cell M, short-petiolate to sessile; male hypopygium with the eighth sternite produced caudad into a conspicuous liguliform blade. ~ Male.—Length, 12-13 mm.; wing, 11.2-11.5 mm. Frontal prolongation of head relatively short, brownish yellow; nasus long but relatively stout, concolorous. Antennae moderately elongate, if bent backward, extending about to the base of the abdo- men; scapal segments light brown; flagellar segments black, the basal enlargements of the individual segments conspicuously light yellow, this greater in amount on the basal segments, becoming more restricted in extent on the outer segments; verticils relatively short but stout. Head light brown, the orbits indistinctly paler. Pronotum testaceous brown. Mesonotal praescutum obscure brownish yellow with four slightly darker, ill-defined brownish stripes ; centers of scutal lobes darkened; remainder of the mesonotum brown- ish testaceous. Pleura whitish testaceous, the pleurotergite brighter. Halteres pale brown, the base of the stem paler. Legs with the coxae whitish testaceous; trochanters pale yellow; femora and tibiae light brown, the tarsi passing into dark brown. Wings with a strong brownish yellow tinge, the base and costal region more yellowish; stigma small, oval, pale brown; a conspicuous obliterative area before the stigma, extending from vein FR, before and including the cord, crossing the proximal end of cell {st M, into the base of cell J; veins brown. Venation: 2s moderately elongate, arcuated, about one-half longer than ?,,,; R, preserved throughout its length; cell /st M, long 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vor. 68 and narrow, its outer end more or less pointed, m being longer than the petiole of cell M,; in some specimens, the latter vein is very short to obliterated, in the latter case cell M, being sessile; m-cu elongate; cell 2nd A moderately broad. Abdomen pale brown, the basal segments paler, the surface of the sclerites with appressed yellow setae; dorso-median line of the ter- gites darker. Male hypopygium relatively small; caudal margin of the tergite (fig. 7) with a V-shaped notch, the margin of which is provided with microscopic black spinulae. Outer dististyle elon- gate, fleshy. Inner dististyle terminating in a conspicuous black spine, directed dorsad. Region of ninth sternite deeply and nar- rowly incised. Highth sternite bearing a very conspicuous, thin, liguliform blade, median in position and light yellow in color. Described from three males, collected at Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type.—Male, Cat. No. 28367, U.S.N.M. TIPULA AMURENSIS, new species Belongs to the hebes group; antennae elongate, the flagellum uni- formly dark brown; general coloration light gray, the lateral praes- cutal stripes ill-defined; male hypopygium with the eighth sternite densely short-hairy. Male.—Length, 13 mm.; wing, 14 mm. Frontal prolongation of head dark yellow, with an indistinct darker lateral line; nasus distinct; palpi brownish yellow, the terminal seg- ments a little darker. Antennae elongate, the terminal segments broken, if entire and bent backward, extending to beyond the base of the abdomen; scapal segments dark yellow; first segment of flagel- lum brownish yellow on basal half, passing into dark brown; remain- ing segments of flagellum dark brown, the basal enlargement of the proximal segments a very little brighter. Head with the anterior part of the vertex surrounding the antennal bases buffy, the remain- der of the vertex dark gray with an indistinct brown median line. Pronotum buffy yellow, a trifle darker medially. Mesonotum clear gray, the praescutum with a pair of ill-marked brown stripes, intermediate in position, narrowly separated from one another and further divided by a capillary dark vitta on the anterior half of the sclerite; lateral stripes of a brighter gray than the ground-color, their anterior ends bordered by brown; scutum light gray with an antero- lateral brown spot and a postero-mesal brown circle enclosing a gray center; scutellum and postnotum dirty gray with indications of a capillary darker median vitta. Pleura with the anepisternum and sternopleurite light gray, the posterior pleurites and postnotal pleuro- tergite more whitish. Halteres slender, brownish yellow, the tips ART 4 CRANE FLIES FROM SIBERIA—-ALEXANDER Le _ of the knobs obscure yellow, the base of the stem narrowly paler. Legs with the coxae pale, sparsely pruinose; trochanters yellow; femora brownish yellow, the tips conspicuously blackened; tibiae light brown, the tips narrowly dark brown; tarsi dark brown. Wings with a grayish brown tinge, the base and costal region yellow; stigma brown; wing-apex darker brown; conspicuous subhyaline areas beyond the cord and stigma, appearing as an oblique band from the costa through cell 1st Mf, into the base of cell M,; a smaller pale area before the stigma in cell /st R,; a large pale spot before the end of cell WV, crossing vein Cu into cell Cu; a small pale spot on vein Ist A near one-third its length, the space between these two latter subhyaline areas a trifle more infuscated than the ground-color; - anterior cord and origin of Rs slightly infuscated; veins brown, dark yellow in the flavous areas. Venation: R, preserved, widely diver- gent from R,; petiole of cell M, shorter than m; cell 1st M, elon- gate, its principal faces parallel. Abdomen with the basal two tergites yellow, the remaining ter- gites brown, each with gray lateral and caudal margins and a median and sublateral dark brown longitudinal stripes; on the subterminal segments, the pale lateral margins are very broad and conspicuous, more yellowish; sternites generally similar with pale caudal margins. Male hypopygium (fig. 6) as in the hebes group; tergite dark brown, narrowed posteriorly, the caudal margin nearly truncate, with a very low, blunt, median lobe that is hight yellow (fig. 5). Outer dististyle flattened, irregularly oval, pale. Ventral mesal portions of the basistyle produced mesad into a pale, submembranous blade that is irregularly bifid at apex on median line, the dorsal arm with the margin narrowly blackened, overlying its mate of the opposite side; posterior lobes directed ventrad as an apron-like structure that lies in the notch of the eighth sternite. Gonapophyses projecting ventrad from this notch, chitinized, narrowed to the tips which are weakly toothed. Eighth sternite deeply incised, the incision densely filled with relatively short, golden-yellow setae. Described from a single male, collected at Amagu, Kudia River, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type.—Male, Cat. No. 28368, U.S.N.M. TIPULA LATEMARGINATA Alexander 1921. Tipula latemarginata ALEXANDER, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 14, pp. , 128-129. One male, Amagu, Kudia River, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cock- erell). The species has an extensive distribution in Japan. 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 TIPULA BUBO Alexander 1918. Tipula bubo ALEXANDER, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., vol. 26, pp. 69-70. One male, Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). The fly had hitherto been known from Saghalien, Hokkaido and Hon- shiu, Japan. TIPULA USURIENSIS, new species General coloration gray; wings pale yellowish brown, the stigma pale brown; abdominal tergites bilineate with dark brown; male hypopygium with the sclerites fused into a continuous ring; emar- gination of the ninth sternite with two fleshy flattened lobes, mar- gined with long yellow setae. Male.—Length about 12 mm.; wing, 13.5 mm. Frontal prolongation of head brownish yellow above, paler later- ally; palpi dark brown. Antennae moderately elongate, if bent backward, extending about to the base of the abdomen; black, the second scapal segment and the base of the first flagellar segment brownish yellow. Head dark-colored, gray pruinose, the anterior part of the vertex obscure yellow. Thorax of the unique type badly discolored; gray, the praescutum with four darker stripes; scutellum largely pale. Pleura pale, with sparse brownish markings; postnotal pleurotergite likewise pale. Halteres pale brownish yellow, the base of the stem brighter. Legs with the coxae dark, paler apically; trochanters yellow; femora brownish yellow, the tips extensively brownish black; tibiae brown, the tips gradually deepening into black; tarsi long and slender, dark brown. Wings with a pale yellowish brown tinge, the base and costal region somewhat brighter colored; stigma relatively small, oval, pale brown; obliterative areas before the cord relatively indis- tinct, more evident before the stigma at the end of Rs and across the proximal end of cell /st M,; veins dark brown, those in the flavous areas brownish yellow. Venation: Rs very long and almost straight, in alignment with R#,,,; tip of R, atrophied, the subterminal section of the vein being in alignment with r which bears macrotrichiae throughout its length; distal section of vein R, entirely preserved; cell M, nearly twice its petiole; cell /st M, long and narrow; m-—cu distinct, about twice its length beyond the fork of J; cell 2nd A relatively narrow. Abdominal tergites buffy yellow, with a sublateral brown longi- tudinal stripe on either side; hypopygium darker. Male hypopy- gium with the tergite and sternite fused in a continuous ring (fig. 11). Ninth tergite (fig. 10) relatively small, the caudal margin with a small lobe on either side of the median line, the apex of each lobe blackened and densely set with black spines; caudo-lateral angles of the tergite subacute. Outer dististyle cylindrical but very short, ART. 4 CRANE FLIES FROM SIBERIA—ALEXANDER 19 - bearing conspicuous long black setae. Inner dististyle a long flat- tened blade, gradually narrowed to the slender black apex. Me- dian area of ninth sternite membranous, on either side of the median line with a fleshy flattened lobe, directed caudad, the outer margin fringed with long yellow setae. Eighth sternite unarmed. Described from a single male, collected at Amagu, Kudia River, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type.—Male, Cat. No. 28369, U.S.N.M. TIPULA SIBIRIENSIS, new species General coloration gray; wings with a faint yellowish tinge, the base and costal region strongly yellow, the disk clouded with pale brown; a broad band of the ground-color beyond the cord completely tra- verses the wing; tip of vein #, atrophied. Male.—Length about 13 mm.; wing, 17 mm. Frontal prolongation of head yellowish gray; nasus distinct; palpi elongate, dark brown. Antennae of moderate length, if bent back- ward extending beyond the wing-root; scapal segments and first flagel- lar segment yellow; remaining flagellar segments yellow, the basal en- largements of the individual segments black; on the subterminal and outer segments, the ground-color becomes more infuscated. Head dark gray, the anterior part of the vertex more yellowish; vertex with a vaguely indicated brown median line. Pronotum gray, the anterior notum tumid dorso-medially and more tinged with brown. Mesonotal praescutum light gray with four vaguely defined brownish gray stripes that are better delimited near the suture; scutum light gray, the centers of the lobes marked with darker; scutellum gray, more or less infuscated basally; postnotum light gray. Pleura clear light gray, the dorso-pleural membrane buffy-yellow. Halteres pale yellow, the knobs infuscated. Legs with the coxae light gray; trochanters dark yellow; femora brownish yel- low, near mid length passing into brown; tibiae brown, the tips becom- ing still darker brown; tarsi brownish black. Wings with a faint yel- lowish tinge, the base, costal region and the space behind vein Cu strongly yellowish; stigma oval, dark brown; a small brown spot at origin of Rs and conspicuous seams on the branches of Cu; paler brown clouds in the cells, darker at the wing-apex, restricting the ground- color to a broad conspicuous cross-band beyond the cord, extending from the costal margin beyond the stigma, passing caudad through the bases of cells R,, R,, R;, and all of cell 1st MZ, through cell M, to the wing-margin; cell Mis largely pale with a brown cloud near mid- length and another at its outer end; cell /st A largely suffused with pale brown, interrupted by a pale area near the basal third; veins dark brown, paler in the flavous areas. Venation: Tip of vein R, A) PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 68 abruptly atrophied, the basal spur (about one-half the total length) provided with macrotrichiae; m and petiole of cell M, subequal; m-cu punctiform, near one-third the length of the cell. Abdomen with the basal segments yellow, the tergites with a rather indistinct dorso-median stripe that is interrupted at the pos- terior margins of the segments; subterminal sternites darker. Male hypopygium (fig. 8) with the ninth tergite large, the lateral lobes produced caudad into flattened, obtuse blades, the mesal edge being produced slightly into flattened chitinized flanges; caudal notch of tergite broadly rounded, the dorso-median portion of the sclerite produced caudad for a slight distance into this indentation, which is thus feebly bifid at its base (fig. 9). Outer dististyle relatively large, pale, somewhat flattened. Ventral mesal margin of basistyle an oval, dark-colored fleshy lobe, the mesal edge provided with sparse erect yellow setae lying across the genital chamber. Eighth sternite with the caudal margin provided with an even fringe of conspicuous elongate yellow setae. Described from a single male, collected at Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). Type—Male, Cat. No. 28370, U.S.N.M. Genus NEPHROTOMA Meigen 1803. Nephrotoma Metamn, Illiger’s Mag., vol. 2, p. 262. 1834. Pachyrrhina Macquart, Hist. Nat. Ins., Dipt. vol. 1, p. 88. NEPHROTOMA VIRGATA (Coguillett) 1898. Pachyrrhina virgata CoquiuuETT, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 21, p. 306. Several specimens from various Siberian localities apparently be- long here. Vladivostock, 1923. Okeanskaja, August 1923. Kudia River, Amagu, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). The species is com- mon and widely distributed throughout the Japanese Empire. NEPHROTOMA CORNICINA (Linnaeus), variety 1758. Tipula cornicina LINNAEUS, Syst. Natur., ed. 10, p. 586. Three males from Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). NEPHROTOMA ACULEATA (Loew), variety 1871. Pachyrrhina aculeata Lornw, Beschr. Eur. Dipt., vol. 2, p. 20. A male, Amagu Village, Siberia, July 1923 (T. D. A. Cockerell). The typical form is from the Western Palaearctic Region. ART 4 CRANE FLIES FROM SIBERIA—ALEXANDER 21 EXPLANATION OF PLATE a=aedeagus; b=basistyle; d. d=dorsal dististyle; gy=gonapophyse; s=sternite; Hig. Ll: = me ow bo Fee eA ae we So SSS t=tergite; v. d.=ventral dististyle. Dicranomyia amurensis, new species; male hypopygium. A= Dorsal dististyle, enlarged; B=Tip of rostral appendage, enlarged. . Pedicia cockerelli, new species; male hypopygium. Basistyle. . Erioptera fuscohalterata, new species; male hypopygium. . Molophilus lobiferus, new species; male hypopygium. Enlarged figures show different aspects of dististyle. . Tipula amurensis, new species; male hypopygium.. Ninth tergite. . amurensis; male hypopygium. Lateral aspect. . ligulifera, new species; male hypopygium. Ninth tergite. . Sibiriensis, new species; male hypopygium. Lateral aspect. . sibiriensis; male hypopygium. Ninth tergite. . usuriensis, new species; male hypopygium. Ninth tergite. . usuriensis; male hypopygium. Lateral aspect. O Lanne Ay Lae , ti el ? e aa er eee ea ie nab nn ye " 4 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. 4, PL. | ’ 10 i CRANE FLIES FROM SIBERIA FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 21 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM KUDIA RIVER, MARITIME PROVINCE, SIBERIA By T. D. A. CockErRELL Of the University of Colorado, Boulder In a previous contribution? I have described two species of in- sects from the Tertiary rocks of the Kudia River, a tributary of the Amagu, in the Maritime Province of Siberia, North Latitude 46°. During July 1923, my wife and I, assisted by A. I. Lavrushin (or Lavrooshin), investigated this deposit, and collected the insects described below. We also obtained a good collection of plants, which will be described later by Dr. A. Kryshtofovich. The exposure is very limited, and since it was visited by Mr. Kuz- netzov the clay bank above it has fallen, covering the fossiliferous rocks with talus, which rests at such an angle that a little move- ment brings more down. It was therefore difficult to obtain much material, and the rock itself was comparatively unproductive, a day’s labor in splitting it and turning it over sometimes giving little but fragments of Sequoia, Alnus, etc. Some of the best in- sects were found in the bed of the clear and cool Kudia River. Mr. Lavrushin went up and down the river, and also a consider- able distance along the Amagu, in the hope of finding another ex- posure, but without success. He did, however, find a fragmentary fossil leaf on a hill overlooking the Kudia, but it was not in place. Doctor Kryshtofovich, from the collections of Kuznetzov, has iden- tified a flora of 19 species from this deposit. These species are on the whole such as have been considered characteristic of the Eocene, though at least four are said to range upward to the Miocene, while five are not definitely referred to any species. The only new species (Porana sichota-alinensis) is related to a Miocene fossil. It must also be said, that the aspect of the flora is comparatively modern; in fact there is very little which can not be said to be closely allied to plants still living. We no longer find Sequoia or Ginkgo in the * Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 64, art. 13, no. 2503, 1924, pp. 1-15, pls. 1-2. No. 2606.—PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. 68. ART. 5. 538652—25 1 1 Dy PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM ART. 5 Siberian forests, but the Alnus corylina Knowlton and Cockerell (corylifolia Lesquereux), which is one of the most abundant of the fossils, and is represented by fruits and even what appears to be the bank, is entirely similar in aspect to the alders (Alnus hirsuta) growing in dense thickets at the very place where the fossils are found. Kryshtofovich figures a Pinus, allied to the American P. pon- derosa, with three leaves in the bundle. We found this abundantly, and remarked that no such pine existed in the same region to-day. However, we also found two other species of fossil pines, one with leaves in twos (like P. sylvestris) __ and the other with bundles of four slender leaves. This differentiation of Pinus is suggestive of the = Miocene. nee a eee Pet deep ae we In the case of some of these fossil plants, too much importance should not be attached to the specific determination. Thus one of the species reported by Kryshtofovich is Glyptostrobus europaeus (Brongniart.) Of this species Berry writes: This species is exceedingly common at a large number of localities and hori- zons in the northern hemisphere throughout the Tertiary period. In North America it is represented from the basal Eocene to the Pliocene, and though it probably includes more than one botanic species no basis for its segrega- tion except by geographic or geologic divisions is discernible. The insects, although more numerous in species than the recorded plants, will not suffice to define the horizon, though on the whole I should imagine them to be Upper Oligocene or Lower Miocene. TRICHOPTERA Family PHRYGANEIDAE PHRYGANEA LAVRUSHINI, new species Plate 2, fig. 16 Anterior wing about 19 mm. long (the portion preserved 14.3 mm.), width fully 8 mm.; mottled with brown on upper two-fifths, especi- ally toward the base; a well-defined stigmatic cloud; discoidal cell 6.8 mm. long, its base very acute, a large cloud in and above its apical end. Tertiary rocks of Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, found by my assistant, A. I. Lavrushin, 19238. Holotype-—Cat. No. 695938, U.S.N.M. This is a broad-winged species resembling P. latissima Ulmer, from Baltic amber. The venation differs from P. latissima by R, leaving discoidal cell more basad, about 4.2 mm. from base of cell and 2.5 mm. from separation of R,; separation of R, to end of dis- coidal cell only 0.5 mm.; fork at separation of R, very narrow, much VOL. 68 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM SIBERIA—COCKERELL 3 -more so than in P. cinerea, etc. - There is an approach to the Floris- sant Miocene P. wickhami Cockerell. In the Tertiary rocks at Posiet, Siberia, Doctor Kryshtofovich obtained cases of Phryganea (P. kryshtofovichi Cockerell), about 7 mm. wide, made of pieces of Sequoia langsdorffi spirally arranged exactly as in the living P. grandis, The pieces are about 5 mm. long and 1.2 wide. On the other hand, the cases from the Miocene of Oeningen, which Heer named Phryganea antiqua, do not belong to this genus. AMAGUPSYCHINAE, new subfamily Wings very broad; anterior wing similar in most respects (in- - cluding characteristic region at end of cubitus) to that of Phry- ganea, but possessing a complete median cell, and two simple anals; media four-branched, but the fourth branch arises very obliquely close to the base of the median cell, and after a short distance is con- nected with the cubitus by a transverse cross vein; thus all five forks are present. — Type—Amagupsyche, new genus. This might be regarded as the type of a new family, but the structure so closely simulates Phryganeidae that I believe there is actual affinity, the fossil representing a branch of the phryganeid stem which has not persisted. AMAGUPSYCHE, new genus Anterior wing broad, methlike, shaped approximately as in Veuro- nia ruficrus, not hairy, veins pale-brownish; subcosta apparently quite simple, ending very acutely on margin at about level of end of median cell; radius (R,) stout, simple, not in the least undulate subapically, connected with R, by a transverse cross vein a short distance beyond discoidal cell, the vein R, bent at the cress vein; discoidal cell large, about as long as its stem, but not nearly so long as the distance from its end to apex of wing; side of discoidal be- tween first and second forks somewhat oblique, face on first fork twice as long as that on second; median cell long-cuneiform, about as long as discoidal, cross vein to radius at a less distance from its end than the length of its apical side; first two branches of media (third fork) separating just before end of median cell; M, contin- uous to margin in line with lower side of median cell; M, leaving median cell obliquely very neai its base, and connected with cubitus by a cross vein nearly as long as face of discoidal cell on first fork; end of cubitus forming a short triangular fork exactly as in Phry- ganea; first anal ending at base of cubital fork; second anal quite simple (it is also simple in Marilia, Palaeolepidostoma, Maniconeu- rodes and Oqgmomyia), ending at same point as end of Cu,. Type—Amagupsyche perlata, new species. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM ART. 5 The wing spot at the base of the second fork is as in modern Phryganea. AMAGUPSYCHE PERLATA, new species Plate 2, fig. 14 Anterior wing 16 mm. long and 8 broad; uniform dilute fuliginous, not spotted; costal area dark fuscous. Length of discoidal cell 4 mm., its end to apex of wing about 7.5 mm.; length of median Fic. 2.—DISCOIDAL AND MEDIAN ° CELLS OF AMAGUPSYCHE PER- cell slightly over 4 mm. 5 length of oS cellula thyridii 6 mm., its base 4 mm., basad of level of base of discoidal; length of second anal 10 mm. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia; both impressions found. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69594, U.S.N.M. Family LIMNEPHILIDAE INDUSIA COMMINUTA, new species Plate 2, fig. 12 Case cylindrical, straight, about 8 mm. long and 3 wide, at first sight appearing as if made of sand grains, but under the microscope seen to be covered with minute irregular vegetable fragments, not so closely disposed as to hide the entire surface. Only in one case is a very small short piece of Sequoia leaf employed. Some specimens are distinctly narrower at one end. Very abundant in Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. The name /ndusia is employed for caddis- cases which cannot be referred to a definite genus. The reference of this and the next to Limnephilidae is provisional. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69599, U.S.N.M. INDUSIA SEQUOIAE, new species Plate 2, fig. 18 Case cylindrical, straight, about 18 mm. long and 6 wide, com- posed of vegetable fragments, mainly short pieces of leaves of Se- quota langsdorfii, arranged irregularly, but obliquely transverse. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69595, U.S.N.M. LIMNEPHILUS RECULTUS, new species Plate 1, fig. 9 Anterior wing probably 18 mm. long, but only 15 mm. preserved, the base lost; width 7 mm.; apical cells (back to about 7 mm. from apex) clear hyaline, the rest of wing dilute fuliginous, but not vou. 68 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM SIBERIA—-COC KERELL o spotted; costal margin narrowly suffused with dusky to apex; ve- ‘nation so far as visible agreeing with Limnephilus gravidus Hagen, except that the tip of the longer enclosed anal cell is at the same level (distance from base) as the fork of radial sector, indeed slightly more apicad, the wing evidently being shorter. The broad apical portion resembles that of the Limnephilus. End of discoidal cell from tip of wing 7 mm.; length of discoidal cell 5.5 mm.; length of cellula thyridii about 5.3 mm., not going far basad of discoidal; veins delicate, pale-brown; discoidal cell on first fork no longer than breadth of its squarely truncate apex. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype—Cat. No. 69596, U.S.N.M. This seems a very convincing Limnephilus, but it must be ad- mitted that the fossil Phryganea longirostris Hagen has a similarly broad wing, while P. dubia Pictet (which Pictet took for a Limnephilus) has the first fork going aa no great distance basad of apex of discoidal cell. = P. dubia has a fourth fork, which our fossil lacks. Ss All things considered, this surely must be a Limne- we, 3—ENp oF philus,; a matter of interest since Limnephilidae are = P!ScolDaL CELL absent from Baltic amber. Assuming that the pees | family invaded the Palaearctic region at a later date than the amber, we may get some light on the age of the Siberian deposit. Limnephilidae are found (two species) in the Miocene of Florissant. A second specimen referred to Limnephilus recultus is less perfect, but shows the base, with both inclosed anal cells as usual, and the characteristic curve in the radius above end of discoidal cell. The apical area is not so conspicuously pale as in the type. The apex of the cellula thyridii is seen to be extremely oblique, a character favoring Phryganea rather than Limnephilus. COLEOPTERA Family CARABIDAE PATROBUS(?) KUDIENSIS, new species Plate 1, fig. 10. Klytron 7.8 mm. long, 2.9 wide, nearly parallel-sided except at ends; humeral angle rounded, without tooth or prominence; apex broad, not acute, but not truncate; surface as preserved dull, ap- parently minutely granular, but not punctate, the color coffee- brown; eight well-defined but delicate striae, not counting two fine closely adjacent lines on shelflike outer margin; striae not punctate, and no punctures between striae on disk; submarginal punctures feebly indicated. 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM ART. 5 Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69597, U.S.N.M. The general shape of the elytron might suggest Pterostichus or Morio, but there is no humeral projection or point, and the inner basal striae do not conform. As between Patrobus and Scarites I have found it hard to decide, but the elytron agrees better with Patrobus in that the submarginal sulcus fails to reach or approach the apex, and has at its end a row of small punctures. Also, the oblique groove mesad of this is indicated, though feebly. In the genus Patrobus, the species falls near P. californicus Motschulsky, and is quite different from such species of P. longicornis Say, in which the striae are punctured. In Leng’s catalogue, P. californicus and its allies are referred to a distinct genus, Platidius, and our fossil should perhaps stand as Platidius kudiensis. On the same stone, but on the other side, is a case of /ndusia comminuta. It may be added that Patrobus proper is essentially a subarctic genus (Greenland, Alaska, Labrador, etc.), whereas Platidius has its maximum development in more southern regions. This tends to reinforce the suggested reference of the fossil to Platidius. Family CURCULIONIDAE CLEONUS SHAREIPOFFI, new species Plate 1, fig. 11 Elytron 8 mm. long and 2.6 wide, parallel-sided, as preserved rather dilute brown; base truncate, apex broad but pointed; nine rows of strong punctures, evanescent (apparently abraded) apically, three or four punctures in one mm.; between the rows of punctures are very delicate longitudinal brown lines, not impressed; at the beginning of outer third of apical half is an obtuse longitadinal elevation or shoulder. The punctures are circular, not elongated. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69598, U.S.N.M. Numerous Tertiary species have been referred to Cleonus, but few are as convincing as this, which has quite the aspect of the modern genus. I have given it a name commemorating Mr. Shareipoff, head man of the village of Amagu, who gave us much assistance in our undertaking. ANTHONOMUS AMAGUENSIS, new species Plate 1, fig. 7 Elytra brown, 4 mm. long and 1.3 wide, base broadly truncate, humeral angles rounded, apex rather acute. Seven longitudinal striae, consisting of rows of shallow punctures as in living species. vou. 68 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM SIBERIA—COCKERELL é Surface with stout bristlelike structures (bristle-scales), exactly as in the living A. grandis Boheman. The apex is more acute than in A. grandis, and the punctured striae are fewer, but the specimen (a pair of elytra still joined) presents the dorsal view, and the lat- eral striae are presumably not visible. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holoty pe-—Cat. No. 69612, U.S.N.M. Family THROSCIDAE THROSCUS(?) PERITULUS, tiew species Plate 1, fig. 8 Coffee-brown; prothorax 2 mm. wide and 1 mm. long, broadly rounded, forming less than a semicircle, truncate but not excavated in front, sides rapidly expanding posteriorly to end in a thin and sharp spine or thornlike angle, mesad of which the hind margin is broadly excavated; surface of prothorax and elytra minutely rugose or rugosopunctate; elytra shghtly over 3 mm. long, and a little over 1 mm. wide, width of insect at middle of elytra 2.1 mm.; elytra with humeral angles prominent; first three-fifths of outer margin straight but the elytra slightly widening to the end of the straight portion, then rapidly contracting to the obtuse apex; no striae or distinct punctures, but some evidence of obtuse ridges, forming a sort of narrow reversed V, in the manner of the Buprestid Anthawxia aeneogaster Castelnau (specimen from near Ward, Colorado, com- pared). The thorax is wholly different from that of Anthawia. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69600, U.S.N.M. Had I only the elytra, I should imagine this to fall in the Buprestidae, in or near Anthavia. The thorax is more like that of the Elateridae, except for its shortness. Thus the insect falls best in the Throscidae, but the reference to 7hroscus is to be taken in the broadest sense. As a possible alternative, I sought among the genera of Nitidulidae, but found nothing closely comparable. Wickham described a Throscid (Pactopus) from the Miocene of Florissant; the specimen presents a ventral view, whereas ours presents the dorsal. HYMENOPTERA Family MEGACHILIDAE MEGACHILE AMAGUENSIS, new species Plate 1, fig. 1 Anterior wing 9 mm. long and about 3.6 mm. broad; fuliginous, with brown veins; marginal cell narrowly rounded at apex, away from costa; fold across first submarginal cell distinct; second sub- 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM ART. 5 marginal cell very long, receiving first recurrent nervure nearly as far from base as the length of first intercubitus, but the second recurrent practically at apex; basal nervure meeting nervulus on the basad side, the latter not in line with it, but directed a little apicad, bulging outwardly. The following measurements are in microns: Second submarginal cell on marginal, 960; lower side of first sub- marginal cell, 1184; first recurrent nervure from basal corner of second submarginal, 480; first recurrent to second (on second sub- marginal) 1280. Tertiary rocks of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69601, U.S.N.M. A true Megachile, by reason of the fuliginous wings resembling some of the modern Indian species, and like them, having the base distinctly pallid, though only for a short distance. The distance of the first recurrent nervure from the base of the second submargina] cell is an unusual feature, which I do not observe in living species HOMOPTERA Family CERCOPIDAE PHILAGRA(?) KUDIANA, new species Plate 1, fig. 3 Hind wing 18.5 mm. long, entirely fuliginous; r.—m. cross vein transverse (vertical), 6 mm. from apex of wing; m.—cu. cross vein strongly oblique, arched, its lower end apicad, about 0.6 mm. from fork of cubitus and a little over 7 mm. from end of upper branch of cubitus; cubital fork wide; second anal undulate, with a strong double curve. Tertiary rocks of Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69602, U.S.N.M. Philagra, a genus now ranging to China, Japan, and Australia, has exactly the same venation, but whether the fossil species had the produced head of Philagra we cannot know. Aphrophora differs by having the lower cross vein vertical, as I have verified by examining various species. Cosmoscarta has this cross vein oblique, but the lower end is basad. This fossil may be compared with Aphrophora angusta Handlirsch, from the Tertiary of Tulameen River, British Columbia. This species is quite as large as ours, but has a cua. cross vein, and a much narrower cell between branches of cubitus. APHROPHORA PROTOCALLA, new species Plate 1, Fig. 6 Tegman 13.5 mm. long, 4 broad in middle (clavus missing; costal margin convex, but not excessively so; outer margin about VOL. 68 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM SIBERIA——-COCKERELL 9 4 mm. long, gently curved, the apex of the tegmen obtuse, not _ pointed, apex and outer margin being formed as in the oriental Thoodzata princeps Distant, whereas in modern Aphrophora the tegmen is more pointed. Venation as in Aphrophora, with the radius curved, not straight as in T7hoodzata; distance between branches of radius slightly greater than distance between lower branch and upper branch of media. Base of tegmen with the elongate-inclosed area above radius (formed by the subcosta) whitish, but the area between subcosta and costa dark-brown; below the radius the basal part of the tegmen is colorless, except for a very large obtusely cuneiform (pointed basad) mark through the middle of which runs the stem of the media; a very broad colorless band across tegmen 3.7 mm. from base, its outer margin reaching fork of media, its lower end narrowed; beyond this light band is a large brown area about 3 mm. long, its upper portion darkest, the principal veins remaining pale as they cross it; next, and about 8 mm. from base, is another transverse colorless band, very broad above, with an obtuse extension along lower branch of radius, below much narrowed, and ending in an extremely oblique band crossing lower branch of media, directed basad; next follows a brown band, shaped rather like the pale one, but abruptly bent apicad and very narrow on lower branch of radius; apical area pallid, apparently more or less brownish. The radius forks about 1.8 mm. beyond level of fork of media. Tertiary rocks, Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69603, U. S. N. M. A very beautiful fossil, not satisfactorily separable from Aphro- phora, but not like the European tertiary species assigned by Heer to that genus. Both shape and pattern recall the allied genus Thoodzata Distant, from Tenasserim. MEGACERCOPIS, new genus Tegmina large; costa only slightly arched; apex broadly rounded; lower margin (clavus present) straight; stem of radius directed obliquely upward, but no less than 3 mm. below costa, giving rise to a rather broad symmetrical fork, the upper branch passing some distance below costa, and at the end abruptly deflected downward to meet the radial sector, this being anterior to the similar curved vein connecting the sector with the media; media emitting four inferior branches to the margin, which appear as pale lines on a dark ground; Cu, (in sense of Tillyard) strong and straight; only the extreme tip of first anal preserved, this about 7 mm. anterior to end of Cu.,. Type.—Megacercopis optima, new species. 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM ART. 5 MEGACERCOPIS OPTIMA, new species Plate 1, fig. 4 Tegmen so far as preserved 19 mm. long, but the base (basad of separation of Cu,+M from Cu,) is lacking, and the total length would probably be about 23 mm.; width 7.3 mm.; fork of radius 14.6 mm. from apex; tegmen pale, with dusky spots and patches; area above stem of radius suffusedly dusky; a dusky shade or line (only well defined outwardly) crossing the tegmen beyond level of fork of radius, receding basad at upper branch of radius (but not at sector), at media and at cubitus, between media and cubitus forming a semicircular mark; a small spot just below Cu, near base; just beyond level of end of Cu, are three large elongate patches, the first between branches of radius, the second between radial sec- tor and media, and the third just beyond and narrowly connected with the semicircular mark already described; just beyond the third of these patches is another, through which runs a white line, bent beyond the middle; in subapical region, bounded by vein connect- ing radial sector with media, is a large oblong patch; margin of nearly apical third of tegmen brown, the interrupting veins appear- ing white. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69604, U.S.N.M. Scudder in 1895 remarked on the large size of the Cercopinae of the tertiary of British Columbia. The present insect shows some resemblance in its markings to Dawsonites veter Scudder, from the British Columbia Tertiary, but the structure differs. In venation, our genus suggests Scudder’s Stenecphora, but the shape of the apical part is quite different. The present Cercopid fauna of northern regions (about 25 species in America north of Mexico) is an impoverished remnant of the Cercopidae of tertiary time. Family CICADELLIDAE LAVRUSHINIA, new genus Tegmen (clavus missing in type specimen) long and narrow, costa practically straight, apex broadly and symmetrically rounded; media leaving radius before end of basal third, the fork symme- trical and rather wide; large discoidal cell between media and radius elongated, squarely truncated at the beginning of the middle anteapical cell, but above narrowly contiguous with the cuneate base of the cell in the radial fork, and below more broadly with the large cell in the fork of the media, this last cell being truncate apically, but cuneate basally, with a very long oblique side on cell VOL. 68 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM SIBERIA—-COCKERELL 11 between media and cubitus; the usual upright cross-vein (sup- posedly end of subcosta) from upper subapical cell; the usual three rather short (but longer than high) apical cells, truncate basally, the middle one not extending so far basad as the others; cubitus straight; a broadly lanceolate cell beyond its end, at the anal corner, contiguous for an equal distance with the lower subapical and lower apical cells; marginal vein hardly separate from margin, except narrowly at the anal angle. I follow Tillyard’s nomencla- ture, but the ambient vein, which he describes as specially charac- teristic of Membracidae, also exists in Cicadellidae, and sometimes is quite evidently separated from the margin. Type—Lavrushinia elegantula, new species. I am at a loss to identify this with any modern genus. The vena- tion varies so much within the genus in this family (as in Deltoce- phalus), that the tegmen alone is not very satisfactory for generic determination, but it seems probable that we have to do with an extinct genus. There is some resemblance to such genera as Tetti- goniella and Helochara. Chunra of Distant differs at once by hav- ing the ambient vein widely separated from the margin, as Tillyard describes for the Membracidae. LAVRUSHINIA ELEGANTULA, new species Plate 1, fig. 2 Tegman 6.5 mm. long, 2 broad (clavus missing) ; dilute fuliginous, with strong brown veins, costal margin dark, and stigmatic region infuscated. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Found by Mr. A. I. Laxrushin, after whom the genus is named. Holotype—Cat. No. 69605, U.S.N.M. Family CIXIIDAE MUNDOPOIDES, new genus Resembling the oriental genus A/undopa Distant, but with nearly straight costa, obliquely truncate apex and almost straight outer margin, giving the tegmen a very mothlike aspect. A sharp, simple subcosta running just below the costa, ending on margin about mid- dle of tegmen; radius running about a third of depth of tegmen below costa, a little before middle of wing emitting two long very oblique branches above; apical area, beyond the second pale band, with widely separated, not dense, longitudinal veins. Clavus miss- ing in the type. The tegmen is black, with two broad light bands, as in the Cercopids Zomaspis and Cosmoscarta, but the structure is not that of Cercopidae. The outer margin is very narrowly pale, as in Clocixius. Type—Mundopoides cisthenaria, new species. 19 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM ART. 5 MUNDOPOIDES CISTHENARIA, new species Plate 1, fig. 5 Tegmen about 11 mm. long (the extreme base lacking); black, with two broad colorless bands; the first, not far from base, about 1.5 mm. wide, suddenly and rectangularly constricted at inner lower corner; the second, about 1.7 mm. wide, gently arcuate, placed 3 mm. beyond the first band, and 4 mm. from apex; apical margin very narrowly pallid. A round spot and a pale patch, with other slight markings, are not natural, but due to abrasion. The second band does not quite reach the costa at its upper outer corner, but on the inner side appears to be prolonged along costa; costa hardly arched; outer margin little curved, 5 mm. long; lower margin straight (in absence of clavus), at least 9 mm. long. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype—Cat. No. 69613, U.S.N.M. The name of the species is derived from a superficial resemblance to the moths of the Neotropical genus Cisthene; the central band is placed nearly as in C. lunaris Walker. The shape of the tegmen re- calls the Ricaniine genus Privesa, but the structure is quite different. There is a genuine resemblance to the American genus Bothriocera, species of which have a somewhat similar pattern of light and dark | markings. DIPTERA Family BIBIONIDAE Genus PLECIA Wiedemann The genus Plecia is very widely distributed over the world, but in any given fauna the species are few. It therefore seemed quite scandalous for Handlirsch to describe 20 species from tertiary rocks in two localities in British Columbia, there being only about three to-day in the whole of the Nearctic region. However, I have been able to distinguish four readily separable species in the Floris- sant Miocene, and in now presenting 6 from a single Siberian lo- cality I believe I err, if at all, on the side of moderation. I do not yet believe that all of Handlirsch’s 20 species are distinct, but it must apparently be recognized that in tertiary times Plecia was very rich in species, as Z’%pula is to-day, and indeed was then. Brunetti, in his table of Indian Plecia, divides the species into two categories thus: (@) Third (3+4) longitudinal vein forking some distance beyond anterior cross vein (nearly at half the length of its lower branch), and always distinctly beyond the fork of fourth vein. (b) Third longitudinal vein forking shortly beyond anterior cross vein (distinctly before one-third of the length of its you. 68 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM SIBERIA—COCKERELL 13 lower branch), and approximately opposite the fork of fourth vein; the upper branch lying almost parallel to the lower one, not almost erect as in the other division. Divided thus, only one Siberian species (?. amagua) falls in division &. The remaining five go in a, except for the fact that the upper branch (second vein) is not short and suberect as in P. fulvicollis. In the modern Indian fauna, the preponderance is the other way, division 6 having three species, division a, only two. The common American P. heteroptera Say falls in division a, but has the upper branch (second vein) long and running nearly par- allel with the lower, thus more resembling the majority of Siberian fossils than do the Indian members of this division. P. plagiata Wiedemann, from Guatemala, has the upper branch even more erect than in P. fulvicollis. It would appear that this erect or suberect branch is a character of the tropical species of both hemispheres, or at least, is lacking in those of temperate regions. The Siberian fossils may be separated thus: Wancmless: than (G mm. long =k 28 a oe a ee ee 1. Wine nOvVels O MIM. slONG 24222 2.25 fo 2 3k ee ee ee eee See 2. 1. Cell in fork of vein 8 (2+3) very long and narrow____—- amagua, new species. Cell in fork of vein 3 shorter and broader_______-__-___ kudiella, new speces. 2. Basal corner of second posterior cell at a distance from anterior cross vein less (or not more than) the length of cross vein______ refracta, new species. Basal corner of second posterior cell at a distance from anterior cross vein greater than length of cross vein_____________________________ ae 8. Third vein before anterior cross vein over 2 mm. long__ redempta, new species. Third vein before anterior cross vein less than 2 mm. long____________ 4. 4, Upper branch of fourth vein nearly in line with stem_ kuznetzovi, new species. Upper branch of fourth vein strongly and abruptly elevated at base. obsitula, new species. In this key the living P. heteroptera runs straight to P. refracta. In the descriptions, I follow Williston’s interpretation of the vena- tion, but as shown below, this may be incorrect in respect to the second vein. PLECIA AMAGUA, new species Plate 2, fig. 15 Wing 5.5 mm. long and about 2.3 broad, very pale reddish, with pale veins; fork of third vein extremely narrow, the upper part (second vein) very weak, the lower strong and strongly curved; fork of fourth vein at a distance from anterior cross vein consid- erably greater than length of latter; fork of third vein a little before vertical level of fork of fourth. Anterior cross vein to fork of fourth 480 up. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69606, U.S.N.M. 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM ART. 5 Related to P. atra Brunetti, but with the fork of third vein even narrower, in its basal portion less than half width of fork of fourth. The fourth posterior cell is greatly widened on the margin; in this respect P. amagua differs from P. atra and resembles rather P. fulvicollis. PLECIA KUDIELLA, new species Plate 2, fig. 18 Fic. 4.—PART OF VENATION OF PLECIA AMAGUA Wing about 5 mm. long. Differs from P. amagua by being smaller, with vein 3 much less curved downward at end, and the fork (separation of 2 from 3) much shorter and more open, its base considerably beyond vertical level of fork of fourth. The wing is very pale, faintly reddish, with pale veins. The fork of fourth vein is wide, its base about 320 yp. from anterior cross vein, the latter being about 160 » long. The fourth posterior cell is little widened apically, being about as in P. atra. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69607, U.S.N.M. PLECIA REFRACTA, new species Plate 2, fig. 21 Wing 9.6 mm. long, 3.8 wide; moderately dusky throughout, with pale veins. Upper branch of third vein (second vein) colorless and difficult to see; fork of fourth vein to anterior cross vein about 430 p, the anterior cross vein about 480 y» long; anterior cross vein more than twice as far from base of third posterior cell as from fork of Hse fourth vein; fork of third vein very far beyond vertical level of fork of fourth, being about 1280 » beyond anterior cross vein; fourth posterior cell wide open at apex. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. In addition to the type, four other specimens are referred to this species. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69608, U.S.N.M. 5.—PART OF VENATION OF PLECIA KUDIELLA PLECIA REDEMPTA, new species Plate 2 fig. 20 Wing about 8.6 mm. long, dusky, with the upper part fuliginous, the veins dark. This resembles P?. obsitula, but is distinct by the much longer third (really second and third united) vein before an- terior cross vein, the length of this section being 2320 yp (in obsi- VOL. 68 TERTIARY INSECTS FROM SIBERIA—-COCKERELL 15 -tula only 1470 yp.) The second posterior cell (fork of fourth vein) is also much wider, the width about middle 1200 uw (in obsitula 800 ».). Anterior cross vein to fork of third, about 1280 y; to fork of fourth about 590. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69609, U.S.N.M. PLECIA KUZNETZOVI, new species Plate 2, fig. 19 Wing 7 mm. long; differs from P. obsitula in being smaller, paler, with upper branch of fourth vein nearly in a line with stem (in . obsitula, redempta, and refracta it is abruptly elevated at base), and second vein after separation from third nearly parallel with the latter. The third vein before anterior cross vein is 1.4 mm.; fourth posterior cell widely open at apex; anterior cross vein only about half as long as in P. redempta, its distance from fork of fourth about 430 uy. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69610, U.S.N.M. Under a lens, it looks as if the second vein came from the first, but this is quite illusory, being due to a clouding of the wing at this point. The species is named after the discoverer of the deposit. PLECIA OBSITULA, new species Plate 2, fig. 17. Wing 8.3 mm. long, 3.4 wide, dusky, with mainly dark veins, the costal region broadly suffused with fuliginous; fork of fourth vein distant from anterior cross vein nearly 1.5 times the length of cross-vein; cross vein shghtly beyond midmost point between separa- tion of third vein and its fork; anterior cross vein conspicuously closer to fork of fourth than to base of third posterior cell, but not nearly twice as close; fourth posterior cell widely open at apex; an- terior cross vein to fork of third twice as far as to fork of fourth; upper branch of third (really second) vein abruptly elbowed at base. The type appears to be a male; two specimens with broader and paler wings are presumed to be females, the sexual difference being as in modern species. Tertiary of Kudia River, Siberia. In addition to the type speci- men, six others are referred to this species. Holotype.—Cat. No. 69611, U.S.N.M. In Protoplecia, from the Upper Lias of Mecklenburg, the fork of third vein is far anterior to the vertical level of fork of fourth, which would seem to indicate that the condition observed in P. amagua is the more primitive. From the same European deposit, 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM ART. 5 however, Handlirsch has more recently published a genus Loplecia, in which the third vein of Williston (radical sector) emits two branches above, one before, the other after, the anterior cross vein. Thus it may be held that the second vein is actually absent in the modern insect, and not represented by the upper branch of the third. This view is further supported by the condition in the Ani- sopodidae, in which the second vein arises before the cross vein, and the third is without a fork. In such Diptera as the Leptidae, the second vein arises as in Anisopodidae, but the third forks in a manner analogous to that of Plecia. Brunetti, however, argues that possibly it is the third vein which is absent in Bibionidae, and says: If we compare a wing of Culex with that of Plecia, and simply eliminate the third vein from the former and lengthen the anterior cross vein, we get an exact counterpart in the wing of the latter. EXPLANATION OF PLATES. PEATE ee . Megachile amaguensis, new species, X 314. . Lavrushinia elegantula, new species, X 6. . Philagra (?) kudiana, new species, X 3. Megacercopis optima, new species, X 2%. . Mundopoides cisthenaria, new species, < 3. . Aphrophora protocalla, new species, X 2%. . Anthonomus amaguensis, new species, X 6. . Throscus (?) peritulus, new species, X 6. . Limnephilus recultus, new species, X 8. . Patrobus (?) kudiensis, new species, X 6. . Cleonus shareipoffi, new species, X 6. Fic. _ BOD MNAMTRHONE pany PLATE 2. Fic. 12. Indusia comminuta, new species, X 6. 13. Indusia sequoiae, new species, X 3. 14. Amagupsyche perlata, new species, X 2. 15. Plecia amagua, new species, X 6. 16. Phryganea lavruschini, new species, * 2. 17. Plecia obsitula, new species, X 6. 18. Plecia kudiella, new species, X 6. 19. Plecia kuznetzovi, new species, X 6. 20. Plecia redempta, new species, X 6. 21. Plecia refracta, new species, X 3. O U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. 5 PL. | TERTIARY INSECTS FROM KUDIA RIVER, SIBERIA FOR DESCRIPTION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 16 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM TERTIARY INSECTS FROM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. 5 PL. 2 KuUDIA RIVER, SIBERIA FOR DESCRIPTION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 16 — atin SOME HALICTINE BEES FROM THE MARITIME PROV- INCE OF SIBERIA By T. D. A. CockErELu Of the University of Colorado, Boulder The genus Halictus is world-wide, with an enormous number of species, many of which are very closely allied and hard to discrimi- nate. The reason for this specific diversity is not wholly apparent, as the insects are much less restricted to particular flowers and sea- sons than the species of Andrena. From Eurepe we know at present about 128 apparently valid species. The number would be consid- erably greater were it not for the synonymy recently proposed by Dr. P. Bliithgen, based on his intensive studies. It may be that he has gone too far in reducing names to the synonymy, but it must be admitted that previous authors have proposed many needless names." Errors have been difficult to avoid, partly because adequate collec- tions were not available, and it is by no means easy to describe the pecularities of form and sculpture in a perfectly intelligible manner. Some future monographer will perhaps illustrate the form of the head, sculpture of the thorax, etc., by enlarged photo- graphic figures, and thus place the whole subject on a much sounder basis. It will also be desirable to figure the mouth parts and male genitalia. Many of the Kuropean species extend into Asia, either as local races or subspecies, or in some cases practically unmodified. Tur- kestan has an extensive fauna of about 47 supposedly endemic species. but these are poorly represented in museums and rather insufficiently known. I possess specimens of //. equestris Morawitz, cariniventris Morawitz, and varipes Morawitz, but the latter two are now consid- ered synonymous with //, mucoreus Eversmann (pollinosus Sichel) and H. subauratus Rossi, respectively. This Turkestan fauna be- longs to a dry country, and has very little in common with that of the moist coast region of southeastern Siberia, where my collecting was done. The insects of the Maritime Province are to be compared with those of Europe rather than with those of Turkestan or Mon- * Bliithgen (in litt.) suggests that my H. bentoni, from Persia, is H. obscuratus Mora witz, described from Turkestan. No. 2607.—PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. 68, ART. 6. 538653—25 1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 golia, and there is only a small infusion of oriental types from the south. From other parts of temperate Asia the Halictus-fauna is very imperfectly known, so it is not surprising that most of the species collected in the Maritime Province appear to be new. The remark- able H. dybowskii Radoszkowski, described from the region of the Amur, was also obtained by me and I have referred it to a new genus Acanthalictus, along with a closely related new species (A. grisei- pennis Cockerell). HH. denticollis Morawitz, from Eastern Siberia, I did not find. H. monstrificus Morawitz, from Siberia, is said by both Alfken and Bliithgen to be H. sextrigatus Schenck. H. rufi- tarsis Zetterstedt, which Strand records as collected by Eschscholtz in Kamtchatka, was not recognized in the Maritime Province, nor could I identify any of my specimens with the species described by Strand from Tsingtau, in China. Of the 128 European species, I possess only 54, and these have all been carefully compared with the Siberian material. It is, of course, possible that among the species I have not seen and could not prop- erly interpret from the descriptions alone there may be some of those here described as new, but I think it is unlikely. The very wide- spread species are, as a rule, the better-known ones, although it occa- sionally happens that a rare and little-known form will turn up in very remote localities. It is very likely that some of the species now described will be found in Sakhalin Island or northern Japan, but I can not identify any of them with known Japanese species. The present report does not deal with the subgenera Seladonia and Ohloralictus, but it is worth while to note that I found only one Ohloralictus, the new H. mayacensis Cockerell from Low Light- house, and two species of Seladonia, the European H. tumulorum linnaeus and the new 77. cruditus Cockerell. HALICTUS MOLTRECHTI, new species Female.—Length about 7.5 mm., anterior wing 6 mm.; black, shining, rather robust, with scanty pubescence; head broad, about circular seen from in front, face and occiput with thin pale hair; clypeus produced, polished, with well-separated strong punctures; supraclypeal area entirely different, with minute punctures; front dull above, but shining along the sides and near the antennae; antennae entirely black; cheeks rounded, not enlarged; mesothorax and scutellum shining, well and distinctly punctured; scutellum with a median groove; hair of thorax scanty, tinged with brownish, fringe on tubercles comparatively short (a point of distinction from H. calceatus Scopoli) ; area of metathorax with distinct but irregular (wavy and bent) longitudinal rugae; the posterior limit of area arr. 6 HALICTINE BEES FROM SIBERIA—COCKERELL 3 well defined; posterior truncation dullish, and with thin reddish hair, the lateral margins very sharply defined; tegulae dark rufous; wings dusky, stigma and nervures dusky amber; basal nervure close to nervulus; second cubital cell very broad, receiving recurrent nervure well before end; outer intercubitus and recurrent weakened ; legs with pale reddish hair, becoming golden on inner side of hind tarsi; hind spur pectinate, with three spines; abdomen broad, highly polished, minutely punctured, hind margins of segments rather ob- scurely brown; thin inconspicuous hair patches at lateral bases of second and third segments. Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 5, 1 female (Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 27838, U.S.N.M. Superficially very closely resembles H. interruptus Panzer, of Europe, but certainly distinct by the lack of a transverse groove on clypeus, and the much better defined and more distinctly sculptured area of metathorax. The posterior truncation of metathorax is sparsely and weakly punctured, with a little irregular striation at the extreme top; in H. interruptus it is conspicuously striate or plicate all over. The hind tibial spur of H. enterruptus is coarsely pectinate, much as in the Siberian species. Named after Dr. A. Moltrecht, the learned lepidopterist of Vlad- ivostok. HALICTUS KRALOFFI, new species Female—tLength about 7 mm., anterior wing 5.5 mm.; similar to H. moltrechti, but smaller, and differing also as follows: Face narrower; disk of mesothorax more closely punctured, and with a distinct median groove; area of metathorax more closely sculptrued, the rugae variously incomplete and forming an irregular network; second cubial cell narrower; abdomen narrower, basal hair-band white and complete at least on second segment; hind spur pectinate with at least five rather short teeth; margin of second abdominal segment more conspicuously pale; hair on inner side of hind tarsi paler, less golden; hair fringe of tubercles white (tinged with red- dish in H. moltechti). The tegulae are rufous. Kongaus, Siberia, August, 1 female (Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 27839, U.S.N.M. Certainly very close to H. moltrechti, but surely a distinct species. There is a very close general resemblance to H. opacus Pérez, from Corsica, but that species differs by the strongly reddened wings, much broader second cubital cell, and closely and very finely punc- tured apical part of first abdominal segment. Named after Nicolai Petroivich Kraloff, of the Vladivostok Mu- seum, who has collected many bees in the Maritime Province. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 68 HALICTUS SOLOVIEFFI, new species Female—Length about 7.5 mm., anterior wing 5.4 mm.; super- ficially so much like H. kroaloffi that I took it for the same, but it differs as follows: Tegulae piceous; mesothorax dullish (without polished surface), very closely and rather coarsely punctured; rugae of metathoracic area fewer and not forming a network. In JZ. kraloffi the disk of the mesothorax has the small punctures sepa- rated by, on the average, considerably more than a puncture’s width; in this form the punctures are large and dense, separated by hardly half a puncture’s width, and the intervals are sculptured. The hind margins of the second and following abdominal segments are pallid, those of the third and fourth quite broadly so; and there are no con- spicuous basal hair bands. The hind spur is long-pectinate. The short fringe of the tubercles, and smaller size, readily separate it from H. calceatus Scopoli. Kongaus, Siberia. August 9, female (Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 27340, U.S.N.M. Named after Nicolas Solovieff, of the Vladivostok Museum, who has maintained a center for zoological work and education in spite of difficulties of many kinds, and deserves the good wishes and thanks of all scientific men. The following table separates a series of moderately large black females of Halictus from the Maritime Province of Siberia: Mesothorax highly polished, sparsely punctured, and with a sharp edge in front (Kongaus and Okeanskaja) —~______________ morbillosus orientis Cockerell. Mesothorax dull, or if shining, closely or rather closely punetured__________ 1 1. Large species, with hair-bands at apices of segments; third cubital cell more than twice as long as second, the second not particularly narrow; wings strongly reddened (Okeanskaja) —._.______»________-__ tetrazonius Klug, Third cubital cell not nearly twice as long as second, or if so, second very narrow; and species relatively smalle2_02) Jose. Fe eel ee) ee 2 2. Apical part of first abdominal segment polished, little or not punctured__ 3 Apical part of first abdominal segment conspicuously punctured_________ 6 3. Tubercles with a very long fringe; wings dusky; head not circular (Okean- BSS) acs ae eh ee as Rn meen te ce calceatus Scopoli. Tubercles with a relatively’ shor?’ fringe! 22!) 2U 4 ee eee A 4. Larger; head citcularviv#o0. 33. si pitesy ian moltrechti, new species. Smaller; head. narrowet=.2_- =... 34.4 2 _ Beetle 26 5 5. Tegulae dark; mesothorax densely punctured_________ solovieffi, new species. Tegulae red; mesothorax shining and more sparsely punctured. kraloffi, new species. 6. Larger; second cubital cell broad (Kongaus)____-________ tacitus Cockerell. Smaller; second cubital cell narrow (Okeanskaja, Olga, Amagu village, Kudia River) =~ 2-22o534 pee he eee alinensis Cockerell. The last is closely related to H. leucozonius Schrank. BY ae dis Pe Be oe ART, 6 HALICTINE BEES FROM SIBERIA—COCKERELL 5 HALICTUS LUTZENKOI, new species Male—tLength about 8 mm., anterior wing 5.7 mm.; black, with white hair, long and pale fulvous in region of scutellum; head broad, circular seen from in front; cheeks moderately swollen, rounded; face and front densely covered with white hair; clypeus not much produced, with an apical transverse yellowish-white mark; antennae long, entirely black, flagellar joints submoniliform; mesothorax and scutellum polished, with distinct but not very close punctures; area of metathorax shining, with strong longitudinal rugae; posterior truncation sharply defined, and with conspicuous transverse rugae; tegulae large, very dark one with broad whitish margins; wings _ grayish eae stigma and nervures dusky yellowish; Beret cubital cell narrow, hardly half as broad as third, receiving recurrent ner- vure a little before end; outer nervures not distinctly weakened; legs entirely black, with light hair, spurs pale ferruginous; abdomen shining, finely punctured, conspicuous and entire white basal hair- bands on segments 2 to 4; venter of abdomen with a patch of pale red hair subapically. Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 18, 1 male (Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 27341, U.S.N.M. Apparently nearest to H. zonulus Smith, but differing sufficiently in sculpture and venation to be separable. In Crawford’s table of North American species it runs close to H. similis Smith. I had sup- posed H. similis to be inseparable from H. leucozonius, but the male, as determined by Crawford, is certainly not /ewcozonius. Crawford himself remarks that it is what I regard as 7. discus Smith. Named after the able director of the Commercial School at Vladi- vostok, who has done much to stimulate scientific interest among his pupils. HALICTUS WITTENBOURGI, new species Male—tLength about 8 mm., anterior wing 6.7 mm.; black with white hair, on head and thorax above distinctly tinged with yellow; head broad, but face rather narrow, and clypeus strongly produced, its apical margin with a broad pale yellow band; cheeks flattened, not prominent; antennae black, reaching quite to end of scutellum; mesothorax and scutellum dull and rugosopunctate, the mesothorax anteriorly rather densely clothed with short pale hair, on a surface which is punctured as closely as possible; area of metathorax poorly defined, coarsely rugose; posterior truncation sharply defined, strigato-rugose; tegulae dull rufous, piceous at base; wings grayish- hyaline, stigma and nervures reddish-brown, stigma ending more obtusely than usual; second cubital cell bread, receiving recurrent hervure near end, third not very much broader than second; abdo- 53653—25}——2 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 men dull and glaucous, finely punctured, conspicuous entire white hair-bands at bases of segemnts 2 to 4; two tufts of reddish hair be- neath near apex; legs black, with light hair; spurs white. Kongaus, Siberia, August, 1 male (Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 27342, U.S.N.M. Compared with H. seanotatus Kirby, this differs at once by the dull abdomen, sharply margined truncation of metathorax, more produced and apically narrower clypeus, more slender flagellum, etc. The metathorax is more like that of H. major Nylander, but the abdomen is totally different. In the North American fauna it recalls H. trizonatus Cresson, which also has a glaucous abdomen, but other characters differ greatly. Named after Dr. Paul de Wittenbourg, author of an extremely valuable account of the geology of the region about Vladivostok, who rendered our expedition many invaluable services. I consid- ered the possibility that this might be the male of H. tacitus Cock- erell, but on comparison was obliged to reject this hypothesis. HALICTUS SHISHKINI, new species Male.—Length about 6.5 mm., anterior wing 5.4 mm.; black, with rather thin white hair, not at all tinged with yellow on thorax above; head broad, but inner orbits subemarginate, and eyes strongly con- verging below; face and front with white hair; clypeus with a large pale yellow patch, sending a median process upward; labrum yel- low; mandibles pale yellow in middle and rufous apically; antennae black, reaching to the end of thorax, flagellum stout; a polished space in front of anterior ocellus; mesothorax shining, rather closely and quite distinctly punctured; scutellum coarsely rugosoplicate ; area of metathorax well defined, with about sixteen vermiform rugae; posterior truncation well defined, and with a series of lateral pits; pleura rugose; tegulae clear rufous; wings hyaline, stigma and nervous light ferruginous; second cubital cell rather narrow, but much more than half width of third, receiving recurrent nervure well before end; outer nervures somewhat weakened; legs black, with knees, anterior tibiae in front, all tibiae at both ends, and tarsi, creamy-white, more reddened on front tibiae; spurs white; abdomen long and slender, highly polished, with very minute punctures; no hair-bands or spots; hind margin of second segment narrowly red- dened; no subapical ventral tuft of reddish hair. The tubercles have a small light spot. Kongaus, Siberia, August, 1 male (Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 27348, U.S.N.M. Something like H. fulvicornis Kirby, but at once separated by the shining mesothorax and dark antennae. In the American fauna it ART. 6 HALICTINE BEES FROM SIBERIA—-COCKERELL 7 falls near H. aberrans Crawford. The long antennae recall Z. rufocinctus Sichel. Named after J. K. Shiskin, the accomplished botanist of Vladivostok. HALICTUS EMELIANOFFI, new species Male——Length about 8 mm., anterior wing 6 mm.; black, with white hair, tinged with yellow on head and thorax above; face broad; clypeus with a broad transverse apical white band; labrum brown; mandibles black, ferruginous subapically; antennae reach- ing about to scutellum; flagellum ferruginous beneath; mesothorax and scutellum shining but quite closely punctured; area of meta- thorax large, with closely set longitudinal rugae, but a transverse polished smooth band apically; posterior truncation distinctly de- fined, shining, without strong sculpture, but rugose at sides; tuber- cles entirely black; tegulae large, pale rufotestaceous, piceous at base; wings hyaline, faintly grayish; stigma large, deep rufofus- cous; nervures fuscous; basal nervure quite distant from nervulus; second cubital cell narrow, receiving recurrent nervure before the end; third cubital not twice as broad as second; outer nervures hardly weakened; anterior tibiae in front very pale reddish; middle and hind basitarsi yellowish white; small joints of tarsi dusky; all the tibiae reddish at extreme base and apex; spurs white; abdomen narrow, shining, finely punctured; dull white bands of tomentum, failing in middle, at bases of segments 2 to 4; tip of abdomen rufous; no subapical ventral tuft of red hair. Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 18, 1 male (Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 27348, U.S.N.M. This insect is rather suggestive of H. /aevis Kirby, but the color of the tegulae and wings and the details of sculpture are conspicu- ously different, so that there is perhaps little real affinity. The hind margins of the abdominal segments are obscurely brownish, but not reddish as in H. laevis. In Crawford’s table of American species it runs to H. arcuatus Robertson, but is not allied. Named after Alexander Adrianovich Emeljanoff, of Vladivostok, keen student of the herpetology of the Maritime Province. The following table separates a series of black male Halictus col- lected in the Maritime Province: ees Gre STI) Estee ope ae =F Yrak PR PAD RR eA Jone OP od oe i TES USSR CSRS TT) SUL eerie ee cae Sa fuel CN eVect ae RCN Ee WIN ey 3 1. Nervures fuscous; second cubital cell nearly as broad as third. wittenbourgi, new species. Nervures testaceous; second cubital cell very narrow________---_--______- 2 2. Mesothorax closely punctured (Kongaus)____--________ alinensis Cockerell. Mesothorax sparsely punctured on disk, polished_____ lutzenkoi, new species. 3. Antennae very long; face narrower_________________ shishkini, new species. Antennae moderate; face broader_______-_- emelianoffi, new species. 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 In the Amagu region, in July, the males had not begun to appear, but in the southern part of the Province, in August, they were ap- pearing in small numbers before we left. The females of the same species probably emerged a little later, so that of five kinds of males we have only the female for one. The small black species of Halictus collected in the Maritime Province of Siberia, belonging to the subgenus Hwylaeus Robertson, are referable to two series, separated by the hind spur of the female. Group A, HIND SPUR OF FEMALE HIND TIBIA WITH NUMEROUS (USUALLY ABOUT SIx) RATHER SHORT OBLIQUD SPINES HALICTUS TRANSPOSITUS, new species Female.—Length nearly 6 mm., anterior wing 5 mm.; black, with scanty grayish-white hair; hind margins of abdominal segments rather broadly pale reddish; abdomen without any conspicuous hair bands or patches, but a little pale hair at lateral bases of second seg- ment; head broad, approximately circular seen from in front; man- dibles obscurely reddish subapically; clypeus shining, with strong punctures; sides of face glistening, front dull; flagellum dull fer- ruginous beneath except basally; thorax robust; mesothorax and scutellum polished, distinctly but not very densely punctured; me- dian depressed line on mesothorax distinct, but none on scutellum; sides of thorax dull, except a shining area below the wings; area of metathorax large, with fine but distinct longitudinal plicae, not nearly reaching the apex; posterior truncation with the sides sharply margined only halfway up; tegulae bright ferruginous; wings dusky hyaline; nervures pale testaceous; stigma large, pale rufo-testaceous; basal nervure a considerable distance from nervulus; second cubital cell not very much narrower than third, receiving recurrent nervure at apex; legs black, with pale hair, small joints of tarsi rufescent, hind femora red at extreme apex; abdomen broad, shining, the broad hind margins of segments polished. Hind spur with at least six short teeth or spines. Kongaus, Siberia, August, 1 female (Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 27345, U.S.N.M. Related to H. intermedius Schenck. H. semilucens Alfken is readily separated by the dark-brown stigma. HALICTUS TUTIHENSIS, new species Female.—Length nearly 6 mm., anterior wing 5 mm.; black, with very scanty whitish pubescence; hind margins of abdominal seg- ments narrowly but distinctly rufescent; head broad; mandibles with apical half dark rufous; clypeus shining and strongly punc- tured; front slightly shining; flagellum with apical half obscurely reddened beneath; mesothorax and scutellum polished, finely punc- ART. 6 HALICTINE BEES FROM SIBERIA—-COCKERELL 9 tured; median depressed line of mesothorax distinct, a trace of one on scutellum; sides of thorax dull, except a shining area beneath wings; area of metathorax large, with fine longitudinal plicae; tegulae ferruginous; wings reddish hyaline, stigma clear amber, nervures dusky testaceous; basal nervure quite a distance from nervulus; second cubital cell much narrower than third; recurrent nervure meeting second intercubitus; legs black, with small joints of tarsi rufescent; abdomen shining. a little white hair at lateral bases of second and third segments. Hind spur with six short spines. Tutihe, Siberia, July 14, 2 females, type locality (W. P. Cockerell) ; Kudia River, July 2, female (Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 27346, U.S.N.M. This greatly resembles the European H. pauwillus Schenck, but that species has a hind spur with a stout basal tooth, followed by four successively smaller rounded laminae, an arrangement quite different from that of any of the Siberian forms. HALICTUS SUPRAFULGENS, new species Female.—Length nearly 7 mm., anterior wing 5.3 mm.; black, robust, hind margins of abdominal segments only very narrowly reddish; hair of head and thorax thin and dull whitish, but long and rather abundant on scutellum and pleura; head very broad; mandi- bles slightly reddish apically; clypeus shining, sparsely punctured ; front slightly shining; mesothorax and scutellum shining, distinctly punctured, scutellum broadly depressed in middle; sides of thorax dull and rough, no shining area below wings; area of metathorax sharply defined, polished and shining, with imperfect and irregular basal plicae; posterior truncation shining, the lateral edges complete; tegulae rufous; wings dusky hyaline, slightly reddish; stigma dull reddish, nervures pale but dusky; basal nervure close to nervulus; second cubital cell conspicuously contracted above, receiving recur- rent nervure before end; outer nervures weakened; abdomen highly polished, the punctures very small and weak; bases of segments 2 to 4 with broad conspicuous bands of white tomentum, narrowed or failing in middle. Okeanskaja, Siberia, August 5, 1 female (Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 27347, U.S.N.M. HALICTUS SULCATULUS, new species Female.—Length nearly 6 mm., anterior wing 5.2 mm.; black, robust, with scanty grayish-white hair; head rather broad oval; mandibles black, faintly reddish at tip; clypeus somewhat produced, shining, irregularly, and rather closely punctured; front somewhat shining, very densely punctured; antennae black, the flagellum ob- scurely reddish beneath apically ; mesothorax and scutellum shining, 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 63 closely and distinctly punctured, median depressed line of meso- thorax and scutellum distinct; entire mesopleura shining; tegulae black, reddish outwardly, but the whole effect extremely dark; wings strongly grayish, stigma dark brown, nervures lighter, outer nervures weakened; basal nervure near to nervulus; second cubital cell very broad below, narrowed above, receiving recurrent nervure near its end; third cubital not very greatly broader than second; legs black, including small joints of tarsi, hind basitarsi with pale red apical tuft; hind spur with at least six small spines; area of metathorax large, plicate basally, not polished; posterior truncation shining; abdomen very broad, hind margins of segments hardly per- ceptibly brownish; surface shining, no distinct hair-bands or spots, hind margins of segments 2 to 4 laterally with thin long pale hair. Okeanskaja, Siberia, type locality, August 18, 5 females (Cockerell). . Paratype.—Cat. No. 27348, U.S.N.M. The tegulae vary to rufous. One specimen was taken at the Kudia River, July (W. P. Cockerell). GrouPr B. HIND SPUR OF FEMALE HIND TIBIA WITH THRPN LARGR, STOUT, WIDELY SPACHD SPINES OR TENTH HALICTUS PERPLEXANS, new species Female.—Length about 5.5 mm., anterior wing about 4 mm.; black, with thin grayish-white hair, abundant at sides of prothorax; head approximately circular seen from in front; clypeus shining, with very distinct punctures; front extremely densely punctured, but somewhat glistening; flagellum dull ferruginous beneath except basally; mesothorax and scutellum dullish, very closely punctured, the scutellum without any impressed line; sides of thorax dull; area of metathorax shining, with fine plicae not reaching apex; posterior truncation shining, sharply bounded about halfway up at sides; tegulae dark rufous, piceous at base; legs black, with grayish-white hair, tarsi reddish at apex; wings dusky, distinctly brownish, stigma and nervures dusky reddish; basal nervure close to nervulus; second cubital cell rather narrow; first recurrent nervure meeting second in- tercubitus; abdomen broad, highly polished; apices of segments lat- erally with very conspicuous white hair, and end of abdomen con- spicuously hairy. Preobrageniya Bay, Siberia, type locality, July 12, 4 females (Cockerell) ; Low Lighthouse, July 13, 1 female (Cockerell). Paratype.—Cat. No. 27351, U.S.N.M. ART. 6 HALICTINE BEES FROM SIBERIA—-COCKERELL bl HALICTUS PERPLEXANS, variety SPECULINUS, new variety Female.—Differs by the polished and shining mesothorax and scu- tellum, the latter very brilliant, the punctures evidently separate; area of metathorax less strongly plicate; head distinctly narrower, longer than broad. Preobrageniya Bay, Siberia, type locality, July 12, 1 female (Cockerell) ; Kudia River, July 2, females (Cockerell). Paratype—Cat. No. 27349, U.S.N.M. Comparing the types of perplexans and speculinus, they certainly seem to be different species, although the rather striking abdomen is exactly the same in both. Some of the other specimens, however, are more or less intermediate, so I feel obliged to treat speculinus as a variety. The species is somewhat related to H. opacus Pérez, but quite distinct. It is still closer to H. interruptus Panzer, but readily separated by the area of metathorax. HALICTUS BRACHYCEPHALUS, new species Female—Length about 5 mm., anterior wing a little over 4 mm.; black, with scanty grayish-white hair; head about as broad as long; clypeus short and little produced, shining, with scattered punctures; supraclypeal area large, convex, shining; sides of face glistening; front dull, but region about ocelli shining; flagellum ferruginous beneath; mesothorax and scutellum moderately shining, very finely punctured; scutellum with no impressed line; mesopleura dull, a little shining above; area of metathorax granular, dull, feebly pli- cate at base; posterior truncation shining; tegulae ferruginous; wings hyaline, slightly reddish; basal nervure rather close to ner- vulus; stigma and nervures dusky testaceous; second cubital cell rather broad, third also unusually broad for this group; recurrent nervure meeting second intercubitus; legs black, with red knees and smal! joints of tarsi; hind tibiae robust; abdomen broad, polished, hind margins of segments very narrowly rufous; narrow white hair bands on lateral apices of segments 3 and 4; apex of abdomen ferruginous. Kongaus, Siberia, August, 3 females (Cockerell). This may be compared with H. gracilis Morawitz, but is very distinct. HALICTUS TRICHORHINUS, new species Female—Length about 6 mm., anterior wing 5.8 mm.; black, very robust, with rather copious pale hair, which is very faintly yellowish dorsally; face very broad, densely covered with grayish hair; clypeus shining; front very densely punctured but distinctly shining; antennae black, at most very obscurely reddish beneath 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68: subapically; mesothorax and scutellum moderately shining (not polished), closely and distinctly punctured, the median line of mesothorax not evidently impressed, and no line on scutellum; upper part of mesopleura shining; area of metathorax with strong plicae, not reaching apex, the latter not sharply defined; posterior trunca- tion with median sulcus very strong; tegulae rufous, dark at base; wings strongly dusky (dilute fuliginous), stigma and nervures dusky testaceous; basal nervure rather near to nervulus; second cubital cell conspicuously narrowed above, receiving recurrent ner- vure near its end; legs black, with white hair; abdomen very broad, shining (dull at base of second segment), hind margins of segments not reddened; very narrow white hair bands on lateral hind margins of segments 2 and 3; much pale hair at apex. Low Lighthouse, Siberia, July 3, 3 females (Cockerell). Type.—Cat. No. 27350, U.S.N.M. The following notes will assist in the separation of the above species : H. transpositus has the punctures of mesothorax much larger than in H. tutihensis. H. suprafulgens is easily separated from H. trichorhinus by the shining meso- thorax and lines between punctures on front. H. brachycephalus is easily known from H. perplexans, variety speculinus, by the sides of mesothorax rough and sculptured between punctures. H. perplerans is readily known from H. sulcatulus by the hind margins of seg- ments 1 to 4 with dense fringe of white plumose hairs laterally. H. sulca- tulus has the punctures of mesothorax weaker than in perplexans. The impressed lines on scutellum readily separate H. sulcatulus from H. per- plerans, H. trichorhinus, and H. brachycephalus. H, transpositus and H. tutihensis are noteworthy for the remoteness of the basal nervure from the neryulus. H. suprafulgens differs from all the others by the broad white bands at bases of segments 2 to 4. O BUPRESTID BEETLES FROM THE MARITIME PROVINCE OF SIBERIA By W.S. FisHEer Of the Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture The present paper is the result of a study of the Buprestid bectles received from Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell, and which were collected on his journey through the eastern part of Siberia during July and August, 1923. The material of this family collected by Professor Cockerell and his associates consists of 11 species, 2 of which are described as new. All of the species collected belong to the typical Palaearctic fauna; some of them are distributed eastward over the greater part of Sibe- ria and Europe, and in one case the species is circumpolar in its distribution extending over the northern parts of both the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. LAMPRA VIRGATA (Motschulsky) Paecilonota virgata MotscHutsky, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, vol. 32, ' pt. 2, 1859, p. 490. This species was originally described from the Amur River region in Siberia. Motschulsky’s description is very short, but Solsky in his Coleoptera of eastern Siberia! gives a long description of this species and records it as having been collected during June in the vicinity of Lake Khanka, which is situated near Vladivostok, Siberia. This beautiful species is represented by three examples, two col- lected at Vladivostok by V. Prinada, and the third example taken during July 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell along the Kudia River, in the Province of Amagu. The specimens examined vary consider- ably in the number and arrangement of the violaceous spots on the upper surface, and the color is more cupreous or aureous on some of the specimens. The species resembles Lampra festiva Linnaeus from Europe very closely, and is probably only a variety of that species. 1 Horae Soc. Entomol]. Rossicae, vol. 7, 1871, pp. 353-356 No. 2608.—PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. 68, ART. 7. 53654—25t 9 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM " YOL. 68 BUPRESTIS STRIGOSA Gebler Buprestis strigosa GrBLER, Ledebours Reise, vol. 2, pt. 2, 1830, pp. 78-79. This species was described by Gebler from Siberia, and was reported by him as having been collected frequently in the Alta Mountains and Davuria, and rarely at Barnaul. Motschulsky’ reports it as common with Buprestis haemorrhoidalis Herbst (B. punctata Fabricius) in the forests of fir near the northern part of the Amur River, and gives it the varietal name flavosparsa without giving a description of it. It seems to bea common species and widely distributed through- out Siberia and Mongolia. Nine specimens, five males and four females, were examined, of which seven were collected by A. I. Lavrushin along the Amagu River during July, 1923, and the other two by T. D. A. Cockerell along the Kudia River, in the Province of Amagu, during July, 1923. The color markings are quite variable in this species; some have the elytra immaculate, while in others the yellow markings are quite distinct. The yellow spot at apical angle of pronotum is also variable in size, and is entirely absent in one specimen. The males have a large broad hook at the tip of the anterior tibiae, and the last abdominal segment is feebly arcuately emargmate at the apex, and usually only the last segment ornated with yellow spots at the sides, but in one specimen these spots are entirely absent. In the females the anterior tibiae are not armed with a hook, and usually all of the abdominal segments are marked with yellow spots at the sides, and the last segment is broadly truncate at apex. BUPRESTIS HAEMORRHOIDALIS Herbst Buprestis haemorrhoidalis Hersst, Schriften Berl. Gesellsch. Nat. Freunde, vol. 1, 1°79) “ao, O71 Herbst described this species under the above name from Europe, and later it was described by a number of other writers under various names, all of which have been placed as synonyms of haemorrhoidalis by Kerremans.* Motschulsky,‘ under the name of Buprestis punctata Fabricius (placed as a synonym of haemorrhoidalis by Kerremans), records it as being very common in the forests of fir near the northern part of the Amur River in eastern Siberia. The color markings on this species are also variable, and if the synonym given by Kerremans is correct, the species has a wide distribution, living in the conifers throughout Europe and Siberia. 2Schrenk’s Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande, vol. 2, 1860, p. 108. 3’ Wvtsman Genera Insectorum, fasc. 12, pt. 3, 1903, p. 141. 4Schrenk’s Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande, vol. 2, 1860, p. 107. ART. 7 BUPRESTID BEETLES FROM SIBERIA—-FISHER 3 A single female of this species was collected by T. D. A. Cockerell at Okeanskaja, during August, 1923. This specimen is of a uniform dark brown color above, with a distinct cupreous, greenish, or purplish reflection when viewed in different lights, and the upper surface is immaculate, except for a very small yellow spot at the apical angles of the pronotum; beneath the color is more purplish, the last- abdominal segment is broadly truncate and feebly sinuate at apex, and on each side ornated with a large yellow spot. This species is larger and more elongate than Buprestis strigosa Gebler, more convex above, sides of pronotum more regularly obliquely expanded from the apical angles to the base, and the elytra not as strongly longitudinally costate. DICERCA ACUMINATA (Pallas) Buprestis acuminata Pauuas, Icones Insectorum, 1871, p. 69, no. 10, pl. D, fig. 10. This is another Palaearctic species which is distributed through- out Europe and Siberia. Motschulsky® records it from along the banks of the Amur River as far as Kidsi. Two examples of this species were collected by T. D. A. Cockerell at Okeanskaja during August, 1923. MELANOPHILA ACUMINATA (De Geer) Buprestis acuminata Dr GER, Mém. Ins., vol. 4, 1774, p. 133. This circumpolar species is distributed over the greater part of Europe, Siberia, and North America and on account of its wide dis- tribution has been described under a great many different names by various writers. This species is represented in the material examined by four exam- ples, three collected by T. D. A. Cockerell along the Kudia River, in the Province of Amagu, during July, 1923, and one taken along the Amagu River by A. I. Lavrushin during July of the same year. ANTHAXIA PSITTACINA Heyden Anthaxia psitiacina Hpypnn, Deutsche Entomol. Zeitschr., vol. 31, 1887, p. 303. This species was described from two examples collected at Suyfun, near the mouth of the Amur River in Siberia. It is represented among the material collected by T. D. A. Cockerell in Siberia during August, 1923, by five specimens, two of which were taken at Okeans- kaja and the other three at Kongaus. *Schrenk’s Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande, vol. 2, 1850, p. 107. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 AGRILUS IMPRESSIFRONS Kiesenwetter Agrilus impressifrons KizsENWETTER, Deutsche Entomol. Zeitschr., vol. 23, 1879, pp. 254-255. This species was described from the Amur River region of Siberia, and among the material received from T. D. A. Cockerell is one spec- imen collected by V. Prinada at Vladivostok during 1923. AGRILUS SMARAGDINUS Solsky Agrilus smaragdinus Sotsky, Horae Soc. Entomol. Rossicae, vol. 11, 1876, pp. 279-280. This beautiful green species was described from a single example collected by Mr. Pouzilo along the banks of the Souyfoun River near Vladivostok. Among the material submitted by T. D. A. Cockerell was a single example of this species collected at Vladivostok, during 1923, by V. Prinada. AGRILUS COCKERELLI, new species Female.—Form rather large, robust, and moderately shining; above glabrous, uniformly dark blue with a slight greenish tinge; beneath blackish-blue, slightly more shinmg than above, and with the tarsi feebly aeneous. Head with the front rather wide, feebly convex, and the sides obliquely expanding toward the top, broadly but obsoletely concave on the front, with a rather broad, distinct longitudinal groove on the vertex and occiput; surface coarsely, irregularly, and rather densely punctate, and with moderately fine irregularly placed rugae, which are transverse on the front, and more or less concentrical on the occiput; epistoma slightly wider between the antennae than the diam- eter of the antennal cavities, transverse in front, with a small angu- lar emargination at the middle; antennae moderately long, and serrate from the fourth joint. Pronottim nearly one and one-third times as wide as long, slightly narrower at base than apex, and widest at apical fourth; sides feebly expanded from apical angles to apical fourth, then obliquely narrowed to the posterior angles, which are nearly rectangular; when viewed from the side the upper margin is sharply defined and feebly sinuate, and the lower margin distinct, widely separated anteriorly, and con- nected to the upper margin behind the middle; anterior margin obso- letely arcuately rounded; base rather strongly angularly emarginate at elytral lobes, and feebly arcuately emarginate in front of scutellum; surface moderately convex, with two shallow depressions on disk at apical third, a similar depression on each side along base near poste- ART. 7 BUPRESTID BEETLES FROM SIBERIA—-FISHER 5 rior angle, and a broader and much deeper depression along the lat- eral margins near middle, the lateral carina not distinct, and repre- sented by an obsolete arcuate elevation, coarsely, densely, and irreg- ularly rugose, and finely and rather densely punctate between the rugae. Scutellum transversely carinate, the carina broadly rounded on top: sides parallel anteriorly, and strongly arcuately attenuate posteriorly to the apex, which is acute; surface finely and densely granulose. Elytra slightly wider than pronotum at base, and four times as long as it; sides parallel for a short distance behind the base, broadly arcuately constricted in front of middle, broadly arcuately rounded behind the middle, then arcuately attenuate to the tips, which are separately narrowly rounded and obsoletely dentate; disk moderately convex, and each elytron with a broad basal depression, which is deep at the basal margin, but becoming more shallow posteriorly and extending behind the tip of the scutellum, and with a broad obsolete longitudinal depression behind the middle along the suture, which is rather strongly elevated posteriorly; surface coarsely and densely imbricate-punctate. Abdomen with the sides broadly exposed above, and beneath sparsely but not deeply punctate, the punctures very coarse and more or less confluent at base of first segment, but becoming finer and more widely separated toward apex, sparsely clothed with short inconspic- uous hairs, and the intervals finely, densely granulose; first seement convex at middle, and without any median depression; last segment nairowly rounded at apex, with a small angular emargination at the middle; pygidium with a distinct median carina, which does not extend to apex. Prosternum coarsely scabrous, with the intervals finely granulose and glabrous; prosternal lobe large, broadly rounded in front, deeply and broadly arcuately emarginate at the middle, and strongly declivous; prosternal process longitudinally concave, the sides parallel to behind the coxal cavities, then strongly attenuate to the tip, which is rather acute. Femora flattened and not armed with teeth on the inner margin. Tibiae slender, straight and not mucronate at apex. Posterior tarsi much shorter than the tibiae, and the first joint about as long as the following two joints united. Tarsal claws cleft at middle, the inner tooth about one-half as long as the outer tooth, and not turned inward (claws on middle tarsi missing). Length, 7 mm.; width, 2.5 mm. Type locality.—Vladivosiok, Siberia. Type.—Cat. No. 27562, U.S.N.M. Described from a single female collected at the type locality dur- ing 1923 by V. Prinada. 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 This species is closely allied to elongatus Herbst, but that species is more elongate and slender, the head is narrower in front, with the sides arcuately expanded at vertex, and not depresssed on the front, prothorax with the sides more strongly narrowed, and the disk more deeply depressed, pygidium not longitudinally carmate, prosternal lobe not as deeply emarginate in front, and not as strongly declivous, and the posterior tarsi nearly as long as the tibiae. AGRILUS PRINADAI, new species Female.—Form moderately large, more slender than cockerella Fisher, and subopaque; above dark aeneous, with a more or less brownish and bluish tinge, the head slightly more aureous in front, and the pronotum obsoletely cupreous on disk; beneath aeneous, with a distinct bluish and blackish-brown reflection, and more shining than above. . Head rather narrow and nearly flat in front, with the sides nearly parallel (only feebly arcuately expanded at vertex), feebly longi- tudinally grooved from vertex to near the epistoma, the groove more deeply impressed on the vertex, and terminating in a broad shallow depression on the front; surface coarsely, irregularly punc- tate, and coarsely rugose, the rugae irregular, and more or less trans- verse on the front, but becoming longitudinal on the occiput, and sparsely clothed with short semierect whitish hairs; epistoma about as wide between the antennae as the diameter of the antennal cavi- ties, and broadly, but not deeply, arcuately emarginate in front; antennae extending to about middle of pronotum, and serrate from the fourth joint. Pronotum about one and three-fourths times as wide as long, slightly narrower at base than apex, and widest near apical angles; sides feebly obliquely narrowed from anterior margin to posterior angles, which are rectangular; when viewed from the side the upper margin is sharply defined and strongly sinuate, and the lower mar- gin distinct, arcuately expanded from the apical angles to the basal third where it is connected to the upper margin; anterior margin arcuately emarginate, and with a broadly rounded medina lobe; base deeply angularly emarginate at the elytral lobes, and nearly transversely truncate in front of scutellum; surface moderately con- vex, with a broad obsolete longitudinal depression on middle of disk, and with a broad, deep depression on each side along lateral mar- gins, the lateral carina distinct, strongly elevated, straight, and ex- tending from base near posterior angles to basal third, and widely separated from lateral margin, coarsely and densely rugose, the rugae more or less transverse on the disk, coarsely, densely punctate between the rugae, and sparsely clothed with short mconspicuous ART. 7 BUPRESTID BEETLES FROM SIBERIA—-FISHER 7 pubescence toward the sides. Scutellum strongly transversely cari- nate, the carina acute on the top; sides parallel anteriorly, and strongly arcuately attenuate posteriorly to the apex, which is acute; surface finely, densely granulose. Elytra about as wide as anterior part of pronotum at base, and five times as long as it; sides parallel for a short distance behind base, broadly arcuately constricted in front of middle, broadly arcu- ately rounded behind middle, then obliquely attenuate to the tips, which are separately feebly broadly rounded or subtruncate, and finely, irregularly dentate; disk shghtly flattened, and each elytron with a broad, deep basal depression, and with a broad, obsolete longi- tudinal depression along the suture, which is scarcely elevated pos- teriorly; surface coarsely and densely imbricate punctate. Abdomen with the sides broadly exposed above, and beneath finely, sparsely punctate, and more or less transversely striolate, sparsely clothed with short recumbent cinereous hairs, and with the intervals smooth; first segment convex at middle, and with a broad shallow depression on each side; last segment rather narrowly rounded at apex, with a shallow arcuate emargination at the middle; pygidium not longitudinally carmate. Prosternum coarsely, densely scabrous, sparsely clothed with short semierect cinereous pubescence, and the intervals obsoletely granulose; prosternal lobe large, broadly rounded in front, broadly arcuately emarginate at middle, and strongly de- clivous; prosternal process flat, the sides parallel to behind the coxal cavities, then strongly attenuate to the tip, which is rather acute. Femora slightly flattened and not armed with teeth on the inner margin. ‘Tibiae slender, straight, and not mucronate at apex. Pos- terior tarsi much shorter than the tibiae, and the first joint about as long as the following three joints united. Tarsal claws cleft at middle, the inner tooth broad, about one-half as long as the outer tooth, and not turned inward (claws on middle and posterior tarsi missing). Male.—Differs from the female in being smaller, more slender, head without a depression on the front, and the epistoma not as distinctly and broadly emarginate in front, elytra more convex and scarcely depressed along the suture, and the last abdominal segment more deeply emarginate at apex. Length, 4.75-6 mm.; width, 1.5-2 mm. Type locality.—Vladivostok, Siberia. Type and allotype.—Cat. No. 27563, U.S.N.M. Described from two specimens, male and female, both collected at the type locality during 1923 by V. Prinada. 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68: TRACHYS MINUTA (Linnaeus) Buprestis minuta LinNaEvs, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, vol. 1, 1758, p. 410. This species is also widely distributed throughout Europe and Siberia, but is rather rare in some sections. Solsky® has recorded it as having been collected by Mr. Pouzilo in the vicinity of Vladi- vostok, Siberia. One example, which is identical with specimens of this species from Europe, was collected by T. D. A. Cockerell at Olga, during July, 1923. ©“ Horae Soc. Entomol. Rossicae, vol. 11, 1876, p. 281. O SAWFLIES FROM THE MARITIME PROVINCE OF SIBERIA By 8. A. Rouwer Of the Bureau of Entomology, Uniied States Department of Agriculture The following paper is a report on the sawflies collected in the Maritime Province of Siberia by Prof. T. D. A. Cockereil and his associates in the summer of 1923. The collection contained 31 species, 28 of which are named specifically. Eleven species and one variety are described as new. Most of the new species show a very close affinity to European forms, and of the previously described species nine were originally described from Europe. Three of the European species are here recorded from Siberia for the first time. One of the species had previously been known only from Japan; three of them were known only from China, and one was known only from Formosa. Judging from the sawflies alone we may say that the fauna of this maritime province is essentially Palaearctic but with a slight southern infusion. MEGALODONTES (RHIPIDIOCEROS) SIBERIENSIS, new species This species seems to be most closely related to flabellicornis where it runs in Konow’s key, but the head and thorax have fewer pale marks, the femora are dark, ete. Female.—Length, 10 mm. First joint of the flagellum subequal with the three following and nearly as long as the two apical joints; the flabellation of the third joint as long as the three following joints; the flabellations of joints 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are subequal; pedicellum about half the length of the third joint; clypeus convex medianly, the anterior margin truncate; antennal foveae sharply defined, large, pointed above; postocellar area completely defined, broader posteriorly, its length subequal with its greatest width; postocellar line less than half as long as the ocellocular line; head coarsely, closely punctuate except on the posterior orbits, where the punctures are distinct and separated by a distance fully twice their diameter; prescutum with large, close punctures posteriorly, ante- riorly the punctures well separated ; scutum and scutellum irregularly punctuate, the punctures sometimes confluent; nervulus slightly post- No. 2609.—PROCEEDINGS U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. 68, ART. 8. 538655—25—_—__ 1 1 9 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM yoL, 68 furcal; first abscissa of radius slightly shorter than second. Black; an indistinct spot on the clypeus medianly, the supraclypeal area, a narrow line along the posterior orbits extending obliquely across the vertex to the occiput, the narrow, posterior margin of the pronotum, the apical margins of tergites 4 to 9, inclusive (slightly interrupted medianly on sixth), and two obscure spots on the sides of the third tergite, bright-yellow; tibiae and tarsi rufo-ferrugineous; wings brownish hyaline, the anterior portion of the front wings darker; venation dark-brown; costa and stigma pale-brown; head and thorax clothed with long, black hair. The paratype females have an oblique spot on the posterior dorsal part of the scutum and in one of them the lateral spot on the third tergite is wanting. Male.—Length, 10 mm. The male differs from the above descrip- tion of the female in color as follows: Mandibles, except apices, the entire clypeus, scape beneath, a large spot on the side of the pro- notum, proepisternum, anterior margin of mesepisternum, tegulae, all of the sternites and an obscure spot on the side of the second tergite, yellow. The apices of the four anterior femora and most of the posterior femora are testaceous. Ty pe-locality —Okeanskaja, Siberia. Paraty pe-locality—Kongaus, Siberia. Described from one female from the type locality collected August 15, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell, from two females and one male (allotype) from the paratype locality collected August, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. Type, allotype, and paratypes.—Cat. No. 27613, U.S.N.M. The two paratype females and the allotype male lack the antennae beyond the scape. TRICHIOSOMA SERICEA Konow One female from Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, collected July, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. ARGE, species A single male from Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, collected in July, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell does not seem to be described. It is related to cyaneocrocera and may be the male of kongauensis but at present can not be definitely associated. ARGE CINGULATA Jakowlew One female, which lacks the flagellum, from Kongaus, Siberia, collected August, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. This specimen agrees well with both Jakowlew’s and Konow’s descriptions of this species. ART. 8 SAWFLIES FROM SIBERIA—ROHWER a ARGE METALLICA (Klug) Two females from Kongaus, Siberia, collected August, 1923. One collected by T. D. A. Cockerell, the other by A. I. Lavrushin. These agree very well with Konow’s redescription of the species. The specimen collected by Cockerell has the flagellum ferrugineous while the specimen collected by Lavrushin has the flagellum black. ARGE KONGAUENSIS, new specics Related to melanochroa (Gemlin) and cyaneocrocera (Forster) but is more robust and the head is distinctly expanded behind the eyes. Female——tLength, 8.5 mm. Anterior margin of the clypeus with a broad, quadrate emargination, the lobes narrowed and broadly rounded; supraclypeal area carinated; antennal foveae very deep and continuous with the supraclypeal foveae; frontal fovea very sharply defined, acutely angled ventrally with a well-defined pit opposite the level of the antennae and with an indistinct transverse ridge ventrad of the pit, the fovea not extending dorsally to the level of the anterior ocellus; postocellar furrow obsolete; basal vein and cubitus interstitial on the subcosta; stigma angulate basally. tapering to an acute apex; third intercubitus gently curved so the third cubital cell is slightly longer on radius; the nervulus in the middle of the cell. Metallic green; palpi ferrugineous; tergites 2 to 4 and most of the sternites obscurely ferrugineous; lees black; anterior femur beneath and all of the tibiae and tarsi luteous; wings yellowish, hyaline, with a distinct infuscate cloud below the stigma; venation dark brown; costa and anterior half of subcosta yellow; head and thorax clothed with sparse gray hair. T'ype-locality.—Kongaus, Siberia. Described from a single female collected August, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. Type.—Cat. No. 27614, U.S.N.M. ARGE NYEMITAWA, new species This species runs to berberidis (Klug) in Konow’s key but the fiagellum is more robust and the head is expanded behind the eyes. Besides the noncompressed flagellum this new species may be sep- arated from certain species from eastern Asia as follows: From verticosa Konow by the position of the nervulus; from accliviceps Konow by head characters; from carinicornis Konow, similis Vollen- hoven and compar Konow, by the short flagellum. Female—Length, 10 mm. The anterior margin of the clypeus very sligthly arcuately emarginate; supraclypeal area broadly con- vexed without a median carina; antennal and supraclypeal foveae 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 separated; frontal fovea broad, shallow, poorly defined ventrally well defined dorsally and extending above the anterior ocellus; immediately below the anterior ocellus is a broad, shallow, depressed area; postocellar furrow present; postocellar area fully twice as broad as long; head distinctly expanded behind the eyes; flagellum not compressed, shorter than the thorax and distinctly thickening apically; basal vein and cubitus joining the subcosta at the same place; third intercubitus strongly curved so the third cubital cell is one-fifth shorter on the cubitus; nervulus distinctly beyond the middle. Bright, metallic blue; tarsi and flagellum black; wings dark brown with a strong violaceous reflection posteriorly, becoming paler apically; venation, including costa and stigma, black; head and thorax clothed with short, black hair. Type-locality —Okeanskaja, Siberia. Described from a single female collected by T. D. A. Cockerell in August, 1923. T'ype.—Cat. No. 27615, U.S.N.M. ARGE PAGANIFORMIS, new species Closely allied to pagana (Panzer) and geet Rohwer. Can readily be distinguished from both of these species by the truncate, anterior margin of the clypeus. Female.—Length, 6.5 mm. Anterior margin of the clypeus trun- cate, supraclypeal area strongly convex but not carinate; frontal fovea broader and deeper between the bases of the antennae, very slightly expanded just below the anterior ocellus; postocellar area very indistinctly defined; head distinctly expanded behind the eyes; flagellum cylindrical, subequal in length with the thorax; basal vein joining the subcosta slightly before the origin of the cubitus; third intercubitus strongly curved; third abscissa of radius one-fifth longer than the posterior margin of the third cubital cell; nervulus received at the middle of cell. Metallic blue; abdomen beyond the first seg- ment ferrugineous; legs metallic except the black tibiae and tarsi; wings dark brown with a slight violaceous reflection; venation, in- cluding costa and stigma, black. L'ype-locality —Okeanskaja, Siberia. Described from a single female collected August 5, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. Type—Cat. No. 27616, U.S.N.M. ALLANTUS (EMPHYTUS) BASALIS (Klug) Tenthredo (Hmphytus) basalis Kuiuc, Magaz. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berlin, vol. 8, 1814, p. 282. Allantus cinctus nigritibialis Rowwer, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 41, no. 1866, 1911, p. 407. ART. 8 SAWFLIES FROM SIBERIA—ROH WER 5 A single female from Kongaus, Siberia, collected in August, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. This agrees well with Enslin’s redescription and there seems to be no reason to doubt the above synonymy. AMETASTEGIA GLABRATA (Fallén) Two females from Vladivostok collected July 31, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell; and one female from Okeanskaja, Siberia, collected Au- gust, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. DOLERUS OKEANSKAJENSIS, new species In general appearance and color very closely resembles the Nearc- tic species stmzlis Norton and allies but differs from all of these in details of the sculpture of the head and thorax and in the shape of the sheath. From variegatusJakowlew it may be separated by the pale lobes of the scutum, from arméllatus Konow the pale tegulae and broader rufous band on the abdomen will distinguish it. Female.—Length, 9 mm. Clypeus with a rather narrow, deep, sub- arcuate emargination, the lobes broad, truncate, the surface covered with coarse, contiguous punctures; frons coarsely punctured; an- tennal furrows shallow; posterior orbits and sides of vertex shining but with separate distinct punctures; postocellar furrow faintly indi- cated; postocellar area with elongate, contiguous punctures; prescu- tum with well-defined, rather large, close punctures (punctures rather closer medianly) ; scutum laterally punctured like the prescutum but medianly with the punctures closer and smaller; scutellum with close, large, uniform punctures; postnotum (scutellar appendage) longi- tudinally aciculate on an opaque surface, without a distinct median ridge; mesepisternum punctato-reticulate, mesosternum shining with scattered, rather small, but well-defined punctures; sheath broad, acute apically, tapering below; antenna shorter than the head and thorax; the median joints of the flagellum compressed, the first joint distinctly longer than the second which is subequal with the third; tergites polished. Black; pronotum, prescutum, scutum (except im- mediately in front of the scutellum), tegulae, abdominal segments two to five, inclusive, rufous; legs, black; the under side of the an- terior femora, the anterior tibiae, the intermediate tibiae obscurely beneath, rufous. Body, densely clothed with long gray hair. Wings hyaline; venation black. Male.—Length 9mm. Head sculptured like the female except the vertex is more closely punctured posteriorly the sides of the prescu- tum have the punctures more widely separated. Black; anterior femora beneath at the apex, the entire anterior tibiae, rufous. More densely clothed with white hair than the female. The paratype male has the base of the intermediate tibiae obscurely rufous, and the posterior tarsi are brownish. §3655—25——2 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 Type-locality —Okeanskaja, Siberia. Described from one female (type) and two males (one allotype), collected August, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. The type and allotype were collected August 5th. Type, allotype, and paratype.—Cat. No. 27617, U.S.N.M. RHOGOGASTER KUDIANUS, new species This species seems to be intermediate between F. viridis (Lin- naeus) and &. dissimulans (Kincaid). In general color it is much like Kincaid’s species, but it differs from it in the more deeply emarginate clypeus and the dark markings at the apices of the tarsi. It may readily be separated from viridis by the complete absence of black on the abdomen, a slight difference in the shape of the sheath and shorter antennae. ! . Female.—Length, 9.5 mm. lLabrum broad, the apical margin almost truncate, anterior margin of the clypeus with a deep, sub- quadrate emargination, the lobes broad and truncate; head without punctures; postocellar furrow straight; postocellar area more than two times as broad as long; occipital carina sharply defined; antenna slender, a little longer than the head and thorax, the third joint subequal with the fourth and fifth; thorax smooth; second inter- cubitus sinuate; fourth abscissa of cubitus one-third as long as the third; sheath stout, strongly convex below, the apex narrowly rounded. Uniformly pale-yellow (green in life); flagellum, except the two basal joints beneath, scape and pedicellum above, a U-shaped mark on the frons, the small spot inclosing the anterior ocellus, suture of prescutum, sides and depressed area of scutum, black; legs color of the body; apices of the four anterior femora above, the posterior femora with a complete narrow line above, narrow lines on all tibiae above, apices of all tarsi, black; wings clear hyaline, strongly iridescent; venation yellow; costa, basal, median, discoidal and anal veins, black. 1'y pe-locality—_Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia. Described from a single female collected July, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. Type.—Cat. No. 27618, U.S.N.M. SIOBLA RUFICORNIS (Cameron) One female from Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, collected July, 19238, by T. D. A. Cockerell. This specimen agrees with Cameron’s and Kirby’s descriptions, except the hind femora are entirely black. ART. 8 SAWFLIES FROM SIBERIA—-ROHWER 7 PACHYPROTASIS ANTENNATA (Klug) A single female from Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, collected July, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. In this specimen the upper part of the mesepisternum is narrowly black; the prescutum is margined with yellow only posteriorly; the hind tibiae are black except for a small spot exteriorly. MACROPHYA APICALIS, variety INFUMATA, new variety Female—tLength, 9 mm. Differs from the typical form which occurs in Japan by having the hind trochanters black and in having the wings distinctly infumated. Apex of stigma and the costa piceous. Paratype females are 11 and 12 mm. in length. Male—Length, 9 mm. Differs from the female in having the scutellum and hind coxae all black (without white markings). Type-locality—Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, Paratype-locality —Kongaus, Siberia. Described from one female (type) and one male (allotype) from the type-locality collected by T. D. A. Cockerell July, 1923; and from two females from the paratype-locality collected by T. D. A. Cockerell August, 1923. Type, allotype, and paratypes.—Cat. No. 28478, U.S.N.M. TENTHREDO FUSCOCOSTALIS, new species This species is closely allied to Zenthredo vespa (Retzius) but may be separated from it by the much blacker legs, the presence of small yellow spots on the scutellum, and the greatly reduced yellow markings on the abdomen. The tegulae in the new species are almost entirely black. Female.—Length, 11 mm. lLabrum smooth, broadly rounded apically; clypeus smooth with a deep, broad, arcuate emargination, the lobes narrowly rounded apically; frons with distinct, coarse punctures which medianly tend to become confluent so as to give a slightly wrinkled appearance; posterior orbits with very small punctures; head not narrowing behind the eyes; postocellar area sharply defined laterally, feebly defined anteriorly, about twice as broad as long; occiput distinctly margined; antenna distinctly thickened apically, the seventh and eighth joints one-fourth broader than long; mesonotum with coarse, distinct punctures which are somewhat closer medianly; scutellum transversely convex, not as coarsely punctured as the scutum; mesepisternum coarsely punctato- reticulate; first tergite smooth, the following tergites with small, distinct punctures on a granular surface, the punctures larger on the anterior tergites; stigma truncate apically; fifth abscissa of the 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM YOL. 68 cubitus one-third shorter than the fourth abscissa; sheath straight above, rounded apically, convex below. Black; clypeus (except margin), scape, metaepisternum, narrow margin of the first, fourth, and fifth tergites, a median spot on the seventh, eighth, and ninth tergites, two spots on scutellum, small anterior spot on tegulae, yel- low; legs black, apices of the anterior femora beneath, the four anterior tibiae beneath, and posterior tibiae (except apices), yel- low; wings subhyaline, radial, anterior margin of cubital and apical part of first discoidal cells, brownish; venation black, costa and stigma, reddish yellow; thorax with short, gray hair. Ty pe-locality.—Kongaus, Siberia. Described from a single female collected August, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. Type.—Cat. No. 27619, U.S.N.M. TENTHREDO KONGAUANA, new species This species seems to be allied to Tenthredo ornatus (EK. André) but differs from the description of that species in the absence of many black markings. From Enslin’s redescription of Tenthredella microps (Konow) it differs in the absence of black spots from the clypeus, the absence of a black line on the anterior legs, and the more strongly convex scutellum. Female.—Length, 11mm. Anterior margin of the labrum broadly rounded anteriorly; the clypeus with a broad, deep, arcuate emargi- nation and narrow, obtuse lobes; head shining, practically without sculpture; antennal furrows complete; no flange above the bases of the antennae; postocellar furrow straight, well defined; postocellar area narrowing anteriorly; third antennal joint nearly as long as the two following; the flagellum short, of uniform width; oc- cipital carina feeble; mesoscutum and prescutum with small, well- separated punctures; scutellum smooth, strongly convex but hardly pyramidal; mesepisternum very finely tessellated, the median tubercle prominent; fourth abscissa of cubitus subequal with the second intercubitus; interradius strongly curved apically; third intercubitus about five times as long as the second; sheath broadly rounded apically, convex above and below. Pale-yellow (perhaps green in life); pedicle, flagellum, a large spot on frons including the ocelli and W-shaped dorsally, spots on lateral lobes, a large spot on the prescutum, black; the second, third, and fourth tergites brownish medianly; legs the color of the body; the apices of the hind femora dorsally, the dorsal part of the posterior tibiae and all of the posterior tarsi, black; wings hyaline; venation dark brown; costa and stigma pale yellow. Body without long hair. Type-locality.—Kongaus, Siberia. Ane. 8 SAWFLIES FROM SIBERIA—-ROH WER 9 Described from two females (one type) collected in August, 1923. ' The type collected by T. D. A. Cockerell, the paratype by A. I. Lavrushin. Type and paratype.—Cat. No. 27620, U.S.N.M. TENTHREDO KUDIANA, new species This species differs from Z’enthredo andreas (Jakowlew) by the yellow margins of the pronotum and tegulae, from 7’. sublimus (Konow) by the dark stigma, from 7’. kohli (Konow) by the differ- ent markings of the head and black prescutum. Superficially, the species seems to be allied to 7’. bernardi (Konow), but it differs from Konow’s description in having the face and frons black. Female——Length, 9 mm. Anterior margin of the clypeus broadly, subquadrately emarginate; head with distinct, although fine, irregu- lar, striato-punctations; the orbits not receding, shining; occiput feebly margined, third antennal joint nearly one-half longer than the fourth; scutum and prescutum opaque with close, well-defined punctures, scutellum gently convex not pyramidal, interradius strongly curved, received a little before the apical third; fourth abscissa of cubitus a little less than one-half shorter than the third; tergites finely, transversely aciculate; sheath straight above, rounded apically and gently convex below. Black; base of mandibles, labrum, clypeus, obscure spot on supraclypeal area, malar space, lower half of posterior orbits, most of the pronotum, tegulae, oblique spots on scutum posteriorly, most of the scutellum, scutellar append- age, sides and venter of thorax (except an oblique line on mese- pisternum), sternites, tergites laterally, narrow apical margin of first and fourth tergites, tenth tergite and most of the sheath, pale yellow (perhaps with a greenish tinge in life); legs pale yellow, anterior legs, intermediate femora and tibiae, posterior femora above, intermediate tarsi and posterior tibia and tarsi, black; head and thorax with short white hair; wings hyaline, venation (including costa and stigma) black. Type-locality—Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia. Described from one female collected by T. D. A. Cockerell, July, 1923. Type.—Cat. No. 27621, U.S.N.M. TENTHREDELLA, species A single female from Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, collected July, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell lacks antennae. This species looks much like some of the Nearctic species but differs in details of color. It does not seem to be any of the species listed in Enslin’s revision of the Palaearctic forms. 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 TENTHREDELLA FAGI (Panzer) A female from Kudia River, Siberia, collected July, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell, runs to this species in Enslin’s key and agrees with specimens determined by Enslin. TENTHREDELLA FULVA (Klug) One female from Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, collected August, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell, agrees well with Enslin’s redescription of this species. TENTHREDELLA FUSCOTERMINATA (Marlatt) Two females from Kongaus, Siberia, collected August, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell, agree with the types. | Enslin considers this to be a synonym of wanthotarsts (Cameron), but judging from the original description by Cameron and the redescription by Kirby the two forms may be separated by the following characters: Head below the antennae punciured; pectus with a black spot; hind femora With-a DlaG@k dine. 222 2 toe ere near eer xanthotarsis (Cameron). Head below the antennae not punctured; pectus and hind femora without DIAG cet re a a heer ied ot a ret ew is fuscoterminata (Marlatt). TENTHREDELLA LIVIDA, variety DUBIA (Strém) A female from Olga, Siberia, collected July 18, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell agrees with European specimens determined by Enslin. TENTHREDELLA MESCMELAS (Linnaeus) ‘A single female from Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, collected July, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell agrees with a European specimen deter- mined by R. Meyer, but the venter is darker than in other European specimens. The venter is distinctly brownish. A single male from same locality has the marking on the tergites narrower and front legs without black. TENTHREDELLA COCKERELLI, new species This species is allied to goliath (Enslin) but differs from the de- scription of that species in the absence of pale marks at the bases of the antennae, in the infuscate apices of the wings, and black sternites. | Female.—Length, 14 mm. Head broad, the posterior orbits dis- tinctly wider than the cephal-caudad diameter of the eye; anterior margin of the labrum subacute; the clypeus with a rather shallow, arcuate emragination; supraclypeal area convex; frontal furrows deep; postocellar area completely defined by deep furrows, posterior ART. 8 SAWEFLIES FROM SIBERIA—-ROHWER ek width a little greater than its length; head shining without distinct _ punctures; occiput strongly margined; third antennal joint about one-fourth longer than the fourth; scutum and prescutum shining but with small, distinct punctures; scutellum strongly, transversely convex; interradius strongly curved, received by the third cubital cell at apical third; third and fourth abscissa of the cubitus subequal ; sheath rounded apically, convex below. Black; base of mandibles, labrum, two spots on the clypeus, an L-shaped mark from superior orbit to occiput (broader at occiput), the dorsal angles of pronotum, tegulae, spot on the scutellum, spot on metepisternum, sides of the basal plates, white; legs black, posterior trochanters, all tribiae and tarsi, except apices, white; wings hyaline, distinctly infumated _ around apex of the stigma; venation black; costa and stigma reddish- yellow. Ty pe-locality.—Kongaus, Siberia. Described from a single female collected by T. D. A. Cockerell, August, 1923. Type.—Cat. No. 27622, U.S.N.M. SELANDRIA TEMPORALIS Thomson One female from Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, collected July, 1923, by W. P. Cockerell. STROMBOCEROS DELICATULUS (Fallén) One male from Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia, collected July, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. BUSARBIDEA FORMOSANA Rohwer A single male from Okeanskaja, Siberia, collected August, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. This male agrees very closely with a paratype female and appears to be the undescribed male of this species. PONTANIA, species Two males from Okeanskaja, Siberia, collected August, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. PTERONIDEA NIGRICORNIS, variety SIBIRICA Jakowlew One female from Okeanskaja, Siberia, collected August, 1923, by T. D. A. Cockerell. PRISTOPHORA CHROMATA, new species This species is very unusual in color for a species of the genus Pristophora. Judging from Enslin’s key to the European species it is allied to pallidula Konow, but it differs from the description TS PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vou. 68 of that species in the absence of black marks on the head and thorax and in the pale stigma. Female—Length, 6 mm. Apical margin of the labrum broadly rounded; clypeus with the lateral angles broadly rounded; supracly- peal area gently convexed, triangular in outline; supraclypeal foveae confluent with the antennal foveae; frontal foveae elongate; frontal crest prominent, unbroken; postocellar line a trifle shorter than the ocellocular line; postocellar furrow wanting; postocellar area with a distinct longitudinal, median furrow; vertical furrows complete, well defined; head slightly narrowing behind the eyes; antenna nearly as long as the body, the third joint a trifle shorter than the fourth; thorax shining, basal plates finely reticulate; tergites smooth ; stigma angulate basally, gradually tapering to an acute apex; second recurrent antefurcal by a distance nearly equal to the length of the second intercubitus; recurrentella antefurcal by half the length of intercubitella; sheath broad, straight above, narrowly rounded at apex, rounding to a broad base; claws with a prominent inner tooth. Uniformly pale-yellow (perhaps green in life); head, spot on prescutum, elongate spots on scutum, with a distinct ferrugineous tinge; antennae with a narrow black line above; wings hyaline, strongly iridescent; venation dark-brown; costa, subcosta and stigma sordid-white. Type-locality—Kudia River, Amagu, Siberia. Described from a single female collected July, 1928, by T. D. A. Cockerell. Type.—Cat. No. 27623, U.S.N.M. O NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF TWO-WINGED FLIES BE- LONGING TO THE TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI By Harry W. ALLEN Of the Mississippi Agricultural Experiment Station INTRODUCTION An attempt has been made in this paper to define the limits of a small group of Muscoid flies which have long been associated, some- what incorrectly, by most American workers in Diptera with the family Tachinidae, and to render the species of the group thus defined readily determinable. In the American literature of the past 30 years, with the exception of Townsend’s, the genera which are discussed in this paper have been rather widely scattered among genera of Tachinidae with which they are but distantly related. Owing to the difficulty of obtaining a clear conception from the existing literature, of the limits of the group, and of the genera contained, it has been found advisable to define and redescribe quite fully. parallel 25S ee See ee eee Opsidiopsis Townsend. 2. Length of head at vibrissae almost equal to length at base of antennae; epistoma usually produced, and in profile conspicuously visible_--.-------------- Ze Length of head at vibrissae much less than at base of antennae; epistoma not produced, at most scarcely visible in profile_2.-+2- _b2s. -2s2S-b23-2422—3 3. Be eApical, celliopenatemeangimy Ol: WAT ee se eke ee ee dD: Apical ‘cell. closed-at marginof swing. 20) =e ee eee 4, 4. Distal section of fifth vein longer than preceding section; fold of fourth vein longersthanydiscalece lle ee = ere eee ee Taxigramma Perris. Distal section of fifth vein scarcely more than half as long as preceding section; fold of fourth vein distinctly shorter than discal cell____Hilarella Rondani. 5. Facial ridges with bristly hairs or macrochaetae which extend not more than one-fourth the distance from the vibrissae to the base of the antennae___--_-_ 6. Facial ridges with strong macrochaetae which extend more than half the distance from the vibrissae to base of antennae; vibrissae and ocellar bristles distinetly differentiated; bristly hairs on either side of frontal vitta below CElem crea ee ee re Sphenometopa Townsend. 6. Parafacials-with a distinct row of. macrochaetaes. =~ = 2 = 2 Aas Raratacialsewithoutsmacrochaetae 2242-2 2 ee ee he 7. Abdomen elongate conical; macrochaetae on abdomen much larger than the bristlyshairs: = 2242 So 4o5. acc h oe SS oe ee ee Ee eee 8. Abdomen subglobose; macrochaetae on abdomen scarcely differentiated from the surrounding bristly hairs; head in profile with no definite angle between buccal and facial margin________.----- Oestrohilarella Townsend. 8. Frontal rows not extending to below base of antennae and not strongly diver- gent below; lunule'scarcely visibles:. 2. = 383) Se eee 9. Frontal rows extending to middle of second antennal joint and strongly divergent below; lunule conspicuously exposed. Phrosinella Robineau-Desvoidy. 9. Third vein on upper surface with but one or two small hairs near its base; arista thickened to: néarits tips 22422-2022 ee eee Senotainia Macquart. Third vein on upper surface usually with a row of bristles extending at least nearly halfway to the small cross vein; if not, arista not thickened beyond basalsihalfs - 2. <0 3oe ee eet aot Soe ee 10. 10. Apical scutellar bristles well developed, nearly or quite as large as the extreme lateral scutellars; front with sides not converging anteriorly; male genitalia, in repose, largely or wholly concealed within tip of abdomen. Gymnoprosopa Townsend. Apical scutellar bristles lacking, or if present, much smaller than the other two pairs of marginals; front with sides usually converging anteriorly; male genitalia, in repose, extruding prominently from tip of abdomen. Eumacronychia Townsend. 11. Facial ridges strongly divergent; vibrissae much less than length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; proboscis much shorter than height-ofhesdi 322828 222 be eS ee _Metopia Meigen. Facial ridges parallel; vibrissae at least length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; proboscis at least nearly as long as height of head. Opsidia Coquillett. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN i 12. Facial ridges usually with bristly hairs; macrochaetae if present, not extending onsjidges above tips of antennae-.--..2--=2-.---..2 == -.5.--==-=_.- Si Facial ridges with a row of macrochaetae extending far above tips of antennae. Sphenometopa Townsend. 13. A single row of frontal bristles on either side of frontal vitta; orbital bristles NODES GINU See teens eens toe el ies He IAS Se a BUS Ss eS 14. Two rows of frontal bristles on either side of frontal vitta; orbital bristles absent se a ee aee aoe ee Pachyophthalmus Brauer and Bergenstamm. 14. Distance from tip of antennae to vibrissae equal to or exceeding length of second antennal joint; antennae extending scarcely more than halfway from their base to front edge of oral margin; posterior, convex part of sterno- pleuron triangular in outline; mesothoracic spiracle with both fringes of about equal size, the posterior one not plumose__-_--_-- Senotainia Macquart. Distance from tips of antennae to vibrissae distinctly less than length of second antennal joint; antennae more than two-thirds distance from their base to front edge of oral margin_________-__- Eumacronychia Townsend. DESCRIPTIONS OF GENERA AND SPECIES Genus PACHYOPHTHALMUS Brauer and Bergenstamm Pachyophthalmus BravErR and BrrarnstamMM, Denkschr. Akad. Wien., vol. 56, p. 117, 1889; vol. 60, p. 170, 1893. Genotype, Tachina signata Meigen.—CoaquiLueTT, U. 8. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., no. 7, p. 79, 1897.— Apams, in Williston’s North American Diptera, pp. 372, 373, fig. 151, nos. 72, 75, 1908.—TuHompson, Paris Edition du Bull. Biol. de la France et de la Belgique, Recherches sur les Diptéres parasites, pp. 138-149, 1921. Sarcomacronychia TOWNSEND, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 19, p. 100, 1892. Genotype, S. unica Townsend, which equals P. floridensis Townsend, according to J. M. Aldrich, who has examined both of Townsend’s types. The genus is represented in North America by four closely related species. The adults in general appearance closely resemble Sarco- phaga adults. Other characters are as follows: The inner eye orbits are broadly convex, without sinuosity, some- what more nearly approximated at base of antennae than at the vertex, diverging rapidly to bucca; front much narrower than either eye, slightly narrower in female than in male; two frontal rows on either side of vitta, the inner row scarcely attaining base of antennae, and not suddenly divergent below, composed of larger bristles than those of outer row; no orbital bristles in either sex; vibrissae high above front edge of oral margin; antennae short, extending scarcely more than halfway to the oral margin; third joint less than three times the second; penultimate joint of arista not more than twice as long as broad; length of head at vibrissae nearly equals length at base of antennae; facets of eye at extreme front very much larger than those at the side; bucca and back of head beset with black bristly hairs; no pale hairs present. Thorax with three broad, con- spicuous black vittae; two sternopleurals, and three pairs of nearly equal marginal scutellar bristles. Intermediate abdominal segments marked with large, irregular blackish spots. Genitalia of male 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 moderately large; in repose protruding but slightly from tip of abdomen; inner forceps divergent from near their base; posterior claspers bearing bristles; penis with a more or less rigid, noncollapsi- ble, heavily chitinized hood; genitalia of female consisting of a rela- tively unspecialized larvipositor, telescoped within abdomen in repose. Wings lacking costal spine; veins without bristles save a few at base of third vein; apical cell narrowly open, ending far before extreme wing tip; section of fourth vein beyond the bend strongly arcuate; last section of fifth vein much less than half the preceding section. Pulvilli of male nearly or quite as long, of female much shorter than last tarsal joint. ; Townsend ‘ dissected one species of the genus and found that it possessed the typical double-pouched uterus of Miltogramminae. The writer has dissected dried specimens of floridensis, finding in them considerable numbers of maggots, indicating that the females deposit active larvae. Not all the larvae found were fully formed, a definite series from partly to fully developed first instar maggots being present. Thompson’s description and figures of signatus ° indicates that in the first instar larvae, the cuticle covering, save near the mouth, takes the form of oval or polygonal, convex rugosities differing from the covering of flattened scales followed by longitudinal ribs found in Miltogramma and Senotainia. The buccopharyngeal apparatus of signatus, as figured by Thompson, closely resembles that of Seno- tainia, excepting that the whole mechanism is more massive and the median hook lacks the ventral denticle. I find that the buecopharyn- geal apparatus of floridensis differs slightly from Thompson’s figure for signatus in possessing a more slender intermediate piece and differently shaped lateral hooks. Thompson finds that the buccal armature of the third instar very closely resembles that of Sphecapata conica and Miltogramma punctatum; that there are seven radiating papillae on the anterior spiracle, and that the posterior spiracle possesses the usual three oval slits. The puparium of floridensis has been carefully described and fig- ured by Greene,’ who finds that the posterior end bears a small, deep pit, within which occur the posterior spiracles. The three slits of the spiracle are straight and parallel, pointed at the lower end, below which is the large round button. The pit is located largely below the horizontal bisecting plane, the anal opening being outside of and below the pit. Thompson noted that the puparium of signatus lacks the anal pit, an unexpected aberration verified by the writer in North American specimens in the National Museum. 4 An. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 4, p. 130, 1911. 5 Recherches sur les Diptéres parasites, p. 112, 1921. 6 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 60, p. 12, fig. 8, 1921. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 9 Pachyophthalmus is represented by a limited number of species occurring in Europe and the American continents. The adults ap- parently do not frequent barren sand and denuded ground. They are attracted to flowers, bask on shrubby foliage in the sunlight, and have been noted about habitations, as would be expected from the peculiar host relationships. The members of the genus, so far as known, are biologically superimposed on wasps which build mud nests under shelter or in hollow stems, including members of the families Sphecidae and Eumenidae. The manner in which the female establishes her progeny and the subsequent larval development have not been observed. Rau found the puparia of one species lodged in a hollow stem containing the nests of Odynerus. When associated with the common “dirt daubers” Pelopaeus and Trypoxylon, which build their nests indoors, it is not known whether the maggots pupate within the mud cells of their hosts or leave them to seek other shelter for the transitional stage. The members of the genus Pachyophthalmus are more distinctly aerial in habit than the other North American genera of Miltogrammini.. So far as is known, all of the activities of adult, larval, and pupal stages take place in a stratum extending from a foot or more to several feet above the ground. This is a noteworthy biological specialization in a group of flies, most of which pass the immature stages under ground, and never rise, as adults, but a few inches above the ground. KEY TO NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF PACHYOPHTHALMUS 1. Thoracic vittae not continuous over scutellum; hind tibia on outside with a complete row of bristles extending to the apex; the fourth abdominal and genital sesments wholly black..._....-.-_-_-..--_..4.=..--.=.-=---= 3. Thoracic vittae continuous over scutellum; hind tibia on outside with a row of bristles not extending far beyond the middle___---_---_------------ 2. 2. Fourth abdominal segment and genital segments wholly black; parafrontals outside the two frontal rows conspicuously setulose___-_. aren new species. Fourth abdominal segment and genital segments yellow; parafrontals outside the two frontal rows, at most with scattered microscopic bristly hairs floridensis Townsend. 3. Anterior clasper of the male genitalia much shorter than the penis, and with biunthytpointedt tipss25 2 22325 Sihi ess et eho 2 oe signatus (Meigen). Anterior clasper of the male genitalia nearly as long as the penis, and with exceedingly sharp, delicate, incurved hooks at the tip. distortus, new species. UNRECOGNIZED SPECIES OF PACHYOPHTHALMUS erythrura VAN DER Wotp, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Dipt., vol. 2, p. 89, 1890. Described from a single male from Presidio, Mexico, and assigned to Milto- gramma. ‘Type in British Museum. sarcophagina VAN DER Wu .pP, Biol. Cent._Amer., Dipt., vol. 2, p. 90, 1890. Described from a female from Atoyac, Vera Cruz, Mexico, and assigned to Miltogramma. The type and one other specimen in British Museum. 54292—26+—2 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 PACHYOPHTHALMUS FLORIDENSIS Townsend Pachyophthalmus floridensis TOWNSEND, Ent. News, vol. 3, p. 80, 1892; An. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 4, p. 130, 1911.—CoquitteTT, U. S. Bur. of Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 80, 1897.—Smiru, Ins. of New Jersey, p. 778, 1909.— Aupricu, Cat. of N. A. Dipt., p. 447, 1905.—Jounson, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 32, art. 3, p. 72, 19138.—Watuton, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 48, p. 182, 1914.— REINHARD, Ent. News, vol. 30, p. 283, 1919.—CoLE and Lovert, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sciences, vol. 11, p. 301, 1921. Sarcomacronychia unica TOWNSEND, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 19, p. 101, 1892. Sarcomacronychia sarcophagoides TOWNSEND, Canad. Ent., vol. 24, p. 165, 1892. Sarcomacronychia trypoxylonis TOWNSEND, Bull. Ohio Exp. Sta., Tech. Ser., 1; p- 165: Sarcomacronychia trivitatta TOWNSEND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 43, p. 363, 1912, type from Peru deposited in U. 8. National Museum, examined by me.—Rav and Rav, Wasp Studies Afield, p. 331, 1916. Male.—Front at narrowest point 0.25 of extreme width of head (measurements of five as follows: 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.27, 0.27); frontal vitta narrowest near middle, where it is one-half to three-fifths width of parafrontals; parafrontals silvery pollinose, outside the frontal rows bare or with sparse microscopic bristly hairs; vibrissae the length of the second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; facial ridges bristly on lowest half; third antennal joint one and one-half times length of second; arista thickened on basal fourth; penultimate joint slightly longer than broad; proboscis almost equals the head height; labella small and laterally compressed; palpi black. Thorax with the usual three black vittae, extending over thescutellum; three postsutural dorsocentral bristles; scutellum with three nearly equal marginal bristles and small preapicals. Abdomen black ex- cepting the last segment which is red; the three posterior segments thinly gray pollinose, usually to the apex; the intermediate segments with three large, more or less rectangular black spots; first segment bearing strong median marginal bristles; second with median mar- ginals and several lateral bristles, which become weaker as they ap- proach the median line; third and fourth with a marginal row of eight to twelve. Genital segments rufous (pl. 2, fig. 12); inner forceps nearly straight when viewed from the side; outer forceps pale yellow, much less massive than the inner pair, apical two-thirds slender and rounded in cross section; penis with a black, laterally compressed, heavily chitinized hood, consisting of a large, irregular anterior process and a small slender posterior process connected by a narrow translucent membrane; anterior claspers much shorter than the penis, tapering forward to a strong blunt point. Wings with one or two small bristly hairs near the base of the third vein; penultimate section of the fourth vein equaling one-half the preceding section. Pulvilli longer than last tarsal joint; hind tibia on the outside, with an incom- ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN LT plete irregular row, of which the lowest is the largest and is located slightly beyond the middle. Female.—Front at narrowest point 0.19 of head width (measure- ments of six as follows: 0.14, 0.18, 0.18, 0.19, 0.22, 0.23). With the usual sexual differences in the genitalia and length of pulvilli. Other- wise like the male. Length, 5 to 9 mm. Redescribed from a long series including both males and females, from the following localities: Lafayette, Indiana; Blue Ridge Sum- mit, Pennsylvania; Clementon, New Jersey; Chesapeake Beach and Plummer Island, Maryland; Rock Creek Park, District of Columbia; Potomac Creek, Virginia; Wilmington County, Georgia; Miami and Lake Worth, Florida; Victoria, Waco, and Brownsville, Texas; Colorado; Minot, North Dakota; Moscow, Idaho; Emigration Can- von, Utah; Rio Aravaipa, Kast Verde River and Cave Creek Canyon, Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona; Socoro, New Mexico; Santa Cruz Mountains, Santa Clara County, Los Angeles County, and Claremont, California; Kaslo, British Columbia; Porto Bello, Panama; Boracoa, Cuba; specimens from Lafayette, Indiana, labelled ‘‘on parsnip flower,” (J. M. Aldrich); “from cells of P. cementarius” Dorchester County, Maryland, (H. 8S. Barber); “from nest of P. cementarius,”’ Biloxi, Mississippi; ‘‘from the nest of harrisi”’ (F. M. Jones) ; ‘from the nest of wasp Sceliphron cementarium Dr. var.’’; Toboga Island, Panama, (J. Zetek); all the above in the collection of the United States National Museum. Baldwin, Kansas; Columbus, Ohio; in collection of Prof. J.S. Hine. Agricultural and Mechanical College, Sellers, and Ocean Springs, Mississippi, in my collection. The conclusions of Aldrich 7 who examined the types, and of Coquillett § as to the identity of Townsend’s (sarcophagoides) (trypox- ylonis) (unica) and floridensis has been accepted without further study of the types. Major Austen of the British Museum, who has com- pared a specimen of floridensis determined by me with the type of (Miltogramma) erythrura Van der Wulp, states that the latter is a Pachyophthalmus but questions whether it is identical with floridensis. He adds that “your specimen is little more than half the size of the type, but in spite of this, and the fact that your specimen is a female, while the type is a male, the enlarged facets in the eyes of your speci- men are somewhat larger than the corresponding facets in the eyes of the type. Again, the frontal stripe is black in your specimen, but russet in the type in which the black markings on the first three abdominal tergites are less extensive and less clearly defined than in the specimens forwarded by you.” I find that in fleridensis, the size, color, and distributionf pollen are characters variable to a * Cat. of N. A. Dipt., p. 447. 8 U.S. Bur. of Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 80. 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 68 considerable degree, and that the females possess distinctly larger eye facets than the males, and believe that the differences noted by Major Austen may not be of specific significance. Miltogramma sarcophagina Van der Wulp, according to Major Austen, who has recently examined the type for me, is certainly a Pachyophthalmus. According to the original description, it has a red-tipped abdomen, a character not possessed by any other species of Pachyophthalmus known to me, except floridensis. It seems possible that floridensis is identical with erythrura or sarcophagina of Van der Wulp, or with both, but I hesitate to submerge floridensis in synonomy until after a more careful comparison of types. PACHYOPHTHALMUS HINEI, new species Male.—Front at narrowest 0.27 of head width, (measurements of five as follows: 0.26, 0.26, 0.27, 0.27, 0.28); face and front white pollinose, becoming leaden towards vertex; frontal vitta red, some- times black, narrowest in front of middle, where it is from less than half to two-thirds as wide as either parafrontal; about 12 bristles in the inside frontal row; parafrontals outside the second frontal row, and as far as base of the antennae, black setulose; vibrissae inserted slightly less than length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; facial ridges with scattered bristly hairs on slightly more than lowest half; antennae black, third joint scarcely longer than second; arista thickened on basal two-fifths, penultimate joint con- spicuous and nearly twice as long as wide; parafacials bare; in profile, width of bueca equals width of parafacial and one-eighth eye height; palpi black. Thorax gray pollinose, with three broad black vittae continuous over the scutellum; two, and sometimes three, postsutural dorsocentral bristles; three nearly equal marginal scutellars; no preapicals. Abdomen black, strongly tinged with bronze, densely overlaid with gray pollen, with an obscure, broad, black, median vitta; first segment without median marginal bristles, second with a median marginal pair, third and fourth with uninterrupted marginal rows. Genitalia black, small and fully concealed within the abdomen, in repose; first genital segment without apical macrocahetae; claws of inner forceps nearly straight in profile and terminating in blunt, laterally compressed tips; outer forceps as long and massive as the inner pair, tapering moderately to broad, rounded, polished black tips; penis with the hood largely membranous, consisting of a slender, heavily chitinized stem which extends to apex and supports a posterior, laterally compressed membranous wing which gives to the hood a lanceolate appearance. Wings hyaline; third vein with one to two small bristles at its base. Legs black; pulvilli of fore feet almost as long as last tarsal joint; hind tibia on outside with a row of about eight unequal bristles not extending far beyond the middle. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 13 Female.—Front at narrowest, 0.25 of head width, in the single specimen measured. Pulvilli of fore feet less than one-half length of last tarsal joint. Otherwise, save for usual differences of genitalia, like the male. Length, 6 to 8 mm. Type.—Male, in the collection of Prof. J. S. Hine, from Cameron, La. August 14-28, 1903. Allotype.—Female, in the collection of Professor Hine, same locality and date as the type. Host relationships —Unknown. Described from two males and one female from Cameron, La., August 14-28, 1903, and three males from the same locality, July 7, 1905, all collected by Professor Hine, in whose honor the species is named. The species is closely allied to floridensis, from which it may be distinguished by the absence of red on the last abdominal segment and the genitalia, the absence of preapical scutellars and median marginal bristles on the first abdominal segment, and in having the parafrontals setulose outside the frontal rows. PACHYOPHTHALMUS SIGNATUS (Meigen) Tachina signatus MEIcEN, Syst. Beschr., vol. 4, p. 303, 1824. Tachina anomalus ZETTERSTEDT, Dipt. Seand., vol. 18, p. 6074, 1859. Macronychia signata Scutner, Faun. Aust., vol. 1, p. 502, 1862. Pachyophthalmus signatus Bravgrr and BrrGENsTtTAMM, Denkschr. Akad. Wien., vol. 56, pl. 7, fig. 145, 1889; vol. 61, p. 620, 1894.—CocuILLETT, U.S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 79, 1897.—Strein, Entom. Nachricht, vol. 26, p. 149, 1900.—ViLLENnUVE, Bull. Soc. entom. France, 1900, p. 381.—Berzzi and Stren, Kat. Pal. Dipt., vol. 3, p. 518, 1907.—Smiru, Ins. New Jersey, p. 778, 1909.—Brimuey, Ent. News, vol. 33, p. 24, 1922. Pachyophthalmus aurifrons TowNsEND, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 18, p. 354, 1891. Miltogramma signata PANDELLE, Rev. entom., vol. 14, p. 298, 1895. For this species the writer has accepted the synonomy of Coquillett and Bezzi and Stein without examination of the types concerned. The identity of the European with the North American form has been verified by a comparison of the genitalia. Male.—Front at narrowest 0.215 of the head width (measurements of four as follows: 0.21, 0.21, 0.21, 0.23); frontal vitta dull black, narrowest at base of antennae; at the middle of front, almost as wide as either parafrontal; inner frontal row of about thirteen bristles; parafrontals golden pollinose; vibrissae two-thirds length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; facial ridges irregu- larly bristly on lower half or less; antennae black, third joint slightly longer than second; arista thickened on basal third; in profile, buccal width equals parafacials and one-sixth the eye height; front projects about one-fourth the eye diameter; proboscis slender, almost equaling 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 head height; labella rather small; palpi black. Thorax with the usual three broad black vittae extending as far as scutellum, the latter shining black, without vittae. Abdomen black, with the last three segments thinly gray pollinose, often to their apices; intermediate segments each with three large black spots; strong median marginal bristles on the first two segments, marginal rows of about eight on the last two. Genital segments black; inner forceps (pl. 3, fig. 13) curved forward, tips laterally compressed; outer forceps yellow, tapering to points round in cross section, more slender than inner forceps; penis with black, heavily chitinized hood, bootlike in appearance, with the toe of the “boot” pointed towards the inner forceps and with a trans- parent keel on its posterior border; anterior clasper slightly more than half as long as penis, tapering to a stout, anteriorly directed point. Wings with two to three small hairs at base of third vein. Legs black; hind tibia with a complete row of uneven bristles on the outside surface. Female.—Not distinguished with certainty from females of P. dis- tortus. The front at narrowest, in five specimens averaged 0.18 of the head width (measurements as follows: 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.22, 0.22). Usual sexual differences in genitalia and in length of claws and pulvili. Otherwise like the male. Length, 6 to 7 mm. Redescribed from the following males: One from Holyoke, Massa- chusetts, no. 1478c Dimmock’s Ent. Notes; three from Washington, District of Columbia, one labeled ‘‘from wasp’s nest”? (H. G. Dyer) ; one labeled ‘‘from butter wasp” (C. V. Riley); four from Lafayette, Indiana (J. M. Aldrich); two from Tennessee Pass, Colo. (J. M. Aldrich); three from White Mountains, New Mexico, two labeled “flowers of Cicuta occidentalis” and the other “flowers of Solidago trinervata” (C. H. T. Townsend); two from Mono Lake, California (J. M. Aldrich); two from Sierra Madra, Chihuahua, Mex. (C. H. T. Townsend); all in the collection of the National Museum. One from Sugar Grove, Ohio, and another from Columbus, Ohio, labeled “parasite of Trypoxylon politum,” both in collection of Prof. J. S. Hine. One male, Macerat, Italy (?), determined by Professor Bezzi, and one male, Rambouillet, France. Both Huropean specimens in which the genitalia was relaxed were found to be identical with North American material. Owing to the inclusion of two distinct species under the name signatus, published records referring to this species up to the present should not be accepted without verification. P. signatus occurs in Europe and is also generally distributed over North America, having been identified by the writer from males with the genitalia relaxed, from Massachusetts, District of Columbia, Indiana, Colorado, New Mexico, California, and Chihuahua, Mexico. It is attracted to ARY. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 15 flowers, Townsend having taken specimens in the Southwest on Cicuta occidentalis and Solidago trinervata. The writer on one occasion, captured several specimens basking on sunlit folhage of shrubs and small trees in Massachusetts. I have examined one specimen bearing a record of rearing from Trypoxylon politum Say. The host relation- ships indicated by Coquillett,? Brimley,’ and Malysev'! are possibly correct but should be verified. PACHYOPHTHALMUS DISTORTUS, new species Maie.—Front at narrowest 0.22 of head width (measurements of five as follows: 0.20, 0.21, 0.21, 0.23, 0.24); frontal vitta black, narrowest near the middle, where it is about two-thirds width of parafrontal, diverging slightly to vertex; parafrontals with a dense inner row of about fifteen bristles, outside of which is a row of smaller bristles and sparse, scattered hairs; vibrissae about hall length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; antennae black, extending two-thirds distance to vibrissae, third joint slightly longer than second; arista thickened on basal third; penultimate joint nearly twice as long as wide; facial ridges with scattered hairs on lower half; in profile, bucca wider than parafacials and equal to about one-sixth the eye height; front projects about one-fourth eye diameter; paratacials bare save for a few sparse hairs; proboscis about two-thirds head height, stout; labella fleshy; palpi black. Thorax gray pollinose, with the usual three broad black vittae extending as far as the scutellum; three, or sometimes four postsutral dorso- central bristles; scutellum with three marginals, of which the inter- mediate pair is larger than the other equal pairs. Abdomen black, densely gray pollinose to apices of segments with three large, shining, irregular black spots on each of the last three segments; first and second with strong median marginal pair of bristles and a few laterals becoming weaker towards the median line; third and fourth segments with marginal row of fourteen to sixteen bristles. Genitalia (pl. 3, fig. 14) black; inner forceps slightly divergent from their base; claws moderately flattened laterally, in profile curved abruptly forward near the tip; outer forceps tapering uniformly to rounded tips about equal to size of tips of inner forceps; penis laterally compressed, with the rolled edges of apical aperture much narrower than width of penis in the middle; anterior claspers nearly as long as the penis, extremely crooked, with very fine hooked tips, best seen from the rear. Wings of usual venation; third vein with two to three small hairs at its base. Legs black; hind tibia with complete row of about nine irregular bristles on outer surface. ®U.S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 19, 1897. 11 Hort. Soc. Ent. Ross., vol. 40, p. 51. 10 Ent. News, vol. 33, p. 24, 1922. 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 Length, 5 to 8 mm. Type.—Male, Cat. No. 28150, U.S.N.M., from Stone Valley, Pennsylvania. Described from the following material, all males: In the National Museum; one from White Mountains, New Hampshire (Morrison) ; four from Stone Valley, Pennsylvania, June 24 (H. EK. Ewing); seven from Plummer Island, Maryland, bred from nest of Trypoxylon politum, February 25, 1917 (H. L. Viereck); one from Kaslo, British Columbia (R. P. Currie): in the Canadian National collec- tion, two, Barber D., New Brunswick, 24—vi-1914 (I. M. McKenzie) (J. D. Tothill); one, Barber D., New Brunswick, 25—vi-1914 (J. D. Tothill); one, Hamilton River, Musica Falls, Lander t2>19=Vii— 1919 (S. E. Ae) in the collection of R. C. Shannon, one from Ithaca, New York, May 25, 1922. The female, I have been unable to distinguish from those of P. signatus. The male also resembles signatus excepting in the genitalia which is widely different. P. distortus is at present known from only a limited number of localities in the northeastern states, eastern Canada, and from Kaslo, British Columbia. It has never been collected on flowers. Doctor Ewing secured several specimens from a large number observed flying about the porch of a deserted cabin in Pennsylvania. It has been reared from Trypozylon politum Say. Genus SENOTAINIA Macquart Senotainia Macquart, Dipt. Exot. Suppl., vol. 1, p. 167, 1846. Genotype, rubriventris from Galveston, Tex., not seen; but the original description mentions the presence of a frontal row of eight bristles, three orbitals, a linear frontal vitta and red abdomen, distinctive of one common North American species widely recognized as rubriventris—CogquiLuEttT, U. 8. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 80, 1897; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 37, p. 605, 1910.—Apams, in Williston’s Diptera of N. A., p. 373, fig. 152, no. 110, p. 375, (Miltogramma), 1908.—TowNnsENpD, Smithson. Mise. Coll., vol. 51, p. 56, 1908; An. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 4, p. 140, 1911. Megaera RopineAvu-Desvoipy, Myod., p. 94, 1830. According to Bezzi and Stein, (Pal. Dipt., vol. 3, p. 515) preoccupied by Wagler for Reptilia, in August 1830, (Isis, 1830, p. 944). No date other than 1830 appears in Desvoidy’s publication: Sphecapata RonvANI, Dipt. Ital. Prod., vol. 3, p. 221, 1859. Genotype not designated by andar S. Alpsrons Rondani aecaied by Brauer and Bergenstamm, Denkschr. Akad. Wien., vol. 56, p. 115, 1889. S. conica Fallén designated by Brauer, Vorarb. Monog. Muse. Schizo., p. 58, 1893. But since albifrons equals conica, (Bezzi and Stein, Kat. Pal. Dipt., vol. 3, p. 515) the latter becomes the genotype. After careful examination of European specimens of conica determined by Professor Bezzi and others, I am unable to distinguish any characters of generic importance separating this species from Senotainia. Misellia Rostnrau—Desvorpy, Dipt. Envy. Paris, vol. 2, p. 146, 1863. Genotype designated is Megaera dira Robineau-Desvoidy which according to Desvoidy’s own statement,equals> Miltogramma conica Fallén. But ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 17 conica belongs to Sphecapata of which it is the genotype, which equals Senotainia, an earlier name. Hence Misellia equals Senotainia. Euselenomyia TOWNSEND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 48, p. 364, 1912. Genotype, peruviensis examined by the writer. Microsenotainia TowNsEND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 49, p. 618, 1915. Genotype, Senotainia nana Coquillett, examined by the writer. Eusenotainia TOWNSEND, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., vol. 28, p. 22,1915. Geno- type, Hilarella rufiventris Coquillett, examined by the writer. Frontal vitta at most shghtly wider than parafrontals; proclinate ocellar bristles present; a single row of frontals not descending below base of antennae and not suddenly divergent below; from two to several pairs of orbital bristles present in both sexes; front slightly narrower in females than in males; arista stubby, penultimate joint at most scarcely twice as long as wide; vibrissae differentiated from other hairs about the mouth; facial ridges without macrochaetae, bristly on not more than lowest fourth; parafacials hairy or not, but never with macrochaetae on lowest half; in profile, head length at vibrissae nearly or quite equals that at base of antennae; proboscis slender, and nearly as long as head height; facets at extreme front several times larger than those at sides of eye; bucca and back of head without pale hairs. Convex, posterior part of sternopleuron triangular in outline; two similar, brush like flaps of hairs close the mesothoracic spiracle, the hind flap not differentiated in the shape of a conspicuous oval plume. Male genitalia (pl. 2 figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) in repose usually protruding somewhat conspicuously from tip of abdomen; penis with membranous spiniferous hood, frequently saclike and collapsible; posterior clasper with a prominent bristle; female genitalia in the form of non-piercing larvipositors telescoped in the abdomen, in repose. Wings (pl. 4, fig. 24) hyaline; apical cell open; last section of fifth vein distinctly less than half the preceding section; veins without bristles save for one to several small ones at base of third vein. Pulvilli of male nearly or quite as long as last tarsal joint and much longer than those of female. The female reproductive organs of three species have been dissected (pl. 4, figs. 20, 22, 25). In all, the uterus was found to be very short, with a conspicuous pouch-like expansion, containing, in mature specimens, large active larvae. Considerable difference in con- formation of the various organs of reproduction was noted in the species dissected but this may have been due more largely to variation of stage of maturity than to specific differences. First instar maggots of four species have been examined. In all, the cuticle is of about the same texture dorsally and ventrally, and is drawn into flat, longitudinal ribs or corrugations on the posterior two-thirds of each segment. The anterior third of each segment is armed with flat, minute scales, not strongly chitinized and scarcely visible except under a high power objective. The maggots are 1s PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 metapneustic. The buccopharyngeal apparatus (pl. 5, figs. 30, 31, 32, 33) is moderately strong, the mouth hooks being much shorter and less massive than the basal piece. The median hook is heavily chitin- ized; the lateral hooks are not fused at the tip with the median hook, but terminate in well defined tips, similar to the tip of the median hook, in outline, but much less strongly chitinized. The median hook articulates with a slender intermediate region which is in turn firmly fused to the basal piece. The sides of the intermediate region are joined ventrally by a sclerite, which in lateral view appears barb- like, and which viewed from above gives the region an H-like appear- ance. The large basal piece consists of a single ventral and two dorsal wings which are not cleft on their posterior margins. This agrees in every particular with Thompson’s description of the first instar maggot of Sphecapata conica.” S. trilineata is the only species in which the second instar maggot has been studied. The body is white, with transparent cuticle through which the internal organs are plainly visible. The cuticle of the first four segments bears irregular rows of minute black spines confined to an encircling belt on the anterior third of the segment. - In this instar, the maggot is amphipneustic, the anterior spiracle terminating in several fingerlike papillae spread fanlike and_pro- truding conspicuously from the body. The buccopharyngeal ap- paratus differs from that of the first instar maggot in several par- ticulars (pl. 5, fig. 34). There are two strong lateral hooks but no median hook; the intermediate piece articulates freely with the basal piece as well as the bucal hooks; the superior wing of the basal piece has at its posterior margin, two prolongations separated by a deep cleft; and dorsal to the intermediate region is a weak vestigial sclerite called the dorsal accessory piece. The puparia of three species have been studied (pl. 4, fig. 21). They are characterized as follows: Yellowish to chestnut-brown in color, rather smooth and thin-walled; with minute brown spines on the anterior third or less of the segment, spiniferous areas encircling the segments anteriorly, limited to the ventral surface posteriorly; round in cross section; from the lateral aspect, oval save for the ex- treme posterior margin which is truncate. Anterior spiracle pro- truding, terminating in several fingerlike papillae, radiating fanlike from the base; posterior spiracles located in distinct shield-shaped pit (pl. 5, fig. 27), centered on the longitudinal axis; spiracles located at the upper part of the pit, separated by at least their diameter, broadly rounded above, tapering to a point below; button indistinct; anal opening large and located at some distance below the pit. Several species of this genus are widely distributed over North America, at least one of which occurs as far southward as Peru, in 12 Recherches Sur. les Diptéres parasites, p. 105, fig. 109. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 19 South America. Other species (Sphecapata) are widely distributed over Europe. So far as known, the European and New World forms are distinct. In North America the genus ranges from British Columbia and Ontario on the north, to Panama, and is represented also in some of the West Indian islands. This genus appears to be best represented in the fauna of the south and southwestern states, where as many as six species may be present in the same general locality. Northward the number diminishes, and southward in tropical America, also, fewer species are known, though perhaps because that region has been less thoroughly worked. Judging from its presence in collections, the individuals of the genus Senotainia are nearly if not quite as abundant as individuals of all other Milto- gramminid genera combined. In the collection of the writer which is largely from Mississippi and Ohio, over seventy per cent of all Miltogramminae are Senotainia, and Metopia, with about seventeen per cent, is the genus which most closely approaches it in numbers. A somewhat similar ratio exists in the other large collections studied. The adults of several species of Senotainia are attracted to flowers. Several species of flowers may be visited by one species of fly. Compositae appear to be favored, but the blossoms of other groups are also visited. The writer has never taken them on the blossoms or foliage of trees or high shrubs. It has been noted that in species of Senotainia that visit flowers, the proboscis is long and slender, while in Metopia, Sphenometopa, Phrosinella, and other genera in which the adults have never been taken on flowers, the proboscis is very:short and stout. The members of the genus Senotainia, so far as known, are bio- logically superimposed on fossorial Hymenoptera, principally as commensals living on the food provided by the wasps for their young, frequently eliminating the grub of the wasp either by producing unsuitable conditions or by direct predatory act, but probably never as a true endoparasite of the latter. The females deposit large, active, naked larvae, probably in most cases, on or near the paralyzed prey of Hymenopteron hosts, after it has been placed in the burrow. The members of at least three families of Aculeata, Bembicidae, Psammocharidae and probably Sphecidae are attacked by Senotainia. All so attacked dig burrows in the soil, some of which are provisioned with spiders, others with flies, Heteropteron nymphs, or Other Arthropod prey. From the rather limited rearing records, it would appear that the larvae of Senotainia are far less exacting in their food requirements than typical Tachinids, in this respect much more closely approaching the typical Sarcophagidae and Calliphori- dae. The conjectures of Townsend™ as to the larval habits of 13 An. Ent. Soc., vol. 4, p. 140, 1911. 20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you. 68 Senotainia have been largely disproved by actual observations on the larvae of several species, recorded elsewhere in this paper. The habit of trailing or ‘‘shadowing” the host as it carries the prey to its nest seems to be more highly developed in this genus than in any other in the group. This habit appears related to two structural characters not occuring in such a pronounced degree in other North American Miltogrammini, excepting in the genus Pachyophthalmus, which are, namely, the conspicuously enlarged facets of the front part of the eyes, and the uniformly narrower front and larger development of the eyes in the female as compared with the male. The possession of larger eyes with the enlarged facets, should in all probability be regarded as specializations per- mitting the female to keep herself oriented more readily with the rapidly moving form of the wasp she follows, while in flight. So far as observed, the members of this genus display little or no interest in burrows stocked with food, or the paralyzed victims of the wasp, when it drops them outside its burrow, but is strongly excited by the presence of the wasp carrying its prey, and is seem- ingly stimulated to larviposition only in the presence of this com- bination. KEY TO NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF SENOTANINIA =Sternopleura with one bristless: 2-2 _ 224 s4s5 esse ae Ee eee ae Sternopleurs,.with: twobristles.2- —.42=25.. 2. = 2 ee eee 2. 2. Abdomen red, at least on the sides; third antennal joint red or at most with blackish, tomentum: over the red. =_.2..-2-. 2422 se eee eee 4. Abdomentwholly black]... 22 2b os S23. 22 Soe Se ee ee 3: 3. The two frontal rows of macrochaetae, at their middle, separated by a distance greater than width of either parafrontal; three distinct postsutural dorso- centralioristlesie 22 oes. eke Bee eee Le trilineata Van der Wulp. The two frontal rows of macrochaetae, at their middle, separated by a dis- tance less than width of either parafrontal; not more than two postsutural dorsocentralsidifferentiated=—-- 2-5 62255 aoe ee eee litoralis Allen. 4. Second abdominal segment with median marginal bristles______---------- 6. Second abdominal segment without median marginal bristles__-_---------- 5. 5. Arista thickened almost to the tip; third antennal joint at least nearly three times length of second joint___-__- ct SS fa paar rufiventris (Coquillett). Arista thickened on basal half; third antennal joint at most scarcely exceed- ing two times length of second joint _-_-_-------- flavicornis (Townsend). 6. Arista thickened on the basal two-fifths; bueca in profile usually not more than one-twentieth the eye height; two proclinate orbital bristles; outer forceps of male genitalia with a strong rounded hook, directed anteriorly. rubriventris Macquart. Arista thickened on basal three-fifths; bucca in profile at least one-tenth eye height; usually but one proclinate orbital bristle; outer forceps of male genitalia with stout, sharp tip posteriorly directed and apposed to the tip ofthe jinnersforcepses- oo ss a a ee eee vigilans Allen. 7. Costa, near the humeral angle, with erect, radiating, bristly hairs; inner for- ceps of male genitalia broadly triangular when viewed from behind. setulicosta, new species. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN ZI Costa, near the humeral angle, with appressed hairs; inner forceps of male genitalia elongate and linear when viewed from behind__--nana Coquillett. UNRECOGNIZED SPECIES AND OTHERS MENTIONED BY ALDRICH !4 AND BY COQUILLETT biseta THomson, Kong. Sven. Freg. Eugenies Resa, p. 524, 1868. There is no record of this species since the type was described from Panama in 1868. From the description is seems probable that the species belongs in Senotainia, but its exact position is rather uncertain. erythrocera THOMSON, Kong. Sven. Freg. Hugenies Resa, p. 523, 1868. This species from California is described as possessing a long, pale, shaggy beard, three sternopleural bristles and discal bristles on the fourth abdomi- nal segment—characters sufficient to place it outside the limits of Seno- tainia, and in all probability outside the subfamily M7ltogramminae. sarcophagina VAN DER Wu .p, Biol. Cent. Amer., Dipt., vol. 2, p. 90, 1890. Major Austen reexamined the type in the British Museum for me, finding that the specimen possessed two rows of frontal bristles on each side of the frontal vitta. He writes that it is certainly a Pachyophthalmus, to which genus it has been assigned. erythrura VAN DER Wutp, Biol. Cent. Amer., Dipt., vol. 2, p. 89, 1890. Major Austen, who has examined the typein the British Museum for me states that this species is also a Pachyophthalmus, to which genus it has been assigned, fulvicornis VAN DER WuiP, Biol. Cent. Amer., Dipt., vol. 2, p. 89, 1890. Described from type and one other female from Guerrero, Mexico, and assigned to Miltogramma. Type in British Museum reexamined for me by Mr. Barnett who states that ‘‘the type does not possess a pair of marginal bristles at the apex of the second abdominal segment; the tibia of the hind leg is equipped with a more or less complete row of bristles on the outside; there are more than ten bristles in the frontal row on either side of the frontal vitta; the eyes are nearly twice as high as wide.” These characters serve amply to distinguish it from rubriventris with which it has been considered synonymous. Major Austen states that it is a Sphizxapata, which equals Senotainia. He has compared the type with a specimen of Senotainia jflavicornis Townsend determined by me which possesses all the characters listed above for the type of fulvicornis, and states that they are certainly not conspecific. It does not appear to be identical with any other species discussed in this paper and must represent a distinct species which I am at present unable to place. nana VAN DER Wutp, Tijdschr. v. Ent., vol. 35, p. 195, 1888; Biol. Cent. Amer., Dipt., vol. 2, p. 483, 1903. Described and assigned to Milto- gramma; type, a female from Guerrero, Mexico, has been lost. I find it impossible to definitely determine the place of this form from the super- ficial nature of the description. It has not been reported since its descrip- tion over 35 years ago. It may belong to the genus Senotainia, and is most certainly distinct from nana Coquillet and other species of the genus mentioned in this paper. Unless the type should be found, the name might best be disregarded. fasciata CoquituettT, U.S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 81, 1897. Equals Eumacronychia elita Townsend. 14 Cat. N. A. Dipt., p. 447, 1905. 15 U.S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser. No. 7, p. 80, 1897. 22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vou. 68 SENOTAINIA FLAVICORNIS (Townsend) Miltogramma flavicornis TowNSEND, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 18, p. 355, 1891. Type from southern Illinois. Miltogramma similis TowNsEeND, Trans Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 18, p. 357. Miltogramma kansensis TOWNSEND, Can. Ent., vol. 24, p. 68, 1892. Male.—Front at narrowest 0.25 of the head width (measurements of five 0.24, 0.24, 0.24, 0.25, 0.28); front and face silvery pollinose; vitta brownish, somewhat pollinose, width at base of antenne not more than twice the diameter of lowest ocellus, widening to slightly more than width of parafrontal at ocellar triangle; frontal row with 12 to 18 bristles; with one reclimate and usually two, sometimes one, three or even more proclinate orbital bristles; sparse bristly hatrs on parafrontals outside the frontal row; antennae red, third joint two to two and one-half times as long as the second; arista thickened on basal half, penultimate joint almost twice as long as wide; para- facials bare; facial ridges bristly on lowest fifth; bristles frequently scattered rather irregularly over the expansion of the facial ridges lateral to vibrissae; in profile, width of bucca is subequal to para- facials, and equal to one-eighth of eye height; eye height almost twice eye width; palpi nearly filiform, scarcely larger than arista, yellow. Thorax thinly gray pollinose over black, with three narrow median vittae not extending beyond transverse suture; caudad of suture, three broad black vittae; two strong sternopleurals, and two postsutural dorsocentrals of which the anterior one is much the weaker; three pairs of marginal scutellars of about equal size. Abdo- men black, usually with a lateral red spot involving the second and frequently the third and fourth segments on their sides, separated dorsally by a black vitta; thinly gray pollinose on the bases and sur- rounding the black polished apices of the last three segments; no median marginal bristles on the first two segments, a marginal row on each of the last two. The inner forceps of the genitalia (pl. 2, fig. 9) are black with rather long slender tips, slightly thinner one- third the distance back than just before the tips; outer forceps nearly as long and as large as the inner, rather broad, with sharply pointed tips directed anteriorly and not apposed to the tip of inner forceps; posterior clasper bearing a long bristle; penis with a spiniferous, membranous hood terminating in a small pendant cylindrical process. Wings with one to five bristles in a tuft at base of third vein. Legs black; middle tibia with a single bristle on outer front side near middle. Female.—Front at narrowest 0.22 of head width in the single specimen measured; frontal rows not so thickly beset with bristles; third antennal joint one and one-half times as long as second. Gen- italia retracted within abdomen in repose. Claws and _ pulvilli much shorter than last tarsal joint. Otherwise like the male. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 2a Length, 4.5 to 11 mm. Redescribed from a long series consisting largely of males in the collections of the National Museum, the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, Massachusetts, Dr. C. W. Johnson, and the writer from the following localities: Lafayette and Michigan City, Indiana; Algonquin and Carlinsville, Llinois; Maryland; Tifton, Georgia; Georgiana, Florida; West Point and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Mississippi; Kansas; Cambridge, Nebraska; Wild Horse Canyon, Animas, Santa Fe, and Socorro, New Mexico; College Station, Balmorehea, and Galveston, Texas; Powdersville, Montana; Los Angeles County, California; Havana, Cuba; one male, Owen’s Lake, California, labeled ‘‘on flowers of Asclepias” (J. M. Aldrich); one male in the Loew collection bearing an orange label. The synonomy for this species has been submitted after a careful study of Townsend’s types loaned by the University of Kansas Museum. The number of orbital bristles on the types of szmalis and flavicornis is variable, even as between the two sides of the same specimen, varying from one to four. In the typical specimen best represented by kansensis there are one reclinate and two pro- clinate orbitals. It is not unusual to find specimens intermediate between typical flavicorns and rubriventris, which can not be very satisfactorily placed. In the typical flavicornis, the eye is more elongate, the frontal row is more thickly beset with bristles, no median marginals occur on the second segment of the abdomen, the hind tibia on the outside is ciliate with a complete row of short bristles interrupted by one long spine in the middle, and the specimens are usually larger in size. Owing to the confusion that has long existed between this species and rubriventris, our knowledge of the geographical distribution is limited. Specimens have been identified from Maryland, Indiana, Illinois, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mex- ico, Texas, Montana, California, and Cuba. It has not as yet been identified from the northeastern United States, Canada, or the Cen- tral American countries. Nothing is known of the host relationships. The writer found the adults abundant on the blossoms of Hrigeron in May in north central Mississippi, associated with S. trilineata. Since then it has been collected occasionally on cowpea foliage in the same locality. Dr. J. M. Aldrich reports collecting it from flowers of Asclepias in California. [ have never encountered this species resting on barren soil in the sunlight as do the other common species of the genus. In collections, males far outnumber females, very likely because the normal habitat of the mature female has not yet been discovered. 24. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you. 68 SENOTAINIA RUBRIVENTRIS Macquart Senotainia rubriventris Macquart, Dipt. Exot. Suppl., vol. 1, p. 167, 1846. Type from Galveston, Tex.—CoquituettT, U. 8. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 80, 1897.—OsxBorn, Ohio Naturalist, vol. 7, p. 38, 1906.— Situ, Ins. of New Jersey, p. 778, 1909.—JoHunson, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 32, 1913.—WattTon, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 48, p. 182, 1914—Aupricu, An. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 8, p. 82, 1915—RzEINHARD, Ent. News, vol. 30, p. 284, 1919.—Brimury, Ent. News, vol. 33, p. 25, 1922. Miltogramma decisa TOWNSEND, Ent. News, vol. 3, p. 81, 1892. Male.—¥ront at narrowest 0.25 of head width (measurements of four as follows: 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.26); frontal vitta brown, at base of antennae scarcely twice width of lowest ocellus, widening to two and one-half times width of parafrontal at ocellar triangle; one reclinate and two proclinate orbital bristles; front nearly destitute of bristly hairs; vibrissae length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin, separated by distance equal to one and one-half times second antennal joint; facial ridges bare excepting one or two small bristles above the vibrissae; region lateral to vibrissae without scat- tered bristly hairs; antennae yellow, extending three-fourths distance to vibrissae; third joint one and one-half to two times as long as the second; arista thickened on basal two-fifths, penultimate joint as broad as long; parafacials bare; palpi yellow; in profile, bucca one- tenth to one-twenty-fifth eye height and distinctly narrower than parafacials; eye more than half as wide as high. Thorax gray pol- linose over black, with three narrow median vittae; two strong sternopleural bristles present and four postsutural dorsocentrals of which the anterior two are small or absent altogether; scutellum with three pairs of marginals of equal size. Abdomen with intermediate segments and lateral posterior part of first, rufous, the remainder of the first and the fourth black, frequently with a dorsal triangle of black on intermediate segments, last three segments thinly whitish pollinose; second segment bearing a median marginal pair of bristles, third and fourth each with a marginal row of about eight. Genitalia (pl. 2, fig. 8) black, with the appearance, in repose, of being too large to fit into tip of abdomen; inner forceps shining black, moderately short and blunt, with sharp, stout tips, united to apex save for minute apical cleft, in profile, convex on outside, nearly straight inside; outer forceps brown, distinctly shorter than the inner pair, strongly rounded over at the tip into a rather bluntly-pointed hook, directed cephalad like the inner forceps; sides of fifth sternite with angular apex and bearing appressed, bristly black hairs to the tip. Legs black; middle tibia with a single bristle on outside near the middle; hind tibia with a row of four unequal bristles on outside, not extending far beyond middle; hind femur without villosity on inner proximal ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 25 surface. Wings without costal spine; third vein with one to two small bristles at its base. Female.—Front at narrowest 0,25 of head width (measurements of five as follows: 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.26); otherwise except for usual sexual differences of pulvilli and genitalia, like the male. Length, 3.5 to 6 mm. This species is well represented by both males and females in all collections examined by me. Redescribed from a long series of specimens from the following localities: Massachusetts; Button Woods, Rhode Island; Lahaway, Ocean County, Ocean Grove, New Jersey; Chesapeake Beach, Plummer Island, Maryland; San- dusky, Cincinnati, Blackhand, Ohio; Lafayette, Plymouth, Michigan City, Indiana; Raleigh, Laurel Hill, North Carolina; Georgia; Miami, White Sulphur Springs, Florida; Holly Springs, Starkville, McHenry, Ocean Springs, Mississippi; College Station, Texas; Colorado; Socorro, New Mexico; Ormsby County, Nevada; Clare- mont County, California; Moscow, Julietta, Idaho; Owl Creek Mountains, Wyoming; Umatilla, Oregon; Sea Cliff, Long Island, labeled ‘‘on beach and salt grass”; Koebler, New Mexico, labeled ‘“Webster No. 7707,’ (W. R. Walton); one female labeled ‘ Parker Note No. 18” and another female, ‘Parker Note No. 27”; one female, reared from nest of Bicyrtes quadrifasciata, Adaton, Missis- sippi, Aug., 1922, and several males from flowers of Hrigeron, Agri- cultural and Mechanical College, Mississippi (H. W. Allen). The puparium possesses the following characters: Yellowish-brown in color, with small, backwardly-directed spines encircling the anterior part ot the thoracic segments, but limited to ventral parts of ad- dominal segments; anal segment without well-developed spines above the depression; from lateral view, broadest at middle, the dorsal and ventral margins convex; anterior spiracle with six papillae ; anal depression moderately deep. This species has been identified by the writer from many localities ranging from Massachusetts, Idaho, and Oregon on the north, to Florida, Texas, and California, indicating that it is generally dis- tributed throughout continental United States. It has been reported in literature from Canada, certain islands of the West Indies, and Mexico, but it should be remembered that other nearly related species have long been confused with this form, hence such records must necessarily be verified before being accepted. The published records relating to the biology of this species are few and those we have are open to doubt as to the correctness of determination. Professor Osborn’s interesting notes on wasp-trailing flies '* probably refer to rubriventris, though they may be referable 18 Ohio Naturalist. vol. 7, no. 2, p. 38. 26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 to other species of the rubrwentris group known to be present in the Great Lakes region. The writer has taken the female in midsummer, on sandy, barren spots in open pasture, and the males in large numbers on the flowers of Erigeron, in early spring. One adult has been reared from nests of Bicyrtes quadrifasciatus stocked with Heteropteron nymphs, from Adaton, Miss. The latter record is by Melander and Brues, who state that the adult fly chooses “the moment when the incoming bee pauses at her threshold, quickly and quietly to oviposit on her pollen mass and thus infect her offspring.” This species has also been observed hovering over the burrows of Chlorion atratum Lepeletier while the latter was digging in sand * and Adams is credited with the observation that the larvae of Chlorion ichneu- moneum are devoured by the Metopia maggots.*® Bezzi states that in Europe, M. leucocephala has been reared from Bembiz, Halictus and Philanthus.* METOPIA OPACA, new species Male.—Front 0.39 of head width (measurements of five 0.37, 0.38, 0.40, 0.40, 0.40); vertex and upper part of parafrontals dull black, sharply defined from the dull leaden gray pollen of the anterior portion of parafrontals which is continuous down over face and bucca; frontal vitta black, not obliterated anteriorly, but narrowed to near base of antennae where it is nearly as wide as ocellar triangle, at level of lowest orbitals it is third width of parafrontal; about eleven bristles in frontal row which extends to below insertion of arista, 25 Ridel, Allg. Zeitsch. f. Ent., vol. 6, p. 152. 26 Biol. Bull., no 5, p. 20, 1903. 27 Adams, Ill. Nat. Hist. Surv. Bull., no. 11, p. 195, 1915. 23 Rau and Rau, Wasp Studies Afield, p. 197, 1918. 29 Bezzi and Stein, Kat. Pal. Dipt., vol. 3, p. 511, 1907. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 51 widely divergent below, with an irregular group of several bristles within its angle of divergence, two bristles near middle of frontal row much larger than those on either side; one to three or more proclinate and about the same number of reclinate orbitals inserted irregularly on that part of parafrontal devoid of pollen; vertex and upper part of front thickly black setulose, pollinose part of front sparsely so; antennae black, third joint seven times length of second; arista thickened on basal two-fifths; parafacials densely black setulose on upper half, with usual row of stout bristles extending downward to level of uppermost bristle on facial ridge; in profile, buccal width much greater than that of parafacials at narrowest and equals one- fourth eye height, front projects for distance nearly equal to hori- zontal eye diameter; palpi black, larger than the thickened part of arista. Thorax gray pollinose merging with bronze on mesonotum and scutellum, with four black vittae of about equal width, the inner par divergent posteriorly and terminating at transverse suture. Abdomen densely gray pollinose, tinged with bronze on notum; pollen of first three segments interrupted by transverse rows of two to three large black spots, which on the intermediate segments coalesce in the form of a letter ‘‘E,” last segment polished black on apical third; first two segments with strong median marginal bristles, third with a strong median marginal pair and one or two pairs of strong laterals which fail to complete an uninterrupted marginal row, fourth with the usual marginal row. Wings subhyaline; hind cross-vein oblique to section of fourth vein before the bend, parallel to section beyond bend; third vein bristly more than half way to small cross-vein. Fore tarsus without conspicuous long bristly hairs on the side; middle tibia with one prominant bristle on outer front side beyond middle; hind tibia on outside with row of about twelve uneven bristles extending from base to apex. Female.—Not known. Length, 6.5 to 7.0 mm. Type.—Male. Cat. No. 28153, U.S.N.M. Range.—Oregon, Montana, Ontario. Host relationships —Unknown. Described from the following material: three, including the type, Marshfield, Oregon, VI-27 (J. M. Aldrich); one, Marshfield, Oregon, VI-28 (J. M. Aldrich); one, Summit Station, Montana, 5,200 feet, VII-25 (J. M. Aldrich); all in the National Museum: one, Ottawa, Ontario, 26-VII-1924 (C. H. Curran), in the Canadian National Collection. The male closely resembles leucocephala in the rather striking, conical-shaped head. It may be readily separated, however, by its peculiar leaden pollinose front and the greater width of the frontal vitta anteriorly. It may be possible that females have been placed 52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 with leucocephala, since the only differences detected in those two species occurs in a region markedly different in the two sexes. METOPIA CAMPESTRIS (Fallén) Tachina campestris FALLEN, Dipt. suec. Musc., col. 8, p. 12, 1820.—Brzz1 and Srein, Kat. Pal. Dipt., vol. 3, pp. 510-511, 1907. Contains many references in European literature for which there is not space in this paper. Tachina amabilis MricEn, Syst. Beschr., vol. 4, pp. 374, 232, 1834. Ophelia cinerea RoBINEAU-DeEsvorpy, Myod., p. 121, 1830. Ophelia gracilis Roptnrnau-Desvoipy, Myod., p. 121, 1830. Ophelia lutescens Ropineau-Desvoipy, Myod., p. 121, 1830. Metopia flavescens Macquart, Soc. Sci. Lille, 1833, p. 285, 1834. Metopia crassicornis Perris, Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1852, p. 63. Metopia staegeri RonvANI, Dipt. Ital. Prodr., vol. 3, p. 210, 1859. Ophelia caesia Ropinnau-Desvorpy, Dipt. Envr. Paris, vol. 2, p. 96, 1863. Ophelia demissa Ropinpau-Desvoipy, Dipt. Envr. Paris, vol. 2, p. 98, 1863. Male.—Front at narrowest 0.30 of head width (measurements of five 0.29, 0.30, 0.30, 0.30, 0.31); front, face, and bucca gray pollinose with dark reflections when viewed from below; inner orbits strongly approximated at base of antennae, diverging widely towards vertex and bucca; frontal vitta black, diverging moderately toward the rear, about twice width of either parafrontal at level of lowest orbitals; about ten bristles in frontal row, which extends to middle of second antennal joint; parafrontals moderately pilose, with the black bristly hairs extending downward to insertion of arista; vibrissae level with front edge of oral margin; facial ridges with two or three bristles not extending above the lowest fourth; antennae black, extending to half the length of second antennal joint from vibrissae; third joint five to seven times as long as the second; arista thickened on basal two-fifths; in profile, bueca equals one-eighth eye height and is subequal to para- facials at narrowest point, front projects about one-third eye diam- eter; parafacials bare save for row of strong macrochaetae extending downwards to level of uppermost bristles on facial ridges; palpi black, much larger than thickened part of arista. Thorax thinly gray pollinose over black, with two narrow median and two broad lateral vittae before the transverse suture, and three broad vittae behind the suture which are obscurely continuous over the scutellum ; the apical and lateral pairs of marginal scutellar bristles equal and both smaller than the intermediate marginal pair; small preapicals present. Abdomen shining black, with broad, reflecting, bronze- tinged gray pollinose bands on basal two-thirds of the last three seg- ments; intermediate segments with a median vitta and usually with large \Y-shaped indentations in the pollinose bands on either side, when viewed from rear; first and second segments each with a strong median marginal pair of bristles; third and fourth each with unin- terrupted marginal row of about ten bristles. Genitalia (pl. 1, fig. 2) black; in repose extruding but slightly from the fourth abdominal ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 53 segment; first genital segment nearly bare save for subapical row of small bristly hairs; second genital segment and the base of inner forceps densely covered with fine bristly hairs; inner forceps in lateral view tapering somewhat abruptly to the middle and then more gradually to nearly straight, strong tips: from the rear the claws appear conical and are mederately divergent from near the base; outer forceps yellowish, shorter than the mner pair, with spoon- shaped tips; fifth sternite enlarged and possessing a broad U-shaped cleft. Wings hyaline; fourth vein beyond the bend moderately arcuate, nearly parallel to hind cross-vein; last section of fifth vein distinctly less than half the preceding section; third vein bristly at least half way to the small cross-vein. Legs black; first four joints of front tarsus with several long slender erect hairs on outside (pl. 3, fig. 19); middle tibia near its middle with encircling ring of one weak and two strong macrochaetae; hind tibia on outside with a row of unequal bristles extending from base to apex. Female.—Front at narrowest 0.36 of head width (measurements of five 0.35, 0.35, 0.36, 0.37, 0.39); inner orbits nearly straight and parallel, scarcely more nearly approximated at base of antennae than elsewhere; third joint of antennae five to six times length of second. Fore tarsus without long erect hairs on the outside. Other- wise, save for the usual differences of external genitalia, like the male. ~ Length, 5.0 to 6.5 mm. Range.—Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Con- necticut, New York, New Jersey, Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Colorado, Idaho, California, Kurope. Host relationships.—Unknown. I have examined material from the following localities. Two specimens from Franconia, New Hampshire (C. H. T. Townsend) ; one, Lexington, Massachusetts; two, North Saugus, Massachusetts (D. C. Clemons); three, Waterbury, Connecticut (C. H. T.Townsend) ; a large series from Slaterville, Duck Lake, and McLean Bogs, New York (L. S. West); two, Plummer Island, Maryland (W. L. McAtee, H. L. Vierick); two, Rock Creek, District of Columbia (C. H. T. Townsend); one, Beltsville, Maryland (N. Banks); one, Great Falls, Virginia (H. W. Allen); one, Difficult Run, and one, Dead Run, Virginia (R. C. Shannon); one, Ravensworth, Virginia (C. H. T. Townsend) ; one, Battle Creek, Michigan (J. M. Aldrich); three, Polk County, Wisconsin (Baker); two, Peaceful Valley, Colorado (Cockerell) ; one, Tennessee Pass, Colorado, three, L. Metigoshe, Turtle Mountains, North Dakota, one, Moscow, Idaho, and one, Mount Lowe, California (J. M. Aldrich); one, Humboldt County, California (H..S. Barber) ; all in the collection of the National Museum. In the collection of the Boston Natural History Society, I have seen specimens from several 54 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 places in Massachusetts; Mount Desert Island, Machias, Northeast Harbor, Maine; Manchester, Vermont: In Dr. C. W. Johnson’s collection, specimens from Pennsylvania and New Jersey: In the collection at the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, Massachusetts, a long series from Vermont, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and several localities in Virginia: In the collection of Prof. J. S. Hine, one specimen from Wauseon, and another from Johnson’s Island, Ohio: In my collection, specimens from Lunenburg and Amherst, Massachusetts; Shenadoah River, Clarke County, and Great Falls, Virginia; and Columbus, Ohio. European specimens determined by Professor Bezzi and deposited in the National Museum, I have examined and find to differ from the North American specimens only in possessing several rather weak marginal macrochaetae on the first and second abdominal segments lateral to the strong median marginal pairs. This in my opinion is not of sufficient significance to be considered a specific difference. The identity of the American species with the European campestris was pointed out to me by Dr. J. M. Aldrich. In this country it has long been confused with lewcocephala. Apparently Thompson had campestris in mind in his short paper on M. lateralis,*° but a careful comparison with the description of Macquart indicates that the latter refers to another species. The synonomy submitted is after Bezzi and Stein; the types have not been examined by me. METOPIA INERMIS, new species Male.—Front in the single specimen measured 0.32 of head width; front, face and bucca gray pollinose; frontal vitta black, at lowest orbitals twice width of parafrontal; about ten bristles in frontal row which extends to middle of second antennal joint, with one or two bristles in the angle of divergence; parafrontals with sparse black bristly hairs to insertion of arista; facial ridges with two or three bristles not extending above the lowest fourth; antennae black, third joint three times length of second; arista thickened on basal third, penultimate joint slightly longer than broad; in profile, bucca wider than parafacials at narrowest and equal to one-sixth eye height, front projects forward from eye for distance greater than one-third horizontal eye diameter; palpi black, distinctly larger than thickened part of arista. Thorax gray pollinose, notum black, subshining, with four broad black vittae; scutellum with the intermediate marginal bristles larger than the equal apical and lateral pairs; small preapicals present. Abdomen black; last three segments with black polished apices and densely gray pollinose bases, the intermediate segments each marked with a series of three triangular spots coalesced at apex 30 Canad. Ent., vol. 43, pp. 313-314, 1911, ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 55 in form of a trident, pollen not tessellated or changing color when rotated in the light; first segment without apical marginals, second with a strong pair, third with an apical pair and several laterals, which are nearly as strong as the median marginals, not completing an uninterrupted marginal row. Genitalia, in repose, not extruding beyond tip of abdomen; both genital segments black. Wings hyaline; last section of hind cross vein sinuous and strongly oblique to section of fourth vein before the bend, parallel to section beyond the bend; third vein bristly more than half way to small cross vein. Legs black; fore tarsus without conspicuous long bristly hairs on outside; middle tibia with one rather weak bristle on outside beyond middle but lacking a whorl of three at this place; hind tibia on outside with ~ row of about ten unequal bristles extending from base to apex. Female.—Front in one specimen measured 0.34 of head width; frontal vitta at level of lowest orbitals one and one-half times width of parafrontal; third antennal joint four times length of second; buccal width one-ninth eye height. Last three abdominal segments with broadly polished apices, trident-shaped marks indistinct. Hind tibia on outside with seven bristles. Otherwise, except for usual differences of genitalia, like the male. Length, 5.0 to 6.0 mm. Type and allotype.—Cat. No. 28154 U.S.N.M. Range.—Utah, Maryland. Host relationships. —Unknown. Described from the two specimens—the male type from Soldier’s Summit, Utah, 7,454 feet, July 6 (J. M. Aldrich) and female allotype from Chesapeake Beach, Maryland, August 19, 1919 (J. M. Aldrich). The female exhibits minor variations from the male, but possibly not more than might be explained by the wide difference in habitat. It is at least much more nearly related to the type of inermis than to any other North American species studied. From the closely related campestris, this species may be readily distinguished by the shorter third antennal joint, and by the lack of median marginal bristles on the first abdominal segment, the lack of an encircling whorl of three bristles on the middle tibia and the absence of conspicuous bristly hairs on the outside of the fore tarsus. METOPIA TESSELLATA, new species Male.—Front 0.34 of head width (measurements of three 0.33, 0.34, 0.36); front and face gray pollinose with dark reflections; vitta black or brown, at level of lowest orbital bristles three to five times width of parafrontal; parafrontals sparsely black setulose to below uppermost macrochaetae of parafacial row; antennae black, third joint five to six times length of second; arista thickened on basal third; in profile, bucca wider than parafacials at narrowest, and 56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 equal to one-eighth eye height, front projects slightly more than one- third eye width; palpi black, of normal size. Thorax gray pollinose tinged with brown on notum, with four broad black vittae, the out- side pair of which extend to scutellum, inner pair not extending beyond transverse suture. Abdomen black, somewhat flattened dorsoven- trally; intermediate segments pollinose to apices, pollen strongly tessellated, changing abruptly from bronze to gray when rotated in the light, last segment pollinose on basal two-thirds; first segment without macrochaetae, second with a strong median marginal pair, third with a strong median marginal pair and several distinctly weaker ones on either side, in some specimens forming an uninter- rupted marginal row, fourth with marginal row of bristles which increase gradually in size towards the median dorsal line. Wings subhyaline; hind cross vein straight and nearly perpendicular to fourth vein, which it joins almost halfway between its bend and the small cross vein; Third vein bristly nearly to small cross vein. Tarsus of fore leg slender, without conspicuous long bristly hairs on the outside; middle tibia with one small bristle on outer front side beyond middle but lacking an encircling whorl of three at this place; hind tibia on outside with a row of about nine unequal bristles extending from base to apex. Female.—Front at narrowest 0.40 of head width (measurements of six 0.37, 0.37, 0.41, 0.41, 0.42, 0.42). Otherwise, except for the usual differences in genitalia, like the male. Length, 5.5 to 7.0 mm. Type.—Male, Hinckley, Ohio, VI-29-’01 (J. S. Hine) in the col- lection of Professor Hine. Allotype——Female, Hinckley, Medina County, Ohio, VI-29-’01 (J.S. Hine), also in the collection of Professor Hine. Range.-—Maine, Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, Maryland, Virginia. Host relationships —Unknown. Described from the following material: in the collection of Pro- fessor Hine; one male and one female from Hinckley, Ohio: in the collection of Dr. C. W. Johnson; one male, Machias, Maine, VII-21 (C. W. Johnson); one female, New Bedford, Massachusetts; two females, Chester, Massachusetts, VII-25-’12 (C. W. Johnson); in the collection of J. R. Malloch, one male, Glen Echo, Maryland, Aug. 21, 1923 (J. R. Malloch): in the collection of R. C. Shannon, one female, Renwick, Ithaca, New York, 19-VIII-’21 (L. S. West); in my collection, one female, Great Falls, Virginia, 15—VIII. This species very closely resembles inermis from which it can be distinguished by the greater length of the third antennal joint, the wider frontal vitta, the distinctly tessellated and more extensively pollinose abdomen and the presence of a perpendicular hind cross ART, 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 57 vein. From campestris it may be readily distinguished by the absence of median marginal bristles on the first abdominal segment, the absence of a distinct whorl of three bristles on the middle tibia beyond the middle, in the comparatively weaker development of macro- chaetae on the third abdominal segment laterad of the median mar- ginal pair and in the presence of the perpendicular hind cross vein. Male differs further in having no conspicuous long bristly hairs on the side of the fore tarsus. METOPIA LATEROPILI, new species Male.—Front at narrowest 0.325 of the head width (measurements of two 0.31 and 0.34, respectively); front and face silvery pollinose with dark reflections toward vertex; inner orbits most nearly approxi- mated at base of antennae, diverging slightly toward vertex, widely towards bucca, with a concavity to accommodate the bulging para- facials; frontal vitta black, pollinose anteriorly, diverging slightly to middle, thence with parallel sides to vertex, width at lowest orbitals one and one-half to two times that of either parafrontal; about ten bristles in frontal row which closely borders the vitta, upper five or six bristles much the smallest; front with sparse black bristly hairs outside the frontal rows; vibrissae at level of front edge of oral margin; antennae black, extending to one-half length of its second joint from vibrissae, third joint four to five times as long as the second; arista thickened on basal two-fifths; parafacials bare save for row of strong bristles near facial ridges extending downward to level of uppermost bristles of the facial ridges; in profile, buccal width equals parafacials at narrowest, and is approximately one-tenth the eye height; front projects one-third the horizontal eye diameter; palpi yellow, filiform, and distinctly more slender than the thickened part of arista. Thorax thinly pollinose over shining black, notum bronzed and obscurely marked with three narrow median and two broad lateral vittae; scutellum uniformly bronze pollinose, with three pairs of nearly equal marginal bristles, no distinct preapicals. Abdomen black, without red or yellow spots on the sides, last three segments with gray pollinose bands on the basal two-thirds which are divided by an indistinct black vitta on the intermediate segments; second and third segments each with a median marginal pair of bristles, fourth segment with a marginal row of about eight. Genitalia small, black, in repose not extruding from the tip of the abdomen. Wings sub- hyaline; section of fourth vein beyond the bend slightly arcuate, oblique to hind cross vein; last section of fifth vein nearly half as long as preceding section; third vein bristly more than half way to small cross vein. Legs black; fore tarsus with several long slender erect hairs on the sides of the second, third, and fourth joints, fourth jot not conspicuously reduced; middle tibia lacking bristles on 58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM You. 68 front side near middle; hind tibia on outside with row of about five uneven bristles extending from base to apex. Female.—Front at narrowest 0.346 of head width (measurements of three 0.33, 0.35, and 0.36); fore tarsus lacking the long erect hairs on the outside. Otherwise, except for usual differences of genitalia, like the male. Length, 4 to 5 mm. Type, Allotype, and Paratypes—Cat. No. 28155, U.S.N.M. Range.—Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico, Cuba. Host relationships.—Unknown. Described from two males (one type) and four females (one allo- type) Havana, Cuba (Baker); one male, Shreveport, Louisiana, July 3, 1890 (F. W. Mally); one male, Kennedy, Texas, May 4, 1896 (Marlatt); and one male, Las Vegas, New Mexico, Aug. 17 (Barber and Schwarz); all in the National Museum. The female of this species and of M. lateralis are sometimes diffi- cult to separate since the presence of red or yellow on the sides of the abdomen and the color of the palpi seems to be a rather variable character. Males, however, are readily separated on the ornamenta- tion of the fore tarsus. METOPIA LATERALIS (Macquart) Degeeria lateralis Macquart, Dipt. Exot. Suppl., vol. 3, p. 208, pl. 5, fig. 6, 1847. From North America. Metopia lateralis CoquittueTt, U. S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 127, 1897. As synonym of leucocephala.—Aupricu, Cat. N. A. Dipt., p. 476, 1905. Questions whether equals lewcocephala.—Brzzt and STEIN, Kat. Pal. Dipt., vol. 3, p. 512, 1907. Synonym of leucocephala. Parametopia morrisoni TowNsEND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 49, p. 619, 1914. Male.—Front at narrowest 0.34 of head width (measurements of five 0.32, 0.32, 0.33, 0.35, 0.36) ; frontal vitta black, broadening slightly toward the rear, at middle more than twice as wide as either para- frontal; parafrontals gray to golden pollinose; frontal row with nine to eleven bristles extending to slightly below base of second antennal joint; numerous small black bristly hairs on front, more plentiful near base of antennae; vibrissae near oral margin; antennae black, extending to length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; third joint four to five times as long as second; arista thick- ened on basal two-fifths, with short pubescence in middle; palpi smaller than thickened part of arista, filiform and usually black; in profile, front projects forward about one-fourth horizontal diameter of eye, bucca equals one-fifteenth of eye height; parafacials gray pollinose, bare save for the usual row of strong macrochaetae near the facial ridges which extend downward more than half way to vibris- sae, but usually not reaching the level of the uppermost bristles of the ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 59 facial ridges. Thorax gray pollinose, golden tinged, with three nar- row, black median and two broad lateral vittae; scutellum with three pairs of marginal bristles of about equal size. Abdomen biack, with a large yellowish spot extending over the sides of the first two and sometimes the third segments; basal two-thirds of last three segments gray pollinose when viewed from rear, the gray interrupted by black median dorsal Y-shaped emarginations; first segment usually lacking macrochaetae, second and third each with a median marginal pair, fourth with a marginal row of about eight. Genital segments black, subshining, sparsely covered with black bristly hairs; in repose, retracted within the last abdominal segment; inner forceps small, black, densely covered at base with fine black hair, claws tapering to slender curving points, divergent at tips, and when viewed from the rear display no angle on the outside near the base; outer forceps brown, shining, larger and stouter than the inner pair; anterior claspers unusually long, more slender than the largest of the abdominal bristles, curved forward and slightly enlarged at the extreme tip. Wings hyaline; fourth vein veyond the bend slightly arcuate and nearly parallel to hind cross-vein; third vein with a row of small bristles, extending in some specimens more than half way to small cross- vein. Legs black, trochanters and frequently the upper part of femora yellow; second, third, and fourth joints of fore tarsus each with an erect bristly hair on the upper surface; fourth joint much reduced; middle tibia lacking macrochaetae on outer front side near the middle; hind tibia on outside with an uneven row of five to nine bristles extending from base to apex. Female.—Front at narrowest 0.33 of head width (measurements of three 0.31, 0.33, 0.35 respectively); frontal vitta polimose, nearly concolorous with parafrontals. Genitalia nonpiercing, in repose inconspicuously telescoped within the fourth abdominal segment. Length 3.5 to 6.0 mm. Specimens have been examined in the collections of the National Museum, Nathan Banks, and the writer, from the following localities: One female, White Mountains, New Hampshire (Morrison), type of Parametopia morrisoni Townsend; one male, Melrose Highlands, Massachusetts, July 31, and one female, West Springfield, Massachu- setts, July 13, 1915 (H. E. Smith); two males and two females, Lafayette, Indiana; one male, Columbus, Ohio, Aug. 4, 1921 (H. W. A.); one male, New York, late July; one male, Linnieville, Maryland, July 4, 1913, and one female, Cabin John, Maryland (R. C. Shannon) ; one female, Rock Creek, District of Columbia (C. H. T. Townsend) ; three males, Chain Bridge, Virginia, August 12, 1923 (H. W. A.); eight females and two males, Fall Church, Virginia (N. Banks); one female, Lawrence, Kansas; one female, Birmingham, Alabama, June 4, 1917 (J. M. Aldrich); one male, Agricultural and Mechanical 60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 College, Mississippi, April 23, 1921, and two females, Meridian, Mississippi, Sept. 38, 1922 (H. W. Allen); one female, White Springs, Florida, Oct. 17 (C. H. T. Townsend); one female labeled ‘‘ Parker Note no. 45,” from Brookland, District of Columbia. The type not seen and its present Jocation not known to me. Marquart describes the species as having the sides of the abdomen rufous, and the palpi black, a combination of characters present in the above specimens but not found in any of the other North American species known to me. This common species has been long confused with leucocephala and campestris. In his Revision of the Tachinidae, Coquillett considers it synonymous with the former.*! Somewhat later, Thompson ” pointed out characters distinguishing it from leucocephala but failed to distinguish Jateralis and campestris. The known range of lateralis covers a large part of the eastern United States from New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Indiana, and eastern Kansas to Mississippi and northern Florida. It has also been reported in Quebec.* Adults of this species occur quite abun- dantly in sunlit spots, on the foliage of low shrubs and herbaceous plants, in open deciduous forest, or flying about just above the ground covering of dead leaves. It has also been taken, with other Milto- gramminae, in sandy spots in open grassy pasture. Nathan Banks reports having collected it frequently feeding on honeydew on the dead leaves and low foliage under tulip tree, and the writer has taken it under the same conditions. METOPIA SINIPALPIS, new species Male.—Front at narrowest 0.33 of the head width (measurements of five 0.29, 0.33, 0.34, 0.35, 0.36); frontal vitta black, pollinose anteriorly, with sides parallel except near base of antennae, at lowest orbitals three to four times as wide as either parafrontal; parafrontals somewhat golden pollinose, with dark reflections when viewed from the front; nine to eleven bristles in the frontal row which extends to slightly below base of second antennal joint; a few black bristly hairs on parafrontals, more abundant at the extreme front, not extending below the upper half of the parafacials; vibrissae level with front edge of oral margin; facial ridges with three small bristles on the lowest fourth; antenna black, extending to less than length of its second joint above front edge of oral margin, third joint three or four times as long as the second; arista thickened on basal one-fourth; parafacials with a row of macrochaetae near the facial ridges, which extend from the base of the third antennal joint to level of the upper- most bristle of the facial ridge; in profile, bucca scarcely one-twelfth eye height; proboscis scarcely one-half head height; palpi lacking, 31 U.S. Bur. Ent. Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 127, 1897. 33 Ent. Soc. Ont. Rept., 1922, p. 69. 32 Canad. Ent., vol. 43, p. 318, 1911. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 61 or at most represented by rudimentary stubs. Thorax gray pollinose over black, the notum subshining, distinctly tinged with bronze, with three narrow median and two broad lateral vittae, the lateral one extending beyond the transverse suture; scutellum with three pairs of marginal bristles of about equal size. Abdomen black, broadly yellow on the sides of the first three segments, last three segments gray pollinose except for the narrow apices which are shining black, and a narrow dorsal vitta on the second and third segments; first segment without bristles, second and third segments each with a strong median marginal pair, third sometimes with a weak lateral bristle, fourth with a marginal row of six to eight bristles. Genitalia black; first genital segment slightly larger than the second; the subdiscal part of the first, the second and the base of the inner forceps clothed with black hairs somewhat finer than those of the abdomen; two small apical bristles on the first segment; inner forceps expanded laterally into a small but distinct angle near the base, plainly seen from the rear; anterior claspers extremely long, boomer- ang-shaped, not expanded at the tip, much stouter than the abdom- inal macrochaetae. Wings hyaline; section of fourth vein beyond bend moderately arcuate and nearly parallel with hind cross vein; last section of fifth vein less than half as long as preceding section; third vein bristly more than half way to small cross vein. Legs black, the trochanters, upper half of the femora and the front tibia usually yellow; front tarsus without conspicuous bristles or long hairs; middle tibia lacking bristles on outer front side near middle; hind tibia on outside with four or five bristles extending beyond the middle. Female.—Front at narrowest 0.32 of head width (measurements of four 0.31, 0.32, 0.32, 0.33, respectively). Otherwise like the male except for the usual differences in external genitalia. Length, 4.5 to 6.0 mm. Described from the following material. In the collection of the National Museum, one male, North Wilbraham, Massachusetts, Aug. 15, 1916 (D. A. Ricker); one male and four females from Lafayette, Indiana, one male, Chesapeake Beach, Maryland, June 21, 1923 (J. M. Aldrich); one female, Cupid’s Bower Island, Maryland, July 8, 1915 (R. C. Shannon); one male, Chain Bridge, Virginia (H. W. A.); one male, Onaga, Kansas; one female, Opelousas, Louisiana, May, 1897. From Glen Echo, Maryland, one male, July 1, 1923, one male, August 10, 1923, one male, Aug. 21, 1923, one male and one female, Aug. 30, 1923, in the collection of J. R. Malloch. One male, Fort Andrews, Ohio, June 10-12, 1902; one male, Vinton, Ohio, June 5-12, 1900; two females, Cincinnati, Ohio; two from Hinkley, Medina County, Ohio; one from Wauseon, Ohio, Sept. 2, 1902; in the collection of Prof. J.S. Hine. One male, Dead Run, Fairfax County, 62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 Virginia, June 16 (N. Banks); one female, Falls Church, Virginia, Sept. 10 (N. Banks); and one male, North Wilbraham, Massachusetts, Aug. 15, 1916 (D. A. Ricker); all in collection of Nathan Banks. Two males and one female, Chain Bridge, Virginia, Aug. 12, 1923 (H. W. Allen); one male and one female, Great Falls, Virginia; in my collection. Type and allotype—Cat. No. 28156 U.S.N.M., Chain Bridge, Virginia, August 12 (male type) (H. W. Allen); July 6 (allotype) (J. M. Aldrich). The present known range of this species is from Massachusetts, Indiana, and eastern Kansas southward to Virginia and Louisiana. The writer has found the adults common on the high rocky bluffs of the Potomac River, where they may be found on low foliage, in sunlit spots, in open deciduous forest. In the same region they are not commonly encountered in open fields, either on vegetation or denuded ground. However, one specimen from Massachusetts, collected by D. A. Ricker, is labeled ‘clover.’ Another specimen examined, collected by Doctor Aldrich is tabeled “prey of Laphria canis.’ The host relationships of M/. sinipalpis are not known. METOPIA PERPENDICULARIS Van der Wulp *Metopia perpendicularis VAN DER Wutp, Biol. Cent. Amer., Dipt. vol. 2, p. 115, 1891. The type, a female specimen from Mexico in the British Museum, not seen by me. From the description and figures, it is recognized as a species of Metopia distinct from the others described in this paper. It appears to resemble, rather closely, campestris and inermis, from which it is readily distinguished by the perpendicular hind cross vein and the more prominent front. Genus SPHENOMETOPA Townsend. Sphenometopa TOWNSEND, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 51, p. 64, 1908. Genotype, Araba nebulosa Coquillett—CogutLLeTT, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 37, p. 607, 1910. Eumetopia BRAvER and BERGENSTAMM, Zweifl. d. Kaiserl. Mus., vol. 56, p. 114, 1889. Preoccupied in Rhyncophora. Euaraba TowNSEND, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 28, p. 20,1915. Geno- type, Araba tergata Coquillett. Arabiopsis TOWNSEND, Can. Ent., vol. 47, p. 285, 1915. Genotype, Arabi- opsis cocklei Townsend. Araba of AutHors not Robineau-Desvoidy, CoquituertT, U. 8S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., no. 7, p. 127, 1897.—Brzzi and Stein, Kat. Pal. Dipt., vol. 3, p. 508, 1907.—Apams, in Williston’s Manual of N. Amer. Dipt., p. 375, 1908. The genus Araba was proposed by Robineau-Desvoidy in 1830, Myodaires (p. 127), to include several species, no genotype being designated. In 1863, Diptéres des Environs de Paris (vol. 2, p. 88), ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 63 he slightly modified the name Araba to Arabella, for the sake of euphony, and designated Tachina argyrocephala Meigen, the third of the originally included species, as the genotype. Since argyrocephala is a synonym of lewcocephala, the genotype of Metopia, Araba becomes a synonym of Metopia. This synonomy, rather vaguely defined by Coquillett, in his 1910 paper on type species, was recently clearty pointed out to me by Dr. J. M. Aldrich, in correspondence. While the type of Araba is unquestionably a Metopia, certain species for- merly placed in this genus are certainly distinct from Metopia. Eumetopia, proposed by Brauer and Bergenstamm in 1899, is pre- occupied. Sphenometopa, proposed by Townsend in 1908, for Araba nebulosa Coquillett, appears to be the earliest valid name. After an examination of types, I am of the opinion that Huaraba and Arabiopsis are congeneric with Sphenometopa. The European fastuosa Meigen also belongs here. The characters of this genus based on a study of the European species, fastuosa Meigen and three North American species are as follows. Front wider in female than in male; frontal vitta much wider than parafrontals, setulose or hairy on the sides, between the frontal rows and below the ocellar triangle; ocellar bristles very weak or absent; a single frontal row on either side of frontal vitta, descending at least to middle of second antennal joint; orbital bristles present in both sexes; antennae extending nearly to vib- rissae; penultimate joint of arista not more than twice as long as wide; facial ridges with strong macrochaetae extending more than half way from vibrissae to base of antennae; head length at vibrissae much less than at base of antennae; parafacials without macro- chaetae; proboscis stout and distinctly shorter than head height; no pale hairs at the sides or back of the oral cavity. Thorax with three strong postsutural dorsocentral bristles and two sternopleurals. Intermediate abdominal segments without even, pollinose basal bands. Male genitalia (pl. 1, fig. 4) small, and in repose, scarcely visible in profile view; female with the usual retracted nonpiercing larvipositor. Wings hyaline or with smoky spots; apical cell open and ending far before extreme tip of wing; fourth vein with fold at the bend; last section of fifth vein much less than half as long as preceding section; costal spine absent or minute; only the third vein bristly, and this at most with three to four bristles near its base. Front pulvilli of both sexes less than half as long as the last tarsal joint; basitarsus of fore leg of male (pl. 3, fig. 18) sometimes struc- turally modified or ornamented; middle tibia with a single bristle on outer front side near middle; hind tibia on outside with a row of uneven bristles extending from base to apex with one bristle near the middle much the largest. 64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you. 68 KEY TO NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF SPHENOMETOPA 1. Front at base of antennae as wide as either eye_------------------------ 2. Front at base of antenna distinctly narrower than either eye; section of fourth vein beyond the bend nearly straight; parafrontal rows not widely divergent below; male with conspicuous smoky spots in the wing, and with the basitarsus of the foreleg expanded into a large triangular seg- MGM oer eee, HS NE apg ee ee oe nas nebulosa (Coquillett). 2. Middle tibia with only a single bristle on outer hind side near middle; arista thickened tovapex: yes hee eae ee eee 4, Middle tibia on outer hind side near the middle with several bristles; arista thickened! on“basalthree=fitthsecea sae 2s he eee 3. 3. Abdomen with a broad black median vitta bordered with white pollen; basi- tarsus of foreleg bearing a conspicuous tuft of black hair. (male) cocklei (Townsend). Abdomen golden pollinose, with a pair of small bronzed spots on the sides of the first three segments; basitarsus of foreleg without ornamenta- GIO Tis See ate saree ye leans Gi ek Aint ters Spee (female) cocklei (Townsend). 4. Front, including the vitta, conspicuously silvery; thorax black and but thinly Winitishr DOMINGO sas = — fete aa te Pee (male) tergata (Coquillett). Front and thorax densely golden pollinose, frontal vitta brown. (female) tergata (Coquillett). SPHENOMETOPA TERGATA (Coquillett) Araba tergata CoquiLLEeTT, Journ. New York Ent. Soc., vol. 3, p. 103, 1895; U. S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 127, 1897.—Smiru, Ins. of New Jersey, p. 782, 1909.—THompson, Recherches sur les Diptéres Parasites, Paris Edition du Bull. Biol. de la France et de la Belgique, pp. 107-108, figs. xx x1, 116, 1921. Euaraba grisea Robineau-Desvoidy, TowNsEND, Insecutor Ins. Menst., No. 6, p. 182, 1918 (in error). In this species the front is somewhat wider than in the other two North American forms, being 0.56, 0.36, 0.36, 0.37, 0.37, with an average of 0.364 of the head width in five males, and 0.41, 0.44, 0.44, 0.44, 0.46, with average of 0.438 in five females. In the male, the inner orbits are narrower at vertex than at base of antennae; the front, including the vitta, and the face are brillant silvery pollinose; frontal vitta with barrel-shaped outline; frontal rows suddenly divergent below; two proclinate orbitals; arista short plumose, thickened almost to apex, penuitimate joint not longer than broad. Mesonotum in front of suture, and scutellum, dull black, while pleura, mesonotum behind the suture and apex of scutellum, are silvery pollinose; scutellum with two pairs of strong marginal bristles, the apicals wanting. Abdomen shining black, with silvery pollen at the lateral basal parts of the first three segments, the fourth with a band of white pollen on basal half; first segment without bristles, intermediate segments with strong median marginals, and fourth with a marginal row. Inner forceps of male genitalia (pl. 1, fig. 4) slightly divergent from near base, somewhat flattended at base, tapering gradually to slender tips, round in cross section; outer for- ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAM MINI—ALLEN 65 ceps shorter and much stouter than the inner, with broadly rounded, -spatulate tips; penis with delicate membranous hood, supported by a heavily chitinized rod which is Y-shaped in profile, one arm of the “Y” encircling the basal part of the hood anteriorly; claspers small and sharply pointed. Wings hyaline; apical cell narrowly open; section of fourth vein beyond the bend strongly arcuate; one to three bristles at base of third vein. The female differs strikingly in appearance from the male, having the frontal vitta brown and not barrel shaped in outline: a row of one reclinate and four t_ five pro- clinate orbital bristles, of which the anterior pairs are much the largest. Thorax uniformly gray pollinose with two obscure narrow median vittae; scutellum also pollinose with obscure bronzed spots at the sides; on the white pojlinose abdomen, the first three segments bear rows of sharply-defined, round, black spots, which are some- times coalesced in an apical band. Length, 3.5 to 5.5 mm. Type.—Male, Cat. No. 3631, U.S.N.M. The following material has been examined. Type, a male from Algonquin, Illinois (W. A. Nason); two other specimens from Algon- quin bearing Coquillett’s name and one specimens from Altadena, California, presumably of the type series; one, Franconia, New Hampshire (Mrs. Slosson); three, Lafayette, Indiana, two of which labeled ‘‘on log’ (J. M. Aldrich) ; fourteen, Lewiston, and one, Moscow, Idaho (J. M. Aldrich) ; one, Boulder, Colorado; one Colorado (Coquil- lett); one, Animas Park, New Mexico, 6,500 feet; all in the collection of the National Museum. One Amherst, Massachusetts, and twelve, Columbus, Ohio, taken largely from rocks in gravel pits and dumps, in the collection of the writer. Specimens from several places in Massa- chusetts, and from Hampton, New Hampshire, in the collection of the Boston Natural History Society. Specimens from New Jersey in the collection of Dr. C. W. Johnson. Several specimens from Massa- chusetts and Pennsylvania in the collection of the Museum of Com- parative Zoology at Cambridge, Massachusetts. Thompson * finds that the female reproductive apparatus of this species resembles that of the other Miltogramminae studied. In the first instar maggot, the usual longitudinal ribs or corrugations of the cuticula are lacking, and not only the anterior borders but the entire surface of the segments are interspersed with microscopic colorless scales, which under high magnification are seen to be pointed and directed backwards. The buccopharyngeal apparatus is of the same type as that found in Metopia, Miltogramma, and other nearly related genera. Grooves in the pharynx are wanting. 34 Paris Edition du Bull. Biol. de la France et de la Belgique, Recherches sur les Diptéres Parasites, p. 107, 1921. 54292—267 a 66 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 The known range of this species is from New Hampshire and Idaho to New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Colorado, and New Mexico. In Massachusetts and Ohio it is known to occur in large nambers about gravel pits, railroad and highway cuts and fills which are denuded or only scantily covered with vegetation, and strewn with rocks and cobblestones. The adults may be seen in such places, darting about just above the surface of the ground in characteristic zigzag flight, and alighting from time to time on rocks or small stones. Adults have not been taken on flowers. The host relationships of this species are not known. SPHENOMETOPA NEBULOSA (Coquillett) Araba nebulosa CoQuiLLETtT, Canad. Ent., vol. 34, p. 200, 1902. Sphenometopa nebulosa TowNsEND, Smithsonian Mise. Colls., vol. 51, p. 64, 1908. Male with the front rather narrow, being 0.25, 0.27, 0.31, with an average of 0.28 of head width; front much narrower at base of anten- nae than at vertex; frontal rows not widely divergent below base of antennae; parafrontals with row of one reclinate and two proclinate orbital bristles back of which is a tuft of erect bristly hairs; arista thickened on basal two-fifths, the penultimate joint distinctly shorter than twice the width. Thorax gray pollinose, obscurely five vittate; scutellum with three pairs of marginal bristles, of which the inter- mediate pair is much the largest; abdomen flattened dorsoventrally, truncate at apex, black overlaid with dense white pollen, with three conspicuous black spots on dorsum of each one of the first three segments sometimes coalescing apically; intermediate segments, and usually the first with a median marginal pair of bristles, fourth seg- ment with a marginal row. Wings hyaline with small but quite dis- tinct smoky spots at the apex of second vein, the bend of the fourth, the apex of the first, beyond the small cross vein and at the angle of the fifth vein and the hind cross vein, a small niveous spot at extreme tip of wing; apical cell narrowly open; last section of fourth vein straight from bend to margin of wing; one small bristle at base of third vein. Basitarsus of fore leg (pl. 3, fig. 18) conspicuously expanded ventrally into a triangular segment having pale hairs on its ventral margin. The female closely resembles the male, but its front is wider, being 0.32 and 0.34 with an average of 0.33 of head width in two specimens measured; the third antennal joint is slightly shorter, the basitarsus of the fore leg is not modified, and the infuscated spots on the wings are less conspicuous. Length, 5.0 to 5.5 mm. Material examined: type, a male from Sierra Madra, Chihuahua, Mexico, and another male from the same locality and apparently of the type series (C. H. T. Townsend); one male and one female, Florrisant, Colorado, labeled ‘‘on sand” (S. A. Rohwer); one male ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 67 and one female, Animas Pass, New Mexico, 6,500 feet; all in the collection of the National Museum. This species is a Rocky Mountain and Sierra Madra form concern- ing the biology of which very little is known. Townsend states that the Sierra Madra specimens were taken in the pine zone at about 7,000 to 7,500 feet elevation. The host relationships are not known. Two additional males collected July 25, 1925, at Summit, Montana, by J. M. Aldrich; they were found at the edge of a cascade on smooth, wet rocks in the sun. Altitude about 5,000 feet. SPHENOMETOPA COCKLEI (Townsend) Arabiopsis cocklei TOWNSEND, Canad. Ent., vol. 47, p. 286, 1915. Male.—Front at narrowest 0.34 of head width (measurements of three 0.33, 0.33 and 0.35); inner orbits much narrower at vertex than at base of antennae, with pronounced concavity to accommodate bulge in sides of front, and divergent to bucca; frontal vitta barrel- shaped in outline, at middle three to four times width of parafrontals, concolorous with parafrontals which are gray pollinose, » dark reflecting spot below the ocellar triangle on each side of the vitta; the proclinate ocellar bristles scarcely differentiated from the sur- rounding hairs; a row of about four proclinate and two reclinate orbital bristles of variable sizes; posterior part of front bare of bristly hairs; vibrissae scarcely differentiated from surrounding bristles, inserted slightly above oral margin; facial ridges divergent, with strong macrochaetae on lowest two-thirds; antenna black, extending nearly to vibrissae, third joint three to three and one- half times as long as second; arista thickened on basal three-fifths, penultimate jomt nearly twice as long as wide; in profile, width of bucca slightly greater than that of parafacials and equals one-third eye height, front projects one-half horizontal diameter of eye; parafacials setulose on upper half; bucca densely black setulose; palpi black, filiform. Thorax blue-white pollinose over dull black, with two narrow median vittae and densely covered with long bristly hairs; scutellum with three pairs of marginal bristles of which the intermediates are the longest; strong preapicals present. Ab- domen strongly flattened, truncate at apex; black, the sides densely blue-white pollinose, middle of dorsum with a broad black vitta which becomes narrower towards apex, a single pair of small bronzed spots, lateral to the vitta, on each of the intermediate segments; first two segments with two to four long median marginal bristles and one or two smaller laterals; third and fourth segments each with a marginal row. Wings slightly infuscated towards base; apical cell narrowly open at tip; last section of fifth vein not nearly half as long as preceding section; two to three bristly hairs at the base of the third vein. Legs black; basitarsus of fore leg with con- 68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 spicuous tuft of black hairs on the heel and fringing the outside; middle tibia with the usual single bristle on the outer front side near the middle and a row of four to five uneven bristles on the outer hind side. Female.—Front at narrowest 0.43 of the head width (measure- ments of two 0.42 and 0.44 respectively); front somewhat more golden pollinose, without the conspicuous dark reflections; two rather strong proclinate orbitals differentiated from the surrounding bristles and bristly hairs on the parafrontals; vibrissae at least the length of the second antennal joint above the front edge of the oral margin; third antennal joint equals two and one-half times length of second; in profile, bueca equals one-third eye height. Thorax densely golden bronze pollinose; sparsely short setulose. Abdomen black, densely covered with golden bronze pollen, without a broad black median vitta; a pair of small but distinct bronzed spots towards the sides on the first three segments, fourth pollinose to apex. Front basitarsus without modifications. Otherwise except for usual differences of genitalia, like the male. Length 5.0 to 6.0 mm. Type.—Male, Cat. No. 19554. U.S.N.M. Redescribed from the type, a male specimen from London Hill Mine, Bear Lake, British Columbia, 7,000 feet, July 21, 1903 (J. W. Cockle); two females and one male, Marshall Pass, Colorado, July 18, 1908, 10,856 feet; one female, Tennessee Pass, Colorado, 10,240 feet (J. M. Aldrich); all in the collection of the National Museum. This Rocky Mountain alpine form has as yet not been collected below 7,000 feet elevation. Little is known of its habits and nothing concerning the host relationships. Genus PHROSINELLA Robineau-Desvoidy Phrosinella RosinEavu-Desvoipy, Dipt. Envr. Paris, vol. 2, p. 83, 1863 Genotype (Tachina) nasuta Meigen from Europe. Phrosina Rosineavu-Desvoipy, Dipt. Envr. Paris, vol. 2, p. 101, 1863, According to Bezzi and Stein, Kat. Pal. Dipt., vol. 3, p. 513, 1907, pre- occupied, and the genotype argyrina Robineau-Desvoidy equals nasuta which is the genotype of Phrosinella. Euhilarella TOWNSEND, Proce. Biol. Soe. Wash., vol. 28, p. 22, 1915. Geno- type Hilarella fulvicornis Coquillett. Inner orbits narrowest at base of antennae, diverging moderately toward vertex and bucca but distinctly pinched in at the lower corners of the eyes; front distinctly narrower in males than in females: frontal vitta strongly divergent posteriorly, at middle wider than parafrontals, usually with distinct wrinkles radiating from base of antennae; a single row of frontal bristles which extends below base of second antennal joint and is suddenly divergent below; orbital bristles, usually one reclinate and two proclinate, present in both art. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 69 _ sexes; one pair of proclinate ocellars; vibrissae located near front edge of oral margin, not noticeably approximated; facial ridges with a few scattered hairs on the lowest fourth or less; lunule con- spicuous, shield shaped, situated in a deep indentation of the frontal vitta; antennae extending nearly to level of vibrissae; plumosity of arista not longer than its greatest diameter, penultimate joint scarcely longer than wide; in profile, head length at oral margin is much less than at base of antennae, epistoma not prominent; para- facials bare or beset with black bristly hairs; buecca and back of head with biack bristly hairs except for sparse white hairs at sides and back of oral cavity; proboscis stout, much shorter than head height, labella fleshy; palpi normal; eyes with the facets at extreme front but slightly larger than those at the sides. Thorax with three strong postsutural dorsocentral bristles and two strong sternopleurals; scutellum with three marginal pairs. Abdomen elongate conical; intermediate segments each with a row of three large spots which are sometimes confluent posteriorly; the basal pollinose band, when present, 1s always scalloped on the posterior margin as if formed by the coalescing of large spots. Genitalia of male (pl. 1, fig. 6) in repose, scarcely protruding; of female, nonpiercing and retracted. Wings with apical ceil open; fourth vein at bend with a distinct fold; last section of fifth vein varies from nearly half to slightly more than half the length of preceding section; third vein with row of small bristles extending more than half the distance from base to small cross vein; a strong costal spine usually present. Pulvilli of both sexes rather short; front tarsus of male (pl. 3, figs. 15, 16) usually ornamented with a peculiar brush of long hairs; of female (pl. 3, fig. 17) strongly flattened; middle tibia with one bristle on outer front side near the middle; hind tibia, on outside with a com- plete uneven row of bristles. After study of the North American material and comparison with European specimens of the genotype nasuta, it becomes evident that the common species long recognized as Hilarella fulvicornis Coquil- lett and three closely related species described in this paper are much more ciosely allied morphologically to nasuta, than to hilarella, the genotype of Hilarella. The genotype of Phrosina not seen and its present location not known to me. The genotype fulvicornis of Euhilarella has been compared with specimens of nasuta loaned by Professor Bezzi. From the genus Humacronychia, with which it has been confused, Phrosinella may be distinguished by the possession of spots instead of even bands on the abdomen, and in having the elon- gate lunule conspicuously imbedded in a sinus of the frontal vitta, the fore tarsus of the male usually bearing a conspicuous tuft of long bristly hairs, and that of the female without tufts of bristly hairs but usually strongly flattened. 70 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 Phrosinella is holaretic in distribution. The species in North America, so far as known, are distinct from those of Europe, and have not been taken outside of the United States. There are four Nearctic species, each with a somewhat restricted range. The flies of this genus, as far as known, occupy the ground-subter- ranean stratum, being found in the adult stage largely on barren ground, in and about the holes of burrowing Hymenoptera, rarely on low fohage. They are not commonly attracted to flowers, but at least one species frequently feeds on honeydew. It is believed that they are biologically superimposed upon fossorial Hymenoptera, but reliable rearing records are jacking. Dissections of one species indi- cate that they deposit large, active maggots. The female of this species has also been observed digging a pit in the sand near the bur- rows of fossorial Hymenoptera, for which its flattened fore tarsi are admirably adapted. Larvae were deposited in the pit. It seems probable that from this point, they burrow through the soil to the cell of their host, a form of activity which may be correlated with the presence of a conspicuous spiniferous foot on the ventral part of the last segment of the first instar maggots. Pupation takes place in the soil, apparently not far from the cell of the host. KEY TO NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF PHROSINELLA [fs Ehird antennal joint black: 2. = 28 ee ee ee 2. Third antennal joint bright yellow, rarely overlaid with blackish tomentum. fulvicornis (Coquillett). 2. Third abdominal segment with black polished apex which is devoid of pollen_3. Third abdominal segment pollinose to apex, at most with small black spots about the marginal bristles; wings distinctly infuscated; thorax and abdo- men grayish pollinose with brownish tinge______-_____ fumosa, new species. 3. Front distinctly hairy, many bristly hairs on frontal vitta between frontal rows; males with conspicuous tuft of hairs on underside of second tarsal joint of fore leg, third tarsal joint much thicker and shorter than the fourth. pilosifrons, new species. Front almost destitute of hairs, vitta bare; males with conspicuous tuft of hairs on outside of second tarsal joint, third joint scarcely wider than the Fourthte owes ee See ees ae ee ee cea ne aldrichi, new species. PHROSINELLA FULVICORNIS (Coquillett) Gymnoprosopa fulvicornis CoquituEtTtT, Journ. New York Ent. Soe., vol. 3, p. 106, 1895. Hilarella fulvicornis Coquituert, U.S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, pp. 17, 128, 1897.—Smitu, Ins. of New Jersey, p. 782, 1909.—Co.Lr and Lovert, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., vol. 11, p. 303, 1921.—Brimury, Ent. News, vol. 33, Pp. 23,1922: Euhilarella fulvicornis TOWNSEND, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., vol. 28, p. 22, 1915. Phrosinella fulvicornis ALLEN, Occas. Pap. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, p. 92, 1924. Male.—Front at narrowest 0.35 of head width (measurements of five, 0.30, 0.35, 0.35, 0.37, 0.39); front, including the vitta which is scarcely distinguishable, white or sometimes golden pollinose; vitta arr. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN ra divergent posteriorly, at level of lowest orbitals, three to four times width of either parafrontal; frontal row of seven to nine bristles; facial ridges with but two to three small bristles inserted directly above vibrissae; antennae red, extending about five-sixths distance to vibrassae, third joint three to four times length of second; arista thickened on basal three-fifths, penultimate joint almost twice its width; parafacials bare or sparsely beset with black bristly hairs, distinctly narrowest at the lower corner of eye; in profile, bucca equals one-sixth eye height; palpi yellow. Thorax and scutellum densely gray pollinose, without distinct vittae; intermediate pair of marginal scutellar bristles larger than the other two equal pairs; small preapicals present. Abdomen gray to golden pollinose, first segment somewhat more thinly so, with a median polished black spot, intermediate segments each with one to three triangular black spots, in third sometimes coalescing to form a continuous apical band, fourth polished black with pollinose band on basal half; one lateral and one median marginal pair of bristles on the first and the second segments, third and fourth segments with median marginal rows of about ten. Genitalia (pl. 1, fig. 6) as in fumosa excepting the claspers, which are smaller. Wings hyaline; often slightly clouded in middle from discal cell to costal margin; section of fourth vein beyond bend strongly arcuate, distance from bend to hind cross-vein about half length of preceding section; last section of fifth vein much less than half the preceding section. Legs black; second joint of fore tarsus bearing on ventral side a conspicuous tuft of long bristly hairs not horizontally flattened or cupped when viewed from above; last three tarsal joints much reduced in size and arched above the brush-like tuft, third segment distinctly broader than the two apical joints which are slenderly elongate; hind tibia with outside row of about nine uneven bristles. Female.—F¥ront at narrowest 0.44 of head width (average of fifteen which range from 0.39 to 0.45); third joint of antenna two and one- half to three and one-half times length of second. Fore tarsus (pl. 3, fig. 17) broadly flattened but not reduced in size, and lacking tuft of long bristles. Otherwise save for usual difference in genitalia, like the male. Length, 4.0 to 7.5 mm. Type.—Male, Cat.No. 3633, U.S.N.M., from Avalon, New Jersey, (Johnson). These notes are based on an examination of the type and a long series of both sexes in the collections of the National Museum, Boston Society of Natural History, Museum of Comparative Zoology of Cambridge, Massachusetts, Massachusetts Agricultural College, Dr. C. W. Johnson, Nathan Banks, Prof. J.S. Hine, and the writer, including specimens from the following localities: New Hampshire; Ge PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 Sunderland, West Springfield, Provincetown, Horseneck Beach, and Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts; Avalon, Anglesea, Clementon, and Pemberton, New Jersey; Chesapeake Beach and Beltsville, © Maryland; Brookland, District of Columbia; Columbus, Ohio (H. W. A.); Ira, Summit County, Ohio (J. S. Hine); Lafayette, Indiana (J. M. Aldrich), (E. W. Stafford); Michigan City, Indiana (J. M. Aldrich); Algonquin, [linois (Nason); Great Falls, Virginia (J. M. Aldrich); Flomaton, Alabama (J. M. Aldrich); Mobile, Alabama (H. W. A.); Holly Springs, Mississippi (F. W. Mally); West Point, Mississippi (Ff. M. Hull); Starkville, Meridian, Agricultural and Mechanical College, Ocean Springs, Moss Point, and Gulfport, Mis- sissipp1 (H. W. A.); White Springs, Florida (C. H. T. Townsend); Milwaukee, Wisconsin (S. Graenicher); Mandan, North Dakota (J. M. Aldrich); Powderville, Montana; Florissant, Colorado (S. A. Rohwer); one Brookland, District of Columbia, labeled ‘ Parker number 50.”’ In one specimen in C. W. Johnson’s collection from Horseneck Beach, Massachusetts, the third antennal joint has a blackish cast, over yellow. This is exceptional since most speci- mens have bright yellow antennae. Although Coquillett states that in this species the third joint is sometimes black, I am inclined to believe, after careful study of a long series, that specimens in which this joint is black without traces of yellow belong elsewhere. Three dried specimens of females have been dissected, and while such material is unsatisfactory, some definite information has been obtained on the nature of reproduction in this species. The uterus in each case was found filled with large naked maggots, all in the same stage of development. Fourteen were counted in one and eight in another. The larvipositor was found to consist of small, weak, nonpiercing valves located at the tip of an extensile apparatus of three segments, in repose telescoped within the abdomen. The first instar maggot from the uterus was found to possess the following characters. The cuticula of each segment with several encircling rows of microscopic, transparent, flattened scales followed by a band of transparent, longitudinal ribs or furrows, giving to the lower part of the segment a corrugated appearance; ventral part of last segment provided with fleshy foot, densely beset with stout, sharp, brown spines; no other brown spinose areas occur. Bucco- pharyngeal apparatus (pl. 5, fig. 29) consists of the usual parts, in which the median hook is longer and about equal in mass to the re- mainder of the apparatus; the long, slender median hook tapers gradually to a strong, slender point, without denticles on the ventral surface; lateral hooks apparently fused at the tip to the median hook; ventral part of the intermediate H-piece much reduced and not barblike in profile view; upper and lower wings of the basal piece art.9 | TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN qe approximated so that the height of this sclerite is distinctly less than length of its wings. I have examined one puparium, finding the anal segment equipped with several rows of sharply pointed, microscopic spines, and the posterior spiracles located in a distinct pit (pl. 5, fig. 35) and sepa- rated by a distance equal to diameter of one spiracle. P. fulvicornis is common in the United States east of the Missis- sippi River and is also known to occur in Colorado. It has been reported from Oregon, but this record will very likely be found to refer to P. pilosifrons or some other western species. The adults occur on barren, sandy ditch bottoms, over sand dunes, on sand bars, barren places in open pastures, on stone-strewn country roads and on the upper marine beach. In such places they are fre- quently associated with several species of Senotainia and allied genera as well as various species of fossorial Hymenoptera. They have never been taken on flowers or rank vegetation. The adults dart about just above the surface of the ground in characteristic zigzag flight very closely resembling that of the small Larridae from which they are not readily distinguished until they alight on the ground. One adult was captured as it emerged from the burrow of a digger wasp, presumably one of the small Bembicidae which inhabit the beach in great numbers, at Mobile, Alabama. Another specimen was reared from a puparium taken at Columbus, Ohio, where it was found in damp sand, two or three inches from the surface and in close proximity to nests of Bembix spinolae. The writer formed the opinion from the conditions under which the puparium was found that the maggot had come to maturity in the nest of the Bembicid and had crawled a short distance away into the loose sand to pupate, but it is by no means certain that B. spinolae was the host of this individual, since the tunnels of many small Larridae were present in the same sand bed in close proximity to the nests of the Bem- bicidae. Prof. J. B. Parker has made a very interesting observation on a fly captured on the sand where a number of different species of wasps were nesting, near Washington, D. C. (Parker note, No. 50). He says that this species has the habit of wandering about over the sand apparently engaged in smelling, and then in digging in the sand. The specimen captured dug quite a pit at the entrance of a burrow of Oxybelus quadrinotatus Say, and then went through the motions of oviposition in the pit. Professor Parker’s observation is the first to indicate the probable use to which the strongly flattened fore tarsi of the females of North American species of Phrosinella have become adapted. Coquillet * records the rearing of an adult 38 U.S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 17, 1897. 5429296 |__6 74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 from a puparium found among eggs of Acrididae. This association was probably accidental. PHROSINELLA FUMOSA, new species Male.—Front at narrowest 0.42 of head width (measurements of four 0.41, 0.42, 0.43, 0.43); front golden pollinose, including the vitta which is scarcely distinguishable from the parafrontals; vitta diverg- ing slighlty towards the rear, at level of lowest orbitals, three times width of either parafrontal; ten to twelve bristles in the frontal row; parafrontals sparsely beset with black bristly hairs which extend downward to apex of second antennal joint, and invade the vitta to the extent of several hairs on each side between the frontal rows; facial ridges with two to four small bristly hairs not extending above the lowest fifth; antennae black, extending about seven-eighths dis- tance to vibrissae, apex of second joint rufous, third joint four times length of second; arista thickened on basal three-fifths, length of penultimate joint one and one-half times width; parafacials white pollinose, bare, narrowest at lower corner of eye; in profile, bucca equals one-sixtheyeheight. Thorax densely gray pollinose with bronze reflections; two narrow vittae between the presutural dorsocentrals, ending at transverse suture; scutellum densely gray pollinose, with conspicuous black spot on each side near base; intermediate marginal bristles larger than the other two equal pairs; preapicals lacking. Abdomen densely gray pollinose, distinctly tinged with bronze; first three segments with one to three obscure spots near the apices, fourth with apical margin subshining black; first and second segments each with a single lateral and one median marginal pair of bristles; third and fourth with marginal rows of ten to twelve. Genitalia black; inner forceps elongate, tapering gradually to slender tips, somewhat flattened laterally, in profile, with a pronounced concavity on the outer margin just beyond the base, and curving slightly for- ward at the tips; outer forceps yellow, nearly as long and somewhat broader at the tips than inner forceps; penis with membranous hood tapering from a bulbous base to a slender erect process at the pos- terior apical corner, and bearing anteriorly rather coarse conical spines; posterior claspers with a small bristle. Wings subhyaline, with the area limited by small cross-vein, hind cross-vein, apex of fourth and the costal margin, infuscated; hind cross-vein and last two sections of fourth vein with clouded margins; section of fourth vein beyond bend strongly arcuate, frequently bent backward to form an acute angle with preceding section; last section of fifth vein scarcely more than one-third preceding section. Legs black; second joint of fore tarsus with a ventral tuft of long upcurved bristles, cupped when viewed from above; last three joints much reduced and arched above the tuft of bristles, the third broad and arr. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 75 short, the fourth and fifth slenderly elongate; hind tibia with out- side row of about eight uneven bristles. Female.—-Front at narrowest 0.47 of head width (measurements of five 0.45, 0.47, 0.48, 0.48, 0.48); third antennal joint three to four times length of second. Last four joints of fore tarsus moderately flattened, not reduced, and lacking tuft of long bristles. Otherwise, except for usual differences of genitalia, like the male. Length. 7.0 to 9.5 mm. Type.—Male, Falls Church, Virginia, July 11, in the collection of Nathan Banks. Allotype-—Female, Cat. No. 28157, U.S.N.M., Falls Church, Vir- ginia, July 21 (C. T. Greene). Described from the following: In the collection of the National Museum; one female from Massachusetts labeled ‘‘ Coquillett col- lection’’; four females from Falls Church, Virginia, July 21 (C. T. Greene). In the collection of C. W. Johnson, two females from West- port Factory, Massachusetts, July 31, 1913; one male from Dela- ware Water Gap, New Jersey, July 13. In J. R. Malloch’s collection, one male and one female from Beltsville, Maryland, July 9, 1916. In Nathan Banks’ collection, four males and four females from Falls Church, Virginia, July 4 to 25 (N. Banks), one taken feeding on honeydew on tulip tree; one male and one female, Great Falls, Vir- ginia, June 29 and July 8 (N. Banks). The present known range of fumosa is confined to the region east of the Appalachian Mountains from southern Massachusetts to eastern Virginia. In the valley of the Potomac, it has been found hovering low over stone-strewn roads through hilly upland forest, and on honeydew-coated foliage beneath the tulip tree, Liriodendron tulipifera. The hosts of fumosa are not known. PHROSINELLA ALDRICHI, new species Male.—¥ront at narrowest 0.343 of head width (measurements of three 0.33, 0.34, 0.36); front including vitta, all of face and bucca white pollinose; vitta at level of lowest orbitals four times width of either parafrontal; frontal row of eight to ten bristles, extending to middle of second antennal joint; only a few bristly hairs on front outside frontal rows; facial ridges with but one or two hairs above vibrissae; antennae black, extending five-sixths the distance to vibrissae, third joint four times length of second; arista thickened on basal three-fifths; parafacials bare, or sometimes sparsely black setulose, conspicuously narrowed at the lower corner of the eye; in profile, bueca equals one-eighth the eye height; proboscis scarcely one-half the head height; palpi subclavate, yellow. Thorax gray pollinose over black, with five obscure vittae of which the three median ones are much narrower, extending only to the transverse 76 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you. 68 suture; the intermediate pair of marginal scutellar bristles are larger than the two other equal pairs; small preapicals usually present. Abdomen black, the last three segments polished on the broad apices, white pollinose at the base, the pollinose bases indented from behind by three to five triangular spots; first and second segments each with a pair of strong median marginal bristles, the last two with uninter- rupted rows of ten to twelve. Wings hyaline; section of fourth vein from bend to hind cross vein equals one-half the preceding section; last section of fifth vein nearly one-half preceding section. Legs black; fore tarsus (pl. 3, fig. 16) with its second joint enlarged and bearing a dense tuft of long bristly hairs on the outside, third and fourth joints strongly flattened, slightly longer than broad, fifth joint elongate and slender; hind tibia on outside with row of about seven uneven bristles extending from base to apex. Female.—¥ront at narrowest 0.43 of head width (measurements of five 0.40, 0.41, 0.42, 0.45, 0.46); frontal vitta deeply golden pollinose, two to three times width of parafrontals at lowest orbital; third antennal joint two and one-half to three times the second. Last four joints of the fore tarsus flattened, but not reduced in size, second joint without conspicuous tuft of long hairs. Otherwise, except for usual differences in genitalia, like the male. Length, 4.0 to 5.5 mm. Type and allotype.—Cat. No. 28158, U.S.N.M., Lewiston, Idaho, male type collected Sept. 25, 1909; no date given for allotype. Range.—Idaho, Nevada, California, Washington, British Columbia. Host relationships.—Unknown. Described from the following: two males and three females from Lewiston, Idaho; two females from Boise, Idaho; one female from Walker Lake, Nevada, July 25, 1911; one male, San Joaquin River, Newman, California. All the preceding collected by Doctor Aldrich, in whose honor the species is named; these and one male from Pasa- dena, California, are all in the National Museum. One female, Oliver, British Columbia, 7—vi-1923 (C. B. Garrett), in the Canadian National collection. One female, Lake Paha, Washington, 7—20-’20 (R. C. Shannon) in Shannon’s collection. PHROSINELLA PILOSIFRONS, new species Male.—Front at narrowest 0.36 of the head width (measurements of three 0.34, 0.34 and 0.39); front, all of the face and the buecca white pollinose; vitta distinguishable as a gray pollinose band, somewhat wrinkled, moderately divergent posteriorly, at level of lowest orbitals twice as wide as either parafrontal; the single frontal row inserted at some distance from edge of vitta, and bearing thirteen to fifteen bristles; one or two bristles outside the frontal row, in the angle of divergence which it forms near base of antennae; parafrontals ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—-ALLEN 77 thickly beset with slender erect hairs which are most dense at or below level of lowest ocellus, where they invade the vitta and form there a distinct fringe on both sides between the frontal rows; vibrissae level with front edge of oral margin; facial ridges with small bristly hairs on lowest fifth; antennae extending five-sixths the distance to vibrissae, first two joints red, third joint black, four times length of second; arista thickened on basal three-fourths, penultimate joint slightly longer than broad; parafacials hairy to near tip of antennae, distinctly narrowest at lower corner of eye; in profile, bucca equals one-sixth eye height; palpi yellow. Thorax black, subshining, sparsely gray pollinose; obscurely five-vittate, inner three vittae much narrower, none extending beyond transverse suture; notum densely pilose with fine erect black hairs; scutellum densely gray pollnose at tip, black subshining at base, the intermediate pair of marginal bristles distinctly larger than the other two equal pairs, small preapicals differentiated. Abdomen gray pollinose over black; pollinose area of first segment restricted to several small spots, intermediate segments pollinose to apices or nearly so, with three large polished black triangular spots, sometimes merging apically in the third, fourth without spots, pollinose on the basal half; first two segments each with a pair of strong median marginal bristles, third and fourth each with marginal rows of about twelve. Wings hyaline; section of fourth vein beyond bend, arcuate, but lacking an angular bend; distance from bend to hind cross-vein one-third to one-fifth the preceding section; last section of fifth vein almost half length of preceding section. Legs black; second joint of fore tarsus (pl. 3, fig. 15) bearing on the ventral side a conspicuous tuft of long bristly hairs in form of a horizontally flattened brush having its tip upcurved; last three tarsal joints much reduced in size and arched above the brushlike tuft; third segment distinctly thicker than the two apical joints which are small and elongate; hind tibia with about twelve unequal bristles in the outside row, of which one bristle near middle is much the largest. Female.—Front at narrowest 0.45 of the head width in one specimen measured; vertex and front golden pollinose; third antennal joint two and one-half times length of second. Fore tarsus with the four apical joints flattened but not reduced in size or bearing a long tuft of hair. Otherwise, save for the usual difference in genitalia, like the male. Length, 7.0 to 8.5 mm. Type and allotype.—Male. Cat. No. 28159 U.S.N.M. The male type collected, Hood River, Washington, July 5, 1917 (F. R. Cole); the allotype female from Mount Constitution, Washington. Range.—Washington, Oregon, California, British Columbia. Host relationships.—Unknown. 78 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 Described from the following: In the collection of the National Museum; one male from Hood River, Oregon, one female from Mount Constitution, Washington, July 17, 1909 (J. M. Aldrich); one male from Pine Lake, southern California (Johnson). In the Canadian National collection; one female, Lillooet, British Columbia, 26—vii— 1917 (J. D. T.), 3,000 feet; another female and one male from same locality 23—-vii-1917 (J. D. Tothill) 1,500 feet; one male and one female, Victoria, British Columbia, 2—vii-1921 (W. Downes); two males labelled Pehticton, 18—vi-1918 (W. B. Anderson). In the col- lection of the writer one male from Hood River, Oregon. Genus HILARELLA Rondani Hilarella Ronpani, Dipt. ital. Prodr., vol. 1, p. 70, 1856; vol. 3, p. 212, 1859. Genotype Miltogramma zetterstedti Rondani, which according to Bezzi and Stein, Palaark Dipt., vol. 3, p. 514, 1907 equals hilarella Zetterstedt. This genus differs from all but two of the North American genera of Miltogramminae, namely Opsidiopsis and Taxigramma, in having the last section of the fifth vein distinctly more than half the length of the preceding section. It is readily distinguished from Opsidiopsis by the absence of a definite row of bristles on the first vein. From Taxigramma, to which it is morphologically very closely related, it differs in having the appendicular fold of the fourth vein shorter than the discal cell, and the last section of the fifth distinctly less than the length of the preceding section. Other generic characters are as follows: a single frontal row on either side of the vitta, descend- ing below the base of the antennae, suddenly divergent below; pro- clinate ocellars present; orbital bristles in both sexes; vibrissae inserted less than length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; facial ridges with bristly hairs on less than the lowest fourth; antennae extending to less than length of second antennal joint from the vibrissae; penultimate joint of arista scarcely longer than broad; in profile, the head length at the vibrissae distinctly less than at base of antennae; no pale hairs on bucca or back of head about the oral cavity; proboscis stout and much shorter than the head height; thorax with two sternopleural bristles; abdomen densely pollinose, with transverse rows of sharply defined black spots; wings with apical cell closed and ending far before the extreme tip of the wing; mesotibia with a single bristle on outer front side near the middle. In this genus there are several European species, one of which also occurs in the North American fauna. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 79 OTHER SPECIES OF HILARELLA MENTIONED ‘BY COQUILLETT *® AND ALDRICH 27 decens Townsend, assigned to genus Eumacronychia. fulvicornis Coquillett, assigned to genus Phrosinella. polita Townsend, assigned to genus Gymnoprosopa. stphonina Zetterstedt equals Hilarella hilarelia. aristalis Coquillett, assigned to genus Oestrohilarella. rufiventris Coquillett, assigned to genus Senotainia. HILARELLA HILARELLA (Zetterstedt) Miltogramma hilarella ZpTTHRSTEDT, Dipt. Seand., vol. 8, p. 1212, 1844. Miltogramma siphonina ZETTERSTEDT, Dipt. Seand., vol. 3, p. 1213, 1844; vol. 8, p. 3255, 1849; vol. 12, p. 4704, 1850; vol. 18, p. 6154, 1859. Hilarella zetterstedti RoNDANI, Dipt. ital. Prodr., vol. 1, p. 70, 1856; vol. 3, p. 213, 1859. Equals hilarella, according to Bezzi and Stein, Kat. Pal. Dipt.—Scuiner, Faun. Austr., vol. 1, p. 504, 1862.—BrauER and BrRGENSTAMM, Denkschr. Akad. Wien, vol. 51, pl. 6, fig. 133, 1889. Misellia siphonina Ropinnau-Desvoipy, Dipt. Envr. Paris, vol. 2, p. 148, 1863. Misellia brunnicosa RopiNnEAv-Desvorpy, Dipt. Envr. Paris, vol. 2, p. 148, 1863. Heteropterina hilarella PANDELLE, Rev. entom., vol. 14, p. 312, 1895. Hilarella siphonina Coquiutett, U.S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 129, 1897.—SmiTH, Insects of New Jersey, p. 782, 1909. Bezzi and Stein * place brunnicosa and .siphonina in the synonymy of dira Robineau-Desvoidy. But dira equals Miltogramma conica Fallén, according to Robineau-Desvoidy’s own statement, and conica belongs to Sphecapata equals Senotainia, an entirely distinct genus. I find from a study of Zetterstedt’s original descriptions that siphonina agrees closely with Ailarella, differing from it principally in having the segments of the abdomen marked with minute brown spots, whereas hilarella has transverse rows of three larger spots. An examina- tion of the available American and European material indicates that most of the specimens have the transverse rows of three large spots, but in some specimens this character is variable. On one female in my collection, from Lafayette, Indiana, the spots on the abdomen are small, and the usual median one has been broken into two smaller ones, about the bases of the two median marginal bristles. In another specimen from Europe, labeled Hilarella hilarella by Pro- fessor Bezzi, the side spots are large, but as with the Indiana specimen, there are two small apical spots about the bases of the two median marginal bristles. These characters, unsupported by others, can scarcely be considered as of specific importance, hence it is my opinion that s¢phonina equals hilarella. The principal characters of the species are as follows: The anterior part of the frontal vitta, the first two joints of the antennae and 3 U.S. Bur. Ent. Tech. Ser., no. 7, p. 128, 1897. 37 Cat. of N. A. Dipt., p. 476, 1905. 38 Kat. Pal. Dipt., vol. 3, pp. 513-514. 80 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM von. 68 usually the third, the venter and sides of the abdomen, and usually the trochanters, femora and tibiae, yellow; the lowest bristie in the frontal row much smaller than the preceding one; three proclinate and one reclinate orbital bristles; parafrontals bare of bristly hairs; parafacials black setulose; arista conspicuously plumose at middle, thickened on the basal two-fifths; thorax lacking black vittae, with three postsutural dorsocentral bristles; scutellum with three pairs of strong and nearly equal marginal bristles; each of last three abdom- inal segments with a transverse row of three, or sometimes four round black spots on the dorsum, and two other elongate spots on lateral angles; first segment without macrochaetae, intermediate segments with median marginal pairs; fourth with the usual marginal row; the genital segments of the male genitalia (pl. 1, fig. 3) in repose, concealed, but leaving the minute, sharply pointed, divergent, and slightly bowed prongs of the inner forceps exposed; wings hyaline, with a strong costal spine; third vein with one to three bristles near its base. This discussion is based on the study of the following material: In the collection of the United States National Museum and Doctor Aldrich’s collection, one specimen from Los Angeles County, Cali- fornia, two from Colorado, and one from Clementon, New Jersey (Coquillett); one from Koebler, New Mexico (W. R. Walton); one from Holly Springs, Mississippi (F. W. Mally); two from Tinajas (?) Arizona (W. J. McGee); two from White Springs, Florida (C. H. T. Townsend); one from Hot Springs, Arkansas (H. S. Barber); two from Lafayette, Indiana; seven labeled ‘“‘ Parker Note 45,” and one labeled “‘ Parker Note 55,’ from District of Columbia. In the collec- tion of Prof. J.S. Hine, one from Germit, Pennsylvania (Harbeck), and another from Clementon, New Jersey. In the collection of Nathan Banks there are specimens collected from honeydew of tulip tree, at Falls Church, Virginia, and in that of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, Massachusetts, one specimen collected by H. E. Smith in Massachusetts. In Dr. C. W. Johnson’s collection there is one specimen from Indiana. In my own collection occurs one specimen from Tupelo, one from Holly Springs, and one from Me- Henry, Mississippi (H. W. Allen); one from Lafayette, Indiana (EK. W. Stafford); one from Agricultural and Mechanical College, Mississippi (M. R. Smith). Range.—Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, District of Columbia, Virginia, Indiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, California. The puparium has been carefully described and figured by Greene * who distinguishes the following characters. Walls smooth. Bottom edge nearly straight; depression in the dorsum at about the apical fifth. A deep pit at anal end, touching the horizontal bisecting plane, % Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 60, p. 12, 1921. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN St but largely below it. Posterior spiracles located on the upper sur- face of the pit, and provided with three small, straight, nearly ver- tical slits. Anal opening on the ventral surface of the puparium. This species is not known to be attracted to flowers, but has been observed feeding on foliage and dry leaves smeared with honeydew. Prof. J. B. Parker has secured some interesting notes on the biology of Hilarella hilarella at Washington, D. C. In one instance, on July 11, 1914 (Parker Note 45), a female of Sphex extrematata, var. picti- pennis Walsh, was observed entering her burrow with a caterpil- lar. As she emerged a small fly alighted at the edge of the vertical opening of the burrow and deposited several maggots on the edge. These wriggled over the edge and dropped to the bottom. Three maggots were counted but there may have been more. A fly, ap- parently the one which deposited the maggots, was captured. The wasp, after closing the entrance, was also captured. On the following day the nest was dug up. A singie caterpillar was found about an inch below the surface. No egg of the wasp was present, but four dip- terous maggots were on the outside, and subsequent results indicate that four more must have been on the inside. On July 15 the maggots had completely devoured the caterpillar and had buried themselves in the sand of the breeding cell. On July 16 eight puparia were present, from which four flies issued on August 1 and three others on August 2. In another instance (Parker Note 55) a fly was captured which had persistently attempted to place its maggots on a caterpillar that Psammophila violaceipennis Lepeletier had captured and was dragging to her nest. M. R. Smith has also reared the fly from the nest of Sphex extre- matata, var. pictupennis, at Agricultural and Mechanical College, Mis- sissipp1. In the instance under his observation, he feels quite certain that the adult fly deposited active maggots on the paralyzed cater- pillar when it was laid aside by the wasp preparatory to opening its nest. Since the caterpillar from which the flies were reared was dug up immediately after the nest had been closed by the wasp, and since with this species of wasp only one caterpillar is placed in a nest and the burrow is carefully closed both before and after depositing the prey, and as in this case the fly did not enter the burrow, apparently no other opportunity to establish its progeny was offered the fly than that furnished by the wasp in dropping its prey to open the nest. One nest containing a caterpillar of Chloridea obsoleta was dug up, and the following day three dipterous maggots were observed working upon it. All of them pupated, and from the puparia one adult of Hilarella hilarella issued. 82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM von. 68 Genus TAXIGRAMMA Perris Taxigramma Perris, Annal. Soc. Linn. Lyon for 1850, p. 209, 1852. Geno- type, Miltogramma heteroneura Meigen as pipiens, new species. —TOWNSEND, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol. 14, p. 52, 1912. Heteropterina Macquart, Annal. Soc. Ent. France for 1854, p. 426, 1854. Geno- type, Miltogramma heteroneura Meigen.—Scuiner, Faun. Austr., vol. 1, p. 502, 1862.— Braver and BerGcanstamM, Zweifl. d. Kaiserl. Mus., vol. 56, p. 113, 1889.—Apams, in Williston’s Manual of N. A. Dipt., p. 371, fig. 150, no. 62, 1908. Elpigia Rosineav-Desvorpy, Dipt. Envr. Paris, vol. 2, p. 149, 1863. The genotype, pellucida Robineau-Desvoidy, according to Bezzi and Stein, Kat. Pal. Dipt., equals heteroneura Meigen, which is also the type of Taxigramma. Nasonimyia TOWNSEND, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 49, p. 619, 1915. The genotype, Heteropterina nasoni Coquillett compared with European speci- mens of heteroneura with which it was found to be conspecific. In 1852 Perris described as a new species Taxigramma pipiens.” The single description is for both genus and species. The distinctive characters of size, wing venation, and abdominal markings are defi- nitely described and agree in detail with North American specimens of Miltogramma heteroneura Meigen described in 1830. According to Bezzi and Stein pipiens equals M. heteroneura.1 Macquart in 1854,” proposed the genus Heteropterina for which heteroneura became the genotype. But since Tazxigramma was proposed for pipiens which equals heteroneura, the genotype, some years before Heteropterina, it appears that the former should replace Heteropterina as the name of the genus. Coquillett ** pointed out this synonymy in 1910, but for some undetermined reason it has not been generally accepted. The outstanding character of this genus is the unusual degree to which the wing venation is crowded toward the costa. From the other North American genera of Mfiltogramminae, it is readily separated by the extreme length of the appendicular fold of the fourth vein and the last section of the fifth vein. The fold is distinctly longer than the discal cell, and the last section of the fifth vein longer than the preceding section. Other generic characters are as follows: A single frontal row on either side of the vitta, descending below base of second antennal joint, suddenly divergent below; proclinate ocellar bristles present, and orbitals occur in both sexes; vibrissae inserted near oral margin; facial ridges bristly on less than lowest fourth; lunule con- spicuously exposed; antennae extend to less than length of the second joint from vibrissae; penultimate joint of arista scarcely longer than broad; in profile, head length at vibrissae less than at base of antennae; proboscis stout, scarcely as long as head height; 49 Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1852, p. 65. * Annal. Soc. Entom. France for 1854, p. 426. ‘t Kat. Pal. Dipt., vol. 3, p. 517, 1907. 3 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 37, p. 551, 1910. Arr. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 83 abdomen densely pollinose, with transverse rows of small, sharply defined, black spots; apical cell closed at margin of wing. The genus is represented by several European species, one of which is also widely distributed over North America. TAXIGRAMMA HETERONEURA (Meigen) Miliogramma heteroneura Mritcen, Syst. Beschr., vol. 6, p. 367, 1830.— ZETTERSTEDT, Dipt. Scand., vol. 8, p. 1214, 1844. Taxigramma pipiens Perris, Annal. Soe. Linn. Lyons, for 1850, p. 209, 1852. Heteropterina heteroneura Macquart, Annal. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 7, p. 427, 1854.—ScuineEr, Faun. Austr., vol. 1, p. 503, 1862.—PanpDELLE, Rev. Ent., vol. 14, p. 313, 1895.—VILLENEUVE, Bull. Soc. Ent. France, for 1900, p. 381. Elpigia pellucida Ropineav-Desvoipy, Dipt. Envr. Paris, vol. 2, p. 150, 1863. Elpigia punctata RosineAvu-Desvoipy, Dipt. Envr. Paris, vol. 2, p. 150, 1863. Elpigta minuta RoBiNEAv-Desvoripy, Dipt. Envr. Paris, vol. 2, p. 151, 1863. Heteropterina nasoni CoquituteTtT, Ent. News, vol. 6, p. 207, 1895; U. S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 76, 1897.—Watton, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 48, p. 181, 1914.—Rerrnuarp, Ent. News, vol. 30, p. 281, 1919.— Coe and Lovett, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., vol. 11, p. 301, 1921. A single female specimen from Hungary, determined as heteroneura by Prof. Karl Sajo, I have compared with North American specimens of nasont Coquillett, and another European specimen determined as heteroneura by Kertesz, with the type of nasoni, and it is my con- viction that the European and North American forms are conspecific. In the synonomy of the three species of #lpigia proposed by Robineau- Desvoidy, I have followed Bezzi and Stein.“ The type of (Hete- ropterina nasonr) Coquillett is located in the United States National Museum, the location of the other types not known to the writer. The frontal vitta, antennae, palpi, abdomen, femora, and tibia largely yellowish. Front at narrowest measuring 0.34, 0.34, 0.34, 0.34, 0.36, averaging 0.34 of the head width in five males; 0.35, 0.36, 0.38, 0.40, 0.40, averaging 0.38 in five females; frontal vitta at level of lowest orbitals one-half to one-third as wide as either parafrontal; two proclinate orbital bristles present; the lowest bristle of the frontal row much weaker than the others; third antennal joint one and one- half to two times as long as the second; arista thickened on basal third; parafacials bare or with microscopic black hairs. Thorax densely pollinose, without black vittae; scutellum bears three pairs of marginal bristles of which the intermediate pair is much the strongest. The last three abdominal segments each with a trans- verse row of three small round black spots on the dorsum, and two other elongate spots on the lateral angles; first segment usually, 44 Kat. Pal. Dipt., vol. 3, p. 517, 1907. 84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 the intermediate always, with a pair of strong median marginal macrochaetae, fourth with a marginal row. Wing with one or two strong costal spines; third vein bristly at least half way to small cross vein. Length 3.5 to 6.0 mm. These notes are based on the study of the following material: A long series of both sexes in the National Museum, including one European specimen determined by Kertesz; one male from Algon- quin, Illinois, type for (nasonz); one from Lafayette, Indiana, two from Mandan, North Dakota, two from Bottineau, North Dakota, one from Boise and another from Lewiston, Idaho (J. M. Aldrich) ; three from Beach, North Dakota, labeled ‘“‘taken from sunflower, Webster No. 23302” (C. N. Ainslie); one from South Dakota; three from Colorado (Coquillett); one from Wild Horse Caen Animas Mountains, New Mexico, 5,000 feet; one from Soroco, New Mexico (Williston); two from Koehler, New Mexico, Webster No. 7707 (W. R. Walton); one from Ormsby County, Nevada (Baker); two from Kaslo, British Columbia (A. N. Caudell); Wau- bamic, Parry Sound, Ontario. In the Museum of Comparative . Zoology at Cambridge, Massachusetts; one female from Hungary, determined by Prof. Karl Sajo, and specimens from Milwaukee, Wisconsin (G. Graenicher), and Massachusetts (H. E. Smith). Range.—Massachusetts, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, North Dakota, South Dakota, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, California, Nevada, Utah, Idaho, Oregon, British Columbia, and Ontario. It is also, according to Bezzi and Stein, widely distributed over Europe. Host relationships.—Reared from grasshopper by C. N. Ainslie at Payson, Utah.® This is an unusual record fora Miltogramminid. It is questionable whether this fiy will prove to be normally parasitic on the active stages of grasshoppers or other herbaceous insects. Reinhard “ has noted the species as being persistently present in Texas during May, June, and July. Several specimens were taken in the insectary and others from sweeping grass and foliage near the ground. Genus EUMACRONYCHIA Townsend Eumacronychia TowNsEND, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 19, p. 98, 1892,. genotype decens in the University of Kansas Museum; Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 22, p. 74, 1895; Smithson. Mise. Coll., vol. 51, p. 64, 1908.— CoquituteTT, U. 8. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 128, 1897; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 37, p. 541, 1910 (equals Hilarella). This genus, erected by Townsend in 1892, has long been considered synonymous with Hilarella and has never been generally accepted. After a careful study of available material, including g genotype speci- 45 Walton, yo U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 48, p. 181, 1914. 46 Ent. News, at 30, p. 281, 1919. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 85 mens of Hilarella, and decens, the type of Humacronychia, I am con- vineed that the latter is generically distinct. The species of Lwma- cronychia as a whole possess almost the same combination of charac- ters as those of Gymnoprosopa, and certain species such as elita and rohweri possess striking resemblances to both genera, but the male genitalia in Eumacronychia are uniformly large and highly specialized, somewhat resembling those of typical Sarcophaginae, while the male genitalia of Gymnoprosopa are small and relatively unspecialized as in Metopia and related genera. In Humacronychia, the female genital segments extrude conspicuously, the apical scutellar bristles are absent or if present are much smaller than either pair of lateral marginals, the front is usually distinctly narrower near base of the antennae than towards the vertex, and the male usually possesses conspicuously long broad pulvilli, and a tendency toward villosity on the legs, all characters distinguishing it from Gymnoprosopa. Other characters of the genus are as follows: Inner orbits not sinuous or pinched in at the level of vibrissae; frontal vitta light red or yellow, at least as wide as the parafrontal, diverging moderately toward the vertex; lunule scarcely visible; a single frontal row of bristles terminating at base of antennae, not suddenly divergent below; proclinate ocellar bristies present; orbitals in both sexes; antennae distinctly more than half as long as the face; penultimate joint of the arista short; vibrissae not more than the length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; in profile, head length at vibrissae sometimes subequal, usually much less than at base of antennae; lower part of bucca with sparse black bristly hairs; no pale hairs about the oral cavity; proboscis moderately stout, shorter than the head height, with fleshy labella and normal palpi. Thorax with three strong postsutural dorsocentral bristles and two sternopleurals. Pollen on the intermediate segments of the abdomen arranged in basal bands which are not scalloped or indented on the apical margin; abdomen never marked with large black spots. Wing with apical cell open; only the third vein bristly; last section of fifth vein less than half the length of the preceding section. Joints of the fore tarsus not ornamented, conspicuously reduced in size, flattened, or otherwise modified from the normal in either sex; pul- villi of maie variable in length. None of the species of this genus are known at present from outside the continental North American area. I have seen very few speci- mens from north of the latitude of New Jersey. The genus is com- posed of several species of attenuated or possibly discontinuous dis- tribution. Not one of the species is definitely known to have a transcontinental range except sternalis identified from Galveston, Texas, and Granada, Nicaragua. The Southwest appears to be the center of distribution of the group. Nothing is known concerning 86 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 the host relationships and scarcely more concerning the habits of the species in this genus. KEY TO NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF EUMACRONYCHIA 1., Fourth abdominal segment wholly black 2 ==-2-_ 2-22. =_2242= 25202 5. Fourth abdominal segment red, at least on its apex________-------------- 2s 2. Parafacials at most with sparse black bristly hairs on the lower half of face; third antennal joint bright red or yellow; claws of inner forceps of male genitaliaswadely:divergent=+..\yst: 2x2. sets. Seep er eee Se ee eee 3 Parafacials on upper half, thickly beset with black bristly hairs; third joint of antennae black; claws of inner forceps of male genitalia not divergent. nigricornis, new species. 3. Arista thickened on basal three-fifths; inner orbits divergent from base of antennae to vertex; fourth sternite of male ordinary____-------------- 4. Arista thickened on basal two-fifths; inner frontal orbits parallel; in male the fourth sternite is conspicuously exposed and covered with short erect villosity, and the prongs of inner forceps are not bowed in the middle, pulvilli longer than the last two tarsal joints; in female, first genital segment appearing like a fifth abdominal segment, not arched like an inverted V, but? ‘broadly, “rounded! Wabovesi2 ous 2 se esi eee sternalis, new species. 4. Bucca in profile equals one-half eye height; facial depression scarcely wider than either parafacial; in male, pulvilli longer than the last two tarsal joints, prongs of inner forceps strongly bowed in middle when viewed from behind, apical flexor surface of middle tibia with long, erect villosity; in female, first genital segment resembles a fifth abdominal segment and is arched above oike Van‘ anverted' \V/i 2220. 3) Ses oe eee decens Townsend. Bucea in profile equals one-fifth eye height; facial depression twice width of either parafacial; in male, pulvilli shorter than last two tarsal joints, prongs of inner forceps when viewed from behind are not bowed in middle; middle tibia without erect villosity_---- pee eee eee pe montana, new species. 5. Parafacials distinctly hairy; arista thickened on basal two-fifths; palpi and third antennaleyolrt lACkes Hee = keen see ree ee Ne eee a ne en eee 6. Parafacials bare; arista thickened on basal three-fifths; palpi yellow. elita Townsend. 6. Intermediate abdominal segments with sharply defined pollinose bands on basal two-thirds; buccal width less than one-third eye height. rohweri, new species. Intermediate abdominal segments densely pollinose to apices; buccal width exceeds one-third the eye height_--------------- elongata, new species. EUMACRONYCHIA DECENS Townsend Eumacronychia decens TowNseND, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 19, p. 99, 1892; vol. 22, p. 74, 1895. Hilarella decens CoquiuueTt, U. S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 128, 1897.—Smriru, Ins. of New Jersey, p. 782, 1909. Male.—Front at narrowest point, which is just above the base of the antennae, 0.35 of head width (measurements of three as follows: 0.33, 0.34, 0.37); frontal vitta at level of lowest orbitals one and one- half times width of either parafrontal; frontal row with about ten bristles; one reclinate and three proclinate orbital bristles; para- frontals with a few short bristly hairs near the vertex; facial depres- sion scarcely wider than either side of face; vibrissae inserted nearly ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 87 length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin, and approximated to distance nearly twice its length; facial ridges with but two or three small hairs above the vibrissae; antennae yellow, third joint four times length of second; arista thickened on basal three-fifths; in profile, bucca wider than parafacials and equals one-half eye height; front projects nearly one-half eye height; head length at vibrissae slightly less than at base of antennae; parafacials with microscopic white pile; palpi yellow. Thorax densely gray pollinose, with one to three narrow median and two broader lateral vittae; apical scutellar bristles much smaller than the other two marginal pairs; small preapicals present. Abdomen black excepting the fourth segment which is broadly yellow; last three segments with dense white pollinose bands on basal half; second segment with a median marginal pair of bristles; third and fourth segments with marginal rows of from six to ten; venter densely villous, fourth seg- ment not conspicuous. Genital segments yellow, first segment bare, second with very short bristly hairs; inner forceps curved slightly forward, tapering gradually to sharp, black tips; when viewed from the rear, the prongs are separated and strongly bowed at the middle Wing hyaline, bearing a small costal spine; third vein bristly about half way to small cross-vein; hind cross-vein parallel to section of fourth vein beyond the bend. Legs black, with conspicuous claws and pulvilli which are longer than the last two tarsal joints on all the feet; middle tibia with one bristle on outer front side near the middle, on apical half of flexor side with distinct, villous, suberect hair, in best view, as long as width of tibia; hind femur moderately villous; hind tibia with three uneven bristles on outer surface before the middle; on flexor surface with rather long appressed hair. Female.—Several specimens which most closely resemble the male have the following characters. Front at narrowest point 0.40 of the head width (measurements of four as follows: 0.40, 0.40, 0.40, 0.41); third antennal joint three to four times as long as the second; in profile, bucca scarcely one-third eye height. Second abdominal segment lacking macrochaetae, third segment with very weak margi- nals outside the median pair. First genital segment large, fully exposed, simulating a fifth abdominal segment, with a sharply pointed, inverted V-shaped arch above, drawn together at the sides. Femora and tibiae without villosity. Otherwise save for the usual differences of genitalia, like the male. Length, 5.5 to 8.5 mm. Host relationships.—Unknown. This species was originally described from four males and nine females, all apparently cotypes. The type series which was deposited in the University of Kansas Museum has dwindled to three, of which one fortunately isa male. This material was loaned to the National 88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 Museum and carefully examined and compared with other material by Dr. J. M. Aldrich, upon whose examination this redescription is based. Other material examined is as follows: One male from Los Angeles County, California, August; one male, Socorro, New Mexico, 1916 (Williston); one female from Hot Springs, Arkansas (H. S. Barber); one female from Wild Horse Canyon, Animas Mountains, New Mexico, 5,000 feet; one female, Yuma, Arizona, June 25, 1917 (J. M. Aldrich); one female from Fort Grant, Arizona (H. G. Hub- bard); two females from Los Angeles County, California, July; all in the collection of the National Museum. One female in the collec- tion of Prof. J. S. Hine, collected at College Station, Texas. The male in the University of Kansas Museum, labeled ‘Las Cruces, N. M. 7-7,’ designated as type. There are now known to be several very closely related species resembling decens in the southwestern part of the United States. While the males possess outstanding characters, the females I have examined have proved more difficult and have been somewhat uncertainly placed. Females agreeing with the males of decens in the appearance of the arista, the degree of approximation of the vibrissae, and in having the front narrowest just above the base of the antennae have been assigned to this species. EUMACRONYCHIA MONTANA, new species Male very closely resembles /. decens from which it differs in the following characters: Front at narrowest, 0.29 of the head width in One specimen measured; trontal vitta densely pollinose over the yellow; frontal row of about seven weak bristles; one reclinate and two proclinate orbital bristles present; facial depression twice the width of paratacial; length of third joint of antenna three times the second; vibrissae inserted at one-half the length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; in profile, bucca subequal to paratacial, equal to one-fifth eye height; parafacial bare. Prongs of inner forceps of genitalia divergent, but not bowed when viewed trom the rear; outer forceps tapering to points more slender than those ot inner pair, broadly curved towards tips of latter. Wings without costal spine. Pulvilli as long as last tarsal joint; tibia without long villous hairs. Female not known. Type.—Male. Cat. No. 28160, U.S.N.M. Mesilla Park. New Mexico. Described from one male from Mesilla Park, New Mexico (C. N. Ainslie), in the collection of the National Museum; and one male from Mount Superstition, near Higley, Arizona, July 26, 1917, on Agave palmeri (EK. G. Holt), loaned by J. R. Malloch. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 89 EUMACRONYCHIA STERNALIS, new species Very closely resembles F. decens, from which it differs in the following characters: Male.—Front 0.385 of the head width (measurements of two 0.38 and 0.39, respectively); inner orbits parallel from vertex to base of antennae; frontal vitta at level of lowest orbitals twice as wide as either parafrontal; one reclinate and two proclinate orbital bristles; vibrissae strongly approximated, to a distance scarcely exceeding length of second antennal joint; third joint of antenna three times length of second; arista thickened on basal two-fifths. Abdomen black, at least the apex of fourth segment reddish; fourth sternite conspicuously exposed and covered with short dense black villous hairs. Inner forceps of the genitalia, when viewed from behind, not bowed in the middle; outer forceps about as stout as the inner pair, grooved behind, broadly curved toward tip of inner forceps but pointed toward penis at the extreme tip. Villosity on apical flexor surface of middle tibia as long as half the width of tibia; hind tibia with only ordinary black appressed hair. Female.—I have examined several specimens which resemble the male in having the inner orbits nearly parallel and the vibrissae closely approximated and which are evidently conspecific with it. They also very closely resemble the female described for EF. decens, from which they may be distinguished by the following characters: Front slightly wider, averaging 0.415 in four specimens measuring 0.41, 0.41, 0.42, and 0.42, respectively. The first genital segment simulates a fifth abdominal segment, with marginal macrochaetae, but is not arched in an inverted Y-shape manner. Length, 5.0 to 9.0 mm. Type.—Male. Cat. No. U.S.N.M. 28161, Galveston, Texas. Host relationships.—Unknown. Described from one male from Galveston, Texas, VIII—28-1914, Bishopp No. 3516 (F. C. Bishopp); one male from Granada, Nica- ragua (Baker); one female from Las Cruces, New Mexico, July 7, marked “type” and evidently one of Townsend’s cotypes of £. decens incorrectly identified; one female from San Jose de Cabo, southern California (Townsend); one female from Los Angeles County, California, September; al! in the collection of the National Museum. One female from Brewster County, Texas, June 13-17, 1908 (Mitchell and Cushman) occurs in the Museum of Comparative Zoology of Cambridge, Massachusetts; and one female from San Jose, Guatemala, February 5, 1905, was seen in the collection of Prof. J. S. Hine. 90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 EUMACRONYCHIA NIGRICORNIS, new species Male.—Front at narrowest 0.24 of the head width (in the single specimen examined the front appears somewhat crushed in and there- fore may be narrower than normal); face and front yellow, overlaid with silvery pollen; inner orbits most nearly approximated at base of antennae, diverging moderately toward vertex; frontal vitta pale- yellow, with sides slightly convergent to before middle, thence moderately divergent to vertex, at level of lowest orbital one and one- half times width of either parafrontal; nine bristles in frontal row which extends downward as far as base of second antennal joint; one reclinate and two proclinate orbital bristles present; parafrontals with long, erect, black, bristly hairs continuous down over parafacials to lower end of eye; vibrissae separated by a distance nearly twice the length, and inserted one half the length, of the second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; facial ridges with one or two small bristly hairs above vibrissae; antennae with second joint red, third joint black or at most with dense black tomentum over red, three times length of second; arista thickened on basal three-fifths; in profile, buccal width greatly exceeds that of the parafacials and equals one-third the eye height, head length at vibrissae much less than at base of antennae, front projects about one-half the horizontal diameter of the eye; palpi pale yellow, slightly clavate. Thorax gray pollinose, marked with three broad black vittae which are con- tinuous to the scutellum; three postsutural dorsocentral bristles present; scutellum with two pairs of strong marginal bristles, a pair of minute decussate apicals, and another pair of small preapicals. Abdomen black, save the apex of the fourth segment, which is red; basal two-thirds of last three segments gray pollinose with bronzed reflections; apices of the intermediate segments and a broad median dorsal vitta, polished black; first segment with a single lateral bristle; second with one lateral and one strong median marginal pair; third and fourth each with an uninterrupted marginal row of eight to ten bristles; venter clothed with long erect villosity, the length of which exceeds the diameter of the hind femur. Genital segments large, pale yellow, lacking macrochaetae; first segment bare, second clothed with minute black, bristly hairs; inner forceps with black tips, in profile straight nearly to apex, thence curved abruptly forward, claws not divergent; outer forceps less massive and slightly shorter than the inner pair, tapering rapidly to just before the black tips, thence expanding in a small angular head, apposed to the tips of the inner forceps; anterior claspers large, black, sickle-shaped; penis supported by usual heavily chitinized rod terminating in a ring, from the center of which arises a posteriorly directed, bottle-shaped, membranous hood. Wings hyaline; fourth vein with a right-angular bend; section beyond the bend nearly parallel to the hind cross vein; costal ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAM MINI—ALLEN OI] spine minute; third vein with a row of small bristles extending more than half-way to the small cross vein. Legs black; pulvilli of the forefeet as long as, of the other feet, slightly shorter than, the last two tarsal joimts; inner proximal surface of femora with fine erect villosity, in length nearly equal to greatest diameter of femur; middle tribia with one bristle on outer front side near the middle, and with dense erect villosity on inner distal surface equaling diameter of tibia; hind tibia on outside with row of four or five unequal bristles, of which the distal one is much the largest and is inserted just beyond the middle. Femate.—Front at narrowest 0.39 of head width in the single speci- men measured; frontal vitta with its sides parallel. Abdomen with- out macrochaetae on the first segment, a minute pair of median marginals on the second, one lateral and one pair of strong median marginals on the third; venter of abdomen and legs without long erect villosity. The first genital segment simulating a fifth abdominal segment, broadly rounded above, and enclosing two elongate valves which meet ina long slit on the longitudinal-vertical bisecting plane. Pulvilli one-half length of last tarsal joint. Length, 5.5 to 8.0 mm. Type.—Male. Sugar Grove, Ohio, May 19 (J. S. Hine). Allotype.—Female. Sugar Grove, Ohio, May 19 (J. S. Hine). ~ Described from two specimens in the collection of Prof. Hine. Host relationships.—Unknown. EUMACRONYCHIA ELITA Townsend Eumacronychia elita TowNsEND, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 19, p. 100, 1892; vol. 22, p. 74, 1895. Hilarella elita CoquiuuettT, U.S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 129, 1897. Senotainia fasciata CoQquiLueTT, U. 8. Bur. Ent. Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 81, 1897. Male.—Front at narrowest 0.34 of the head width (measurements of two being 0.382 and 0.36 respectively); vitta yellow, when viewed from the front, whitish pollinose, narrower than parafrontal at base of antennae, but gradually widening to three times width of para- frontal at ocellar triangle; parafrontals silvery, destitute of bristly hairs; about six bristles in frontal row; parafacials, facial depression and bucca silvery white; vibrissae inserted slightly more than half length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; antennae extend four-fifths distance to vibrissae, second joint red, third joint yellow with dark reflections or black, the anterior apical margin sharply angulate, length one and one-half to two and one-half times second; arista thickened on basal three-fifths; parafacials bare; in profile, buccal width equals one-third eye height, length of head at vibrissae slightly less than at base ot antennae, epistoma not protruding; proboscis almost as long as head; palpi yellow and dis- 92 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 tinctly clavate. Thorax densely gray pollinose, with two obscure vittae; scutellum with two pairs of strong marginal bristles, apical pair lacking. Abdomen black; segments shining on apices; basal halves of last three with broad white pollinose bands sharply defined from the black and not extending over the venter, first abdominal segment with one lateral and one weak median marginal pair ot bristles, second with one lateral and one strong median marginal pair, the last two with marginal rows of about eight, the marginal bristles of the third as strong as those of the fourth segment. Genitalia large, black, in repose prominently extruding from tip of abdomen, exposed for distance about two-thirds the length of the fourth abdominal segment; second genital segment distinctly longer than first. Wings hyaline; posterior cross vein parallel with the nearly straight section of the fourth vein beyond the bend; last section of fifth vein equals one-third the preceding section; costa with a small spine; third vein with a row of small bristles reaching more than halt way to small cross vein. Legs black; pulvilli of fore feet nearly one and one-half times length of last tarsa] joint; one small bristle on outer front side of middle tibia near its middle; hind tibia with two unequal bristles on outside surface before the middle. Female.—Not known. Length, 3.0 to 5.0 mm. Host relationship.—Unknown. Redescribed from the type, which is a male from Las Cruces, New Mexico, August 7, and another male from the same locality, Sep- tember 17, which is Coquillett’s type for Senotainia fasciata, both in the National Museum. EUMACRONYCHIA ROHWERI, new species Male.—Front in the single specimen measured 0.31 of the head width; frontal vitta yellow, with parallel sides on anterior half, moderately divergent posteriorly, at level of lowest orbitals slightly more than twice as wide as the parafrontal; vertex gray pollinose; parafrontals, whole of face and bucca white pollinose; seven to nine bristles in the frontal row; one reclinate and two proclinate orbital bristles; a few black bristly hairs on the parafrontals outside the frontal rows; vibrissae less than one-half length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; facial ridges with but one or two small bristly hairs just above vibrissae; antennae extend four-fifths distance to vibrissae, second joint brown, third joint black with its length two and one-half times the second and the outer apical angle bluntly pomted; arista thickened on basal two-fifths; parafacials sparsely covered with black bristly hairs; in profile, buccal width nearly equals one-third eye height; proboscis distinctly shorter than height of head; palpi clavate, black. Thorax gray pollinose, merging ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 93 with brown on the notum, with three to five obscure black vittae; scutellum with two pairs of strong marginal bristles, apicals lacking, one pair of weak preapicals. Abdomen black, the last three segments each with a sharply defined, white pollinose band on the basal two- thirds, prolonged ventrally to the sternum; first two adbominal segments each with two or more weak laterals and a strong median pair of marginal bristles, third and fourth with uninterrupted marginal rows. Genitalia in repose, prominent, extruding from fourth abdominal segment for distance equal to their length; genital segments shining black, first smaller than the second; fifth sternite conspicuous, armed posteriorly with a tuft of stubby spines, laterally with slender bristles. Wings hyaline; fourth vein beyond the bend slightly arcuate and parallel with the hind cross vein; section from bend to hind cross vein about one-half as long as preceding section; last section of fifth vein about one-fourth as long as preceding section; one small costal spine; third vein with row of small bristles extending approximately half way to small cross vein. Legs black; pulvilli of fore feet one and one-fourth times as long as last tarsal joint; middle tibia with one bristle on outer front side beyond the middle; hind tibia on outside with row of four unequal bristles terminating in the strongest, slightly beyond the middle. Female.—Not known. _ Length, 6.5 mm. Type.—Male, Cat. No. 2811, U.S.N.M. Host relationships.—Unknown. Described from a single male, Florissant, Colorado, June 28, 1908, (S. A. Rohwer) in the National Museum labeled “ rohweri.’’ EUMACRONYCHIA ELONGATA, new species Male.—Front 0.365 of the head width (in two specimens measured 0.36 and 0.37 respectively) ; front including the vitta, face, and bueca, densely white pollinose, merging with gray pollen at vertex; vitta with parallel sides to middle thence moderately divergent to vertex, at level of lowest orbitals twice width of parafrontal; frontal row of about six weak bristles extending to base of antennae; one reclinate and two proclinate orbital bristles; parafrontals almost destitute ot bristly hairs; vibrissae inserted one-half second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; one or two small bristles above vibrissae on facial ridges; first two antennal joints brown, third black and two and one-half times length of second; arista thickened on basal two-fifths; parafacials moderately black setulose; in profile, bucca wider than parafacials at their narrowest and nearly one-half eye height, front projects more than half the horizontal diameter of eye; proboscis shghtly shorter than head height; palpi black, distinctly flattened and enlarged at the tip, subfoliaceous. Thorax gray pollinose with two 94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 68 narrow obscure vittae near median line, and clothed with short suberect hair; scutellum with two pairs of marginals of which the lateral pair is distinctly smaller. Abdomen long and slender, black, densely overlaid with grayish, bronze-tinged pollen to apices of all the segments; first three segments each with a strong median marginal pair of bristles and two to three strong laterals, fourth with the usual uninterrupted marginal row. Male genitalia prominent, in repose, extruding from tip of abdomen for distance equal to length of last abdominal segment; first segment subshining black with subapical row of about four bristles; second segment dull reddish, sparsely pollinose, moderately beset with fine black hairs; inner forceps black, much less massive than outer pair, about three times longer than greatest width, tapering abruptly to beyond middle, thence gradually to weak, slender, slightly curved tips, united to beyond middle, tips separated by linear cleft; outer forceps yellow at base, tapering abruptly to near tips, thence expanded into large, polished black, laterally compressed, lanceolate points, when viewed from rear the forceps display an inwardly directed angle near the base beyond which they are strongly bowed; penis slender, black, strongly chitinized to tip, hood in profile triangular with a minute membranous process at posterior angle and a spiniferous pit between the posterior and apical angles; posterior claspers large and bearmg a prominent bristle, anterior clasper vestigial; fifth sternite much enlarged and heavily chitinized, punctate, with a broad U-shaped cleft fringed with a row of long hairs terminating at the lateral angle which is produced as a strong black tooth; fourth sternite closing the genital cavity anterioriy and bearing ventrally near the apex, two small combs of short black bristles. Wings hyaline; small costal spine present; third vein bristly about one-half way to small cross vein. Legs black; pulvilli of fore feet as long as last two tarsal joints; middle tibia with usual bristle on outer front side near middle; hind tibia on outside with three unequal bristles of which the most distal, located slightly beyond the middle, is the largest. Female.—Not known. Length, 7.0 mm. Type.—Male, in the Canadian National Collection from Onah, Manitoba, 21-VI-1921 (P. Vroom). Host relationships.—Unknown. Described from the type, and one other male specimen, Glenboro, Manitoba, 7-VI-1920 (H. A. Robertson), in the Canadian National Collection. ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 95 Genus GYMNOPROSOPA Townsend Gymnoprosopa TOWNSEND, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 19, p. 108, 1892, type, polita; Smithson. Mise. Coll., vol. 51, p. 64, 1908.—CoaQuILLeErt, U. S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 128, 1897; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. vol. 37, p. 548, 1910 (Hilarella). This genus also, has long been considered synonymous with Hila- rella. Genotype specimens of Hilarella and Gymnoprosopa posesss rather striking differences in the conformation of the head and in the distribution of pollen on the abdomen, which are linked with certain minor variations, constant among the species of the respec- tive groups, and should certainly be considered distinct genera. From the more nearly related genus Eumacronychia, Gymnoprosopa differs in having the male genitalia minute, not highly specialized, in repose, largely concealed within the tip of the abdomen, while the female genitalia are small and inconspicuous. These characters associated with smallness, the presence of three pairs of marginal scutellar bristles of which the apical pair is at least as strong as the extreme laterals, and the contour of the inner orbits which are not more nearly approximated near base of antennae than at the vertex, readily distinguish Gymnoprosopa from EHumacronychia. Other char- acters of the genus are as follows: Inner orbits not pinched in at level of vibrissae; frontal vitta light red or yellow, at least as wide as the parafrontal; lunule scarcely visible; a single frontal row of bristles terminating at base of anten- nae, not suddenly divergent below; proclinate ocellar bristles present; orbitals in both sexes; antennae distinctly more than half as long as the face; penultimate joint of arista short; vibrissae distinctly less than length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; in profile, head length at vibrissae sometimes subequal, usually much less than at base of antennae; lower part of bucca with sparse black bristly hairs; no pale hairs about the oral cavity; proboscis moderately stout, shorter than the head height, with fleshy labella and normal palpi. Thorax with three strong postsutural dorsocentral bristles and two sternopleurals. Pollen on intermediate segments of abdo- men arranged in basal bands which are not scalloped or indented on the apical margin; abdomen never marked with large black spots. Wing with the apical cell open; only the third vein bristly, last section of fifth vein less than half the length of preceding section. Joint of fore tarsus not ornamented, conspicuously reduced in size, flattened, or otherwise modified from the normal in either sex; pul- villi of male variable in length. None of the species of this genus are known to occur outside the continental North American area, and I have as yet seen no speci- mens from north of the continental United States. The genus is 96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vor. 68 composed of several species of attenuated or possibly discontinuous distribution. Not one of the species is definitely known to have a transcontinental range, and specimens from west of the Mississippi River are not frequently seen in collections. Possibly polita has the widest range, being recorded from Ithaca, New York, to the Animas Mountains, New Mexico, and Florida. Very little is known of the ecology of any of the species of this genus. Scattered information indicates that they frequent low foliage and may be attracted to flowers. Nathan Banks writes that the adults of some species are found feeding frequently on honeydew falling from the tulip tree, Liriodendron tulipifera, in Virginia, and W. L. McAtee has collected another species on the flowers of Ceanothus americanus. Nothing is known of the host relationships in this group. KEY TO NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF GYMNOPROSOPA = ie Paratacials with black bristly hairs._-_2- 5. 522 2852420 ee eee 4, Parafacials bare, or at most with minute, scarcely visible hairs____________ 2. 2. Last three segments of abdomen Holiness on basal half, the pollinose bands thickly beset with black bristly hairs; extreme lateral pair of scutellar bristles as strong as the apicals; preapicals present___________--___-_- Sede Last three segments of abdomen pollinose on basal third of segment; pollinose bands almost free of bristly hairs; bristles of third abdominal segment as strong as those of fourth; extreme lateral pair of scutellar bristles weaker than apical pair; preapicals lacking; front pulvilli of male less than half as long; asilastjtarsalejointe ees) = any. Ses pas ae She Pea eee polita Townsend. 3. Frontal vitta pale yellow; third vein with one small bristle near its base; hind cross vein nearly parallel to section of fourth vein beyond the bend; front pulivilli of male one-fourth as long as last tarsal joint; first and second abdominal segments with red on sides___________- pallida, new species. Frontal vitta dark yellow to red; third vein with two or three bristles at its base; hind cross vein not parallel to section of fourth vein beyond the bend but perpendicular to preceding section; front pulvilli of male as long as last tarsal joint; first and second abdominal segments without red on the sides argentifrons Townsend. 4. With three or four proclinate orbital bristles; palpi clavate; third antennal joint conspicuously inflated; second and third abdominal segments pollinose on basal halts re es ae ens ee ee ee ee ee ee inflaticornis, new species. With only two proclinate orbital bristles; palpi filiform; third antennal joint not inflated; second and third abdominal segments pollinose on basal third. filipalpus, new species. GYMNOPROSOPA POLITA Townsend Gymnoprosopa polita TowNsEND, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 19, p. 109, 1892. Gymnoprosopa clarifrons TOWNSEND, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 19, p. 109, 1892. Hilarella polita CoquiLueTT, U.S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No.7, p. 128, 1897.— Aupricu, Cat. of N. A. Diptera, p. 447, 1905.—Smiru, Ins. of New Jersey, p. 782, 1909.—Jounson, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 32, p. 73, 1913. After reexamining types of polita, argentifrons, and clarifrons together with a fairly long series of specimens not previously available art.9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 97 to Coquillett or Aldrich, it becomes evident that polita and clarifrons are synonymous, but that argentifrons, considered synonymous with ‘polita by the above, is clearly a distinct species. Female.—Front at narrowest 0.43 of head width (measurements of four 0.40,0.42,0.44,and 0.45, respectively), noticeably flattened; frontal vitta yellow, with the sides nearly parallel but perceptibly wider at the reclinate orbital than at either end, slightly more than twice width of parafrontal at lowest orbitals; five to six moderately strong bristles in frontal row; one reclinate and two proclinate orbital bristles; the orbitals, ocellars and inner verticals slightly larger than the frontal bristles; parafrontals silvery, bare or rarely with a few sparse hairs; facial ridges with one or two minute bristles just above vi- brissae; face silvery; parafacials bare; in profile, buccal width one- fourth eye height; vibrissae slightly more than half length second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; antennae extend four-fifths distance from their base to the vibrissae; second joint red; third joint black and three times as long as the second, straight along front edge with blunt point at outer apical angle; arista thickened on basal half; proboscis slightly less than head height; palpi yellow, dis- tinctly clavate. Thorax gray pollinose over black, with bronze reflections on notum, and with three black vittae of which the median one is narrower than the other two; scutellum with three pairs of marginal bristles of which the extreme lateral pair is distinctly smaller than the apical, but both are much weaker than the inter- mediate pair. Abdomen shining black, excepting silvery pollinose bases of the last three segments, the pollinose bands less than one- third length of segments, terminating abruptly at the side and not continued ventrally; first segment without bristles, second with one lateral and one median marginal pair, third and fourth with marginal rows of about ten, the bristles of third segment as large or slightly larger than those of the fourth. Wings subhyaline, slightly smoky along the costal margin; last section of fourth vein slightly arcuate and not parallel to the hind cross vein which joins the fourth vein a little less than half the distance from its bend to the small cross vein; last section of fifth vein one-fourth the length of preceding section; two small costal spines; third vein with row of small bristles extending more than half way to small cross vein. Legs black; pulvilli less than half length of last tarsal joint; middle tibia with single bristle on outer front side near middle; hind tibia with row of two to four unequal bristles on outside extending to slightly below the middle. Male.—Front at narrowest 0.39 of head width (measurements of three 0.36, 0.39, 0.41, respectively); frontal vitta diverging slightly towards vertex, more than three times width of parafrontal at lowest orbitals; third joint of antennae three and one-half times as long a second. A tuft of conspicuous hairs located on ventral side of 54292—26+ 7 98 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 68 fourth abdominal segment. Genitalia in repose concealed within fourth abdominal segment so that apex is barely visible in lateral view; claws of inner forceps rounded and widely divergent from near base, in profile view, bent backward at middle and slightly forward at tip; outer forceps much stouter than inner pair, tapering gradually to spoonlike tips; penis with a black, heavily chitinized, S-shaped process on anterior part of hood. Pulvilli not more than half as long as last tarsal joint. Otherwise resembling the female. Length, 4.5 mm. Type.—In the University of Kansas Museum. Range.—New York, New Jersey, Virginia, Ohio, Illinois, Missis- sippi, Florida, Kansas, New Mexico. Host relationships.—Unknown. Redescribed from the type, a female from southern Florida (Rob- ertson) ; a male from the same locality (Robertson), and several other specimens in the University of Kansas Museum, the National Museum, the Museum of Comparative Zoology of Cambridge, Massachusetts, and the collections of Prof. J. S. Hine and the writer, from the following localities: one male, Baldwin, Kansas; one female, southern Illinois (Robertson); one female, Wild Horse Canyon, Animas Mountains, New Mexico, 5,000 feet; one female, Rosslyn, Virginia, May 1, 1913 (R. C. Shannon); one female, Woodbury, New Jersey; one female and two males from Falls Church, Virginia, the males from the honeydew of tulip-tree; one female, Ithica, New York, August 11, 1905 (H. E. Smith); one female, West Point, Mississippi, May 15, 1921 (H. W. Allen); one male, Agricultural and Mechanical College, Mississippi, April 2, 1921 (H. W. Allen); one male, Columbus, Ohio. Townsend’s type for G. clarifrons which is a male from southern Illinois, corresponds in all distinguishable characters with the type female of polita which is from southern Florida. GYMNOPROSOPA ARGENTIFRONS Townsend Gymnoprospa argentifrons TOWNSEND, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 19, p. 109, 1892.—CoquittErt, U. S. Bur. Ent., Tech. Ser., No. 7, p. 129, 1897, equals Hilarella polita—Atupricu, Cat. N. A. Dipt., p. 447, 1905, equals Hilarella polita. Male.—Front at narrowest 0.34 of head width (measurements of four 0.32, 0.33, 0.33, and 0.37, respectively); frontal vitta divergent from base of antennae, at most only sighsly wider at middle than at vertex, red, sometimes overlaid with silvery pollen, two to four times as wide as parafrontal at lowest orbitals; five to seven bristles in frontal row; one reclinate and two proclinate orbital bristles; no hairs on front outside of frontal rows; face silvery; antennae black, extending seven-eighths distance from base to vibrissae; third joint ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 99 with its front edge concave and its length five times that of second; arista thickened on basal three-fifths; facial ridges bare; parafacials bare or with almost imperceptible hairs; vibrissae inserted at less than half the length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; in profile, head length at vibrissae distinctly less than at base of antennae, buccal width equaling one-fourth eye height; proboscis distinctly shorter than head height; palpi yellow and mod- erately calvate at tip. Thorax black, overlaid with gray pollen, tinged with bronze on notum; two widely separated broad black vittae, and occasionally a narrower indistinct median one; scutellum with three pairs of marginal bristles, the nearly equal apical and lateral pairs both smaller than the intermediate pair. Abdomen black, last three segments polished on their broad apices, white pollinose bands on anterior half of the segments which are not sharply defined from the black and are prologned laterally and ventrally to near median ventral line; abdomen clothed with usual black appressed hairs which extend well into the pollinose areas from behind; first segment without bristles, second with one lateral and one strong median marginal pair, third and fourth each with uninterrupted marginal rows of about eight, the bristles of the third scarcely equalling those of the fourth segment. Genitalia in repose, largely concealed within abdomen, normally extruding one-fourth length of fourth abdominal segment; claws of inner forceps flattened and united near the tip; outer forceps becoming slender near apex, then suddenly expanded into sharp-pointed, plow-shaped_ tips. Wings slightly infuscated; section of fourth vein beyond bend strongly arcuate; hind cross vein oblique to last section of fourth vein which it joins about two-fifths distance from the bend to the small cross vein; a small costal spine present; three to five small bristles on third vein extending about half way from its base to small cross vein. Legs black; pulvilli of fore feet varying from subequal to slightly longer than last tarsal joint; middle tibia with one bristle on outer front side near middle; hind tibia on outside with two or three unequal bristles not extending far beyond the middle. Female.—Front at narrowest 0.385 of head width (in two specimens measuring 0.38 and 0.39 respectively) ; third antennal joint three and one-half to four times length of second. Genitalia of usual non- piercing type almost wholly concealed within the abdomen. Other- wise like the male. Length, 4.0 to 6.0 mm. Host relationships.—Unknown. Redescribed from the type which is a male from southern Florida, loaned from the University of Kansas Museum and several other specimens as follows: In the collection of the National Museum, one female from southern Florida labeled “Gymnoprosopa”; one 100 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 male from Opelousas, Louisiana, May 1907; two females from Lafayette, Indiana, labeled July 12 and July 16, 1915 (J. M. Aldrich). In the collection of Nathan Banks, one female, July 4, two males and one female, July 12 from honeydew on tulip tree, one female on August 30 from honeydew on tulip tree, and another specimen on May 31, all from Falls Church, Virginia, collected by Nathan Banks. In my collection, one male from Starksville, Mississippi, May 10, 1923 (H. W. Chalkley). GYMNOPROSOPA FILIPALPUS, new species Male.—Front at narrowest 0.355 of head width (measurements of two 0.35 and 0.36 respectively); frontal vitta reddish-yellow, its sides parallel or sometimes widest at the middle where the width equals three to five times that of the parafrontal; six strong bristles in the frontal row; one reclinate and two proclinate orbital bristles; parafrontals silvery pollinose over yellow, all of face and bucca silvery; bristly black hairs extend from the orbitals down over para- facials to lower end of eyes; vibrissae not more than half length of second antennal joint above front edge of oral margin; facial ridges bare save for one or two hairs just above insertion of vibrissae; antennae extend almost to vibrissae; second joint dark brown to yellowish; third joint black, three and one-half to five times length of second; arista thickened on basal third; in profile, head length at vibrissae much less than at base of antennae, buccal width equals one-fourth eye height; proboscis two-thirds as long as head height; palpi pale-yellow, nearly filiform. Thorax gray pollinose over black with three shining black vittae of which the outer two are broad, the inner one much narrower; scutellum with three pairs of marginal bristles of which the lateral and apical pairs are equal, both much smaller than the intermediate pair. Abdomen shining black; seg- ments two to four with gray pollen on their basal third; first segment without bristles, second with one lateral and one median marginal pair, the third and fourth each with a marginal row of six strong bristles. Genitalia in repose, almost completely concealed within abdomen; both genital segments black, sparsely covered with bristly hairs of the same size as those of the abdomen, first segment with a subapical row of about four distinct bristles; inner forceps black, sparsely covered with black bristly hairs, bulbous at base, tapering abruptly to slender tips which when viewed from behind are half as long as the basal part, claws moderately divergent at the tips; outer forceps yellow, as long as the inner pair, slender on apical half, slightly clavate at tip, curved gently towards tips of inner forceps. Wings infuscated towards costal margin, anal margin hyaline; section of fourth vein beyond the bend strongly arcuate; posterior cross vein perpendicular to fourth vein which it joins nearly halfway between ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN 101 the bend and the small cross vein; one strong costal spine; third vein with three to four bristles which extend more than half way from its base to the small cross vein. Legs black; pulvilli of fore feet usually distinctly longer than last tarsal joint; middle tibia with a single bristle on outer front side near the middle; hind tibia on outside with two to four unequal bristles not extending far beyond the middle. Female.—Front at narrowest 0.34 of head width (measurements of six 0.33, 0.33, 0.34, 0.35, 0.35, 0.35, respectively) ; pulvilli short, those of fore feet much shorter than last tarsal joint; genitalia of usual type and largely concealed within abdomen. Otherwise like the male. Length, 3.5 to 5.5 mm. Type and allotype.—Cat. No. 28163, U.S.N.M., type, male, Mc- Henry, Mississippi. Allotype, female, Miami, Florida, September 8. Host relationships.—Unknown. Range.—Virginia, Georgia, Mississippi, Florida. Described from the following material: In the National Museum, one male and three females from Georgia; one male from Enterprise, Florida; seventeen females from Miami, Florida, taken on several dates in September (C. H. T. Townsend); one male from McHenry, Missis- Sippi, September 11, 1922 (H. W. A.). In the collection of Nathan Banks, three females from Falls Church, Virginia, June 2, July 4, and September 13, respectively, labeled “on chinquipin” (N. Banks). In the collection of J. R. Malloch, one male labeled June 24, and one female, June 17, Bancroft, Virginia, from flowers of Ceanothus ameri- canus (W. L. McAtee). GYMNOPROSOPA PALLIDA, new species Male.—Front at narrowest measured in one specimen 0.36 of head width; inner orbits strongly narrowed at base of antennae; all of face _and front including the vitta silvery pollinose, with dark reflections at the vertex; vitta pale yellow when viewed from above, moderately divergent from base of antennae to vertex, at level of lowest orbitals four to five times width of parafrontal; about nine bristles in frontal row; one reclinate and two proclinate orbital bristles; parafrontals beset with bristly hairs; vibrissae at level of oral margin; antennae black, extending five-sixths distance to vibrissae, third joint four times length of second; arista thickened on basal three-fifths; facial ridges divergent, with only one or two microscopic hairs just above the vibrissae; in profile, bucca narrower than parafacials and equal to one-eighth eye height, front projects over one-third eye diameter, head length at vibrissae much less than at base of antennae; palpi yellow with blackish tips, strongly clavate. Thorax thinly gray pollinose over black, with five obscure black vittae of which the outer two are broader than the three narrow median ones; scutellum with three pairs of marginal bristles, the lateral pair distinctly larger than 102 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 the apicals and both smaller than the strong intermediate pair; pre- apicals present. Abdomen black, sides of first and second segment dull-reddish; last three segments with a pollinose band on the basal half, which is invaded from behind by many bristly hairs; first two segments each with a median marginal pair of bristles, the third with a median marginal pair and two or three laterals, the fourth with a marginal row of about ten bristles; macrochaetae of middle segments of the same size as those of fourth segment. Genitalia black, in repose largely concealed within tip of abdomen and not visible from the side. Wings hyaline; hind cross vein nearly parallel to section of fourth vein beyond the bend; costal spine lacking; one bristly hair at base of third vein. Legs black; pulvilli of fore feet less than one- fourth length of last tarsal joint; middle tibia with a single bristle on outer front side near the middle; hind tibia with four to five unequal bristles on outside extending to slightly beyond the middle. Length, 4.0 mm. Type.—Male, Cat. No. 28164, U.S.N.M. Host relationships.—Unknown. Described from a single male from Horseshoe Bend, Idaho, col- lected by Dr. J. M. Aldrich in 1900. GYMNOPROSOPA INFLATICORNIS, new species Female.—Front at narrowest 0.4 of the head width from measure- ments of two which were 0.40 and 0.40 respectively; frontal vitta yellow, sides parallel or slightly expanded at the middle where width of vitta is three times that of parafrontal; parafrontals gray polli- nose, merging into silvery pollinose on face and bucca; about ten bristles in the frontal row, those at the back scarcely larger than the parafrontal hairs which are most densely grouped just anterior to the lowest ocellus, where a few hairs occur on the frontal vitta be- tween the frontal rows; one reclinate and three or four proclinate orbital bristles; vibrissae level with front edge of oral margin; facial ridges with a small cluster of bristly hairs on the lowest fifth; antennae extend five-sixths distance from their base to the vibrissae; second joint brown; third joint black, inflated saclike, conspicuously pitted, not pointed at the outer apical angle, from three and one- half to four times length of second joint; arista thickened on basal half; parafacials sparsely beset with black bristly hairs, continuous from parafrontals; in profile, bueca equals one-third eye height; proboscis distinctly shorter than head height; palpi clavate, yellow with blackish tips. Thorax gray pollinose over black, with three obscure vittae; scutellum with three pairs of marginal bristles of about equal size and a somewhat smaller preapical pair. Abdomen shining black, last three segments with white pollinose bands sharply defined from the black and confined to basal half of the segment but ART. 9 TWO-WINGED FLIES OF TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI—ALLEN- 103 prolonged laterally and ventrally to near the median ventral line; second segment with a lateral and one median marginal pair of bris- tles, third and fourth each with a marginal row of about eight; all abdominal macrochaetae weak, being comewhat shorter than the segment upon which they occur. Wings hyaline; fourth vein be- yond bend but slightly arcuate, parallel to hind cross vein; last section of fifth vein equals one-third preceding section; one very small costal spine; three or four small bristles on third vein extend- ing scarcely halfway to small cross vein. Legs black; pulvilli dis- tinctly shorter than the last tarsal joint; middle tibia with one bristle on outer front side near middle; hind tibia on outside with row of six to nine unequal bristles, extending considerably below the middle. Male.—Not known. Length, 4.0 to 5.0 mm. Type.—Female. Cat. No. 28165, U.S.N.M. Pecos, New Mexico. Host relationships.—Unknown. Described from two females in the National Museum from the following localities: Pecos, New Mexico, September. 5 (Cockerell) ; Las Vegas, New Mexico, 1918, labeled ‘“‘T. D. 4430” (H. S. Barber). EXPLANATION OF PLATES PLATE 1 a c=anterior claspers; i f=inner forceps; 0 f=outer forceps; p= penis; p c=pos- terior claspers. Fig. 1. Male genitalia of Metopia leucocephala Rossi. 2. Male genitalia of Metopia campestris Fallén. 3. Male genitalia of Hilarella hilarella Zetterstedt. 4. Male genitalia of Sphenometopa tergata Coquillett. 5. Male genitalia of Opsidia gonioides Coquillett. 6. Male genitalia of Phrosinella fulvicornis Coquillett. PuaTE 2 For explanation of letter see Plate 1. Fie. 7. Male genitalia of Senotainia trilineata Van der Wulp. 8. Male genitalia of Senotainia rubriventris Macquart. 9. Male genitalia of Senotainia flavicornis Townsend. 10. Male genitalia of Senotainia litoralis Allen. 11. Male genitalia of Senotainia vigilans Allen. 12. Male genitalia of Pachyophthalmus floridensis Townsend. PLATE 3 For explanation of letters see Plate 1. Fia. 13. Male genitalia of Pachyophthalmus signatus Meigen 14. Male genitalia of Pachyophthalmus distortus, new species. 15. Fore tarsus of male, Phrosinella pilosifrons, new species, viewed from the side. 104 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 Fig. 16. Fore tarsus of male, Phrosinella aldrichi, new species, viewed from the inside. 17. Fore tarsus of female, Phrosinella fulvicornis Coquillett, viewed from above. 18. Fore tarsus of male, Sphenometopa nebulosa Coquillett, viewed from the side 19. Fore tarsus of male, Metopia campestris Fallén, viewed from above. PLATE 4 a g=accessory gland; a p=accessory pouch of uterus; o=ovary; 0 d=oviduct; s=spermatheca; w=uterus Fria. 20. Reproductive organs of female, Senotainia trilineata Van der Wulp. 21. Puparium of Senotainia vigilans Allen, Dorsal aspect. 22. Reproductive organs of female, Senotainia vigilans. 23. Head of Senotainia vigilans. 24. Wing of Senotainia vigilans. 25. Reproductive organs of female, Senotainia litoralis Allen. 26. Egg (from uterus) of Opsidia gonioides Coquillett. PLATE 5 Fig. 27. Posterior end of puparium of Senotainia vigilans Allen. d=spiracu- lar depression; s /=slits in posterior spiracle; st=posterior spiracle or stigma . Second instar larva of Senotainia trilineata Van der Wulp. Lateral aspect of anterior end. I, II, and III=thoracice segments; a s= anterior spiracle. 29. Buccopharyngeal armature of the first instar (uterine) larva of Phro- sinella fulvicornis Coquillett. b p=basal piece; 1 h=lateral hooks; m h=median hook; p-H = H-piece. 30. Buccopharyngeal armature of the first instar (uterine) larva of Seno- tainia rubriventris Macquart. For explanation of letters see fig. 29. 31. Buccopharyngeal armature of the first instar (uterine) larva of Seno- tainia trilineata Van der Wulp. For explanation of letters see fig. 29. 32. Buccopharyngeal armature of the first instar (uterine) larva of Seno- tainia litoralis Allen. For explanation of letters see fig. 29. 33. Buccopharyngeal apparatus of the first instar (uterine) larva of Seno- tainia vigilans. For explanation of letters see fig. 29. 34. Buccopharyngeal armature of the second instar larva of Senotainia trilineata showing the lateral hooks of the succeeding instar in pro- cess of formation. a p=accessory process of the basal piece; b p=basal piece; i p=intermediate or H-piece; 1 h=lateral hooks; lh IJ J=lateral hooks of the third instar partly formed. 35. Diagramatic outline of spiracular depression at posterior end of pupa- rium of Phrosinella fulvicornis. For explanation of letters see fig. 27. bo Go U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. 9 PL. | AMERICAN SPECIES OF TWO-WINGED FLIES OF THE TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 103 54292—26+ Ss U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. 9 PL. 2 AMERICAN SPECIES OF TWO-WINGED FLIES OF THE TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 103 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. 9 PL. 3 IS AMERICAN SPECIES OF TWO-WINGED FLIES OF THE TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 103 AND 104 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. 9 PL. 4 “ap AMERICAN SPECIES OF TWO-WINGED FLIES OF THE TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 104 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 68, ART. 9 PL. 5 mh bp AMERICAN SPECIES OF TWO-WINGED FLIES OF THE TRIBE MILTOGRAMMINI FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 104 INDEX This index includes all of the generic and specific names of flies treated in this paper. names are in bold-faced type; the valid specific names in Roman; synonymy in italics. The valid generic W here more than one page reference occurs, the most important one is given last. Page aldrichi, new species Phrosinella__- _ 70, 75 amabilis Meigen (Tachina) —------------- a2 52 americanus Brauer and Bergenstamm Ar- OTL) US eee ee en a ee Pee eee ae 2 Anicia Robineau-Desvoidy_-_---------------- 46 anomalus Zetterstedt (Tachina)----_____-_-- 13 Araba Robineau-Desvoidy-__----_--------- 46, 62, 63 Arabella Robineau-Desvoidy - --_------------ 46, 63 Arabiopsis Towmnsend.......----..-=~s--_---- 62, 63 argentifrons Townsend, Gymnoprosopa__-__- 96, 98 argentifrons Townsend (Miltogramma) - - ---- 32 Argyrella Robineau-Desvoidy __------------- 46 Argyria Robineau-Desvoidy_-_--------------- 46 aristalis (Coquillett) Oestrohilarella_—______- 40 aurifrons Townsend Pachophthalmus--_----- 13 biseta (Thomson) Senotainia__--_------------ 21 brunnicosa Robineau-Desvoidy Misellia____- 79 caesia Robineau-Desvoidy Ophelia_______-__- 52 campestris Fallén Metopia__---_ 47, 48, 55, 57, 62, 52 cinerascens Townsend (Mittogramma) -_-___- 32 cinerea Robineau-Desvoidy Ophelia___-___._- 52 clarifrons Townsend Gymnoprosopa____----- 96, 98 cocklei (Townsend) Sphenometopa_________- 64, 67 crassicornis Perris Metopia_-_-_-__------------ De decens Townsend Eumacronychia_____ 85, 88, 89, 86 decisa Townsend (Miltogramma) ______-____- 24, 32 demissa Robineau-Desvoidy Ophelia________- 52 distortus, new species Pachyophthalmus____ 9,15 elita Townsend Eumacronychia--_---------- 85, 86 elongata, new species, Eumacronychia__-___- 86, 93 Elpigia Robineau-Desvoidy—_-_----------__- 82 erythrocera Thomson (Miltogrammia) ------- 2 erythrura (Van der Wulp) Pachyophthal- cee tees er ee ee 2, 9, 11, 21 Euaraba Townsend______-- sem R ae eS een A 62, 63 Euhilaretla Townsend --_..------------------ 68, 69 Eumachronychia Townsend __----- 6, 7, 40, 69, 95, 84 Eumetopia Brauer and Bergenstamm_-_-—--_- 62, 63 Euselenomyia Townsend 17 Eusenotainia Townsend _____------ eee 17 fasciata Coquillett Senotainia_.---------- 21,91 filipalpis, new species Gymnoprosopa___---- 96, 100 flavescens, Macquart Metopia__--------_- E 52 flaviecornis (Townsend) Senotainia________- 20, 22 floridensis (Townsend) Pachyophthalmus __- 8, 9, 13, 10 fulvicornis (Coquillett) Phrosinella_-_---_--- 69, 70 fulvicornis (Van der Wulp) Senotainia______- 21 fumosa, new species Phrosinella---------- 70, 71, 74 Page gonioides Coquillett Opsidia________- 42 gracilis Robineau-Desvoidy Ophelia __- s 52 Gymnoprosopa Townsend__-_-___-__-_____- 6, 85, 95 heteroneura (Meigen) Taxigramma______- ae 282,80) Heteropterina Macquart _- 82 Hilarella Rondani---22---- 2-22 95, 78 hilarella (Zetterstedt) Hilarella , 79 hinei, new species Pachyophthalmus________ 9, 12 inermis, new species Metopia_______-_- 48, 56, 62, 54 inflaticornis, new species Gymnoprosopa_-_ 96, 102 kansensis Townsend (Miltogramma)__-_.____ 22, 23 lateralis Macquart Metopia___.-._.._._- 2, 47, 48, 58 lateropili, new species Metopia_------_-_____- 48, 57 leucocephala (Rossi) Metopia__---.---_-_- 47, 51, 48 litoralis Allen Senotainia____.__.________- 20, 26, 29 luggeri Townsend Metopia_-__----------___- 49 lutescens Robineau-Desvoidy Ophelia_______- 52 Megaera Robineau-Desvoidy__________- E 16 meridiana Townsend Metopia_-_______-____- 49 Metopia Meigen__-__--.-.---------- 6, 19, 63, 65, 85, 45 metopioides, new species Opsidia________-___ 42, 44 Microsenotainia Townsend___-_-_------_______- 17 minuta Robineau-Desvoidy Elpigia_______- 83 Misellia Robineau-Desvoidy__----------____- 16 modesta Reinhard (Chaetoplagia) ------____- 45 montana, new Species Eumachronychia______ 86, 88 morrisoni Townsend Parametopia_____- 58 nana Van der Wulp (Miltogramma)___- See Dol nana Coquillett Senotainia__---_--_______- = 21530 nasoni, Coquillett Heteropterina_______- ae ne 83 Nasonimyia Townsend ______------------ nas 82 nebulosa (Coquillett) Sphenometopa_ —__- 63, 64, 66 nigricornis, new species Eumacronychia_____ 86, 90 oblata Townsend Opsidiopsis_---------_____- 45 Oestrohilarella Townsend___-_______- _ 6,40 opaca, new species Metopia__-________- 48, 49, 50 Ophelia Robineau-Desvoidy------_____- ae 46 Opsidia Coquillett_____- 6, 41 Opsidiopsis ‘Townsend 6, 44 Pachyophthalmus Brauerand Bergenstamm_ 4, 20, 7 pallida, new species, Gymnoprosopa-- _ 96, 101 Parametopia Townsend___---------_-___- : 46 pellucida Robineau-Desvoidy Elpigia___- : 83 perpendicularis Van der Wulp Metopia 418, 62 peruviensis Townsend Fuselenomyia___- =) 32;).00 Phrosina Robineau-Desvoidy_._-------_- ---- 68, 69 Phrosinella Robineau-Desvoidy____...__ 6, 19, 40, 68 pilosifrons, new species Phrosinella___- 70, 76 pipiens, Perris Taxigramma-....-_.--------- 83 106 INDEX Page age polita Townsend Gymnoprosopa- —_ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ 96 SphecapatauRongdanle- see se- ae eee 16 punctata Robineau-Desvoidy Elpigia.__----- 83 | Sphenometopa Townsend..____________- 6, 7, 19, 62 rohweri, new species Eumacronychia ----- 85, 86,92 | staegeri Rondani Metopia_____-------_--____- 52 rosert. Rondani Metopia--...=----=---=--=-.- 49 | sternalis, new species Eumacronychia____ 85, 86, 89 rubriventris Macquart Senotainia_ 2, 20, 23, 26, 27,24 | Taxigramma Perris__._...----.--------------- 6, 82 rufiventris (Coquillett) Senotainia____-_-___- 20, 38 tergata (Coquillett) Sphenometopa--______- 64 Sarcomacronychia Townsend_-_____----------- 7 | tessellata, new species Metopia___-__.-_____- 48, 55 sarcophagina (Van der Wulp) Pachoph- trilineata (Van der Wulp) Senotainia________ 4, CIV OUUTIUIS Sere ge ee ree eee oe OS T2e2iT 5,20} 23,2 toe Sarcophagoides Townsend Sarcomacronychia_ 10,11 | trivittata Townsend Sarcomacronychia_______- 10 Senotainia Macquart________- CD ne 6,7, 50,16 | trypoxylonis Townsend Sarcomacronychia_--_ 10, 11 setulicosta, new species Senotainia__________- 20,31 | unica Townsend Sarcomacronychia...--.____- 10, 11 signatus Meigen Pachyophthalmus_____- 8,9: 16,13 | vigilans Allen Senotainia_..-_2-_..-...-2.-_- 20, 26 similis Townsend (Miltogrammia) -----__---- 22: | -aychus Walker Ophelias_.2.2-22522-s2- 49 sinipalpis, new species, Metopia__----------- 48,60 | zetterstedti Rondani Hilarella______.-.._------ 79 siphonina Zetterstedt (Miltogramma) _----_-- 79 O FIELD NOTES ON GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES By Lewis H. Wetp Of the Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture The present paper, dealing with the true gallflies (Cynipidae) of the order Hymenoptera, contains descriptions of 53 new species (of which all but two guest flies from the Philippines are from the United States), descriptions of the associated sex of 5 old species described from one sex only, and biological notes on about 180 other described species. It was prepared under the general direction of S. A. Rohwer, custodian of Hymenoptera in the United States Na- tional Museum, where types of the new species are deposited. The beginner in the study of the gall-making Cynipidae is handi- capped and often discouraged by the lack of published information as to the date of emergence of the maker of the gali. Not knowing what time of year to collect the galls to get the maker, he rears noth- ing or gets only guests or parasites. Some general suggestions on this point, applying only to Cynipid galls, however, may be of value. Galls on herbaceous plants like Fvagaria, Potentilla, Nepeta, Silphium, Ambrosia, Microseris, Hypochoeris, Lactuca, Lygodesmia, and Prenanthes may be collected in the fall if they can be put where they will not dry out too much but are better left in the open all winter and brought into the laboratory in the spring. A past:board box with a vial or test tube in one side makes a conve- nient breeding cage. Many galls on shrubby plants lke Rosa, Rubus, and Chrysothamnus may be treated in the same way. The succulent vernal galls on the leaves, buds, and flowers of oak must, however, usually be left on the tree until the larvae within use up all the nutritive layer of plant tissue and transform into pupae but such species develop rapidly and it is a matter of leaving them some days or at most but a few weeks longer. When the larvae are about mature or the pupa stage is reached twigs bearing such galls can be put in a bottle of water with cotton plugged tightly around the stems at the mouth of the bottle so that the emerging flies can No. 2611.—PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL Museum, VoL. 68, ART. 10 60726—26 1 1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 not crawl into the water and become drowned. This bottle should then be set in a battery jar with muslin tied over the top—if set under a bell jar the condensation water on the glass will wet the wings of the flies. From galls of this type come active, fully-winged adults of both sexes whose adult life is short. The more solid autumnal galls on oak, maturing and dropping just before or with the leaves, contain at that time when they are usually gathered a scarcely visible larval cavity in a thick translu- cent nutritive layer which is used up slowly during the winter. Such galls should be kept under more or less natural conditions out of doors on the ground in some sort of wire cage. Select a shady spot in the woods if possible where there is a deep layer of leaf mold, safe from molestation and from fire in summer and well buried under snowdrifts in winter. Mice and squirrels are lable to destroy collec- tions unless wire cages are used. Labels inside should give locality, date and host and may be written with waterproof ink on paper and then dipped in melted paraffin or better inclosed in a well-corked 7 by 25 mm. vial. The year of collection should not be omitted in the date. Two winters often pass before any flies appear and then some may emerge each spring for several years. The larvae trans- form in the fall before they emerge and remain as adults in the galls during the winter to come out when conditions are suitable in the spring. Adults may often be secured by cutting open galls in the late fall or winter but in this case it is better to let them crawl about in a vial until the chitin hardens and takes on its normal color rather than to kill them at once in a cyanide bottle. Adults from galls of this type are all agamic females and are comparatively long-lived, often surviving for a month or more in captivity. Many species normally emerge in the late fall, for example, all those of the genus Disholcaspis (whose galls on twigs are in general bullet- shaped, detachable but not deciduous) and many wingless agamic forms such as species of Acraspis, Xanthoteras, Zopheroteras, etc. Some woody stem swellings on oak become so hard after being gath- ered that the insects even if they have already transformed can not chew their way out and it is better to cut them out. These are but general suggestions for the beginner and their value is indicated by the fact that the writer knows many kinds of galls which he has never yet been able to rear. A single gall casually collected is seldom worth the trouble of rearing. It may be the normal reaction of the plant to the Cynipid maker and it may be quite abnormal if that struc- ture is modified by guests or parasites and some field observation may be necessary to determine whether this is the case. Collecting of value usually requires definite search for quantities of material with the object of rearing in view. When gathering galls from ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS—-WELD 3 the ground in the fall especial care must be taken that no galls of other kinds are included in the cages. For a number of years the writer lived at Evanston, Ill., and collected galls either within the city limits or along the north branch of the Chicago River 4 miles west and along the “north shore” as far north as Waukegan with occasional trips to the sand dune area at the southern end of the lake in Indiana and less frequent ones to the general region of the “sag” southwest of Chicago. In this “ Chicago area” the writer found a total of 124 species of gall-making Cynipide of which 10 are here described as new. In addition he has field notes on some 30 other galls from this area either not determined or not reared and hence not otherwise here mentioned. Further collecting will no doubt yield still other species, for during the last year or two of residence there it was no unusual experience to find galls that years of previous collecting had never discovered. Moreover, collecting on three of the nine oaks in the region was very fragmentary, these being seen hardly more than once or twice a year. Strangely enough, astrophus smilacis Ash- mead, described from the Chicago area as producing a gall on Smilax, the writer has never been able to find although he has looked for it for years. The oak openings at the edge of the prairie now transformed into the suburbs of a densely populated metropoli- tan district would not be suggested as an ideal region for Cynipid collecting and yet it will be interesting to compare its 125 species with the few published local lists available. In 1904 Beutenmueller listed 46 of the more conspicuous Cynipid galls in the vicinity of New York City. Stebbins in 1910 listed 66 from Springfield, Mass. Sixty-four are known for the Toronto area. To make available to students the writer’s experience with those species of the Chicago area which have either been reared or are felt to be determined with some certainty these field notes are pre- pared. Some species of the Chicago area producing galls on roots or in acorns were discussed in previous papers and are not included in the present one. To these are added selected species from other localities in cases where sufficient material was at hand for descrip- tion or the writer felt he was able to make some contribution to the knowledge of the species by indicating date of emergence, supplying a host record, or adding additional hosts, or supplementing the pub- lished data of geographical distribution. Many years ago Dr. William Brodie gave his large collection of insects reared from galls to the United States National Museum. It occupies 22 museum drawers. Each specimen bears a field note number but the notebook which would have interpreted these numbers was long supposed to have been lost. However, in the 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 summer of 1922 A. Cosens, of Toronto, learned of its existence and with the consent of Doctor Brodie’s daughter, Miss Jessie Brodie, was able to borrow the book and send it to the museum to be copied so that the locality and emergence data for this mass of material is now available. Whenever these notes supplied additional data for the species under discussion in this paper such information has been added. Some records have also been taken from the files of the Eastern Field Station of the Bureau of Entomology for the study of forest insects. Except for figure 18 which is from a negative in the eastern field station the photographs and drawings are by the author. The natural size of the galls is represented in the photographs except when otherwise indicated. The generic names used are mainly those of the last monograph on the Cynipidae—that of Dalla Torre and Kieffer in Das Tierreich, Lieferung 24, 1910. The names of the oaks are those used in the monograph “* The American Oaks,” by William Trelease, published as a memoir of the National Academy of Science (vol. 20, 1924). This monograph did not appear until months after the manuscript was prepared and long after labels had been attached to the speci- mens, but the necessary changes in the names of the oaks were made after the paper went to press. Consequently the host oak label on the specimen will not always correspond with the name of the oak as published. For example a Q. rubra label will be found on the pin to indicate the northern red oak now known as Q. maaima,; a Q. prinus label for the rock chestnut oak, Q. montana; Q. michauaii for the basket oak, Y@. prinus; Y@. pungens for Q. undulata, ete. A photographic name label on each type specimen together with the red type label should obviate any confusion as to identity of type material, despite the discrepancy in the name of the host oak. NEUROTERUS BATATUS (Fitch) The woody winter form of the “oak potato gall” on the stems of Quercus alba has been noted at Evanston, Glencoe, Ravinia, and Fort Sheridan, Ill.; Miller, Ind.; Marianna, Fla.; Washington, D. C., and Blue Hills, Mass. In the Chicago area the agamic females issued April 15-24, 1910, and were observed to oviposit in buds at end of the same twig in breeding jar. In 1913 they emerged April 20-26. At Washington they were emerging March 14, 1921. Brodie found the galls not quite full grown by the 1st of August, adults emerging in various years April 21, 1886, May 6, 1888, May 11-22, 1889, May 7-9, 1890. He “bred over 1,000 of the producers without finding one male. Some appear to come out late in the fall but the greater num- ber early in the summer—May.” ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS—WELD 5 The succulent stem galls of the sexual generation on the new growth were seen at Evanston and Fort Sheridan, Ill., and Michi- gan City, Ind., the adults emerging at Evanston June 16-25, 1913; at Michigan City June 26, 1906. At Apple Orchard Camp in Bed- ford County, Va., adults of both sexes were emerging on July 1. Brodie found the new galls nearly full grown on June 9 about a month after the agamic flies had issued. On May 5, 1892, he col- lected galls on what seems from both notes and specimens to be the new growth and from May 24 to June 1 reared 1,431 males and 341 females. NEUROTERUS DISTORTUS Bassett The writer has collected galls of this species on Quercus bicolor at Evanston, Wilmette, Glencoe, and New Lenox, Ul. The flies issue during the first two weeks of May. A similar gall perhaps of this species was observed on the rock chestnut oak, @. montana, near Alexandria, Va. NEUROTERUS ESCHARENSIS, new species Agamic female—Piceous. Head coriaceous but shining, a few short white hairs on face; from above transverse, length to width as 12:28, occiput not concave, cheeks broadened behind the eyes which are not protuberant; from in front broader than high, facial area square, malar space one-fourth eve with groove, antenna 12-segmented, lengths as (scape) 23 (width 12) :20(13).: 28(7) : 22: 20: 20:18:18: 16:16:16: 26(10), last: with- out trace of subdivision. Pronotum microscopically coriaceous on sides. Mesonotum with a few short scattered hairs more noticeable on disk, no trace of parapsidal grooves. Wings hyaline, pubescent, and ciliate, first abscissa of radius angled and at right angle to second which is nearly straight and nearly parallel with free part of subcosta making the open radial cell about seven times as long as broad at base. Areolet reaching one-fifth way to basal, cubitus fainter but reaching basal on its lower third, second intercubitus at right angles to fore wing margin; a faint cloud about break of anal. Hind tibia and tarsus equal, claws simple. Abdomen slightly longer than thorax, higher than long, compressed, lengths of tergites about as 19:9:7:5:5, ventral valves not evident, ventral spine short, ovipositor protruding. Using width of head as a base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.1, antenna 1.9, ovipositor 3.9, wing 4.5. Length, 1.0-1.6 mm. Average of 18 specimens, 1.25 mm. Type.—Cat. No. 27180, U.S.N.M. Type and 7 paratypes. Para- types in Field and American Museums. Host.—Quercus bicolor. 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 Gall (fig. 1)—A minute cell hidden in the tissue of the twig under a leaf scar, the tip protruding so slightly as to be scarcely noticed until the adult within begins to cut out a hole by which to emerge. Sometimes two cells occur side by side under the same leaf ’ scar and more rarely the exit hole is just above the boundary of the scar. They may be found in winter or spring in previous seasons’ growth usually underneath the scars just below the terminal bud cluster. Biology—On April 24, 1909, flies were found at Evanston, IIL., ovipositing on the buds of bicolor, perched on the side of the bud with the ovipositor thrust perpendicularly through the bud scales. Investigation revealed the galls described above in the leaf scars under these buds with adults just emerging. In 1913 similar galls were collected in Wilmette and insects reared. In 1915 they were found again on April 17 when some adults had already gone and one was seen ovipositing in a bud. On April 10, 1916, twigs con- taining cells were collected and brought into laboratory and put in water and by April 15 several flies had issued and three were seen ovipositing in the side of buds in this indoor cage. By May 8 when the young leaves were over one-half inch long three small galls were found from which the insects had already emerged and one was found ovipositing in the axil of one of the young leaves. From such scanty evidence and material no attempt is here made to de- scribe either the adult or the gall of an alternating generation but this may be suggestive to students who live where they can work further on this life history. A precisely similar gall was found at Ravinia on Q. a/ba after the adults had emerged. Habitat—The type has been selected from the flies reared in 1913 at Wilmette, Ill., where conditions are such that native trees of the host oak will long persist. Paratypes are from Evanston and in- clude those taken ovipositing as well as those reared. NEUROTERUS EVOLUTUS, new species Female——Black with knees, front tibiae, and all tarsi brownish. Head and thorax micro-coriaceous; head from above transverse, cheeks broadened behind the eyes, occiput not concave; from in front facial area broader than high, malar space one-third eye with groove, antenna 13-segmented, lengths as (scape) 7:6:10:8:7:7:6: 6:6:5.5:5:5:7. Mesonotum shining, without trace of grooves. Claws simple. Wing hyaline, pubescent, ciliate, veins distinct and brownish, first abscissa of radius angled, intercubitus at angle of 52° with basal, areolet reaching one-feurth way to basal, somewhat sym- metrically placed below apex, cubitus reaching basal on its lower third, a faint cloud about break in anal and in first cubital cell. ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS—WELD a Abdomen in living specimens longer than head and thorax, collaps- ing in drying, tip of ventral valves and ovipositor protruding, ven- tral spine in side view scarcely as long as broad. Using width of head as a base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.3, antenna 2.4, wing 5.0, ovipositor 5.4. Length 1.4-2.2 mm. Average of 40 specimens 1.87 mm. Type.—Cat. No. 28057, U.S.N.M. Type and 9 paratypes. Para- types in American Museum, Field, Harvard, Stanford, California Academy, and Philadelphia Academy. Host.— Quercus lobata. Gall—A cell about 1.8 mm. long lying in the wood under a leaf or flower scar, the upper end nearly reaching but not showing at the surface until the adult begins to make the exit hole. But one or rarely two under a scar. Exit hole in the scar or near it. Found about the terminal cluster of buds or sometimes at the internodes forming the annual ring. Similar to the gall of the eastern species described above but the adult is different. Habitat—Cottonwood, Shasta County, Calif. Twigs collected by A. W. Gambs on December 7 gave adults indoors January 6 and from others collected late in January adults emerged February 9 and 11. The normal emergence is probably before the buds start in the spring. NEUROTERUS EXIGUUS Bassett Spindle-shaped fleshy enlargements of the staminate flower axis of Quercus stellata at Alexandria, Va., gave adults of this Neuro- terus on May 12,1920. The galls were also seen at Rosslyn. Along with these swellings and sometimes on them were tan-colored, thin- walled, somewhat hairy, oval galls evidently representing enlarged filaments which also seem to contain this Veuroterus. NEUROTERUS FLOCCOSUS (Bassett) Galls of this species on Quercus bicolor were common in fall at Evanston, Ill., often deforming all the leaves near the tip of thrifty sprouts. Adults issued April 15. Have had specimens of gall from Becker, Minn., (L. Haney) and the Pergande collection contained galls from St. Louis, Mo. NEUROTERUS IRREGULARIS (Osten Sacken) Galls collected at Clarendon, Va., but a few miles from the type locality of this species, on an isolated tree of Quercus stellata on which fully half of the leaves bore galls, gave adults May 14-20, 1923. At this time the recently emerged flies were seen resting on the leaves by hundreds, the females ovipositing on the under surface. In early September this tree bore thousands of small, nearly spheri- 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 cal, short-pubescent galls recently described as those which yield in March the agamic fly Neuroterus saltatorius australis Kinsey. No other kind of gall was noticed on the tree. In the spring of 1924 the nearly full-grown galls on the leaves were observed again and globular galls collected from the ground beneath still contained larvae indicating that some at least hold over in the galls for two winters before emerging. Adults of irregularis emerged May 24-6, 1924. Another tree some miles away at Takoma Park, Md., bore countless number of these spherical galls which were dropping to the ground in the latter part of September 1923, and this tree was one on which érregularis had been very abundant in the spring. These galls were not observed to jump. In Arlington Cemetery, Va., a tree was seen so heavily infested with trregularis galls in the spring of 1920 that on July 4 the tree was observed to have put forth a new crop of leaves as a result. A sending of fresh galls from Mid- dleburg, Va., yielded 487 adults of which 136 were females and 351 or 72 per cent males. NEUROTERUS MAJALIS (Bassett) The writer has collected galls on Quercus alba at Willow Springs, Evanston (adults emerged June 11-13, 1909), Ravinia, and Fort Sheridan (adults emerging May 30, 1911), Ill.; at Miller, Ind.; at Fairfax, S. C.; at Poplar Bluff, Mo.; at Plummer Island, Md.; and Washington, D. C. The galls are much more common about Washington than in the Chicago area and are full grown early in May when the young leaves are but 5-6 cm. long. Similar galls were noted on the rock chestnut oak, Q. montana, at Washington and at Falls Church and Alexandria, Va., where adults emerged May 6-11, 1920 and some seemed to be ovipositing on the leaves. NEUROTERUS MINUTISSIMUS (Ashmead) The writer has collected galls in Florida at Jacksonville, Day- tona, St. Petersburg, Clearwater, and Ocala, but has never reared adults which are said to emerge in spring. The Pergande collec- tion had galls from St. George also. NEUROTERUS MINUTUS (Bassett) The galls of this species have been taken at Winnetka, Ravinia, and Moline, Ili.; at Plummer Island and Takoma Park, Md.; at Washington, D. C.; at Falls Church and Alexandria, Va.; and at Fairfax, S. C. In the Chicago area the galls are rare and con- tained pupae one year on May 30 and the next year on June 9. Adults were all out at Moline by June 19. About Washington the galls are very abundant especially in 1924 when two large white ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS—WELD 9 oaks had almost every twig end affected. The galls contained pupae on May 4 and adults emerged May 6-12, males appearing first. Galls collected at Falls Church May 2, 1920, gave adults May 7. Brodie found galls at Toronto. NEUROTERUS NOXIOSUS (Bassett) The woody stem galls of the agamic generation are very con- spicuous in winter on certain trees of Quercus bicolor at Evanston, Ill., the adults emerging April 10-14, 1909, April 1, 1910, and May 10, 1918. They were seen to oviposit in buds, thrusting the ovi- positor perpendicularly through the bud scales just as the buds were beginning to swell. By May 30 a shght bulging of the midrib of the young leaves then an inch and a half long has been noted and the galls of the alternating generation are full grown by June 30, greatly deforming the leaves. The adults emerged June 12—July 3, 1906. On July 22, 1912, the young stem galls of the winter form were half grown but still green and succulent with no larvae visi- ble. What seemed to be the galls of the sexual generation of this species were collected at Greenport, Long Island, by R. Latham. NEUROTERUS PAPILLOSUS Beutenmueller Parenchyma galls in the leaves of Quercus bicolor, agreeing with the type galls of this species, were collected at Chesterton, Ind., June 25, the adults emerging June 27-29, 1912. They occurred on the leaves of thrifty sprouts and on lower branches of a small tree near by. Exit holes on lower side. Galls were also taken at Wilmette, Ill., June 9, 1913. NEUROTERUS PERMINIMUS Bassett The species was described from the sexual generation emerging in late June or early July from oval parenchyma galls in the current season’s leaves of Quercus alba. The galls the writer refers to this species differ only in being found in October and yielding adults, all agamic females, in the early spring. Galls collected at Evanston, Ill., gave flies April 1-23, 1909, and in 1910 from April 4-20. Brodie collected galls in October and reared adults May 9, 1888. NEUROTERUS RILEYI (Bassett) Galls determined by writer as this species were sent to the National Museum December 12, 1920, from Sulphur, Okla., host oak not given. NEUROTERUS SADLERENSIS, new species Female.—Head (except about mouth) and abdomen black; thorax brownish, legs yellowish with hind femur and coxa more or less in- 60726—26 9 a 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 fuscated, antennae light yellow. Head coriaceous under lens, as broad as thorax, scarcely enlarged behind eyes, eyes not protuberant, face shghtly pubescent, malar space one-fourth eye with a groove, an- tenna 13-segmented, lengths as (scape) 40: 26:50:37:32:32:31:30: 98:27: 25:24:34. Mesonotum length to width as 40: 28, mesoscutum about as broad as long, shining, microscopically coriaceous, without parapsidal grooves, collapsible, with a few scattered short white hairs. Disk of scutellum smooth, polished, with scattered hairs. No carinae on propodeum. Tarsal claws weak,simple. Wing subhyaline, short-pubescent, ciliate, veins brown, first abscissa of radius angulate, second nearly straight, areolet reaching one-fifth way to basal, would be bisected by a perpendicular drawn through its anterior angle, cu- bitus reaching basal near its lower end. Abdomen higher than long, truncate behind, much compressed and distorted, ovipositor far ex- serted. Ventr al spine not as long as lobes of hypopygium, Using width of head as a base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.1, an- tenna 2.5, ovipositor 4.1, wing 3.9. Length, 1.45-2.05 mm. Average of 32 specimens, 1.72 mm. Male.—Thorax, legs and antennae light yellow, vertex and cheeks infuscated, eyes black, abdomen back of petiole nearly black. Cheeks not broadened behind the eyes, eyes slightly protuberant, antenna i4-seomented, lengths as (scape) 438:28:75:50:42: 44:42:42: 40: 39 :37:35:33:37, second only slightly curved. Mesonotum length to width as 54:34. Abdomen about as long as thorax, compressed to a knife-edge above, lengths of tergites along dorsal margin as (petiole) 7:21:12:10:9:9:10. Using width of head as a. base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.3, antenna 3.2, wing 4.7. Length, 1.65-2.15 mm. Average of 24 specimens 1.91 mm. This is the first cynipid to be reported from Sadler’s oak. The species would go in the subgenus Dolichostrophus and is related to Neuroterus washingtonensis Beutenmueller. Type.—Cat. No. 27181, U.S.N.M. Type female, sltoey pe. 7 male and 11 female paratypes. Paratypes at aowerdan Museum, Field, Stanford, Harvard, Philadelphia Academy, and California Ncatemns Host.— Quercus fcteP ane Gall (fig. 28) —Greenish-yellow succulent Salarertient of the mid- rib and adjacent parenchyma of the basal portions of the outermost leaves in a terminal cluster and causing a more or less complete reduction of the blade of the inner leaves in the cluster producing a conspicuous rosette at the end of the twig. In July. Habitat—The type material was collected July 20, 1922, on the ridge above the Oregon Caves National Monument in the Siskiyou mountains near Holland, Oreg., at an elevation of 6,000 feet. Adults of both sexes emerged by July 28. ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS—WELD 11 NEUROTERUS SALTARIUS, new species Agamic female—Black, flagellum infuscated, lighter at base, tarsi pale, tibiae infuscated, knees pale. Head coriaceous, cheeks not enlarged behind eyes, eyes scarcely protuberant, malar space one-fourth eye, with groove, antenna 13-segmented, lengths as (scape) 23 (width 12) :20(11) :28(7) :14:18:14:14:15:15:16:15: 14:21. Mesonotum smooth, naked, polished, length to width as 31: 21, no trace of grooves. Mesopleura polished. Claws simple. Wing hyaline, pubescent, ciliate, veins brown, first abscissa of radius angulate, second at right angles, straight, radial cell five times as long as broad, areolet indistinct, second intercubitus set at an angle of 55° with basal, cubitus faint, reaching basal half-way below mid- dle. Abdomen as long as head and thorax, more or less collapsed, ventral spine twice as long as broad. Using width of head as a base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.1, antenna 1.9, ovipositor 2.8, wing 4.1. Length .8-12 mm. Average of 42 specimens 1.0 mm. Type.—Cat. No. 27182, U. S. N. M. Type and i3 paratypes. Paratypes in Field Museum, American Museum, and Stanford. Host.— Quercus macrocarpa. Gall (fig. 2).—Small, seed-like bodies, inserted in cup-like depres- sions on the under surface of leaf and causing a prominent light- colored bulging on the upper side of the leaf opposite, often two or three hundred on a leaf, less numerous on the basal part of leaf blade. When growing the galls are greenish-white, somewhat glo- bular, flattened above with a papilla in center and a raised rim, not pubescent. They start to develop in June and in July or August drop to the ground where they exhibit the phenomenon of bounc- ing about until they lodge in some crevice in the soil where they pass the winter. When detached a large scar is left on base of gall. During the winter the galls become tan-colored and some- what compressed laterally, one measured 1.2 mm. long by .9 mm. thick and 1.1 mm. high. This gall seems to have been first described in 1876 by Riley who unfortunately applied to it the name of a California species with similar jumping habits. Under this name the eastern gall has been mentioned many times in literature and good figures have been pub- lished of it but up to the present no one seems to have reared the adult. Habitat—The types are from Hope, Ind. Galls collected on burr oak by C. J. Casey showed the bouncing when received at Washington June 26, 1923. These galls were placed in rearing and adults were cut out of them on December 5 and 12, and March 26. The writer had collected the galls in four different years at Evanston and Kenilworth, IL, but failed to rear them. At Medina, 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 N. Y., they were full grown by June 30. Galls were received also from Ann Arbor (Pennington), Mich., and Corinth (Barracks), Iowa. They have also been reported in literature from Missouri and Minnesota. A similar gall occurs on Q. bicolor. NEUROTERUS FUGIENS, new species Female.—Piceous, legs pale beyond coxae, antenna infuscated except tip of pedicel, scape, and first two segments of flagellum which are pale yellowish-white. Head coriaceous, eyes shghtly protuberant, cheeks not enlarged behind eyes, malar space .4 eye with groove, antenna 13-segmented, lengths as (scape) 9:7:16:8:8: 8:8:7:7:7:6:6: 10, last in some specimens shows trace of subdivi- sion. Mesonotum smooth, polished, a few short hairs on scutellum, no traces of grooves, length to width as 50:32, often collapsed. Mesopleura micro-coriaceous, mesosternum bulging prominently be- low. ‘Tarsal claws fine, simple. Wing subhyaline, pubescent, ciliate, first abscissa of radius scarcely angulate, radial cell five times as long as broad, areolet reaching one-fifth way to basal, second inter- cubitus set at angle of about 68° to basal, cubitus reaching basal which is slightly clouded. Abdomen not as long as head and thorax, higher than long, lengths of tergites as 20:12:6:5:6:4, ventral spine short, ovipositor short, protruding horizontally. Using width of head as a base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.2, antenna 2.1, ovipositor 1.2, wing 3.9. Length, 1.3-1.7 mm. Average of 58 speci- mens, 1.45 mm. Male—Color as in female. Antenna 14-segmented, lengths of first four segments as 9:8:22:9, third not excavated, slightly bent. Mesonotum length to width as 55:35. Abdomen triangular in side view, almost as long as head and thorax, petiole pale. Using width of head as a base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.4, antenna 2.6, wing 3.4. Length, 1.6-2.05 mm. Average of 17 specimens, 1.79 mm. Ty pes.—Cat. No. 27183, U.S.N.M. Type female, allotype, 9 male and 29 female paratypes. Paratypes in Field Museum, American Museum, and Stanford. Host.—Quercus macrocar pa. Gall (fig. 29).—A lens-shaped thickening in the parenchyma of a leaf always adjacent to a vein. Single or more or less confluent in a row. Most conspicuous from the lower side where rose-red hairs show against its translucent white background. On upper surface showing a very slight swelling only and only a slightly lighter green color. Exit hole above where wall is thinnest. Causes wrinkling and deformation of the leaf if numerous. Occurs in spring when young leaves are about one-third grown. ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS—-WELD 13 Habitat—The type material is from galls collected on @. macro- carpa at Willow Springs, Ill., May 24, 1919, when some of the cells contained larvae and others pupae. The adults issued by May 30. The galls were seen also at Evanston. Biology—On June 16, 1916, empty galls on burr oak were seen at Evanston and on the same stump sprouts were found half-grown galls of the saltarius described above suggesting that this is the alter- nating generation of that species. On May 28, 1916, at Evanston on the small lower branches from the trunk of a tree of Q. bicolor these galls were found, some with exit holes and others containing pupae. Adults apparently from these galls were seen ovipositing on the under side of the leaves which were then about 8 inches long. Un- fortunately none of the flies was preserved. Old leaves on the ground bore evidence of the presence of the jumping gall the pre- vious fall. Experimental proof of this suggested life history is needed as the adults seem to go in the subgenus Viplobius, created for species whose alternating galls are practically identical. NEUROTERUS UMBILICATUS Bassett Galls on Quercus bicolor, agreeing with Bassett specimens, were collected at Washington, D. C., on September 23, 1928. No adults were reared, as some of the galls at least still contained larvae June 1, 1924. In late October, 1924, William Beutenmueller col- lected galls at Tenafly, N. J., and sent some to the writer for rearing. Up to January 1, 1926, he had reared nothing from the thousands of galls in his breeding cages, some indoors and some out, nor has the writer succeeded in rearing the adults. Galls were also seen at Ithaca, N. Y. NEUROTERUS VERNUS Gillette The writer has found galls of this species only once, and at Moline, Ill. The adults had all emerged before July 21. NEUROTERUS VESICULA (Bassett) The galls of this species were described as starting their devel- opment in the fall, maturing quickly in the spring, the adults emerg- ing about the time the oak leaves begin to expand. The writer has no evidence to show that this succulent gall develops partially in the fall, but they do occur and become full.grown before the buds start in the spring, the adults emerging either before or just as the buds open. They have been noted on Quercus alba, from which the species was described, at Ravinia, Ill., containing both pupae and adults on April 24, 1915, the adults beginning to emerge April 29. Fort Sheridan galls contained pupae May 12, 1917, adults emerg- ing May 18. In 1920 galls contained pupae at Cherrydale, Va., on 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 April 11; and at Chevy Chase, Md., on April 18. At Washington adults were emerging March 27, 1921, and in the late season of 1924 on April 26. In emerging the flies chew out a round piece, which often remains as a hinged hd. On Q. montana galls were seen at Washington, with flies emerging April 22, 1923. On @Q. bicolor the galls were common at Evanston, Ill., being noticed as early as March 28, 1969, and March 27, 1910 (adults emerged and died in jar before April 20). In 1912 emergence was in late April, only one fly being reared from galls collected May 6. In 1913 galls were collected on April 15, some already showing exit holes, adults emerg- ing by April 27. While gathering the galls an adult thought to be of this species was observed ovipositing in a bud. On Q. macrocarpa galls were found at Evanston May 1, 1913, and on April 27, 1915, three empty ones from which adults had recently emerged, and near by two adults perhaps from these galls were seen oviposit- ing in buds. Similar galls occur at Washington on Q. stellata, the flies emerging March 27-30, 1921, and April 25-29, 1924. DIPLOLEPIS ACRASPIFORMIS, new species Female. Almost all black, legs and some other parts brownish. Head coriaceous; from above transverse, as broad as thorax, cheeks broadened behind eyes, occiput shghtly concave; from in front facial quadrangle one and four-tenths times as broad as high, malar space half eye without groove, antenna 13-segmented, lengths as (scape) 12:6:21:18:15:14:12:10:8:7:6:6:12. Thorax covered with short uniformly distributed white hairs not hiding sculpture. Mesoscutum not quite smooth, parapsidal grooves deep, narrow, smooth, percurrent, no median. Disk slightly rugose, with trans- verse furrow at base. Carinae on propodeum weak, curved, neck smooth. Mesopleura smooth. Hind tarsus shorter than tibia, seg- ments as 25:12:8:5:13 (with claw 20). Claws with tooth. Wing subhyaline, pubescent, ciliate, veins brown, first abscissa of radius arcuate, second curved and swollen at free end which does not quite reach wing margin, areolet reaching nearly one-fourth way to basal, cubitus reaching basal, a cloud on break in anal, one above basal third of cubitus on first abscissa of radius and two in the apical cell, the lower one somewhat elongated, dividing the cell into thirds. Abdomen longer than head and thorax, length to height to width as 38:29:23, lengths of tergites along dorsal margin as 32:6:5, sides of second pubescent at base, dorsal margin straight and hind margin very oblique, ventral valves oblique, not protrud- ing, ventral spine hairy, broad, abruptly tapering toward apex. Using width of head as a base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.3, antenna 2.5, wing 46, ovipositor 1.9. Length, 2.7-3.6 mm. Average of 12, 3.18 mm. arr. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS—WELD 15 Type.—Cat. No. 27184, U.S.N.M. Type and 4 paratypes. Para- types at American Museum, Field and Stanford. Host.—Quercus undulata and Quercus toumey?. Gall (fig. 30)—Globular, spiny, single on under side of leaf on midrib in fall, monothalamous, 7-10 mm. in diameter. The wall of the gall is half a millimeter thick, hard and crystalline, covered with yellow spines 2.5 mm. long with swollen bases half a millimeter in diameter which are pinkish in color and polygonal by mutual pressure in cross-section. When detached a rosette of single-celled short colorless hairs is found about the base of each spine. The exit hole, 1.2 mm. in diameter is in the side of the gall. It is similar in structure to some of the Acraspis galls in the east. Habitat—The type is selected from galls collected November 7, 1921, in Blue Canyon west of Socorro, N. Mex., the flies being cut out of the galls a few days later. Paratypes are from Nogal Canyon south of Socorro, the flies emerging December 51 and January 13. Other paratypes are from Hackberry, Ariz., the flies having emerged and died before February 14. All the above were on Y. undulata. One paratype is from Q. towmey?, Patagonia, Ariz., the fly emerg- ing December 31. Galls were seen on Y. undulata at Ashfork, Ariz., also and in the Burro Mountains, N. Mex. ; DIPLOLEPIS AGGREGATA, new species Female.—Reddish-brown; eyes, anterior, and lateral lines, meso- and metapleurae and parts of abdomen black. Head transverse, narrower than thorax, pubescent, occiput concave, cheeks broad- ened behind eyes and margined, vertex rugose. Facial quad- rangle broader than high, malar space one-third eye, without groove. Antennae 14-segmented, lengths as (scape) 18 (width 11) :8: 38 (7) : 40: 33:29:24: 21:17:18:11:10:9:10(6), flagellum gradually tapering to apex. Sides of pronotum rugose, hairy. Mesoscutum smooth, shining, covered with setigerous punctures but pubescence not dense enough to hide sculpture. Parapsidal grooves deep, smooth, percurrent, separation behind not three times width of a groove, no median, lateral lines bare, prominent, anterior lines nar- rower, parallel. Scutellum coarsely rugose, margined on sides, disk rather flat, two pits at base, covered with erect pubescence. Spiracu- lar areas of propodeum smooth, the usual carinae diverging below and suddenly constricting on to the reticulate neck, enclosed area somewhat reticulate. Mesopleura smooth below the broad striate longitudinal depression. Wing pubescent and ciliate, the veins heavily clouded, a group of connected spots in distal part of third cubital cell and a diffused cloud at its base under the radial cell, a faint cloud under the areolet, clouded also about break in the anal vein and in basal half of costal cell; areolet reaching one-fifth way 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 to basal, cubitus reaching basal below middle, its basal half heavier. Radius very heavy, first abscissa angled, second strongly curved toward wing margin in distal half, radial cell twice as long as broad, partially open at base and apex as well as on margin. Hind tarsus two-thirds as long as tibia, its segments as 47:20:12:7:20 (with claws), claw with a weak tooth at base. Abdomen longer than head and thorax, length to height to width as 58:33:22, obliquely placed, knife-like on ventral margin, the ventral spine unusually long and tapering, pubescent, as long as hind tarsal segments 1-4. Second tergite occupying nearly or quite all of dorsal margin, its ventral edge forming an angle of 45°, with pubescent area on each side at base. Using width of head as a base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.6, antenna 3.2, wing 4.5, ovipositor 3.4. Range in length, 4.0-5.5 mm. Average of 7 pinned specimens, 4.87 mm. Separated from other spotted winged species in the genus by the long ventral spine. Type.—Cat. No. 27185, U.S.N.M. Type and 2 paratypes. Para- types at Field Museum and Stanford. Host.— Quercus arizonica. Gall (fig. 3)—Globular oak apples, up to 85 mm. in diameter, occurring in summer in clusters of sometimes as many as 12 on a twig at apex of previous season’s growth. Each has an abrupt slen- der pedicel and usually only 2—4 galls in the cluster become well de- veloped. The fresh galls are creamy white with a reddish blush on one side and spotted with numerous small red spots. Later they become yellowish and are often covered with a bluish bloom. The central cell is supported by a dense mass of fine silky radiating fibers and the wall is thick (0.7 mm.), seven times as thick as that of the smaller unspotted leaf-gall apple of the same region, /). bella. Habitat—The type fly is one of four bred from galls collected in the Santa Catalina Mountains, Ariz., on “ white oak” (Q. arizonica) by M. Chrisman and sent in under Hopkins U. S. No. 13648m. The flies were reared November 22 and 27, 1918. Two paratypes from the Huachuca Mountains are from galls collected in Bear Canyon on Q. arizonica by Ed Jacot, September 28, 1919, and the flies issued before December 3. One paratype is from a gall collected on the same oak by the writer in the Chiricahua Mountains, November 26, 1922. The fly had already chewed its way out of the inner cell and was crawling about among the radiating fibers. It remained alive in a pill box without attention until some time after December 31. The writer has collected galls in Arizona at Oracle and in the Sabino Basin in the Santa Catalinas, and in the Mule, Huachuca, Tumaca- cori, and Santa Rita Mountains. The galls are even more common on Q. oblongifolia and at Patagonia were seen on Q. towmeyzt but no ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS—WELD Li flies were reared from either host. Morrison sent galls to Washing- ton in 1882 from Fort Grant and Hubbard sent galls from the Chiricahua Mountains in 1897. DIPLOLEPIS AMPHORA, new species Female.—Red, darker on abdomen and between parapsides in front. Head coriaceous, from above scarcely broadened behind eyes, occiput not concave; from in front pubescent on face, facial quadrangle one and one-fourth times as broad as high, malar space .4 eye without groove, antenna 14-segmented lengths as (ceape) 107631 021029285 (5000: 7: 72°72 655.5: 8. Sides.of pro- notum pubescent. Mesoscutum broader than long, shining, smooth behind, coriaceous and with setigerous punctures anteriorly, parap- sidal grooves deep, smooth, narrow, percurrent. Disk of scutellum smooth above, rugose behind, sides bounded by straight lines diverg- ing behind, groove at base indistinctly divided into two pear-shaped pits. Carin on propodeum strongly curved, neck rugose. Meso- pleura smooth. Tarsal claw with a weak tooth. Wing ample, hyaline, pubescent, ciliate, first abcissa of radius arcuate with slight cloud on upper half, second nearly straight, radial cell nearly four times as long as broad, areolet reaching one-sixth, cubitus two-thirds way to basal. Abdomen as long as head and thorax, lengths of tergites along dorsal curvature as 62:13:12:3:1:4, second pubes- cent at base, its hind margin oblique, ventral spine slender, in side view about six times as long as broad. Using width of head as a base the length of mesonotum ratio is 1.4, antenna 2.6, ovipositor 2.4, wing 5.0. Length 1.42.2 mm. Average of 31, 1.85 mm. Type.—Cat. No. 27186, U.S.N.M. Type and 9 paratypes. Para- types at American Museum, Field, Stanford, and Philadelphia Academy. Host.— Quercus undulata. Gall (fig. 31).—A hollow cylinder, sessile at base, swollen more or less in the middle and tapering to the apex which is contracted to a small hole leading into a deep cavity in the bottom of which and in the basal third of the gall is the thin-walled larval cell below which a small cavity leads to the pedicel. Red or brownish, 4-5 mm. high by 3 mm. in diameter, the hole at apex about 1 mm. in diameter. Occurs in fall and drops with the leaves, usually only one or two on a leaf near the edge on under side. Habitat—The type is selected from material collected on Q. un- dulata at Tijeras, N. Mex., November 1, 1921, when some of the galls contained pupae and others adults. Paratypes are from Q. undulata in Blue Canyon west and Nogal Canyon south of Socorro, the living flies cut out of the galls January 3, 1922. Other paratypes are from 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 the same host at Hillsboro, the flies cut out November 16. Paratypes also are from Prescott, Ariz., (host not recorded), the galls collected April 13, 1918, the flies emerging before April 20 (Hopkins U. S. No. 15617). The galls have been collected on Y. undulata at the “breaks” south of Bard, N. Mex., (KE. E. Goddard), and at Ashfork, Ariz. The writer has collected what he takes to be galls of this species on Q. grisea at Magdalena, N. Mex.; on Q. arizonica at Bisbee and Oracle, Ariz.; and on Q. oblongifolia at Nogales, Pata- gonia, and in Huachuca and Santa Catalina Mountains, Ariz. DIPLOLEPIS ATRIMENTA (Kinsey) This species was described from imperfect specimens from galls on Q. douglasii from Three Rivers and Redding, Calif. The writer has collected the galls on two other California oaks also: on Q. douglasti at Three Rivers, Kaweah, Bagby, Placerville, Oroville, Red Bluff, Shasta, Ukiah, Lakeport (flies emerging May 12), Cloverdale, Calistoga, St. Helena, Mt. Diablo, Stanford Uni- versity (flies emerged May 1-8), Los Gates, Paraiso Springs, Brad- ley, Jolon, Paso Robles (flies emerged April 25), Santa Margarita, and Lebec; on Q. lobata at Los Gatos, Stanford University, Lake- port, and Red Bluff; on @. dwmosa at Paso Robles, Jolon (flies emerged April 25) and Paraiso Springs. The galls are sometimes attached to the staminate flower axis as well as to leaves. Miss Egbert reared adults of this species in April, 1917, and in- cluded a description in her manuscript thesis presented at Stanford University in May, 1917. DIPLOLEPIS BELLA (Bassett) Cynips bella BAsserT, Canad, Ent., vol. 18, 1881, p. 93. Holeaspis maculipennis GILLETTE, Canad. Ent., vol. 26, 1894, p. 236. H. maculipennis was described from a single specimen from the west slope of the Organ Mountains in New Mexico. Without seeing this type Beutenmueller and Fullaway have erroneously determined a large oak apple on Quercus garryana from Oregon and northern California as this species. This has since been described as Cynips mirabilis Kinsey (see p. 64). The writer has compared the Gillette holotype of maculipennis with a Bassett type of be//a in the National Museum and finds they are the same. Because of the percurrent parapsidal grooves and very oblique hind margin of the second tergite Mayr, in 1881, placed the species in Dryophanta—now known as Diplolepis. This species, described from an unknown oak from Tucson, Ariz., has been reared by the writer from galls on Quercus arizonica, toumeyt, grisea, and undulata, and the galls found on oblongifolia ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS—WELD 19 and reticulata. Galls were seen in the Santa Catalina Mountains at Oracle and in Sabino basin, in the Santa Rita, Tumacacori, Pata- gonia, Huachuca, Mule, and Chiricahua Mountains, and at Nogales, Bisbee, Prescott, Hackberry, Ashfork, and Williams, Ariz. In New Mexico they were seen in the Burro Mountains, at Fierro, Kingston, Hillsboro, Nogal Canyon, Magdalena, Blue Canyon near Socorro, and in Sandia Mountains at Abo Pass and Tijeras. The galls were nearly full grown on arizonica in the Huachucas on July 9, and at Hackberry on wndulata contained pupae on October 6. At Tijeras they were common on wndulata, and on November 1 contained adults just beginning to emerge. aan : o 7 m : ? gee fin P a ae rie, a; eee a 4 { & ye) ay Bins : Pe) Pie ig ak 1 a " 2 i _ aa ww “Ap y i - @ AMPHIPODS OF THE FAMILY BATEIDAE IN THE COLLECTION OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM By Criarence R. SHOEMAKER Assistant Curator, Division of Marine Invertebrates, United States National Museum After Fritz Miiller described the genus Batea from the coast of Brazil in 1865, it was not again heard of until 1903 when Samuel J. Holmes observed it among material dredged by the United States Fisheries steamer Fish Hawk in 1900 near Woods Hole, Massachu- setts. In 1901 Holmes also collected specimens at Woods Hole. During 1904 and 1905 the Fish Hawk took specimens from many localities about Vineyard Sound. Dr. C. J. Fish has presented to the United States National Museum specimens which he collected at Woods Hole in 1922. It thus appears that the genus is fairly common in the vicinity of Woods Hole. In 1918 three specimens of B. catharinensis were taken at Barbados by the Barbados-Antigua Expedition of the State University of Iowa. Recently, while sorting the unidentified Amphipoda in the collec- tion of the United States National Museum, I noted the occurrence of this genus at several new and widely separated localities. During 1889 and 1891 the Fish Hawk dredged specimens from several localities along the coast of South Carolina, and in 1891 she ob- tained specimens from Tangier Sound in Chesapeake Bay. In the course of the Biological Survey at Chesapeake Bay from 1915 to 1921 the Fish Hawk found this genus to be common in almost every part of the bay. Florida has to the present time yielded but one specimen of B. catharinensis and this without date or collector given. The United States Fisheries steamer Albatross on her 1911 cruise, while in the Gulf of California, obtained the first representatives of the genus Batea from the west coast of America. In 1912 the Venice Marine Biological Station of the University of Southern California procured specimens from the entrance to Catalina Har- bor, Santa Catalina Island. P. S. Barnhart of the Scripps Institu- tion in 1915 obtained specimens off La Jolla, southern California, and Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, while investigating the life history of No. 2626.—PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. 68, ART. 25. 79649—26 1 1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 the western spiny lobster in 1918, procured additional specimens from the same locality. Batea is apparently a littoral genus and occurs at depths from 2 to 45 fathoms. This genus will probably be found to inhabit the entire tropical and temperate coasts of the Western Hemisphere. Comparatively few amphipods have been collected in these regions, but in almost every instance where systematic investigation has been carried on, this supposedly rare genus has been brought to light. The Albatross in 1885 dredged from two localities off the west coast of Florida specimens of the family Bateidae which, on ac- count of their prominent dorsal teeth, I have put into a new genus, Carinobatea. While at the Virgin Islands during the summer of 1915 I collected additional specimens of this new genus at several localities about the Island of St. Thomas. To the present time members of this family have appeared in the waters of the Western Hemisphere only. Family BATEIDAE Stebbing The family as characterized by Stebbing in 1906 in “ Das Tier- reich ” Amphipoda (p. 355) is as follows: Head strongly rostrate. Side-plate 1 rudimentary. Antenna 1 without accessory flagellum. Mandible with palp. Gnathopod 1 degraded, without hand. Telson cleft. Genus BATEA 1865. Batea Fritz Mutter, Ann Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol. 15, p. 276. Body not dentate. Side-plate 4 rather large and deeply excavate behind. Antenna 1 little shorter than antenna 2. Maxillipeds, outer plates not quite reaching apex of second joint of palp, and fringed with spine-teeth on inner margin. Gnathopod 1 degraded, ending with a feeble linear second joint, which is slightly longer in female than in male. Gnathopod 2 subchelate. Peraeopods 3-5, second joint expanded. Uropod 2 shorter than uropod 1 or 3; uropod 3, peduncle short, rami subfoliaceous. Telson rather short, deeply cleft. BATEA CATHARINENSIS Miiller (Figures 1-4) 1865. Batea catharinensis MULtiter, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol. 15, p. 276, pl. 10. 1903. Batea secunda Hotmes, The Amer. Naturalist, vol. 37, no. 436, p. 284. 1905. Batea secunda RatrHBun, Occasional Papers of the Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 7. Fauna of New England, no. 5, p. 66. 1905. Batea secunda Hotmes, Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries for 1904, vol. 24, p. 499, text figure. ART. 25 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE—SHOEMAKER 3 1906. Batea catharinensis+B. secunda SresBine, Amphipoda, I, Gamma- ridea. Das Tierreich, vol. 21, pp. 355, 356; 729. 1913. Batea secunda SUMNER, OSBURN, and CoLn, Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries for 1911, vol. 31, pt. 2, p. 651. 1918. Batea secunda KuNKEL, Conn. State Geological and Natural History Survey, Bulletin No. 26, p. 89, fig. 18. 1921. Batea catharinensis SHOEMAKER, Uniy. of Iowa Studies. Studies in * Nat. Hist., vol. 9, no. 5, p. 100. Head; rostrum reaching to about two-thirds the length of the first joint of antenna 1, slightly curved downward, spear-shaped, sharply pointed; lateral angle rather blunt; lower anterior angle subquad- rate. Eyes large, dark, reniform, larger in male than in female. Antenna 1 and 2 longer in male than in female. Antenna 1, second joint narrower and a little shorter than first, third joint narrower than second and about one-third as long, under edge of first and second joints in male bearing several fascicles of short setae, flagel- lum many-jointed, setae of alternate joints directed forward and backward in male and forward and downward in female, alternate joints in female bearing also sensory filaments. Antenna 2, fifth joint narrower but very little shorter than fourth, upper edge of fourth and fifth joints in male bearing several fascicles of short setae, lower edge of fourth and fifth joints in female bearing several fascicles of long setae, flagellum many-jointed, alternate joints in female bearing two long and one short seta on under side. Upper lip rounded and bearing a fringe of fine setules on rounded apex. Mandible, cutting edge narrow, sharply toothed throughout, acces- sory plate also toothed, five serrated spine teeth in spine-row of left mandible and four in that of right, molar strong, prominent, bor- dered by a single plumose setule and a row of fine teeth on upper edge, a strong protuberance between molar and base of palp, palp with second joint stouter but very little longer than third, both sec- ond and third joints provided on their front margins with numerous bristles. Maxilla 1, outer plate with 10 or 11 toothed spines, inner with four or five plumose setae, palp with first joint about one- half the length of second, which is provided distally with a few short, blunt spine-teeth and a few short setae. Maxilla 2, outer plate shghtly wider and longer than inner, armed distally with many long curved bristles, inner plate armed distally with many bristles and two plumose setae. Maxilliped, outer plate reaching about three-fourths the distance along the second joint of palp, somewhat truncated distally and provided on the truncated end with a few plumose setae, inner edge provided with about five odontoid spines and a few short, curved, blunt bristles, inner plate provided on its truncated end with three short, stout odontoid spines, and on the end and inner edge with plumose setae, palp with third joint provided with a stout, curved claw. Lower lip, outer lobes large and distally rounded, inner lobes small, mandibular processes well developed. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 Gnathopod 1 very slender, curved backward, not reaching end of second joint of gnathopod 2, a little longer and stouter in female than in male, second joint in male with a few setae along the front IG, 1.—BATEA CATHARINENSIS MULLER, MALE, Woops HOoLr, Mass. a, HEAD AND AN- THNNAD; 6, UPPER LIP AND EPISTOME; C AND d, FIRST GNATHOPODS OF DIFFERENT INDI- VIDUALS; €, GNATHOPOD 2, SHOWING TEETH OF PALM; f, ABDOMEN AND APPENDAGES; J, POSTERIOR LATERAL MARGIN OF ABDOMINAL SEGMENT 3; h, UROPOD 3 AND TRLSON margin, two long, curved setae at distal end and usually one on hind margin near distal end, in the female the setae on front margin more numerous, a group of curved setae at distal end and a long curved ART. 25 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE—SHOEMAKER 5 seta on hind margin near apex. Gnathopod 2, second joint equal in length to fifth and sixth combined, third and fourth joints short, fifth joint greatly widened distally, the hind margin produced into I'te, 2.—BATEA CATHARINENSIS MULLER, MALE, Woops Houn, MASs. a, HEAD; 0, LOWNR LIP; C, PERAEOPOD 1; d, PERAEHOPOD 2; €, PPRAWOPOD 3; f, PERAEOPOD 4; g, PHRAWOPOD 5 a deep triangular lobe provided on front margin with many forward- pointing bristles, sixth joint one-fourth longer than fifth and nearly as wide, palm a little longer than hind margin, finely toothed 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 6& throughout, very oblique, and defined by a few double-pointed spines, finger equaling palm, curved, and bearing several forward-pointing teeth. Peraeopods 1 and 2, fifth and sixth joints in male provided on their hind margins with a row of long plumose setae. Peraeopod. lic. 3.—BATEA CATHARINENSIS MULLER, Woops HoLp, Mass. MALE.—a, GNATHOPOD 2; b AND C, LEFT MANDIBLE; d, MAXILLA 1; €, MAXILLA 2; f, MAXILLIPED; g, GNATHOPOD 1. FEeMALp.—h, HpaD; i, ANTENNA 1; j, ANTENNA 2; Kk, INNER PLATE OF MAXILLA 1; Le GNATHOPOD 1; m, GNATHOPOD 2; n, PERAEOPOD 1; 0, PERAEROPOD 2 3, distal end of second joint a little expanded in front and slightly lobed behind, remaining joints as in peraeopods 1 and 2. Peraeopod 4, second joint greatly expanded, widest through proximal portion, lower half of front margin provided with long plumose setae, and a ART. 25 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE—SHOEMAKER Zz few long plumose setae arising from the lower half of the hind margin of the muscular portion of the joint, remaining joints as in the preceding peraeopods. Peraeopod 5 longest, second joint m Fig. 4.—BaTbA CATHARINENSIS MULLER, CHESAPEAKE Bay.—a, Ler’ MANDIBLE, FHMALB; b, PALP OF LEFT MANDIBLE, FEMALD; @, GNATHOPOD 1, MALB; d, GNATHOPOD 1, FEMALE; e, GNATHOPOD 2, FEMALE. INSIDE MOUTH OF MAY River, SourH CaroLtina.—f, GNATHO- POD 1, MALE; g, GNATHOPOD 2, MALP; h, PERABOPOD 2, MALE; i, PERAEKOPOD 3, MALD; j, PERAEOPOD 4, MALE; k, PBRAEOPOD 5, MALE; 1, POSTERIOR LATERAL MARGIN OF ABDOMI- NAL SEGMENT 3, MALE}; m, TELSON, MALY. Mourn or BULL’s CREEK, NEAR COOPER River, SourH CaroLtina.—n, GNATHOPOD 1, FEMALE 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 greatly expanded, widest through the proximal third, distal portion of hind margin produced into a broad, downward-projecting lobe reaching below the third joint, remaining joints as in the preceding peraeopods. Side-plate 2 about as deep as its segment, front margin convex, forming an almost even curve with the lower margin, lower anterior angle scarcely discernible, hind border in male slightly convex, in female nearly straight. Side-plate 3 expanded below, sides and lower margin nearly straight. Side-plate 4 a little deeper than its segment, very broad and deeply excavate on the upper hind margin. Side-plates 5 and 6 shallow with hind lobe much deeper than front. Side-plate 7 shallow with lower margin evenly convex. Abdominal segment 3, lower hind margin evenly convex, lower half armed with a row of fine upward-pointing teeth at the base of each of which is a setule. Uropod 1 reaching farther back than 2 but not so far as 3, peduncle a little longer than rami, outer ramus slightly shorter thaninner. Uropod 2, peduncle very little longer than inner ramus, outer ramus two-thirds the length of inner. Uropod 3, peduncle short, rami lamelliform and spear shaped, provided on their outer and inner edges with many short spines and long plu- mose setae. Telson cleft beyond the middle, apices blunt and rounded, inner edges convex. Adult specimens measure from 5 to 8 mm. in length. I have examined specimens of this species from Woods Hole, Mass.. Chesapeake Bay, coast of South Carolina, west coast of Florida, and Barbados and I can not detect any specific differences. Batca secunda Holmes is undoubtedly identical with Batea catharinensis Miler. The coxal joint of the first gnathopod, one of the characters which Holmes used for fixing his species, is extremely rucimentary and imperfectly formed so that it is very difficult to assign any definite form or size to it. There are in the collection of the United States National Museum the following specimens: 20 specimens collected at Woods Hole, Mass., by S. J. Holmes, July 18, 1901; 28 specimens collected at Woods Hole. Mass., by Dr. C. J. Fish, June 10, 1922; 3 specimens collected in Tangier Sound, Chesapeake Bay, by the steamer ish Hawk, June 4, 1891; 100 specimens collected one mile inside of May River, South Carolina, by the steamer Fish Hawk, January 17, 1891: 200 specimens collected at west end of Skull Creek, South Carolina, by the steamer Fish Hawk, January, 1891; 1 specimen collected at the mouth of Bull’s Creek, near Cooper River, South Carolina, by the steamer /ish Hawk, January 18, 1889; 1 specimen from Tampa Bay, Florida, collector and date unknown; several hundreds of specimens from Chesapeake Bay, collected by the steamer Fish Hawk during the years 1915 to 1921. ART. 25 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE—SHOEMAKER 9 Three specimens collected by the Barbados-Antigua Expeditior. of 1918 at Pelican Island, Barbados, May 13, 1918, are in the collection of the University of Iowa. BATEA RECTANGULATA Shoemaker (Figures 5-7) 1925. Batea rectangulata SHOEMAKER, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 52, art. 2, p. 31, figs. 7-9. Female——Head with rostrum strongly curved downward and acutely pointed. Mandibles with five spine-teeth on left and four on right; palp, third joint about two-thirds as long as second, and provided on distal half of front margin with many long, curved, minutely-plumosed setae, and near the proximal end of back margin with two long curved, minutely-plumosed setae; one of the distal spines of the third joint much enlarged, making it appear quite dactyl-like; second joint of palp with stout setae on distal half of front margin. Lower lp without inner lobes, or at best only a mere suggestion of them. Maxilla 1, inner plate with seven plumose setae, below which are several setules, outer plate provided with 10 or 11 very stout, curved, toothed spine-teeth, palp with first joint about two-thirds the length of second, second joint evenly rounded distally and provided with many short spines. Maxilla 2 with both plates evenly rounded distally, inner plate furnished with two plumose setae and many long sharp spines, outer plate furnished distally with many long, sharp, curved spines. Mavxillipeds, inner plate reaching to about the middle of the first joint of the palp, armed on truncated end and along inner margin with long plumose setae, one sharp spine-tooth among the setae on the truncated end could be discerned, but if others were present they were completely hidden by the mass of surrounding plumose setae, outer plate reach- ing beyond the second joint of palp and provided on the inner edge with 12 tooth-like spines, no plumose setae at distal end of this plate, outer edge provided with a row of fine setules. The three joints of the palp all of equal length, dactyl stout with downward- pointing tip. Gnathopod 1 with the terminal spines of second joint much as in B. catharinensis, front margin with five or six long setae, and two long curved setae near the distal end of hind margin. snathopod 2 proportionately longer and more slender than in B. catharinensis, second joint very slender and nearly as long as the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth joints combined, fifth joint slender and slightly longer than sixth, sixth joint slender, palm oblique, about two-thirds the length of hind margin and minutely serrated throughout its length, dactyl slightly curved and bearing four for- ward-pointing teeth and several setules on inner margin. Peraeo-: 79649—26—_2 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vor. 68 pod 1, fifth and sixth joints missing, second joint with a row of short, slender spines on front margin and two groups of long bristles near the distal end of hind margin. Peraeopod 2, fifth and Fic. 5.—BATPA RNCTANGULATA SHORMAKER, SAN FRANCISQUITO Bay, GULF OF CALIFORNIA. FrMAaLy.—a, GNATHOPOD 1; b, GNATHOPOD 2; c, PHRAHOPOD 1; d, PERAEOPOD 5 sixth joints missing, second, third, and fourth joints about as in peraeopod 1. Peraeopod 8, second joint with lobe of hind margin rounding and without any downward dip. Peraeopod 4, second ART. 25 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE—SHOEMAKER 11 joint not wider above than below, but about the same width through- out, hind margin evenly convex. Peraeopod 5, second joint about Vic. 6.—BaTbA RECTANGULATA SHOEMAKER, SAN FRANCISQUITO Bay, GULF OF CALIFORNIA, FEMALD.—a, GNATHOPOD 2, SHOWING TEETH OF PALM AND FINGUR; 0b, PERAHOPOD 23 C, PPRAEOPOD 3; d, PERAEPOD 4 as broad as long, lower posterior margin not forming as deep a lobe as in B. catharinensis. Side-plates all much deeper than in B. 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 catharinensis. Side-plate 2 rectangular in outline, front and back margins nearly parallel, lower margin transverse, slightly convex and provided with a row of setules. Side-plate 3 extending slightly Fig. 7. BATEA RECTANGULATA SHOEMAKER, SAN FRANCISQUITO Bay, GULF OF CALIFORNIA. FEMALE.—a, HEAD AND FIRST TWO THORACIC SEGMENTS ; JD, LEFT MANDIBLE; C, PALP OF LEFT MANDIBLE; d, RIGHT MANDIBLE; e, PALP OF RIGHT MANDIBLE; f, MAXILLA 1; 9, MAXILLA 2; h, MAXILLIPED; 4, LOWKR LIP ART. 25 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE—SHOEMAKER 13 beyond the second joint of the peraeopod, sides nearly parallel but slightly wider below, lower margin transverse, very slightly convex and bordered by a row of minute setules. Side-plate 4 with hind margin not so deeply excavate as in B. catharinensis, lower margin unevenly convex and bordered by a row of minute setules. Side- plate 5 with hind lobe deeper and more acute than in B. cathari- nensis. Side-plates 6 and 7 differing very slightly from those of B. catharinensis. Posterior lateral margin of abdominal segment 3 bearing a greater number of serrations than that of B. catharinensis. Uropods about as in B. catharinensis. Telson proportionately shorter and broader than in B. catharinensis, lobes with apices acute and inside margins concave, each lobe with two setules near the apex, and each side of telson bearing three setules near the base. Length of the type specimen 6 mm. The only known specimen of this species was obtained by the steamer Albatross in 1911 in San Francisquito Bay, Gulf of California, and established the first record of the occurrence of this genus on the west coast of America. The type is in the collection of the United States National Museum, cata- logue number 52360. BATEA TRANSVERSA, new species (Figures 8-11) Female——Head with rostrum evenly-curved downward and very acute, under edge evenly concave. Eyes large, black. Antennae normal. Mandible with third joint of palp a little over half the length of the second, spine arrangement of these two joints as in B. rectangulata, five spines in spine-row of left mandible, and four in that of right. Maxilla 1, inner plate with six or seven plumose setae, outer plate armed with stout, curved, toothed spines as in B. rectangulata, palp with first joint nearly two-thirds the length of the second. Maxilla 2, inner plate reaching nearly to the end of outer plate, spine and seta arrangement as in B. rectangulata. Maxillipeds, inner plate reaching nearly to the end of first joint of palp, armed on its truncated end with three rather blunt spine-teeth, and on the truncated end and inner margin with plumose setae, outer plate reaching nearly to the end of the second joint of palp, armed on its upper rounded end and inner edge with tooth-like spines, second joint of palp a little longer than first or third which are subequal, dactyl evenly curved throughout, point not dipping down as in B. rectangulata. Lower lip without inner lobes. Gnath- opod 1 normal. Gnathopod 2 proportionally nearly as in &. rec- tangulata, fifth, and sixth joints long and narrow, sixth about four- fifths as long as fifth, widest at distal end, palm nearly transverse, being only slightly oblique, dactyl with three forward-pointing teeth oninneredge. Peraeopodsland2normal. Peraeopod 3, second joint 79649—26—_3 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 with prominent, downward projecting anterior and posterior lobes. Peraeopod 4, second joint proportionately shorter and broader than IG. 8.—BATEA TRANSVERSA, NEW SPECIES, Point LOMA, CALIFORNIA, MALE.—a, MANDI- BLE; b, MAXILLA 1; Cc, MAXILLA 2; d, MAXILLIPED; e€, LOWER LIP; f, GNATHOPOD 1; g, POSTERIOR LATERAL MARGIN OF ABDOMINAL SEGMENT 3; hh, TELSON. CATALINA Harpor, SANTA CATALINA ISLAND, FEMALE.—i, MAXILLA 1; j, MAXILLA 2; k, MAXILLIPED ; l, LOWER LIP in B. rectangulata, hind margin evenly convex and bearing shallow serrations, lower anterior and posterior lobes both dipping down ART, 25 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE—SHOEMAKER 15 about the same distance. Peraeopod 5 much as in B. rectangulata, widest through upper part, posterior edge serrate. Side-plates much Fic. 9.—BATEA TRANSVERSA, NEW SPECIBS, CATALINA HARBOR, SANTA CATALINA ISLAND. FEMALE.—d, HEAD AND FIRST THREE THORACIC SEGMENTS; 0, MANDIBLE; C, GNATHOPOD 1; d, GNATHOPOD 2, MUCH ENLARGED}; €, PERAROPOD 1; 7, PERAEOPOD 3; g, POSTERIOR LATERAL MARGIN OF ABDOMINAL SEGMENT 3; h, TELSON as in B. catharinensis. Abdominal segment 3, posterior lateral mar- gin with teeth shaped and arranged much as in ZB. rectangulata. 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 68 Uropods normal. Telson with sides converging and each bearing a row of minute setules, cleft for only about one-third its length, lobes rather bluntly pointed and with inside edges slightly concave. #, Lf fa] | i 7a Hy ' | \\ \\ \ \\ \\ Fic. 10.—BATEA TRANSVERSA, NEW SPECINS, Point LOMA, CALIFORNIA. MaLE.—a, HBAD AND ANTENNAE; Db, GNATHOPOD 2; C, PERAEOPOD 1; d, PERAEOPOD 2; e, PERAEOPOD 3; f, PERAEOPOD 4; g, PERAEOPOD 5 Length—5 mm. Locality—One-half mile off the wireless station, Point Loma, California, August 20, 1918, collected by Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt. ART. 25 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE—SHOEMAKER Ley Type in the United States National Museum, catalogue number 02301. Fig. 11.—BatTra TRANSVERSA, NEW SPECIES, CATALINA HARBOR, SANTA CATALINA ISLAND. FEMALE.—a, GNATHOPOD 2; b, PERAEOPOD 2; Cc, PERAEOPOD 4; d, PERAEOPOD 5 Male—Antenna 1, alternate joints of flagellum bearing a back- ward pointing seta and an enlarged sensory seta. Inner plate of maxilla 1 with six plumose setae. Mandibles as in female. Gnath- 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 opod 1 about as in 2B. catharinensis. Gnathopod 2 as in the female. Peraeopods as in the female. Uropods normal. Telson cleft about one-third of its length, lobes blunter than in female with apices rounding, a plumose setule near the center of outside edges. The specific name of this species refers to the almost transverse palm of the second gnathopod. Specimens in the collection of the United States National Museum besides the type are as follows: 1 specimen collected at the entrance of Catalina Harbor, Santa Catalina Island, California, by the Venice Marine Biological Station, December 30, 1912; 54 specimens collected off Point Loma, Cali- fornia, by Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, Aug. 1918. BATEA LOBATA, new species (Figures 12, 138) Female—Head with rostrum spear-shaped and pointing almost directly forward. Eyes large reniform, black. Lateral angle very flat and rounding. Lower anterior corner rounding. Antennae nor- mal. Mandibles with five spine-teeth in spine-row of left and four in that of right, palp with third joint little shorter than second and armed on the distal front half with many long bristles one of the terminal ones of which is enlarged and dactyl-like, second joint expanded at the distal end and bearing a group of long bristles on this expansion, no bristles on the proximal part of the joint. Maxilla 1 with nine plumose setae on inner plate, outer plate and palp as in B. rectangulata. Maxilla 2 as in B. rectangulata. Maxillipeds, in- ner plate extending a little beyond the end of the first joint of the palp and bearing three spine-teeth on its truncated end, outer plate not reaching the end of the second joint of the palp, inner edge armed with a row of tooth-like spines, no plumose setae on end of plate, first joint of palp about two-thirds as long as second, second a little longer than third. Lower lip without inner lobes. Gnatho- pods 1 and 2 much as in B. catharinensis. Gnathopod 2, fifth, and sixth joints subequal in length and width, fifth joint longer than wide with the lobe of hind margin much less acute than in B. catharinen- sis, sixth joint with palm oblique, slightly convex and a little shorter than hind margin of joint, dactyl with four or five teeth on inner edge. Peraeopods much as in B, ecatharinensis. Second joint of peraeopod 3 with the lower posterior lobe a little more prominent and crenulate than in B. catharinensis. Second joint of peraeopod 4 not noticeably wider above than below, with hind margin evenly convex. Second joint of peraeopod 5 as broad as long, widest through upper third. Side-plate 2 as in B. catharinensis. Side- plate 3 with sides less divergent than in B. catharinensis. Side- plate 4 as in B. catharinensis. Side-plate 5 with hind lobe a little SHOEMAKER 19 ART. 25: THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE more acute below than in B. catharinensis. Side-plates 6 and 7 as in B. catharinensis. Abdominal segment 3 with serrations of lateral margin very obscure, the lower ones are very flat with very minute upturned points while the upper ones are reduced to mere flattened Fig. 12.—BATwa LOBATA, NDW SPECIES. FEMALE.—a, HAD; b, MANDIBLE; C, MAXILLA 1; d, MAXILLIPED ; €, LOWER LIP; f AND g, GNATHOPOD 1; h, THLSON lobes. Uropods normal. Telson with outer edges furnished with a row of spinules, and lobes more acute than in Batea catharinensis. Length—6 mm. Locality—¥rom end of pier at La Jolla, Southern California, collected by Percy 8. Barnhart of the Scripps Institution, November 25, 1915. 20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 Type.—United States National Museum catalogue number 52309. The specific name of this species refers to the very flat lobes which Fig. 13.—Batrma LOBATA, NEW SPECIES. FEMALE.-—a@ AND 0, GNATHOPOD 2; C, GNATHOPOD 2, MUCH ENLARGED; d, PPRAROPOD 1; e, PERANOPOD 2; f, PERAEOPOD 3; g, PERAEOPOD 4; h, PPRABOPOD 5; i, POSTERIOR LATERAL MARGIN OF ABDOMINAL SEGMENT 3 take the place of the teeth on the posterior lateral edge of the third abdominal segment in the other known species of this genus. Be- sides the type there are in the collection of the United States ART. 25 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE—SHOEMAKER 21 National Museum 13 specimens from La Jolla, southern California, collected by the Scripps Institution. CARINOBATEA, new genus Last thoracic and first and second abdominal segments strongly dentate. Lower lip without inner lobes. Outer plates of maxillipeds reaching to or a little beyond the end of second joint of palp. Other- wise as in Batea. Genotype.—C arinobatea cuspidata, new species. CARINOBATEA CUSPIDATA, new species (Figures 14, 15) Male—Head, rostrum downward-curved, lance-shaped and sharply pointed, lateral angle shallow and blunt, lower front margin slightly concave, lower anterior angle rather sharp, eyes large and light yellow. Antenna 1 about three-fourths as long as body, first joint of peduncle with lower margin produced forward into a long sharp point extending beyond the middle of the second joint, second joint much smaller than first, third joint less than half the length of second, both first and second joints bearing tufts of setae on ther lower margins, flagellum composed of many short joints which bear forward-pointing setae at their lower distal edges, no backward- pointing setae as in B. catharinensis. Antenna 2 as long as the en- tire body, fourth and fifth joints with tufts of setae on their upper margins, flagellum composed of many short joints which bear for- ward-pointing setae at their upper distal edges. Mandibles, four spine-teeth on right and five on left, palp with second joint slightly curved and bearing a few long bristles on the front distal edge, third joint a little over half the length of the second and bearing a row of fine bristles on the front edge and a stout dactyl-like spine at the distal end, the hind margin of third joint bearing a group of jong curved bristles near the proximal end. Maxilla 1, outer plate with a row of 11 toothed spines, inner plate with eight plumose setae, palp with second joint very little longer than first, a row of short spines on distal end. Maxilla 2 asin Batea catharinensis. Maxilliped, outer plate reaching just to the end of the second joint of palp and bearing eight odontoid spines on inner edge, inner plate with three stout spine-teeth on truncated end. Lower lip without inner lobes or at best a mere suggestion of them. Gnathopod 1 very slender and recurved, widening a little toward the distal end, front margin bearing six slender setae, hind margin bearing five long curved setae arranged in a compact row near the distal end, two slender setae on distal ex- tremity. Gnathopod 2, front and lower margins of side-plate evenly ID) PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 68 curved, second joint shorter than side-plate, third joint at least two- thirds the length of second, fifth joint slender and about equal in length to third, lower distal edge produced into an acute angle, sixth joint shorter than fifth, palm not very oblique, shorter than hind I'ig. 14.—CARINOBATPA CUSPIDATA, NEW GENUS AND SPHCIPS. MALE.—da, ENTIRE ANIMAL ; b, GNATHOPOD 1; c, GNATHOPOD 2; d, PERAEOPOD 1; e€, PERAHOPOD 2; f, PHRAHOPOD 3; J, PERAHOPOD 4; ht, PERAEOPOD 5; i, POSTERIOR LATERAL MARGIN OF ABDOMINAL SEG- MENT 3; Jj, UROPOD 1; hk, TEHLSON margin and minutely toothed throughout, several stout spines defin- ing the palm. Dactyl equaling palm in length, curved, and bearing four teeth on inner margin. Peraeopod 1, side-plate with front margin slightly convex, lower margin slightly convex, hind margia ART. 25 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE—SHOEMAKER 22 concave, and lower posterior corner evenly rounded, limb as in Batea catharinensis. Peraeopod 2, side-plate with hind lobe not so much produced as in B. catharinensis, lower margin evenly convex, second Fic. 15.—CARINOBATBA CUSPIDATA, NEW GENUS AND SPECIES. MALE.—a, HbApD; 0b, RIGHT MANDIBLE; C, MAXILLA 1; d, MAXILLA 2; €, MAXILLIPED; f, LOWER LIP; g, ANTENNA 1; h, ANTENNA 2; i, GNATHOPOD 1; j, GNATHOPOD 2; &, GNATHOPOD 2, ENLARGED; l, UROPOD 33; m, TELSON. FEMALE.—n, GNATHOPOD 1; 0, GNATHOPOD 2 joint bearing four long plumose setae near lower hind margin and four long simple setae near middle, rest of limb normal. Peraeopod 3, side-plate differing little from that of B. catharinensis, second 24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 68 joint not expanded below as in B. catharinensis, hind margin straight and bearing a row of plumose setae, no lobe at lower hind corner, rest of limb normal. Peraeopod 4, side-plate as in ZB. catharinensis, second joint widest through the lower part, hind margin evenly con- vex, rest of limb normal. Peraeopod 5, nearly as in B. catharinensis, but second joint proportionately a little shorter. The seventh tho- racic and the first two abdominal segments are produced dorsally into prominent, sharp, backward-pointing processes. The lower lat- eral margin of the third abdominal segment with 11 upward- pointing teeth at the base of each of which is a setule. Uropod 1, outer edge of peduncle provided with a row of short, closely-set spines. Uropod 3, outer ramus slightly shorter than inner, both rami provided on their edges with a row of short spines and long plumose setae, each ramus ending in a long, slender, transparent point, at the base of which is a prominent lobe. Telson with sides convex at base then straight and converging, each side bearing two plumose setae at center, cleft not reaching middle, lobes with inside margins concave, apices pointed and each bearing a setule near the end. Length—5 mm. Locality—Between Water Island and Saint Thomas, Virgin Is- lands of the United States, June 28, 1915, 2-5 fathoms, collected by Clarence R. Shoemaker. Type.—United States National Museum, catalogue number 52295. Female—Very much lke the male but not quite so slender. Rostrum narrower and sharper than-in male. Gnathopod 1 a little stouter than in male. Gnathopod 2 as in male but with the second joint longer than side-plate, and third joint three-fourths the length of second. There are in the collection of the United States National Museum the following specimens: 7 specimens collected in shallow water about the Island of Saint Thomas, Virgin Islands of the United States, by Clarence R. Shoemaker during the summer of 1915; 1 specimen collected off the west coast of Florida by the steamer Albatross, between station numbers 2369-74, February 7, 1885, depth 64 fathoms; 1 specimen probably collected at Porto Rico, collector and date unknown. CARINOBATEA CARINATA, new species (Figure 16) This species closely resembles Carinobatea cuspidata but differs in the following characters. Rostrum a little longer, narrower, and more acutely pointed than in C. cuspidata. Gnathopod 2, second joint as long as or a little longer than side-plate, third joint less than one-third the length of second, fifth and sixth proportionately ART. 25 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY BATEIDAE—SHOEMAKER 25 shorter and broader than in (C. cuspidata, palm a little more oblique and more coarsely toothed. Peraeopod 5, second joint much wider above than below with hind margin nearly straight and coarsely serrated. The last thoracic and the first two abdominal segments produced backward dorsally into sharp points, and these segments h Fic. 16.—CARINOBATHA CARINATA, NEW GENUS AND SPECIBS. MALE.—a, GNATHOPOD 1; b, GNATHOPOD 2. FEMALE.—c, HEAD AND GNATHOPOD 1; d, GNATHOPOD 13; e, GNATHOPOD 2; f, HAND, ENLARGED; g, PERAEOPOD 5; h, UROPOD 1; i, UROPOD 3; j, TELSON; k, TELSON OF ANOTHER INDIVIDUAL; 1, ABDOMEN, SHOWING CARINAE compressed dorsally forming slight but distinct carinae. Uropod 1 with less than half as many spines on outer edge of peduncle as in C. cuspidata. Uropod 3 not so broad and flat as in C. cuspidata, but with similar points and lobes at the ends of the rami. These rami are probably furnished with long plumose setae as in C. cuspi- 26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vot. 68, ArT. 25 data, but the specimens having been in alcohol since 1885, these setae have all become detached except in a couple of specimens where there are one or two still remaining near the extremity of the rami. Telson cleft a little beyond the middle, lobes acute with inside edges either slightly concave or slightly convex. Length—¥emale, 5 mm. Locality—Albatross station 2405, off the west coast of Florida, 28° 45’ 00’’ N., 85° 02’ 00’ W., March 15, 1885, depth 30 fathoms. Type.—United States National Museum, catalogue number 52315. There are in the collection of the United States National Museum besides the type, the following specimens: 1 specimen, Albatross station 2369-74, off west coast of Florida, February 7, 1885, depth 26 fathoms; 39 specimens, Albatross station 2405, off the west coast of Florida, 28° 45’ 00’’ N., 85° 02’ 00’ W., March 15, 1885, depth 30 fathoms; 1 specimen Albatross station 2409 off west coast of Florida, 27° 04’ 00’ N., 83° 21’ 15’’ W., March 18, 1885, depth 26 fathoms. BIBLIOGRAPHY HouMEs, 8. J.: 1903. Synopses of North American Invertebrates. XVIII. The Amphi- poda. The American Naturalist, vol. 37, no. 486, April, pp. 267-292. 1905. The Amphipoda of Southern New England. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries for 1904, vol. 24, pp. 457-529, pls. 1-13. KUNKEL, B. W.: 1918. The Arthrostraca of Connecticut. State of Connecticut. State Geological and Natural History Survey, Bulletin no. 26, pp. 1-261. MULLER, FRITZ: 1865. Description of a new Genus of Amphipod Crustacea. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol. 15, pp. 276—277, pl. 10. RATHBUN,. M. J.: 1905. Fauna of New England. List of the Crustacea. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 1-117. SHOEMAKER, ©. R.: 1921. Report on the Amphipods collected by the Barbados-Antigua Expe- dition from the University of Iowa in 1918. University of Iowa Studies in Natural History, vol. 9, no. 5, (ser. 1, no. 45) March 15, 1921, pp. 99-102. 1925. The Amphipoda collected by the United States Fisheries Steamer Albatross in 1911, chiefly in the Gulf of California, ete. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 52, art. 2, pp. 21-61. STEBBING, T. R. R.: 1906. Amphipoda. I. Gammaridea.—Das Tierreich, vol. 21, pp. 1-39, 1-806. SUMNER, F. B., OSBuRN, R. C., Cotz, L. J., and Davis, B. 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