CIRCULATING SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Gury. UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM VOLUME 89 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1942 ADVERTISEMENT The scientific publications of the National Museum include two series, known, respectively, as Proceedings and Bulletin. The Proceedings series, begun in 1878, is intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original papers, based on the collec- tions of the National Museum, that set forth newly acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology, with descriptions of new forms and revisions of limited groups. Copies of each paper, in pamphlet form, are distributed as published to libraries and scientific organi- zations and to specialists and others interested in the different sub- jects. The dates at which these separate papers are published are recorded in the table of contents of each of the volumes. The present volume is the eighty-ninth of this series. The series of Bulletins, the first of which was issued in 1875, con- tains separate publications comprising monographs of large zoologi- cal groups and other general systematic treatises (occasionally in several volumes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, catalogs of type specimens, special collections, and other material of similar nature. The majority of the volumes are octavo in size, but a quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indispensable. In the Bulletin series appear volumes under the heading Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, in octavo form, published by the National Museum since 1902, which contain papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum. ALEXANDER WETMORE, Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. II CONTENTS Page Bartscu, Pavunt. The West American Haliotis. No. 3094. Usb phony 40 cas eyes RR ae Boece eae 49-58 New species: Haliotis sorenseni, H. aulaea, H. smithsoni. New subspecies: Haliotis rufescens hattorii. Barrscu, Pauu. See under Torre, Carlos de la___--------- 131-3885 Basster, R. S. A supposed jellyfish from the pre-Cambrian of the Grand Canyon. No. 3104. February 27, 1941*_-- 519-522 New species: Brooksella canyonensis. Cuapin, Epwarp A. A revision of the West Indian beetles of the scarabaeid subfamily Aphodiinae. No. 3092. May Ee et een en eam AO SS Wh | Ee eee 1-41 New species: Saprosites blackwelderi, Ataenius beattyi, A. abdi- toides, A. corrosus, A. subopacus, A. edwardsi, A. insulicola, A. jamaicensis, A. luteomargo, A. brevinotus, Huparizia bruneri. Crargk, Austin H. Echinoderms from Greenland collected by Capt. Robert A. Bartlett. No. 3098. February 27, TIES): GEAR LS Hee aes sg SE Agi SEP 1 a 425-433 New species: Leptasterias (Hexasterias) bartletti. Cuark, Huserr Lyman. A revision of the keyhole urchins (Mellita)'= No3099. . December: 12;;1940 *222c25_ 2.222 435-444 New species: Mellita lata, M. latiambulacra. New variety: Mellita quinquiesperforata tenuis. Hoers, Horron H., Jr. Seven new crayfishes of the genus Cambarus from Florida, with notes on other species. ING: po00 Te Noveriber 20, MLO LO Fo as ee eine | er 387-423 New species: Cambarus pallidus, C. hubbelli, C. kilbyi, C. rath- bunae, C. pictus. New species and subspecies: Cambarus lucifugus lucifugus, C. l. alachua. Hyman, Lippi: H. The polyclad flatworms of the Atlantic coast of the United States and Canada. No. 3101. Febru- GAINEV ee UPA EC) Ba AAS ESPANA 3 A) ERD FAAP BIN ARE AS Ba nt eS 449-495 New genera: Digynopora, Planctoplanella, Coronadena. New species: Stylochus puicher, Huplana carolinensis, Digynopora americana, Planctoplanella atlantica, Acerotisa buiae. New combinations: Coronadena mutabilis (Verrill, 1873), Disco- celides ellipsoides (Girard, 1854), Latocestus whartoni (Pearse, 1988), Hoploplana inquilina thaisana (Pearse, 19388), Gnesioceros floridana (Pearse, 1988), Hnantia pellucida (Pearse, 1938). 1 Date of publication. IIt IV PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Kirx, Epwin. Dinotocrinus, a new fossil inadunate crinoid genus. No. 3103. -Februany 28,002) fe--.. 22 == 2s 513-517 New genus: Dinotocrinus. New species: Dinotocrinus compactus, New combinations: Dinotocrinus roemeri (Troost), D. salteri (Worthen). Saytor, Lawrence W. Revision of the scarabaeid beetles of the phyllophagan subgenus Listrochelus of the United States, with discussion of related subgenera. No. 3095. Novem- berets; 19402. of hi cebiue). ge) gab ier ote 59-130 New species: Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) miraflora, P. (L.) mich- elbacheri, P. (L.) peninsularis, P. (L.) huachuca, P. (L.) chapimi, P. (L.) granti, P. (L.) reinhardii, P. (L.) koehleriana, P. (L.) neomezxicana, P. (L.) meadei, P. (L.) cochisa, P. (L.) texensis, P. (L.) wickhami, P. (L.) cushmani, P. (L.) mac- murryi, P. (L.) arizona, P. (L.) snowt. New names: Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) pilosipes, P. (L.) tro- chanter. Scuaus, Wuxtam. New species of heterocerous moths in the United States National Museum. No. 3102. March 6, 194 eth wo Settee lee dae ayeret e eeeee 497-511 New species: Protoparce maricina, P. huascara, Xylophanes cantel, Rothschildia mussehli, R. bucaya, Automeris hosmera, Halisidota eacualpana, H. biedala, H. terola, H. lowella, H. loisona, H. dal- tona, H. ishima, H. austina, H. soldina, H. joasa, H. azadina, H. guascana, H. cloisa, H. grota, H. nayapana, H. toledana, H. alarica, H. martona, H. calvona, H. lomara, H. misona, H. man- ada, H. siegruna, H. domara, H. suavina, H. potamia, H. sporina, H. chesteria. Taytor, Epwarp H. Two new anuran amphibians from Mex- ico. No. 3093. August 18, 19401 New species: Syrrhophus smithi, Hyla dendroscarta. Torre, Cartos pe LA, and Paun BartrscH. The Cuban operculate land mollusks of the family Annulariidae, exclusive of the subfamily Chondropominae. No. 3096. April 2, 19414____ 18 New genera: Opisthocoelicum, Dallsiphona, Xenopomoides, Lima- dorex, Limadora. New subgenera: Opisthocoelex, Opisthocoelops, Opisthocoelicum, Solutapex, Mirisiphon, Bermudezsiphona, Cubitasiphona, Cylindro- siphona, Cubadamsiella, Hutudorex, Gundlachtudora, Aguayotu- dora, Wrightudora, Tudorina, Annularodisca, Annularisca, An- nularodella, Fossularia, Juannularia, Guajaibona, Subannularia, Annularez, Bermudezia, Lugarenia. New species: Opisthocoelicum (Opisthocoeler) simulans, O. (Opisthocoelicum) opisthocoele, Torreila (Torrellisca) trinida- densis, Rhytidopoma occidentale, R. pinense, R. hespericum, Opisthosiphon (Bermudezsiphona) cucullatwm, O. (B.) palmeri, 1 Date of publication. 43-47 1-385 CONTENTS O. (B.) greenfieldi, O. (B.) lamellosum, O. (B.) plateroense, O. (B.) prominulum, O. (B.) insulanum, O. (B.) caguanense, O. (B.) subobtectum, O. (B.) bermudezi, O. (Opisthosiphona) plicatum, O. (O.) turiguanoense, O. (Cubitasiphona) poeyi, O. (C.) claudens, O. (C.) guanajaense, O. (C.) quinti, O. (C.) manatiense, O. (C.) sanchezi, O. (C.) sosai, O. (C.) litorale, O. (C.) deviatum, O. (Cylindrosiphona) bacillum, Xenopomoides delicatulum, Xenopoma aguayoi, X. hendersoni, X. spinosissimum, Adamsiella (Cubadamsiella) gratiosa, A. (C.) leoni, Limadorer limonensis, Limadora scabrata, Tudora (Butudorer) welchi, T. (E.) recai, T. (E.) complanata, T. (Ramsdenia) notata, T. (R.) natensoni, T. (Aguayotudora) suavis, T. (A.) cristata, T. (A.) crassiuscula, T. (A.) bermudezi, T. (A.) asperata, T. (A.) tuberculata, T. (A.) aguaycoi, T. (A.) varicosa, T. (A.) obesa, T. (Wrightudora) arcticoronata, T. (W.) gund.achi, Annularia (Annularodes) canoaensis, A. (A.) terneroensis, A. (A.) cantaril- lensis, A. (A.) obsoleta, A. (A.) perezi, A. (Annularops) alten- uata, A. (A.) plicata, A. (A.) perplera, A. (Annularodella) morenoi, A. (Hutudora) cabrerai, A. (H.) transitoria, A. (E.) latistoma, A. (Fossularia) boqueronensis, A. (Hutudorisca) camo- ensis, A. (Diplopoma) ramsdeni, A. (D.) pilsbryi, A. (D.) son- goensis, A. (D.) obsoleta, A. (Troschelvinder) barbouri, A. (T.) rocai, A. (Blaesospira) rocai, A. (Annularisca) aberrans, A. (A.) pallens, A. (A.) tacrensis, A. (Annularer) intercisa, A. (A.) incerta, A. (Bermudezia) bermudezi, A. (B.) payroli, A. (B.) obliterata, A. (B.) capestanyi, A. (B.) euglypta, A. (Lugar- enia) eurystoma, A. (L.) biayensis, A. (L.) najazaensis, A. (L.) lirata, A. (L.) sifontesi, A. (Annularella) hendersoni, A. (A.) victoris, A. (A.) arquesi, A. (A.) holguinensis, A. (A.) yumuri- ensis, A. (A.) nipensis, A. (A.) tanamensis, A. (A.) libanoensis, A. (A.) natensoni, A. (A.) toroensis, A. (A.) wrighti, A. (A.) mayariensis, A. (Chondropomatus) mimetica. New subspecies: Opisthocoelicum (Opisthocoeler) paradorum gib- bosum, O. (O.) p. magnum, O. (Opisthocoelicum) lamellicostatum opisthocoele, Torella (Torella) immersa camaronensis, T. (T.) i. grillensis, T. (Torrellisca) simpsoni terneroensis, Rhytidopoma honestum itinerans, R. nodulatum palenquense, R. n. anafense, R. wrightianum ottonis, R. w. cabrasense, R. pinense rosarioense, R. p. colombense, R. p. ergastulum, R. p. pinense, R. clathratum candelaense, R. c. jumaguaense, Opisthosiphon (Bermudezsi- phona) palmeri palmeri, O. (B.) p. camajanense, O. (B.) lamel- losum lamellosum, O. (B.) 1. lowei, O. (B.) banaoense trinchera- sense, O. (B.) obturatum sulcosum, O. (B.) obtectum seibaboense, O. (B.) o. guayosense, O. (B.) insulanum scopulorum, O. (B.) 4. insulanum, O. (B.) subobturatum tinajaense, O. (B.) subobtec- tum subobtectum, O. (B.) s. puntillense, O. (B.) 8. guajabanense, O. (B.) s. quintanense, O. (B.) detectum murinuwn, O. (B.) d. lucasense, O. (Opisthosiphona) pupoides pupoides, O. (O.) p. velazquezi, O. (O.) p. bibijaguaense, O. (O.) moreletianum colum- bense, O. (Cubitasiphona) berryi viguetense, O. (C.) paredonense escalerense, O. (Cylindrosiphona) bacillum garciai, O. (C.) 6. bacillum, Rhytidothyra bdilabiata rosea, R. b. rosacea, R. b. aurantiaca, R. b. nana, R. b. straminea, Parachondria (Parachon- dria) texta portillensis, P. (Parachondrops) erecta mayensis, VI PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 89 Page P. (P.) e. ramonensis, P. (P.) e. turquinensis, P. (P.) chordata tanamensis, P. (P.) ¢. baracoensis, P. (P.) c. mayariensis, P. (P.) c. songoensis, P. (P.) c. guantanamensis, Limadora garciana sil- laensis, Tudora (Hutodorer) undosa laureani, T. (H.) u. barroi, T. (H.) troscheli azucarensis, T. (H.) t. antoniensis, T. (H.) t. palmaritensis, T. (Ramsdenia) nobilitata mirandensis, T. (R.) n. yaterasensis, T. (R.) n. mayariensis, T. (R.) natensoni naten- soni, T. (R.) n. canetensis, T. (Aguayotudora) cristata cristata, T. (A.) ec. chorrillensis, T. (A.) bermudezi bermudezi, T. (A.) b. sibanicuensis, T. (A.) recta martiensis, T. (A.) 1. barreti, T. (A.) aguayoi aguayoi, T. (A.) a. guaicanamarensis, T. (A.) a. najazaensis, T. (Wrightudora) garridoiana baracoensis, Annularia (Annularodes) terneroensis indioensis, A. (A.) t. terneroensis, A. (A.) perezi perezi, A. (A.) p. guitarti, A. (Annularops) sauval- lei cortinai, A. (A.) 8. chorrerensis, A. (A.) 8s. natensoni, A. (A.) semicana organicola, A. (A.) s. nana, A. (A.) attenuata minaensis, A. (A.) a. morsei, A. (A.) a. attenuata, A. (A.) blaini cuwmbrensis, A. (A.) tryoni vinalensis, A. (Hutudora) transitoria transitoria, A. (#.) t. distincta, A. (Hutudorisca) catenata blanesi, A. (Dip- lopoma) architectonica libanoensis, A. (D.) a. tanamensis, A. (Juannularia) arguta insularis, A. (Annularita) majuscula nar- cisi, A. (A.) m. cumbrensis, A. (A.) m. crassilabris, A. (A.) m. excelsa,,A. (A.) m. catalinensis, A. (Troschelvindex) jiguanensis negrosensis, A. (T.) j. bairensis. A. (T.) candeana fallax, A. (T.) arangiana cautoensis, A. (T.) a. magistra, A. (Blaesospira) echinus lucifer, A. (B.) e. infiernalis, A. (Subannularia) storehi nipensis, A. (Lugarenia) eurystoma eurystoma, A. (L.) e. chor- rillensis, A. (L.) najazaensis najazaensis, A. (L.) n. palomarensis, A, (Z.) lirata lirata, A. (L.) Ll. parva, A. (Annularosa) fragilis juliami, A. (Annularella) mayariensis weichi, A. (A.) m. mayari- ensis, A. (A.) m. canapuensis. Wermore, ALEXANDER. Notes on birds of the Guatemalan high- landss*Noi3h05. * March 26s1041.o) son sem 10) sas 523-581 ZIMMERMAN, Exwoop C. Hurhoptodes, a remarkable new genus of Philippine cryptorhynchine weevils. No. 3100. Novem- 321 oe LAR S71 eg Sy er it ee edi DS a i A 445-448 New genus: Hurhoptodes. New species: Hurhoptodes cratatus, 1 Date of publication. PAY PAL 22. 23. 24. 20. 26. 27. 28, 29. 30. 31. 32. 33, 34. 30. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40, 41. 42. 43. 44, 45. 46. 47. 48. 49-55. 56. 57. 58. 59. ILLUSTRATIONS PLATES Following page ST iiLODUSe STULLING UC WS DCCC gaan ere eee 46 PH YiIgsdenarOsCata, NEWASDCCLES=— = - = een 46 MMETCUOLUSESOTENSCRI,, RCW SDCClCS = a ne ee ee 58 PPECILOLISaDONGCT.OSG) Ons AO AIM See ee ee eee 58 . New species and subspecies of. Haliotis__._________-_-__—__-__--_—- 58 . Species and subspecies of Opisthocoeliwum___-___------------------- 385 . Species and subspecies of Torrella and Rhytidopoma__—-—--_------ 385 . Species and subspecies of Rhytidopoma and Opisthosiphon___-_--- 385 . Species and subspecies of Opisthosiphon__-.__--____-_----_-------- 385 . Species and subspecies of Opisthosiphon (Bermudezsiphona) —~----- 385 . Species and subspecies of Opisthosiphon_______-_----_---___------- 385 . Species and subspecies of Opisthosiphon (Cubitasiphona) ___------ 385 » Subspecies of Rhytidothyra bilabiaia_-—_—____ - == = _ 3885 . Species and subspecies of Xenopomoides, Xenopoma, Opisthosiphon, AINCL LD. LCS UD TUO TL ai) oe eed a ee es Se ee 385 Species and subspecies of Parachondria and Adamsiella________--- 385 Species and subspecies of Limadora, Limadorezr, and Tudora____.- 385 Species and subspecies of Tudora (Hutudorer) _--_--------------- 3885 Speciessand) Subspecies! Of Pudorass= =. ee 385 Species and subspecies of T’udora (Ramsdenia) ~------------------ 385 Species and subspecies of Tudora (Aguayotudora) __------------~-~ 385 Speciesiand Subspecies: of ido se ee ee ee ee 385 Species and subspecies of Tudora and Annularia_________-__------- 385 Species and subspecies of Annularia (Annularops) _-------------~- 385 Annularia (Annularops) semicana semicana_______--------.----~~ 385 Species and subspecies of Annularia (Annularops) —_---_--_--_---__- 885 Species! and: subspecies) of Anniularian "2 ee ee eee 385 Species and subspecies of Annularia (Diplopoma) ____-___-----_--- 385 Subspecies of Annularia (Annularita) majuscula_______-_-__------- 385 Speciesvand subspeciessot Annulania-as es 22 ee eee 385 Species and subspecies of Annularia (Troschelvinder)__~_________ 385 Species and subspeciessot Agnulamia <= 2s tee ee 3885 species! Of, Annulanias (CANNUIATISCO) es ee ee ee 385 Subspecies of Annularia (Annularisea) auricoma__—______----___- 385 Species of Annulanian (Aniulansca) == =—— = oa ee eee 385 SPCCLOSHOLeAMNULATAD \ CANON ED) pare =e ee ee 385 SDEClESHO Le ANNULITIGa (CE CLIN CZUC) re a ee eee 385 Species and subspecies of Annularia (Lugarenia)_____-______-____ 385 Subspecies of Annularia (Annularosa) fragilis__________._.___--_-- 385 SpeciessorAnnularia: (Annulaneua eae a ee 385 Subspecies of Annularia (Annularella) mayariensis___.__.-________ 385 mpecies and) SUDSPeCies OL Amnulonig sa ee ee ee 385 Crossastennsquamatus \((DOderlein) 2 oe ee 433 Leptasterias (Hexasterias) bartletti, new species____.________-____ 433 VIII PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 Following page 60,61. Mellita lata, new species; M. quinquiesperforata tenuis, new VU UC Ey, 2 2c ARs Sea a ere ad ete en ae ee 444 62. Mellita lata, new species; M. latiambulacra, new species__________ 444 63. Dinotocrinus compactus, new genus and species_______________-____ 517 64. Brooksella canyonensis; new Speciesa2 =. ee 520 TEXT FIGURES Page 1. Male specimen of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) disparilis (Horn) —~--___ 118 2. Abdomen and claw (male) of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) tarsalis, P. (L.) senez, P. (L.) falsa, P. (L.) scoparia, P. (L.) trochanter, P. (L.) flavipennis, P. (L.) wickhami, and P. (L.) neomexicana_______ 119 3. Genitalia, antennae, and tarsi of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) timida, P. (L.) snowi, P. (L.) scoparia, P. (L.) peninsularis, P. (L.) mac- murryi, P. (L.) opacicollis, P. (L.) fimbripes, P. (L.) tarsalis, and Pras) VKOChlerianae 222 Set ce Bae ee ee ES: DAR RE SLET 120 4. Anatomical views of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) trochanter, P. (L.) scoparia, P. (L.) meadi, P. (L.) tarsalis, P. (L.) falsa, P. (L.) TRAN And Ps (Gale Ome LLCO = ns = ane ene eee een, 121 5. Abdomen and male genitalia of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) carminator, P. (L.) granti, P. (L.) densicollis, P. (L). michelbacheri, P. (L.) TENG LON) Le Ste Ae aceon nh i Th) ES are ata 122 6. Male genitalia of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) disparilis, P. (L.) arizona, P. (L.) duncani, P. (L.) cushmani, and P. (L.) seuticeps_. 123 7. Male genitalia of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) huachuca, P. (L.) sco- DATIGNAD GES (CLS YE CID UN ae ees arena erred DR ea eI 124 8. Male anatomy of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) reinhardi, P. (L.) muco- rea, P. (L.) pulcher, and P. (L.) plena; pygidium of female of P. (£.) disparilis, P. (L.) huachuca and P. (L.) chapini__________ 125 9. Male genitalia of Phyllophaga (Listrochetus) falsa, P. (L.) trochanter, PCL) =tarsalis sande Pi) Snorip esa ae ee 126 10. Male genitalia of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) flavipennis, P. (L.) granti, P. (L.) wickhami, P. (L.) macmurryi, and P. (L.) texensis_._.. 127 11. Male genitalia of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) koehleriana, P. (L.) neomexicana, P. (L.) opacicollis, P. (L.) pilosipes, and P. (L.) DOUAS a Soak rn ecole Eee aa Shel RE ENR SEE boas DEAL eRe a eee 128 12. Male genitalia of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) cochisa, P. (L.) cavata, IPS (1G) SNACTOS ANG nC) UC C0 Ce a ee ee 129 138. Genitalia of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) michelbacheri, P. (L.) den- sicollis, P. (L.) miraflora, P. (L.) carminator, P. (L.) hwachuca ANUP CLA) NONE ee ee a eS es ee 130 14. First pleopod of male crayfish to illustrate terminology_________-__-__ 388 15. Male anatomy of Cambarus acherontis LOnnberg_—-_-__----______-___ 391 16. Male anatomy of Cambarus pallidus, new species_____-___-___--______ 395 17. Male anatomy of Cambarus lucifugus lucifugus, new species aud sub- SPCC HS aaa ba ore i oy gle rae sis REE NOUR STU RSE EES Ne toe site eo 18. Male anatomy of Cambarus lucifugus alachua, new subspecies_______ 403 19. Male anatomy of Cambarus hubdbelli, new species-___________-_-_____ 407 20. Male anatomy of Cambarus kilbyi, new species______--______-_______ 411 21. Male anatomy of Cambarus rathbunae, new species________-_________ 415 22. Male anatomy of Cambarus pictus, new species______-___----____--___ 421 23. Eurhoptodes cratatus, new species: Dorsal aspect, venter, tarsus, tibia;-andside=vyiew22 352 ee ee a ee ek» 447 24, 205. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. ILLUSTRATIONS Coronadena mutabilis (Verrill) and Discocelides ellipsoides (Girard) — Copulatory complex of Discocelides ellipsoides (Girard) and Lato- cestus whartoni (Pearse), and eye arrangement of Stylochus ellip- EL CLES MCG ITELT: Cl) ee ree eee ee ween ees See ee ee eS ee eee ee Stylochus pulcher, new species, with copulatory complex___--_---___~ SPULOCIULS TOCULUTET ILS 1 (Gilbane ee ee Copulatory apparatus of Stylochus oculiferus (Girard) and eyes and copulatory complex of Huplana carolinensis, new species___-------- Digynopora americana, new genus and species, showing eyes and copulatory organs; copulatory complex of Planctoplanella atlantica, Planctoplanella atiantica, new genus and species, showing eyes and COPUIALOT Vs, COM Ple xaos ae ee ee a ee Se ee eee Eyes of Enantia pellucida (Pearse), copulatory complex of #. pellucida, Oligoclado floridanus, Acerotisa baiae, new species__-____---_-_--_-__ 474 480 . ey Agata anh pct | SAAN we Peslinr te te ep jae oe pees ask thes cad sl Lehnan entree eae peta wake bit te Soret i ieee es ae eb. Spe sey ate < ts sia leulige ee YROSaiOEe - } ‘ater gneve or Wi sell a wrt Ci, gee Di i, oh pari, a iy Sie be a Ueeita a oe al aie be 7 a / iba PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Washington: 1940 No. 3092 A REVISION OF THE WEST INDIAN BEETLES OF THE SCARABAEID SUBFAMILY APHODIINAE By Epwarp A. Carin Tue Aphodiinae form a compact group in the lamellicorn Coleop- tera that is considered by some workers to be of family rank. The species have a characteristic habitus and are mostly scavengers in the dung of higher animals. Some are associated with ant colonies, and a few, notably the species of Saprosttes, appear to feed on the dung of wood-boring insects such as the Passalidae. As a group their dis- tribution is world wide, and the range of some species has come, through the agency of commerce, to coincide with that of the whole. This transfer of species is going on actively at present, and it is only a matter of time before the distribution of the species feeding on dung of domesticated animals will be determined not by natural barriers but by the penetration of human commerce and the adapta- bility of the species to new climatic conditions. To judge from the fact that Aphodius lividus (Olivier) is now generally established trom Northern United States to the South Sea Islands and completely around the world in the Tropics and Subtropics, climate will play a minor role among the distributional factors. There has been active commercial intercourse among the various West Indian Islands and among the islands and many localities on the mainland of the New World for about 300 years. Aphodius sallet Harold appears to have been introduced onto certain islands during this period. On the other hand, its distribution at present could be offered as a perfect example to support the land-bridge hypothesis, for it is abundant in Mexico and Central America, common on Jamaica, and frequent on Hispaniola, but apparently absent elsewhere. There- 203107—40-—1 1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 fore it could be cited as a late migrant coming from Honduras across Jamaica to Hispaniola but too late to continue its way to Cuba. The classification set forth in this paper is in general along conven- tional lines. One new taxonomic character, which appears to be of some importance, has been introduced. This relates to the structure of the pygidial segment of the abdomen. In the genus Aphodius it will be noticed that the pygidium is more or less uniformly sclero- tized from base to apex, with no transverse ridge or carina and with- out a median longitudinal groove on the basal portion. As a corol- lary, the apical angles of the elytra are individually rounded, not capable of close approximation and without globular thickenings on the under sides at the angles. In the other genera of the West In- dian fauna there is a curious device present that serves to lock the elytra and abdomen together. The pygidium is divided into basal and apical parts, these usually separated by transverse ridge or carina. On the basal part there is a median longitudinal groove of greater or lesser degree of development. The elytra are so constructed that when closed the apical angles are together, and they are so held by virtue of the tongue and grove construction of the sutural edges of the elytra. The apical angles are swollen beneath to form a hemi- spherical knob that is applied to and slides in the groove on the basal part of the pygidium. In some species the transverse carina of the pygidium is somewhat undercut to accommodate the apical edges of the elytra. This condition is found in many other genera of the Scarabaeidae, as Choeridium and Phanaeus. It is therefore a secondary modification that has arisen independently in the various groups. But within the Aphodiinae it would appear to be of some value as an indication of the close relation existing between certain tribes. Thus the Aphodiinae and Corythoderini seem to be mutually allied and to a degree separated from the Eupariini, Psammodiini, and Rhyparini. This revision is the result of a study of more than 6,000 specimens from 20 of the West Indian Islands. The greater part of this ma- terial was secured during the years 1935 to 19387 by Dr. and Mrs. R. EK. Blackwelder, while Dr. Blackwelder was the holder of the Walter Rathbone Bacon Scholarship of the Smithsonian Institution. To their collections have been added the specimens already in the United States National Museum, smaller lots from St. Croix submitted by H. A. Beatty, from Puerto Rico, collected by the late Stuart T. Dan- forth, and a fair collection from Jamaica made by the writer in 1937 while associated with Dr. and Mrs. Blackwelder. This probably is a greater mass of material than has been available to any previous worker. Thanks are offered to these and others, notably to G. J. Arrow, of the British Museum, for loan of specimens; to H. E. Hin- WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—-CHAPIN 3 ton, also of the British Museum, for material from his collection and suggestions; and to Dr. P. J. Darlington, of the Museum of Compara- tive Zoology, for the loan of considerable material from the Greater Antilles. TABLE 1.—Distribution of West Indian Aphodiinae a } Sap- | to Ataenius | sites | n & —_ rS 3 Island rath ie 5 Ss ke ).- n ao S\ZIE| bel (gigi. (21 (2) 1S) (ellelalziglglslolslslesiale ElSIElsiSlslSle/S/S1Shelg)_ |ElziS|HiS|8/ S| S/SIS/SISISlslelste EISEISISISIS/S/SlS(EIEIS| SlSISIEIS| S/S/S/SSIEISISISISIElels S(S\=/=ls| S/S 18| SSlslSlelslelele|s| Hl SiS SiSlESlSlaiSlEle|S MIESISlal/SlelelSelSlSlSiSlSlSlS/SS/S/SlS/ZIS|/SIElS|SIS (Sle @ubaeet es eee ete S| EELS GIES SRLS STEN 2 DRIP SIL Tif ee EI IER ISIS Se Jamaica__.------ See ae [ES l== Xl ea lea [=o] =- fe a= | a= NST ON ON ON eS lee [ao [Eo pelea tee ee DDS ee [ee Hispaniola___--- EET REE | SRILA RIE I XI ILE SS EE DREADS (RES EIES TS Puerto Rico____|<|X SEPSIS I ES NE IK XIX. mo Sa tai IMs | Sade te Vieques.-------- - aaa elm | lool [ete |ee de fe |e ed aft se au §t. Thomas_---- 7 4 -|X}--|--]--]-- -|--|X]--}--|--|--]- -|--|--]--]--]--]--]--]--]--|-- Si,onns= = baa ce eee ee | ee et ea ented epee Pee des poe Spee eee P a ope hee PROG a see onan [oe foe aes ee tan feal estes | [ea | Se ees lee pM lesteslesleel= a[ea\e 7 St. Croix ==. ee al = Ree ea en Paste H PRIESTS Dw es eS a See RE pee ee . Sts its: te = B|S|T S| SG |X cds [eae ee ea AL SC tee Antigua-_------- eS [Se Salas |e tone yee | aa me OS |e eet le ee |e He a Montserrat __-_- ees |as ES EES OE ene | ee ee aa SIS ES BA ee Guadeloupe----|<|X|--|- e a PEIN XC [Gees NS ee [es |ae |e teate=lea lee See 2 Dominica_------ ty See | ease eeiE = PEK PS RE |e Pea ea RI. Pa ee eta Martinique____- iw oa ee | | a | pee ea Bede 2 Bees ae A) ea eae a ae Stbucias= <= Be Se lee eats ao ON ea eae aan eee ON Sa ee SEE Ee ESTAS RS ae Barbados- ------ |e a(S XN lele=|a=|=—|==|n len [onl Nl Ow =p Be ee) Seale se aetea ee St. Vincent ____- |e |e ee eat < [ete lee Ee ISIS I es (a Se Tne TE Ee Carriacou_-_----_- = Bere | ef ape | fn en ead ete re ees de |e | Te occ DR a de eee Grenada_-_---_- BEN SC || SING ESTE PTS | RS PN S| TR ST SEL KEY TO WEST INDIAN GENERA OF APHODIINAE 1. Pygidium without sharp division into basal and apical parts, apical angles) ofselyira mot ithickened 20 2ee ee ee eh Aphodius Pygidium divided into two parts by a more or less distinct trans- verse carina; basal part furnished with a median longitudinal groove; apical angles of elytra thickened to conform to groove ORE DP Ye ie unr eee: Sat oe ee eng See eT a EN NL ED le 2 2. Middle coxa long and oblique, terminating beneath edge of elytral PTO) Ua ae rs a ee ee nin ger ae eines et dL aha ee Euparixia Middle coxa oval, not touched by elytral epipleurum, prothorax not, stronglyzeconstricted: basallyess.- = Vir ye yl 3 3. First segment of hind tarsus as long or nearly as long as three FONG wits «Comp ineg 202i Ae verti eee wee EONAR MAO FO a A 4 First segment of hind tarsus about as long as two following com- Brea Fe seh ea EE VO OE AUS OE ah en ek Me 5 4. Front of head coarsely granulate; first segment of hind tarsus tri- angular; longer spur of hind tibia broad and as long as first three tarsal segments combined Psammodius 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 89 Front of head at most rugose; first segment of hind tarsus slen- der; longer spur of hind tibia about as long as first tarsal S@omenbt= = a ee eh a se ee Ataenius 5. Elytra margined across base by a carina, which is broken by each stria ; humus-dwelling species, often taken on wing at dusk_._ Pleurophorus Elytra not margined across base; species living in dead wood associated: with Otel INSCCtS=- 2. == aaa nen ee eee Saprosites Genus APHODIUS Illiger, 1798 Aphodius InticER, 1798, Verzeichniss der Kifer Preussens, p. 15.—Curtis, 1824, British entomology, vol. 1, No. 27.—Scumipt, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 43, Aphodiinae, p. 8. Type of genus: Scarabaeus fossor Linnaeus (by subsequent desig- nation of Curtis, 1824). The genus Aphodius was established in 1798 to include 82 species, but without any designation of type species. Curtis, in 1824, selected one of these as type of the genus, choosing the largest of the included species. His action is entirely in accord with the International Rules and must stand. The type designations Scarabaeus oblongus Scopoli by Gozis, 1886, and Scarabaeus erraticus Linnaeus by Paulian, 1935, are both invalid. Almost four-fifths of the roughly 700 species of this genus are from the Old World and about half of all the species are Palaearctic in origin. They feed on the excrements of the higher animals. KEY TO WEST INDIAN SPECIES OF APHODIUS 1. Anterior margin of clypeus with 4 acute teeth, median pair longer than external’: Cubas=22o2 2. essa eee 1. quadridentatus Harold Anterior margin of clypeus without acute teeth_________________________ 2 2. Pronotum with a fine but distinct basal margin, surface rather coarsely and densely punctured; elytral striae deep; form robust; length: 4—5 mm!) 22 se eee 2. sallei Harold Pronotum without basal margin, surface sparsely punctured, shining 2222455 oe ee Fe ee eet ee ele tee oe eeuie 3 3. Pale brown with pronotal disk, elytral suture and disks darker ; pronotal punctures mostly fine with a few coarse ones at sides. 8. lividus Olivier Piceous with sides of pronotum and elytra and legs slightly paler; pronotal punctures coarse but Sparse__-_-_-_ 4, cuniculus Chevrolat 1. APHODIUS QUADRIDENTATUS Harold Aphodius quadridentatus HAroip, 1861, Berlin. Wnt. Zeitschr., vol. 5, p. 107; 1863, loc. cit., vol. 7, p. 331—Scumunpt, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, p. 157. Subconvex, shining, rufopiceous, with sides of pronotum, apices of elytra, and a few small spots on elytra reddish yellow. Head flat, with a low weak swelling at middle, finely punctured, gena angulate and prominent; clypeus anteriorly subtruncate, on each side with the angles produced as small teeth; within these teeth a second pair of WEST INDIAN APHODITNAE—-CHAPIN 5 sharper, larger, and forwardly directed teeth, behind which on the clypeus are the two small approximate tubercles. Pronotum some- what convex, with rounded posterior angles, finely margined at base, rather thickly punctured, the punctures of two sizes mixed. Scutel- lum elongate oval, free of punctures. Elytra a little widened at middle, at base as wide as pronotum, striae strong, intervals elevated and almost keeled, shining, not distinctly punctured, the outer inter- vals beginning with the sixth, grooved; rufopiceous with humeri, lateral margins, apices, and a few small flecks on disk and at base reddish yellow. Antennae, palpi, and legs reddish yellow, first seg- ment of hind tarsus as long as the three following taken together. Length: 234-3 lines (5.5-6 mm.). Type.—Possibly in collection of R. Oberthuer, Rennes. Type locality —Cuba. Material examined.—Apparently no additional specimens of this species have been seen since the original lot. If collected again, the species should be easily recognized by the quadridentate clypeus. 2. APHODIUS SALLEI Harold Aphodius sallei HaAroxp, 1868, Berlin. Ent. Zeitschr., vol. 7, pp. 331, 336.— Bates, 1887, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 84, pl. 6, fig. 10. Aphodius (Bodilus) sallei ScumipT, 1913, Arch. Naturg., vol. 79A, fase. 11, p. 166. Convex, rufocastaneous, the vertex, disk of pronotum, suture and elytral striae, and metasternum piceous. Head of male with strong median tubercle, of female with tubercle obsolete, anterior margin of clypeus reflexed and subangulate on each side of median depres- sion, surface closely and rather finely punctured. Frons with similar punctures adjacent to clypeofrontal suture, vertex polished and with- out punctures. Gena rounded, not more prominent than eye. Pro- notum convex, sides nearly straight, lateral and basal margins finely beaded, anterior angles slightly produced but blunt, surface rather densely punctured with a mixture of fine and coarse punctures. Scutellum elongate-triangular, sparsely and finely punctured. Elytra together widest at apical third, at base slightly narrower than prono- tum, striae coarse, strial punctures large, intervals convex, shining, sparsely and finely punctured. Pygidium with a scalelike ground sculpture, moderately finely and densely punctured, somewhat hairy. Posterior tibia fringed with a row of equal spinules, first segment of posterior tarsus very little shorter than next three segments com- bined, apical spine about as long as first segment. Length: 4-5 mm. Type.—Possibly in collection of R. Oberthuer, Rennes. Type locality.—Mexico. Material ecamined.—In addition to a series of specimens from Texas and Mexico, 172 individuals from Jamaica and Hispaniola have been 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 studied. The species appears to be generally distributed in Jamaica to judge from the collections available. On the other hand, the species is not yet known from the Dominican Republic. All specimens from Hispaniola seen by the author have been taken in Haiti. Dr. R. E. Blackwelder secured series from Morne La Selle, Kenscoff, Trouin, and St. Mare. Three specimens from the Wickham collection are from Port-au-Prince. The distribution of the species suggests that its pres- ence in the West Indian islands is the result of a comparatively recent importation. 3. APHODIUS LIVIDUS (Olivier) Scarabaeus lividus Ovtvirr, 1789, Entomologie . . . , Coléopteres, vol. 1, No. 3, p. 86, pl. 26, fig. 222. Aphodius lividus CrEuTzER, 1799, Entomologische Versuche, p. 44, pl. 1, fig. Ta. Aphodius (Labarrus) lividus MULSANT, 1870, Ann. Soc. Agr. Lyon, ser. 4, vol. 2, . 516. Daksa: (Nialus) lividus ReitrErR, 1892, Verh. Naturf. Ver. Briinn., vol. 30, p. 202.—ScHMinptT, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, p. 316 (see this paper for more extended bibliography, including synonymy). Aphodius luridus Arrow, 1903, Trans. Ent. Soe. London, p. 511 (lapsus calami). Subconvex, pale yellow-brown, with anterior margin of frons, ver- tex, disk of pronotum, disks and suture of the elytra, and articulations of legs dark. Head with a low median tubercle on the clypeofrontal suture, clypeus obtusely angulate on each side of the slightly depressed median area, margin finely beaded, gena not produced laterally beyond eye, surface sparsely set with a mixture of large and small punctures. Pronotum with sides gently rounded and narrowly margined, base without marginal line, anterior angles acute but not prolonged, sur- face with punctation similar to that of head, no ground sculpture visible. Scutellum elongate triangular, with very few punctures. Elytra with striae finely incised, strial punctures fine, intervals flat and extremely finely punctured, the punctures becoming a little coarser on apical declivity. Pygidium rather densely punctured, set with short hairs with a few longer ones intermingled. Hind tibia fringed at apex with equal spinules, first segment of hind tarsus not so long as the next three combined. Length: 3.5-4.5 mm. Type.—Location unknown to writer. Type locality—Environs of Paris, France. Material ecamined.—In addition to many hundred specimens from other parts of the world, 380 West Indian specimens of Aphodius liwidus have been examined by the writer in the course of this study. As the species is already known to have a nearly world-wide distribu- tion, it is sufficient merely to indicate the islands from which specimens have been seen: Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas, St. John, St. Croix, St. Kitts, Antigua, Montserrat, Guade- loupe, Dominica, and Grenada. WEST INDIAN APHODITINAE—-CHAPIN a 4. APHODIUS CUNICULUS Chevrolat Aphodius cuniculus CHEvROLAT, 1864, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, ser. 4, vol. 4, p. 411. Aphodius (Nialus) cuniculus Scumut, 1913, Arch. Naturg., vol. 79A, fase. 11, p. 169. Convex, rufopiceous with anterior and lateral margins of pro- notum, lateral margins and apices of elytra, and legs rufous. Head with three small tubercles on the clypeofrontal suture, the median of which is the largest, clypeus with margin slightly reflexed, obtusely angulate on each side of the median depression, surface finely and rather densely punctured. Frons between eyes punctured as clypeus, vertex polished, without punctures. Gena separated from clypeus by an angular indentation, not more prominent than eye. Pronotum convex, sides gently curved, anterior angles blunt, lateral margins finely beaded, base without marginal line. Surface sparsely but evenly set with a mixture of very fine and very coarse punctures, and without ground sculpture. Scutellum elongate-triangular, without punctures. Elytra with striae rather deep. The strial punctures conspicuous, intervals moderately convex and sparsely set with ex- tremely fine punctures, which become coarser on elytral declivity. Pygidium finely and densely sculptured, sparsely hairy. Hind tibia fringed at apex with row of equal spinules, first segment of hind tarsus shorter than the next three combined. Length: 3-4 mm. (5 mm. according to Chevrolat). Type.—tLocation unknown to writer. Type locality —Cuba. Material examined.—In all, 1,945 specimens, plus many broken ones discarded during the progress of the investigation, have been studied. This total comprises material from: Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas, St. John, St. Croix, St. Kitts, Antigua, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia, Barbados, St. Vincent, Carriacou, Grenada, and Tobago. Genus PLEUROPHORUS Mulsant, 1842 Pleurophorus MULSANT, 1842, Histoire naturelle des Coléoptéres de France, Lamellicornes, p. 312.—ScumipT, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, pp. 469, 488. Type of genus: Scarabaeus caesus Creutzer (by monotypy). This genus of few species, one of which is becoming world-wide in its distribution, is represented in the West Indies by a single small form. As in Saprosites, the first segment of the hind tarsus is short and stout, but it is distinguished from that genus by the broad middle and hind femora as well as by the characters noted in the key. Many specimens of the closely related P. batesi (Arrow) have been taken from humus by means of Berlese funnel traps, and it is probable that most of the species of Plewrophorus are humus-living organisms. 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 PLEUROPHORUS PARVULUS (Chevrolat) Psammodius parvulus CHEvROLAT, 1864, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, ser. 4, vol. 4, p. 415. Psammobius parvulus Arrow, 1903, Trans. Ent. Soe. London, p. 514. Diastictus parvulus ScHMiInT, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, p. 488. Dark castaneous, head and all but extreme margins of pronotum piceous. Head strongly convex, gena slightly more prominent than eye and separated from clypeus by a feeble notch, clypeus with a shallow emargination at middle, edge on each side of the emargina- tion reflexed, surface coarsely asperate, the asperities occasionally joining to form transverse ridges, vertex shining, with scattered small punctures. Pronotum with a shallow median groove on posterior half and with a similar transverse groove along anterior margin near each anterior angle. Lateral and basal marginal grooves deep and well defined. Surface shining, sparsely set with a mixture of very coarse and very fine punctures. Scutellum small, elongate, oval, minutely sculptured. Elytra with striae strong and deep, strial punctures not large, intervals convex, sparsely and minutely punctu- late. Front femur with posterior face shining and with groove present only along anterior margin. Posterior tarsus shorter than tibia, first segment as long as the next two combined, upper spur very little longer than first segment. Length: 2-2.5 mm. Type.—Location not known to writer. Type locality—Cuba. Material examined.—In all, 41 specimens of this species have been studied. These come from the islands of Cuba, Jamaica, St. Croix, and Dominica. Most of the specimens seen had been collected at dusk while flying. This bears out the observations recorded by Mr. Arrow in his paper on the St. Vincent and Grenada species. It is probably a humus feeder, as is its close relative on the mainland, Pleurophorus batest Arrow. Records of this species from the mainland of both Central and North America probably refer to P. batest Arrow and not to P. parvulus Chevrolat. The writer has examined more than a hundred North American specimens, all of which agree with the Mexican rather than the West Indian species. After a study of the type species of the genera Plewrophorus and Diastictus, it appears that both P. parvulus and P. batest must be associated with Plewrophorus caesus (Creutzer) rather than with Diastictus vulneratus (Sturm) if these genera are maintained as distinct. Since the two are separated only by the difference in the relative length of the posterior tibial spur and relative length of posterior tarsus to tibia, characters of no fundamental importance, it would be best to merge the two under one name, WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—-CHAPIN 9 Genus PSAMMODIUS Fallén, 1807 Psammodius FatL&N, 1807, Observationes entomologicae, fasc. 3, p. 37.— GYLLENHAL, 1808, Insecta Suecica ... , Coleoptera, vol. 1, pt. 1, p. 6—CurmTIs, 1829, British entomology, vol. 6, No. 258.—Herr, 1841, Fauna coleopterorum Helvetica, vol. 1, fase. 3, p. 582. Psammobius Herr, 1841, Fauna coleopterorum Helvetica, vol. 1, fase. 3, p. 531. Type of genus: Aphodius sulcicollis Iliger (by subsequent desig- nation of Curtis, 1829). This genus, usually credited to Gyllenhal, 1808, was originally proposed by Fallén in the previous year. The originally included species were seven in number as follows: Scarabaeus arenarius Paykull, Aphodius globosus Illiger, A. elevatus Fallén, A. sabuletz Fallén, A. porcatus Fallén, A. asper Fallén, and A. sulcicollis Illiger. Curtis, 1829, choosing to preserve the name Psammodius free of con- flict with Aegialia Latreille, 1807, selected the last species, A. sulcicollis Iliger, as type. ‘This action is strictly in accord with the International Rules and must be accepted. There was therefore no eause for Heer, 1841, to shift the type from A. sulcicollis Illiger to A, sabuleti Fallén, thereby killing the name as a subjective synonym of Aegialia, and to propose a new name, Psammobius, to include A. sulcicollis Mlliger. The genus is included in the West Indian fauna by virtue of a single specimen from Puerto Rico. It is possible that this represents a recent importation from North America. PSAMMODIUS BIDENS Horn Psammodius bidens Horn, 1871, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 3, p. 293; 1887, loc. cit., vol. 14, p. 92. Psammobius cruentus SouMipt, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, p. 478 (incorrect synonymy). Dark castaneous above, head and pronotum slightly paler, under- parts bright rufous. Anterior margin of head with a sharp triangular tooth each side of the median shallow emargination, sides of head gradually and evenly rounded to the genal lobes. Front coarsely and rather densely verrucose, vertex polished and very finely and very sparsely punctate. Pronotum strongly convex, with fine, short mar- ginal setae, marginal groove fine, replaced across base by a series of coarse punctures. Surface shining, ornamented with punctures of two distinct sizes: The entire surface evenly, sparsely, and very finely punc- tured, and in addition the disk is sparsely set with rather coarse punctures. No trace of basal transverse impression, but each anterior angle with a short, deep, strongly punctured groove. Elytral striae deep, strial punctures coarse and well defined, intervals slightly con- vex, very finely and irregularly punctured. Lateral margin blunt, 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you. 89 epipleura dull. Pygidial carina feeble, median cusp strong. Lateral areas of metasternum finely sculptured, median area and that portion of lateral area adjacent to posterior coxa shining, very finely and sparsely punctured, median groove deep and fine, not abruptly termi- nated either anteriorly or posteriorly. Abdominal sternites feebly verrucose laterally, median areas smooth, basal transverse rows of pits fine but sharply defined. Anterior femur with ill-defined groove along anterior margin, surface shining, sparsely punctured near pos- terior margin. Posterior femur strongly inflated, without marginal groove, surface shining, sparsely and minutely punctured, with three or four coarse punctures near the insertion of tibia. Middle and posterior tibiae each with one well-defined transverse ridge and with traces of two others above. Longer apical spur of posterior tibia broad, twisted, and as long as the first three tarsal segments combined. Length: 3-4 mm. Type.—tIn the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. Type locality—Southern United States, probably Georgia. Material examined—Many specimens from Southeastern United States and one specimen taken on beach at Humacao, Puerto Rico, October 8, 1935, Blackwelder station 56. The writer does not accept the synonymy of Horn’s species with P. cruentus (Harold) of the Argentine. It is evident from Schmidt’s 1922 paper that he had not seen a specimen of the true P. didens (Horn). The transverse ridges on the middle and hind tibiae are well marked, and the species runs in Schmidt’s key to P. ambiguus Fall and Cockerell, from which it is easily distinguished. Genus SAPROSITES Redtenbacher, 1858 Saprosites REDTENBACHER, 1858, Fauna Austriaca, ed. 2, p. 436.—BATEs, 1887. Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 92.—REIrTER, 1892, Verh. Naturf. Ver., Briinn., vol. 30, pp. 157, 169.—ScuHmipr, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, pp. 389, 398. Type of genus: Saprosites peregrinus Redtenbacher, 1858 (by monotypy). In habitus the species of this genus closely resemble certain Ataenius, such as A. gracilis (Melsheimer). They are easily dis- tinguished by the shorter and stouter tarsi and by the short but clearly defined transverse ridges on the middle and hind tibiae. Most of the species are found in the warmer parts of the world but a few occur in the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions. In the Western Hemisphere, a species, S. ventralis (Horn), has long been listed in the genus Plewrophorus but is a true and quite typical Saprosites. One collection of this species was made by H. S. Barber at Marl- boro, Md., in the galleries of Popilius disjunctus (Illiger), where it WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—-CHAPIN 11 may have been feeding on the frass pellets. In other cases, species have been recorded as collected under bark. As yet but two species of this genus have been found in the West Indies. These may be separated as follows: 1. Abdominal sternites very thickly and finely punctured; anterior tibia with denticle between upper two of the three major teeth; lenethy4emam ses ee eee eee a 1. grenadensis Arrow Abdominal sternites moderately thickly and coarsely punctured ; anterior tibia without denticle between upper two of the major eethivlenethivs MM2 =. eee ee 2. blackwelderi, new species 1. SAPROSITES GRENADENSIS Arrow Saprosites grenadensis Arrow, 1903, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 514.—ScHMInT, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, p. 412. Related to S. parallelus Harold but smaller and with finer puncta- tion. Rufopiceous, with head and pronotum more definitely red. Pronotum simply but irregularly punctate, elytra deeply striate, the strial punctures not very distinct. Metasternum broadly canalic- ulate, abdominal segments densely and finely punctured. Anterior tibia with three major teeth, with a minute tooth between the upper two of the three. Length: 4 mm. Type.—tn the British Museum. Type locality —Grenada, Grand Etang (1,900 feet). Material examined.—The writer has not seen any specimens of this species. The description has been taken from the original publication. 2. SAPROSITES BLACKWELDERI, new species Moderately convex-cylindrical, pronotum slightly wider than elytra at base; castaneous with margins of pronotum and elytra darker. Head convex, clypeus with broad, shallow emargination at middle, surface near the strongly beaded edge asperate, remaining surface moderately densely but not very finely punctured, genal lobe small but more prominent than eye. Pronotum slightly wider than long, nearly quadrate, surface sculpture similar to that of head, lateral margins finely beaded, base not margined, anterior angles nearly right, poste- rior angles very broadly rounded. Scutellum elongate, small, without punctures. Elytra deeply striate, strial punctures moderately coarse, intervals finely and rather densely punctured, humeral angles strongly denticulate. Pygidium with broad, deep, and sharply defined median groove on basal half, which is minutely punctulate, apical half shin- ing and rather coarsely punctured, transverse carina feebly indicated. Abdomen with sternites fused but with transverse sutures plainly in- dicated, coarsely and moderately densely punctured. Front femur with marginal groove at anterior margin of posterior face only, tibia 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM You. 89 with three large teeth, the upper two of which are close together without an intercalated denticle, middle and hind tibiae each with a trace of an oblique ridge, tarsi short and stout, claws very small. Length: 3 mm. Type and paratypes —U.S.N.M. No. 53319. Type locality —Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. Material eramined.—Three specimens taken at the type locality on January 6, 1937 (Blackwelder station 358); one specimen from Afiasco, Puerto Rico, October 25, 1935, by R. G. Oakley (San Juan No. 6369). All specimens were taken in rotting wood. Genus ATAENIUS Harold, 1867 Ataeniuz Hanob, 1867, Coleopterologische Hefte, vol. 1, p. 82; vol. 2, p. 100.— Scumapr, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, p. 413. Type of genus: Ataenius scutellaris Harold, 1867 (by monotypy). While this genus is usually cited as from page 100 of the second part of the Coleopterologische Hefte, it was actually established on page 82 of the first part. Fortunately there appears no conflict in usage in the two places. An earlier name, Auperia Duval, is not available as it is an intended emendation of Euparia Lepeletier and Serville and therefore takes the same type as that genus. The species of Ataenivs are mostly inhabitants of the Tropics or the Southern Hemisphere. A few are found in North America and a very few enter the Palaearctic region. The habits of the various species are somewhat diverse, some being attracted to the excrements of higher animals and some living beneath vegetable debris. KEY TO WEST INDIAN SPECIES OF ATAENIUS 1 Pygidium without acute transverse carina, apical portion convex and polished ; ciypeal margin in fresh specimens obtusely den- ticulate each side of median emargination ; integuments strongly shining; femora, metasternum, and abdominal sternites impunctate______ tS 1 haroldi- Steinheil Transverse carina acutely raised, joined at ends to marginal carina ; apical portion (enclosed by these carinae) concave and SER NOEED AG SUNGTE CONUS a ee A ee ee ee 2 2 Clypeal margin distinctly denticulate each side of median emar- gination; Sutesumonts dull!) = 08 Se eer Se 3 Clypeal margin broadly rounded each side of median emargina- cg an Bn nn 8a re Bs ne 8 2 8 3. Posterior femur with a deep groove extending along entire pos- MOURN, SVR EN ee 2 el 4 Posterior femur without grove or with feeble groove near inser- dion eb tists 22 a OE ee se Be eee 5 4 Punctures on frons nearly uniform in size; punctures on pronotum moderately coarse, neither crowded nor confluent_______2. steinheili Harold WEST INDIAN APHODITNAE—CHAPIN 13 Punctures on frons coarse near eyes, becoming exceedingly fine toward anterior margin; punctures on pronotum very coarse, erowded and subconfiuent at base__-__-__--------_ 3. beattyi, new species 5. Front of head except adjacent to clypeal margin rather closely set with coarse, elongate punctures; extreme marginal area trans- versely rugulose; discal elytral intervals nearly flat, each with 2 SeRICS GE ne Nes is es een pathos 4. abditoides, new species Front of head near eyes sparsely to densely set with round punc- tures, lower (anterior) portion irregularly and rather coarsely 6. Elytral intervals on disk carinate, each carina broken into a series of shining points; pronotum with a very shallow longi- tudinal groove reaching from point just before the scutellum to about half length of pronotum__-_-----_--___--____ 5. vincentiae Arrow Elytral intervals on disk flat or convex, not carinate; pronotum without trace of median longitudinal groove_____-______--__-____________ 7 7. Pronotum swollen posterolaterally so as to overhang the postero- lateral margin; discal punctures very coarse, mostly separated by less than their diameters; punctures on intervals of elytra verre = Seo ps se ee ee eB et 6. corrosus, new species Pronotum normal, not overhanging margin at any point; discal punctures coarse, mostly separated by more than their diame- ters; punctures on intervals of elytra fine__________ 7. abditus (Haldeman) 8. Pronotum unusually short, hardly more than one-third as long as elytra; anterior femur thin, oblong, with fine marginal groove; posterior femur slender_____-____-_____________27. brevinotus, new species Pronotum normal, almost half as long as elytra; femora normal ERDF era wa ee ee ep Tage A a} Tepes, herein ht are bo RA 9 9. Anterior femur beneath without marginal groove___26. terminalis (Chevrolat) Anterior femur_beneath grooved at least along anterior margin__________ 10 10. Posterior femur with groove along posterior margin, which may reach the entire length of femur or which may be present only indte apical portions: th 4 Pete yen es Sus Pat i 11 Posterior femur without groove along posterior margin-________-_-__-____ | 19 11. Upper surface opaque, elytral punctures set with minute sete; nasrerien femur with! entire: grog vers Coss os ek oe ees 12 Upper surface shining, elytral punctures mastly without setae: posterior femur with groove usually abbreviated___.-______-__»_ 14 12. Setae on elytra suberect, conspicuous; pronotal punctures very coarse, tending to coalesce at sides_.__._______ 8. imbricatus (Melsheimer) Setae on elytra closely appressed, not visible except with high magnification; pronotal punctures less coarse, diserete.___..___________ 13 18. Elytral intervals subearinate, scutellum broader at base than long, punctures on intervals near scutellum moderately coarse. 9. miamii Cartwright Elytral intervals flat, scutellum longer than width at base, punc- tures on intervals near scutellum exceedingly fine____10. tenebrosus Arrow 14. Posterior femoral groove reaching nearly to insertion of femur: outer elytral interval (adjacent to lateral margin) opaque__20. frater Arrow Posterior femoral groove abbreviated, only on apical half of femur; outer elytral interval not noticeably different from Mire tees ene fee oe elon eseigh 15 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you. 89 15. Metasternum near middle trochanters with a cluster of very coarse punctures, which are not a continuation of lateral sculp- Gureie Se tad ee ee ok i ee Be nee 19. strigicauda Bates Metasternum evenly and sparsely punctured on median area, without such a cluster of very coarse punctures_____-____________-_--- 16 16. Form slender; pronotum with a shallow median longitudinal groove on basal half; median portion of metasternum mod- erately coarsely punctured 212) 22 -=~ as-is 12. gracilis (Melsheimer) Form robust; pronotum without median groove; median portion orumetasternumiuyery.inely. punCtULed Sn eee 17 17. Metasternum except for median portion and a narrow area adja- cent to posterior coxae finely to coarsely sculptured ; anterior femur beneath coarsely and sparsely punctured___-16. cribrithorax Bates Metasternum finely and densely sculptured near extreme lateral margin only; anterior femur with a few coarse punctures near posterior apicalomarcin== === ee 18 18. Size large, length more than 4.5 mm; ninth elytral interval (sutural=first) densely punctulate, tenth interval impunctate. 18. darlingtoni Hinton Size small, length less than 4.5 mm; ninth interval not noticeably more densely punctate than tenth_---__--_-______--______ 17. liogaster Bates 19. Pronotal punctures in any area more or less uniform in size; that is, at no place is there a mixture of coarse and very fine PUN CEULES eee eee ee ee 20 Pronotum with coarse punctures densely or sparsely placed, always with an admixture of very fine punctures scattered betweenlcoarsesoness sale Be ee eee 22 20. Elytra bicolored, sutural to fifth and seventh intervals piceous on disk, sixth and eighth to tenth intervals and apex broadly luteous; pronotal punctures coarse_-~------~- 21. jamaicensis, new species Hlytra uniformepiceous stoablack=== =" Stee eee 21 21. Luster subopaque, elytral intervals moderately coarsely punc- tured, pronotal punctures coarse, length up to 4 mm. 11. subopacus, new species Luster shining, elytral intervals very finely punctured, pronotum strongly transverse, finely and densely punctured, length 5 mm OT MOT@ 2222 be bs ene Seer aii Fe ai sia Se 13. elongatus (Palisot) 22. Metasternum with small patch of setigerous punctures________________~_ a Metasternum; without; setaetos set | Bee ne eee soe ee ee 24 23. Setae confined to anterior half of median area of metasternum ; pronotum not strongly convex from side to side, its marginal Setae unvSualiy long: 28ss4 25 eae 25. suleatulus (Chevrolat) (6) Setae confined to posterior half of median area of metasternum ; pronotum normally convex, its marginal setae not unusually OTN he Mensa ink Ree ide Ue ee eee ee 14, edwardsi, new species 24. Lateral intervals and apices of elytra conspicuously setose_______________- 25 Lateral intervals and apices of elytra with at most a few minute setae, visible only with high magnification-_-___________-_____-_________ 26 25. Middle femur with deep and entire marginal groove; middle and posterior femora coarsely punctured in apical half____~ 22, aciculus Hinton Middle femur without marginal groove; middle and posterior femora finely and sparsely punctured__------------ 23. versicolor Schmidt WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN 15 26. Posterior femur without fringe of long setae along basal half of inner anterior margin; sides of pronotum coarsely and densely punctured, punctures separated by less than their own GIAMCTCTS 24 Siew AS 8 ee en 15. insulicola, new species Posterior femur with such a fringe; sides of pronotum sparsely punctured, punctures separated usually by more than twice HEM CIAMeELOrSe: 281 eae a ee ek eT ea eee 27 27. Elytra usually (always?) bicolored, apices and outer intervals pale; vertex densely punctured____------__-- 24. luteomargo, new species Elytra uniform piceous; vertex sparsely punctured. 25. sulcatulus (Chevrolat) (@ ) 1. ATAENIUS HAROLDI Steinheil Ataenius haroldi SternuetL, 1872, Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat., vol. 15, p. 556. Ataenius figurator HaroLp, 1874, Coleopterologische Hefte, vol. 12, p. 24.—BarTEs, 1887, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 99.—Horn, 1887, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soec., vol. 14, p. 79.—ScH™Muip?, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, p. 435. Piceous, strongly shining, sides of pronotum, underparts of thorax, and legs bright castaneous, trophi and antennae pale. Anterior margin of head with a small denticle (in fresh specimens) each side of the slight median emargination. Front sparsely and finely punc- tured, its anterior two-thirds rather coarsely and transversely rugu- lose, vertex more coarsely and densely punctured. Pronotum apparently devoid of marginal setae, margin evenly curved from middle point of base to broadly rounded anterior angles, marginal groove fine and complete. Surface highly polished, set with punc- tures of two sizes—very fine ones, which are evenly but not densely distributed, and a few very coarse ones, which are more abundant laterally. Elytral striae rather fine but deep, strial punctures well marked, intervals smooth and flat, not subcarinate at apex, each sparsely set with very minute punctures. Lateral margin low and blunt, epipleura shining. Pygidium with the usual separation into a basal, longitudinally grooved portion and an apical portion but with the dividing line not carinate, apical portion convex and shin- ing, minutely punctulate. Mesosternum and sides of metasternum shagreened, median portion of latter, abdominal sternites and legs virtually impunctate. Basal transverse row of pits on each sternite fine but distinct. Anterior femur with trace of marginal groove only on anterior margin near insertion of tibia, posterior femur without marginal groove, posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 34 mm. Type.—Location unknown to writer. Type locality—San Luis, Argentina (haroldi); Louisiana, U. S. A. (figurator). 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 89 Material examined.—Kighteen specimens of West Indian origin as well as many from Louisiana and other parts of North America and series from Mexico and Argentina. Of the 18, four are from Cuba, seven from Hispaniola (La Moriniere, Haiti), and seven from Puerto Rico. There seems little doubt that this species is identical with 4A. haroldi Steinheil, 1872, notwithstanding the fact that Schmidt (1922) maintains the two as distinct. In the original description, Harold states that figurator can be separated from haroldi only by the absence of clypeal teeth. Certainly clypeal denticles are present in fresh specimens of figuwrator from the type locality. This fact was pointed out by Horn and Bates and is substantiated by the present investigations. The species is immediately recognized by the convex and polished apical half of the pygidium. 2. ATAENIUS STEINHEILI Harold Ataenius steinheili HaroLp, 1874, Coleopterologische Hefte, vol. 12, p. 18. Piceous-black when clean but usually covered with an incrustation so as to appear gray, legs and trophi castaneous. Anterior margin of head rather strongly denticulate each side of shallow median emargi- nation. Front rather coarsely and closely set with round punctures except for the marginal area, which is polished, vertex more coarsely punctured. Pronotum with marginal setae short, marginal groove complete but not conspicuous. Surface evenly and rather densely set with punctures which are less coarse and are crowded as the median area is approached. Hind angles obliterated by shallow emargination. Elytra with broad and deep striae, strial punctures conspicuous, in- tervals subacutely carinate except outer one where carina is replaced by a few polished points, each carina with an irregular double row of rather fine punctures and bordered each side by fine grooves. Lateral margin acute, epipleura opaque. Pygidial carina with feeble median cusp. Mesosternum rough, as are the sides of the metasternum. Me- dian area of latter shining, strongly punctured, median groove con- spicuous but not abruptly terminated. Abdominal sternites strongly and rather coarsely punctured, transverse basal row of pits on each sternite well defined, these pits especially deep and elongate on last two sternites. Anterior femur beneath with deep perimarginal groove, the surface densely and coarsely punctured. Posterior femur slender, shining, with groove on posterior margin, surface more finely and sparsely punctured; posterior tibia with accessory spine. Length: 44.5 mm. Type.—Possibly in collection of R. Oberthuer. Type locality —New Granada (Colombia) between Baranquilla and Mompox, on the Magdalena River. WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN LZ Material ecamined.—Thirty specimens from Grenada, taken Jan- uary 10, 1936, in cow dung 2 miles west of Grand Anse on the penin- sula of Point Saline (Blackwelder station 181). I have also studied a single specimen from Port of Spain, Trinidad, November 24, 1935 (Blackwelder station 94) and one from Genera] Ballivian, Prov. Salta, Argentina, collected by Dr. G. L. Harrington. 3. ATAENIUS BEATTYI, new species Sooty black, anterior margins of head and pronotum and legs cas- taneous, antennae and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head denticu- late each side of the broad and shallow median emargination. Front rather coarsely punctured near eyes, the punctures becoming very fine toward the median anterior area, marginal area polished and free of punctures, vertex very coarsely and confluently punctured. Pronotum with marginal setae short and stout, marginal groove complete but evanescent at anterior angles. Surface coarsely, cribrately, and sub- confluently punctured, the punctures slightly smaller toward the an- terior margin. Hind angles shallowly emarginate. Elytra with broad and deep striae, strial punctures coarse and conspicuous, intervals sub- acutely carinate except outer one, which is very deeply set, plane, and strongly alutaceous, each carina with an irregular double row of fine punctures but not bordered by distinct grooves. Lateral margin acute, epipleura opaque. Pygidial carina with a strong median cusp, which is sometimes continued across the face of the pygidium as a fine carina. Sides of metasternum very rough, median area somewhat shining, coarsely and densely punctured, median groove deep, abruptly ter- minated behind. Abdominal sternites very coarsely and rugosely punc- tured, transverse basal rows of pits on each sternite well defined, these pits especially deep and elongate on last two sternites. Anterior femur with perimarginal groove, the surface coarsely and rugosely sculptured. Posterior femur somewhat shining, with posterior marginal groove complete, surface more finely but rather densely punctured; posterior tibia with accessory spine. Length: 3.5-4 mm. Type and paratypes—U.S.N.M. No. 53320. Type locality—St. Croix, Virgin Islands. Material ewamined.—Six specimens from St. Croix, five of which were taken in dung November 29, 1936, by H. A. Beatty and R. E. Blackwelder (Blackwelder station 339) ; 38 specimens from Constant Spring, Jamaica, April 1931; one from St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, October 21, 1935 (Blackwelder station 68), and one from Barbados, March 12, 1936 (Blackwelder station 195). 203107402 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you. 89 4. ATAENIUS ABDITOIDES, new species ? Ataenius exoratus FLEUTIAUX and SALLE, 1889, Ann. Soe. Ent. France, ser. 6, vol. 9, p. 397. ? Ataenius polyglyptus var. jalapensis Arrow, 1903, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 513 (not Bates). Piceous-black, apices of tibiae, tarsi, and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head moderately strongly denticulate each side of shallow median emargination. Front rather densely set with elongate oblong punctures except for the median area adjacent to the emargination where the surface is coarsely granulate; vertex densely set with coarse round punctures. Pronotum broadly and evenly rounded from, cen- ter point on base to point above eye, marginal setae inconspicuous, mar- ginal groove entire but fine. Surface densely, evenly, and coarsely punctured. Elytral striae not coarse, strial punctures well defined, intervals flat on disk becoming subacutely carinate near apex, each with a single row of moderately coarse punctures, surface strongly alutaceous. Lateral margin subacutely cariniform, epipleura opaque. Pygidial carina with a well-defined median cusp. Mesosternum and lateral portions of metasternum shagreened, median area of latter strongly shining, coarsely and rather densely punctured. Median groove deep, abruptly terminated behind. Abdominal sternites with punctures similar to those on the median area of metasternum. Trans- verse basal rows of pits poorly defined. Anterior femur with peri- marginal groove, the surface roughly sculptured but without clearly defined punctures. Posterior femur with short marginal line near insertion of tibia, surface shining, sparsely set with well-defined punc- tures; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 4 mm. Type and paratypes —U.S.N.M. No. 53821. Type locality —St. Lucia, British West Indies. Material examined.—Six specimens from St. Lucia, three of which were taken under trash on bank of Milette River near junction with Roseau River, April 3, 1936 (Blackwelder station 211) and three from nearby on the Roseau River, April 19386 (Blackwelder station 209). One specimen from St. Vincent, 6 miles north of Kingstown, Feb- ruary 15, 1936 (Blackwelder station 176), and two from Tacarigua, Trinidad, December 22, 19385 (Blackwelder station 107). The identity of A. exoratus Fleutiaux and Sallé with this species is far from certain. The short description of eworatus is not. suf- ficient to separate abditoides from subopacus, described later in this paper. It is probable that one or the other should be called exoratus. It may also be the species recorded from Grenada and St. Vincent by Arrow (1903) as A. polyglyptus var. jalapensis Bates. ‘The writer has been able to examine a specimen of this last from the British Museum and finds it to be the same as A. abditus Haldeman. The sculpture of the heads of these two species is quite different. WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN 19 5. ATAENIUS VINCENTIAE Arrow Ataenius vincentiae Arrow, 1903, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 513.—SoHMunt, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, p. 450. Piceous-black, not shining, legs castaneous, antennae and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head denticulate each side of very shallow median emargination. Front near eyes densely and finely punctured, more than anterior half coarsely and irregularly rugose, vertex mod- erately coarsely and densely punctured. Pronotum with marginal setae very inconspicuous, marginal grooves complete but ill defined. Surface very densely and evenly punctured, the punctures slightly more coarse than those on vertex. Elytral striae rather fine but clearly defined, strial punctures evident but not conspicuous, intervals flat but each with the median line acutely carinate, each carina broken into a series of oblong points and with each break furnished with a minute seta. Surface otherwise coarsely alutaceous. Lateral margin acute, epipleura dull. Pygidial carina with a strong median cusp. Mesosternum and lateral areas of metasternum shagreened, median area of latter shining, coarsely and not densely punctured, median groove terminated abruptly anteriorly. Abdominal sternites moder- ately coarsely and rather densely punctured, basal transverse rows of pits poorly defined except on terminal sternite. Anterior femur with deep marginal groove on anterior margin, surface coarsely and ru- gosely punctured. Posterior femur with trace of marginal groove near insertion of tibia, surface shining, sparsely and not coarsely punctured ; posterior tibia without apical spine. Length: 3.3-3.5 mm. Type.—tIn the British Museum. Type locality —St. Vincent, British West Indies. Material examined.—A specimen from the type series by courtesy of G. J. Arrow. Also two specimens from St. Vincent, February 10, 1936, R. E. Blackwelder (station 170), one specimen from 25 km. (by road) south of Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic, June 1938, P. J. Darlington, one specimen from Coamo Springs, Puerto Rico, Dec. 27, 1914, and two specimens from Coamo, Puerto Rico, March 24, 1929, S. T. Danforth. There is also a specimen from La Ceiba, El Salva- dor, Vera Wellborn, in the National Collection. 6. ATAENIUS CORROSUS, new species Piceous, feebly shining, anterior margins of head and pronotum and legs castaneous, antennae and trophi pale. Anterior margin of head denticulate each side of shallow median emargination. Front and vertex densely and moderately coarsely punctured, the punctures be- coming finer anteriorly, region adjacent to anterior margin coarsely and irregularly rugulose and free of punctures. Pronotum with mar- ginal setae inconspicuous and with marginal groove very broad and 20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 deep. Side portions of pronotum strongly swollen, from anterior angles to points directly above the origins of the third elytral striae, so that, as seen from above, the posterolateral margin is concealed. Surface moderately densely and very coarsely punctured; in general, each puncture is separated from its nearest neighbor by less than its diameter. Elytral striae coarse and deep, strial punctures coarse and slightly off center, so that they encroach on the inner margin of each interval. Intervals subconvex, alutaceous, each with a single row of moderately coarse punctures along its outer margin. Lateral margin subacute, epipleura subopaque and coarsely punctured. Pygidial carina with a moderately strong median cusp. Metasternum laterally opaque, finely and densely sculptured, median area shining, coarsely and sparsely punctured, median groove deep, abruptly terminated both anteriorly and posteriorly. Abdominal sternites coarsely and sparsely punctured, basal transverse rows of pits sharply defined. An- terior femur with perimarginal groove, surface coarsely and densely punctured. Posterior femur with trace of marginal groove near in- sertion of tibia, surface shining, moderately coarsely and sparsely punctured; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 3.5 mm. Type and paratype-—Museum of Comparative Zoology No. 23555. Paratype: U.S.N.M. No. 53322. Type locality —Aguadores, Prov. Oriente, Cuba. Material examined—Type and two paratypes from the above lo- cality, June 6, 1936, Dr. P. J. Darlington, Jr. 7. ATAENIUS ABDITUS (Haldeman) Aphodius (Oryomus) abditus HALDEMAN, 1848, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel- phia, ser. 2, vol. 1, p. 106. Ataenius abditus GEMMINGER and Harotp, 1869, Catalogus coleopterorum .. ., vol. 4, p. 1066.—ScumipT, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, p. 449. Piceous to black, anterior margin of head and pronotum and legs castaneous, antennae and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head finely denticulate each side of shallow median emargination, lateral margin nearly straight from denticles to genae. Front and vertex moderately coarsely and rather densely punctured, the punctures be- coming finer anteriorly, extreme anterior margin feebly rugose and free from punctures. Pronotum with marginal setae short and incon- spicuous, marginal groove moderately fine across base, broader lat- erally. Surface shining, coarsely and rather densely punctured, the punctures rather sparse on disk and slightly finer anteriorly. Elytral striae moderately fine and deep, strial punctures rather coarse and off center, encroaching on the inner margin of each interval. Inter- vals nearly flat, finely alutaceous, each with a single row of fine punctures along its outer margin. Lateral margin acute, epipleura WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN 21 subopaque and irregularly sculptured. Pygidial carina with a mod- erately strong median cusp. Metasternum opaque and finely sculp- tured laterally, median area shining, coarsely and rather sparsely punctured, median groove deep, abruptly terminated anteriorly and posteriorly. Abdominal sternites coarsely and sparsely punctured, basal transverse rows of pits clearly defined. Anterior femur with strong anterior marginal groove, surface rather coarsely and densely punctured. Posterior femur with short marginal groove near inser- tion of tibia, surface shining, rather finely and sparsely punctured; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 3.5 mm. Type.—FProbably at Museum of Comparative Zoology. Type locality —‘“Middle States,” presumably near Pennsylvania. Material examined.—In addition to several hundred specimens from the mainland of North America, a series of 20 specimens from Ennery, Haiti, near 1,000 feet, September 5-11, 1934, P. J. Darlington, and a single specimen from Camp Perrin, Haiti, near 1,000 feet, October 8-27, 1934, Darlington, have been studied. There is some variation in this species as regards the punctation of the front in the North American series, the punctures apparently becoming progressively finer the farther west the specimen is collected. The Haiti series agrees closely with the northeastern representatives. 8. ATAENIUS IMBRICATUS (Melsheimer) Aphodius imbricatus MELSHEIMER, 1844, Proc, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, new ser., vol. 2, p. 186. Ataenius imbricatus GEMMINGER and Harorp, 1869, Catalogus coleopterorum, vol. 4, p. 1066.—Horn, 1871, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe., vol. 4, p. 285; 1887, loc. cit., vol. 14, p. 74.—Scu™Minpt, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, p. 443. Ataenius sordidus Haron, 1869, Coleopterologische Hefte, vol. 5, p. 103. Piceous-black but almost always covered with a gray incrustation, legs, antennae, and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head broadly rounded each side of median emargination, front coarsely reticulate- punctate but becoming simply punctate and finally smooth toward margin, the punctures tending to form longitudinal rows laterally, vertex even more coarsely reticulate than upper part of front, each reticulation on front giving rise to a short stout seta. Pronotum with marginal setae, marginal groove present at sides but absent across middle portion of base. Surface coarsely and closely punctured, ex- cept along median line near base where punctures are more sparse, each puncture bearing a short seta. Elytral striae deep but poorly defined, strial punctures not evident, intervals evenly convex, not carinate, each with a few irregularly placed short setae. Lateral margin subacutely carinate, epipleura opaque. Pygidial carina with a strong median cusp. Mesosternum, side portions of metasternum 22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM voL. 89 and of abdominal sternites roughly sculptured, median portions of metasternum and abdominal sternites somewhat shining, shallowly rugose-punctate. Median groove of metasternum poorly defined. Anterior femur with a poorly defined groove on anterior margin, surface roughly sculptured. Posterior femur with a broad, poorly defined groove along almost the entire length of the posterior margin; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 3.5-4 mm. Type.—Possibly at Museum of Comparative Zoology. Type locality Pennsylvania, U. 8. A. (¢mbricatus) ; Texas to Ega (sordidus). Material examined.—In addition to about 50 specimens from Penn- sylvania and other parts of North America, the writer has studied a series of 142 specimens from Baragua, Camaguey, Cuba, mostly taken in June by L. D. Christenson; three specimens from Cayamas, Santa Clara, Cuba, May and June, E. A. Schwarz; and two specimens from Santa Clara Prov., Cuba, June 16, 1932, F. de Zayas (collection of O. L. Cartwright). Further, a series of seven specimens from Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic, July 20, 1937, W. J. Clench, and two from Bahamas (Nassau and Arthurs Town), these latter in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, and two specimens from Andros Island, May-June 1917, W. M. Mann, in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History. 9. ATAENIUS MIAMII Cartwright Ataenius miamii CARTWRIGHT, 1934, Can. Ent., vol. 66, p. 200. Piceous, opaque, anterior margin of head shining castaneous, legs castaneous, anterior tarsi, antennae, and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head broadly rounded each side of the broad median emargination, narrowly impunctate, front moderately coarsely punctured at sides, the punctures tending to coalesce in short longi- tudinal channels, median portion rather sparsely punctured, vertex rather coarsely and very densely punctured. Pronotum with mar- ginal setae inconspicuous, marginal groove complete, surface densely and rather evenly punctured, the punctures very coarse but not coalescent at sides, finer toward anterior part of disk. Elytral striae broad and deep, strial punctures coarse, intervals finely alutaceous, each subacutely carinate and bearing a row of setigerous punctures along its outer margin, setae very short. Lateral margin carinate, epipleura somewhat shining, finely sculptured. Pygidial carina with a moderately strong median cusp. Metasternum somewhat shining, finely sculptured laterally, median area coarsely and sparsely punc- tured, median groove abruptly terminated behind. Abdominal sternites coarsely but very shallowly punctured, basal transverse row WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN 23 of pits on each sternite fine but distinct. Anterior femur with perimarginal groove, surface densely and finely punctured. Posterior femur with posterior marginal groove, surface sparsely and finely punctured; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 3-3.7 mm. Type and paratypes —U.S.N.M. No. 50764. Type locality—Miami, Florida, U. 8S. A. Material examined.—The type, two paratypes, and six other speci- mens, two each from St. Croix, St. Kitts, and Barbados. The Barbados specimens are in the collection of the British Museum. This species is somewhat similar to A. tenebrosus Arrow but is distinguished immediately from that species by the oval shape of the hind body and by the setigerous punctures of the elytra. 10. ATAENIUS TENEBROSUS Arrow ? Ataenius picipes FLEUTIAUX and SALLf, 1889, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, ser. 6, vol. 9, p. 397. Ataenius tenebrosus Arrow, 1903, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 512. Piceous, opaque, anterior margin of head shining castaneous, legs castaneous, antennae, tarsi, and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head broadly rounded each side of the broad and not deep median emargination, narrowly impunctate, front coarsely punctured, the punctures coalescing to form irregular longitudinal channels, vertex coarsely and densely set with discrete punctures. Pronotum with marginal setae inconspicuous, marginal groove entire, extreme margin somewhat explanate. Surface dull, densely punctured, the punctures laterally very coarse and cribrate, those on anterior portion of disk finer and distinctly separated. Elytral striae deep, strial punctures coarse, intervals not strongly convex, surface coarsely alutaceous, almost scaly, without visible punctures. Humeral angle unusually sharply produced. Lateral margin carinate, epipleura dull. Pygid- ial carina with strong median cusp. Metasternum somewhat shin- ing at middle, lateral areas finely and densely sculptured, median area coarsely and sparsely punctured, median groove abruptly termi- nated both anteriorly and posteriorly. Abdominal sternites coarsely and rather sparsely punctured, basal transverse row of pits on each sternite well defined. Anterior femur with deep perimarginal groove, surface coarsely and densely sculptured. Posterior femur with pos- terior marginal groove entire, surface shining, sparsely and finely punctured; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 3.7-4.5 mm. Type.—tIn the British Museum. Type locality—Grenada, British West Indies (here restricted). 24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 Material examined.—Six specimens from Hispaniola, 14 specimens from Puerto Rico, two specimens from Vieques Island, and a single specimen from Trinidad, the last received for study from the British Museum by kindness of Mr. Arrow. It is possible that A. tenebrosus Arrow is a synonym of A. picipes Fleutiaux and Sallé, but because of the lack of authentic material of the latter I prefer to list the material before me under the younger but certain name. 11. ATAENIUS SUBOPACUS, new species Piceous, very feebly shining, front of head, anterior margin of pronotum, and legs rather bright castaneous, antennae and trophi pale. Anterior margin of head bluntly angulate each side of the shallow median emargination, front finely, transversely rugulose, vertex highly polished, sparsely and not coarsely punctured, the punctures slightly more dense at sides. Pronotum with marginal setae fine and rather sparsely placed, especially across base, marginal groove entire, pos- terior angles almost effaced. Surface subopaque, densely and moder- ately coarsely punctured, the punctures only slightly sparser at anterior portion of disk. Elytral striae fine but rather deep, strial punctures not conspicuous, intervals almost flat, each set with two rows of closely set punctures adjacent to the striae. Each puncture bears a minute seta. Lateral margin rather blunt, epipleura opaque. Pygidial carina with fine and acute cusp, which is continued onto the pygidium as a fine longitudinal carina reaching two-thirds to apical margin. Metasternum somewhat shining, finely and densely sculp- tured on extreme lateral area, median area somewhat deepened along groove, sparsely and rather coarsely punctured, median groove deep, abruptly terminated anteriorly. Abdominal sternites coarsely punc- tured, densely at sides, sparsely along median line, basal transverse row of pits on each sternite fine and distinct. Anterior femur with peri- marginal groove, surface coarsely, evenly, and moderately densely punctured. Posterior femur without marginal groove, shining, sparsely and finely punctured; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 3.5-4 mm. Type and paratypes.—U.S.N.M. No. 53328. Type locality —Grenada, British West Indies. Material ewamined.—Type (male) and one paratype from 3 miles west of Grand Anse, January 20, 1936 (station 150); one paratype from 2 miles west of Grand Anse, January 13, 1936 (station 131) ; one paratype from 1 mile northeast of Grenville, January 21, 1936 (station 151), all collected by Dr. R. E. Blackwelder. There is also a single specimen of this species from Carriacou of the Grenadines, near Limlair, January 17, 1936 (Blackwelder station 144). WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN 25 12. ATAENIUS GRACILIS (Melsheimer) Oxyomus (Pleurophorus) gracilis MELSHEIMER, 1844, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- delphia, new ser., vol. 2, p. 137. Psammodius gracilis Du VAL, 1857, in de la Sagra, Historia fisica, politica y natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 7, p. 119. Ataenius gracilis GEMMINGER and Haroxp, 1869, Catalogus coleopterorum, vol. 4, p. 1066.—Horn, 1871, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 3, p. 286; 1887, loc. cit., vol. 14, p. 79.—BatsEs, 1887, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 99.—ScuHMint, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, p. 436. Aphodius chilensis Sotrer, 1851, in Gay, Historia fisica y politica de Chile, Zool., vol. 5, p. 72, pt. 16, fig. 1 (teste Schmidt, 1922). Piceous-black, somewhat shining, legs castaneous, antennae and trophi pale. Anterior margin of head broadly rounded each side of the very shallow median emargination, front rather coarsely and densely punctured, the punctures tending to form longitudinal rows on upper part and becoming finer and sparser near margin, vertex coarsely and cribrately punctured. Pronotum with marginal setae apparently absent, marginal groove entire, and with a short shallow median longitudinal groove at base. Surface rather coarsely, evenly but not densely punctured, the punctures finer toward anterior margin. Elytral striae moderate, strial punctures large, intervals convex, the first (sutural) interval with a close set series of rather coarse punc- tures, other intervals more finely and less regularly punctured. Lateral margin subcarinate, epipleura somewhat shining. Pygidial carina with a feeble median cusp, extreme apical portion tumid, surface subopaque. Metasternum with median portion shining, median groove broad and deep, not abruptly terminated anteriorly, each side along base with a deep, oblique antecoxal groove, surface coarsely and sparsely punctured. Abdominal sternites with punctation similar to that of metasternum, basal transverse rows of pits feebly defined. Anterior femur with perimarginal groove, surface sparsely and rather coarsely punctured, posterior femur with short groove on posterior margin near insertion of tibia, surface finely and very sparsely punctured ; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 3-3.5 mm. Type.—Probably in Museum of Comparative Zoology. Type locality —Pennsylvania, U. S. A. Material examined.—In addition to many hundred specimens from Pennsylvania and other localities on continental America, 151 speci- mens have been studied from the following islands: Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Croix, St. Kitts, Barbados, and St. Vincent. Arrow, 1903, reports this species from Grenada also. 26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 13. ATAENIUS ELONGATUS (Palisot) Scarabaeus elongatus PAaLisor DE BEAuvols, 1811, Insectes recueillis en Afrique et en Amérique ..., livr. 7, p. 104, pl. 3c, fig. 8. Ataenius elongatus FLEUTIAUX and SALLE, 1889, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, ser. 6, vol. 9, p. 897 (probably erroneous determination of Guadeloupe specimens). Piceous to black, extreme anterior margins of head and pronotum, legs, antennae, and trophi castaneous. Anterior margin of head rounded each side of median subangulate emargination, front strongly convex, almost gibbous at middle, very finely and rather densely punc- tured, vertex a little more coarsely punctured. Pronotum with mar- ginal setae only at sides, marginal groove entire, extreme margin acute. Surface very finely alutaceous, evenly, densely, and uniformly punctured throughout. Elytral striae fine and deep, strial punc- tures absent, intervals feebly convex, finely alutaceous, very sparsely and minutely punctulate, the punctures tending to form two rows on each interval. Lateral margin subcarinate, epipleura shining but rather roughly sculptured. Pygidial carina with strong median cusp, apical margin thickened. Metasternum shining, median por- tion slightly elevated, finely and moderately densely punctured, median groove abruptly terminated anteriorly. Abdominal sternites minutely punctured, more coarsely so at sides, basal transverse row of pits on each sternite fine. Anterior femur with perimarginal groove, the surface sparsely and indefinitely punctured. Posterior femur without marginal groove, surface shining and minutely but sparsely punctulate; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 5-5.7 mm. Type.—Location unknown to the author. Type locality—Santo Domingo [Hispaniola]. Material examined.—In all, 43 specimens have been studied, all from Hispaniola. Localities represented are: Haiti—Port-au-Prince, San Michel, Bayeux; Dominican Republic—Santiago, San Francisco Mountains, Barahona, Monte Cristi, and Puerto Plata. The record of this species from Guadeloupe seems to me doubtful, as Fleutiaux and Sallé comment specifically on the pronotal puncta- tion of their specimens. These were possibly A. darlingtoni Hinton. 14. ATAENIUS EDWARDSI, new species Piceous to black, anterior margins of head and pronotum and legs castaneous, antennae and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head broadly rounded each side of the moderately deep median emargination, front convex, in male finely and rather densely punctu- late and finely transversely rugulose near margin; in female much more strongly rugulose nearly to vertex, vertex more coarsely and not densely punctate. Pronotum with marginal setae longer toward WEST INDIAN APHODITNAE—-CHAPIN 27 anterior angles, shorter and sparser across base, marginal groove entire. Surface shining, set with punctures of two sizes: Fine punc- tures more or less evenly distributed over entire surface and coarse ones confined mainly to the lateral and basal areas. These in the female are even coarser than in the male. Elytral striae fine and deep, strial punctures as in A. darlingtoni, intervals moderately convex, finely, irregularly, and sparsely punctulate. Lateral margin subearinate, epipleura shining, with a row of ill-defined punctures close to the outer edge. Pygidial carina with strong median cusp in male, a feeble one in female; further, the male is furnished with a cusp on apical margin opposite to the cusp on the carina, these cusps often connected by a very fine carina. Metasternum shining, median portion elevated and with a patch of setigerous punctures on posterior half, the setae short and inconspicuous, median groove abruptly terminated anteriorly. Abdominal sternites shining, mi- nutely punctulate on median portion, sparsely but much more coarsely punctured laterally, basal transverse row of pits on each sternite fine. Anterior femur with fine perimarginal groove, the surface finely and sparsely punctured. Posterior femur without marginal groove, almost impunctate; posterior tibia without acces- sory spine. Length: 4-4.5 mm. Type and paratypes.—U.S.N.M. No. 53324. Paratypes : Museum Comparative Zoology No. 23556. Type locality.—Near Spanish Town, Jamaica, British West Indies. Material eramined.—Type and 15 paratypes from near Spanish Town, February 2 (station 377) ; two paratypes from Montego Bay, February 16 (station 407); one paratype each from Kingston, Feb- ruary 6 (station 391), and Black River, February 24 (station 416), all collected by Blackwelder and Chapin, 1937; two paratypes from Kingston, August 27-29, 1934, P. J. Darlington (in collection Museum of Comparative Zoology). In addition to the type series 70 specimens have been studied from the following islands: Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, Antigua, Dominica, St. Lucia, Barbados, St. Vincent, Carriacou, and Grenada. Compared with a specimen of liogaster from Teapa, Tobasco, Mex- ico, H. H. Smith, received from the British Museum, the following differences are noted: There is a break in the even curve of the pronotal margin from middle of base to anterior angle in léogaster, not present in the West Indian species. In logaster the apical portion (from carina to apex) of the pygidium is about twice as long as in the corresponding sex of edwards?, and the cusps are very much reduced. The median portion of the metasternum of Uogaster does not appear to carry setigerous punctures and the posterior femur has a distinct groove, similar to that of A. darlingtoni. Dedicated to W. H. Edwards, Government entomologist of Jamaica. 28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 89 15. ATAENIUS INSULICOLA, new species Piceous; head, anterior margin of pronotum, humeri, and under- parts castaneous, antennae paler. Anterior margin of head broadly rounded each side of the moderate median emargination, front mod- erately convex, in male finely and rather sparsely punctured, finely and sparsely rugulose, in female almost the same but with the rugu- losities a little stronger, vertex sparsely but slightly more coarsely punctate. Pronotum with marginal setae fine and regular, those across base very short and inconspicuous, marginal groove entire, posterior angles rounded but evident. Surface shining, set with a mixture of coarse and fine punctures, the coarse punctures absent from the anterior area of the disk. Punctation similar in the sexes. Elytral striae deep, strial punctures rather coarse, intervals moder- ately convex, finely and irregularly punctulate. Lateral intervals more coarsely punctured and less shining. Lateral margin subcari- nate, epipleura dull, rather coarsely sculptured. Pygidial carina with feeble median cusp. Metasternum shining, lateral portions smooth except for a small sculptured area near extreme lateral margin, median portion slightly concave, sparsely but not finely punctured, median groove deep, abruptly terminated anteriorly and posteriorly. Abdominal sternites coarsely sparsely punctured at sides, very sparsely punctured along median line, basal transverse row of pits on each sternite sharply defined. Anterior femur with perimarginal groove, surface rather coarsely punctured. Posterior femur without marginal groove, surface shining, sparsely and finely punctulate; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 44.5 mm. Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 53325. Type locality —St. Vincent, British West Indies. Material examined.—The type (male) and 13 paratypes of both sexes from St. Vincent. Four specimens from Milepost 814 on Wind- ward Road, February 19, 1936 (station 181), and 10 from a point on the main road 3 miles southeast of Kingstown, February 28, 1936 (station 185), both lots collected by Dr. R. E. Blackwelder. This species is similar in general appearance to A. liogaster Bates but is separated from that species by the less punctate metasternum and the absence of the marginal groove on the posterior femur. 16. ATAENiUS CRIBRITHORAX Bates Ataenius cribrithorar BATES, 1887, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 95. Piceous to black, head and pronotum with castaneous areas of indefinite extent, legs castaneous, antennae and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head broadly rounded each side of the shallow median WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN 29 emargination, front moderately convex, in male rather finely and moderately densely punctured, finely and rather sparsely rugulose, in female the rugulosities tend to be coarser and to obscure the punc- tures, vertex more coarsely punctate. Pronotum with marginal setae inconspicuous, very short across base, slightly longer toward anterior angles, marginal groove entire, posterior angles not completely ef- faced. Surface shining, set with a mixture of fine and coarse punc- tures, the latter somewhat concentrated toward the sides. In the female the coarse punctures are even coarser than in the male, and in some specimens those near the anterior angles tend to coalesce. Elytral striae deep, strial punctures rather coarse, intervals moder- ately convex, finely and irregularly punctulate. Lateral margin sub- carinate, epipleura shining, with traces of sculpture. Pygidial carina with a feeble cusp. Metasternum shining, lateral portions coarsely sculptured except for a narrow smooth area before each coxa, the median portion somewhat concave, sparsely and rather finely punc- tured, median groove deep, rather abruptly terminated anteriorly. Abdominal sternites coarsely but sparsely punctured, the punctures becoming more dense laterally, basal transverse row of pits on each sternite fine. Anterior femur with perimarginal groove, surface coarsely but sparsely punctured. Posterior femur with groove on posterior margin in apical half, surface finely and sparsely punctulate; posterior tibia with accessory spine. Length: 3.8-4 mm. Type—tin the British Museum. Type locality.—Mexico to Panama (not definitely restricted). Material examined.—Two specimens from the type series received some years ago from the British Museum. Other specimens from Central America and 53 specimens from Jamaica and Cuba. There is also a specimen in the collection from St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, which I refer to this species with doubt. 17. ATAENIUS LIOGASTER Bates Ataenius liogaster BATES, 1887, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 94— Hinton, 1937, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 10, vol. 20, p. 193. Piceous-black, anterior margin of head narrowly and legs castaneous, antennae and trophi pale. Anterior margin of head subangulately rounded each side of the very shallow median emargination, front only slightly convex, finely transversely rugulose anteriorly, very finely and sparsely punctured posteriorly. Vertex more coarsely and rather densely punctured. Pronotum with marginal setae fine, short, and inconspicuous across base, marginal groove entire, posterior angles almost obsolete. Surface shining, set with a mixture of minute and coarse punctures, the coarse punctures more sparsely placed and very 30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 sparse on anterior portion of disk. Elytral striae fine and rather deep, strial punctures coarse and slightly off center, thus crenating the inner edge of each interval, intervals slightly convex and minutely alutaceous, sparsely and irregularly punctulate. Lateral margin subcarinate, epipleura shining. Pygidial carina with feeble median cusp. Meta- sternum shining, lateral portions finely sculptured near extreme lateral margin, median portion sparsely but not very finely punctured, median groove deep, not abruptly terminated either anteriorly or posteriorly. Abdominal sternites rather coarsely and closely punctured at sides, more sparsely so along median line, basal transverse row of pits on each sternite fine. Anterior femur with perimarginal groove, surface shining, sparsely and finely punctured with a very few very coarse punctures near posterior margin. Posterior femur with groove on posterior margin in apical half, surface very finely and sparsely punc- tulate; posterior tibia with accessory spine. Length: 44.3 mm. Type——In the British Museum. Type locality —Mexico. Material examined—A specimen from Teapa, State of Tabasco, Mexico, determined by Bates and received from the Biologia Centrali- Americana material; a specimen from Habana, Cuba, T. Barbour (in collection of Museum of Comparative Zoology); and a specimen from Grand Terre, Guadeloupe, November 14, 1935 (Blackwelder station 86). The specimens recorded from Haiti and Santo Domingo by Hinton, 1937, and now in the U. S. National Museum appear to belong to A. insulicola rather than this species. 18. ATAENIUS DARLINGTONI Hinton Ataenius darlingtoni Hinton, 1937, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 10, vol. 20, p. 179, figs. 6-9. Piceous to black, extreme anterior margins of head and pronotum and legs castaneous, antennae and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head rounded each side of rather deep median emargination, front rather strongly convex, very finely and transversely rugulose with fine punctures replacing the rugulosities near vertex, vertex more coarsely punctured. Pronotum with marginal setae long at sides, short and sparse across base, marginal groove entire. Surface shin- ing, not densely set with punctures of two sizes, fine ones more or less evenly distributed over the entire surface and coarse ones largely concentrated toward the sides. Elytral striae moderately sharp and deep, strial punctures coarse, placed slightly off center in stria so that they tend to encroach on the neighboring interval, intervals feebly convex, shining, very irregularly and finely punctulate. Lateral margin subcarinate, epipleura shining, irregularly and WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN ol sparsely sculptured. Pygidial carina with strong median cusp. Metasternum shining, median portion slightly raised, sparsely and very finely punctulate, median groove abruptly terminated both anteriorly and posteriorly. Abdominal sternites coarsely and rather densely punctured at sides, almost free of punctures along middle line of body, basal transverse row of pits on each sternite moderately coarse. Anterior femur with perimarginal groove, surface finely and sparsely punctulate, with a small cluster of coarse punctures near posterior margin near apex. Posterior femur with short groove along posterior margin in apical half, surface sparsely and finely punctulate with a small cluster of coarse punctures near apex; posterior tibia with accessory spine. Length: 4.7-5.5 mm. Type—tIn collection of H. E. Hinton. Paratypes: U.S.N.M. No. 52659. Type locality—Puerto Rico: Caratanga [=Cartagena] Lagoon. Material examined.—Seventy specimens including seven paratypes. The following islands are represented by specimens: Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, Antigua, Guadeloupe, and Grenada. 19. ATAENIUS STRIGICAUDA Bates Ataenius strigicauda Bates, 1887, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 96, pl. 6, fig. 24—Arrow, 1903, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 511.—Fa 1, 1930, Journ. New York Ent. Soc., vol. 38, p. 98 (sub floridanus Brown). Piceous-black, moderately shining, legs deep castaneous, antennae and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head broadly rounded on each side of the shallow median emargination. Front very finely, trans- versely strigillose, upper part (up to line connecting anterior margin of eyes) finely and rather densely punctured, vertex (beyond eye line) much more coarsely punctured. On occasional specimens some coarse punctures are found anterior to this line. Pronotum with marginal setae regularly set along sides and across base, marginal groove com- plete, a little widened toward anterior angles. Surface nearly smooth to very finely alutaceous and with punctures of two sizes: coarse punctures very densely placed laterally becoming very sparse on disk and fine punctures more or less evenly distributed between the coarser punctures over the entire surface. Elytral striae rather deep and fine, with strong indications of strial punctures, intervals sub- convex, becoming more acute near apex, surface nearly smooth to finely alutaceous and each interval with two moderately well defined rows of fine punctures except that the outer three intervals are more coarsely and irregularly sculptured. Lateral margin cariniform, subacute, epipleura rather shining. Pygidial carina with a feeble median cusp. Mesosternum strongly shagreened, intercoxal carina 32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you, 89 broad and moderately long. Metasternum polished, very finely and very sparsely punctured, median groove not abruptly terminated an- teriorly. On each side of median line and just behind the middle coxae there is a cluster of two or more very coarse punctures. Ab- dominal sternites coarsely punctured, the punctures somewhat finer and sparser at the middle. Transverse basal rows of pits quite poorly defined. Anterior femur beneath with deep perimarginal groove, the surface densely and rather coarsely punctured. Posterior femur with groove on hind margin reaching from tibial joint two-thirds (male) or half (female) distance to trochanter; posterior tibia with accessory spine. Length: 4.5-6 mm. Type.—tin the British Museum. Type locality—Cordoba, [Veracruz] Mexico (restricted here). Material examined.—Eighty-four specimens from the West Indian Islands, in addition to many specimens from Florida, Mexico, Hon- duras, Panama, Canal Zone, Bolivia, and Argentina. Based on specimens before the writer the species is known to occur on the fol- lowing islands: Cuba, Bahamas, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, Guadeloupe, Dominica, St. Lucia, Barbados, St. Vincent, and Trinidad. Arrow (1903) reports it also from Grenada and Becquia Island. The degree of alutaceousness of the elytral intervals and the strength of the punctures on the head appear to be variable without reference to geography. Further, each of the two characters varies without reference to the other. The small patch of coarse punctures on each side of the metasternum seems to be the surest differential to separate this species from the other large Ataenius. 20. ATAENIUS FRATER Arrow Ataenius frater Arrow, 1903, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 512. Piceous-black, shining, appendages paler. Anterior margin of head strongly rounded on each side of the median emargination, front densely punctured, the punctures very fine toward the margin at middle, gradually becoming coarser posteriorly and laterally, ver- tex narrowly impunctate. Pronotum with marginal setae very short and inconspicuous, most evident just before the scutellum, submar- ginal groove narrow across base, widening toward anterior angles. Surface polished, punctures coarse and quite dense at sides, rather fine and sparse on disk. Elytral intervals flat, becoming subconvex apically. Basally the intervals are smooth and polished with fine and sparse punctures on disk and coarser and denser punctures lat- erally. Apically the polished portion of each interval becomes grad- ually narrower until at the extreme apex the intervals are strongly alutaceous with median rows of microscopic polished raised points. WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN 33 The tenth interval (submarginal) is alutaceous throughout its length. The lateral margin is cariniform and very prominent; the epipleura alutaceous and complete. Pygidial carina with strong median cusp. Mesosternum strongly shagreened, clothed with short hair, with a short low carina between the coxae. Metasternum polished at middle, roughened by dense punctation at sides, median groove abruptly ter- minated before and behind, polished area sparsely and irregularly punctured. Abdominal sternites coarsely and closely punctured, with transverse basal rows of contiguous pits. Anterior femur beneath with deep perimarginal groove, anterior tibia tridentate, the basal tooth less acute than either of the others. Posterior femur with groove on hind margin, which is complete in male and which reaches from the tibial joint three-fourths of the distance to trochanter in female; posterior tibia with accessory spine. Length: 4-5 mm. Type.—tiIn the British Museum. Type locality —St. Vincent (south end), British West Indies. Material examined.—Two hundred and thirty-four specimens from the West Indies have been studied. The species is widely distributed in the islands and eventually may be found on all islands. Specimens have actually been seen and studied from the following islands: Bahamas, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, St. Thomas, Tortola, St. Croix, St. Kitts, Antigua, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Barbados, St. Vincent, Grenada, and Trinidad. 21. ATAENIUS JAMAICENSIS, new species Dark castaneous to piceous, with vertex, pronotum except extreme margins, scutellum, and first to fifth and seventh elytral interspaces in part darker. Anterior margin of head subhemihexagonal, slightly depressed at middle, the angles rounded, front rather coarsely asperate, the asperities tending to form transverse ridges at middle, interocular area finely and not densely punctured, vertex polished, without visible punctures. Pronotum with marginal setae becoming very short across base, marginal groove narrow before the scutellum and progressively widening to its termination at the anterior angles. Surface polished at disk, with a fine scalelike ground sculpture at sides, rather coarsely and densely punctured, the punctures finer and sparser along median line which is sometimes devoid of punctures. Scutellum and elytra with scalelike ground sculpture, the former devoid of punctures, the latter with a coarse seriate punctation. Intervals somewhat convex, with a few scattered fine punctures, each of which bears a minute seta. Epipleura entire to apices of elytra, coarsely and irregularly wrinkled. Transverse carina of pygidium with triangular median cusp, margin polished, area bounded by margins and transverse carina with very 203107—40——3 34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you. 89 dense and fine scalelike sculpture. Mesosternum strongly shagreened, with dense vestiture of short hairs. Metasternum at middle polished, distinctly punctured, with a deep narrow median groove which ends abruptly both anteriorly and posteriorly, the area adjacent to the middle coxae shagreened and hairy, posteriorly and adjacent to hind coxae, very sparsely punctured and with a scalelike ground sculpture. Abdominal sternites coarsely and sparsely punctured, each with a transverse row of coarse contiguous pits in basal portion. Anterior femur beneath with deep perimarginal groove, anterior tibia with three subequal acute teeth. Posterior femur without groove on hind mar- gin; posterior tibia with accessory spine. Length: 4 mm. Type and paratypes—U.S.N.M. No. 53326. Type locality—Black River, Jamaica. Material examined.—Twenty-five specimens from Jamaica as fol- lows: 17 specimens from type locality, February 24, 1937 (Chapin and Blackwelder station 377); one specimen from Spanish Town, February 2, 1937 (Chapin and Blackwelder station 420) ; three speci- mens from near Gutters, February 25, 1937 (Chapin and Blackwelder station 422) ; four specimens from near May Pen, February 26, 1937 (Chapin and Blackwelder station 425). This species and Ataenius nigrolineatus Hinton from Panama are, so far as the writer knows, the only described species of the genus in which the elytra are distinctly vittate. A. nigrolineatus is a much more robust species and, further, is separated from A. jamaicensis by the uniform dense punctation of the pronotum and by the very smooth front of the head. 22. ATAENIUS ACICULUS Hinton Ataenius aciculus Hinton, 1937, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 10, vol. 20, p. 187. Light piceous, head, flanks of pronotum, and elytra and legs red- dish brown, antennae and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head subangulate each side of the rather deep and broad median emargina- tion, genal lobes angulate and prominent. Front very finely punc- tured on upper part, finely and transversely rugulose below, vertex coarsely and not densely punctured. Pronotum with marginal setae rather long and conspicuous, marginal groove fine across base, be- coming feeble toward anterior angles. Surface feebly shining, disk with a few coarse punctures interspersed among the very fine punc- tures, laterally the coarse punctures become dense and subconfluent. Elytral striae fine and deep, strial punctures moderately coarse, inter- vals evenly convex, strongly alutaceous, sparsely, irregularly and rather finely punctured. Lateral margin blunt, epipleura opaque, ir- regularly sculptured. Apical declivity and flanks sparsely set with moderately long setae. Pygidial carina with a strong median cusp. WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN 35 Metasternum opaque and finely sculptured at sides, shining and very coarsely punctured on median area, median groove moderately deep, abruptly terminated anteriorly. Abdominal sternites sparsely and rather finely punctured, basal transverse rows of pits poorly defined. Anterior femur with deep perimarginal groove, surface coarsely and densely punctured. Middle femur with posterior marginal groove. Posterior femur without marginal groove, surface shining, coarsely and sparsely punctured, the punctures almost entirely in apical half; posterior tibia with accessory spine. Length: 3.7 mm. (given as 4 mm. by Hinton). Type—vU.S.N.M. No. 583827. Type locality —Diquini, Haiti. Material examined—A single specimen, the type, which was col- lected at the above locality by J. B. Torres. A species notable for the fact that the middle and hind femora are quite different. It is the rule in Ataeniws that these femora are similar, 23. ATAENIUS VERSICOLOR Schmidt Ataenius versicolor Scumipr, 1916, Arch. Naturg., vol. 82A, Heft 1, p. 105,— Hinton, 1937, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 10, vol. 20, p. 183 (part). Ataenius haitianus Hinton, 1937, loc. cit. p. 184. Piceous, sides of pronotum, outer intervals and apical third of elytra, antennae, and trophi pale reddish to yellowish brown, some- what shining. Anterior margin of head broadly rounded each side of the moderately deep median emargination, front finely and irregu- larly rugulose with numerous fine punctures intermingled, vertex much more coarsely and rather densely punctured. Pronotum with marginal row of setae complete, the setae near the anterior angles longer, marginal groove complete and coarse. Surface closely and at sides cribrately punctured, the punctures of two sizes—very coarse, which are quite sparse on disk, and moderately fine, which are evenly though rather sparsely distributed over the entire pronotum except where the coarse punctures coalesce. Elytral striae deep, strial punctures moderately coarse, intervals convex but not at all carinate, each interval with two or three irregular rows of minute punctures, apical portions of all intervals and entire outer two intervals with fine setae, surface not strongly alutaceous. Lateral margin sub- carinate, setose, epipleura somewhat shining. Pygidial carina with strong median cusp. Mesosternum finely sculptured, metasternum Nerare laterally with a small patch of punctures near the epimeron, median portion flattened, finely and rather sparsely Peneetred, median groove deep, abruptly terminated anteriorly and porteriorly. Abdominal sternites coarsely and rather densely punctured, trans- verse basal row of pits on last sternite coarse and deep. Anterior 36 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you. 89 femur with perimarginal groove, surface very coarsely and densely punctured. Posterior femur slender, shining, sparsely and finely punctured, without marginal groove; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 3.5-4.2 mm. Type.—Of versicolor in collection Schmidt; of haitianus, U.S.N.M. No. 53892. Type locality —Haiti, Hispaniola. Material examined.—Kighteen specimens from Haiti, six from Dominican Republic, and one from Point Cangrejos, Puerto Rico, April 6, 1920, G. N. Wolcott. There is an additional specimen from 15 miles northeast of Port-au-Prince, Haiti, August 26, 1935 (Black- welder station 30) that appears to be an abnormal individual of this species. It is but 3.2 mm. in length and is less densely punctured than usual. 24. ATAENIUS LUTEOMARGO, new species Aphodius marginellus CHEVROLAT, 1864, Ann. Soe. Hnt. France, ser. 4, vol. 4, p. 414 (not Fabricius). Ataenius terminalis Arrow, 1903, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 512 (not Cheyrolat). Ataenius versicolor HINTON, 1987, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 10, vol. 20, p. 188. (Hinton’s specimens from Dominica and Jamaica now in U. S. National Museum, not Schmidt). Piceous, margins of head and pronotum indefinitely paler, outer two intervals and apices of elytra yellowish to brownish yellow, pygidium and tibiae castaneous, antennae and trophi paler. An- terior margin broadly rounded (subangulate in fresh specimens) on each side of the very shallow median emargination, front minutely punctulate, otherwise smooth in male or finely transversely rugulose in female, vertex anteriorly with a narrow band of coarse punctures extending between eyes, posteriorly impunctate and shin- ing. Pronotum with marginal setae sparse and irregularly placed, marginal groove complete but fine across base. Surface very finely alutaceous, in male minutely and rather sparsely punctulate with sparse coarse punctures laterally and across the base, in female, similar but with coarse punctures more densely placed. Elytral striae very fine, strial punctures hardly visible, intervals feebly con- vex, each interval rather strongly alutaceous and set with two rows of very fine punctures. Lateral margin carinate except at apex where it is bluntly rounded. The upper face of the carina carries a series of coarse punctures. Epipleura shining. Pygidial carina with strong median cusp, pygidial apex thickened. Mesosternum finely sculptured, strongly pubescent, metasternum shining, minutely and sparsely punctulate, median groove abruptly terminated anteriorly, evanescent posteriorly. Abdominal sternites coarsely but indefinitely WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN 37 punctured laterally, first sternite rather densely pubescent. Sternites separated by rows of fine impressed pits. Anterior femur with peri- marginal grove, its surface sparsely but rather coarsely punctured. Posterior femur without marginal groove, surface almost impunc- tate; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 44.5 mm. Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 538328. Type locality —Dominica, British West Indies. Material examined—Type and 370 paratypes from Dominica, taken mostly near Roseau, whence the type comes. Besides the type series the writer has examined 1,714 specimens from the following islands: Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, St. Kitts, Antigua, Mont- serrat, Guadeloupe, St. Lucia, Barbados, and Grenada. The absence of this species from St. Vincent has already been commented on by Arrow (sub tevménalis). On the islands where it occurs it appears to be by far the most common Ataenius. 25. ATAENIUS SULCATULUS (Chevrolat) Auperia sulcatula CHEVROLAT, 1864, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, ser. 4, vol. 4, p. 413. Ataenius sulcatulus GEMMINGER and HAROLD, 1869, Catalogus coleopterorum, vol. 4, p. 1067. ? Auperia rhyticephalu CHEVROLAT, 1864, loc. cit., p. 413. Piceous to black, pronotum sometimes pale near anterior angles as are the antennae and tarsi. Anterior margin of head broadly rounded each side of broad and shallow median emargination, head notably wide across genae and not strongly convex, front in male very finely and not at all densely punctured, in female finely transversely rugulose, vertex somewhat more coarsely punctured on area between eyes. Pro- notum with rather long and conspicuous marginal setae, marginal groove rather coarse at sides, fine but complete across base. Surface in male very finely and sparsely punctulate, in female more coarsely so, laterally and across base with a very few scattered coarse punctures. Elytral striae deep, strial punctures fine and not conspicuous, intervals convex and smooth, minutely alutaceous, without visible punctation. Lateral margin subacutely carinate, epipleura somewhat shining. Pygidial carina with a strong median cusp; extreme apical margin with median cusp, the two cusps sometimes connected by a very fine carina. Mesosternum rough, metasternum smooth, median portion slightly elevated, in male punctate with short bristlelike setae arising from the punctures, in female similar but without setae, median groove deep but not abruptly terminated, Abdominal sternites impunctate but strongly alutaceous, basal transverse rows of pits not conspicuous. Anterior femur with a very fine perimarginal groove, the surface shin- ing and free of punctures. Posterior femur without marginal groove, also shining and free of punctures; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 3.5-4.5 mm. 38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vo. 89 Type.—Location unknown to writer. Type locality —Cuba. Material examined. —Thirty-six males and 22 females from Baragua, Bahia Honda, Santiago de las Vegas, and Cayamas, Cuba. Most of the specimens (34 males and 20 females) were collected at Baragua, May 1932, by L. D. Christenson at the laboratory of the Cuban Sugar Club, and I feel that there is no question of the association of the sexes. It is probable that a female of this species served as type of Awperia rhyticephala Chevrolat, but the fact is not established. 26. ATAENIUS TERMINALIS (Chevrolat) Aupurw terminalis CHEVROLAT, 1864, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, ser. 4, vol. 4, p. 414. Ataenius terminalis GEMMINGER and Haroxp, 1869, Catalogus coleopterorum, vol. 4, p. 1067.—ScHMipt, 1922, Das Tierreich, pars 45, Aphodiinae, p. 438. A[uparia] ciliata CHEVROLAT, 1864, loc. cit., p. 414. Piceous, apex and sides of elytra in apical half, tibiae, tarsi, an- tennae, and trophi paler (entirely castaneous in A. ezliata Chevrolat). Anterior margin of head broadly rounded each side of the very shal- low median emargination, front finely and rather sparsely punctulate, otherwise smooth in male, distinctly transversely rugulose in female, vertex more coarsely punctured and more shining. Pronotum with row of marginal setae broken for a short distance each side of scutel- lum, marginal groove complete but rather fine across base. Surface finely alutaceous, with a mixture of coarse and fine punctures, the coarse punctures rather sparse in male, much more evident in female. Elytral striae fine but sharply defined, strial punctures fine, close set, intervals very feebly convex, almost flat, each interval rather strongly alutaceous without visible punctures except under high magnifica- tion. Lateral margin subcarinate in basal half, rounded toward apex, epipleura shining, with single row of fine punctures in apical third. Pygidial carina with a sharp median cusp, pygidial apex thickened. Mesosternum finely sculptured, pubescent, metasternum shining, its median area sparsely and finely punctured, median groove poorly defined posteriorly but abruptly terminated anteriorly. Abdominal sternites sparsely and indistinctly punctured, especially so in male, first sternite finely and rather densely pubescent. Sternites separated by fine transverse grooves which replace the usual row of pits. Ante- rior femur without marginal groove, surface very sparsely punctured. Posterior femur very minutely and sparsely punctured, without marginal groove; posterior tibia without accessory spine. Length: 3.6-4 mm. Type.—Probably in collection of Felsche. Type locality.—Cuba. WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN 39 Material examined—Three hundred and eighty specimens, of which 367 are from various localities on Cuba and 13 from localities on the western half of Jamaica. No specimens have been seen from any other of the West Indian Islands or from the mainland. Refer- ences to this species in the literature from localities other than Cuba and Jamaica probably refer to A. luteomargo. Except for the difference in coloration, there seems no means of separating the castaneous specimens from the darker ones, and be- cause there are so many intergrading specimens in any large series it has seemed best to list A. ciliata (Chevrolat) as a synonym. 27. ATAENIUS BREVINOTUS, new species Dark castaneous, head, sides of pronotum, humeri, and legs light castaneous, antennae and trophi paler. Anterior margin of head broadly rounded each side of the median reflexed emargination, genal lobes rounded. Front and vertex finely and moderately densely punc- tured, the punctures becoming finer toward the margin. Pronotum strongly transverse, anterior angles broadly rounded and somewhat produced anteriorly, posterior angles strongly indicated, obtuse, mar- ginal setae absent, marginal groove obsolete, feebly indicated across base. Surface very coarsely and rather densely punctured at sides, the punctures becoming finer and sparser on disk where they are of two sizes. Elytral striae fine and sharply defined, strial punctures distinct but not conspicuous, intervals almost flat, minutely alutaceous, set with a few very fine punctures. Lateral margin subacute, epipleura irregularly rugose. Humeral angle raised in a sharp vertical carina. Pygidial carina with an acute median cusp which is prolonged to the apex of the sclerite in a fine carina. Metasternum rough laterally, me- dian area polished, finely and sparsely punctured, median groove shallow, ending anteriorly and posteriorly in pits. Abdominal sternites smooth at middle, roughly punctured at sides, basal trans- verse rows of pits poorly defined. Anterior femur not quite twice as long as broad, almost rectangular, marginal groove very fine but entire, surface finely and densely sculptured. Posterior femur very slender, posterior marginal groove entire, surface sparsely and moderately finely punctured. Length: 5 mm. Type.—Museum of Comparative Zoology No. 23554. Type locality —Baragua, Cuba. Material examined.—A single specimen collected May 7, 1926, at light by C. F. Stahl (T.P.R.F. Ent. No. 457). This most interesting species is apparently an intermediate between the typical Ataenius and typical H'upariwia. In habitus and in the short pronotum, broad anterior femur, and slender posterior femur, the species bears a striking resemblance to /. costaricensis Hinton. 40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL, 89 But in the structure of the mesosternum and mesocoxae, which points seem to be the most trenchant in separating Huparixia from Ataenius, it is a typical Ataentus. Genus EUPARIXIA Brown, 1927 Euparizia Brown, 1927, Can. Ent., vol. 59, p. 288.—Hinton, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., vol. 10, p. 27; 1936, Univ. California Publ. Ent., vol. 6, p. 274. Type of genus: L'upariaia duncani Brown, 1927 (by monotypy). This genus was established to contain species of Aphodiinae having the prothorax strongly constricted at base, the middle coxa obliquely truncate at outer extremity where it is contiguous with or overlapped by the elytral margin, and the anterior femur unusually short and broad. Since the publication of the original diagnosis, two species, E. formica and E’. costaricensis, have been added by Hinton, and in this paper a fourth is described. One of these is known to be as- sociated with ants of the genus Af¢ta, and it is probable that such is the habit of all the species. At least it is noteworthy that the known range of Huparixia is included within the range of Atta. 1. EUPARIXIA BRUNERI, new species Body uniformly castaneous, legs somewhat darker. Anterior margin of head truncate across middle, sides feebly curved to the prominent genal lobes. Front finely and rather densely punctured in upper portion, finely granulated near margin, central area smooth and slightly raised. Vertex coarsely and very densely punctured. Pronotum broader than long, without well-defined marginal groove, much narrower across base than width of elytra across humeri, posterior angles completely obliterated, greatest width at about an- terior third, in front of which point the sides are broadly explanate, anterior angles prominent but broadly rounded. Surface in basal half very coarsely and rather densely pitted, anterior half across disk coarsely to finely punctate, explanate margins almost impunc- tate. Elytra together suboval, widest across apical third, basal ends of lateral cariniform margin ending in a prominent spur, scutellum elongate triangular, very narrow, striae shallow, strial punctures coarse and quadrate, intervals acutely carinate. Lateral margin acute, epipleura nearly smooth. Pygidial carina feeble with very weak median cusp. Metasternum mostly smooth, median area with a few coarse ill-defined punctures adjacent to middle coxae, median groove shallow. Abdominal sternites with a few very large, shallow, ill-defined pits, the pits of the basal transverse rows very large, quad- rate and contiguous. Anterior femur short and very broad, an- terior margin with broad groove, surface moderately coarsely and WEST INDIAN APHODIINAE—CHAPIN 41 closely punctured. Anterior trochanters triangular, very prominent. . Posterior femur slender, with short posterior marginal groove in apical two-fifths, surface finely and rather sparsely punctured. Length: 4.5 mm. Type and paratypes.—U.S.N.M. No. 53329. Type locality —Baragua, Camaguey, Cuba. Material ewamined—Three specimens from Cuba, two of which were taken at the type locality May 24, 1932, by L. D. Christenson, the third at Santiago de las Vegas, July 20, 1924, and submitted for study by S. C. Bruner. This species bears a striking resemblance to #’. formica Hinton but differs from that species as follows: The explanate margins of the pronotum end abruptly at the widest point and are not continued posteriorly in such a way as to be visible from above; the median por- tion of the metasternum is almost impunctate and not evenly and densely punctate ; the posterior marginal groove of the posterior femur is definitely less than half as long as the femur instead of fully half its length. ADDENDA Since the preparation of the taxonomic portion of this paper was completed, a few descriptions of Cuban Ataenius by Dr. V. Balthasar ? have come to my attention. It appears that Dr. Balthasar has not access to the recent literature dealing with this group and has per- haps redescribed certain already known species. The species described by Dr. Balthasar are as follows: Ataenius waltherhorni BALTHASAR, 1988, loc, cit., p. 55. I find it impossible to separate this from A. darlingtoni Hinton, 1937, a species commonly found on Cuba and elsewhere. Ataenius havanensis BALTHASAR, 1938, loc. cit., p. 56. The species appears to me inseparable from A. miaméi Cartwright, 1934. Up to the present I have not examined specimens of this spe- cies from Cuba but have established its distribution in the West Indies as sufficiently wide to make its presence on the island extremely probable. The Florida specimens are almost certainly recent arrivals from some West Indian island. ltaenius frankenbergeri BALTHASAR, 1938, loc. cit., p. 56. This is the species that I have here considered to be A. sulcatulus (Chevrolat). While the identification is not fully established, suf- ficient variation in the series from Baragua was noticed to make such an identification highly probable. 1 Arbeit. Morph. und Taxon. Ent. Berlin-Dahlem, vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 55-61, 1938. ) S. OVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1940 Hl a ae ee i ips puiyt fot Gt abated fie caer ae ' Si pte ogee an Pia ASN ie NR sel By emaneaest Soom tiaftanih Gite as ie con me de Bs ela sonyet ma sd wee baat, AOR iain es Seer estate gure gon: pate fuaNy, kas pane: ea wali *) Gide inshie Bund vat berabiarnst) coll wind eens ad eae: koa Drbbehnaes el bee atv iui handbk ip tok al ARO 0 ibe eotncce nd Boetting Ane wr tywnsithalio trie ton wih ie aan oe i inihate ete uparhiy a ney | pkiisirealag, ee a Kha He un ak Tauaikd caida ei rin Latin tien (ARIES ETE A, 018 ston ot feck aah cana 5 Pn ee MNEL 4 ere yt see Pg Seni Nah abr tae: Pais dhe ‘neal rene | e Payee ead PErannNstr: 2 (a oT ‘SaTONDAN hank AIGA. / Ae RENAME) rn a aioe ae eg bares aya. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Washington : 1940 No. 3093 TWO NEW ANURAN AMPHIBIANS FROM MEXICO By Epwarp H. Taytor Tue two species of frogs described herein are a part of the collection made by Dr. Hobart M. Smith in Mexico during 1938 and 1939 for the United States National Museum. These novelties were called to my attention by Dr. Smith, who requested that I describe the forms. The drawings of the types were made by Walter Yost; those of the tadpole of the Hyla by Hazel Watson. Genus SYRRHOPHUS Cope SYRRHOPHUS SMITHI, new species PLATE 1 Type.-—U.S.N.M. No. 108594; 15 miles west of Galeana, Nuevo Leén, Mexico; elevation 5,200 feet, October 13, 1939. H. M. Smith collector. Paratype-—EHT-HMS No. 23067, topotype. Diagnosis.—A large member of the genus (known maximum size 33 mm.); width of an eyelid nearly four-fifths the interorbital distance; diameter of eye equals its distance from anterior edge of nostril; a long (6.2 mm.) lumbar gland scarcely discernible except for pores seen under lens; diameter of tympanum a little more than half of eye diameter; tibiotarsal articulation reaches to tympanum; heels touch but do not overlap; tip of digits somewhat thickened, blunt, lacking a terminal groove, not wider than digits; an outer palmar tubercle present; dorsal and ventral surfaces absolutely smooth; a few granules on anterior part of sides; ash gray with black flecking above; white below. 219854—40 43 44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 Description of the type-—Head a little narrower than body, its width (11.2 mm.) about equal to its length (11.25 mm.); canthal region rounding, the lores sloping broadly to lip, the region behind nostril slightly concave; snout oval, the tip broadly rounded; eye length (4 mm.) less than length of snout (5.1 mm.), reaching anterior edge of nostril; nostril small, contained in distance to eye four times; tympanum subcircular, slightly higher than long, its diameter (2.3 mm.) more than one-half of the eye (4 mm.), separated from eye by a distance equal to more than half its diameter (1.2 mm.). Tongue rather thick, somewhat pyriform, not or but slightly nicked behind, free for about half its length, somewhat papillate; choanae large, nearly lateral, not concealed by jaw when seen from below; no vomerine teeth. Arm moderately long, when extended the wrist reaches beyond snout; first finger as long as second, both shorter than fourth; three palmar tubercles, outer small, conical, median largest, oval, inner as large as subarticular tubercles; slight swellings under the distal joints; supernumerary tubercles large; five supernumerary tubercles on palm, and some smaller granules at base of fingers; leg rather short; the heel reaches to tympanum, the inner metatarsal tubercle does not quite reach tip of snout; small inner metatarsal tubercle, only little larger than subarticular tubercles; outer metatarsal tubercle a little more than half as large as inner; subarticular tubercles large, very salient, the tips pointed forward; supernumerary tubercles present; those on the third and fourth toes high, compressed; about 13 tubercles of varying size on sole; free part of fourth toe twice that of the fifth; no trace of tarsal folds or tubercles. No trace of web. Skin above, quite smooth; below, likewise smooth; a few granules evident on sides, encroaching slightly on abdomen; an abdominal disk faintly discernible, the posterior edge of which crosses posterior part of abdomen some distance in front of femurs; lumbar gland (dis- cernible only by the enlarged pores visible under a lens or by the cream-white exudate) about 6.2 mm. long, and about one-third as wide; it does not reach groin; vocal sacs in male ?; slight suggestion of flattened tubercles on eyelid. Under side of femur with longitu- dinal grooves, between which there is some granulation; granulation on posterior face of femur more distinct. Color, freshly preserved—Ash gray with numerous indefinite darker gray, blackish, or brownish flecks; a larger blackish-brown spot on the gland, with some minute light flecks; limbs lighter than body, with indefinite brownish bars on femur, more pronounced bars on tibia; feet dimly barred; a tiny light spot between orbits, tympanum brownish; a darker loreal stripe; edge of lip much lighter than lores; entire ventral surfaces white with a very sparse peppering of darker {visible only under the lens). TWO NEW FROGS FROM MEXICO—TAYLOR 45 Measurements (in mm.).—Snout to vent, 33; snout to angle of mouth, 7.6; snout, 5.1; eye diameter, 4; tympanum, 2.3; head width, 11.2; head length, 11.25; arm, 20.2; leg, 45; tibia, 14; foot, 21. Remarks.—The paratype is a very young specimen having the mode of coloration somewhat different. The general coloration is blackish brown, with the minute grayish-white flecks a little more prominent on the sides. A row of white flecks is present along edges of lips, while the light flecks and spots on the arms are more pronounced, the light predominating. On the limbs the whitish-cream coloration covers most of the anterior face of the femur and a region on the dorsal surface of the femurs. The banding is not pronounced on the postero- dorsal face of femur and tibia. Numerous small cream spots are pre- sent on chin, breast, and abdomen, with a fine peppering of dark pigment. This species appears to be most closely related to the very much smaller Syrrhophus guttilatus (Cope) (type locality, Guanajuato). It differs apparently in having shorter legs and longer arms and a totally different coloration (that species being brown with whitish spots, the limbs banded with rufous). The specimens were collected 15 miles west of Galeana; elevation 5,200 feet. They were found in semiarid terrain, under a rock. The vegetation is of low shrub, cactus, and agaves; no grass cover is present in the type locality. The species is named for its discoverer, Dr. Hobart M. Smith. Genus HYLA Laurenti HYLA DENDROSCARTA, new species PLATES 2, 3 Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 108679 collected at Cuautlapa, Veracruz, January 1, 1939, by Dr. Hobart M. Smith. Paratypes—U.S.N.M. Nos. 108676-108678; 108680-—108686. EHT-HMS Nos. 23236-23256, all topotypes. Diagnosis.—A medium-sized tree frog (known maximum size 35 mm., snout to vent); fingers about one-third, toes about two-thirds, webbed; tympanum moderately distinct, covered with skin pigmented like the body, about half the diameter of the eye; tibiotarsal articula- tion reaches nostril; subarticular tubercle of outer finger bifid; small vocal sacs in males; vomerine teeth between choanae; gums at the base of the teeth and between the teeth heavily pigmented; tongue not free behind. Description of the type.—Head rather large, a little broader than the body; eye moderate, its diameter (3.6 mm.) much less than length of snout (4.5 mm.); width of upper eyelid (3.4 mm.) much less than 46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 interorbital distance (4.4 mm.); diameter of tympanum (1.9 mm.) slightly larger than half diameter of orbit (3.6 mm.); canthus ros- tralis rounded; loreal region slightly concave behind nostril; snout rather pointed, the nostrils about 1 mm. from the tip. Tongue subcircular, not or but slightly notched behind, the pos- terior part of tongue not free; choanae rather large; vomerine teeth in two groups lying between choanae but not reaching their anterior or posterior levels, the two groups of teeth separated from each other by a distance as great as their distance from choanae; gums about teeth pigmented, the pigment appearing to form short vertical lines between the teeth; the openings of the mucous glands form a continuous sinuous line about halfway between the anterior level of choanae and the front of mouth. Hand brought forward the wrist reaches beyond tip of snout; fingers a little more than one-third webbed, the edges of the membrane more or less scalloped and continuing as a very narrow fringe to base of disks; terminal disks large, those of outer fingers (2 mm.) with a diameter greater than tympanum; subarticular tubercle of the fourth finger bifid; that on first finger larger than those on second and third; large elongate tubercle at base of first finger, larger than the palmar tubercle, which is more or less bifid; numerous smaller tubercles on palm, the skin between them more or less granular; a row of five tubercles under forearm; tibiotarsal articulation reaches to posterior edge of nostril; tarsal fold present, not especially well developed; third and fifth toes reach forward the same distance; toes little more than two-thirds webbed, the webs more or less scalloped on the edges and reaching forward to the disks as narrow margins; inner meta- tarsal tubercle large, flattened; outer small, farther forward than the anterior edge of the inner tubercle; several supernumerary tubercles on sole, the skin between them and the membrane between toes granular; terminal disks well developed but a little smaller than the disks of outer fingers; when limbs are placed at right angles to body the heels overlap (5 mm.); anal flap rather small; anus followed by a short narrow groove and radiating fluting. Skin of head minutely corrugated, of body practically smooth; chin and throat faintly granulate; breast, abdomen, under side of femur, and a slight area on the posterior face of femur with heavy granulation; a small tubercle on heel. Color in aleohol.—Above, fawn color, with faint lavender coloration on head and some indefinite mottling on the back and limbs of the same color; below, uniform creamy white; under a lens the pigment is visible as minute dots; it is present on the ventral surface as a slight peppering, on anterior edge of lower jaw, and on under side of knee and foot; otherwise the venter is immaculate. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 1 SYRRHOPHUS SMITHI, NEW SPECIES. Type, U.S. N. M. No. 108594, from Galeana, Nuevo Len. Upper figure, X 2; three lower figures, < 3. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 2 HYLA DENDROSCARTA, NEW SPECIES. Type, U. S. N. M. No. 108679, from Cuautlapa, Veracruz. Upper figure, X 2; three lower figures, X 3. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Larva. Topotypic paratype, EHT-HMS No. 23236. PROCEEDINGS VOL. 89 (EEL EEL egy, F Mh, iM int a etl fgets EM je 1! et UI ayy yg gued eH Hy ty My ; 4 fg ai uit Ftilltnen 7 7 “hn ieee 4 "he yt VOD tent pee Oe HYLA DENDROSCARTA, NEW SPECIES. figures, lateral and dorsal views, X 4. Upper figure, mouth, PLATE 3 < 20; lower TWO NEW FROGS FROM MEXICO—TAYLOR A7 Measurements (in mm.).—Snout to vent, 35; width of head, 12.8; length of head, 12.1; arm, 20.2; leg, 57; tibia, 19.2; foot, 24.8. Description of the tadpole—Head and body in profile feebly arched, the dorsal region rather flattened ; outline of the body seen from above is broadly ovoid, slightly truncate anteriorly. The mouth is ventral; lips moderately narrow, their borders papillate; dental formula of anterior ip 1+1-+1; of posterior ip 1+1-+1+1; upper beak broader than lower, both with distinct serrations on edge; upper beak crescen- tic, lower, broadly V-shaped. Nostrils dorsal, nearly midway between eye and tip of snout; spiracle sinistral, tubular; vent sinistral, forming a short tube. Tail very long with about 27 segments discernible; tip pointed; fin arising some distance back from base of tail on dorsal surface, and reaching body on under edge of tail, widest near the tip; eyes blackish. Color of tadpole in life-—Specimens are grayish flesh color in life; under the lens there is discernible a peppering of dark pigment over anterior dorsal part of head and body; on the tail the pigment is extremely sparse, a few dots being visible near the base of the fin. Remarks.—The specimens were obtained from bromeliad plants in trees in the vicinity of the village of Cuautlapa. The eggs are laid in the plants, and the young pass through a fairly typical larval stage. I found one lot of freshly laid eggs, which I presumed belonged to this species, on August 18, 1939. They were in a plant only about 6 feet from the ground on astump. In other plants in the same locality numerous tadpoles were taken, some having well-developed limb buds. In specimens collected in the middle of September one was found transformed. Many adults im life are generally creamy yellow above and lemon yellow on the posterior part of venter. The openings of the vocal sacs are posterior and relatively very small, the throat shows no typical wrinkling. The relationship may be with the small bromeliad frog Hyla melanomma (in press) from Guerrero. The species differs from all other known Mexican hylas in the pigmentation of the gums. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 19490 ins ee RES Le tel ; ee aod ¥ mac inate n10 at | | ve ee | yas baw ay eee ee ue iat vitae leetol etiueoyh baie eee Prod & 3 etary levtaintia saat spataglilh lerutetpie olog ae. i ed ai i i e 9 Wy = & Ay es ee es GS baer AY. Sc lD - yee iy ; - x ae 7 j ‘ wary Wns (terse me Oh ee lee Dart \ h ari : Vout nLiOgew: tt (ides ND GPS We tae Tikes hOd Chad heey BA erang yon eB we taets dieses Lomens turkiye ravi! Fie 4-1 rite ent Pups: Peete ects Ms PIE e IA, of orien eh We sRival at? fie si htstan , Paes Ub, Ul ~ E are score + Cec Teeth Fea ey Goes | a At About ro beh iar eit Severs = 08 F My i 7m con a Si 7 7 7 A 7 Bie i al Sse tpigrier. Malwa. putin Qoemetnts a San) AAG 6p ce ee Dy owe i oe ee per oY er ttf eet de Oe ae Pay Wurst ms P PMMA OST ri dal? foe AIG ee | 4 wives wale ( pects, dette 7 tes - TU 4c. ‘tre wh r H a a al), i ' aad Vide Ruvewery tay ry wet oes we eae ait } PY Pin A rAd eee 7; ay oh abi ei, ra Ts 5 i | heh Bal 7 oh als . =sta +t = See Sail Ras ” +, 7 Rails bi enced ae iny (elec te Crs - 0G BEB en a Gen MOTOS RED & i chrco iter Gaal pill, a ihers nrec Neier ith vs | . ‘he 7 ee iby: it 3 BE aH a Nears fir tu te th, =a oa a ~ J ‘ i - 7a / a ‘ PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Washington : 1940 No. 3095 REVISION OF THE SCARABAEID BEETLES OF THE PHYL- LOPHAGAN SUBGENUS LISTROCHELUS OF THE UNITED STATES, WITH DISCUSSION OF RELATED SUBGENERA By Lawrence W. SayLor Listrochelus was described as a genus by Blanchard in 1850, with L. laportaei (from Mexico) as the type species. In 1878 Horn pub- lished a revision of the United States species, and other than scattered descriptions there has since been no further revision of the group. The present paper treats 39 species and subspecies, of which 20 are herein described as new; also listed are four Mexican species that have not heretofore been recorded from north of the Rio Grande. The material studied consisted of 1,571 specimens (1,003 males and 568 females) lent by all the major private and public collections of the country. All the figures were drawn by the author. The species considered as belonging to this group present a rather varied appearance, and nearly all types of structural modifications between species found in the typical portion of the genus (Phyllophaga sensu stricto) occur; as yet, however, no species of Listrochelus is known to me in which one of the hind tibial spurs in the male is immovable or in which the middle male tarsal claws are “deformed.” Nearly every serious student of the group has expressed at one time or another the opinion that Listrochelus was not tenable as a genus and either that its boundaries be modified or else that it be suppressed entirely. With more than twice the number of species known to previous workers before me, I am unable to find characters that will sustain Listrochelus as a valid genus. ‘True, there are a certain num- 219855—40—1 59 60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 89 ber of species that by the strongly pectinate tarsal claws and prom- inent transverse carina of the vertex appear to form well-marked groups, but when an attempt is made to separate these groups gener- ically or even subgenerically on good characters the hopelessness of the task is at once apparent. In certain species, whose males have the tarsal claws strongly pectinate or serrate, the claws of the female are toothed and have hardly visible serrations, and such females are separable from Phyllophaga only by possessing a frontal carina. On the other hand, such species as Listrochelus cavata Bates, L. meadet Saylor, L. cochisa Saylor, and L. micros Bates do not have any trace of the transverse frontal carina, nor do they have even the posterior area of the front marked by a transverse boundary of rugose punctures (as in L. timida Horn and L. senex Horn); but they do have (at least in the male and much less noticeably so in the female) strongly pectinate or serrate tarsal claws, so that their inclusion in the Listrochelus group of species is necessary. The only alternatives (other than suppressing Listrochelus entirely) are to erect half a dozen or more purely artificial genera or else to reduce the name Listrochelus to a sub- genus of Phyllophaga (into which it grades gradually and completely through such species as L. cavata and allies, L. senex, L. timida, and others to a lesser extent), and I feel that the latter course is justified and necessary. Admittedly, by preserving Listrochelus as a valid name at all we are maintaining a somewhat poorly defined unit of Phyllophaga (since the two must be separated by a combination of characters any one of which may fail), but since by so doing proper identification of the included species is facilitated, certain purposes of taxonomic research are better served. In a recent revision of the United States Phytalus (1939) the author found it necessary to reduce that group to subgeneric standing under Phyllophaga. In this connection the two genera Chirodines Bates and Chlaenobia Blanchard may be mentioned: the former is separated from Phytalus only through having the tarsal claws of the anterior and middle legs of the male (female unknown) simple. This is obviously a poor character upon which to separate genera, as we have many instances in other genera and subgenera where the teeth on the claws vary widely within the group (e. g., Anoplosiagum, Listrochelus). Until the female is found and is proved also to possess simple anterior tarsal claws as does the male, I prefer to regard Chirodines as at most a subgenus of Phyllophaga. The genus Chlaenobia, ably revised by Chapin in 1935, is separated from Phytalus only through having the ‘‘male tarsal segments thick- ened and densely pilose below”; Phytalus chlaenobiana Saylor is practically inseparable externally from the male Chlaenobia tumulosa Bates both by general facies and characters, if the pilose and broad- REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 61 ened tarsal segments of the latter are omitted from consideration. Chlaenobia verata Horn and C. unituberculata Bates have the male tarsal segments only slightly more pilose than in normal male Phytalus, while the segments themselves are not at all expanded. The front tarsal segments are expanded in male C. latipes Bates, C. tumulosa, ete., and not at all so (even though pilose below) in C. aequata Bates, C. colimana Arrow, C. verata Horn, etc. The situation here is exactly comparable to that in Liogenys Guerin, wherein the tarsal segments may vary in the male from normal size to twice or even three times the normal width—this being therefore a sexual and specific variation and not to be considered of generic importance. Thus the differences between Chlaenobia tumulosa on the one hand and Phytalus chlaeno- biana on the other are fully bridged over in the species C. verata and unituberculata, and the only alternative to suppressing Chlaenobia entirely is to keep it as a subgenus of Phyllophaga; moreover, the generic differences as set up between Phytalus and Chlaenobia hold only in the male sex. In this connection I wish to quote a short paragraph from an article by G. J. Arrow (of the British Museum of Natural History), who has had wide and varied experience in scarab taxonomy for a good many years. Mr. Arrow says (1938) in speaking of a scarab genus: ‘Those who see advantage in the multiplication of generic names may perhaps discover some diagnostic feature by which the retention of one or both these names may be rendered possible. Such attempts seem to me, however, to be only resisting an inevitable process. As more and more species of any group become known, previously apparent gaps in the series necessarily become filled, and the disappearance of many genera is as natural as their erection at an earlier date, when the known species were fewer.’ With this statement I heartily concur. By treating Chiaenobia as a subgenus of Phyllophaga, most closely allied to the subgenus Phytalus, and restricting to it those species having closely cleft tarsal claws in both sexes, and the tarsal seg- ments in the male more densely pilose than normal (with also widened tarsal segments in some of the species), I believe the status and true relationships of these subgenera will be better evidenced than by using any other arrangement. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is a pleasure to acknowledge the assistance of many individuals and institutions. Those contributing material for study or assisting in other ways were: Dr. E. A. Chapin, the material in the U. S. National Museum and the Casey Collection; G. J. Arrow, of the 62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 89 British Museum, for comparing specimens of United States species with Bates’ types, as well as for numerous previous favors; H. J. Reinhard, Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas; Milton Sanderson and the authorities of the University of Kansas Ento- mological Museum; Prof. E. C. Van Dyke, Dr. Abe Michelbacher, Mont A. Cazier, and Edward Ross, of the University of California; O. L. Cartwright, of Clemson College; Mark Robinson, of Philadelphia, Pa.; Dr. W. Dwight Pierce, of the Los Angeles Museum; Dr. Richard KE. Blackwelder and the American Museum of Natural History; and Hugo Kahl, of the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh. The large series of the several species from Lower California presented for study by Ross and Michelbacher have been particularly valuable. I am especially indebted to Dr. Chapin for many favors. He compared specimens with the types of LeConte at Cambridge and the types of Horn at Philadelphia. Mrs. Emma L. Henry has rendered valuable clerical assistance in the preparation of the manuscript. A word concerning the procedure followed in the present paper: In the account under each species are listed the total number of individuals and the localities for all specimens examined; where a species is distributed over a wide range, specific localities are not given but only the approximate boundaries of such range, as evidenced from the material at hand. The names of collectors are given in parentheses, and the collections from whence the specimens came and/or are at present housed are indicated by enclosure within brack- ets. In the bibliography a note is given defining the nature and scope of each article listed. In some places in the key use has been made of the genitalia char- acters to separate species; this is necessitated by the fact that these species exhibit such slight external differences that series of each must be carefully compared to determine them correctly, while if the gen- italia are used the specimens may be quickly and positively placed. KEY TO THE AMERICAN SUBGENERA OF PHYLLOPHAGA 1. Tarsal claws of anterior and middle legs simple, neither cleft nor toothed (female unknown) (Mexico)___-______--------- Chirodines Bates Claws of all legs pectinate, cleft, or variously toothed___--_--_----------- 2 2. Claws of tarsi narrowly cleft, angle formed by cleft being acute at least in males; females frequently with cleft much more obtuse, rarely grading into almost a median tooth_______-_------------ 3 Claws toothed, pectinate or serrate, never cleft___.___---_---------------- 4 3. Tarsal segments densely to moderately pilose beneath, less ob- viously so in females (segments broadened in males of some species); color usually light testaceous (Central America and Wnited States) tee sates ke meters cee eee Aer a eee Chlaenobia Blanchard ‘Tarsal segments at most very sparsely pilose beneath, segments never broadened in either sex; color variable (North and South PATTON ICA) Ne Ie Sieh Ct CIN J ng Phytalus Erichson REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 63 4. Claw with a strong to moderate tooth, position of latter variable, claw never with serrations or pectinations; tarsi never densely pilose; vertex of head plane, never transversely carinate (North MTG DOULOVAMerICa) 6 M80 se oo ae foe k a gees Phyllophaga Harris Claw finely or coarsely serrate to pectinate, with or without a larger intercalated triangular tooth; vertex usually with a well- marked transverse carina, the latter reduced in some species and entirely absent in some; tarsi in some few species densely pilose or ciliate in male (Southwestern United States and IMS RECO rere epee a ee Leet abet enaate 4 Listrochelus Blanchard KEY TO THE MALES OF LISTROCHELUS 1. Head densely, coarsely, and entirely punctate behind 3 (1). 4 (3). 5 (4). 6 (5). transverse carina of vertex; tarsal claws pectinate or serrate along a single margin (figs. 2, f, 7) without a larger intercalated tooth (serrations of margin frequently hardly noticeable); not densely hairy above_-------------------- 2 Head rarely punctate behind transverse carina and then only at sides, with at least a large portion of vertex impunctate, more commonly the entire surface posterior to carina impunctate; claw variably serrate or pectinate along a single or double margin; if with characters as in preceding couplet, then with dense short hair dorsally Ciiboarnes) (aes. SEE eee ete Sa oP aie See eee soe 3 . Claw with serrations obvious to nearly absent (fig. 2, 7); antenna unicolorous rufotestaceous, club usually shorter than, or subequal to, funicle (genitalia, fig. 3, ac)... timida (Horn) Claw definitely pectinate; antennal club testaceous, lighter in color and slightly longer than funicle (genitalia, HOM aay lees. SAU LE ie I. Moat Le eee snowi, new species Clawadeunigely. pectinater Gig. 2) if)e 2h ese te eel ee 4 Claw serrate (figs. 2, h, i), serrations rather strong to faint.._____-_-- 23 Claw pectinate along two margins (fig. 2, g)---------------------- 13 Claw tpectinate:along. one margin (fig: 2yf) 2. 522. 222--sseesele---- 5 Genitalia symmetrical (fig. 12, a); transverse carina of ver- tex obsolete, clypeus plane; dorsal surface glabrous or nearly so; sixth abdominal segment plane (cavata and melmbedsspecies)u-. Se eeiae L0y Lertiite) Uaahewe sae pete ee Kok oS 6 Genitalia asymmetrical (figs. 5, c, h); transverse carina strong, or if weak then clypeus strongly tumid at base; densely hairy above, or if glabrous then sixth abdominal segment either with a deep fovea or large and flattened and with scabrose, setigerous punctures____.-------------------- 9 Genitalia in en face view with apices bluntly rounded or bluntly pointed, apices never reflexed (fig. 12, d, g)-------------- 7 Genitalia in en face view with apices narrow and pointed and strongly to moderately reflexed toward sides (fig. . Genitalia with tips pointed but bluntly so, not at all re- flexed toward sides (fig. 12, df) (Mexico and New Mex¥en) Ginette tan Siaetely sev bh a onli ee cavata (Bates) Genitalia tips bluntly rounded, neither pointed nor re- flexed (fig. 12, g-i) (Colorado and Mexico)-_---__----- micros (Bates) 64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 89 8 (6). Genitalia tips very narrow and strongly reflexed (fig. 12, 9-0) (Mexico)! 28 22 Ub OnE ie ahs Ope ye eee meadei, new species Genitalia pointed and very acute at tip, the tips only slightly reflexed toward sides (fig. 12, a-c) (Arizona and Mexico) 2. ot ALU) i So i is eee cochisa, new species 9 (5). Dorsal surface covered with moderately dense and short hair; antennal club much shorter than funicle; sixth abdominal segment slightly convex (genitalia, fig. 11, Ler PCTS, LEAL A RE LE Ly PR Paes ce pilosipes, new name Thorax and head usually subglabrous; antennal club equal to funicle; sixth abdominal segment very long, either foveateror fattened (eee 2 Poke SIE ay eee Sao es ae 10 10 (9). Base of elypeus hardly or not at all tumid, front flattened; thorax polished, densely punctate, not rugose; sixth abdominal segment strongly flattened, never even slightly concave, with fine scabrose punctures, the hairs short and not dense; genitalia in lateral view with only one apical tooth (ie: hS, =) as te sae ee ae miraflora, new species Clypeal base always tumid, front always coarsely and usually rugosely punctate; thorax variable, rugosely punctate or not; sixth abdominal segment always broad and either slightly or markedly concave or foveate (never merely flattened as in miraflora), scabrous punc- tures and short erect hairs denser than in miraflora; genitalia in lateral view always with two rather obvious teeth (fig. 5) Ding) iste by a eee os 1 NS ca apts nk ane el yan fe oe 11 11 (10). All of thoracie disk closely, coarsely, and rugosely punctate; middle base of clypeus strongly tumid; posterior margin of transverse carina on vertex very coarsely and closely punctate; genitalia in en face-dorsal view with lateral inargins of the two teeth nearly parallel (fig. 5, f); upper tooth in lateral view of moderate length (fig. 5, ¢). densicollis (LeConte) Thoracic disk less densely punctate, if rugose at all then along the apical margin only, center of disk usually with an impunctate area; transverse carina less densely punctate; genitalia in en face-dorsal view slightly to strongly expanded toward the outside (figs. 5, c, h); upper tooth in lateral view either very short (fig. 5, b) or oP moderateengthy (fig: Sq) ite: ene eee Be Seat a pepo 2 12 12 (11). Genitalia in en face-dorsal view slightly expanded fae ward sides and in lateral view with upper tooth markedly shorterithan lower\(figib b,c) boas =o ee carminator (Horn) Genitalia in en face-dorsal view strongly expanded toward sides and teeth much longer thar in above species; in lateral view the two teeth are approximately same width and length (fig. 5, g, h)----------- michelbacheri, new species 13 (4). Hind tarsus densely pilose beneath, pilosity of each seg- ment occurring in a dense patch (fig. 4, e); sixth abdomi- nal segment with raised cariniform ridges (fig. 2, d, e)-.---------- 14 Hind tarsus pilose but never densely so; sixth abdominal usually planejor nearly (so .- ase n= ee ae ee ee oe 15 14 (13). 15 (13). 16 (15). be, (CLG): S17): 19 (15). 20 (19). 21 (19). REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 65 Surface of sixth abdominal segment strongly ascending (fig. 2, d), apex deeply, narrowly cleft, producing a bidentate apex; hind trochanters hardly or not pro- duced (fig. 4, b) (genitalia fig. 7, e, f)---.-----_--- scoparia (LeConte) Sixth abdominal with a moderately high, strong, trans- verse carina, the latter slightly curved and running nearly total width of segment (fig. 2, e), edges of carina at each side of segment highly angulate; hind trochanters very strongly and narrowly produced (fig. 4, a) (genita- URES SICA OF Soa SU Tg CE AA et trochanter, new name Only outer front tarsal claw with a large and definite tooth ISI ROCLORESA MER UA Nes Sole a Aceves oie Sia on ery tee cave ere er ges, Fe 16 Both front tarsal claws with pectinations of approximately equal(size-and no teeth, before, apex. ..2: 252-2 0202 o2-2enccke 19 Sixth ventral with small, moderately dense granules; outer claw of middle tarsus usually with small subapical tooth; hair on abdomen (in lateral view) moderately long and fairly dense; pygidium highly polished, very convex (Genitalia dies Sj hye wee wks tas & a ice ees oa plena (Fall) Sixth ventral without trace of granules; outer claw without any larger tooth; hair of abdomen very short or obso- lete, rather sparse if present; pygidium usually with at least the basal half pruinose, slightly to moderately GOT C Xie rena ne Seek Sapa ek, ee NO Ge eee SL ey ee ae Se aad 17 Genitalia in lateral view with entire apical margin evenly and slightly reflexed: (fig:'8) d—f)__ 5 we mucorea (LeConte) Genitalia in lateral view with apical margin only slightly refiexed) and that at about-middle...- 2)... .2 22222 Se 18 Apical margin of genitalia in lateral view reflexed slightly below center into a short lobe, remainder of margin not TOMEXECy NG Sing vce as a es ee eyes Se a pulcher (Linell) Apical one-third of margin reflexed; general form in lateral view (fig. 8, a) quite different from that of either pulcher ORBTUULCOT.EGs (GUC Gs os Cr) ea eet te ee en reinhardi, new species Elytra testaceous, prothorax rufous; surface never prui- nose; clypeus and head very densely punctured; antennal club obviously longer than the funicle; sixth abdominal Wit DcepAlonelvudinel sulcus: eecee ek ed suite Se 20 Elytra rufobrunneous to rufopiceous, usually at least slightly pruinose, especially on elytra; clypeus and front moderately densely, not rugosely punctate; sixth ab- dominal without or with but a very faint indication of a longitudinal sulcus; antennal club equal to, or shorter them ptumicleste Gane be Aerie Okey ALAR cele eng Tce Ae NE cee ee 21 Antennal club equal to funicle or not more than one-fifth longer than the latter; clypeus plane at center base (geni- Caiaeh oo OS gd) eee sete eee kee eee x he flavipennis (Horn) Antennal club one-fourth to one-third longer than funicle; clypeus usually strongly tumid at center base, at least noticeably so (genitalia fig. 10, e-h)____________- granti, new species Elytra coarsely punctured and rugose, never more than faintly pruinose; thorax rufocastaneous; sixth abdominal segment with longitudinal sulcus moderately impressed, 66 22 (21). 23 (3). 24 (23). 25 (23). 26 (25). 27 (26). 28 (25). PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 without traces of lateral oblique carinae (genitalia fig. G5 G=@) ee ee ee eee soe te disparilis (Horn) Elytra always pruinose, usually markedly and densely so, usually finely punctate and hardly rugose; sixth ab- dominal segment with a much deeper impressed sulcus each side of which is a faint, lateral, oblique impression__________- 22 Genitalia in en face view with upper margin deeply emar- ginate each side between center top and point of great- est width (fig. 7, a—-d); in lateral view apical margin is slightly reflexed at middle; lower apex of genital stem without bristles or with very small fine ones__huachuca, new species Genitalia in en face view gently curved each side of middle top to point of greatest width at each side (fig. 7, g—i); in lateral view apical margin is very strongly reflexed at middle; lower apex of genital stem with several to many long and rather coarse bristles_________- chapini, new species Tarsal claw definitely serrate (not pectinate) along two SELVA UTD She ess ae ee ee ane eee ee I ON ce 24 Tarsal claw serrate along only one margin (or hardly NOVICEADLY SO AU AML) Sho ON ee eee ee eee er ce es See 25 Front claws each with a strong tooth just before apex; thorax and base of elytra with very long, fine, erect hairs (genitaha he 100K tn) oe eee macmurryi, new species Front claws with subapical enlarged tooth absent, or rarely present and then on outer claw only; head and thorax subglabrous (genitalia fig. 10, 7-7)_._._.wickhami, new species Above densely pruinose, thorax apparently impunctate, or at least punctures hardly visible from above; glabrous EXCEPUTON Ely UL A see errs Le capes eae ey ays SE Neel iages te Ete EO 26 Pruinose or shining above, thorax usually punctate and shining (if pruinose then with long hair)___._-_---------------- 28 Elytra with long and dense hairs; clypeus and front with erect hair on entire disk; first segment of hind tarsus strongly expanded (fig. 4, d) (genitalia fig. 9, g-j) tarsalis (Schaeffer) Elytra with minute, hardly visible hairs; clypeus glabrous; first segment of hind tarsus usually but little expanded, at most becoming gradually wider apically (note: a variable character; always check genitalia)___._.-___.__-----_---- 27 First segment of hind tarsus strongly expanded just before the apex (fig. 4, f); thorax pruinose or not, puncturation always quite obvious; clypeus usually densely pilose (genitalia fig. 9, a-cye wie Ne Lee ee falsa LeConte (part) First segment of hind tarsus normal, not at all expanded toward apex; entire upper surface densely pruinose, the punctures of thorax hardly perceptible; clypeus nude or DGRTLVABO Bee = Se ne eee ee a ee te falsa nogales, new subspecies First segment of hind tarsus strongly expanded near apex, about twice as long as wide at apex; first segment of front tarsus with noticeable to large inner tooth____------------- 29 First segment normal, apparently a little expanded but al- ways about three to four times longer than width at apex; first segment of front tarsus without or with a very small INDer SPIN == aes Be ee ee hs ee on ae ee ee 32 29 (28). 30 (29). 31 (30). 32 (28). 33 (32). 34 (33). 35 (32). 36 (35). 37 (36). REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 67 Hind tibia with short sparse spines, these never more, and usually less, than one-third length of tibia; first segment of hind tarsus very suddenly widened at apex (fig. 4, f); hindsarsus sparsely hairya=22--2— ees falsa (LeConte) (part) Hind tibia with long, usually rather dense and fine hair on inner side, this hair often one-half as long as or longer than tibia; first segment of hind tarsus gradually widened from near base, and usually densely hairy, especially near First segment of front tarsus with very long spinelike pro- jection, width of segment at apex one-half or more its length (fig. 3, n), hind tarsus with first segment always expanded and from two to two and one-half times as long First segment of front tarsus with a small inner spine, width not more than one-third its length and usually less (fig. 3, 1); hind tarsus with first segment usually but little expanded and not less than three times as long as wide at apex (genitalia fig. 9, k—n)__ ----- fimbripes (LeConte) (part) Aedeagus in lateral view with two teeth on lower margin (Cio agg) ee ee ree oe eS koehleriana, new species Aedeagus in lateral view with a single bluntly rounded lobe in place of the two approximate teeth (fig. 11, e-g). neomexicana, new species Abdomen transversely tumid, often markedly so (fig. 2, c); hind tibia with moderately long and often rather dense and fine aairss (CXCep ule PartlTs) ea eee ee ee ee 33 Abdomen flat or nearly so (fig. 2, 6); hind tibia with moder- ately coarse and sparse hairs, usually without long or finethairse(except pentnsulanzs) a ate ee a eee a0 Thorax strongly pruinose; entire dorsal surface with mod- erately long and erect hair (genitalia fig. 11, A”-). opacicollis (Horn) Thorax shining, not pruinose; pilose above but thorax in greatepart, glabrous;especially on disk. 4) 22 bose jet 228 3 34 Hind tarsus and tibia with thickened, almost spinelike hairs, without any long fine cilia; thorax and pygidium strongly shining (genitalia fig. 11, o-r)_-._.---_----- parilis (Bates) Hind tarsus and tibia with long, often dense, fine cilia; thorax and pvgidium dull to moderately shining (geni- taliat hig, Oita pets ariiyag 2 sel tesieits fimbripes (LeConte) (part) Elytra with very short and dense erect hairs; thorax very densely, coarsely, and entirely, punctate; clypeus trape- zoidal, angles sharp and entire apical margin reflexed (cenitaliatiios Sy hat)ee eee ee eee 8 peninsularis, new species Elytra with very sparse, short, procumbent hair, or glab- rous; thorax moderately punctured; clypeus with angles noticesbly rowing eds! cis a es eed ec Teel Blas sees sedan OR 6 We, 35 All claws with moderately strong submedian tooth______--------- 37 All claws without any larger intercalated tooth (except frontioutertclawiimiterensis) 2s Jeti s see yh Lee ego f Rk Ss 39 Thorax rufotestaceous, moderately sparsely punctate, with large median impunctate area; lateral margins of 219855—40-—_2 68 38 (37). 39 (36). 40 (39). PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 89 thorax with long cilia; clypeal suture very faintly bi- arcuate; antennal club one-third longer than funicle____________~- 38 Thorax rufous, densely punctate, with little or no trace of a median impunctate area; lateral margins of thorax with short cilia; clypeal suture strongly biarcuate, im- pressed; antennal club subequal to funicle (genitalia Tie Oe da lise see eeu Sate Oe a eee Pe cushmani, new species Sides of genitalia in en face view thickened near apex, not open to base through middle (fig. 6, g, h)_-__-__- duncani (Barrett) Genitalia in en face view thickened all along the median line and open through the middle (fig. 6, e, f)_.__ arizona, new species All claws without a larger intercalated tooth; pygidium DIAN! OL V Oly COL VON oe cna tars a oe ye tel ety eg ey nme one Rc yO PAS 40 Outer front claw with a larger intercalated tooth, inner claw without such tooth; pygidium normally convex; sides of thorax subangularly dilated, margin very coarse- ly crenate (genitalia fig. 10, m—o)_.--_.________ texensis, new species Pygidium very convex, densely and coarsely punctate and shining, with short procumbent hair; sixth abdominal segment plane (genitalia fig. 6, k—-n)_____________ scuticeps (Bates) Pygidium plane, very sparsely and finely punctate, with minute hair, surface subopaque; sixth abdominal with a short and truncate lobe at middle (fig. 2, b)____-.-... senex (Horn) KEY TO THE FEMALES OF LISTROCHELUS (The females of L. cavata, neomexicana, cushmani, snowi, and duncani are either 2 (1). 3 (2). 4 (1). 5 (4). 6 (4). unknown or, for reasons explained later, not included) . All tarsal claws serrate or pectinate along a single margin; without any intercalated larger teeth..._..2.1_-_-42_-24__._-__- 2 Claws variable, one or both of those of front tarsus with a much larger tooth among serrations or pectinations________--_--- 4 Glabreusiaibaved( Texas) = 22 2805 7. hk aoe eee uae LO senex (Horn) At least elytra densely hairy (Lower California)_._.._____.-_-_--_- 3 Claws pectinate; clypeus reflexed at center apex, angles broadly no um Gece 2 sa cage eee ha poner naa pilosipes, new name Claws minutely serrate; entire clypeal apex strongly re- flexed, angles very sharply indicated______- peninsularis, new species Thorax opaque, punctures not or hardly visible from a straight dorsal view; disk glabrous except at sides___._---------- 5 Thorax always distinctly punctured and usually highly polished; if opaque then with dense hairs______.__-_-__.---------- 6 Elytra with long dense hair; first segment of hind tarsus somewhat expanded at apex (fig. 3, m); first front tarsal segment with a strong inner spine, width of segment at apexsoné-half of itsilengthee2 $). 2.) paar ee tarsalis (Schaeffer) Elytra with minute hair, or glabrous; first segment of hind tarsus normal; first segment of front tarsus with a sharp but small inner spine, the width of segment at apex scarcely two-fifths its length__________ falsa nogales, new subspecies Entire dorsal surface highly pruinose and densely hairy; pygidium convex, polished, not impressed___-___ opacicollis (Horn) a (6): 8 (7). 9 (8). £0) (7). 11 (10). 12 (11). 13 (12). REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 69 Thoracic disk usually glabrous, if slightly hairy then pygidial apex with a longitudinal impression_______._----------- i Dorsal surface shining, rarely elytra pruinose; serration of claws feeble) to, moderate; size JO-12 mm__-.._--..-.-1__.--__- 8 Dorsal surface and claws variable; size 13 mm. or more__-------_- 10 Form elongate, parallel; glabrous above or nearly so; pygidium plane, very coarsely and densely punctate, NOUN Pressed .e 4h awa nts BES eek Bet ee eet timida (Horn) Form robust-oval; elytra and head (at times thorax also) hersutes eo! os oS et ea ES ee eh eS 9 Pygidium plane, finely punctate, not at all impressed; Clytraspnilinose 2a ease oe oe ete arizona, new species Pygidium polished, finely punctate, apical third with a deep longitudinal impression; elytra, shining_-- macmurryi, new species Pygidium flat or nearly so in basal three-fourths and usu- ally densely pruinose, with at least the apical fifth always raised slightly to strongly, and usually polished; dorsal surface usually, or quite frequently, pruinose (note: the Lower California mirajflora of the following couplet has the basal half of the pygidium pruinose and slightly con- vex, the apical balf highly polished and evenly convex, thexcenteridiskithusishiehtly foveate).—-- 9-2-2. 4 ek ee 11 Basal half at least of pygidium always convex, usually noticeably so, if at all flattened then surface smooth, highly polished, and without an apical raised portion_-_--------- 16 Pygidial apex very strongly gibbose (especially in lateral view) and surface very coarsely rugose, with dense, short hairs; claws serrate along a double margin__-_- scoparia (LeConte) Pygidial apex variable, not at all gibbose, usually smooth gndipolished jandidenselyppruinose: 222-2. ee ee ee 12 Pygidium strongly flattened and polished in apical third to half, with a definite longitudinal impression in polished area; large intercalated tooth of tarsal claws always nearly apical in position; inner hind tarsal claws without alancernmatercalated toot nesses ss ee ee ee eee 13 Pygidium not flattened apically, the polished raised area at and before apex polished but transverse (fig. 8, m—o) and without any impressed line, large tooth of claws median in position; hind claws each with a strong median tooth__----__--_-- 14 Pygidium with basal hairs short and inconspicuous; apical fourth very highly polished and sparsely, finely punctate, the latter area glabrous or nearly so___________-_-----pulcher (Linell) Pygidium more densely pruinose and hairy in basal three- fourths, hairs a little longer; apical fourth less highly polished, more densely punctate, with short hairs. mucorea (LeConte) . Lateral thorax margins behind median dilation straight or nearly so; form robust and surface usually shining; pygidium with raised smooth area in apical sixth only and this area not strongly V-shaped (fig. 8, m)----- disparilis (Horn) Thorax sinuate behind dilation; form elongate and sub- parallel, surface usually moderately to densely pruinose; 70 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 89 raised smooth area of pygidium occupying apical third, or if in apical sixth only, then strongly V-shaped_____------_------ 15 15 (14). Apical sixth of pygidium raised, polished, and strongly V-shaped (figs: Sr) 222 be CD, GF huachuca, new species Apical third of pygidium raised, polished and only very slightly V-shaped, at times somewhat irregular in out- line’ (ie. 'S; oye, Aa eI chapini, new species 16 (10). Base of clypeus transversely raised, usually very coarsely punctate; larger intercalated tooth subapical in position (Lower: California) 2 ee festa UA a tw ote es RO 17 Clypeus never gibbose, always plane, puncturation variable (United States) xc ses25 52-423 Wes 952 5 eee eS Nee 20 17 (16). Pygidium in lateral view with basal half slightly convex and highly pruinose, apical half highly polished, evenly and strongly convex, and center disk with a small shallow fovea; front flat, not rugose, rather sparsely punctate; thorax densely, not rugosely, punctate; elytral hair very short and searcely obvious; dorsal genital plate deeply concave before apex and center base prolonged into a blunt, semierect lobe (figs. 13, e-f)_-----_---- miraflora, new species Pygidium variable, but not as above; front coarsely punc- tate and usually coarsely rugose; thorax rugosely punc- tate or not; elytral hair longer and more obvious than in miraflora; dorsal genital plate smooth or at most trans- versely impressed before apex and usually incompletely 18 (17). Pygidium convex at base, apical half strongly flattened to faintly concave and smooth; dorsal genita] plate in lateral view suddenly declivous just before apex (fig. 138, a—b); thoracie disk densely punctate but never ru- pose, ‘highly polished =! 2-2. POs. oes michelbacheri, new species Pygidium variable, not as above; dorsal genital plate in lateral view without subapical declivity or latter, if present, always very indefinitely indicated; thoracic disk rugose Or not <4 222 ss =. = SEE ee ee SO Ae oe 19 19 (18). Thorax densely punctate, never rugose; dorsal genital plate in lateral view always smooth (figs. 13, g—h); pygidium variable, center of disk always gibbose and frequently gibbosity slightly to moderately flattened at middle, at times with a trace of a longitudinal sulcus. carminator (Horn) Thorax always coarsely rugose; dorsal genital plate usually with a fine, incomplete, subapical impression, rarely en- tire plate smooth (figs. 13, c—d); pygidium highly variable, varying from faintly convex, with center disk flattened, to center disk faintly coneave to moderately foveate, or even longitudinally suleate at middle; disk never so con- vex at middle, however, as in carminaior____---- densicollis (LeConte) 20 (16). Pygidium highly polished, very finely punctate, glabrous; apex explanately prolonged into two rounded toothlike lobes, separated by a narrow U-shaped notch_----- micros (Bates) Pygidfum not exactly as abovelo ns Cue SOR IIOS Esse = 21 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 29 (20). (21). (22). (23). (23). (25). (26). (27). (28). REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 74 Pygidium polished, finely punctate, nearly glabrous (except under high power); apex gibbose and slightly overhanging itself in lateral view, apical margin with two small and very obtuse teeth, separated by a broad and shallow emargination (fig. 4, c)_-------.--- meadei, new species PVpiGiinunoOHeKxactly ASADOVes..-- 222 os eee cane 22 Apex of fifth abdominal segment with a broad and moder- ately deep emargination; pygidial disk and dorsal surface highly polished; larger tarsal tooth subapical in PGRUCNA a Set et A a 2 cit hs = cochisa, new species Apex of fifth abdominal segment entire, not at all emar- ETN EA a ee Nt ee a ee 23 Larger teeth of front tarsal claws subapical in position; eluira gensely prainose.. uta) ses he ei elo eee 24 Teeth of front tarsal claws always median in position or NeATly~SO-pLuINOsityaVatiawlele 952 si). Be 2 eee ea = 25 Pygidium and thorax highly and entirely polished, not at all pruinose; inner hind tarsal claw usually with a larger intercalated tooth (this frequently worn) (Arizona)_-plena (Fall) Pygidium and thorax always pruinose, at least in part; inner hind tarsal claw always without a larger tooth (Rex as) ee Sea Bie Ee eee ee reinhardi, new species Pygidium noticeably flattened and densely hairy, basal half pruinose, disk densely, coarsely, and rugosely punctate, apex broadly rounded; elytra with moderately long to short, erect hairs (Arizona)_-------- trochanter, new name Pycidiumi pvariable: meyer as abo0vers 2) 22-- 52-22 a ae ee 26 Base of clypeus noticeably tumid, pygidium flat to slightly convex, surface coarsely rugose, slightly polished and with dense short hairs, apex with coarse spines, all claws subpectinate along a double row (Arizona)_----granti, new species Base of clypeus flat, pygidium convex, surface polished, NON Gia DECRbLOL PTENCM be. 2 84 oan Ee a ee ee ae 27 Thorax more than twice as wide as long, lateral margin behind median dilation straight or slightly sinuate; center base of pygidium with slight but noticeable fovea at point of juncture with propygidium; elytra always at Least ALPitIvaTrUINORG TY] en en eee See ee 28 Thorax scarcely twice as wide as long, lateral margins straight or nearly so posteriorly; center base of pygi- dium not impressed; elytra and dorsal surface shining TOISIPNCLY PTUNOS. 220 > Oe te Fs eee ee ee 31 Pygidium broadly rounded to semirounded apically, disk strongly convex; thoracic disk never with hair except at sides; first hind tarsal segment frequently much wider AGmapex sel 2 deel ere eal a es ee falsa (LeConte) Pygidial sides noticeably convergent apically, apex trun- cate, usually markedly so; usually with at least some hair Gn disk, at times this rubbed offos 5. <4 Lea eeu 29 First front tarsal segment with a strong inner spine, width of segment at apex nearly one-half total length (fig. 3, n); elytral area near suture with moderately dense, long, erect hairs (New Mexico)_..__.___-_----- koehleriana, new species 72 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 Front tarsal spine weak, the width of segment at apex about a third of total length (fig. 3, 2); long hairs on elytra: variable mdense: Or mOsm ae see nee ant en een 30 30 (29). Pygidium and propygidium moderately finely and regularly punctate, with short erect hairs; sides of thorax behind median dilation nearly straight; thorax moderately densely and not finely punctate_______________ fimbripes (LeConte) Pygidium and propygidium more sparsely and _ finely punctate, hair if present hardly noticeable; thorax behind middle slightly sinuate, thoracic disk very finely ANG MOtTCENSELY PUDeUA Gee. hee ee eee Sorry Meee ee Mee ees parilis (Bates) 31 (27). Pygidium convex and with moderately dense short hairs; claw serrate along a single margin; lateral thoracic mar- gins very coarsely crenate, disk very convex (Texas and Mexico) St aoe 2 VSO Pe See Sew Ooew Rene wenn scuticeps (Bates) Pygidium variable, with at most very short and sparse 1. elt lag alee Dp iy at Poe. Apu AL eh GLE LI Be eS 32 32 (31). Pygidium moderately convex, very highly polished, and very finely punctate; abdominal hairs moderately dense at center and of moderate length; all claws serrate to subpectinate along a double margin; entire lateral thoracic margin coarsely crenate (Arizona and New IMGXICO) ere a eco eC Lee eC es iO flavipennis (Horn) Pygidium flat to slightly convex, highly polished, and finely punctate; abdominal hairs very fine and hardly obvious; all claws serrate along a single margin_______________- 33 33 (32). Lateral thoracic margins behind median dilation entire; front extremely densely and coarsely punctate; clypeal angles narrowly rounded; prevailing color dark piceo- CAS UAINCOUIS sare tee ee oe ere etree ee nee ee eee texensis, new species Lateral thoracic margins behind the dilation crenate; front densely to sparsely punctate; clypeal angles broadly rounded; prevailing color rufocastaneous to FULOLESTACEOUB SY Sere Loe ok eee eee wickhami, new species Genus PHYLLOPHAGA Harris Subgenus LISTROCHELUS Blanchard PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) MIRAFLORA, new species Fraurss 5, i-n; 13, e-f Male.—Elongate, head and thorax strongly shining, elytra strongly pruinose, with short, sparse, scarcely noticeable hair, otherwise glabrous above. Color rufocastaneous to rufopiceous, the thorax usually the darkest. Clypeus flat, base rarely a little elevated but never gibbose, disk closely and moderately coarsely punctured; apex subtruncate, faintly to slightly reflexed, sides nearly straight, the angles narrowly rounded. Front flat, sparsely to moderately densely punctate, not rugose. Antenna 10-segmented, club of lighter color than the funicle and subequal to the latter in length. Prothorax regularly punctate, the punctures separated by one to one and one- REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR (3 half times their diameters on the disk, the punctures somewhat closer at sides and along the frontal margin; basal margin entire; front angles strongly rounded, hind angles obtuse, lateral margins entire or faintly crenulate. Elytra finely, not densely, punctate, with striae subobsolescent in basal half, sutural stria normal; in a few specimens there is a weakly indicated second stria. Pygidium strongly and evenly convex, basal half or third pruinose, the apical portion highly polished; disk sparsely and finely punctate, with very short erect hairs. Abdomen flattened at middle and finely sparsely punctate; sixth segment longer than the preceding, flattened nearly from side to side, the flat area with fine scabrose punctures and very short, sparse, and erect hairs. Ali claws strongly pectinate along a single margin, without any larger intercalated teeth. First segment of hind tarsus shorter than the second. Larger hind tibial spur usuaily one-fourth longer than the first tarsal segment. Female.—Antennal club slightly shorter than the funicle; pygidium convex and pruinose in basai half, apical half strongly convex and highly polished, the center disk with a small, shallow foveate area; abdomen highly polished at middle, subconvex in lateral view, the apical segment moderately densely and finely punctate. All claws pectinate along a single margin and each with a subapical, larger, in- tercalated tooth. Otherwise similar to the male. Length—13-17 mm. Width.—5.5-6.5 mm. Types.—The holotype male is from “‘5 miles S. of Miraflores, Lower Catifornia, collected VII-10-38 by Ross and Michelbacher’’; the allotype female is from ‘‘Miraflores, collected VII-8-38” also by Ross and Michelbacher; both types are in the California Academy of Sciences. Paratypes: Lowrr Catirornia: 2 from Miraflores; 21 from Triunfo, July 7, 1938 (Ross and Michelbacher), and from 6 miles north of Triunfo, July 15, 1938; 2 from 5 miles west of San Bartola, July 13, 1938 (Ross and Michelbacher). Designated paratypes are in the collections of the California Academy of Sciences, the United States National Museum (No. 53758), Messrs. Ross and Michel- bacher, Mont Cazier, and in the Saylor collection. Remarks.—This interesting species at first glance resembles those of the densicollis complex very closely, but the key characters will readily separate the various species concerned. The male genitalia of the present species are asymmetrical and tend toward the more tubular type but are still somewhat similar to those of densicollis; in the female miraflora the dorsal genital plate has been modified con- siderably though still maintaining the basic type of the densicollis group. 74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 89 There is considerable variation in the male genitalia, each type of small variation being limited, however, to one general region (see fig. 5, i-n); since these variations are only in degree and since there appears to be no other internal or external differences, I believe this aggregation of specimens is better treated as a single variable species. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) DENSICOLLIS (LeConte) Fieurss 5, e, f; 138, c, d Listrochelus densicollis LEContE, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 6, No. 167, p. 77, 1863.—Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 7, p. 143, 1878. Male.—Elongate, wider behind, elytra rather dull brown and moderately densely pruinose; thorax and head rufopiceous, moderately shining. Head glabrous, coarsely, rugosely, and densely punctate; transverse carina of vertex rather noticeable; clypeus very tumid at center of base, the tumosity densely and coarsely punctured; apex of clypeus subtruncate, very slightly emarginate, the angles narrowly rounded, margins but little reflexed; front very coarsely and closely punctate. Antenna 10-segmented, the club very slightly longer than the funicle. Prothorax densely, subrugosely, and (in front) coarsely punctured, lateral margins with long cilia, the margin in front of the median lateral dilation coarsely crenate, that behind the dilation entire; hind angles subangularly rounded, the front angles noticeably rounded; front and basal margins strong and entire. Elytra punctured as thorax, with short, inconspicuous, yellow hairs in the punctures; striae, except the sutural, hardly obvious. Pygidium very convex, strongly shining, with fine, moderate-sized, and dense punctures and with short, scattered, and suberect hair; apex subrounded. Abdomen flattened at middle, polished, sparsely pilose; fifth segment shorter than fourth, plane; sixth segment rather large, strongly convex, and with a very large and broad, moderately deep fovea in the middle, the surface with sparse, moderately long, and erect hair. All claws pectinate along a single margin, the pectinations large and of uniform size; first segment of hind tarsus much shorter than the second, hind tarsus scarcely longer than its tibia. Genitalia as in figure 5, ey. Female Antennal club three-fourths the length of the funicle; elytra markedly pruinose. Pygidium convex, moderately densely punctate, with short erect hairs; disk pruinose in basal half and polished in apical portion, the apical margin slightly explanate (the disk in the apical half is more densely punctate, and either tumid or faintly and longitudinally impressed at the center). Abdomen polished, slightly convex; sixth segment slightly convex, moderately densely and setigerously punctate. All claws subpectinate along a single margin, with a large triangular tooth beyond the middle (i. e., REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR ¥5 subapical). Genitalia as in figure 13, c,d. Otherwise similar to the male. Length —15-16.5 mm. Width—7-8 mm. Type—Female, from Cape San Lucas, in the LeConte collection. Specimens examined.—Males, 116; females, 74. Lowrr Cati- FORNIA: San Felipe, August (Beyer) [U.S.N.M.] and [Robinson]; Santa Rosa [U.S.N.M.]; 6 miles north of Triunfo, July 15, 1938 [Ross and Michelbacher]; Triunfo, July 15, 1938; San Bartola, July [Say- lor]; 5 miles west of San Bartola, July 13, 1938 [Ross and Michelbacher]; 3 miles north of San Pedro, July 6, 1938 [Ross and Michelbacher]. Remarks.—The majority of the specimens are those collected by Ross and Michelbacher and are the first adequate series ever assembled for study; previously the species was known in the major collections of the country by less than two dozen specimens. The pygidium of the female varies somewhat within the species and may be evenly convex or convex and slightly and longitudinally impressed. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) CARMINATOR (Horn) Fiaures 5, a-c; 13, 9, h Listrochelus carminator Horn, Proc. California Acad. Sci., ser. 2, vol. 4, p. 398, 1894. Male.—Very similar in most respects to densicollis, differing most conspicuously as follows: Thoracic disk less densely punctate and usually with an impunctate area; transverse clypeal carina less densely punctate. The genitalia in an en face-dorsal view are slightly to strongly expanded outwardly, while the upper tooth as viewed laterally is fairly short, as is shown in figure 5, b, c. Female.—Essentially the same as in densicollis, but with the thorax densely punctate and never rugosely so; the dorsal genital plate in lateral view is always smooth. The pygidium is variable, with the center of the disk always gibbose, frequently the gibbosity slightly to moderately flattened at the middle and at times with traces of a longitudinal sulcus. Genitalia as in figure 13, g, h. Length—15-17 mm. Width.—7-8 mm. Type.—Male, from ‘San Jose del Cabo,” in the Horn collection. Specimens examined.—Males, 24; females, 25. Lowrr Ca.tror- nIA: Santa Rosa [U.S.N.M.]; San Felipe, July 10, 1938; Santiago on July 8, 1938, and 10 miles southwest of San Jose del Cabo on July 9, 1938 [all Ross and Michelbacher]. Remarks.—Closely allied to L. densicollis but separable by the key characters. The very short upper tooth of the male genitalia is a 219855—40 ) Vv 76 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 89 good distinguishing character. The rugosity of the thorax varies somewhat in carminator, as well as in densicollis and michelbacheri, but most specimens will readily fall into the proper couplets in the keys. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) MICHELBACHERI, new species Figures 5, g, h; 13, a, 6 Male.—Very similar in all characters to carminator, except as fol- lows: The genitalia in lateral view (fig. 5, g, h) have the upper and lower teeth of approximately the same size, while in en face-dorsal view the genitalia are expanded outwardly toward the sides, and the upper teeth are much longer than in carminator. Female.—Exactly similar to carminator, except that the pygidium is convex at the base, with the apical half strongly flattened to faintly concave, and smooth. In lateral view the dorsal plate of the genitalia (fig. 13, a, b) is suddenly declivous just before the apex. The thoracic disk is densely punctate and highly polished, but never rugose. Length—14-17 mm. Width.—7-8 mm. Types.—Holotype male and allotype female are from ‘20 mi. N. of. Comondu, Lower California, collected VII-23-38 by Ross and Michelbacher” and are in the California Academy of Sciences. Para- types are in the collections of the California Academy of Sciences, U.S. National Museum (No. 53759), Messrs. Ross and Michelbacher, Mont Cazier, and in the Saylo recollection. Named in honor of the collector, Dr. Abe Michelbacher, of the University of California, Department of Entomology. Paratypes: Males, 61; females, 30. Lowsrr Cauirornia: 20 miles north of Comondu, July 23, 1938; 15 miles west of La Paz, July 5, 1938; Venancia, July 17, 1938; 15 miles west of San Ignacio, July 26, 1938; San Domingo, July 19, 1938; 15 miles north of El Refugio, July 4, 1938; 12 miles south of Santa Rosalia July 27, 1938; and 25 miles south of San Rosalia, July 25, 1938 (all Ross and Michelbacher) ; Palmarita, September 1923 (Wm. Mann) [U.S.N.M.]. Remarks.—The pygidium of the female is very characteristic and will set off this sex immediately from the others of the complex. The male is most readily distinguished by the use of the genital characters since the external characters are close to those of carminator and densicollis and are less obvious without careful study. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) PILOSIPES, new name Fieurs 11, -n Listrochelus puberulus LeContr, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 6, p. 78, 1863 (homonym of puberulus du Val, 1851).—Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 7, p. 142, 1878. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR EL. Male.—Robust-oval, much wider behind, entire dorsal surface moderately shining and with dense, very short, and erect hairs. Head very densely, coarsely, and rugosely punctate, the transverse carina of the vertex sharply defined, the surface posterior to the carina with dense, moderately coarse, and transverse tumosities; clypeal suture nearly straight, clypeus nearly hexagonal, apex truncate and very strongly reflexed, sides straight and strongly convergent apically, the angles narrowly rounded. Antenna 10-segmented, club two-thirds the length of the funicle. Thorax punctured like head but more densely so; lateral margins with long, dense cilia, and the entire margin finely crenulate; hind angles obtuse, front angles subrounded; base and apex with a strong and entire marginal line. Elytra punctured as thorax. Pygidium convex, pruinose, densely and moderately coarsely punctate, with moderately long erect hair. Abdomen flattened, subpruinose, with moderately dense hair; fifth segment twice the length of the sixth and very densely setigerously punctate; sixth segment very slightly convex, rugosely and setigerously punctate. All claws pectinate along a single margin. First segment of hind tarsus equal in length to the second. Female.—Length of the antenna and all other characters are practically the same as in the male except that the abdomen is some- what more convex. Length.—12.5-15.5 mm. Waidth.—6.5-7. mm. Type.—F¥rom “Cape San Lucas, Lower California,’ in the LeConte collection. Specimens examined.—Males, 13; females, 12. Lowsrr Catr- FORNIA: Santa Rosa [U.S.N.M. and Robinson]; Triunfo, July 13, 1938 (Ross and Michelbacher); Miraflores and San Bartola, July 10-13, 1938 (Ross and Michelbacher). Remarks.—Known only from Lower California and uncommon in collections. Not close to any other species of the genus in either external characters or male genitalia except the new species L. penin- sularis, described herein. The specimens from Triunfo are more sparsely pubescent on the abdomen than are those from either Miraflores or San Bartola, but the genital and other characters appear to be essentially similar in all the specimens. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) PENINSULARIS, new species FIGURE 38, h, 7 Male.—Small, wider behind, above with sparse and short erect hair, that of the thorax minute; color rufocastaneous and shining, the thorax more rufous. Head with entire surface of front coarsely and variolately punctate; transverse carina of the vertex very sharply 78 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 defined, the surface behind the carina sparsely punctate and much more sparsely so at the occiput; clypeal sulcus nearly straight, not impressed ; clypeus nearly trapezoidal in shape, sides straight and con- vergent apically, apex sharply and markedly reflexed, truncate, the angles very narrowly rounded; clypeal disk flat, slightly less densely punctured than the front. Antenna 10-segmented, rufotestaceous, the club testaceous and very slightly longer than the funicle. Thorax subangulately dilated at about the middle of the lateral margins, the margin ciliate and slightly crenulate; front and hind angles well defined but obtuse; disk coarsely and densely punctate, the punctures closer near sides and front margins, with a small mediobasal impunc- tate area. Elytra very coarsely, not densely, but regularly punctured, striae except the sutural not obvious. Pygidium convex, semi- pruinose, entire surface coarsely and moderately densely punctate, with moderately long erect hair; apex ciliate and subtruncately rounded. Abdomen polished and somewhat flattened at middle, sparsely punctured with erect hair; fifth segment moderately densely and piliferously punctate; sixth shorter than fifth, moderately densely and somewhat coarsely punctate. All claws very finely, hardly noticeably serrate along a single margin, with no larger intercalated teeth. Female.—Very similar to male in all respects except that the antennal club is slightly shorter than the funicle and the abdomen in lateral view is slightly convex instead of flattened. Length—10-11 mm. Width—5-5.5 mm. Types.—Holotype male and allotype female from ‘“‘Purissima, Lower California, collected October 23 by W. M. Mann,” are in the United States National Museum (No. 53760). Paratypes: One female, same data, in the Saylor collection. Remarks.—This new species shows the slightly asymmetrical male genitalia characteristics of the Lower Californian ZL. pilosipes Saylor, and the two together form a group that can be confused with no other species groups in the genus; the dense short hair and coarse punctura- tion of the entire dorsal surface as well as the asymmetrical male genitalia readily characterize the group. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) TROCHANTER, new name Ficures 2, e; 4, a; 9, d-f Listrochelus gracilis Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 12, p. 128, 1885 (pre- occupied by Burm, 1855, and Nonfried, 1891). Male.—Oblong-oval, sides somewhat subparallel. Head and thorax shining rufous, elytra and legs rufocastaneous, the former moderately pruinose. Head densely, not coarsely punctured, glabrous, the clypeal suture not impressed; transverse carina of vertex sharp and = REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—-SAYLOR 19 conspicuous; clypeal apex subtruncate, rather strongly reflexed, angles rather broadly but not suddenly rounded. Antenna 10-segmented (rarely 9-segmented), the club about subequal to funicle. Thorax highly polished, finely, densely, and regularly punctured; sides with long cilia, and crenulate in front of the median dilation only; hind angles angularly rounded, front angles slightly rounded; front and basal marginal lines strongly indicated. Elytra punctured as thorax but less densely so, with moderately long and suberect hairs; costae, except sutural, obsolete. Pygidium very convex, polished, sparsely and finely punctate, with very short and erect hair. Abdomen flat- tened, and moderately densely, but finely, subgranulate at center; fifth segment equal in length to fourth; sixth three times the length of the fifth, raised rather conspicuously at each side into a prominence that forms the side of the very wide and sharp transverse carina, the latter slightly curved and extending practically from side to side of the segment, the remainder of the sixth segment flattened, polished, and very finely, sparsely punctate. All claws subpectinate along two margins, the front outer claws alone having a larger triangular tooth near the apex. Hind trochanter strongly prolonged behind the femur into a spinelike projection (fig. 4,a@). First segment of hind tarsi longer than the second, all hind tarsal segments except the last with very dense hair below. Female.—More robust, thorax more rufopiceous. Antenna three- fourths the length of the funicle. Pygidium flattened to slightly con- cave at center, pruinose and densely, finely punctate in basal two- thirds and highly polished and more coarsely punctate apically; sur- face with dense, erect, moderately long hairs; disk just before apex faintly tumid. Claws serrate along two (high power, 20) margins, with a moderately large triangular tooth at the center of each, the inner claw of the hind tarsi, however, with the median larger tooth absent. Hind trochanter hardly produced. Otherwise similar to male. Length —13.5-17 mm. Width—6-7 mm. Type.—From “Arizona,” in the Horn collection. Specimens examined: Males, 26; females, 11. Arizona: Seen from a rather limited area in the southeastern part of the State, embracing Graham (Oracle), Pima (Tucson), Cochise, and Santa Cruz (Nogales) Counties; July and August. Remarks.—Kasily distinguished in the male sex by the strongly produced hind trochanters and the abdominal armature, which have no counterpart in the described species of the genus. This species, together with L. scoparia LeConte, L. gentryi Saylor, and L. terminalis Saylor, forms a group of the genus having in the males oddly formed fifth abdominal segments and densely pilose hind tarsal segments; in 80 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 89 the latter character the group approaches the subgenus Chlaenobia, though the tarsal claws in the two subgenera are of course quite dis- similar. The present species varies somewhat in the number of antennal segments but this is not at all uncommonly met with especially in the more typical members of the genus (Phyllophaga sensu stricto). PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) SCOPARIA (LeConte) Vicurss 2, d; 3, g; 4, b, e; 7, e, f Listrochelus scoparius LeContE, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, vol. 3, p. 264, 1856.—Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 7, p. 142, 1878.— Bates, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 173, 1888. Male.—Oblong-oval, rufocastaneous, thorax more rufous; elytra slightly to markedly pruinose, with scattered pile. Head with a strong transverse carina on the vertex, front densely, moderately finely punctate; clypeus longer than front, less densely punctured; apex slightly reflexed, subtruncate and faintly emarginate, angles narrowly rounded. Antenna 10-segmented, club slightly longer than, or subequal to, the funicle. Labrum deeply bilobed. Thorax finely, regularly, and moderately densely punctured, glabrous except for a few minute hairs near basal margin; angles rounded in front, obtuse behind; lateral margins ciliate, coarsely crenulate, less so in basal half; base and apex both strongly margined. Elytra punctured as thorax, with moderately sparse, short, erect hairs; striae except sutural not evident. Pygidium strongly convex, finely, moderately densely punctured, with short suberect hairs; surface somewhat pruinose; apex wide and truncate, apical margin thickened. Abdomen with segments 1—5 inclusive flattened at middle and sparsely, finely punc- tured and pubescent; fifth segment with a small, triangular-shaped, elevated, plateaulike area beginning in apical half and continuing to the apical margin; sixth segment much larger than fifth, with a very strong transverse carina at middle, the carina deeply incised and form- ing at its ends two strong toothlike lobes, surface in basal half of sixth sparsely punctured, nonpilose, that of apical half moderately densely punctate and with rather long, erect hair. Hind tarsus only as long as the tibia and rather densely pilose below. Hind tibia somewhat more densely pilose on the inner side than in most of the species of the subgenus. All claws pectinate on a double margin, without larger intermixed teeth. Female.—Antennal club shorter than funicle. Pygidium flat in basal two-thirds, abruptly gibbose in apical third, the latter very coarsely and rugosely punctured, and polished; basal area highly pruinose, with dense and fine punctures, and moderately long, erect hair; pygidial disk in lateral view appearing rather concave. Abdomen REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 8l highly polished and evenly convex at middle, with fine and sparse setigerous punctures, the sixth and apical portion of the preceding segment slightly more coarsely punctate. All claws except the inner hind one with a sharp median tooth intercalated with the serrations, which occur in a double row; hind inner claw serrate but without the larger intermixed tooth. Hind tarsus only slightly pilose below. Otherwise similar to male. Length —13-17.5mm. Width.—5.5-9 mm. Type.—tIn the LeConte collection. Type locality —‘‘Sonora, near the Boundary line.” Specimens examined—Males 97; females, 63. Arizona: The range is rather general over the southern half of the State south of Prescott. June 6 (Sabino Canyon) to middle August (Buckeye). Taken on Olneya tesota (desert ironwood) by Ernest Holt at Higley. Remarks.—This very distinct and common species can be dis- tinguished in either sex probably more easily than any other of the group; the unusual abdominal armature and hairy hind tarsi of the male, as well as the pygidial characters of the female, are unique in the United States fauna. The male in abdominal armature is closely related only to the Mexican species L. terminalis Saylor and L. gentryi Saylor. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) DISPARILIS (Horn) Ficurss 1; 6, a—d; 8, m Listrochelus disparilis Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 7, p. 141, 1878. Male.—Elongate, subparallel, rufocastaneous, shining above, with or without faint pruinose markings on elytra. Head with transverse carina strong; front flat, densely, coarsely, and not confluently punc- tate, glabrous; clypeal suture fine, subarcuate, not impressed; clypeus punctured as front but much more densely so at center of disk; apex of clypeus subtruncate, angles moderately rounded, the margins slightly reflexed; clypeus as long as the front. Labrum very deeply, widely, semicircularly emarginate. Antenna 10-segmented, club small and slightly longer than funicle. Thorax broad, moderately densely, finely, irregularly punctured, more closely so at sides, disk glabrous; base and apex with strong marginal lines, lateral margins ciliate and coarsely crenate; hind angles nearly rectangular, front angles slightly obtuse but distinctly angulate. Elytra punctured as thorax but less densely so, first and second striae weakly indicated, sutural striae strong; surface of elytra with sparse, short, suberect hairs; lateral margin with long cilia. Pygidium strongly convex, highly polished, very finely, moderately densely punctate, with very short suberect hairs; apex truncate and broad. Abdomen very shallowly, widely, and longitudinally channeled at center, surface moderately 82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM von, 89 densely punctate at center, with short suberect bristles; fifth segment one-third longer than fourth; sixth segment a little shorter than fifth, with a deep longitudinal median sulcus, surface finely punctate, with short erect hairs, sides with numerous small, transverse, and sca- brous filelike elevations. Hind femur with a single transverse sub- marginal line of 8 or 9 strong spines set in punctures. All tarsal claws strongly pectinate along a double margin, without larger intercalated teeth. First segment of hind tarsus longer than the second. Female.—Antennal club shorter than funicle. Pygidium slightly convex and pruinose basally and somewhat concave and polished apically; apical margin a raised smooth area in the shape of a very wide-mouthed V and punctured near apex; entire disk with fine dense punctures, each with a short erect hair; disk just basad of the apical raised area somewhat rugose. Abdomen convex, highly polished and sparsely, finely punctate at middle; fifth segment depressed in apical fourth; sixth nearly as long as the preceding, flattened, with moder- ately coarse and dense setigerous punctures. All claws with a strong median tooth, the surface each side of the tooth serrate to subpectinate along a double margin. Otherwise similar to male. Length—16-20 mm. Width.—7-9 mm. Type.—tIn the Horn collection in Philadelphia. Type locality —‘‘Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona.” Specimens examined.—Males, 21; females, 23. Arizona: Central and eastern portions of the State, especially in the Flagstaff and Pres- cott areas, July and August. Co.orapo: Custer County (Cockerell) [U.S.N.M.]. New Mexico: Frequent around Las Vegas and the central areas of the State and seen also from Cloudcroft, August; Jemez Mountains on July 24 at 9,000 feet [Calif. Academy]. Mexico: “Mexico” [Casey and Saylor]. Remarks.—A wide-ranging species that cannot be easily confused with any other United States species except possibly in the female of L. huachuca and L. chapini; these latter two are easily separated by their much less robust form, much denser pruinosity, and the pygidial characters as given in the keys. The Mexican specimens are notice- ably hairier on the elytra in both sexes but are not otherwise different from the United States specimens. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) HUACHUCA, new species Fiaures 7, a—-d; 8, n; 13, 7 Male.—Strongly elongate, rufocastaneous, highly polished except for the densely pruinose elytra; head and thorax glabrous. Head with very dense and coarse variolate punctures; clypeal apex hardly reflexed, subtruncate, the angles broadly rounded; transverse carina of the vertex moderately strongly indicated, surface behind the latter REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 83 impunctate. Antennal club equal to funicle. Thorax with fine, dense, and regularly placed punctures; lateral margin coarsely crenate, with long cilia; disk with a small, longitudinal impunctate area at middle. Elytra with fine and dense punctures and apparently much smaller punctures intermixed, the hairs small to minute on disk, a little longer near and at the sides; striae, except sutural, obsolete. Pygidium strongly convex, with fine and sparse punctures, the hairs short and erect; apical part highly polished and less densely punctate, basal half pruinose or subpruinose. Abdomen flattened and slightly concave at middle, with dense, short erect hairs; sixth segment coarsely and rugosely punctate, with long erect hairs, with a rather deep median longitudinal sulcus, the area each side of middle with an oblique raised ridge on each side. All claws strongly pectinate along a double margin, without larger intermixed teeth. Female—Antennal club shorter than funicle. Base of clypeus somewhat tumid. Pygidium convex, densely pruinose in basal three- fourths, with fine, sparse punctures, and short, erect hair; apex with a strong, raised, and smooth V-shaped area. Abdomen slightly convex, polished, with fine, sparse, setigerous punctures; sixth segment as long as preceding but more densely and coarsely punctate and the hairs longer and more coarse. All claws serrate or subpectinate along a double margin, and each claw with a large, triangular median tooth. Otherwise as in male. Length—17-20 mm. Width.—7.5-8 mm. Types.—Holotype and allotype are from the Huachuca Moun- tains, Carr Canyon, Arizona, collected by M. A. Cazier on June 14, 1936 (Saylor collection) and are deposited in the United States National Museum (No. 53761). Paratypes—Males, 14; females, 12. Arizona: Huachuca Moun- tains, July [U.S.N.M.], July 14 (Cazier) [Saylor]; June (Duncan) [Saylor] and July 8 (Beamer) [Snow Museum]; Santa Rita Mountains, July 24 (L. Anderson) [Snow Museum]; Chiricahua Mountains, June (Wickham) [U.S.N.M. and Saylor]; Ramsey Canyon, Huachuca Mountains (Cochise County) July [Saylor]. Merxico: Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua [Saylor]. Remarks.—While closely allied to L. disparilis Horn, L. huachuca is readily separated by the more elongate form and pruinosity of the dorsal surface (elytra), as well as by other structural and genitalic characters as shown in the keys. The form of the female pygidium in the three allied species (L. disparilis, L. hwachuca, and L. chapint) is but slightly variable within each species and is of much assistance in separating specimens of this sex from one another. 219855—40——4 84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 89 PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) CHAPINI, new species Ficures 7, g—j; 8, 0 Male.—Very similar in all respects to L. huachuca Saylor, differing mainly in the genital characters. The area at the base of the clypeus is usually slightly to noticeably tumid in both sexes, while it is usually more flattened in L. huachuca. Female.—Apical portion of the pygidium consisting of a large, smooth, and raised area in the shape of a very wide V, and is almost semicircular (fig. 8, 0), whereas in L. huachuca the raised smooth area is a narrow, V-shaped area. Length.—16.5-19 mm. Width—7-8 mm. Types.—Holotype and allotype are from ‘Fort Grant, Arizona, collected July 22 by Hubbard and Schwarz” and are in the United States National Museum (No. 53762). Paratypes: Males, 26;females, 11. Arizona: Fort Grant [U.S.N.M. and Saylor]; Chiricahua Mountains, July [U.S.N.M.], July 13 (Van Dyke), June 10 [Saylor], and July 10 [Saylor]; Pinery Canyon, Chi- ricahua Mountains, 6,000 feet, July 1 [American Museum]; mouth of Rucka Canyon, Chiricahua Mountains, July 7 (Van Dyke). New Mexico: ‘‘New Mexico” [U.S.N.M.]; Silver City, July 22 (Jackson) [Snow Museum]. Remarks.—While closely allied to ZL. huachuca, this species appears to be consistently different in both sexes and well deserving of a name. I take pleasure in naming this species for my good friend Dr. EK. A. Chapin, of the National Museum, as a slight token of my appreciation of many kindnesses, both past and present. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) FLAVIPENNIS (Horn) Ficurss 2, f-g; 10, a—d Iistrochelus flavipennis Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 12, p. 123, 1885. Male.—Elongate-oval, strongly shining, elytra sparsely haired above. Head with front closely and coarsely rugose, transverse ridge of vertex moderately strong; clypeal suture hardly impressed, strongly bisinuate; clypeus punctured like front, apex truncate, apical margin slightly reflexed, angles strongly rounded. Antenna testaceous, 10- segmented, club about one-fourth to one-third longer than funicle. Thorax finely, moderately densely punctate, center of disk often with a suggestion of a smooth median line; base and apex strongly margined, sides finely crenulate and ciliate; front angles rounded, hind angles obtuse but subangulate. Elytra finely, rugosely punctate, with sparsely placed, short, erect hairs; first striae, besides sutural, strongly oblique, obsolescent in basal half, much wider and more pronounced apically. Pygidium strongly convex, highly polished, finely sparsely REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 85 punctate, with very short, suberect hairs. Abdomen widely, shallowly concave at middle, first five segments sparsely punctate, with short erect hairs; sixth segment a little shorter than the preceding, less densely but more coarsely punctured, with a faint longitudinal median sulcus. Claws of all the tarsi strongly pectinate along a double margin, without larger intercalated teeth. First segment of hind tarsus equal to second. Female.—Antennal club a little shorter than the funicle. Pygidium convex but flattened, the entire disk very highly polished and smooth, with fine and sparse punctures, each of the latter bearing a short, suberect hair; apex rounded, with a row of coarse yellow bristles. All tarsal claws serrate along a double line (rarely apparently only along & single line) and each with a moderately large triangular tooth at about the middle. Abdomen highly polished, slightly convex, with fine punctures and short, sparse hairs, those of the subequal segments 5 and 6 somewhat longer. Otherwise similar to the male. Length —14-16.5 mm. Width.—6.5-7 mm. Type.—tIn the Horn collection. Type locality.—‘‘Arizona.”’ Specimens examined: Males, 51; females, 9. Arizona: Pimal, Pima, Gila, Graham, and Cochise Counties, in the southeastern parts of the State; July and August. New Mexico: ‘New. Mexico’ [U.S.N.M.]; Silver City, July 22 [Snow Museum]. Remarks.—This species and L. granti are quite conspicuous in the genus by their rufous thorax and shining, testaceous elytra. Appar- ently there is but little variation within the species. The females are rare in collections. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) GRANTI, new species Fiaurss 4, g; 5, d; 10, e-h; 13,9 Male——Elongate, subparallel, strongly shining; rufotestaceous, the head and thorax rufous. Head with front coarsely and variolately punctate, the punctures not contiguous and with several smaller punctures intermixed; transverse carina strongly indicated, surface behind it impunctate; base of clypeus faintly sinuate, hardly reflexed, the angles broadly rounded. Antenna 10-segmented, unicolorous, club one-fourth longer than the funicle. Thorax finely, not densely punctate on disk, the punctures closer at sides and apex, a slight median impunctate area visible; lateral margins with long cilia, coarsely crenate, angles well indicated but obtuse; base with strong. marginal line. Elytra finely, subrugosely punctate, with fine, short, erect hairs; the striae on disk oblique and moderately prominent. Pygidium strongly convex, highly polished, moderately coarsely and not densely punctate, with short, suberect hairs; apex truncate and 86 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 89 ciliate. Abdomen flattened and faintly concave at center, highly polished except for a few patches of pruinosity at sides of segments 3-5; at center of segments 1-4 with fine, sparse granules and small hairs; segment 5 nearly plane at middle, with a few coarse punctures and hairs along the apical margin and at the sides; sixth segment shorter than the fifth, smooth at the center and coarsely, setigerously punctate at the sides; both fifth and sixth with a moderate longitudinal sulcus at the middle. All claws strongly pectinate along a double margin and without any larger teeth intercalated. Hind tarsus with first segment shorter than the second. Front tarsus without a small spine at inner apex of each segment. Female.—Antenna shorter than funicle. Pygidium flattened and rugose in basal three-fifths, with fine, dense punctures and short suberect hair; apical two-fifths of disk slightly and gradually raised from the disk, polished and very sparsely punctate, apex densely ciliate; pygidial disk from a lateral view appearing quite flat, to slightly concave. Abdomen slightly convex, somewhat polished, coarsely punctate; fifth segment with a suggestion of two blunt trans- verse parallel ridges near base; sixth with very coarse, dense punctures, the hairs moderately long and erect. All claws with a submedian tooth and serrate along a double margin (at times apparently along a single margin only), except that the inner hind claw usually does not have the larger intercalated tooth. Otherwise as in the male. Length—14-17 mm. Width.—b6-7.5 mm. Types.—Holotype and allotype are from Patagonia, Ariz., collected on July 6 by M. A. Cazier (Saylor collection) and are in the United States National Museum (No. 53763). Paratypes: Males, 13; females, 3. Arizona: Fort Grant [U.S. N.M. and Saylor]; Patagonia, July 6 (Cazier) (Ross and Cazier) {Saylor and Cazier]; Catalina Mountains, 5,500 feet [Saylor]; Nogales, Santa Cruz County (Nunenmacher) [Saylor]; Santa Rita Mountains [Saylor]; Tucson, July [Saylor]. Mexico: Bakachaka, Rio Mayo, Sonora, August 25 (Gentry) [Saylor]. Remarks.—The female pygidium varies slightly as to the convexity of the disk, in one example being flat and semirugose and in the other semiconcave and rugose. Externally similar in general facies to L. flavipennis but quickly separated by the tumid clypeus of both sexes as well as the quite different male genitalia. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) MUCOREA (LeConte) Fiaurss 8, d-—f Listrochelus mucoreus LeContx, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, vol. 3, p. 263, 1856.—Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 7, p. 144, 1878.— Batss, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 173, 1888. Listrochelus tecanus LeConts, op. cit., p. 263, 1856.—Horn, op. cit., p. 144, 1878. Listrochelus obtusus LeConte#, op. cit., p. 264, 1856.—Horn, op. cit., p. 144, 1878. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—-SAYLOR 87 Male.—Robust-oval, shining rufocastaneous, usually with pruinose patches on sides of thorax, basal part of pygidium and on the elytra to a greater or lesser extent (rarely elytra entirely pruinose and thorax nearly so); sparsely hairy on elytra, especially in basal part, rarely glabrous. Head with a very strong transverse carina, front very densely coarsely punctate; clypeus less densely and less coarsely punctured. than front, middle of disk very sparsely so; apex sub- truncately rounded, very strongly reflexed, angles strongly rounded. Antenna 10-segmented, club slightly longer than funicle. Thorax moderately densely, somewhat coarsely punctate, the punctures more sparse at center of disk and very dense near front margin; disk ap- parently glabrous; lateral margins crenulate, with long cilia; front angles subrounded, hind angles subangulate but very obtuse; front and hind margins strongly margined, the latter with long erect cilia. Elytra finely, somewhat rugosely punctate, with very fine sparse hairs, the latter often rather dense near base and scutellum; striae including sutural hardly obvious. Pygidium strongly convex, finely and densely punctured, with short suberect hair, the punctures much sparser in apical third. Abdomen highly polished at middle and flattened, very finely sparsely punctate, the sutures between the seg- ments nearly punctate, with moderately long suberect hair. Hind tibia with longest spur spatulate at apex; first two tarsal. segments subequal in length. All claws pectinate along a double margin; outer front claw with a large subapical tooth. Female——Antennal club equal to funicle. Pygidium densely pruinose and semiconvex in basal half, polished and flat in apical portion; the latter with a strong longitudinal impression at the middle; disk with fine, not dense, setigerous punctures, the hair short and suberect; apex subtruncate. Abdomen highly polished and con- vex at the middle, with fine and dense punctures, the hairs very short; fifth sternite gibbose slightly beyond the middle; sixth shorter than preceding and with dense, coarse, setigerous punctures. All claws, except hind inner one, serrate to subpectinate along a single margin (rarely with traces of a second margin), with a much larger tooth beyond the middle of each claw; the hind inner claw apparently serrate along a double margin and without a larger intercalated tooth. Hind spurs strongly spatulate. Otherwise similar to the male. Length—12.5-19 mm. Width—5.5-9.5 mm. Type.—In the LeConte collection. Type locality—‘Fort Yuma, Colorado River, California” and “Eagle Pass, Texas’ for L. mucoreus; ‘Texas’ for L. texanus; and “Kansas, near Platt River” for L. obtusus. Specimens examined.—Males, 91; females, 39. Trxas: General along the southwestern boundary of the State and apparently com- 88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 89 mon in Zavala and Dimmit Counties in middle March; March 5 {Dimmit County) to June 22 (Del Rio). Catirornia: Riverside, Imperial, and San Diego Counties only, February to April; apparently locally common at Indio early in April. New Mexico: Mesilla Park {U.S.N.M.]. Arizona: Tucson and Yuma, in May [U.S.N.M_]. Kansas: Syracuse (Schwarz) [Robinson]. Mexico: ‘“Mexico” [Casey]. Cited in literature (record questionable): ‘(Cape San Lucas, Lower ©alifornia’”’ (Horn, 1878). Remarks.—This species, with LZ. pulcher and L. reinhardi, forms a very definite complex and the females cannot well be separated, though the males are distinct in internal genitalic characters. Apparently a common species in much of the Southwest, coming frequently to light. The one Mexican example in the Casey collection agrees exactly with the United States females; this example is probably from the old Levette collection. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) PULCHER (Linell) Fiaures 8, g-7 WListrochelus pulcher Lineuy, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 18, p. 7380, 1896. Male.—Elongate-oval, rufous to rufopiceous or rufocastaneous, with varying amounts of pruinosity on the thorax, elytra, pygidium, and abdomen, the elytra often entirely pruinose; at least the discal part of thorax and head always shining rufous; glabrous above except for elytra. Head with very strong transverse carina; front very densely and coarsely punctured, except for a narrow smooth area along the clypeal suture; clypeal suture biarcuate, fine, scarcely impressed; clypeus very long, less densely punctured than front and center of disk, often quite smooth, apex subtruncate and strongly reflexed, angles narrowly rounded. Antenna 10-segmented, club testaceous, sub- equal to, or very slightly longer than, funicle. Thorax finely, densely, irregularly punctured, most closely so at front margin and near sides; lateral margin ciliate, entire bebind and slightly sinuate in front of the median dilation; hind angles distinct but obtuse, front angles less dis- tinctly angulate; base and apex with strong marginal lines, basal margin ciliate. Elytra finely, densely, and regularly punctate, with fine suberect hairs, surface subrugosely wrinkled; striae including sutural rather feebly indicated. Pygidium strongly convex, finely densely punctate, with short, suberect hairs; basal three-fifths usually strongly pruinose and apical part usually strongly shining; apex ciliate, truncate. Abdomen very slightly, hardly noticeably concave in basal three segments, the fourth slightly convex, and fifth somewhat flattened; surface sparsely, finely, setigerously punctured; fifth seg- ment rather smooth in basal half, punctured in apical half, and either REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 89 pruinose or highly polished; sixth shorter than fifth, slightly trans- versely flattened, finely densely punctate, with moderately long hairs. All tarsal claws finely pectinate along a double margin, the outer front claw only with a large subapical triangular tooth; the hind claws often pectinate-serrate rather than entirely pectinate (especially the inner and shorter row of pectinations). First segment of hind tarsi subequal to or slightly shorter than the second. Female.—Antennal club subequal to funicle. Pygidium slightly convex and highly pruinose in basal half, strongly flattened and polished apically; disk with moderately fine and somewhat dense setigerous punctures, the hairs erect and short; apical half of disk usually less densely punctate and with a slight to moderate median longitudinal impression. Hind inner claw without a larger tooth, all other claws with a strong, triangular, intercalated tooth slightly be- yond the middle, the surface from large tooth to base serrate to sub- pectinate, along a double margin. Otherwise as in the male. Length —15-18.5 mm. Waidth—?7.5-8.5 mm. Type-—Male in United States National Museum; female in the Ulke collection. Type locahty—“Skidmore, Texas.” Material examined.—Males, 9; females, 4. Trxas: Corpus Christi, Oakville in April, Pleasanton in February, Bexar County and Stephen- ville on April 5. Remarks.—Close to LZ. mucorea and allies but quite distinct, at least in the male sex. I have been unable to find characters either genitalic or otherwise that will hold in a series in separating the fe- males but am confident that females of both species are present in the material at hand. Varies somewhat in the density of the elytral pruinosity, especially in the females. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) REINHARDI, new species Figures 8, a-c Male.—FElongate-oval, rufocastaneous to piceocastaneous, sides of thorax and larger part of elytra usually pruinose, elytra with sparse minute hair, otherwise glabrous. Head and clypeus densely and coarsely punctate, transverse occipital ridge strong and entire; apex clypeus sharply reflexed, thickened, subtruncate, angles rounded. Antenna 10-segmented, segment 3 longer than 2, 4 and 5 subequal and each shorter than 3, 6 and 7 transverse; club one-fifth (or less) longer than funicle. Thorax densely, moderately coarsely punctate, with a smooth median longitudinal stripe; lateral margins finely to coarsely crenulate and ciliate; basal marginal line entire and ciliate; hind angles obtuse but obvious, front angles obtusely rounded. 90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 89 Elytra finely, sparsely, and regularly punctate, with minute hair and some much longer hair near base of scutellum. Pygidium convex, pruinose at base, polished apically; densely, not coarsely punctate in basal half, much less densely so in apical half, apex truncate. Ab- domen flattened at middle, pruinose at sides and somewhat at middle; segments finely, sparsely punctate at middle, fifth segment plane, sparsely punctate, with several short and erect hairs apically; sixth segment transversely impressed, with moderately dense marginal rows of short hairs at base and apex. All claws pectinate along a double margin, the outer row of pectinations of outer front tarsal claw with a large, acute subapical tooth. Hind tibia with one spur three- fourths as long as the other and the longest rather broadly spatulate. Female.—Thorax a little more coarsely punctate. Antennal club subequal to funicle; club testaceous, funicle castaneous. Pygidium moderately convex, densely pruinose in basal half, highly shining in apical portion, the latter usually convex (in some few specimens there is a trace of a finely impressed longitudinal sulcus, but not nearly so distinct as in the females of Z. mucorea and L. pulcher, in which the apical half of the disk is also flat); disk with moderately dense and coarse punctures, with short suberect hairs. Abdomen evenly con- vex, highly polished, and with fine, moderately dense punctures at the center. Hind tibial spurs spatulate. Inner hind claw without a larger intercalated tooth; all other claws serrate to subpectinate, with a strong intercalated tooth. Otherwise similar to male. Length.—14-16 mm. Widih.—6.5-8 mm. Types.—Holotype and allotype are from Hidalgo County, Tex., collected by H. J. Reinhard on April 5, 1930, and are in the United States National Museum (No. 53764). Paratypes: Males, 16; females, 8. Trxas: Several, same data as types; Weslaco, March 16 (Clark) [Reinhard]; Alice, June 12; Mer- cedes, February (Urbahms) [Reinhard]. Remarks.—Externally rather similar in both sexes to LZ. mucorea but quite different in the male genital organs; the females are quickly differentiated by pygidial characters. Named for H. J. Reinhard, of the Agricultural and Mechanical College, Texas, who has contributed much valuable material, both for the present and for other studies of the author’s. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) PLENA (Fall) Ficurss 8, j-l Listrochelus plenus Faux, Journ. New York Ent. Soc., vol. 40, p. 199, 1932. Male.—Elongate, rufocastaneous, head and thorax polished, elytra subshining, with some pruinosity, head and thorax apparently gla- REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 91 brous. Head with front coarsely and variolately punctate, though somewhat sparsely so at the center, transverse carina of vertex strongly marked; clypeus polished, sparsely punctured at sides and impunctate elsewhere; apex of clypeus strongly reflexed and subtrun- cate, angle broadly rounded. Antenna testaceous, club slightly longer than the funicle. Thoracic disk somewhat coarsely, moderately densely punctured, with a narrow impunctate median line; both base and apex strongly margined; sides of thorax subangularly dilated behind the middle, margin coarsely crenate in front of, and finely so or entire behind, the emargination; angles obtuse, not prominent. Elytra coarsely, rugosely wrinkled, striae except sutural only faintly indicated ; disk moderately densely and finely punctate, with numerous small suberect hairs; sutural striae much narrower at base and apex. Pygidium strongly convex and highly polished, with very fine, sparse punctures; disk apparently glabrous, apex rounded. Abdomen highly polished, segments with moderately dense and fine punctures; sixth segment slightly shorter than the fifth, flattened, entire surface cov- ered with moderately dense, somewhat coarse granules and fine, erect hairs. All claws pectinate along a double margin, the outer claws of front and middle tarsi each with a larger tooth just before the apex, hind claws pectinate to subserrate, without larger intercalated teeth. Female.—Antennal club shorter than funicle. Thorax slightly more rufous and more densely punctate. Elytra highly pruinose. Pygi- dium polished, much smaller than in the male, convex, with a sug- gestion of a gibbosity each side of the middle, these two gibbosities nearer the lateral margins than to each other; pygidial surface very finely and sparsely punctate, with a few minute hairs apically. Abdo- men strongly convex and very highly polished, segments 1-4 with sutures nearly obsolete and the surface with a few minute hairs; fifth large, declivous apically, hardly punctured; sixth subplanate, with sparse erect hairs. All claws apparently subpectinate or serrate along a single margin and each of the front and middle claws with a large tooth just before the apex, the hind tarsi without such larger teeth. Length.—13-15 mm. Width.—6-6.5 mm. Type.—In Fall collection. Type locality —“Baboquivari Mts. and Ajo, Arizona.” Specimens examined.—Males, 5; females, 10. Arizona: All speci- mens seen are from a rather limited locality—Pima and Cochise Counties; the majority of specimens came from the Santa Rita or Baboquivari Mountains, June and July. Remarks.—The males are readily placed by the key, and the fe- males may be rather easily determined by the characteristic pygidium, which is small and highly polished and convex only on the disk, as well as by the characteristic shape of the abdomen in lateral view. 219855—40——5 92 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 89 PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) OPACICOLLIS (Horn) Fiaures 3, k; 11, h-k Listrochelus opacicollis Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 7, p. 145, 1878. Male.—Small, robust-oval, strongly and entirely pruinose except for head, hairy above. Head with a weak but noticeable transverse carina, surface behind carina without punctures; front very strongly, densely, rugosely punctured, with moderately long and erect pile; clypeus punctured as front, the punctures, however, much finer, apex slightly reflexed, subtruncate at middle, with moderately rounded angles. Antenna 10-segmented, testaceous, club a little longer than funicle. Thorax finely, moderately densely punctured, less densely so at center, with longer, erect, yellowich hairs; lateral margins strongly dilated at middle, very finely crenulate, with very long yellowish cilia; front angles rounded, hind margins subangular but very obtuse. Elytra finely, rugosely punctate, with long erect hair, striae except sutural obsolete. Pygidium strongly convex, highly polished, very finely, moderately densely punctate, with short suberect hairs, apex subtruncate. Abdomen strongly, transversely gibbose at middle, surface finely, densely, and setigerously punctate, the hairs fine and long; sixth segment punctured as fifth, but surface flatter and with a median longitudinal carina faintly indicated. Hind tibia moderately densely pilose within. All tarsal claws each with a small hardly obvious submedian tooth, the surface between the tooth and base of claw very minutely crenulate. First two segments of front tarsus each with small inner spinelike projections at apex; hind tarsi mod- erately hairy, first segment slender, and but little wider at apex than at base. Female.—Antennal club slightly shorter than funicle. Pygidium convex, sides straight and strongly convergent apically, the apex truncate. Disk with coarse and moderately dense punctures and with short suberect hairs, the surface rugose. Abdomen evenly con- vex, highly polished, and sparsely punctured; fifth sternite slightly depressed apically, with a few scattered coarse punctures among the finer ones; sixth segment with coarse scattered punctures, surface rugose. All claws with a short tooth at center, surface between tooth and claw base minutely serrate. First segment of front tarsi with a blunt spine at inner apex. Otherwise similar to male. Length —11-14 mm. Width.—5-6.5 mm. Type.—In the Horn collection. Type locality —‘Utah, Arizona and New Mexico.” Specimens examined.—Males, 22; females, 17. Arizona: General in the eastern half of the State, from Williams south, and east to Cochise County, July. Uran: Cedar City, Iron County, June 25 REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 93 (Knaus) [U.S.N.M.]. New Mexico: Jemez Springs, Galiena Creek, 8,500 feet, July 24 [Saylor]. Remarks.—Can be readily confused only with L. fimbripes, L. koehleriana, and more especially L. tarsalis, but is the only one of this group having densely pruinose thorax covered with long hair, and may thus be separated readily in both sexes. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) TARSALIS (Schaeffer) Fiaures 2, a; 3, m; 4, d; 9, g-j Listrochelus tarsalis ScuaAEFFER, Ent. News, vol. 19, p. 319, 1908. Male.—Small, elongate, very deeply pruinose above; hairy above except for the glabrous and impunctate thoracic disk. Head very coarsely, rugosely, and contiguously punctate, with moderately long erect hair; the punctures of clypeus a little less dense at sides of apex; transverse carina strongly indicated, inpunctate behind; apex of clypeus slightly rounded, slightly reflexed, angles broadly rounded. Antenna unicolorous, 10-segmented, club over a fourth longer than the funicle. Prothoracic disk apparently without punctures except for a very few just inside the center of both the apical and basal margins; all margins ciliate; the lateral margins with very long hair and coarsely crenate in apical half, and finely serrate or straight in basal half; hind angles very broadly rounded, just barely indicated. Elytra finely punctate, with long, erect, and moderately dense hairs; striae except for the weak sutural costae not indicated. Pygidium moderately convex, polished, finely and densely punctate, with short suberect hairs; disk declivous before apex, the latter truncate and ciliate. Abdomen highly polished except for lateral pruinose patches; center of disk somewhat depressed and flattened, segments 3 and 4 somewhat transversely elevated at centers; fifth segment with faint longitudinal sulcus; sixth flattened, impunctate immediately at the center. Hind tibia with very long and extremely dense hairs on the apical two-thirds of the inner surface. Hind tarsus with first segment over half as wide at apex as long, and with a strong wing-shaped pro- jection in apical two-thirds (see figures). Front tarsus with a strong, sharp, triangular spine at inner apex of first tarsal segment, the spine of the second segment hardly noticeable. All claws weakly serrate along a single margin; without larger intermixed teeth. Hind tarsal segments moderately densely pilose, the hairs long and fine. Female.—Antennae rufocastaneous, the club testaceous and as long as segments 3-7 of the funicle combined. Pygidium flattened, faintly tumid near apex; surface finely, densely punctate, with short erect pile; basal half of disk pruinose, apex shining and subtruncate. Abdomen more convex than in the male and the transverse elevations 94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 89 less noticeable; fifth segment coarsely and moderately densely punc- tate; sixth segment slightly convex, shorter than and more coarsely and sparsely punctate than the preceding segment. First segment of hind tarsus slightly expanded each side at apex (as in diagram). All claws finely serrate along a single margin and each with a very fine submedian tooth. All other characters, as well as the spined front tarsi, as in male. ' Length.—12.5-14mm. Wadth.—5.5-6.5 mm. Type.—In the United States National Museum. Type locality —‘‘Santa Rita Mts., Arizona.”’ Specimens examined.—Males, 15; females, 16. Arizona: Pinal, Pima, Cochise, and Graham Counties, in the southeastern parts of the State, June 6 (Comstock) to August 8 (Huachuca Mountains). New Mexico: Silver City. Remarks.—Though resembling several small and densely pruinose species, L. tarsalis is the only one with a thorax that is apparently (view vertically) impunctate and glabrous, except at the sides. Also, the first hind tarsal segment is always very strongly expanded near the inner apex in the male and somewhat more so than usual in the female; the type of tarsal expansion in both sexes is not quite duplicated in any of the others species in the genus. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) SCUTICEPS (Bates) Figure 6, k-n Listrochelus scuticeps Bates, Biologia Centrali-Americana, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 171, 1888. Male.—Oblor.g-oval, rufotestaceous, head and thorax shining rufous, elytra partly te almost entirely pruinose. Head subrugose with dense, gross, and variolate punctures, apparently glabrous; transverse carina of vertex moderately well indicated, surface behind carina impunctate; clypeus punctured as front, disk flattened and glabrous, apex reflexed and truncate, angles moderately broadly rounded. Antenna 10-segmented, unicolorous rufotestaceous, club subequal to funicle. Thorax with disk densely, finely, rather regularly punctured, somewhat denser near sides and apex; base and apex strongly mar- gined; lateral margins coarsely crenate, ciliate, angles obtusely rounded, the hind angles not subangulate. Elytra finely, moderately densely punctured, with minute recumbent hairs, surface subrugose, costae besides sutural weakly indicated. Pygidium strongly convex, moderately densely, finely punctured, with short suberect hairs; apex truncate, and margin slightly thickened and a little reflexed, ciliate. Abdomen flattened at middle, slightly polished, strongly pruinose at sides; sparsely, finely punctate at center, with short erect hairs, the punctures and hairs larger and coarser near sides; sixth segment REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 95 shorter than fifth, slightly subrugosely, sparsely punctate, with mod- erately long erect hairs. All claws moderately coarsely serrate along a single margin, without intercalated larger teeth on front tarsi; first segment of hind tarsi slightly shorter than second. Female.—Antennal club shorter than funicle. Clypeus with small impunctate area at center base (usually). Pygidium convex, mod- erately densely and not coarsely punctate, with short suberect hair, punctures sparser in apical third, basal half of disk subopaque, re- mainder polished. Abdomen convex, highly polished, segments 2-4 inclusive slightly, transversely gibbose. All tarsal claws serrate along a single margin, with a fine triangular tooth at the middle (hind claws worn in the single female at hand and appear to lack the central tooth, although Bates in his original description of the species says all claws have the central tooth). Otherwise as in the male. Length —11.5-13.5 mm. (to 17 mm. in var. major of Bates). Width —5.5-6.5 mm. Type.—In the British Museum (Natural History). Type locality —“‘Villa Lerdo in Durango, also Tapachula in Chiapas, Mexico.”’ Specimens examined.—Males, 16; females, 17. TExas: Presidio, August [Saylor], June 28 [Reinhard], and July 18 [Saylor]. Mexico: Torreon, Chiapas, June 17 (Al Meade) [Saylor]; Coahuila [Robinson]; San Antonio, Durango, 5,000 feet, June 10, 1937 (Meade) [Saylor]. Villa Juarez, 300 feet, May 20, 1937 [Saylor]; J. Manuel, El Salto, Durango, June 5, 1937 [Saylor]. Remarks.—Specimens from Texas and Mexico were compared with the types in the British Museum and found to agree well. Rare in the United States and not heretofore recorded from this country, but may be quickly placed by the male genitalia, which in form have no close relatives in our fauna, and by the strongly convex thorax of the female. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) FIMBRIPES (LeConte) Fiaurss 8, 1; 9, k-n Listrochelus fimbripes LEContr, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, vol. 3, p. 264, 1856.—Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 7, p. 147, 1878. Male.—Oblong-ovate, rufotestaceous to somewhat piceotestaceous at times, elytra usually slightly to completely pruinose, otherwise shining above, pilose. Head with front very coarsely, densely, and rugosely punctured, frequently with a suggestion of a longitudinal carina, with sparse, short, erect hair; vertex with strong transverse carina, area posterior to carina impunctate; clypeus densely strongly punctured but usually not so densely so as front; apex clypeus very 96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL, 89 faintly widely emarginate, or subtruncate, slightly reflexed, lateral angles moderately strongly rounded. Antenna 10-segmented, club darker in color than funicle and varying from slightly longer to nearly one-quarter longer than the funicle. Thorax with most of the disk very finely, rather sparsely punctured, the punctures much larger just behind the front margin and along the basal margin; center of disk with small impunctate longitudinal area; along central basal discal area and along all the margins, also frequently near the side discal areas, with long, fine, and erect testaceous hairs, these some- times rather thinned out through wear; lateral margins finely and completely crenulate, front and hind angles strongly obtuse but subangulate; basal margin entire though weak at center base. Elytra very finely densely punctured, subrugosely wrinkled, with short erect hairs near basal and scutellar area; sutural striae strong, the two others moderately well indicated and strongly oblique. Pygidium somewhat convex, very finely, moderately densely punctate, with very small subprocumbent hairs (often nearly all abraded), discal area frequently very finely transversely wrinkled; apex truncate, ciliate, margin thickened. Abdomen polished at middle, pruinose at sides, with sparse punctures bearing short erect hairs: abdomen in lateral view exactly as in L. falsa (see fig. 2, c); fifth with single row of fine erect. hairs near apex, apex somewhat narrowly incised at middle and the segment with a longitudinal sulcus along the entire center area; sixth as long as or longer than fifth, flat polished, slightly and sparsely punctured with a few short suberect hairs, and with a faint longitu- dinal median suleus. Claws usually without any trace of a tooth, and the basal margin very fine, scarcely noticeably serrate, at times, however (not at all uncommonly), with a noticeable, short, triangular tooth above middle, and almost subbasal in position. Front tarsi with first segment rather strongly prolonged into a tooth at inner apex, the second much less noticeably so. Front tibiae strongly tridentate. First segment of hind tarsi subequal to second in length but somewhat wider at apex. Hind tibiae with many to few long thin hairs on inner side, often rather noticeably pilose. Female.—Antennal club slightly longer than segments 3-7 com- bined. Pygidium a little less convex and sides more convergent apically than in the opposite sex. Abdomen evenly convex, highly polished, and finely and sparsely punctate at middle; fifth and sixth segments in apical halves and at sides coarsely punctate. First segment of the front tarsus with a small triangular tooth at the inner apex. All claws with a small triangular tooth at the middle, the surface between the tooth and the claw base minutely crenulate. Otherwise similar to the male. Length —11.5-14.5 mm. Width.—5-6.5 mm. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR O7 Type.—In the LeConte collection. Type locality —‘‘Fort Riley, Kansas.” Specimens examined.—Males, 31; females, 6. Arizona: Flagstaff, July (Wickham) [U.S.N.M.]. New Mexico: Tenaja (Wickham) {U.S.N.M.]; Torrence County (Douglas) [U.S.N.M.]; Grady, July 16 (Beamer) [Snow Museum]. Nesraska: Lincoln, July [U.S.N.M.]. Coxorapo: “Colorado” and Colorado Springs [U.S.N.M.]; La Junta, July 21 (Rehn and Hebard) [American Museum]; Cragmore, June {U.S.N.M.]. Texas: New Braunfels [Robinson]. Remarks.—This species forms, along with L. koehleriana and L. neomexicana, a rather compact group of the genus, in the characters of the hairy hind tibiae and tarsi, rugosely sculptured head, and robust facies. The male genitalia are closely allied as regards simi- larity in form but are distinct and are apparently not variable within the species; the main specific differences are evidenced in the aedeagus rather than in the lateral lobes of the claspers. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) FALSA (LeConte) Ficurss 2, c; 4, f; 9, a-c Listrocheius falsus LEContsE, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, vol. 3, p. 264, 1856.—Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 7, p. 147, 1878. Listrochelus langeri Cuapin, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 47, p. 938, 1934 (new synonymy). Male.—Oblong-oval, wider behind, rufous above, sparsely pilose, thorax shining; elytra very highly pruinose. Head with front flat- tened, moderately coarsely punctate, vertex with a moderately prominent transverse carina; clypeus punctured as front, with sparse erect hairs, apex subtruncate and faintly emarginate, slightly reflexed, angles moderately broadly rounded. Antenna 10-segmented, uni- colorous, club one-sixth longer than funicle. Thorax shining, finely, moderately densely, irregularly punctured, with short scattered hairs near base and sides; front angles broadly rounded, hind angles obtuse but moderately distinct, base and apex strongly margined; lateral margins ciliate and finely crenulate, less obviously so behind the moderate median dilation. Elytra finely punctured, rugosely wrinkled, with scattered small yellowish hairs arising from the highly pruinose surface; striae, except sutural, not obvious. Pygidium strongly convex, highly polished, very finely, moderately densely punctured, each puncture bearing a minute recumbent hair; apex broad and subtruncate. Abdomen convex, with segments 1 to 3 polished and moderately densely pilose; third segment abruptly raised at middle apex; fourth and fifth segments of approximately equal size and each very sparsely pilose, the two together having a common transverse sulcus, the latter being deepest at the point of 98 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 juncture of the two segments; sixth segment flattened, as long as or slightly longer than the fifth, sparsely finely punctured, and with a definite though shallow median longitudinal groove. Front tarsus with first segment slightly though perceptibly prolonged into a slight spine on inner side of apex; claws usually very finely, hardly evidently crenulate and without a tooth (a very fine suggestion of a tooth rarely noticeable). Middle claws as in front. Hind claws also minutely crenulate but usually with a very faint submedian tooth among the serrations, at least on the inner claw. First segment of hind tarsus shorter than the second, and very strongly prolonged inwardly at apex into a blunt tooth or lobe, the first segment being somewhat triangular in shape (see fig. 4, f). Female.—Antennal club shorter than funicle. Pygidium evenly convex, entire disk polished and with regularly arranged, fine, dense punctures, the hairs short and suberect; apex thickened and ciliate. Abdomen evenly convex, highly polished at middle and with very fine and dense setigerous punctures, the hairs fine and minute; fifth and sixth sternites of approximately equal size, the sixth and apical por- tions of the preceding segment more coarsely punctate than the re- mainder of the abdomen. All claws with a short triangular tooth at the middle, surface between the tooth and claw base minutely serrate. First segment of the front tarsus with a blunt, short spine at inner apex. Otherwise similar to male. Length.—12-15.5 mm. Wadth.—6-7 mm. Type.—In the LeConte collection. Type locality.—‘“‘Platt River, Kansas.” Specimens examined.—Males, 66; females, 39. Catirornia: Bar- stow, July 18 (Saylor]. Arizona: General in the southeastern part of the State. Recorded several times as taken on ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), July and August. CotLorapo: General in the State; seen from Larkspur to Pagosa Springs and from the country in between; June to August; recorded on ponderosa pine. Nrw Mexico: General; seen from Rio Arriba County and southeast to Roswell; June to September. Remarks.—In habitus and type of male genitalia the present species is most closely related to LZ. fimbripes and allies but is abundantly distinct in the hardly pilose hind tarsi and tibiae, the male genitalia, etc. Has been taken on several occasions in the adult state feeding on yellow pine. An interesting note concerning the life history is the following, excerpted from the field notes of A. J. Jaenicke, at the time stationed at the Fort Valley Experiment Station at Flagstaff, Ariz.: “Larvae of these beetles are doing extensive damage to the western yellow pine seedlings at Flagstaff, by cutting off the roots.” REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 99 PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) FALSA NOGALES, new subspecies Male.—Entire elytra and thorax very densely pruinose above, the latter glabrous on disk, the punctures very fine and almost obscured by the pruinosity. Clypeus apparently glabrous on disk. First seg- ment of hind tarsi slender and hardly at all expanded apically (no more than is normal in any species of the genus); first two segments subequal in length. All other characters, including the genitalia, the same as in the typical form. Female—Thorax very densely pruinose, punctures almost obscured by the pruinosity. Clypeal disk apparently glabrous. Otherwise the same as in the typical form. Length —13-15 mm. Width—6.5-7.5 mm. Types.—Holotype and allotype are from Mount Washington, 6,000 feet, Nogales, Ariz. (Saylor), and are deposited in the United States National Museum (No. 53765). Paratypes: Males, 1; females, 1. Arizona: Huachuca Mountains [Saylor]. Remarks.—The densely pruinose and hardly perceptibly punctate thorax, the nonexpanded first hind tarsal segment of the male, and the nonpilose clypeus of the present subspecies seem to justify setting it off as distinct; indeed, the entire facies of the beetle are closer to those of LZ. tarsalis than to L. falsa, owing to the highly pruinose condition of the dorsal area. Were it not for the apparently identical genitalia of the males, 1 would not hesitate to describe this as a separate species. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) KOEHLERIANA, new species Figures 3, n; 11, a-d Male.—Robust, elongate, hairy above; head and thorax rufous and shining, the elytra darker and strongly pruinose. Head very coarsely and rugosely punctate, with erect hair; transverse carina well marked, usually impunctate behind; clypeus strongly transverse, a little more finely and densely punctate than the front; clypeal apex strongly reflexed, subtruncate, angles moderately rounded. Antenna rufo- testaceous; club testaceous and slightly longer than the funicle. Thoracic disk with very fine and fine punctures intermixed, the puncturation rather dense at sides and front, the larger punctures more noticeable along the front margin; a slight central area of the disk impunctate; center-base, near sides and along the front margins with long or short hairs; lateral margins ciliate, finely crenulate, the angles prominent but obtuse. Elytra finely subrugosely punctate, with long and erect moderately dense hairs; striae, except sutural, obsolete. Pygidium convex, highly polished, very finely and densely punctate, 100 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 89 with fine procumbent hairs; apex widely truncate and ciliate. Abdo- men polished, subpruinose at sides; surface finely and densely punctate with short and erect hair; segments 4 and 5 together forming between them a deep transverse sulcus, surface of each punctured nearly as in the preceding segments; sixth polished, faintly longitudinally sulcate at center, impunctate at middle, with a few coarse punctures at sides. Hind tibia with very dense and long hair on the apical three-fourths of the inner surface; first segment of the hind tarsi gradually widened toward the apex, the latter nearly half as wide as the length of the segment. First segment of front tarsus with a very long, sharp spine at inner apex, the width of the segment at the apex about three- fifths of its total length, second segment without inner, apical spine. All claws finely crenulate or serrate along a single margin, usually without larger intermixed teeth, at most with a very faint suggestion of a larger median tooth and that usually on the hind claws, if present at all. Hind tarsal segments each with a moderately dense patch of long hairs arranged in a row on each side of the under surface and pointing outward. Female.—Antennal club slightly shorter than the funicle. Abdo- men evenly convex, highly polished and very finely, sparsely punctate at center; apical half of the fifth segment flattened transversely; sixth segment one-fourth shorter than the preceding and with coarse sparse punctures. Hind tibia with hairs only moderately dense and not at all fine and ciliate; hind tarsi sparsely hairy. All claws with a strong tooth above the middle, the surface between tooth and claw base very minutely serrate or crenulate. First segment of front tarsus with a strong inner spine, this smaller than in the male. Length.—12-15.5 mm. Width.—6-7 mm. Types.—Holotype and allotype are from Koehler, N. Mex., and are in the National Museum (No. 53766). Paratypes: Males, 38; females, 39. New Mexico: Koehler [U.S. N.M. and Saylor]; prairie near Koehler (Wickham) [U.S.N.M. and Saylor]; Hot Springs, 7,000 feet [U.S.N.M. and Saylor]; Las Vegas (Linell) [U.S.N.M.]. Texas: “S. Texas” [Robinson]. Remarks.—In the large series at hand there is very little external variation and apparently none in the male genitalia, which closely resembles those of L. fimbripes but are constantly different in the shape of the aedeagus. The key characters should readily separate the two species. The following notes, taken at the time of capture of part of the specimens (by V. L. Wildermuth, at Koehler, N. Mex., July 3, 1914), should be of much interest: ‘Tonight there occurred a remarkable fight of this beetle. The air was full of them, and the roar, for it was more a roar than a buzzing, from them was wonderful. They REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 101 were like several swarms of bees all in the air over one’s head at once. Many came to the light of the tent, but the great majority of them seemed to be flying quite high. The flight lasted from about 8 until 9:30. The day previous had been rainy and heavy rains had fallen the past four days. July 13: This flight has continued to a greater or less extent each night since the first record—last night there were millions of the beetles in the air, and at times one could hardly remain out of doors because of them hitting the person in the face. Tent roofs and sides were fairly covered with them, and a large handful at a:time could be picked up. I am told that many are found in the ground of the gardens hereabouts, and in fact I saw a great many turned up in a garden at the packing house. There are no trees closer than 3 miles from camp, and these are limited to scrub oak and several species of pine. The range around is covered with erama grass and weeds. Two classes of the latter predominate, namely Gutierrezia sp. (brown-weed) and Artemesia frigida (worm- wood, or sage brush). Many native lupines abound. ‘The soil is mostly: a sandy clay loam. An unusual amount of moisture has fallen this season and it has been well distributed. To date it has rained 29 out of 59 days since we arrived in camp.” PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) NEOMEXICANA, new species Ficurss 2, j; 4, h; 11, e-g Male.—Apparently not different externally from L. koehleriana. The male genitalia are distinct in the two species; the characters of the genitalia do not vary in the rather extensive series of L. koeh- leriana at hand. Female.—Unknown. Length—13-15 mm. Width.—6-6.5 mm. Types.—Two males, both from Roswell, N. Mex., collected by Brant on July 2. The holotype is in the United States National Museum (No. 53767), and the paratype is in the Saylor collection. Remarks.—Though only the two specimens are at hand, the aedeagus is so different from that of LZ. koehleriana that I have no hesitation in describing L. neomericana; reference to the genitalic figures will allow of ready separation of the two forms. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) PARILIS (Bates) Figure 11, o-r Listrochelus parilis Batts, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 172, 1888. Male.—Oblong-ovate, highly polished, head and thorax rufous, otherwise rufocastaneous, elytra pruinose or opaque, above with 102 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 scattered hairs. Head with coarse and dense punctures, with a few fine ones intermixed; clypeus with rounded, usually moderately reflected apex, angles very broadly rounded. Antennal club one- sixth longer than the funicle. Thorax with fine, dense punctures, disk usually glabrous; lateral margins coarsely crenate and with long cilia. Elytra finely, regularly punctate, with scattered fine and erect. hairs, the latter moderately long; striae, except sutural, obsolete. Pygidium convex, strongly and entirely polished, with fine scattered punctures, apparently glabrous; apex truncate and slightly sinuate. Abdomen with segment 3 transversely raised and segments 4 and 5 having in common between them a deep and wide transverse im- pression; fifth and sixth more coarsely punctate and each with a very weak longitudinal sulcus at the middle. All claws serrate apparently along a single margin (traces of a double margin under power of 20) and each with a very small tooth slightly above the middle; this, however, is frequently worn down on one or all claws so that it is not visible at all. Inner face of hind tibia with moderately long bristles (not hairs); under soles of hind tarsus with but very sparse bristles (not hair). Inner apex of first front tarsal segment with a very blunt and short spine. Female.—Antennal club equal to segments 3-7 combined. Pygi- dium as in male but much more flattened. Abdomen convex, apex of fifth segment somewhat depressed, smooth; sixth segment convex, the disk sparsely and setigerously punctured. All claws minutely dentate near the base and with a small but sharp median tooth. Length—12-14 mm. Widih.—5.5-7 mm. Type.—In the British Museum (Natural History). Type locality —‘Refugio and Cuidad in Durango, Mexico.” Specimens examined.—Males, 11; females, 2. Trxas: Davis Mountains [Saylor]; Davis Mountains, July 9, 1921, (C-D. Duncan) [Van Dyke]. Mexico: Cusihuiriachic, Chihuahua, [Saylor]; Zacatecas, Zac. [Saylor]. Remarks.—The males at hand fit Bates’s description exactly, and this, coupled with the fact that both the Mexican localities recorded by Bates for L. parilis are close to those from which come my Mexican examples (which are specifically identical with my Texas specimens), leaves little doubt that the species is correctly determined. This species is most closely related to L. fimbripes and L. koehleriana, from both of which it can be readily separated by the spinose and not hairy hind tibiae and tarsi; also, the male genitalia are specifically different among the three species. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 103 PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) CAVATA (Bates) FicureE 12, d-f Listrochelus cavatus Batss, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 170, 1888. Male.—Robust-oval, rufotestaceous to rufocastaneous above, strongly shining, glabrous above. Head lacking the transverse carina of vertex; front sparsely, moderately coarsely punctate; clypeal suture fine, not impressed; clypeus transverse and somewhat bowl-shaped owing to the moderately reflexed apical margin, surface finely and densely punctured; apex truncate, angles narrowly rounded. Antenna 10-segmented, testaceous, segment 3 the longest of the funicle, club a little shorter than the funicle. Thorax subrugosely, finely, and densely punctate; base and apex with strong marginal lines and both without cilia; sides roundly, arcuately dilated, the entire margin coarsely crenate and ciliate; hind angles very obtusely sub- angulate, nearly rounded, the front angles similar. Elytra finely, densely, and regularly punctate; sutural and first and second striae prominent. Pygidium unusually convex, highly polished, finely, sparsely, and irregularly punctured, apparently glabrous (minute hairs visible under high power); apex thickened and truncate; apical half of the propygidium very finely and very sparsely punctate. Abdomen highly polished, smooth (and hardly perceptibly punctate) at center; apical half of the fifth and the entire sixth segments with a fine longitudinal impression at center of each; sixth segment shorter than fifth, finely and sparsely punctate. Tarsal claws pectinate along a single margin, without larger intercalated teeth; first segment of hind tarsi noticeably shorter than the second. First segment of front tarsus with a very small inner spine at apex. Hind tibial spurs long, slender. Front tibia with upper tooth weakly indicated and closely adjacent to the large median tooth. Female (from Bates’s description).—Pygidium plane, polished, very sparsely punctate; apical margin explanate and bidentate. Apex of fifth abdominal segment transversely sulcate, sixth large, convex, grossly punctate, apex with deep fovea and margin widely and pro- foundly sinuate. All claws with a subapical tooth. Length—11-13 mm. Width—6-7 mm. Type.—In the British Museum (Natural History). Type locality—‘San Antonio de Arriba and Mexico City, in Mexico.” Also “Cuidad and Ventanas in Durango, and Real del Monte in Hidalgo for the variety durangoensis.”’ Specimens examined.—Males, 2; females, 0. Mexico: 1 cotype from Cuidad in Durango, lent by the British Museum. Nrw Mexico: Las Vegas, August 11 [Saylor]. 104 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 89 Remarks.—This typical form of the species is rare in the United States, and only the one specimen from this country is known to the author at the present time; various closely related species are found along our southern boundaries and in northern Mexico (L. caehisa Saylor and L. meadei Saylor). PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) MICROS (Bates) Figure 12, gi Listrochelus micros BatxEs, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 170, 1888. Male—Robust-oval, rufotestaceous to rufocastaneous, strongly shining, glabrous dorsally except at lateral margins of the thorax and elytra. Head with front sparsely, coarsely, and somewhat regularly punctate; clypeal apex moderately to strongly reflexed, surface densely punctate. Antennal club longer throughout than in L. cavata but subequal to the funicle. Thorax with a small median smooth space. First segment of hind tarsus nearly equal to second. Upper tooth of front tibiae strong, the three teeth equidistant. Elytra rather rugosely wrinkled, much more so than in L. cavata. Hind tarsi nearly as long as their respective tibiae. Unless otherwise indicated, the thoracic, elytral, pygidial, abdominal, and claw characters are as described for Z. cavata. Female——Antennal club shorter than funicle. Pygidium convex, highly polished and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate, apparently glabrous (minute hairs visible only under high power), apex with two obtuse lobes of moderate length, the two separated by a U-shaped notch (see drawing). Abdomen convex and highly polished, segments 1-5 connate; sixth segment long, apex with a moderately wide emargination, the surface just before the emargina- tion with a small fovea; surface moderately densely and coarsely punctate, apex ciliate. Front tibiae strongly tridentate. All claws with a strong median tooth, surface between the tooth and the base dentate along a single margin. Hind tarsus shorter than their respec- tive tibiae. Otherwise similar to the male. Length —8-14 mm. Width—6-7.5 mm. Type.—tIn the British Museum (Natural History). Type locality —Toluca, Mexico. Specimens examined.—Males, 7; females, 3. Co torapo: Denver, July 1902 [Saylor]. Mexico: Pachuca, Hidalgo [Saylor]; Guerrero: Mills, Hidalgo [Saylor and Sanderson]; San Miguel, Hidalgo [Saylor and Sanderson]; Toluca (cotype) [Saylor]. Remarks.—The Colorado specimen is much lighter in color than the Mexican examples and a trifle more elongate; also the antennal: club is much more robust in the former specimen and just a little REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 105 shorter than the funicle, but the majority of characters ally it with this species and the genitalia are apparently identical. There is some little variation in the Mexican specimens, and the extremes in size and color look quite different superficially, but all essential characters are apparently exactly similar, and in several instances the extremes have been collected togevher. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) MEADEI, new species Fieurss 4, c; 12, j-l Male—Antennal club testaceous and slightly longer than the rufous funicle. Clypeal apex weakly reflexed. Thorax with a small irregular median smooth area. Fifth abdominal segment at apex weakly incised, not longitudinally impressed; sixth with faint trace of the impressed longitudinal line. First two hind tarsal segments subequal in length. All three teeth of front tibia strongly developed and equidistant. Otherwise, all characters are the same as described for L. cavata. Female.—Antennal club much shorter than the funicle. Pygidium plane on disk, widely and transversely gibbose just before the rather acuminate apex (especially evident in lateral view); disk very sparsely punctate; apical margin itself slightly incised and the sides expanded a bit so as to form two very blunt teeth, which are separated from each other by a moderately broad and rather shallow emargination. Apical segment of abdomen convex and coarsely punctate and having only the faintest trace of a very small fovea at the middle apex (absent entirely in a few specimens). All claws serrate along a single margin with a large triangular tooth nearly at the center. Length —12-14 mm. Width—6-7 mm. Types —Holotype and allotype are from San Antonio in Durango, Mexico, and were collected by Al Meade on June 10, 1937 [Saylor], and are deposited in the National Museum (No. 53768). Paratypes: Males, 11; females, 19. Mexico: From the same locality as the types [Saylor]; Torreon, Chiapas, June 14, 1937. (Meade) [Saylor]; J. Manuel, El Salto, Durango, 9,300 feet, June 10, 1937 (Meade) [Saylor]. Remarks.—Described in the present revision since it is so closely allied with the rest of the Z. cavata complex and may be expected to occur within our borders. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) COCHISA, new species FIGURE 12, a-c Male.—Rufotestaceous to rufocastaneous above, strongly shining. Front moderately, not densely punctate. Antennal club subequal to funicle. Thorax finely, densely, somewhat irregularly punctate, with 106 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 89 suggestions of a smooth median discal area. Upper tooth of front tibia moderately strong. Hind tarsus longer than the tibia. Other- wise similar in all respects to L. cavata. Female —Antennal club robust, much shorter than the funicle. Pygidium highly polished, glabrous, finely and moderately densely punctate, surface minutely alutaceous; disk strongly gibbose before apex, the apex nearly truncate and somewhat thickened. Abdomen highly polished, segments 1-5 subconnate; sixth segment large, apical half with a moderately broad U-shaped emargination. Hind tarsus as long as their tibiae. All claws with a moderately large tooth slightly beyond the middle, the surface between the tooth and claw base denticulate. Otherwise as in the male. Length —11-13 mm. Width—5.5-6.7 mm. Types.—Holotype and allotype are from Cochise County, Ariz., July [Saylor] and are deposited in the United States National Museum (No. 53769). Paratypes.—Males, 1; females, 3. Arizona: Cochise County [Saylor]; Pinery Canyon, Cochise County, Chiricahua Mountains, 6,000 feet, July 19, 1919 (Witmer Stone) [American Museum]. Mexico: ‘‘Mexico”’ [Casey]. Remarks.—Apparently rather local in our territory. The Mexican examples in the Casey collection agree in all respects except that the female pygidium is more closely punctate on the apical gibbosity than in the typical form. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) TEXENSIS, new species Fraure 10, m, o Male.—Robust-oval, thorax rufous and polished, remainder of dorsal surface rufocastaneous; elytra and sides of thorax usually densely pruinose, apparently glabrous above. Antenna castaneous, club testaceous and subequal to the funicle. Head with dense vario- late punctures, those at the middle of the clypeal disk a little finer than those of the front; clypeal suture strongly biarcuate; clypeal apex reflexed, subtruncate, the angles broadly rounded; vertex with a moderately strong transverse carina, the surface behind this impunc- tate. Thorax with fine, dense, regularly placed punctures, these closer near apex and somewhat sparser at the center of the disk; lateral margins coarsely crenate, with rather short cilia; hind angles obtuse. Elytra with coarse, sparse punctures, with minute hairs visible in a strong light; striae obsolete, except the sutural, which widens noticeably posteriorly. Pygidium evenly convex, with dense, fine punctures and short, minute hair; basal three-fifths pruinose, apical portion polished and less densely punctate. Abdomen flat and pruinose at center, with fine, sparse, setigerous punctures; sixth seg- REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 107 ment convex, impunctate in basal half and coarsely punctate in apical half, with a distinct though very blunt transverse carina at the center. Inner front claw always with a distinct tooth at center, all others (rarely the inner claws of both kind and middle tarsi have faint traces of a larger tooth) serrate apparently along a single margin, and without larger intercalated teeth. Female.—Antennal club equal to funicle. Punctation of head much coarser and denser than in the male. Pygidium flattened, with sparse, fine punctures and very short, suberect hair, the punctures in the apical polished half of the disk very sparse; basal discal area pruimose or subpruinose. Abdomen polished, evenly convex, with sparse and fine setigerous punctures; sixth segment and apical half of the preced- ing sternite more coarsely punctate than the remaining segments. All claws with a strong median tooth, surface basad of the tooth ser- rate (hind claws in one female worn and the larger teeth barely visi- ble). Otherwise as in male. Length—11-14 mm. Width.—5.5-6.8 mm. Types.—From Brownsville, Tex., June 5, 1932 [Saylor], deposited in the United States National Museum (No. 53770). Paratypes: Males, 13; females, 4. Texas: Esperanza Ranch, Brownsville, July (Schwarz) [U.S.N.M.]; Del Rio, July 23, 955 feet (Wickham) [U.S.N.M.]; Sabinal, June 8 (Pratt) [U.S.N.M.]; Browns- ville, July (Linsley) [Saylor and Snow Museum]; Sanderson, July 1937 (Al Meade) [Saylor]; Stillwater, July 4, light trap [Reinhard]; San Juan, May 10 (Stugard) [Sanderson]; Uvalde, June 15 and May (Linsley) [Saylor]. Remarks.—Externally probably closest superficially to L. cushmani, but quite different in the male genital and claw characters. The male genitalia of the present species are not closely similar in form to any others in the genus. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) WICKHAMI, new species Ficures 2, h, 1; 10 2,7 Male.—Robust-oval to elongate-oval, testaceous to rufotestaceous, thorax and head rufous, strongly shining; elytra subpruinose to shining. Head with front coarsely, moderately densely, variolately punctate, apparently glabrous; vertex with transverse carina strongly elevated, surface behind this impunctate; clypeus punctured as front but a little less densely so and usually with small impunctate area at center of disk, apex subtruncate, angles greatly rounded, giving the clypeus almost a semicircular appearance, apex moderately reflexed; clypeal suture strongly biarcuate. Antenna 10-segmented, rufotestaceous, club testaceous, one-fifth to one-fourth longer than funicle to almost one-third longer, segments 6 and 7 of funicle transverse and prolonged 108 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 on inner side into small spines. Thorax highly polished, with fine sparse punctures separated by a distance equal to two to four times their diameters, denser at sides and apex, usually disk entirely glabrous, rarely with few hairs near margins; lateral margins moderately strongly crenulate, with long cilia; base and apex of thorax strongly, entirely margined; angles subangulate and very obtuse. Elytra moderately densely, finely punctured, and rugosely wrinkled, with short sparse suberect hair; costae, except sutural, not indicated. Pygidium convex, shining, very sparsely and finely punctured, punc- tures sparsest near apex, with short suberect hairs, apex subtruncate. Abdomen flattened at center, with very shallow, rather wide, median longitudinal sulcus; surface finely sparsely punctate, with short and erect hairs; fifth plane; sixth usually slightly longer than fifth, flat- tened, punctured as fifth, apex ciliate. All claws finely serrate to subpectinate along a double margin, usually the serrations of similar size, rarely with the outer row of outer front claw with a much larger, submedian, acute tooth. First and second hind tarsal segments sub- equal in length and of nearly the same shape and width throughout. Female.—Antennal club equal to funicle. Clypeal disk with or without an impunctate area at the base; apex less reflexed than in the male and more widely rounded. Pygidium convex but flattened on disk, highly and entirely polished, with sparse, very fine punctures, each bearing a minute subprocumbent hair; apex rounded, slightly declivous, ciliate. Front and middle claws serrate along a single margin and each with a small median tooth intercalated with the serra- tions; the inner of the hind claws without a larger intercalated tooth and the larger tooth of the outer claw very minute or absent (in the two examples at hand). Abdomen convex, highly polished, nearly glabrous and impunctate at center; fifth segment finely and sparsely punctate, with fine suberect hairs; sixth segment more coarsely punctate than the fifth. Otherwise as in the male. Length— 12-14 mm. Width.—5.5-7 mm. Types.—‘Deming, New Mexico, August 1918 (Wickham)’’ (male) and ‘‘Castolon, Tex., June 11, 1928 (F. Bibby)’ [Reinhard] (female), both in the United States National Museum (No. 53771). Paratypes: Males, 12; females, 2. New Mexico: Deming, July 11, 4,300 feet (Wickham) [U.S. N. M.]; Pyramid Peak, Dona Ana County, July 30 (Fosberg) [Los Angeles Museum and Saylor]; ‘‘N. M., August”’ [Van Dyke]. Texas: Brewster County, Chisos Mountains, July 10 (Mitchell and Cushman) [U. S. N. M.]; Castolon, June 11 (F. Bibby) [Reinhard]; Marathon, June 18 (Linsley) [Saylor]; Presidio County, July 16 (Beamer) [Snow Museum]. Arizona: Wilcox, July 24 (Hubbard and Schwarz) [U.S. N. M.];‘‘ Arizona” (Al Meade) [Sayloc]. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 109 Remarks.—Superficially resembles L. cochisa or a small flavipennis but not at all close to either species. Named for H. F. Wickham, who collected such fine series of many species in this group. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) CUSHMANI, new species Ficure 6, 2, j Male.—Elongate-oval, strongly shining, elytra opaque or pruinose; apparently glabrous except for elytra. Head with dense and very coarse punctures, those of the clypeal apex sparser than those of front and somewhat finer; clypeal apex truncate and slightly reflexed, angles broadly rounded, transverse carina of vertex strongly indi- cated, impunctate behind. Antennal club short but subequal to funicle. Thorax with moderately coarse and dense punctures; lateral margins coarsely crenate, with short and coarse cilia; disk under high magnification showing extremely minute hairs. KElytra punctured as thorax, but more sparsely so, the hairs much more obvious; striae not obvious, the sutural striae also not prominent. Pygidium convex, with very fine and not dense punctures, with short, fine hairs, apex truncate. Abdomen flattened, highly polished, with very fine and sparse punctures; fifth sternite slightly impressed transversely at apex; sixth segment convex, with a slight transverse carina just before the middle, the surface posterior to this impunctate, that anterior to it coarsely punctured, with short and erect hair. All claws with a strong median tooth, surface between tooth and claw base minutely serrate. First segment of hind tarsus normal; first segment of front tarsus without a spine at the inner apex. Female.—Unknown. Length—12.5-14 mm. Width.—5-—6 mm. Types.—Brewster County, Chisos Mountains, Tex., June 10, 1908, a male collected at light by Cushman and Mitchell; in the United States National Museum (No. 53772). Paratypes: Males, 8; females, 0. Trxas: Brewster County, Chisos Mountains, June 10 [U.S.N.M.]; Presidio, May 1 (Owen, Jr.) [Rein- hard]; Big Bend Park, Brewster County, July 29, 1937 (Rollin Baker) [Cartwright]. New Mexico: Pyramid Peak, Dona Ana County, August 9 (Fosberg) [Los Angeles Museum]. Arizona: “Arizona,” August 9, 1937 (Al Meade) [Saylor]. Mexico: Sierra Mojada, Coahuila [Saylor]; Villa Juarez, Tamps, 300 feet, May 26, 1937 (Meade) [Saylor]; J. Manuel, El Salto, Durango, June 3, 1937, 9,300 feet (Meade) [Saylor]; Torreon, Chiapas, May 28, 1937 [Saylor]. Remarks.—Superficially close to L. texensis but very distinct in the male genitalia as well as in the presence of the median larger tooth of the tarsal claw. Named for one of the collectors, R. A. Cushman, of the U. S. Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine. 110 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 8% PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) MACMURRYI, new species Fiaures 3, j; 10, k, l, n Male.—Robust-oval, testaceorufous, head and thorax rufous, shining and densely hairy above. Head and clypeus coarsely, variolately, not rugosely punctate, the punctures of front and vertex separated by one-half to once their diameters, with erect hair; the punctures of clypeus a little smaller and sparser than those of the front; carina of vertex moderately sharp and distinct; clypeus sharply reflexed, apex subtruncate, angles rounded. Antenna 9-segmented, third and fourth segments longer than broad and subequal, fifth and sixth transverse or subtransverse and shorter than the third and fourth; club small and somewhat lighter colored than funicle and subequal to, or slightly longer than, the funicle. Thorax with lateral margins roundly dilated, with long cilia, hardly noticeably crenulate; hind angles varying from with no trace of any angle to slightly through very obtusely angulate, the basal margin fine but entire; front angles obtuse and not prominent; disk finely punctured, the punctures separated by a distance equal to once to twice their diameters, with fine long erect hair over the major portion of the disk. Elytra moderately rugosely wrinkled, finely sparsely punctate, with very fine, long, erect hairs, these hairs shorter near apex; apex of each elytron as viewed from above apparently truncate or subtruncate; pygidium convex, highly polished, very finely, scarcely perceptibly punctate, with sparse, suberect, short hairs in basal area, apex rounded to subtruncate and often somewhat explan- ate. Abdomen polished at center, smooth, with dense short hair on sides, sutures obsolete; fifth segment wrinkled on sides, apical margin somewhat raised and slightly, semicircularly emarginate at apex; sixth segment longer than fifth, with a raised, transverse, cariniform process in the shape of a very wide V just apical from the basal margin; the summit of the carinae with a few short hairs, the remainder of the surface flattened and impunctate except for the ciliate apical margin. All claws finely pectinate along a double margin, the outer margin of each claw with a large tooth just slightly beyond middle, at times the hind claws subpectinate or serrate. Female.—Thorax slightly less densely punctate. Antenna ap- parently 9-segmented, club ovate but nearly equal to funicle. Pygidi- um somewhat convexly flattened, disk with fine, moderately dense punctures, with a few very fine, short, and erect hairs; disk in apical two-fifths moderately deeply and broadly longitudinally impressed, the surface each side of the impression slightly gibbose; apex slightly emarginate, the sides of emargination broadly rounded. Abdomen convex, highly polished and with fine, moderately dense setiferous punctures, the hairs rather fine and short; segments 1-4 with sutures nearly effaced at the middle; fifth segment transversely impressed in REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR E11 apical third and rather coarsely punctured thereon, with much finer punctures basally; sixth as long as preceding, somewhat convex, with dense and coarse punctures, and moderately long and erect hairs. Hind tarsus distinctly shorter than their tibiae. All claws serrate along a double margin (20) and with a somewhat larger tooth at the middle. Otherwise as in the male. Length —10-13 mm. Width.—5d-—6 mm. Types.—Holotype male from Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, Oklahoma, April 1938 (Frank McMurry) [Saylor] and allotype female from Austin, Tex., July [Saylor]; both are in the United States National Museum (No. 53773). Paratypes: Males, 16; females, 2. Oxianoma: Headquarters site, Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, May 11, 1938 (Frank McMurry) {Saylor and U. S. Biological Survey]; Wichita Mountains, April 16, 1918 (R. Kuntz) [Univ. Oklahoma]; Wichita National Forest, May 3, 1936 [Saylor]. Texas: Austin, June and July [Saylor]. Remarks.—This hairy little species is abundantly distinct from all other United States species of the group, and the small robust body and shining surface, with the dense long hair of the entire dorsal surface readily distinguish it. Named for Frank McMurry, of the U. S. Biological Survey, who collected the Oklahoma specimens and trans- mitted them to the writer. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) DUNCANI (Barrett) Ficure 6, g, h Listrochelus duncani BARRETT, Can. Ent., vol. 65, p. 129, 1933. Male.—Oblong-oval, shining above, sparsely pilose, rufotestaceous, head and thorax rufous. Head with front and clypeus coarsely, very rugosely punctate, punctures of front variolate and nearly contiguous, those of clypeus smaller and much denser at the center of disk, front and clypeus with sparse, short, erect hair; transverse occipital ridge moderately sharp and distinct, entire; clypeus moderately reflexed and very slightly emarginate at apex, angles broadly rounded. Antenna 10-segmented, 3-5 subequal, 6 and 7 transverse, club lighter in color and nearly one-third longer than funicle. Thorax very finely, rather regularly punctured, with a broad, median, impunctate strip, disk apparently glabrous except for several minute hairs at center of base; front and hind marginal lines entire, that of front margin greatly widened; lateral margins coarsely crenate, ciliate, hind and front angles obtuse but evident, not prominent. LElytra finely wrinkled, very finely sparsely punctate, with minute semierect hair; sutural striae wide and prominent, elytral disk with one strongly oblique stria running from inside the humeral umbos toward the sutural stria and fading out just before reaching the latter. Pygidium convex, 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 89 faintly pruinose at base, finely, moderately densely punctate, with minute hair, apex polished and subtruncate. Abdomen subpruinose at sides, slightly shining at middle, very slightly convex and finely sparsely punctate at center, with short suberect hair; fifth segment plane, very slightly, hardly noticeably, transversely impressed near apex; sixth with faint longitudinal sulcus, surface moderately densely, coarsely punctate, with sparse short hairs. All claws with a small triangular, median tooth, and minutely serrate on a single margin. Female —Unknown. Length—12 m. Width.—5.5 mm. Type: In the collection of the Snow Museum at Kansas University. Type locality —“‘Chiricahua Mts., Ariz., VII-2-32, Duncan Col- lector.”’ Specimens examined.—The holotype, examined through the kindness of the describer, R. E. Barrett, of Saticoy, Calif. Remarks.—The male genitalia are not closely similar in form to those of any other species. Known only from the type. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) ARIZONA, new species FicureE 6, e, f Male.—Identical in all respects with LZ. duncani, differing only in the conformation of the genitalia (see fig. 6, e, f). Female.—More robust, elytra with longer and more obvious hair; antennal club small and shorter than the funicle. All claws with a strong median tooth and minutely serrate between the base and the tooth along a single margin. Transverse carina of vertex well de- veloped. Pygidium slightly convex, smooth, polished, slightly prui- nose basally; disk with fine and sparse punctures, apex rounded. Abdomen convex, polished, smooth, apex of fifth and of sixth segment with coarse and moderately dense punctures. Otherwise as in the male. Length —11-15 mm. Width.—5.5-6 mm. Types.—Holotype male from Prescott, Ariz. [Saylor], and allotype female from Fort Wingate, N. Mex. [Casey], both deposited in the United States National Museum (No. 53774). Paratypes: Males, 7; females, 3. Arizona: Prescott, May [Saylor]; Williams, July 1920 (Barber and Schwarz) [U.S.N.M.]; Bright Angel (Barber and Schwarz) [U.S.N.M.]; Phoenix [Saylor], Springerville, 1927 (Beamer) [Snow Museum]. Trxas: Fedor, May [Saylor]. Remarks—Some variation occurs: The transverse carina of the vertex is sometimes interrupted at the middle; the smooth central area of the thorax may not be a distinct band but may have an un- even edge; the pygidium may be less densely and more coarsely punctate; and the antennal club may vary from one-fourth to one- third longer than the funicle. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 113 PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) TIMIDA (Horn) FIGURE 3, a-—c Listrochelus timidus Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 7, p. 146, 1878. Male.—Small, apparently glabrous above; color rufous to rufotesta- ceous, the elytra sometimes nearly testaceous. Front of head entirely covered with gross, contiguous, variolate punctures; transverse ridge of vertex not prominent, the surface immediately behind the ridge densely punctured, the punctures much smaller and more transverse than those of the front, and with dense, minute, subprocumbent hair; clypeus punctured nearly as coarsely as front but much less densely so, the punctures not contiguous; clypeal apex narrowly, not deeply emarginate, angles broadly rounded and moderately reflexed; eyes rather large. Antenna 10-segmented, club subovate and nearly equal to funicle in length. Thorax with coarse, moderately dense punctures, the latter much closer along the apical margin and most sparse at the center of the disk; lateral margins entire, nonciliate, the angles ob- tusely angulate, front angles often slightly explanate; base and apex with strong, complete marginal lines. Elytra coarsely, not densely punctate, the oblique striae moderately prominent; many of the punc- tures, especially near and at the apex, with minute, hardly evident hairs. Pygidium subopaque, slightly convex, sparsely and coarsely punctured, with short procumbent hairs, apex subrounded. Abdomen flattened at middle, sparsely and finely punctate, shining; fifth seg- ment one-half as long as fourth and plane except for a row of coarse setigerous punctures along the apical margin. All claws finely serrate to nearly plane and smooth, without any larger intercalated teeth. Front tarsus without projections at the inner apex of each segment. Female.—Antennal club equal to segments 3-7 combined, abdomen slightly convex, polished, fifth segment and apex of the sixth coarsely but sparsely punctate; all claws with a strong tooth slightly beyond the middle, the surface between the tooth and the claw base minutely serrate. Otherwise similar to the male. Length— 8-11 mm. Width.—3.5-5 mm. Type.—tIn the Horn collection in Philadelphia. Type locality —‘“‘Arizona.” . Specimens examined.—Males, 116; females, 47. Arizona: Santa Catalina Mountains, Gila Bend, Tucson, Canyon Lake, Liberty, and base of Pinal Mountains, taken from April to late in September. Remarks.—A common little species and one of the few in the genus in which the area of the vertex behind the transverse ridge of the front is densely, coarsely, and almost completely punctured; in most species this area is either entirely smooth or but sparsely punctate, and then only at the sides. The tarsal claws in fresh specimens are 114 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 89 distinctly though finely serrate, but they appear to be almost smooth in some worn specimens. The Mexican L. mimicana Saylor is with difficulty separated from this species externally, but the genitalia of the males are not only of radically different form but are nearly four times as large in the Mexican species as in ours. Also, L. snour Saylor, described herein from Arizona, is rather close to L. timida but has different genitalia. The present species is commonly attracted to light. PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) SNOWI. new species FicureE 3, d-f Male.—Small, shining, elongate; thorax rufous, otherwise testaceous to rufotestaceous; apparently glabrous above except for minute, scarcely perceptible elytral hairs. Head very coarsely, densely, and contiguously punctate; transverse ridge of vertex moderately strong, surface behind coarsely and entirely punctate; clypeal apex slightly emarginate, somewhat reflexed, angles very broadly rounded. An- tennal club ovate, testaceous, and subequal to funicle. Thorax evenly convex, with coarse and dense punctures, and a row of im- pressed punctures just posterior to the apical margin; lateral margins entire, nonciliate, the angles broadly rounded and not explanate. Elytral striae, except sutural, obsolete. Pygidium convex, shining, with coarse and moderately dense punctures. Abdomen flattened, polished, the sixth segment impunctate at base, with coarse setigerous punctures along the apical margin. All claws with slight but distinct pectinations along a single margin, without intercalated teeth. Female —Unknown. Length—10 mm. Width—5.5 mm. Type.—The unique male type is from Congress, Ariz., collected by F. H. Snow in July, and is deposited in the collection of the Kansas Museum, from whence it was lent for study through Messrs. Sanderson and Benedict. Remarks.—While superficially close to L. timida, the present species is easily distinguished through the characters of the male genitalia and the much more obvious claw pectination, the latter being at most minutely serrate in L. timida. It is interesting to speculate on the possibility that ZL. snowi has evolved from the L. timida type, since the apical portions of the male genitalia of the former appear to be merely an outfolding and flattening of the ZL. timida type; since the genitalia of each species are quite rigid, there is but little or no chance that the L. snow: genitalia are merely a deformed speci- men of L. timida, and moreover, the two species are separated by external characters also. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 115 PHYLLOPHAGA (LISTROCHELUS) SENEX (Horn) Figure, 2, b Listrochelus senex Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 7, p. 148, 1878. Male.—Oblong-oval, rufous and shining above, glabrous dorsally. Head without an obvious transverse carina on vertex, front very densely, coarsely, and variolately punctate; clypeal suture nearly straight; clypeus flat, more sparsely punctate than front; clypeal apex hardly at all reflexed, subtruncate, the center faintly emarginate, angles narrowly rounded. Antenna with club very robust (thickest in subgenus) and slightly longer than to one-third longer than, the funicle; segments 4—7 inclusive somewhat, to distinctly, transverse. Thorax very convex, with sparse coarse punctures in center disk, the punctures closer laterally; lateral margins coarsely crenate, front angles blunt, hind angles sharp but obtuse, base with a strong margi- nalline. Elytra sparsely and not very coarsely punctate, striae obso- lete. Pygidium somewhat convex, smooth and shining, with very small punctures and very short and sparse hair, apex rounded. Abdo- men polished, smooth, very sparsely and finely punctate; sixth seg- ment nearly as long as the fifth and with a short backward-projecting lobe at center in lateral view (fig. 2, 6), the apex of the lobe truncate, surface of the segment polished, smooth, sparsely and finely punctate. All claws long and slender, minutely serrate along a single margin, without any larger intercalated teeth. Female.—Black or rufous in color; transverse ridge of occiput rather prominent; antennal club shorter than funicle; sixth abdominal seg- ment plane, sparsely and coarsely punctate; pygidium slightly more coarsely punctate than in the male; all claws finely serrate along a single margin and each with a triangular tooth at center. Otherwise as in the male. Length.—11-12.5 mm. Width.—5-6 mm. Type.—In the Horn collection. Type locality —‘“‘Llano Estacado, Texas.” Specimens examined.—Males, 14; females, 3. Texas: Fort Clark [Saylor]. New Mexico: Mesilla Park [U.S.N.M. and Saylor]; Albuquerque, May 22 (Schaeffer) [Robinson, U.S.N.M., Casey]. Remarks.—The color varies from rufous to or nearly quite black. Apparently rather rare in collections. 116 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 89 BIBLIOGRAPHY 1850. BLANcHARD, Emre: Catalogue de la collection entomologique du Museum d’ Histoire Naturelle de Paris, Coleoptera, 240 pp. Paris. Describes the genus Listrochelus (pp. 141-142), with the Mexican ZL. /aportaei Blanchard as the type species. 1856. LacorparrRE, JEAN THEopore: Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera des coléoptéres..., vol. 3,594 pp. Paris. Discusses (pp. 287-288) the generic characters and compares them with those of Phyllophaga. 1856. LeContrr, Joun Lawrence: Synopsis of the Melolonthidae of the United States. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, vol. 3, pp. 225-288. Modifies the generic limits of Listrochelus (p. 262) and describes as new the species L. mucoreus, texanus, obtusus, falsus, fimbripes, and scoparius. (JL. teranus and obtusus now = mucoreus.) 1863. ———————: New species of North American Coleoptera. Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 6, No. 167, 177 pp. Describes as new L. puberulus (p. 78) and L. densicollis (p. 77). 1878. Horn, Grorce H.: Revision of the species of Listrochelus of the United States. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 7, pp. 1387-148. Gives keys to all 7 known United States species and describes as new L. senez, timidus, opacicollis, sociatus, and disparilis. (JL. sociatus has been removed to Fhyllophaga by the pres- ent author.) 1885. ——————_-: Descriptions of new North American Scarabaeidae. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 12, pp. 117-128. Describes as new L. flavipennis and gracilis (p. 123). 1888. Bares, Henry Watrer: Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, vol. 2, pt. 2, 432 pp., 24 pls. Lists (p. 169) the one Mexican species known and describes § new species from that country; lists also (p. 173) the United States species L. mucorews and scoparius as having been seen from Mexico. 1894. Horn, Georce H.: The Coleoptera of Baja California. Proc. California Acad. Sci., ser. 2, vol. 4, pp. 302—449, 2 pls. Describes as new Z. carminator (p. 398). 1896. LineLL, Martin L.: New species of North American Coleoptera of the family Scarabaeidae. Proce. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 18, pp. 721-731. Describes as new L. pulcher (p. 730). 1908. ScHanrrer, CHartes: New Coleoptera, with notes on some New Jersey Histeridae. Ent. News, vol. 19, pp. 318-321. Describes as new L. tarsalis (p. 319). > 1914. WickHamM, Henry Freprerick: New Miocene Coleoptera from Florissant. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 58, pp. 421-494, 16 pls. Describes (p. 459; pl. 6, fig. 10) the fossil species L. puerilis from the Miocene deposits at Flor- issant, Colo. (It is not at all certain that this species belongs in this genus, since the claws on the specimen cannot be seen in detail.) 1922. Fant, Henry Cuinton: New Coleoptera, X. Can. Ent., vol. 54, pp. 170-173. Describes as new LZ. longiclavus (p. 173). (This is a synonym of Phyllophaga crinita Bur- meister.) REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR aw 1932. Faty, Henry Cuinton: New North American Scarabaeidae, with remarks on known species. Journ. New York Ent. Soc., vol. 40, pp. 1838-204. Describes as new L. plenus (p. 199) and LZ. juvenilis (p. 200). (L. juvenilis is now included in the subgenus Phyliophaga sensu stricto.) 1933. Barrerr, R. E.: New species of North American Scarabaeidae (Coleop.). Can. Ent., vol. 65, pp. 129-130. Describes as new L. duncani (p. 129; pl. 8). 1934. Cuapin, Epwarp ALBERT: A new Listrocheius injuring Pinus ponderosa Lawson in the Rocky Mountain region (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Proce. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 47, pp. 938-94. Describes as new L. langeri (a synonym of L. falsus). 1935. ————_———: Review of the genus Chlaenobia Blanchard (Coleoptera: Searabaeidae). Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 94, No. 9, 20 pp., 12 figs, Revises the genus Chlaenobia (herein designated as a subgenus) and discusses generic concepts in the rhizotrogine scarabs. 1937. Saytor, LawRENcE W.: Necessary changes in status of important rhizo- trogid genera (Col. Scarabaeidae). Rev. Ent., vol. 7, pp. 318-322. Discusses validity of genera in the Phyllophaga complex. 1938. Arrow, G. J.: The coleopterous genus Anthypna. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 11, vol. 2, pp. 285-290. Mentions (p. 286) generic and subgeneric usage of names. 1939. Sartor, Lawrence W.: Revision of the beetles of the melolonthine sub- genus Phytalus of the United States. Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 86, pp. 157-167. Revises the United States species of Phytalus and discusses further subgeneric revisions in the Phyllophaga complex of genera. Lis PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 89 Ficure 1.—Male specimen of Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) disparilis (Horn). REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 119 é Figure 2.—Lateral views of male abdomen of (a) Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) tarsalis; (b) P. (L.) senex; (c) P- (L.) falsa; (d) P. (L.) scoparia; (e) P. (L.) trochanter. f-g, P. (L-) flavipennis: f, Outer side of front outer claw of male; g, inner side of front inner claw of male. h, i, P. (L.) wickhami: h, Outer side of front outer claw of male; 7, outer side of hind outer claw of male. j, P. (L-) neomexicana: Outer side of hind outer claw of male. 120 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 89 ay ee m n Ficure 3.—a-c, Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) timida: a, Dorsal view of male genitalia; b, en-face view of male genitalia; c, lateral view of male genitalia. d-f, P. (L.) snowt: d, En-face view of male genitalia; e, en face-dorsal view of male genitalia; f, lateral view of male genitalia. g, P. (L.) scoparia: View of female antenna. h, i, P. (L.) peninsu- laris: h, Lateral view of male genitalia; 1, en-jace view of male genitalia. ley (UE) macmurry1: Male antenna. k, P. (L.) opacicollis: First hind tarsus of male. [ORs (L.) fimbripes: First two anterior tarsal segments of female. m, P. (L.) tarsalis; First two posterior tarsi of female. n, P. (L.) koehleriana: Front tarsal segments of female. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 121 Ficure 4.—a, Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) trochanter: Enlarged view of hind coxa and femur to show prolonged trochanter. b, Same of P. (L.) scoparia. c, P. (L.) meadei: Female pygidium. d, P. (L.) tarsalis: First two hind tarsal segments of male. exh (L.) scoparia: Hind tarsus of male. f, P. (L.) falsa: First hind tarsal segment of male. g, P. (L.) granti: Hind tarsus of male. h, P. (L.) neomexicana: Dorsal view of hind tarsus of male. 122 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL, 89 Ficure 5.—a-c, Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) carminaior: a, Lateral view of male abdomen; b, lateral view of male genitalia; c, en-face view of male genitalia. d, P. (L.) grantt: Lateral view of male abdomen. e, f, P. (L.) densicollis: e, Lateral view of male geni- talia; f, en-face view of male genitalia. g, h, P. (L.) michelbacheri: g, Lateral view of male genitalia; h, en-face view of male genitalia. a-n, P. (L.) miraflora: i, En-face view of male genitalia of variety from Triunfo and San Bartola; 7, same of typical form; k, same of variety from 5 miles south of Miraflores; /, lateral view of male genitalia of variety from Triunfo and San Bartola; m, same of typical form from Miraflores; n, same of variety from 5 miles south of Miraflores. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 123 Ficure 6.—a-d, Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) disparilis: a, ¢, Two views of aedeagus of male; b, en-face view of male genitalia; d, lateral view of male genitalia. e, f, P. (L.) arizona: e, En-face view of male genitalia; f, lateral view of male genitalia. g,h, P. (L.) dun- cani: g, En-face view of male genitalia; h, lateral view of male genitalia. 4.4, by (Es) cushmani: i, Lateral view of male genitalia; 7, en-face view of male genitalia. k-n, P. (L.) scuticeps: k, Dorsal view of male aedeagus; /, lateral view of male genitalia; m, lateral view of male aedeagus; 1, en-face view of male genitalia. 124 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL, 89 Figure 7.—a-d, Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) huachuca: a, c, Two views of male aedeagus; b, en-face view of male genitalia; d, lateral view of male genitalia. e,f, P. (L.) scoparia: e, En-face view of male genitalia; f, lateral view of male genitalia. gj, P. (L.) chapini: g, Lateral view of male genitalia; h, 7, two views of male aedeagus; 1, en-face view of male genitalia. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 125 Ficure 8.—a-c, Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) reinhardi: a, Lateral view of male genitalia; b, lateral view of male aedeagus; c, en-face view of male genitalia. d-f, P. (L.) mucorea: d, En-face view of male genitalia; ¢, lateral view of male genitalia; f, lateral view of male aedeagus. g-i, P. (L.) pulcher: g, Lateral view of male genitalia; h, en-face view of male genitalia; 7, lateral view of male aedeagus. j-l, P. (L.) plena: 7, lateral view of male abdomen; &, lateral view of male genitalia; /, en-face view of male genitalia. m, P. (L.) disparilis: Pygidium of female. n, P. (L.) huachuca: Pygidium of female. 0, P. (L.) chapini: Pygidium of female. 126 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 89 i n Figure 9.—a-c, Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) falsa: a, Lateral view of male genitalia; D, en-face view of male genitalia; c, lateral view of male genitalia. d-f, P. (L.) trochanter: d, En-face view of male genitalia; ¢, enlarged en-face ventral view of tips of male genitalia; f, lateral view of male genitalia. gj, P. (L.) tarsalis: g, En-face view of male geni- talia; h, lateral view of male genitalia; 7, 7, two views of male aedeagus. k-n, P. (L.) Aimbripes: k, En-face view of male genitalia; J, lateral view of male genitalia; m, n, two views of male aedeagus. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 197 Ficure 10.—a-d, Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) flavipennis: a, Lateral view of male genitalia; b, d, two views of male aedeagus; c, en-face view of male genitalia. e-h, P. (L.) grantt: ¢, Lateral view of male genitalia; f, en-face view of male genitalia; g, h, two views of male aedeagus. i,j, P. (L.) wickhami: i, Lateral view of male genitalia; 7, en-face view of male genitalia. k,l, n, P. (L.) macmurryi: k, Lateral view of male genitalia; J, lateral view of male aedeagus; n, en-face view of male genitalia. m, 0, P. (L.) texensis: m, Lateral view of male genitalia; 0, en-face view of male genitalia. 128 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM von, 89 Ficure 11.—a-d, Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) koehleriana: a, b, Two views of male aedeagus; c, lateral view of male genitalia; d, en-face view of male genitalia. e-g, P. (L.) neo- mexicana: e, f, Two views of male aedeagus; g, en-face view of male genitalia. h-k, P. (L.) opacicollis: h, Lateral view of male genitalia; 7, 7, two views of maie aedeagus; k, en-face view of male genitalia. l-n, P. (L.) pilosipes: 1, En-face view of male genitalia; m, m, opposite sides in lateral view of male genitalia. o-r, P. (L.) parilis: 0, Lateral view of male genitalia; p, en-face view of male genitalia; g, 7, two views of male aedeagus. REVISION OF LISTROCHELUS—SAYLOR 129 Ficure 12.—a-c, Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) cochisa: a, En-face view of male genitalia; }, enlarged en face-ventral view of tips of male genitalia; c, lateral view of male genitalia. d-f, P. (L.) cavata: d, En-face view of male genitalia; ¢, enlarged en face-ventral view of male genitalia; f, lateral view of male genitalia. g-t, P. (L.) micros: g, En-face view of male genitalia; h, enlarged en face-ventral view of male genitalia; 1, lateral view of male genitalia. j-l, P. (L.) meadei: 7, Enlarged en face-ventral view of male geni- talia; k, lateral view of male genitalia; /, en-face view of male genitalia. 130 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you, 89 Ne we Rie SOS 6 Pebeniee Tet cae h Ficure 13.—a, b, Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) michelbacheri: a, Lateral view of male geni- talia; b, en-face view of male genitalia. c, d, P. (L.) densicollis: c, lateral view of fe- male genitalia; d, en-face view of female genitalia. e, f, P. (L.) miraflora: e, Lateral view of female genitalia; f, en-face view of female genitalia. g, 2, P. (L.) carminator: g, Lateral view of female genitalia; h, en-face view of female genitalia. 1, P. (L.) hua- chuca: En-face view of female genitalia. 7, P. (L.) granti: En-face view of female genitalia. U.$%. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1940 PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM issued SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Washington : 1941 No. 3096 THE CUBAN OPERCULATE LAND MOLLUSKS OF THE FAMILY ANNULARIIDAE, EXCLUSIVE OF THE SUB- FAMILY CHONDROPOMINAE By Cartos pE LA Torre and Paut Bartscu IN THE introduction to our monograph on ‘The Cuban Operculate Land Shells of the Subfamily Chondropominae”’! we gave a general historic account of the work preceding our effort. ‘The statements made there apply equally to the present paper. We are considering here the remaining subfamilies of the family Annulariidae known to inhabit Cuba, namely, the Rhytidopominae, Adamsiellinae, and Annulariinae. The differentiations which the members of this family have under- gone in Cuba are extraordinary and offer a field for speculation and theorizing unequaled in any other part of the world. We are con- fining our attention to the taxonomic side of the question, merely calling attention to demonstrable facts without expressing personal opinions regarding the speculative questions involved. Following Henderson and Bartsch,’ we are recognizing four sub- families in Annulariidae, basing our divisions upon opercular char- acters. All annularids have an operculum, consisting of a chondroid basal plate of a varying number of whorls. The whorls composing this plate may be simple, that is, without further differentiation, or they may have a granular calcareous deposit, or bear ribs or lamellae or 1 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 85, pp. 193-403, figs. 71-101, pls. 7-39, 1938. 1 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, pp. 49-82, 1920. 131 My PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 combinations of these characters, which easily fall into four categories here recognized as subfamilies. The first of these subfamilies, the Chondropominae, has a simple chondroid plate consisting of a number of whorls, which usually have more or less of a finely granular calcareous deposit on the outside. In the second, the Rhytidopominae, the whorls bear a calcareous desposit, which may consist of simple, retractively curved riblets that may remain distinct or may become fused at the edge into a solid plate. In the third, the Adamsiellinae, which is poorly repre- sented in Cuba, the upturned outer edge of the preceding whorl is strengthened and built into a strongly elevated lamella by the inner edge of the succeeding turn. This lamella has no ribbing or buttress- ing. In the fourth subfamily, the Annulariinae, the whorls of the operculum are provided with a strong calcified lamella, which rises from the inner edge of the turns; it may be vertically placed or re- flected to parallel the basal plate, and it may be smooth or ribbed. It is usually connected with the basal plate by reenforcement. The presence or absence of breathing devices of definite type is not restricted to any of the subfamilies; they find service in all of them. These breathing devices vary from a mere notch near the posterior angle of the aperture to a puncture in the parietal wall, which punc- ture may be further emphasized by having a siphon built on the out- side of it. This siphon even may be prolonged and deflected through the suture to the umbilicus, which it closes, and breathing is thus effected through the hollow axis of the shell and through the decol- lated apex. Or, the columellar wall may have a slit at some distance from the peristome, through which breathing communication is estab- lished with the hollow axis. Another feature, the taxonomic value of which we have not defi- nitely decided upon in this work, is the nuclear sculpture. The embryonic whorls, usually about two, are microscopically granulose, that is, smooth under hand-lens magnification. In two groups, Limadora and Limadorex, they bear strong definite sculpture; in the first this is thimble pitting, and in the second thimble pitting and spiral threads and axial ribs. In the rest of the shell characters they are not unlike other groups, but in these embryonic features they are widely at variance with the other members of the family. The three subfamilies here discussed confirm our findings in the Chondropominae: that Cuba represents three centers of develop- ment, namely, an eastern, a central, and a western province. Where we have referred in the keys to closely spaced or axial riblets, the statement refers to the later whorls. We have used brackets around certain names to indicate that the original describer gave credit for the species to the one whose name appears in brackets, for example ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer). CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 133 In conclusion, we wish to express again our thanks and appreciation to all the institutions and individuals acknowledged in our former paper. Without their continued help this monograph would have been incomplete. Subfamily RHYTIDOPOMINAE Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Rhytidopominae HENDERSON and Barrtscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, pp. 64-65. Shell ranging from elongate-conic through ovate to turbinate. Axial ribs are always present; they may vary from mere threads to lamellae; they may terminate simply; they may become expanded at the summit into broad denticles or even fused there into hollow cusps or tufts. Spiral threads may be present on spire, base, and umbilicus, or in the umbilicus only, or they may be even entirely absent. The last whorl may be adnate or solute and the umbilicus may be open or closed. The operculum has as a basis a chondroid plate composed of several whorls, the outer surface of which bears numerous, retractively slanting, raised lamellae, which vary greatly in strength in the different genera. They may extend completely across each whorl or they may cover only a part of it, as in Opistho- siphon. These lamellae may or may not be fused on their inner and outer termination. They may be rather distantly spaced or they may be almost fused at their edge. Special devices for breathing when the operculum closes the shell may be present or absent. They show an enormous range of specialized development, which will be discussed under each genus. Type genus.—Rhytidopoma Sykes. KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE SUBFAMILY RHYTIDOPOMINAE Breathing device present. Breathing siphon present. Siphon complete. Lamellae of the operculum extending completely BCTOSS tHewh OF eee ele eta ue = ee ee See Opisthoccelicum Lamellae of the operculum not extending completely across the whorl. Lamellae of the operculum fused at their inner and outer edge to form a spiral keel. Lamellae between the inner and outer keel as yhighvasiihe; keels. 3-22.02 se. = 2 es ee Torrella Lamellae between the inner and outer keel not as high as the keels, but concave at theifreeiedget 2 tats )st hia) as cers. Rhytidopoma Lamellae of the operculum not fused at their Outer edges n>. its Fee ot 3 es, HOpisthosiphon Siphomwivcompletes=hewers ot eae nee. Ee ee oe fe _. Dallsiphona 134 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Breathing siphon absent. Breathing puncture present. Breathing pore communicating with the space behind the withdrawn operculum---_-_-------------- Xenopomoides Breathing pore communicating with a channel at the posterior angle of the aperture connecting with the hollow axis somewhere behind the peristome_---_-- Rhytidothyra Breathing device absent. Last whorl of operculum covered by an overarching dome____ Kenopoma Last whorl of operculum not covered by an overarching dome- - Parachondria OPISTHOCOELICUM, new genus In this genus the operculum resembles that of Rhytidothyra, i. e., the reenforcements on the outside consist of strongly raised, retrac- tively curved lamellar ribs, which extend completely across the turns (they are not separated by a channel as they are in Opisthosiphon). A siphon is present immediately behind the peristome, at the posterior angle of the aperture. This siphon bends into the suture, and it connects with the umbilicus by a channel behind the expanded outer peristome. Type.—Opisthocoelicum (Opisthocoelicum) opisthocoele, new species. The genus appears to be confined to the provinces of Santa Clara and Camagiiey. We are recognizing three subgenera, which the following key will help to distinguish: KEY TO THE SUBGENERA OF OPISTHOCOELICUM Operculum too large to be withdrawn into the shell__________ Opisthocoelex Operculum not too large to be withdrawn into the shell. Axia] ribs gathered into hollow tufts at the summit_-______ Opisthocoelops Axial ribs not gathered into hollow tufts at the summit______- Opisthocoelicum OPISTHOCOELEX, new subgenus In this subgenus the inner peristome is much exserted and the oper- culum is much too large to be withdrawn into the shell, which it merely caps. The retractively curved lamellae on the outside of the operculum are fused laterally to form an almost continuous plate, resembling somewhat the operculum of Oolobostylus of Jamaica. The breathing device is the same as in typical Opisthocoelicum. In the present subgenus the axial ribs are thickened at the summit, but they are not gathered into tufts. Type: Opzsthocoelicum (Opisthocoeler) paradoxum (Torre and Henderson). CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 135 KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS OPISTHOCOELEX ACTS INTE SUClOSChY SDACCU: oon eee ee ee ee ee paradoxum Aialeribs@istantly; spaced] a2 2= snes se A he 8 oe ee simulans OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELEX) PARADOXUM (Torre and Henderson) Shell elongate-ovate, pale yellow, unicolor or marked by narrow, feebly interrupted spiral bands of brown, the elements of which are arranged in both axial and spiral series. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose. The postnuclear whorls are well rounded, the early ones marked by lamellar, scalloped, dis- tantly spaced axial ribs. These ribs become more approximated on the middle turns and quite closely spaced on the last whorl, where they are separated by spaces not so wide as the ribs. The scallops on the whorls are more strongly developed at the summit than at the periph- ery, and on the early whorls the scallops at the periphery interlock with those at the summit of the succeeding turn. The scallops are absent on the last turn. Suture well impressed. Periphery strongly rounded. Base rather long, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuations of the axial ribs, which extend into the umbilical area, and by several spiral cords on the parietal wall near the umbilical edge. The last whorl is decidedly solute and the part between the parietal peristome and the preceding turn is covered by a strong callus, which extends also over the umbilicus, which it covers. This callus is pinched in at the edge and is marked by slender, concentric laminae. Aperture subcircular. Peristome simple, thin. The operculum is heavy and large, and it extends beyond the edge of the peristome; it cannot be withdrawn into the aperture. The operculum has an almost subcentral nucleus, and is marked by retractively curved radiating ridges, which extend to the periphery of the whorl, and which become fused with the equivalent sculpture of the succeeding turns. These radiating ridges are also fused laterally to form a solid plate, as in Colobostylus. The siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture passes into a varicial thickening behind the aperture, which connects by a channel with the umbilicus, and breathing is established through the hollow axis and the decollated tip of the shell. This species appears to range along the southern plain of the Cubitas Mountains. We are recognizing three subspecies as follows: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELEX) PARADOXUM Shell small, length of decollated shell less than 11 mm_-_------_--- paradoxum Shell larger, length of decollated shell more than 13 mm. NUhGEis strongly rounded 2399922554240 02.22 san ees ee gibbosum Wihtonlsishightty-rounded wee ab ae lee ee magnum 136 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELEX) PARADOXUM PARADOXUM (Torre and Henderson) PLATE 9, FicurRE 2 1921. Hutudora (Eutudorops) paradoxum Torre and Henperson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 264, pl. 42, figs. 8, 9. This race was collected by Dr. de la Torre at Monte de Santa Cruz, Camagiiey Province. It is smaller than the other races and has the sculpture very pronounced, in which respect it resembles O. (QO). paradoxum gibbosum, but from which it is distinguished by having the axial ribs uniformly developed; that is, there are no groups of 3 or 4 heavier riblets succeeded by an equal number of finer riblets. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314964, a female, has 4.38 whorls and measures: Length, 10.8 mm.; greater diameter, 6.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.25 mm. A male from the same lot, a complete specimen having 6.3 whorls, measures: Length, 10.0 mm.; greater diameter, 5.1 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.75 mm. OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELEX) PARADOXUM GIBBOSUM, new subspecies PLATE 9, FiaguRE 9 This race was collected by Bartsch at Sitio Afuera, at the south exit of Paso de la Escalera of the Cubitas Mountains, Camagiiey Province. It is a large one. The whorls are decidedly inflated and rounded, and the axial ribs on the middle turns are spaced in alternating groups of coarse and fine riblets. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535342, has 4.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.3 mm.; greater diameter, 7.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.7 mm. OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELEX) PARADOXUM MAGNUM, new subspecies PLATE 9, FIGURE 3 This is a large race that Bartsch collected at Finca Gertrudis, at the foothills of the Cubitas Mountains, Camagiiey Province. It is easily distinguished from the other two by its much less strongly developed sculpture and by its much less rotund whorls The shell is also marked by very feeble, interrupted spiral bands of brown, which are rather closely spaced, and which are also arranged in very widely spaced axial series. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535341, has 5.0 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.4 mm.; greater diameter, 6.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.0 mm. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 137 OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELEX) SIMULANS, new species PLATE 9, Figure 4 Shell elongate-ovate, of pale orange color, with the nuclear whorls and peristome paler. Nuclear whorls 2, very strongly inflated and very strongly rounded, separated by a very deep suture; smooth, except for microscopic granulations. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by very strong, rather distantly spaced, lamellar axial ribs, which are rendered slightly scalloped on the early whorls and obsoletely nodulose on the last turn. These axial lamellar ribs extend strongly from the summit to the umbilical area. At the summit of the turns they interlock somewhat with the lamellae of the preceding turn. In addition to these strong axial lamellae, of which 25 occur upon the last whorl, the whorls are marked by an occasional intercalated finer axial cord and by numerous exceedingly fine, microscopic, somewhat wavy axial lirations. Suture very strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base _ short, strongly rounded, and marked by the same axial sculpture that characterizes the spire, which extends into the umbilicus. The umbilicus is bordered by a spiral cord, with a second cord on the umbilical wall halfway between this and the reflected callus. Peri- stome double, the outer broadly expanded on the posterior portion of the outer lip and the parietal wall, forming a somewhat backward- turned auricle at the posterior angle, narrower on the basal and columellar walls. On the columellar wall the outer lip is reflected backward over the umbilicus and on the parietal wall it extends across a large gap covering the umbilical area and it is pinched in at the outer edge of the umbilicus. The outer peristome is marked by a series of wavy, concentric lamellae; the inner peristome is slightly exserted. There is a puncture in the parietal wall near the posterior angle, which communicates with the short, backward-turned siphon immediately behind the outer lip. The operculum is too large to be withdrawn within the aperture. The lamellae of the early turns are distinct as in Parachondria, but they cover the entire whorl. On the last turn these lamellae become fused to form a solid plate, marked by the indications of the lamellae. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535348, was collected by Bartsch at Finca Los Cangilones at the foothills of the Cubitas Mountains, Camagiiey Province. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.2 mm.; greater diameter, 5.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.0 mm. TS found this species also on ue paredones on the east side of te Vereda de Los Burros, 1.5 km. north of Finca San Clemente, Cubitas Mountains. 138 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 OPISTHOCOELOPS, new subgenus In this subgenus the operculum and the breathing device are like those of Opisthocoelex. The outer peristome is also broadly expanded, as in Opisthocoelex, but it frequently does not completely close the umbilicus. The axial ribs are gathered into conspicuous hollow tufts at the summit. Type: Opisthocoelicum (Opisthocoelops) excurrens ([Gundlach] Pfeif- fer). KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS OPISTHOCOELOPS Posterior angle of aperture strongly auriculated____.__.-_________-_- occultum Posterior angle of aperture not strongly auriculated________.___-_-_- excurrens OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELOPS) OCCULTUM (Torre and Henderson) PLATE 9, FIGURE 7 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) occultus HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67, nomen nudum. 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) occultum TorrE and HENDERSON, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, pp. 258-259, pl. 41, figs. 4, 6, 7. Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored, sometimes pale brown with interrupted spiral bands of brown; the elements composing these bands are rather distantly spaced and they are arranged in both axial and spiral series; the peristome is flesh colored, the outer rayed on the outer lip by the spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls 1.7, small, well rounded, smooth, except for the last portion of the last turn, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnu- clear whorls somewhat inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slender, slightly wavy, retractively curved axial riblets, which are rather dis- tantly spaced on the first turn and which become gradually more closely approximated as the shell increases in size; on the last turn the spaces that separate the riblets are narrower than the riblets. Of these ribs, 30 occur upon the first turn, 62 upon the second, 118 upon the third, and 130 upon the last turn of the type. At more or less regular intervals some of these riblets are gathered into rather poorly developed hollow tufts at the summit. The riblets between these tufts are shorter than the rest Suture strongly constricted. Periph- ery well rounded. Base short, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, and within the umbilicus by slender spiral cords. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and reflected; the outer broadly, somewhat flaringly expanded, deeply notched on the middle of the inner lip; posterior to the notch the outer peristome is reflected over the umbilicus, which it completely covers, on the parietal wall the outer peristome is adnate to the preceding turn, while at the posterior angle it forms a conspic- uous auricle, which is rendered somewhat irregular by the siphon immediately behind it; on the outer and basal lip it is a trifle narrower CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 139 than on the rest of the aperture; the outer peristome is marked by slender concentric lamellae. Operculum as described for the species. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314957, was collected by Mrs. Reed on Loma de Borje, Sierra de Cubitas Mountains, Camagiiey Province. It has a little over 4 whorls and measures: Length, 13.8 mm.; greater diameter, 7.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.5 mm. Bartsch also collected this species at Loma La Caridad de Mendoza and Loma de Santa Cruz, near the Central Senado. The strong auricle and the more rounded whorls will readily dis- tinguish this species from Opisthocoelicum (Opisthocoelops) excurrens ({Gundlach] Pfeiffer). OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELOPS) EXCURRENS ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PLATE 9, FIGURE 1 1860. Cyclostoma (Tudora) excurrens [Gundlach] Preirrpr, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 7, p. 29. 1861. Tudora excurrens BuanD, Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, p. 27. 1890. Cyclostoma excurrens Cross, Journ. Conchyl., vol. 38, p. 301. 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) excurrens HENDERSON and Barrtscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67. Shell elongate-conic, pale brown with interrupted spiral bands of chestnut-brown; the elements composing these bands are arranged in both axial and spiral series; interior of the aperture yellowish white, conspicuously rayed by the spiral bands, which also extend faintly upon the yellowish-white outer peristome of the outer lip. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls almost flattened, marked by slender, somewhat retractively slanting axial riblets, which are distantly spaced on the first of the remaining turns, and which gradually become more closely spaced, until on the last whorl they are separated by spaces which are mere impressed lines. Of these riblets, 38 occur upon the first of the remaining turns, 70 upon the second, 136 upon the third, and 164 upon the last. Some of the riblets extend very prominently to the summit, where some become fused to form tufts or hollow cusps, which are appressed to the expanded basal peripheral portion of the ribs of the preceding turn; some of the riblets do not become expanded, and these usually ter- minate at some little distance anterior to the stronger expanded ones. On the penultimate turn the axial ribs become conspicuously expanded at the periphery. Suture not very strongly contracted. Periphery moderately rounded. Base rather long, moderately rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 2 strong spiral cords immediately adjacent to the umbilicus, and by 3 others, a little weaker, between the outer of the spiral cords and the periphery. The aperture 140 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 is broadly oval; peristome double, the outer broadly expanded, a little more so on the inner lip than on the outer, widest at the umbilicus, over which it is reflected and broadly expanded on the parietal wall, where it is adnate to the preceding turn; an inconspicuous auricle at the posterior angle is made irregular by the siphon, which is reflected backward, and which is appressed to the suture; the inner peristome is slightly exserted and slightly expanded. Operculum paucispiral, with the nucleus halfway between submarginal and subcentral; the turns are marked by retractively slanting, slender lamellae, which are fused on the outer border as well as on the inner one. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355467, is one of three received from Poey, collected by Gundlach at Nuevitas. It has a little over 4 whorls and measures: Length, 13.6 mm.; greater diam- eter, 7.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.8 mm. The much flatter whorls and the weak auriculation at the posterior angle of the aperture will readily distinguish this from Opisthocoelicum (Opisthocoelops) occultum (Torre and Henderson). OPISTHOCOELICUM, new subgenus This subgenus is distinguished from the subgenus Opisthocoelex by having the inner peristome scarcely at all exserted and by having the operculum withdrawable into the aperture, with the lamellae distinct. The umbilicus in adult shells is closed by the reflection of the outer peristome of the inner lip. When the operculum closes the shell, breathing may be accomplished through the puncture at the posterior angle of the aperture, which communicates with the hollow siphon, and which in turn bends into the suture, where it connects with a small channel behind the expanded outer peristome of the parietal wall, which leads to the umbilicus; the hollow axis and the narrow opening at the decollated apex furnish contact with the exterior. Type: Opisthocoelicum (Opisthocoelicum) opisthocoele, new species. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS OPISTHOCOELICUM Aaialmibs closely spaced er. Stee ee POR Py Sh Sy Ric SI cee rete opisthocoele Axialidistantlys spaced se 5 a a7e Vier ies ALS I as enc aas lamellicostatum OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELICUM) OPISTHOCOELE, new species PuaTE 9, FIGURE 8 Shell moderately large, ovate-conic, ranging from white to pale wax yellow. Nuclear whorls 2, decidedly inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, forming an almost truncated mammillated apex. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, the early ones marked by rather distantly spaced, lamellar axial riblets, which become expanded at the summit and suture; where summit and suture meet the riblets CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 141 interdigitate. These riblets are less elevated on the later turns; they are more distantly spaced on the early turns, and they become increasingly more approximated. Thirty-three are present on the first of the remaining turns, 44 on the second, 69 on the third, 103 on the fourth, and 102 on the last. The early whorls show by their slight waviness and scalloping indications of spiral sculpture, which evanesces on the later turns. Suture moderately constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base rather long, well rounded, and marked by the continu- ation of the axial riblets and by 4 spiral cords, which are of equal strength and spacing. The third of these marks the periphery of the closed umbilicus, while the last one is on the umbilical wall. These spiral cords render the axial riblets crenulated at their junction. Aperture broadly ovate; peristome double, the outer flaringly expanded, pinched in on the columellar wall to close the umbilicus, and narrower on the parietal wall than on the rest of the peristome; the inner slightly exserted, slightly reflected and appressed to the outer. The siphon and operculum of this species are described under the genus. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535480, was collected by Torre at El Purio, Encrucijada, Santa Clara Province. It has 5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12 mm.; greater diameter, 15.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.1 mm. A young, half-grown specimen shows a wide-open umbilicus. This species is rather widely distributed in Santa Clara Province. In addition to the type locality and the regions adjacent to this, we have seen it from Loma Batey del Ingenio Santa Clara, near Cala- bazar; Cueva Galana, Finca Miradero, Loma Ortiz, La Viruela; La Sierra, Loma Sola, Potrero Penton, Loma Chicharron near Vega Alta, and Las Jumaguas near Sagua. Description of the animal of specimens collected by Bartsch at Potrero Penton is as follows: The upper portion flesh colored, with many fine dots of gray, with a pinkish area behind the tentacles, which are grayish flesh colored tipped with pale lemon yellow; the sides of the body are pale olivaceous, which is also the color of the tip of the snout and of the deeply cleft sole of the foot. The animal moves either with a direct motion or with a lateral jerk of the shell. OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELICUM) LAMELLICOSTATUM (Torre and Henderson) Shell elongate-ovate, ranging in color from pale yellow to pale brown. Nuclear whorls 2, well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a somewhat truncated apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by lamellar or sublamellar axial ribs, which are slightly or decidedly fluted. This fluting is best expressed on the early whorls. The ribs become expanded at the summit into conspicuous auriclelike denticles, which usually touch the axial ribs of the preceding turn. The intercostal spaces are much wider than 142 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 the ribs and they are marked by microscopic axial threads; no spiral threads are present on the spire. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery somewhat inflated, well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which extend to the plugged umbilicus. Outside of the umbilical closure there are 3 or 4 spiral cords, which render the axial ribs decidedly scalloped at their junction. Aperture very broadly oval, almost subcircular; peristome double, the inner somewhat exserted, not reflected; the outer broadly expanded and marked by concentric lamellae, deeply notched on the inner lip, posterior to which it is reflected into the umbilicus, which it plugs. Operculum and siphon typically opisthocoelid. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELICUM) LAMELLICOS- TATUM Axial ribs decidedly lamellar and decidedly scalloped_____________ mabuyense Axial ribs not decidedly lamellar or decidedly scalloped____- lamellicostatum OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCCELICUM) LAMELLICOSTATUM MABUYENSE, new subspecies PuatTe 9, FicurE 6 This race comes from Mabuya, near Florencia, Camagiiey Province. It differs from typical O. (O.) lamellicostatum lamellicostatum in being of much darker color and in having the axial ribs decidedly lamellar and decidedly scalloped. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535481, has 24 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 34 on the last; it has 4.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.2 mm.; greater diameter, 6.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.0 mm. OPISTHOCOELICUM (OPISTHOCOELICUM) LAMELLICOSTATUM LAMELLICOSTATUM (Torre and Henderson) Puate 9, Figure 5 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphon) lamellicostatum Torre and HENDERSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, pp. 263-264, pl. 42, figs. 6. 7. This, the typical race, was collected by Torre at Boqueron del Jatibonico on the boundary of Santa Clara Province. It is easily distinguished from the other subspecies by its less strongly developed axial ribs, which are also much less scalloped. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314963, has 25 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 65 on the last; it has 4.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.5 mm. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 143 Genus TORRELLA Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Torrella HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 69. Shell elongate-conic, marked by sublamellar axial riblets only on the spire, or by sublamellar axial riblets and by obsolete spiral threads. The umbilicus may be marked by weak or strong spiral cords. Peri- stome double, the outer expanded, simple or fimbriated. Breathing siphons almost straight or decidedly flexed and bent into the umbilicus. Operculum with the ribs occupying only a portion of each whorl and as high as the inner and outer lamellae, which are formed by the fusing of the ribs. Type: Torrella (Torrella) torreiana ([Gundlach] Arango). KEY TO THE SUBGENERA OF TORRELLA Siphon bending into the umbilicus and plugging the hollow axis_-_---- Torrella Siphon not bending into the umbilicus or plugging the hollow axis_. Torrellisca Subgenus TORRELLA Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Torrella HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 69. Shell elongate-conic, marked by slender, sublamellar axial ribs and by obsolete spiral cords. The latter render the ribs somewhat sinuous and slightly foliate at their junction. Umbilicus marked by strong spiral cords. Outer peristome expanded and fimbriated at the edge. Breathing siphon strongly flexed and bent into the umbilicus, which it completely closes. Breathing, when the animal is withdrawn, is effected through the hollow axis of the shell and through the decol- lated apex. Operculum typically torrellid. Type: Torrella (Torrella) torreiana ({Gundlach] Arango). KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS TORRELLA Fimbriations of the outer peristome pronounced. Inner lip of outer peristome decidedly fimbriated___-__--------- torreiana Inner lip of outer peristome not decidedly fimbriated ----_------ deficiens Fimbriations of outer peristome scarcely indicated_____----------- immersa TORRELLA (TORRELLA) TORREIANA ([Gundlach] Arango) Piate 10, Fiaure 1 1878. Ctenopoma torreianum [Gundlach] Aranao, Contribucion a la fauna mala- cologica Cubana, p. 18. 1920. Torrella (Torrella) torreiana HENDERSON and Barrtscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 69. Shell elongate-conic, milk white. Nuclear whorls decollated in all ourspecimens. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by very strongly developed, lamellose, slightly retractively slanting, 144 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 hollow axial ribs, of which 48 occur on the first, 64 on the second, and 78 on the last of the remaining turns in the cotype described and figured. Most of these axial riblets become expanded into broad auricles at the summit, although occasionally they do not. The spiral sculpture consists of slender threads, of which 7 are present on all the whorls. The spiral threads at their junction with the axial ribs render the latter decidedly wavy and frequently hispid. Suture strongly constricted. The sutural space is crossed by the auricles of the expanded ribs, which become attached to the preceding turn. Base short, broadly rounded, widely umbilicated, marked by the con- tinuation of the axial ribs and by about 7 spiral threads. These threads are much stronger at the outer edge of the umbilicus than they are within the umbilicus or posterior to it. At the umbilical angle they render the axial riblets decidedly scalloped. Last whorl solute for about one-third of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the outer moderately broadly expanded and strongly digitate; 9 digitations about as wide as the spaces that separate them are present on the outer and basal lip; on the inner lip 4 weaker digitations are present, while on the parietal wall they are absent. These digitations show concentric laminae; inner peristome slightly exserted. Oper- culum typically torrellid. The breathing siphon begins immediately behind the peristome at the posterior angle of the aperture and it is reflected as a slender, twisted, corrugated tube into the umbilicus, which it completely plugs. A cotype received from Dr. de la Torre, U.S.N.M. No. 355529, comes from El Mogote, near Ceiba Mocha, Matanzas Province. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.0 mm.; greater diameter, 4.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.9 mm. This species can easily be distinguished from the others by the extremely strong digitations of the outer peristome. TORRELLA (TORRELLA) DEFICIENS ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PuiatE 10, Fiaurs 4 1857. Cyclostoma deficiens [Gundlach] Prrirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 4, . 42. 1858. Ceti deficiens PFEIFFER, Monographia pneumonopomorum viven- tium, suppl. 1, p. 104. 1920. Torrella (Torrella) deficiens HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 69. Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored. Nuclear whorls 2, strongly inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a mammil- lated apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by almost vertical, slender, hollow, retractively curved axial ribs, of which 61 occur upon the first of the remaining turns in the cotype CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 145 figured, 102 on the second, and 104 on the last. These ribs are ex- panded into auricles at the summit. The spiral sculpture consists of slender threads, of which 5 occur on the first and second of the re- maining turns, and 6 on the last between the summit and periphery. Suture strongly constricted, bridged over by the auricles of the ribs. Periphery well rounded. Base short, inflated, well rounded, widely umbilicated, marked by the strong continuation of the axial ribs and by spiral threads, of which 5 are present between the periphery and the edge of the umbilicus, and 3 within the umbilicus; those at the edge of the umbilicus are much stronger than the rest and they render the riblets scalloped at the edge. Last whorl solute for about one- third of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted and slightly expanded; the outer moderately broadly expanded, strongly fluted at the junction of the inner and basal angle, and less so on the outer and inner lips, marked by con- centric laminae. Operculum typically torrellid. The breathing siphon has its origin immediately behind the peristome and it is re- flected into the umbilicus as a slightly twisted, tapering tube, which completely plugs the umbilicus. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 535529, a cotype received from Gundlach, comes from Dos Cecilias, near Coliseo, Matanzas Province. It has almost 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.0 mm.; greater diameter, 4.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.3 mm. Gundlach states (Malak. Blatter, vol. 4, p. 42, 1857) that the “animal is whitish, head and neck with reddish sheen. Tips of tentacles somewhat greyish.”’ The species appears to range through the many limestone hills surrounding the region of Coliseo. TORRELLA (TORRELLA) IMMERSA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored, with or without a brownish tinge. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a mammillated apex. Postnuclear whorls strongly inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slender, low, lamellar, hollow axial ribs, which are slightly retractively curved. These ribs are feebly expanded into auricles at the summit. The spiral sculp- ture consists of feeble threads. Suture very strongly constricted, rendered all the more conspicuous because of the feeble development of the auricles at the summit of the ribs. Periphery strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, broadly umbilicated, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by rather feeble spiral threads. Last whorl solute for about one-third of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted; the outer only 146 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 moderately broadly expanded, slightly reflected, and feebly digitated at the outer margin, marked by concentric lines of growth. The operculum is typically torrellid; it has the center depressed, this depression being responsible for the specific name. The breathing siphon begins immediately behind the peristome at the posterior angle of the aperture and it is reflected as a tapering corrugated tube into the umbilicus, which it completely plugs. The species ranges through northeastern Habana and northwestern Matanzas Provinces. We are recognizing three subspecies, which the following key defines: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF TORRELLA (TORRELLA) IMMERSA Fluting of outer peristome rather strong. Axial ribs gathered into series at the summit_______-_____ camaronensis Axial ribs not gathered into series at the summit_____________-_ immersa Hluting of outer,peristome not, strongue -- 2-6 == fee ee eee grillensis TORRELLA (TORRELLA) IMMERSA CAMARONENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 10, Ficure 3 This race comes from various places in the Sierra Camarones, Matanzas Province. It differs from typical T. (7.) immersa immersa in having the axial ribs much more strongly developed at the summit and gathered into series; that is, stronger ribs are separated by narrow spaces occupied by less strongly developed elements. It agrees with T. (T.) immersa immersa in having the outer peristome rather strongly fluted, in which respect it differs from 7. (T.) immersa grillensis. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535532, comes from Vista Larga farm, 2 km. west of La Pefia del Leon, Sierra de Camarones. It has 4.4 whorls remaining, which bear, respectively, 74 axial ribs on the first whorl, 85 on the second, 110 on the third, and 112 on the last. It measures: Length, 8.8 mm.; greater diameter, 4.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.0 mm. TORRELLA (TORRELLA) IMMERSA IMMERSA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Puats 10, Figurn 2 1857. Cyclostoma immersum [Gundlach] Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 4, p. 42. 1858. Clenopoma immersum PruirreR, Monographia pneumonopomorum viven- tium, suppl. 1, p. 104. 1920. Torrella (Torrella) immersa HENDuRSON and Bartscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 69. This subspecies was first described by Gundlach from Loma de Simp- son, which is at the entrance to the Yumuri Valley. We have it also from the Yumuri Valley, Vista Alegre, and from Pan y Palenque, and CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 147 near Ceiba Mocha. This subspecies, like 7. (7.) wmmersa camaro- nensis, has the outer peristome rather strongly fluted, but it differs from camaronensis in having the axial ribs not gathered into series. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 535534, was collected at the type locality. It has a little more than 4 whorls remaining, of which the first has 51 axial ribs, the second 88, the third 90, and the fourth 86. It measures: Length, 9.2 mm.; greater diam- eter, 4.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.0 mm. TORRELLA (TORRELLA) IMMERSA GRILLENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 10, Fraure 5 We have seen this subspecies from Madruga, Finca El Inglés, Sierra del Grillo, and from Sabana de Robles. It is easily distinguished from the other two subspecies by having the fluting of the outer peristome almost absent. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355623, comes from Madruga. It has 4.2 whorls remaining, which bear, respectively, 102 axial ribs on the first whorl, 126 on the second, and 130 on the last. It measures: Length, 8.2 mm.; greater diameter, 4.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.7 mm. Subgenus TORRELLISCA Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Torrellisca HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, pp. 69-70. Shell elongate-conic, marked only by slender sublamellar axial riblets on the spire. Umbilicus marked by weak spiral cords. Peri- stome expanded but not fimbriated. Breathing siphon a simple tube but slightly bent, opening on the outside. Operculum typically torrellid. Type: Torrella (Torrellisca) simpsoni Henderson and Bartsch. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS TORRELLISCA Inner lip of outer peristome very broadly expanded_-_-_--------- trinidadensis Inner lip of outer peristome not very broadly expanded__-_--------- simpsoni TORRELLA (TORRELLISCA) SIMPSONI Henderson and Bartsch Shell elongate-conic, white. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls strongly inflated, well rounded, marked by strongly raised, lamellar, rather distantly spaced axial riblets, which become slightly expanded at the summit into slender auricles. The spiral sculpture consists of obsolete threads, which at the most render the riblets slightly wavy. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, well rounded, openly, narrowly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by spiral threads, the latter much stronger than those on the spire. 2358040 —2 148 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Last whorl solute for almost half a turn. Aperture very broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer rendered irregular at the posterior angle by the breathing siphon, narrowly expanded, usually fluted at the junction of the inner and basal lip, and marked by concentric laminae. Operculum typical of Torrella. The breathing siphon consists of a curved, short tube, which has its origin immediately behind the peristome at the posterior angle of the aperture, and which is open at the inbent terminal. This species appears to be confined to Santa Clara Province, where two subspecies are present. These can be distinguished readily by the following key and descriptions: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF TORRELLA (TORRELLISCA) SIMPSONI Axial sribsidistanthy spacedes Vause ou se 2 Lise eet eer terneroensis Axial ribs notidistantly spaced 24.8. se tgs ee es ere es simpsoni TORRELLA (TORRELLISCA) SIMPSONI TERNEROENSIS, new subspecies Priate 10, Figure 7 This race was collected by Henderson at Loma del Ternero, 6 or 8 miles north of Manicaragua, Santa Clara Province. He collected it also at Hoyo de Manicaragua. It is distinguished readily from typical T. (T.) simpsoni simpsoni by having the axial ribs much more distantly spaced. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355540, has 3.8 whorls remaining, of which the first and second have 32 and the last 43 axial ribs. It measures: Length, 6.5 mm.; greater diameter, 3.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.0 mm, TORRELLA (TORRELLISCA) SIMPSONI SIMPSONI Henderson and Bartsch PLATE 10, Figure 6 1920. Torrella (Torrellisca) simpsoni HENDERSON and Bartsca, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, pp. 80-81. This subspecies comes from the Soledad plantation, near Cienfuegos, Santa Clara Province. It is distinguished readily from TJ. (7.) simpson terneroensis by the fact that the axial ribs are much more closely spaced. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314942, has a little more than 4 whorls remaining, of which the first bears 46 axial riblets, the second 60, the third 82, and the last 100. The type measures: Length, 7.4 mm.; greater diameter, 3.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.3 mm. TORRELLA (TORRELLISCA) TRINIDADENSIS, new species PuiatTe 10, Fiaure 8 Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded and crossed CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 149 by lamellar axial riblets, which vary materially in strength; usually a group of several weak elements is succeeded by a strong one. The stronger ribs become expanded at the summit into auricles. The axial riblets are decidedly wavy, which would indicate spiral threads, but these are not apparent in the intercostal spaces. Of these ribs 36 occur on the first whorl, 48 on the second, 83 on the third, and 96 on the last. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base moderately long, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, and within the umbilicus by spiral cords, which render the axial ribs decidedly scalloped at their junctions. The base is narrowly, openly umbilicated. The last whorl is solute for about one-tenth of a turn. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the inner very slightly exserted; the outer very broadly expanded on the parietal and inner lip, less so on the outer lip and narrowest on the basal lip, marked by concentric lamellae. Oper- culum typically torrellid. The siphon is at the posterior angle of the aperture, short, and flexed into the suture, where it is marked by a series of rings. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535536, comes from Magua, Trinidad, Santa Clara Province. It has 4.1 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 7.0 mm.; greater diameter, 3.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.3 mm. This species is readily distinguished from T. (T7'.) sumpsoni by the broadly expanded inner lip of the outer peristome. Genus RHYTIDOPOMA Sykes 1901. Rhytidopoma Syxss, Journ. Malac., vol. 8, p. 60. Shell elongate-conic, axial riblets and spiral threads present in all the known species; the axial sculpture is usually stronger than the spiral. A recurved breathing siphon is present a little behind the peristome at the junction of the parietal and the outer wall. Oper- culum with the ribs not completely covering the whorls, thus showing the basal chondroid plate in a narrow sinus, which marks the outer edge of the turns. Both the inner and outer ends of the retractively curved ribs are fused into lamellae, which are considerably higher than the ribs, which extend in a gentle, retractive curve between the lamellae. Type: Rhytidopoma rugulosum (Pfeiffer), KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS RHYTIDOPOMA Umbilicus closed by the reflected peristome__________------------ honestum Umbilicus not closed by the reflected peristome. Last whorl adnate. Guterperistome! fluted-2ay ees fet ae Le SL se coronatum Outersperistome nov futed2=.-412- 2252222. ee ee nodulatum 150 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Last whorl solute. Outer peristome expanded. Outer peristome of inner lip very broad. Axial ribs sublamellar. Whorls decidedly inflated_----.---------- occidentale Whorls not decidedly inflated____-__---__-- rugulosum Axial) ribs notisublamellar.73. 232 ees wrightianum Outer peristome of inner lip not very broad. Outer pemstome filed 24.2 ea ee pinense Outer peristome not fluted_____-__------- clathratum Outer’ peristome ‘very narrow. 221. ee Pee Obs hespericum RHYTIDOPOMA HONESTUM (Poey) Shell elongate-conic, white. Nuclear whorls 2, large, strongly inflated and rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a mammil- lated apex. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by slender, retractively curved axial ribs, which are expanded into hollow auricles at the summit and which are appressed to the preceding turn. The spiral sculpture is very poorly developed. Suture strongly con- stricted. Periphery well rounded. Base well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and usually by strong spiral threads. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted, the outer moderately expanded, marked by concentric lines of growth, notched on the middle of the inner lip, the part posterior to the notch reflected over the umbilicus, which it covers. Operculum typically rhytidopomid. The breathing siphon is close to the posterior angle of the aperture behind the peristome, which it renders irregular at this point; it is reflected backward into the suture. This species appears restricted to Habana Province. We are recognizing three subspecies: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF RHYTIDOPOMA HONESTUM OT eTEOS Ca VOGT SELON 724 eet eo Muae See py aay Was Ye Bigs) gee Oe itinerans Axial ribs weak. Axialsribs' closely spaced: 40 Wei fT OTs Eas honestum Axial ribs not closely spaced____________- Ee SE a 2 nodiferum RHYTIDOPOMA HONESTUM ITINERANS, new subspecies Puate 10, Ficure 10 This subspecies we collected along stone fences near Guanajay. It differs from the other two subspecies in having the axial ribs much more strongly developed. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493413, has 40 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 50 on the last whorl; it has 3.7 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 7.8 mm.; greater diameter, 4.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.2 mm. CUBAN ANNUULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH Ast RHYTIDOPOMA HONESTUM HONESTUM (Poey) PuatTe 10, Fraure 13 1851. Cyclostoma honestum Pory, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 1, p. 103, pl. 7, figs. 1-4. 1856. Ctenopoma honestum PrrirrER, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 3, p. 126. 1920. Rhytidopoma honestum HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 69. This subspecies ranges from Habana to Lomas de Camoa, in Habana Province. It is distinguished from the others in being larger, with the ribs more closely spaced. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 57312, was received from Arango. It has 52 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 180 on the last; it has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.4 mm.; greater diameter, 4.8 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 4.0 mm. Of the animal of this species Gundlach states: ‘Animal pale, the sides with a violet sheen; antennae pale orange colored; eyes very black.” RHYTIDOPOMA HONESTUM NODIFERUM (Arango) Puate 10, Ficure 11 1881. Ctenopoma nodiferum ARANGO, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, p. 16. 1920. Rhytidopoma nodiferum HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 69. This subspecies was described by Arango from Santo Cristo de la Salud, Habana Province. We have also seen it from Managua and Bejucal, Habana Province. It is smaller than the typical race, with the axial ribs much more distantly spaced, but weakly developed as in the typical form. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355567, was received by Dr. de la Torre from Arango. It has 60 axial ribs on the first of the re- maining turns and 86 on the last; it has a little more than 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 6.7 mm.; greater diameter, 3.8 mm. ; lesser diameter, 3.1 mm. RHYTIDOPOMA CORONATUM ([Pcey] Pfeiffer) Prats 10, Ficure 14 1856. Ctenopoma coronatum [Poey] PrreirreR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 3, pp. 59, 126. 1857. Ctenopoma coronatum PFEIFFER, Novitates conchologicae, vol. 1, p. 96, pl. 26, figs. 17-19. 1858. Cyclostoma coronatum Pony, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 2, pp. 5, 24, pl. 1, figs. 11, 12. 1920. Rhytidopoma coronatum HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 69. 152 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Shell elongate-conic, white. Nuclear whorls decollated. Post- nuclear whorls inflated, well rounded, marked by slightly retractively curved, lamellar, wavy, hollow axial riblets, which are developed into auricles at the summit and into projections that are slightly less pro- nounced at the periphery. Of these riblets 78 occur upon the first, 104 upon the second, and 108 upon the last of the remaining turns. The spiral sculpture is obsolete on the spire, or it is at least only indicated by the waviness of the axial riblets. Suture strongly con- stricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, inflated, well rounded, narrowly, apparently openly umbilicated, although the umbilicus is partly hidden by the reflected outer peristome, marked by the contin- uation of the axial riblets and 5 moderately strong threads slightly posterior to the umbilical angle. The thread bordering the umbilicus is much stronger than the rest and causes the riblets to expand at that point into strongly raised, clawlike elements; within the umbilicus additional spiral cords also forming scallops are present. These, however, are too much hidden to reveal their actual number. Aperture almost subcircular; peristome double, the outer broadly expanded, more so on the parietal and the inner lip than on the basal and the outer lip, decidedly fluted at the edge and marked by concen- tric lines of growth; on the parietal wall it becomes attached to the preceding turn; inner peristome slightly exserted. Operculum typi- cally rhytidopomid. The last whorl is adnate. The breathing siphon originates at the posterior angle immediately behind the peristome and is wedged into a chink formed between the preceding turn and the parietal wall, but it does not extend into or plug the umbilicus. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355542, is a cotype collected by Poey at Managua, Potrero Almirante, Habana Province. It has a little over 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.0 mm.; greater diameter, 4.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.6 mm. Of this Gundlach says (Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 3, p. 126, 1856): “Animal whitish, particularly on the foot. Head and neck suffused with clay yellow. Antennae almost transluscent. The region between the antennae, the neck and about the operculum greyish in the extended animal. Animal within the shell clay-yellowish white, brownish at the tip. It covers the shell almost horizontally and moves with alternating wave motion.”’ RHYTIDOPOMA NODULATUM (Pcey) Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored or pale yellowish. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a very large mammillated apex, which projects conspicuously beyond the outline of the rest of the spire. Postnuclear whorls inflated or at least moderately rounded, marked by retractively slanting axial ribs, which vary considerably in strength and elevation. The axial ribs CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 153 are not all of the same strength; that is, some of them are more elevated than others. Some of these ribs develop conspicuous auricles at the summit, which are usually hollow. The spiral sculpture is poorly developed and is merely indicated by the waviness of the axial riblets in some of the forms, while in others it is more strongly devel- oped. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, inflated, well rounded, narrowly umbilicated, the umbilicus usually hidden by the reflected inner peristome of the parietal wall. The base is marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and spiral threads, which vary in strength and number in the different races. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded, usually more so on the parietal and the inner lip than on the outer, and marked by concentric lines of growth; the inner peristome is slightly exserted. Operculum typically rhy- tidopomid. The breathing siphon begins behind the edge of the post- erior angle of the aperture and is reflected backward into the suture. This species ranges over Habana and Matanzas Provinces and breaks up into several races, which the following key and descriptions will help to distinguish: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF RHYTIDOPOMA NODULATUM Outer peristome fluted on the posterior inner lip___------------ palenquense Outer peristome not fluted on the posterior inner lip. Whorls inflated and strongly rounded___-._-.:.------.----- nodulatum Whorls not inflated or strongly rounded___------------------- anafense RHYTIDOPOMA NODULATUM PALENQUENSE, new subspecies PuatEe 10, Fiaure 15 This subspecies centers about Matanzas, El Pan, El Palenque, the Yumuri Valley, etc. It can be distinguished readily from the other two races in that the outer peristome of the inner lip is fluted. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355548, comes from El Palenque. It has 46 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns, 70 on the second, 96 on the third, and 112 upon the last. It has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 7.9 mm.; greater diameter, 3.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.8 mm. RHYTIDOPOMA NODULATUM NODULATUM (Poey) PuaTE 10, FicurE 12 1851. Cyclostoma nodulatum Pony, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 1, pl. 5, figs. 21-23. 1852. Cyclostoma nodulatum Porky, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 1, p. 104. 1858. Ctenopoma rugulosum PFEIFFER, Monographia pneumonopomorum viven- tium, suppl. 1, p. 103, in part. 1920. Rhytidopoma nodulatum HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 69. 154 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 This race occupies the limestone blocks south of Habana, in Habana Province. We have seen it from Cueva de Cotilla, Lomas de Candela, Loma de Coca, San José de las Lajas; Tetas de Managua, Tapaste; Mendoza, Sitio de Bonilla and Sitio Perdido, near Jaruco; San Antonio de los Bafios; and Bacuranao and Guanabo east of Cojimar; all in Habana Province. This subspecies differs from R. nodulatum palenquense in lacking the fluting of the inner lip. It differs from R. nodulatum anafense in having the whorls much more inflated and more rounded, and in having the axial ribs less strong. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355561, comes from Tetas de Managua, Habana Province. It has 78 axial ribs on all the turns. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 7.3 mm.; greater diameter, 4.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.3 mm. RHYTIDOPOMA NODULATUM ANAFENSE, new subspecies Puate 10, Ficure 9 This race comes from the Sierra de Anafe, Habana Province. We have also taken it at Guanajay, Pinar del Rio Province, and Cayajabos, Finca de Francisco Martinez, Pinar del Rio Province. It differs from the typical race in having the whorls larger but less inflated and less rounded, and in having the axial sculpture stronger. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355559, has 49 axial ribs on the first of the remaining whorls and 72 on the last turn; it has 3.2 whorls remain- ing and measures: Length, 7.5 mm.; greater diameter, 4.1 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.5 mm. RHYTIDOPOMA OCCIDENTALE, new species PuatTs 10, Figure 16 1878. Ctenopoma rugulosum Araneo, Contribucion a la fauna malacologica Cubana, pp. 15-16, in part. 1890. Ctenopoma rugulosum Crosse, Journ. Conchyl., vol. 38, p. 276, in part. Shell broadly elongate-conic, flesh colored; the plug at the decollated end shines through the substance of the shell as a reddish line. Nu- clear whorls about 2, forming a slightly mammillated apex, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, with the last portion of the last turn showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls slightly inflated, well rounded, marked by rather distantly spaced, slightly retractively slanting axial riblets which become irregu- larly expanded at the summit. In the type 62 of these riblets occur upon the first turn, 88 upon the second, and 93 upon the last. The spiral sculpture is obsolete on the spire, only the merest indication of it being present. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, inflated, well rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by 11 feeble spiral threads on the CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 55 base and in the umbilicus. Last whorl solute for about half a turn. Aperture broadly ovate; peristome double, the inner moderately well exserted and slightly reflected; the outer broadly, flaringly expanded, somewhat wavy, marked by concentric, feeble lamellae. Operculum typically rhytidopomid. The breathing siphon begins immediately behind the peristome at the posterior angle of the aperture and is reflected as a tapering tube into the umbilicus, which it plugs; the outside of the breathing siphon is marked by strong, coarse spiral rings. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355604, was collected near the lighthouse at the entrance to Cabafias Port, on the Tomas Barrera Expedition. It has a little over 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.2 mm.; greater diameter, 4.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.8 mm. RHYTIDOPOMA RUGULOSUM (Pfeiffer) PLATE 11, Figure 8 1839. Cyclostoma rugulosum PrrtrreR, Wieg. Archiv Naturg., vol. 1, p. 356. 1849. Cyclostoma rugulosum Preirrer, Martini-Chemnitz Conchylien Cabinet, ed. 2, t. 14, p. 117, figs. 9-11; t. 38, figs. 11-12. 1858. Ctenopoma rugulosum PrrirreR, Monographia pneumonopomorum viven- tium, suppl. 1, p. 103 in part. 1920. Rhytidopoma rugulosum Henpmrson and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 69. Shell elongate-conic, pale yellow. Nuclear whorls 2, moderately inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a mammil- lated apex. Postnuclear whorls moderately strongly rounded, marked by slender, sublamellar, retractively slanting, axial riblets, which are rendered slightly scalloped by obsolete spiral threads, of which 4 are present between the summit and the periphery. The axial riblets are slightly expanded at the summit. At more or less regular intervals several finer axial threads occur, separating groups of the stronger lamellae, which give the sculpture a somewhat interrupted pattern. Of the axial ribs 51 occur on the first of the remaining turns and 96 on the last. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base rather short, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which extend into the umbilicus, and by a few obsolete spiral threads; edge of the umbilicus marked by a strong spiral ridge, which renders the axial ribs decidedly scalloped; there is another ridge, which is a little less strong, just within the umbilicus. The last whorl is decidedly solute and deflected. Aperture very broadly oval, almost subcircular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted, the outer broadly expanded and turned up at the junction of the inner and basal lip, marked by concentric laminae, which are a little nar- rower on the parietal wall than on the rest. Operculum typically 156 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 rhytidopomid. The siphon starts immediately behind the peristome at the posterior angle of the aperture and it extends as a tapering tube into the umbilicus, plugging the hollow axis; it is marked by concentric ridges. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 386615, is one of a large series collected by Bartsch on the shore of Canimar River at the type locality, Fundador, Matanzas Province. It has 4.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.4 mm.; greater diameter, 3.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.5 mm. We have it also from the Yumuri Valley at Matanzas. RHYTIDOPOMA WRIGHTIANUM ([Gundlach] Arango) Shell broadly elongate-conic, flesh colored. Nuclear whorls about 2, forming a somewhat mammillated apex, the whorls of which are strongly rounded and microscopically granulose, with the last portion of the last turn showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by lamellar or sublamellar axial riblets, which vary conspicuously in spacing and strength in the different races. These ribs are strongly expanded at the summit, where they frequently form conspicuous auricles, which, when broken, prove to be hollow. The spiral sculpture is very vari- able, ranging from obsolete to strongly lirate. Suture strongly con- stricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by feeble or rather strong spiral threads, depending again upon the race in question. The last whorl is always solute for about half a turn and is strongly deflected. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted and scarcely reflected; the outer ex- panded, the amount of expansion varying in the different subspecies. The breathing siphon has its beginning at the posterior angle behind the peristome, tapering and reflecting into the umbilicus, which it completely plugs; the breathing, therefore, when the operculum is closed, is effected through the pore marking the hollow axis of the shell at the decollated end. Operculum typically rhytidopomid. This species ranges from Cape San Antonio at the western end of Pinar del Rio Province, eastward to Cayajabos, breaking up into a number of subspecies, which may be distinguished by the following key and descriptions: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF RHYTIDOPOMA WRIGHTIANUM Outer peristome broadly expanded___._-_____________-____-=- wrightianum Outer peristome not broadly expanded. Outer peristome moderately expanded________________________- ottonis Outer peristome very, Marrow! i200 08 Gest ehh pm a cabrasense CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 157 RHYTIDOPOMA WRIGHTIANUM WRIGHTIANUM ([Gundlach] Arango) PuateE 11, Figure 1 1881. Ctenopoma wrightianum (Gundlach) Aranao, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- delphia, p. 16. Typical wrightianum was described from La Jaula, Pinar del Rio Province. We have seen it also from Cape Cajén and Cape San Antonio, and Vaile de San Juan, Guanacabibes, Pinar del Rio Province. Its broadly expanded peristome will readily distinguish it from the other two races. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 11045, a cotype, was collected by Wright at La Jaula. It has 85 axial ribs on the first of the remain- ing turns and 86 on the last whorl; it has 3.8 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.7 mm.; greater diameter, 5.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.8 mm. RHYTIDOPOMA WRIGHTIANUM OTTONIS, new subspecies Puate 11, Fiaure 5 This subspecies comes from the general region of Cayajabos, Pinar del Rio Province. We have representatives from the type locality, Mogote la Tumba and Charco Azul. This subspecies is distin- guished readily from typical R. wrightianum wrightianum by its much narrower outer peristome, in which respect it stands halfway between the typical subspecies and R. wrightianum cabrasense. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493414, was collected by Bartsch on Mogote la Tumba. It has 68 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 92 on the last. It has 3.4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.1 mm.; greater diameter, 5.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.2 mm. RHYTIDOPOMA WRIGHTIANUM CABRASENSE, new subspecies PLATE 11, FicurE 4 This subspecies comes from the mogotes that occur around Kilo- meter 14 on the highway leading from Pinar del Rio to Luis Lazo, Pinar del Rio Province. It is readily distinguished from the other two subspecies by its extremely narrow outer peristome. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355609, comes from the Mogote del Cero de Cabras. On the first of the remaining turns it has 84 axial ribs, 114 on the second and 120 on the last. It has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.9 mm.; greater diameter, 5.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.4 mm. RHYTIDOPOMA PINENSE, new species Shell elongate-ovate, thin, flesh colored. Nuclear whorls 2, small, inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls slightly inflated, rather strongly rounded and marked 158 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 by low, lamellar, somewhat wavy, retractively slanting axial ribs, which increase in numbers on succeeding turns. ‘These ribs become broadly expanded at the summit, where they form auricles which, when broken, prove to be hollow. The spiral sculpture consists of poorly developed threads, which render the riblets slightly wavy. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery somewhat inflated, well rounded. Base slightly inflated, well rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by spiral threads; of the latter, those adjacent to the umbilicus and those on the umbilical wall are much stronger than those on the spire. The last whorl is solute for about half a turn and is decidedly deflected, showing the continu- ation of the axial riblets on the outside of the parietal wall. The siphon, which begins at the posterior angle a little behind the peristome, is deflected over the parietal wall and into the umbilicus, which it plugs completely. Aperture broadly oval, oblique; peristome double, the inner moderately strongly exserted and slightly reflected; the outer of almost the same width all around, marked by concentric lines of erowth. Operculum rhytidopomid. This species comes from the Isle of Pines and from the mainland of Cuba about Rosario, Ensenada de Cochinos. In the Isle of Pines it breaks up into several races that occupy the distinct limestone ranges. The following key and brief descriptions will help to differ- entiate them: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF RHYTIDOPOMA PINENSE Shtelitiange ang stOUts sts cee Be een ie ae ee eee eee eae rosarioense Shell not large or stout. Spiral umbilical: cords few, strong. -. += Liles leave Jet colombense Spiral umbilical cords many and weak. ASSIA SEIS CLOSELY AS DUC CU eee rte or ae ren a cee ree ergastulum Avialribs not closely spacedsed: 21.6. gay Ite es eee ee pinense RHYTIDOPOMA PINENSE ROSARIOENSE, new subspecies Puate 11, Ficure 14 This race comes from the south coast of Cuba, at Rosario, east side of Ensenada de Cochinos, Santa Clara Province. We do not consider the characters that distinguish it from the Isle of Pines forms sufficient to constitute specific separation. It is distinguished easily from the Isle of Pines forms, however, by its much larger size and stouter outline. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355583, has 78 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 104 on the last; it has 3.7 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.2 mm.; greater diameter, 6.8 mm.; lesser di- ameter, 5.6 mm. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 159 RHYTIDOPOMA PINENSE COLOMBENSE, new subspecies PLATE 11, Figure 10 This race comes from the Sierra de Colombo. It is distinguished readily from the other subspecies in that the spiral cords in the umbilicus are few and much stronger than in the other races. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355579, has 88 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns, 118 on the second, and 130 on the last; it has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.3 mm.; greater diameter, 5.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.6 mm. RHYTIDOPOMA PINENSE ERGASTULUM, new subspecies PuatTE 11, Fiagure 16 This race comes from the Presidio side of the Sierra de Caballos. The closely spaced axial ribs, combined with the weak spiral cords in the umbilicus, will differentiate this race from the others. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355581, has 82 axial riblets on the first of the remaining turns, 92 on the second, and 114 on the last whorl. It has 3.7 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.7 mm.; greater diameter, 5.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.3 mm. RHYTIDOPOMA PINENSE PINENSE, new subspecies PuatE 11, Ficure 17 This subspecies comes from the Sierra de Casas, where we collected it from one end of the range to the other. It is distinguished from R. pinense colombense in having many more spiral threads in the umbilicus and from R. pinense ergastulum in having the axial ribs stronger and more distantly spaced. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355576, was collected by Bartsch at the south end of the west side of the Sierra de Casas. There are 52 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 84 on the last whorl; it has 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.3 mm.; greater diameter, 5.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.0 mm. RHYTIDOPOMA CLATHRATUM (Gould) Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored. Nuclear whorls a little more than 2, inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a mammillated apex, the last turn showing the beginning of the post- nuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls somewhat inflated, well rounded, marked by sublamellar or cordlike axial ribs. These ribs are much more strongly developed at the summit, where they are rather irregular and slightly retractively slanting. In two of the subspecies, when the whorls are decollated they prove to be hollow and blisterlike. The spiral sculpture consists of obsolete threads, which render the axial ribs slightly wavy. Suture very strongly con- 160 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 stricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by feeble spiral threads, which vary somewhat in number in the different sub- species. Within the umbilicus spiral threads also are present. These are always stronger than those on the rest of the base. The last whorl is slightly solute for about half a turn and is broadly deflected. Aperture broadly ovate; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted and slightly reflected; the outer broadly expanded and reflected, not altogether in one plane but somewhat sinuous and marked on the outside by concentric feeble laminae. The operculum is typically rhytidopomid. The breathing siphon has its beginning a little behind the peristome at the posterior angle and is reflected from there as a slightly tapering tube, which completely plugs the umbilicus; this tube is slightly corrugated. This species seems to occupy Habana, Matanzas, and Santa Clara Provinces. It breaks up into several subspecies, which can be dif- ferentiated by the following key and descriptions: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF RHYTIDOPOMA CLATHRATUM Outer peristome of inner lip slightly fluted_______ ae See ne Se candelaense Outer peristome of inner lip not fluted. Shelltslend ens) jae atts se yee ped) eae py jumaguaense Niellistoutrss 2 lel SY. 22S A ae Be, ee et a La clathratum RHYTIDOPOMA CLATHRATUM CANDELAENSE, new subspecies Puate 11, Figure 2 This race comes from Loma de Candela and from Loma de Coca. It is distinguished easily from the other two races by having the inner lip of the outer peristome slightly fluted and by having the axial rib- lets much more strongly developed at the summit than in the other two. The spiral sculpture on the umbilicus is also stronger. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355607, comes from Loma de Candela. There are 100 axial riblets on the first of the remaining turns and 120 on the rest; it has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.6 mm.; greater diameter, 5.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.6 mm. REYTIDOPOMA CLATHRATUM JUMAGUAENSE, new subspecies Puate 11, Figure 13 This subspecies is distinguished easily from the other two by its much slenderer form and by its less expanded outer peristome. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 387502, was collected by Bartsch on the sixth mogote from the east at Jumagua near Sagua la Grande, Santa Clara Province. It has 57 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 150 on the last whorl. It has 4.1 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.3 mm.; greater diameter, 4.9 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 4.4 mm. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 161 RHYTIDOPOMA CLATHRATUM CLATHRATUM (Gould) PuaTe 11, Figure 15 1842. Cyclostoma clathratum Gouup, Boston Journ. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, cover to No. 1. 1856. Ctenopoma clathratum PreirFreR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 3, p. 59. 1858. Cyclostoma denegatum Pory, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 2, pp. 2, 23-24. 1920. Rhytidopoma clathratum HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 69. This race occupies the region about Retiro, Coliseo, Bellamar, Matanzas, Calimete, and Cardenas; it was described from Retiro. We have selected a specimen from that locality for our figure. This race most nearly resembles R. clathratum candelaense but it is distinguished easily from candelaense by the much feebler development of the axial ribs at the summit, by the less strongly developed threads in the umbilicus, and by lacking the weak fluting of the inner lip of the outer peristome. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 203630, has 80 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns, 120 on the second, and 122 on the last. It has 3.8 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.6 mm.; greater diameter, 5.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.0 mm. Gundlach says of the animal: ‘‘Nearly colorless or tinged with violet. Neck orange. Tentacles short, lemon colored.”’ RHYTIDOPOMA HESPERICUM, new species PLATE 11, FigursE 3 Shell very elongate-ovate, thin, translucent, horn colored with the plug showing through the substance of the shell as an oblique brown line. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls strongly inflated, well rounded, and marked by very poorly developed, almost vertical axial riblets, of which 78 occur on the first whorl and 77 on the last turn. These riblets become thickened and hollow at the summit, but hardly form what might be termed cusps. The spiral sculpture consists of almost obsolete threads, which are scarcely indicated on the last whorl, while on the early whorls they render the axial riblets slightly nodulose. Suture very strongly con- stricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base short, strongly rounded and marked by the feeble continuation of the axial riblets, with scarcely any indication of spiral threads on the umbilical wall. The last whorl is decidedly solute and strongly deflected. Aperture very broadly oval; peristome double, the inner decidedly exserted, almost straight; the outer projecting only a trifle beyond the inner, forming a mere ring about it. Operculum typically rhytidopomid. The siphon has its origin at the posterior angle of the aperture a little 162 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 distance behind the peristome, and it becomes attenuated and extends into the hollow axis of the shell, which it plugs. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493415, comes from Ceiba del Agua, Pinar del Rio Province. It has 3.3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.6 mm.; greater diameter, 5.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.7 mm. We have seen specimens of this species also from Artemisa. This species is easily distinguished from the others by its narrower outer peristome and by the almost absent spiral sculpture in the umbilicus. Genus OPISTHOSIPHON Dall 1905. Opisthosiphon Dau, Proc. Malac. Soc. London, vol. 6, p. 209. The shell varies from broadly ovate through elongate-ovate to cylindro-conic. The nuclear whorls are microscopically granulose. The early postnuclear turns may be solute or appressed to the pre- ceding whorl. Axial ribs are always present, varying in different eroups from slender, hairlike elements to lamellae; their spacing varies widely in different groups. Fine microscopic axial threads may or may not be present between the heavier ribs. The spiral sculpture may consist of strong cords that may be present on all parts of the sur- face, or it may be restricted to the umbilicus. The last whorl may be solute or adnate to the preceding turn. The umbilicus presents a wide range of variance. It may be narrow or wide, open or closed. The aperture also presents considerable difference, varying from oval to subcircular, with the peristome always double; the inner peristome may be slightly or somewhat exserted; the outer peristome ranges from narrow to broadly expanded in different species and this expan- sion may extend over the entire lip or it may characterize only part of it. An auricle may or may not be present at the posterior angle. The operculum has the whorls separated by a narrow, deep groove, which on the last whorl constitutes the plain chondroid edge. The parts of the whorls between this inner edge and the groove are crossed by numerous, retractively curved, decidedly strongly raised lamellae sep- arated by narrow spaces. Behind the aperture is the breathing siphon, upon which the generic name is based. This tube communicates by a puncture with the interior of the aperture near the posterior angle, slightly behind the edge of the peristome. The siphonal tube is usually directed upward and backward into the suture, though in a number of species with closed umbilicus the tube does not communicate at once with the free surface, but with a channel situated behind the broadly expanded, adnate parietal peristome of the outer lip, which in turn communicates with the hollow axis of the shell, and through this with the exterior through the decollated apex of the shell. Type: Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphon) bahamense Shuttleworth. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 163 KEY TO THE SUBGENERA OF OPISTHOSIPHON Spiral sculpture present. Spiral sculpture present on spire, base, and umbilicus. Fine axial threads present between the heavy ribs. Early postnuclear whorls solute______._______--____- Solutapex Early postnuclear whorls not solute___-______-------_ Mirisiphon Spiral sculpture absent on spire and base; present in umbilicus. Axial ribs with individual cusps at the summit. Fine axial threads present between the lamellar ribs Bermudezsiphona Fine axialithreads absent /between'the lamellar ribs Opisthosiphona Axial ribs without individual cusps at the summit. Axial ribs fused to form tufts at the summit_____ Cubitasiphona ShIralneWmiptuure ADSONts. 2.0) 22. oe oe ee Be Cylindrosiphona SOLUTAPEX, new subgenus Shell ovate, with the early postnuclear whorls solute. The post- nuclear whorls are marked by lamellar axial ribs and by spiral threads, which form hollow tubercles at their junctions. The axial ribs also become enlarged at the summit, where they form hollow cusps. The spaces between the axial ribs are marked by fine, microscopic axial threads. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Type: Opisthosiphon (Solutapex) caroli Aguayo. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS SOLUTAPEX Derm OE ASO UGG oir cece nee ee AO NS on eae he Oe ae ete sainzi Last whorl adnate. Axi aliribsreClosely#spaced sei.2ci tj .it aaa ieee eee EN te quesadai Axial ribs distantly spaced. Inner lip of outer peristome inbent in the middle_-_------ echinatum Inner lip of outer peristome not inbent in the middle_____----- caroli OPISTHOSIPHON (SOLUTAPEX) SAINZI Aguayo Puate 11, Figure 7 1934. Opisthosiphon sainzi Acuayo, Mem. Soc. Cubana Hist. Nat. Felipe Poey, vol. 8, p. 91, figs. 3, 4. Shell small, elongate-ovate, pale brown, with the axial ribs a little paler. The last whorl also bears interrupted spiral bands of brown. Peristome flesh colored, aperture showing the reflection of the inter- rupted spiral bands within. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnu- clear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by sublamellar axial ribs, which are rendered decidedly wavy and somewhat scal- loped by low, broad spiral bands. Of these axial ribs 58 are present on the last whorl. In addition to this sculpture, the spaces between the ribs, which are about two and one-half times as wide as the ribs, are marked by fine axial hairlines. Four of the low spiral cords are 223580—40——3 164 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 present between the summit and suture. The suture is strongly con- stricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base short, narrowly, openly umbilicated, well rounded, and marked by the continuations of the axial ribs and by 5 strong spiral cords, which grow consecutively stronger from the periphery toward the umbilicus. The junctions of the axial ribs and the spiral cords become increasingly more strongly scalloped from the periphery toward the umbilicus. The umbilical wall is marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by feeble spiral cords. The last whorl is decidedly solute. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer moderately broadly expanded and marked by strong concentric lamellae. Oper- culum typically opisthosiphonid. ‘The siphon is at the posterior angle of the aperture. It is expanded at its distal end, and it is marked by concentric ridges, opening toward the suture. The paratypes before us were collected by Aguayo at Rejondén de Béguanos, Holguin, Oriente. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 425502, has 3.4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.4 mm.; ereater diameter, 5.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.7 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (SOLUTAPEX) QUESADAI Aguayo PuateE 11, Ficure 11 ; 1932. Opisthosiphon quesadai AGuayo, Nautilus, vol. 45, pp. 95-96, pl. 6, fig. 5. Shell rather large, elongate-ovate, pale wax yellow with interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a mammillated apex. The early postnuclear whorls are marked by rather distantly spaced axial ribs, which become increasingly more closely spaced as the shell increases in size. On the first whorl the ribs are about one-fourth as wide as the spaces that separate them, while on the last turn the ribs are only a trifle narrower than the intercostal spaces. On the early whorls, too, the ribs are much more lamellose than on the last, where they approach rounded cords. Of the axial ribs 150 are present on the last whorl. These axial ribs become expanded at the summit, where they form narrow, hollow cusps. They are also expanded on the middle whorls at the periphery, the two interlocking in this region. On the middle whorls the axial ribs are rendered somewhat scalloped by the 5 low, rounded spiral cords. On the last whorl the scalloping is obsolete. In addition to the axial ribs the spaces between them show the fine axial hairlines characteristic of the group. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, well rounded, openly umbilicated. The umbilicus shows the continua- tion of the axial sculpture and 7 strong spiral cords, of which the first is the strongest and it marks the edge of the umbilicus, the rest gradually becoming narrower. The junctions of these spiral cords CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 165 with the axial riblets render the riblets conspicuously scalloped. Ap- erture very broadly oval. Peristome double, the outer broadly ex- panded and adnate to the preceding turn at the parietal wall, a little wider on the parietal and inner wall than on the rest, forming a slight auricle at the posterior angle, and marked by a series of concentric lamellae; inner peristome slightly exserted. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The siphon is immediately behind the peristome, short and directed backward into the suture. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 535348, is a paratype, which was collected by Quesada on Loma de la Calera, San Germén. It is a complete specimen having 6.2 whorls measuring: Length, 11.8 mm.; greater diameter, 6.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.3 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (SOLUTAPEX?) ECHINATUM ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Puate 11, Fiagure 6 1857. Cyclostoma echinatum [Gundlach] Prerrrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 4, p. 176. 1858. Ctenopoma echinatum PFEIFFER, Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium, suppl. 1, p. 103. 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphon) echinatum HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 68. Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored, unicolor or faintly spirally banded; peristome flesh colored. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, appressed at the summit, marked by strong, lamellose, scalloped axial ribs, of which 24 occur upon the first of the remaining turns in the specimen described and figured, 32 upon the second, 36 upon the third, and 48 upon the last whorl. The spiral sculpture consists of feeble broad threads, which render the riblets scalloped. Of these spiral threads, 5 occur upon the first, 6 upon the second, 9 upon the third, and 10 upon the last whorl between the summit and the suture. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by 5 spiral cords, which also render the ribs scalloped; within the umbilicus 6 or more additional scalloped cords are present. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the outer very strongly expanded, partly inbent on the inner lip to cover part of the umbilicus, marked by a series of concentric lamellae; outer peristome adnate to the preceding turn on the parietal wall, forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, behind which the breathing siphon is present; inner peristome exserted and slightly re- flected. Operculum paucispiral with the nucleus halfway between subcentral and submarginal, marked by numerous, retractively slant- ing, strongly raised, calcareous lamellae, which are fused both on their inner and outer borders. U.S.N.M. No. 493362 contains a cotype collected at Cabo Cruz by Gundlach and presented to the National Museum by Dr. de la Torre. 166 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 It has slightly more than 4 whorls and measures: Length, 9.6 mm.; greater diameter, 5.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.4 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (SOLUTAPEX) CAROLI Aguayo PuateE 11, Fiaures 9, 12 1932. Opisthosiphon caroli Aauayo, Nautilus, vol. 45, p. 94, pl. 6, figs. 2, 3. 1932. Opisthosiphon rivorum Aauayo, Nautilus, vol. 45, p. 95, pl. 6, fig. 4. Shell elongate-ovate. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, smooth, except for microscopic granules. The first 1.5 postnuclear whorls are decidedly solute, strongly rounded, showing the beginning of the sculpture characteristic of the later postnuclear turns. The postnuclear whorls are moderately rounded and they are crossed by slender, sublamellar axial ribs, of which 53 are present upon the last turn in the specimen figured. These axial ribs expand at the summit, where they form delicate hollow cusps, which project materially above the suture. The axial ribs are marked by slender tubercles having their long axis parallel with the axial sculpture; 4 of these are present between the summit and the suture. The spaces between the lamellar axial ribs are crossed by exceedingly fine, microscopic, closely spaced axial lirations. Suture moderately impressed. Periph- ery strongly rounded. Base short, well rounded, narrowly umbili- cated, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 3 broad low spiral cords, which render the axial ribs scalloped. The umbilical wall is marked by the feeble continuation of the axial ribs and by 4 strong spiral series of cusps. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the outer broadly, flaringly expanded, a little wider at the posterior angle, where it forms a slight auricle, marked by a series of wavy, concentric lamellae; the inner is slightly exserted. There is a puncture on the parietal wall near the posterior angle of the aperture, which communicates with the short siphon; the siphon is reflected backward into the suture. Operculum typically opis- thosiphonid. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 535346, was collected by Dr. Aguayo in Loma de la Caridad, Calabazas, Holguin, Oriente Province. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.3 mm.; greater diameter, 5.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.5 mm. An examination of topotypes of Opisthosiphon rivorum Aguayo, received from Dr. Aguayo, shows that the early postnuclear whorls of this shell are also solute. A comparison of all the other characters in our estimation yields no data to render the two even subspecifically distinct. Their identity is also proclaimed by their habitat, since both species come from the same hill, separated by a distance of only about 2 kilometers. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 167 MIRISIPHON, new subgenus Shell cylindro-conic, marked by slender, rounded, closely spaced, axial ribs. Between these ribs fine microscopic axial threads are present. The spiral sculpture consists of slender threads, whose junctions with the axial ribs form fine nodules. Siphon a little behind the peristome, directed backward into the suture. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Type: Opisthosiphon (Mirisiphon) sculptum ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer). OPISTHOSIPHON (MIRISIPHON) SCULPTUM ([{Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PuatTE 12, FIGURE 8 1857. Cyclostoma sculptum [Gundlach] Prrirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 4, pp. 176-77. 1858. Ctenopoma sculptum PrrirFER, Monographia pneumonopomorum viventi- um, suppl. 1, p. 103. 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphon) sculptum HrNpERSON and Barrscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 68. Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored with a yellowish tinge, marked by 3 broad spiral bands of brown between summit and suture, and a fourth a little anterior to the periphery. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by very regular and very regularly spaced, wavy and slightly retractively slanting axial riblets, of which 34 occur upon the first, 44 upon the second, 76 upon the third, and 104 upon the last turn. These riblets are distantly spaced on the early turns and become more closely approximated as the shell increases in size; almost every other one of these riblets develops into a small sharp cusp at the sum- mit. The spiral sculpture consists of slender threads about equaling the riblets in strength. Of these, 4 are present on the first whorl, 5 on the second, 10 upon the third, and 12 upon the last. They render the axial sculpture slightly nodulose and slightly wavy. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, broadly, openly umbilicated, and marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by 5 spiral threads; within the umbilicus 9 additional threads are present. Aperture oval; peristome double, the outer broadly expanded, of almost the same width all around, adnate to the preceding turn on the parietal wall; at the posterior angle it forms an auricle, which is appressed and attached to the breathing siphon immediately behind it; the inner peristome is slightly exserted and slightly reflected. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 493369, is one of four collected at Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province. It has a little over 4 whorls and measures: Length, 7.3 mm.; greater diameter, 4.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.3 mm. 168 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Bartsch collected it also at the mouth of the Rio Ojo del Toro in Oriente Province. BERMUDEZSIPHONA, new subgenus In this subgenus the spiral sculpture is confined to the umbilicus. (Sometimes there is an indication of it on the early postnuclear whorls.) The intercostal spaces are marked by microscopic axial threads. Type: Opisthosiphon (Bermudezsiphona) bermudezi, new species. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS BERMUDEZSIPHONA Umbilicus closed. Outeriperistomie erect. = = tae ee ee ee eee cucullatum Outer peristome not erect. Outer peristome, suberect=. 2 =. 52.2. Se Waa oa ees palmeri Outer peristome not suberect. Outer peristome horizontally expanded. Outer peristome broad. Shell ovate <2. ogee sae ee ae greenfieldi Shell elongate-ovate. Axial ribs of last whorl strongly developed. Basal peristome broadly expanded_ lamellosum Basal peristome only moderately expandediis. (a5 aan ese plateroense Axial ribs of last whorl not strongly developed?! 2214 Wa Sit te prominulum Outer peristome narrow. Shell ovate. Axial ribs very closely spaced_-____-__- banaoense Axial ribs not closely spaced_______-_- obturatum Shell elongate-ovate__..___...-...._..._- obtectum Shell not elongate-ovate. Shell subeydingrie sso) 20) Hepere ek Pae ts insulanum Umbilicus open. Last whorl decidedly solute. ASdialeribs| sublamellarn eis 20s hee ease mel Gene salustii ART ARTS 717 © OSU] 210 ell elise a pena at te Le ene evanidum Last whorl not decidedly solute. Kastiiwhorl subsoltrtess Sate). Soom wah oasis Be subobturatum Last whorl not subsolute. Last whorl adnate to preceding turn. Inner lip of outer peristome strongly notched or folded. Axial nibs:distantly spaced] ea aea). tee torrei Axial ribs not distantly spaced. Shell elongate-ovate_..__._.___.____- caguanense Shell ovate or pupoid______________ subobtectum Inner lip of outer peristome not notched or folded. Shell elongate-ovate._._-. 2 5 eee aguilerianum Shell ovate or pupoid. Axial ribs closely spaced_____..__._____-- detectum Axial ribs distantly spaced____________ bermudezi Outer peristome narrow. Outer peristome broad__.___._____- andrewsi CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 169 OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) CUCULLATUM, new species PLATE 12, Figure 7 Shell elongate-ovate, pale yellow with faint interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls 1.5, small, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, forming an almost cylindric, truncated apex. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, the first marked by slender, rather closely spaced, hairlike, decidedly retractively slanting axial ribs. On the succeeding turns these ribs become more distantly spaced and they develop into slender lamellae, which again become less highly elevated and more rounded toward the last whorl. On the early whorls these ribs are finely scalloped. On the later turns this sculpture disappears. On all the turns the ribs become expanded at the summit into narrow cusps, which extend across the suture to touch the preceding turn. Of these ribs 48 occur upon the last whorlin the type. The spaces sepa- rating the axial ribs are much wider than the ribs and are marked by slender, somewhat sinuous axial threads; they are free of spiral sculpture. The suture, while well impressed, is rendered less con- spicuous by the cusps of the ribs at their summit. Periphery well rounded. Base short, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and within the exposed portion of the umbilicus by 3 spiral threads, which render the axial ribs decidedly scalloped at their junction. Aperture broadly oval, almost subcircular; peristome double, the inner erect and slightly exserted, the outer broadly expanded, the expanded portion also erect or even inbent partly over the aperture, forming a decided hoodlike auricle at the posterior angle. On the inner lip the outer peristome is deeply notched and the portion posterior to the notch is reflected over the umbilicus, which it plugs; the plug appears decidedly pinched in. On the parietal wall the outer peristome is reflected over the preceding turn. The outer peristome is covered with slender, concentric laminae. The operculum is typically opis- thosiphonid. The siphon is short and directed into the suture and communicates through the channel behind the parietal lip with the hollow axis of the shell, breathing being accomplished through the hollow axis and through the decollated apex when the operculum closes the aperture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535433, has 4.8 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.4 mm.; greater diameter, 5.8 mm.; lesser diam- eter,4.7mm. A large series of specimens was collected by Bartsch on the north slope of the Sierra de Meneses, east of Yaguajay, Santa Clara Province. Bartsch collected specimens also opposite Jungalito, on the north slope of the Sierra de Meneses, and Bermudez found it at Urbaza and El Yigre, Yaguajay. 170 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 The fact that the outer peristome is erect and forms a strong hood at the posterior angle of the aperture distinguishes this species from all the other Opisthosiphons. Animals collected in the Sierra de Meneses opposite Kilometers 42 and 43 were described by Bartsch as follows: Pale buff with a smoky tinge and a pinkish area at the base of the dark gray tentacles. There is a median dorsal diffused longitudinal stripe. Sides of the body a little paler than the dorsal part, with the sole of the foot paler than the sides and deeply cleft. The animal at rest suspends itself by a mucous thread. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) PALMERI, new species Shell elongate-ovate, thin, small. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. The early postnuclear whorls with strongly raised, lamellar axial ribs, which beyond the second turn become decidedly reduced and which are replaced by ill-defined, low, rounded axial ribs. Some of the axial ribs develop into hollow cusps at the summit, which extend across the well-impressed suture and which touch the preceding whorl. Periphery well rounded. Base moderately long, marked by the continuation of the axial sculpture of the last turn and by a spiral thread, limiting the outer edge of the umbilicus, which renders the ribs decidedly scalloped. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner exserted and erect; the outer broadly expanded, sloping at an angle of 45° from the inner peristome, marked by numerous slender, concentric lamellae. On the inner lip the peristome is deeply notched, the portion posterior to the notch being reflected over the umbilicus, which it plugs. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The siphon is at the posterior angle of the aperture behind the peristome and it is directed backward into the suture, where it connects through a channel behind the parietal wall with the hollow axis, breathing being accom- plished through the decollated tip. This species is distinguished from O. (B.) cucullatum by its much less erect outer peristome and by the much enfeebled axial sculpture of the later turns. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) PALMERI Axial ribs of last whorls well developed______-._:...__-__.--_------ palmeri Axial ribs of last whorls almost obsolete_____-___._____________ camajanense OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) PALMERI PALMERI, new subspecies Puate 12, Figure 3 This subspecies is known from Guainabo, and Pie Valdes, near Yaguajay, Santa Clara Province. It differs from O. (B.) CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 171 palmeri camajanense in having the axial ribs well developed on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535436, was collected by Dr. Bermudez at Guainabo, Yaguajay. It has almost 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.4 mm.; greater diameter, 7.3, mm; lesser diameter, 6.0 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) PALMERI CAMAJANENSE, new subspecies PuaTE 12, Ficure 1 This subspecies differs from typical O. (B.) palmeri palmeri in having the axial sculpture reduced to almost the vanishing point on the later turns, and in having the denticles at the summit much stronger. It was collected by Bermudez at Camajin, Yaguajay, Santa Clara Province. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535439, has 3.8 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 15.0 mm.; greater diameter, 8.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.8 mm. This subspecies varies greatly in size, as does the typical species; the smallest specimen before us has 3.7 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.6 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) GREENFIELDI, new species PLATE 12, Ficure 11 Shell broadly ovate, ranging from flesh colored to pale yellow to chestnut-brown, unicolor, or with a parietal band of darker brown. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granu- lose, forming an almost cylindric truncated apex. The initial part of the nuclear turns is brown, the rest white. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slightly retractively slanting sublamellar axial ribs, which are more distantly spaced on the early turns than on the later whorls. At irregular intervals these ribs form hollow cusps at the summit. The spaces between the axial ribs are marked by microscopic axial threads. Of the axial ribs 86 are present on the last whorl in the type. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which extend undiminished to the umbilicus. The outside of the closed umbilicus is marked by 4 spiral cords, which render the axial ribs strongly scalloped at their junctions. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly expanded, reflected and appressed to the outer; the outer broadly expanded, forming a decided auricle at the posterior angle, deeply notched on the middle of the inner lip. Posterior to the notch the outer peristome is reflected over the umbilicus, which it completely covers. It also extends as a broad flap adnate to the 172 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 preceding turn at the parietal wall. The entire outer peristome is marked by numerous slender, concentric lamellae, which are particu- larly emphasized at the posterior angle. Operculum typically opis- thosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture, reflected backward and toward the suture behind the peristome, connecting with a channel behind the parietal peristome, communicating with the hollow axis of the spire, breathing being accomplished through this by means of the truncated apex when the operculum closes the shell. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535441, and a series of specimens were collected by Bartsch on rocks at Sitio Afuera, at the south end of the Paso de la Escalera, Cubitas Mountains, Camagiiey Province. The type has 4.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.7 mm.; greater diameter, 9.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.3, mm. It is a medium-sized specimen; in the collection there are larger and smaller individuals. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) LAMELLOSUM, new species Shell very elongate-ovate, flesh colored, unicolor or banded. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by retractively slanting, sublamellar axial ribs, which are much more distantly spaced on the early turns than on the last. These ribs form hollow cusps at the summit at more or less regular intervals; they vary materially in strength in the two races here recognized. The spaces separating the axial ribs are microscopic axial threads. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and immediately outside of the closed umbilicus by several spiral threads, which render the axial ribs conspicuously scalloped. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted; the outer broadly expanded, reflected, and auriculated at the posterior angle, and deeply notched on the inner lip, the portion posterior to the notch being reflected into the umbilicus, which it plugs. The outer peristome is marked by fine, concentric lamellae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The siphon is situated at the posterior angle of the aperture behind the peristome; it is reflected into the suture and communicates through a channel behind the parietal wall with the hollow axis and the decollated apex. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) LAMELLOSUM Shell with interrupted spiral bands of brown_________________-- lamellosum Shell without interrupted spiral bands of brown_____________---_----- lowei CUBAN ANNULARITDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH ie OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) LAMELLOSUM LAMELLOSUM, new subspecies PuaTE 12, Fiaurn 4 This race comes from Espinosa, Chambas, Camagiiey Province. It differs from O. (B.) lamellosum lowei in being conspicuously banded with interrupted zones of brown. These markings extend to the outer peristome where the ribs are also much more distantly spaced and a little more strongly sublamellose than in the other subspecies. There is also a tendency toward a line of nodules on the ribs below the cusps at the summit, which gives a false aspect of having a spiral cord. This is not true of the other race. The type has 39 ribs on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535442, has 4.0 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.1 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) LAMELLOSUM LOWEI, new subspecies PLATE 12, FicuRE 6 Bartsch collected this subspecies in various places in the Dos Sierras, Santa Clara Province. It differs from typical O. (B.) lamel- losum lamellosum in being unicolor, therefore lacking the rays on the outer peristome; in being larger and a little more elongate with more inflated whorls; and in having the axial ribs much more closely spaced and more numerous, with less conspicuous cusps at the summit; 84 axial ribs are present on the last turn in the type. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535444, is a complete specimen having 6.4 whorls and measures: Length, 12.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.2 mm. We have seen it also from Loma Esperanza, Zaza del Medio, Santa Clara Province. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) PLATEROENSE, new species PLATE 12, Figure 10 Shell elongate-ovate, thin, pale brown, with interrupted spiral bands of darker brown, of which 6 are present on the last turn between summit and suture, and 3 are on the posterior half of the base in the type. Peristome yellow. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, forming an almost cylindric truncated apex. Postnuclear whorls strongly inflated, rounded, and marked by distantly spaced, sublamellar, slightly retractively slanting axial ribs, which become expanded near the summit into slender cusps, which extend up on the preceding whorl. Not infrequently these cusps are hollow. In addition to this, the axial ribs bear slight scallops; these scallops give the shell a somewhat spirally sculptured 174 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 effect, which, however, is not apparent in the intercostal spaces. The broad spaces between the axial ribs are marked by microscopic axial threads. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, and on the exposed portion of the umbilicus by 3 prominent spiral cords, which render the axial ribs at their junction decidedly scalloped. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner rather conspicuously exserted; the outer broadly expanded, slightly auriculate at the posterior angle, and deeply notched on the middle of the inner lip, the portion posterior to the notch being reflected to plug the umbilicus. The outer peristome is marked by numerous, strongly developed, concentric lamellae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture, behind the peristome, is reflected into the suture and communicates with the channel behind the parietal wall, which is connected with the hollow axis and the decollated apex. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 387920, has 4 whorls remaining and meas- ures: Length, 13.0 mm.; greater diameter, 8.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.5 mm. A large series of specimens was collected by Bartsch on the north slope of Loma Platero, near Jagiiey, Santa Clara Province. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) PROMINULUM, new species PuatTE 12, FiaurE 2 Shell very elongate-ovate, moderately thin, pale yellowish brown. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls somewhat inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by retractively slanting ribs, which are more pronounced and more widely separated on the early turns than on the succeeding whorls. On the last two whorls they become decidedly reduced and they are here but slightly elevated. The spaces between the axial riblets are crossed by microscopic axial threads. Of the axial riblets 82 occur upon the last turn. Some of these axial riblets become expanded at the summit to form hollow cusps at more or less regular intervals. Suture well impressed. Periphery of the last whorl inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuation of the weak axial ribs, which extend to the closed umbilicus. The exposed portion of the umbilicus shows 3 spiral cords, which render the axial riblets somewhat scalloped. Base short, well rounded. Aperture broadly oval, peristome double, the inner slightly exserted, the outer broadly expanded, forming an auricle at the posterior angle and being notched on the middle of the inner lip; the portion posterior to the notch is reflected to plug the umbilicus. On the parietal wall the outer lip extends over and is adnate to the CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 175 preceding turn. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture behind the outer peristome is reflected into the suture, communicating with the channel behind the parietal wall, connecting with the hollow axis and the decollated tip. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535446, was collected by Bermudez at Cambao, Yaguajay, Santa Clara Province. It has 3.7 whorls remain- ing and measures: Length, 12.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.7 mm. We have seen specimens also collected by Bermudez at Vereda del Resbalillo, Yaguajay and at Vereda El Guajaco, Cambao, Yagua- jay, Santa Clara Province. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) BANAOENSE Torre and Henderson Shell varying from ovate to broadly ovate and ranging in color from white to flesh color to pale yellow to orange and brown to unicolor or with a band of dark brown at the periphery. Nuclear whorls 2, small, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnu- clear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by numerous closely spaced, almost vertical axial ribs, which are stronger and more distantly spaced on the early turns than on the later. These ribs develop at more or less regular intervals into hollow cusps at the summit, which are also of varying size, suture well constricted. Per- iphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which extend undi- minished into the umbilicus. The exposed portion of the umbilicus shows several spiral threads, which render the axial riblets scalloped at their junctions. Aperture broadly ovate; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted on the inner lip and reflected over and appressed to the outer peristome of the outer lip. The outer peristome is narrowly expanded on the outer and basal lip, and broadly ex- panded to form an auricle at the posterior angle. On the inner lip the outer peristome is also expanded and deeply notched; the broad flap posterior to the notch is reflected over and plugs the umbilicus, while on the parietal wall it is adnate to the preceding turn. The outer peristome is marked by fine concentric lamellae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aper- ture bends into the suture, connecting with the hollow axis through a channel behind the outer peristome of the parietal wall. This species appears to be confined to the southwestern portion of the Cubitas Mountain region. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to distinguish: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) BANAOENSE Shel ibroag@lyovate8 Po iOe ey PE otis | alt a banaoense SHeMOVaALG tee 2) Qty tine made wilt yr sei nel trincherasense 176 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) BANAOENSE BANAOENSE Torre and Henderson Puate 12, Ficure 5 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) obturatum banaoense TorRRE and HENDER- son, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 253. This subspecies was described from Banao off the southwestern part of the Cubitas Mountains, is shorter than 0. (B.) banaoense trincherasense, and usually has the umbilicus more deeply plugged by the reflected inner lip of the outer peristome. The first remaining whorl in the type bears 72 riblets; 152 are present upon the last one. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314950, has a little over 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.0 mm.; greater diameter, 8.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.4 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) BANAOENSE TRINCHERASENSE, new subspecies PuaTEe 12, Figure 9 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) trincheracensis (Torre and Henderson MS.) HeEnpeErson and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67, nomen nudum. This race was collected by Torre in the Paso de las Trincheras, western end of the Cubitas Mountain. It is more elongate than the typical race and it is usually of darker color. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355473, has 3 whorls remaining and meas- ures: Length, 14.0 mm.; greater diameter, 9.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.3 mm. It has 56 axial riblets on the first of the remaining turns and 142 upon the last whorl. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) OBTURATUM Torre and Henderson Shell ovate, varying from flesh color to horn color, buff to orange or even to brown. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, and marked by retractively slanting, sublamellar axial ribs, the early ribs bearing slender elongated thickenings resembling nodules that would indicate spiral sculpture, which, however, is not present in the inter- costal spaces. The slight spiral sculptured effect, therefore, is a false one. These ribs at irregular intervals become strongly developed at the summit, where they form hollow cusps, which extend up on the preceding turn and which are adnate to it. The spaces separating the axial ribs are much wider than the ribs. Suture well constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base moderately long, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and several inconspicuous spiral threads on the exposed portion of the umbilical wall. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and reflected, par- ticularly so on the outer lip; the outer peristome is broadly ex- CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH Lid panded at the posterior angle to form a conspicuous auricle. It is narrower on the outer and basal lip where it is again expanded on the inner lip, which is deeply notched. Posterior to the notch it forms a very broad flap, which extends over the umbilicus and covers it. The outer peristome is marked by conspicuous concentric lamellae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The siphon is at the posterior angle of the aperture behind the peristome, directed into the suture, where it connects with the slender tube connecting with the umbilicus and, through the hollow axis, with the decollated end of the shell. The species is restricted to the Cubitas Mountains. We are recognizing two subspecies from this locality, which the following key will help to distinguish: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) OBTURATUM WROnISmINn A Lede se 2 wet. ee sare a et, eee Mei a entre eee ees SR ee sulcosum Wihorsswelleround ed tas ole tthe e the A et a a Sa Se We obturatum OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) OBTURATUM SULCOSUM, new subspecies PLATE 13, Figure 12 This subspecies is more elongated than O. (B.) obturatum obturatum. It has the axial ribs on all the whorls much more distantly spaced. Of these, 18 are present on the first whorl and 51 are upon the last in the type. The ribs also show the nodules referred to in the specific description much more emphasized than in the other subspecies. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535450, was collected by Bartsch at Salto del Paso Tinaja, about 1.5 km. from the north entrance to the pass. It has 5.0 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.8 mm.; greater diameter, 8.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) OBTURATUM OBTURATUM Torre and Henderson PLATE 13, Fiaure 11 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) obturatus (Torre and Henderson) HENDER- son and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67, nomen nudum. 1921. Opisthostphon (Opisthosiphona) obturatum obturatum TorrE and HENDER- son, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 252, pl. 39, figs. 3-6. This race, which comes from Paso de Lesca, Cubitas Mountains, is much more rotund than 0. (B.) 0. sulcosum and has broader whorls. The axial ribs are much more numerous, more closely spaced, and more conspicuously cusped at the summit. Of the axial ribs, 34 are present on the first of the remaining turns and 92 are upon the last in the type. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314948, has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.5 mm.; greater diameter, 10.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.7 mm. 178 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) OBTECTUM Torre and Henderson Shell elongate-ovate, rather thin, horn colored, unicolor, or banded with interrupted spiral zones of brown. Nuclear whorls 2, small, inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by slender, slightly retractively curved axial ribs, which are more distantly spaced on the early turns than on the later and which in some of the races become decidedly reduced on the last whorl. Some of these ribs develop into slender cusps at the summit at more or less regular intervals; these cusps are not infrequently hollow. The intercostal spaces are marked by microscopic axial threads. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and, in the exposed portion of the umbilicus, by spiral threads. Aperture broadly oval, almost subcircular, peristome double, the inner exserted and slightly reflected on the outer lip but free from the outer, which is narrowly expanded on the outer lip, a little more expanded on the inner, and which forms a moderately conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle. The outer peristome of the inner lip is deeply notched, and the portion posterior to the notch is reflected into the umbilicus, which it plugs. The outer peristome is marked by slender, concentric lamellae. The operculum is typically opisthosiphonid. The siphon, situated at the posterior angle of the aperture behind the peristome, connects with the channel behind the parietal portion of the outer peristome and in turn with the hollow axis and the decollated apex. The species seems to be fairly widely distributed in Santa Clara Province. We are recognizing four subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) OBTECTUM Denticles at the summit distantly spaced_____________________- seibaboense Denticles at the summit not distantly spaced. Asal mbar distamtlyispacedise esse. 8 poe eee ee eke obtectum Axial ribs not distantly spaced. Wihorls) rib bos@s ss - es eende a. shy 64 ae Aree ee tenuicostum Whorlsinotigibbos@. 542). 5 se bs ee ee ae guayosense OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) OBTECTUM SEIBABOENSE, new subspecies PuaTE 13, FigurE 4 This race, which was collected by Dr. Bermudez at Vereda de Her- rera, Seibabo, Yaguajay, Santa Clara Province, is distinguished from the other three by having all the ribs much more distantly spaced and by having the denticles at the summit stronger and more distantly spaced. In the type there are 30 axial ribs on the first of the remain- ing whorls and 64 on the last whorl. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 179 The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535452, has 3.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.0 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) OBTECTUM OBTECTUM Torre and Henderson PuLatTE 138, Ficure 1 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) obtectus (Torre and Henderson MS.) HEn- DERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 68, nomen nudum. 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphon) obtectum obtectum Torre and HENDERSON, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, pp. 262-263, pl. 42, figs. 2, 3. This subspecies, which was described from E] Palenque de Taguaya- bon, near Remedios, Santa Clara Province, and which we have also found at Rojas, Remedios, differs from 0. (B.) obtectum seibaboense in being slenderer, in having the whorls a little more inflated, and in having the axial ribs more pronounced, more closely spaéed, and much more numerous. The ribs also have faint indications of obsolete nodules. In the type the first of the remaining whorls has 26 axial ribs, while on the last there are 68. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314961, has a little more than 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.3 mm.; greater diameter, 7.9 min.; lesser diameter, 5.8 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) OBTECTUM TENUICOSTUM Torre and Henderson Puats 13, FIcuRE 6 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphon) obtectum tenuicostum Torre and HEn- DERSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 263, pl. 42, figs. 4, 5. This race comes from Cerro de la Puntilla near Remedios, Santa Clara Province. It differs from O. (B.) obtectum obtectum in being more chubby, with the whorls more inflated, the ribs much less strongly developed, and the denticles even more numerous. The outer peri- stome is also less expanded. In the weakness of the axial ribs it resembles O. (B.) obtectum seibaboense. In the type there are 32 axial ribs on the first of the remaining whorls and 80 on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314962, has a little more than 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.2 mm.; greater diameter, 6.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.5 mm. Animals of this subspecies collected by Bartsch on La Puntilla August 5, 1928, were described by him as being dark olivaceous with numerous lighter dots on the papillae. Tentacles pale orange tipped at the slightly expanded end with black, which coloring produces a very striking effect. The animal suspends with a mucous thread when at rest. 223580—40—4 180 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) OBTECTUM GUAYOSENSE, new subspecies PuaTE 13, FicguRE 2 This race comes from the caves near Guayos, in Santa Clara Province. We have also seen it from Las Damas, near Guayos. It differs from the other three subspecies in being much more slender, with the whorls a little less inflated. The ribs are about as strongly developed as those of typical O. (B.) obtectum obtectum, stronger than in the other two races. The denticulations at the summit also resemble those of typical obtectum. In the type there are 30 ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 104 on the last. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355514, has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.2 mm.; greater diameter, 6.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.2 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) INSULANUM, new species Shell subcylindric, rather thin, pale straw colored, with interrupted spiral bands of brown. The early whorls are decollated in all our specimens. Those remaining are very strongly inflated and rounded, and crossed by slightly retractively slanting axial ribs, which are more distantly spaced on the early whorls than on the later, where they are rather closely approximated. These riblets at rather close intervals form slender minute cusps at the summit. The intercostal spaces are marked by microscopic axial threads. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and in the exposed portion of the umbilicus by a number of spiral cords, which render the axial ribs feebly nodulose at their junctions. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner exserted, erect; the outer forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, narrower on the outer and basal lip, and again expanded on the inner lip, where it is strongly notched; the portion posterior to the notch is bent into and plugs the umbilicus. The outer peristome is marked by slender, concentric lamellae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The siphon situ- ated at the posterior angle of the aperture immediately behind the peristome bends into the suture and connects through a slender channel behind the parietal wall of the outer peristome with the umbilicus, the hollow axis, and the decollated apex. The species appears to be confined to the small islands lying off the Santa Clara coast near Caibarien. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) INSULANUM Sutureistronely, constricted = sesn bes fo) ee scopulorum Suture enormously constricted)=—. =u 8 oe insulanum CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 181 OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) INSULANUM SCOPULORUM, new subspecies PuatTEe 13, FicuRE 7 This race was collected by Dr. Bermudez on Cayo de la Salina, east of Caibarien. It is distinguished from O. (B.) insulanum insu- lanum by having the suture much less strongly constricted, with the denticles at the summit much more pronounced and less abundant. The outer lip is much more expanded and the interrupted spiral bands are less pronounced. In the type 43 axial ribs are on the first of the remaining turns and 115 are on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535454, has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.4 mm.; greater diameter, 6.1 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 4.7 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) INSULANUM INSULANUM, new subspecies Puate 13, Figure 5 This race was collected by Dr. Bermudez on Cayo de la Aguada, east of Caibarien. It is distinguished from O. (B.) insulanum scopu- lorum in having the suture much more strongly constricted, with the denticles at the summit less feeble. The strong constriction gives to the shell an almost pupoid appearance. The type has 35 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 105 on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535453, has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.0 mm.; greater diameter, 5.6 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 4.7 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) SALUSTII Torre and Henderson PuLatTEe 13, F1iGuRE 9 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) salustii (Torre and Henderson) HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67, nomen nudum. 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) salustii TorrB and HENDERSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, pp. 256-257, pl. 40, figs. 5, 7. Shell very broadly elongate-conic, flesh colored, with 4 interrupted spiral bands of brown on the spire and 3 on the base. The umbilical wall is pale brown and the outer lip of the outer peristome is rayed with brown. Nuclear whorls 2, small, well rounded, microscopically granulose, with the last portion of the last turn showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded and marked by slightly retractively slanting axial ribs, which are very distantly spaced on the early turns and which become gradually more closely approximated as the shell increases in size; on the last turn they are separated by spaces as wide as the riblets. In the type, 32 of these riblets occur upon the first of the remaining turns, 38 upon the second, 66 upon the third, and 108 upon the last. 182 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 89 Some of these riblets become expanded at rather regular intervals at the summit, where they project as slender hollow cusps. The inter- costal spaces are marked by microscopic axial threads. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base short, in- flated, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by 8 spiral threads on the edge of the umbilicus, and by 10 within the umbilicus. Last whorl solute for about one-eighth of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner exserted and slightly reflected; the outer moderately broadly expanded, a little more so on the inner and the parietal wall than on the rest, and reflected as a broad backward-turned auricle at the posterior angle, which covers the backward-directed siphon. Operculum typi- cally opisthosiphonid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314954, comes from Finca Santa Rita near El Cercado, Cubitas Mountains, Camagiiey Province. It has a little more than 3 whorls and measures: Length, 10.9 mm.; greater diameter, 8.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.9 mm. The collection also includes a large series of specimens collected by Bartsch at Finca Gertrudis, a little east of the type locality. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) EVANIDUM Torre and Henderson Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored except for the plug at the decol- lated end, which is brown. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by slender, retrac- tively curved axial riblets, which are very distantly spaced on the early turns and which become gradually more closely approximated. On the last whorl the spaces that separate them are only about twice as wide as the riblets. The intercostal spaces are marked by micro- scopic axial threads. At more or less regular intervals some of these riblets become expanded and thickened at the summit, where they form conspicuous white hollow denticles. Suture strongly con- stricted. Periphery strongly inflated, well rounded. Base short, openly umbilicated, inflated, well rounded, and marked by the con- tinuation of the axial riblets and feeble spiral threads on the bend of the umbilicus, and by stronger spiral threads on the umbilical wall. Last whorl solute for about one-fourth of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the outer moderately expanded on the inner lip and at the posterior angle, where it forms a conspicuous auricle that is reflected over the siphon. On the outer and basal lip it extends but slightly beyond the inner peristome; inner peri- stome slightly exserted and reflected. Operculum typically opistho- siphonid. The species appears to be confined to the south side of the Cubitas Mountains, Camagiiey Province. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 183 We are recognizing two subspecies. These may be differentiated by the following key and descriptions: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) EVANIDUM Spiral cords of umbilical wall moderately strong___.._------------ evanidum Spiral cords of umbilical wall feeble__ +. 2-2-2 ke ee degeneratum OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) EVANIDUM EVANIDUM Torre and Henderson PiLatH 18, Figures 10 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) evanidum evanidum 'TorrE and HENDER- son, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 258, pl. 41, figs. 1, 2. This subspecies was collected by Torre and Sifontes at Finca La Loma, on the south-central side of the Cubitas Mountains. It differs from O. (B.) evanidum degeneratum in being larger, more robust, more inflated, and apparently lacking the faint interrupted spiral band of brown which is usually present in that race. In the type there are 40 axial riblets on the first of the remaining turns and 136 on the last. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314950, has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.2 mm.; greater diameter, 8.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.1 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) EVANIDUM DEGENERATUM Torre and Henderson PuaTE 138, FicureE 3 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) evanidum degeneratum Torre and HEN- DERSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 258, pl. 41, figs. 3, 8. This subspecies was collected by Torre and Sifontes on Monte de Santa Cruz, at the right of Los Cangilones. It differs from the typical race in being always smaller, less inflated, more regularly conic, and in usually having indications of interrupted spiral bands of brown. In the type there are 40 axial ribs on the first of the remaining whorls and 130 on the last turn. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314956, has 4.0 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.8 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) SUBOBTURATUM Torre and Henderson Shell varying from broadly ovate to elongate-ovate in shape and varying in color from horn colored to pale brown, unicolor or with a broad spiral band of darker brown at the periphery; peristome white. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, forming an almost cylindric truncated apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by retractively slanting axial ribs, which are. distantly spaced on the early turns and which are much more closely 184 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 approximated on the later whorls. These riblets at irregular intervals form small, more or less rounded, white, hollow cusps at the summit. The intercostal spaces are marked by microscopic axial hairlines. Suture well constricted. Periphery decidedly inflated, well rounded. Base short, inflated, well rounded, openly umbilicated, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by a series of low equal spiral threads within the umbilicus. The last whorl is solute for about one-fifth of a turn, the outer peristome of the parietal wall sometimes touching the preceding whorl. Aperture broadly ovate; peristome double, the inner exserted, reflected, and appressed to the outer lip, free on the inner lip; the outer peristome is narrow on the outer lip and decidedly expanded on the inner and parietal wall. There is a deep notch on the inner lip, posterior to which the peristome is reflected over the umbilicus, which it partially shields. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon behind the posterior angle of the aperture directed backward and free. The species appears restricted to the western end of the Cubitas Mountains. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) SUBOBTURATUM IO UKG ATO tee MEU aria Jee ach ince Lane alent oe 0h a ati ae SS subobturatum Shelly crysir Oa ly] OV eee saree eae ee te eal cae ge SNe tinajaense OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) SUBOBTURATUM SUBOBTURATUM Torre and Henderson PuatsE 13, Figure 8 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) subobturatus HeENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67, MS. 1921. Opisthostphon (Opisthosiphona) obturatum subobturatum Torre and HEN- DERSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 253, pl. 39, figs. 7-11. This race was collected by Torre, Henderson, and Simpson in the Paso de las Trincheras, in a cave known as Los Indios, Camagiiey Province. It is distinguished from QO. (B.) subobturatum tinajaense in being much less rotund; that is, it is more elongate-ovate and is nearer unicolor. The type has 34 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 130 on the last. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314949, has a little more than 4 whorts remaining and measures: Length, 13.5 mm.; greater diameter, 9.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.9 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) SUBOBTURATUM TINAJAENSE, new subspecies PLATE 13, Fiaure 13 This race was collected in large numbers at many stations in Paso de la Tinaja, Cubitas Mountains, the pass west of Trincheras, Cama- giiey Province, It is distinguished from 0. (B.) subobturatum sub- obturatum by its more rotund shape and by its much more conspic- CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE——TORRE AND BARTSCH 185 uous banding. On the first of the remaining turns in the type there are 47 axial ribs, with 133 on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535455, comes from the paredones 2.5 km. from the north entrance to Paso de la Tinaja. It has 4.0 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.8 mm.; greater diameter, 10.4 mm.; lesser diameter, 8.0 mm, OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) TORREI Welch PLATE 14, Figurp 4 1929. Opisthosiphon torreti WeLcu, Nautilus, vol. 42, p. 98, pl. 5, fig. 3. 1934. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphon) torrei WEucH, Nautilus, vol. 47, p. 131, pl. 11, fig. 6. Shell elongate-ovate, thin, pale brown with the axial ribs almost white; peristome pale yellow. Nuclear whorls unknown. Post- nuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by rather distantly spaced, slender, lamellar axial ribs, which are feebly nodulose, the nodules at the summit and those adjacent to the summit being more pronounced than those on the rest of the turn. At the summit the ribs form slender hollow cusps, which extend up against the wall of the preced- ing turn. The intercostal spaces are marked by microscopic hair- lines. Of these ribs, 27 are present on the last turn of the specimen figured. The spaces between the axial ribs are marked by many microscopic threads. Suture well constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, moder- ately widely umbilicated, and marked in the outer portion of the umbilicus by 2 feeble spiral threads, which render the axial ribs somewhat spinose at their intersection. Aperture very broadly oval; peristome double, the inner exserted and slightly reflected; the outer broadly expanded and marked by strongly elevated concentric lamel- lae. The outer peristome is folded on the middle of the inner lip; posterior to the fold it is reflected over the umbilicus. It is adnate to the preceding turn on the parietal wall. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture behind the peristome bent into the suture, evidently communicating with the umbilicus. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 425682, is one of two; it has 3.6 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.8 mm.; greater diam- eter, 6.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.9 mm. It was collected by Drs. Pilsbry and Welch on a hill east of Chambas River, Florencia, Cama- giiey Province. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) CAGUANENSE, new species Puate 14, Figure 12 Shell elongate-ovate, ranging from pale yellow to brown, unicolor, or interruptedly spirally banded; the dots composing the bands are usually distantly spaced and are arranged in both axial and spiral 186 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 series; these dots may be present on both spire and base. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slightly retractively slanting, sublamellar axial ribs, of which 29 are present on the first whorl and 86 on the last. Almost every other one of these ribs is expanded at the summit into a hollow cusp. The intercostal spaces are wider than the ribs and they are marked by microscopic hairlines. Suture well impressed. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs which extend into the umbilicus. The umbilicus is narrowly open and it is marked by a series of concentric spiral threads, which render the axial ribs decid- edly nodulose at their junction. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted, scarcely reflected; the outer broadly expanded, forming somewhat of an auricle at the posterior angle of the aperture, deeply notched on the inner lip, the portion posterior to the notch expanded as a broad flap, which is reflected over the umbilicus, which it partly conceals. The outer peri- stome is marked by slender concentric lamellae. Operculum typi- cally opisthosiphonid. Siphon situated behind the peristome at the posterior angle of the aperture, directed into the suture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535456, comes from Cayo Caguanes, Yaguajay, Santa Clara Province. It has 4.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.8 mm.; greater diameter, 8.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.2 mm. The type is a little larger than additional speci- mens before us from the same locality. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) SUBOBTECTUM, new species Shell ovate, rather thin, varying in color from pale yellow to brown, unicolor, or with faint interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls about 2, small, inflated, strongly rounded, forming a slender truncated apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by retractively slanting axial ribs, which are only a trifle more distantly spaced on the early turns than on the last. Most of these ribs expand into tiny cusps at the summit. Intercostal spaces marked by microscopic axial hairlines. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded and openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by a series of spiral threads within the umbilicus. These threads render the axial riblets weakly nodulose. Aperture broadly oval, almost subcircular; peristome double, the inner exserted and very slightly expanded; the outer expanded, narrow on the outer and the basal lip, broader at the posterior angle, widest on the inner lip, at the middle of which it is deeply infolded and reflected over the umbilicus. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture behind the peristome directed into the suture. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 187 This species centers about Remedios, Santa Clara Province. Four subspecies may be differentiated by the following key: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) SUBOBTECTUM Axial ribs moderately strongly developed. Shell short and pupoid. Reflected portion of the inner lip of the outer peristome ID RO SCs eae ee ee ee be Soe ae subobtectum Reflected portion of the inner lip of the outer peristome SUCRE AG ey ee eo ne Me ene ey A ee ae puntillense Shell not short and pupoid, but elongate________.__-_---- guajabanense Qudnlsrtbamoemliets bru oles lweoee J iepetee lee elon lle quintanense OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) SUBOETECTUM SUBOBTECTUM, new subspecies PuaTE 14, FIGURE 2 This subspecies comes from Rojas, near Remedios, Santa Clara Province. It has the suture strongly constricted, which gives it a pupoid aspect. The axial ribs are fairly strongly developed and the outer peristome is very broadly expanded on the inner lip, where it is bent in rather than out. This alone will differentiate it from the other pupiform member, QO. (B.) subobtectum puntillense. In the type there are 22 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 67 on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535458, has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.5 mm.; greater diameter, 6.2 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 5.3. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) SUBOBTECTUM PUNTILLENSE, new subspecies PLATE 14, Figure 3 In this race also the shape is pupiform, in which respect it resembles typical O. (B.) subobtectum subobtectum, from which it is easily dis- tinguished by the much less expanded outer peristome of the inner lip. Like typical subobtectum, the spiral threads in the umbilicus are feebly expressed. O. (B.) subobtectum puntillense comes from La Puntilla, a block of limestone 2 miles southwest of Remedios, Santa Clara Province. In the type 30 axial ribs are present on the first of the remaining turns and 62 are on the last. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535457, has 3.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.2 mm.; greater diameter, 5.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.7 mm. Animals of this subspecies collected by Bartsch at La Puntilla August 7, 1928, were described by him as being of smoke gray ground color, with a pinkish area about the base of the tentacles; sides with an olivaceous tinge with numerous small, low papillae having many 188 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 grayish dots. Sole of the foot a little paler than the sides, deeply medially cleft. The motion may be direct or jerky. The animal suspends by a mucous thread when at rest. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) SUBOBTECTUM GUAJABANENSE, new subspecies Puate 14, Figure 13 A large series of specimens of this subspecies were taken by Bartsch on Cerro de Guajabana, near Caibarién. It is most nearly related to O. (B.) subobtectum quintanense, but it is readily distinguished from that by its darker color, interrupted spiral bands, and stronger sculp- ture. There are 46 axial ribs on the first of the remaining whorls and 61 on the last turn. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535459, has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.5 mm.; greater diameter, 7.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.0 mm. Animals of this subspecies, collected by Bartsch at Guajabana August 8, 1928, were described by him as having the dorsal parts sooty, a little paler about the base of the tentacles and eyes. Entire body, except the sole of the foot, covered by numerous flattened papillae, which are made up of many whitish dots. Tentacles sooty with a dusky orange ring about the base. Sole of the foot deeply, medially cleft, smoke gray, with an olivaceous tinge. The animal when at rest suspends by a mucous thread. In this subspecies the male is smaller than the female. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) SUBOBTECTUM QUINTANENSE, new subspecies PuatE 14, Figure 14 This race was collected by Bartsch at Loma de Quintana, a lime- stone block about 4 miles slightly southwest of Caibarién, and an equal distance a little east and north of Remedios. This is one of the elongate-ovate members. The shell is pale and the ribs are very poorly developed. In size it approaches O. (B.) subobtectum guaja- banense, but it is easily distinguished from guajabanense by its pale color and feeble sculpture. There are 34 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 68 are on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535460, has 3.4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.8 mm.; greater diameter, 7.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.9 mm. Animals of this subspecies were collected by Bartsch at Loma de Quintana on August 9, 1928, and were described by him as having the upper part of smoke-gray color, paler on the forehead, with a pinkish area above the base of the tentacles, which are pale orange tipped with CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 189 dark bluish gray, almost black. There are numerous fine dots and streaks on the forehead and dorsum. Sides of the body dark smoky gray with olivaceous suffusion. The numerous flattened papillae are marked by many fine white dots. Sole of the foot smoke gray, deeply medially cleft. Motion direct. The animal suspends by a mucous thread when at rest. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) AGUILERIANUM (Arsngo) Shell very elongate-ovate, straw colored, with or without faimt interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, forming an apex that is in perfect continuation of the rest of the spire. Postnuclear whorls rather high between summit and suture, well rounded, marked by slender sub- lamellar axial ribs, which form hollow cusps at the summit. The intercostal spaces are marked by microscopic axial hairlines. Suture well impressed. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base rather long, well rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which extend into the moderately broadly open umbilicus, and by several spiral threads in the umbilicus, which render the axial tiblets scalloped at their junction. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner somewhat exserted, slightly reflected; the outer broadly expanded, a little narrower on the basal lip than on the rest, neither notched nor inbent on the inner lip, marked by slender con- centric lamellae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture bent backward into the suture. This species, as far as known, is restricted to Oriente Province. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate. KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) AGUILERIANUM Hollow cusps at the summit very strongly developed_--------- aguilerianum Hollow cusps at the summit weakly developed_-_-_--_----------- holguinense OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) AGUILERIANUM AGUILERIANUM (Arango) PLATE 14, FIGURE 9 1876. Cyclostoma aguilerianum Arancao, An. Acad. Ciene. Med., Fis. Nat. Habana, vol. 12, p. 280. 1878. Tudora ? aguileriana ARANGO, Contribucion a la fauna malacologica Cubana, p. 21. 1932. Opisthosiphon aguilerianum Aauayo, Nautilus, vol. 45, pp. 92-93. The typical subspecies was originally described by Arango with no more specific locality than that it was collected in Cuba by Wright. This race was lost for a long time. It was rediscovered by Torre at Gibara. We are figuring Arango’s type, U.S.N.M. No. 535461, and a complete specimen of Torre’s collecting. 190 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 This subspecies may be distinguished from O. (B.) aguilerianum holguinense in having the ribs more distantly spaced and the cusps at the summit much stronger. There appears also to be a lesser tendency to banding. The complete specimen, U.S.N.M. No. 535462, has 21 axial ribs on the first turn and 44 on the last. It has 7.3 whorls and measures: Length, 12.3 mm.; greater diameter, 6.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.9 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) AGUILERIANUM HOLGUINENSE Aguayo PLATE 14, Figure 11 1932. Opisthosiphon aguilerianum holguinense Aauayo, Nautilus, vol. 45, p. 93, pliG) figs This subspecies comes from Cerro San Juan, Sao Arriba, Holguin, Oriente Province. It differs from the typical race in having the axial ribs more numerous, more closely spaced, and less strongly cusped at the summit. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 535463, has 35 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 57 on the last. It has 4.4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.8 mm.; greater diameter, 6.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.3 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) DETECTUM Torre and Henderson Shell small, ovate, rather thin, varying in color from pale yellow to pale brown, unicolor, or interruptedly spirally banded. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by retractively slanting axial riblets, which in the subspecies murinum are rather conspicuously nodulose on the posterior portion of the whorls, much less so in the other races where the nodules are scarcely indicated. The intercostal spaces are marked by microscopic axial hairlines. Most of the axial ribs develop into slender hollow cusps at the summit. These vary in strength in the various races. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, moderately openly umbilicated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and within the umbilicus marked by spiral threads, which are also of varying strength and number in the different races. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner moderately ex- serted and very slightly reflected; the outer rather broadly expanded, slightly inbent in the middle of the inner lip in two of the races, adnate to the preceding turn at the parietal wall, and marked by concentric laminae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture behind the peristome directed back- ward into the suture. We are recognizing three subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to characterize: CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 191 KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) DETECTUM Inner lip of outer peristome slightly inbent in the middle. ROTM UIO GIO see een eee Oe oe oh oe Pk murinum Shell interruptedly spirally banded with brown_--------------- lucasense Inner lip of outer peristome not inbent in the middle________-__----- detectum OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) DETECTUM MURINUM, new subspecies Puate 14, Ficure 8 This subspecies was collected by Dr. Bermudez on Cayo Ratones, east of Caibarien, Santa Clara Province. It is white or pale yellow and it has the inner lip of the outer peristome slightly flexed and the axial ribs rather conspicuously denticulated. There are no signs of spiral threads in the intercostal spaces. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535464, has 39 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 77 on the last. The type has 3.2 whorls remain- ing and measures: Length, 9.0 mm.; greater diameter, 5.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.5 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) DETECTUM LUCASENSE, new subspecies Puate 14, Figure 7 This race was collected by Dr. Bermudez on Cayo Lucas, east of Caibarien. It lacks the denticulations of the ribs of O. (B.) detectum murinum and the ribs are much more closely spaced than in O. (B.) detectum detectum. It likewise has scarcely any indications of flexing of the inner lip of the outer peristome. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535465, has 22 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 60 upon the last whorl; it has 4.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 104 mm.; greater diameter, 6.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.0 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) DETECTUM DETECTUM Torre and Henderson Puate 14, Ficure 10 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) detectus (Torre and Henderson) HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 68, nomen nudum. 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphon) detectum Torre and HeENDERSON, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, pp. 261-262, pl. 42, fig. 1. The typical subspecies was collected by Torre at Casimbas de las Llanadas, Sierra de Canoa, Mayajigua, Santa Clara Province. It differs from the other two subspecies in having the axial ribs much more closely spaced, with the denticles at the summit finer. The indication of nodules on the axial ribs occurs only on the early whorls near the summit. There is a slight flexing on the middle of the outer lip. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314960, has 39 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 84 on the last whorl; it has 3.8 whorls remain- 192 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ing and measures: Length, 10.3 mm.; greater diameter, 6.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.0 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) BERMUDEZI, new species Puate 14, Figure 6 Shell small, ovate, thin, pale brown, with yellowish peristome. Nuclear whorls 2, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose. Post- nuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by almost vertical sublamellose axial ribs, which are rather distantly spaced, of which 22 occur on the first and 47 on the last of the remaining turns in the type. These ribs form slender denticles at the summit. Inter- costal spaces broad, marked by microscopic axial threads. Suture very strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by the continua- tion of the axial ribs and by several strong spiral cords at the outer edge of the umbilicus and feebler ones within. These cords render the axial ribs scalloped. Umbilicus rather large. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner exserted and slightly reflected; the outer rather broadly expanded, forming a slight auricle at the posterior angle of the aperture, marked by concentric lamellae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture behind the peristome directed into the suture. This species appears rather widely distributed among the hills about Vega Alta, Santa Clara Province. We have seen it from Vereda del Abra, Lomas Murciélagos, Sinaloa, and Sola. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535466, comes from Loma Murciélagos; it has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.6 mm.; greater diameter, 5.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.7 mm. Animals of this species, collected by Bartsch at Loma Murciélagos, near Vega Alta, on August 16, 1928, were described by him as being buff above with a decidedly rosy tinge behind the tentacles. Snout a little paler at the tip. Tentacles bright buff, tipped with bluish black. Sides of the body and the deeply cleft sole of the foot pale olivaceous. The motion is steady. OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) ANDREWSI Welch PuATE 14, Figure 1 1929. Opisthosiphon andrewsi Wrucu, Nautilus, vol. 42, p. 98, pl. 5, fig. 6. 1934. Opisthosiphon andrewsi Wrucu, Nautilus, vol. 47, p. 130, pl. 11, fig. 5. Shell small, ovate, thin, pale brown with pale yellow peristome. Nuclear whorls decollated in our specimens. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by very distantly spaced lamellose axial ribs, which bear feeble indications of scallops, 17 of which occur on the first and 23 on the last of the remaining turns. These ribs are ex- panded at the summit into narrow, low cusps. The intercostal spaces CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 193 are very broad and they are marked by numerous microscopic axial threads. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base short, openly umbilicated, inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and within the umbili- cus and its outer edge by low spiral threads, which render the axial ribs nodulose. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and reflected, but not adnate to the outer; the outer broadly, flaringly expanded, marked by numerous concentric lamellae, broadest on the inner lip, where it is partly reflected over the umbilicus, and at the posterior angle of the aperture. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture reflected backward into the suture. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 425684, is one of 3 paratypes received from Dr. Welch, collected by him on the south slope of Loma de Florencia, Camagiiey. It has 4.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.1 mm. The extremely distant spacing of the ribs combined with the notch in the inner lip will easily distinguish this from the other Bermudez- siphonas. Subgenus OPISTHOSIPHONA Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Opisthosiphona HENDERSON and Barrscu, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, D: OF: Opisthosiphons without spiral sculpture on spire and base, the spiral threads being present in the umbilicus only, and with the axial ribs terminating individually without fusing at the summit. There are no microscopic axial lines between the axial ribs. Type: Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) moreletianum (Petit). KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS OPISTHOSIPHONA POET ONIECTISRCLOR EG see a Fe ee Ss ye ty Sree een ee es pupoides Umbilicus open. Mastawhorlidecidedly solutes ss22 2:2) 22 sera ees Se eS. moreletianum hast whorl slightly solutes Ob babys re Be Sheer ey hee a pte ee plicatum astawhork notsolute: 25 4s mee Bs De ee turiguanoense OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) PUPOIDES (Morelet) Shell elongate-conic, varying from flesh colored to pale brown, marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown, the elements composing these bands being arranged in both axial and spiral series. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose. Post- nuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by retractively slanting axial riblets, which extend very prominently to the summit, where they become expanded into hollow cusps, usually weaker ones alternating with stronger ones. Suture strongly constricted, crenu- lated by the denticles at the summit. Periphery inflated, well rounded. 194 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Base strongly rounded, with closed umbilicus, marked by the con- tinuation of the axial ribs and by several spiral threads within the umbilicus. Last whorl adnate to the preceding turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and re- flected; the outer broadly expanded and reflected, somewhat sinuous, marked by concentric lamellae, notched on the middle of the inner lip, the part posterior to the notch reflected over the umbilicus, which it closes. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid, rather large—too large to be withdrawn within the aperture. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture directed backward into the suture, from which it communicates by a channel behind the parietal outer lip with the umbilicus, the hollow axis, and the decollated tip. We are recognizing three subspecies, all from the Isle of Pines, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) PUPOIDES Suture, decidedly, channeleds. 22h Sa ce cae eee ee eee es pupoides Suture not decidedly channeled. Axial ribs of last whorl very closely spaced___._._.-_-------- velazquezi Axial ribs of last whorl not very closely spaced_--_------- bibijaguaense OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) PUPOIDES PUPOIDES, new subspecies Puatr 15, Figure 4 1849. Cyclostoma pupoides Morevet, Testacea novissima insulae Cubana et Americae Centralis, p. 23. 1852. Tudora pupoides Prnirrer, Catalogue of Phaneropneumona.. . in the British Museum, p. 180. 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) pupoides HENDERSON and BartscH, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67. Bartsch collected this subspecies in large numbers at many stations in the Sierra de Casas. It closely resembles typical O. (O.) pupoides velazquezi but may be differentiated by the deeply channeled suture. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 535467, came from the south end of the west side of the Sierra de Casas. It has 44 axial ribs on the first remaining postnuclear whorl and 112 on the last; it has 7.0 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 17.8 mm.; greater diameter, 9.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) PUPOIDES VELAZQUEZI, new subspecies PLATE 15, Figure 6 We have seen this subspecies from many stations in the Sierra de Caballos. It is differentiated from O. (O.) pupoides casasense in having the suture not conspicuously channeled, with the outer peristome more strongly, obliquely reflected. The type figured, U.S.N.M. No. 392000, is one of a series collected by Bartsch. It has 27 axial ribs on the first whorl and 147 on the last; CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 195 it is a complete specimen having 7.0 whorls and measuring: Length, 17.2 mm.; greater diameter, 9.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) PUPOIDES BIBIJAGUAENSE, new subspecies Puate 15, Fiaure 3 Bartsch collected this subspecies in the Sierra de Bibijagua, Isle of Pines. It is decidedly smaller than the other two, and it has the channeling of the suture about halfway between the two. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535432, has 42 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 95 on the last; it has 4.4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.8 mm.; greater diameter, 8.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.8 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) MORELETIANUM (Petit) Shell elongate-conic, varying from flesh color through buff to pale brown, unicolor, or interruptedly spirally banded. The elements making up the spiral bands are usually arranged in both axial and spiral series. Nuclear whorls 2, well rounded, microscopically granu- lose, with the last portion of the last turn showing faint indications of the postnuclear axial sculpture. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by retractively curved, slender axial riblets, which are about one-third as wide as the spaces that separate them. The axial riblets become expanded at the summit to form slender denticles. Suture moderately constricted, rendered crenulated by the denticles at the summit. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base strongly rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets, which extend into the umbilicus. Within the umbilicus and just outside of it a number of spiral threads are present. The last whorl is decidedly solute. The parietal peristome may almost touch the preceding whorl, but there is always at least a small slit between them. Aperture oval; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted and very slightly expanded; the outer is broadly expanded and marked by slender, raised, concentric lamellae; the outer peristome also forms a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle where it is slightly reflected. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture immediately behind the reflected peristome. This species comes from the Isle of Pines. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) MORELETIANUM Axialeribs of last ‘whorliclosely, spacedss 22. -2522 == 2.3 s2==-+ columbense Axial ribs of last whorl not closely spaced_..---------------- moreletianum 223580—40——5 196 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) MORELETIANUM COLUMBENSE, new subspecies Puate 15, Figure 5 This subspecies was collected by Bartsch at the Mogote Columbia, a limestone block southeast of the Sierra de Caballos. It differs from the typical O. (O.) moreletianum moreletianum in being much smaller and in having the axial ribs much more closely approximated. In the type, U.S.N.M. No. 535468, the first postnuclear whorl has 30 axial ribs, while the last has 102. This is a complete specimen having 6 whorls and measuring: Length, 12.5 mm.; greater diameter, 7.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.8 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) MORELETIANUM MORELETIANUM (Petit) Puate 15, FicgurE 2 1849. Cyclostoma disjunctum Morevet, Testacea novissima insulae Cubana et Americae Centralis, p. 23. Not Cyclostoma disjunctum Matheron, Ann. Sci. Midi France, vol. 8, p. 59, 1832. 1850. Cyclostoma moreletiana Prtit, Journ. Conchyl., vol. 1, p. 46, February 15. 1850. Cyclostoma moreleti PrrirreR, Zeitschr. Malakozool., vol. 7, pp. 88-89, August. 1852. Tudora moreletiana PFEIFFER, Catalogue of Phaneropneumona .. . in the British Museum, p. 180. 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) moreletiana HrNDERSON and BartscuH, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67. The typical race comes from the Sierra de Casas where we found it on both the northern and southern half. It is differentiated from O. (O.) moreletianum columbense in being larger and in having the axial ribs more distantly spaced. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 391711, has 35 axial ribs on the first postnuclear whorl and 71 on the last turn. It is a complete specimen of 6.8 whorls and measures: Length, 14.0 mm.; greater diameter, 8.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.7 mm. The shell grows considerably larger than this, but we selected it because it was nearly complete. A specimen having 5 whorls remain- ing measures: Length, 17.3 mm.; greater diameter, 10.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) PLICATUM, new species PxuatE 15, Ficure 1 Shell clongate-ovate, thin, pale brown with interrupted spiral bands of darker brown. Nuclear whorls almost 2, strongly inflated and well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a truncated apex. The last of the nuclear turns shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by retractively curved axial ribs, which are sublamellar on the early turns, but which are reduced to rounded threads on the last whorl. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 197 The type has 46 of these ribs on the first postnuclear whorl and 104 on the last turn. These ribs almost alternately, though irregularly, form hollow cusps at the summit. Sometimes a second nodule appears on the ribs below the cusp at the summit. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base short, well rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 5 spiral threads, within the umbilicus; these threads grow consecutively stronger toward the outer edge of the umbilicus. Umbilicus open. Last whorl solute for a fraction of a turn, although the outer peristome at the parietal wall usually touches or is adnate to the preceding turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded, more so on the inner lip than on the outer, marked by concentric laminae. The outer peristome is deeply infolded on the middle of the inner lip, hence the name. It forms a slight auricle at the posterior angle of the aperture. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture directed into the suture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493371, comes from the Sierra de Caballos, Isle of Pines. It has 4.4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.6 mm.; greater diameter, 8.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.3 mm. The plication of the inner lip of the outer peristome will readily distinguish this species from O. (O.) moreletianum. OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) PLICATUM subspecies? On the Isle of Pines, off Punta Colombo, on a small island known as Morrillo del Diablo, Bartsch collected a lot of dead shells, U.S.N.M. No. 391972, which are too poor to serve for description. These appear to be a distinct subspecies of plicatum. The place was so heavily infested with spinose cacti that collecting was next to impossible. OPISTHOSIPHON (OPISTHOSIPHONA) TURIGUANOENSE, new species Puate 15, Figure 7 Shell elongate-ovate, pale chestnut-brown, the peristome white with a brownish flush. Nuclear whorls 2, somewhat inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a blunt apex. The first postnuclear whorls with rather distantly spaced, sublamellar axial ribs, which on the succeeding turns become reduced and more approxi- mated, and which become rather feebly expressed on the last turn. These ribs become expanded at the summit into broad, white, hollow cusps. Of these ribs, 27 are present on the first whorl and 120 are on the last. Suture moderately constricted, rendered conspicuous by the white cusps of the axial ribs. Periphery slightly inflated, well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, and marked by the 198 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 continuation of the axial ribs and marked within the umbilicus by several whitish threads, which render the axial ribs feebly nodulose. The umbilicus is moderately wide but is shielded largely by the reflected peristome. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner exserted and slightly reflected; the outer forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, narrow on the basal half of the outer lip and the basal lip, and broadly expanded on the inner lip, on the middle of which it is somewhat inbent. On the parietal wall it forms a broad flap, which is adnate to the preceding turn. The entire outer peristome is marked by slender, constricted laminae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle reflected backward into the suture. A large series of specimens were collected on Signal Hill and the other hilltop on Turiguané Island. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535469, has 4.4 whorls remaining, and measures: Length, 13.8 mm.; greater diameter, 7.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.0 mm. CUBITASIPHONA, new subgenus The members of this subgenus have axial ribs which at more or less regular intervals are gathered into tufts or cusps at the summit. No fine axial threads are present in the intercostal spaces. The spiral sculpture is confined to the umbilicus. In some species there is a tendency toward nodulation or vertebration of the axial ribs, partic- ularly on the early whorls; this condition lends a false appearance of spiral threads, but in every such instance the intercostal spaces fail to show even a trace of spiral sculpture. Type Opisthosiphon (Cubitasiphona) poeyi, new species. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS CUBITASIPHONA Umbilicus closed. PASAS SETIOS VOL Y, SALI @ Sys eee oes ee re ete cree a are ee ey AN en ea poeyi Axial ribs not very fine. Inner peristome very strongly protracted___________- protractum Inner peristome not very strongly protracted. puture/strongly constricted tek 2. eee eee claudens Suture not strongly constricted____.___________- guanajaense Umbilicus not closed. Last whorl adnate to preceding turn. Axial ribs stout and coarse. Nodulation on axial ribs conspicuous__________________- quinti Nodulation on axial ribs absent. Middle of inner lip of outer peristome slightly MO CCHS GE se Bete aie Tae. IT a ae ee ee manatiense Middle of inner lip of outer peristome not slightly MOCCIGC ee yes Sek SR Gan ae = RS ep eee bioscai CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 199 Axial ribs not stout and coarse. Inner lip of outer peristome flexed or notched. Shell elongate-ovate. Inner lip of outer peristome flexed in the middleda 2 sites Gata * 2 eS ae cunaguae Inner lip of outer peristome notched in the IMiGdlesY Ae 2 ea Rat aee Rett ok judasense Shell not elongate-ovate. Shell ovate-conic, Tufts at the summit regular and strong__- sanchezi Tufts at the summit irregular and feeble___._ sosai Shell not ovate-conic. Shell ovate. Umbilicus: very wide.-2.-.2----.-.— litorale Umbilicus only moderately wide____--- berryi Inner lip of outer peristome not flexed or notched_------- tersum Last whorl not adnate to the preceding turn, but solute. Outer peristome of inner lip flaringly expanded_-_-_--------- apertum ~ Outer peristome of inner lip not flaringly expanded. Outer peristome of inner lip reflected backward_ ---- --- deviatum Outer peristome of inner lip not reflected backward. paredonense OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) POEYI, new species Puate 15, FiagurEe 8 Shell moderately large, ovate, varying in color from pale straw color to chestnut-brown, unicolor or interruptedly spirally banded. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granu- lose, forming a rather blunt apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by numerous, closely spaced, slender axial riblets which are as wide as or a little narrower than the spaces that separate them. In the type 62 of these ribs are present on the first of the remaining turns and 255 are on the last whorl. Groups of these riblets, which are somewhat irregularly spaced, are gathered into hollow tufts at the summit; the riblets between the tufts terminate normally. Suture well constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner somewhat exserted and reflected, particularly so on the basal lip; on the parietal and outer lip it projects materially. The outer peristome forms an auricle at the posterior angle; it is narrow on the outer and basal lip and it becomes expanded on the inner lip and very widely expanded on the parietal wall. It is notched on the middle of the inner lip, and the broad flap posterior to the notch covers the umbilicus and part of the base. On the parietal wall the outer peristome ex- pands materially over the preceding whorl, to which it is adnate. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. 200 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535470, was collected by Bartsch on paredones 2.5 km. from the north entrance of Paso de la Tinaja, Cubitas Mountains, Camagiiey Province. It has 4.3 whorls remain- ing and measures: Length, 13.9 mm.; greater diameter, 8.1 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. A large series of specimens were collected at various stations through this pass. This species is named for Federico Poey, grandson of the great Felipe Poey. Federico Poey is a chemist at the Central Jaronti. In 1928 he assisted Bartsch materially in making his explorations of the Cubitas Mountains. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) PROTRACTUM Torre and Henderson Puate 15, Figure 9 1920. Opisthostphon (Opisthosiphona) protractus (Torre and Henderson) HENDER- son and Barrscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 68, nomen nudum. 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphon) protractum Torre and HENpERSON, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, pp. 259-260, pl. 41, figs. 5, 11. Shell elongate-conic, varying from flesh color to pale brown, marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown, the interior of the aperture varying with the external color; the peristome is flesh colored or tinged with pale brown. Nuclear whorls 2, small, well rounded, microscopically granulose, with the last portion of the last turn showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by slender, retractively slanting axial riblets, which are distantly spaced on the early turns and which become more closely approximated as the shell increases in size; on the last turn they are separated by mere impressed lines. In the type 42 of these riblets occur upon the first of the remaining turns, 82 upon the second, 150 upon the third, and 164 upon the last. At irregular intervals several of these riblets are gathered into hollow tufts at the summit, those between them terminating normally; these tufts are best developed on the last turn and they become feebler toward the early whorls. Suture well constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base rather long, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by several spiral threads within the umbilicus. The umbilicus itself is covered by a reflection of the outer peristome. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner very strongly exserted and slightly expanded on the outer lip; the outer rather broadly expanded on the parietal wall, less so on the inner lip, and only narrowly so on the outer lip, forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, which is rendered irregular by the siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314958, was collected by Dr. Thomas Barbour at Moron, San Juan de los Perros, Camagiiey Province. It CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 201 has a little over 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 15.7 mm.; greater diameter, 9.1 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.9 mm. Specimens collected by Bartsch at Punta Allegre west of the gypsum mines, on August 25, 1928, enabled him to describe the animal as being pale olivaceous, with the top of the head and the area behind the tentacles a little lighter with a pinkish flush. The entire dorsal part is marked with numerous fine dots. Sides of the body pale olivaceous, with numerous whitish papillae. Tentacles gray, with the base the same shade as the body, the extreme tip a little paler. Sole of the foot deeply cleft, of the same shade as the sides. The animal when at rest suspends itself by a mucous thread. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) CLAUDENS, new species PLATE 16, Figure 9 Shell elongate-ovate, white, with interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. The early postnu- clear whorls are marked by distantly spaced lamellose axial riblets, which show faint indications of feeble nodulations. On the last two turns these nodulations disappear. The axial riblets become more closely spaced and rounded on the early turns, where they are gathered into hollow tufts at the summit at more or less regular intervals. In the type 27 of these ribs are present on the first of the remaining turns and 176 are on the last. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and in the exposed por- tion of the umbilicus by 4 slender, spiral threads, which render the axial riblets nodulose. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner rather strongly exserted; the outer narrow on the outer and basal lip, wider on the inner lip and parietal wall, forming a moderately strong auricle at the posterior angle of the aperture, marked by con- centric laminae. The outer peristome is notched on the middle of the inner lip, and the portion posterior to the notch is reflected over the umbilicus, which it plugs. All our specimens are dead; we have not seen an operculum but all the other characters are typical of Cubitasiphona. The siphon is at the posterior angle of the aperture and is reflected backward into the suture. It appears to connect with the hollow axis behind the parietal peristome, and through it with the decollated apex. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355510, was collected by A. Rojas in the Sierra de Judas, Mayajigua, Santa Clara Province. It has 5.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.1 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.1 mm. 202 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) GUANAJAENSE, new species PuaTE 16, Figure 2 Shell elongate-ovate, thin, pale brown, marked with interrupted spiral bands of chestnut-brown; aperture flesh colored rayed with brown. The plug at the truncated apex is chestnut-brown. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded and marked by retractively slanting axial riblets, which are a little more distantly spaced on the first turn than on the succeeding whorls. Here, too, they are rather conspicuously nodulose; the nodules would lead one to believe that this part of the shell possessed spiral sculpture. There are, however, no indications of spiral threads in the intercostal spaces. On the second turn the nodulation becomes much enfeebled and there is only one set of scallops anterior to the summit. This condition is also true of the last turn. These ribs are gathered into rather coarse, conspicuous, hollow tufts at the summit; 44 axial ribs are present on the first of the remaining turns, and 120 are on the last whorl in the type. Suture not strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 6 spiral threads on the exposed portion of the umbilicus, where they render the axial ribs conspicuously scalloped. Aperture broadly oval; peristome dou- ble, the inner moderately exserted; the outer flaringly expanded, forming a moderately strong auricle at the posterior angle, narrower at the junction of the basal and outer lip, and deeply notched on the middle of the inner lip, the portion posterior to the notch being reflected over the umbilicus, which it plugs. Operculum typically opisthosi- phonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture directed into the suture, connecting through a channel with the umbilicus, the hollow axis, and the truncated apex of the shell. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535471, was collected by Bartsch in Paso de la Guanaja, Cubitas Mountains, Camagiiey Province. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.9 mm.; greater diameter, 7.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.3 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) QUINTI, new species PuatE 16, Frgure 10 Shell elongate-ovate, of flesh-colored or yellowish ground color, marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown. Peristome flesh colored showing the brown bands as rays on the outer peristome. Nuclear whorls 2, small, well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a truncated conic spire, the outline of which corresponds with the rest of theshell. Postnuclear whorls moderately strongly rounded, marked by numerous, almost vertical or slightly retractively slanting, sub- CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 203 lamellar axial ribs, which are separated by spaces a little wider than the ribs. Some of these ribs become fused to form hollow cusps at the summit. Of these ribs 118 are present on the last whorl. These ribs have indications of fine scallops, which would lead one to believe that spiral threads were present. Under the microscope the fact is revealed that the intercostal spaces are free of spiral threads. Of these scallops 15 are present between summit and periphery on the last turn and 5 are on the base. In the latter place they become increas- ingly stronger from the periphery toward the umbilicus. Within the umbilicus stronger spiral threads are present, which render the axial ribs decidedly scalloped. Suture strongly impressed. Periphery well rounded. Base rather short, well rounded, narrowly, openly umbilicated. Aperture very broadly oval, almost subcircular; peri- stome double, the inner rather strongly exserted and straight; the outer broadly expanded and obliquely reflected, notched in the middle of the inner lip and reflected over the peristome posterior to the notch as a broad flap, which extends over and is adnate to the preceding turn at the parietal wall. The outer peristome forms a fairly conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, and it is marked by concentric lamellae. The siphon is at the posterior angle, behind the peristome, and is reflected into the suture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535472, has 4.3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.1 mm.; greater diameter, 8.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. This species was collected by Bartsch on Signal Hill, Turiguané Island, on the north coast of Camagitiey. It is named for A. A. Quint, who was very helpful to him during his stay on Turiguan6. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) MANATIENSE, new species Puate 16, Fiaure 4 Shell elongate-ovate; early whorls pale brown, the rest almost white in the type, which is a dead specimen. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by slightly retractively curved axial ribs, which are sublamellar and rather distantly spaced on the first turn, and which gradually change as the whorls progress to low, rounded, closely approximated elements. These ribs are gathered into hollow tufts at the summit, at irregular intervals. There are 52 on the first of the remaining turns and 93 are on the last whorl. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by several spiral threads. Spiral threads apparently are also present within the umbilicus. These spiral threads render the axial riblets scalloped at their junctions. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner well exserted; the outer expanded, being a 204 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 little narrower at the junction of the outer and basal lip, forming a moderately strong auricle at the posterior angle. On the middle of the inner lip the outer peristome is somewhat inbent. The entire surface of the outer peristome is marked by concentric laminae. Operculum ? Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture directed backward into the suture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535473, was collected by Torre at Mono Ciego, on the west side of the entrance of the port of Manati, Oriente. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.0 mm.; greater diameter, 5.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.7 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) BIOSCAI Torre and Henderson PuaTE 16, Fiaure 8 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) bioscai (Torre and Henderson) HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67, nomen nudum. 1921 Opisthostphon (Opisthosiphona) bioscat bioscai TorRE and HENDERSON, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 256, pl. 40, figs. 4, 6. Shell elongate-ovate, flesh colored with a brownish tinge, sometimes pale brown, marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown, the elements composing these bands being arranged in both axial and spiral series; the interior of the aperture is flesh colored; the peristome is flesh colored with a yellowish tinge. Nuclear whorls 1.5, very small, well rounded, microscopically granulose, with the last portion of the last turn showing the beginning of the axial ribs. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by retractively curved axial ribs, which are rather feebly developed on the early turns, becoming broad, low, and rounded on the succeeding whorls. In the type 72 of these ribs occur upon the first of the remaining turns, 102 upon the second, and 124 upon the last. Some of these ribs at irregular intervals are fused and expanded at the summit into hollow cusps, while others terminate a little short of the summit. Suture moderately constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the axial ribs and 2 strong, spiral cords on the outside of the umbilicus, and by 2 more strong, spiral cords anterior to these, which are much less conspicuous, while the umbilical wall on the inside is marked by a number of feeble, spiral lines of nodules. The junction of the axial ribs and the spiral threads in the umbilicus causes the axial ribs to become expanded into clawlike elements. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and slightly expanded; the outer very broadly expanded on the parietal wall and very broadly reflected over the umbilicus, which it completely hides when viewed squarely; it is reflected over the preceding turn on the parietal wall and is adnate to it. The outer peristome is much narrower on the outer lip, but it is conspicuously expanded at the CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 205 posterior angle, where it is rendered irregular by the siphon, which bends backward at the suture behind the peristome. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314952, was collected by Torre and Henderson at HK] Cercado, Sierra de Cubitas, Camagiiey Province. It has a little over 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.3 mm.; greater diameter, 9.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.1 mm. Bartsch also collected specimens of this species at La Caridad de Cangilones and Finca Gertrudis, places near the type locality. The animals of this species, collected by Bartsch at El Cercado de Mendoza, near Senado, September 2, 1928, were described by him as being flesh colored with a faint olivaceous flush. The dorsal parts are marked with fine dots and with short streaks, and there is a pinkish area behind the tentacles. Sides with many white flattened papillae, which are made up of many fine white dots. Tentacles smoke gray with olivaceous tip. Sole of the foot the same color as the sides, minus the white dots. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) CUNAGUAE Welch PuatEe 16, Figure 3 1929. Opisthosiphon cunaguae Wxeucu, Nautilus, vol. 42, p. 98, pl. 5, figs. 4, 5. 1934. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphon) cunaguae WeEtcuH, Nautilus, vol. 47, p. 132, Diet fig. 7 Shell elongate-ovate, varying in color from flesh color through pale yellow to dark chestnut-brown, unicolor or with interrupted spiral bands. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a blunt apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, the early ones more so than the later, marked by retractively curved axial riblets, of which those on the early turns are lamellar and thickened at intervals to form elongated nodules. These nodules gradually become reduced and disappear on the last turn, where the ribs are well rounded and narrower than the spaces that separate them. The axial ribs are gathered into hollow tufts at the summit at rather close intervals. The specimen figured has 36 of these ribs present on the first whorl and 122 on the last turn. Suture well con- stricted. Periphery well rounded. Base rather short, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by strong spiral cords, which cover the umbilical wall and which render the axial ribs de- cidedly scalloped at their junctions. Aperture broadly oval; peri- stome double, the inner strongly exserted and slightly reflected at the outer edge; the outer expanded, less so on the basal half of the outer lip, forming a rather conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle; very broadly expanded on the upper portion of the inner lip, on the middle 206 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 of which there is an infolding, posterior to which the broad flap is reflected over the umbilicus. The outer peristome is marked by concentric lamellae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture directed backward into the suture. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 535474, a topotype, was collected by Drs. Pilsbry and Welch at Loma Cunagua, Camagiiey Province. It has 3.6 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.0 mm.; greater diameter, 8.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.1 mm. Bartsch collected a large series on the same limestone block but on the other side. These specimens also show the color variation described for the species. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) JUDASENSE Torre and Henderson Puate 16, Ficure 1 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) judacensis (Torre and Henderson) HENDER- son and Bartscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 68, nomen nudum. 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphon) judasense TorRE and HENDERSON, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, pp. 260-261, pl. 41, figs. 9, 10. Shell elongate-conic, ranging from pale brown to darker brown, marked by interrupted spiral bands of dark brown. These bands are almost continuous, and the elements composing them are arranged in both axial and spiral series; interior of the aperture varying with the color of the outside, but always paler than the outside; peristome yellowish white, the outer rayed by the brown bands. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by retractively slanting, somewhat smuous axial riblets, which are distantly spaced on the early turns and which become more closely approximated as the shell increases in size. In the type 42 of these riblets are present upon the first of the remain- ing turns, 88 upon the second, 148 upon the third, and 186 upon the last. At more or less regular intervals a number of these riblets extend prominently above the rest and become fused to form a hollow cusp. Suture well constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and within the umbilicus by a series of slender, spiral threads. Aperture very broadly oval, almost subcircular; peristome double, the mner slightly exserted and slightly reflected; the outer broadly, flaringly expanded, a little wider on the inner lip than on the outer, deeply notched on the middle of the inner lip, the portion posterior to the notch being reflected over the umbilicus which it completely overshadows; on the parietal wall the peristome is adnate to the preceding turn; it also forms a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle of the aperture, which is rendered somewhat CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 207 irregular by the siphon immediately behind it. The outer peristome is marked by a series of wavy, concentric lines. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314959, was collected by Dr. Thomas Barbour near Mayajigua, in the Sierra de Judas, Santa Clara Province. It has a little over 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.5 mm.; greater diameter, 9.1 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.1 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) SANCHEZI, new species Puate 16, Figure 5 Shell ovate-conic, yellowish white, with a somewhat. watered-silk effect. Nuclear whorls 1.5, small, somewhat inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls strongly inflated, marked by slightly retractively curved, sublamellar axial ribs, which are more distantly spaced on the early turns than on the later, becoming closely approximated on the last whorl. Of these ribs, 30 are present on the first of the remaining turns and 222 are on the last. Some of these ribs at quite regular intervals are gathered into bold, hollow tufts at the summit. Suture moderately constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by feeble spiral threads, which become intensified within the umbilicus. Aper- ture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded, forming a very conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle and deeply infolded on the middle of the inner lip. Posterior to the fold a broad expanded flap almost covers the umbilicus. The outer peristome is marked by numerous concentric lamellae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid, Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture behind the peristome directed into the suture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535475, and a large series of specimens were collected by Bartsch on Loma de Santa Cruz near Central Senado, Camagiiey Province. The type has almost 4 whorls remain- ing and measures: Length, 12.4 mm.; greater diameter, 8.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.2 mm. This species is very variable in size. An adult specimen of 3.3 whorls measures: Length, 9.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.3 mm. Animals of this species were collected by Bartsch on Santa Cruz Mountain, near Senado, September 6, 1928. His description follows: Dorsal part deeply olivaceous with a pinkish area behind the tentacles. The whole dorsal surface is marked by fine white dots and by short streaks, most concentrated a little before and behind the tentacles. Sides dark olivaceous, marked by rather large white spots, which are composed of numerous fine dots. Sole of foot pale olivaceous. Tentacles with a pale orange wash. 208 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) SOSAI, new species PLATE 16, FiauRreE 6 Shell ovate-conic, white or pale yellow. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by retractively slanting axial riblets which are distantly spaced and sublamellar on the early turns and which are rounded and rather closely approximated on the last whorl. Of these riblets, 31 occur on the first of the remaining turns and 162 are on the last. At irregular intervals these riblets are gathered into hollow cusps at the summit. Suture strongly con- stricted. Periphery decidedly inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs. Within the umbilicus and on its outer edge a series of slender spiral cords are present that render the riblets feebly scalloped at their junction. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner exserted and slightly reflected; the outer narrow on the outer and basal lip, expanded into a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, and broadly expanded on the inner lip, on the middle of which it shows a conspicuous fold. Posterior to this fold it is reflected partly over the umbilicus. The entire outer peristome is marked by numerous, concentric lamellae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture directed backward into the suture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535476, comes from Loma Caracuna, Finca Marchena, Siboney, Camagiiey Province. It has 3.8 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.2 mm.; greater diameter, 8.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.3 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) LITORALE, new species PuaTE 16, Fiacure 7 Shell broadly ovate, pale brown with a peripheral chestnut-brown band. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked on the first of the remaining turns by very slender, distantly spaced axial riblets, which become finer and more closely approximated as the whorls increase in number. They are exceedingly fine on the last turn. At distant intervals these riblets are gathered into inconspicuous cusps at the summit. In the type 53 of the axial ribs are present on the first turn and 192 on the last. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, very strongly rounded. Base short, very broadly, openly umbili- cated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by a series of closely approximated, low, broad, rounded cords in the umbilicus and on the outer umbilical wall. Aperture broadly oval; peristome CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 209 double, the inner exserted and slightly reflected; the outer narrow on the outer and basal lip, expanded into a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle and on the inner lip posterior to the middle, spreading out as a broad flap, which touches the preceding whorl on the parietal wall and which partly hides the umbilicus. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture behind the peristome directed into the suture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535477, was collected by Doctors Palmer and Bermudez at Cayo Cruz, north of Camagiiey, Camagiiey Province. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.2 mm.; greater diameter, 7.38 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.4 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) BERRYI Clapp Shell elongate-ovate, varying in ground color from flesh color to orange, pale brown and dark brown, usually with a broad subperiph- eral band which, however, may be wanting. The peristome is flesh colored or pale yellow; the interior varies in intensity of coloration with the exterior. Nuclear whorls 2, small, well rounded, microscopi- cally granulose, with the last portion of the last turn showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by almost vertical or slightly retractively slanting, very closely spaced axial riblets, which vary in strength in the different subspecies. On the early whorls these riblets are distantly spaced, but they become more closely approximated as the shell increases in size, and on the last whorl they are usually about as wide as, or almost as wide as, the spaces that separate them. Some of these riblets become expanded and fused at the summit to form slender cusps, which extend into the suture. These cusps vary considerably in strength in the different subspecies. Base inflated, strongly rounded. Umbilicus varying from almost closed by the reflected outer peristome to entirely open, depending upon the sub- species, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by spiral threads. The latter are confined to the umbilical region. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted and slightly reflected; the outer strongly expanded, always more so on the inner lip than on the outer, that of the inner lip notched either narrowly or broadly, the part posterior to the notch being reflected over the umbilicus. A conspicuous auricle is always present at the posterior angle of the aperture. The outer peristome shows concen- tric laminations. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture, directed backward into the suture. This species is restricted to the Cubitas Mountain region of Camagiiey Province, where it breaks up into a number of geographic races, which we shall designate as subspecies, and which the following key and descriptions will help in recognition: 210 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) BERRYI Posterior half of inner lip of the outer peristome flaringly expanded to almost cover the,umbilieuss29- 3 ee eee ee viguetense Posterior half of inner lip of the outer peristome not flaringly ex- panded but strongly inbent to partly cover the umbilicus. Axial rips MO Cra Le liyas tr Om Gee eae see ere ee aly ee eo berryi ARIA TDS! Very: fess) SSUAR sede: _ SUE OR Ae 2 ae transitorium OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) BERRYI VIGUETENSE, new subspecies PuaTEe 17, Figure 8 This subspecies is easily differentiated from the others by its larger size and pale color. Bartsch collected a large series of specimens at La Vigueta, on the north side of the Cubitas Mountains, between Paso de la Guanaja and Los Paredones. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535478, has 41 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 132 on the last; it has 4.1 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.3 mm.; greater diameter, 9.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.2 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) BERRYI BERRYI Clapp Puate 17, Ficgurzs 9, 10 1919. Opisthosiphon berryi Cuapp, Nautilus, vol. 32, p. 86, pl. 7, fig. 14. 1920. Opisthosiphon berryi HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67. 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) berryi semiapertus (Torre and Henderson) HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67. 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) berryi TorrE and HENDERSON, Proc. U. 5. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 248, pl. 38, figs. 1—4. 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) berryi semiapertum ToRRE and HENDERSON, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, pp. 249-250, in part, pl. 38, figs. 5-8. This subspecies has a wide distribution. It was described from col- lections made by Dr. 8. S. Berry at Cairije, Cerro de Tuabaquey, at the eastern end of the Cubitas Mountains. Bartsch collected it at Los Corrales de Cangilones. It appears to range through the rock piles of the southeastern part of the Cubitas Mountain region, includ- ing the passes of Vereda de los Burros and de la Guanaja. Study of a large amount of material now in our collection compels us to fuse Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) berryi semiapertum with the typical subspecies. In this race the posterior half of the inner lip of the outer peristome, while expanded, does not almost cover the umbilicus, but it is inbent to partly cover it. In this respect it differs from O. (C.) berryt vigue- tense. Opisthosiphon (Cubitasiphona) berryi transitorium has the axial ribs much finer. In the specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355475, which is one of the original lot, the first whorl shows 70 axial riblets, while the last whorl CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 211 has 181. This specimen has a little over 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.7 mm.; greater diameter, 8.8 mm.;_ lesser diameter, 6.7mm. Figure 9 of plate 17 is from a photograph of the type of O. (O.) b. semiapertum Torre and Henderson. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) BERRYI TRANSITORIUM Torre and Henderson PLATE 17, FIGURE 6 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) paredonense transitorium TorRE and HENDERSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 251, pl. 39, figs. 1, 2. This subspecies was described from the south entrance of Paso de la Guanaja, Cubitas Mountains. Bartsch made an enormous collection of this race in various stations in this pass. It is easily differentiated from typical 0. (C.) berryi berryi by its smaller size and by its much finer ribbing. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314947, has 76 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 188 on the last. It has a little more than 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.8 mm.; greater diameter, 8.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.4 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) TERSUM Torre and Henderson PLATE 17, FiguREs 2, 4 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) bioscait tersum Torre and HENDERSON, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 256. Shell elongate-ovate, flesh colored with a yellowish tinge, marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown, which are almost continuous; the interior of the aperture flesh colored, rayed by the spiral bands; peristome white. Nuclear whorls 2, small, well rounded, microscopi- cally granulose, except for the last portion of the last turn, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear axial sculpture. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by slender, retractively slanting axial riblets which are distantly spaced on the first of the remaining turns and which gradually become more closely approximated; on the last whorl they are separated by spaces a little narrower than the riblets. In the type 74 of these riblets occur upon the first turn, 112 upon the second, and 184 upon the last; they extend prominently up on the summit where, at more or less regular intervals, several of them become fused to form hollow cusps that crenulate the summit. These cusps are much more conspicuous on the last whorl than on the earlier turns. Suture moderately constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base moderately long, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets, and by slender spiral threads within the umbilicus, with a few obsolete ones immediately adjacent to it. These spiral threads cause the riblets to become only slightly expanded at their junction. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the outer 223580—40-—6 212 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 broadly expanded on the parietal wall, where it is reflected over and appressed to the preceding turn, and on the inner lip this outer peri- stome is reflected over the umbilicus, almost completely hiding it when viewed squarely; on the basal and outer lip it becomes narrower but it is again expanded into a broad auricle at the posterior angle, where it is rendered irregular by the siphon immediately behind it; inner peristome slightly exserted and slightly expanded. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314953, was collected at La Providencia, El Cercado, Sierra de Cubitas, Camagtiey Province. It has a little over 3 whorls and measures: Length, 11.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.8 mm. Bartsch also collected this species in Paso de Lesea and at Sitio Afuera, at the south end of Paso de la Escalera, Cubitas Mountains, Camagiiey Province. Figure 2 shows an extreme variant of the species with an enormously developed outer peristome of the inner lip. This is U.S.N.M. No. 355501 and it comes from Paso de los Paredones, and measures: Length, 10.5 mm.; greater diameter, 7.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.2 mm OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) APERTUM Torre and Henderson Puate 17, Fiagure 1 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) apertus (Torre and Henderson) HENDER- son and Barrscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67, nomen nudum. 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) apertum Torre and Hrnprerson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 258, pl. 40, figs. 1, 3. Shell ovate, thin, flesh colored, horn colored, pale orange, or pale brown, sometimes unicolor, but usually with a broad brown band at the periphery; peristome white; the interior of the aperture varying with the external color. Nuclear whorls 2, small, well rounded, microscopically granulose, with the last portion of the last turn show- ing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by very poorly developed, slightly retractively slanting axial riblets, which are more distantly spaced on the early turns than the later. In the type 42 of these riblets occur upon the first turn, 64 upon the second, 140 upon the third, and 160 upon the last whorl. Some of these riblets extend slightly above the rest at the summit and fuse to form very weak, almost obsolete cusps. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets, and within the umbilicus by 10 spiral threads. Last whorl solute for almost half a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and moderately reflected; the outer, conspicuously expanded on the inner lip and very slightly so on the outer, forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle of the CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH Ze aperture. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon at the posterior angle of the aperture directed backward into the suture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314951, was collected by Torre and Henderson at Paso de Lesca, Sierra de Cubitas, Camagiiey Province. It has a little over 3 whorls and measures: Length, 12.2 mm.; greater diameter, 8.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.4 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) DEVIATUM, new species PLATE 17, FIGURE 7 Shell elongate-ovate, orange-brown with a broad band of brown at the periphery; peristome yellowish white. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls inflated, well rounded, marked by slightly retrac- tively slanting axial riblets, which are a little more distantly spaced on the early turns than on the later; on the last whorl they are about as wide as the spaces that separate them. Of these riblets, 86 occur upon the first of the remaining turns, 146 upon the second, and 170 upon the last. Some of these riblets fuse at the summit to form minute white cusps. These riblets are of rather irregular development and spacing, and they are best shown on the last turn. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base short, openly umbilicated, inflated, well rounded, marked by the continua- tion of the axial ribs, and within the umbilicus by 14 spiral threads. Last whorl solute for about one-fourth of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome doubie, the inner moderately exserted; the outer only slightly expanded on the outer lip and but little more so on the inner, forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle. Operculum ? Siphon at the posterior angle directed into the suture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355487, was collected by Torre at Cantera de Montejo, Arroyo Hondo, 3 leagues east of Camagiiey. It has 3.5 whorls and measures: Length, 11.2 mm.; greater diameter, 8.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.4 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) PAREDONENSE Torre and Henderson Shell elongate-ovate, varying in color from flesh color through orange to pale or dark brown or even purplish brown, unicolor, or with a broad peripheral spiral zone of brown. Nuclear whorls 2, small, well rounded, microscopically granulose, showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture on the last portion of the last turn. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slightly retractively slanting axial riblets, which vary in strength and spacing in the different subspecies. Some of these riblets fuse at the summit to form cusps which are variable in strength but which are usually constant in the different subspecies. Suture strongly constricted. Base 214 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by numerous spiral lirations on the umbilical wall. The last whorl is solute for a fraction of a turn and has a strong carina behind the posterior angle of the aperture, where the reflexed breathing siphon forms a conspicuous element. Aperture oval; peristome double, the inner peristome slightly exserted; the outer usually a little wider on the parietal wall and the inner lip than on the outer lip, forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, which is appressed to the breathing siphon. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. This species occupies the Cubitas Mountain range of Camagiey Province, where it breaks up into the two following subspecies: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHCSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) PAREDONENSE Wihtorlsistrongly inflated. 2 + Pay. 2s ees ee Ae ae eee escalerense Whorls nor strongly, inflated... -)- 22-2 ee ees ee eee paredonense OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) PAREDONENSE ESCALERENSE, new subspecies PuatE 17, Figure 3 This race was collected by Bartsch in large numbers on Paso de la Escalera. It is larger than the typical race and has the whorls much more inflated and the axial ribs on the early turns much less numerous; it is only upon the last whorl that these ribs become de- cidedly concentrated. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535479, has 33 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 175 are on the last. It has almost 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.5 mm.; greater diameter, 8.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.5 mm. OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) PAREDONENSE PAREDONENSE Terre and Henderson PLATE 17, FicuRrE 5 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) paredonensis (Torre and Henderson) HEN- DERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67, nomen nudum. 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) paredonense paredonense ToRRE and HEN- DERSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, p. 251, pl. 38, figs. 9-11. This race, which is remarkably abundant in the Paso de los Pare- dones, Cubitas Mountains, is distinguished from O. (C.) p. escalerense by its smaller size and by its much less inflated whorls, with the ribs more closely spaced on the second whorl. The cusps at the summit are also much more pronounced. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314946, has 62 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 156 on the last; it has a little over 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.5 mm.; greater diameter, 8.4 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.3 mm. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH ZEO CYLINDROSIPHONA, new subgenus Shell subcylindric, with sublamellar axial ribs, which are weakly nodulose. Intercostal spaces marked by fine axial hairlines. Spiral sculpture absent on spire, base, and umbilicus. Last whorl solute. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon free, behind the peri- stome at the posterior angle of the aperture. Type: Opisthosiphon (Cylindrosiphona) bacillum, new species. OPISTHOSIPHON (CYLINDROSIPHONA) BACILLUM, new species Shell small, subcylindric, varying in color from white through straw color to brown, unicolor or banded; peristome faintly yellow. Nuclear whorls a little more than 2, inflated, strongly rounded, of almost uni- form diameter, forming a truncated pupoid apex. Postnuclear whorls rather high between summit and suture, moderately rounded, and marked by strong lamellar axial ribs, which become expanded at the summit into rather prominent cusps. Slender, narrow, scalloplike ‘nodules are present on the ribs, which are usually best developed on the early turns. The intercostal spaces are marked by microscopic axial hairlines. Suture rather strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, somewhat inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which extend into the umbilicus; umbilicus free of spiral sculpture. Last whorl decidedly solute for about one-third of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peri- stome double, the inner slightly exserted and reflected; the outer moderately expanded, a little narrower on the parietal wall than on the rest of the aperture, marked by slender, concentric laminae. Operculum typically opisthosiphonid. Siphon free at the posterior angle of the aperture. The species ranges through parts of Camagtiey and Oriente Prov- inces. KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (CYLINDROSIPHONA) BACILLUM Ablinibsrstrougly scalloped istic a. J_ ere is a eee soe garciai Axialimbsnotustrongly, scallopeds iis Ua. oh teh be se ese bacillum OPISTHOSIPHON (CYLINDROSIPHONA) BACILLUM GARCIAI, new subspecies PLATE 19, FicureE 5 This subspecies was collected by Garcia Castaneda, near Holguin, Oriente Province. It differs from typical O. (C.) bacillum bacillum in having the sculpture much more pronounced, the nodulation much stronger, and the color paler. The type has 35 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 48 on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535430, has 4.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 7.6 mm.; greater diameter, 3.3 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 2.8 mm. 216 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 OPISTHOSIPHON (CYLINDROSIPHONA) BACILLUM BACILLUM, new subspecies Puate 19, Figure 4 We have seen this.race from El Cacaotal, Sierra de Najaza; Guai- canamar; Vereda del Telégrafo; 9 miles east of Cantera de Montejo; Finca de Riverén, Marti; Sierra de Sibanict and El Zanjén, Sibanict; all these localities in Camagiey Province. This subspecies differs from O. (C.) bacillum garciai, from Oriente Province in having the sculpture less strongly developed, the nodules of the ribs feebler, and the color bands more pronounced. The type has 29 axial ribs on the first of the remaining turns and 32 on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535423, comes from El Cacaotal. It has 4.0 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 7.8 mm.; greater diam- eter, 3.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.0 mm. DALLSIPHONA, new genus The shells of this monotypic genus have a turbinate shape. They are openly, widely umbilicated, with the surface marked by numerous, fine, closely spaced axial ribs, which are not thickened or gathered into tufts at the summit. The spiral sculpture is confined to the umbilicus. The operculum is typically opisthosiphonid. The siphon is incomplete, i. e., it is connected with the edge of the peristome by a slit. The genus is known only from the southeastern Cubitas Mountains. Type: Dallsiphona dalli (Torre and Henderson). DALLSIPHONA DALLI (Torre and Henderson) Puate 19, Figure 6 1920. Opisthosiphon dalli TorrE and HrenpErRson, A new Opisthosiphon from Cuba, privately printed, June 25. 1920. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) dalli Henprerson and Barrscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 68. 1921. Opisthosiphon (Opisthosiphona) dalli TorRE and HENDERSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, pp. 254-255, pl. 40, figs. 2, 8, 9. Shell turbinate, ranging in color from ivory white or pale brown to pale orange; aperture ivory white. Nuclear whorls 2.7, forming a narrow tip, well rounded, smooth except the last portion of the last turn, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Post- nuclear whorls strongly inflated, very strongly rounded, marked. by slender, closely spaced, retractively slanting axial threads, of which 102 occur upon the first of the remaining turns in the type, 192 upon the second, and 404 upon the last whorl. These threads are separated by mere impressed lines. Suture well constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 2%, and within the umbilicus by 13 very fine slender spiral threads. Aperture almost circular; peristome double, the outer broadly expanded on the inner lip, a little less expanded on the parietal wall, where it is adnate to the preceding turn, and least expanded on the outer lip, notched at the posterior angle to form the breathing siphon; inner peristome scarcely at all exserted but broadly reflected. Oper- culum paucispiral, opisthosiphonid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 314941, came from the mouth of Cueva del Circulo, near El Cercado, Sierra de Cubitas, Camagiiey Province. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.5 mm.; greater diameter, 11.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 8.8 mm. The species ranges from the type locality slightly westward into the pass known as Vereda de los Burro. XENOPOMOIDES, new genus Shell elongate-conic; axial sculpture consisting of decidedly elevated spinose lamellar ribs, between which less elevated threads are present. Spiral sculpture merely indicated by the regular position of the spines or scallops on the spire and base. Aperture subcircular with double peristome, the outer broadly expanded, notched on the middle of the inner lip, with the part posterior to the notch reflected over and clos- ing the umbilicus. Operculum opisthosiphonid, or like the young of Xenopoma. Breathing pore present at the posterior angle of the aperture, a little behind the peristome. Type: Xenopomoides delicatulum, new species. XENOPOMOIDES DELICATULUM, new species Puiate 19, Ficure 1 Shell elongate-conic, thin, milk white. Nuclear whorls 2, decidedly inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a large mammiullated apex, which projects over the preceding turn. Post- nuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by axial ribs, which are of two series, one decidedly lamellar and distantly, not regularly spaced; the other series more numerous, between the lamellar ribs consisting of elements a little higher than threads, yet not quite lamellar. The elevated ribs ave provided at regular intervals with scalloped, flattened, denticle-like projections, which are not hollow; of these, 5 occur between the summit and suture and 3 on the base between the edge of the closed umbilicus and the periphery. Suture strongly con- stricted. Base short, strongly rounded. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and slightly reflected; the outer very broadly expanded and notched on the edge of the inner lip, the portion posterior to the notch being reflected over the um- 218 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 bilicus, which it completely closes, and over the parietal wall. The outer peristome is marked by concentric lamellae. Operculum opisthosiphonid, that is, it bears numerous, closely spaced, decidedly elevated, retractively slanting lamellae, which do not quite cover the entire whorls but which leave the spaces free between adjacent whorls. The outer and inner edges of these riblets are fused into a slender lamella. The structure really more closely resembles early stages of Xenopoma than Opisthosiphon. There is a breathing puncture at the posterior angle of the aperture a little behind the peristome. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535537, was collected by Dr. Charles T. Ramsden at Florida Blanca, Oriente Province. It has 4.6 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.5 mm.; greater diameter, 5.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.3 mm. Genus RHYTIDOTHYRA Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Rhytidothyra HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 65. Shell elongate-ovate, marked by axial ribs and by spiral threads. A breathing pore at the posterior angle of the aperture, a short dis- tance within the peristome, communicates with a slender tube follow- ing the posterior angle of the aperture on the inside for three or more whorls, where it in turn communicates with a slender cleft in the wall of the hollow axis, through which breathing may take place through the narrow puncture at the decollated tip. The operculum consists of many strongly raised, retractively curved lamellar ribs, which extend completely across the turns. These lamellar ribs are high at their inner edge, from which they pass down in a gentle curve, rising again to their highest altitude at their outer border, where they become fused into a spiral lamella, which projects almost as far as the basal chondroid plate. The lateral margin of the operculum is strongly channeled. Type: Rhytidothyra bilabiata (Orbigny). RHYTIDOTHYRA BILABIATA (Orbigny) Shell broadly conic, varying from comparatively large to moderately small; ranging in color from ashy gray to reddish or even through pale brown to rather bright red; never banded. The peristome varies from white to pale orange; the inside of the aperture has the same range of color variation. Nuclear whorls about 2, well rounded, smooth, forming a small apex, which appears slightly truncated. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, slightly shouldered at the summit, marked by retractively slanting, slightly wavy, sublamellar, closely spaced axial ribs, which are much more strongly developed and CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 219 broadly expanded at the summit. These riblets are more closely approximated at irregular intervals, which condition gives a some- what varicial appearance to the shell. The spiral sculpture consists of spiral threads, which vary considerably in strength in the different races; In some races they are scarcely apparent, while in others they are quite conspicuous. The junctions of the axial riblets and spiral threads do not form conspicuous nodules, but the spiral threads render the axial riblets wavy. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl inflated, well rounded. Base short, inflated, well rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuations of the axial riblets, which here become very much intensified, and which are almost broken up into squamae by the spiral sculpture. This condition is particularly pronounced immediately behind the aperture, where each lamella terminates in a series of scallops. This character is also a variable one, finding different expressions in the different races. The last whorl is disjunct for a varying distance, depending upon the subspecies. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the outer moderately, broadly expanded, a little wider on the parietal wall and the inner lip than on the rest of the shell. In some of the races the parietal outer peristome is appressed to the preceding turns; in others it remains disjunct. Inner peristome stronger exserted and slightly reflected. A breathing pore opens on the inside of the parietal wall at some little distance behind the aperture, near the posterior angle of the aperture. This pore communicates with a tube, which is located in the posterior angle and which extends backward for more than 3 whorls. It then communicates by a slender cleft with the hollow axis, through which breathing is evidently effected when the operculum is closed. Operculum consists of many strongly raised, retractively curved lamellar ribs, which extend completely across the turns. These lamellar ribs are high at their inner edge, from which they pass down in a gentle curve, rising again to the highest altitude at their outer border, where they become fused into the spiral lamellae, which project almost as far as the basal chondroid plate at the edge of the operculum; the lateral margin of the operculum is strongly channeled. This species is widely distributed through the Province of Pinar del Rio, occurring almost on every exposed lump of limestone from Guane eastward to Rangel and Rio Santa Cruz. The peculiar development of the breathing apparatus defines a very distinct group, which we recognize as a single species. This species breaks up into a series of geographic races, upon which we shall bestow subspecific rank. 220 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF RHYTIDOTHYRA BILABIATA Entire shell, bright.rose colored. —£-- — 2-45 -245-222 5-22 ee rosea Entire shell not bright rose colored. Early whorls only, bright rose colored. Gaterswhorls with a TOSy {Usb s ss se a eee ee rosacea Later whorls without a rosy flush. Peristomier waited 22 ees Seen cays ed ee eee ee bilabiata Peristomesbuthec oh fie eee ls ee eee aurantiaca Early whorls white. Shelljsmall..) 2 eee e soils i Bae ee a nana Shellimotismall trees ate een. aa ee ee eee eee straminea RHYTIDOTHYRA BILABIATA ROSEA, new subspecies PLATE 18, Figure 2 This subspecies ranges from La Mina westward to the Sierra ae Ancon, where we have seen it from the Hoyo de Magdalena, in the Costanera de San Vicente, then southward through the south side of this range to the Sierra del Infierno. It is characterized by a bright rose color. It also has the axial ribs less expanded at the edge and a little more distantly spaced than the other races, and the spiral sculpture is emphasized, the combination of the two forming a screenlike pattern. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535505, has 5.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 18.6 mm.; greater diameter, 12.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 9.3 mm. RHYTIDOTHYRA BILABIATA ROSACEA, new subspecies PLATE 18, Figure 5 This subspecies centers about the region of Vifiales. We have it from the Sierra de Vifiales, the Chorrera, the mogotes from Laguna de Piedras, extending from the Mogote Puertecitas to Mogote de la Rinconada. We also refer here, with some doubt, specimens from Cayos de San Felipe. In this subspecies we have rosy early whorls, and the rest of the turns are washed with pale rose color. The peristome is white. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355142, comes from the Puerta del Ancon. It has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 18.2 mm.; greater diameter, 11.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 9.7 mm. The animal of this subspecies was described by Bartsch, from specimens collected by him on the Chorrera, June 22, 1928, as follows: Body ash gray, with numerous fine, smoky flesh-colored dots. Ten- tacles bright orange, with palered base. Foot short, deeply cleft in the median line, smoky gray. The locomotion of the two sides is alternate. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE TORRE AND BARTSCH 22h RHYTIDOTHYRA BILABIATA BILABIATA (Orbigny) PLATE 18, Figure 6 1842. Cyclostoma bilabiata OrBiGNy, in Sagra’s Histoire physique, politique et naturelle de l’fle de Cuba, vol. 1, pp. 258-259, pl. 22, figs. 3-5, 8, 8’. 1849. Cyclostoma salebrosum More.eEt, Testacea novissima insulae Cubana et Americae Centralis, p. 23. 1850. Cyclostoma dorbignyanum Prtir, Journ. Conchyl., vol. 1, p. 46. 1850. Choanopoma? bilabiatum Gray, Nomenclature of molluscous animals and shells in the collection of the British Museum, p. 52. 1852. Cistula? bilabiata Prnirrer, Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium, vol. 1, pp. 271-272, in part. 1856. Ctenopoma bilabiatum PrrirreR, Malakazool. Blatter, vol. 3, p. 59. 1863. Chondropoma bilabiatum RrEve, Conchologia iconica, No. 7. 1890. Ctenopoma bilabiatum Crosse, Journ. Conchyl., vol. 38, p. 276. 1920. Rhytidothyra bilabiata HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 65. The typical subspecies was described from Pan de Guajaibén. It is known also from Hato Caimito, just west of Pan de Guajaibén, and from Sierra Chica, to the south. It has been found also at Cacarajicara, to the northeast of Guajaibén, and it extends southeast of Guajaibén to Rangel and the Rio Santa Cruz. From a nomenclatorial standpoint this race has met with consider- able difficulty, as is shownin our synonymy. It is distinguished by being rather large, in having the apex bright rose-colored, with the rest of the shell white. The last whorl is solute. The axial ribs are rather closely spaced and are rendered vertebrated by the spiral threads. On the early whorls the spiral sculpture is considerably more pronounced than on the last. In strength and disposition of the axial ribs this subspecies resembles R. bilabiata aurantiaca, from which it is readily distinguished by its white peristome. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355155, was collected at Sagua on the west side of Pan de Guajaibén. It has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.9 mm.; greater diameter, 9.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 8.0 mm. RHYTIDOTHYRA BILABIATA AURANTIACA, new subspecies PLATE 18, FiacurE 4 This race has a rather extensive distribution. We have seen speci- mens from Sierra de Guane, Mendoza (Paso Real), Puerta de la Muralla, Sierra de los Acostas, El Francisco, Sierra de San Carlos or Luis Lazo, Sumidero, Isabel Maria, the mogotes east of Cabezas, and Pan de Azucar. It therefore appears to cover the entire western part of the Organos Mountains and the limestone blocks lying off that region. 222 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 The subspecies is charactered by having a bright rose-colored tip, with the rest of the shell faintly flushed with rose. The peristome and the interior of the aperture are buff. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355127, comes from Sierra de Quane. It has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 17.0 mm.; greater diameter, 11.4 mm.; lesser diameter, 8.9 mm. The animal of this subspecies was collected on the Sierra de los Acostas July 6, 1928, by Bartsch. He describes it as having the upper parts pale buff, marbled with small brownish streaks. The sides of the body are darker than the dorsum. Tentacles pale buff. Sole of the foot short, flesh colored with smoky suffusion, deeply, medially cleft, the motion being alternate on the two sides. RHYTIDOTHYRA BILABIATA NANA, new subspecies PuaTE 18, Fiaure 1 This subspecies occupies the various limestone blocks surrounding Kilometer 14 between Pinar del Rio and Vifiales. It is a small, completely white race; even the peristome is white. In the axial ribbing it resembles R. bilabiata straminea, from which the color will distinguish it. The spiral sculpture in nana is a little stronger, also. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355136, comes from the mogote on the north side of the road. It has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 15.0 mm.; greater diameter, 9.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.5 mm. RHYTIDOTHYRA BILABIATA STRAMINEA, new subspecies Puate 18, Figure 3 This subspecies ranges through the isolated blocks of limestone known as Hoyo del Guamé, Las Cuevitas, and Las Lagunitas. It isa medium-sized race, with the early whorls white and with the rest of the shell straw-colored. 'The axial ribs are sublamellar and expanded at the free margin. The spiral sculpture is comparatively reduced so that it is not as conspicuous as in the other races. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 169927, comes from Hoyo del Guamé. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 15.1 mm.; greater diameter, 10.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 8.2 mm. Genus XENOPOMA Crosse 1890. Xenopoma Crossn, Journ. Conchyl., vol. 38, p. 282. Shell elongate-conic, with the last part of the last whorl detached and deflected considerably below the preceding turn. The sculpture consists of widely spaced axial ribs, which bear strong, hollow, cusplike tubercles at their intersections with the obsolete spiral cords. In addition to this, fine, wavy axial threads occur between the cusped CUBAN ANNULARHDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 223 ribs. Peristome reflected, widely expanded, and somewhat fluted. Operculum marked by retractively curved ribs, which do not extend across the entire width of the whorls. The inner border of these ribs is fused to form a lamella, which is a little higher than the ribs. The outer border of the ribs become fused to form an enormously developed lamella in the last turn, which is reflected inward, domelike, over the operculum which it almost completely covers. This reflected lamella bears fine corrugations on its surface. The center of the operculum is decidedly concave. Type: Xenopoma hystrix ((Wright] Pfeiffer). KEY TO THE SPECIES OF XENOPOMA Seemena eee nes CoS eke ee ag ob een tS humboldtianum Spines large. Outer peristome broadly expanded on the parietal wall______.__ aguayoi Outer peristome not broadly expanded on the parietal wall. Umbilical wall with well developed spiral zones of spines. hendersoni Umbilical wall without well developed spiral zones of spines. Spines between summit and umbilicus, 4-____________- hystrix Spines between summit and umbilicus, 9________ spinosissimum XENOPOMA HUMBOLDTIANUM (Pfeiffer) Puate 19, Figure 8 1867. Choanopoma humboldtianum PrEirreR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 14, pp. 150-151. 1898. Choanopoma (Blaesospira) humboldtianum Kosrutr and MO6.LLENpDOoRFF, Nachr. Deutsch. Malak. Ges., vol. 30, p. 183. 1920. Xenopoma humboldtiana HENDERSON and BartscH, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 68. Shell broadly elongate-conic, flesh colored. Nuclear whorls decol- lated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slender, raised, spinulose axial lamellae, between which from 3 to 7 finer axial threads are present. Of the axial lamellae 20 are present in the specimen figured on the first of the remaining turns, 30 on the second, 44 on the third, and 42 on the fourth These lamellae bear rather fine, low, hollow spines, of which 3 are present on the first and second, and 5 are upon the remaining turns between the summit and the suture. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery in- flated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial sculpture and by 4 slender denticles on each lamella, the fourth marking the outer boundary of the umbilical wall being the strongest, while within the umbilicus there are 11 spiral threads which, at their junction with the axial lamellae, form slender nodules. The last whorl is solute for a little more than half a turn. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded on the outer and 224. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 basal lip, less so on the inner and parietal wall. Operculum pauci- spiral, with the nucleus almost subcentral, each whorl marked by raised calcareous lamellae as in young Xenopoma, but here the outer surface of the lamellae is not strongly developed and arched over as it is in the other Xenopomas. There are 4 specimens before us, U.S.N.M. No. 493394, received from Dr. C. Ramsden, collected on Mogote de Santa Ana, Oriente Province. The one described and figured has a little over 4 whorls and measures: Length, 10.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.2 mm. XENOPOMA AGUAYOI, new species PLATE 19, FIGURE 7 Shell very large, elongate-conic, pale yellow. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a slender, rather elongated apex. The last portion of the last nuclear turn shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked alternately by decidedly spinose axial lamellae and by finer axial threads between these, the latter vary- ing innumber from 4 to 10. The second and third turns have 19 of the strong lamellae, while 22 are present on the fourth, 23 on the fifth, 24 on the sixth, and 25 on the last postnuclear whorl. On the first turn the strong spiral sculpture is poorly differentiated. The spines on the lamellae form exceedingly large cusps, which are hollow. These cusps are not well differentiated on the first and second post- nuclear turns; on the third, 2 strong cusps and indications of lesser ones are present; on the fifth there is a strong median cusp with 2 less strong anterior and one posterior to it; on the sixth whorl there is a strong median cusp with 2 posterior and anterior to it. ‘These become intensified on the first whorl; on the last whorl there are 4 strong cusps and a slender, auriclelike element at the summit, and sometimes a more slender denticle between the one at the summit and the first strong cusp. Between the periphery and the umbilicus two more cusps are present. The umbilical wall also shows some indication of fine spines, although here they are almost obsolete. The last whorl is solute and deflected for about half a turn. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and reflected; the outer very broadly expanded and of almost the same width all around, marked by concentric laminae. Operculum typically xenopomid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535541, was collected by Dr. Aguayo at Loma de la Cantera, Miranda, Oriente Province. It is a complete specimen having 9.6 whorls and measuring: Length, 18.2 mm.; greater diameter, 10.1 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.0 mm. This species is easily distinguished from all the others by having the peristome broadly expanded on the parietal wall. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 225 XENOPOMA HENDERSONI, new species PuatTE 19, Figure 3 Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored with a pinkish tinge, the tip and the peristome white. Nuclear whorls 2, forming a conspicuous mam- millated apex, with the whorls inflated and microscopically granulose, and the last portion of the last turn showing the beginning of the post- nuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by strongly raised slender spinose axial lamellae, between which 4 to 8 finer axial threads are present. Of these lamellae, 24 occur on the first turn of the type, 22 on the second and third, 24 on the fourth, 26 on the fifth, and 32 on the last whorl. The lamellae on the first turn bear no spines, on the second there are 2, on the third and fourth 3, on the fifth 4, and on the sixth 6 between the summit and the suture. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base well rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of both the strong and the weak axial sculpture. The lamellae bear 3 slender spines. Within the umbilicus the wall is marked by the continuation of the axial threads and by much enfeebled lamellae. These are crossed by 9 spiral threads, which render their junctions with the axial lamellae minutely spinose. The last whorl is solute for a little more than half a turn. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded on the outer and basal lip, less so on the inner and parietal, fluted and slightly digitated at the external margin. Operculum typically xenopomid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493390, was collected by Mr. Henderson at Farallon de Nipe, Oriente Province. It has 8.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.1 mm. This species is easily distinguished from the other members by the presence of fine spines on the umbilical wall. XENOPOMA HYSTRIX ([Wright] Pfeiffer) PLATE 19, FiaguRE 2 1861. Cyclostoma pterostomum [Gundlach] Porky, Memorias sobre la historia natu- ral de la isla de Cuba, vol. 2, p. 405, nomen nudum. 1862. Choanopoma hystrix [Wright] Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 8, pp. 221-222. 1890. Xenopoma hystrix CrossE, Journ. Conchyl., vol. 38, pp. 283-284, pl. 5, fig. 2. 1920. Xenopoma hystriz HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 68. Shell very elongate-conic, flesh colored. Nuclear whorls a little more than 2, well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a conspicuous mammillated apex with the last portion of the last turn 926 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by axial lamellae, which bear hollow spines; between these axial lamellae are finer axial threads. On the first postnuclear whorl the axial sculpture consists of 40 slender riblets, while on the succeeding two turns 16 lamellae are present on each; on the fourth whorl there are 18, on the fifth 20, and on the last 24. Two spines are present on the spire of all the turns but the last. On the last an additional spine makes its appearance between the summit and the first strong spine. On the middle of the base there is another spine on the continuation of the lamellae. The last whorl is solute for about a whole turn, and broadly deflected. The inside of the umbilical wall is marked by fine axial threads, continuing the finer sculpture; the coarser lamellae are here much reduced. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded, slightly digitate, and fluted on the outer lip. Operculum typically xenopomid. U.S.N.M. No. 10990 contains 4 specimens from the type locality, Cayo del Rey, Oriente Province, collected by C. Wright. One of these is a perfect specimen, which we have described and figured. It has 8.2 whorls and measures: Length, 14.3 mm.; greater diameter, 5.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.2 mm. This species differs from X. hendersoni and X. spinosissimum by having only three spines on the lamellae of the last whorl. XENOPOMA SPINOSISSIMUM, new species PuatE 19, Fiacure 9 Shell broadly elongate-conic, pinkish flesh colored with the peri- stome white. Nuclear whorls 2, forming a conspicuous apex, the inflated microscopically granulose whorls of which form a decidedly mammillated apex. The last portion of the last nuclear turn shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by slender, raised, spinose axial lamellae, between which 6, 8, or even more slender axial threads are present. On the first whorl there are 34 slender axial riblets, on the second 26, on the third 20, on the fourth 22, on the fifth 24, and on the sixth 26. These lamellae bear two spines on the first, second, and third turns; on the fourth there are 4, on the fifth 5, and on the last 7 between the summit and the suture. These spines are very long, slender, and hollow. Suture strongly constricted. Base short, strongly rounded, marked on the ribs by 2 strong spines and a third that is less strong. Within the umbilicus there are 5 slender spiral threads. There is little differentiation within the umbilicus between the strong lamellae and the finer sculpture. The last whorl is solute and deflected for a little more than half a turn. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, CUBAN ANNUUARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 227 broadly expanded, the inner slightly exserted; the outer slightly fluted on the outer edge. Operculum typically xenopomid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493388, was collected by Mr. Henderson at Farallon de Canapté, Cayo del Rey, Oriente Province. It has 7.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.5 mm.; greater diameter, 6.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.5 mm. This species is readily distinguished from X. hystrix by its large number of spiral threads and by its larger number of spines, and from X. hendersoni by lacking the fine spines on the umbilical wall. Genus PARACHONDRIA Dall 1905. Parachondria Dau, Proc. Malac. Soe. London, vol. 6, p. 209. Shell ranging in shape from elongate-ovate to elongate-conic, marked by axial ribs only, or by axial ribs and spiral threads, which are confined to the umbilicus, or by axial and spiral threads on spire and base, or slender axial lamellae and subobsolete spiral threads, which give to the axial sculpture an articulate appearance. No breathing device is present. The operculum has the inner portion of its turns covered by a calcareous deposit, which consists of numerous low, retractively curved, fused riblets, which are not fused into a raised lamella at their outer edge, nor does the calcareous deposit extend to the edge of the chondroid basal plate. There is thus left a narrow channel, in the bottom of which the chondroid plate may be seen at the outer edge of each whorl. Type: Parachondria fascia Wood. The genus is represented by the subgenera Parachondria and Para- chondrops. In the Cuban species the Parachondria characters of the operculum are very poorly developed; they are not nearly as strong as those in the Jamaican species. KEY TO THE CUBAN SUBGENERA OF PARACHONDRIA Balad spiral sculpture strong... --2-+.22-.-~-~-2..--s< Parachondria Axial and spiral sculpture not strong. Axial ribs narrow, rendered articulate by the spiral sculp- ELIT: Ramee eee op fg. ee HU Se IL: eR Es 53 ee Parachondrops Subgenus PARACHONDRIA Dall 1905. Parachondria Datu, Proc. Malac. Soe. London, vol. 6, p. 209. Shell elongate-conic, marked by strong axial and spiral threads on spire and base. Operculum typical parachondroid. Type: Parachondria (Parachondria) fascia (Wood). KEY TO THE.SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS PARACHONDRIA GAS CRW O TICS CITE LG ee ete ae ee ee er aa 1 RN es ak Se EPRI os Sues texta Wastiwihorlasolute tet ual. Moe EER ie te eae abnata 223580—40——_7 IIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDRIA) TEXTA ({Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Shell large, elongate-conic, pale horn-color with very faint inter- rupted spiral bands of brown. The dots or spots composing these bands are arranged in both axial and spiral series. Nuclear whorls almost 2, inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose. Post- nuclear whorls well rounded, marked by slender, well-rounded axial ribs, which are strongly elevated and gathered into tufts at the sum- mit. In addition to the axial sculpture the whorls are marked by slender, spiral threads, which render the axial ribs nodulose, the nodules being oval with their long axis coinciding with the axial sculpture. Suture moderately well constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base moderately long, narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by spiral threads between the periphery and the outer angle of the umbili- cus. These threads render the axial riblets nodulose, and they are a little stronger than those on the spire. The outside of the umbilical wall is also marked by slender spiral threads. The last whorl may be slightly solute or the outer peristome may be adnate to the preceding turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the outer broadly flaringly expanded; the inner slightly expanded and appressed to the outer. Operculum paucispiral with a chondroid basal plate with a heavy calcareous deposit, which forms radiatingly curved, low ridges that do not quite reach to the periphery of the turns. This operculum stands midway between typical Chondropoma and Parachondria. The species is known only from Oriente Province. We recognize the following subspecies: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDRIA) TEXTA Shell pale and inconspicuously spotted____________..-._-.-._.__.___- texta Shell not pale and rather conspicuously spotted. Axial ribs of uniform’ strengths 22002302 heen ee a a portillensis AXIAL TINS Ob Of Uniform’ strength i=. 2.4 a a oe booneae PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDRIA) TEXTA TEXTA ({Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Prats 20, Ficurs 7 1858. Cyclostoma tectum (Gundlach] Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 5, p. 192. 1861. Chrondropoma textum Buanp, Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, Des2ive 1920. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) tectum HENDERSON and BartscuH, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 61. This typical subspecies was collected by Gundlach at El Morro, at the entrance to the port of Santiago, Oriente. It is larger than the other races, paler, with the brown spots almost obsolete, but their indica- tion shows that here, also, they are in axial and spiral series. They are rather distantly spaced. The axial riblets are quite slender, and CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 229 their spacing is a little more approximated than that of the spiral threads, which are of about equal strength. Gundlach says that he found specimens of this race on trees close to the ground and among sprouts and that the animal is pale brown with an olivaceous tint. The tentacles are white at their base and tip and they are ochraceous-orange in the middle. A cotype, U.S.N.M. No. 493347, has 4.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 17.3 mm.; greater diameter, 8.7 mm.; lesser dia- meter, 7.0 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDRIA) TEXTA PORTILLENSIS, new subspecies Piate 20, FicguRrE 9 This race, which Bartsch collected at Puerto del Portillo, east of Ensenada de Mora, is dark, like P. (P.) texta booneae, but the brown markings are a little less pronounced, and the whorls are much more inflated and gibbose and average considerably larger. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 391398, has 5.0 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 16.5 mm.; greater diameter, 8.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.4 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDRIA) TEXTA BOONEAE (Welch) PLATE 20, Fiagure 8 1934. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) textum booneae WetcH, Nautilus, vol. 47, pp. 107-108, pl. 11, fig. 4. This race, which was collected by Pilsbry in a ravine east of La Vigia, Ensenada de Mora, is smaller than the typical race and is much darker in color. The interrupted spiral bands are almost continuous, and the axial arrangement, while still indicated, is less pronounced. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535329, has 4.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 15.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.5 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDRIA) ABNATA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PLATE 20, FIGURE 6 1858. Cyclostoma abnatum [Gundlach] Preirrer, Malakazool. Blatter, vol. 5’ Dp. LOL. 1861. Chondropoma abnatum Buanp, Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, Dp.24. 1920. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) abnatum HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 61. Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored, with interrupted pale brown spiral bands. The dots composing these bands are arranged in both axial and spiral series. Nuclear whorls almost 2, forming a very blunt, inflated apex, all but the last portion microscopically granulose, the 230 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 last part showing the beginning of fine axial threads. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by retractively slanting, slender, sublamellar axial riblets, which are of irregular strength and spacing. These riblets are gathered together into tufts at the summit. The spaces separating these riblets vary from as wide as the riblets to four times their width. In addition to the axial riblets, the whorls are marked by spiral threads, which, while slender, are nevertheless rather strongly elevated. These spiral threads render the axial riblets conspicuously tuberculated. The spaces enclosed between the axial riblets and the spiral threads are more or less square or rectan- gular pits, depending upon the approximations of the riblets. Suture very strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, narrowly, openly umbilicated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuations of the axial riblets and by spiral threads, which are a little stronger than those on the spire. These threads also render the axial riblets conspicuously nodulose. There are 5 of the spiral threads on the base between the periphery and the edge of the umbilicus. On the inner umbilical wall 5 addi- tional threads are present; these decrease in size from without, inward. The last whorl is solute for about one-twentieth of a turn. Aperture large, oval; peristome double, the outer decidedly expanded and reflected, slightly channeled at the anterior angle, and somewhat auriculate at the posterior angle, of almost equal width around the outer lip, slightly broader at the junction of the basal and inner lip; on the parietal wall the peristome is of about half the width of that of the outer lip and is separated from the preceding turn by a gap as wide as or wider than the width of the peristome; inner peristome moderately elevated, slightly expanded and reflected. Operculum paucispiral, with the nucleus halfway between subcentral and mar- ginal; the outside covered with a fine granular deposit and the curved parachondroid ridges. Gundlach cites Aguadores, near Santiago, as the type locality, where he collected it ‘“‘among rubbish and below rocks.”’ He speaks of the animal as follows: “Animal pale, brownish white with a rose colored tinge. The antennae of the same color but the thickened apex and the snout pale brownish. The head is marked with dark spots. In other examples the color is soiled white, while the head has a Turk blue sheen. The tentacles are also of this color, but the apex and the snout are brownish; the head is spotted with small dots.” We have also seen specimens from Ciudadmar (El Morro), and Siboney. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 104497, is probably from the type locality. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.6 mm.; greater diameter, 5.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.5 mm. CUBAN ANNUUARHDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 231 Subgenus PARACHONDROPS Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Parachondrops HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, pp. 66-67. Shell elongate-conic. Nuclear whorls about 2, the first smooth, except for microscopic granules; the second also very strongly rounded and marked by fine, hairlike, retractively curved axial riblets, which are relatively more closely spaced than the axial ribs on the post- nuclear whorls. We have here an acceleration of the postnuclear sculpture extending over half of the nuclear turns. The axial sculp- ture of the postnuclear whorls consists of slender sublamellar riblets, which are rendered wavy or articulate by the ill-defined spiral sculp- ture. Operculum typically parachondroid. Type: Parachrondria (Parachrondrops) campbelli (C. B. Adams). KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS PARACHONDROPS Decollated shell more than 13 mm. long. Outer peristome narrow, of the same width all around__-__------ wrighti Outer peristome not narrow or of the same width all around. Sculpture strong. Wihorlsamtisted aro tind esse as eee ee ee erecta Whorls' not inflated, well rounded____~_--______..- == -- lurida Seltipture feeple: 2a! PAk vest siti es tT 18 a a sb abtiana Decollated shell not more than 11 mm. long. ast whorl decidedly solutes: 3. soc8t 34 ooh. 2 ek sees ensk daudinoti Last whorl adnate or almost so. Basal spiral threads rather strong.....-..--~-- --.-.--=-.= chordata Basal/spiral threads obsoletes_.2. 2. .-.2 22-22 5-5 2--22lL nigricula PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) WRIGHTI (Pfeiffer) PLaTE 20, Figure 5 1862. Tudora wrightt PrrirreR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 9, p. 4, pl. 1, figs. 4, 5. Shell elongate-conic, thin, semitranslucent. Nuclear whorls decol- lated. Postnuclear whorls only moderately rounded, marked by low, retractively curved, slightly wavy axial riblets, which become almost obsolete on the last turn. Some of these riblets become expanded and form hollow tufts at the summit. The spiral sculp- ture is just sufficiently indicated to render the axial riblets artic- ulate, but scarcely noticeable on the last whorl. Suture moder- ately constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base rather short, inflated, strongly rounded, openly umbilicated, and marked by the feeble continuation of the axial ribs and, near the umbilicus, by a few weak spiral threads. Aperture oval; peristome double, the outer very slightly expanded, slightly auriculate at the posterior angle, very narrow, scarcely projecting beyond the inner, which is also reflected on the outer lip and only a little so on the 932 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 columellar and parietal wall. There is a slight space between the outer peristome and the preceding turn. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 367773, was collected by Wright at Hermitafio, between Demajagua and Guanta- namo. It has 4.0 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.8 mm.; greater diameter, 7.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.2mm. The thin shell and the obsolete sculpture will easily distinguish this species from all the other Parachrondrops. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) ERECTA ([{Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Shell elongate-conic, varying in color from flesh color to pale wax yellow. The peristome may be white or yellowish. In addition to this the shell is marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown, which vary from strong to merely indicated. Nuclear whorls 1.5, forming a blunt apex, the first half white, well rounded, smooth, except for microscopic granules. The next turn is inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by fine, hairlike, retractively slanting axial riblets, which are about half as wide as the spaces that separate them and are much closer spaced than the axial riblets of the postnuclear turns. Post- nuclear whorls well rounded, marked by slender axial riblets, which vary considerably in strength, spacing, and regularity in the various subspecies. Some of these riblets are expanded at the summit, or several of them may be fused at the summit to form large, hollow cusps. The spiral threads are even more slender than the axial riblets which are rendered slightly wavy, that is, articulate, by the spiral threads. Suture well constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, with a moderately wide-open umbilicus, marked by the same type of sculpture as that characteriz- ing the spire. Within the umbilicus the spiral sculpture becomes much intensified, forming rather strong cords, while the axial riblets become somewhat reduced. The last whorl is nearly always very slightly solute behind the aperture. Aperture broadly ovate; peri- stome double, the outer moderately expanded, somewhat auriculate at the posterior angle, and a little wider on the columellar margin than on the outer lip. The peristome may touch the preceding whorl or it may leave a slight curve between it and the preceding turn. ‘The outer peristome is marked by feeble lines of growth; the inner peristome is slightly expanded and almost appressed to the outer. Operculum thin, corneous, paucispiral, with excentric nucleus and a heavy deposit of calcareous material, which is more or less arranged in concentric ridges, feebly indicating the parachondroid sculpture. The species is restricted to Oriente Province and breaks up into a series of races, four of which we recognize here as distinct sub- species. The following key will help to differentiate these: CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH Zao KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) ERECTA Spiral sculpture on last whorl strong. Interrupted color bands strong. AxTalbribletsrcloselysspaced=-- 4224225 oink Sa ee eee mayensis Axialyriblets distantly spaced_--.--=- == 2. 2 ramonensis imberruptvedecolor bands feeble! =- 2 5.-. 5 +. sto eee ee erecta Spiral sculpture on last whorl feeble___.__-...------------ Ee turquinensis PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) ERECTA MAYENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 20, Fiaure 1 This race, which was collected by Dr. Ramsden at Isabelita planta- tion, La Maya, Oriente, has the axial riblets almost as closely approxi- mated as those in typical P. (P.) erecta erecta, but they are a little less elevated. It agrees with P. (P.) erecta ramonensis in having the strong interrupted spiral bands of brown. The peristome is separated from the preceding turn at the parietal wall. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 367778, has 4.2 whorls remaining, and measures: Length, 14.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.1 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) ERECTA RAMONENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 20, Figure 4 This subspecies was collected by Gundlach at El Ramon, east of Santiago. It differs from the typical race in being smaller, in having the whorls a little more rounded, and in having the axial ribs more distantly spaced and more irregular in development; that is, heavy and fine riblets are present. The tufts at the summit are also heavier and are less inclined to consist of fused riblets. The interrupted spiral bands of brown are quite strong, and the peristome at the parietal wall touches the preceding turn. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 367780, has 4.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.7 mm.; greater diameter, 7.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.3 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) ERECTA ERECTA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PLATE 20, FIGURE 2 1858. Cyclostoma erectum [Gundlach] PrerrrerR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 5, p. 189. 1865. Chondropoma erectum PrrirreR, Monographia pneumonopomorum viven- tium, vol. 3, p. 156. 1920. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) erectum HENDERSON and BARTSCH, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 61. The typical subspecies comes from the region of Santiago. It is larger than the others and it has the spiral sculpture on the last whorl 234 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 strongly developed, the axial ribs slender and sublamellar, and the brown spiral bands merely indicated. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 367779, which was collected by Gundlach at El Morro de Santiago, has 4.8 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 16.0 mm.; greater diameter, 8.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) ERECTA TURQUINENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 20, FicurE 3 This race was collected by Jeanneret on Pico Turquino. It differs from the other races in having the axial riblets much less strongly elevated and less strongly developed and much more closely approxi- mated, with the spiral sculpture much enfeebled, almost obsolete on the last turn. The whorls are also a little more inflated and very conspicuously denticulated at the summit. The interrupted spiral color bands are moderately strong. The last whorl is slightly solute. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 367781, has 5.1 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.8 mm.; greater diameter, 7.1 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.0 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) LURIDA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PLATE 21, Fiaure 13 1858. Cyclostoma lurida Pony, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 2, pp. 4, 12, nomen nudum. 1858. Cyclostoma luridum [Gundlach] Preirrer, Malakazool. Blatter, vol. 5, pp. 45-46. 1865. Tudora lurida PreirrerR, Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium, Suppl. 2, p. 137. 1920. Parachondria (Parachondrops) lurida HENDERSON and BartscuH, Proce. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67. Shell elongate-conic, pale yellow, the interior pale yellow, the peri- stome flesh colored. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our material. Postnuclear whorls moderately well rounded, narrowly shouldered at the summit, marked by feeble, slightly retractively slanting axial riblets, which become expanded to form hollow tufts at the summit. These tufts are not all of the same size and are rather irregularly developed. In the specimen described and figured, 80 axial riblets occur upon the first of the remaining turns, 100 upon the second, 110 upon the third, and 104 upon the last. The spiral sculpture consists of slender, low, rounded threads, of which 6 occur upon the first and second turns, 8 upon the third and fourth, and 9 upon the last, between the summit and the suture. The junctions of the axial riblets and the spiral threads form slender, elongated nodules, which have their long axis parallel with the axial sculpture, while the spaces enclosed between them are more or less rectangular, shallow areas. Suture strongly CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 239 constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base moderately long, strongly rounded, narrowly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 8 spiral threads of about the same strength as those on the spire, while within the umbilicus 5 additional spiral threads are present. Last whorl solute for about one-fourth of a turn, and slightly deflected. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the outer expanded into a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, narrow on the outer lip, and wider on the inner and basal lip, and again narrow on the parietal wall; the inner moderately exserted and rather broadly expanded. Operculum paucispiral with the nucleus halfway between submarginal and subcentral; the turns are marked on the outside by numerous, retractively slanting lamellae, which extend over about three-fifths of the whorls, fusing on the inner surface; the outer two-fifths of the turns are without reinforcement. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355391, comes from the type locality, Guisa, southeast of Bayamo, Oriente Province. It was part of the Redfield collection and it was probably received from Poey or Gundlach. It has a little over 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 15.5 mm.; greater diameter, 7.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.5 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) ABTIANA (Pfeiffer) PuatE 21, Ficure 11 1862. Tudora abtiana PrrirFER, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 9, p. 4. Shell elongate-conic, pale wax yellow with interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnu- clear whorls well rounded and marked by slender, slightly elevated, rather closely spaced axial riblets, which are gathered into hollow tufts at more or less regular intervals at the summit. The spiral sculpture consists of feeble threads, just strong enough to render the axial riblets wavy or articulate. Suture well constricted. Periphery somewhat inflated, well rounded. Base short, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by spiral threads that are obsolete, except within the umbilicus and the anterior two-thirds of the base, where they become more intensified. The last whorl is solute for about one-fifth of a turn. Aperture oval; peristome double, the outer slightly auriculate at the posterior angle, rather heavy and expanded, very slightly wider on the columellar margin than on the inner lip; the inner slightly exserted, reflected, and appressed to the outer. Operculum paucispiral, with a heavy deposit of calcareous material, which is arranged in retractively curved folds suggesting a development midway between Chondropoma and Parachondria. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 11055, is one of 3 collected by Wright at Saltadero, Guantanamo. It has 4.2 whorls remaining and 936 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 measures: Length, 15.4 mm.; greater diameter, 7.6 mm.; lesser diame- ter, 6.5 mm. The species is easily distinguished from P. (P.) erecta and P. (P.) lurida by its much less strongly developed sculpture. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) DAUDINOTI ( [Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PLATE 21, Ficure 9 1860. Cyclostoma daudinoti [Gundlach] Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 6, pp. 69-70. 1865. Choanopoma daudinoti Prerrrer, Monographia pneumonopomorum viven- tium, Suppl. 2, p. 105. Shell small, elongate-conic, dark horn colored. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls somewhat inflated, well rounded, marked by narrow, sublamellar axial ribs, of which some are stronger than others, with 2 or even more finer riblets between the strong ones. Some of these riblets become expanded at the summit to form denticles, a few of which are rather heavy and hollow. The spiral sculpture consists of mere indications of threads, which, however, render the ribs of the early whorls slightly scalloped and sinuous, that is, articulate. On the last whorl the spiral sculpture is obsolete. Periphery of the last whorl strongly rounded. Here, too, the axial riblets are a little more closely approximated than on the early whorls. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, well rounded, moderately broadly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuations of the axial riblets and by 2 faint spiral threads outside of the umbilical margin and by 3 strong spiral threads within the umbilicus, which here render the axial riblets scalloped. Last whorl solute for about one-fifth of a turn. Aperture very broadly oval, almost subcircular; peristome double, the outer flaringly expanded all around except on the parietal wall, where it is quite narrow, marked by a series of concentric lamellae; the inner slightly exserted and slightly expanded. Operculum typically parachondroid, i. e. upon the chondroid base there is a strong development of retractively curved axial riblets, which are fused on the inside, and which become diminished as they approach the periphery, vanishing before reaching the outer extremity. This is the only Cuban species we know in which the operculum agrees with the Jamaican species in the strong development of the opercular charac- ters. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355387, comes from Monte Toro, Guantinamo. It has 5.1 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.9 mm.; greater diameter, 4.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.4 mm. Gundlach says of the animal: “On rocks. Animal whitish, neck a little brownish, white about the eyes. Blackish dots on the head form a longitudinal line on each side which passes through the base of CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 237 its antennae. Tentacles brownish at the apex. A dark longitudinal streak is present between the neck and foot. Some individuals are a little more rusty in color.” PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) CHORDATA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Shell elongate-conic, pale brown, marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown. Aperture flesh colored within, showing the spiral bands inside. The nuclear whorls are strongly rounded; the beginning of the nuclear turns are smooth; the rest of the first turn is marked by wavy, raised spiral cords, while the last turn is marked by dis- tantly spaced, scalariform axial riblets. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by closely spaced, sublamellar axial riblets, which become expanded at the summit, or several of them fuse to form toothlike elements. The spiral sculpture consists of about 5 low, rounded, broad cords which render the axial riblets scalloped. Suture strongly constricted. Base moderately long, well rounded, narrowly umbilicated, marked by 4 spiral cords. Another one is apparent within the umbilicus. Aperature broadly oval; peristome double, the outer broadly expanded, appressed to the preceding turn with the parietal portion; the inner peristome slightly projecting, mod- erately expanded, and reflected. Operculum thin, corneous, pauci- spiral, with the nucleus halfway between subcentral and marginal; the outside covered with a rather thick calcareous deposit, which bears the usual retractively curved parachondroid ridges, which are not strongly developed at this point. This species ranges through a large part of Oriente Province and breaks up into a number of subspecies, which the following key will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) CHORDATA Both peristomes broadly, flaringly expanded. Suelldarge, more than: 10) mm. jong. — 2-25 55 es tanamensis pHelismall, less than 8 mm, long. 22 22.2222 en | baracoensis Both peristomes not broadly, flaringly expanded. Sculpture strong. ‘Axial iriblets! very: closelyispaced. 2222-202 = a mayariensis Axial] riblets less closely spaced. Spiral cords of base very strong_____-_-----________ songoensis Spiral cords of base not very strong________--- guantanamensis Sculptine feeble. 48 Lb cee nee See ee ete ee Se chordata PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) CHORDATA TANAMENSIS, new subspecies PuLaTp 21, Ficurp 3 In this race, which comes from El Coco, south of Sagua de Ténamo, Oriente, both peristomes are broadly expanded. In this character it 238 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 resembles P. (P.) chordata baracoensis, from which it is easily dis- tinguished by its much larger size. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 367788, was collected by Arango. It has 4.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.0 mm.; greater diam- eter, 5.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.2 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) CHORDATA BARACOENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 21, Figure 10 In this race, which comes from Silla de Baez, west of Baracoa, both peristomes are flaringly expanded, as in P. (P.) chordata tanamensis, but the shell of baracoensis is smaller. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535334, has 4.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 7.8 mm.; greater diameter, 4.2 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 3.8 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) CHORDATA MAYARIENSIS, new subspecies Puatse 21, Fiaurze 8 This race was collected by Jeanneret at Picote, and by John B: Henderson at Piedra Gorda, Mayari, Oriente Province. It belongs to the group which has the inner peristome narrowly expanded, with strong axial and spiral sculpture, and with the axial riblets very closely spaced, in which character it differs from P. (P.) chordata songoensis and P. (P.) chordata guantanamensis. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 367789, has 4.38 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.0 mm.; greater diameter, 4.8 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 3.8 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) CHORDATA SONGOENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 21, FicurE 2 This race was collected by Dr. Ramsden at Reuter, Alto Songo, Oriente. It, also, belongs to the group in which the inner peristome is only slightly expanded. It is most nearly related to P. (P.) chordata guantanamensis; both of these subspecies have the axial riblets dis- tantly spaced, but in songoensis the spiral cords of the base are very strong, which character differentiates it from guantanamensis. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 367767, has 4.8 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.6 mm.; greater diameter, 6.0 mm.; lesser di- ameter, 3.7 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACH ONDROPS) CHORDATA GUANTANAMENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 21, Fiaure 12 This race comes from the Yateras region, Guant4namo. It belongs to the group that does not have both peristomes flaringly expanded, CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND’ BARTSCH 239 the inner being only slightly expanded. It is most nearly related to P. (P.) chordata songoensis, with which it shares the rather distant spacing of the axial riblets, but from which it is differentiated by its much weaker basal spiral cords The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493357, a complete specimen, has 7.5 whorls and measures: Length, 12.6 mm.; greater diameter, 5.4 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.8 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) CHORDATA CHORDATA ([{Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PLATE 21, FiGuRE 1 1858. Cyclostoma chordatum [Gundlach] Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 5, p. 189. 1861. ea chordatum Buanp, Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, p. 353 (27). 1920. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) chordatum HENDERSON and BartTscH, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 61. The typical race comes from Enramadas, in the region of Santiago, Oriente. It also belongs to the group that has the inner peristome only slightly expanded and reflected. It differs from all the other members of that group in having both the axial and spiral sculpture quite feebly expressed. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 493354, a cotype received from Gundlach, has 4.5 whorls remaining, and measures: Length, 10.1 mm.; ereater diameter, 5.4 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.3 mm. PARACHONDRIA (PARACHONDROPS) NIGRICULA (Gundlach) PuatE 21, FiaurE 7 1860. Cyclostoma nigriculum (Ctenopoma) GunpuAcH, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 7, p. 28. 1861. wes nigriculum Buanp, Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, 27. 1920. Peres (Parachondrops) nigricula HeNDERSON and BartscH, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 67. Shell elongate-conic, pale yellow, with the inner peristome white. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls slightly inflated, well rounded, marked with retractively slanting, slender axial ribs, of which 40 occur upon the first of the remaining turns, 72 upon the second, 90 upon the third, 126 upon the fourth, and 144 upon the last. These ribs are not all of the same strength, but a series of taller ones alternate with more slender elements, the taller ones forming expanded tubercles at the summit, which here give to these groups a somewhat tufted appearance. The spiral sculpture consists of obsolete cords, which render the riblets slightly wavy. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by a strong spiral 240 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 cord marking the termination of the umbilicus. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the outer expanded a little less on the parietal wall than on the rest, marked by a series of concentric lamellae; the inner slightly exserted and reflected. Operculum paucispiral, with the nucleus halfway between subcentral and submarginal; the whorls are marked by feeble, retractively curved, slender lamellae, which do not quite extend to the outer edge of the chondroid plate. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 57136, is one of 5 collected by Arango on El Yunque. It has a little over 5 whorls and measures: Length, 9.8 mm.; greater diameter, 4.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.8 mm. Additional series of specimens before us come from Baracoa, El Yunque, and Mata east of Baracoa. In this species the males are much smaller than the females. Gundlach says of this species: ‘On stones and trees at Baracoa, Yun- que and Mata. Animal brownish with dark dots which become con- fluent into spots on the snout, the head and part of the neck. Eye ring rose red-white. Tentacles bright coral red with gray apex. The space between neck and foot is dark gray.” Subfamily ADAMSIELLINAE Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Adamsiellinae HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 70. Shell ranging in form from ovate-conic to elongate-conic, marked by axial and spiral sculpture of equal strength, this sculpture giving the surface a granulose appearance, or marked by axial ribs which are stronger than the spiral threads, the latter giving the ribs an articulate appearance. In two groups the ribs are gathered into tufts at the summit. No special breathing device has been observed in any of the species. ‘The operculum consists of a chondroid basal plate composed of several whorls, in which the upturned outer edge of the preceding whorl is strengthened and built into a strongly elevated lamella by the inner edge of the succeeding turn. There is no ribbing or buttress- ing to this lamella. Type genus.—Adamsiella Pfeiffer. Genus ADAMSIELLA Pfeiffer 1851. Adamsiella Prrirrer, Zeitschr. Malac., vol. 8, Deel bos CUBADAMSIELLA, new subgenus Shell ranging in shape from ovate to elongate-conic. Nuclear whorls smooth, except for microscopic granulations ; the last portion of the last whorl usually showing the feeble beginning of the post- nuclear axial ribs, The postnuclear axial sculpture consists of slender sublamellar axial riblets. The spiral sculpture varies from obsolete threads to nothing; when present it renders the axial ribs articulate. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 241 The last whorl is usually solute. The peristome is double, the outer expanded but not thickened. Operculum typically adamsiellid with fine hairlike extensions on the outside of the chondroid basal plate radiating from the raised lamella anteriorly. Type: Adamsiella (Cubadamsiella) gratiosa, new species. The sublamellar axial ribs and thin outer peristome readily dis- tinguish this subgenus from the Jamaican Adamsiellops. Typical Adamsiella is not found in Cuba. So far we have found only the present subgenus in the island. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS CUBADAMSIELLA RSE UMC TOIL UL CHOW Us eee (er a yn er IR Go ee ee Bs ae gratiosa Shell elongate-conic. AK aleribsrscallopedits: Jew ae so UIE. oh A ee ee leoni AI aleribsmo scalloped tases oso 2 Baler a ad eee ees procax ADAMSIELLA (CUBADAMSIELLA) GRATIOSA, new species PLATE 21, FiagurE 4 Shell elongate-ovate, varying in color from wax yellow to pale orange. Nuclear whorls a little more than 1.5, well rounded, and marked by microscopic granules. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by very slender, rather distantly spaced, sublamellar axial riblets. The broad intercostal spaces and the sides of the ribs are marked in addition by exceedingly fine, microscopic, wavy incremental lines. There are about 40 of these riblets on the first whorl and about 55 on the last. The spiral sculpture is absent on the spire. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, strongly rounded, openly umbili- cated, and marked at the umbilical edge by a feebly developed spiral thread. There are also some faint indications of another thread a little farther within. The last whorl may be solute or adnate to the preceding turn. The outside of the parietal wall is marked with the continuation of the axial ribs. Aperture very broadly oval, almost circular; peristome double, the outer thin, expanded, a little narrower on the parietal wall, slightly auriculate at the posterior angle; the inner slightly exserted and slightly reflected. Operculum with an almost central nucleus and a strongly elevated lamella rising from the inner edge of the turns, which is slightly outcurved at the free edge. The spaces between the lamellae are marked by fine granules. In some of these specimens there is a slight indication of distantly spaced, slender, recurved threads between the lamellae. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535339, was collected by Bartsch at Guajabana, Santa Clara Province, on the western end of the hill north of the railroad track. It has 6.4 whorls and measures: Length. 7.0 mm.; greater diameter, 3.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.4 mm, 242 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 We found this species rather widely distributed in Santa Clara Province. We have seen specimens from the northeast slope of La Puntilla; from the lomas de Ramén Martinez, between Remedios and Zulueta; from Charco Maja, north slope of Loma Platero a little east of Yagiiey; Vereda del Resbalillo Cambao, near Remedios; and Guajabos. ADAMSIELLA (CUBADAMSIELLA) LEONI, new species PLATE 21, Ficure 5 Shell small, thin, elongate-conic, of wax yellow ground color with interrupted spiral bands of brown, whichare arranged in both axial and spiral series. These color bands are shown within the aperture. Nuclear whorls 2, forming a rather large, somewhat mammillated blunt apex, with the whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and micro- scopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls slightly shouldered, strongly rounded, and marked by strong, distantly spaced, lamellar axial ribs, which are separated by finer axial threads. These vary in number from 3 to 6. The heavy axial ribs extend prominently to the summit and here develop into toothlike elements. The spiral sculpture con- sists of ill-defined threads, which render the axial ribs vertebrated and the larger of the axial ribs scalloped at their free margin. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base _ short, strongly rounded, very openly umbilicated, and marked by the con- tinuation of the axial ribs and by feeble spiral threads. The last whorl is solute for about one-half of a turn, with the outside of the parietal wall marked by the continuations of the axial ribs, but with no indication of spiral sculpture. Aperture circular; peristome double, the outer thin, narrowly expanded and a little narrower on the parietal wall than on the rest. The inner decidedly exserted and slightly reflected at its free edge. Operculum thin, corneous, with almost central nucleus. The whorls are provided with a strong, decidedly elevated lamella at their inner edge, which is bent slightly outward at the free margin. There aye fine calcareous granules in the spaces between the lamellae. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 585337, which was collected by Hermano Leon at Cabezadas del Caracusey, Sierra de Gavilanes, Santa Clara Province, has 5.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 7.1 mm.; greater diameter, 4.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.3 mm. A larger specimen has 5.3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.0 mm.; greater diameter, 4.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.5mm. This specimen, and the one from which the nucleus and operculum were described, are listed as U.S.N.M. No. 535338. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 243 ADAMSIELLA (CUBADAMSIELLA) PROCAX (Poey) PLATE 21, FIGURE 6 1851. Cyclostoma procax Pory, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 1, pp. 104, 106, pl. 7, figs. 12-14. 1854. Cistula? procar PrrirreR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 1, p. 95. Shell small, elongate-conic, of wax yellow ground color with inter- rupted spiral bands of brown, which are arranged in both axial and spiral series. Nuclear whorls almost 2, forming a somewhat mam- millated blunt apex, with the whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls very inflated and strongly rounded, the first one marked by about 60 threadlike, retrac- tively curved axial riblets. These riblets become decidedly dimin- ished on the next whorl, which has only about 40. From this point they increase in number on each turn to the last whorl, which shows more than 60. Beginning with the second whorl and continuing through the last turn, the riblets become sublamellar, and are rendered sinuous and slightly vertebrated by the poorly developed spiral threads, which are almost obsolete. These riblets extend prom- inently to the summit, but they scarcely show indications of becoming enlarged at the summit. Suture very strongly constricted. Peri- phery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, very openly umbilicated, marked by the continuations of the axial riblets and by a faint suggestion of spiral threads. The axial riblets extend into the open umbilicus, but here there is no indication of spiral sculpture. The last whorl is solute for about one-fourth of a turn. Aperture very broadly oval, almost circular, not evenly curved, the outer lip being much more strongly arched than the inner; per- istome double, the outer thin, narrow, flaringly expanded and slightly auriculate at the posterior angle, a little wider on the outer lip than on the parietal wall; the inner peristome is slightly exserted and reflected, very distinct from the outer, the inner peristome showing the external color bands. Operculum thin, corneous, with subcentral nucleus and with a thin lamella rising on the inner edge of the turns, which is slightly outward bent. The rest of the operculum is covered by fine granules. The specimen figured, one of nine, U.S.N.M. No. 535336, has 9.2 whorls and measures: Length, 9.8 mm.; greater diameter, 4.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.2 mm. This species, for which Poey did not cite a locality, was lost for some time. It has recently been rediscovered by Hermano Leén at Lomas de Buenos Aires, between Cienfuegos and Trinidad. 223580—40——_8 944 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Subfamily ANNULARIINAE Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Annularinae HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 71. Shell ranging in form from depressed-helicoid to elongate-conic. The axial sculpture may be almost obsolete or it may consist of strong ribs or many slender lamellae, which may or may not be gathered into tufts at the summit. The spiral sculpture may be absent, confined to the umbilicus, or cover spire and base. In strength the spiral sculpture varies from fine threads to strong cords. Breathing devices are present in some groups and absent in others. They range from a mere notch or slit puncture to a pore with external siphon. The operculum may be flat or convex on the outside, provided with a calcified lamella, which rises from the inner edge of the whorls. This lamella may be vertically placed upon the basal plate or it may be obliquely situated or reflected to parallel the basal plate. It may be almost smooth or ribbed. Type genus.—Annularia Schumacher. KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE SUBFAMILY ANNULARIINAE Outer edge of the opercular lamella touching that of the succeeding whorl, thus forming a continuous surface. Nuclear whorls thimble-pitted. Nuclear whorls with axial ribs and spiral threads___-_____ Limadorex Nuclear whorls without axial ribs or spiral threads________ Limadora Nuclear whorls not thimble-pitted. Nuclear whorls microscopically granulose______..__________- Tudora Outer edge of the opercular lamella not touching that of the succeed- ing whorl, thus not forming a continuous surface___________-__ Annularia LIMADOREX, new genus Small tudorids having the nuclear whorls thimble-pitted and in addition provided with axial riblets and spiral threads, which char- acters at once distinguish it from Limadora. The postnuclear whorls are marked by sublamellar, wavy axial ribs. Peristome double. Breathing puncture present. Type: Limadorex limonensis, new species. LIMADOREX LIMONENSIS, new species PLATE 22, Fiaurss 6, 7 Shell rather large, elongate-conic, pale yellow. Nuclear whorls 2, strongly rounded, with the first whorl showing indications of retrac- tively slanting axial ribs and with the entire surface thimble-pitted. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slightly retractively slanting axial riblets, of which 102 occur on the first of the remaining turns, 138 on the second, and 158 on the last. These rib- lets are not quite so wide as the spaces that separate them, and they are expanded at the summit and at the periphery into more or less auricular elements, which are usually fused. The spiral sculpture con- CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 245 sists of feeble indications of threads, which render the axial riblets wavy. Of these, 7 appear to be present on all the whorls. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 7 spiral threads, which render the riblets slightly scalloped. Aperture almost circular; peristome double, the outer broadly expanded, deeply notched on the middle of the inner lip and reflected posterior to this, and appressed to the base, completely covering the umbilicated area; the outer peri- stome is marked by slender concentric lamellae; inner peristome slightly exserted. Operculum typically tudorid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356392, was collected on El Toro, Sierra de Limones, Pinar del Rio, by Henderson and Bartsch in 1916. It has almost 4 whorls and measures: Length, 7.6 mm.; greater diameter, 4.5 mm ; lesser diameter, 3.5 mm. The peculiar thimble-pitting of the nuclear whorls will distinguish this species from all the other western Cuban annularids. It is dis- tinguished from Limadora proper by the possession of a breathing pore and a double peristome. LIMADORA, new genus Annularids in which the nuclear whorls are pitted and rough like a rasp, characters which distinguish this group from all the other members of the family, for in the rest the nuclear whorls are either smooth or only microscopically granulose. The operculum is typically tudorid, 1. e., the whorls are provided with a lamella which rises from the inner edge of the turns, and which is reflected outward to parallel the basal chondroid plate, and which extends to the outer edge of the whorls, thus forming a continuous surface without a channel between the turns, in which the chondroid basal plate is visible. The lamella is marked by retractively curved threads. Peristome simple. Breath- ing pore absent. Type: Limadora tollini (Ramsden). KEY TO THE SPECIES OF LIMADORA SHelOlCrOCHIGrONtlMGt=_—) koi jee wee Tek eed ea Se tollini Shell not of trochid outline. Shell elongate-ovate or elongate-conic. Wmbilcus narrowly, pertorates2 ee feb 2 le ee garciana Wmibilicusiimperforates ts. 2a Foe ae) en 2k So ee scabrata LIMADORA TOLLINI (Ramsden) PLATE 22, FiaureEs 1, 4 1915. Rhytidopoma tollint RaMspEN, Nautilus, vol. 28, pp. 135-136, pl. 6, fig. 5. 1920. Ramsdenia tolleni HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 79. Shell of trochid outline, flesh colored with a yellowish tinge. Nu- clear whorls almost 2, strongly rounded, rough like a coarse rasp. 246 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Postnuclear whorls very strongly inflated and strongly rounded, the first marked by fairly regularly distantly spaced axial riblets, which are slightly wavy, the rest by lamellose axial riblets, which are rendered scalloped at regular intervals. Of these scallops, 4 occur between the summit and the periphery of the whorls. Suture very strongly con- stricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base very broadly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and three series of scallops. | The outer edge of the umbilicus is limited by a strong spiral cord, and the umbilical wall has 8 low spiral threads, which also render the axial ribs slightly scalloped. The last whorl is solute for about one-fifth of a turn. Aperture subcircular; peristome simple. Operculum tudorid. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 493473, a topotype, was collected by Oscar Tollin 15 miles south of Media Luna, on the road to Pilén, Oriente Province. It has 5.1 whorls and meas- ures: Length, 7.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.3 mm. LIMADORA GARCIANA (Aguayo) Shell varying from elongate-conic to elongate-ovate, flesh colored, with a yellowish tinge. Nuclear whorls 2, well rounded, rough, with a surface resembling that of a coarse rasp. Postnuclear whorls some- what inflated, well rounded, marked by rather strong, hollow, re- tractively slanting, sublamellose axial riblets, which project at the summit as slender auricles. The spiral sculpture consists of obsolete threads, which render the axial riblets scalloped. Suture strongly constricted. Peripbery well rounded. Base well rounded, very narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by spiral cords, the latter a little stronger than those on the spire; the junction of the spiral cords with the axial ribs render the latter strongly scalloped. Last whorl solute for almost half a turn, which gives a free view of the umbilical wall, which is marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by spiral threads, the latter form- ing narrow scallops at their junction with the axial riblets. Aperture very broadly oval; peristome double, the inner projecting scarcely above the outer; the outer only slightly expanded. Operculum typically tudorid. This species is found in the region of Santa Lucia, Oriente Province. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF LIMADORA GARCIANA Spiralicords:on! spire:4) fe Ae Jay sulitin 7 ve eee Bete sillaensis Spiral cords: om ispire 6.2L 2 ueerasil ses 2 cir Pee oie garciana CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 247 LIMADORA GARCIANA SILLAENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 22, F1guRE 2 The type of this subspecies was collected by Mr. Henderson at La Silla, Santa Lucia, Oriente Province. It is distinguished from L. gareciana garciana in having the whorls higher, in being much more elongate, in having the last whorl more solute, and in having one spiral cord less on the whorls than in the typical race. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356385, has 4.4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.0 m.; greater diameter, 5.6 m.; lesser diameter, 5.2 mm. LIMADORA GARCIANA GARCIANA (Aguayo) PLATE 22, Fiaure 5 1932. Ramsdenia garciana Aauayo, Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, “p. 32, pl. 3, fig. C. This subspecies comes from Sao Arriba, some 4 miles northeast of Holguin, Oriente Province. It differs from L. garciana sillaensis in having the whorls less high. JL. garciana garciana therefore has a chubbier general appearance than sillaensis, and it has one more spiral thread on the turns. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 4935138, is a topotype having 3.6 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.7 mm.: greater diameter, 6.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.4 mm. LIMADORA SCABRATA, new species PLATE 22, FIGURE 3 Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored, with a yellowish tinge, and marked by two interrupted spiral bands of brown; the spots composing these are rather broad and large. There is an additional spiral band of the same color and practically the same size on the base. Nuclear whorls almost 2, well rounded, roughened like a file. Postnuclear whorls marked by retractively curved, sublamellar axial riblets, which are hollow near the summit, where they become expanded into cusps. There is also a tendency toward hollowness in three additional scallops on the whorls between the summit and the suture. The spaces separating the axial riblets are about twice as wide as the riblets. Suture very strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded, marked by ascallop on the ribs. Base rather short, well rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which bear two additional scal- lops; these scallops are stronger than those on the spire. The base is very narrowly umbilicated, but the umbilicus is not perforated. On the parietal wall, inconspicuous spiral threads are indicated. The last whorl is solute for about one-tenth of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome simple. Operculum typically tudorid. In imma- 248 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ture specimens the umbilicus is broadly open and the umbilical wall is marked by 4 spiral cords, which are strongly scalloped at their junction with the axial ribs. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493416, was collected by Dr. Victor Rodri- guez at Finca Santa Maria (de Riveron), Marti, Loma de Sibanicd, Camagiiey Province. It has 4.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.5 mm.; greater diameter, 5.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.8 mm. Genus TUDORA Gray 1850. Tudora Gray, Nomenclature of molluscous animals and shells in the col- lection of the British Museum, pt. 1, Cyclophoridae, p.48. Shell ranging from helicoid to elongate-conic in form, marked by axial ribs only, or with axial ribs and spiral sculpture. The latter may be confined to the umbilicus or it may be present on spire and base. The axial sculpture varies from strong to almost obsolete, or it may consist of slender, sublamellar riblets. The spiral sculpture is equally variable as to strength in the different species. Breathing devices may be present or absent in this genus. The operculum has a basal chondroid plate composed of a number of whorls, the inner edge of which develops a strong calcified lamella, which is reflected outward until it parallels the basal chondroid plate, to which it is connected by calcareous bars. The lamella extends to the outer edge of the whorls of the operculum and thus forms a continuous surface on the outside. The lamella is usually marked by fine, retractively slanting striations or riblets. Type: Cyclostoma megacheilos Potiez and Michaud. KEY TO THE CUBAN SUBGENERA OF THE GENUS TUDORA Breathing device present. Shell with breathing, siphon eed 321i. fic ayaa Pale ae Eutudorops Shell with breathing punetune-s 22. 2. eh ee Eutudorex Breathing device absent. Barly postnuclear whorls solutes) 22 3-21.02.) ete 2 ee ee Ramsdenia Early postnuclear whorls not solute. Shellof thelicoidtshapeltt ira! Averiyal Bs Gundlachtudora Shell not of helicoid shape. Penistome simpless = 220.0. ee Nae ne Wrightudora Peristome double. one ah ae hea ny ata eee Aguayotudora AP ELON. LATE AEE Re ae oe Tudorina Subgenus EuTuporops Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Eutudorops Hmnperson and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, pp. 78-79. The first half nuclear whorl is microscopically granulose; the rest of the nuclear turns are marked by distantly spaced axial ribs. Shell ranging from ovate-conic to elongate-conic, the axial sculpture of the CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 249 postnuclear whorls consisting of slender, sublamellar riblets, which are rendered wavy by the low rounded spiral cords. There is a breath- ing pore, which is provided with a siphon externally on the parietal wall near the posterior angle of the aperture a little within the edge of the peristome. Operculum typically tudorid. Type: Tudora (Hutudorops) torquata ([Gutierrez] Poey). TUDORA (EUTUDOROPS) TORQUATA ((Gutierrez] Poey) PLATE 22, FiaurEs 8, 9 1858. Cyclostoma torquata [Gutierrez] Pory, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 2, p. 34, pl. 4, fig. 2. 1858. Ctenopoma torquata PrrtrreR, Monographia pneumonopomorum viven- tium, Suppl. 1, p. 105. 1920. Hutudora (Hutudorops) torquata HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 79. Shell moderately large, elongate-conic, flesh colored or pale yellow. Nuclear whorls 2, the first smooth, the second showing the ingression of the axial ribs, which here become quite strongly developed. Post- nuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by retractively slanting axial riblets, which vary much in strength in different indi- viduals, and which usually develop into rather conspicuous auricles at the summit and into strong scallops at the periphery; where these two elements meet the ribs frequently become fused. The spiral sculpture also varies much in strength, ranging from obsolete to strong, rounded cords. The number of spiral threads between sum- mit and suture may vary from 4 to 8; these spiral threads render the riblets wavy or faintly scalloped. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by spiral threads, which also vary in number and strength. The reflected outer peri- stome of the inner lip usually completely covers the narrow umbilicus, or there may be a narrow chink left uncovered. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer narrowly ex- panded on the outer and basal lip and broadly expanded on the inner lip and parietal wall, to cover the umbilicus. There is a breathing pore at the posterior angle, which continues on the outside as a heavily wrinkled, curved siphon. Operculum typical of Tudora. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 493418, a cotype, was received by Dr. de la Torre from Gutierrez, who received it from El Lechuzo, which is now called Rodas. This is about 10 miles north of the Bay of Cienfuegos. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.7 mm.; greater diameter, 6.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.5 mm. We have also figured a specimen, U.S.N.M. No. 493419, from San Isidro north of Cienfuegos, in order to show the tremendous variation in size and sculpture through which the species ranges. 950 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 This species is known only from Santa Clara Province. It is tre- mendously variable throughout its range as far as size and sculpture are concerned. There appears to be no constancy in the variation that would show a relationship to the zoogeographic areas occupied. We are therefore refraining from attempting to split it up mto sub- species. While the extreme variations in a single locality are much greater than are frequently represented in zoogeographic races of a species, here fixation apparently has failed to become effective. Forty lots before us range from the type locality south to Soledad to Guayos eastward to San Isidro and Loma El Capiro, and Loma de Bonachea to Loma de Santa Fe. On the north coast, following the range of mountains from the west eastward we have seen it from Corralillo, Santa Teodosia, Pilar, Ramona, Lutgardita, Zambumbia, Flor de Cuba, Finca Delicia, Capitolio, Jumaguas, Arboleda, Loma de la Viruela, Finca el Miradero, Finca Oriente, Finca Santa Clara, El Purio, Mogote de la Sierra, El] Guajén, El Rincén, Loma Sola, El Hacha, Loma Murciélagos, El Palenque, La Puntilla, Charco Maja, Mogote de Ramon Martinez, Central San Augustin, Mogote Buena Vista, Cayo Conuco, Cerro de Guajabana, Sierra de Meneses opposite Juncalito, east of Yaguajay, and Sierra de Jatibonica at Los Broqueles. Bartsch collected living specimens of this species at Central San Augustin on Mogote de Ramon Martinez, August 6, 1928. He de- scribed it as flesh colored with a slight grayish area between the ten- tacles, showing a pinkish tinge. The upper portion of the side of the body ashy, the tentacles varying from flesh colored to pale yellow. Sole of the foot medially cleft, flesh colored. The animal suspends itself by a mucous thread when it is at rest. EUTUDOREX, new subgenus Small tudorids of ovate or elongate-ovate outline, with lamellar or sublamellar, wavy axial ribs. The spiral sculpture on the spire may be obsolete or consist of strong cords. The umbilicus may be open or closed. Aperture almost circular; peristome double. The outer peristome may be notched on the inner lip or it may be entire. Oper- culum typically tudorid. A breathing pore is present on the parietal wall near the posterior angle, a little within the edge of the peristome. The members of the subgenus are confined to Pinar del Rio Province. Type: Tudora (Hutudorexr) rotundata (Poey). KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS EUTUDOREX Outer peristome of inner lip notched and reflected over the um- bilicus. Spiral cords of spire very strong, broad, and closely spaced-_---_-- welchi Spiral cords of spire not very strong, or broad, or closely spaced. Spiral cords of spire weak or obsolete. Axial ribs uniformess: Jot) leu tu: ehovipeud eee rotundata CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 251 Axial ribs not uniform. Axial ribs consisting of alternating strong and les- SOr Serie eee Ne eae Seon en a eee sa Lien undosa Spiral cords of spire not weak or obsolete. Hpinalvcords ansenuseuse lel Fee 2 See CS pulverulenta Outer peristome of inner lip not notched or reflected over the um- bilicus. Outer peristome decidedly expanded__._...----..----_----------- rocai Outer peristome moderately expanded. ARalsribs iniform: 4 sees se oe kee 2 eS Lee ee complanata Axial ribs not uniform. Axial ribs consisting of alternating series of strong and Jesper seriessih). 2 Beit ks 10) FiG8 2 Le. Te 2 troscheli TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) WELCHI, new species PLATE 23, FIGURE 6 Shell rather large, elongate-conic, flesh colored with a brownish flush. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, slightly shouldered at the summit, marked by closely crowded, vertebrated axial ribs, of which 221 are present on the last turn. The axial ribs are separated by mere lines; at inter- vals, however, there is a little wider space, which evidently marks a resting period. The spiral sculpture consists of low, broad, rounded cords separated by narrow, impressed lines, which render the axial riblets slightly nodulose. Of these cords, 7 are present between the summit and the periphery. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 5 spiral cords, which are a little stronger than those on the spire and render the axial riblets nodulose. This type of sculpture extends into the umbilicus, which, however, is covered by the reflected outer peristome of the inner lip. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer narrowly expanded on the outer and basal lip, broadly expanded on the inner lip, on the middle of which it is notched, the portion posterior to the notch being reflected to cover the umbilicus. On the parietal wall the outer peristome is broadly expanded and adnate to the pre- ceding turn, forming a slight hood at the posterior angle. Operculum typically tudorid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493420, was collected by Dr. d’Alté A. Welch at Sierra de Paso Real de Guane. It has 3.6 whorls and measures: Length, 11.4 mm.; greater diameter, 5.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.0 mm. 252 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) ROTUNDATA (Poey) PLATE 23, FiaguRE 2 1851. Cyclostoma retundatum Pory, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 1, pp. 419-420, in part, pl. 34, figs. 19-21. 1856. Ctenopoma rotundatum PruirreR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 3, pp. 60, 126. 1920. Tudora (Tudorops) rotundata HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 77. Shell small, yellow. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our speci- mens. Postnuclear whorls decidedly inflated, strongly rounded, marked by almost vertical axial riblets, of which 68 occur on the first, 108 on the second, and 150 on the last; these riblets are expanded into strong auricles at the summit; they are likewise expanded at the periphery, where these two elements meet and usually fuse. The spiral sculpture consists of feeble indications of threads, of which 5 are present on the first turn, 6 on the second, and 7 on the last be- tween summit and suture. These spiral threads render the axial riblets somewhat wavy and slightly scalloped. Suture strongly con- stricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base rather long, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by 7 spiral threads, which grow progressively stronger from the periphery toward the umbilicus, the last two about the umbilicus forming strong scallops at their junction with the axial ribs. Aperture circular; peristome double, the outer very broadly expanded, deeply notched on the middle of the inner lip, posterior to which it is reflected over the preceding turn, completely covering the umbilicus; the outer peristome is marked by slender, concentric lamellae; the inner peri- stome is slightly exserted. Operculum typically tudorid. Gundlach states of this species (Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 3, p. 126, 1856): “It was gathered at the entrance of Santa Cruz de los Pinos under stones and decaying leaves. The animal is pale straw yellow with the tip of the feelers somewhat thickened and brownish. The upper part of the neck with an ochraceous suffusion, the sides darker.” The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 11042, is one of 7 collected by C. Wright at Loma de Rangel, Pinar del Rio. It has 3.2 whorls and measures: Length, 6.3 mm.; greater diameter, 4.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.4 mm. TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) UNDOSA ((Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Shell small, varying in shape from elongate-ovate to elongate-conic, flesh colored with a yellowish tinge. Nuclear whorls about 2, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a slender apex. Postnuclear whorls decidedly inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by slightly retractively slanting axial ribs, which are not all of the same strength, larger sublamellar elements being separated by a number of less strongly developed and less elevated ribs. At the CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 253 summit these ribs form slight auricles which touch the preceding whorl where occasionally several of them become fused. They also become expanded near the bottom on the early turns and thus form a more or less interlocking element at the suture. The spiral sculpture consists of feeble threads, which render the axial riblets wavy or vertebrated. Suture very strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base marked like the spire, but with the spiral cords more pronounced. Aperture broadly ovate; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded, widest on the inner lip, notched in the middle and reflected posterior to the notch over the umbilicus, which it completely covers. It is also marked by slender, concentric laminae. Operculum typically tudorid. There is a breathing puncture on the parietal wall near the posterior angle of the aperture. This species ranges from Lagunillas de Consolaciédn east to the Sierra de Giiira, San Diego de los Bajfios. We are recognizing three subspecies, which the accompanying key and descriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) UNDOSA Spiral sculpture obsolete on last whorl__------------- ES eda vey ee laureani Spiral sculpture not obsolete on last whorl. Sneiwangeslength more than 9.mmii. 0/02 Lb bee ee barroi Shell snialli jengihdess than \6 mm <2. vo. -sue2J2elopse tee undosa TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) UNDOSA LAUREANT, new subspecies PLATE 23, Figure 8 This race was collected by Laureano Pequefio at Mogote E] Arabd, La Ceja near Lagunillas de Consolacién, San Juan y Martinez. It differs from the other large member, 7. (£.) undosa barroi, in having the spiral sculpture of the last whorl obsolete, and in being smaller and less elongate-conic. Here likewise the axial ribs are much more frequently gathered into tufts at the summit. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493422, a complete specimen, has 6.2 whorls and measures: Length, 9.1 mm.; greater diameter, 5.3 mm. ; lesser diameter, 4.4 mm. TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) UNDOSA BARROI, new subspecies PLATE 23, FIGURE 7 This subspecies comes from the mogote lying about Kilometer 14 on the road between Pinar del Rio and Vifiales. It is larger than any of the other races, and it is easily differentiated from 7’. (£.) undosa laureani by its more elongate form and strong spiral sculpture on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356468, a decollated specimen having 3.3 whorls, measures: Length, 9.4 mm.; greater diameter, 5.4 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.0 mm. 254 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) UNDOSA UNDOSA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PLATE 23, Ficure 4 1863. Clenopoma undosum [Gundlach] Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 10, pp. 193-194. 1867. Cyclostoma undosum ARANGO, Repert fisico natural Isla de Cubana, p. 76. 1920. Tudora (Tudorops) undosa HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 77. The typical subspecies occupies the Sierra de Giiira and is much smaller than the other two. A cotype, U.S.N.M. No. 356388, received from Gundlach, has 3.1 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 5.0mm.; greater diameter, 4.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.1mm. Its last whorl has 208 axial riblets TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) PULVERULENTA ((Wright] Pfeiffer) PLATE 23, Figure 5 1864. Ctenopoma pulverulentum [Wright] Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 11 pp. 103-104. 1867. Cyclostoma pulverulentum Aranao, Repert fisico natural Isla de Cubana, 760s 1920. Tudora (Tudorops) pulverulenta HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 77. Shell elongate-conic, slender, pale yellow with the peristome and interior of the aperture a little paler. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slightly retractively slanting axial riblets, of which 82 occur on the first whorl, 116 on the second, 142 on the third, and 178 on the last. These riblets develop into strong auricles at the summit, particularly so on the last turn, and these auricles are frequently fused in groups into denticles. The spiral sculpture is scarcely indicated; but the slight waviness of the ribs suggests this sculpture. Suture strongly con- stricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 6 spiral threads about the umbilicus. These spiral threads cover the umbilical half of the base and they are strongest near the umbilicus, where they render the axial riblets feebly scalloped. Aperture very broadly oval, almost circular; peristome double, the outer expanded, somewhat wavy and reflected over the umbilicus; the inner fusing with the outer, and indicated only at the posterior angle. Operculum typically tudorid. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 356394, is a topotype received from Dr. de la Torre, collected by C. Wright at Isabel Maria, Pinar del Rio. It has a little over 4 whorls and measures: Length, 6.8 mm.; greater diameter, 3.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 2.7mm. The species seems restricted to that locality. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 255 TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) ROCAI, new species PuLatTE 23, FigurE 3 Shell elongate-ovate, moderately large, flesh colored, with a yellow- ish tinge. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slender, retractively curved, wavy axial riblets, of which 137 are present on the last turn in the type. These riblets are developed into auricles at the summit, and they also tend to form projections at the periphery. On the early whorls these two elements interlock. These riblets are about half as wide as the spaces that separate them. The spiral sculpture is indicated by the waviness of the axial ribs. Suture very strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, openly umbilicated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which here likewise are wavy and at the edge of the umbilicus it is marked by a spiral series of strong scallops, which grow consecutively weaker from the outer toward the inside. Two of these strong series of scallops are present at the edge of the umbilicus and four are apparent on the anterior half of the umbilical wall. Aperture almost circular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and slightly reflected; the outer broadly expanded, decidedly so on the inner lip, and marked by con- centric laminae. On the parietal wall the outer peristome is adnate to the preceding turn. Operculum typically tudorid. A breathing pore is present on the parietal wall near the posterior angle, slightly within the edge of the peristome. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493424, was collected by Father Roca at Sitio de la Sierra, north side of the Sierra de San Andrés. It has 3.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 6.3 mm.; greater diameter, 4.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.7 mm. This species is easily differentiated from other Hutudorez in that it lacks the notch on the outer peristome of the inner lip, and in that it has the peristome of the inner lip decidedly expanded. TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) COMPLANATA, new species PLATE 23, FicureE 1 Shell small, ovate, flesh colored, with a yellowish tinge. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls very strongly inflated, strongly rounded, marked by vertical, wavy axial riblets, which are a little narrower than the spaces that separate them. Of these 178 are present on the last whorl. These riblets become slightly expanded at the summit, also on the early whorls at the periphery, where these two elements interlock. The intercostal spaces are bridged by slender, threadlike spiral elements which are much finer than the axial ribs. Suture profoundly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, strongly rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the con- 256 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM: Vol. 89 tinuation of the axial riblets and by spiral threads equaling those of the spire. The edge of the umbilicus is marked by a strong spiral cord, while the umbilical wall itself is free of spiral sculpture. Aperture almost circular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted ; the outer evenly, moderately broadly expanded and marked by concentric laminae and adnate to the preceding turn at the parietal wall. There is a breathing pore on the parietal wall near the posterior angle of the aperture slightly within the peristome. Operculum typically tudorid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493425, comes from El] Palmarito; that is the north side of El Queque, near Vifiales, Pinar del Rio Province. It has almost 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 4.5 mm.; greater diameter, 3.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 2.5. mm. This species can be readily differentiated from 7. (E.) troschelr by having the axial ribs of uniform strength instead of a double series. TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) TROSCHELI (Pfeiffer) Shell small, thin, semitranslucent, pale straw yellow. Nuclear whorls 1.5, forming a blunt apex, well rounded, microscopically cranulose, with the last portion of the last turn showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls inflated, well rounded, marked by retractively slanting axial riblets, which are not all of the same strength, but several slightly weaker ones are separated by a little stronger element. These riblets, particularly the stronger ones, become slightly expanded into small auricles at the summit. The spiral sculpture consists of very slender threads, which cross the intercostal spaces but not the ribs. These threads differ in strength and spacing in the different subspecies. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which here become much intensified, the stronger elements becoming decidedly lamellose; the fine spiral sculpture described for the spire is also present on the base; in addition to that, two con- siderably stronger spiral threads mark the outer limit of the umbilicus. The umbilical wall is marked by the continuation of the axial riblets. Aperture almost circular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted ; the outer rather broadly expanded and slightly reflected, marked by concentric laminae adnate to the preceding turn on the parietal wall. Operculum typically tudorid. This species is confined to Pinar del Rio Province, where it appears to range from Pan de Azucar through Cayos de San Felipe and Vifiales to the mogotes south of the Sierra de San Andrés. We are recognizing four subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate: CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 257 KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) TROSCHELI Aenalsane, spiral, sculpture feeblews:220: el tavel se oslo Be eec troscheli Axial and spiral sculpture not feeble. Aialeribsistrong ly zscallopedees sete aa ae es Oe ee azucarensis Axial ribs not strongly scalloped. Spiral threads of intercostal spaces strongly developed._._ antoniensis Spiral threads of intercostal spaces poorly developed_-_ palmaritensis TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) TROSCHELI TROSCHELI (Pfeiffer) PuatTEe 24, Ficure 3 1864. Choanopoma troscheli PrrirreR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 11, p. 103. 1867. Cyclostoma troscheli ARANGO, Repert fisico natural Isla de Cubana, p. 76. 1920. Tudora (Tudorops) troscheli HENDERSON and Barrtscu, Proce. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 77. The typical subspecies appears to be confined to Cayos de San Felipe, Pinar del Rio Province. It is differentiated from the others by its larger size and by its feeble axial and spiral sculpture. A cotype, U.S.N.M. No. 356396, has 4 whorls remaining and meas- ures: Length, 6.3 mm.; greater diameter, 4.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.1 mm. TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) TROSCHELI AZUCARENSIS, new subspecies PuatE 24, FicurEe 4 This race comes from Pan de Azucar, Pinar del Rio Province. It is a very small race, with the axial ribs very strongly scalloped. In size it resembles 7’. (£.) troscheli palmaritensis, from which, however, it is easily distinguished by its strong sculpture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493427, has 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 4.5 mm.; greater diameter, 2.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 2.4 mm. TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) TROSCHELI ANTONIENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 24, FicureE 1 This subspecies comes from Hoyo Largo de San Antonio, one of the mogotes off the south side of the Sierra de San Andrés, Pinar del Rio Province. The spiral threads of the intercostal spaces are very strongly developed, in which respect it differs from JT. (£.) troscheli palmaritensis, from which it is also distinguished by its much larger size. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493429, has 3.1 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 5.0 mm.; greater diameter, 3.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.0 mm. 258 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) TROSCHELI PALMARITENSIS, new subspecies PuatEe 24, FicurE 2 This race comes from El Palmarito, that is, the north side of El Queque near Vifiales. It is small, like 7. (E.) troscheli azucarensis, from which it is readily distinguished by its much weaker sculpture and scarcely indicated scallops. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493431, has 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 4.6 mm.; greater diameter, 3.4 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.0 mm. Subgenus RAMSDENIA Preston 1913. Ramsdenia Preston, Proc. Malac. Soc. London, vol. 10, p. 323. Shell small, elongate-conic. Nuclear whorls forming a subglobular apex followed by one or more turns, which are decidedly solutely coiled, resembling a corkscrew, after which the normal coiling is resumed. Most of the shells gathered are decollated at the termina- tion of the solute portion. The whorls are marked by slender, subla- mellar, wavy axial riblets, which are usually auriculated at the summit. Scallops may also be present at intervals on the ribs of the spire and the periphery may have strong scallops, which may interdigitate with those at the summit of the whorls. Fine spiral lirations may or may not be present on the spire. The base also may or may not have spiral cords. The umbilicus, however, is always provides’ with spiral cords. The Jast whorl is solute. The axis of the@ 2. is hollow. Peristome double, the outer with a channel at the; © erior angle, which forms an peace Operculum rather large, capptiny aperture. Chondroid plate decidedly concave, that is, its outer margin inward bent. Calcareous lamella broadly expanded and curved to form one continuous sheet of rounded whorls, which are marked by retractively curved, slender threads. Type: Tudora (Ramsdenia) nobilitata mirifica (Preston). KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS RAMSDENIA Kine spiralisculpture’presentlse 22 2 aoe ek SO es eee nobilitata Fine spiral sculpture absent. Axial ribs coarse and decidedly lamellose_______..._.__--.----_--_- bufo Axial ribs not coarse or decidedly lamellose. Axial ribs sublamellose. Periphery with a dark chestnut band_____--._______--_--- notata Periphery without a dark chestnut band____________- natensoni Axial ribs:absoletestei se 5.34 pee 8 sp a I Sg perspectiva TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NOBILITATA ((Gundlach] Poey) Shell small, elongate-conic, milk white. Nuclear whorls 2, forming a subglobular apex, well rounded, microscopically granulose, with the CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 259 last portion of the last whorl showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. The first two postnuclear whorls are very solutely coiled, the first one being marked by distantly spaced, wavy axial riblets; the rest, which are inflated and strongly rounded, are marked by sinuous, almost vertical axial ribs, which on the last whorl are a little narrower than the spaces that separate them. Some of the axial riblets are expanded into hollow auricles at the summit. The inter- costal spaces are marked by numerous, somewhat irregularly spaced, fine spiral lirations, which vary much in strength in the different subspecies. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the wavy axial riblets. Last whorl solute for a fraction of a turn. The umbilical wall is marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by spiral threads, which vary in strength and number in the different races; the junctions of the axial ribs and spiral cords form nodules or scallops. Aperture circular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted above the outer; the outer very narrowly expanded. Operculum typically ramsdenid. This species comes from Oriente Province, where it breaks up into the following subspecies: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NOBILITATA Spiral lirations on spire conspicuous. Spiral cords on the umbilical] wall few and strong____________-_ nobilitata Spiral cords on the umbilical wall many and weak_________-_ mirandensis Spiral lirations on spire inconspicuous Spiral cords on the umbilical wall strong___-.__.____--_------- mirifica Spiral cords on the umbilical wall not strong. Shell small and: slender. ==) 2228 ow eee oe yaterasensis phelltarve and stouter.. sv 2200.8 2 ee ke mayariensis TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NOBILITATA NOBILITATA ({Gundlach] Poey) PLATE 24, Fiaurss 5, 8 1858. Cyclostoma nobilitatum [Gundlach] Pory, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 2, p. 87. 1862. Ctenopoma nobilitatum PrrirreR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 9, p. 3. 1920. Ramsdenia nobilitatum HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. vol. 58, p. 79. The typical subspecies was collected by Gundlach at Enramadas (San Luis), north of Santiago, Oriente Province. It is a small race in which the spiral lirations are conspicuous and the auricles at the summit interlock with denticles projecting down- ward from the periphery. The specimen, U.S.N.M. No. 355666, which has served for our description and figure, is a paratype collected by Gundlach at the type locality. It has 3 whorls remaining, which 223580—40-——9 260 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 bear 67 axial ribs on the first, 94 on the second, and 103 on the third. In addition to these ribs, the base has three weak spiral cords, and the umbilical wall bears 7 strong cords on its anterior two-thirds; these cords render the axial riblets decidedly scalloped. The specimen figured measures: Length, 5.5 mm.; greater diameter, 3.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.0 mm. TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NOBILITATA MIRANDENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 24, FIGURE 7 This subspecies was collected by Dr. Pilsbry at Tibisi near Miranda, Oriente Province. This race agrees with T. (R.) nobilitata nobilitata in the strength of its spiral lirations of the spire, but it is easily distinguished from nobilitata by its larger size and much more numerous and finer spiral cords on the umbilical wall. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535667, has 3.8 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.0 mm.; greater diameter, 3.9 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 3.7mm. The first of these whorls has 54 axial riblets, the second 82, the third 102, and the last eight-tenths of a whorl has 94 axial riblets. The base is marked by four feeble spiral threads, and the umbilical wall has 14. TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NOBILITATA MIRIFICA (Preston) Puate 24, Ficurss 6, 9 1913. Choanopoma (Ramsdenia) mirifica Preston, Proc. Malac. Soc. London, vol. 10, p. 328, figured. 1920. Ramsdenia mirifica HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 79. This subspecies was collected by Dr. Ramsden at Bayate near Concepcioncita, northwest of Guantdnamo, Oriente Province. It belongs to the group in which the spiral lirations are inconspicuous, and the spiral cords on the umbilical wall are few and strong. The specimen described and figured, a cotype, U.S.N.M. No. 356482, has 3 whorls remaining, of which the first has 86 riblets, the second 97, and the last 114. The axial riblets terminate in conspicuous auricles at the summit and interlock with denticles at the periphery of the preceding turn. The base has mere indications of spiral threads, while the umbilical wall shows 6 strong cords. The specimen figured measures: Length, 5.9 mm.; greater diameter, 3.5 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 3.0 mm. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 261 TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NOBILITATA YATERASENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 25, Figure 4 This race comes from the Yateras region, northeast of Guantanamo, Oriente Province. It is a small slender race, in which the spiral lirations are inconspicuous and the spiral cords on the umbilical wall are weak. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356484, has 3.2 whorls remaining, of which the first bears 90 axial riblets, while the last has 124. The base shows only the merest indications of spiral threads, and the umbilical wall is marked by 8 very feeble cords, which render the axial riblets weakly nodulose. The type measures: Length, 5.9 mm.; greater diameter, 3.2mm.; lesser diameter, 2.8 mm. TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NOBILITATA MAYARIENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 25, FIGURE 3 This is the largest of all the races. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535669, was collected by Wright at Piloto Arriba, Mayari, Oriente Province. It has 3.2 whorls remaining, of which the first bears 102 riblets, the second 121, and the third, which is a little more than two- tenths of a turn, bears 123. The spiral sculpture on the base is too feeble to be definitely described, and the umbilicus bears 7 weak cords. The type measures: Length, 6.7 mm.; greater diameter, 5.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.2 mm. The large size and stout shape will easily differentiate this from the other subspecies. TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) BUFO (Pfeiffer) PLATE 25, FIGURE 2 1864. Ctenopoma? bufo PreirrER, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 11, p. 104. 1865. Ctenopoma bufo PrrirrerR, Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium, Suppl. 2, pp. 113-114. 1867. Cyclostoma bufo ARANGO, Repert fisico natural Isla de Cubana, p. 74. 1920. Ramsdenia bufo HENDERSON and BartscH, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 79. Shell elongate-conic, pale yellow. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by lamellar, slightly retractively slanting, hollow axial riblets, of which 62 occur on the first, 76 on the second, and 88 on the last of the remaining turns. These riblets are developed into strong auricles at the summit. The spiral sculpture consists of broad, low, rounded threads, which render the axial riblets conspicuously scalloped at their junctions. Five of these threads occur on the first of the remaining turns, and 6 are on the last. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, well rounded, narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by the 262 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 continuation of the axial riblets and by 4 broad spiral threads, which render the axial riblets conspicuously scalloped at their junction. The umbilical wall is marked by the feeble continuation of the axial riblets and by 12 spiral threads; here, also, the combination of the two forms feeble scallops. Last whorl solute for one-tenth of a turn. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted ; the outer moderately, broadly expanded, a little wider on the inner lip and the parietal wall than on the outer and basal lip, marked by concentric lamina. Operculum typically ramsdenid. U.S.N.M. No. 356490 contains 2 specimens from the type locality, Malafio Cave, Oriente Province, one of which we have figured. It has a little over 3 whorls and measures: Length, 6.8 mm.; greater diameter, 4.1 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.6 mm. The other specimen has a little over 3 whorls and measures: Length, 6.9 mm.; greater diameter, 4.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.8 mm. In one of these speci- mens the first postnuclear whorl is slightly solute, showing the typical solute characteristic of Ramsdenia. The exceedingly strong, hollow lamellose ribs will distinguish this species from all other Ramsdenias. TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NOTATA, new species PLATE 25, Ficurss 5, 8 Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored, with a conspicuous spiral band of brown a little posterior to the middle of the base. Nuclear whorls 2, forming a subglobular apex, well rounded, microscopically granu- lose, except for the last portion of the last turn, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. The first two postnuclear whorls are very strongly solute, corkscrew-shaped, the first one marked by distantly spaced, lamellar axial riblets; the rest of the postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by sinuous, rather closely spaced, sublamellar axial riblets, of which 84 occur on the first of the remaining turns, 126 on the second, and 142 on the last. Some of these riblets are expanded into hollow auricles at the summit. The spaces between the axial riblets are not marked by incised spiral lines, but are granular. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base short, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the sinuous axial riblets and by 2 spiral threads, one of which is on the middle and the other marks the junction of the umbilical wall with the base. The spiral cords render the axial riblets conspicuously scalloped. The umbilical wall is marked by the continuation of the feeble axial riblets and by 3 spiral threads; the junction of these with the axial riblets renders them feebly scal- loped. Last whorl solute for one-third of a turn. Aperture sub- circular; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted; the outer CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 263 broadly, flarmgly expanded, more so on the outer lip than on the inner, reflected into a sinus at the posterior angle, and marked by concentric laminae. Operculum typically ramsdenid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356488, was collected by Mr. Henderson at Camayén, Santa Lucia, Oriente Province. It has a little over 3 whorls and measures: Length, 6.2 mm.; greater diameter, 4.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.3 mm. TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NATENSONI, new species Shell small, elongate-conic, thin, semitranslucent, flesh colored, with the scallops white. Nuclear whorls 2, strongly rounded, forming a globular apex. The first 1.5 turns of the postnuclear whorls are solute; the rest of the postnuclear whorls are somewhat inflated, well rounded, and marked by sublamellar axial riblets, which appear more or less in series, that is, several stronger riblets will be succeeded by several weaker ones, giving the shell a somewhat scalariform aspect. These axial riblets are conspicuously expanded into auricles at the summit. There are also several rows of scallops on the axial riblets of the spire, which are arranged in spiral series. These scallops may be hollow. The peripheral series not infrequently interlocks with those at the summit of the succeeding whorls. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery rendered slightly angulated by the scallops referred to. Base well rounded, marked by three rows of scallops. The last whorl is solute for a fraction of a turn; it is openly umbilicated and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and spiral cords. Aperture circular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer rather broadly expanded all around and conspicuously scalloped at the edge, forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, which is channeled and backward reflected, marked by a series of concentric lamellae. Operculum typically ramsdenid. This species comes from the north coast of Oriente Province. KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NATENSONI Shellfslend cree asee ts oe 1h ee ates OE eel ae ALE Wah oN natensoni SERS TOUMLMEO Ee eer emen ine Nitta! AUP M yey yee ire esau eee Ue canetensis TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NATENSONI NATENSONI, new subspecies PLATE 25, FiaurRE 9 Natenson collected the typical subspecies at Finca El Retiro (de Silva), and San Alejo, Boca de Taco, Nibujén, west of Baracoa, Oriente Province. If differs from 7. (R.) natensoni canetensis in being much more slender, and in having the axial ribs much more scalariform. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535670, comes from Finca El Retiro. It has 4.3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.3 mm.; greater 264 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 diameter, 5.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.0 mm. There are 53 riblets present on the first whorl, 67 on the second, 77 on the third, 120 on the fourth, and 69 on the last three-tenths of a whorl. TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) NATENSONI CANETENSIS, new subspecies PuatE 25, Figure 7 Natenson collected this race at Cafiete, west of Taco, west of Baracoa, Oriente Province. It differs from the typical race in being much larger, stouter, and in having the axial ribs not as conspicuously scalariform. The type, U.S.N.M. No, 535673, has 4.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.9 mm.; greater diameter, 5.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.3 mm. It has 44 riblets on the first whorl, 76 on the second, 128 on the third, and 129 on the last and the fraction remaining. TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) PERSPECTIVA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Puate 25, Fiaures 1, 6 1859. Cyclostoma perspectivum [Gundlach] PreirreR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 6, Dada 1865. Ctenopoma perspectivum PretrrER, Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium, suppl. 2, pp. 116-117. 1915. Rhytidopoma perspectivum Pitssry, Nautilus, vol. 28, p. 136. 1920. Ramsdenia perspectivum HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 79. Shell elongate-conic, pale horn colored. Nuclear whorls 2, forming a subglobular apex, the whorls of which are well rounded and micro- scopically granulose, except for the last portion of the last turn, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. The first two post- nuclear turns are solute, very openly and broadly coiled, and marked by rather distantly spaced, retractively slanting, axial riblets; the later turns are strongly rounded and marked by slightly retractively curved, axial riblets which are very poorly developed and tend to become obsolete on the last whorl. The stronger of these riblets are developed into conspicuous auricles at the summit. In the specimen described and figured, 108 of these ribs are present on the next to the last whorl and 136 on the last. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. There is an indication of a feeble spiral thread immediately below the periphery and two additional strong spiral cords on the base render the axial riblets strongly scalloped at their junction. The umbilicus is broadly open, and the umbilical wall is marked by the feeble continuation of the axial riblets and 3 obsolete spiral threads, which also render the axial riblets scalloped. Last whorl solute for about one-half a turn. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the outer strongly fimbriated, the strongest fim- CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 265 briation marking the posterior angle, a little broader on the outer lip than on the rest; inner peristome slightly exserted. Operculum typically ramsdenid. The specimen described and figured is a cotype, U.S.N.M. No. 356491, collected by Gundlach at Monte Toro, Guantanamo, Oriente Province, and presented to the U. S. National Museum by Dr. de la Torre. It has 3 whorls and measures: Length, 7.4 mm.; greater diameter, 4.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 3.9 mm. Of the animal Gundlach says (Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 6, p. 72, 1859): “On stones. Animal whitish with white dots which become fused into spots on the foot. Head and middle of antennae ochre colored. Tip of antennae blackish.” GUNDLACHTUDORA, new subgenus Helicoid tudorids having the spiral sculpture stronger than the axial. Peristome decidedly thickened and transversely fluted. Oper- culum with the calcareous lamella reflected to touch that of the succeeding whorl; lamella marked with oblique threads. Type: Tudora (Gundlachtudora) decolorata ({Gundlach] Pfeiffer). TUDORA (GUNDLACHTUDORA) DECOLORATA ((Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PLATE 28, FIGURE 3 1859. Cyclostoma decoloratum [Gundlach] Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 6, p. 70. 1863. Cisicns decoloratum REEVE, Conchologia iconica, no. 150. 1865. Choanopoma decolorata PrEIrrER, Monographia pneumonopomorum viven- tium, Suppl. 2, p. 107. 1920. Tudora (Tudorellata) decolorata HENDERSON and Barrscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 76. Shell subglobular, yellowish white. Nuclear whorls 2, forming an almost mucronate apex, well rounded, microscopically granulose, ex- cept for the last portion of the last whorl, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slightly retractively slanting, wavy axial riblets, and by spiral threads which are a little stronger than the axial riblets. Of these, 5 occur on the first, 7 on the second, and 10 on the last between the summit and suture. The spiral threads render the axial riblets strongly wavy. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base short, openly umbilicated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by 8 spiral threads, which are as strong as those on the spire. The axial riblets extend into the umbilicus, where they become closely crowded. On the umbilical wall there are 9 spiral threads, which are stronger than those on the base. Last whorl solute for a fourth of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and slightly 266 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 reflected, almost fusing with the outer; the outer very much thickened, broadly expanded and decidedly fluted all around. Operculum with subcentral depressed nucleus and a broad calcareous lamella, which is reflected to parallel the chondroid plate on the last turn, and which forms a continuous surface on the outside. This species was described from Monte Toro, Guantdinamo, Oriente Province. The specimen described and figured is one of two, U.S.N.M. No. 356345, received from Poey. It has a little over 4 whorls and meas- ures: Length, 9.7 mm.; greater diameter, 9.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.5mm. The other specimen has a little over 4 whorls and measures: Length, 8.1 mm.; greater diameter, 8.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.6 mm. Gundlach states of this species (Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 6, p. 70, 1859): “Animal whitish with white dots above which become fused into spots. Head with olive colored suffusion and dark dots, reddish within. Feelers cinnabar red with thickened brownish apex. The first turn of the animal appears greenish through the substance of the shell.” AGUAYOTUDORA, new subgenus Shell varying from elongate-ovate to elongate-conic. Nuclear whorls microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls marked by axial ribs and by spiral threads, both of which elements vary ma- terially in strength in the different species. The axial ribs may or may not be gathered into tufts or they may or may not form cusps at the summit. There is no siphon or breathing pore. Peristome simple. Operculum typically tudorid. Type: Tudora (Aguayotudora) aquayoi, new species. KEY TO |THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS AGUAYOTUDORA Amaliribs exceedingly fine =i 8 ge Wea ae ee ee ee suavis Axial ribs not exceedingly fine. Axial ribs gathered into broad tuits--- 2-25) oe ee cristata Axial ribs not gathered into broad tufts. Axial ribs obsolete on last whorl______.._.____________- crassiuscula Axial ribs not obsolete on last whorl. Axial ribs expanding into hollow cusps at the summit. Shell.clongate-conie 526 22h ue ee ee bermudezi SSCL VE Ges et cae ene he recta Axial ribs not expanding into hollow cusps at the summit. Axial ribs decidedly scalloped____.___.__..______- asperata Axial ribs not decidedly scalloped. Axial ribs, tuberculate- 2.22. 9 wees tuberculata Axial ribs not tuberculate. Axial tibs very regular. + {tty i es aguayoi Axial ribs irregular. Umbilicus broad... - 46 fse se varicosa Wambilicus narrow obesa CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 267 TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) SUAVIS, new species PuLaTE 26, Figure 5 Shell elongate-ovate, varying from pale yellow to pale brown, some- times with a brown band at the suture. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by very closely spaced, low, rounded axial riblets, which are separated by spaces about as wide as the riblets. There are 431 of these on the last whorl. The riblets do not form cusps at the summit. The spiral sculpture is absent on the spire. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base short, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 5 almost obsolete spiral cords, which grow successively a little stronger from the periphery toward the umbilicus. The umbilicus is broad and open and its wall bears 8 spiral cords, which grow successively stronger from within toward the outside. The axial riblets cross these spiral cords and their interspaces. Last whorl solute for about one-fifth of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome simple, slightly auriculated at the posterior angle. Oper- culum typically tudorid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493432, comes from Guaicanamar, Cama- giiey Province. It has 6.5 whorls and measures: Length, 12.1 mm.; greater diameter, 7.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.8 mm. This species is easily distinguished from all the other Aguayotudoras by its fine ribbing. TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) CRISTATA, new species Shell thin, elongate-ovate, pale brown, with interrupted spiral bands of chestnut brown. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, well rounded, micro- scopically granulose, forming a rather small apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, rather high between summit and suture, marked by retrac- tively curved axial ribs, which form conspicuous scallops at the sum- mit, where frequently several of them are fused together to form a tuft. On the early turns the axial riblets become expanded also into scallops at the periphery where they interlock with those at the summit of the succeeding turns. The spiral sculpture is obsolete or very poorly developed. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Here the scallops mentioned for the early turns are absent. Base short, well rounded, with a mere umbilical chink, but without apparent perforation, marked by spiral cords, which are low and broad anteriorly, and which become stronger toward the umbilicus, where they render the axial ribs weakly scal- loped. The exposed portion of the umbilical wall shows slender spiral threads, which also form minute scallops at their junction with the 268 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 axial ribs. Aperture broadly oval; peristome simple, auriculated at the posterior angle. Operculum typically tudorid. This species is confined to Camagiiey Province. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA?}(AGUAYOTUDORA) CRISTATA Spiral sculpture of last whorl obsolete-_----~---------------------- cristata Spiral sculpture of last whorl] consisting of low rounded threads_-__chorrillensis TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) CRISTATA CRISTATA, new subspecies PuatEe 26, Ficgure 4 This subspecies comes from San Martin de Biaya, 15 miles south of Marti, Camagiiey Province. It is easily distinguished from T. (A.) cristata chorrillensis in lacking the spiral threads on the last whorl. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493434, has 6.5 whorls and measures: Length, 12.8 mm.; greater diameter, 6.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.7 mm. There is considerable variation in size of individuals of this sub- species. The smallest specimen has 6.2 whorls and measures: Length, 9.6 mm.; greater diameter, 5.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.9 mm. TUDORAl(AGUAYOTUDORA) CRISTATA CHORRILLENSIS, new subspecies Puate 26, Fiaure 6 This subspecies comes from the Vereda del Telégrafo, Sierra del Chorrillo, south-southeast of Camagiiey, Camagiiey Province. It is readily distinguished from TY. (A.) cristata cristata by the fact that the whorls have low rounded spiral threads, which render the axial ribs slightly smuous. The spiral sculpture on the base is also much more pronounced. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493436, has lost the nuclear turns, the 5 postnuclear whorls measuring: Length, 13.3 mm.; greater diameter, 7.4mm.; lesser diameter, 6.3 mm. TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) CRASSIUSCULA, new species PLATE 26, FicurE 7 Shell ovate, horn yellow, with interrupted spiral bands of brown. The elements composing these bands are rather distantly spaced and are arranged also in axial series. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls very inflated, strongly rounded, marked by retractively slanting axial ribs which are best developed on the early whorls and which become de- cidedly enfeebled, in fact almost obsolete, on the last turn. These riblets are distantly spaced on the early turns, but they become more CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 269 closely approximated on the later whorls, where they develop into strong cusps at the summit, which are very variable in strength. At the periphery on the early turns they also become strengthened into elongate, scalloplike elements. The spiral sculpture is indicated by a few threads on the first turn, but disappears on the succeeding turns. Suture well constricted. Periphery of the last whorl strongly inflated and rounded. Base short, openly umbilicated, inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by a spiral cord at the outer edge of the umbilicus. There is the merest indication of a second cord a little posterior to this. The exposed portion of the umbilical wall is marked by 10 equally strong and equally spaced spiral cords, of which only the outer one is a little heavier than the rest. Aperture subcircular; peristome simple. Operculum typically tudorid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493438, comes from Palomar de San José, Sierra de Guaicanamar, Camagiiey Province. It has 6.2 whorls and measures: Length, 13.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.3 mm. We also have specimens from La Caridad de Guerrero, Sierra de Guaicanamar. TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) BERMUDEZI, new species Shell elongate-ovate, thin, pale horn colored, with interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, micro- scopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls high between the summit and suture, rather strongly inflated, marked by retractively curved, rather distantly spaced axial ribs, which are expanded into scallops at the summit and on the early turns, slightly thickened at the per- iphery, where they form weak interlocking elements with the scallops at the summit of the succeeding turn. Spiral sculpture absent on the spire. Suture constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base moderately long, narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and on the umbilical wall by spiral threads, which become a little stronger toward the edge of the umbilicus than within. Last whorl solute. Aperture broadly oval; peristome simple. Oper- culum typically tudorid. The species appears limited to Camagiiey Province. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) BERMUDEZI Seles COU Gee ee ee ne ce ee ee ee a PION a 2 bermudezi Helleslenc Crees Meee ee es hen ed ee er Sa wg ee sibanicuensis 270 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) BERMUDEZI BERMUDEZI, new subspecies Puate 26, FicureE 8 This subspecies comes from La Caridad, on the road southeast of Camagiiey, Camagiiey Province. It differs from 7. (A.) bermudezi sibanicuensis in being much larger and stouter. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493441, has 5.3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.3 mm.; lesser di- ameter, 6.1 mm. TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) BERMUDEZI SIBANICUENSIS, new subspecies Puate 26, Figure 9 This subspecies was collected by Bermudez at Finca San Pablo near Sibanicti, Camagiiey Province. It differs from T. (A.) bermudezi bermudezi in being much smaller and much more slender. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493442, has 4.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.7 mm.; greater diameter, 6.0 mm.; lesser di- ameter, 5.0 mm. TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) RECTA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Shell ovate, varying in color from flesh colored to pale brown, marked with interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by axial ribs, which vary materially in strength in the different races, not infrequently with a finer thread between the stronger ribs. The summits of the stronger axial ribs are expanded into hollow auricles and in the early whorls the axial ribs are also expanded at the periphery, forming an interlocking ele- ment in the suture with the auricles at the summit. In some of the races the axial ribs are somewhat sinuous and slightly nodulose. Suture well constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base moderately, broadly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs. The umbilical wall bears spiral threads, which render the axial ribs nodulose, particularly so near the outer limit of the umbilicus. The last whorl is solute for a varying distance. Aper- ture broadly oval, with more or less of a carina at the posterior angle; peristome simple. Operculum typically tudorid. The species is restricted to Camagiiey Province. We are recognizing three subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) RECTA Auricles at the summit closely spaced. PEXIAl TDS ClOSely, Spaced Bs. coos st Sas ot martiensis AXISE TIDS IStANULY BpACed.- 20s e222 2 ee ee barreti Auricles at the summit not closely spaced_______._____.___________.-- recta CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 271 TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) RECTA MARTIENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 26, Figure 1 This subspecies was collected by Dr. Rodriguez at Finca San Carlos, near the town of Marti, Camagiiey Province. It resembles the typical race, but differs markedly from this by its much more uniform de- velopment of ribs and much greater number of auricles at the summit of the whorls. The nodulation of the axial ribs here is also much more pronounced. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493446, has 5.5 whorls and measures: Length, 10.2 mm.; greater diameter, 5.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.0 mm. TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) RECTA BARRETI, new subspecies PLATE 26, FIGURE 2 This subspecies comes from Maragudén, Rio Hondo, about 13 miles southeast of Camagiiey, Camagiiey Province. It differs from the other two races in being much larger, with the axial ribs much more distantly spaced, and with the auricles at the summit strongly devel- oped, in which respect it resembles 7’. (A.) recta martiensis. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493444, has lost the early whorls. The 4.2 turns remaining measure: Length, 12.7 mm.; greater diameter, 7.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.2 mm. TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) RECTA RECTA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PLATE 26, FIGURE 3 1863. Cyclostomus rectus [Gundlach] Prrirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 10, p. 194. 1890. Colobostylus rectus CrossE, Journ. Conchyl., vol. 38, p. 303. 1920. Tudora (Tudorisca) recta HENDERSON and BartscHu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 76. The typical subspecies was collected by Gundlach between Las Tunas and Puerto Principe, Camagiiey Province. It resembles most nearly T. (A.) recta martiensis, from which it is easily distinguished, how- ever, by the fact that the differentiation into the stronger and weaker elements of the axial ribs is much more pronounced; the axial ribs therefore are much more irregular; also the auricles at the summit are much less frequently developed than in T. (A.) recta martiensis. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 356367, a cotype, has 6 whorls and measures: Length, 10.2 mm.; greater diam- eter, 6.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.8 mm. 272 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) ASPERATA, new species PLATE 27, F1iGURE 5 Shell elongate-ovate, white. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, forming a small mammillated apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by lamellar axial ribs, between which 1 or 2 finer axial ribs may be present. The lamellar ribs are decidedly scalloped, having the appearance of being rendered so by the spiral cords, which are not present in the intercostal spaces. Five of these scallops are present between summit and the periphery. The scallops at the periphery and the expanded riblets at the summit of the succeeding turns interlock on the early turns. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which bear 3 scallops. The umbilical wall also bears the continuation of the axial ribs and 4 feeble threads on the exposed portion. Last whorl slightly solute. Aperture very broadly oval, almost circular, peri- stome simple. Operculum typically tudorid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493448, comes from El Cacaotal in the Sierra de Najaza. It has 6.2 whorls and measures: Length, 12.8 mm.; greater diameter, 6.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.3 mm. The strong scallops on the ribs differentiate this at a glance from all the other Aguayotudoras. TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) TUBERCULATA, new species PLATE 27, FIGURE 2 Shell elongate-ovate, varying in color from flesh colored to chestnut- brown. The paler forms show conspicuous, interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Post- nuclear whorls strongly inflated, marked by retractively curved axial riblets, which are not all of the same strength; heavier ones are inter- spersed with 1 or 2 finer elements. The axial ribs are tuberculated, but no spiral threads appear to be present in the intercostal spaces. The tubercles are best developed on the early whorls, 6 being present between summit and suture on the second, and 7 on the third. On the last whorl they become enfeebled. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, broadly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 3 rows of tubercles, which here almost con- stitute spiral threads. The umbilical wall has 10 spiral threads, which render the axial ribs nodulose. The last whorl is solute for a tenth of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome simple. Oper- culum typically tudorid. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 273 The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493474, comes from the Vereda del Telé- grafo, Sierra del Chorrillo. It has 4.4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.6 mm. This species is easily distinguished from all the other Aguayotu- doras by its granulose sculpture. TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) AGUAYOI, new species Shell varying in shape from elongate-ovate to broadly ovate and in color from horn yellow to pale chestnut-brown, unicolor, or inter- ruptedly spirally banded. Nuclear whorls 2, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls decidedly inflated, strongly rounded, marked by axial ribs which vary materially in strength; some are lamellar, while between them 1 or 2 finer threads may be present. The axial ribs are expanded into auricles at the summit and are thickened at the periphery, where in the early whorl they form interlocking elements. The axial ribs may or may not be nodulose, depending upon the race in question. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, and by an indication of 1 or 2 feeble spiral threads adjacent to the open umbilicus. The umbilical wall is marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by spiral threads, which render the ribs nodulose. Last whorl adnate or slightly solute. Aperture very broadly oval, with a decided auricle at the posterior angle; peristome simple. A shelf, which almost suggests a double peristome, limits the peristome at the posterior angle. This species appears to be restricted to Camagiiey Province. We are recognizing 3 subspecies, which the following key and de- scriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) AGUAYOI BHEMMOLOACI TT OVACL Se eee ee Se Se ee aguayoi Shell elongate-ovate. Axial ribs distantly ispacedce: s_4-)- 228) sce Bee eee coronadoi Shell larger, height more than 10 mm. Axial riblets projecting strongly above the suture__________-_-__- acervata Axial riblets not projecting strongly above the suture____________ spurca ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) CORONADOI CORONADOI ({Arango] Poey) PuLatTe 32, Figure 4 1867. Cyclostoma coronadoi [Arango] Pory, Repert fisico natural Isla de Cubana, vol. 2, p. 174. Poey credits the manuscript for his description to Arango and states that Arango collected it at ‘‘Jaruco.’”’ This is undoubtedly Hoyo de Jaruco, a famous sink in the Sierra de la Chorrera. The race ranges from the Costanera de San Vicente and El Queque through the mogotes of Laguna de Piedras. It is easily distinguished from the other two subspecies by its much smaller size. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 356171, was collected by Wright at Vifiales. It has a little more than 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 6.8 mm.; greater diameter, 5.1 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 3.8 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) CORONADOI ACERVATA (Arango) PuatE 32, Figure 3 1881. Choanopoma acervatum ARaNGo, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, p. 15. This subspecies was described by Arango as coming from ‘Las Lagunitas,” Pinar del Rio. It ranges from there north through Cayos de San Felipe and the mogotes at Ss 14, between Pinar del Rio and Vifales. It almost reaches the size of A. (A.) coronadoi spurca, but differs from that in having the lamellose axial ribs developed into much more prominent projections, which here extend up on the preceding whorl. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 483464, is a cotype from Arango. It has almost 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.8 mm.; greater diameter, 6.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.2 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) CORONADOI SPURCA (Aguayo) PuatTE 32, Figure 1 1856. Cyclostoma sordidum (Gundlach) Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 3, p. 39. Not Cyclostoma (Cyclotus) sordidum Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1855, p. 103. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 297 1920. Annularia (Annularops) sordidum HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 74. 1934. Annularia spurca AGuayo, Mem. Soc. Cubana Hist. Nat. Felipe Poey, vol. 8, p. 89: Cyclostoma sordidum (Gundlach) Pfeiffer was, unfortunately, preoccupied by Pfeiffer’s earlier name, as set forth in the above synonymy. This was discovered by Aguayo, who substituted Annularia spurca for it. Gundlach says that his species comes from the mountains near San Diego de los Bafios. We have it from the mogotes on both sides of the river north to La Catalina. The shells of this subspecies are a little larger than those of A. (A.) coronadoi acervata and they have the axial ribs less strongly developed and less projecting above the suture at the summit. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 493465, is from the mogote at Cuatro Caminos. It has 3.9 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 11.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.4 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) ATTENUATA, new species Shell very elongate-ovate, ranging from pinkish to rose-colored, the early whorls being always more intensely colored than the rest; the interior of the aperture and peristome varies from flesh color to pale red in the different subspecies. Nuclear whorls 2, small, well rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by sublamellar, retractively slanting, wavy axial riblets, which vary much in strength and spacing in the different races. The axial riblets are slightly exserted at the summit, where they project in varying degrees. The spiral sculpture, while pronounced, also varies much in strength in the different subspecies. The junctions of the spiral threads with the axial riblets render these slightly wavy and feebly nodulose. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base moderately long, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by the spiral threads, which are much stronger than those on the spire, and which render the riblets nodulose. Aperture circular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded, decidedly more so, however, on the inner and parietal wall than on the rest, marked by a series of concentric lamina, and deeply notched on the middle of the inner lip. Posterior to the notch the peristome is reflected over the umbilicus, which it covers with a broad callus. Operculum typically annularid. KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) ATTENUATA Interior of aperture and peristome reddish______________--------- minaensis Interior of aperture and peristome white. PASI al srilsxCORTSC Me tsa ta ee eke i ee lS ee morsei Axinleribsrnne ies one een ie ees Sete ee ees he eee So attenuata 298 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) ATTENUATA MINAENSIS, new subspecies Puatse 32, Fraurp 10 This subspecies appears restricted to Mogote La Mina, sometimes called Encinar Alto, northeast of Bafios de San Vicente. It is easily distinguished from the other two subspecies by the red- dish peristome and interior of aperture. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356260, has 3.8 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 15.8 mm.; greater diameter, 10.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 8.2 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) ATTENUATA MORSETI, new subspecies PLATE 32, FIGURE 6 This subspecies was collected on Pan de Azucar during the Tomas Barrera Expedition. It is named for C. K. Morse, the engineer in charge of the Matahambre Mine, who was very helpful on that expedition. In this, the westernmost known race, the axial ribs are strong and more distantly spaced than in the other races. The junctions of the axial ribs and spiral threads form somewhat pointed tubercles, which are retractively bent so that they almost overlap like tiles. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356239, has 4 whorls remaining and meas- ures: Length, 13.7 mm.; greater diameter, 8.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) ATTENUATA ATTENUATA, new subspecies PLATE 32, Ficure 5 This subspecies is known from the eastern end of the Sierra de San Andrés; Pico Grande, El Zumbido; Sitio de la Sierra and Mogotes de Talavera and Vegas Nuevas, near La Palma. In coloration it resembles A. (A.) attenuata morsei, from which its very fine and closely spaced axial ribs will at once distinguish it. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493466, comes from Pico Grande; it is a complete specimen having 6.4 whorls and measuring: Length, 14.9 mm.; greater diameter, 8.4 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.7 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) PLICATA, new species Puate 30, Ficure 8 Shell elongate-ovate, flesh colored, with a pinkish tinge on the last whorl, turning consecutively deeper pink toward the first of the post- nuclear whorls. Nuclear whorls flesh colored; peristome flesh colored. Nuclear whorls 2, well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a conspicuous apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by almost vertical, strong, closely spaced axial riblets, of CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 299 which 72 occur on the first, 128 on the second, 180 on the third, and 248 on the last. The spiral sculpture is also rather strong. On the first turn, however, it is obsolete; 4 spiral threads are present on the second, 10 on the third, and 11 on the last between summit and suture. The junction of the spiral threads and axial ribs renders the latter wavy and slightly nodulose. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base short, inflated, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 8 spiral threads, which grow consecutively stronger from the periphery to the umbilicus; within the umbilicus 9 additional weak spiral threads are present. Aperture circular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded, considerably more so on the inner and the parietal wall, strongly plicate on the middle of the inner lip, and re- flected as a broad flap over the umbilicus, which it does not completely cover. Operculum typically annularid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356263, comes from Mogote de la Jagua, Pinar del Rio. It has 6.2 whorls and measures: Length, 15.4 mm.; greater diameter, 10.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 8.3 mm. The peculiar folding—plication—of the inner lip of the outer peristome readily distinguishes this from the other species. ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) BLAINI ({Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Shell broadly ovate, varying greatly in size in the two races. The color shades from flesh color through yellowish to pale reddish, usually darkest on the early turns. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by closely spaced, somewhat wavy, sublamellar axial riblets, which vary considerably in strength in the two races; the axial riblets are more strongly developed at the summit, where they project as feeble auricles. The spiral sculpture is also variable in the two races; it is poorly expressed in A. (A.) blaini cumbrensis, while in A. (A.) blaini blaini it consists of low, rounded cords. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base short, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by spiral cords, the latter are also weaker in A. (A.) blaint cumbrensis. Aperture circular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly ex- panded on the inner lip and parietal wall, and less so on the outer and basal lip, somewhat infolded on the middle of the inner lip. Umbilicus partly hidden by the reflected peristome, but showing the spiral cords on the umbilical wall. Operculum typically annularid. This species ranges through the mountains of La Giiira and east to La Cumbre, near San Diego de los Banos, Pinar del Rio Province. KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) BLAINI Spiralaschippure= pronounced 225.52 525255504. a sos hoa eecenwes blaini Spiralssculpiure Obsolete: 222.45 oe soe 5 ee eee cumbrensis 300 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) BLAINI BLAINI ({Gundlach] Pfeiffer) PuLatTE 32, Figure 8 1863. Choanopoma blaini [Gundlach] Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 10, pp. 191-192. 1920. Annularia (Annularops) blaini HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 74. This subspecies inhabits the Sierra de La Giiira and the mogotes adjacent to it. At first sight this shell may be confused with its neighbor, A. (A.) semicana semicana, with which it agrees in size. The open umbilicus, owing to the absence of the cut in the middle of the outer peristome of the inner lip and to the absence of its reflection over the umbilicus, will easily differentiate it from that shell. The specimen figured is one of a series, U.S.N.M. No. 356265, and has 3.8 whorls remaining which measure: Length, 17.2 mm.; greater diameter, 12.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 9.7 mm. Its large size will easily distin- guish it from A. (A.) blaini cumbrensis. Gundlach states of this subspecies (Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 10, p. 192, 1863): ‘‘After showers this mollusk can be found upon large stones in the crevices of which it withdraws in unfavorable seasons. Animal dark gray with whitish dots which group themselves into spots upon the foot and head. Head rose red within. Forehead with a dark suffusion. ‘Tentacles coral red with blackish tip.” ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) BLAINI CUMBRENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 32, FigurRE 2 This race, which was collected by Henderson on La Cumbre, is much smaller than typical A. (A.) blaini blaini. It also has the axial riblets much finer and more closely spaced and the spiral threads obsolete. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356161, has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.7 mm.; greater diameter, 7.1 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 5.9 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) TRYONI (Arango) Shell elongate-ovate, pale yellow. Nuclear whorls 2, strongly rounded, smooth, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls moderately inflated, strongly rounded, marked by rather strong, sublamellar, almost vertical axial riblets, of which 104 occur on the first, 140 on the second, and 164 on the last whorl in the type of A. (A.) tryont tryoni, and 76 on the first, 104 on the second, and 184 on the last of the remaining whorls in A. (A.) tryoni vinalensis. The axial riblets are a little more strongly developed near the summit and the suture than on the middle of the turns. The spiral sculpture consists of poorly developed threads, of which 8 are present on the last whorl CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 301 between the summit and suture. Suture strongly constricted. Periph- ery strongly rounded. Base short, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by 5 spiral threads in A. (A.) tryont tryoni and 8 in A. (A.) tryoni vinalensis, which are a little stronger than those on the spire; within the umbilicus 4 additional spiral threads are apparent. Aperture circular; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted; the outer rather broadly, flaringly ex- panded, a little wider on the parietal wall than on the rest, slightly notched in the middle of the inner lip, but not reflected to cover the umbilicus posterior to the notch, and marked by concentric lines of growth. Umbilicus open. Operculum typically annularid. KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) TRYONI MILE CULO LURE HEC DG se ait ae a ty Bee ta nS te IE a Oe ea tryoni Spirainscitumcure, not teebles: (22. Si . Soe ce ee eee eee vinalensis ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) TRYONI TRYONI (Arango) PLATE 32, FIGURE 9 1879. Ctenopoma tryont ARANGO, Contribucion a la fauna malacologica Cubana, p. 173. 1898. Choanopoma tryoni KopeLT and M6uuLeNporFF, Nachr. Deutsch. Malak. Ges., vol. 30, p. 183. 1920. Annularia (Annularops) tryoni HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Museum, vol. 58, p. 74. The type of this species, U.S.N.M. No. 356163, which we have de- scribed and figured, was collected at Bebedero, Pinar del Rio. We have collected it abundantly on the Mogotes del Cerro de Cabras, at Kilometer 14, on the road between Pinar del Rio and Luis Lazo, which was the ancient watering place (called Bebedero). It is distinguished from A. (A.) tryoni vinalensis by being a little more slender and by having the spiral sculpture only very feebly developed. The type has a little more than 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 7.5 mm.; greater diameter, 5.8 mm.; lesser diam- eter, 4.3 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) TRYONI VINALENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 32, FicgurRE 7 We have seen this race from the Sierra de Vifiales, mogotes de la Chorrera, and the type locality E] Cuajani, the east end of the Sierra del Infierno. It differs from typical A. (A.) tryoni tryoni in being a little less elongate-ovate, in having the spiral threads more strongly developed, and in rib count. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356160, has 3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.7 mm. 302 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) PERPLEXA, new species PiaTB 30, Fiaure 4 Shell small, broadly ovate, straw colored. Nuclear whorls decollat- ed in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls very strongly inflated and rounded, marked by retractively curved, sublamellar axial ribs, which are stronger near the summit, where there is a slight inclination toward the formation of tufts by the projection of some of these riblets a little above an interval of shorter ones. Of these axial ribs, 65 occur on the first, and 159 on the last of the remaining turns. These riblets are a little narrower than the spaces that separate them. The spiral sculpture consists of rather broad, low, feebly developed cords, of which 6 are present between the summit and the suture on the last turn. The junction of the axial ribs and spiral cords produces thickenings and slight projections which are directed backward. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by the continua- tion of the axial ribs, which pass into the open umbilicus, and by 5 spiral cords of the same strength as those on the spire and which pro- duce the same effect in their junction with the axial riblets. On the umbilical wall there are at least 6 additional spiral threads of about the same strength. Aperture circular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded, tending toward the formation of a slight auricle at the posterior angle and a little wider on the posterior half of the inner lip, where it is almost flat without plication or infolding. Operculum typically annularid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535682, comes from the Sierra del Abra. It has 3.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 8.0 mm.; greater diameter, 5.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.7 mm. This species is distinguished from the other Annularops by the flat inner lip of the outer peristome. ANNULARODELLA, new subgenus Shell elongate-ovate, openly umbilicated, marked by regular, non-articulate axial ribs on the spire, to which are added spiral threads on the umbilical wall. There is a puncture at the posterior angle of the aperture, which communicates directly with the exterior without a siphon. Type: Annularia (Annularodella) morenoi, new species. This group resembles the subgenus Annularodes, but lacks the siphon of that subgenus. CUBAN ANNULARUDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 303 ANNULARIA (ANNULARODELLA) MORENOI, new species PuatT 33, Figure 7 Shell very broadly ovate, almost turbinate, of pale straw color, the ground color marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown. Peri- stome pale yellow, the outer rayed. The early nuclear whorls have the suture chestnut brown and a diffusion of this color extends to adjacent parts. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, micro- scopically granulose, forming a somewhat blunt apex. Postnuclear whorls strongly inflated and strongly rounded, and marked by subla- mellar, retractively curved, rather distantly spaced axial ribs, of which 24 occur on the first of the remaining turns, which is probably the first postnuclear turn, and 90 on the last whorl. These riblets become slightly expanded at the summit, where they form feeble den- ticles. Sometimes a second row of small nodules appears immediately below the summit. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery very strongly inflated, well rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, and widely openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by about 16 spiral threads on the umbilical wall, which render the axial riblets slightly nodulose at their junction. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted and strongly reflected, fusing on the outer lip with the outer; the outer peristome strongly expanded on the inner and parietal wall, adnate to the preceding turn at the parietal wall, a little less so on the basal wall and even less on the outer lip, marked by concentric laminae, and forming a moderately strong auricle at the posterior angle. There is a breathing puncture at the posterior angle of the aperture. Oper- culum typically annularid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535633, comes from Ayongo, Las Jumaguas, Sagua, Santa Clara Province. It has 4.1 whorls remaining and meas- ures: Length, 10.5 mm.; greater diameter, 7.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.8 mm. Subgenus EuTUDORA Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Hutudora HenpEeRSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 78. Shell varying from broadly ovate to turbinate in form. Spiral sculpture much stronger than the axial. A breathing pore is present in the parietal wall a little distance from the posterior angle of the aperture. Operculum with the lamella reflected to parallel the chondroid basal plate, but not reaching to the outer edge of the whorls, thus leaving a narrow channel of the basal chondroid plate visible at the outer edge of the whorls. Type: Annularia (Eutudora) limbifera ([Menke] Pfeiffer). 304 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS EUTUDORA Shell'broadly: turbinates. 22 Saas ee ee ee Se ee eee cabrerai Shell turbinate. Surtace: ofthe ishellawaxer lossy se ee ee ee ee limbifera Surface of the shell not wax glossy. Peristome moderately expanded__-_--__-._---------+--=- transitoria iPenistome proadlyxexpandedae) 448. 2ee Lue ese eee latistoma ANNULARIA (EUTUDORA) CABRERAI, new species PLATE 33, Figure 1 Shell very broadly turbinate, almost helicoid, very widely openly umbilicated, flesh colored, with interrupted spiral bands of brown. The dots composing these bands are also arranged in axial series. Peristome white. Nuclear whorls 2, strongly rounded, microscopi- cally granulose. The postnuclear whorls are marked by very strong spiral cords, of which 6 are present on the first and second whorls. On the last whorl there is an intercallated cord a little weaker than the heavier ones between each of the stronger, thus totaling 12 between the summit and the periphery. These cords are much narrower than the spaces that separate them. The axial sculpture consists of rather distantly spaced, feeble, threadlike riblets. Base short, strongly rounded, broadly openly umbilicated, marked by 7 spiral cords, which are of the same strength and spacing as those on the spire. The umbilical wall bears 13 additional spiral cords, which are rendered crenulated by the well marked, slender axial riblets. The last whorl is solute for about one-tenth of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peri- stome double, the inner expanded and reflected and appressed to the outer; the outer is rather broadly expanded, a little wider on the anterior half of the columella, expanded into an auricle at the sum- mit, and slightly fluted. A breathing pore is usually present on the parietal wall a little anterior to the posterior angle; sometimes this is absent. Operculum typically eutudorid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356378, comes from Portugalete, near Cuatro Caminos, Habana Province. It has 5.5 whorls and measures: Length, 12.5 mm.; greater diameter, 12.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 9.0 mm. ANNULARIA (EUTUDORA) LIMBIFERA ({Menke] Pfeiffer) Shell almost trochid in shape, of flesh-colored, yellow, or pale brown ground color, marked by interrupted spiral series of brown spots; the peristome varies in color from white to soiled yellow; the interior of the aperture varies from flesh color to pale orange, usually showing the external color markings within. The entire surface has a dull waxy luster. Nuclear whorls 2, well rounded, microscopically granu- lose, except for the last portion of the last whorl, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls strongly CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 305 inflated and strongly rounded. marked by poorly expressed incre- mental lines and spiral threads, which amount almost to narrow keels; the first and second spiral threads at the summit are slightly crenulated. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, well rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by lines of growth and by spiral threads equaling those on the spire in strength. On the umbilical wall the axial lines of growth become somewhat in- tensified and the spiral threads become somewhat reduced. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the outer broadly, flaringly expanded and reflected; the inner narrow, exserted, and slightly reflected. - 022 2. 2 eC eee distincta ANNULARIA (EUTUDORA) TRANSITORIA TRANSITORIA, new subspecies PuatE 33, FiagurE 4 1878. Cistula limbifera ARANGo, Contribucion a la fauna malacologica Cubana, pp. 22-238, in part. This subspecies has the shell much more narrowly turbinate than A. (E.) transitoria distincta. In the type 6 of the strong spiral cords are present between the summit and suture on the first postnuclear turn, 7 on the second, and 14 on the last. The umbilical wall bears 15 slender spiral threads. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 386051, was collected by Bartsch on the Sierra del Grillo, Habana Province. It has 6.0 whorls and measures: Length, 13.3 mm.; greater diameter, 10.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 8.0 mm. This subspecies ranges from Sabana de Robles east, through the Sierra del Grillo, Madruga to El Mogote, Ceiba Mocha, and to Cabezas; in other words, it occupies those interior hills on the east end of Habana Province, extending across the line into Matanzas Province. The animals of this species were collected by Bartsch in a stone fence of the Finca El Ingles, near the Sierra del Grillo on July 15, 1928. He described them as follows: Flesh-colored with smoky suffusion, darker on the sides. Head gray, modified by an endless number of white dots. Snout a little paler than the dorsum. Ten- tacles sooty, tipped with pale orange. Foot deeply, medially cleft, smoky gray. Motion of the sides alternate. When in motion the animal moves the shell along sidewise with a jerk. The shell! is thus carried forward in a series of jumps. 223580—40——12 308 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ANNULARIA (EUTUDORA) TRANSITORIA DISTINCTA, new subspecies PLATE 33, Figure 2 This subspecies was collected by Dr. de la Torre at El Volcan on the road between Habana and Managua. It is readily distinguished from A. (£.) transitoria transitoria by its much more broadly trochid outline. It also has the inner lip of the outer peristome not so broadly expanded. The type, U. S. N. M. No. 493469, has 5.3 whorls and measures: Length, 12.0 mm.; greater diameter, 10.4 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.3 mm. ANNULARIA (EUTUDORA) LATISTOMA, new species Puiate 33, Figure 3 Shell of turbinate outline, orange in ground color, marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls 2, well rounded, microscopically granulose. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slender, lamellar spiral threads, of which the two near the summit are minutely denticulated. The spaces sepa- rating the spiral threads are wider than the threads. The axial sculpture consists of scarcely perceptible lines of growth and occa- sional resting stages, which appear as retractively slanting pale lines. Suture channeled. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, broadly, openly umbilicated, marked by the same sculpture as that characterizing the spire, except that the axial sculpture here becomes intensified and assumes the nature of fine, closely spaced threads, which are particularly conspicuous in the spaces between the spiral threads. The umbilical wall is likewise marked by spiral threads and by the continuation of the axial sculpture, which here renders the spiral sculpture minutely den- ticulated. Aperture broadly ovate; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted, reflected over and appressed to the outer; the outer expanded and slightly reflected. Breathing pore on the parietal wall a little anterior to the posterior angle of the aperture, and a little within the edge of the peristome. Operculum typically tudorid. This species occupies the southern part of the island, on both sides of the boundary between Pinar del Rio and Habana Provinces. While it resembles A. (£.) limbifera in general shape, it can at once be distinguished from that by lacking the dull wax coloration and by having stronger spiral sculpture. FOSSULARIA, new subgenus Shell elongate-ovate, marked by axial ribs, which are slightly, regularly wavy, suggesting spiral sculpture; base and umbilical wall CUBAN ANNULARIMAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 309 are marked by feeble spiral cords. Aperture very broadly ovate; peristome double, with a slight notch at the posterior angle. Oper- culum with reflected lamella, which does not reach to the outer margin of the chondroid basal whorls. Type: Annularia (Fossularia) boqueronensis, new species. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS FOSSULARIA Axialeribs tinevand closely spaced=-—=-2255 22-552 2 22h ee inquisita Axialeribs: not fine’ or distantly;spaced_—_—_=)_~.----- === ===. - boqueronensis ANNULARIA (FOSSULARIA) INQUISITA (Pilsbry) PuatTeE 34, Ficure 5 1929. Choanopoma inquisita PrtsBry, Nautilus, vol. 42, p. 80, pl. 5, fig. 2. Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored, with interrupted spiral bands of brown, 4 of which are between the summit and suture, and 4 are on the base; peristome corresponding to the ground color. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by retractively curved, well elevated axial riblets, which are a little narrower than the spaces that separate them. Of these, 178 are present on the last whorl. These riblets become a little paler and slightly intensified on the summit and therefore are more differentiated here than on the rest of the turn. Suture well constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base rather short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, and near the umbilical wall marked by several obsolete threads. The umbilicus is moderately broad and its wall is marked by hairline continuations of the axial ribs and apparently by no spiral sculpture. The last whorl is solute for about one-tenth of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted, reflected and appressed to the outer, which is narrowly expanded, and which develops into a channel at the posterior angle. Operculum typically fossularid. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 426045, a para- type received from Dr. H. A. Pilsbry, comes from Florencia, Camagiiey Province. It has 4.3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.7 mm.; greater diameter, 10.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.8 mm. ANNULARIA (FOSSULARIA) BOQUERONENSIS, new species PLATE 34, FIGURE 6 Shell elongate-conic, pale yellow, with the faintest indication of 6 interrupted spiral bands of brown between summit and suture; similar, much fainter bands are indicated on the base. Nuclear whorls 310 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls rather high be- tween summit and suture, marked by decidedly retractively slanting, slender, sublamellar axial riblets, of which 115 are present on the last turn. These riblets are only about one-fourth as wide as the spaces that separate them. They become slightly intensified and a trifle expanded at the summit. Suture well constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, openly umbilicated. The umbilical wall is marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by weakly developed spiral threads, which extend up on the ante- rior half of the base. Last whorl solute for about one-eighth of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner decidedly exserted and slightly reflected, forming a slender notch at the posterior angle, where it is backward deflected, suggesting a siphon. The outer peri- stome is rather broadly expanded and reflected and it is likewise bent backward at the posterior angle. Operculum typically fossularid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493488, comes from Boquerén del Jati- bonico, Santa Clara Province. It has almost 5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 18.7 mm.; greater diameter, 10.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 8.3 mm. Subgenus HUTUDORISCA Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Hutudorisca HENDERSON and Barrscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 78. 1920. Hutudorella HENDERSON and BartscH, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 78. Shell almost turbinate in form, spiral cords much stronger than the axial sculpture, which is decidedly reduced, almost obsolete. A notch in the parietal callus near its junction with the outer lip leaves a breathing space here, when the animal is withdrawn. Operculum with the lamella reflected outward to parallel the chondroid basal plate, but falling short of reaching the outer edge of the whorls, thus leaving a zone of the chondroid plate showing in each turn. Type: Annularia (Hutudorisca) jimenoi ({Arango] Pfeiffer). We now believe that there is not sufficient distinction between Eutudorisca and Eutudorella for subgeneric designation, and we there- fore merge the second name under the first. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS EUTUDORISCA Peristome /broadly:expanded 325.220) 0 2h), eee eee eee jimenoi Peristome not broadly expanded. Notch at the posterior angle of aperture scarcely perceptible.. camoensis Notch at the posterior angle of aperture well developed. Shell broadly conic peered 2: 5! es ke ae ee agassizi Shell broadlyiovatesec. 22a Dh ee catenata CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 311 ANNULARIA (EUTUDORISCA) JIMENOI ([Arango] Pfeiffer) PLATE 34, Figure 1 1864. Cistula jimenot [Arango] Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 11, p. 160. 1867. Cyclostoma jimenot ARANGo, Repert fisico natural Isla de Cubana, p. 75. 1920. Eutudora (Eutudorisca) jimenoi HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 78. Shell broadly conic, almost turbinate, flesh colored with inter- rupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls almost 2, well rounded, microscopically granulose, except for the last portion of the last turn, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls strongly inflated, strongly rounded, marked by feeble incre- mental lines and by strong spiral threads, of which 8 occur on the first whorl, 9 on the second, 14 on the third, and 15 on the last between the summit and suture; the addition of the spiral threads always begins in an inconspicuous manner, and as the shell increases the threads increase in size. The spiral thread at the summit is feebly crenu- lated, and some of the others show mere indications of minute nodules, Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base inflated, strongly rounded, narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by 11 spiral threads and by incremental lines; the latter render the summit of the spiral threads feebly nodulose. The umbilical wall is marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by 18 spiral threads, the junction of the two rendering the spiral threads serrated. Aperture broadly oval; peristome simple, broadly expanded, notched on the parietal wall near the posterior angle to fit the preceding turn, to which it is adnate, and to leave a breathing space when the opercu- lum is withdrawn. Operculum typically annularid. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 356369, is a cotype collected by Arango at the ancient Ingenio San Luis, Jaruco, Habana Province. It has 5.7 whorls and measures: Length, 16.9 mm.; greater diameter, 14.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 9.9 mm. This species seems to range through the surrounding hills extending from a little west of Tapaste to Jaruco. The animal of this species was collected by Bartsch on July 28, 1928. He describes it as follows: Animal short, upper surface darker than the rest, marked by numerous white dots. A ring about the base of the tentacles is almost white. There is a short pinkish streak immediately behind this; sides of body smoke gray with a bluish tinge, a little paler than the dorsum. Tentacles white at base, the rest orange tipped with brownish buff. Sole of the foot same color as the sides. The animal when at rest suspends itself by a mucous thread, 312 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ANNULARIA (EUTUDORISCA) CAMOENSIS, new species PLATE 34, FIGURE 2 Shell very broadly conic, pale orange, with a little paler tip and with interrupted spiral bands of brown; the peristome is pale yellow, while the interior of the aperture is orange. Nuclear whorls amost 2, well rounded, microscopically granulose, except for the last portion of the last turn, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls strongly inflated, strongly rounded, marked by incremental lines and by 8 spiral threads on the first and second turns, 13 on the third, and 20 on the last. The first two spirals near the summit are rendered finely serrated by the axial threads. The spiral threads vary in strength, the intercalated ones being always weaker than the stronger ones, between which they occur. Suture strongly impressed. Periphery strongly rounded. Base rather short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by 21 spiral threads of varying strength, those near the umbilicus being finely denticulated. The umbilical wall is marked by rather rough incremental lines, which assume almost the strength of axial riblets, and by 20 spiral threads. Last whorl solute for about one-fifth of a turn. Aperture broadly ovate; peristome simple, moderately broad, flaringly reflected, narrower on the posterior half than the anterior. Operculum typically annularid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356370, was collected by Mr. Henderson at Loma de Camoa, Habana Province. It has 5.6 whorls and measures: Length, 15.2 mm.; greater diameter, 11.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 9.3 mm. ANNULARIA (EUTUDORISCA) AGASSIZI ([{Charpentier] Pfeiffer) PLATE 34, Figure 4 1852. Cistula agassizii [Charpentier] Prrtrrnr, Catalogue of Phaneropneu- mona... in the British Museum, p. 183. 1853. Cyclostoma agassizii PreirrerR, Martini-Chemnitz Conchylien Cabinet, vol. 1, sect. 19, pp. 280-281, pl. 38, figs. 1, 2. 1863. Chondropoma agassizit REEVE, Conchologia iconica, No. 64. 1920. Eutudora (Eutudorella) agassizii HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 78. Shell almost turbinate, yellow, with the peristome and the interior a little paler, and with the spire and base marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown, which are narrow and distantly spaced. Nuclear whorls almost 2, well rounded, microscopically granulose, except the last portion of the last turn, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by sublamellar spiral threads, of which 8 occur on the first and second turns, and 15 on the last between summit and suture. The spiral threads near the summit show indications of fine serrations due to their being crossed by lines of growth. Suture narrowly channeled, CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 313 strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by 7 spiral threads, which equal those on the spire in strength. The anterior half of the base is marked by slender axial riblets, which extend into the umbilicus, and which at their crossing with the spiral threads render these slightly crenulose; within the umbilicus 12 spiral threads are present, which likewise render the axial riblets crenulated. Last whorl solute for about one-fifth of a turn. Aperture broadly ovate; peristome simple, moderately expanded, slightly scalloped on the inner lip and deeply, obliquely notched on the parietal wall near the posterior angle to form a breathing space. Operculum typically annularid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356373, was collected by Mr. Henderson at Loma de Candela, Habana Province. It has 5.1 whorls and meas- ures: Length, 10.2 mm.; greater diameter, 9.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. ANNULARIA (EUTUDORISCA) CATENATA (Gould) Shell broadly ovate, flesh colored with a buffish tinge; the spiral keels are marked with interrupted spots of brown. The interior of the aperture is the same as the exterior. Nuclear whorls 2, well rounded, microscopically granulose, except for the last portion of the last turn, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by sublamellar spiral cords, of which 7 occur on the first, 10 on the second, and 14 on the last. The axial sculpture consists of incremental lines, which render the first 2 or 3 spiral threads next the summit slightly nodulose. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by 6 spiral threads, which are a trifle stronger than those on the spire; on the umbilical wall the axial sculpture assumes the strength of slender riblets, and the spiral threads are reduced in size and spacing, 19 of them being present in the typical race and 11 in A. (£.) catenata blanesi. The junction of the axial riblets with the spiral threads forms slender nodules. The last whorl is solute for one-fifth of a turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome simple, only slightly expanded. Operculum typically annularid. This species is rather widely distributed in Matanzas Province, ranging from Limonar to Coliseo to Cardenas. We are recognizing two subspecies, which the following key will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (EUTUDORISCA) CATENATA Spiral threads on umbilical wall many, closely spaced______________ catenata Spiral threads on umbilical wall few, distantly spaced____.___________ blanesi 314 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ANNULARIA (EUTUDORISCA) CATENATA CATENATA (Gould) PLATE 34, FIGURE 7 1843. Cyclostoma catenatum Gouup, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, p. 138. 1847. Chondropoma catenatum PruirrEeR, Zeitschr. Malak., vol. 4, p. 109. 1852. Cistula catenatum PreirrerR, Catalogue of Phaneropneumona.. . in the British Museum, pp. 182-183. 1920. Tudora (Eutudorisca) catenata HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 78. This race extends from Limonar through Coliseo. It is larger than A. (£.) catenata blanesi, and it has many more spiral threads on the umbilical wall, 19 being present in the specimen figured, while A. (£.) catenata blanesi shows only 11. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 493490, was collected by Bartsch on a limestone bluff near the rifle range at Limonar. It has 5.5 whorls and measures: Length, 12.5 mm.; greater diameter, 8.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. The animal of this species, collected at the rifle range 2 miles south of Limonar July 23, 1928, is described by Bartsch as having a short body, the entire animal being buff except for a dark band across the head immediately in front of the tentacles, behind which there is a pinkish flush. Tentacles orange, except for a dark short streak on the dorsal side near the base; the extreme tip, which is slightly stouter than the part preceding, is brownish. Sole of the foot deeply medially cleft, of the same color asthe body. The motion of the foot is alternate on the two sides. The animal when at rest suspends itself by a mucous thread. ANNULARIA (EUTUDORISCA) CATENATA BLANESI, new subspecies PLATE 34, FicureE 3 This is a small race from Cardenas. It also has much fewer spiral threads on the umbilical wall. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 493491, has 5.1 whorls and measures: Length, 10.4 mm.; greater diameter, 7.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.8 mm. Subgenus DiPLopoma Pfeiffer 1859. Diplopoma PrEirFER, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 6, p. 73. Shell varying from elongate-ovate to elongate-conic. Postnuclear whorls marked by sublamellar axial riblets and spiral threads. Oper- culum with a broad calcified lamella, which bends obliquely outward to almost parallel the basal plate on its outer half. This lamella is reenforced by numerous strong, obliquely retractively curved, slender lamellae. Type: Annularia (Diplopoma) architectonica ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer). CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH O15 KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS DIPLOPOMA Axial ribs fused in groups to form broad hollow tufts at the summit. Outer peristome broad. IRerish@me; AQMAtE eo. pe ees Spel Se ee ont he ee torrei Reristome somites — 2s g8 eee = Re NE 2 2, ramsdeni Outen penistome NAaTTO Wee ee eee eae ok ee eae architectonica Axial ribs not fused in groups to form broad hollow tufts at the summit. Axial sculpture well developed. Spiral ceulpture obsolete on spire.== 8. J. 20 ee sk pilsbryi Spiral sculpture not obsolete on spire___-_-------------- songoensis Amalisculpture obsclete:d sr —teaerclris geht oe ee oe ee obsoleta ANNULARIA (DIPLOPOMA) TORREI (Ramsden) PLATE 35, FIcuRE 1 1915. Diplopoma torret RamspmEN, Nautilus, vol. 28, pp. 34-35. 1920. Diplopoma torrei HenNDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 80. Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored, straw colored, or pale brown, marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls 2, well rounded, microscopically granulose, the last portion of the last turn showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by almost vertical or slightly retractively curved axial riblets, which are frequently hollow. These riblets are gathered into tufts at the summit, 2 to 8 forming a tuft, the tufts being rather irregular in width and spacing; of these axial ribs, 48 occur on the first, 58 on the second, 82 on the third, 124 on the fourth, and 204 on the last in the specimen described and figured. The spiral sculpture consists of rather strong threads, which render the axial riblets slightly nodulose at their junction. Of these threads, 5 occur on the second, 6 on the third, and 9 on the remaining turns between summit andsuture. + Suture'moderately constricted. Periph- ery well rounded. Base short, well rounded, narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 5 strong spiral threads, which render the axial ribs conspicuously nodu- lose. The axial ribs extend feebly upon the umbilical wall where 11 additional spiral threads are visible, which also render the axial ribs nodulose at their junction. The last whorl has the outer peristome adnate to the preceding turn. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded, fluted, forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle and marked by concentric laminae. Operculum typically diplopomid. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 356501, is a cotype received from Dr. Torre and it was collected by Dr. Ramsden at Ojo de Agua, near Filipinas, Guanténamo, Oriente Province. It 316 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 has a little over 5 whorls and measures: Length, 13.7 mm.; greater diameter, 7.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.6 mm. This species is easily distinguished from the rest by its broadly expanded peristome and by having the parietal wall of the peristome adnate to the preceding turn instead of being solute. ANNULARIA (DIPLOPOMA) RAMSDENI, new species PLATE 35, FIGURE 7 Shell very large, elongate-conic, chestnut-brown, with the summit of the turns soiled white. The umbilical wall and the peristome are white with a faint yellowish tinge, which is also the color of the in- terior of the aperture. Nuclear whorls decollated except for the last portion of the last turn, which is well rounded and minutely granulose. Postnuclear turns moderately well rounded, marked by rather strong, slightly wavy, almost vertical or slightly retractively curved, sub- lamellar axial ribs, which become fused at the summit to form strong, broad denticles which project greatly above the sutural line; 2 to 8 of the ribs may be united into a single denticle. Of the axial ribs, 37 occur on the first of the remaining turns, 41 on the second, 60 on the third, 112 on the fourth, 166 on the fifth, and 235 on the last. In addition to the axial ribs, the whorls are marked by quite strongly developed spiral cords, which render the junction with the axial ribs slightly scalloped. The spiral sculpture is absent on the first turn; on the second and third 7 cords are present, on the fourth, 9; while the fifth and last have 12. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, well rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and 9 spiral cords, equaling those of the spire in strength. On the umbilical wall 10 spiral cords are present, which grow consecutively stronger from the inner toward the outside, and which render the axial ribs nodulose. The last whorl is solute for about one-fifth of a turn, with a decided carina at the posterior angle, above which the axial ribs extend as strong cusps. Aperture almost circular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and slightly reflected; the outer thickened, rather broadly expanded, fluted all around except at the posterior angle, where it forms a con- spicuous auricle, and marked by concentric laminae. Operculum typically diplopomid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535637, was collected by Dr. Ramsden at La Pujanza, Monte Toro, northwest of Guanténamo, Oriente Prov- ince. It has 6.2 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 21.3 mm.; greater diameter, 13.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 9.3 mm. Its splendid size will differentiate it from all the other Diplopomas. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH ee nad. ANNULARIA (DIPLOPOMA) ARCHITECTONICA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Shell very elongate-conic, flesh colored, straw colored, or slightly pinkish. Nuclear whorls almost 2, well rounded, microscopically eranulose, the last portion of the last turn showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by retractively slanting, rather closely spaced, somewhat wavy axial riblets, of which 4 to 10 are gathered into broad hollow cusps at the summit; these cusps are separated by narrow intervals of shorter ribs; the spiral sculpture consists of low rounded threads. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, openly umbili- cated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by spiral threads. Last whorl solute for almost half a turn. The umbilical wall is marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by spiral threads, the junctions of which here and on the anterior portion of the base form feeble scallops. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted and moderately reflected; the outer moderately expanded, forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle. Operculum typically diplopomid. This species occupies parts of Oriente Province, where it breaks up into the subspecies noted below. KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (DIPLOPOMA) ARCHITECTONICA Sculpture strongly developed. AMAlinibsfinerangd closelyispaced= 22 222 lbs 9 i eee es libanoensis Axial ribs not fine and more distantly spaced_-_--_-------~- architectonica Senlapireteebin, developed’ 22 2s 20 8 oa eee ees tanamensis ANNULARIA (DIPLOPOMA) ARCHITECTONICA LIBANOENSIS, new subspecies Puate 35, Figure 8 This subspecies appears to range from Monte Toro through Monte Libano to Monte Verde, north of Guantaénamo, Oriente Province. The smaller size and greater number of axial ribs will readily dis- tinguish this from A. (D.) architectonica architectonica. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356449, was collected by Henderson and Bartsch on Guaso River, Monte Libano, Guanténamo, Oriente Prov- ince. It has a little over 4 whorls and measures: Length, 14.0 mm.; greater diameter, 7.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.7 mm. ANNULARIA (DIPLOPOMA) ARCHITECTONICA ARCHITECTONICA ({(Gundlach Pfeiffer) PuaTtE 35, FIGURE 3 1859. Cyclostoma (Diplopoma) architectonicum (Gundlach) PreirrEeR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 7, p. 73. 1861. Diplopoma architectonicum BLanp, Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vol. i Deals 318 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 1920. Diplopoma architectonicum HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, pp. 79, 80. This subspecies comes from the region of Yateras, northeast of Guanténamo. It is larger than A. (D.) architectonica libanoensis and it has the axial ribs coarser and more distantly spaced. Of these ribs, 58 occur on the first of the remaining turns, 96 on the second, 124 on the third, 162 on the fourth, and 188 on the last. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 356495, is one of five received from Poey collected at Yateras by Gundlach. It has a little over 5 whorls and measures: Length, 18.2 mm.; greater diameter, 8.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. Gundlach states of this subspecies (Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 7, p. 78, 1859): ‘Found on cliffs at Yateras. Animal white with rosy suffusion on the neck. Feelers rose or almost cinnabar red with grayish apex. Some dark dots are present on the head.”’ ANNULARIA (DIPLOPOMA) ARCHITECTONICA TANAMENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 35, FIGuRE 2 This is the northern representative of the species. This race is easily distinguished from the other two by its much enfeebled sculp- ture. The specimen which we have described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 57324, was collected by Arango at Ingenio el Coco, about 3 miles southeast of Sagua de Ténamo. The type has 70 axial riblets on the first of the remaining turns, 98 on the second, 118 on the third, and 196 on the last. It has a little over 4 whorls and measures: Length, 13.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.7 mm. ANNULARIA (DIPLOPOMA) PILSBRYI, new species PLATE 35, FIGURE 6 Shell small, thin, clongate-ovate, semitranslucent, straw colored; early whorls decollated, those remaining strongly rounded, marked by strong, rather distantly spaced, lamellar axial ribs, the ribs extending prominently above the suture as conspicuous expanded auricles, but not fusing into tufts. Of these ribs 34 are present on the first of the remaining turns, 95 on the second and third, 139 on the fourth, and 88 on the last eight-tenths of a whorl. The spiral sculpture is obsolete on all the turns on the spire. On the base, however, there are 6 cords, which grow consecutively stronger from the anterior backward, the last forming decided scallops. The umbilical wall is marked by 14 spiral threads, which render the axial riblets elongatedly nodulose. Suture strongly constricted, bridged over by the riblets at the summit. Periphery strongly rounded. Base moderately long, strongly rounded. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 319 The last whorl is solute for one-fifth of a turn, the posterior angle of the solute portion is not conspicuously denticulate. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted; the outer broadly expanded on the outer and inner lip, less so on the parietal wall. Oper- culum typically diplopomid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535638, was collected by Dr. Ramsden at Vereda de Mata Yeguas, Sierra de Bucuey, Oriente Province. It has 4.7 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.8 mm.; greater diameter, 7.0 mm; lesser diameter, 5.5 mm. The absence of tufting at the summit, the broadly expanded outer lip, stronger axial ribs and obsolete spiral sculpture will differentiate this from the other species. ANNULARIA (DIPLOPOMA) SONGOENSIS, new species PLaTE 35, Fiaure 5 Shell elongate-ovate, pale brown, with the early whorls chestnut- brown. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Post- nuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by slender, sinuous, sub- lamellar axial ribs, which are expanded at the summit but which do not form tufts. Of these, 48 occur on the first of the remaining turns, 61 on the second, 126 on the third, and 122 are on the last. In addition to this, the whorls are marked by fine spiral threads, which render the axial ribs sinuous. These are absent on the first of the remaining turns, 5 are present on the second, 8 on the third, and 9 on the last between summit and suture. Suture well constricted. Periph- ery well rounded. Base narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by 6 spiral threads. Nine addi- tional threads, stronger than those on the base, are present on the outer two-thirds of the umbilical wall. The last whorl is solute for about one-fourth of a turn. The posterior angle, while carinated, is not marked by conspicuous auricles. Aperture broadly oval; peri- stome double, the inner rather strongly exserted and slightly reflected; the outer broadly expanded except on the parietal wall, where it is a little narrower, forming a feeble auricle at the posterior angle, fluted and marked by concentric laminae. Operculum typically diplopomid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535639, was collected by Dr. Ramsden at Florida Blanca near Alto Songo, Oriente Province. It has 4.8 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.6 mm. ; lesser diameter, 5.3 mm. This species belongs to the group without tufts at the summit and it is distinguished from the other members of the same group by its comparatively strong axial and spiral sculpture. We have seen additional specimens also collected by Dr. Ramsden at La Lechuza between Ajenjibre and Joturos, Oriente Province. 320 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ANNULARIA (DIPLOPOMA) OBSOLETA, new species PLATE 35, FiauRE 4 Shell elongate-ovate, thin, translucent, pale yellow. Nuclear whorls decollated in our specimens. Postnuclear whorls somewhat inflated, well rounded, marked by distantly spaced axial riblets on the early turns, which on the later whorls become quite obsolete, being prominent only at the suture in the shape of slender expanded auricles. The spiral sculpture appears entirely absent. Suture well constricted. Periphery somewhat inflated, well rounded. Base moderately long, openly umbilicated, marked by a continuation of the axial ribs, and by 9 spiral threads on the umbilical wall. The last whorl is solute for about one-fourth of a turn, with a slightly denticulate carina at the posterior angle. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted and reflected; the outer broadly expanded, slightly fluted, and marked by concentric laminae, which are a little narrower on the parietal wall than on the rest. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535641, probably a male, was collected by Dr. Ramsden at La Cueva, Diego Cobas, Majaguabos, Oriente Province. It has 5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.3 mm.; greater diameter, 5.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.2 mm. Dr. de la Torre’s collection contains another specimen from the same locality which is considerably larger, evidently a female. A female specimen, U.S.N.M. No. 535642, collected by Dr. Ramsden at Subida a La Campana por Reuter, has 4.3 whorls and measures: Length, 11.4 mm.; greater diameter, 6.5 mm; lesser diameter, 5.2 mm. The exceeding thinness and translucence of the shell, combined with the obsolete sculpture, will differentiate this from the other species of the genus. JUANNULARIA, new subgenus Annularias with elongate-ovate shell; strong sublamellar spiral cords as well as the spaces between them are crossed by numerous closely crowded, fine axial threads, which render the spiral cords finely denticulated. Peristome double. Operculum typically annu- larid. Type: Annularia (Juannularia) perplicata (Gundlach). KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS JUANNULARIA PUEURPUE GNC LEST CY en ne ey ret et ge em perplicata Butire not: channeled . o-oo a ee arguta ANNULARIA (JUANNULARIA) PERPLICATA (Gundlach) PLATE 37, Figure 5 1857. Cyclostoma (Choanopoma) perplicatum Gunpuacn, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 4, pp. 177-178. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 321 1865. Choanopoma perplicatum PrriIrreR, Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium, suppl. 2, p. 103. 1920. Annularia (Annularia) perplicata HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 73. 1924. Chondropoma perplicatum BakER, Nautilus, vol. 39, p. 90. Shell elongate-conic, pale yellow, with the early whorls pale chestnut- brown, the rest pale yellow, which is also the color of the peristome. Nuclear whorls 1.5, inflated, well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a blunt apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by slender, retractively slanting, sublamellar axial riblets, of which 96 occur on the first turn, 116 on the second, 150 on the third, and 172 on the last. The spiral sculpture consists of strong cords, of which 6 are present on the first, 7 on the second, and 8 on the remaining turns between the summit and the suture. These cords are not all of exactly the same strength or spacing. ‘The first of them is at the summit of the turns. The axial riblets, in joining the cords, form strongly elongated, narrow nodules, while the spaces enclosed between them are more or less rectangular areas. Suture strongly constricted, channeled. Periphery well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, narrowly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by 5 spiral threads. Within the umbilicus are 4 additional spiral threads, which are a little less strong. The junctions of the axial riblets and spiral threads on the base and in the umbilicus also form slender nodules. The last whorl is solute for about one-sixth of a turn. Aperture broadly ovate; peristome double, the inner scarcely exserted, reflected over and appressed to the outer; the outer moderately, broadly expanded, a little narrower on the parietal wall, forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, somewhat produced at the junction of the outer and basal lip, and marked by a series of concentric Jamellae. Operculum typically annularid. U.S.N.M. No. 355893 contains 2 specimens collected by Gundlach at Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province. The larger of these we have de- scribed and figured. It has a little over 4 whorls and measures: Length, 10.2 mm.; greater diameter, 6.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.8 mm. ANNULARIA (JUANNULARIA) ARGUTA Pfeiffer Shell elongate-conic, pale yellow. Nuclear whorls a little more than 2, inflated, strongly rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a pupoid apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by sublamellar, retractively slanting axial riblets. Im addition to these axial riblets, the whorls are marked by strong spiral keels, of which the first at the summit is weaker than the rest. These spiral keels are separated by broad, concave channels, the width of which is about four times that of the keels. The junctions of the axial ribs 322 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 and the spiral keels form slender elongated nodules having their long axis parallel with the axial sculpture, while the spaces enclosed between them are almost impressed lines about twice as wide as the axial ribs. Suture strongly constricted, but not channeled. Periph- ery well rounded, Base moderately long, strongly ;rounded, very narrowly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by strong spiral keels; several less strong spiral keels are present within the umbilical area. Here, as on the spire, the junction of the axial and spiral sculpture forms weak tubercles. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner scarcely exserted and re- flected; the outer moderately broadly expanded, a little narrower on the inner lip than the outer. Operculum typically annularid. This species ranges through the region about Santiago, Oriente Province, and a number of the keys of the Doce Leguas group. KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (SUANNULARIA) ARGUTA Spiral cords between summit and suture 5______-------------------- arguta Spiral cords between summit and suture 6___--------------------- insularis ANNULARIA (JUANNULARIA) ARGUTA ARGUTA (Pfeiffer) PLATE 37, FIGURE 4 1858. Ctenopoma argutum Prrirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 5, pp. 188-189. 1858. Chondropoma argutum PrEIFFrER, Monographia pneumonopomorum viven- tium, suppl. 1, pp. 1388-139. 1878. Chondropoma elongatum ARranco, Contribucion a la fauna malacologica Cubana, p. 10. This subspecies comes from the region of Santiago, Oriente Province. It is easily distinguished from A. (J.) arguta insularis by the fact that it has one less spiral keel, that is 5, between the summit and the suture, and on the base. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355896, was collected by Gundlach at Santiago. It has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 9.8 mm.; greater diameter, 5.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.6 mm. ANNULARIA (JUANNULARIA) ARGUTA INSULARIS, new subspecies PLATE 37, Figure 6 Bartsch collected this race on Cachiboca Cay and Cayo de Cruz, both of the Doce Leguas group, off the south coast of Camagiiey Province. It differs from typical A. (J.) arguta arguta in having the extra spiral keel between the suture and on the base. The axial riblets are also a little stronger and less closely spaced than in the typical race. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 323 The type, U.S.N.M. No. 391832, comes from Cachiboca Cay. It has 3.9 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.0 mm.; greater diameter, 5.4 mm.; lesser diameter, 4.7 mm. Subgenus ANNULARITA Henderson and Bartsch 1920. Annularita HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 73. Shell ovate-conic, marked by both axial riblets and spiral threads. Peristome not expanded into a broad thin disk, but much thickened, slightly flattening to a thin edge. Operculum typically annularid. Type: Annularia (Annularita) majuscula (Morelet). ANNULARIA (ANNULARITA) MAJUSCULA (Morelet) Shell very large, elongate-ovate, varying in color from white through flesh color to pale yellow to buff; unicolor, or banded with interrupted spiral bands of brown, zigzag or arrow-shaped markings, depending upon the race to which the subspecies in question may belong. The base is as variable in coloring as the spire; the peristome as a rule is a little paler than the rest of the shell, unicolor, or rayed. Nuclear whorls almost 2, smooth, well rounded, forming a small apex. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by almost vertical or slightly retractively slanting axial riblets, which vary greatly in strength in the different races. Some of these riblets become pro- jected and fused at quite regular intervals at the summit, lending to the summit a strongly denticulated aspect. The strength of this denticulation likewise varies materially in the different subspecies. The spiral sculpture consists of threads, which also vary from almost obsolete to quite strong in the various races. Periphery of the last whorl strongly rounded. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets or by lines of growth and spiral threads, which vary very much in strength in the different races. The umbilicus is moderately open and the umbilical wall is marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by obsolete or a little stronger spiral threads. The last whorl may be appressed or very slightly solute at the aperture. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner reflected and appressed to the outer, sometimes almost coextensive with it; the outer moderately broadly expanded, thick, forming an inconspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, wider on the outer and basal lip than on the parietal wall, marked by con- centric threads. In the male the outer lip is concave below the sum- mit. Operculum with the nucleus halfway between subcentral and submarginal, having a strong obliquely slanting lamella, which is reinforced by oblique threads. This species ranges over the eastern half of the mountains of Pinar del Rio Province from Guajaibén La Cumbre to Candelaria. It 223580—40-—13 324 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 breaks up into a number of subspecies in this range, descriptions of which follow: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARITA) MAJUSCULA Outer peristome greatly thickened. Auricle at the posterior angle of the aperture conspicuous. Parietal wall of aperture detached from preceding whorl__-_-__- narcisi Parietal wall of aperture not detached from the preceding NOL LR Es EE Oe Ee oe ee eres cumbrensis Auricle at the posterior angle of the aperture not conspicuous. Outer peristome of inner lip broad___---~-.---.-+----+=- majuscula Outer peristome of inner lip not broad. Outer lip very greatly thickened_______-----_----- crassilabris Outer lip not very greatly thickened____-_-__.____.-----. macta Outer peristome not greatly thickened. Shell large, length of decollated shell more than 31 mm_________- excelsa Shell small, length of decollated shell less than 25 mm_--_-_-_- catalinensis ANNULARIA (ANNULARITA) MAJUSCULA NARCISI, new subspecies PLATE 36, FIGURE 3 This subspecies comes from the limestone blocks adjacent to Candelaria, Pinar del Rio Province. It is readily distinguished from the others by having a decided auricle at the posterior angle and by the parietal wall usually being free, leaving a depression between it and the preceding turn. The peristome of the outer lip is also im- mensely thickened and it extends back for some distance. By the presence of the auricle it suggests A. (A). majuscula cumbrensis. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356227, was collected near the Escuela de Frias, Candelaria. It is an almost complete specimen having 6.0 whorls remaining and measuring: Length, 26.0 mm.; greater diameter, 14.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 12.5 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULARITA) MAJUSCULA CUMBRENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 36, FIaurE 7 This race comes from La Cumbre, north of San Diego de los Bafios, Pinar del Rio Province. In shape, color pattern, and thickened outer peristome it resembles typical A. (A.) majuscula majuscula. Its small size and rather conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle of the aperture will distinguish it from that race. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356206, has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 27.0 mm.; greater diameter, 18.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 14.6 mm. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 325 ANNULARIA (ANNULARITA) MAJUSCULA MAJUSCULA (Morelet) PLATE 36, FIGURE 6 1851. Cyclostoma majusculum Moreet, Testacea novissima insulae Cubana et Americae Centralis, pt. 2, p. 19. 1852. Choanopoma majusculum PFEIFFER, Catalogue of Phaneropneumona.. . in the British Museum, p. 109. 1920. Annularia (Annularita) majuscula HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 73. This subspecies was described by Morelet from Pan de Guajaibén, Pinar del Rio Province. It is a large race with greatly thickened reflected peristome. It is readily distinguished from the other race, which comes from the extreme height of Guajaibén, by its less conic form and by the thickening of the outer lip. The specimen figured, U.S.N.M. No. 356208, one of a series, has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 30.5 mm.; greater diameter, 19.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 15.4 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULARITA) MAJUSCULA CRASSILABRIS, new subspecies PLATE 36, FIGURE 2 This race comes from Cafetal La Villa, and Rio Hondo, Lomas de Candelaria, Pinar del Rio Province. In this subspecies the outer lip is very greatly thickened, in which respect it suggests A. (A.) majus- cula narcisi, from which, however, it can at once be distinguished by the absence of the auricle at the posterior angle. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356219, has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 25.4 mm.; greater diameter, 16.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 13.7 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULARITA) MAJUSCULA MACTA (Poey) PLATE 36, FiauRE 1 1852. Cyclostoma mactum Pory, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 1, pp. 97, 444, pl. 8, figs. 6-12. This race extends over the Sierra Limones and the region of Rangel and Santa Cruz River, Pinar del Rio Province. It differs from A. (A.) majuscula majuscula in having the outer peristome of the inner lip much narrower and not very greatly thickened. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 566221, comes from Rangel. It has 3.5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 27.8 mm.; greater diameter, 18.8 mm.; lesser diameter, 15.3 mm. 326 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ANNULARIA (ANNULARITA) MAJUSCULA EXCELSA, new subspecies PLATE 36, Figure 5 This race comes from the extreme height of Pan de Guajaibén, Pinar del Rio Province. It is distinguished from the typical A. (A.) majuscula majuscula by beng much more elongate-conic, that is, slender, and by Jacking the immense thickening of the peristome; in this subspecies the peristome is rather sharp. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535594, has 5.0 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 37.8 mm.; greater diameter, 21.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 16.8 mm. ANNULARIA (ANNULARITA) MAJUSCULA CATALINENSIS, new subspecies PuatTe 36, Fiactre 4 This subspecies comes from La Catalina, between Pan de Guajaibén and the Sierra de La Giira, Pinar del Rio Province. We have also seen it from the Mogote del Bosque and Mogote del Indio on the east side of the Rio San Diego. It is a small race, with a thin outer peristome. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 356215, has 3.6 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 21.1 mm.; greater diameter, 14.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 10.6 mm. Subgenus TROSCHELVINDEX H. B. Baker 1924. Troschelvinder H. B. Baxsrr, Nautilus, vol. 37, p. 90. Shell elongate-conic, marked by rounded axial ribs and by spiral cords, the combination forming a fenestrated pattern. Some of the axial ribs are gathered into conspicuous tufts at the summit. Peri- stome double. Operculum typically annularid. Type: Annularia (Troschelvindex) candeana (Orbigny). Dr. Baker, loc. cit., reestablished the fact mentioned by Troschel that the rachidian tooth of the radula in ‘“‘Cyclostoma illustre Poey”’ had an extra minute denticle on each side of the central cusp, sug- gesting affinity with the European Pomatias. He therefore placed all of the American annularids in the family Pomatiasidae. The mere presence of an extra ultra-reduced denticle in one or two species hardly leads us to concur with him in this arrangement. Why may this not be a sport character whose variance from the norm may not represent genetic affinities? Cuba has a rather large assemblage of species which, in shape and sculpture of shell as well as in opercular characters, form a natural group. To this group we shall assign the name Troschelvindex. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 327 KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS TROSCHELVINDEX Shell cylindro-conic. Outer peristome broadly expanded. Quen Pemspome Payed.. s4) 2! SS ee Boe es tracta @uter’ peristome motirayed 22 23" 22 a oe jiguanensis Outer peristome not broadly expanded. Axial and spiral sculpture conspicuous___---_------------ candeana Axial and spiral sculpture subobsolete_-_--__---------------- inculta Shell not cylindro-conic. Shell elongate-conic. Junction of axial ribs and spiral cords forming cusps_----- arangiana Junction of axial ribs and spiral cords not forming cusps--_-- -- bebini Shell not elongate-conic but elongate-ovate. Sculpture decidedly reduced in strength. Tufts at the summit strongly developed_------------- barbouri Tufts at the summit feebly developed__---_-------------- minia Sculpture not decidedly reduced in strength. Inner lip of outer peristome crenulated__---..------------ rocai Inner lip of outer peristome not crenulated__---------- agrestis ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) TRACTA ([Gundlach] Peey) PLATE 37, FIGURE 7 1858. Cyclostoma tractum [Gundlach] Pory, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 2, p. 4, nomen nudum. 1858. Cyclostoma tractum [Gundlach] Pretrrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 5, p. 45. 1865. Choanopoma tractum [Gundlach] Prreirrer, Monographia pneumonopomo- rum viventium, suppl. 2, p. 102. 1920. Annularia (Annularia) tracta HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 73. Shell very cylindro-conic, flesh colored, with rather broad inter- rupted spiral bands of brown; the dots composing these bands are arranged in both axial and spiral series, which give to the shells a somewhat varicid appearance. Nuclear whorls decollated. Post- nuclear whorls well rounded, marked by feeble, slightly retractively slanting axial riblets, of which two or more are gathered into hollow denticles at the summit. The spiral sculpture consists of feeble threads a little stronger than the axial ribs, of which eight are present between the summit and the suture on the last turn. The junctions of the axial ribs and spiral threads scarcely form nodules, while the spaces enclosed between them are shallow, elongated pits having their long axis parallel with the axial sculpture. Suture well constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base rather long, scarcely rounded, narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and seven spiral threads, which are a trifle heavier than those on the spire. Seven additional spiral threads are present within the umbilicus. These are of about the same strength as those on the base. The spiral threads and the axial ribs on the base and in the 328 ; PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 umbilicus form feeble nodules. Aperture subcircular; peristome double, the outer broadly expanded, somewhat auriculated at the posterior angle and adnate to the preceding turn on the parietal wall, marked by a series of concentric lamellae; the inner slightly exserted and slightly reflected. Operculum typically annularid. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355878, was received from Poey and was collected by Gundlach at Quisa, Oriente Province. It has 5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 15.4 mm.; greater diameter, 7.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.8 mm. ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) JIGUANENSIS (Pfeiffer) Shell cylindro-conic, varying from flesh color to pale brown in ground color, with interrupted spiral bands of brown; the elements composing these bands are arranged in both axial and spiral series, but they are not regularly distributed, the spaces separating them varying greatly in width; the peristome may be rayed with brown or white, the brown markings when present coinciding with the external spiral bands, which show conspicuously in the aperture. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by slightly retractively slanting, rather closely spaced, threadlike axial riblets, of which two, three, four, or even more may be gathered together to form tufts at the summit. The spiral sculpture consists of threads about as strong as or a little stronger than the axial ribs. The junctions of these with the axial ribs form slender, elongated nodules, with their long axis parallel with the axial sculp- ture. These nodules lend to the axial riblets a somewhat wavy out- line. The spaces enclosed between the axial riblets and the spiral threads are oval pits having their long axis parallel with the axial sculpture. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, marked by spiral threads, which are a little stronger than those on the spire. Within the umbilicus additional spiral threads are present. The base is also marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which at their junction with the spiral threads on the base and on the umbilical wall form weak nodules. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and reflected; the outer well expanded, a little narrower on the parietal wall than on the rest, and slightly auriculated at the posterior angle, adnate to the outer on the outer lip. The species is confined to Oriente Province, where it breaks up into the several subspecies here defined: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) JIGUANENSIS Dash whovlisolute seen wh. an Ie Fa etora ty, pital dig mud eines manage jiguanensis Last whorl adnate. Oniter Peristome Tayeds yee ee eat Ol ee ee negrosensis Outer peristome not rayed_-s.- 2 ee bairensis CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 329 ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) JIGUANENSIS JIGUANENSIS (Pfeiffer) PLATE 37, FIGURE 2 1861. Choanopoma jiguanense Prrirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 8, p. 223. 1920. Annularia (Annularia) jiguanensis HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 73. This, the typical subspecies, comes from Jiguani, Oriente Province. It differs from A. (7.) jrguanensis negrosensis in being much paler and from A. (T7.) jiguanensis bairensis in having the axial riblets more slender and less strongly developed, and in having the peristome rayed. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355882, is one of five listed under that number. It has a little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.9 mm.; greater diameter, 7.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.6 mm. ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) JIGUANENSIS NEGROSENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 37, FIGURE 8 This subspecies comes from Alto de los Negros, Sierra Maestra Oriente Province. It agrees with the typical race in having the peri- stome rayed, but it has the axial ribs much stronger and the last whorl not solute, but adnate, to the preceding turn. The whole color scheme presents a marbled effect, and there are decided axial, almost zigzag, fulgurations of darker brown than the general colora- tion. There is also a mottling of flesh color, and the denticles at the summit are white. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535546, has 4.9 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.3 mm.; greater diameter, 7.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.5 mm. ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) JIGUANENSIS BAIRENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 37, FIGURE 9 This subspecies comes from Baire, southeast of Jiguani, Oriente Province. It has the last whorl adnate, in which respect it agrees with A. (T.) jiguanensis negrosensis, but it has the ribs a little more strongly developed and it lacks the radiating rays on the outer peri- stome. The color scheme approximates that of the typical race, but it is a little darker. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535548, has almost 5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.7 mm.; greater diameter, 7.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.9 mm. 330 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) CANDEANA (Orbigny) Shell cylindro-conic, varying from flesh color to pale brown in ground color, marked with interrupted spiral bands of brown, which vary materially in strength. The elements composing these bands are also arranged in axial series, so that not infrequently the axial dispo- sition of the color bands is more pronounced than the spiral. Peri- stome rayed. Nuclear whorls 2, inflated, strongly rounded, micro- scopically granulose, except for the last portion of the last turn, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. The post- nuclear whorls are well rounded, marked by retractively curved axial riblets, which vary considerably in strength and spacing. These riblets may form slender hollow cusps at the summit or 2 or 3 of them may be gathered to form a stronger tuft. The spiral sculpture consists of threads equaling the riblets in strength, and the combina- tion of the two gives to the shell a screenlike pattern. The junctions of the axial ribs and the spiral threads form scarcely perceptible nodules. Suture well constricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, well rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and by spiral threads equaling those on the spire, which continue the same type of pattern characterizing the spire. The last whorl is usually solute, though at times the outer peristome touches the preceding whorl. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner very strongly exserted and reflected; the outer expanded, of about the same width on the outer, basal, and inner lip, but narrower on the parietal wall. The inner lip is fluted and crenu- lated at the edge, while at the posterior angle the outer peristome forms a moderately strong auricle. Operculum typically annularid. This species is a rather common Cuban shell. It ranges from the eastern end of Pinar del Rio Province east to Santa Clara. Through- out its range it maintains a rather constant expression. It is only in the extreme eastern part of the range that we have sufficient differ- entiation to merit a subspecific designation. This species has been responsible for considerable controversy. First of all came the question as to whether or not candeana and illustris are synonymous; then the presence of the extra rachidian denticle on the radula raised a doubt as to whether the American species should constitute a distinct family from the European; we think they should. The characters differentiating the two races which we now recognize are set forth in the key and descriptions that follow: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) CANDEANA Denticles at summit very strongly developed________________-_------- fallax CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH sel ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) CANDEANA FALLAX, new subspecies PuLatEe 37, Figure 3 This subspecies occupies the region about Sagua la Grande, Santa Clara Province. It differs from the typical species in having many more ribs and spiral threads, and in having them very closely spaced, so that the combination instead of producing a fenestrated pattern yields small rounded pits between the ribs and the spiral cords. The denticles at the summit are much more strongly developed and em- brace more riblets. The peristome is usually adnate, and it is nar- rower than in the typical race. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535581, which comes from Loma Iradi at Sagua, Santa Clara Province, has 4.8 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.5 mm.; greater diameter, 6.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.4 mm, ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) CANDEANA CANDEANA (Orbigny) PuaTE 37, Fiaure 1 1842. Cyclostoma candeanum OrBIGNy, in Sagra’s Histoire physique, politique et naturelle de l’Ile de Cuba, vol. 1, pp. 261-262, pl. 22, figs. 15, 17. 1852. Cistula candeanum PreirreR, Conspectus cyclostomaceorum, pp. 42, 392. 1857. Cistula candeana TroscHEL, Das Gebiss der Schnecken zur Bergriindung einer natiirlichen Classification untersucht, vol. 1, p. 75, pl. 5, fig. 1 (Radula). 1858. Cyclostoma illustre Pory, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 1, pp. 1, 33, 89. 1878. Cistula illustris ARANao, Contribucion a la fauna malacologica Cubana, p. 23. 1920. Annularia illustris HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 73. 1924. Troschelvindex illustris BAKER, Natuilus, vol. 37, p. 90. 1935. Troschelvindex candeanum Aguayo, Mem. Soc. Cubana, Hist. Nat., vol. 9, pp. 1-5. This subspecies differs from the eastern race in usually being paler. in having the outer lip more expanded, more denticulated, and usually free from the parietal wall. Also the axial ribs and the spiral threads are more distantly spaced and the denticles at the summit are less numerous. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355908, is one received from Poey. It comes from the region of Habana, the type locality. It has 5.0 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.0 mm. ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) INCULTA (Poey) PLATE 38, FIguRE 7 1851. Cyclostoma incultum Pony, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 1, p. 98, pl. 8, figs. 3-5. 1861. Cistula inculta BLAND, Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, p. 27. 332 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 1863. Chondropoma incultum Rrnve, Conchologia iconica, No. 63. 1920. Annularia (Annularia) inculta HmeNpERSON and Bartscn, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 73. Shell cylindro-conic, pale buff, marked by interrupted spiral bands of brown; peristome unicolor. Nuclear whorls 1.7, strongly rounded, the first one and one-fourth smooth, the rest showing the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by closely spaced, rather broad, poorly developed, retractively slanting axial riblets, of which 92 occur on the first turn, 106 on the second, 120 on the third, and 90 on the last. On the last turn they are very much enfeebled, broadened and irregular, and almost obsolete. Two, 3, or even more of the riblets become fused at the summit to form conspicuous denticles. The spiral sculpture consists of rather broad, low, poorly developed threads, of which 9 occur on the first turn, 11 on the second, and 13 on the third, while on the last they are too poorly developed to be counted. The junction of the axial ribs and spiral threads scarcely forms nodules on the early whorls. The spaces enclosed between them are either mere lines or they are narrow rectangular pits having their long axis parallel with the axial sculpture. Suture moderately constricted. Periphery inflated, well rounded. Base moderately long, narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by the feeble continuation of the axial riblets and by 9 almost obsolete spiral threads, while within the umbilicus 10 additional feeble spiral threads are present. The last whorl is solute for about one-fifth of a turn. Aperture very broadly oval; peristome double, the inner scarcely at all exserted but strongly reflected and adnate to the outer almost entirely, except at the pos- terior angle; the outer only narrowly expanded, forming a feeble auricle at the summit. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 535550, is one of a series collected at La Vigia, Trinidad, Santa Clara Province. It has a little over 4 whorls and measures: Length, 15.5 mm.; greater diameter, 7.9 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.5 mm. ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) ARANGIANA ([Gundlach] Pfeiffer) Shell broadly elongate-conic, pale buff, variously spotted with inter- rupted spiral bands of brown; the dots composing these bands are not exactly arranged in axial and spiral series; peristome rayed. Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, marked by slender, retractively curved axial riblets, which may become expanded at the summit into hollow cusps, or sometimes two or more may fuse to form such a cusp. The spiral sculpture consists of slender threads, which render the axial ribs tuberculated, while the spaces enclosed between the axial ribs and the spiral threads are more or less square or rectangular areas. Suture strongly con- CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 333 stricted. Periphery well rounded. Base short, strongly rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and spiral threads. Within the umbilicus additional spiral threads considerably stronger than those on the outside are present. Aperture almost subcircular; peristome double, the inner moderately exserted and slightly reflected; the outer broadly expanded, somewhat fluted, and denticulated on the free margin. Operculum typically annularid. Three races of this species are before us, all from Oriente Province. The following key and descriptions will help to characterize them: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) ARANGIANA Axial ribs of last whorl very closely spaced________________________ arangiana Axial ribs of last whorl less closely spaced. Outer peristome very strongly fluted_______________________ cautoensis Outer peristome less strongly fluted__...._...-.__-.-._L__-2_- magistra ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) ARANGIANA ARANGIANA ([Gundlach] PLATE 38, FIGuRE 6 1857. Cyclostoma (Choanopoma) arangianum [Gundlach] Preirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 4, p. 177. 1920. Annularia (Annuiaria) arangiana HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 52, p. 73. The typical race comes from near Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province. It is smaller than the other two races here recognized and has the junctions of the axial ribs and spiral threads finer cusped; in that respect, it resembles A. (7.) arangiana magistra. The axial ribs in this form are more closely spaced than they are in A. (7.) arangiana magistra. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355887, is one of 2 collected by Gundlach at Juicaronear CaboCruz. Ithasa little more than 4 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 10.0 mm.; greater diameter, 6.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.7 mm. ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) ARANGIANA CAUTOENSIS, new subspecies PLATE 88, FicurE 2 1878. Choanopoma arangianum ARranao, Contribucion a la fauna malacologica Cubana, p. 11, in part. This subspecies was collected by Wright at Brazo de Cauto, Oriente Province. It is larger than the typical race, with the axial ribs much more distantly spaced and the junctions of these with the spiral threads less conspicuous. The outer peristome is conspicuously denticulated, particularly so on the outer margin of the inner lip. The denticles at the summit are also heavier than those of the typical race. » 334 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 The type, U.S.N.M. No. 355888, has a little more than 5 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 13.5 mm.; greater diameter, 7.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.7 mm. ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) ARANGIANA MAGISTRA, new subspecies PLATE 38, FIGURE 4 We have seen this race from Loma del Gato and from Buena Vista, south of Bayamo, both in the Sierra Maestra. It differs from the typical race in being much more conspicuously spinulose at the junc- tions of the axial riblets and spiral cords, and in having the outer peristome much more strongly fluted and much more denticulated on the inner lip. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535551, which comes from the Loma de Gato, has 5.6 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 12.8 mm.; greater diameter, 7.0 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.3 mm. ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) BEBINI (Arango) PLATE 38, FIGURE 9 1865. Choanopoma bebint ARANGO, in Pfeiffer, Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium, suppl. 2, pp. 100-101. 1920. Annularia (Annularia) bebini HENDERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 73. Shell very elongate-conic, flesh colored, with irregular dots and streaks of brown, the heaviest of which are usually on the spiral threads; the decollated end is brown and the peristome is conspicu- ously rayed with brown, corresponding to the dark spiral lines which are conspicuously shown within the aperture; the nuclear whorls are chestnut brown at the suture. Nuclear whorls 2.2, rather large, inflated, strongly rounded, forming a rather blunt apex, microscopi- cally granulose except for the last part, which shows the beginning of the postnuclear sculpture. Postnuclear whorls moderately well rounded, marked by slender, retractively slanting, rather closely spaced axial riblets, of which 2 or 3 become fused into small denticles at the summit. The spiral sculpture consists of spiral threads, which are a little stronger than the axial ribs. Of these 15 occur between the summit and the suture on the last turn. The junction of the axial riblets and the spiral threads does not form conspicuous nodules, but the pits between them give to the whorl a somewhat fenestrated pattern. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl strongly inflated, well rounded. Base rather short, moderately rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and 8 spiral threads. Eight additional spiral threads are present on the umbilical wall. The latter are a little stronger than those on the outside, while CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 335 those on the base are a little weaker than those on the spire. Aper- ture very broadly ovate; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and reflected, and fused with the outer on the outer and the basal lip ; the outer narrowly expanded, a little narrower on the parietal wall than on the rest, adnate to the preceding turn. Operculum typically annularid. The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355877, is a cotype collected by Arango at Lomas del Cuzco, Pinar del Rio. It has a little over 4 whorls and measures: Length, 13.7 mm.; greater diameter, 8.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.2 mm. ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) BARBOURI, new species PLATE 38, Ficure 5 Shell elongate-ovate, of flesh-colored ground color, marked by inter- rupted spiral bands of brown. The spots composing these give one the impression of ink spots diffusing laterally; that is, they are not sharply cut at the border. Nuclear whorls almost 2, well rounded, microscopically granulose, forming a slightly blunt, tapering apex. Postnuclear whorls increasing rapidly in size, inflated, strongly round- ed, and marked by slightly retractively slanting axial ribs, which are very faint on the middle of the turns, where they are almost obsolete, but which form very conspicuous, hollow tufts at the summit, either individually or by the diffusion of several riblets. The spiral sculp- ture consists of slender threads, which are also obsolete, and they look almost as if they were in the interior of the shell substance. The combination of the axial riblets and the spiral threads forms a netlike pattern. Suture channeled. Periphery decidedly inflated, strongly rounded. Base short, openly umbilicated, strongly rounded, marked by spiral threads, which increase in strength from the periphery anteriorly. The umbilicus is marked by the feeble continuation of the axial riblets, which are narrower at this point, and by a series of spiral cords, which increase in size from within toward the outside; the last two bordering the umbilicus are much stronger than the rest. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner exserted and slightly reflected; the outer broadly expanded, somewhat fluted and crenulated on the inner lip, forming a very conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle, and marked by concentric laminae. Operculum typically annularid. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535554, was collected by Drs. de la Torre and Barbour at Mina de Pozo Prieto, Alto de los Negros, Sierra Maestra. It is a complete specimen of 6.6 whorls and measures: Length, 14.3 mm.; greater diameter, 8.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.0 mm. 336 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) MINIA ([Gundiach] Poey) PLATE 38, Fiagure 1 1858. Cyclostoma minium [Gundlach] Porky, Memorias sobre la historia natural de la isla de Cuba, vol. 2, p. 4. 1861. Choanopoma minium Buanp, Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 7, p. 27. 1920. Annularia (Annularia) minium HENpERSON and Bartscu, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., vol. 58, p. 73. Shell thin, elongate-ovate, pale orange with the spiral bands flecked here and there with white; the cusps at the summit and the peristome are yellowish white. Nuclear whorls 2, well rounded, smooth, form- ing arather high apex. Postnuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by almost vertical axial riblets, which vary considerably in strength, and of which 2 or more unite at the summit into a slender hollow cusp. The spiral sculpture consists of slender threads, of which 9 occur between the summit and the suture on the last turn. The junctions of the axial riblets and spiral threads scarcely form nodules, but the impressed spaces between them give the shell an almost malleated aspect. Periphery strongly rounded. Base moder- ately long, strongly rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial riblets and by 8 spiral threads. Eight additional spiral threads are present on the umbilical wall, of which the outer 2 are much stronger than the rest. The last whorl is decidedly solute for about one-sixth of a turn. Aperture very broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and slightly reflected; the outer well expanded all around except on the parietal wall, where it is rather narrow, forming a conspicuous auricle at the posterior angle. The outer peristome is marked by thin, concentric lamellae. Operculum typically annularid. U.S.N.M. No. 355870 is a cotype collected by Gundlach at Guisa, Bayamo, Oriente Province. It has a little over 6 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 14.8 mm.; greater diameter, 8.2 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.2 mm. ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) ROCAI, new species PLATE 38, FIGuRE 3 Shell elongate ovate, of yellowish flesh color, with interrupted spiral bands of brown. Nuclear whorls thin, translucent, only the last one, which is smooth, remaining. Postnuclear whorls marked by numer- ous very narrow, slender, sublamellar axial riblets, of which 47 occur on the first turn and 120 on the last. In addition to this, the whorls are marked by spiral threads, of which the first 2 at the summit are much stronger than the rest. Here they cause the axial riblets to become somewhat expanded and reflected upward, while the rest cause the junctions of the two to form not very strong, elongated nodules, the long axis of which corresponds to the axial sculpture. CUBAN ANNULARIIDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 337 Of these spiral cords 11 are present between the summit and the periphery on the last whorl. Suture strongly constricted. Base short, inflated, strongly rounded, and marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, which extend into the umbilicus, becoming narrower, more lamellar, and more closely approximated on the umbilical wall. On the base 9 spiral cords are present, which also render the intersection with the ribs nodulose. The umbilical area is marked by 11 spiral cords, which cause the axial riblets at their junction with the cords to form very conspicuous, narrow, clawlike denticles. ‘The umbilicus is open and the last whorl is solute for about one-fifth of a turn. Aper- ture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted and reflected, and adnate to the outer on the outer and basal lips; less so on the inner lip. The outer peristome is broadly expanded, a little narrower at the junction of the basal and inner lips, decidedly fluted on the inner lip, conspicuously crenulated at its outer margin, forming a very strong reflected auricle at the posterior angle, and marked by concentric laminae. The type, U.S.N.M. No. 535557, was collected by Father Roca at Las Barraqueras, Hongolosongo, Oriente Province. It has 4.9 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 16.5 mm.; greater diameter, 10.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.8 mm. ANNULARIA (TROSCHELVINDEX) AGRESTIS (Pfeiffer) PLATE 38, FIGURE 8 1862. Cistula agrestis PrrirreR, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 7, p. 216. Shell rather stout, elongate-ovate, of buff color with obsolete, interrupted spiral bands. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls strongly inflated and strongly rounded, marked by somewhat irregular, retractively slanting, slender axial riblets, which are moder- ately distantly spaced on the early turns, but which become more crowded as the shell increases in size. Of these riblets 76 occur on the first turn, 98 on the second, 114 on the third, and 156 on the last. At irregular intervals some of these riblets become expanded into hollow denticles at the summit, or 2 or 3 of them may join together to form a stronger denticle. The spiral sculpture consists of moder- ately broad threads, of which 9 occur on the first and second, 13 on the third, and 14 on the last turn between the summit and the suture. The junctions of the axial ribs and spiral cords form rather strong tubercles. The spiral threads aré not all of the same strength, and the resulting tubercles therefore also differ in strength. Suture strongly constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base short, in- flated, strongly rounded, openly umbilicated, marked by the contin- uation of the axial ribs, which extend into the umbilicus, and by 7 spiral threads of about the same strength as those on the spire, 338 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Within the umbilicus 9 additional spiral threads of almost the same strength are also present. On the base and in the umbilicus the junction of the axial riblets and spiral threads produces weak nodules. Aperture broadly oval; peristome double, the inner rather strongly exserted and slightly reflected; the outer thick, broadly expanded and reflected, narrower on the parietal wall than on the rest of the shell and marked by a series of concentric lamellae. Operculum ? The specimen described and figured, U.S.N.M. No. 355892, a cotype, was collected by Gundlach at Rio Seco, Pico Turquino, Oriente Province, the type locality. It has 4.5 whorls and measures: Length, 14.0 mm.; greater diameter 8.1 mm.; lesser diameter, 6.6 mm. Subgenus BLAESOSPIRA Crosse 1890. Blaesospira Crosse, Journ. Conchyl, vol. 38, p. 280. Shell ranging from ovate-conic to corkscrew-shaped. All of the postnuclear whorls or only the last part of the last turn solute. The axial sculpture consists of slender lamellar ribs, upon which at regular intervals hollow spines are located. This regular disposition of the spines suggests spiral sculpture, which, however, is not apparent in the intercostal spaces. The intercostal spaces are marked by a varying number of axial threads, which range in strength from mere hairlines to slender lamellae. Operculum with a strongly elevated multispiral lamella, which is slightly outbent at the free edge. The nucleus of the turns is subcentral. Type: Blaesospira echinus ({Wright] Pfeiffer). The genotype was brought to the attention of collectors by Charles Wright, who distributed specimens far and wide with the designation “Vinales.”” Until comparatively recently, subsequent collectors failed to rediscover it. The National Museum collection contains a large series of specimens from American collectors, as well as from foreign collectors, but all of these had their source in Wright’s collecting. Recently Dr. de la Torre’s collectors have discovered this species on E] Queque, and we are giving a figure of the El Queque specimens, as well as a figure of a specimen collected by Wright to show that they are consubspecific. We have likewise two collectings from the Sierra del Infierno, evidently from two different places, as they show subspecific dif- ferentiation, which we are here recognizing. In this connection let us mention that Father Roca also obtained a distinct species in the Sierra San Andres, which we diagnose here, also. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS BLAESOSPIRA Spiral‘rows of strong spines.) nA 2 IO A eee te echinus Spiral rows of strong spines 3________ JOUER SREY S085 SRY rocai CUBAN ANNULARIIDDAE—TORRE AND BARTSCH 339 ANNULARIA (BLAESOSPIRA) ECHINUS ((Wright] Pfeiffer) Shell decidedly solute in all the postnuclear whorls, ranging in color from yellowish white to pale buff, with the hollow spines and the peristome a little paler. Nuclear whorls 2, well rounded, smooth, not solute, forming a pupoid apex. Postnuclear whorls forming an openly coiled tube with 4 rows of strongly elevated, thin, hollow spines between the summit and the umbilicus; these spines are ar- ranged in axial as well as in spiral series, and they are connected axially by slender threads, which pass up on the sides of the spines. The spines are very thin and oval in cross-section. ‘There are also feeble threads on the lateral sides of the spines. Between the spines, 4 to 7 slender axial threads are present, which are of about the same strength and spacing. The stronger axial threads upon which the spines are placed are also well developed on the parietal wall, and the finer threads between them are of the same strength here as on the rest of the whorls. Aperture circular; peristome double, the inner slightly exserted, scarcely reflected; the outer expanded into fimbria- tions, which are strongest on the outer wall corresponding with the stronger spines; on the parietal wall they are more feeble and the spaces between them are less broadly expanded. Operculum with subcentral nucleus and a strong lamella rising almost vertically from the outer edge of the turns to considerable height, slightly reflected at the free margin and marked by obliquely slanting threads. We are recognizing three subspecies, which the following key and descriptions will help to differentiate: KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (BLAESOSPIRA) ECHINUS Digitations of the outer Jip very strongly developed. Digitations on the parietal lip well developed____------_--------- echinus Pigitations ‘on the ‘parietal lip feeble. t= = 2236s bo a8 te Lee lucifer Digitations of the outer lip not very strongly developed_-_-__----_-- infiernalis ANNULARIA (BLAESOSPIRA) ECHINUS ECHINUS ([Wright] Pfeiffer) PLATE 39, Fiaurss 1, 2 1864. Cyclostoma (Choanopoma) echinus [Wright] Prrirrer, Malakozool. Blatter, vol. 11, p. 102. 1865. Choanopoma echinus (Wright) Prrirrer, Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium, suppl. 2, p. 106. 1890. Blaesospira echinus Crossz, Journ. Conchyl., vol. 38, p. 282, pl. 5, fig. 3. This subspecies comes from the north side of El Queque, sometimes spoken of as Ensenada del Grillo, Palmarito. It has the digitations of the outer lip very strongly developed. Those on the inner and parietal lip are also well developed and in this respect this subspecies differs from A. (B.) echinus lucifer, where the converse is true. Wright’s specimen, U.S.N.M. No. 11022, has 2.3 whorls remaining and measures: Length, 6.9 mm.; greater diameter, 5.8 mm.; lesser 223580—40—14 340 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 diameter, 4.5 mm. bt \ tek yyy ae) at SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (BERMUDEZSIPHONA) (X 4). , andrewsi; 2, subobtectum subobtectum 3, subobtectum puntillense: 4, torrei: 6, berm udezi; Te detectum lucasense? 8, detectum murinum: 9, aguilerianum aguilerianum;: 10, detectum detectum; 11, aguilerianum holguinense; 125 caguanense; 13, subobtectum guajabunense: 14. Subobtectum quintanense. ] U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROGEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 1 Pree cial AK nV} ee a ey Ru! A " PP ‘I on) yyy} mT) tbs SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (X 4). 1, O. (Opisthosiphona) plicatum; 2, O. (O.) moreletianum moreletianum: 3, O. (O.) pupoides bibijaguaense; 4, O. (O.) p. pupoides; 5, O. (O.) moreletianum columbense; 6, O. (O.) pupoides velazquezt; 7, O. (O.) turiguanoense; 8, O. (Cubitasiphona) poeyi; 9, O. (C.) protractum. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 16 ' 4 Yeereen iis? 7 etre tO. F Win s AEE bate Peet i peers SEY ; . ig uh ND ¥ , ~ ” ar x sh ; . . i marty, ok RR Wael sa Atee gpl SPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) (x 4). IF juda ense; 2 2, guanajaense; 3, cunaguae; 4, manatiense: 5, sanchezi; 6, sosai; 7, litorale; 8, biosc at; 9, claudens 10, quintzt. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 17 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF OPISTHOSIPHON (CUBITASIPHONA) (X 4). 1, apertum; 2, tersum; 3, paredonense escalerense; 4, tersum; 5, paredonense paredonense; 6, berryi transitorium; 7, deviatum; 8, berryi viguetense; 9, berryi berryi (type of semiapertum); 10, berryi berryt. U S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 18 ot Na den hme . SUBSPECIES OF RHYTIDOTHYRA BILABIATA (X 4). 1, nana; 2, rosea; 3, straminea; 4, aurantiaca: 5, rosacea; 6, bilabiata. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 19 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF XENOPOMOIDES, XENOPOMA, OPISTHOSIPHON, AND DALLSIPHONA (X 4). 1, Xenopomoides delicatulum; 2, Xenopoma hystrix; 3, Xenopoma hendersoni; 4, Opisthosiphon (Cylindrostphona) bacillum bacillum; 5, O. (C.) b. garciat; 6, Dallsiphona dalli; 7, Xenopoma aguayor; 5, X. humboldtianum; 9, X. Spinosissimum. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 20 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF PARACHONDRIA CA 1 Parachondria (Parachondrops) erecta mayensis; 2, P. (P.) e. erecta; 3, P. (P.) e. turquinensis; 4, P. (P.) e. ramonen- 51s; 5, P. (P.) wrighti; 6, P. (Parachondria) abnata; 7, P. (P.) texta texta; 8, P. (P:) t. booneae: 9, P. (P:) t. portillensis. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 21 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF PARACHONDRIA AND ADAMSIELLA CoA: 1, Parachondria (Parachondrops) chordata chordata; 2, P. (P.) c. songoensis; 3, P. (P.) c. tanamensts; 4, Adamsiella (Cubadamsiella) gratiosa; 5, A. (C.) leoni; 6, A. (C.) procax; 7, Parachondria (Parachondrops) n igricula; 8, P. (P.) chordata mayariensis; 9, P. (P.) daudinoti; 10, P. (P.) chordata baracoensis; 11, P. (P.) abtiana; 12, P. (P.) chordata guantanamensis; 13, P. (P.) lurida. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 22 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF LIMADORA, LIMADOREX, AND TUDORA. 1, Limadora tollini: 2, L. garciana sillaensts; garciana; 6, Limadorex limonensis; 7, L. limonensis torquata; 9, T. (E.) torquata (pa. atype). Figs. 1-6, X 4; figs. 8, 9, & 8. 3, L. scabrata; 4, L. tollini (nucleus much enlarged); 5, L. garciana (nuclear whorls much enlarged): 8, Tudora (Eutudorops ) U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89. PLATE 23 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA (EUTUDOREX) (X 8). 1, complanata; 2, rotundata; 3, rocai; 4, undosa undosa; 5, pulverulenta; 6, welchi; 7, undosa barror; 8, u ndosa laureani. U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 24 OF TUDORA (x 8). > U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PRCCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 25 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA (RAMSDENIA) (X 8). ‘1, perspectiva (nucleus); 2, bufo; 3, nobilitata mayariensis; 4, nobilitata yaterasens is; 5, motata (nucleus)? 6, perspectiva; 7, natensoni canetensis; 8, notata; 9, natensoni natensont. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 26 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA (AGUAYOTUDORA) ( 8). 1, recla martiensis: 2, recta barreti; 3, recta recta; 4, cristata cristata: 5, swavis; 6, cristata chorrillensis; 7, crassiuscula; 8, bermudezi bermudexi; 9, bermudeu sibanicuensts. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 27 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA (% 4). 1, Tudora (Aguayotudora) aguayot guaicanamarensis; 2, T. (A.) tuberculata; 3, T. (A.) aguayoi najazaensis; 4 T. (Wrightudora) arcticoronata; 5, T. (4.) asperata: 6, T. (W.) enode; 7, T. (A.) aguayot aguayo. ; 8, T. (A4.) varicosa; 9, T. (A.) obesa. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 28 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF TUDORA AND ANNULARIA (& 4). 1, Tudora (Wrightudora) gundlachi; 2, T. (IV.) garridoiana garridoiana; 3, T. (Gundlachtudora) decolorata: 4, T’ (W.) semicoronata; 5, T. (W.) earridoiana baracoen sts; 6, T. (Tudorina) rangelina; 7, Annularia (Annularodes ) uncinata; 8, A. (A4.) canoaensis. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 29 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (Xx 4). 1, 4. (Annularodisca) pilsbryi; 2, A. (Annularodes) terneroensis terneroensts; 3, A. (4.) indivisa; 4, Ad. (4.) can- tarillensis: 5, A. (A.) terneroensis indioensis; 6, A. (A.) obsoleta; 7, A. (A.) perext perext; 8, A. (A.) p. guitarti. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 30 Jed sow Sel ENE a SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) (X 4). 1, sauvallei chorrerensis; 2, semicana nana; 3, sauvallei natensont; 4, perplexa; 5, vannostrandi; 6, sauvallei cortinai; 7, sauvallei sauvallei; 8, plicata; 9, semicana organicola: 10, Semicana semicana. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 31 ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) SEMICANA SEMICANA Ce A): The three cotypes in the British Museum. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 32 wa ob bee i aN ~ Aes TC a aand f P bab bh HANNA AL a, ANN ate on RN AN a en sa ater nh i AWA SAY \\ BAY SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULAROPS) (x 4). ronadot spurca; 2, blaini cumbrenst ; 3, coronadot acervata: 4, coronadoi coronado1; 5, attenuata attenuata; 6, attenuata morset; 7, tryont vinalensis; 8, blaini blaini: 9, tryont tryont; 10, attenuata minaensts. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 33 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (X 4). 1, A. (Eutudora) cabrerai; 2, A. (E.) transitoria distincta; 3, A. (E.) latistoma; 4, A. (E.) tran itoria transitoria; 5, A. (E.) limbifera ternata; 6, A. (E.) limbifera limbifera; 7, A. (Ann ularodella) morenot. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 34 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (x 4). 1, A. (Eutudorisca) jimenoi; 2, A. (E.) camoensis: 3, A. (E.) catenata blanesi; 4, A. (B.) agassizi; 5, A. (Fossularia) inquarsita; 6, A. (F.) boqueronensis; 7, 4. (Eutudorisca) catenata catenata. J. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 35 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES 1, torrei; 2, architectonti tanamenst , architectonica architectonica; 4 tta OF ANNULARIA (DIPLOPOMA) (X% 4). . TaAMsSaEN1; O archiuéectonica 9an U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 26 SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARITA) MAJUSCULA (X 2). 7 2 ; ° Pees : 1, macta; 2, crassilabris; 3, narcisi; 4, catalinensis: 5, excelsa- 6, majuscula; 7, cumbrensis. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 37 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (xX 4). 1, 4. (Troschelvindex) candeana candeana; 2, A. (T.) jiguanensis jiguanensis; 3, A. (T.) candeana fallax; 4, A. (Juannularia) arguta arguta; 5, A. (j.) perplicata; 6, A. (J.) arguta insularis; 7, A. (T.) tracta; 8, A. (Zs) jiguanensis negrosensts; ¥, A. (T.) J. batrensis. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 38 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (T ROSCHELVINDEX) (xX 4). 1, minia; 2, arangiana cautoensts; 3, rocai; 4, arangiana magistra; 5, barbouri: 6, arangiana arangiana; 7, inculta; 8, agrestis; 9, bebini. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 39 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (x 4). 1, 2, A. (Blaesospira) echinus echinus; 3, A. (B.) e. infiernalis; 4, A. (B.) e. lucifer; 5, A. (B.) roca; 6, A. (Subannularia) jeannereti; 7, A. (Guajaibona) pretrei; 8, A. (S.) storchi nipensis; 9, A. (S.) lachneri; 10, A. (S.) storchi storcht. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS. VOL. 89 PLATE 40 SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARISCA) CGA) 1-3, prestont; 4-6, tacrensis. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 41 Tr SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARISCA) (X 4). 1-3, aberrans; 4-6, eburnea. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 42 SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARISCA) AURICOMA (XX 4). 1-3, putre; 4-6. auricema. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 43 SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARISCA) (X 4). 1-3, alata; 4-6, pallens. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 FLATE 44 SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULAREX) (xX 4). 1-3, intercisa; 4-6, mackinlayi. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 45 SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULAREX) (Xx Air 1-3, incerta; 4-6, ramsdent. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 46 SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (BERMUDEZIA) (X 4). 1, bermudezi; 3, payroli; 4, obliterata; 5, capestany1; 6, euglypta. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 47 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (LUGARENIA) (X 4). 1, lirata lirata; 2, eurystoma chorrillensis; 3, biayensis; 4, sifontesi; 5, lirata parva; 6, eurystoma eurystoma; ~ . . . ie . 7 > . . 7, najazaensis najazaensis; 8, najazaensis palomarensts. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 48 SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULAROSA) FRAGILIS (X 4). 1-3, fragilis; 4-6, juliani. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PRCCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 49 SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARELLA) (X 4). 1-3, hendersoni; 4-6, romeri; 7-9, cumulata. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 50 SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARELLA) (X 4). 1-3, heynemanni; 4-6, yaterasensis; 7-9, victoris. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 51 SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARELLA) (X 4). 1-3, pseudalata; 4-6, arquest. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 52 SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARELLA) CA) 1-3, holguinensis; 4-6, vumuriensis; 7-9, nipensis. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. €9 PLATE 53 = en Pree EAS SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARELLA) (X 4). 1-3, tanamensis; 4-6, natensoni; 7-9, libanoensts. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 54 SPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARELLA) (O< 25), 1-3, toroensis; 4-6, interstitialis. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 55 Are a a ot SP"CIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARELLA) (X 4). 1-3, yunquensis; 4-6, wrighti; 7-9, mayensts. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VCL. 89 PLATE 56 SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA (ANNULARELLA) MAYARIENSIS (X 4). 1-3, mayariensis; 4-6, welchi. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 89 PLATE 57 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANNULARIA COCA): 1-3, A. (Chondropomatus) mimetica; 4-6, A. (C.) lata; 7-9, A. (Annularella) mayariensis canapuensts. INDEX aberrans, Annularia, 345, 347. abnata, Parachondria, 227, 229. abnatum, Chondropoma, 229. abnatum, Cyclostoma, 229. abtiana, Parachondria, 231, 235. abtiana, Tudora, 235. acervata, Annularia, 296, 297. acervatum, Choanopoma, 296. Adamsiella, 240, 241. chordatum, 239. gratiosa, 241. leoni, 241, 242. procax, 241, 243. Adamsiellinae, 131, 182, 240. Adamsielleps, 241. agassizi, Annularia, 310, 312. agassizi, Chondropoma, 312. agassizii, Cistula, 312. agassizii, Cyclostoma, 312. agassizii, Eutudora, 312. agrestis, Annularia, 327, 337. agrestis, Cistula, 337. aguayoi, Tudora, 266, 273. aguayoi, Xenopoma, 223, 224. Aguayotudora, 248, 266. aguileriana, Tudora, 189. aguilerianum, Cyclostoma, 189. aguilerianum, Opisthosiphon, 168, 189. alata, Annularia, 345, 350, 351. alatum, Choanopoma, 350, 351, 373. alatum, Cistula, 373. alatum, Cyclostoma, 350. alatum, Tudora, 351. anafense, Rhytidopoma, 153, 154. andrewsi, Opisthosiphon, 168, 192. Annularella, 282, 352, 366, 383. Annularex, 282, 352. Annularia, 244, 281, 383. aberrans, 345, 347. acervata, 296, 297. agassizi, 310, 312. agrestis, 327, 337. alata, 345, 350, 351. avangiana, 327, 332, 333. architectonica, 314, 315, 317. arguta, 320, 321, 322. arquesi, 366, 372. attenuata, 290, 297, 298. auricoma, 345, 347, 348, 349, 351. bairensis, 328, 329. barbouri, 327, 335. bebini, 327, 334. bermudezi, 356. biayensis, 360, 361. blaini, 290, 291, 299, 300 blanesi, 313, 314. boqueronensis, 309. 223580—41—_—-17 Annularia cabrerai, 304. camoensis, 310, 312. canapuensis, 381, 382. candeana, 326, 327, 330, 331. canoaensis, 283, 284. cantarillensis, 283, 285. capestanyi, 356, 358. catalinensis, 324, 326. catenata, 310, 318, 314. cautoensis, 333. chorrerensis, 291, 292. chorrillensis, 361. coronadoi, 290, 295, 296. cortinai, 291. crassilabris, 324, 325. cumbrensis, 299, 300, 324. cumulata, 366, 369. distincta, 307, 308. eburnea, 345. echinus, 338, 339. euglypta, 356, 359. eurystoma, 360, 361. excelsa, 324, 326. fallax, 330, 331. fragilis, 364, 365, 366. guitarti, 288, 289. hendersoni, 366, 367. heynemania, 371. heynemanni, 366, 371. holguinensis, 366, 373. illustris, 330, 331. incerta, 352, 354. inculta, 327, 331, 332. indioensis, 285. indivisa, 283, 286. infiernalis, 339, 340. inquisita, 309. insularis, 322. intercisa, 352. interstitialis, 366, 377. jeannereti, 342, 3438. jiguanensis, 327, 328, 329. jimenoi, 310, 311. juliani, 365. lachneri, 342. lata, 383, 384. latistoma, 304, 308. libanoensis 317, 318, 366, 376. limbifera, 303, 304, 305, 306, 308. lirata, 360, 363, 364. lucifer, 339, 340. mackinlayi, 352, 3538. macta, 324, 325. magistra, 333, 334, majuscula, 323, 324, 325, 326. mayariensis, 367, 381, 382. mayensis, 367, 379. Il PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 Annularia mimetica, 383, 385. minaensis, 297, 298. minia, 327, 336. minium, 336. morenoi, 302, 303. morsei, 297, 298. najazaensis, 360, 362, 363. nana, 294, 295. narcisi, 324, 325. natensoni, 291, 292, 366, 377. negrosensis, 328, 329. nipensis, 344, 345, 366, 375. obliterata, 356, 358. obsoleta, 288, 287, 315, 320. organicola, 294, 295. pallens, 345, 350. palomarensis, 362, 363. parva, 363, 364. payroli, 356, 357. perezi, 283, 288, 289. perplexa, 291, 302. perplicata, 320, 321. pilsbryi, 289, 315, 318. plicata, 291, 298. prestoni, 345, 346. pretrei, 341. pseudalata, 366, 373. pseudalatum, 373. pseudolatum, 373. putre, 348, 349. ramsdeni, 315, 316, 352, 355. rocai, 327, 336, 338, 340. romeri, 368. sauvallei, 290, 291, 292. semicana, 290, 293, 294, 295. sifontesi, 360, 365. songoensis, 315, 319. sordidum, 297. spurca, 296, 297. storchi, 342, 344. tacrensis, 345, 351. tanamensis, 317, 318, 366, 375. ternata, 305, 306. terneroensis, 283, 284, 285, 287. toroensis, 367, 378. torrei, 315. tracta, 327. transitoria, 304, 306, 307, 308. tryoni, 291, 300. uncinata, 282, 283, 284. vannostrandi, 290, 293. victoris, 366, 369. vinalensis, 300, 301. welchi, 381. wrighti, 367, 380. yaterasensis, 366, 370. yumuriensis, 366, 374. yunquensis, 366, 367, 379. Annulariidae, 131. Annulariinae, 131, 132, 244. Annularisca, 282, 345. Annularita, 282, 323. Annularodella, 281, 302. Annularodes, 281, 282, 288, 289, 302. Annularodisea, 281, 289. Annularops, 281, 290, 302. Annularosa, 282, 364. antoniensis, Tudora, 257. apertum, Opisthosiphon, 199, 212. apertus, Opisthosiphon, 212. arangiana, Annularia, 327, 332, 333. arangianum, Choanopoma, 333. arangianum, Cyclostoma, 333. architectonica, Annularia, 314, 315, 317. architectonicum, Cyclostoma, (SLT: architectonicum, Diplopoma, 317, 318. arcticoronata, Tudora, 275, 276. arguta, Annularia, 320, 321, 322. argutum, Chondropoma, 322. argutum, Ctenopoma, 322. arquesi, Annularia, 366, 372. arquesi, Colobostylus, 372. arquesi, Cyclostoma, 372. asperata, Tudora, 266, 272. attenuata, Annularia, 290, 297. aurantiaca, Rhytidothyra, 220, 221. pe Annularia, 345, 347, 348, 349, auricoma, Tudora, 348. auricomum, Choanopoma, 348, auricomum, Cyclostoma, 348. azucarensis, Tudora, 257. bacillum, Opisthosiphon, 215, 216. bahamense, Ophisthosiphon, 162. bairensis, Annularia, 328, 329. banaoense, Opisthosiphon, 168, 175, 176. baracoensis, Parachondria, 237, 238. baracoensis, Tudora, 279. barbouri, Annularia, 327, 335. barreta, Tudora, 270, 271. barroi, Tudora, 253. bebini, Annularia, 327, 334. bebini, Choanopoma, 334. bermudezi, Annularia, 356. bermudezi, Opisthosiphon, 168, 192. bermudezi, Tudora, 266, 269, 270. Bermudezia, 282, 356. Bermudezsiphona, 163, 168. berryi, Opisthosiphon, 199, 209, 210. biayensis, Annularia, 360, 361. bibijaguaense, Opisthosiphon, 194, 195. bilabiata, Cistula, 221. bilabiata, Cyclostoma, 221. bilabiata, Rhytidothyra, 218, 220, 221. bilabiatum, Chondropoma, 221. bilabiatum, Ctenopoma, 221. bioseai, Opisthosiphon, 198, 204. Blaesospira, 282, 338, 341. echinus, 338, 339. pretrei, 341. blaini, Annularia, 290, 291, 299, 300. blaini, Choanopoma, 300. blanesi, Annularia, 313, 314. booneae, Chondropoma, 229. booneae, Parachondria, 228, 229. boqueronensis, Annularia, 309. bufo, Ctenopoma, 261. bufo, Cyclostoma, 261. bufo, Ramsdenia, 261. bufo, Tudora, 258, 261. cabrasense, Rhytidopoma, 156, 157. cabrerai, Annularia, 304. caguanense, Opisthosiphon, 168, 185. INDEX camajanense, Opisthosiphon, 170, 171. camaronensis, Torrella, 146, 147. camoensis, Annularia, 310, 312. campbelli, Parachondria, 231. canapuensis, Annularia, 381, 382. candeana, Annularia, 326, 327, 330, 331. candeana, Cistula, 331. candeanum, Cistula, 331. candeanum, Cyclostoma, 331. candeanum, Troschelvindex, 331. candelaense, Rhytidopoma, 160, 161. canetensis, Tudora, 263, 264. canoaensis, Annularia, 283, 284. cantarillensis, Annularia, 283, 285. eapestanyi, Annularia, 356, 358. caroli, Opisthosiphon, 163, 166. casasense, Opisthosiphon, 194. catalinensis, Annularia, 324, 326. catenata, Annualaria, 310, 313, 314. catenata, Cistula, 306. cautoensis, Annularia, 333. Choanopoma acervatum, 296. alatum, 350, 351, 373. arangianum, 333. auricomum, 348. bebini, 334. bibabiatum, 221. blaini, 300. daudinoti, 236. decolorata, 265. eburneum, 345. echinus, 339. fragile, 365. humboldtianum, 223. hystrix, 225. indivisum, 286. inquisita, 309. jiguanense, 329. lachneri, 342. majusculum, 325. minium, 336. mirifica, 260. perplicatum, 321. pilsbryi, 289. pretrei, 341. putre, 349. sauvallei, 292. storchi, 344. tractum, 327. troscheli, 257. tryoni, 301. uncinatum, 283. yaterasense, 370. yunquense, 379. Chondropoma, 228, 235, 383. abnatum, 229, agassizi, 312. argutum, 322. bilabiatum, 221. booneae, 229. chordatum, 239. elongatum, 322. erectum, 233. incultum, 332. latum, 384. limbiferum, 306. perplicatum, 321. Tit Chondropoma ternatum, 305. textum, 228. Chondropomatus, 282, 383. Chondropominae, 131, 132, 383. chordata, Parachondria, 231, 237, 238, 239. chordatum, Adamsiella, 239. chordatum, Chondropoma, 239. chordatum, Cyclostoma, 239. chorrerensis, Annularia, 291, 292. chorrillensis, Annularia, 361. chorrillensis, Tudora, 268. Cistula agassizii, 312. agrestis, 337. alatum, 373. bilabiata, 221. candeana, 331. candeanum, 331. catenata, 306. illustris, 331. inculta, 331. interstitiale, 367, 375, 377. interstitialis, 382. jimenoi, 311. limbifera, 306, 307. mackinlayi, 353. procax, 243. clathratum, Ctenopoma, 161. clathratum, Cyclostoma, 161. clathratum, Rhytidopoma, 160, 161. claudens, Opisthosiphon, 198, 201. Colobostylus, 134, 135. arquesi, 372. heynemanni, 371. rangelinus, 280. rectus, 271. roemeri, 368. colombense, Rhytidopoma, 158, 159. columbense, Opisthosiphon, 195, 196. complanata, Tudora, 251, 255. coronadoi, Annularia, 295, 296. coronadoi, Cyclostoma, 296. coronatum, Ctenopoma, 151. coronatum, Cyclostoma, 151. coronatum, Rhytidopoma, 149, 151. cortinai, Annularia, 291. crassilabris, Annularia, 324, 325. crassiuscula, Tudora, 266, 268. cristata, Tudora 266, 267, 268. Ctenopoma argutum, 322. bilabiatum, 221. bufo, 261. clathratum, 161. coronatum, 151. deficiens, 144. echinatum, 165. enode, 276. honestum, 151 immersum, 146. jeannereti, 343. nigriculum, 239. nobilitatum, 259. nodiferum, 151. perspectivum, 264. pulverulentum, 254. 150, 159, IV Ctenopoma rotundatum, 252. rugulosum, 153, 154, 155. sculptum, 167. semicoronatum, 278. torquata, 249. torreianum, 148. tryoni, 301. undosum, 254. wrightianum, 157. Cubadamsiella, 240. Cubitasiphona, 163, 198, 201. cucullatum, Opisthosiphon, 168, 169, 170. cumbrensis, Annularia, 299, 300, 324. cumulata, Annularia, 366. cumulata, Tudora, 369. cunaguae, Opisthosiphon, 199, 205. Cyclostoma abnatum, 229. agassizii, 312. aguilerianum, 189. alatum, 350. arangianum, 333. architectonicum, 317. arquesi, 372. auricomum, 348. bilabiata, 221. bufo, 261. candeanum, 331. chordatum, 239. elathratum, 161. coronadoi, 296. coronatum, 151. daudinoti, 236. decoloratum, 265. denegatum, 161. disjunctum, 196. dorbignyanum, 221. eburneum, 345. echinatum, 165. echinus, 339. enode, 276. erectum, 233. excurrens, 139. fragile, 365. garridoianum, 280. heynemanni, 371. honestum, 151. illustre, 331. immersum, 146. incultum, 331. interruptum, 305. interstitiale, 377. jimenoi, 311. latum, 383, 384. limbiferum, 306. lurida, 234. luridum, 234. mackinlayi, 353. mactum, 325. majusculum, 325. megacheilos, 248. minium, 336. moreletiana, 196. nigriculum, 239. nobilitatum, 259. nodulatum, 153. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 89 Cyclostoma perplicatum, 320. perspectivum, 264 pretrei, 341. procax, 243. pterostomum, 225. pulverulentum, 254. pupoides, 194. rangelinum, 280. rotundatum, 252. rugulosum, 155. salebrosum, 221. sculptum, 167. semicanum, 294. semicoronatum, 278. sordidum, 296, 297. textum, 228. torquata, 249. tractum, 327. troscheli, 257. undosum, 254. vannostrandi, 293. yaterasense, 370. yunquense, 379. Cyclostomus heynemanni, 371. rectus, 271. romeri, 368, 372, 373. Cyiindrosiphona, 163, 215. dalli, Dallsiphona, 216. dalli, Opisthosiphon, 216. Dallisiphona, 133, 216. dalli, 216. daudinoti, Choanopoma, 2386. daudinoti, Cyclostoma, 236. daudinoti, Parachondria, 231, 2386. decolorata, Choanopoma, 265. decolorata, Tudora, 265. decoloratum, Cyclostoma, 265. deficiens, Ctenopoma, 144. deficiens, Torrella, 148, 144. degeneratum, Opisthosiphon, 183. delicatulum, Xenopomoides, 217. denegatum, Cyclostoma, 161. detectum, Opisthosiphon, 168, 190, 191. detectum, Opisthosiphon, 191. deviatum, Opisthosiphon, 199, 213. Diplopoma, 282, 314. architectonicum, 317, 318. torrei, 315. disjunectum, Cyclostoma, 196. distineta, Annularia, 307, 308. dorbignyanum, Cyclostoma, 221. eburnea, Annularia, 345. eburneum, Choanopoma, 345. eburneum, Cyclostoma, 345. echinatum, Ctenopoma, 165. echinatum, Cyclostoma, 165. echinatum, Opisthosiphon, 163, 165. echinus, Annularia, 338, 339. echinus, Blaesospira, 338, 339. echinus, Choanopoma, 339. echinus, Cyclostoma, 339. elongatum, Chondropoma, 322. enode, Ctenopoma, 276. enode, Cyclostoma, 276. INDEX enode, Tudora, 275, 276. erecta, Parachondria, 2381, 232, 233, 236. erectum, Chondropoma, 2388. erectum, Cyclostoma, 233. ergastulum, Rhytidopoma, 158, 159. escalerense, Opisthosiphon, 214. euglypta, Annularia, 356, 359. eurystoma, Annularia, 360, 361. Eutudora, 281, 303. agassizii, 312. jimenoi, 311. limbifera, 306. paradoxum, 136. torquata, 249. Eutudorella, 310. Eutudorex, 248, 250, 255. Eutudorisca, 282, 310. Eutudorops, 248. evanidum, Opisthosiphon, 168, 182, 183. excelsa, Annularia, 324, 326. excurrens, Cyclostoma, 139. excurrens, Opisthocoelicum, 1388, 139. excurrens, Opisthosiphon, 139. excurrens, Tudora, 139. fallax, Annularia, 330, 331. fascia, Parachondria, 227. Fossularia, 282, 308. fragile, Choanopoma, 365. fragile, Cyclostoma, 365. fragilis, Annularia, 364, 365, 366. garciai, Opisthosiphon, 215, 216. garciana, Limadora, 245, 246, 247. garciana, Ramsdenia, 247. garridoiana, Tudora, 275, 279, 280. garridoianum, Cyclostoma, 280. gibbosum, Opisthocoelicum, 135, 136. gratiosa, Adamsiella, 240. greenfieldi, Opisthosiphon, 168, 171. grillensis, Torrella, 146, 147. guaicanamarensis, Tudora, 273, 274. guajabanense, Opisthosiphon, 187. Guajaibona, 282, 341. guanajaense, Opisthosiphon, 198, 202. guantanamensis, Parachondria, 237, 238. guayosense, Opisthosiphon, 178, 180. guitarti, Annularia, 288, 289. gundlachi, Tudora, 275, 277. Gundlachtudora, 248, 265. hendersoni, Annularia, 366, 367. hendersoni, Xenopoma, 225, 226, 227. hespericum, Rhytidopoma, 150, 161. heynemani, Tudora, 371. heynemanni, Annularia, 366, 371. heynemanni, Colobostylus, 371. heynemanni, Cyclestoma, 371. heynemanni, Cyclestomus, 371. heynemanni, Tudora, 371. holguinense, Opisthosiphon, 189, 190. holguinensis, Annularia, 366, 373. honestum, Ctenopoma, 151. honestum, Cyclostoma, 151. honestum, Rhytidopoma, 149, 159, 151. humboldtiana, Xenopoma, 223 humboldtianum, Choanopoma, 223, humboldtianum, Xenopoma, 228. hystrix, Choanopoma, 225. hystrix, Xenopoma, 223, 225, 227. illustre, Cyclostoma, 331. illustris, Annularia, 330, 331. illustris, Cistula, 331. illustris, Troschelvindex, 331. immersa, Torrella, 148, 145, 146. immersum, Ctenopoma, 146. immersum, Cyclostoma, 146. incerta, Annularia, 352, 354. inculta, Annuleria, 327, 331, 332. inculta, Cistula, 331. incultum, Chondropoma, 332. incultum, Cyclostoma, 331. indioensis, Annularia, 285. indivisa, Annularia, 288, 286. indivisum, Choanopoma, 286. infiernalis, Annularia, 339, 340. inquisita, Annularia, 309. inquisita, Choanopoma, 309. insulanum, Opisthosiphon, 168, 180, 181. insularis, Annularia, 322. intercisa, Annularia, 352. interruptum, Cyclostoma, 305. interstitiale, Cistula, 367, 375, 377. interstitiale, Cyclostoma, 377. interstitialis, Annularia, 366, 377. interstitialis, Cistula, 382. interstitialis, Tudora, 377. itinerans, Rhytidopoma, 150. jeannereti, Annularia, 342, 3438. jeannereti, Ctenopoma, 343. jeannereti, Parachondria, 343. jiguanense, Choanopoma, 329. jiguanensis, Annularia, 327, 828, 329. jimenoi, Annularia, 310, 311. jimenoi, Cistula, 311. jimenoi, Cyclostoma, 311. jimenoi, Eutudora, 311. Juannularia, 282, 320. judacensis, Opisthosiphon, 206. judasense, Opisthosiphon, 199, 206. juliani, Annularia, 365. jumaguaense, Rhytidopoma, 160, lachneri, Annularia, 342. lachneri, Choanopoma, 342. lamelicostatum, Opisthocoelicum, 140, 141, 142. lamellicostatum, Opisthosiphon, 142. lamellosum, Opisthosiphon, 168, 172, 173. lata, Annularia, 383, 384. latistoma, Annularia, 304, 308. latum, Chondropoma, 384. latum, Cyclostoma, 383, 384. laureani, Tudora, 253. leoni, Adamsiella, 241, 242. libanoensis, Annularia, 317, 318, 376. Limadora, 132, 244, 245. garciana, 245, 246, 247. scabrata, 245, 247. sillaensis, 246, 247. tollini, 245. 366, vI Limadorex, 132, 244. limonensis, 244. limbifera, Annularia, 303, 304, 305, 306, 308. limbifera, Cistula, 306, 307. limbifera, Eutudora, 306. limbiferum, Chondropoma, 306. limbiferum, Cyclostoma, 306. limonensis, Limadorex, 244. lincina, Turbo, 281. lirata, Annularia, 360, 363, 364. litorale, Opisthosiphon, 199, 208. lowei, Opisthosiphon, 172, 173. lucasense, Opisthosiphon, 191. lucifer, Annularia, 339, 340. Lugarenia, 282, 360. lurida, Cyclostoma, 234. lurida, Parachondria, 231, 234, 236. lurida, Tudora, 234. luridum, Cyclostoma, 234. mabuyense, Opisthocoelicum, 142. mackinlayi, Annularia, 352, 353. mackinlayi, Cistula, 353. mackinlayi, Cyclostoma, 353. mackinlayi, Tudora, 353. macta, Annularia, 324, 325. mactum, Cyclostoma, 325. magistra, Annularia, 333, 334. magnum, Opisthocoelicum, 135, 136. majuscula, Annularia, 323, 324, 325, 326. majusculum, Choanopoma, 3265. majusculum, Cyclostoma, 325. manatiense, Opisthosiphon, 198, 203. martiensis, Tudora, 270, 271. mayariensis, Annularia, 381, 382. mayariensis, Parachondria, 237, 238. mayariensis, Tudora, 259, 261. mayensis, Annularia, 367, 379. mayensis, Parachondria, 233. mayensis, Tudora, 379. magacheilos, Cyclostoma, 248. mimetica, Annularia, 383, 385. minaensis, Annularia, 297, 298. minia, Annularia, 327, 336. minium, Annularia, 336. minium, Choanopoma, 336. minium, Cyclostoma, 336. mirandensis, Tudora, 259, 260. mirifica, Choanopoma, 260. mnirifica, Ramsdenia, 260. mirifica, Tudora, 258, 259, 260. Mirisiphon, 163, 167. moreletiana, Cyclostoma, 196. moreletiana, Opisthosiphon, 196. moreletiana, Tudora, 196. moreletianum, Opisthosiphon, 193, 195, morenoi, Annularia, 302, 302. morsei, Annularia, 297, 298. murinum, Opisthosiphon, 190, 191. najazaevsis, Annularia, 360, 362, 363. najazaensis, Tudora, 273, 274. nana, Annularia, 294, 295. nana, Rhytidothyra, 220, 222. narcisi, Annularia, 324, 325. natensoni, Annularia, 291, 292, 366, 377. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 89 natensoni, Tudora, 258, 263. negrosensis, Annularia, 328, 329. nigricula, Parachondria, 231, 239. nigriculum, Cyclostoma, 239. nipensis, Annularia, 344, 345, 366, 375. nobilitata, Tudora, 258, 259, 260. nobilitatum, Ctenopoma, 259. nobilitatum, Cyclostoma, 259. nobilitatum, Ramsdenia, 259. nodiferum, Ctenopoma, 151. nodiferum, Rhytidopoma, 150, 151. nodulatum, Cyclostoma, 158. nodulatum, Rhytidopoma, 149, 153. notata, Tudora, 258, 262. obesa, Tudora, 266, 275. obliterata, Annularia, 356, 358. obsoleta, Annularia, 288, 287, 315, 320. evens Opisthosiphon, 168, 178, 179, 180. obtectus, Opisthosiphon, 179. obras Opisthosiphon, Mite obturatus, Opisthosiphon, 177. occidentale, Rhytidopoma, 150, 154. occultum, Opisthocoelicum, 138, 140. occultum, Opisthosiphon, 138. occultus, Opisthosiphon, 138. opisthocoele, Opisthocoelicum, 134, 140. Opisthocoelex, 134, 188. Opisthocoelicum, 133, 134, 140, 289. excurrens, 138, 139. gibbosum, 135, 136. lamelliscostatum, 140, 141, 142. mabuyense, 142. magnum, 135, 136. occultum, 138, 140. opisthocoele, 134,140. paradoxum, 134, 135, 136. simulans, 135, 137. Opisthocoelops, 134, 138. Opisthosiphon, 133, 134, 162, 218. aguilerianum, 168, 189. andrewsi, 168, 192. apertum, 199, 212. apertus, 212. bacillum, 215, 216. bahamense, 162. banaoense, 168, 175, 176. bermudezi, 168, 192. berryi, 199, 209, 210. bibijaguaense, 194, 195. bioseai, 198, 204. caguanense, 168, 185. camajanense, 170, 171. caroli, 163, 166. casasense, 194. claudens, 198, 201. columbense, 195, 196. cucullatum, 168, 169, 170. cunaguae, 199, 205. dalli, 216. degeneratum, 183. detectum, 168, 190, 191. detectus, 191. deviatum, 199, 213. echinatum, 1638, 165. 152, 168, 176, Opisthosiphon escalerense, 214. evanidum, 168, 182, 183. excurrens, 139. garciai, 215, 216. greenfieldi, 168, 171. guajabanense, 187, 188. guanajaense, 198, 202. guayosense, 178, 180. holguinense, 189, 190. insulanum, 168, 180, 181. judacensis, 206. judasense, 199, 206. lamellicostatum, 142. lamellosum, 168, 172, 178. litorale, 199, 208. lowei, 172, 173. lucasense, 191. manatiense, 198, 203. moreletiana, 196. moreletianum, 193, 195, 196. murinum, 190, 191. obtectum, 168, 178, 179, 180. obtectus, 179. obturatum, 168, 176, 177. obturatus, 177. occultum, 138. occultus, 138. palmeri, 168, 170, 171. paredonense, 199, 213, 214. paredonensis, 214. plateroense, 168, 173. plicatum, 1938, 196, 197. poeyi, 198, 199. prominulum, 168, 174. protractum, 198, 200. protractus, 200. puntillense, 187. pupoides, 1938, 194. quesadai, 163, 164. quintanense, 187, 188. quinti, 198, 202. rivorum, 166. sainzi, 163. salustii, 168, 181. sanchezi, 199, 207. scopulorum, 180, 181. sculptum, 167. seibaboense, 178, 179. semiapertum, 210. semiapertus, 210. sosai, 199, 208. subobtectum, 168, 186, 187. subobturatum, 168, 1838, 184. subobturatus, 184. sulcosum, 177. tenuicostum, 178, 179. tersum, 199, 211. tinajaense, 184. torrei, 168, 185. transitorium, 210, 211. trincheracensis, 176. trincherasense, 175, 176. turiguanoense, 193, 197. velazquezi, 194. viguetense, 210. Opisthosiphona, 168, 193. organicola, Annularia, 294, 295. ottonis, Rhytidopoma, 156, 157. INDEX VII palenquense, Rhytidopoma, 158, 154. pallens, Annularia, 345, 350. palmaritensis, Tudora, 257, 258. palmeri, Opisthosiphon, 168, 170, 171. palomarensis, Annularia, 362, 363. Parachondria, 134, 187, 227, 228, 235. abnata, 227, 229, 231, 235. abtiana, 231, 235. baracoensis, 237, 238. booneae, 228, 229. campbelli, 231. chordata, 231, 237, 238, 239. daudinoti, 231, 236. erecta, 231, 232, 233, 236. fascia, 227. guantanamensis, 237, 238. jeannereti, 343. lurida, 231, 234, 236. mayariensis, 237, 238. mayensis, 233. nigricula, 231, 2389. portillensis, 228, 229. ramonensis, 233. songoensis, 237, 238, 239. tanamensis, 237, 238. texta, 227, 228. turquinensis, 233, 234. wrighti, 231. Parachondrops, 227, 2381, 232. paradoxum, Eutudora, 136. paradoxum, Opisthocoelicum, 134, 135, 136. paregonense: Opisthosiphon, 199, 213, 14. paredonensis, Opisthosiphon, 214. parva, Annularia, 363, 364. payroli, Annularia, 356, 357. perezi, Annularia, 283, 288, 289. perplexa, Annularia, 291, 302. perplicata, Annularia, 320, 321. perplicatum, Choanopoma, 321. perplicatum, Chondropoma, 321. perplicatum, Cyclostoma, 320. perspectiva, Tudora, 258, 264. perspectivum, Ctenopoma, 264. perspectivum, Cyclostoma, 264. perspectivum, Ramsdenia, 264. perspectivum, Rhytidopoma, 264. pilsbryi, Annularia, 289, 315, 318. pilsbryi, Choanopoma, 289. pinense, Rhytidopoma, 150, 157, 158, 159. plateroense, Opisthosiphon, 168, 173. plicata, Annularia, 291, 298. plicatum, Opisthosiphon, 1938, 196, 197. poeyi, Opisthosiphon, 198, 199. portillensis, Parachondria, 228, 229. prestoni, Annularia, 345, 346. pretrei, Annularia, 341. pretrei, Blaesospira, 341. pretrei, Choanopoma, 341. pretrei, Cyclostoma, 341. procax, Adamsiella, 241, 243. procax, Cistula, 243. procax, Cyclostoma, 243. prominulum, Opisthosiphon, 168, 174. protractum, Opisthosiphon, 198, 200. protractus, Opisthosiphon, 200. pseudalata, Annularia, 366, 373. VIII pseudalatum, Annularia, 373. pseudolatum, Annularia, 373. pterostomum, Cyclostoma, 225. pulverulenta, Tudora, 251, 254. pulverulentum, Ctenopoma, 254. pulverulentum, Cyclostoma, 254, puntillense, Opisthosiphon, 187, 188. pupoides, Cyclostoma, 194. pupoides, Opisthosiphon, 193, 194. pupoides, Tudora, 194. putre, Annularia, 348, 349. putre, Choanopoma, 349. putre, Tudora, 349. quesadai, Opisthosiphon, 163, 164. quintanense, Opisthosiphon, 187, 188. quinti, Opisthosiphon, 198, 202. ramonensis, Parachondria, 233. ramsdeni, Tudora, 355. Ramsdenia, 248, 258, 262. bufo, 261. garciana, 247. mirifica, 260. nobilitatum, 259. perspectivum, 264. semicoronata, 278. tollini, 245. ramsdenia, Annularia, 315, 355. rangelina, Tudora, 280. rangelinum, Cyclostoma, 280. rangelinus, Colobostylus, 280. recta, Tudora, 266, 270, 271. rectus, Colobostylus, 271. rectus, Cyclostomus, 271. Rhytidopoma, 133, 149. anafense, 158, 154. cabrasense, 156, 157. candelaense, 160, 161. clathratum, 150, 159, 160, 161. colombense, 158, 159. coronatum, 149, 151. ergastulum, 158, 159. hespericum, 150, 161. honestum, 149, 150, 151. itinerans, 150. jumaguaense, 160. nodiferum, 150, 151. nodulatum, 149, 152, 153. occidentale, 150, 154. ottonis, 156, 157. palenquense, 153, 154. perspectivum, 264. pinense, 150, 157, 158, 159. rosarioense, 158. rugulosum, 149, 150, 155. tollini, 245. wrightianum, 150, 156, 157. Rhytidopominae, 131, 132, 133. Rhytidothyra, 134, 218. aurantiaca, 220, 221. bilabiata, 218, 220, 221. nana, 220, 222. rosacea, 220. rosea, 220. straminea, 220, 222. rivorum, Opisthosiphon, 166. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM 316, 352, vou. 89 rocai, Annularia, 327, 336, 338, 340. rocai, Tudora, 251, 255. roemeri, Colobostylus, 368. roemeri, Tudora, 368. rémeri, Annularia, 366, 368. romeri, Cyclostomus, 368, 372, 373. rosacea, Rhytidothyra, 220 rosarioense, Rhytidopoma, 158. rosea, Rhytidothyra, 220. rotundata, Tudora, 250, 252. rotundatum, Ctenopoma, 252. rotundatum, Cyclostoma, 252. rugulosum, Ctenopoma, 153, 154, 155. rugulosum, Cyclostoma, 155. rugulosum, Rhytidopoma, 149, 150, 155. sainzi, Opisthosiphon, 163. salebrosum, Cyclostoma, 221. salustii, Opisthosiphon, 168, 181. sanchezi, Opisthosiphon, 199, 207. sauvallei, Annularia, 290, 291, 292. sauvallei, Choanopoma, 292. scabrata, Limadora, 245, 247. scopulorum, Opisthosiphon, 1890, 181. sculptum, Ctenopoma, 167. sculptum, Cyclostoma, 167. sculptum, Opisthosiphon, 167. seibaboense, Opisthosiphon, 178, 179. semiapertum, Opisthosiphon, 210. semiapertus, Opisthosiphon, 210. ee Annularia, 290, 293, 294, 295, 300. semicanum, Cyclostoma, 294. semicoronata, Ramsdenia, 278. semicoronata, Tudora, 275, 278. semicoronatum, Ctenopoma, 278. semicoronatum, Cyclostoma, 278. sibanicuensis, Tudora, 269, 270. sifontesi, Annularia, 360, 364. sillaensis, Limadora, 246, 247. simpsoni, Torrella, 147, 148. simulans, Opisthocoelicum, 135, 137. Solutapex, 163. songoensis, Annularia, 315, 319. songoensis, Parachondria, 237, 238, 239. sordidum, Annularia, 297. sordidum, Cyclostoma, 296, 297. sosai, Opisthosiphon, 199, 208. spinosissimum, Xenopoma, 223, 226. spurea, Annularia, 296, 297. storchi, Annularia, 342, 344. storchi, Choanopoma, 344, straminea, Rhytiodthyra, 220, 222. suavis, Tudora, 266, 267. Subannularia, 282, 342. suber reoeune Opisthosiphon, 168, 186, 18 cae Opisthosiphon, 168, 183, 18 subobturatus, Opisthosiphon, 184. sulecosum, Opisthosiphon, 177. tacrensis, Annularia, 345, 351. er re Annularia, Sr 318, 366, 5 tanamensis, Parachondria, 237, 238. tenuicostum, Opisthosiphon, 178, 179. ternata, Annularia, 305, 306. INDEX ternatum, Chondropoma, 305. pet ner cenels, Annularia, 283, 284, 285, 87. terneroensis, Torrella, 148. tersum, Opisthosiphon, 199, 211. texta, Parachondria, 227, 228. textum, Chondropoma, 228. textum, Cyclostoma, 228. tinajaense, Opisthosiphon, 184. tollini, Limadora, 245. tollini, Ramsdenia, 245. tollini, Rhytidopoma, 245. toroensis, Annularia, 367, 378. torquata, Ctenopoma, 249. torquata, Cyclostoma, 249. torquata, Eutudora, 249. torquata, Tudora, 249. torrei, Annularia, 315. torrei, Diplopoma, 315. torrei, Opisthosiphon, 168, 185. torreiana, Torrella, 143. torreianum, Ctenopoma, 148. Torrella, 133, 143. camaronensis, 146, 147. deficiens, 143, 144. grillensis, 146, 147. immersa, 143, 145, 146. simpsoni, 147, 148. terneroensis, 149. torreiana, 143. trinidadensis, 147. Torrellisca, 143, 147. tracta, Annularia, 327. tractum, Choanopoma, 327. tractum, Cyclostoma, 327. peu oEe Annularia, 304, 306, 307, 08. transitorium, Opisthosiphon, 210, 211. trincheracensis, Opisthosiphon, 176. trincherasense, Opisthosiphon, 175. trinidadensis, Torrella, 147. troscheli, Choanopoma, 257 troscheli, Cyclostoma, 257. troscheli, Tudora, 251, 256, 257. Troschelvindex, 282, 326. candeanum, 331. illustris, 331. tryoni, Annularia, 291, 300. tryoni, Choanopoma, 3801. tryoni, Ctenopoma, 301. tuberculata, Tudora, 266, 272. Tudora, 244, 248, 249, 280. abtiana, 235. aguayoi, 266, 273. aguileriana, 189. alatum, 351. antoniensis, 257. arcticoronata, 275, 276. asperata, 266, 272. auricoma, 348, azucarensis, 257. baracoensis, 279. barreti, 270, 271. barroi, 253. bermudezi, 266, 269, 270. bufo, 258, 261. canetensis, 268, 264. IX Tudora—chorrillensis, 268. complanata, 251, 255. crassiuscula, 266, 268. cristata, 266, 267, 268. decolorata, 265. enode, 275, 276. excurrens, 139. garridoiana, 275, 279, 280. guaicanamarensis, 273, 274. gundlachi, 275, 277. heynemanni, 371. interstitialis, 377. laureani, 253. lurida, 234. mackinlayi, 353. martiensis, 270, 271. mayariensis, 259, 261. mayensis, 379 mirandensis, 259, 260. mirifica, 258, 259, 260. moreletiana, 196. najazaensis, 273, 274. natenseni, 258, 263. nobilitata, 258, 259, 260. notata, 258, 262. obesa, 266, 275. palmaritensis, 257, 258. perspectiva, 258, 264. pulverulenta, 251, 254. pupoides, 194. putre, 349. ramsdeni, 355. rangelina, 280. rects, 266, 270, 271. rocai, 251, 255. roemeri, 368. rotundata, 250, 252. semicoronata, 275, 278. sibanicuensis, 269, 270. suavis, 266, 267. torquata, 249. troscheli, 251, 257. tuberculata, 266, 272. undosa, 251, 252, 253, 254. varicosa, 266, 274. welchi, 250, 251. wrighti, 231. yateracensis, 370. yaterasensis, 259, 261. Tudorellata, 366. Tudorina, 248, 280. Turbo lincina, 281. turiguanoense, Opisthosiphon, 193, 197. turquinensis, Parachondria, 233, 234. uncinata, Annularia, 282, 283, 284. uncinatum, Choanopoma, 283. undosa, Tudora, 251, 252, 253, 254. undosum, Ctenopoma, 254. undosum, Cyclostoma, 254. vannostrandi, Annularia, 290, 293. vannostrandi, Cyclostoma, 293. varicosa, Tudora, 266, 274. velazquezi, Opisthosiphon, 194. victoris, Annularia, 366, 369. viguetense, Opisthosiphon, 210. x PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou, 89 vinalensis, Annularia, 300, 301. Xenopoma—humboldtiana, 223. humboldtianum, 223. welchi, Annularia, 381. hystrix, 223, 225, 227. welchi, Tudora, 250, 251. spinosissimum, 223, 226. wrighti, Annularia, 367, 380. Xenopomoides, 134, 217. wrighti, Parachondria, 231. delicatulum, 217. wrighti, Tudora, 231. wrightianum, Ctenopoma, 157. wrightianum, Rhytidopoma, 150, 156, yateracensis, Tudora, 370. yaterasense, Choanopoma, 370. yaterasense, Cyclostoma, 370. 157. 7 ; aes yaterasensis, Annularia, 366, 370. Wrightudora, 248, 275. vyaterasensis, Pudong 259, 261. yumuriensis, Annularia, 366, 374. Xenopoma, 134, 218, 222, 224. yunquense, Choanopoma, 379. aguayoi, 223, 224. yunquense, Cyclostoma, 379. hendersoni, 223, 225, 226, 227. yunquensis, Annularia, 366, 367, 379. O eer : * eat oD 7 ans mh ne CP & _ Pe sha alae ' re eye Pain ag ; nae wr? vw * , a= —— - A Oe ZW, Ss ei 1” _ ‘he? tore t th eM 1 iy cathy oe ae Ps ; te = a is on ¥ ; y ~~ Ne pelt Nie agile Se 8 wy i ,) i a > a 4 r. i i de - 7 x A ei) u wiser > ES! 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NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 89 Washington: 1940 No. 3097 SEVEN NEW CRAYFISHES OF THE GENUS CAMBARUS FROM FLORIDA, WITH NOTES ON OTHER SPECIES By Horton H. Hosss, Jr. While studying many crayfishes that I have collected in Florida in the last few years, and some that have been collected by others, I have noted several forms that appear to be undescribed, and I have redis- covered the true Cambarus acherontis of Lénnberg. The new forms are: Cambarus pallidus, C. lucifugus lucifugus, C. lucifugus alachua, C. hubbelli, C. kilbyr, C. rathbunae, and C. pictus. The first three of these inhabit subterranean waters; the remaining four are surface species. Some time ago I collected two species of the white crayfishes in the underground waters of Alachua County, Fla. Not having Lénnberg’s original description of C. acherontis at hand, I followed Faxon (1898, p. 645) and assumed that the specimens from Gum Cave, Citrus County, were C. acherontis, and I regarded one of these new species collected in Alachua County as a new race of Lénnberg’s species. The manuscript in which I described it was sent to the National Museum for publication, where it was referred to Dr. Leonhard Stejneger. I am very grateful to Dr. Stejneger for pointing out the fact that it was only an assumption on Faxon’s part that his material, which was from Gum Cave, Citrus County, was C. acherontis. Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, also of the National Museum, then suggested that I seek to obtain specimens of the true acherontis from the type locality. Lénnberg collected his type material, two blind subterranean cray- fishes, in 1893 in an underground rivulet about 42 feet below the sur- face near Lake Brantley, Orange County, approximately 12 miles 387 388 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL, 89 north of Orlando, in the same county, and close to the Seminole County line. These he described and figured as a new species, Cambarus acherontis (1894b, p. 6). Unfortunately, both of his speci- mens, which were males, are no longer extant. Learning from my friend Ralph Harmon that he had seen white crayfishes in Palm Springs, Seminole County, which lies approximately the same distance north of Orlando as Lénnberg’s type locality. and actually not more than 2 miles from it, I hastened to the place, together with Mr. Harmon and Lewis Marchand. We found more than two score of white crayfishes lying in the algae over the bottom of a pool formed by the spring. This pool (walled-up for swimming purposes) mesial view lateral view Ficure 14.—Figure of hypothetical first pleopod of first-form male to illustrate descriptive terminology: 4, Mesial process; B, cephalic process; C, centrocaudal process; D, caudal process; E, centrocephalic process. ‘The so-called central projection of the pleopod is made up of the juxtaposed centrocaudal and centrocephalic processes, C and E. measures about 60 by 20 feet; most of it is approximately 6 feet deep. The walls and bottom were covered with a thick algal growth and deposited on it was a sediment characteristic of sulphur springs. The water had a pH of 7.6. Mr. Marchand caught most of the 44 specimens that we secured by diving to the bottom and capturing them with his hands. They were extremely sluggish, many lying in the algae on their backs with their feet turned up toward the surface as though dead. Even after they were bagged there was little sign of life. Comparing these specimens with the description of C. acherontis Lénnberg (1894b, p. 6), I find close agreement with the second-form males, but, judging from Lénnberg’s figures 5a and 5b, as well as his NEW CRAYFISHES FROM: FLORIDA—-HOBBS 389 description, I do not believe he had a first-form male before him, but rather that both specimens were of the second form. Faxon’s state- ment (1898, p. 646), ‘I am therefore inclined to believe that the dis- crepancies between the Swedish author’s account of C. acherontis and the specimens before me [from Gum Cave] are due to differences in age and sex, and in part to inaccuracy of description and delineation,”’ is unjust as far as his charge of inaccuracy is concerned. Lénnberg’s description is remarkably well done. It is regrettable that Faxon failed to investigate the type locality, that he failed to accept Lénn- berg’s description at its face value, and that he thus confused two cavernicolous species. Faxon’s specimens are identical with C. lucifugus lucifugus. At present two groups of cavernicolous crayfishes are known from Florida, each closely related to surface forms. The first of these groups has only one representative, C. acherontis Lénnberg; the other is represented by three forms: C. pallidus, C. lucifugus lucifugus, C. lucifugus alachua. KEY TO SPECIES OF CAMBARUS REFERRED TO IN THIS PAPER 1. Rostrum with lateral spines or with margins broken_..-______....______- 2 Rostrum without lateral spines, margins smooth_____.__.__.._-_._______. a 2. Albinistic (dorsal surface of abdomen pigmented in some); eyes reduced____ 3 Colored Jeyes well'developed: 2) sis 22 SLL Eerie 4 3. Hook on ischiopodite of fourth pereiopod of male simple, not bituberculate__ 6 Hook on ischiopedite of fourth pereiopod of male bituber- CUS EG eset Peet ce ete Na PTI Sy ee Oke SN eben, LA cs echerontis (p. 390) PP ICUSeTUNT DTOAGESG Bl, DABCL 2 eho Wr sa ek ee tts gy ee 5 Rostrum broadest distad of base__.........-. lucifugus lucifugus (p. 398) Dy: PRISE USDOL IN: CYes o.oo es ols eS lucifugus alachua (p. 402) No pipmient Spot imveye.® . . “2422. S55 ses) Sere) US pallidus (p. 394) 6. First pleopod of male with knoblike projection on distal caudo- PACOTAM ATI. ce ee ee eee elie oy ie ee pictus (p. 419) First pleopod of male without knoblike projection on distal PHUUR ACER MIN ALON ot beeen eee be eee ee pubescens 7. Areola: moderately broad; chelae subovate___....._........--__.-.-2 L222 8 Areola very narrow; chelae strongly compressed dorso- PUNE SU Mp eek i cs haa Re ee ye oh Reh etree ev tee Sees edvena 8. Inner margin of palm of chelae of males barbate___________~ etree eee 9 Inner margin of palm of chelae of males not barbate____.__..._...__-____- 10 9. Hooks on ischiopodites of third and fourth pereiopods of TUS OURS SEN = SEEM AGREED De nd RD LOE DR, oe IS REDE SIE STR AMER EN Ike P barbatus Hook on ischiopodites of only the third pereiopods of male__ hubbelli (p. 406) Hooks on ischiopodites of third and fourth pereiopods of male. kilbyi (p. 410) Hooks on ischiopodites of only the third pereiopods of YTSL Claes Lee enn gerne acl ey aaa Ce Aaa epg eal rathbunae (p. 414) Measurements were taken as follows: Height of carapace, where cervical groove intersects the middorsal line; width of carapace, the greatest width, generally about midway between cervical groove and 390 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 89 posterior margin of carapace; length of carapace, measured along mid- dorsal line from tip of rostrum to posterior margin of carapace; width of rostrum at base, measured opposite the anterior terminals of post- orbital ridges; length of rostrum, from the postorbital ridge to tip of rostrum; length of areola, measured along middorsal line from cervical groove to posterior margin of carapace; width of areola, narrowest place between the sutures; width of chela, greatest width of palm. CAMBARUS ACHERONTIS Lénnberg Figure 15 1894. Cambarus acherontis LONNBERG, Zool. Anz., vol. 17, No. 444, pp. 125-127. 1894. Cambarus acherontis LONNBERG, Bihang Svenska Vet.—Akad. Handl., vol. 20, Afd. 4, No. 1, p. 6, figs. 1-6. 1903. Cambarus acherontis Harris, Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull., vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 58, 67,1 150, 152, 162. Diagnosis—An almost colorless subterranean species with unpig- mented eyes. The male with bituberculate hooks on the ischiopodites of the third and fourth pereiopods. First-form male without cephalic process on first pleopod, but with subterminal mesial process. A lyre-shaped plateau on the anteroventral portion of the annulus ventralis. Male (form I).—Body subovate, flattened dorsoventrally. Abdo- men slightly narrower than cephalothorax. Width of carapace in region of caudodorsal margin of cervical groove greater than depth. Greatest width of carapace about midway between caudodorsal margin of cervical groove and caudal margin of cephalothorax. Areola narrow, 20 times as long as wide. Cephalic region of cara- pace about 1.45 times as long as areola. Areola sparsely punctate cephalad and caudad. Sides almost parallel for a short distance in middle. (Apex of rostrum broken in male, measurements made to base of apex.) Rostrum long, narrow, tapering cephalad. Acumen broken; lateral spines short, weakly acuminate. Small secondary tubercles on each margin of rostrum at midlength. Upper surface deeply excavate. Postorbital ridges termimating anteriorly in short spines. Surface of carapace tuberculate laterally; dorsally polished and slightly punctate. No lateral spines. Abdomen smooth, slightly longer and slightly narrower than cepha- fothorax. Anterior section of telson with one spine in each of the posterolateral corners. HKyes reduced, not pigmented. Kpistome small, margins slightly elevated, with an anterior median spine; undulating laterally. ‘In part; i. e. excluding ‘2. Gum Cave, Citrus county***”’ NEW CRAYFISHES FROM FLORIDA—HOBBS 391 Antennules of usual form; a spine present on ventral side of basal segment. Antennae extending caudad slightly beyond tip of telson. Antennal scale broad; extends cephalad to tip of rostrum; not as long as peduncle of antennae. Broadest anterior to middle. Spine on outer margin weak. First pereiopod long and slender; palm subovate, entirely tubercu- late. Fingers with weak median dorsal ridge and bent decidedly “ \ ak | \ Ficure 15.—Cambarus acherontis Lénnberg: a, Mesial view of first pleopod of male, form I; b, cephalic view of first pleopod of male, form I; c, caudal view of first pleopod of male, form II; d, caudal view of first pleopod of male, form I; ¢, lateral view of first pleopod of male, form I; f, mesial view of first pleopod ot male, form II; g, ischiopodites of third and fourth pereiopods of male, form I; h, epistome of male, form I; 1, annulus ventralis; j, antennal scale; k, lateral view of first pleopod of male, form II. Pubescence has been removed from all first pleopods. ventrad. About 11 tubercles in silhouette irregularly arranged along inner margin of palm. Movable finger with about 19 tubercles along mesial margin; lateral margin with one corneous tubercle in proximal third and about five 392 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM yOu, 89 very low corneous knobs just distad of this tubercle. Entire lateral margin covered with minute denticles and scattered setae. Immovable finger with five low, rounded knobs along proximo- mesial margin, just distad of which is a large corneous tubercle. En- tire mesial margin with minute denticles. About 11 small tubercles on proximal lateral margin. Carpus about 1.6 times as long as wide; a shallow oblique groove above. Punctate dorsolaterally, otherwise tuberculate. Two very large tubercles anteroventrad and a row of four smaller ones ventro- mesad. Merus entirely tuberculate. Tubercles spikelike ventrad, dorsad, and mesad. Ischiopodites of third and fourth pereiopods with strong, bitubercu- late hooks. First pleopod very slender and extending to base of third pereiopod; tip terminating in two distinct parts. A third terminal process, the mesial process, somewhat obscured by close proximity with the main shaft, lies along the caudomesial margin and terminates one and one- half times its own length proximad of the tip. It 1s spiculiform but almost truncate distally. The cephalic process is absent, represented only by a shelf on the anterodistal margin. The central projection is a strongly developed, subtriangular, corneous structure which is flattened laterally and extends beyond the rest of the appendage distally. It is composed of two parts: the centrocaudal and the centrocephalic. A caudal process arises from the caudodistal margin; it is compressed laterally and is directly posterior to the central pro- jection. An excavation is present mesad of the central projection and caudal process. Male (form I1).—Only slightiy different from first-form -