GICHAPIN): | From J.D.Hood, I 1919. . Division of Co] ‘ Department of Ento; U; SON Nationa] Museu y N BULLETIN “ LABORATORIES OF NATURAL HISTORY OF THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF [OWA. VOR EON E <1: PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF THE REGENTS. IOWA CITY, IOWA. 1888-1890. ie ! EXIM THSON aN ‘ }} ve jf | CiprarieS — a. et Oa o%. wi / New Species or Fresh WATER Motuusk. 275 acter which makes the young appear proportionately mu narrower than the adults; the anterior slope of the shell long and strongly convex, the posterior being short and _ concave. The surface is marked by fine lines of growth. The largest specimen which was secured has the following dimensions: length, 3.5 mm.; width, 1.8 mm.; height, 1.5 mm. The average dimensions are: length, 2.7 mm.; width, 1.7 mm.; height, 1.2 mm. The radula is rather narrow, the dental for- mula being 12-1-12. A rachidian tooth and one of the inner- most laterals will be figured on a plate in our next BULLETIN. The animal is of a uniform bluish-white color; the foot is ovate, wider anteriorly, and rather narrow for an Ancylus. This species occurs, not uncommonly, about five miles east of Lincoln, Neb., in Dead Man’s Run, a streamlet with numerous pond-like enlargements. Specimens were found by the author at all seasons of the year, adhering to shells of Anodonta plana, sticks, leaves, etc. Though diligent search has been made, no specimens have thus far been found in any _ other than the above-mentioned locality. The only other specimen of the genus which has been found by the author in the vicinity of Lincoln is A. r¢vudaris, Say, which is rather rare in Oak Creek, west of Lincoln. A more complete description and representation of the den- tition will be made in a subsequent issue of this BULLETIN, in a paper on the comparative dentition of the species of Azcylus. THE PSELAPHIDA OF NORTH AMERICA, A MONOGRAPH BY EMIL BRENDEL, M. D., ann H. F. WICKHAM. In preparing this monograph the authors hope to aid stu- dents of this large and interesting family, by sufficiently minute descriptions and synoptical tables, to recognize any species known to the fauna of the United States and British America, and to see the affinities of American species to members of this family in other lands. Far from believing this to be a perfect work, the authors submit it as a contribution liable to future revision. Even if the ideas herein set forth are not accepted, the present com- pilation of hitherto scattered descriptions will, it is hoped, be of value. The descriptions of early authors were sufficiently minute to differentiate the small number of species then known. At present many of those descriptions are applicable to quite dif- ferent forms, and synoptical tables based upon the old descrip- tions have become an impossibility. Up to the time of Jno. L. Leconte, the number of species was very limited. In 1817 Say described but three species — Tmesiphorus carinatus, Bryaxis dentata and Batrisus riparius. Aubé in 1834 added three or four, some not now recognizable, and Motschulsky in 1845 two or three more—jll described. Leconte followed with eighty-four species. Although the number of descriptions is now quite consider- able, their insufficiency has been a great difficulty, and ocular comparison of specimens is often necessary to determine a species. By exactness of description and by carefully drawn figures we hope to relieve the student henceforth from the necessity of such direct comparison. Tue PsELAPHID2 OF NorTH AMERICA. 217 As to classification, it is a matter of comparatively small moment whether we call a particular group genus or sub- genus, provided only the group be recognizable. Any varia- tion in nomenclature or classification will, however, be noticed appropriately in the proper place. As to the natural sequence of genera, now apparently con- tinuous, future discoveries in the Pacific region will perhaps necessitate some changes. If we take into account the fauna of other countries, the difficulties are greater, and will not be solved until more exhaustive investigation shall supply some forms now lacking. Having collected in different parts of the United States and obtained by exchange specimens from elsewhere, we have been enabled to compare most of the species described. Of the species not in our possession some have been borrowed for description here; the descriptions of such as we have not handled are inserted in their original form. Names not accompanied by sufficient description are merely mentioned. In the genus Bryaxes the section Frecchenbachia is most in- complete. Among the forms near to BL. rubicunda are many which cannot be kept asunder. In this case the extreme members of the series are described. We approve the sep- aration of Actzwm from Trimiuwm, and of Trizmzoplectus frcm Luplectus. The new genera present salient differences from the old ones, both in general form and in minor diagnostic characters. These changes may meet with criticism. We have exercised our best judgment, and shall be first to welcome any arrangement that can be shown to be better. “oo. . ll. dum loguimur fugerit invida At tas.” | We shall always thankfully consider ourselves under obliga- tions, for valuable information and specimens, to Dr. David Sharp, London, Eng.; to Capt. Thos. L. Casey, U.S. A., for various assistance and contributions; to Charles and Marie Fuchs, of San Francisco, California, for many important con- tributions. 218 NATURAL History BULLETIN. It is proper to say in conclusion, that in bringing out the monograph, the plan of the enterprise, the descriptions of the species, and the delineation of all the plates have been the work of the senior author, while the preparation of the matter for the press, its final redaction, belongs to the junior, The family Pselaphide, with which is here included the Clavigeride, ranges next to the Staphylinidz from which it differs by the prosternum invariably narrow, the large meta~ sternum and by the palpi always four-jointed. The abdomen has five or six flexible corneous ventral segments, the dorsals not, or very slightly, movable upwards but to a certain extent retractile; the middle coxe are rounded, the posterior trans- verse; the tarsi two or three-jointed. In the Staphylinidz the prosternum is variable in form, the metasternum smaller, the palpi four or five-jointed, the abdomen with seven or eight freely movable segments. The middle coxz are conical, the posterior variable in form, and the tarsi four or five-jointed except in the Oxytelini where they are three-jointed, and which group presents the nearest affinities to the Pselaphide. On the other hand this family approximates the Scydmeeni- dz, and shows also some relations with the Silphide. The Scydmeenide differ chiefly in the conical, distant posterior coxe, the longer elytra and the five-jointed tarsi. The Clavigeridz bearing in general the same characteristics as the Pselaphide, are distinguished by their imperfect embryonic forms, the antennz with six or less articulations, and by the structure of the abdomen. They are here treated as a subfamily. The Pselaphide present the following characters: mentum corneous, ligula membranous, with large paraglosse, labial palpi hardly visible. Maxille partly membranous and ciliated, their palpi always four-jointed, usually long. Antennz monili- form or clavate, not more than eleven-jointed. Prothorax with THE PSELAPHIDZ OF NorTH AMERICA. a to the side pieces not distinct, ankylosed, prosternum very narrow, often not visible between the coxe. Mesosternum very short, metasternum very broad. Elytra truncate, subtriangular. Abdomen with five dorsal and five or six ventral segments. The anterior coxe are prominent, conical, nearly contiguous, the intermediate rounded and near together, the posterior ones transverse, not prominent. The Pselaphidz proper are divided into three sections, the Pselaphini, Brvaxini, and Euplectini which sections become almost yearly more indefinite by the discovery of inter- mediate forms, thus demonstrating the unity of the present family. The Pselaphini were formerly considered a well defined section, but later discoveries such as the Bythinoid forms of | Macherodes, Eutrichites and Scalenarthrus link them with the Bryaxini. The genera Pselaptus, Verticinotus, and Eupsenius on one hand and Arthmius on the other lead from Bryaxis to Batrisus and the general form of the latter is repeated in Trimium. For want of a better place, the Trogasterini are placed between Trimium and Euplectus, as they exhibit radiating affinities. The species of the second section of Capt. Casey’s synopti- cal table are in our opinion not Euplecti. They stand between Euplectus and Trimium, nearer the latter, and have received the name Trimioplectus. The forms of Eutyphlus, Thesium and Faliscus approach _ the Faronii which latter we leave intact under the old genus Faronus for want of a more complete knowledge of the foreign members of this section. All of the Pselaphide live on animal substances, and the comparatively powerful mandibles and maxilla together with long palpal members seem to indicate that they capture fleet and hard-shelled prey. As a rule the Pselaphini live mostly in pairs while all the others are gregarious at least during the period of copulation when so-called “rare” species may be found in numbers. 220 NATURAL History BULLETIN. The Clavigeride live seemingly solitary; the construction and smallness of the oral organs seem to indicate that their nourishment is taken in liquid form. Of the larve nothing is known, our own investigations yielding doubtful results. l. CLAVIGERIDA. Antenne and tarsi two-jointed, anterior cox contiguous, posterior ones distant. Two genera are represented in our fauna: Eves wanting. a pins - . Adranes, Lec. Eyes present. - - - - Articerus, Dahim. ADRANES (from ddpavyc, imbecile). Prothorax, when viewed from above, conical; head cylindrical. Length, 1.8 mm. - - Cecus. Prothorax campanulate; head obconical. Length 2.5 mm. - - - - - - lecontet. A. ca@cus, Lec. Orange yellow, pubescence in regular rows of short, recumbent sete. Length, 1.8 mm. Plate I., Figs. 4 and 5. flead variolate, frontal margin straight, antennal fovez large, extehding to the middle of the clypeus and leaving a narrow septum connecting the frontal margin with the labium. The last antennal joint is rounded at the base, longer than one- half the length of the head, squarely truncate and narrower at the distal end. Palpi small, hidden inside of the circular oral opening. Prothorax as long as wide near the base, where the width equals the length of the head, neck half as wide as the base. Sides, at base, rounded, arcuate, straight towards the neck. Disk variolate, with a deep median sub-basal, cir- cular fovea. /ytra with the suture as long as the prothorax, which they very slightly exceed in width at base, middle depressed, sides straight, divergent, longer than the suture, posterior margin of each elytron triangularly lobed; disk without impressed lines, apex of lobe tufted with hairs. THE PsELAPHIDZ OF NortTH AMERICA. 221 Abdomen broader than the elytra, convex, polished, impunc- tate, the first dorsal segment very large, longer than wide, broadly margined, margin convolute at base, hairy, diminishing in width posteriorly, basal fovea extending from the suture two- fifths of the length of the segment. Two posterior dorsals very short. Mesosternum arrow-shaped, anterior coxe cylin- drical, contiguous, their trochanters arcuately conical, half as long as the femora; intermediate coxz small, rounded, pos- terior transverse, femora angulate, the ridges setigerous, grooved externally at the distal end for the reception of the cylindrical, two-jointed tarsus. In the male the end of the middle trochanter has a curved claw as long as that member. Habitat. Pennsylvania, Georgia, Illinois. Len, Tstone A. LEcONTEI, Brend. Honey yellow, pubescence in regu- lar rows. Length, 2.5mm. Plate VI., Figs. 1 and 2. Head twice as long as broad, broadest along the inter-antennal line, base only two-thirds of that width. Frontal margin and sides straight as seen from above; vertex with two entire, shallow, longitudinal impressions. Last antennal joint slightly arcuate, otherwise of the same form as in A. cecus. Protho- rax bell-shaped, a little longer than the head, base twice as wide as the neck, sides slightly arcuate, disk transversely convex, with a transverse sulcus one-fifth from the base, which is inter- rupted in the middle by an oval tubercle. Space between the sulcus and the base ring shaped, convex, with a flat,. cir- cular plane in the middle bearing a center-point. /ytra as in A. cecus. Basal abdominal segment wider than the elytra, margin arcuate and convolute near the base, thence divergent in a nearly straight line to the posterior limit of the segment. Disk trapeziform, convex, fovez similar in form to those of A. cecus, which it also resembles in the sexual characters. Habitat. Mississippi Valley. 222 NATURAL History BULLETIN. ArRTICERUS, Dahiman (ap7, short, «épaz, horn). Antennal fover not reaching the eye, head wider, last antennal joint with lateral outlines arcuate. Length, 1.5 mm. - : - californicus. Antennal fovee reaching the eye, head narrower, last antennal joint with lateral outlines straight. Length, 1.66 mm. - - - = AF UCHSUL A. Fucus, Brend. (fustiger, Lec.) Dark yellow, trans- lucent, pubescence setiform, in regular rows. Length, 1.66 mm. Plate VI., Fig. 6. ffead much variolate, flattened above, sides subangular near the eyes, which’ are situated about one-third of the length from the base. Frontal margin and base nearly equal in width to each other and to three-fourths of the length of the head; frontal margin slightly impressed at middle, frontal sep- tum narrow, antennal cavities very large. On the occiput are seen two small, shining points (also present in the European species), which have the appearance of ocelli. The eyes have eight facets. Antenne with the basal joint small, quad- rate, root-pulp partly exserted, second joint straight, tuba- shaped, tip truncate and three times wider than the base. Prothorax variolate, equal to the head in length, as long as wide, subglobular, truncate at base and apex, with a deep, median, sub-basal, variolate scar. /ytra at the base as wide as the prothorax; no humeral tubercles, suture not longer than the head, width across the tips equal to one and three- fourths times the length of the suture. Posterior limit of each elytron angularly lobed near the lateral limit, and having a tuft of hair; disk slightly depressed along the suture, with sutural lines and about six rows of recumbent sete. Poster- iorly the elytra are declivous to the deep, transverse abdom- inal fovea. Abdomen wider than the elytra, the basal segment longer than wide, deeply transversely foveate, evenly convex posteriorly, lateral margin convolute near the base, where it is widest and retuse, gradually narrowing behind. First ventral transversely impressed on either side. Legs prismatic, the THE PsELAPHIDa OF NorRTH AMERICA. 423 thighs slightly compressed laterally, grooved for the recep- tion of the tibia, which latter are thicker at the distal end and _ grooved externally for the reception of the tarsi. Tarsi cylin- drical, joints connate (three in number?) with a single strong claw. The male has the last ventral segment sinuate in the middle and the venter more concave. Found in eastern Tennessee by Fr. Fuchs in 1866. Also occurs at Williams, Arizona. (Wickham). A. FUCHSII, var. CALIFORNICUS, Arend. This differs in the form of the head, which is just perceptibly wider and seemingly shorter. The antennal fovez are limited anterior to the eye, while in the specimens from Tennessee they are drawn up backward above the eye, gradually becoming shal- lower. The funicle of the antenne is darker in A. califor- nicus, the first joint constricted near the base, with the root partly exposed, discernible in the bottom of the fovea; second joint as in A. fuchszz, but with the outlines concave. Dis- covered by my friend Carl Fuchs at Los Angeles, California. Occurs in March. SYSTEMATIC OUTLINE OF THE FAMILY PSELAPHIDZ. I. Antenne approximate, inserted beneath prominent, porrected, contiguous, tubercles. (Pselaphint). @1 Posterior coxe, distant, tarsi with two equal claws. 61 Maxillary palpi with the last two joints similar in form like the cotyle- dons of an acorn, without appendages. Antenne robust moniliform the last two joints of the maxillary palpi compressed, fusiform. - - CEOPHYLLUS, Lec, 226 Antenne with the last three joints forming a club, the last two joints of maxillary palpi lunate, the terminal one longer. 6? Antenne clavate, maxillary palpi with the last three joints bearing lateral setiform appendages. Last three joints of maxillary palpi triangular, appendages short. Cepius, Lec. 228 TMESIPHORUS, Lec. 239 Last three joints of maxillary palpi oval-transverse, appendages very long. - - - - - CTENISTES, Reichend. R34 224 NATURAL History BULLETIN. b8 Maxillary palpi without appendages. Antenne moniliform maxillary palpi minute, the basal joints hidden, the last two connate, together forming a globular club. - : - - - - CHENNIvUM, Latr, B32 Last three joints of antenne forming aclub Last joint of maxil- lary palpielongate with a terminal seta. - Tyrus, Aubé. 237 Last joint of antenne enormously enlarged, last joint of maxillary palpi cylindroid, rounded at tip. - + Hamorus, Aubé, 240 a? Tarsi with a single claw, posterior coxe distant. Maxillary palpi excessively long, third joint small, globular, second and fourth pedunculate-clavate, very long. PsELAPHUS, dst. 243 Maxillary palpi with the second joint tuberculate-clavate, the third quadrate, fourth broadly securiform. ; PSELAPTRICHUS, Brendel. 242 Maxillary palpi with the second joint clavate, pedunculate, the third triangular, the fourth long, securiform. TycHus, Leach. 2A a® Posterior coxe approximate. Tarsi with a single claw. Body linear depressed. - - - - - - - RHINOSCEPSIS, Lec. 254 II. Antenne distant, inserted on the sides of the head, beneath short, distant, not porrected tubercles. a1 Posterior coxe distant, only one claw fully developed. 51 Body broad transversely(cylindrical in cross section. Abdomen more or | Pe oe ae, less broadly margined. ““*P“c*+ c1 Abdominal margin retuse, narrow, dorsal segments unequal. Two basal ventrals longer, elytra narrow-shouldered very long, vertex bifoveate. (Bythinini.) d! Last palpal joint cultriform antennal club three-jointed. First antennal joint very long, vertex differently sculptured in the sexes. MACH-=RODES, Brendel. 282 d® Last palpal joint acuminate-ovate. Penultimate joint of antennz small, lenticular, the last ovate. EUTRICHITES, Lec. 256 Penultimate joint of antennz larger trapezoidal, the last long fusiform. - - - - SCALENARTHRUS, Lec. 255 c® Abdominal margin broadly retuse the basal segments of the dorsum and venter much longer, tarsi with a single claw. Elytra flat, last palpal joint fusiform. (Bryaxinz). Vertex bifoveate, prothorax with lateral edge rounded, unifoveate, antenne ten-jointed with a three-jointed club. Body broad, sexual marks on the intermediate thighs, elytral lines and abdominal carinz long, parallel, and distant. DECARTHRON, Brendel. 260 Tue PseLapnip@ oF Nortu AMERICA. 225 Vertex not foveate prothorax faintly trifoveate, under surface of head bicarinate body broad, antennal club three-jointed, only four ventral abdominal segments visible. - NISAXIS, Casey. 257 Vertex and pronotum trifoveate, body broad, each elytron with a long discal line, antennz with a three-jointed club, under sur- face of head unicarinate. - - : BRYAXIS, Leach. A6 Vertex bifoveate with a transverse frontal impression and ebee-obsolely sdutely circumambient sulcus, prothorax trifoveate, only the last antennal joint enlarged, body elongate. EupsEentius, Lec. ¢ 52 Body convex abdominal border narrow, prothorax without, or with one basal fovea, base of the abdominal dorsum without carine, or only indications of them, mutually far distant. Pronotum not foveate, elytral lines wanting vertex impressed in front. - - - - - - 2) PW PSEBAPPUS, Zeca ee Pronotum unifoveate, elytral lines present, the discal ones very short, vertex and antenne differently sculptured in the sexes. VERTICINOTUS, Grendel. 2% Vertex with four faint foveze different in the sexes; prothorax bifoveate, with a shallow basal transverse sulcus; elytral discal lines obsolete or wanting, sutural lines present, abdom- inal border on each segment not triangular, basal carinze present. Sexual differences in the vertex, antennz and an- terior tibize, tarsi with two unequal claws. ARTHMIUus, Lec. 4 483 Body circulo-cylindrical, narrow, elongate, very convex; abdominal mar- gin with the edges not parallel, triangular on each segment, the ex- ternal edges obsolete; vertex arcuately impressed. Prothorax with two or three longitudinal grooves, claws two, unequal. BAtTRisus, Lec. & a* Posterior cox approximate. da’ Body circulo-cylindrical, narrow, vertex arcuately impressed, prothorax without longitudinal sulcus, the last antennal joint only enlarged, tarsi with a single claw (Zvimiinz ). Elytral base bifoveate,-no subhumeral fovea, head larger. TrIMiIuM, Aubé. 32 Elytral base trifoveate, with a subhumeral fovea, head smaller. AcTIuM, Casey. 39 d* Body elliptico-cylindrical, convex, broader, the last three antennal joints enlarged, head transverse, prothorax with sharp, straight, linear longi- tudinal and basal sulci crossing each other, tarsi with two unequal claws (Zrogasterini.) e1 Prothorax at sides not spinous. Elytra with four basal punctures, each with a line, the discal ones abbreviated. - - RHEXIDIUS, Casey. 4] e® Prothorax at the sides spinous. Prothorax armed at the sides with a single sharp tooth, elytra with three discal lines. - - - - Oropus, Casey. 43 226 NATURAL History BULLETIN. Prothorax' twice as wide as long, armed at sides with three re- curved spines, elytra with one discal line, antenne geniculate. RueExius, Lec. 46 d® Body depressed, antenne thicker towards the apex. ff Tarsi with a single claw, antennal club three-jointed, vertex arcuately impressed, not produced in front. ‘ Body broader, lateral margin of the pronotum crenate, prosternum - carinate, fourth dorsal segment not prolonged. THESIUM, Casey. 48 Form convex, not depressed, dorsal abdominal border moderate, slightly retuse, dorsal segments five, subequal, the fourth not prolonged, visible ventral segments five, the two basal ones longer h- ane - - - TRIMIOPLECTUS, Brendel. FO Form depressed, linear, abdominal border wide, retuse, the three basal segments equal in length, the fourth prolonged, consist- ing of two segments united, ventrals six in female, seven in male, of equal length. - - - Euetectus, Leach. $3 Form depressed like Euplectus, prosternum carinate, the fourth dorsal segment not prolonged, eves of female rudimentary. ’ EUTYPHLUS, Lec. Body slender, pronotum with lateral longitudinal grooves, pro- sternum carinate, fourth dorsal not prolonged, FALISCUS, Casey. J? Tarsi with two equal claws, body linear, antennal joints gradually slightly larger towards the apex. - - - - - Faronus, Awdé. CroPpHyLius, Leconte (xéo, L hide, gi24ov, a leaf). Antennal tubercles transverse, contiguous, antenne eleven- jointed, palpi with the two terminal joints lamellate. Pubes- cence short, appressed. Tarsi with two equal claws, anterior femora each with three strong spines. Body elongate, not compact. C. Moniuis, Lec. Cinnamon-brown, impunctate; length, 3-3 mm. Plate VI., Figs. 7,8 andg. Head from base to frontal margin as long as the prothorax; width between (but excluding) the eyes, three-fourths that of the prothorax. Base evenly rounded, tempora not prominent, as long as the eyes. Frontal tubercles transverse, divided by a fine fissure which ends in a deep, oblong impression one-third the length of the head. Eyes not prominent, facets fine. Disk evenly vaulted. 72 74 7 Tue PsELAPHIDZ OF NorTH AMERICA. © 224 Clypeus swollen, convex, subangulate anteriorly. Antenne robust, one-half as long as the beetle, first joint about two- thirds as long as the frontal margin, cylindrico-conical; second smaller, of the same shape, two-thirds the length of the first, third and fourth equal, shorter than the second, and nearly as wide. Fifth and sixth, in the male, globose, wider than the fourth. Seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth, globose, the last two each equalling the third, which slightly exceeds the seventh, this being again exceeded by the eighth; eleventh subglobular a little wider than the tenth, and bluntly pointed. In the female these joints are subequal, subglobose, a little longer than wide, and becoming almost imperceptibly larger towards the tip. Palfi with the first joint very small, quadrate, second more than half as long as the head, small at base gradually increasing in width, sigmoid; third pedunculate, lamellate, fourth with the lamella opposite, and as long as, that of the third, the two-resembling the cotyledons of a bean. Pro- thorax campanulate length and width equal to that of the head including the eyes, sides evenly arcuate, becoming straight and parallel posteriorly, base a little less than twice as wide as the neck, with a fine impressed line around it; disk evenly vaulted, pubescence radiating from the center. £lytra across the shoulders one-half wider than the base of the prothorax; at the widest point which is just two-thirds of the length from the base they are just one-half wider than the breadth of the shoulders. Anterior half of the disk flat, tip and sides obliquely declivous, sutural lines nearly parallel, discal lines sulciform with flat bottoms, and evanescent near the middle of the elytral length. Shoulders prominent. Abdomen at base one-eighth narrower than the greatest width of the elytra, and as long as the width at the shoulders, very convex, broadly margined. First segment one-fourth as long as the basal width, sides divergent, a deep transverse impression near the middle of each half of the base. Ventral segments equal in length with no perceptible sexual differences. Legs long, slender, anterior femora with three spines. Tarsi 228 NATURAL History BULLETIN. slender, half the length of the tibiz, which are longer than the femora, joints two and three equal in length. Claws equal in length but not in strength. : Habitat. Ohio river to the Great Lakes. Ceptius, Leconte. ( xpdewor, careful). Antennal tubercles transverse contiguous, antennz eleven- jointed. Palpi with the last two joints unequal, cotyledonous, the third triangular or lunate acuminate inside; fourth thick, oblong or triangular free angles rounded. Tarsi with the last two joints equal, claws two, equal, anterior femora strongly tri-spinous. Body robust compact. C. ZIEGLERI, Lec. Umber brown, punctate, pubescence appressed, short and dense. Length 2.7mm. PI. VL, Figs. wean. 21. Head from base to frontal margin equal in length to the width just behind the eyes, tempora not prominent, nearly straight, convergent, shorter than the large prominent coarsely facetted eyes; frontal tubercles transverse, half as long as wide, separated by an ample sulcus which extends half way to the base. Disk between the eyes convex, punctured, with two circular fovez in the line of the posterior margins of the eyes and twice as distant from one another as from the eyes. On the under surface of each side behind the eyes is a strong prominent spine. Clypeus convex, rounded anteriorly. Palpi with the second joint as long as the third or fourth, curved, fusiform; third triangular, the basal and free angles acute, the sides including the latter angle longest, apical angle rounded. Fourth joint fusiform sides arcuate. Antenne nearly half as long as the body, robust, the first joint as long and wide as the frontal tubercles; second, third, and fourth equal, as long as wide; fifth smaller, subglobular; sixth and seventh globular subequal; eighth shorter, transverse, and differing in the sexes, that of the male having the inside prolonged into a very long, sharp, flat tooth, reaching to the base of the tenth joint. Ninth obconical, twice as wide as the Tue PseLAPHIDA OF NortTH AMERICA. 229 eighth, tenth obconical, truncate at base, twice as wide as long, eleventh ovate, base truncate, wider than the tenth and a little wider than long. Prothorax equal in length to the width of the head with the eyes included, a little wider in the middle for about one-sixth of the length. At this point the sides are strongly arcuate, anteriorly and posteriorly becoming nearly straight, neck half as wide as the base. Disk coarsely and deeply punctured with two slightly marked circular impressions one-sixth of the distance from the neck, and a deeper fovea on each side near the base connected with its fellow by a straight conspicuous sulcus. Basal margin just perceptibly raised in a sharp ridge. /ytra coarsely punc- tured, rather depressed anteriorly, the width across the shoulders equal to the length of the suture, and one-eighth more than that of the prothorax. They are widest one-fourth of the length from the tip and here the width is one-third greater than at the shoulders, which are prominent as a rounded, elevated ridge. Disk not very convex, sutural lines straight, nearly parallel, suture depressed, discal lines rather sulciform at base, evanescent near the middle.